LLukas22/scidocs huggingface dataset:
An Italian population study on 600 persons in vegetative state and minimally conscious state.

OBJECTIVE
To describes socio-demographic and clinical features of adults and children in vegetative state (VS) and minimally conscious state (MCS).


DESIGN
Observational cross-sectional study.


METHODS
Demographic, aetiological and clinical data were collected, together with patients' management procedures. Mann-Whitney U-test was used for continuous variables and chi-squared test for categorical variables.


RESULTS
Six hundred patients (69.7% in VS; 6% children) were enrolled. No difference regarding age at enrolment, age at acute event and disease duration was observed between VS and MCS. Disease duration was superior to 10 years for 3.3% of the whole sample and 64.3-77% of cases had a non-traumatic aetiology. Mean number of drugs per adult patient was four and decreased consistently with increased disease duration.


DISCUSSION
Patients with VS and MCS were similar for age at acute event and at enrolment, both over 50 years, as well as for the frequency of non-traumatic aetiology. Disease duration was similar for both conditions and 2.6% of VS and 4.8% of MCS patients survived for more than 10 years. Finally care and treatment needs are similar and not related to diagnosis.
Evidence of an eye movement-based memory effect in congenital prosopagnosia

While extensive work has examined the role of covert recognition in acquired prosopagnosia, little attention has been directed to this process in the congenital form of the disorder. Indeed, evidence of covert recognition has only been demonstrated in one congenital case in which autonomic measures provided evidence of recognition (Jones and Tranel, 2001), whereas two investigations using behavioural indicators failed to demonstrate the effect (de Haan and Campbell, 1991; Bentin et al., 1999). In this paper, we use a behavioural indicator, an "eye movement-based memory effect" (Althoff and Cohen, 1999), to provide evidence of covert recognition in congenital prosopagnosia. In an initial experiment, we examined viewing strategies elicited to famous and novel faces in control participants, and found fewer fixations and reduced regional sampling for famous compared to novel faces. In a second experiment, we examined the same processes in a patient with congenital prosopagnosia (AA), and found some evidence of an eye movement-based memory effect regardless of his recognition accuracy. Finally, we examined whether a difference in scanning strategy was evident for those famous faces AA failed to explicitly recognise, and again found evidence of reduced sampling for famous faces. We use these findings to (a) provide evidence of intact structural representations in a case of congenital prosopagnosia, and (b) to suggest that covert recognition can be demonstrated using behavioural indicators in this disorder.
Big Data for Open Digital Innovation - A Research Roadmap

Article history: Received 29 August 2014 Accepted 4 January 2015 Available online xxxx
Charts of fetal size: limb bones.

OBJECTIVE
To construct new size charts for all fetal limb bones.


DESIGN
A prospective, cross sectional study.


SETTING
Ultrasound department of a large hospital.


SAMPLE
663 fetuses scanned once only for the purpose of the study at gestations between 12 and 42 weeks.


METHODS
Centiles were estimated by combining separate regression models fitted to the mean and standard deviation, assuming that the measurements have a normal distribution at each gestational age.


MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES
Determination of fetal limb lengths from 12 to 42 weeks of gestation.


RESULTS
Size charts for fetal bones (radius, ulna, humerus, tibia, fibula, femur and foot) are presented and compared with previously published data.


CONCLUSIONS
We present new size charts for fetal limb bones which take into consideration the increasing variability with gestational age. We have compared these charts with other published data; the differences seen may be largely due to methodological differences. As standards for fetal head and abdominal measurements have been published from the same population, we suggest that the use of the new charts may facilitate prenatal diagnosis of skeletal dysplasias.
A sensitive and rapid ultra HPLC-MS/MS method for the simultaneous detection of clopidogrel and its derivatized active thiol metabolite in human plasma.

A sensitive, selective, and rapid ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (uHPLC-MS/MS) was developed for the simultaneous quantification of clopidogrel (Plavix(®)) and its derivatized active metabolite (CAMD) in human plasma. Derivatization of the active metabolite in blood with 2-bromo-3'-methoxy acetophenone (MPB) immediately after collection ensured metabolite stability during sample handling and storage. Following addition of ticlopidine as an internal standard and simple protein precipitation, the analytes were separated on a Waters Acquity UPLC™ sub-2 μm-C(18) column via gradient elution before detection on a triple-quadrupole MS with multiple-reaction-monitoring via electrospray ionization. The method was validated across the clinically relevant concentration range of 0.01-50 ng/mL for parent clopidogrel and 0.1-150 ng/mL (r(2)=0.99) for CAMD, with a fast run time of 1.5 min to support pharmacokinetic studies using 75, 150, or 300 mg oral doses of clopidogrel. The analytical method measured concentrations of clopidogrel and CAMD with accuracy (%DEV) <±12% and precision (%CV) of <±6%. The method was successfully applied to measure the plasma concentrations of clopidogrel and CAMD in three subjects administered single oral doses of 75, 150, and 300 mg clopidogrel. It was further demonstrated that the derivatizing agent (MPB) does not affect clopidogrel levels, thus from one aliquot of blood drawn clinically, this method can simultaneously quantify both clopidogrel and CAMD with sensitivity in the picogram per mL range.
StickEar: making everyday objects respond to sound

This paper presents StickEar, a system consisting of a network of distributed 'Sticker-like' sound-based sensor nodes to propose a means of enabling sound-based interactions on everyday objects. StickEar encapsulates wireless sensor network technology into a form factor that is intuitive to reuse and redeploy. Each StickEar sensor node consists of a miniature sized microphone and speaker to provide sound-based input/output capabilities. We provide a discussion of interaction design space and hardware design space of StickEar that cuts across domains such as remote sound monitoring, remote triggering of sound, autonomous response to sound events, and controlling of digital devices using sound. We implemented three applications to demonstrate the unique interaction capabilities of StickEar.
Understanding the bias of call detail records in human mobility research

In recent years, call detail records (CDRs) have been widely used in human mobility research. Although CDRs are originally collected for billing purposes, the vast amount of digital footprints generated by calling and texting activities provide useful insights into population movement. However, can we fully trust CDRs given the uneven distribution of people’s phone communication activities in space and time? In this article, we investigate this issue using a mobile phone location dataset collected from over one million subscribers in Shanghai, China. It includes CDRs (~27%) plus other cellphone-related logs (e.g., tower pings, cellular handovers) generated in a workday. We extract all CDRs into a separate dataset in order to compare human mobility patterns derived from CDRs vs. from the complete dataset. From an individual perspective, the effectiveness of CDRs in estimating three frequently used mobility indicators is evaluated. We find that CDRs tend to underestimate the total travel distance and the movement entropy, while they can provide a good estimate to the radius of gyration. In addition, we observe that the level of deviation is related to the ratio of CDRs in an individual’s trajectory. From a collective perspective, we compare the outcomes of these two datasets in terms of the distance decay effect and urban community detection. The major differences are closely related to the habit of mobile phone usage in space and time. We believe that the event-triggered nature of CDRs does introduce a certain degree of bias in human mobility research and we suggest that researchers use caution to interpret results derived from CDR data. ARTICLE HISTORY Received 21 July 2015 Accepted 21 December 2015
CLUMPP: a cluster matching and permutation program for dealing with label switching and multimodality in analysis of population structure

MOTIVATION
Clustering of individuals into populations on the basis of multilocus genotypes is informative in a variety of settings. In population-genetic clustering algorithms, such as BAPS, STRUCTURE and TESS, individual multilocus genotypes are partitioned over a set of clusters, often using unsupervised approaches that involve stochastic simulation. As a result, replicate cluster analyses of the same data may produce several distinct solutions for estimated cluster membership coefficients, even though the same initial conditions were used. Major differences among clustering solutions have two main sources: (1) 'label switching' of clusters across replicates, caused by the arbitrary way in which clusters in an unsupervised analysis are labeled, and (2) 'genuine multimodality,' truly distinct solutions across replicates.


RESULTS
To facilitate the interpretation of population-genetic clustering results, we describe three algorithms for aligning multiple replicate analyses of the same data set. We have implemented these algorithms in the computer program CLUMPP (CLUster Matching and Permutation Program). We illustrate the use of CLUMPP by aligning the cluster membership coefficients from 100 replicate cluster analyses of 600 chickens from 20 different breeds.


AVAILABILITY
CLUMPP is freely available at http://rosenberglab.bioinformatics.med.umich.edu/clumpp.html.
Modeling and simulation of photovoltaic panel based on artificial neural networks and VHDL-language

The number of electronic applications using artificial neural network-based (ANN) solutions has increased considerably in the last few years. However, the ANN- application in photovoltaic systems is very limited. This paper introduces the preliminary result of the modeling and simulation of photovoltaic panel based on ANN and VHDL-language. In fact, an experimental database of meteorological data (irradiation, temperature) and output electrical generation signals of the PV-panel (current and voltage) has been used in this study. The inputs of the ANN-PV-panel are the daily total irradiation and mean average temperature while the outputs are the current and voltage generated from the panel. Firstly, a dataset of 4 x 364 have been used for training the network and then one year is used for testing the ANN model. Subsequently, the neural network (MLP) corresponding to PV-panel is implemented using VHDL language based on the saved weights and bias of the network. Simulation results of the trained MLP-PV panel based on Matlab and VHDL are presented. The proposed PV-panel model based ANN and VHDL permit to evaluate the performance PV-panel using only the environmental factors and involves less computational efforts, and it can be used for predicting the output electrical energy from the PV-panel.
Three novel mutations of the APC gene in Korean patients with familial adenomatous polyposis.

Germline mutations within the adenomatous polyposis coli (APC) gene are associated with familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP), an autosomal dominant disease predisposing individuals to colorectal cancer. Identification of APC mutations has important implications for genetic counseling and management of FAP patients. We examined the APC mutation status of 10 Korean FAP patients by polymerase chain reaction-direct sequencing method and found six APC mutations, including three novel mutations. Testing for MUTYH mutation was done for FAP patients in whom no mutation in the APC gene was identified. Three novel mutations (c.1654_1663delTCTTGGCGAG, c.3709C>T, and c.6092_6094delinsTT) and three previously reported mutations (c.3631_3632delAT, c.4438C>T, and c.4612_4613delGA) were detected. The MUTYH mutation was not detected in any of the four FAP patients without an APC mutation. This finding of three novel mutations in a group of Korean FAP patients broadens the spectrum of APC mutations.
TIGER: Knowledge Based Gas Turbine Condition Monitoring

Given the critical nature of gas turbines in most industrial plants, their availability is of prime importance. Associated maintenance costs can also be extremely high and hence, it is a high priority to find ways of reducing maintenance costs and increasing the availability of the gas turbine. Routine preventative maintenance techniques have been used for many years to minimise major problems by routinely checking and taking care of small problems. This has produced some good results, but it is desirable to do even better.
Optimal scheduling of thermal-wind-solar power system with storage

4 The incorporation of renewable energy resources (RERs) into electrical grid is very chal5 lenging problem due to their intermittent nature. This paper solves an optimal scheduling 6 problem considering the hybrid generation system. The primary components of hybrid 7 power system include conventional thermal generators, wind farms and solar photovoltaic 8 (PV) modules with batteries. The main critical problem in operating the wind farm or 9 solar PV plant is that these RERs cannot be scheduled in the same manner as conventional 10 generators, because they involve climate factors such as wind velocity and solar irradia11 tion. This paper proposes a new strategy for the optimal scheduling problem taking into 12 account the impact of uncertainties in wind, solar PV and load demand forecasts. The 13 simulation results for IEEE 30 and 300 bus test systems with Genetic Algorithm (GA) and 14 Two-Point Estimate Method (2PEM) have been obtained to test the effectiveness of the 15 proposed optimal scheduling strategy. Results for sample systems with GA and two-point 16 estimate based optimal power flow, and GA and Monte Carlo Simulation (MCS) have been 17 obtained to ascertain the effectiveness of proposed method. Some of the results are also 18 compared with the Interior Point method. From the simulation studies, it can be observed 19 that with a marginal increase in the cost of day-ahead generation schedule, a substantial 20 reduction in real time mean adjustment cost is obtained. 21
Screening in New Credit Markets : Can Individual Lenders Infer Borrower Creditworthiness in Peer-to-Peer Lending ?

The current banking crisis highlights the challenges faced in the traditional lending model, particularly in terms of screening smaller borrowers. The recent growth in online peer-to-peer lending marketplaces offers opportunities to examine different lending models that rely on screening by multiple peers. This paper evaluates the screening ability of lenders in such peer-topeer markets. Our methodology takes advantage of the fact that lenders do not observe a borrower’s true credit score but only see an aggregate credit category. We find that lenders are able to use available information to infer a third of the variation in creditworthiness that is captured by a borrower’s credit score. This inference is economically significant and allows lenders to lend at a 140-basis-points lower rate for borrowers with (unobserved to lenders) better credit scores within a credit category. While lenders infer the most from standard banking “hard” information, they also use non-standard (subjective) information. Our methodology shows, without needing to code subjective information that lenders learn even from such “softer” information, particularly when it is likely to provide credible signals regarding borrower creditworthiness. Our findings highlight the screening ability of peer-to-peer markets and suggest that these emerging markets may provide a viable complement to traditional lending markets, especially for smaller borrowers. JEL codes: D53, D8, G21, L81
Modeling, design, and fabrication of ultra-high bandwidth 3D Glass Photonics (3DGP) in glass interposers

This paper presents, for the first time, the 3D Glass Photonics (3DGP) technology being developed by Georgia Tech, based on ultra-thin 3D glass interposer [1]. The 3DGP system integrates both optical and electrical interconnects in the same glass substrate using photo-sensitive polymer core, and polymer cladding within an ultra-thin glass substrate. The 3DGP processes are demonstrated using 180 & 100 um thick glass substrates with 30 um diameter via and 8 um wide waveguide structures. The optical vias are used as mode transformer and high-tolerance coupler between fibers and chips. Finite-difference analysis is performed to determine the alignment tolerances of such vias.
Randomized controlled trial to evaluate screening and brief intervention for drug-using multiethnic emergency and trauma department patients

BACKGROUND
Screening and brief intervention (SBI) is a comprehensive, integrated public health approach to identify and deliver a spectrum of early detection and intervention services for substance use in general medical care settings. Although the SBI approach has shown promise for alcohol use, relatively little is known about its effectiveness for illicit drug use. We are evaluating the SBI approach for drug use using a rigorous randomized controlled trial. The purpose of the report is to describe the overall trial and its programmatic and methodological strengths with a focus on health educator (HE) selection and training. In addition, the baseline characteristics of the recently enrolled multiethnic cohort are described.


METHODS/DESIGN
A randomized two-group repeated measures design is being used in which drug-related outcomes of an intervention group will be compared with those of an attention-placebo control group. Selection of bicultural paraprofessional HEs-their training in research concepts, comorbid mental health issues, special treatment of marijuana use, and nonscripted enhanced motivational interviewing as well as their ongoing monitoring and evaluation-are among the features described. The HEs enrolled, consented, and conducted an intervention among 700 illicit drug users in two large hospital emergency departments/trauma units. To be eligible, a participant needed to be an adult (age ≥18 years), an English or Spanish speaker, awake and able to give consent, and reachable by telephone to schedule a six-month follow-up interview.


DISCUSSION
A comprehensive HE training protocol combined with rigorous, ongoing process measurement resulted in skill mastery in many areas and a successful participant recruitment period. Strengths and limitations of the study protocol are discussed as well as the characteristics of those recruited. This trial will be among the first to provide information about the effectiveness of SBI for illicit drug use. Outcome analysis has not yet been completed, but demonstrated programming and design successes have implications for future research and service delivery.


TRIAL REGISTRATION
http://NCT01683227.
Spectral lines: Motivating engineers

Engineers and scientists are driven by incentives that are quite different from those that motivate others-salesmen, for example. Yet engineers are hardly cast from a single mold. Maccoby categorized us as four principal types: craftsmen, company men, gamesmen, and jungle fighters.1
Chromirror: a real-time interactive mirror for chromatic and color-harmonic dressing

This study presents the "ChroMirror" system, a digital mirror imaging system which helps users select appropriate clothing color combinations. By digitally rendering a mirror image of the user wearing clothing in different color-harmonic combinations, this system enables users to easily and playfully explore a wide variety of chromatic and color-harmonic clothing combinations (i.e., without having to physically change clothing). A long-term goal of the ChroMirror system is to encourage users to experiment with colorful and color-harmonic clothes.
Sorption properties of hydrophobically modified poly(acrylic acids) as natural organic matter model substances to pyrene

Abstract Amphiphilic natural organic matter (NOM) in soil, water and sediments plays an important role in the fate of low-soluble hydrophobic organic compounds (HOC) in the environment. Scaling NOM structural factors, which affect the transport and immobilization of HOC, is rather involved due to the complexity of the NOM materials. Sorption properties of hydrophobically modified polyacrylic (HMPA) polymers as NOM model substances for pyrene were investigated and discussed with regard to reported NOM results. Emission fluorescence spectroscopic properties of pyrene and potentiometric titrations were used to characterize the hydrophobic and acidic properties of HMPA samples. Excitation fluorescence spectroscopy allowed a speciation of pyrene molecules. Overall complexation constants β 1 and β 2 of pyrene with hydrophobic moieties (–C 8 H 17 ) and (–C 16 H 33 ) were calculated depending on the pH and electrolyte cation nature at an ionic strength of 10 mM, typical of soil solution conditions. Aggregation of HMPA molecules was detected by photon correlation spectroscopy. Normalized sorption constant K oc values for pyrene with HMPA samples similar to reported values with NOM support recent observations on the contribution of aliphatic moieties to the binding of polyaromatic hydrocarbons (PAH). The HMPA samples also model the partitioning behavior of hydrophobic micelle-like structures of NOM.
A Lightweight Component Caching Scheme for Satisfiability Solvers

We introduce in this paper a lightweight technique for reducing work repetition caused by non–chronological backtracking commonly practiced by DPLL–based SAT solvers. The presented technique can be viewed as a partial component caching scheme. Empirical evaluation of the technique reveals significant improvements on a broad range of in-
DENIM: An Informal Web Site Design Tool Inspired by Observations of Practice

Through a study of Web site design practice, we observed that designers employ multiple representations of Web sites as they progress through the design process and that these representations allow them to focus on different aspects of the design. In particular, we observed that Web site designers focus their design efforts at 3 difHUMAN-COMPUTER INTERACTION, 2003, Volume 18, pp. 259–324 Copyright © 2003, Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Inc. Mark Newman is a computer scientist with interests in human–computer interaction and ubiquitous computing; he is a researcher in the Computer Science Lab of the Palo Alto Research Center. James Lin is a computer scientist with interests in human–computer interaction and end-user programming; he is a graduate student in the Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences Department of the University of California at Berkeley. Jason Hong is a computer scientist with interests in human–computer interaction and ubiquitous computing; he is a graduate student in the Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences Department of the University of California at Berkeley. James Landay is a computer scientist with interests in human–computer interaction, design and evaluation tools, end-user programming, and ubiquitous computing; he is an Associate Professor in the Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences Department of the University of California at Berkeley. 260 NEWMAN, LIN, HONG, LANDAY