LLukas22/scidocs huggingface dataset:
Relationships between Transformational and Active Transactional Leadership and Followers ’ Organizational Identification : The Role of Psychological Empowerment

We examined the underlying processes through which transformational and active transactional leadership affects followers’ organizational identification in a survey study. Using a sample of managers across different industries, we found that followers’ psychological empowerment, including competence, impact, meaning, and selfdetermination, partially mediated the effect of transformational leadership and active transactional leadership on followers’ organizational identification. Furthermore, LEADERSHIP AND ORGANIZATIONAL IDENTIFICATION Copyright (c) 2012 Institute of Behavioral and Applied Management. All Rights Reserved. 187 transformational leadership explained variance in followers’ organizational identification and psychological empowerment above and beyond active transactional leadership. These findings provide additional support for transformational leadership theory by demonstrating a motivational mechanism through which followers identify with their organizations. Theoretical contributions and practical implications are discussed.
In Vivo 3D 19 F Fast Spectroscopic Imaging (F-uTSI) of Angiogenesis on Vx-2 Tumors in Rabbits Using Targeted Perfluorocarbon Emulsions

Quantitative molecular MR imaging of angiogenesis may fulfill an unmet clinical need for patient stratification by increasing efficacy of antiangiogenic therapy. In particular, perfluorocarbons targeted to αvβ3 have been used to image angiogenesis through paramagnetic markers and also direct detection by F MR imaging or spectroscopy [1,2,3]. F offers several advantages including absolute quantification, high intrinsic specificity, and no need for pre-contrast imaging. However, one of the major drawbacks of more clinically relevant F compounds is the large chemical shift dispersion of the multiple resonances. If imaged by a gradient or spin echo technique, the resulting images will display a large chemical shift artifact in both the read-out direction and the slice selection direction. Fluorine ultra-fast Turbo Spectroscopic Imaging (F-uTSI) has been developed to overcome these drawbacks, without sacrificing sensitivity [4,5]. Additionally F-uTSI offers, without increasing scan time, the advantage of distinguishing various F compounds based on chemical shift differences allowing for ‘multi-color’ imaging. Beyond the preliminary, non-targeted in vivo results already shown, herein we demonstrate with in vivo tumor models the sensitive detection of angiogenesis with the F-uTSI technique.
Connecting with Tort Law

This work guides and supports the development of each students: knowledge of the law of torts; problem solving skills; communication skills; professional development; attitude towards personal development and lifelong learning.This book is not a traditional practitioners treatise on the law of torts; rather, it has been written to help students to understand and connect with their torts courses.
A Fuzzy Similarity Based Concept Mining Model for Text Classification

Text Classification is a challenging and a red hot field in the current scenario and has great importance in text categorization applications. A lot of research work has been done in this field but there is a need to categorize a collection of text documents into mutually exclusive categories by extracting the concepts or features using supervised learning paradigm and different classification algorithms. In this paper, a new Fuzzy Similarity Based Concept Mining Model (FSCMM) is proposed to classify a set of text documents into pre defined Category Groups (CG) by providing them training and preparing on the sentence, document and integrated corpora levels along with feature reduction, ambiguity removal on each level to achieve high system performance. Fuzzy Feature Category Similarity Analyzer (FFCSA) is used to analyze each extracted feature of Integrated Corpora Feature Vector (ICFV) with the corresponding categories or classes. This model uses Support Vector Machine Classifier (SVMC) to classify correctly the training data patterns into two groups; i. e., + 1 and – 1, thereby producing accurate and correct results. The proposed model works efficiently and effectively with great performance and high accuracy results. Keywords-Text Classification; Natural Language Processing; Feature Extraction; Concept Mining; Fuzzy Similarity Analyzer; Dimensionality Reduction; Sentence Level; Document Level; Integrated Corpora Level Processing.
Physical appearance anxiety impedes the therapeutic effects of video feedback in high socially anxious individuals.

BACKGROUND
Video feedback (VF) interventions effectively reduce social anxiety symptoms and negative self-perception, particularly when they are preceded by cognitive preparation (CP) and followed by cognitive review.


AIMS
In the current study, we re-examined data from a study on the efficacy of a novel VF intervention for individuals high in social anxiety to test the hypothesis that physical appearance anxiety would moderate the effects of VF.


METHOD
Data were analyzed from 68 socially anxious participants who performed an initial public speech, and were randomly assigned to an Elaborated VF condition (VF plus cognitive preparation and cognitive review), a Standard VF condition (VF plus cognitive preparation) or a No VF condition (exposure alone), and then performed a second speech.


RESULTS
As hypothesized, when appearance concerns were low, both participants who received Elaborated and Standard VF were significantly less anxious during speech 2 than those in the No VF condition. However, when levels of appearance concern were high, neither Elaborated nor Standard VF reduced anxiety levels during speech 2 beyond the No VF condition.


CONCLUSIONS
Results from our analog sample suggest the importance of tailoring treatment protocols to accommodate the idiosyncratic concerns of socially anxious patients.
Timing of first cannulation and vascular access failure in haemodialysis: an analysis of practice patterns at dialysis facilities in the DOPPS.

BACKGROUND
Optimal waiting time before first use of vascular access is not known.


METHODS
Two practices-first cannulation time for fistulae and grafts, and blood flow rate-were examined as potential predictors of vascular access failure in the Dialysis Outcomes and Practice Patterns Study (DOPPS). Access failure (defined as time to first failure or first salvage intervention) was modelled using Cox regression.


RESULTS
Among 309 haemodialysis facilities, 2730 grafts and 2154 fistulae were studied. For grafts, first cannulation typically occurred within 2-4 weeks at 62% of US, 61% of European and 42% of Japanese facilities. For fistulae, first cannulation occurred <2 months after placement in 36% of US, 79% of European and 98% of Japanese facilities. Overall, the relative risk (RR) of graft failure in Europe was lower compared with the USA (RR = 0.69, P = 0.04). The RR of graft failure (reference group = first cannulation at 2-3 weeks) was 0.84 with first cannulation at <2 weeks (P = 0.11), 0.94 with first cannulation at 3-4 weeks (P = 0.48) and 0.93 with first cannulation at >4 weeks (P = 0.48). The RR of fistula failure was 0.72 with first cannulation at <4 weeks (P = 0.08), 0.91 at 2-3 months (P = 0.43) and 0.87 at >3 months (P = 0.31) (reference group = first cannulation at 1-2 months). Facility median blood flow rate was not a significant predictor of access failure.


CONCLUSIONS
Earlier cannulation of a newly placed vascular access at the haemodialysis facility level was not associated with increased risk of vascular access failure. Potential for confounding due to selection bias cannot be excluded, implying the importance of clinical judgement in determining time to first use of vascular access.
Effects of patient-centered communication on anxiety, negative affect, and trust in the physician in delivering a cancer diagnosis: A randomized, experimental study.

BACKGROUND
When bad news about a cancer diagnosis is being delivered, patient-centered communication (PCC) has been considered important for patients' adjustment and well-being. However, few studies have explored how interpersonal skills might help cancer patients cope with anxiety and distress during bad-news encounters.


METHODS
A prospective, experimental design was used to investigate the impact of the physician communication style during a bad-news encounter. Ninety-eight cancer patients and 92 unaffected subjects of both sexes were randomly assigned to view a video of a clinician delivering a first cancer diagnosis with either an enhanced patient-centered communication (E-PCC) style or a low patient-centered communication (L-PCC) style. Participants rated state anxiety and negative affect before and immediately after the video exposure, whereas trust in the physician was rated after the video exposure only. Main and interaction effects were analyzed with generalized linear models.


RESULTS
Viewing the disclosure of a cancer diagnosis resulted in a substantial increase in state anxiety and negative affect among all participants. This emotional response was moderated by the physician's communication style: Participants viewing an oncologist displaying an E-PCC style were significantly less anxious than those watching an oncologist displaying an L-PCC style. They also reported significantly higher trust in the physician.


CONCLUSIONS
Under a threatening, anxiety-provoking disclosure of bad news, a short sequence of empathic PCC influences subjects' psychological state, insofar that they report feeling less anxious and more trustful of the oncologist. Video exposure appears to be a valuable method for investigating the impact of a physician's communication style during critical encounters. Cancer 2017;123:3167-75. © 2017 American Cancer Society.
Dynamic Load Balancing in Geographically Distributed Heterogeneous Web Servers

With ever increasing Web traac, a distributed multi-server Web site can provide scalability and ex-ibility to cope with growing client demands. Load balancing algorithms to spread the requests across multiple Web servers are crucial to achieve the scalability. Various domain name server (DNS) based schedulers have been proposed in the literature, mainly for multiple homogeneous servers. The presence of heterogeneous Web servers not only increases the complexity of the DNS scheduling problem, but also makes previously proposed algorithms for homogeneous distributed systems not directly applicable. This leads us to propose new policies, called adaptive TTL algorithms, that take into account of both the uneven distribution of client request rates and heterogeneity of Web servers to adaptively set the time-to-live (TTL) value for each address mapping request. Extensive simulation results show that these strategies are robust and eeective in balancing load among geographically distributed heterogeneous Web servers.
Cost-effectiveness of cardiovascular risk management by practice nurses in primary care

BACKGROUND
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is largely preventable and prevention expenditures are relatively low. The randomised controlled SPRING-trial (SPRING-RCT) shows that cardiovascular risk management by practice nurses in general practice with and without self-monitoring both decreases cardiovascular risk, with no additional effect of self-monitoring. For considering future approaches of cardiovascular risk reduction, cost effectiveness analyses of regular care and additional self-monitoring are performed from a societal perspective on data from the SPRING-RCT.


METHODS
Direct medical and productivity costs are analysed alongside the SPRING-RCT, studying 179 participants (men aged 50-75 years, women aged 55-75 years), with an elevated cardiovascular risk, in 20 general practices in the Netherlands. Standard cardiovascular treatment according to Dutch guidelines is compared with additional counselling based on self-monitoring at home (pedometer, weighing scale and/ or blood pressure device) both by trained practice nurses. Cost-effectiveness is evaluated for both treatment groups and patient categories (age, sex, education).


RESULTS
Costs are €98 and €187 per percentage decrease in 10-year cardiovascular mortality estimation, for the control and intervention group respectively. In both groups lost productivity causes the majority of the costs. The incremental cost-effectiveness ratio is approximately €1100 (95% CI: -5157 to 6150). Self-monitoring may be cost effective for females and higher educated participants, however confidence intervals are wide.


CONCLUSIONS
In this study population, regular treatment is more cost effective than counselling based on self-monitoring, with the majority of costs caused by lost productivity.


TRIAL REGISTRATION
Trialregister.nl identifier: http://NTR2188.
Nurse practitioners, certified nurse midwives, and physician assistants in physician offices.

The expansion of health insurance coverage through health care reform, along with the aging of the population, are expected to strain the capacity for providing health care. Projections of the future physician workforce predict declines in the supply of physicians and decreasing physician work hours for primary care. An expansion of care delivered by nurse practitioners (NPs), certified nurse midwives (CNMs), and physician assistants (PAs) is often cited as a solution to the predicted surge in demand for health care services and calls for an examination of current reliance on these providers. Using a nationally based physician survey, we have described the employment of NPs, CNMs, and PAs among office-based physicians by selected physician and practice characteristics.
Numerical inverse kinematics for modular reconfigurable robots

The inverse kinematics solutions of a reconfigurable robot system built upon a collection of standardized components is difficult to obtain because of its varying configurations. This article addresses the formulation of a generic numerical inverse kinematics model and automatic generation of the model for arbitrary robot geometry including serial and tree-typed geometries. Both revolute and prismatic types of joints are considered. The inverse kinematics is obtained through the differential kinematics Ž . equations based on the product-of-exponential POE formulas. The Newton]Raphson iteration method is employed for solution. The automated model generation is accomplished by using the kinematic graph representation of a modular robot assembly configuration and the related accessibility matrix and path matrix. Examples of the inverse kinematics solutions for different types of modular robots are given to demonstrate the applicability and effectiveness of the proposed algorithm. Q 1999 John
Feature extraction and classification phishing websites based on URL

In this study we extracted websites' URL features and analyzed subset based feature selection methods and classification algorithms for phishing websites detection.
The IA-64 Architecture at Work

24 Computer with a predicate value of true executes normally. If the predicate is false, the associated instruction—although issued—does not write its results to registers or memory. Research has shown predication to be effective at removing branches and at decreasing penalties from branch mispredicts. 1 A simple code example with a difficult-to-predict branch illustrates how predication can remove the branch. Figure 1a shows the C code for a classic if-then-else statement. In a traditional architecture, the processor loads the data from memory, compares the value of a(i).ptr with zero, and uses the compare's (cmp's) result in a conditional-branch instruction. Because of the conditional branch, a traditional compiler structures this code into four basic blocks, as shown in Figure 1b. The processor must execute the instructions of all four blocks serially, and branch instructions are barriers to ILP. Predication is used to remove the difficult to predict branch in the first basic block. In the IA-64 architecture, compare instructions generate two predicates, as shown in Figure 1c: O ver the past several years, strategies to increase microprocessor performance have focused on finding more instruction level parallelism. ILP is basically the idea of finding several instructions to execute at the same time. By providing multiple functional units on which to execute instructions, computer architects expect to improve performance. However, two difficult problems limit ILP: • branch instructions, which introduce control dependencies, and • memory latency, the time it takes to retrieve data from memory. In the absence of new programming languages that are explicitly parallel, the task of " exposing " ILP falls to the compiler. In IA-64, Intel's upcoming 64-bit architecture (see the " IA-64 to Date " sidebar for current information), the compiler will play a pivotal role in using pred-ication and control speculation to expose more ILP. Two code fragments are used to illustrate predication and control speculation. The fragments are scheduled with actual IA-64 instructions and are representative of general-purpose integer code, such as that found in computer aided design and database applications. A comparison of performance with and without the two features demonstrates how predication and control speculation can reduce the number of cycles required to execute an instruction and improve performance. PREDICATION The IA-64 architecture uses a full predication model, in which a compiler can append a predicate to all instructions. Predicates are simply tags that permit a program to execute instructions conditionally, depending on the …
Effect of Desensitising Laser Treatment on the Bond Strength of Full Metal Crowns: An In Vitro Comparative Study

BACKGROUND
Dentinal hypersensitivity is a very common complaint of patients undergoing crown and bridge restorations on vital teeth. Of the many desensitizing agents used to counter this issue, desensitizing laser treatment is emerging as one of the most successful treatment modality. However, the dentinal changes brought about by the desensitizing laser application could affect the bond strength of luting cements.


MATERIALS AND METHODS
Freshly extracted 48 maxillary first premolars, which were intact and morphologically similar were selected for the study. The specimens were divided into two groups, an untreated the control group and a desensitizing laser-treated group, which were exposed to Erbium, Chromium: Yttrium, Selenium, Galium, Garnet laser at 0.5 W potency for 15 s. Each of the above two groups were again randomly divided into two subgroups, on to which full veneer metal crowns, which were custom fabricated were luted using glass-ionomer and resin luting cements, respectively. Tensile bond strength of the luting cements was evaluated with the help of a Universal Testing Machine. Statistical analysis of the values were done using descriptive, independent samples' test, and two-way ANOVA test.


RESULTS
The tensile bond strength of crowns luted on desensitizing laser treated specimens using self-adhesive resin cement showed a marginal increase in bond strength though it was not statistically significant.


CONCLUSION
The self-adhesive resin cements could be recommended as the luting agent of choice for desensitizing laser treated abutment teeth, as it showed better bond strength.
Customizable Multidiscipline Environments for Heat Transfer and Fluid Flow Modeling

Thankfully, the age of stand-alone fixed-input simulation tools is fading away in favor of more flexible and integrated solutions. “Concurrent engineering” once meant automating data translations between monolithic codes, but sophisticated users have demanded more native integration and more automated tools for designing, and not just evaluating point designs. Improvements in both interprocess communications technology and numerical solutions have gone a long way towards meeting those demands. This paper describes a small slice of a larger on-going effort to satisfy current and future demands for integrated multidisciplinary tools that can be highly customized by end-users or by third parties. Specifically, the ability to integrate fully featured thermal/fluid simulations into Microsoft’s Excel™ and other software is detailed. Users are now able not only to prepare custom user interfaces, they can use these codes as portals that allow integration activities at a larger scale. Previous enabling technologies are first described, then examples and repercussions of current capabilities are presented, and finally in-progress and future technologies are listed. BACKGROUND AND HISTORY
Why Are Companies Offshoring Innovation ? The Emerging Global Race for Talent *

This paper empirically studies determinants of decision by companies to offshore innovation activities. It uses survey data from the international Offshoring Research Network project to estimate impact of managerial intentionality, past experience, and environmental factors on the probability of offshoring innovation projects. The results show that emerging shortage of high skilled science and engineering talent in the US and more generally need to access qualified personnel are important explanatory factors for offshoring innovation decisions. Moreover, contrary to drivers of many other functions, labor arbitrage is less important than other forms of cost savings. The paper concludes with a discussion of the changing dynamics underlying offshoring of innovation activities, suggesting that companies are entering a global race for talent.
Production Constraints and the NAIRU

This paper argues that the production constraints in the basic NAIRU model should be distinguished by type: capital constraints and labour constraints. It notes the failure to incorporate this phenomenon in standard macro models. Using panel data for UK manufacturing over 80 quarters we show that capital constraints became relatively more important during the 1980s as industry failed to match the increase in labour flexibility with rising capital investment.
Role of Vascular Oxidative Stress in Obesity and Metabolic Syndrome

Obesity is associated with vascular diseases that are often attributed to vascular oxidative stress. We tested the hypothesis that vascular oxidative stress could induce obesity. We previously developed mice that overexpress p22phox in vascular smooth muscle, tg(sm/p22phox), which have increased vascular ROS production. At baseline, tg(sm/p22phox) mice have a modest increase in body weight. With high-fat feeding, tg(sm/p22phox) mice developed exaggerated obesity and increased fat mass. Body weight increased from 32.16 ± 2.34 g to 43.03 ± 1.44 g in tg(sm/p22phox) mice (vs. 30.81 ± 0.71 g to 37.89 ± 1.16 g in the WT mice). This was associated with development of glucose intolerance, reduced HDL cholesterol, and increased levels of leptin and MCP-1. Tg(sm/p22phox) mice displayed impaired spontaneous activity and increased mitochondrial ROS production and mitochondrial dysfunction in skeletal muscle. In mice with vascular smooth muscle-targeted deletion of p22phox (p22phox(loxp/loxp)/tg(smmhc/cre) mice), high-fat feeding did not induce weight gain or leptin resistance. These mice also had reduced T-cell infiltration of perivascular fat. In conclusion, these data indicate that vascular oxidative stress induces obesity and metabolic syndrome, accompanied by and likely due to exercise intolerance, vascular inflammation, and augmented adipogenesis. These data indicate that vascular ROS may play a causal role in the development of obesity and metabolic syndrome.