LLukas22/scidocs huggingface dataset:
Using FACTS devices to resolve congestions in transmission grids

Increased electric power consumption causes transmission lines to be driven close to or even beyond their transfer capacities resulting in overloaded lines and congestions. Flexible AC transmission systems (FACTS) provide an opportunity to resolve congestions by controlling power flows and voltages. The focus in this paper lies on the thyristor controlled series compensator (TCSC) and the static var compensator (SVC) as they are already in use. In general, SVCs and TCSCs are controlled locally without any coordination. The resulting mutual influences may lead to a suboptimal control performance which may endanger the security of the system. In simulations where SVCs and TCSCs are controlled by local PI controllers with anti-windup, the interactions among the devices are demonstrated with TCSCs in parallel lines as well as in nonparallel lines, SVCs at different buses and a combination of TCSC and SVC in the same grid. It is shown how the controllers interact with each other, in the worst case ending up in an unsolvable conflict. Finally, a supervisory control based on optimal power flow is developed coordinating the actions of the FACTS devices placed in the same grid such that conflicts among devices are prevented. The objective is to ensure secure transmission of electrical power and to avoid congestions resulting in overloaded and possibly disconnected lines. In a test grid, the improvements in active power losses, in line loadings and in voltage profile are demonstrated
SecIoT: a security framework for the Internet of Things

The 5th generation wireless system (5G) will support Internet of Things (IoT) by increasing the interconnectivity of electronic devices to support a variety of new and promising networked applications such as the home of the future, environmental monitoring networks and infrastructure management systems. The potential benefits of the IoT are as profound as they are diverse. However, the benefits of the IoT come with some significant challenges. Not the least of these is that the increased interconnectivity integral to an IoT network increases its vulnerability to malevolent attacks. There is still no proven methodology for the design of security frameworks with device authentication and access control. This paper attempts to address this problem through the development of a prototype security framework with robust and transparent security protection. This includes an investigation into the security requirements of three different characteristic IoT scenarios (concretely, body IoT, home IoT, and hotel IoT), a design of new authentication mechanisms, and an access control subsystem with fine-grained roles and risk indicators. Our prototype security framework gives us an insight into some of the major difficulties of IoT security as well as providing some feasible solutions. The abstract figure.
An effective selecting approach for social media big data analysis — Taking commercial hotspot exploration with Weibo check-in data as an example

According to the problem that efficient datasets cannot be quickly obtained from social media big data of social networks in the process of focused mining and analysis. An effective selection method for clustering mining with spacetime large data is proposed. The effective selection method of clustering mining divides the spatiotemporal large data from the dimension of space, time or attribute. Then do exploratory spatial data analysis(ESDA) to the obtained subsets to get the datasets with the potential of clustering mining quickly. the proposed method is verified by using the Weibo check-in data in Wuhan which is between 2011 and 2015 to mine commercial hotspots. The experimental results show that the method can quickly and effectively excavate datasets from Weibo check-in data that can reflect the distribution of Wuhan business circle, and the excavate d datasets have the characteristics of high clustering, small volume, high precision. The effective selection method of clustering mining for spatiotemporal data can provide fast and effective methods and ideas for the process of crowd sourcing geographic data today.
Small-Size Uniplanar WWAN Tablet Computer Antenna Using a Parallel-Resonant Strip for Bandwidth Enhancement

The technique of using a parallel-resonant (PR) strip for bandwidth enhancement of a small-size uniplanar tablet computer antenna for the WWAN operation (824-960/1710-2170 MHz) is presented. The antenna is printed on a thin FR4 substrate of small size 12 × 40 mm2, and has a simple uniplanar structure of comprising a feeding strip, a shorted strip, and a PR strip. The antenna's wide lower band is formed by the quarter-wavelength resonant mode of the shorted strip and an additional resonant mode generated owing to the presence of the PR strip, which occupies a very small area of about 7 × 7 mm2 only. The PR strip contributes a parallel resonance at about 1100 MHz which in turn generates an additional resonance near the quarter-wavelength mode of the shorted strip, thereby resulting in a new resonant mode to greatly enhance or double the bandwidth of the antenna's lower band for the GSM850/900 operation. For the antenna's upper band, it is formed by a higher-order mode of the shorted strip and a quarter-wavelength mode of the feeding strip, and covers the GSM1800/1900/UMTS operation. Details of the proposed antenna are presented.
Commuting Toeplitz operators with pluriharmonic symbols

By making use of M-harmonic function theory, we characterize commuting Toeplitz operators with bounded pluriharmonic symbols on the Bergman space of the unit ball or on the Hardy space of the unit sphere in n-dimensional complex space.
Optimization of Piezoelectric Oscillating Fan-Cooled Heat Sinks for Electronics Cooling

Piezoelectric fans have been investigated for electronics cooling over the last decade. The primary usage or method has been to place the vibrating fan near the surface to be cooled. The piezofan used in the current study is composed of a piezo actuator attached to a flexible metal beam. It is operated at up to 120-VAC and at 60 Hz. While most of the research in the literature focused on cooling bare surfaces, larger heat transfer rates are of interest in the present study. A system of piezoelectric fans and a heat sink is presented as a more efficient method of system cooling with these fans. In this paper, a heat sink and piezoelectric fan system demonstrated a cooling capability of 1 C/W over an area of about 75 cm2 where electronic assemblies can be mounted. The heat sink not only provides surface area, but also flow shaping for the unusual 3-D flow field of the fans. A volumetric coefficient of performance (COPv) is proposed, which allows a piezofan and heat sink system volume to be compared against the heat dissipating capacity of a similar heat sink of the same volume for natural convection. A piezofan system is shown to have a COPv of five times that of a typical natural-convection solution. The paper will further discuss the effect of nozzles in flow shaping obtained via experimental and computational studies. A 3-D flow field of the proposed cooling scheme with a piezofan is obtained via a flow visualization method. Velocities at the heat sink in the order of 1.5 m/s were achieved through this critical shaping. Finally, the overall system characterization to different heat loads and fan amplitudes will be discussed.
Experimental observation of relativistic nonlinear Thomson scattering

Classical Thomson scattering — the scattering of low-intensity light by electrons — is a linear process, in that it does not change the frequency of the radiation; moreover, the magnetic-field component of light is not involved. But if the light intensity is extremely high (∼1018 W cm−2), the electrons oscillate during the scattering process with velocities approaching the speed of light. In this relativistic regime, the effect of the magnetic and electric fields on the electron motion should become comparable, and the effective electron mass will increase. Consequently, electrons in such high fields are predicted to quiver nonlinearly, moving in figure-of-eight patterns rather than in straight lines. Scattered photons should therefore be radiated at harmonics of the frequency of the incident light, with each harmonic having its own unique angular distribution. Ultrahigh-peak-power lasers offer a means of creating the huge photon densities required to study relativistic, or ‘nonlinear’ (ref. 6), Thomson scattering. Here we use such an approach to obtain direct experimental confirmation of the theoretical predictions of relativistic Thomson scattering. In the future, it may be possible to achieve coherent, generation of the harmonics, a process that could be potentially utilized for ‘table-top’ X-ray sources.
Next-Generation Deployment Support for Sensor Networks

We present a new methodology for the development, test, deployment, and validation of wireless sensor networks. Our approach is a robust, wireless cable replacement offering reliable and transparent connections to arbitrary WSN target devices. Compared to traditional serial-cable approaches, this results in enhanced scalability and flexibility with respect to node location, density, and mobility. This makes the coordinated deployment of WSNs possible. We describe the operation of this novel tool and discuss an exemplary implementation on the BTnode platform.
Surgical perspectives from a prospective, nonrandomized, multicenter study of breast conserving surgery and adjuvant electronic brachytherapy for the treatment of breast cancer

BACKGROUND
Accelerated partial breast irradiation (APBI) may be used to deliver radiation to the tumor bed post-lumpectomy in eligible patients with breast cancer. Patient and tumor characteristics as well as the lumpectomy technique can influence patient eligibility for APBI. This report describes a lumpectomy procedure and examines patient, tumor, and surgical characteristics from a prospective, multicenter study of electronic brachytherapy.


METHODS
The study enrolled 65 patients of age 45-84 years with ductal carcinoma or ductal carcinoma in situ, and 44 patients, who met the inclusion and exclusion criteria, were treated with APBI using the Axxent® electronic brachytherapy system following lumpectomy. The prescription dose was 34 Gy in 10 fractions over 5 days.


RESULTS
The lumpectomy technique as described herein varied by site and patient characteristics. The balloon applicator was implanted by the surgeon (91%) or a radiation oncologist (9%) during or up to 61 days post-lumpectomy (mean 22 days). A lateral approach was most commonly used (59%) for insertion of the applicator followed by an incision site approach in 27% of cases, a medial approach in 5%, and an inferior approach in 7%. A trocar was used during applicator insertion in 27% of cases. Local anesthetic, sedation, both or neither were administered in 45%, 2%, 41% and 11% of cases, respectively, during applicator placement. The prescription dose was delivered in 42 of 44 treated patients.


CONCLUSIONS
Early stage breast cancer can be treated with breast conserving surgery and APBI using electronic brachytherapy. Treatment was well tolerated, and these early outcomes were similar to the early outcomes with iridium-based balloon brachytherapy.
Impact of a patient-specific co-designed COPD care scorecard on COPD care quality: a quasi-experimental study

Background:The evidence that sharing mass care quality data with health service users improves care is weak.Aims:We hypothesised that providing patients with individualised care quality data would drive improvements to the care received by those patients.Methods:Together with patients who had chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), we co-designed a quality score card mapping indicators derived from National Institute for Clinical Excellence (NICE) quality standards against matched data taken from their general practice clinical records. All 640 COPD patients from 10 practices had improvements in these indicators before and 3 months after the intervention compared with 595 COPD patients in 10 control practices.Results:Significant improvements in referral to pulmonary rehabilitation (P=0.03) and confirmation of diagnosis with spirometry (P=0.001) were seen in the intervention compared with the control practice population (P<0.001). Increases in the provision of self-management plans were seen in both the groups. No improvement was seen in other indicators.Conclusions:Although the study is not able to prove a direct cause and effect, there is sufficient evidence presented to warrant the larger-scale evaluation of co-designed, personalised, quality score cards for COPD patients used as a tool to enhance care quality.
Ambient and Wearable Sensor Fusion for Activity Recognition in Healthcare Monitoring Systems

The use of wearable sensors for home monitoring provides an effective means of inferring a patient’s level of activity. However, wearable sensors have intrinsic ambiguities that prevent certain activities to be recognized accurately. The purpose of this paper is to introduce a robust framework for enhanced activity recognition by integrating an ear-worn activity recognition (e-AR) sensor with ambient blob-based vision sensors. Accelerometer information from the e-AR is fused with features extracted from the vision sensor by using a Gaussian Mixture Model Bayes classifier. The experimental results showed a significant improvement of the classification accuracy compared to the use of the e-AR sensor alone. Keywords— blob sensor, wearable sensor, sensor fusion, activity recognition
ZigBee-based Smart Home system design

This paper aims to construct a Smart Home system based on ZigBee wireless communication technology. The article will introduce the Smart Home industry and analyze the advantages of ZigBee wireless communication technology used in the Smart Home system. It describes the structure composition of the Smart Home system based on ZigBee, and finally gives the system design concept and implementation approach.
Paying for confidence: An experimental study of the demand for non-instrumental information

This paper presents experimental evidence that when individuals are about to make a given decision under risk, they are willing to pay for information on the likelihood that this decision is ex-post optimal, even if this information will not affect their decision. Our findings suggest that this demand for non-instrumental information is caused by what we refer to as a “confidence effect”: the desire to increase one’s posterior belief by ruling out "bad news", even when such news would have no effect on one’s decision. We conduct various treatments to show that our subjects’ behavior is not likely to be caused by either a preference for early resolution of uncertainty, failure of backward induction or an aversion to contingent planning. ∗The authors would like to thank the Center for Experimental Social Science at New York University for its financial help and Anwar Ruff for programming the experiment. We also thank Andrew Caplin, Yoram Halevy, Dan Levin, Ariel Rubinstein, and especially Ran Spiegler for their valuable advice. Erkut Özbay provided excellent research assistance. This work was done under grant number SES-0425118 of the National Scienc Foundation. †Brown University, Economics Dept., Box B, 64 Waterman St., Providence, RI 02912. E-mail: Kfir_Eliaz@Brown.Edu, URL: http://www.econ.brown.edu/fac/Kfir_Eliaz/index.htm ‡New York University, Economics Dept., 19 West Fourth St., New York, NY 10012. E-mail: andrew.schotter@nyu.edu, URL: http://homepages.nyu.edu/~as7/index.htm
Improvement of the Maximum Power Point Tracker for photovoltaic generators with Particle Swarm Optimization technique by adding repulsive force among agents

This paper deals with Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT) control of photovoltaic generators. Photovoltaic (PV) generation systems need maximum power point tracker because the PV power output depends on the operating terminal voltage and current. Further, the PV array exhibits two or more MPP's under partial shading condition and hence finding the MPP using conventional techniques is a difficult task. To overcome the difficulty, finding the MPP, the authors improve the MPPT with Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) technique by adding a kind of “repulsion term” to the equation of PSO algorithm. The term enables to improve the response to various types of insolation change. This results in lower cost, higher overall efficiency and also the algorithm is simple. The improved PSO-MPPT algorithm is verified through simulative and experimental studies. It is proved this algorithm is superior to the original PSO-MPPT methods by evaluating generated power and electrical energy.
Investigation of the use of drained blood reinfusion after total knee arthroplasty: a prospective randomised controlled study.

PURPOSE
To compare the use of a blood salvage and reinfusion system with standard allogeneic blood transfusion after total knee arthroplasty--a procedure associated with significant postoperative blood loss.


METHODS
Between June 2002 and May 2004, 60 patients undergoing total knee arthroplasty were randomly allocated into a reinfusion group (n = 26) or a control group (n = 34). Patients in the reinfusion group had their blood reinfused from drains within 6 hours of surgery. Both groups received allogeneic blood transfusions according to specified transfusion criteria if the haemoglobin level fell below 90 g/l, or in the presence of severe anaemic symptoms. Haemoglobin levels and drain output were recorded daily for 3 consecutive days after surgery.


RESULTS
There was no significant difference between the 2 groups in demographic data, drain output, total blood loss, and mean postoperative haemoglobin levels. Significantly more allogeneic blood was required by the control group than by the reinfusion group (p = 0.022).


CONCLUSION
Postoperative reinfusion of drained blood reduced the need for blood transfusion after total knee arthroplasty, while having an effect on postoperative haemoglobin level equivalent to standard allogeneic blood transfusion.
Retrieval of immature oocytes after chemotherapy for Hodgkin's disease and prolonged ovarian down-regulation with gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonist.

OBJECTIVE
To describe isolation and in vitro maturation of primary oocytes from the ovarian cortex in the presence of hypothalamic pituitary down-regulation.


DESIGN
Case report.


SETTING
Tertiary care university-affiliated hospital.


PATIENT(S)
An 18-year-old patient was given treatment with the ABVD (Adriamycin, bleomycin, vinblastine, and dacarbazine) protocol for Hodgkin's disease. She underwent ovarian tissue cryopreservation while being cotreated with GnRH agonist because of disease relapse.


INTERVENTION(S)
Laparoscopic oophorectomy, ovarian tissue cryopreservation, and in vitro maturation of primary oocytes.


MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S)
Maturation of primary oocytes isolated from the medium used for preparation of ovarian tissue.


RESULT(S)
Twenty-one immature germinal vesicle-stage oocytes were isolated from the medium of dissection. All were incubated in in vitro maturation medium, and five were maturated and frozen.


CONCLUSION(S)
The fact that germinal vesicle-stage oocytes were present in our patient's medium despite hormonal down-regulation demonstrates that GnRH agonist does not completely inhibit antral follicle development.
A prospective ten-year clinical trial of porcelain veneers.

PURPOSE
The aim of this in vivo study was to evaluate the clinical performance of porcelain veneers after 5 and 10 years of clinical service.


MATERIALS AND METHODS
A single operator placed porcelain laminates on 87 maxillary anterior teeth in 25 patients. All restorations were recalled at 5 years and 93% of the restorations at 10 years. Clinical performance was assessed in terms of esthetics, marginal integrity, retention, clinical microleakage, caries recurrence, fracture, vitality, and patient satisfaction. Failures were recorded either as "clinically unacceptable but repairable" or as "clinically unacceptable with replacement needed".


RESULTS
Porcelain veneers maintained their esthetic appearance after 10 years of clinical service. None of the veneers were lost. The percentage of restorations that remained "clinically acceptable" (without need for intervention) significantly decreased from an average of 92% (95 CI: 90% to 94%) at 5 years to 64% (95 CI: 51% to 77%) at 10 years. Fractures of porcelain (11%) and large marginal defects (20%) were the main reason for failure. Marginal defects were especially noticed at locations where the veneer ended in an existing composite filling. At such vulnerable locations, severe marginal discoloration (19%) and caries recurrence (10%) were frequently observed. Most of the restorations that present one or more "clinically unacceptable" problems (28%) were repairable. Only 4% of the restorations needed to be replaced at the 10-year recall.


CONCLUSION
It was concluded that labial porcelain veneers represent a reliable, effective procedure for conservative treatment of unesthetic anterior teeth. Occlusion, preparation design, presence of composite fillings, and the adhesive used to bond veneers to tooth substrate are covariables that contribute to the clinical outcome of these restorations in the long-term.
Electric Power Generation from Municipal, Food, and Animal Wastewaters Using Microbial Fuel Cells

Here, we explore if microbial fuel cell (MFC) technology can replace activated sludge processes for secondary wastewater treatment. We will discuss the present limitations and problems of electric current generation when a complex wastewater is treated with a diverse and undefined community of microbes in large-scale systems. These challenges include low coulombic efficiencies, slow kinetic rates, and nonlinear power density increases during scaleup efforts. Finally, we developed a prediction of the main economic gain from treating wastewater with microbial fuel cells. We conclude that electricity generation will not justify MFC operation, but that BOD removal with this more sustainable technology is attractive.
4G/5G Multiple Antennas for Future Multi-Mode Smartphone Applications

A hybrid antenna is proposed for future 4G/5G multiple input multiple output (MIMO) applications. The proposed antenna is composed of two antenna modules, namely, 4G antenna module and 5G antenna module. The 4G antenna module is a two-antenna array capable of covering the GSM850/900/1800/1900, UMTS2100, and LTE2300/2500 operating bands, while the 5G antenna module is an eight-antenna array operating in the 3.5-GHz band capable of covering the C-band (3400-3600 MHz), which could meet the demand of future 5G application. Compared with ideal uncorrelated antennas in an 8 × 8 MIMO system, the 5G antenna module has shown good ergodic channel capacity of ~40 b/s/Hz, which is only 6 b/s/Hz lower than ideal case. This multi-mode hybrid antenna is fabricated, and typically, experimental results such as S-parameter, antenna efficiency, radiation pattern, and envelope correlation coefficient are presented.