LLukas22/scidocs huggingface dataset:
Observations regarding influenza A virus shedding in a swine breeding farm after mass vaccination

An outbreak of respiratory disease in suckling piglets started in December 2010 in a 1200-sow farrow-to-wean facility. Swine influenza virus H1N2 was isolated from nasal swabs of affected piglets and determined to be the cause of the respiratory disease. After 2 months of continuous respiratory disease in the suckling-piglet and nursery populations, a change in the influenza vaccination strategy was adopted. Administration of swine influenza autogenous vaccine at 85 to 91 days of gestation was discontinued, and mass vaccination of the breeding herd was performed with two doses of a commercial multivalent vaccine. Prevalence of virus shedding was monitored by real-time reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction assay in nasal swabs and oral fluids from sows and suckling piglets before and after mass vaccination. After vaccination, there was a significant increase (P < .001) in hemagglutination inhibition serum-antibody titers in breeding females. Prevalence of shedding in sows and suckling piglets decreased through the 13 weeks of monitoring until no influenza-positive samples were detected in suckling and recently weaned pigs. This case report provides insights into a potential control strategy for swine influenza in breeding herds through mass vaccination.
Habitat heterogeneity and niche structure of trees in two tropical rain forests

Dispersal-assembly theories of species coexistence posit that environmental factors play no role in explaining community diversity and structure. Dispersal-assembly theories shed light on some aspects of community structure such as species-area and species-abundance relationships. However, species’ environmental associations also affect these measures of community structure. Measurements of species’ niche breadth and overlap address this influence. Using a new continuous measure of niche and a dispersal-assembly null model that maintains species’ niche breadth and aggregation, we tested two hypotheses assessing the effects of habitat heterogeneity on the ability of dispersal-assembly theories to explain community niche structure. We found that in both homogenous and heterogeneous environments dispersal-assembly theories cannot fully explain observed niche structure. The performance of the dispersal-assembly null models was particularly poor in heterogeneous environments. These results indicate that non-dispersal based mechanisms are in part responsible for observed community structure and measures of community structure which include species’ environmental associations should be used to test theories of species diversity.
Primary essential cutis verticis gyrata - Case report*


Cutis verticis gyrata is characterized by excessive formation of scalp skin. It may be primary (essential and nonessential) or secondary. In the primary essential form it presents only folding skin formation on the scalp, mimicking cerebral gyri, without associated comorbidities. We report a rare case of a 28 year-old male patient with primary essential cutis verticis gyrata.
CONTROL OF UNICYCLE TYPE ROBOTS Tracking , Path Following and Point Stabilization

This paper considers the motion control problem of unicycle type mobile ro bots. We present the mathematical model of the mobile robots taken explicitly into account their dynamics and fo rmulate the respectively motion control strategies of tracking and path-following. Two types of controller s presented in the literature are revised and their performance are illustrated through computer simulation s. The problem of regulation to a point is also addressed.
A component map tuning method for performance prediction and diagnostics of gas turbine compressors

In this paper, a novel compressor map tuning method is developed with the primary objective of improving the accuracy and fidelity of gas turbine engine models for performance prediction and diagnostics. A new compressor map fitting and modelling method is introduced to simultaneously determine the best elliptical curves to a set of compressor map data. The coefficients that determine the shape of the compressor map curves are analyzed and tuned through a multi-objective optimization scheme in order to simultaneously match multiple sets of engine performance measurements. The component map tuning method, that is developed in the object oriented Matlab Simulink environment, is implemented in a dynamic gas turbine engine model and tested in off-design steady state and transient as well as degraded operating conditions. The results provided demonstrate and illustrate the capabilities of our proposed method in refining existing engine performance models to different modes of the gas turbine operation. In addition, the excellent agreement between the injected and the predicted degradation of the engine model demonstrates the potential of the proposed methodology for gas turbine diagnostics. The proposed method can be integrated with the performance-based tools for improved condition monitoring and diagnostics of gas turbine power plants.
Cloaked Facebook pages: Exploring fake Islamist propaganda in social media

Johan Farkas, Jannick Schou & Christina Neumayer Abstract This research analyses cloaked Facebook pages that are created to spread political propaganda by cloaking a user profile and imitating the identity of a political opponent in order to spark hateful and aggressive reactions. This inquiry is pursued through a multi-sited ethnographic case study of Danish Facebook pages disguised as radical Islamist pages, which provoked racist and anti-Muslim reactions as well as negative sentiments toward refugees, and immigrants in Denmark in general. Drawing on Jessie Daniels’ critical insights into cloaked websites, this research furthermore analyses the epistemological, methodological, and conceptual challenges of online propaganda. It enhances our understanding of disinformation and propaganda in an increasingly interactive social media environment and contributes to a critical inquiry into social media and subversive politics.
Laparoscopic versus open total mesorectal excision with anal sphincter preservation for low rectal cancer

The Laparoscopic approach has been applied to colorectal surgery for many years; however, there are only a few reports on laparoscopic low and ultralow anterior resection with construction of coloanal anastomosis. This study compares open versus laparoscopic low and ultralow anterior resections, assesses the feasibility and efficacy of the laparoscopic approach of total mesorectal excision (TME) with anal sphincter preservation (ASP), and analyzes the short-term results of patients with low rectal cancer. We analyzed our experience via a prospective, randomized control trail. From June 2001 to September 2002, 171 patients with low rectal cancer underwent TME with ASP, 82 by the laparoscopic procedure and 89 by the open technique. The lowest margin of tumors was below peritoneal reflection and 1.5–8 cm above the dentate line (1.5–4.9 cm in 104 cases and 5–8 cm in 67 cases). The grouping was randomized. Results of operation, postoperative recovery, and short-term oncological follow-up were compared between 82 laparoscopic procedures and 89 controls who underwent open surgery during the same period. In the laparoscopic group, 30 patients in whom low anterior resection was performed had the anastomosis below peritoneal reflection and more than 2 cm above the dentate line, 27 patients in whom ultralow anterior resection was performed had anastomotic height within 2 cm of the dentate line, and 25 patients in whom coloanal anastomosis was performed had the anastomosis at or below the dentate line. In the open group, the numbers were 35, 27, and 27, respectively. There was no statistical difference in operation time, administration of parenteral analgesics, start of food intake, and mortality rate between the two groups. However, blood loss was less, bowel function recovered earlier, and hospitalization time was shorter in the laparoscopic group. Totally laparoscopic TME with ASP is feasible, and it is a minimally invasive technique with the benefits of much less blood loss during operation, earlier return of bowel function, and shorter hospitalization.
The Effect of Substrate-Enriched and Substrate-Impoverished Housing Environments on the Diversity of Behaviour in Pigs

In intensive farming situations, growing animals are housed in relatively barren environments. The lack of opportunity to perform substrate-interactive and manipulative behaviour patterns may affect the expression and organization of these behaviours. However, making direct comparisons of the behaviour expressed in environments of differing physical complexity is difficult. In this experiment a relative diversity index was used to compare the behavioural repertoires of pigs housed in two different environments for a period of five months. One group of pigs (substrate-enriched) had straw, forest bark and branches added to the standard pens and the other group (substrate-impoverished) did not. The pigs were individually housed, and their behaviour was focal sampled in these pens on one day each month. It was shown that the relative diversity of manipulative behaviour shown by the pigs in the substrateimpoverished environment was lower than in the pigs in the substrate-enriched environment (p < 0.05). The relative diversity of the whole behavioural repertoire shown by the pigs in the substrate-impoverished environment also tended to be lower than that in the substrate-enriched environment (p = 0.06). It is concluded that this may be due to a difference between the two groups in motivation to interact with and manipulate objects, or a function of the manipulable quality of the substrates available to them. Alternatively, exposure to substrate-impoverished environments may interfere with the ability to express manipulative behaviour. Both situations pose a threat to the welfare of growing pigs resident in barren environments.
Real-time Nodes Coordinator Nodes Broker Nodes

Druid is an open source data store designed for real-time exploratory analytics on large data sets. The system combines a column-oriented storage layout, a distributed, shared-nothing architecture, and an advanced indexing structure to allow for the arbitrary exploration of billion-row tables with sub-second latencies. In this paper, we describe Druid’s architecture, and detail how it supports fast aggregations, flexible filters, and low latency data ingestion.
Printable hydraulics: A method for fabricating robots by 3D co-printing solids and liquids

This paper introduces a novel technique for fabricating functional robots using 3D printers. Simultaneously depositing photopolymers and a non-curing liquid allows complex, pre-filled fluidic channels to be fabricated. This new printing capability enables complex hydraulically actuated robots and robotic components to be automatically built, with no assembly required. The technique is showcased by printing linear bellows actuators, gear pumps, soft grippers and a hexapod robot, using a commercially-available 3D printer. We detail the steps required to modify the printer and describe the design constraints imposed by this new fabrication approach.
Ontology-Based Approach to Social Data Sentiment Analysis: Detection of Adolescent Depression Signals

BACKGROUND
Social networking services (SNSs) contain abundant information about the feelings, thoughts, interests, and patterns of behavior of adolescents that can be obtained by analyzing SNS postings. An ontology that expresses the shared concepts and their relationships in a specific field could be used as a semantic framework for social media data analytics.


OBJECTIVE
The aim of this study was to refine an adolescent depression ontology and terminology as a framework for analyzing social media data and to evaluate description logics between classes and the applicability of this ontology to sentiment analysis.


METHODS
The domain and scope of the ontology were defined using competency questions. The concepts constituting the ontology and terminology were collected from clinical practice guidelines, the literature, and social media postings on adolescent depression. Class concepts, their hierarchy, and the relationships among class concepts were defined. An internal structure of the ontology was designed using the entity-attribute-value (EAV) triplet data model, and superclasses of the ontology were aligned with the upper ontology. Description logics between classes were evaluated by mapping concepts extracted from the answers to frequently asked questions (FAQs) onto the ontology concepts derived from description logic queries. The applicability of the ontology was validated by examining the representability of 1358 sentiment phrases using the ontology EAV model and conducting sentiment analyses of social media data using ontology class concepts.


RESULTS
We developed an adolescent depression ontology that comprised 443 classes and 60 relationships among the classes; the terminology comprised 1682 synonyms of the 443 classes. In the description logics test, no error in relationships between classes was found, and about 89% (55/62) of the concepts cited in the answers to FAQs mapped onto the ontology class. Regarding applicability, the EAV triplet models of the ontology class represented about 91.4% of the sentiment phrases included in the sentiment dictionary. In the sentiment analyses, "academic stresses" and "suicide" contributed negatively to the sentiment of adolescent depression.


CONCLUSIONS
The ontology and terminology developed in this study provide a semantic foundation for analyzing social media data on adolescent depression. To be useful in social media data analysis, the ontology, especially the terminology, needs to be updated constantly to reflect rapidly changing terms used by adolescents in social media postings. In addition, more attributes and value sets reflecting depression-related sentiments should be added to the ontology.
Index switching causes “ spreading-of-signal ” among multiplexed samples in Illumina HiSeq 4000 DNA sequencing

Illumina-based next generation sequencing (NGS) has accelerated biomedical discovery through its ability to generate thousands of gigabases of sequencing output per run at a fraction of the time and cost of conventional technologies. The process typically involves four basic steps: library preparation, cluster generation, sequencing, and data analysis. In 2015, a new chemistry of cluster generation was introduced in the newer Illumina machines (HiSeq 3000/4000/X Ten) called exclusion amplification (ExAmp), which was a fundamental shift from the earlier method of random cluster generation by bridge amplification on a non-patterned flow cell. The ExAmp peer-reviewed) is the author/funder. All rights reserved. No reuse allowed without permission. The copyright holder for this preprint (which was not . http://dx.doi.org/10.1101/125724 doi: bioRxiv preprint first posted online Apr. 9, 2017;
Study of correlation between wall shear stress and elasticity in atherosclerotic carotid arteries

OBJECTIVE
This paper presents the use of the texture matching method to measure the rabbit carotid artery elasticity value of the experimental group and control group respectively. It compares the experimental rabbits, when they are prompted by pathological histology to be at the period of carotid atherosclerosis fatty streaks and fiber plaques, with the control group.


METHODS
We have used ultrasound linear array probe for scanning the rabbit carotid arteries. This allows us to obtain the wall shear stress (WSS) and the elasticity values in the atherosclerotic arteries. Using statistical analysis, we are able to clarify whether the texture matching method can diagnose atherosclerosis at the early stage. We also analyze the rabbit carotid artery elasticity and WSS values to make sure whether there is a correlation between both. Combining the texture matching method with the WSS quantitative analysis in the future can enable better prediction of the occurrence and development of atherosclerosis by using noninvasive medical imaging techniques.


RESULTS
This study has confirmed that from the 2nd to the 10th week, with the development of atherosclerosis, the arterial WSS reduction has a negative correlation with the increasing of artery wall elasticity, which means that as the arterial WSS decreases the arterial wall becomes less elastic. Correlating shear stress with atherosclerosis can clarify that WSS can be used as one of the effective parameters of early diagnosis of atherosclerosis.


CONCLUSION
In summary, we have found that the elasticity value can reflect the degree of atherosclerosis more objectively. Therefore, by using noninvasive imaging, the quantitative analysis of shear stress and combined with texture matching method can assist in the early diagnosis of atherosclerosis.
Lack of efficacy of the selective iNOS inhibitor GW274150 in prophylaxis of migraine headache.

INTRODUCTION
This study investigated the efficacy and tolerability of the highly selective iNOS inhibitor GW274150 in prophylaxis of migraine headache.


SUBJECTS AND METHODS
The study was conducted in two parts, each comprising a 4-week baseline period, a 12-week, double-blind, parallel-group treatment period, and a 4-week follow-up period. The study had an adaptive design in that findings of Part 1 of the study were used to inform the conduct of Part 2. Following an interim analysis at the end of Part 1, the trial could be stopped for futility or continued in Part 2 to study the full-dose response or to increase sample size in case initial assumptions had been violated. The primary end-point in both parts of the study was the probability of the occurrence of a migraine headache day during the baseline period and the treatment period.


RESULTS
In Part 1, adult male and female patients with migraine received GW274150 60 mg (n = 37), 120 mg (n = 37), or placebo (n = 38) once daily for 12 weeks. In Part 2, female patients with migraine received GW274150 60 mg (n= 160) or placebo (n = 154) once daily for 12 weeks. GW274150 was no more effective than placebo for the primary efficacy end-point or any secondary efficacy end-point in Part 1 or Part 2. GW274150 was generally well tolerated.


CONCLUSIONS
GW274150 at doses predicted to inhibit iNOS >80% did not differ from placebo in the prophylaxis of migraine. The results do not support a role of iNOS inhibition in migraine prevention.
Radiofrequency ablation and vertebral augmentation for palliation of painful spinal metastases

Radiofrequency ablation (RFA) and vertebral augmentation is an emerging combination therapy for painful osseous metastases that cannot be or are incompletely palliated with radiation therapy. Herein, we report our experience performing RFA and vertebral augmentation of spinal metastases for pain palliation. Institutional review board approval was obtained to retrospectively review our tumor ablation database for all patients who underwent RFA of osseous metastases between April 2012 and July 2014. Patient demographics, lesion characteristics, concurrent palliative therapies, and complications were recorded. Pre- and post-procedure mean worst pain scores 1 and 4 weeks after treatment were measured using the Numeric Rating Scale (10-point scale) and compared. During the study period, 72 RFA treatments of 110 spinal metastases were performed. Eighty one percent (89/110) of metastases involved the posterior vertebral body and 45 % (49/110) involved the pedicles. Vertebral augmentation was performed after 95 % (105/110) of ablations. Mean and median pre-procedure pain scores were 8.0 ± 1.9 and 8.0, respectively. Patients reported clinically significant decreased pain scores at both 1-week (mean, 3.9 ± 3.0; median, 3.25; P < 0.0001) and 4-week (mean, 2.9 ± 3.0; median, 2.75; P < 0.0001) follow-up. No major complications occurred related to RFA and there were no instances of symptomatic cement extravasation. Combination RFA and vertebral augmentation is a safe and effective therapy for palliation of painful spinal metastases, including tumor involving the posterior vertebral body and/or pedicles.
Extension of Virtual-Signal-Injection-Based MTPA Control for Interior Permanent-Magnet Synchronous Machine Drives Into the Field-Weakening Region

This paper presents a field-weakening control scheme to expand the speed operating region of the recently reported virtual signal injection control (VSIC) method for interior permanent-magnet synchronous machine (IPMSM) drives. Because of voltage saturation, the VSIC for IPMSM drives is not effective in the field-weakening region. A new control scheme is developed to guarantee that the torque can be controlled with minimum current amplitude. The proposed method realizes fast dynamic response and efficient operation of IPMSM drives in both constant torque and field-weakening regions by controlling the d-axis current through virtual signal injection and detection of the voltage saturation. The proposed method can track maximum torque per ampere (MTPA) points in the constant torque region and voltage-constrained MTPA points in the field-weakening region accurately without prior knowledge of accurate machine parameters. The proposed control method is demonstrated by both simulations and experiments under various operating conditions on a prototype IPMSM drive system.
Fabrication of fine grained molybdenum by fast resistance sintering under ultra-high pressure

Abstract A novel fast resistance sintering method has been developed to fabricate pure Mo bulk material with fine grain size and high sinter density. A pure Mo compact with more than 98.5% theoretical density and grain size less than 2 μm has been successfully fabricated without any sintering additive or grain growth inhibitor under ultra-high pressure of 9000 MPa, sintering temperature of 1300 °C for only 60 s. The relationships between microstructure, basic mechanical property and processing parameters, including pressure, input power and sintering time, were investigated.
The experiences of parents with infants in Neonatal Intensive Care Unit

BACKGROUND
In recent years significant medical science advances have been made in the field midwifery and infant care. The premature, low birth weight and ill infants are admitted to the technologically advanced NICU for care and they often require long-term stay. This study addresses parental experiences with the infant care in NICU, explores their concerns regarding nursing supports for parents and offers nurses' perspectives on performing duties.


MATERIALS AND METHODS
A qualitative inductive content analysis method was applied in 2011 that included a purposely selected group of parents, nurses and physicians from neonatal unit at the Medical Science University of Isfahan. Participants were surveyed and interviewed according to the institutional ethics committee approval and signed informed consents.


RESULTS
THE CONTENT ANALYSIS IDENTIFIED TWO MAIN CATEGORIES: 1) the definition of stress, which consisted of misgivings, nervous pressure, imbalance, separation and 2) the parents' reaction to stress, which revealed emotional, psychotic and behavioral reactions as subcategories.


DISCUSSION
The medical team awareness of NICU parent experiences is essential to the quality of care. Recognizing the type of parents' reaction to the whole process by the healthcare team seems essential to the optimum outcome.