LLukas22/scidocs huggingface dataset:
Wireless Sensor Network in precision agriculture application

The Wireless Sensors Network (WSN) is nowadays widely used to build decision support systems to overcome many problems in the real-world. One of the most interesting fields having an increasing need of decision support systems is precision agriculture (PA). This paper presents WSN as the best way to solve the agricultural problems related to farming resources optimization, decision making support, and land monitoring. This approach provides real-time information about the lands and crops that will help farmers make right decisions. Using the basic principles of Internet and WSN technology, precision agriculture systems based on the internet of things (IOT) technology is explained in detail especially on the hardware architecture, network architecture and software process control of the precision irrigation system. The software monitors data from the sensors in a feedback loop which activates the control devices based on threshold value. Implementation of WSN in PA will optimize the usage of water fertilizer and also maximized the yield of the crops.
Customer orientation and performance outcomes in supply chain management

Purpose – Despite an extensive body of knowledge on the importance of customer orientation in the marketing and management literature, the impact of customer orientation and interactive system infrastructure throughout enterprise networks is not fully understood. The purpose of this paper is to present a model linking customer orientation, interactive system infrastructure, value chain practices, and network performance outcomes. Design/methodology/approach – The prior literature on customer orientation and supply chains is reviewed and a framework is presented which shows the relationship between customer orientation and network performance outcomes, along with other variables. Findings – The conclusion supports the importance of customer orientation in the context of the proposed value chain framework. Research limitations/implications – The framework introduced in this paper provides a review of customer orientation in the enterprise network and a basis for further empirical validation. Practical implications – The research framework suggests that customer orientation practices may have a positive impact on network infrastructure design, practices, and performance outcomes. Implementation of customer orientation practices and outcomes within this research framework may allow management to meet customer requirements more effectively. Originality/value – This paper expands the concept of customer-orientation in the extended enterprise network context.
6D hands: markerless hand-tracking for computer aided design

Computer Aided Design (CAD) typically involves tasks such as adjusting the camera perspective and assembling pieces in free space that require specifying 6 degrees of freedom (DOF). The standard approach is to factor these DOFs into 2D subspaces that are mapped to the x and y axes of a mouse. This metaphor is inherently modal because one needs to switch between subspaces, and disconnects the input space from the modeling space. In this paper, we propose a bimanual hand tracking system that provides physically-motivated 6-DOF control for 3D assembly. First, we discuss a set of principles that guide the design of our precise, easy-to-use, and comfortable-to-use system. Based on these guidelines, we describe a 3D input metaphor that supports constraint specification classically used in CAD software, is based on only a few simple gestures, lets users rest their elbows on their desk, and works alongside the keyboard and mouse. Our approach uses two consumer-grade webcams to observe the user's hands. We solve the pose estimation problem with efficient queries of a precomputed database that relates hand silhouettes to their 3D configuration. We demonstrate efficient 3D mechanical assembly of several CAD models using our hand-tracking system.
A foundation for capturing and querying complex multidimensional data

On-line analytical processing (OLAP) systems considerably improve data analysis and are finding wide-spread use. OLAP systems typically employ multidimensional data models to structure their data. This paper identifies 11 modeling requirements for multidimensional data models. These requirements are derived from an assessment of complex data found in real-world applications. A survey of 14 multidimensional data models reveals shortcomings in meeting some of the requirements. Existing models do not support many-to-many relationships between facts and dimensions, lack built-in mechanisms for handling change and time, lack support for imprecision, and are generally unable to insert data with varying granularities. This paper defines an extended multidimensional data model and algebraic query language that address all 11 requirements. The model reuses the common multidimensional concepts of dimension hierarchies and granularities to capture imprecise data. For queries that cannot be answered precisely due to the imprecise data, techniques are proposed that take into account the imprecision in the grouping of the data, in the subsequent aggregate computation, and in the presentation of the imprecise result to the user. In addition, alternative queries unaffected by imprecision are offered. The data model and query evaluation techniques discussed in this paper can be implemented using relational database technology. The approach is also capable of exploiting multidimensional query processing techniques like pre-aggregation. This yields a practical solution with low computational overhead. r 2001 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.
The Impacts of Charter Schools on Student Achievement: Evidence from North Carolina

Using an individual panel data set to control for student fixed effects, we estimate the impact of charter schools on students in charter schools and in nearby traditional public schools. We find that students make considerably smaller achievement gains in charter schools than they would have in public schools. The large negative estimates of the effects of attending a charter school are neither substantially biased, nor substantially offset, by positive impacts of charter schools on traditional public schools. Finally, we find suggestive evidence that about 30 percent of the negative effect of charter schools is attributable to high rates of student turnover.
Estimate of the weight of empty space based on astronomical observations

As a consequence of the equivalence principle and of the existence of a negative vacuum energy, we show how a weak but universal linear response of the vacuum to a local gravitational potential suffices to explain the main features of so-called Pioneer anomalies as well as the apparent departure from the third Kepler law which has been observed at the level of numerous galaxies.
Carbon nanotube applications in microelectronics

The extraordinary characteristics of carbon nanotubes make them a promising candidate for applications in microelectronics. Catalyst-mediated chemical vapor deposition growth is very well suited for selective in-situ growth of nanotubes compatible with the requirements of microelectronics technology. This deposition method can be exploited for carbon nanotube vias. Semiconducting single-walled tubes can be successfully operated as carbon nanotube field effect transistors (CNTFET). A simulation of an ideal CNTFET is presented and compared with the requirements of the ITRS roadmap. Finally, we compare an upgraded CNTFET with the most advanced silicon metal oxide semiconductor field effect transistors and discuss integration issues.
Simulation-Based Performance Evaluation of Routing Protocols in Vehicular Ad-hoc Network

A Vehicular Ad-hoc Network (VANET) is a collection of wireless vehicle nodes forming a temporary network without using any centralized Road Side Unit (RSU). VANET protocols have to face high challenges due to dynamically changing topologies and symmetric links of networks. A suitable and effective routing mechanism helps to extend the successful deployment of vehicular ad-hoc networks. An attempt has been made to compare the performance of two On-demand reactive routing protocols namely AODV and DSR which works on gateway discovery algorithms and a geographical routing protocol namely GPSR which works on an algorithm constantly geographical based updates network topology information available to all nodes in VANETs for different scenarios. Comparison is made on the basis of different metrics like throughput, packet loss, packet delivery ratio and end-to-end delay using SUMO and NS2 simulator. In this paper we have taken different types of scenarios for simulation and then analysed the performance results.
Managing ecotourism: an opportunity spectrum approach.

Over the past decade and a half, visitor management frameworks and procedures have been developed to address issues resulting from tourism and recreation use of areas. These have included the Recreation Opportunity Spectrum (ROS), the Tourism Opportunity Spectrum (TOS), Limits of Acceptable Change (LAC), Visitor Activities Management Planning (VAMP), and the Visitor Impact Monitoring Process (VIMP). This paper outlines a new framework, based on existing approaches, within which opportunity for ecotourism may be set. It incorporates and modifies ideas from the ROS and TOS to address ecotourism specifically, is termed the Ecotourism Opportunity Spectrum (ECOS) and contains eight components. The paper concludes with a discussion of the difficulties of assigning relative priorities to ecotourism activities in a region, and assessing the significance of the resulting environmental impacts. Copyright © 1996 Elsevier Science Ltd
Reply to Comment on Conservative Force Fields in Nonextensive Kinetic Theory

It is shown that the comment by Costa and Meneses [1] did not point any technical or conceptual flaw in our paper titled “Conservative Force Fields in Nonextensive Kinetic Theory” (Physica A 316, 289 (2002)). In particular, the application of the nonextensive distribution to the historical problem of the unbounded isothermal atmosphere under constant gravity is theoretically correct. It should be stressed that our solution is somewhat connected with a similar solution to a problem appearing in the astrophysical domain, namely, the so-called singular isothermal sphere. Actually, both problems are solved
On Electrostatics, Covalency, and Chemical Dashes: Physical Interactions versus Chemical Bonds.

The increasing availability of real-space interaction energies between quantum atoms or fragments that provide a chemically intuitive decomposition of intrinsic bond energies into electrostatic and covalent terms [see, for instance, Chem. Eur. J. 2018, 24, 9101] provides evidence for differences between the physicist's concept of interaction and the chemist's concept of a bond. Herein, it is argued that, for the former, all types of interactions are treated equally, whereas, for the latter, only the covalent short-range interactions have actually been used to build intuition about chemical graphs and chemical bonds. This has led to the bonding role of long-range Coulombic terms in molecular chemistry being overlooked. Simultaneously, blind consideration of electrostatic terms in chemical bonding parlance may lead to confusion. The relationship between these concepts is examined herein, and some notes of caution on how to merge them are proposed.
Roles of plant metal tolerance proteins (MTP) in metal storage and potential use in biofortification strategies

Zinc (Zn) is an essential micronutrient for plants, playing catalytic or structural roles in enzymes, transcription factors, ribosomes, and membranes. In humans, Zn deficiency is the second most common mineral nutritional disorder, affecting around 30% of the world's population. People living in poverty usually have diets based on milled cereals, which contain low Zn concentrations. Biofortification of crops is an attractive cost-effective solution for low mineral dietary intake. In order to increase the amounts of bioavailable Zn in crop edible portions, it is necessary to understand how plants take up, distribute, and store Zn within their tissues, as well as to characterize potential candidate genes for biotechnological manipulation. The metal tolerance proteins (MTP) were described as metal efflux transporters from the cytoplasm, transporting mainly Zn(2+) but also Mn(2+), Fe(2+), Cd(2+), Co(2+), and Ni(2+). Substrate specificity appears to be conserved in phylogenetically related proteins. MTPs characterized so far in plants have a role in general Zn homeostasis and tolerance to Zn excess; in tolerance to excess Mn and also in the response to iron (Fe) deficiency. More recently, the first MTPs in crop species have been functionally characterized. In Zn hyperaccumulator plants, the MTP1 protein is related to hypertolerance to elevated Zn concentrations. Here, we review the current knowledge on this protein family, as well as biochemical functions and physiological roles of MTP transporters in Zn hyperaccumulators and non-accumulators. The potential applications of MTP transporters in biofortification efforts are discussed.
The Impact of Service-Oriented Application Development on Software Development Methodology

Web services technology has become a key technology for system integration and the implementation of service-oriented architectures. However, many organizations are still facing challenges implementing Web services-based applications on a larger scale. The lack of an accepted and reliable framework for the implementation of Web services has been identified, among other issues, as one important challenge. The underlying assumption is that Web services-based implementations entail substantial changes in how applications are developed. The study presented in this paper examines the impact of Web services on the software development process. The current results of this research provide insights into the characteristics of software development based on Web services. The outcomes of this research are intended to contribute to a framework for guiding software methodology choices and adjustments in the context of Web services
Comparing the effectiveness of efavirenz and nevirapine for first-line antiretroviral therapy in a South African multicentre cohort.

INTRODUCTION
Current WHO guidelines for developing countries recommend efavirenz (EFV) and nevirapine (NVP) for first-line antiretroviral treatment (ART). This paper compares the effectiveness of EFV and NVP among ART-naive patients initiating treatment at 56 public health facilities in South Africa between January 2004 and December 2007.


METHODS
Participants were assigned to the EFV or NVP cohorts depending on their baseline ART regimen. Mortality, viral load suppression after 6 months and ART regimen change were compared between the cohorts using Cox proportional hazards models and logistic regression.


RESULTS
At initiation, 19 441 (71.1%) patients started EFV and 7909 (28.9%) started NVP treatment. The median follow-up period was 9.5 months (IQR 4.6-17.7). After adjustment, mortality was similar in the two cohorts, (adjusted HR = 1.07, 95% CI 0.89-1.28). Viral load suppression at 6 months was higher in the EFV cohort overall (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] = 1.29, 95% CI 1.05-1.59) and in women aged 16-40 years (AOR = 1.35, 95% CI 1.11-1.63) and women with CD4 counts <25 cells/µL (AOR = 1.95, 95% CI 1.01-3.76). Patients starting on EFV were 47% less likely to change regimen (AOR = 0.53, 95% CI 0.48-0.59).


DISCUSSION
These findings suggest the superior effectiveness of EFV for first-line ART compared with NVP and should be considered during development of future ART guidelines for high-burden regions.
Interactive Dashboards : Using Visual Analytics for knowledge Transfer and Decision Support

With the advancement in information technologies, complex and multidimensional data are generated at an unprecedented rate. The public health sector is challenged with complex and dynamic health data that are produced and housed in health information systems. These data impose a challenge on data analysts and decision makers to understand and make informed decisions about ‘wicked’ health problems. This study synthesizes the Delphi method approach and the Visual Analytics methodology to solicit experts’ inputs and focus their skills and expertise to inform the design of a visual analytical tool that can be employed to help health professionals to understand complex and heterogeneous health data, build knowledge and make informed decisions. This study introduced the design of an Analytic Injury Dashboard (AID) to help health professionals monitor and understand health indicators to make informed decisions and initiate appropriate actions. Furthermore, this study presents an empirical evaluation of the AID dashboard in a collaborative setting with multiple health stakeholders using real domain health data. Findings generated from this study will help to inform the design of effective visualization dashboard that can be used as a decisionsupport tool within the public health sector. Keywords: Visual Analytics, Public Health, Group Analytics, Problem Solving, Decision-Making. Index Terms:	  H.5.2 [User Interface]: User-Centered Design; I.3.6 [Methodology and Techniques]: Interaction Techniques; K:4:3 [Organizational Impacts]: Computer Supported Collaborative Work.
Effects of a clinician referral and exercise program for men who have completed active treatment for prostate cancer: A multicenter cluster randomized controlled trial (ENGAGE).

BACKGROUND
The purpose of this study was to determine the efficacy of a clinician referral and exercise program in improving exercise levels and quality of life for men with prostate cancer.


METHODS
This was a multicenter cluster randomized controlled trial in Melbourne, Australia comprising 15 clinicians: 8 clinicians were randomized to refer eligible participants (n = 54) to a 12-week exercise program comprising 2 supervised gym sessions and 1 home-based session per week, and 7 clinicians were randomized to follow usual care (n = 93). The primary outcome was self-reported physical activity; the secondary outcomes were quality of life, anxiety, and symptoms of depression.


RESULTS
A significant intervention effect was observed for vigorous-intensity exercise (effect size: Cohen's d, 0.46; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.09-0.82; P = .010) but not for combined moderate and vigorous exercise levels (effect size: d, 0.08; 95% CI, -0.28 to 0.45; P = .48). Significant intervention effects were also observed for meeting exercise guidelines (≥150 min/wk; odds ratio, 3.9; 95% CI, 1.9-7.8; P = .002); positive intervention effects were observed in the intervention group for cognitive functioning (effect size: d, 0.34; 95% CI, -0.02 to 0.70; P = .06) and depression symptoms (effect size: d, -0.35; 95% CI, -0.71 to 0.02; P = .06). Eighty percent of participants reported that the clinician's referral influenced their decision to participate in the exercise program.


CONCLUSIONS
The clinician referral and 12-week exercise program significantly improved vigorous exercise levels and had a positive impact on mental health outcomes for men living with prostate cancer. Further research is needed to determine the sustainability of the exercise program and its generalizability to other cancer populations.
Nonlinear System Identification of Hammerstien and Wiener Model Using Swarm Intelligence

In this paper a novel approach for nonlinear system identification is proposed using particle swarm optimization (PSO) and quantum-behaved particle swarm optimization (QPSO). PSO and QPSO algorithm, the most successful and representative swarm intelligence optimization techniques, were demonstrated as an efficient global search method for complex surfaces. The proposed method formulates the nonlinear system identification as an optimization problem in parameter space, and then PSO and QPSO are used in the optimization process to find the optimal estimation of the system parameters respectively. Application to Hammerstein and Wiener nonlinear model, in which the nonlinear static subsystems and linear dynamic subsystems are separated in different order, is studied and the simulation results show that the identification by swarm intelligence is easy in computation and superior in accuracy.
Effect of remote ischemic preconditioning on kidney injury among high-risk patients undergoing cardiac surgery: a randomized clinical trial.

IMPORTANCE
No interventions have yet been identified to reduce the risk of acute kidney injury in the setting of cardiac surgery.


OBJECTIVE
To determine whether remote ischemic preconditioning reduces the rate and severity of acute kidney injury in patients undergoing cardiac surgery.


DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS
In this multicenter trial, we enrolled 240 patients at high risk for acute kidney injury, as identified by a Cleveland Clinic Foundation score of 6 or higher, between August 2013 and June 2014 at 4 hospitals in Germany. We randomized them to receive remote ischemic preconditioning or sham remote ischemic preconditioning (control). All patients completed follow-up 30 days after surgery and were analyzed according to the intention-to-treat principle.


INTERVENTIONS
Patients received either remote ischemic preconditioning (3 cycles of 5-minute ischemia and 5-minute reperfusion in one upper arm after induction of anesthesia) or sham remote ischemic preconditioning (control), both via blood pressure cuff inflation.


MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES
The primary end point was the rate of acute kidney injury defined by Kidney Disease: Improving Global Outcomes criteria within the first 72 hours after cardiac surgery. Secondary end points included use of renal replacement therapy, duration of intensive care unit stay, occurrence of myocardial infarction and stroke, in-hospital and 30-day mortality, and change in acute kidney injury biomarkers.


RESULTS
Acute kidney injury was significantly reduced with remote ischemic preconditioning (45 of 120 patients [37.5%]) compared with control (63 of 120 patients [52.5%]; absolute risk reduction, 15%; 95% CI, 2.56%-27.44%; P = .02). Fewer patients receiving remote ischemic preconditioning received renal replacement therapy (7 [5.8%] vs 19 [15.8%]; absolute risk reduction, 10%; 95% CI, 2.25%-17.75%; P = .01), and remote ischemic preconditioning reduced intensive care unit stay (3 days [interquartile range, 2-5]) vs 4 days (interquartile range, 2-7) (P = .04). There was no significant effect of remote ischemic preconditioning on myocardial infarction, stroke, or mortality. Remote ischemic preconditioning significantly attenuated the release of urinary insulinlike growth factor-binding protein 7 and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases 2 after surgery (remote ischemic preconditioning, 0.36 vs control, 0.97 ng/mL2/1000; difference, 0.61; 95% CI, 0.27-0.86; P < .001). No adverse events were reported with remote ischemic preconditioning.


CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE
Among high-risk patients undergoing cardiac surgery, remote ischemic preconditioning compared with no ischemic preconditioning significantly reduced the rate of acute kidney injury and use of renal replacement therapy. The observed reduction in the rate of acute kidney injury and the need for renal replacement warrants further investigation.


TRIAL REGISTRATION
German Clinical Trials Register Identifier: DRKS00005333.