LLukas22/scidocs huggingface dataset:
Chest pain in the emergency room: a multicenter validation of the HEART Score.

OBJECTIVE
Decision-making in chest pain patients is hampered by poor diagnostic power of patient's history, electrocardiogram, age, risk factors, and troponin. Each of these findings may be qualified with 0, 1, or 2 points. Together they compose the HEART score. We tested the hypothesis that the HEART score predicts major adverse cardiac events.


DESIGN
Retrospective multicenter analysis in patients presenting at the cardiology emergency room.


SETTING
Patient inclusion between January 1 and March 31, 2006.


PATIENTS
A total of 2161 patients were admitted, of which 910 patients (42%) presented with chest pain. Analysis was performed in 880 cases (96.7%).


MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES
The primary endpoint was a composite of acute myocardial infarction, percutaneous coronary intervention, coronary artery bypass graft surgery and death, within 6 weeks after presentation, together called major adverse cardiac events.


RESULTS
A total of 158 patients (17.95%) reached the primary endpoint. Ninety-two patients had an acute myocardial infarction (10.45%), 82 a percutaneous coronary intervention (9.32%), 36 a coronary artery bypass graft (4.09%), and 13 died (1.48%). Of 303 patients with HEART score 0 to 3, three (0.99%) had an endpoint. In 413 patients with HEART score 4 to 6, 48 cases (11.6%) reached an endpoint. In case of a HEART score of 7 to 10, an endpoint was reached in 107/164 cases (65.2%).


CONCLUSIONS
The HEART score helps in making accurate diagnostic and therapeutic decisions without the use of radiation or invasive procedures. The HEART score is an easy, quick, and reliable predictor of outcome in chest pain patients and can be used for triage.
Tales about a small software testing bridge from academy to SMEs

This report describes our experiences during a University/Industry Interaction of type "technology transfer" and "consultancy service to help the company solve a, by them signaled, problem". We will describe the settings of the project, the progress of the project, the failures, successes and lessons learned.
Screening Dyslexia for English Using HCI Measures and Machine Learning

More than 10% of the population has dyslexia, and most are diagnosed only after they fail in school. This work seeks to change this through early detection via machine learning models that predict dyslexia by observing how people interact with a linguistic computer-based game. We designed items of the game taking into account (i) the empirical linguistic analysis of the errors that people with dyslexia make, and (ii) specific cognitive skills related to dyslexia: Language Skills, Working Memory, Executive Functions, and Perceptual Processes. . Using measures derived from the game, we conducted an experiment with 267 children and adults in order to train a statistical model that predicts readers with and without dyslexia using measures derived from the game. The model was trained and evaluated in a 10-fold cross experiment, reaching 84.62% accuracy using the most informative features.
Design and implementation of membrane controllers for trajectory tracking of nonholonomic wheeled mobile robots

This paper proposes a novel trajectory tracking control approach for nonholonomic wheeled mobile robots. In this approach, the integration of feed-forward and feedback controls is presented to design the kinematic controller of wheeled mobile robots, where the control law is constructed on the basis of Lyapunov stability theory, for generating the precisely desired velocity as the input of the dynamic model of wheeled mobile robots; a proportional-integral-derivative based membrane controller is introduced to design the dynamic controller of wheeled mobile robots to make the actual velocity follow the desired velocity command. The proposed approach is defined by using an enzymatic numerical membrane system to integrate two proportional-integral-derivative controllers, where neural networks and experts’ knowledge are applied to tune parameters. Extensive experiments conducted on the simulated wheeled mobile robots show the effectiveness of this approach.
A Bpt Column 1 David S. Frankel a Bpt Column 2 Mda Journal Mda Journal Model-driven Software Development Executive Overview

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The symbolic computation of vector field expressions

This is an expository paper explaining how trees can be used to compute effectively the vector field expressions which arise in nonlinear control theory. It also describe the mathematical structure that sets of trees carry.
Evaluation of the possible proapoptotic effect on Tetrodotoxin on Ehrlich Ascites Carcinoma Cells ( EAC ) using P 53 & Caspase 3 immunohistochemistry in mice ' s liver

It is becoming obvious that all cancers have a defe ctiv p53 pathway, either through TP53 mutation or deregulation of the tumor suppressor function of the wild type TP53 . In this study we examined the expression of P53 and Caspase 3 in transperitoneally injected Ehrlich As cite carcinoma cells (EAC) treated with Tetrodotoxin in the liver of adult mice in order to evaluate the po ssible pro apoptotic effect of Tetrodotoxin . Results: Early in the treatment, num erous EAC detected in the large blood vessels & cen tral veins and expressed both of P53 & Caspase 3 in contrast to the late absence of P53 expressing EAC at the 12 th day of Tetrodotoxin treatment. In the same context , predominantly the perivascular hepatocytes expresse d Caspase 3 in contrast to the more diffuse express ion pattern late with Tetrodotoxin treatment. Non of the hepatocytes ever expressed P5 3 neither with early nor late Tetrodotoxin treatmen t. Conclusion: Tetrodotoxin therapy has a proapoptotic effect on Ehrlich Ascites carcin oma Cells (EAC). This may be through enhancing the tumor suppressor function of the wild type TP53 with subsequent Caspase 3 activation .
Geo-Location Database Techniques for Incumbent Protection in the TV White Space

The opening of the television bands in the United States presents an exciting opportunity for secondary spectrum utilization. Protecting licensed broadcast television viewers from harmful interference due to secondary spectrum usage is critical to the successful deployment of TV white space devices. A wide variety of secondary system operating scenarios must be considered in any potential interference analysis, as described below. Several different types of licensed television transmitters currently exist in the TV bands, along with secondary licensed services, such as wireless microphones. All licensed services must be adequately protected from harmful interference, which can readily and reliably be achieved with the described geo-location database methods. Specific implementation details of geo-location databases are discussed, including several complexity reduction techniques. Geo-location database techniques are also shown to more efficiently utilize available spectrum than other spectrum access techniques.
Understanding Exposure for Reverse Tone Mapping

High dynamic range (HDR) displays are capable of providing a rich visual experience by boosting both luminance and contrast beyond what conventional displays can offer. We envision that HDR capture and display hardware will soon reach the mass market and become mainstream in most fields, from entertainment to scientific visualization. This will necessarily lead to an extensive redesign of the imaging pipeline. However, a vast amount of legacy content is available, captured and stored using the traditional, low dynamic range (LDR) pipeline. The immediate question that arises is: will our current LDR digital material be properly visualized on an HDR display? The answer to this question involves the process known as reverse tone mapping (the expansion of luminance and contrast to match those of the HDR display) for which no definite solution exists. This paper studies the specific problem of reverse tone mapping for imperfect legacy still images, where some regions are underor overexposed. First, we show the results of a psychophysical study compared with first-order image statistics, in an attempt to gain some understanding in what makes an image be perceived as incorrectly exposed; second, we propose a methodology to evaluate existing reverse tone mapping algorithms in the case of imperfect legacy content.
Venue Analytics: A Simple Alternative to Citation-Based Metrics

We present a method for automatically organizing and evaluating the quality of different publishing venues in Computer Science. Since this method only requires paper publication data as its input, we can demonstrate our method on a large portion of the DBLP dataset, spanning 50 years, with millions of authors and thousands of publishing venues. By formulating venue authorship as a regression problem and targeting metrics of interest, we obtain venue scores for every conference and journal in our dataset. The obtained scores can also provide a per-year model of conference quality, showing how fields develop and change over time. Additionally, these venue scores can be used to evaluate individual academic authors and academic institutions. We show that using venue scores to evaluate both authors and institutions produces quantitative measures that are comparable to approaches using citations or peer assessment. In contrast to many other existing evaluation metrics, our use of large-scale, openly available data enables this approach to be repeatable and transparent.
The systems development dilemma: Whether to adopt formalized systems development methodologies or not?

Systems development issues occupy a position of central importance in the information systems field and, indeed, much has been prescribed in the quest for successful systems development. However, given the welldocumented "software crisis", success is far from guaranteed for many systems development projects. Many researchers see the solution to the software crisis in terms of increased control and the more widespread adoption of rigorous and formalised system development methodologies (SDMs), and this paper first presents the arguments and pressures in favour of formalised methodologies. However, the problems associated with the use of formalised methodologies have not perhaps received as much attention in the literature. A number of arguments are presented in this paper which question the value of formalised methodologies. These dichotomous arguments—for and against formalised SDMs—bring about a dilemma for systems developers as to whether to adopt a formalised development methodology or not. The implications of this dilemma are discussed in this paper and a number of issues for further research are proposed.
SuperedgeRank algorithm and its application in identifying opinion leader of online public opinion supernetwork

Opinion leaders on the internet are very important figures in online communities, which play an important role in promoting the formation of public opinions. Many theories have been introduced to identify opinion leaders by social network analysis, text mining and PageRank-based algorithm in different fields, but few has addressed the issue of opinion leader identification by combining the methods above, and there is no research using supernetwork analysis to identify opinion leaders. This paper proposed an SuperedgeRank algorithm for opinion leader identification based on supernetwork theory, which combined the network topology analysis and text mining. First, the study established a supernetwork model with multidimensional subnetworks, which are social, psychological, environmental and viewpoint subnetworks. Then, the study proposed four supernetwork indexes: node superdegree, superedge degree, superedge–superedge distance and superedge overlap. The later two indexes are developed by us to help evaluate the identified opinion leaders. Based on them, our study applied SuperedgeRank algorithm to rank superedges, and used the ranking result to identify opinion leaders in opinion supernetwork model. Finally, the feasibility and innovativeness of this method were verified by a case study. 2013 Published by Elsevier Ltd.
Psychopathological status, behavior problems, and family adjustment of Kuwaiti children whose fathers were involved in the first gulf war

OBJECTIVES
Following the end of the Gulf War that resulted in the liberation of Kuwait, there are no reports on the impact of veterans' traumatic exposure and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) on their children. We compared the severity of anxiety, depression, deviant behavior and poor family adjustment among the children of a stratified random sample of four groups of Kuwaiti military men, viz: the retired; an active -in-the-army group (AIA) (involved in duties at the rear); an in-battle group (IB) (involved in combat); and a prisoners -of- war (POWs) group. Also, we assessed the association of father's PTSD/combat status and mother's characteristics with child psychosocial outcomes.


METHOD
Subjects were interviewed at home, 6 years after the war, using: the Child Behavior Index to assess anxiety, depression, and adaptive behavior; Rutter Scale A2 for deviant behavior; and Family Adjustment Device for adjustment at home. Both parents were assessed for PTSD.


RESULTS
The 489 offspring (250 m, 239 f; mean age 13.8 yrs) belonged to 166 father-mother pairs. Children of POWs tended to have higher anxiety, depression, and abnormal behavior scores. Those whose fathers had PTSD had significantly higher depression scores. However, children of fathers with both PTSD and POW status (N = 43) did not have significantly different outcome scores than the other father PTSD/combat status groups. Mother's PTSD, anxiety, depression and social status were significantly associated with all the child outcome variables. Parental age, child's age and child's level of education were significant covariates. Although children with both parents having PTSD had significantly higher anxiety/depression scores, the mother's anxiety was the most frequent and important predictor of child outcome variables. The frequency of abnormal test scores was: 14% for anxiety/depression, and 17% for deviant behavior.


CONCLUSION
Our findings support the impression that child emotional experiences in vulnerable family situations transcend culture and are associated with the particular behavior of significant adults in the child's life. The primacy of the mother's influence has implications for interventions to improve the psychological functioning of children in such families. Mental health education for these families has the potential to help those in difficulty.
Microstructure, thermal analysis and hardness of a Sn-Ag-Cu-1 wt% nano-TiO2 composite solder on flexible ball grid array substrates

Sn–Ag–Cu composite solders reinforced with nano-sized, nonreacting, noncoarsening 1 wt% TiO2 particles were prepared by mechanically dispersing TiO2 nano-particles into Sn–Ag–Cu solder powder and the interfacial morphology of the solder and flexible BGA substrates were characterized metallographically. At their interfaces, different types of scallop-shaped intermetallic compound layers such as Cu6Sn5 for a Ag metallized Cu pad and Sn–Cu–Ni for a Au/Ni and Ni metallized Cu pad, were found in plain Sn–Ag–Cu solder joints and solder joints containing 1 wt% TiO2 nano-particles. In addition, the intermetallic compound layer thicknesses increased substantially with the number of reflow cycles. In the solder ball region, Ag3Sn, Cu6Sn5 and AuSn4 IMC particles were found to be uniformly distributed in the b-Sn matrix. However, after the addition of TiO2 nano-particles, Ag3Sn, AuSn4 and Cu6Sn5 IMC particles appeared with a fine microstructure and retarded the growth rate of IMC layers at their interfaces. The Sn–Ag–Cu solder joints containing 1 wt% TiO2 nano-particles consistently displayed a higher hardness than that of the plain Sn–Ag–Cu solder joints as a function of the number of reflow cycles due to the well-controlled fine microstructure and homogeneous distribution of TiO2 nano-particles which gave a second phase dispersion strengthening mechanism. 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
The Design of Focus Area Maturity Models

Maturity models are a well-known instrument to support the improvement of functional domains in IS, like software development or testing. In this paper we present a generic method for developing focus area maturity models based on both extensive industrial experience and scientific investigation. Focus area maturity models are distinguished from fixed-level maturity models, like CMM, in that they are especially suited to the incremental improvement of functional domains.
Critical appraisal of health literacy indices revealed variable underlying constructs, narrow content and psychometric weaknesses.

OBJECTIVE
Health literacy refers to an individual's ability to seek, understand, and use health information. A range of indices exist that purport to measure health literacy across individuals and populations. This study aimed to review the development and content of existing indices and to critically appraise their properties.


STUDY DESIGN AND SETTING
Using standardized search terms, published generic health literacy indices (1990-2008) were identified. Using a methodological framework, each was evaluated for purpose, validity (face, content, construct), reliability, responsiveness, feasibility, and generalizability.


RESULTS
Nineteen instruments were evaluated. Three measurement approaches were identified: direct testing of individual abilities, self-report of abilities, and population-based proxy measures. Composition of underlying constructs and content varied widely across instruments, and none appeared to fully measure a person's ability to seek, understand, and use health information. The content was focused primarily on reading comprehension and numeracy; scoring categories were poorly defined and may not be mutually exclusive, and few indices had been assessed for reliability.


CONCLUSION
Health literacy is not consistently measured, making it difficult to interpret and compare health literacy at individual and population levels. Empirical evidence demonstrating validity and reliability of existing indices is required, and more comprehensive health literacy instruments need to be developed.
Grid-enabling data mining applications with DataMiningGrid: An architectural perspective

The DataMiningGrid system has been designed to meet the requirements of modern and distributed data mining scenarios. Based on the Globus Toolkit and other open technology and standards, the DataMiningGrid system provides tools and services facilitating the grid-enabling of data mining applications without any intervention on the application side. Critical features of the system include flexibility, extensibility, scalability, efficiency, conceptual simplicity and ease of use. The system has been developed and evaluated on the basis of a diverse set of use cases from different sectors in science and technology. The DataMiningGrid software is freely available under Apache License 2.0. c © 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
Rational Attention Allocation over the Business Cycle

Department of Finance Stern School of Business and NBER, New York University, 44 W. 4th Street, New York, NY 10012; mkacperc@stern.nyu.edu; http://www.stern.nyu.edu/∼mkacperc. Department of Finance Stern School of Business, NBER, and CEPR, New York University, 44 W. 4th Street, New York, NY 10012; svnieuwe@stern.nyu.edu; http://www.stern.nyu.edu/∼svnieuwe. Department of Economics Stern School of Business, NBER, and CEPR, New York University, 44 W. 4th Street, New York, NY 10012; lveldkam@stern.nyu.edu; http://www.stern.nyu.edu/∼lveldkam. We thank John Campbell, Joseph Chen, Xavier Gabaix, Vincent Glode, Ralph Koijen, Jeremy Stein, Matthijs van Dijk, and seminar participants at NYU Stern (economics and finance), Harvard Business School, Chicago Booth, MIT Sloan, Yale SOM, Stanford University (economics and finance), University of California at Berkeley (economics and finance), UCLA economics, Duke economics, University of Toulouse, University of Vienna, Australian National University, University of Melbourne, University of New South Wales, University of Sydney, University of Technology Sydney, Erasmus University, University of Mannheim, University of Alberta, Concordia, Lugano, the Amsterdam Asset Pricing Retreat, the Society for Economic Dynamics meetings in Istanbul, CEPR Financial Markets conference in Gerzensee, UBC Summer Finance conference, and Econometric Society meetings in Atlanta for useful comments and suggestions. Finally, we thank the Q-group for their generous financial support.
Factors influencing treatment selection and survival in advanced lung cancer.

PURPOSE
Despite numerous breakthrough therapies, inoperable lung cancer still places a heavy burden on patients who might not be candidates for chemotherapy. To identify potential candidates for the newly emerging immunotherapy-based treatment paradigms, we explored the clinical and biologic factors affecting treatment decisions.


METHODS
We retrospectively reviewed the records of patients diagnosed at our university-affiliated cancer centre between 1 January 2011 and 31 December 2013. Patient demographics, systemic treatment, and survival were examined.


RESULTS
During the 3-year study period, 683 patients fitting the inclusion criteria were identified. First-line therapy was administered in 49.5% of patients; only 22.4% received further lines of therapy. The main reasons for withholding therapy were poor performance status [ps (43.2%)], rapidly deteriorating ps (31.9%), patient refusal of therapy (20.9%), and associated comorbidities (4%). Older age, the presence of brain metastasis at diagnosis, and non-small-cell histology were also associated with therapeutic restraint. Oncology referrals were infrequent in patients who did not receive therapy (32.2%). Older patients and those with a poor ps experienced superior survival when treatment was administered (hazard ratio: 0.25; 95% confidence interval: 0.16 to 0.38; and hazard ratio: 0.44; 95% confidence interval: 0.23 to 0.87 respectively; p < 0.001).


CONCLUSIONS
Advanced lung cancer still poses a therapeutic challenge, with a high proportion of patients being deemed unfit for therapy. This issue cannot be resolved until appropriate measures are taken to ensure the inclusion of older patients and those with a relatively poor ps in large clinical trials. Immunotherapy might be interesting in this setting, given that it appears to be more tolerable. Another consequential undertaking would be the deployment of strategies to reduce wait times during the diagnostic process for patients with a high index of suspicion for lung cancer.