LLukas22/scidocs huggingface dataset:
Improving retrieval performance by relevance feedback

Relevance feedback is an automatic process, introduced over 20 years ago, designed to produce improved query formulations following an initial retrieval operation. The principal relevance feedback methods described over the years are examined briefly, and evaluation data are included to demonstrate the effectiveness of the various methods. Prescriptions are given for conducting text retrieval operations iteratively using relevance feedback.
Impact of different values of prosthesis-patient mismatch on outcome in male patients with aortic valve replacement.

AIMS
Mortality and left ventricular mass (LVM) recovery/regression after aortic valve replacement in patients with prosthesis-patient mismatch (PPM) is controversial. This study evaluated the impact of different values of indexed effective orifice area (EOAi) in male patients on mortality and indexed LVM (ILVM) recovery/regression.


METHOD
The study recruited 376 male patients with and without PPM after aortic valve replacement with different EOAi cut-off values.


RESULTS
At EOAi 0.85 cm/m or less, 295 patients had PPM (78.5%). ILVM recovery occurred in 60.5% of no-PPM patients versus 46.1% of patients with PPM (P = 0.003), and ILVM regression was 35 versus 25% (P < 0.001). Time for ILVM regression was shorter in no-PPM group. At EOAi 0.75 cm/m or less, 201 patients had PPM (53.4%). ILVM recovery occurred in 55.4% of no-PPM patients versus 45.2% of patients with PPM (P = 0.06), regression was 32 versus 29% (P = 0.09). Time for ILVM regression was similar between groups. Regardless the cut-off value for PPM definition, mortality was similar.


CONCLUSION
LVM recovery/regression, but not mortality, was different at different EOAi. The cut-off value at EOAi 0.75 cm/m or less guaranteed a more balanced patient distribution between groups and the best compromise between specificity and sensitivity.
Cardiac three-dimensional magnetic resonance imaging and fluoroscopy merging: a new approach for electroanatomic mapping to assist catheter ablation.

BACKGROUND
Modern nonfluoroscopic mapping systems construct 3D electroanatomic maps by tracking intracardiac catheters. They require specialized catheters and/or dedicated hardware. We developed a new method for electroanatomic mapping by merging detailed 3D models of the endocardial cavities with fluoroscopic images without the need for specialized hardware. This developmental work focused on the right atrium because of the difficulties in visualizing its anatomic landmarks in 3D with current approaches.


METHODS AND RESULTS
Cardiac MRI images were acquired in 39 patients referred for radiofrequency catheter ablation using balanced steady state free-precession sequences. We optimized acquisition and developed software for construction of detailed 3D models, after contouring of endocardial cavities with cross-checking of different imaging planes. 3D models were then merged with biplane fluoroscopic images by methods for image calibration and registration implemented in a custom software application. The feasibility and accuracy of this merging process were determined in heart-cast experiments and electroanatomic mapping in patients. Right atrial dimensions and relevant anatomic landmarks could be identified and measured in all 3D models. Cephalocaudal, posteroanterior, and lateroseptal diameters were, respectively, 65+/-11, 54+/-11, and 57+/-9 mm; posterior isthmus length was 26+/-6 mm; Eustachian valve height was 5+/-5 mm; and coronary sinus ostium height and width were 16+/-3 and 12+/-3 mm, respectively (n=39). The average alignment error was 0.2+/-0.3 mm in heart casts (n=40) and 1.9 to 2.5 mm in patient experiments (n=9), ie, acceptable for clinical use. In 11 patients, reliable catheter positioning and projection of activation times resulted in 3D electroanatomic maps with an unprecedented level of anatomic detail, which assisted ablation.


CONCLUSIONS
This new approach allows activation visualization in a highly detailed 3D anatomic environment without the need for a specialized nonfluoroscopic mapping system.
Four-port bimanual 23-gauge vitrectomy for diabetic tractional retinal detachment.

PURPOSE
Four-port bimanual vitrectomy is a surgical technique that facilitates removal of epiretinal membranes in severe proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR). As the illumination is held by the assistant through the fourth scleral incision, fibrovascular membranes are removed by bimanual manipulation techniques. The objective of this study was to evaluate the safety and efficacy of four-port bimanual 23-gauge vitrectomy for patients with tractional retinal detachment (TRD) in severe PDR.


DESIGN
Retrospective, comparative, consecutive, interventional case series.


METHODS
Sixty-six eyes of 58 consecutive patients who underwent primary vitrectomy for severe diabetic TRD. Thirty-six eyes of 31 cases that were treated with four-port 23-gauge vitrectomy were compared with 30 eyes of 27 cases that were treated with 23-gauge pars plana vitrectomy (PPV). Main outcome measures were best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA), retinal status, intraocular pressure, and incidence of intraoperative and postoperative complications with at least 6 months of follow-up.


RESULTS
The primary and ultimate anatomic success rates (94.4% versus 93.3%, and 100% in both groups, respectively) and the mean BCVA changes did not differ significantly between groups. The whole surgical time and the membrane removal time were significantly (p < 0.001, respectively) shorter in the four-port 23-gauge group than in the 23-gauge group. There was no difference in the incidence of intraoperative and postoperative complications in both groups.


CONCLUSIONS
Four-port bimanual 23-gauge vitrectomy offers comparable anatomic success and shortens the surgical time compared with conventional 23-gauge PPV in patients with TRD resulting from severe PDR.
Cyclosporine and mycophenolate mofetil prophylaxis with fludarabine and melphalan conditioning for unrelated donor transplantation: a prospective study of 22 patients with hematologic malignancies

Summary:In an attempt to decrease toxicity in high-risk patients undergoing unrelated donor hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (URD HSCT), we tested a combination of cyclosporine (CSP) and mycophenolate mofetil (MMF) as graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) prophylaxis with the reduced-intensity conditioning regimen fludarabine/melphalan (Flu/Mel). A total of 22 adult patients with advanced myeloid (n=15) and lymphoid (n=7) malignancies were treated. All patients received Flu 25 mg/m2 for 5 days and Mel 140 mg/m2, with CSP 3 mg/kg daily and MMF 15 mg/kg three times a day. The median age was 49 years (range 18–66). Durable engraftment was seen in all but one patient with myelofibrosis. The 1-year nonrelapse mortality was 32%, 27% from GVHD. The cumulative incidence of acute GVHD grade 2–4 and 3–4 was 63 and 41%, respectively. With a median follow-up of 18 months, the disease-free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS) are 55 and 59%, respectively. For patients with AML and MDS (n=14), the DFS and OS is 71%. For patients undergoing a second transplant (n=14), the DFS and OS is 57%. In conclusion, this regimen is associated with acceptable toxicity but high rates of GVHD in high-risk patients undergoing URD HSCT. Encouraging disease control for patients with advanced myeloid malignancies was observed.
Impact of acute kidney injury on mortality and medical costs in patients with meticillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus bacteraemia: a retrospective, multicentre observational study.

BACKGROUND
Despite the frequent occurrence of acute kidney injury (AKI) associated with meticillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) infection during treatment, the adverse impact of renal injury on clinical and economic outcomes has not been evaluated.


AIM
To study the clinical and economic burdens of MRSA bacteraemia and the impact of AKI occurring during treatment on outcomes.


METHODS
Medical records of patients hospitalized for MRSA bacteraemia between March 2010 and February 2011 in eight hospitals in Korea were reviewed retrospectively to evaluate the risk factors for AKI and mortality. Direct medical costs per patient of MRSA bacteraemia during treatment were estimated from the medical resources consumed.


FINDINGS
In all, 335 patients were identified to have MRSA bacteraemia. AKI occurred in 135 patients (40.3%) during first-line antibiotic therapy. Independent risk factors for AKI were male sex, underlying renal disease, intra-abdominal and central venous catheter infection, and increase in Pitt bacteraemia score. Seventy-seven (23.0%) patients died during the study period. Underlying solid tumour, high Pitt bacteraemia score, and occurrence of AKI were independent risk factors for mortality. The mean total medical cost per MRSA patient was estimated as South Korean Won 5,435,361 (US$4,906), and occurrence of AKI and ICU admission were identified as independent predictors of increased direct medical costs. Compared with patients who retained their baseline renal function, patients with AKI had a 45% increase in medical costs.


CONCLUSIONS
Patients who developed AKI showed significantly higher mortality rate and greater direct medical costs compared with patients who retained baseline renal function.
Loss of HSulf-1 promotes altered lipid metabolism in ovarian cancer

BACKGROUND
Loss of the endosulfatase HSulf-1 is common in ovarian cancer, upregulates heparin binding growth factor signaling and potentiates tumorigenesis and angiogenesis. However, metabolic differences between isogenic cells with and without HSulf-1 have not been characterized upon HSulf-1 suppression in vitro. Since growth factor signaling is closely tied to metabolic alterations, we determined the extent to which HSulf-1 loss affects cancer cell metabolism.


RESULTS
Ingenuity pathway analysis of gene expression in HSulf-1 shRNA-silenced cells (Sh1 and Sh2 cells) compared to non-targeted control shRNA cells (NTC cells) and subsequent Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomics (KEGG) database analysis showed altered metabolic pathways with changes in the lipid metabolism as one of the major pathways altered inSh1 and 2 cells. Untargeted global metabolomic profiling in these isogenic cell lines identified approximately 338 metabolites using GC/MS and LC/MS/MS platforms. Knockdown of HSulf-1 in OV202 cells induced significant changes in 156 metabolites associated with several metabolic pathways including amino acid, lipids, and nucleotides. Loss of HSulf-1 promoted overall fatty acid synthesis leading to enhance the metabolite levels of long chain, branched, and essential fatty acids along with sphingolipids. Furthermore, HSulf-1 loss induced the expression of lipogenic genes including FASN, SREBF1, PPARγ, and PLA2G3 stimulated lipid droplet accumulation. Conversely, re-expression of HSulf-1 in Sh1 cells reduced the lipid droplet formation. Additionally, HSulf-1 also enhanced CPT1A and fatty acid oxidation and augmented the protein expression of key lipolytic enzymes such as MAGL, DAGLA, HSL, and ASCL1. Overall, these findings suggest that loss of HSulf-1 by concomitantly enhancing fatty acid synthesis and oxidation confers a lipogenic phenotype leading to the metabolic alterations associated with the progression of ovarian cancer.


CONCLUSIONS
Taken together, these findings demonstrate that loss of HSulf-1 potentially contributes to the metabolic alterations associated with the progression of ovarian pathogenesis, specifically impacting the lipogenic phenotype of ovarian cancer cells that can be therapeutically targeted.
Entrepreneurship and the Business Cycle

We find new empirical regularities in the business cycle in a cross-country panel of 22 OECD countries for the period 1972 to 2007; entrepreneurship Granger-causes the cycles of the world economy. Furthermore, the entrepreneurial cycle is positively affected by the national unemployment cycle. We discuss possible causes and implications of these findings.
Adaptive backstepping control of an induction motor under time-varying load torque and rotor resistance uncertainty

A new global adaptive controller is designed for induction motor speed control based on measurements of speed and stator current. The designed partial state feedback controller is singularity free, and guarantees asymptotic tracking of smooth reference trajectories for the speed of the motor under time varying load torque and rotor resistance uncertainty for any initial condition. The new control algorithm generates estimates for unknown time varying load torque, rotor resistance and unmeasured state variables (rotor fluxes) which asymptotically tracks and converges to their true values. The rotor flux modulus asymptotically tracks a desired reference signal which allows the motor to operate within its specifications. As in the field-oriented control scheme the control algorithm generates references for the magnetizing flux component and for the torque component of the stator current which lead to significant simplifications for current-fed motors. The control strategy yields decoupled rotor speed and rotor flux amplitude tracking control goals which allows the selection of an appropriate flux modulus for the rotor to maximize efficiency
Defining success after surgery for pelvic organ prolapse.

OBJECTIVES
To describe pelvic organ prolapse surgical success rates using a variety of definitions with differing requirements for anatomic, symptomatic, or re-treatment outcomes.


METHODS
Eighteen different surgical success definitions were evaluated in participants who underwent abdominal sacrocolpopexy within the Colpopexy and Urinary Reduction Efforts trial. The participants' assessments of overall improvement and rating of treatment success were compared between surgical success and failure for each of the definitions studied. The Wilcoxon rank sum test was used to identify significant differences in outcomes between success and failure.


RESULTS
Treatment success varied widely depending on definition used (19.2-97.2%). Approximately 71% of the participants considered their surgery "very successful," and 85.2% considered themselves "much better" than before surgery. Definitions of success requiring all anatomic support to be proximal to the hymen had the lowest treatment success (19.2-57.6%). Approximately 94% achieved surgical success when it was defined as the absence of prolapse beyond the hymen. Subjective cure (absence of bulge symptoms) occurred in 92.1% while absence of re-treatment occurred in 97.2% of participants. Subjective cure was associated with significant improvements in the patient's assessment of both treatment success and overall improvement, more so than any other definition considered (P<.001 and <.001, respectively). Similarly, the greatest difference in symptom burden and health-related quality of life as measured by the Pelvic Organ Prolapse Distress Inventory and Pelvic Organ Prolapse Impact Questionnaire scores between treatment successes and failures was noted when success was defined as subjective cure (P<.001).


CONCLUSION
The definition of success substantially affects treatment success rates after pelvic organ prolapse surgery. The absence of vaginal bulge symptoms postoperatively has a significant relationship with a patient's assessment of overall improvement, while anatomic success alone does not.


LEVEL OF EVIDENCE
II.
Substance use disorders in prisoners: an updated systematic review and meta‐regression analysis in recently incarcerated men and women

AIMS
The aims were to (1) estimate the prevalence of alcohol and drug use disorders in prisoners on reception to prison and (2) estimate and test sources of between study heterogeneity.


METHODS
Studies reporting the 12-month prevalence of alcohol and drug use disorders in prisoners on reception to prison from 1 January 1966 to 11 August 2015 were identified from seven bibliographic indexes. Primary studies involving clinical interviews or validated instruments leading to DSM or ICD diagnoses were included; self-report surveys and investigations that assessed individuals more than 3 months after arrival to prison were not. Random-effects meta-analysis and subgroup and meta-regression analyses were conducted. Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines were followed.


RESULTS
In total, 24 studies with a total of 18 388 prisoners across 10 countries were identified. The random-effects pooled prevalence estimate of alcohol use disorder was 24% [95% confidence interval (CI) = 21-27], with very high heterogeneity (I2  = 94%). These ranged from 16 to 51% in male and 10-30% in female prisoners. For drug use disorders, there was evidence of heterogeneity by sex, and the pooled prevalence estimate in male prisoners was 30% (95% CI = 22-38; I2  = 98%; 13 studies; range 10-61%) and, in female prisoners, was 51% (95% CI = 43-58; I2  = 95%; 10 studies; range 30-69%). On meta-regression, sources of heterogeneity included higher prevalence of drug use disorders in women, increasing rates of drug use disorders in recent decades, and participation rate.


CONCLUSIONS
Substance use disorders are highly prevalent in prisoners. Approximately a quarter of newly incarcerated prisoners of both sexes had an alcohol use disorder, and the prevalence of a drug use disorder was at least as high in men, and higher in women.
Artificial and Computational Intelligence in Games: AI-Driven Game Design (Dagstuhl Seminar 17471)

With the dramatic growth of the game industry over the past decade, its rapid inclusion in many sectors of today’s society, and the increased complexity of games, game development has reached a point where it is no longer humanly possible to use only manual techniques to create games. Large parts of games need to be designed, built, and tested automatically. In recent years, researchers have delved into artificial intelligence techniques to support, assist, and even drive game development. Such techniques include procedural content generation, automated narration, player modelling and adaptation, and automated game design. This research is still very young, but already the games industry is taking small steps to integrate some of these techniques in their approach to design. The goal of this seminar was to bring together researchers and industry representatives who work at the forefront of artificial intelligence (AI) and computational intelligence (CI) in games, to (1) explore and extend the possibilities of AI-driven game design, (2) to identify the most viable applications of AI-driven game design in the game industry, and (3) to investigate new approaches to AI-driven game design. To this end, the seminar included a wide range of researchers and developers, including specialists in AI/CI for abstract games, commercial video games, and serious games. Thus, it fostered a better understanding of and unified vision on AI-driven game design, using input from both scientists as well as AI specialists from industry. Seminar November 19–24, 2017 – http://www.dagstuhl.de/17471 1998 ACM Subject Classification I.2.1 Artificial Intelligence Games
Increased Solubility , Dissolution and Physicochemical Studies of Curcumin-Polyvinylpyrrolidone K-30 Solid Dispersions

Solid dispersions (SD) of curcuminpolyvinylpyrrolidone in the ratio of 1:2, 1:4, 1:5, 1:6, and 1:8 were prepared in an attempt to increase the solubility and dissolution. Solubility, dissolution, powder X-ray diffraction (XRD), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) of solid dispersions, physical mixtures (PM) and curcumin were evaluated. Both solubility and dissolution of curcumin solid dispersions were significantly greater than those observed for physical mixtures and intact curcumin. The powder X-ray diffractograms indicated that the amorphous curcumin was obtained from all solid dispersions. It was found that the optimum weight ratio for curcumin:PVP K-30 is 1:6. The 1:6 solid dispersion still in the amorphous from after storage at ambient temperature for 2 years and the dissolution profile did not significantly different from freshly prepared. Keywords—Curcumin, polyvinylpyrrolidone K-30, solid dispersion, dissolution, physicochemical.
International collaborative study on ghost cell odontogenic tumours: calcifying cystic odontogenic tumour, dentinogenic ghost cell tumour and ghost cell odontogenic carcinoma.

BACKGROUND
Calcifying odontogenic cyst was described first by Gorlin et al. in 1962; since then several hundreds of cases had been reported. In 1981, Praetorius et al. proposed a widely used classification. Afterwards, several authors proposed different classifications and discussed its neoplastic potential. The 2005 WHO Classification of Odontogenic Tumours re-named this entity as calcifying cystic odontogenic tumour (CCOT) and defined the clinico-pathological features of the ghost cell odontogenic tumours, the CCOT, the dentinogenic ghost cell tumour (DGCT) and the ghost cell odontogenic carcinoma (GCOC).


METHODS
The aim of this paper was to review the clinical-pathological features of 122 CCOT, DGCT and GCOC cases retrieved from the files of the oral pathology laboratories from 14 institutions in Mexico, South Africa, Denmark, the USA, Brazil, Guatemala and Peru. It attempts to clarify and to group the clinico-pathological features of the analysed cases and to propose an objective, comprehensive and useful classification under the 2005 WHO classification guidelines.


RESULTS
CCOT cases were divided into four sub-types: (i) simple cystic; (ii) odontoma associated; (iii) ameloblastomatous proliferating; and (iv) CCOT associated with benign odontogenic tumours other than odontomas. DGCT was separated into a central aggressive DGCT and a peripheral non-aggressive counterpart. For GCOC, three variants were identified. The first reported cases of a recurrent peripheral CCOT and a multiple synchronous, CCOT are included.


CONCLUSIONS
Our results suggest that ghost cell odontogenic tumours comprise a heterogeneous group of neoplasms which need further studies to define more precisely their biological behaviour.
A neural predictor of cultural popularity

We use neuroimaging to predict cultural popularity — something that is popular in the broadest sense and appeals to a large number of individuals. Neuroeconomic research suggests that activity in reward-related regions of the brain, notably the orbitofrontal cortex and ventral striatum, is predictive of future purchasing decisions, but it is unknown whether the neural signals of a small group of individuals are predictive of the purchasing decisions of the population at large. For neuroimaging to be useful as a measure of widespread popularity, these neural responses would have to generalize to a much larger population that is not the direct subject of the brain imaging itself. Here, we test the possibility of using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) to predict the relative popularity of a common good: music. We used fMRI to measure the brain responses of a relatively small group of adolescents while listening to songs of largely unknown artists. As a measure of popularity, the sales of these songs were totaled for the three years following scanning, and brain responses were then correlated with these “future” earnings. Although subjective likability of the songs was not predictive of sales, activity within the ventral striatum was significantly correlated with the number of units sold. These results suggest that the neural responses to goods are not only predictive of purchase decisions for those individuals actually scanned, but such responses generalize to the population at large and may be used to predict cultural popularity. © 2011 Published by Elsevier Inc. on behalf of Society for Consumer Psychology.