LLukas22/scidocs huggingface dataset:
A CMOS MEMS Pirani vacuum gauge with complementary bump heat sink and cavity heater

A novel CMOS-MEMS Pirani vacuum gauge with complementary bump heat-sink and cavity heater design has been proposed and demonstrated. This design using CMOS-MEMS process to offer the following advantages for Pirani gauge: (1) The bump heat-sink vertical integrates with cavity heater increases the dynamic range and sensitivity without changing device footprint size, (2) The cavity in heater reduces the thermal mass for low-power operation, and (3) Easy integration with packaged CMOS-MEMS devices for pressure monitoring [1]. The design is implemented using the standard TSMC 0.18μm 1P6M CMOS process. A 120μm×120μm die size with 0.53μm sensing gap is demonstrated. Measurement indicates the gauge has sensing range 0.3-100torr with sensitivity of 1.53×104(K/W)/torr. The power consumption is 67μW for 1% resistance change. In comparison, the gauge with typical heat-sink/heater design has sensing range 1-100torr with sensitivity of 0.99×104(K/W)/torr and power consumption of 119μW.
Fat-suppression techniques for 3-T MR imaging of the musculoskeletal system.

Fat suppression is an important technique in musculoskeletal imaging to improve the visibility of bone-marrow lesions; evaluate fat in soft-tissue masses; optimize the contrast-to-noise ratio in magnetic resonance (MR) arthrography; better define lesions after administration of contrast material; and avoid chemical shift artifacts, primarily at 3-T MR imaging. High-field-strength (eg, 3-T) MR imaging has specific technical characteristics compared with lower-field-strength MR imaging that influence the use and outcome of various fat-suppression techniques. The most commonly used fat-suppression techniques for musculoskeletal 3-T MR imaging include chemical shift (spectral) selective (CHESS) fat saturation, inversion recovery pulse sequences (eg, short inversion time inversion recovery [STIR]), hybrid pulse sequences with spectral and inversion-recovery (eg, spectral adiabatic inversion recovery and spectral attenuated inversion recovery [SPAIR]), spatial-spectral pulse sequences (ie, water excitation), and the Dixon techniques. Understanding the different fat-suppression options allows radiologists to adopt the most appropriate technique for their clinical practice.
Greater initial adaptations to submaximal muscle lengthening than maximal shortening.

The purpose of this study was to compare the short-term strength and neural adaptations to eccentric and concentric training at equal force levels. Forty-two sedentary women (age = 21.5 yr) were ranked based on the initial quadriceps strength score, and trios of subjects were randomly assigned to either an eccentric (n = 14), a concentric (n = 14), or a nonexercising control group (n = 14). Training involved a total of 824 eccentric or concentric quadriceps actions at 1.05 rad.s-1 administered in four sets of 6-10 repetitions, four times per week for 6 wk. Before and after training, all subjects were tested for unilateral maximal isometric and eccentric and concentric actions at 1.05 rad.s-1 and for a 40-repetition eccentric and concentric fatigue series of the left and right quadriceps. Surface electromyographic activity of the vastus lateralis and medialis was monitored during testing. Concentric training increased concentric (36%, P < 0.05), isometric (18%, P < 0.05), and eccentric strength (13%), and eccentric training increased eccentric (42%, P < 0.05), isometric (30%, P < 0.05), and concentric (13%) strength. Eccentric training improved eccentric and isometric strength more (P < 0.05) than did concentric training. The electromyographic adaptations were greater with eccentric training. Cross-education was 6%, and neither training mode modified fatigability. The data suggest that training of the quadriceps muscle with submaximal eccentric actions brings about greater strength adaptations faster than does training with maximal-level concentric actions in women. This greater adaptation is likely to be mediated by both mechanical and neural factors.
Semi-Supervised Events Clustering in News Retrieval

The presentation of news articles to meet research needs has traditionally been a document-centric process. Yet users often want to monitor developing news stories based on an event, rather than by examining an exhaustive list of retrieved documents. In this work, we illustrate a news retrieval system, eventNews, and an underlying algorithm which is event-centric. Through this system, news articles are clustered around a single news event or an event and its sub-events. The algorithm presented can leverage the creation of new Reuters stories and their compact labels as seed documents for the clustering process. The system is configured to generate top-level clusters for news events based on an editorially supplied topical label, known as a ‘slugline,’ and to generate sub-topic-focused clusters based on the algorithm. The system uses an agglomerative clustering algorithm to gather and structure documents into distinct result sets. Decisions on whether to merge related documents or clusters are made according to the similarity of evidence derived from two distinct sources, one, relying on a digital signature based on the unstructured text in the document, the other based on the presence of named entity tags that have been assigned to the document by a named entity tagger, in this case Thomson Reuters’ Calais engine. Copyright c © 2016 for the individual papers by the paper’s authors. Copying permitted for private and academic purposes. This volume is published and copyrighted by its editors. In: M. Martinez, U. Kruschwitz, G. Kazai, D. Corney, F. Hopfgartner, R. Campos and D. Albakour (eds.): Proceedings of the NewsIR’16 Workshop at ECIR, Padua, Italy, 20-March-2016, published at http://ceur-ws.org
Title A randomized controlled trial of a specific reminiscence approach to promote the well-being of nursing home residents with dementia

Background: To date, no firm conclusions can be reached regarding the effectiveness of reminiscence for dementia. Researchers have emphasized that there is an urgent need for more systematic research in the area. Objective and Method: A single-blinded, parallel-groups (one intervention, one comparison, and one no-intervention group) randomized controlled trial (RCT) was adopted to investigate whether a specific reminiscence program leads to higher levels of psychosocial well-being in nursing home residents with dementia. The intervention adopted a life-story approach, while the comparison group provided friendly discussions to control for any changes in outcome as a result of social contacts and attention. The Social Engagement Scale (SES) and Well-being/Ill-being Scale (WIB) were the outcome measures used. The outcomes of the groups were examined with reference to the baseline (T0), immediately (T1), and six weeks (T2) after intervention. The final sample had 101 subjects (control group: n = 30; comparison group: n = 35; intervention group: n = 36). Using multivariate analysis with repeated measures, no significant differences in outcome were found between groups at either T1 or T2. Wilcoxon signed rank tests were performed for each group comparing outcomes between T1 and T0, T2 and T1, and T2 and T0. Significant differences were observed in the intervention group when comparing T1 and T0 WIB (p = .014), but not for the other groups. Correspondence should be addressed to: Claudia K. Y. Lai. School of Nursing, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Yuk Choi Road, Hunghom, Hong Kong, SAR, China. Email: hsclai@polyu.edu.hk. Date received: 3 Jul 03; Date returned to authors for revision: 26 Jul 03; Date revised version received: 3 Sep 03; Date accepted: 3 Sep 03.
Energy-Efficient Quorum-Based MAC Protocol for Wireless Sensor Networks

The reliability of sensor networks is generally dependent on the battery power of the sensor nodes that it employs; hence it is crucial for the sensor nodes to efficiently use their battery resources. This research paper presents a method to increase the reliability of sensor nodes by constructing a connected dominating tree (CDT), which is a subnetwork of wireless sensor networks. It detects the minimum number of dominatees, dominators, forwarder sensor nodes, and aggregates, as well as transmitting data to the sink. A new medium access control (MAC) protocol, called Homogenous Quorum-Based Medium Access Control (HQMAC), is also introduced, which is an adaptive, homogenous, asynchronous quorum-based MAC protocol. In this protocol, certain sensor nodes belonging to a network will be allowed to tune their wake-up and sleep intervals, based on their own traffic load. A new quorum system, named BiQuorum, is used by HQMAC to provide a low duty cycle, low network sensibility, and a high number of rendezvous points when compared with other quorum systems such as grid and dygrid. Both the theoretical results and the simulation results proved that the proposed HQMAC (when applied to a CDT) facilitates low transmission latency, high delivery ratio, and low energy consumption, thus extending the lifetime of the network it serves.
Identification of a single-stranded DNA virus associated with citrus chlorotic dwarf disease, a new member in the family Geminiviridae.

In the attempt to identify the causal agent of Citrus chlorotic dwarf disease (CCDD), a virus-like disorder of citrus, the small RNA fraction and total DNA from symptomatic citrus plants were subjected to high-throughput sequencing. DNA fragments deriving from an apparently new geminivirus-like agent were found and assembled by NGS to re-construct the entire viral genome. The newly identified virus has a circular single-stranded DNA genome comprising five open reading frames (ORFs) with sequence homologies with those encoded by geminiviruses. PCR and qPCR assays were successfully used for determining its presence in the CCDD-affected plants obtained by graft propagation. The larger genome size (3.64 vs. 2.5-3.0 kb) and a number of differences in its structural organization, identified this virus as a highly divergent member of the family Geminiviridae, to which the provisional name of Citrus chlorotic dwarf-associated virus (CCDaV) is assigned.
Cast immobilization with and without immobilization of the thumb for nondisplaced and minimally displaced scaphoid waist fractures: a multicenter, randomized, controlled trial.

PURPOSE
The aim of this prospective randomized trial was to test the null hypothesis that there was no difference in the percentage of the fracture line of scaphoid waist fractures that demonstrated bridging bone on computed tomography (CT) 10 weeks after injury between patients treated in a below-elbow cast including or excluding the thumb.


METHODS
A total of 62 patients with a CT or magnetic resonance image-confirmed nondisplaced or minimally displaced fracture of the scaphoid were enrolled in a prospective, multicenter, randomized trial comparing treatment in a below-elbow cast including or excluding the thumb. There were 55 waist and 7 distal fractures (owing to a miscommunication at 3 of the centers). We adhered to intention-to-treat principles. The primary outcome was the extent of union on CT performed after 10 weeks of cast treatment, expressed as a percentage of the fracture line that had bridging bone, determined by musculoskeletal radiologists blinded to treatment. Secondary study outcomes included wrist motion; grip strength; the Mayo Modified Wrist Score; the Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder and Hand score; a visual analog scale for pain; and radiographic union at 6 months after injury.


RESULTS
There was a significant difference in the average extent of union on CT at 10 weeks (85% vs 70%) favoring treatment with a cast excluding the thumb. The overall union rate was 98%. The 1 exception was a patient in the thumb immobilization group who elected operative treatment 1 week after enrollment, used crutches, and failed to heal. There were no significant differences between groups for wrist motion; grip strength; Mayo Modified Wrist Score; Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder, and Hand score; or pain intensity.


CONCLUSIONS
Immobilization of the thumb appears unnecessary for CT or magnetic resonance image-confirmed nondisplaced or minimally displaced fractures of the waist of the scaphoid.


TYPE OF STUDY/LEVEL OF EVIDENCE
Therapeutic I.
Can cloud computing bridge the digital divide in South African secondary education

Cloud computing is a relatively new concept that holds significant promises for the future development and delivery of computer resources to secondary or basic education in South Africa, especially in schools most affected by the digital divide. The aim of this paper is to briefly review the extent to which cloud computing applications and services currently used by secondary education systems in developed countries around the world can be used to help breach the digital divide that currently exists in the secondary (basic) education sector in South Africa. The authors believe that South Africa has the required technology and skills to breach the digital divide in secondary education and by doing so set the pace for the rest of the African continent. All it lacks is the political will and determination to do so.
AnatomyNet: Deep learning for fast and fully automated whole-volume segmentation of head and neck anatomy.

PURPOSE
Radiation therapy (RT) is a common treatment option for head and neck (HaN) cancer. An important step involved in RT planning is the delineation of organs-at-risks (OARs) based on HaN computed tomography (CT). However, manually delineating OARs is time-consuming as each slice of CT images needs to be individually examined and a typical CT consists of hundreds of slices. Automating OARs segmentation has the benefit of both reducing the time and improving the quality of RT planning. Existing anatomy autosegmentation algorithms use primarily atlas-based methods, which require sophisticated atlas creation and cannot adequately account for anatomy variations among patients. In this work, we propose an end-to-end, atlas-free three-dimensional (3D) convolutional deep learning framework for fast and fully automated whole-volume HaN anatomy segmentation.


METHODS
Our deep learning model, called AnatomyNet, segments OARs from head and neck CT images in an end-to-end fashion, receiving whole-volume HaN CT images as input and generating masks of all OARs of interest in one shot. AnatomyNet is built upon the popular 3D U-net architecture, but extends it in three important ways: (a) a new encoding scheme to allow autosegmentation on whole-volume CT images instead of local patches or subsets of slices, (b) incorporating 3D squeeze-and-excitation residual blocks in encoding layers for better feature representation, and (c) a new loss function combining Dice scores and focal loss to facilitate the training of the neural model. These features are designed to address two main challenges in deep learning-based HaN segmentation: (a) segmenting small anatomies (i.e., optic chiasm and optic nerves) occupying only a few slices, and (b) training with inconsistent data annotations with missing ground truth for some anatomical structures.


RESULTS
We collected 261 HaN CT images to train AnatomyNet and used MICCAI Head and Neck Auto Segmentation Challenge 2015 as a benchmark dataset to evaluate the performance of AnatomyNet. The objective is to segment nine anatomies: brain stem, chiasm, mandible, optic nerve left, optic nerve right, parotid gland left, parotid gland right, submandibular gland left, and submandibular gland right. Compared to previous state-of-the-art results from the MICCAI 2015 competition, AnatomyNet increases Dice similarity coefficient by 3.3% on average. AnatomyNet takes about 0.12 s to fully segment a head and neck CT image of dimension 178 × 302 × 225, significantly faster than previous methods. In addition, the model is able to process whole-volume CT images and delineate all OARs in one pass, requiring little pre- or postprocessing.


CONCLUSION
Deep learning models offer a feasible solution to the problem of delineating OARs from CT images. We demonstrate that our proposed model can improve segmentation accuracy and simplify the autosegmentation pipeline. With this method, it is possible to delineate OARs of a head and neck CT within a fraction of a second.
How ISO 9001 Compares With The CMM

MARK C. PAULK Software Engineering Institute he Capability Maturity Model T Model for Software, developed by the Software Engineering Institute, and the ISO 9000 series of standards, developed by the International Organization for Standardization, have the common concern of quality and process management. The two are driven by similar issues and are intuitively correlated, but they differ in their underlying philosophies: ISO 9001, the standard in the 9000 series that pertains to software development and maintenance, identifies the minimal requirements for a quality system, while the CMM underlines the need for continuous process improvement. This statement is somewhat subjective, of course; some members of the international standards community maintain that if you read ISO 9001 with insight, it does address continuous process improvement. Corrective action, for example, can be construed as continuous improvement. Nonetheless, the CMM tends to address the issue of continuous process improvement more explicitly than ISO 9001. This article examines how the two documents relate. I have essentially mapped clauses of ISO 9001 to CMM key practices. The mapping is based on an analysis of ISO 9001, ISO 9000-3, TickIt (a British guide to using ISO 9000-3 and 9001), and the TickIt training materials.1 ISO 9000-3 elaborates significantly on ISO 9001, while the TickIt training materials help in interpreting both ISO 9000-3 and ISO 9001. HOW ISO 9001 COMPARES WITH THE CMM
Topical steroid application versus circumcision in pediatric patients with phimosis: a prospective randomized placebo controlled clinical trial

Topical steroids have been advocated as an effective alternative treatment to circumcision in boys with phimosis. We evaluated the effectiveness of topical steroid therapy compared to a placebo neutral cream in 240 patients with phimosis. A prospective study was carried out over a 24-months period, on an out-patient basis on two groups of patients with phimosis. One-hundred twenty patients applied a steroid cream twice a day for 4 weeks, and another group of 120 pts used a placebo cream twice a day for 4 weeks. Patients were assigned to either group by a computer-generated random choice. All patients in our series completed the two treatment periods without interruption. At a median follow-up of 20 months (6–30 months) therapeutic success was obtained in 43.75% (99/240) of cases, independently of the protocol. In particular, therapeutic success was obtained in 65.8% (79/120) of cases in the steroids group and in 16.6% (20/120) of cases in the placebo group, the difference being statistically significant (P < 0.0001, Mann–Withney test). Our study shows that topical steroids represent a good alternative to surgery in case of phimosis. Steroid therapy using monometasone furoate 0.1% in our series gave better results that placebo with an overall efficacy of 65.8%. In patients where a phimotic ring persist after steroid therapy, circumcision is mandatory.
WSMO-Lite and hRESTS: Lightweight semantic annotations for Web services and RESTful APIs

Service-oriented computing has brought special attention to service description, especially in connection with semantic technologies. The expected proliferation of publicly accessible services can benefit greatly from tool support and automation, both ofwhich are the focus of SemanticWebService (SWS) frameworks that especially address service discovery, composition and execution. As the first SWS standard, in 2007 the World Wide Web Consortium produced a lightweight bottom-up specification called SAWSDL for adding semantic annotations to WSDL service descriptions. Building on SAWSDL, this article presents WSMO-Lite, a lightweight ontology of Web service semantics that distinguishes four semantic aspects of services: function, behavior, information model, and nonfunctional properties, which together form a basis for semantic automation. With the WSMO-Lite ontology, SAWSDL descriptions enable semantic automation beyond simple input/output matchmaking that is supported by SAWSDL itself. Further, to broaden the reach of WSMO-Lite and SAWSDL tools to the increasingly common RESTful services, the article adds hRESTS and MicroWSMO, two HTML microformats that mirror WSDL and SAWSDL in the documentation of RESTful services, enabling combiningRESTful serviceswithWSDL-based ones in a single semantic framework. To demonstrate the feasibility and versatility of this approach, the article presents common algorithms for Web service discovery and composition adapted to WSMO-Lite. © 2014 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
Effect of thread embedding acupuncture for facial wrinkles and laxity: a single-arm, prospective, open-label study

Background
There is a growing trend for patients to seek the least invasive treatments with less risk of complications and downtime for facial rejuvenation. Thread embedding acupuncture has become popular as a minimally invasive treatment. However, there is little clinical evidence in the literature regarding its effects.


Methods
This single-arm, prospective, open-label study recruited participants who were women aged 40-59 years, with Glogau photoaging scale III-IV. Fourteen participants received thread embedding acupuncture one time and were measured before and after 1 week from the procedure. The primary outcome was a jowl to subnasale vertical distance. The secondary outcomes were facial wrinkle distances, global esthetic improvement scale, Alexiades-Armenakas laxity scale, and patient-oriented self-assessment scale.


Results
Fourteen participants underwent thread embedding acupuncture alone, and 12 participants revisited for follow-up outcome measures. For the primary outcome measure, both jowls were elevated in vertical height by 1.87 mm (left) and 1.43 mm (right). Distances of both melolabial and nasolabial folds showed significant improvement. In the Alexiades-Armenakas laxity scale, each evaluator evaluated for four and nine participants by 0.5 grades improved. In the global aesthetic improvement scale, improvement was graded as 1 and 2 in nine and five cases, respectively. The most common adverse events were mild bruising, swelling, and pain. However, adverse events occurred, although mostly minor and of short duration.


Conclusion
In this study, thread embedding acupuncture showed clinical potential for facial wrinkles and laxity. However, further large-scale trials with a controlled design and objective measurements are needed.
Automatic readability assessment for people with intellectual disabilities

My research goal is to advance our understanding of, and quantify, what makes a text easy or difficult to read, in particular for readers with intellectual disabilities. Previous research in automatic readability assessment has looked at a limited class of lexi-cal and syntactic properties of texts. Moreover, these models are usually not targeted towards any particular group of readers. In my own work, by contrast, I have used sophisticated computational tools to build an automatic readability metric that exploits global semantic (discourse level) properties of a text, in addition to well-studied lexical and syntactic features. Our preliminary results (Feng et al., 2009) confirm the value of discourse attributes. My research is targeted towards understanding the particular difficulties faced by readers with intellectual disabilities. The ultimate goal is not simply to model and understand readability issues, but also to aide in the development of automatic language processing tools that can rewrite texts to be more readable.