LLukas22/scidocs huggingface dataset:
Encoding Cultural Heritage Information for the Semantic Web . Procedures for Data Integration through CIDOC-CRM Mapping

This paper describes the background and methods for the prod uction of CIDOC-CRM compliant data sets from diverse collec tions of source data. The construction of such data sets is based on data in column format, typically exported for databases, as well as free text, typically created through scanning and OCR proce ssing or transcription.
Systematic Creativity Methods in Engineering Education: A Learning Styles Perspective*

The traditional approach to creativity (using methods such as brainstorming, C-sketch, morphological charts, scamper, etc.) calls upon the designer to look inward for inspiration. TRIZ, on other hand, invites the designer to use a ready pool of knowledge for inspiration. TRIZ does not discount the use of the traditional approaches. On the contrary, TRIZ ensures that design teams use these traditional methods in a systematically directed manner by carrying out intelligent idea generation in areas where other people have solved a similar general design problem. The main focus of this paper is to look at systematic creativity methods, such as TRIZ, from a learning styles perspective. Three learning styles dominant in the engineering education literature are explored: MBTI, Kolb and Felder-Silverman. For each it was found that the tasks required of each of the TRIZ steps matches a broader range of engineering student learning styles, than the sole use of brainstorming.
Credit Card Borrowing , Delinquency , and Personal Bankruptcy

C redit card delinquencies and personal bankruptcy rates increased during the mid 1990s, despite the strength of the U.S. economy. Even though per capita income rose during that period, household borrowing grew at an even faster pace. The ratio of consumer debt (excluding real estate) to disposable income increased, and it has remained above 20 percent, despite rising incomes. The rise in revolving debt—mainly credit card loans 1 —was especially noticeable, resulting in an increase in the share of revolving debt in total consumer debt (Figure 1). The increase in personal bankruptcy rates was also substantial. From 1994 to 1998, the number of nonbusiness bankruptcy filings in the United States increased faster than during the four-year period that included the 1991 recession (Figure 2), reaching more than one filing per 100 households in 1998. The good news is that the number of filings dropped in 1999, and in the first quarter of 2000 was 5.8 percent lower than a year earlier. 2 The high rates of credit card delinquency and bankruptcy have generated much discussion about their causes. Some blame credit card default rates on lenders, whose more lenient standards have allowed consumers to borrow more than they can repay; others blame borrowers. The discussion has extended to the Congress, where a bankruptcy reform bill has been debated for the past few years. This article examines the relationship between consumer credit card borrowing, delinquency rates, and personal bankruptcies. It looks at developments involving borrowers , the demand side, and lenders, the supply side. Section I of the article presents background information and summarizes previous literature showing that credit card loans have been extended to higher-risk consumers over time. Section II analyzes borrow-ers' or the demand side of the credit card market. Using data collected in the 1998 Survey of Consumer Finances, we examine the effect of credit card borrowing on consumer payments delinquency. We also examine
Is Quantum Gravity Necessary

In view of the enormous difficulties we seem to face in quantizing general relativity, we should perhaps consider the possibility that gravity is a fundamentally classical interaction. Theoretical arguments against such mixed classical-quantum models are strong, but not conclusive, and the question is ultimately one for experiment. I review some work in progress on the possibility of experimental tests, exploiting the nonlinearity of the classical-quantum coupling, that could help settle this question.
The prediction of professional behaviour.

OBJECTIVE
The purpose of this study was to establish outcome measures for professionalism in medical students and to identify predictors of these outcomes.


DESIGN
Retrospective cohort study.


SETTING
A US medical school.


PARTICIPANTS
All students entering in 1995 and graduating within 5 years.


MEASURES
Outcome measures included review board identification of professionalism problems and clerkship evaluations for items pertaining to professionalism. Pre-clinical predictor variables included material from the admissions application, completion of required course evaluations, students' self-reporting of immunisation compliance, students' performance on standardised patient (SP) exercises, and students' self-assessed performance on SP exercises.


RESULTS
The outcome measures of clerkship professionalism scores were found to be highly reliable (alpha 0.88-0.96). No data from the admissions material was found to be predictive of professional behaviour in the clinical years. Using multivariate regression, failing to complete required course evaluations (B = 0.23) and failing to report immunisation compliance (B = 0.29) were significant predictors of unprofessional behaviour found by the review board in subsequent years. Immunisation non-compliance predicted low overall clerkship professional evaluation scores (B = - 0.34). Student self-assessment accuracy (SP score minus self-assessed score) (B = 0.03) and immunisation non-compliance (B = 0.54) predicted the internal medicine clerkship professionalism score.


CONCLUSIONS
This study identifies a set of reliable, context-bound outcome measures in professionalism. Although we searched for predictors of behaviour in the admissions application and other domains commonly felt to be predictive of professionalism, we found significant predictors only in domains where students had had opportunities to demonstrate conscientious behaviour or humility in self-assessment.
Temperature stable crystal oscillator

A crystal oscillator is proposed which can exhibit a frequency versus temperature stability comparable to that of the best atomic frequency standards.<<ETX>>
Extrapolation in NLP

We argue that extrapolation to examples outside the training space will often be easier for models that capture global structures, rather than just maximise their local fit to the training data. We show that this is true for two popular models: the Decomposable Attention Model and word2vec.
Optimizing urban rail timetable under time-dependent demand and oversaturated conditions

This article focuses on optimizing a passenger train timetable in a heavily congested urban rail corridor. When peak-hour demand temporally exceeds the maximum loading capacity of a train unit, passengers may not be able to board the next arrival train, and they may be forced to wait in queues for the following trains. Based on time-dependent, origin-to-destination trip records from an automatic fare collection system, a nonlinear optimization model is developed to capture the overall passenger delay, subject to resource constraints associated with a limited number of electronic multiple units. A first-in-first-out queuing assumption is introduced to analytically calculate effective passenger loading time periods and the resulting time-dependent waiting times for given dynamic and stochastic demand patterns. Based on cumulative input-output diagrams, two novel solution algorithms, namely, local improvement and dynamic programming methods, are presented to find optimal timetables for individual station cases. A genetic algorithm is developed to solve the multi-station problem through a special binary coding method that indicates a train departure or cancellation at every possible time point. The effectiveness of the proposed model and algorithm are evaluated using a real-world data set.
Edema as a very early marker for acute myocardial ischemia: a cardiovascular magnetic resonance study.

OBJECTIVES
This study was designed to determine whether imaging myocardial edema would identify acute myocardial ischemia before irreversible injury takes place.


BACKGROUND
Early identification of acute myocardial ischemia is a diagnostic challenge.


METHODS
We studied 15 dogs with serial T(2)-weighted and cine imaging at baseline, during transient coronary occlusion of up to 35 min, and after reperfusion in a 1.5-T magnetic resonance imaging system. Late gadolinium enhancement and troponin measurements were used to assess for the presence of irreversible injury. Myocardial water content was measured to assess myocardial edema.


RESULTS
We consistently observed a transmural area of high T(2) signal intensity matching areas with new onset regional akinesia 28 +/- 4 min after experimental coronary artery occlusion. At this time, the contrast-to-noise ratio between the ischemic and remote myocardium had significantly increased from 1.0 +/- 2.0 to 12.8 +/- 9.6 (p < 0.003), which further increased after reperfusion to 15.8 +/- 10.3 (p < 0.004 compared with baseline). Neither myocardial late gadolinium enhancement nor troponin elevation were noted at this time window. Myocardial water content of the ischemic segments was consistently higher (68.9 +/- 2% vs. 67.0 +/- 2%; p < 0.004) than in remote segments and the difference correlated significantly to the contrast-to-noise ratio in T(2) images (p < 0.04).


CONCLUSIONS
We provide the first evidence that T(2)-weighted cardiovascular magnetic resonance imaging of edema detects acute ischemic myocyte injury before the onset of irreversible injury. T(2)-weighted cardiovascular magnetic resonance imaging may serve as a very useful diagnostic marker in clinical settings such as unstable angina or evolving infarction.
Modular Petri Net Modeling of Healthcare Systems-draft -

This paper presents a modular approach for modeling healthcare systems using Petri Nets. It is shown that a healthcare system can be constructed by different modules whose inputs and outputs are connected according to their geographical location. Each module can be modeled in two phases: (1) obtain the sequences of treatments and cares received by a patient in the case of a particular disease/condition, and (2) add the resources necessary to perform the previous sequences. The global model is obtained by fusion the inputs and outputs of the modules and by adding information on the patients. The constructed modules together with the resources are Petri nets belonging to a new subclass called Healthcare Petri nets that is proved to have equivalent behavior with SPR nets, a wellknown class of Resource Allocation Systems. This allows us to apply the structural results already existing in the literature for SPR to the context of healthcare systems. In order to illustrate the results, a case study of a Public Healthcare Area in Zaragoza is considered as a use case. Published as: C. Mahulea, L. Mahulea, J.M. Garcia-Soriano and J.M. Colom ”Modular Petri Net Modeling of Healthcare Systems,” Flexible Services and Manufacturing Journal, Special Issue on Analysis, Design and Management of Health Care Systems, 2017.
Progenitor content of autologous grafts: mobilized bone marrow vs mobilized blood

Summary:The progenitor content of autologous peripheral blood progenitor and stem cell collections is a major determinant of prompt hematopoietic recovery following autologous stem cell transplantation. We analyzed unstimulated bone marrow (BM) and peripheral blood (PB) apheresis products in comparison to those collected following G-CSF or GM-CSF stimulation. We quantitated their committed (CFU-GM) and primitive (long-term culture-initiating cells, LTC-IC) progenitors in relation to hematologic recovery in 63 patients undergoing autografting for lymphoid malignancies. G-CSF, but not GM-CSF, substantially enriched the committed progenitor content (2.5–3.6-fold) of both PB and BM grafts. G-CSF also enriched the LTC-IC content of BM and PB compared to control grafts. GM-CSF augmented (11.5-fold) the LTC-IC content of stimulated BM, but not GM-CSF-mobilized PB. Neutrophil recovery was substantially quicker in recipients of BM or PB mobilized with G-CSF or GM-CSF. In contrast, red cell and platelet recovery was accelerated in recipients of GM-CSF-stimulated BM (but not PB) and G-CSF-stimulated PB (but not BM). No direct correlation between progenitor dose and hematopoietic recovery for neutrophils, platelets or red cells was observed. Cytokine stimulation can augment the committed and more primitive multilineage progenitor content of BM and PB grafts, to a differing extent. The uncertain relationship with multilineage myeloid recovery emphasizes the limitations in using clonogenic progenitor analyses to assess the adequacy of an autologous graft prior to transplantation.
FRESCO: Modular Composable Security Services for Software-Defined Networks

OpenFlow is an open standard that has gained tremendous interest in the last few years within the network community. It is an embodiment of the software-defined networking paradigm, in which higher-level flow routing decisions are derived from a control layer that, unlike classic network switch implementations, is separated from the data handling layer. The central attraction to this paradigm is that by decoupling the control logic from the closed and proprietary implementations of traditional network switch infrastructure, researchers can more easily design and distribute innovative flow handling and network control algorithms. Indeed, we also believe that OpenFlow can, in time, prove to be one of the more impactful technologies to drive a variety of innovations in network security. OpenFlow could offer a dramatic simplification to the way we design and integrate complex network security applications into large networks. However, to date there remains a stark paucity of compelling OpenFlow security applications. In this paper, we introduce FRESCO, an OpenFlow security application development framework designed to facilitate the rapid design, and modular composition of OF-enabled detection and mitigation modules. FRESCO, which is itself an OpenFlow application, offers a Click-inspired [19] programming framework that enables security researchers to implement, share, and compose together, many different security detection and mitigation modules. We demonstrate the utility of FRESCO through the implementation of several well-known security defenses as OpenFlow security services, and use them to examine various performance and efficiency aspects of our proposed framework.
Recruiting Small Manufacturing Worksites That Employ Multiethnic, Low-wage Workforces Into a Cancer Prevention Research Trial

INTRODUCTION
Worksites, including those that employ multiethnic, low-wage workforces, represent a strategic venue for reaching populations at risk for developing cancer.


METHODS
We surveyed 197 small manufacturing worksites prior to an effort to recruit their workforces into a randomized clinical trial designed to test the effectiveness of a cancer prevention intervention among multiethnic, low-wage manufacturing workers. This paper assesses the external validity of the trial based on three factors: the percentage of potential trial sites excluded from consideration, the percentage of eligible worksites that adopted the trial, and worksite characteristics associated with adoption.


RESULTS
We found no statistically significant differences between worksites that adopted the trial and worksites that declined the trial with regard to employee demographics, anticipated changes in workforce size, and perceived importance and history of offering health promotion and occupational health and safety activities.


CONCLUSION
Small manufacturing worksites present a viable venue for reaching multiethnic, low-wage populations with cancer prevention programs, although program adoption rates may be low in this sector. Worksites that adopted the trial are likely to represent worksites deemed eligible for the trial.
Service use and cost of mental disorder in older adults with intellectual disability.

BACKGROUND
The cost of caring for people with intellectual disability currently makes up a large proportion of healthcare spending in western Europe, and may rise in line with the increasing numbers of people with intellectual disability now living to old age.


AIMS
To report service use and costs of older people with intellectual disability and explore the influence of sociodemographic and illness-related determinants.


METHOD
We collected data on receipt and costs of accommodation, health and personal care, physical as well as mental illness, dementia, sensory impairment and disability in a representative sample of adults with intellectual disability aged 60 years and older (n = 212).


RESULTS
The average weekly cost in GBP per older person was 790 pounds (41,080 pounds per year). Accommodation accounted for 74%. Overall costs were highest for those living in congregate settings. Gender, intellectual disability severity, hearing impairment, physical disorder and mental illness had significant independent relationships with costs. Mental illness was associated with an additional weekly cost of 202 pounds.


CONCLUSIONS
Older adults with intellectual disability comprise about 0.15-0.25% of the population of England but consume up to 5% of the total personal care budget. Interventions that meet needs and might prove to be cost-effective should be sought.
Foxp3+ Regulatory T Cells Promote Lung Epithelial Proliferation

Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) causes significant morbidity and mortality each year. There is a paucity of information regarding the mechanisms necessary for ARDS resolution. Foxp3+ regulatory T cells (Foxp3+ Treg cells) have been shown to be an important determinant of resolution in an experimental model of lung injury. We demonstrate that intratracheal delivery of endotoxin (lipopolysaccharide) elicits alveolar epithelial damage from which the epithelium undergoes proliferation and repair. Epithelial proliferation coincided with an increase in Foxp3+ Treg cells in the lung during the course of resolution. To dissect the role that Foxp3+ Treg cells exert on epithelial proliferation, we depleted Foxp3+ Treg cells, which led to decreased alveolar epithelial proliferation and delayed lung injury recovery. Furthermore, antibody-mediated blockade of CD103, an integrin, which binds to epithelial expressed E-cadherin decreased Foxp3+ Treg numbers and decreased rates of epithelial proliferation after injury. In a non-inflammatory model of regenerative alveologenesis, left lung pneumonectomy, we found that Foxp3+ Treg cells enhanced epithelial proliferation. Moreover, Foxp3+ Treg cells co-cultured with primary type II alveolar cells (AT2) directly increased AT2 cell proliferation in a CD103-dependent manner. These studies provide evidence of a new and integral role for Foxp3+ Treg cells in repair of the lung epithelium.
An E-Negotiation Agent Using Rule Based and Case Based Approaches: A Comparative Study with Bilateral E-Negotiation with Prediction

The research in the area of automated negotiation systems is going on in many universities. This research is mainly focused on making a practically feasible, faster and reliable E-negotiation system. The ongoing work in this area is happening in the laboratories of the universities mainly for training and research purpose. There are number of negotiation systems such as Henry, Kasbaah, Bazaar, Auction Bot, Inspire, and Magnet. Our research is based on making an agent software for E-negotiation which will give faster results and also is secure and flexible. The negotiation partners and contents between the service providers change frequently. The negotiation process can be transformed into rules and cases. Using these features, a new automated negotiation model for agent integrating rule based and case based reasoning can be derived. We propose an E-negotiation system, in which all product information and multiple agent details are stored on the cloud. An E-negotiation agent acts as a negotiator. Agent has user’s details and their requirements for a particular product. It will check rules based data whether any rule is matching with the user requirement. An agent will see case based data to check any similar negotiation case matching to the user requirement. If a case matches with user requirement, then agent will start the negotiation process using case based data. If any rule related requirement is found in the rule base data, then agent will start the negotiation process using rule based data. If both rules based data and cases based data are not matching with the user requirement, then agent will start the negotiation process using Bilateral Negotiation model. After completing negotiation process, agent gives feedback to the user about whether negotiation is successful or not. The product details,
Gamut : Sifting through Images to Detect Android Malware

Mobile phones are omnipresent in present-day life. Everything can be controlled using this pocket-computer which typically runs on Android or iOS. However, the risk of phones breaches is greater than ever. In the first half of 2016, on average 9,468 Android malware samples are found every day [12]. Malware detection systems in the wild cannot keep up with this growing number. In this work, I propose Gamut, a tool to generate different images out of an Android app without loss of information. The user can pick a level of semantic when generating the image. Datasets of images are created to train convolutional neural networks on malware detection. In this way, feature engineering is done by the neural network after adding domain knowledge. Hence, this ensures us an automatic feature space while achieving a high performance. Different levels of semantics have different results, peaking at 92% accuracy by combining domain-expert knowledge with the feature engineering by the neural network.
Cotton Mather: The Young Life of the Lord's Remembrancer, 1663-1703

Reinterprets the life and thought of the controversial Puritan New England clergyman, examining his religious conversion, his role as an historian and literary figure, and his fanatical attitudes concerning witchcraft.
Handling Soft Constraints and Goals Preferences in SGPlan ∗

In this paper, we present the partition-and-resolve strategy in SGPlan (hereafter called SGPLan5) for fully supporting all language features in PDDL3.0. Based on the architecture of SGPlan that supported PDDL2.2 (hereafter called SGPLan4), SGPLan5 partitions a large planning problem into subproblems, each with its own subgoal, and resolves those inconsistent solutions using our extended saddle-point condition. Subgoal partitioning is effective for solving large planning problems because each partitioned subproblem involves a substantially smaller search space than that of the original problem. In SGPLan5, we generalize subgoal partitioning so that the goal state of a subproblem is no longer one goal fact as in SGPLan4, but can be any fact with loosely coupled constraints with other subproblems. We have further developed methods for representing a planning problem in a multi-valued form and for carrying out partitioning in the transformed space. The multi-valued representation leads to more efficient heuristics for resolving trajectory and temporal constraints and goal preferences.