LLukas22/scidocs huggingface dataset:
Emergency Department Visits for Injurious Falls among the Elderly, 2006

Highlights ■ Elderly adults had over 2.1 million ED visits for injurious falls in 2006, accounting for 1 in 10 ED visits among patients aged 65 years and older. ■ The cost of hospital care following an ED visit for an injurious fall among the elderly totaled $6.8 billion in 2006. in 10 men aged 85 years and older had an ED visit for an injurious fall. ■ The most common reasons for injurious fall-related ED visits among the elderly were fractures (41.0 percent), followed by superficial/contusion injuries (22.6 percent) and open wounds (21.4 percent). ■ Hip fractures accounted for about 1 in 8 injurious fall-related ED visits among the elderly. ■ Among the elderly, patients seen in the ED for injurious falls and subsequently admitted to the hospital were more likely to be discharged to LTC than ED patients admitted to the hospital with other conditions (65.7 percent versus 28.4 percent). ■ Fall-related ED visits associated with fractures and internal organ injuries resulted in hospitalization (51.3 percent and 62.7 percent, respectively) and discharge to LTC (40.9 percent and 33.2 percent, respectively) more frequently than fall-related ED visits associated with other injuries. Introduction Each year, approximately one-third of elderly adults experience a fall. 1 Falls are the most common cause of fatal injuries among elderly adults age 65 years and older, as well as the most common cause of nonfatal injuries in this population. 2 The direct medical cost for fall-related injuries among the elderly is about $20 billion annually and is expected to increase substantially over the next decade as the population ages. 3 Often, common fall-related injuries, such as fractures, open wounds, or head traumas, are serious enough to result in emergency department (ED) treatment. These injuries can impair mobility and may require admission to a long-term care (LTC) facility for a year or more. 4 Because many falls are preventable and their impact on the U.S. health care system is significant, it is important to better understand the types of fall-related injuries experienced by elderly adults, particularly those injuries requiring treatment in an ED. This Statistical Brief presents data from the Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project (HCUP) Nationwide Emergency Department Sample (NEDS) on ED visits among elderly adults that noted both an injury diagnosis and a fall in 2006. Specifically, patient and utilization characteristics of ED visits for injurious falls are discussed and compared with all other …
Sigma-Point Kalman Filter Data Assimilation Methods for Strongly Nonlinear Systems

Performance of an advanced, derivativeless, sigma-point Kalman filter (SPKF) data assimilation scheme in a strongly nonlinear dynamical model is investigated. The SPKF data assimilation scheme is compared against standard Kalman filters such as the extended Kalman filter (EKF) and ensemble Kalman filter (EnKF) schemes. Three particular cases—namely, the state, parameter, and joint estimation of states and parameters from a set of discontinuous noisy observations—are studied. The problems associated with the use of tangent linear model (TLM) or Jacobian when using standard Kalman filters are eliminated when using SPKF data assimilation algorithms. Further, the constraints and issues of SPKF data assimilation in real ocean or atmospheric models are emphasized. A reduced sigma-point subspace model is proposed and investigated for higher-dimensional systems. A low-dimensional Lorenz 1963 model and a higher-dimensional Lorenz 1995 model are used as the test bed for data assimilation experiments. The results of SPKF data assimilation schemes are compared with those of standard EKF and EnKF, in which a highly nonlinear chaotic case is studied. It is shown that the SPKF is capable of estimating the model state and parameters with better accuracy than EKF and EnKF. Numerical experiments showed that in all cases the SPKF can give consistent results with better assimilation skills than EnKF and EKF and can overcome the drawbacks associated with the use of EKF and EnKF.
Field theory approach to one-dimensional electronic systems

In this talk I describe a field-theoretical approach recently introduced in refs. [1]–[3], that can be used as an alternative framework to study one-dimensional systems of highly correlated particles.
Defect induced ferromagnetism in Co-doped ZnO thin films

We present a study on the structural, magnetic, and optical properties, as well as the electronic structure of Co-doped ZnO films prepared by magnetron sputtering. Magnetization measurements performed at different temperatures indicate ferromagnetic and paramagnetic behavior for the samples prepared at oxygen-poor conditions whereas the samples prepared at oxygen-rich conditions show only paramagnetic behavior corroborating that the presence of oxygen-related defects is essential for ferromagnetism in Zn1−xCoxO. Xray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) at the Co L2,3 edge together with optical transmittance measurements show that Co ions are present in the high-spin Co (d) state under tetrahedral symmetry indicating a proper incorporation in the ZnO host lattice. Comparison of the O K edge XAS spectra of the samples prepared at different conditions show substantial changes in the spectral line shape which are attributed to the presence of lattice defects such as oxygen vacancies in the ferromagnetic oxygen-poor Co-doped ZnO samples. Our findings indicate that the ferromagnetic properties of Co-doped ZnO samples are strongly correlated with the presence of oxygen vacancies in the ZnO lattice supporting the spin-split impurity band model. Diluted magnetic semiconductors (DMS) have become recently the subject of an intensive research because of the potential application in spintronics. Investigations on the DMSs were originally inspired by the discovery of spontaneous low temperature ferromagnetism in Mn-doped GaAs exhibiting a Curie temperature (TC) of about 110 K [1]. Theoretical studies on the basis of Zener‘s model showed that transition-metal-doped wide-gap semiconductors, among them Mndoped ZnO, are promising candidates for room temperature (RT) ferromagnetism [2]. This has stimulated numerous experimental works on the preparation of RT ferromagnetic transitionmetal-doped ZnO [3]. Ferromagnetism at RT has been found in transition metal doped ntype ZnO [4, 5] while other studies showed only very low magnetic ordering temperatures in Zn1−xMnxO [6, 7] or even the absence of ferromagnetism in the Zn1−xCoxO samples prepared by different techniques [8, 9]. These controversial experimental results give an indication that ferromagnetism in DMS is very sensitive to the preparation method and preparation conditions. Moreover, even magnetic properties of Zn1−xCoxO samples prepared by the same deposition technique with the same cobalt concentration show a lack of reproducibility. In this study, we report on the investigation of structural, magnetic, optical, and electronic properties of Co-doped ZnO films which indicate that ferromagnetic properties of the samples are strongly correlated with the presence of oxygen defects. Zn1−xCoxO (x = 0.05 and 0.1) thin
House dust mite (Der p 10) and crustacean allergic patients may react to food containing Yellow mealworm proteins.

SCOPE
Due to the imminent growth of the world population, shortage of protein sources for human consumption will arise in the near future. Alternative and sustainable protein sources (e.g. insects) are being explored for the production of food and feed. In this project, the safety of Yellow mealworms (Tenebrio molitor L.) for human consumption was tested using approaches as advised by the European Food Safety Authority for allergenicity risk assessment.


METHODS AND RESULTS
Different Yellow mealworm protein fractions were prepared, characterised, and tested for cross-reactivity using sera from patients with an inhalation or food allergy to biologically related species (House dust mite (HDM) and crustaceans) by immunoblotting and basophil activation. Furthermore, the stability was investigated using an in vitro pepsin digestion test. IgE from HDM- and crustacean allergic patients cross-reacted with Yellow mealworm proteins. This cross-reactivity was functional, as shown by the induction of basophil activation. The major cross-reactive proteins were identified as tropomyosin and arginine kinase, which are well known allergens in arthropods. These proteins were moderately stable in the pepsin stability test.


CONCLUSION
Based on these cross-reactivity studies, there is a realistic possibility that HDM- and crustacean allergic patients may react to food containing Yellow mealworm proteins.
Low RCS patch array antenna with electromagnetic bandgap using a conducting polymer

This paper provides a radar absorbing method to reduce the radar cross section of the patch array antennas without any loss of antenna performances. The method was based upon the electromagnetic bandgap absorber using a conducting polymer. First, the patch array antenna with a central frequency of 3.0 GHz was designed. Then, the EBG patterns were also designed that had a radar absorbing performance within the X-band. Second, the designed low RCS patch array antenna was fabricated using glass fiber-reinforced composites and conducting polymer. Finally, the antenna performances and the RCS of the fabricated antenna were measured in order to confirm the radar absorbing efficiency and to show the feasibility of the low RCS patch array antenna in the X-band.
New insights into the progression of aortic stenosis: implications for secondary prevention.

BACKGROUND
The risk factors affecting aortic stenosis (AS) progression are not clearly defined. Insights into this may allow for its secondary prevention.


METHODS AND RESULTS
We investigated predictors of AS progression in 170 consecutive patients with AS who had paired echocardiograms > or =3 months (23+/-11) apart. Various clinical, echocardiographic, and biochemical variables were related to the change in aortic valve area (AVA). The annual rate of reduction in AVA was 0.10+/-0.27 cm(2) or 7+/-18% per year. The reduction in AVA per year was significantly related to initial AVA (r = 0.46, P<0.0001), the mean aortic valve gradient (r = 0.27, P = 0.04), left ventricular (LV) outflow tract velocity (r = 0.26, P = 0.001), and LV end-diastolic diameter (r = 0.20, P = 0.04) and marginally to serum creatinine level (r = 0.15, P = 0.08). Patients with a rate of reduction in AVA faster than the mean had higher serum creatinine (P = 0.04) and calcium (P = 0.08) levels. Those with a serum cholesterol level >200 mg/dL had a rate of AVA reduction roughly twice that of those with a lower cholesterol level (P = 0.04). Stepwise multiple regression analysis identified initial AVA, current smoking, and serum calcium level as the independent predictors of amount of AVA reduction per year.


CONCLUSIONS
Absolute and percentage reduction in AVA per year in those with AS is greater in those with milder degrees of stenosis and is accelerated in the presence of smoking, hypercholesterolemia, and elevated serum creatinine and calcium levels. These findings may have important implications in gaining further insights into the mechanism of AS progression and in formulating strategies to retard this process.
Studies on densification, mechanical, micro-structural and structure-properties relationship of magnesium aluminate spinel refractory aggregates prepared from Indian magnesite

Abstract The present work intends to study the development of magnesium aluminate spinel aggregates from Indian magnesite in a single firing stage. The raw magnesite has been evaluated in terms of chemical analysis, differential thermal analysis, thermogravimetric analysis, infrared spectroscopy, and X-ray diffraction. The experimental batch containing Indian magnesite and calcined alumina has been sintered in the temperature range of 1550 °C–1700 °C. The sintered material has been characterized in terms of physico-chemical properties like bulk density, apparent porosity, true density, relative density and thermo-mechanical/mechanical properties like hot modulus of rupture, thermal shock resistance, cold modulus of rupture and structural properties by X-ray diffraction in terms of phase identification and evaluation of crystal structure parameters of corresponding phases by Rietveld analysis. The microstructures developed at different temperatures have been analyzed by field emission scanning electron microscope study and compositional analysis of the developed phase has been carried out by energy dispersive X-ray study.
Paternal depression and risk for child neglect in father-involved families of young children.

OBJECTIVE
To examine the association of paternal depression with risk for parental neglect of young children.


STUDY DESIGN
The sample was derived from a birth cohort study of 1,089 families in which both biological parents resided in the home when the target child was 3- and 5-years old. Prospective analyses examined the contribution of paternal and maternal parenting risks (e.g., depression, alcohol use, and parenting stress) to the incidence of neglect of the target child. Models accounted for a comprehensive set of factors associated with parental child neglect in 2-parent families, including quality of the parental relationship, household economic conditions, and paternal demographic characteristics.


RESULTS
Approximately 12% of families reported at least 1 instance of neglect; 10% of fathers were depressed when their child was 3-years old. Rates of paternal and maternal depression were twice as high in families in which child neglect was present. Paternal depression when a child was 3-years old was associated with increased odds of child neglect at age 5 [adjusted odds ratio: 1.94 (95% confidence interval: 1.18-3.19); P<.01]. Father-related risks for neglect remained statistically significant after accounting for strong, significant effects of maternal parenting risks, including maternal depression, and household economic hardship. Paternal parenting stress was also associated with heightened risk for neglect, although only at the level of marginal significance after accounting for maternal parenting risks [adjusted odds ratio: 1.40 (95% confidence interval: 0.97-2.04); P=.075].


CONCLUSIONS
Screening fathers for parenting risks such as depression during well-baby visits and social work intervention to facilitate fathers' help-seeking behaviors related to treatment of depression may help to prevent and reduce risk of neglect.
Creating Sustainable Designs

Christopher Alexander's concept of centers and properties of living structures can help developers create pleasing, sustainable software designs.
Analysis of First-Derivative Based QRS Detection Algorithms

Accurate QRS detection is an important first step for the analysis of heart rate variability. Algorithms based on the differentiated ECG are computationally efficient and hence ideal for real-time analysis of large datasets. Here, we analyze traditional first-derivative based squaring function (Hamilton-Tompkins) and Hilbert transform-based methods for QRS detection and their modifications with improved detection thresholds. On a standard ECG dataset, the Hamilton-Tompkins algorithm had the highest detection accuracy (99.68% sensitivity, 99.63% positive predictivity) but also the largest time error. The modified Hamilton-Tompkins algorithm as well as the Hilbert transform-based algorithms had comparable, though slightly lower, accuracy; yet these automated algorithms present an advantage for real-time applications by avoiding human intervention in threshold determination. The high accuracy of the Hilbert transform-based method compared to detection with the second derivative of the ECG is ascribable to its inherently uniform magnitude spectrum. For all algorithms, detection errors occurred mainly in beats with decreased signal slope, such as wide arrhythmic beats or attenuated beats. For best performance, a combination of the squaring function and Hilbert transform-based algorithms can be applied such that differences in detection will point to abnormalities in the signal that can be further analyzed.
Robust and Accurate Smartphone-Based Step Counting for Indoor Localization

Robust and accurate step counting is important for indoor localization algorithms that rely on smartphone inertial sensors. Existing solutions for step counting do not consider users’ false walking state (e.g., when a user in still state uses her phone for texting, playing games, and watching movies), which results in the over-counting problem. In this paper, we propose a robust and accurate step counting algorithm to solve the overcounting problem caused by false walking. Experimental results show that the proposed algorithm outperforms the commonly-used peak detection-based method and can improve the step counting accuracy by 6.56% for normal walking case, 9.54% for free walking case, and by 58.92% for false walking case, which is a significant improvement in the accuracy and robustness. We also compare the proposed method with popular commercial step counting applications including S Health, i-Health, and Pedometer++, which shows that our method can achieve better accuracy.
A Novel Iterative Method for Computing Generalized Inverse

In this letter, we propose a novel iterative method for computing generalized inverse, based on a novel KKT formulation. The proposed iterative algorithm requires making four matrix and vector multiplications at each iteration and thus has low computational complexity. The proposed method is proved to be globally convergent without any condition. Furthermore, for fast computing generalized inverse, we present an acceleration scheme based on the proposed iterative method. The global convergence of the proposed acceleration algorithm is also proved. Finally, the effectiveness of the proposed iterative algorithm is evaluated numerically.
SALES AND MARKETING INTEGRATION : A PROPOSED FRAMEWORK

© 2005 PSE National Educational Foundation. All rights reserved. ISSN 0885-3134 / 2005 $9.50 + 0.00. In response to increased competitive pressures, shortening product life cycles, and heightened customer demands, businesses are increasing their ability to effectively adapt and build competitive advantage by going horizontal—by flattening their organizations, breaking down barriers between functions, and stimulating more teamwork between functional areas. In a marketing context, this organizational trend is reflected in the growing interest in integrated marketing communications (IMC). IMC emphasizes the value of coordinating marketing communications activities—advertising, direct response, Web sites, sales promotion, and publicity. However, these IMC coordination efforts within marketing largely ignore the most significant marketing tool for communicating and influencing relationships with customers—the company’s sales force. Clearly, coordinating the sales and marketing functions can improve the effectiveness of activities undertaken by the functional areas. The Venn diagram in Figure 1 illustrates the need for interaction between sales and marketing. The activities in the circle on the left are primarily undertaken by the marketing function with input from sales, and the activities in the circle on the right are primarily undertaken by the sales function with input from marketing. The activities in the intersection of the two circles can be performed effectively only through a coordinated effort between sales and marketing. Thus, all of the activities shown in Figure 1 require some level of interaction between sales and marketing. Managers recognize this need for greater coordination between marketing and sales. In international surveys of senior executives from a wide range of business-to-business industries, sales and marketing integration was mentioned as one of the organizational changes that would do the most to improve sales performance and as one of the most important issues facing sales and marketing managers (Miller and Gist 2003; Rouziès 2004). Marketing research has examined the relationship between marketing and other functional areas (e.g., research and development, engineering, design, and manufacturing) to successfully develop and launch new products (e.g., Fisher, Maltz, and Jaworski 1997; Olson, Walker, and Ruekert 1995; Tatikonda and Montoya-Weiss 2001). However, research on the sales–marketing interface is limited. Notable exceptions include Cepedes (1996); Dewsnap and Jobber (2000); Strahle, Spiro, and Acito (1996); and Workman, Homburg, and Gruner (1998). Marketing and sales integration is one of the components of market-driven organizations. Narver and Slater (1990) and Slater and Narver (1994) have conceptualized market orientation as consisting of three components—customer orientation, competitor orientation, and interfunctional coordination. Likewise, Day, describing market-driven organizations, emphasizes “the cross-functional coordination and information SALES AND MARKETING INTEGRATION: A PROPOSED FRAMEWORK
Automatic feature point extraction and tracking in image sequences for arbitrary camera motion

An automatic egomotion compensation based point correspondence algorithm is presented. A basic problem in autonomous navigation and motion estimation is automatically detecting and tracking features in consecutive frames, a challenging problem when camera motion is significant. In general, feature displacements between consecutive frames can be approximately decomposed into two components: (i) displacements due to camera motion which can be approximately compensated by image rotation, scaling, and translation; (ii) displacements due to object motion and/or perspective projection. In this paper, we introduce a two-step approach: First, the motion of the camera is compensated using a computational vision based image registration algorithm. Then consecutive frames are transformed to the same coordinate system and the feature correspondence problem is solved as though tracking moving objects for a stationary camera. Methods of subpixel accuracy feature matching, tracking and error analysis are introduced. The approach results in a robust and efficient algorithm. Results on several real image sequences are presented.