LLukas22/scidocs huggingface dataset:
Clinical, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, and Histopathologic Findings in 6 Dogs with Surgically resected Extraparenchymal Spinal Cord Hematomas

BACKGROUND
Extraparenchymal spinal cord hematoma has been described in veterinary medicine in association with neoplasia, intervertebral disk disease, and snake envenomation. There are rare reports of spontaneous extraparenchymal spinal cord hematoma formation with no known cause in human medicine. Multiple cases of spontaneous extraparenchymal spinal cord hematoma have not been described previously in veterinary medicine.


OBJECTIVES
To describe the signalment, clinical findings, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) features, and surgical outcomes in histopathologically confirmed extraparenchymal spinal cord hematomas in dogs with no identified underlying etiology.


ANIMALS
Six dogs had MRI of the spinal cord, decompressive spinal surgery, and histopathologic confirmation of extraparenchymal spinal cord hematoma not associated with an underlying cause.


METHODS
Multi-institutional retrospective study.


RESULTS
Six patients had spontaneous extraparenchymal spinal cord hematoma formation. MRI showed normal signal within the spinal cord parenchyma in all patients. All hematomas had T2-weighted hyperintensity and the majority (5/6) had no contrast enhancement. All dogs underwent surgical decompression and most patients (5/6) returned to normal or near normal neurologic function postoperatively. Follow-up of the patients (ranging between 921 and 1,446 days) showed no progression of neurologic clinical signs or any conditions associated with increased bleeding tendency.


CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL IMPORTANCE
Before surgery and histopathology confirming extraparenchymal hematoma, the primary differential in most cases was neoplasia, based on the MRI findings. This retrospective study reminds clinicians of the importance of the combination of advanced imaging combined with histopathologic diagnosis. The prognosis for spontaneous spinal cord extraparenchymal hematoma with surgical decompression appears to be favorable in most cases.
World gold prices and stock returns in China: insights for hedging and diversification strategies

In this paper we make use of several multivariate G ARCH models (CCC-, DCC-, BEKK-, diagonal BEKK-, and VAR-GARCH) to investigate both return an d volatility spillovers between world gold prices and stock market in China over the period fr m March 22, 2004 through March 31, 2011. We also analyze the optimal weights and hedge ratios f or gold-stock portfolio holdings and show how empirical results can be used to build effective dive rsification and hedging strategy. Our results show evidence of significant return and volatility cross e ffects between gold prices and stock prices in Chin a. In particular, past gold returns play a crucial rol e in explaining the dynamics of conditional return and volatility of Chinese stock market and should thus be accounted for when forecasting future stock returns. Our portfolio analysis suggests that adding gold to a portfolio of Chinese stocks improves its risk-adjusted return and that gold risk exposures c an be effectively hedged in portfolios of stocks ov er time. Finally, we show that the VAR-GARCH model per forms better than the other multivariate GARCH models.
Sources of occupational stress and coping strategies among nurses who are working in Admission and Emergency Department in Hospitals affiliated to Shiraz University of Medical Sciences,Iran

BACKGROUND: Occupational stress is a recognized problem in health care workers. Nursing has been identified as an occupation that has high levels of stress. This study aimed to investigate the sources of job stress and the adopted coping strategies of nurses who were working in Accident and emergency department. METHODS: In this descriptive survey ninety emergency ward nurses from three large teaching hospitals in Shiraz City, Iran, were involved in the study. The data was collected through a self-administered questionnaire to identify the sources of job stress and nurse’s profile and Lazarous standard questionnaires to determine the types of coping strategies. RESULTS: The greatest proportion of respondents was women (86.7%), range 23-50 years, had less than 5 years of experience (56.7%). The following stressors were identified: problem related to physical environment, work load, dealing with patients or their relatives and handling their anger, being exposed to health and safety hazards, lack of support by nursing administrators, a physician not being present in a medical emergency and lack of equipment. The most common strategy used by nurses was self-controlling and Positive Reappraisal and the strategy least used were accepting responsibility. In this study large proportion of nurses used an emotion-focused strategy but Problem-focused approaches were generally less used. CONCLUSIONS: It was concluded that the coping scales, positive reappraisal and self-controlling are extremely important in Sources of occupational stress and coping strategies among nurs... http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3127386/?repor... 1 of 9 9/27/11 1:28 PM emergency department nurses.
Randomised controlled trial of swaddling versus massage in the management of excessive crying in infants with cerebral injuries.

BACKGROUND
Infants with neonatal cerebral insults are susceptible to excessive crying as a result of difficulties with self-regulation.


AIMS
To compare the effectiveness of swaddling versus massage therapy in the management of excessive crying of infants with cerebral insults.


METHODS
Randomised three-week parallel comparison of the efficacy of two intervention methods. Infants with symptoms of troublesome crying and their parents were randomly assigned to a swaddling intervention group (n = 13) or a massage intervention group (n = 12).


RESULTS
The amount of total daily crying decreased significantly in the swaddling group, but did not decrease significantly in the massage group. Infant behavioural profiles and maternal anxiety levels improved significantly in the swaddling group post-intervention. Parents in the swaddling group were more satisfied with the effectiveness of the intervention in reducing crying than parents in the massage group.


CONCLUSION
Results indicate that swaddling may be more effective than massage intervention in reducing crying in infants with cerebral injuries.
Age Determination from Radiological Investigation of Epiphyseal Appearance and Fusion around Wrist Joint : A Cross-Sectional Study from Khammam Region

Determination of the age of an individual from the appearance and the fusion of the ossification centers is considered a reasonable well accepted method in the field of medical and legal professions. The challenges encountered while determining the age of a bone vary from place to place depending on the geographic terrain, climatic, dietetic, hereditary, disease & other factors. Therefore aim of this study was to ascertain status of epiphyseal fusion of long bones at wrist joint for determination of age. The study comprised of a total 296 subjects in the age groups from 11 to 21 years from Khammam region. X-rays of the both elbow joints and bilateral wrist joint were taken in antero-posterior view. The films were studied radiologically by interpreting the ossification into stages. Complete fusion of distal end of ulna with its shaft was seen in the age group of 16-17 years in males and 15-16 years in females and 100% complete epiphyseal fusion at wrist joint was noticed at the age of 18-19 years in males and 17-18 years in females. Ages of bilateral complete union of epiphysis around wrist joint i.e. for lower end of radius and ulna both, it is found to be 17-18 years for girls &18-19 years for boys in Khammam region.
An Empirical Assessment of Hotel Departmental Managers Turnover Intentions: The Impact of Organizational Justice

This paper investigates the relationship between organizational justice (OJ) and turnover intentions (TI) among the lower and middle-level hotel departmental managers. Organizational justice, comprising three-dimensional measures of distributive justice (DJ), procedural justice (PJ), and interactional justice (IJ) was measured through inferential statistics. Distributive justice and procedural justice had a significant negative effect on managers’ turnover intentions while interactional justice did not support the proposed relationship. The perceptions of fairness of reward allocation and procedure received in organizations prompt the lower and middle hotel departmental managers to reciprocate their turnover intention behaviour. These research findings offer some insight for the hotel top management into how to prevent their valuable managers from leaving the organization.
Organizational justice and job insecurity as mediators of the effect of emotional intelligence on job satisfaction: A study from China

The current study aimed to explore how individual difference in emotional intelligence influenced job satisfaction, and mainly focused on the confirmation of the mediator roles of organizational justice and job insecurity. A total of 420 staffs from a large-scale IT enterprise in China completed the self-reported emotional intelligence scale, the organizational justice scale, the job insecurity scale and Minnesota job satisfaction questionnaire. The results revealed that emotional intelligence, organizational justice, job insecurity and job satisfaction were significantly correlated with each other. Structural equation modeling indicated that emotional intelligence can significantly influence job satisfaction and the relationship between EI and satisfaction was partially mediated by organizational justice and job
1 From Presence Towards Consciousness

Immersive virtual environments can break the deep everyday connection between where our senses tell us that we are and where we actually are located and whom we are with. ‘Presence research’ studies the phenomenon of acting and feeling that we are in the world created by computer displays. We argue that presence is a phenomenon worthy of study by neuroscientists and may help towards the study of consciousness, since it may be regarded as consciousness within a restricted domain. Suppose that you are in a place that you know to be fictitious. It is not a ‘place’ at all in any physical sense, but an illusion created by a virtual reality system. You know that there is no place, and you know that the events you see, hear and feel that are happening there are not really events in the every day physical meaning of that word. You are conscious of that ‘place’ and those ‘events’, and simultaneously conscious of that the fact that there is no place and there are no events. Yet, you find yourself thinking, feeling and behaving as if that place were real, and as if those events were happening. For example, you see a deep precipice in front of you that you know is not really there in a physical sense. Your heart races and you are frightened enough by what you see to be very reluctant to move yourself closer to the edge. From a cognitive point of view you know that there is nothing there, but both unconsciously (e.g., heart rate) and consciously (your awareness of your own fear) you respond as if there is something there. How is this possible? This paradox, observed daily in virtual reality laboratories around the world, is at the root of the concept of ‘presence’ studied by virtual reality specialists, and also relates to many of the concepts studied by neuroscientists ranging from perception through to the consciousness.
Neurologic symptoms and diagnosis in adults with mast cell disease

OBJECTIVE
To identify complications of mastocytosis that impact the nervous system across a large cohort.


PATIENTS AND METHODS
In this retrospective series, we reviewed the electronic medical records of adult patients with a diagnosis of mastocytosis who were referred to a Neurologist at Mayo Clinic in Rochester, MN from January 1, 1999 to December 31, 2008.


RESULTS
Thirty patients were identified who presented to a Neurologist with symptoms potentially related to the mast cell disease. Twelve of these patients presented with complex spells involving syncope, which frequently preceded a formal diagnosis of mastocytosis. Nine individuals presented with acute back pain which was ultimately deemed symptomatic of vertebral compression fractures. One individual experienced spinal cord compression from a vertebral mast cell infiltrate. Headaches were reported in 78/223 (35%) total patients with mastocytosis. Although details of headaches were insufficiently ascertained to diagnose most, the five individuals in our referral cohort met International Headache Society (IHS) criteria for migraine. Finally, three individuals (1.3%) were identified with multiple sclerosis occurring at variable times after the mast cell diagnosis.


CONCLUSION
Symptoms related to mastocytosis may be encountered by neurologists and mimic many common, often idiopathic syndromes including, syncopal spells, back pain, and headache. In our cohort, multiple sclerosis may be over-represented. Mastocytosis should be considered in patients with these presentations, especially when also accompanied by flushing, abdominal cramping or diarrhea.
Validation of a Greek version of PSS-14; a global measure of perceived stress.

AIM
To evaluate validity of the Greek version of a global measure of perceived stress PSS-14 (Perceived Stress Scale - 14 item).


MATERIALS AND METHODS
The original PSS-14 (theoretical range 0-56) was translated into Greek and then back-translated. One hundred men and women (39 +/- 10 years old, 40 men) participated in the validation process. Firstly, participants completed the Greek PSS-14 and, then they were interviewed by a psychologist specializing in stress management. Cronbach's alpha (a) evaluated internal consistency of the measurement, whereas Kendall's tau-b and Bland & Altman methods assessed consistency with the clinical evaluation. Exploratory and Confirmatory Factor analyses were conducted to reveal hidden factors within the data and to confirm the two-dimensional character of the scale.


RESULTS
Mean (SD) PSS-14 score was 25(7.9). Strong internal consistency (Cronbach's alpha = 0.847) as well as moderate-to-good concordance between clinical assessment and PSS-14 (Kendall's tau-b = 0.43, p < 0.01) were observed. Two factors were extracted. Factor one explained 34.7% of variability and was heavily laden by positive items, and factor two that explained 10.6% of the variability by negative items. Confirmatory factor analysis revealed that the model with 2 factors had chi-square equal to 241.23 (p < 0.001), absolute fix indexes were good (i.e. GFI = 0.733, AGFI = 0.529), and incremental fix indexes were also adequate (i.e. NFI = 0.89 and CFI = 0.92).


CONCLUSION
The developed Greek version of PSS-14 seems to be a valid instrument for the assessment of perceived stress in the Greek adult population living in urban areas; a finding that supports its local use in research settings as an evaluation tool measuring perceived stress, mainly as a risk factor but without diagnostic properties.
Empirical methods for artificial intelligence

This book fills a long-standing void on the bookshelves of AI researchers. It provides practical guidelines on how to conduct empirical research in AI. Although I've been doing experimental AI for almost a decade, I learned a great deal from Cohen's book and I expect I'll refer to it often in the coming years.
A probabilistic approach to modeling and estimating the QoS of web-services-based workflows

Web services promise to become a key enabling technology for B2B e-commerce. One of the most-touted features of Web services is their capability to recursively construct a Web service as a workflow of other existing Web services. The quality of service (QoS) of Web-services-based workflows may be an essential determinant when selecting constituent Web services and determining the service-level agreement with users. To make such a selection possible, it is essential to estimate the QoS of a WS workflow based on the QoSs of its constituent WSs. In the context of WS workflow, this estimation can be made by a method called QoS aggregation. While most of the existing work on QoS aggregation treats the QoS as a deterministic value, we argue that due to some uncertainty related to a WS, it is more realistic to model its QoS as a random variable, and estimate the QoS of a WS workflow probabilistically. In this paper, we identify a set of QoS metrics in the context of WS workflows, and propose a unified probabilistic model for describing QoS values of a broader spectrum of atomic and composite Web services. Emulation data are used to demonstrate the efficiency and accuracy of the proposed approach. 2007 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
Relationship of Plasma N‐terminal Pro‐brain Natriuretic Peptide Concentrations to Heart Failure Classification and Cause of Respiratory Distress in Dogs Using a 2nd Generation ELISA Assay

BACKGROUND
Cardiac biomarkers provide objective data that augments clinical assessment of heart disease (HD).


HYPOTHESIS/OBJECTIVES
Determine the utility of plasma N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide concentration [NT-proBNP] measured by a 2nd generation canine ELISA assay to discriminate cardiac from noncardiac respiratory distress and evaluate HD severity.


ANIMALS
Client-owned dogs (n = 291).


METHODS
Multicenter, cross-sectional, prospective investigation. Medical history, physical examination, echocardiography, and thoracic radiography classified 113 asymptomatic dogs (group 1, n = 39 without HD; group 2, n = 74 with HD), and 178 with respiratory distress (group 3, n = 104 respiratory disease, either with or without concurrent HD; group 4, n = 74 with congestive heart failure [CHF]). HD severity was graded using International Small Animal Cardiac Health Council (ISACHC) and ACVIM Consensus (ACVIM-HD) schemes without knowledge of [NT-proBNP] results. Receiver-operating characteristic curve analysis assessed the capacity of [NT-proBNP] to discriminate between dogs with cardiac and noncardiac respiratory distress. Multivariate general linear models containing key clinical variables tested associations between [NT-proBNP] and HD severity.


RESULTS
Plasma [NT-proBNP] (median; IQR) was higher in CHF dogs (5,110; 2,769-8,466 pmol/L) compared to those with noncardiac respiratory distress (1,287; 672-2,704 pmol/L; P < .0001). A cut-off >2,447 pmol/L discriminated CHF from noncardiac respiratory distress (81.1% sensitivity; 73.1% specificity; area under curve, 0.84). A multivariate model comprising left atrial to aortic ratio, heart rate, left ventricular diameter, end-systole, and ACVIM-HD scheme most accurately associated average plasma [NT-proBNP] with HD severity.


CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL IMPORTANCE
Plasma [NT-proBNP] was useful for discriminating CHF from noncardiac respiratory distress. Average plasma [NT-BNP] increased significantly as a function of HD severity using the ACVIM-HD classification scheme.
Is incomplete recovery from work a risk marker of cardiovascular death? Prospective evidence from industrial employees.

OBJECTIVE
A chronic lack of recovery from work during leisure time is hypothesized to indicate a health risk among employees. We examined whether incomplete recovery from work predicted cardiovascular mortality.


METHODS
This prospective cohort study involved 788 industrial employees (534 men, 254 women, mean age 37.3, SD = 12.0) who were initially free from cardiovascular diseases. The baseline examination in 1973 determined cases of cardiovascular disease, cardiovascular risk factors, and the extent of recovery from work. Data on mortality in 1973 to 2000 were derived from the national mortality register.


RESULTS
Sixty-seven cardiovascular deaths and 102 deaths from noncardiovascular causes occurred during the mean follow-up of 25.6 years. Employees who seldom recovered from work during free weekends had an elevated risk of cardiovascular death (p = .007) but not of other mortality (p = .82). The association between incomplete recovery and cardiovascular death remained after adjustment for age, sex, and 16 conventional risk factors, including occupational background, cholesterol, systolic pressure, body mass index, smoking, alcohol consumption, physical inactivity, depressive symptoms, fatigue, lack of energy, and job stress. The association was not explained by deaths that occurred close to the assessment of recovery from work.


CONCLUSIONS
This study suggests that incomplete recovery from work is an aspect of the overall risk profile of cardiovascular disease mortality among employees.
Social responses to Facebook status updates: The role of extraversion and social anxiety

Posting, reading, and responding to status updates is an integral part of many peoples' daily lives. However, the role of personality in predicting social responses to status updates remains largely unexplored. Based on the social enhancement and the social compensation hypothesis, we assessed the role of extraversion and social anxiety in predicting social responses to status updates. Moreover, we explored the influence of valence in this context. Capitalizing on the assets of a multimethod approach, personality was assessed with self-reports, and valence was evaluated by independent raters. Social responses to status updates were captured (1) by observing direct social feedback (i.e. likes and commenters) and (2) by informant reports on the interpersonal appraisal of participants’ status updates by their friends. In a German and a US sample, for direct social feedback neither extraversion nor social anxiety emerged as significant predictors. However, analyses of the informant reports showed that status updates of more socially anxious individuals were appreciated more by their friends. Furthermore, results pointed to the importance of valence in this context; revealing associations between valence and direct social feedback, valence and extraversion, and a moderation effect of personality on the association between valence and likes in the US sample. © 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Visual attention for solving multiple-choice science problem: An eye-tracking analysis

This study employed an eye-tracking technique to examine students’ visual attention when solving a multiple-choice science problem. Six university students participated in a problem-solving task to predict occurrences of landslide hazards from four images representing four combinations of four factors. Participants’ responses and visual attention were recorded by an eye tracker. Participants were asked to think aloud during the entire task. A 4 (options) 4 (factors) repeated measures design, two paired ttests and effect sizes analyses were conducted to compare the fixation duration between chosen and rejected options and between relevant and irrelevant factors. Content analyses were performed to analyze participants’ responses and think aloud protocols and to examine individual’s Hot Zone image. Finally, sequential analysis on fixated LookZones was further utilized to compare the scan patterns between successful and unsuccessful problem solvers. The results showed that, while solving an imagebased multiple-choice science problem, students, in general, paid more attention to chosen options than rejected alternatives, and spent more time inspecting relevant factors than irrelevant ones. Additionally, successful problem solvers focused more on relevant factors, while unsuccessful problem solvers experienced difficulties in decoding the problem, in recognizing the relevant factors, and in selfregulating of concentration. Future study can be done to examine the reliability and the usability of providing adaptive instructional scaffoldings for problem solving according to students’ visual attention allocations and transformations in a larger scale. Eye-tracking techniques are suggested to be used to deeply explore the cognitive process during e-learning and be applied to future online assessment systems. 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.