LLukas22/scidocs huggingface dataset:
Using machine learning to refine Category-Partition test specifications and test suites

In the context of open source development or software evolution, developers often face test suites which have been developed with no apparent rationale and which may need to be augmented or refined to ensure sufficient dependability, or even reduced to meet tight deadlines. We refer to this process as the re-engineering of test suites. It is important to provide both methodological and tool support to help people understand the limitations of test suites and their possible redundancies, so as to be able to refine them in a cost effective manner. To address this problem in the case of black-box, Category-Partition testing, we propose a methodology and a tool based on machine learning that has shown promising results on a case study involving students as testers. 2009 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
Increased mortality in bulimia nervosa and other eating disorders.

OBJECTIVE
Anorexia nervosa has been consistently associated with increased mortality, but whether this is true for other types of eating disorders is unclear. The goal of this study was to determine whether anorexia nervosa, bulimia nervosa, and eating disorder not otherwise specified are associated with increased all-cause mortality or suicide mortality.


METHOD
Using computerized record linkage to the National Death Index, the authors conducted a longitudinal assessment of mortality over 8 to 25 years in 1,885 individuals with anorexia nervosa (N=177), bulimia nervosa (N=906), or eating disorder not otherwise specified (N=802) who presented for treatment at a specialized eating disorders clinic in an academic medical center.


RESULTS
Crude mortality rates were 4.0% for anorexia nervosa, 3.9% for bulimia nervosa, and 5.2% for eating disorder not otherwise specified. All-cause standardized mortality ratios were significantly elevated for bulimia nervosa and eating disorder not otherwise specified; suicide standardized mortality ratios were elevated for bulimia nervosa and eating disorder not otherwise specified.


CONCLUSIONS
Individuals with eating disorder not otherwise specified, which is sometimes viewed as a "less severe" eating disorder, had elevated mortality risks, similar to those found in anorexia nervosa. This study also demonstrated an increased risk of suicide across eating disorder diagnoses.
Droplets move over viscoelastic substrates by surfing a ridge

Liquid drops on soft solids generate strong deformations below the contact line, resulting from a balance of capillary and elastic forces. The movement of these drops may cause strong, potentially singular dissipation in the soft solid. Here we show that a drop on a soft substrate moves by surfing a ridge: the initially flat solid surface is deformed into a sharp ridge whose orientation angle depends on the contact line velocity. We measure this angle for water on a silicone gel and develop a theory based on the substrate rheology. We quantitatively recover the dynamic contact angle and provide a mechanism for stick-slip motion when a drop is forced strongly: the contact line depins and slides down the wetting ridge, forming a new one after a transient. We anticipate that our theory will have implications in problems such as self-organization of cell tissues or the design of capillarity-based microrheometers.
Personality and school performance: Incremental validity of self- and peer-ratings over intelligence

This paper examines the relationship of self and other-assessed personality with school grades in 255 (88 male) Croatian pupils. Conscientiousness was the strongest personality correlate of school grades for both self and peer-ratings. Grades were also negatively correlated with self-assessed Extraversion and Emotional Stability, and positively correlated with peer-ratings of Autonomy. When cognitive ability was partialled out correlations between personality and school grades showed little change, indicating that the effects of personality on academic performance were independent of intelligence. Hierarchical regressions indicated that personality accounted for unique variance in school grades: 18% by selfand 25% by peer-ratings. Self-ratings had only marginal incremental validity over peer-ratings in predicting school grades (3%), while incremental validity of peerover self-ratings was larger (9%). 2006 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Strategic announcements of reference points in disputes and litigations

This note shows how the frequent occurrence of seeing exceedingly high claims in disputes and litigations can be rationalized by a model in which claimants display reference dependent preferences, expect the judge to use a generalized social welfare function, and strategically announce their reference points.
Effects of dehydroepiandrosterone therapy on pubic hair growth and psychological well-being in adolescent girls and young women with central adrenal insufficiency: a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled phase III trial.

CONTEXT AND OBJECTIVE
The efficacy of oral dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) in the treatment of atrichia pubis and psychological distress in young females with central adrenal insufficiency is unknown. Our study aimed to evaluate this therapy.


DESIGN AND PATIENTS
A total of 23 young females (mean age 18 yr, range 13-25) was enrolled in a double-blind randomized placebo-controlled trial. Inclusion criteria were ACTH deficiency plus two or more additional pituitary deficiencies, serum DHEA less than 400 ng/ml, and pubertal stage more than B2. Exclusion criteria were cerebral radiation with more than 30 Gy, tumor remission less than 1 yr, amaurosis, hypothalamic obesity, psychiatric disorders, and unstable hormone medication.


INTERVENTION
Patients were randomized to placebo (n = 12) or 25 mg HPLC-purified DHEA/d (n = 11) orally for 12 months after stratification into a nontumor (n = 7) and a tumor group (n = 16).


MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES
Clinical scoring of pubic hair stage was performed at 0, 6, and 12 months (primary endpoint), and psychometrical evaluation (Symptom Check-List-90-R and the Centre for Epidemiological Studies-Depression Scale) at 0 and 12 months (secondary endpoint). Androgen levels and safety parameters were measured at 0, 6, and 12 months; 24-h androgen urinary excretion rates were calculated at 0 and 12 months.


RESULTS
In the placebo group, four patients dropped out because of recurrence of craniopharyngioma, manifestation of type 1 diabetes, and change of residence (n = 2); in the DHEA group, one patient dropped out because of recurrent anxiety attacks. DHEA substitution resulted in normalization of DHEA sulfate and androstanediol glucuronide morning serum levels 2 h after drug intake (P < 0.006), and of its 24 h urinary metabolite levels (P < 0.0001), placebo had no effect. Morning serum levels of androstenedione increased in the DHEA group (P < 0.02) but did not normalize. The DHEA group exhibited significant progress in pubic hair growth from Tanner stage I-III to II-V (mean: +1.5 stages), whereas the placebo group did not (relative risk 0.138; 95% confidence interval 0.021-0.914; P = 0.0046). Importantly, eight of the 10 Symptom Check-List-90-R scores, including those for depression, anxiety, and interpersonal sensitivity, and the global severity index improved in the DHEA group in comparison to the placebo group (P < 0.048). DHEA was well tolerated.


CONCLUSIONS
In adolescent girls with central adrenal insufficiency, daily replacement with 25 mg DHEA orally is beneficial: atrichia pubis vanishes, and psychological well-being improves significantly.
Bisphenol A is associated with insulin resistance and modulates adiponectin and resistin gene expression in obese children.

BACKGROUND
Bisphenol A (BPA) exposure has been associated with increased incidence of diabetes and obesity in adults.


OBJECTIVES
To evaluate whether an association between BPA urinary levels and insulin resistance as well as adiponectin and resistin production and serum concentrations may occur in obese children.


METHODS
Clinical and biochemical features of 141 obese children were collected. Serum resistin and adiponectin were evaluated. Insulin resistance and urinary BPA levels were assessed. Moreover, the effect of BPA on adiponectin and resistin gene expression in adipocytes from eight normal weight prepubertal children was investigated by quantitative real-time RT-PCR (qPCR).


RESULTS
Direct association between BPA and homeostasis model assessment (r = 0.23; p: 0.0069) and a strong inverse association between BPA and adiponectin have been found (r = -0.48; p < 0.0001). In adipocytes, resistin expression was detected only after BPA treatment, while adiponectin expression resulted down-regulated after BPA exposure (p < 0.05 at both 10 and 100 nM BPA concentrations).


CONCLUSIONS
We suggest the involvement of BPA in the development of insulin resistance in childhood obesity highlighting that urinary BPA levels are directly associated with insulin resistance regardless of BMI. This association may be explained, at least partly, by the findings that BPA affects resistin and adiponectin production in adipose tissue cultures.
Variation of wood color parameters of Tectona grandis and its relationship with physical environmental factors

Teak’s wood color is considered an important attribute in the marketing phase and it has been influenced by environmental setting, stand conditions and management, plant genetic source, and age. However, there is a lack of understanding about how the environmental factors might affect the teak’s wood color planted in short-rotation forest plantations. The aim of this study is to understand the relationship, gathered from generated information, between edaphic and climatic variables and their effects in the wood color variation of Tectona grandis from trees in forest plantations. Twenty-two plots were grouped in five cluster sites that shared similar climatic and soil conditions. Data about soil’s physical–chemical properties and climatic variables were collected and analyzed. Representative trees were harvested next to each plot in order to obtain a wood sample per tree at a diameter breast height. Wood color was measured using standardized CIELab’s chromaticity system. After comparing the wood change color index (∆E*) in the five studied clusters, it was found that heartwood produced from drier and fertile sites had more yellowish-brown color. The heartwood b* color index resulted with significant correlations (R > 0.5, P < 0.05) among nine climatic and eight edaphic variables. It was concluded that climatic variables should be considered as the first-order causal variables to explain wood color variation. Hence, darker b* wood color was associated with dry climates; also, with deeper and fertile sites.
Benefit of ablation of first diagnosed paroxysmal atrial fibrillation during coronary artery bypass grafting: a pilot study.

OBJECTIVES
Whether patients with recent onset of paroxysmal atrial fibrillation (PAF) might benefit of epicardial atrial fibrillation (AF) ablation concomitant to coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) is not known. The aim of this prospective, randomized, single-centre pilot study is the comparison of patients with first diagnosed AF submitted to CABG and treated with and without epicardial pulmonary vein isolation (PVI).


METHODS
Patients with first diagnosed PAF and indication for CABG were enrolled in this prospective randomized pilot study. The primary endpoint was AF-free survival (AF burden <0.5%) between the two groups at 18-month follow-up. The secondary endpoints were the percentage of AF burden defined through continuous monitoring using an implantable loop recorder, thromboembolic events and procedural complications. All patients were implanted with a subcutaneous cardiac monitor to track the cardiac rhythm and measure the AF burden.


RESULTS
This study enrolled 35 patients (mean age 59 ± 7 years, 74% males), followed up for 18 months after CABG. The patients were randomly allocated to two groups, CABG alone (n = 17) and CABG with concomitant PVI (n = 18). At 18-month follow-up after surgery, 16 (89%) patients in the CABG + PVI group were AF-free (i.e. AF% < 0.5%) vs 8 (47%) in the CABG only group (log-rank test, P = 0.007). At the end of follow-up, the mean AF burden in the CABG and the CABG + PVI group was 7.8 ± 5.1 and 1.6 ± 1.8%, respectively (P < 0.001). Two (18.2%) of the 11 patients with AF recurrences were completely asymptomatic.


CONCLUSIONS
Patients with recent-onset AF submitted to CABG may benefit of concomitant ablation of the arrhythmia for preventing recurrences.
Status of Water Quality Based on the Physico-Chemical Assessment on River Water at Wildlife Sanctuary Sibuti Mangrove Forest, Miri Sarawak

Problem statement: Mangrove forest is a component of wetlands that has been recognized as one of the most productive ecosystem in the trop ic. Rapid development and other land uses in the mangrove areas over the years had negatively affect ed the ecological functions and its ecosystem. Study was carried out on river water quality at Sib uti Wildlife Sanctuary, Miri based on the physicochemical properties. Approach: A total of 72 water samples were collected from 12 stations or sampling points from Sungai Sibuti (SS) and its tributary, a man-ma de canal called Sungai Parit Scheme (SPS) at Sibuti Wildlife Sanctuary Miri, Sar awak in the month of June, August and October 2010. In situ data measurement such as temperature, conductivity, Dissolved Oxygen (DO), pH and turbidity were taken and labeled. Analysis for para meter such as ammoniacal nitrogen (NH 3-N), Biological Oxygen Demand (BOD), Chemical Oxygen Dem and (COD) and total suspended solids (TSS) were conducted in the laboratory. Both in situ and ex situ data were measured and analyzed according to the Standards Methods APHA, 2005. Results for each water quality parameters are summarized as follows, temperature range (29.3-32.8 °C), pH range (6.02-8.07), DO range (2.76-4.7 mg L), conductivity (0.805-96.1 μS cm), TSS range (0.00119-0.4361 mg L ), turbidity (10.2-15.3 NTU), BOD range (5.21-6.66 mg L ), COD (7.5-25) and ammoniacal nitrogen (0.1-0.31 m g L). Results: Based on Water Quality Index (WQI) and Interim Nat ional Water Quality Standards for Malaysia (INWQS) by the Department of Environment M alaysia, river water of SPS and SS fall under Class II. Conclusion: The water quality status of river water at Sibuti W ildlife Sanctuary Mangrove Forest, Miri Sarawak is under category class II or g od water quality status. All water quality parameters in this study are found to be in class I and II (good water quality) except for the BOD and DO which indicate fairer and moderate river water q uality status.
Bagging to Improve the Accuracy of A Clustering Procedure

MOTIVATION
The microarray technology is increasingly being applied in biological and medical research to address a wide range of problems such as the classification of tumors. An important statistical question associated with tumor classification is the identification of new tumor classes using gene expression profiles. Essential aspects of this clustering problem include identifying accurate partitions of the tumor samples into clusters and assessing the confidence of cluster assignments for individual samples.


RESULTS
Two new resampling methods, inspired from bagging in prediction, are proposed to improve and assess the accuracy of a given clustering procedure. In these ensemble methods, a partitioning clustering procedure is applied to bootstrap learning sets and the resulting multiple partitions are combined by voting or the creation of a new dissimilarity matrix. As in prediction, the motivation behind bagging is to reduce variability in the partitioning results via averaging. The performances of the new and existing methods were compared using simulated data and gene expression data from two recently published cancer microarray studies. The bagged clustering procedures were in general at least as accurate and often substantially more accurate than a single application of the partitioning clustering procedure. A valuable by-product of bagged clustering are the cluster votes which can be used to assess the confidence of cluster assignments for individual observations.


SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION
For supplementary information on datasets, analyses, and software, consult http://www.stat.berkeley.edu/~sandrine and http://www.bioconductor.org.
The efficacy of dance movement therapy group on improvement of quality of life : A randomized controlled trial

This study examines the treatment outcome of a ten weeks dance movement therapy intervention on quality of life (QOL). The multicentred study used a subject-design with pre-test, post-test, and six months follow-up test. 162 participants who suffered from stress were randomly assigned to the dance movement therapy treatment group (TG) (n = 97) and the wait-listed control group (WG) (65). The World Health Organization Quality of Life Questionnaire 100 (WHOQOL-100) and Munich Life Dimension List were used in both groups at all three measurement points. Repeated measures ANOVA revealed that dance movement therapy participants in all QOL dimensions always more than the WG. In the short term, they significantly improved in the Psychological domain (p > .001, WHOQOL; p > .01, Munich Life Dimension List), Social relations/life (p > .10, WHOQOL; p > .10, Munich Life Dimension List), Global value (p > .05, WHOQOL), Physical health (p > .05, Munich Life Dimension List), and General life (p > .10, Munich Life Dimension List). In the long term, dance movement therapy significantly enhanced the psychological domain (p > .05, WHOQOL; p > .05, Munich Life Dimension List), Spirituality (p > .10, WHOQOL), and General life (p > .05, Munich Life Dimension List). Dance movement therapy is effective in the shortand long-term to improve QOL. © 2012 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
Incidence of impacted third molars: A radiographic study in People's Hospital, Bhopal, India.

OBJECTIVES
The aim of this study is to evaluate the position of impacted third molars based on the classifications of Pell & Gregory and Winter in a sample of Bhopal patients.


STUDY DESIGN
In this retrospective study, up to 1100 orthopantomograms (OPG) of the patients who were reported to the MaxilloFacial Department of PDA and Chowdhary hospital from January 2011 to December 2012 were evaluated.


RESULTS
Among 1100 patients, 730 were male and 370 were female patients. Of the 1100 OPGs studied, 3,910 third molars were noticed either impacted or erupted and 490 third molars were missing. The most common angulation of impaction in the mandible was in vertical position (41.4%) followed by mesioangular impaction (33.3%) and the most common angulation of impaction in the maxilla was the vertical (67.4%) which was followed by 15.2% in distoangular impaction. The level of eruption of impacted third molar was found to be 43.9% at level A, 34.8% at level B and 21.3% at level C. There was no significant difference between the right and left sides in both the jaws.


CONCLUSION
The pattern of third molar impaction in the region of Bhopal is characterized by a high prevalence of impaction, especially in the mandible. The most common angulation was the vertical in the mandible as well as in the maxilla. The most common level of impaction in mandible was level A and in maxilla is level C and there was no any significant difference between the right and left sides in both jaws.
The Notion Of Conscience

Nowadays the word “conscience” has an old-fashioned, obsolete air. I shall try to guess at the reasons, and then I shall consider whether they are good reasons.
Parameter estimation techniques: a tutorial with application to conic fitting

Almost all problems in computer vision are related in one form or an other to the problem of estimating parameters from noisy data. In this tutorial, we present what is probably the most commonly used techniques for parameter es timation. These include linear least-squares (pseudo-inverse and eigen analysis); orthogonal least-squares; gradient-weighted least-squares; bias-corrected renormal ization; Kalman ltering; and robust techniques (clustering, regression diagnostics, M-estimators, least median of squares). Particular attention has been devoted to discussions about the choice of appropriate minimization criteria and the robustness of the di erent techniques. Their application to conic tting is described. Key-words: Parameter estimation, Least-squares, Bias correction, Kalman lter ing, Robust regression Updated on April 15, 1996 To appear in Image and Vision Computing Journal, 1996
A generalized load management gateway coupling smart buildings to the grid

Buildings are currently largely passive participants in the electric grid. As functional and residential buildings are responsible for a sizeable share of energy consumption in the industrialized world, use in demand side management schemes is a promising area in a future smart power grid. As each individual building, especially in the residential sector, offers only limited load shifting potential and associated financial gain, acceptance of demand response programs that require manual user interaction is unlikely. Instead, schemes based on automatic control are a viable alternative. This paper proposes a building agent, which acts as load management gateway, autonomously managing a building as a single unit, utilizing load models on one hand and a generic communication scheme that avoids close coupling of building and grid on the other hand. The agent manipulates the consumption profile of the building in a way, which matches the demands of the smart grid and offers the resulting load shifting potential to the grid.
Efficacy and safety of the seven-day buprenorphine transdermal system in opioid-naïve patients with moderate to severe chronic low back pain: an enriched, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study.

CONTEXT
This article presents the results of a pivotal Phase 3 study that assesses a new treatment for the management of chronic low back pain: a transdermal patch containing the opioid buprenorphine. In this randomized, placebo-controlled study with an enriched enrollment design, the buprenorphine transdermal system (BTDS) was found to be efficacious and generally well tolerated.


OBJECTIVES
This enriched, multicenter, randomized, double-blind study evaluated the efficacy, tolerability, and safety of BTDS in opioid-naïve patients who had moderate to severe chronic low back pain.


METHODS
Patients who tolerated and responded to BTDS (10 or 20 mcg/hour) during an open-label run-in period were randomized to continue BTDS 10 or 20 mcg/hour or receive matching placebo. The primary outcome was "average pain over the last 24 hours" at the end of the 12-week double-blind phase, collected on an 11-point scale (0=no pain, 10=pain as bad as you can imagine). Sleep disturbance (Medical Outcomes Study subscale) and total number of supplemental analgesic tablets used were secondary efficacy variables.


RESULTS
Fifty-three percent of patients receiving open-label BTDS (541 of 1024) were randomized to receive BTDS (n=257) or placebo (n=284). Patients receiving BTDS reported statistically significantly lower pain scores at Week 12 compared with placebo (least square mean treatment difference: -0.58, P=0.010). Sensitivity analyses of the primary efficacy variable and results of the analysis of secondary efficacy variables supported the efficacy of BTDS relative to placebo. During the double-blind phase, the incidence of treatment-emergent adverse events was 55% for the BTDS treatment group and 52% for the placebo treatment group. Laboratory, vital sign, and electrocardiogram evaluations did not reveal unanticipated safety findings.


CONCLUSION
BTDS was efficacious in the treatment of opioid-naïve patients with moderate to severe chronic low back pain. Most treatment-emergent adverse events observed were consistent with those associated with the use of opioid agonists and transdermal patches.