LLukas22/scidocs huggingface dataset:
Understanding user requirements and preferences for a digital library Web portal

This article reports the findings of a user study conducted in the context of the TELplus project to gain insights about user needs and preferences for the digital library services offered by The European Library Web portal. The user requirements collection for the Web portal was designed by adopting a comprehensive survey approach. This combined explicit user feedback with implicit usage data so as to provide a more in-depth analysis of user experience with the portal. The analysis conducted shed light on likely motivations for both participant usage and reluctance to use the services provided, leading to more informed decisions on how to refine, improve, and present Web portal services to their future users. The lessons learnt from this case study also contributed to the development of an integrated methodological framework which provided insights for the future design and evaluation of digital library Web portals and services.
Fiber Optic Sensors

Fiber optic sensor technology offers the possibility of sensing different parameters like strain, temperature, pressure in harsh environment and remote locations. these kinds of sensors modulates some features of the light wave in an optical fiber such an intensity and phase or use optical fiber as a medium for transmitting the measurement information. The advantages of fiber optic sensors in contrast to conventional electrical ones make them popular in different applications and now a day they consider as a key component in improving industrial processes, quality control systems, medical diagnostics, and preventing and controlling general process abnormalities. This paper is an introduction to fiber optic sensor technology and some of the applications that make this branch of optic technology, which is still in its early infancy, an interesting field. Keywords—Fiber optic sensors, distributed sensors, sensor application, crack sensor.
A randomized clinical trial of acceptance and commitment therapy versus progressive relaxation training for obsessive-compulsive disorder.

OBJECTIVE
Effective treatments for obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) exist, but additional treatment options are needed. The effectiveness of 8 sessions of acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT) for adult OCD was compared with progressive relaxation training (PRT).


METHOD
Seventy-nine adults (61% female) diagnosed with OCD (mean age = 37 years; 89% Caucasian) participated in a randomized clinical trial of 8 sessions of ACT or PRT with no in-session exposure. The following assessments were completed at pretreatment, posttreatment, and 3-month follow-up by an assessor who was unaware of treatment conditions: Yale-Brown Obsessive Compulsive Scale (Y-BOCS), Beck Depression Inventory-II, Quality of Life Scale, Acceptance and Action Questionnaire, Thought Action Fusion Scale, and Thought Control Questionnaire. Treatment Evaluation Inventory was completed at posttreatment.


RESULTS
ACT produced greater changes at posttreatment and follow-up over PRT on OCD severity (Y-BOCS: ACT pretreatment = 24.22, posttreatment = 12.76, follow-up = 11.79; PRT pretreatment = 25.4, posttreatment = 18.67, follow-up = 16.23) and produced greater change on depression among those reporting at least mild depression before treatment. Clinically significant change in OCD severity occurred more in the ACT condition than PRT (clinical response rates: ACT posttreatment = 46%-56%, follow-up = 46%-66%; PRT posttreatment = 13%-18%, follow-up = 16%-18%). Quality of life improved in both conditions but was marginally in favor of ACT at posttreatment. Treatment refusal (2.4% ACT, 7.8% PRT) and dropout (9.8% ACT, 13.2% PRT) were low in both conditions.


CONCLUSIONS
ACT is worth exploring as a treatment for OCD.
Time-Optimal Trajectories for Mobile Robots With Two Independently Driven Wheels

This paper addresses the problem of time-optimal motions for a mobile platform in a planar environment. The platform has two non-steerable independently driven wheels. The overall mission of the robot is expressed in terms of a sequence of via points at which the platform must be at rest in a given configuration (position and orientation). The objective is to plan time-optimal trajectories between these configurations assuming an unobstructed environment. Using Pontryagin’s maximum principle (PMP), we formally demonstrate that all time optimal motions of the platform for this problem occur for bang-bang controls on the wheels (at each instant, the acceleration on each wheel is either at its upper or lower limit). The PMP, however, only provides necessary conditions for time optimality. To find the time optimal robot trajectories, we first parameterize the bang-bang trajectories using the switch times on the wheels (the times at which the wheel accelerations change sign). With this parameterization, we can fully search the robot trajectory space and find the switch times that will produce particular paths to a desired final configuration of the platform. We show numerically that robot trajectories with three switch times (two on one wheel, one on the other) can reach any position, while trajectories with four switch times can reach any configuration. By numerical comparison with other trajectories involving similar or greater numbers of switch times, we then identify the sets of time-optimal trajectories. These are uniquely defined using ranges of the parameters, and consist of subsets of trajectories with three switch times for the problem when the final orientation of the robot is not specified, and four switch times when a full final configuration is specified. We conclude with a description of the use of the method for trajectory planning for one of our robots, and discuss some comparisons of sample time-optimal paths with minimum-length paths.
Pelvic floor dysfunction, and effects of pregnancy and mode of delivery on pelvic floor.

Pelvic floor dysfunction (PFD), although seems to be simple, is a complex process that develops secondary to multifactorial factors. The incidence of PFD is increasing with increasing life expectancy. PFD is a term that refers to a broad range of clinical scenarios, including lower urinary tract excretory and defecation disorders, such as urinary and anal incontinence, overactive bladder, and pelvic organ prolapse, as well as sexual disorders. It is a financial burden on the health care system and disrupts women's quality of life. Strategies applied to decrease PFD are focused on the course of pregnancy, mode and management of delivery, and pelvic exercise methods. Many studies in the literature define traumatic birth, usage of forceps, length of the second stage of delivery, and sphincter damage as modifiable risk factors for PFD. Maternal age, fetal position, and fetal head circumference are nonmodifiable risk factors. Although numerous studies show that vaginal delivery affects pelvic floor structures and their functions in a negative way, there is not enough scientific evidence to recommend elective cesarean delivery in order to prevent development of PFD. PFD is a heterogeneous pathological condition, and the effects of pregnancy, vaginal delivery, cesarean delivery, and possible risk factors of PFD may be different from each other. Observational studies have identified certain obstetrical exposures as risk factors for pelvic floor disorders. These factors often coexist; therefore, the isolated effects of these variables on the pelvic floor are difficult to study. The routine use of episiotomy for many years in order to prevent PFD is not recommended anymore; episiotomy should be used in selected cases, and the mediolateral procedures should be used if needed.
Pallister-Killian syndrome

PATIENT
Male, 0 FINAL DIAGNOSIS: Pallister-Killian syndrome Symptoms: Decidious tooth • flattened nasal bridge • frontal bossing • grooved palate • low-set ears • mid-facial hypoplasia • nuchal fold thickening • right inquinal testis • shortened upper extremities • undescended left intraabdominal testis • widely spaced nipples


MEDICATION
- Clinical Procedure: - Specialty: Pediatrics and Neonatology.


OBJECTIVE
Congenital defects/diseases.


BACKGROUND
Pallister-Killian syndrome (PKS) is a rare, sporadic, polydysmorphic condition that often has highly distinctive features. The clinical features are highly variable, ranging from mild to severe intellectual disability and birth defects. We here report the first case of PKS diagnosed at our institution in a patient in the second trimester of pregnancy.


CASE REPORT
A pregnant 43-year-old woman presented for genetic counseling secondary to advanced maternal age and an increased risk for Down syndrome. Ultrasound showed increased fetal nuchal fold thickness, short limbs, polyhydramnios, and a small stomach. The ultrasound evaluation was compromised due to the patient's body habitus. The patient subsequently underwent amniocentesis and the karyotype revealed the presence of an isochromosome in the short arm of chromosome 12 consistent with the diagnosis of Pallister-Killian syndrome. Postnatally, the infant showed frontal bossing, a flattened nasal bridge, mid-facial hypoplasia, low-set ears, a right upper deciduous tooth, grooved palate, nuchal fold thickening, widely spaced nipples, left ulnar polydactyly, simian creases, flexion contractures of the right middle finger, shortened upper extremities, undescended left intraabdominal testis, and right inguinal testis.


CONCLUSIONS
The occurrence of PKS is sporadic in nature, but prenatal diagnosis is possible.
Diagnostic accuracy of the Eurotest for dementia: a naturalistic, multicenter phase II study

BACKGROUND
Available screening tests for dementia are of limited usefulness because they are influenced by the patient's culture and educational level. The Eurotest, an instrument based on the knowledge and handling of money, was designed to overcome these limitations. The objective of this study was to evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of the Eurotest in identifying dementia in customary clinical practice.


METHODS
A cross-sectional, multi-center, naturalistic phase II study was conducted. The Eurotest was administered to consecutive patients, older than 60 years, in general neurology clinics. The patients' condition was classified as dementia or no dementia according to DSM-IV diagnostic criteria. We calculated sensitivity (Sn), specificity (Sp) and area under the ROC curves (aROC) with 95% confidence intervals. The influence of social and educational factors on scores was evaluated with multiple linear regression analysis, and the influence of these factors on diagnostic accuracy was evaluated with logistic regression.


RESULTS
Sixteen neurologists recruited a total of 516 participants: 101 with dementia, 380 without dementia, and 35 who were excluded. Of the 481 participants who took the Eurotest, 38.7% were totally or functionally illiterate and 45.5% had received no formal education. Mean time needed to administer the test was 8.2+/-2.0 minutes. The best cut-off point was 20/21, with Sn = 0.91 (0.84-0.96), Sp = 0.82 (0.77-0.85), and aROC = 0.93 (0.91-0.95). Neither the scores on the Eurotest nor its diagnostic accuracy were influenced by social or educational factors.


CONCLUSION
This naturalistic and pragmatic study shows that the Eurotest is a rapid, simple and useful screening instrument, which is free from educational influences, and has appropriate internal and external validity.
Analysis of Financial Time Series with EViews

4 GARCH Models 7 4.1 Basic GARCH Specifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8 4.2 Diagnostic Checking . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11 4.3 Regressors in the Variance Equation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12 4.4 The GARCH–M Model . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12 4.5 The Threshold GARCH (TARCH) Model . . . . . . . . . . . . 12 4.6 The Exponential GARCH (EGARCH) Model . . . . . . . . . 13 4.7 The Power ARCH (PARCH) Model . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13 4.8 The Component GARCH (CGARCH) Model . . . . . . . . . . 13
Growth and morphological development of laboratory-reared larval and juvenile snakeskin gourami Trichogaster pectoralis

Morphological development, including that of fins, labyrinth organ, body proportions, and pigmentation, in laboratory-hatched larval and juvenile snakeskin gourami Trichogaster pectoralis is described. Body lengths (BL; mean ± SD) of larvae and juveniles were 2.3 ± 0.1 mm just after hatching (day 0) and 8.2 ± 0.6 mm on day 22, reaching 14.1 ± 2.3 mm on day 48. Aggregate fin ray numbers attained their full complements in juveniles >11.8 mm BL. Preflexion larvae started feeding on day 2 following upper and lower jaw formation, the yolk being completely absorbed by day 12. Subsequently, oblong conical teeth appeared in postflexion larvae >8.2 mm BL (day 16). Melanophores on the body increased with growth, with a large dark spot developing on the lateral midline at the caudal margin of the body in flexion larvae >6.1 mm BL. Subsequently, a broad vertical dark band from the eye to the caudal peduncle developed in postflexion larvae >8.9 mm BL. Proportions of head and pre-anal lengths became constant in postflexion larvae greater than ca. 9–10 mm BL, whereas those of maximum body depth, eye diameter, and snout length failed to stabilize in fish of the size examined in this study. First soft fin ray of the pelvic fin elongated, reaching over 40% BL. The labyrinth organ differentiated in postflexion larvae >7.4 mm BL (day 22). Comparisons of larval and juvenile morphology with another anabantoid species Anabas testudineus were also made, revealing several distinct differences, particularly in the numbers of myomeres and fin rays in the dorsal/anal fins, mouth location and body shape.
MicroRNAs and depression

With an estimated life-time prevalence of 15 to 17% and an incapacitating illness in 50% of cases, depressive spectrum disorders represent a heavy public health burden. Despite considerable efforts to underpin the molecular and cellular changes associated with depressive states, a global understanding of the pathophysiology of major depressive disorders (MDD) is still lacking. It is now acknowledged that deficits in synaptic plasticity, such as those resulting from chronic stress, can set the stage for the onset of depression. As a corollary, antidepressants balance neurotransmitter systems and help restore neuronal activity. In recent years, microRNAs have emerged as key protagonists in numerous physiopathological conditions including CNS function and disease. This review summarizes the current evidence for an involvement of microRNAs in the pathophysiology of depression and their contribution to the action of antidepressants.
Protecting Internet users from becoming victimized attackers of click-fraud

Internet users are often victimized by malicious attackers. Some attackers infect and use innocent users’ machines to launch large-scale attacks without the users’ knowledge. One of such attacks is the click-fraud attack. Click-fraud happens in Pay-Per-Click (PPC) ad networks where the ad network charges advertisers for every click on their ads. Click-fraud has been proved to be a serious problem for the online advertisement industry. In a click-fraud attack, a user or an automated software clicks on an ad with a malicious intent and advertisers need to pay for those valueless clicks. Among many forms of click-fraud, botnets with the automated clickers are the most severe ones. In this paper, we present a method for detecting automated clickers from the user-side. The proposed method to Fight Click-Fraud, FCFraud, can be integrated into the desktop and smart device operating systems. Since most modern operating systems already provide some kind of anti-malware service, our proposed method can be implemented as a part of the service. We believe that an effective protection at the operating system level can save billions of dollars of the advertisers. Experiments show that FCFraud is 99.6% (98.2% in mobile ad library generated traffic) accurate in classifying ad requests from all user processes and it is 100% successful in detecting clickbots in both desktop and mobile devices. We implement a cloud backend for the FCFraud service to save battery power in mobile devices. The overhead of executing FCFraud is also analyzed and we show that it is reasonable for both the platforms. Copyright c © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Escape of the Gingerbread Man!!!

A young storyteller challenges the old master in a pub on the Irish west coast. "The Escape of the Gingerbread Man!!!" is a mad romp through the Irish countryside as well as a subtle commentary on the changes in traditions and culture that are happening throughout the Emerald Isle.
Indirect Incentives of Hedge Fund Managers

Indirect incentives exist in the money management industry when good current performance increases future inflows of new capital, leading to higher future fees. We quantify the magnitude of indirect performance incentives for hedge fund managers. Flows respond quickly and strongly to performance; lagged performance has a monotonically decreasing impact on flows as lags increase up to two years. Conservative estimates indicate that indirect incentives for the average fund are four times as large as direct incentives from incentive fees and returns to managers’ own investment in the fund. For new funds, indirect incentives are seven times as large as direct incentives. Combining direct and indirect incentives, for each dollar generated for their investors in a given year, managers receive close to 74 cents in direct performance fees plus the present value of future fees over the expected life of the fund. Older and capacity constrained funds have considerably weaker relations between future flows and performance, leading to weaker indirect incentives. There is no evidence that direct contractual incentives are stronger when market-based indirect incentives are weaker. Contact information: Jongha Lim, Department of Finance, University of Missouri, email: limjong@missouri.edu; Berk A. Sensoy, Department of Finance, Fisher College of Business, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210: email: sensoy_4@fisher.osu.edu; Michael S. Weisbach, Department of Finance, Fisher College of Business, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, email: weisbach@fisher.osu.edu. We would like to thank Niki Boyson, Michael O’Doherty, Tarun Ramadorai, Sterling Yan, as well as seminar participants at Missouri and Ohio State for helpful comments on an earlier draft.
Bacterial resistance to antimicrobial agents and its impact on veterinary and human medicine.

BACKGROUND
Antimicrobial resistance has become a major challenge in veterinary medicine, particularly in the context of bacterial pathogens that play a role in both humans and animals.


OBJECTIVES
This review serves as an update on acquired resistance mechanisms in bacterial pathogens of human and animal origin, including examples of transfer of resistant pathogens between hosts and of resistance genes between bacteria.


RESULTS
Acquired resistance is based on resistance-mediating mutations or on mobile resistance genes. Although mutations are transferred vertically, mobile resistance genes are also transferred horizontally (by transformation, transduction or conjugation/mobilization), contributing to the dissemination of resistance. Mobile genes specifying any of the three major resistance mechanisms - enzymatic inactivation, reduced intracellular accumulation or modification of the cellular target sites - have been found in a variety of bacteria that may be isolated from animals. Such resistance genes are associated with plasmids, transposons, gene cassettes, integrative and conjugative elements or other mobile elements. Bacteria, including zoonotic pathogens, can be exchanged between animals and humans mainly via direct contact, but also via dust, aerosols or foods. Proof of the direction of transfer of resistant bacteria can be difficult and depends on the location of resistance genes or mutations in the chromosomal DNA or on a mobile element.


CONCLUSION
The wide variety in resistance and resistance transfer mechanisms will continue to ensure the success of bacterial pathogens in the future. Our strategies to counteract resistance and preserve the efficacy of antimicrobial agents need to be equally diverse and resourceful.
On the relationship between innovation and performance: A sensitivity analysis

This study was aimed at investigating the sensitivity of the estimated relationship between innovativeness and firm performance. We compared the sensitivity of results with regards to different types of models, estimation methods, measures of firm performance, sub-samples of business sectors, types of innovations and indicators of innovative activities, different data sources and specifications of the innovation model. In addition we also compared results from cases where the performance variables are defined in level and growth rate terms. We have in particular tried to acquire more detailed information on various key characteristics of firms. This includes information related to R&D, various innovation inputs and innovation indicators, human capital and other economic data variables at the individual firm level. In our view, the goal was satisfactorily achieved by augmenting information from a large innovation survey with firm level data from register data. The combined data is comprehensive and covers about 50% of all service and manufacturing firms in Sweden in 1998 with 20 or more employees. The novelty of our paper is in its being one of the first attempts to estimate a knowledge production function model using an extensive and representative sample of manufacturing as well as service firms, and using the same framework but accounting for the heterogeneity of the two industries. The main empirical results are as follows.
Conceptualizing and Measuring the Monetary Value of Brand Extensions: The Case of Motion Pictures

Brand extension value is the part of brand value that derives from a brand owner’s right to introduce new products related to the brand. The authors draw on a theoretical conceptualization of brand extension success and present an approach to measure the monetary value of brand extension rights in the context of motion pictures (i.e., movie sequel rights) and to calculate the effect of variations of key extension product attributes, such as the continued participation of stars, on this value. Their measure incorporates both the forward spillover effect and the reciprocal spillover effect and accounts for differences between brand extensions and new original products in revenues and risk, thereby offering marketing scholars a novel approach for evaluating the riskiness of investment alternatives. With respect to the forward spillover effect of a parent brand on the extension product, the authors apply regression analysis to data from all 101 initial movie sequels released in North American theaters between 1998 and 2006 and to a matched subsample of original movies and calculate the risk-adjusted monetary brand extension value by comparing success predictions for both sequels and matched original movies. Regarding the reciprocal spillover effect by which the extension product affects the success of the parent brand, the authors use longitudinal data of parent-brand DVD sales to monetize the risk-adjusted impact of the brand extension on the parent. The usefulness of their approach is illustrated by calculating the monetary brand extension value for an actual movie title.