LLukas22/scidocs huggingface dataset:
Efficacy of a Multicomponent Positive Psychology Self-Help Intervention: Study Protocol of a Randomized Controlled Trial

BACKGROUND
Positive psychology interventions have been found to enhance well-being and decrease clinical symptomatology. However, it is still unknown how flourishing can also be increased. Although multicomponent interventions seem to be necessary for this purpose, different formats can be used. A cost-effective approach could be a positive psychology-based self-help book with tailored email support to reach large target groups and to prevent dropout.


OBJECTIVE
This study will evaluate the efficacy of a comprehensive multicomponent self-help intervention with or without email support on well-being and flourishing, and will seek to determine the working mechanisms underlying the intervention.


METHODS
In this 3-armed, parallel, randomized controlled trial, 396 participants with low or moderate levels of well-being and without clinical symptomatology will be randomly assigned to (1) a self-help book condition with weekly email support, (2) a self-help book condition without email support but with a weekly information email, or (3) a waiting list control condition. Online measurements will be assessed at baseline, at post-test (3 months after baseline), and at 6 and 12 months after baseline.


RESULTS
The primary outcomes are well-being and flourishing (ie, high levels of well-being). Secondary outcomes are the well-being components included in the intervention: positive emotion, use of strengths, optimism, self-compassion, resilience, and positive relations. Other measures include depressive and anxiety symptoms, personality traits, direct medical and non-medical costs, life-events, and client satisfaction.


CONCLUSIONS
This study will add knowledge to the efficacy and cost-effectiveness of a multicomponent positive psychology intervention. We will also explore who can benefit most from this intervention. If the intervention is found to be effective, our results will be especially relevant for public mental health services, governments, and primary care.


TRIAL REGISTRATION
The Netherlands Trial Register NTR4297; http://www.trialregister.nl/trialreg/admin/rctview.asp?TC=4297 (Archived by WebCite at http://webcitation.org/6Uwb5SUUM).
THE EFFECTIVENESS OF COOPERATIVE LEARNING ON THE READING COMPREHENSION SKILLS IN TURKISH AS A FOREIGN LANGUAGE

Cooperative learning is a process through which students with various abilities, gender, nationalities and different level of social skills carry out their learning process by working in small groups and helping each other. Cooperative learning is a pedagogical use of small groups which enable students to maximize both their own and others’ learning. This study was carried out in order to identify the efficiency and the effects of cooperative learning techniques on the reading skills of the students who learn Turkish as a second language. A total of 40 students (20 subjects in experimental group, 20 subjects in control group), who learn Turkish as a second language at Istanbul University Language Center, participated in this study which was done in accordance with the ‘pre-test post-test control group’ model as one of the experimental research designs. In the experimental group, cooperative learning techniques were used for reading comprehension activities, while traditional teaching model was followed in the control group. The data were gathered through the ‘Reading Comprehension Skills Achievement Test’ developed by the researchers, and a number of suggestions were made to develop reading skills in teaching Turkish as a foreign language.
Establishment of immortalized alveolar type II epithelial cell lines from adult rats

We developed methodology to isolate and culture rat alveolar Type II cells under conditions that preserved their proliferative capacity, and applied lipofection to introduce an immortalizing gene into the cells. Briefly, the alveolar Type II cells were isolated from male F344 rats using airway perfusion with a pronase solution followed by incubation for 30 min at 37° C. Cells obtained by pronase digestion were predominantly epithelial in morphology and were positive for Papanicolaou and alkaline phosphatase staining. These cells could be maintained on an extracellular matrix of fibronectin and Type IV collagen in a low serum, insulin-supplemented Ham’s F12 growth medium for four to five passages. Rat alveolar epithelial cells obtained by this method were transformed with the SV40-T antigen gene and two immortalized cell lines (RLE-6T and RLE-6TN) were obtained. The RLE-6T line exhibits positive nuclear immunostaining for the SV40-T antigen and the RLE-6TN line does not. PCR analysis of genomic DNA from the RLE-6T and RLE-6TN cells demonstrated the T-antigen gene was present only in the RLE-6T line indicating the RLE-6TN line is likely derived from a spontaneous transformant. After more than 50 population doublings, the RLE-6T cells stained positive for cytokeratin, possessed alkaline phosphatase activity, and contained lipid-containing inclusion bodies (phosphine 3R staining); all characteristics of alveolar Type II cells. The RLE-6TN cells exhibited similar characteristics except they did not express alkaline phosphatase activity. Early passage RLE-6T and 6TN cells showed a near diploid chromosome number. However, at later passages the 6T cells became polyploid, while the 6TN genotype remained stable. The RLE-6T and 6TN cells were not tumorigenic in nude mice. The cell isolation methods reported and the novel cell lines produced represent potentially useful tools to study the role of pulmonary epithelial cells in neoplastic and nonneoplastic lung disease.
Design of a docking station for solar charged electric and fuel cell vehicles

An effect of constant increase in the price of hydrocarbon-based fuels and the resulting pollution of environment have motivated researchers and the automobile industry to take a serious look at electric vehicles (EV). Hybrid technologies have also found their place in the automobile industry. Hybrid Electric and Plug-in Hybrid Electric Vehicles are being developed and improved constantly. An electric vehicle plugged in a docking station that stores energy from a solar panel array is probably the best way to charge a short-distance commuter EV rather than connecting it to the grid. Production of hydrogen by electrolysis of water and subsequent use through fuel cells is another possibility of using solar energy. A docking station consisting of solar panel array, DC-to-DC converter and batteries was designed. Compatibility with hydrogen electrolyzer was considered with emphasis on efficiency. Two separate tracks for plug-in vehicle were followed: a) Electric Energy Conversion; and, b) Proton Exchange Membrane (PEM) fuel cell. Range of the vehicle, charging rate and initial cost of the two separate tracks were calculated so that a direct comparison could be presented. Short distance commuters are the primary requirements for daily transportation of most individuals. Considering an average traveled distance of 10 miles per/day at an average speed of 30miles/hour, these vehicles and docking stations could be used in most of the North American urban areas.
Pathophysiologic characteristics of balloon cells in cortical dysplasia

Balloon cells are histopathological hallmarks of cortical malformations, i.e., focal cortical dysplasia (FCD) of the Taylor type or the cortical tubers of tuberous sclerosis, and they are believed to be the epileptogenic substrate and cause therapeutic drug resistant epilepsy in man. This study was carried out to investigate the developmental histogenesis and epileptogenesis of balloon cells in FCD. We used an immunohistochemical approach to examine the expressions of primitive neuroepithelial cell antigens (CD34, nestin, and vimentin), ionotrophic glutamate receptor subunits (NR1, NR2A/B, GluR1, GluR2, GluR3, GluR4, and GluR5/6/7), and P-glycoprotein in balloon cells from FCD and normal cerebral cortex epileptogenic lesions. Balloon cells presented in clusters or as scattered cells throughout FCD lesions involving the gray and white matter. We found the balloon cells to be classifiable into three subtypes based on glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) and neurofilament protein (NF-L) immunohistochemistry, i.e., as neuronal, astrocytic, and uncommitted. Immunopositivity for nestin, CD34, and vimentin in balloon cells of FCD suggests that they may be derived from the abnormal development and differentiation of neural stem cells. Moreover, it appears that epileptogenesis in cortical dysplasia is partly caused by the upregulations of some glutamate receptor subunit proteins (NR1, NR2A/B, GluR1, and GluR3) in balloon cells and dysplastic neurons. We speculate that the presence of the drug resistance protein P-glycoprotein in balloon cells might explain medically refractory epilepsy in FCD.
Mapping and Control with Telepresence Robots

We create a mapping system and a control system on a telepresence robot to further facilitate indoor social navigation. The implementation is based on a commercial telepresence robot and its custom operating system. A mapping framework based on SLAM methods is employed to obtain real-time results. Navigation controls are implemented with inspection of the internal interfaces of the telepresence robot.
The Interaction between Childhood Bullying and the FKBP5 Gene on Psychotic-Like Experiences and Stress Reactivity in Real Life

AIM
The present study employed Experience Sampling Methodology to examine whether the interaction between childhood bullying and FKBP5 variability (i) is associated with the expression of psychotic-like experiences, paranoia, and negative affect, and (ii) moderates psychotic-like, paranoid, and affective reactivity to different forms of momentary stress (situational and social) in daily life.


METHODS
A total of 206 nonclinical young adults were interviewed for bullying with the Childhood Experience of Care and Abuse and were prompted randomly eight times daily for one week to complete assessments of their current experiences, affect, and stress appraisals. Participants were genotyped for three FKBP5 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) (rs3800373, rs9296158, and rs1360780) that have been linked to hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal axis reactivity. Multilevel analyses were conducted to examine the effect of the interaction between childhood bullying and the FKBP5 haplotype derived from these three SNPs.


RESULTS
The interaction between bullying and the FKBP5 haplotype was associated with positive, but not negative, psychotic-like experiences, paranoia, and negative affect. The bullying x FKBP5 interaction also moderated the association of a social stress appraisal (specifically, being alone because people do not want to be with you) with psychotic-like experiences and negative affect in daily life. Simple slopes analyses indicated that, in all cases, the associations were significantly increased by exposure to bullying in participants with the risk haplotype, but not for those with the non-risk haplotype.


DISCUSSION
The present study provides the first evidence of the interplay between childhood bullying and FKBP5 variability in the real-world expression of psychosis proneness and social stress reactivity. The findings underscore the importance of investigating how gene-environment interactions are involved in mechanistic pathways to the extended psychosis phenotype and lend further support to the increasing relevance given to socially defeating appraisals in the experience of reality distortion.
A Polynomial Time Complexity Bound for Computations on Curves

In this paper, we use a recent quantitative version of Eisenstein's theorem on power series expansions of algebraic functions to compute a polynomial-time bit complexity bound for the computation of the genus of an algebraic curve over the rationals. The result is extendable to any field of characteristic zero which is finitely generated over the rationals.
Neutral Voltage Analysis for Broken Rotor Bars Detection in Induction Motors Using Hilbert Transform Phase

Most of rotor related faults in three-phase induction motors are due to broken rotor bars and end-ring defects. Nowadays, inductions motors are more frequently used with inverters which make the diagnosis process more complicated. The approach used in this paper, for the detection of a broken rotor bar in induction motor powered by a voltage fed inverter, is based on the analysis of the voltage taking place between the stator neutral and an artificial supply neutral. A comparison study with the well known motor current signature analysis (MCSA) is underlined. A theoretical analysis is investigated in order to depict all harmonic components related to the rotor defects in both line current and neutral voltage. These signatures are drawn by the phase analysis of Hilbert transform applied on the spectrum modulus of the line current and the neutral voltage. Experimental and simulation results obtained for two different induction motors confirm the aforementioned study.
SOF: a semi-supervised ontology-learning-based focused crawler

The rapid increase in the volume of data available on the Internet makes it increasingly impractical for a crawler to index the whole Web. Instead, many intelligent crawlers, known as ontology-based semantic focused crawlers, have been designed by making use of Semantic Web technologies for topiccentered Web information crawling. Ontologies, however, have constraints of validity and time, which may influence the performance of the crawlers. Ontology-learning-based focused crawlers are therefore designed to automatically evolve ontologies by integrating ontology learning technologies. Nevertheless, surveys indicate that the existing ontology-learning-based focused crawlers do not have the capability to automatically enrich the content of ontologies, which makes these crawlers unreliable in the open and heterogeneous Web environment. Hence, in this paper, we propose a framework for a novel semi-supervised ontology-learning-based focused (SOF) crawler, the SOF crawler, which embodies a series of schemas for ontology generation and Web information formatting, a semi-supervised ontology learning framework, and a hybrid Web page classification approach aggregated by a group of support vector machine models. A series of tests are implemented to evaluate the technical feasibility of this proposed framework. The conclusion and the future work are summarized in the final section. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Evidence for large-scale rotations at spreading centers from the Josephine ophiolite

Abstract Repetition of the Josephine ophiolite by large-scale open folding and imbricate faulting provides an excellent opportunity to study the geometric relationships between sheeted dikes, igneous layering, and bedding. Measurements of over 600 dike margins from the sheeted dike complex and high-level gabbro indicate that dikes are oriented at 20°–40° to bedding in metasedimentary rocks overlying the ophiolite. In addition, igneous layering is discordant to gross lithologic layering and is oriented at a large angle to both sheeted dikes and bedding. Similar relationships may occur in several other ophiolites. The “inclined” sheeted dikes and discordant igneous layering are best explained by a >45° rotation of new oceanic crust (ophiolite) immediately following formation at a spreading center. Rotation could have been accomplished by either subsidence or faulting. Further evidence for large-scale rotations of oceanic crust include frequent anomalous magnetic inclinations in drill cores of Layer 2 from the Atlantic.
The reproduction and development of sharks, skates, rays and ratfishes: introduction, history, overview, and future prospects

This volume had its origin in aSymposium on the Reproduction and Development of Cartilaginous Fishes that was held at the annual meetings of the American Elasmobranch Society and the American Society of Ichthyologists and Herpetologists in Charleston, South Carolina in June 1990. The aim of this symposium was to bring together many of those scientists interested in chondrichthyan reproduction and development in order to assess the current state of knowledge in these fields. The chondrichthyan fishes occupy a pivotal position in comparative and evolutionary studies of vertebrate reproduction and development. They are the oldest surviving group of jawed vertebrates and they possess both the adult vertebrate Bauplan and the vertebrate program of embryonic development. The major features of the female reproductive system, including its embryonic origin, structure, physiological function, and biochemistry, apparently were established early in vertebrate evolution and are fully developed in chondrichthyan fishes. These features of the female reproductive system have been retained during the evolution of the other classes of vertebrates. Much the same can be said for the male reproductive system. Moreover, viviparity, placental nourishment of developing embryos, and the hormonal regulation of these events made an initial appearance in this group. The twenty-two articles contained in this volume bring together a wide variety of complementary research by investigators from seven countries. It is hoped that presentation of this disparate body of research and thought in one place will provide perspective on current research activity, call attention to those areas in which the research endeavour is deficient, and identify opportunities for future study. The appearance at this time of a volume on the reproduction and development of cartilaginous fishes is quite opportune. The continued existence of these fishes, which survived the great extinction events of Earth"s history, is now threatened by over-exploitation unless immediate steps for their conservation are undertaken. Knowledge of their reproduction and development not only is an end in itself, but is of critical importance in devising successful conservation and resource management strategies.
Specificity of cognitive emotion regulation strategies: a transdiagnostic examination.

Despite growing interest in the role of regulatory processes in clinical disorders, it is not clear whether certain cognitive emotion regulation strategies play a more central role in psychopathology than others. Similarly, little is known about whether these strategies have effects transdiagnostically. We examined the relationship between four cognitive emotion regulation strategies (rumination, thought suppression, reappraisal, and problem-solving) and symptoms of three psychopathologies (depression, anxiety, and eating disorders) in an undergraduate sample (N=252). Maladaptive strategies (rumination, suppression), compared to adaptive strategies (reappraisal, problem-solving), were more strongly associated with psychopathology and loaded more highly on a latent factor of cognitive emotion regulation. In addition, this latent factor of cognitive emotion regulation was significantly associated with symptoms of all three disorders. Overall, these results suggest that the use of maladaptive strategies might play a more central role in psychopathology than the non-use of adaptive strategies and provide support of a transdiagnostic view of cognitive emotion regulation.
Recognition of degraded characters using dynamic Bayesian networks

Article history: Received 1 March 2007 Received in revised form 15 January 2008 Accepted 15 March 2008
High TX-to-RX Isolation in UHF RFID Using Narrowband Leaking Carrier Canceller

Ultra-high frequency (UHF) radio frequency identification (RFID) system suffers from large leakage of the carrier due to insufficient TX-to-RX isolation. A narrowband leaking carrier canceller (LCC) for UHF RFID is proposed to enhance the isolation. Hardware realization is carried out based on simulation model in ADS (advanced design system). Measurement results indicate that the TX-to-RX isolation is improved from 20 dB to above 40 dB within UHF RFID frequency band of 920-925 MHz. Upper limit of increase in isolation versus amplitude and phase distortion are also presented and discussed.
Microstructural and Corrosion Evaluation of Laser Surface Nitrided Ti-13Nb-13Zr Alloy

AbstractThe present paper reports on the microstructure, hardness, surface roughness, phases formed and corrosion behaviour of laser nitrided Ti-13Nb-13Zr biomedical alloy. Surface melting and nitriding of the alloy were carried out using a Nd:YAG laser in pulsed mode under dilute and pure nitrogen environments. Laser nitriding of the alloy resulted in a hardness of 1600 HV and 650 HV, respectively, for pure N2 and dilute N2+ Ar environments. Cracks were not observed either on the surface or in the vertical cross-section of the samples nitrided in both environments. X-ray diffraction analysis of the sample nitrided in a pure nitrogen environment confirmed the formation of TiN, TiN0.3, alpha and beta phases along with ZrN. Quantitative analysis using electron probe microanalysis (EPMA) showed the enrichment of Zr and Ti in the dendrites. Corrosion resistance of the laser nitrided samples in a simulated body environment (Ringer's solution) was evaluated using the potentiodynamic polarisation method, and was...
How do scores on the EuroQol relate to scores on the SF-36 after stroke?

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE
The EuroQol and Medical Outcome Survey 36-item short-form health survey (SF-36) questionnaires have both been validated for the assessment of health-related quality of life after stroke. However, the relationship between these instruments has not been studied after stroke. We therefore sought to compare the responses of a group of stroke patients to both instruments.


METHODS
A total of 2253 patients with stroke entered by United Kingdom hospitals in the International Stroke Trial were randomized to follow-up with either the EuroQol or SF-36 instruments. We randomly selected one third of patients who had responded to the EuroQol for follow-up, again using the SF-36, and two thirds of patients who had responded to the SF-36 for follow-up, again using the EuroQol. We assessed the patients' mean score for each domain of the SF-36 categorized by their response to the corresponding EuroQol domain and the correlation between the domains of the 2 instruments.


RESULTS
The domains for both instruments, which assessed physical functioning, social functioning, bodily pain, and overall health-related quality of life, correlated closely. The mental health domain of the SF-36 correlated only poorly with the psychological functioning domain of the EuroQol.


CONCLUSIONS
Both the EuroQol and SF-36 measure broadly similar domains of health. The weak relationship between the assessments of mental health may reflect a difference in content or more fundamental problems with the validity or reliability of the items in one of the instruments with respect to this domain. This study has provided the first empirical qualitative evidence by which the data on the SF-36 after stroke may be interpreted.