LLukas22/scidocs huggingface dataset:
Critical social theory: Core tenets, inherent issues

This chapter outlines the core tenets of critical social theory and describes inherent issues facing evaluators conducting critical theory evaluation. Using critical pedagogy as an example, the authors describe the issues facing evaluators by developing four of the subtheories that comprise a critical social theory: (a) a theory of false consciousness, (b) a theory of crisis, (c) a theory of education, and (d) a theory of transformative action. They conclude by advocating for more, not less, attention being paid to a critical theory approach in evaluation. © Wiley Periodicals, Inc., and the American Evaluation Association. Critical social theorists are critical of what they see as pervasive inequalities and injustices in everyday social relationships and arrangements. They view society as a human construction in need of reconstruction. A “critical social theory” is both the process and the outcome of a transformational agenda and brings together multiple beliefs about human understanding and misunderstanding, the nature of change, and the role of critique and education in society. It is an evaluative as well as a political activity that involves assessing how things are in order to transform them into what they ought to be. Because critical social theory advocates for change, it has often been portrayed as a deterministic approach seeking a desired emancipatory outcome (Lather, 1986). Our primary objective in this
Coordinating Inventory Control and Pricing Strategies for Perishable Products

We analyze a joint pricing and inventory control problem for a perishable product with a fixed lifetime over a finite horizon. In each period, demand depends on the price of the current period plus an additive random term. Inventories can be intentionally disposed of and those that reach their lifetime have to be disposed of. The objective is to find a joint pricing, ordering, and disposal policy so as to maximize the total expected discounted profit over the planning horizon taking into account linear ordering cost, inventory holding and backlogging or lost-sales penalty cost and disposal cost. Employing the concept of L-concavity, we show some monotonicity properties of the optimal policies. Our results shed new light on perishable inventory management, and our approach provides a significantly simpler proof of a classical structural result in the literature. Moreover, we identify bounds on the optimal order-up-to levels and develop an effective heuristic policy. Numerical results show that our heuristic policy performs well in both stationary and nonstationary settings. Finally, we show that our approach also applies to models with random lifetimes and inventory rationing models with multiple demand classes.
Prognostic value of osteoprotegerin in chronic heart failure: The GISSI-HF trial.

BACKGROUND
Circulating levels of osteoprotegerin (OPG), a member of the tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily, is predictive of death and hospitalization for heart failure after acute coronary syndrome. The association between OPG and outcome in patients with chronic heart failure (CHF) is unknown.


METHODS
Plasma OPG levels at baseline were assessed in 1,229 patients with CHF recruited from 51 clinical centers and included in the Gruppo Italiano per lo Studio della Sopravvivenza nell'Infarto Miocardico-Heart Failure (GISSI-HF) trial. Patients were randomized to n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (1 g/d) or rosuvastatin (10 mg/d) versus placebo. Osteoprotegerin was analyzed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The association between OPG and outcome was assessed by Cox proportional hazards regression models.


RESULTS
During a median follow-up time of 3.9 years, 332 patients died; and 791 patients died or were hospitalized because of cardiovascular causes. By univariate analysis, baseline OPG levels were strongly associated with the incidence of death (hazard ratio {HR} [95% CI] 1.53 [1.40-1.67] per 1-SD increase in log OPG). After adjustment for conventional risk markers, OPG remained a significant predictor of death (HR [95% CI] 1.20 [1.06-1.35], P < .001). Similar findings were observed for the composite end point (HR [95% CI] 1.34 [1.07-1.69], P = .012).


CONCLUSION
In patients with CHF, OPG is associated with the incidence of death independently of conventional cardiovascular risk factors.
Efficient Hierarchical Embedding for Learning Coherent Visual Styles

The visionary Steve Jobs said, “A lot of times, people don’t know what they want until you show it to them.” A powerful recommender system not only shows people similar items, but also helps them discover what they might like, and items that complement what they already purchased. In this paper, we attempt to instill a sense of “intention” and “style” into our recommender system, i.e., we aim to recommend items that are visually complementary with those already consumed. By identifying items that are visually coherent with a query item/image, our method facilitates exploration of the long tail items, whose existence users may be even unaware of. This task is formulated only recently by Julian et al. [1], with the input being millions of item pairs that are frequently viewed/bought together, entailing noisy style coherence. In the same work, the authors proposed a Mahalanobisbased transform to discriminate a given pair to be sharing a same style or not. Despite its success, we experimentally found that it’s only able to recommend items on the margin of different clusters, which leads to limited coverage of the items to be recommended. Another limitation is it totally ignores the existence of taxonomy information that is ubiquitous in many datasets like Amazon the authors experimented with. In this report, we propose two novel methods that make use of the hierarchical category metadata to overcome the limitations identified above. The main contributions are listed as following.
Software Architecture Design From the Perspective of Human Cognitive Needs

Software architectures are useful, in part, because they use the appropriate level of abstraction to support the design of complex systems. Software architecture research has quickly evolved to the degree that design environments have been implemented to support software architects in creating new designs. We report on a software architecture design environment named Argo that differs from other approaches by paying attention to the human, cognitive needs of software architects, as much as to the representation and manipulation of the architecture itself. We emphasize the primary considerations by contrasting the human cognitive design process to the systems-oriented software design process. Human-centered features in Argo focus on the application of critics for providing design feedback, design processes for supporting critics, and multiple architectural perspectives for aiding human designers. INTRODUCTION Much attention in software engineering research today is focused on the use of software architectures in design [1, 2, 15, 24]. The major motivation is that software architectures provide the appropriate level of abstraction to support the design and understanding of complex systems. Furthermore, paralleling the research in software reuse, the research in software architectures has the potential of yielding high quality products with minimal effort. The research has quickly reached the point where design environments have been implemented to support software architects in creating new designs by combining components within architectural styles. For example, Garlan and colleagues have explored the design environment component requirements for
Detrital modes of the Pyeongan Supergroup (Late Carboniferous–Early Triassic) sandstones in the Samcheog coalfield, Korea: implications for provenance and tectonic setting

Abstract Medium to coarse sandstones of the Carboniferous to Early Triassic Pyeongan Supergroup in the Samcheog coalfield, Korea, were studied to infer the provenance and tectonic settings of the source areas. Sandstone detrital modes change upwards stratigraphically. Sandstone types from the Manhang to Dosagog formations low to middle in the sequence are quartzarenite, and sublitharenite to litharenite, whereas sandstones of the Gohan and Donggo formations high in the sequence are feldspathic litharenite and arkose, respectively. Using various ternary diagrams, the provenance of the Manhang to Gohan formations is suggested to be a recycled orogen setting. Some Gohan Formation sandstones plot within the arc-related setting field, and the Donggo Formation sandstones plot within both continental block and recycled orogen fields. Results of quartz grain petrography are consistent with those of detrital modes. Quartz in sandstones of all units except the Donggo Formation indicates derivation from low-rank metamorphic sources. Quartz in Donggo sandstones was derived from medium- to high-rank metamorphic and plutonic source rocks. Considering the sandstone composition and palaeocurrent data, the Pyeongan Supergroup probably was deposited in a molasse foreland basin and was derived from a synbasinal orogenic belt, probably the Akiyoshi orogen located in southwest Japan.
Working paper No. 71 - The quantification of respect for selected core labour standards: towards a social development index?

Describes how to quantify the implementation of the ILO's eight fundamental standards at national level. Gives the index values for a number of countries around the world.
A Systematic Literature Review of Sentiment Analysis Techniques

Development of Web 2.0 has resulted in enormous increase in the vast source of opinionated user generated data. Sentiment Analysis includes extracting, grasping, arranging and presenting the feelings or suppositions communicated in the information gathered from the clients. This paper exhibits an efficient writing survey of different strategies of sentiment analysis. A model for sentiment analysis of twitter data using existing techniques is constructed for comparative analysis of various approaches. Dataset is pre-processed for noise removal and unigrams as well as bigrams are used for feature extraction with term frequency as weighting criteria. Maximum accuracy is achieved b y using a combination of SVM and Naïve Bayes at 78.60% employing unigrams and 81.40% employing bigrams as features. Keywords— Sentiment Analysis, Crowdsourced data, Twitter, Machine Learning Techniques.
How does customer self-construal moderate CRM value creation chain?

Most of the existing literature on CRM value chain creation has focused on the effect of customer satisfaction and customer loyalty on customer profitability. In contrast, little has been studied about the CRM value creation chain at individual customer level and the role of self-construal (i.e., independent self-construal and interdependent self-construal) in such a chain. This research aims to construct the chain from customer value to organization value (i.e., customer satisfaction ? customer loyalty ? patronage behavior) and investigate the moderating effect of self-construal. To test the hypotheses suggested by our conceptual framework, we collected 846 data points from China in the context of mobile data services. The results show that customer’s self-construal can moderate the relationship chain from customer satisfaction to customer loyalty to relationship maintenance and development. This implies firms should tailor their customer strategies based on different self-construal features. 2014 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
Exploring the relationship between IT governance practices and business/IT alignment through extreme case analysis in Belgian mid-to-large size financial enterprises

Purpose – Many thought leaders are promoting information technology (IT) governance and its supporting practices as an approach to improve business/IT alignment. This paper aims to further explore this assumed positive relationship between IT governance practices and business/IT alignment. Design/methodology/approach – This paper explores the relationship between the use of IT governance practices and business/IT alignment, by creating a business/IT alignment maturity benchmark and qualitatively comparing the use of IT governance practices in the extreme cases. Findings – The main conclusion of the research is that all extreme case organisations are leveraging a broad set of IT governance practices, and that IT governance practices need to obtain at least a maturity level 2 (on a scale of 5) to positively influence business/IT alignment. Also, a list of 11 key enabling IT governance practices is identified. Research limitations/implications – This research adheres to the process theory, implying a limited definition of prediction. An important opportunity for future research lies in the domain of complementary statistical correlation research. Practical implications – This research identifies key IT governance practices that organisations can leverage to improve business/IT alignment. Originality/value – This research contributes to new theory building in the IT governance and alignment domain and provides practitioners with insight on how to implement IT governance in their organisations.
Opportunities and challenges in developing deep learning models using electronic health records data: a systematic review

Objective
To conduct a systematic review of deep learning models for electronic health record (EHR) data, and illustrate various deep learning architectures for analyzing different data sources and their target applications. We also highlight ongoing research and identify open challenges in building deep learning models of EHRs.


Design/method
We searched PubMed and Google Scholar for papers on deep learning studies using EHR data published between January 1, 2010, and January 31, 2018. We summarize them according to these axes: types of analytics tasks, types of deep learning model architectures, special challenges arising from health data and tasks and their potential solutions, as well as evaluation strategies.


Results
We surveyed and analyzed multiple aspects of the 98 articles we found and identified the following analytics tasks: disease detection/classification, sequential prediction of clinical events, concept embedding, data augmentation, and EHR data privacy. We then studied how deep architectures were applied to these tasks. We also discussed some special challenges arising from modeling EHR data and reviewed a few popular approaches. Finally, we summarized how performance evaluations were conducted for each task.


Discussion
Despite the early success in using deep learning for health analytics applications, there still exist a number of issues to be addressed. We discuss them in detail including data and label availability, the interpretability and transparency of the model, and ease of deployment.
Quality of life in patients with no-option critical limb ischemia underlines the need for new effective treatment.

OBJECTIVE
To provide a solid baseline reference for quality of life (QoL) in patients with no-option critical limb ischemia (CLI). CLI is associated with surgery, endovascular interventions, hospitalization, and a poor prognosis. An increasing number of clinical trials are, therefore, investigating new treatment strategies (eg, therapeutic neovascularization) in patients with CLI. QoL serves as an important secondary endpoint in many of these trials, but solid reference QoL data for patients with no-option CLI are lacking.


METHODS
The Medical Outcomes Study Short Form 36 (SF-36) and the EuroQol-5D (EQ-5D) questionnaires were used to obtain baseline QoL scores from 47 patients with no-option CLI participating in a therapeutic neovascularization trial. To allow for easy comparability, a norm-based scoring (NBS) method was used to report the results of the SF-36. Scores of patients with CLI were furthermore compared with scores of patients with milder forms of peripheral arterial disease (PAD) and with patients with cardiovascular risk factors only. Determinants of QoL in patients with PAD were identified using multiple linear regression methods.


RESULTS
Patients with no-option CLI reported QoL scores below the general population mean on every health dimension of the SF-36. Physical functioning, role physical functioning, and bodily pain were affected most intensively. These poor physical QoL scores were further underlined when compared with other patients with milder forms of PAD or patients with cardiovascular risk factors only. Patients with CLI scored poorly on the pain/discomfort and the usual activities domain of the EQ-5D. Diabetes, female gender, body mass index, and the ankle-brachial index at rest were significant determinants of the QoL in PAD on multivariate analysis.


CONCLUSION
The QoL data of patients with no-option CLI using NBS methods for the SF-36 provide a baseline reference for ongoing clinical trials on new treatment strategies. Our data stress the need for new revascularization therapies in patients with no-option CLI.
Face versus non-face object perception and the ‘other-race’ effect: a spatio-temporal event-related potential study

OBJECTIVE
To investigate a modulation of the N170 face-sensitive component related to the perception of other-race (OR) and same-race (SR) faces, as well as differences in face and non-face object processing, by combining different methods of event-related potential (ERP) signal analysis.


METHODS
Sixty-two channel ERPs were recorded in 12 Caucasian subjects presented with Caucasian and Asian faces along with non-face objects. Surface data were submitted to classical waveforms and ERP map topography analysis. Underlying brain sources were estimated with two inverse solutions (BESA and LORETA).


RESULTS
The N170 face component was identical for both race faces. This component and its topography revealed a face specific pattern regardless of race. However, in this time period OR faces evoked significantly stronger medial occipital activity than SR faces. Moreover, in terms of maps, at around 170 ms face-specific activity significantly preceded non-face object activity by 25 ms. These ERP maps were followed by similar activation patterns across conditions around 190-300 ms, most likely reflecting the activation of visually derived semantic information.


CONCLUSIONS
The N170 was not sensitive to the race of the faces. However, a possible pre-attentive process associated to the relatively stronger unfamiliarity for OR faces was found in medial occipital area. Moreover, our data provide further information on the time-course of face and non-face object processing.
Sistemas de reconocimiento basados en la imagen facial

─ This article summarizes the most important research projects developed in thearea of recognitions y stemsusing facial images. It presents the description of the principal lines of study about people identification systems using face recognition. Furthermore, it contains a synthesis of recent mathematical techniques for pattern sextraction in these systems.
The role of emotional dysregulation in concurrent eating disorders and substance use disorders.

This study explored the role of emotional dysregulation in 178 participants with concurrent EDs and SUDs. We ran two path analyses: Model 1 predicted negative mood regulation from alexithymia, and Model 2 predicted emotional eating from negative mood regulation. For Model 1, difficulty identifying and describing feelings was related to poor coping expectancies, while externally-oriented thinking was related to greater coping expectancies. For Model 2, poor coping expectancies in general were related to emotional eating, while greater coping expectancies in relation to behavior (i.e., the belief that some behavior or action can alleviate one's negative affect) also resulted in increased emotional eating. This finding suggests that there may be differences in the purpose of emotional eating; some people may believe that emotional eating can be used as an effective coping strategy to deal with negative affect.
Research Guides: Soil Science: Home

intended to provide information sources for researchers and learners from the College of Agriculture and Bioresources. This is a Guide to finding information in a broad area of soil science
CONCEPTUALISING CONSTRAINT: MOUZELIS, ARCHER AND THE CONCEPT OF SOCIAL STRUCTURE

This paper outlines and evaluates recent contributions by Nicos Mouzelis and Margaret Archer to the structure–agency debate. Mouzelis offers an internal reconstruction of Giddens’s structuration theory; Archer an external alternative. I show that, although representing an advance on Giddens’s position, Mouzelis’s account fails because he relies on the former’s definition of structure as comprising rules and resources. I then examine Archer’s solution to the problem. I argue that her definition of activity-dependence makes her account of the relationship between agents and structures unclear. I outline an alternative account in terms of supervenience, and argue that it contains the minimum ontological claim necessary for a realist understanding of the structure–agent relationship.
A Thematic Analysis of Mothers’ Motivations for Blogging

Introduction Various forms of social media are used by many mothers to maintain social ties and manage the stress associated with their parenting roles and responsibilities. ‘Mommy blogging’ as a specific type of social media usage is a common and growing phenomenon, but little is known about mothers’ blogging-related experiences and how these may contribute to their wellbeing. This exploratory study investigated the blogging-related motivations and goals of Australian mothers. Methods An online survey was emailed to members of an Australian online parenting community. The survey included open-ended questions that invited respondents to discuss their motivations and goals for blogging. A thematic analysis using a grounded approach was used to analyze the qualitative data obtained from 235 mothers. Results Five primary motivations for blogging were identified: developing connections with others, experiencing heightened levels of mental stimulation, achieving self-validation, contributing to the welfare of others, and extending skills and abilities. Discussion These motivations are discussed in terms of their various properties and dimensions to illustrate how these mothers appear to use blogging to enhance their psychological wellbeing.