LLukas22/scidocs huggingface dataset:
Electro-Discharge Machining : Recent Developments and Trends

1,2,3PG Student, Dept. of Mechanical Engineering, Amity University, Noida, U.P., India 4UG Student, Dept. of Mechanical Engineering, Amity University, Noida, U.P., India ------------------------------------------------------------------***------------------------------------------------------------------------Abstract In the present manufacturing scenario, the industrial product not only requires the high precision and quality but should be produced in the minimum time in order to sustain their position in the global market competition. Thus, it is required to regulate the input process parameters for achieving the desired output or the performance. EDM is the most popular machining process in the present time among all the machining processes. EDM is the widely used non-conventional machining process that is capable to machine the hard materials such as alloys, composite and even the ceramics also. EDM has wide range of application in automobile, aerospace, defense and precision engineering industries. In the past years, the many studies have been done to improve the EDM process. This paper reviews the current research trends and recent developments in EDM process and modeling techniques.
Hyperbolic Geometry of Complex Networks

We develop a geometric framework to study the structure and function of complex networks. We assume that hyperbolic geometry underlies these networks, and we show that with this assumption, heterogeneous degree distributions and strong clustering in complex networks emerge naturally as simple reflections of the negative curvature and metric property of the underlying hyperbolic geometry. Conversely, we show that if a network has some metric structure, and if the network degree distribution is heterogeneous, then the network has an effective hyperbolic geometry underneath. We then establish a mapping between our geometric framework and statistical mechanics of complex networks. This mapping interprets edges in a network as noninteracting fermions whose energies are hyperbolic distances between nodes, while the auxiliary fields coupled to edges are linear functions of these energies or distances. The geometric network ensemble subsumes the standard configuration model and classical random graphs as two limiting cases with degenerate geometric structures. Finally, we show that targeted transport processes without global topology knowledge, made possible by our geometric framework, are maximally efficient, according to all efficiency measures, in networks with strongest heterogeneity and clustering, and that this efficiency is remarkably robust with respect to even catastrophic disturbances and damages to the network structure.
Tracking text in MPEG videos

Tracking superimposed text moving across several frames of a video is relevant for exploiting its temporal occurrence for effective video content indexing and retrieval. In this paper, an approach is presented that automatically detects, localizes and tracks text appearing in videos. The proposed approach consists of two steps: (1) unsupervised text detection and localization in each Nth frame to monitor new text events, i.e. text appearing in a video for the first time; (2) text tracking within a group of pictures (GOP) using MPEG motion vector information extracted directly from the compressed video stream. Comparative experimental results for a set of videos are presented to show the benefits of our approach.
Validation of a Comprehensive Early Childhood Allergy Questionnaire.

BACKGROUND
Parental questionnaires to assess incidence of pediatric allergic disease have been validated for use in school-aged children. Currently, there is no validated questionnaire-based assessment of food allergy, atopic dermatitis (AD), and asthma for infants and young children.


METHODS
The Comprehensive Early Childhood Allergy Questionnaire was designed for detecting AD, asthma, and IgE-mediated food allergies in children aged 1-5 years. A nested case-control design was applied. Parents of 150 children attending pediatric outpatient clinics completed the questionnaire before being clinically assessed by a pediatrician for allergies. Sensitivity, specificity, and reproducibility of the questionnaire were assessed.


RESULTS
Seventy-seven children were diagnosed with one or more current allergic diseases. The questionnaire demonstrated high overall sensitivity of 0.93 (95% CI 0.86-0.98) with a specificity of 0.79 (95% CI 0.68-0.88). Questionnaire reproducibility was good with a kappa agreement rate for symptom-related questions of 0.45-0.90.


CONCLUSIONS
Comprehensive Early Childhood Allergy Questionnaire accurately and reliably reflects the presence of allergies in children aged 1-5 years. Its use is warranted as a tool for determining prevalence of allergies in this pediatric age group.
Remote water quality monitoring system using wireless sensors

It is found that the current manual water quality monitoring entails tedious process and is time consuming. To alleviate the problems caused by the manual monitoring and the lack of effective system for prawn farming, a remote water quality monitoring for prawn farming pond is proposed. The proposed system is leveraging on wireless sensors in detecting the water quality and Short Message Service (SMS) technology in delivering alert to the farmers upon detection of degradation of the water quality. Three water quality parameters that are critical to the prawn health are monitored, which are pH, temperature and dissolved oxygen. In this paper, the details of system design and implementation are presented. The results obtained in the preliminary survey study served as the basis for the development of the system prototype. Meanwhile, the results acquired through the usability testing imply that the system is able to meet the users’ needs. Key-Words: Remote monitoring, Water Quality, Wireless sensors
Intellectual structure of knowledge in iMetrics: A co-word analysis

As an iMetrics technique, co-word analysis is used to describe the status of various subject areas, however, iMetrics itself is not examined by a co-word analysis. For the purpose of using co-word analysis, this study tries to investigate the intellectual structure of iMetrics during the period of 1978 to 2014. The research data are retrieved from two core journals on iMetrics research ( Scientometrics , and Journal of Informetrics ) and relevant articles in six journals publishing iMetrics studies. Application of hierarchical clustering led to the formation of 11 clusters representing the intellectual structure of iMetrics, including “Scientometric Databases and Indicators,” “Citation Analysis,” “Sociology of Science,” “Issues Related to Rankings of Universities, Journals, etc.,” “Information Visualization and Retrieval,” “Mapping Intellectual Structure of Science,” “Webometrics,” “Industry–University– Government Relations,” “Technometrics (Innovation and Patents), “Scientific Collaboration in Universities”, and “Basics of Network Analysis.” Furthermore, a two-dimensional map and a strategic diagram are drawn to clarify the structure, maturity, and cohesion of clusters. © 2017 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Altered myocardial force-frequency relation in human heart failure.

BACKGROUND
In congestive heart failure (idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy), exercise is accompanied by a smaller-than-normal decrease in end-diastolic left ventricular volume, depressed peak rates of left ventricular pressure rise and fall, and depressed heart-rate-dependent potentiation of contractility (bowditch treppe). We studied contractile function of isolated left ventricular myocardium from New York Heart Association class IV-failing and nonfailing hearts at physiological temperature and heart rates in order to identify and quantitate abnormalities in myocardial function that underlie abnormal ventricular function.


METHODS AND RESULTS
The isometric tension-generating ability of isolated left ventricular strips from nonfailing and failing human hearts was investigated at 37 degrees C and contraction frequencies ranging from 12 to 240 per minute (min-1). Strips were dissected using a new method of protection against cutting injury with 2,3-butanedione monoxime (BDM) as a cardioplegic agent. In nonfailing myocardium the twitch tension-frequency relation is bell-shaped developing 25 +/- 2 mN/mm2 at a contraction frequency of 72 min-1 and peaking at 44 +/- 3.7 mN/mm2 at a contraction frequency of 174 +/- 4 min-1. In failing myocardium the peak of the curve occurs at lower frequencies between 6 and 120 min-1 averaging 81 +/- 22 min-1, and it develops 48% (p less than 0.001) and 80% (p less than 0.001) less tension than in nonfailing myocardium at 72 and 174 min-1, respectively. Between 60 and 150 min-1 tension increases by 107% in nonfailing myocardium, but it does not change significantly in failing myocardium. Peak rates of rise and fall of isometric twitch tension vary in parallel with twitch tension as stimulation frequency rises in nonfailing myocardium but not in failing myocardium.


CONCLUSIONS
The quantitative agreement between these results from isolated myocardium and those from catheterization laboratory measurements on intact humans suggest that alterations of myocardial origin, independent of systemic factors, may contribute to the above mentioned abnormalities in left ventricular function seen in dilated cardiomyopathy.
Comparing the Performance of Different NLP Toolkits in Formal and Social Media Text

Nowadays, there are many toolkits available for performing common natural language processing tasks, which enable the development of more powerful applications without having to start from scratch. In fact, for English, there is no need to develop tools such as tokenizers, partof-speech (POS) taggers, chunkers or named entity recognizers (NER). The current challenge is to select which one to use, out of the range of available tools. This choice may depend on several aspects, including the kind and source of text, where the level, formal or informal, may influence the performance of such tools. In this paper, we assess a range of natural language processing toolkits with their default configuration, while performing a set of standard tasks (e.g. tokenization, POS tagging, chunking and NER), in popular datasets that cover newspaper and social network text. The obtained results are analyzed and, while we could not decide on a single toolkit, this exercise was very helpful to narrow our choice. 1998 ACM Subject Classification I.2.7 Natural Language Processing
Combinatorial control of gene expression

Revealing the molecular principles of eukaryotic transcription factor assembly on specific DNA sites is pivotal to understanding how genes are differentially expressed. By analyzing structures of transcription factor complexes bound to specific DNA elements we demonstrate how protein and DNA regulators manage gene expression in a combinatorial fashion.
Fabrication of porous NiTi shape memory alloy structures using laser engineered net shaping.

Porous NiTi alloy samples were fabricated with 12-36% porosity from equiatomic NiTi alloy powder using laser engineered net shaping (LENS). The effects of processing parameters on density and properties of laser-processed NiTi alloy samples were investigated. It was found that the density increased rapidly with increasing the specific energy input up to 50 J/mm(3). Further increase in the energy input had small effect on density. High cooling rates associated with LENS processing resulted in higher amount of cubic B2 phase, and increased the reverse transformation temperatures of porous NiTi samples due to thermally induced stresses and defects. Transformation temperatures were found to be independent of pore volume, though higher pore volume in the samples decreased the maximum recoverable strain from 6% to 4%. Porous NiTi alloy samples with 12-36% porosity exhibited low Young's modulus between 2 and 18 GPa as well as high compressive strength and recoverable strain. Because of high open pore volume between 36% and 62% of total volume fraction porosity, these porous NiTi alloy samples can potentially accelerate the healing process and improve biological fixation when implanted in vivo. Thus porous NiTi is a promising biomaterial for hard tissue replacements.
Data and text mining ALIBABA : PubMed as a graph

Thebiomedical literature containsawealthof information on associations betweenmany different types of objects, such as protein–protein interactions, gene–disease associations and subcellular locations of proteins. When searching such information using conventional search engines, e.g. PubMed, users see the data only one-abstract at a time and ‘hidden’ in natural language text. ALIBABA is an interactive tool for graphical summarizationofsearch results. Itparses thesetofabstracts that fit aPubMed query and presents extracted information on biomedical objects and their relationships as a graphical network. ALIBABA extracts associations between cells, diseases, drugs, proteins, species and tissues. Several filter options allow for a more focused search. Thus, researchers can grasp complex networks described in various articles at a glance. Availability: http://alibaba.informatik.hu-berlin.de/ Contact: hakenberg@informatik.hu-berlin.de
Swing-up of the double pendulum on a cart by feedforward and feedback control with experimental validation

The swing-up maneuver of the double pendulum on a cart serves to demonstrate a new approach of inversion-based feedforward control design introduced recently. The concept treats the transition task as a nonlinear two-point boundary value problem of the internal dynamics by providing free parameters in the desired output trajectory for the cart position. A feedback control is designed with linear methods to stabilize the swing-up maneuver. The emphasis of the paper is on the experimental realization of the double pendulum swing-up, which reveals the accuracy of the feedforward/feedback control scheme. 2006 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Contribution of agricultural exports to economic growth in Pakistan

The main objective of the present analysis is to explore and quantify the contribution of agricultural exports to economic growth in Pakistan. We have estimated the relationship between Gross domestic product (GDP) and agricultural and non agricultural exports for Pakistan employing Johansen co-integration technique for the period 1972 – 2008. The findings of the study show that the agricultural exports have negative and significant effect on economic growth while agricultural exports elasticity is 0.58. Moreover there is bidirectional causality in agricultural exports and real GDP. It is suggested that non agricultural exports should be promoted.
The Adverse Effects of Code Duplication in Machine Learning Models of Code

The field of big code relies on mining large corpora of code to perform some learning task. A significant threat to this approach has been recently identified by Lopes et al. [19] who found a large amount of near-duplicate code on GitHub. However, the impact of code duplication has not been noticed by researchers devising machine learning models for source code. In this article, we study the effect of code duplication to machine learning models showing that reported metrics are sometimes inflated by up to 100% when testing on duplicated code corpora compared to the performance on de-duplicated corpora which more accurately represent how machine learning models of code are used by software engineers. We present an “errata” for widely used datasets, list best practices for collecting code corpora and evaluating machine learning models on them, and release tools to help the community avoid this problem in
Granulomatous mycosis fungoides and granulomatous slack skin: a multicenter study of the Cutaneous Lymphoma Histopathology Task Force Group of the European Organization For Research and Treatment of Cancer (EORTC).

BACKGROUND
Granulomatous cutaneous T-cell lymphomas (CTCLs) are rare and represent a diagnostic challenge. Only limited data on the clinicopathological and prognostic features of granulomatous CTCLs are available. We studied 19 patients with granulomatous CTCLs to further characterize the clinicopathological, therapeutic, and prognostic features.


OBSERVATIONS
The group included 15 patients with granulomatous mycosis fungoides (GMF) and 4 with granulomatous slack skin (GSS) defined according to the World Health Organization-European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer classification for cutaneous lymphomas. Patients with GMF and GSS displayed overlapping histologic features and differed only clinically by the development of bulky skin folds in GSS. Histologically, epidermotropism of lymphocytes was not a prominent feature and was absent in 9 of 19 cases (47%). Stable or progressive disease was observed in most patients despite various treatment modalities. Extracutaneous spread occurred in 5 of 19 patients (26%), second lymphoid neoplasms developed in 4 of 19 patients (21%), and 6 of 19 patients (32%) died of their disease. Disease-specific 5-year survival rate in GMF was 66%.


CONCLUSIONS
There are clinical differences between GMF and GSS, but they show overlapping histologic findings and therefore cannot be discriminated by histologic examination alone. Development of hanging skin folds is restricted to the intertriginous body regions. Granulomatous CTCLs show a therapy-resistant, slowly progressive course. The prognosis of GMF appears worse than that of classic nongranulomatous mycosis fungoides.
Measuring Individual Risk Attitudes in the Lab: Task or Ask?: An Empirical Comparison

This paper compares two prominent empirical measures of individual risk attitudes the Holt and Laury (2002) lottery-choice task and the multi-item questionnaire advocated by Dohmen, Falk, Huffman, Schupp, Sunde and Wagner (2011) with respect to (a) their within-subject stability over time (one year) and (b) their correlation with actual risk-taking behaviour in the lab here the amount sent in a trust game (Berg, Dickaut, McCabe, 1995). As it turns out, the measures themselves are uncorrelated (both times) and, most importantly, only the questionnaire measure exhibits test-re-test stability (p = .78), while virtually no such stability is found in the lottery-choice task. In addition, only the questionnaire measure shows the expected correlations with a Big Five personality measure and is correlated with actual risktaking behaviour. The results suggest that the questionnaire is the more adequate measure of individual risk attitudes for the analysis of behaviour in economic (lab) experiments. Moreover, with respect to behaviour in the trust game, we find a high re-test stability of transfers (p = .70). This further supports the conjecture that trusting behaviour indeed has a component which itself is a stable individual characteristic (Glaeser, Laibson, Scheinkman and Soutter, 2000). JEL-Code: D810, C910, Z100.
Engagement of Facilities Management in Design Stage through BIM: Framework and a Case Study

Considering facilities management (FM) at the early design stage could potentially reduce the efforts for maintenance during the operational phase of facilities. Few efforts in construction industry have involved facility managers into the design phase. It was suggested that early adoption of facilities management will contribute to reducing the needs for major repairs and alternations that will otherwise occur at the operational phase. There should be an integrated data source providing information support for the building lifecycle. It is envisaged that Building Information Modelling (BIM) would fill the gap by acting as a visual model and a database throughout the building lifecycle. This paper develops a framework of how FM can be considered in design stage through BIM. Based on the framework, the paper explores howBIMwill beneficially support FM in the design phase, such as space planning and energy analysis. A case study of using BIM to design facility managers’ travelling path in the maintenance process is presented. The results show that early adoption of FM in design stage with BIM can significantly reduce life cycle costs.
Cysteine-rich protein 61 (CCN1) mediates replicative senescence-associated aberrant collagen homeostasis in human skin fibroblasts.

Dermal fibroblasts produce a collagen-rich extracellular matrix, which confers mechanical strength and resiliency to human skin. During aging, collagen production is reduced and collagen fragmentation is increased, which is initiated by matrix metalloproteinase-1 (MMP-1). This aberrant collagen homeostasis results in net collagen deficiency, which impairs the structural integrity and function of skin. Cysteine-rich protein 61 (CCN1), a member of the CCN family, negatively regulates collagen homeostasis, in primary human skin dermal fibroblasts. As replicative senescence is a form of cellular aging, we have utilized replicative senescent dermal fibroblasts to further investigate the connection between elevated CCN1 and aberrant collagen homeostasis. CCN1 mRNA and protein levels were significantly elevated in replicative senescent dermal fibroblasts. Replicative senescent dermal fibroblasts also expressed significantly reduced levels of type I procollagen and increased levels of MMP-1. Knockdown of elevated CCN1 in senescent dermal fibroblasts partially normalized both type I procollagen and MMP-1 expression. These data further support a key role of CCN1 in regulation of collagen homeostasis. Elevated expression of CCN1 substantially increased collagen lattice contraction and fragmentation caused by replicative senescent dermal fibroblasts. Atomic force microscopy (AFM) further revealed collagen fibril fragmentation and disorganization were largely prevented by knockdown of CCN1 in replicative senescent dermal fibroblasts, suggesting CCN1 mediates MMP-1-induced alterations of collagen fibrils by replicative senescent dermal fibroblasts. Given the ability of CCN1 to regulate both production and degradation of type I collagen, it is likely that elevated-CCN1 functions as an important mediator of collagen loss, which is observed in aged human skin.
A 60 GHz-band planar dielectric waveguide filter for flip-chip modules

A planar dielectric waveguide filter with CPW I/O ports suitable for flip-chip bonding is proposed and demonstrated for 60 GHz-band applications. The filter is formed incorporating via holes in an alumina substrate. In order to improve a stop-band rejection, short-circuited CPW resonators with half wavelength are added to waveguide-to-CPW transitions. A fabricated 4-resonator filter exhibits an insertion loss of 2.8 dB with a 3 dB-bandwidth of 3.0 GHz and a rejection of 35 dB at a 3 GHz-lower-separation from a center frequency of 58.5 GHz. The filter is successfully mounted in a multi-layer ceramic package using flip-chip bonding.
Shall I Compare Thee to a Machine-Written Sonnet? An Approach to Algorithmic Sonnet Generation

We provide code that produces beautiful poetry. Our sonnet-generation algorithm includes several novel elements that improve over the state-of-the-art, leading to rhythmic and inspiring poems. The work discussed here is the winner of the 2018 PoetiX Literary Turing Test Award for computer-generated poetry.