LLukas22/scidocs huggingface dataset:
Increasing the value of farm products: connecting farmers and consumers through an E-commerce system

Farmers are expected to benefit from the fruits of their labor. Consumers, on the other hand, should not be overwhelmed by expensive farm products just because of the common practice of the traditional business trade. In the past, alternative solutions to break this trend are not viable due to the lack of available system and technologies. The middlemen or the intermediaries are the ones dictating the prices of farm commodities and the same time gaining huge amount of profit margin due to the incremental markup of one intermediary level to another. With the advent of E-commerce infrastructures and the motivation to embrace this system, the option of breaking the barrier between the farmers and the consumers is now possible. An E-commerce system that is designed to help farmers reach the consumers directly or with the assistance of a farmer's cooperative is presented in this study. However, the E-commerce system is an option that needs to gain popularity among farmers and consumer. The requirements to gain enough knowledge of this trade and the stage to achieve full maturity of its adoption still need further motivation and investigation.
The relationship between age and baseball pitching kinematics in professional baseball pitchers.

Joint range of motion and physical capacities have been shown to change with age in both throwing athletes and non-athletes. The age of professional baseball pitchers could span from late teens to mid-40s. However, the effects of age on the pitching kinematics among professional baseball pitchers are still unknown. In this study, 67 healthy professional baseball pitchers were tested using a 3D motion analysis system. Their mean age was 23.7+/-3.3 years (range 18.8-34.4). The 12 pitchers more than one standard deviation older than the mean (i.e., older than 27.0 years) were categorized into the older group, and the 10 pitchers more than one standard deviation younger than the mean (i.e., younger than 20.4 years) were defined as the younger group. In all, 18 kinematic variables (14 position and 4 velocity) were calculated, and Student's t-tests were used to compare the variables between the two groups. Six position variables were found to be significantly different between the two groups. At the instant of lead foot contact, the older group had a shorter stride, a more closed pelvis orientation, and a more closed upper trunk orientation. The older group also produced less shoulder external rotation during the arm cocking phase, more lead knee flexion at ball release, and less forward trunk tilt at ball release. Ball velocity and body segment velocity variables showed no significant differences between the two groups. Thus, differences in specific pitching kinematic variables among professional baseball pitchers of different age groups were not associated with significant differences in ball velocities between groups. The current results suggest that both biological changes and technique adaptations occur during the career of a professional baseball pitcher.
Three-dimensional Facial Anatomy: Structure and Function as It Relates to Injectable Neuromodulators and Soft Tissue Fillers

BACKGROUND
The advent of new neuromodulators and soft-tissue fillers continues to expand the nonsurgical repertoire of the core cosmetic physician.


METHODS
The authors review relevant facial anatomy as it relates to facial aging and the resultant structural changes that occur. These changes are important for the cosmetic physician to identify and understand in order to perform both safe and effective placement of neuromodulators and soft-tissue fillers. In this anatomic review, the authors review key structures that serve as landmarks for successful treatment using both neuromodulators and fillers.


CONCLUSIONS
Knowledge of key facial anatomical structures allows the cosmetic physician to perform injection of neuromodulators and soft-tissue fillers in a reproducible manner to optimizing patient safety and results.
Data Search Algorithms based on Quantum Walk

For searching any item in an unsorted database with N items, a classical computer takes O(N) steps but Grover’s quantum searching algorithm takes only O( √ N) steps. However, it is also known that Grover’s algorithm is effective only in the case where the initial amplitude distribution of dataset is uniform, but is not always effective in the nonuniform case. In this paper, we propose some quantum search algorithms. First, we propose an algorithm in analog time based on quantum walk by solving the schrodinger equation. The proposed algorithm shows best performance in optimum time. Next, we will apply the result to Grover search algorithm. It is shown that the proposed algorithm shows better performance than the conventional one. Further, we propose the improved algorithm by introducing the idea of the phase rotation. The algorithm shows best performance compared with the conventional ones.
Institutional Repository Predicting Corporate Bankruptcy : whither do we stand ?

Following triggered corporate bankruptcies, an increasing number of prediction models have emerged since 1960s. This study provides a critical analysis of methodologies and empirical findings of applications of these models across 10 different countries. The study’s empirical exercise finds that predictive accuracies of different corporate bankruptcy prediction models are, generally, comparable. Artificially Intelligent Expert System (AIES) models perform marginally better than statistical and theoretical models. Overall, use of Multiple Discriminant Analysis (MDA) dominates the research followed by logit models. Study deduces useful observations and recommendations for future research in this field. JEL classification: G33; C49; C88
From hand-held to body-worn: embodied experiences of the design and use of a wearable movement-based interaction concept

This paper argues that movement-based interaction should be designed from a non-technological, people-centered point of view in order to create embodied and engaging interaction experiences. Further, it discusses social and contextual aspects that need to be taken into account when designing for movement-based interaction. The paper presents the design process and user explorations of a wearable movement-based interaction concept that was created in order to explore full-body movement as interaction modality. The starting point was taken in people's own experiences of communication and interaction through bodily movements, inspired by methods and theories used within modern dance. As design guidelines for the prototyped interaction concept we used aspects on movement that were directly derived from field studies of physical expression. The user explorations of the concept show preliminary examples of how people engage in movement-based interaction and how they are affected by the social interaction context.
Measuring the intensity of spontaneous facial action units with dynamic Bayesian network

Automatic facial expression analysis has received great attention in different applications over the last two decades. Facial Action Coding System (FACS), which describes all possible facial expressions based on a set of facial muscle movements called Action Unit (AU), has been used extensively to model and analyze facial expressions. FACS describes methods for coding the intensity of AUs, and AU intensity measurement is important in some studies in behavioral science and developmental psychology. However, in majority of the existing studies in the area of facial expression recognition, the focus has been on basic expression recognition or facial action unit detection. There are very few investigations on measuring the intensity of spontaneous facial actions. In addition, the few studies on AU intensity recognition usually try to measure the intensity of facial actions statically and individually, ignoring the dependencies among multilevel AU intensities as well as the temporal information. However, these spatiotemporal interactions among facial actions are crucial for understanding and analyzing spontaneous facial expressions, since these coherent, coordinated, and synchronized interactions are that produce a meaningful facial display. In this paper, we propose a framework based on Dynamic Bayesian Network (DBN) to systematically model the dynamic and semantic relationships among multilevel AU intensities. Given the extracted image observations, the AU intensity recognition is accomplished through probabilistic inference by systematically integrating the image observations with the proposed DBN model. Experiments on Denver Intensity of Spontaneous Facial Action (DISFA) database demonstrate the superiority of our method over single image-driven methods in AU intensity measurement. & 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Frontiers of Affect-Aware Learning Technologies

Affect-aware technologies are moving the frontiers of how we understand, support, and optimize student learning. The authors explore five areas that exemplify cutting-edge research in the burgeoning field. These include intelligent tutoring systems that detect and respond to students' affective states and sometimes synthesize affect; the strategic induction of confusion as a means to stimulate deep learning; techniques to increase student engagement and reflection; systems that support the development of prosocial behaviors, resilience, and other aspects that contribute to students' well-being; and sample projects that highlight how these new ideas can be taken from laboratories into real-world classrooms.
Lecture Notes on Holographic Renormalization

We review the formalism of holographic renormalization. We start by discussing mathematical results on asymptotically anti-de Sitter spacetimes. We then outline the general method of holographic renormalization. The method is illustrated by working all details in a simple example: a massive scalar field on anti-de Sitter spacetime. The discussion includes the derivation of the on-shell renormalized action, of holographic Ward identities, anomalies and RG equations, and the computation of renormalized one-, twoand four-point functions. We then discuss the application of the method to holographic RG flows. We also show that the results of the near-boundary analysis of asymptotically AdS spacetimes can be analytically continued to apply to asymptotically de Sitter spacetimes. In particular, it is shown that the Brown-York stress energy tensor of de Sitter spacetime is equal, up to a dimension dependent sign, to the Brown-York stress energy tensor of an associated AdS spacetime. kostas@feynman.princeton.edu
Self-esteem of children and adolescents with chronic illness: a meta-analysis.

Chronic illness may be a risk factor for low self-esteem; however, previous meta-analyses are inconclusive whether children with a chronic illness have lower self-esteem than their healthy peers. The goal of the present study was to summarize available research in order to compare the self-esteem of children and adolescents with a chronic illness with that of healthy children. Random-effects meta-analysis was used to integrate the results of 621 empirical studies that compare levels of self-esteem of children with a chronic physical illness with healthy peers or general test norms. Studies were identified via the electronic databases Adolesc, Embase, Google Scholar, MEDLINE, PSNYDEX, PSYCINFO, and cross-referencing. Children with chronic illnesses have lower self-esteem than healthy peers or test norms (g = -0.18 standard deviation units). The lowest levels of self-esteem were observed in children with chronic fatigue syndrome and chronic headaches. Lower levels of self-esteem in children with a chronic illness were found in girls than in boys, in adolescents than in children, in children from developing or threshold countries, when results were collected from observer ratings rather than child reports, in studies published in the 1990s, and when children with chronic illnesses were directly compared with healthy children instead of test norms. Paediatricians, parents, and teachers should promote experiences of success and positive peer-relations, which are important sources of self-esteem. In addition, psychosocial interventions for children with chronic illnesses should be offered for children with reduced self-esteem.
Ectopic mandibular third molar in subcondylar region: report of a rare case

A tooth is ectopic if it is malpositioned due to congenital factors or displaced by the presence of pathology. Recent literature review suggests only 14 cases of ectopic mandibular third molar in the condylar region. Most have been treated using an extra-oral or endoscopic approach. Patients with an ectopic tooth impaction can remain asymptomatic over the course of their lifetime. But when such a tooth is accompanied by a cyst, patients can experience significant morbidity and require intervention. This report presents a case of ectopic mandibular third molar in the left subcondylar region associated with pain and trismus. Ectopic eruption of teeth is rare and reported in the mandibular condyle, coronoid process, orbit, palate, nasal cavity, nasal septum, chin and the maxillary antrum. Management of such cases should be meticulously planned on the basis of the position and type of the ectopic tooth and related potential trauma which could be caused by surgical intervention.
Business applications of data mining

They help identify and predict individual, as well as aggregate, behavior, as illustrated by four application domains: direct mail, retail, automobile insurance, and health care.
Efficacy of robot-assisted fingers training in chronic stroke survivors: a pilot randomized-controlled trial

While constraint-induced movement therapy (CIMT) is one of the most promising techniques for upper limb rehabilitation after stroke, it requires high residual function to start with. Robotic device, on the other hand, can provide intention-driven assistance and is proven capable to complement conventional therapy. However, with many robotic devices focus on more proximal joints like shoulder and elbow, recovery of hand and fingers functions have become a challenge. Here we propose the use of robotic device to assist hand and fingers functions training and we aim to evaluate the potential efficacy of intention-driven robot-assisted fingers training. Participants (6 to 24 months post-stroke) were randomly assigned into two groups: robot-assisted (robot) and non-assisted (control) fingers training groups. Each participant underwent 20-session training. Action Research Arm Test (ARAT) was used as the primary outcome measure, while, Wolf Motor Function Test (WMFT) score, its functional tasks (WMFT-FT) sub-score, Fugl-Meyer Assessment (FMA), its shoulder and elbow (FMA-SE) sub-score, and finger individuation index (FII) served as secondary outcome measures. Nineteen patients completed the 20-session training (Trial Registration: HKClinicalTrials.com HKCTR-1554); eighteen of them came back for a 6-month follow-up. Significant improvements (p < 0.05) were found in the clinical scores for both robot and control group after training. However, only robot group maintained the significant difference in the ARAT and FMA-SE six months after the training. The WMFT-FT score and time post-training improvements of robot group were significantly better than those of the control group. This study showed the potential efficacy of robot-assisted fingers training for hand and fingers rehabilitation and its feasibility to facilitate early rehabilitation for a wider population of stroke survivors; and hence, can be used to complement CIMT.
Effects of methylprednisolone infusion on markers of inflammation, coagulation, and angiogenesis in early acute respiratory distress syndrome.

OBJECTIVE
Evaluate the effects of methylprednisolone on markers of inflammation, coagulation, and angiogenesis during early acute respiratory distress syndrome.


DESIGN
Retrospective analysis.


SETTING
Four intensive care units.


SUBJECTS
Seventy-nine of 91 patients with available samples enrolled in a randomized, blinded controlled trial.


INTERVENTIONS
Early methylprednisolone infusion (n = 55) compared with placebo (n = 24).


MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS
Interleukin-6, tumor necrosis factor α, vascular endothelial growth factor, protein C, procalcitonin, and proadrenomedullin were measured in archived plasma. Changes from baseline to day 3 and day 7 were compared between groups and in subgroups based on the precipitating cause of acute respiratory distress syndrome. Methylprednisolone therapy was associated with greater improvement in Lung Injury Score (p = .003), shorter duration of mechanical ventilation (p = .005), and lower intensive care unit mortality (p = .05) than control subjects. On days 3 and 7, methylprednisolone decreased interleukin-6 and increased protein C levels (all p < .0001) compared with control subjects. Proadrenomedullin levels were lower by day 3 with methylprednisolone treatment (p = .004). Methylprednisolone decreased interleukin-6 by days 3 and 7 in patients with pulmonary causes of acute respiratory distress syndrome but only at day 3 in those with extrapulmonary causes of acute respiratory distress syndrome. Protein C levels were increased with methylprednisolone on days 3 and 7 in patients with infectious and/or pulmonary causes of acute respiratory distress syndrome (all p < .0001) but not in patients with noninfectious or extrapulmonary causes of acute respiratory distress syndrome. Proadrenomedullin levels were decreased with methylprednisolone on day 3 in patients with infectious or extrapulmonary causes of acute respiratory distress syndrome (both p ≤ .008) but not in noninfectious or pulmonary acute respiratory distress syndrome. Tumor necrosis factor, vascular endothelial growth factor, and procalcitonin were elevated but not differentially affected by methylprednisolone therapy.


CONCLUSIONS
In early acute respiratory distress syndrome, administration of methylprednisolone was associated with improvement in important biomarkers of inflammation and coagulation and clinical outcomes. Biomarker changes varied with the precipitating cause of acute respiratory distress syndrome, suggesting that the underlying mechanisms and response to anti-inflammatory therapy may vary with the cause of acute respiratory distress syndrome.
Clinical practice. Groin hernias in adults.

The lifetime risk of development of a groin hernia has been estimated at 27% for men and 3% for women.1 The frequency of surgical correction varies among countries and ranges from 10 per 100,000 population in the United Kingdom to 28 per 100,000 in the United States.2 The word “hernia” is from the Latin word “rupture”; the condition occurs when an organ normally contained in one body cavity protrudes through the lining of that cavity. Groin hernias have three components: the neck, which is the opening in the abdominal wall; the sac, which is formed by the protrusion of the peritoneum through the opening; and the contents — that is, any tissue or organ that protrudes through the neck into the hernia sac (Fig. 1). The abdominal wall in the groin region is composed of the peritoneum, transversalis fascia, internal and external oblique muscles and their aponeurotic structures, subcutaneous tissue, and skin. A failure of the transversalis fascia to prevent the intraabdominal contents from protruding through the anatomical area known as the myopectineal orifice of Fruchaud is the final common denominator in the development of all groin hernias (Fig. 2). Groin hernias are inguinal or femoral; inguinal hernias are either direct or indirect. Both direct and indirect hernias protrude above the inguinal ligament; a direct hernia is medial to the inferior epigastric vessels, whereas an indirect hernia is lateral. A femoral hernia protrudes below the inguinal ligament and medial to the femoral vessels (Fig. 1 and 2).
Patterns of alcohol consumption and ischaemic heart disease in culturally divergent countries: the Prospective Epidemiological Study of Myocardial Infarction (PRIME)

OBJECTIVE
To investigate the effect of alcohol intake patterns on ischaemic heart disease in two countries with contrasting lifestyles, Northern Ireland and France.


DESIGN
Cohort data from the Prospective Epidemiological Study of Myocardial Infarction (PRIME) were analysed. Weekly alcohol consumption, incidence of binge drinking (alcohol >50 g on at least one day a week), incidence of regular drinking (at least one day a week, and alcohol <50 g if on only one occasion), volume of alcohol intake, frequency of consumption, and types of beverage consumed were assessed once at inclusion. All coronary events that occurred during the 10 year follow-up were prospectively registered. The relation between baseline characteristics and incidence of hard coronary events and angina events was assessed by Cox's proportional hazards regression analysis.


SETTING
One centre in Northern Ireland (Belfast) and three centres in France (Lille, Strasbourg, and Toulouse).


PARTICIPANTS
9778 men aged 50-59 free of ischaemic heart disease at baseline, who were recruited between 1991 and 1994.


MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES
Incident myocardial infarction and coronary death ("hard" coronary events), and incident angina pectoris.


RESULTS
A total of 2405 men from Belfast and 7373 men from the French centres were included in the analyses, 1456 (60.5%) and 6679 (90.6%) of whom reported drinking alcohol at least once a week, respectively. Among drinkers, 12% (173/1456) of men in Belfast drank alcohol every day compared with 75% (5008/6679) of men in France. Mean alcohol consumption was 22.1 g/day in Belfast and 32.8 g/day in France. Binge drinkers comprised 9.4% (227/2405) and 0.5% (33/7373) of the Belfast and France samples, respectively. A total of 683 (7.0%) of the 9778 participants experienced ischaemic heart disease events during the 10 year follow-up: 322 (3.3%) hard coronary events and 361 (3.7%) angina events. Annual incidence of hard coronary events per 1000 person years was 5.63 (95% confidence interval 4.69 to 6.69) in Belfast and 2.78 (95% CI 2.41 to 3.20) in France. After multivariate adjustment for classic cardiovascular risk factors and centre, the hazard ratio for hard coronary events compared with regular drinkers was 1.97 (95% CI 1.21 to 3.22) for binge drinkers, 2.03 (95% CI 1.41 to 2.94) for never drinkers, and 1.57 (95% CI 1.11 to 2.21) for former drinkers for the entire cohort. The hazard ratio for hard coronary events in Belfast compared with in France was 1.76 (95% CI 1.37 to 2.67) before adjustment, and 1.09 (95% CI 0.79 to 1.50) after adjustment for alcohol patterns and wine drinking. Only wine drinking was associated with a lower risk of hard coronary events, irrespective of the country.


CONCLUSIONS
Regular and moderate alcohol intake throughout the week, the typical pattern in middle aged men in France, is associated with a low risk of ischaemic heart disease, whereas the binge drinking pattern more prevalent in Belfast confers a higher risk.