LLukas22/scidocs huggingface dataset:
Discrimination of breast cancer by anti-malignin antibody serum test in women undergoing biopsy.

PURPOSE
The anti-malignin antibody serum (AMAS) test (Oncolab, Boston, MA) has been reported as 97% sensitive and 95% specific for malignancies. To objectively assess accuracy of this test for discrimination of breast cancer, we studied a series of women undergoing core breast biopsy.


SUBJECTS AND METHODS
Seventy-one core-needle breast biopsies were classified as malignant, suspicious, or benign by two independent pathologists blinded to AMAS results. Corresponding sera were read as AMAS positive, negative, or borderline by criteria used by Oncolab and also using criteria derived from receiver-operator curves based on values for slow (S-tag), fast (F-tag), and their difference (Net-tag) antibody reported by Oncolab. We calculated sensitivity and specificity and analyzed distributions by Fisher's exact test.


RESULTS
Biopsies were read as 42 (59%) benign, 12 (17%) suspicious, and 17 (24%) malignant. By Oncolab criteria, sensitivity (59%) and specificity (62%) were maximized by pooling suspicious with malignant and AMAS borderline with positive (P = 0.098). Receiver-operator curves showed best sensitivity (62%) and specificity (69%) for the criterion AMAS positive if Net-Tag > 135 microg/mL or S-Tag > 220 microg/mL (P = 0.015).


CONCLUSIONS
The AMAS test discriminates suspicious and malignant from benign lesions, but sensitivity is insufficient to identify patients to be spared biopsy and false-positive rates are too high for population screening.
Spectral Based Ink Selection for Multiple-Ink Printing II. Optimal Ink Selection

An algorithm is described to select a set of six inks from a given ink database for a spectral-based six-color printing system which minimizes metamerism. Since there are C(n, 6) ink combinations for an ink database containing n inks, the number of ink combinations is a geometric figure when n is large. There are obviously impossible ink combinations which can be removed analytically. Vector correlation analysis is first employed to remove the infeasible combinations. Utilizing the statistical primaries of a given spectral image requiring reproduction as the basis information, the ink-selection algorithm then searches for similar inks through a given ink database to obtain a few highest correlated inks for each statistical primary. Second, the ink-selection algorithm estimates the colorimetric and spectral accuracy of candidate ink sets in an empirically derived color mixing space which approximates the color formation of a halftone printing process. The candidate ink set with the highest spectral accuracy will be designated as the optimal ink set for a six color printing process thereby achieving the least metameric color reproduction.
MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF FLY ASH REINFORCED ALUMINIUM ALLOY (Al6061) COMPOSITES

The results of an experimental investigation of the mechanical properties of fly ash reinforced aluminium alloy (Al 6061) composites samples, processed by stir casting route are reported in this paper. Three sets of composites with fly ash particle sizes of 4-25, 45-50 and 75-100 μm were used. The particle size ranges chosen as the said particle sizes were available more by weight fraction when sieve analysis was conducted on the sample collected for experiments and also the ones for which results are not reported. Each set had three types of composite samples with the reinforcement weight fractions of 10, 15 and 20%. The mechanical properties studied were the tensile strength, compressive strength, ductility and hardness. Unreinforced Al6061 samples were also tested for the same properties. It was found that the tensile strength, compressive strength and hardness of the aluminium alloy (Al 6061) composites decreased with the increase in particle size of reinforced fly ash. Increase in the weight fractions of the fly ash particles increases the ultimate tensile strength, compressive strength, hardness and decreases the ductility of the composite. The scanning electron micrographs of the samples indicated uniform distribution of the fly ash particles in the matrix without any voids.
Ligero: Lightweight Sublinear Arguments Without a Trusted Setup

We design and implement a simple zero-knowledge argument protocol for NP whose communication complexity is proportional to the square-root of the verification circuit size. The protocol can be based on any collision-resistant hash function. Alternatively, it can be made non-interactive in the random oracle model, yielding concretely efficient zk-SNARKs that do not require a trusted setup or public-key cryptography.
 Our protocol is attractive not only for very large verification circuits but also for moderately large circuits that arise in applications. For instance, for verifying a SHA-256 preimage in zero-knowledge with 2-40 soundness error, the communication complexity is roughly 44KB (or less than 34KB under a plausible conjecture), the prover running time is 140 ms, and the verifier running time is 62 ms. This proof is roughly 4 times shorter than a similar proof of ZKB++ (Chase et al., CCS 2017), an optimized variant of ZKBoo (Giacomelli et al., USENIX 2016).
 The communication complexity of our protocol is independent of the circuit structure and depends only on the number of gates. For 2-40 soundness error, the communication becomes smaller than the circuit size for circuits containing roughly 3 million gates or more. Our efficiency advantages become even bigger in an amortized setting, where several instances need to be proven simultaneously.
 Our zero-knowledge protocol is obtained by applying an optimized version of the general transformation of Ishai et al. (STOC 2007) to a variant of the protocol for secure multiparty computation of Damgard and Ishai (Crypto 2006). It can be viewed as a simple zero-knowledge interactive PCP based on "interleaved" Reed-Solomon codes.
Open Problems in Spectral Dimensionality Reduction

A brief introduction to dimensionality reduction and manifold learning is provided and supported by a visual example. The goals of the book and its place in the literature is given, while the chapter is concluded by an outline of the remainder of the book.
A randomized controlled trial of sequentially bilateral prefrontal cortex repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation in the treatment of negative symptoms in schizophrenia

BACKGROUND
Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) has been investigated for its treatment efficacy for the negative symptoms of schizophrenia. Previous studies have targeted the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC), which is associated with the pathophysiology of this disorder. Several rTMS parameters have been explored in the treatment of negative symptoms and include stimulating the left and bilateral DLPFC at several different frequencies and number of sessions. Results of such studies have been inconsistent, while high-frequency rTMS has shown greatest promise.


OBJECTIVE/HYPOTHESIS
The objective of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of bilateral high-frequency rTMS in the treatment of negative symptoms in schizophrenia. It was hypothesized rTMS would alleviate negative symptoms in schizophrenia.


METHODS
Twenty-five patients were enrolled in this double-blind placebo-controlled randomized trial. Bilateral 20 Hz rTMS was MRI-targeted to the DLPFC at 90% RMT administered daily for 4 weeks for a total of 20 treatments. Negative symptoms were assessed with the Scale for the Assessment of Negative Symptoms (SANS), the Positive and Negative symptom scale (PANSS), and controlling for depression as measured with the Calgary Depression Scale (CDS) at baseline, 1, 2, 3, 4, and 2 weeks after the treatment course.


RESULTS
No significant group or time differences were found on negative symptoms or depressive symptoms after rTMS. Bilateral high-frequency rTMS did not alleviate negative symptoms in patients with schizophrenia.


CONCLUSIONS
These findings indicate that such symptoms are unresponsive to rTMS treatment or that more optimized parameters are needed to achieve improved therapeutic efficacy.
Design of Axial Flux Permanent Magnet Brushless DC Motor for Direct Drive of Electric Vehicle

Major car manufacturers such as Toyota, Honda, Ford and Hyundai are engaged in serious research, development and manufacture of hybrid electric vehicles in order to promote fuel efficient and environmentally friendly cars. Electric motor is one of the major energy consuming parts in a hybrid electric vehicle. Other than the requirement to should have high efficiency irrespective of driving conditions, the electric motor must also have high torque density and compact design. This paper presents the design of an electric motor for the direct drive of electric vehicle. A permanent magnet motor was designed in the form of an axial flux inner stator-non slot type. Preliminary design for a motor with 16 rotor poles was chosen in order to achieve high torque density and stable rotation at low speed. The motor design was simulated by using Ansoft Maxwell3D electromagnetic simulation finite element method (FEM) software to get certain parameters. The motor was fabricated and constructed on a test-bed. Data from the experimental tests were obtained and the results were compared to the simulation results.
RNAi-based treatment of chronically infected patients and chimpanzees reveals that integrated hepatitis B virus DNA is a source of HBsAg

Chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is a major health concern worldwide, frequently leading to liver cirrhosis, liver failure, and hepatocellular carcinoma. Evidence suggests that high viral antigen load may play a role in chronicity. Production of viral proteins is thought to depend on transcription of viral covalently closed circular DNA (cccDNA). In a human clinical trial with an RNA interference (RNAi)–based therapeutic targeting HBV transcripts, ARC-520, HBV S antigen (HBsAg) was strongly reduced in treatment-naïve patients positive for HBV e antigen (HBeAg) but was reduced significantly less in patients who were HBeAg-negative or had received long-term therapy with nucleos(t)ide viral replication inhibitors (NUCs). HBeAg positivity is associated with greater disease risk that may be moderately reduced upon HBeAg loss. The molecular basis for this unexpected differential response was investigated in chimpanzees chronically infected with HBV. Several lines of evidence demonstrated that HBsAg was expressed not only from the episomal cccDNA minichromosome but also from transcripts arising from HBV DNA integrated into the host genome, which was the dominant source in HBeAg-negative chimpanzees. Many of the integrants detected in chimpanzees lacked target sites for the small interfering RNAs in ARC-520, explaining the reduced response in HBeAg-negative chimpanzees and, by extension, in HBeAg-negative patients. Our results uncover a heretofore underrecognized source of HBsAg that may represent a strategy adopted by HBV to maintain chronicity in the presence of host immunosurveillance. These results could alter trial design and endpoint expectations of new therapies for chronic HBV.
Continuous renal replacement therapy improves renal recovery from acute renal failure.

BACKGROUND
Acute renal failure (ARF) occurs in up to 10% of critically ill patients, with significant associated morbidity and mortality. The optimal mode of renal replacement therapy (RRT) remains controversial. This retrospective study compared continuous renal replacement therapy (CRRT) and intermittent hemodialysis (IHD) for RRT in terms of intensive care unit (ICU) and hospital mortality, and renal recovery.


METHODS
We reviewed the records of all patients undergoing RRT for the treatment of ARF over a 12-month period. Patients were compared according to mode of RRT, demographics, physiologic characteristics, and outcomes of ICU and hospital mortality and renal recovery using the Chi square, Student's t test, and multiple logistic regression as appropriate.


RESULTS
116 patients with renal insufficiency underwent RRT during the study period. Of these, 93 had ARF. The severity of illness of CRRT patients was similar to that of IHD patients using APACHE II (25.1 vs 23.5, P = 0.37), but they required significantly more intensive nursing (therapeutic intervention scale 47.8 vs 37.6, P = 0.0001). Mortality was associated with lower pH at presentation (P = 0.003) and increasing age (P = 0.03). Renal recovery was significantly more frequent among patients initially treated with CRRT (21/24 vs 5/14, P = 0.0003). Further investigation to define optimal timing, dose, and duration of RRT may be beneficial.


CONCLUSIONS
Although further study is needed, this study suggests that renal recovery may be better after CRRT than IHD for ARF. Mortality was not affected significantly by RRT mode.
Estimating Position of Mobile Robots From Omnidirectional Vision Using an Adaptive Algorithm

This paper presents a novel and simple adaptive algorithm for estimating the position of a mobile robot with high accuracy in an unknown and unstructured environment by fusing images of an omnidirectional vision system with measurements of odometry and inertial sensors. Based on a new derivation where the omnidirectional projection can be linearly parameterized by the positions of the robot and natural feature points, we propose a novel adaptive algorithm, which is similar to the Slotine-Li algorithm in model-based adaptive control, to estimate the robot's position by using the tracked feature points in image sequence, the robot's velocity, and orientation angles measured by odometry and inertial sensors. It is proved that the adaptive algorithm leads to global exponential convergence of the position estimation errors to zero. Simulations and real-world experiments are performed to demonstrate the performance of the proposed algorithm.
Almost Halfway There: An Analysis of the Open Access Behaviors of Academic Librarians

Holly Mercer is Head of Digital Services & Scholarly Communication in the Sterling C. Evans Library at Texas A&M University; e-mail: hmercer@tamu.edu. © Holly Mercer Academic librarians are increasingly expected to advocate for scholarly communications reforms such as open access to scholarly publications, yet librarians do not always practice what they preach. Previous research examined librarian attitudes toward open access, whereas this article presents results of a study of open access publishing and self-archiving behaviors of academic librarians. Following an analysis of open access to library and information science literature in 2008, several strategies to encourage academic librarians to continue to embrace open access behaviors are discussed.
Surgical treatment of superior cluneal nerve entrapment neuropathy.

OBJECT
Superior cluneal nerve (SCN) entrapment neuropathy is a poorly understood clinical entity that can produce low-back pain. The authors report a less-invasive surgical treatment for SCN entrapment neuropathy that can be performed with local anesthesia.


METHODS
From November 2010 through November 2011, the authors performed surgery in 34 patients (age range 18-83 years; mean 64 years) with SCN entrapment neuropathy. The entrapment was unilateral in 13 patients and bilateral in 21. The mean postoperative follow-up period was 10 months (range 6-18 months). After the site was blocked with local anesthesia, the thoracolumbar fascia of the orifice was dissected with microscissors in a distal-to-rostral direction along the SCN to release the entrapped nerve.


RESULTS
were evaluated according to Japanese Orthopaedic Association (JOA) and Roland-Morris Disability Questionnaire (RMDQ) scores. Results In all 34 patients, the SCN penetrated the orifice of the thoracolumbar fascia and could be released by dissection of the fascia. There were no intraoperative surgery-related complications. For all patients, surgery was effective; JOA and RMDQ scores indicated significant improvement (p < 0.05).


CONCLUSIONS
For patients with low-back pain, SCN entrapment neuropathy must be considered as a causative factor. Treatment by less-invasive surgery, with local anesthesia, yielded excellent clinical outcomes.
Automatic Mood Classification for Music

Sound of their breath fades with the light. I think about the loveless fascination, Under the milky way tonight. Lower the curtain down in memphis, Lower the curtain down all right. I got no time for private consultation, Under the milky way tonight. Wish I knew what you were looking for. Might have known what you would find. And it's something quite peculiar, Something thats shimmering and white. It leads you here despite your destination, Under the milky way tonight (chorus) Preface This Master's Thesis concludes my studies in Human Aspects of Information Technology (HAIT) at Tilburg University. It describes the development, implementation, and analysis of an automatic mood classifier for music. I would like to thank those who have contributed to and supported the contents of the thesis. Special thanks goes to my supervisor Menno van Zaanen for his dedication and support during the entire process of getting started up to the final results. Moreover, I would like to express my appreciation to Fredrik Mjelle for providing the user-tagged instances exported out of the MOODY database, which was used as the dataset for the experiments. Furthermore, I would like to thank Toine Bogers for pointing me out useful website links regarding music mood classification and sending me papers with citations and references. I would also like to thank Michael Voong for sending me his papers on music mood classification research, Jaap van den Herik for his support and structuring of my writing and thinking. I would like to recognise Eric Postma and Marieke van Erp for their time assessing the thesis as members of the examination committee. Finally, I would like to express my gratitude to my family for their enduring support. Abstract This research presents the outcomes of research into using the lingual part of music for building an automatic mood classification system. Using a database consisting of extracted lyrics and user-tagged mood attachments, we built a classifier based on machine learning techniques. By testing the classification system on various mood frameworks (or dimensions) we examined to what extent it is possible to attach mood tags automatically to songs based on lyrics only. Furthermore, we examined to what extent the linguistic part of music revealed adequate information for assigning a mood category and which aspects of mood can be classified best. Our results show that the use of term frequencies and tf*idf values provide a valuable source of …
Studying the Role of IT in the Evolution of American Business Practices: A Way Forward

The use of computers by whole industries in the US has led to a growing interest in the history of computer applications in business. In this article the author explores some of the trends in this new history and initial findings. He also suggests topics that are ripe for historical research.
Are the results of the Beery-Buktenica Developmental Test of Visual-Motor Integration and its subtests related to achievement test scores?

PURPOSE
Although visual analysis, motor coordination, and visual-motor integration can each affect performance on a test of visual motor integration, previous studies have not reported the relative importance of these components to the relation between visual motor integration and learning readiness, reading, and math. This investigation relates academic achievement in reading and math to performance on the Beery-Buktenica Developmental Test of Visual-Motor Integration (VMI) and its subtests, Visual Perception and Motor Coordination.


METHODS
The VMI was administered to 155 children in second through fourth grades (7 to 10 years of age; mean, 8.4 +/- 1.0 years). The Otis-Lennon School Ability Test and Stanford Achievement Test were administered by the school.


RESULTS
A significant difference was found in performance on the VMI and Visual Perception and Motor Coordination subtests between children in the upper and lower quartiles in reading (p = 0.020, p < 0.001, and p = 0.027, respectively) and math achievement (p = 0.004, p < 0.001, and p = 0.01, respectively). The VMI standard score was significantly correlated with Stanford total math standard score (p = 0.001) and a trend toward significance was found for Stanford reading score (p = 0.050) while partially controlling for verbal school ability and age. In addition, Visual Perception and Motor Coordination standard scores were significantly related to Stanford math (p < 0.001 and p = 0.005, respectively) and reading score (p = 0.008 and p = 0.027, respectively) after partially controlling for verbal school ability and age. Multiple linear regressions controlling for performance on the VMI and each subtest, as well as age and verbal cognitive ability, showed a significant relation between the Visual Perception subtest score and math achievement.


CONCLUSION
Visual perceptual ability should be assessed in children with poor math and/or reading achievement.
INTEGRATING BIM AND GIS FOR 3D CITY MODELLING The Case of IFC and CityGML

3D geoinformation has become a base for an increasing number of today's applications. Examples of these applications are: city and urban planning, real estate management, environmental simulation, crisis and disaster management, telecommunication, facility management and others. 3D city models are presently scattered over different public and private sectors in different systems, different conceptual models, different data formats, different data schemas, different levels of detail and different quality. In addition, the potential of 3D models goes beyond visualisation of 3D objects of virtual scenes to real 3D city models. In such an environment, integration of different sources of data for building real 3D city models becomes more difficult. 3D city models are of two types, design and real world models. Design models are usually used for building industry purposes and to fulfil the requirements of maximum level of detail in the architecture, engineering and construction (AEC) industry. Real world models are geospatial information systems that represent spatial objects around us and are largely represented in GIS applications. Research efforts in the AEC industry resulted in Building Information Modelling (BIM), a process that supports information management throughout buildings' lifecycle and is increasingly widely used in the AEC industry. Results of different integration efforts of BIM and geospatial models show that only 3D geometric information does not fulfil the integration purpose and may lead to geometrical inconsistency. Further complex semantic information is required. Therefore, this thesis focuses on the integration of the two most prominent semantic models for the representation of BIM and geospatial objects, Industry Foundation Classes (IFC) and City Geography Markup Language (CityGML), respectively. In the integration of IFC and CityGML building models, substantial difficulties may arise in translating information from one to the other. Professionals from both domains have made significant attempts to integrate CityGML and IFC models to produce useful common applications. Most of these attempts, however, use a unidirectional method (mostly from IFC to CityGML) for the conversion process. A bidirectional method can lead to development of unified applications in the areas of urban planning, building construction analysis, homeland security, etc. The benefits of these unified applications clearly appear at the operational level (e.g. cost reduction, unified data-view), and at the strategic level (e.g. crisis management and increased analysis capabilities). IV For a bidirectional method, a formal mapping between both domains is required. Researchers have suggested that harmonising semantics is currently the best approach for integration of IFC …