LLukas22/scidocs huggingface dataset:
Dual drive train for single operator fuel cell vehicle

We are developing a single person operated small fuel cell vehicle with a 1kW fuel cell, which we named the micro FCV. A dual drive train system using a small motor and a reduction system has also been designed for the micro FCV. The dual drive train is installed on the left and right sides of the vehicle. By replacing the differential gear, we intend to reduce the overall cost of the mechanism by using a smaller motor. Running experimental results revealed that the micro FCV performed as desired using the dual drive train system. This paper will present the designs of the micro FCV, the motor, the reduction system, the rear drive system, the vehicle state monitoring system, and the experimental results.
Porous hydrogels from shark skin collagen crosslinked under dense carbon dioxide atmosphere.

The possibility to fabricate marine collagen porous structures crosslinked with genipin under high pressure carbon dioxide is investigated. Collagen from shark skin is used to prepare pre-scaffolds by freeze-drying. The poor stability of the structures and low mechanical properties require crosslinking of the structures. Under dense CO2 atmosphere, crosslinking of collagen pre-scaffolds is allowed for 16 h. Additionally, the hydrogels are foamed and the scaffolds obtained present a highly porous structure. In vitro cell culture tests performed with a chondrocyte-like cell line show good cell adherence and proliferation, which is a strong indication of the potential of these scaffolds to be used in tissue cartilage tissue engineering.
Introduction to Environmental Geology

Please note this Table of Contents is from the third edition of Introduction to Geology: Part I: Foundations of Environmental Geology 1: Philosophy and Fundamental Concepts 2: Internal Structure of the Earth and Plate Tectonics 3: Minerals and Rocks Part II: Earth Processes and Natural Hazards 4: Introduction to Natural Hazards 5: Earthquakes and Related Phenomena 6: Volcanic Activity 7: Rivers and Flooding 8: Slope Processes, Landslides, and Subsidence 9: Coastal Processes 10: Impact of Extraterrestrial Objects Part III: Resources and Pollution 11: Water Resources 12: Water Pollution 13: Mineral Resources 14: Energy and Resources 15: Soils and Environment 16: Waste as a Resource: Waste Management 17: Air Pollution Part IV: Environmental Management, Global Perspectives, and Society 18: Global Climate Change 19: Geology, Society, and the Future
Measuring depression: comparison and integration of three scales in the GENDEP study.

BACKGROUND
A number of scales are used to estimate the severity of depression. However, differences between self-report and clinician rating, multi-dimensionality and different weighting of individual symptoms in summed scores may affect the validity of measurement. In this study we examined and integrated the psychometric properties of three commonly used rating scales.


METHOD
The 17-item Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HAMD-17), the Montgomery-Asberg Depression Rating Scale (MADRS) and the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) were administered to 660 adult patients with unipolar depression in a multi-centre pharmacogenetic study. Item response theory (IRT) and factor analysis were used to evaluate their psychometric properties and estimate true depression severity, as well as to group items and derive factor scores.


RESULTS
The MADRS and the BDI provide internally consistent but mutually distinct estimates of depression severity. The HAMD-17 is not internally consistent and contains several items less suitable for out-patients. Factor analyses indicated a dominant depression factor. A model comprising three dimensions, namely 'observed mood and anxiety', 'cognitive' and 'neurovegetative', provided a more detailed description of depression severity.


CONCLUSIONS
The MADRS and the BDI can be recommended as complementary measures of depression severity. The three factor scores are proposed for external validation.
Unified Algorithms for Online Learning and Competitive Analysis

Online learning and competitive analysis are two widely studied frameworks for online decision-making settings. Despite the frequent similarity of the problems they study, there are significant differences in their assumptions, goals and techniques, hindering a unified analysis and richer interplay between the two. In this paper, we provide several contributions in this direction. We provide a single unified algorithm which by parameter tuning, interpolates between optimal regret for learning from experts (in online learning) and optimal competitive ratio for the metrical task systems problem (MTS) (in competitive analysis), improving on the results of Blum and Burch (1997). The algorithm also allows us to obtain new regret bounds against “drifting” experts, which might be of independent interest. Moreover, our approach allows us to go beyond experts/MTS, obtaining similar unifying results for structured action sets and “combinatorial experts”, whenever the setting has a certain matroid structure.
Modeling of an IoT-enabled supply chain for perishable food with two-echelon supply hubs

Purpose – The huge demand for fresh goods has stimulated lots of research on the perishable food supply chain. The characteristics of perishable food and the cross-regional transportation have brought many challenges to the operation models of perishable food supply chain. The purpose of this paper is to address these challenges based on the real-time data acquired by the Internet of Things (IoT) devices. Design/methodology/approach – IoT and the modeling of the Supply Hub in Industrial Parks were adopted in the perishable food supply chain. Findings – A conceptual model was established for the IoT-enabled perishable food supply chain with two-echelon supply hubs. The performance of supply chain has improved when implementing the proposed model, as is demonstrated by a case study. Originality/value – By our model, the supply hubs which act as the dominators of the supply chain can respond to the real-time information captured from the operation processes of an IoT-enabled supply chain, thus to provide public warehousing and logistic services.
Pain and its impact on inpatient rehabilitation for acute traumatic spinal cord injury: analysis of observational data collected in the SCIRehab study.

OBJECTIVE
To describe pain during inpatient rehabilitation and its impact on delivery of inpatient rehabilitation services for persons with spinal cord injury (SCI).


DESIGN
Prospective observational study and retrospective chart review.


SETTING
Six inpatient rehabilitation facilities participating in the SCIRehab Study.


PARTICIPANTS
Patients (N=1357) receiving initial rehabilitation after traumatic SCI, for whom pain data were available.


INTERVENTIONS
Not applicable.


MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES
Self-reported rating of pain intensity (0-10), pain locations, and treatment time by various rehabilitation disciplines.


RESULTS
The vast majority of patients (97%) reported pain at least once during the rehabilitation stay, with an average pain intensity ± SD of 4.9 ± 2.4. Average pain intensity over the stay was severe (rated 7-10) for 30% of patients, moderate (4-6) for 42%, and mild (1-3) for 25%. Pain prevalence at admission was greater than at discharge (87% vs 74%), as was pain intensity (6.0 vs 4.6). Most (79%) of the 177 participants who did not have pain at admission reported pain at least once later in the rehabilitation stay, but their average high pain intensity over the stay was lower than that of the full sample (1.9 vs 4.9). Nearly half (47%) of patients reported pain at ≥ 3 locations during the stay, with the back, neck, and shoulder commonly reported. Patients with severe pain spent fewer days in rehabilitation, received less rehabilitation treatment time (hours per week and total hours), and had more treatment sessions altered in objective or content because of pain than those with lower pain levels.


CONCLUSIONS
Pain is a common problem for persons receiving inpatient rehabilitation for traumatic SCI and adversely impacts delivery of therapy services.
HPC-ABDS High Performance Computing Enhanced Apache Big Data Stack

We review the High Performance Computing Enhanced Apache Big Data Stack HPC-ABDS and summarize the capabilities in 21 identified architecture layers. These cover Message and Data Protocols, Distributed Coordination, Security & Privacy, Monitoring, Infrastructure Management, DevOps, Interoperability, File Systems, Cluster & Resource management, Data Transport, File management, NoSQL, SQL (NewSQL), Extraction Tools, Object-relational mapping, In-memory caching and databases, Inter-process Communication, Batch Programming model and Runtime, Stream Processing, High-level Programming, Application Hosting and PaaS, Libraries and Applications, Workflow and Orchestration. We summarize status of these layers focusing on issues of importance for data analytics. We highlight areas where HPC and ABDS have good opportunities for integration.
Unplanned Readmissions After Hospitalization for Severe Sepsis at Academic Medical Center-Affiliated Hospitals.

OBJECTIVE
In the United States, national efforts to reduce hospital readmissions have been enacted, including the application of substantial insurance reimbursement penalties for hospitals with elevated rates. Readmissions after severe sepsis remain understudied and could possibly signify lapses in care and missed opportunities for intervention. We sought to characterize 7- and 30-day readmission rates following hospital admission for severe sepsis as well as institutional variations in readmission.


DESIGN
Retrospective analysis of 345,657 severe sepsis discharges from University HealthSystem Consortium hospitals in 2012.


SETTING
United States.


PATIENTS
We applied the commonly cited method described by Angus et al for identification of severe sepsis, including only discharges with sepsis present at admission.


INTERVENTIONS
None.


MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS
We identified unplanned, all-cause readmissions within 7 and 30 days of discharge using claims-based algorithms. Using mixed-effects logistic regression, we determined factors associated with 30-day readmission. We used risk-standardized readmission rates to assess institutional variations. Among 216,328 eligible severe sepsis discharges, there were 14,932 readmissions within 7 days (6.9%; 95% CI, 6.8-7.0) and 43,092 within 30 days (19.9%; 95% CI, 19.8-20.1). Among those readmitted within 30 days, 66.9% had an infection and 40.3% had severe sepsis at readmission. Patient severity, length of stay, and specific diagnoses were associated with increased odds of 30-day readmission. Observed institutional 7-day readmission rates ranged from 0% to 12.3%, 30-day rates from 3.6% to 29.1%, and 30-day risk-standardized readmission rates from 14.1% to 31.1%. Greater institutional volume, teaching status, trauma services, location in the Northeast, and lower ICU rates were associated with poor risk-standardized readmission rate performance.


CONCLUSIONS
Severe sepsis readmission places a substantial burden on the healthcare system, with one in 15 and one in five severe sepsis discharges readmitted within 7 and 30 days, respectively. Hospitals and clinicians should be aware of this important sequela of severe sepsis.
Die Stacking (3D) Microarchitecture

3D die stacking is an exciting new technology that increases transistor density by vertically integrating two or more die with a dense, high-speed interface. The result of 3D die stacking is a significant reduction of interconnect both within a die and across dies in a system. For instance, blocks within a microprocessor can be placed vertically on multiple die to reduce block to block wire distance, latency, and power. Disparate Si technologies can also be combined in a 3D die stack, such as DRAM stacked on a CPU, resulting in lower power higher BW and lower latency interfaces, without concern for technology integration into a single process flow. 3D has the potential to change processor design constraints by providing substantial power and performance benefits. Despite the promising advantages of 3D, there is significant concern for thermal impact. In this research, we study the performance advantages and thermal challenges of two forms of die stacking: Stacking a large DRAM or SRAM cache on a microprocessor and dividing a traditional microarchitecture between two die in a stack Results: It is shown that a 32MB 3D stacked DRAM cache can reduce the cycles per memory access of a twothreaded RMS benchmark on average by 13% and as much as 55% while increasing the peak temperature by a negligible 0.08ºC. Off-die BW and power are also reduced by 66% on average. It is also shown that a 3D floorplan of a high performance microprocessor can simultaneously reduce power 15% and increase performance 15% with a small 14ºC increase in peak temperature. Voltage scaling can reach neutral thermals with a simultaneous 34% power reduction and 8% performance improvement.
Stress reactivity and corticolimbic response to emotional faces in adolescents.

OBJECTIVE
Adolescence is a critical period in the development of lifelong patterns of responding to stress. Understanding underpinnings of variations in stress reactivity in adolescents is important, as adolescents with altered stress reactivity are vulnerable to negative risk-taking behaviors including substance use, and have increased lifelong risk for psychopathology. Although both endocrinological and corticolimbic neural system mechanisms are implicated in the development of stress reactivity patterns, the roles of these systems and interactions between the systems in reactivity to social stimuli in adolescents are not clear. We investigated the relationship between cortisol response to a laboratory-based social stressor and regional brain responses to emotional face stimuli in adolescents.


METHOD
Changes in cortisol levels following the Trier Social Stress Test-Child version (TSST-C) were measured in 23 disadvantaged and chronically stressed adolescents who also participated in functional magnetic resonance imaging during processing of emotional faces and structural magnetic resonance imaging. The relationships between changes in cortisol following the TSST-C with regional brain activation during face processing, as well as with regional brain morphology, were assessed.


RESULTS
Cortisol change on the TSST-C showed a significant inverse relationship with left hippocampus response to fearful faces (p < .05, corrected); significant associations with volume were not observed.


CONCLUSIONS
Increased cortisol response to the Trier social stressor was associated with diminished response of the left hippocampus to faces depicting fear. This suggests that HPA-corticolimbic system mechanisms may underlie vulnerability to maladaptive responses to stress in adolescents that may contribute to development of stress-related disorders.
Capturing Hand-Object Interaction and Reconstruction of Manipulated Objects

by Dimitrios Tzionas for the degree of Doctor rerum naturalium Hand motion capture with an RGB-D sensor gained recently a lot of research attention, however, even most recent approaches focus on the case of a single isolated hand. We focus instead on hands that interact with other hands or with a rigid or articulated object. Our framework successfully captures motion in such scenarios by combining a generative model with discriminatively trained salient points, collision detection and physics simulation to achieve a low tracking error with physically plausible poses. All components are unified in a single objective function that can be optimized with standard optimization techniques. We initially assume a-priori knowledge of the object’s shape and skeleton. In case of unknown object shape there are existing 3d reconstruction methods that capitalize on distinctive geometric or texture features. These methods though fail for textureless and highly symmetric objects like household articles, mechanical parts or toys. We show that extracting 3d hand motion for in-hand scanning e↵ectively facilitates the reconstruction of such objects and we fuse the rich additional information of hands into a 3d reconstruction pipeline. Finally, although shape reconstruction is enough for rigid objects, there is a lack of tools that build rigged models of articulated objects that deform realistically using RGB-D data. We propose a method that creates a fully rigged model consisting of a watertight mesh, embedded skeleton and skinning weights by employing a combination of deformable mesh tracking, motion segmentation based on spectral clustering and skeletonization based on mean curvature flow. To my family Maria, Konstantinos, Glyka. In the loving memory of giagià 'Olga & pappo‘c Giànnhc. (Olga Matoula & Ioannis Matoulas) πste ô yuqò πsper ô qe–r ‚stin· ka» gÄr ô qe»r ÓrganÏn ‚stin Êrgànwn, ka» Â no‹c e⁄doc e d¿n ka» ô a“sjhsic e⁄doc a sjht¿n.
Statins and breast cancer stage and mortality in the Women’s Health Initiative

To evaluate the association between statins and breast cancer stage and mortality in the Women’s Health Initiative. The study population included 128,675 postmenopausal women aged 50–79 years, out of which there were 7,883 newly diagnosed cases of in situ (19 %), local (61 %)-, regional (19 %)- and distant (1 %)-stage breast cancer and 401 deaths due to breast cancer after an average of 11.5 (SD = 3.7) years of follow-up. Stage was coded using SEER criteria and was stratified into early (in situ and local)- versus late (regional and distant)-stage disease. Information on statins and other risk factors were collected by self- and interviewer-administered questionnaires. Cause of death was based on medical record review. Multivariable-adjusted hazards ratios (HR) and 95 % confidence intervals (CIs) evaluating the relationship between statin use (at baseline only and in a time-dependent manner) and diagnosis of late-stage breast cancer and breast cancer-specific mortality were computed from Cox proportional hazards analyses after adjusting for appropriate confounders. Statins were used by 10,474 women (8 %) at baseline. In the multivariable-adjusted time-dependent model, use of lipophilic statins was associated with a reduction in diagnosis of late-stage breast cancer (HR 0.80, 95 % CI 0.64–0.98, p = 0.035) which was also significant among women with estrogen receptor-positive disease (HR 0.72, 95 % CI 0.56–0.93, p = 0.012). Breast cancer mortality was marginally lower in statin users compared with nonusers (HR 0.59, 95 % CI 0.32–1.06, p = 0.075). Prior statin use is associated with lower breast cancer stage at diagnosis.
Determinants of outcome in anticoagulation-associated cerebral hematoma requiring emergency evacuation.

OBJECTIVE
To analyze the likelihood of recovery and prognostic factors in patients with massive anticoagulation-associated intracerebral hemorrhage treated with surgical evacuation after reversal of anticoagulation.


DESIGN
Retrospective case series.


SETTING
Neurological-Neurosurgical Intensive Care Unit at Mayo Clinic. Patients Seventeen consecutive patients with large anticoagulation-associated intracerebral hemorrhage. Intervention Surgical evacuation of intracerebral hemorrhage. Main Outcome Measure Functional outcome was assessed using the modified Rankin scale.


RESULTS
Before surgery, all patients had pronounced (>1-cm) shift of the septum pellucidum and one third had clinical signs of uncal herniation. Still, favorable outcome (modified Rankin scale score < or =3) was achieved by 11 patients (65%). All patients with good recovery awoke within 36 hours of surgery. Older age (P = .05) and serious systemic complications after surgery (P<.01) were significantly associated with lack of neurological recovery and fatal outcome.


CONCLUSIONS
Emergency surgery for select deteriorating patients with large anticoagulation-associated intracerebral hemorrhage is compatible with favorable outcome despite the presence of clinical and radiological signs of herniation before the evacuation.
Comparison of three manual coccydynia treatments: a pilot study.

STUDY DESIGN
A prospective pilot study with independent assessment and a 2-year follow-up period was conducted.


OBJECTIVES
To compare and assess the efficacy of three manual coccydynia treatments, and to identify factors predictive of a good outcome.


SUMMARY OF BACKGROUND DATA
Various manual medicine treatments have been described in the literature. In an open study, the addition of manipulation to injection treatment produced a 25% increase in satisfactory results. Dynamic radiographs of the coccyx allow breakdown of coccydynia into four etiologic groups based on coccygeal mobility: luxation, hypermobility, immobility, and normal mobility. These groups may respond differently to manual treatments.


METHODS
The patients were randomized into three groups, each of which received three to four sessions of a different treatment: levator anus massage, joint mobilization, or mild levator stretch. Assessment with a visual analog scale was performed by an independent observer at 7 days, 30 days, 6 months, and 2 years.


RESULTS
The results of the manual treatments were satisfactory for 25.7% of the cases at 6 months, and for 24.3% of the cases at 2 years. The results varied with the cause of the coccydynia. The patients with an immobile coccyx had the poorest results, whereas those with a normally mobile coccyx fared the best. The patients with luxation or hypermobility had results somewhere between these two rates. Levator anus massage and stretch were more effective than joint mobilization, which worked only for patients with a normally mobile coccyx. Pain when patients stood up from sitting and excessive levator tone were associated with a good outcome. However, none of the results was significant because of the low success rate associated with manual treatment.


CONCLUSIONS
There is a need for a placebo-controlled study to establish conclusively whether manual treatments are effective. This placebo must be an external treatment. A sample size of 190 patients would be required for 80% confidence in detecting a difference.