LLukas22/scidocs huggingface dataset:
Comparative Study on the Corrosion Inhibition of Mild Steel by Aqueous Extract of Fenugreek Seeds and Leaves in Acidic Solutions

Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy and potentiodynamic polarization measurements were used to study the effect of Aqueous Extract of Fenugreek Leaves (AEFL) and Aqueous Extract of Fenugreek Seeds (AEFS) on the corrosion of mild steel sin HCl and H SO solutions. In both acids, AEFL and AEFS act 2 4 predominately as anodic type inhibitors. The inhibition efficiency of both AEFL and AEFS increases with increasing of their concentration in 2.0 M of both acids, but at certain concentration of both extracts it decreases with increasing concentration of both acids. However, in HCl solutions, the inhibition efficiency of both AEFL and AEFS was always greater than in H SO solutions for otherwise identical conditions. In HCl 2 4 solutions the adsorption of both AEFL and AEFS on mild steel surface obeys the Langmuir adsorption isotherm, while obeys the Temkin adsorption isotherm in H SO solutions. It was found that the obtained 2 4 results from EIS and PDP measurements are in good agreement. Good correlation between the inhibitor constituents and its inhibition efficiency in both acids was obtained and discussed.
[Reliability and validity of the Turkish version of the Chronic Heart Failure Questionnaire].

OBJECTIVE
Any disease specific Health Related Quality of Life Instrument for Chronic Heart Failure (CHF) is lacking in Turkey. The aim of this study is to adapt the Chronic Heart Failure Questionnaire (CHQ) into Turkish and probe the reliability and validity of this questionnaire.


METHODS
There are four dimensions of this 20 items scale. These dimensions are: dyspnea (5 items), fatigue (4 items), emotional status (7 items) and mastery (4 items). Response options were evaluated using a 7 -point Likert type scale. Quality of life (QOL) improves as the score increases. A total of 205 CHF patients hospitalized in the Department of Cardiology of Ege University hospital were enrolled in this study. The CHQ was applied to the patients twice with a wash-out period of 15 days. Confirmatory approach was used during the reliability and validity analysis. Cronbach alpha test was used for the reliability analysis. Confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) was used for the construct validity testing. NYHA classification for testing the criterion validity; SF-36 and WHOQOL-100 General Health and QOL facet for convergent validity testing of the Turkish version of the CHQ were used. Responsiveness to change was evaluated by Effect Size analysis by using test-retest data.


RESULTS
The range of Cronbach alpha values is 0.72-0.94. A considerable ceiling and floor effects were observed for the dyspnea dimension of the scale but no problematic items were observed for the entire scale. The CFA results supported the original four factors scale structure. Criterion and construct validity rebuts were satisfactory. Effect sizes obtained among dimensions of the CHQ were between 0.13 and 0.56.


CONCLUSION
Overall results revealed that Turkish version of the CHQ is a reliable and valid instrument to be used for the evaluation of CHF patients.
3-D growth of a short fatigue crack within a polycrystalline microstructure studied using combined diffraction and phase-contrast X-ray tomography

X-Ray Diffraction Contrast Tomography (DCT) is a recently developed, non-destructive synchrotron imaging technique which characterizes microstructure and grain orientation in polycrystalline materials in three dimensions (3D). By combining it with propagation based Phase Contrast Tomography (PCT) it is possible to get a full picture description for the analysis of local crack growth rate of short fatigue cracks (SFCs) in 3D: the 3D crack morphology at different propagation stages, and the shape and orientation of the grains around the crack. An approach has been developed on the metastable beta titanium alloy “Ti 21S” that allows for visualization and analysis of the growth rate and crystallographic orientation of the fracture surface.
Subcutaneous cod liver oil injection for penile augmentation: review of literature and report of eight cases.

OBJECTIVES
To study the presentations and treatment outcome of 8 consecutive patients for whom cod liver oil was injected in the subcutaneous area of their penises by a lay person for purpose of augmentation.


METHODS
Various amounts of cod liver oil were injected in the subcutaneous area of the penis of 8 low socioeconomic class patients by a nonmedical person. They presented by various complications ranging from paraphimosis up to abscess formation and necrosis of penile skin. All the patients underwent emergency initial surgical intervention ranging from dorsal preputial slit to skin debridement. Definitive surgical treatment was carried out using local penile flap and V-Y plasty.


RESULTS
The severity of complications was correlated to the amount of oil injected and the time interval between injections and presentation. All the 8 patients were cured after different staged surgical procedures. The postoperative course was uneventful in 6 patients, and 2 patients suffered from wound infection after the secondary treatment. All patients had acceptable cosmetic and functional outcome, and were satisfied regarding the length of the penis. None reported erectile dysfunction.


CONCLUSIONS
Increased public awareness is indicated to avoid this problem. Early detection and prompt treatment give acceptable anatomic and functional results.
Brands and Their Meaning Makers

Just 25 years have passed since the publication of seminal works on the strategic power of the brand, yet, in this short time, branding has attained noted disciplinary status. Although only a handful of branding books were available a mere 15 years ago, and branding textbooks had yet been written, those interested in branding today can consult hundreds of books and articles, attend numerous conferences dedicated to building and leveraging brand assets, and hire a range of consultancies dedicated to specialized branding concerns. In the marketing academy, branding issues dominate the list of research priorities (Marketing Science Institute 2002, 2004), with particular attention to managerially directed topics including brand equity measurement, brand accountability, brand leverage and architecture, and internal branding. As recognition of the strategic value of branding has increased, the scope of application of branding insights has expanded in kind. Branding has extended beyond consumer goods and services to include business-to-business domains (Webster Jr. & Keller, 2004), countries (van Ham, 2001), and people (Schroeder, 2005a). Inside the fi rm, Chief Branding Offi cers have emerged, granting marketing a coveted boardroom voice (Davis & Dunn, 2002). With intangible assets now accounting, on average, for 75% of the value that investors place in fi rms (Knowles, 2003), we have entered what may be called the Golden Age of Brands. Consumer psychologists have made signifi cant contributions in shaping an interpretation of brands (e.g., Keller, 2003; Keller & Lehmann, 2005). Branding topics have been featured in a signifi cant number of award-winning articles published in the Journal of Marketing, Journal of Consumer Research, and Journal of Marketing Research by consumer researchers: strategic brand management (Park, Jaworski, & Maclnnis, 1986), brand knowledge (Keller, 1993), brand processing cues (Van Osselaer & Alba, 2000), and brand equity measurement (Ailawadi, Neslin, & Lehmann, 2003; Dillon et al., 2001) are exemplars. Moreover, these contributions have carried over to the practice of
A Flexible Real-Time Control System for Autonomous Vehicles

In this paper we present a framework for the real-time control of lightweight autonomous vehicles which comprehends a proposed hardand software design. The system can be used for many kinds of vehicles and offers high computing power and flexibility in respect of the control algorithms and additional application dependent tasks. It was originally developed to control a small quad-rotor UAV where stringent restrictions in weight and size of the hardware components exist, but has been transfered to a fixed-wing UAV and a ground vehicle for inand outdoor search and rescue missions. The modular structure and the use of a standard PC architecture at an early stage simplifies reuse of components and fast integration of new features. Figure 1: Quadrotor UAV controlled by the proposed system
Online health information seeking: how people with multiple sclerosis find, assess and integrate treatment information to manage their health.

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE
The Internet is increasingly prominent as a source of health information for people with multiple sclerosis (MS). But there has been little exploration of the needs, experiences and preferences of people with MS for integrating treatment information into decision making, in the context of searching on the Internet. This was the aim of our study.


DESIGN
Sixty participants (51 people with MS; nine family members) took part in a focus group or online forum. They were asked to describe how they find and assess reliable treatment information (particularly online) and how this changes over time. Thematic analysis was underpinned by a coding frame.


RESULTS
Participants described that there was both too much information online and too little that applied to them. They spoke of wariness and scepticism but also empowerment. The availability of up-to-date and unbiased treatment information, including practical and lifestyle-related information, was important to many. Many participants were keen to engage in a 'research partnership' with health professionals and developed a range of strategies to enhance the trustworthiness of online information. We use the term 'self-regulation' to capture the variations in information seeking behaviour that participants described over time, as they responded to their changing information needs, their emotional state and growing expertise about MS.


CONCLUSIONS
People with MS have developed a number of strategies to both find and integrate treatment information from a range of sources. Their reflections informed the development of an evidence-based consumer web site based on summaries of MS Cochrane reviews.
Skeletal Muscle Remodeling in Response to Eccentric vs. Concentric Loading: Morphological, Molecular, and Metabolic Adaptations

Skeletal muscle contracts either by shortening or lengthening (concentrically or eccentrically, respectively); however, the two contractions substantially differ from one another in terms of mechanisms of force generation, maximum force production and energy cost. It is generally known that eccentric actions generate greater force than isometric and concentric contractions and at a lower metabolic cost. Hence, by virtue of the greater mechanical loading involved in active lengthening, eccentric resistance training (ECC RT) is assumed to produce greater hypertrophy than concentric resistance training (CON RT). Nonetheless, prevalence of either ECC RT or CON RT in inducing gains in muscle mass is still an open issue, with some studies reporting greater hypertrophy with eccentric, some with concentric and some with similar hypertrophy within both training modes. Recent observations suggest that such hypertrophic responses to lengthening vs. shortening contractions are achieved by different adaptations in muscle architecture. Whilst the changes in muscle protein synthesis in response to acute and chronic concentric and eccentric exercise bouts seem very similar, the molecular mechanisms regulating the myogenic adaptations to the two distinct loading stimuli are still incompletely understood. Thus, the present review aims to, (a) critically discuss the literature on the contribution of eccentric vs. concentric loading to muscular hypertrophy and structural remodeling, and, (b) clarify the molecular mechanisms that may regulate such adaptations. We conclude that, when matched for either maximum load or work, similar increase in muscle size is found between ECC and CON RT. However, such hypertrophic changes appear to be achieved through distinct structural adaptations, which may be regulated by different myogenic and molecular responses observed between lengthening and shortening contractions.
Effects of handholding and providing information on anxiety in patients undergoing percutaneous vertebroplasty.

AIMS AND OBJECTIVES
This study evaluated the effects of handholding and spoken information provided on the anxiety of patients undergoing percutaneous vertebroplasty under local anaesthesia.


BACKGROUND
A surgical intervention usually entails physical discomfort and psychological burden. Furthermore, patients under local anaesthesia are conscious during the surgical intervention, which leads to more anxiety, as patients are aware of their surroundings in the operating theatre.


DESIGN
A quasi-experimental design with a nonequivalent control group was utilised.


METHODS
Amsterdam preoperative anxiety scale assessed psychological anxiety, while blood pressure and pulse were measured to evaluate physiological anxiety. Participants were 94 patients undergoing percutaneous vertebroplasty in a spine hospital in Gwangju Metropolitan City, South Korea. Thirty patients were assigned to Experimental Group I, 34 to the Experimental Group II and 30 to the control group. During a surgical intervention, nurses held the hands of those in Experimental Group I and provided them with spoken information. Patients in Experimental Group II experienced only handholding.


RESULTS
Psychological anxiety in Experimental Group I was low compared to those in Experimental Group II and the control group. In addition, there were significant decreases in systolic blood pressure in both Experimental Groups compared to the control group.


CONCLUSIONS
Handholding and spoken information provided during a surgical intervention to mitigate psychological anxiety, and handholding to mitigate physiological anxiety can be used in nursing interventions with patients undergoing percutaneous vertebroplasty.


RELEVANCE TO CLINICAL PRACTICE
Handholding and providing nursing information are possibly very useful interventions that are easily implemented by circulating nurses during a surgical intervention. In particular, handholding is a simple, economical and appropriate way to help patient in the operating theatre.
Predictors of substance abuse treatment need and receipt among homeless women.

Many homeless women do not receive needed treatment for substance abuse. This study identified social network and other predisposing factors associated with perceived need for and receipt of substance abuse treatment among 273 homeless women who screened positive for past-year substance abuse. Perceived treatment need was more likely among women with drug-using sex partners, a denser network, and an arrest history but less likely for those with a minor child and a longer history of homelessness. Receiving treatment was more likely among women who received informational support from their sex partners and who had an arrest history but less likely among those who had a more street-based social network, had a minor child, considered themselves homeless, and recently needed mental health treatment. Treatment services researchers should attend more closely to social contextual factors, as well as the more traditional individual factors, to understand access and barriers to treatment.
SVM based Emotional Speaker Recognition using MFCC-SDC Features

Enhancing the performance of emotional speaker recognition process has witnessed an increasing interest in the last years. This paper highlights a methodology for speaker recognition under different emotional states based on the multiclass Support Vector Machine (SVM) classifier. We compare two feature extraction methods which are used to represent emotional speech utterances in order to obtain best accuracies. The first method known as traditional Mel-Frequency Cepstral Coefficients (MFCC) and the second one is MFCC combined with Shifted-Delta-Cepstra (MFCC-SDC). Experimentations are conducted on IEMOCAP database using two multiclass SVM approaches: One-Against-One (OAO) and One Against-All (OAA). Obtained results show that MFCC-SDC features outperform the conventional MFCC. Keywords—Emotion; Speaker recognition; Mel Frequency Cepstral Coefficients (MFCC); Shifted-Delta-Cepstral (SDC); SVM
Effect of interactive metronome training on children with ADHD.

OBJECTIVE
The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of a specific intervention, the Interactive Metronome, on selected aspects of motor and cognitive skills in a group of children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD).


METHOD
The study included 56 boys who were 6years to 12 years of age and diagnosed before they entered the study as having ADHD. The participants were pretested and randomly assigned to one of three matched groups. A group of 19 participants receiving 15 hr of Interactive Metronome training exercises were compared with a group receiving no intervention and a group receiving training on selected computer video games.


RESULTS
A significant pattern of improvement across 53 of 58 variables favoring the Interactive Metronome treatment was found. Additionally, several significant differences were found among the treatment groups and between pretreatment and posttreatment factors on performance in areas of attention, motor control, language processing, reading, and parental reports of improvements in regulation of aggressive behavior.


CONCLUSION
The Interactive Metronome training appears to facilitate a number of capacities, including attention, motor control, and selected academic skills, in boys with ADHD.
Contribution of ABL kinase domain mutations to imatinib resistance in different subsets of Philadelphia-positive patients: by the GIMEMA Working Party on Chronic Myeloid Leukemia.

PURPOSE
ABL kinase domain mutations have been implicated in the resistance to the BCR-ABL inhibitor imatinib mesylate of Philadelphia-positive (Ph+) leukemia patients.


EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN
Using denaturing high-performance liquid chromatography and sequencing, we screened for ABL kinase domain mutations in 370 Ph+ patients with evidence of hematologic or cytogenetic resistance to imatinib.


RESULTS
Mutations were found in 127 of 297 (43%) evaluable patients. Mutations were found in 27% of chronic-phase patients (14% treated with imatinib frontline; 31% treated with imatinib post-IFN failure), 52% of accelerated-phase patients, 75% of myeloid blast crisis patients, and 83% of lymphoid blast crisis/Ph+ acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) patients. Mutations were associated in 30% of patients with primary resistance (44% hematologic and 28% cytogenetic) and in 57% of patients with acquired resistance (23% patients who lost cytogenetic response; 55% patients who lost hematologic response; and 87% patients who progressed to accelerated phase/blast crisis). P-loop and T315I mutations were particularly frequent in advanced-phase chronic myeloid leukemia and Ph+ ALL patients, and often accompanied progression from chronic phase to accelerated phase/blast crisis.


CONCLUSIONS
We conclude that (a) amino acid substitutions at seven residues (M244V, G250E, Y253F/H, E255K/V, T315I, M351T, and F359V) account for 85% of all resistance-associated mutations; (b) the search for mutations is important both in case of imatinib failure and in case of loss of response at the hematologic or cytogenetic level; (c) advanced-phase chronic myeloid leukemia and Ph+ ALL patients have a higher likelihood of developing imatinib-resistant mutations; and (d) the presence of either P-loop or T315I mutations in imatinib-treated patients should warn the clinician to reconsider the therapeutic strategy.
Kawasaki disease.

Parents worry about meningitis, but few have heard of Kawasaki disease, and most doctors have never seen a case. But Kawasaki disease is an important diagnosis not tomiss in febrile children because treatmentwithin the first 10 days of illness may prevent acute and long term coronary artery damage, which on rare occasions can be fatal. Diagnostic difficulty arises becausemany of the early clinical features of Kawasaki diseasemimic other more common self limiting febrile illnesses. To make an early diagnosis of Kawasaki disease doctors should have a high index of suspicion in an irritable child with five or more days of fever, irrespective of other clinical features. This article aims to give an overview of Kawasaki disease for doctors whomanage febrile children.
Victim derogation and victim enhancement as alternate routes to system justification.

Abstract-Numerous studies have documented the potential for victim-blaming attributions to justify the status quo. Recent work suggests that complementary, victim-enhancing stereotypes may also increase support for existing social arrangements. We seek to reconcile these seemingly contradictory findings by proposing that victim derogation and victim enhancement are alternate routes to system justification, with the preferred route depending on the perception of a causal link between trait and outcome. Derogating "losers" (and lionizing "winners") on traits (e.g., intelligence) that are causally related to outcomes (e.g., wealth vs. poverty) serves to increase system justification, as does compensating "losers" (and downgrading "winners") on traits (e.g., physical attractiveness) that are causally unrelated to those outcomes. We provide converging evidence using system-threat and stereotype-activation paradigms.
The Judgment of Sense: Renaissance Naturalism and the Rise of Aesthetics (Ideas in Context Series)

List of figures Preface List of abbreviations Introduction 1. The primacy of sight 2. The fallacies of sight 3. The harmony of the spheres 4. The harmony of the senses 5. The common sense 6. Spiritus 7. The light of the piazza 8. Optics and the common sense 9. Confused knowledge 10. Cogitation 11. The mechanical arts 12. Prudence 13. The spark of God Conclusions Bibliography Index.
Development and implementation of a hybrid intelligent controller for interior permanent-magnet synchronous motor drives

A hybrid neuro-fuzzy scheme for online tuning of a genetic-based proportional-integral (PI) controller for an interior permanent-magnet synchronous motor (IPMSM) drive is presented in this paper. The proposed controller is developed for accurate speed control of the IPMSM drive under various system disturbances. In this work, initially different operating conditions are obtained based on motor dynamics incorporating uncertainties. At each operating condition a genetic algorithm is used to optimize the PI controller parameters in a closed-loop vector control scheme. In the optimization procedure a performance index is developed to reflect the minimum speed deviation, minimum settling time and zero steady-state error. A fuzzy basis function network (FBFN) is utilized for online tuning of the PI controller parameters to ensure optimum drive performance under different disturbances. The proposed FBFN-based PI controller provides a natural framework for combining numerical and linguistic information in a uniform fashion. The proposed controller is successfully implemented in real time using a digital signal processor board DS 1102 for a laboratory 1-hp IPMSM. The effectiveness of the proposed controller is verified by simulation as well as experimental results at different dynamic operating conditions. The proposed controller is found to be robust for applications in an IPMSM drive.