LLukas22/scidocs huggingface dataset:
Title Laser spectroscopy of NiBr : Ground and low-lying electronicstates

High-resolution laser-induced fluorescence spectrum of a jet-cooled NiI molecule has been recorded in the near infrared and visible regions. The NiI molecule was produced by reacting laser-ablated nickel atom and methyl iodide (CH 3I). Three electronic states have been identified that include the X D5/2 and two low-lying@13.9# P3/2 and@14.6# D5/2 excited states. Molecular transition bands (v8,0) of the @13.9# P3/22X D5/2 system with v850, 4–9, and the ( v8,0) bands of the @14.6# D5/22X D5/2 system withv850 – 6 were observed and analyzed. Spectra of isotopic molecules confirmed the assignment of vibrational quantum number of the observed bands. Least squares fit of rotational transition lines yielded accurate molecular constants for the states studied. The bond lengthr 0 measured for theX D5/2 is 2.3479 Å and the equilibrium bond length, r e , for the @13.9# P3/2 and @14.6# D5/2 are, respectively, 2.4834 and 2.5081 Å. With the use of a molecular orbital energy level diagram, we have examined the electronic configurations that give rise to theX P3/2 ground state for NiF, NiCl, and NiBr, but the X D5/2 state for NiI. This work represents the first spectroscopic study of the NiI molecule. © 2003 American Institute of Physics. @DOI: 10.1063/1.1625921 #
Food safety, Hazard Analysis and Critical Control Point and the increase in foodborne diseases: a paradox?

The application of the Hazard Analysis and Critical Control Point (HACCP) system is rapidly progressing, in particular in large and medium scale food industries. The term is becoming well known in food control and public health circles and is one which evokes food safety. However, concomitant with the headway of the HACCP system in food safety management, the incidence of foodborne diseases is increasing worldwide. Does the increase in foodborne diseases represent a paradox or failure of the HACCP system? The HACCP system is not a panacea for all food safety problems. It is a tool that guides food safety assurance personnel in the identi®cation of pertinent hazards and control measures, ensuring that those which are critical for food safety are applied correctly. In this way, it enhances the safety of the food supply. While the application of the HACCP system can improve food safety in all situations, its strength and success in preventing foodborne illnesses depend on it being applied correctly and in combination with other food safety management systems, including the provision of a sanitary infrastructure and the application of principles of good hygienic practice. The paper presents the reasons for the increase in foodborne diseases, the role that the HACCP system plays in preventing foodborne diseases, the determinants of its success and failure, and the contribution which can reasonably be expected from the implementation of the HACCP system to public health. Ó 1999 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.
Arm 7 Based Robotic Arm Control By Electronic Gesture Recognition Unit Using Mems

Mechatronics is one of the present trends in the era of computing in today’s system automation industry and control. The proposed project is one such attempt of implementing an accelerometer based system to communicate with an industrial robotic arm wirelessly. This project comprises of controlling of robotic arm powered with ARM7 based LPC1768 core. The LC1768 core has to be interfaced with DC motors of robotic arm to control the movements of robotic arm. MEMS is a three dimensional accelerometer sensor used for this purpose, this accelerometer sensor captures gestures of human-arm and produces three analog output voltages in three dimensional axes. And two flex sensors are used to control the gripper movement. For various movements of accelerometer and flex sensors corresponding characters will be sent to the ARM7 core wirelessly using 2.4GHz RF module. And depending on the received character robotic arm can be controlled in Dynamic or Static mode by communicating with EEPROM using I2C protocol. Keywords-Mems, Robotic arm, Arduino, RF transceiver, Arm7, Networking.
Patterning fluorescent quantum dot nanocomposites by reactive inkjet printing.

Fluorescent quantum dot nanocomposites, including polymer and photonic crystal quantum dots, have been fabricated by reactive inkjet printing. This reactive inkjet printing method has the potential to be broadened to fabrication of other functional nanomaterials, which will find promising applications in optoelectronic devices.
Eye care in Timor-Leste: a population-based study of utilization and barriers.

BACKGROUND
To determine utilization of Western-style conventional health services for eye problems in Timor-Leste, and barriers to seeking that care.


METHODS
An interview-based questionnaire was administered as part of a population-based cross-sectional survey of 50 clusters (urban and rural) of 30 people aged > or =40 years.


RESULTS
Of 1470 people enumerated, 1414 were examined (96.2%). A total of 1293 (91.4%) reported at least one previous or present eye problem, mostly (88.6%) blurred/poor vision, for near and/or distance. Men (OR 1.6, 95% CI 1.1-2.3), literates (OR 2.1, 95% CI 1.4-3.5), urban dwellers (OR 4.1, 95% CI 2.6-6.4) and those in paid employment compared with being a farmer (OR 3.0, 95% CI 1.5-5.9) were more likely to have reported a problem. A total of 858 (66.4%) sought Western-style care for its remedy. Non-utilization was associated with being illiterate (OR 3.7, 95% CI 2.9-4.8), a rural dweller (OR 3.8, 95% CI 3.0-4.9), unemployed (OR 1.6, 95% CI 1.1-2.2) or a farmer (OR 5.2, 95% CI 3.5-7.6) compared with being in paid employment, having moderately impaired compared with non-impaired near vision (OR 1.4, 95% CI 1.1-1.8), and red/itchy/painful eyes compared with blurred vision (OR 2.3, 95% CI 1.6-3.2), but not age, gender or poor distance vision. Lack of awareness of service availability was the most frequent reason for not seeking treatment (32.9%), especially for rural respondents. Attitudinal reasons were also prevalent (32.5%), with social (11.8%), economic (11.5%) and service-related (9.0%) issues less so.


CONCLUSIONS
If eye health is to improve in Timor-Leste, there must be better appreciation of it, and increased availability, accessibility and awareness of services.
Knowledge of HIV status, sexual risk behaviors and contraceptive need among people living with HIV in Kenya and Malawi.

BACKGROUND
Several studies support the need for effective interventions to reduce HIV transmission risk behaviors among people living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHAs).


DESIGN
Cross-sectional nationally representative demographic health survey of Kenya (2003) and Malawi (2004-2005) that included HIV testing for consenting adults.


METHODS
We analyzed demographic health survey data for awareness of HIV status and sexual behaviors of PLWHAs (Kenya: 412; Malawi: 664). The analysis was adjusted (weighted) for the design of the survey and the results are nationally representative.


FINDINGS
Eighty-four percent of PLWHAs in Kenya and 86% in Malawi had sex in the past 12 months and in each country, 10% reported using condoms at last intercourse. Among sexually active PLWHAs, 86% in Kenya and 96% in Malawi reported their spouse or cohabiting partner as their most recent partner. In multivariate logistic regression models, married or cohabiting PLWHAs were significantly more likely to be sexually active and less likely to use condoms. Over 80% of PLWHAs were unaware of their HIV status. Of HIV-infected women, nearly three-quarters did not want more children either within the next 2 years or ever, but 32% in Kenya and 20% in Malawi were using contraception.


INTERPRETATION
In 2003-2005, majority of PLWHAs in Kenya and Malawi were unaware of their HIV status and were sexually active, especially married or cohabiting PLWHAs. Of HIV-infected women not wanting more children, few used contraception. HIV testing should be expanded, prevention programs should target married or cohabiting couples and family planning services should be integrated with HIV services.
A SNP in the ABCC11 gene is the determinant of human earwax type

Human earwax consists of wet and dry types. Dry earwax is frequent in East Asians, whereas wet earwax is common in other populations. Here we show that a SNP, 538G → A (rs17822931), in the ABCC11 gene is responsible for determination of earwax type. The AA genotype corresponds to dry earwax, and GA and GG to wet type. A 27-bp deletion in ABCC11 exon 29 was also found in a few individuals of Asian ancestry. A functional assay demonstrated that cells with allele A show a lower excretory activity for cGMP than those with allele G. The allele A frequency shows a north-south and east-west downward geographical gradient; worldwide, it is highest in Chinese and Koreans, and a common dry-type haplotype is retained among various ethnic populations. These suggest that the allele A arose in northeast Asia and thereafter spread through the world. The 538G → A SNP is the first example of DNA polymorphism determining a visible genetic trait.
Dynamic assessment of information acquisition effort during interactive search

We present a method to measure some aspects of cognitive effort by a user while reading during a search session. We measured reading eye movement properties and patterns of eye movement in a user study (n=32) of participants carrying out realistic journalism IR work tasks. The results show the cognitive effort measures correlate positively with the information task characteristics that, by hypothesis, contribute to task difficulty. They also correlate well with participant selfassessed task difficulty. Our methodology can be applied to eye tracking data in any (textual) information setting and used to give dynamic estimates of these aspects of cognitive processing during search.
Psychometric evaluation of the Mainland Chinese version of the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale.

BACKGROUND
The Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS) has been validated in many countries, but not in Mainland China.


OBJECTIVES
This study investigated the reliability and validity of the Mainland Chinese version of the EPDS.


DESIGN
A three-stage design was used for this study. Stage I consisted of a multi-stepped process of forward and backward translation, using a panel of six experts to test content validity. Stage II established the psychometric properties of the EPDS by examining the convergent, discriminant and construct validity, internal consistency and stability of the scale. Stage III established its sensitivity, specificity and the optimal cutoff score of the EPDS according the DSM-IV-TR criteria using the Structured Clinical Interview.


SETTING
Three regional public hospitals in Chengdu.


PARTICIPANTS
A convenience sample was composed of 312 and 451 pregnant women at 28-36 weeks' gestation.


METHOD
Translation and back-translation of the original English instrument and content validation by an expert panel. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis was carried out to evaluate the global functioning of the scale. The Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), Dyadic Adjustment Scale (DAS) and standard SF-12 Health Survey (SF-12) were used to investigate the convergent, discriminant and construct validity. The Cronbach's alpha reliability coefficient, split-half reliability and test-retest reliability were used to examine the internal consistency and stability of the scale.


RESULTS
The translation process was rigorously conducted to ensure that equivalence was established. Content validity was confirmed by a satisfactory level of agreement with a content validity index (CVI) of 0.93. The area under curve (AUC) was 85.6% and the logistic estimate for the threshold score was 9.5 (sensitivity, 80.0%; specificity, 83.03%) for clinical depression. Convergent and construct validity was supported and discriminant validity suggested that the EPDS successfully discriminated among the non-depressed, mildly and clinically depressed groups. The split-half reliability of the EPDS was 0.76, Cronbach's alpha was 0.79 and test-retest reliability was 0.85.


CONCLUSIONS
Based on the results of this psychometric testing, the Mainland Chinese version of the EPDS is considered ready for use in the routine screening of pregnant women. It is hoped that with this type of cross-cultural information, the universality of the constructs of the instrument can be reliably demonstrated.
A domain-based digital summary of the evolution of the Palaeoproterozoic of North America and Greenland and associated unconformity-related uranium mineralization

Abstract Studies of the evolution of the Earth require a better understanding of regional geological geology, particularly for earth scientists who do not have broad, domain-specific knowledge. The Palaeoproterozoic geology of North America and Greenland has been summarized at domain level using the database system developed for the IGCP 509 project “Palaeoproterozoic Supercontinents and Global Evolution”, with additional geochronological information from the DateView database. A series of diagrams illustrate and contrast the geochronology and isotopic evolution of the Trans-Hudson Orogen and its bounding older crustal domains. These are accompanied by several time-space correlation charts and time-slice tectonic reconstructions showing the lithostratigraphy of the region. The origin and setting of uranium mineralization in Canada is discussed in order to illustrate the knowledge potential captured within these databases.
Development and Psychometric Properties of a Scale to Measure Hospital Organizational Culture for Cardiovascular Care.

BACKGROUND
Because organizational culture is increasingly understood as fundamental to achieving high performance in hospital and other healthcare settings, the ability to measure this nuanced concept empirically has gained importance. Aside from measures of patient safety culture, no measure of organizational culture has been widely endorsed in the medical literature, limiting replication of previous findings and broader use in interventional studies.


METHODS AND RESULTS
We sought to develop and assess the validity and reliability of a scale for assessing organizational culture in the context of hospitals' efforts to reducing 30-day risk-standardized mortality after acute myocardial infarction. The 31-item scale was completed by 147 individuals representing 10 hospitals during August and September 2014. The resulting organizational culture scale demonstrated high level of construct validity and internal consistency. Factor analyses indicated that the 31 items loaded well (loading values 0.48-0.90), supporting distinguishable domains of (1) learning environment, (2) psychological safety, (3) commitment to the organization, (4) senior management support, and (5) time for improvement efforts. Cronbach α coefficients were 0.94 for the scale and ranged from 0.77 to 0.88 for the subscales. The scale displayed reasonable convergent validity and statistically significant variability across hospitals, with hospital identity accounting for 11.3% of variance in culture scores across respondents.


CONCLUSIONS
We developed and validated a relatively easy-to-administer survey that was able to detect substantial variability in organizational culture across different hospitals and may be useful in measuring hospital culture and evaluating changes in culture over time as part performance improvement efforts.
Efficient Algorithms for Mining Significant Substructures in Graphs with Quality Guarantees

Graphs have become popular for modeling scientific data in recent years. As a result, techniques for mining graphs are extremely important for understanding inherent data and domain characteristics. One such exploratory mining paradigm is the k-MST (minimum spanning tree over k vertices) problem that can be used to discover significant local substructures. In this paper, we present an efficient approximation algorithm for the k-MST problem in large graphs. The algorithm has an O(radic/k) approximation ratio and O(n log n + in log m log k + nk2 log k) running time, where n and m are the number of vertices and edges respectively. Experimental results on synthetic graphs and protein interaction networks show that the algorithm is scalable to large graphs and useful for discovering biological pathways. The highlight of the algorithm is that it offers both analytical guarantees and empirical evidence of good running time and quality.
Trade space evaluation of ascent and return architectures for a Mars Sample Return mission

The concept of Mars Sample Return (MSR) has been considered since the 1960s and is still a top priority for the planetary science community. [1] Although a plan on the number and types of samples to be collected for MSR has been outlined, as articulated in the Mars 2020 Science Definition Team report [2], the trade space of options to return this sample from the surface of Mars to the surface of the Earth is still being explored. One of the main challenges with MSR is that it is inherently a multi-vehicle system where each vehicle's design impacts that of the others. Defining the trade space must therefore be treated as a System of Systems (SoS) problem. The work presented puts forward a framework to rapidly explore such spatially and temporally distributed systems. It investigates the possible vehicle and technology options for MSR, assuming that a packaged sample has been left on the surface of Mars. It also evaluates how launch sequencing choices affect the expected return on investment of different architectures. The paper explores eight key trades, including different types of landing and propulsion systems, as well as low-cost direct return options. A large set of architectures are compared to the baseline proposed in the Planetary Science Decadal Survey [1] for MSR, which consists of a stationary lander, a small fetch rover, a Mars Ascent Vehicle (MAV), and a return orbiter with chemical propulsion. Overall, the baseline is found to be well optimized, although a few options, including the use of solar electric propulsion and of a roving vehicle carrying the MAV to the sample, are shown to offer a better return on investment. Furthermore, when considering only the goals of MSR, an approach where the lander is sent to Mars at least one launch window ahead of the return orbiter is demonstrated to be preferable.
Laparoscopic fluorescence detection of ovarian carcinoma metastases using 5-aminolevulinic acid-induced protoporphyrin IX.

BACKGROUND
The aim of the current clinical study was to evaluate the in vivo fluorescence detection of ovarian carcinoma metastases in a second-look laparoscopic procedure after intraperitoneally applied 5-aminolevulinic acid (ALA).


METHODS
Five hours before laparoscopic surgery, ALA was applied intraperitoneally via short infusion in a concentration of 30 mg/kg bodyweight in a sterile, 1% solution. Application of ALA resulted in the endogenous production of the fluorescent photosensitizer, protoporphyrin IX (PP IX). The Combilight PDD 5133 system served as a light source, permitting the switch from white light mode to blue light mode to excite the PP IX accumulated in the ovarian tissue specimens. By means of blue light illumination, intraperitoneally located red fluorescent lesions, which were suspected to be metastases, underwent a biopsy. In addition, several biopsy specimens were taken from nonfluorescent areas of the peritoneal cavity.


RESULTS
In 13 of 29 patients, ovarian carcinoma was confirmed histologically or cytologically. In 12 of these patients, metastases were visible by red fluorescence. In total, 123 biopsies were performed. Comparison of histologic assessment of the biopsy specimens with the fluorescence detection showed that strong red fluorescence had a sensitivity of 92% for detecting tumor tissue on specimens. In only 2% of all biopsy specimens was endometriosis observed in benign tissue specimens using fluorescence. In four of 13 patients with ovarian carcinoma, lesions were detected under fluorescence, which were not observed under white light illumination.


CONCLUSIONS
Laparoscopic fluorescence detection of endogenous PP IX after intraperitoneal application of ALA may provide a higher sensitivity of finding peritoneal metastases of epithelian ovarian carcinoma compared with conventional laparoscopy. Direct visualization of in vivo fluorescence after ALA application may improve the early detection of intraperitoneal ovarian carcinoma micrometastases. The high tissue selectivity of PP IX accumulation in tumor tissue specimens also offers the opportunity for therapeutic approaches using photodynamic therapy in the future.
A 64 Gb/s PAM-4 linear optical receiver

We present a linear optical receiver realized on 130 nm SiGe BiCMOS. Error-free operation assuming FEC is shown at bitrates up to 64 Gb/s (32 Gbaud) with 165mW power consumption, corresponding to 2.578 pJ/bit.
Exploring ART Intake Scenes in a Human Rights-Based Intervention to Improve Adherence: A Randomized Controlled Trial

To assess the effectiveness of a psychosocial individual intervention to improve adherence to ART in a Brazilian reference-center, consenting PLHIV with viral load >50 copies/ml were selected. After 4 weeks of MEMS cap use, participants were randomized into an intervention group (IG) (n = 64) or control group (CG) (n = 57). CG received usual care only. The IG participated in a human rights-based intervention approach entailing four dialogical meetings focused on medication intake scenes. Comparison between IG and CG revealed no statistically significant difference in adherence measured at weeks 8, 12, 16, 20 and 24. Viral load (VL) decreased in both groups (p < 0.0001) with no significant difference between study groups. The lower number of eligible patients than expected underpowered the study. Ongoing qualitative analysis should provide deeper understanding of the trial results. NIH Clinical Trials: NCTOO716040. Personas viviendo con VIH con carga viral >50 copias/ml fueron seleccionadas en un centro de referencia en Brasil para evaluar la efectividad de una intervención psicosocial individual para mejorar la adhesión a la terapia antirretroviral. Los participantes firmaron el documento de consentimiento informado. Tras 4 semanas de uso de MEMS caps, los participantes fueron aleatorizados en el grupo de intervención (GI) (n = 64) o el grupo control (GC) (n = 57). El CG recibió solamente los cuidados habituales. El GI participó de una intervención basada en los derechos humanos, con cuatro reuniones dialógicas centradas en escenas de toma de medicamentos. La comparación entre GI y CG no reveló ninguna diferencia estadísticamente significativa en la adhesión medida en las semanas 8, 12, 16, 20 y 24. La carga viral (CV) disminuyó en ambos grupos del estudio (p < 0.0001), aunque sin significado estadístico. El número de pacientes elegibles, más pequeño del que el esperado, disminuyó el poder del estudio. El análisis cualitativo actual debe proporcionar una comprensión más profunda de los resultados del estudio. Registro del Ensayo Clínico: NCT00716040.