LLukas22/scidocs huggingface dataset:
The DARE study of relapse prevention in depression: design for a phase 1/2 translational randomised controlled trial involving mindfulness-based cognitive therapy and supported self monitoring

BACKGROUND
Depression is a common condition that typically has a relapsing course. Effective interventions targeting relapse have the potential to dramatically reduce the point prevalence of the condition. Mindfulness-based cognitive therapy (MBCT) is a group-based intervention that has shown efficacy in reducing depressive relapse. While trials of MBCT to date have met the core requirements of phase 1 translational research, there is a need now to move to phase 2 translational research - the application of MBCT within real-world settings with a view to informing policy and clinical practice. The aim of this trial is to examine the clinical impact and health economics of MBCT under real-world conditions and where efforts have been made to assess for and prevent resentful demoralization among the control group. Secondary aims of the project involve extending the phase 1 agenda to an examination of the effects of co-morbidity and mechanisms of action.


METHODS/DESIGN
This study is designed as a prospective, multi-site, single-blind, randomised controlled trial using a group comparison design between involving the intervention, MBCT, and a self-monitoring comparison condition, Depression Relapse Active Monitoring (DRAM). Follow-up is over 2 years. The design of the study indicates recruitment from primary and secondary care of 204 participants who have a history of 3 or more episodes of Major Depression but who are currently well. Measures assessing depressive relapse/recurrence, time to first clinical intervention, treatment expectancy and a range of secondary outcomes and process variables are included. A health economics evaluation will be undertaken to assess the incremental cost of MBCT.


DISCUSSION
The results of this trial, including an examination of clinical, functional and health economic outcomes, will be used to assess the role that this treatment approach may have in recommendations for treatment of depression in Australia and elsewhere. If the findings are positive, we expect that this research will consolidate the evidence base to guide the decision to fund MBCT and to seek to promote its availability to those who have experienced at least 3 episodes of depression.


TRIAL REGISTRATION
Australian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry: ACTRN12607000166471.
the scientific association of the lake of constance psychiatrists 1919-1932 psychoanalytic contributions to the treatment of psychoses

Abstract From 1919 until 1932, psychiatrists from the mental hospitals near Lake Constance and from the Bellevue-Sanatorium in Kreuzlingen/Switzedand organized regular scientific meetings, where well-known representatives of all the relevant psychiatric and psychotherapeutic schools and important phenomen-ologicai philosophers came together. Getting in touch with psychoanalytical and social psychiatric trends led to a quite lively and fruitful exchange in theory and practice. Through the Reichenau psychiatrist Alfred Schwenninger, Ludwig Binswanger got to know personally the phenomenologic philosophers Alexander Pfander and Edmund Husserl, who also held lectures at meetings there. Hans Wolfgang Maier from the Burgholzli in Zurich and his colleagues from Herisau and Munsterlingen concentrated on the mainly social psychiatric and forensic work diey did. Quite a few of the lectures were published in the TZeitschrift fur die gesamte Neurologie und Psychiatrie The paper concentrates on contributions related to...
An axial flux permanent magnet synchronous generator for a gearless wind energy system

In low speed applications such as wind energy conversion systems, the use of direct driven generators, instead of geared machines, reduces the number of drive components, which offers the opportunity to reduce costs and increases system reliability and efficiency. The Axial Flux Permanent Magnet (AFPM) generator is particularly suited for such application, since it can be designed with a large pole number and a high torque density. This paper presents the design, construction and experimental validation of a double-sided AFPM synchronous generator prototype, with internal rotor and slotted stators. Design objectives embrace achieving a good compromise between performance characteristics and feasibility of construction, which results in a cost competitive machine.
Rest versus exercise hemodynamics for middle cerebral artery aneurysms: a computational study.

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE
Exercise is an accepted method of improving cardiovascular health; however, the impact of increases in blood flow and heart rate on a cerebral aneurysms is unknown. This study was performed to simulate the changes in hemodynamic conditions within an intracranial aneurysm when a patient exercises.


MATERIALS AND METHODS
Rotational 3D digital subtraction angiograms were used to reconstruct patient-specific geometries of 3 aneurysms located at the bifurcation of the middle cerebral artery. CFD was used to solve for transient flow fields during simulated rest and exercise conditions. Inlet conditions were set by using published transcranial Doppler sonography data for the middle cerebral artery. Velocity fields were analyzed and postprocessed to provide physiologically relevant metrics.


RESULTS
Overall flow patterns were not significantly altered during exercise. Across subjects, during the exercise simulation, time-averaged WSS increased by a mean of 20% (range, 4%-34%), the RRT of a particle in the near-wall flow decreased by a mean of 28% (range, 13%-40%), and time-averaged pressure on the aneurysm wall did not change significantly. In 2 of the aneurysms, there was a 3-fold order-of-magnitude spatial difference in RRT between the aneurysm and surrounding vasculature.


CONCLUSIONS
WSS did not increase significantly during simulated moderate aerobic exercise. While the reduction in RRT during exercise was small in comparison with spatial differences, there may be potential benefits associated with decreased RRT (ie, improved replenishment of nutrients to cells within the aneurysmal tissue).
Predictive role of prenasal thickness and nasal bone for Down syndrome in the second trimester.

OBJECTIVE
To assess the efficacy of prenasal thickness (PNT) and nasal bone (NB) for prediction of Down syndrome (DS) fetuses in the second trimester ultrasound examination.


STUDY DESIGN
PNT was measured from stored two-dimensional fetal profile images taken at 15-23 weeks in 242 fetuses with normal karyotype (Group 1) and 24 fetuses with DS (Group 2). It was measured as the shortest distance from the anterior edge of the lowest part of the frontal bone to the skin. The efficacy of PNT, NB, PNT/NB and biparietal diameter (BPD)/NB was evaluated for prediction of DS.


RESULTS
PNT values increased with gestational age in normal fetuses. PNT measurement was ≥95th percentile in 54.2% (13/24) of the DS cases and 2.9% of the normal cases. Receiver operator curve analysis showed that PNT/NB ratio had the best area under the curve with a detection rate of 80% for a false positive rate of 5% at a cut-off value of 0.76.


CONCLUSIONS
PNT is increased in fetuses with DS as compared to normal fetuses. PNT/NB≥0.76 in the second trimester is a better predictor of DS than the use of PNT or NB alone.
Vertical movements of North Sea cod

Various air-breathing marine vertebrates such as seals, turtles and seabirds show distinct patterns of diving behaviour. For fish, the distinction between different vertical behaviours is often less clear-cut, as there are no surface intervals to differentiate between dives. Using data from acoustic tags (n = 23) and archival depth recorders attached to cod Gadus morhua (n = 92) in the southern North Sea, we developed a quantitative method of classifying vertical movements in order to facilitate an objective comparison of the behaviour of different individuals. This method expands the utilisation of data from data storage tags, with the potential for a better understanding of fish behaviour and enhanced individual based behaviour for improved ecosystem modelling. We found that cod were closely associated with the seabed for 90% of the time, although they showed distinct seasonal and spatial patterns in behaviour. For example, cod tagged in the southern North Sea exhibited high rates of vertical movement in spring and autumn that were probably associated with migration, while the vertical movements of resident cod in other areas were much less extensive and were probably related to foraging or spawning behaviours. The full reasons underlying spatial and temporal behavioural plasticity by cod in the North Sea warrant further investigation.
Self-Theories : The Mindset of a

Introduction There are things that distinguish great athletes—champions—from others. Most of the sports world thinks it’s their talent. I will argue today that it’s their mindset. This idea is brought to life by the story of Billy Beane, told so well by Michael Lewis in the book Moneyball. When Beane was in high school, he was in fact a huge talent--what they call a “natural.” He was the highest scorer on the basketball team, the quarterback of the football team, and the top hitter on the very competitive baseball team. And he was all these things without a great deal of effort. People thought he was the new Babe Ruth. However, as soon as anything went wrong, Beane lost it. He didn’t know how to learn from his mistakes, he didn’t know how to practice to improve. Why? Because naturals shouldn’t make mistakes or need practice. When Beane moved up to the baseball major leagues, things got progressively worse. Every at bat was a do-or-die situation and with every out he fell apart. Again, If you’re a natural, you shouldn’t have any flaws, so you can’t face your deficiencies and coach or practice them away. Beane’s lack of emphasis on learning and his inability to function in the face of setbacks—where does this come from? With avid practice and the right coaching he could have been one of the greats. Why didn’t he seek that? I will show how his behavior comes right out of his self-theory—out of a “fixed” mindset. Self-Theories In my work, I have identified two theories of ability that people may hold: an entity theory, in which people believe their abilities are fixed. You have a certain amount of intelligence or talent and that’s that. You can learn new things but you can’t change your ability. (I also call this the fixed mindset.) In contrast, others hold an incremental theory of ability. They believe that their abilities are things they can cultivate and develop throughout their lives. They believe that through effort and learning, they can become smarter or more talented. It’s not that they deny differences among people—that some people may know more, learn faster or even have more natural facility in area. But what they focus on is the idea that everyone can get better over time. (I also call this the growth mindset.)
Comparison of polymerase chain reaction and culture for detection of genital mycoplasma in clinical samples from patients with genital infections.

OBJECTIVE
Comparison of polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and culture for detection of genital mycoplasma (Mycoplasma hominis, Mycoplasma genitalium, and Ureaplasma urealyticum) in clinical samples from patients with genital infections.


METHODS
Duplicate genital swabs were taken from 210 patients, referred to the gynecology clinic of Rasool Hospital, Tehran, Iran between December 2007 and June 2008. They were transported to the laboratory in a selective mycoplasma transport medium and in phosphate buffer solution. The specimens were inoculated into specific broth and solid medium for culture. Characteristic mycoplasma colonies were determined with Diennes' stain and examined microscopically. For PCR, samples were analyzed with genus specific primers. The primer sets, which were originally designed in our laboratory, amplified a 465 bp fragment (Mycoplasma genitalium), 559 bp fragment (Ureaplasma urealyticum), and 630 bp fragment (Mycoplasma hominis). Samples containing a band of the expected sizes for mycoplasma strains were subjected to digestion with a restriction endonuclease enzyme.


RESULTS
Of the 210 samples, mycoplasma strains were isolated from 83 patients (39.5%), (23 mycoplasma isolates, 11%; and 69 ureaplasma isolates, 32.9%) by using a selective mycoplasma isolation media. Using PCR, a total of 120 (57.1%) samples were found to be positive for mycoplasmas (28 mycoplasma spp., 13.3%; and 67 ureaplasma spp., 31.9%) and co-infections with both species were detected in 25 samples (11.9%).


CONCLUSION
The PCR was found to be highly sensitive when genus specific primers were used for diagnosis of genital mycoplasmas in comparison with culture.
Stratified analysis of clinical outcomes in thoracoscopic sympathicotomy for hyperhidrosis.

BACKGROUND
The primary goal of this study is to identify clinical variables associated with successful surgical treatment for hyperhidrosis and facial blushing.


METHODS
Six hundred eight thoracoscopic sympathicotomies were performed in 304 patients. Retrospective stratified analysis of patients after thoracoscopic sympathicotomy for hyperhidrosis or facial blushing and having completed follow-up of at least 6 months (n = 232) was performed. Preoperative and postoperative quality-of-life indices (range, 0 to 3) were used to measure impact of surgery, and comparisons were indexed to preoperative symptoms. Postoperative compensatory sweating was analyzed with respect to the level(s) of sympathetic chain division.


RESULTS
Thoracoscopic sympathicotomy was performed at level T2 alone in 5% of patients; levels T2 to T3 in 63% of patients; levels T3 to T4 in 3% of patients; levels T2 to T4 in 14% of patients; and more than three levels in 14% of patients. In hyperhidrosis patients, mean preoperative quality-of-life index was 2.0 and postoperative quality-of-life index was 0.4 (p < 0.001). Facial blushers had preoperative and postoperative quality-of-life index of 2.6 and 1.0, respectively. Significant compensatory sweating was seen in 33% patients overall and occurred in 29% of patients with palmar symptoms, 26% of axillary patients, and 42% of facial blushers. Significant compensatory sweating in relation to the level(s) of sympathetic chain division occurred in T2 alone, 45%; T2 to T3, 30%; T3 to T4, 14%; T2 to T4, 38%; and more than three levels, 49%.


CONCLUSIONS
Significant improvement in quality of life can result from surgery for hyperhidrosis. However, the incidence of postoperative compensatory sweating may be dependent on the level of sympathicotomy performed. The choice of sympathicotomy level(s) should be directed toward reducing the incidence of significant compensatory sweating while simultaneously ensuring relief of primary preoperative symptoms.
Effect of an education programme for patients with osteoarthritis in primary care - a randomized controlled trial

BACKGROUND
Osteoarthritis (OA) is a degenerative disease, considered to be one of the major public health problems. Research suggests that patient education is feasible and valuable for achieving improvements in quality of life, in function, well-being and improved coping. Since 1994, Primary Health Care in Malmö has used a patient education programme directed towards OA. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of this education programme for patients with OA in primary health care in terms of self-efficacy, function and self-perceived health.


METHOD
The study was a single-blind, randomized controlled trial (RCT) in which the EuroQol-5D and Arthritis self-efficacy scale were used to measure self-perceived health and self-efficacy and function was measured with Grip Ability Test for the upper extremity and five different functional tests for the lower extremity.


RESULTS
We found differences between the intervention group and the control group, comparing the results at baseline and after 6 months in EuroQol-5D (p < 0.001) and in standing one leg eyes closed (p = 0.02) in favour of the intervention group. No other differences between the groups were found.


CONCLUSION
This study has shown that patient education for patients with osteoarthritis is feasible in a primary health care setting and can improve self-perceived health as well as function in some degree, but not self-efficacy. Further research to investigate the effect of exercise performance on function, as well as self-efficacy is warranted.


TRIAL REGISTRATION
The trial is registered with ClinicalTrials.gov.


REGISTRATION NUMBER
NCT00979914.
Targeting insulin resistance in type 2 diabetes via immune modulation of cord blood-derived multipotent stem cells (CB-SCs) in stem cell educator therapy: phase I/II clinical trial

BACKGROUND
The prevalence of type 2 diabetes (T2D) is increasing worldwide and creating a significant burden on health systems, highlighting the need for the development of innovative therapeutic approaches to overcome immune dysfunction, which is likely a key factor in the development of insulin resistance in T2D. It suggests that immune modulation may be a useful tool in treating the disease.


METHODS
In an open-label, phase 1/phase 2 study, patients (N=36) with long-standing T2D were divided into three groups (Group A, oral medications, n=18; Group B, oral medications+insulin injections, n=11; Group C having impaired β-cell function with oral medications+insulin injections, n=7). All patients received one treatment with the Stem Cell Educator therapy in which a patient's blood is circulated through a closed-loop system that separates mononuclear cells from the whole blood, briefly co-cultures them with adherent cord blood-derived multipotent stem cells (CB-SCs), and returns the educated autologous cells to the patient's circulation.


RESULTS
Clinical findings indicate that T2D patients achieve improved metabolic control and reduced inflammation markers after receiving Stem Cell Educator therapy. Median glycated hemoglobin (HbA1C) in Group A and B was significantly reduced from 8.61%±1.12 at baseline to 7.25%±0.58 at 12 weeks (P=2.62E-06), and 7.33%±1.02 at one year post-treatment (P=0.0002). Homeostasis model assessment (HOMA) of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) demonstrated that insulin sensitivity was improved post-treatment. Notably, the islet beta-cell function in Group C subjects was markedly recovered, as demonstrated by the restoration of C-peptide levels. Mechanistic studies revealed that Stem Cell Educator therapy reverses immune dysfunctions through immune modulation on monocytes and balancing Th1/Th2/Th3 cytokine production.


CONCLUSIONS
Clinical data from the current phase 1/phase 2 study demonstrate that Stem Cell Educator therapy is a safe approach that produces lasting improvement in metabolic control for individuals with moderate or severe T2D who receive a single treatment. In addition, this approach does not appear to have the safety and ethical concerns associated with conventional stem cell-based approaches.


TRIAL REGISTRATION
ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT01415726.
Effectiveness of Triamcinolone Hexacetonide Intraarticular Injection in Interphalangeal Joints: A 12-week Randomized Controlled Trial in Patients with Hand Osteoarthritis.

OBJECTIVE
To evaluate the effectiveness and tolerance of intraarticular injection (IAI) of triamcinolone hexacetonide (TH) for the treatment of osteoarthritis (OA) of hand interphalangeal (IP) joints.


METHODS
Sixty patients who underwent IAI at the most symptomatic IP joint were randomly assigned to receive TH/lidocaine (LD; n = 30) with TH 20 mg/ml and LD 2%, or just LD (n = 30). The injected joint was immobilized with a splint for 48 h in both groups. Patients were assessed at baseline and at 1, 4, 8, and 12 weeks by a blinded observer. The following variables were assessed: pain at rest [visual analog scale (VAS)r], pain at movement (VASm), swelling (physician VASs), goniometry, grip and pinch strength, hand function, treatment improvement, daily requirement of paracetamol, and local adverse effects. The proposed treatment (IAI with TH/LD) was successful if statistical improvement (p < 0.05) was achieved in at least 2 of 3 VAS. Repeated-measures ANOVA test was used to analyze intervention response.


RESULTS
Fifty-eight patients (96.67%) were women, and the mean age was 60.7 years (± 8.2). The TH/LD group showed greater improvement than the LD group for VASm (p = 0.014) and physician VASs (p = 0.022) from the first week until the end of the study. In other variables, there was no statistical difference between groups. No significant adverse effects were observed.


CONCLUSION
The IAI with TH/LD has been shown to be more effective than the IAI with LD for pain on movement and joint swelling in patients with OA of the IP joints. Regarding pain at rest, there was no difference between groups.


TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER
ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT02102620).
A Federal Higher Education iPad Mobile Learning Initiative: Triangulation of Data to Determine Early Effectiveness

This article presents faculty perceptions of the first month of iPad deployment in a national college system and a case study describing the integration of mobile learning devices in one college, interpreted within the framework of a SWOT analysis. We include a brief history of the implementation; description of the three-tier structure of infrastructure, pedagogy, and content; faculty perceptions; and pedagogy interview findings.We collected data using 1) case study interviews, 2) a faculty dispositional survey, and 3) iPad lead faculty. Overall, the large-scale deployment of iPad mobile learning devices was associated with high Innov High Educ (2014) 39:45–57 DOI 10.1007/s10755-013-9259-y Jace Hargis earned his undergraduate and graduate degrees in the chemical sciences from Florida Institute of Technology and the University of Florida, and he holds a Ph.D. from the University of Florida in Science Education. He is currently the College Director at the Higher Colleges of Technology (HCT) Abu Dhabi Women's College (ADWC) in Abu Dhabi, UAE. His research agenda addresses the theoretical aspects of how people learn with the use of emerging instructional technologies. He can be contacted at jace.hargis@ gmail.com. Cathy Cavanaugh has a B.A. in education from the University of the Virgin Islands, an M.Ed. from the University of Central Florida, and a Ph.D. in Curriculum and Instruction from the University of South Florida, specializing in distance education. She is currently the Associate Director at HCT ADWC. Her research, publications and awards focus on effective online and blended learning environments. Tayeb Kamali Deng obtained a B.S. in both Aircraft Engineering and Aeronautical Engineering followed by an M.B.A. with a concentration in Aviation from the Embry Riddle Aeronautical University. He then obtained his Doctorate in Engineering from George Washington University. He is currently the Vice Chancellor at HCT. Melissa Soto began her undergraduate degree in Education at the University of Florida and finished with a B.A. from the University of North Florida. Her graduate degree is in Mathematics Education from the University of Central Florida; and she is currently a doctoral candidate at the University of California, Davis, majoring in Mathematics Education. J. Hargis (*) : T. Kamali Higher Colleges of Technology, P.O. Box 41012, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates e-mail: jace.hargis@hct.ac.ae e-mail: kamali@hct.ac.ae C. Cavanaugh Abu Dhabi Women’s College, Higher Colleges of Technology, P.O. Box 41012, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates e-mail: cathy.cavanaugh@hct.ac.ae M. Soto University of California-Davis, 1 Shields Ave, Davis, CA 95616, USA e-mail: melissoto@gmail.com faculty engagement in formal and informal professional development activities and adoption of an active student-centered pedagogy. In addition, the program stimulated innovative approaches to technical challenges; and it spurred development and evaluation of new digital content.