LLukas22/scidocs huggingface dataset:
The Know & Go! program improves knowledge for patients with coronary heart disease in pilot testing.

OBJECTIVE
To determine if patients hospitalized for angioplasty could learn about symptoms, risk factors, and care-seeking behaviors before and after discharge and to assess patient acceptability of the intervention.


METHODS
Thirty-two women and 32 men were randomly assigned to groups and completed an intervention pretest. The experimental group viewed the Know & Go! slide presentation at baseline and 2 and 4 months after discharge. A satisfaction survey was mailed to patients in the experimental group.


RESULTS
There were no significant differences between groups in clinical or sociodemographic characteristics. The experimental group scored significantly higher on an intervention posttest at study completion (F = 15.21; P < .001). Patients were highly satisfied with the program and computer technology (range 0-12, M = 9.57 ± 1.83).


CONCLUSION
The Know & Go! intervention was safe, effective, and acceptable to patients in pilot testing. Results support refinement and further testing of the intervention for patients diagnosed with coronary heart disease.
An aggregate score to predict the risk of large pleural effusion after pulmonary lobectomy.

OBJECTIVES
The volume of pleural effusion is one of the determinants of chest drain removal following pulmonary resection. Recent research suggests that values up to 400 ml/day are safe. The objective of this study was to develop an aggregate risk score to identify patients at higher risk of developing a large pleural effusion (LPE) (>400 ml/day) on postoperative day 2 (POD2) after pulmonary lobectomy.


METHODS
An observational study on 229 consecutive patients was conducted prospectively in two European centres (June 2012-September 2013). All patients underwent pulmonary lobectomy for lung cancer (thoracotomy: 131, video-assisted thoracic surgery: 98) and managed by single chest tube connected to an electronic-regulated suction device. Exclusion criteria were chest wall or diaphragm resection and postoperative-assisted mechanical ventilation. To build the aggregate score, variables were initially screened by univariable analysis, and then used in stepwise logistic regression analysis (validated by bootstrap). The scoring system was developed by proportional weighing of the significant predictor estimates, and patients were grouped in classes of incremental risk according to their total score.


RESULTS
The incidence of LPE on POD2 was 23% (53 of 229 patients). The independent risk factors associated with LPE on POD2 were age greater than 70 years (P = 0.01, bootstrap frequency 71%), a lower lobectomy (P = 0.03, bootstrap frequency 59%) and presence of COPD (P = 0.02, bootstrap frequency 63%). Each predictor received a weighted score of 1, and patients were grouped into three risk classes showing an incremental risk of LPE (P < 0.001): Class A (Score 0) 5 LPE in 66 patients, 7.5%; Class B (Score 1) 19 LPE in 88 patients, 22%; Class C (Score >1) 29 LPE in 75 patients, 39%.


CONCLUSIONS
The aggregate score is a reliable tool for identifying high-risk patients for LPE and assists in the selection of patients that can safely proceed to chest drain removal early after surgery.
The Impact of Control-Display Gain on User Performance in Pointing Tasks

We theoretically and empirically examine the impact of control display (CD) gain on mouse pointing performance. Two techniques for modifying CD gain are considered: constant gain (CG) where CD gain is uniformly adjusted by a constant multiplier, and pointer acceleration (PA) where CD gain is adjusted using a nonuniform function depending on movement characteristics. HUMAN–COMPUTER INTERACTION, 2008, Volume 23, pp. 215–250 Copyright © 2008 Taylor & Francis Group, LLC ISSN: 0737-0024 print / 1532-7051 online DOI: 10.1080/07370020802278163 Géry Casiez is a computer scientist with interests in empirical evaluation of user interfaces including associated metrics and predictive models of human performance; he is an Assistant Professor in the Department of Computer Science of the University of Lille, France. This work was conducted while he was a postdoctoral fellow at the University of Toronto. Daniel Vogel is a graduate student in the Department of Computer Science, University of Toronto. Ravin Balakrishnan is an Associate Professor of Computer Science and Canada Research Chair in Human-Centred Interfaces at the Department of Computer Science, University of Toronto. Andy Cockburn is a computer scientist with interests in modeling and empirically measuring human performance with interactive systems; he is an Associate Professor in the Department of Computer Science of the University of Canterbury, Christchurch, New Zealand. D o w n l o a d e d B y : [ C a s i e z , G é r y ] A t : 0 9 : 3 6 2 2 S e p t e m b e r 2 0 0 8
Efficacy of a new intravenous β2-adrenergic agonist (bedoradrine, MN-221) for patients with an acute exacerbation of asthma.

BACKGROUND
Many patients with acute exacerbation of asthma are non-responders to inhaled β-adrenergic agonists. The goal of this study was to evaluate the safety and efficacy of intravenous bedoradrine (MN-221), a highly selective β2-adrenergic agonist, as adjunct to standard therapy in the management of patients with acute exacerbation of asthma who did not respond to standard therapy.


METHODS
Patients (N = 167) received standard therapy and were randomized to either bedoradrine (1200 μg) or placebo. Safety and efficacy parameters were monitored hourly for 3 h, followed by a 24-h follow-up visit and an 8-day follow-up phone call. Change in %FEV1 from baseline to Hour 3 was the primary outcome. Secondary outcome measures included change in %FEV1 at 1 and 2 h, change in dyspnea score at 1, 2, and 3 h, treatment failure rate, defined as a combination of hospitalization on the index visit or return to the emergency department within 1 week, and safety monitoring.


RESULTS
There was no significant difference in %FEV1 at 3 h between the 2 groups. The dyspnea scores were significantly improved for patients treated with bedoradrine compared to placebo (AUC0-2 hP < 0.005, AUC0-3 hP < 0.05). The safety profile for those treated with bedoradrine was consistent with the known mechanism of action of β-adrenergic agonists, and included both cardiovascular and metabolic effects.


CONCLUSIONS
Intravenous bedoradrine, in addition to standard therapy, did not significantly increase %FEV1 at 3 h, but it was associated with significantly improved dyspnea scores.


TRIAL REGISTRATION
Clinicaltrials.gov; study name: MN-221-CL-007, registration number: NCT00838591; www.clinical trials.gov.
THESAURUS AND QUERY EXPANSION

The explosive growth of the World Wide Web is making it difficult for a user to locate information that is relevant to his/her interest. Though existing search engines work well to a certain extent but they still face problems like word mismatch which arises because the majority of information retrieval systems compare query and document terms on lexical level rather than on semantic level and short query: the average length of queries by the user is less than two words. Short queries and the incompatibility between the terms in user queries and documents strongly affect the retrieval of relevant document. Query expansion has long been suggested as a technique to increase the effectiveness of the information retrieval. Query expansion is the process of supplementing additional terms or phrases to the original query to improve the retrieval performance. The central problem of query expansion is the selection of the expansion terms based on which user’s original query is expanded. Thesaurus helps to solve this problem. Thesaurus have frequently been incorporated in information retrieval system for identifying the synonymous expressions and linguistic entities that are semantically similar. Thesaurus has been widely used in many applications, including information retrieval and natural language processing. .
A secondary prevention lipid clinic reaches low-density lipoprotein cholesterol goals more often than usual cardiology care with coronary heart disease.

OBJECTIVE
The objective of this study was to determine whether enrollment in a multidisciplinary secondary prevention lipid clinic (SPLC) for 3 or more years was associated with improved adherence to lipid guidelines as compared with usual care provided by cardiologists.


METHODS
Patients with documented coronary artery disease (CAD), enrolled in a SPLC, and followed for at least 3 years were identified by the use of a computer database. The comparison group included patients with CAD who received usual care from a cardiologist during the same time period. The percentage of patients achieving low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) goals at enrollment and after at least 3 years of follow-up was determined for both groups. The average total cholesterol, LDL-C, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), and triglycerides were determined after at least 3 years of follow-up for both groups.


RESULTS
Patients enrolled in the SPLC reached the LDL-C goals more often than usual care cardiology patients (goal <100mg/dL: 81.9% vs. 72.8%, P < .001; optional goal <70 mg/dL: 41.9% vs. 28.6%, P < .001). The patients enrolled in the SPLC had lower average total cholesterol, triglycerides, and LDL-C and greater average HDL-C after 3 years. All the lipid parameters decreased for patients in usual cardiology care, but these changes were not statistically significant.


CONCLUSIONS
This multidisciplinary secondary prevention lipid clinic achieved the LDL-C goals (<100mg/dL and optional goal <70 mg/dL) more often than usual cardiology care for patients with CAD after 3 years of lipid management.
Comparison of safety, efficacy, and cost effectiveness of benzyl benzoate, permethrin, and ivermectin in patients of scabies

OBJECTIVE
To compare three treatment modalities in scabies for safety, efficacy, and economy in a local population of Nagpur.


MATERIALS AND METHODS
This was a prospective, randomized, comparative clinical trial conducted in 103 participants, randomly allocated to three groups. First group received benzyl benzoate (BB) 25% lotion, second group received permethrin 5% cream, whereas third group received tablet ivermectin 200 mug/kg as a single dose. The participants were recalled after one week for follow-up evaluation. If there were no signs of cure, the same intervention was repeated. The participants were followed up for two weeks for cure rate, adverse drug reaction (ADR) monitoring, and postintervention observation. The follow-up was stopped after two weeks.


STATISTICS
Fischer's exact test using Graph pad Instat v 3.05.


RESULTS
Ivermectin showed 100% cure rate after two weeks of treatment. Permethrin decreased pruritus by 76% at the end of one week and had significantly better cure rate than ivermectin. At the end of two weeks treatment, this finding was reversed, that is, cure rate in ivermectin group was 100%. For cost-effectiveness analysis, treatment regimens were formulated hypothetically for comparison from Markov population tree for decision analysis. It was found that BB and ivermectin each consecutively for two weeks were most cost effective regimens giving complete cure in four weeks, while ivermectin was the fastest regimen giving the same results in two weeks.


CONCLUSION
Benzyl benzoate as first line intervention and ivermectin in the remaining gave best cost-effective results in the study patients of scabies.
Racial origin is associated with poor awareness of prostate cancer in UK men, but can be increased by simple information

Prostate cancer is the second most common cause of cancer death in UK men. We have shown a higher incidence and disease stage in black British men (unpublished), however there is no evidence regarding their awareness of prostate cancer and screening. We assessed the level of prostate cancer awareness and attitudes in Black and White men in the UK, and to see if written information would modify awareness. Information was collected from two groups of 871 men without prostate cancer using a new, validated, prostate cancer awareness questionnaire. The first group was asked to fill in the questionnaire, whereas the second group was initially given printed information on prostate cancer and requested to fill in the questionnaire. Data were compared between the two ethnic groups using SPSS statistical package. Changes in knowledge and attitudes after providing prostate health education were analysed. There was a significantly lower response from Black men. In the first group, Black men were unaware of their increased risk of developing the disease and demonstrated poor knowledge about the symptoms of prostate cancer (P<0.001) and also more negative attitudes about its control and treatment (P<0.01). In the second group, there were significant improvements in knowledge, risk awareness and attitudes following targeted education: this was true for Black and White men. Although Black British men have a high risk of prostate cancer, their knowledge of the disease is poor. Simple education methods can significantly improve awareness and knowledge in both Black and White men.
Humboldt, Alexander von

Alexander von Humboldt (1769–1859), German natural scientist who explored the equatorial Americas and laid the foundations of geobotany and meteorology. Humboldt's style of scientific exploration, which was based on precision instrumentation and the measurement of environmental parameters for the discovery of law-like relationships on a worldwide scale, inspired a generation of explorers and scientific travellers. Humboldt scholars from the post-WW II period have referred to this as ‘Humboldtian science’. Ever since the first Humboldt biographies appeared, already during his lifetime, many attempts have been made to make him part of different and at times conflicting causes. Today he is widely recognised for his universalist approach to natural knowledge, his cosmopolitan humanitarianism towards cultures and peoples, and his foundational contributions to ecology and environmentalism. 
 
 
Keywords: 
 
physical geography; 
journey of exploration; 
meteorology; 
Humboldtian science; 
environmentalism
Delivering tailored asthma family education in a pediatric emergency department setting: a pilot study.

OBJECTIVE
Many children are brought to the pediatric emergency department (ED) with acute asthma symptoms. Emergency asthma care is costly, and many ED visits may be preventable. Families often do not have written asthma action plans and lack asthma self-management skills. This study tests a tailored self-management intervention delivered in the ED for families of children with asthma. The primary hypotheses were that the intervention group would have greater confidence to manage asthma 14 days postintervention and more well-asthma visits and fewer urgent care/ED visits at 9 and 12 months.


METHODS
This randomized intervention/usual-care study was part of a larger ED asthma surveillance project in 4 urban pediatric ED sites. Asthma educators used a computer-based resource to tailor the intervention messages and provide a customized asthma action plan and educational summary. Children with acute asthma were enrolled during an ED visit, and follow-up telephone interviews were conducted during the next 9 months. The ED clinician classified the child's acute and chronic severity.


RESULTS
To date, 464 subjects aged 1 to 18 years have been enrolled. The ED clinicians reported that 46% had intermittent and 54% had persistent chronic severity with 51% having mild acute severity episodes. The confidence level to prevent asthma episodes and keep them from getting worse was significantly higher in the intervention group at 14 days postintervention. More subjects in the intervention group reported well-asthma visits by 9 months. Return ED visits were significantly lower in the intervention group in those with intermittent asthma. Twelve-month follow-up is in process.


CONCLUSIONS
The tailored ED self-management intervention demonstrates significant effects on caregiver self-confidence and well-visit follow-up. Additional evaluation is needed to determine what impact this intervention has long-term.
Paradoxical association of lipoprotein measures with incident atrial fibrillation.

BACKGROUND
Low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol is a strong risk factor for atherosclerosis but has an inverse association with atrial fibrillation (AF). We aimed to provide insight into the paradoxical association of LDL cholesterol with AF by evaluating the relationship of various lipoprotein measures and incident AF.


METHODS AND RESULTS
We prospectively evaluated lipoprotein measures among 23 738 healthy middle-aged and older women (median follow-up 16.4 years; N=795 incident AF events). Baseline LDL cholesterol was directly measured, lipoprotein particle concentrations and size were measured by nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, and apolipoproteins were measured by immunoassay. Cox regression models were adjusted for age, AF risk factors, inflammatory, and dysglycemic biomarkers. After multivariable adjustment, inverse associations with AF were observed (hazard ratio, 95% confidence interval for top versus bottom quintile, P value) for LDL cholesterol (0.72, 0.56-0.92, P=0.009), the total number of LDL particles (0.77, 0.60-0.99, P=0.045), and very-low-density lipoprotein particles (0.78, 0.61-0.99, P=0.04), which was driven by the number of cholesterol-poor small LDL (0.78, 0.61-1.00, P=0.05) and small very-low-density lipoprotein particles (0.78, 0.62-0.99, P=0.04). By contrast, the larger cholesterol-rich LDL particles and all high-density lipoprotein measures were not associated with AF in multivariable models. Adjustment for inflammatory and dysglycemic biomarkers had minimal impact on these associations.


CONCLUSIONS
In this prospective study, the inverse association between LDL cholesterol and AF extended to several other atherogenic lipoproteins, and these associations are unlikely to be mediated by direct cholesterol effects.


CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION
ClinicalTrials.gov; Unique Identifier: NCT00000479.
Purified black tea theaflavins and theaflavins/catechin supplements did not affect serum lipids in healthy individuals with mildly to moderately elevated cholesterol concentrations.

BACKGROUND
Ingestion of tea flavonoids found in both green and black tea is linked to cardiovascular health benefits such as lowering serum lipids. Evidence for a cholesterol-lowering benefit of green or black tea consumption from human intervention studies is, however, conflicting and active components responsible for the effect have not yet been clearly identified.


AIM OF THE STUDY
In a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel design study the effects of ingesting a purified black tea theaflavins (TFs) powder alone or in combination with catechin (TFs/catechins) on lowering serum total (TC) and LDL-cholesterol (LDL-c) were assessed.


METHODS
In total, 102 mildly to moderately hypercholesterolemic (TC and LDL-c: 5.70 +/- 0.74 and 3.97 +/- 0.61 mmol/L, respectively) subjects (67 men and 35 women) were randomly assigned to consume once daily one capsule of one of the 3 treatments: TFs (providing 77.5 mg), TFs/catechins (providing 75.0 mg TFs plus 150.0 mg catechins and 195.0 mg of other polyphenols), or placebo (cellulose).


RESULTS
Serum TC and LDL-c concentrations did not differ significantly among the 3 treatments as assessed at 4, 8, and 11 weeks using analysis of covariance (p = 0.1187 and p = 0.1063, respectively). Although changes over time from baseline to week 11 were significant for TC and LDL-c (p = 0.0311 and p = 0.0269, respectively), this decrease over time was seen in the TFs and placebo groups.


CONCLUSION
In this human intervention study, no statistically significant LDL-c lowering effect was seen with either TFs alone or the TFs/catechins combination as compared to placebo. Based on these findings it cannot be concluded that tea flavonoids such as theaflavins and catechins are responsible for a putative cholesterol-lowering effect of black tea, at least not with the daily dose applied in the present study.
The Seven Flaws of Identity Management: Usability and Security Challenges

Web identity management systems are complex systems with powerful features - and many potential vulnerabilities. They aim to facilitate the management of identifiers, credentials, personal information, and the presentation of this information to other parties. In many schemes, an identity provider (IdP) issues identities or credentials to users, while a relying party (RP) depends on the IdP to check the user credentials before it allows users access to Web site services. By separating the role of and IdP from the RP, identity management systems let users leverage one identifier across multiple Web services.
MEASURING THE VALUE OF INGREDIENT BRAND EQUITY AT MULTIPLE STAGES IN THE SUPPLY CHAIN : A COMPONENT SUPPLIER ’ S PERSPECTIVE

The goal of this article is to conceptualize the Ingredient Branding strategy and propose tools for measuring value derived from brand equity at the component supplier’s perspective. We demonstrate how brand equity occurs and how it can be measured at three marketing stages: B2B, B2C and B2B2C.This paper characterizes different stages in the Ingredient Branding strategy. Furthermore, the paper provides a different measurement method for each stage, and highlights in the end, an overall view of all participants in the Ingredient Branding value chain. We show fi rst that measuring brand equity at the end user stage alone is not as useful as measuring brand equity at multiple stages of the value chain. The complexity associated with an Ingredient Branding strategy makes it a multi-stage branding and marketing effort. Therefore, various data and measurement tools are needed to meet the needs of marketing managers and scholars focused on brand strategies for differing stages of the value chain. We demonstrate that existing brand measurement methods can be modifi ed to analyze multi-stage, interrelated exchanges. The paper extends existing brand measurements to capture the value of an Ingredient Brand both qualitatively and quantitatively, at multiple stages of the value chain. Waldemar Pfoertsch • Christian Linder • Jennifer D. Chandler 572
Image-based Plant Species Identification with Deep Convolutional Neural Networks

This paper presents deep learning techniques for image-based plant identification at very large scale. State-of-the-art Deep Convolutional Neural Networks (DCNNs) are fine-tuned to classify 10,000 species. To improve identification performance several models trained on different datasets with multiple image dimensions and aspect ratios are ensembled. Various data augmentation techniques have been applied to prevent overfitting and to further improve model accuracy and generalization. The proposed approach is evaluated in the LifeCLEF 2017 campaign. It provides the best system among all participating teams by achieving a mean reciprocal rank (MRR) of 92 % and a top-5 accuracy of 96 % on the official PlantCLEF test set.