LLukas22/scidocs huggingface dataset:
Association of knowledge about epilepsy with mood and self-efficacy in Korean people with epilepsy

PURPOSE
We determined the level of knowledge about epilepsy in Korean people with epilepsy (PWE) and evaluated whether this is associated with self-efficacy, perceived stigma, anxiety, and depressive mood in these patients.


METHODS
This was a cross-sectional multicenter study. A total of 530 PWE participated from 31 secondary or tertiary hospitals in Korea. Knowledge about epilepsy was assessed using 34 medical items (EKP-M) of the Epilepsy Knowledge Profile-General. Additional questionnaires included the Epilepsy Self-Efficacy Scale (ESES), Stigma Scale, and Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS). Multiple linear regression analyses were used.


RESULTS
The mean EKP-M score was 22.2 (SD: 4.1). By univariate analyses, the EKP-M was related to ESES (r=0.220, p<0.001) and HADS-D (r=-0.154, p<0.001) scores but not to the Stigma Scale or HADS-A. By linear regression analyses, after adjusting for the confounding variables, the higher EKP-M scores were independently related to both higher ESES (p<0.001) and lower HADS-D scores (p<0.05).


CONCLUSION
Korean PWE have a relatively low level of knowledge about their condition. Knowledge about epilepsy is associated with a high level of self-efficacy and less depressive symptoms in affected individuals.
Access to green space, physical activity and mental health: a twin study.

BACKGROUND
Increasing global urbanisation has resulted in a greater proportion of the world's population becoming exposed to risk factors unique to urban areas, and understanding these effects on public health is essential. The aim of this study was to examine the association between access to green space and mental health among adult twin pairs.


METHODS
We used a multilevel random intercept model of same-sex twin pairs (4338 individuals) from the community-based University of Washington Twin Registry to analyse the association between access to green space, as measured by the Normalised Difference Vegetation Index and self-reported depression, stress, and anxiety. The main parameter of interest was the within-pair effect for identical (monozygotic, MZ) twins because it was not subject to confounding by genetic or shared childhood environment factors. Models were adjusted for income, physical activity, neighbourhood deprivation and population density.


RESULTS
When treating twins as individuals and not as members of a twin pair, green space was significantly inversely associated with each mental health outcome. The association with depression remained significant in the within-pair MZ univariate and adjusted models; however, there was no within-pair MZ effect for stress or anxiety among the models adjusted for income and physical activity.


CONCLUSIONS
These results suggest that greater access to green space is associated with less depression, but provide less evidence for effects on stress or anxiety. Understanding the mechanisms linking neighbourhood characteristics to mental health has important public health implications. Future studies should combine twin designs and longitudinal data to strengthen causal inference.
Adaptive notch filter based multipurpose control scheme for grid-interfaced three-phase four-wire DG inverter

The power electronic converter and its control system form an integral part of distributed generation (DG) systems interfacing renewable energy sources to the utility network. This paper proposes an adaptive notch filter-based multipurpose control scheme for grid interfacing DG inverter under corrupted grid conditions. The proposed control scheme uses a frequency adaptive sequence components extractor which is capable of extracting instantaneous symmetrical components and harmonic components of three-phase signals. The DG inverter in this study consists of three single-phase voltage source inverters with common dc bus and coupled to utility grid via three single-phase transformers. The DG sources are represented as constant dc voltage source on its dc side. The proposed control scheme enables the DG inverter to perform multiple tasks such as: reference power injection to grid, load reactive power support and compensation of harmonic, unbalanced and neutral currents. The effectiveness of the proposed control scheme is evaluated through MATLAB/Simulink simulations and experimentally verified using a hardware-in-the-loop (HIL)-based system.
The Thermal Infrared Sensor on the Landsat Data Continuity Mission

The Landsat Data Continuity Mission (LDCM), a joint NASA and USGS mission, is scheduled for launch in December, 2012. The LDCM instrument payload will consist of the Operational Land Imager (OLI), provided by Ball Aerospace and Technology Corporation (BATC) under contract to NASA and the Thermal Infrared Sensor (TIRS), provided by NASA's Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC). This paper outlines the design of the TIRS instrument and gives an example of its application to monitoring water consumption by measuring evapotranspiration.
A gentle introduction to quantile regression for ecologists

www.frontiersinecology.org © The Ecological Society of America R is a common statistical method employed by scientists to investigate relationships between variables. Quantile regression (Koenker and Bassett 1978) is a method for estimating functional relations between variables for all portions of a probability distribution. Although it has begun to be used in ecology and biology (Table 1), many ecologists remain unaware of it, as it was developed relatively recently and is rarely taught in statistics courses at many universities. We present this introduction both to encourage additional applications in ecology and to educate those who are already contemplating using the method. Typically, a response variable y is some function of predictor variables X, so that y = f(X). Most regression applications in the ecological sciences focus on estimating rates of change in the mean of the response variable distribution as some function of a set of predictor variables; in other words, the function is defined for the expected value of y conditional on X, E(y|X). Mosteller and Tukey (1977) noted that it was possible to fit regression curves to other parts of the distribution of the response variable, but that this was rarely done, and therefore most regression analyses gave an incomplete picture of the relationships between variables. This is especially problematic for regression models with heterogeneous variances, which are common in ecology. A regression model with heterogeneous variances implies that there is not a single rate of change that characterizes changes in the probability distributions. Focusing exclusively on changes in the means may underestimate, overestimate, or fail to distinguish real nonzero changes in heterogeneous distributions (Terrell et al. 1996; Cade et al. 1999). The Dunham et al. (2002) analyses relating the abundance of Lahontan cutthroat trout (Oncorhynchus clarki henshawi) to the ratio of stream width to depth illustrates the value of the additional information provided by quantile regression (Figure 1). The ratio was used as a predictor variable because it was an easily obtained measure of channel morphology that was thought to be related to the integrity of habitat in small streams like those typically inhabited by cutthroat trout. Quantile regression estimates indicated a nonlinear, negative relationship with the upper 30% (≥ 70th percentiles, P ≤ 0.10 for H0: 1 = 0) of cutthroat densities across 13 streams and 7 years. A weighted least squares regression estimated zero change (90% confidence intervals of –0.014 to 0.012, P = 0.901 for H0: 1 = 0) in mean densities with stream width to depth. If the authors REVIEWS REVIEWS REVIEWS
IGF 2 and cancer

Insulin-like growth factor 2 (IGF2) is a 7.5 kDa mitogenic peptide hormone expressed by liver and many other tissues. It is three times more abundant in serum than IGF1, but our understanding of its physiological and pathological roles has lagged behind that of IGF1. Expression of the IGF2 gene is strictly regulated. Over-expression occurs in many cancers and is associated with a poor prognosis. Elevated serum IGF2 is also associated with increased risk of developing various cancers including colorectal, breast, prostate and lung. There is established clinical utility for IGF2 measurement in the diagnosis of non-islet cell tumour hypoglycaemia, a condition characterised by a molar IGF2:IGF1 ratio O10. Recent advances in understanding of the pathophysiology of IGF2 in cancer have suggested much novel clinical utility for its measurement. Measurement of IGF2 in blood and genetic and epigenetic tests of the IGF2 gene may help assess cancer risk and prognosis. Further studies will determine whether these tests enter clinical practice. New therapeutic approaches are being developed to target IGF2 action. This review provides a clinical perspective on IGF2 and an update on recent research findings. Key Words
A novel optimization strategy for the design of large tolerance circular waveguide septum polarizer

A novel optimization design method for CWSP is presented to bring large tolerance by enlarging its performance margin. The proposed OFPD can be used in local optimization procedures and as well as in global ones to design an optimized CWSP.
Software Engineering Education in the 1990s - The Way Foreward

This paper discusses the future of Software Engineering education in Australia in the 1990s from the perspective of the current debate on the separation of Computer Science and Software Engineering as academic disciplines. It supports the prevailing view that maintaining the unity of Computer Science and Software Engineering is of critical importance.
Impact of Wheatgrass (Triticum aestivum L.) Supplementation on Atherogenic Lipoproteins and Menopausal Symptoms in Hyperlipidemic South Asian Women - A Randomized Controlled Study.

OBJECTIVE
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of wheatgrass (Triticum aestivum L.) on atherogenic lipoproteins, inflammation, and menopausal symptoms.


METHODS
Fifty-nine hyperlipidemic women were randomized into control (n = 30) and intervention groups (n = 29). Intervention group was administered 3.5 g of freeze-dried wheatgrass powder in encapsulated form daily for 10 weeks, while the control group received no intervention.


RESULTS
The intervention group experienced a reduction of 5.4% in total cholesterol (TC), 4.4% in low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and 9.5% in triacylglycerols (TAG); however, high-density lipoprotein (HDL) also reduced by 6% following 10 weeks of intervention. Compared with the control group, the baseline-adjusted post-intervention levels of TC, TAG, and Apolipoprotein B (Apo B) were significantly lower in the experimental group compared with the control group (p = 0.043, 0.045, and 0.016, respectively). Prevalence of menopausal symptoms saw nonsignificant reductions: vasomotor, 42%; somatic, 33%; and psychological, 50%, while urogenital symptoms remained unaltered.


CONCLUSIONS
Wheatgrass supplementation at a dose of 3.5 g per day for a period of 10 weeks results in significant reductions in Apo B fraction, TC, and TAG without significantly reducing the HDL cholesterol.
Single-Sensor-Based Three-Phase Permanent-Magnet Synchronous Motor Drive System With Luenberger Observers for Motor Line Current Reconstruction

This paper presents an algorithm that enables single-sensor operation of vector-controlled three-phase permanent-magnet-synchronous-motor voltage source inverter (VSI)-based drive systems. The closed-loop operation is performed through measuring only the VSI dc-link current. The measured VSI dc-link current is fed to a space-vector-based lookup table, which reconstructs the motor line currents. Three Luenberger-style observers are used to filter out the reconstructed motor line currents and estimate the rotor position and speed. The effect of observer bandwidth on the accuracy of the motor's estimated parameters is also investigated. The drive system's physical dynamic stiffness is used as a key metric to compare the drive system performance in single-sensor mode and fully sensored mode, in order to find the lowest steady-state speed limit for the single-sensor drive system operation.
Motion Minima for Different Directions in Color Space

We have used the minimum-motion stimulus of Cavanagh, MacLeod & Anstis [(1987) Journal of the Optical Society of America A, 4, 1428-1438] to examine how signals along different directions in color space interact in motion perception. Stimuli were pairs of counterphasing gratings combined 90 deg out of phase in both space and time and modulated along different color-luminance axes. The axis for one of the gratings was fixed, while the axis for the second was varied so as to null perceived motion in the stimulus. The motion nulls show that observers are sensitive to motion signals carried by each of the cardinal directions of color space [an achromatic axis and L-M and S-(L+M) chromatic axes], but that signals along different cardinal axes are not combined to yield a net direction of motion. Pairing an achromatic and chromatic grating resulted in a motion null regardless of the relative or overall contrast of the two gratings, while the null directions for intermediate axes shifted depending on contrast. This result points to the special status of the luminance and chromatic axes. However, our results do not reveal a special pair of axes within the equiluminant plane. When contrasts along the cardinal axes are scaled for equal multiples of their respective detection thresholds, the L-M and S chromatic contrasts contribute roughly equally to the perceived motion, but are many times weaker than luminance contrast. Moreover, sensitivity to luminance motion is little affected by the presence of chromatic contrast, whereas sensitivity to chromatic motion is strongly masked by either luminance or chromatic contrast. These asymmetric interactions suggest that the motion of the luminance and chromatic components is encoded in qualitatively different ways.
FPGA Implementation of RSA Encryption System

This paper presents the architecture and modeling of RSA public key encryption/decryption systems. It supports multiple key sizes like 128 bits, 256 bits, 512 bits. Therefore it can easily be fit into the different systems requiring different levels of security. In this paper simple shift and add algorithm is used to implement the blocks. It makes the processing time faster and used
To Taxi or Not to Taxi? - Enabling Personalised and Real-Time Transportation Decisions for Mobile Users

We demonstrate a system that monitors the taxi availability at taxi stands by mining real-time taxi trajectory data streams. The system includes a server-side trajectory data stream processing and mining program and a client-side mobile application for Android smart phones. The server program continuously monitors for each taxi stand the numbers of taxis queueing at the taxi stand, the numbers of taxis that will pass the taxi stand, as well as the traffic conditions in the area around the stand. It delivers real time taxi and traffic information to mobile users via Restful web services. The client-side location-based mobile application consumes these services to help mobile users make informed transportation choices. For example the availability of taxis might yet be a deterrent when traffic is congested. Real world taxi trajectory data from more than 14000 taxis are used in the demo.
Rule based Sentence Simplification for English to Tamil Machine Translation System

Machine translation is the process by which computer software is used to translate a text from one natural language to another but handling complex sentences by any machine translation system is generally considered to be difficult. In order to boost the translation quality of the machine translation system, simplifying an input sentence becomes mandatory. Many approaches are available for simplifying the complex sentences. In this paper, Rule based technique is proposed to simplify the complex sentences based on connectives like relative pronouns, coordinating and subordinating conjunction. Sentence simplification is expressed as the list of sub-sentences that are portions of the original sentence. The meaning of the simplified sentence remains unaltered. Characters such as („.‟,‟?‟) are used as delimiters. One of the important pre-requisite is the presence of delimiter in the given sentence. Initial splitting is based on delimiters and then the simplification is based on connectives. This method is useful as a preprocessing tool for machine translation.
Functional Impairments in Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder: The Mediating Role of Neuropsychological Functioning

Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is associated with multiple neuropsychological deficits and the present study aimed to investigate to what extent these deficits are related to the functional impairments associated with the disorder. The results showed that all executive functioning deficits and reaction time variability acted as mediators in the relation between ADHD and academic achievement. However, only the effect of working memory for language skills, and the effects of reaction time variability and working memory for mathematics, remained significant when studying independent effects. Regulation of anger was a significant mediator for peer problems. Gender or symptoms of oppositional defiant disorder (ODD) or conduct disorder (CD) did not moderate these findings.
The role of oxidative stress and inflammation in the early evaluation of acute non-ST-elevation myocardial infarction: an observational study.

OBJECTIVE
We aimed to assess the role of oxidative stress (OS) and inflammation in the early evaluation of initial acute non -ST -elevation myocardial infarction (NSTEMI) compared with unstable angina pectoris (USAP).


METHODS
Forty-seven (54%) patients with NSTEMI and 40 (46%) with (USAP) were included in this cross-section observational study. We assessed the oxidative stress and inflammation parameters. Statistical analysis was performed using Fisher's exact test, Chi-square test, Mann-Whitney U test, Student's t-test, and Pearson correlation analysis for assess the correlations between variables.


RESULTS
Plasma total oxidative stress (TOS) and OS index levels were significantly higher (p<0.001 for both comparisons), in patients with NSTEMI. In addition, white blood cell count (WBC) and high-sensitive C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) levels were significantly higher in patients with NSTEMI (respectively; p<0.001, p=0.02). Age, WBC and low- density lipoprotein cholesterol showed positive correlations with TOS level (Pearson correlation coefficient: r=0.290, p=0.006; r=0.431, p<0.001; r=0.219, p=0.042 respectively), and also age showed positive correlation with OS index (Pearson correlation coefficient; r=0.246; p=0.021). However, the values of the troponin I and creatine kinase-MB fraction did not differ between the two groups (p>0.05 for all).


CONCLUSION
TOS, OSI, WBC and CRP levels are significantly higher in NSTEMI subject. These data suggest that inflammatory processes and oxidative stress together play a role in the pathogenesis of acute NSTEMI.
Misdiagnosis of spinal subacute combined degeneration in a patient with elevated serum B12 concentration and sensory deficit level

Subacute combined degeneration (SCD) is a neurodegenerative disease caused by vitamin B12 deficiency. It involves multiple organs of the body, and one of them is the spinal cord. The common neurological manifestations of SCD myelopathy are characterized as follows: symmetric paresthesia with no obvious level, composite (bilateral, multi-tract and multisite) neurological damage, slow progression and the lack of volatility [1]. SCD is a rare disease with variable clinical presentations. The diagnosis is often challenging and may lead to unnecessary or invalid interventions. Here we report a patient with atypical SCD who was misdiagnosed cervical disease and received surgical intervention. A 56-year-old female patient presented with low back pain for 6 months and progressive paresthesia and weakness of lower limbs for 1 month. She complained of feeling of walking on cotton, difficult walking and tolerable lumbago with a bend-like abnormal sensation in upper abdominal area. She had irregular oral administration of vitamin B12 and folate medications. The neurological examination showed mild paresis, symmetrical absence of position and vibration senses in the lower extremities and brisk deep tendon reflexes. Babinski sign was positive bilaterally. Pain sensation was decreased below T8 level. The laboratory tests revealed the following (normal range): mean corpuscular volume (MCV) 102.5 fL (80–100 fL), hemoglobin 129 g/l (120–160 g/l), serum B12 [2000 pg/ml (240–900 pg/ml) and a normal folate level. Enhanced cervical magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) showed abnormal T2-weighted hyperintensity in the dorsal columns of the cervical cord extending from C2 to C6 level. No evidence of any enhancement was seen on post gadolinium images. Enhanced thoracic MRI showed no space-occupying lesions. Because of the patient’s neurological symptoms, especially the existence of sensory deficit level, elevated vitamin B12 level and patient’s history of irregular vitamin B12 and folate treatment, a provisional diagnosis of cervical spondylotic myelopathy was made and treated with a cervical surgery. However, an unexpected deterioration of symptoms occurred after the surgery. The initial diagnosis was challenged in collaboration with neurology consultation team. A provisional diagnosis of SCD was considered in spite of a distinctive sensory deficit level and elevated serum B12 level. Patient started receiving intramuscular injection of vitamin B12 (North China Pharmaceutical Limited Company, China) at a dose of 1.5 mg/day for 2 weeks. Her symptoms including pain, weakness, walking instability and bend-like abnormal sensation were significantly alleviated. The sensory deficit level and the abnormal signals in cervical spinal cord disappeared at 3 months follow-up. There are two main factors that led to the failure of diagnosing this case initially, elevated serum B12 level and the existence of sensory deficit level. Low serum vitamin J. Li and L. Zhang contributed equally to this work.
Understanding the Elusive Black Box of Dynamic Capabilities

A major challenge for managers in turbulent environments is to make sound decisions quickly. Dynamic capabilities have been proposed as a means for addressing turbulent environments by helping managers extend, modify, and reconfigure existing operational capabilities into new ones that better match the environment. However, because dynamic capabilities have been viewed as an elusive black box, it is difficult for managers to make sound decisions in turbulent environments if they cannot effectively measure dynamic capabilities. Therefore, we first seek to propose a measurable model of dynamic capabilities by conceptualizing, operationalizing, and measuring dynamic capabilities. Specifically, drawing upon the dynamic capabilities literature, we identify a set of capabilities—sensing the environment, learning, coordinating, and integrating— that help reconfigure existing operational capabilities into new ones that better match the environment. Second, we propose a structural model where dynamic capabilities influence performance by reconfiguring existing operational capabilities in the context of new product development (NPD). Data from 180 NPD units support both the measurable model of dynamic capabilities and also the structural model by which dynamic capabilities influence performance in NPD by reconfiguring operational capabilities, particularly in higher levels of environmental turbulence. The study’s implications for managerial decision making in turbulent environments by capturing the elusive black box of dynamic capabilities are discussed. Subject Areas: Decision Making in Turbulent Environments, Dynamic Capabilities, Environmental Turbulence, New Product Development, and Operational Capabilities.