LLukas22/scidocs huggingface dataset:
Miniaturized WiFi system module using SiP/IPD for handheld device applications

A compact and thin WiFi SiP module using IPD (Integrated Passive Device) technology is proposed. The WiFi SiP module integrates WiFi single chip, RF front end, EEPROM, and IPD chip as a full system module that can be easily used for 802.11b/g WLAN application, especially in handheld devices. The IPD chip is designed on a silicon substrate to embed passive components required for the WiFi chip and to be a chip carrier for the active ICs integrated in the module. The IPD is fabricated on a silicon substrate using thin film process to build up low cost, high accuracy, and high quality passive elements of resistors, capacitors, and inductors. Two types of SiP approaches to implementing the WiFi modules are presented. Their dimensions are 8.5 x 8.5 x 1.3 mm3 and 5.7 x 9 x 0.925 mm3, respectively. At 2.4 GHz and modulation of 54 Mbps data rate, the WiFi module can provide linear output power up to 13 dBm and its receiving sensitivity is -72 dBm.
Inverse regression methods based on fuzzy partitions

We consider a semiparametric regression model such that the dependent variable y is linked to some indices xβk through an unknown link function. Li (1991) introduced sliced inverse regression methods (SIR-I, SIR-II and SIRα) in order to estimate the effective dimension reduction space spanned by the vectors βk. These methods computationally fast and simple but are influenced by the choice of slices in the estimation process. In this paper, we suggest to use versions of SIR methods based on fuzzy clusters instead of slices which can be seen as hard clusters and we exhibit the corresponding algorithm. We illustrate the sample behaviour of the fuzzy inverse regression estimators and compare them with the SIR ones on simulation study. AMS Subject Classification: 62H12, 62H30, 62G99.
Micromechanics of deformation of metallic-glass-matrix composites from in situ synchrotron strain measurements and finite element modeling

We have used in situ X-ray scattering and finite element modeling (FEM) to examine the micromechanics of deformation of in situ formed metallic-glass–matrix composites consisting of Ta-rich particles dispersed in an amorphous matrix. The strain measurements show that under uniaxial compression the second-phase particles yield at an applied stress of 325 MPa. After yielding, the particles do not strain harden significantly; we show that this is due to an increasingly hydrostatic stress state arising from the lateral constraint on deformation of the particles imposed by the elastic matrix. Shear band initiation in the matrix is not due to the difference in elastic properties between the matrix and the particles. Rather, the development of a plastic misfit strain causes stress concentrations around the particles, resulting in localized yielding of the matrix by shear band formation at an applied stress of 1450 MPa, considerably lower than the macroscopic yield stress of the composite ( 1725 MPa). Shear bands do not propagate at the lower stress because the yield criterion of the matrix is only satisfied in the region immediately around the particles. At the higher stresses, the yield criterion is satisfied in large regions of the matrix, allowing extensive shear band propagation and significant macroscopic plastic deformation. However, the presence of the particles makes the stress state highly inhomogeneous, which may partially explain why fracture is suppressed in the composite, allowing the development of large plastic strains. 2005 Acta Materialia Inc. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
From Qualitative Work to Intervention Development in Pediatric Oncology
Palliative Care Research

Qualitative methods can be particularly useful approaches to use with individuals who are experiencing a rare disease and thus who comprise a small sample (such as children with cancer) and are at points in care that few experience (such as end of life). This data-based methods article describes how findings from a qualitative study were used to guide and shape a pediatric oncology palliative care intervention. Qualitative data can lay a strong foundation for subsequent pilot intervention work by facilitating the development of an underlying study conceptualization, providing recruitment feasibility estimates, helping establish clinically meaningful inclusion criteria, establishing staff acceptability of a research intervention, and providing support for face validity of newly developed interventions. These benefits of preliminary qualitative research are described in the context of this study on legacy-making, which involves reports of children (7-12 years of age) living with advanced cancer and of their parent caregivers.
Impact of a patent foramen ovale on paroxysmal atrial fibrillation ablation.

INTRODUCTION
A patent foramen ovale (PFO) is located at the anterior and superior part of the anatomical interatrial septum, the area that is targeted during transseptal puncture. This study sought to investigate the impact of accessing the left atrium via a PFO on paroxysmal AF ablation.


METHODS
From March 2004, 203 patients (55 +/- 11 years) underwent catheter ablation for paroxysmal AF (80 +/- 71 months), with the endpoint being electrical isolation of all pulmonary veins (PV) and AF noninducibility. The presence of a PFO was determined by both transesophageal echocardiography and catheter probing. Procedural difficulty was evaluated by radiofrequency (RF), procedural, and fluoroscopic durations. Clinical follow-up was also investigated.


RESULTS
A PFO was detected in 27 patients (13%) by transesophageal echocardiography and in 22 additional patients (total 49 patients, 24%), by catheter probing (P < 0.001). A PFO was associated with longer total RF applications (57 +/- 19 vs 51 +/- 18 min, P = 0.04) and RF applications to isolate the PVs (42 +/- 16 vs 35 +/- 12 min, P = 0.001). Procedural and fluoroscopic times were unaffected. Seventy-three patients (36%) required a second procedure; there was no difference in the number of PV reconnections (1.3 vs 1.8 veins, P = NS). After a mean follow-up of 19 +/- 9 months, 194/203 patients (96%) were free of AF, with no difference in patients in whom a PFO had been used.


CONCLUSION
Although isolation of PVs is longer, overall procedural duration and success is not affected when using a PFO compared with a transseptal puncture. The presence of a PFO is underestimated by transesophageal echocardiography with brachial injection when compared with catheter probing.
A clinical trial of adjunctive oestrogen treatment in women with schizophrenia

 A double-blind, 28-day, placebo-controlled study was conducted with three groups of women of child-bearing age (N = 12 in each group) who received standardised antipsychotic medication plus a) 50 μg transdermal estradiol or b) 100 μg transdermal estradiol or c) transdermal placebo. Preliminary analyses show that women receiving 100 μg of estradiol made greater improvements in the symptoms of schizophrenia than either the 50 μg estradiol or placebo groups. The addition of 100 μg adjunctive transdermal oestrogen significantly enhanced treatment responsivity of acute, severe psychotic symptoms in women with schizophrenia. The positive impact of oestrogen treatment on psychotic symptoms via a multiplicity of possible actions (see accompanying articles in this issue) may prove clinically useful in the overall treatment of women with schizophrenia.
Uncertainty, Expectations and Behavioural Aspects of Housing Market Choices

Abstract Housing is a complex commodity and housing market choices carry with them substantial economic and social consequences for the households making them. Housing market decisions are complex, uncertain and involve expectations-formation. This paper argues that the standard economic theory of decision-making under uncertainty – expected utility theory – is particularly ill-suited as the basis for understanding such complexity. The paper then explores alternative avenues for potential development, reviewing the key characteristics of owner-occupied housing markets and housing search, and examining how the resources of institutional and behavioural economics could be used to inform our understanding of the residential mobility process. The paper concludes by outlining an agenda for empirical research.
Why men and women continue to use social networking sites: The role of gender differences

Organizations increasingly use social media and especially social networking sites (SNS) to support their marketing agenda, enhance collaboration, and develop new capabilities. However, the success of SNS initiatives is largely dependent on sustainable user participation. In this study, we argue that the continuance intentions of users may be gendersensitive. To theorize and investigate gender differences in the determinants of continuance intentions, this study draws on the expectation-confirmation model, the uses and gratification theory, as well as the self-construal theory and its extensions. Our survey of 488 users shows that while both men and women are motivated by the ability to selfenhance, there are some gender differences. Specifically, while women are mainly driven by relational uses, such as maintaining close ties and getting access to social information on close and distant networks, men base their continuance intentions on their ability to gain information of a general nature. Our research makes several contributions to the discourse in strategic information systems literature concerning the use of social media by individuals and organizations. Theoretically, it expands the understanding of the phenomenon of continuance intentions and specifically the role of the gender differences in its determinants. On a practical level, it delivers insights for SNS providers and marketers into how satisfaction and continuance intentions of male and female SNS users can be differentially promoted. Furthermore, as organizations increasingly rely on corporate social networks to foster collaboration and innovation, our insights deliver initial recommendations on how organizational social media initiatives can be supported with regard to gender-based differences. 2017 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
Advances, Challenges, and Opportunities in Automatic Facial Expression Recognition

In this chapter we consider the problem of automatic facial expression analysis. Our take on this is that the field has reached a point where it needs to move away from considering experiments and applications under in-the-lab conditions, and move towards so-called in-the-wild scenarios. We assume throughout this chapter that the aim is to develop technology that can be deployed in practical applications under unconstrained conditions. While some first efforts in this direction have been reported very recently, it is still unclear what the right path to achieving accurate, informative, robust, and real-time facial expression analysis will be. To illuminate the journey ahead, we first provide in Sec. 1 an overview of the existing theories and specific problem formulations considered within the computer vision community. Then we describe in Sec. 2 the standard algorithmic pipeline which is common to most facial expression analysis algorithms. We include suggestions as to which of the current algorithms and approaches are most suited to the scenario considered. In section 3 we describe our view of the remaining challenges, and the current opportunities within the field. This chapter is thus not intended as a review of different approaches, but rather a selection of what we believe are the most suitable state-of-the-art algorithms, and a selection of exemplars chosen to characterise a specific approach. We review in section 4 some of the exciting opportunities for the application of automatic facial expression analysis to everyday practical problems and current commercial applications being exploited. Section 5 ends the chapter by summarising the major conclusions drawn. Brais Martinez School of Computer Science, Jubilee Campus, Wollaton Road, Nottingham, NG8 1BB e-mail: brais.martinez@nottingham.ac.uk Michel F. Valstar School of Computer Science, Jubilee Campus, Wollaton Road, Nottingham, NG8 1BB e-mail: michel.valstar@nottingham.ac.uk
Paracetamol in osteoarthritis of the knee.

BACKGROUND
Paracetamol is a recommended symptomatic treatment of osteoarthritis (OA), but in clinical trials sample sizes have been relatively small and variable daily doses of paracetamol have been used.


OBJECTIVES
To determine the therapeutic efficacy of paracetamol in OA of the knee and identify predictive factors of clinical response to treatment.


METHODS
A double blind, parallel group, placebo controlled trial of analgesic efficacy and safety of paracetamol versus placebo including 779 patients with OA of the knee. Patients were randomly assigned to receive paracetamol 4 g/day (n = 405) or placebo (n = 374) for 6 weeks. Symptomatic OA of the knee was required at inclusion with global pain intensity of the knee during physical activities for the past 24 hours of >or=30 mm on a 100 mm visual analogue scale. The primary end point was a 30% decrease of global pain intensity of the knee. Intention to treat analyses were performed.


RESULTS
The percentage of responders did not differ significantly between groups: 52.6% and 51.9% in paracetamol and placebo groups, respectively (p = 0.840). In a subgroup of patients with chronic mechanical knee pain without signs of inflammation (n = 123), the mean change in pain intensity from baseline was 25.2 mm v 15.2 mm, in the paracetamol (n = 63) and placebo (n = 60) groups, respectively-mean difference 10.0 mm; 95% CI 1.0 to 19.0; p = 0.0294. No serious adverse events were attributable to treatment.


CONCLUSION
A statistically significant symptomatic effect of oral paracetamol 4 g/day over placebo was not found, suggesting that paracetamol use in symptomatic OA of the knee should be further explored. The tolerability and safety of paracetamol, at the recommended maximum dose of 4 g/day, was confirmed over 6 weeks.
Enrichment of some B-vitamins in plants with application of organic fertilizers

A review of the literature showed that plants grown with organic fertilizers often contain higher concentrations of vitamins B1 (thiamin) and B12 (cyanocobalamin) as compared with plants grown with inorganic fertilizers. Since plant roots were recently shown to be able to absorb B1 and B12, it was thus suspected that organic fertilizers (such as manure of diverse sources or sewage sludges which often contain relatively high concentrations of several vitamins) introduce additional vitamins into the soil which in turn leads to increased vitamins in the plants. This possibility was studied by measuring the B12 content in the seeds of soybean and barley and in the leaves of spinach plants grown in soils amended with pure B12 or cow dung (which is naturally rich in B12). The addition of pure B12 or cow dung did not alter the B12 content in the soybean seeds but significantly increased that in the barley kernels and in the spinach leaves. For example, the addition of cow dung at the rate of 10 g kg−1 increased the B12 content in barley kernels by more than threefold (from 2.6 to 9.1 ng g−1 DW) and in spinach leaves by close to twofold (from 6.9 to 17.8 ng g−1 DW). Long-term addition of organic fertilizers to the soil also significantly increased the soil content of this vitamin. Since plants cannot synthesize B12 and thus plant foods are normally fully devoid of (or have very low concentrations of) this vitamin, the finding that plants grown with organic fertilizers may contain relatively higher concentrations of this vitamin may have nutritional consequences in that the consumption of these plants by humans would inadvertently increase their intake of this vitamin. This may be of special benefit to people living by choice or by necessity on strict vegetarian diets who are known to be in danger of B12 deficiency.
ON UNIQUENESS AND EXISTENCE OF ENTROPY SOLUTIONS OF WEAKLY COUPLED SYSTEMS OF NONLINEAR DEGENERATE PARABOLIC EQUATIONS

We prove existence and uniqueness of entropy solutions for the Cauchy problem of weakly coupled systems of nonlinear degenerate parabolic equations. We prove existence of an entropy solution by demonstrating that the Engquist-Osher finite difference scheme is convergent and that any limit function satisfies the entropy condition. The convergence proof is based on deriving a series of a priori estimates and using a general Lp compactness criterion. The uniqueness proof is an adaption of Kružkov’s “doubling of variables” proof. We also present a numerical example motivated by biodegradation in porous media.
Prospective evaluation of pronator quadratus repair following volar plate fixation of distal radius fractures.

PURPOSE
To evaluate the efficacy of pronator quadratus (PQ) repair after volar plating of distal radius fractures.


METHODS
All consecutive distal radius fractures treated operatively with a volar plate during a 1-year period were assigned to receive a repair of the PQ versus no repair. Surgical exposure, reduction, and postoperative rehabilitation were equivalent in both groups. Clinical outcomes with a minimum follow-up of 12 months were assessed via range of motion; grip strength; Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder, and Hand (DASH) scores; and visual analog scale (VAS) scores.


RESULTS
A total of 60 consecutive distal radius fractures were treated operatively with a locking volar plate. Full follow-up data were available for 33 patients in the PQ repair group and 24 patients in the control group. At 12 months, the mean DASH score was 8 for the repair group and 5 for the control group. Range of motion at the wrist, grip strength, and VAS scores were also not significantly different between groups. In addition, we found no significant differences in any of the parameters at the 2-, 6-, or 12-week intervals, although we observed greater grip strength and wrist flexion in the repair group at 6 weeks. Reoperation was required for 4 patients in the repair group and 1 in the control group.


CONCLUSIONS
Pronator quadratus repair after volar plating of a distal radius fractures did not significantly improve postoperative range of motion, grip strength, or DASH and VAS scores at 1 year. The rates of reoperation between groups were not significantly different.
Daily physical activity in adults with congenital heart disease is positively correlated with exercise capacity but not with quality of life

With the fear of heart failure and sudden death, many patients with congenital heart disease (CHD) traditionally were withheld from exercise activities. Much is reported on sedentary lifestyle with diminished exercise capacity in children with CHD which results in an increased cardiovascular risk. This study aimed to assess whether the sedentary lifestyle is also present in adulthood and whether this is associated with exercise capacity and quality of life (QoL) limitations. From October 2007 to January 2010 a total of 330 patients (149 female, 18–61 years) with various CHD completed the health-related QoL questionnaire SF-36 and performed a cardiopulmonary exercise test. Afterward a triaxial accelerometer was worn over the next consecutive 7 days to assess daily activity. Patients achieved 59.2 ± 39.7 min of at least moderate activity per day and 76% of the investigated patients met the recommendations of daily activity. Exercise capacity was diminished in most of the patients with 25.6 ± 7.8 mL/min/kg (73.7 ± 19.5% of predicted). There was a moderate relationship between daily activity and exercise capacity (r = 0.437, p < 0.001). The correlation of daily activity to QoL was rather poor (r = 0.030 to r = 0.258). Most adults with CHD are fairly active. Daily activity is positively correlated with exercise capacity. Therefore, promotion of an active lifestyle seems warranted after medical counseling.
RELOCATE CITY: VIOLENT CONFLICT AND PEACE

SUMMARY This paper deals with the City to demonstrate its uniqueness as a producer of violence and its connection with the dynamics of the conflict. In its first part, the text displayed increasing urbanization of the object that is now Colombia, noting the extent of their violence. After facing the linkages between armed conflict and city. After contextualizing addresses the urban with the dynamics of conflict in the national and regional levels. Once practiced the two-way travel between city conflict and discusses a first look at the uniqueness of urban violent conflict in Colombia. Finally, in the epilogue, versus multi ple narrowings of the city which is the subject, we suggest the notion of violent conflict as a kind of antidote to the reduction and oblivion.
Outcomes of free-standing, midwife-led birth centers: a structured review.

BACKGROUND
Over the last two decades, childbirth worldwide has been increasingly concentrated in large centralized hospitals, with a parallel trend toward more birth interventions. At the same time in several countries, interest in midwife-led care and free-standing birth centers has steadily increased. The objective of this review is to establish the current evidence base for free-standing, midwife-led birth centers.


METHODS
A structured review, based on Cochrane guidelines, was conducted that included nonrandomized studies. The comparative outcomes measured were rates of normal vaginal birth; cesarean section; intact perineum; episiotomy; transfers; and babies remaining with their mothers.


RESULTS
Of the 5 controlled studies that met the review criteria, all except one was a single site study. Since no study was randomized, meta-analysis was not performed. The included studies all raised quality concerns, and significant heterogeneity was observed among them. For the outcomes measured, every study reported a benefit for women intending to give birth in the free-standing, midwife-led unit.


CONCLUSIONS
The benefits shown for women recruited into the included studies who intended to give birth in a free-standing, midwife-led unit suggest a question about the efficacy of consultant unit care for low-risk women. However, the findings cannot be generalized beyond the individual studies. Good quality controlled studies are needed to investigate these issues in the future.
Factors influencing the composition of the intestinal microbiota in early infancy.

OBJECTIVE
The aim of this study was to examine the contribution of a broad range of external influences to the gut microbiotic composition in early infancy.


METHODS
Fecal samples from 1032 infants at 1 month of age, who were recruited from the KOALA Birth Cohort Study in the Netherlands, were subjected to quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction assays for the enumeration of bifidobacteria, Escherichia coli, Clostridium difficile, Bacteroides fragilis group, lactobacilli, and total bacterial counts. Information on potential determinants of the gut microbiotic composition was collected with repeated questionnaires. The associations between these factors and the selected gut bacteria were analyzed with univariate and multivariate analyses.


RESULTS
Infants born through cesarean section had lower numbers of bifidobacteria and Bacteroides, whereas they were more often colonized with C difficile, compared with vaginally born infants. Exclusively formula-fed infants were more often colonized with E coli, C difficile, Bacteroides, and lactobacilli, compared with breastfed infants. Hospitalization and prematurity were associated with higher prevalence and counts of C difficile. Antibiotic use by the infant was associated with decreased numbers of bifidobacteria and Bacteroides. Infants with older siblings had slightly higher numbers of bifidobacteria, compared with infants without siblings.


CONCLUSIONS
The most important determinants of the gut microbiotic composition in infants were the mode of delivery, type of infant feeding, gestational age, infant hospitalization, and antibiotic use by the infant. Term infants who were born vaginally at home and were breastfed exclusively seemed to have the most "beneficial" gut microbiota (highest numbers of bifidobacteria and lowest numbers of C difficile and E coli).