LLukas22/scidocs huggingface dataset:
E-Mail Reference Responses from Academic ARL Libraries: An Unobtrusive Study

E-mail reference connects patrons with reference service providers who can find answers for them. How accurate are the responses to e-mail questions? How firm are libraries' guidelines for time of response, type of questions addressed, and category of user whose questions will be answered through e-mail reference? This article examines e-mail reference services provided by academic libraries in the Association of Research Libraries (111 sites). Sets of three pretested e-mail reference queries were sent to each of these libraries during February 2001. Twenty-one assessment questions were used to record characteristics of the e-mail reference service pages and characteristics of responses to the reference queries; comparisons were made between service policies as stated and as practiced. Assessment questions covered the topics of e-mail reference policies, services to nonaffiliates, elements of reference interviews, features of reference service enabled by the e-mail medium, and accuracy of query answers. Disciplines Library and Information Science Comments This article is from Reference & User Services Quarterly 43 (2003): 59–70. Posted with permission. This article is available at Iowa State University Digital Repository: http://lib.dr.iastate.edu/refinst_pubs/45 American Library Association E-mail Reference Responses from Academic ARL Libraries: An Unobtrusive Study Author(s): Kristine Stacy-Bates Source: Reference & User Services Quarterly, Vol. 43, No. 1 (FALL 2003), pp. 59-70 Published by: American Library Association Stable URL: http://www.jstor.org/stable/20864106 . Accessed: 17/12/2014 16:18 Your use of the JSTOR archive indicates your acceptance of the Terms & Conditions of Use, available at . http://www.jstor.org/page/info/about/policies/terms.jsp . JSTOR is a not-for-profit service that helps scholars, researchers, and students discover, use, and build upon a wide range of content in a trusted digital archive. We use information technology and tools to increase productivity and facilitate new forms of scholarship. For more information about JSTOR, please contact support@jstor.org.
Matching service strategies, business models and modular business processes

Purpose – In recent decades, supply chains have diverged and new types of services and operators have emerged in the logistics sector. The purpose of this paper is to focus on analyzing service strategies and service-related business models, as well as their modular business processes in logistic services. The aims are to describe these three levels and to match strategic service positioning with business models and modular business processes. Different types of services are analyzed and the analyses are conducted on both the industry and corporate levels. Design/methodology/approach – The theoretical focus of the paper illustrates frameworks for service strategy, service positioning, business models, and business processes. The corporate level approach aims to describe the efficiency and quality of services and their processes, while the industry level approach focuses on service strategies in an industry and on the organization of business, i.e. business models. A case study is used to illustrate the strategic level divergence in logistic services and to match this with the business model framework and the business process approach. Findings – The findings show that a match exists between service strategy, business models, and operational level business processes. Standardization, service productization and modularization of services, and also service production structures are useful tools for efficient service production and output. Originality/value – Companies are currently examining new roles in supply chains and the logistics market. For management, the frameworks presented facilitate analysis of the different options available for the firm in terms of strategic positioning, structural business model portfolio, and modular business processes. Based on the theoretical frameworks, it is possible to evaluate past developments and also predict the future of services.
European Resuscitation Council Guidelines for Resuscitation 2015: Section 10. Education and implementation of resuscitation.

Department of Anaesthesiology and Pain Medicine, University Hospital Bern and University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland Emergency Department, Calderdale Royal Hospital, Halifax, Salterhebble HX3 0PW, UK School of Nursing, Midwifery & Social Work, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK Danish Institute for Medical Simulation, Center for HR, Capital Region of Denmark, Copenhagen, Denmark Knowledge Centre, ACM Training Centre, Elburg, The Netherlands Emergency Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Ghent, Ghent, Belgium
An Efficient and Flexible Implementation of Aspect-Oriented Languages

Compilers for modern object-oriented programming languages generate code in a platform independent intermediate language [LY99, CLI06] preserving the concepts of the source language; for example, classes, fields, methods, and virtual or static dispatch can be directly identified within the intermediate code. To execute this intermediate code, state-of-the-art implementations of virtual machines perform just-in-time (JIT) compilation [DS84, ACL99, Ayc03] of the intermediate language; i.e., the virtual instructions in the intermediate code are compiled to native machine code at runtime. In this step, a declarative representation of source language concepts in the intermediate language facilitates highly efficient adaptive and speculative optimization of the running program which may not be possible otherwise. In contrast, constructs of aspect-oriented languages—which improve the separation of concerns—are commonly realized by compiling them to conventional intermediate language instructions or by driving transformations of the intermediate code, which is called weaving. This way the aspect-oriented constructs’ semantics is not preserved in a declarative manner at the intermediate language level. This representational gap between aspect-oriented concepts in the source code and in the intermediate code hinders high performance optimizations and weakens features of software engineering processes like debugging support or the continuity property of incremental compilation: modifying an aspect in the source code potentially requires re-weaving multiple other modules [SDR08, RDHN06]. To leverage language implementation techniques for aspect-oriented languages, this thesis proposes the Aspect-Language Implementation Architecture (ALIA) which prescribes—amongst others—the existence of an intermediate representation preserving the aspect-oriented constructs of the source program. A central component of this architecture is an extensible and flexible meta-model of aspect-oriented concepts which acts as an interface between front-ends (usually a compiler) and back-ends (usually a virtual machine) of aspect-oriented language implementations. The architecture
Evaluation of magnetic resonance imaging and clinical outcome after tissue-engineered cartilage implantation: prospective 6-year follow-up study

BACKGROUND
Autologous chondrocyte implantation (ACI) is an important procedure when repairing cartilage defects of the knee. We previously reported several basic studies on tissue-engineered cartilage, and conducted a multicenter clinical study in 2009. In this clinical study, we evaluated the patients' clinical scores and MRI findings before and after tissue-engineered cartilage implantation, and compared the data obtained at 1 year and approximately 6 years post-implantation.


METHODS
Fourteen patients who underwent implantation of tissue-engineered cartilage to repair cartilage defects of the knee were evaluated. Tissue-engineered cartilage was produced by culturing autologous chondrocytes three dimensionally in atelocollagen gel. The patients were evaluated clinically using the Lysholm score, and the original knee-function score at pre-implantation and at 1 year and approximately 6 years post-implantation. MRI scans were obtained at the same observation periods. A modified magnetic resonance observation of cartilage repair tissue (MOCART) system was used to quantify clinical efficacy based on the MRI findings.


RESULTS
In approximately 6 years of follow-up, none of the 14 patients reported any subjective symptoms of concern. The mean Lysholm score and the original knee-function score (63.0 ± 10.1, 59.9 ± 5.7) significantly improved at 1 year after implantation (86.4 ± 11.8, 94.1 ± 9.2), and were maintained until 6 years after implantation (89.8 ± 6.2, 89.9 ± 11.2), although some patients showed deterioration of Lysholm and original knee scores between 1 year post-implantation and the final follow-up. The mean MOCART score was 13.2 ± 12.0 pre-implantation, and 62.5 ± 24.7 at 1 year and 70.7 ± 22.7 at approximately 6 years post-implantation. The MOCART scores at 1 year and 6 years were significantly higher than the pre-implantation score, but there was no significant difference between the scores at 1 and 6 years, indicating that the MRI results at 1 year after implantation were maintained for the next 5 years.


CONCLUSIONS
The clinical scores and MRI findings after implantation of tissue-engineered cartilage were improved at 1 year after implantation and were maintained until 6 years after implantation.
Note on sets of positive measure

THEOREM. Let Ai, A2, • , Av be p sets of positive measure lying in euclidean n space. Then there exist p n-dimensional spheres Si, 52, • • • , Sp such that for every set of p points sv, (*> = 1,2, • • • , p), belonging respectively to these spheres, there exists a set of p points av, (v = 1, 2, • • • , p), lying respectively in A\, A2, • • • , Ap, such that the sets [av] and {sv} are congruent. Moreover, there exists a set of p congruent spheres Sv satisfying the condition just stated and a positive number 8 such that for every selected {sv}, with sv belonging to Svy the associated {av} may be so chosen that a\ ranges over a set of measure >h.
Politics in Francophone Africa

Introduction. Contexts. The Human and Geographical Contexts of Politics. The Colonial Context. Political Life and Institutions, 1944 1960. Society and Politics. Political Cultures. Ideology and Political Style: The Uneasy Marriage of Thought and Action. Ethnicity, Religion, and National Politics. Structures, Processes, and Power. Experiments in Power, 1958 2003. Redemocratization. Rulers and Leaders. In the Shadow of the State: The Domain of Nonformal Politics. Connections. Francophone Africa in the Global Arena. Appendix. Basic Political Data on the Fourteen States.
Extractive multi-document summarization using population-based multicriteria optimization

Multi-document summarization is the process of extracting salient information from a set of source texts and present that information to the user in a condensed form. In this paper, we propose a multi-document summarization system which generates an extractive generic summary with maximum relevance and minimum redundancy by representing each sentence of the input document as a vector of words in Proper Noun, Noun, Verb and Adjective set. Five features, such as TF ISF, Aggregate Cross Sentence Similarity, Title Similarity, Proper Noun and Sentence Length associated with the sentences, are extracted, and scores are assigned to sentences based on these features. Weights that can be assigned to different features may vary depending upon the nature of the document, and it is hard to discover the most appropriate weight for each feature, and this makes generation of a good summary a very tough task without human intelligence. Multi-document summarization problem is having large number of decision parameters and number of possible solutions from which most optimal summary is to be generated. Summary generated may not guarantee the essential quality and may be far from the ideal human generated summary. To address this issue, we propose a population-based multicriteria optimization method with multiple objective functions. Three objective functions are selected to determine an optimal summary, with maximum relevance, diversity, and nov∗Ansamma John Email addresses: ansamma.john@gmail.com (Ansamma John), premjith1190@gmail.com (Premjith P.S), wilsyphilipose@hotmail.com (Wilscy M) Preprint submitted to Elsevier May 30, 2017
Understanding the relationship between institutions and economic development – Some key theoretical issues

* Texto original publicado na obra Instituições e Desenvolvimento Econômico (Teixeira; Braga, 2007, p. 03-23). ** Economista sul-coreano especialista em assuntos sobre desenvolvimento econômico. Professor da University of Cambridge, onde atualmente trabalha como redator da Revista Political Economy of Development. Autor da obra Kicking Away the Ladder: Development Strategy in Historical Perspective (2002a). Também é consultor do Banco Mundial, do Banco de Desenvolvimento Asiático e do Banco Europeu de Desenvolvimento. É conhecido por ser uma das grandes influências acadêmicas do economista Rafael Corrêa, atual Presidente do Equador (2007). *** Respectivamente, mestranda pelo curso de Ciências Políticas da Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, mestranda em Sociologia pela Universidade de São Paulo, mestrando em Sociologia pela Universidade de São Paulo e mestre em Sociologia pela Universidade de São Paulo. Understanding the relationship between institutions and economic development – Some key theoretical issues Compreendendo a relação entre instituições e desenvolvimento econômico – Alguns assuntos teóricoschave*
An Adaptive Display for the Treatment of Diverse Trauma PTSD Victims

Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) can develop after exposure to a terrifying event. People who suffer from PTSD experience hyperarousal and avoidance, and they reexperience symptoms that provoke distress and impairment in significant life areas. Cognitive behavior programs, including exposure therapy, are currently the treatment of choice for PTSD. Although these programs are effective, there is room for improvement; utilization of exposure therapy by clinicians is low, and attrition rates are high. Application of new technologies, especially virtual reality (VR), could help to overcome these issues. Several VR programs that address PTSD already exist. This study presents preliminary data on the efficacy of a VR adaptive display called EMMA's World, as applied in the treatment of diverse trauma PTSD victims. This VR program is unique; its flexibility allows it to be used to treat patients who suffer from PTSD due to different kinds of traumatic events. Results support the utility of EMMA's World in the treatment of PTSD.
Dendritic cell-based tumor vaccine for cervical cancer II: results of a clinical pilot study in 15 individual patients

Human papillomavirus (HPV) type 16 and 18 are the most prevalent genotypes in cervical cancer. The viral oncoproteins E6 and E7 are considered to be tumor-specific targets for immunotherapy. HPV E7 antigen-loaded autologous dendritic cells (DC) were evaluated as cellular tumor vaccine in a case series of cervical cancer patients. Autologous monocyte-derived DCs were pulsed with recombinant HPV16 E7 or HPV18 E7 oncoprotein and administered to 15 stage IV cervical cancer patients. Safety, toxicity, and induction of serological and cellular immune responses were monitored. The vaccine was well-tolerated and no local or systemic side effects or toxicity were recorded. A specific serologic response was seen in 3/11 evaluated patients. Specific cellular immune responses (4/11) were detected with 2/10 positive de novo reactions plus one boosted preexistent response in proliferation assays and 3/11 in IFN-γ ELISpot assays. A transient drop in tumor marker SCC was observed in 5/9 evaluable patients but did not correlate with markers of the immune response. No objective clinical response was observed. Tumor biopsies available from four patients showed severe or complete loss of HLA expression in three of the advanced tumors. Autologous dendritic cells pulsed with HPV E7 protein can induce T cell responses in a portion of late stage cervical cancer patients. Boosting of immune responses by adjuvants and vaccination of tumor HLA-positive patients will be mandatory in future trials.
The effect of music therapy compared with general recreational activities in reducing agitation in people with dementia: a randomised controlled trial.

OBJECTIVE
This study aimed to compare the effects of music therapy with general recreational day activities in reducing agitation in people with dementia, residing in nursing home facilities.


METHODS
In a randomised controlled design, residents with dementia (n = 94) were allocated to either music therapy or recreational activities. Both music therapy and general activities were offered twice weekly for 4 months. Changes in agitation were measured with a modified Cohen-Mansfield Agitation Inventory (CMAI) at four intervals on each intervention day. A mixed model analysis was used to evaluate the effectiveness of music therapy, compared with general activities, on CMAI scores at 4 h after the intervention, controlled for CMAI scores at 1 h before the session and session number.


RESULTS
Data were analysed for 77 residents (43 randomised to music therapy and 34 to general activities). In both groups, the intervention resulted in a decrease in agitated behaviours from 1 h before to 4 h after each session. This decrease was somewhat greater in the music therapy group than in the general activities group, but this difference was statistically not significant (F = 2.885, p = 0.090) and disappeared completely after adjustment for Global Deterioration Scale stage (F = 1.500; p = 0.222).


CONCLUSIONS
Both music therapy and recreational activities lead to a short-term decrease in agitation, but there was no additional beneficial effect of music therapy over general activities. More research is required to provide insight in the effects of music therapy in reducing agitation in demented older people.
Asymptotic profiles of the steady states for an SIS epidemic reaction-diffusion model

To understand the impact of spatial heterogeneity of environment and movement of individuals on the persistence and extinction of a disease, a spatial SIS reaction-diffusion model is studied, with the focus on the existence, uniqueness and particularly the asymptotic profile of the steadystates. First, the basic reproduction number R0 is defined for this SIS PDE model. It is shown that if R0 < 1, the unique disease-free equilibrium is globally asymptotic stable and there is no endemic equilibrium. If R0 > 1, the disease-free equilibrium is unstable and there is a unique endemic equilibrium. A domain is called high (low) risk if the average of the transmission rates is greater (less) than the average of the recovery rates. It is shown that the disease-free equilibrium is always unstable (R0 > 1) for high-risk domains. For low-risk domains, the disease-free equilibrium is stable (R0 < 1) if and only if infected individuals have mobility above a threshold value. The endemic equilibrium tends to a spatially inhomogeneous disease-free equilibrium as the mobility of susceptible individuals tends to zero. Surprisingly, the density of susceptible for this limiting disease-free equilibrium, which is always positive on the subdomain where the transmission rate is less than the recovery rate, must also be positive at some, but not all, places where the transmission rates are greater than the recovery rates.
Primary care screening for peripheral arterial disease: a cross-sectional observational study

BACKGROUND
Early identification of peripheral arterial disease (PAD) and subsequent instigation of risk modification strategies could minimise disease progression and reduce overall risk of cardiovascular (CV) mortality. However, the feasibility and value of primary care PAD screening is uncertain.


AIM
This study (the PIPETTE study - Peripheral arterial disease In Primary carE: Targeted screening and subsequenT managEment) aimed to determine the value of a proposed primary care PAD screening strategy. Outcomes assessed were: prevalence of PAD and agreement of ankle- brachial index (ABI)-defined PAD (ABI ≤0.9) with QRISK®2-defined high CV risk (≥20).


DESIGN AND SETTING
A cross-sectional observational study was undertaken in a large general practice in Merthyr Tydfil, Wales.


METHOD
In total, 1101 individuals with ≥2 pre-identified CV risk factors but no known CV disease or diabetes were invited to participate. Participants underwent ABI measurement and QRISK2 assessment, and completed Edinburgh Claudication Questionnaires.


RESULTS
A total of 368 people participated in the study (participation rate: 33%). Prevalence of PAD was 3% (n = 12). The number needed to screen (NNS) to detect one new case of PAD was 31. Refining the study population to those aged ≥50 years with a smoking history reduced the NNS to 14, while still identifying 100% of PAD cases. Of participants with PAD, 33% reported severe lifestyle-limiting symptoms of intermittent claudication that warranted subsequent endovascular intervention, yet had not previously presented to their GP. The QRISK2 score predicted high CV risk in 92% of participants with PAD.


CONCLUSION
The low PAD yield and the fact that QRISK2 was largely comparable to the ABI in predicting high CV risk suggests that routine PAD screening may be unwarranted. Instead, strategies to improve public awareness of PAD are needed.
Evaluation of machine-learning protocols for technology-assisted review in electronic discovery

Abstract Using a novel evaluation toolkit that simulates a human reviewer in the loop, we compare the effectiveness of three machine-learning protocols for technology-assisted review as used in document review for discovery in legal proceedings. Our comparison addresses a central question in the deployment of technology-assisted review: Should training documents be selected at random, or should they be selected using one or more non-random methods, such as keyword search or active learning? On eight review tasks -- four derived from the TREC 2009 Legal Track and four derived from actual legal matters -- recall was measured as a function of human review effort. The results show that entirely non-random training methods, in which the initial training documents are selected using a simple keyword search, and subsequent training documents are selected by active learning, require substantially and significantly less human review effort (P<0.01) to achieve any given level of recall, than passive learning, in which the machine-learning algorithm plays no role in the selection of training documents. Among passive-learning methods, significantly less human review effort (P<0.01) is required when keywords are used instead of random sampling to select the initial training documents. Among active-learning methods, continuous active learning with relevance feedback yields generally superior results to simple active learning with uncertainty sampling, while avoiding the vexing issue of "stabilization" -- determining when training is adequate, and therefore may stop.
A Computer Proof of a Series Evaluation in Terms of Harmonic Numbers

Abstract. A fruitful interaction between a new randomized WZ procedure and other computer algebra programs is illustrated by the computer proof of a series evaluation that originates from a definite integration problem.