LLukas22/scidocs huggingface dataset:
Construction of neoglans penis: a new sculpturing technique from rectus abdominis myofascial flap.

INTRODUCTION
Construction of a neoglans penis may be required following glans amputation at circumcision, strangulation by a hair coil, or self-mutilation, among other indications. It may also be combined with phalloplasty to imitate the natural appearance and to support a penile prosthesis.


AIM
This is a report on a novel technique of neoglans construction for a patient with an amputated glans penis as a result of circumcision injury.


METHODS
A rectus abdominis myofascial flap was used. The flap was designed to be a 12 x 4 cm segment of the infraumbilical portion of the muscle, based on the inferior epigastric vessels. The flap was harvested through a paramedian incision. The penis was partially degloved through a circumferential incision 1 cm below its summit. The distal penile skin was utilized to elongate the urethra, so that the urethral meatus would be at the tip of the neoglans. The flap was reflected and tunneled underneath the mons veneris and alongside the penis, to emerge distal to the summit of the penis. The flap was fashioned into the shape of a glans and secured in place around the neourethra. The impression of a corona was achieved by tucking the proximal edge of the flap to its undersurface.


RESULT
Six months following surgery, the patient had a neoglans penis, a corona, and a urethral meatus at the very tip. The neoglans had similar consistency, color, and shape to the normal glans.


CONCLUSION
Construction of a neoglans penis is possible using the described sculpturing techniques, with satisfactory cosmetic results.
Participant uptake of the fecal immunochemical test decreases with the two-sample regimen compared with one-sample FIT

BACKGROUND
Fecal immunochemical tests (FITs) are recommended to screen average-risk adults for colorectal cancer (CRC). Little research has examined whether a two-sample FIT affects participant uptake, compared with a one-sample FIT. Examining participant uptake is important, as evidence suggests that a two-sample FIT may increase the sensitivity to detect CRC.


OBJECTIVE
This study had two objectives: (i) to evaluate FIT completion in a population that received either a one-sample FIT kit (1-FIT) or a two-sample FIT kit (2-FIT) and (ii) to understand whether uptake varies by age, sex, or receipt of prior CRC screening.


METHODS
We conducted a randomized controlled trial in which 3081 participants who were aged between 50 and 75 years and were at an average risk for CRC, and who had requested FITs, randomly received 1-FIT (n=1540) or 2-FIT (n=1541) kits. FIT completion was defined as the completion and return of a one-sample test by the patients in the 1-FIT group or of both sample tests by those in the 2-FIT group. Cox proportional hazard regression models were used to determine the independent effect of group type (2-FIT vs. 1-FIT) on the completion of the FIT, adjusting for age, sex, and receipt of prior CRC screening.


RESULTS
The 2-FIT group had lower test completion rates (hazard ratio=0.87; 95% confidence interval=0.78-0.97; P=0.01) after adjusting for age, sex, and receipt of prior CRC screening. Participant uptake did not vary by age, sex, or receipt of prior CRC screening.


CONCLUSION
This unique, rigorous randomized controlled trial found that the 2-FIT regimen decreases completion of FIT. Further research is needed to understand whether decreases in participant uptake are offset by increased gains in test sensitivity.
The use of NARX neural networks to predict chaotic time series

The prediction of chaotic time series with neural networks is a traditional practical problem of dynamic systems. This paper is not intended for proposing a new model or a new methodology, but to study carefully and thoroughly several aspects of a model on which there are no enough communicated experimental data, as well as to derive conclusions that would be of interest. The recurrent neural networks (RNN) models are not only important for the forecasting of time series but also generally for the control of the dynamical system. A RNN with a sufficiently large number of neurons is a nonlinear autoregressive and moving average (NARMA) model, with “moving average” referring to the inputs. The prediction can be assimilated to identification of dynamic process. An architectural approach of RNN with embedded memory, “Nonlinear Autoregressive model process with eXogenous input” (NARX), showing promising qualities for dynamic system applications, is analyzed in this paper. The performances of the NARX model are verified for several types of chaotic or fractal time series applied as input for neural network, in relation with the number of neurons, the training algorithms and the dimensions of his embedded memory. In addition, this work has attempted to identify a way to use the classic statistical methodologies (R/S Rescaled Range analysis and Hurst exponent) to obtain new methods of improving the process efficiency of the prediction chaotic time series with NARX. Key-Words: Chaotic Time Series, Hurst Exponent, Prediction, Recurrent Neural Networks, NARX Model
Traffic congestion detection in large-scale scenarios using vehicle-to-vehicle communications

Cooperative vehicular systems are currently being investigated to design innovative ITS (Intelligent Transportation Systems) solutions for road traffic management and safety. Through the wireless exchange of information between vehicles, and between vehicles and infrastructure nodes, cooperative systems can support novel decentralized strategies for ubiquitous and more cost-attractive traffic monitoring. In this context, this paper presents and evaluates CoTEC (COperative Traffic congestion detECtion), a novel cooperative technique based on Vehicle-to-Vehicle (V2V) communications designed to detect road traffic congestion. CoTEC is evaluated under large-scale highway scenarios using iTETRIS, a unique open source simulation platform created to investigate the impact of cooperative vehicular systems. The obtained results demonstrate CoTEC’s capability to accurately detect and characterize road traffic congestion conditions under different traffic scenarios and V2V penetration rates. In particular, CoTEC results in congestion detection probabilities higher than 90%. These results are obtained without overloading the cooperative communications channel. In fact, CoTEC reduces the communications overhead needed to detect road traffic congestions compared to related techniques by 88%. & 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Life Cycle Modeling of Concrete Bridge Design: Comparison of Engineered Cementitious Composite Link Slabs and Conventional Steel Expansion Joints

Concrete infrastructure represents an enormous investment of materials, energy, and capital, and results in signifi ronmental burdens and social costs. There is an ongoing effort to identify material alternatives to conventional concrete. assessment ~LCA! is an important tool to evaluate the environmental performance of alternative infrastructure materials and Here, we present a comparative LCA of two bridge deck systems over a 60 year service life: one using conventional steel expa and the other based on a link slab design using a concrete alternative, engineered cementitious composites ~ECC!. The ECC link slab design is expected to extend the bridge deck service life and reduce maintenance activities. A life cycle model was deve accounts for materials production and distribution, construction and maintenance processes, construction-related traffic cong end-of-life management. Results indicate that the ECC bridge deck system has significant advantages in environmental perform less life cycle energy consumption, 50% less solid waste generation, and 38% less raw material consumption. Construction re congestion is the greatest contributor to most life cycle impact categories. DOI: 10.1061/ ~ASCE!1076-0342~2005!11:1~51! CE Database subject headings: Energy consumption; Environmental impacts; Bridge design; Portland cements; C pavements; Fiber reinforced materials .
Context based object categorization: A critical survey

Please cite this article in press as: C. Galleguillos doi:10.1016/j.cviu.2010.02.004 The goal of object categorization is to locate and identify instances of an object category within an image. Recognizing an object in an image is difficult when images include occlusion, poor quality, noise or background clutter, and this task becomes even more challenging when many objects are present in the same scene. Several models for object categorization use appearance and context information from objects to improve recognition accuracy. Appearance information, based on visual cues, can successfully identify object classes up to a certain extent. Context information, based on the interaction among objects in the scene or global scene statistics, can help successfully disambiguate appearance inputs in recognition tasks. In this work we address the problem of incorporating different types of contextual information for robust object categorization in computer vision. We review different ways of using contextual information in the field of object categorization, considering the most common levels of extraction of context and the different levels of contextual interactions. We also examine common machine learning models that integrate context information into object recognition frameworks and discuss scalability, optimizations and possible future approaches. 2010 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
Collision detection between

In this paper, we survey the state of the art in collision detection between general geometric models. The set of models include polygonal objects, spline or algebraic surfaces, CSG models, and deformable bodies. We present a number of techniques and systems available for contact determination. We also describe several N-body algorithms to reduce the number of pairwise intersection tests.
Approximation Methods for Gaussian Process Regression

A wealth of computationally efficient approximation methods for Gaussian process regression have been recently proposed. We give a unifying overview of sparse approximations, following Quiñonero-Candela and Rasmussen (2005), and a brief review of approximate matrix-vector multiplication methods.
Broadband biquad UHF antenna array for DOA

In this contribution a broadband biquad antenna array for DOA applications is investigated. Simulation and measurement results of the single broadband biquad antenna element and results of antenna array configurations for vertical polarisation, horizontal polarisation or polarisation independant direction of arrival estimation using different algorithms are shown.
Safety and efficacy of 4-aminopyridine in humans with spinal cord injury: a long-term, controlled trial.

STUDY OBJECTIVE
To determine the effects of the long-term administration of 4-aminopyridine (4-AP) on sensorimotor function in humans with long-standing spinal cord injury (SCI).


DESIGN
Randomized, open-label, active-treatment control, dosage-blinded study.


SETTING
University-affiliated, tertiary-level care, Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center.


PATIENTS
Twenty-one healthy men and women outpatients suffering from traumatic SCI (14 tetraplegic, 7 paraplegic) for 2 years or more.


INTERVENTIONS
Dosages of an immediate-release formulation of 4-AP were titrated. At 3 months, 16 subjects were receiving 4-AP 30 mg/day (high dose); 5 subjects were receiving 4-AP 6 mg/day (low dose) and served as an active-treatment control group.


MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS
Composite motor and sensory scores had statistically significant increases at 3 months. Maximal expiratory pressure, maximal inspiratory pressure, forced vital capacity, and forced expiratory volume in 1 second showed clinically meaningful and/or statistically significant increases among patients receiving 4-AP 30 mg/day. These subjects also had significant decreases in spasticity (modified Ashworth Scale). Serial biochemical profiles and electroencephalographs were unchanged from baseline, and no clinically significant drug toxicity was encountered.


CONCLUSIONS
Long-term oral administration of immediate-release 4-AP was associated with improvement in and recovery of sensory and motor function, enhanced pulmonary function, and diminished spasticity in patients with long-standing SCI. 4-Aminopyridine appears to be safe and relatively free from toxicity when administered orally over 3 months. Each patient who received immediate-release 4-AP 30 mg/day showed a response in one or more of the outcome measures.
WEIGHTED TEMPORAL PATTERN MINING WITH DIMENSIONALITY REDUCTION USING MODIFIED AFCM TECHNIQUE

Frequent itemset mining from a time series database is a difficult task. Various techniques have been proposed to mine the frequent associations among the data from the temporal database, but the huge size of the database and frequent time based updates to the database lead to inefficient frequent itemsets. Hence we proposed a dimensionality reduction method which reduces the quantity of data considered for mining. In the proposed system, initially the time based data are converted into fuzzy data. These fuzzy data are provided as input to the proposed Modified Adaptive Fuzzy C Means (MoAFCM) algorithm which is a combination of FCM clustering algorithm and Cuckoo search optimization algorithm. FCM performs dimensionality reduction on the fuzzy data and clustering is performed by the combination of both FCM and cuckoo search optimization algorithm leading to optimized clusters. The resulting clusters contain reference points instead of the original data. Optimization by cuckoo search algorithm leads to better quality clusters. Weighted temporal pattern mining is performed on these clusters to identify the effective temporal patterns which consider knowledge about the patterns having low frequency but high weight in a database which undergoes time based updates. Implementation of the proposed technique is carried out using MATLAB platform and its performance is evaluated using weather forecast dataset. KEYWORDS-Time series database, Dimensionality reduction, Modified Adaptive Fuzzy C Means (MoAFCM), Cuckoo search optimization, Weighted temporal pattern mining.
leanTAP: Lean Tableau-Based Theorem Proving (Extended Abstract)

“prove((E,F),A,B,C,D):- !, prove(E,[F|A],B,C,D). prove((E;F),A,B,C,D):- !, prove(E,A,B,C,D), prove(F,A,B,C,D). prove(all(H,I),A,B,C,D):- !, +length(C,D), copy_term((H,I,C), (G,F,C)), append(A, [all(H,I)],E), prove(F,E,B, [G|C],D). prove(A,_,[C|D],_,_):-((A= -(B); -(A)=B)) → (unify(B,C); prove(A,[],D,_,_)). prove(A,[E|F],B,C,D):- prove(E,F, [A|B],C,D).” implements a first-order theorem prover based on free-variable semantic tableaux. It is complete, sound, and efficient.
Ranibizumab for neovascular age-related macular degeneration.

PURPOSE
The pharmacology, pharmacokinetics, clinical efficacy, safety, pharmacoeconomics, and place in therapy of ranibizumab are reviewed.


SUMMARY
Ranibizumab is the humanized fragment of the murine monoclonal antibody that binds all the active forms of the vascular endothelial growth factor, leading to the inhibition of the neovascular process underlying age-related macular degeneration (AMD). In animal studies, intravitreal administration of ranibizumab resulted in penetration of the drug into all layers of the retina and subsequent slow absorption into the systemic circulation. Improvement in visual acuity by 15 or more letters has been observed in 33.8-40.3% of patients treated with ranibizumab in pivotal clinical trials, compared with 5% of patients treated with sham injections and photodynamic therapy (PDT). The addition of PDT to ranibizumab has not been shown to offer any benefit in terms of efficacy and has been found to worsen ocular adverse reactions. The most common adverse ocular reactions reported in patients receiving ranibizumab during clinical trials include conjunctival hemorrhage, eye pain, vitreous floaters, increased intraocular pressure, and intraocular inflammation. Ranibizumab's efficacy in the treatment of neovascular AMD is well established; however, questions remain regarding the drug's optimal dosing strategy, duration of therapy, and combined therapy with other agents. While ranibizumab has been defined as the best available weapon against AMD, it is also the most expensive.


CONCLUSION
The efficacy of ranibizumab in the treatment of AMD is well established, but more studies are needed to determine ranibizumab's optimal dosage interval, duration of therapy, and combined use with other agents.
Pulse transit time and pulse width as potential measure for estimating beat-to-beat systolic and diastolic blood pressure

Two cardiovascular parameters of emerging interest suitable for estimation of non-invasive, beat-to-beat, and without cuff, blood pressure parameters are pulse width (PW) and pulse transit time (PTT). In this study the performance of both parameters in estimating beat-to-beat systolic blood pressure (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) is analyzed. The overall data set used in the study includes synchronous electrocardiogram signal (ECG), pulse photoplethysmography signal (PPG) and continuous blood pressure signal of 16 healthy subjects during tilt table test, which provokes significant changes in SBP and DBP due to postural changes.
Percutaneous tumor curettage and interstitial delivery of samarium-153 coupled with kyphoplasty for treatment of vertebral metastases.

OBJECT
The object of this study was to investigate the use of a minimally invasive technique for treating metastatic tumors of the vertebral body, aimed at relieving pain, preventing further tumor growth, and minimizing the adverse effects of systemic use of samarium-153 ((153)Sm).


METHODS
The procedure is performed in the same fashion as a kyphoplasty, using a unilateral extrapedicular approach under local anesthesia/mild general sedation, with the patient in the lateral decubitus position. The tumor is accessed as in a standard kyphoplasty. The side is chosen according to the location of the metastasis. Prior to inflation of the balloon the tumor is debulked by percutaneous curettage. Balloon inflation is carried out as per standard kyphoplasty in an attempt to create a larger space and reduce a possible kyphotic deformity. Three mCi of (153)Sm-EDTMP (ethylenediaminetetramethylenephosphonic acid) is then mixed with bone cement (polymethylmethacrylate) and injected into the void created by the balloon tamp.


RESULTS
Twenty-four procedures were performed in 19 patients. There was reliable and reproducible delivery of the radiolabeled (153)Sm-EDTMP to the metastatic site, without spillage. The procedure was safe. There were no procedure-related complications. There was no hematological toxicity with the low doses of (153)Sm used. Pain improved in all patients. The long-term results related to tumor control continue to be investigated.


CONCLUSIONS
Combined percutaneous debulking of confined vertebral metastases and administration of local (153)Sm is feasible and safe. Furthermore, this technique leads to immediate relief of cancer-related pain and may help prevent or slow down the progression of vertebral metastatic tumors.
Firefly Algorithm for Unconstrained Optimization

Meta-heuristic algorithms prove to be competent in outperforming deterministic algorithms for real-world optimization problems. Firefly algorithm is one such recently developed algorithm inspired by the flashing behavior of fireflies. In this work, a detailed formulation and explanation of the Firefly algorithm implementation is given. Later Firefly algorithm is verified using six unimodal engineering optimization problems reported in the specialized literature.
Collision Detection and Avoidance in Computer Controlled Manipulators

The problem of planning safe tra-jectories for computer controlled manipulators with two movable links and multiple degrees of freedom is analyzed, and a solution to the problem proposed. The key features of the solution are: 1. the identification of trajectory primitives and a hierarchy of abstraction spaces that permit simple manip-ulator models, 2. the characterization of empty space by approximating it with easily describable entities called charts-the approximation is dynamic and can be selective, 3. a scheme for planning motions close to obstacles that is computationally viable, and that suggests how proximity sensors might be used to do the planning, and 4. the use of hierarchical decomposition to reduce the complexity of the planning problem. 1. INTRODUCTION the 2D and 3D solution noted, it is easy to visualize the solution for the 3D manipulator. Section 2 of this paper presents an example, and Section 3 a statement and analysis of the problem. Sections 4 and 5 present the solution. Section 6 summarizes the key ideas in the solution and indicates areas for future work. 2. AN EXAMPLE This section describes an example (Figure 2.1) of the collision detection and avoidance problem for a two-dimensional manipulator. The example highlights features of the problem and its solution. 2.1 The Problem The manipulator has two links and three degrees of freedom. The larger link, called the boom, slides back and forth and can rotate about the origin. The smaller link, called the forearm, has a rotational degree of freedom about the tip of the boom. The tip of the forearm is called the hand. S and G are the initial and final configurations of the manipulator. Any real manipulator's links will have physical dimensions. The line segment representation of the link is an abstraction; the physical dimensions can be accounted for and how this is done is described later. The problem of planning safe trajectories for computer controlled manipulators with two movable links and multiple degrees of freedom is analyzed, and a solution to the problem is presented. The trajectory planning system is initialized with a description of the part of the environment that the manipulator is to maneuver in. When given the goal position and orientation of the hand, the system plans a complete trajectory that will safely maneuver the manipulator into the goal configuration. The executive system in charge of operating the hardware uses this trajectory to physically move the manipulator. …