LLukas22/scidocs huggingface dataset:
A 125-GHz Permittivity Sensor With Read-Out Circuit in a 250-nm SiGe BiCMOS Technology

<?Pub Dtl?>In this paper, an integrated dielectric sensor with a read-out circuit in an unmodified SiGe BiCMOS technology at 125 GHz is presented. The sensor consists of a 500-<formula formulatype="inline"><tex Notation="TeX">$\mu{\hbox {m}}$</tex></formula> shorted half-wave coplanar-waveguide transmission line in the uppermost metal layer of the silicon process, while the read-out is obtained by reflection coefficient measurement with an integrated reflectometer and a signal source. The reflectometer is verified with a circuit breakout including an integrated dummy sensor. The reflectometer is able to measure the phase of the reflection coefficient from 117 to 134 GHz with a resolution of 0.1<formula formulatype="inline"><tex Notation="TeX">$^{\circ}$</tex></formula> and a standard deviation of 0.082<formula formulatype="inline"><tex Notation="TeX">$^{\circ}$</tex> </formula>. The integrated sensor with the reflectometer circuit have been fabricated in a 190-GHz <formula formulatype="inline"><tex Notation="TeX">${ f}_{ T}$</tex></formula> SiGe:C BiCMOS technology. It spans an area of 1.4 <formula formulatype="inline"><tex Notation="TeX">${\hbox {mm}}^{2}$</tex></formula> and consumes 75 mA from a 3.3-V supply. The circuit has been assembled on a printed circuit board for characterization by immersion into test liquids. The sensor is controlled by a controller board and a personal computer enabling a measurement time of up to 1 ms per frequency point. Functionality of the sensor is demonstrated from 118 to 133 GHz with immersion of the sensor into different binary methanol–ethanol mixtures, showing good correlation between theory and measurement. The sensor shows a standard deviation of the measured phase of 0.220<formula formulatype="inline"> <tex Notation="TeX">$^{\circ}$</tex></formula> and is able to detect a difference in <formula formulatype="inline"><tex Notation="TeX">$\epsilon_{r}^{\prime}$</tex> </formula> of 0.0125.
Maps of Digital Desires : Exploring the Topography of Gender and Play in Online Games

In one corner of the game World of Warcraft, forty players have just gathered in Molten Core to begin their weekly raid. Every Friday night, these players spend five to ten hours working together to defeat the same series of increasingly difficult monsters. Tonight, a sixty-­year-­old female player is raiding with her granddaughter on her lap and the baby’s gurgles are heard over the VoIP chan-­ nel amid commands to “hold aggro dammit.” Over in the game Eve Online, infiltrators inside a leading corporation are moments away from assassinating the CEO and emptying the resource and equipment stores in a synchronized heist (Francis 2006). And in a small, undecorated room in the Chinese prov-­ ince of Fuzhou, four teenage boys are rushing to meet their daily quota of virtual gold while evading the systematic harassment from Western players who have branded them as “Chinese gold farmers.” These are a few glimpses of the structured and emergent play in the digital constructs known as massively multiplayer online role-­playing games (MMORPGs, or MMOs for short). In talking about gender and gaming, we often hear assumptions that men and women simply prefer different kinds of games. These assumptions echo a growing body of literature suggesting that our evolutionary past has engineered much of our current social behavior (e.g., Diamond 1998; Wright 1995), including why we play games (Steen and Owens 2001). These accounts also tend to propose hardwired biological differences stemming from different challenges for men and women in our evolutionary past (Low 2001). Indeed, game designer Chris Crawford (2005) explicitly argued that men and women prefer different kinds of video games because of how we lived in the Pleisto-­ cene savannas. These arguments lead us to believe that creating games for the “female brain” is the only sensible solution to attracting women to play video games; there is a particular set of “feminine” game mechanics that we simply haven’t found or perfected yet.
Mirtazapine augmentation in depressed patients with sexual dysfunction due to selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors.

OBJECTIVE
To evaluate the effect of mirtazapine augmentation in patients with sexual dysfunction induced by current selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) treatment.


METHODS
Forty-nine outpatients in remission from major depressive disorder with SSRI treatment and experiencing treatment-emergent sexual dysfunction were invited to participate and 33 (25 women and 8 men) were included in this 8-week open-label study. All patients continued her/his current SSRI treatment (dosages unchanged) and started on mirtazapine augmentation of 15 mg/day during the first week and 30 mg/day throughout the rest of the study. The Hamilton rating scale for depression (HAM-D), the psychotropic-related sexual dysfunction questionnaire (PRSexDQ), and the Golombok and Rust Inventory of Sexual Satisfaction (GRISS) were given to all patients at baseline and at each follow-up (end of the first, second, fourth, sixth, and eight weeks).


RESULTS
Mirtazapine augmentation led to significant reductions in HAM-D, PRSexDQ, and GRISS scores throughout the study especially after week 4 and 48.5% of patients (n = 16) reported that they had no overall sexual dysfunction at the end of the study.


CONCLUSIONS
Mirtazapine augmentation is a good choice for the treatment of SSRI-induced sexual dysfunction, and the results are typically seen later after 4-8 weeks.
Support Vector Machines and Area Under ROC curve

For many years now, there is a growing interest around ROC curve for characterizing machine learning performances. This is particularly due to the fact that in real-world problems misclassification costs are not known and thus, ROC curve and related metrics such as the Area Under ROC curve (AUC) can be a more meaningful performance measures. In this paper, we propose a SVMs based algorithm for AUC maximization and show that under certain conditions this algorithm is related to 2-norm soft margin Support Vector Machines. We present experiments that compare SVMs performances to those of other AUC maximization based algorithms and provide empirical analysis of SVMs behavior with regards to ROCbased metrics. Our main conclusion is that SVMs can maximize both AUC and accuracy. keywords : Support vector machines, quadratic programming, AUC, ROC curve.
Heavy metals in some Chinese herbal plants

The concentrations of nine heavy metals, cadmium, cobalt, copper, iron, manganese, nickel, lead, zinc and mercury in 42 Chinese herbal medicinal plants were determined. Generally, all the samples studied had, relative to the other trace metals, higher concentrations of iron, manganese, and zinc. The concentration range of the metals determined was comparable to that in many of the East Asian vegetables and fruits. A few samples were found to contain relatively higher concentrations of the toxic metals such as cadmium, lead, and mercury. This was probably caused by contamination during air-drying and preservation.
Violence and punishment : civilizing the body through time

Introduction: Violence and Punishment within Civilizing Processes page 1 PART ONE Violence 1 Long-Term Trends in Homicide: Amsterdam, Fifteenth Twentieth Centuries 19 2 Homicide and the Law in the Dutch Republic: A Peaceful Country? 39 3 Violence and Culture: Bloodshed in Two or Three Worlds 57 PART TWO Punishment and Social Control 4 Punishment, Power and History: Foucault and Elias 75 5 Monkey Butt s Mate: On Informal Social Control, Standards of Violence and Notions of Privacy 92 6 "The Green, Green Grass of Home:" Refl ections on Capital Punishment and the Penal System in Europe and America from a Long-Term Perspective 104 PART THREE Civilizing the Body in Human History 7 Elites and Etiquette: Changing Standards of Personal Conduct in the Netherlands until 1800 129 8 Civilizing Celebrations: An Exploration of the Festive Universe 151 9 The Body s End: Death and Paradise in Human History 163 Epilogue: A Personal Recollection of Norbert Elias and How I Became a Crime Historian 174 Notes 181 Archival Sources 200 Bibliography 201 Index 221
Why Do Restaurant Firms Initiate Dividends

ABSTRACT The U.S restaurant industry has experienced strong growth since 1970 (National Restaurant Association, n.d.). Publicly traded restaurant firms tend to initiate dividends soon after they go public, quite often even in the same year. This study tests hypotheses based upon four dividend initiation theories: signaling, life-cycle, agency costs and catering. The results reveal that only the signaling theory is significant. Since most restaurant firms initiate dividends at the growth stage, they tend to have little free cash flow, high investment opportunities, and low dividend premiums (which are less favorable to investors).
Accelerated maximum likelihood parameter estimation for stochastic biochemical systems

A prerequisite for the mechanistic simulation of a biochemical system is detailed knowledge of its kinetic parameters. Despite recent experimental advances, the estimation of unknown parameter values from observed data is still a bottleneck for obtaining accurate simulation results. Many methods exist for parameter estimation in deterministic biochemical systems; methods for discrete stochastic systems are less well developed. Given the probabilistic nature of stochastic biochemical models, a natural approach is to choose parameter values that maximize the probability of the observed data with respect to the unknown parameters, a.k.a. the maximum likelihood parameter estimates (MLEs). MLE computation for all but the simplest models requires the simulation of many system trajectories that are consistent with experimental data. For models with unknown parameters, this presents a computational challenge, as the generation of consistent trajectories can be an extremely rare occurrence. We have developed Monte Carlo Expectation-Maximization with Modified Cross-Entropy Method (MCEM2): an accelerated method for calculating MLEs that combines advances in rare event simulation with a computationally efficient version of the Monte Carlo expectation-maximization (MCEM) algorithm. Our method requires no prior knowledge regarding parameter values, and it automatically provides a multivariate parameter uncertainty estimate. We applied the method to five stochastic systems of increasing complexity, progressing from an analytically tractable pure-birth model to a computationally demanding model of yeast-polarization. Our results demonstrate that MCEM2 substantially accelerates MLE computation on all tested models when compared to a stand-alone version of MCEM. Additionally, we show how our method identifies parameter values for certain classes of models more accurately than two recently proposed computationally efficient methods. This work provides a novel, accelerated version of a likelihood-based parameter estimation method that can be readily applied to stochastic biochemical systems. In addition, our results suggest opportunities for added efficiency improvements that will further enhance our ability to mechanistically simulate biological processes.
Electrical Stimulation of the Suprahyoid Muscles in Brain-injured Patients with Dysphagia: A Pilot Study

OBJECTIVE
To investigate the therapeutic effects of repetitive electrical stimulation of the suprahyoid muscles in brain-injured patients with dysphagia.


METHOD
Twenty-eight brain-injured patients who showed reduced laryngeal elevation and supraglottic penetration or subglottic aspiration during a videofluoroscopic swallowing study (VFSS) were selected. The patients received either conventional dysphagia management (CDM) or CDM with repetitive electrical stimulation of the suprahyoid muscles (ESSM) for 4 weeks. The videofluoroscopic dysphagia scale (VDS) using the VFSS and American Speech-Language-Hearing Association National Outcome Measurement System (ASHA NOMS) swallowing scale (ASHA level) was used to determine swallowing function before and after treatment.


RESULTS
VDS scores decreased from 29.8 to 17.9 in the ESSM group, and from 29.2 to 16.6 in the CDM group. However, there was no significant difference between the groups (p=0.796). Six patients (85.7%) in the ESSM group and 14 patients (66.7%) in the CDM group showed improvement according to the ASHA level with no significant difference between the ESSM and CDM groups (p=0.633).


CONCLUSION
Although repetitive neuromuscular electrical stimulation of the suprahyoid muscles did not further improve the swallowing function of dysphagia patients with reduced laryngeal elevation, more patients in the ESSM group showed improvement in the ASHA level than those in the CDM group. Further studies with concurrent controls and a larger sample group are required to fully establish the effects of repetitive neuromuscular electrical stimulation of the suprahyoid muscles in dysphagia patients.
Wideband Microstrip Bandpass Filter Based on Quadruple Mode Ring Resonator

A novel wideband microstrip band-pass filter is presented in this letter based on a quadruple-mode ring resonator, which is developed by introducing a stepped-impedance one-wavelength ring resonator (SORR) into a stepped-impedance half-wavelength resonator (SHR). In order to suppress the harmonic responses of the filter for a wide stop-band, two band-stop sections with asymmetrical -type structure are introduced. A prototype filter having 49.3% of 1 dB and 57.9% of 3 dB fractional bandwidth is fabricated with advantages of high selectivity and high out-of-band rejection. In the pass-band, the return loss is larger than 18.8 dB and at the centre frequency insertion loss is 0.6 dB. The experiments are in good agreement with the simulations.
Randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled dose-ranging study of tirofiban (MK-383) platelet IIb/IIIa blockade in high risk patients undergoing coronary angioplasty.

OBJECTIVES
The objectives of this double-blind, placebo-controlled, randomized dose-ranging study were 1) to examine the safety and tolerability of tirofiban (MK-383), a new nonpeptide platelet IIb/IIIa receptor antagonist, on a background of intravenous heparin and aspirin therapy; 2) to study the pharmacodynamics and pharmacokinetics of tirofiban; and 3) to evaluate the incidence of adverse cardiac outcomes (urgent repeat revascularization, myocardial infarction and death) with tirofiban versus placebo in a high risk subset of patients undergoing coronary angioplasty.


BACKGROUND
Abrupt vessel closure complicates 4% to 8% of angioplasty procedures. Recent data have suggested that agents that antagonize the platelet glycoprotein IIb/IIIa receptor may reduce the incidence of adverse ischemic outcomes after coronary angioplasty.


METHODS
Seventy-three patients received tirofiban in three sequential dose panels and 20 patients received placebo. Patients within each panel were randomized to receive either tirofiban or placebo in a 3:1 randomization design. Bolus doses of 5, 10 and 10 microg/kg and continuous infusion (16 to 24 h) doses of 0.05, 0.10 and 0.15 microg/kg per min were administered in panels I, II and III, respectively. Patients received concomitant heparin and aspirin for the angioplasty procedure. Data on patients receiving placebo (heparin and aspirin only) were pooled across panels for comparisons. The pharmacodynamic effect of tirofiban on ex vivo platelet aggregation to 5 micromol/liter adenosine diphosphate (ADP) and bleeding times were measured. Clinical outcomes were assessed in all patients, but the power to detect clinically meaningful differences (a one-third reduction in clinical events) between groups was limited (5%).


RESULTS
Tirofiban was associated with a dose-dependent inhibition of ex vivo ADP-mediated platelet aggregation that was sustained during intravenous infusion and resolved rapidly after drug cessation. Adverse bleeding events, largely related to vascular access site hemorrhage, were slightly increased at the highest dose. Adverse clinical outcomes were infrequent in all patients and were not different among the small number of patients within each group.


CONCLUSIONS
This study establishes a rational and generally well tolerated dosing regimen for administration of tirofiban as adjunctive therapy in high risk angioplasty patients. The impact of tirofiban on adverse clinical outcomes after angioplasty awaits definition by a larger clinical trial.
Computing persistent homology

We study the homology of a filtered d-dimensional simplicial complex K as a single algebraic entity and establish a correspondence that provides a simple description over fields. Our analysis enables us to derive a natural algorithm for computing persistent homology over an arbitrary field in any dimension. Our study also implies the lack of a simple classification over non-fields. Instead, we give an algorithm for computing individual persistent homology groups over an arbitrary PIDs in any dimension.
Stacked deep inferior epigastric perforator flap breast reconstruction: a review of 110 flaps in 55 cases over 3 years.

BACKGROUND
Breast reconstruction continues to evolve. The deep inferior epigastric perforator (DIEP) flap is a well-described means of providing natural tissue reconstruction with an attendant goal of minimizing damage in the abdominal donor site.


METHODS
For patients with the need for autogenous reconstruction of a single breast and insufficient abdominal fatty volume for routine DIEP flap reconstruction, the authors present an option that allows for incorporation of the entire abdominal fatty composite with sequential linkage and stacked inset of two individual abdominal flaps. The ability to take advantage of the entirety of the abdominal donor volume allows those with a relatively thin body habitus to enjoy candidacy for DIEP flap reconstruction. This sophisticated microsurgical procedure overcomes some of the limitations of other techniques with similar goals such as the bipedicled transverse rectus abdominis musculocutaneous flap by avoiding muscle sacrifice and allowing precise, independent flap inset. The authors describe their experience with this technique in 55 patients with 110 flaps over 3 years.


RESULTS
The authors' experience reviews the use of the stacked DIEP flap in a large number of patients with high success rates and superb aesthetic outcomes over a relatively short period of time. Of the 55 patients who underwent reconstruction, all enjoyed successful outcomes. Patient satisfaction was high in the studied population.


CONCLUSION
Stacked DIEP free flap breast reconstruction is a reproducible, safe, and innovative yet technically demanding solution for patients seeking autogenous breast reconstruction with otherwise inadequate abdominal fatty volume.
Reliable Event-Detection in Wireless Visual Sensor Networks Through Scalar Collaboration and Game-Theoretic Consideration

In this work we consider an event-driven wireless visual sensor network (WVSN) comprised of untethered camera nodes and scalar sensors deployed in a hostile environment. In the event-driven paradigm, each camera node transmits a surveillance frame to the cluster-head only if an event of interest was captured in the frame, for energy and bandwidth conservation. We thus examine a simple image processing algorithm at the camera nodes based on difference frames and the chi-squared detector. We show that the test statistic of the chi-squared detector is equivalent to that of a robust (non-parametric) detector and that this simple algorithm performs well on indoor surveillance sequences and some, but not all, outdoor sequences. In outdoor sequences containing significant changes in background and lighting, this simple detector may produce a high probability of error and benefits from the inclusion of scalar sensor decisions. The scalar sensor decisions are, however, prone to attack and may exhibit errors that are arbitrarily frequent, pervasive throughout the network and difficult to predict. To achieve attack prediction and mitigation given an attacker whose actions are not known a priori, we employ game-theoretic analysis. We show that the scalar sensor error can be controlled through cluster-head checking and appropriate selection of cluster size n. Given this attack mitigation, we employ real-life sequences to determine the total probability of error when individual and combined decisions are utilized and we discuss the ensuing ramifications and performance issues.
Qualitative Methods Used in the Assessment of Engineering Education

This article clarifies key concepts that undergird qualitative research, which is being used increasingly as engineering educators improve classrooms, programs, and institutions. The paper compares quantitative and qualitative research, describes some qualitative data collection strategies used in engineering education, addresses methods for establishing trustworthiness, and discusses strategies for analyzing qualitative data. Also included are illustrative examples of recent engineering education research that features qualitative data analysis and mixed-method (quantitative and qualitative) approaches.
HyperFlex: Demonstrating control-plane isolation for virtual software-defined networks

We present a demonstration of HyperFlex [1], a Software-Defined Networking (SDN) virtualization architecture with flexible hypervisor function allocation guaranteeing control-plane virtualization. Network Virtualization (NV) is expected to overcome the ossification of today's communication networks. SDN is seen as an enabler for programmable network control. In order to fully virtualize software-defined networks, not only the virtualization of the data-plane, but also the virtualization of the control-plane has to be considered. HyperFlex is a virtualization hypervisor that ensures isolated control-plane slices for virtual SDN networks. Control-plane isolation also protects the hypervisor resources from exhaustion. Furthermore, virtualization hypervisors have to be scalable and flexible in order to provide the best possible performance for the virtual software-defined networks. They should be able to adapt to the current state of the network and the divergent demands of virtual SDN networks. HyperFlex distributes the hypervisor functions flexibly and dynamically in order to adapt to the current network state.
Land tenure and REDD+: The good, the bad and the ugly

A number of international donors, national governments and project proponents have begun to lay the groundwork for REDD+, but tenure insecurity – including the potential risks of land grabbing by outsiders and loss of local user rights to forests and forest land – is one of the main reasons that many indigenous and other local peoples have publicly opposed it. Under what conditions is REDD+ a threat to local rights, and under what conditions does it present an opportunity? This article explores these issues based on available data from a global comparative study on REDD+, led by the Center for International Forestry Research, which is studying national policies and processes in 12 countries and 23 REDD+ projects in 6 countries. The article analyses how tenure concerns are being addressed at both national and project level in emerging REDD+ programs. The findings suggest that in most cases REDD+ has clearly provided some new opportunities for securing local tenure rights, but that piecemeal interventions by project proponents at the local level are insufficient in the absence of broader, national programs for land tenure reform. The potential for substantial changes in the status quo appear unlikely, though Brazil – the only one with such a national land tenure reform program – offers useful insights. Land tenure reform – the recognition of customary rights in particular – and a serious commitment to REDD+ both challenge the deep-rooted economic and political interests of ‘business as usual’. 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.