LLukas22/scidocs huggingface dataset:
(Re)Defining Gamification: A Process Approach

Gamification is a growing phenomenon of interest to both practitioners and researchers. There remains, however, uncertainty about the contours of the field. Defining gamification as “the process of making activities more game-like” focuses on the crucial space between the components that make up games and the holistic experience of gamefulness. It better fits real-world examples and connects gamification with the literature on persuasive design.
Big data analytics platform for flight safety monitoring

The conventional methods of data analytics for flight safety monitoring have met many bottlenecks. This paper analyzes the insufficiencies of the preliminary business process of an airline. For the purpose of meeting requirements of efficiency and accuracy and avoiding the drawbacks encountered before, the architectural framework of the flight safety monitoring platform utilizing big data technology is proposed and demonstrated by the function module structure and logical structure. The platform is implemented by dividing the system into five subsystems, namely data acquisition, data decoding, data storage, data analysis and visualization.
Philosophical Studies on Wittgenstein in China

Abstract It has been a century since Wittgenstein was introduced into China, and his philosophy has been in conflict with traditional Chinese philosophy and culture ever since. During this time, Wittgenstein’s philosophy has been the focus of considerable dialogue regarding Chinese and Western philosophies and has been responsible for introducing many new ideas into Chinese philosophy. There are three ways to study Wittgenstein’s philosophy in China: contextual reading, interpretation of thoughts and extended understanding. Chen Jiaying is one of the foremost scholars of the study of Wittgenstein in China. This scholar incorporates Wittgenstein’s methodology, especially in his later philosophy, to explain meanings of ordinary language. Wittgenstein’s philosophy introduces anti-essentialism into Chinese studies, a new way to interpret the philosophy of language, and his criticism of traditional Western philosophy. Taken together, these factors emphasise the significance of Wittgenstein’s philosophy to philosophical research in China.
Reversible Execution and Visualization of Programs with LEONARDO

*Dipartimento di Sistemi ed Informatica, Università degli Studi di Firenze, Via Cesare Lombroso 6/17, 50134 Firenze, Italy, e-mail: piluc@dsi.unifi.it, sDipartimento di Informatica e Sistemistica, Università degli Studi di Roma ‘‘La Sapienza’, Via Salaria 113, 00198 Roma, Italy, e-mail: demetres@dis.uniroma1.it and tDipartimento di Scienze dell’Informazione, Università degli Studi di Roma ‘‘La Sapienza’, via Salaria 113, 00198 Roma, Italy, e-mail: Mfinocchi,petreschiN@dsi.uniroma1.it
OPTIMUM PERFORMANCE IN THE BADMINTON JUMP SMASH

Introduction The badminton smash is an essential component of a player’s repertoire and a significant stroke in gaining success as it is the most common winning shot, accounting for 53.9% of winning shots (Tsai and Chang, 1998; Tong and Hong, 2000; Rambely et al., 2005). The speed of the shuttlecock exceeds that of any other racket sport projectile with a maximum shuttle speed of 493 km/h (306 mph) reported in 2013 by Tan Boon Heong. If a player is able to cause the shuttle to travel at a higher velocity and give the opponent less reaction time to the shot, it would be expected that the smash would be a more effective weapon (Kollath, 1996; Sakurai and Ohtsuki, 2000).
Efficacy of amantadine on quality of life in patients with chronic hepatitis C treated with interferon-alpha and ribavirin: results from a randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind trial.

AIM
The aim of this study was to investigate whether amantadine reduces deterioration of quality of life in patients with chronic hepatitis C during and after treatment with interferon-alpha (IFN-alpha) and ribavirin.


PATIENTS AND METHODS
In this randomized, prospective, placebo-controlled, multicenter trial, previously untreated patients with chronic hepatitis C were treated with IFN-alpha plus ribavirin [17] and randomized for treatment with amantadine (200 mg/day, orally, n=136) or placebo (n=131). Quality of life was assessed with the 'Profile of Mood States' scale and the 'Everyday Life' questionnaire at baseline, treatment week (TW) 8, TW24, TW48, and at follow-up.


RESULTS
Early during treatment at TW8, quality of life was not different between patients in the control and the amantadine group. At TW24, the control group but not the amantadine group, however, showed significant deterioration of the modalities depression, fatigue, and vigor compared with baseline. Especially, nonresponders in the amantadine group showed significantly lower deterioration of depression, anger, mind function, everyday life, and zest for life than those in the placebo group. After treatment, the beneficial effects of amantadine disappeared.


CONCLUSION
The addition of amantadine to IFN-alpha plus ribavirin combination therapy may reduce deterioration of depression, fatigue, and vigor during treatment but does not affect quality of life after treatment.
Cluster Kernels for Semi-Supervised Learning

We propose a framework to incorporate unlabeled data in kernel classifier, based on the idea that two points in the same cluster are more likely to have the same label. This is achieved by modifying the eigenspectrum of the kernel matrix. Experimental results assess the validity of this approach.
Les bactériocines des bactéries lactiques : caractéristiques et intérêts pour la bioconservation des produits alimentaires

Les bactéries lactiques sont un groupe hétérogène de microorganismes produisant de l’acide lactique comme produit principal du métabolisme. Elles colonisent de nombreux produits alimentaires comme les produits laitiers, la viande, les végétaux et les céréales et font partie de la flore intestinale et vaginale humaine ou animale. Elles sont impliquées dans un grand nombre de fermentations spontanées de produits alimentaires (Stiles et al., 1997), ce qui a conduit à la reconnaissance de leur statut GRAS (Generally Recognized As Safe) (Klaenhammer et al., 2005). Actuellement, les bactéries lactiques regroupent treize genres bactériens différents : Lactobacillus, Bifidobacterium, Leuconostoc, Lactococcus, Enterococcus, Streptococcus, Pediococcus, Carnobacterium, Oenococcus, Weissella, Aerococcus, Tetragenococcus et Vagococcus. Elles sont principalement utilisées en tant que starter dans les produits alimentaires fermentés où elles permettent de développer certaines caractéristiques organoleptiques et d’augmenter la durée de conservation (Abee, 1995 ; Hugenholtz et al., 1999). En effet, les bactéries lactiques produisent de nombreux métabolites aux propriétés antimicrobiennes tels que les acides organiques, le peroxyde d’hydrogène, le dioxyde de carbone, la reutérine, le diacétyl et les bactériocines. Les bactériocines sont des peptides antimicrobiens inhibant la croissance de bactéries altérantes ou pathogènes. Les souches les produisant peuvent donc également être utilisées dans des produits non fermentés en tant que culture protectrice. Une culture protectrice est une culture antagoniste ajoutée à un produit alimentaire pour inhiber les bactéries pathogènes et/ou altérantes et ainsi prolonger sa durée de vie en changeant ses propriétés organoleptiques le moins possible (Rodgers, 2001 ; 2003 ; Vermeiren et al., 2004). Cet article présente les bactériocines produites par les bactéries lactiques et leurs potentialités d’applications.
Low dose vs standard dose of antipsychotics for relapse prevention in schizophrenia: meta-analysis.

BACKGROUND
It remains unknown as to whether the antipsychotic dose needed for the acute-phase treatment of schizophrenia is also necessary for relapse prevention.


AIM
To compare the efficacy between standard dose [(World Health Organization daily defined dose (DDD)] vs low dose (≥50% to <1 DDD) or very low dose (<50% DDD) for relapse prevention in schizophrenia.


DATA SOURCE
Double-blind, randomized, controlled trials with a follow-up duration of ≥24 weeks, including ≥2 dosage groups of the same antipsychotic drug for relapse prevention in schizophrenia, were searched using MEDLINE, the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, and EMBASE (last search: August 2009).


DATA EXTRACTION
Data on overall treatment failure, hospitalization, relapse, and dropouts due to side effects were extracted and combined in a meta-analysis.


DATA SYNTHESIS
Thirteen studies with 1395 subjects were included in this meta-analysis. Compared with the standard-dose treatment, the low-dose therapy did not show any statistically significant difference in overall treatment failure or hospitalization, while the standard dose showed a trend-level (P = .05) superiority in risk of relapse. The very low-dose group was inferior to the standard-dose group in all efficacy parameters. No significant difference was found in the rate of dropouts due to side effects between either standard dose vs low dose or very low dose.


CONCLUSIONS
Although antipsychotic treatment with ≥50% to <1 DDD may be as effective as standard-dose therapy, there are insufficient clinical trial data to draw firm conclusions on standard- vs low-dose maintenance antipsychotic therapy for schizophrenia.
Band-pass Reservoir Computing

Many applications of Reservoir Computing (and other signal processing techniques) have to deal with information processing of signals with multiple time-scales. Classical Reservoir Computing approaches can only cope with multiple frequencies to a limited degree. In this work we investigate reservoirs build of band-pass filter neurons which can be made sensitive to a specified frequency band. We demonstrate that many currently difficult tasks for reservoirs can be handled much better by a band-pass filter reservoir.
Clinical effectiveness of an ultra-brief intervention for common mental health syndromes in primary care: study protocol for a cluster randomized controlled trial

BACKGROUND
Although mild to moderate mental health problems are common and often debilitating, treatment options in primary care settings in New Zealand are often severely limited for patients with these conditions. Previously, we developed an ultra-brief intervention (UBI) to address mild to moderate psychological concerns, designed to be delivered by primary care clinicians. Recent feasibility testing, including an adaptation for Māori individuals (the indigenous people of New Zealand), showed that the brief intervention was feasible and acceptable to both clinicians and their patients. This protocol describes a large pragmatic randomized controlled trial of our UBI in primary care settings across the greater Wellington region, compared with practice as usual.


METHODS/DESIGN
We are using a two-arm cluster randomized controlled trial, with primary care practices randomized to exclusively deliver either the UBI or practice as usual to all their recruited participants. The structured, guided self-help UBI is delivered in three brief general practitioner (GP) appointments over a five week period. Participants are invited into the study based on partner primary health organization access criteria (youth, people with low income, or people with Māori or Pacific Island heritage). Improvements in mental health from baseline to post-treatment will be compared between the intervention and control groups using a mixed-models application of analysis of covariance. Data analysis will be on an intention-to-treat basis, to increase the real-world relevance of UBI and to meet the study's objective of releasing UBI to primary care clinicians nationwide.


DISCUSSION
The UBI is a first-line intervention tool for GPs that models the stepped care approach advocated in New Zealand, against a background of limited access to treatments for often-overlooked patient groups. It is proposed to be accessible to clinicians and patients alike, with the potential to be relevant to primary care clinicians across New Zealand.


TRIAL REGISTRATION
Australian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry ACTRN12613000041752.
Embedded Computer-Based Lecture Attendance Management System

Electronic cards like magnetic cards and smart cards have been used worldwide for different functions such as electronic payment system (credit card and debit/ATM cards), electronic voting system, personnel identification system and security system. In this paper, we present an electronic card-based solution to the lecture attendance problem in higher institutions in the developing countries. Ours is based on single-chip computer based subsystems interfaced serially to the serial port of the digital computer. The developed system could speed up the process of taking students lecture attendance and allows for error free and faster verification process of authenticating student lecture attendance policy required for writing examination in a campus environment.
Development and preliminary testing of a self-rating instrument to measure self-directed learning ability of nursing students.

BACKGROUND
With the growing trend of preparing students for lifelong learning, the theory of self-directed learning (SDL) has been increasingly applied in the context of higher education. In order to foster lifelong learning, abilities among nursing students, faculties need to have an appropriate instrument to measure the SDL abilities of nursing students.


OBJECTIVES
The objectives of this study were to develop an instrument to measure the SDL abilities of nursing students and to test the validity and reliability of this instrument.


METHODS
This study was conducted in 4 phases. In Phase 1, based on a review of the literature, the researchers developed an instrument to measure SDL. In Phase 2, two rounds of the Delphi study were conducted, to determine the content validity of the instrument. In Phase 3, a convenience sample of 1072 nursing students from two representative schools across three different types of nursing programs were recruited to test the construct validity of the Self-Directed Learning Instrument (SDLI). Finally, in Phase 4, the internal consistency and reliability of the instrument were tested.


RESULTS
The resulting SDLI consists of 20 items across the following four domains: learning motivation, planning and implementing, self-monitoring, and interpersonal, communication. The final model in confirmatory factor analysis revealed that this 20-item SDLI indicated a good fit of the model. The value of Cronbach's alpha for the total scale was .916 and for the four domains were .801, .861, .785, and .765, respectively.


CONCLUSIONS
The SDLI is a valid and reliable instrument for identifying student SDL abilities. It is available to students in nursing and similar medical programs to evaluate their own SDL. This scale may also enable nursing faculty to assess students' SDL status, design better lesson plans and curricula, and, implement appropriate teaching strategies for nursing students in order to foster the growth of lifelong learning abilities.
Chronic critical illness: the growing challenge to health care.

The chronically critically ill (CCI) comprise a rapidly growing population of patients who have survived acute critical illness, only to be left with ongoing organ dysfunctions requiring high levels of specialized care for months or years. In many ways, CCI is an "iatrogenic" process, reflecting the ability of modern life support technologies to keep patients alive for prolonged periods of time despite ongoing life threatening illness. Venues of care for the CCI patient include acute care hospitals (both ICU and step-down facilities), specialized long term acute care hospitals, and, less commonly, skilled nursing facilities, or even the home. Importantly, CCI patients transition among these venues frequently, reflecting the nature of CCI to be punctuated with episodes of acute critical illness. Management of the CCI population requires a special combination of intensive care and rehabilitative skills.
Classification Experiments for Number Plate Recognition Data Set Using Weka

the Paper presents the comparison of different classification techniques for the task of classifying Number plate image data set. The comparison was conducted using WEKA (Waikato Environment for Knowledge Analysis) open source which mainly consists the collection of machine learning algorithms for data mining purpose. The main purpose of this paper is to investigate efficiency of different classification methods by applying on the Number Plate Image data set. Which will further used in Number Plate Recognition process. The methods or algorithms performed are J48 (Decision Tree), MLP (Multilayer Perceptron), Naïve Bayes, K-NN (K-Nearest Neighbors) and the result of MLP was better than others received in range of 78% 96% as compared to other techniques. Keywords— J48(Decision Tree), MLP, Naïve Bayes, K-NN.
The cumulative cost of additional wakefulness: dose-response effects on neurobehavioral functions and sleep physiology from chronic sleep restriction and total sleep deprivation.

OBJECTIVES
To inform the debate over whether human sleep can be chronically reduced without consequences, we conducted a dose-response chronic sleep restriction experiment in which waking neurobehavioral and sleep physiological functions were monitored and compared to those for total sleep deprivation.


DESIGN
The chronic sleep restriction experiment involved randomization to one of three sleep doses (4 h, 6 h, or 8 h time in bed per night), which were maintained for 14 consecutive days. The total sleep deprivation experiment involved 3 nights without sleep (0 h time in bed). Each study also involved 3 baseline (pre-deprivation) days and 3 recovery days.


SETTING
Both experiments were conducted under standardized laboratory conditions with continuous behavioral, physiological and medical monitoring.


PARTICIPANTS
A total of n = 48 healthy adults (ages 21-38) participated in the experiments.


INTERVENTIONS
Noctumal sleep periods were restricted to 8 h, 6 h or 4 h per day for 14 days, or to 0 h for 3 days. All other sleep was prohibited.


RESULTS
Chronic restriction of sleep periods to 4 h or 6 h per night over 14 consecutive days resulted in significant cumulative, dose-dependent deficits in cognitive performance on all tasks. Subjective sleepiness ratings showed an acute response to sleep restriction but only small further increases on subsequent days, and did not significantly differentiate the 6 h and 4 h conditions. Polysomnographic variables and delta power in the non-REM sleep EEG-a putative marker of sleep homeostasis--displayed an acute response to sleep restriction with negligible further changes across the 14 restricted nights. Comparison of chronic sleep restriction to total sleep deprivation showed that the latter resulted in disproportionately large waking neurobehavioral and sleep delta power responses relative to how much sleep was lost. A statistical model revealed that, regardless of the mode of sleep deprivation, lapses in behavioral alertness were near-linearly related to the cumulative duration of wakefulness in excess of 15.84 h (s.e. 0.73 h).


CONCLUSIONS
Since chronic restriction of sleep to 6 h or less per night produced cognitive performance deficits equivalent to up to 2 nights of total sleep deprivation, it appears that even relatively moderate sleep restriction can seriously impair waking neurobehavioral functions in healthy adults. Sleepiness ratings suggest that subjects were largely unaware of these increasing cognitive deficits, which may explain why the impact of chronic sleep restriction on waking cognitive functions is often assumed to be benign. Physiological sleep responses to chronic restriction did not mirror waking neurobehavioral responses, but cumulative wakefulness in excess of a 15.84 h predicted performance lapses across all four experimental conditions. This suggests that sleep debt is perhaps best understood as resulting in additional wakefulness that has a neurobiological "cost" which accumulates over time.
Po-210 and Pb-210 as atmospheric tracers and global atmospheric Pb-210 fallout: a review.

Over the past ∼ 5 decades, the distribution of (222)Rn and its progenies (mainly (210)Pb, (210)Bi and (210)Po) have provided a wealth of information as tracers to quantify several atmospheric processes that include: i) source tracking and transport time scales of air masses; ii) the stability and vertical movement of air masses iii) removal rate constants and residence times of aerosols; iv) chemical behavior of analog species; and v) washout ratios and deposition velocities of aerosols. Most of these applications require that the sources and sink terms of these nuclides are well characterized. Utility of (210)Pb, (210)Bi and (210)Po as atmospheric tracers requires that data on the (222)Rn emanation rates is well documented. Due to low concentrations of (226)Ra in surface waters, the (222)Rn emanation rates from the continent is about two orders of magnitude higher than that of the ocean. This has led to distinctly higher (210)Pb concentrations in continental air masses compared to oceanic air masses. The highly varying concentrations of (210)Pb in air as well the depositional fluxes have yielded insight on the sources and transit times of aerosols. In an ideal enclosed air mass (closed system with respect to these nuclides), the residence times of aerosols obtained from the activity ratios of (210)Pb/(222)Rn, (210)Bi/(210)Pb, and (210)Po/(210)Pb are expected to agree with each other, but a large number of studies have indicated discordance between the residence times obtained from these three pairs. Recent results from the distribution of these nuclides in size-fractionated aerosols appear to yield consistent residence time in smaller-size aerosols, possibly suggesting that larger size aerosols are derived from resuspended dust. The residence times calculated from the (210)Pb/(222)Rn, (210)Bi/(210)Pb, and (210)Po/(210)Pb activity ratios published from 1970's are compared to those data obtained in size-fractionated aerosols in this decade and possible reasons for the discordance is discussed with some key recommendations for future studies. The existing global atmospheric inventory data of (210)Pb is re-evaluated and a 'global curve' for the depositional fluxes of (210)Pb is established. A current global budget for atmospheric (210)Po and (210)Pb is also established. The relative importance of dry fallout of (210)Po and (210)Pb at different latitudes is evaluated. The global values for the deposition velocities of aerosols using (210)Po and (210)Pb are synthesized.
Biofeedback-assisted relaxation in type 2 diabetes.

OBJECTIVE
The objective of this randomized controlled study was to determine the effects of biofeedback and relaxation on blood glucose and HbA1c (A1C) in patients with type 2 diabetes.


RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS
Patients with type 2 diabetes were randomized to either 10 sessions of biofeedback (electromyograph and thermal) and relaxation or 3 sessions of education. All sessions were individual. A total of 39 participants were entered, and 30 completed the 3-month protocol. Average blood glucose, A1C, forehead muscle tension, and peripheral skin temperature were assessed, and inventories measuring depression and anxiety were administered pre-randomization and after completion of treatment/control.


RESULTS
Biofeedback and relaxation were associated with significant decreases in average blood glucose, A1C, and muscle tension compared with the control group. At 3-month follow-up, the treatment group continued to demonstrate lower blood glucose and A1C. Both groups decreased scores on the depression and anxiety inventories. Patients with depression had higher blood glucose levels and tended to drop out of the study.


CONCLUSIONS
This study supports the use of biofeedback and relaxation in patients with type 2 diabetes for up to 3 months after treatment. Further research is necessary to determine the long-term effects of biofeedback and the effects of mood on patients' responses to treatment.