LLukas22/scidocs huggingface dataset:
Impact of an endothelial progenitor cell capturing stent on coronary microvascular function: comparison with drug-eluting stents

BACKGROUND/AIMS
Although drug-eluting stents (DESs) effectively reduce restenosis following percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI), they also delay re-endothelialization and impair microvascular function, resulting in adverse clinical outcomes. Endothelial progenitor cell (EPC) capturing stents, by providing a functional endothelial layer on the stent, have beneficial effects on microvascular function. However, data on coronary microvascular function in patients with EPC stents versus DESs are lacking.


METHODS
Seventy-four patients who previously underwent PCI were enrolled in this study. Microvascular function was evaluated 6 months after PCI based on the index of microvascular resistance (IMR) and the coronary flow reserve (CFR). IMR was calculated as the ratio of the mean distal coronary pressure at maximal hyperemia to the inverse of the hyperemic mean transit time (hTmn). The CFR was calculated by dividing the hTmn by the baseline mean transit time.


RESULTS
Twenty-one patients (age, 67.2 ± 9.6 years; male:female, 15:6) with an EPC stent and 53 patients (age, 61.5 ± 14.7 years; male:female, 40:13) with second-generation DESs were included in the study. There were no significant differences in the baseline clinical and angiographic characteristics of the two groups. Angiography performed 6 months postoperatively did not show significant differences in their CFR values. However, patients with the EPC stent had a significantly lower IMR than patients with second-generation DESs (median, 25.5 [interquartile range, 12.85 to 28.18] vs. 29.0 [interquartile range, 15.42 to 39.23]; p = 0.043).


CONCLUSIONS
Microvascular dysfunction was significantly improved after 6 months in patients with EPC stents compared to those with DESs. The complete re-endothelialization achieved with the EPC stent may provide clinical benefits over DESs, especially in patients with microvascular dysfunction.
Switching Technique for Inductive Power Transfer at High-  $Q$ Regimes

Inductive power transfer employing high quality factor (high-Q) resonators is an effective method to extend the transfer range of the wireless power transfer system. However, the overenhanced loading effect on the transmitter side exacerbates the degradation of power transfer capability and the phenomenon of frequency splitting at a short coupling distance. Currently, range adaptation techniques compensate and maximize the power transfer capability at the cost of power transfer efficiency, which leads to the power plateau and power transfer efficiency bound of 50% for voltage-fed inductive power transfer (IPT) system. In this paper, a switch-mode operation is proposed to improve the transfer characteristics of the high-Q voltage-fed IPT system at a short distance. By employing the resonators as an energy storage element rather than a loosely coupled transformer, the proposed method takes advantage of the transient process of energy exchange between resonators, which decouples the load with the TX circuit and maximizes the transferred power without the need of reducing efficiency of the system. The proposed operation is demonstrated by the experiment. The results show that the switch-mode operation significantly enhanced the power transfer capability of the system used in the experiment. Meanwhile, the power transfer efficiency and the transferred power of the experiment circuit are independent with each other; both of them increase with coupling monotonously.
Building Neuromorphic Circuits with Memristive Devices

The rapid, exponential growth of modern electronics has brought about profound changes to our daily lives. However, maintaining the growth trend now faces significant challenges at both the fundamental and practical levels [1]. Possible solutions include More Moore?developing new, alternative device structures and materials while maintaining the same basic computer architecture, and More Than Moore?enabling alternative computing architectures and hybrid integration to achieve increased system functionality without trying to push the devices beyond limits. In particular, an increasing number of computing tasks today are related to handling large amounts of data, e.g. image processing as an example. Conventional von Neumann digital computers, with separate memory and processer units, become less and less efficient when large amount of data have to be moved around and processed quickly. Alternative approaches such as bio-inspired neuromorphic circuits, with distributed computing and localized storage in networks, become attractive options [2]?[6].
A conceptual framework for incorporating cognitive principles into geographical database representation

The advancement of GIS data models to allow the eŒective utilization of very large heterogeneous geographic databases requires a new approach that incorporates models of human cognition. The ultimate goal is to provide a cooperative human-computer environment for spatial analysis. We describe the pyramid framework as an example of this new approach within the context of some important aspects of how humans conceptually store spatial information. The proposed framework provides the means to create multiple structural interpretations of observed geographic data and the ability to build knowledge hierarchies through the application of data mining and other statistical techniques.
Diabetes mellitus and subsite-specific colorectal cancer risks in the Iowa Women's Health Study.

OBJECTIVE
Controversy remains regarding the association between type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) and colorectal cancer (CRC) risk. To clarify and extend the existing data, we prospectively evaluated the association between self-reported type 2 DM (onset at >30 years of age) and incident CRC, overall and by anatomic subsite, among postmenopausal women in the Iowa Women's Health Study (n = 35,230).


METHODS
After 14 years of follow-up, a total of 870 incident CRC cases were identified through annual linkage to the Iowa Cancer Registry. DM was analyzed as reported at baseline and as a time-dependent variable using information obtained during follow-up. CRC risks were estimated using Cox proportional hazards regression models.


RESULTS
After adjusting for age, body mass index and other potential confounding variables, the relative risk (RR) for women with DM versus women without DM was modestly increased at 1.4 [95% confidence interval (95% CI), 1.1-1.8]. By anatomic subsite, the RR for proximal colon cancer was statistically significantly increased (RR, 1.9; 95% CI, 1.3-2.6), whereas the RRs for distal colon (RR, 1.1; 95% CI, 0.6-1.8) and rectal cancer (RR, 0.8; 95% CI, 0.4-1.6) were not statistically different from unity. Analyses that included DM ascertained at baseline and follow-up yielded similar results.


CONCLUSION
In this large, prospective study of postmenopausal women, the association between DM and incident CRC was found to be subsite specific. If confirmed by others, this finding implies that CRC prevention strategies among type 2 DM patients should include examination of the proximal colon.
The efficacy of 'Radio guided Occult Lesion Localization' (ROLL) versus 'Wire-guided Localization' (WGL) in breast conserving surgery for non-palpable breast cancer: A randomized clinical trial – ROLL study

BACKGROUND
With the increasing number of non palpable breast carcinomas, the need of a good and reliable localization method increases. Currently the wire guided localization (WGL) is the standard of care in most countries. Radio guided occult lesion localization (ROLL) is a new technique that may improve the oncological outcome, cost effectiveness, patient comfort and cosmetic outcome. However, the studies published hitherto are of poor quality providing less than convincing evidence to change the current standard of care. The aim of this study is to compare the ROLL technique with the standard of care (WGL) regarding the percentage of tumour free margins, cost effectiveness, patient comfort and cosmetic outcome.


METHODS/DESIGN
The ROLL trial is a multi center randomized clinical trial. Over a period of 2-3 years 316 patients will be randomized between the ROLL and the WGL technique. With this number, the expected 15% difference in tumour free margins can be detected with a power of 80%. Other endpoints include cosmetic outcome, cost effectiveness, patient (dis)comfort, degree of difficulty of the procedures and the success rate of the sentinel node procedure. The rationale, study design and planned analyses are described.


TRIAL REGISTRATION
(http://www.clinicaltrials.gov, study protocol number NCT00539474).
User Interface Design for a Mobile Multimedia Application: An Iterative Approach

Mobile phones have become full-featured mobile computers. Applications providing good user experience and taking full advantage of the increasing capabilities of mobile phones are still rare. One such application is audio and video on mobile phones which is expected to become a killer application in the near future. A lot of valuable audio and video content is hidden in archives of content providers. We are developing an application that enables a user to perform content-based search for audio and video content in large databases and play it on a mobile phone virtually anywhere, at any time. Our approach to application development focuses on the adoption of agile software development methodologies and user-centered design, emphasizing iterative user-interface development involving usability engineers and non-technical users. Thus, the application evolves according to the needs of the end user, providing maximized usability and customer satisfaction.
A Pilot Study of an Inspection Framework for Automated Usability Guideline Reviews of Mobile Health Applications

Usability is of significant importance for any interactive software. In the mobile domain, applications face more challenges to deliver good experiences to end users due to the characteristics and usage of mobile devices in ubiquitous computing contexts. The situation may be exacerbated for mobile health applications since the target population or domain may impose even stricter usability requirements.
 Heuristic Evaluation (HE) or guideline review has proven itself to be an effective approach among many usability evaluation methods. Organizing heuristic evaluation by usability professionals, however, can be costly and time consuming, particularly for frequent prototype updates generated by fast iterations. Manual inspection by human experts also suffers from scalability issues as mobile applications often need to run on a diverse set of hardware platforms.
 To help find potential usability problems at an early stage and reduce the workload of human usability experts, we propose an inspection framework to conduct automated guideline reviews of mobile health applications. The inspection framework is based on the Health Information Management Systems Society (HIMSS) usability guidelines for mHealth applications. First, we translate the high level descriptions of usability guidelines into operationalized metrics that can be measured by software. Second, we demonstrate the translation is meaningful by providing detailed analysis of suggested metrics and real-world case studies. We hope this framework can be used to enforce a minimum bar for the usability of mobile health applications and further adapted when new products in the field are developed.
Characterizations of regular semigroups by (alpha, beta)-fuzzy ideals

Using the ideas of belonging and quasi-coincidence of a fuzzy point with a fuzzy set, the concepts of (α, β)-fuzzy ideals and (α, β)-fuzzy generalized bi-ideals, which are generalization of fuzzy ideals and fuzzy generalized bi-ideals, in a semigroup are introduced, and related properties are investigated. We also define the lower and upper parts of fuzzy subsets of a semigroup. Characterizations of regular semigroups by the properties of the lower part of (∈,∈ ∨q)-fuzzy left ideals, (∈,∈ ∨q)-fuzzy quasi-ideals and (∈,∈ ∨q)-fuzzy generalized bi-ideals are given. © 2009 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
The use of Tholos software for combining measures of mental workload: toward theoretical and methodological improvements.

Mental workload is a concept central to a range of disciplines (including cognitive psychology and ergonomics) that has given rise to various theoretical and methodological debates. As a result, researchers have used a number of techniques for measuring mental workload. Traditionally, three categories of measurement technique have been recognized: performance measures (e.g., the dual-task paradigm), subjective measures (e.g., rating scales), and physiological measures (e.g., heart, respiration, and blink rates). Each technique has advantages and limitations; however, some limitations may prevent an accurate evaluation of the mental workload. In this article, we focus on the benefits of combining multiple measures of mental workload. However, because combining several techniques is a very complex process, we have developed the Tholos software in an attempt to reduce this complexity. This software package uses measures from each of the three categories: a dual-task paradigm with auditory signals; the National Aeronautics and Space Administration task load index (NASA-TLX) scale and its simplified version, the "raw" task load index (RTLX); and physiological (such as pupil-dilation) measurements with which our software can merge results from the dual-task paradigm. To illustrate the benefits of using Tholos, we describe a puzzle-solving experiment in which we combined multiple measures of mental workload. The results indicate the importance of combining multiple measures to build upon the theoretical and methodological foundations of mental workload.
Enterprise information extraction: recent developments and open challenges

Information extraction (IE) - the problem of extracting structured information from unstructured text - has become an increasingly important topic in recent years. A SIGMOD 2006 tutorial [3] outlined challenges and opportunities for the database community to advance the state of the art in information extraction, and posed the following grand challenge: "Can we build a System R for information extraction?
 Our tutorial gives an overview of progress the database community has made towards meeting this challenge. In particular, we start by discussing design requirements in building an enterprise IE system. We then survey recent technological advances towards addressing these requirements, broadly categorized as: (1) Languages for specifying extraction programs in a declarative way, thus allowing database-style performance optimizations; (2) Infrastructure needed to ensure scalability, and (3) Development support for enterprise IE systems. Finally, we outline several open challenges and opportunities for the database community to further advance the state of the art in enterprise IE systems. The tutorial is intended for students and researchers interested in information extraction and its applications, and assumes no prior knowledge of the area.
The merits of unconscious thought in creativity.

Research has yielded weak empirical support for the idea that creative solutions may be discovered through unconscious thought, despite anecdotes to this effect. To understand this gap, we examined the effect of unconscious thought on two outcomes of a remote-association test (RAT): implicit accessibility and conscious reporting of answers. In Experiment 1, which used very difficult RAT items, a short period of unconscious thought (i.e., participants were distracted while holding the goal of solving the RAT items) increased the accessibility of RAT answers, but did not increase the number of correct answers compared with an equal duration of conscious thought or mere distraction. In Experiment 2, which used moderately difficult RAT items, unconscious thought led to a similar level of accessibility, but fewer correct answers, compared with conscious thought. These findings confirm and extend unconscious-thought theory by demonstrating that processes that increase the mental activation of correct solutions do not necessarily lead them into consciousness.
Suggestions for presenting the results of data analyses

We give suggestions for the presentation of research results from frequentist, information-theoretic, and Bayesian analysis paradigms, followed by several general suggestions. The information-theoretic and Bayesian methods offer alternative approaches to data analysis and inference compared to traditionally used methods. Guidance is lacking on the presentation of results under these alternative procedures and on nontesting aspects of classical frequentist methods of statistical analysis. Null hypothesis testing has come under intense criticism. We recommend less reporting of the results of statistical tests of null hypotheses in cases where the null is surely false anyway, or where the null hypothesis is of little interest to science or management. JOURNAL OF WILDLIFE MANAGEMENT 65(3):373-378
Crossing the phantom divide line in the holographic dark energy model in a closed universe

Conditions needed to cross the phantom divide line in an interacting holographic dark energy model in a closed Friedmann–Robertson–Walker universe are discussed. The probable relationship between this crossing and the coincidence problem is studied.
High Speed Autonomous Vehicle for Computer Vision Research and Teaching

This thesis presents the development of a rugged, high-speed, low-cost, and highly adaptable autonomous ground vehicle, to serve as an educational tool for future Robotic Engineering students at The Universtity of Western Australia, and enabling future research into Automous Navigation and Computer Vision not possible with the university’s current fleet of robots. The vehicle was developed with the goal of facilitating future research into Autonomous (car) Driving, and Self Localisation and Mapping (SLAM) techniques, utilising progressively lower cost sensors and hardware than traditionally employed for the purpose, thereby lowering the cost of entry for research into the field. The vehicle was developed around a highly configurably consumer R/C car to ensure stability at high speeds, over varied terrain, both indoors and out, ensuring adaptability to future test conditions, and autonomous and SLAM capabilities utilising a 2D Laser Distance Scanner as it’s only sensor were developed as a proof of concept and baseline for future research. The software was developed on top of UWA’s RoBIOS software, which provides a touchscreen interface for users to run programs as well as providing a simple API to interact with the robot. As an additional part of this part of this project, improvements and alternatives to RoBIOS were investigated, and functionality required for the new vehicle was added to the RoBIOS API, providing a more feature rich environment for future Robotics students.
On the incrementality of pragmatic processing: An ERP investigation of informativeness and pragmatic abilities.

In two event-related potential (ERP) experiments, we determined to what extent Grice's maxim of informativeness as well as pragmatic ability contributes to the incremental build-up of sentence meaning, by examining the impact of underinformative versus informative scalar statements (e.g. "Some people have lungs/pets, and…") on the N400 event-related potential (ERP), an electrophysiological index of semantic processing. In Experiment 1, only pragmatically skilled participants (as indexed by the Autism Quotient Communication subscale) showed a larger N400 to underinformative statements. In Experiment 2, this effect disappeared when the critical words were unfocused so that the local underinformativeness went unnoticed (e.g., "Some people have lungs that…"). Our results suggest that, while pragmatic scalar meaning can incrementally contribute to sentence comprehension, this contribution is dependent on contextual factors, whether these are derived from individual pragmatic abilities or the overall experimental context.
Management of "buried" penis in adulthood: an overview.

BACKGROUND
The condition of "buried" penis may arise from several factors. Although the pediatric form is a rare congenital disorder, it may become an acquired condition in adulthood, most commonly from obesity, radical circumcision, or penoscrotal lymphedema. As obesity has become a national epidemic, the incidence of this phenomenon will inevitably increase. The purpose of this article is to present current strategies in the management of this physically and psychologically debilitating condition.


METHODS
A literature review of the surgical management of buried penis was obtained mainly in the plastic surgery and urology literature (PubMed), from 1977 to 2007.


RESULTS
Several risk factors were identified in adult patients with buried penis, including morbid obesity and diabetes mellitus. Multiple techniques for release and reconstruction are described, including primary closure, Z-plasty, and skin resurfacing, all of which may or may not include a lipectomy. Recent publications focus on resurfacing with split-thickness skin grafts and negative-pressure dressings. These techniques have been successful in terms of graft survival and long-term cosmetic result.


CONCLUSIONS
Buried penis is an unusual, difficult-to-treat condition that presents a unique challenge to the plastic surgeon and the urologist. Predisposing factors such as morbid obesity and diabetes mellitus are becoming increasingly prevalent, which suggests a potential increase in the incidence of this condition. Although no specific approach may be applicable to all patients, a combination of various techniques may be applied. In complicated and severe cases, a split-thickness skin graft to the penile shaft, reduction scrotoplasty, suction-assisted lipectomy, and/or surgical lipectomy, such as panniculectomy, may be indicated. Therapy adapted to the individual patient can result in high rates of successful reconstruction with acceptable cosmetic results.