LLukas22/scidocs huggingface dataset:
Achievement of insulin independence via pancreatic islet transplantation using a remote isolation center: a first-year review.

BACKGROUND
Owing to advances in both immunosuppressive protocols and pancreatic islet isolation techniques, insulin independence has recently been achieved in type 1 insulin-dependent diabetics (IDDM) via pancreatic islet transplantation (PIT). Although the dissemination of immunosuppressive protocols is relatively easy, transferring the knowledge and expertise required to isolate a large number of quality human islets for transplantation is a far greater challenge. Therefore, in an attempt to centralize the critical islet processing needed for islet transplantation and to avoid the development of another islet processing center, we have established a collaborative islet transplant program between two geographically distant transplant centers.


PATIENTS AND METHODS
Eleven consecutive type 1 IDDM patients with a history of severe hypoglycemia and metabolic instability underwent PIT at the Methodist Hospital (TMH) in Houston, Texas, utilizing pancreatic islets isolated at the Diabetes Research Institute (DRI) at the University of Miami in Miami, Florida between January 1, 2002 and June 31, 2003. Forty-one pancreata have been procured in the Houston area and have subsequently been transported for isolation at the DRI following enzymatic ductal perfusion by the automated method (Ricordi chamber). Following purification the islets were immediately transported back to TMH in Houston and transplanted via percutaneous transhepatic portal infusion. Immunosuppression regimen consisted of sirolimus, tacrolimus, and daclizumab.


RESULTS
Following harvesting, donor pancreata arrived at the DRI for initiation of the isolation process within 6.5 hours of cross-clamping (median time 5.4 hours; range 4.8 to 6.5 hours). The islets were immediately transported back to TMH for final sterility and viability tests and transplanted via percutaneous transhepatic portal vein infusion. The harvesting of 41 pancreata has yielded a number of pancreatic islets sufficient for transplantation (>5000 IEQ/kg recipient body weight) 26 times (63% of harvested pancreata). Thus far, three patients have received three PITs and eight patients have received two PITs. Six remain insulin independent. All have experienced a decrease in serum hemoglobin A(1c) levels, and both basal and stimulated C-peptide levels have increased. There have been no major complications related to the procedure or the immunosuppressive regimen used.


CONCLUSIONS
Our series demonstrates that pancreatic islets isolated at a remote isolation center can successfully and safely be used for PIT and the achievement of insulin independence.
Multicenter randomized controlled trial of pediatric constraint-induced movement therapy: 6-month follow-up.

OBJECTIVE
Pediatric constraint-induced movement therapy (CIMT) is a promising intervention for children with unilateral cerebral palsy (CP). This multisite randomized controlled trial (RCT) tested the hypothesis that 6 hr versus 3 hr per day for 21 days would produce larger maintenance of gains 6 mo posttreatment.


METHOD
Three sites recruited 18 children (6 per site) ages 3-6 yr with unilateral CP. Children were randomly assigned 3 to 6 hr/day of CIMT for 21 days and wore a cast on the unaffected extremity the first 18 days. Occupational therapists applied a standardized pediatric CIMT protocol. Evaluators blinded to condition administered the ASsisted Hand Assessment and the Quality of Upper Extremity Skills Test, and parents completed the Pediatric Motor Activity Log pre- and posttreatment (1 wk, 1 mo, and 6 mo).


RESULTS
Both CIMT dosage groups showed significant gains on all five assessments with no significant group differences at 6 mo follow-up. Effect sizes (n = 15) comparing preintervention to postintervention measures (partial η2) ranged from .33 to .80.


CONCLUSION
The first multisite RCT of pediatric CIMT confirmed the maintenance of positive effects at 6 mo follow-up across multiple functional performance measures. The hypothesis that maintenance of effects would differ for children who received 6 versus 3 hr/day of CIMT (126 vs. 63 total hr) was not supported.
Associations of Protein Intake and Protein Source with Bone Mineral Density and Fracture Risk: A Population-Based Cohort Study.

UNLABELLED
High dietary protein has been hypothesized to cause lower bone mineral density (BMD) and greater fracture risk. Previous results are conflicting and few studies have assessed potential differences related to differing protein sources.


OBJECTIVE
To determine associations between total protein intake, and protein intake by source (dairy, non-dairy animal, plant) with BMD, BMD change, and incident osteoporotic fracture.


DESIGN/SETTING
Prospective cohort study (Canadian Multicentre Osteoporosis Study). Participants/Measures: Protein intake was assessed as percent of total energy intake (TEI) at Year 2 (1997-99) using a food frequency questionnaire (N=6510). Participants were contacted annually to ascertain incident fracture. Total hip and lumbar spine BMD was measured at baseline and Year 5. Analyses were stratified by group (men 25-49 y, men 50+ y, premenopausal women 25-49 y, and postmenopausal women 50+ y) and adjusted for major confounders. Fracture analyses were limited to those 50+ y.


RESULTS
Intakes of dairy protein (with adjustment for BMI) were positively associated with total hip BMD among men and women aged 50+ y, and in men aged 25-49. Among adults aged 50+ y, those with protein intakes of <12% TEI (women) and <11% TEI (men) had increased fracture risk compared to those with intakes of 15% TEI. Fracture risk did not significantly change as intake increased above 15% TEI, and was not significantly associated with protein source.


CONCLUSIONS
In contrast to hypothesized risk of high protein, we found that for adults 50+ y, low protein intake (below 15% TEI) may lead to increased fracture risk. Source of protein was a determinant of BMD, but not fracture risk.
Desvenlafaxine 50 and 100 mg/d versus placebo for the treatment of major depressive disorder: a phase 4, randomized controlled trial.

OBJECTIVE
To assess short-term efficacy and safety of desvenlafaxine 50 and 100 mg/d versus placebo for treating major depressive disorder (MDD). Assessment of sexual function was a secondary objective.


METHOD
Outpatients (≥ 18 years) who met criteria for MDD from the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fourth Edition, Text Revision and had screening and baseline 17-item Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HDRS17) total scores ≥ 20 were randomly assigned to placebo or desvenlafaxine 50 or 100 mg/d in an 8-week study conducted from October 2011 to August 2012. The primary efficacy end point was change from baseline in HDRS17 total score at week 8, analyzed using a mixed-effects model for repeated measures. Sexual function was assessed using the Arizona Sexual Experiences Scale (ASEX).


RESULTS
The safety population included 909 patients (intent-to-treat population, n = 886). Significantly greater improvement in adjusted mean HDRS17 total score from baseline to week 8 was observed for desvenlafaxine 50 mg (-11.28; P = .006) and desvenlafaxine 100 mg (-11.67; P < .001) compared with placebo (-9.71), with adjustment for multiplicity. In the ASEX total score analysis (n = 422), the treatment by gender interaction was not significant; thus, genders were combined for subsequent analyses. Comparisons for desvenlafaxine versus placebo for change from baseline in ASEX total and all item scores found P > .05, with no adjustment for multiplicity. Rates of sexual dysfunction based on ASEX were comparable among treatment groups.


CONCLUSIONS
These results support previous findings demonstrating antidepressant efficacy, safety, and tolerability of desvenlafaxine 50 and 100 mg/d versus placebo. Sexual function was comparable between desvenlafaxine and placebo.


TRIAL REGISTRATION
ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT01432457.
User acceptance of a G2B system: a case of electronic procurement system in Malaysia

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to determine the factors that influence the intention to use and actual usage of a G2B system such as electronic procurement system (EPS) by various ministries in the Government of Malaysia. Design/methodology/approach – The research uses an extension of DeLone and McLean’s model of IS success by including trust, facilitating conditions, and web design quality. The model is tested using an empirical approach. A questionnaire was designed and responses from 358 users from various ministries were collected and analyzed using structural equation modeling (SEM). Findings – The findings of the study indicate that: perceived usefulness, perceived ease of use, assurance of service by service providers, responsiveness of service providers, facilitating conditions, web design (service quality) are strongly linked to intention to use EPS; and intention to use is strongly linked to actual usage behavior. Practical implications – Typically, governments of developing countries spend millions of dollars to implement e-government systems. The investments can be considered useful only if the usage rate is high. The study can help ICT decision makers in government to recognize the critical factors that are responsible for the success of a G2B system like EPS. Originality/value – The model used in the study is one of the few models designed to determine factors influencing intention to use and actual usage behavior in a G2B system in a fast-developing country like Malaysia.
Comparison of 5-year outcomes in patients with and without unprotected left main coronary artery disease after treatment with sirolimus-eluting stents: insights from the j-Cypher registry.

OBJECTIVES
This study assessed 5-year outcomes after implantation of sirolimus-eluting stents (SES) for unprotected left main coronary artery (ULMCA) disease in comparison with that for non-left main disease.


BACKGROUND
More information on long-term outcomes after ULMCA stenting is needed.


METHODS
The j-Cypher is a multicenter prospective registry of consecutive patients undergoing SES implantation in Japan.


RESULTS
Among 12,812 patients enrolled in the j-Cypher registry, the unadjusted mortality rate at 5 years was significantly higher in patients with ULMCA stenting than in patients without ULMCA stenting (22.8% vs. 14.1%; p < 0.0001); however, the risk for death with ULMCA stenting was no longer significant after adjusting for confounders (hazard ratio: 1.18, 95% confidence interval: 0.95 to 1.46; p = 0.14). In the lesion-level comparison, the nonbifurcation ULMCA lesions treated exclusively with SES had a significantly lower rate of target lesion revascularization (TLR) than those in non-ULMCA nonbifurcation lesions (2.4% vs. 12.7%; p = 0.04). Among bifurcation lesions, those treated with a provisional 2-stent approach had similar rates of TLR (12.1% vs. 11.4%; p = 0.79) between the ULMCA and non-ULMCA groups. Lesions treated with an elective 2-stent approach had higher TLR rates in the ULMCA group as compared with the non-ULMCA group (33.5% vs. 19.7%; p = 0.002).


CONCLUSIONS
The safety of ULMCA stenting relative to non-LMCA stenting was maintained through 5 years follow-up. In terms of efficacy, SES implantation in nonbifurcation ULMCA lesions was associated with an extremely low cumulative incidence of TLR, whereas the elective 2-stent approach for ULMCA bifurcation lesions was associated with a markedly higher cumulative incidence of TLR as compared with that for non-ULMCA bifurcation lesions.
A Review and Proof of Concept for Phishing Scam Detection and Response using Apoptosis

Phishing scam is a well-known fraudulent activity in which victims are tricked to reveal their confidential information especially those related to financial information. There are various phishing schemes such as deceptive phishing, malware based phishing, DNS-based phishing and many more. Therefore in this paper, a systematic review analysis on existing works related with the phishing detection and response techniques together with apoptosis have been further investigated and evaluated. Furthermore, one case study to show the proof of concept how the phishing works is also discussed in this paper. This paper also discusses the challenges and the potential research for future work related with the integration of phishing detection model and response with apoptosis. This research paper also can be used as a reference and guidance for further study on phishing detection and response. Keywords—Phishing; apoptosis; phishing detection; phishing
Why is changing health-related behaviour so difficult?

OBJECTIVE
To demonstrate that six common errors made in attempts to change behaviour have prevented the implementation of the scientific evidence base derived from psychology and sociology; to suggest a new approach which incorporates recent developments in the behavioural sciences.


STUDY DESIGN
The role of health behaviours in the origin of the current epidemic of non-communicable disease is observed to have driven attempts to change behaviour. It is noted that most efforts to change health behaviours have had limited success. This paper suggests that in policy-making, discussions about behaviour change are subject to six common errors and that these errors have made the business of health-related behaviour change much more difficult than it needs to be.


METHODS
Overview of policy and practice attempts to change health-related behaviour.


RESULTS
The reasons why knowledge and learning about behaviour have made so little progress in alcohol, dietary and physical inactivity-related disease prevention are considered, and an alternative way of thinking about the behaviours involved is suggested. This model harnesses recent developments in the behavioural sciences.


CONCLUSION
It is important to understand the conditions preceding behaviour psychologically and sociologically and to combine psychological ideas about the automatic and reflective systems with sociological ideas about social practice.
Cardiorenal rescue study in acute decompensated heart failure: rationale and design of CARRESS-HF, for the Heart Failure Clinical Research Network.

BACKGROUND
Worsening renal function is common among patients hospitalized for acute decompensated heart failure (ADHF). When this occurs, subsequent management decisions often pit the desire for effective decongestion against concerns about further worsening renal function. There are no evidence-based treatments or guidelines to assist in these difficult management decisions. Ultrafiltration is a potentially attractive alternative to loop diuretics for the management of fluid overload in patients with ADHF and worsening renal function.


METHODS AND RESULTS
The National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute Heart Failure Clinical Research Network designed a clinical trial to determine if ultrafiltration results in improved renal function and relief of congestion compared with stepped pharmacologic care when assessed 96 hours after randomization in patients with ADHF and cardiorenal syndrome. Enrollment began in June 2008. This paper describes the rationale and design of the Cardiorenal Rescue Study in Acute Decompensated Heart Failure (CARRESS-HF).


CONCLUSIONS
Treating the signs and symptoms of congestion in ADHF is often complicated by worsening renal function. CARRESS-HF compares treatment strategies (ultrafiltration vs stepped pharmacologic care) for the management of worsening renal function in patients with ADHF. The results of the CARRESS-HF trial are expected to provide information and evidence as to the most appropriate approaches for treating this challenging patient population.
From Bench to Bedside: Evaluation of AHCC Supplementation to Modulate the Host Immunity to Clear High-Risk Human Papillomavirus Infections

Objective: There is currently no effective medicine or supplement for clearance of high risk- human papillomavirus (HR-HPV) infections. We have taken a systematic approach evaluating the potential use of AHCC supplementation to support clearance of HR-HPV infections. The primary objective of this research was to evaluate AHCC supplementation to modulation of the host immune system to clear HR-HPV infections from bench to bedside. Methods: Cervical cancer cells, CaSki (HPV16+), HeLa(HPV18+), SiHa(HPV16/18+), and C-33A(HPV-), were treated in vitro with AHCC 0.42 mg/mL daily x7 days then observed x7 days with daily sample collection. A confirmatory study in cervical cancer mouse models, SiHa(HPV16/18+) and C-33A(HPV-), was conducted: mice were divided into three groups per cell line then dosed with AHCC 50 mg/kg/d (N = 10), or vehicle alone (N = 10), or no supplementation (N = 10) for a total of 90 days followed by 30 days of observation. Tumors were measured 3x/week and blood samples collected bi-weekly to evaluate interferon (IFN) alpha(α), beta(β), and gamma(γ) and immunoglobulin G(IgG) by immunoassays. Tumors were evaluated for HR-HPV expression by PCR. Two pilot studies of 10 patients each were conducted in women with confirmed persistent HR-HPV+ infections. The 1st study evaluated AHCC 3g from 5 weeks up to 6 months and 2nd study evaluated AHCC 1g < 8 months. HR-HPV DNA status and the immune panel were monitored at each visit. Results: HR-HPV clearance was observed in vitro and confirmed in the animal studies as a durable response. Four of six (66.7%) patients had confirmed HR-HPV clearance after 3-6 months of AHCC 3g. Similarly, 4 of 9 (44%) patients had confirmed HR-HPV clearance after 7 months of AHCC 1g. Suppression of IFNβ <25 pg/mL was observed in those clearing the HR-HPV infection. Conclusion: Pre-clinical in vitro and in vivo studies demonstrated durable clearance of HR-HPV infections. The preliminary data from the two pilot studies suggested that AHCC supplementation supports the host immune system for successful clearance of HR-HPV infections. A confirmatory phase II randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled study is ongoing.
ChemMapper: a versatile web server for exploring pharmacology and chemical structure association based on molecular 3D similarity method

SUMMARY
ChemMapper is an online platform to predict polypharmacology effect and mode of action for small molecules based on 3D similarity computation. ChemMapper collects >350 000 chemical structures with bioactivities and associated target annotations (as well as >3 000 000 non-annotated compounds for virtual screening). Taking the user-provided chemical structure as the query, the top most similar compounds in terms of 3D similarity are returned with associated pharmacology annotations. ChemMapper is designed to provide versatile services in a variety of chemogenomics, drug repurposing, polypharmacology, novel bioactive compounds identification and scaffold hopping studies.


AVAILABILITY
http://lilab.ecust.edu.cn/chemmapper/.


CONTACT
xfliu@ecust.edu.cn or hlli@ecust.edu.cn


SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION
Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
Swarm robotics reviewed

Jan Carlo Barca and Y. Ahmet Sekercioglu Robotica / Volume 31 / Issue 03 / May 2013, pp 345 ­ 359 DOI: 10.1017/S026357471200032X, Published online: 03 July 2012 Link to this article: http://journals.cambridge.org/abstract_S026357471200032X How to cite this article: Jan Carlo Barca and Y. Ahmet Sekercioglu (2013). Swarm robotics reviewed. Robotica, 31, pp 345­359 doi:10.1017/ S026357471200032X Request Permissions : Click here
Standardized Ki67 Diagnostics Using Automated Scoring--Clinical Validation in the GeparTrio Breast Cancer Study.

PURPOSE
Scoring proliferation through Ki67 immunohistochemistry is an important component in predicting therapy response to chemotherapy in patients with breast cancer. However, recent studies have cast doubt on the reliability of "visual" Ki67 scoring in the multicenter setting, particularly in the lower, yet clinically important, proliferation range. Therefore, an accurate and standardized Ki67 scoring is pivotal both in routine diagnostics and larger multicenter studies.


EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN
We validated a novel fully automated Ki67 scoring approach that relies on only minimal a priori knowledge on cell properties and requires no training data for calibration. We applied our approach to 1,082 breast cancer samples from the neoadjuvant GeparTrio trial and compared the performance of automated and manual Ki67 scoring.


RESULTS
The three groups of autoKi67 as defined by low (≤ 15%), medium (15.1%-35%), and high (>35%) automated scores showed pCR rates of 5.8%, 16.9%, and 29.5%, respectively. AutoKi67 was significantly linked to prognosis with overall and progression-free survival P values P(OS) < 0.0001 and P(PFS) < 0.0002, compared with P(OS) < 0.0005 and P(PFS) < 0.0001 for manual Ki67 scoring. Moreover, automated Ki67 scoring was an independent prognosticator in the multivariate analysis with P(OS) = 0.002, P(PFS) = 0.009 (autoKi67) versus P(OS) = 0.007, PPFS = 0.004 (manual Ki67).


CONCLUSIONS
The computer-assisted Ki67 scoring approach presented here offers a standardized means of tumor cell proliferation assessment in breast cancer that correlated with clinical endpoints and is deployable in routine diagnostics. It may thus help to solve recently reported reliability concerns in Ki67 diagnostics.
A 10-year comparison of anterior cruciate ligament reconstructions with hamstring tendon and patellar tendon autograft: a controlled, prospective trial.

BACKGROUND
There are no controlled, prospective studies comparing the 10-year outcomes of anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction using patellar tendon (PT) and 4-strand hamstring tendon (HT) autografts.


HYPOTHESIS
Comparable results are possible with HT and PT autografts.


STUDY DESIGN
Cohort study; Level of evidence, 2.


METHODS
One hundred eighty ACL-deficient knees that met inclusion criteria underwent ACL reconstruction (90 HT autograft, 90 PT autograft) by one surgeon and were treated with an accelerated rehabilitation program. All knees were observed in a prospective fashion with subjective, objective, and radiographic evaluation at 2, 5, 7, and 10-year intervals.


RESULTS
At 10 years, there were no differences in graft rupture rates (7/90 PT vs. 12/90 HT, P = .24). There were 20 contralateral ACL ruptures in the PT group, compared with 9 in the HT group (P = .02). In all patients, graft rupture was associated with instrumented laxity >2 mm at 2 years (P = .001). Normal or near-normal function of the knee was reported in 97% of patients in both groups. In the PT group, harvest-site symptoms (P = .001) and kneeling pain (P = .01) were more common than in the HT group. More patients reported pain with strenuous activities in PT knees than in HT knees (P = .05). Radiographic osteoarthritis was more common in PT knees than the HT-reconstructed knees (P = .04). The difference, however, was composed of patients with mild osteoarthritis. Other predictors of radiographic osteoarthritis were <90% single-legged hop test at 1 year and the need for further knee surgery. An "ideal" outcome, defined as an overall International Knee Documentation Committee grade of A or B and a radiographic grade of A at 10 years after ACL reconstruction, was associated with <3 mm of instrumented laxity at 2 years, the absence of additional surgery in the knee, and HT grafts.


CONCLUSIONS
It is possible to obtain excellent results with both HT and PT autografts. We recommend HT reconstructions to our patients because of decreased harvest-site symptoms and radiographic osteoarthritis.