LLukas22/scidocs huggingface dataset:
Duloxetine, pregabalin, and duloxetine plus gabapentin for diabetic peripheral neuropathic pain management in patients with inadequate pain response to gabapentin: an open-label, randomized, noninferiority comparison.

OBJECTIVE
To determine whether duloxetine is noninferior to (as good as) pregabalin in the treatment of pain associated with diabetic peripheral neuropathy.


PATIENTS AND METHODS
We performed a 12-week, open-label study of patients with diabetic peripheral neuropathic pain who had been treated with gabapentin (≥ 900 mg/d) and had an inadequate response (defined as a daily pain score of ≥ 4 on a numerical rating scale [0-10 points]). The first patient was enrolled on September 28, 2006, and the last patient visit occurred on August 26, 2009. Patients were randomized to duloxetine monotherapy (n=138), pregabalin monotherapy (n=134), or a combination of duloxetine and gabapentin (n=135). The primary objective was a noninferiority comparison between duloxetine and pregabalin on improvement in the weekly mean of the diary-based daily pain score (0- to 10-point scale) at end point. Noninferiority would be declared if the mean improvement for duloxetine was no worse than the mean improvement for pregabalin, within statistical variability, by a margin of -0.8 unit.


RESULTS
The mean change in the pain rating at end point was -2.6 for duloxetine and -2.1 for pregabalin. The 97.5% lower confidence limit was a -0.05 difference in means, establishing noninferiority. As to adverse effects, nausea, insomnia, hyperhidrosis, and decreased appetite were more frequent with duloxetine than pregabalin; insomnia, more frequent with duloxetine than duloxetine plus gabapentin; peripheral edema, more frequent with pregabalin than with duloxetine; and nausea, hyperhidrosis, decreased appetite, and vomiting, more frequent with duloxetine plus gabapentin than with pregabalin.


CONCLUSION
Duloxetine was noninferior to pregabalin for the treatment of pain in patients with diabetic peripheral neuropathy who had an inadequate pain response to gabapentin.


TRIAL REGISTRATION
clinicaltrials.gov Identifier: NCT00385671.
Mental health self-assessment in patients with moderate to severe psoriasis: an observational, multicenter study of 1164 patients in Spain (the VACAP Study).

BACKGROUND
Poor self-assessed mental health appears to be related to the severity of psoriasis.


OBJECTIVE
To evaluate the impact of psoriasis severity on mood and anxiety disorders.


METHODS
A prospective, observational, multicenter study was conducted by 123 dermatologists in Spain. Patients (n=164; mean [SD] age, 45.11 [13.92] years; 60.8% males) with moderate to severe psoriasis were evaluated at baseline and 4 months later. Psoriasis severity was measured using the Psoriasis Area and Severity Index (PASI), with a score range of 0 (mild) to 72 (severe); body surface area involvement (BSA); and physician global assessment (PGA) scores, with a range of 1 (mild) to 7 (severe). Mental health was assessed using the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS), with a total possible score of 0-42 (higher scores representing worse mental health). Mean first and second visit scores were compared.


RESULTS
Mean (SD) scores improved between the first and second visit as follows: 13.24 (9.50) to 5.07 (6.03) for PASI, 12.52 (7.92) to 10.78 (7.32) for overall HADS, 7.83 (4.55) to 6.85 (4.21) for the HADS anxiety subscale, and 4.72 (4.12) to 3.95 (3.76) for the HADS depression subscale (P<.001 in all cases). Multivariate analyses showed that the main factors related to anxiety were psoriasis severity, sex, and completion of graduate studies. The independent variables included in the model for depression were psoriasis severity, sex, and psoriasis located on the head.


CONCLUSIONS
Reductions in disease severity improve self-assessed mood and anxiety disorders in patients with moderate to severe psoriasis.
Blue Laser Diode Enables Underwater Communication at 12.4 Gbps

To enable high-speed underwater wireless optical communication (UWOC) in tap-water and seawater environments over long distances, a 450-nm blue GaN laser diode (LD) directly modulated by pre-leveled 16-quadrature amplitude modulation (QAM) orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) data was employed to implement its maximal transmission capacity of up to 10 Gbps. The proposed UWOC in tap water provided a maximal allowable communication bit rate increase from 5.2 to 12.4 Gbps with the corresponding underwater transmission distance significantly reduced from 10.2 to 1.7 m, exhibiting a bit rate/distance decaying slope of -0.847 Gbps/m. When conducting the same type of UWOC in seawater, light scattering induced by impurities attenuated the blue laser power, thereby degrading the transmission with a slightly higher decay ratio of 0.941 Gbps/m. The blue LD based UWOC enables a 16-QAM OFDM bit rate of up to 7.2 Gbps for transmission in seawater more than 6.8 m.
Aprepitant for the prevention of chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting in children: a randomised, double-blind, phase 3 trial.

BACKGROUND
Oral aprepitant, a neurokinin-1 receptor antagonist, is recommended in combination with other anti-emetic agents for the prevention of nausea and vomiting associated with moderately or highly emetogenic chemotherapy in adults, but its efficacy and safety in paediatric patients are unknown. We did this phase 3 trial to examine the safety and efficacy of such treatment in children.


METHODS
In this final analysis of a phase 3, randomised, multicentre, double-blind study, patients aged 6 months to 17 years with a documented malignancy who were scheduled to receive either moderately or highly emetogenic chemotherapy were randomly assigned with an interactive voice response system to an age-based and weight-based blinded regimen of aprepitant (125 mg for ages 12-17 years; 3·0 mg/kg up to 125 mg for ages 6 months to <12 years) plus ondansetron on day 1, followed by aprepitant (80 mg for ages 12-17 years; 2·0 mg/kg up to 80 mg for ages 6 months to <12 years) on days 2 and 3, or placebo plus ondansetron on day 1 followed by placebo on days 2 and 3; addition of dexamethasone was allowed. Randomisation was stratified according to patient age, planned use of chemotherapy associated with very high risk of emetogenicity, and planned use of dexamethasone as an anti-emetic. Ondansetron was dosed per the product label for paediatric use or local standard of care. The primary efficacy endpoint was the proportion of patients who achieved complete response (defined as no vomiting, no retching, and no use of rescue medication) during the 25-120 h (delayed phase) after initiation of emetogenic chemotherapy. Efficacy and safety analyses were done with all randomly assigned patients who received at least one dose of study treatment. This study is registered with ClinicalTrials.gov, number NCT01362530.


FINDINGS
Between Sept 22, 2011, and Aug 16, 2013, 307 patients were randomly assigned at 49 sites in 24 countries to either the aprepitant group (155 patients) or to the control group (152 patients). Three patients in the aprepitant group and two in the control group did not receive study medication, and thus were excluded from analyses. 77 (51%) of 152 patients in the aprepitant group and 39 (26%) of 150 in the control group achieved a complete response in the delayed phase (p<0·0001). The most common grade 3-4 adverse events were febrile neutropenia (23 [15%] of 152 in the aprepitant group vs 21 [14%] of 150 in the control group), anaemia (14 [9%] vs 26 [17%]), and decreased neutrophil count (11 [7%] vs 17 [11%]). The most common serious adverse event was febrile neutropenia (23 [15%] patients in the aprepitant group vs 22 [15%] in the control group).


INTERPRETATION
Addition of aprepitant to ondansetron with or without dexamethasone is effective for the prevention of chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting in paediatric patients being treated with moderately or highly emetogenic chemotherapy.


FUNDING
Merck & Co., Inc.
Observing ergodic translations with discontinuous functions: An example in global observability

Doug McMahon was killed in a climbing accident in late 1986. He was a member of the Department of Mathematics at Arizona State University. The first two authors feel fortunate to have known Doug and to have worked with him. We would also like to thank Cris Brynes and Clyde Martin for getting us together with Doug.
Exploring cyber intelligence alternatives for countering cyber crime

In this paper, a case study of cyber crime is presented in the context of JNTUHJAC website. CERT-In is identified as the organization relevant to handling this kind of cybercrime. This paper is an attempt to find and do away with the lacunae in the prevailing cyber laws and the I.T. Act 2000 and the related amendment act 2008 such that law takes cognizance of all kinds of cybercrimes perpetrated against individuals/societies/nations. It is found that ICANN is an organization to control the cyberspace by blocking the space wherein the content involves cognizable offence.
Endoscopic and ultrasonographic evaluation of the maxillary sinus after combined sinus floor augmentation and implant insertion.

OBJECTIVE
The aim of our study was a radiographic, endoscopic, and ultrasound follow-up of the maxillary sinus comparing 2 techniques of sinus floor augmentation.


STUDY DESIGN
Sonograms, radiographs (Waters' view) of the sinuses, and endoscopy served before and during surgery to evaluate the maxillary sinus. One week after the operation, ultrasound and radiograph follow-up (Waters' view) were carried out. Six months after the operation, we performed an ultrasound follow-up along with uncovering the implants. If any pathologic condition was found, we took another x-ray film of the sinuses, performed another endoscopic examination, or both.


RESULTS
In 23 of 63 patients, healing was uneventful. Waters' view revealed opacification of the maxillary sinus 1 week after surgery in 40 cases when the "window technique" was used. Sinusitis occurred 3 times, as a result of migration of bone chips in 2 patients. We lost 11 of 132 inserted implants during the healing and loading periods.


CONCLUSION
Endoscope-controlled sinus floor augmentation may lower the complication rate in a remaining height of the jaws between 4 and 8 mm. In our group of patients, we proved by endoscopic examination that migration of cancellous bone sequestra was the reason for sinusitis. In case of infected bone grafts with antral symptoms, sinoscopy allowed debridement and removal of a sequestrum.
Neural Networks and Statistical Models

There has been much publicity about the ability of artificial neural networks to le:ilT1 and generalize. In fact. the most commonly used artificial neural networks, called multilayer perceptrons. are nothing more than nonlinear regression and discriminant models that can be implemented with standard statistical software. This paper explains what neural networks are, translates neural network jargon into statistical jargon. and shows the relationships between neural networks and statistical models such as generalized linear models. maximum redundancy analysis, projection pursuit. and
Efficacy and effectiveness of a balance-enhancing insole.

BACKGROUND
Age-related loss of foot-sole cutaneous sensation is very common and is associated with impaired balance control. This study investigated the effect of a balance-enhancing insole (designed to facilitate foot-sole sensation) on lateral gait stability and evaluated its effectiveness in daily life.


METHODS
Forty community-dwelling older adults (age 65-75) with moderate loss of foot-sole sensation (unrelated to neuropathy) were fitted with the same model of walking shoes. Half of the participants were assigned, at random, to wear the shoes with a facilitatory insole for 12 weeks; the other participants wore a conventional insole. A gait perturbation protocol, simulating uneven terrain, was performed at baseline and after wearing the assigned insoles for 12 weeks. Participants were tested with both types of insoles during each gait-testing session and sent in weekly postcards with information pertaining to insole comfort, hours of wear, and falls.


RESULTS
The facilitatory insole improved lateral stability during gait, and this benefit did not habituate after 12 weeks of wearing the insole in daily life. Nine participants who wore conventional insoles experienced one or more falls, whereas only five of the facilitatory group fell. Although there were initial reports of mild discomfort in 10 cases, all but one participant tolerated the facilitatory insole, and most indicated that they would like to continue wearing the insole on a long-term basis.


CONCLUSIONS
A relatively simple change in insole design can help to counter effects of age-related (non-neuropathic) decline in foot-sole sensitivity, and is a viable intervention to enhance balance control.
Marker tracking and HMD calibration for a video-based augmented reality conferencing system

CSCW; in this setting computers can provide the same type of collaborative information that people have in face-to-face interactions, such as communication by object manipulation, voice and gesture [1]. Work on the DIVE project [2], GreenSpace [3] and other fully immersive multi-participant virtual environments has shown that collaborative work is indeed intuitive in such surroundings. However most current multi-user VR systems are fully immersive, separating the user from the real world and their traditional tools. As Grudin [4] points out, CSCW tools are generally rejected when they force users to change the way they work. This is because of the introduction of seams or discontinuities between the way people usually work and the way they are forced to work because of the computer interface. Ishii describes in detail the advantages of seamless CSCW interfaces [5]. Obviously immersive VR interfaces introduce a huge discontinuity between the real and virtual worlds. An alternative approach is through Augmented Reality (AR), the overlaying of virtual objects onto the real world. In the past researchers have explored the use of AR approaches to support face-to-face collaboration. Projects such as Studierstube [6], Transvision [7], and AR2 Hockey [8] allow users can see each other as well as 3D virtual objects in the space between them. Users can interact with the real world at the same time as the virtual images, bringing the benefits of VR interfaces into the real world and facilitating very natural collaboration. In a previous paper we found that this meant that users collaborate better on a task in a face-to-face AR setting than for the same task in a Abstract We describe an augmented reality conferencing system which uses the overlay of virtual images on the real world. Remote collaborators are represented on Virtual Monitors which can be freely positioned about a user in space. Users can collaboratively view and interact with virtual objects using a shared virtual whiteboard. This is possible through precise virtual image registration using fast and accurate computer vision techniques and HMD calibration. We propose a method for tracking fiducial markers and a calibration method for optical see-through HMD based on the marker tracking.
The impact of lean practices on inventory turnover

Lean manufacturing (LM) is currently enjoying its second heyday. Companies in several industries are implementing lean practices to keep pace with the competition and achieve better results. In this article, we will concentrate on how companies can improve their inventory turnover performance through the use of lean practices. According to our main proposition, firms that widely apply lean practices have higher inventory turnover than those that do not rely on LM. However, there may be significant differences in inventory turnover even among lean manufacturers depending on their contingencies. Therefore, we also investigate how various contingency factors (production systems, order types, product types) influence the inventory turnover of lean manufacturers. We use cluster and correlation analysis to separate manufacturers based on the extent of their leanness and to examine the effect of contingencies. We acquired the data from the International Manufacturing Strategy Survey (IMSS) in ISIC sectors 28–35. & 2010 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
ω-3 and ω-6 Polyunsaturated fatty acid intakes and the risk of breast cancer in Mexican women: impact of obesity status.

BACKGROUND
ω-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) could play a protective role on the risk of breast cancer; however, little is known about this relation among Mexican women. We evaluated the association between ω-3 and ω-6 PUFA intake and breast cancer risk by obesity status in Mexican women.


METHODS
A population-based case-control study was conducted in Mexico, including 1,000 incident breast cancer cases and 1,074 controls matched to cases by age, health care system, and region. Women provided information on health and diet by in-person interview. Body mass index (BMI) measures were used to define overall obesity. Obesity status was categorized as normal weight (18.5 < BMI < 25), overweight (25 ≤ BMI < 30), and obese (BMI ≥ 30). A conditional logistic regression model was used to assess the association between PUFA and breast cancer risk.


RESULTS
Overall, there was no significant association between ω-3 PUFA intake and breast cancer risk (P = 0.31). An increased risk of breast cancer was associated with increasing ω-6 PUFA intake in premenopausal women [OR = 1.92, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.13-3.26; P = 0.04]. A decreased risk of breast cancer was significantly associated with increasing ω-3 PUFA intake in obese women (OR = 0.58, 95% CI = 0.39-0.87; P = 0.008) but not in normal weight nor in overweight women (P(heterogeneity) = 0.017).


CONCLUSIONS
Obesity status may affect the association between ω-3 PUFA intake and breast cancer risk. The underlying mechanisms may be related to decreased inflammation and improved adipokin and estrogen levels induced by ω-3 PUFA in adipose tissue in obese women.


IMPACT
Increased intake of ω-3 PUFA should be recommended among Mexican women in particular in obese women.
Pigmented lesion of the left nipple in a 49-year-old woman.

Microscopic examination revealed polymorphic cells with abundant cytoplasm and large nuclei within the acanthotic epidermis (Figure 3). There were aggregated melanin granules in the epidermis, as well as a subepidermal lymphocytic infiltrate. The atypical cells were positive for CK7 (Figure 4). A few scattered cells were positive with the Melan-A stain (Figure 5). Pigmented lesion of the left nipple in a 49-year-old woman Case for Diagnosis
Data Mining in Manufacturing: a Review

The paper reviews applications of data mining in manufacturing engineering, in particular production processes, operations, fault detection, maintenance, decision support, and product quality improvement. Customer relationship management, information integration aspects, and standardization are also briefly discussed. This review is focused on demonstrating the relevancy of data mining to manufacturing industry, rather than discussing the data mining domain in general. The volume of general data mining literature makes it difficult to gain a precise view of a target area such as manufacturing engineering, which has its own particular needs and requirements for mining applications. This review reveals progressive applications in addition to existing gaps and less considered areas such as manufacturing planning and shop floor control. DOI: 10.1115/1.2194554
Bio-Inspired Spiking Convolutional Neural Network using Layer-wise Sparse Coding and STDP Learning

Hierarchical feature discovery using non-spiking convolutional neural networks (CNNs) has attracted much recent interest in machine learning and computer vision. However, it is still not well understood how to create spiking deep networks with multi-layer, unsupervised learning. One advantage of spiking CNNs is their bio-realism. Another advantage is that they represent information using sparse spike-trains which enable power-efficient implementation. This paper explores a novel bio-inspired spiking CNN that is trained in a greedy, layer-wise fashion. The proposed network consists of a spiking convolutional-pooling layer followed by a feature discovery layer. Kernels for the convolutional layer are trained using local learning. The learning is implemented using a sparse, spiking auto-encoder representing primary visual features. The feature discovery layer is equipped with a probabilistic spike-timing-dependent plasticity (STDP) learning rule. This layer represents complex visual features using probabilistic leaky, integrate-and-fire (LIF) neurons. Our results show that the convolutional layer is stack-admissible, enabling it to support a multi-layer learning. The visual features obtained from the proposed probabilistic LIF neurons in the feature discovery layer are utilized for training a classifier. Classification results contribute to the independent and informative visual features extracted in a hierarchy of convolutional and feature discovery layers. The proposed model is evaluated on the MNIST digit dataset using clean and noisy images. The recognition performance for clean images is above 98%. The performance loss for recognizing the noisy images is in the range 0.1% to 8.5% depending on noise types and densities. This level of performance loss indicates that the network is robust to additive noise.
Numerical Simulation of Cloud–Clear Air Interfacial Mixing: Effects on Cloud Microphysics

This paper extends the previously published numerical study of Andrejczuk et al. on microscale cloud– clear air mixing. Herein, the primary interest is on microphysical transformations. First, a convergence study is performed—with well-resolved direct numerical simulation of the interfacial mixing in the limit—to optimize the design of a large series of simulations with varying physical parameters. The principal result is that all conclusions drawn from earlier low-resolution ( x 10 2 m) simulations are corroborated by the high-resolution ( x 0.25 10 2 m) calculations, including the development of turbulent kinetic energy (TKE) and the evolution of microphysical properties. This justifies the use of low resolution in a large set of sensitivity simulations, where microphysical transformations are investigated in response to variations of the initial volume fraction of cloudy air, TKE input, liquid water mixing ratio in cloudy filaments, relative humidity (RH) of clear air, and size of cloud droplets. The simulations demonstrate that regardless of the initial conditions the evolutions of the number of cloud droplets and the mean volume radius follow a universal path dictated by the TKE input, RH of clear air filaments, and the mean size of cloud droplets. The resulting evolution path only weakly depends on the progress of the homogenization. This is an important conclusion because it implies that a relatively simple rule can be developed for representing the droplet-spectrum evolution in cloud models that apply parameterized microphysics. For the low-TKE input, when most of the TKE is generated by droplet evaporation during mixing and homogenization, an inhomogeneous scenario is observed with approximately equal changes in the dimensionless droplet number and mean volume radius cubed. Consistent with elementary scale analysis, higher-TKE inputs, higher RH of cloud-free filaments, and larger cloud droplets enhance the homogeneity of mixing. These results are discussed in the context of observations of entrainment and mixing in natural clouds.