LLukas22/scidocs huggingface dataset:
Radiotherapy for parotid cancer

Background: Parotid malignancies represent a heterogeneous group of tumors primarily managed by surgical extirpation. Moderately high recurrence rates are seen after surgery alone, and postoperative radiotherapy has been used for patients with higher risks for local failure. Methods: To assess the role of radiotherapy in the management of patients with malignant tumors of the parotid gland, the records of 68 patients receiving megavoltage therapy at our institution from 1966 to 1989 were reviewed. Patients were placed into three groups for analyses. Group I was composed of 41 patients receiving radiotherapy following total gross removal of parotid cancer by surgical procedures, varying from excisional biopsy through total parotidectomy. Radiation dose for this group ranged from 4,995 to 6,500 cGy. Group II was composed of 10 patients treated with radiotherapy after incisional biopsy or excision with positive margins. These patients received radiation doses of 4,000–9,470 cGy. Group III was composed of 17 patients receiving radiotherapy for a postsurgical local recurrence. Their radiation dose ranged from 4,300 to 8,400 cGy. Results: Two of the 41 patients from group I developed a local recurrence. Two of these patients also developed distant metastases, one concurrent. Two of 10 group II patients failed locally, whereas three developed distant metastases. Only nine of the 17 patients in group III were controlled locally, and four patients developed distant dissemination. Conclusion: Total gross excision of parotid cancer, sparing facial nerve if possible and followed by regional radiotherapy, provides excellent rates of local control and survival with modest toxicity. Patients presenting postoperatively with gross residual tumor or recurrence after surgery should be considered for trials of more aggressive treatment with combined chemotherapy or altered fractionation schemes of irradiation.
Iterative Hard Thresholding for Compressed Sensing

Compressed sensing is a technique to sample compressible signals below the Nyquist rate, whilst still allowing near optimal reconstruction of the signal. In this paper we present a theoretical analysis of the iterative hard thresholding algorithm when applied to the compressed sensing recovery problem. We show that the algorithm has the following properties (made more precise in the main text of the paper) • It gives near-optimal error guarantees. • It is robust to observation noise. • It succeeds with a minimum number of observations. • It can be used with any sampling operator for which the operator and its adjoint can be computed. • The memory requirement is linear in the problem size. Preprint submitted to Elsevier 28 January 2009 • Its computational complexity per iteration is of the same order as the application of the measurement operator or its adjoint. • It requires a fixed number of iterations depending only on the logarithm of a form of signal to noise ratio of the signal. • Its performance guarantees are uniform in that they only depend on properties of the sampling operator and signal sparsity.
Handwriting Proficiency Screening Questionnaire for Children (HPSQ-C): Development, Reliability, and Validity.

OBJECTIVE
To adapt the Handwriting Proficiency Screening Questionnaire (HPSQ), previously designated for adults, into a children's self-report version (the HPSQ for Children, or HPSQ-C) and to examine its reliability and validity.


METHOD
Participants included 230 children ages 7-14 yr from regular schools in Israel. The questionnaire's content validity, internal consistency, and concurrent and construct validity were assessed.


RESULTS
The tool demonstrated good internal consistency (α=.77). We found a significant moderate correlation between final HPSQ-C scores and the HPSQ, r=.51, p<.001, establishing the HPSQ-C's concurrent validity. Construct validity was also confirmed. Results demonstrated that the HPSQ-C significantly distinguished between children with and without handwriting deficiencies on the basis of measures of handwriting product (Hebrew Handwriting Evaluation) and handwriting process (Computerized Penmanship Evaluation Tool).


CONCLUSION
The HPSQ-C is suitable for identification of handwriting deficiency among school-aged children and is appropriate for varied academic and clinical uses.
Depression or menopause? Presentation and management of major depressive disorder in perimenopausal and postmenopausal women.

OBJECTIVE
The purpose of this review was to examine the risk of depression onset in perimenopausal and postmenopausal women, discuss the importance and rationale for screening for major depressive disorder (MDD) in women in the menopausal transition, and review therapeutic options for management of MDD in perimenopausal and postmenopausal women.


DATA SOURCES
PubMed was searched (1970 to 2008) using combinations of the following terms: major depressive disorder, perimenopause, postmenopause, mood disorder, risk factors, reproductive period, family practice, differential diagnosis, hormone, estrogen replacement therapy, reuptake inhibitors, and neurotransmitter.


STUDY SELECTION
All relevant articles identified via the search terms reporting original data and published in English were considered for inclusion. Twenty-two cross-sectional and longitudinal studies were utilized to evaluate the relationship between the menopausal transition and risk of mood disorders and to formulate recommendations for screening and management of MDD in perimenopausal and postmenopausal women.


DATA EXTRACTION
RESEARCH STUDIES UTILIZED THE FOLLOWING MEASURES: postal questionnaires, Women's Health Questionnaire, Beck Depression Inventory, Center for Epidemiologic Studies-Depression scale, Modified Menopause Symptom Inventory, 12-item symptom questionnaire, or Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV.


DATA SYNTHESIS
Menopause is a normal, and for most women largely uneventful, part of life. For some women, however, the menopausal transition is a period of biologic vulnerability with noticeable physiologic, psychological, and somatic symptoms. The perimenopausal period is associated with a higher vulnerability for depression, with risk rising from early to late perimenopause and decreasing during postmenopause. Women with a history of depression are up to 5 times more likely to have a MDD diagnosis during this time period.


CONCLUSIONS
Routine screening of this at-risk population followed by careful assessment for depressive symptoms can help identify the presence of MDD in the menopausal transition. Recognition of menopausal symptoms, with or without depression, is important given their potential impact on quality of life.
Конструирование дискурса воображаемого сообщества в современной философии

The basic representations construct " an imagined community " in structures selfdefinition discoursing of contemporary social philosophy are considered.
A strategic assessment of unsafe abortion in Malawi.

As part of efforts to achieve Millennium Development Goal 5--to reduce maternal mortality by 75% and achieve universal access to reproductive health by 2015--the Malawi Ministry of Health conducted a strategic assessment of unsafe abortion in Malawi. This paper describes the findings of the assessment, including a human rights-based review of Malawi's laws, policies and international agreements relating to sexual and reproductive health and data from 485 in-depth interviews about sexual and reproductive health, maternal mortality and unsafe abortion, conducted with Malawians from all parts of the country and social strata. Consensus recommendations to address the issue of unsafe abortion were developed by a broad base of local and international stakeholders during a national dissemination meeting. Malawi's restrictive abortion law, inaccessibility of safe abortion services, particularly for poor and young women, and lack of adequate family planning, youth-friendly and post-abortion care services were the most important barriers. The consensus reached was that to make abortion safe in Malawi, there were four areas for urgent action--abortion law reform; sexuality education and family planning; adolescent sexual and reproductive health services; and post-abortion care services.
Unilateral winged scapula: Clinical and electrodiagnostic experience with 128 cases, with special attention to long thoracic nerve palsy.

INTRODUCTION
In this study we report a large series of patients with unilateral winged scapula (WS), with special attention to long thoracic nerve (LTN) palsy.


METHODS
Clinical and electrodiagnostic data were collected from 128 patients over a 25-year period.


RESULTS
Causes of unilateral WS were LTN palsy (n = 70), spinal accessory nerve (SAN) palsy (n = 39), both LTN and SAN palsy (n = 5), facioscapulohumeral dystrophy (FSH) (n = 5), orthopedic causes (n = 11), voluntary WS (n = 6), and no definite cause (n = 2). LTN palsy was related to neuralgic amyotrophy (NA) in 61 patients and involved the right side in 62 patients.


DISCUSSION
Clinical data allow for identifying 2 main clinical patterns for LTN and SAN palsy. Electrodiagnostic examination should consider bilateral nerve conduction studies of the LTN and SAN, and needle electromyography of their target muscles. LTN palsy is the most frequent cause of unilateral WS and is usually related to NA. Voluntary WS and FSH must be considered in young patients. Muscle Nerve 57: 913-920, 2018.
The Need for a New Parameter on PV Modules Datasheet: Shading Tolerability

This paper suggests a measurable parameter, the so-called Shading Tolerability (ST), to be added on PV modules datasheet. Using this parameter, PV modules can be compared and classified regarding the ability to oppose shading effects. The parameter is extracted based on mathematical and probability analysis, then measured using a Large Area Steady State Solar (LASSS) simulator. Outdoor measurements proved a correlation between ST and Performance Ratio (PR) of PV modules. ST was also found to be independent of the ambient temperature, which indicates that it is a characteristic parameter of a PV module. Finally, a selection map for PV module installation at different climate conditions based on ST and temperature coefficient for maximum power ($\gamma$)is presented.
HEART RATE MEASUREMENT FROM THE FINGER USING A LOW-COST MICROCONTROLLER

This paper describes the design of a simple, low-cost microcontroller based heart rate measuring device with LCD output. Heart rate of the subject is measured from the finger using optical sensors and the rate is then averaged and displayed on a text based LCD.
Photoselective vaporization of the prostate: initial experience with a new 80 W KTP laser for the treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia.

PURPOSE
To study the safety and efficacy of a new high-power potassium-titanyl-phosphate laser (KTP/532; Niagara PV trade mark laser system; Laserscope, San Jose, CA) for transurethral photoselective vaporization of benign obstructive prostate tissue.


PATIENTS AND METHODS
The KTP/532 laser energy at 80 W was delivered by a 6F side-firing fiber through a 23F continuous-flow cystoscope. Photoselective vaporization of the prostate (PVP) using sterile water irrigation was performed under spinal anesthesia on an outpatient basis in 10 patients with a preoperative mean prostate volume of 41.37 +/- 18.5 cc (range 24-76.3 cc). The mean lasing time was 19.8 +/- 4.9 minutes.


RESULTS
Two patients experienced 1 to 7 days of mild dysuria, and one who was taking warfarin had mild transient hematuria, but none had urinary retention or other complications. The mean catheterization time was 17.2 +/- 9.6 hours (range 0-28 hours). At 1 year, the outcomes, which had showed significant improvement sustained throughout the follow-up, were as follows: mean American Urological Association Symptom Score decreased from 23.2 +/- 4.7 to 2.6 +/- 0.5 (88.8%), the mean quality of life score improved from 4.3 +/- 0.7 to 0.4 +/- 0.5 (90.7%), the mean peak urinary flow rate increased from 10.3 +/- 1.4 mL/sec to 30.7 +/- 5.8 mL/sec (198.1%), and the mean postvoiding residual volume decreased from 137.6 +/- 112.2 mL to 3.0 +/- 4.8 mL (97.8%). The mean prostate volume decreased by 27%.


CONCLUSIONS
This pilot study indicates that PVP with the new 80 W KTP/532 laser is a simple, safe, and efficacious outpatient procedure for the treatment of obstructive BPH.
Malignant Narcissism: from fairy tales to harsh reality.

INTRODUCTION
Malignant Narcissism has been recognized as a serious condition but it has been largely ignored in psychiatric literature and research. In order to bring this subject to the attention of mental health professionals, this paper presents a contemporary synthesis of the biopsychosocial dynamics and recommendations for treatment of Malignant Narcissism.


METHODS
We reviewed the literature on Malignant Narcissism which was sparse. It was first described in psychiatry by Otto Kernberg in 1984. There have been few contributions to the literature since that time. We discovered that the syndrome of Malignant Narcissism was expressed in fairy tales as a part of the collective unconscious long before it was recognized by psychiatry. We searched for prominent malignant narcissists in recent history. We reviewed the literature on treatment and developed categories for family assessment.


RESULTS
Malignant Narcissism is described as a core Narcissistic personality disorder, antisocial behavior, ego-syntonic sadism, and a paranoid orientation. There is no structured interview or self-report measure that identifies Malignant Narcissism and this interferes with research, clinical diagnosis and treatment. This paper presents a synthesis of current knowledge about Malignant Narcissism and proposes a foundation for treatment.


CONCLUSIONS
Malignant Narcissism is a severe personality disorder that has devastating consequences for the family and society. It requires attention within the discipline of psychiatry and the social science community. We recommend treatment in a therapeutic community and a program of prevention that is focused on psychoeducation, not only in mental health professionals, but in the wider social community.
B-type natriuretic peptide predicts future cardiac events in patients presenting to the emergency department with dyspnea.

STUDY OBJECTIVE
B-Type natriuretic peptide (BNP) is a neurohormone secreted from the cardiac ventricles in response to volume expansion and pressure overload. We have recently demonstrated that BNP can differentiate congestive heart failure (CHF) from other causes of dyspnea in patients presenting to the emergency department. In this study, we assess whether BNP levels drawn in patients presenting with dyspnea to the ED were a predictor of future cardiac events.


METHODS
In 325 patients presenting with dyspnea to the ED, BNP levels were determined. Patients were then followed up for 6 months to determine the following end points: death (cardiac and noncardiac), hospital admissions (cardiac), and repeat ED visits for CHF. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves, relative risks (RRs), and Kaplan-Meier plots were used to assess the ability of BNP levels to predict future cardiac events.


RESULTS
The area under the ROC curve using BNP to detect a CHF end point-a CHF death, hospital admission, or repeat ED visit-was 0.870 (95% confidence interval [CI] 0.826 to 0.915). A BNP value of 480 pg/mL had a sensitivity of 68%, specificity of 88%, and an accuracy of 85% for predicting a subsequent CHF end point. The area under the ROC curve using BNP to detect death from CHF was 0.881 (95% CI 0.807 to 0.954) and for any cardiac death was 0.877 (95% CI 0.822 to 0.933). BNP was not associated with death from noncardiac causes. Using Kaplan-Meier plots for all CHF events, rising BNP levels were associated with a progressively worse prognosis. Patients with BNP levels more than 480 pg/mL had a 51% 6-month cumulative probability of a CHF event. Alternatively, patients with BNP levels less than 230 pg/mL had an excellent prognosis with only 2.5% incidence of CHF end points. The RR of 6-month CHF death in patients with BNP levels more than 230 pg/mL was 24.1. The RR of 6-month noncardiac death with BNP levels more than 230 pg/mL was 1.1. BNP levels were also predictive of CHF events in subsets of patients with positive CHF histories and ED diagnoses.


CONCLUSION
In this study population, BNP levels measured in patients presenting with dyspnea to the ED are highly predictive of cardiac events over the next 6 months.
Who wrote Shamela? Verifying the Authorship of a Parodic Text

Imitative texts of high quality are of some importance to students of attribution, especially those who use computational methods. The authorship of such texts is always likely to be difficult to demonstrate. In some cases, the identity of the author is a question of interest to literary scholars. Even when that is not so, students of attribution face a challenge. If we cannot distinguish between original and imitation in such cases, we must always concede that an imitator may have been at work. Shamela (1741) has always been regarded as a brilliant parody. When it is subjected to our standard common-words tests of authorship, it yields mixed results. A new procedure, in which special word-lists are established according to a predetermined set of rules, proves more effective. It needs, however, to be tried in other cases. ..................................................................................................................................
Quality of life and mental health in cervical and endometrial cancer survivors.

OBJECTIVES
The goal of this study was to examine quality of life and mood in long-term survivors of cervical and endometrial cancer. Relationships of quality of life and mood with demographic and disease factors were also investigated.


METHODS
One-hundred fifty-two survivors of cervical or endometrial cancer diagnosed and treated 5-20 years ago at the University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics participated. Eighty-nine healthy controls were recruited from a hospital gynecology clinic. Quality of life, mood, and demographics were assessed by questionnaires. Disease characteristics of cancer survivors were abstracted from medical records.


RESULTS
There were no significant differences in quality of life or depressive symptoms between the three groups. Cervical cancer survivors reported significantly more anxiety than endometrial cancer survivors, and more dysphoria, anger, and confusion than either endometrial cancer survivors or healthy controls. Greater depression and mood disturbance were reported by unemployed and unmarried cancer survivors. Treatment modality, stage of disease, and length of time since diagnosis were not related to quality of life or mood.


CONCLUSIONS
Quality of life in cervical and endometrial cancer survivors approximates that of healthy controls by 5 years post-diagnosis. However, cervical cancer survivors report more negative mood than survivors of endometrial cancer or healthy controls. Cancer survivors who are unemployed or living alone may be especially at risk for mood and mental health difficulties.
Work‐life balance in times of economic crisis and austerity

Purpose – The purpose of this editorial is to provide an overview of the wider debates concerning the evolution of work‐life balance practice and policy since the onset of the “Great Recession” of 2008 and to draw out some comparisons of the issues raised by the papers in the special issue by focusing particularly on the example of the UK.Design/methodology/approach – The editorial analyses how the direction and pace of changes in work‐life balance practice and policy varies between different national contexts and welfare regimes and also asks whether, within the same national context, the changes taking place are always consistent.Findings – The special issue draws together an international overview of work‐life balance measures which focuses particularly on measures for fathers, an EU‐wide analysis of the use of flexible employment and its relationship with work‐family conflict and a number of specific country case studies from Southern Europe where recession has been particularly severe (Spain and Ital...
Anterior cervical discectomy with fusion in patients with cervical disc degeneration: a prospective outcome study of 258 patients (181 fused with autologous bone graft and 77 fused with a PEEK cage)

BACKGROUND
Anterior cervical discectomy with fusion (ACDF) is challenging with respect to both patient selection and choice of surgical procedure. The aim of this study was to evaluate the clinical outcome of ACDF, with respect to both patient selection and choice of surgical procedure: fusion with an autologous iliac crest graft (AICG) versus fusion with an artificial cage made of polyetheretherketone (PEEK).


METHODS
This was a non-randomized prospective single-center outcome study of 258 patients who underwent ACDF for cervical disc degeneration (CDD). Fusion was attained with either tricortical AICG or PEEK cages without additional anterior plating, with treatment selected at surgeon's discretion. Radicular pain, neck-pain, headache and patient satisfaction with the treatment were scored using the visual analogue scale (VAS).


RESULTS
The median age was 47.5 (28.3-82.8) years, and 44% of patients were female. 59% had single-level ACDF, 40% had two level ACDF and 1% had three-level ACDF. Of the patients, 181 were fused with AICG and 77 with a PEEK-cage. After surgery, the patients showed a significant reduction in radicular pain (DeltaVAS = 3.05), neck pain (DeltaVAS = 2.30) and headache (DeltaVAS = 0.55). Six months after surgery, 48% of patients had returned to work: however 24% were still receiving workers' compensation.Using univariate and multivariate analyses we found that high preoperative pain intensity was significantly associated with a decrease in pain intensity after surgery, for all three pain categories. There were no significant correlations between pain relief and the following patient characteristics: fusion method (AICG or PEEK-cage), sex, age, number of levels fused, disc level fused, previous neck surgery (except for neck pain), previous neck trauma, or preoperative symptom duration. Two hundred out of the 256 (78%) patients evaluated the surgical result as successful. Only 27/256 (11%) classified the surgical result as a failure. Patient satisfaction was significantly associated with pain relief after surgery.


CONCLUSIONS
ACDF is an effective treatment for radicular pain in selected patients with CDD after six months follow up. Because of similar clinical outcomes and lack of donor site morbidity when using PEEK, we now prefer fusion with PEEK cage to AICG. Lengthy symptom duration was not a negative prognostic marker in our patient population. The number of patients who returned to work 6 months after surgery was lower than expected.
Quantum Information Theory

We survey the field of quantum information theory. In particular, we discuss the fundamentals of the field, source coding, quantum error-correcting codes, capacities of quantum channels, measures of entanglement, and quantum cryptography.