LLukas22/scidocs huggingface dataset:
Shading Analysis & Improvement for Distributed Residential Grid-Connected Photovoltaics Systems

Despite incentive reductions, distributed residential PV Systems continue to be installed throughout Australia in large numbers. Currently there are more than one million residential Photovoltaic (PV) systems installed across Australia (Australian Clean Energy Council, 2013). One of the significant challenges for residential roof top systems is the shading effects caused by various obstructions including trees, roof top structures and neighbouring buildings. Different levels of shading will lead to extraordinary performance variations in both individual solar modules and the entire PV array. This is primarily due to the operation of module bypass diodes contained inside the junction box. This paper will explain various shading scenarios and describe shading categories and classifications. Following the comprehensive research and analysis of module bypass diodes functionality and their pros and cons, a series of proposed installation solutions will be recommended to reduce shading losses.
A single-center, randomized, double-blind, active, and placebo-controlled study of KAI-1678, a novel PKC-epsilon inhibitor, in the treatment of acute postoperative orthopedic pain.

OBJECTIVE
KAI-1678, a novel inhibitor of the interaction of the epsilon isoform of protein kinase C (εPKC) with its intracellular receptor, has demonstrated activity in countering hyperalgesia in several models of pain. In this controlled randomized trial, KAI-1678 was tested for analgesic activity in an orthopedic acute postoperative pain setting.


DESIGN
Following hip or knee replacement surgery, subjects were treated with KAI-1678, ketorolac, or saline. Subjects recorded their pain intensity on a visual analog scale and rated their quality of analgesia. The pain intensity differences between baseline and the evaluations were summed over the first 4 hours.


RESULTS
The analysis revealed that, while ketorolac displayed good analgesic activity, KAI-1678 was not significantly different than placebo. Analgesia quality ratings similarly did not show a difference between KAI-1678 and placebo in this pain model. A small excess of infusion site erythema was seen with KAI-1678, but otherwise the drug was safe and well tolerated.


CONCLUSIONS
We investigated the safety and efficacy of a novel inhibitor of εPKC and provide clinical evidence that inhibition of εPKC with KAI-1678 is not effective in the treatment of acute postoperative orthopedic pain.
UHF broadband slot antenna with bent aperture

The described is the bow-tie slot antenna with a slightly bent aperture. The use of the bent aperture allows to increase gain in the upper frequency band compared to an antenna with a flat aperture.
The computer literacy scale (CLS) for older adults - development and validation

An important prerequisite for successful usage of computer systems and other interactive technology is a basic understanding of the symbols and interaction patterns used in them. This aspect of the broader construct “computer literacy” is used as indicator in the computer literacy scale, which proved to be an economical, reliable and valid instrument for the assessment of computer literacy in older adults.
Bose-Einsten and other two particle correlations - MC study

The MC toy model for Bose-Einstein correlations (BEC) is con sidered to make a best choice from different reference distributions. It occurs that the minimal bias in the BEC parameters estimation is provided by the reference sample which is being simulated from ”observed” sample by th e turn of all ~pt vectors in an event by a random δφ . It proposed to use similar approach in the analysis C2(∆η ,∆φ ) correlation. To make the analysis less dependent on reference sampl e, new definition of ∆φ is implemented as the angle between vectors p1 and p2 in the transverse plane. Then C1(∆φ) correlation can be studied without a reference sample subtraction. The ridge inC2(∆η ,∆φ ) correlation appears if an appropriate cut in Qvalue (Q = p2− p1) is applied.
Cirrhotic liver: What's that nodule? The LI-RADS approach.

The Liver Imaging Reporting and Data System (LI-RADS) is an American College of Radiology (ACR)-endorsed diagnostic system of standardized terminology, interpretation, and reporting for imaging examinations of the liver in patients at high risk for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). LI-RADS assigns a category to observations in the liver indicating the likelihood of benignity or HCC. LI-RADS categories include LR-1: Definitely Benign, LR-2: Probably Benign, LR-3: Intermediate Probability for HCC, LR-4: Probably HCC, LR-5: Definite HCC, LR-5V: Definite HCC with Tumor in Vein, LR-Treated: Treated HCC, LR-M Probable Malignancy, not specific for HCC. This article reviews the types of nodules seen in the cirrhotic liver, examines core LI-RADS concepts and definitions, and utilizes the LI-RADS v2014 algorithm to categorize representative observations depicted at magnetic resonance imaging in a case-based approach.
Pilot of a brief, web-based educational intervention targeting safe storage and disposal of prescription opioids.

UNLABELLED
Prescription opioid misuse has been declared an American epidemic and a significant proportion of misused opioids are diverted from legitimate prescriptions. Patient education regarding appropriate use and the dangers of misuse has been identified as a key intervention target. The current study presents findings from the open pilot of a patient-tailored, brief, web-based intervention designed to improve knowledge of safe medication use, storage and disposal.


METHODS
Subjects were 62 treatment-seeking outpatients at two diverse outpatient health clinics (dental and pain management) who were prescribed an opioid medication. Subjects completed an online assessment of risk factors for prescription opioid misuse and the 15-minute Script Safety intervention. Knowledge and misuse behaviors were assessed at baseline, immediately post intervention (knowledge only) and at one-week and one-month follow up. Knowledge regarding safe prescription opioid use, storage and disposal improved significantly from pre to post intervention and was sustained at follow up (% correct from baseline to one-month follow up: unsafe to retain unused pills, 66.1% vs. 96.5%; unsafe to borrow pills from family/friends, 87.1% vs. 98.2%; best to store pills in cool, dry, secure location, 45.2% vs. 89.5%; not recommended to use expired medications, 75.8% vs. 96.5%; not recommended to flush all medications down the toilet, 45.2% vs. 82.5%, ps<.01). Reductions in self-reported misuse behaviors were also observed. Although preliminary, the findings highlight the potential utility of integrating brief, web-based educational interventions in community and primary health care settings.
Modeling and Testing Hierarchical GUIs

This paper presents a new approach to model and test hierarchical Graphical User Interfaces (GUIs). We exploit the structure of Hierarchical Finite State Machines (HFSMs) to reduce the number of states in the ”flat” Finite State Machine (FSM) resulting from the exploration of the model. Firstly, independent dialogs are identified and highlighted in a HFSM built from the FSM. Then, the portion of the FSM that describes each dialog is reduced. To illustrate the approach, we construct a model of the Notepad application, which is part of Microsoft Windows. The model is written in Spec♯ and is converted automatically to a FSM using the Spec Explorer tool developed at Microsoft Research. The HFSM is then defined and the total number of states of the FSM is reduced. Spec Explorer generates test cases from the FSM, and also tests the conformity between the specification and the implementation.
Efficacy of a prophylactic epidural blood patch in preventing post dural puncture headache in parturients after inadvertent dural puncture.

BACKGROUND
Postdural puncture headache (PDPH) occurs in up to 80% of parturients who experience inadvertent dural puncture during epidural catheter placement. The authors performed a randomized double blind study to assess the effect of prophylactic epidural blood patch on the incidence of PDPH and the need for therapeutic epidural blood patch.


METHODS
Sixty-four parturients who incurred inadvertent dural puncture were randomized to receive a prophylactic epidural blood patch with 20 ml autologous blood (prophylactic epidural blood patch group) or a sham patch (sham group). Subjects were evaluated daily for development of PDPH for a minimum of 5 days after dural puncture. Those who developed a PDPH were followed daily for a minimum of 3 days after resolution of the headache. Subjects with moderate headaches who reported difficulties performing childcare activities and all those with severe headaches were advised to receive a therapeutic epidural blood patch.


RESULTS
Eighteen of 32 subjects in each group (56%) developed PDPH. Therapeutic blood patch was recommended in similar numbers of patients in each group. The groups had similar onset time of PDPH, median peak pain scores, and number of days spent unable to perform childcare activities as a result of postural headache. The median duration of PDPH, however, was shorter in the prophylactic epidural blood patch group.


CONCLUSIONS
A decrease in the incidence of PDPH or the need for criteria-directed therapeutic epidural patch was not detected when a prophylactic epidural blood patch was administered to parturients after inadvertent dural puncture. However, prophylactic epidural blood patch did shorten the duration of PDPH symptoms.
Acetylcysteine for prevention of acute deterioration of renal function following elective coronary angiography and intervention: a randomized controlled trial.

CONTEXT
The antioxidant acetylcysteine prevents acute contrast nephrotoxicity in patients with impaired renal function who undergo computed tomography scanning. However, its role in coronary angiography is unclear.


OBJECTIVE
To determine whether oral acetylcysteine prevents acute deterioration in renal function in patients with moderate renal insufficiency who undergo elective coronary angiography.


DESIGN AND SETTING
Prospective, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial conducted from May 2000 to December 2001 at the Grantham Hospital at the University of Hong Kong.


PARTICIPANTS
Two hundred Chinese patients aged mean (SD) 68 (6.5) years with stable moderate renal insufficiency (creatinine clearance <60 mL/min [1.00 mL/s]) who were undergoing elective coronary angiography with or without intervention.


INTERVENTION
Participants were randomly assigned to receive oral acetylcysteine(600 mg twice per day; n = 102) or matching placebo tablets (n = 98) on the day before and the day of angiography. All patients received low-osmolality contrast agent.


MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES
Occurrence of more than a 25% increase in serum creatinine level within 48 hours after contrast administration; change in creatinine clearance and serum creatinine level.


RESULTS
Twelve control patients (12%) and 4 acetylcysteine patients (4%) developed a more than 25% increase in serum creatinine level within 48 hours after contrast administration (relative risk, 0.32; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.10-0.96; P =.03). Serum creatinine was lower in the acetylcysteine group (1.22 mg/dL [107.8 micromol/L]; 95% CI, 1.11-1.33 mg/dL vs 1.38 mg/dL [122.9 micromol/L]; 95% CI, 1.27-1.49 mg/dL; P =.006) during the first 48 hours after angiography. Acetylcysteine treatment significantly increased creatinine clearance from 44.8 mL/min (0.75 mL/s) (95% CI, 42.7-47.6 mL/min) to 58.9 mL/min (0.98 mL/s) (95% CI, 55.6-62.3 mL/min) 2 days after the contrast administration (P<.001). The increase was not significant in the control group (from 42.1 to 44.1 mL/min [0.70 to 0.74 mL/s]; P =.15). The benefit of acetylcysteine was consistent among various patient subgroups and persistent for at least 7 days. There were no major treatment-related adverse events.


CONCLUSION
Acetylcysteine protects patients with moderate chronic renal insufficiency from contrast-induced deterioration in renal function after coronary angiographic procedures, with minimal adverse effects and at a low cost.
Single Production of Heavy Charged Leptons at the ILC

This paper has been withdrawn by the authors due to a coding error and a missed diagram. The calculation has been completely redone, with very different results, and with an additional author, and will be submitted to the arxiv shortly.
Creative conflict resolution in realtime collaborative editing systems

Conflict is common in collaboration, and may have both negative and positive effects on collaborative work. Past research has focused on controlling negative aspects of conflict by preventing, eliminating or isolating conflicts, but done little on exploring positive aspects of conflict. In this paper, we contribute a novel creative conflict resolution (CCR) approach to address these issues in real-time collaborative editing systems. In addition to maintaining consistency, the CCR approach is able to create new results from conflicts, generate alternative solutions based on collective effects of conflict operations, and support users to choose suitable conflict solutions and conflict resolution policies according to their needs. The CCR approach provides not only a new way of resolving conflicts in real-time collaborative editing systems, but also a framework for supporting a range of existing conflict resolution strategies. Techniques and user interface issues related to the CCR approach and a prototype implementation are discussed in this paper.
A randomized trial of nebulized 3% hypertonic saline with epinephrine in the treatment of acute bronchiolitis in the emergency department.

OBJECTIVE
To determine whether nebulized 3% hypertonic saline with epinephrine is more effective than nebulized 0.9% saline with epinephrine in the treatment of bronchiolitis in the emergency department.


DESIGN
Randomized, double-blind, controlled trial.


SETTING
Single-center urban pediatric emergency department.


PARTICIPANTS
Infants younger than 12 months with mild to moderate bronchiolitis.


INTERVENTIONS
Patients were randomized to receive nebulized racemic epinephrine in either hypertonic or normal saline.


OUTCOME MEASURES
The primary outcome measure was the change in respiratory distress, as measured by the Respiratory Assessment Change Score (RACS) from baseline to 120 minutes. The change in oxygen saturation was also determined. Secondary outcome measures included the rates of hospital admission and return to the emergency department.


RESULTS
Forty-six patients were enrolled and evaluated. The 2 study groups had similar baseline characteristics. The RACS from baseline to 120 minutes demonstrated no improvement in respiratory distress in the hypertonic saline group compared with the normal saline control group. The change in oxygen saturation in the hypertonic saline group was not significant when compared with the control group. Rates of admission and return to the emergency department were not different between the 2 groups.


CONCLUSIONS
In the treatment of acute bronchiolitis, hypertonic saline and epinephrine did not improve clinical outcome any more than normal saline and epinephrine in the emergency setting. This differs from previously published results of outpatient and inpatient populations and merits further evaluation.


TRIAL REGISTRATION
isrctn.org Identifier: ISRCTN66632312.
Student engagement and foreign language learning through online social networks

Introduction: Nowadays, one of the most important questions in teaching and learning involves increasing the degree of students’ engagement in learning. According to Astin’s Theory of Student engagement, the best learning environment is one in which it is possible to increase students’ engagement. The current study investigates the influences that using these networks for educational purposes may have on learners’ engagement, motivation, and learning.
Failure identification and analysis for high voltage induction motors in petrochemical industry

The study gives a synopsis over condition monitoring methods both as a diagnostic tool and as a technique for failure identification in high voltage induction motors in industry. New running experience data for 483 motor units with 6135 unit years are registered and processed statistically, to reveal the connection between motor data, protection and condition monitoring methods, maintenance philosophy and different types of failures. The different types of failures are further analyzed to failure-initiators, -contributors and -underlying causes. The results have been compared with those of a previous survey, IEEE Report of Large Motor Reliability Survey of Industrial and Commercial Installations, 1985. In the present survey the motors are in the range of 100 to 1300 kW, 47% of them between 100 and 500 kW.
Operating System Performance in Support of Real-Time Middleware

Commercial-off-the-shelf (COTS) hardware and software is being evaluated and/or used in an increasing range of missioncritical distributed real-time and embedded (DRE) systems. Due to substantial R&D investment over the past decade, COTS middleware has recently matured to the point where it is no longer the dominant factor in the overhead, nondeterminism, and priority inversion incurred by DRE systems. As a result, the focus has shifted to the COTS operating systems and networks, which are once again responsible for the majority of end-to-end latency and jitter. This paper compares and evaluates the suitability of popular COTS operating systems for real-time COTS middleware, such as Real-time CORBA. We examine real-time operating systems (VxWorks and QNX), general-purpose operating systems with real-time thread scheduling classes (Windows NT, Windows 2K, and Linux), and a hybrid real-time/generalpurpose operating system (Linux/RT). While holding the hardware and ORB constant, we vary these operating systems systematically to measure platform-specific variations in context switch overhead, throughput of the ORB in terms of two-way operations per-second and memory footprint of the ORB libraries. We also measure how the latency and jitter of highpriority operations are affected as the number of low-priority operations increase. Our results indicate that real-time operating systems remain the platforms of choice to deliver predictable, efficient, and scalable performance for DRE middleware and applications. However, the emergence of hybrid general-purpose/real-time operating systems, such as Linux/RT, are a promising direction for future DRE systems. Although Linux/RT is not yet as deterministic as traditional real-time operating systems, such as QNX and VxWorks, it does provide more predictable and scalable behavior compared to mainstream operating systems, This work was supported in part by Siemens and SAIC. such as Windows NT/2K. Since traditional real-time operating systems tend to be expensive and tedious to configure/program, the maturation of Linux/RT will be a welcome advance for DRE system developers.
Exploring and comparing the experience and coping behaviour of men and women with colorectal cancer after chemotherapy treatment: a qualitative longitudinal study.

OBJECTIVES
Men have higher incidence and mortality rates for nearly all cancers. They are less likely than women to utilise cancer information services and other social support services. The aim of this study was to explore and compare the experience and coping behaviour of men and women after treatment for colorectal cancer (CRC).


METHODS
A longitudinal qualitative study was conducted involving 38 individuals (24 men and 14 women) with CRC. Data were generated using semi-structured interviews at four time points over an 18-month period, post-diagnosis. Interviews focused on participant's experience of CRC and on how gender affected their coping. This paper reports the findings of interviews 3 and 4 which examined the participant's experience after chemotherapy.


RESULTS
Three themes emerged from the interviews ('new normal', living with uncertainty and support needs). Many men and women reacted similarly; however, there was some variation evident between and within sexes. The main difference was with regard to the long-term physical side effects of the illness. Many women admitted to still experiencing side effects, whereas many men indicated that they had no problems. These men engaged in practices that aligned with their gender identity and view of masculinity. It must be noted that some men and women were still experiencing an impact.


CONCLUSIONS
Recovery from the physical and psychological effects of CRC does not occur simultaneously. Healthcare professionals should be aware that not all men (or women) conform to the social stereotypes of masculinity (or femininity).
A longitudinal evaluation of accessibility: higher education web sites

Purpose – Using Internet Archive’s Wayback Machine, higher education web sites were retrospectively analyzed to study the effects that technological advances in web design have had on accessibility for persons with disabilities. Design/methodology/approach – A convenience sample of higher education web sites was studied for years 1997-2002. The homepage and pages 1-level down were evaluated. Web accessibility barrier (WAB) and complexity scores were calculated. Repeated measures analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used to determine trends in the data and Pearson’s correlation (r) was computed to evaluate the relationship between accessibility and complexity. Findings – Higher education web sites become progressively inaccessible as complexity increases. Research limitations/implications – The WAB score is a proxy of web accessibility. While the WAB score can give an indication of the accessibility of a web site, it cannot differentiate between barriers posing minimal limitations and those posing absolute inaccessibility. A future study is planned to have users with disabilities examine web sites with differing WAB scores to correlate how well the WAB score is gauging accessibility of web sites from the perspective of the user. Practical implications – Findings from studies such as this can lead to improved guidelines, policies, and overall awareness of web accessibility for persons with disabilities. Originality/value – There are limited studies that have taken a longitudinal look at the accessibility of web sites and explored the reasons for the trend of decreasing accessibility.
A high-accuracy step counting algorithm for iPhones using accelerometer

Nowadays, smartphones become very popular in our daily activities. Current phone models have been integrated with high-accuracy built-in sensors. Many developers have been taking advantage of those sensors to build useful applications. Tracking user's activities via smartphones is one of the hot topics in research community. Step detection or step counting is one of the key problems in the field of understanding user's activities. There are a few research work and many commercial smartphone applications to detect or count the user's steps. In other work, researchers have tried to detect or count the steps by attaching the phone into a specific position. In this paper, we propose a new method based on Kalman Filter to detect and count the user's step with higher accuracy using built-in accelerometer in iOS. In our experiments, we allow users to hold the phone in hand or keep it in the pocket. The experimental results show that our approach gives better results than other commercial applications in the market.