LLukas22/scidocs huggingface dataset:
Topology control for service-oriented wireless mesh networks

Topology control is one of the most critical design issues in multihop wireless networks. Topology control has been investigated extensively in the literature. Nevertheless, it is noted that most existing studies do not consider the requirements on upper layer applications or services. In this article we address the topology control issues on service-oriented wireless mesh networks. In particular, we provide a comprehensive survey of existing works on topology control from a service- oriented perspective. We then propose a general framework for topology control in service- oriented WMNs. To demonstrate the effectiveness of the framework, we conduct a case study in which the main objective is to maximize the overall throughput in a network with random unicast traffic. The performance of this topology control scheme is evaluated by numerical results. In addition, it is illustrated that the generated topology can support advanced technologies, including network coding and physical-layer network coding, which can significantly improve the throughput capacity of a network.
Gold of the Pharaohs – 6000 years of gold mining in Egypt and Nubia

The legendary wealth in gold of ancient Egypt seems to correspond with an unexpected high number of gold production sites in the Eastern Desert of Egypt and Nubia. This contribution introduces briefly the general geology of these vast regions and discusses the geology of the different varieties of the primary gold occurrences (always related to auriferous quartz mineralization in veins or shear zones) as well as the variable physico-chemical genesis of the gold concentrations. The development of gold mining over time, from Predynastic (ca. 3000 BC) until the end of Arab gold production times (about 1350 AD), including the spectacular Pharaonic periods is outlined, with examples of its remaining artefacts, settlements and mining sites in remote regions of the Eastern Desert of Egypt and Nubia. Finally, some estimates on the scale of gold production are presented. 2002 Published by Elsevier Science Ltd.
Safety and feasibility of early hospital discharge in ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction--a prospective and randomized trial in low-risk primary percutaneous coronary intervention patients (the Safe-Depart Trial).

BACKGROUND
Patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) have traditionally been hospitalized for 5 to 7 days to monitor for serious complications such as heart failure, arrhythmias, reinfarction, and death. The Zwolle Primary Percutaneous Coronary Intervention (PCI) Index is an externally validated risk score that has been used to identify low-risk STEMI patients who have undergone primary PCI and can safely be discharged from hospital within 72 hours. Previous studies have shown that many low-risk patients remain in hospital significantly longer.


METHODS
We randomly assigned 54 low-risk STEMI patients treated with primary or rescue PCI to 1 of 2 groups. Patients in the intervention group (n = 27) were actively targeted for early hospital discharge (48-72 hours) and received outpatient follow-up with an advanced practice nurse (APN). In the control group (n = 27), discharge planning and follow-up were left to the treating physician, and there was no added nursing intervention. The 2 primary outcomes of this pilot study were to demonstrate feasibility and safety. Secondary outcomes included compliance with medications, smoking cessation, attendance at cardiac rehabilitation, and quality of life, measured in both groups at 6 weeks time.


RESULTS
In the intervention group, 74% of patients were discharged within 72 hours, 100% had follow-up with the APN within 3 days (74% in person, 26% by phone), and 100% had >/= 3 APN follow-ups in total, meeting our prespecified criteria for feasibility. The median length of stay was 55 hours in both groups. There were no deaths in either group, and there was no difference in rehospitalization between patients in the intervention and control groups (8% vs 4%, P = .56). There was no difference in rates of medication compliance, smoking cessation, attendance at cardiac rehabilitation, or quality of life between the 2 groups, although our small pilot study was not powered to detect a difference in these outcomes.


CONCLUSION
In low-risk STEMI patients treated with primary or rescue PCI, a strategy of early hospital discharge facilitated by close nursing follow-up is feasible. Although our study did not identify differences in compliance or quality of life between the 2 groups, it did provide a functional study design for a larger trial powered to detect these important clinical end points.
An EMC evaluation of the use of unshielded motor cables in AC adjustable speed drive applications

The most common solution for modern adjustable speed drives (ASD) is the use of induction motors (IM) fed by voltage-source inverters (VSI). The inverter generates a pulsewidth modulated (PWM) voltage, with dv/dt values of about 6 kV//spl mu/s or even more. In three-leg inverters for three-phase applications the occurrence of common-mode voltage is inherent due to asymmetrical output pulses. As a result, for electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) reasons, in most applications shielded cables are used between the inverter and the motor, implying high installation costs. The present paper discusses the use of cheaper, unshielded cables. A new method for measuring electromagnetic interference (EMI) from unshielded cables is proposed and measurement results are presented. The level of EMI is evaluated in different situations: without an output filter, with a classical LC output filter and with an advanced output filter with DC link connection. It is concluded that, from an EMC point of view, unshielded cables can give very good performance provided that a common-mode (CM) output filter is used.
Choledocholithiasis: role of US and endoscopic ultrasound

In this article, the roles of sonography (US) and endoscopic sonography (EUS) are detailed. The diagnosis of choledocholithiasis has remained a challenge for many years. US, usually the first imaging modality for bile duct obstruction, has been considered of minimal importance for the visualization of stones within the extrahepatic bile ducts. However, numerous technical improvements and increased experience of the operators have changed the results of this technique. However, other imaging modalities have shown to be of interest in the diagnosis of choledocholithiasis. Among them, EUS, developed in the past 15 years, has been evaluated and appears to be one of the best techniques because of its excellent spatial resolution.
Plasmonic enhanced silicon pyramids for internal photoemission Schottky detectors in the near-infrared regime

We demonstrate a nanoscale broadband silicon plasmonic Schottky detector with high responsivity and improved signal to noise ratio operating in the sub-bandgap regime. Responsivity is enhanced by the use of pyramidally shaped plasmonic concentrators. Owing to the large cross-section of the pyramid, light is collected from a large area which corresponds to its base, concentrated toward the nano apex of the pyramid, absorbed in the metal, and generates hot electrons. Using the internal photoemission process, these electrons cross over the Schottky barrier and are collected as a photocurrent. The combination of using silicon technology together with the high collection efficiency and nanoscale confinement makes the silicon pyramids ideal for playing a central role in the construction of improved photodetectors. Furthermore, owing to the small active area, the dark current is significantly reduced as compared with flat detectors, and thus an improved signal to noise ratio is obtained. Our measurements show high responsivities over a broad spectral regime, with a record high of about 30 mA/W at the wavelength of 1064 nm, while keeping the dark current as low as ∼100 nA. Finally, such detectors can also be constructed in the form of a pixel array, and thus can be used as focal plane detector arrays. © 2015 Optical
Using the Bayley-III to assess neurodevelopmental delay: which cut-off should be used?

Background:As the latest edition of the Bayley Scales (Bayley-III) produces higher scores than its predecessor (BSID-II), there is uncertainty about how to classify moderate–severe neurodevelopmental delay. We have investigated agreement between classifications of delay made using the BSID-II and Bayley-III.Methods:BSID-II Mental Development Index (MDI) and Bayley-III cognitive and language scales were administered in 185 extremely preterm (<27 wk) children. A combined Bayley-III score (CB-III) was computed. Agreement between delay classified using MDI scores <70 and various Bayley-III cut-offs was assessed.Results:Bayley-III cognitive and language scores were close to the normative mean and were higher than BSID-II MDI scores. Nineteen (10.2%) children had MDI <70. Bayley-III scores <70 significantly underestimated the proportion with MDI <70. Bayley-III cognitive and language scores <85 had 99% agreement with MDI <70 and underestimated delay by 1.1%. CB-III scores <80 had 98% agreement and produced the same proportion with delay.Conclusion:Bayley-III cognitive and language scores <85 or CB-III scores <80 provide the best definition of moderate-severe neurodevelopmental delay for equivalence with MDI <70. CB-III scores have the advantage of producing a single continuous outcome measure but require further validation. The relative accuracy of both tests for predicting long-term outcomes requires investigation.
Application of Wireless Sensor Networks to Healthcare Promotion

Born on military applications, wireless sensor networks (WSNs) application grew on the promise of environment sensing and data processing capability at low cost. These networks can hold hundreds or even thousands of smart sensing nodes with processing and sensing capabilities and even integrated power through a dedicated battery. This paper surveys on the application of wireless sensor networks to healthcare promotion, namely with the use of biosensor technology applied to body sensor networks. On a wireless body sensor network, a person wears biosensors to gather data, while doing their daily activities. Currently, engineers and medical staff are cooperating on finding new ways to properly gather meaningful data on-site and achieve a convenient way to process these data for research and on-site medical decision. New challenges that such approach brings are also considered. Moreover, it is shown that wireless sensor networks provide the technology to built wireless sensing and create a convenient infrastructure for multiple data gathering in healthcare applications. Together with real successful examples, we demonstrate the great usefulness of wireless sensor networks in healthcare promotion. The paper concludes with some guidelines for future work.
A Study on WEKA Tool for Data Preprocessing , Classification and Clustering

250  Abstract— The basic principles of data mining is to analyze the data from different angle, categorize it and finally to summarize it. In today's world data mining have increasingly become very interesting and popular in terms of all application. The need for data mining is that we have too much data, too much technology but don't have useful information. Data mining software allows user to analyze data. This paper introduces the key principle of data pre-processing, classification, clustering and introduction of WEKA tool. Weka is a data mining tool. In this paper we are describing the steps of how to use WEKA tool for these technologies. It provides the facility to classify the data through various algorithms.
Using Argumentative Zones for Extractive Summarization of Scientific Articles

Information structure, i.e the way speakers construct sentences to present new information in the context of old, can capture rich linguistic information about the discourse structure of scientific documents. Information structure has been found useful for important Natural Language Processing (NLP) tasks, such as information retrieval and extraction. Since scientific articles typically follow a certain discourse structure describing the prior work, problem being solved, methods used, and so forth, it could also be useful for summarization of these articles. In this work we focus on a scheme of information structure called Argumentative Zoning (AZ), and investigate whether its categories could support extractive text summarization in a scientific domain. We develop a summarization system that uses AZ categories (i) as features and (ii) in the final sentence selection process. We evaluate the system directly as well as using task-based evaluation. The results show that AZ can support both full document and customized summarization. We report a statistically significant improvement in summarization performance against a competitive baseline that uses journal section labels instead of AZ information. TITLE AND ABSTRACT IN MANDARIN 一种根据“论证结构”自动摘录科技文献的方法 信息结构是指作者组织语句陈述信息的方式。信息结构例如科技文献的篇章结构包含丰富 的语言信息,有助于解决自然语言处理领域的一些重要问题例如信息检索和信息提取等。 科技文献通常使用特定的篇章结构来陈述以往的研究,阐述研究问题以及研究方法等等, 这些篇章结构可以被用于文献的自动摘录。本文着眼于一类特定的信息结构—“论证结构 ”,研究其是否有助于更好地摘录科技文献。在本文开发的摘录系统中,“论证结构”有 两种用途:一是作为特征供机器学习,二是用于最终的语句筛选过程。本文对该系统进行 了直接和间接的评测,测试结果显示“论证结构”有助于更好地对全文或指定信息进行摘 录。基于“论证结构”的摘录系统显著性优于基于章节标题的摘录系统。
Toric Topographically Customized Transepithelial, Pulsed, Very High-Fluence, Higher Energy and Higher Riboflavin Concentration Collagen Cross-Linking in Keratoconus

PURPOSE
To report a novel application of toric topographically customized transepithelial collagen cross-linking (CXL) aiming to achieve refractive astigmatic changes in a keratoconic cornea.


METHODS
Specially formulated riboflavin transepithelial administration and delivery of high-fluence UVA in a topographically customized pattern was applied in an eye with progressive keratoconus. Visual acuity, cornea clarity, keratometry, topography, and pachymetry with a multitude of modalities, as well as endothelial cell counts were evaluated for >6 months.


RESULTS
Uncorrected distance visual acuity changed from preoperative 20/40 to 20/25 at 6 months. A mean astigmatic reduction of 0.8 D, and significant cornea surface normalization was achieved 6 months postoperatively. There was some mild change in the epithelial distribution, with the treated area having a slight normalization in the average epithelial thickness.


CONCLUSIONS
We introduce herein the novel application of a topographically customizable transepithelial CXL in progressive keratoconus in order to achieve an astigmatic refractive effect and ectasia stabilization. This novel technique offers a nonablative and nonincisional approach to treat irregular astigmatism in ectatic cornea with rapid visual rehabilitation.
Guidelines for conducting and reporting economic evaluation of fall prevention strategies

Falls in older people result in substantial health burden. Compelling evidence indicates that falls can be prevented. We developed comprehensive guidelines for economic evaluations of fall prevention interventions to facilitate publication of high-quality economic evaluations of the effective strategies and aid decision making. The importance of economics applied to falls and fall prevention in older people has largely been overlooked. The use of different methodologies to assess the costs and health benefits of the interventions and their comparators and the inconsistent reporting in the studies limits the usefulness of these economic evaluations for decision making. We developed guidelines to encourage and facilitate completion of high-quality economic evaluations of effective fall prevention strategies. We used a generic checklist for economic evaluations as a platform to develop comprehensive guidelines for conducting and reporting economic evaluations of fall prevention strategies. We considered the many challenges involved, particularly in identifying, measuring, and valuing the relevant cost items. We recommend researchers include cost outcomes and report incremental cost-effectiveness ratios in terms of falls prevented and quality adjusted life years in all clinical trials of fall prevention interventions. Studies should include the following cost categories: (1) implementing the intervention, (2) delivering the comparator group intervention, (3) total health care costs, (4) costs of fall-related health care resource use, and (5) personal and informal carer opportunity costs. This paper provides a timely benchmark to promote comparability and consistency for conducting and reporting economic evaluations of fall prevention strategies.
Proportion of new HIV infections attributable to herpes simplex 2 increases over time: simulations of the changing role of sexually transmitted infections in sub-Saharan African HIV epidemics.

OBJECTIVE
To understand the changing impact of herpes simplex 2 (HSV-2) and other sexually transmitted infections (STIs) on HIV incidence over time in four sub-Saharan African cities, using simulation models.


METHODS
An individual-based stochastic model was fitted to demographic, behavioural and epidemiological data from cross-sectional population-based surveys in four African cities (Kisumu, Kenya; Ndola, Zambia; Yaoundé, Cameroon; and Cotonou, Benin) in 1997. To estimate the proportion of new HIV infections attributable to HSV-2 and other STIs over time, HIV incidence in the fitted model was compared with that in model scenarios in which the cofactor effect of the STIs on HIV susceptibility and infectivity were removed 5, 10, 15, 20 and 25 years into the simulated HIV epidemics.


RESULTS
The proportion of incident HIV attributable to HSV-2 infection (the model estimated population attributable fraction (PAF(M))) increased with maturity of the HIV epidemic. In the different cities, the PAF(M) was 8-31% 5 years into the epidemic, but rose to 35-48% 15 years after the introduction of HIV. In contrast, the proportion of incident HIV attributable to chancroid decreased over time with strongest effects five years after HIV introduction, falling to no effect 15 years after. Sensitivity analyses showed that, in the model, recurrent HSV-2 ulcers had more of an impact on HIV incidence than did primary HSV-2 ulcers, and that the effect of HSV-2 on HIV infectivity may be more important for HIV spread than the effect on HIV susceptibility, assuming that HSV-2 has similar cofactor effects on HIV susceptibility and infectivity. The overall impact of other curable STIs on HIV spread (syphilis, gonorrhoea and chlamydia) remained relatively constant over time.


CONCLUSIONS
Although HSV-2 appears to have a limited impact on HIV incidence in the early stages of sub-Saharan African HIV epidemics when the epidemic is concentrated in core groups, it has an increasingly large impact as the epidemic progresses. In generalised HIV epidemics where control programmes for curable STIs are already in place, interventions against HSV-2 may have a key role in HIV prevention.
Prospective study of C-reactive protein, homocysteine, and plasma lipid levels as predictors of sudden cardiac death.

BACKGROUND
Sudden cardiac death (SCD) is an important cause of mortality even among apparently healthy populations. However, our ability to identify those at risk for SCD in the general population is poor, and more specific markers are needed.


METHODS AND RESULTS
To compare and contrast the relative importance of C-reactive protein (CRP), homocysteine, and lipids as long-term predictors of SCD, we performed a prospective, nested, case-control analysis involving 97 cases of SCD among apparently healthy men enrolled in the Physician's Health Study. Of these plasma markers measured, only baseline CRP levels were significantly associated with the risk of SCD over the ensuing 17 years of follow-up (P for trend=0.001). The increase in risk associated with CRP levels was primarily seen among men in the highest quartile, who were at a 2.78-fold increased risk of SCD (95% CI 1.35 to 5.72) compared with men in the lowest quartile. These results were not significantly altered in analyses that (in addition to the matching variables of age and smoking status) controlled for lipid parameters, homocysteine, and multiple cardiac risk factors (relative risk for highest versus lowest quartile 2.65, 95% CI 0.79 to 8.83; P for trend=0.03). In contrast to the positive relationship observed for CRP, neither homocysteine nor lipid levels were significantly associated with risk of SCD.


CONCLUSIONS
These prospective data suggest that CRP levels may be useful in identifying apparently healthy men who are at an increased long-term risk of SCD.
Towards semantic maps for mobile robots

Intelligent autonomous action in ordinary environments calls formaps. 3Dgeometry is generally required for avoiding collision with complex obstacles and to self-localize in six degrees of freedom (6 DoF) (x, y, z positions, roll, yaw, and pitch angles). Meaning, in addition to geometry, becomes inevitable if the robot is supposed to interact with its environment in a goal-directed way. A semantic stance enables the robot to reason about objects; it helps disambiguate or round off sensor data; and the robot knowledge becomes reviewable and communicable. The paper describes an approach and an integrated robot system for semantic mapping. The prime sensor is a 3D laser scanner. Individual scans are registered into a coherent 3D geometry map by 6D SLAM. Coarse scene features (e.g., walls, floors in a building) are determined by semantic labeling. More delicate objects are then detected by a trained classifier and localized. In the end, the semantic maps can be visualized for human inspection. We sketch the overall architecture of the approach, explain the respective steps and their underlying algorithms, give examples based on a working robot implementation, and discuss the findings. © 2008 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
A testbed for secure and robust SCADA systems

The Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition System (SCADA) monitor and control real-time systems. SCADA systems are the backbone of the critical infrastructure, and any compromise in their security can have grave consequences. Therefore, there is a need to have a SCADA testbed for checking vulnerabilities and validating security solutions. In this paper we develop such a SCADA testbed.
Understanding software project risk: a cluster analysis

Understanding software project risk can help in reducing the incidence of failure. Building on prior work, software project risk was conceptualized along six dimensions. A questionnaire was built and 507 software project managers were surveyed. A cluster analysis was then performed to identify aspects of low, medium, and high risk projects. An examination of risk dimensions across the levels revealed that even low risk projects have a high level of complexity risk. For high risk projects, the risks associated with requirements, planning and control, and the organization become more obvious. The influence of project scope, sourcing practices, and strategic orientation on project risk dimensions was also examined. Results suggested that project scope affects all dimensions of risk, whereas sourcing practices and strategic orientation had a more limited impact. A conceptual model of project risk and performance was presented. # 2004 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.