LLukas22/scidocs huggingface dataset:
Un-met supportive care needs of Iranian breast cancer patients.

BACKGROUND
Assessment of supportive needs is the requirement to plan any supportive care program for cancer patients. There is no evidence about supportive care needs of Iranian breast cancer patients. So, the aims of present study were to investigate this question and s predictive factors.


MATERIALS AND METHODS
A descriptive- correlational study was conducted, followed by logistic regression analyses. The Supportive Care Needs Survey was completed by 136 breast cancer patients residing in Iran following their initial treatment. This assessed needs in five domains: psychological, health system and information, physical and daily living, patient care and support, and sexuality.


RESULTS
Patient perceived needs were highest in the health systems and information (71%), and physical and daily living (68%) domains. Logistic regression modeling revealed that younger participants have more un-met needs in all domains and those with more children reported fewer un-met needs in patient care and support domains. In addition, married women had more un-met supportive care needs related to sexuality.


CONCLUSIONS
The high rate of un-met supportive care needs in all domains suggests that supportive care services are desperately required for breast cancer patients in Iran. Moreover, services that address informational needs and physical and daily living needs ought to be the priority, with particular attention paid to younger women. Further research is clearly needed to fully understand supportive care needs in this cultural context.
Implementation of OFDM System using IFFT and FFT

Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) is a multi-carrier system where data bits are encoded to multiple subcarriers, while being sent simultaneously. This results in the optimal usage of bandwidth. A set of orthogonal sub-carriers together forms an OFDM symbol. To avoid ISI due to multi-path, successive OFDM symbols are separated by guard band. This makes the OFDM system resistant to multipath effects. The principles of OFDM modulation have been around since 1960s. However, recently, the attention toward OFDM has grown dramatically in the field of wireless and wired communication systems. This is reflected by the adoption of this technique in applications such as digital audio/video broadcast (DAB/DVB), wireless LAN (802.11a and HiperLAN2), broadband wireless (802.16) and xDSL. In this work, a pure VHDL design, integrated with some intellectual property (IP) blocks, is employed to implement an OFDM transmitter and receiver. In this paper design of OFDM system using IFFT and FFT blocks has been introduced and simulation was done on XILINX ISE 14.2 software. Keywords– FFT, IFFT, OFDM, QAM, VHDL.
A Multiobjective Sparse Feature Learning Model for Deep Neural Networks

Hierarchical deep neural networks are currently popular learning models for imitating the hierarchical architecture of human brain. Single-layer feature extractors are the bricks to build deep networks. Sparse feature learning models are popular models that can learn useful representations. But most of those models need a user-defined constant to control the sparsity of representations. In this paper, we propose a multiobjective sparse feature learning model based on the autoencoder. The parameters of the model are learnt by optimizing two objectives, reconstruction error and the sparsity of hidden units simultaneously to find a reasonable compromise between them automatically. We design a multiobjective induced learning procedure for this model based on a multiobjective evolutionary algorithm. In the experiments, we demonstrate that the learning procedure is effective, and the proposed multiobjective model can learn useful sparse features.
The effect of four different antihypertensive medications on cardiovascular regulation in hypertensive sleep apneic patients – assessment by spectral analysis of heart rate and blood pressure variability

Objective: To study the effect of antihypertensive medications on autonomic nervous system in patients with hypertension and sleep apnea syndrome using frequency domain measures of heart rate and blood pressure variabilities. Methods: The β-receptor blocking agent atenolol (50 mg), the calcium antagonist isradipine SRO (2.5 mg), the diuretic hydrochlorothiazide (25 mg) and the ACE inhibitor spirapril (6 mg) once daily were given in a double-blind crossover schedule for 8 weeks. Cardiovascular autonomic control was assessed using frequency domain measures of heart rate variability during the spontaneous and controlled breathing tests. During orthostatic maneuver and cold pressor test the blood pressure variability analysis also was performed. Results: In general, the responses of heart rate and blood pressure variabilities were abnormal in the patients with arterial hypertension and sleep apnea syndrome compared to reference data. Of the four drugs, only atenolol effected heart rate and blood pressure variabilities as it shifted the autonomic regulation to the vagal direction. Other antihypertensive drugs did not change any parameter of heart rate or blood pressure variabilities. Conclusion: The short-term treatment with atenolol in patients with arterial hypertension and sleep apnea syndrome is associated with normalization of autonomic nervous control judged by heart rate and blood pressure variability. Thus, β-receptor blockade may have adjunctive beneficial effects beyond blood pressure reduction in these patients. However, the long-term effects of blood pressure reduction on autonomic nervous control remain to be studied.
Intelligent churn prediction in telecom: employing mRMR feature selection and RotBoost based ensemble classification

Churn prediction in telecom has recently gained substantial interest of stakeholders because of associated revenue losses. Predicting telecom churners, is a challenging problem due to the enormous nature of the telecom datasets. In this regard, we propose an intelligent churn prediction system for telecom by employing efficient feature extraction technique and ensemble method. We have used Random Forest, Rotation Forest, RotBoost and DECORATE ensembles in combination with minimum redundancy and maximum relevance (mRMR), Fisher’s ratio and F-score methods to model the telecom churn prediction problem. We have observed that mRMR method returns most explanatory features compared to Fisher’s ratio and F-score, which significantly reduces the computations and help ensembles in attaining improved performance. In comparison to Random Forest, Rotation Forest and DECORATE, RotBoost in combination with mRMR features attains better prediction performance on the standard telecom datasets. The better performance of RotBoost ensemble is largely attributed to the rotation of feature space, which enables the base classifier to learn different aspects of the churners and non-churners. Moreover, the Adaboosting process in RotBoost also contributes in achieving higher prediction accuracy by handling hard instances. The performance evaluation is conducted on standard telecom datasets using AUC, sensitivity and specificity based measures. Simulation results reveal that the proposed approach based on RotBoost in combination with mRMR features (CP-MRB) is effective in handling high dimensionality of the telecom datasets. CP-MRB offers higher accuracy in predicting churners and thus is quite prospective in modeling the challenging problems of customer churn prediction in telecom.
Aging, Social Security Design, and Capital Accumulation

This paper analyzes the impact of aging on capital accumulation and welfare in a country with a sizable unfunded social security system. Using a two-period overlapping generation model with potentially endogenous retirement decisions, the paper shows that the type of aging, i.e. declining fertility or increasing longevity, and the type of unfunded social security system, i.e. defined contributions or defined benefits, are important in understanding this impact. Moreover, the analysis provides a refinement to common policy recommendations that favor eliminating mandatory early retirement regulations in aging societies: aging leads to a greater increase in welfare when it is driven by an increasing longevity and the retirement age is unregulated. In comparison, when aging is driven by a decreasing fertility rate, a mandatory retirement system fosters more savings and, thus, income and welfare, in a closed economy with unfunded pension system based on defined contributions. JEL-Codes: H200, F420, H800.
Risk-adapted approach for fever and neutropenia in paediatric cancer patients--a national multicentre study.

BACKGROUND
In this national multicentre study, we examined the safety of reducing antibiotics in selected paediatric cancer patients with febrile neutropenia.


METHODS
Patients with signs of a bacterial infection and/or abnormal vital signs indicating sepsis were considered high risk and received antibiotic therapy. Remaining patients were allocated to low- or medium risk, depending on their interleukin-8 level. Low-risk patients did not receive any antibiotics and were discharged from the hospital after having been afebrile for 12 h. Medium-risk patients were re-evaluated after 72 h of antibiotic treatment and, in selected patients, antibiotics were stopped.


RESULTS
Two hundred thirty-three febrile neutropenic episodes in 141 paediatric cancer patients were included in the study. Sixty-four episodes were classified high risk (28%), 122 medium risk (52%), and 47 (20%) low risk. In the medium-risk group, antibiotics were stopped after 72 h in 50 in 122 episodes (41%). Median duration of antibiotic treatment and hospital admission was significantly lower in low- and medium-risk episodes with early discharge. No failures were observed in the medium-risk group with early discharge. In the low-risk group, six failures were observed (12.8%), due to coagulase-negative staphylococci-positive blood cultures and recurrent fever.


CONCLUSION
We showed that it is safe to shorten antibiotic treatment to 72 h in selected medium-risk patients with febrile neutropenia, regardless of the neutrophil count. The safety of withholding antibiotics in selected low-risk paediatric cancer patients with febrile neutropenia requires further investigation, using more suitable definitions for safety. Reduction in hospital admissions allows children with cancer more time at home and consequently improves their quality of life.
Deriving modified Rankin scores from medical case-records.

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE
Modified Rankin score (mRS) is traditionally graded using a face-to-face or telephone interview. Certain stroke assessment scales can be derived from a review of a patient's case-record alone. We hypothesized that mRS could be successfully derived from the narrative within patient case-records.


METHODS
Sequential patients attending our cerebrovascular outpatient clinic were included. Two independent, blinded clinicians, trained in mRS, assessed case-records to derive mRS. They scored "certainty" of their grading on a 5-point Likert scale. Agreement between derived and traditional face-to-face mRS was calculated using attribute agreement analysis.


RESULTS
Fifty patients with a range of disabilities were included. Case-record appraisers were poor at deriving mRS (k=0.34 against standard). Derived mRS grades showed poor agreement between observers (k=0.33). There was no relationship between certainty of derived mRS and proportion of correct grades (P=0.727).


CONCLUSIONS
Accurate mRS cannot be derived from standard hospital records. Direct mRS interview is still required for clinical trials.
NERD: A Not-so-novel Endpoint ID (EID) to Routing Locator (RLOC) Database

The Locator/ID Separation Protocol (LISP) is a protocol to encapsulate IP packets in order to allow end sites to route to one another without injecting routes from one end of the Internet to another. This memo presents an experimental database and a discussion of methods to transport the mapping of Endpoint IDs (EIDs) to Routing Locators (RLOCs) to routers in a reliable, scalable, and secure manner. Our analysis concludes that transport of all EID-to-RLOC mappings scales well to at least 10^8 entries. Status of This Memo This document is not an Internet Standards Track specification; it is published for examination, experimental implementation, and evaluation. This document defines an Experimental Protocol for the Internet community. This is a contribution to the RFC Series, independently of any other RFC stream. The RFC Editor has chosen to publish this document at its discretion and makes no statement about its value for implementation or deployment. Documents approved for publication by the RFC Editor are not a candidate for any level of Internet Standard; see Section 2 of RFC 5741. Information about the current status of this document, any errata, and how to provide feedback on it may be obtained at
Prevention of hypertrophic scars and keloids by the prophylactic use of topical silicone gel sheets following a surgical procedure in an office setting.

BACKGROUND
Topical silicone gel sheeting has been used for more than 20 years to help reduce the size of hypertrophic scars and keloids. Its clinical efficacy and safety is well established.


OBJECTIVE
To determine whether topical silicone gel sheeting can be used to prevent hypertrophic scars and keloids from forming following dermatologic skin surgery.


METHODS
Patients undergoing skin surgery were stratified into two groups: those with no history of abnormal scarring (low-risk group) and those with a history of abnormal scarring (high-risk group). Following the procedure, patients within each group were randomized to receive either routine postoperative care or topical silicone gel sheeting (48 hours after surgery). Patients were followed for 6 months.


RESULTS
In the low-risk group, there were no statistical differences between individuals using routine postoperative care or using topical silicone gel sheets. In the high-risk group, there was a statistical difference (39% versus 71%) between patients who did not develop abnormal scars and used topical silicone gel sheeting and patients who developed abnormal scars after routine postoperative treatment. Those individuals having a scar revision procedure also showed a statistical difference if topical silicone gel sheeting was used following surgery.


CONCLUSION
Topical silicone gel sheeting, with a 20-year history of satisfaction in dermatology, now appears to be useful in the prevention of hypertrophic scars and keloids in patients undergoing scar revision.
Satellite Image Resolution Enhancement Using Dual-Tree Complex Wavelet Transform and Nonlocal Means

Resolution enhancement RE methods are not based on wavelets and it suffer from the disadvantage of losing high frequency content which results in blurring. The discrete wavelet-transform-based (DWT) RE scheme forms artifacts which are because of a DWT shift-variant property. The dual-tree complex wavelet transform (DT-CWT) and nonlocal means (NLM) are based on a wavelet-domain approach and it p roposed for satellite images of RE. DT -CWT is nearly shift invariant and it is decomposed from a satellite input image which is used to obtain high-frequency subbands. Lanczos interpolator used for low-resolution input images and the high-frequency subbands interpolation and the high frequency subbands are approved through an NLM filter to provide for the art ifacts generated by DT-CWT .The filtered high-frequency subbands as well as the LR input image are combined using inverse DT-CWT to get a resolution-enhanced image. Objective and subjective analyses make known the advantage of the planned technique over the conventional with state-of-the-art RE techniques.
Fix It or Leave It? Customer Recovery from Self-service Technology Failures

Self-service technologies (SSTs), such as airport check-in kiosks, can provide customers faster, better, and less expensive services. Yet sometimes customers experience service failures with these technologies. This study investigates the process by which customers recover from SST failures using their own effort (i.e., customer recovery) and explores their decisions to stay with or switch from the SST. Drawing from expectancy and attribution theories, we develop a process model centered on customer-recovery expectancy and test the model by tracking actual failure responses. The results show that internal attribution, perceived control over the SST, and SST interactivity all positively influence customerrecovery expectancy. In turn, expectancy affects customers’ recovery effort and recovery strategies, depending on the availability of competitive information. Furthermore, greater recovery effort increases the likelihood of staying with an SST, whereas more recovery strategies increase the likelihood of switching. The theoretical and managerial implications of these findings include ways to design SSTs to enhance recovery expectancy, a key mechanism of the recovery process, and thus to encourage customers to persist with the technologies. © 2012 New York University. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
Comparison of compression screw and perpendicular clamp in ulnar shortening osteotomy.

PURPOSE
To biomechanically quantify 2 techniques, compression screw and perpendicular clamp, for generating compression during ulnar shortening osteotomy (USO) in order to promote reliable primary bone healing.


METHODS
Fourteen fresh-frozen cadaveric human forearms were randomly assigned to 1 of 2 groups. Group I (n = 7) underwent USO according to the traditional AO plate fixation technique using a screw placed eccentrically in an oblong hole to generate compression at the osteotomy site. Group II (n = 7) underwent USO with a commercially available USO plating system using a clamp placed perpendicular to the osteotomy site to generate compression. Both techniques involved a 2-mm resection osteotomy performed with cutting jigs to minimize variability and an interfragmentary lag screw to augment compression. A digital pressure sensor measured contact area at the osteotomy site and average pressure in the observed contact area; these values were used to calculate force across the osteotomy site. Measurements were obtained after the following steps: reduction of osteotomy, compression screw placement (group 1 only), lag screw placement, and final construct with all clamps removed.


RESULTS
Group II demonstrated significantly greater force than group I, and lag screw placement resulted in significantly increased force independent of fixation technique. The effect of the lag screw on force was maintained after clamp removal. Although technique of fixation did not significantly influence contact area, lag screw placement significantly increased contact area independent of fixation method. However, this effect was not maintained after clamp removal. Average pressure in the observed contact area was not significantly influenced by fixation technique or stage of fixation.


CONCLUSIONS
Perpendicular clamp compression significantly increased force as compared with traditional compression screw technique, and lag screw placement significantly increased force in both constructs.


CLINICAL RELEVANCE
Larger compressive forces across the osteotomy may promote primary bone union and decrease the rates of delayed union or nonunion.
Toward Cognitive Vehicles

As a result of more cars on the road, traffic becomes more congested and streets become more risky. In addition, new communication and entertainment applications make drivers ever-more over-burdened and distracted. To relieve the continually increasing stress on drivers and reduce the number of accidents, current intelligent vehicle research is attempting to understand and model drivers. This article surveys recent works on cognitive vehicles that model drivers in a stimuli-decision-reaction mode and, on vehicle system side, improve perception, suggestion, and function delegation of traffic environment. The authors illustrate the relationships between recent models and methods and list related research challenges, while introducing applications of the driver-cognition models in intelligent vehicle control systems.
Prediction and course of symptoms and lung function around an exacerbation in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

BACKGROUND
Frequent exacerbations induce a high burden to Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD). We investigated the course of exacerbations in the published COSMIC study that investigated the effects of 1-year withdrawal of fluticasone after a 3-month run-in treatment period with salmeterol/fluticasone in patients with COPD.


METHODS
In 373 patients, we evaluated diary cards for symptoms, Peak Expiratory Flow (PEF), and salbutamol use and assessed their course during exacerbations.


RESULTS
There were 492 exacerbations in 224 patients. The level of symptoms of cough, sputum, dyspnea and nocturnal awakening steadily increased from 2 weeks prior to exacerbation, with a sharp rise during the last week. Symptoms of cough, sputum, and dyspnea reverted to baseline values at different rates (after 4, 4, and 7 weeks respectively), whereas symptoms of nocturnal awakening were still increased after eight weeks. The course of symptoms was similar around a first and second exacerbation. Increases in symptoms and salbutamol use and decreases in PEF were associated with a higher risk to develop an exacerbation, but with moderate predictive values, the areas under the receiver operating curves ranging from 0.63 to 0.70.


CONCLUSIONS
Exacerbations of COPD are associated with increased symptoms that persist for weeks and the course is very similar between a first and second exacerbation. COPD exacerbations are preceded by increased symptoms and salbutamol use and lower PEF, yet predictive values are too low to warrant daily use in clinical practice.
Twelve months clinical outcome after bioresorbable vascular scaffold implantation in patients with stable angina and acute coronary syndrome. Data from the Polish National Registry

INTRODUCTION
There are limited data describing bioresorbable vascular scaffold (BVS) implantation in complex lesions. Only short-term clinical outcomes are available for patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS).


AIM
To evaluate 12-month clinical outcome, safety and effectiveness of BVS implantation in complex lesions and in stable angina (SA) or ACS.


MATERIAL AND METHODS
Five hundred ninety-one patients with SA/ACS were enrolled between October 2012 and November 2013 in 30 invasive cardiology centres in Poland. At least one BVS implantation during percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) was the only inclusion criteria. The clinical endpoint was the occurrence of a major adverse cardiovascular event (MACE) (all-cause death, myocardial infarction (MI), clinically driven target lesion revascularisation (TLR) with urgent PCI or target vessel revascularisation (TVR) with urgent coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG)) and device-oriented composite endpoint (DOCE) (cardiac death, urgent target vessel revascularisation with PCI/CABG, target vessel MI) during 12-month follow-up.


RESULTS
After 12 months TLR with urgent PCI was significantly more often reported in patients with diagnosed UA (4.59%; p < 0.02) in comparison with other PCI indications. No significant differences were found in terms of composite MACE endpoint, cumulative MACE (p = 0.09), stent thrombosis (p = 0.2) or restenosis (p = 0.2). There were no significant differences in cumulative MACE and composite MACE endpoint between patients with no/mild versus moderate/severe tortuosity and no/mild versus moderate/severe calcification of the target vessel. No significant difference was found between groups of patients with or without bifurcation of the target vessel. Device-oriented composite endpoint was significantly more often reported in the ACS group (3.2% vs. 0.47%; p < 0.03), most frequently in patients with diagnosed UA (5.5%).


CONCLUSIONS
Bioresorbable vascular scaffold can be successfully and safely used for ACS treatment and in lesions of higher complexity.