LLukas22/scidocs huggingface dataset:
Influence of antiplatelet-anticoagulant drugs on the need of blood components transfusion after vesical transurethral resection.

AIMS
The effect of the antithrombotic preventive therapy on haemorrhage keeps uncertain. We investigate the influence of the antiplatelet and anticoagulant drugs (AP/AC drugs) on the transfusion requirement after vesical transurethral resection (VTUR). We also describe the epidemiology of the blood components transfusion in our department.


MATERIALS AND METHODS
Retrospective observational study of a series of patients needing blood transfusion at the Urology Department between June 2010 and June 2013. Selection of 100 consecutive patients who were transfused after VTUR due to bladder transitional cell carcinoma (BTCC) (group A = GA).


CONTROL GROUP
100 consecutive patients who underwent VTUR due to BTCC and were not transfused (group B = GB). Transfusion criteria: Haemoglobin < 8 g/dl + anaemia symptoms. Age, gender, associated AP/AC treatment, secondary diagnoses, toxics, tumour stage and grade were analysed.


RESULTS
212 patients required transfusion of a blood component. 169 were men (79%) and 43 women (21%). Median age 77.59 years (SD 9.42, range 50-92). Secondary diagnoses: Diabetes Mellitus 64%, high blood pressure 77%, dyslipidemia 52%. 60% of patients were previously treated with AP/AC drugs. Average Haemoglobin pre-transfusion values: 7.4 g/dl (DE ± 0.7). Average Haemoglobin post-transfusion values: 8.9 g/Dl (DE ± 0.72). Most frequent transfusion indications were bladder cancer (37%), kidney cancer (11%), prostate cancer (8%), benign prostatic hyperplasia (BHP) (8%), other urological diagnoses (36%). Intraoperative transfusions indicated by the anaesthesiologist: kidney cancer (33%), BPH (28%). Patients who underwent VTUR due to BTCC were older in GA (77.59 years SD 9.42) than in GB (68.98 years SD 11.78) (p = 0.0001). Similar gender distribution (15 women in GA and 24 in GB). Less patients were asked to keep their treatment with ASA 100mg (AcetylSalicylicAcid) in GA (25.64%) than in GB (50%) (p = 0.0330). More aggressive tumour grade in GA (p = 0.0003) and higher stage in GA (p = 0.0018) regardless of concomitant treatment with AP/AC drugs.


CONCLUSIONS
The pathologies which most needed blood components' transfusions in the Urology Department were (in order of frequency): bladder cancer, kidney cancer, prostate cancer, prostate adenoma. ASA100mg did not influence the transfusion's requirements in VTUR due to BTCC. Tumour stage and higher grade have a greater influence in transfusion's requirements than concomitant AP/AC treatment. The heterogeneity of AP/AC protocols does not allow to establish the benefit of stopping those drugs before surgery in terms of avoiding blood transfusions when performing a VTUR.
Mobile robot motion estimation by 2D scan matching with genetic and iterative closest point algorithms

The paper reports on mobile robot motion estimation based on matching points from successive two-dimensional (2D) laser scans. This ego-motion approach is well suited to unstructured and dynamic environments because it directly uses raw laser points rather than extracted features. We have analyzed the application of two methods that are very different in essence: (i) A 2D version of iterative closest point (ICP), which is widely used for surface registration; (ii) a genetic algorithm (GA), which is a novel approach for this kind of problem. Their performance in terms of real-time applicability and accuracy has been compared in outdoor experiments with nonstop motion under diverse realistic navigation conditions. Based on this analysis, we propose a hybrid GA-ICP algorithm that combines the best characteristics of these pure methods. The experiments have been carried out with the tracked mobile robot Auriga-alpha and an on-board 2D laser scanner. _____________________________________________________________________________________ This document is a PREPRINT. The published version of the article is available in: Journal of Field Robotics, 23: 21–34. doi: 10.1002/rob.20104; http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/rob.20104.
Milk Run Logistics : Literature Review and Directions

conditions. The effect of the milk run logistics on the reduction of CO2 is also discussed. The promotion of Milk-Run logistics can be highly evaluated from the viewpoint of environmental policy.
Eligibility for statin therapy by the JUPITER trial criteria and subsequent mortality.

Justification for the Use of Statins in Primary Prevention: An Intervention Trial Using Rosuvastatin (JUPITER) reported reduced cardiovascular and all-cause mortality with statin treatment in patients with elevated C-reactive protein (CRP) and average cholesterol levels who were not eligible for lipid-lowering treatment on the basis of existing guidelines. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of eligibility and mortality in a general population sample on the basis of eligibility for statin treatment using the JUPITER criteria. The study group consisted of 30,229 participants in the REasons for Geographic and Racial Differences in Stroke (REGARDS) cohort, an observational study of US African American and white participants aged > or =45 years, enrolled in their homes from 2003 to 2007 and followed biannually by telephone. Among 11,339 participants age eligible for JUPITER and without vascular diagnoses or using lipid-lowering treatment, 21% (n = 2,342) met JUPITER entry criteria. Compared with JUPITER participants, they had similar low-density lipoprotein cholesterol and CRP levels, were more often women, were more often black, had metabolic syndrome, and used aspirin for cardioprotection. Over 3.5 years of follow-up, the mortality rate in REGARDS participants eligible for JUPITER was 1.17 per 100 patient-years (95% confidence interval 0.94 to 1.42). Compared with those otherwise JUPITER eligible who had CRP levels <2 mg/L (n = 2,620), those with CRP levels > or =2 mg/L had a multivariate-adjusted relative risk of 1.5 (95% confidence interval 1.1 to 2.2) for total mortality. In conclusion, 21% not otherwise eligible would be newly eligible for lipid lowering treatment on the basis of JUPITER trial eligibility.
Results of a phase I multiple-dose clinical study of ursodeoxycholic Acid.

BACKGROUND
The hydrophilic bile acid, ursodeoxycholic acid (UDCA), may indirectly protect against colon carcinogenesis by decreasing the overall proportion of the more hydrophobic bile acids, such as deoxycholic acid (DCA), in aqueous phase stool. In the AOM rat model, treatment with UDCA resulted in a significant decrease in adenoma formation and colorectal cancer. It was hypothesized that there is a dose-response relationship between treatment with the more hydrophilic bile acid, UDCA, and a reduction in the proportion of the more hydrophobic bile acid, DCA, in the aqueous stool phase, suggesting the potential of UDCA as a chemopreventive agent.


METHODS
Eighteen participants were randomized to 300, 600, or 900 mg/day UDCA for 21 days in this multiple-dose, double-blinded study. Seventy-two-hour stool samples were collected pretreatment and on days 18-20 of UDCA treatment for bile acid measurements. Pharmacokinetics were performed and blood bile acids were measured at days 1 and 21 of UDCA treatment.


RESULTS
There were no serious adverse events associated with UDCA treatment. There was a dose-response increase in the posttreatment to baseline ratio of UDCA to DCA from the 300 mg/day to the 600 mg/day group, but not between the 600 and the 900 mg/day groups, in both aqueous and solid phase stool. This posttreatment increase was statistically significant in aqueous phase stool for the 300 and 600 mg/day treatment groups (P = 0.038 and P = 0.014, respectively), but was only marginally significant in the 900 mg/day treatment group (P = 0.057). Following the first dose administration, a dose-dependent increase in plasma ursodeoxycholic concentrations was observed in fasting subjects; however, when these levels were measured postprandially following 3 weeks of treatment, the areas under the plasma concentration-time profile (AUC) were not statistically different and remained relatively unchanged over time.


CONCLUSIONS
UDCA treatment did not decrease the quantity of DCA in fecal water or solids; however, it did decrease the proportion of DCA in fecal water and solids in relation to UDCA. Thus, 3 weeks of UDCA treatment resulted in an overall increase in hydrophilicity of bile acids in the aqueous phase stool, with a peak effect observed with a daily dose of 600 mg/day. Much larger studies are needed to determine the effect of ursodeoxycholic administration on deoxycholic concentration, overall hydrophilicity of stool bile acids, and the long-term effects on intermediate biomarkers of cellular damage.
The ABDADA Distributed Minimax Search Algorithm

This paper presents a new method to parsllelize the minimax tree search algorithm. This method is then compared to the “Young Brother Wait Concept” algorithm in an Othello program implementation and in a Chess program. Results of tests done on a 32-node CM5 and a 12%node CRAY T3D computers are given.
Fast Single Shot Detection and Pose Estimation

For applications in navigation and robotics, estimating the 3D pose of objects is as important as detection. Many approaches to pose estimation rely on detecting or tracking parts or keypoints [11, 21]. In this paper we build on a recent state-of-the-art convolutional network for sliding-window detection [10] to provide detection and rough pose estimation in a single shot, without intermediate stages of detecting parts or initial bounding boxes. While not the first system to treat pose estimation as a categorization problem, this is the first attempt to combine detection and pose estimation at the same level using a deep learning approach. The key to the architecture is a deep convolutional network where scores for the presence of an object category, the offset for its location, and the approximate pose are all estimated on a regular grid of locations in the image. The resulting system is as accurate as recent work on pose estimation (42.4% 8 View mAVP on Pascal 3D+ [21] ) and significantly faster (46 frames per second (FPS) on a TITAN X GPU). This approach to detection and rough pose estimation is fast and accurate enough to be widely applied as a pre-processing step for tasks including high-accuracy pose estimation, object tracking and localization, and vSLAM.
Increased incidence and improved survival in endometrioid endometrial cancer diagnosed since 1989 in The Netherlands: a population based study.

OBJECTIVES
To measure progress against endometrioid endometrial carcinoma (EEC) in the Netherlands by analyzing trends in incidence, survival and mortality simultaneously.


STUDY DESIGN
Descriptive study of incidence, survival and mortality rates of women with EEC in the Netherlands. Rates were age-standardized to the European standard population. Population-based data were extracted from the nationwide Dutch Cancer Registry (NCR) between 1989 and 2009. Mortality data since 1989 came from Statistics Netherlands. European age standardized incidence rates were calculated according to age, histology and stage. Five year relative survival estimates were calculated in four periods. Optimal progress against cancer is defined as decreasing incidence and/or improving survival accompanied by declining mortality.


RESULTS
80% of the 32,332 patients newly diagnosed with a corpus uteri malignancy had an EEC. The incidence of EEC rose significantly from 11/100,000 to 15/100,000, being most pronounced in women with FIGO stage IB and in the group with grade 1&2 tumours (P<0.05). Coinciding with the increased incidence, 5-year relative survival increased, especially for patients aged 60-74 years, in women with FIGO stage I, and in histology group grade 1&2, being 87%, 94% and 93%, respectively, during 2005-2009.


CONCLUSION
The incidence of EEC (being 80% of corpus uteri cancer) increased markedly between 1989 and 2009, especially in women of 60-74 years. Five-year survival for patients with EEC increased from 83 to 85%. Progress against EEC has been less than was assumed previously, because mortality proportionally decreased only slightly, and because of the increasing incidence although survival improved.
Statecraft and classical learning : the Rituals of Zhou in East Asian history

Introduction - Benjamin A. Elman and Martin Kern Early China 1. The Zhouli as Constitutional Text - David Schaberg 2. Offices of Writing and Reading in the Rituals of Zhou - Martin Kern 3. The Many Dukes of Zhou in Early Sources - Michael Nylan 4. Centering the Realm: Wang Mang, the Zhouli, and Early Chinese Statecraft - Michael Puett 5. Zheng Xuan's Commentary on the Zhouli - Andrew H. Plaks II. Medieval China 6. The Role of the Zhouli in Seventh- and Eighth-Century Civil Administrative Traditions - David McMullen 7. Wang Anshi and the Zhouli - Peter K. Bol 8. Tension and Balance: Changes of Constitutional Schemes in Southern Song Commentaries on the Rituals of Zhou - Jaeyoon Song III. Early Modern East Asia 9. Tokugawa Approaches to the Rituals of Zhou: The Late Mito School and Feudalism" - Kate Wildman Nakai 10. Yun Hyu and the Search for Dominance: A Seventeenth-Century Korean Reading of the Offices of Zhou and the Rituals of Zhou - JaHyun Kim Haboush 11. The Story of a Chapter: Changing Views of the "Artificer's Record" ("Kaogong ji") and the Zhouli - Benjamin A. Elman IV. Modern China 12. The Zhouli as the Late Qing Path to the Future - Rudolf G. Wagner 13. Denouement: Some Conclusions about the Zhouli - Rudolf G. Wagner Bibliography Index
Chest radiographs in acute pulmonary embolism.

BACKGROUND
Pulmonary embolism (PE) is a serious clinical entity carrying significant morbidity and mortality. Clinically, it is a difficult condition to diagnose and remains under treated condition in Pakistan due to non-availability of objective tests and lack of awareness among physicians. This study was conducted to determine the chest radiographic presentation in known cases of acute PE presenting to a tertiary care hospital.


METHODS
Hospital records of patients with a diagnosis of acute PE were reviewed from June 2000 until June 2004. Fifty diagnosed cases of acute PE on Spiral Computed tomography (CT) of the chest demonstrating an intraluminal-filling defect were selected. Two chest physicians reviewed the chest radiographs obtained during that hospitalization. In case of discrepancy, a radiologist made final interpretation.


RESULTS
The chest radiograph was interpreted as normal in only 18% of patients with acute PE. The most common chest radiographic abnormalities were cardiac enlargement (38%), pulmonary parenchymal infiltrates (34%), atelectasis (26%), pleural effusion (24%), and pulmonary congestion (24%). Other rare findings were elevated hemi diaphragm (14%), pulmonary artery enlargement (14%), and focal oligemia (8%).


CONCLUSIONS
Cardiomegaly is the most common chest radiographic abnormality associated with acute pulmonary embolism. Chest radiography is not useful in making the diagnosis of acute pulmonary embolism. Its major role is in identification of alternative disease processes that can mimic thrombo-embolism.
Effect of alpha-difluoromethylornithine on rectal mucosal levels of polyamines in a randomized, double-blinded trial for colon cancer prevention.

BACKGROUND
Polyamines (e.g., putrescine, spermidine, and spermine) are required for optimal cell growth. Inhibition of polyamine synthesis suppresses carcinogen-induced epithelial cancers, including colon cancer, in animal models. In a short-term phase IIa trial, we determined that low doses of alpha-difluoromethylornithine (DFMO), an inhibitor of ornithine decarboxylase (an enzyme involved in polyamine synthesis), reduced the polyamine content of normal-appearing rectal mucosa of subjects with a prior history of resected colon polyps. In a follow-up study, we have attempted to determine the lowest dose of DFMO that can suppress the polyamine content of rectal mucosa over a course of 1 year with no or minimal side effects.


METHODS
Participants were randomly assigned to daily oral treatment with a placebo or one of three doses (0.075, 0.20, or 0.40 g/m2) of DFMO. Baseline and serial determinations of polyamine levels in rectal mucosa and extensive symptom monitoring (including audiometric measurements, since DFMO causes some reversible hearing loss at higher doses) were performed over a 15-month period.


RESULTS
DFMO treatment reduced putrescine levels in a dose-dependent manner. Following 6 months of treatment, doses of 0.20 and 0.40 g/m2 per day reduced putrescine levels to approximately 34% and 10%, respectively, of those observed in the placebo group. Smaller decreases were seen in spermidine levels and spermidine:spermine ratios. Polyamine levels increased toward baseline values after discontinuation of DFMO. Although there were no statistically significant differences among the dose groups with respect to clinically important shifts in audiometric thresholds and nonaudiologic side effects, statistically significant higher dropout and discontinuation rates were observed in the highest dose group.


CONCLUSIONS
Polyamine levels in rectal mucosa can be continuously suppressed by daily oral doses of DFMO that produce few or no side effects. A dose of 0.20 g/m2 can be used safely in combination phase IIb or single-agent phase III chemoprevention trials.
The geography of Strabo : in eight volumes

In his seventeen-book Geography, Strabo (c. 64 BCE c. 25 CE) discusses geographical method, stresses the value of geography, and draws attention to the physical, political, and historical details of separate countries. Geography is a vital source for ancient geography and informative about ancient geographers.
Defining knowledge management (KM) activities: towards consensus

Purpose – The purpose of the paper is to present a vocabulary of terms that clearly define knowledge management (KM) activities in order to move towards consensus in the adoption of a common language within the field. Design/methodology/approach – Existing literature across several disciplines has been integrated to provide a clear description of the sorts of activities an individual undertakes in order to move from knowledge acquisition to innovation, and a clarification of the terms used to describe such activities is put forth. Findings – Adoption of a common vocabulary to describe KM activities provides a platform to better understand how best to manage these activities, and enables clearer identification of the knowledge management capabilities held by various sectors within the broader business community. Research limitations/implications – There is a need to undertake empirical research and in-depth case studies of knowledge management practices using a common vocabulary as a framework with which to interpret findings. Practical implications – The adoption of a common frame of reference to describe knowledge management activities will deepen understanding of current KM practices, enable identification inhibitors and facilitators of KM, lead to increased dialogue between academia and industry, and present opportunities to the education sector to incorporate such a vocabulary into its curriculum. Originality/value – The framework presented here will remove the veil of mystery that currently clouds knowledge management and facilitate broader uptake of KM practices, thereby realising the benefits of a knowledge-based economy in the broader business community.
Direct feeding damage on cucumber by mixed-species infestations of Thrips palmi and Frankliniella occidentalis (Thysanoptera : Thripidae)

J. Econ. Entomo!. 83(4): 1519-1525 (1990) ABSTRACT Distributions of Thrips palmi Karny and Frankliniella occidentalis (Pergande) within plants and relative contributions of each species to fruit scarring were investigated in field plantings of cucumber, Cucumis sativus (L.). Densities of T. palmi (number per unit area plant substrate) were greatest on foliage, whereas F. occidentalis densities were greatest on flowers. Densities of both species were lowest on fruits. Both species had secondary sex ratios that were biased towards females. The proportion of male F. occidentalis increased substantially in flower samples. Temporal variation in the incidence of fruit scarring, within and between field plantings, was related to variation in densities of F. occidentalis (but not T. palmi). Within-field spatial variation in fruit scarring on a given harvest wasalsoassociated primarily with variation in F. occidentalis densities. Because small, developing fruits physically support the female flowers, the high densities of F. occidentalis in flowersmay create opportunities for them to incidentally feed upon and scar young fruit.
An Evaluation of Journals Used in Doctoral Marketing Programs

Studies that rank the relative quality of scholarly marketing journals have relied primarily on expert opinion surveys and citation analyses. The authors use a new approach that combines elements of these two alternatives and compile a database of 6,294 citations (representing 3,423 different articles) from 109 syllabi obtained from a broad sampling of AACSB-International-accredited schools with marketing doctoral programs. The five most cited journals (Journal of Marketing, Journal of Consumer Research, Journal of Marketing Research, Marketing Science, and Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science) account for 66.5 percent of citations in the syllabi. Rankings of journals other than the top five vary markedly from previous journal quality studies. Few articles are cited in common across programs, and the authors find considerable variation even within individual seminar types. The findings provide a new basis for assessing the quality of journals and provide new insights about the content of doctoral programs.
Efficacy and safety of combination therapy with vildagliptin and metformin versus metformin up-titration in Chinese patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: study design and rationale of the vision study

BACKGROUND AND AIM
Limitations of the currently recommended stepwise treatment pathway for type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), especially the failure of monotherapies to maintain good glycemic control, have prompted use of early, more aggressive combination therapies.The VISION study is designed to explore the efficacy and safety of vildagliptin as an add-on to metformin therapy compared with up-titration of metformin monotherapy in Chinese patients with T2DM.


METHODS
VISION, a 24-week, phase 4, prospective, randomized, multicenter, open-label, parallel-group study, will include 3312 Chinese T2DM patients aged ≥18 years who are inadequately controlled (6.5% >HbA1c ≤9%) by metformin (750-1000 mg/day). Eligible patients will be randomized to receive either vildagliptin plus metformin or up-titration of metformin monotherapy (5:1). Patients will also be subgrouped (1:1:1:1) based on their age and body mass index (BMI): <60 years and <24 kg/m²; <60 years and ≥24 kg/m²; ≥60 years and <24 kg/m²; and ≥60 years and ≥24 kg/m².


CONCLUSION
The VISION study will test the hypothesis that early use of combination therapy with vildagliptin and metformin will provide good glycemic control and will be better tolerated than up-titration of metformin monotherapy. The study will also correlate these benefits with age and BMI.