LLukas22/scidocs huggingface dataset:
Dedicated operating room for emergency surgery improves access and efficiency.

BACKGROUND
Scheduling emergency cases among elective surgeries often results in prolonged waits for emergency surgery and delays or cancellation of elective cases. We evaluated the benefits of a dedicated operating room (OR) for emergency procedures available to all surgical services at a large children's hospital.


METHODS
We compared a 6-month period (January 2009 to June 2009) preimplementation with a 6-month period (January 2010 to June 2010) postimplementation of a dedicated OR. We evaluated OR use, wait times, percentage of cases done within and outside of access targets, off-hours surgery, cancellations, overruns and length of stay.


RESULTS
Preimplementation, 1069 of the 5500 surgeries performed were emergency cases. Postimplementation, 1084 of the 5358 surgeries performed were emergency cases. Overall use of the dedicated OR was 53% (standard deviation 25%) postimplementation. Excluding outliers, the average wait time for priority 3 emergency patients decreased from 11 hours 8 minutes to 10 hours 5 minutes (p = 0.004). An increased proportion of priority 3 patients, from 52% to 58%, received surgery within 12 hours (p = 0.020). There was a 9% decrease in the proportion of priority 3 cases completed during the evening and night (p < 0.001). The elective surgical schedule benefited from the dedicated OR, with a significant decrease in cancellations (1.5% v. 0.7%, p < 0.001) and an accumulated decrease of 5211 minutes in overrun minutes in elective rooms. The average hospital stay after emergency surgery decreased from 16.0 days to 14.7 days (p = 0.12) following implementation of the dedicated OR.


CONCLUSION
A dedicated OR for emergency cases improved quality of care by decreasing cancellations and overruns in elective rooms and increasing the proportion of priority 3 patients who accessed care within the targeted time.
Facilitation of benzodiazepine discontinuation by melatonin: a new clinical approach.

BACKGROUND
Benzodiazepines are the most frequently used drug for the treatment of insomnia. Prolonged use of benzodiazepine therapy is not recommended. However, many patients, particularly older patients, have difficulties discontinuing therapy. Melatonin, a hormone that is produced at night by the pineal gland, promotes normal sleep in humans and augments sleep induction by benzodiazepine therapy.


OBJECTIVE
To assess whether the administration of melatonin could facilitate the discontinuation of benzodiazepine therapy in patients with insomnia.


METHODS
Thirty-four subjects receiving benzodiazepine therapy were enrolled in the 2-period study. In period 1, patients received (double-blinded) melatonin (2 mg in a controlled-release formulation) or a placebo nightly for 6 weeks. They were encouraged to reduce their benzodiazepine dosage 50% during week 2, 75% during weeks 3 and 4, and to discontinue benzodiazepine therapy completely during weeks 5 and 6. In period 2, melatonin was administered (single-blinded) for 6 weeks to all subjects and attempts to discontinue benzodiazepine therapy were resumed. Benzodiazepine consumption and subjective sleep-quality scores were reported daily by all patients. All subjects were then allowed to continue melatonin therapy and follow-up reassessments were performed 6 months later.


RESULTS
By the end of period 1, 14 of 18 subjects who had received melatonin therapy, but only 4 of 16 in the placebo group, discontinued benzodiazepine therapy (P = .006). Sleep-quality scores were significantly higher in the melatonin therapy group (P = .04). Six additional subjects in the placebo group discontinued benzodiazepine therapy when given melatonin in period 2. The 6-month follow-up assessments revealed that of the 24 patients who discontinued benzodiazepine and received melatonin therapy, 19 maintained good sleep quality.


CONCLUSION
Controlled-release melatonin may effectively facilitate discontinuation of benzodiazepine therapy while maintaining good sleep quality.
Using LSTM encoder-decoder algorithm for detecting anomalous ADS-B messages

Although the ADS-B system is going to play a major role in the safe navigation of airplanes and air traffic control (ATC) management, it is also well known for its lack of security mechanisms. Previous research has proposed various methods for improving the security of the ADS-B system and mitigating associated risks. However, these solutions typically require the use of additional participating nodes (or sensors) (e.g., to verify the location of the airplane by analyzing the physical signal) or modification of the current protocol architecture (e.g., adding encryption or authentication mechanisms.) Due to the regulation process regarding avionic systems and the fact that the ADS-B system is already deployed in most airplanes, applying such modifications to the current protocol at this stage is impractical. In this paper we propose an alternative security solution for detecting anomalous ADS-B messages aimed at the detection of spoofed or manipulated ADSB messages sent by an attacker or compromised airplane. The proposed approach utilizes an LSTM encoder-decoder algorithm for modeling flight routes by analyzing sequences of legitimate ADS-B messages. Using these models, aircraft can autonomously evaluate received ADS-B messages and identify deviations from the legitimate flight path (i.e., anomalies). We examined our approach on six different flight route datasets to which we injected different types of anomalies. Using our approach we were able to detect all of the injected attacks with an average false alarm rate of 4.3% for all of datasets. Keywords—ADS-B; Security; LSTM; Anomaly Detection; Aviation.
State-of-Health Estimation of Li-ion Batteries: Cycle Life Test Methods

Despite a rapid development, cost, performance and durability of the energy storage system are still a hindrance for a wide commercialisation of heavy-duty hybrid electric vehicles (HEV). The purpose of the work presented in this thesis is to investigate how different load cycle properties affect the cycle life and ageing processes of Li-ion cells developed for use in HEVs. The cycle life of commercial LiFePO4/graphite Li-ion cells was tested using a range of operating conditions and battery load cycles based on conditions relevant to heavy-duty HEVs. Established methods for cell performance evaluation have been combined with half-cell measurements and analysis methods such as incremental capacity analysis, differential voltage analysis and impedance spectroscopy to characterise the cell ageing in terms of capacity fade, power fade and impedance rise. Furthermore, a simplified cell fade model is used to distinguish between different likely ageing mechanisms. Loss of cyclable lithium is found to be the main contribution to ageing during the first phase of cycling, followed by an accelerated loss of active anode material towards the end of the battery cycle life. The longest lifetime is observed for cells cycled with low peak currents and a narrow SOC range. In addition, high charge current is found to affect the cycle life profoundly. On the contrary, a moderate temperature increase did not result in a shorter cycle life. Despite similarities in average current and SOC range, the load cycle properties are found to have a significant effect on the ageing characteristics, indicating that a more detailed evaluation of load cycle properties is needed to enable a cycle life estimation model.
Health-related quality of life in Australian adults with renal insufficiency: a population-based study.

BACKGROUND
Health-related quality of life is increasingly recognized as an important outcome in clinical research and patient care. Although there are a large number of reports of quality of life in the setting of end-stage renal disease, the impact of lesser degrees of renal impairment in the general population has not been described.


METHODS
Data relating to quality of life measured by the Medical Outcomes Study 36-Item Short Form (SF-36) was available for 10,525 participants (93.6%) of the Australian Diabetes, Obesity and Lifestyle Study, a randomly selected representative sample of the Australian population aged 25 years or older. Results are examined by category of renal function (Cockcroft-Gault estimated glomerular filtration rate: normal, > or =60 mL/min/1.73 m2; renal insufficiency, <60 mL/min/1.73 m2).


RESULTS
Significant impairment in health-related quality of life was seen with renal insufficiency for all SF-36 scales except Vitality and Mental Health. Adjusting for the substantial comorbidity associated with renal insufficiency, scores for Physical Functioning, Role-Physical, General Health, Vitality, and Role-Emotional were significantly lower. Examination of age-specific effects on health-related quality of life showed that mental health was particularly impaired in the younger age group, and Physical Functioning, in the older age group with renal insufficiency. Patterns of impairment were similar in men and women.


CONCLUSION
Results from this study indicate that the current emphasis on clinical interventions aimed at preserving renal function are likely to improve the negative impact of kidney disease on health-related quality of life; however, prospective studies are needed to confirm these findings.
Using a suite of ontologies for preserving workflow-centric research objects

Scientific workflows are a popular mechanism for specifying and automating data-driven in silico experiments. A significant aspect of their value lies in their potential to be reused. Once shared, workflows become useful building blocks that can be combined or modified for developing new experiments. However, previous studies have shown that storing workflow specifications alone is not sufficient to ensure that they can be successfully reused, without being able to understandwhat theworkflows aim to achieve or to re-enact them. To gain an understanding of theworkflow, and how itmay be used and repurposed for their needs, scientists require access to additional resources such as annotations describing theworkflow, datasets used and produced by the workflow, and provenance traces recording workflow executions. In this article, we present a novel approach to the preservation of scientific workflows through the application of research objects—aggregations of data andmetadata that enrich theworkflow specifications. Our approach is realised as a suite of ontologies that support the creation of workflow-centric research objects. Their design was guided by requirements elicited from previous empirical analyses of workflow decay and repair. The ontologies developed make use of and extend existing well known ontologies, namely the Object Reuse and Exchange (ORE) vocabulary, the Annotation Ontology (AO) and the W3C PROV ontology (PROVO). We illustrate the application of the ontologies for building Workflow Research Objects with a case-study that investigates Huntington’s disease, performed in collaboration with a team from the Leiden University Medial Centre (HG-LUMC). Finally we present a number of tools developed for creating and managing workflow-centric research objects. © 2015 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. This is an open access article under the CC BY license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
GATA: GPS-Arduino based Tracking and Alarm system for protection of wildlife animals

In the present arena, wildlife and forest departments are facing the problem of movement of animals from forest area to residential area. The number of trees has reduced drastically from the forest that creates an unhealthy environment for animals to survive in the forest. This paper proposes a system we call GATA for tracking and alarming for the protection of Wildlife Animals. GATA combined Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) [1] and Global Positioning System (GPS) technologies to solve the above mentioned problem. Wild animals straying out of wildlife sanctuaries and natural parks have been tracked by auto generative location tracking and movement patterns. Automatic location and movement tracking has been implemented using GPS with the accelerometer and the WiFi shield. In the event of straying of a wild animal out of the predefined zone of sanctuary or natural reserve, an alert is sounded on a fixed base station (BS). As a prototype, we have tested this hardware on the cows, which shows that the proposed approach is very efficient in terms of flexibility and cost. This may be acting as a deterrent to various anti social activities poaching, train delays, railway accidents and danger to man due to the straying out of the animals off their habitation zone.
THE ROLE OF CUSTOMER-BASED BRAND EQUITY IN THE BRAND PERSONALITY EFFECT ON PURCHASE INTENTION

In the Brand literature, few studies especially in Iran investigated the brand functions and business success. Hence, this study aims to provide the desirable model to creation and developing a deeper insight into the role of brand equity in the relationship between brand personality and customers purchase intention. The study statistical population consists of the whole Mellat Bank customers in Qazvin province, which used a questionnaire to collect data from them. In addition to, four hypotheses were announced and tested using structural equation modeling techniques. Research findings show the significant and positive effects of the brand personality on brand equity and purchase intention. Likewise, the results revealed that brand equity has a positive influence on customers' purchase intention and has a positive mediator role for the other two variables. According to the results of study, it is recommended to organizations and those marketing managers to take action to create a positive brand personality until make differentiation in customers minds compared to other brands and enhance brand equity and achieved to the comprehensive understanding of consumer behavior. © 2015 AESS Publications. All Rights Reserved.
Phase III randomized equivalence trial of early breast cancer treatments with or without axillary clearance in post-menopausal patients results after 5 years of follow-up.

BACKGROUND
Axillary lymph node clearance (ALNC) improves locoregional control and provides prognostic information for early breast cancer treatment, but effects on survival are controversial. This multicentre, randomized pragmatic equivalence trial compares outcomes for post-menopausal early invasive breast cancer patients after locoregional treatment with ALNC and adjuvant therapies to outcomes after locoregional treatment without ALNC and adjuvant therapies.


METHODS
From 1995-2005, women aged ≥ 50 years with early breast cancer (tumor ≤ 10 mm) and clinically-negative axillary nodes were randomized to receive treatment with ALNC (Ax) or without (no-Ax). Adjuvant therapies were prescribed according to hormonal receptor status and individual histological results. The primary endpoint was overall survival (OS); secondary endpoints were event-free survival (EFS) and functional outcomes. The trial was terminated due to lack of equivalence and low accrual after first interim analyses.


TRIAL REGISTRATION
NCT00210236.


RESULTS
Of 625 patients, 297 no-Ax and 310 Ax patients were maintained for final per-protocol analyses. OS and EFS at five years were not equivalent (Ax vs. no-Ax: 98% vs. 94% and 96% vs. 90% respectively). Recurrence was higher for no-Ax, particularly in the first five years after surgery. Axillary nodes were positive for 14% Ax patients but only 2% no-Ax patients experienced axillary node recurrence. Functional impairments were greater after ALNC.


CONCLUSION
Our results fail to demonstrate equivalence of outcomes when ALNC is omitted from post-menopausal early breast cancer patient treatment. However the low locoregional recurrence rates warrant further examination over a longer duration, in particular to consider whether these would impact on survival.
Girl power and word‐of‐mouth behavior in the flourishing sports market

Purpose – To investigate the influence of word-of-mouth (WOM) behavior among the growing teenage female market segment in the flourishing sports market. Design/methodology/approach – A sample of 118 teenaged girls, aged 13-18, participated in the study. The theory of consumer socialization and interpersonal influence was used as the conceptual foundation to generate hypotheses concerning female teens’ susceptibility to interpersonal influence, self-esteem, and WOM behavior. Female teens’ ethnicity and media habits were also investigated. Findings – All hypotheses were either supported or partially supported, suggesting that female teens’ susceptibility to interpersonal influence and selfesteem are related to athlete WOM behavior. Additionally, African-American teenaged girls had significantly higher media habits than Caucasian teenaged girls. Research limitations/implications – The research is based on a small sample of teenaged girls from one region of the USA. However, the sample is from a diverse socioeconomic group of teenagers, and represents a relatively unexplored, yet extremely important, consumer market segment. Practical implications – The study provides insights for managers who want to learn more about the WOM behavior of one of the largest and most powerful market segments in the USA. Implications and applications are given to consumer marketers to help better serve this segment. Originality/value – This paper fills a gap in the literature on female teens and what influences their WOM behavior in the enormous and growing sports market. Additionally, the paper looks at ethnicity and media habits and how these variables may impact on WOM behavior.
Appendices for "reflections on teaching computer ethics"

The appendices that follow were inadvertently left out of the September 1983 issu e of the Bulletin and are printed at this time with apologies to the author. Appendix A-Organization of the Cours e This course was offered for the first time as a Special Topics course during sprin g quarter, 1982. Students were informed about the course through an "advertising campaign " that included passing out a brief course description to students in Computer Scienc e before they registered for spring quarter. The class was limited to seniors in Compute r Science though later a few graduate students also were admitted. The class size wa s initially set at 20, though, for various reasons, 26 were allowed to register. Fiv e students dropped the course before the "drop deadline" and the other 21 received a grade. Of the five who dropped the course, three said it was because they did not hav e enough time and the other two because they did not want to write a research paper. Ther e was not any perceived difference in the activity (or grade) between the underegraduat e and graduate students. Certainly, the graduate students did not dominate the class. The course met on Monday evenings each week for three hours. A break of 20 minute s was scheduled in the middlle. This format was chosen in order to optimize clas s discussion by having larger "chunks" of time and to allow students working during the da y a chance to take a course in the evening. This format worked well and, in evaluation b y the students , Course Outline no-one suggested changing it. Week 1 (1) Introductio n (2) Discussion of Ethics-Students assigned Ethics Paper to rea d Week 2 (1) Discussion of Ethics Pape r (2) Review of Ethical Guidelines proposed by various professional societie s Week 3 (1) Case Studies involving conflict over obligations and implicit contractua l arrangements Disputed Rights to Product s Week 4 (1) (2) Discuss proposed Student Research Projects (individually) Week 5 (1) Confidentiality of Sensitive Data and Invasion of Privac y (2) Personal Morality and Organizational Loyalt y Week 6 (1) Responsibility for Computer Applications with Unknown or Controversia l Consequences Responsibility for Dissemination of Complete an d (2) Week 7 (1) Accurate Information to decision-makers or the Publi c Another look at Ethical Guideline s (2) Exam Weeks 8-10 Oral Presentations of …
The effects of low-dose ketamine on the prefrontal cortex and amygdala in treatment-resistant depression: A randomized controlled study.

BACKGROUND
Low-dose ketamine has been found to have robust and rapid antidepressant effects. A hypoactive prefrontal cortex (PFC) and a hyperactive amygdala have been suggested to be associated with treatment-resistant depression (TRD). However, it is unclear whether the rapid antidepressant mechanisms of ketamine on TRD involve changes in glutamatergic neurotransmission in the PFC and the amygdala.


METHODS
A group of 48 TRD patients were recruited and equally randomized into three groups (A: 0.5 kg/mg-ketamine; B: 0.2 kg/mg-ketamine; and C: normal saline [NS]). Standardized uptake values (SUV) of glucose metabolism measured by (18) F-FDG positron-emission-tomography before and immediately after a 40-min ketamine or NS infusion were used for subsequent region-of-interest (ROI) analyses (a priori regions: PFC and amygdala) and whole-brain voxel-wise analyses and were correlated with antidepressant responses, as defined by the Hamilton depression rating scale score. The (18) F-FDG signals were used as a proxy measure of glutamate neurotransmission.


RESULTS
The ROI analysis indicated that Group A and Group B, but not Group C, had increases in the SUV of the PFC (group-by-time interaction: F = 7.373, P = 0.002), whereas decreases in the SUV of the amygdala were observed in all three groups (main effect of time, P < 0.001). The voxel-wise analysis further confirmed a significant group effect on the PFC (corrected for family-wise errors, P < 0.05; post hoc analysis: Group A<Group C, Group B<Group C). The SUV differences in the PFC predicted the antidepressant responses at 40 and 240 min post-treatment. The PFC changes did not differ between those with and without side effects.


CONCLUSION
Ketamine's rapid antidepressant effects involved the facilitation of glutamatergic neurotransmission in the PFC.
Wage, work environment, and staffing: effects on nurse outcomes.

Research has shown that hospitals with better nurse staffing and work environments have better nurse outcomes-less burnout, job dissatisfaction, and intention to leave the job. Many studies, however, have not accounted for wage effects, which may confound findings. By using a secondary analysis with cross-sectional administrative data and a four-state survey of nurses, we investigated how wage, work environment, and staffing were associated with nurse outcomes. Logistic regression models, with and without wage, were used to estimate the effects of work environment and staffing on burnout, job dissatisfaction, and intent to leave. We discovered that wage was associated with job dissatisfaction and intent to leave but had little influence on burnout, while work environment and average patient-to-nurse ratio still have considerable effects on nurse outcomes. Wage is important for good nurse outcomes, but it does not diminish the significant influence of work environment and staffing on nurse outcomes.
Performance analysis based resource allocation for green cloud computing

Cloud computing has become a new computing paradigm that has huge potentials in enterprise and business. Green cloud computing is also becoming increasingly important in a world with limited energy resources and an ever-rising demand for more computational power. To maximize utilization and minimize total cost of the cloud computing infrastructure and running applications, resources need to be managed properly and virtual machines shall allocate proper host nodes to perform the computation. In this paper, we propose performance analysis based resource allocation scheme for the efficient allocation of virtual machines on the cloud infrastructure. We experimented the proposed resource allocation algorithm using CloudSim and its performance is compared with two other existing models.