LLukas22/scidocs huggingface dataset:
Sympathy Begins with a Smile, Intelligence Begins with a Word: Use of Multimodal Features in Spoken Human-Robot Interaction

Recognition of social signals, from human facial expressions or prosody of speech, is a popular research topic in human-robot interaction studies. There is also a long line of research in the spoken dialogue community that investigates user satisfaction in relation to dialogue characteristics. However, very little research relates a combination of multimodal social signals and language features detected during spoken face-to-face human-robot interaction to the resulting user perception of a robot. In this paper we show how different emotional facial expressions of human users, in combination with prosodic characteristics of human speech and features of human-robot dialogue, correlate with users’ impressions of the robot after a conversation. We find that happiness in the user’s recognised facial expression strongly correlates with likeability of a robot, while dialogue-related features (such as number of human turns or number of sentences per robot utterance) correlate with perceiving a robot as intelligent. In addition, we show that facial expression, emotional features, and prosody are better predictors of human ratings related to perceived robot likeability and anthropomorphism, while linguistic and non-linguistic features more often predict perceived robot intelligence and interpretability. As such, these characteristics may in future be used as an online reward signal for in-situ Reinforcement Learningbased adaptive human-robot dialogue systems. Figure 1: Left: a live view of experimental setup showing a participant interacting with Pepper. Right: a diagram of experimental setup showing the participant (green) and the robot (white) positioned face to face. The scene was recorded by cameras (triangles C) from the robot’s perspective focusing on the face of the participant and from the side, showing the whole scene. The experimenter (red) was seated behind a divider.
Heavy Metal Polluted Soils: Effect on Plants and Bioremediation Methods

Soils polluted with heavy metals have become common across the globe due to increase in geologic and anthropogenic activities. Plants growing on these soils show a reduction in growth, performance, and yield. Bioremediation is an effective method of treating heavy metal polluted soils. It is a widely accepted method that is mostly carried out in situ; hence it is suitable for the establishment/reestablishment of crops on treated soils. Microorganisms and plants employ different mechanisms for the bioremediation of polluted soils. Using plants for the treatment of polluted soils is a more common approach in the bioremediation of heavy metal polluted soils. Combining both microorganisms and plants is an approach to bioremediation that ensures a more efficient clean-up of heavy metal polluted soils. However, success of this approach largely depends on the species of organisms involved in the process.
Atherogenic Dyslipidemia and Residual Vascular Risk in Practice of Family Doctor

OBJECTIVE
Timely recognition and optimal management of atherogenic dyslipidemia (AD) and residual vascular risk (RVR) in family medicine.


BACKGROUND
The global increase of the incidence of obesity is accompanied by an increase in the incidence of many metabolic and lipoprotein disorders, in particular AD, as an typical feature of obesity, metabolic syndrome, insulin resistance and diabetes type 2. AD is an important factor in cardio metabolic risk, and is characterized by a lipoprotein profile with low levels of high-density lipoprotein (HDL), high levels of triglycerides (TG) and high levels of low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol. Standard cardiometabolic risk assessment using the Framingham risk score and standard treatment with statins is usually sufficient, but not always that effective, because it does not reduce RVR that is attributed to elevated TG and reduced HDL cholesterol. RVR is subject to reduction through lifestyle changes or by pharmacological interventions. In some studies it was concluded that dietary interventions should aim to reduce the intake of calories, simple carbohydrates and saturated fats, with the goal of reaching cardiometabolic suitability, rather than weight reduction. Other studies have found that the reduction of carbohydrates in the diet or weight loss can alleviate AD changes, while changes in intake of total or saturated fat had no significant influence. In our presented case, a lifestyle change was advised as a suitable diet with reduced intake of carbohydrates and a moderate physical activity of walking for at least 180 minutes per week, with an recommendation for daily intake of calories alignment with the total daily (24-hour) energy expenditure (24-EE), depending on the degree of physical activity, type of food and the current health condition. Such lifestyle changes together with combined medical therapy with Statins, Fibrates and Omega-3 fatty acids, resulted in significant improvement in atherogenic lipid parameters.


CONCLUSION
Unsuitable atherogenic nutrition and insufficient physical activity are the new risk factors characteristic for AD. Nutritional interventions such as diet with reduced intake of carbohydrates and calories, moderate physical activity, combined with pharmacotherapy can improve atherogenic dyslipidemic profile and lead to loss of weight. Although one gram of fat release twice more kilo calories compared to carbohydrates, carbohydrates seems to have a greater atherogenic potential, which should be explored in future.
Can montelukast shorten prednisolone therapy in children with mild to moderate acute asthma? A randomized controlled trial.

OBJECTIVE
To examine whether outpatient post-stabilization therapy with montelukast produces more treatment failures than prednisolone.


STUDY DESIGN
In this randomized, double-blind, double-dummy non-inferiority trial, 130 children 2 to 17 years of age with mild to moderate acute asthma stabilized with prednisolone in the emergency department received 5 daily treatments with either prednisolone or montelukast after discharge. The primary outcome was treatment failure within 8 days (ie, an asthma-related unscheduled visit, hospitalization, or additional systemic corticosteroids).


RESULTS
The rates of treatment failure were 7.9% in the prednisolone group and 22.4% in the montelukast group (95% CI, 26.5%-2.4%). Treatment was more likely to fail in younger patients (odds ratio, 4.9). In the montelukast group, more patients received additional pharmacotherapy than in patients receiving prednisolone (23.9% versus 9.5%, P = .03). The differences in the daily salbutamol treatments, asymptomatic days, and changes in the Pediatric Respiratory Assessment Measure score were not significant (P = .85, .75, and .26, respectively).


CONCLUSION
Montelukast does not represent an adequate alternative to corticosteroids after outpatient stabilization in mild to moderate acute asthma. This population should receive oral corticosteroids after discharge.
Sphincter preservation following preoperative radiotherapy for rectal cancer: report of a randomised trial comparing short-term radiotherapy vs. conventionally fractionated radiochemotherapy.

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE
The aim was to verify whether preoperative conventionally fractionated chemoradiation offers an advantage in sphincter preservation in comparison with preoperative short-term irradiation.


PATIENTS AND METHODS
Patients with resectable T3-4 rectal carcinoma without sphincters' infiltration and with a lesion accessible to digital rectal examination were randomised into: preoperative 5x5Gy short-term irradiation with subsequent total mesorectal excision (TME) performed within 7 days or chemoradiation to a total dose of 50.4Gy (1.8Gy per fraction) concomitantly with two courses of bolus 5-fluorouracil and leucovorin followed by TME after 4-6 weeks. Surgeons were obliged to base the type of operation on the tumour status at the time of surgery.


RESULTS
Between 1999 and 2002, 316 patients from 19 institutions were enrolled. The sphincter preservation rate was 61% in the 5x5Gy arm and 58% in the radiochemotherapy arm, P = 0.57. The tumour was on average 1.9 cm smaller (P < 0.001) among patients treated with chemoradiation compared with short-term schedule. For patients who underwent sphincter-preserving procedure, the surgeons generally followed the rule of tailoring the resection according to tumour downsizing; the median distal bowel margin was identical (2 cm) for both randomised groups. However, in the chemoradiation group, five patients underwent abdominoperineal resection despite clinical complete response.


CONCLUSIONS
Despite significant downsizing, chemoradiation did not result in increased sphincter preservation rate in comparison with short-term preoperative radiotherapy. The surgeons' decisions were subjective and based on pre-treatment tumour volume at least in clinical complete responders.
Influence of vitrification techniques and solutions on the morphology and survival of preantral follicles after in vitro culture of caprine ovarian tissue.

The objective was to compare the efficiency of various vitrification techniques and solutions for preserving morphology and viability of preantral caprine follicles enclosed in ovarian tissue. Fragments of ovarian cortex were cryopreserved by conventional vitrification (CV) in French straws, vitrification in macrotubes (MTV), or solid-surface vitrification (SSV). Six solutions containing 6 M ethylene glycol, with or without sucrose (SUC; 0.25 or 0.50 M) and/or 10% fetal calf serum (FCS) were tested (Experiment I). After 1 wk, samples were warmed and preantral follicles were examined histologically. To evaluate follicular viability (Experiment II), ovarian fragments were vitrified with the three techniques listed above, in a solution containing 0.25 M SUC and 10% FCS. After warming, follicles were assessed by the trypan blue dye exclusion test. In Experiment III, preantral follicles enclosed in ovarian tissue were vitrified using the protocol which yielded the highest percentage of viable preantral follicles (SSV with 0.25 M SUC and 10% SFB). After warming, the preantral follicles enclosed in ovarian tissue were cultured in vitro and then, were analyzed by histology and fluorescence microscopy (calcein-AM and ethidium homodimer-1). Every vitrification protocol significantly reduced the percentages of morphologically normal follicles relative to the control (88.0%); however, the addition of 0.25 M SUC and 10% FCS to the vitrification solution improved preservation of follicular morphology (67.4, 67.4, and 72.0% for CV, MTV, and SSV, respectively). Although follicular viability after SSV (80.7%) did not differ from that in fresh (non-vitrified) ovarian tissues (88.0%), after in vitro culture, percentages of viable follicles were significantly reduced (70.0%). Percentages of morphologically normal follicles after in vitro culture of vitrified ovarian tissue were similar (76.0%) to those in ovarian cortex fragments cultured without previous vitrification (83.2%). In conclusion, SSV using a solution containing 0.25 M SUC and 10% FCS, was the most efficient method for vitrifying caprine ovarian tissue.
Application Specific Low Power ALU Design

Power consumption is a critical design issue in embedded processor design. One of common components in the processor is the Arithmetic and Logic Unit (ALU). Usually, ALUs are designed with a combinational logic circuit containing a number of functional components for different arithmetic and logic operations. An ALU can be constructed with a tree or a chain structure. Existing approaches to reduce power often achieve power reduction at the cost of increased design complexity, thus resulting in delay and area overheads. In this paper, we present a customization approach for the chain-structure based ALU design by repositioning functional components in the chain. The approach can be easily integrated into a processor design environment to effectively reduce ALU power consumption for a given application. We have applied our approach to a set of benchmarks. Ourexperimental results show that the power savings range from 43.5% to 49.6%; on average, 46.9% of ALU power reduction can be achieved. Most importantly, this achievement is at cost of neither hardware complexity nor processor performance, and the implementation is extremely straightforward.
On the Feasibility and Suitability of MR Fluid Clutches in Human-Friendly Manipulators

An investigation into the suitability of magneto-rheological (MR) clutches in the context of developing feasible actuation solutions for physical human-robot interaction is presented. Contact and collision forces pose great danger to humans, and thus, the primary criteria for actuator development is safety. While the majority of existing solutions make use of mechanical compliance in some form, in this paper, we will approach the problem by considering the use of MR clutches for coupling the motor drive to the joint. The suitability of MR actuators to provide an intrinsically safe actuation platform is investigated by modeling the torque to mass, and torque to inertia ratios, as well as output impedance of the MR clutch. These figures are compared to commercially available servo motors as well as mechanically compliant based human-safe actuator models. The MR clutch is analytically shown to have superior mass and inertia characteristics over servo motors while either matching or surpassing the intrinsic safety characteristics of the modeled compliant actuator. The implementation of MR-clutch-based actuation systems is investigated by examining the distributed active semiactive approach. The proposed approach is discussed in terms of mechanical as well controller complexity and relates the investigation to the feasibility of practical implementations. Performance characteristics are empirically investigated by experimentation with a prototype MR clutch constructed for this purpose. The prototype MR clutch can transmit torque up to 75 Nm and has a bandwidth of 30 Hz. Torque to mass and torque to inertia ratios of the prototype MR clutch are substantially greater than that of comparable servo motors. Conclusions drawn from this investigation indicate that indeed MR clutch actuation approaches can be developed to balance safety and performance while maintaining reasonable system complexity.
Librarians, professionalism and image: stereotype and reality

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to consider the professional role of the librarian, examining the images of presented by professional literature, mass media and popular culture. Design/methodology/approach – The historical development of the library professional is considered. Conceptions of librarians in professional literature, mass media and popular culture are examined. The ongoing dialogue upon the nature of the professional role within the professional press and email discussion lists is also discussed. Findings – Images of librarians within mass media and culture are often positive and heroic whereas images within professional literature tend to reinforce stereotypes. Originality/value – An examination of the professional role of the librarian, particularly in the UK, considering images and content from the mass media, popular culture and professional literature.
Demodicosis: a clinicopathological study.

BACKGROUND
Demodex mites are common commensal organisms of the pilosebaceous unit in human beings and have been implicated in pityriasis folliculorum, rosacea-like demodicosis, and demodicosis gravis.


OBJECTIVE
We sought to describe the spectrum of clinicopathological findings and therapeutic responses of demodicosis in Taiwanese patients.


METHODS
We conducted a retrospective study to review clinicopathologic findings and therapeutic responses of 34 cases of diagnosed demodicosis.


RESULTS
Fifteen cases with positive results of potassium hydroxide examination, standardized skin surface biopsy specimen, and/or skin biopsy specimen, and resolution of skin lesions after anti-Demodex treatment were included for final analysis. Nineteen cases were excluded because of insufficient positive data to make a definite diagnosis. There were 4 male and 11 female patients (age 1-64 years, mean age 38.7 years). The disease was recurrent or chronic with a duration ranging from 2 months to 5 years (mean 15.7 months). The skin lesions were acne rosacea-like (n = 8), perioral dermatitis-like (n = 5), granulomatous rosacea-like (n = 1), and pityriasis folliculorum (n = 1). Skin biopsy was performed in 7 patients. Overall, the histopathology was characterized by: (1) dense perivascular and perifollicular lymphohistiocytic infiltrates, often with abundant neutrophils and occasionally with multinucleated histiocytes; (2) excessive Demodex mites in follicular infundibula; and (3) infundibular pustules containing mites or mites in perifollicular inflammatory infiltrate. The skin lesions resolved after treatment including systemic metronidazole, topical metronidazole, crotamiton, or gamma benzene hexachloride.


LIMITATIONS
Small sample size and a fraction of patients without long-term follow-up are limitations.


CONCLUSION
Demodicosis should be considered in the differential diagnosis of recurrent or recalcitrant rosacea-like, granulomatous rosacea-like, and perioral dermatitis-like eruptions of the face. Potassium hydroxide examination, standardized skin surface biopsy, skin biopsy, or a combination of these are essential to establish the diagnosis.
Green brand extension strategy and online communities

Purpose-This research examines current and prospective consumer perceptions, purchase intent and parent brand evaluation due to green brand – line and category extensions by marketers of established (non-green) brands for products with high versus low perceived environmental impact. Design/Methodology/Approach-Response to online surveys by 602 pet-owners at social networking websites. The quasi-experiment considered perceived environmental impact of core product, parent-brand user status and green extension strategy (line versus category). Brand extension evaluation, purchase intent and parent brand evaluation were then measured. Findings – Results suggest that consumers are more likely to purchase green extensions of products with high perceived environmental impact and that current consumers prefer green line extensions to green category extensions. Both have similar reciprocal impact on parent brand evaluation among current consumers. Originality/Value – This paper examines managerial implications of line versus category extension strategies for green brand extensions of established brands. Research Limitations/Implications – The data has external validity however it lacks the control possible in laboratory experiments. Future research should replicate the study in other product categories. Practical Limitations – Managers of established brands should consider brand extensions of products associated with high environmental impact only.
Quality-of-life and psychosocial outcome following childhood arterial ischaemic stroke.

OBJECTIVES
This study investigates psychosocial outcome and quality-of-life in children who have experienced arterial ischaemic stroke (AIS), using a multidimensional and multi-perspective approach. It also examines the predictors of quality-of-life following childhood AIS.


METHOD
Forty-nine children between 6-18 years of age were recruited from a specialist childhood stroke clinic. Children, their parents and their teachers rated the child's quality-of-life. Questionnaires rating the child's self-esteem, behaviour and emotions were administered. Each child also underwent a neuropsychological assessment.


RESULTS
The findings show that child-, parent- and teacher-rated health-related quality-of-life (HRQoL) is significantly lower than comparative norms following childhood AIS, across all domains (physical, emotional, social, school and cognitive functioning). Predictors of HRQoL include neurological severity, executive function, self-esteem and family functioning.


CONCLUSIONS
Improved screening, services and interventions are necessary to monitor longer-term outcome and provide support for children who have experienced AIS and their families.
Dependence maps, a dimensionality reduction with dependence distance for high-dimensional data

We introduce the dependence distance, a new notion of the intrinsic distance between points, derived as a pointwise extension of statistical dependence measures between variables. We then introduce a dimension reduction procedure for preserving this distance, which we call the dependence map. We explore its theoretical justification, connection to other methods, and empirical behavior on real data sets.
Price discovery in floor and screen trading systems

We analyze price discovery in floor-based and electronic exchanges using data from the German stock market. We find that both markets contribute to price discovery. There is bidirectional Granger causality, and prices from both markets adjust to deviations from the long-run equilibrium. We use two different measures of the contributions to price discovery, the information share (Hasbrouck 1995) and the weights with which the series enter the common long memory component as defined by Gonzalo / Granger (1995). The contributions of the two trading systems to the process of price discovery are almost equal when transaction prices are used for the estimation. Models based on quote midpoints indicate that the electronic trading system has a larger share in the price discovery process. A cross-sectional analysis reveals that the contributions to price discovery are positively related to the market shares of the trading systems. JEL classification: G 10
The Effect of Tamoxifen Dose Increment in Patients With Impaired CYP2D6 Activity.

BACKGROUND
The effect of tamoxifen dose elevation on endoxifen serum concentration was investigated in patients with reduced CYP2D6 activity resulting from genetic variation and/or CYP2D6 inhibitor use. Additionally, baseline differences in endoxifen concentrations between the different CYP2D6 phenotypes were studied.


METHODS
Patients, treated with tamoxifen 20 mg once daily (QD) for at least 4 weeks, were classified as phenotypic extensive (EM), intermediate (IM), or poor (PM) metabolizer based on their genotype and comedication. In patients with an IM or PM phenotype, the tamoxifen dose was increased to 40 mg QD for 4 weeks. Tamoxifen, 4-OH-tamoxifen, N-desmethyltamoxifen, and endoxifen serum concentrations were measured at baseline and 4 weeks after the dose increment. Side effects of tamoxifen were assessed using the validated Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy-Endocrine Symptom subscale (FACT-ESS-19).


RESULTS
The median baseline endoxifen concentration differed between EMs (11.4 mcg/L: n = 19), IMs (8.3 mcg/L: n = 16), and PMs (4.0 mcg/L: n = 7), P = 0.040. Tamoxifen dose elevation significantly increased the median endoxifen concentrations in 12 IMs from 9.5 to 17.4 mcg/L (P < 0.001) and in 4 PMs from 3.8 to 7.8 mcg/L (P = 0.001), without influencing median FACT-ESS-19 scores.


CONCLUSIONS
Raising the tamoxifen dose to 40 mg QD significantly increased endoxifen concentrations in IMs and PMs without increasing side effects. The tamoxifen dose increment in PMs was insufficient to reach endoxifen concentrations equal to those observed in EMs. Future studies will clarify the direct effect of endoxifen exposure on tamoxifen efficacy and may reveal a threshold endoxifen concentration that is critical for its efficacy.