LLukas22/scidocs huggingface dataset:
“How do ethnic minority patients experience the intercultural care encounter in hospitals? a systematic review of qualitative research”

BACKGROUND
In our globalizing world, caregivers are increasingly being confronted with the challenges of providing intercultural healthcare, trying to find a dignified answer to the vulnerable situation of ethnic minority patients. Until now, international literature lacks insight in the intercultural care process as experienced by the ethnic minority patients themselves. We aim to fill this gap by analysing qualitative literature on the intercultural care encounter in the hospital setting, as experienced by ethnic minority patients.


METHODS
A systematic search was conducted for papers published between 2000 and 2015. Analysis and synthesis were guided by the critical interpretive synthesis approach.


RESULTS
Fifty one articles were included. Four dimensions emerged, describing the intercultural care encounter as (1) a meeting of two different cultural contexts of care, (2) in a dynamic and circular process of (3) balancing between the two cultural contexts, which is (4) influenced by mediators as concepts of being human, communication, family members and the hospital's organizational culture.


CONCLUSIONS
This review provides in-depth insight in the dynamic process of establishing intercultural care relationships in the hospital. We call for a broader perspective towards cultural sensitive care in which patients are cared for in a holistic and dignity-enhancing way.
Different effects of inhibitors on the O - and N -demethylation of codeine in human liver microsomes

Objective: The O- and N-demethylation of codeine is catalysed by CYP2D6 and CYP3A4 respectively. The formation rates of morphine by O-demethylation and norcodeine by N-demethylation were studied in two sets of human liver microsomes. Results: Relatively high K m values were found for both O- and N-demethylations, suggesting a low affinity to the corresponding enzymes. The inhibitory effects of various drugs were found to be different for O- and N-demethylations. The substrates of CYP2D6 such as thioridazine, amitriptyline and metoprolol inhibited the O-demethylation of codeine preferentially, while the substrates of CYP3A4 such as cyclosporine A, midazolam and erythromycin were all strong inhibitors of the N-demethylation of codeine. Quinidine and lignocaine, although they are substrates of CYP3A, showed preferential inhibition over the O-demethylation of codeine, suggesting a low affinity to the CYP3A. Methadone and dextropropoxyphene showed a preferential inhibition of CYP2D6 over CYP3A, while theophylline did not inhibit the O- or N-demethylation to a greater extent. Conclusion: It seems that there was a good correspondence between the capacity of drugs to inhibit the O- and N-demethylation of codeine in human liver microsomes and their apparent metabolism by CYP2D6 or CYP3A4, respectively in vivo in man, suggesting that this in vitro inhibition test may be a useful screen for drugs which interact with these two important drug-metabolising enzymes.
Sleep problems in patients with rheumatoid arthritis.

OBJECTIVE
To investigate sleep problems, and the relationship between sleep and disease activity, in Belgian patients with established rheumatoid arthritis (RA).


METHODS
This cross-sectional, observational, multicenter study assessed sleep quality using the Athens Insomnia Scale (AIS) and Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), and daytime sleepiness using the Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS). Additional patient-reported outcomes included visual analog scales (VAS) for fatigue and pain, the Medical Outcomes Study Short Form-36 Health Survey, the Health Assessment Questionnaire-Disability Index (HAQ-DI), and the Positive and Negative Affect Schedule. Multivariate regression and structural equation modeling identified factors associated with sleep quality, with the 28-joint Disease Activity Score [DAS28-C-reactive protein (CRP)] as a continuous or categorical variable. Analyses were performed on the total population and on patients stratified by disease activity status: remission/low (DAS28-CRP ≤ 3.2) or moderate to high (DAS28-CRP > 3.2).


RESULTS
Among 305 patients, mean (SD) age was 57.00 (12.38) years and mean (SD) disease duration was 11.77 (9.94) years. Mean (SD) AIS, PSQI, and ESS scores were 6.8 (4.79), 7.8 (4.30), and 7.3 (4.67), respectively. Mean (SD) VAS fatigue, VAS pain, and HAQ-DI were 45.22 (26.29), 39.04 (26.21), and 1.08 (0.75), respectively. There were significant positive relationships between DAS28-CRP and AIS/PSQI, but a significant negative relationship between DAS28-CRP and ESS. Several potentially confounding factors were identified.


CONCLUSIONS
Poor control of RA is associated with a reduction in sleep quality and decreased daytime sleepiness, which is likely explained by pain-related alertness. Future prospective studies are needed to confirm potential relationships between sleep quality, sleepiness, and RA treatment.
Correlation of histological findings of single session Er:YAG skin fractional resurfacing with various passes and energies and the possible clinical implications.

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES
Ablative fractional resurfacing shows promise for skin resurfacing and tightening and also to improve treatment of epidermal and dermal pigmentary disorders. This study aimed at determining any correlation between epidermal ablation and effects on the dermis when using an Er:YAG laser in ablative fractional resurfacing mode.


MATERIALS AND METHODS
Ten female subjects participated in the study, mean age 52 years, Skin phototypes: 1 Fitzpatrick type II; 8 type III and 1 type IV. The degree of wrinkles (Glogau scale II or III) was similar in all cases. The laser used was the Pixel Er:YAG system (Alma Lasertrade mark, Israel) which delivers the laser beam via a hand-piece equipped with a beam splitter to divide the 2,940 nm beam into various microbeams of 850 microm in diameter in an 11 mmx11 mm treatment area. Using a constant energy of 1,400 mJ/cm(2), on a test area of 4 cmx2 cm. Two, 4, 6, and 8 passes on the preauricular area of the face were evaluated immediately after treatment. In all cases, the handpiece was kept in the same position, and rotated slightly around its perpendicular axis between passes, then moved on to the next spot. Biopsies were performed and tissue samples were routinely processed and stained with hematoxylin and eosin (H&E).


RESULTS
No patient reported any noticeable discomfort, even at 8 passes. The histological findings revealed that, independent of the degree of the wrinkles, more laser passes produced more ablative removal of the epidermis. Residual thermal damage (RTD) with 2 laser passes was not observed but with 4 and 6 passes increased thermal effects and vacuole formation in the epidermal cells were noticed. With 8 laser passes, total epidermal removal was seen together with frank RTD-related changes in the upper part of the papillary dermis.


CONCLUSION
In this study, we have demonstrated that high density fractional Er:YAG laser energy in a single session with multiple passes targeted not only the skin surface with elimination of the epidermis, but could also achieve heat deposition in the upper dermis. When performing ablative fractional resurfacing with an Er:YAG laser, treatment of varying degrees of damage could be achieved by varying the number of passes.
Effect of testosterone therapy on lumbar spine and hip mineral density in elderly men.

OBJECTIVE
The aim of the present study was to analyse the effect of testosterone therapy on bone mineral density in healthy elderly men who had low levels of total testosterone.


DESIGN
Randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study.


PARTICIPANTS
Forty-eight men over 60 years old with decreased testosterone levels (< or =320 ng/dL) comprised the study. Twenty-five out of 48 received intramuscular injections of testosterone enanthate every three weeks during 12 months; the remaining 23 participants formed the control group. All participants had measurements of bone mineral density (BMD) in both lumbar spine and hip before and at the end of the study as well as testosterone and 17-beta estradiol levels.


RESULTS
Testosterone treated group exhibited a significant (p < 0.05) increment (from 1.198 +/- 0.153 to 1.240 +/- 0.141 g/cm(2)) in lumbar BMD in parallel with a significant (p < 0.001) increment (from 301 +/- 32 to 471 +/- 107 ng/dL) in testosterone concentrations, whereas no significant change occurred in femoral neck BMD.


CONCLUSIONS
Testosterone therapy elicited a positive effect only in lumbar BMD in elderly men with diminished testosterone serum levels.
Treatment of keratosis pilaris with 810-nm diode laser: a randomized clinical trial.

IMPORTANCE
Keratosis pilaris (KP) is a common skin disorder of follicular prominence and erythema that typically affects the proximal extremities, can be disfiguring, and is often resistant to treatment. Shorter-wavelength vascular lasers have been used to reduce the associated erythema but not the textural irregularity.


OBJECTIVE
To determine whether the longer-wavelength 810-nm diode laser may be effective for treatment of KP, particularly the associated skin roughness/bumpiness and textural irregularity.


DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS
We performed a split-body, rater-blinded, parallel-group, balanced (1:1), placebo-controlled randomized clinical trial at a dermatology outpatient practice of an urban academic medical center from March 1 to October 1, 2011. We included all patients diagnosed as having KP on both arms and Fitzpatrick skin types I through III. Of the 26 patients who underwent screening, 23 met our enrollment criteria. Of these, 18 patients completed the study, 3 were lost to or unavailable for follow-up, and 2 withdrew owing to inflammatory hyperpigmentation after the laser treatment.


INTERVENTIONS
Patients were randomized to receive laser treatment on the right or left arm. Each patient received treatment with the 810-nm pulsed diode laser to the arm randomized to be the treatment site. Treatments were repeated twice, for a total of 3 treatment visits spaced 4 to 5 weeks apart.


MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES
The primary outcome measure was the difference in disease severity score, including redness and roughness/bumpiness, with each graded on a scale of 0 (least severe) to 3 (most severe), between the treated and control sites. Two blinded dermatologists rated the sites at 12 weeks after the initial visit.


RESULTS
At follow-up, the median redness score reported by the 2 blinded raters for the treatment and control sides was 2.0 (interquartile range [IQR], 1-2; P = .11). The median roughness/bumpiness score was 1.0 (IQR, 1-2) for the treatment sides and 2.0 (IQR, 1-2) for the control sides, a difference of 1 (P = .004). The median overall score combining erythema and roughness/bumpiness was 3.0 (IQR, 2-4) for the treatment sides and 4.0 (IQR, 3-5) for the control sides, a difference of 1 (P = .005).


CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE
Three treatments with the 810-nm diode laser may induce significant improvements in skin texture and roughness/bumpiness in KP patients with Fitzpatrick skin types I through III, but baseline erythema is not improved. Complete treatment of erythema and texture in KP may require diode laser treatment combined with other laser or medical modalities that address redness.


TRIAL REGISTRATION
clinicaltrials.gov Identifier: NCT01281644.
An individualized contrast material injection protocol with respect to patient-related factors for dual-source CT coronary angiography.

AIM
To optimize contrast media (CM) injection protocols by individually tailoring the dose to the patient's body weight (BW), body mass index (BMI) and heart rate (HR) at dual-source computed tomography coronary angiography (DSCT-CA).


MATERIALS AND METHODS
A total of 423 patients were prospectively enrolled and were randomly assigned to four groups. The control group received 80 ml CM at 5 ml/s. For the HR-optimized group, the injection duration was the same as the scan duration plus 8 s. In the Body-optimized group, the dose of CM was tailored to BW and BMI. In the HR + Body-optimized group, CM protocols tailored to body size and scan duration were applied. Individual variability of arterial attenuation and incidence of arterial over-opacification (attenuation >500 HU) in the four groups were compared. Correlations between BW, BMI, HR, and arterial attenuations were evaluated in the four groups, respectively.


RESULTS
Reduced individual variability of arterial attenuation and a significantly lower incidence of arterial over-opacification were found in the Body-optimized group and HR + Body-optimized group. Arterial attenuation was inversely correlated with BW, BMI, and HR in the control group, inversely correlated with BW and BMI in the HR-optimized group, and inversely correlated with HR in the Body-optimized group. In the HR + Body-optimized group, arterial attenuation was not significantly correlated with BW, BMI, or HR respectively.


CONCLUSION
CM protocols individually tailored to BW, BMI, and HR can lead to reduced individual variability and a lower incidence of over-opacification of arterial attenuation, but also can reduce the influence of BW, BMI, and HR on arterial attenuations at DSCT-CA.
Availability Evaluation of Digital Library Cloud Services

Cloud computing is a new paradigm that provides services through the Internet. Such paradigm has the influence of the previous available technologies (e.g., cluster, peer-to-peer and grid computing) and has been adopted to reduce costs, to provide flexibility and to make management easier. Companies like Google, Amazon, Microsoft, IBM, HP, Yahoo, Oracle, and EMC have conducted significant investments on cloud infrastructure to provide services with high availability levels. The advantages of cloud computing allowed the construction of digital libraries that represent collections of information. This system demands high reliability and studies regarding analysis of availability are important due to the relevance of conservation and dissemination of the scientific and literature information. This paper proposes an approach to model and evaluate the availability of a digital library. A case study is conducted to show the applicability of the proposed approach. The obtained results are useful for the design of this system since missing data can lead to various errors and incalculable losses.
Free and Open Source Software for Industrial Process Control Systems

Scilab and Scicos are open-source and free software packages for design, simulation and realization of industrial process control systems. They can be used as the center of an integrated platform for the complete development process, including running controller with real plant (ScicosHIL: Hardware In the Loop) and automatic code generation for real time embedded platforms (Linux, RTAI/RTAI-Lab, RTAIXML/J-RTAI-Lab). These tools are mature, working alternatives to closed source, proprietary solutions for educational, academic, research and industrial applications. We present, using a working example, a complete development chain, from the design tools to the automatic code generation of stand alone embedded control and user interface program.
STUDY OF BOMBARDMENT-INDUCED-CONDUCTIVITY MATERIALS

Abstract : Three different techniques for measuring the conduction ratio in thin films of zinc sulfide were investigated. Both the sandwich and the lowenergy holding-beam techniques yielded consistent and reliable data. In contrast, data obtained by the high-energy holding-beam technique were ftorage tu es, *Display systems, *Dielectric films, *Electron bombardment, Con ductivity, T in films, Zinc compounds, Sulfides, Dielectrics, Measurement, Ion bombardment. Three different techniques for measuring the conduction ratio in thin films of zinc sulfide were investigated. Both the sandwich and the lowenergy holding-beam techniques yielded consistent and reliable data. In contrast, data obtained by the high-energy holding-beam technique were found to be inconsistent and unreliable. The effect on the conduction ratio of thermally processing the zinc sulfide dielectric was examined. When measured by the sandwich technique, such thermally processed films exhibited a substantial increase in the conduction ratio as compare with untreated films. When an electron beam instead of a conductive layer was used to establish the potential of the upper surface of the dielectric, it was possible to separate electrode contact effects from volume effects in the dielectric film. For dielectric films having two electrode contacts as well as those having one electrode contact and an electron beam to establish the potential acr s the film, the same proportionate increase in conduction ratio was obt 30 dec 60-30 Apr 61, by Robert H. Homstead. 30 Apr 61, 101p. incl. illus. tables. (Contract DA 36-039-sc-85347ined when the dielectric was thermally processed. (Author)
Sexism in the circuitry: female participation in male-dominated popular computer culture

In this paper, the authors discuss sexism and misogyny within video game culture through the lens of two high-profile examples of cyber-mob harassment and vilification of 'girls in gaming'. We discuss the representation of women within games as a set up for a discussion of Anita Sarkeesian and her Women versus Tropes in Games Youtube series. We then discuss indie game developer Zoe Quinn and what has become known online as 'gamergate. We use logs from the participants in Quinn's harassment to deconstruct the anatomy, techniques and methodology of misogynist online harassment, and how it is permitted and normalized by wider gaming culture. We stress that while this is not universal, it is wide-spread, insidious, and a major problem for video gaming culture. We conclude with a short discussion on the ways in which the issue can be addressed.
Seroepidemiology of leptospirosis in livestock in Trinidad

A study was conducted to determine the seroprevalence of leptospirosis and infecting serovars across livestock (cattle, sheep, goats, and pigs) in Trinidad using the microscopic agglutination test with an international panel of 23 serovars. Of a total of 590 cattle tested, 21.5% were seropositive with agglutinations to 13 of the 23 antigens used in the panel. Icterohaemorrhagiae (9.3%), Sejroe (4.1%), Ballum (4.1%), and Autumnalis (1.9%) were the predominant serogroups detected in the cattle sampled (n = 590). Of 222 sheep tested, 5.0% were seropositive with agglutinations to five serovars belonging to two serogroups. These serogroups were Autumnalis at 2.7%, and Icterohaemorrhagiae at 2.3% of all sheep tested (n = 222). Of a total of 180 goats tested, 3.3% were seropositive, all agglutinating to the Icterohaemorrhagiae serogroup, 1.7% to serovar Copenhageni, 1.1% to serovar Mankarso, and 0.6% to serovar Icterohaemorrhagiae. Among pigs (n = 200), 5.0% were seropositive for five serovars belonging to three serogroups. These serogroups were Icterohaemorrhagiae at 2.5%, Australis at 2%, and Ballum at 0.5%. Overall, age and sex of animals were not significantly associated with leptospirosis with the exception of cattle where age was a significant factor for seropositivity. It was concluded that for livestock, leptospirosis may be an important zoonotic and economic disease, particularly in the case of cattle. It is imperative that the impact of leptospirosis on abortion, stillbirths, and decreased milk production in livestock in the country be assessed.
Neural networks for deceptive opinion spam detection: An empirical study

The products reviews are increasingly used by individuals and organizations for purchase and business decisions. Driven by the desire of profit, spammers produce synthesized reviews to promote some products or demote competitors products. So deceptive opinion spam detection has attracted significant attention from both business and research communities in recent years. Existing approaches mainly focus on traditional discrete features, which are based on linguistic and psychological cues. However, these methods fail to encode the semantic meaning of a document from the discourse perspective, which limits the performance. In this work, we empirically explore a neural network model to learn document-level representation for detecting deceptive opinion spam. First, the model learns sentence representation with convolutional neural network. Then, sentence representations are combined using a gated recurrent neural network, which can model discourse information and yield a document vector. Finally, the document representations are directly used as features to identify deceptive opinion spam. Based on three domains datasets, the results on in-domain and cross-domain experiments show that our proposed method outperforms state-of-the-art methods. © 2017 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
Personal Exposure to Household Particulate Matter, Household Activities and Heart Rate Variability among Housewives

BACKGROUND
The association between indoor air pollution and heart rate variability (HRV) has been well-documented. Little is known about effects of household activities on indoor air quality and HRV alteration. To investigate changes in HRV associated with changes in personal exposure to household particulate matter (PM) and household activities.


METHODS
We performed 24-h continuous monitoring of electrocardiography and measured household PM exposure among 50 housewives. The outcome variables were log10-transformed standard deviation of normal-to-normal (NN) intervals (SDNN) and the square root of the mean of the sum of the squares of differences between adjacent NN intervals (r-MSSD). Household PM was measured as the mass concentration of PM with an aerodynamic diameter <2.5 µm (PM2.5). We used mixed-effects models to examine the association between household PM2.5 exposure and log10-transformed HRV indices.


RESULTS
After controlling for potential confounders, an interquartile range change in household PM2.5 with 1- to 4-h mean was associated with 1.25-4.31% decreases in SDNN and 0.12-3.71% decreases in r-MSSD. Stir-frying, cleaning with detergent and burning incense may increase household PM2.5 concentrations and modify the effects of household PM2.5 on HRV indices among housewives.


CONCLUSIONS
Indoor PM2.5 exposures were associated with decreased SDNN and r-MSSD among housewives, especially during stir-frying, cleaning with detergent and burning incense.
Current trends on ICT technologies for enterprise information systems

As business conditions change rapidly, the need for integrating business and technical systems calls for novel ICT frameworks and solutions to remain concurrent in highly competitive markets. A number of problems and issues arise in this regard. In this paper, four big challenges of enterprise information systems (EIS) are defined and discussed: (1) data value chain management; (2) context awareness; (3) usability, interaction and visualization; and (4) human learning and continuous education. Major contributions and research orientations of ICT technologies are elaborated based on selected key issues and lessons learned. First, the semantic mediator is proposed as a key enabler for dealing with semantic interoperability. Second, the context-aware infrastructures are proposed as a main solution for making efficient use of EIS to offer a high level of customization of delivered services and data. Third, the product avatar is proposed as a contribution to an evolutionary social, collaborative and product-centric and interaction metaphor with EIS. Fourth, human learning solutions are considered to develop individual competences in order to cope with new technological advances. The paper ends with a discussion on the impact of the proposed solutions on the economic and social landscape and proposes a set of recommendations as a perspective towards next generation of information systems. ã 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.