LLukas22/scidocs huggingface dataset:
Automated product taxonomy mapping in an e-commerce environment

Over the last few years, we have experienced a steady growth in e-commerce. This growth introduces many problems for services that want to aggregate product information and offerings. One of the problems that aggregation services face is the matching of product categories from different Web shops. This paper proposes an algorithm to perform this task automatically, making it possible to aggregate product information from multiple Web sites, in order to deploy it for search, comparison, or recommender systems applications. The algorithm uses word sense disambiguation techniques to address varying denominations between different taxonomies. Path similarity is assessed between source and candidate target categories, based on lexical relatedness and structural information. The main focus of the proposed solution is to improve the disambiguation procedure in comparison to an existing state-of-the-art approach, while coping with product taxonomy-specific characteristics, like composite categories, and re-examining lexical similarity and similarity aggregation in this context. The performance evaluation based on data from three real-world Web shops demonstrates that the proposed algorithm improves the benchmarked approach by 62% on average F1-measure. 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Long-term follow-up study of endarterectomy versus angioplasty in patients with symptomatic severe carotid stenosis trial.

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE
We aimed at comparing the long-term benefit-risk balance of carotid stenting versus endarterectomy for symptomatic carotid stenosis.


METHODS
Long-term follow-up study of patients included in Endarterectomy Versus Angioplasty in Patients With Symptomatic Severe Carotid Stenosis (EVA-3S), a randomized, controlled trial of carotid stenting versus endarterectomy in 527 patients with recently symptomatic severe carotid stenosis, conducted in 30 centers in France. The main end point was a composite of any ipsilateral stroke after randomization or any procedural stroke or death.


RESULTS
During a median follow-up of 7.1 years (interquartile range, 5.1-8.8 years; maximum 12.4 years), the primary end point occurred in 30 patients in the stenting group compared with 18 patients in the endarterectomy group. Cumulative probabilities of this outcome were 11.0% (95% confidence interval, 7.9-15.2) versus 6.3% (4.0-9.8) in the endarterectomy group at the 5-year follow-up (hazard ratio, 1.85; 1.00-3.40; P=0.04) and 11.5% (8.2-15.9) versus 7.6% (4.9-11.8; hazard ratio, 1.70; 0.95-3.06; P=0.07) at the 10-year follow-up. No difference was observed between treatment groups in the rates of ipsilateral stroke beyond the procedural period, severe carotid restenosis (≥70%) or occlusion, death, myocardial infarction, and revascularization procedures.


CONCLUSIONS
The long-term benefit-risk balance of carotid stenting versus endarterectomy for symptomatic carotid stenosis favored endarterectomy, a difference driven by a lower risk of procedural stroke after endarterectomy. Both techniques were associated with low and similar long-term risks of recurrent ipsilateral stroke beyond the procedural period.


CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION URL
http://www.clinicaltrials.gov. Unique identifier: NCT00190398.
Inventing a future for literary studies: Research and teaching on cultural identity∗

Summary This paper examines two questions namely, how to describe cultural identity and how to relate cultural identity to literary studies. By way of introduction, a distinction is drawn between globalization and nationalization. Special mention is made of Appa‐durais's suggestion that globalization consists of five cultural flows. The question arises as to which will be the stronger force in the near future: nationalization or globalization. The author defines cultural identity by citing many examples to prove his point. He ponders the question of the relationship between literary studies and the study of literal and cultural identity. New perspectives are offered in conclusion.
SPEED CONTROL OF BRUSHLESS DC MOTOR BY USING FUZZY LOGIC PI CONTROLLER

This paper presents the fuzzy, PI controller for speed control of BLDC motor. The controller uses three fuzzy logic controllers and three PI controllers. The output of the PI controllers is summed and is given as the input to the current controller. The current controller uses P controller. The mathematical modeling of BLDC motor is also presented. The BLDC motor is fed from the inverter where the rotor position and current controller is the input. The fuzzy logic control is learned continuously and gradually becomes the main effective control. The Simulink software was used to simulate the proposed scheme. The results are obtained for variable load torque.
Phase I and pharmacological study of a new camptothecin derivative, exatecan mesylate (DX-8951f), infused over 30 minutes every three weeks.

PURPOSE
A Phase I study of exatecan, a new water-soluble camptothecin derivative, was conducted to determine the maximum tolerated dose and a recommended dose, according to an internationally standardized core protocol. Pharmacological profiles of lactone and total (lactone + carboxylate) exatecan were also investigated.


PATIENTS AND METHODS
Fifteen patients with advanced solid malignancies were treated with 3, 5, and 6.65 mg/m(2) of exatecan infused over 30 min every 3 weeks. Concentrations of lactone, total drug, and a metabolite in plasma and urine were determined during the first course.


RESULTS
Dose-limiting neutropenia and liver dysfunction were observed in two of six patients at 6.65 mg/m(2), but no grade 3 or worse diarrhea was observed. Emesis was moderate, and no grade 3 or worse nausea and vomiting were observed at a recommended dose of 5 mg/m(2), with prophylactic use of granisetron. Pharmacokinetics were linear and had moderate variability; clearances of lactone and total drug were 6.8 +/- 2.8 and 2.1 +/- 1.1 (mean +/- SD) l/h/m(2), respectively. The ratio of lactone concentration to total drug concentration in plasma decreased from 0.81 +/- 0.06 at the end of infusion to 0.15 +/- 0.06 10 h after the infusion. The lactone:total ratio of drug exposure was 0.30 +/- 0.08, ranging from 0.16 to 0.43. Neutropenia was related to the drug exposure of both lactone and total drug.


CONCLUSIONS
The recommended dose of exatecan infused over 30 min every 3 weeks is 5 mg/m(2), with a favorable toxicity profile of mild and infrequent diarrhea. Interpatient variability of pharmacokinetics was similar to or smaller than that with other camptothecin derivatives.
The internal validity of a dietary pattern analysis. The Framingham Nutrition Studies.

STUDY OBJECTIVES
To examine the internal validity of a dietary pattern analysis and its ability to discriminate clusters of people with similar dietary patterns using independently assessed nutrient intakes and heart disease risk factors.


DESIGN AND PARTICIPANTS
Population based study characterising dietary patterns using cluster analysis applied to data from the semiquantitative Framingham food frequency questionnaire collected from 1942 women ages 18-76 years, between 1984-88.


SETTING
Framingham, Massachusetts.


MAIN RESULTS
Of 1942 women included in the cluster analysis, 1828 (94%) were assigned to one of the five dietary pattern clusters: Heart Healthy, Light Eating, Wine and Moderate Eating, High Fat, and Empty Calorie. Dietary patterns differed substantially in terms of individual nutrient intakes, overall dietary risk, heart disease risk factors, and predicted heart disease risk. Women in the Heart Healthy cluster had the most nutrient dense eating pattern, the lowest level of dietary risk, more favourable risk factor levels, and the lowest probability of developing heart disease. Those in the Empty Calorie cluster had a less nutritious dietary pattern, the greatest level of dietary risk, a heavier burden of heart disease risk factors, and a relatively higher probability of developing heart disease. Cluster reproducibility using discriminant analysis showed that 80% of the sample was correctly classified. The cluster technique was highly sensitive and specific (75% to 100%).


CONCLUSIONS
These findings support the internal validity of a dietary pattern analysis for characterising dietary exposures in epidemiological research. The authors encourage other researchers to explore this technique when investigating relations between nutrition, health, and disease.
Vibration transmissibility characteristics of the human hand–arm system under different postures, hand forces and excitation levels

Biodynamic responses of the hand-arm system have been mostly characterized in terms of driving-point force-motion relationships, which have also served as the primary basis for developing the mechanical-equivalent models. The knowledge of localized vibration responses of the hand-arm segments could help derive more effective biodynamic models. In this study, the transmission of zh-axis handle vibration to the wrist, elbow and the shoulder of the human hand and arm are characterized in the laboratory for the bent-arm and extended arm postures. The experiments involved six subjects grasping a handle subject to two different magnitudes of broad-band random vibration, and nine different combinations of hand grip and push forces. The vibration transmissibility data were acquired in the zhand yh-axis at the wrist and shoulder, and along all the three axes around the elbow joint. The results show that the human hand-arm system in an extended arm posture amplifies the vibration transmitted to the upper-arm and the whole-body at frequencies below 25 Hz but it attenuates the vibration above 25 Hz more effectively than the bent-arm posture, except at the shoulder. The magnitudes of transmitted vibration under an extended arm posture along the yh-axis were observed to be nearly twice those for the bent-arm posture in the low frequency region. The results further showed that variations in the grip force mostly affect vibration transmissibility and characteristic frequencies of the forearm, while changes in the push force influenced the dynamic characteristics of the entire hand-arm system. The magnitudes of transmitted vibration in the vicinity of the characteristic frequencies were influenced by the handle vibration magnitude.
Smartphone addiction among university students in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia

OBJECTIVES
To investigate the prevalence and correlates of smartphone addiction among university students in Saudi Arabia.


METHODS
This cross-sectional study was conducted in King Saud University, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia between September 2014 and March 2015. An electronic self administered questionnaire and the problematic use of mobile phones (PUMP) Scale were used. 


RESULTS
Out of 2367 study subjects, 27.2% stated that they spent more than 8 hours per day using their smartphones. Seventy-five percent used at least 4 applications per day, primarily for social networking and watching news. As a consequence of using the smartphones, at least 43% had decrease sleeping hours, and experienced a lack of energy the next day, 30% had a more unhealthy lifestyle  (ate more fast food, gained weight, and exercised less), and 25% reported that their academic achievement been adversely affected. There are statistically significant positive relationships among the 4 study variables, consequences of smartphone use (negative lifestyle, poor academic achievement), number of hours per day spent using smartphones, years of study, and number of applications used, and the outcome variable score on the PUMP. The mean values of the PUMP scale were 60.8 with a median of 60. 


CONCLUSION
University students in Saudi Arabia are at risk of addiction to smartphones; a phenomenon that is associated with negative effects on sleep, levels of energy, eating habits, weight, exercise, and academic performance.
Managing risk in software development projects: a case study

Purpose – The main objective of the paper is to develop a risk management framework for software development projects from developers’ perspective. Design/methodology/approach – This study uses a combined qualitative and quantitative technique with the active involvement of stakeholders in order to identify, analyze and respond to risks. The entire methodology has been explained using a case study on software development project in a public sector organization in Barbados. Findings – Analytical approach to managing risk in software development ensures effective delivery of projects to clients. Research limitations/implications – The proposed risk management framework has been applied to a single case. Practical implications – Software development projects are characterized by technical complexity, market and financial uncertainties and competent manpower availability. Therefore, successful project accomplishment depends on addressing those issues throughout the project phases. Effective risk management ensures the success of projects. Originality/value – There are several studies on managing risks in software development and information technology (IT) projects. Most of the studies identify and prioritize risks through empirical research in order to suggest mitigating measures. Although they are important to clients for future projects, these studies fail to provide any framework for risk management from software developers’ perspective. Although a few studies introduced framework of risk management in software development, most of them are presented from clients’ perspectives and very little effort has been made to integrate this with the software development cycle. As software developers absorb considerable amount of risks, an integrated framework for managing risks in software development from developers’ perspective is needed.
From the Gold Standard to the Floating Dollar Standard: An Appraisal in the Light of Marx’s Theory of Money:

The paper explores the insights offered by Marxâ€™s analysis of the emergence of â€œworld moneyâ€ into the workings of the international gold standard period and the post-Bretton Woods floating dollar standard. In a curious inversion of the traditional formulations drawing on Lenin, imperial hegemony in todayâ€™s context would seem to be associated with net capital imports (rather than exports) by the dominant country. In particular, I argue that in a context where the role of â€œworld moneyâ€ rests on the monetary liabilities of a dominant state, in the form of credit money â€” â€œfictitious capitalâ€ â€” rather than bullion, there is an easing of the external constraint on the advanced countries in the core with the impact of the debt-deflationary spiral and financial fragility being borne disproportionately by the periphery. The theorization of world money needs to address the relation between the state and the financial system: the asymmetric manner in which countries outside the core were incorporated into the monetary system, and the role that financialization plays in preserving the hegemony of the dominant currency. JEL classification: F33, F34, F59
A Comprehensive Study of Google Wallet as an NFC Application

The advent of Near Field Communication (NFC) has given rise to several interesting applications under short-range radio technology. Perhaps the most exciting of these is card emulation. Launched in September 2011 [23], the "Google Wallet" application is one of the frontrunners of this technology. More than a year after its launch, there is clearly much interest in the commercial potential of mobile wallets by a variety of organizations in the communications and financial industries and beyond. This paper describes the working of NFC and contactless smartcards along with a brief introduction to the said mobile payment system. It also provides an evaluative study on the operation and performance of Google Wallet. A comparative study of Mobile Payment Solutions is also elucidated. Past and existing vulnerabilities of the system are discussed in detail along with noteworthy examples of infiltrations. The significant threat vectors to an NFC enabled mobile device are also examined with practical attack scenarios. Additionally, safeguards that the Wallet currently uses are evaluated. The paper is concluded by pondering on if and when such systems will become as ubiquitous as the physical wallet. For the reader's reference, the phrase "Google Wallet" in this paper refers to Google Wallet version R79v5 as of September 2012.
A rotated ellipsoidal angle density function improves estimation of foliage inclination distributions in forest canopies

The ‘ellipsoidal distribution’, in which angles are assumed to be distributed parallel to the surface of an oblate or prolate ellipsoid, has been widely used to describe the leaf angle distribution (LAD) of plant canopies. This ellipsoidal function is constrained to show a probability density of zero at an inclination angle of zero; however, actual LADs commonly show a peak probability density at zero, a pattern consistent with functional models of plant leaf display. A ‘rotated ellipsoidal distribution’ is described here, which geometrically corresponds to an ellipsoid in which small surface elements are rotated normal to the surface. Empirical LADs from canopy and understory species in an old-growth coniferous forest were used to compare the two models. In every case the rotated ellipsoidal function provided a better description of empirical data than did the non-rotated function, while retaining only a single parameter. The ratio of G-statistics for goodness of fit for the two functions ranged from 1.03 to 3.88. The improved fit is due to the fact that the rotated function always shows a probability density greater than zero at inclination angles of zero, can show a mode at zero, and more accurately characterizes the overall shape of empirical distributions. ©2000 Published by Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.
Predictors of anxiety and resilience in adolescents undergoing cancer treatment.

AIMS
To report a study examining the relationships among coping, anxiety and resilience and to identify predictors of anxiety and resilience in adolescents undergoing cancer treatment.


BACKGROUND
Anxiety is the main psychological disturbance in adolescents with cancer, but predictors in the context of anxiety related cancer treatments have not been investigated.


DESIGN
Cross-sectional study.


METHODS
Adolescents (n = 131) recruited from three medical centres between 2010-2011. The eligible participants were diagnosed with cancer, without mental disease and receiving chemotherapy. Participants were assessed with the paediatric cancer coping scale, revised children's manifest anxiety scale, second edition, and the Haase adolescent resilience in illness scale.


RESULTS
Over 20% of participants scored high on worry. The most commonly used coping strategy was cognitive coping, followed by problem-oriented coping and finally by defensive coping. There was a statistically significant correlation between defensive coping and level of worry. Resilience was positively correlated with cognitive coping and problem-oriented coping. The cognitive coping and defensive coping were found to predict anxiety and resilience significantly by a step-wise multiple regression analysis and accounted for 40·9% and 46·5% of total variance, respectively.


CONCLUSIONS
Cognitive coping and defensive coping are predictors for the level of anxiety and resilience in adolescents undergoing cancer treatment. Health providers should evaluate coping behaviour in patients and work towards a cognitive and problem-oriented coping style that will benefit the patient's mental health during treatment.
Informing the Design of Proxemic Interactions

Proxemic interactions can help address six key challenges of ubicomp interaction design and how devices can sense or capture proxemic information via five dimensions-distance, orientation, movement, identity, and location.
Impact of valve surgery on 6-month mortality in adults with complicated, left-sided native valve endocarditis: a propensity analysis.

CONTEXT
Complicated, left-sided native valve endocarditis causes significant morbidity and mortality in adults. The presumed benefits of valve surgery remain unproven due to lack of randomized controlled trials.


OBJECTIVE
To determine whether valve surgery is associated with reduced mortality in adults with complicated, left-sided native valve endocarditis.


DESIGN AND SETTING
Retrospective, observational cohort study conducted from January 1990 to January 2000 at 7 Connecticut hospitals. Propensity analyses were used to control for bias in treatment assignment and prognostic imbalances.


PATIENTS
Of the 513 adults with complicated, left-sided native valve endocarditis, 230 (45%) underwent valve surgery and 283 (55%) received medical therapy alone.


MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE
All-cause mortality at 6 months after baseline.


RESULTS
In the 6-month period after baseline, 131 patients (26%) died. In unadjusted analyses, valve surgery was associated with reduced mortality (16% vs 33%; hazard ratio [HR], 0.43; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.29-0.63; P<.001). After adjustment for baseline variables associated with mortality (including hospital site, comorbidity, congestive heart failure, microbial etiology, immunocompromised state, abnormal mental status, and refractory infection), valve surgery remained associated with reduced mortality (adjusted HR, 0.35; 95% CI, 0.23-0.54; P<.02). In further analyses of 218 patients matched by propensity scores, valve surgery remained associated with reduced mortality (15% vs 28%; HR, 0.45; 95% CI, 0.23-0.86; P =.01). After additional adjustment for variables that contribute to heterogeneity and confounding within the propensity-matched group, surgical therapy remained significantly associated with a lower mortality (HR, 0.40; 95% CI, 0.18-0.91; P =.03). In this propensity-matched group, patients with moderate to severe congestive heart failure showed the greatest reduction in mortality with valve surgery (14% vs 51%; HR, 0.22; 95% CI, 0.09-0.53; P =.001).


CONCLUSIONS
Valve surgery for patients with complicated, left-sided native valve endocarditis was independently associated with reduced 6-month mortality after adjustment for both baseline variables associated with the propensity to undergo valve surgery and baseline variables associated with mortality. The reduced mortality was particularly evident among patients with moderate to severe congestive heart failure.
Numerical Solution of Fuzzy Stochastic Differential Equation

In this paper an alternative approach to solve uncertain Stochastic Differential Equation (SDE) is proposed. This uncertainty occurs due to the involved parameters in system and these are considered as Triangular Fuzzy Numbers (TFN). Here the proposed fuzzy arithmetic in [2] is used as a tool to handle Fuzzy Stochastic Differential Equation (FSDE). In particular, a system of Ito stochastic differential equations is analysed with fuzzy parameters. Further exact and Euler Maruyama approximation methods with fuzzy values are demonstrated and solved some standard SDE.