LLukas22/scidocs huggingface dataset:
On the use of multiple constant multiplication in polyphase FIR filters and filter banks

Multiple constant multiplication (MCM) has been shown to be an efficient way to reduce the number of additions and subtractions in FIR filter implementations. However, for polyphase decomposed FIR filters and filter banks, the problem can be formulated in three different ways. Either as one MCM block with all coefficients, one MCM block for each subfilter, or as a matrix MCM block. In this work we compare the approaches in terms of complexity, both for the MCM blocks and for the remaining hardware, such as structural additions and delay elements.
A phase I study of oral uracil/ftorafur (UFT) plus leucovorin and bis-acetato-ammine-dichloro-cyclohexylamine-platinum IV (JM-216) each given over 14 days every 28 days

Purpose: To determine the feasibility, maximal tolerated doses, and response rates for a combined regimen of the platinum and 5-fluorouracil oral analogues bis-acetato-ammine-dichloro-cyclohexyl-amine platinum(IV) (JM-216) and uracil/ftorafur (UFT) coadministered as a 14 consecutive-day every 28-day schedule. Methods: Of 20 patients enrolled in this investigation, 17 on the following dose escalation scheme were evaluable for toxicity and/or response: I UFT 300 mg/day, JM-216 5 mg/day (three patients), II UFT 300 mg/day, JM-216 10 mg/day (four patients), III UFT 300 mg/day, JM-216 20 mg/day (ten patients). Results: All 17 evaluable patients were evaluable for toxicity. At dose level III, dose-limiting nausea and emesis were observed in one patient despite maximal antiemetic support. Importantly, neurotoxicity and nephrotoxicity were not observed at the JM-216 dose levels examined in this study. This observation is consistent with results seen with single agent JM-216. Conclusion: For JM-216 and UFT administered at 20 mg/day and 300 mg/day over 14 days, nausea and emesis were observed as the principal dose-limiting toxicities. These doses are considerably below the maximally tolerated doses of single agent JM-216 and UFT. Shorter administration schedules should be explored in an attempt to increase the dose intensity and minimize the toxicity of this combination oral regimen.
Prospective Study of Police Officer Spouse/Partners: A New Pathway to Secondary Trauma and Relationship Violence?

INTRODUCTION
It has been reported that posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is associated with secondary spouse/partner (S/P) emotional distress and relationship violence.


OBJECTIVE
To investigate the relationships between PTSD, S/P emotional distress and relationship violence among police recruits using a prospective design.


METHODS
Two hypotheses were tested in 71 S/Ps: (1) Police officer reports of greater PTSD symptoms after 12 months of police service will be associated with greater secondary trauma symptoms among S/Ps; (2) Greater secondary trauma symptoms among S/Ps at 12 months will be associated with S/P reports of greater relationship violence.


METHODS
71 police recruits and their S/Ps were assessed at baseline and 12 months after the start of police officer duty. Using linear and logistic regression, we analyzed explanatory variables for 12 month S/P secondary traumatic stress symptoms and couple violence, including baseline S/P variables and couple violence, as well as exposure and PTSD reports from both S/P and officer.


RESULTS
S/P perception of officer PTSD symptoms predicted S/P secondary traumatic stress. OS/P secondary trauma was significantly associated with both total couple violence (.34, p = .004) and S/P to officer violence (.35, p = .003).


CONCLUSIONS
Although results from this relatively small study of young police officers and their S/Ps must be confirmed by larger studies in general populations, findings suggest that S/P perception of PTSD symptoms may play a key role in the spread of traumatic stress symptoms across intimate partner relationships and intimate partner violence in the context of PTSD.
SCATTERING ANALYSIS OF A PRINTED DIPOLE ANTENNA USING PBG STRUCTURES

A novel broadband design of a printed dipole antenna using PBG (photonic band-gap) structures is proposed and studied in the electromagnetic scattering. The high surface impedance and a frequency gap are used to reduce RCS (radar cross section) across needed frequency range (3.7–4.5 GHz). Because the high surface impedance restrains the surface waves, the obtained results show that RCS is reduced by 15 dB at resonance frequency and radiation characteristics of the antenna at operating frequencies are improved. The method of RCS reduction is suggested, and experimental results are presented.
Photon Energy Spectrum in B → Xs + γ and comparison with Data

Abstract A comparison of the inclusive photon energy spectrum in the radiative decay B → X S + γ , measured recently by the CLEO Collaboration, with the standard model is presented, using a B -meson wave function model and improving earlier perturbative QCD-based computations of the same. The dependence of the photon energy spectrum on the non-perturbative model parameters, p F , the b -quark Fermi momentum in the B hadron, and m q , the spectator quark mass, is explicitly shown, allowing a comparison of these parameters with the ones obtained from the analysis of the lepton energy spectrum in semileptonic B decays. Taking into account present uncertainties, we estimate BR( B → X s + γ ) = (2.55 ± 1.28) × 10 −4 in the standard model, assuming |V ts | |V cb | = 1.0 . Comparing this with the CLEO measurement BR( B → X s + γ ) = (2.32±0.67) × 10 −4 implies |V ts | |V cb | = 1.1 ± 0.43 , in agreement with the CKM unitarity.
Wide phenotypic variability in families with holoprosencephaly and a sonic hedgehog mutation

Mutations in the human sonic hedgehog gene ( SHH) are the most frequent cause of autosomal dominant inherited holoprosencephaly (HPE), a complex brain malformation resulting from incomplete cleavage of the developing forebrain into two separate hemispheres and ventricles. Here we report the clinical and molecular findings in five unrelated patients with HPE and their relatives with an identified SHH mutation. Three new and one previously reported SHH mutations were identified, a fifth proband was found to carry a reciprocal subtelomeric rearrangement involving the SHH locus in 7q36. An extremely wide intrafamilial phenotypic variability was observed, ranging from the classical phenotype with alobar HPE accompanied by typical severe craniofacial abnormalities to very mild clinical signs of choanal stenosis or solitary median maxillary central incisor (SMMCI) only. Two families were initially ascertained because of microcephaly in combination with developmental delay and/or mental retardation and SMMCI, the latter being a frequent finding in patients with an identified SHH mutation. In other affected family members a delay in speech acquisition and learning disabilities were the leading clinical signs. Conclusion: mutational analysis of the sonic hedgehog gene should not only be considered in patients presenting with the classical holoprosencephaly phenotype but also in those with two or more clinical signs of the wide phenotypic spectrum of associated abnormalities, especially in combination with a positive family history.
The 1943 Lake Hawea earthquake—a large subcrustal event beneath the Southern Alps of New Zealand

Abstract A re‐assessment of both instrumental and macroseismic data for the earthquake felt widely in the South Island of New Zealand on 1943 May 08 indicates that it was a subcrustal ML 5.9 event c. 50 km deep located near the head of Lake Hawea. This location places it in the uppermost mantle beneath the crustal root of the Southern Alps, within the dipping seismic zone defined by well‐located smaller earthquakes. Both the rupture dimension of the 1943 earthquake and the planar nature of the dipping seismic zone itself imply that the uppermost mantle in this region is rigid on c. 10 km and c. 100 km length scales, consistent with recent numerical models of lithospheric deformation. Subduction of rigid mantle lithosphere provides an explanation for the unusual isoseismal pattern for the 1943 event.
Structure of One-Axis Controlled Repulsive Type Magnetic Bearing System With Surface Permanent Magnets Installed and Its Levitation and Rotation Tests

This paper deals with a new bearing structure of one-axis controlled repulsive type magnetic bearing system that has a motor function of a surface permanent magnet (SPM). We evaluated the magnetic bearing structures by using the 4-pole 4-segment type and 4-pole Halbach array, which were placed around cylindrical permanent magnet sets as field magnets. The comparison of magnetic flux density in the radial direction measured by finite-element analysis indicated that the Halbach array has advantages over the 4-segment type in terms of the total harmonic distortion and internal magnetic influence. Additionally, levitation and rotation tests were performed by implementing each bearing configuration in a newly developed equipment. In both bearing configurations, stable levitation at zero-power position was established and high-speed rotation up to around 16 000 rpm was achieved. As a result, the Halbach array slightly saved electric power. Its total input power to the motor was approximately 1.2 W.
Activity Analysis as a Method for Information Systems Development: General Introduction and Experiments from Nigeria and Finland

This paper investigates if the Activity-Theoretical methods of work development used by Engeström and others can be transformed into a day-to-day methodology for information systems practitioners. We first present and justify our theoretical framework of Activity Analysis and Development fairly extensively. In the second part we compare work development with information systems development and argue that in its less technological areas, the latter can potentially use the same methodologies as the former. In the third part, small experiments on using Activity Analysis during the earliest phases of information systems development in Nigeria and Finland are reported. In conclusion, we argue that the experiments were encouraging, but the methodology needs to be supported by further illustrative examples and training material. We argue that compared to currently used methods in the earliest and latest “phases” of systems development, Activity Analysis and Development is comprehensive, theoretically well founded, detailed and practicable. ©Scandinavian Journal of Information Systems, 2000, 12: 191191
Reliability and validity of the clinical COPD questionniare and chronic respiratory questionnaire.

BACKGROUND
Questionnaires are often used in assessing health-related quality of life in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). It is important that these questionnaires have good reliability, validity, and responsiveness. The aim of this study was to investigate and compare these properties in the disease specific Clinical COPD Questionnaire (CCQ) and the Chronic Respiratory Questionnaire self-reported (CRQ-SR).


METHODS
Two hundred ninety six participants with spirometry confirmed mild to moderate COPD were included in a smoking cessation trial. It was assumed that health-related quality of life would improve in participants who stopped smoking. The questionnaires were administered at baseline and at weeks 5, 26, and 52 after the target quit date.


RESULTS
At baseline, 292 (97%) participants returned the CCQ and 296 (100%) the CRQ-SR questionnaire. For both instruments, the internal consistency was good (Cronbach's alpha >70%) as was the convergent validity with each other but not with spirometry. The CCQ was responsive to improvements in respiratory symptoms at both week 26 (-1.02, SD = 0.81) and 52 (-1.04, SD = 0.91) and in the total score at week 26 (-0.54, SD = 0.50) and 52 (-0.43, SD = 0.44). The mastery domain and the total score of the CRQ-SR were responsive at week 26 (1.14, SD = 0.82; 0.67, SD = 0.97 respectively) but not at week 52 (0.04, SD = 0.93; 0.38, SD = 0.57 respectively).


CONCLUSION
Both the CCQ and CRQ-SR are equally reliable and valid. The long-term responsiveness of the CCQ is better. Both questionnaires can be used in future studies involving patients with mild to moderate COPD. However, when the follow-up exceeds 26 weeks, the CCQ is the recommended alternative. Netherlands Trial Register: ISRCTN 64481813.
Advances in Digital Forensics XIV

This chapter describes a method for obtaining a quantitative measure of the relative weight of each individual item of evidence in a digital forensic investigation using a Bayesian network. The resulting evidential weights can then be used to determine a near-optimal, cost-effective triage scheme for the investigation in question.
Molecular characterisation of Haemoglobin Constant Spring and Haemoglobin Quong Sze with a Combine-Amplification Refractory Mutation System.

BACKGROUND
The interaction of the non-deletional α(+)-thalassaemia mutations Haemoglobin Constant Spring and Haemoglobin Quong Sze with the Southeast Asian double α-globin gene deletion results in non-deletional Haemoglobin H disease. Accurate detection of non-deletional Haemoglobin H disease, which is associated with severe phenotypes, is necessary as these mutations have been confirmed in the Malaysian population.


METHODS
DNA from two families with Haemoglobin H disease was extracted from EDTA-anticoagulated whole blood and subjected to molecular analysis for α-thalassaemia. A duplex polymerase chain reaction was used to detect the Southeast Asian α-globin gene deletion. Polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis was then carried out to determine the presence of Haemoglobin Constant Spring and Haemoglobin Quong Sze. A combine-amplification refractory mutation system protocol was optimised and implemented for the rapid and specific molecular characterisation of Haemoglobin Constant Spring and Haemoglobin Quong Sze in a single polymerase chain reaction.


RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS
The combine-amplification refractory mutation system for Haemoglobin Constant Spring and Haemoglobin Quong Sze, together with the duplex polymerase chain reaction, provides accurate pre- and postnatal diagnosis of non-deletional Haemoglobin H disease and allows detailed genotype analyses using minimal quantities of DNA.
Estimation of cutting forces and surface roughness for hard turning using neural networks

Metal cutting mechanics is quite complicated and it is very difficult to develop a comprehensive model which involves all cutting parameters affecting machining variables. In this study, machining variables such as cutting forces and surface roughness are measured during turning at different cutting parameters such as approaching angle, speed, feed and depth of cut. The data obtained by experimentation is analyzed and used to construct model using neural networks. The model obtained is then tested with the experimental data and results are indicated.
Characteristics of the healthy brain project sample: representing diversity among study participants.

PURPOSE
Description of study participants and documentation of the desired diversity in the Prevention Research Centers Healthy Aging Research Network's Workgroup on Promoting Cognitive Health large multisite study designed to examine attitudes about brain health, behaviors associated with its maintenance, and information-receiving preferences among a diverse group of older Americans, to provide a foundation for developing health promotion interventions.


DESIGN AND METHODS
Four hundred fifty older adults in 55 focus groups at 9 sites completed a common participant survey. Using descriptive statistics, the analysis compares participant characteristics (age, sex, and race/ethnicity; rural-urban location; income and education; social activity; physical activity, nutrition, and body mass index; and self-reported measures of cognitive function) across sites and with national data.


RESULTS
Comparisons across sites document the rich diversity of the sample.


IMPLICATIONS
The substantial representation of a variety of demographic groups suggests that the qualitative data obtained in the focus group research provide a useful basis for developing well-targeted communication interventions for promoting brain health in diverse populations.
Retrograde Versus Antegrade Femoral Bone Graft Harvesting Using the Reamer-Irrigator-Aspirator.

OBJECTIVES
To compare retrograde versus antegrade femoral bone graft harvesting using the reamer-irrigator-aspirator system to determine whether there was any difference in intraoperative, postoperative, or patient outcome variables.


DESIGN
Retrospective cohort study.


SETTING
Urban Level I Trauma Center.


PATIENTS/PARTICIPANTS
Ninety-four (62 antegrade and 32 retrograde procedures) consecutive adult patients who underwent femoral autologous bone graft harvesting using the Synthes reamer-irrigator-aspirator system between April 2008 and March 2013.


MAIN OUTCOME MEASUREMENTS
Amount of bone graft, perioperative fractures or other complications, and postoperative hip and/or knee pain.


RESULTS
There was no significant difference between demographic or medical comorbidities between the groups. There was no significant difference in the side of the graft harvest, graft volume, hospital length of stay, or the ability to ambulate on postoperative day 1. There was a significantly increased incidence of iatrogenic fracture or prophylactic nailing with antegrade reaming (4 vs. 0, P = 0.01). Average length of follow-up was 500 (range, 20-1477) days for the antegrade group and 378 (range, 19-706) days for the retrograde group. The antegrade group had a nonsignificant increased incidence of hip pain (8.1% vs. 3.1%, P = 0.66), and the retrograde group had a significantly higher incidence of knee pain (15.6% vs. 1.6%, P = 0.02) at 6-month follow-up. Neither hip nor knee complaints were present at final follow-up. No cases of delayed femur fracture, infection, or abductor and/or antalgic gait involving the donor extremity were seen at final follow-up.


CONCLUSIONS
This study provides support to the safety of femoral bone graft harvesting using both antegrade and retrograde techniques. Both techniques provide reliable, high-volume, nonstructural autologous bone graft with minimal associated morbidity.


LEVEL OF EVIDENCE
Therapeutic Level III. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.
Comparative effectiveness of antihypertensive treatment for older children with primary hypertension: study protocol for a series of n-of-1 randomized trials

BACKGROUND
Children are increasingly being diagnosed with primary hypertension. The absence of comparative effectiveness research of antihypertensive medications in children has contributed to considerable differences in prescribing practices among physicians treating children with primary hypertension. Even if parallel-group trials had established a best overall choice for most of these children, the best medication for an individual may differ from the best overall medication.


METHODS/DESIGN
This project consists of a series of systematically administered n-of-1 trials among older children to verify the need for ongoing antihypertensive treatment and, if so, to identify the preferred single drug therapy from among the three major classes of drugs commonly used for primary hypertension (angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors, calcium channel blockers, and diuretics). We will determine whether one of these is the preferred therapy for the great majority of patients. The "preferred" therapy is the drug which produces normal ambulatory blood pressure, with the greatest reduction in blood pressure without unacceptable side effects. We will recruit 50 patients from the Houston Pediatric and Adolescent Hypertension Program clinic. For each patient, the three drugs will be prescribed in random order and each drug will be taken for 2 weeks. The effectiveness of each therapy will be measured with 24-h ambulatory blood pressure monitoring, and tolerability will be assessed using a side effect questionnaire. Participants will rotate through treatment periods, repeating drugs and adjusting doses until the preferred therapy is identified. In assessing whether one of the medications is most effective for the majority of subjects, the primary outcome will be the percentage of participants for whom each drug is selected as the preferred therapy. We hypothesize that no drug will be selected for the great majority of the subjects, a finding that would support consideration of clinical use of n-of-1 trials. Secondary analyses will explore whether patient characteristics predict which medication will be selected as a preferred drug.


DISCUSSION
This study will help optimize care of participating patients and provide evidence regarding the usefulness of n-of-1 trials in identifying appropriate treatment for children with hypertension and potentially other disorders.


TRIAL REGISTRATION
Clinicaltrials.gov NCT02412761 (registered 4/8/2015).
Confusion Matrix-based Feature Selection

This paper introduces a new technique for feature selection and illustrates it on a real data set. Namely, the proposed approach creates subsets of attributes based on two criteria: (1) individual attributes have high discrimination (classification) power; and (2) the attributes in the subset are complementary that is, they misclassify different classes. The method uses information from a confusion matrix and evaluates one attribute at a time.
Changes in accessibility and preferences predict children's future fruit and vegetable intake

BACKGROUND
Most children eat fewer fruits and vegetables than recommended. To be able to design effective interventions, understanding the aetiology of the behaviour is important. Accessibility and preferences have shown to be strong correlates of fruit and vegetable intake in several cross-sectional studies. The aim of this study was to identify predictors of future fruit and vegetable intake and to explore longitudinal patterns of interactions between accessibility and preferences.


METHODS
Data presented are based on baseline (September 2001) and follow-up (May/June 2002) surveys of 20 control schools in the Norwegian intervention study Fruits and Vegetables Make the Marks. A total of 816 pupils (77%) completed both baseline and follow-up questionnaires. The average age of the sample at baseline was 11.8 years. The research instrument assessing potential predictor variables was guided by Social Cognitive Theory, and included Accessibility at home, Accessibility at school, Modelling, Intention, Preferences, Self-Efficacy and Awareness of the 5-a-day recommendations. Multiple regression analyses were performed.


RESULTS
All independent variables (measured at baseline) were significantly correlated to future fruit and vegetable intake (measured at follow-up). When reported fruit and vegetable intake at baseline (past intake) was included in this model, the effect of the other independent variables diminished. Together with past intake, the observed change in the independent variables from baseline to follow-up explained 43% of the variance in the reported intake at follow-up. Past intake remained the strongest predictor, but changes in accessibility at home and at school, as well as changes in preferences for fruits and vegetables, also explained significant amounts of the variance in fruit and vegetable intake at follow-up. In addition, baseline accessibility was found to moderate the relationship between change in preferences and change in intake.


CONCLUSION
Change in accessibility and preferences appear to be important predictors of future fruit and vegetable intake among school children. Interventions should focus on strategies to modify these factors.