LLukas22/scidocs huggingface dataset:
Measuring diabetes self-care: a psychometric analysis of the Self-Care Inventory-Revised with adults.

OBJECTIVE
To examine psychometric properties of the Self-Care Inventory-revised (SCI-R), a self-report measure of perceived adherence to diabetes self-care recommendations, among adults with diabetes.


RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS
We used three data sets of adult type 1 and type 2 diabetic patients to examine psychometric properties of the SCI-R. Principal component and factor analyses examined whether a general factor or common factors were present. Associations with measures of theoretically related concepts were examined to assess SCI-R concurrent and convergent validity. Internal reliability coefficients were calculated. Responsiveness was assessed using paired t tests, effect size, and Guyatt's statistic for type 1 patients who completed psychoeducation.


RESULTS
Principal component and factor analyses identified a general factor but no consistent common factors. Internal consistency of the SCI-R was alpha = 0.87. Correlation with a measure of frequency of diabetes self-care behaviors was r = 0.63, providing evidence for SCI-R concurrent validity. The SCI-R correlated with diabetes-related distress (r = -0.36), self-esteem (r = 0.25), self-efficacy (r = 0.47), depression (r = -0.22), anxiety (r = -0.24), and HbA(1c) (r = -0.37), supporting construct validity. Responsiveness analyses showed SCI-R scores improved with diabetes psychoeducation with a medium effect size of 0.62 and a Guyatt's statistic of 0.85.


CONCLUSIONS
The SCI-R is a brief, psychometrically sound measure of perceptions of adherence to recommended diabetes self-care behaviors of adults with type 1 or type 2 diabetes.
Representation of Subjective Value in the Striatum

This chapter was originally published in the book Neuroeconomics: Decision Making and the Brain, published by Elsevier, and the attached copy is provided by Elsevier for the author's benefit and for the benefit of the author’s institution, for non-commercial research and educational use including without limitation use in instruction at your institution, sending it to specific colleagues who you know, and providing a copy to your institution’s administrator.
The molecular and structural basis of advanced antiviral therapy for hepatitis C virus infection

The availability of the first molecular clone of the hepatitis C virus (HCV) genome allowed the identification and biochemical characterization of two viral enzymes that are targets for antiviral therapy: the protease NS3-4A and the RNA-dependent RNA polymerase NS5B. With the advent of cell culture systems that can recapitulate either the intracellular steps of the viral replication cycle or the complete cycle, additional drug targets have been identified, most notably the phosphoprotein NS5A, but also host cell factors that promote viral replication, such as cyclophilin A. Here, we review insights into the structures of these proteins and the mechanisms by which they contribute to the HCV replication cycle, and discuss how these insights have facilitated the development of new, directly acting antiviral compounds that have started to enter the clinic.
A Tunable Three-Pole 1.5–2.2-GHz Bandpass Filter With Bandwidth and Transmission Zero Control

This paper presents a three-pole tunable combline bandpass filter with center frequency, bandwidth, and zero control. The filter is designed on a Duroid substrate with εr=10.2 and h=25 mil . A frequency range of 1.5-2.2 GHz with a 1-dB bandwidth tuning from 50 to 170 MHz (2.2%-11.2% fractional bandwidth) is achieved. The transmission zero can also be controlled, and a zero location of 1.37-1.64 GHz is demonstrated at center frequency fo of 2.05 GHz. The measured third-order intermodulation intercept point and 1-dB power compression point at midband (1.85 GHz) and a bandwidth of 110 MHz are >;15 and 8 dBm, respectively. To our knowledge, this is the first three-pole combline tunable bandpass filter with center frequency, bandwidth, and transmission zero control.
UWB Channel Measurements for Hand-Portable Devices: A Comparative Study

On-body UWB signal propagation is analyzed using two different types of UWB antennas. For the study, measurements of the frequency response by means of a VNA (vector network analyzer) are performed at 2001 discrete frequency points in the 3 to 6 GHz range. Separated measures are taken for four different transmitter positions on the head and six receiver positions on the body. Channel estimation parameters, such as mean excess delay, delay spread and path loss are obtained. Results are similar for both types of antennas regarding path loss exponent and average power delay profiles.
The effect of atypical antipsychotic medications in individuals with anorexia nervosa: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

OBJECTIVE
Given that atypical antipsychotic medications have been increasingly prescribed for improving weight gain in anorexia nervosa (AN), we conducted a systematic review and meta-analyses to estimate the influence of atypical antipsychotics on BMI, eating disorder, and psychiatric symptoms in individuals with AN.


METHOD
Independent reviewers selected studies and extracted study characteristics, methodologic quality, and outcomes for the intention-to-treat group from randomized clinical trials comparing the effect of atypical antipsychotic use to placebo or an active control treatment on BMI.


RESULTS
Compared with placebo, atypical antipsychotics were associated with a nonsignificant increase in BMI (weighted mean difference, WMD = 0.18, 95% CI: -0.36, 0.72; I(2) = 26%) and a nonsignificant effect on the drive for thinness and body dissatisfaction. Compared with placebo or active control, these medications led to an increase in anxiety and overall eating disorder symptoms. However, there was a significant reduction over placebo or active control on level of depression.
Decreased risk of secondary brain herniation with intracranial pressure monitoring in patients with haemorrhagic stroke

BACKGROUND
Intracranial-pressure (ICP) monitoring is considered standard care for severe traumatic brain injury and is used frequently, but the efficacy of treatment based on monitoring in patients with hemorrhagic stroke has not been rigorously assessed. In this study, we investigated the clinical value of ICP monitoring in patients with hemorrhagic stroke.


METHODS
We conducted a randomized, unblinded, controlled trial in which 90 patients with hemorrhagic stroke were randomly assigned to ICP monitoring or a control group. The primary outcome was a composite of incidence rate of hematoma enlargement and secondary brain herniation. The secondary outcome was neurological status assessed using the Glasgow Outcome Scale scores at 6 months post-onset. Characteristics of the patients at baseline and outcome measurements were also compared between the two groups.


RESULTS
There was no significant between-group difference in the incidence of hematoma enlargement (control group, 38.6% vs. ICP monitoring group, 32.6%; P > 0.05). The incidence rate of secondary brain herniation in the ICP monitoring group was significantly lower compared with the control group (10.9% vs. 20.5%, P = 0.04). Six-month mortality was 6.5% in the ICP group and 9.1% in the control group (P < 0.05), and neurological outcome was better in the ICP group compared with the control group (P < 0.05).


CONCLUSION
The dynamic ICP value may be more sensitive and effective in preventing secondary brain herniation in patients with hemorrhagic stroke compared with guidance directed by clinical signs and radiological indicators.
A Comprehensive Survey on Security in Cloud Computing

According to a Forbes’ report published in 2015, cloud-based security spending is expected to increase by 42%. According to another research, the IT security expenditure had increased to 79.1% by 2015, showing an increase of more than 10% each year. International Data Corporation (IDC) in 2011 showed that 74.6% of enterprise customers ranked security as a major challenge. This paper summarizes a number of peer-reviewed articles on security threats in cloud computing and the preventive methods. The objective of our research is to understand the cloud components, security issues, and risks, along with emerging solutions that may potentially mitigate the vulnerabilities in the cloud. It is a commonly accepted fact that since 2008, cloud is a viable hosting platform; however, the perception with respect to security in the cloud is that it needs significant improvements to realise higher rates of adaption in the enterprise scale. As identified by another research, many of the issues confronting the cloud computing need to be resolved urgently. The industry has made significant advances in combatting threats to cloud computing, but there is more to be done to achieve a level of maturity that currently exists with traditional/on-premise hosting. © 2017 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. Peer-review under responsibility of the Conference Program Chairs.
The vulvar dermatoses.

INTRODUCTION
Dermatologic diseases of the vulva may cause dyspareunia. These disorders may be overlooked by gynecologists and urologists because of lack of residency training experience. Dermatologists who are most familiar with these diseases are infrequently trained in vulvovaginal examination. As such, these disorders are often improperly diagnosed and treated.


AIM
To describe the presentation and management of the major vulvar dermatoses including irritant and allergic contact dermatitis, lichen sclerosus, lichen simplex chronicus, and lichen planus.


MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE
Data from a peer review literature search on the topic of vulvar dermatoses.


METHODS
The literature for this review article was obtained through a Medline search. Appropriate dermatology textbooks were utilized for additional information.


RESULTS
A comprehensive survey of the vulvar dermatoses.


CONCLUSION
Vulvar dermatoses must be considered a part of the differential diagnosis of any woman with a sexual pain disorder. As such, healthcare providers who evaluate and treat women with dyspareunia must become familiar with the most common dermatologic disorders of the vulva.
Memantine prevents hypoglycemia-induced decrements of the cerebral energy status in healthy subjects.

CONTEXT
The risk to develop dementia is significantly increased in diabetes mellitus. Memantine, an N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor antagonist, which is clinically applied in dementia, has been shown to exert neuroprotective effects under hypoglycemic conditions in rats.


OBJECTIVE
We hypothesized that memantine may prevent hypoglycemia-induced decrements in the cerebral high-energy phosphate, i.e. ATP, metabolism to exert its neuroprotective action under these conditions.


DESIGN AND PARTICIPANTS
In a randomized, double-blind crossover design, we applied memantine vs. placebo in 16 healthy male subjects and examined the cerebral high-energy phosphate metabolism by (31)phosphor magnetic resonance spectroscopy, hormonal counterregulation, and neurocognitive performance during hypoglycemic glucose clamp conditions.


RESULTS
We found increments in hormonal counterregulation and reduced neurocognitive performance during hypoglycemia (P < 0.05). Cerebral ATP levels increased upon hypoglycemia in the memantine condition as compared with placebo (P = 0.006) and remained higher after renormalizing blood glucose concentrations (P = 0.018), which was confirmed by ATP to inorganic phosphate ratio (P = 0.046). Phosphocreatine levels and phosphocreatine to inorganic phosphate ratio remained stable throughout the experiments and did not differ between conditions (P > 0.1 for both).


CONCLUSION
Our data demonstrate that memantine preserves the cerebral energy status during experimentally induced hypoglycemia in healthy subjects. An improved neuronal energy status may thus be involved in the neuroprotective effect under these conditions and may qualify memantine as potential future option to combat cognitive impairments and dementia in diabetes.
Association of Physical Activity Measured by Accelerometer, Knee Joint Abnormalities, and Cartilage T2 Measurements Obtained From 3T Magnetic Resonance Imaging: Data From the Osteoarthritis Initiative.

OBJECTIVE
To study the cross-sectional association between physical activity measured with an accelerometer, structural knee abnormalities, and cartilage T2 values assessed with 3T magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).


METHODS
We included 274 subjects from the Osteoarthritis Initiative cohort without definite radiographic osteoarthritis (Kellgren/Lawrence grades 0 and 1) and with at most mild pain, stiffness, and functional limitation in the study knee (Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index scale 0-1), which had not limited their activity due to knee pain. Physical activity was measured over 7 days with an ActiGraph GT1M accelerometer. Subjects were categorized by quartile of physical activity based on the average daily minutes of moderate to vigorous physical activity (mv-PA). MRI images of the right knee (at 48-month visit) were assessed for structural abnormalities using a modified Whole-Organ Magnetic Resonance Imaging Score (WORMS) and for T2 relaxation times derived from segmented cartilage of 4 femorotibial regions and the patella. WORMS grades and T2 measurements were compared between activity quartiles using a linear regression model. Covariates included age, sex, body mass index, knee injury, family history of knee replacement, knee symptoms, hip and ankle pain, and daily wear time of the accelerometer.


RESULTS
Higher mv-PA was associated with increased severity (P = 0.0087) and number of lesions of the medial meniscus (P = 0.0089) and with severity of bone marrow edema lesions (P = 0.0053). No association between cartilage lesions and mv-PA was found. T2 values of cartilage (loss, damage, and abnormalities) tended to be greater in the higher quartiles of mv-PA, but the differences were nonsignificant.


CONCLUSION
In knees without radiographic osteoarthritis in subjects with no or mild knee pain, higher physical activity levels were associated with increases in meniscal and bone marrow edema pattern lesions.
On a methodology for discrete-continuous scheduling

Discrete±continuous problems of scheduling nonpreemptable jobs on parallel machines are considered. The problems arise e.g. when jobs are assigned to multiple parallel processors driven by a common electric, hydraulic or pneumatic power source. Existing models have assumed job processing rates as a function of the number of jobs currently being processed, or equivalently the number of machines currently in operation. In this paper a more general model is proposed in which processing rates of a job assigned to a machine depend on the amount of a continuous, i.e. continuously divisible resource (e.g. power) allotted to this job at a time. Thus the problem consists of two interrelated subproblems: (i) to sequence jobs on machines, and (ii) to allocate the continuous resource among jobs already sequenced. We provide a comprehensive analysis of the problem. This includes properties of optimal schedules, eciently (in particular analytically) solvable cases, formulations of the possibly simplest mathematical programming problems for ®nding optimal schedules in the general case, heuristics and the worst-case analysis. Although our objective function in this paper is to minimize makespan of a set of independent jobs, the presented methodology can be applied to other criteria, precedence-related jobs, and many resource types (apart from, or instead of machines). Ó 1998 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.
Privacy Preserving Randomized Gossip Algorithms

In this work we present three different randomized gossip algorithms for solving the average consensus problem while at the same time protecting the information about the initial private values stored at the nodes. We give iteration complexity bounds for all methods, and perform extensive numerical experiments.
Gradient based image completion by solving the Poisson equation

This paper presents a novel gradient-based image completion algorithm for removing significant objects from natural images or photographs. Our method reconstructs the region of removal in two phases. Firstly, the gradient maps in the removed area are completed through a patch-based filling algorithm. After that, the image is reconstructed from the gradient maps by solving a Poisson equation. A new patch-matching criterion is developed in our approach to govern the completion of gradient maps. Both the gradient and the color information are incorporated in this new criterion, so a better image completion result is obtained. Several examples and comparisons are given at the end of the paper to demonstrate the performance of our gradient-based image completion approach. r 2006 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Value of Computed Tomography of the Chest in Subjects With ARDS: A Retrospective Observational Study.

BACKGROUND
The value of computed tomography (CT) of the chest in the management of patients with ARDS is poorly defined. The aim of this study was to assess the clinical utility of thoracic CT scans in subjects with ARDS using the Berlin definition.


METHODS
This was a retrospective, observational study in a university hospital ARDS center on all subjects with ARDS in whom a CT scan of the chest was performed immediately before or during an ICU stay between January 1, 2007 and June 30, 2013.


RESULTS
During the study period, a total of 1,781 thoracic CT scans were performed, of which 204 cases met inclusion criteria. The most common pathologic findings of the lung parenchyma were consolidations (94.1% of cases) and ground glass opacities (85.3%). Furthermore, CT scans showed pleural effusions (80.4%), mediastinal lymphadenopathy (66.7%), signs of right ventricular strain and pulmonary hypertension (53.9%), pericardial effusion (37.3%), emphysema of the chest wall (12.3%), pneumothorax (11.8%), emphysema of the mediastinum (7.4%), and pulmonary embolism (2.5%). Results of CT scans led to changes in management in 26.5% of cases. Mortality was significantly increased in subjects with involvement of lung parenchyma of >80% (P = .004). Intrahospital transport was associated with critical incidents in 8.3% of cases.


CONCLUSIONS
Systematic evaluation of thoracic CT scans yielded information useful for making a diagnosis, predicting prognosis, and recognizing concomitant disorders requiring therapeutic interventions. Results obtained from CT scans led to changes in management in 26.5% of cases.
Philadelphia chromosome-positive cells are equally distributed in AC133+ and AC133− fractions of CD34+ peripheral blood progenitor cells from patients with CML

1466 negative for CD14 (DAKO, Glostrup, Denmark), which is a marker of macrophages, indicating that dendritic cells were contained in the stromal cell layer. For first PCR reaction 100 ng of genomic DNA was utilized. A primer pair was designed from KSHV genomic DNA sequences (GenBank accession number; U18551) as follows: forward; 59-TGTATTAGCTAACCCTTCTAGCG-39, reverse; 59-TCCGTG TTGTCTACGTCCAG-39. Using this primer pair, a 620 bp DNA fragment that contained the KS330233 sequence was amplified. We further carried out nested PCR using two sets of primers (Figure 1, upper panel). Primers for nested PCR are as follows: S1; 59CAGACTCTTCGCTGATGAAC-39, S2; 59-TCATGGCACTCGACAAGAGT-39, A1; 59-AGATGTGGTACACCAACAGC-39, A2; 59-CCCATAAATGACACATTGGTGG-39. This system allowed us to detect KSHV genome from at least 1 pg of genomic DNA from BCBL-1, a Kaposi’s sarcoma-derived cell line which is known to be infected by KSHV (kindly supplied by Drs Michael McGrath and Don Ganem through the AIDS Research and Reference Reagent Program, Division of AIDS, NIADA, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA). A b-globin genomic sequence was amplified as an internal control using a primer pair purchased from TaKaRa Biomedicals (Tokyo, Japan). Results are shown in the lower panel of Figure 1. In all samples, including all stromal cell samples, no KSHV sequence was detected by nested-PCR, although a clear band was detected in the positive control. The present results indicated no correlation between the occurrence of MM and KSHV infection and did not corroborate the report by Rettig et al. Rettig et al6 claimed that heparin contamination in the sample may decrease the sensitivity of PCR. However, since we utilized frozen cells or long-term cultured stromal cells as sources of DNA, heparin contamination should be negligible. Rettig et al1 also reported that KSHV was found only in stromal cells but not in myeloma cells. However, if stromal cells were infected with KSHV, nested-PCR analysis should be sensitive enough to detect the KSHV genome. Moreover, there was no KSHV DNA detected in purified stromal cells when four cases were examined. Our results suggest that KSHV does not play a significant role in the pathogenesis of MM in the Japanese population.
Energy Efficient Clustering Algorithms for Wireless Sensor Networks

Energy efficiency is a major concern in wireless sensor networks (WSNs). Many clustering algorithms have been proposed for such a purpose. This paper investigates the existing clustering algorithms. The algorithms have been classified and some representatives are described in each category. After analyzing the strengths and the weaknesses of each category, an important characteristic of WSNs is pointed out for further improvement of energy efficiency for WSNs.
Touch-Less Palm Print Biometric System

In this research, we propose an innovative touch-less palm print recognition system. This project is motivated by the public’s demand for non-invasive and hygienic biometric technology. For various reasons, users are concerned about touching the biometric scanners. Therefore, we propose to use a low-resolution web camera to capture the user’s hand at a distance for recognition. The users do not need to touch any device for their palm print to be extracted for analysis. A novel hand tracking and palm print region of interest (ROI) extraction technique are used to track and capture the user’s palm in real time video streams. The discriminative palm print features are extracted based on a new way that applies local binary pattern (LBP) texture descriptor on the palm print directional gradient responses. Experiments show promising result by using the proposed method. Performance can be further improved when a modified probabilistic neural network (PNN) is used for feature matching.
Mechanisms of health behavior change in persons with chronic illness or disability: the Health Action Process Approach (HAPA).

OBJECTIVE
The present article presents an overview of theoretical constructs and mechanisms of health behavior change that have been found useful in research on people with chronic illness and disability. A self-regulation framework (Health Action Process Approach) serves as a backdrop, making a distinction between goal setting and goal pursuit. Risk perception, outcome expectancies, and task self-efficacy are seen as predisposing factors in the goal-setting (motivational) phase, whereas planning, action control, and maintenance/recovery self-efficacy are regarded as being influential in the subsequent goal-pursuit (volitional) phase. The first phase leads to forming an intention, and the second to actual behavior change. Such a mediator model serves to explain social-cognitive processes in health behavior change. By adding a second layer, a moderator model is provided in which three stages are distinguished to segment the audience for tailored interventions. Identifying persons as preintenders, intenders, or actors offers an opportunity to match theory-based treatments to specific target groups. Numerous research and assessment examples, especially within the physical activity domain, serve to illustrate the application of the model to rehabilitation settings and health promotion for people with chronic illness or disability.


CONCLUSIONS/IMPLICATIONS
The theoretical developments and research evidence for the self-regulation framework explain the cognitive mechanisms of behavior change and adherence to treatment in the rehabilitation setting.