LLukas22/scidocs huggingface dataset:
Endurance Exercise as a Countermeasure for Aging

OBJECTIVE
We determined whether reduced insulin sensitivity, mitochondrial dysfunction, and other age-related dysfunctions are inevitable consequences of aging or secondary to physical inactivity.


RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS
Insulin sensitivity was measured by hyperinsulinemic-euglycemic clamp and ATP production in mitochondria isolated from vastus lateralis biopsies of 42 healthy sedentary and endurance-trained young (18-30 years old) and older (59-76 years old) subjects. Expression of proteins involved in fuel metabolism was measured by mass spectrometry. Citrate synthase activity, mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) abundance, and expression of nuclear-encoded transcription factors for mitochondrial biogenesis were measured. SIRT3, a mitochondrial sirtuin linked to lifespan-enhancing effects of caloric restriction, was measured by immunoblot.


RESULTS
Insulin-induced glucose disposal and suppression of endogenous glucose production were higher in the trained young and older subjects, but no age effect was noted. Age-related decline in mitochondrial oxidative capacity was absent in endurance-trained individuals. Although endurance-trained individuals exhibited higher expression of mitochondrial proteins, mtDNA, and mitochondrial transcription factors, there were persisting effects of age. SIRT3 expression was lower with age in sedentary but equally elevated regardless of age in endurance-trained individuals.


CONCLUSIONS
The results demonstrate that reduced insulin sensitivity is likely related to changes in adiposity and to physical inactivity rather than being an inevitable consequence of aging. The results also show that regular endurance exercise partly normalizes age-related mitochondrial dysfunction, although there are persisting effects of age on mtDNA abundance and expression of nuclear transcription factors and mitochondrial protein. Furthermore, exercise may promote longevity through pathways common to effects of caloric restriction.
Identifying malicious node using trust value in cluster based MANET (IMTVCM)

Ad hoc network is an autonomous collection of mobile nodes communicating over wireless links where the node scan communicate with each other in temporary manner with no centralized administration and in a dynamic topology that changes frequently. A malicious node can constantly report incorrect information to other nodes in the network, which can lead to whole network down. The proposed work identifying malicious node using trust value in cluster based MANET is used to detect the malicious node in cluster. The cluster formation process is realized by grouping nearby nodes to form a cluster. To every cluster, cluster head is assigned based on the energy of the nodes. The trust value calculation is used to find the behavior of the node. It is calculated by Cluster Member (CM), direct and indirect trust value. The trust value of the cluster member is maintained in the counter table. During the data transmission time, the Cluster Head (CH) monitors its cluster member behavior. When any misbehavior is monitored by cluster head means, it sends the request about that misbehaving node to its nearby node (NN) to get the direct trust value (DTV). And also CH sends the request to other cluster members about that misbehaving node. If that cluster members are having value about that misbehaving node means, it sends the indirect trust value to the CH. Otherwise cluster members ignores the request send by CH. The goal of the proposed work is identify the malicious nodes in the cluster using the trust values in effective manner. Simulation result in NS-2 accurately predicts the performance of proposed scheme in terms of cluster energy level analysis, routing performance, system performance under varying network conditions.
A Novel Direct Torque and Flux Control Method of Matrix Converter-Fed PMSM Drives

A novel direct torque and flux control strategy is proposed for matrix converter (MC)-based permanent-magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) drive systems. The proposed method allows the use of all MC switching states including the rotation vectors, and effectively controls input and output variables of the MC. Mapping relationships between MC output voltage vectors and change rates of motor torque and flux, and those between MC input current vectors and change rates of grid reactive charge are derived. Then, four enhanced switching tables are established by means of discretizing and averaging, in which changes of torque, flux and input reactive charge corresponding to all MC switching states can be shown explicitly. Based on the tables, an optimal selection of switching states can be achieved by the proposed method. Numerical simulations and experiments with a prototype are carried out. The results show good performance of the proposed method with small torque and flux ripples, low distortion input currents, and fast dynamic response.
Effects of curves on graph perception

Curves have long been used for graph visualization with increased popularity in recent years. Curves are mainly used for two purposes: one is to increase readability and the other is to enhance visual aesthetic pleasingness. Although curves can be visually pleasing, the introduction of curves in graph drawing does not increase readability automatically. Attempts have been made to investigate the usability of curved drawings. However, the results on the effect of curves per se on human graph comprehension has not been conclusive. This paper presents a user study that is to examine the effect of curves when they are introduced to remove crossings. Twenty-six participants were recruited to perform typical graph reading tasks. Task performance and user preference data were collected for analysis. The results indicate that curves can be a useful alternative when crossings are to be present in straight-line drawings. The findings of the study are also discussed along with some of our future research activities in this paper.
Turning the Tide: Curbing Deceptive Yelp Behaviors

The popularity and influence of reviews, make sites like Yelp ideal targets for malicious behaviors. We present Marco, a novel system that exploits the unique combination of social, spatial and temporal signals gleaned from Yelp, to detect venues whose ratings are impacted by fraudulent reviews. Marco increases the cost and complexity of attacks, by imposing a tradeoff on fraudsters, between their ability to impact venue ratings and their ability to remain undetected. We contribute a new dataset to the community, which consists of both ground truth and gold standard data. We show that Marco significantly outperforms state-of-the-art approaches, by achieving 94% accuracy in classifying reviews as fraudulent or genuine, and 95.8% accuracy in classifying venues as deceptive or legitimate. Marco successfully flagged 244 deceptive venues from our large dataset with 7,435 venues, 270,121 reviews and 195,417 users. Among the San Francisco car repair and moving companies that we analyzed, almost 10% exhibit fraudulent behaviors.
Toward "Pseudo-Haptic Avatars": Modifying the Visual Animation of Self-Avatar Can Simulate the Perception of Weight Lifting

In this paper we study how the visual animation of a self-avatar can be artificially modified in real-time in order to generate different haptic perceptions. In our experimental setup, participants could watch their self-avatar in a virtual environment in mirror mode while performing a weight lifting task. Users could map their gestures on the self-animated avatar in real-time using a Kinect. We introduce three kinds of modification of the visual animation of the self-avatar according to the effort delivered by the virtual avatar: 1) changes on the spatial mapping between the user's gestures and the avatar, 2) different motion profiles of the animation, and 3) changes in the posture of the avatar (upper-body inclination). The experimental task consisted of a weight lifting task in which participants had to order four virtual dumbbells according to their virtual weight. The user had to lift each virtual dumbbells by means of a tangible stick, the animation of the avatar was modulated according to the virtual weight of the dumbbell. The results showed that the altering the spatial mapping delivered the best performance. Nevertheless, participants globally appreciated all the different visual effects. Our results pave the way to the exploitation of such novel techniques in various VR applications such as sport training, exercise games, or industrial training scenarios in single or collaborative mode.
B-spline signal processing. II. Efficiency design and applications

This paper describes a class of recursive filtering algorithms for the efficient implementation of B-spline interpolation and approximation techniques. In terms of simplicity of realization and reduction of computational complexity, these algorithms compare favorably with conventional matrix approaches. A filtering interpretation (low-pass filter followed by an exact polynomial spline interpolator) of smoothing spline and least squares approximation methods is proposed. These techniques are applied to the design of digital filters for cubic spline signal processing. An efficient implementation of a smoothing spline edge detector is proposed. It is also shown how to construct a cubic spline image pyramid that minimizes the loss of information in passage from one resolution level to the next. In terms of common measures of fidelity (e.g., visual quality, SNR), this data structure appears to be superior to the widely used Gaussian/Laplacian pyramid.
Clinical leadership in contemporary clinical practice: implications for nursing in Australia.

BACKGROUND
Leadership in the clinical practice environment is important to ensure both optimal patient outcomes and successive generations of motivated and enthusiastic clinicians.


AIM
The present paper seeks to define and describe clinical leadership and identify the facilitators and barriers to clinical leadership. We also describe strategies to develop clinical leaders in Australia. Key drivers to the development of nursing leaders are strategies that recognize and value clinical expertise. These include models of care that highlight the importance of the nursing role; evidence-based practice and measurement of clinical outcomes; strategies to empower clinicians and mechanisms to ensure participation in clinical decision-making.


KEY ISSUES
Significant barriers to clinical leadership are organizational structures that preclude nurses from clinical decision making; the national shortage of nurses; fiscal constraints; absence of well evaluated models of care and trends towards less skilled clinicians.


CONCLUSIONS
Systematic, strategic initiatives are required to nurture and develop clinical leaders. These strategies need to be collegial collaborations between the academic and health care sectors in order to provide a united voice for advancing the nursing profession.
Economics Reform and Wage Differentials in Latin America

This paper presents a new approach for exploring the relation between the implementation of economic reforms and wage differentials. It is applied to a new high quality database that includes 18 Latin American countries. The results indicate that reforms overall have had a short-run disequalizing effect of expanding wage differentials, although this effect tends to fade away over time. This disequalizing effect is due to the strong impact of domestic financial market reform, capital account liberalization and tax reform. On the other hand, privatization contributed to narrowing wage differentials and trade openness had no effect on wage differentials. Technological progress, rather than trade flows, appears to be a channel through which reforms are affecting inequality. The paper also explores the effects of reforms on wage levels; tentative results suggest that reforms have had a positive effect on real wages.
High heat flux two-phase cooling of electronics with integrated diamond/porous copper heat sinks and microfluidic coolant supply

We here present an approach to cooling of electronics requiring dissipation of extreme heat fluxes exceeding 1 kW/cm2 over ~1 cm2 areas. The approach applies a combination of heat spreading using laser micromachined diamond heat sinks; evaporation/boiling in fine featured (5 μm) conformal porous copper coatings; microfluidic liquid routing for uniform coolant supply over the surface of the heat sink; and phase separation to control distribution of liquid and vapor phases. We characterize the performance of these technologies independently and integrated into functional devices. We report two-phase heat transfer performance of diamond/porous copper heat sinks with microfluidic manifolding at full device scales (0.7 cm2) with heat fluxes exceeding 1300 W/cm2 using water working fluid. We further show application of hydrophobic phase separation membranes for phase management with heat dissipation exceeding 450 W/cm2 at the scale of a single extended surface (~300 μm).
Network neutrality on the Internet: A two-sided market analysis

We discuss network neutrality regulation of the Internet in the context of a two-sided market model. Platforms sell broadband Internet access services to residential consumers and may set fees to content and application providers on the Internet. When access is monopolized, cross-group externalities (network effects) can give a rationale for network neutrality regulation (requiring zero fees to content providers): there exist parameter ranges for which network neutrality regulation increases the total surplus compared to the fully private optimum at which the monopoly platform imposes positive fees on content providers. However, for other parameter values, network neutrality regulation can decrease total surplus. Extending the model to a duopoly of residential broadband ISPs, we again find parameter values such that network neutrality regulation increases total surplus suggesting that network neutrality regulation could be warranted even when some competition is present. 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
Impact of immature platelets on platelet response to ticagrelor and prasugrel in patients with acute coronary syndrome.

AIMS
The influence of reticulated platelets (RPs) on platelet inhibition by ticagrelor when compared with prasugrel is unknown. We aimed to determine the influence of RPs on adenosine diphosphate- (ADP-) induced platelet aggregation in patients with acute coronary syndrome who were randomly assigned to receive either ticagrelor or prasugrel for P2Y12 receptor inhibition.


METHODS AND RESULTS
One hundred and twenty-four patients were prospectively enrolled. The immature platelet fraction (IPF) was measured by an automated haematoanalyzer and platelet aggregation was assessed by multiple electrode aggregometry. In a subgroup of patients (n = 28) ADP-induced P-selectin expression was measured in dependence of the time point of study drug intake in RPs that were discriminated from mature platelets by thiazole-orange (TO) staining. The primary endpoint was the correlation of platelet aggregation and IPF in ticagrelor- vs. prasugrel-treated patients. Platelet aggregation significantly correlated with IPF in patients who received prasugrel (r = 0.41, P < 0.001). In contrast, no correlation between IPF and platelet aggregation was observed in ticagrelor-treated patients (r = 0.08, P = 0.51, P for difference of correlation coefficients P = 0.05). Within the TO-positive RP fraction, P-selectin expression was significantly higher in prasugrel when compared with ticagrelor-treated individuals (prasugrel 18.6 ± 16.0% vs. ticagrelor 11.5 ± 6.0%, P = 0.047). A time-dependent P-selectin expression was observed in prasugrel but not in ticagrelor-treated patients (prasugrel early 11.9 ± 9.4% vs. late 26.3 ± 19.0%, P = 0.031, ticagrelor early 9.6 ± 4.9% vs. late 13.5 ± 6.6%, P = 0.127).


CONCLUSION
Reticulated platelets show a greater impact on platelet reactivity in response to prasugrel when compared with ticagrelor.
Correction to “Maximum Likelihood PSD Estimation for Speech Enhancement in Reverberation and Noise”

Presents corrections to the paper, "A Novel Approach Based on Marine Radar Data Analysis for High-Resolution Bathymetry Map Generation."
Penile fracture - experience in 56 cases.

OBJECTIVE
The aim of this work is to report the diagnostic and therapeutic options for 55 patients with clinical diagnosis of penile fracture.


MATERIAL AND METHODS
The patients were retrospectively assessed between 1982 and 2002. The primary diagnostic evaluation method for 55 patients (56 fractures) was clinical history and physical exam. Ten (17.8%) cases required complementary exams. Ultrasound (US) was performed in 2 cases, and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in 1 case. Retrograde urethrocystogram was performed in suspicious urethral injury, which happened for 7 patients.


RESULTS
Of 56 assessed cases, 49 (89.5%) were submitted to surgical exploration, and only 7 were conservatively conducted. Surgical treatment was performed in 48 patients (49 fractures), in these cases, 47 (95.9%) presented tunica albuginea disruption and solely 2 (4.1%) evidenced lesion of dorsal vein. Ultrasonography confirmed disruption of tunica albuginea in 1 (50%) case, and in the other it was not possible to determinate the origin of the lesion, and the patient was submitted to surgical exploration, which confirmed the condition. MRI was used only in 1 case, confirming the lesion. Among 7 patients submitted to conservative management, until now, 3 (42.8%) required surgical intervention to correct penile chordee.


CONCLUSIONS
Penile fracture is an entity of eminently clinical diagnosis, which management should be surgical and immediate, avoiding thus complications related to erectile dysfunction. When suspecting an associated urethral injury, Urethrocystogram is recommended. In cases where there is diagnostic uncertainty, ultrasound and/or MRI may be used to reveal the condition.
Learning to rank for hybrid recommendation

Most existing recommender systems can be classified into two categories: collaborative filtering and content-based filtering. Hybrid recommender systems combine the advantages of the two for improved recommendation performance. Traditional recommender systems are rating-based. However, predicting ratings is an intermediate step towards their ultimate goal of generating rankings or recommendation lists. Learning to rank is an established means of predicting rankings and has recently demonstrated high promise in improving quality of recommendations. In this paper, we propose LRHR, the first attempt that adapts learning to rank to hybrid recommender systems. LRHR first defines novel representations for both users and items so that they can be content-comparable. Then, LRHR identifies a set of novel meta-level features for learning purposes. Finally, LRHR adopts RankSVM, a pairwise learning to rank algorithm, to generate recommendation lists of items for users. Extensive experiments on benchmarks in comparison with the state-of-the-art algorithms demonstrate the performance gain of our approach.
Reduction of operator radiation dose by a pelvic lead shield during cardiac catheterization by radial access: comparison with femoral access.

OBJECTIVES
This study sought to determine the efficacy of patient pelvic lead shielding for the reduction of operator radiation exposure during cardiac catheterization via the radial access in comparison with the femoral access.


BACKGROUND
Cardiac catheterization via the radial access is associated with significantly increased radiation dose to the patient and the operator. Improvements in radiation protection are needed to minimize this drawback. Pelvic lead shielding has the potential to reduce operator radiation dose.


METHODS
We randomly assigned 210 patients undergoing elective coronary angiography by the same operator to a radial and femoral access with and without pelvic lead shielding of the patient. Operator radiation dose was measured by a radiation dosimeter attached to the outside breast pocket of the lead apron.


RESULTS
For radial access, operator dose decreased from 20.9 ± 13.8 μSv to 9.0 ± 5.4 μSv, p < 0.0001 with pelvic lead shielding. For femoral access, it decreased from 15.3 ± 10.4 μSv to 2.9 ± 2.7 μSv, p < 0.0001. Pelvic lead shielding significantly decreased the dose-area product-normalized operator dose (operator dose divided by the dose-area product) by the same amount for radial and femoral access (0.94 ± 0.28 to 0.39 ± 0.19 μSv × Gy(-1) × cm(-2) and 0.70 ± 0.26 to 0.16 ± 0.13 μSv × Gy(-1) × cm(-2), respectively).


CONCLUSIONS
Pelvic lead shielding is highly effective in reducing operator radiation exposure for radial as well as femoral procedures. However, despite its use, radial access remains associated with a higher operator radiation dose.
Paving the Way to eGovernment Transformation: Interoperability Registry Infrastructure Development

During the last decades eGovernment has been a vivid, dynamic research and development area. As services are being transformed, electronic documents and web services appear every day in many countries, the involved stakeholders are in urgent need for an instrument to structure governmental administration processes, service composition and provision in a way that eGovernment transformation can be constantly managed. This paper presents the creation of an eGovernment ontology, and the development of a knowledgebased registry of governmental services in Greece. This Registry is an advanced web portal, devoted to the formal description, composition and publishing of traditional, electronic and web services, including the relevant electronic documents, information systems and as well the process descriptions and the work-flow models in an integrated knowledge base. Through such a repository, the discovery of services by users or systems has been automated, resulting in an important tool for achieving interoperable eGovernment transformation.
Down syndrome and Alzheimer disease: response to donepezil.

BACKGROUND
Individuals with Down syndrome who develop Alzheimer disease may show an improvement in cognitive functioning after treatment with acetylcholinesterase inhibitors.


OBJECTIVE
To determine whether individuals with Down syndrome and Alzheimer disease will show improvement after institution of donepezil treatment.


DESIGN
A nonrandomized controlled trial using donepezil in a pilot study format.


SETTING
Academic medical center.


PATIENTS
Convenience sample of 6 treated patients with Down syndrome and 9 closely matched historical control subjects.


INTERVENTION
Oral administration of donepezil for a 5-month period.


PRIMARY OUTCOME MEASURE
The Down Syndrome Dementia Scale.


RESULTS
Significant improvement in dementia scores for the treated group during a 3- to 5-month period (P =.03).


CONCLUSIONS
Acetylcholinesterase inhibitors may be helpful in reversing the symptoms of dementia during early and middle stages of cognitive decline. These findings support the rationale for a more extensive study of the efficacy of acetylcholinesterase inhibitors in Down syndrome dementia.