LLukas22/scidocs huggingface dataset:
Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in urban soils of the megacity Shanghai: occurrence, source apportionment and potential human health risk.

A comprehensive investigation was conducted to the urban soil in the megacity Shanghai in order to assess the levels of PAHs and potential risks to human health, to identify and quantitatively assess source contributions to the soil PAHs. A total of 57 soil samples collected in main urban areas of Shanghai, China were analyzed for 26 PAHs including highly carcinogenic dibenzopyrene isomers. The total concentrations ranged from 133 to 8,650 ng g for ΣPAHs and 83.3 to 7,220 ng g for ΣPAHs, with mean values of 2420 and 1,970 ng g, respectively. DBalP and DBaeP may serve as markers for diesel vehicle emission, while DBahP is a probable marker of coke tar as distinct from diesel emissions. Six sources in Shanghai urban area were identified by PMF model; their relative contributions to the total soil PAH burden were 6% for petrogenic sources, 21% for coal combustion, 13% for biomass burning, 16% for creosote, 23% for coke tar related sources and 21% for vehicular emissions, respectively. The benzo[a]pyrene equivalent (BaP) concentrations ranged from 48.9-2,580 ng g for ΣPAHs, 7.02-869 ng g for ΣPAHs and 35.7-1,990 ng g for ΣDBPs. The BaP concentrations of ΣDBPs made up 72% of ΣPAHs. Nearly half of the soil samples showed concentrations above the safe BaP value of 600 ng g. Exposure to these soils through direct contact probably poses a significant risk to human health from carcinogenic effects of soil PAHs. The index of additive cancer risk (IACR) values in almost one third of urban soil samples were more than the safe value of 1.0, indicating these urban soil PAHs in the study area may pose a potential threat to potable groundwater water quality from leaching of carcinogenic PAH mixtures from soil.
Financial Incentives for Home-Based Health Monitoring: A Randomized Controlled Trial

Home wireless device monitoring could play an important role in improving the health of patients with poorly controlled chronic diseases, but daily engagement rates among these patients may be low. To test the effectiveness of two different magnitudes of financial incentives for improving adherence to remote-monitoring regimens among patients with poorly controlled diabetes. Randomized, controlled trial. (Clinicaltrials.gov Identifier: NCT01282957). Seventy-five patients with a hemoglobin A1c greater than or equal to 7.5 % recruited from a Primary Care Medical Home practice at the University of Pennsylvania Health System. Twelve weeks of daily home-monitoring of blood glucose, blood pressure, and weight (control group; n = 28); a lottery incentive with expected daily value of $2.80 (n = 26) for daily monitoring; and a lottery incentive with expected daily value of $1.40 (n = 21) for daily monitoring. Daily use of three home-monitoring devices during the three-month intervention (primary outcome) and during the three-month follow-up period and change in A1c over the intervention period (secondary outcomes). Incentive arm participants used devices on a higher proportion of days relative to control (81 % low incentive vs. 58 %, P = 0.007; 77 % high incentive vs. 58 %, P = 0.02) during the three-month intervention period. There was no difference in adherence between the two incentive arms (P = 0.58). When incentives were removed, adherence in the high incentive arm declined while remaining relatively high in the low incentive arm. In month 6, the low incentive arm had an adherence rate of 62 % compared to 35 % in the high incentive arm (P = 0.015) and 27 % in the control group (P = 0.002). A daily lottery incentive worth $1.40 per day improved monitoring rates relative to control and had significantly better efficacy once incentives were removed than a higher incentive.
Exploratory analysis of candidate germline gene polymorphisms in breast cancer patients treated with neoadjuvant anthracycline-containing chemotherapy and associations with febrile neutropenia.

AIM
SNPs may be associated with (side) effects of chemotherapy and may be useful as biomarkers to predict febrile neutropenia.


PATIENTS & METHODS
187 DNA samples extracted from formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tissue from patients with stage II/III HER2-negative breast cancer were genotyped.


RESULTS
Candidate SNPs were selected and explored for association with febrile neutropenia and/or pathological complete response. TT genotype of 388 C>T in FGFR4 (rs351855) had a tendency toward higher incidence of febrile neutropenia during neoadjuvant chemotherapy, compared with the CT (p = 0.383) genotype and compared with the CC genotype (p = 0.068).


CONCLUSION
The TT genotype of 388 C>T FGFR4 may be related to incidence of febrile neutropenia during neoadjuvant TAC (docetaxel, doxorubicin, cyclophosphamide) chemotherapy and is possibly useful as a patient-related risk factor when assessing febrile neutropenia risk. Original submitted 23 January 2015; Revision submitted 26 May 2015.
Evaluating Contextual Variables Affecting Productivity Using Data Envelopment Analysis

A DEA-based stochastic estimation framework is presented to evaluate contextual variables affecting productivity. Conditions are identified under which a two-stage procedure consisting of DEA followed by regression analysis yields consistent estimators of the impact of contextual variables. Conditions are also identified under which DEA in the first stage followed by maximum likelihood estimation in the second stage yields consistent estimators of the impact of contextual variables. Monte Carlo simulations are carried out to compare the performance of our two-stage approach with one-stage and two-stage parametric approaches. Simulation results suggest that DEA-based procedures perform as well as the best parametric method in the estimation of the impact of contextual variables on productivity. Simulation results also indicate that DEA-based procedures perform better than parametric methods in the estimation of individual decision making unit (DMU) productivity. (
Quantitative Domains and Infinitary Algebras

Abstract We describe a class of models of the lambda calculus that generalize and simplify the quantitative domains of Girard (1988). Their salient feature is that these domains “do not have enough points”, in the sense that a map of domains is not entirely determined by its value on the points, i.e. the morphisms from the terminal object of the category. We construct a universal domain whose structure is particularly simple, and describe some of the features of the untyped lambda calculus associated to it. Finally, we show how linear logic can be interpreted in these domains, and construct another category of domains that supports linear logic.
Significant improvement of left atrial and left atrial appendage function after catheter ablation for persistent atrial fibrillation.

BACKGROUND
The long-term effects of catheter ablation (CA) on the left atrium and left atrial appendage (LAA) are unknown in persistent atrial fibrillation (AF). This study investigated left atrial (LA) reverse remodeling and evolution of LA/LAA function after successful CA for persistent AF and identified predictors for maintenance of sinus rhythm (SR) and LA reverse remodeling.


METHODS AND RESULTS
CA was performed in 123 patients with persistent AF. LA volumes, LA strain and LAA wall velocity were assessed both at baseline and at 12 months after ablation. Patients who maintained SR were divided into 2 groups according to whether LA volume decreased by ≥15% at follow-up (responders) or not (non-responders). During a follow-up period of 18±2 months, AF recurred in 45 patients (37%). Of the remaining 78 patients (63%) without recurrent AF, 62 patients (79%) were classified as responders. LA/LAA function significantly improved and the prevalence of spontaneous echo contrast decreased only in responders at follow-up. LA systolic strain and LAA wall velocity were independent predictors of both maintenance of SR (odds ratio [OR], 2.57; P=0.003; OR, 3.02; P=0.002, respectively) and LA reverse remodeling (OR, 4.44; P=0.007; OR, 3.52; P=0.01, respectively).


CONCLUSIONS
Successful CA is associated with LA reverse remodeling and LA/LAA functional recovery in patients with persistent AF. LA systolic strain and LAA wall velocity at baseline predicted both maintenance of SR and LA reverse remodeling.
Hype and Dump Manipulation ∗

This paper introduces signaling in a standard market microstructure model so as to explore the economic circumstances under which hype and dump manipulation can be an equilibrium outcome. We consider a discrete time, multi-period model with stages of signaling and asset trading. A single informed trader contemplates whether or not to spread a (possibly dishonest) rumor on the asset payoff among uninformed traders. Dishonest rumor-mongering is costly due to regulatory enforcement, and the uninformed traders who access the rumor can besophisticatedor naive. The sophisticated traders correctly anticipate the relationship between the rumor and the asset payoff, whereas the naive ones take the rumor at its face value as if it truthfully reveals the asset payoff. The presence of sophisticated traders puts the informed trader off from rumor-mongering, because sophisticates fully infer the asset payoff from the rumor, reducing the informational rents enjoyed by the informed trader. Nevertheless we show that it can be optimal for an informed trader to create false hype among uninformed traders provided that there is at least one naive trader in the market and the cost of dishonest rumor-mongering is not too low. The false hype allows the informed trader to sell at an inflated price or buy at a deflated one. Intense regulatory enforcement, which makes dishonest rumor-mongering very costly, may not necessarily curb hype and dump schemes. Market depth and trading volume rise with “hype and dump” while market efficiency decreases. JEL Classification: G11, G14.
Macrophage activation syndrome in Kawasaki disease: more common than we thought?

OBJECTIVES
To analyze the clinical characteristics, treatment, and outcomes of Kawasaki Disease (KD) patients associated with macrophage activation syndrome (MAS) and to compare two diagnostic standards (the HLH 2009 and Ravelli׳s criteria).


METHODS
All of the studied patients with Kawasaki Disease (KD) were treated at The Children׳s Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, during 2007-2010. Clinical and laboratory findings were analyzed.


RESULTS
In 719 KD patients, eight patients (1.11%, 81.3 ± 49.4 months, all male) were diagnosed by Ravelli׳s criteria, but only three (0.42%) patients were diagnosed by the HLH 2009 criteria. Aspartate aminotransferase increased significantly in all cases. Alanine aminotransferase, lactate dehydrogenase, and serum ferritin increased significantly in seven cases. Cytopenia and hypertriglyceridemia (>1.5mmol/L) were found in six and five cases, respectively. Hypofibrinogenemia (<1.5g/L) was found in two cases. Three cases showed evidence of hemophagocytosis, but only one case met the HLH 2009 criteria. Ectasia of the coronary arteries occurred in two cases. Seven patients were non-responsive to IVIG. One case died after the combined application of DXM, VP16, and CSA.


CONCLUSIONS
MAS may be a frequently under-recognized complication of KD, because the understanding of complications and diagnostic criteria are still in progress. The HLH 2009 criteria have low sensitivity and specificity for the diagnosis of MAS complicating KD. When hepatosplenomegaly is present in KD patients with abnormal laboratory findings, such as cytopenia, liver dysfunction, hyperferritinemia, elevated serum LDH, hypofibrinogenemia, and hypertriglyceridemia, the presence of MAS should be considered.
Radiomorphometric indices and their relation to alveolar bone loss in completely edentulous Turkish patients: a retrospective study.

STATEMENT OF PROBLEM
In edentulous patients, alveolar bone loss is a critical factor that affects denture retention, stability, and masticatory function. In addition to their use for the assessment of bone quality, panoramic radiomorphometric indices have been used to observe signs of bone resorption. Currently, there is no published data on the possible relationships between bone loss, radiomorphometric indices, and edentulism.


PURPOSE
The purpose of this study was to investigate the influence of age and gender on the mandibular cortical index, panoramic mandibular index, and mandibular cortical width, as well as alveolar bone loss and bone height, using panoramic radiographs of patients having been edentulous for more than 2 years.


MATERIAL AND METHODS
Panoramic radiographs of 94 edentulous patients (41.5% men and 58.5% women) were assessed. In addition to gender and age, the mandibular cortical index (normal cortex, mild or severe erosions on endosteal margin of the mandible), panoramic mandibular index, mandibular cortical width at the mental foramen region, alveolar bone loss, and bone heights of the premolar and molar regions of the mandible were recorded. Statistical comparisons were performed using chi-square, Mann-Whitney U, Kruskal-Wallis, and 2-way ANOVA tests (alpha=.05).


RESULTS
Mild erosions on the endosteal margin of the mandible were more frequently seen in age groups of <or=60, and severe erosions on the endosteal margin of the mandible were more frequently observed in age groups of >60 in women (P<.001). While the mean values of the mandibular cortical width were stable as age increased in men, the mean mandibular cortical width values decreased significantly with age in women (P<.01). The panoramic mandibular index, alveolar bone loss, and bone heights were not affected by age or gender.


CONCLUSIONS
Severe erosions on the endosteal margin of the mandible are seen more frequently in women over 60 years in age. While mean mandibular cortical width values are stable in men over 60 years, mean mandibular cortical width values decrease significantly in women of the same age group.
Variability and genetic parameter analysis in aromatic rice.

Karim, D., Sarkar, U., Siddique, M.N.A., Khaleque Miah, M. A. and Hasnat, M. Z. 2007. Variability and Genetic Parameter Analysis in Aromatic Rice. Int. J. Sustain. Crop Prod. 2(5):15-18 An attempt was made to study variability and genetic parameter analysis in 41 aromatic rice genotypes. Significant variations observed, the phenotypic variance was higher than the corresponding genotypic variance for the characters. These differences were in case of number of panicles per hill, number of primary branches, number of filled grains per panicle, spikelet sterility (%) and grain yield per hill indicating greater influence on environment for expression of these characters.1000-grain weight and days to maturity showed least difference between phenotypic and genotypic variance, which indicated additive gene action for expression of the characters. Considering genetic parameters high genotypic coefficient of variation (GCV) value was observed for 1000-grain weight followed by spikelet sterility (%), grain yield per hill and number of filled grains per panicle, whereas days to maturity showed very low GCV. High heritability with high genetic advance in percent of mean (GAPM) was observed for 1000-grain weight followed by spikelet sterility (%) and number of filled grains per panicle indicated that these characters were under additive gene control and selection for improvement might be effective. Days to maturity showed high heritability but low genetic advance (GA) (%), which indicated that non additive gene effects were involved for phenotypic expression of this character.
Tenzing A SQL Implementation On The MapReduce Framework

Tenzing is a query engine built on top of MapReduce [9] for ad hoc analysis of Google data. Tenzing supports a mostly complete SQL implementation (with several extensions) combined with several key characteristics such as heterogeneity, high performance, scalability, reliability, metadata awareness, low latency, support for columnar storage and structured data, and easy extensibility. Tenzing is currently used internally at Google by 1000+ employees and serves 10000+ queries per day over 1.5 petabytes of compressed data. In this paper, we describe the architecture and implementation of Tenzing, and present benchmarks of typical analytical queries.
SEPALLATA3: the 'glue' for MADS box transcription factor complex formation

Plant MADS box proteins play important roles in a plethora of developmental processes. In order to regulate specific sets of target genes, MADS box proteins dimerize and are thought to assemble into multimeric complexes. In this study a large-scale yeast three-hybrid screen is utilized to provide insight into the higher-order complex formation capacity of the Arabidopsis MADS box family. SEPALLATA3 (SEP3) has been shown to mediate complex formation and, therefore, special attention is paid to this factor in this study. In total, 106 multimeric complexes were identified; in more than half of these at least one SEP protein was present. Besides the known complexes involved in determining floral organ identity, various complexes consisting of combinations of proteins known to play a role in floral organ identity specification, and flowering time determination were discovered. The capacity to form this latter type of complex suggests that homeotic factors play essential roles in down-regulation of the MADS box genes involved in floral timing in the flower via negative auto-regulatory loops. Furthermore, various novel complexes were identified that may be important for the direct regulation of the floral transition process. A subsequent detailed analysis of the APETALA3, PISTILLATA, and SEP3 proteins in living plant cells suggests the formation of a multimeric complex in vivo. Overall, these results provide strong indications that higher-order complex formation is a general and essential molecular mechanism for plant MADS box protein functioning and attribute a pivotal role to the SEP3 'glue' protein in mediating multimerization.
On the range maximum-sum segment query problem

The range minimum query problem, RMQ for short, is to preprocess a sequence of real numbers A[1 . . . n] for subsequent queries of the form: “Given indices i, j, what is the index of the minimum value of A[i . . . j ]?” This problem has been shown to be linearly equivalent to the LCA problem in which a tree is preprocessed for answering the lowest common ancestor of two nodes. It has also been shown that both the RMQ and LCA problems can be solved in linear preprocessing time and constant query time under the unit-cost RAM model. This paper studies a new query problem arising from the analysis of biological sequences. Specifically, we wish to answer queries of the form: “Given indices i and j, what is the maximum-sum segment of A[i . . . j ]?” We establish the linear equivalence relation between RMQ and this new problem. As a consequence, we can solve the new query problem in linear preprocessing time and constant query time under the unit-cost RAM model. We then present alternative linear-time solutions for two other biological sequence analysis problems to demonstrate the utilities of the techniques developed in this paper. © 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
A Survey of WPA and 802.11i RSN Authentication Protocols

In the new standards for WLAN security, many choices exist for the authentication process. In this paper, we list eight desired properties of WLAN authentication protocols, survey eight recent authentication protocols, and analyze the protocols according to the desired properties.
Body contouring by non-invasive transdermal focused ultrasound.

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES
The risks of currently available invasive procedures in body contouring motivate a need for safer, non-invasive technologies for improving the appearance of body silhouette. A new device has been developed that uses focused therapeutic ultrasound to reduce adipose tissue non-invasively. The aim of this study was to assess the efficacy and safety of a novel non-invasive focused ultrasound system (UltraShape Ltd, Tel Aviv, Israel) in reducing localized fat deposits to improve body contours.


STUDY DESIGN/PATIENTS AND METHODS
A prospective study was conducted on 30 healthy patients. All patients underwent three treatments, at 1-month intervals, and were followed for 1 month after the last treatment. Areas treated were the abdomen, inner and outer thighs, flanks, inner knees, and breasts (males only). No other body contouring procedure was used during the study. Efficacy was determined by change in fat thickness, assessed by ultrasound measurements, and by circumference measurements. Weight change was monitored to assess whether reduction in fat thickness or circumference was dependent on or independent of weight loss. Safety was determined by clinical findings, assays of serum triglycerides, and liver ultrasound evaluation for the presence of steatosis.


RESULTS
All patients showed significant reduction in subcutaneous fat thickness within the treated area. The mean reduction in fat thickness after three treatments was 2.28+/-0.80 cm. Circumference was reduced by a mean of 3.95+/-1.99 cm. Weight was unchanged during the treatment and follow-up period. No adverse effects were observed.


CONCLUSIONS
This study shows the efficacy and safety of focused ultrasound, using the UltraShape Contour I, as a non-invasive transdermal method for reducing unwanted fat deposits in the body. Multiple treatments combined with appropriate patient and treatment area selection can produce dramatic improvements in body contour.
Ockham’s Calculus of Strict Implication

In his main work Summa Logicae written around 1323, William of Ockham developed a system of propositional modal logic which contains almost all theorems of a modern calculus of strict implication. This calculus is formally reconstructed here with the help of modern symbols for the operators of conjunction, disjunction, implication, negation, possibility, and necessity.
Big Five personality factors , hardiness , and social judgment as predictors of leader performance *

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to evaluate the influence of psychological hardiness, social judgment, and “Big Five” personality dimensions on leader performance in U.S. military academy cadets at West Point. Design/methodology/approach – Army Cadets were studied in two different organizational contexts: (a)summer field training, and (b)during academic semesters. Leader performance was measured with leadership grades (supervisor ratings) aggregated over four years at West Point. Findings After controlling for general intellectual abilities, hierarchical regression results showed leader performance in the summer field training environment is predicted by Big Five Extraversion, and Hardiness, and a trend for Social Judgment. During the academic period context, leader performance is predicted by mental abilities, Big Five Conscientiousness, and Hardiness, with a trend for Social Judgment. Research limitations/implications Results confirm the importance of psychological hardiness, extraversion, and conscientiousness as factors influencing leader effectiveness, and suggest that social judgment aspects of emotional intelligence can also be important. These results also show that different Big Five personality factors may influence leadership in different organizational