LLukas22/scidocs huggingface dataset:
Optoelectronic properties of the InSe/Ga2S3 interfaces

Abstract In this work, the nature of formation, the structural, optical and optoelectronic properties of the InSe/Ga 2 S 3 interfaces are explored by the Scanning electron microscopy, energy dispersive X-ray, X-ray diffraction, optical spectrophotometry and temperature dependent dark and photoconductivity. The InSe/Ga 2 S 3 interfaces that are prepared by the vapor deposition technique are observed to exhibit a physical nature of stacking with correct atomic stoichiometry of the layers. The deposition of the Ga 2 S 3 onto InSe substrate is induced to exhibit a polycrystalline nature. In addition, the optical characterizations have shown that the presence of Ga 2 S 3 onto the top surface of InSe enhances the absorbability significantly and causes valence and conduction band offsets of 0.35 and 1.25 eV, respectively. On the other hand, the temperature dependent photoconductivity analysis in the range of 330–160 K, have shown that the conduction is dominated by the thermionic and variable range hopping transport mechanisms. The photoexcitation process tunes the current transport mechanisms. When the InSe/Ga 2 S 3 interface devices were exposed to laser light irradiations of wavelengths of 406 and 850 nm, promising photocurrent characteristics were observed. Namely, the linear growth of the photocurrent, responsivity, external and internal quantum efficiencies with increasing biasing voltage under these two laser lights nominates the InSe/Ga 2 S 3 interfaces for optoelectronic applications.
Factors That Affect Nosocomial Catheter-Associated Urinary Tract Infection in Intensive Care Units: 2-Year Experience at a Single Center

PURPOSE
This study took a retrospective approach to investigate patients with catheter-associated urinary tract infection (CAUTI) over 2 years at a single hospital's intensive care unit (ICU) to identify meaningful risk factors and causative organisms.


MATERIALS AND METHODS
A retrograde analysis was performed on patients with indwelling catheters between January 2009 and December 2010 in Yeouido St. Mary Hospital medical and surgical ICU. CAUTI was defined as isolated bacterial growth of 100,000 colony-forming units or more either 48 hours after transfer to the ICU if a urinary catheter was placed before the transfer or 48 hours after insertion if the catheter was inserted in the ICU. Only the patients whose culture results were negative before ICU admission were included.


RESULTS
There were a total of 1,315 patients with indwelling urinary catheters in our hospital's medical and surgical ICU between January 2009 and December 2010. Of these patients, 241 had positive urine culture results, and 61 had CAUTI. Using multivariate logistic regression analysis, those with diabetes were 4.55 (p<0.001) times as likely to have occurrences of CAUTI than were those without and also had a 1.10-fold (p<0.01) longer duration of an indwelling catheter. Upon urine culture, among the 61 patients with CAUTI, Escherichia coli was the most common bacterium grown; it was identified in 24 patients (38.7%).


CONCLUSIONS
The factors and causative organisms contributing to the development of CAUTI in the management of ICU patients must be considered to prevent the occurrence of UTIs in this setting.
Extending CP-Nets with Stronger Conditional Preference Statements

A logic of conditional preferences is defined, with a language which allows the compact representation of certain kinds of conditional preference statements, a semantics and a proof theory. CP-nets can be expressed in this language, and the semantics and proof theory generalise those of CP-nets. Despite being substantially more expressive, the formalism maintains important properties of CP-nets; there are simple sufficient conditions for consistency, and, under these conditions, optimal outcomes can be efficiently generated. It is also then easy to find a total order on outcomes which extends the conditional preference order, and an approach to constrained optimisation can be used which generalises a natural approach for CP-nets. Some results regarding the expressive power of CP-nets are also given.
An authentication scheme for mobile satellite communication systems

This paper discusses the security aspects of a registration protocol in a mobile satellite communication system. We propose a new mobile user authentication and data encryption scheme for mobile satellite communication systems. The scheme can remedy a replay attack.
BRAIN: BehavioR Based Adaptive Intrusion Detection in Networks: Using Hardware Performance Counters to Detect DDoS Attacks

Denial-of-Service (DoS) and Distributed Denial-of Service (DDoS) attacks account for one third of all service downtime incidents. Current DoS/DDoS attacks are not only limited to knocking down online services, but they also disguise other malicious attacks such as delivering malware, data-theft, wire fraud and even extortion. Detection of these attacks is predominantly based on the packet data and metrics derived only from packets. This work proposes a host based DDoS detection framework called BRAIN: BehavioR based Adaptive Intrusion detection in Networks. BRAIN leverages already available Hardware Performance Counters in modern processors to model the application behavior using low-level hardware events. BRAIN combines network statistics and modeled application behavior to detect DDoS attacks using machine learning. Our experiments show that BRAIN can detect multiple types of DDoS attacks, including those are undetectable by existing tools with an accuracy of 99.8% and a false alarm rate of 0%.
Active contours with selective local or global segmentation: A new formulation and level set method

A novel region-based active contour model (ACM) is proposed in this paper. It is implemented with a special processing named Selective Binary and Gaussian Filtering Regularized Level Set (SBGFRLS) method, which first selectively penalizes the level set function to be binary, and then uses a Gaussian smoothing kernel to regularize it. The advantages of our method are as follows. First, a new region-based signed pressure force (SPF) function is proposed, which can efficiently stop the contours at weak or blurred edges. Second, the exterior and interior boundaries can be automatically detected with the initial contour being anywhere in the image. Third, the proposed ACM with SBGFRLS has the property of selective local or global segmentation. It can segment not only the desired object but also the other objects. Fourth, the level set function can be easily initialized with a binary function, which is more efficient to construct than the widely used signed distance function (SDF). The computational cost for traditional re-initialization can also be reduced. Finally, the proposed algorithm can be efficiently implemented by the simple finite difference scheme. Experiments on synthetic and real images demonstrate the advantages of the proposed method over geodesic active contours (GAC) and Chan–Vese (C–V) active contours in terms of both efficiency and accuracy. 2009 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
Automated Toll Tax Collection System using Cloud Database

In today’s era vehicles are large in number, the tollbooth seems to become bottleneck to pass through the gates due to their manual operations. This process may take few minutes to pass the toll system. In order to decrease this passing time, we decided to automate the process of toll system by doing technology enablement of Internet of Things (IoT). This work would reduce the manual work and hence would make the passing of the vehicles much faster as compared to traditional toll system.Every vehicle is tagged with a RFID tag, which has vehicle’s registration number in it, which can be sensed by RFID reader present at tollbooth.RFID reader will send this information to IoT controller (Arduino). Sensed registration number can looked in to cloud database for getting wallet balance and if sufficient balance is there, and then toll charges can be deducted automatically. While rider can enjoy pause free ride and will be intimated about his trip deduction charges. For interaction of client a mobile app will also be designed with which client can track all logs of payments and can add money in wallet using the app. The sole purpose of this paper is to reduce the hardships caused by manual toll collection system and it assures time saving, fuel conservation andcontributing in saving of money by making process automatictextbf
Cost and burden of gastroesophageal reflux disease among patients with persistent symptoms despite proton pump inhibitor therapy: an observational study in France

BACKGROUND
Gastrointestinal reflux disease (GERD) is a common disorder that negatively impacts health-related quality of life (HRQL) and work productivity. Many patients have only a partial response to proton pump inhibitor (PPI) therapy and continue to experience GERD symptoms despite optimized treatment. This observational study aimed to provide information on symptoms, HRQL, resource usage, costs and treatment pathways associated with partial response to PPI therapy in French patients with GERD.


METHODS
Patients with partial response to PPI therapy, defined as persistent GERD symptoms ≥3 days/week despite optimized treatment with a PPI, were recruited for this 12-month observational study. GERD symptoms, HRQL, work productivity and resource use were assessed by patient surveys. Costs were calculated based on lost work productivity and resource use.


RESULTS
The patient population (n=262; mean age, 54 years; 40% men) carried a significant symptom burden, with 98% of patients having moderate-to-severe GERD symptoms and 65% of patients experiencing daily symptoms at baseline. HRQL and work productivity were significantly impaired, with a greater degree of impairment in patients with higher symptom burden. The mean total cost per patient over the 12-month follow-up period was €5237, of which €4674 (89%) was due to lost work productivity.


CONCLUSIONS
Partial response to PPI therapy for GERD is associated with a high symptom burden, significant impairment of HRQL and work productivity, and substantial GERD-related costs.
CarSafe demo: supporting driver safety using dual-cameras on smartphones

We demonstrate CarSafe, a driver safety application for Android phones that fuses information from both front and back cameras and others embedded sensors on the phone to detect and alert drivers to dangerous driving conditions in and outside of the car. In this demonstration, we set up an emulated driving environment to show how CarSafe works.
Influence of gender and inspiratory muscle training on the perception of dyspnea in patients with asthma.

BACKGROUND
Men and women respond differently to asthma.


PATIENTS AND METHODS
Maximal inspiratory mouth pressure (P(Imax)), beta(2)-agonist consumption, and perception of dyspnea (POD) were measured in 22 women and 22 men with mild persistent-to-moderate asthma. Next, the women were randomized into two groups: those who received inspiratory muscle training and those who received sham training. The training ended when the P(Imax) of the training group was equal to that of the male subjects. POD was then measured once again.


RESULTS
Baseline P(Imax) was significantly lower (p < 0.01) while POD and mean daily beta(2)-agonist consumption were significantly higher in the female subjects. P(Imax) reached the level of the male subjects at the end of the 20th week of training. The increase in the P(Imax) was associated with a statistically significant decrease in mean daily beta(2)-agonist use and in POD to a similar level as in male subjects.


CONCLUSIONS
POD and mean daily beta(2)-agonist consumption in asthmatic women are significantly higher, and the P(Imax) significantly lower, than that of their male counterparts. When the P(Imax) of female subjects following training is equal to that in male subjects, the differences in POD and mean daily beta(2)-agonist consumption disappear.
The Design of Supermarket Electronic Shopping Guide System Based on ZigBee Communication

Based on the ZigBee networking technology and protocol analysis, The paper designs a ZigBee Network Model with the features of communication and location which mainly rests on CC2431 ZigBee network location property and further propose a mobile electronic supermarket shopping guide system which can locate expected goods , navigation and offer the latest information on supermarket product.
Phase II study of gemcitabine in combination with regional arterial infusion of nafamostat mesilate for advanced pancreatic cancer.

PURPOSE
To evaluate the efficacy of regional arterial infusion of the synthetic serine protease inhibitor nafamostat mesilate combined with gemcitabine for the treatment of patients with unresectable locally advanced or metastatic pancreatic cancer.


MATERIALS AND METHODS
A single-arm, single center, institutional review board-approved phase II trial was conducted. Thirty-five of 38 consecutive patients were included in the study. Patients received nafamostat mesilate (4.8 mg/kg continuous regional arterial infusion) with gemcitabine (1000 mg/m intravenously) on days 1, 8, and 15. This treatment was repeated at 28-day intervals. The primary endpoints were to evaluate overall survival and 1-year survival rate. The secondary endpoints were to assess therapeutic response and clinical benefit response. Overall survival times were estimated by the Kaplan-Meier survival analysis.


RESULTS
The median survival time was 10.0 months, and the 1-year survival rate was 40.0%. The response rate and disease control rate were 17.1% and 88.6%, respectively. A fraction of 25% of the patients who required opioids for cancer-related pain could reduce their opioid intake, and 37.1% of the patients showed healthy weight gain. Among the patients with metastatic pancreatic cancer, the median survival time was 9.0 months, and the 1-year survival rate was 32.0%. The proposed regimen offers an economic advantage compared with recent therapy regimens that have shown significant improvements in median survival over standard chemotherapy with gemcitabine.


CONCLUSIONS
An alternative regimen for unresectable pancreatic cancer, especially for metastatic pancreatic cancer, is proposed based on acceptable survival time, clinical benefit, and cost advantage.
Comparing two strategies of dynamic intensity modulated radiation therapy (dIMRT) with 3-dimensional conformal radiation therapy (3DCRT) in the hypofractionated treatment of high-risk prostate cancer

BACKGROUND
To compare two strategies of dynamic intensity modulated radiation therapy (dIMRT) with 3-dimensional conformal radiation therapy (3DCRT) in the setting of hypofractionated high-risk prostate cancer treatment.


METHODS
3DCRT and dIMRT/Helical Tomotherapy(HT) planning with 10 CT datasets was undertaken to deliver 68 Gy in 25 fractions (prostate) and simultaneously delivering 45 Gy in 25 fractions (pelvic lymph node targets) in a single phase. The paradigms of pelvic vessel targeting (iliac vessels with margin are used to target pelvic nodes) and conformal normal tissue avoidance (treated soft tissues of the pelvis while limiting dose to identified pelvic critical structures) were assessed compared to 3DCRT controls. Both dIMRT/HT and 3DCRT solutions were compared to each other using repeated measures ANOVA and post-hoc paired t-tests.


RESULTS
When compared to conformal pelvic vessel targeting, conformal normal tissue avoidance delivered more homogenous PTV delivery (2/2 t-test comparisons; p < 0.001), similar nodal coverage (8/8 t-test comparisons; p = ns), higher and more homogenous pelvic tissue dose (6/6 t-test comparisons; p < 0.03), at the cost of slightly higher critical structure dose (Ddose, 1-3 Gy over 5/10 dose points; p < 0.03). The dIMRT/HT approaches were superior to 3DCRT in sparing organs at risk (22/24 t-test comparisons; p < 0.05).


CONCLUSION
dIMRT/HT nodal and pelvic targeting is superior to 3DCRT in dose delivery and critical structure sparing in the setting of hypofractionation for high-risk prostate cancer. The pelvic targeting paradigm is a potential solution to deliver highly conformal pelvic radiation treatment in the setting of nodal location uncertainty in prostate cancer and other pelvic malignancies.
Steel Plates Faults Diagnosis with Data Mining Models

Problem statement: Over the last two decades, Fault Diagnosis (FD) ha s a major importance to enhance the quality of manufacturing a d to lessen the cost of product testing. Actually , quick and correct FD system helps to keep away from product quality problems and facilitates precautionary maintenance. FD may be considered as a pattern recognition problem. It has been gaining more and more attention to develop methods f r improving the accuracy and efficiency of pattern recognition. Many computational tools and a lgorithms that have been recently developed could be used. Approach: This study evaluates the performances of three of the popular and effective data mining models to diagnose seven commonly occurring faults of the steel plate namely; Pastry, Z_Scratch, K_Scatch, Stains, Dirtiness, Bumps and O ther_Faults. The models include C5.0 decision tree (C5.0 DT) with boosting, Multi Perception Neur al Network (MLPNN) with pruning and Logistic Regression (LR) with step forward. The steel plates fault dataset investigated in this study is taken from the University of California at Irvine (UCI) m achine learning repository. Results: Given a training set of such patterns, the individual model learned how to differentiate a new case in the domain. The diagnosis performances of the proposed mo els are presented using statistical accuracy, specificity and sensitivity. The diagnostic accurac y of the C5.0 decision tree with boosting algorithm has achieved a remarkable performance with 97.25 an d 98.09% accuracy on training and test subset. C5.0 has outperformed the other two models. Conclusion: Experimental results showed that data mining algorithms in general and decision trees in particular have the great impact of on the problem of steel plates fault diagnosis.
Gating of aqùaporins by light and reactive oxygen species in leaf parenchyma cells of the midrib of Zea mays

Changes of the water permeability aqùaporin (AQP) activity of leaf cells were investigated in response to different light regimes (low versus high). Using a cell pressure probe, hydraulic properties (half-time of water exchange, T(1/2) infinity 1/water permeability) of parenchyma cells in the midrib tissue of maize (Zea mays L.) leaves have been measured. A new perfusion technique was applied to excised leaves to keep turgor constant and to modify the environment around cells by perfusing solutions using a pressure chamber. In response to low light (LL) of 200 micromol m(-2) s(-1), T(1/2) decreased during the perfusion of a control solution of 0.5 mM CaCl(2) by a factor of two. This was in line with earlier results from leaf cells of intact maize plants at a constant turgor. In contrast, high light (HL) at intensities of 800 micromol m(-2) s(-1) and 1800 micromol m(-2) s(-1) increased the T(1/2) in two-thirds of cells by factors of 14 and 35, respectively. The effects of HL on T(1/2) were similar to those caused by H(2)O(2) treatment in the presence of Fe(2+), which produced *OH (Fenton reaction; reversible oxidative gating of aquaporins). Treatments with 20 mM H(2)O(2) following Fe(2+) pre-treatments increased the T(1/2) by a factor of 30. Those increased T(1/2) values could be partly recovered, either when the perfusion solution was changed back to the control solution or when LL was applied. 3mM of the antioxidant glutathione also reversed the effects of HL. The data suggest that HL could induce reactive oxygen species (ROS) such as *OH, and they affected water relations. The results provide evidence that the varying light climate adjusts water flow at the cell level; that is, water flow is maximized at a certain light intensity and then reduced again by HL. Light effects are discussed in terms of an oxidative gating of aquaporins by ROS.
The School Bus : A Neglected Children ’ s Environment

Many children and youth in rural communities spend significant portions of their lives on school buses. This paper reviews the limited empirical research on the school bus experience, presents some new exploratory data, and offers some suggestions for future research on the impact of riding the school bus on children and youth.
Macrophage Migration Inhibitory Factor Deficiency Ameliorates High-Fat Diet Induced Insulin Resistance in Mice with Reduced Adipose Inflammation and Hepatic Steatosis

Macrophage infiltration is a critical determinant of high-fat diet induced adipose tissue inflammation and insulin resistance. The precise mechanisms underpinning the initiation of macrophage recruitment and activation are unclear. Macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF), a pro-inflammatory cytokine, displays chemokine-like properties. Circulating MIF levels are elevated during obesity however its role in high-fat diet induced adipose inflammation and insulin resistance remains elusive. Wildtype and MIF-/- C57Bl\6J mice were fed chow or high-fat diet. Body weight and food intake was assessed. Glucose homeostasis was monitored by glucose and insulin tolerance tests. Adipose tissue macrophage recruitment and adipose tissue insulin sensitivity was evaluated. Cytokine secretion from stromal vascular fraction, adipose explants and bone marrow macrophages was measured. Inflammatory signature and insulin sensitivity of 3T3-L1-adipocytes co-cultured with wildtype and MIF-/- macrophage was quantified. Hepatic triacylglyceride levels were assessed. MIF-/- exhibited reduced weight gain. Age and weight-matched obese MIF-/- mice exhibited improved glucose homeostasis coincident with reduced adipose tissue M1 macrophage infiltration. Obese MIF-/- stromal vascular fraction secreted less TNFα and greater IL-10 compared to wildtype. Activation of JNK was impaired in obese MIF-/-adipose, concomitant with pAKT expression. 3T3-L1-adipocytes cultured with MIF-/- macrophages had reduced pro-inflammatory cytokine secretion and improved insulin sensitivity, effects which were also attained with MIF inhibitor ISO-1. MIF-/- liver exhibited reduced hepatic triacyglyceride accumulation, enhanced pAKT expression and reduced NFκB activation. MIF deficiency partially protects from high-fat diet induced insulin resistance by attenuating macrophage infiltration, ameliorating adipose inflammation, which improved adipocyte insulin resistance ex vivo. MIF represents a potential therapeutic target for treatment of high-fat diet induced insulin resistance.