LLukas22/scidocs huggingface dataset:
A phase I trial of perillyl alcohol in patients with advanced solid tumors

 Purpose. Perillyl alcohol is a plant-derived lipid with preclinical antitumor activity. Its proposed mechanism of action involves inhibition of post-translational isoprenylation of small G proteins, including the proto-oncogene p21-ras, thereby blocking signal transduction. This phase I trial was conducted to determine the optimal dose of perillyl alcohol. Methods. The study group comprised 21 adults with advanced solid tumors who were treated with perillyl alcohol, delivered orally, four times daily, without interruption. Doses ranged from 4,800 to 11,200 mg/m2 per day. Results. The maximum tolerated dose (MTD) for this schedule was determined to be 8400 mg/m2 per day. The dose-limiting toxicities in this trial were nausea and vomiting, encountered in all patients at the highest dose level. No antitumor activity was observed. Pharmacokinetic data suggest dose-dependent increases in Cmax of perillic acid, a metabolite of perillyl alcohol, but with high inter- and intrapatient variability. Conclusions. The MTD of perillyl alcohol for this schedule was determined to be 8400 mg/m2 per day. This is higher than the MTDs determined in other similar phase I trials. This may have been due to the fact that the gastrointestinal symptoms caused by perillyl alcohol are highly subjective, with high interpatient variability. Phase II trials of perillyl alcohol in hormone-refractory prostate, breast, ovarian and colorectal cancer using doses in the range 4800–6400 mg/m2 per day are underway.
Reduction of graphene oxide thin films using a stepwise thermal annealing assisted by l-ascorbic acid

Abstract In this study, an environmental and economical multi-step reduction method has been developed for the reduction of graphene oxide thin films more efficiently. Within the scope of the method, the graphene oxide films produced were subjected to the process of chemical reduction with l -ascorbic acid (Vitamin C) as the first step and then to the process of thermal reduction that can be performed through progressive thermal annealing without any need for special atmospheric conditions as the second step. In addition, the impact of l -ascorbic acid solutions with different molarities (5, 25, 50, 100, 200, 400 and 800 mM) on the conductivity of the reduced graphene oxide produced was examined and compared with hydrazine hydrate for the same concentrations. Besides, the impact of different thermal annealing temperatures (70 °C, 120 °C and 300 °C) and the process of intermediate drying on the conductivity of the reduced graphene oxide thin films were investigated. The results show that the graphene oxide thin films were best reduced through 800 mM l -ascorbic acid and progressive thermal annealing combination (at 70 °C, 120 °C and 300 °C respectively) and that 13.2 kΩ/sq. surface resistivity was achieved and that the intermediate heating at 120 °C made at least 10% positive contribution to this.
Sexual dysfunction in men undergoing infertility evaluation: a cohort observational study.

OBJECTIVE
To study psychosexual problems in men undergoing infertility evaluation.


DESIGN
A cohort observational study.


SETTING
Male infertility diagnostic center.


PATIENT(S)
Four hundred twelve men undergoing infertility evaluation between 1999 and 2001.


INTERVENTION(S)
Baseline and follow-up data on sexual functions. Semen analysis for samples collected by masturbation. A second analysis was requested in 2 weeks upon finding an abnormality of semen parameters. Penile vibratory stimulation to help men who failed to collect semen on their second or subsequent appointments.


MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S)
Sexual functions (erection and orgasm) during the time of infertility evaluation.


RESULT(S)
Seven of 412 men were excluded from the analysis due to a past history of sexual dysfunction. Of the remaining 405 men, 46 (11%) failed to collect semen by masturbation for a second semen analysis after repeated (2-4 times) attempts at 2- to 3-day intervals. Nine of these men (20%) were able to collect semen using vibratory stimulation. All 46 men experienced problems with erection or orgasm and had severe anxiety during attempts to masturbate and during sexual contact with their partners.


CONCLUSION(S)
Our study indicates that some men may experience sexual dysfunction of a psychogenic nature in response to the diagnosis of infertility.
A novel hybrid MPPT technique for solar PV applications using perturb & observe and Fractional Open Circuit Voltage techniques

Solar photovoltaic (PV) systems have been an area of active research for the last few decades to improve the efficiency of solar PV module. The non-linear nature of IV curve of solar PV module demands some technique to track the maximum voltage and maximum current point on IV curve corresponding to Maximum Power Point(MPP). Thus, Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT) techniques are widely deployed for this purpose. Lot of MPPT techniques have been developed in recent past but still most commercial systems utilizes the perturb & observe (P&O) MPPT technique because of its simple algorithm, low cost and ease of implementation. However, this technique is slow in tracking MPP under rapidly changing irradiance conditions and it also oscillates around the MPP. This paper addresses this problematic behavior of P&O technique and hence presents a novel MPPT hybrid technique that is combination of two basic techniques i.e. P&O and Fractional Open Circuit Voltage (FOCV) technique in order to overcome the inherited deficiencies found in P&O technique. The proposed MPPT technique is much more robust in tracking the MPP even under the frequent changing irradiance conditions and is less oscillatory around the MPP as compared to P&O. The technique is verified using MATLAB/SIMULNK and simulation results show a clear improvement in achieving the MPP when subjected to change in irradiance.
Scheduling High Performance Data Mining Tasks on a Data Grid Environment

Increasingly the datasets used for data mining are becoming huge and physically distributed. Since the distributed knowledge discovery process is both data and computational intensive, the Grid is a natural platform for deploying a high performance data mining service. The focus of this paper is on the core services of such a Grid infrastructure. In particular we concentrate our attention on the design and implementation of specialized Resource Allocation and Execution Management services aware of data source locations and resource needs of data mining tasks. Allocation and scheduling decisions are taken on the basis of performance cost metrics and models that exploit knowledge about previous executions, and use sampling to acquire estimate about execution behavior.
Modified bowtie antenna for GPR applications

This paper presents a novel antenna for Ground Penetrating Radar (GPR) applications. It consists of two crossed bowtie antennas loaded with an annular ring. Numerical and experimental results are reported demonstrating that the proposed antenna exhibits both a broadband impedance bandwidth and very good radiation properties.
Internet gaming disorder in children and adolescents: a systematic review.

AIM
Internet gaming disorder (IGD) is a serious disorder leading to and maintaining pertinent personal and social impairment. IGD has to be considered in view of heterogeneous and incomplete concepts. We therefore reviewed the scientific literature on IGD to provide an overview focusing on definitions, symptoms, prevalence, and aetiology.


METHOD
We systematically reviewed the databases ERIC, PsyARTICLES, PsycINFO, PSYNDEX, and PubMed for the period January 1991 to August 2016, and additionally identified secondary references.


RESULTS
The proposed definition in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition provides a good starting point for diagnosing IGD but entails some disadvantages. Developing IGD requires several interacting internal factors such as deficient self, mood and reward regulation, problems of decision-making, and external factors such as deficient family background and social skills. In addition, specific game-related factors may promote IGD. Summarizing aetiological knowledge, we suggest an integrated model of IGD elucidating the interplay of internal and external factors.


INTERPRETATION
So far, the concept of IGD and the pathways leading to it are not entirely clear. In particular, long-term follow-up studies are missing. IGD should be understood as an endangering disorder with a complex psychosocial background.


WHAT THIS PAPER ADDS
In representative samples of children and adolescents, on average, 2% are affected by Internet gaming disorder (IGD). The mean prevalences (overall, clinical samples included) reach 5.5%. Definitions are heterogeneous and the relationship with substance-related addictions is inconsistent. Many aetiological factors are related to the development and maintenance of IGD. This review presents an integrated model of IGD, delineating the interplay of these factors.
On-chip generation of high-dimensional entangled quantum states and their coherent control

Optical quantum states based on entangled photons are essential for solving questions in fundamental physics and are at the heart of quantum information science. Specifically, the realization of high-dimensional states (D-level quantum systems, that is, qudits, with D > 2) and their control are necessary for fundamental investigations of quantum mechanics, for increasing the sensitivity of quantum imaging schemes, for improving the robustness and key rate of quantum communication protocols, for enabling a richer variety of quantum simulations, and for achieving more efficient and error-tolerant quantum computation. Integrated photonics has recently become a leading platform for the compact, cost-efficient, and stable generation and processing of non-classical optical states. However, so far, integrated entangled quantum sources have been limited to qubits (D = 2). Here we demonstrate on-chip generation of entangled qudit states, where the photons are created in a coherent superposition of multiple high-purity frequency modes. In particular, we confirm the realization of a quantum system with at least one hundred dimensions, formed by two entangled qudits with D = 10. Furthermore, using state-of-the-art, yet off-the-shelf telecommunications components, we introduce a coherent manipulation platform with which to control frequency-entangled states, capable of performing deterministic high-dimensional gate operations. We validate this platform by measuring Bell inequality violations and performing quantum state tomography. Our work enables the generation and processing of high-dimensional quantum states in a single spatial mode.
New materials graphyne, graphdiyne, graphone, and graphane: review of properties, synthesis, and application in nanotechnology

Plenty of new two-dimensional materials including graphyne, graphdiyne, graphone, and graphane have been proposed and unveiled after the discovery of the "wonder material" graphene. Graphyne and graphdiyne are two-dimensional carbon allotropes of graphene with honeycomb structures. Graphone and graphane are hydrogenated derivatives of graphene. The advanced and unique properties of these new materials make them highly promising for applications in next generation nanoelectronics. Here, we briefly review their properties, including structural, mechanical, physical, and chemical properties, as well as their synthesis and applications in nanotechnology. Graphyne is better than graphene in directional electronic properties and charge carriers. With a band gap and magnetism, graphone and graphane show important applications in nanoelectronics and spintronics. Because these materials are close to graphene and will play important roles in carbon-based electronic devices, they deserve further, careful, and thorough studies for nanotechnology applications.
What drives bacteria to produce a biofilm?

Nearly 40 years ago, Dr. R.J. Gibbons made the first reports of the clinical relevance of what we now know as bacterial biofilms when he published his observations of the role of polysaccharide glycocalyx formation on teeth by Streptococcus mutans [Sci. Am. 238 (1978) 86]. As the clinical relevance of bacterial biofilm formation became increasingly apparent, interest in the phenomenon exploded. Studies are rapidly shedding light on the biomolecular pathways leading to this sessile mode of growth but many fundamental questions remain. The intent of this review is to consider the reasons why bacteria switch from a free-floating to a biofilm mode of growth. The currently available wealth of data pertaining to the molecular genetics of biofilm formation in commonly studied, clinically relevant, single-species biofilms will be discussed in an effort to decipher the motivation behind the transition from planktonic to sessile growth in the human body. Four potential incentives behind the formation of biofilms by bacteria during infection are considered: (1) protection from harmful conditions in the host (defense), (2) sequestration to a nutrient-rich area (colonization), (3) utilization of cooperative benefits (community), (4) biofilms normally grow as biofilms and planktonic cultures are an in vitro artifact (biofilms as the default mode of growth).
Development of coronal stop perception: Bilingual infants keep pace with their monolingual peers

Previous studies indicate that the discrimination of native phonetic contrasts in infants exposed to two languages from birth follows a different developmental time course from that observed in monolingual infants. We compared infant discrimination of dental (French) and alveolar (English) place variants of /d/ in three groups differing in language experience. At 6-8 months, infants in all three language groups succeeded; at 10-12 months, monolingual English and bilingual but not monolingual French infants distinguished this contrast. Thus, for highly frequent, similar phones, despite overlap in cross-linguistic distributions, bilingual infants performed on par with their English monolingual peers and better than their French monolingual peers.
Evolutionary techniques in optimizing machining parameters: Review and recent applications (2007-2011)

0957-4174/$ see front matter 2012 Elsevier Ltd. A doi:10.1016/j.eswa.2012.02.109 ⇑ Corresponding author. Tel.: +60 7 5532088; fax: + E-mail addresses: ynorfadzlan@fit.unimas.my (N (A.M. Zain), sitizaiton@utm.my (S.Z.M. Hashim). In highly competitive manufacturing industries nowadays, the manufactures ultimate goals are to produce high quality product with less cost and time constraints. To achieve these goals, one of the considerations is by optimizing the machining process parameters such as the cutting speed, depth of cut, radial rake angle. Recently, alternative to conventional techniques, evolutionary optimization techniques are the new trend for optimization of the machining process parameters. This paper gives an overview and the comparison of the latest five year researches from 2007 to 2011 that used evolutionary optimization techniques to optimize machining process parameter of both traditional and modern machining. Five techniques are considered, namely genetic algorithm (GA), simulated annealing (SA), particle swarm optimization (PSO), ant colony optimization (ACO) and artificial bee colony (ABC) algorithm. Literature found that GA was widely applied by researchers to optimize the machining process parameters. Multi-pass turning was the largest machining operation that deals with GA optimization. In terms of machining performance, surface roughness was mostly studied with GA, SA, PSO, ACO and ABC evolutionary techniques. 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Three dimensional anatomical exploration of the anterior hard palate at the level of the third ruga for the placement of mini-implants--a cone-beam CT study.

AIM
The aim of this retrospective investigation was to measure vertical bone thickness on the hard palate, determine areas with adequate bone for the insertion of orthodontic mini-implants (MIs), and provide clinical guidelines for identification of those areas.


MATERIALS AND METHODS
Pre-treatment records of 1007 patients were reviewed by a single examiner. A total of 125 records fulfilled the inclusion criteria and were further investigated. Bone measurements were performed on cone-beam computed tomography scans, at a 90° angle to the bone surface, on 28 predetermined and standardized points on the hard palate. Bone thickness at various areas was associated to clinically identifiable areas on the hard palate by means of pre-treatment plaster models.


RESULTS
Bone thickness ranged between 1.51 and 13.86 mm (total thickness) and 0.33 and 1.65 mm (cortical bone thickness), respectively. Bone thickness was highest in the anterior palate and decreased significantly towards more posterior areas. Plaster model analysis revealed that bone thickness was highest at the level of the third palatal ruga.


CONCLUSIONS
The areas on the anterior palate with adequate bone thickness for successful insertion of orthodontic MI correspond to the region of the third palatal ruga. These results provide stable and clinically identifiable landmarks for the insertion of palatal MIs.
Identifying children with autism spectrum disorder based on their face processing abnormality: A machine learning framework.

The atypical face scanning patterns in individuals with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) has been repeatedly discovered by previous research. The present study examined whether their face scanning patterns could be potentially useful to identify children with ASD by adopting the machine learning algorithm for the classification purpose. Particularly, we applied the machine learning method to analyze an eye movement dataset from a face recognition task [Yi et al., 2016], to classify children with and without ASD. We evaluated the performance of our model in terms of its accuracy, sensitivity, and specificity of classifying ASD. Results indicated promising evidence for applying the machine learning algorithm based on the face scanning patterns to identify children with ASD, with a maximum classification accuracy of 88.51%. Nevertheless, our study is still preliminary with some constraints that may apply in the clinical practice. Future research should shed light on further valuation of our method and contribute to the development of a multitask and multimodel approach to aid the process of early detection and diagnosis of ASD. Autism Res 2016, 9: 888-898. © 2016 International Society for Autism Research, Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Correlation properties and complexity of perioperative RR-interval dynamics in coronary artery bypass surgery patients.

BACKGROUND
Dynamic measures of heart rate variability (HRV) may uncover abnormalities that are not easily detectable with traditional time and frequency domain measures. The purpose of this study was to characterize changes in RR-interval dynamics in the immediate postoperative phase of coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) surgery using traditional and selected newer dynamic measures of HRV.


METHODS
Continuous 24-h electrocardiograph recordings were performed in 40 elective CABG surgery patients up to 72 h postoperatively. In one half of the patients, Holter recordings were initiated 12-40 h before the surgery. Time and frequency domain measures of HRV were assessed. The dynamic measures included a quantitative and visual analysis of Poincaré plots, measurement of short- and intermediate-term fractal-like scaling exponents (alpha1 and alpha2), the slope (beta) of the power-law regression line of RR-interval dynamics, and approximate entropy.


RESULTS
The SD of RR intervals (P < 0.001) and the ultra-low-, very-low-, low-, and high-frequency power (P < 0.01, P < 0.001, P < 0.001, P < 0.01, respectively) measures in the first postoperative 24 h decreased from the preoperative values. Analysis of Poincaré plots revealed increased randomness in beat-to-beat heart rate behavior demonstrated by an increase in the ratio between short-term and long-term HRV (P < 0.001) after CABG. Average scaling exponent alpha1 of the 3 postoperative days decreased significantly after CABG (from 1.22 +/- 0.15 to 0.85 +/- 0.20, P < 0.001), indicating increased randomness of short-term heart rate dynamics (i.e., loss of fractal-like heart rate dynamics). Reduced scaling exponent alpha1 of the first postoperative 24 h was the best HRV measure in differentiating between the patients that had normal (</= 48 h, n = 33) or prolonged (> 48 h, n = 7) intensive care unit stay (0.85 +/- 0.17 vs. 0.68 +/- 0.18; P < 0.05). In stepwise multivariate logistic regression analysis including typical clinical predictors, alpha1 was the most significant independent predictor (P < 0.05) of long intensive care unit stay. None of the preoperative HRV measures were able to predict prolonged intensive care unit stays.


CONCLUSIONS
In the selected group of patients studied, a decrease in overall HRV was associated with altered nonlinear heart rate dynamics after CABG surgery. Current results suggest that a more random short-term heart rate behavior may be associated with a complicated clinical course. Analysis of fractal-like dynamics of heart rate may provide new perspectives in detecting abnormal cardiovascular function after CABG.
Rescue therapy with adefovir in decompensated liver cirrhosis patients with lamivudine-resistant hepatitis B virus

BACKGROUND/AIMS
Adefovir dipivoxil (ADV) is a nucleotide analogue that is effective against lamivudine-resistant hepatitis B virus (HBV). The aim of this study was to determine the long-term clinical outcomes after ADV rescue therapy in decompensated patients infected with lamivudine-resistant HBV.


METHODS
In total, 128 patients with a decompensated state and lamivudine-resistant HBV were treated with ADV at a dosage of 10 mg/day for a median of 33 months in this multicenter cohort study.


RESULTS
Following ADV treatment, 86 (72.3%) of 119 patients experienced a decrease in Child-Pugh score of at least 2 points, and the overall end-stage liver disease score decreased from 16±5 to 14±10 (mean ± SD, P<0.001) during the follow-up period. With ADV treatment, 67 patients (56.3%) had undetectable serum HBV DNA (detection limit, 0.5 pg/mL). Virologic breakthrough occurred in 38 patients (36.1%) and 9 patients had a suboptimal ADV response. The overall survival rate was 89.9% (107/119), and a suboptimal response to ADV treatment was associated with both no improvement in Child-Pugh score (≥2 points; P=0.001) and high mortality following ADV rescue therapy (P=0.012).


CONCLUSIONS
Three years of ADV treatment was effective and safe in decompensated patients with lamivudine-resistant HBV.
Overview of the TECSAR Satellite Hardware and Mosaic Mode

TECSAR satellite is part of a spaceborne synthetic-aperture-radar (SAR) satellite technology demonstration program. The purpose of this program is to develop and evaluate the technologies required to achieve high-resolution images combined with large-area coverage. These requirements can be fulfilled by designing a satellite with multimode operation. The TECSAR satellite is developed by the MBT Space Division, Israel Aerospace Industries, acting as a prime contractor, which develops the satellite bus, and by ELTA Systems Ltd., which develops the SAR payload. This paper reviews the TECSAR radar system design, which enables to perform a variety of operational modes. It also describes the unique hardware components: deployable parabolic mesh antenna, multitube transmitter, and data-link transmission unit. The unique mosaic mode is presented. It is shown that this mode is the spot version of the scan mode.