LLukas22/scidocs huggingface dataset:
A Study of Feature Selection Algorithms for Predicting Students Academic Performance

The main aim of all the educational organizations is to improve the quality of education and elevate the academic performance of students. Educational Data Mining (EDM) is a growing research field which helps academic institutions to improve the performance of their students. The academic institutions are most often judged by the grades achieved by the students in examination. EDM offers different practices to predict the academic performance of students. In EDM, Feature Selection (FS) plays a vital role in improving the quality of prediction models for educational datasets. FS algorithms eliminate unrelated data from the educational repositories and hence increase the performance of classifier accuracy used in different EDM practices to support decision making for educational settings. The good quality of educational dataset can produce better results and hence the decisions based on such quality dataset can increase the quality of education by predicting the performance of students. In the light of this mentioned fact, it is necessary to choose a feature selection algorithm carefully. This paper presents an analysis of the performance of filter feature selection algorithms and classification algorithms on two different student datasets. The results obtained from different FS algorithms and classifiers on two student datasets with different number of features will also help researchers to find the best combinations of filter feature selection algorithms and classifiers. It is very necessary to put light on the relevancy of feature selection for student performance prediction, as the constructive educational strategies can be derived through the relevant set of features. The results of our study depict that there is a 10% difference of prediction accuracies between the results of datasets with different number of features. Keywords—Educational data mining; feature selection algorithms; classifiers; CFS; relief feature selection algorithm
Influence of gender on pacing adopted by elite triathletes during a competition

The aim of this study was to compare the pacing strategies adopted by women and men during a World Cup ITU triathlon. Twelve elite triathletes (6 females, 6 males) competed in a World Cup Olympic distance competition where speed and heart rate (HR) were measured in the three events. The power output (PO) was recorded in cycling to determine the time spent in five intensity zones ([0–10% VT1]; [10% VT1–VT1]; [VT1–VT2]; [VT2–MAP] and ≥MAP) [ventilatory threshold (VT); maximal aerobic power (MAP)]. Swimming and running speeds decreased similarly for both genders (P < 0.05) and HR values were similar through the whole race (92 ± 2 and 92 ± 3% of maximal HR for women and men, respectively). The distribution of time spent in the five zones during the cycling leg was the same for both genders. The men’s speed and PO decreased after the first bike lap (P < 0.05) and the women spent relatively more time above MAP in the hilly sections (45 ± 4 vs. 32 ± 4%). The men’s running speed decreased significantly over the whole circuit, whereas the women slowed only over the uphill and downhill sections (P < 0.05). This study indicates that both female and male elite triathletes adopted similar positive pacing strategies during swimming and running legs. Men pushed the pace harder during the swim-to-cycle transition contrary to the women and female triathletes were more affected by changes in slope during the cycling and running phases.
Micky Wolfson's Cabinet of Wonders: From Private Passion to Public Purpose

Micky Wolfson is one of those larger than life characters who would probably have been more at home in the late 19th century than in our current age of dematerialization and electronic communication. He is a man who likes material things and has traveled far and wide to collect them. In 1984, the stocks he inherited from his father, a prominent real estate developer in the Miami area, were sold to an investment firm and Wolfson realized $84.5 million in cash, a sum which he used to accumulate more than 70,000 objects and 40,000 books and periodicals that now comprise the collection of the Wolfsonian Foundation in Miami Beach, Florida.' Wolfson began to cultivate the collector's instinct as a child when he amassed thousands of keys from hotels and ships' staterooms while traveling with his parents. At Princeton, he studied economics and European civilization and then, after graduate studies at Johns Hopkins, he entered the U.S. diplomatic corps. He was the American vice-consul in Genoa, Italy for five years, resigning in 1971 to begin his life as a full-time collector and man about the world. To better understand the nature of Wolfson's collecting instinct, we might consider the three categories of collecting devised by museologist Susan Pearce: systematics, fetishism, and souvenir collecting.2 Systematics, according to her, is an attempt to represent an ideology. As an example, she cites the Pitt-Rivers Museum in Oxford, England, which portrays the natural history of evolution. Fetishism, she says, is the removal of the object from its original historical and cultural context, and its recontextualization in terms of the collector's own interests. A good example would be William Randolph Hearst's accumulation of European decorative arts at San Simeon, his estate in southern California. Souvenir collecting is simply the gathering of objects on which the collector confers the mnemonic power to evoke personal memories of a place or time. 1 For additional information on Wolfson's life, the history of his collecting passion, and the founding of the Wolfsonian, see John Malcom Brinnin, "Mitchell Wolfson, Jr.: The Man and His Mission," The Journal of Decorative and Propaganda Arts (Fall 1988): 80-93; Tom Sustin, "A Gentleman and A Scholar," New Times (December 30, 1992-January 5, 1993): 1 1-12, 14, 18, 21-22; and John Dorschner, "What Hath Micky Bought?" The Herald Tropic (October 29, 1995): 6-16. 2 Pearce's categories are mentioned in John Windsor, "Identity Parades," in The Culture of Collecting, John Elsner and Roger Cardinal, eds. (Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 1994), 50.
A Petri Nets approach for hybrid systems modeling

— This paper focuses on the modeling of hybrid systems with autonomous commutation of the model generated by a hysteresis phenomenon through a particular Petri Nets structures, called Modified Petri Nets (MPN). The main goal of this approach is to get a formal description language for such hybrid systems, which combines the advantages of a graphical description with the possibility of a transparent visualization, simulation and analysis. Hence, several enhancements were proposed. The first of them combines the classical discrete Petri Net approach and the concept of continuous Petri Nets, having as result a class called Hybrid Petri Nets (HPN). In the second enhancement, the aspect of the system complexity was approached by introducing object oriented concepts, like encapsulation and information hiding. In this way, the resulting Hybrid Object Nets (HON) combines the advantages of Hybrid Petri Nets with those of the object-oriented paradigm. The proposed concepts are illustrated with a case study, which refers to a classical temperature control process in a room, using a thermostat with anticipative resistance.
Piano music transcription with fast convolutional sparse coding

Automatic music transcription (AMT) is the process of converting an acoustic musical signal into a symbolic musical representation, such as a MIDI file, which contains the pitches, the onsets and offsets of the notes and, possibly, their dynamics and sources (i.e., instruments). Most existing algorithms for AMT operate in the frequency domain, which introduces the well known time/frequency resolution trade-off of the Short Time Fourier Transform and its variants. In this paper, we propose a time-domain transcription algorithm based on an efficient convolutional sparse coding algorithm in an instrument-specific scenario, i.e., the dictionary is trained and tested on the same piano. The proposed method outperforms a current state-of-the-art AMT method by over 26% in F-measure, achieving a median F-measure of 93.6%, and drastically increases both time and frequency resolutions, especially for the lowest octaves of the piano keyboard.
Variation of Boyer-Moore String Matching Algorithm : A Comparative Analysis

String matching plays an important role in field of Computer Science and there are many algorithm of String matching, the important aspect is that which algorithm is to be used in which condition. BM(Boyer-Moore) algorithm is standard benchmark of string matching algorithm so here we explain the BM(Boyer-Moore) algorithm and then explain its improvement as BMH (Boyer-Moore-Horspool), BMHS (Boyer-Moore-Horspool-Sundays), BMHS2 (Boyer-MooreHorspool-Sundays 2), improved BMHS( improved BoyerMoore-Horspool-Sundays) ,BMI (Boyer-Moore improvement) and CBM (composite Boyer-Moore).And also analyze and compare them using a example and find which one is better in which conditions. Keywords-String Matching: BM; BMH; BMHS; BMHS2; improved BMHS; BMI; CBM
An Isolated Multiport DC–DC Converter for Simultaneous Power Management of Multiple Different Renewable Energy Sources

This paper proposes a new isolated multiport dc-dc converter for simultaneous power management of multiple renewable energy sources, which can be of different types and capacities. The proposed dc-dc converter only uses one controllable switch in each port to which a source is connected. Therefore, it has the advantages of simple topology and minimum number of power switches. A general topology of the proposed converter is first introduced. Its principle and operation are then analyzed. The proposed converter is applied for simultaneous maximum power point tracking (MPPT) control of a wind/solar hybrid generation system consisting of one wind turbine generator (WTG) and two different photovoltaic (PV) panels. The experimental results are provided to validate the effectiveness of using the proposed converter to achieve MPPT simultaneously for the WTG and both PV panels.
Sine Waveguide for 0.22-THz Traveling-Wave Tube

A novel slow-wave structure called sine waveguide has been proposed to develop a wideband high-power terahertz radiation source. The sine waveguide evolves from a rectangular waveguide oscillating with sinusoid along its longitudinal direction. This letter reports the electromagnetic characteristics of the sine waveguide and its effective surface plasmon amplification mechanism. From our calculation, this circuit structure possesses low ohmic losses and reflection and can be applied to produce terahertz waves ranging from 0.2 to 0.25 THz with several hundreds of watts. Moreover, the maximum gain and interaction efficiency may reach 37.7 dB and 9.6%, respectively.
Reliability and validity of the SF-12v2 in the medical expenditure panel survey

Evaluate the reliability and validity of the Medical Outcomes Study Short-Form version 2 (SF-12v2) in the 2003–2004 Medical Expenditure Panel Survey (MEPS). Data were collected in the self-administered mail-out questionnaire and face-to-face interviews of the MEPS (n = 20,661). Internal consistency and test–retest reliability and construct, discriminate, predictive and concurrent validity were tested. The EQ-5D, perceived health and mental health questions were used to test construct and discriminate validity. Self-reported work, physical and cognitive limits tested predictive validity and number of chronic conditions assessed concurrent validity. Both Mental Component Summary Scores (MCS) and Physical Component Summary Scores (PCS) were shown to have high internal consistency reliability (α > .80). PCS showed high test–retest reliability (ICC = .78) while MCS demonstrated moderate reliability (ICC = .60). PCS had high convergent validity for EQ-5D items (except self-care) and physical health status (r > .56). MCS demonstrated moderate convergent validity on EQ-5D and mental health items (r > .38). PCS distinguish between groups with different physical and work limitations. Similarly, MCS distinguished between groups with and without cognitive limitations. The MCS and PCS showed perfect dose response when variations in scores were examined by participant’s chronic condition status. Both component scores showed adequate reliability and validity with the 2003–2004 MEPS and should be suitable for use in a variety of proposes within this database.
Dynamic Assortment Optimization with a Multinomial Logit Choice Model and Capacity Constraint

The paper considers a stylized model of a dynamic assortment optimization problem, where given a limited capacity constraint, we must decide the assortment of products to offer to customers to maximize the profit. Our model is motivated by the problem faced by retailers of stocking products on a shelf with limited capacities and by the problem of placing a limited number of ads on a web page. We assume that each customer chooses to purchase the product (or to click on the ad) that maximizes her utility. We use the multinomial logit choice model to represent demand. However, we do not know the demand for each product. We can learn the demand distribution by offering different product assortments, observing resulting selections, and inferring the demand distribution from past selections and assortment decisions. We present an adaptive policy for joint parameter estimation and assortment optimization. To evaluate our proposed policy, we define a benchmark profit as the maximum expected profit that we can earn if we know the underlying demand distribution in advance. We show that the running average expected profit generated by our policy converges to the benchmark profit and establish its convergence rate. Numerical experiments based on sales data from an online retailer indicate that our policy performs well, generating over 90% of the optimal profit after less than two days of sales. 1. Motivation and Problem Formulation Companies have realized the importance of offering products that are tailored to the demand of customers in each region. For instance, Wal-mart stocks specific lines of clothes targeted exclusively to certain groups of customers (Zimmerman (2006)). Car manufacturers are well-known for ∗School of Operations Research and Information Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA. E-mail: paatrus@cornell.edu †Department of Industrial Engineering and Operations Research, University of California–Berkeley, 4129 Etcheverry Hall, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA. E-mail: shen@ieor.berkeley.edu ‡School of Operations Research and Information Engineering and Department of Computer Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA. E-mail: shmoys@cs.cornell.edu
Coeur en santé St-Henri--a heart health promotion programme in Montreal, Canada: design and methods for evaluation.

STUDY OBJECTIVE
This paper describes the objectives, design, and methods of evaluation of the impact of the coeur en santé St-Henri programme, as well as selected results from the evaluation to date. It discusses the possible effects of study design choices made to maintain the impact evaluation within budget.


DESIGN
The impact of the programme is evaluated in a community trial which compares the prevalence of cardiovascular disease behavioural risk factors before and after programme implementation in the intervention and a matched comparison community, in both longitudinal cohort and independent sample surveys. In addition, repeated independent sample surveys are conducted in the intervention community to monitor awareness of and participation in the programme.


PARTICIPANTS
The baseline sample for both the longitudinal cohort and independent sample surveys included 849 subjects from the intervention community (79.3% of 1071 eligible subjects--8.0% could not be contacted and 12.6% refused) and 825 subjects from the comparison community (77.8% of 1066 eligible subjects--6.6% could not be contacted and 15.6% refused). The two surveys on awareness and participation conducted to date, included 461 (71.0% of 649 eligible subjects) and 387 (67.9% of 570 eligible subjects) subjects respectively from the intervention community.


MEASUREMENTS
Baseline data for the longitudinal cohort and independent sample surveys on behavioural risk factor outcomes including use of tobacco, physical activity behaviour, high fat diet, and behaviours related to blood pressure and cholesterol control were collected in 35 minute telephone interviews in both the intervention and comparison communities. Data on awareness of and participation in the programme were collected in 10 minute interviews in the intervention community only in two independent sample surveys conducted seven and 22 months respectively after the baseline survey.


RESULTS
With the exception of smoking, the intervention and comparison communities were similar at baseline with regard to the prevalence of behavioural risk factors studied. Awareness of the coeur en santé programme increased from 64.1% in January 1993 to 72.9% 15 months later. Participation in the programme increased from 21.3% to 33.7%.


CONCLUSIONS
This paper presents background information on the evaluation of the impact of the coeur en santé programme, as a reference for future publications.
Development of a High-Speed Permanent-Magnet Brushless DC Motor for Driving Embroidery Machines

We describe the development of a permanent-magnet (PM) brushless DC motor for driving high-speed embroidery machines by employing advanced design and analysis techniques. In the design of the motor, magnetic field finite-element analyses accurately calculate the key motor parameters such as the air-gap flux, back electromotive force (EMF), and inductance. Using the numerical magnetic field solutions, a modified incremental energy method calculates the self and mutual inductances of the stator windings. A phasor diagram is derived to compute the motor's steady-state characteristics. To predict the dynamic performance and increase the prediction accuracy, a Simulink-based model simulates the motor performance with the real waveforms of applied phase voltage, back EMF, and current. The motor prototype tested with both a dynamometer and a high-speed embroidery machine validated the theoretical calculations.
Effects of therapeutic ultrasound and electrical stimulation program on pain, trunk muscle strength, disability, walking performance, quality of life, and depression in patients with low back pain: a randomized-controlled trial

The aim of this trial is to investigate and compare the effects of electrical stimulation (ES) program and ultrasound (US) therapy on pain, disability, trunk muscle strength, walking performance, spinal mobility, quality of life (QOL), and depression in the patients with chronic low back pain (CLBP). A total of 59 patients with definite CLBP were enrolled in this study. These patients were randomized into three groups. Group 1 (n = 20) was given an ES program and exercises. Group 2 (n = 19) was given an US treatment and exercises. Group 3 (n = 20) was accepted as the control group and was given only exercises. All of the programs were performed 3 days a week, for 6 weeks. The patients were evaluated according to pain, disability, walking performance, endurance, mobility, QOL, depression. The trunk muscle strength was measured with a hand-held dynamometer. All of the groups showed stastically significant improvements in pain, disability, muscle strength, endurance, walking performance, mobility, sub-scores of SF 36, and depression when compared with their initial status. The intergroup comparison showed significant difference in physical function, energy and social function sub-groups of SF-36, VAS pain, extensor muscle strength, between three groups. This difference was statistically significant in the groups 1 and 2 compared to the control group. There was also no significant difference between the groups 1 and 2. We observed that US treatment and ES treatment were effective in improving pain, isometric extensor muscle strength, and QOL in patients with CLBP.
Sensitization to horse allergens in Italy: a multicentre study in urban atopic subjects without occupational exposure.

BACKGROUND
Horses play a significant role in people's leisure time in Italy and other countries, but few data are available on IgE-mediated sensitization to horse allergens in patients without occupational exposure. We assessed, in a multicentric survey, the prevalence of horse sensitization in atopic subjects and its clinical characteristics.


METHODS
Allergists from the whole Italian territory were required to collect the results of skin prick tests from at least 100 consecutive subjects. Those patients with a positive skin test to horse dander underwent a detailed interview concerning clinical history, pet ownership and possible exposure.


RESULTS
Data from 3,235 outpatients were collected and 2,097 had at least 1 skin positivity. Among them, 113 (5.38%) were sensitized to horse dander (9 monosensitized). Thirty patients reported direct horse contact (4 owners and 26 for riding or occasional contact), 23 patients were sometimes in contact with horse owners and 60 subjects denied any direct or indirect exposure. Among 9 horse monosensitized patients, 6 had intermittent and mild rhinitis and 3 persistent moderate/severe rhinitis plus asthma. Three of them were horse owners or riders and the remaining had no contact with the animal.


CONCLUSIONS
Our data evidence that the rate of sensitization to horse dander is not negligible and probably underestimated. In susceptible, not occupationally exposed individuals, horse contact, but also indirect or no apparent exposure, may induce sensitization. We recommend inclusion of horse allergen in the routine panel for the diagnosis of respiratory allergy.
Forced Simple Recurrent Neural Networks and Grammatical Inference

A simple recurrent neural network (SRN) introduced by Elman [ 1990 ] can be trained to infer a regular grammar from the positive examples of symbol sequences generated by the grammar. The network is trained, through the back-propagation of error, to predict the next symbol in each sequence, as the symbols are presented successively as inputs to the network. The modes of prediction failure of the SRN architecture are investigated. The SRN's internal encoding of the context (the previous symbols of the sequence) is found to be insu ciently developed when a particular aspect of context is not required for the immediate prediction at some point in the input sequence, but is required later. It is shown that this mode of failure can be avoided by using the auto-associative recurrent network (AARN). The AARN architecture contains additional output units, which are trained to show the current input and the current context. The e ect of the size of the training set for grammatical inference is also considered. The SRN has been shown to be e ective when trained on an in nite (very large) set of positive examples [ Servan-Schreiber et al., 1991 ] . When a nite (small) set of positive training data is used, the SRN architectures demonstrate a lack of generalization capability. This problem is solved through a new training algorithm that uses both positive and negative examples of the sequences. Simulation results show that when there is restriction on the number of nodes in the hidden layers, the AARN succeeds in the cases where the SRN fails.