LLukas22/scidocs huggingface dataset:
Rigorous Analysis of Electromagnetic Scattering by Cylindrical EBG Structures

Cylindrical EBG structures excited by a Hertzian dipole source and TM polarized plane wave at oblique incidence are analyzed using a rigorous semi-analytical method based on the cylindrical Floquet mode expansion. Concentric and eccentric cylindrical EBG structures are investigated. Resonance and stopband characteristics in the transmission spectra of the cylindrical EBG structures, enhancement and shading effects in the excited fields, radiation patterns of Hertzian dipole located inside the cylindrical EBG structures in both H-plane and E-plane are numerically studied. Co-polarization and cross-polarizations scattering effects between the electric and magnetic fields are investigated at the oblique incidence of plane waves.
Treatment of depression after myocardial infarction and the effects on cardiac prognosis and quality of life: rationale and outline of the Myocardial INfarction and Depression-Intervention Trial (MIND-IT).

BACKGROUND
Patients with a depressive disorder after myocardial infarction (MI) have a significantly increased risk of major cardiac events. The Myocardial INfarction and Depression-Intervention Trial (MIND-IT) investigates whether antidepressive treatment can improve the cardiac prognosis for these patients. The rationale and outline of the study are described.


METHODS
In this multicenter randomized clinical trial, 2140 patients admitted for MI are screened for depressive symptoms with a questionnaire 0, 3, 6, 9, and 12 months after MI. Patients with symptoms undergo a standardized psychiatric interview. Those with a post-MI depressive episode are randomized to intervention (ie, antidepressive treatment; n = 190) or care-as-usual (CAU; n = 130). In the intervention arm, the research diagnosis is to be confirmed by a psychiatrist. First-choice treatment consists of placebo-controlled treatment with mirtazapine. In case of refusal or nonresponse, alternative open treatment with citalopram is offered. In the CAU arm, the patient is not informed about the research diagnosis. Psychiatric treatment outside the study is recorded, but no treatment is offered. Both arms are followed for end points (cardiac death or hospital admission for MI, unstable angina, heart failure, or ventricular tachyarrhythmia) during an average period of 27 months. Analysis is on an intention-to-treat basis.


CONCLUSION
The MIND-IT study will show whether treatment of post-MI depression can improve cardiac prognosis.
Cloud Computing for Mobile Users: Can Offloading Computation Save Energy?

The cloud heralds a new era of computing where application services are provided through the Internet. Cloud computing can enhance the computing capability of mobile systems, but is it the ultimate solution for extending such systems' battery lifetimes?
Short Answer Grading Using String Similarity And Corpus-Based Similarity

Most automatic scoring systems use pattern based that requires a lot of hard and tedious work. These systems work in a supervised manner where predefined patterns and scoring rules are generated. This paper presents a different unsupervised approach which deals with students’ answers holistically using text to text similarity. Different String-based and Corpus-based similarity measures were tested separately and then combined to achieve a maximum correlation value of 0.504. The achieved correlation is the best value achieved for unsupervised approach Bag of Words (BOW) when compared to previous work. Keywords-Automatic Scoring; Short Answer Grading; Semantic Similarity; String Similarity; Corpus-Based Similarity.
Stability of Elastomeric Isolation Bearings: Experimental Study

Elastomeric isolation bearings are required to be stable at high shear strains, which occur during strong earthquake rigorous determination of the critical axial load during design is important. Currently, the critical load is determined using th displacement Haringx theory and modified to account for large shear strains by an approximate correction factor. The objectiv study is to experimentally determine the effect of horizontal displacement or shear strain on critical load and to study the validi approximate correction factor. Experiments were conducted on a series of elastomeric bearings with low shape factors. Test proc test results are presented in detail. It is shown that the critical load decreases with increasing horizontal displacement or shear also shown that substantial critical load capacity exists at a horizontal displacement equal to the width of the bearing and is no predicted by the correction factor. It is further shown that the approximate formula is not conservative at smaller displacements a conservative at larger displacements. The critical loads obtained from experiments are compared with results from finite elemen and nonlinear analytical solutions; the comparisons indicate that the effect of large horizontal displacements on the critical loa reliably predicted. DOI: 10.1061/ ~ASCE!0733-9445~2002!128:1~3! CE Database keywords: Seismic isolation; Stability; Experimentation; Shear strain; Axial loads; Critical loads.
Can't we all just get along: Cultural variables in codes of ethics

Abstract Ethical issues in the practice of public relations become increasingly complex when international borders are crossed. Differences in what “counts” as public relations as well as what “counts” as ethical practice abound. Rather than taking the position that a specific, “objective” code of ethics can be developed or arguing that cultural diversity makes ethical standards impossible, this paper argues that an international set of principles for practice is feasible. Such a set of principles can only be agreed upon if representatives of diverse organizations and cultural values will work together to understand each others' perspectives. This approach is consistent with the goal of “mutual understanding” that increasingly characterizes public relations practice. It is also consistent with recent theoretical work in ethics and postcolonialism. Nancy L. Roth is Assistant Professor of Communication, Todd Hunt is Professor of Communication, Maria Stavropoulus is a Ph.D. student, and Karen Babik is completing her Masters Degree in the School of Communication, Information, and Library Studies at Rutgers University.
Implementation salvage experiences from the Melbourne diabetes prevention study

BACKGROUND
Many public health interventions based on apparently sound evidence from randomised controlled trials encounter difficulties when being scaled up within health systems. Even under the best of circumstances, implementation is exceedingly difficult. In this paper we will describe the implementation salvage experiences from the Melbourne Diabetes Prevention Study, which is a randomised controlled trial of the effectiveness and cost-effectiveness nested in the state-wide Life! Taking Action on Diabetes program in Victoria, Australia.


DISCUSSION
The Melbourne Diabetes Prevention Study sits within an evolving larger scale implementation project, the Life! program. Changes that occurred during the roll-out of that program had a direct impact on the process of conducting this trial. The issues and methods of recovery the study team encountered were conceptualised using an implementation salvage strategies framework. The specific issues the study team came across included continuity of the state funding for Life! program and structural changes to the Life! program which consisted of adjustments to eligibility criteria, referral processes, structure and content, as well as alternative program delivery for different population groups. Staff turnover, recruitment problems, setting and venue concerns, availability of potential participants and participant characteristics were also identified as evaluation roadblocks. Each issue and corresponding salvage strategy is presented.


SUMMARY
The experiences of conducting such a novel trial as the preliminary Melbourne Diabetes Prevention Study have been invaluable. The lessons learnt and knowledge gained will inform the future execution of this trial in the coming years. We anticipate that these results will also be beneficial to other researchers conducting similar trials in the public health field. We recommend that researchers openly share their experiences, barriers and challenges when conducting randomised controlled trials and implementation research. We encourage them to describe the factors that may have inhibited or enhanced the desired outcomes so that the academic community can learn and expand the research foundation of implementation salvage.
Profiling quality of care for patients with chronic headache in three different German hospitals – a case study

BACKGROUND
Legal requirements for quality assurance in German rehabilitation hospitals include comparisons of providers. Objective is to describe and to compare outcome quality of care offered by three hospitals providing in-patient rehabilitative treatment exemplified for patients with chronic headache.


METHODS
We performed a prospective three center observational study on patients suffering from chronic headache. Patients underwent interventions commonly used according to internal guidelines of the hospitals. Measurements were taken at three points in time (at admission, at discharge and 6 months after discharge). Indicators of outcome quality included pain intensity and frequency of pain, functional ability, depression, quality of life and health related behavior. Analyses of differences amongst the hospitals were adjusted by covariates due to case-mix situation.


RESULTS
306 patients from 3 hospitals were included in statistical analysis. Amongst the hospitals, patients differed significantly in age, education, diagnostic subgroups, beliefs, and with respect to some pain-related baseline values (covariates). Patients in all three hospitals benefited from intervention to a clinically relevant degree. At discharge from hospital, outcome quality differed significantly after adjustment according to case-mix only in terms of patients' global assessment of treatment results. Six months after discharge, the only detectable significant differences were for secondary outcomes like improved coping with stress or increased use of self-help. The profiles for satisfaction with the hospital stay showed clear differences amongst patients.


CONCLUSION
The results of this case study do not suggest a definite overall ranking of the three hospitals that were compared, but outcome profiles offer a multilayer platform of reliable information which might facilitate decision making.
Impact of lattice distortions on elastic and thermal behavior of La doped YVO3

Abstract The thermodynamic study of vanadates is particularly interesting, as these compounds undergo multiple orbital and magnetic ordering transitions resulting in structural phase transitions as a function of temperature. The elastic and thermal properties have been computed by considering the intriguing temperature dependent structural phase transitions. A detailed investigation of lattice distortions, bulk modulus, cohesive energy and Debye temperature of the doped vanadium compounds Y 1− x La x VO 3 (0 ≤  x  ≤ 1) has been accomplished. The temperature dependence of specific heat (1 K ≤  T  ≤ 300 K) and low temperature thermal expansion is probed over the whole doping range. The results obtained are compared with the earlier experimental data to validate the application of modified rigid ion model to describe elastic and thermal behavior of the La doped YVO 3 .
The Role of Feature Emergence in Metaphor Appreciation

This study examined how emergent features, which are made salient in the interpretation of metaphor, are related to metaphor appreciation. According to an incongruity resolution model of poetic appreciation, the role of emergent features in metaphor appreciation is predicted to facilitate poetic appreciation by constituting a richer interpretation when topic–vehicle similarity is lower. Two experiments demonstrated that this prediction was supported for comprehensible metaphors. In Experiment 1, more emergent features were generated when comprehensible metaphors with lower topic–vehicle similarity were interpreted, and richer interpretations included more emergent features. In Experiment 2, poeticality rating of comprehensible metaphors was positively correlated with richness of interpretation. Furthermore, Experiment 2 found that conceptual aptness of metaphor also affected poeticality of comprehensible metaphors but, in contrast, that only emotive value of metaphor affected poeticality of less comprehensible metaphors. This finding suggests that the process of poetic appreciation may differ between comprehensible and less comprehensible metaphors.
Japanese cancer patient participation in and satisfaction with treatment-related decision-making: A qualitative study

BACKGROUND
Over the last decade, patient involvement in treatment-related decision-making has been widely advocated in Japan, where patient-physician encounters are still under the influence of the long-standing tradition of paternalism. Despite this profound change in clinical practice, studies investigating the actual preferences of Japanese people regarding involvement in treatment-related decision-making are limited. The main objectives of this study were to (1) reveal the actual level of involvement of Japanese cancer patients in the treatment-related decision-making and their overall satisfaction with the decision-making process, and (2) consider the practical implications of increased satisfaction in cancer patients with regard to the decision-making process.


METHODS
We conducted semi-structured interviews with 24 Japanese cancer patients who were recruited from a cancer self-help group in Tokyo. The interviews were qualitatively analysed using the approach described by Lofland and Lofland.


RESULTS
The analyses of the patients' interviews focused on 2 aspects: (1) who made treatment-related decisions (the physician or the patient), and (2) the informants' overall satisfaction with the decision-making process. The analyses revealed the following 5 categories of decision-making: 'patient as the active decision maker', 'doctor selection', 'wilfully entrusting the physician', 'compelled decision-making', and 'surrendering decision-making'. While the informants under the first 3 categories were fairly satisfied with the decision-making process, those under the latter 2 were extremely dissatisfied. Informants' views regarding their preferred role in the decision-making process varied substantially from complete physician control to complete patient control; the key factor for their satisfaction was the relation between their preferred involvement in decision-making and their actual level of involvement, irrespective of who the decision maker was.


CONCLUSION
In order to increase patient satisfaction with regard to the treatment-related decision-making process, healthcare professionals in Japan must assess individual patient preferences and provide healthcare accordingly. Moreover, a better environment should be created in hospitals and in society to facilitate patients in expressing their preferences and appropriate resources need to be made available to facilitate their decision-making process.
Structural and dielectric characterization of praseodymium-modified lead titanate ceramics synthesized by the OPM route

Abstract Quasi-spherical nanoparticles of praseodymium-modified lead titanate powder (Pb 0.80 Pr 0.20 TiO 3 ) with an average size of 54.8 nm were synthesized successfully by the oxidant-peroxo method (OPM) and were used to prepare highly dense ceramic bodies which were sintered at 1100 and 1150 °C for 2 h. A tetragonal phase was identified in the powder and ceramic samples by X-ray powder diffraction and FT-Raman spectroscopy at room temperature. The fractured surface of the ceramic sample showed a high degree of densification with fairly uniform grain sizes. Dielectric constants measured in the range of 30–300 °C at different frequencies (120 Hz and at 1, 10 and 100 kHz) indicated that samples with 20 mol% praseodymium showed normal ferroelectric behavior regardless of the sintering temperature.
8 A More Constructive Encounter: a Bah’ View of Religion and Human Rights

The tension between human rights values and religious values has been reinforced by the emergence in the late twentieth century and early twenty-first century of an increasingly aggressive form of religious extremism which is clearly contemptuous of human rights. This chapter explores the relationship between religion and human rights from a Baha’i perspective and examines the work of the Baha’i community in wholeheartedly supporting the theory and practice of universal human rights. It gives an example of a religion that has emerged in modern times, which clearly and directly addresses modern concerns and which is wholeheartedly committed to universal human rights. The chapter adduces evidence from the Baha’i sacred writings and other sources to demonstrate its commitment to human rights, and examines work done by the Baha’i International Community (BIC) in support of the human rights of the Baha’is in Iran and of human rights more generally. Keywords: Baha’i community; human rights; religion
Augmenting fun and beauty: a pamphlet

In this article we describe how the augmented reality and product design communities, which share the common interest of combining the real and the virtual, might learn from each other. From our side, we would like to share with you some of our ideas about product design which we consider highly relevant for the augmented reality community. In a pamphlet we list 10 sloganesque points for action which challenge the status quo in product design. Finally, we present some projects which show how these points could be implemented. We hope this approach will inspire those involved in augmented reality design and help them to avoid the pitfalls that the product design community is now trying to crawl out of.
A Single Generative Model for Joint Morphological Segmentation and Syntactic Parsing

Morphological processes in Semitic languages deliver space-delimited words which introduce multiple, distinct, syntactic units into the structure of the input sentence. These words are in turn highly ambiguous, breaking the assumption underlying most parsers that the yield of a tree for a given sentence is known in advance. Here we propose a single joint model for performing both morphological segmentation and syntactic disambiguation which bypasses the associated circularity. Using a treebank grammar, a data-driven lexicon, and a linguistically motivated unknown-tokens handling technique our model outperforms previous pipelined, integrated or factorized systems for Hebrew morphological and syntactic processing, yielding an error reduction of 12% over the best published results so far.
Responses of Gut Microbiota and Glucose and Lipid Metabolism to Prebiotics in Genetic Obese and Diet-Induced Leptin-Resistant Mice

OBJECTIVE
To investigate deep and comprehensive analysis of gut microbial communities and biological parameters after prebiotic administration in obese and diabetic mice.


RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS
Genetic (ob/ob) or diet-induced obese and diabetic mice were chronically fed with prebiotic-enriched diet or with a control diet. Extensive gut microbiota analyses, including quantitative PCR, pyrosequencing of the 16S rRNA, and phylogenetic microarrays, were performed in ob/ob mice. The impact of gut microbiota modulation on leptin sensitivity was investigated in diet-induced leptin-resistant mice. Metabolic parameters, gene expression, glucose homeostasis, and enteroendocrine-related L-cell function were documented in both models.


RESULTS
In ob/ob mice, prebiotic feeding decreased Firmicutes and increased Bacteroidetes phyla, but also changed 102 distinct taxa, 16 of which displayed a >10-fold change in abundance. In addition, prebiotics improved glucose tolerance, increased L-cell number and associated parameters (intestinal proglucagon mRNA expression and plasma glucagon-like peptide-1 levels), and reduced fat-mass development, oxidative stress, and low-grade inflammation. In high fat-fed mice, prebiotic treatment improved leptin sensitivity as well as metabolic parameters.


CONCLUSIONS
We conclude that specific gut microbiota modulation improves glucose homeostasis, leptin sensitivity, and target enteroendocrine cell activity in obese and diabetic mice. By profiling the gut microbiota, we identified a catalog of putative bacterial targets that may affect host metabolism in obesity and diabetes.
Statins in low doses reduce VEGF and bFGF serum levels in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.

BACKGROUND/AIMS
Recent experimental research revealed that statins at low doses induce angiogenesis, which in turn may be related to the course of atherosclerosis. There are no clinical studies evaluating the effect of 'low-dose' statins on serum levels of angiogenesis regulators in diabetic subjects. We aimed to explain how low doses of statins modify the serum concentrations of two potent proangiogenic factors, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF), in patients with type 2 diabetes.


METHODS
Measurements of fasting glucose level, HbA1c, 1,5-anhydro-D-glucitol and lipid profile were taken from 47 patients with type 2 diabetes treated with low doses of atorvastatin (10 mg daily) or simvastatin (10-20 mg daily), from 45 statin-free patients with type 2 diabetes and from 23 nondiabetic subjects. Measurements of VEGF and bFGF in serum were taken using the BD™ Cytometric Bead Array.


RESULTS AND CONCLUSION
Statins used in low doses in patients with type 2 diabetes reduce the serum concentration of VEGF and bFGF which suggests antiangiogenic potential of these doses. Nevertheless, this effect could be neutralized by postprandial hyperglycemia.