LLukas22/scidocs huggingface dataset:
Role of Small-Business Strategic Alliances in the Perception of Benefits and Disadvantages of E-Commerce Adoption in SMEs

Despite the proclaimed advantages of small-business strategic alliances, little research has been carried out to determine whether these structures promote the benefits and/or “cushion” the disadvantages arising from ecommerce adoption for member businesses. There has also been a lack of research into comparing e-commerce use in those small businesses that are members of a strategic alliance to those that have opted to remain outside such arrangements. This chapter aims to correct the situation by presenting IDEA GROUP PUBLISHING This chapter appears in the book, Advanced Topics in Electronic Commerce, vol. 1 edited by Mehdi Khosrow-Pour © 2005, Idea Group Inc. 701 E. Chocolate Avenue, Suite 200, Hershey PA 17033-1240, USA Tel: 717/533-8845; Fax 717/533-8661; URL-http://www.idea-group.com ITB11310
Bridging the gender gap: Insights from a contemporary analysis of sex-related differences in the treatment and outcomes of patients with acute coronary syndromes.

BACKGROUND
The question of whether gender-related disparities still exist in the treatment and outcomes of patients presenting with acute coronary syndromes (ACS) remains controversial. Using data from 4 registries spanning a decade, we sought to determine whether sex-related differences have persisted over time and to examine the treating physician's rationale for adopting a conservative management strategy in women compared with men.


METHODS
From 1999 to 2008, 14,196 Canadian patients with non-ST-segment elevation ACS were recruited into the Acute Coronary Syndrome I (ACSI), ACSII, Global Registry of Acute Coronary Events (GRACE/GRACE(2)), and Canadian Registry of Acute Coronary Events (CANRACE) prospective multicenter registries.


RESULTS
Women in the study population were found to be significantly older than men and were more likely to have a history of heart failure, diabetes, or hypertension. Fewer women were treated with thienopyridines, heparin, and glycoprotein IIb/IIIa inhibitors compared with men in GRACE and CANRACE. Female gender was independently associated with a lower in-hospital use of coronary angiography (adjusted odds ratio 0.76, 95% CI 0.69-0.84, P < .001) and higher in-hospital mortality (adjusted odds ratio 1.26, 95% CI 1.02-1.56, P = .036), irrespective of age (P for interaction =.76). Underestimation of patient risk was the most common reason for not pursuing an invasive strategy in both men and women.


CONCLUSIONS
Despite temporal increases in the use of invasive cardiac procedures, women with ACS are still more likely to be treated conservatively, which may be due to underestimation of patient risk. Furthermore, they have worse in-hospital outcomes. Greater awareness of this paradox may assist in bridging the gap between current guidelines and management practices.
PMN-PT single crystal, high-frequency ultrasonic needle transducers for pulsed-wave Doppler application

High-frequency needle ultrasound transducers with an aperture size of 0.4 mm were fabricated using lead magnesium niobate-lead titanate (PMN-33%PT) as the active piezoelectric material. The active element was bonded to a conductive silver particle matching layer and a conductive epoxy backing through direct contact curing. An outer matching layer of parylene was formed by vapor deposition. The active element was housed within a polyimide tube and a 20-gauge needle housing. The magnitude and phase of the electrical impedance of the transducer were 47 Omega and -38deg, respectively. The measured center frequency and -6 dB fractional bandwidth of the PMN-PT needle transducer were 44 MHz and 45%, respectively. The two-way insertion loss was approximately 15 dB. In vivo high-frequency, pulsed-wave Doppler patterns of blood flow in the posterior portion and in vitro ultrasonic backscatter microscope (UBM) images of the rabbit eye were obtained with the 44-MHz needle transducer
Odontogenic sinusitis: developments in diagnosis, microbiology, and treatment.

PURPOSE OF REVIEW
Odontogenic causes of sinusitis are frequently missed; clinicians often overlook odontogenic disease whenever examining individuals with symptomatic rhinosinusitis. Conventional treatments for chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) will often fail in odontogenic sinusitis. There have been several recent developments in the understanding of mechanisms, diagnosis, and treatment of odontogenic sinusitis, and clinicians should be aware of these advances to best treat this patient population.


RECENT FINDINGS
The majority of odontogenic disease is caused by periodontitis and iatrogenesis. Notably, dental pain or dental hypersensitivity is very commonly absent in odontogenic sinusitis, and symptoms are very similar to those seen in CRS overall. Unilaterality of nasal obstruction and foul nasal drainage are most suggestive of odontogenic sinusitis, but computed tomography is the gold standard for diagnosis. Conventional panoramic radiographs are very poorly suited to rule out odontogenic sinusitis, and cannot be relied on to identify disease. There does not appear to be an optimal sequence of treatment for odontogenic sinusitis; the dental source should be addressed and ESS is frequently also necessary to alleviate symptoms.


SUMMARY
Odontogenic sinusitis has distinct pathophysiology, diagnostic considerations, microbiology, and treatment strategies whenever compared with chronic rhinosinusitis. Clinicians who can accurately identify odontogenic sources can increase efficacy of medical and surgical treatments and improve patient outcomes.
Energy and visual comfort analysis of lighting and daylight control strategies

Shading systems have the potential to reduce energy consumption of electric lighting and improve visual comfort. Various automated control systems of shading device and electric lighting have been widely used. However, existing lighting and shading systems typically operate independently, i.e., information is not shared, and thus system performance is not optimal. Therefore, integrated control systems have been proposed to maximize energy efficiency and user comfort. Some problems are still unaddressed. For example, the benefits of sharing control information (e.g., HVAC state and occupancy information) between the lighting and shading control systems have not been quantified; the benefits of integrated controls have not been quantified. To address these issues, improved independent and integrated control strategies were proposed by adding shared HVAC state and occupancy information. To provide a quantitative comparison of these control strategies, a co-simulation platform consisting of BCVTB, EnergyPlus and Matlab was developed to perform an in-depth quantitative study of seven control strategies (manual, independent and integrated control strategies). Simulation results for a reference office building were presented for three climate zones (Baltimore, London, Abu-Dhabi), two types of blinds (interior, exterior) and two window-to-wall ratios (66%, 100%). A dynamic occupancy model was developed from actual office occupancy data and used in the simulations. The lighting, heating and cooling energy consumption, electric demand and visual comfort of different control strategies were evaluated and compared. Overall, in most cases, integrated lighting and daylight control outperforms all other strategies in energy and visual comfort performance. 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Analysis and Optimization of fastText Linear Text Classifier

The paper [1] shows that simple linear classifier can compete with complex deep learning algorithms in text classification applications. Combining bag of words (BoF) and linear classification techniques, fastText [1] attains same or only slightly lower accuracy than deep learning algorithms [2-9] that are orders of magnitude slower. We proved formally that fastText can be transformed into a simpler equivalent classifier, which unlike fastText does not have any hidden layer. We also proved that the necessary and sufficient dimensionality of the word vector embedding space is exactly the number of document classes. These results help constructing more optimal linear text classifiers with guaranteed maximum classification capabilities. The results are proven exactly by pure formal algebraic methods without attracting any empirical data.
A Tutorial on EMPA: A Theory of Concurrent Processes with Nondeterminism, Priorities, Probabilities and Time

We give an overview of EMPA, a process algebra for modeling and analyzing concurrent systems where nondeterminism, priorities, probabilities and time are present, aiming at a reasonable trade off between the expressive power of the calculus and the complexity of its underlying theory. 1. Università di Torino, Dipartimento di Informatica, Corso Svizzera 185, 10149 Torino, Italy. E-mail: bernardo@di.unito.it. 2. Università di Bologna, Dipartimento di Scienze dell’Informazione, Mura Anteo Zamboni 7, 40127 Bologna, Italy. Email: gorrieri@cs.unibo.it.
When Online Dating Meets Nash Social Welfare: Achieving Efficiency and Fairness

Mobile dating applications such as Coffee Meets Bagel, Tantan, and Tinder, have become significant for young adults to meet new friends and discover romantic relationships. From a system designer’s perspective, in order to achieve better user experience in these applications, we should take both the efficiency and fairness of a dating market into consideration, so as to increase the overall satisfaction for all users. Towards this goal, we investigate the nature of diminishing marginal returns for online dating markets (i.e., captured by the submodularity), and trade-off between the efficiency and fairness of the market with Nash social welfare. We further design effective online algorithms to the apps. We verify our models and algorithms through sound theoretical analysis and empirical studies by using real data and show that our algorithms can significantly improve the ecosystems of the online dating applications. ACM Reference Format: Yongzheng Jia, Xue Liu, and Wei Xu. 2018. When Online Dating Meets Nash Social Welfare: Achieving Efficiency and Fairness. In WWW 2018: The 2018 Web Conference, April 23–27, 2018, Lyon, France. ACM, New York, NY, USA, 10 pages. https://doi.org/10.1145/3178876.3186109
Frequent manual repositioning and incidence of pressure ulcers among bed-bound elderly hip fracture patients.

Frequent manual repositioning is an established part of pressure ulcer prevention, but there is little evidence for its effectiveness. This study examined the association between repositioning and pressure ulcer incidence among bed-bound elderly hip fracture patients, using data from a 2004-2007 cohort study in nine Maryland and Pennsylvania hospitals. Eligible patients (n=269) were age ≥ 65 years, underwent hip fracture surgery, and were bed-bound at index study visits (during the first 5 days of hospitalization). Information about repositioning on the days of index visits was collected from patient charts; study nurses assessed presence of stage 2+ pressure ulcers 2 days later. The association between frequent manual repositioning and pressure ulcer incidence was estimated, adjusting for pressure ulcer risk factors using generalized estimating equations and weighted estimating equations. Patients were frequently repositioned (at least every 2 hours) on only 53% (187/354) of index visit days. New pressure ulcers developed at 12% of visits following frequent repositioning vs. 10% following less frequent repositioning; the incidence rate of pressure ulcers per person-day did not differ between the two groups (incidence rate ratio 1.1, 95% confidence interval 0.5-2.4). No association was found between frequent repositioning of bed-bound patients and lower pressure ulcer incidence, calling into question the allocation of resources for repositioning.
Trust in e-commerce vendors: a two-stage model

This study investigates the development of trust in a Web-based vendor during two stages of a consumer’s Web experience: exploration and commitment. Through an experimental design, the study tests the effects of third party endorsements, reputation, and individual differences on trust in the vendor during these two stages.
Induction and comparison of different in vitro morphogenesis pathways using embryo of cumin (Cuminum cyminum L.) as a model material

In this study, using cumin embryo as explant and manipulating plant growth regulators (PGRs) in regeneration medium, the main in vitro morphogenesis pathways including direct shoot organogenesis, direct somatic embryogenesis, indirect somatic embryogenesis, and indirect shoot organogenesis were obtained. The effects of PGRs, subculture, and light on the induction and progression of different pathways were studied in detail. Direct shoot organogenesis occurred on the meristematic zone, while direct somatic embryogenesis was observed on hypocotyl part of cumin embryo (more differentiated part). Application of BAP (0.1 mgl−1) was the sole triggering factor for induction of callus and indirect regeneration pathways. Exogenous IAA played the central role in the direct somatic embryogenesis pathway; however, the combined effects of IAA and NAA along with the high endogenous cytokinin level resulted in direct shoot organogenesis. Subculturing revealed accelerating effects on direct somatic embryogenesis pathway and callus formation. Conversely, subculturing had negative effect on direct shoot organogenesis pathway. In certain combinations of PGRs, like 0.4 mgl−1 IAA + 0.4 mgl−1 NAA, co-induction and co-regeneration of different pathways were observed. Investigation of genotype dependencies of different pathways showed that direct pathways are more genotype-dependent, stable, and faster than indirect pathways. This research presents the embryo of cumin as a convenient model material for induction and comparison of different morphogenesis pathways.
Vacuolar Na+/H+ antiporter from barley: Identification and response to salt stress

One of the protective mechanisms used by plants to survive under conditions of salt stress caused by high NaCl concentration is the removal of Na+ from the cytoplasm. This mechanism involves a number of Na+/H+-antiporter proteins that are localized in plant plasma and vacuolar membranes. Due to the driving force of the electrochemical H+ gradient created by membrane H+-pumps (H+-ATPases and vacuolar H+-pyrophosphatases), Na+/H+-antiporters extrude sodium ions from the cytoplasm in exchange for protons. In this study, we have identified the gene for the barley vacuolar Na+/H+-antiporter HvNHX2 using the RACE (rapid amplification of cDNA ends)-PCR (polymerase chain reaction) technique. It is shown that the identified gene is expressed in roots, stems, and leaves of barley seedlings and that it presumably encodes a 59.6 kD protein composed of 546 amino acid residues. Antibodies against the C-terminal fragment of HvNHX2 were generated. It is shown that the quantity of HvNHX2 in tonoplast vesicles isolated from roots of barley seedlings remains the same, whereas the rate of Na+/H+ exchange across these membranes increases in response to salt stress. The 14-3-3-binding motif Lys-Lys-Glu-Ser-His-Pro (371–376) was detected in the HvNHX2 amino acid sequence, which is suggestive of possible involvement of the 14-3-3 proteins in the regulation of HvNHX2 function.
Spatial Ecology of the Three-Toed Woodpecker in Managed Forest Landscapes

The effects of landscape structure and forestry on the abundance and dynamics of boreal forest bird species have been studied widely, but there are relatively few studies in which the spatial structure and quality of the landscape have been related to the spatial ecology of bird species. In this paper, we present methods to measure territory and landscape quality for the three-toed woodpecker (Picoides tridactylus) and similar territorial forest bird species based on data from the Finnish multi-source national forest inventory and metapopulation theory. The three-toed woodpecker was studied with territory mapping within an area of 340 square km in southern Finland in 1987–2000. Altogether 195 breeding territory sites were observed. The spatial occurrence of the territories was aggregated, and the highest densities were observed in spruce-dominated old-growth forest areas. Both territory and landscape quality had signifi cant consequences for the occurrence of the three-toed woodpecker. The spatial patterning and permanence of breeding and non-breeding territories were infl uenced by a combination of spatial dynamics of the species and the quality of the landscape, the latter being much infl uenced by forestry. The landscape-level spatial occurrence of the three-toed woodpecker in the study area may represent source-sink dynamics. The results of this paper suggest the presence of threshold values at different spatial scales, which may determine the occurrence of the three-toed woodpecker and similar species in managed forest landscapes.
No Development of Imipenem Resistance in Pneumonia Caused by Escherichia coli

BACKGROUND
Antibiotic resistance continues to rise due to the increased number of antibiotic prescriptions and is now a major threat to public health. In particular, there is an increase in antibiotic resistance to Escherichia coli according to the latest reports.


TRIAL DESIGN
This article examines, retrospectively, antibiotic resistance in patients with community- and nosocomial-acquired pneumonia caused by E coli.


METHODS
The data of all patients with community- and nosocomial-acquired pneumonia caused by E coli were collected from the hospital charts at the HELIOS Clinic, Witten/Herdecke University, Wuppertal, Germany, within the study period 2004 to 2014. An antibiogram was performed for the study patients with pneumonia caused by E coli. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing was performed for the different antibiotics that have been consistently used in the treatment of patients with pneumonia caused by E coli. All demographic, clinical, and laboratory data of all of the patients with pneumonia caused by E coli were collected from the patients' records.


RESULTS
During the study period of January 1, 2004 to August 12, 2014, 135 patients were identified with community- and nosocomial-acquired pneumonia affected by E coli. These patients had a mean age of 72.5 ± 11.6 (92 [68.1%, 95% CI 60.2%-76.0%] males and 43 [31.9%, 95% CI 24.0%-39.8%] females). E coli had a high resistance rate to ampicillin (60.7%), piperacillin (56.3%), ampicillin-sulbactam (44.4%), and co-trimoxazole (25.9%). No patients with pneumonia caused by E coli showed resistance to imipenem (P < 0.0001).


CONCLUSION
E coli was resistant to many of the typically used antibiotics. No resistance was detected toward imipenem in patients with pneumonia caused by E coli.
Biosimilars: A consideration of the regulations in the United States and European union.

Biosimilars are defined as biological products that are highly similar to a reference product, notwithstanding minor differences in clinically inactive components. Biosimilars show no clinically meaningful differences in safety, purity, and potency of the product in comparison to the reference product. With the ever looming patent expiry of some major high cost biologics, biosimilar production is becoming ever more lucrative to companies. Europe (EU) set the precedent, followed by the United States (US) in early 2012, for the approval process for biosimilars. Therefore, the purpose of this paper is to explore the nature of the regulatory processes in the US and EU and to determine the requirements of each in the approval process of a biosimilar. The current Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and European Medicines Agency's (EMA) guidance documents for biosimilars were reviewed revealing a need for further clarifications, as well as specifically addressing Celltrion's and Sandoz's application for approval for the biosimilars infliximab and filgrastim, respectively. Currently, the FDA and EMA focus on comparability in terms of the clinical, pharmacokinetic (PK)/pharmacodynamic (PD), preclinical, biological activity, and physiochemical characterization results, as well as requiring a robust and consistent manufacturing process. Both the EU and US have prepared guidance documents for biosimilars that will result in biotherapeutics that are as safe and efficacious as the innovator product but the necessity exists to globally harmonize international nonproprietary naming nomenclature and clarify how the concept of pharmacovigilance, extrapolation, and interchangeability will be handled and regulated in the future.
A New Arabic Printed Text Image Database and Evaluation Protocols

We report on the creation of a database composed of images of Arabic Printed words. The purpose of this database is the large-scale benchmarking of open-vocabulary, multi-font, multi-size and multi-style text recognition systems in Arabic. The challenges that are addressed by the database are in the variability of the sizes, fonts and style used to generate the images. A focus is also given on low-resolution images where anti-aliasing is generating noise on the characters to recognize. The database is synthetically generated using a lexicon of 113’284 words, 10 Arabic fonts, 10 font sizes and 4 font styles. The database contains 45’313’600 single word images totaling to more than 250 million characters. Ground truth annotation is provided for each image. The database is called APTI for Arabic Printed Text Images.
Metoprolol vs. carvedilol or carvedilol plus N-acetyl cysteine on post-operative atrial fibrillation: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study.

AIMS
Carvedilol and N-acetyl cysteine (NAC) have antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. Aim was to evaluate the efficacy of metoprolol, carvedilol, and carvedilol plus NAC on the prevention of post-operative atrial fibrillation (POAF).


METHODS AND RESULTS
Patients undergoing cardiac surgery (n = 311) were randomized to metoprolol, carvedilol, or carvedilol plus NAC. Baseline characteristics were similar. The incidence of POAF was lower in the carvedilol plus NAC group compared with the metoprolol group (P < 0.0001) or the carvedilol group (P = 0.03). There was a borderline significance for lower POAF rates in the carvedilol group compared with the metoprolol group (P = 0.06). Duration of hospitalization was lower in the carvedilol plus NAC group compared to the metoprolol group (P = 0.004). Multivariate independent predictors of POAF included left-atrial diameter, hypertension, bypass duration, pre-randomization and pre-operative heart rates, carvedilol plus NAC group vs. metoprolol group, and carvedilol plus NAC group vs. carvedilol group.


CONCLUSION
Carvedilol plus NAC decreased POAF incidence and duration of hospitalization compared with metoprolol and decreased POAF incidence compared with carvedilol.
A Bipedal Walking Robot with Efficient and Human-Like Gait

Here we present the design of a passive-dynamics based, fully autonomous, 3-D, bipedal walking robot that uses simple control, consumes little energy, and has human-like morphology and gait. Design aspects covered here include the freely rotating hip joint with angle bisecting mechanism; freely rotating knee joints with latches; direct actuation of the ankles with a spring, release mechanism, and reset motor; wide feet that are shaped to aid lateral stability; and the simple control algorithm. The biomechanics context of this robot is discussed in more detail in [1], and movies of the robot walking are available at Science Online and http://www.tam.cornell.edu/~ruina/powerwalk.html. This robot adds evidence to the idea that passive-dynamic approaches might help design walking robots that are simpler, more efficient and easier to control.