LLukas22/scidocs huggingface dataset:
Effect of a regular exercise programme on pelvic girdle and low back pain in previously inactive pregnant women: A randomized controlled trial.

OBJECTIVE
To determine whether participation in a group fitness class for pregnant women can prevent and treat pelvic girdle pain and low back pain.


DESIGN
An observer-blinded randomized controlled trial.


PARTICIPANTS
A total of 105 sedentary, nulliparous pregnant women, mean age 30.7 years (standard deviation (SD) 4.0), mean pre-pregnancy body mass index (BMI) 23.8 (SD 4.3), were assigned to either control or exercise groups at mean gestation week 17.7 (SD 4.2).


METHODS
The exercise intervention followed the guidelines of American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists and included a 60 min general fitness class, with 40 min of endurance training and 20 min of strength training including stretching, performed at least twice per week for a minimum of 12 weeks. Outcome measures were number of women reporting pelvic girdle pain and low back pain after the intervention (mean pregnancy week 36.6 (SD 0.9)) and postpartum (mean 7.7 (SD 1.7)).


RESULTS
There were no statistically significant differences between the exercisers and controls in numbers reporting the 2 conditions after the intervention (pelvic girdle pain: odds ratio (OR) = 1.34, CI = 0.56-3.20 or low back pain: OR = 1.10, CI = 0.47-2.60) or postpartum (pelvic girdle pain: OR = 0.38, CI = 0.13-1.10 or low back pain: OR = 1.45, CI = 0.54-3.94). A comparison of the women who had attended at least 80% of the weekly exercise classes with the control participants did not change the results.


CONCLUSION
Participation in regular group fitness classes during pregnancy did not alter the proportion of women reporting pelvic girdle pain or low back pain during pregnancy or after childbirth.
An Extensible Framework for Verification of Numerical Claims

In this paper we present our automated fact checking system demonstration which we developed in order to participate in the Fast and Furious Fact Check challenge. We focused on simple numerical claims such as “population of Germany in 2015 was 80 million” which comprised a quarter of the test instances in the challenge, achieving 68% accuracy. Our system extends previous work on semantic parsing and claim identification to handle temporal expressions and knowledge bases consisting of multiple tables, while relying solely on automatically generated training data. We demonstrate the extensible nature of our system by evaluating it on relations used in previous work. We make our system publicly available so that it can be used and extended by the community.1
Efficacy of venlafaxine for the prevention and relief of oxaliplatin-induced acute neurotoxicity: results of EFFOX, a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled phase III trial.

BACKGROUND
Oxaliplatin neurosensory toxicity is dose limiting and may present as acute symptoms and/or cumulative peripheral neuropathy.


PATIENTS AND METHODS
From October 2005 to May 2008, patients with oxaliplatin-induced acute neurotoxicity were randomized into a double-blind study, to receive either venlafaxine 50 mg 1 h prior oxaliplatin infusion and venlafaxine extended release 37.5 mg b.i.d. from day 2 to day 11 or placebo. Neurotoxicity was evaluated using numeric rating scale (NRS) for pain intensity and experienced relief under treatment, the Neuropathic Pain Symptom Inventory and the oxaliplatin-specific neurotoxicity scale. The primary end point was the percentage of patients with a 100% relief under treatment.


RESULTS
Forty-eight patients were included (27 males, median age: 67.6 years). Most patients had colorectal cancer (72.9%). Median number of cycles administered at inclusion was 4.5 (mean cumulative oxaliplatin dose: 684.6 mg). Twenty out of 24 patients in arm A (venlafaxine) and 22 out of 24 patients in arm B (placebo) were assessable for neurotoxicity. Based on the NRS, full relief was more frequent in the venlafaxine arm: 31.3% versus 5.3% (P=0.03). Venlafaxine side-effects included grade 1-2 nausea (43.1%) and asthenia (39.2%) without grade 3-4 events.


CONCLUSION
Venlafaxine has clinical activity against oxaliplatin-induced acute neurosensory toxicity.
Low versus high radioiodine dose in postoperative ablation of residual thyroid tissue in patients with differentiated thyroid carcinoma: a large randomized clinical trial.

OBJECTIVES
Radioiodine ablation of thyroid tissue remains the cornerstone of treatment for patients with differentiated thyroid carcinoma after thyroidectomy. Selecting an optimal dose of radioiodine for successful ablation is a continuous challenge in these patients.


METHODS
We compared the treatment response of 341 patients with thyroidectomy randomly allocated to the high-dose group, 3700 MBq (170 patients), versus the low-dose group, 1110 MBq (171 patients), for radioiodine ablation therapy in a double-blind randomized clinical trial. The response to treatment was defined as successful or unsuccessful according to post-therapy ultrasonography of the neck, serum thyroglobulin (Tg), anti-Tg, and functioning residual tissue after 6-month and 12-month intervals. The major criteria of successful ablation were Tg<2 ng/ml, anti-Tg<100 IU/ml, and absent remnant in the off-levothyroxine state. Additional radioiodine doses were administered in cases showing no significant response to the first therapy. Finally, the initial outcome, the total hospitalization time, and the cumulative I-131 doses during the 12-month course of the study were compared between the subgroups.


RESULTS
The rate of initial successful ablation was 51.6% in all patients, 39.2% in the low-dose group, and 64.1% in the high-dose group. The corresponding success rates at the end of the 12-month follow-up without additional treatment were 55.1, 41.5, and 68.8%, respectively. The relative risk (RR) of unsuccessful ablation for the low-dose versus the high-dose group was 1.695 [95% confidence interval (CI), 1.34-2.14]. In the low-dose group, more patients needed a second dose of I-131, resulting in a higher cumulative activity (median, 4810 vs. 3700 MBq, P<0.0001) and more inpatient time (median 4 vs. 3 days) in comparison with the high-dose group. The covariate factors predicting the treatment response, in order of significance, were radioiodine dose, baseline Tg, baseline thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) level, efficiency of TSH suppressive therapy, and sex.


CONCLUSION
The higher dose of I-131 (3700 MBq) resulted in successful ablation more often than the low dose (1110 MBq).
Differences in hymenal morphology between adolescent girls with and without a history of consensual sexual intercourse.

OBJECTIVE
To compare the morphology of the hymen in adolescent girls who have and have not had sexual intercourse involving penile-vaginal penetration.


SUBJECTS
Female patients aged 13 to 19 years, recruited from an urban adolescent medicine practice.


METHODS
Subjects were interviewed in private after completing detailed questionnaires and then underwent a physical examination. External genital inspections were performed using a colposcope with an attached 35-mm camera to document the appearance of the hymen. The presence of notches or clefts was recorded during the examination, and photographs taken at x10 magnification were used to take measurements of the width of the posterior hymenal rim.


RESULTS
Posterior hymenal notches and clefts were more common among girls admitting past intercourse (13/27 [48%]) than in girls who denied intercourse (2/58 [3%]; P =.001), but the mean width of the posterior hymenal rim was not significantly different between the 2 groups (2.5 mm vs 3.0 mm; P =.11). Two subjects who denied intercourse but had posterior hymenal clefts described a painful first experience with tampon insertion.


CONCLUSIONS
Deep notches or complete clefts in the posterior rim of the hymen were rare in girls who denied intercourse. Subjects who admitted past intercourse still had nondisrupted, intact hymens in 52% of cases.
Association between Facebook addiction, self-esteem and life satisfaction: A cross-sectional study

In recent years, many research efforts have been focused on investigation of potential connection between social networking and mental health issues. Particularly important and controversial remains the association between Facebook use, self-esteem and life satisfaction. In our cross-sectional study, on a sample of 381 Facebook users, we tested the existence and strength of this relationship using Bergen Facebook Addiction Scale (BFAS), Facebook Intensity Scale (FBI), Rosenberg's Self-Esteem Scale (SES), and Satisfaction With Life Scale (SWLS). With k-means cluster analysis, we divided the sample into 3 groups: ordinary, intensive, and addicted Facebook users. The results of our study show that ordinary Facebook users differ statistically in self-esteem and life satisfaction from both addicted and intensive users. Facebook addiction was in relation with lower self-esteem. Facebook addiction was also negatively related to life satisfaction. These results are in accordance with the previously published findings of other authors in the fields of social networking psychology and psychiatry. © 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Theoretical analysis of polarized structure functions

We review the analysis of polarized structure function data using perturbative QCD at NLO. We use the most recent experimental data to obtain updated results for polarized parton distributions, rst moments and the strong coupling. We also discuss several theoretical issues involved in this analysis and in the interpretation of its results. Finally, we compare our results with other similar analyses in the recent literature.
Assessing Relay Attacks in NFC Enabled Devices A Three Factor Relay Test Environment (RATE) Approach

Near Field Communication (NFC) is an advancement of inductively coupled proximity Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) technology and smart card technology. In our work we demonstrate proximity based relay attack simulations, within a University campus test environment. Consequently, the experiment required the use NFC enabled mobile devices of the Android and IOS operating systems. We produced attack simulations on different proximity relay ranges confirming how easy it is becoming to compromise these mobile payment devices by way of eavesdropping, and deliberately forcing unauthorized access to the point that our results challenges the ISO 14443 standard definition on the NFC ranges as counter-intuitive. Our efforts contend the need for the standards on range proximity as the underlying goal of our study. In this context the research sought to answer three (3) research questions namely: 1. To what extent can you evaluate a relay attack on an NFC mobile device near ranges? 2. To what extent can you evaluate a relay attack on an NFC mobile device within far ranges? 3. How does the results compare in questions (1) to question (2)?
Predictors of mortality in 6975 patients with chronic heart failure in the Gruppo Italiano per lo Studio della Streptochinasi nell'Infarto Miocardico-Heart Failure trial: proposal for a nomogram.

BACKGROUND
We developed a prognostic model to assess the risk of all-cause mortality in patients with chronic heart failure.


METHODS AND RESULTS
We examined 6975 patients with chronic heart failure enrolled in the Gruppo Italiano per lo Studio della Streptochinasi nell'Infarto Miocardico-Heart Failure (GISSI-HF) trial (3.9 years follow-up). Multivariable Cox regression models were developed to predict mortality (1969 deaths). By stepwise selection, the full final model included 25 predictors. A reduced model, considering the most significant variables ranked according to the Wald χ(2) (P<0.0001) accounted for most of the prognostic information. Internal validation of the model was performed with bootstrap techniques. The discrimination ability of the reduced model constituted by 12 factors (concordance probability estimate, 0.693) was as good as the full final model (concordance probability estimate, 0.70). Among the first 12 independent risk factors emerging in the reduced model, the 3 most powerful predictors were older age, higher New York Heart Association class, and lower estimated glomerular filtration rate. Other independent predictors that increased risk included lower left ventricular ejection fraction, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, lower systolic blood pressure, diabetes mellitus, male sex, higher uricemia, lower body mass index, lower hemoglobin, and aortic stenosis. The reduced model was used to build a nomogram to estimate the risk of death in individual patients. In a subgroup of patients, the 2 well-known biomarkers (high-sensitivity cardiac troponin T and N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide) emerged as the most powerful predictors of outcome.


CONCLUSIONS
In a large contemporary population with chronic heart failure, this model offers good ability to assess the risk of death, confirming most of the risk factors that have emerged in recent trials.


CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION
URL: http://www.clinicaltrials.gov. Unique identifier: NCT00336336.
A new optimization method: Dolphin echolocation

Article history: Received 10 September 2012 Received in revised form 12 March 2013 Accepted 24 March 2013 Available online 23 April 2013
US Land Prices: Trends and Determinants

Agriculture and Governments in an Interdependent Worlds, Proceedings of Twentieth international Conference of Agricultural Economists, Buenos Aires, Argentina, August 24-31, 1988.
Research and applications: Comparison and validation of genomic predictors for anticancer drug sensitivity

BACKGROUND
An enduring challenge in personalized medicine lies in selecting the right drug for each individual patient. While testing of drugs on patients in large trials is the only way to assess their clinical efficacy and toxicity, we dramatically lack resources to test the hundreds of drugs currently under development. Therefore the use of preclinical model systems has been intensively investigated as this approach enables response to hundreds of drugs to be tested in multiple cell lines in parallel.


METHODS
Two large-scale pharmacogenomic studies recently screened multiple anticancer drugs on over 1000 cell lines. We propose to combine these datasets to build and robustly validate genomic predictors of drug response. We compared five different approaches for building predictors of increasing complexity. We assessed their performance in cross-validation and in two large validation sets, one containing the same cell lines present in the training set and another dataset composed of cell lines that have never been used during the training phase.


RESULTS
Sixteen drugs were found in common between the datasets. We were able to validate multivariate predictors for three out of the 16 tested drugs, namely irinotecan, PD-0325901, and PLX4720. Moreover, we observed that response to 17-AAG, an inhibitor of Hsp90, could be efficiently predicted by the expression level of a single gene, NQO1.


CONCLUSION
These results suggest that genomic predictors could be robustly validated for specific drugs. If successfully validated in patients' tumor cells, and subsequently in clinical trials, they could act as companion tests for the corresponding drugs and play an important role in personalized medicine.
Parallel external sorting for CUDA-enabled GPUs with load balancing and low transfer overhead

Sorting is a well-investigated topic in Computer Science in general and by now many efficient sorting algorithms for CPUs and GPUs have been developed. There is no swapping, paging, etc. available on GPUs to provide more virtual memory than physically available, thus if one wants to sort sequences that exceed GPU memory using the GPU the problem of external sorting arises.
Pancreatic cyst fluid triage: a critical component of the preoperative evaluation of pancreatic cysts.

Pancreatic cysts are a complex group of benign, malignant, and premalignant lesions with diverse clinical, radiologic, and pathologic features. It is no longer believed that the vast majority of pancreatic cysts are pseudocysts, inclusion cysts, or benign neoplastic cysts that do not require follow-up. Our knowledge and understanding of neoplastic pancreatic cysts in general, and mucinous pancreatic cysts in particular, has grown exponentially since the 1980s when intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasm (IPMN) was recognized as a distinct entity from mucinous cystic neoplasm (MCN). Our realization that all neoplastic mucinous cysts have malignant potential has led to intensive evaluation of patients with both symptomatic and asymptomatic pancreatic cysts to determine the nature of the cyst and, thus, the possible need for resection. Now that we are looking closely, we know that pancreatic cysts are extremely common lesions. Approximately 2.6% of asymptomatic adults and>8% of adults aged>80 years who undergo abdominal imaging have a pancreatic cyst. The majority of these cysts are incidental cysts, and most are mucinous, but most are not malignant. Surgical resection of all pancreatic mucinous cysts is logistically impossible. Imaging may be very helpful for differentiating mucinous from nonmucinous cysts, but nearly 20% of serous cystadenomas are macrocystic with few septations, mimicking a mucinous cyst, whereas IPMNs can cause pancreatitis and simulate the appearance of a pseudocyst. In addition, imaging is not at all helpful in accurately differentiating lowgrade from high-grade dysplastic or even malignant mucinous cysts. The current paradigm of preoperative diagnosis uses clinical, radiologic, and pathologic methods to determine high-risk features of malignancy. One of the first questions to answer in cyst fluid analysis is whether the cyst is mucinous or nonmucinous. Most nonmucinous cysts are serous cysts. Just a few years ago, this distinction alone was sufficient to determine the need for surgery. Although serous cysts were resected primarily to relieve symptoms, all mucinous cysts, regardless of type, were resected because of the concern for malignant progression. What became clear from clinicopathologic analysis of these resected mucinous neoplasms was that there were distinct types of mucinous cysts, distinguished by sex, age, location in the pancreas, association with the pancreatic ducts, pathologic features, and likelihood of progression to cancer. Most MCNs are usually low-grade neoplasms that do not involve the main pancreatic duct. They are typically large, multiloculated cysts that occur primarily in the body or tail of the pancreas of young to middle-aged women. The current recommendation is to resect all MCNs regardless of grade, because intervention at diagnosis avoids long-term, expensive, annual surveillance.
Strategies for nevirapine initiation in HIV-infected children taking pediatric fixed-dose combination "baby pills" in Zambia: a randomized controlled trial.

BACKGROUND
Fixed-dose combination scored dispersible stavudine, lamivudine, and nevirapine minitablets (Triomune Baby and Junior; Cipla Ltd) are simpler and cheaper than liquid formulations and have correct dose ratios for human immunodeficiency virus-infected children. However, they cannot be used for dose escalation (DE) of nevirapine.


METHODS
Children were randomized to initiate antiretroviral therapy with full-dose (FD) nevirapine (Triomune Baby or Junior in the morning and evening) versus DE (half-dose nevirapine for 14 days [Triomune in the morning and stavudine-lamivudine {Lamivir-S} in the evening], then FD), in accordance with World Health Organization weight-band dosing tables. The primary end point was nevirapine-related clinical or laboratory grade 3 or 4 adverse events (AEs).


RESULTS
In total, 211 children (median [interquartile range {IQR}] age, 5 [ 2-9 ] years; median [IQR] CD4 cell percentage, 13% [8%-18%]) were enrolled and followed up for a median (IQR) of 92 (68-116) weeks. There were 31 grade 3 or 4 AEs that were definitely/probably or uncertainly related to nevirapine in the FD group (18.0 per 100 child-years), compared with 29 in the DE group (16.5 per 100 child-years) (incidence rate ratio, 1.09; 95% confidence interval, 0.63–1.87; P = .74). All were asymptomatic; 11 versus 3 were single grade 3 or 4 elevations in alanine aminotransferase (ALT) or aspartate aminotransferase (AST) levels, all of which resolved without a change in nevirapine dose or interruption. Thirteen (12%) FD versus 2 (2%) DE children had grade 1 (2 in FD) or grade 2 (11 in FD and 2 in DE) rashes. Three (2 in FD and 1 in DE) substituted efavirenz, 3 (FD) continued FD nevirapine, and 9 (8 in FD and 1 in DE) temporarily interrupted nevirapine, followed by successful DE. Predictors of nevirapine rash were older age (P = .003) and higher CD4 cell count for age (P = .03). Twenty-two children died (12 in FD and 10 in DE), 1 FD and 5 DE children at <4 weeks; none were considered to be drug related by independent review.


CONCLUSIONS
Rash was more frequent with FD nevirapine, but 88% had no clinical toxicity; elevated AST or ALT levels were transient and resolved spontaneously, suggesting that routine laboratory monitoring has limited value. Dual pediatric stavudine-lamivudine minitablets are preferred for safe and simple DE; if unavailable, initiating FD Triomune requires timely review for rash, which could be managed by temporary reduction to half-dose Triomune or efavirenz substitution.


TRIAL REGISTRATION
Current Controlled Trials identifier: ISRCTN31084535 .
New constraints upon the structural and isotopic age of the Oughterard Granite, and on the timing of events in the Dalradian Rocks of Connemara, Western Ireland

A Lower Ordovician age for the Oughterard Granite is established by Rb–Sr dating of magmatic white micas from pegmatites cutting two of the satellite bodies found 12–15 km west of the main granitic intrusions. These micas give a minimum age of c. 473 Ma for the emplacement of the satellite bodies, and for the completion of the D3 deformation in the Dalradian host rocks. The main granite intrusions are post-D4 in age, but some of the small outlying sheet-like intrusions are either deformed by D4 folds, or were present during this deformation and were responsible for the development of locally disharmonic D4 minor folds. The correlation of the smaller granite bodies with the main bodies of Oughterard Granite is supported by their similar field appearance, petrography and trace element geochemistry. 
 
 
 
In common with other late orogenic granites, such as the 470 Ma Aberdeen Granite in NE Scotland, the Oughterard Granite is thought to have been part of a discontinuous magmatic arc, which formed along the southern margin of the Dalradian outcrop in Connemara and in NE Scotland in the early Ordovician. Members of the Oughterard Granite suite were emplaced during the final stages of the Grampian orogeny, from post-D3 to post-D4, while the country rocks were still at an elevated temperature (>500°C) following the peak of the regional metamorphism. The new minimum age of intrusion of c. 473 Ma, together with existing radiometric data, confirms that emplacement of the metagabbro and gneiss complex in southern Connemara, followed by the D3 structural and metamorphic events, all took place during a period of less than 20 Ma. © 1997 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.