LLukas22/scidocs huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of myocardial ischemia after surgical repair of anomalous aortic origin of a coronary artery in a series of pediatric patients.

OBJECTIVES
We sought to prospectively evaluate evidence of myocardial ischemia after surgical repair of anomalous aortic origin of a coronary artery with an interarterial course (AAOCA).


BACKGROUND
An AAOCA is a rare anomaly associated with increased myocardial ischemia and sudden death risk in children. Data evaluating ischemia after AAOCA repair are limited.


METHODS
We included children who underwent AAOCA surgery between October 2001 and December 2006. They were prospectively assessed with exercise stress test (EST), stress echocardiogram (SE), and stress myocardial perfusion scan (MPS).


RESULTS
Of 24 participating children, 15 (63%) were male, 16 (67%) had anomalous right coronary (ARCA), and 7 (29%) were asymptomatic. Median age was 12 (5 to 18) years; follow-up was 15 (2 to 48) months. All had unobstructed neo-coronary ostia by echocardiogram and were asymptomatic. One anomalous origin of left main coronary artery (ALCA) patient and 8 ARCA patients had post-operative evaluations suggestive of ischemia. The ALCA patient had reversible apical septal and mid-anteroseptal hypokinesis on SE. Of the ARCA patients, 2 had inferior ST-segment depression on EST; subsequently, 1 had normal tests, but the other developed anterolateral Q waves. Two patients had blunted blood pressure response with EST, 1 had fixed apical inferior hypokinesis on SE, 2 had reversible perfusion defects on MPS, and 1 had a fixed perfusion defect on MPS.


CONCLUSIONS
Subclinical changes suggestive of ischemia might occur despite patent neo-coronary ostia, notably after ARCA repair. The implication of these results on indication for surgery and subsequent sudden death risk is unknown. Serial EST, SE, and MPS are essential in evaluating ongoing ischemia risk after AAOCA repair.
Focal-Enhanced Gastritis in Regressive Autism with Features Distinct from Crohn's and Helicobacter Pylori Gastritis

BACKGROUND:Immunohistochemistry allowed recent recognition of a distinct focal gastritis in Crohn's disease. Following reports of lymphocytic colitis and small bowel enteropathy in children with regressive autism, we aimed to see whether similar changes were seen in the stomach. We thus studied gastric antral biopsies in 25 affected children, in comparison to 10 with Crohn's disease, 10 with Helicobacter pylori infection, and 10 histologically normal controls. All autistic, Crohn's, and normal patients were H. pylori negative.METHODS:Snap-frozen antral biopsies were stained for CD3, CD4, CD8, γδ T cells, HLA-DR, IgG, heparan sulphate proteoglycan, IgM, IgA, and C1q. Cell proliferation was assessed with Ki67.RESULTS:Distinct patterns of gastritis were seen in the disease states: diffuse, predominantly CD4+ infiltration in H. pylori, and focal-enhanced gastritis in Crohn's disease and autism, the latter distinguished by striking dominance of CD8+ cells, together with increased intraepithelial lymphocytes in surface, foveolar and glandular epithelium. Proliferation of foveolar epithelium was similarly increased in autism, Crohn's disease and H. pylori compared to controls. A striking finding, seen only in 20/25 autistic children, was colocalized deposition of IgG and C1q on the subepithelial basement membrane and the surface epithelium.CONCLUSIONS:These findings demonstrate a focal CD8-dominated gastritis in autistic children, with novel features. The lesion is distinct from the recently recognized focal gastritis of Crohn's disease, which is not CD8-dominated. As in the small intestine, there is epithelial deposition of IgG.
Wire bonding of Cu and Pd coated Cu wire: Bondability, reliability, and IMC formation

Wire bonding with bare Cu and Pd coated Cu (PdCu) wire have been adopted quickly as a mainstream packaging technology for high pin count and fine pitch devices. The differences between Au and Cu wire bonding are well understood as a result of extensive research. However, the differences between Cu and PdCu wire have not been investigated in as much detail. This paper is a result of collaborative work to study the wire bonding process using Cu wire and PdCu wire. 0.7 mil Cu and PdCu wires are used in the study with bonded ball diameter of about 33μm. This is the leading edge of fine pitch Cu wire bonding. This study showed that Cu and PdCu wire can be bonded with similar 1st bond parameters, and the bonding results for these two wire types are similar. Process window test results with respect to the ultrasonic level and force level showed that shear, ball size and pad splash are very similar between Cu wire and PdCu wire. 1st bond pull strength is about 11% higher with PdCu wire indicating higher PdCu wire tensile strength. The after bake pull test results are very different between the two wires. PdCu wire has much higher pad peeling failure rate than Cu wire and the peeling showed up after 24 hour bake at 175°C. The after bake pull strength is also much lower. The poor after bake results indicate that PdCu wire may need different bonding parameter settings than Cu wire. The effect of forming gas versus nitrogen should be examined as well. Second bond study showed the advantage of PdCu wire. The most significant difference is the tail pull strength. PdCu wire has 50% higher tail strength than Cu wire, indicating a more robust 2nd bond process and less chance for short tails. A deeper understanding of these and other differences will assist in the proper selection between these wire types. High resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM) with Energy Dispersive X-ray Spectrometer (EDX) studies show that the approximately 80 nm Pd coating dissolves into the Cu bulk during ball formation process, therefore, almost no Pd is present at the bond interface in the as-bonded state. However, Pd congregates and diffuses back to the bond interface, especially, a Pd-rich layer forms in the peripheral interface. The congregation of Pd near the bond interface appears to be detrimental to the bond strength, causing high peeling failure.
Term feedback for information retrieval with language models

In this paper we study term-based feedback for information retrieval in the language modeling approach. With term feedback a user directly judges the relevance of individual terms without interaction with feedback documents, taking full control of the query expansion process. We propose a cluster-based method for selecting terms to present to the user for judgment, as well as effective algorithms for constructing refined query language models from user term feedback. Our algorithms are shown to bring significant improvement in retrieval accuracy over a non-feedback baseline, and achieve comparable performance to relevance feedback. They are helpful even when there are no relevant documents in the top.
Sensitivity of PZT Impedance Sensors for Damage Detection of Concrete Structures

Piezoelectric ceramic Lead Zirconate Titanate (PZT) based electro-mechanicalimpedance (EMI) technique for structural health monitoring (SHM) has been successfullyapplied to various engineering systems. However, fundamental research work on thesensitivity of the PZT impedance sensors for damage detection is still in need. In thetraditional EMI method, the PZT electro-mechanical (EM) admittance (inverse of theimpedance) is used as damage indicator, which is difficult to specify the effect of damage onstructural properties. This paper uses the structural mechanical impedance (SMI) extractedfrom the PZT EM admittance signature as the damage indicator. A comparison study on thesensitivity of the EM admittance and the structural mechanical impedance to the damages ina concrete structure is conducted. Results show that the SMI is more sensitive to the damagethan the EM admittance thus a better indicator for damage detection. Furthermore, this paperproposes a dynamic system consisting of a number of single-degree-of-freedom elementswith mass, spring and damper components to model the SMI. A genetic algorithm isemployed to search for the optimal value of the unknown parameters in the dynamic system.An experiment is carried out on a two-storey concrete frame subjected to base vibrations thatsimulate earthquake. A number of PZT sensors are regularly arrayed and bonded to the framestructure to acquire PZT EM admittance signatures. The relationship between the damageindex and the distance of the PZT sensor from the damage is studied. Consequently, thesensitivity of the PZT sensors is discussed and their sensing region in concrete is derived.
Early Identification of Dyslexia: Understanding the Issues.

Purpose
The purpose of this tutorial is to provide an overview of the benefits and challenges associated with the early identification of dyslexia.


Method
The literature on the early identification of dyslexia is reviewed. Theoretical arguments and research evidence are summarized. An overview of response to intervention as a method of early identification is provided, and the benefits and challenges associated with it are discussed. Finally, the role of speech-language pathologists in the early identification process is addressed.


Conclusions
Early identification of dyslexia is crucial to ensure that children are able to maximize their educational potential, and speech-language pathologists are well placed to play a role in this process. However, early identification alone is not sufficient-difficulties with reading may persist or become apparent later in schooling. Therefore, continuing progress monitoring and access to suitable intervention programs are essential.
Device and operation mechanism for non-beacon IEEE802.15.4/Zigbee nodes running on harvested energy

The power supply is one of the main constraints when operating Wireless Sensor Networks (WSN). The most obvious energy source for a WSN node is a rechargeable or non-rechargeable battery. Batteries seriously limit WSNs usage and are associated to the increasing cost of large networks. Low cost networks will be achieved when battery consumption becomes substantially reduced or eliminated. Within this scope, powering WSN devices using mains power, is not an advantage since node installation requires complex and time consuming actions. Replacing batteries is therefore an important topic even in environments with mains power availability. In this paper, a battery-less device running an IEEE802.15.4/Zigbee protocol stack on harvested energy is proposed. Its operation mechanism and required software adaptation to sustain this complex protocol are described. The protocol compliant node uses a contact-less scavenger system that is able to power a WSN node from mains power lines thus providing an inexpensive and easily installable device even for nonskilled users. 2014 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
Phase diagram of the pairing symmetry in two-dimensional strong-coupling superconductors

Abstract Two-dimensional Eliashberg equations have been solved by use of a mixed interaction with s - and d -channels. It is discussed what kind of pairing symmetry of the superconducting state can be realized when the channel mixing parameters and the band-filling are varied. By changing the mixing parameters and varying the chemical potential μ between zero- and half-filling, the pairing symmetry is determined and summarized into a phase diagram of the symmetry. It is revealed that there is an effective threshold in μ for the appearance of the d -wave superconductivity regardless of the strength of the d -channel interaction. It is also shown that, although the s -wave superconductivity can occur for any value of μ if the s -channel interaction is mixed sufficiently, the d -wave superconductivity has the advantage of achieving a high- T c over the s -wave one, once it occurs.
Double cervix and vagina with septate uterus: an uncommon müllerian malformation.

BACKGROUND
The case of an unusual müllerian anomaly is described.


CASE
A nulligravida was found to have a septate uterus with double cervix and a vagina with partial longitudinal vaginal septum. The anomaly presented symptomatically, was suggested by clinical examination, and confirmed by magnetic resonance imaging and intraoperative visualization. Visualization of the anomaly was enhanced by magnetic resonance-based three-dimensional reconstruction techniques.


CONCLUSION
Description of double cervix and vagina in the setting of an anatomically normal or simple septate uterus is uncommon. This anomaly is inconsistent with the generally accepted understanding of müllerian development but fits with an alternative hypothesis. Magnetic resonance imaging and magnetic resonance-based three-dimensional reconstruction was useful in aiding visualization of the anomaly.
Keyword Suggestion Using Conceptual Graph Construction from Wikipedia Rich Documents

Conceptual graph is a graph in which nodes are concepts and the edges indicate the relationship between them. Creation of conceptual graphs is a hot topic in the area of knowledge discovery. Natural Language Processing (NLP) based conceptual graph creation is one of the efficient but costly methods in the field of information extraction. Compared to NLP based methods, Statistical methods have two advantages, namely, they are language independent and more computationally efficient. In this paper we present an efficient statistical method for creating a conceptual graph from a large document collection. The documents which are used in this paper are from Wikipedia collection because of their rich and valid content. Moreover, we use the final conceptual graph to suggest a list of similar keywords for each unique concept or combination of concepts. Also, we will show the viability of our approach by comparing its result to a similar system called the Wordy system.
Curcumin, An Atoxic Antioxidant and Natural NFκB, Cyclooxygenase-2, Lipooxygenase, and Inducible Nitric Oxide Synthase Inhibitor: A Shield Against Acute and Chronic Diseases.

BACKGROUND
The world suffers a tsunami of chronic diseases, and a typhoon of acute illnesses, many of which are associated with the inappropriate or exaggerated activation of genes involved in inflammation. Finding therapeutic agents which can modulate the inflammatory reaction is the highest priority in medical research today. Drugs developed by the pharmaceutical industry have thus far been associated with toxicity and side effects, which is why natural substances are of increasing interest.


METHODS
A literature search (PubMed) showed almost 1500 papers dealing with curcumin, most from recent years. All available abstracts were read. Approximately 300 full papers were reviewed.


RESULTS
Curcumin, a component of turmeric, has been shown to be non-toxic, to have antioxidant activity, and to inhibit such mediators of inflammation as NFκB, cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), lipooxygenase (LOX), and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS). Significant preventive and/or curative effects have been observed in experimental animal models of a number of diseases, including arteriosclerosis, cancer, diabetes, respiratory, hepatic, pancreatic, intestinal and gastric diseases, neurodegenerative and eye diseases.


CONCLUSIONS
Turmeric, an approved food additive, or its component curcumin, has shown surprisingly beneficial effects in experimental studies of acute and chronic diseases characterized by an exaggerated inflammatory reaction. There is ample evidence to support its clinical use, both as a prevention and a treatment. Several natural substances have greater antioxidant effects than conventional vitamins, including various polyphenols, flavonoids and curcumenoids. Natural substances are worth further exploration both experimentally and clinically.
Active coevolutionary learning of requirements specifications from examples

Within software engineering, requirements engineering starts from imprecise and vague user requirements descriptions and infers precise, formalized specifications. Techniques, such as interviewing by requirements engineers, are typically applied to identify the user's needs. We want to partially automate even this first step of requirements elicitation by methods of evolutionary computation. The idea is to enable users to specify their desired software by listing examples of behavioral descriptions. Users initially specify two lists of operation sequences, one with desired behaviors and one with forbidden behaviors. Then, we search for the appropriate formal software specification in the form of a deterministic finite automaton. We solve this problem known as grammatical inference with an active coevolutionary approach following Bongard and Lipson [2]. The coevolutionary process alternates between two phases: (A) additional training data is actively proposed by an evolutionary process and the user is interactively asked to label it; (B) appropriate automata are then evolved to solve this extended grammatical inference problem. Our approach leverages multi-objective evolution in both phases and outperforms the state-of-the-art technique [2] for input alphabet sizes of three and more, which are relevant to our problem domain of requirements specification.
Individual Endurance Training Prescription with Heart Rate Variability.

INTRODUCTION
Measures of HR variability (HRV) have shown potential to be of use in training prescription.


PURPOSE
The aim of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of using HRV in endurance training prescription.


METHODS
Forty recreational endurance runners were divided into the HRV-guided experimental training group (EXP) and traditional predefined training group (TRAD). After a 4-wk preparation training period, TRAD trained according to a predefined training program including two to three moderate- (MOD) and high-intensity training (HIT) sessions per week during an 8-wk intensive training period. The timing of MOD and HIT sessions in EXP was based on HRV, measured every morning. The MOD/HIT session was programmed if HRV was within an individually determined smallest worthwhile change. Otherwise, low-intensity training was performed. Maximal oxygen consumption (V˙O2max) and 3000-m running performance (RS3000m) were measured before and after both training periods.


RESULTS
The number of MOD and HIT sessions was significantly lower (P = 0.021, effect size = 0.98) in EXP (13.2 ± 6.0 sessions) compared with TRAD (17.7 ± 2.5 sessions). No other differences in training were found between the groups. RS3000m improved in EXP (2.1% ± 2.0%, P = 0.004) but not in TRAD (1.1% ± 2.7%, P = 0.118) during the intensive training period. A small between-group difference (effect size = 0.42) was found in the change in RS3000m. V˙O2max improved in both groups (EXP: 3.7% ± 4.6%, P = 0.027; TRAD: 5.0% ± 5.2%, P = 0.002).


CONCLUSION
The results of the present study suggest the potential of resting HRV to prescribe endurance training by individualizing the timing of vigorous training sessions.
ARBlocks: A Concept for a Dynamic Blocks Platform for Educational Activities

This paper describes the concept of a dynamic blocks platform, called ARBlocks, based on projective augmented reality and tangible user interfaces aiming educational activities. In it, the information is displayed by projectors, that exhibit the content only on the blocks using a projector calibration technique and the blocks are tracked through a frame marker. Despite the platform is still under development, some results regarding the frame marker tracking and the projection was achieved.
Semi-Quantitative Calculations of Primary Tumor Metabolic Activity Using F-18 FDG PET/CT as a Predictor of Survival in 92 Patients With High-Grade Bone or Soft Tissue Sarcoma

To assess the prognostic value of primary tumor metabolic activity in patients with high-grade bone sarcomas (BS) or soft tissue sarcomas (STS) using F-18 FDG PET/CT. A single-site, retrospective study including 92 patients with high-grade BS or STS. Pretreatment F-18 FDG PET/CT scan was performed. Clinical data were registered. Accuracy of maximum standardized uptake value of primary tumor (SUVmax) and tumor-to-background (T/B) uptake ratio as prognostic variables and identification of cut-off values to group patients were determined. Kaplan-Meier survival estimates and log-rank test were used to compare survival distributions. Prognostic variables were assessed using Cox proportional hazards regression analysis. Forty-one of 92 patients died during follow-up (45%). Average survival was 6.5 years (95% CI 5.8-7.3 years) and probability of 5-year survival was 52%. Accuracy of SUVmax and T/B uptake ratio as prognostic variables in all patients and during subgroup analysis of patients with STS was significant. No significant results for AUCs were registered in patients with BS. Surgery was independently prognostic for survival throughout multivariate regression analysis of all patients (P = 0.001, HR 3.84) and subgroup analysis (BS: P = 0.02, HR 11.62; STS: P = 0.005, HR 4.13). SUVmax was significant as prognostic variable in all patients (P = 0.02, HR 3.66) and in patients with STS (P = 0.007, HR 3.75). No significant results were demonstrated for T/B uptake ratio. Estimation of primary tumor metabolic activity with pretherapeutic SUVmax using F-18 FDG PET/CT demonstrates independent properties beyond histologic grading for prediction of survival in patients with high-grade STS, but not with high-grade BS.
Melatonin agonists in primary insomnia and depression-associated insomnia: Are they superior to sedative-hypnotics?

Current pharmacological treatment of insomnia involves the use of sedative-hypnotic benzodiazepine and non-benzodiazepine drugs. Although benzodiazepines improve sleep, their multiple adverse effects hamper their application. Adverse effects include impairment of memory and cognitive functions, next-day hangover and dependence. Non-benzodiazepines are effective for initiating sleep but are not as effective as benzodiazepines for improving sleep quality or efficiency. Furthermore, their prolonged use produces adverse effects similar to those observed with benzodiazepines. Inasmuch as insomnia may be associated with decreased nocturnal melatonin, administration of melatonin is a strategy that has been increasingly used for treating insomnia. Melatonin can be effective for improving sleep quality without the adverse effects associated with hypnotic-sedatives. Ramelteon, a synthetic analog of melatonin which has a longer half life and a stronger affinity for MT1 and MT2 melatonergic receptors, has been reportedly effective for initiating and improving sleep in both adult and elderly insomniacs without showing hangover, dependence, or cognitive impairment. Insomnia is also a major complaint among patients suffering from depressive disorders and is often aggravated by conventional antidepressants especially the specific serotonin reuptake inhibitors. The novel antidepressant agomelatine, a dual action agent with affinity for melatonin MT1 and MT2 receptors and 5-HT2c antagonistic properties, constitutes a new approach to the treatment of major depressive disorders. Agomelatine ameliorates the symptoms of depression and improves the quality and efficiency of sleep. Taken together, the evidence indicates that MT1/MT2 receptor agonists like ramelteon or agomelatine may be valuable pharmacological tools for insomnia and for depression-associated insomnia.