LLukas22/scidocs huggingface dataset:
Device-Free Human Sensing and Localization in Collaborative Human–Robot Workspaces: A Case Study

Modern robot manufacturing is fostering the implementation of hybrid production systems characterized by human-robot cooperative tasks. Safety technologies for workers protection require advanced sensing capabilities and flexible solutions that are able to monitor the movements of the operator in proximity of moving robots. This paper proposes the use of wireless device-free localization (DFL) methods and architectures to detect and track a human worker in a cooperative human-robot industrial workspace. The DFL system is composed of groups of massively interacting small, low-cost, embedded radio-frequency (RF) transceivers that perform received power measurements. These devices are anchored in fixed peripheral locations of the plant and provide the localization of the worker, who peculiarly carries neither wireless active devices (device-free) nor specific tracking sensors (sensor-free sensing). Operator motion is, in fact, estimated by tracking the perturbations of the radio field induced by the human body, considering the effect of concurrently moving robot as non-stationary interference. The proposed localization and detection algorithm is based on the jump linear Markovian system and the interactive multiple model method, and its positioning accuracy has been validated by experiments performed inside a robotic cell of an industrial test plant. The proposed DFL system has been implemented by employing IEEE 802.15.4 RF devices operating at 2.4 GHz and integrated into a software safety architecture. Finally, a software toolset has been designed to predict DFL accuracy, to verify experimental measurements, and also to support the integration with preinstalled industrial sensors to increase the accuracy of the augmented system.
A case study on benefits and side-effects of agile practices in large-scale requirements engineering

In the software industry, there is a strong shift from traditional phase-based development towards agile methods and practices. This paper reports on a case study aimed at investigating if, and how, agile Requirements Engineering (RE) can remedy the challenges of traditional RE, and what new challenges agile RE may pose. The results from an initial case study with 9 practitioners from a large software development company, which is transitioning towards agile-inspired processes, show that agile practices address some RE challenges such as communication gaps and overscoping, but also cause new challenges, such as striking a good balance between agility and stability, and ensuring sufficient competence in cross-functional development teams.
Long-Term Effects of Inhaled Budesonide for Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia.

BACKGROUND
The long-term effects on neurodevelopment of the use of inhaled glucocorticoids in extremely preterm infants for the prevention or treatment of bronchopulmonary dysplasia are uncertain.


METHODS
We randomly assigned 863 infants (gestational age, 23 weeks 0 days to 27 weeks 6 days) to receive early (within 24 hours after birth) inhaled budesonide or placebo. The prespecified secondary long-term outcome was neurodevelopmental disability among survivors, defined as a composite of cerebral palsy, cognitive delay (a Mental Development Index score of <85 [1 SD below the mean of 100] on the Bayley Scales of Infant Development, Second Edition, with higher scores on the scale indicating better performance), deafness, or blindness at a corrected age of 18 to 22 months.


RESULTS
Adequate data on the prespecified composite long-term outcome were available for 629 infants. Of these infants, 148 (48.1%) of 308 infants assigned to budesonide had neurodevelopmental disability, as compared with 165 (51.4%) of 321 infants assigned to placebo (relative risk, adjusted for gestational age, 0.93; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.80 to 1.09; P=0.40). There was no significant difference in any of the individual components of the prespecified outcome. There were more deaths in the budesonide group than in the placebo group (82 [19.9%] of 413 infants vs. 58 [14.5%] of 400 infants for whom vital status was available; relative risk, 1.37; 95% CI, 1.01 to 1.86; P=0.04).


CONCLUSIONS
Among surviving extremely preterm infants, the rate of neurodevelopmental disability at 2 years did not differ significantly between infants who received early inhaled budesonide for the prevention of bronchopulmonary dysplasia and those who received placebo, but the mortality rate was higher among those who received budesonide. (Funded by the European Union and Chiesi Farmaceutici; ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT01035190 .).
The use of SPECT and PET in routine clinical practice in epilepsy.

PURPOSE OF REVIEW
The aim of this article is to give a subjective review of the usefulness of single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) and positron emission tomography (PET) imaging in clinical practice in epilepsy for 2007.


RECENT FINDINGS
Both ictal perfusion SPECT and interictal fluorodeoxyglucose PET can provide new information in the presurgical evaluation of intractable partial epilepsy. These functional imaging modalities reflect dynamic seizure-related changes in cerebral cellular functions. Although asymmetry of fluorodeoxyglucose PET metabolism has been useful to localize the epileptic temporal lobe, which tends to be more hypometabolic than the contralateral one, both frontal lobes are more hypometabolic than the epileptic temporal lobe, and may represent a region of 'surround inhibition'. Due to its low temporal resolution, ictal perfusion SPECT hyperperfusion patterns often contain both the ictal onset zone and propagation pathways. These patterns often have a multilobulated 'hourglass' appearance. The largest and most intense hyperperfusion cluster often represents ictal propagation, and does not always need to be resected in order to render a patient seizure free.


SUMMARY
Optimized interictal FDG-PET and ictal perfusion SPECT as part of a multimodality imaging platform will be important tools to better understand the neurobiology of epilepsy and to better define the epileptogenic, ictal onset, functional deficit and surround inhibition zones in refractory partial epilepsy.
Coexistence of Cheilitis Glandularis and Lichen Planus: Remarkable Response to Anti-inflammatory Treatments

A 36‐year‐old female patient presented with gradually enlarging and painful bleeding of her lower lip within 20 years. The patient did not define mechanical irritation, smoking, atopic state, chronic sun exposure, or photosensitivity. She was on oral antidiabetic treatment for Type 1 diabetes mellitus for 5 years. She did not have xerophthalmia, xerostomia, or arthritis. Organomegaly, lymphadenopathy, or palpable mass or any glandular involvement such as submandibular, sublingual, lacrimal, and parotid glands were not detected. Dermatological examination revealed fine desquamation, lacy white streaks, dilated and erythematous multiple milimetric ductal openings, and mild serous discharge by palpation [Figure 1]. There was no vermilion or adjacent skin involvement. A wedge resection biopsy of the lower lip showed epidermal keratinization, granular layer, apoptotic cells lined in the basal layer, and lichenoid inflammation. Chronic lymphocytic inflammation of the minor salivary glands, periductal dense lymphocytic inflammation, and mild ductal ectasia were detected in the dermis [Figure 2]. The inflammatory infiltrate in the tissue did not contain any plasma cells staining with CD138. Periodic acid Schiff/alcian blue (PAS/AB) staining did not show any dermal mucin or thick basal membrane. Fibrosis and obliterative phlebitis within the tissue were not present.
True and Living Prophet of Destruction: Cormac McCarthy and Modernity

This is the final version of the article. Available from Penn State University Press via the link in this record.
Anti-NMDA receptor encephalitis after TdaP–IPV booster vaccination: cause or coincidence?

Anti-NMDA receptor encephalitis is a recently described autoimmune disorder mediated by antibodies to the NR1 subunit of the N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor. It was first recognized as a paraneoplastic syndrome in young women with ovarian teratoma [1]. Further studies have shown that about 40% of the patients with anti-NMDA receptor encephalitis do not have a clinically detectable tumor, and men and children are also affected [2]. The mechanisms triggering the disorder, especially in patients without an associated neoplasm are unknown. The high incidence of prodromal viral-like symptoms suggests a possible infection triggering the autoimmune response [3]. We report about a 15-year-old female patient who was diagnosed with anti-NMDA receptor encephalitis after receiving a booster vaccination against tetanus/diphtheria/ pertussis and polio (TdaP-IPV). Within the first 24 h after the injection she developed a low-grade fever and general fatigue. During the following weeks, her family observed an unusual need for sleep. Psychiatric symptoms became apparent 5 weeks after the immunization and included disorganized thinking and hallucinations. Within a few days she became increasingly agitated with orofacial dyskinesia, opistotonic posturing, and choreic movements of the upper extremity. She grew unresponsive to verbal commands and required intensive care treatment due to autonomic instability. The unique pattern of clinical symptoms led to the consideration of anti-NMDA receptor encephalitis, which was confirmed by the detection of antiNMDAR antibodies in plasma and cerebrospinal fluid. Other possible causes of encephalopathy including intoxication, infectious and metabolic diseases were ruled out; repetitive brain scans showed no abnormalities. After confirming the diagnosis, an extensive tumor search was performed without any proof of malignancy; biopsy of a prominent ovarian cyst revealed no teratoma. The onset of prodromal symptoms shortly after the immunization is intriguing and suggests the vaccination as a possible trigger of anti-NMDA receptor encephalitis. Neurological adverse events including autoimmune disorders have been discussed in literature for many years; a definite causal association between vaccination and disease was seldom established. For example, the 1976 swine influenza vaccine was associated with an increased frequency of Guillain-Barre Syndrome (GBS) [4]. A recent study about the safety of TdaP vaccination in adolescents revealed no increased risk of neurological adverse events [5], even though rare cases of GBS have been reported. To our knowledge, this is the first possible case of vaccinationassociated anti-NMDA receptor encephalitis. Therefore, not only infectious agents and tumor antigens but also vaccines should be considered as a possible trigger of immune response in this recently described disorder.
Evaluation of new platinum-based treatment regimens in advanced-stage ovarian cancer: a Phase III Trial of the Gynecologic Cancer Intergroup.

PURPOSE
To determine if incorporation of an additional cytotoxic agent improves overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS) for women with advanced-stage epithelial ovarian carcinoma (EOC) and primary peritoneal carcinoma who receive carboplatin and paclitaxel.


PATIENTS AND METHODS
Women with stages III to IV disease were stratified by coordinating center, maximal diameter of residual tumor, and intent for interval cytoreduction and were then randomly assigned among five arms that incorporated gemcitabine, methoxypolyethylene glycosylated liposomal doxorubicin, or topotecan compared with carboplatin and paclitaxel. The primary end point was OS and was determined by pairwise comparison to the reference arm, with a 90% chance of detecting a true hazard ratio of 1.33 that limited type I error to 5% (two-tail) for the four comparisons.


RESULTS
Accrual exceeded 1,200 patients per year. An event-triggered interim analysis occurred after 272 events on the reference arm, and the study closed with 4,312 women enrolled. Arms were well balanced for demographic and prognostic factors, and 79% of patients completed eight cycles of therapy. There were no improvements in either PFS or OS associated with any experimental regimen. Survival analyses of groups defined by size of residual disease also failed to show experimental benefit in any subgroup.


CONCLUSION
Compared with standard paclitaxel and carboplatin, addition of a third cytotoxic agent provided no benefit in PFS or OS after optimal or suboptimal cytoreduction. Dual-stage, multiarm, phase III trials can efficiently evaluate multiple experimental regimens against a single reference arm. The development of new interventions beyond surgery and conventional platinum-based chemotherapy is required to additionally improve outcomes for women with advanced EOC.
Alcohol abuse and dependence criteria as predictors of a chronic course of alcohol use disorders in the general population.

AIMS
To investigate whether DSM-IV abuse and dependence criteria and the ICD-10 criterion for craving differentially predict a chronic course of alcohol use disorders (AUD) in the general population.


METHODS
Data were derived from the Netherlands Mental Health Survey and Incidence Study, a large representative sample of the general Dutch population with a baseline and a 1- and 3-year follow-up assessment. In the present study, a cohort of subjects with a DSM-IV AUD diagnosis at baseline was followed (n = 382). Diagnostic criteria of AUD according to DSM-IV and ICD-10 were assessed using the Composite International Diagnostic Interview (CIDI).


RESULTS
In our cohort of subjects with an AUD diagnosis at baseline, the presence of all dependence criteria, except tolerance, significantly increased the risk for dependence at 1 and 3 years follow-up. Abuse criteria displayed much lower and often non-significant risks for dependence at follow-up, with the exception of the criterion 'legal problems'. The ICD-10 criterion 'craving' had the highest relative risk (RR) of all criteria for dependence at 1 year (RR = 12.4, 95% CI = 5.5-27.8) and 3 years follow-up (RR = 12.9, 95% CI = 4.4-37.7).


CONCLUSION
With the exception of tolerance, all DSM-IV dependence criteria are useful in predicting the course of AUD in the general population.
The older people, omega-3, and cognitive health (EPOCH) trial design and methodology: A randomised, double-blind, controlled trial investigating the effect of long-chain omega-3 fatty acids on cognitive ageing and wellbeing in cognitively healthy older adults

BACKGROUND
Some studies have suggested an association between omega-3 long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-3 LC PUFAs) and better cognitive outcomes in older adults. To date, only two randomised, controlled trials have assessed the effect of n-3 LC PUFA supplementation on cognitive function in older cognitively healthy populations. Of these trials only one found a benefit, in the subgroup carrying the ApoE-ε4 allele. The benefits of n-3 LC PUFA supplementation on cognitive function in older normal populations thus still remain unclear. The main objective of the current study was to provide a comprehensive assessment of the potential of n-3 LC PUFAs to slow cognitive decline in normal elderly people, and included ApoE-ε4 allele carriage as a potential moderating factor. The detailed methodology of the trial is reported herein.


METHODS
The study was a parallel, 18-month, randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled intervention with assessment at baseline and repeated 6-monthly. Participants (N = 391, 53.7% female) aged 65-90 years, English-speaking and with normal cognitive function, were recruited from metropolitan Adelaide, South Australia. Participants in the intervention arm received capsules containing fish-oil at a daily dosage of 1720 mg of docosahexaenoic acid and 600 mg of eicosapentaenoic acid while the placebo arm received the equivalent amount of olive oil in their capsules. The primary outcome is rate of change in cognitive performance, as measured by latent variables for the cognitive constructs (encompassing Reasoning, Working Memory, Short-term Memory, Retrieval Fluency, Inhibition, Simple and Choice-Reaction Time, Perceptual Speed, Odd-man-out Reaction Time, Speed of Memory Scanning, and Psychomotor Speed) and assessed by latent growth curve modeling. Secondary outcomes are change in the Mini-mental State Examination, functional capacity and well-being (including health status, depression, mood, and self-report cognitive functioning), blood pressure, and biomarkers of n-3 LC PUFA status, glucose, lipid metabolism, inflammation, oxidative stress, and DNA damage.


TRIAL REGISTRATION
Australia and New Zealand Clinical Trials Register (ANZCTR): ACTRN12607000278437.
DEX: Deep EXpectation of Apparent Age from a Single Image

In this paper we tackle the estimation of apparent age in still face images with deep learning. Our convolutional neural networks (CNNs) use the VGG-16 architecture [13] and are pretrained on ImageNet for image classification. In addition, due to the limited number of apparent age annotated images, we explore the benefit of finetuning over crawled Internet face images with available age. We crawled 0.5 million images of celebrities from IMDB and Wikipedia that we make public. This is the largest public dataset for age prediction to date. We pose the age regression problem as a deep classification problem followed by a softmax expected value refinement and show improvements over direct regression training of CNNs. Our proposed method, Deep EXpectation (DEX) of apparent age, first detects the face in the test image and then extracts the CNN predictions from an ensemble of 20 networks on the cropped face. The CNNs of DEX were finetuned on the crawled images and then on the provided images with apparent age annotations. DEX does not use explicit facial landmarks. Our DEX is the winner (1st place) of the ChaLearn LAP 2015 challenge on apparent age estimation with 115 registered teams, significantly outperforming the human reference.
A new algorithm for Boolean operations on general polygons

A new algorithm for Boolean operations on general planar polygons is presented. It is available for general planar polygons (manifold or non-manifold, with or without holes). Edges of the two general polygons are subdivided at the intersection points and touching points. Thus, the boundary of the Boolean operation resultant polygon is made of some whole edges of the polygons after the subdivision process. We use the simplex theory to build the basic mathematical model of the new algorithm. The subordination problem between an edge and a polygon is reduced to a problem of determining whether a point is on some edges of some simplices or inside the simplices, and the associated simplicial chain of the resultant polygon is just an assembly of some simplices and their coefficients of the two polygons after the subdivision process. Examples show that the running time required by the new algorithm is less than one-third of that by the Rivero and Feito algorithm. r 2004 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Integrating HIV clinical services into primary health care in Rwanda: a measure of quantitative effects.

BACKGROUND
With the intensive scale-up of care and treatment for HIV/AIDS in developing countries, some fear that intensified attention to HIV programs may overwhelm health care systems and lead to declines in delivery of other primary health care. Few data exist that confirm negative or positive synergies on health care provision generally resulting from HIV-dedicated programs.


METHODS
Using a retrospective observational design we compare aggregate service data in Rwandan health facilities before and after the introduction of HIV care on selected measures of primary health care. The study tests the hypothesis that non-HIV care does not decrease after the introduction of basic HIV care.


FINDINGS
Overall, no declines were observed in reproductive health services, services for children, laboratory tests, and curative care. Statistically significant increases were found in utilization and provision of some preventive services. Multivariate regression, including introduction of HIV care and two important health care financing initiatives in Rwanda, revealed positive associations of all with observed increases. Introduction of HIV services was especially associated with increases in reproductive health. While hospitalization rates increased for the whole sample, declines were observed at health facilities that offered basic HIV care plus highly active antiretroviral therapy.


INTERPRETATION
Our results partially counter fears that HIV programs are producing adverse effects in non-HIV service delivery. Rather than leading to declines in other primary health care delivery, our findings suggest that the integration of HIV clinical services may contribute to increases.
Conceptual framework for personal recovery in mental health: systematic review and narrative synthesis.

BACKGROUND
No systematic review and narrative synthesis on personal recovery in mental illness has been undertaken.


AIMS
To synthesise published descriptions and models of personal recovery into an empirically based conceptual framework.


METHOD
Systematic review and modified narrative synthesis.


RESULTS
Out of 5208 papers that were identified and 366 that were reviewed, a total of 97 papers were included in this review. The emergent conceptual framework consists of: (a) 13 characteristics of the recovery journey; (b) five recovery processes comprising: connectedness; hope and optimism about the future; identity; meaning in life; and empowerment (giving the acronym CHIME); and (c) recovery stage descriptions which mapped onto the transtheoretical model of change. Studies that focused on recovery for individuals of Black and minority ethnic (BME) origin showed a greater emphasis on spirituality and stigma and also identified two additional themes: culturally specific facilitating factors and collectivist notions of recovery.


CONCLUSIONS
The conceptual framework is a theoretically defensible and robust synthesis of people's experiences of recovery in mental illness. This provides an empirical basis for future recovery-oriented research and practice.
Impact of statin use on outcomes after coronary artery bypass graft surgery.

BACKGROUND
The benefits of statins have been demonstrated for patients with a remote history of coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG); however, no investigation to date has evaluated whether initiation of statin therapy in the early months after surgery improves clinical outcomes.


METHODS AND RESULTS
A retrospective cohort of 7503 Medicare patients >/=65 years of age who underwent CABG (1995-2003) was assembled by use of linked hospital and pharmacy claims data. Rates of all-cause mortality and major adverse cardiovascular events were compared between patients who were (n=1745) and were not (n=5788) prescribed statins within 1 month of CABG discharge. Additional analyses evaluated the impact of statin initiation between 1 and 6 months after surgery. Multivariable and propensity score analysis demonstrated that statin use within 1 month of CABG discharge independently reduced the risk of all-cause mortality (adjusted hazard ratio 0.82, 95% confidence interval 0.72 to 0.94) compared with no statin use. Similarly, statin use within 1 month of CABG discharge independently reduced the risk of major adverse cardiovascular events (adjusted hazard ratio 0.89, 95% confidence interval 0.81 to 0.98). Initiation of statin therapy between 1 and 6 months after CABG discharge was also associated with reductions in major adverse cardiovascular events and mortality; however, outcome rates between early (</=1 month after CABG) and delayed (1 to 6 months after CABG) statin initiation were not significantly different.


CONCLUSIONS
Statin therapy initiated in the early months after hospital discharge independently reduces all-cause mortality and major adverse cardiovascular events after CABG. These findings validate the widespread practice of prescribing long-term statin therapy after CABG.