LLukas22/scidocs huggingface dataset:
Validity of self-report for fractures among a multiethnic cohort of postmenopausal women: results from the Women's Health Initiative observational study and clinical trials.

OBJECTIVE
The purpose of this study is to examine the validity of, and factors associated with, the accuracy of self-report (participant-report and proxy-report) for fractures.


DESIGN
Study participants were from the Women's Health Initiative Clinical Trial and Observational Study cohorts. All women were postmenopausal; populations included American Indian, Asian/Pacific Islander, black, Hispanic, and non-Hispanic white. The average length of follow-up was 4.3 years. Self-reported fractures were adjudicated by reviewing medical records. The first adjudicated self-report of fractures for each participant was included in the analysis (n = 6,652).


RESULTS
We found substantial variations in validity of self-report by the fracture site. Agreements between self-reports for single-site fractures and medical records were high for hip (78%) and forearm/wrist (81%) but relatively lower for clinical spine fractures (51%). The average confirmation rate for all single-site fractures was 71%. Misidentification of fracture sites by participants or proxy-reporters seemed to be a cause of unconfirmed self-reports. Higher confirmation rates were observed in participant-reports than in proxy-reports. Results of the multivariate analysis indicated that multiple factors, such as ethnicity, a history of osteoporosis or fractures, body mass index, years since menopause, smoking status, and number of falls in the past year were significantly (P < 0.05) related to the validity of self-report.


CONCLUSION
The validity of self-reports for fracture varies by fracture sites and many other factors. The assessed validity in this study is likely conservative because some of the unconfirmed self-reports may be due to poor medical record systems. The validity of self-reports for hip and forearm/wrist fractures is high in this study, supporting their use in epidemiological studies among postmenopausal women.
An hp Certified Reduced Basis Method for Parametrized Parabolic Partial Differential Equations

In this paper we introduce an hp certified reduced basis method for parabolic partial differential equations. We invoke a POD (in time) / Greedy (in parameter) sampling procedure first in the initial partition of the parameter domain (h-refinement) and subsequently in the construction of reduced basis approximation spaces restricted to each parameter subdomain (p-refinement). We show that proper balance between additional POD modes and additional parameter values in the initial subdivision process guarantees convergence of the approach. We present numerical results for two model problems: linear convection-diffusion and quadratically nonlinear Boussinesq natural convection. The new procedure is significantly faster (respectively, more costly) in the reduced basis Online (respectively, Offline) stage.
Umbilical cord blood banking: an update

Umbilical cord blood is a potential vast source of primitive hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells available for clinical application to reconstitute the hematopoietic system and/or restore immunological function in affected individuals requiring treatment. Cord blood can be used as an alternative source for bone marrow transplantation and its use is developing into a new field of treatment for pediatric and adult patients presenting with hematological disorders, immunological defects and specific genetic diseases. More than 25,000 allogeneic cord blood transplantations have been performed worldwide since the first cord blood transplantation in 1988. There are two banking options for storing umbilical cord blood [private (family) and public]. Cord blood stored in private banks are used for either autologous or allogeneic transplants for the infant donor or related family members but private cord blood banks are not searchable or available to the public. More than 780,000 cord blood units are stored in over 130 private cord blood banks, worldwide, and over 400,000 units in more than 100 quality controlled public cord blood banks. Researchers continue to evaluate the usefulness of cord blood cells in treating human diseases or disorders for purposes other than hematological disorders including heart disease, strokes, brain or spinal cord injuries and cancer. This review summarizes the status of umbilical cord blood banking, its history and current and potential use in the treatment of human disease.
Towards an Applied Gamification Model for Tracking, Managing, & Encouraging Sustainable Travel Behaviours

In this paper we introduce a gamification model for encouraging sustainable multi-modal urban travel in modern European cities. Our aim is to provide a mechanism that encourages users to reflect on their current travel behaviours and to engage in more environmentally friendly activities that lead to the formation of sustainable, long-term travel behaviours. To achieve this our users track their own behaviours, set goals, manage their progress towards those goals, and respond to challenges. Our approach uses a point accumulation and level achievement metaphor to abstract from the underlying specifics of individual behaviours and goals to allow an Simon Wells University of Aberdeen, Computing Science, Meston building, Meston Walk, Aberdeen, AB24 3UE e-mail: simon.wells@abdn.ac.uk Henri Kotkanen University of Helsinki, Department of Computer Science, P.O. 68 (Gustaf Hllstrmin katu 2b), FI00014 UNIVERSITY OF HELSINKI, FINLAND e-mail: henri.kotkanen@helsinki.fi Michael Schlafli University of Aberdeen, Computing Science, Meston building, Meston Walk, Aberdeen, AB24 3UE e-mail: michael.schlafli@abdn.ac.uk Silvia Gabrielli CREATE-NET Via alla Cascata 56/D Povo 38123 Trento Italy e-mail: silvia.gabrielli@createnet.org Judith Masthoff University of Aberdeen, Computing Science, Meston building, Meston Walk, Aberdeen, AB24 3UE e-mail: j.masthoff@abdn.ac.uk Antti Jylhä University of Helsinki, Department of Computer Science, P.O. 68 (Gustaf Hllstrmin katu 2b), FI00014 UNIVERSITY OF HELSINKI, FINLAND e-mail: antti.jylha@cs.helsinki.fi Paula Forbes University of Aberdeen, Computing Science, Meston building, Meston Walk, Aberdeen, AB24 3UE e-mail: paula.forbes@abdn.ac.uk
A novel optimization sizing model for hybrid solar-wind power generation system

This paper develops the Hybrid Solar-Wind System Optimization Sizing (HSWSO) model, to optimize the capacity sizes of different components of hybrid solar-wind power generation systems employing a battery bank. The HSWSO model consists of three parts: the model of the hybrid system, the model of Loss of Power Supply Probability (LPSP) and the model of the Levelised Cost of Energy (LCE). The flow chart of the HSWSO model is also illustrated. With the incorporated HSWSO model, the sizing optimization of hybrid solar-wind power generation systems can be achieved technically and economically according to the system reliability requirements. A case study is reported to show the importance of the HSWSO model for sizing the capacities of wind turbines, PV panel and battery banks of a hybrid solar-wind renewable energy system. 2006 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
An updated digital model of plate boundaries

[1] A global set of present plate boundaries on the Earth is presented in digital form. Most come from sources in the literature. A few boundaries are newly interpreted from topography, volcanism, and/or seismicity, taking into account relative plate velocities from magnetic anomalies, moment tensor solutions, and/or geodesy. In addition to the 14 large plates whose motion was described by the NUVEL-1A poles (Africa, Antarctica, Arabia, Australia, Caribbean, Cocos, Eurasia, India, Juan de Fuca, Nazca, North America, Pacific, Philippine Sea, South America), model PB2002 includes 38 small plates (Okhotsk, Amur, Yangtze, Okinawa, Sunda, Burma, Molucca Sea, Banda Sea, Timor, Birds Head, Maoke, Caroline, Mariana, North Bismarck, Manus, South Bismarck, Solomon Sea, Woodlark, New Hebrides, Conway Reef, Balmoral Reef, Futuna, Niuafo’ou, Tonga, Kermadec, Rivera, Galapagos, Easter, Juan Fernandez, Panama, North Andes, Altiplano, Shetland, Scotia, Sandwich, Aegean Sea, Anatolia, Somalia), for a total of 52 plates. No attempt is made to divide the Alps-Persia-Tibet mountain belt, the Philippine Islands, the Peruvian Andes, the Sierras Pampeanas, or the California-Nevada zone of dextral transtension into plates; instead, they are designated as ‘‘orogens’’ in which this plate model is not expected to be accurate. The cumulative-number/area distribution for this model follows a power law for plates with areas between 0.002 and 1 steradian. Departure from this scaling at the small-plate end suggests that future work is very likely to define more very small plates within the orogens. The model is presented in four digital files: a set of plate boundary segments; a set of plate outlines; a set of outlines of the orogens; and a table of characteristics of each digitization step along plate boundaries, including estimated relative velocity vector and classification into one of 7 types (continental convergence zone, continental transform fault, continental rift, oceanic spreading ridge, oceanic transform fault, oceanic convergent boundary, subduction zone). Total length, mean velocity, and total rate of area production/destruction are computed for each class; the global rate of area production and destruction is 0.108 m/s, which is higher than in previous models because of the incorporation of back-arc spreading.
What influences men's decision to have a prostate-specific antigen test? A qualitative study.

BACKGROUND
Current UK policy recommends informed decision making for prostate-specific antigen (PSA) testing. The process by which men decide to be tested warrants further investigation.


OBJECTIVE
To determine the important influences on men's decision to have a PSA test.


METHODS
Semi-structured interviews with 20 men who had raised the issue of testing for prostate cancer with their GP and undergone the PSA test.


RESULTS
Men wanted to be tested primarily because they believed in the benefits of early diagnosis. Triggers for consulting the GP were the personal experiences of friends with prostate cancer, a desire to be proactive about health, media reports, a family history or ongoing urinary symptoms. Before consulting the GP, men's awareness was largely based on personal accounts and media stories and did not include much familiarity with the potential limitations of testing. Many had decided they wanted to be tested by the time they consulted their GP and this decision remained largely unaffected by the consultation. Men varied in the value they placed on receiving information about the benefits and limitations of PSA testing from their GP.


CONCLUSIONS
Men who consult their GP about testing are often already committed to having the test. When information about the benefits and limitations of PSA testing is provided, at that stage it may be too late for it to play a part in their decision. Making balanced information available to men in the community may be a more effective way to promote informed decision making and to facilitate more useful discussions with the GP.
Feed intake, digestibility, nitrogen utilization, and body weight change of sheep consuming wheat straw supplemented with local agricultural and agro-industrial by-products

Effects of supplementing sheep consuming wheat straw with local agro-industrial by-products on feed intake, growth, digestibility and nitrogen utilization were determined. Thirty 1-year-old local wethers, with a mean (±SD) live weight of 19.8 (±1.06) kg, were assigned to five treatments: wheat straw + atella (T1), wheat straw + atella + poultry litter (T2), wheat straw + atella + coffee pulp (T3), wheat straw + atella + coffee pulp + poultry litter (T4), hay + concentrate (T5). A 7-day digestibility experiment and a 112-day growth trial were conducted. Total dry matter (DM) and organic matter (OM) intake as well as body weight gain was similar for all treatments. The highest (P < 0.05) nitrogen (N) intake was in sheep fed T1 and T4 diets, while the lowest was in those fed T2 and T5 diets. Sheep fed T1 and T2 diets had greater (P < 0.05) DM and OM digestibility than those fed T4 and T5 diets. The highest (P < 0.05) digestibility of N was for the T2, T4, and T5 diets, while the lowest was for the T1 diet. The highest N retention was in T4 diet, whereas the lowest was in T3 diet. In conclusion, in urban and peri-urban areas where atella, poultry litter, or coffee pulp are available, smallholder farmers could feed the mixtures as a supplement to straw with a good performance without using concentrate feeds.
A phase I/II trial combining high-dose melphalan and autologous transplant with bortezomib for multiple myeloma: a dose- and schedule-finding study.

PURPOSE
We did a randomized phase I/II trial designed to evaluate the safety and efficacy of combining the proteasome inhibitor bortezomib with high-dose melphalan as the conditioning for high-dose therapy and autologous transplant for myeloma.


EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN
Enrolled patients were limited to those who did not achieve a very good partial remission (VGPR) following one or more induction regimens, and were randomized to receive a single escalating dose of bortezomib (1.0, 1.3, or 1.6 mg/m(2)) either 24 hours before or 24 hours after high-dose melphalan. Dose escalation was based on the escalation with overdose control (EWOC), a Bayesian statistical model. Bone marrow aspirates were collected before initiation of therapy and at the time of transplant to evaluate which sequence resulted in maximal plasma cell apoptosis, and response to transplant was assessed by the International Myeloma Working Group criteria.


RESULTS
Among 39 randomized patients, 20 received bortezomib after melphalan and 19 received bortezomib before melphalan. Toxicities and posttransplant hematopoietic recovery rates were similar between arms. The overall response rate for all patients was 87%, with 51% achieving a VGPR or better. Pharmacodynamic studies showed greater plasma cell apoptosis among patients who received bortezomib following melphalan.


CONCLUSIONS
The use of bortezomib in conjunction with high-dose melphalan is safe, with data suggesting improved efficacy. A single dose of bortezomib administered after high-dose melphalan is the recommended dose and schedule for future clinical investigation.
Functional effects of robotic-assisted locomotor treadmill thearapy in children with cerebral palsy.

OBJECTIVE
The aim of this study was to assess gait in children with spastic diplegic cerebral palsy rehabilitated with the use of Lokomat active orthosis.


DESIGN
A randomized controlled trial.


SUBJECTS
Fifty-two children with spastic diplegic cerebral palsy.


METHODS
Temporospatial parameters of gait and selected kinematic parameters were assessed. Children from the study group used active orthosis in addition to following a programme of individual exercises. Children in the control group participated only in individual exercises.


RESULTS
The difference between the initial and control examinations was statistically insignificant. After the programme was finished, there was a slight improvement in walking speed in both groups. Improvement in the mean walking speed was not significantly different between the groups (p = 0.5905). Range of motion decreased slightly in both groups, and the difference between mean amounts of change was not significant (p = 0.8676). There was significant improvement in maximal range of flexion in the hip joint (p = 0.0065) in the study. It was shown that with a decrease in the mean value of adduction in hip joint, the mean walking speed increased (r = -0.53, p = 0.0011).


CONCLUSION
There are several limitations to this study, therefore these results should be regarded as preliminary. Further research consistent with the above indications is needed to investigate the impact of this new treatment option in patients with cerebral palsy.
Short – Term Traffic Forecasting : Modeling and Learning Spatio – Temporal Relations in Transportation Networks Using Graph Neural Networks by Behrooz Shahsavari Research Project

Short Term Tra c Forecasting: Modeling and Learning Spatio Temporal Relations in Transportation Networks Using Graph Neural Networks
Impact of a modified directly administered antiretroviral treatment intervention on virological outcome in HIV-infected patients treated in Burkina Faso and Mali.

OBJECTIVE
This study explores whether viral load measurements can be used in resource-limited settings to target those in need of adherence assistance. It was hypothesized that high plasma viral loads (pVLs) (>/=500 HIV-1 RNA copies/mL) were the result of poor antiretroviral therapy adherence and amenable to improvement with adherence assistance.


DESIGN
A single-arm, multicentre pilot study was conducted from November 2003 to March 2004 on 606 treatment-experienced patients who had initiated an antiretroviral regimen in Mali and Burkina Faso >/=6 months before study enrolment. In these patients, those whose pVL was >/=500 copies/mL were offered 1 month of modified directly administered antiretroviral treatment (mDAART) with weekly follow-up visits from pharmacists or adherence counsellors.


METHODS
An adherence questionnaire was given to all cohort patients and viral load was used to screen for patients with >/=500 copies/mL. mDAART participants included cohort patients with >/=500 copies/mL, who completed the adherence questionnaire. Genotypic analyses were conducted on samples taken prior to and after the intervention. The intervention was considered effective when there was a decrease of >/=1 log(10) in pVL.


RESULTS
mDAART was effective in over one-third of the intervention participants, while in two-thirds no decrease in pVL was observed. The majority of mDAART participants had major resistance mutations.


CONCLUSIONS
pVL measurement was useful to identify patients who needed adherence assistance. However, because it was performed >/=6 months after starting treatment, mDAART came too late for most participants, as they had already developed important resistance mutations that might have been avoided with better laboratory monitoring.
History as resurrection

Kevin Brownlow. Napoleon: Abel Gance's Classic Film. New York: Knopf, 1983. 304 pp. $25.00 cloth. Roger lcart. Abel Gance ou le Promethee foudroye. Paris: L'Age d'homme, 1984. 484 pp. 175,00 francs. Norman King. Abel Gance: A Politics of Spectacle. London: British Film Institute, 1984. 180 pp. $22.95 cloth. $11.95 paper.
Smart Home System Based on IOT Technologies

The idea of applying IOT technologies to smart home system is introduced. An original architecture of the integrated system is analyzed with its detailed introduction. This architecture has great scalability. Based on this proposed architecture many applications can be integrated into the system through uniform interface. Agents are proposed to communicate with appliances through RFID tags. Key issues to be solved to promote the development of smart home system are also discussed.
The role of episodic context in retrieval practice effects.

The episodic context account of retrieval-based learning proposes that retrieval enhances subsequent retention because people must think back to and reinstate a prior learning context. Three experiments directly tested this central assumption of the context account. Subjects studied word lists and then either restudied the words under intentional learning conditions or made list discrimination judgments by indicating which list each word had occurred in originally. Subjects in both conditions experienced all items for the same amount of time, but subjects in the list discrimination condition were required to retrieve details about the original episodic context in which the words had occurred. Making initial list discrimination judgments consistently enhanced subsequent free recall relative to restudying the words. Analyses of recall organization and retrieval strategies on the final test showed that retrieval practice enhanced temporal organization during final recall. Semantic encoding tasks also enhanced retention relative to restudying but did so by promoting semantic organization and semantically based retrieval strategies during final recall. The results support the episodic context account of retrieval-based learning. (PsycINFO Database Record
Longitudinal effect of intimate partner abuse on high-risk behavior among adolescents.

OBJECTIVE
To determine the longitudinal effect of abuse by an intimate partner on risk behavior among adolescents.


DESIGN AND PARTICIPANTS
Linear regression analyses of longitudinal data from 4443 adolescents surveyed in 1995 (Wave I) and 1996 (Wave II) from the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent Health Public Use Dataset.


MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES
Abuse was assessed using a 5-point scale measuring if the subject had been insulted in public, sworn at, threatened with violence, pushed or shoved, or had something thrown at them by an intimate partner. The primary outcome measures were changes between Waves I and II in each of the following 5-risk behaviors: illicit substance use, antisocial behavior, violent behavior, suicidal behavior, and depression.


RESULTS
Abuse between Waves I and II was associated with higher rates of all 5 risk behaviors at both Waves I and II among both sexes. After adjusting for sociodemographic factors, number of intimate partners, time between interviews, baseline risk behavior scores, and the most abusive relationship experienced prior to Wave I, more severe abuse having occurred between Waves I and II was significantly associated with increased levels of depression in both sexes and increased involvement in illicit substance use, antisocial behavior, and suicidal behavior among female adolescents.


CONCLUSIONS
Abuse by an intimate partner is associated with higher levels of risk behavior in both sexes and incident abuse is associated with increased depression in both sexes and increased illicit substance use, antisocial behavior, and suicidal behavior among females. Intimate partner violence interventions should address the negative behaviors associated with abuse, particularly among female adolescents.