LLukas22/scidocs huggingface dataset:
Review: Diversity of Microorganisms in Global Fermented Foods and Beverages

Culturalable and non-culturable microorganisms naturally ferment majority of global fermented foods and beverages. Traditional food fermentation represents an extremely valuable cultural heritage in most regions, and harbors a huge genetic potential of valuable but hitherto undiscovered strains. Holistic approaches for identification and complete profiling of both culturalable and non-culturable microorganisms in global fermented foods are of interest to food microbiologists. The application of culture-independent technique has thrown new light on the diversity of a number of hitherto unknown and non-cultural microorganisms in naturally fermented foods. Functional bacterial groups ("phylotypes") may be reflected by their mRNA expression in a particular substrate and not by mere DNA-level detection. An attempt has been made to review the microbiology of some fermented foods and alcoholic beverages of the world.
Investigation of specific volume of glass-forming Pd–Cu–Ni–P alloy in the liquid, vitreous and crystalline state

Abstract The thermal expansion of the glass-forming alloy Pd 43 Cu 27 Ni 10 P 20 in the liquid and the vitreous state, as well as in the crystalline state, was measured continuously by means of sessile drop technique. From the data obtained on density and thermal expansion, the specific volume could be deduced as a function of temperature in the complete temperature range from the stable liquid to the vitreous state for this alloy. Comparing these experimental results with the enthalpy function obtained from former calorimetric investigation, a similarity between the temperature dependence of both thermodynamic quantities is observed in the regime of the entire liquid state as well as at the glass transition. Accordingly, the correlation between these thermodynamic functions is discussed on the basis of the free-volume model. The temperature dependence can be attributed to structural relaxation processes and the change in the fractional free volume.
Factors contributing to evidence-based pressure ulcer prevention. A cross-sectional study.

BACKGROUND
Implementation of evidence-based care for pressure ulcer prevention is lacking. As the hospital organization is complex, more knowledge is needed to understand how nursing care in this area can be improved.


OBJECTIVES
The present study investigated the associations between variables on different levels in the healthcare setting (patient, unit, hospital) and the documentation of (1) risk assessment and (2) skin assessment within 24h of admission, the use of (3) pressure-reducing mattresses and (4) planned repositioning in bed.


DESIGN
A cross-sectional study.


SETTINGS
One university hospital and one general hospital.


PARTICIPANTS
Geriatric (n=8), medical (n=24) and surgical (n=19) units. All adult patients (>17 years), in total 825, were included.


METHODS
A one-day prevalence study was conducted using the methodology specified by the European Pressure Ulcer Advisory Panel, together with the established methods used by the Collaborative Alliance for Nursing Outcomes. Independent variables were patient characteristics, hospital type, unit type, nurse staffing and workload. Dependent variables were documented risk and skin assessment within 24h of admission, pressure-reducing mattresses and planned repositioning in bed. The data were analysed with Logistic regression using the Generalized Estimating Equation (GEE) approach.


RESULTS
Patients at risk of developing pressure ulcers (Braden<17) had higher odds of having risk assessment documented, and of receiving pressure-reducing mattresses and planned repositioning. Patients at the general hospital were less likely to have risk and skin assessment documented and to receive pressure-reducing mattresses. On the other hand, planned repositioning was more likely to be used at the general hospital. When total hours of nursing care was lower, patients had higher odds of having pressure-reducing mattresses but were less likely to have planned repositioning.


CONCLUSION
Patient characteristics (high age and risk score) and hospital type were associated with pressure ulcer prevention. Surprisingly, nurse staffing played only a minor role. Leaders in healthcare organizations should establish routines on different levels that support evidence-based pressure ulcer prevention, and registered nurses need to assume responsibility for bedside care.
Movement demands and match performance in professional Australian football.

This study examined the relationship between coaches' perception of match performance and movement demands in Australian Football. Movement demands were collected from 21 professional players over 12 matches during one Australian Football League season, with 69 player files collected. Additionally, match events relative to playing time and distance covered, along with player physical characteristics were collected. Based on coaches subjective rating of match performance (out of 20), relatively high calibre (HC) players (≥ 15/20) were compared with relatively low calibre (LC) players (≤ 9/20) for all variables. The HC players were older (+17%, p=0.011), spent a greater percentage of time performing low-speed running (+2%, p=0.039), had more kicks (38%, p=0.001) and disposals (35%, p=0.001) per min and covered less distance per kick (- 50%, p=0.001) and disposal (- 44%, p=0.001) than the LC group, with the effect sizes also supporting this trend. Further, HC players covered less distance (- 14%, p=0.037), spent less percentage of time (- 17%, p=0.037) and performed fewer (- 9%, p=0.026) efforts per min high-speed running than LC players, which was further confirmed by the effect sizes. Movement demands and match events are related to coaches' perception of match performance in professional Australian Football. Further, high levels of involvement with the football appeared to be more important to performance than high exercise speed.
Ef fi ciency drivers in Brazilian insurance : A two-stage DEA meta frontier-data mining approach

Article history: Accepted 10 November 2015 Available online xxxx This paper investigates the role of heterogeneity in the insurance sector. Here, heterogeneity is represented by different types of insurance provided and regions served. Using a balanced panel data set on Brazilian insurance companies as a case study, results corroborate this underlying hypothesis of heterogeneity's impact on performance. The implications of this research for practitioners andacademics are not only addressed in termsofmarket segmentation —which ones are the best performers—but also in terms of mergers and acquisitions—as long as insurance companies may increase their performance with the right balance of types of insurance offered and regions served. © 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
Dose intensification of methotrexate and cytarabine during intensified continuation chemotherapy for high-risk B-precursor acute lymphoblastic leukemia: POG 9406: a report from the Children's Oncology Group.

PURPOSE
To determine the efficacy and toxicity of higher dose versus standard dose intravenous methotrexate (MTX) and pulses of high-dose cytosine arabinoside with asparaginase versus standard dose cytosine arabinoside and teniposide during intensified continuation therapy for higher risk pediatric B-precursor acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL).


PATIENTS AND METHODS
From 1994 to 1999, the Pediatric Oncology Group conducted a randomized phase III clinical trial in higher risk pediatric B-precursor ALL. A total of 784 patients were randomized in a 2×2 factorial design to receive MTX 1 g/m versus 2.5 g/m and to cytosine arabinoside/teniposide versus high-dose cytosine arabinoside/asparaginase during intensified continuation therapy.


RESULTS
Patients receiving standard dose MTX had a 5-year disease-free survival (DFS) of 71.8±2.4%; patients receiving higher dose MTX had a 5-year DFS of 71.7±2.4% (P=0.55). Outcomes on cytosine arabinoside/teniposide (DFS of 70.4±2.4) were similar to higher dose cytosine arabinoside/asparaginase (DFS of 73.1±2.3%) (P=0.41). Overall survival rates were not different between MTX doses or cytosine arabinoside/teniposide versus cytosine arabinoside/asparaginase.


CONCLUSIONS
Increasing MTX dosing to 2.5 g/m did not improve outcomes in higher risk pediatric B-precursor ALL. Giving high-dose cytarabine and asparaginase pulses instead of standard dose cytarabine and teniposide produced nonsignificant differences in outcomes, allowing for teniposide to be removed from ALL therapy.
Remarks on the WDW equation

We show a kind of converse to some results of Hall and Reginatto on exact uncertainty related to the Schrödinger and Wheeler-deWitt equations. Some survey material on statistical geometrodynam-ics is also sketched.
Hepatitis B vaccine by intradermal route in non responder patients: an update.

Vaccination is the main prophylactic measure to reduce the mortality caused by hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection in healthy subjects since the immune response to hepatitis B recombinant vaccination occurs in over 90% of general population. Individuals who develop an anti-HBs titer less than 10 mIU/mL after primary vaccination cycle are defined "no responders". Many factors could cause a non response to the HBV vaccination, such as administration of the vaccine in buttocks, impaired vaccine storage conditions, drug abuse, smoking, infections and obesity. Moreover there are some diseases, like chronic kidney disease, human immunodeficiency virus infection, chronic liver disease, celiac disease, thalassaemia, type I diabetes mellitus, down's syndrome and other forms of mental retardation that are characterized by a poorer response to HBV vaccination than healthy subjects. To date it is still unclear how to treat this group of patients at high risk of hepatitis B infection. Recent studies seem to indicate that the administration of HBV recombinant vaccine by the intradermal route is very effective and could represent a more useful strategy than intramuscular route. This review focuses on the use of anti hepatitis B vaccine by intradermal route as alternative to conventional intramuscular vaccine in all non responder patients. A comprehensive review of the literature using PubMed database, with appropriate terms, was undertaken for articles in English published since 1983. The literature search was undertaken in September 2013.
A comparative study of different modalities of treatment in nicotine dependence syndrome.

UNLABELLED
There are different modalities for management of Nicotine dependence, but it is still inconclusive which is the best modality for the treatment of Nicotine dependence syndrome (NDS). In this background the present study was carried out to assess the efficacy and to compare different modalities for the treatment of NDS.


METHODS
Patients diagnosed as NDS as per ICD-10 were taken up for study. These patients were administered proforma to elicit sociodemographic details, Fagerstrom test for Nicotine Dependence, Questionnaire of Smoking Urges-Brief and breath analysis was done using carbon monoxide meter. Assessment was done at base line and at weekly follow-ups for 12 weeks. Patients were divided into six groups randomly. Group A received BUP at a dose of 150mg/day for 3 days; subsequently increased to 300mg/day, Group B: for initial 6 weeks Nicotine gum of 4mg every 1-2 hourly was used and next 6 weeks every 2-4 hourly was used, Group C: BI, Group D: BI+BUP, Group E: BI+NRT, Group F received BUP+NRT+BI.


RESULTS
The quit rates at end of the study were BUP-30%, NRT-26.66%, BI-23.33%, BI+BUP-43.33%, BI+NRT-33.33%, and BI+BUP+NRT-50%. BI+BUP+NRT had 2-3 times more quit rates than the individual modality treatment group.


CONCLUSION
There was no statistically significant difference between the study groups, but there was clinical difference in quit rates. Among the groups BI+BUP+NRT had higher quit rates compared to other groups. Combination modalities yield better quit rates than individual modalities.
Sulcus nervi dorsalis penis/clitoridis: anatomic structure and clinical significance.

OBJECTIVES
The aim of this study was to correlate the anatomic and clinical significance of the prepubic course of dorsal nerve of penis and its groove on the pubic bone from the perspective of the surgeon.


METHODS
The course of the dorsal nerve of the penis/clitoris was studied in six male and six female formalin-fixed cadavers. Several parameters of the pubis were quantified and analysed in 286 isolated pelvises.


RESULTS
The course of the dorsal nerve of the penis is described in detail. This pubic sulcus was present in a majority of the pelvises examined. The dorsal nerve of the penis filled this groove, which we term the "sulcus nervi dorsalis penis/clitoridis." In contrast, the dorsal nerve and artery of the clitoris coursed in this groove in women.


CONCLUSIONS
The course of dorsal nerve of the penis is described in detail including a previously unreported pubic structure-"sulcus nervi dorsalis penis/clitoridis." In the majority of individuals, the dorsal nerve of the penis/clitoris courses through the sulcus in the pubis. Based on the anatomy of the pelvic region, compression of the dorsal nerve is more apt to occur at the inferior border of the pubis or in the pubic sulcus than in the pudendal canal.
Design of UML Models and Their Simulation Using ARENA

While developing new business systems and reengineering already existing ones, many organizations use the Unified Modelling Language (UML) to design a system’s structure and describe system’s behaviour. In spite of describing system’s behaviour with the UML model, the model itself is static. UML does not provide a possibility of running the model and studying the system’s behaviour. In such a situation the necessity arises to simulate the UML model. To provide that possibility, the designed UML diagrams could be transformed into a simulation model to be run within a specialized simulation environment. The paper discusses a transformation of that kind using the Arena simulation environment. In order to design UML models, a meta-modelling approach is explored. Key-Words: Simulation, Arena, UML modelling, transformation of models, meta-model
A randomized controlled trial of multi-slice coronary computed tomography for evaluation of acute chest pain.

OBJECTIVES
This study sought to compare the safety, diagnostic efficacy, and efficiency of multi-slice computed tomography (MSCT) with standard diagnostic evaluation of low-risk acute chest pain patients.


BACKGROUND
Over 1 million patients have emergency center evaluations for acute chest pain annually, at an estimated diagnostic cost of over $10 billion. Multi-slice computed tomography has a high negative predictive value for exclusion of coronary artery stenoses.


METHODS
We randomized patients to MSCT (n = 99) versus SOC (n = 98) protocols. The MSCT patients with minimal disease were discharged; those with stenosis >70% underwent catheterization, whereas cases with intermediate lesions or non-diagnostic scans underwent stress testing. Outcomes included: safety (freedom from major adverse events over 6 months), diagnostic efficacy (clinically correct and definitive diagnosis), as well as time and cost of care.


RESULTS
Both approaches were completely (100%) safe. The MSCT alone immediately excluded or identified coronary disease as the source of chest pain in 75% of patients, including 67 with normal coronary arteries and 8 with severe disease referred for invasive evaluation. The remaining 25% of patients required stress testing, owing to intermediate severity lesions or non-diagnostic scans. During the index visit, MSCT evaluation reduced diagnostic time compared with SOC (3.4 h vs. 15.0 h, p < 0.001) and lowered costs (1,586 dollars vs. 1,872 dollars, p < 0.001). Importantly, MSCT patients required fewer repeat evaluations for recurrent chest pain (MSCT, 2 of 99 (2.0%) patients vs. SOC, 7 of 99 (7%) patients; p = 0.10).


CONCLUSIONS
Multi-slice computed tomographic coronary angiography can definitively establish or exclude coronary disease as the cause of chest pain. However, inability to determine the physiological significance of intermediate severity coronary lesions and cases with inadequate image quality are present limitations. (Study of Coronary Artery Computed Tomography to Diagnose Emergency Chest Pain CR; http://clinicaltrials.gov/ct/show/NCT00273832?order=1; NCT00273832).
Association between indices of obesity and fasting hyperglycemia in Taiwan

OBJECTIVE: To examine the association of body mass index (BMI), waist–hip ratio (WHR), and waist circumference (WC) with fasting hyperglycemia after adjustment for age, cigarette smoking, and alcohol use.DESIGN: A cross-sectional survey was conducted among individuals visiting four health-screening centers across Taiwan.SUBJECTS: A total of 61 568 subjects (28 734 men and 32 834 women) between 25 and 64 years of age were included. Fasting hyperglycemia was defined as fasting plasma glucose ≥6.1 mmol/l or current diagnosis and use of insulin or hypoglycemic agent.RESULTS: Fasting hyperglycemia was found in 11.0% of men and 8.3% of women. The factors significantly associated with fasting hyperglycemia in men were age, BMI, WHR, and heavy drinking, while for women these factors were age, educational level, BMI, WHR, and heavy smoking. For men, increased risk of fasting hyperglycemia started from age 30 to 34 years, BMI ≥25 kg/m2, and WHR ≥0.82. For women, increased risk of fasting hyperglycemia started from age 35 to 39 years, BMI ≥24 kg/m2, and WHR ≥0.74. WC lost its significance as a predictor of fasting hyperglycemia when WHR included in the model.CONCLUSION: This study found that central obesity and general obesity were both independently associated with increased risk of fasting hyperglycemia in Taiwanese. The relationship between fasting hyperglycemia and central fat accumulation (WHR) begins to appear at levels that would not be regarded as representing obesity in Western populations, suggesting the need to redefine cutoffs for central obesity in this population.
Mathematical Models of Avascular Tumor Growth

This review will outline a number of illustrative mathematical models describing the growth of avascular tumours. The aim of the review is to provide a relatively comprehensive list of existing models in this area and discuss several representative models in greater detail. In the latter part of the review, some possible future avenues of mathematical modelling of avascular tumour development are outlined together with a list of key
Detecting demeanor for healthcare with machine learning

This paper describes a new prototype system for detecting the demeanor of patients in emergency situations using the Intel RealSense camera system [1]. It describes how machine learning, a support vector machine (SVM) and the RealSense facial detection system can be used to track patient demeanour for pain monitoring. In a lab setting, the application has been trained to detect four different intensities of pain and provide demeanour information about the patient's eyes, mouth, and agitation state. Its utility as a basis for evaluating the condition of patients in situations using video, machine learning and 5G technology is discussed.
A case of cystic leiomyoma mimicking an ovarian malignancy.

INTRODUCTION
We report an unusual case of a large cystic, pedunculated uterine leiomyoma mimicking a primary malignant ovarian tumour on sonography and computed tomography (CT).


CLINICAL PICTURE
A 56-year-old post-menopausal woman presented with a right pelviabdominal mass. Sonography and CT examination showed a large extrauterine mass arising from the right adnexa and extending into the abdomen. The mass was predominantly cystic with a solid component at the periphery. A preoperative diagnosis of a primary malignant ovarian tumour was made.


TREATMENT
The patient underwent laparotomy. The large mass was found to arise from the uterine fundus; the ovary was not involved. The mass was resected, followed by total hysterectomy and bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy. Histology was that of a leiomyoma with extensive cystic degeneration.


OUTCOME
The patient made an uneventful recovery.


CONCLUSION
A pedunculated, subserosal uterine leiomyoma with extensive cystic degeneration can mimic an ovarian tumour on imaging and should be considered in the differential diagnosis of an adnexal mass.
Computer vision applied to super resolution

Super-resolution restoration aims to solve the following problem: given a set of observed images, estimate an image at a higher-resolution than is present in any of the individual images. Where the application of this technique differs in Computer Vision from other fields, is in the variety and severity of the registration transformation between the images. In particular this transformation is generally unknown, and a significant component of solving the superresolution problem in Computer Vision is the estimation of the transformation. The transformation may have a simple parametric form, or it may be scene dependent and have to be estimated for every point. In either case the transformation is estimated directly and automatically from the images. Computer Vision techniques applied to the superresolution problem have already yielded several successful products, including Cognitech’s “Video Investigator” software [1] and Salient Stills’ “Video Focus” [2]. In the latter case, for example, a high resolution still of a face, suitable for printing in a newspaper article, can be constructed from low resolution video news feed. The approach discussed in this article is outlined in figure 1. The input images are first mutually aligned onto a common reference frame. This alignment involves not only a geometric component, but also a photometric component, modelling illumination, gain or colour balance variations among the images. After alignment a composite image mosaic may be rendered and super-resolution restoration may be applied to any chosen region of interest. We shall describe the two key components which are necessary for successful super-resolution restoration : the accurate alignment or registration of the low-resolution images; and the formulation of a super-resolution estimator which utilizes a generative image model together with a prior model of the super-resolved image itself. As with many other problems in computer vision, these different aspects are tackled in a robust, statistical framework.
Mechanisms of vascular hyporesponsiveness in septic shock.

PURPOSE
To define some of the most common characteristics of vascular hyporesponsiveness to catecholamines during septic shock and outline current therapeutic approaches and future perspectives.


METHODS
Source data were obtained from a PubMed search of the medical literature with the following MeSH terms: Muscle, smooth, vascular/physiopathology; hypotension/etiology; shock/physiopathology; vasodilation/physiology; shock/therapy; vasoconstrictor agents.


RESULTS
NO and peroxynitrite are mainly responsible for vasoplegia and vascular hyporeactivity while COX 2 enzyme is responsible for the increase in PGI2, which also contributes to hyporeactivity. Moreover, K+ATP and BKCa channels are over-activated during septic shock and participate in hypotension. Finally, other mechanisms are involved in vascular hyporesponsiveness such as critical illness-related corticosteroid insufficiency, vasopressin depletion, dysfunction and desensitization of adrenoreceptors as well as inactivation of catecholamines by oxidation.


CONCLUSION
In animal models, several therapeutic approaches, targeted on one particular compound have proven their efficacy in preventing or reversing vascular hyporesponsiveness to catecholamines. Unfortunately, none have been successfully tested in clinical trials. Nevertheless, very high doses of catecholamines ( > 5 μg/kg/min), hydrocortisone, terlipressin or vasopressin could represent an alternative for the treatment of refractory septic shock.