LLukas22/scidocs huggingface dataset:
The lack of private capital in the Finnish fashion ecosystem - A case study of Finnish fashion start-ups and investors

Objectives: The Finnish fashion industry has not been able to produce competitive companies with strong global sales for decades. At the same time, neighboring countries Sweden and Denmark, with similar socio economic conditions than Finland, have been able to grow their fashion industry with many young brands. Although Finnish design in general is highly praised globally, and Helsinki was recently appointed as the World Design Capital, the lack of Finnish fashion in the international market is peculiar. A major reason for this odd situation is the lack of private money in the Finnish fashion ecosystem. The purpose of this study is to examine why the level of private investments in Finnish fashion industry is so scarce. Methodology: I selected a qualitative case study as the research method for this study. The empirical part of the thesis examines four Finnish fashion start-ups and four investors in the fashion industry. The focus is to explore how entrepreneurs and investors see a successful fashion start-up ought to be run, and what are the factors determining success in this industry. The cases in the study were examined using effectuation theory by Saras D. Sarasvathy to compare their decision making and thinking processes. Data was collected through semi-structured interviews with the selected fashion entrepreneurs and private investors. Results: The findings of the study indicate that Finnish fashion entrepreneurs are more prone to using effectual logic in business practices. On the other hand, private investors were identified to prefer more causal logic in solving similar business problems. Main differences between the two parties of the study were entrepreneurs‟ considerably lesser amount of planning and budgeting, investors‟ more commercial mindset in target setting, and the conflicting views on usage of trend analyses and customer feedback. These key strategic differences may explain why the fashion startups and investors do not seem to find mutual understanding in investment deals in Finland.
Quantitative evaluation of lower urinary tract symptoms using a visual analog scale in men undergoing permanent brachytherapy.

PURPOSE
A previous study showed that a visual analog scale (VAS) that measures quality of life (QOL) in relation to each of the seven items on the International Prostate Symptom Score (IPSS) was found to be significantly more able to identify a patient's chief complaint. The aim of this study was to assess the two questionnaires with special reference to the symptom that the patient most wants treated via the concomitant use of the IPSS and VAS after permanent brachytherapy (PBT).


METHODS AND MATERIALS
A total of 156 men undergoing PBT were enrolled. The IPSS and VAS were evaluated at the preimplantation stage and at 1-3 months, 6-9 months, and 1 year after PBT. The correlations between the IPSS-QOL score and the total for the 14 symptoms questions included in the IPSS and VAS were statistically calculated. Multivariate analysis was used to investigate which factors could be used to predict the IPSS-QOL after PBT.


RESULTS
The correlation coefficients between the IPSS-QOL score and the seven questions on the VAS were higher than those between the IPSS-QOL and the seven questions on the IPSS. Multivariate analysis showed that the strongest factor for determining IPSS-QOL at each time point was nocturia on the VAS.


CONCLUSIONS
The VAS scale reflected the change in the patients' QOL more precisely than the IPSS, which examines the frequency of lower urinary tract symptoms. Nocturia plays a key role in determining QOL. VAS could be a promising tool for assessing satisfaction in patients with lower urinary tract symptoms after PBT.
Pulmonary function testing in the diagnosis of asthma: a population study.

BACKGROUND
Asthma is a common chronic respiratory condition, the diagnosis of which depends on symptoms and objective evidence of variable airflow obstruction or airway hyperresponsiveness. The proportion of people who have had objective pulmonary function testing around the time of diagnosis and factors associated with receiving testing are not well understood.


METHODS
A retrospective cohort study was conducted using the health administrative data of all individuals aged 7 years and older with newly physician-diagnosed asthma living in Ontario, Canada between 1996 and 2007. Receipt of pulmonary function testing in the peridiagnostic period was determined and examined across patient sociodemographic and clinical factors.


RESULTS
Only 42.7% (95% CI, 42.6%-42.9%) of the 465,866 Ontarians newly diagnosed with asthma received pulmonary function testing between 1 year prior and 2.5 years following the time of diagnosis. In adjusted analyses, individuals 7 to 9 years old and those 70 years or older were less likely to receive testing than younger adults, individuals in the lowest neighborhood income quintile were less likely to receive testing than those in the highest, and individuals seeing a medical specialist were more likely to receive testing than those seeing only a general practitioner.


CONCLUSIONS
Less than one-half of patients with new physician-diagnosed asthma in Ontario, Canada received objective pulmonary function testing around the time of diagnosis. Further study is needed to determine why more pulmonary function testing is not being used to diagnose asthma and how barriers to its appropriate use can be overcome.
Bleeding gastric cancer in young and elderly patients


PURPOSE
This study tried to find the differences between gastric cancer in young and elderly, in addition through the importance of the presence of the upper gastrointestinal bleeding, with two examples of clinical cases.


METHODS
Two groups of patients divided by age were compared. The first group consisted of 13 cases of patients aged between 32 and 41, and the second consisted of 15 cases, aged 80 to 87 years. The variables considered were: sex, personal history and family history, onset-admission interval, number of days of hospitalization after surgery, the number of days until discharge, personal history/ family history, tumor location, admission diagnosis, intervention type, value hemoglobin on admission, the way externalizing hemorrhage appeared, stage, tumor type/ degree of differentiation of its kind lymph dissection, postoperative complications and deaths.


RESULTS
The interval from symptom onset to hospital admission was higher in young people with a greater weight loss and malignant ulcer history or upload family were smokers, but apparently with a lower complication rate. In the elderly, the anemic syndrome was the main event and the complications were more related to comorbidities.


CONCLUSIONS
Prolonged gastric distress in young patients, associated with smoking, personal history of ulcer and family history of neoplasia should guide the diagnosis to gastric cancer. Anemic syndrome in the elderly may be due to the gastric cancer, and complications are due to comorbidities.
Effect of combination glipizide GITS/metformin on fibrinolytic and metabolic parameters in poorly controlled type 2 diabetic subjects.

OBJECTIVE
Epidemiological studies have implicated increased plasminogen-activated inhibitor 1 (PAI-1) as a marker or predictor of accelerated coronary atherosclerotic disease in type 2 diabetes. We sought to determine whether metabolic control, independent of its oral mode of implementation, affects PAI-1 in patients with marked hyperglycemia.


RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS
A total of 91 subjects were screened, subjected to a 4-week drug washout, and randomized to daily treatment with glipizide GITS (maximum 20 mg, n = 46) or metformin (maximum 2,550 mg, n = 45) as monotherapy. After monotherapy, combination therapy was initiated by adding the second agent to the regimen. Plasma glucose (fasting and postprandial), HbA(1c), fructosamine, and PAI-1 were assayed before and after randomization and sequentially thereafter in all subjects; hepatic glucose output (HGO) and abdominal fat distribution were each measured in a subset of subjects.


RESULTS
Glycemic control was markedly impaired at baseline (mean HbA(1c) 10.4 +/- 0.2% glipizide GITS; 10.0 +/- 0.2% metformin) but improved comparably with each agent as monotherapy and in combination (P < 0.0001 vs. baseline), as assessed with meal tolerance studies, fructosamine values, and HGO. Body weight and abdominal fat distribution did not change significantly in either group. PAI-1 concentrations were extraordinarily high (5- to 10-fold more than normal) at baseline (202 +/- 12 ng/ml glipizide GITS; 201 +/- 13 ng/ml metformin) but declined comparably, and significantly, after treatment with either agent as monotherapy and decreased further with combination therapy.


CONCLUSIONS
When hyperglycemia is profound, increases in PAI-1 are also profound. Control of hyperglycemia with either glipizide GITS, an insulin secretagogue, or metformin as monotherapy comparably ameliorates elevated PAI-1.
TAM-based success modeling in ERP

The literature assumes that Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) systems are complex tools. Due to this complexity, ERP produce negative impacts on the users’ acceptation. However, few studies have tried to identify the factors that influence the ERP users’ acceptance. This paper’s aim is to focus on decisive factors influencing the ERP users’ acceptance and use. Specifically, the authors have developed a research model based on the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) for testing the influence of the Critical Success Factors (CSFs) on ERP implementation. The CSFs used are: (1) top management support, (2) communication, (3) cooperation, (4) training and (5) technological complexity. This research model has offered some evidence about main acceptance factors on ERP which help to set the users’ behavior toward ERP. 2008 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
FASHION MARKETING IN SOCIAL MEDIA : USING INSTAGRAM FOR FASHION BRANDING

Social media has become an important tool for the business of marketers. Increasing exposure and traffics are the main two benefits of social media marketing. Most marketers are using social media to develop loyal fans and gain marketplace intelligence. Marketers reported increased benefits across all categories since 2013 and trademarks increased the number of loyal fans and sales [1]. Therefore, 2013 was a significant year for social media. Feeling the power of Instagram may be one of the most interesting cases. Social media is an effective key for fashion brands as they allow them to communicate directly with their consumers, promote various events and initiatives, and build brand awareness. As the increasing use of visual info graphic and marketing practices in social media, trademarks has begun to show more interest in Instagram. There is also no language barriers in Instagram and provides visuals which are very crucial for fashion industry. The purpose of this study is to determine and contrast the content sharing types of 10 well-known fashion brands (5 Turkish brands and 5 international brands), and to explain their attitude in Instagram. Hence, the content of Instagram accounts of those brands were examined according to post type (photo/video), content type (9 elements), number of likes and reviews, photo type (amateur/professional), shooting place (studio/outdoor/shops/etc.), and brand comments on their posts. This study provides a snapshot of how fashion brands utilize Instagram in their efforts of marketing.
piggyBac transposition reprograms fibroblasts to induced pluripotent stem cells

Transgenic expression of just four defined transcription factors (c-Myc, Klf4, Oct4 and Sox2) is sufficient to reprogram somatic cells to a pluripotent state. The resulting induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells resemble embryonic stem cells in their properties and potential to differentiate into a spectrum of adult cell types. Current reprogramming strategies involve retroviral, lentiviral, adenoviral and plasmid transfection to deliver reprogramming factor transgenes. Although the latter two methods are transient and minimize the potential for insertion mutagenesis, they are currently limited by diminished reprogramming efficiencies. piggyBac (PB) transposition is host-factor independent, and has recently been demonstrated to be functional in various human and mouse cell lines. The PB transposon/transposase system requires only the inverted terminal repeats flanking a transgene and transient expression of the transposase enzyme to catalyse insertion or excision events. Here we demonstrate successful and efficient reprogramming of murine and human embryonic fibroblasts using doxycycline-inducible transcription factors delivered by PB transposition. Stable iPS cells thus generated express characteristic pluripotency markers and succeed in a series of rigorous differentiation assays. By taking advantage of the natural propensity of the PB system for seamless excision, we show that the individual PB insertions can be removed from established iPS cell lines, providing an invaluable tool for discovery. In addition, we have demonstrated the traceless removal of reprogramming factors joined with viral 2A sequences delivered by a single transposon from murine iPS lines. We anticipate that the unique properties of this virus-independent simplification of iPS cell production will accelerate this field further towards full exploration of the reprogramming process and future cell-based therapies.
A lifespan-aware reliability scheme for RAID-based flash storage

Due to the ever-growing capacity of flash memory along with its good properties such as low-power consumption and high performance, flash-based SSDs (solid state disks) are anticipated to be used in the storage of high-end server systems. However, the reliability problem of flash devices is becoming increasingly serious. The number of P/E (program/erase) cycles allowed to each flash block is too small, especially less than 10,000 for MLC (multi-level cell) flash memory. Furthermore, the bit error rate of flash memory becomes rapidly high as the number of P/E cycles increases. To relieve these problems, we present a lifespan-aware reliability scheme, which adopts RAID technologies together with ECCs (error correction codes). First, our scheme dynamically manages the size of striping group to cope with the increasing error rates of flash memory as the number of P/E cycles increases. Second, we use a device-aware log block mapping scheme, which uses different reliability policies for data blocks and log blocks by taking advantage of the characteristics of each block type. Third, we use small amount of storage class memory (SCM) to save parity blocks temporarily. By absorbing frequent updates of parity into SCM, we can extend the lifespan of flash memory. Simulation experiments show that our scheme obtains high reliability with minimum space overhead as well as improved I/O performances compared to traditional RAID-5.
Fermented cereal with specific bifidobacteria normalizes bowel movements in elderly nursing home residents. A randomized, controlled trial.

OBJECTIVE
To assess how fermented oat drink with two selected Bifidobacterium longum strains influences bowel movements among elderly nursing home residents.


DESIGN
A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial.


SETTING
12 wards in two nursing homes in Finland.


PARTICIPANTS
209 residents.


INTERVENTION
Wards were randomized to receive daily a fermented oat drink with 1) 109 CFU/day Bifidobacterium longum strains or 2) 109 CFU/day Bifidobacterium lactis Bb12 or 3) without viable bacteria (placebo) for 7 months.


MEASUREMENTS
Regularity of bowel movements (no movements or functioning) and consistency of stools (normal, soft or diarrhoea) were recorded for each resident on a daily basis.


RESULTS
The fermented oat drinks were well taken by the subjects, compliance being 85%. The groups receiving active products had more frequent bowel movements than did the placebo group (B. longum group normal functioning 28.5% of follow-up days, B.lactis group 26.9%, and placebo group 20.0%, respectively). The differences between the B. longum and the placebo group (mean 7.1, 95% CI 2.3 - 11.9, p=0.004) and between the B.lactis group and the placebo (mean 6.7, 95% CI 2.5 - 10.9, p = 0.002) were significant even when diarrhoea and constipation in the 3 months prior to the study were used as covariates.


CONCLUSIONS
It is possible to normalize bowel movements in frail nursing home.
Examination of blood–brain barrier (BBB) integrity in a mouse brain tumor model

The present study evaluates, both functionally and biochemically, brain tumor-induced alterations in brain capillary endothelial cells. Brain tumors were induced in Balb/c mice via intracranial injection of Lewis Lung carcinoma cells into the right hemisphere of the mouse brain using stereotaxic apparatus. Blood–brain barrier (BBB) permeability was assessed at various stages of tumor development, using both radiolabeled tracer permeability and magnetic resonance imaging with gadolinium diethylene-triamine-pentaacetate contrast enhancement (Gad-DTPA). The expression of the drug efflux transporter, P-glycoprotein (P-gp), in the BBB at various stages of tumor development was also evaluated by Western blot and immunohistochemistry. Median mouse survival following tumor cell injection was 17 days. The permeability of the BBB to 3H-mannitol was similar in both brain hemispheres at 7 and 10 days post-injection. By day 15, there was a twofold increase in 3H-mannitol permeability in the tumor bearing hemispheres compared to the non-tumor hemispheres. Examination of BBB permeability with Gad-DTPA contrast enhanced MRI indicated cerebral vascular permeability changes were confined to the tumor area. The permeability increase observed at the later stages of tumor development correlated with an increase in cerebral vascular volume suggesting angiogenesis within the tumor bearing hemisphere. Furthermore, the Gad-DPTA enhancement observed within the tumor area was significantly less than Gad-DPTA enhancement within the circumventricular organs not protected by the BBB. Expression of P-gp in both the tumor bearing and non-tumor bearing portions of the brain appeared similar at all time points examined. These studies suggest that although BBB integrity is altered within the tumor site at later stages of development, the BBB is still functional and limiting in terms of solute and drug permeability in and around the tumor.
Inverted Sine Carrier for Fundamental Fortification in PWM Inverters and FPGA Based Implementations

Abstract: This paper deals with a novel natural sampled pulse width modulation (PWM) switching strategy for voltage source inverter through carrier modification. The proposed inverted sine carrier PWM (ISCPWM) method, which uses the conventional sinusoidal reference signal and an inverted sine carrier, has a better spectral quality and a higher fundamental component compared to the conventional sinusoidal PWM (SPWM) without any pulse dropping. The ISCPWM strategy enhances the fundamental output voltage particularly at lower modulation index ranges while keeping the total harmonic distortion (THD) lower without involving changes in device switching losses. The presented mathematical preliminaries for both SPWM and ISCPWM give a conceptual understanding and a comparison of the strategies. The detailed comparison of the harmonic content and fundamental component of the ISCPWM output for different values of modulation index with the results obtained for the SPWM is also presented. Finally, the proposed modulator has been implemented in field programmable gate array (FPGAXilinx Spartan 3) and tested with the proto-type inverter.
Adapting RFID Technology for Implementation of a New Birth Record in Jordanian Hospitals

This paper introduces a new integrated clinical record in Jordan using the RFID technology, where currently no clinical report links antenatal, birth and postnatal care for women. As a result no continuity of information is provided to clinicians nor are there national statistics on trends, or performance of hospitals around birth. The paper is based on a study conducted in the Jordanian Ministry of Health, the maternity wards and registration departments of three hospitals in Jordan and in the Maternal Child Health Centers located near these hospitals [1]. Lack of active follow-up to ensure the best service for antenatal, birth and postnatal care for women is the main problem. An RFID model for managing the clinical record for maternal child was proposed. The model is valuable to policy makers and program implementers in strengthening implementation of programs and activities to improve maternal child care services. The statistics yielded from the proposed RFID model is of particular importance to help fulfill this need. The proposed maternal child management system is expected to control the health care cost, improve the care quality, and provide a comprehensive strategy for restructuring maternal child care delivery system.
Recommended Best Industrial Practice for Software Architecture Evaluation.

Architectural decisions have a great impact on the consequent quality of software systems. As a result, it is important to evaluate how a software architecture meets its quality demands. Though much focus has been placed on modeling and describing the software architecture as a design artifact, we found that relatively little is known about the current experience with software architecture evaluation. This report details the results of two workshops on software architecture evaluation, held at the Software Engineering Institute (SEI) on November 9-10, 1995 and May 9-10, 1996. The purpose of the workshops was to determine the state of industrial practice in the evaluation of software architectures with respect to a set of desired quality attributes, and to uncover recommendations for best practices. In this report, we summarize the findings of the two workshops, define a set of dimensions to characterize various software architecture evaluation techniques, and make concrete recommendations for implementing architecture evaluation practices.
The assessment of constipation in monosymptomatic primary nocturnal enuresis

Objective: Nocturnal enuresis and constipation are common pediatric problems. The aim of this study was to assess the incidence of constipation in children with or without monosymptomatic primary nocturnal enuresis.Methods: The study included 5350 children, ages 5–19 years, who were surveyed to detect the incidence of nocturnal enuresis. Of those surveyed, 679 (12.7%) had primary nocturnal enuresis. All children were questioned by mail with a standard form that addressed their micturition and defecation habits. The children those who had primary nocturnal enuresis were invited to the Pediatric Urology Section of the University Hospital. Of those 679 children, 125 kept that invitation. All 125 of those children underwent an abdominal ultrasound. Also, these children had serum creatinine levels drawn and plain abdominal films taken.Results: Constipation, defined as less than 3 bowel movements per week, was seen in 48 of 679 children with nocturnal enuresis (7.06%). Of those 4671 children without nocturnal enuresis, only 68 (1.45%) had constipation. The difference in constipation between the two groups was statistically significant (z = −9.251; p = 0.000). Of note, 10 of the 125 children (8%), evaluated at the hospital, had constipation. None of the children had an abnormal neurologic examination. Finally, faecal loading was detected on the plain films of 8 of the 125 children evaluated, 7 of who had constipation. The sensitivity of grading plain films for faecal loading to denote constipation in this population was 87.5%.Conclusions: Children with primary nocturnal enuresis should be thoroughly assessed for coexisting constipation.