LLukas22/scidocs huggingface dataset:
A fad or future of IT?: A comprehensive literature review on the cloud computing research

Cloud computing is now a global trend and during the past decade, has drawn attention from both academic and business communities. Although the evolution of cloud computing has not reached the maturity level, there is still adequate research about the topic. The main purpose of this paper is to examine the development and evolution of cloud computing over time. A content analysis was conducted for 236 scholarly journal articles, which were published between 2009 and 2014 in order to (i) identify the possible trends and changes in cloud computing over the six years, (ii) compare publishing productivity of journals about the cloud computing subject, and (iii) guide future research about cloud computing. The results show that the majority of the cloud computing research is about “cloud computing adoption” (19%), and it was followed by the “legal and ethical issues” of cloud computing (15%). It is also found that “cloud computing for mobile applications” (6%), “benefits & challenges of cloud computing” (5%) and “energy consumption dimension of cloud computing” (4%) are the least attention-grabbing themes in the literature. However, “cloud computing for mobile applications” and “energy consumption dimension of cloud computing” themes have become popular in the last two years, so they are expected to be trendy topics of the near future. Finally, another finding of this study is that the majority of the articles were published by engineering, information systems or technical journals such as “IT Professional Magazine”, “International Journal of Information Management” and “Mobile Networks and Applications”. It seems as if this topic is generally ignored by the managerial and organizational journals even though the impact of cloud computing on organizations and institutions is immense and is in need of investigation. © 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Administration of anticonvulsive rescue medication in children—discrepancies between parents’ self-reports and limited practical performance

Quality of parents’ performance in administering anticonvulsive rescue medication to their children suffering from seizures is unknown. After obtaining ethical approval, we used a questionnaire to ask parents of children with seizures, who had been prescribed rescue medications, about their experience in administering those. To assess the frequency of actually committed drug-handling errors, we let them administer rescue medications to dummy dolls. An expert panel rated the clinical risk of handling errors from “1” (lowest) to “6” (highest). Eighty-one parents completed the study. In the questionnaire, 85 % (100 %) of parents that already conducted rectal (buccal) administration reported that they had never experienced problems. The number of rectal administrations with at least one handling error (97 %, 58/60) was higher than in buccal administration (58 %; 14/24; p < 0.001). According to logistic regressions, previous use of rescue medication was not a predictor of the number of committed errors per process (n. s.). All errors were rated with a high clinical risk (class 4–6). Conclusion: By observing parents’ administration of rescue medication to dummy dolls, we found a high frequency of clinically relevant drug-handling errors. Most parents, however, self-reported to have never experienced problems while administering rescue medications to their children. What is Known: • For seizures with duration of more than 5 min, the administration of anticonvulsive rescue medication is recommended. • Outside the hospital, the administration of rescue medication to children is performed most frequently by their parents. What is New: • Most of the parents reported that they had never experienced problems in handling anticonvulsive rescue medication. • But in the observed drug-handling performances, identified errors committed by parents were alarmingly frequent and pose a high clinical risk according to an expert panel.
Child abuse education: an objective evaluation of resident and attending physician knowledge.

OBJECTIVE
The objective of the study was to evaluate residents' and practicing physicians' medical knowledge of child abuse and maltreatment.


METHODS
In a freestanding pediatric hospital and community hospital, a 30-question survey was administered to pediatric residents, general pediatricians (GPs), and pediatric emergency medicine (PEM) physicians. The institution's child protection team developed the questions, which were pilot tested for validity. Question content covered major concepts in child abuse and neglect. Information on previous training of child abuse was also collected.


RESULTS
There were 95 respondents, 64.2% (n = 61) were residents, 19% (n = 18) were GPs, and 16.8% (n = 16) were PEM physicians. Overall, the average score was 63.3% (SD, 13.8%). There was a statistically significant difference in the knowledge of child abuse and neglect across physician categories (P < 0.001). Pediatric emergency medicine physicians scored the highest (76.9 [SD, 9.1]) compared with GPs (66.7 [SD, 12.4]; P = 0.018) and pediatric residents (60.4 [SD, 12.9]; P < 0.001). There was no difference in the level of knowledge across residency training years (P = 0.076).


CONCLUSIONS
With a mean score in our study of 63.3%, there appears to be an overall lack of knowledge in child abuse. These findings highlight the need for increased education in child maltreatment.
Chemical changes in casein heated with and without d-glucose in the powdered state or in an aqueous solution

Abstract Chemical changes in casein, heated either in the presence or the absence of d -glucose at 50 or 75°C in a powdered state at 75% relative humidity (RH), or in an aqueous solution, were investigated. During heating, colour development, the formation of polymerised products and severe decomposition of amino acid residues occurred. In the powder reaction system, mainly basic amino acids decomposed whereas, in the solution system, all amino acids were uniformly decomposed. In addition, small amounts of free amino acids and low molecular weight peptides (below MW 500) were detected, these amounts being greater in the solution system, suggesting that non-enzymic cleavage of peptide linkage occurred. These changes were observed both in the absence and in the presence of glucose but glucose promoted such changes.
New noninvasive method for coronary flow reserve assessment: contrast-enhanced transthoracic second harmonic echo Doppler.

BACKGROUND
We tested the hypothesis that blood flow velocity could be recorded in the left anterior descending coronary artery (LAD) during transthoracic echocardiography by use of second harmonic echo Doppler modality along with contrast enhancement (intravenous Levovist) at rest and after pharmacologically induced maximal vasodilation to assess coronary flow reserve (CFR) with a totally noninvasive approach.


METHODS AND RESULTS
Fifty-six consecutive patients undergoing coronary angiography underwent transthoracic contrast-enhanced pulsed-wave Doppler recording of blood flow velocity in the LAD by use of harmonic color Doppler as a guide at rest and after maximal vasodilation by dipyridamole infusion. Contrast enhancement with the harmonic mode greatly improved the success rate of recording adequate pulsed-wave Doppler signal in the LAD. CFR was (mean+/-SD) 1.54+/-0.7 in patients with (group 1) and 2. 79+/-0.9 in patients without (group 2) significant LAD stenosis (lumen narrowing >70%) (P<0.001); sensitivity and specificity in detecting significant LAD stenosis were 86% and 90%, respectively. There was close agreement between CFRs determined by this new method and intracoronary Doppler flow wire.


CONCLUSIONS
Contrast-enhanced transthoracic echo Doppler with the harmonic mode is a feasible and promising technique for assessing CFR in a totally noninvasive way.
Virological factors associated with outcome of dual maraviroc/raltegravir therapy (ANRS-157 trial).

OBJECTIVES
ROCnRAL ANRS-157 was a single-arm study designed to evaluate a switch to a maraviroc (300 mg twice a day) plus raltegravir (400 mg twice a day) regimen in virologically suppressed HIV-1-infected patients (ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT01420523). The aim of this work was to investigate the factors associated with virological failure (VF) (5/44 patients) or virological rebound defined as one viral load (VL) >50 copies/mL or VL >1 copy/mL.


METHODS
At baseline (BL), ultradeep sequencing (UDS) of DNA gp120 V3 and integrase regions and quantification of HIV DNA were performed in PBMCs. Tropism, VL, BL ultrasensitive HIV RNA VL, BL HIV DNA VL, subtype, age, ethnicity, transmission group, AIDS status, nadir CD4 and BL CD4 cell count, time since HIV diagnosis, duration of ART and suppressed viraemia, VL zenith, CD4/CD8 ratio and BL CD8 cell count were investigated as potential factors associated with virological rebound.


RESULTS
The proportion of patients with VL <1 copy/mL did not evolve over time. Among the 44 included patients, 3 had minority X4-tropic viruses determined by UDS at BL and one of them presented VF. Minority resistant variants in the integrase gene were detected at BL at two positions (E138 and G140) for three patients who did not have VF. Among all studied factors, none was associated with virological rebound.


CONCLUSIONS
Maraviroc plus raltegravir failed to maintain virological suppression in virologically suppressed HIV-1-infected patients. However, neither minority viral variants nor ultrasensitive viraemia was found to be a predictive factor of VF or virological rebound in this context.
Using randomized designs to evaluate client-centered programs to prevent adolescent pregnancy.

CONTEXT
Interventions to prevent adolescent pregnancy (primarily curriculum-based programs) have not produced convincing evidence as to their success. Moreover, many evaluation approaches have been inadequate to assess program effectiveness. Therefore, rigorous evaluation of different kinds of interventions may help identify potentially effective strategies to prevent adolescent pregnancy.


METHODS
An experimental design, in which clients were randomized to treatment and control groups, was used to evaluate the effects of a "client-centered" approach to reducing pregnancy among high-risk young people in seven communities in Washington State. Four projects served 1,042 youth (clients aged 9-13), and three served 690 teenagers (primarily clients aged 14-17). Projects offered a wide variety of services tailored to individual clients' needs, including counseling, mentoring and advocacy.


RESULTS
On average, clients in the treatment group at youth sites received 14 hours of service, and their teenage counterparts received 27 hours; controls received only 2-5 hours of service. At one youth site, clients were less likely to intend to have intercourse after the intervention than before; at another, they became less likely to intend to use substances. Clients at one teenage project reported reduced sexual behavior and improved contraceptive use after receiving services; teenagers at another site reported reduced sexual intentions and drug use, and a greater intention to use contraceptives. The programs showed no other effects on factors that place young people at risk of becoming pregnant, including their sexual values and educational aspirations, communication with their parents (measured at youth sites only), and sexual and contraceptive behavior (assessed for teenagers only).


CONCLUSIONS
High-risk clients likely need considerably more intervention time and more intensive services than programs normally provide. Rigorous evaluation designs allow continued assessment that can guide program modifications to maximize effects.
Steganographic method based on interpolation and LSB substitution of digital images

Steganography is the method of hiding secret data in other data, such as video or an image. A reversible data hiding method can extract the cover image from a stego-image without distortion after extracting the hidden data. In this paper a semi-reversible data hiding method that utilizes interpolation and the least significant substitution technique is proposed. First, interpolation methods are used to scale up and down the cover image before hiding secret data for a higher capacity and quality. Secondly, the LSB substitution method is used to embed secret data. Experimental results show that the proposed method can embed a large amount of secret data while keeping very high visual quality, where the PSNR is guaranteed to be 37.54 dB (k = 3) and 43.94 dB (k = 2).
Analysis and Comparison of CPU Scheduling Algorithms

Scheduling is a fundamental operating system function, since almost all computer resources are scheduled before use. The CPU is one of the primary computer resources. Central Processing Unit (CPU) scheduling plays an important role by switching the CPU among various processes. A processor is the important resource in computer; the operating system can make the computer more productive. The purpose of the operating system is that to allow the process as many as possible running at all the time in order to make best use of CPU. The high efficient CPU scheduler depends on design of the high quality scheduling algorithms which suits the scheduling goals. In this paper, we reviewed various fundamental CPU scheduling algorithms for a single CPU and shows which algorithm is best for the particular situation. Keywords— burst time, CPU scheduling, operating system, Scheduling Algorithm, turnaround time, waiting time.
Fish Nutrition and Current Issues in Aquaculture: The Balance in Providing Safe and Nutritious Seafood, in an Environmentally Sustainable Manner

Aquaculture requires optimisation of nutrition to efficiently raise fish for the purpose of food production. Fish nutrition is the study of nutrients and energy sources essential for fish health, growth and reproduction. Global consumption of seafood is increasing, while the amount of captured fish is declining, therefore it is predicted that aquaculture will provide the most reliable supply of seafood in the coming years. With the world’s rapidly expanding population, it is important to provide safe and nutritious fish; however there are many issues related to fish nutrition that need to be considered in order to achieve balance in food production and sustainability. Sustainability of the aquaculture industry is an environmental, economic and social concern; however, this review focused specifically on environmental sustainability in regards to fish nutrition. Certain issues related to fish nutrition have become controversial because they impact the environment and/or affect the final product for consumption. Some of these issues include: feed and nutrient efficiency, overfeeding and waste, unsustainable feed ingredients, fish health issues, biotechnology and human health concerns. Ultimately, each of these issues can affect the final product for human consumption, either nutritionally, environmentally or economically. Achieving a balance between efficient and safe food production with environmental sustainability will be a challenge for the industry. The following is a review of several issues in farmed fish nutrition, relating to providing quality food products while maintaining environmental sustainability, emphasizing limitations of this balance and strategies for improvement.
The Common Lisp Object System: An Overview

1. Abstract The Common Lisp Object System is an object-oriented system that is based on the concepts of generic functions, multiple inheritance, and method combination. All objects in the Object System are instances of classes that form an extension to the Common Lisp type system. The Common Lisp Object System is based on a meta-object protocol that renders it possible to alter the fundamental structure of the Object System itself. The Common Lisp Object System has been proposed as a standard for ANSI Common Lisp and has been tentatively endorsed by X3J13. The Common Lisp Object System is an object-oriented programming paradigm designed for Common Lisp. The lack of a standardized object-oriented extension for Common Lisp has long been regarded as a shortcoming by the Common Lisp community. Two separate and independent groups began work on an object-oriented extension to Common Lisp several years ago. One group is Symbolics, Inc. with New Flavors, and the other is Xerox PARC with CommonLoops. During the summer of 1986, these two groups met to explore combining their designs for submission to X3J13, a technical working group charged with producing an ANSI standard for Common Lisp. At the time of the exploratory meetings between Symbolics and Xerox, the authors of this paper became involved in the technical design work. The major participants in this effort were David Moon and Sonya Keene from Symbolics, Daniel Bobrow and Gregor Kiczales from Xerox, and Richard Gabriel and Linda DeMichiel from Lucid.
Decoupled Active and Reactive Power Control for Large-Scale Grid-Connected Photovoltaic Systems Using Cascaded Modular Multilevel Converters

Large-scale grid-connected photovoltaic (PV) systems significantly contribute to worldwide renewable energy growth and penetration, which has inspired the application of cascaded modular multilevel converters due to their unique features such as modular structures, enhanced energy harvesting capability, scalability and so on. However, power distribution and control in the cascaded PV system faces tough challenge on output voltage overmodulation when considering the varied and nonuniform solar energy on segmented PV arrays. This paper addresses this issue and proposes a decoupled active and reactive power control strategy to enhance system operation performance. The relationship between output voltage components of each module and power generation is analyzed with the help of a newly derived vector diagram which illustrates the proposed power distribution principle. On top of this, an effective control system including active and reactive components extraction, voltage distribution and synthesization, is developed to achieve independent active and reactive power distribution and mitigate the aforementioned issue. Finally, a 3-MW, 12-kV PV system with the proposed control strategy is modeled and simulated in MATLAB and PSIM cosimulation platform. A downscaled PV system including two cascaded 5-kW converters with proposed control strategy is also implemented in the laboratory. Simulation and experimental results are provided to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed control strategy for large-scale grid-connected cascaded PV systems.
Attic Document Reliefs: Art and Politics in Ancient Athens

A unique, fully illustrated, and fascinating study of all the known carved reliefs decorating official inscriptions in classical and Hellenistic Athens. The author's new and illuminating work on the iconography of these reliefs shows how the gods, heroes, and other personifications were not simply decorative, but integral to the overall political message.
First Demonstration of a Musical Emotion BCI

Development of EEG-based brain computer interface (BCI) methods has largely focused on creating a communication channel for subjects with intact cognition but profound loss of motor control from stroke or neurodegenerative disease that allows such subjects to communicate by spelling out words on a personal computer. However, other important human communication channels may also be limited or unavailable for handicapped subjects -direct non-linguistic emotional communication by gesture, vocal prosody, facial expression, etc.. We report and examine a first demonstration of a musical ‘emotion BCI’ in which, as one element of a live musical performance, an able-bodied subject successfully engaged the electronic delivery of an ordered sequence of five music two-tone bass frequency drone sounds by imaginatively re-experiencing the human feeling he had spontaneously associated with the sound of each drone sound during training sessions. The EEG data included activities of both brain and non-brain sources (scalp muscles, eye movements). Common Spatial Pattern classification gave 84% correct pseudo-online performance and 5-of-5 correct classification in live performance. Re-analysis of the training session data including only the brain EEG sources found by multiple-mixture Amica ICA decomposition achieved five-class classification accuracy of 59-70%, confirming that different voluntary emotion imagination experiences may be associated with distinguishable brain source EEG dynamics.
Silk fibroin/gelatin electrospun nanofibrous dressing functionalized with astragaloside IV induces healing and anti-scar effects on burn wound.

Functional wound dressing has provided new challenges for researchers who focus on burn to improve skin graft quality, reduce scarring, and develop a pluristratified dermal or epidermal construct of a burn wound. This study aimed to investigate the effect of a silk fibroin/gelatin (SF/GT) electrospun nanofibrous dressing loaded with astragaloside IV (AS) on deep partial-thickness burn wound. AS-loaded SF/GT-blended nanofibrous dressing was prepared by electrospinning nanotechnology. The optimal ratio (25:75) of silk fibroin to gelatin was further optimized by evaluating ATR-FTIR characteristics, mechanical properties, porosity, swelling rate, degradation, and release profile of the AS-loaded SF/GT nanofibrous dressing. In contrast to the blank control, the AS-loaded SF/GT nanofibrous dressing promoted cell adhesion and proliferation with good biocompatibility in vitro (p<0.01). This dressing also accelerated wound healing and inhibited scar formation in vivo by stimulating wound closure (p<0.05), increasing angiogenesis, regulating newly formed types of collagen, and improving collagen organization. These results showed that SF/GT nanofibrous dressing is a promising topical drug delivery system. Furthermore, AS-functionalized SF/GT nanofibrous dressing is an excellent topical therapeutic that could be applied to promote healing and elicit anti-scar effects on partial-thickness burn wound.
Independent and Mediated Contributions of Personality, Coping, Social Support, and Depressive Symptoms to Physical Functioning Outcome Among Patients in Cardiac Rehabilitation

This study examined the direct and mediated contributions of psychosocial variables to posttreatment physical functioning among 142 patients receiving cardiac rehabilitation. Two models were proposed and tested. In the first model, psychosocial factors were correlated and made to predict baseline and 6-week physical functioning. The results showed that after controlling for age, illness severity, baseline physical functioning, and other psychosocial correlates, optimism and social support still significantly predicted better posttreatment physical functioning. In the second model, we explored both the direct and mediational relationships between psychosocial factors and physical health outcomes. Optimism and social support were found to contribute to health outcomes not only directly but also indirectly through the mediation of less engagement in detrimental coping and lower depressive symptoms, whereas hostility and negative coping only predicted outcomes indirectly through mediators. These findings highlighted the importance of addressing psychosocial issues and their interrelationships in cardiac rehabilitation.