LLukas22/scidocs huggingface dataset:
Scheduling of a multiproduct pipeline system

Pipelines provide an economic fluid transportation mode for petroleum systems, especially when large amounts of petroleum derivatives have to be pumped for long distances. The system reported in this paper is composed by an oil refinery, one multiproduct pipeline connected to several depots and to the local consumer markets that receive large amounts of oil products. Extensive distances must be covered to reach the depots and the pipeline operates intermittently due to periodic increases in energy costs. The pipeline is divided into segments that connect two consecutive depots and packs that contain one product that compose the segments. Mixed-integer linear programming optimization models that are generated from linear disjunctions and rely on discrete time are proposed for the scheduling system. In the first model it is assumed that the pipeline is divided into packs of equal size, whereas the second one relaxes such assumption. Key decisions of this model involve loading and unloading operations of tanks and of the pipeline These models satisfy all operational constraints, such as mass balances, distribution constraints, product demands, sequencing constraints and logical constraints for pipeline operation. Results generated include the inventory levels at all locations, the distribution of products among the depots and the best ordering of products in the pipeline. Two examples are solved, including a real-world system that is composed of five depots and distributes gasoline, diesel, liquefied petroleum gas and jet fuel for a 3-day time horizon. # 2003 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.
From icons perception to mobile interaction

This study deals with the vital issue of whether a mobile phone interface icon effectively expresses the function related to it. The subject of the effectiveness of icons used in mobile phone interfaces deserves examination. Icons are an integral part of most mobile interfaces, for they are the bridge enabling interaction. We also examine how far any icon represents the meaning of the function for which it has been designed, chosen and installed by the mobile phone manufacturer and designer. Among the chief findings are (1) graphical representation affects the recognition rate of icons and influences user perception and (2) there are significant differences in performance in recognizing icons among different age groups.
Alcohol advertising in magazines and adolescent readership.

CONTEXT
Adolescent drinking is a major public health concern. The federal government does not restrict alcohol advertising to adolescents, but relies on the alcohol industry for self-regulation.


OBJECTIVES
To investigate recent alcohol advertising in magazines and to determine whether advertising frequency is associated with adolescent readership.


DESIGN, SETTING, AND SUBJECTS
All alcohol advertisements were counted that appeared from 1997-2001 in 35 of 48 major US magazines, which tracked their adolescent readership (3 refused all alcohol advertisements; and advertisement counts were unavailable for 10). Variation was assessed in the advertisement placement frequency for each major category of alcohol (beer, wine and wine coolers, and distilled liquor) by a magazine's adolescent readership (age 12-19 years), young adult readership (age 20-24 years), and older adult readership (age > or =25 years); readership demographics (sex, race, and income); year; frequency of publication; and cost per advertisement.


MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE
Variation in alcohol advertising frequency by adolescent readership.


RESULTS
Adolescent readership ranged from 1.0 to 7.1 million. The alcohol industry placed 9148 advertisements at a cost of 696 million dollars. Of the 9148 advertisements, 1201 (13%) were for beer, 443 (5%) for wine, and 7504 (82%) for liquor. After adjustment for other magazine characteristics, the advertisement rate ratio was 1.6 times more for beer (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.0-2.6; P =.05) and liquor (95% CI, 1.1-2.3; P =.01) for every additional million adolescent readers. Wine industry advertising was not associated with adolescent readership.


CONCLUSIONS
Magazine advertising by the beer and liquor industries is associated with adolescent readership. Industry and federal policymakers should examine ways to regulate advertising that reaches large numbers of adolescents.
Changing Teacher Beliefs PRIME Leadership Standards PLCs in Guatemala

The NCSM Journal of Mathematics Education Leadership is published at least twice yearly, in the spring and fall. Permission to photocopy material from the NCSM Journal of Mathematics Education Leadership is granted for instructional use when the material is to be distributed free of charge (or at cost only), provided that it is duplicated with the full credit given to the authors of the materials and the NCSM Journal of Mathematics Education Leadership. This permission does not apply to copyrighted articles reprinted in the NCSM Journal of Mathematics Education Leadership. The editors of the NCSM Journal of Mathematics Education Leadership are interested in manuscripts that address concerns of leadership in mathematics rather than those of content or delivery. Editors are interested in publishing articles from a broad spectrum of formal and informal leaders who practice at local, regional, national, and international levels. Categories for submittal include: Note: The last two categories are intended for short pieces of 2 to 3 pages in length. Submittal of items should be done electronically to the Journal editor. Do not put any author identification in the body of the item being submitted, but do include author information as you would like to see it in the Journal. Items submitted for publication will be reviewed by two members of the NCSM Review Panel and one editor with comments and suggested revisions sent back to the author at least six weeks before publication. Final copy must be agreed to at least three weeks before publication. Cover image: A spiral vortex generated with fractal algorithms • Strengthening mathematics education leadership through the dissemination of knowledge related to research, issues, trends, programs, policy, and practice in mathematics education • Fostering inquiry into key challenges of mathematics education leadership • Raising awareness about key challenges of mathematics education leadership, in order to influence research, programs, policy, and practice • Engaging the attention and support of other education stakeholders, and business and government, in order to broaden as well as strengthen mathematics education leadership E arlier this year, NCSM released a new mission and vision statement. Our mission speaks to our commitment to " support and sustain improved student achievement through the development of leadership skills and relationships among current and future mathematics leaders. " Our vision statement challenges us as the leaders in mathematics education to collaborate with all stakeholders and develop leadership skills that will lead to improved …
Mindfulness, spirituality, and health-related symptoms.

OBJECTIVE
Although the relationship between religious practice and health is well established, the relationship between spirituality and health is not as well studied. The objective of this study was to ascertain whether participation in the mindfulness-based stress reduction (MBSR) program was associated with increases in mindfulness and spirituality, and to examine the associations between mindfulness, spirituality, and medical and psychological symptoms.


METHODS
Forty-four participants in the University of Massachusetts Medical School's MBSR program were assessed preprogram and postprogram on trait (Mindful Attention and Awareness Scale) and state (Toronto Mindfulness Scale) mindfulness, spirituality (Functional Assessment of Chronic Illness Therapy--Spiritual Well-Being Scale), psychological distress, and reported medical symptoms. Participants also kept a log of daily home mindfulness practice. Mean changes in scores were computed, and relationships between changes in variables were examined using mixed-model linear regression.


RESULTS
There were significant improvements in spirituality, state and trait mindfulness, psychological distress, and reported medical symptoms. Increases in both state and trait mindfulness were associated with increases in spirituality. Increases in trait mindfulness and spirituality were associated with decreases in psychological distress and reported medical symptoms. Changes in both trait and state mindfulness were independently associated with changes in spirituality, but only changes in trait mindfulness and spirituality were associated with reductions in psychological distress and reported medical symptoms. No association was found between outcomes and home mindfulness practice.


CONCLUSIONS
Participation in the MBSR program appears to be associated with improvements in trait and state mindfulness, psychological distress, and medical symptoms. Improvements in trait mindfulness and spirituality appear, in turn, to be associated with improvements in psychological and medical symptoms.
Assessment of independent effect of olanzapine and risperidone on risk of diabetes among patients with schizophrenia: population based nested case-control study.

OBJECTIVE
To quantify the association between olanzapine and diabetes.


DESIGN
Population based nested case-control study.


SETTING
United Kingdom based General Practice Research Database comprising 3.5 million patients followed between 1987 and 2000.


PARTICIPANTS
19 637 patients who had been diagnosed as having and treated for schizophrenia. 451 incident cases of diabetes were matched with 2696 controls.


MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES
Diagnosis and treatment of diabetes.


RESULTS
Patients taking olanzapine had a significantly increased risk of developing diabetes than non-users of antipsychotics (odds ratio 5.8, 95% confidence interval 2.0 to 16.7) and those taking conventional antipsychotics (4.2, 1.5 to 12.2). Patients taking risperidone had a non-significant increased risk of developing diabetes than non-users of antipsychotics (2.2, 0.9 to 5.2) and those taking conventional antipsychotics (1.6, 0.7 to 3.8).


CONCLUSION
Olanzapine is associated with a clinically important and significant increased risk of diabetes.
The aesthetic earlobe: classification of lobule ptosis on the basis of a survey of North American Caucasians.

North American Caucasian male subjects (n = 59) and female subjects (n = 72) were surveyed, to investigate earlobe height preferences that could serve as guidelines for aesthetic earlobe surgical procedures and reconstructions. Subjects were asked to rank their preferences for variously shaped earlobes in life-size-scaled sketched male and female profiles. Earlobe heights were varied on the basis of previously established anatomical landmarks, including the intertragal notch, the most caudal anterior attachment of the earlobe to the cheek skin (the otobasion inferius), and the most caudal extension of the earlobe-free margin (the subaurale). While the intertragal notch-to-otobasion inferius distance (range, 5 to 20 mm) and otobasion inferius-to-subaurale distance (range, 0 to 20 mm) varied, all other facial and ear anthropometric measurements were held constant. Each of the rank orders for the female and male facial profiles completed by the female and male subjects demonstrated statistical significance, as determined by one-way analysis of variance analysis of ranks (p < 0.001 for all four groups). No difference was noted between the two sexes' rank orders for either sex (p > 0.05). Therefore, analysis of the combined male and female preferences for each sex was completed with one-way analysis of variance analysis of ranks (p < 0.001 and p < 0.001) and a post hoc Dunn's test, to delineate significant preference differences between subgroups with respect to the intertragal notch-to-otobasion inferius and otobasion inferius-to-subaurale distances. Both female and male earlobe intertragal notch-to-otobasion inferius distances were preferred at either 5, 10, or 15 mm, more so than at 20 mm (p < 0.05 for all female and male comparisons). Furthermore, both female and male earlobe otobasion inferius-to-subaurale distances were preferred, in descending order, at 5 mm > 10 mm > 0 mm > 15 mm > 20 mm (p < 0.05 for all female and male comparisons). On the basis of the findings of this survey, the first classification of earlobe ptosis (based on otobasion inferius-to-subaurale distances), as well as a criterion for earlobe pseudoptosis (intertragal notch-to-otobasion inferius distance of greater than 15 mm), is presented. These findings suggest a role for independent assessment of the lobule length with respect to its anteriorly attached cephalad component (intertragal notch-to-otobasion inferius distance) and its free-margin caudal component (otobasion inferius-to-subaurale distance).
A microbial biomanufacturing platform for natural and semi-synthetic opiates

Opiates and related molecules are medically essential, but their production via field cultivation of opium poppy Papaver somniferum leads to supply inefficiencies and insecurity. As an alternative production strategy, we developed baker's yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae as a microbial host for the transformation of opiates. Yeast strains engineered to express heterologous genes from P. somniferum and bacterium Pseudomonas putida M10 convert thebaine to codeine, morphine, hydromorphone, hydrocodone and oxycodone. We discovered a new biosynthetic branch to neopine and neomorphine, which diverted pathway flux from morphine and other target products. We optimized strain titer and specificity by titrating gene copy number, enhancing cosubstrate supply, applying a spatial engineering strategy and performing high-density fermentation, which resulted in total opioid titers up to 131 mg/l. This work is an important step toward total biosynthesis of valuable benzylisoquinoline alkaloid drug molecules and demonstrates the potential for developing a sustainable and secure yeast biomanufacturing platform for opioids.
Robust Detection of Lines Using the Progressive Probabilistic Hough Transform

In the paper we present the progressive probabilistic Hough transform (PPHT). Unlike the probabilistic HT, where the standard HT is performed on a preselected fraction of input points, the PPHT minimizes the amount of computation needed to detect lines byexploiting the difference in the fraction of votes needed to reliably detect lines with different numbers of supporting points. The fraction of points used for voting need not be specified ad hoc or using a priori knowledge, as in the probabilistic HT; it is a function of the inherent complexity of data. The algorithm is ideally suited for real-time applications with a fixed amount of available processing time, since voting and line detection are interleaved. The most salient features are likely to be detected first. While retaining its robustness, experiments show that the PPHT has, in many circumstances, advantages over the standard HT. c © 2000 Academic Press
The effect of massage therapy on chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting in pediatric cancer

BACKGROUND
Nausea and vomiting are the most common and unpleasant side effects of chemotherapy, and they may prevent successful treatment completion. Antiemetics not only cannot control nausea and vomiting completely but also have numerous side effects. So it is necessary to find other methods for a better control. This study aimed to assess the effect of massage therapy on chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting in pediatric cancer.


MATERIALS AND METHODS
In this randomized controlled clinical trial study, 70 patients (4-18 years of age) under chemotherapy were divided into two (massage therapy and control) groups randomly. In the massage group at 0.5 h and 24 h before and 24 h after chemotherapy, the patients were massaged (Swedish massage) for 20 min, respectively. All indices of nausea and vomiting (incidence, severity, time, and length) were assessed by Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) and BARF scales and other questionnaires and documented.


RESULTS
The results of Mann-Whitney and chi-squire tests indicated that in the massage group, the incidence of nausea was 25.7%, the severity, length, and times of nausea were 20%, 54 min, and 0.35 times, respectively, and the severity and times of vomiting were 0.24 scores and 0.31 times lower than those of the control group (P < 0.05), respectively. But vomiting incidence in the two groups showed no significant difference (P = 0.192).


CONCLUSIONS
Massage therapy reduced chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting. So, nurses can use it and educate it to the patients' families. Nurses, besides using it clinically, can provide instructions to families for involving them in the treatment process and they feel they are more efficate in care of their suffering children.
Use of a Real-Time Training Software (Laerdal QCPR®) Compared to Instructor-Based Feedback for High-Quality Chest Compressions Acquisition in Secondary School Students: A Randomized Trial

High-quality chest compressions are pivotal to improve survival from cardiac arrest. Basic life support training of school students is an international priority. The aim of this trial was to assess the effectiveness of a real-time training software (Laerdal QCPR®) compared to a standard instructor-based feedback for chest compressions acquisition in secondary school students. After an interactive frontal lesson about basic life support and high quality chest compressions, 144 students were randomized to two types of chest compressions training: 1) using Laerdal QCPR® (QCPR group- 72 students) for real-time feedback during chest compressions with the guide of an instructor who considered software data for students' correction 2) based on standard instructor-based feedback (SF group- 72 students). Both groups had a minimum of a 2-minute chest compressions training session. Students were required to reach a minimum technical skill level before the evaluation. We evaluated all students at 7 days from the training with a 2-minute chest compressions session. The primary outcome was the compression score, which is an overall measure of chest compressions quality calculated by the software expressed as percentage. 125 students were present at the evaluation session (60 from QCPR group and 65 from SF group). Students in QCPR group had a significantly higher compression score (median 90%, IQR 81.9-96.0) compared to SF group (median 67%, IQR 27.7-87.5), p = 0.0003. Students in QCPR group performed significantly higher percentage of fully released chest compressions (71% [IQR 24.5-99.0] vs 24% [IQR 2.5-88.2]; p = 0.005) and better chest compression rate (117.5/min [IQR 106-123.5] vs 125/min [115-135.2]; p = 0.001). In secondary school students, a training for chest compressions based on a real-time feedback software (Laerdal QCPR®) guided by an instructor is superior to instructor-based feedback training in terms of chest compression technical skill acquisition.


TRIAL REGISTRATION
Australian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry ACTRN12616000383460.
Wireless Sensor Network Architecture

Wireless sensor networks are becoming very popular technology, it is very important to understand the architecture for this kind of networks before deploying it in any application. This work explores the WSN architecture according to the OSI model with some protocols in order to achieve good background on the wireless sensor networks and help readers to find a summary for ideas, protocols and problems towards an appropriate design model for WSNs.
Analýza ekonomického výzkumu

George J. Stigler in his Nobel price lecture in 1982 suggested to apply the ideas of economics of information on the market of new ideas of economic science. On the border between the economics of information and some other social sciences, co-word method and citation analysis are proposed for searching fundamental research themes and fundamental articles. In this article, these methods are applied to economics.
Testing android apps through symbolic execution

There is a growing need for automated testing techniques aimed at Android apps. A critical challenge is the systematic generation of test cases. One method of systematically generating test cases for Java programs is symbolic execution. But applying symbolic execution tools, such as Symbolic Pathfinder (SPF), to generate test cases for Android apps is challenged by the fact that Android apps run on the Dalvik Virtual Machine (DVM) instead of JVM. In addition, Android apps are event driven and susceptible to path-divergence due to their reliance on an application development framework. This paper provides an overview of a two-pronged approach to alleviate these issues. First, we have developed a model of Android libraries in Java Pathfinder (JPF) to enable execution of Android apps in a way that addresses the issues of incompatibility with JVM and path-divergence. Second, we have leveraged program analysis techniques to correlate events with their handlers for automatically generating Android-specific drivers that simulate all valid events.
Design of dual-band low profile high directive EBG resonator antenna, using single layer frequency selective surface (FSS) superstrate

In this paper, we present a novel design of a dual-band high directive EBG resonator antenna that utilizes a single layer frequency selective surfaces (FSS) as a superstrate. In this study we use a special configuration of square loop-array to design the FSS superstrate layer. We obtain the different operating frequencies by adjusting the distance of FSS from printed patch antenna and also the perimeter of square loops. The proposed structure presents more than 18 dBi directivity enhancement at 11.25 GHz and 13.15 GHz as compared to those of a patch antenna with 6 dBi directivity
Practical application of comfort theory in the perianesthesia setting.

UNLABELLED
Comfort management is a priority for patients in all settings. Comfort theory provides a foundational and holistic approach to comfort management. This article reviews comfort theory and presents the application of comfort theory in the perianesthesia setting.


OBJECTIVES
-Based on the content of the following article, the reader will be able to (1) define comfort; (2) identify comfort interventions; and (3) discuss the importance of a goal for enhanced comfort in patients.