LLukas22/scidocs huggingface dataset:
Mental Toughness and Success in Sport : A Review and Prospect

INTRODUCTION Pivotal to athletic performance is the ability to more maintain desired athletic performance levels during particularly critical periods of competition [1], such as during pressurised situations that typically evoke elevated levels of anxiety (e.g., penalty kicks) or when exposed to unexpected adversities (e.g., unfavourable umpire calls on crucial points) [2, 3]. These kinds of situations become markedly important when athletes, who are separated by marginal physical and technical differences, are engaged in closely contested matches, games, or races [4]. It is within these competitive conditions, in particular, that athletes’ responses define their degree of success (or lack thereof); responses that are largely dependent on athletes’ psychological attributes [5]. One of these attributes appears to be mental toughness (MT), which has often been classified as a critical success factor due to the role it plays in fostering adaptive responses to positively and negatively construed pressures, situations, and events [6 8]. However, as scholars have intensified
Effect of glycoprotein IIb/IIIa receptor blockade with abciximab on clinical and angiographic restenosis rate after the placement of coronary stents following acute myocardial infarction.

OBJECTIVES
In the Intracoronary Stenting and Antithrombotic Regimen-2 trial (ISAR-2), we sought to investigate the effect of abciximab on angiographic and clinical restenosis after stenting following acute myocardial infarction (AMI). We also intended to assess the impact of abciximab on clinical outcome in this setting.


BACKGROUND
It is unclear whether abciximab reduces neointima formation after stenting. Such an effect may be particularly prominent in thrombus-containing lesions.


METHODS
Patients undergoing stenting within 48 h after onset of AMI were randomly assigned to receive either standard-dose heparin or abciximab plus reduced-dose heparin. Of 401 patients randomized, 366 without 30-day adverse events were eligible for six-month angiographic follow-up. Scheduled angiography was performed in 80% of these patients.


RESULTS
By 30 days, the composite clinical end point of death, reinfarction, and target lesion revascularization (TLR) was reached in 5.0% of the abciximab group and in 10.5% of the control group (p = 0.038). At one year, absolute reduction in the composite clinical end point by abciximab was still 5.7% but had lost its statistical significance. Our primary end point, late lumen loss, was 1.26+/-0.85 mm with abciximab and 1.21+/-0.74 mm with standard heparin (p = 0.61), and binary angiographic restenosis rates were 31.1% and 30.6%, respectively (p = 0.92).


CONCLUSIONS
In patients undergoing stenting following AMI, abciximab exerted beneficial effects by substantially reducing the 30-day rate of major adverse cardiac events. During one-year follow-up, there was no additional benefit from a reduction in TLR nor did abciximab reduce angiographic restenosis.
A data clustering algorithm for mining patterns from event logs

Today, event logs contain vast amounts of data that can easily overwhelm a human. Therefore, mining patterns from event logs is an important system management task. This paper presents a novel clustering algorithm for log file data sets which helps one to detect frequent patterns from log files, to build log file profiles, and to identify anomalous log file lines. Keywords—system monitoring, data mining, data clustering
Do invasive species show higher phenotypic plasticity than native species and, if so, is it adaptive? A meta-analysis.

Do invasive plant species have greater phenotypic plasticity than non-invasive species? And, if so, how does this affect their fitness relative to native, non-invasive species? What role might this play in plant invasions? To answer these long-standing questions, we conducted a meta-analysis using data from 75 invasive/non-invasive species pairs. Our analysis shows that invasive species demonstrate significantly higher phenotypic plasticity than non-invasive species. To examine the adaptive benefit of this plasticity, we plotted fitness proxies against measures of plasticity in several growth, morphological and physiological traits to test whether greater plasticity is associated with an improvement in estimated fitness. Invasive species were nearly always more plastic in their response to greater resource availability than non-invasives but this plasticity was only sometimes associated with a fitness benefit. Intriguingly, non-invasive species maintained greater fitness homoeostasis when comparing growth between low and average resource availability. Our finding that invasive species are more plastic in a variety of traits but that non-invasive species respond just as well, if not better, when resources are limiting, has interesting implications for predicting responses to global change.
120-GHz-band 20-Gbit/s transmitter and receiver MMICs using quadrature phase shift keying

This paper describes a 120-GHz-band quadrature phase shift keying (QPSK) transmitter and receiver fabricated on microwave monolithic integrated circuits (MMICs). The MMICs were fabricated using 0.1-μm-gate InP HEMTs and can handle 20-Gbit/s data streams. The transmitter MMIC consists of a QPSK modulator with direct modulation, differential amplifiers for data, a power amplifier, and an output-power monitor circuit. A differentially coherent detector, voltage-controlled phase shifter, and low-noise amplifier are monolithically integrated on a receiver MMIC. The QPSK transmitter and receiver MMICs were mounted in WR-8 waveguide modules to evaluate the data transmission performance. The bit error rate (BER) for 22.2-Gbit/s pseudorandom binary sequence (PRBS) 27-1 data is smaller than 10-10 at a receiver power of -35 dBm.
Parity, mode of delivery, and pelvic floor disorders.

OBJECTIVE
This study aimed to assess the associations between parity, mode of delivery, and pelvic floor disorders.


METHODS
The prevalence of pelvic organ prolapse, stress urinary incontinence, overactive bladder, and anal incontinence was assessed in a random sample of women aged 25-84 years by using the validated Epidemiology of Prolapse and Incontinence Questionnaire. Women were categorized as nulliparous, vaginally parous, or only delivered by cesarean. Adjusted odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for each disorder were calculated with logistic regression, controlling for age, body mass index, and parity.


RESULTS
In the 4,458 respondents the prevalence of each disorder was as follows: 7% prolapse, 15% stress urinary incontinence, 13% overactive bladder, 25% anal incontinence, and 37% for any one or more pelvic floor disorders. There were no significant differences in the prevalence of disorders between the cesarean delivery and nulliparous groups. The adjusted odds of each disorder increased with vaginal parity compared with cesarean delivery: prolapse = 1.82 (95% CI 1.04-3.19), stress urinary incontinence = 1.81 (95% CI 1.25-2.61), overactive bladder = 1.53 (95% CI 1.02-2.29), anal incontinence = 1.72 (95% CI 1.27-2.35), and any one or more pelvic floor disorders = 1.85 (95% CI 1.42-2.41). Number-needed-to-treat analysis revealed that 7 women would have to deliver only by cesarean delivery to prevent one woman from having a pelvic floor disorder.


CONCLUSION
The risk of pelvic floor disorders is independently associated with vaginal delivery but not with parity alone. Cesarean delivery has a protective effect, similar to nulliparity, on the development of pelvic floor disorders when compared with vaginal delivery.


LEVEL OF EVIDENCE
II-2.
Chemical Composition, Antimicrobial and Antioxidant Activities of Essential Oils from Organically Cultivated Fennel Cultivars

Essential oils of the fruits of three organically grown cultivars of Egyptian fennel (Foeniculum vulgare var. azoricum, Foeniculum vulgare var. dulce and Foeniculum vulgare var. vulgare) were examined for their chemical constituents, antimicrobial and antioxidant activities. Gas chromatography/mass spectrometry analysis of the essential oils revealed the presence of 18 major monoterpenoids in all three cultivars but their percentage in each oil were greatly different. trans-Anethole, estragole, fenchone and limonene were highly abundant in all of the examined oils. Antioxidant activities of the essential oils were evaluated using the DPPH radical scavenging, lipid peroxidation and metal chelating assays. Essential oils from the azoricum and dulce cultivars were more effective antioxidants than that from the vulgare cultivar. Antimicrobial activities of each oil were measured against two species of fungi, two species of Gram negative and two species of Gram positive bacteria. All three cultivars showed similar antimicrobial activity.
Benchmarking Hybrid OLTP&OLAP Database Systems

Recently, the case has been made for operational or real-time Business Intelligence (BI). As the traditional separation into OLTP database and OLAP data warehouse obviously incurs severe latency disadvantages for operational BI, hybrid OLTP&OLAP database systems are being developed. The advent of the first generation of such hybrid OLTP&OLAP database systems requires means to characterize their performance. While there are standardized and widely used benchmarks addressing either OLTP or OLAP workloads, the lack of a hybrid benchmark led us to the definition of a new mixed workload benchmark, called TPC-CH. This benchmark bridges the gap between the existing single-workload suits: TPC-C for OLTP and TPC-H for OLAP. The newly proposed TPC-CH benchmark executes a mixed workload: A transactional workload based on the order entry processing of TPC-C and a corresponding TPC-H-equivalent OLAP query suite on this sales data base. As it is derived from these two most widely used TPC benchmarks our new TPC-CH benchmark produces results that are highly comparable to both, hybrid systems and classic single-workload systems. Thus, we are able to compare the performance of our own (and other) hybrid database system running both OLTP and OLAP workloads in parallel with the OLTP performance of dedicated transactional systems (e.g., VoltDB) and the OLAP performance of specialized OLAP databases (e.g., column stores such as MonetDB).
The geometry of spherical curves and the algebra of quaternions

Contents Introduction 2 Chapter I. The geometry of curves on S 2 3 § 1. The elementary geometry of smooth curves and wavefronts 3 § 2. Contact manifolds, their Legendrian submanifolds and their fronts 9 § 3. Dual curves and derivative curves of fronts 10 § 4. The caustic and the derivatives of fronts 12 Chapter II. Quaternions and the triality theorem 13 § 5. Quaternions and the standard contact structures on the sphere S 3 13 § 6. Quaternions and contact elements of the sphere 5? 15 § 7. The action of quaternions on the contact elements of the sphere 5| 18 § 8. The action of right shifts on left-invariant fields 20 § 9. The duality of j-fronts and fc-fronts of «-Legendrian curves 20 Chapter III. Quaternions and curvatures 22 § 10. The spherical radii of curvature of fronts 22 § 11. Quaternions and caustics 23 § 12. The geodesic curvature of the derivative curve 24 § 13. The derivative of a small curve and the derivative of curvature of the curve 28 Chapter IV. The characteristic chain and spherical indices of a hyper-surface 30 § 14. The characteristic 2-chain 31 § 15. The indices of hypersurfaces on a sphere 33 § 16. Indices as linking coefficients 35 § 17. The indices of hypersurfaces on a sphere as intersection indices 36 § 18. Proofs of the index theorems 38 § 19. The indices of fronts of Legendrian submanifolds on an even-dimensional sphere 40 Chapter V. Exact Lagrangian curves on a sphere and their Maslov indices 44 § 20. Exact Lagrangian curves and their Legendrian lifts 45 V. I. Arnol'd § 21. The integral of a horizontal form as the area of the characteristic chain 48 §22. A horizontal contact form as a Levi-Civita connection and a generalized Gauss-Bonnet formula 49 § 23. Proof of the formula for the Maslov index 52 § 24. The area-length duality 54 §25. The parities of fronts and caustics 56 Chapter VI. The Bennequin invariant and the spherical invariant J + 57 § 26. The spherical invariant J + 58 § 27. The topological meaning of the invariant SJ + 59 Chapter VII. Pseudo-functions 60 §28. The quasi-functions of Chekanov 61 § 29. From quasi-functions on the cylinder to pseudo-functions on the sphere, and conversely 62 § 30. Conjectures concerning pseudo-functions 63 §31. Space curves and Sturm's theorem 66 Bibliography 68
Kambin's Triangle Approach of Lumbar Transforaminal Epidural Injection with Spinal Stenosis

OBJECTIVE
To compare the short-term effect and advantage of transforaminal epidural steroid injection (TFESI) performed using the Kambin's triangle and subpedicular approaches.


METHOD
Forty-two patients with radicular pain from lumbar spinal stenosis were enrolled. Subjects were randomly assigned to one of two groups. All procedures were performed using C-arm KMC 950. The frequency of complications during the procedure and the effect of TFESI at 2 and 4 weeks after the procedure between the two groups were compared. Short-term outcomes were measured using a visual numeric scale (VNS) and a five-grade scale. Multiple logistic regression analyses were performed to evaluate the relationship between possible outcome predictors (Kambin's triangle or subpedicular approach, age, duration of symptoms and sex) and the therapeutic effect.


RESULTS
VNS was improved 2 weeks after the injection and continued to improve until 4 weeks in both groups. There were no statistical differences in changes of VNS, effectiveness and contrast spread pattern between these two groups. No correlation was found between the other variables tested and therapeutic effect. Spinal nerve pricking occurred in five cases of the subpedicular and in none of the cases of the Kambin's triangle approach (p<0.05).


CONCLUSION
The Kambin's triangle approach is as efficacious as the subpedicular approach for short-term effect and offers considerable advantages (i.e., less spinal nerve pricking during procedure). The Kambin's triangle approach maybe an alternative method for transforaminal epidural steroid injection in cases where needle tip positioning in the anterior epidural space is difficult.
Practical Adversarial Attack Against Object Detector

Recently, benefit from the rapid development of deep learning, object detectors have been widely used in many fields such as autonomous driving. Users may worry about the security and safety of such detectors since deep neural networks are known to be vulnerable to adversarial examples which leverage few perturbations on original inputs to fool neural networks into misclassification. Fortunately, although image classifiers have been widely studied, little is known whether object detectors could be attacked, especially in real situations. Quite different from attacking image classifiers, to deceive object detectors, the adversarial perturbations should work for different continuous video frames. In other words, the fixed-position perturbations (on an object) should work when the object detector moves (e.g., in an autonomous driving car), which means the perturbations should be adversarial at different angles and distances. And another challenge is how to make the perturbations practical after they are printed out (e.g, against the changed illumination). In this paper, we proposed the first practical adversarial attacks against object detectors in realistic situations: the adversarial examples are placed in different angles and distances, especially in the long distance (over 20m) and wide angles (120◦). To improve the robustness of adversarial examples, we proposed the nested adversarial examples and introduced the image transformation techniques. Transformation methods aim to simulate the variance factors such as distances, angles, illuminations, etc., in the physical world. Two kinds of attacks were implemented on YOLO V3, a state-of-the-art real-time object detector: hiding attack that fools the detector unable to recognize the object, and appearing attack that fools the detector to recognize the non-existent object. The adversarial examples are evaluated in three environments: indoor lab, outdoor environment, and the real road, and demonstrated to achieve the success rate up to 92.4% based on the distance range from 1m to 25m. In particular, the real road testing of hiding attack on a straight road and a crossing road produced the success rate of 75% and 64% respectively, and the appearing attack obtained the success rates of 63% and 81% respectively, which we believe, should catch the attention of the autonomous driving community.
The attitudes of psychiatric hospital staff toward hospitalization and treatment of patients with borderline personality disorder

BACKGROUND
Negative attitudes towards patients with borderline personality disorder (BPD) may affect their treatment. We aimed to identify attitudes toward patients with BPD.


METHODS
Clinicians in four psychiatric hospitals in Israel (n = 710; psychiatrists, psychologists, social workers and nurses) were approached and completed questionnaires on attitudes toward these patients.


RESULTS
Nurses and psychiatrists reported encountering a higher number of patients with BPD during the last month, and exhibited more negative attitudes and less empathy toward these patients than the other two professions. The whole sample evaluated the decision to hospitalize such a patient as less justified than the decision to hospitalize a patient with Major Depressive Disorder. Negative attitudes were positively correlated with caring for greater numbers of patients with BPD in the past month and in the past 12 months. Nurses expressed the highest interest in studying short-term methods for treating patients with BPD and a lower percentage of psychiatrists expressed an interest in improving their professional skills in treating these patients.


CONCLUSIONS
The findings show that nurses and psychiatrists differ from the other professions in their experience and attitudes toward patients with BPD. We conclude that nurses and psychiatrists may be the target of future studies on their attitudes toward provocative behavioral patterns (e.g., suicide attempts) characterizing these patients. We also recommend implementing workshops for improving staff attitudes toward patients with BPD.
The Effect of Commiphora molmol (Myrrh) in Treatment of Trichomoniasis vaginalis infection

BACKGROUND
Trichomoniasis vaginalis is now an important worldwide health problem. Metronidazole has so far been used in treatment, but the metronidazole-resistant strains and unpleasant adverse effects have been de-veloped. Myrrh is one of the oldest known medicinal plants used by the ancient Egyptians for medical purposes and for mummification. Commiphora molmol (Myrrh) proved safe for male reproductive organ which is the main habitat of T. vaginalis and this study aims to evaluate the efficacy of the herbal against T. vaginalis in females.


METHODS
In the present study, 33 metronidazole-resistant T. vaginalis females were treated with a combined course of metronidazole and tinidazole. Those still resistant to the combined treatment were given C. molmol. Also, natural plant extract purified from pomegranate (Punica granatum, Roman) was in-vitro investigated for its efficacy against T. vaginalis on Diamond media.


RESULTS
The anti-T. vaginalis activity of both P. granatum (in-vitro) and C. molmol (in-vivo) extracts gave promis-ing results.


CONCLUSION
The anti-T. vaginalis activity of P. granatum and C. molmol showed promising results indicating to sources of new anti-Ttrichomonas agents.
Positive and negative effects of grass, cattle, and wild herbivores on Acacia saplings in an East African savanna

Plant–plant interactions can be a complex mixture of positive and negative interactions, with the net outcome depending on abiotic and community contexts. In savanna systems, the effects of large herbivores on tree–grass interactions have rarely been studied experimentally, though these herbivores are major players in these systems. In African savannas, trees often become more abundant under heavy cattle grazing but less abundant in wildlife preserves. Woody encroachment where cattle have replaced wild herbivores may be caused by a shift in the competitive balance between trees and grasses. Here we report the results of an experiment designed to quantify the positive, negative, and net effects of grasses, wild herbivores, and cattle on Acacia saplings in a Kenyan savanna. Acacia drepanolobium saplings under four long-term herbivore regimes (wild herbivores, cattle, cattle + wild herbivores, and no large herbivores) were cleared of surrounding grass or left with the surrounding grass intact. After two years, grass-removal saplings exhibited 86% more browse damage than control saplings, suggesting that grass benefited saplings by protecting them from herbivory. However, the negative effect of grass on saplings was far greater; grass-removal trees accrued more than twice the total stem length of control trees. Where wild herbivores were present, saplings were browsed more and produced more new stem growth. Thus, the net effect of wild herbivores was positive, possibly due to the indirect effects of lower competitor tree density in areas accessible to elephants. Additionally, colonization of saplings by symbiotic ants tracked growth patterns, and colonized saplings experienced lower rates of browse damage. These results suggest that savanna tree growth and woody encroachment cannot be predicted by grass cover or herbivore type alone. Rather, tree growth appears to depend on a variety of factors that may be acting together or antagonistically at different stages of the tree’s life cycle.
Timbre-colour synaesthesia: Exploring the consistency of associations based on timbre

Synaesthesia is a rare developmental condition, in which one property of a stimulus evokes an additional percept, e.g., in music-colour synaesthesia musical sounds elicit experiences of colour (Simner et al., 2006). Synaesthetic associations are very specific and consistent over time (Ward, 2013). Indeed, consistency is often considered to be the best method for testing the authenticity of synaesthesia (Simner, 2012). Music-colour synaesthesia seems to be a frequent variant of thewider condition (Day, 2005); however, prior research has focused on associations based mostly on pitch; other auditory attributes (e.g., timbre) have been relatively unexplored. Our aim was to identify timbre-colour synaesthetes and measure the consistency of their associations. Although a test for consistency of timbre-colour associations exists in the Synesthesia Battery (Eagleman, Kagan, Nelson, Sagaram, & Sarma, 2007), the stimuli used are short melodies providing not only timbral but also pitch and musical interval information. For this reason a new online test was constructed to explore the associations based only on timbre. Synaesthetes were expected to show higher consistency of colour selection compared to controls. Synaesthetes were screened using Eagleman et al.'s (2007) musical-instrument colour test. Three females (AW, PE, RC) aged 59, 58 and 41 years old respectively (M 1⁄4 52.67, SD 1⁄4 10.12) who scored within the synaesthetic range participated in our experiment. Each synaesthete was matched to a control group of the same gender and age; AW and PE were matched to the same control group (n1⁄4 7,M1⁄4 57.43, SD1⁄4 2.87) due to their similarity in age, while RC was matched to a second control group (n 1⁄4 5, M 1⁄4 39.4, SD 1⁄4 2.33). The new online test (http://psy770.gold.ac.uk/scsyn) comprised two sections; the first was a short questionnaire regarding demographics and the nature of synaesthetic experiences; the secondwas an internal consistency task similar to Eagleman et al.'s (2007) musical-instrument colour test. The stimuli were real sounds of all musical instrument families taken from the McGill University Master Samples (MUMS, 1987) and edited on Audacity to be 1-sec long. Stimuli were