LLukas22/scidocs huggingface dataset:
Electromyography (EMG) accuracy compared to muscle biopsy in childhood.

Reports show wide variability of electromyography (EMG) in detecting pediatric neuromuscular disorders. The study's aim was to determine EMG/nerve conduction study accuracy compared to muscle biopsy and final clinical diagnosis, and sensitivity for myopathic motor unit potential detection in childhood. Of 550 EMG/nerve conduction studies performed by the same examiner from a pediatric neuromuscular service, 27 children (ages 6 days to 16 years [10 boys; M:F, 1:1.7]) with muscle biopsies and final clinical diagnoses were compared retrospectively. Final clinical diagnoses were congenital myopathies (5 of 27,18%), nonspecific myopathies (biopsy myopathic, final diagnosis uncertain; 6 of 27, 22%), congenital myasthenic syndrome (3 of 27, 11%), juvenile myasthenia gravis (1 of 27, 4%), arthrogryposis multiplex congenita (2 of 27, 7%), hereditary motor and sensory neuropathy (1 of 27, 4%), bilateral peroneal neuropathies (1 of 27, 4%), and normal (8 of 27, 30%). There were no muscular dystrophy or spinal muscular atrophy patients. EMG/nerve conduction studies had a 74% agreement with final clinical diagnoses and 100% agreement in neurogenic, neuromuscular junction, and normal categories. Muscle biopsies concurred with final diagnoses in 87%, and 100% in myopathic and normal categories. In congenital myasthenic syndrome, muscle biopsies showed mild variation in fiber size in 2 of 3 children and were normal in 1 of 3. EMG sensitivity for detecting myopathic motor unit potentials in myopathies was 4 of 11 (36%), greater over 2 years of age (3 of 4, 75%), compared to infants less than 2 years (1 of 7, 14%), not statistically significant (P = .0879). EMGs false-negative for myopathy in infants < 2 years of age were frequently neurogenic (3 of 6, 50%). In congenital myopathies EMG detected myopathic motor unit potentials in 40%, with false-negative results neurogenic (20%) or normal (40%). Because our study has no additional tests for active myopathies, for example Duchenne muscular dystrophy genetic testing, our sensitivity for myopathies is lower than if we used a more global view. In conclusion, EMG detection rate of myopathic motor unit potentials at a young age was low, improving in children over 2 years of age. In neurogenic and neuromuscular junction disorders, the EMG has a very high detection rate. In children with mild to moderate neurogenic EMG findings and normal nerve conduction, a myopathy should always be considered.
Deterministic and stochastic optimal inventory control with logistic stock-dependent demand rate

Abstract: It has been suggested by many supply chain practitioners that in certain cases inventory can have a stimulating effect on the demand. In mathematical terms this amounts to the demand being a function of the inventory level alone. In this work we propose a logistic growth model for the inventory dependent demand rate and solve first the continuous time deterministic optimal control problem of maximising the present value of the total net profit over an infinite horizon. It is shown that under a strict condition there is a unique optimal stock level which the inventory planner should maintain in order to satisfy demand. The stochastic version of the optimal control problem is considered next. A bang-bang type of optimal control problem is formulated and the associated Hamilton-Jacobi-Bellman equation is solved. The inventory level that signifies a switch in the ordering strategy is worked out in the stochastic case.
Guiding low back claimants to work: a randomized controlled trial.

STUDY DESIGN
A single-blinded, randomized controlled trial.


OBJECTIVE
To determine the impact of information and advice during a disability evaluation by medical advisers on the return to work (RTW) rate and recurrence of sick leave of claimants with low back pain (LBP).


SUMMARY OF BACKGROUND DATA
There is evidence on the importance of advice during the course of subacute LBP. The effect of informative interventions on RTW rates in workers receiving sickness benefit is not clear.


METHODS
A total of 506 claimants with LBP were randomly assigned to the control group (disability evaluation) or the intervention group (combined counseling and disability evaluation). RTW, sick leave recurrence, subsequent surgery, and sick leave duration were measured during a 12-month follow-up.


RESULTS
Patients who were provided information and advice showed a higher RTW rate, which was statistically significant at 1 year. That result is mainly attributable to the lower relapse rate in the intervention group (38%) than in the control group (60%). There were no differences between the 2 groups regarding subsequent surgery for LBP and duration of sick leave.


CONCLUSION
Claimants should be routinely reassured and advised about LBP to allow early and safe RTW during a disability evaluation before any side effects of being sick-listed have settled.
An experimental study of a lane departure warning system based on the optical flow and Hough transform methods

The use of rumble strips on roads can provide drivers lane departure warning (LDW). However, rumble strips require an infrastructure and do not exist on a majority of roadways. Therefore, it is very desirable to have an effective in-vehicle LDW system to detect when the driver is in danger of departing the road and then triggers an alarm to warn the driver early enough to take corrective action. This paper presents the development of an image-based LDW system using the Lucas-Kanade (L-K) optical flow and the Hough transform methods. Our approach integrates both techniques to establish an operation algorithm to determine whether a warning signal should be issued based on the status of the vehicle deviating from its heading lane. The L-K optical flow tracking is used when the lane boundaries cannot be detected, while the lane detection technique is used when they become available. Even though both techniques are used in the system, only one method is activated at any given time because each technique has its own advantages and also disadvantages. The developed LDW system was road tested on several rural highways and also one section of the interstate I35 freeway. Overall, the system operates correctly as expected with a false alarm occurred only roughly about 1.18% of the operation time. This paper presents the system implementation together with our findings. Key-Words: Lane departure warning, Lucas-Kanade optical flow, Hough transform.
Pre-consultation educational group intervention to improve shared decision-making in postmastectomy breast reconstruction: study protocol for a pilot randomized controlled trial

BACKGROUND
The Pre-Consultation Educational Group INTERVENTION pilot study seeks to assess the feasibility and inform the optimal design for a definitive randomized controlled trial that aims to improve the quality of decision-making in postmastectomy breast reconstruction patients.


METHODS/DESIGN
This is a mixed-methods pilot feasibility randomized controlled trial that will follow a single-center, 1:1 allocation, two-arm parallel group superiority design.


SETTING
The University Health Network, a tertiary care cancer center in Toronto, Canada.


PARTICIPANTS
Adult women referred to one of three plastic and reconstructive surgeons for delayed breast reconstruction or prophylactic mastectomy with immediate breast reconstruction.


INTERVENTION
We designed a multi-disciplinary educational group workshop that incorporates the key components of shared decision-making, decision-support, and psychosocial support for cancer survivors prior to the initial surgical consult. The intervention consists of didactic lectures by a plastic surgeon and nurse specialist on breast reconstruction choices, pre- and postoperative care; a value-clarification exercise led by a social worker; and discussions with a breast reconstruction patient.


CONTROL
Usual care includes access to an informational booklet, website, and patient volunteer if desired.


OUTCOMES
Expected pilot outcomes include feasibility, recruitment, and retention targets. Acceptability of intervention and full trial outcomes will be established through qualitative interviews. Trial outcomes will include decision-quality measures, patient-reported outcomes, and service outcomes, and the treatment effect estimate and variability will be used to inform the sample size calculation for a full trial.


DISCUSSION
Our pilot study seeks to identify the (1) feasibility, acceptability, and design of a definitive RCT and (2) the optimal content and delivery of our proposed educational group intervention. Thirty patients have been recruited to date (8 April 2013), of whom 15 have been randomized to one of three decision support workshops. The trial will close as planned in May 2013.


TRIAL REGISTRATION
NCT01857882.
The Changing Nature of the Science of Vocational Psychology.

Abstract The purpose of this piece is to address the future of vocational psychology in the next decade. In the pursuit of this goal three major areas are discussed: person–environment psychology, vocational psychology and personality, and differing philosophies of science. The viability of the person–environment concept continues to be visible in the work of a number of theorists. There is a compelling need for vocational psychology to expand perspective and evaluate alternative person–environment models in investigating occupational choice and work adjustment. On the topic of vocational psychology and personality, there is a strong need for research that seeks to understand commonalities across the domains of interests, self-efficacy, personality, goals, and subjective well-being. On the issue of differing philosophies of science, the fact remains that we need both traditional quantitative and qualitative research philosophies and methodologies to facilitate discovery and justification in the science of vocational psychology.
Control Strategy on Doubly Fed Induction Generator Using PSIM

This paper deals with doubly fed induction generator control strategy. This paper includes the results performed in PSIM-9 software such as Performance comparison of output voltage under different loading conditions and output power. Keywords— Doubly Fed Induction Generator (DFIG), variable speed wind turbine
Advances in type-2 fuzzy sets and systems

In this state-of-the-art paper, important advances that have been made during the past five years for both general and interval type-2 fuzzy sets and systems are described. Interest in type-2 subjects is worldwide and touches on a broad range of applications and many interesting theoretical topics. The main focus of this paper is on the theoretical topics, with descriptions of what they are, what has been accomplished, and what remains to be done. 2006 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
Evaluation of the Simplify D-dimer assay as a screening test for the diagnosis of deep vein thrombosis in an emergency department.

OBJECTIVES
To evaluate the use in an emergency department of a new D-dimer assay (Simplify D-dimer) as a screening test for deep vein thrombosis (DVT).


METHODS
187 outpatients with clinical features suspicious of acute DVT were entered into this study. A Simplify D-dimer test was performed in the emergency department on all patients. A SimpliRED D-dimer test and a semi-automated latex agglutination assay (Auto-D-dimer 700 on a Thromboscreen 400C analyser) were performed in the haematology laboratory. All patients were investigated with contrast venography to confirm or exclude the diagnosis of DVT.


RESULTS
The Simplify test had a sensitivity of 94.1% and a negative predictive value (NPV) of 94.8%. These results compared favourably with the SimpliRED test (sensitivity 74.5%, NPV 89.7%) and the latex agglutination assay (sensitivity 90.2%, NPV 92.2%). This increased sensitivity was at the cost of a lower specificity, the specificity of the three d-dimer tests being Simplify 40.4%, SimpliRED 83.1%, and latex agglutination 43.4%.


CONCLUSIONS
Simplify proved to be a rapid and easy to use test and may be useful for use in the emergency department as part of a diagnostic algorithm for deep vein thrombosis. Further larger scale studies are needed.
Comparison Studies of Three Freshwater Rivers (Cauvery, Bhavani and Noyyal) in Tamilnadu, India

(Received: June 17, 2010; Accepted: October 26, 2010) Abstract: Assessment of some physico chemical and microbial parameters of the water bodies of three rivers (Cauvery, Bhavani and Noyyal) which is suitable for human consumption have been carried out during the period of one year (September 2007 to August 2008). Analysis of some physico-chemical characteristics like water temperature, colour, electrical conductivity, transparency, total suspended solids, total dissolved solids, pÇ, dissolved oxygen, BOD, total alkalinity; total hardness has been done during the investigation period. Increases in temperature, turbidity, electrical conductivity, total solids, PH, bicarbonate, COD values were higher in Noyyal river followed by Cauvery river. The increase dissolved oxygen; BOD values were higher in Bhavani river. Study indicates the rivers were largely pollution by anthropogenic performance due to industrial effluents, municipal sewage, religious credence and subject to amend owed to seasons, climate and flows and influx of waters from various tributaries. In addition present study point out that the river Noyyal facing severe anthropogenic followed by Cauvery and Bhavani.
Capturing and rendering geometry details for BTF-mapped surfaces

Bidirectional texture functions, or BTFs, accurately model reflectance variation at a fine (meso-) scale as a function of lighting and viewing direction. BTFs also capture view-dependent visibility variation, also called masking or parallax, but only within surface contours. Mesostructure detail is neglected at silhouettes, so BTF-mapped objects retain the coarse shape of the underlying model. We augment BTF rendering to obtain approximate mesoscale silhouettes. Our new representation, the 4D mesostructure distance function (MDF), tabulates the displacement from a reference frame where a ray first intersects the mesoscale geometry beneath as a function of ray direction and ray position along that reference plane. Given an MDF, the mesostructure silhouette can be rendered with a per-pixel depth peeling process on graphics hardware, while shading and local parallax are handled by the BTF. Our approach allows real-time rendering, handles complex, non-height-field mesostructure, requires that no additional geometry be sent to the rasterizer other than the mesh triangles, is more compact than textured visibility representations used previously, and, for the first time, can be easily measured from physical samples. We also adapt the algorithm to capture detailed shadows cast both by and onto BTF-mapped surfaces. We demonstrate the efficiency of our algorithm on a variety of BTF data, including real data acquired using our BTF–MDF measurement system.
Application of hybrid heuristic optimization algorithms for solving optimal regional dispatch of energy and reserve considering the social welfare of the participating markets

Market integration allows increasing the social welfare of a given society. In most markets, integration also raises the social welfare of the participating markets (partakers). However, electricity markets have complexities such as transmission network congestion and requirements of power reserve that could lead to a decrease in the social welfare of some partakers. The social welfare reduction of partakers, if it occurs, would surely be a hindrance to the development of regional markets, since participants are usually national systems. This paper shows a new model for the regional dispatch of energy and reserve, and proposes as constraints that the social welfare of partakers does not decrease with respect to that obtained from the isolated optimal operation. These social welfare constraints are characterized by their stochastic nature and their dependence on the energy price of different operating states. The problem is solved by the combination of two optimization models (hybrid optimization): A linear model embedded within a meta-heuristic algorithm, which is known as the swarm version of the Means Variance Mapping Optimization (MVMOS). MVMOS allows incorporating the stochastic nature of social welfare constraints through a dynamic penalty scheme, which considers the fulfillment degree along with the dynamics of the search process. & 2016 Published by Elsevier B.V. 67 68 69 70 71 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80 81 82 83 84 85 86 87 88
A randomized controlled trial of exercise and manipulative therapy for cervicogenic headache.

STUDY DESIGN
A multicenter, randomized controlled trial with unblinded treatment and blinded outcome assessment was conducted. The treatment period was 6 weeks with follow-up assessment after treatment, then at 3, 6, and 12 months.


OBJECTIVES
To determine the effectiveness of manipulative therapy and a low-load exercise program for cervicogenic headache when used alone and in combination, as compared with a control group.


SUMMARY OF BACKGROUND DATA
Headaches arising from cervical musculoskeletal disorders are common. Conservative therapies are recommended as the first treatment of choice. Evidence for the effectiveness of manipulative therapy is inconclusive and available only for the short term. There is no evidence for exercise, and no study has investigated the effect of combined therapies for cervicogenic headache.


METHODS
In this study, 200 participants who met the diagnostic criteria for cervicogenic headache were randomized into four groups: manipulative therapy group, exercise therapy group, combined therapy group, and a control group. The primary outcome was a change in headache frequency. Other outcomes included changes in headache intensity and duration, the Northwick Park Neck Pain Index, medication intake, and patient satisfaction. Physical outcomes included pain on neck movement, upper cervical joint tenderness, a craniocervical flexion muscle test, and a photographic measure of posture.


RESULTS
There were no differences in headache-related and demographic characteristics between the groups at baseline. The loss to follow-up evaluation was 3.5%. At the 12-month follow-up assessment, both manipulative therapy and specific exercise had significantly reduced headache frequency and intensity, and the neck pain and effects were maintained (P < 0.05 for all). The combined therapies was not significantly superior to either therapy alone, but 10% more patients gained relief with the combination. Effect sizes were at least moderate and clinically relevant.


CONCLUSION
Manipulative therapy and exercise can reduce the symptoms of cervicogenic headache, and the effects are maintained.
Memory forensics: The path forward

Traditionally, digital forensics focused on artifacts located on the storage devices of computer systems, mobile phones, digital cameras, and other electronic devices. In the past decade, however, researchers have created a number of powerful memory forensics tools that expand the scope of digital forensics to include the examination of volatile memory as well. While memory forensic techniques have evolved from simple string searches to deep, structured analysis of application and kernel data structures for a number of platforms and operating systems, much research remains to be done. This paper surveys the state-of-the-art in memory forensics, provide critical analysis of current-generation techniques, describe important changes in operating systems design that impact memory forensics, and sketches important areas for further research. © 2017 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Fingerprint biometric based Access Control and Classroom Attendance Management System

Fingerprint is a reliable biometric feature having a wide range of applications that require authentication. Person-specific verification is needed in many scenarios such as access-control, classroom attendance and financial transactions etc. In this paper, two applications of fingerprint biometric are proposed. An Access Control System (ACS) prototype is demonstrated for person-specific door access, using a fingerprinting device. Another prototype of a Classroom Attendance Management System (CAMS) is developed that uses fingerprint as biometric feature for classroom attendance. The CAMS consists of modules for database, web-user interface and views at multiple levels of access. Both systems are expected to mitigate the shortcomings of alternative existing systems, and eliminate the possibilities of spoofing or proxy. These systems store fingerprints along with the date/time-stamp for each user. Fingerprints are stored dynamically in a database for computing the different statistics, e.g., month-wise or semester-wise trends in the case of CAMS. The CAMS can also provide a solution to the problem of late-coming. Experiments are conducted for measuring the recognition accuracy, i.e., fingerprint match. The initial results of recognition accuracy at 87% for ACS and 92% for CAMS are encouraging. The proposed systems can be further scaled-up for real-time deployment, in applications such as employee attendance and controlled access to high-security areas etc.
A phase 2 study of sequential neoadjuvant chemotherapy with gemcitabine and doxorubicin followed by gemcitabine and cisplatin in patients with large or locally advanced operable breast cancer: results from long-term follow-up.

BACKGROUND
Neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NACT) is being increasingly used for patients with large-size operable breast cancer. This phase 2 study of sequential NACT with gemcitabine and doxorubicin (Gem + Dox) followed by gemcitabine and cisplatin (Gem + Cis) was conducted in women with large or locally advanced breast cancer. The objectives were to evaluate the pathological complete response (pCR) rate, toxicity, pathological and genetic markers predicting response, the proportion of patients undergoing breast conservation surgery, progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) after 5 years, and time to treatment failure (TtTF). In this manuscript, we report the long-term OS, PFS, and TtTF results.


METHODS
Female patients aged at least 18 years with large T2 (at least 3 cm) or locally advanced (T3, T4, or N2) breast carcinoma were included. Treatment consisted of 4 cycles of Gem + Dox (gemcitabine 1,200 mg/m(2) on days 1 and 8 plus doxorubicin 60 mg/m(2) on day 1 of each 21-day cycle), followed by 4 cycles of Gem + Cis (gemcitabine 1,000 mg/m(2) on days 1 and 8 plus cisplatin 70 mg/m(2) on day 1 of each 21-day cycle), and then surgery.


RESULTS
Sixty-five patients were enrolled. The pCR rate was 20%. The 5-year OS probability was 71% (95% CI 56-82%), and the 4-year PFS and TtTF probabilities were 63% (95% CI 48-74%) and 45% (95% CI 32-57%), respectively.


CONCLUSIONS
NACT with Gem + Dox followed by Gem + Cis was efficacious in patients with operable breast cancer.