LLukas22/scidocs huggingface dataset:
Development of Textile Antennas for Body Wearable Applications and Investigations on Their Performance Under Bent Conditions

Utilization of wearable textile materials for the development of microstrip antenna segment has been rapid due to the recent miniaturization of wireless devices. A wearable antenna is meant to be a part of the clothing used for communication purposes, which includes tracking and navigation, mobile computing and public safety. This paper describes design and development of four rectangular patch antennas employing different varieties of cotton and polyester clothing for on-body wireless communications in the 2.45GHz WLAN band. The impedance and radiation characteristics are determined experimentally when the antennas are kept in flat position. The performance deterioration of a wearable antenna is analyzed under bent conditions too to check compatibility with wearable applications. Results demonstrate the suitability of these patch antennas for on-body wireless communications.
Cosmological and astrophysical aspects of finite density QCD

The different phases of QCD at finite temperature and density lead to interesting effects in cosmology and astrophysics. In this work I review some aspects of the cosmological QCD transition and of astrophysics at high baryon density.
What's in a translation rule?

We propose a theory that gives formal semantics to word-level alignments defined over parallel corpora. We use our theory to introduce a linear algorithm that can be used to derive from word-aligned, parallel corpora the minimal set of syntactically motivated transformation rules that explain human translation data.
NON-SPEECH ENVIRONMENTAL SOUND CLASSIFICATION USING SVMS WITH A NEW SET OF FEATURES

Mel Frequency Cepstrum Coefficients (MFCCs) are considered as a method of stationary/pseudo-stationary feature extraction. They work very well for the classification of speech and music signals. MFCCs have also been used to classify non-speech sounds for audio surveillance systems, even though MFCCs do not completely reflect the time-varying features of non-stationary non-speech signals. We introduce a new 2D-feature set, used with a feature extraction method based on the pitch range (PR) of non-speech sounds and the Autocorrelation Function. We compare the classification accuracies of the proposed features of this new method to MFCCs by using Support Vector Machines (SVMs) and Radial Basis Function Neural Network classifiers. Non-speech environmental sounds: gunshot, glass breaking, scream, dog barking, rain, engine, and restaurant noise, were studied. The new feature set provides high accuracy rates when used as a classifier. Its usage with MFCCs significantly improves the accuracy rates of the given classifiers in the range of 4% to 35% depending on the classifier used, suggesting that both feature sets are complementary. SVM classifier using the Gaussian kernel provided the highest accuracy rates among the classifiers used in this study.
Experimental implementation of an Invariant Extended Kalman Filter-based scan matching SLAM

We describe an application of the Invariant Extended Kalman Filter (IEKF) design methodology to the scan matching SLAM problem. We review the theoretical foundations of the IEKF and its practical interest of guaranteeing robustness to poor state estimates, then implement the filter on a wheeled robot hardware platform. The proposed design is successfully validated in experimental testing.
Evaluation of bone thickness in the anterior hard palate relative to midsagittal orthodontic implants.

PURPOSE
The Straumann Orthosystem (Institut Straumann, Waldenburg, Switzerland) describes a technique that involves placement of titanium implants (4 or 6 mm long and 3.3 mm in diameter) into the midsagittal hard palate for orthodontic anchorage. The aim of this study was to determine the quantity of bone in the midline of the anterior hard palate, and specifically the thickness inferior to the incisive canal.


MATERIALS AND METHODS
Twenty-five dry skulls were radiographed with a standardized cephalometric technique. The vertical thickness of the midsagittal palate was then measured to the nearest tenth of a millimeter. Next, gutta-percha was injected into the incisive canal, and the radiograph was repeated. The bone thicknesses were then measured from the inferior hard palate to the most Inferior part of the radiopaque canal. This is defined as the actual bone available for the implant without violating the canal.


RESULTS
The measurements have shown that an average of 8.6 +/- 1.3 mm of bone is theoretically available for the implant. However, considering the canal (where only bone thickness inferior to it is utilized and measured), only 4.3 +/- 1.6 mm of bone exists. The canal itself averaged 2.5 +/- 0.6 mm in diameter.


DISCUSSION
Prior studies have overestimated the amount of bone available for implants in the median hard palate. The main reason for this is that the incisive canal is not well visualized on cephalometric radiographs of live patients.


CONCLUSION
This study supports the continued use of implants, as approximately 50% of skulls still had the requisite minimum 4 mm of bone inferior to the incisive canal for maximum osseointegration with the 4-mm implants. However, 6-mm implants should be used with caution.
Efficient 3D scene abstraction using line segments

Extracting 3D information from a moving camera is traditionally based on interest point detection and matching. This is especially challenging in urban indoorand outdoor environments, where the number of distinctive interest points is naturally limited. While common Structure-from-Motion (SfM) approaches usually manage to obtain the correct camera poses, the number of accurate 3D points is very small due to the low number of matchable features. Subsequent Multi-view Stereo approaches may help to overcome this problem, but suffer from a high computational complexity. We propose a novel approach for the task of 3D scene abstraction, which uses straight line segments as underlying features. We use purely geometric constraints to match 2D line segments from different images, and formulate the reconstruction procedure as a graph-clustering problem. We show that our method generates accurate 3D models with low computational costs, which makes it especially useful for large-scale urban datasets. © 2016 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
Reliability and validity of a modified PHQ-9 item inventory (PHQ-12) as a screening instrument for assessing depression in Asian Indians (CURES-65).

OBJECTIVES
To evaluate the validity and reliability of the modified Patient Health Questionnaire(PHQ) 12 item instrument as a screening tool for assessing depression compared to the PHQ-9 in a representative south Indian urban population.


METHODS
The Chennai Urban Rural Epidemiology Study [CURES] is a large cross-sectional study conducted in Chennai, South India. In Phase 1 of CURES(urban component), 26,001 individuals aged > or =20 years individuals were selected by a systematic sampling technique of whom one hundred subjects were randomly selected, using computer-generated numbers, for this validation study. Two self-reported questionnaires (modified PHQ-12 item and PHQ-9 item) were administered to the subjects to compare their effectiveness in detecting depression. Reliability and validity were assessed and Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curves were plotted. Pearson's correlation was used to compare the two questionnaires.


RESULTS
The mean age of the study was 38.6 +/- 11.6 years and 48% were males. Pearson's correlation coefficient between the modified PHQ-12 and the PHQ-9 item was 0.913 [p < 0.0001]. Factor Analysis revealed that the modified PHQ-12 item scale can be used as a unidimensional scale and had excellent internal consistency (Cronbach's alpha: 0.88). A cut point of >4 calculated using the ROC curves for the modified PHQ-12 item had the highest sensitivity (92.0%) and specificity (90.7%) using PHQ-9 as the gold standard. The positive predictive value was 76.7%, and the negative predictive value, 97.1% and the area under the ROC curve, 0.979 (95% Confidence Interval: 0.929 - 0.997, p < 0.0001).


CONCLUSION
The modified PHQ-12 item is a valid and reliable instrument for large scale population based screening of depression in Asian Indians and a cut point score of greater than 4 gave the highest sensitivity and specificity.
Evaluation of the FICA Tool for Spiritual Assessment.

CONTEXT
The National Consensus Project for Quality Palliative Care includes spiritual care as one of the eight clinical practice domains. There are very few standardized spirituality history tools.


OBJECTIVES
The purpose of this pilot study was to test the feasibility for the Faith, Importance and Influence, Community, and Address (FICA) Spiritual History Tool in clinical settings. Correlates between the FICA qualitative data and quality of life (QOL) quantitative data also were examined to provide additional insight into spiritual concerns.


METHODS
The framework of the FICA tool includes Faith or belief, Importance of spirituality, individual's spiritual Community, and interventions to Address spiritual needs. Patients with solid tumors were recruited from ambulatory clinics of a comprehensive cancer center. Items assessing aspects of spirituality within the Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy QOL tools were used, and all patients were assessed using the FICA. The sample (n=76) had a mean age of 57, and almost half were of diverse religions.


RESULTS
Most patients rated faith or belief as very important in their lives (mean 8.4; 0-10 scale). FICA quantitative ratings and qualitative comments were closely correlated with items from the QOL tools assessing aspects of spirituality.


CONCLUSION
Findings suggest that the FICA tool is a feasible tool for clinical assessment of spirituality. Addressing spiritual needs and concerns in clinical settings is critical in enhancing QOL. Additional use and evaluation by clinicians of the FICA Spiritual Assessment Tool in usual practice settings are needed.
The evolution of society.

Although the social mechanisms responsible for the development and maintenance of societies in animals and man have fascinated and intrigued philosophers and scientists since classical times, the first systematic consideration of their evolution appears in the Origin of species (Darwin 1859/1958). Much of Darwin’s thinking about the evolution of societies in animals and humans has a distinctly modern feel about it and he commonly anticipates theoretical developments that only occurred 100 years later. Although he did not confront the problem of altruistic behaviour directly, he was aware of the challenge to his theory posed by the evolution of sterile castes in some social insects (Darwin 1859/1958). In Chapter VIII of the ‘Origin of species’, he describes how he thought, at first, that this was fatal to his whole theory of natural selection. Then, in a paragraph that presages Hamilton’s subsequent extension of evolutionary theory, he describes how he realised that ‘the problem is lessened, or, as I believe, disappears, when it is remembered that selection may be applied to the family, as well as to the individual, and may thus gain the desired end.’ (Darwin 1859, p. 230). In The descent of man (1871), Darwin turned to the evolution of human societies. In Chapter VI, he stresses the contrast between humans and other animals ‘I fully subscribe to the judgement of those writers who maintain that of all the differences between man and the lesser animals, the moral sense or conscience is by far the most important’ (The descent of man, p. 97). He then goes on to argue that the evolution of mutual assistance and the moral senses in humans and other animals are maintained by benefits shared by members of cooperative groups, a suggestion that clearly parallels modern theories of social evolution (Boyd & Richerson 1996; Clutton-Brock 2002). He goes on to point out that many animals live in groups and cooperate with each other and describes how ‘wolves and some other beasts of prey hunt in packs, and aid one another in attacking their victims’, how ‘pelicans fish in concert’ and ‘social animals mutually defend each other’. He describes how vervet monkeys stretch out and groom each others coats and ends by telling a story illustrating the benefits of cooperation:
Challenges and Opportunities for Implementing Integrated Mental Health Care: A District Level Situation Analysis from Five Low- and Middle-Income Countries

BACKGROUND
Little is known about how to tailor implementation of mental health services in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) to the diverse settings encountered within and between countries. In this paper we compare the baseline context, challenges and opportunities in districts in five LMICs (Ethiopia, India, Nepal, South Africa and Uganda) participating in the PRogramme for Improving Mental health carE (PRIME). The purpose was to inform development and implementation of a comprehensive district plan to integrate mental health into primary care.


METHODS
A situation analysis tool was developed for the study, drawing on existing tools and expert consensus. Cross-sectional information obtained was largely in the public domain in all five districts.


RESULTS
The PRIME study districts face substantial contextual and health system challenges many of which are common across sites. Reliable information on existing treatment coverage for mental disorders was unavailable. Particularly in the low-income countries, many health service organisational requirements for mental health care were absent, including specialist mental health professionals to support the service and reliable supplies of medication. Across all sites, community mental health literacy was low and there were no models of multi-sectoral working or collaborations with traditional or religious healers. Nonetheless health system opportunities were apparent. In each district there was potential to apply existing models of care for tuberculosis and HIV or non-communicable disorders, which have established mechanisms for detection of drop-out from care, outreach and adherence support. The extensive networks of community-based health workers and volunteers in most districts provide further opportunities to expand mental health care.


CONCLUSIONS
The low level of baseline health system preparedness across sites underlines that interventions at the levels of health care organisation, health facility and community will all be essential for sustainable delivery of quality mental health care integrated into primary care.
Explorer Image Pivoting for Learning Multilingual Multimodal Representations

In this paper we propose a model to learn multimodal multilingual representations for matching images and sentences in different languages, with the aim of advancing multilingual versions of image search and image understanding. Our model learns a common representation for images and their descriptions in two different languages (which need not be parallel) by considering the image as a pivot between two languages. We introduce a new pairwise ranking loss function which can handle both symmetric and asymmetric similarity between the two modalities. We evaluate our models on image-description ranking for German and English, and on semantic textual similarity of image descriptions in English. In both cases we achieve state-of-the-art performance.
Use of mental health counseling as adolescents become young adults.

PURPOSE
Despite parallels in mental health needs among adolescents and young adults, there is a paucity of evidence regarding use of mental health services in young adulthood. Using a longitudinal sample, this study compares rates of mental health counseling use between adolescents and young adults, examines characteristics and predictors of counseling use for young adults, and identifies reasons for foregone care among those with mental health needs in young adulthood.


METHODS
Secondary data analysis was conducted on a nationally representative sample of 10,817 participants from the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent Health. Data were derived from an initial survey collected in 1995 (mean age, 15.8 years) and a follow-up survey collected 7 years later (mean age, 21.5 years).


RESULTS
Among individuals with depressive symptomology, young adults reported significantly lower rates of counseling use compared with adolescents. When taking into account the severity of mental health problems, female gender, high maternal education, school attendance, and receipt of routine physical examinations were significantly predictive of counseling use among young adults. Young adults of black ethnicity were significantly less likely to receive counseling compared with those of white ethnicity. Overall, 4% of young adults reported foregoing health care in the past year, despite self-reported mental health needs. Inability to pay, belief that the problem would go away, and lack of time were commonly cited reasons for any type of foregone health care. However, concerns regarding physician's care (i.e., fear of what the doctor would say or do, and belief that the doctor would be unable to help) were more frequently mentioned by those who acknowledged a need for counseling services.


CONCLUSIONS
Low rates of mental health counseling persist from adolescence to young adulthood. Findings such as increased counseling service use among those receiving routine physical examinations, as well as reported concerns of physician care, point to possible areas of intervention within the pediatric community.
O-MaSE: A Customizable Approach to Developing Multiagent Development Processes

This paper describes the Organization-based Multiagent System Engineering (O-MaSE) Process Framework, which helps process engineers define custom multiagent systems development processes. O-MaSE builds off the MaSE methodology and is adapted from the OPEN Process Framework (OPF). OPF implements a Method Engineering approach to process construction. The goal of O-MaSE is to allow designers to create customized agent-oriented software development processes. O-MaSE consists of three basic structures: (1) a metamodel, (2) a set of methods fragments, and (3) a set of guidelines. The O-MaSE metamodel defines the key concepts needed to design and implement multiagent systems. The method fragments are operations or tasks that are executed to produce a set of work products, which may include models, documents, or code. The guidelines define how the method fragments are related to one another. The paper also shows two O-MaSE process examples.
Evaluation of liver fibrosis by transient elastography in methotrexate treated patients.

BACKGROUND AND AIMS
Methotrexate (MTX) safety is questioned by the risk of inducing liver fibrosis (LF). As transient elastography (FibroScan®) is an effective non-invasive technique to evaluate LF, our aims were to assess LF in MTX-treated patients, to evaluate LF regarding treatment duration and cumulative dose, and to determine differences depending on the underlying disease.


PATIENTS AND METHODS
Prospective study including patients with rheumatoid arthritis, inflammatory bowel disease, and psoriasis treated with MTX. Hepatic stiffness was determined by FibroScan®. The LF cut-off values were established using METAVIR score.


RESULTS
Of 53 patients, 22 were men (41.5%), mean age was 55 (15) years, 17 (32%) had rheumatoid arthritis, 18 (34%) inflammatory bowel disease, and 18 (34%) psoriasis. Mean MTX cumulative dose was 1,805 (1,560) mg, and mean treatment duration was 178 weeks. Mean hepatic stiffness was 6.19 (2.43) KPa. In 49 patients (92.5%), absence/mild LF was found (F ≤ 2), and 4 patients (7.5%) had advanced LF (F ≥ 3). Treatment duration or cumulative doses of MTX were not associated with LF.


CONCLUSIONS
Regarding LF development, MTX therapy is safe. FibroScan® is useful for monitoring LF in MTX-treated patients.
A FRAME THEORY PRIMER FOR THE KADISON-SINGER PROBLEM

This is a primer on frame theory geared towards the parts of the theory needed for people who want to understand the relationship between the Kadison-Singer Problem and frame theory.
Impact of Small and Medium Enterprises on Economic Growth and Development

This paper seeks to investigate Small and Medium Enterprises as a veritable tool in Economic Growth and Development. A survey method was used to gather data from 200 SME/Entrepreneurial officers and Managers from five selected local government in Nigeria namely; Ijebu North, Yewa South, Sagamu, Odeda and Ogun Waterside Local government. Data was collected with a structured questionnaire and analyzed with several descriptive statistics to identify the perception of the roles of SMEs in Nigeria. The results of the study therefore reveals that the most common constraints hindering small and medium scale business growth in Nigeria are lack of financial support, poor management, corruption, lack of training and experience, poor infrastructure, insufficient profits, and low demand for product and services. Hence, it therefore recommends that Government should as matter of urgency assist prospective entrepreneurs to have access to finance and necessary information relating to business opportunities, modern technology, raw materials, market, plant and machinery which would enable them to reduce their operating cost and be more efficient to meet the market competitions.
Tailoring shear banding behaviors in high entropy bulk metallic glass by minor Sn addition: A nanoindentation study

Abstract The present work investigated systematically the glass forming ability, the mechanical properties and the shear deformation of the TiZrHfCuBe high entropy bulk metallic glass (HE-BMG) with minor Sn addition. The results revealed that the glass forming ability and the thermal stability are enhanced by minor Sn addition but within a rather limited composition range. A nanoindentation study of the mechanical response in the (TiZrHfCuBe) 1- x Sn x ( x  = 0, 1, 2 and 3 at. %) HE-BMGs showed that the structural heterogeneity caused by Sn addition resulted in higher hardness, larger number of shear bands and smaller size of shear transformation zone, ascribing to the positive enthalpy of mixing between the Sn and Cu/Be elements. A statistical analysis of the serrated flow revealed that the chemical heterogeneities promote a relatively large population of shear deformation units and lead to multiple nucleation of shear bands. The present work might has implications in establishing the link between minor element addition and structure heterogeneity, which is of critical importance for understanding of shear banding behaviors in BMGs.
Why Bank Governance is Different

This paper reviews the pattern of bank failures during the financial crisis and asks whether there was a link with corporate governance. It revisits the theory of bank governance and suggests a multiconstituency approach that emphasizes the role of weak creditors. The empirical evidence suggests that, on average, banks with stronger risk officers, less independent boards, and executives with less variable remuneration incurred fewer losses. There is no evidence that institutional shareholders opposed aggressive risk-taking. The Financial Stability Board published Principles for Sound Compensation Practices in 2009, and the Basel Committee on Banking Supervision issued principles for enhancing corporate governance in 1999, 2006, and 2010. The reports have in common that shareholders retain residual control and executive pay continues to be aligned with shareholder interests. However, we argue that bank governance is different and requires more radical departures from traditional governance for non-financial firms.