LLukas22/scidocs huggingface dataset:
Weekly paclitaxel in the adjuvant treatment of breast cancer.

BACKGROUND
We compared the efficacy of two different taxanes, docetaxel and paclitaxel, given either weekly or every 3 weeks, in the adjuvant treatment of breast cancer.


METHODS
We enrolled 4950 women with axillary lymph node-positive or high-risk, lymph node-negative breast cancer. After randomization, all patients first received 4 cycles of intravenous doxorubicin and cyclophosphamide at 3-week intervals and were then assigned to intravenous paclitaxel or docetaxel given at 3-week intervals for 4 cycles or at 1-week intervals for 12 cycles. The primary end point was disease-free survival.


RESULTS
As compared with patients receiving standard therapy (paclitaxel every 3 weeks), the odds ratio for disease-free survival was 1.27 among those receiving weekly paclitaxel (P=0.006), 1.23 among those receiving docetaxel every 3 weeks (P=0.02), and 1.09 among those receiving weekly docetaxel (P=0.29) (with an odds ratio >1 favoring the groups receiving experimental therapy). As compared with standard therapy, weekly paclitaxel was also associated with improved survival (odds ratio, 1.32; P=0.01). An exploratory analysis of a subgroup of patients whose tumors expressed no human epidermal growth factor receptor type 2 protein found similar improvements in disease-free and overall survival with weekly paclitaxel treatment, regardless of hormone-receptor expression. Grade 2, 3, or 4 neuropathy was more frequent with weekly paclitaxel than with paclitaxel every 3 weeks (27% vs. 20%).


CONCLUSIONS
Weekly paclitaxel after standard adjuvant chemotherapy with doxorubicin and cyclophosphamide improves disease-free and overall survival in women with breast cancer. (ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT00004125 [ClinicalTrials.gov].).
Structured sparsity for automatic music transcription

Sparse representations have previously been applied to the automatic music transcription (AMT) problem. Structured sparsity, such as group and molecular sparsity allows the introduction of prior knowledge to sparse representations. Molecular sparsity has previously been proposed for AMT, however the use of greedy group sparsity has not previously been proposed for this problem. We propose a greedy sparse pursuit based on nearest subspace classification for groups with coherent blocks, based in a non-negative framework, and apply this to AMT. Further to this, we propose an enhanced molecular variant of this group sparse algorithm and demonstrate the effectiveness of this approach.
Yoga practice in England 1997-2008: prevalence, temporal trends, and correlates of participation

Yoga is a holistic practice that may offer several health benefits. No study has examined the prevalence, temporal trends, or correlates of yoga practice at the population level in a European country and very few such studies exist worldwide. The objective of the study is to examine the prevalence, trends and correlates of yoga practice in England between 1997 and 2008. Analysis was conducted in early 2013 using Health Survey for England data. Independent cohorts, representative of adults living in England, were surveyed in annual cycles in 1997-1999, 2003-2004, and 2006/2008. Prevalence of yoga practice (defined as any practice in the past four weeks) was determined at each time point and multiple logistic regression was used to examine temporal trends (using 1997-1999 as reference time point) and the correlates of yoga practice. The prevalence of yoga practice was 0.46% (95% CI: 0.39%-0.52%) in 1997-1999, 0.94% (0.83%-1.06%) in 2003-2004, and 1.11% (0.95%-1.28%) in 2006/2008. Yoga participants in England were more likely to be older, female, degree educated, of non-manual social class, lower BMI, better self-rated general health, inactive occupation, and higher moderate-to-vigorous physical activity. Adjusted for age, sex, social class, and long standing illnesses, there was a significant increasing trend of yoga practice from 1997 to 2008 (2003/04 OR = 1.93, 95% CI: 1.59-2.34; 2006/08 OR = 2.19, 95% CI: 1.77-2.71). Yoga practice has increased in popularity, though the absolute rates are still relatively low. Future population studies should more comprehensively examine the contexts, settings, styles, correlates and health benefits of yoga practice.
Identity construction on Facebook: Digital empowerment in anchored relationships

Early research on online self-presentation mostly focused on identity constructions in anonymous online environments. Such studies found that individuals tended to engage in role-play games and anti-normative behaviors in the online world. More recent studies have examined identity performance in less anonymous online settings such as Internet dating sites and reported different findings. The present study investigates identity construction on Facebook, a newly emerged nonymous online environment. Based on content analysis of 63 Facebook accounts, we find that the identities produced in this nonymous environment differ from those constructed in the anonymous online environments previously reported. Facebook users predominantly claim their identities implicitly rather than explicitly; they ‘‘show rather than tell” and stress group and consumer identities over personally narrated ones. The characteristics of such identities are described and the implications of this finding are discussed. Published by Elsevier Ltd.
Factors in the Efficacy, Safety, and Impact on Quality of Life for Treatment of Drooling with Botulinum Toxin Type A in Patients with Cerebral Palsy.

OBJECTIVE
To assess the efficacy and safety of botulinum toxin A (BoNT-A) injected in both submandibular and parotid versus only in parotid glands as a treatment for drooling in patients with spastic and dyskinetic cerebral palsy (CP), including an assessment of impact on quality of life (QoL) based on items from the International Classification of Functioning, Disability, and Health (ICF) core set.


DESIGN
Forty patients with CP 18 years or older (mean, 21.8 years) participated in a prospective, single-center, randomized controlled interventional study. All participants were classified as Gross Motor Function Classification System level III or higher and all had significant drooling as defined in prior studies. One group (group A) was treated with 100 U of BoNT-A, and another group (group B) served as control. In the treatment group, all patients first received combined parotid and submandibular injections, and then parotid injections only. The main outcome variables were a postinjection decrease in the drooling quotient (DQ) of 50% or more, total flow of 30% or more, and QoL as assessed by a set of 10 items related to drooling from the ICF.


RESULTS
The proportion of patients who achieved at least 50% reduction in DQ was 45% in group A versus 0.0% in group B; 0.0% (P = 0.0012); and of those who achieved at least 30% reduction in total flow was 90% in group A versus 10% in group B (P < 0.0001). Within group A, 42.1% of the dyskinetic patients versus 58.0% of the spastic ones showed 50% or better response in DQ, which is not a statistically significant difference (P = 0.8045). With regard to ICF questions, group A showed statistically significant improvements in several related items. There did not seem to be a significant difference in overall response for providing parotid-only injections. Additional correlations and uncommon adverse effect experiences are also reviewed.


CONCLUSION
Botulinum toxin A injection of the salivary glands is frequently effective and generally safe for the treatment of drooling in patients with either spastic or dyskinetic CP, both in objective measurement of saliva production and subjective symptoms related to the condition. There does not seem to be a significant advantage of injecting both submandibular and parotid glands over injecting parotid glands alone.
IcoRating: A Deep-Learning System for Scam ICO Identification

Cryptocurrencies (or digital tokens, digital currencies, e.g., BTC, ETH, XRP, NEO) have been rapidly gaining ground in use, value, and understanding among the public, bringing astonishing profits to investors. Unlike other money and banking systems, most digital tokens do not require central authorities. Being decentralized poses significant challenges for credit rating. Most ICOs are currently not subject to government regulations, which makes a reliable credit rating system for ICO projects necessary and urgent. In this paper, we introduce ICORATING, the first learning–based cryptocurrency rating system. We exploit natural-language processing techniques to analyze various aspects of 2,251 digital currencies to date, such as white paper content, founding teams, Github repositories, websites, etc. Supervised learning models are used to correlate the life span and the price change of cryptocurrencies with these features. For the best setting, the proposed system is able to identify scam ICO projects with 0.83 precision. We hope this work will help investors identify scam ICOs and attract more efforts in automatically evaluating and analyzing ICO projects. 1 2 Author contributions: J. Li designed research; Z. Sun, Z. Deng, F. Li and P. Shi prepared the data; S. Bian and A. Yuan contributed analytic tools; P. Shi and Z. Deng labeled the dataset; J. Li, W. Monroe and W. Wang designed the experiments; J. Li, W. Wu, Z. Deng and T. Zhang performed the experiments; J. Li and T. Zhang wrote the paper; W. Monroe and A. Yuan proofread the paper. Author Contacts: Figure 1: Market capitalization v.s. time. Figure 2: The number of new ICO projects v.s. time.
Ultrasound guidance for intra-articular injections of the foot and ankle.

BACKGROUND
Ultrasound has been increasingly utilized in procedures involving intra-articular injections. This study's purpose was to compare the accuracy of intra-articular injections of the foot and ankle using palpation versus dynamic ultrasound in a cadaver model.


MATERIALS AND METHODS
Fourteen lightly embalmed cadaver specimens without notable osteoarthritis were used. A 0.22-gauge needle was placed by a foot and ankle orthopaedic surgeon into the first and second tarsometatarsal joints, subtalar joint, and ankle joint. The needle was initially placed using palpation, evaluated with ultrasound by an experienced rheumatologist, and re-inserted if necessary. Needle placement was confirmed with injection of an Omnipaque/methylene blue solution and examined under fluoroscopy, followed by dissection.


RESULTS
Palpation and ultrasound were 100% accurate in subtalar and ankle joint injections. Using palpation, the needle was correctly placed into the first TMT joint in three of 14 cadavers, and in four of 14 cadavers for the second TMT joint. Using ultrasound, the needle was correctly placed into the first TMT joint in ten of 14 cadavers, and into the second TMT joint in eight of 14 cadavers. When grouped, ultrasound was significantly more accurate for intra-articular needle placement compared to palpation in the midfoot (p = 0.003). On three specimens, dye extended beyond the second TMT joint.


CONCLUSION
Intra-articular injections of the subtalar and ankle joints can be successfully performed utilizing palpation alone. Ultrasound guidance significantly increases injection accuracy into the TMT joints compared to palpation alone and therefore US or Fluoroscopy is performed when injecting these TMT joints. When using selective diagnostic injections into a TMT joint to assess for the symptomatic joint and potential need for arthrodesis, the injected anesthetic may not remain isolated within that joint. These isolated TMT injections should not be done to answer that question without fluoroscopy confirmation with radiopaue dye demonstrating the injected fluid remained within the one joint of interest.
In vivo bio-integration of three hyaluronic acid fillers in human skin: a histological study.

BACKGROUND
Hyaluronic acid (HA) formulations are used for aesthetic applications. Different cross-linking technologies result in HA dermal fillers with specific characteristic visco-elastic properties.


OBJECTIVE
Bio-integration of three CE-marked HA dermal fillers, a cohesive (monophasic) polydensified, a cohesive (monophasic) monodensified and a non-cohesive (biphasic) filler, was analysed with a follow-up of 114 days after injection. Our aim was to study the tolerability and inflammatory response of these fillers, their patterns of distribution in the dermis, and influence on tissue integrity.


METHODS
Three HA formulations were injected intradermally into the iliac crest region in 15 subjects. Tissue samples were analysed after 8 and 114 days by histology and immunohistochemistry, and visualized using optical and transmission electron microscopy.


RESULTS
Histological results demonstrated that the tested HA fillers showed specific characteristic bio-integration patterns in the reticular dermis. Observations under the optical and electron microscopes revealed morphological conservation of cutaneous structures. Immunohistochemical results confirmed absence of inflammation, immune response and granuloma.


CONCLUSION
The three tested dermal fillers show an excellent tolerability and preservation of the dermal cells and matrix components. Their tissue integration was dependent on their visco-elastic properties. The cohesive polydensified filler showed the most homogeneous integration with an optimal spreading within the reticular dermis, which is achieved by filling even the smallest spaces between collagen bundles and elastin fibrils, while preserving the structural integrity of the latter. Absence of adverse reactions confirms safety of the tested HA dermal fillers.
Flexible wide-angle polarization-insensitive mid-infrared metamaterial absorbers

The burgeoning field of metamaterials was brought about by the demand for materials with exotic properties beyond the reach of natural materials, such as a negative refractive index [1]. Most metamaterial development work has focused on engineering the real part of the effective permittivity and/or permeability [2]. However, a recently proposed perfect metamaterial absorber has drawn attention to the oft-overlooked imaginary part of the optical constant, [3] which can be manipulated to create high absorption. Compared with classical absorber designs such as Salisbury screens, metamaterial absorbers can possess much thinner structures, rendering them more suitable for radar and tracking applications. Nevertheless, most up-to-date metamaterial absorber designs, covering the RF [4] and THz [5] up to Near-IR [6] wavelengths, function only at either near-normal incidence or for a single polarization. In this paper, we propose single-band and dual-band flexible polarization-insensitive metamaterial absorbers with wide field of view for the mid-infrared band. The structures are based on a thin (~λ0/15) bilayer metallo-dielectric stacks with the design parameters optimized via a genetic algorithm (GA), which has been proven to be a robust methodology for evolving complex structures with customized electromagnetic properties [7].
Dietary folate, alcohol and B vitamins in relation to LINE-1 hypomethylation in colon cancer.

BACKGROUND AND AIMS
Although critical for methylation reactions, how dietary folate and B vitamins affect global DNA methylation level in colorectal cancers is currently unknown. Long interspersed nucleotide element-1 (LINE-1) is an emerging indicator of genome-wide DNA methylation level that has previously been linked to colon cancer survival.


METHODS
We examined the association between dietary intake of folate, alcohol and B vitamins and LINE-1 hypomethylation in 609 incident colon cancers, utilising the database of two independent prospective cohort studies.


RESULTS
Participants with > or = 400 microg folate intake per day were significantly less likely to develop LINE-1 hypomethylated colon cancers than those reporting <200 microg of folate intake per day (RR=0.57, 95% CI=0.36 to 0.91 for <55% LINE-1 methylated colon tumours; RR=0.74, 95% CI=0.51 to 1.06 for 55-64% LINE-1 methylated colon tumours; and RR=1.08, 95% CI=0.66 to 1.75 for > or = 65% LINE-1 methylated tumours; P(interaction)=0.01). By contrast, high alcohol consumption conferred a higher risk of LINE-1 hypomethylated cancers (> or = 15 g alcohol per day versus none, RR=1.67, 95% CI=1.04 to 2.67 for <55% LINE1 methylated tumours; and RR=1.55, 95% CI=1.10 to 2.18 for 55-64% LINE-1 methylated tumours) but had no association with > or = 65% LINE-1 methylated tumours (RR=1.06, 95% CI=0.69 to 1.62). High intakes of vitamin B(6), B(12) or methionine were not significantly associated with colon cancers, regardless of LINE-1 methylation level.


CONCLUSION
The influence of dietary folate intake and alcohol consumption on colon cancer risk differs significantly according to tumoral LINE-1 methylation level.
Androgens and alopecia

Androgens have profound effects on scalp and body hair in humans. Scalp hair grows constitutively in the absence of androgens, while body hair growth is dependent on the action of androgens. Androgenetic alopecia, referred to as male pattern hair loss (MPHL) in men and female pattern hair loss (FPHL) in women, is due to the progressive miniaturization of scalp hair. Observations in both eunuchs, who have low levels of testicular androgens, and males with genetic 5alpha-reductase (5alphaR) deficiency, who have low levels of dihydrotestosterone (DHT), implicate DHT as a key androgen in the pathogenesis of MPHL in men. The development of finasteride, a type 2-selective 5alphaR inhibitor, further advanced our understanding of the role of DHT in the pathophysiology of scalp alopecia. Controlled clinical trials with finasteride demonstrated improvements in scalp hair growth in treated men associated with reductions in scalp DHT content, and a trend towards reversal of scalp hair miniaturization was evident by histopathologic evaluation of scalp biopsies. In contrast to its beneficial effects in men, finasteride did not improve hair growth in postmenopausal women with FPHL. Histopathological evaluation of scalp biopsies confirmed that finasteride treatment produced no benefit on scalp hair in these women. These findings suggest that MPHL and FPHL are distinct clinical entities, with disparate pathophysiologies. Studies that elucidate the molecular mechanisms by which androgens regulate hair growth would provide greater understanding of these differences.
Recognition of Classical Arabic Poems

This work presents a novel method for recognizing and extracting classical Arabic poems found in textual sources. The method utilizes the basic classical Arabic poem features such as structure, rhyme, writing style, and word usage. The proposed method achieves a precision of 96.94% while keeping a high recall value at 92.24%. The method was also used to build a prototype search engine for classical Arabic poems.
The impact of social norm change strategies on smokers' quitting behaviours

OBJECTIVE
Using a social norm change paradigm model that reflects the California Tobacco Control Program's (CTCP) priorities, we compare the strength of the relationship of the social norm constructs to key smoking behavioural outcomes.


METHODS
Social norm constructs that correspond to CTCP's priority areas were created from selected California Adult Tobacco Survey knowledge, attitude and belief questions using confirmatory factor analysis. We then examined the relationship between these constructs and quitting behaviours using logistic regression.


RESULTS
The secondhand smoke (SHS) and countering pro-tobacco influences'(CPTI) constructs followed a dose-response curve with quitting behaviours. Respondents who rated high on the SHS construct were about 70% more likely to have made a recent quit attempt in the last 12 months and about 100% more likely to intend to quit in the next 6 months than respondents who rated low on the SHS construct. For CPTI, respondents who rated high on this construct were 67% more likely to have made a recent quit attempt in the last 12 months and 62% more likely to have intentions to quit in the next 6 months than respondents who rated low on the CPTI construct.


CONCLUSION
Social norm change constructs represent CTCP's priorities and are strongly related to desired individual behaviour outcomes. This analysis provides strong support for the framework underlying CTCP--namely, that changing social norms affects behaviour change at the individual level through changing population-level smoking-related behaviours.
Ovarian cancer survivors: qualitative analysis of the symptom of sexuality.

PURPOSE/OBJECTIVES
To better understand treatment-induced changes in sexuality from the patient perspective, to learn how women manage these changes in sexuality, and to identify what information they want from nurses about this symptom.


RESEARCH APPROACH
Qualitative descriptive methods.


SETTING
An outpatient gynecologic clinic in an urban area in the southeastern United States served as the recruitment site for patients.


PARTICIPANTS
Eight women, ages 33-69, receiving first-line treatment for ovarian cancer participated in individual interviews. Five women, ages 40-75, participated in a focus group and their status ranged from newly diagnosed to terminally ill from ovarian cancer.


METHODOLOGIC APPROACH
Both individual interviews and a focus group were conducted. Content analysis was used to identify themes that described the experience of women as they became aware of changes in their sexuality. Triangulation of approach, the researchers, and theory allowed for a rich description of the symptom experience.


FINDINGS
Regardless of age, women reported that ovarian cancer treatment had a detrimental impact on their sexuality and that the changes made them feel "no longer whole." Mechanical changes caused by surgery coupled with hormonal changes added to the intensity and dimension of the symptom experience. Physiologic, psychological, and social factors also impacted how this symptom was experienced.


CONCLUSIONS
Regardless of age or relationship status, sexuality is altered by the diagnosis and treatment of ovarian cancer.


INTERPRETATION
Nurses have an obligation to educate women with ovarian cancer about anticipated changes in their sexuality that may come from treatment.
Comparison of the DC / DC-Converters for Fuel Cell Applications

The source voltage of high-power fuel cell shows strong load dependence at comparatively low voltage levels. In order to provide the voltage of 750V on the DC-link for feeding electrical energy into the mains via a three phase inverter a step-up converter with a large step-up ratio is required. The output voltage of this DC/DC-converter must be stabile during variations of the load current and the voltage of the fuel cell. This paper presents the methods and results of the calculation of the efficiency and the expense for the realization for the circuits of the DC/DC-converter that meet these requirements. Keywords—DC/DC-converter, calculation, efficiency, fuel cell.
SAARC : Origin , Growth , Potential and Achievements

The success of states in today’s world is not so much measured in terms of capacity for defending borders or creating uniquely national institutions, but in terms of ability to adapt to regional and global trends, promote exports, attract investments, and skilled labour, provide a beneficial environment for transnational companies, build attractive institutions of research and higher learning, wield political influence on the regional and global scene, and also brand the nation culturally in the international market-place. 1