LLukas22/scidocs huggingface dataset:
Natural history of early chronic lymphocytic leukemia. A single institution study with emphasis on the impact of disease-progression on overall survival.

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE
Criteria for identifying patients with early chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) who are likely to progress to a more advanced clinical stage rely on results of prospective clinical trials. Is not clear whether these same criteria apply to patients followed-up in the setting of clinical practice. With the aim of addressing this issue we investigated the clinical outcome of a series of patients with Binet stage A CLL.


DESIGN AND METHODS
Two hundred and four Binet stage A CLL patients observed at a single institution over an 18-year period form the basis of this study. Different proposals for subclassifying Binet stage A were validated by using our patients as test-set cases.


RESULTS
The survival of patients with early CLL (i.e., Binet stage A and Rai stage 0) was significantly different from that of an age- and sex-matched population. Three of 4 different criteria for subclassifying stage A (Rai substaging, Montserrat criteria, French Group proposal), when applied to our patients, gave similar results in terms of sample size, death rate and disease progression (DP) risk. The French Group proposal, based exclusively on blood counts and hemoglobin levels, was not effective in predicting the risk of DP. Forty-nine (23.5%) patients progressed to a more advanced clinical stage (30 to stage B and 19 to stage C); the risk of DP was 32.8% at 5 years and 49.6% at 10 years. When analyzed as a time-dependent variable (Mantel-Byar method), DP had a clear cut-impact on overall survival (p < 0.0001). Finally, outlook for survival of patients who experienced a change of clinical stage was similar to that of patients in that stage at the time of diagnosis.


INTERPRETATION AND CONCLUSIONS
As many patients are now being diagnosed while asymptomatic and at a younger age than previously, an accurate evaluation of prognosis is mandatory in early CLL. How prognostic information translates into a policy of early or delayed therapy is still unclear. Our results further support a conservative approach for CLL in early stage; patients who progress into a more advanced stage have similar survival to those in that stage at diagnosis.
A 1.2V 10µW NPN-based temperature sensor in 65nm CMOS with an inaccuracy of ±0.2°C (3s) from −70°C to 125°C

This paper describes a temperature sensor realized in a 65nm CMOS process with a batch-calibrated inaccuracy of ±0.5°C (3s) and a trimmed inaccuracy of ±0.2°C (3s) from −70°C to 125°C. This represents a 10-fold improvement in accuracy compared to other deep-submicron temperature sensors [1,2], and is comparable with that of state-of-the-art sensors implemented in larger-feature-size processes [3,4]. The sensor draws 8.3µA from a 1.2V supply and occupies an area of 0.1mm2, which is 45 times less than that of sensors with comparable accuracy [3,4]. These advances are enabled by the use of NPN transistors as sensing elements, the use of dynamic techniques i.e. correlated double sampling (CDS) and dynamic element matching (DEM), and a single room-temperature trim.
A statistical model for angle of arrival in indoor multipath propagation

Multiple antenna systems are a useful way of overcoming the effects of multipath interference, and can allow more efficient use of spectrum. In order to test the effectiveness of various algorithms such as diversity combining, phased array processing, and adaptive array processing in an indoor environment, a channel model is needed which models both the time and angle of arrival in indoor environments. Some data has been collected indoors and some temporal models have been proposed, but no existing model accounts for both time and angle of arrival. This paper discusses existing models for the time of arrival, experimental data that were collected indoors, and a proposed extension of the Saleh-Valenzuela model [1], which accounts for the angle of arrival. Model parameters measured in two different buildings are compared with the parameters presented in the paper by Saleh and Valenzuela, and some statistical validation of the model is presented.
Thyroid scintigraphy in detecting dual ectopic thyroid: A review

Dear Sir, The thyroid gland is the first endocrine gland to develop during embryogenesis on approximately 24th day of gestation. The developing thyroid is anatomically related to the developing heart, and it is pulled caudally to its definitive location in the anterior neck with the descent of heart. The thyroid completes its descent on reaching anterior to the trachea in the lower neck in the seventh gestational week. The development defects or aberrant migration of the thyroid descent will lead to ectopy of the thyroid. The Foxe 1 mutation is also shown to be associated with molecular pathology of ectopic thyroid in mouse models; however, till date, no known gene for human ectopic thyroid has been demonstrated [1]. An ectopic thyroid gland may occur anywhere along the path of initial descent of the thyroid. The most commonly found ectopic thyroid tissue is at the base of the tongue, i.e. lingual thyroid, which accounts for 90% of the reported cases. Other rare sites for ectopic thyroid are the sublingual, cervical, mediastinal, intracardiac and abdomen [2]. Most of the times, ectopic thyroid might be the only functioning thyroid tissue. Ectopic thyroid is a rare anomaly. It is further uncommon for two distinct ectopic thyroid tissues to be present simultaneously. The web search of Pubmed in English literature revealed only 26 cases of dual ectopic thyroid so far. In this letter, we describe a patient of dual ectopic thyroid where the Tc-pertechnetate thyroid scan clinched the diagnosis and led to correct management. The literature available on dual ectopic thyroid tissue is also being discussed. A 7-year-old girl presented with history of progressive midline swelling of the neck for 1 year. There was no history of pain, fever, pressure or obstructive symptoms and change in voice. Patient did not have any feature of hypo-thyroidism or hyper-thyroidism. Local examination revealed a midline neck swelling of 1.5×1 cm in size, soft in consistency, non-translucent in nature, which moved on tongue protrusion and swallowing. The oral examination showed another small irregular swelling of about 1 cm size near the base of the tongue, which was soft to firm on touch and non-tender (Fig. 1). Her thyroid function tests were suggestive of sub-clinical hypo-thyroidism with value of T3—75 ng/dL (normal=75–210), T4—4.30 μg/dL (normal=4–11) and thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH)— 17.88 μIU/mL (normal=0.55–5.0). Based on clinical and biochemical examination, a diagnosis of ectopic thyroid was made, and the patient was referred for thyroid scan for confirmation. The thyroid Tc-pertechnetate scan demonstrated two distinct focal areas of radiotracer uptake in the sublingual and subhyoid region and no uptake in region of the thyroid bed (arrows; Fig. 2). A final diagnosis of dual ectopic thyroid was made based on thyroid scan findings. Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging (2008) 35:843–846 DOI 10.1007/s00259-007-0672-2
Changes to the school food and physical activity environment after guideline implementation in British Columbia, Canada

BACKGROUND
High rates of childhood obesity have generated interest among policy makers to improve the school food environment and increase students' levels of physical activity. The purpose of this study was to examine school-level changes associated with implementation of the Food and Beverage Sales in Schools (FBSS) and Daily Physical Activity (DPA) guidelines in British Columbia, Canada.


METHODS
Elementary and middle/high school principals completed a survey on the school food and physical activity environment in 2007-08 (N=513) and 2011-12 (N=490). Hierarchical mixed effects regression was used to examine changes in: 1) availability of food and beverages; 2) minutes per day of Physical Education (PE); 3) delivery method of PE; and 4) school community support. Models controlled for school enrollment and community type, education and income.


RESULTS
After policy implementation was expected, more elementary schools provided access to fruits and vegetables and less to 100% fruit juice. Fewer middle/high schools provided access to sugar-sweetened beverages, French fries, baked goods, salty snacks and chocolate/candy. Schools were more likely to meet 150 min/week of PE for grade 6 students, and offer more minutes of PE per week for grade 8 and 10 students including changes to PE delivery method. School community support for nutrition and physical activity policies increased over time.


CONCLUSION
Positive changes to the school food environment occurred after schools were expected to implement the FBSS and DPA guidelines. Reported changes to the school environment are encouraging and provide support for guidelines and policies that focus on increasing healthy eating and physical activity in schools.
Relay Attacks on Secure Element-Enabled Mobile Devices - Virtual Pickpocketing Revisited

Near Field Communication’s card emulation mode is a way to combine smartcards with a mobile phone. Relay attack scenarios are well-known for contactless smartcards. In the past, relay attacks have only been considered for the case, where an attacker has physical proximity to an NFC-enabled mobile phone. However, a mobile phone introduces a significantly di↵erent threat vector. A mobile phone’s permanent connectivity to a global network and the possibility to install arbitrary applications permit a significantly improved relay scenario. This paper presents a relay attack scenario where the attacker no longer needs physical proximity to the phone. Instead, simple relay software needs to be distributed to victims’ mobile devices. This publication describes this relay attack scenario in detail and assesses its feasibility based on measurement results.
A Selfie is Worth a Thousand Words: Mining Personal Patterns behind User Selfie-posting Behaviours

Selfies have become increasingly fashionable in the social media era. People are willing to share their selfies in various social media platforms such as Facebook, Instagram and Flicker. The popularity of selfie have caught researchers’ attention, especially psychologists. In computer vision and machine learning areas, little attention has been paid to this phenomenon as a valuable data source. In this paper, we focus on exploring the deeper personal patterns behind people’s different kinds of selfie-posting behaviours. We develop this work based on a dataset of WeChat, one of the most extensively used instant messaging platform in China. In particular, we first propose an unsupervised approach to classify the images posted by users. Based on the classification result, we construct three types of user-level features that reflect user preference, activity and posting habit. Based on these features, for a series of selfie related tasks, we build classifiers that can accurately predict two sets of users with opposite selfie-posting behaviours. We have found that people’s interest, activity and posting habit have a great influence on their selfie-posting behaviours. Taking selfie frequency as an example, the classification accuracy between selfie-posting addict and nonaddict can reach 89.36%. We also prove that using user’s image information to predict these behaviours achieve better performance than using text information. More importantly, for each set of users with a specific selfie-posting behaviour, we extract and visualize significant personal patterns about them. In addition, to concisely construct the relation between personal pattern and selfie-posting behaviour, we cluster users and extract their high-level attributes, revealing the correlation between these attributes and users’ selfie-posting behaviours. In the end, we demonstrate that users’ selfie-posting behaviour, as a good predictor, could predict their different preferences toward these high-level attributes accurately. c ©2017 International World Wide Web Conference Committee (IW3C2), published under Creative Commons CC BY 4.0 License. WWW 2017 Companion, April 3–7, 2017, Perth, Australia. ACM 978-1-4503-4914-7/17/04. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3041021.3054142
The Family Gap in Pay: Evidence from Seven Industrialised Countries

All rights reserved. Short sections of text, not to exceed two paragraphs, may be quoted without explicit permission provided that full credit, including  notice, is given to the source. Acknowledgements We are grateful to Tim Smeeding and Koen Vleminckx for their help with the Luxembourg Income Study data and to Anders Bjorklund and Johan Fritzell for their help with the Swedish data. Jane Waldfogel also gratefully acknowledges funding support from the William T. Grant Abstract In this paper we use microdata on employment and earnings from a variety of industrialised countries to investigate the family gap in pay – the differential in hourly wages between women with children and women without children. We present results from seven countries: Finland, and Sweden. We find that there is a good deal of variation across our sample countries in the effects of children on women's employment. We also find large differences in the effects of children on women's hourly wages even after controlling for differences between women with children and women without children in characteristics such as age and education. Among the seven countries we study here, the United Kingdom displays the largest wage penalties to children. The family gap in pay is larger in the U.K. than in other countries because of the higher propensity of U.K. mothers to work in low-paid part-time jobs but also because even among full-timers, women with children in the U.K. are lower paid relative to other women than are mothers in other countries. Why does the family gap in pay vary so much across countries? We find that the variation in the family gap in pay across countries is not primarily due to differential selection into employment or to differences in wage structure. We therefore suggest that future research should examine the impact of family policies such as maternity leave and child care on the family gap in pay.
On Using Priority Inheritance In Real-Time Databases

Due to resource sharing among tasks, priority inversion can occur during prioritydriven preemptive scheduling. In this work, we investigate solutions to the priority inversion problem in a real-time database environment where two-phase locking is employed for concurrency control. We examine two basic schemes for addressing the priority inversion problem, one based on priority inheritance and the other based on priority abort. We also study a new scheme, called conditional priority inheritance, which attempts to capitalize on the advantages of each of the two basic schemes. In contrast with previous results obtained in real-time operating systems, our performance studies, conducted on an actual real-time database testbed, indicate that the basic priority inheritance protocol is inappropriate for solving the priority inversion problem in realtime database systems. We also show that the conditional priority inheritance scheme and the priority abort scheme perform well for a wide range of system workloads.
Model for blood collections management.

BACKGROUND
A typical blood bank gets its major supply of blood from organizing blood donation camps. The quantity of blood collected in the blood donation drives is random and it might be sensible to cut off the supply at some level to reduce the wastages by overcollection.


STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS
In this paper we introduce two new cutoff level policies and compare their performance with the policy of collecting all the available supply at blood collection drives, which is quite prevalent among the blood banks. We develop a simulation model for collection that enables such comparison on the basis of shortages, wastages, and total costs.


RESULTS AND CONCLUSION
The results obtained from the simulation model for a real-life situation show that the cutoff level policies are better than the unrestricted collection policy in controlling total costs. They also result in less wastage in the system for a given level of shortages.
Myiasis in Travelers.

BACKGROUND
Cutaneous myiasis is a well-established diagnosis in returning travelers from tropical countries. The most common form of myiasis seen in this population is localized furuncular myiasis caused by Dermatobia hominis and Cordylobia anthropophaga. There are limited data on the disease course and outcome in travelers to tropical countries.


METHODS
A retrospective observational study of patients who presented with myiasis was conducted between 1999 and July 2014 in the post-travel clinics in Israel. Data regarding exposure history, travel duration, clinical presentation, treatment, and parasitological identification were collected and analyzed.


RESULTS
Among 6,867 ill returning Israeli travelers, 1,419 (21%) had a dermatologic complaint, 90 (6.3%) of them were diagnosed with myiasis. Myiasis was acquired in Latin America by 72 (80%) patients, mainly (54%) in the Madidi National Park, Amazonas Basin, Bolivia; 18 cases (20%) were acquired in Africa. In 76% of cases, manual extraction was sufficient to remove the larva; 24% required surgical intervention. Despite the fact that most patients did not receive antibiotic treatment, only one developed secondary infection, upon partial removal of the larva.


CONCLUSIONS
This is the largest myiasis case series in ill returning travelers. Myiasis is not a rare dermatologic complaint with most Israeli cases imported from Latin America and specifically the Madidi National Park in Bolivia. Treatment is based on full extraction of the larva after which no antibiotic treatment is needed. Myiasis is a preventable disease and travelers should be informed of the different preventive measures according to their travel destination.
A Conceptual Framework for Data Cleansing - A Novel Approach to Support the Cleansing Process

Data errors occur in various ways when data is transferred from one point to the other. These data errors occur not necessarily from the formation/insertion of data but are developed and transformed when transferred from one process to another along the information chain within the data warehouse infrastructure. The main focus for this study is to conceptualize the data cleansing process from data acquisition to data maintenance. Data Cleansing is an activity involving a process of detecting and correcting the errors and inconsistencies in data warehouse. Poor data or &quot;dirty data&quot; requires cleansing before it can be useful to organizations. Data cleansing therefore deals with identification of corrupt and duplicate data inherent in the data sets of a data warehouse to enhance the quality of data. The research was directed at investigating some existing approaches and frameworks to data cleansing. The research attempted to solve the gaps identified in some data cleansing approaches and came up with a conceptual framework to overcome the weaknesses which were identified in those frameworks and approaches. This novel conceptual framework considered the data cleansing process from the point of data is obtained to the point of maintaining the data using a periodic automatic cleansing approach.
Response distortion in personality measurement: born to deceive, yet capable of providing valid self-assessments?

This introductory article to the special issue of Psychology Science devoted to the subject of “Considering Response Distortion in Personality Measurement for Industrial, Work and Organizational Psychology Research and Practice” presents an overview of the issues of response distortion in personality measurement. It also provides a summary of the other articles published as part of this special issue addressing social desirability, impression management, self-presentation, response distortion, and faking in personality measurement in industrial, work, and organizational settings.
International Zapatismo: The Construction of Solidarity in the Age of Globalization

1. Introduction: The Transnational Zapatista Solidarity Network 1.1. Mapping the 'Invisible Continent': Questions and Levels of Analysis 1.2. Explanatory Threads in the Literature: Subjective, Systemic, and Technological Approaches to Research Question 1.3. Weaving the Explanatory Threads Together: An Outline of the Theoretical Argument in Relation to Research Question 1.4. Studying the Transnational Zapatista Solidarity Network: Issues of Methodology and Dissertation Structure 1.5. Synthesis of the Discussions 2. Theorizing Transnational Framing 2.1. Social Constructionist Theory in the Study of Social Movements 2.2. The Transnational Framing Process: Facilitative Conditions 2.3. Transnational Counterpublics: The Social Terrain of Informal Transnational Movement Networks 2.4. Synthesis of the Discussions 3. The Infrastructure of the Transnational Zapatista Solidarity Network 3.1. The 'Putty' Holding the Transnational Zapatista Solidarity Network Together: The Computer Mediated Circulation of Information 3.2. Face-to-Face Encounters: The Reciprocity of the Physical and Mediated Aspects of the Transnational Zapatista Solidarity Network 3.3. Node of Special Influence: The EZLN in the Infrastructure of the Transnational Zapatista Solidarity Network 3.4. Synthesis of the Discussions 4. The Activities of the Transnational Zapatista Solidarity Network 4.1. Civil Society Politics: Direct Solidarity and Information Activities 4.2. Institutional Politics: Making the Politicians Listen 4.3. Blurring the Distinction between Civil Society and Institutional Politics: The Formation of a Transnational Counterpublic 4.4. Synthesis of the Discussions 5. Mutual Solidarity and Global Consciousness: The EZLN and the Mediation between Particularity and Universality 5.1. Solidarity and Global Consciousness: From Altruism to Mutual Solidarity 5.2. The 'Politics of Overflowing': Transcending the Particularity of the EZLN Struggle 5.3. Synthesis of the Discussions 6. Neoliberalism and the Left: The Diffusion and Expansion of the EZLN Injustice Frame 6.1. The National Dimension in the EZLN Injustice Frame 6.2. The 'Fourth World War' against 'Humanity': The Recognition Component and the Transnationalization of the EZLN Injustice Frame 6.3. The 'Ultimate Underdogs': The Action Component and the EZLN's Impact on the Left after the End of the Cold War 6.4. The EZLN and the Transnational Protest Network: Overlapping Networks and the Politicization of Solidarity 6.5. Synthesis of the Discussions 7. The Struggle 'Inside' the Democratic Master Frame: The EZLN and Radical Democracy 7.1. The EZLN and Radical Democratic Social Change in Mexico 7.2. Traces of the EZLN Radical Democratic Action Master Frame beyond Mexico 7.3. Synthesis of the Discussions 8. The Internet, the EZLN, and the Zapatista Communities: The Mediation of Everyday Experiences 8.1. The Internet as Social Space 8.2. 'We Denounce...': Diminishing Social and Cultural Distance via the Internet 8.3. The 'Illusion of
Proof by Consistency

Abstract Advances of the past decade in methods and computer programs for showing consistency of proof systems based on first-order equations have made it feasible, in some settings, to use proof by consistency as an alternative to conventional rules of inference. Musser described the method applied to proof of properties of inductively defined objects. Refinements of this inductionless induction method were discussed by Kapur, Goguen, Huet and Hullot, Huet and Oppen, Lankford, Dershowitz, Paul, and more recently by Jouannaud and Kounalis as well as by Kapur, Narendran and Zhang. This paper gives a very general account of proof by consistency and inductionless induction, and shows how previous results can be derived simply from the general theory. New results include a theorem giving characterizations of an unambiguity property that is key to applicability of proof by consistency, and a theorem similar to the Birkhoff's Completeness Theorem for equational proof systems, but concerning inductive proof.