LLukas22/scidocs huggingface dataset:
Crustal structure and nature of emplacement of the 85°E Ridge in the Mahanadi offshore based on constrained potential field modeling: Implications for intraplate plume emplaced volcanism

Abstract An integrated interpretation of multi-channel seismic reflection, gravity and magnetic datasets belonging to northern most part of the 85°E Ridge in the Mahanadi offshore is carried out to study the crustal structure and mode of its emplacement. The basement structure map of the ridge reveals that it is 130–150 km wide and is composed of an eastern high which appears as a continuous, broad and smooth topographyand the western high characterized by several steep isolated highs. The seismic velocities reported for the first time over the ridge indicate several sedimentary sequences ranging in velocities between 1.6 and 4.0 km/s above the acoustic basement top. The salient aspects of the sedimentary velocities are; a low velocity layer (2.6–3.2 km/s) within the Cretaceous sequence in the intervening depressions encompassing the flank region, and a regionally widespread higher velocity layer (3.5–3.8 km/s) belonging to the Eocene–Oligocene section overlying the ridge. A layer having a velocity of 4.2–4.7 km/s probably made of volcanoclastic rocks is observed immediately below the acoustic basement. The sediment isopach maps presented here for three major horizons are used to compute the 3-D sediment gravity effect to obtain a crustal Bouguer anomaly map of the region. Detailed analysis of the gravity and magnetic anomaly maps clearly demonstrates the continuity of ridge up to the Mahanadi coast at Chilka Lake. Seismically constrained gravity and magnetic models indicate that the ridge is composed of volcanic material that was emplaced on continental crust in the shelf-slope areas and over the oceanic crust in the deep offshore areas. The modeled crustal structure below the ridge further indicates volcanic emplacement of the ridge on a relatively younger lithosphere. We propose two alternative models for the emplacement of the ridge.
Year two assessment of fenofibric acid and moderate-dose statin combination: a phase 3, open-label, extension study.

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES
Long-term (>1 year) safety and efficacy studies of combination lipid therapy are lacking. This year 2 study evaluated fenofibric acid 135 mg in combination with moderate-dose statin (rosuvastatin 20 mg, simvastatin 40 mg or atorvastatin 40 mg) in patients with mixed dyslipidaemia.


METHODS
This was a phase 3, open-label, year 2 extension study in patients who had completed one of three double-blind, 12-week, controlled studies and the subsequent open-label, year 1 extension study. Patients in this study had mixed dyslipidaemia (high-density lipoprotein cholesterol [HDL-C] <40 mg/dL [<1.02 mmol/L] for men or <50 mg/dL [<1.28 mmol/L] for women, triglycerides [TG] > or =150 mg/dL [> or =1.69 mmol/L], and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol [LDL-C] > or =130 mg/dL [> or =3.37 mmol/L]) at the start of the controlled study, and had completed the year 1 extension study. Treatment was once-daily oral coadministration of fenofibric acid 135 mg and moderate-dose statin (rosuvastatin 20 mg, simvastatin 40 mg or atorvastatin 40 mg), and was identical to the treatment received in the year 1 study. The year 2 population safety data were summarized for the entire duration of fenofibric acid + statin therapy. Efficacy data were summarized by combination therapy group, as well as pooled across combination therapies, and summarized across the controlled and open-label studies.


RESULTS
Of the 310 patients enrolled into the year 2 study, 287 (93%) completed therapy. The mean cumulative exposure to combination therapy was 743 days across the studies. Adverse event rates were similar for all three combination therapy groups. No deaths or treatment-related serious adverse events occurred. The incidence of discontinuation due to adverse events was 2.9% overall. Rhabdomyolysis was not reported in any group. Overall, fenofibric acid + moderate-dose statin for > or =2 years resulted in sustained improvements in HDL-C (+17.4%), TG (-46.4%) and LDL-C (-40.4%).


CONCLUSIONS
This long-term study demonstrated that fenofibric acid + moderate-dose statin was generally well tolerated with no new or unexpected safety concerns, and resulted in comprehensive and sustained lipid improvements in patients with mixed dyslipidaemia.
Parkinson's disease: clinical features and diagnosis.

OBJECTIVE
Parkinson's disease (PD) is a progressive neurological disorder characterised by a large number of motor and non-motor features that can impact on function to a variable degree. This review describes the clinical characteristics of PD with emphasis on those features that differentiate the disease from other parkinsonian disorders.


METHODS
A MedLine search was performed to identify studies that assess the clinical characteristics of PD. Search terms included "Parkinson's disease", "diagnosis" and "signs and symptoms".


RESULTS
Because there is no definitive test for the diagnosis of PD, the disease must be diagnosed based on clinical criteria. Rest tremor, bradykinesia, rigidity and loss of postural reflexes are generally considered the cardinal signs of PD. The presence and specific presentation of these features are used to differentiate PD from related parkinsonian disorders. Other clinical features include secondary motor symptoms (eg, hypomimia, dysarthria, dysphagia, sialorrhoea, micrographia, shuffling gait, festination, freezing, dystonia, glabellar reflexes), non-motor symptoms (eg, autonomic dysfunction, cognitive/neurobehavioral abnormalities, sleep disorders and sensory abnormalities such as anosmia, paresthesias and pain). Absence of rest tremor, early occurrence of gait difficulty, postural instability, dementia, hallucinations, and the presence of dysautonomia, ophthalmoparesis, ataxia and other atypical features, coupled with poor or no response to levodopa, suggest diagnoses other than PD.


CONCLUSIONS
A thorough understanding of the broad spectrum of clinical manifestations of PD is essential to the proper diagnosis of the disease. Genetic mutations or variants, neuroimaging abnormalities and other tests are potential biomarkers that may improve diagnosis and allow the identification of persons at risk.
Analysis of resting heart rate and clinical characteristics in outpatients with stable coronary artery disease in Turkey: PULSE study.

BACKGROUND
An association between resting heart rate (RHR) and cardiovascular morbidity and mortality has been shown in patients with coronary artery disease (CAD). We aimed to evaluate the RHR and its relationship with clinical variables in outpatients with stable CAD at secondary and tertiary care centers in Turkey.


METHODS
Adults with stable CAD in sinus rhythm were included in this non-interventional, national, cross-sectional, multicenter study. Data were collected at a single study visit from 83 centers.


RESULTS
The mean ± standard deviation age of all patients (n = 2,919) was 61 ± 10 years and 73% were males. The mean (SD) RHR was 73 ± 12 bpm, and 62% of patients had RHR of ≥ 70 bpm. Females more frequently had RHR ≥ 70 bpm compared with males (67% vs. 60%; p = 0.002). RHR was significantly higher in patients with angina than in those without (76 ± 13 vs. 73 ± 11 bpm, p < 0.001). Left ventricular ejection fraction and heart rate lower-ing drug use were significantly lower in patients with a RHR ≥ 70 bpm (p < 0.05).


CONCLUSIONS
The RHR of outpatients with stable CAD was not within the level recommended by the guidelines.
Daily and cyclic parathyroid hormone in women receiving alendronate.

BACKGROUND
We evaluated whether patients with osteoporosis treated with long-term alendronate have a response to parathyroid hormone treatment and whether short, three-month cycles of parathyroid hormone therapy could be as effective as daily administration.


METHODS
We randomly assigned 126 women with osteoporosis who had been taking alendronate for at least 1 year to continued alendronate plus parathyroid hormone (1-34) subcutaneously daily, continued alendronate plus parathyroid hormone (1-34) subcutaneously daily for three 3-month cycles alternating with 3-month periods without parathyroid hormone, or alendronate alone for 15 months.


RESULTS
In both parathyroid hormone groups, bone formation indexes rose swiftly. Among the women who were receiving cyclic parathyroid hormone, bone formation declined during cycles without parathyroid hormone and increased again during cycles with parathyroid hormone. Bone resorption increased in both parathyroid hormone groups but increased progressively more in the daily-treatment group than in the cyclic-therapy group. Spinal bone mineral density rose 6.1 percent in the daily-treatment group and 5.4 percent in the cyclic-therapy group (P<0.001 for each parathyroid hormone group as compared with the alendronate group and no significant difference between parathyroid hormone groups). One woman in the daily-treatment group, two in the cyclic-therapy group, and four in the alendronate group had new or worsening vertebral deformities.


CONCLUSIONS
This study suggests that a regimen of three-month cycles of parathyroid hormone alternating with three-month cycles without parathyroid hormone causes the early phase of action of parathyroid hormone (characterized by pure stimulation of bone formation) to be dissociated from the later phase (activation of bone remodeling). The early phase may be more important to the increase in spinal bone mineral density. In patients with persistent osteoporosis after prior alendronate treatment, both daily treatment and cyclic treatment with parathyroid hormone increase spinal bone mineral density.
Reporting Score Distributions Makes a Difference: Performance Study of LSTM-networks for Sequence Tagging

In this paper we show that reporting a single performance score is insufficient to compare non-deterministic approaches. We demonstrate for common sequence tagging tasks that the seed value for the random number generator can result in statistically significant (p < 10−4) differences for state-of-the-art systems. For two recent systems for NER, we observe an absolute difference of one percentage point F1-score depending on the selected seed value, making these systems perceived either as state-of-the-art or mediocre. Instead of publishing and reporting single performance scores, we propose to compare score distributions based on multiple executions. Based on the evaluation of 50.000 LSTMnetworks for five sequence tagging tasks, we present network architectures that produce both superior performance as well as are more stable with respect to the remaining hyperparameters. The full experimental results are published in (Reimers and Gurevych, 2017).1 The implementation of our network is publicly available.2
A new and secure authentication scheme for wireless sensor networks with formal proof

Wireless sensor network(WSN) contains many specially distributed sensors which collect information for people to analyze appointed objects in real-time. WSN is deployed widely in many fields, such as fire detection and remote health care monitoring. User authentication is an important part for the communication of WSN. In 2014, Jiang et al. and Choi et al. proposed their authentication schemes for WSN, respectively. However, we find some weaknesses in them. Jiang et al.’s scheme cannot resist the De-Synchronization attack, the off-line guessing attack and the user forgery attack. Besides, it does not keep the character of strong forward security. Choi et al.’s scheme is under the off-line password guessing attack and the user Fan Wu conjurer1981@gmail.com Lili Xu xulili@xmu.edu.cn Saru Kumari saryusiirohi@gmail.com Xiong Li lixiong84@gmail.com 1 Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Xiamen Institute of Technology, Xiamen 361021, China 2 School of Information Science and Technology, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China 3 Department of Mathematics, Ch. Charan Singh University, Meerut 250005, Uttar Pradesh, India 4 School of Computer Science and Engineering, Hunan University of Science and Technology, Xiangtan 411201, China 5 Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing 210044, China impersonation attack without user anonymity. We present an improved authentication scheme and prove it to be secure with the formal security model. Also, we analyze the concrete secure characters and the performance of our scheme. Through comparison with some recent schemes, our scheme is more practical and fit for applications.
Factors Affecting the Academic Achievement : A Study of Elementary School Students of NCR Delhi , India

Aim: The foremost aim of the study was to investigate and analyze the relationship of General Mental Ability, Interest and home environmentwith Academic Achievement.Methods:The participants were 110 students drawn from three KendryaVidyalayas of Delhi. Their ages ranged between 13 and 14 with a mean age of 13.6 years. Two validated instruments were used to elicit responses from the participants-General mental ability test prepared by R. K Tandon (1972),Multiphasic Interest Inventory of S. K. Bawa (1998) and Home EnvironmentInventory of K S Mishra (1989) were administered on the selected sample. Whereas their annual examination grades of class VIIwere considered as academic achievement.Findings: Four major hypotheses were formulated and tested at 0.01 level of significance. Pearson-Moment Correlation Co-efficient and t-test were used to analyze the data. The study reveals that General Mental Ability, home environmentInterest and academic achievement are significantly and positively correlated. Whereas the high score of girls indicates that they are superior to boys.
Physical interaction for segmentation of unknown textured and non-textured rigid objects

We present an approach for autonomous interactive object segmentation by a humanoid robot. The visual segmentation of unknown objects in a complex scene is an important prerequisite for e.g. object learning or grasping, but extremely difficult to achieve through passive observation only. Our approach uses the manipulative capabilities of humanoid robots to induce motion on the object and thus integrates the robots manipulation and sensing capabilities to segment previously unknown objects. We show that this is possible without any human guidance or pre-programmed knowledge, and that the resulting motion allows for reliable and complete segmentation of new objects in an unknown and cluttered environment. We extend our previous work, which was restricted to textured objects, by devising new methods for the generation of object hypotheses and the estimation of their motion after being pushed by the robot. These methods are mainly based on the analysis of motion of color annotated 3D points obtained from stereo vision, and allow the segmentation of textured as well as non-textured rigid objects. In order to evaluate the quality of the obtained segmentations, they are used to train a simple object recognizer. The approach has been implemented and tested on the humanoid robot ARMAR-III, and the experimental results confirm its applicability on a wide variety of objects even in highly cluttered scenes.
Randomized comparison of intra-aortic balloon support with a percutaneous left ventricular assist device in patients with revascularized acute myocardial infarction complicated by cardiogenic shock.

AIMS
Mortality in cardiogenic shock (CS) following acute myocardial infarction (AMI) remains unacceptably high despite percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) of the infarcted artery and use of intra-aortic balloon pump (IABP) counterpulsation. A newly developed percutaneous left ventricular assist device (VAD) (Tandem Heart, Cardiac Assist, Pittsburgh, PA, USA) with active circulatory support might have positive haemodynamic effects and decrease mortality.


METHODS AND RESULTS
Patients in CS after AMI, with intended PCI of the infarcted artery, were randomized to either IABP (n=20) or percutaneous VAD support (n=21). The primary outcome measure cardiac power index, as well as other haemodynamic and metabolic variables, could be improved more effectively by VAD support from 0.22 [interquartile range (IQR) 0.19-0.30] to 0.37 W/m2 (IQR 0.30-0.47, P<0.001) when compared with IABP from 0.22 (IQR 0.18-0.30) to 0.28 W/m2 (IQR 0.24-0.36, P=0.02; P=0.004 for intergroup comparison). However, complications like severe bleeding (n=19 vs. n=8, P=0.002) or limb ischaemia (n=7 vs. n=0, P=0.009) were encountered more frequently after VAD support, whereas 30 day mortality was similar (IABP 45% vs. VAD 43%, log-rank, P=0.86).


CONCLUSION
Haemodynamic and metabolic parameters can be reversed more effectively by VAD than by standard treatment with IABP. However, more complications were encountered by the highly invasive procedure and by the extracorporeal support.
Two unusual cases of allergic contact stomatitis caused by methacrylates.

A 57-year-old female presented with facial oedema, cheilitis and stomatitis that started after three overnight applications of the ‘Evolution’TM home tooth-whitening kit. Her symptoms slowly resolved without treatment 3 days after she stopped using the product. The whitening kit includes an individualized plastic dental mould, which is prepared by the dentist, and a whitening gel, which contains 2-hydroxyethylmethacrylate (2-HEMA). 2-HEMA is used to create a gel-like substance and to stabilize the pH, to improve bleaching efficacy. The gel is applied to the mould, and sits in the mouth overnight. Patch testing with the British baseline series and an ‘acrylates’ series was performed, with allergens from Chemotechnique Diagnostics (Vellinge, Sweden) applied in Finn Chambers® (Epitest, Oy, Finland) on Scanpor® tape (Actavis, Vennesla, Norway), according to ICDRG guidelines. Readings at day (D)2 and D4 showed positive (+) reactions to 2-HEMA and ethyleneglycol dimethacrylate on D4.
Optimal Slice Allocation in 5G Core Networks

5G network slicing is essential to providing flexible, scalable and on-demand solutions for the vast array of applications in 5G networks. Two key challenges of 5G network slicing are function isolation (intra-slice) and guaranteeing end-to-end delay for a slice. In this paper, we address the question of optimal allocation of a slice in 5G core networks by addressing these two challenges. We adopt and extend the work by D. Dietrich et al. [1] to create a model that satisfies constraints on end-to-end delay as well as isolation between components of a slice for reliability.
PowerAI DDL

As deep neural networks become more complex and input data-sets grow larger, it can take days or even weeks to train a deep neural network to the desired accuracy. Therefore, distributed Deep Learning at a massive scale is a critical capability, since it offers the potential to reduce the training time from weeks to hours. In this paper, we present a software-hardware co-optimized distributed Deep Learning system that can achieve near-linear scaling up to hundreds of GPUs. The core algorithm is a multi-ring communication pattern that provides a good tradeoff between latency and bandwidth and adapts to a variety of system configurations. The communication algorithm is implemented as a library for easy use. This library has been integrated into Tensorflow, Caffe, and Torch. We train Resnet-101 on Imagenet 22K with 64 IBM Power8 S822LC servers (256 GPUs) in about 7 hours to an accuracy of 33.8% validation accuracy. Microsoft’s ADAM [10] and Google’s DistBelief [11] results did not reach 30% validation accuracy for Imagenet 22K. Compared to Facebook’s recent paper [1] on 256 GPU training, we use a different communication algorithm, and our combined software and hardware system offers better communication overhead for Resnet50. A PowerAI DDL enabled version of Torch completed 90 epochs of training on Resnet 50 for 1K classes in 50 minutes using 64 IBM Power8 S822LC servers (256 GPUs).
A flexible architecture for pointcut-advice language implementations

Current implementations for aspect-oriented programming languages map the aspect-oriented concepts of source programs to object-oriented bytecode. This hinders execution environments with dedicated support for such concepts in applying their optimizations, as they have to recover the original aspect definition from bytecode. To address this representational gap we propose an architecture for implementations of pointcut-advice languages where aspect-oriented concepts are preserved as first-class entities. In this architecture, compilers generate a model of the crosscutting which is executed by virtual machines.
 In this paper we discuss a meta-model for aspect-oriented concepts and a virtual machine-integrated weaver for the meta-model. As a proof of concept, we also provide an instantiation of the meta-model with the AspectJ language and an AspectJ compiler complying with the proposed architecture. We also discuss how preexisting high-performance optimizations of aspect-oriented concepts benefit from the proposed architecture.
A Marxist accounting history of the British industrial revolution: a review of evidence and suggestions for research

Abstract An important debate neglected by accounting historians concerns the existence, origins and significance of the British Industrial Revolution (BIR). A key problem is explaining why Britain was such a technologically creative society. Part one uses accounting ideas to explain Marx's theory that industrial capitalism first appeared in Britain and was revolutionary because it took control of production to maximise the rate-of-return on capital employed. Part two shows that accumulating evidence of the use of modern management accounting by leading firms during the BIR supports Marx's view that it was a capitalist revolution in his sense. Part three argues that the accounting history of Boulton and Watt supports the hypothesis that the capitalist mentality and accounts drove revolutions in the technical and social relations of production during the BIR. Part four re-examines other well-known key sites for the study of accounting history and argues that these cases support the hypothesis that the primary cause of variations in accounting during the BIR was variations in the social relations of production. The paper makes suggestions for further research and concludes that, by thoroughly testing Marx's theory, accounting historians can make an important contribution to a major historical debate.
A Primal-Dual Algorithm for Higher-Order Multilabel Markov Random Fields

Graph cuts method such as &alpha;-expansion [4] and fusion moves [22] have been successful at solving many optimization problems in computer vision. Higher-order Markov Random Fields (MRF's), which are important for numerous applications, have proven to be very difficult, especially for multilabel MRF's (i.e. more than 2 labels). In this paper we propose a new primal-dual energy minimization method for arbitrary higher-order multilabel MRF's. Primal-dual methods provide guaranteed approximation bounds, and can exploit information in the dual variables to improve their efficiency. Our algorithm generalizes the PD3 [19] technique for first-order MRFs, and relies on a variant of max-flow that can exactly optimize certain higher-order binary MRF's [14]. We provide approximation bounds similar to PD3 [19], and the method is fast in practice. It can optimize non-submodular MRF's, and additionally can in- corporate problem-specific knowledge in the form of fusion proposals. We compare experimentally against the existing approaches that can efficiently handle these difficult energy functions [6, 10, 11]. For higher-order denoising and stereo MRF's, we produce lower energy while running significantly faster.