LLukas22/scidocs huggingface dataset:
Monitoring of in-season neuromuscular and perceptual fatigue in youth rugby players.

The purpose of this study was to examine both short- and long-term neuromuscular and perceptual fatigue in youth rugby players during a seven-week in-season mesocycle. Eleven male youth rugby players (age 16.9 ± 0.8 years) were assessed for countermovement jump (CMJ), reactive strength index (RSI) and leg stiffness to monitor neuromuscular performance, together with a well-being questionnaire to monitor perceptual fatigue. Players trained and competed throughout a seven-week block with test variables measured at baseline and 24 h pre- and post-matches played in weeks 1, 4 and 7. Players trained on average 9.7 ± 1.1 h per week and competed in 10.5 ± 1.9 games over the seven-week block. Pre- to post-match reductions were significant across all games for CMJ, RSI and well-being (all P < 0.05), ranging from likely to almost certain negative reductions. Well-being and RSI demonstrated non-significant (P < 0.05) unclear or inconsistent changes when comparing pre-match scores to baseline. Significant reductions to baseline were observed pre-match for CMJ (weeks 4 and 7) and stiffness (week 7), representing very likely to almost certain negative long-term decrements. CMJ, RSI and well-being were all sensitive to detecting post-match fatigue. Importantly, CMJ and stiffness were sensitive to detecting accumulated fatigue over a seven-week period, whereas RSI and well-being were not. Consequently, either a CMJ or leg stiffness should be monitored to detect long-term, accumulated fatigue in academy rugby players.
A Multi-Pass True Motion Estimation Scheme With Motion Vector Propagation for Frame Rate Up-Conversion Applications

This paper presents a robust true motion estimation algorithm, designated as MPMVP (Multi-pass and Motion Vector Propagation), to enhance the accuracy of the motion vector fields in frame rate up-conversion applications. The MPMVP uses a multi-pass scheme to progressively refine approximate motion vectors to true motion vectors based upon the motion information acquired in previous passes. The multi-pass motion estimation process uses a large block size to detect the motion vectors within the objects themselves and small block sizes to detect the motion vectors along the object boundaries. Actually, the block size is progressively reduced during the search process. When the motion vector of a block is considered to be sufficiently accurate for motion estimation purposes, the block is said to be converged and the local motion vector search process terminates. A novel technique, referred to as motion vector propagation, is then applied to propagate the motion vector of the converged block to its neighboring blocks. This technique not only ensures that neighboring motion vectors within the same object have a high degree of spatial correlation, but also accelerates the convergence of the motion vectors in the neighboring blocks and therefore reduces the overall computational time and expense of the multi-pass motion vector search procedure. A novel distortion criterion is proposed to enhance the tolerance of the traditional sum-of-absolute-difference measurement technique applied in the motion estimation scheme to noise and shadow effects. The experimental results demonstrate that the proposed true motion estimation algorithm outperforms the traditional full search, 3DRS and TCSBP algorithms in terms of both the smoothness of the generated motion vector fields and the visual quality of the up-converted frames.
Dynamic multirole session types

Multiparty session types enforce structured safe communications between several participants, as long as their number is fixed when the session starts. In order to handle common distributed interaction patterns such as peer-to-peer protocols or cloud algorithms, we propose a new role-based multiparty session type theory where roles are defined as classes of local behaviours that an arbitrary number of participants can dynamically join and leave. We offer programmers a polling operation that gives access to the current set of a role's participants in order to fork processes. Our type system with universal types for polling can handle this dynamism and retain type safety. A multiparty locking mechanism is introduced to provide communication safety, but also to ensure a stronger progress property for joining participants that has never been guaranteed in previous systems. Finally, we present some implementation mechanisms used in our prototype extension of ML.
Comparable performance of the Kansas City Cardiomyopathy Questionnaire in patients with heart failure with preserved and reduced ejection fraction.

BACKGROUND
Despite the growing epidemic of heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF), no valid measure of patients' health status (symptoms, function, and quality of life) exists. We evaluated the Kansas City Cardiomyopathy Questionnaire (KCCQ), a validated measure of HF with reduced EF, in patients with HFpEF.


METHODS AND RESULTS
Using a prospective HF registry, we dichotomized patients into HF with reduced EF (EF≤ 40) and HFpEF (EF≥50). The associations between New York Heart Association class, a commonly used criterion standard, and KCCQ Overall Summary and Total Symptom domains were evaluated using Spearman correlations and 2-way ANOVA with differences between patients with HF with reduced EF and HFpEF tested with interaction terms. Predictive validity of the KCCQ Overall Summary scores was assessed with Kaplan-Meier curves for death and all-cause hospitalization. Covariate adjustment was made using Cox proportional hazards models. Internal reliability was assessed with Cronbach's α. Among 849 patients, 200 (24%) had HFpEF. KCCQ summary scores were strongly associated with New York Heart Association class in both patients with HFpEF (r=-0.62; P<0.001) and HF with reduced EF (r=-0.55; P=0.27 for interaction). One-year event-free rates by KCCQ category among patients with HFpEF were 0 to 25=13.8%, 26 to 50=59.1%, 51 to 75=73.8%, and 76 to 100=77.8% (log rank P<0.001), with no significant interaction by EF (P=0.37). The KCCQ domains demonstrated high internal consistency among patients with HFpEF (Cronbach's α=0.96 for overall summary and ≥0.69 in all subdomains).


CONCLUSIONS
Among patients with HFpEF, the KCCQ seems to be a valid and reliable measure of health status and offers excellent prognostic ability. Future studies should extend and replicate our findings, including the establishment of its responsiveness to clinical change.
A ranking method based on the R2 indicator for many-objective optimization

In recent years, the development of selection mechanisms based on performance indicators has become an important trend in algorithmic design. Hereof, the hypervolume has been the most popular choice. Multi-objective evolutionary algorithms (MOEAs) based on this indicator seem to be a good choice for dealing with many-objective optimization problems. However, their main drawback is that such algorithms are typically computationally expensive. This has motivated some recent research in which the use of other performance indicators has been explored. Here, we propose an efficient mechanism to integrate the R2 indicator to a modified version of Goldberg's nondominated sorting method, in order to rank the individuals of a MOEA. Our proposed ranking scheme is coupled to two different search engines, resulting in two new MOEAs. These MOEAs are validated using several test problems and performance measures commonly adopted in the specialized literature. Results indicate that the proposed ranking approach gives rise to effective MOEAs, which produce results that are competitive with respect to those obtained by three well-known MOEAs. Additionally, we validate our resulting MOEAs in many-objective optimization problems, in which our proposed ranking scheme shows its main advantage, since it is able to outperform a hypervolume-based MOEA, requiring a much lower computational time.
An image processing system for driver assistance

Systems for automated image analysis are useful for a variety of tasks and their importance is still growing due to technological advances and an increase of social acceptance. Especially in the field of driver assistance systems the progress in science has reached a level of high performance. Fully or partly autonomously guided vehicles, particularly for road-based traffic, pose high demands on the development of reliable algorithms due to the conditions imposed by natural environments. At the Institut für Neuroinformatik methods for analyzing driving relevant scenes by computer vision are developed in cooperation with several partners from the automobile industry. We introduce a system which extracts the important information from an image taken by a CCD camera installed at the rear view mirror in a car. The approach consists of a sequential and a parallel sensor and information processing. Three main tasks namely the initial segmentation (object detection), the object tracking and the object classification are realized by integration in the sequential branch and by fusion in the parallel branch. The main gain of this approach is given by the integrative coupling of different algorithms providing partly redundant information. Keywords— Driver Assistance, Machine Vision, Data
Programming with opengl: advanced rendering

This course moves beyond the straightforward images generated by the novice, demonstrating the more sophisticated and novel techniques possible using the OpenGL library. By explaining the concepts and demonstrating the techniques required to generate images of greater realism and utility, the course provides deeper insights into OpenGL functionality and computer graphics concepts. Programming with OpenGL: Advanced Rendering
UV enhancement of the gas sensing properties of nano-TiO2

In this study, the gas-sensing properties of nanocrystalline TiO 2 are enhanced by submitting the sensor system to UV light irradiation. TiO 2 gas sensing material based on nanosized particles is produced by gas condensation method. The crystal structure and ceramic microstructure of the powders are determined by TEM and XRD. Structural and morphological studies as well as UV irradiation are carried out in order to investigate their influence on the sensing properties of TiO 2 sensor. The sensitivity of the TiO 2 sensor is affected by the presence of O 2 or O on the TiO 2 surface that is enhanced by the photocatalytic effect. Gaseous CO is detected under UV light illumination. The results indicate that the sensing properties of TiO 2 are affected by the wavelength and the intensity of the UV light. The photocatalytic activity enhances the sensitivity of the nano-TiO 2 sensors by more than 30 times.
Main Gap for Locally Saturated Elementary Submodels of A Homogeneous Structure

We prove a main gap theorem for e-saturated submodels of a homogeneous structure. We also study the number of e-saturated models, which are not elementarily embeddable to each other
A single blind randomized control trial on support groups for Chinese persons with mild dementia

PURPOSE
Persons with mild dementia experience multiple losses and manifest depressive symptoms. This research study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of a support group led by a social worker for Chinese persons with mild dementia.


RESEARCH METHODS
Participants were randomly assigned to either a ten-session support group or a control group. Standardized assessment tools were used for data collection at pretreatment and post-treatment periods by a research assistant who was kept blind to the group assignment of the participants. Upon completion of the study, 20 treatment group participants and 16 control group participants completed all assessments.


RESULTS
At baseline, the treatment and control groups did not show any significant difference on all demographic variables, as well as on all baseline measures; over one-half (59%) of all the participants reported having depression, as assessed by a Chinese Geriatric Depression Scale score ≥8. After completing the support group, the depressive mood of the treatment group participants reduced from 8.83 (standard deviation =2.48) to 7.35 (standard deviation =2.18), which was significant (Wilcoxon signed-rank test; P=0.017, P<0.05), while the control group's participants did not show any significant change.


CONCLUSION
This present study supports the efficacy and effectiveness of the support group for persons with mild dementia in Chinese society. In particular, this present study shows that a support group can reduce depressive symptoms for participants.
Effect of additions of ZrO2 nano-particles on the microstructure and shear strength of Sn-Ag-Cu solder on Au/Ni metallized Cu pads

Nano-sized, nonreacting, noncoarsening ZrO2 particles reinforced Sn–3.0 wt%Ag–0.5 wt%Cu composite solders were prepared by mechanically dispersing ZrO2 nano-particles into Sn–Ag–Cu solder. The interfacial morphology of unreinforced Sn–Ag–Cu solder and solder joints containing ZrO2 nano-particles with Au/Ni metallized Cu pads on ball grid array (BGA) substrates and the distribution of reinforcing particles were characterized metallographically. At their interfaces, a Sn–Ni–Cu intermetallic compound (IMC) layer was found in both unreinforced Sn–Ag–Cu and Sn–Ag–Cu solder joints containing ZrO2 nano-particles and the IMC layer thickness increased with the number of reflow cycles. In the solder ball region, AuSn4, Ag3Sn, Cu6Sn5 IMC particles and ZrO2 nano-particles were found to be uniformly distributed in the b-Sn matrix of Sn–Ag–Cu solder joints containing ZrO2 nano-particles, which resulted in an increase in the shear strength, due to a second phase dispersion strengthening mechanism. The fracture surface of unreinforced Sn–Ag–Cu solder joints exhibited a brittle fracture mode with a smooth surface while Sn–Ag–Cu solder joints containing ZrO2 nano-particles ductile failure characteristics with rough dimpled surfaces. 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Adiponectin and ischemia-reperfusion injury in ST segment elevation myocardial infarction.

BACKGROUND
Models of experimental ischemia-reperfusion (IR) in adiponectin knockout animals have shown that adiponectin mediates protection against the development of IR injury. However, the role of adiponectin in IR injury in humans is largely unknown.


METHODS
In a total of 234 ST segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) patients, baseline circulating total adiponectin concentration was correlated with IR injury after primary percutaneous coronary intervention (pPCI) and with major adverse cardiac events (MACE, death and cardiac hospitalization) during one year of follow up. IR injury was defined by serial electrocardiography (ECG) as >30% persistent ST segment elevation despite successful restoration of vessel patency and by angiography as thrombolysis in myocardial infarction (TIMI) blush grade<2.


RESULTS
IR injury was present in 31% of patients according to ECG criteria and in 28% of patients according to angiographic criteria. The median adiponectin level was 6.8 µg/ml in patients with ECG signs of IR injury and 6.5 µg/ml in patients without ECG signs of IR (p=0.26). When the angiographic criteria of IR were used, the median adiponectin level was 6.9 µg/ml for patients with IR versus 6.3 µg/ml for patients without IR (p=0.06). MACE occurred in 27% of the patients. Median adiponectin levels were similar in patients with MACE and in those without MACE: 6.3 vs. 6.4 µg/ml (p=0.24). In a multivariate model, no significant relation between circulating adiponectin levels and IR injury or MACE was evident.


CONCLUSION
In the current era of pPCI, IR injury still occurs in almost one third of STEMI patients. Our findings do not support a major protective role of adiponectin in the prevention or attenuation of IR injury in these patients.
Design of Road Power Generator ( RPG ) : an Alternate Energy Source for Sustainability

Abstract -This paper presents the overall concept of Road Power Generator (RPG) that deals with the mechanism to generate electricity from the wasted kinetic energy of vehicles. It contains a flip-plate, gear mechanism, flywheel, and finally a generator is coupled at the end so that the rotational motion of the flywheel is used to rotate the shaft of the generator, thus producing electricity. RPG does not require any piezoelectric material. It is novel concept based on flip-plate mechanism. The project can be installed at highways where a huge number of vehicles pass daily, thus resulting in more amount of electricity generated. This generated electricity can be utilized for different types of applications and mainly for street lighting, on road battery charging units and many domestic applications like air conditioning, lighting, heating, etc.
Maintenance optimization of process rolls , with an application to electrolytic tinning lines

........................................................................................................................... iii Executive summary ........................................................................................................... iv Definitions, acronyms, and variables................................................................................. ix
Online advertising, behavioral targeting, and privacy

Studying how privacy regulation might impact economic activity on the advertising-supported Internet.
An Optimized Circuit of 8:1 Multiplexer Circuit using Reversible Logic Gates

Designing of reversible circuit has become the promising area for researchers. The designing
Hand-arm vibration syndrome and dose-response relation for vibration induced white finger among quarry drillers and stonecarvers. Italian Study Group on Physical Hazards in the Stone Industry.

OBJECTIVES
To investigate the occurrence of disorders associated with the hand arm vibration syndrome in a large population of stone workers in Italy. The dose-response relation for vibration induced white finger (VWF) was also studied.


METHODS
The study population consisted of 570 quarry drillers and stonecarvers exposed to vibration and 258 control stone workers who performed only manual activity. Each subject was interviewed with health and workplace assessment questionnaires. Sensorineural and VWF disorders were staged according to the Stockholm workshop scales. Vibration was measured on a representative sample of percussive and rotary tools. The 8 h energy equivalent frequency weighted acceleration (A (8)) and lifetime vibration doses were calculated for each of the exposed stone workers.


RESULTS
Sensorineural and musculoskeletal symptoms occurred more frequently in the workers exposed to vibration than in the controls, but trend statistics did not show a linear exposure-response relation for these disorders. The prevalence of VWF was found to be 30.2% in the entire group exposed to vibration. Raynaud's phenomenon was discovered in 4.3% of the controls. VWF was strongly associated with exposure to vibration and a monotonic dose-response relation was found. According to the exposure data of this study, the expected percentage of stone workers affected with VWF tends to increase roughly in proportion to the square root of A(8) (for a particular exposure period) or in proportion to the square root of the duration of exposure (for a constant magnitude of vibration).


CONCLUSION
Even although limited to a specific work situation, the dose-response relation for VWF estimated in this study suggests a time dependency such that halving the years of exposure allows a doubling of the energy equivalent vibration. According to these findings, the vibration exposure levels currently under discussion within the European Community seem to represent reasonable exposure limits for the protection of workers against the harmful effects of hand transmitted vibration.
Evaluation and optimization of clustering in gene expression data analysis

MOTIVATION
A measurement of cluster quality is needed to choose potential clusters of genes that contain biologically relevant patterns of gene expression. This is strongly desirable when a large number of gene expression profiles have to be analyzed and proper clusters of genes need to be identified for further analysis, such as the search for meaningful patterns, identification of gene functions or gene response analysis.


RESULTS
We propose a new cluster quality method, called stability, by which unsupervised learning of gene expression data can be performed efficiently. The method takes into account a cluster's stability on partition. We evaluate this method and demonstrate its performance using four independent, real gene expression and three simulated datasets. We demonstrate that our method outperforms other techniques listed in the literature. The method has applications in evaluating clustering validity as well as identifying stable clusters.


AVAILABILITY
Please contact the first author.
Graft loss following renal transplantation in Australia: is there a centre effect?

BACKGROUND
Assessment of centre variation in renal transplantation outcome provides an opportunity to examine differences in quality of care between centres. However, differences in outcome may represent differences in patient factors between centres and be biased by sampling variability and inadequate data ascertainment.


METHODS
Differences in 12-month graft survival in 1986 primary renal transplant adult recipients from 16 centres in Australia between 1993 and 1998 were examined. Fifteen recipient and donor factors known prior to transplantation were examined to determine factors independently predictive of graft survival. Differences between centres in these factors were examined. Unadjusted and multivariable adjusted outcomes for each centre were compared to the average for all centres. Multivariable hierarchical modelling was employed to account for potential bias due to sampling variability.


RESULTS
Factors predictive of reduced 12-month graft survival on multivariable analysis that were significantly different between centres were time on dialysis prior to transplantation, donor age, organ source, and number of human lymphocyte antigen mismatches. Unadjusted 12-month graft survival for all centres was 91.7% and ranged from 83.1 to 96.4%. Although two centres performed significantly lower than average, this poorer outcome was accounted for in one of these two centres after adjusting for factors shown to be independently predictive of outcome. However, multivariable hierarchical modelling failed to identify any centre as performing significantly different to average, with 12-month graft survival ranging from 89.2 to 92.2%. Outcome in patients excluded from the study due to inadequate data ascertainment was significantly worse than patients who were included.


CONCLUSIONS
There was no evidence of centre variation after accounting for variation in risk factors predictive of poor outcome between centres, as well as potential bias due to sampling variability. Exclusion of patients due to inadequate data remains an important source of bias in estimating accurate outcomes. Appropriate analytical strategies and consideration of sources of bias are important for the valid identification of centres with poorer outcomes.