LLukas22/scidocs huggingface dataset:
Estimating minimal clinically important differences of upper-extremity measures early after stroke.

OBJECTIVE
To estimate minimal clinically important difference (MCID) values of several upper-extremity measures early after stroke.


DESIGN
Data in this report were collected during the Very Early Constraint-induced Therapy for Recovery of Stroke trial, an acute, single-blind randomized controlled trial of constraint-induced movement therapy. Subjects were tested at the prerandomization baseline assessment (average days poststroke, 9.5d) and the first posttreatment assessment (average days poststroke, 25.9d). At each time point, the affected upper extremity was evaluated with a battery of 6 tests. At the second assessment, subjects were also asked to provide a global rating of perceived changes in their affected upper extremity. Anchor-based MCID values were calculated separately for the affected dominant upper extremities and the affected nondominant upper extremities for each of the 6 tests.


SETTING
Inpatient rehabilitation hospital.


PARTICIPANTS
Fifty-two people with hemiparesis poststroke.


INTERVENTIONS
Not applicable.


MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES
Estimated MCID values for grip strength, composite upper-extremity strength, Action Research Arm Test (ARAT), Wolf Motor Function Test (WMFT), Motor Activity Log (MAL), and duration of upper-extremity use as measured with accelerometry.


RESULTS
MCID values for grip strength were 5.0 and 6.2 kg for the affected dominant and nondominant sides, respectively. MCID values for the ARAT were 12 and 17 points, for the WMFT function score were 1.0 and 1.2 points, and for the MAL quality of movement score were 1.0 and 1.1 points for the 2 sides, respectively. MCID values were indeterminate for the dominant (composite strength), the nondominant (WMFT time score), and both affected sides (duration of use) for the other measures.


CONCLUSIONS
Our data provide some of the first estimates of MCID values for upper-extremity standardized measures early after stroke. Future studies with larger sample sizes are needed to refine these estimates and to determine whether MCID values are modified by time poststroke.
Clinic value of two-dimensional speckle tracking combined with adenosine stress echocardiography for assessment of myocardial viability.

BACKGROUND
To evaluate whether myocardial strain under adenosine stress calculated from two-dimensional echocardiography by automatic frame-by-frame tracking of natural acoustic markers enables objective description of myocardial viability in clinic.


METHODS AND RESULTS
Two-dimensional echocardiography and two-dimensional speckle tracking imaging (2D STI) at rest were performed first and once again after adenosine was infused at 140 ug/kg/min over a period of 6 minutes in 36 stable patients with previous myocardial infarction. Then radionuclide myocardial perfusion/metabolic imaging served as the "gold standard" to define myocardial viability was given in all patients within 1 day. Two-dimensional speckle tracking images were acquired at rest and after adenosine administration. An automatic frame-by-frame tracking system of natural acoustic echocardiographic markers was used to calculate 2D strain variables including peak-systolic circumferential strain (CS(peak-sys)), radial strain (RS(peak-sys)), and longitudinal strain (LS(peak-sys)). Those segments with abnormal motion from visual assessment of two-dimensional echocardiography were selected for further study. As a result, 126 regions were viable whereas 194 were nonviable among 320 abnormal motion segments in 36 patients according to radionuclide imaging. At rest, there were no significant changes of 2D strain between the viable and nonviable myocardium. After adenosine administration (140 ug/kg/min), CS(peak-sys) had a little change of the viable myocardium while RS(peak-sys) and LS(peak-sys) increased significantly compared with those at rest. In nonviable group, CS(peak-sys), RS(peak-sys), and LS(peak-sys) had no significant changes during adenosine administration. After adenosine administration, RS(peak-sys) and LS(peak-sys) in viable group increased significantly compared with nonviable group. Obtained strain data were highly reproducible and affected in small intraobserver and interobserver variabilities. A change of radial strain more than 9.5% has a sensitivity of 83.9% and a specificity of 81.4% for viable whereas a change of longitudinal strain more than 14.6% allowed a sensitivity of 86.7% and a specificity of 90.2%.


CONCLUSIONS
2D STI combined with adenosine stress echocardiography could provide a new and reliable method to identify myocardium viability.
Faster, Cheaper, Better { a Hybridization Methodology to Develop Linear Algebra Software for GPUs

3 4 for (n = 0 ; n < nt ; n++) // l oop on c o l s 5 for (m = 0 ; m < mt ; m++) // l oop on rows 6 s t a r pu ma t r i x da t a r e g i s t e r (& t i l e h a nd l e [m] [ n ] , 0 , 7 &t i l e [m] [ n ] , M, M, N, s izeof ( f loat ) ) ; Figure 3: Registration of the tiles as handles of matrix data type. Initialization. When initializing StarPU with starpu_init, StarPU automatically detects the topology of the machine and launches one thread per processing unit to execute the tasks. Data registration. Each tile is registered into StarPU to be associated to a handle. As shown in Figure 3, the tile_handle[m][n] StarPU abstraction is obtained from each actual memory pointer, tile[m][n]. Several data types are pre-defined for the handles. Here, tiles are registered as matrices since a submatrix is itself a matrix. Codelets definition. As shown at lines 38-42 for the sgemm_codelet in Figure 4, a codelet is a structure that describes a multi-versioned kernel (sgemm here). It contains pointers to the functions that implement the kernel on the different types of units: lines 1-14 for the CPU and 1630 for the GPU. The prototype of these functions is fixed: an array of pointers to the data interfaces that describe the local data replicates, followed by a pointer to some user-provided argument for the codelet. The STARPU_MATRIX_GET_PTR is a helper function that takes a data interface in the matrix format and returns the address of the local copy. Function starpu_unpack_cl_args is also a helper function that retrieves the arguments stacked in the cl_arg pointer by the application. Those arguments are passed when the tasks are inserted. Tasks insertion. In StarPU, a task consists of a codelet working on a list of handles. The access mode (e.g., read-write) of each handle is also required so that the runtime can compute the dependences between tasks. A task may also take values as arguments (passed through pointers). A task is inserted with the starpu_insert_Task function. 1 Lines 33-41 in Figure 5 shows how the sgemm task is inserted. The first argument is the codelet, sgemm_codelet. The following arguments are either values (keyword VALUE) or handles (when an access mode is specified). For instance, a value is specified at line 34, corresponding to the content of the notrans Other interfaces not discussed here are available.
Evidence based practice profiles: Differences among allied health professions

BACKGROUND
Most previous studies of allied health professionals' evidence based practice (EBP) attitudes, knowledge and behaviours have been conducted with profession specific questionnaires of variable psychometric strength. This study compared the self-report EBP profiles of allied health professionals/trainees in an Australian university.


METHODS
The Evidence-Based Practice Profile (EBP2) questionnaire assessed five domains (Relevance, Terminology, Practice, Confidence, Sympathy) in 918 subjects from five professional disciplines. One and 2-way factorial analysis of variance (ANOVA) and t-tests analysed differences based on prior exposure to EBP, stage of training, professional discipline, age and gender.


RESULTS
There were significant differences between stages of training (p < 0.001) for all domains and between EBP exposure groups for all but one domain (Sympathy). Professional discipline groups differed for Relevance, Terminology, Practice (p < 0.001) and Confidence (p = 0.006). Males scored higher for Confidence (p = 0.002) and females for Sympathy (p = 0.04), older subjects (> 24 years) scored higher for all domains (p < 0.05). Age and exposure affected all domains (p < 0.02). Differences in stages of training largely explained age-related differences in Confidence and Practice (p ≤ 0.001) and exposure-related differences in Confidence, Practice and Sympathy (p ≤ 0.023).


CONCLUSIONS
Across five allied health professions, self-report EBP characteristics varied with EBP exposure, across stages of training, with profession and with age.
Undergraduate nursing students attitude to mental health nursing: a cluster analysis approach.

AIMS
The use of cluster analysis to determine if specific groups of students could be identified based on their attitudes towards mental health nursing following the completion of a clinical experience in a mental health setting.


BACKGROUND
Research suggests that nursing students generally have a negative image of mental health nursing. This can be improved following clinical exposure in mental health settings, however, specific aspects of clinical experience that might facilitate attitudinal change have been under-researched.


DESIGN
Survey.


METHODS
A survey was administered to students (n = 703) immediately after completion of their clinical experience. Cluster analysis was used to identify natural groupings within the study cohort.


RESULTS
Three distinct clusters were identified. Cluster 1 demonstrated more positive attitudes, greater confidence and viewed mental health more positively than students in the other two Clusters. They were more likely to be male, have spent at least 30 minutes per shift with a preceptor and have completed shifts of eight hours rather than seven hours.


CONCLUSIONS
Attitudes to mental health nursing may be influenced by specific demographic characteristics of students and by specific aspects of their clinical experience.


RELEVANCE TO CLINICAL PRACTICE
The nursing workforce is an essential element of quality mental health service delivery. Knowledge about factors influencing more positive attitudes is important for structuring clinical experience and designing effective recruitment strategies to attract more students into this field of practice.
The Application of an Ensemble of Boosted Elman Networks to Time Series Prediction: A Benchmark Study

In this paper, the application of multiple Elman neural networks to time series data regression problems is studied. An ensemble of Elman networks is formed by boosting to enhance the performance of the individual networks. A modified version of the AdaBoost algorithm is employed to integrate the predictions from multiple networks. Two benchmark time series data sets, i.e., the Sunspot and Box-Jenkins gas furnace problems, are used to assess the effectiveness of the proposed system. The simulation results reveal that an ensemble of boosted Elman networks can achieve a higher degree of generalization as well as performance than that of the individual networks. The results are compared with those from other learning systems, and implications of the performance are discussed. Keywords—AdaBoost, Elman network, neural network ensemble, time series regression
[Prevalence of malnutrition in Spanish institutionalized older people: a multicentric nationwide analysis].

INTRODUCTION
Deficient nutritional status has important implications on vulnerable people's health status, such as those with chronic diseases or older people in situation of dependency.


OBJECTIVE
To examine SARquavitae centers users' nutritional status at admission.


MATERIAL AND METHODS
Health, cognitive and functional status of people admitted to any company centers during 2012 was studied. Nutritional status was assessed using the short version of the Mini Nutritional Assessment. Finally, an analysis was performed to identify the most influential variables on the sample's nutritional status.


RESULTS
Clinical records of 4,297 admissions were analyzed. The average age was 82.08 years and 66.1% were women with high comorbidity. At admission, 30.4% of the sample was in malnutrition and 49.4% at risk of malnutrition. A higher prevalence of malnutrition is found in women, in those coming from an acute care hospital or its outpatient clinics, with worse functional and cognitive status and those with chronic conditions such as dementia, cerebrovascular disease or dysphagia.


CONCLUSIONS
As demonstrated by the study results, people admitted to SARquavitae nursing homes present a high clinical complexity. Comprehensive assessments are needed that allow establishing specific care plans for people with complex care needs in nursing homes.
Construction of a Quantum Gas Microscope for Fermionic Atoms by

This thesis reports the construction of a novel apparatus for experiments with ultracold atoms in optical lattices: the Fermi gas microscope. Improving upon similar designs for bosonic atoms, our Fermi gas microscope has the novel feature of being able to achieve single-site resolved imaging of fermionic atoms in an optical lattice; specifically, we use fermionic potassium-40, sympathetically cooled by bosonic sodium-23. In this thesis, several milestones on the way to achieving single-site resolution are described and documented. First, we have tested and mounted in place the imaging optics necessary for achieving single-site resolution. We set up separate 3D magnetooptical traps for capturing and cooling both Na and K. These species are then trapped simultaneously in a plugged quadrupole magnetic trap and evaporated to degeneracy; we obtain a sodium Bose-Einstein condensate with about a million atoms and a degenerate potassium cloud cooled to colder than 1 μK. Using magnetic transport over a distance of 1 cm, we move the cold cloud of atoms into place under the high-resolution imaging system and capture it in a hybrid magnetic and optical-dipole trap. Further evaporation in this hybrid trap performed by lowering the optical trap depth, and the cooled atoms are immersed in an optical lattice, the setup and calibration of which is also described here. Finally, we cool the atoms with optical molasses beams while in the lattice, with the imaging optics collecting the fluoresence light for high-resolution imaging. With molasses cooling set up, single-site fluoresence imaging of bosons and fermions in the same experimental apparatus is within reach. Thesis Supervisor: Martin W. Zwierlein Title: Professor of Physics
PrePost+: An efficient N-lists-based algorithm for mining frequent itemsets via Children-Parent Equivalence pruning

N-list is a novel data structure proposed in recent years. It has been proven to be very efficient for mining frequent itemsets. In this paper, we present PrePost + , a high-performance algorithm for mining frequent itemsets. It employs N-list to represent itemsets and directly discovers frequent itemsets using a set-enumeration search tree. Especially, it employs an efficient pruning strategy named Children–Parent Equivalence pruning to greatly reduce the search space. We have conducted extensive experiments to evaluate PrePost + against three state-of-the-art algorithms, which are PrePost, FIN, and FP-growth ⁄ , on six various real datasets. The experimental results show that PrePost + is always the fastest one on all datasets. Moreover, PrePost + also demonstrates good performance in terms of memory consumption since it use only a litter more memory than FP-growth ⁄ and less memory than PrePost and FIN. Frequent itemset mining, first proposed by Agrawal, Imielinski, and Swami (1993), has become a popular data mining technique and plays an fundamental role in many important data mining tasks such as mining associations, correlations, episodes, and etc. Since the first proposal of this new data mining task, there have been hundreds of follow-up research publications (Han, Cheng, Xin, & Yan, 2007). Although lots of algorithms have been proposed, how to design efficient mining methods is still one of several key research problems yet to be solved In recent years, we present an algorithm called PrePost (Deng et al., 2012) for mining frequent itemsets. The high efficiency of PrePost is achieved by: (1) employing a novel data structure named N-list to represent itemsets; and (2) adopting single path property of N-list to directly discovery frequent itemsets without generating candidate itemsets in some cases. The experiments in Deng et al. (2012) show that PrePost runs fast than some state-of-the-art mining algorithms including FP-growth and FP-growth ⁄. Although PrePost adopts single path property of N-list to prune the search space, it still incurs the problem of too many candidates because it employs Apriori-like approach for mining frequent item-sets. In this paper, we propose a new algorithm called PrePost + , which can effectively avoid the above problem. PrePost + employs N-list to represent itemsets and directly discovers frequent item-sets in an itemset & N-list search tree. For avoiding repetitive search, it also adopts Children–Parent Equivalence pruning to greatly reduce the search space. For evaluating the performance of PrePost + , we conduct …
Neighbourhood characteristics and trajectories of health functioning: a multilevel prospective analysis.

BACKGROUND
Prospective data from over 10 years of follow-up were used to examine neighbourhood deprivation, social fragmentation and trajectories of health.


METHODS
From the third phase (1991-93) of the Whitehall II study of British civil servants, SF-36 health functioning was measured on up to five occasions for 7834 participants living in 2046 census wards. Multilevel linear regression models assessed the Townsend deprivation index and social fragmentation index as predictors of initial health and health trajectories.


RESULTS
Independent of individual socioeconomic factors, deprivation was inversely associated with initial SF-36 physical component summary (PCS) score. Social fragmentation was not associated with PCS scores. Deprivation and social fragmentation were inversely associated with initial mental component summary (MCS) score. Neighbourhood characteristics were not associated with trajectories of PCS score or MCS score for the whole set. However, restricted analysis on longer term residents revealed that residents in deprived or socially fragmented neighbourhoods had lowest initial and smallest improvements in MCS score.


CONCLUSIONS
This longitudinal study provides evidence that residence in a deprived or fragmented neighbourhood is associated with poorer mental health and that longer exposure to such neighbourhood environments has incremental effects. Associations between physical health functioning and neighbourhood characteristics were less clear. Mindful of the importance of individual socioeconomic factors, the findings warrant more detailed examination of materially and socially deprived neighbourhoods and their consequences for health.
Exposure to brake dust and malignant mesothelioma: a study of 10 cases with mineral fiber analyses.

OBJECTIVES
A large number of workers in the USA are exposed to chrysotile asbestos through brake repair, yet only a few cases of malignant mesothelioma (MM) have been described in this population. Epidemiologic and industrial hygiene studies have failed to demonstrate an increased risk of MM in brake workers. We present our experience of MM in individuals whose only known asbestos exposure was to brake dust and correlate these findings with lung asbestos fiber burdens.


METHODS
Consultation files of one of the authors were reviewed for cases of MM in which brake dust was the only known asbestos exposure. Lung fiber analyses were performed using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) in all cases for which formalin-fixed or paraffin-embedded lung tissue was available.


RESULTS
Ten cases of MM in brake dust-exposed individuals were males aged 51-73 yr. Nine cases arose in the pleura and one in the peritoneum. Although the median lung asbestos body count (19 AB/g) is at our upper limit of normal (range 0-20 AB/g), half of the cases had levels within our normal range. In every case with elevated asbestos fiber levels by SEM, excess commercial amphibole fibers were also detected. Elevated levels of chrysotile and non-commercial amphibole fibers were detected only in cases that also had increased commercial amphibole fibers.


CONCLUSIONS
Brake dust contains exceedingly low levels of respirable chrysotile, much of which consists of short fibers subject to rapid pulmonary clearance. Elevated lung levels of commercial amphiboles in some brake workers suggest that unrecognized exposure to these fibers plays a critical role in the development of MM.
IITB-Sentiment-Analysts: Participation in Sentiment Analysis in Twitter SemEval 2013 Task

We propose a method for using discourse relations for polarity detection of tweets. We have focused on unstructured and noisy text like tweets on which linguistic tools like parsers and POS-taggers don’t work properly. We have showed how conjunctions, connectives, modals and conditionals affect the sentiments in tweets. We have also handled the commonly used abbreviations, slangs and collocations which are usually used in short text messages like tweets. This work focuses on a Web based application which produces results in real time. This approach is an extension of the previous work (Mukherjee et al. 2012).
A novel comparative effectiveness study of Tai Chi versus aerobic exercise for fibromyalgia: study protocol for a randomized controlled trial

BACKGROUND
Fibromyalgia is a chronic musculoskeletal pain syndrome that causes substantial physical and psychological impairment and costs the US healthcare system over $25 billion annually. Current pharmacological therapies may cause serious adverse effects, are expensive, and fail to effectively improve pain and function. Finding new and effective non-pharmacological treatments for fibromyalgia patients is urgently needed. We are currently conducting the first comparative effectiveness randomized trial of Tai Chi versus aerobic exercise (a recommended component of the current standard of care) in a large fibromyalgia population. This article describes the design and conduct of this trial.


METHODS/DESIGN
A single-center, 52-week, randomized controlled trial of Tai Chi versus aerobic exercise is being conducted at an urban tertiary medical center in Boston, Massachusetts. We plan to recruit 216 patients with fibromyalgia. The study population consists of adults ≥21 years of age with fibromyalgia who meet American College of Rheumatology 1990 and 2010 diagnostic criteria. Participants are randomized to one of four Tai Chi intervention groups: 12 or 24 weeks of supervised Tai Chi held once or twice per week, or a supervised aerobic exercise control held twice per week for 24 weeks. The primary outcome is the change in Revised Fibromyalgia Impact Questionnaire total score from baseline to 24 weeks. Secondary outcomes include measures of widespread pain, symptom severity, functional performance, balance, muscle strength and power, psychological functioning, sleep quality, self-efficacy, durability effects, and health-related quality of life at 12, 24, and 52 week follow-up.


DISCUSSION
This study is the first comparative effectiveness randomized trial of Tai Chi versus aerobic exercise in a large fibromyalgia population with long-term follow up. We present here a robust and well-designed trial to determine the optimal frequency and duration of a supervised Tai Chi intervention with regard to short- and long-term effectiveness. The trial also explores multiple outcomes to elucidate the potential mechanisms of Tai Chi and aerobic exercise and the generalizability of these interventions across instructors. Results of this study are expected to have important public health implications for patients with a major disabling disease that incurs substantial health burdens and economic costs.


TRIAL REGISTRATION
ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT01420640 , registered 18 August 2011.