LLukas22/scidocs huggingface dataset:
Emotional Labor and Burnout : Comparing Two Perspectives of “ People Work ”

Although it has often been presumed that jobs involving “people work” (e.g., nurses, service workers) are emotionally taxing (Maslach & Jackson, 1982), seldom is the emotional component of these jobs explicitly studied. The current study compared two perspectives of emotional labor as predictors of burnout beyond the effects of negative affectivity: job-focused emotional labor (work demands regarding emotion expression) and employeefocused emotional labor (regulation of feelings and emotional expression). Significant differences existed in the emotional demands reported by five occupational groupings. The use of surface-level emotional labor, or faking, predicted depersonalization beyond the work demands. Perceiving the demand to display positive emotions and using deep-level regulation were associated with a heightened sense of personal accomplishment, suggesting positive benefits to this aspect of work. These findings suggest new antecedents of employee burnout and clarify the emotional labor literature by comparing different conceptualizations of this concept. C © 2002 Elsevier Science
Motor training of the lumbar paraspinal muscles induces immediate changes in motor coordination in patients with recurrent low back pain.

UNLABELLED
Recurrent low back pain (LBP) is associated with altered motor coordination of the lumbar paraspinal muscles. Whether these changes can be modified with motor training remains unclear. Twenty volunteers with unilateral LBP were randomly assigned to cognitively activate the lumbar multifidus independently from other back muscles (skilled training) or to activate all paraspinal muscles with no attention to any specific muscles (extension training). Electromyographic (EMG) activity of deep (DM) and superficial multifidus (SM) muscles were recorded bilaterally using intramuscular fine-wire electrodes and that of superficial abdominal and back muscles using surface electrodes. Motor coordination was assessed before and immediately after training as onsets of trunk muscle EMG during rapid arm movements, and as EMG amplitude at the mid-point of slow trunk flexion-extension movements. Despite different intentions of the training tasks, the pattern of activity was similar for both. After both training tasks, activation of the DM and SM muscles was earlier during rapid arm movements. However, during slow trunk movements, DM and SM activity was increased, and EMG activity of the superficial trunk muscles was reduced only after skilled training. These findings show the potential to alter motor coordination with motor training of the lumbar paraspinal muscles in recurrent LBP.


PERSPECTIVES
Changes in motor coordination differed between skilled and extension training during slows trunk movements. As identical patterns of muscle activity were observed between training protocols, the results suggest that training-induced changes in motor coordination are not simply related to the muscle activation, but appear to be related to the task.
EFFECTIVENESS OF THE LIGATION OF INTERSPHINCTERIC FISTULA TRACT IN THE TREATMENT OF HIGH LYING PERIANAL FISTULA

Background: Intersphincteric fistula may be ligated during surgery of high lying perianal fistula. Objective: To evaluate the effectiveness of the Intersphincteric ligation technique of the fistulous tract in the treatment of high lying anal fistula. Methodology: Study Design. Quasi Experimental study. Study Setting: Surgical depttII BVH Bahawalpur. Sampling st st Technique: Non-probability purposive sampling. Duration: 1 February to 31 July 2016. A total of thirty patients were recruited for this study, of high lying perianal fistula, and transsphincteric variety. Diagnosis verified by EUA, fistulogram and by MRI. They were subjected to ligation of Intersphincteric fistula tract on elective operation list. All these patients were observed in ward meticulously for 5 days then discharged and follow up done on OPD basis for 3 month for recurrence of fistula and for development of complications like incontinence. The data was entered and analyzed by using SPSS version 20. Results: Twenty five patients were cured. Only 5 patients were declared of recurrence of fistula, all 5 patients were having abscess cavity and that's why fistula tract have not healed. No patient presented with incontinence. The effectiveness of LIFT procedure remained about 83% in this model. Conclusion: The Ligation of Intersphincteric Fistula Tract (LIFT) technique in mid-term evaluation is effective for the treatment of high lying anal fistula.
A Free-Viewpoint Virtual Mirror with Marker-Less User Interaction

We present a Virtual Mirror system which is able to simulate a physically correct full-body mirror on a monitor. In addition, users can freely rotate the mirror image which allows them to look at themselves from the side or from the back, for example. This is achieved through a multiple camera system and visual hull based rendering. A real-time 3D reconstruction and rendering pipeline enables us to create a virtual mirror image at 15 frames per second on a single computer. Moreover, it is possible to extract a three dimensional skeleton of the user which is the basis for marker-less interaction with the system.
Improving care for depression in obstetrics and gynecology: a randomized controlled trial.

OBJECTIVE
To evaluate an evidence-based collaborative depression care intervention adapted to obstetrics and gynecology clinics compared with usual care.


METHODS
A two-site, randomized controlled trial included screen-positive women (Patient Health Questionnaire-9 score of at least 10) who met criteria for major depression, dysthymia, or both (Mini-International Neuropsychiatric Interview). Women were randomized to 12 months of collaborative depression management or usual care; 6-month, 12-month, and 18-month outcomes were compared. The primary outcomes were change from baseline to 12 months in depression symptoms and functional status. Secondary outcomes included at least 50% decrease and remission in depressive symptoms, global improvement, treatment satisfaction, and quality of care.


RESULTS
Participants were, on average, 39 years old, 44% were nonwhite, and 56% had posttraumatic stress disorder. Intervention (n=102) compared with usual care (n=103) patients had greater improvement in depressive symptoms at 12 months (P<.001) and 18 months (P=.004). The intervention group compared with usual care group had improved functioning over the course of 18 months (P<.05), were more likely to have at least 50% decrease in depressive symptoms at 12 months (relative risk [RR] 1.74, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.11-2.73), greater likelihood of at least four specialty mental health visits (6-month RR 2.70, 95% CI 1.73-4.20; 12-month RR 2.53, 95% CI 1.63-3.94), adequate dose of antidepressant (6-month RR 1.64, 95% CI 1.03-2.60; 12-month RR 1.71, 95% CI 1.08-2.73), and greater satisfaction with care (6-month RR 1.70, 95% CI 1.19-2.44; 12-month RR 2.26, 95% CI 1.52-3.36).


CONCLUSION
Collaborative depression care adapted to women's health settings improved depressive and functional outcomes and quality of depression care.


CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION
ClinicalTrials.gov, www.clinicaltrials.gov, NCT01096316.


LEVEL OF EVIDENCE
I.
On linear free energy correlations in liquid-phase catalytic hydrogenation of aromatic compounds

Application of linear free energy relationships (correlation between kinetics and thermodynamics) to catalytic hydrogenation of aromatic compounds in the liquidphase over supported metal catalysts is discussed.
Kinetic and Optimization Studies on Ethanol Production from Corn Flour

Studies on Simultaneous Saccharification and Fermentation (SSF) of corn flour, a major agricultural product as the substrate using starch digesting glucoamylase enzyme derived from Aspergillus niger and non starch digesting and sugar fermenting Saccharomyces cerevisiae in a batch fermentation. Experiments based on Central Composite Design (CCD) were conducted to study the effect of substrate concentration, pH, temperature, enzyme concentration on Ethanol Concentration and the above parameters were optimized using Response Surface Methodology (RSM). The optimum values of substrate concentration, pH, temperature and enzyme concentration were found to be 160 g/l, 5.5, 30°C and 50 IU respectively. The effect of inoculums age on ethanol concentration was also investigated. The corn flour solution equivalent to 16% initial starch concentration gave the highest ethanol concentration of 63.04 g/l after 48 h of fermentation at optimum conditions of pH and temperature. Monod model and Logistic model were used for growth kinetics and Leudeking – Piret model was used for product formation kinetics. Keywords—Simultaneous Saccharification and Fermentation (SSF), Corn Starch, Ethanol, Logisitic Model.
Is glaucoma blindness a disease of deprivation and ignorance? A case–control study for late presentation of glaucoma in India

AIM
The aim was to identify the presenting symptoms and social risk factors for late presentation of primary glaucoma in newly diagnosed cases.


MATERIALS AND METHODS
It was a case-control study in a tertiary eye care center in Maharashtra, India. Newly diagnosed patients with primary glaucoma were classified as cases (late presenters) where there was no perception of light in one eye or severe visual field loss affecting an area within 20° of fixation or a cup-disc (C:D) ratio ≥0.8 and controls (early presenters), presenting relative scotoma within 20° of fixation or a C:D ratio <0.8, but >0.5. All patients underwent a comprehensive ocular examination including gonioscopy, perimetry, and detailed family and social history. Occupation, education, and socioeconomic status were graded. SPSS version 12.0 was used, and univariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis was performed.


RESULTS
Gradual progressive painless loss of vision was the commonest symptom (175, 87.5%). Primary angle closure glaucoma was more common in females (P = 0.001) and lower socioeconomic groups (P = 0.05). Patients who were less educated were more likely to have late presentation of glaucoma (P < 0.001, odds ratio = 0.07; 95% CI, 0.02-0.25). Knowledge of family history of glaucoma (P = 0.80, odds ratio = 1.16; 95% CI, 0.36-3.71) and eye clinic attendance in past 2 years still resulted in late presentation (P = 0.45, odds ratio = 1.34, 95% CI, 0.63-2.82).


CONCLUSION
Lack of education and awareness of glaucoma were major risk factors for late presentation.
Lumbar lordosis in prone position and prone hip extension test: comparison between subjects with and without low back pain

BACKGROUND
Prone hip extension (PHE) is a common and widely accepted test used for assessment of the lumbo-pelvic movement pattern. Considerable increased in lumbar lordosis during this test has been considered as impairment of movement patterns in lumbo-pelvic region. The purpose of this study was to investigate the change of lumbar lordosis in PHE test in subjects with and without low back pain (LBP).


METHOD
A two-way mixed design with repeated measurements was used to investigate the lumbar lordosis changes during PHE in two groups of subjects with and without LBP. An equal number of subjects (N = 30) were allocated to each group. A standard flexible ruler was used to measure the size of lumbar lordosis in prone-relaxed position and PHE test in each group.


RESULT
The result of two-way mixed-design analysis of variance revealed significant health status by position interaction effect for lumbar lordosis (P < 0.001). The main effect of test position on lumbar lordosis was statistically significant (P < 0.001). The lumbar lordosis was significantly greater in the PHE compared to prone-relaxed position in both subjects with and without LBP. The amount of difference in positions was statistically significant between two groups (P < 0.001) and greater change in lumbar lordosis was found in the healthy group compared to the subjects with LBP.


CONCLUSIONS
Greater change in lumbar lordosis during this test may be due to more stiffness in lumbopelvic muscles in the individuals with LBP.
Duodenal Electric Stimulation: Results of a First-in-Man Study.

BACKGROUND
The aim of this study was to demonstrate feasibility and safety of a new electric duodenal stimulation system (EDS, BALANCE) in humans. Secondary objectives were to evaluate the effect on glycemic control and weight loss in patients with obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).


METHODS
In an open-labeled, prospective, single-arm, non-randomized multicenter study, 12 obese T2DM patients with a mean HbA1c of 8.0% received laparoscopic implantation of the BALANCE duodenal stimulating device. Adverse events, changes in glycemic control, cardiovascular parameters, and weight were collected. The follow-up period after implantation was 12 months.


RESULTS
Device related severe adverse events did not occur. Mean HbA1c decreased by 0.8% (p = 0.02) and mean fasting blood glucose level (FBG) was reduced by 19% (p = 0.038) after the 12 months. Mean HDL level increased from 44 to 48 mg/dl (p = 0.033).


CONCLUSIONS
EDS is a feasible and safe procedure. Positive effects on T2DM and some cardiovascular parameters (HDL, weight) were seen. However, further prospective randomized blinded studies are needed in order to evaluate the potential of this new minimally invasive method.
Internet Control Message Protocol (ICMPv6) for the Internet Protocol Version 6 (IPv6) Specification

Internet Control Message Protocol (ICMPv6) for the Internet Protocol Version 6 (IPv6) Specification Status of this Memo This document specifies an Internet standards track protocol for the Internet community, and requests discussion and suggestions for improvements. Please refer to the current edition of the "Internet Official Protocol Standards" (STD 1) for the standardization state and status of this protocol. Distribution of this memo is unlimited. Abstract This document specifies a set of Internet Control Message Protocol (ICMP) messages for use with version 6 of the Internet Protocol (IPv6).
New class of broadband arrays with frequency invariant beam patterns

In this paper, a new class of broadband arrays with frequency-invariant beam patterns is proposed. By suitable substitutions, the beam pattern of a continuous sensor array with continuous temporal processing can be regarded as the Fourier transform of its spatio-temporal distribution. Based on this principle, starting from the desired frequency-invariant beam pattern, and by a series of substitutions, a simple design method is derived. This method can be applied to one-dimensional (1D), 2D, or 3D broadband arrays, either with continuous arrays and signal processing or with discrete arrays and signal processing. A 2D discrete design example is presented.
Effect on smoking quit rate of telling patients their lung age: the Step2quit randomised controlled trial.

OBJECTIVE
To evaluate the impact of telling patients their estimated spirometric lung age as an incentive to quit smoking.


DESIGN
Randomised controlled trial.


SETTING
Five general practices in Hertfordshire, England.


PARTICIPANTS
561 current smokers aged over 35.


INTERVENTION
All participants were offered spirometric assessment of lung function. Participants in intervention group received their results in terms of "lung age" (the age of the average healthy individual who would perform similar to them on spirometry). Those in the control group received a raw figure for forced expiratory volume at one second (FEV1). Both groups were advised to quit and offered referral to local NHS smoking cessation services.


MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES
The primary outcome measure was verified cessation of smoking by salivary cotinine testing 12 months after recruitment. Secondary outcomes were reported changes in daily consumption of cigarettes and identification of new diagnoses of chronic obstructive lung disease.


RESULTS
Follow-up was 89%. Independently verified quit rates at 12 months in the intervention and control groups, respectively, were 13.6% and 6.4% (difference 7.2%, P=0.005, 95% confidence interval 2.2% to 12.1%; number needed to treat 14). People with worse spirometric lung age were no more likely to have quit than those with normal lung age in either group. Cost per successful quitter was estimated at 280 pounds sterling (366 euros, $556). A new diagnosis of obstructive lung disease was made in 17% in the intervention group and 14% in the control group; a total of 16% (89/561) of participants.


CONCLUSION
Telling smokers their lung age significantly improves the likelihood of them quitting smoking, but the mechanism by which this intervention achieves its effect is unclear.


TRIAL REGISTRATION
National Research Register N0096173751.
Intelligent fuzzy MPPT controller using analysis of DC to DC novel buck converter for photovoltaic energy system applications

A maximum power point tracking (MPPT) algorithm using fuzzy controller was considered. MPPT method was implemented based on the voltage and current reference of PV value was obtained from of PV modules. Therefore, measuring both the PV module voltage and current is adequate for MPPT operation. Fuzzy controller is used to directly control the design of dc-dc new buck converter. The simulation results have been used to verify the effectiveness of the algorithm. The proposed method is produce good efficiency with low switching loss. The nonlinearity and adaptiveness of fuzzy controller provided good performance under parameter variations such as solar irradiation. Tracking of the maximum power point (MPPT) plays an important role in photovoltaic(PV) power systems because they maximize the power output from a PV system for a given set of conditions, and therefore maximize they module efficiency. This work presents a fuzzy logic controller based MPPT algorithms using design of dc to dc new buck converter for photovoltaic applications. The introduction of fuzzy controller as a solution has given very good performance and whatever the parametric variation of the system.
Sleep-disordered breathing and asthma: evidence from a large multicentric epidemiological study in China

BACKGROUND
Previous studies have postulated that sleep-disordered breathing (SDB) may be associated with the occurrence and exacerbation of asthma. However, there was limited quantitative evidence on the topic. This study aimed at investigating the prevalence and predisposing factors of asthma, and quantifying the association between SDB and asthma among school-aged children in China. In addition, a comprehensive meta-analysis of the published evidences and our findings were further conducted.


METHODS
To test the hypothesis, we conducted a multicentric cross-sectional study involving 22,478 children aged 5-12 years recruited from eight cities in China. Furthermore, a meta-analysis based on both previously published studies and our cross-sectional study was performed.


RESULTS
The prevalence rate of SDB and asthma was 12.0% and 3.5% among our cross-sectional study sample. It was demonstrated that symptoms of SDB, such as habitual snoring (OR = 1.28, 95%CI: 1.01-1.62), and obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) (OR = 1.92, 95%CI: 1.34-2.76), were significantly associated with asthma, after adjusting for potential confounding factors. In the meta-analysis, SDB was correlated with the prevalence of asthma in both children (OR = 1.58, 95%CI: 1.35-1.80) and adults (OR = 1.55, 95%CI: 1.42-1.67).


CONCLUSIONS
Our results provide further evidence for the independent association between SDB and asthma. The clinical significance of our findings lies in the emphasis that children undergoing examination or treatment for asthma should be routinely screened for sleep problems. Further systematic study is required to illuminate the underlying mechanism.
A phase 0 trial of riluzole in patients with resectable stage III and IV melanoma.

PURPOSE
Ectopic expression of GRM1 in murine melanocytes results in transformation into a form of melanoma, and more than 60% of human melanoma samples tested ectopically express GRM1. Stimulation of this receptor in vitro results in up-regulation of activated extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK). Furthermore, a xenograft model of melanoma treated with riluzole, an oral GRM1 blocking agent, showed decreased tumor growth compared with the untreated controls. We have now completed a phase 0 trial of riluzole in patients with melanoma.


EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN
Patients enrolled on this trial underwent a pretreatment biopsy, took 200 mg of oral riluzole per day for 14 days, and then underwent resection of their remaining tumor. We compared the levels of pERK and pAKT in the pretreatment and post-treatment samples and assessed the metabolic activity of pretreatment and post-treatment tumors using fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography (FDG-PET) scanning.


RESULTS
We accrued 12 patients and all expressed GRM1. We found a significant decrease in pAKT and/or pERK in post-treatment tumor samples as compared with pretreatment samples in 4 (34%) patients. These four patients had a significant decrease in FDG-PET intensity post-treatment as well. Two other patients had a clinical response with no corresponding metabolic response; five patients had similar pretreatment and post-treatment FDG-PET scan findings; and one patient had progressive disease.


CONCLUSIONS
Our data show that glutamate blockade with riluzole can inhibit signaling through the mitogen-activated protein kinase and phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/AKT pathways and suppress the metabolic activity of melanoma. The ectopic expression of metabotropic glutamate receptors may be important in the pathogenesis of human melanoma, and targeting this pathway may be an effective therapy.
Burial, Exhumation, Metamorphism and Other Dastardly Deeds Exposed at the Hesperian/Noachian Boundary in the Southern Nili Fossae Region

Introduction: The best place on Mars to examine the boundary between Noachian and Hesperian surfaces is at the southern boundary of the Nili Fossae region. Here younger Hesperian Syrtis Major lavas have been emplaced conformably over the older Noachian terrain. In this region this important boundary in the geological history of Mars is relatively free of young aeolian deposits, exposing dramatic mineralogical and physical distinctions between mafic-toultramafic Syrtis lavas and the phyllosilicate-rich Nili Fossae terrain that document the distinction between an earlier "wet" Mars and the drier Mars that followed. The richness of secondary minerals exhibited by this region of Nili Fossae has been well-documented and is under increasing observation [e.g. 1]. What the exposed Nili surface represents in geological terms is less well understood; is it a relatively unmodified surface reflecting Noachian processes, or has it been significantly altered by later interactions with Syrtis lavas? To address this question we have conducted a preliminary survey of the Hesperian /Noachian border between 70° and 80° E longitude and 15° and 20° latitude. Our results suggest that Syrtis lavas buried a significant portion of southeast Nili Fossae and that these flows were later removed, providing interesting implications for what the local mineralogy and geomorphology actually records. Syrtis Lavas: Syrtis Major Planum is one of several 1000-km-scale volcanic constructs in the circumHellas region of Mars [e.g. 2]. At the border with Nili Fossae individual flows are long, thick and low-slope, with prominent straight and unroofed channels, suggesting low viscosity, high effusivity and ultramafic to mafic compositions [e.g. 3]. The top surfaces of flows show scarce evidence of fluvial erosion and flow margins are generally rounded with modest landsliding and talus development. Burial: One flow in particular (hereafter called I80) offers significant insight into the relationship between Syrtis flows and the pre-existing eastern Nili surface (Fig 1). I-80 originates within a broad lava plain that fed flows into the largest of the Nili "Fos-