LLukas22/scidocs huggingface dataset:
Soft-Switching Boost Converter With a Flyback Snubber for High Power Applications

This paper presents a soft-switching boost converter with a flyback snubber for high power applications. The proposed converter configuration can achieve both near zero-voltage and zero-current soft-switching features, while it can reduce the current and voltage stresses of the main switch. In this paper, several passive and active snubbers associated with boost converters are first reviewed, and their limitations are then addressed. One of the boost converters with a flyback snubber is proposed and analyzed in detail to explain the discussed features. Experimental results obtained from a 5-kW boost converter have confirmed that the proposed converter configuration is attractive and feasible for high power applications.
Development and Validation of Extrinsic Motivation Scale for Crowdsourcing Micro-task Platforms

In this paper, we introduce a scale for measuring the extrinsic motivation of crowd workers. The new questionnaire is strongly based on the Work Extrinsic Intrinsic Motivation Scale (WEIMS) [17] and theoretically follows the Self-Determination Theory (SDT) of motivation. The questionnaire has been applied and validated in a crowdsourcing micro-task platform. This instrument can be used for studying the dynamics of extrinsic motivation by taking into account individual differences and provide meaningful insights which will help to design a proper incentives framework for each crowd worker that eventually leads to a better performance, an increased well-being, and higher overall quality.
Stochastic robustness synthesis applied to a benchmark control problem

Stochastic robustness synthesis is used to find compensators that solve a benchmark problem. The synthesis minimizes a robustness cost function that is the weighted quadratic sum of stochastic robustness metrics. These metrics probability of instability, probability of actuator saturation, and probability of settling time violation are estimated using Monte Carlo analysis. A simple search method minimizes the robustness cost by selecting values for the design parameters of a linear quadratic Gaussian regulator. The resulting compensators are robust, require low actuator authority, and compare well with previous designs.
Inhibition of poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase in tumors from BRCA mutation carriers.

BACKGROUND
The inhibition of poly(adenosine diphosphate [ADP]-ribose) polymerase (PARP) is a potential synthetic lethal therapeutic strategy for the treatment of cancers with specific DNA-repair defects, including those arising in carriers of a BRCA1 or BRCA2 mutation. We conducted a clinical evaluation in humans of olaparib (AZD2281), a novel, potent, orally active PARP inhibitor.


METHODS
This was a phase 1 trial that included the analysis of pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic characteristics of olaparib. Selection was aimed at having a study population enriched in carriers of a BRCA1 or BRCA2 mutation.


RESULTS
We enrolled and treated 60 patients; 22 were carriers of a BRCA1 or BRCA2 mutation and 1 had a strong family history of BRCA-associated cancer but declined to undergo mutational testing. The olaparib dose and schedule were increased from 10 mg daily for 2 of every 3 weeks to 600 mg twice daily continuously. Reversible dose-limiting toxicity was seen in one of eight patients receiving 400 mg twice daily (grade 3 mood alteration and fatigue) and two of five patients receiving 600 mg twice daily (grade 4 thrombocytopenia and grade 3 somnolence). This led us to enroll another cohort, consisting only of carriers of a BRCA1 or BRCA2 mutation, to receive olaparib at a dose of 200 mg twice daily. Other adverse effects included mild gastrointestinal symptoms. There was no obvious increase in adverse effects seen in the mutation carriers. Pharmacokinetic data indicated rapid absorption and elimination; pharmacodynamic studies confirmed PARP inhibition in surrogate samples (of peripheral-blood mononuclear cells and plucked eyebrow-hair follicles) and tumor tissue. Objective antitumor activity was reported only in mutation carriers, all of whom had ovarian, breast, or prostate cancer and had received multiple treatment regimens.


CONCLUSIONS
Olaparib has few of the adverse effects of conventional chemotherapy, inhibits PARP, and has antitumor activity in cancer associated with the BRCA1 or BRCA2 mutation. (ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT00516373.)
Adaptive Image-Based Trajectory Tracking Control of Wheeled Mobile Robots With an Uncalibrated Fixed Camera

In this paper, the uncalibrated image-based trajectory tracking control problem of wheeled mobile robots will be studied. The motion of the wheeled mobile robot can be observed using an uncalibrated fixed camera on the ceiling. Different from traditional vision-based control strategies of wheeled mobile robots in the fixed camera configuration, the camera image plane is not required to be parallel to the motion plane of the wheeled mobile robots and the camera can be placed at a general position. To guarantee that the wheeled mobile robot can efficiently track its desired trajectory, which is specified by the desired image trajectory of a feature point at the forward axis of the wheeled mobile robot, we will propose a new adaptive image-based trajectory tracking control approach without the exact knowledge of the camera intrinsic and extrinsic parameters and the position parameter of the feature point. To eliminate the nonlinear dependence on the unknown parameters from the closed-loop system, a depth-independent image Jacobian matrix framework for the wheeled mobile robots will be developed such that unknown parameters in the closed-loop system can be linearly parameterized. In this way, adaptive laws can be designed to estimate the unknown parameters online, and the depth information of the feature point can be allowed to be time varying in this case. The Lyapunov stability analysis will also be performed to show asymptotical convergence of image position and velocity tracking errors of the wheeled mobile robot. The simulation results based on a two-wheeled mobile robot will be given in this paper to illustrate the performance of the proposed approach as well. The experimental results based on a real wheeled mobile robot will also be provided to validate the proposed approach.
Postpartum Hypertension: Etiology, Diagnosis, and Management.

Importance
Postpartum hypertension complicates approximately 2% of pregnancies and, similar to antepartum severe hypertension, can have devastating consequences including maternal death.


Objective
This review aims to increase the knowledge and skills of women's health care providers in understanding, diagnosing, and managing hypertension in the postpartum period.


Results
Hypertension complicating pregnancy, including postpartum, is defined as systolic blood pressure 140 mm Hg or greater and/or diastolic blood pressure 90 mm Hg or greater on 2 or more occasions at least 4 hours apart. Severe hypertension is defined as systolic blood pressure 160 mm Hg or greater and/or diastolic blood pressure 110 mm Hg or greater on 2 or more occasions repeated at a short interval (minutes). Workup for secondary causes of hypertension should be pursued, especially in patients with severe or resistant hypertension, hypokalemia, abnormal creatinine, or a strong family history of renal disease. Because severe hypertension is known to cause maternal stroke, women with severe hypertension sustained over 15 minutes during pregnancy or in the postpartum period should be treated with fast-acting antihypertension medication. Labetalol, hydralazine, and nifedipine are all effective for acute management, although nifedipine may work the fastest. For persistent postpartum hypertension, a long-acting antihypertensive agent should be started. Labetalol and nifedipine are also both effective, but labetalol may achieve control at a lower dose with fewer adverse effects.


Conclusions and Relevance
Providers must be aware of the risks associated with postpartum hypertension and educate women about the symptoms of postpartum preeclampsia. Severe acute hypertension should be treated in a timely fashion to avoid morbidity and mortality. Women with persistent postpartum hypertension should be administered a long-acting antihypertensive agent.


Target Audience
Obstetricians and gynecologists, family physicians.


Learning Objectives
After completing this activity, the learner should be better able to assist patients and providers in identifying postpartum hypertension; provide a framework for the evaluation of new-onset postpartum hypertension; and provide instructions for the management of acute severe and persistent postpartum hypertension.
A simple classifier for multiple criteria ABC analysis

To have an efficient control of a huge amount of inventory items, traditional approach is to classify the inventory into different groups. Different inventory control policies can then applied to different groups. The well-known ABC classification is simple-to-understand and easy-to-use. However, ABC analysis is based on only single measurement such as annual dollar usage. It has been recognized that other criteria are also important in inventory classification. In the paper, we propose a simple model for multiple criteria inventory classification. The model converts all criteria measures of an inventory item into a scalar score. The classification based on the calculated scores using ABC principle is then applied. With proper transformation, we can obtain the scores of inventory items without a linear optimizer. The model can be widely applied to inventory managers with minimal backgrounds in optimization. 2006 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
Religion, revolution, and English radicalism : nonconformity in eighteenth-century politics and society

Preface List of tables, figures and maps Abbreviations 1. An introduction to religion in eighteenth-century political culture Part I. The Legal Status, Social Structure, and Ideology of Nonconformity: 2. Nonconformity, the law, and society 3. Nonconformity in politics: influence and independence 4. The dissenting pulpit, political ideology, and American independence 5. The dissenting pulpit and political radicalism in England Part II. Poll Books, Parliamentary Politics, and Nonconformity: 6. The dissenting interest and the American crisis in Bristol 7. The dissenting vote and electoral independence in Brstol and Great Yarmouth 8. Deference and the dissenting vote in Newcastle, Liverpool, Hull, and Colchester Part III. Petitions for Peace, Nonconformity, and Popular Politics: 9. The petitions of 1775: popular politics and the American crisis 10. The petitioners of 1775: law, social status, and religion Conclusion Appendix Bibliography Index.
Collaborative robots are rapidly providing major improvements in productivity, safety, programing ease, portability and cost while addressing many new applications

Collaborative robots are rapidly providing major improvements in productivity, safety, programing ease, portability and cost while addressing many new applications Richard Bloss Article information: To cite this document: Richard Bloss , (2016),"Collaborative robots are rapidly providing major improvements in productivity, safety, programing ease, portability and cost while addressing many new applications", Industrial Robot: An International Journal, Vol. 43 Iss 5 pp. Permanent link to this document: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/IR-05-2016-0148
Modelling bone tissue fracture and healing : a review q

This paper reviews the available literature on computational modelling in two areas of bone biomechanics: fracture and healing. Bone is a complex material, with a multiphasic, heterogeneous and anisotropic microstructure. The processes of fracture and healing can only be understood in terms of the underlying bone structure and its mechanical role. Bone fracture analysis attempts to predict the failure of musculoskeletal structures by several possible mechanisms under different loading conditions. However, as opposed to structurally inert materials, bone is a living tissue that can repair itself. An exciting new field of research is being developed to better comprehend these mechanisms and the mechanical behaviour of bone tissue. One of the main goals of this work is to demonstrate, after a review of computational models, the main similarities and differences between normal engineering materials and bone tissue from a structural point of view. We also underline the importance of computational simulations in biomechanics due to the difficulty of obtaining experimental or clinical results. 2003 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
WHEN RADIATIVE CORRECTIONS ARE FINITE, BUT UNDETERMINED

In quantum field theory radiative corrections can be finite but undetermined.
Problems in International Public Relations

For companies operating in foreign fields, management's skill in relating itself to community and government may well make the difference between failure and survival. This need provides the opportunity for the public relations man.
Influence of immune activation and inflammatory response on cardiovascular risk associated with the human immunodeficiency virus

Patients infected with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) have an increased cardiovascular risk. Although initially this increased risk was attributed to metabolic alterations associated with antiretroviral treatment, in recent years, the attention has been focused on the HIV disease itself. Inflammation, immune system activation, and endothelial dysfunction facilitated by HIV infection have been identified as key factors in the development and progression of atherosclerosis. In this review, we describe the epidemiology and pathogenesis of cardiovascular disease in patients with HIV infection and summarize the latest knowledge on the relationship between traditional and novel inflammatory, immune activation, and endothelial dysfunction biomarkers on the cardiovascular risk associated with HIV infection.
The long-term effects of a randomized trial comparing aerobic interval versus continuous training in coronary artery disease patients: 1-year data from the SAINTEX-CAD study.

BACKGROUND
Aerobic interval training (AIT) and aerobic continuous training (ACT) both improve physical fitness (peak VO2) in coronary artery disease patients. However, little is known about the long-term effects of AIT and ACT on peak VO2 and exercise adherence.


DESIGN
This study is a randomized clinical multicenter trial.


METHODS
In total, 163 patients were assessed after 12 weeks of AIT or ACT and 12 months after their enrollment. Physical fitness and physical activity measures served as the primary outcomes, and peripheral endothelial function, cardiovascular risk factors and quality of life (QoL) served as the secondary outcomes.


RESULTS
Twenty-six patients dropped out during the intervention; 11 were lost during the follow-up period. Dropouts (n = 37) consisted of more women (p = 0.001) compared to completers (n = 163). Physical fitness (VO2, heart rate and workload at peak and at thresholds) and physical activity (steps, active energy expenditure [kcal], physical activity duration [minutes]) were preserved at the 1-year follow-up (p-time > 0.05) after both AIT and ACT (p-interaction > 0.05). Forty percent of patients showed increased peak VO2, 52% showed increased active energy expenditure and 91.2% met the recommended levels of 150 minutes/week of moderate physical activity (p-group > 0.05). Further, peripheral endothelial function, QoL and cardiovascular risk factors, except systolic blood pressure (p-time < 0.05), remained stable (p-time > 0.05) after both AIT and ACT (p-interaction > 0.05).


CONCLUSION
The short-term improvements of center-based AIT and ACT on physical fitness, physical activity, peripheral endothelial function, cardiovascular risk factors and QoL are sustained after a 1-year follow-up period. The majority of patients (>90%) met the recommended physical activity levels of 150 minutes/week.
Exploring Chinese users' acceptance of instant messaging using the theory of planned behavior, the technology acceptance model, and the flow theory

0747-5632/$ see front matter 2008 Elsevier Ltd. A doi:10.1016/j.chb.2008.06.002 * Corresponding author. Tel.: +86 13735892489. E-mail addresses: luyb@mail.hust.edu.cn (Y. Lu), zh binwang@utpa.edu (B. Wang). 1 Tel.: +1 956 3813336. Instant messaging (IM) is a popular Internet application around the world. In China, the competition in the IM market is very intense and there are over 10 IM products available. We examine the intrinsic and extrinsic motivations that affect Chinese users’ acceptance of IM based on the theory of planned behavior (TPB), the technology acceptance model (TAM), and the flow theory. Results demonstrate that users’ perceived usefulness and perceived enjoyment significantly influence their attitude towards using IM, which in turn impacts their behavioral intention. Furthermore, perceived usefulness, users’ concentration, and two components of the theory of planned behavior (TPB): subjective norm and perceived behavioral control, also have significant impact on the behavioral intention. Users’ intention determines their actual usage behavior. 2008 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
A tutorial survey of architectures, algorithms, and applications for deep learning

In this invited paper, my overview material on the same topic as presented in the plenary overview session of APSIPA-2011 and the tutorial material presented in the same conference [1] are expanded and updated to include more recent developments in deep learning. The previous and the updatedmaterials cover both theory and applications, and analyze its future directions. The goal of this tutorial survey is to introduce the emerging area of deep learning or hierarchical learning to the APSIPA community. Deep learning refers to a class of machine learning techniques, developed largely since 2006, where many stages of non-linear information processing in hierarchical architectures are exploited for pattern classification and for feature learning. In the more recent literature, it is also connected to representation learning, which involves a hierarchy of features or concepts where higherlevel concepts are defined from lower-level ones and where the same lower-level concepts help to define higher-level ones. In this tutorial survey, a brief history of deep learning research is discussed first. Then, a classificatory scheme is developed to analyze and summarize major work reported in the recent deep learning literature. Using this scheme, I provide a taxonomy-oriented survey on the existing deep architectures and algorithms in the literature, and categorize them into three classes: generative, discriminative, and hybrid. Three representative deep architectures – deep autoencoders, deep stacking networks with their generalization to the temporal domain (recurrent networks), and deep neural networks (pretrained with deep belief networks) – one in each of the three classes, are presented in more detail. Next, selected applications of deep learning are reviewed in broad areas of signal and information processing including audio/speech, image/vision, multimodality, language modeling, natural language processing, and information retrieval. Finally, future directions of deep learning are discussed and analyzed.
Protocols and Applications of Ad-hoc Robot Wireless Communication Networks: An Overview

Communications and communication protocols play an important role in mobile robot systems. They enable the latter to address many real world applications. Since the advent of highperformance wireless local area network (WLAN) and ad hoc networking technology at relatively low cost, their use for wireless communications among mobile robots has become a practical proposition. However, in a large system with many mobile robots, it becomes difficult for all robots to exchange information at a time because of their limited communication capacities. In this case, an ad-hoc robot networking scheme is more promising. This paper focuses on this scheme by presenting the background of mobile ad hoc networks, ad-hoc robot wireless communications, and their applications. It serves readers with a comprehensive review of adhoc robot wireless communications and indication of the future
Two Doses of Candidate TB Vaccine MVA85A in Antiretroviral Therapy (ART) Naïve Subjects Gives Comparable Immunogenicity to One Dose in ART+ Subjects

Tuberculosis (TB) is a global public health problem exacerbated by the HIV epidemic. Here we evaluate a candidate TB vaccine, MVA85A, in a Phase I study in HIV-infected adults in Senegal. 24 patients were enrolled: Group 1∶12, antiretroviral therapy (ART) naïve, adults, with CD4 counts >300 and HIV RNA load <100,000 copies/ml. Group 2∶12 adults, stable on ART, with CD4 counts >300, and an undetectable HIV RNA load. Safety was evaluated by occurrence of local and systemic adverse events (AEs) and by monitoring of CD4 count, HIV RNA load, haematology and biochemistry. Immunogenicity was evaluated by ex-vivo interferon-gamma ELISpot assay. 87.7% of AEs were mild; 11.6% were moderate; and 0.7% were severe. 29.2% of AEs were systemic; 70.8% were expected local AEs. There were no vaccine-related Serious Adverse Events (SAEs) or clinically significant effects on HIV RNA load or CD4 count. In ART naive subjects, the first MVA85A immunisation induced a significant immune response at 1 and 4 weeks post-immunisation, which contracted to baseline by 12 weeks. Durability of immunogenicity in subjects on ART persisted out to 24 weeks post-vaccination. A second dose of MVA85A at 12 months enhanced immunogenicity in ART naïve subjects. Subjects on ART had higher responses after the first vaccination compared with ART naïve subjects; responses were comparable after 2 immunisations. In conclusion, MVA85A is well-tolerated and immunogenic in HIV-infected subjects in Senegal. A two dose regimen in ART naïve subjects is comparable in immunogenicity to a single dose in subjects on ART. Clinicaltrials.gov trial identifier NCT00731471.
Joint Adoption of QoS Schemes for MPEG Streams

Indiscriminated packet discards strongly degrade the quality perceived by end users of MPEG video transmissions. This paper investigates different Quality of Service (QoS) schemes and the tradeoffs of jointly adopting such schemes to improve the delivery quality of an MPEG stream. From an analytical model, we evaluate the impact of frame losses on the quality of MPEG streams and on the waste of network resources. Our assessment considers issues such as the use of redundancy by applying a Forward Error Correction (FEC) scheme to tolerate losses, the changing of the compression factor in MPEG encoding, the unequal protection of MPEG frames in a Differentiated Services environment, and how to evaluate the impact of network losses onto application quality. Results provide predicted bounds on the quality to be expected by end users as well as guidelines on how to take the best advantage from the joint adoption of the investigated QoS schemes.