LLukas22/scidocs huggingface dataset:
Knowledge management and measurement: a critical review

Purpose Knowledge is the currency of the current economy, a vital organisational asset and a key to creating a sustainable competitive advantage. The consequent interest in Knowledge Management (KM) has spurred an exponential increase in publications covering a broad spectrum of diverse and overlapping research areas. The purpose of this paper is to provide a literature review and categorised analysis of the rapidly growing number of KM publications, and offer a comprehensive reference for newcomers embarking on research in the field with a particular focus on the area of Knowledge Measurement. A total of 350 articles published in peer-reviewed journals and conferences over the last decade are carefully reviewed, analysed and categorised according to their specific subject matter in the KM context. Social issues, and (5) Knowledge Measurement. Despite the accumulation of extensive publication efforts in some areas, a series of disagreements and a theory-practice gap are revealed as challenging issues that need to be addressed. The scope of this study does not cover KM research in its entirety due to the vast nature of the research field. Originality/Value This paper presents a new birds-eye view of the KM landscape through a comprehensive taxonomy of KM research providing researchers with new insights for future applied research, and offers a critical review of major knowledge measurement frameworks.
The use of Lean and Six Sigma methodologies in surgery: a systematic review.

BACKGROUND
Lean and Six Sigma are improvement methodologies developed in the manufacturing industry and have been applied to healthcare settings since the 1990 s. They use a systematic and reproducible approach to provide Quality Improvement (QI), with a flexible process that can be applied to a range of outcomes across different patient groups. This review assesses the literature with regard to the use and utility of Lean and Six Sigma methodologies in surgery.


METHODS
MEDLINE, Embase, PsycINFO, Allied and Complementary Medicine Database, British Nursing Index, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature, Health Business Elite and the Health Management Information Consortium were searched in January 2014. Experimental studies were included if they assessed the use of Lean or Six Sigma on the ability to improve specified outcomes in surgical patients.


RESULTS
Of the 124 studies returned, 23 were suitable for inclusion with 11 assessing Lean, 6 Six Sigma and 6 Lean Six Sigma. The broad range of outcomes can be collated into six common aims: to optimise outpatient efficiency, to improve operating theatre efficiency, to decrease operative complications, to reduce ward-based harms, to reduce mortality and to limit unnecessary cost and length of stay. The majority of studies (88%) demonstrate improvement; however high levels of systematic bias and imprecision were evident.


CONCLUSION
Lean and Six Sigma QI methodologies have the potential to produce clinically significant improvement for surgical patients. However there is a need to conduct high-quality studies with low risk of systematic bias in order to further understand their role.
Abfraction, abrasion, biocorrosion, and the enigma of noncarious cervical lesions: a 20-year perspective.

UNLABELLED
Hitherto, noncarious cervical lesions (NCCLs) of teeth have been generally ascribed to either toothbrush-dentifrice abrasion or acid "erosion." The last two decades have provided a plethora of new studies concerning such lesions. The most significant studies are reviewed and integrated into a practical approach to the understanding and designation of these lesions. A paradigm shift is suggested regarding use of the term "biocorrosion" to supplant "erosion" as it continues to be misused in the United States and many other countries of the world. Biocorrosion embraces the chemical, biochemical, and electrochemical degradation of tooth substance caused by endogenous and exogenous acids, proteolytic agents, as well as the piezoelectric effects only on dentin. Abfraction, representing the microstructural loss of tooth substance in areas of stress concentration, should not be used to designate all NCCLs because these lesions are commonly multifactorial in origin. Appropriate designation of a particular NCCL depends upon the interplay of the specific combination of three major mechanisms: stress, friction, and biocorrosion, unique to that individual case. Modifying factors, such as saliva, tongue action, and tooth form, composition, microstructure, mobility, and positional prominence are elucidated.


CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE
By performing a comprehensive medical and dental history, using precise terms and concepts, and utilizing the Revised Schema of Pathodynamic Mechanisms, the dentist may successfully identify and treat the etiology of root surface lesions. Preventive measures may be instituted if the causative factors are detected and their modifying factors are considered.
Acute toxicity profile in prostate cancer with conventional and hypofractionated treatment

PURPOSE
To compare the acute toxicities in radical treatment of prostate cancer between conventional schedule (C-ARM) with 78 Gy/39 fractions and hypofractionation conformal treatment (H-ARM) with 69 Gy/23 fractions.


METHODS AND MATERIAL
This prospective double arm study consisted of 217 patients with prostate cancer, 112 in H-ARM and 105 in C-ARM arm. C-ARM received conventional six- field conformal radiotherapy with 78 Gy in 39 fractions while H-ARM received hypofractionation with 69 Gy in 23 fractions. Weekly assessment of acute reactions was done during treatment and with one, and 3 months using RTOG scale. Univariated analysis was performed to evaluate differences between the incidences of acute reaction in the treatment arms. Variables with p value less than 0.1 were included in the multivariated logistic regression.


RESULTS
There was no difference between H-ARM versus C-ARM for severity and incidence in genitourinary (GU) and gastrointestinal (GI) acute toxicity. During the treatment comparing H-ARM with C-ARM no differences was observed for GI toxicity (grade 0-3; H-ARM=45.5%, 34%, 18.7% and 1.8% versus C-ARM=47.6%, 35.2%, 17.2% and 0). For acute GU toxicity no difference was detected between H-ARM (grade 0-3; 22.3%, 54.5%, 18.7% and 4.5%) and C-ARM (grade 0-3; 25.8%, 53.3%, 17.1% and 3.8%).At the 3- months follow-up, persistent Grade> =2 acute GU and GI toxicity were 2.5% and 1.8% in H-ARM versus 5.7% and 3% in C-ARM (p>0.05). In univariated and multivariated analyses, there was not any dosimetric predictor for GI and GU toxicity.


CONCLUSIONS
Our data demonstrate that hypofractionated radiotherapy achieving high biological effective dose using conformal radiotherapy is feasible for prostate cancer, being well tolerated with minimal severe acute toxicity.
QoS oriented dynamical resource allocation for eigen beamforming MIMO OFDM

In this paper, a Quality of Service (QoS) oriented dynamical Subcarrier and bit allocation are proposed for multiuser Spatial multiplexing MIMO OFDMA of FuTURE B3G TDD system in downlink. For the reciprocity of the TDD channel, the channel status information (CSI) can be exploited at the transmitter, and thus the Eigen beamforming spatial multiplexing of MIMO OFDMA can be implemented in TDD system efficiently. Eigen beamforming converts a flat MIMO channel of a subcarrier in OFDM system into a bank of scalar channels without crosstalk from one scalar channel to next, it achieves the capacity of a MIMO channel and attains the full multiplexing gain. With the goal of maximizing the total data rate, subject to the PER, guaranteed bit rate and total power, we develop a new metric for dynamical subcarrier and bit allocation scheme to exploit the multiuser diversity gain further. Simulation results show that the throughput of the system is much higher than the schemes proposed in [4] [5].
Economic Impact of Dengue: Multicenter Study across Four Brazilian Regions

BACKGROUND
Dengue is an increasing public health concern in Brazil. There is a need for an updated evaluation of the economic impact of dengue within the country. We undertook this multicenter study to evaluate the economic burden of dengue in Brazil.


METHODS
We estimated the economic burden of dengue in Brazil for the years 2009 to 2013 and for the epidemic season of August 2012- September 2013. We conducted a multicenter cohort study across four endemic regions: Midwest, Goiania; Southeast, Belo Horizonte and Rio de Janeiro; Northeast: Teresina and Recife; and the North, Belem. Ambulatory or hospitalized cases with suspected or laboratory-confirmed dengue treated in both the private and public sectors were recruited. Interviews were scheduled for the convalescent period to ascertain characteristics of the dengue episode, date of first symptoms/signs and recovery, use of medical services, work/school absence, household spending (out-of-pocket expense) and income lost using a questionnaire developed for a previous cost study. We also extracted data from the patients' medical records for hospitalized cases. Overall costs per case and cumulative costs were calculated from the public payer and societal perspectives. National cost estimations took into account cases reported in the official notification system (SINAN) with adjustment for underreporting of cases. We applied a probabilistic sensitivity analysis using Monte Carlo simulations with 90% certainty levels (CL).


RESULTS
We screened 2,223 cases, of which 2,035 (91.5%) symptomatic dengue cases were included in our study. The estimated cost for dengue for the epidemic season (2012-2013) in the societal perspective was US$ 468 million (90% CL: 349-590) or US$ 1,212 million (90% CL: 904-1,526) after adjusting for under-reporting. Considering the time series of dengue (2009-2013) the estimated cost of dengue varied from US$ 371 million (2009) to US$ 1,228 million (2013).


CONCLUSIONS
The economic burden associated with dengue in Brazil is substantial with large variations in reported cases and consequently costs reflecting the dynamic of dengue transmission.
Martial arts and adolescents: using theories to explain the positive effects of Asian martial arts on the well-being of adolescents

Problem. The main purpose of this paper is to explain, using theories, how practicing martial arts could help enhance the well-be-
Dermoscopy in General Dermatology: A Practical Overview

Over the last few years, dermoscopy has been shown to be a useful tool in assisting the noninvasive diagnosis of various general dermatological disorders. In this article, we sought to provide an up-to-date practical overview on the use of dermoscopy in general dermatology by analysing the dermoscopic differential diagnosis of relatively common dermatological disorders grouped according to their clinical presentation, i.e. dermatoses presenting with erythematous-desquamative patches/plaques (plaque psoriasis, eczematous dermatitis, pityriasis rosea, mycosis fungoides and subacute cutaneous lupus erythematosus), papulosquamous/papulokeratotic dermatoses (lichen planus, pityriasis rosea, papulosquamous sarcoidosis, guttate psoriasis, pityriasis lichenoides chronica, classical pityriasis rubra pilaris, porokeratosis, lymphomatoid papulosis, papulosquamous chronic GVHD, parakeratosis variegata, Grover disease, Darier disease and BRAF-inhibitor-induced acantholytic dyskeratosis), facial inflammatory skin diseases (rosacea, seborrheic dermatitis, discoid lupus erythematosus, sarcoidosis, cutaneous leishmaniasis, lupus vulgaris, granuloma faciale and demodicidosis), acquired keratodermas (chronic hand eczema, palmar psoriasis, keratoderma due to mycosis fungoides, keratoderma resulting from pityriasis rubra pilaris, tinea manuum, palmar lichen planus and aquagenic palmar keratoderma), sclero-atrophic dermatoses (necrobiosis lipoidica, morphea and cutaneous lichen sclerosus), hypopigmented macular diseases (extragenital guttate lichen sclerosus, achromic pityriasis versicolor, guttate vitiligo, idiopathic guttate hypomelanosis, progressive macular hypomelanosis and postinflammatory hypopigmentations), hyperpigmented maculopapular diseases (pityriasis versicolor, lichen planus pigmentosus, Gougerot-Carteaud syndrome, Dowling-Degos disease, erythema ab igne, macular amyloidosis, lichen amyloidosus, friction melanosis, terra firma-forme dermatosis, urticaria pigmentosa and telangiectasia macularis eruptiva perstans), itchy papulonodular dermatoses (hypertrophic lichen planus, prurigo nodularis, nodular scabies and acquired perforating dermatosis), erythrodermas (due to psoriasis, atopic dermatitis, mycosis fungoides, pityriasis rubra pilaris and scabies), noninfectious balanitis (Zoon's plasma cell balanitis, psoriatic balanitis, seborrheic dermatitis and non-specific balanitis) and erythroplasia of Queyrat, inflammatory cicatricial alopecias (scalp discoid lupus erythematosus, lichen planopilaris, frontal fibrosing alopecia and folliculitis decalvans), nonscarring alopecias (alopecia areata, trichotillomania, androgenetic alopecia and telogen effluvium) and scaling disorders of the scalp (tinea capitis, scalp psoriasis, seborrheic dermatitis and pityriasis amiantacea).
Suicidality as a function of impulsivity, callous-unemotional traits, and depressive symptoms in youth.

Suicidality represents one of the most important areas of risk for adolescents, with both internalizing (e.g., depression, anxiety) and externalizing-antisocial (e.g., substance use, conduct) disorders conferring risk for suicidal ideation and attempts (e.g., Bridge, Goldstein, & Brent, 2006). However, no study has attended to gender differences in relationships between suicidality and different facets of psychopathic tendencies in youth. Further, very little research has focused on disentangling the multiple manifestations of suicide risk in the same study, including behaviors (suicide attempts with intent to die, self-injurious behavior) and general suicide risk marked by suicidal ideation and plans. To better understand these relationships, we recruited 184 adolescents from the community and in treatment. As predicted, psychopathic traits and depressive symptoms in youth showed differential associations with components of suicidality. Specifically, impulsive traits uniquely contributed to suicide attempts and self-injurious behaviors, above the influence of depression. Indeed, once psychopathic tendencies were entered in the model, depressive symptoms only explained general suicide risk marked by ideation or plans but not behaviors. Further, callous-unemotional traits conferred protection from suicide attempts selectively in girls. These findings have important implications for developing integrative models that incorporate differential relationships between (a) depressed mood and (b) personality risk factors (i.e., impulsivity and callous-unemotional traits) for suicidality in youth.
Non-linear dynamical system approach to behavior modeling

We present a dynamic systems approach to modeling and generating low-level behaviors for autonomous agents. Such behaviors include real-time target tracking and obstacle avoidance in time-varying environments. The novelty of the method lies on the integration of distinct non-linear dynamic systems to model the agent’s interaction with the environment. An angular velocity control dynamic system guides the agent’s direction angle, while another dynamic system selects the environmental input that will be used in the control system. The agent interacts with the environment through its knowledge of the position of stationary and moving objects. In our system agents automatically avoid stationary and moving obstacles to reach the desired target(s). This approach allows us to prove the stability conditions that result in a principled methodology for the computation of the system’s dynamic parameters. We present a variety of real-time simulations that illustrate the power of our approach.
Healthy Workplace Strategies: Creating Change and Achieving Results

Disclaimer: The views expressed in this report are those of the author and do not necessarily reflect the official policy of Health Canada. Healthy jobs and workplaces benefit workers and employers, customers and shareholders, citizens and society. This report focuses on the organizational change processes, strategies and tactics that can bring about healthier and more productive working conditions. Successful interventions must target underlying workplace and organizational factors. Most promising in this regard is the link between healthy work environments and improved health outcomes for individual employees and improved business results. This widens the agenda to the entire organization: its values, people practices, work systems and performance. Organizational change research distinguishes transformational change from superficial change. Creating a healthy organization exemplifies transformational change. Introducing a fitness program or a policy on flexible work schedules are examples of superficial change, if they are not part of a larger strategy. The shift to a new culture and work systems takes time – easily 3 to 5 years. Often, it results from a sequence of small steps that are guided by a compelling vision. However, most transformational change initiatives fail. Estimates suggest success rates between 25-33% for reaching the intended goals of change. This makes it imperative that champions of workplace health learn from a wide range of organizational change experiences. Viewed as organizational change, healthy workplace strategies must follow strong guiding principles, which this report enunciates, based on a synthesis of current research and practice. While a fitness or smoking cessation program easily can be run by health promotion staff, a different approach is required to transform the values, management practices and work systems of an organization. Health promotion and human resource professionals must team up, and there must be support from managers and supervisors at all levels, employees, and unions. Stakeholders must engage in discussions about the role of the entire organization in " creating health. " This report, therefore, offers an action model as a tool for achieving healthy organizations. The model highlights the importance of establishing enabling conditions in order to make the organization change-ready, then designing a process that engages all stakeholders in actively shaping a healthy workplace. The process is iterative, with lots of reflection and readjustment built in. There is no one best way to create a healthy organization and no neat list of best practices that define such an organizational state. The Action Model can guide …
ADS-B via Iridium NEXT satellites

Iridium NEXT will replace Iridium's current satellite constellation, ensuring continuity of the first generation of global mobile satellite services. Iridium NEXT constellation will consist of 66 cross-linked, LEO satellites in six orbital planes intersecting over the North and South Poles. Each Iridium Next satellite will integrate a secondary payload. This paper is based on the feasibility study to embark a dedicated ADS-B secondary payload, on board half or all satellites.
Motivational Interviewing With and Without Normative Feedback for Adolescents With Substance Use Problems: A Preliminary Study.

BACKGROUND
Many adolescents in need of substance use disorder treatments never engage in treatment. Further, the most promising interventions that could be adapted to target treatment engagement often use normative feedback (NF) despite concerns about its appropriateness for adolescents. This preliminary study will inform a larger trial designed to isolate whether NF is an inert, helpful, or harmful active ingredient within pretreatment motivational interviewing (MI) interventions designed to increase treatment engagement.


METHODS
Adolescents (N = 48) presenting for treatment intake assessments were randomized to receive MI (n = 22) or MI+NF (n = 26) immediately following their assessments. Three-month outcomes included the percentage of youth engaged in treatment, the percentage of youth reporting past-month binge drinking, and the percentage of days of abstinence.


RESULTS
Treatments were delivered with high fidelity, and a high proportion of eligible participants were recruited and retained in this study. Participants significantly increased their percentage of days of abstinence by approximately 10% at follow-up (d = .32, P =.03), with no significant differences between groups. Fifty-five percent of youth in MI and 41.7% of youth in MI+NF engaged in treatment (odds ratio [OR] = .60, nonsignificant; 95% confidence interval, CI [0.136-2.68]).


CONCLUSIONS
Larger trials should test whether NF is an active ingredient in adolescent MI interventions, and should also determine the mechanisms through which MI+NF may produce effects.
Further clinical and molecular delineation of the 15q24 microdeletion syndrome

BACKGROUND
Chromosome 15q24 microdeletion syndrome is a rare genomic disorder characterised by intellectual disability, growth retardation, unusual facial morphology and other anomalies. To date, 20 patients have been reported; 18 have had detailed breakpoint analysis.


AIM
To further delineate the features of the 15q24 microdeletion syndrome, the clinical and molecular characterisation of fifteen patients with deletions in the 15q24 region was performed, nearly doubling the number of reported patients.


METHODS
Breakpoints were characterised using a custom, high-density array comparative hybridisation platform, and detailed phenotype information was collected for each patient.


RESULTS
Nine distinct deletions with different breakpoints ranging in size from 266 kb to 3.75 Mb were identified. The majority of breakpoints lie within segmental duplication (SD) blocks. Low sequence identity and large intervals of unique sequence between SD blocks likely contribute to the rarity of 15q24 deletions, which occur 8-10 times less frequently than 1q21 or 15q13 microdeletions in our series. Two small, atypical deletions were identified within the region that help delineate the critical region for the core phenotype in the 15q24 microdeletion syndrome.


CONCLUSION
The molecular characterisation of these patients suggests that the core cognitive features of the 15q24 microdeletion syndrome, including developmental delays and severe speech problems, are largely due to deletion of genes in a 1.1-Mb critical region. However, genes just distal to the critical region also play an important role in cognition and in the development of characteristic facial features associated with 15q24 deletions. Clearly, deletions in the 15q24 region are variable in size and extent. Knowledge of the breakpoints and size of deletion combined with the natural history and medical problems of our patients provide insights that will inform management guidelines. Based on common phenotypic features, all patients with 15q24 microdeletions should receive a thorough neurodevelopmental evaluation, physical, occupational and speech therapies, and regular audiologic and ophthalmologic screening.