LLukas22/scidocs huggingface dataset:
Promotion of behavioural change in people with hypertension: an intervention study

Objective To assess the efficacy of a comprehensive motivational approach in reducing blood pressure in Italian patients with hypertension. Method Two hundred and ninety-two first visit patients with hypertension without diabetes and dyslipidemia and with BMI < 28 were enrolled. One hundred and forty-two were randomly assigned to a Control group (C) and 150 to an Intervention group (I). A ten-multiple-choice questionnaire was developed to evaluate the effect of the intervention on lifestyle modification. Patients were given the questionnaire, had their BP measured and drug therapy registered before educational intervention and 12 months later. Group I patients participated in the focus group and in the role play 2 and 4 months, respectively, after recruitment. Group C patients received the oral information. Main outcome measure Blood pressure values and lifestyle modification. An intention to treat analysis was undertaken. Analysis was performed using SPSS version 15.0. Results Of the 150 group I patients, 58 participated in both focus group and role play, 30 participated only in focus group and the remaining 62 never participated. After 12 months, there was a significant reduction of BP for group I (P < 0.001) and a significant reduction only for systolic BP in group C (P = 0.01). Diastolic BP and systolic BP decreased more markedly in group I than in group C, with P < 0.001 for both. We found a significant improvement of lifestyle modification after 12 months of follow-up concerning some aspects in both groups. Conclusion Our findings show that a motivational approach is a powerful tool for achieving better blood pressure control and is an essential skill for all healthcare professionals.
Projections of Fish Survival in US Streams after Global Warming

US Environmental Protection Agency, Mid-Continent Ecology Division and Office of Research and Development
ON THE USE OF REDUNDANCY IN SUCCESSIVE APPROXIMATION A / D CONVERTERS

In practical realizations of sequential (or pipelined) A/D converters, some form of redundancy is typically employed to help absorb imperfections in the underlying circuits. The purpose of this paper is to review the various ways in which redundancy has been used in successive approximating register (SAR) ADCs, and to connect findings from the information theory community to ideas that drive modern hardware realizations. Keywords— A/D conversion, redundancy, successive approximation, beta expansion
Specific monoclonal antibody productivity and the cell cycle-comparisons of batch, continuous and perfusion cultures

A selection of mouse hybridoma cell lines showed a variation of approximately two orders of magnitude in intracellular monoclonal antibody contents. The different levels directly influenced apparent specific monoclonal antibody productivity during the death phase but not during the growth phase of a batch culture. The pattern of changes in specific productivity during culture remained basically similar even though at different levels for all cell lines tested. Arresting the cells in the G1 phase using thymidine increased the specific productivity, cell volume and intracellular antibody content but at the same time led to decreased viability. In continuous culture DNA synthesis decreased with decreasing dilution rate though without an accompanying change in cell cycle and cell size distributions. The data shows both the decrease in viability and intracellular antibody content to be important factors which influence the negative association between specific antibody productivity and growth rate. In high cell density perfusion culture, when the cell cycle was prolonged by slow growth, viability was low and dead, but not lysed, cells were retained in the system, the specific antibody productivity was nearly two fold higher than that obtained in either batch or continuous cultures. The results imply that the prolongation of G1 phase and the increase in death rate of cells storing a large amount of antibody together cause an apparent increase in specific antibody productivity.
A general class of zero-or-one inflated beta regression models

This paper proposes a general class of regression models for continuous proportions when the data contain zeros or ones. The proposed class of models assumes that the response variable has a mixed continuous–discrete distribution with probability mass at zero or one. The beta distribution is used to describe the continuous component of the model, since its density has a wide range of different shapes depending on the values of the two parameters that index the distribution. We use a suitable parameterization of the beta law in terms of its mean and a precision parameter. The parameters of the mixture distribution are modeled as functions of regression parameters. We provide inference, diagnostic, and model selection tools for this class of models. A practical application that employs real data is presented. © 2011 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
The treatment of depression in patients with advanced cancer undergoing palliative care.

PURPOSE OF REVIEW
Depression is a common condition affecting those with advanced cancer, but evidence for effective treatment has been sparse. In recent years, there has been a welcome increase in research activity, with both pharmacological and nonpharmacological treatments being trialled.


RECENT FINDINGS
This review assesses recent studies of pharmacological interventions including antidepressants and psychostimulants and nonpharmacological interventions including cognitive behavioural therapy, supportive expressive group therapy, couples therapy, complex interventions and aromatherapy massage for treatment of depression. Recent published systematic reviews of interventions for depression are also discussed.


SUMMARY
Recent research efforts have paid particular attention to psychological interventions, with cognitive behavioural therapy approaches being most evaluated and showing some encouraging results. Pharmacological interventions remain challenging to assess using rigorous clinical trial methodology, and clinicians still rely upon data derived from studies using general populations and those with less advanced disease or other physical illness. Methodologically sound trials of pharmacological interventions for treatment of depression in advanced disease remains an area of research need.
Hungry like the wolf : A word-pattern analysis of the language of psychopaths

Methods. Two text analysis tools were used to examine the crime narratives of 14 psychopathic and 38 non-psychopathic homicide offenders. Psychopathy was determined using the Psychopathy Checklist-Revised (PCL-R). The Wmatrix linguistic analysis tool (Rayson, 2008) was used to examine parts of speech and semantic content while the Dictionary of Affect and Language (DAL) tool (Whissell & Dewson, 1986) was used to examine the emotional characteristics of the narratives.
Study of Various Methods for Brain Tumour Segmentation from MRI Images

Segmentation means segregating area of interest from the image. The aim of image segmentation is to cluster the pixels into salient image regions i.e. regions corresponding to individual surfaces, objects, or natural parts of objects. Automatic Brain tumour segmentation is a sensitive step in medical field. A significant medical informatics task is to perform the indexing of the patient databases according to image location, size and other characteristics of brain tumours based on magnetic resonance (MR) imagery. This requires segmenting tumours from different MR imaging modalities. Automated brain tumour segmentation from MR modalities is a challenging, computationally intensive task.Image segmentation plays an important role in image processing. MRI is generally more useful for brain tumour detection because it provides more detailed information about its type, position and size. For this reason, MRI imaging is the choice of study for the diagnostic purpose and, thereafter, for surgery and monitoring treatment outcomes. This paper presents a review of the various methods used in brain MRI image segmentation. The review covers imaging modalities, magnetic resonance imaging and methods for segmentation approaches. The paper concludes with a discussion on the upcoming trend of advanced researches in brain image segmentation. Keywords-Region growing, Level set method, Split and merge algorithm, MRI images
Western medical ethics taught to junior medical students can cross cultural and linguistic boundaries

BACKGROUND
Little is known about teaching medical ethics across cultural and linguistic boundaries. This study examined two successive cohorts of first year medical students in a six year undergraduate MBBS program.


METHODS
The objective was to investigate whether Arabic speaking students studying medicine in an Arabic country would be able to correctly identify some of the principles of Western medical ethical reasoning. This cohort study was conducted on first year students in a six-year undergraduate program studying medicine in English, their second language at a medical school in the Arabian Gulf. The ethics teaching was based on the four-principle approach (autonomy, beneficence, non-malfeasance and justice) and delivered by a non-Muslim native English speaker with no knowledge of the Arabic language. Although the course was respectful of Arabic culture and tradition, the content excluded an analysis of Islamic medical ethics and focused on Western ethical reasoning. Following two 45-minute interactive seminars, students in groups of 3 or 4 visited a primary health care centre for one morning, sitting in with an attending physician seeing his or her patients in Arabic. Each student submitted a personal report for summative assessment detailing the ethical issues they had observed.


RESULTS
All 62 students enrolled in these courses participated. Each student acting independently was able to correctly identify a median number of 4 different medical ethical issues (range 2-9) and correctly identify and label accurately a median of 2 different medical ethical issues (range 2-7) There were no significant correlations between their English language skills or general academic ability and the number or accuracy of ethical issues identified.


CONCLUSIONS
This study has demonstrated that these students could identify medical ethical issues based on Western constructs, despite learning in English, their second language, being in the third week of their medical school experience and with minimal instruction. This result was independent of their academic and English language skills suggesting that ethical principles as espoused in the four principal approach may be common to the students' Islamic religious beliefs, allowing them to access complex medical ethical reasoning skills at an early stage in the medical curriculum.
Periodic orbits and dynamical spectra

Basic results in the rigorous theory of weighted dynamical zeta functions or dynamically defined generalized Fredholm determinants are presented. Analytic properties of the zeta functions or determinants are related to statistical properties of the dynamics via spectral properties of dynamical transfer operators, acting on Banach spaces of observables.
The effects of organizational contextual factors on physicians' attitude toward adoption of Electronic Medical Records

INTRODUCTION
Physicians' adoption seems to be a significant issue when comprehensive implementation of Electronic Medical Records (EMR) is considered. This study was conducted to determine the organizational contextual factors affecting physicians' adoption of EMR.


METHODS
This was a descriptive-analytical study in which a sample of 330 physicians working in hospitals affiliated to Tehran University of Medical Sciences was selected. Physicians' attitudes toward EMRs' adoption have been assessed by a conceptual path model of Technology Acceptance model (TAM) and organizational context variables. Collected data were analyzed by SPSS16 using regression analysis. The final model was tested by structural equation modeling (SEM) and represented by SPSS-AMOS, structural equation modeling software.


RESULTS
The results suggest that modified proposed conceptual path model explains about 56% of the variance of EMRs' adoption. The findings also evidenced that perceived usefulness (PU), perceived ease of use (PEOU), management support; physicians' involvement, physicians' autonomy, and the doctor-patient relationship have direct and significant effect on physicians' attitudes toward EMRs' adoption. However, training showed to have no significant effect on PU and PEOU.


CONCLUSION
The present study acknowledged that considerable part of physicians' attitude toward EMRs' adoption is controlled by organizational contextual factors. These factors should be subsequently the major concern of health organizations and health policy makers.
Tangential excision of pigmented nail matrix lesions responsible for longitudinal melanonychia: evaluation of the technique on a series of 30 patients.

OBJECTIVES
We sought to assess the shave biopsy technique, which is a new surgical procedure for complete removal of longitudinal melanonychia. We evaluated the quality of the specimen submitted for pathological examination, assessed the postoperative outcome, and ascertained its indication between the other types of matrix biopsies.


DESIGN
This was a retrospective study performed at the dermatologic departments of the Universities of Liège and Brussels, Belgium, of 30 patients with longitudinal or total melanonychia.


RESULTS
Pathological diagnosis was made in all cases; 23 patients were followed up during a period of 6 to 40 months. Seventeen patients had no postoperative nail plate dystrophy (74%) but 16 patients had recurrence of pigmentation (70%).


LIMITATIONS
This was a retrospective study.


CONCLUSIONS
Shave biopsy is an effective technique for dealing with nail matrix lesions that cause longitudinal melanonychia over 4 mm wide. Recurrence of pigmentation is the main drawback of the procedure.
Random Number Generation

 AI algorithms like genetic algorithms and automated opponents.  Random game content and level generation.  Simulation of complex phenomena such as weather and fire.  Numerical methods such as Monte-Carlo integration.  Until recently primality proving used randomized algorithms.  Cryptography algorithms such as RSA use random numbers for key generation.  Weather simulation and other statistical physics testing.
Potential calculation and grading ring design for ceramic insulators in 1000 kV UHV substations

The electromagnetic environment of insulators in substations is more complicated than that in transmission lines, this difference gets more prominent as the system voltage increases. Considering all the influencing factors, this paper presents the calculation results of the potential and electric field distribution of the ceramic insulator strings in 1000 kV ultra-high voltage (UHV) substations, using a three-dimensional (3-D) finiteelement method (FEM) software. Factors that affect the potential distribution such as grading ring, jumper, string structure, mounting location and drop conductors have been analyzed. The structural parameters of grading ring were optimized. A use of double ring was proposed for terminal tension insulators. A true-type test was carried out to verify the reliability of the FEM calculation method and results. The optimized grading ring configuration was successfully applied on the 1000 kV UHV pilot project in China and it was proved very effective by field observations with an ultraviolet camera.
Dynamics of contraceptive use in India: apprehension versus future intention among non-users and traditional method users.

OBJECTIVE
This study examines the reasons for not using any method of contraception as well as reasons for not using modern methods of contraception, and factors associated with the future intention to use different types of contraceptives in India and its selected states, namely Uttar Pradesh, Assam and West Bengal.


METHODS
Data from the third wave of District Level Household and Facility Survey, 2007-08 were used. Bivariate as well as logistic regression analyses were performed to fulfill the study objective.


RESULTS
Postpartum amenorrhea and breastfeeding practices were reported as the foremost causes for not using any method of contraception. Opposition to use, health concerns and fear of side effects were reported to be major hurdles in the way of using modern methods of contraception. Results from logistic regression suggest considerable variation in explaining the factors associated with future intention to use contraceptives.


CONCLUSION
Promotion of health education addressing the advantages of contraceptive methods and eliminating apprehension about the use of these methods through effective communication by community level workers is the need of the hour.
Effect of Cutting Parameters on MRR and Surface Roughness in Turning EN-8

Surface finish is one of the prime requirements of customers for machined parts. The present paper presents an experimental study to investigate the effects of cutting parameters like spindle speed, feed and depth of cut on surface finish and material removal rate on EN-8. Taguchi methodology has been applied to optimize cutting parameters. The results showed that the spindle speed (the most significant factor) contributed 63.90%, depth of cut (second most significant factor) contributed only 11.32% and feed rate contribution was least with 8.33% for R a. The contribution for feed and RPM was 60.91% and 29.83%.whereas the depth of cut contributed only 7.82% for material removal rate.
Gastric trichobezoar with gastric ulcer: MR findings

10. Duncan PA, Shapiro LR, Klein RM (1991) Sacrococcygeal dysgenesis association. Am J Med Genet 41: 153±161 11. Gupta R, Gupta M, Gupta S (1992) Sirenomelia bipus (mermaid) with meningocele. Indian J Pediatr 59: 387±388 12. KällØn B, Castilla EE, Lancaster PAL, et al (1992) The cyclops and the mermaid: an epidemiological study of two types of rare malformation. J Med Genet 29: 30±35 13. Twickler D, Budorick N, Pretorius D, et al (1993) Caudal regression versus sirenomelia: sonographic clues. J Ultrasound Med 12: 323±330 14. McCoy MC, Chescheir NC, Kuller JA, et al (1994) A fetus with sirenomelia, omphalocele, and meningomyelocele, but normal kidneys. Teratology 50: 168±171
Effects of Age and Gender on Blogging

Analysis of a corpus of tens of thousands of blogs – incorporating close to 300 million words – indicates significant differences in writing style and content between male and female bloggers as well as among authors of different ages. Such differences can be exploited to determine an unknown author’s age and gender on the basis of a blog’s vocabulary.
Improved electrical and interfacial properties of RF-sputtered HfAlOx on n-GaAs with effective Si passivation

Abstract In this paper, we present the effects of ultrathin Si interfacial layer on the physical and electrical properties of GaAs MOS capacitors fabricated using RF-sputtered HfAlO x gate dielectric. It is found that HfAlO x /Si/n-GaAs stack exhibits excellent electrical properties with low frequency dispersion (∼4.8%), hysteresis voltage (0.27 V) and interface trap density (1.3 × 10 12  eV −1  cm −2 ). The current density of 3.7 × 10 −5  A/cm 2 is achieved with an equivalent-oxide-thickness of 1.8 nm at V FB  + 1 V for Si-passivated HfAlO x films on n-GaAs. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) analysis shows that the suppression of low-k interfacial layer formation is accomplished with the introduction of ultrathin Si interface control layer (ICL). Thus the introduction of thin layer of Si between HfAlO x dielectrics and GaAs substrate is an effective way to improve the interface quality such as low frequency dispersion, hysteresis voltage and leakage current. Additionally, current conduction mechanism has been studied and the dominant conduction mechanisms are found to be Schottky emission at low to medium electric fields and Poole–Frenkel at high fields and high temperatures under substrate injection. In case of gate injection, the main current conduction at low field is found to be the Schottky emission at high temperatures.
Bible et communication

After explaining why biblical specialists are not well represented in the popular media, the article notes some advantages that distinguish them from other specialists and permit a relative optimism. Then it suggests some ways that can help biblical scholars to communicate better in the popular media: building up a legitimacy, forming biblical scholars in communication, and developing a new style.
Micro parts assembly system with micro gripper and RCC unit

This paper presents a new micro assembly system, which is composed of a micro gripper, a micro remote center compliance (RCC) unit, a voice coil motor-driving mechanism and precision motion stages. The micro gripper is actuated by two shape memory alloy (SMA) wires, and its grip is 1 mm. The micro RCC unit has low translational and rotational stiffness sufficient for micro parts assembly. The voice coil motor-driving mechanism can generate linear motion with an adjustable stiffness, and it can also measure external force in the moving direction. An algorithm for the automatic assembly of micro parts is also proposed, and assembly experiments are performed.
Reading to Speak: Integrating Oral Communication Skills.

Reading to Speak: Integrating Oral Communication Skills– According to Ur (1996, 120), “of all the four skills (listen­ ing, speaking, reading and writing), speaking seems intuitively the most important.” Indeed, whether for business or pleasure, a primary motivation to learn a second language is to be able to converse with speakers of that language. This explains why so many language learners are very interested in the speaking skill.– However, in addition to being an important skill, speaking is also a great challenge for foreign language learners, and students must master several difficult microskills, including the pronunciation of unfamiliar pho­ nemes, the correct placement of stress and intonation, and the appropriate use of formal and informal expres­ sions. To complicate matters, students in an English as a foreign language (EFL) environment have few oppor­ tunities to speak English outside of the classroom. There is little wonder then, that after more than ten years of study, college graduates in China are often incapable of effectively commu­ nicating with foreigners in English, a phenomenon known as mute English. The status quo of teaching spoken English in China is plenty of time and money spent with unsatisfactory out­ comes, a problem that has attracted the attention of the government.– As a Chinese proverb says, “pov­ erty gives rise to a desire for change,” and researchers and teachers now agree that there is no solution but reform. Opinions are divided on how to go about making a change in the way English is taught, although many see a problem with the tradi­ tional overemphasis on grammar and vocabulary in English classes where students receive intensive but sepa­ rate practice in reading, writing, and listening, with no speaking involved. Even speaking classes do not pro­ vide chances for oral interaction, as most of the teachers talk on and on throughout the lesson without giving students any opportunity to speak, thus turning the class into a listening exercise.–