LLukas22/scidocs huggingface dataset:
CGP stain: An inexpensive, odorless, rapid, sensitive, and in principle in vitro methylation-free Coomassie Brilliant Blue stain.

Coomassie Brilliant Blue (CBB) protein stains are inexpensive but detect proteins at only at microgram levels. Because of acetic acid and methanol, they cause skin irritation and reduce work motivation by malodor. Recent mass spectrometric (MS) analyses demonstrated that nanogram-sensitive colloidal CBB staining resulted in in vitro methylations of proteins. We propose a rapid, inexpensive, sensitive, odorless, less harsh, and in vitro methylation-free CBB stain. CGP uses three components: citric acid, CBB G-250, and polyvinylpyrrolidone. CGP detects proteins at 12ng within 45min, and because it is nonalcohol, in principle in vitro methylation would be eliminated. Indeed, MS analysis of CGP-stained bands confirmed a lack of methylation.
Information System Architecture Evaluation: From Software to Enterprise Level Approaches

In order to ensure that technology supports business needs and that IT investments deliver the desired value, it is fundamental to define an Information System Architecture (ISA) and measure its accurateness to the business model and existing technologies. Thus, in this paper we are concern on evaluating ISA by measuring its qualities (relevant at enterprise level). Since software architecture (SA) is part of the information system architecture and the evaluation topic is a quite mature issue on the software engineering domain, we enumerate and classify several software evaluation approaches in order to consider its applicability to ISA evaluation. Therefore, in this paper, we present and classify the most significant software evaluation issues, namely: software qualities, software evaluation approaches, and software metrics. Our preliminary findings indicate that: the quality attributes relevant for SA evaluation are generally applicable for ISA evaluation, the SA evaluation approaches are also useful for ISA evaluation, and the SA metrics are not applicable to ISA evaluation. In this paper we propose a set of metrics for ISA evaluation, considering the most experienced and tested software engineering metrics. We apply the ISA evaluation approach, qualities and metrics to a health-care project case study. Key-words: Evaluation, Metrics, Information System Architecture (ISA), Enterprise Architecture, Software Architecture (SA), CEO Framework, Health-care ISA
Gender Differences in Clinical Outcomes among HIV-Positive Individuals on Antiretroviral Therapy in Canada: A Multisite Cohort Study

BACKGROUND
Cohort data examining differences by gender in clinical responses to combination antiretroviral therapy (ART) remain inconsistent and have yet to be explored in a multi-province Canadian setting. This study investigates gender differences by injection drug use (IDU) history in virologic responses to ART and mortality.


METHODS
Data from the Canadian Observational Cohort (CANOC) collaboration, a multisite cohort study of HIV-positive individuals initiating ART after January 1, 2000, were included. This analysis was restricted to participants with a follow-up HIV-RNA plasma viral load measure and known IDU history. Weibull hazard regression evaluated time to virologic suppression (2 consecutive measures <50 copies/mL), rebound (>1000 copies/mL after suppression), and all-cause mortality. Sensitivity analyses explored the impact of presumed ART use in pregnancy on virologic outcomes.


RESULTS
At baseline, women (1120 of 5442 participants) were younger (median 36 vs. 41 years) and more frequently reported IDU history (43.5% vs. 28.8%) (both p<0.001). Irrespective of IDU history, in adjusted multivariable analyses women were significantly less likely to virologically suppress after ART initiation and were at increased risk of viral load rebound. In adjusted time to death analysis, no differences by gender were noted. After adjusting for presumed ART use in pregnancy, observed gender differences in time to virologic suppression for non-IDU, and time to virologic rebound for IDU, became insignificant.


CONCLUSIONS
HIV-positive women in CANOC are at heightened risk for poor clinical outcomes. Further understanding of the intersections between gender and other factors augmenting risk is needed to maximize the benefits of ART.
Beyond the Factor of Safety : Developing Fragility Curves to Characterize System Reliability

Fragility curves are becoming increasingly common components of flood risk assessments. This report introduces the concept of the fragility curve and shows how fragility curves are related to more familiar reliability concepts, such as the deterministic factor of safety and the relative reliability index. Examples of fragility curves are identified in the literature on structures and risk assessment to identify what methods have been used to develop fragility curves in practice. Four basic approaches are identified: judgmental, empirical, hybrid, and analytical. Analytical approaches are, by far, the most common method encountered in the literature. This group of methods is further decomposed based on whether the limit state equation is an explicit function or an implicit function and on whether the probability of failure is obtained using analytical solution methods or numerical solution methods. Advantages and disadvantages of the various approaches are considered. DISCLAIMER: The contents of this report are not to be used for advertising, publication, or promotional purposes. Citation of trade names does not constitute an official endorsement or approval of the use of such commercial products. All product names and trademarks cited are the property of their respective owners. The findings of this report are not to be construed as an official Department of the Army position unless so designated by other authorized documents. DESTROY THIS REPORT WHEN NO LONGER NEEDED. DO NOT RETURN IT TO THE ORIGINATOR.
A randomized pilot trial of a telephone-based couples intervention for physical intimacy and sexual concerns in colorectal cancer.

BACKGROUND
We previously developed and piloted a telephone-based intimacy enhancement (IE) intervention addressing sexual concerns of colorectal cancer patients and their partners in an uncontrolled study. The current study tested the feasibility, acceptability, and preliminary efficacy of the IE intervention in a randomized, controlled trial.


METHODS
Twenty-three couples were randomized to either the four-session IE condition or to a wait list control condition and completed sexual and relationship outcomes measures. The IE intervention teaches skills for coping with sexual concerns and improving intimacy. Feasibility and acceptability were assessed through enrollment and post-treatment program evaluations, respectively. Effect sizes were calculated by comparing differences in average pre/post change scores across completers in the two groups (n = 18 couples).


RESULTS
Recruitment and attrition data supported feasibility. Program evaluations for process (e.g., ease of participation) and content (e.g., relevance) demonstrated acceptability. Engaging in intimacy-building activities and communication were the skills rated as most commonly practiced and most helpful. For patients, positive effects of the IE intervention were found for female and male sexual function, medical impact on sexual function, and self-efficacy for enjoying intimacy (≥.58); no effects were found on sexual distress or intimacy and small negative effects for sexual communication, and two self-efficacy items. For partners, positive IE effects were found for all outcomes; the largest were for sexual distress (.69), male sexual function (1.76), communication (.97), and two self-efficacy items (≥.87).


CONCLUSIONS
The telephone-based IE intervention shows promise for couples facing colorectal cancer. Larger multi-site intervention studies are necessary to replicate findings.
Thymidylate synthase expression in advanced colorectal cancer predicts for response to raltitrexed.

PURPOSE
The purpose of this research was to evaluate the predictive value of expression of thymidylate synthase (TS) and other genes for response to raltitrexed (RTX).


EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN
Twenty-five patients with metastatic colorectal cancer received RTX 3 mg/m(2) 3-weekly. Pretreatment tumor biopsies were analyzed for TS, dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase (DPD), thymidine phosphorylase (TP), folylpolyglutamate synthetase, and reduced folate carrier mRNA expression by real-time reverse transcription-PCR. TS protein expression was evaluated by immunohistochemistry using a polyclonal TS antibody.


RESULTS
Twenty patients were evaluable for response and gene expression. Six of 20 (30%) achieved a partial response. Median TS/beta-actin was 5.7 x 10(3) (range, 2.2-42 x 10(3)). Median TS/beta-actin was 3.7 x 10(3) in responding patients and 6.1 x 10(3) in nonresponders (P = 0.048). Five of 6 patients with TS/beta-actin </=4.1 x 10(3) and 1 of 14 with higher values responded (P = 0.002). Overall survival was 21.7 months in patients with TS/beta-actin </=4.1 x 10(3) and 5.7 months in patients with higher values (P = 0.013). No correlations were seen between expression of TP, DPD, reduced folate carrier, or folylpolyglutamate synthetase mRNA and response or survival. Weak TS staining was seen in 10 of 21 tumors evaluable for immunohistochemistry, including 5 responders All 4 of the patients with both weak staining and TS/beta-actin </=4.1 x 10(3) responded.


CONCLUSIONS
High TS mRNA expression predicts nonresponse to RTX. By contrast with 5-fluorouracil, high levels of TP and DPD mRNA are not associated with RTX resistance. Limited genomic fingerprinting could optimize single-agent therapy, allowing combinations to be reserved for high TS-expressing patients or for treatment failures, with potential reductions in toxicity and cost.
Injuries in judo: a systematic literature review including suggestions for prevention.

BACKGROUND
There is limited knowledge on epidemiological injury data in judo.


OBJECTIVE
To systematically review scientific literature on the frequency and characteristics of injuries in judo.


METHODS
The available literature up to June 2013 was searched for prospective as well as retrospective studies on injuries in judo. Data extraction and presentation focused on the incidence rate, injury risk, types, location and causes of injuries.


RESULTS
During the Olympic Games in 2008 and 2012, an average injury risk of about 11-12% has been observed. Sprains, strains and contusions, usually of the knee, shoulder and fingers, were the most frequently reported injuries, whereas being thrown was the most common injury mechanism. Severe injuries were quite rare and usually affected the brain and spine, whereas chronic injuries typically affected the finger joints, lower back and ears. The most common types of injuries in young judo athletes were contusions/abrasions, fractures and sprains/strains. Sex-differences data on judo injuries were mostly inconsistent. Some studies suggested a relationship between nutrition, hydration and/or weight cycling and judo injuries. Also, psychological factors may increase the risk of judo injuries.


CONCLUSIONS
The present review provides the latest knowledge on the frequency and characteristics of injuries in judo. Comprehensive knowledge about the risk of injury during sport activity and related risk factors represents an essential basis to develop effective strategies for injury prevention. Thus, the introduction of an ongoing injury surveillance system in judo is of utmost importance.
Web-Based Psychotherapy for Posttraumatic Stress Disorder in War-Traumatized Arab Patients: Randomized Controlled Trial

BACKGROUND
In recent years, armed conflicts in the Middle East have resulted in high rates of exposure to traumatic events. Despite the increasing demand of mental health care provision, ongoing violence limits conventional approaches of mental health care provision. Internet-based interventions for posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) have proved feasible and effective in Western countries, but their applicability and efficacy in war and conflict regions remains unknown.


OBJECTIVE
This study investigated the efficacy of a cognitive behavioral Internet-based intervention for war-traumatized Arab patients, with focus on Iraq.


METHODS
A total of 159 individuals with PTSD participated in a parallel group randomized trial. Participants were randomly allocated by a computer-generated sequence to a treatment group (n=79) or a waiting list control group (n=80). The treatment group received 2 weekly 45-minute cognitive behavioral interventions via Internet over a 5-week period (10 sessions in total). The primary outcome was recovery from posttraumatic stress symptoms.


RESULTS
Posttraumatic stress symptoms were significantly reduced from baseline to posttreatment (intention-to-treat analysis) in the treatment group relative to the control group (F1,157=44.29, P<.001, d=0.92). Treatment effects were sustained at 3-month follow-up. Completer analysis indicated that 29 of 47 patients (62%) in the treatment group had recovered from posttraumatic stress symptoms at posttreatment (reliable change and Posttraumatic Stress Diagnostic Scale score <20) versus 1 patient (2%) in the control group (OR 74.19, 95% CI 9.93-585.8, P<.001) indicating that the chance of recovering was 74.19 times higher in the treatment than in the control group.


CONCLUSIONS
The results indicate, even in unstable and insecure settings with ongoing exposure to human rights violations through war and dictatorships, people with posttraumatic stress symptoms benefit from a cognitive behavioral treatment provided entirely through the Internet. This method of delivery could improve patients' access to humanitarian aid in the form of e-mental health services.


TRIAL REGISTRATION
Australian New Zealand Clinical Trial Registry, ACTRN12611001019998; https://www.anzctr.org.au/Trial/Registration/TrialReview.aspx?id=347505 (Archived by WebCite at http://www.webcitation.org/6Wto4HCdH).
Economic geography of Poland in the period of growth (14–16th c.) in the Polish historical study

The aim of this article is to present the results of works in the field of economic history and historical demographics, which make it possible to understand the economic geography of Poland in the period of economic growth 14–16 th c. better. I will focus on such issues as population geography, urbanisation, folwark economy, markets and dividion into regions of grain production. Key source editions have also been presented, which make it possible to analyse the condition and structure of the population and economy in the 16 th c., i.e. tax registers and inventories of royal estates from the years 1564–1565.
Science in the Context of Puritan Society. (Book Reviews: The Great Instauration. Science, Medicine and Reform, 1626-1660)

The apocalyptic and millenarianism in European Protestantism - Social reform during the British Puritan Revolution - Baconianism and the new philosophies - The Hartlib circle as a national and international reform movement.
Convolutional Neural Networks for Age and Gender Classification

This paper focuses on the problem of gender and age classification for an image. I build off of previous work [12] that has developed efficient, accurate architectures for these tasks and aim to extend their approaches in order to improve results. The first main area of experimentation in this project is modifying some previously published, effective architectures used for gender and age classification [12]. My attempts include reducing the number of parameters (in the style of [19]), increasing the depth of the network, and modifying the level of dropout used. These modifications actually ended up causing system performance to decrease (or at best, stay the same) as compared with the simpler architecture I began with. This verified suspicions I had that the tasks of age and gender classification are more prone to over-fitting than other types of classification. The next facet of my project focuses on coupling the architectures for age and gender recognition to take advantage of the gender-specific age characteristics and agespecific gender characteristics inherent to images. This stemmed from the observation that gender classification is an inherently easier task than age classification, due to both the fewer number of potential classes and the more prominent intra-gender facial variations. By training different age classifiers for each gender I found that I could improve the performance of age classification, although gender classification did not see any significant gains.
Role and impact of cognitive rehabilitation.

Cognitive rehabilitation interventions are theoretically based and empirically validated treatments designed to ameliorate the cognitive, behavioral, and emotional impairments commonly experienced by individuals with traumatic brain injury (TBI). Cognitive rehabilitation can play many roles in facilitating recovery after TBI, such as improving impaired cognitive functions, increasing awareness of injury-related deficits, improving mood, facilitating vocational and community involvement, and reducing the probability of secondary disability. The considerable evidence documenting the impact of cognitive rehabilitation on improving the day-to-day function of individuals with TBI is described.
Factors influencing levels of genetic diversity in woody plant species

The plant allozyme literature was reviewed to: (1) compare genetic diversity in long-lived woody species with species representing other life forms, and (2) to investigate whether the levels and distribution of genetic diversity in woody species are related to life history and ecological characteristics. Data from 322 woody taxa were used to measure genetic diversity within species, and within and among populations of species. Woody species maintain more variation within species and within populations than species with other life forms but have less variation among populations. Woody species with large geographic ranges, outcrossing breeding systems, and wind or animal-ingested seed dispersal have more genetic diversity within species and populations but less variation among populations than woody species with other combinations of traits. Although life history and ecological traits explain a significant proportion (34%) of the variation among species for the genetic parameters measured, a large proportion of the interspecific variation is unexplained. The specific evolutionary history of each species must play an important role in determining the level and distribution of genetic diversity.
Problem solving and collaboration using mobile serious games

This paper presents the results obtained with the implementation of a series of learning activities based on Mobile Serious Games (MSGs) for the development of problem solving and collaborative skills in Chilean 8th grade students. Three MSGs were developed and played by teams of four students in order to solve problems collaboratively. A quasi-experimental design was used. The data shows that the experimental group achieved a higher perception of their own collaboration skills and a higher score in the plan execution dimension of the problem solving cycle than did the non-equivalent control group, revealing that MSG-based learning activities may contribute to such learning improvements. This challenges future research to identify under which conditions learning activities based on mobile serious games can promote the development of higher order skills. 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Basement structure of the Granada basin, Betic Cordilleras, Southern Spain

Abstract The analysis and interpretation of geophysical data (gravity and seismic reflection) has facilitated the definition of the Granada basin structure. The reflector showing the contact between the Betic-Subbetic basement and the Neogene-Quaternary sedimentary filling has been identified. Mapping of the basement in two and three dimensions is presented. The presence of four important depocenters (Genil, Chimeneas, Cubillas and Granada) has been determined. These troughs are limited by ridge areas through important sets of fractures. In some cases the accumulation of Neogene-Quaternary sediments reaches a thickness exceeding 3 km as in the Genii and Cubillas depocenters. The mapping of the most important fractures affecting the basement has been achieved, defining four systems that have influenced and conditioned the genesis and late evolution of the Granada basin. The directions of the most important groups of fractures are: NE-SW, N70W to E-W, N45W and N10-30E.
Echinacea reduces the risk of recurrent respiratory tract infections and complications: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.

INTRODUCTION
Respiratory tract infections are common, and these infections occur frequently in children, susceptible adults, and older persons. The risk for recurrences and complications relates not only to the presence of viruses but also to immune function. Therefore, modulation of the immune system and antiviral interventions such as echinacea might reduce the risk of recurrences and possibly the development of complications.


METHODS
MEDLINE, EMBASE, CAplus, BIOSIS, CABA, AGRICOLA, TOXCENTER, SCISEARCH, NAHL, and NAPRALERT were searched for clinical trials that studied recurrent respiratory infections and complications on treatment with echinacea extracts in a generally healthy population. Two independent reviewers selected randomized, placebo-controlled studies of high methodological quality and a Jadad score of ≥4. Relative risks (RRs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated according to a fixed effect model.


RESULTS
Six clinical studies with a total of 2458 participants were included in the meta-analysis. Use of echinacea extracts was associated with reduced risk of recurrent respiratory infections (RR 0.649, 95% CI 0.545-0.774; P < 0.0001). Ethanolic extracts from echinacea appeared to provide superior effects over pressed juices, and increased dosing during acute episodes further enhanced these effects. Three independent studies found that in individuals with higher susceptibility, stress or a state of immunological weakness, echinacea halved the risk of recurrent respiratory infections (RR 0.501, 95% CI 0.380-0.661; P < 0.0001). Similar preventive effects were observed with virologically confirmed recurrent infections (RR 0.420, 95% CI 0.222-0.796; P = 0.005). Complications including pneumonia, otitis media/externa, and tonsillitis/pharyngitis were also less frequent with echinacea treatment (RR 0.503, 95% CI 0.384-0.658; P < 0.0001).


CONCLUSION
Evidence indicates that echinacea potently lowers the risk of recurrent respiratory infections and complications thereof. Immune modulatory, antiviral, and anti-inflammatory effects might contribute to the observed clinical benefits, which appear strongest in susceptible individuals.