LLukas22/scidocs huggingface dataset:
Neonatal abstinence syndrome in European and North American neonates: differences in clinical characteristics derived from a prospective randomized trial.

BACKGROUND
Due to the steady increase of substance-dependent pregnant women the neonatal abstinence syndrome has become an increasingly important issue in neonatology. The present study investigates site-specific differences of detailed symptoms and treatment of neonatal abstinence syndrome within the context of an international multicenter clinical trial.


METHODS
Site specific neonatal data analyses from a prospective randomized, double-blind, double-dummy clinical trial (MOTHER study) was performed. A standardized NAS rating and treatment protocol was applied, while non-pharmacological care of NAS symptoms differed across the sites.


RESULTS
Urban US neonates exhibited most neurological symptoms (p<0.001) while in Europe autonomous, respiratory and gastrointestinal symptoms were found significantly more often compared to urban and/or rural US (p<0.05). Methadone produced significantly greater scores than buprenorphine in neurological, behavioural and respiratory symptoms regardless of the sites (ps<0.05). NAS treatment rates in all site clusters were similar for methadone-exposed neonates, while in Europe significantly more buprenorphine-exposed neonates were treated (p=0.001) than in US site clusters. Urban US neonates had significantly higher NAS scores (p<0.01) compared to rural US and European neonates, and needed significantly higher morphine doses (p<0.05) with longer treatment duration. Birth weight, length and head circumference did not differ significantly among the site clusters, but APGAR scores were significantly higher in European (p<0.01) neonates.


CONCLUSION
In addition to intrauterine medication exposure other aspects such as different addiction severity of the mothers, different treatment modalities including rooming-in as well as the frequency of NAS ratings may be influencing the course of NAS.
Transferrable Feature and Projection Learning with Class Hierarchy for Zero-Shot Learning

Zero-shot learning (ZSL) aims to transfer knowledge from seen classes to unseen ones so that the latter can be recognised without any training samples. This is made possible by learning a projection function between a feature space and a semantic space (e.g. attribute space). Considering the seen and unseen classes as two domains, a big domain gap often exists which challenges ZSL. Inspired by the fact that an unseen class is not exactly ‘unseen’ if it belongs to the same superclass as a seen class, we propose a novel inductive ZSL model that leverages superclasses as the bridge between seen and unseen classes to narrow the domain gap. Specifically, we first build a class hierarchy of multiple superclass layers and a single class layer, where the superclasses are automatically generated by data-driven clustering over the semantic representations of all seen and unseen class names. We then exploit the superclasses from the class hierarchy to tackle the domain gap challenge in two aspects: deep feature learning and projection function learning. First, to narrow the domain gap in the feature space, we integrate a recurrent neural network (RNN) defined with the superclasses into a convolutional neural network (CNN), in order to enforce the superclass hierarchy. Second, to A. Li and L. Wang The Key Laboratory of Machine Perception (MOE), School of Electronics Engineering and Computer Science, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China E-mail: lax@pku.edu.cn Z. Lu, J. Guan and J. Wen The Beijing Key Laboratory of Big Data Management and Analysis Methods, School of Information, Renmin University of China, Beijing 100872, China E-mail: zhiwu.lu@gmail.com T. Xiang The School of Electronic Engineering and Computer Science, Queen Mary University of London, Mile End Road, London E1 4NS, United Kingdom E-mail: t.xiang@qmul.ac.uk. further learn a transferrable projection function for ZSL, a novel projection function learning method is proposed by exploiting the superclasses to align the two domains. Importantly, our transferrable feature and projection learning methods can be easily extended to a closely related task – few-shot learning (FSL). Extensive experiments show that the proposed model significantly outperforms the state-ofthe-art alternatives in both ZSL and FSL tasks.
BioFed: federated query processing over life sciences linked open data

BACKGROUND
Biomedical data, e.g. from knowledge bases and ontologies, is increasingly made available following open linked data principles, at best as RDF triple data. This is a necessary step towards unified access to biological data sets, but this still requires solutions to query multiple endpoints for their heterogeneous data to eventually retrieve all the meaningful information. Suggested solutions are based on query federation approaches, which require the submission of SPARQL queries to endpoints. Due to the size and complexity of available data, these solutions have to be optimised for efficient retrieval times and for users in life sciences research. Last but not least, over time, the reliability of data resources in terms of access and quality have to be monitored. Our solution (BioFed) federates data over 130 SPARQL endpoints in life sciences and tailors query submission according to the provenance information. BioFed has been evaluated against the state of the art solution FedX and forms an important benchmark for the life science domain.


METHODS
The efficient cataloguing approach of the federated query processing system 'BioFed', the triple pattern wise source selection and the semantic source normalisation forms the core to our solution. It gathers and integrates data from newly identified public endpoints for federated access. Basic provenance information is linked to the retrieved data. Last but not least, BioFed makes use of the latest SPARQL standard (i.e., 1.1) to leverage the full benefits for query federation. The evaluation is based on 10 simple and 10 complex queries, which address data in 10 major and very popular data sources (e.g., Dugbank, Sider).


RESULTS
BioFed is a solution for a single-point-of-access for a large number of SPARQL endpoints providing life science data. It facilitates efficient query generation for data access and provides basic provenance information in combination with the retrieved data. BioFed fully supports SPARQL 1.1 and gives access to the endpoint's availability based on the EndpointData graph. Our evaluation of BioFed against FedX is based on 20 heterogeneous federated SPARQL queries and shows competitive execution performance in comparison to FedX, which can be attributed to the provision of provenance information for the source selection.


CONCLUSION
Developing and testing federated query engines for life sciences data is still a challenging task. According to our findings, it is advantageous to optimise the source selection. The cataloguing of SPARQL endpoints, including type and property indexing, leads to efficient querying of data resources over the Web of Data. This could even be further improved through the use of ontologies, e.g., for abstract normalisation of query terms.
Hydroxyapatite reinforced collagen scaffolds with improved architecture and mechanical properties.

Hydroxyapatite (HA) reinforced collagen scaffolds have shown promise for synthetic bone graft substitutes and tissue engineering scaffolds. Freeze-dried HA-collagen scaffolds are readily fabricated and have exhibited osteogenicity in vivo, but are limited by an inherent scaffold architecture that results in a relatively small pore size and weak mechanical properties. In order to overcome these limitations, HA-collagen scaffolds were prepared by compression molding HA reinforcements and paraffin microspheres within a suspension of concentrated collagen fibrils (∼ 180 mg/mL), cross-linking the collagen matrix, and leaching the paraffin porogen. HA-collagen scaffolds exhibited an architecture with high porosity (85-90%), interconnected pores ∼ 300-400 μm in size, and struts ∼ 3-100 μm in thickness containing 0-80 vol% HA whisker or powder reinforcements. HA reinforcement enabled a compressive modulus of up to ∼ 1 MPa, which was an order of magnitude greater than unreinforced collagen scaffolds. The compressive modulus was also at least one order of magnitude greater than comparable freeze-dried HA-collagen scaffolds and two orders of magnitude greater than absorbable collagen sponges used clinically. Moreover, scaffolds reinforced with up to 60 vol% HA exhibited fully recoverable elastic deformation upon loading to 50% compressive strain for at least 100,000 cycles. Thus, the scaffold mechanical properties were well-suited for surgical handling, fixation, and bearing osteogenic loads during bone regeneration. The scaffold architecture, permeability, and composition were shown to be conducive to the infiltration and differentiation of adipose-derive stromal cells in vitro. Acellular scaffolds were demonstrated to induce angiogenesis and osteogenesis after subcutaneous ectopic implantation by recruiting endogenous cell populations, suggesting that the scaffolds were osteoinductive.
From Brexit to Trump: Social Media’s Role in Democracy

The ability to share, access, and connect facts and opinions among like-minded (and not so) citizens has encouraged wholesale political adoption of platforms like Twitter and Facebook. Yet our ability to understand the impact that social networks have had on the democratic process is currently very limited. The authors analyze the role social media played in the outcome of the 2016 US presidential election and the Brexit referendum.
The foundations of European industrialization: from the perspective of the world

This article explores and engages with debates concerning the relation between internal and external ‘Development’ amongst nations. Types, trajectories, and patterns of economic growth and social structuring are investigated. Centering modes of trading and fiscal linkage and flow, the author concludes that ‘a perspective from Europe’, rather than a narrower ‘British’ view, has wider implications for the rest of the world.
EXECUTION ANALYSIS OF LOAD BALANCING ALGORITHMS IN CLOUD C OMPUTING ENVIRONMENT

The concept oft Cloud computing has significantly changed the field of parallel and distributed computing systems today. Cloud computing enables a wide range of users to access distributed, scalable, virtualized hardware and/or software infrastructure over the Internet. Load balancing is a methodology to distribute workload across multiple computers, or other resources over the network links to achieve optimal resource utilization, maximize throughput, minimum response time, and avoid overload. With recent advent of technology, resource control or load balancing in cloud computing is main challenging issue. A few existing scheduling algorithms can maintain load balancing and provide better strategies through efficient job scheduling and resource allocation techniques as well. In order to gain maximum profits with optimized load balancing algorithms, it is necessary to utilize resources efficiently. This paper presents a review of a few load balancing algorithms or technique in cloud computing. The objective of this paper is to identify qualitative components for simulation in cloud environment and then based on these components, execution analysis of load balancing algorithms are also presented.
Inductance 101: Modeling and Extraction

Modeling magnetic interactions for on-chip interconnect has become an issue of great interest for inte-grated circuit design in recent years. This tutorial paper de-scribes the basic concepts of magnetic interaction, loop and partial inductance, along with some of the high frequency ef-fects such as skin and proximity effect.
Gadofosveset trisodium in the investigation of focal liver lesions in noncirrhotic liver: Early experience.

PURPOSE
To investigate enhancement of hepatic lesions with gadofosveset trisodium (Gdfos) (Ablavar) (blood pool agent) compared with the extracellular gadolinium contrast agent (EcGd) gadobutrol (Gadovist).


MATERIALS AND METHODS
The prospective study was approved by the Institutional Research Ethics Board with informed consent. Twelve patients underwent magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) with EcGd followed by MRI with Gdfos. For each agent qualitative analysis described the pattern of enhancement and quantitative analysis was performed using lesion-to-liver contrast-to-noise (CNR) ratio. Paired and unpaired Student's t-test used.


RESULTS
Twelve hemangiomas, four metastases, one cyst, two focal nodular hyperplasia (FNH), and three adenomas were found. Cyst, FNH, adenomas, and hemangiomas demonstrated the classic pattern of enhancement with both agents. Hemangiomas demonstrated retention of contrast with both agents and their CNR was not statistically different (P > 0.05). Metastases demonstrated retention of contrast on delayed phase with EcGd. Retention of contrast was not seen in metastases with Gdfos. CNR of metastases with Gdfos was statistically lower than CNR of metastases with EcGd (P = 0.005). CNR of hemangiomata and metastases on delayed phase were significantly different (P = 0.0008) with Gdfos, but similar with EcGd (P = 0.4).


CONCLUSION
Hemangiomas accumulate Gdfos on delayed phase and metastases do not, a key additional differentiating feature. Liver imaging with Gdfos may improve characterization of liver lesions.
Pantoprazole versus ranitidine in the treatment of duodenal ulcer: a multicenter study in Brazil

OBJECTIVE:The aim of this study was to compare the effectiveness and tolerance of pantoprazole versus ranitidine in the treatment of duodenal ulcers in the Brazilian population.METHODS:A total of 222 patients with active duodenal ulcers (DU) were randomly allocated to a double dummy blind treatment, either with ranitidine (RAN) 300 mg (111, aged from 20–68 yr old, 56 female) or with pantoprazole (PANT) 40 mg (111 patients, 18–70 yr old, 45 female). After a 2-wk course of treatment, each patient was clinically and endoscopically assessed for ulcer healing. Failure to heal required a further 2-wk course of treatment and a new evaluation thereafter.RESULTS:In all, 77 of the 103 patients in the PANT group (74.8%) and 42 of the 94 patients in the RAN group (44.7%) who completed the study had ulcer healing after one 2-wk treatment course, and an additional 23 in the PANT group (22.3%) and 28 in the RAN group (29.8%) after the second 2-wk treatment course, totaling 100 (97.1%) and 70 (74.5%), respectively. Therapeutic gain in favor of pantoprazole was significant both at the end of the first and the second 2-wk treatment course (p < 0.001). At 2 wk, symptoms remission was significantly higher in the PANT group (97.6%) than with the RAN group (77.5%) (p < 0.001). The Intention-to-treat analysis showed results statistically similar to those observed in the per-protocol analysis. Minor adverse events were reported by four patients in the PANT group and three in the RAN group. No relevant laboratory abnormalities were seen. No patient withdrew from the study due to adverse events.CONCLUSIONS:Our results show that pantoprazole is more effective than ranitidine in the treatment of duodenal ulcer providing faster ulcer healing in most patients (97.1%), in 4 wk. Adverse events were rare and were similar in both groups, and had no influence on the therapeutic outcome.
A neuroprosthesis for tremor management through the control of muscle co-contraction

Pathological tremor is the most prevalent movement disorder. Current treatments do not attain a significant tremor reduction in a large proportion of patients, which makes tremor a major cause of loss of quality of life. For instance, according to some estimates, 65% of those suffering from upper limb tremor report serious difficulties during daily living. Therefore, novel forms for tremor management are required. Since muscles intrinsically behave as a low pass filter, and tremor frequency is above that of volitional movements, the authors envisioned the exploitation of these properties as a means of developing a novel treatment alternative. This treatment would rely on muscle co-contraction for tremor management, similarly to the strategy employed by the intact central nervous system to stabilize a limb during certain tasks. We implemented a neuroprosthesis that regulated the level of muscle co-contraction by injecting current at a pair of antagonists through transcutaneous neurostimulation. Co-contraction was adapted to the instantaneous parameters of tremor, which were estimated from the raw recordings of a pair of solid state gyroscopes with a purposely designed adaptive algorithm. For the experimental validation, we enrolled six patients suffering from parkinsonian or essential tremor of different severity, and evaluated the effect of the neuroprosthesis during standard tasks employed for neurological examination. The neuroprosthesis attained significant attenuation of tremor (p<0.001), and reduced its amplitude up to a 52.33±25.48%. Furthermore, it alleviated both essential and parkinsonian tremor in spite of their different etiology and symptomatology. Tremor severity was not a limiting factor on the performance of the neuroprosthesis, although there was a subtle trend towards larger attenuation of more severe tremors. Tremor frequency was not altered during neurostimulation, as expected from the central origin of Parkinson’s disease and essential tremor. All patients showed a good tolerance to neurostimulation in terms of comfort and absence of pain, and some spontaneously reported that they felt that tremor was reduced when the neuroprosthesis was activated. The results presented herein demonstrate that the neuroprosthesis provides systematic attenuation of the two major types of tremor, irrespectively from their severity. This study sets the basis for the validation of the neuroprosthesis as an alternative, non-invasive means for tremor management.
Using IT governance and COBIT to deliver value with IT and respond to legal, regulatory and compliance challenges

With Sarbanes–Oxley and other legislation, securing IT within a company has become law. This article takes a look at how compliance legislation can be used to get more support from the Board when it comes to security issues, and how information assets still need to be protected further. a 2006 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Zika virus-like particle (VLP) based vaccine

The newly emerged mosquito-borne Zika virus poses a major public challenge due to its ability to cause significant birth defects and neurological disorders. The impact of sexual transmission is unclear but raises further concerns about virus dissemination. No specific treatment or vaccine is currently available, thus the development of a safe and effective vaccine is paramount. Here we describe a novel strategy to assemble Zika virus-like particles (VLPs) by co-expressing the structural (CprME) and non-structural (NS2B/NS3) proteins, and demonstrate their effectiveness as vaccines. VLPs are produced in a suspension culture of mammalian cells and self-assembled into particles closely resembling Zika viruses as shown by electron microscopy studies. We tested various VLP vaccines and compared them to analogous compositions of an inactivated Zika virus (In-ZIKV) used as a reference. VLP immunizations elicited high titers of antibodies, as did the In-ZIKV controls. However, in mice the VLP vaccine stimulated significantly higher virus neutralizing antibody titers than comparable formulations of the In-ZIKV vaccine. The serum neutralizing activity elicited by the VLP vaccine was enhanced using a higher VLP dose and with the addition of an adjuvant, reaching neutralizing titers greater than those detected in the serum of a patient who recovered from a Zika infection in Brazil in 2015. Discrepancies in neutralization levels between the VLP vaccine and the In-ZIKV suggest that chemical inactivation has deleterious effects on neutralizing epitopes within the E protein. This along with the inability of a VLP vaccine to cause infection makes it a preferable candidate for vaccine development.
Translation and validation of the parent-adolescent communication scale: technology for DST/HIV prevention.

OBJECTIVES
accomplishment of the transcultural adaptation of the Parent-adolescent Communication Scale, which evaluates the frequency of communication between parents and children concerning the subjects related to sex, condom, DST, HIV and pregnancy.


METHOD
Methodological research of quantitative approach, accomplished with 313 adolescent pupils of the feminine sex in the 14 to 18 year age group in Fortaleza-CE. The content validity was carried through by means of the initial translation, back translation, pre-final version and final version, being analyzed by a committee of specialists; the reliability was verified by the Cronbach's Alpha and ascertained by testing the hypotheses and test-retest within five weeks. The scale was applied via computer in the online modality in the period November/2010 to January/2011.


RESULTS
The version of the instrument in Portuguese presented an Alpha of 0.86 regarding the validity of the structure, was partially verified since the testing of the hypotheses of the contracted group was not confirmed.


CONCLUSION
The version of the instrument adapted for Portuguese is considered valid and reliable in the study sample.
The Inter-cloud Meta-scheduling (ICMS) Framework

This work covers the inter-cloud meta-scheduling system that encompasses the essential components of the interoperable cloud setting for wide service dissemination. The study herein illustrates a set of distributed and decentralized operations by highlighting meta-computing characteristics. This is achieved by using meta-brokers that determine a middle-standing component for orchestrating the decision making process in order to select the most appropriate datacenter resource among collaborated clouds. The selection is based on heuristic performance criteria (e.g. the service execution time, latency, energy efficiency etc.). Our solution is more advanced when compared to conventional centralized schemes, as it offers robust real-time scalable, elastic and flexible service scheduling in a fully decentralized and dynamic manner. Similarly, issues related with bottleneck on multiple service requests, heterogeneity, information exposition and consideration of variation of workloads are of prime focus. In view of that, the whole process is based upon random service requests from users that are clients of a sub-cloud of an inter-cloud datacenter and access is done via a meta-broker. The inter-cloud facility distributes the request for service by enclosing each personalized service into a host virtual machine. The study presents a detailed discussion of the algorithmic model for demonstrating the whole service dissemination, allocation, execution and monitoring process along with the preliminary implementation and configuration on a proposed SimIC simulation framework.
A survey of fuzzy web mining

The Internet has become an unlimited resource of knowledge, and is thus widely used in many applications. Web mining plays an important role in discovering such knowledge. This mining can be roughly divided into three categories, including Web usage mining, Web content mining, and Web structure mining. Data and knowledge on the Web may, however, consist of imprecise, incomplete, and uncertain data. Because fuzzy-set theory is often used to handle such data, several fuzzy Web-mining techniques have been proposed to reveal fuzzy and linguistic knowledge. This paper reviews these techniques according to the three Web-mining categories above—fuzzy Web usage mining, fuzzy Web content mining, and fuzzy Web structure mining. Some representative approaches in each category are introduced and compared. C © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.