LLukas22/scidocs huggingface dataset:
Anesthesia-assisted vs buprenorphine- or clonidine-assisted heroin detoxification and naltrexone induction: a randomized trial.

CONTEXT
Rapid opioid detoxification with opioid antagonist induction using general anesthesia has emerged as an expensive, potentially dangerous, unproven approach to treat opioid dependence.


OBJECTIVE
To determine how anesthesia-assisted detoxification with rapid antagonist induction for heroin dependence compared with 2 alternative detoxification and antagonist induction methods.


DESIGN, SETTING, AND PATIENTS
A total of 106 treatment-seeking heroin-dependent patients, aged 21 through 50 years, were randomly assigned to 1 of 3 inpatient withdrawal treatments over 72 hours followed by 12 weeks of outpatient naltrexone maintenance with relapse prevention psychotherapy. This randomized trial was conducted between 2000 and 2003 at Columbia University Medical Center's Clinical Research Center. Outpatient treatment occurred at the Columbia University research service for substance use disorders. Patients were included if they had an American Society of Anesthesiologists physical status of I or II, were without major comorbid psychiatric illness, and were not dependent on other drugs or alcohol.


INTERVENTIONS
Anesthesia-assisted rapid opioid detoxification with naltrexone induction, buprenorphine-assisted rapid opioid detoxification with naltrexone induction, and clonidine-assisted opioid detoxification with delayed naltrexone induction.


MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES
Withdrawal severity scores on objective and subjective scales; proportions of patients receiving naltrexone, completing inpatient detoxification, and retained in treatment; proportion of opioid-positive urine specimens.


RESULTS
Mean withdrawal severities were comparable across the 3 treatments. Compared with clonidine-assisted detoxification, the anesthesia- and buprenorphine-assisted detoxification interventions had significantly greater rates of naltrexone induction (94% anesthesia, 97% buprenorphine, and 21% clonidine), but the groups did not differ in rates of completion of inpatient detoxification. Treatment retention over 12 weeks was not significantly different among groups with 7 of 35 (20%) retained in the anesthesia-assisted group, 9 of 37 (24%) in the buprenorphine-assisted group, and 3 of 34 (9%) in the clonidine-assisted group. Induction with 50 mg of naltrexone significantly reduced the risk of dropping out (odds ratio, 0.28; 95% confidence interval, 0.15-0.51). There were no significant group differences in proportions of opioid-positive urine specimens. The anesthesia procedure was associated with 3 potentially life-threatening adverse events.


CONCLUSION
These data do not support the use of general anesthesia for heroin detoxification and rapid opioid antagonist induction.
Marriage Markets and Divorce Laws

This paper develops a model of search and learning in marriage markets to analyze how a liberalization of divorce laws affects marriage market outcomes. In particular we analyze how the move from mutual consent divorce to unilateral divorce affects marriage rates, the composition of those who marry, and divorce rates, under the assumption that households cannot reach Coasean bargains. The analysis highlights the distinction between the effects on the existing stock of married couples (a pipeline effect) and the effects on newly married couples (a selection effect). Although unilateral divorce laws increase divorce rates for those already married at the time of the law change, the change to unilateral divorce can cause those married to be better matched than those previously married under mutual consent divorce laws. Hence a change to unilateral divorce can cause a fall in the steady-state divorce rate. The results help interpret and reconcile much of the current empirical literature in this field.
Dual Dijkstra search for paths with different topologies

This paper describ esa new search algorithm, Dual Dijkstra Search. F roma given initial and nal conguration, Dual Dijkstra Search nds various paths which have di er enttop olo giessimultaneously. This alo grithm allows you to enumerate not only the optimal one but variety of meaningful candidates among local minimum paths. It is based on the algorithm of Dijkstra[10], which is populary used to nd an optimal solution. The method consists of two procedures: First computes local minima and ranks the paths in order of optimality. Then classify them with their topological properties and take out only the optimal paths in each groups. Computed examples include generating collision-free motion along 2D space and motion planning of 3DOF robot. We also proposed the idea of motion compression, which simpli es the high dimensional motion planning problem. T ogetherwith this idea, we applie dDual Dijkstra Se arch to 7DOF arm manipulation problem and succeededin obtaining variety of motion candidates.
The Simulated Trading Heuristic for Solving Vehicle Routing Problems

We present an improvement heuristic for vehicle routing problems. The heuristic nds complex customer interchanges to improve an initial solution. Our approach is modular, thus it is easily adjusted to diierent side constraints such as time windows, backhauls and a heterogeneous vehicle eet. The algorithm is well suited for parallelization. We report on a parallel implementation of the Simulated Trading heuristic on a cluster of workstations using PVM. The computational results were obtained using two sets of vehicle routing problems which diier in the presence of time windows. Our results show that Simulated Trading is better suited for problems with time windows.
A cost function for similarity-based hierarchical clustering

The development of algorithms for hierarchical clustering has been hampered by a shortage of precise objective functions. To help address this situation, we introduce a simple cost function on hierarchies over a set of points, given pairwise similarities between those points. We show that this criterion behaves sensibly in canonical instances and that it admits a top-down construction procedure with a provably good approximation ratio.
Staining of Frozen and Formalin-Fixed, Paraffin-Embedded Tissues with Metal-Labeled Antibodies for Imaging Mass Cytometry Analysis.

This unit describes protocols for labeling tissue sections using combinations of metal-tagged antibodies and an iridium-containing DNA intercalator for analysis by imaging mass cytometry. Imaging mass cytometry (IMC) allows the labeling of up to 40 individual markers simultaneously using antibody cocktails. We discuss labeling of both cryostat sections and sections from formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded (FFPE) tissue blocks. The protocols are similar to those used for optical microscopy techniques, while allowing much higher complexity of analysis. © 2017 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Early spondyloarthritis.

Spondyloarthritis (SpA) is a large family of chronic inflammatory diseases characterized by inflammation of the axial skeleton, a typically asymmetric peripheral arthritis of the lower limbs, enthesitis, typical extra-articular manifestations, and shared genetic background. The prevalence in the general population is up to 2% for the entire group. SpA, particularly ankylosing spondylitis, has been associated with a diagnostic delay of up to 10 years. Important efforts toward shortening this delay have been made, including the development of new classification criteria. This article discusses the current concept of the disease, typical manifestations, advances in diagnosis, and current treatment recommendations.
The effect of hemodynamically-guided hypotensive therapy in one-year observation: Randomized, prospective and controlled trial (FINEPATH study).

BACKGROUND
The use of impedance cardiography (ICG) revealed to provide beneficial blood pressure (BP) lowering effect. However, the follow-up in previous trials was short and brachial BP was the only evaluated hemodynamic variable. Thus, we aimed to estimate the influence of ICG-guided therapy on brachial and central BP, impedance-derived hemodynamic profile and echocardiographic features after 12 months in a randomized, prospective and controlled trial (NCT01996085).


METHODS
One hundred and forty-four hypertensives were randomly assigned to groups of empiric (GE) and ICG-guided therapy (HD). Office BP, ambulatory BP monitoring, central BP and echocardiography (left ventricular hypertrophy and diastolic function assessment) were performed before and after 12 months of treatment.


RESULTS
Blood pressure reduction was higher in HD (office BP: 21.8/14.1 vs. 19.9/11.8 mm Hg; mean 24-h BP: 19.0/10.9 vs. 14.4/9.2 mm Hg). However, the only statistically significant differences were: percentage of patients achieving BP reduction of minimum 20 mm Hg for of-fice diastolic BP (27.3% vs. 12.1%; p = 0.034) and mean 24-h systolic BP (49.1% vs. 27.3%; p = 0.013). More pronounced improvement in the left ventricular diastolic dysfunction (delta E/A 0.34 vs. 0.12, p = 0.017) was the only other beneficial hemodynamic effect.


CONCLUSIONS
Beneficial BP lowering effect of hemodynamically-guided pharmacotherapy, observed previously in short-term observation, persists over time. Hemodynamic effects of such a treatment approach, especially those of prognostic value (central BP, myocardial hypertrophy), should be evaluated in further studies including patients with resistant hypertension, heart failure, diabetes mellitus and chronic kidney disease.
Flight-Test Evaluation of Sensor Fusion Algorithms for Attitude Estimation

In this paper, several Global Positioning System/inertial navigation system (GPS/INS) algorithms are presented using both extended Kalman filter (EKF) and unscented Kalman filter (UKF), and evaluated with respect to performance and complexity. The contributions of this study are that attitude estimates are compared with independent measurements provided by a mechanical vertical gyroscope using 23 diverse sets of flight data, and that a fundamental difference between EKF and UKF with respect to linearization is evaluated.
Preliminary findings: Contingency management targeting psycho-stimulant use results in secondary decreases in smoking for severely mentally ill adults.

BACKGROUND
Treatments for drug addiction and smoking in severely mentally ill (SMI) adults are needed.


OBJECTIVES
To investigate the effect of a contingency management (CM) intervention targeting psycho-stimulant on cigarette smoking.


METHODS
126 stimulant dependent SMI smokers were assigned to CM or a non-contingent control condition. Rates of smoking-negative (<3 ppm) carbon monoxide breath-samples were compared.


RESULTS
Individuals who received CM targeting psycho-stimulants were 79% more likely to submit a smoking-negative breath-sample relative to controls.


CONCLUSIONS AND SCIENTIFIC SIGNIFICANCE
This study provides initial evidence that a behavioral treatment for drug use results in reductions in cigarette smoking in SMI adults.
Towards a Grand Unified Theory of Mathematics and Physics

Wigner’s \unreasonable eectiveness of mathematics" in physics can be understood as a reection of a deep and unexpected unity between the fundamental structures of mathematics and of physics. Some of the history of evidence for this is reviewed, emphasizing developments since Wigner’s time and still poorly understood analogies between number theory and quantum eld theory.
Multi-view Visual Bayesian Personalized Ranking from Implicit Feedback

In this paper, we propose a new factorization model that combines multi-view visual feature information with the implicit feedback data for prediction and ranking. The visual information is integrated into a collaborative filtering framework. The visual features of images are extracted by using a deep neural network. In order to conduct personalized recommendation better, the multi-view visual features are fused through user related weights. The user related weights reflect the personalized visual preference for items. They are different and independent between users. Experimental results show that our model with multi-view visual information achieves the better performance than models without or with only single-view visual information.
Laboratory efficacy of an anthraquinone-based repellent for reducing bird damage to ripening corn

Wildlife repellents provide a non-lethal alternative for managing agricultural impacts associated with wildlife depredation. To evaluate a potential bird repellent for ripening corn, we conducted a feeding experiment at the United States Department of Agriculture, National Wildlife Research Center with 66 red-winged blackbirds (Agelaius phoeniceus). Using a two-choice experimental design we tested the efficacy of Avipel repellent (a.i. 50% 9,10-anthraquinone) on ripening sweet corn. Red-winged blackbirds consumed an average of 8.6% ± 0.9% of kernels from untreated ears and 5.3% ± 1.1% from ears treated with anthraquinone. The interaction between anthraquinone concentration and corn treatment suggests a positive concentration-response for red-winged blackbirds. Odds ratio analysis suggests red-winged blackbirds were 1.4 times more likely to damage untreated sweet corn compared to treated sweet corn. These results suggest efficacy of anthraquinone-based products as red-wing blackbird repellents for ripening corn. Moreover, exposure to anthraquinone-based repellents may reduce consumption of a food matrix that receives little to no direct anthraquinone exposure. Supplemental research is recommended to evaluate anthraquinone-based repellents under field conditions, including the establishment of a chemical tolerance for food and feed
Fault creep along the southern San Andreas from interferometric synthetic aperture radar , permanent scatterers , and stacking

[1] Interferometric synthetic aperture radar (InSAR) provides a practical means of mapping creep along major strike-slip faults. The small amplitude of the creep signal (<10 mm/yr), combined with its short wavelength, makes it difficult to extract from long time span interferograms, especially in agricultural or heavily vegetated areas. We utilize two approaches to extract the fault creep signal from 37 ERS SAR images along the southern San Andreas Fault. First, amplitude stacking is utilized to identify permanent scatterers, which are then used to weight the interferogram prior to spatial filtering. This weighting improves correlation and also provides a mask for poorly correlated areas. Second, the unwrapped phase is stacked to reduce tropospheric and other short-wavelength noise. This combined processing enables us to recover the near-field ( 200 m) slip signal across the fault due to shallow creep. Displacement maps from 60 interferograms reveal a diffuse secular strain buildup, punctuated by localized interseismic creep of 4–6 mm/yr line of sight (LOS, 12–18 mm/yr horizontal). With the exception of Durmid Hill, this entire segment of the southern San Andreas experienced right-lateral triggered slip of up to 10 cm during the 3.5-year period spanning the 1992 Landers earthquake. The deformation change following the 1999 Hector Mine earthquake was much smaller (<1 cm) and broader than for the Landers event. Profiles across the fault during the interseismic phase show peak-to-trough amplitude ranging from 15 to 25 mm/yr (horizontal component) and the minimum misfit models show a range of creeping/locking depth values that fit the data.
The role of BPR in the implementation of ERP systems

Purpose – The role of business process re-engineering (BPR) in implementing enterprise resource planning (ERP) systems is of paramount importance. A variety of approaches are used for such re-engineering as the best-fitting ERP solution can only give a maximum of 80 percent fit with the existing workflow of the organization in which ERP is being implemented. The aim of this paper is to focus on the issues involved. Design/methodology/approach – The paper presents some sample ERP installations to come out with various types of business BPR, ranging from small-r to big-R, practised while implementing ERP. Findings – Based on the literature review, it could be found that all organizations implementing ERP have chosen their own approach based on organizational constraints and the needs. The importance of BPR in ERP implementation is highlighted in earlier studies. Research limitations/implications – The recursive relationship between BPR and information technology has only resulted in the rapid evolution of ERP systems. ERP integration with supply chain management and its web readiness are major agenda for ERP developers. Many re-engineering possibilities are yet to evolve based on research in knowledge, artificial intelligence and expert database systems. A suitable approach to implement the same in an organization can only be done using the most suitable approach and hence the importance of the BPR approaches presented here along with their advantages and disadvantages. Practical implications – As the various BPR approaches are categorized based on implementation followed by major corporations, it is definitely a forerunner for any ERP-implementing organization under study. Also the common problems encountered during re-engineering for ERP implementation and the suggested remedial measures are presented based on earlier work. Originality/value – An attempt has been made to identify BPR problems, causes and approaches used in implementing ERP solutions. It is only aimed at synthesis of technical and general issues using the literature.
Irritable bowel syndrome in general practice: prevalence, characteristics, and referral.

BACKGROUND AND AIMS
Little is known about the prevalence, symptoms, diagnosis, attitude, and referral to specialists of patients with irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) in general practice. This study aimed to determine these characteristics.


METHODS
3111 patients attending 36 general practitioners (GPs) at six varied locations in and near Bristol, UK, were screened to identify those with a gastrointestinal problem. These patients (n=255) and their doctors were given questionnaires. Six months later the case notes were examined to reach criteria based diagnoses of functional bowel disorders.


RESULTS
Of 255 patients with a gastrointestinal complaint, 30% were judged to have IBS and 14% other functional disorders. Compared with 100 patients with an "organic" diagnoses, those with IBS were more often women and more often judged by their GP to be polysymptomatic and to have unexplained symptoms. The majority of patients with IBS (58%) were diagnosed as such by the GP; 22% had other functional diagnoses. Conversely, among 54 patients diagnosed as having IBS by the GPs, the criteria based diagnosis was indeed functional in 91%; only one patient had organic disease (proctitis). More patients with IBS than those with organic disease feared cancer. In most some fear remained after the visit to the doctor. On logistic regression analysis, predictors of referral to a specialist (29% referred) were denial of a role for stress, multiple tests, and frequent bowel movements.


CONCLUSIONS
Half the patients with gut complaints seen by GPs have functional disorders. These are usually recognised, and few patients are referred. In IBS, cancer fears often remain, suggesting unconfident diagnosis or inadequate explanation.
Use of Evidence-Based Practices in Pregnancy and Childbirth: South East Asia Optimising Reproductive and Child Health in Developing Countries Project

BACKGROUND
The burden of mortality and morbidity related to pregnancy and childbirth remains concentrated in developing countries. SEA-ORCHID (South East Asia Optimising Reproductive and Child Health In Developing countries) is evaluating whether a multifaceted intervention to strengthen capacity for research synthesis, evidence-based care and knowledge implementation improves adoption of best clinical practice recommendations leading to better health for mothers and babies. In this study we assessed current practices in perinatal health care in four South East Asian countries and determined whether they were aligned with best practice recommendations.


METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS
We completed an audit of 9550 medical records of women and their 9665 infants at nine hospitals; two in each of Indonesia, Malaysia and The Philippines, and three in Thailand between January-December 2005. We compared actual clinical practices with best practice recommendations selected from the Cochrane Library and the World Health Organization Reproductive Health Library. Evidence-based components of the active management of the third stage of labour and appropriately treating eclampsia with magnesium sulphate were universally practiced in all hospitals. Appropriate antibiotic prophylaxis for caesarean section, a beneficial form of care, was practiced in less than 5% of cases in most hospitals. Use of the unnecessary practices of enema in labour ranged from 1% to 61% and rates of episiotomy for vaginal birth ranged from 31% to 95%. Other appropriate practices were commonly performed to varying degrees between countries and also between hospitals within the same country.


CONCLUSIONS/SIGNIFICANCE
Whilst some perinatal health care practices audited were consistent with best available evidence, several were not. We conclude that recording of clinical practices should be an essential step to improve quality of care. Based on these findings, the SEA-ORCHID project team has been developing and implementing interventions aimed at increasing compliance with evidence-based clinical practice recommendations to improve perinatal practice in South East Asia.
R-GMA : A Relational Grid Information and Monitoring System

We describe R-GMA (Relational Grid Monitoring Architecture) which is being developed within the European DataGrid Project as a Grid Information and Monitoring System for both the grid itself and for use by applications. Is is based on the GMA from GGF, which is a simple Consumer-Producer model. The special strength of this implementation comes from the power of the relational model. We offer a global view of the information as if each VO had one large relational database. We provide a number of different Producer types with different characteristics; for example some support streaming of information. We also provide combined Consumer/Producers, which are able to combine information and republish it. At the heart of the system is the mediator, which for any query is able to find and connect to the best Producers to do the job. In addition to having some of our own sensors able to publish information, we are able to invoke MDS info-provider scripts and publish the resulting information via R-GMA.
3DTI Amphitheater: Towards 3DTI Broadcasting

3DTI Amphitheater is a live broadcasting system for dissemination of 3DTI (3D Tele-immersive) content. The virtual environment constructed by the system mimics an amphitheater in the real world, where performers interact with each other in the central circular stage, and the audience is placed in virtual seats that surround the stage. Users of the Amphitheater can be geographically dispersed and the streams created by the performer sites are disseminated in a P2P network among the participants. To deal with the high bandwidth demand and strict latency bound of the service, we identify the hierarchical priority of streams in construction of the content dissemination forest. Result shows that the Amphitheater outperforms prior 3DTI systems by boosting the application QoS by a factor of 2.8 while sustaining the same hundred-scale audience group.