LLukas22/scidocs huggingface dataset:
Preventing anxiety problems in children with Cool Little Kids Online: study protocol for a randomised controlled trial

BACKGROUND
Anxiety disorders are the most common type of mental health problem and begin early in life. Early intervention to prevent anxiety problems in young children who are at risk has the potential for long-term impact. The 'Cool Little Kids' parenting group program was previously established to prevent anxiety disorders in young children at risk because of inhibited temperament. This group program was efficacious in two randomised controlled trials and has recently been adapted into an online format. 'Cool Little Kids Online' was developed to widen and facilitate access to the group program's preventive content. A pilot evaluation of the online program demonstrated its perceived utility and acceptability among parents. This study aims to evaluate the efficacy of Cool Little Kids Online in a large randomised controlled trial.


METHODS/DESIGN
Parents of young children who are 3-6 years old and who have an inhibited temperament will be recruited (n = 385) and randomly assigned to either immediate access to Cool Little Kids Online or delayed access after a waiting period of 24 weeks. The online program contains eight modules that help parents address key issues in the development of anxiety problems in inhibited children, including children's avoidant coping styles, overprotective parenting behaviours, and parents' own fears and worries. Intervention participants will be offered clinician support when requested. The primary outcome will be change in parent-reported child anxiety symptoms. Secondary outcomes will be child internalising symptoms, child and family life interference due to anxiety, over-involved/protective parenting, plus child anxiety diagnoses assessed by using a new online diagnostic tool. Assessments will take place at baseline and 12 and 24 weeks after baseline.


DISCUSSION
This trial expands upon previous research on the Cool Little Kids parenting group program and will evaluate the efficacy of online delivery. Online delivery of the program could result in an easily accessible evidence-based resource to help families with young children at temperamental risk for anxiety disorders.


TRIAL REGISTRATION
Australian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry 12615000217505 (registered 5 March 2015).
Who Were the Early Adopters of Dabigatran?: An Application of Group-based Trajectory Models.

BACKGROUND
Variation in physician adoption of new medications is poorly understood. Traditional approaches (eg, measuring time to first prescription) may mask substantial heterogeneity in technology adoption.


OBJECTIVE
Apply group-based trajectory models to examine the physician adoption of dabigratran, a novel anticoagulant.


METHODS
A retrospective cohort study using prescribing data from IMS Xponent™ on all Pennsylvania physicians regularly prescribing anticoagulants (n=3911) and data on their characteristics from the American Medical Association Masterfile. We examined time to first dabigatran prescription and group-based trajectory models to identify adoption trajectories in the first 15 months. Factors associated with rapid adoption were examined using multivariate logistic regressions.


OUTCOMES
Trajectories of monthly share of oral anticoagulant prescriptions for dabigatran.


RESULTS
We identified 5 distinct adoption trajectories: 3.7% rapidly and extensively adopted dabigatran (adopting in ≤3 mo with 45% of prescriptions) and 13.4% were rapid and moderate adopters (≤3 mo with 20% share). Two groups accounting for 21.6% and 16.1% of physicians, respectively, were slower to adopt (6-10 mo post-introduction) and dabigatran accounted for <10% share. Nearly half (45.2%) of anticoagulant prescribers did not adopt dabigatran. Cardiologists were much more likely than primary care physicians to rapidly adopt [odds ratio (OR)=12.2; 95% confidence interval (CI), 9.27-16.1] as were younger prescribers (age 36-45 y: OR=1.49, 95% CI, 1.13-1.95; age 46-55: OR=1.34, 95% CI, 1.07-1.69 vs. >55 y).


CONCLUSIONS
Trajectories of physician adoption of dabigatran were highly variable with significant differences across specialties. Heterogeneity in physician adoption has potential implications for the cost and effectiveness of treatment.
TPC-DS, taking decision support benchmarking to the next level

TPC-DS is a new decision support benchmark currently under development by the Transaction Processing Performance Council (TPC). This paper provides a brief overview of the new benchmark. The benchmark models the decision support functions of a retail product supplier, including data loading, multiple types of queries and data maintenance. The database consists of multiple snowflake schemas with shared dimension tables; data is skewed; and the query set is large. Overall, the benchmark is considerably more realistic than previous decision support benchmarks.
Effect evaluation of a self-management programme for employees with complaints of the arm, neck or shoulder: a randomised controlled trial.

OBJECTIVE
To evaluate the effectiveness of a self-management intervention (including an eHealth module), compared with usual care, in employees with chronic non-specific complaints of the arm, neck or shoulder (persisting >3 months).


METHODS
Participants were randomised into the self-management group (SG) or usual care group (UCG). The SG participated in 6 self-management sessions and could use an eHealth module; the UCG could use all available usual care. The primary outcome of the study was score on the Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder and Hand questionnaire (DASH). Secondary outcomes included: absenteeism, pain in the previous week, quality of life, pain catastrophising, self-efficacy, work style, presenteeism, fatigue, and limitations experienced during work. Data were analysed using generalised estimating equations (GEE) linear regression and Mann-Whitney U tests, and were collected at baseline, 3-month, 6-month, and 12-month follow-up.


RESULTS
On the general module of the DASH, no significant difference between SG and the UCG was detected. On most of the other outcome measures, there were no significant between-group differences. In the DASH work module, the between-group effect was -3.82 (95% CI -7.46 to -0.19, p=0.04). For limitations experienced in job-related activities the between-group effect was -1.01 (95% CI -1.97 to -0.04, p=0.04). The mean hours of sport activities in the past 3 months, measured at 12 months, was 1.00 h (95% CI -1.90 to -0.12 h, p=0.03) less in the SG compared with the UCG.


CONCLUSIONS
The self-management intervention improved the participants' perceived disability during work. Since no significant between-group differences were found on most outcome measures, the results of this study should be interpreted with caution.


TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER
Dutch Trial Registration number NTR 3816.
Accounting in Russia: Challenges for Hospitality Stakeholders

ABSTRACT This paper explores the differences between the Russian and Western accounting systems. As Western hospitality companies enter the markets of the former Soviet Union, this understanding will be imperative. Under the Soviet government, the hospitality industry in Russia was very poorly developed. After the collapse of the U.S.S.R in 1991, many businesses in Russia, including hotels and restaurants, flourished but the accounting systems to support them remained antiquated or nonexistent. Unfortunately, the current Russian accounting system still closely reflects the Soviet accounting system. Russian accounting standards are very confusing for foreign investors, creditors, and managers who want to do business in Russia.
Correlation and classification of single kernel fluorescence hyperspectral data with aflatoxin concentration in corn kernels inoculated with Aspergillus flavus spores.

The objective of this study was to examine the relationship between fluorescence emissions of corn kernels inoculated with Aspergillus flavus and aflatoxin contamination levels within the kernels. Aflatoxin contamination in corn has been a long-standing problem plaguing the grain industry with potentially devastating consequences to corn growers. In this study, aflatoxin-contaminated corn kernels were produced through artificial inoculation of corn ears in the field with toxigenic A. flavus spores. The kernel fluorescence emission data were taken with a fluorescence hyperspectral imaging system when corn kernels were excited with ultraviolet light. Raw fluorescence image data were preprocessed and regions of interest in each image were created for all kernels. The regions of interest were used to extract spectral signatures and statistical information. The aflatoxin contamination level of single corn kernels was then chemically measured using affinity column chromatography. A fluorescence peak shift phenomenon was noted among different groups of kernels with different aflatoxin contamination levels. The fluorescence peak shift was found to move more toward the longer wavelength in the blue region for the highly contaminated kernels and toward the shorter wavelengths for the clean kernels. Highly contaminated kernels were also found to have a lower fluorescence peak magnitude compared with the less contaminated kernels. It was also noted that a general negative correlation exists between measured aflatoxin and the fluorescence image bands in the blue and green regions. The correlation coefficients of determination, r(2), was 0.72 for the multiple linear regression model. The multivariate analysis of variance found that the fluorescence means of four aflatoxin groups, <1, 1-20, 20-100, and >or=100 ng g(-1) (parts per billion), were significantly different from each other at the 0.01 level of alpha. Classification accuracy under a two-class schema ranged from 0.84 to 0.91 when a threshold of either 20 or 100 ng g(-1) was used. Overall, the results indicate that fluorescence hyperspectral imaging may be applicable in estimating aflatoxin content in individual corn kernels.
Design and start-up of spherical robot with internal pendulum

Mobile robots are the subject of many studies in robotics. Nevertheless, there is still a lot to be done in this field of knowledge, especially if it comes to ball-shaped constructions. This document focuses on a design and manual remote control of a mobile spherical robot with an internal pendulum like mechanism.
DESIGN OF AN ADAPTIVE E-LEARNING MODEL BASED ON LEARNER ’ S PERSONALITY

Personalized e-learning implementation is recognized as among one of the most interesting research areas in the distance Web-based education. Since the learning style of each learner is different we must to fit e-learning to the different needs of learners. This paper presents an Adaptive e-learning model based personality learner’s. To recognize the learner’s personality, this system uses the MyersBriggs Type Indicator's (MBTI) personality dimensions. Secondly, it will propose a Personalized Education System LearnFit Framework that suggests a learning style matching with learner’s preference in online distance learning education.
Hardware Abstraction Layer (HAL)

ION LAYER FOR IMPLEMENTATION OF EXTENSIONS IN PROGRAMMABLE NETWORKS Hardware Abstraction Layer (HAL)
IEC 61850 - What It Can and Cannot Offer to Traditional Protection Schemes

As the latest standard that is quickly gaining popularity in power substation automation, IEC 61850 offers self-descriptive object data models, standardized configurability with Substation Configuration Language (SCL), the promise of interoperations among intelligent electronic devices (IEDs) from different manufacturers, and lower integration installation costs. The IEC 61850 standard initially focused on communications between IEDs within a single power substation. However, the working groups of IEC Technical Committee TC57 are preparing IEC 61850 for communications between substations and between substations and control centers. Most existing papers regarding IEC 61850 concentrate on the standard, communication, and automation. In this paper, from a protection engineer’s point of view, we examine what the standard can and cannot offer to traditional protection schemes that require communications assistance. These protection schemes include fast bus tripping, breaker failure, directional comparison blocking (DCB), permissive overreaching transfer trip (POTT), and others. We review the Generic Object-Oriented Substation Event (GOOSE) control mode mechanism of the standard: its generation, mapping, communication over local-area and wide-area networks, and timing aspects. With this knowledge, we compare the use of GOOSE messages with traditional protection schemes in terms of feasibility, speed, and dependability.
Towards a dynamic theory of virtual communities

In this paper, a theoretical notion of virtual community is developed that is based on the idea of dynamic, self-organising social systems. In intersubjective concepts, Virtual Communities (VCs) are conceived as continuous communicative relationships that are computer-mediated. Objective notions of VCs stress either that such online communication systems involve shared values, a shared identity and feelings of togetherness or that they are structured by technology or economy (online market places). The approach presented on this paper is based on the idea that structures and communicative practices are dialectically connected and that hence technological networks and social systems form two interlinked subsystems of a virtual community. Three connected levels of a virtual community are introduced: the technological infrastructure, communicative practices and cooperation. The third level is not reached in all VCs. Web 2.0 applications like wikis and blogs have a potential to advance cooperation and participation in social systems.
Neuromechanical Principles Underlying Movement Modularity and Their Implications for Rehabilitation

Neuromechanical principles define the properties and problems that shape neural solutions for movement. Although the theoretical and experimental evidence is debated, we present arguments for consistent structures in motor patterns, i.e., motor modules, that are neuromechanical solutions for movement particular to an individual and shaped by evolutionary, developmental, and learning processes. As a consequence, motor modules may be useful in assessing sensorimotor deficits specific to an individual and define targets for the rational development of novel rehabilitation therapies that enhance neural plasticity and sculpt motor recovery. We propose that motor module organization is disrupted and may be improved by therapy in spinal cord injury, stroke, and Parkinson's disease. Recent studies provide insights into the yet-unknown underlying neural mechanisms of motor modules, motor impairment, and motor learning and may lead to better understanding of the causal nature of modularity and its underlying neural substrates.
Short-chain fatty acid receptor and its contribution to glucagon-like peptide-1 release.

BACKGROUND
Gut microbiota affects host homeostasis and dysbiosis causes host diseases. Therefore, uncovering the sensing mechanism of bacterial metabolites such as short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) may help us to understand the host-microbiota interaction both in physiological and nonphysiological conditions.


SUMMARY
The colonic lumen is continually exposed to many kinds of chemicals, including beneficial and harmful compounds that are produced by gut microbiota in addition to ingested nutrients. In the mammalian colon SCFAs such as acetate, propionate and butyrate are produced by bacterial fermentation and reach about 100 mM under physiological conditions. In this decade, SCFA receptor genes and their expression in the intestine have been identified as free fatty acid receptor (FFA)2 and FFA3. The FFAs are located in colonic enteroendocrine L cells producing and releasing an insulinotropic hormone, glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1), and an anorectic hormone, peptide YY. Recent in vivo and in vitro studies suggest that SCFAs stimulate gut hormone secretion. Therefore, the SCFA-FFA signal is likely to be important for gut physiological functions.


KEY MESSAGE
Colonic epithelial cells express chemical receptors that detect the luminal contents, particularly bacterial metabolites, and may be involved in the host's energy metabolism via GLP-1 release, as well as the mucosal defense system.
Uniformly defining valuation rings in Henselian valued fields with finite or pseudo-finite residue fields

We give a definition, in the ring language, of Zp inside Qp and of Fp[[t]] inside Fp((t)), which works uniformly for all p and all finite field extensions of these fields, and in many other Henselian valued fields as well. The formula can be taken existential-universal in the ring language, and in fact existential in a modification of the language of Macintyre. Furthermore, we show the negative result that in the language of rings there does not exist a uniform definition by an existential formula and neither by a universal formula for the valuation rings of all the finite extensions of a given Henselian valued field. We also show that there is no existential formula of the ring language defining Zp inside Qp uniformly for all p. For any fixed finite extension of Qp, we give an existential formula and a universal formula in the ring language which define the valuation ring.
Robust PCA and classification in biosciences

MOTIVATION
Principal components analysis (PCA) is a very popular dimension reduction technique that is widely used as a first step in the analysis of high-dimensional microarray data. However, the classical approach that is based on the mean and the sample covariance matrix of the data is very sensitive to outliers. Also, classification methods based on this covariance matrix do not give good results in the presence of outlying measurements.


RESULTS
First, we propose a robust PCA (ROBPCA) method for high-dimensional data. It combines projection-pursuit ideas with robust estimation of low-dimensional data. We also propose a diagnostic plot to display and classify the outliers. This ROBPCA method is applied to several bio-chemical datasets. In one example, we also apply a robust discriminant method on the scores obtained with ROBPCA. We show that this combination of robust methods leads to better classifications than classical PCA and quadratic discriminant analysis.


AVAILABILITY
All the programs are part of the Matlab Toolbox for Robust Calibration, available at http://www.wis.kuleuven.ac.be/stat/robust.html.
Applications of Lexical Cohesion Analysis in the Topic Detection and Tracking Domain

iii Acknowledgements iv Chapter
Developing multi-agent systems with a FIPA-compliant agent framework

To ease large-scale realization of agent applications there is an urgent need for frameworks, methodologies and toolkits that support the effective development of agent systems. Moreover, since one of the main tasks for which agent systems were invented is the integration between heterogeneous software, independently developed agents should be able to interact successfully. In this paper, we present JADE (Java Agent Development Environment), a software framework to build agent systems for the management of networked information resources in compliance with the FIPA specifications for inter-operable intelligent multi-agent systems. The goal of JADE is to simplify development while ensuring standard compliance through a comprehensive set of system services and agents. JADE can then be considered to be an agent middle-ware that implements an efficient agent platform and supports the development of multi-agent systems. It deals with all the aspects that are not peculiar to agent internals and that are independent of the applications, such as message transport, encoding and parsing, or agent life-cycle management. Copyright  2001 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Computerized lifestyle intervention in routine primary health care : Evaluation of usage on provider and responder levels

Objective The aim of this study was to evaluate the use of a computerized concept for lifestyle intervention in routine primary health care (PHC). Methods Nine PHC units were equipped with computers providing a lifestyle test and tailored printed advice. Patients were referred by staff, and performed the test anonymously. Data were collected over a period of one year. Results An average of 5.7% of the individuals visiting PHC during the study period performed the test. There were great differences between the units in the number of tests performed and in the proportion of patients referred. One-fifth of the respondents scored for hazardous alcohol consumption, and one-fourth reported low levels of physical activity. A majority of respondents found the test easy to perform, and a majority of those referred to the test found referral positive. Conclusion The computerized test can be used for screening and intervention regarding lifestyle behaviour in primary care. Responders are positive to the test and to referral. Practice implications A more widespread implementation of computerized lifestyle tests could be a beneficial complement to face-to-face interventions in primary care.
A Continent of Pictures: Reflections on the "Europe" of Nineteenth-Century Tourists

(Oxford UP, 1993). O S BSERVING THE frustration of a tourist's anticipations can help us grasp the basis of their fulfillment. In the early 1820s, a disappointed William Hazlitt found Rome to consist mainly of "a mass of tawdry, fulsome common-places," such as "an almost uninterrupted succession of narrow, vulgar-looking streets [filled] with the dingy, melancholy flat fronts of modem-built brick houses." What, he asked, had "a green-grocer's stall, a stupid English china warehouse, a putrid trattoria, a barber's sign, an old clothes or old picture shop or a Gothic palace, with two or three lacqueys in modern livery lounging at the gate, to do with ancient Rome?" (279-80). Twenty years later, Frances Trollope arrived in Florence, dreaming of "enter[ing] bodily into the presence of Dante, Petrarch, and Boccaccio, . . .the great Cosmo . . . and Lorenzo," only to discover that Florence's "great historic features were merged in the ordinary appearances, common to all cities of the earth"; her "poetical reminiscences gave way before the confusion of butchers' stalls, grocers' shops, pedlars' booths, and the busy, and not very picturesque-looking population which was basking among them" (1: 94-95). A quarter century later, Henry James disliked Darmstadt for "reminding [the visitor] of the most sordid, the most squalid prose he knows-the cornergroceries and the region of the docks in his native metropolis" (Transatlantic 373). Passages like these are plentiful in the British and American travel literature of the nineteenth century. What were these travelers seeking, that such mundane presences as "butchers' stalls, grocers' shops, [and] pedlars' booths" should so discomfit them? I want to look beyond differences in specific ideals (antiquity for Hazlitt, Renaissance for Trollope) to consider the desideratum these passages clearly share, namely, alterity as such. This goal is apt to seem perfectly natural for travelers-who goes abroad to encounter what is near at hand? Unless the ordinary shops, eating