LLukas22/scidocs huggingface dataset:
Occupational Therapy in Mental Health Exploring the Safety and Therapeutic Effects of Deep Pressure Stimulation Using a Weighted Blanket

This paper presents the results of a concurrent, nested, mixed methods exploratory study on the safety and e ectiveness of the use of a 30 lb weighted blanket with a convenience sample of 32 adults. Safety is investigated measuring blood pressure, pulse rate, and pulse oximetry, and e ectiveness by electrodermal activity (EDA), the State Trait Anxiety Inventory-10 and an exit survey. The results reveal that Brian Mullen (E-mail: Bmullen@student.umass.edu), BS, is Graduate Research Assistant, Sundar Krishnamurty (E-mail: skrishna@ecs.umass.edu), PhD, is In terim Department Head and Associate Professor, and Robert X. Gao (E-mail: Gao@ecs.umass.edu), PhD, is Professor; all are at University of MassachusettsAmherst, Department of Mechanical & Industrial Engineering–ELAB Building, 160 Governors Drive, Amherst, MA 01003 . Tina Champagne (E-mail: Tina_Champagne@cooley-dickinson.org), MEd, OTR/L, is Occupational Therapy and Group Program Supervisor, and Debra Dickson (E-mail: Debra_Dickson@cooley-dickinson.org), APRN, BC, is Behavioral Health Clinical Nurse Specialist; both are at Cooley Dickinson Hospital, Acute Inpatient Behav ioral Health Department, 30 Locust Street, Northampton, MA 01060. Address correspondence to Tina Champagne at the above address. The authors wish to acknowledge and thank the UMASS-Amherst School of Nursing for providing use of the nursing lab and vital signs monitoring equipment for the pur poses of this study and to Dr. Keli Mu for his assistance with the revisions of this paper. Occupational Therapy in Mental Health, Vol. 24(1) 2008 Available online at http://otmh.haworthpress.com © 2008 by The Haworth Press. All rights reserved. doi:10.1300/J004v24n01_05 65 the use of the 30 lb weighted blanket, in the lying down position, is safe as evidenced by the vital sign metrics. Data obtained on e ectiveness reveal 33% demonstrated lowering in EDA when using the weighted blanket, 63% reported lower anxiety after use, and 78% preferred the weighted blanket as a calming modality. The results of this study will be used to form the basis for subsequent research on the therapeutic in u ence of the weighted blanket with adults during an acute inpatient mental health admission.doi:10.1300/J004v24n01_05 [Article copies available for a fee from The Haworth Document Delivery Service: 1-800-HAWORTH. E-mail address: <docdelivery@haworthpress.com> Website: <http://www.HaworthPress. com> © 2008 by The Haworth Press. All rights reserved.]
Bilingualism delays age at onset of dementia, independent of education and immigration status.

OBJECTIVES
The purpose of the study was to determine the association between bilingualism and age at onset of dementia and its subtypes, taking into account potential confounding factors.


METHODS
Case records of 648 patients with dementia (391 of them bilingual) diagnosed in a specialist clinic were reviewed. The age at onset of first symptoms was compared between monolingual and bilingual groups. The influence of number of languages spoken, education, occupation, and other potentially interacting variables was examined.


RESULTS
Overall, bilingual patients developed dementia 4.5 years later than the monolingual ones. A significant difference in age at onset was found across Alzheimer disease dementia as well as frontotemporal dementia and vascular dementia, and was also observed in illiterate patients. There was no additional benefit to speaking more than 2 languages. The bilingual effect on age at dementia onset was shown independently of other potential confounding factors such as education, sex, occupation, and urban vs rural dwelling of subjects.


CONCLUSIONS
This is the largest study so far documenting a delayed onset of dementia in bilingual patients and the first one to show it separately in different dementia subtypes. It is the first study reporting a bilingual advantage in those who are illiterate, suggesting that education is not a sufficient explanation for the observed difference. The findings are interpreted in the context of the bilingual advantages in attention and executive functions.
Graphical Models for Game Theory

We introduce a compact graph-theoretic representation for multi-party game theory. Our main result is a provably correct and efficient algorithm for computing approximate Nash equilibria in (one-stage) games represented by trees or sparse graphs.
Design of Digital Logic Circuits using Carbon Nanotube Field Effect Transistors

The work in this paper designs the basic logic circuits using the carbon nanotube field effect transistor (CNTFET). CNTFET is a novel device that is projected to outperform scaled CMOS technologies. CNTFET-based devices offer high mobility for near-ballistic transport, high carrier velocity for fast switching, as well as better electrostatic control due to the quasi one-dimensional structure of carbon nanotubes. CNTFET utilizes a semiconducting carbon nanotube (CNT) channel controlled by isolated electrostatic gates. It demonstrates p-type or n-type switching behavior depending upon the polarity-gate voltage. In this paper ambipolar CNTFETs are used to design basic logic circuits. The datapath logic blocks like half and full-adders are designed and their performances have been investigated.
Effects of α-ketoglutarate on energy status in the intestinal mucosa of weaned piglets chronically challenged with lipopolysaccharide.

The present study determined whether α-ketoglutarate (AKG) might affect the expression of AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) and energy status in the intestinal mucosa of piglets challenged with Escherichia coli lipopolysaccharide (LPS). A total of eighteen piglets (weaned at 21 d of age) were allocated to one of three treatments: (1) non-challenged (control); (2) LPS-challenged (LPS); (3) LPS+1 % AKG (LPS+AKG). Piglets in the control and LPS groups were fed a maize- and soyabean meal-based diet, and the LPS+AKG group was fed the basal diet supplemented with 1 % AKG. On days 10, 12, 14 and 16 of the trial, piglets in the LPS and LPS+AKG groups were challenged with LPS (80 μg/kg body weight), whereas piglets in the control group received the same volume of sterile saline. Pigs were euthanised 24 h after the last administration of LPS or saline to obtain intestinal mucosae for biochemical analysis. Compared with the control group, LPS administration decreased (P < 0·05) the oxidation of AKG, oleic acid, glutamine and glucose in enterocytes, decreased concentrations of ATP in the duodenal and jejunal mucosae and decreased adenylate energy charge (AMP:ATP ratio) in the jejunal and ileal mucosae. Additionally, LPS treatment reduced (P < 0·05) mucosal concentrations of phosphorylated AMPK in the jejunum and ileum as well as acetyl-CoA carboxylase in all segments of the small intestine. The adverse effects of LPS were reversed by AKG. Collectively, these results indicate that dietary supplementation with 1 % AKG beneficially modulates the AMPK signalling pathway to improve energy status in the small intestine of LPS-challenged piglets.
Gluteal muscle activation during common therapeutic exercises.

STUDY DESIGN
Experimental laboratory study.


OBJECTIVES
To quantify and compare electromyographic signal amplitude of the gluteus maximus and gluteus medius muscles during exercises of varying difficulty to determine which exercise most effectively recruits these muscles.


BACKGROUND
Gluteal muscle weakness has been proposed to be associated with lower extremity injury. Exercises to strengthen the gluteal muscles are frequently used in rehabilitation and injury prevention programs without scientific evidence regarding their ability to activate the targeted muscles.


METHODS
Surface electromyography was used to quantify the activity level of the gluteal muscles in 21 healthy, physically active subjects while performing 12 exercises. Repeated-measures analyses of variance were used to compare normalized mean signal amplitude levels, expressed as a percent of a maximum voluntary isometric contraction (MVIC), across exercises.


RESULTS
Significant differences in signal amplitude among exercises were noted for the gluteus medius (F5,90 = 7.9, P<.0001) and gluteus maximus (F5,95 = 8.1, P<.0001). Gluteus medius activity was significantly greater during side-lying hip abduction (mean +/- SD, 81% +/- 42% MVIC) compared to the 2 types of hip clam (40% +/- 38% MVIC, 38% +/- 29% MVIC), lunges (48% +/- 21% MVIC), and hop (48% +/- 25% MVIC) exercises. The single-limb squat and single-limb deadlift activated the gluteus medius (single-limb squat, 64% +/- 25% MVIC; single-limb deadlift, 59% +/- 25% MVIC) and maximus (single-limb squat, 59% +/- 27% MVIC; single-limb deadlift, 59% +/- 28% MVIC) similarly. The gluteus maximus activation during the single-limb squat and single-limb deadlift was significantly greater than during the lateral band walk (27% +/- 16% MVIC), hip clam (34% +/- 27% MVIC), and hop (forward, 35% +/- 22% MVIC; transverse, 35% +/- 16% MVIC) exercises.


CONCLUSION
The best exercise for the gluteus medius was side-lying hip abduction, while the single-limb squat and single-limb deadlift exercises led to the greatest activation of the gluteus maximus. These results provide information to the clinician about relative activation of the gluteal muscles during specific therapeutic exercises that can influence exercise progression and prescription. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther 2009;39(7):532-540, Epub 24 February 2009. doi:10.2519/jospt.2009.2796.
Double-blind randomized phase II study of hyperbaric oxygen in patients with radiation-induced brachial plexopathy.

BACKGROUND
Radiation-induced brachial plexopathy (RIBP) is an untreatable complication of curative radiotherapy for early breast cancer, characterized by chronic neuropathic pain and limb paralysis. Hyperbaric oxygen (HBO2) therapy is known to promote healing of tissue rendered ischaemic by radiotherapy, but is untested in RIBP.


METHODS
Thirty four eligible research volunteers suffering from RIBP were randomized to HBO2 or control group. The HBO2 group breathed 100% oxygen for 100 min in a multiplace hyperbaric chamber on 30 occasions over a period of 6 weeks. The control group accompanied the HBO2 group and breathed a gas mixture equivalent to breathing 100% oxygen at surface pressure. All volunteers and investigators, except the operators of the hyperbaric chamber and the trial statistician, were blind to treatment assignments. The warm sensory threshold, which measures the function of small sensory fibres, was selected as the primary endpoint.


FINDINGS
Pre-treatment neurophysiological tests were grossly abnormal in the affected hand compared to the unaffected hand in both HBO2 and control groups, as expected, but no statistically significant differences were noted in either group at any time up to 12 months post-treatment. However, normalization of the warm sensory threshold in two of the HBO2 group was reliably recorded. Two cases with marked chronic arm lymphoedema reported major and persistent improvements in arm volume for at least 12 months after treatment with HBO2. IINTERPRETATION: There is no reliable evidence to support the hypothesis that HBO2 therapy slows or reverses RIBP in a substantial proportion of affected individuals, although improvements in warm sensory threshold offer some suggestion of therapeutic effect. Improvement in long-standing arm lymphoedema was not anticipated, and justifies further investigation.
Metal oxides for solid-state gas sensors : What determines our choice ?

The analysis of various parameters of metal oxides and the search of criteria, which could be used during material selection for solid-state gas sensor pplications, were the main objectives of this review. For these purposes the correlation between electro-physical (band gap, electroconductivity, ype of conductivity, oxygen diffusion), thermodynamic, surface, electronic, structural properties, catalytic activity and gas-sensing characteristics f metal oxides designed for solid-state sensors was established. It has been discussed the role of metal oxide manufacturability, chemical activity, nd parameter’s stability in sensing material choice as well. 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
Data mining for feature selection in gene expression autism data

The paper presents application of data mining methods for recognizing the most significant genes and gene sequences (treated as features) stored in a dataset of gene expression microarray. The investigations are performed for autism data. Few chosen methods of feature selection have been applied and their results integrated in the final outcome. In this way we find the contents of small set of the most important genes associated with autism. They have been applied in the classification procedure aimed on recognition of autism from reference group members. The results of numerical experiments concerning selection of the most important genes and classification of the cases on the basis of the selected genes will be discussed. The main contribution of the paper is in developing the fusion system of the results of many selection approaches into the final set, most closely associated with autism. We have also proposed special procedure of estimating the number of highest rank genes used in classification procedure. 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Low extraversion and high neuroticism as indices of genetic and environmental risk for social phobia, agoraphobia, and animal phobia.

OBJECTIVE
The authors examined the extent to which two major personality dimensions (extraversion and neuroticism) index the genetic and environmental risk for three phobias (social phobia, agoraphobia, and animal phobia) in twins ascertained from a large, population-based registry.


METHOD
Lifetime phobias and personality traits were assessed through diagnostic interview and self-report questionnaire, respectively, in 7,800 twins from female-female, male-male, and opposite-sex pairs. Sex-limited trivariate Cholesky structural equation models were used to decompose the correlations among extraversion, neuroticism, and each phobia.


RESULTS
In the best-fitting models, genetic correlations were moderate and negative between extraversion and both social phobia and agoraphobia, and that between extraversion and animal phobia was effectively zero. Genetic correlations were high and positive between neuroticism and both social phobia and agoraphobia, and that between neuroticism and animal phobia was moderate. All of the genetic risk factors for social phobia and agoraphobia were shared with those that influence extraversion and neuroticism; in contrast, only a small proportion of the genetic risk factors for animal phobia (16%) was shared with those that influence personality. Shared environmental experiences were not a source of correlations between personality traits and phobias, and unique environmental correlations were relatively modest.


CONCLUSION
Genetic factors that influence individual variation in extraversion and neuroticism appear to account entirely for the genetic liability to social phobia and agoraphobia, but not animal phobia. These findings underline the importance of both introversion (low extraversion) and neuroticism in some psychiatric disorders.
Zigzag machining surface roughness modelling using evolutionary approach

Milling is one of the common machining methods that cannot be abandoned especially for machining of metallic materials. The cutters with appropriate cutting parameters remove material from the workpiece. Surface roughness has the major influence on both obtaining dimensional accuracy and quality of the product. A number of cutter path strategies are employed to obtain the required surface quality. Zigzag machining is one of the mostly appealing cutting processes. Modeling of surface roughness with traditional methods often results in inadequate solutions and can be very costly in terms of the efforts and the time spent. In this research Genetic Programming (GP) has employed to predict a surface roughness model based on the experimental data. The model has produced an accuracy of 86.43%. In order to compare GP performance, Artificial Neural Network (ANN) and Adaptive Neuro Fuzzy Inference System (ANFIS) techniques were utilized. It was seen that the surface roughness model produced by GP not only outperforms but also enables to produce more explicit models than of the other techniques. The effective parameters can easily be investigated based on the appearances in the model and they can be used in prediction of surface roughness in zigzag machining process.
Meningococcal purpura fulminans in children: I. Initial orthopedic management.

BACKGROUND
Purpura fulminans is a rare and extremely severe infection, mostly due to Neisseria meningitidis frequently causing early orthopedic lesions. Few studies have reported on the initial surgical management of acute purpura fulminans. The aim of this study is to look at the predictive factors in orthopedic outcome in light of the initial surgical management in children surviving initial resuscitation.


METHODS
Nineteen patients referred to our institution between 1987 and 2005 were taken care of at the very beginning of the purpura fulminans. All cases were retrospectively reviewed so as to collect information on the total skin necrosis, vascular insufficiency, gangrene, and total duration of vasopressive treatment.


RESULTS
All patients had multiorgan failure; only one never developed any skin necrosis or ischemia. Eighteen patients lost tissue, leading to 22 skin grafts, including two total skin grafts. There was only one graft failure. Thirteen patients were concerned by an amputation, representing, in total, 54 fingers, 36 toes, two transmetatarsal, and ten transtibial below-knee amputations, with a mean delay of 4 weeks after onset of the disease. Necrosis seems to affect mainly the lower limbs, but there is no predictive factor that impacted on the orthopedic outcome. We did not perform any fasciotomy or compartment pressure measurement to avoid non-perfusion worsening; nonetheless, our outcome in this series is comparable to existing series in the literature. V.A.C.(®) therapy could be promising regarding the management of skin necrosis in this particular context. While suffering from general multiorgan failure, great care should be observed not to miss any additional osseous or articular infection, as some patients also develop local osteitis and osteomyelitis that are often not diagnosed.


CONCLUSIONS
We do not advocate very early surgery during the acute phase of purpura fulminans, as it does not change the orthopedic outcome in these children. By performing amputations and skin coverage some time after the acute phase, we obtained similar results to those found in the literature.
Gastrectomy as a secondary surgery for stage IV gastric cancer patients who underwent S-1-based chemotherapy: a multi-institute retrospective study

Current advances in chemotherapy provide opportunities for stage IV gastric cancer patients with distant metastasis to undergo potentially curable resection. There are, however, few data on gastrectomy as a secondary surgery aimed at rendering such patients cancer-free. We investigated stage IV gastric cancer patients who underwent surgery with curative intent after S-1-based chemotherapy between 2000 and 2008. Twenty-eight patients from 12 hospitals were enrolled in this study. Factors indicating that the tumors were incurable included clinical stage T4 in 9 patients, para-aortic node metastasis in 15, peritoneal metastasis in 7, and liver metastasis in 4. Of the 28 laparotomy patients, 26 underwent complete resection with no residual tumor, obtaining a complete resection rate of 92.9%. There were no in-hospital deaths or reoperations. In four patients, the primary tumor showed pathological complete response. The 1-, 3-, and 5-year overall survival rates after secondary gastrectomy were 82.1, 45.9, and 34.4%, respectively, with a median survival time of 29 months. Univariate analysis revealed histological tumor length, clinical depth of tumor invasion, number of metastatic nodes, pathological depth of tumor invasion, and pathological response to be the factors influencing patient survival after secondary surgery. On multivariate analysis, histological tumor length (5.0 cm or larger) was the only significant prognostic factor (relative risk 3.23, P = 0.028). Secondary gastrectomy following S-1-based chemotherapy was a safe and effective treatment for stage IV gastric cancer. Primary tumor size is an indicator for the appropriate selection of patients for this treatment.
The (co-)occurrence of problematic video gaming, substance use, and psychosocial problems in adolescents

AIMS
The current study explored the nature of problematic (addictive) video gaming (PVG) and the association with game type, psychosocial health, and substance use.


METHODS
Data were collected using a paper and pencil survey in the classroom setting. Three samples were aggregated to achieve a total sample of 8478 unique adolescents. Scales included measures of game use, game type, the Video game Addiction Test (VAT), depressive mood, negative self-esteem, loneliness, social anxiety, education performance, and use of cannabis, alcohol and nicotine (smoking).


RESULTS
Findings confirmed problematic gaming is most common amongst adolescent gamers who play multiplayer online games. Boys (60%) were more likely to play online games than girls (14%) and problematic gamers were more likely to be boys (5%) than girls (1%). High problematic gamers showed higher scores on depressive mood, loneliness, social anxiety, negative self-esteem, and self-reported lower school performance. Nicotine, alcohol, and cannabis using boys were almost twice more likely to report high PVG than non-users.


CONCLUSIONS
It appears that online gaming in general is not necessarily associated with problems. However, problematic gamers do seem to play online games more often, and a small subgroup of gamers - specifically boys - showed lower psychosocial functioning and lower grades. Moreover, associations with alcohol, nicotine, and cannabis use are found. It would appear that problematic gaming is an undesirable problem for a small subgroup of gamers. The findings encourage further exploration of the role of psychoactive substance use in problematic gaming.
Design and Control of Mobile Manipulation System for Human Symbiotic Humanoid: Hadaly-2

The objective of this study is to investigate design and control strategies for realizing human-robot symbiosis, and to develop a human symbiotic humanoid robot, Hadaly-2, which can communicate and collaborate with human. In this paper, mechanism design methodologies, specifications, and control strategies of a mobile manipulation system of the Hadaly-2 will be described. First, mechanism design concepts of the manipulation system for the human symbiotic robot are proposed. Next, two force controlled anthropomorphic manipulators (WAMIOR, and L) and a body-vehicle mechanism are developed in consideration of the design concepts. Then, the communication and collaboration abilities of Hadaly-2 are evaluated by means of several behaviors, such as gesture motion, shaking hands with human, and block carrying tasks. From the results of evaluation experiments, it is confirmed that the Hadaly-2 can realize efficient interaction and collaboration with human.