LLukas22/scidocs huggingface dataset:
Smartphone use and smartphone addiction among young people in
Switzerland

BACKGROUND AND AIMS
Smartphone addiction, its association with smartphone use, and its predictors have not yet been studied in a European sample. This study investigated indicators of smartphone use, smartphone addiction, and their associations with demographic and health behaviour-related variables in young people.


METHODS
A convenience sample of 1,519 students from 127 Swiss vocational school classes participated in a survey assessing demographic and health-related characteristics as well as indicators of smartphone use and addiction. Smartphone addiction was assessed using a short version of the Smartphone Addiction Scale for Adolescents (SAS-SV). Logistic regression analyses were conducted to investigate demographic and health-related predictors of smartphone addiction.


RESULTS
Smartphone addiction occurred in 256 (16.9%) of the 1,519 students. Longer duration of smartphone use on a typical day, a shorter time period until first smartphone use in the morning, and reporting that social networking was the most personally relevant smartphone function were associated with smartphone addiction. Smartphone addiction was more prevalent in younger adolescents (15-16 years) compared with young adults (19 years and older), students with both parents born outside Switzerland, persons reporting lower physical activity, and those reporting higher stress. Alcohol and tobacco consumption were unrelated to smartphone addiction.


DISCUSSION
Different indicators of smartphone use are associated with smartphone addiction and subgroups of young people have a higher prevalence of smartphone addiction.


CONCLUSIONS
The study provides the first insights into smartphone use, smartphone addiction, and predictors of smartphone addiction in young people from a European country, which should be extended in further studies.
Sharing Patient-Generated Data in Clinical Practices: An Interview Study

Patients are tracking and generating an increasingly large volume of personal health data outside the clinic due to an explosion of wearable sensing and mobile health (mHealth) apps. The potential usefulness of these data is enormous as they can provide good measures of everyday behavior and lifestyle. However, how we can fully leverage patient-generated data (PGD) and integrate them in clinical practice is less clear. In this interview study, we aim to understand how patients and clinicians currently share patient-generated data in clinical care practice. From the study, we identified technical, social, and organizational challenges in sharing and fully leveraging patient-generated data in clinical practices. Our findings can provide researchers potential avenues for enablers and barriers in sharing patient-generated data in clinical settings.
A virtual machine architecture for IT-security laboratories

This thesis discusses challenges in IT security education, points out a gap between e-learning and practical education, and presents a work to fill the gap. E-learning is a flexible and personalized alternative to traditional education. Nonetheless, existing e-learning systems for IT security education have difficulties in delivering hands-on experience because of the lack of proximity. Laboratory environments and practical exercises are indispensable instruction tools to IT security education, but security education in conventional computer laboratories poses particular problems such as immobility as well as high creation and maintenance costs. Hence, there is a need to effectively transform security laboratories and practical exercises into e-learning forms. In this thesis, we introduce the Tele-Lab IT-Security architecture that allows students not only to learn IT security principles, but also to gain hands-on security experience by exercises in an online laboratory environment. In this architecture, virtual machines are used to provide safe user work environments instead of real computers. Thus, traditional laboratory environments can be cloned onto the Internet by software, which increases accessibility to laboratory resources and greatly reduces investment and maintenance costs. Under the Tele-Lab IT-Security framework, a set of technical solutions is also proposed to provide effective functionalities, reliability, security, and performance. The virtual machines with appropriate resource allocation, software installation, and system configurations are used to build lightweight security laboratories on a hosting computer. Reliability and availability of laboratory platforms are covered by a virtual machine management framework. This management framework provides necessary monitoring and administration services to detect and recover critical failures of virtual machines at run time. Considering the risk that virtual machines can be misused for compromising production networks, we present a security management solution to prevent
Enhancing assertive community treatment with cognitive behavioral social skills training for schizophrenia: study protocol for a randomized controlled trial.

BACKGROUND
Schizophrenia leads to profound disability in everyday functioning (e.g., difficulty finding and maintaining employment, housing, and personal relationships). Medications can effectively reduce positive symptoms (e.g., hallucinations and delusions), but they do not meaningfully improve daily life functioning. Psychosocial evidence-based practices (EBPs) improve functioning, but these EBPs are not available to most people with schizophrenia. The field must close the research and service delivery gap by adapting EBPs for schizophrenia to facilitate widespread implementation in community settings. Our hybrid effectiveness and implementation study represents an initiative to bridge this divide. In this study we will test whether an existing EBP (i.e., Cognitive Behavioral Social Skills Training (CBSST)) modified to work in practice settings (i.e., Assertive Community Treatment (ACT) teams) commonly available to persons with schizophrenia results in better consumer outcomes. We will also identify key factors relevant to developing future CBSST implementation strategies.


METHODS/DESIGN
For the effectiveness study component, persons with schizophrenia will be recruited from existing publicly funded ACT teams operating in community settings. Participants will be randomized to one of the 2 treatments (ACT alone or ACT + Adapted CBSST) and followed longitudinally for 18 months with assessments every 18 weeks after baseline (5 in total). The primary outcome domain is psychosocial functioning (e.g., everyday living skills and activities related to employment, education, and housing) as measured by self-report, testing, and observation. Additional outcome domains of interest include mediators of change in functioning, symptoms, and quality of services. Primary analyses will be conducted using linear mixed-effects models for continuous data. The implementation study component consists of a structured, mixed qualitative-quantitative methodology (i.e., Concept Mapping) to characterize and assess the implementation experience from multiple stakeholder perspectives in order to inform future implementation initiatives.


DISCUSSION
Adapting CBSST to fit into the ACT service delivery context found throughout the United States creates an opportunity to substantially increase the number of persons with schizophrenia who could have access to and benefit from EBPs. As part of the implementation learning process training materials and treatment workbooks have been revised to promote easier use of CBSST in the context of brief community-based ACT visits.


TRIAL REGISTRATION
ClinicalTrials.gov NCT02254733 . Date of registration: 25 April 2014.
Effects of massage therapy on sleep quality after coronary artery bypass graft surgery

INTRODUCTION
Having poor sleep quality is common among patients following cardiopulmonary artery bypass graft surgery. Pain, stress, anxiety and poor sleep quality may be improved by massage therapy.


OBJECTIVE
This study evaluated whether massage therapy is an effective technique for improving sleep quality in patients following cardiopulmonary artery bypass graft surgery.


METHOD
Participants included cardiopulmonary artery bypass graft surgery patients who were randomized into a control group and a massage therapy group following discharge from the intensive care unit (Day 0), during the postoperative period. The control group and the massage therapy group comprised participants who were subjected to three nights without massage and three nights with massage therapy, respectively. The patients were evaluated on the following mornings (i.e., Day 1 to Day 3) using a visual analogue scale for pain in the chest, back and shoulders, in addition to fatigue and sleep. Participants kept a sleep diary during the study period.


RESULTS
Fifty-seven cardiopulmonary artery bypass graft surgery patients were enrolled in the study during the preoperative period, 17 of whom were excluded due to postoperative complications. The remaining 40 participants (male: 67.5%, age: 61.9 years ± 8.9 years, body mass index: 27.2 kg/m² ± 3.7 kg/m²) were randomized into control (n = 20) and massage therapy (n = 20) groups. Pain in the chest, shoulders, and back decreased significantly in both groups from Day 1 to Day 3. The participants in the massage therapy group had fewer complaints of fatigue on Day 1 (p=0.006) and Day 2 (p=0.028) in addition, they reported a more effective sleep during all three days (p=0.019) when compared with the participants in the control group.


CONCLUSION
Massage therapy is an effective technique for improving patient recovery from cardiopulmonary artery bypass graft surgery because it reduces fatigue and improves sleep.
Time-frequency Techniques in Biomedical Signal Analysis

Objectives: This review outlines the method ological fundamentals of the most frequently used non-parametric time-frequency analysis techniques in biomedicine and their main properties, as well as providing decision aids concerning their applications. Methods: The short-term Fourier transform (STFT), the Gabor transform (GT), the S-transform (ST), the continuous Morlet wavelet transform (CMWT), and the Hilbert transform (HT) are introduced as linear transforms by using a unified concept of the time-frequency representation which is based on a standardized analytic signal. The Wigner-Ville dis tribution (WVD) serves as an example of the ‘quadratic transforms’ class. The combination of WVD and GT with the matching pursuit (MP) decomposition and that of the HT with the empirical mode decomposition (EMD) are explained; these belong to the class of signal-adaptive approaches. Results: Similarities between linear transforms are demonstrated and differences with regard to the time-frequency resolution and interference (cross) terms are presented in detail. By means of simulated signals the effects of different time-frequency resolutions of the GT, CMWT, and WVD as well as the resolution-related properties of the inter ference (cross) terms are shown. The methodinherent drawbacks and their consequences for the application of the time-frequency techniques are demonstrated by instantaneous amplitude, frequency and phase measures and related time-frequency representations (spectrogram, scalogram, timefrequency distribution, phase-locking maps) of measured magnetoencephalographic (MEG) signals. Conclusions: The appropriate selection of a method and its parameter settings will ensure readability of the time-frequency representations and reliability of results. When the time-frequency characteristics of a signal strongly correspond with the time-frequency resolution of the analysis then a method may be considered ‘optimal’. The MP-based signal-adaptive approaches are preferred as these provide an appropriate time-frequency resolution for all frequencies while simultaneously reducing interference (cross) terms.
QTL mapping and epistatic interaction analysis in asparagus bean for several characterized and novel horticulturally important traits

Asparagus bean (Vigna. unguiculata. ssp sesquipedalis) is a subspecies and special vegetable type of cowpea (Vigna. unguiculata L. Walp.) important in Asia. Genetic basis of horticulturally important traits of asparagus bean is still poorly understood, hindering the utilization of targeted, DNA marker-assisted breeding in this crop. Here we report the identification of quantitative trait loci (QTLs) and epistatic interactions for four horticultural traits, namely, days to first flowering (FLD), nodes to first flower (NFF), leaf senescence (LS) and pod number per plant (PN) using a recombinant inbred line (RIL) population of asparagus bean. A similar genetic mode of one major QTL plus a few minor QTLs was found to dominate each of the four traits, with the number of QTLs for individual traits ranging from three to four. These QTLs were distributed on 7 of the 11 chromosomes. Major QTLs for FLD, NFF and LS were co-localized on LG 11, indicative of tight linkage. Genome wide epistasis analysis detected two and one interactive locus pairs that significantly affect FLD and LS, respectively, and the epistatic QTLs for FLD appeared to work in different ways. Synteny based comparison of QTL locations revealed conservation of chromosome regions controlling these traits in related legume crops. Major, minor, and epistatic QTLs were found to contribute to the inheritance of the FLD, NFF, LS, and PN. Positions of many of these QTLs are conserved among closely related legume species, indicating common mechanisms they share. To our best knowledge, this is the first QTL mapping report using an asparagus bean × asparagus bean intervarietal population and provides marker-trait associations for marker-assisted approaches to selection.
Enhancement of VolP over IEEE 802.11 WLAN via dual queue strategy

Today's IEEE 802.11 Wireless LAN (WLAN) is an excellent solution for the broadband wireless networking. However, it lacks of the capability to support real-time services such as voice-over-IP (VoIP) properly. In this paper, we present a simple and viable approach to enhance the VoIP performance over the 802.11 WLAN by implementing two queues along with a strict priority queuing on top of the 802.11 medium access control (MAC) controller, e.g., in the device driver of the 802.11 cards. We find via extensive simulations that the proposed scheme is remarkably effective for the VoIP service in the infrastructure-based WLAN in the coexistence with the nonreal-time traffic thanks to the flow control mechanism of the TCP protocol, which is typically used for the nonreal-time traffic today. Due to its simplicity, the proposed scheme should be readily deployable in the existing WLANs via simple software upgrades for the enhanced VoIP services.
Precoloring extension. I. Interval graphs

of the following general problem on vertex colorings of graphs. Suppose that some vertices of a graph G are assigned to some colors. Can this precoloring be extended to a proper coloring of G with at most k colors (for some given k)? This question was motivated by practical problems in scheduling and VLSI theory. Here we investigate its complexity status for interval graphs and for graphs with a bounded treewidth. 1. Introduction. We consider nite undirected graphs G = (V;E) with vertex set V and edge set E. The clique number or maximum clique size and the chromatic number of G are denoted by !(G) and (G), respectively. For any vertex subset W V , GW denotes the subgraph induced by W . By denition, for a given integer k 2, a (proper) k-coloring is a function f : V ! f1; 2; : : : ; kg such that uv 2 E implies f(u) 6= f(v). The problem we raise and investigate in this paper is called the PRECOLORING EXTENSION problem, or PrExt in short. PrExt is more general than the usual CHROMATIC NUMBER problem and less general than LIST-COLORING [21]. (The latter has been studied extensively for line graphs [5,9,13,15].) PrExt can be formulated as follows: Instance. An integer k 2, a graph G = (V;E) with jV j k, a vertex subset W V , and a proper k-coloring of GW . Question. Can this k-coloring be extended to a proper k-coloring of the whole graph G?
Model Driven Development for Internet of Things Application Prototyping

We present an architectural view for the Internet of Things prototype development that emphasizes the separation of domain modeling from technological implementations. Using the provided model driven tool, domain experts are able to construct domain models easily by composing virtual objects and linking them to the implementation technologies. Having them linked, a prototype code in Java can be generated by the tool. The generated code allows developers to extend it into full applications simply by interfacing the virtual objects without dealing with the complexity of specific sensors and actuators technologies. Subsequently, participants involved in the European research projects evaluated the architecture and the tool using a software walk-through technique whose results are discussed in this paper. Keywords-component; internet of things, architecture, domain model, code generation, model driven development, service oriented
Confronting a moral dilemma in virtual reality: a pilot study

People tend to respond realistically to situations and events in immersive Virtual Reality (VR). Our research exploits this finding to test the hypothesis that the psychology underlying moral judgement is distinct from the psychology that drives moral action. We have conducted an online survey study with 80 respondents on people’s judgments of moral dilemmas. Additionally, we have carried out a pilot study with 36 participants investigating people’s responses when confronted with comparable moral dilemmas in two different types of VR: desktop VR and Immersive VR. We recorded participants’ behavioural responses and post experimental questionnaire data. The results show that in general, participants’ responses in VR were consistent with the patterns obtained from the online survey. However, results also suggest that participants in the Immersive VR condition differed from those in the desktop VR condition in two ways: they 1) experienced more panic and made more mistakes in their immediate action; 2) were more likely to give a utilitarian answer (saving the greatest number of lives) in the post experimental questionnaire. This pilot study provides encouraging evidence for the use of VR in the study of moral psychology, and in particular, for teasing apart the distinction between judgments and actions. They further reveal that although our VR set up only presented abstract human figures, participants had a strong emotional reaction to the dilemma, on both immersive and desktop platforms.
Air pollution and non-respiratory health hazards for children

Air pollution is a global health issue with serious public health implications, particularly for children. Usually respiratory effects of air pollutants are considered, but this review highlights the importance of non-respiratory health hazards. In addition to short-term effects, exposure to criteria air pollutants from early life might be associated with low birth weight, increase in oxidative stress and endothelial dysfunction, which in turn might have long-term effects on chronic non-communicable diseases. In view of the emerging epidemic of chronic disease in low- and middle- income countries, the vicious cycle of rapid urbanization and increasing levels of air pollution, public health and regulatory policies for air quality protection should be integrated into the main priorities of the primary health care system and into the educational curriculum of health professionals.
Detection of cervical metastases with (11)C-tyrosine PET in patients with squamous cell carcinoma of the oral cavity or oropharynx: A comparison with (18)F-FDG PET.

BACKGROUND
A disadvantage of 2-[(18)F]fluoro-2-deoxy-D-glucose ((18)F-FDG) positron emission tomography (PET) in head and neck cancer is that (18)F-FDG uptake is not specific to malignant tissue. To provide an alternative, radiolabeled amino acids such as L-1-[(11)C]-tyrosine ((11)C-TYR), were introduced because these are less avidly metabolized by inflammatory cells.


METHODS
In this prospective study, we compared both (11)C-TYR PET and (18)F-FDG PET performance in detecting cervical metastases in 27 patients with a squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) of oral cavity or oropharynx.


RESULTS
(11)C-TYR PET sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy for detecting nodal metastases were 33%, 100%, and 81%, respectively. With respect to (18)F-FDG PET, these figures were 67%, 97%, and 89%, respectively. Neck metastases not detected by (11)C-TYR PET were camouflaged by high tracer uptake by salivary glands.


CONCLUSIONS
Because of bilateral accumulation of (11)C-TYR in salivary glands, (11)C-TYR PET is not suitable to replace (18)F-FDG PET in staging SCC of oral cavity and oropharynx.
Successful requirement elicitation by combining requirement engineering techniques

The role of customers and other stakeholders is becoming increasingly significant during requirement engineering activities. Methods of eliciting requirements are now more co-operative. There are many techniques to obtain requirements from customers. Selecting the right techniques according to the characteristics of the project is very important. In some complex problems, combination of requirement engineering techniques should be applied for efficient and successful requirement engineering process. In this paper, we have presented the application of combination of requirement engineering techniques for a real life complex project (Supply Chain Management) with higher requirements volatility developed in a small scale software development organization.This will help in understanding requirements elicitation for such kind of complex software and facilitate in selecting the appropriate techniques towards getting the consistent and complete requirements.