LLukas22/scidocs huggingface dataset:
Models for Automatic Classification of Video Sequences

In this paper, we explore a technique for automatic classification of video sequences, (such as a TV broadcast, movies). This technique analyses the incoming video sequences and classifies them into categories. It can be viewed as an on-line parser for video signals. We present two techniques for automatic classification. In the first technique, the incoming video sequence is analyzed to extract the motion information. This information is optimally projected onto a single dimension. This projection information is then used to train Hidden Markov Models (HMMs) that efficiently and accurately classify the incoming video sequence. Preliminary results with 50 different test sequences (25 Sports and 25 News sequences) indicate a classification accuracy of 90% by the 11MM models. In the second technique, 24 full length motion picture trailers are classified using HMMs. This classification is compared with the internet movie database and we find that they correlate well. Only two out of 24 trailers were classified incorrectly.
Help seeking and treatment use among suicidal college students.

OBJECTIVES
Many suicidal college students do not receive mental health treatment, and the reasons for this are not fully understood. This study examines how attitudes, beliefs, and social network factors relate to help seeking among suicidal students.


PARTICIPANTS
A random sample of 8,487 undergraduate and graduate students from 15 US universities participated.


METHODS
A Web-based survey administered in spring 2009 examined correlates of mental health service utilization among students reporting serious thoughts of suicide in the previous year (n = 543).


RESULTS
Correlates of treatment use included perceived need, beliefs that treatment is effective, contact with service users, lower personal stigma, higher perceived stigma, fewer positive relationships, and sexual minority or Caucasian identity.


CONCLUSIONS
Help seeking among suicidal students is associated with a range of personal and social network factors. Campus strategies to enhance help seeking should be tailored to address identified facilitators and barriers to treatment use among target populations.
On the Gravitational Field of a Point Mass in the Einstein Universe Background

Some properties of an exact solution due to Vaidya, describing the gravitational field produced by a point particle in the background of the static Einstein universe are examined. The maximal analytic extension and the nature of the singularities of the model are discussed. By using the Euclidean approach, some quantum aspects are analysed and the thermodynamics of this spacetime is also discussed.
Learning dynamic prices in MultiSeller electronic retail markets with price sensitive customers, stochastic demands, and inventory replenishments

In this paper, we use reinforcement learning (RL) as a tool to study price dynamics in an electronic retail market consisting of two competing sellers, and price sensitive and lead time sensitive customers. Sellers, offering identical products, compete on price to satisfy stochastically arriving demands (customers), and follow standard inventory control and replenishment policies to manage their inventories. In such a generalized setting, RL techniques have not previously been applied. We consider two representative cases: 1) no information case, were none of the sellers has any information about customer queue levels, inventory levels, or prices at the competitors; and 2) partial information case, where every seller has information about the customer queue levels and inventory levels of the competitors. Sellers employ automated pricing agents, or pricebots, which use RL-based pricing algorithms to reset the prices at random intervals based on factors such as number of back orders, inventory levels, and replenishment lead times, with the objective of maximizing discounted cumulative profit. In the no information case, we show that a seller who uses Q-learning outperforms a seller who uses derivative following (DF). In the partial information case, we model the problem as a Markovian game and use actor-critic based RL to learn dynamic prices. We believe our approach to solving these problems is a new and promising way of setting dynamic prices in multiseller environments with stochastic demands, price sensitive customers, and inventory replenishments
A single-switch isolated DC-DC converter for photovoltaic systems

Isolated converters are desirable in the DC-DC power conversion applications where isolation or a large voltage step-up gain is needed. Traditional isolated DC-DC converters either utilize many switches to achieve high efficiency or use few switches which result in low efficiency. This paper proposes a new single-switch isolated DC-DC converter for maximum power point tracking (MPPT) control and voltage regulation of solar photovoltaic (PV) system. The proposed DC-DC converter has the advantage of using less number of switches than other existing isolated DC-DC converters. The operating principle and parameter design of the converter are described in the paper. Simulation studies are carried out in MATLAB to verify the theoretical analysis and show that the proposed converter is effective for MPPT for PV systems. Experimental results further validate the simulation studies. The proposed converter is capable of tracking the maximum power point of the PV panel in different time of the day.
Impact of chest tube clearance on postoperative morbidity after thoracotomy: results of a prospective, randomised trial.

OBJECTIVE
In many centres of thoracic surgery, milking of chest tubes is performed to prevent them from blocking. The usefulness of chest tube clearance is discussed controversially. Therefore, we investigated the impact of postoperative chest tube milking on postoperative outcome in a prospective, randomised trial.


METHODS
Within a period of 11 months, 145 patients undergoing pulmonary resection through thoracotomy were included in the study. Two chest tubes each (silicone drainage, Redax, Mirandola, Italy) were placed in all patients (ventral tube 21Ch and dorsal tube 24Ch). Milking was applied to both chest tubes for 1 min every 2h within the first 48 h postoperatively and continuous suction of -20 cm H(2)O was maintained for 48 h. Duration of chest tube drainage, quantity and quality of effusion or air leakage, co-morbidity, length of hospital stay and 30-day postoperative morbidity and mortality were analysed. Furthermore, outcome was measured by assessment of chest radiographs at the time of discharge from hospital.


RESULTS
Randomisation resulted in milking of chest tubes of 73 patients and in observation of chest tubes without any manipulation in 72 patients. Twenty-one patients had to be excluded from further analysis due to violation from the study protocol (n=9), necessity of replacement of a chest tubes (n=9) and re-operation for bleeding (n=3). The 30-day mortality rate was 1.4% in each group and the 30-day morbidity was 49.3% in the milking group and 52.8% in the observation group. Milking of chest tubes was not associated with a lower postoperative mortality or morbidity (p=0.99 and p=0.67, respectively; chi-square test). We observed a significant increase of postoperative pleural effusion drainage in the milking group 48 h after surgery (p=0.004; unpaired t-test). No correlation was seen between milking of chest tubes and the duration of chest tube drainage, quality of effusion, air leakage or length of hospitalisation.


CONCLUSIONS
We showed for the first time that postoperative chest tube milking is associated with a significant increase of pleural fluid drainage. Postoperative morbidity and mortality was not improved and therefore chest tube milking cannot be recommended as a routine postoperative procedure.
Facilitator psychological constructs for mammography screening among Iranian women.

BACKGROUND
While many researchers often use a theoretical framework for mammogram repeat interventions, it seems they do not apply an identified mediation analysis method. The aim of this study was to determine the mediators of mammogram replication behavior in two tailored interventions for non-adherent Iranian women.


MATERIALS AND METHODS
A sample population of 184 women over 50 years old in Sanandaj, Iran, was selected for an experiment. Participants were randomly allocated into one of the three conditions: 1) an intervention based on the Health Belief Model (HBM) 2) an intervention based on an integration of the HBM and selected constructs from the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB), and 3) a control group. Constructs were measured before the intervention, and after a 6-month follow-up.


RESULTS
Perceived self-efficacy, behavioral control, and subjective norms were recognized as mediators in the HBM and selected constructs from the TPB intervention. Perceived susceptibility, severity, barriers, self-efficacy and behavioral control met the criteria for mediation in the HBM intervention.


CONCLUSIONS
This study was successful in establishing mediation in a sample of women. Our findings enrich the literature on mammography repeat, indicating key intervention factors, and relegating redundant ones in the Iranian populations. The use of strategies to increase mammography repeat, such HBM and TPB constructs is suggested to be important for maintaining a screening behavior, once the behavior has been adopted.
Design and Implementation of Autonomous Car using Raspberry Pi

The project aims to build a monocular vision autonomous car prototype using Raspberry Pi as a processing chip. An HD camera along with an ultrasonic sensor is used to provide necessary data from the real world to the car. The car is capable of reaching the given destination safely and intelligently thus avoiding the risk of human errors. Many existing algorithms like lane detection, obstacle detection are combined together to provide the necessary control to the car.
Social Defeat Stress-Induced Behavioral Responses are Mediated by the Endogenous Kappa Opioid System

Previous studies have demonstrated that repeated forced-swim stress-induced behaviors (including analgesia, immobility, and increased drug reward) were mediated by the release of endogenous prodynorphin-derived opioid peptides and subsequent activation of the kappa opioid receptor (KOR). We tested the generality of these effects using a different type of stressful situation: repeated social defeat. C57Bl/6 mice subjected to social defeat stress (SDS) over 3 days showed a characteristic stress-induced immobility and defeated-postural response, as well as stress-induced analgesia (SIA). Daily pretreatment with the KOR antagonist nor-binaltorphimine (nor-BNI, 10 mg/kg, i.p.) blocked the SIA and significantly reduced the stress-induced immobility on the second and third days of SDS exposure. In contrast, prodynorphin gene-disrupted mice showed no significant increase in immobility, socially defeated postures, or SIA following repeated exposure to SDS. Since both stress and the kappa opioid system can modulate the response to drugs of abuse, we tested the effects of SDS on cocaine-conditioned place preference (CPP). SDS-exposed mice conditioned with cocaine (15 mg/kg, s.c.) showed significant potentiation of place-preference for the drug-paired chamber over the responses of unstressed mice. Nor-BNI pretreatment blocked stress-induced potentiation of cocaine-CPP. Consistent with this result, mice lacking the prodynorphin gene did not show stress-induced potentiation of cocaine-CPP, whereas wild-type littermates did. The findings suggest that chronic SDS may activate the kappa opioid system to produce analgesia, immobility, social defeat postures, and resulting in a potentiation of the acute rewarding properties of cocaine.
Argument Relation Classification Using a Joint Inference Model

In this paper, we address the problem of argument relation classification where argument units are from different texts. We design a joint inference method for the task by modeling argument relation classification and stance classification jointly. We show that our joint model improves the results over several strong baselines.
Application of Monte Carlo simulation to generating system well-being analysis considering renewable sources

This paper presents an application of Monte Carlo chronological simulation to evaluate the reserve requirements of generating systems, considering renewable energy sources. The idea is to investigate the behavior of reliability indices, including those from the well-being analysis, when the major portion of the energy sources is renewable. Renewable in this work comprises hydroelectric, minihydroelectric and wind power sources. Case studies on a configuration of the Portuguese generating system are presented and discussed.
New ways of making academic articles easier to read

Numerous texts and articles provide guidelines on how to write academic articles. The aim of this particular paper, however, is to focus on more recent techniques in this respect that authors might like to consider when they are writing and revising text. Using examples mainly drawn from recent issues of the International Journal of Clinical and Health Psychology (IJCHP), I discuss new approaches to the presentation of titles, abstracts, reader guidance, introductions, methods, results, tables, figures and conclusions. Furthermore, where appropriate, I make reference to possible differences between the writing styles of Spanish and English authors, since the IJCHP publishes papers in both of these languages. There appear to be a number of different ways in which we can improve these particular aspects of academic writing, but some of these ways might be judged more acceptable in the writings of established authors rather than in those of novices, especially those writing in a second language.
Requirements by Contracts allow Automated System Testing

Use-cases and scenarios have been identified as good inputs to generate test cases and oracles at requirement level. Yet to have an automated generation, information is missing from use cases and sequence diagrams, such as the exact inputs of the system, and the ordering constraints between the use case. The contribution of this paper is then twofold. First we propose a contract language for functional requirements expressed as parameterized use cases. Then we provide a method, a formal model and a prototype tool to automatically derive both functional and robustness test cases from the requirements enhanced with contracts. We study the efficiency of the generated test cases on a case study.
On recalling ANT

The paper explores one after the other the four difhculties of actornetwork theory, that is the words 'actor', 'network' and 'theory'-without forgetting the hyphen. It tries to refocus the originality ol what is more a method to deploy the actor's own world building activities than an alternative social theory. Finally, it sketches ome of its remaining potential. I will start by saying that there are four things that do not work rvith actor-network theory; the word actor. the word network, the word theory and the hyphen! Four nails in the coffin. The first nail in the cofûn is I guess the word 'network', as John Law indicates in his paper in this volume. This is the great danger of using a technical metaphor slightly ahead of everyone's common use. Now that the World Wide Web exists, everyone believes they understand what a network is. tffhile twenty years ago there was still some freshness in the term as a critical tool against notions as diverse as institution, society, nation-state and, more generally, any flat surface, it has lost any cutting edge and is now the pet notion of all those who want to modernize modernization. 'Down with rigid institutions,' they all say, 'long live flexible networks.' What is the difference between the older and the new usage? At the time, the word network, like Deleuze's and Guattari's term rhizome, clearly meant a series oî transformations-ûanslations, transductions-which could not be captured by any of the traditional terms of social theory. With the new popularization of the word netrvork, it now means transport without deformation, an instantaneous, unmediated access to every piece of information. That is exactly the opposite of what we meant. What I would like to call 'double click information' has kil led the last brt of the crirical j The Editorial Board of The Sociological Review 1999. Published by Blackwell Publishers, :rl8 Cowley Road, Oxford OX4 lJF, UK and 350 Main Street, Malden, MA 02148. USA. e The Editorial Board ofThe Sociological Review 1999
Statin's cost-effectiveness: a Canadian analysis of commonly prescribed generic and brand name statins.

BACKGROUND
Generic statins may be considered as a compelling treatment option for managing dyslipidemia, due to their reduced cost, compared to their brand name equivalent. However, further assessment is needed to determine whether using a particular generic statin is more cost-effective relative to other brand-name statins.


OBJECTIVE
The purpose of this study is to compare the cost-effectiveness of the most commonly prescribed statins in Canada with respect to 1) lowering low-density lipoprotein cholesterol level (LDL-C) and 2) achieving National Cholesterol Education Program Adult Treatment Panel III (NCEP ATP III) LDL-C goal.


METHODS
The study was conducted from the perspective of Canadian payers over a 1-year time horizon. Clinical data were obtained from the STELLAR trial (n=2268) in which patients received fixed doses of rosuvastatin, atorvastatin, simvastatin and pravastatin. Brand and generic drug costs were based on wholesale acquisition costs. Relative cost-effectiveness was assessed using the net monetary benefit approach (NMB), which allows probabilistic cost-effectiveness comparison of the various treatment options over a wide range of willingness-to-pay (WTP) values for a unit of clinical effect.


RESULTS
Rosuvastatin 10mg was the most cost-effective statin over the largest range of WTP values. Pravastatin 10mg was cost-effective when the clinical outcomes had little or no monetary value. Rosuvastatin 20 mg was more cost-effective at the highest end of the WTP spectrum.


CONCLUSION
The result of this analysis provides evidence that prescribing generic statins in Canada does not necessarily translate into the most cost-effective option for treating dyslipidemia; especially as the monetary value of 1% decrease in LDL-C or patients achieving NCEP ATP III target increases.
An angle-based interest model for text recommendation

Building an interest model is the key to realize personalized text recommendation. Previous interest models neglect the fact that a user may have multiple angles of interest. Different angles of interest provide different requests and criteria for text recommendation. This paper proposes an interest model that consists of two kinds of angles: persistence and pattern, which can be combined to form complex angles. The model uses a new method to represent the long-term interest and the short-term interest, and distinguishes the interest in object and the interest in the link structure of objects. Experiments with news-scale text data show that the interest in object and the interest in link structure have real requirements, and it is effective to recommend texts according to the angles. © 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
XSSDS: Server-Side Detection of Cross-Site Scripting Attacks

Cross-site scripting (XSS) has emerged to one of the most prevalent type of security vulnerabilities. While the reason for the vulnerability primarily lies on the server-side, the actual exploitation is within the victim's Web browser on the client-side. Therefore, an operator of a Web application has only very limited evidence of XSS issues. In this paper, we propose a passive detection system to identify successful XSS attacks. Based on a prototypical implementation, we examine our approach's accuracy and verify its detection capabilities. We compiled a data-set of 500.000 individual HTTP request/response-pairs from 95 popular web applications for this, in combination with both real word and manually crafted XSS-exploits; our detection approach results in a total of zero false negatives for all tests, while maintaining an excellent false positive rate for more than 80% of the examined Web applications.
Comparing the sensitivity of linear and volumetric MRI measurements to detect changes in the size of vestibular schwannomas in patients with neurofibromatosis type 2 on bevacizumab treatment.

OBJECTIVE
To compare the sensitivity of linear and volumetric measurements on MRI in detecting schwannoma progression in patients with neurofibromatosis type 2 on bevacizumab treatment as well as the extent to which this depends on the size of the tumour.


METHODS
We compared retrospectively, changes in linear tumour dimensions at a range of thresholds to volumetric tumour measurements performed using Brainlab iPlan(®) software (Feldkirchen, Germany) and classified for tumour progression according to the Response Evaluation in Neurofibromatosis and Schwannomatosis (REiNS) criteria.


RESULTS
Assessment of 61 schwannomas in 46 patients with a median follow-up of 20 months (range 3-43 months) was performed. There was a mean of 7 time points per tumour (range 2-12 time points). Using the volumetric REiNS criteria as the gold standard, a sensitivity of 86% was achieved for linear measurement using a 2-mm threshold to define progression.


CONCLUSION
We propose that a change in linear measurement by 2 mm (particularly in tumours with starting diameters 20-30 mm, the majority of this cohort) could be used as a filter to identify cases of possible progression requiring volumetric analysis. This pragmatic approach can be used if stabilization of a previously growing schwannoma is sufficient for a patient to continue treatment in such a circumstance.


ADVANCES IN KNOWLEDGE
We demonstrate the real-world limitations of linear vs volumetric measurement in tumour response assessment and identify limited circumstances where linear measurements can be used to determine which patients require the more resource-intensive volumetric measurements.
Integrated Management of Priority Inversion in Real-Time Mach

Synchronization and communication are two common sources of priority inversion which may make the behavior of systems unpredictable and unanalyzable. In microkernel-based systems, they are heavily used for building operating system servers and decomposing applications into several tasks. The management of priorities in IPC and synchronization should be integrated using a uniform mechanism since priority inversion occurs if such integration is not supported. Also, a highly preemptable server structure should be provided because the execution in a server may take up too much time. In this paper, we propose an integrated real-time resource management model, and a real-time server model which solve the above problems. We implemented and evaluated the models in Real-Time Mach using a uniform mechanism. Our approach enables us to build operating system servers and to decompose applications into several tasks without incurring priority inversion.