LLukas22/scidocs huggingface dataset:
Sustainable Multiprocessor Scheduling of Sporadic Task Systems

A scheduling policy or a schedulability test is defined to be sustainable with respect to  a particular workload model if any task system represented in that model that is determined to be schedulable remains so if it behaves "better" than mandated by its specifications.  We investigate the sustainability properties of global scheduling algorithms when applied to systems represented using the sporadic task model.  We show that  Fixed-Priority (FP) scheduling of sporadic task sets is sustainable under a variety of scheduling parameter relaxations, including decreased execution requirements, later arrivals, and deadline relaxations. It follows that all sufficient tests of global FP schedulability are sustainable for sporadic task systems.  We show that the Earliest Deadline First (EDF) and Earliest-Deadline with Zero Laxity scheduling policies are sustainable with respect to decreased execution requirements and later arrivals.  We also introduce a notion of self-sustainability, and show that many widely-used EDF schedulability tests are not self-sustainable but one is.
4 Ethnicity and State Policy: The State of Israel in the Intellectual and Political Discourse of the US Jewish Press

This chapter examines the relationship between Jewish ethnic awareness and political attitude towards the State of Israel, as expressed in three leading periodicals in the United States: Tikkun , Commentary , and The Forward , during the past twenty years. The discussion that took place within three periodicals during the past generation has been primarily political in nature, free of ideational questions of principle that had preoccupied statesmen and intellectuals during two preceding generations. These sought to formulate a collective definition of Klal Yisrael in the aftermath of Holocaust and founding of State of Israel, as a consequence of which the center of gravity of Jewish life had shifted from Europe to the United States and Israel. The first issue raised during these discussions was the question of a collective definition of world Jewry. The second matter of principle under discussion related to the definition of Jewish existence outside the State of Israel. Keywords: Commentary ; Jewish ethnic awareness; Klal Yisrael ; political attitude; state of Israel; The Forward ; Tikkun ; US Jewish press; world Jewry
Systematic care for caregivers of people with dementia in the ambulatory mental health service: designing a multicentre, cluster, randomized, controlled trial

BACKGROUND
Care for people with dementia and their informal caregivers is a challenging aim in healthcare. There is an urgent need for cost-effective support programs that prevent informal caregivers of people with dementia from becoming overburdened, which might result in a delay or decrease of patient institutionalization. For this reason, we have developed the Systematic Care Program for Dementia (SCPD). The SCPD consists of an assessment of caregiver's sense of competence and suggestions on how to deal with competence deficiencies. The efficiency of the SCPD will be evaluated in our study.


METHODS AND DESIGN
In our ongoing, cluster, randomized, single-blind, controlled trial, the participants in six mental health services in four regions of the Netherlands have been randomized per service. Professionals of the ambulatory mental health services (psychologists and social psychiatric nurses) have been randomly allocated to either the intervention group or the control group. The study population consists of community-dwelling people with dementia and their informal caregivers (patient-caregiver dyads) coming into the health service. The dyads have been clustered to the professionals. The primary outcome measure is the patient's admission to a nursing home or home for the elderly at 12 months of follow-up. This measure is the most important variable for estimating cost differences between the intervention group and the control group. The secondary outcome measure is the quality of the patient's and caregiver's lives.


DISCUSSION
A novelty in the SCPD is the pro-active and systematic approach. The focus on the caregiver's sense of competence is relevant to economical healthcare, since this sense of competence is an important determinant of delay of institutionalization of people with dementia. The SCPD might be able to facilitate this with a relatively small cost investment for caregivers' support, which could result in a major decrease in costs in the management of dementia. Implementation on a national level will be started if the SCPD proves to be efficient.


TRIAL REGISTRATION
NCT00147693.
User-friendly home automation based on 3D virtual world

Home automation refers to a system that is used to control devices around the home. These devices can include doors, lights, surveillance systems, and consumer electronics. A user can control a variety of home devices with the help of a home automation system. To provide mobility, a mobile phone-based home automation has been developed. As another approach toward home automation, an Internet-based home automation system has been proposed, providing a graphic user interface. However, these systems lack userfriendliness and are neither intuitive nor realistic. To improve the user-friendliness of the interface, a 3D view interface was designed. However, its level of realism was low. In this study, to provide a more realistic interface, a 3D virtual world is adopted as the user interface for a home automation system. Additionally, a home server is used as a controller for home devices. As an information exchange format between the virtual and the real world, a control protocol that works under a standardization process is introduced. With the help of a 3D virtual world, a user can control and monitor home devices via a user-friendly interface that works both intuitively and realistically anywhere and anytime through the Internet.
‘That Thin Skin’: Skipper Lindsay and the Language of Record

Examines an episode involving public disruption of theatre in 1580, recorded in the early-seventeenth-century memoirs of the Rev. James Melville. Issues such as memory, nostalgia, audience perceptions of theatre, and changing political contexts reveal themselves in the language of record.
Dynamic Data-driven Avionics Systems: Inferring Failure Modes from Data Streams

Dynamic Data-Driven Avionics Systems (DDDAS) embody ideas from the Dynamic DataDriven Application Systems paradigm by creating a data-driven feedback loop that analyzes spatio-temporal data streams coming from aircraft sensors and instruments, looks for errors in the data signaling potential failure modes, and corrects for erroneous data when possible. In case of emergency, DDDAS need to provide enough information about the failure to pilots to support their decision making in real-time. We have developed the PILOTS system, which supports data-error tolerant spatio-temporal stream processing, as an initial step to realize the concept of DDDAS. In this paper, we apply the PILOTS system to actual data from the Tuninter 1153 (TU1153) flight accident in August 2005, where the installation of an incorrect fuel sensor led to a fatal accident. The underweight condition suggesting an incorrect fuel indication for TU1153 is successfully detected with 100% accuracy during cruise flight phases. Adding logical redundancy to avionics through a dynamic data-driven approach can significantly improve the safety of flight.
High-gain and high-bandwidth rail-to-rail operational amplifier with slew rate boost circuit

In this work, a high gain and high bandwidth rail-to-rail operational amplifier with slew rate boost circuit is presented. The constant gm is enhanced through a source-to-bulk bias control of an input pair. A source degeneration scheme is applied to realize an input common-mode range insensitive output stage. Several compensation schemes are applied to maintain the stability. A slew rate boost circuit can improve the output slewing. The op amp performs 100-dB dc gain, 100-MHz bandwidth and 22.5-V/us slew rate at 15-pF output load. The layout area is 593times519 mum2 in a 0.18-mum CMOS process. It consumes 3.2-mW at 1.8V supply voltage
A prospective longitudinal multicentre study of health related quality of life in ICU survivors with COPD

INTRODUCTION
Mortality amongst COPD patients treated on the ICU is high. Health-related quality of life (HRQL) after intensive care is a relevant concern for COPD patients, their families and providers of health care. Still, there are few HRQL studies after intensive care of this patient group. Our hypothesis was that HRQL of COPD patients treated on the ICU declines rapidly with time.


METHODS
Fifty-one COPD patients (COPD-ICU group) with an ICU stay longer than 24 hours received a questionnaire at 6, 12 and 24 months after discharge from ICU. HRQL was measured using two generic instruments: the EuroQoL instrument (EQ-5D and EQ-VAS) and the Short Form 36 Health Survey (SF-36). The results were compared to HRQL of two reference groups from the general population; an age- and sex-adjusted reference population (Non-COPD reference) and a reference group with COPD (COPD reference).


RESULTS
HRQL of the COPD-ICU group at 6 months after discharge from ICU was lower compared to the COPD reference group: Median EQ-5D was 0.66 vs. 0.73, P = 0.08 and median EQ-VAS was 50 vs.55, P < 0.05. There were no significant differences in the SF-36 dimensions between the COPD-ICU and COPD-reference groups, although the difference in physical functioning (PF) approached statistical significance (P = 0.059). Patients in the COPD-ICU group who were lost to follow-up after 6 months had low HRQL scores at 6 months. Scores for patients who died were generally lower compared to patients who failed to respond to the questionnaire. The PF and social functioning (SF) scores in those who died were significantly lower compared to patients with a complete follow up. HRQL of patients in the COPD-ICU group that survived a complete 24 months follow up was low but stable with no statistically significant decline from 6 to 24 months after ICU discharge. Their HRQL at 24 months was not significantly different from HRQL in the COPD reference group.


CONCLUSIONS
HRQL in COPD survivors after intensive care was low but did not decline from 6 to 24 months after discharge from ICU. Furthermore, HRQL at 24 months was similar to patients with COPD who had not received ICU treatment.
A Component Based Programming Framework for Autonomic Applications

The emergence of pervasive wide-area distributed computing environments, such as pervasive information systems and computational Grids, has enabled new generations of applications that are based on seamless access, aggregation and interaction. However, the inherent complexity, heterogeneity and dynamism of these systems require a change in how the applications are developed and managed. In this paper we present a component-based programming framework to support the development of autonomic self-managed applications. The framework enables the development of autonomic components and the formulation of autonomic applications as the dynamic composition and management of autonomic components. The operation of the proposed framework is illustrated using a forest fire application.
Urbanization, Lifestyle Changes and the Nutrition Transition

Ð Broad shifts are occurring at a rapid pace in the structure of diet, physical activity patterns, and obesity patterns in urban areas in lower income countries. Examples from China and selected other countries along with pooled time-series and cross-sectional analysis of shifts in diet and occupation structure associated with urbanization are presented. Patterns of obesity from nationally representative surveys indicate that the problems of obesity and dietary excess represent an important challenge facing many lower income countries, particularly their urban populations. Ó 1999 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.
Improved solutions for the traveling purchaser problem

ÐThe traveling purchaser problem (TPP) is an interesting generalization of the well-known traveling salesman problem (TSP), in which a list of commodity items have to be purchased at some markets selling various commodities with dierent prices, and the total travel and purchase costs must be minimized. Applications include the purchase of raw materials for the manufacturing factories in which the total cost has to be minimized, and the scheduling of jobs over some machines with dierent set-up and job processing costs in which the total costs for completing the jobs has to be minimized. The TPP has been shown to be computationally intractable. Therefore, many heuristic solution procedures, including the Search algorithm, the Generalized-Savings algorithm, the Tour-Reduction algorithm, and the Commodity-Adding algorithm have been proposed to solve the TPP approximately. In this paper, we consider some variations of these algorithms to improve the solutions. The proposed variations are compared with the existing solution procedures. The results indicate that the proposed variations signi®cantly improve the existing solutions. # 1998 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved
Adjuvant radiotherapy after extrapleural pneumonectomy for mesothelioma. Prospective analysis of a multi-institutional series.

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE
To evaluate survival, locoregional control and toxicity in a series of 56 mesothelioma patients treated from May 2005 to May 2010 with post-operative radiotherapy after extrapleural pneumonectomy (EPP) in three Italian Institutions (Brescia, Florence, and Modena).


MATERIAL AND METHODS
Fifty-six patients treated with adjuvant radiotherapy (RT) after EPP were analyzed. Four patients were treated with 3DCRT, 50 with IMRT and two with helical tomotherapy. Forty-five to 50 Gy in 25 fractions were given to the affected hemithorax and to ipsilateral mediastinum, with a simultaneous integrated boost to the sites of microscopically involved margins up to 60 Gy in 20/56 cases.


RESULTS
Three year locoregional control (LRC), distant metastasis free (DMF), disease free (DF), disease specific (DSS) and overall survival (OS) rates are 90%, 66%, 57%, 62%, and 60%, respectively.


CONCLUSION
Postoperative RT with modern techniques is an effective method to obtain excellent local control and cure rates in mesothelioma patients submitted to EPP.
Prolonged Oral L-carnitine Substitution Increases Bicycle Ergometer Performance in Patients with Severe, Ischemically Induced Cardiac Insufficiency

Summary. Acute and chronic L-carnitine application exerts protective effects in a number of cardiac diseases. These favourable effects are attributed to improvements of the energy metabolism and have been found both in animal experiments and in man. In order to investigate the effect of long-time oral L-carnitine substitution on physical performance, 41 patients suffering from class NYHA II or III cardiac insufficiency were recruited for a clinical study. Following the double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled design of the study, 20 patients were given 3 × 1g L-carnitine daily for 120 days whereas the control group (21 patients) received placebo. Bicycle ergometer tests were used to determine maximum performance, systolic and diastolic blood pressure, heart rate, and ST changes. Four series of tests were carried out: on day 0 (before the first substrate application), on the 60th and the 120th day (during L-carnitine or placebo application), and on the 180th day (60 days after the end of substitution). A significant improvement in performance (significantly higher maximum performance during bicycle ergometry) could be found within the carnitine group on the 60th and 120th day of L-carnitine application; and haemodynamical parameters showed a tendency to improve, too. These effects, which were attributed to L-carnitine, could be detected even 60 days after the end of substitution. No corresponding changes were found in the placebo group. The findings presented in this paper support suggestions of other authors that L-carnitine in combination with the usual medication (digitalis, β-blockers, calcium antagonists, nitrates) improves performance and effort tolerance in patients with cardiac insufficiency. Moreover, the findings suggest a favourable long-term effect, which lasts beyond the actual L-carnitine application, on the performance of patients with advanced cardiac insufficiency.
Shoe-Mouse: an integrated intelligent shoe

In this paper, we developed a sensor-integrated shoe as an information acquisition platform to sense the foot motion. The system is small, portable and wearable. The platform is mainly composed of four parts including a sensing module, a computing module, a wireless communication module, and a data visualization module. Based on this platform, we developed a novel input device called Shoe-Mouse, which can be used by people who have difficulties in using their hands to operate computers or devices. We evaluated the performance of Shoe-Mouse, and the initial experimental results demonstrated the function. The platform can be also used for applications such as gait recognition, human identification, and motion monitoring.
Task and user effects on reading patterns in information search

0953-5438/$ see front matter 2011 Elsevier B.V. A doi:10.1016/j.intcom.2011.04.007 ⇑ Corresponding author. E-mail addresses: m.cole@rutgers.edu (M.J. Co (J. Gwizdka), changl@eden.rutgers.edu (C. Liu), ralf@b rutgers.edu (N.J. Belkin), xiangminz@gmail.com (X. Zh We report on an investigation into people’s behaviors on information search tasks, specifically the relation between eye movement patterns and task characteristics. We conducted two independent user studies (n = 32 and n = 40), one with journalism tasks and the other with genomics tasks. The tasks were constructed to represent information needs of these two different users groups and to vary in several dimensions according to a task classification scheme. For each participant we classified eye gaze data to construct models of their reading patterns. The reading models were analyzed with respect to the effect of task types and Web page types on reading eye movement patterns. We report on relationships between tasks and individual reading behaviors at the task and page level. Specifically we show that transitions between scanning and reading behavior in eye movement patterns and the amount of text processed may be an implicit indicator of the current task type facets. This may be useful in building user and task models that can be useful in personalization of information systems and so address design demands driven by increasingly complex user actions with information systems. One of the contributions of this research is a new methodology to model information search behavior and investigate information acquisition and cognitive processing in interactive information tasks. 2011 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
A Review of Several Optimization Problems Related to Security in Networked System

Security issues are becoming more and more important to acti vities of individuals, organizations and the society in our modern ne tworked computerized world. In this chapter we survey a few optimization framewor ks for problems related to security of various networked system such as the int erne or the power grid system.
An augmented reality training platform for assembly and maintenance skills

Training technicians to acquire newmaintenance and assembly skills is important for various industries. Becausemaintenance and assembly tasks can be very complex, training technicians to efficiently perform new skills is challenging. Training of this type can be supported by Augmented Reality, a powerful industrial training technology that directly links instructions on how to perform the service tasks to the machine parts that require processing. Because of the increasing complexity ofmaintenance tasks, it is not sufficient to train the technicians in task execution. Instead, techniciansmust be trained in the underlying skills—sensorimotor and cognitive—that are necessary for the efficient acquisition and performance of new maintenance operations. These facts illustrate the need for efficient training systems for maintenance and assembly skills that accelerate the technicians’ acquisition of new maintenance procedures. Furthermore, these systems should improve the adjustment of the training process for new training scenarios and enable the reuse of worthwhile existing training material. In this context, we have developed a novel concept and platform for multimodal Augmented Reality-based training of maintenance and assembly skills, which includes sub-skill training and the evaluation of the training system. Because procedural skills are considered as the most important skills for maintenance and assembly operations, we focus on these skills and the appropriate methods for improving them. © 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
Translating response during therapy into ultimate treatment outcome: a personalized 4-dimensional MRI tumor volumetric regression approach in cervical cancer.

PURPOSE
To assess individual volumetric tumor regression pattern in cervical cancer during therapy using serial four-dimensional MRI and to define the regression parameters' prognostic value validated with local control and survival correlation.


METHODS AND MATERIALS
One hundred and fifteen patients with Stage IB(2)-IVA cervical cancer treated with radiation therapy (RT) underwent serial MRI before (MRI 1) and during RT, at 2-2.5 weeks (MRI 2, at 20-25 Gy), and at 4-5 weeks (MRI 3, at 40-50 Gy). Eighty patients had a fourth MRI 1-2 months post-RT. Mean follow-up was 5.3 years. Tumor volume was measured by MRI-based three-dimensional volumetry, and plotted as dose(time)/volume regression curves. Volume regression parameters were correlated with local control, disease-specific, and overall survival.


RESULTS
Residual tumor volume, slope, and area under the regression curve correlated significantly with local control and survival. Residual volumes >or=20% at 40-50 Gy were independently associated with inferior 5-year local control (53% vs. 97%, p <0.001) and disease-specific survival rates (50% vs. 72%, p = 0.009) than smaller volumes. Patients with post-RT residual volumes >or=10% had 0% local control and 17% disease-specific survival, compared with 91% and 72% for <10% volume (p <0.001).


CONCLUSION
Using more accurate four-dimensional volumetric regression analysis, tumor response can now be directly translated into individual patients' outcome for clinical application. Our results define two temporal thresholds critically influencing local control and survival. In patients with >or=20% residual volume at 40-50 Gy and >or=10% post-RT, the risk for local failure and death are so high that aggressive intervention may be warranted.