LLukas22/scidocs huggingface dataset:
Consensus spectral clustering in near-linear time

This paper addresses the scalability issue in spectral analysis which has been widely used in data management applications. Spectral analysis techniques enjoy powerful clustering capability while suffer from high computational complexity. In most of previous research, the bottleneck of computational complexity of spectral analysis stems from the construction of pairwise similarity matrix among objects, which costs at least O(n2) where n is the number of the data points. In this paper, we propose a novel estimator of the similarity matrix using K-means accumulative consensus matrix which is intrinsically sparse. The computational cost of the accumulative consensus matrix is O(nlogn). We further develop a Non-negative Matrix Factorization approach to derive clustering assignment. The overall complexity of our approach remains O(nlogn). In order to validate our method, we (1) theoretically show the local preserving and convergent property of the similarity estimator, (2) validate it by a large number of real world datasets and compare the results to other state-of-the-art spectral analysis, and (3) apply it to large-scale data clustering problems. Results show that our approach uses much less computational time than other state-of-the-art clustering methods, meanwhile provides comparable clustering qualities. We also successfully apply our approach to a 5-million dataset on a single machine using reasonable time. Our techniques open a new direction for high-quality large-scale data analysis.
( 1 + 1 ) -dimensional Galilean supersymmetry in ultracold quantum gases

We discuss a (1+1)-dimensional Galilean invariant model recently introduced in connection with ultracold quantum gases. After showing its relation to a nonrelativistic (2+1) Chern-Simons matter system, we identify the generators of the supersymmetry and its relation with the existence of self-dual equations.
Personality dimensions in bulimia nervosa, binge eating disorder, and obesity.

OBJECTIVE
The purpose of this investigation was to examine differences in personality dimensions among individuals with bulimia nervosa, binge eating disorder, non-binge eating obesity, and a normal-weight comparison group as well as to determine the extent to which these differences were independent of self-reported depressive symptoms.


METHOD
Personality dimensions were assessed using the Multidimensional Personality Questionnaire in 36 patients with bulimia nervosa, 54 patients with binge eating disorder, 30 obese individuals who did not binge eat, and 77 normal-weight comparison participants.


RESULTS
Participants with bulimia nervosa reported higher scores on measures of stress reaction and negative emotionality compared to the other 3 groups and lower well-being scores compared to the normal-weight comparison and the obese samples. Patients with binge eating disorder scored lower on well-being and higher on harm avoidance than the normal-weight comparison group. In addition, the bulimia nervosa and binge eating disorder groups scored lower than the normal-weight group on positive emotionality. When personality dimensions were reanalyzed using depression as a covariate, only stress reaction remained higher in the bulimia nervosa group compared to the other 3 groups and harm avoidance remained higher in the binge eating disorder than the normal-weight comparison group.


CONCLUSIONS
The higher levels of stress reaction in the bulimia nervosa sample and harm avoidance in the binge eating disorder sample after controlling for depression indicate that these personality dimensions are potentially important in the etiology, maintenance, and treatment of these eating disorders. Although the extent to which observed group differences in well-being, positive emotionality, and negative emotionality reflect personality traits, mood disorders, or both, is unclear, these features clearly warrant further examination in understanding and treating bulimia nervosa and binge eating disorder.
BorderSense: Border patrol through advanced wireless sensor networks

The conventional border patrol systems suffer from intensive human involvement. Recently, unmanned border patrol systems employ high-tech devices, such as unmanned aerial vehicles, unattended ground sensors, and surveillance towers equipped with camera sensors. However, any single technique encounters inextricable problems, such as high false alarm rate and line-of-sight-constraints. There lacks a coherent system that coordinates various technologies to improve the system accuracy. In this paper, the concept of BorderSense, a hybrid wireless sensor network architecture for border patrol systems, is introduced. BorderSense utilizes the most advanced sensor network technologies, including the wireless multimedia sensor networks and the wireless underground sensor networks. The framework to deploy and operate BorderSense is developed. Based on the framework, research challenges and open research issues are discussed. 2010 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
Comparative investigations on the efficacy of articaine 4% (epinephrine 1:200,000) and articaine 2% (epinephrine 1:200,000) in local infiltration anaesthesia in dentistry—a randomised double-blind study

A randomised double-blind study investigated 155 patients with tooth extractions in the mandibular and maxillary jaws for a loss of anaesthetic potency when reducing the concentration of the active in articaine solutions. Tests were performed on the preparations of articaine 4% with a 1:200,000 addition of epinephrine (Ultracain D-S) and articaine 2% with a 1:200,000 addition of epinephrine (Ultracain 2%-Suprarenin). Local infiltration anaesthesia was the chosen method of anaesthesia. The most noticeable difference observed between the two injection solutions concerned the duration of anaesthesia, which was significantly shortened under the low-dose solution. The 4% articaine solution did not prove superior in local anaesthetic effect. Articaine 2% with epinephrine 1:200,000, therefore, can be considered a suitable local anaesthetic for tooth extractions.
Aspirin versus coumadin in the prevention of reocclusion and recurrent ischemia after successful thrombolysis: a prospective placebo-controlled angiographic study. Results of the APRICOT Study.

BACKGROUND
Successful coronary thrombolysis involves a risk for reocclusion that cannot be prevented by invasive strategies. Therefore, we studied the effects of three antithrombotic regimens on the angiographic and clinical courses after successful thrombolysis.


METHODS AND RESULTS
Patients treated with intravenous thrombolytic therapy followed by intravenous heparin were eligible when a patent infarct-related artery was demonstrated at angiography < 48 hours. Three hundred patients were randomized to either 325 mg aspirin daily or placebo with discontinuation of heparin or to Coumadin with continuation of heparin until oral anticoagulation was established (international normalized ratio, 2.8-4.0). After 3 months, in which conservative treatment was intended, vessel patency and ventricular function were reassessed in 248 patients. Reocclusion rates were not significantly different: 25% (23 of 93) with aspirin, 30% (24 of 81) with Coumadin, and 32% (24 of 74) with placebo. Reinfarction was seen in 3% of patients on aspirin, in 8% on Coumadin, and in 11% on placebo (aspirin versus placebo, p < 0.025; other comparison, p = NS). Revascularization rate was 6% with aspirin, 13% with Coumadin, and 16% with placebo (aspirin versus placebo, p < 0.05; other comparisons, p = NS). Mortality was 2% and did not differ between groups. An event-free clinical course was seen in 93% with aspirin, in 82% with Coumadin, and in 76% with placebo (aspirin versus placebo, p < 0.001; aspirin versus Coumadin, p < 0.05). An event-free course without reocclusion was observed in 73% with aspirin, in 63% with Coumadin, and in 59% with placebo (p = NS). An increase of left ventricular ejection fraction was only found in the aspirin group (4.6%, p < 0.001).


CONCLUSIONS
At 3 months after successful thrombolysis, reocclusion occurred in about 30% of patients, regardless of the use of antithrombotics. Compared with placebo, aspirin significantly reduces reinfarction rate and revascularization rate, improves event-free survival, and better preserves left ventricular function. The efficacy of Coumadin on these end points appears less than that of aspirin. The still-high reocclusion rate emphasizes the need for better antithrombotic therapy in these patients.
Immunosuppressive, anti-inflammatory and anti-cancer properties of triptolide: A mini review

OBJECTIVE
Triptolide, the active component of Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F has been used to treat autoimmune and inflammatory conditions for over two hundred years in traditional Chinese medicine. However, the processes through which triptolide exerts immunosuppression and anti-inflammation are not understood well. In this review, we discuss the autoimmune disorders and inflammatory conditions that are currently treated with triptolide. Triptolide also possesses anti-tumorigenic effects. We discuss the toxicity of various triptolide derivatives and offer suggestions to improve its safety. This study also examines the clinical trials that have investigated the efficacy of triptolide. Our aim is to examine the mechanisms that are responsible for the immunosuppressive, anti-inflammatory, and anti-cancer effects of triptolide.


MATERIALS AND METHODS
The present review provides a comprehensive summary of the literature with respect to the immunosuppressive, anti-inflammatory, and anti-cancer properties of triptolide.


RESULTS
Triptolide possesses immunosuppressive, anti-inflammatory, and anti-cancer effects.


CONCLUSION
Triptolide can be used alone or in combination with existing therapeutic modalities as novel treatments for autoimmune disorders, cancers, and for immunosuppression.
Integrated fiber-wireless access architecture for mobile backhaul and fronthaul in 5G wireless data networks

Recent rapid proliferation of smart mobile devices using 4G LTE-A and beyond wireless communications technologies is driving a near term, 10-fold increase in mobile data traffic that requires a build-up of wireless cell sites to support near term evolution fiber-optic based backhaul and fronthaul architecture. Optical fiber access transport needs to be scalable to support the projected 5G deployment goals by 2020: 1-10Gb/s at the user terminal; 100Gb/s for the backhaul truck; 1Tb/s for metro transport and 1Pb/s for the core transport. In order to provide multi-gigabit wireless link rate to mobile data users, one has to rely on efficient use of the available RF bandwidth and explore the wireless transmission technology at millimeter wave bands (30-300GHz) in addition to the deployment of small-cell architecture in an integrated optical and wireless access network platform. Due to the conflict between drastic growth of mobile data traffic and the limited wireless spectral resources at conventional RF bands for both cellular and WiFi networks, more aggressive spectral reuse and new spectral exploration at higher RF bands and cooperative multipoint operation among the remote radio heads (RRHs) are the three main directions for high-speed and high capacity wireless access networks. By reducing the cell size, limited spectral resources can be reused among small cells more frequently, thus enhancing the total system capacity. Due to the limited transmission range at higher RF bands, the combination of small-cell architecture and higher RF bands provides a promising solution to drastically increase the mobile data system capacity through new frequency band exploitation, frequency reuse and coordinated multi-point (CoMP) technologies.
DesIGN: Design Inspiration from Generative Networks

Can an algorithm create original and compelling fashion designs to serve as an inspirational assistant? To help answer this question, we design and investigate different image generation models associated with different loss functions to boost creativity in fashion generation. The dimensions of our explorations include: (i) different Generative Adversarial Networks architectures that start from noise vectors to generate fashion items, (ii) novel loss functions that encourage creativity, inspired from Sharma-Mittal divergence, a generalized mutual information measure for the widely used relative entropies such as Kullback-Leibler, and (iii) a generation process following the key elements of fashion design (disentangling shape and texture components). A key challenge of this study is the evaluation of generated designs and the retrieval of best ones, hence we put together an evaluation protocol associating automatic metrics and human experimental studies that we hope will help ease future research. We show that our proposed creativity losses yield better overall appreciation than the one employed in Creative Adversarial Networks. In the end, about 61% of our images are thought to be created by human designers rather than by a computer while also being considered original per our human subject experiments, and our proposed loss scores the highest compared to existing losses in both novelty and likability. Figure 1: Training generative adversarial models with appropriate losses leads to realistic and creative 512× 512 fashion images.
DISTRIBUTED BUS PROTECTION APPLICATION IN A PLATFORM FOR PROCESS BUS DEPLOYMENT IN THE SMART SUBSTATION

Bus protection is typically a station-wide protection function, as it uses the majority of the high voltage (HV) electrical signals available in a substation. All current measurements that define the bus zone of protection are needed. Voltages may be included in bus protection relays, as the number of voltages is relatively low, so little additional investment is not needed to integrate them into the protection system. This paper presents a new Distributed Bus Protection System that represents a step forward in the concept of a Smart Substation solution. This Distributed Bus Protection System has been conceived not only as a protection system, but as a platform that incorporates the data collection from the HV equipment in an IEC 61850 process bus scheme. This new bus protection system is still a distributed bus protection solution. As opposed to dedicated bay units, this system uses IEC 61850 process interface units (that combine both merging units and contact I/O) for data collection. The main advantage then, is that as the bus protection is deployed, it is also deploying the platform to do data collection for other protection, control, and monitoring functions needed in the substation, such as line, transformer, and feeder. By installing the data collection pieces, this provides for the simplification of engineering tasks, and substantial savings in wiring, number of components, cabinets, installation, and commissioning. In this way the new bus protection system is the gateway to process bus, as opposed to an addon to a process bus system. The paper analyzes and describes the new Bus Protection System as a new conceptual design for a Smart Substation, highlighting the advantages in a vision that comprises not only a single element, but the entire installation. Keyword: Current Transformer, Digital Fault Recorder, Fiber Optic Cable, International Electro Technical Commission, Process Interface Units
Alethology as the First Philosophy

In the early, metaphysical, period, Shalva Nutsubidze focused his inquiry on the question of defining "truth". His alethological realism is nothing more than a search for this truth and for a path to God. Nutsubidze's first important work was "Bolzano and the Theory of Science", a long article that contained the fundamental ideas of his Principles of Alethology . Traditionally, metaphysics, as the First philosophy, dealt basically with the problem of Existence and Existent categories. According to Nutsubidze, philosophy is what shows man the way to the truth that stands above contradiction. A man must leave everything that is "human" and rise to the "suprahuman", higher than the being itself. This is the path to God, that is, the idea (thought) and the being merging into each other. All of Nutsubidze's research and his concept of alethology, the First philosophy, are directed towards this. Keywords: alethological realism; First philosophy; path to God; principles of Alethology; Shalva Nutsubidze
[Effects of aroma self-foot reflexology massage on stress and immune responses and fatigue in middle-aged women in rural areas].

PURPOSE
This study was done to examine the effects of aroma self-foot reflexology massage on stress and immune responses and fatigue in middle-aged women in rural areas.


METHODS
The study was a nonequivalent control group pre-post test design. The participants were 52 middle-aged women from rural areas of which 26 were assigned to the experimental group and 26 to the control group. Data were collected from July to September, 2011 and analyzed using SPSS Win 17.0 version program. The intervention was conducted 3 times a week for six weeks.


RESULTS
There were significant differences in reported perceived stress, systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure and fatigue between the two groups. However, the issue of salivary cortisol and immune response were not significant.


CONCLUSION
Aroma self-foot reflexology massage can be utilized as an effective intervention for perceived stress, systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure and fatigue in middle-aged woman in rural areas.
Prevention of mother-to-child transmission of HIV-1 through breast-feeding by treating infants prophylactically with lamivudine in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania: the Mitra Study.

OBJECTIVE
To investigate the possibility of reducing mother-to-child transmission (MTCT) of HIV-1 through breast-feeding by prophylactic antiretroviral (ARV) treatment of the infant during the breast-feeding period.


DESIGN
An open-label, nonrandomized, prospective cohort study in Tanzania (Mitra).


METHODS
HIV-1-infected pregnant women were treated according to regimen A of the Petra trial with zidovudine (ZDV) and lamivudine (3TC) from week 36 to 1 week postpartum. Infants were treated with ZDV and 3TC from birth to 1 week of age (Petra arm A) and then with 3TC alone during breast-feeding (maximum of 6 months). Counseling emphasized exclusive breast-feeding. HIV transmission was analyzed using the Kaplan-Meier survival technique. Cox regression was used for comparison with the breast-feeding population in arm A of the Petra trial, taking CD4 cell count and other possible confounders into consideration.


RESULTS
There were 398 infants included in the transmission analysis in the Mitra study. The estimated cumulative proportion of HIV-1-infected infants was 3.8% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 2.0 to 5.6) at week 6 after delivery and 4.9% (95% CI: 2.7 to 7.1) at month 6. The median time of breast-feeding was 18 weeks. High viral load and a low CD4 T-cell count at enrollment were associated with transmission. The Kaplan-Meier estimated risk of HIV-1 infection at 6 months in infants who were HIV-negative at 6 weeks was 1.2% (95% CI: 0.0 to 2.4). The cumulative HIV-1 infection or death rate at 6 months was 8.5% (95% CI: 5.7 to 11.4). No serious adverse events related to the ARV treatment of infants occurred. The HIV-1 transmission rate during breast-feeding in the Mitra study up to 6 months after delivery was more than 50% lower than in the breast-feeding population of Petra arm A (relative hazard=2.61; P=0.001; adjusted values). The difference in transmission up to 6 months was significant also in the subpopulation of mothers with CD4 counts>or=200 cells/microL.


CONCLUSIONS
The rates of MTCT of HIV-1 in the Mitra study at 6 weeks and 6 months after delivery are among the lowest reported in a breast-feeding population in sub-Saharan Africa. Prophylactic 3TC treatment of infants to prevent MTCT of HIV during breast-feeding was well tolerated by the infants and could be a useful strategy to prevent breast milk transmission of HIV when mothers do not need ARV treatment for their own health.
Bayesian Theory of Mind: Modeling Joint Belief-Desire Attribution

We present a computational framework for understanding Theory of Mind (ToM): the human capacity for reasoning about agents’ mental states such as beliefs and desires. Our Bayesian model of ToM (or BToM) expresses the predictive model of beliefand desire-dependent action at the heart of ToM as a partially observable Markov decision process (POMDP), and reconstructs an agent’s joint belief state and reward function using Bayesian inference, conditioned on observations of the agent’s behavior in some environmental context. We test BToM by showing participants sequences of agents moving in simple spatial scenarios and asking for joint inferences about the agents’ desires and beliefs about unobserved aspects of the environment. BToM performs substantially better than two simpler variants: one in which desires are inferred without reference to an agent’s beliefs, and another in which beliefs are inferred without reference to the agent’s dynamic observations in the environment.
A prospective study of different test targets for the near point of convergence.

PURPOSE
To determine whether different test targets including an accommodative target (AT), a transilluminator (TR), and a transilluminator with a red lens (RL), affect the near point of convergence (NPC) value; and to determine which test target is most sensitive to identify convergence insufficiency (CI) in young adults.


METHODS
Subjects were 36 optometry students from the Illinois College of Optometry, including 18 subjects with normal binocular vision (control group) and 18 subjects with CI. None of the subjects had accommodative insufficiency. The NPC break and recovery were measured by three methods: AT, TR, and RL. Each test method was administered by a different examiner and the test sequence was randomized.


RESULTS
The mean NPC break values for AT, TR, and RL in the control group were 4.31, 3.76, and 4.08 cm respectively, compared to 10.05, 11.37 and 13.04 cm in the CI group. The mean recovery values were 6.23, 5.56, and 5.95 cm for AT, TR, and RL respectively in the control group, vs 12.21, 14.37, 16.40 cm in the CI group. Significant differences in NPC break and recovery values were detected in the CI group between RL and AT, but not between AT and TR, or TR and RL. There was no significant difference in NPC values using the three targets in the control group. For an NPC cut point of 6 cm (break) and 9 cm (recovery), RL had higher sensitivity (100%) and specificity (88.9%) as well as lower false positive (10%) and false negative (0%) values compared to AT.


CONCLUSION
NPC with RL is a more sensitive method to identify abnormal findings and assist in diagnosing CI compared to using AT or TR. We recommend that NPC with RL be routinely used to evaluate patients suspected of having CI.