LLukas22/scidocs huggingface dataset:
Intelligent Road Management System for Daily Transit

Rampant growth in population has imposed threats of surging traffic density. With the introduction of Smart Pole System the problem of congestion has been alleviated to a great extent. The main motto of this paper is reducing the traffic congestion with Smart Pole System in which dividers are replaced with smart poles which can be adjusted remotely based on traffic density by providing the user an additional path which reduces the wear and tear of vehicles and traffic congestion thereby increasing the road usability which in turn helps the environment. The concept of polling system dominates traditional concept of the road divider in factors like cost, time to build, effectiveness by replacing dividers with poles that move up and down based on traffic density, making roads smarter, which uses the IoT and embedded systems with the computers and electronic sensors. It provides a lane for emergency vehicles meeting the requirement of emergency. The polling system saves the time for people and reduces the pollution. This system can be even implemented at the toll gates. This design also includes the automatic control of street lights and barricade control during flooding due to heavy rains or natural calamities.
Dermoscopy of squamous cell carcinoma and keratoacanthoma.

OBJECTIVES To characterize dermoscopic criteria of squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) and keratoacanthoma and to compare them with other lesions. DESIGN Observer-masked study of consecutive lesions performed from March 1 through December 31, 2011. SETTING Primary care skin cancer practice in Brisbane, Australia. PARTICIPANTS A total of 186 patients with 206 lesions. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Sensitivity, specificity, predictive values, and odds ratios. RESULTS In a retrospective analysis of 60 invasive SCC and 43 keratoacanthoma cases, keratin, surface scale, blood spots, white structureless zones, white circles, and coiled vessels were commonly found in both types of lesions. We reevaluated the significance of these criteria in 206 raised, nonpigmented lesions (32 SCCs, 29 keratoacanthomas, and 145 other lesions). Central keratin was more common in keratoacanthoma than in SCC (51.2% vs 30.0%, P = .03). Keratin had the highest sensitivity for keratoacanthoma and SCC (79%), and white circles had the highest specificity (87%). When keratoacanthoma and SCC were contrasted with basal cell carcinoma, the positive predictive values of keratin and white circles were 92% and 89%, respectively. When SCC and keratoacanthoma were contrasted with actinic keratosis and Bowen disease, the positive predictive value of keratin was 50% and that of white circles was 92%. In a multivariate model, white circles, keratin, and blood spots were independent predictors of SCC and keratoacanthoma. White circles had the highest odds ratio in favor of SCC and keratoacanthoma. The interobserver agreement for white circles was good (0.55; 95% CI, 0.44-0.65). CONCLUSIONS White circles, keratin, and blood spots are useful clues to differentiate SCC and keratoacanthoma from other raised nonpigmented skin lesions by dermoscopy. The significance of these criteria depends on the clinical context.
Optimal portfolios of a small investor in a limit order market: a shadow price approach

We study Merton’s portfolio optimization problem in a limit order market. An investor trading in a limit order market has the choice between market orders that allow immediate transactions and limit orders that trade at more favorable prices but are executed only when another market participant places a corresponding market order. Assuming Poisson arrivals of market orders from other traders we use a shadow price approach, similar to Kallsen and MuhleKarbe [9] for models with proportional transaction costs, to show that the optimal strategy consists of using market orders to keep the proportion of wealth invested in the risky asset within certain boundaries, similar to the result for proportional transaction costs, while within these boundaries limit orders are used to profit from the bid-ask spread. Although the given best-bid and best-ask price processes are geometric Brownian motions the resulting shadow price process possesses jumps.
The objectification of overlearned sequences: A new view of spatial sequence synesthesia

In the phenomenon of spatial sequence synesthesia (SSS), subjects can articulate explicit spatial locations for sequences such as numbers, letters, weekdays, months, years, and other overlearned series. Similarly, abstract sequences can take on implicit spatial representations in non-synesthetes, as evidenced by the spatial numerical association of response codes (SNARC) effect. An open question is whether the two findings represent different degrees of the same condition, or different conditions. To address this, we developed computer programs to quantify three-dimensional (3D) month-form coordinates in 571 self-reported spatial sequence synesthetes; this approach opens the door for the first time to quantified large-scale analysis. First, despite the common assumption that month-forms tend to be elliptical, we find this to be true in only a minority of cases. Second, we find that 27% of month forms are in the shape of lines, consistent with the assumed shape of implicit spatial forms in the SNARC effect. Next, we find that the majority of month forms are biased in a left-to-right direction, also consistent with the directional bias in the SNARC effect (in Western speakers). Collectively, these findings support the possibility that SSS is directly related to the sequence representations in non-synesthetes. While the search for neural correlates has concentrated on areas in the parietal lobe involved in numeric manipulation and coordinate systems, we propose that the basis of this synesthesia may be the close proximity of temporal lobe regions implicated in sequence coding and visual object representation.
Estimating Snow Accumulation From InSAR Correlation Observations

Snow accumulation in remote regions, such as Greenland and Antarctica, is a key factor for estimating the Earth's ice mass balance. In situ data are sparse; hence, they are useful to derive snow accumulation from remote sensing observations, such as microwave thermal emission and radar brightness. These data are usually interpreted using electromagnetic models in which volume scattering is the dominant mechanism. The main limitation of this approach is that microwave brightness is not well related to backscatter if the ice sheet is layered. Because larger grain size and thicker annual layers both increase radar image brightness, with the first corresponding to lower accumulation rate and the second to higher accumulation rate, models of radar brightness alone cannot accurately reflect accumulation. Consideration of correlation measurements can also resolve this ambiguity. We introduce an interferometric ice scattering model that relates the interferometric synthetic aperture radar correlation and radar brightness to both ice grain size and hoar layer spacing in the dry-snow zone of Greenland. We use this model and the European Remote Sensing satellite radar observations to derive several parameters related to snow accumulation rates in a small area in the dry-snow zone. These parameters show agreement with four in situ core accumulation rate measurements in this area, whereas models using only radar brightness data do not match the observed variation in accumulation rates
Peripherally Inserted Central Catheter Using the Saphenous Vein: Importance of Two-View Radiographs to Determine the Tip Location

Two cases are described in which a peripherally inserted central catheter tip in the saphenous vein appeared to be in the inferior vena cava by an anteroposterior abdominal radiograph, but a lateral view revealed the catheter tip to be outside the inferior vena cava. The actual location of the catheter tip placement may be misleading with a single radiograph. Two-view radiographs should be considered to assure the proper catheter tip placement.
Reward Reason Step Policy Based Agent Query Node : Band of Brothers Reason Task :

We study the problem of learning to reason in large scale knowledge graphs (KGs). More specifically, we describe a novel reinforcement learning framework for learning multi-hop relational paths: we use a policy-based agent with continuous states based on knowledge graph embeddings, which reasons in a KG vector space by sampling the most promising relation to extend its path. In contrast to prior work, our approach includes a reward function that takes the accuracy, diversity, and efficiency into consideration. Experimentally, we show that our proposed method outperforms a path-ranking based algorithm and knowledge graph embedding methods on Freebase and Never-Ending Language Learning datasets.1
The rise of Keynesian economics: Britain 1940—64

This paper investigates the political economy surrounding the introduction of Keynesian economic policy in Britain in 1941. It then goes on to discuss why the neoclassical synthesis variant of Keynesianism was consolidated and why other potentially more radical forms of Keynesianism were not pursued. In the discussion the view that there never was a Keynesian policy in Britain is rejected.
Monitoring Training Load and Fatigue in Rugby Sevens Players

PURPOSE
Trainers and physical fitness coaches' need a useful tool to assess training loads to avoid overtraining. However, perceived scales or questionnaires were required. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to assess whether a short 8-item questionnaire of fatigue could be a useful tool for monitoring changes in perceived training load and strain among elite rugby Sevens (7s) players during preparation for a major competition.


METHODS
Sixteen elite rugby 7s players completed an 8-week training program composed of 6-week intense training (IT) and 2-week reduced training (RT). They were tested before (T0), after the IT (T1) and after the RT (T2). The quantification of the perceived training load and strain were performed by the session-RPE (rating of perceived exertion) method and concomitantly the 8-item questionnaire of fatigue was administered.


RESULTS
Training load (TL) and strain (TS) and total score of fatigue (TSF from the 8-item questionnaire) increased during IT and decreased during RT. Simultaneously, physical performances decreased during IT and were improved after LT. The changes in TL, TS and TSF correlated significantly over the training period (r=0.63-0.83).


CONCLUSIONS
These findings suggest that the short questionnaire of fatigue could be a practical and a sensitive tool for monitoring changes in training load and strain in team-sport athletes. Accordingly, the simultaneous use of the short questionnaire of fatigue along with the session-RPE method for perceived changes in training load and strain during training could provide additional information on the athletes' status, allowing coaches to prevent eventual states of overreaching or overtraining.
Network Traffic Prediction Using Radial Basis Function Neural Network Optimized by Ant Colony Algorithm

The disadvantages of the traditional radial basis function (RBF) neural network during the network traffic prediction process, such as a slow convergence rate and easy occurrence of local optima, result in low prediction precision. In this study, the ant colony optimization (ACO) algorithm is used to optimize the parameters of the RBF neural network for network traffic prediction. ACO is used to train the width and centre of the basis function of the RBF neural network, simplify the network structure, accelerate the convergence speed, prevent the occurrence of local optima, and improve the generalist ability of the RBF neural network. The experimental results show that compared with the genetic algorithm (GA)-RBF and particle swarm optimization (PSO)-RBF traffic prediction models, the proposed model exhibits higher prediction accuracy and can describe the varying trends in the network traffic well. The model used in this study exhibits strong generalization ability and good stability and therefore has practical value in network traffic prediction. Copyright © 2014 IFSA Publishing, S. L.
Master Data Management Roles - Their Part in Data Quality Implementation

Executive Summary/Abstract:. Timely implementation of a Master Data Management (MDM) Organisation is essential and requires a structured design. This presentation covers the way MDM processes and roles can link the business users to metadata and enable improved master data management , through disciplined organisation alignment and training. As organisations implement integrated ERP systems, the attention on master data is often limited to Data Migration. Therefore, a plan for recovery is frequently required.
Effect of homocysteine-lowering therapy with folic acid, vitamin B12, and vitamin B6 on clinical outcome after percutaneous coronary intervention: the Swiss Heart study: a randomized controlled trial.

CONTEXT
Plasma homocysteine level has been recognized as an important cardiovascular risk factor that predicts adverse cardiac events in patients with established coronary atherosclerosis and influences restenosis rate after percutaneous coronary intervention.


OBJECTIVE
To evaluate the effect of homocysteine-lowering therapy on clinical outcome after percutaneous coronary intervention.


DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS
Randomized, double-blind placebo-controlled trial involving 553 patients referred to the University Hospital in Bern, Switzerland, from May 1998 to April 1999 and enrolled after successful angioplasty of at least 1 significant coronary stenosis (> or = 50%).


INTERVENTION
Participants were randomly assigned to receive a combination of folic acid (1 mg/d), vitamin B12 (cyanocobalamin, 400 micro g/d), and vitamin B6 (pyridoxine hydrochloride, 10 mg/d) (n = 272) or placebo (n = 281) for 6 months.


MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE
Composite end point of major adverse events defined as death, nonfatal myocardial infarction, and need for repeat revascularization, evaluated at 6 months and 1 year.


RESULTS
After a mean (SD) follow-up of 11 (3) months, the composite end point was significantly lower at 1 year in patients treated with homocysteine-lowering therapy (15.4% vs 22.8%; relative risk [RR], 0.68; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.48-0.96; P =.03), primarily due to a reduced rate of target lesion revascularization (9.9% vs 16.0%; RR, 0.62; 95% CI, 0.40-0.97; P =.03). A nonsignificant trend was seen toward fewer deaths (1.5% vs 2.8%; RR, 0.54; 95% CI, 0.16-1.70; P =.27) and nonfatal myocardial infarctions (2.6% vs 4.3%; RR, 0.60; 95% CI, 0.24-1.51; P =.27) with homocysteine-lowering therapy. These findings remained unchanged after adjustment for potential confounders.


CONCLUSION
Homocysteine-lowering therapy with folic acid, vitamin B12, and vitamin B6 significantly decreases the incidence of major adverse events after percutaneous coronary intervention.
Impact of mannose-binding lectin deficiency on radiocontrast-induced renal dysfunction: a post-hoc analysis of a multicenter randomized controlled trial

BACKGROUND
Local renal ischemia is regarded as an important factor in the development of contrast-induced nephropathy (CIN). Mannose-binding lectin (MBL) is involved in the tissue damage during experimental ischemia/reperfusion injury of the kidneys. The aim of the present study was to investigate the association of MBL deficiency with radiocontrast-induced renal dysfunction in a large prospective cohort.


METHODS
246 patients with advanced non-dialysis-dependent renal dysfunction who underwent radiographic contrast procedures were included in the study. Baseline serum MBL levels were analyzed according to the occurrence of a creatinine-based (increase of ≥ 0.5 mg/dL or ≥ 25% within 48 hours) or cystatin C-based (increase of ≥ 10% within 24 hours) CIN.


RESULTS
The incidence of creatinine-based and cystatin C-based CIN was 6.5% and 24%, respectively. MBL levels were not associated with the occurrence of creatinine-based CIN. However, patients that experienced a cystatin C increase of ≥ 10% showed significantly higher MBL levels than patients with a rise of <10% (median 2885 (IQR 1193-4471) vs. 1997 (IQR 439-3504)ng/mL, p = 0.01). In logistic regression analysis MBL deficiency (MBL levels ≤ 500 ng/ml) was identified as an inverse predictor of a cystatin C increase ≥ 10% (OR 0.34, 95% CI 0.15-0.8, p = 0.01).


CONCLUSION
MBL deficiency was associated with a reduced radiocontrast-induced renal dysfunction as reflected by the course of cystatin C. Our findings support a possible role of MBL in the pathogenesis of CIN.
Clinical features and outcomes of IgA nephropathy with nephrotic syndrome.

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES
Nephrotic syndrome (NS) is a rare manifestation of IgA nephropathy (IgAN). Clinical characteristics and long-term outcomes of this condition have not yet been explored.


DESIGN, SETTING, PARTICIPANTS, & MEASUREMENTS
A multicenter observational study was conducted between January 2000 and September 2010 in 1076 patients with biopsy-proven IgAN from four medical centers in Korea. The primary outcome was a doubling of the baseline serum creatinine concentration.


RESULTS
Of the 1076 patients, 100 (10.2%) presented with NS; complete remission (CR), partial remission (PR), and no response (NR) occurred in 48 (48%), 32 (32%), and 20 (20%) patients, respectively. During the median follow-up of 45.2 months, 24 patients (24%) in the NS group reached the primary endpoint compared with 63 (7.1%) in the non-NS group (P<0.001). The risk of reaching the primary endpoint was significantly higher in the PR (P=0.04) and NR groups (P<0.001) than in the CR group. Among patients with NS, 24 (24%) underwent spontaneous remission (SR). SR occurred more frequently in female patients and in patients with serum creatinine levels ≤1.2 mg/dl and a >50% decrease in proteinuria within 3 months after NS onset. None of the patients with SR reached the primary endpoint and they had fewer relapses during follow-up.


CONCLUSIONS
This study demonstrated that the prognosis of NS in IgAN was not favorable unless PR or CR was achieved. In addition, SR was more common than expected, particularly in patients with preserved kidney function and spontaneous decrease in proteinuria shortly after NS onset.
Quality Management in Health Systems of Developed and Developing Countries: Which Approaches and Models are Appropriate?

BACKGROUND
Quality Management is one of the most effective strategies for improving the health systems performance in developed and developing countries. The main goal of this study was identifying the most important aspects of quality management and preparing an appropriate model for health system.


METHOD
This research was a comparative study on quality management models in the health systems of different countries. We have selected, as a sample, different countries in Asia, Africa, North America, Europe, and South America having a background in using various samples of total quality models in their health units. The studies also included the experiences of World Health Organization in different countries.


RESULTS
The main goals for promoting quality in the countries are being studied includes service efficiency increase, promoting services delivery, promoting quality of working life, and changing organizational culture. Total approaches used for the countries studied include quality Assurance, Cultural change, ISO 9001, TQM and improving services quality. There are not generally outcomes criteria in 22 cases of the studies done in the developing countries. The most important problems revealed in establishing the quality management, organizational resistance against the change, lack of senior management commitments, lack of strategic planning and lack of required resources.


CONCLUSION
The models for quality management should pay attention to the cultural change strategies, staff participation, strategic vision and Strategic planning. Strategic total quality management is the appropriate model in this regard.
The Simple Economics of Open Source

There has been a recent surge of interest in open source software development, which involves developers at many different locations and organizations sharing code to develop and refine programs. To an economist, the behavior of individual programmers and commercial companies engaged in open source projects is initially startling. This paper makes a preliminary exploration of the economics of open source software. We highlight the extent to which labor economics, especially the literature on “career concerns,” can explain many of these projects’ features. Aspects of the future of open source development process, however, remain somewhat difficult to predict with “offthe-shelf” economic models. Josh Lerner Jean Triole Harvard Business School Institut D'Economie Indutrielle (IDEI) Morgan Hall, Room 395 Manufacture des Tabacs MF529 Boston, MA 02163, 21 Allées de Brienne and NBER 31000 Toulouse Cedex FRANCE jlerner@hbs.edu tirole@cict.fr
Industrial software training opportunities for computer professionals

Industrial software training is becoming big business. The magnitude of the problem of producing a sufficient number of well-trained software engineers has led to a proliferation of internal corporate training divisions and programs in software education. Such programs are becoming an added incentive in the hiring and retention of software professionals. Industry is no longer limiting its efforts to developing and teaching specific skill-related courses. Individual corporations are offering a software education the equivalent of a bachelor and/or master's degree, sometimes with university credit. While many of these programs involve cooperation between industry and university, others are obvious attempts to provide education felt lacking in the university setting. Each decade finds new contributions to the computer science education literature on the gap between university education and industrial needs for trained software producers [1, 4, 5, 7, 9, 10]. A capitulation statement on the part of one educator recently appeared in the Open Channel forum of the IEEE Computer:
 &ldquoUniversities should expose students to modern technologies but leave training in the use of these technologies to industry, which should expect to provide months of training to new employees.”[12] Not all corporations can afford such intensive training programs. In view of our collective software personnel needs, the lack of personnel qualified to develop, package and lead training programs, and the economic investment such programs require, a collective effort should be established. Minimally, we need a vehicle for inter-corporate sharing of training products and direct incentives for universities and colleges to educate productive software engineers.
THE MULTIPLE FACETS OF THE ASSOCIAHEDRON

This is a survey of some of the nice properties of the associahedron (also called Stasheff polytope) from several points of views: topological, geometrical, combinatorial and algebraic.
Do overactive bladder symptoms improve after repair of anterior vaginal wall prolapse?

This study aims to evaluate the changes of overactive bladder symptoms to anterior vaginal wall prolapse repair. Ninety-three consecutive women with symptomatic anterior vaginal wall prolapse ≥ stage II and coexistent overactive bladder symptoms were prospectively studied using a urinalysis, urodynamics, King’s Health Questionnaire (KHQ), Prolapse Quality of Life (P-QOL) questionnaire and pelvic organ prolapse quantification (POP-Q) system before and 1 year after surgery. All women underwent a standard fascial anterior repair. Postoperatively, urinary frequency, urgency and urge incontinence disappeared in 60, 70 and 82% of women respectively (p value < 0.001). The vaginal examination findings as well as the quality of life of the women assessed using KHQ and P-QOL significantly improved after surgery (p value < 0.001). This study has demonstrated that anterior vaginal repair does produce significant improvement in overactive bladder symptoms. A larger longer-term study is required to assess if these changes persist over time.