LLukas22/scidocs huggingface dataset:
Working with men to prevent intimate partner violence in a conflict-affected setting: a pilot cluster randomized controlled trial in rural Côte d’Ivoire

BACKGROUND
Evidence from armed conflict settings points to high levels of intimate partner violence (IPV) against women. Current knowledge on how to prevent IPV is limited-especially within war-affected settings. To inform prevention programming on gender-based violence in settings affected by conflict, we evaluated the impact of adding a targeted men's intervention to a community-based prevention programme in Côte d'Ivoire.


METHODS
We conducted a two-armed, non-blinded cluster randomized trial in Côte d'Ivoire among 12 pair-matched communities spanning government-controlled, UN buffer, and rebel-controlled zones. The intervention communities received a 16-week IPV prevention intervention using a men's discussion group format. All communities received community-based prevention programmes. Baseline data were collected from couples in September 2010 (pre-intervention) and follow-up in March 2012 (one year post-intervention). The primary trial outcome was women's reported experiences of physical and/or sexual IPV in the last 12 months. We also assessed men's reported intention to use physical IPV, attitudes towards sexual IPV, use of hostility and conflict management skills, and participation in gendered household tasks. An adjusted cluster-level intention to treat analysis was used to compare outcomes between intervention and control communities at follow-up.


RESULTS
At follow-up, reported levels of physical and/or sexual IPV in the intervention arm had decreased compared to the control arm (ARR 0.52, 95% CI 0.18-1.51, not significant). Men participating in the intervention reported decreased intentions to use physical IPV (ARR 0.83, 95% CI 0.66-1.06) and improved attitudes toward sexual IPV (ARR 1.21, 95% CI 0.77-1.91). Significant differences were found between men in the intervention and control arms' reported ability to control their hostility and manage conflict (ARR 1.3, 95% CI 1.06-1.58), and participation in gendered household tasks (ARR 2.47, 95% CI 1.24-4.90).


CONCLUSIONS
This trial points to the value of adding interventions working with men alongside community activities to reduce levels of IPV in conflict-affected settings. The intervention significantly influenced men's reported behaviours related to hostility and conflict management and gender equitable behaviours. The decreased mean level of IPV and the differences between intervention and control arms, while not statistically significant, suggest that IPV in conflict-affected areas can be reduced through concerted efforts to include men directly in violence prevention programming. A larger-scale trial is needed to replicate these findings and further understand the mechanisms of change.


TRIAL REGISTRATION
clinicaltrials.gov NCT01803932.
An Autonomous Mobile Robotic System for Surveillance of Indoor Environments

The development of intelligent surveillance systems is an active research area. In this context, mobile and multi-functional robots are generally adopted as means to reduce the environment structuring and the number of devices needed to cover a given area. Nevertheless, the number of different sensors mounted on the robot, and the number of complex tasks related to exploration, monitoring, and surveillance make the design of the overall system extremely challenging. In this paper, we present our autonomous mobile robot for surveillance of indoor environments. We propose a system able to handle autonomously general-purpose tasks and complex surveillance issues simultaneously. It is shown that the proposed robotic surveillance scheme successfully addresses a number of basic problems related to environment mapping, localization and autonomous navigation, as well as surveillance tasks, like scene processing to detect abandoned or removed objects and people detection and following. The feasibility of the approach is demonstrated through experimental tests using a multisensor platform equipped with a monocular camera, a laser scanner, and an RFID device. Real world applications of the proposed system include surveillance of wide areas (e.g. airports and museums) and buildings, and monitoring of safety equipment.
Developmental Trajectories in Siblings of Children with Autism: Cognition and Language from 4 Months to 7 Years

We compared the cognitive and language development at 4, 14, 24, 36, 54 months, and 7 years of siblings of children with autism (SIBS-A) to that of siblings of children with typical development (SIBS-TD) using growth curve analyses. At 7 years, 40% of the SIBS-A, compared to 16% of SIBS-TD, were identified with cognitive, language and/or academic difficulties, identified using direct tests and/or parental reports. This sub-group was identified as SIBS-A-broad phenotype (BP). Results indicated that early language scores (14-54 months), but not cognitive scores of SIBS-A-BP and SIBS-A-nonBP were significantly lower compared to the language scores of SIBS-TD, and that the rate of development was also significantly different, thus pinpointing language as a major area of difficulty for SIBS-A during the preschool years.
Polyvinylidene fluoride film based nasal sensor to monitor human respiration pattern: An initial clinical study

Design and development of a piezoelectric polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) thin film based nasal sensor to monitor human respiration pattern (RP) from each nostril simultaneously is presented in this paper. Thin film based PVDF nasal sensor is designed in a cantilever beam configuration. Two cantilevers are mounted on a spectacle frame in such a way that the air flow from each nostril impinges on this sensor causing bending of the cantilever beams. Voltage signal produced due to air flow induced dynamic piezoelectric effect produce a respective RP. A group of 23 healthy awake human subjects are studied. The RP in terms of respiratory rate (RR) and Respiratory air-flow changes/alterations obtained from the developed PVDF nasal sensor are compared with RP obtained from respiratory inductance plethysmograph (RIP) device. The mean RR of the developed nasal sensor (19.65 ± 4.1) and the RIP (19.57 ± 4.1) are found to be almost same (difference not significant, p > 0.05) with the correlation coefficient 0.96, p < 0.0001. It was observed that any change/alterations in the pattern of RIP is followed by same amount of change/alterations in the pattern of PVDF nasal sensor with k = 0.815 indicating strong agreement between the PVDF nasal sensor and RIP respiratory air-flow pattern. The developed sensor is simple in design, non-invasive, patient friendly and hence shows promising routine clinical usage. The preliminary result shows that this new method can have various applications in respiratory monitoring and diagnosis.
Gender and the effects of an economic empowerment program on attitudes toward sexual risk-taking among AIDS-orphaned adolescent youth in Uganda.

PURPOSE
This article examines gender differences in attitudes toward sexual risk-taking behaviors of acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS)-orphaned youth participating in a randomized control trial testing an economic empowerment intervention in rural Uganda.


METHODS
Adolescents (average age 13.7 years) who had lost one or both parents to AIDS from 15 comparable schools were randomly assigned to either an experimental (n=135) or a control condition (n=142). Adolescents in the experimental condition, in addition to usual care, also received support and incentives to save money toward secondary education.


RESULTS
Findings indicate that although adolescent boys and girls within the experimental condition saved comparable amounts, the intervention appears to have benefited girls, in regard to the attitudes toward sexual risk-taking behavior, in a different way and to a lesser extent than boys.


CONCLUSIONS
Future research should investigate the possibility that adolescent girls might be able to develop equally large improvements in protective attitudes toward sexual risk taking through additional components that address gendered social norms.
Comparison study on the effect of prenatal administration of high dose and low dose folic acid.

OBJECTIVE
To evaluate the effect of high dose and low dose folic acid on the levels of hemocysteine (Hcy) concentration during the first trimester of pregnancy and at delivery, and to examine the association of Hcy serum levels and preeclampsia.


METHODS
In a single blinded randomized clinical trial, which was conducted in Tabriz, Iran, from 2005-2008, 246 nulliparous pregnant women in 2 similar groups, received folic acid daily from early pregnancy until delivery (5 mg/day in group one and 0.5 mg/ day in group 2). The incidence of hypertension and laboratory changes in the levels of serum Hcy, lactate dehydrogenase, and uric acid in addition to the levels of urine creatinine and protein were compared between the groups.


RESULTS
There was no presence of any type of hypertension in each group. The systolic blood pressures (BP) (mm Hg) at the first trimester were 114.01 +/- 8.78 for group one, 114.16 +/- 9.05 for group 2, and at delivery, 117.24 +/- 6.91 for group one, and 117.23 +/- 11.48 for group 2 (p=0.32). The diastolic BP at the first trimester were 74.90 +/- 7.45 for group one, 73.30 +/- 8.90 for group 2, and at delivery 76.46 +/- 5.58 for group one, and 76.69 +/- 8.62 for group 2 (p=0.42). Although the level of Hcy (micromol/L) decreased significantly at the delivery time in group one (11.81+/- 3.85 decreased to 6.44 +/- 1.88), and 2 (9.08+/- 3.24, decreased to 7.44 +/- 2.99), this decrement was more significant in the first group (p<0.001).


CONCLUSION
The results show that folic acid supplement throughout pregnancy, irrespective of the dosage, could eliminate hypertensive disorders, and decreases serum level of Hcy, although it is reduced more significant in the first group.
Поэзия английского романтизма в России: традиции и переводы

Background. The article is devoted to the comprehension of the way the English romantic poetry is taken in Russia. The actuality of the investigation is stipulated by the necessity of examination of numerous facts of reception of English romantic poetry in Russia, done by the foregoing investigators, and by the necessity of revealing the typological affinity of the writers, their works, and acquisition of material in order to fully reconstruct the history of the Russian poetry. Materials and methods. The analysis was done on the basis of the works of the following English romantic poets G. Byron, T. Moore, W. Scott, R. Southey, S. Coleridge, W. Wordsworth and their Russian renderings of the 19 th and early 20 th century together with the works of Russian literature critics and publicists. There have been used the methods of culture and historic analysis, historic and genetic, and historic typological analyses. Results. In view of the above stated problems, three important aspects have been highlighted and analyzed, they are as follows: traditionally narrow minded perception of the English writer’s heritage both in Russian literature and in Russian literary criticism; great popularity of many works of the English writer in Russia in a short period of time and the transformation of the perception of his works due to the growth of his popularity in Russia of some other kind than in his homeland. Conclusions. As a result of the analysis some regulations have been found out concerning Russian perception of the English romanticism depending on the artistic preferences of the author in accordance with the specific social and literary trends that were growing in Russia at that time.
Emergent literacy in kindergartners with cochlear implants.

OBJECTIVE
A key ingredient to academic success is being able to read. Deaf individuals have historically failed to develop literacy skills comparable with those of their normal-hearing (NH) peers, but early identification and cochlear implants (CIs) have improved prospects such that these children can learn to read at the levels of their peers. The goal of this study was to examine early, or emergent, literacy in these children.


METHOD
Twenty-seven deaf children with CIs, who had just completed kindergarten were tested on emergent literacy, and on cognitive and linguistic skills that support emergent literacy, specifically ones involving phonological awareness, executive functioning, and oral language. Seventeen kindergartners with NH and eight with hearing loss, but who used hearing aids served as controls. Outcomes were compared for these three groups of children, regression analyses were performed to see whether predictor variables for emergent literacy differed for children with NH and those with CIs, and factors related to the early treatment of hearing loss and prosthesis configuration were examined for children with CIs.


RESULTS
The performance of children with CIs was roughly 1 SD or more below the mean performance of children with NH on all tasks, except for syllable counting, reading fluency, and rapid serial naming. Oral language skills explained more variance in emergent literacy for children with CIs than for children with NH. Age of first implant explained moderate amounts of variance for several measures. Having one or two CIs had no effect, but children who had some amount of bimodal experience outperformed children who had none on several measures.


CONCLUSIONS
Even deaf children who have benefitted from early identification, intervention, and implantation are still at risk for problems with emergent literacy that could affect their academic success. This finding means that intensive language support needs to continue through at least the early elementary grades. Also, a period of bimodal stimulation during the preschool years can help boost emergent literacy skills to some extent.
High-bandwidth and low-energy on-chip signaling with adaptive pre-emphasis in 90nm CMOS

Long on-chip wires pose well-known latency, bandwidth, and energy challenges to the designers of high-performance VLSI systems. Repeaters effectively mitigate wire RC effects but do little to improve their energy costs. Moreover, proliferating repeater farms add significant complexity to full-chip integration, motivating circuits to improve wire performance and energy while reducing the number of repeaters. Such methods include capacitive-mode signaling, which combines a capacitive driver with a capacitive load [1,2]; and current-mode signaling, which pairs a resistive driver with a resistive load [3,4]. While both can significantly improve wire performance, capacitive drivers offer added benefits of reduced voltage swing on the wire and intrinsic driver pre-emphasis. As wires scale, slow slew rates on highly resistive interconnects will still limit wire performance due to inter-symbol interference (ISI) [5]. Further improvements can come from equalization circuits on receivers [2] and transmitters [4] that trade off power for bandwidth. In this paper, we extend these ideas to a capacitively driven pulse-mode wire using a transmit-side adaptive FIR filter and a clockless receiver, and show bandwidth densities of 2.2–4.4 Gb/s/µm over 90nm 5mm links, with corresponding energies of 0.24–0.34 pJ/bit on random data.
Decomposing Irregularly Sparse Matrices for Parallel Matrix-Vector Multiplication

Abs t r ac t . In this work, we show the deficiencies of the graph model for decomposing sparse matrices for parallel matrix-vector multiplication. Then, we propose two hypergraph models which avoid all deficiencies of the graph model. The proposed models reduce the decomposition problem to the well-known hypergraph partitioning problem widely encountered in circuit partitioning in VLSI. We have implemented fast Kernighan-Lin based graph and hypergraph partitioning heuristics and used the successful multilevel graph partitioning tool (Metis) for the experimental evaluation of the validity of the proposed hypergraph models. We have also developed a multilevel hypergraph partitioning tteuristic for experimenting the performance of the multilevel approach on hypergraph partitioning. Experimental results on sparse matrices, selected from Harwell-Boeing collection and NETLIB suite, confirm both the validity of our proposed hypergraph models and appropriateness of the multilevel approach to hypergraph partitioning.
Biomechanical and histomorphometric evaluation of a thin ion beam bioceramic deposition on plateau root form implants: an experimental study in dogs.

UNLABELLED
The aim of this study was to evaluate the biomechanical fixation, bone-to-implant contact, and bone morphology of an ion beam assisted deposition of a 300-500 nm thick Ca- and P-based bioceramic surface on a previously alumina-blasted/acid-etched Ti-6Al-4V implant surface in a dog model.


MATERIALS AND METHODS
Thirty-six 4.5 x 11 mm plateau root form implants, control (alumina-blasted/acid-etched-AB/AE) and test groups (AB/AE+300-500 nm bioceramic coating, Nanotite) were placed along a proximal tibia of six beagle dogs remaining for 2 and 4 weeks (n = 3 animals per implantation time). Following euthanization, the implants were torqued to interface fracture at approximately 0.196 radians/sec until a 10% maximum load drop was detected. The implants in bone were nondecalcified processed to approximately 30 microm thickness slides for histomorphologic and bone-to-implant contact (BIC) assessment. Statistical analyses for torque to interface fracture were performed using a mixed model ANOVA, and BIC was evaluated by the chi2 test at 95% level of significance.


RESULTS
At 4 weeks, significantly higher torque to interface fracture was observed for the Test implant surface. Histomorphologic analysis showed higher degrees of bone organization for test implants compared to control at 2 and 4 weeks. Significantly higher BIC was observed at 4 weeks compared to 2 weeks (no statistical differences between control and test implants).


CONCLUSION
The higher torque to interface fracture and increased bone maturity obtained in this study support that the surface modification comprising a 300-500 nm Ca- and P-based bioceramic coating positively influenced healing around pleateau root form implants.
Virtual world and biometrics as strongholds for the development of innovative port interoperable simulators for supporting both training and R&D

This paper proposes an integrated solution for port M&S involving distributed interoperable simulators of port cranes; the authors propose the architecture, the description of the model, The containerisation of these simulators for guaranteeing maximum mobility as well as their integration with biomedical devices. The proposed system is designed to be used in operation training of Gantry Crane Operators as well as Research and Development (R&D) support in Container Terminal, Port Plants and Facilities.
A Model of Fluid Flow in Solid Tumors

Solid tumors consist of a porous interstitium and a neoplastic vasculature composed of a network of capillaries with highly permeable walls. Blood flows across the vasculature from the arterial entrance point to the venous exit point, and enters the tumor by convective and diffusive extravasation through the permeable capillary walls. In this paper, an integrated theoretical model of the flow through the tumor is developed. The flow through the interstitium is described by Darcy's law for an isotropic porous medium, the flow along the capillaries is described by Poiseuille's law, and the extravasation flux is described by Starling's law involving the pressure on either side of the capillaries. Given the arterial, the venous, and the ambient pressure, the problem is formulated in terms of a coupled system of integral and differential equations for the vascular and interstitial pressures. The overall hydrodynamics is described in terms of hydraulic conductivity coefficients for the arterial and venous flow rates whose functional form provides an explanation for the singular behavior of the vascular resistance observed in experiments. Numerical solutions are computed for an idealized case where the vasculature is modeled as a single tube, and charts of the hydraulic conductivities are presented for a broad range of tissue and capillary wall conductivities. The results in the physiological range of conditions are found to be in good agreement with laboratory observations. It is shown that the assumption of uniform interstitial pressure is not generally appropriate, and predictions of the extravasation rate based on it may carry a significant amount of error. © 2003 Biomedical Engineering Society. PAC2003: 8719Tt, 8710+e
Amorphous SiOx nanowires grown on silicon (100) substrates via rapid thermal process of nanodiamond films

Abstract Rapid thermal process (RTP) has been carried out on the deposited nanocrystalline diamond (NCD) films. The RTP treatments performed at 800 and 1200 °C have been shown to exert prominent influence on the morphology and structure of the NCD films. The loss of material at grain boundaries has been observed at both 800 and 1200 °C RTP treatments. Large-scale amorphous SiO x nanowires with diameters of 30–50 nm and length up to 10 μm were synthesized after RTP treatment at 1200 °C for 60 s. The synthesized nanowires were characterized in detail by scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, selected area electron diffraction and energy-dispersed X-ray spectrometry analysis. A possible growth mechanism has been proposed to explain the observed phenomenon.
Fuzzy Process, Hybrid Process and Uncertain Process

This paper first reviews different types of uncertainty. In order to construct fuzzy counterparts of Brownian motion and stochastic calculus, this paper proposes some basic concepts of fuzzy process, including fuzzy calculus and fuzzy differential equation. Those new concepts are also extended to hybrid process and uncertain process. A basic stock model is presented, thus opening up a way to fuzzy financial mathematics.
Safety and efficacy of CHOP for treatment of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma with different combination antiretroviral therapy regimens: SCULPT study.

BACKGROUND
Use of combination antiretroviral therapy (cART) and cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine and prednisone (CHOP) with or without rituximab for treatment of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) in HIV substantially increases response rates but may also increase toxicity, possibly due to antiretroviral-antineoplastic drug interactions. The objective of this study was to evaluate the frequency of complete remission (CR) of DLBCL in patients treated with CHOP while receiving a protease inhibitor (PI) versus a non-PI-based cART.


METHODS
A retrospective multicentre pilot study was conducted in HIV-infected patients on cART treated for DLBCL with CHOP between 2002-2010 in three academic hospitals.


RESULTS
A total of 34 patients were included with 65% and 35% of patients receiving a PI and non-PI-based cART, respectively. Baseline characteristics between groups were similar; overall 85% were male, median age was 43 years, 50% had an International Prognostic Index (IPI) of 2-3 and median CD4(+) T-cell count was 225 cells/mm(3). CR was achieved in 77% and 58% of patients in the PI and non-PI groups, respectively (P=0.21), with 65% and 63% of patients achieving 2-year overall survival (P=1.00). A multivariate analysis showed that lower IPI score alone was significantly associated with higher CR rates (P=0.05). Toxicity was similar between both groups.


CONCLUSIONS
Similar efficacy and toxicity of CHOP was observed in patients receiving a PI and non-PI-based cART.