LLukas22/scidocs huggingface dataset:
Focusing on the Long-term: It's Good for Users and Business

Over the past 10+ years, online companies large and small have adopted widespread A/B testing as a robust data-based method for evaluating potential product improvements. In online experimentation, it is straightforward to measure the short-term effect, i.e., the impact observed during the experiment. However, the short-term effect is not always predictive of the long-term effect, i.e., the final impact once the product has fully launched and users have changed their behavior in response. Thus, the challenge is how to determine the long-term user impact while still being able to make decisions in a timely manner.
 We tackle that challenge in this paper by first developing experiment methodology for quantifying long-term user learning. We then apply this methodology to ads shown on Google search, more specifically, to determine and quantify the drivers of ads blindness and sightedness, the phenomenon of users changing their inherent propensity to click on or interact with ads.
 We use these results to create a model that uses metrics measurable in the short-term to predict the long-term. We learn that user satisfaction is paramount: ads blindness and sightedness are driven by the quality of previously viewed or clicked ads, as measured by both ad relevance and landing page quality. Focusing on user satisfaction both ensures happier users but also makes business sense, as our results illustrate. We describe two major applications of our findings: a conceptual change to our search ads auction that further increased the importance of ads quality, and a 50% reduction of the ad load on Google's mobile search interface.
 The results presented in this paper are generalizable in two major ways. First, the methodology may be used to quantify user learning effects and to evaluate online experiments in contexts other than ads. Second, the ads blindness/sighted-ness results indicate that a focus on user satisfaction could help to reduce the ad load on the internet at large with long-term neutral, or even positive, business impact.
Postal and face-to-face administration of stroke outcome measures: can mixed modes be used?

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE
Different modes of administration are used to collect stroke outcomes, even within the same study, potentially leading to different results. We investigated the effect of administration mode (postal questionnaire; face-to-face interview) on self-reports of activities of daily living and mood.


METHODS
The study was nested within a poststroke motivational interviewing trial. Activities of daily living (Barthel; Nottingham Extended) and mood (General Health Questionnaire; Yale) were collected at 3 and 12 months via postal questionnaire. Participants were approached to respond again via face-to-face interview. Paired t tests (McNemar test) and intraclass correlation coefficients (Cohen κ) were used, with 95% CI, to compare scores (items).


RESULTS
Forty-four participants consented. Only Barthel scores were significantly different; they were 1.0 (95% CI, 0.5-1.6) higher face-to-face. The intraclass correlation coefficient for the Barthel was 0.90; for the other scales it was between 0.83 and 0.87. The Yale κ was 0.72.


CONCLUSIONS
Modes of administration might be used interchangeably, albeit in conjunction with corrections for the Barthel.
An analysis of the GTZAN music genre dataset

A significant amount of work in automatic music genre recognition has used a dataset whose composition and integrity has never been formally analyzed. For the first time, we provide an analysis of its composition, and create a machine-readable index of artist and song titles. We also catalog numerous problems with its integrity, such as replications, mislabelings, and distortions.
Data Curation at Scale: The Data Tamer System

Data curation is the act of discovering a data source(s) of interest, cleaning and transforming the new data, semantically integrating it with other local data sources, and deduplicating the resulting composite. There has been much research on the various components of curation (especially data integration and deduplication). However, there has been little work on collecting all of the curation components into an integrated end-to-end system. In addition, most of the previous work will not scale to the sizes of problems that we are finding in the field. For example, one web aggregator requires the curation of 80,000 URLs and a second biotech company has the problem of curating 8000 spreadsheets. At this scale, data curation cannot be a manual (human) effort, but must entail machine learning approaches with a human assist only when necessary. This paper describes Data Tamer, an end-to-end curation system we have built at M.I.T. Brandeis, and Qatar Computing Research Institute (QCRI). It expects as input a sequence of data sources to add to a composite being constructed over time. A new source is subjected to machine learning algorithms to perform attribute identification, grouping of attributes into tables, transformation of incoming data and deduplication. When necessary, a human can be asked for guidance. Also, Data Tamer includes a data visualization component so a human can examine a data source at will and specify manual transformations. We have run Data Tamer on three real world enterprise curation problems, and it has been shown to lower curation cost by about 90%, relative to the currently deployed production software. This article is published under a Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/), which permits distribution and reproduction in any medium as well allowing derivative works, provided that you attribute the original work to the author(s) and CIDR 2013. 6th Biennial Conference on Innovative Data Systems Research (CIDR ’13) January 6-9, 2013, Asilomar, California, USA.
High Speed, Low Power Four-Quadrant CMOS Current-Mode Multiplier

In this paper a new CMOS current-mode four- quadrant analog multiplier and divider circuit based on squarer circuit is proposed. The dual translinear loops is the basic building block in realization scheme. Supply voltage is 3.3 V. The major advantages of this multiplier are high speed, low power, high linearity and less dc offset error. The circuit is designed and simulated using HSPICE simulator by level 49 parameters (BSIM3v3) in 0.35 mum standard CMOS technology. The simulation results of analog multiplier demonstrate a linearity error of 1.1%, a THD of 0.97% in 1 MHz, a -3 dB bandwidth of 41.8 MHz and a maximum power consumption of 0.34 mW.
Consumer trust in an Internet store

Sirkka L. Jarvenpaa a, Noam Tractinsky b and Michael Vitale c a Department of Management Science and Information Systems, CBA 5.202, B6500, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712-1175, USA E-mail: sjarvenpaa@mail.utexas.edu b Industrial Engineering and Management, Ben-Gurion University, Beer Sheva 84105, Israel E-mail: noamt@bgumail.bgu.ac.il c Melbourne Business School, The University of Melbourne, Carlton 3053, Victoria, Australia E-mail: m.vitale@mbs.unimelb.edu.au
The shape of European business in 2003.

Eucomed, the medical technology trade association, reports on some of its key initiatives of the year and looks at what the industry can expect in 2003.
Translating Names and Technical Terms in Arabic Text

It is challenging to translate names and technical terms from English into Arabic. Translation is usually done phonetically: different alphabets and sound inventories force various compromises. For example, Peter Streams may come out as hr..~ ~ bytr szrymz. This process is called transliteration. We address here the reverse problem: given a foreign name or loanword in Arabic text, we want to recover the original in Roman script. For example, an input like .~..A~ bytr strymz should yield an output like Peter Streams. Arabic presents special challenges due to unwritten vowels and phonetic-context effects. We present results and examples of use in an Arabic-to-English machine translator. Introduction It is not trivial to write an algorithm for turning Translators must deal with many problems, and one of the most frequent is translating proper names and technical terms. For language pairs like Spanish/English, this presents no great challenge: a phrase like Antonio Gil usually gets translated as Antonio Gil. However, the situation is more complicated for language pairs that employ very different alphabets and sound systems, such as Japanese/English and Arabic/English. Phonetic translation across these pairs is called transliteration. (Knight and Graehl, 1997) present a computational treatment of Japanese/English transliteration, which we adapt here to the case in Arabic. Arabic text, like Japanese, frequently contains foreign names and technical terms that are translated phonetically. Here are some examples from newspaper text: a
Effectiveness of individual placement and support for people with severe mental illness in The Netherlands: a 30-month randomized controlled trial.

OBJECTIVE
Whereas in the U.S. and Canada the Individual Placement and Support (IPS) model has proven to be highly effective in enhancing employment perspectives for persons with severe mental illnesses, the evidence base is less abundant in countries with a different socioeconomic climate. The aim of this study was to examine the effectiveness of IPS in the Dutch socioeconomic context.


METHOD
A multisite randomized controlled trial was performed following 151 persons with severe mental illnesses expressing an explicit wish for regular employment, comparing IPS with traditional vocational rehabilitation (TVR). Primary outcome was the proportion of persons who were competitively employed over a period of 30 months. Secondary outcomes were self-reported quality of life, self-esteem and mental health. Additionally, the impact of being engaged in competitive employment on these secondary outcomes was examined.


RESULTS
In 30 months, 44% of IPS participants found competitive work, compared with 25% of participants supported by TVR. No direct effect of IPS on mental health, self-esteem or quality of life was found. Being competitively employed before follow-up measurements was significantly associated with an increase in mental health, self-esteem and quality of life.


CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS FOR PRACTICE
This study strongly confirms that IPS is an effective method in helping people with severe mental illnesses find competitive work also in countries characterized by a relatively protective socioeconomic climate putting up unintended barriers to employment. The implementation of IPS on a larger scale seems warranted, and new studies are needed on the mechanisms through which IPS works.
Family medicine practice performance and knowledge management.

BACKGROUND
Knowledge management (KM) is the process by which people in organizations find, share, and develop knowledge for action. KM affects performance by influencing work relationships to enhance learning and decision making.


PURPOSE
To identify how family medicine practices exhibit KM.


METHODOLOGY
A model and a template of KM concepts were derived from a comprehensive organizational literature review. Two higher and two lower performing family medicine practices were purposefully selected from existing comparative case studies based on prevention delivery rates and innovation. Interviews, fieldnotes of operations, and clinical encounters were coded independently using the template. Face-to-face discussions resolved coding differences.


FINDINGS
All practices had processes and tools for finding, sharing, and developing knowledge; however, KM overall was limited despite implementation of expensive technologies like an electronic medical record. Where present, KM processes and tools were used by individuals but not integrated throughout the organization. Loss of information was prominent, and finding knowledge was underdeveloped. The use of technical tools and developing knowledge by reconfiguration and measurement were particularly limited. Socially related tools, such as face-to-face-communication for sharing and developing knowledge, were more developed. As in other organizations, tool use was tailored for specific outcomes and leveraged by other organizational capacities.


PRACTICE IMPLICATIONS
Differences in KM occur within family practices and between family practices and other organizations and may have implications for improving practice performance. Understanding interaction patterns of work relationships and KM may explain why costly technical or externally imposed "one size fits all" practice organizational interventions have had mixed results and limited sustainability.
Thermally enhanced ultrasonically assisted machining of Ti alloy

Recently, a non-conventional machining technique known as ultrasonically assisted turning (UAT) was introduced to machine modern alloys, in which low-energy, highfrequency vibration is superimposed on the movement of a cutting tool during a conventional cutting process. This novel machining technique, results in a multi-fold decrease in the level of cutting forces with a concomitant improvement in surface finish of machined modern alloys. Also, since the late 20 century, machining of wear resistant materials that soften when heated have been carried out with hot machining techniques. In this paper, a new hybrid machining technique called Hot Ultrasonically Assisted Turning (HUAT) is introduced for the processing of a Ti-based alloy. In this technique, UAT is combined with a traditional hot machining technique to gain combined advantages of both schemes for machining of intractable alloys. HUAT of the Ti alloy was analysed experimentally and numerically to demonstrate the benefits in terms of reduction in the cutting forces and improvement in surface roughness over a wide range of industrially relevant speed-feed combinations for titanium alloys.
Compositional Human Pose Regression

Regression based methods are not performing as well as detection based methods for human pose estimation. A central problem is that the structural information in the pose is not well exploited in the previous regression methods. In this work, we propose a structure-aware regression approach. It adopts a reparameterized pose representation using bones instead of joints. It exploits the joint connection structure to define a compositional loss function that encodes the long range interactions in the pose. It is simple, effective, and general for both 2D and 3D pose estimation in a unified setting. Comprehensive evaluation validates the effectiveness of our approach. It significantly advances the state-of-the-art on Human3.6M [20] and is competitive with state-of-the-art results on MPII [3].
1 Automatically Identifying Trigger-based Behavior in Malware

• MacArthur Fellowship, 2010 • Guggenheim Fellowship, 2010 • Li Ka Shing Foundation Women in Science Distinguished Lectu re Series Award, 2010 • MIT Technology Review TR-35 Award (recognizing the world’s top innovators under the age of 35), 2009. • Okawa Foundation Research Award, 2008. • Sloan Research Fellow, 2007. • Best Paper Award, 2007 USENIX Security Symposium. • George Tallman Ladd Research Award, Carnegie Mellon Univer sity, 2007. • Highest ranked paper, 2006 IEEE Security and Privacy Sympos ium; paper invited to a special issue of the IEEE Transactions on Dependable and Secure Computing. • NSF CAREER Award on “Exterminating Large Scale Internet Att acks”, 2005. • IBM Faculty Award, 2005. • Highest ranked paper, 1999 IEEE Computer Security Foundati on Workshop; paper invited to a special issue of Journal of Computer Security.
An Initial Seed Selection Algorithm for K-means Clustering of Georeferenced Data to Improve Replicability of Cluster Assignments for Mapping Application

K-means is one of the most widely used clustering algorithms in various disciplines, especially for large datasets. However the method is known to be highly sensitive to initial seed selection of cluster centers. K-means++ has been proposed to overcome this problem and has been shown to have better accuracy and computational efficiency than k-means. In many clustering problems though –such as when classifying georeferenced data for mapping applications-standardization of clustering methodology, specifically, the ability to arrive at the same cluster assignment for every run of the method i.e. replicability of the methodology, may be of greater significance than any perceived measure of accuracy, especially when the solution is known to be non-unique, as in the case of k-means clustering. Here we propose a simple initial seed selection algorithm for k-means clustering along one attribute that draws initial cluster boundaries along the " deepest valleys " or greatest gaps in dataset. Thus, it incorporates a measure to maximize distance between consecutive cluster centers which augments the conventional k-means optimization for minimum distance between cluster center and cluster members. Unlike existing initialization methods, no additional parameters or degrees of freedom are introduced to the clustering algorithm. This improves the replicability of cluster assignments by as much as 100% over k-means and k-means++, virtually reducing the variance over different runs to zero, without introducing any additional parameters to the clustering process. Further, the proposed method is more computationally efficient than k-means++ and in some cases, more accurate.
Rearing conditions differentially affect the locomotor behavior of larval zebrafish, but not their response to valproate-induced developmental neurotoxicity.

Zebrafish (Danio rerio) are widely used in developmental research, but still not much is known about the role of the environment in their development. Zebrafish are a highly social organism; thus exposure to, or isolation from, social environments may have profound developmental effects. Details of rearing conditions are often sparse in the zebrafish literature. This study compared (1) the activity of larval zebrafish that were raised individually vs in groups, and (2) the effect of the developmental neurotoxicant valproate. We randomly assigned embryos to single- or group-reared social environments from 0 to 5days post fertilization (dpf), while treating them with or without valproate (final concentration 48μM) from 0 to 2dpf, resulting in a total of four groups (group control, group treated, single control, single treated). At 5dpf all embryos were transferred to singly-housed environments where they remained for locomotor activity testing (alternating periods of light and dark) conducted on day 6. Larvae that had been reared in groups had higher levels of activity in the dark period compared to larvae that had been raised individually. Valproate increased activity in both the singly-reared and group-reared larvae during periods of darkness but not light. Further analyses of dark activity indicated that rearing condition did not differentially affect larval responses to valproate. These results indicate that rearing conditions affected the locomotion of zebrafish larvae, but did not alter the effect of the developmental neurotoxicant valproate.
Sex-Related Outcomes in Elderly Patients Presenting With Non-ST-Segment Elevation Acute Coronary Syndrome: Insights From the Italian Elderly ACS Study.

OBJECTIVES
This study sought to investigate sex-related differences in treatment and outcomes in elderly patients with non-ST-segment elevation acute coronary syndromes (NSTEACS).


BACKGROUND
Female sex and older age are usually associated with worse outcome in NSTEACS. The Italian Elderly ACS study enrolled NSTEACS patients aged 75 years of age and older in a randomized trial comparing an early aggressive with an initially conservative strategy and in a registry of patients with ≥1 exclusion criteria of the trial.


METHODS
We compared sexes in the pooled populations of the trial and registry.


RESULTS
A total of 645 patients (313 from the trial and 332 from the registry), including 301 women (47%), were enrolled. Women were slightly older than men (82.1 ± 5.0 years vs. 81.2 ± 4.5 years; p = 0.02), had lower hemoglobin levels (12.5 ± 1.6 g/dl vs. 13.3 ± 1.9 g/dl; p < 0.001), and underwent fewer coronary revascularizations during the index admission (37.2% vs. 45.0%; p = 0.04). In-hospital adverse event rates were similar in both sexes; severe bleeding was uncommon (0.3% vs. 0%). The 1-year primary endpoint (composite of death, nonfatal myocardial infarction, disabling stroke, cardiac rehospitalization, and severe bleeding) occurred less often in women (27.6% vs. 38.7%; p < 0.01). Women not undergoing revascularization showed a 3-fold higher mortality, both in-hospital (8.5% vs. 2.7%; p = 0.05) and at 1 year (21.6% vs. 8.1%; p = 0.002).


CONCLUSIONS
Elderly women had a similar in-hospital outcome and better 1-year outcome compared with men. Coronary revascularization in women was associated with lower 1-year mortality, without an increase in severe bleeding. Elderly women with NSTEACS should always be considered for early revascularization.
The geriatric cancer experience at the end of life: testing an adapted model.

PURPOSE/OBJECTIVES
To test an adapted end-of-life conceptual model of the geriatric cancer experience and provide evidence for the validity and reliability of the model for use in practice and research.


DESIGN
Nonexperimental and cross-sectional using baseline data collected within 24-72 hours of admission to hospice.


SETTING
Two hospices in the southeastern United States.


SAMPLE
403 hospice homecare patients; 56% were men and 97% were Caucasian with a mean age of 77.7 years.


METHODS
Confirmatory factor analyses using structural equation modeling with AMOS statistical software.


MAIN RESEARCH VARIABLES
Clinical status; physiologic, psychological, and spiritual variables; and quality of life (QOL).


FINDINGS
A three-factor model with QOL as an outcome variable showed that 67% of the variability in QOL is explained by the patient's symptom and spiritual experiences.


CONCLUSIONS
As symptoms and associated severity and distress increase, the patient's QOL decreases. As the spiritual experience increases (the expressed need for inspiration, spiritual activities, and religion), QOL also increases.


IMPLICATIONS FOR NURSING
The model supports caring for the physical and metaphysical dimensions of the patient's life. It also highlights a need for holistic care inclusive of physical, emotional, and spiritual domains.
Experimental investigations on insulating liquids for power transformers: Mineral, ester, and silicone oils

In this paper the dielectric strength, electrostatic charging tendency (ECT), ageing stability, gassing tendency, heat transfer efficiency and stray gassing issue of mineral and silicone oils, synthetic and natural esters are analyzed and discussed.