LLukas22/scidocs huggingface dataset:
Reversal of a Blunted Follicle-Stimulating Hormone by Chemotherapy in an Inhibin B–Secreting Adrenocortical Carcinoma

Context
Adrenocortical carcinomas (ACCs) are revealed in 60% of cases by steroid hypersecretion. Alternatively, it is uncommon to observe a paraneoplastic syndrome due to a peptide oversecretion.


Case Description
We describe a 60-year-old man with a right adrenal mass. Hormonal evaluation showed an ACTH-independent Cushing syndrome. Surprisingly, follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) levels were suppressed and blunted during gonadotropin-releasing hormone stimulation, despite normal luteinizing hormone levels. Levels of inhibin B, which negatively regulates the pituitary FSH, were very high. Given the atypical hormonal findings, an adrenal mass biopsy was performed, which allowed the diagnosis of an adrenocortical tumor (positive for steroidogenic factor-1 immunostaining). Moreover, an intense α-inhibin subunit immunostaining was observed. Because of the presence of metastases, the patient received mitotane and chemotherapy (etoposide and cisplatin). After 2 cycles, the inhibin B dropped. After 5 cycles, tumor size was reduced by 15%. Inhibin B levels remained low, and basal and gonadotropin-releasing hormone-stimulated FSH levels normalized. The patient underwent tumor resection, and pathology confirmed the ACC diagnosis (Weiss score of 9). The intensity of the α-inhibin subunit immunostaining was significantly decreased.


Conclusions
We report the case of an inhibin B-secreting ACC in which the response to chemotherapy and mitotane was associated with a normalization of inhibin B secretion, allowing the reversal of the blunted FSH secretion. Inhibin B should be measured in case of suppressed FSH levels despite normal luteinizing hormone levels and may be considered a tumoral marker in some ACCs, even during treatment follow-up.
Acute respiratory viral infections in pediatric cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy.

OBJECTIVE
to estimate the prevalence of infection by respiratory viruses in pediatric patients with cancer and acute respiratory infection (ARI) and/or fever.


METHODS
cross-sectional study, from January 2011 to December 2012. The secretions of nasopharyngeal aspirates were analyzed in children younger than 21 years with acute respiratory infections. Patients were treated at the Grupo em Defesa da Criança Com Câncer (Grendacc) and University Hospital (HU), Jundiaí, SP. The rapid test was used for detection of influenza virus (Kit Biotrin, Inc. Ireland), and real-time multiplex polymerase chain reaction (FTD, Respiratory pathogens, multiplex Fast Trade Kit, Malta) for detection of influenza virus (H1N1, B), rhinovirus, parainfluenza virus, adenovirus, respiratory syncytial virus, human parechovirus, bocavirus, metapneumovirus, and human coronavirus. The prevalence of viral infection was estimated and association tests were used (χ(2) or Fisher's exact test).


RESULTS
104 samples of nasopharyngeal aspirate and blood were analyzed. The median age was 12 ± 5.2 years, 51% males, 68% whites, 32% had repeated ARIs, 32% prior antibiotic use, 19.8% cough, and 8% contact with ARIs. A total of 94.3% were in good general status. Acute lymphocytic leukemia (42.3%) was the most prevalent neoplasia. Respiratory viruses were detected in 50 samples: rhinoviruses (23.1%), respiratory syncytial virus AB (8.7%), and coronavirus (6.8%). Co-detection occurred in 19% of cases with 2 viruses and in 3% of those with 3 viruses, and was more frequent between rhinovirus and coronavirus 43. Fever in neutropenic patients was observed in 13%, of which four (30.7) were positive for viruses. There were no deaths.


CONCLUSIONS
the prevalence of respiratory viruses was relevant in the infectious episode, with no increase in morbidity and mortality. Viral co-detection was frequent in patients with cancer and ARIs.
An efficient authentication system of smart device using multi factors in mobile cloud service architecture

Mobile cloud computing environments have overcome the performance limitation of mobile devices and provide use environments not restricted by places. However, user information protection mechanisms are required because of both the security vulnerability of mobile devices and the security vulnerability of cloud computing. In this paper, a multifactor mobile device authentication system is proposed to provide safety, efficiency, and user convenience for mobile device use in cloud service architectures. This system improves security by reinforcing the user authentication required before using cloud computing services. Furthermore, to reinforce user convenience, the system proposed increases the strength of authentication keys by establishing multiple factors for authentication. For efficient entries in mobile device use environments, this system combines mobile device identification number entries, basic ID/password type authentication methods, and the authentication of diverse user bio-information. This system also enhances authentication efficiency by processing the authentication factors of a user’s authentication attempt in a lump instead of one by one in the cloud computing service environment. These authentication factors can be continuously added, and this authentication system provides authentication efficiency even when authentication factors are added. The main contribution is to improve high security level by through authentication of mobile devices with multifactors simultaneously and to use the mobile cloud service architecture for its efficient processing with respect to execution time of it. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
The nutrition transition in Egypt: obesity, undernutrition and the food consumption context.

OBJECTIVES
To describe changing food consumption patterns in Egypt over the last several decades, current levels of overweight and obesity, and current data on obesity-related morbidity.


DESIGN
Secondary analysis and synthesis of existing data from national-level food consumption surveys, large recent surveys of hypertension and diabetes, and documentation of historical and policy context.


SETTING
Arab Republic of Egypt.


SUBJECTS
As selected and described in primary data sources.


RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS
The nutrition transition in Egypt has occurred in the context of abundant dietary energy availability, urbanisation and moderate fat intakes. The prevalence of obesity in adults is very high, particularly among women. The prevalences of diabetes mellitus and of hypertension parallel that of obesity, and both are very high. Little information is available on physical activity, but it is likely that a large proportion of the population is quite sedentary, particularly in the cities. At the same time, rates of early childhood malnutrition remain stubbornly stable and relatively high. Public awareness of the increasing prevalence of obesity and of diet-related chronic disease is increasing, and attention has turned to documenting the problem(s).
Functional and psychosocial effects of either a traditional dancing or a formal exercising training program in patients with chronic heart failure: a comparative randomized controlled study.

OBJECTIVE
To compare the effects of traditional dancing with formal exercise training in terms of functional and cardiovascular benefits and motivation in patients with chronic heart failure.


DESIGN
Randomized controlled trial.


SETTING
Sports Medicine Laboratory.


SUBJECTS
Fifty-one Greek male patients aged 67.1±5.5 years with chronic heart failure of New York Heart Association (NYHA) class II-III, participated in an eight-month study.


INTERVENTIONS
They were randomly assigned to either training with Greek traditional dances (group A, n=18), formal exercise training (group B, n=16) or a sedentary control group (group C, n=17).


MAIN MEASURES
At entry and the end of the study all patients underwent cardiopulmonary exercise testing, functional ability assessment and quality of life evaluations. The Intrinsic Motivation Inventory was also used to assess participants' subjective experience.


RESULTS
After training group A showed increased peak oxygen consumption by 33.8% (19.5 vs. 26.1 ml/kg/min, p<0.05) and B by 32.3% (19.5 vs. 25.8 ml/kg/min, p<0.05), maximal treadmill tolerance by 48.5% (p<0.05) and by 46.4% (p<0.05), and a decreased Slope of expired minute ventilation for carbon dioxide output (VE/VCO2) slope by 18% (p<0.05) and 19.5% (p<0.05), respectively. Trained patients revealed significant improvement in the quality of life indices. Intrinsic Motivation Inventory was increased only in group A by 26.2% (3.08 vs. 3.87, p<0.05).


CONCLUSIONS
Exercise training in chronic heart failure patients with Greek traditional dances led to functional and cardiovascular benefits similar to formal exercise training and to a higher level of motivation.
Compassion interventions: The programmes, the evidence, and implications for research and practice.

PURPOSE
Over the last 10-15 years, there has been a substantive increase in compassion-based interventions aiming to improve psychological functioning and well-being.


METHODS
This study provides an overview and synthesis of the currently available compassion-based interventions. What do these programmes looks like, what are their aims, and what is the state of evidence underpinning each of them?


RESULTS
This overview has found at least eight different compassion-based interventions (e.g., Compassion-Focused Therapy, Mindful Self-Compassion, Cultivating Compassion Training, Cognitively Based Compassion Training), with six having been evaluated in randomized controlled trials, and with a recent meta-analysis finding that compassion-based interventions produce moderate effect sizes for suffering and improved life satisfaction.


CONCLUSIONS
Although further research is warranted, the current state of evidence highlights the potential benefits of compassion-based interventions on a range of outcomes that clinicians can use in clinical practice with clients.


PRACTITIONER POINTS
There are eight established compassion intervention programmes with six having RCT evidence. The most evaluated intervention to date is compassion-focused therapy. Further RCTs are needed in clinical populations for all compassion interventions. Ten recommendations are provided to improve the evidence-base of compassion interventions.
Annotating chemicals , diseases and their interactions in biomedical literature

Community-run formal evaluations and manually annotated text corpora are critically important for advancing biomedical text mining research. Recently in BioCreative V, a new challenge was organized for the tasks of disease named entity recognition (DNER) and chemical-induced disease (CID) relation extraction. Given the nature of both tasks, a test collection is required to contain both disease/chemical annotations and relation annotations in the same set of articles. Despite previous efforts in biomedical corpus construction, none were found to be sufficient for the task. Thus, we developed our own corpus during the challenge by inviting a team of expert annotators from both MeSH and the Comparative Toxicogenomics Database (CTD), who performed manual annotation of entities (diseases/chemicals) and relations, respectively. To ensure high annotation quality and productivity, detailed annotation guidelines and automatic annotation tools were provided. The resulting corpus consists of 1,500 PubMed articles with 4,409 annotated chemicals, 5,818 diseases, and 3,116 chemical-disease interactions. Each annotation includes both the mention text spans and normalized concept identifiers (MeSH was used as the controlled vocabulary). To ensure accuracy, the entities were captured independently by two annotators; the average inter-annotator agreement (IAA) scores are 88.75% and 96.31% for the disease and chemicals, respectively, in the test set according to the Jaccard similarity coefficient. Our corpus was successfully used for the BioCreative V challenge tasks and should serve as a valuable resource for the text-mining research community.
Interval-valued intuitionistic fuzzy soft rough sets

In this paper the concept of interval valued intuitionistic fuzzy soft rough sets is introduced. Also interval valued intuitionistic fuzzy soft rough set based multi criteria group decision making scheme is presented, which refines the primary evaluation of the whole expert group and enables us to select the optimal object in a most reliable manner. The proposed scheme is illustrated by an example regarding the candidate selection problem. 2010 AMS Classification: 54A40, 03E72, 03E02, 06D72
Female genital mutilation among Iraqi Kurdish women: a cross-sectional study from Erbil city

BACKGROUND
Iraqi Kurdistan region is one of the areas where female genital mutilation is reportedly widely practiced but inadequately studied. The aim of this study was to determine (i) the prevalence of female genital mutilation among Muslim Kurdish women in Erbil city, (ii) the patterns and types of female genital mutilation, (iii) the factors associated with this practice and (iv) women's knowledge and attitudes towards this practice.


METHODS
A cross-sectional study was conducted in the primary health care centers and the Maternity Teaching Hospital in Erbil city, involving 1987 women aged 15-49 years. Data were obtained about female genital mutilation status and knowledge and perception towards this practice. The participants were clinically examined to verify the self-reported female genital mutilation status.


RESULTS
The self-reported prevalence of female genital mutilation was 70.3%, while it was 58.6% according to clinical examination of the women's genitalia. The most common type of female genital mutilation was type I (99.6%) and the most common age at which mutilation was performed was 4-7 years (60.2%). This practice was mostly performed by traditional birth attendants (72.5%). Only 6.4% of mutilated women reported having complications after mutilation, most commonly bleeding (3.6%). The practice was more reported among housewives (OR = 3.3), those women whose mothers were mutilated (OR = 15.1) or with unknown mutilation status (OR = 7.3) and those women whose fathers were illiterate (OR = 1.4) or could only read and write (OR = 1.6). The common reasons for practicing female genital mutilation were cultural tradition (46.7%) and dictate of religion (38.9%). Only 30% of the participants were aware about the health consequences of female genital mutilation. More than one third (36.6%) of the women support the practice and 34.5% have intention to mutilate their daughters.


CONCLUSIONS
Prevalence of female genital mutilation among Muslim Kurdish women in Erbil city is very high; although, most cases are of type I. There is clear lack of knowledge about the health consequences of female genital mutilation and a relatively important segment of women support this practice. Custom or tradition and dictate of religion are the main reasons for this practice that need further in-depth exploration.
Tight junction defects in patients with atopic dermatitis.

BACKGROUND
Atopic dermatitis (AD) is characterized by dry skin and a hyperactive immune response to allergens, 2 cardinal features that are caused in part by epidermal barrier defects. Tight junctions (TJs) reside immediately below the stratum corneum and regulate the selective permeability of the paracellular pathway.


OBJECTIVE
We evaluated the expression/function of the TJ protein claudin-1 in epithelium from AD and nonatopic subjects and screened 2 American populations for single nucleotide polymorphisms in the claudin-1 gene (CLDN1).


METHODS
Expression profiles of nonlesional epithelium from patients with extrinsic AD, nonatopic subjects, and patients with psoriasis were generated using Illumina's BeadChips. Dysregulated intercellular proteins were validated by means of tissue staining and quantitative PCR. Bioelectric properties of epithelium were measured in Ussing chambers. Functional relevance of claudin-1 was assessed by using a knockdown approach in primary human keratinocytes. Twenty-seven haplotype-tagging SNPs in CLDN1 were screened in 2 independent populations with AD.


RESULTS
We observed strikingly reduced expression of the TJ proteins claudin-1 and claudin-23 only in patients with AD, which were validated at the mRNA and protein levels. Claudin-1 expression inversely correlated with T(H)2 biomarkers. We observed a remarkable impairment of the bioelectric barrier function in AD epidermis. In vitro we confirmed that silencing claudin-1 expression in human keratinocytes diminishes TJ function while enhancing keratinocyte proliferation. Finally, CLDN1 haplotype-tagging SNPs revealed associations with AD in 2 North American populations.


CONCLUSION
Collectively, these data suggest that an impairment in tight junctions contributes to the barrier dysfunction and immune dysregulation observed in AD subjects and that this may be mediated in part by reductions in claudin-1.
Token-based authentication using JSON Web Token on SIKASIR RESTful Web Service

The role of SMEs in the economy of Indonesia is significant. However, the problems faced by the SMEs as less professional management often become an obstacle to the progress of the business. To solve these problems, we need an application that can help small business owners to help manage their business and can also be accessed by a variety of platforms. All these problems can be solved with the application SIKASIR. In order SIKASIR application can be accessed by multiple platforms, it takes a web service that resides on a server. Each application SIKASIR of various platforms to be connected to the service RESTful Web Service so interconnected and synchronized. However, there are some problems when making a multi-platform service, one of them is an authentication problem. In REST architecture, we need authentication methods that are stateless, one of which is a token-based authentication methods. On this occasion, this study will use JSON Web Token. JSON Web Token is the new industry standard based (RFC 7519). JSON Web Token is stateless, so it is suitable to be implemented on a RESTful Web Service application. In this research will be discussed how to implement authentication technique using token-based authentication method with a JSON Web Token, which will produce a secure authentication and make web service SIKASIR be multi-platform.
Academic Procrastination: The Relationship Between Causal Attribution Styles and Behavioral Postponement

OBJECTIVE
This research was conducted to study the relationship between attribution and academic procrastination in University Students.


METHODS
The subjects were 203 undergraduate students, 55 males and 148 females, selected from English and French language and literature students of Tabriz University. Data were gathered through Procrastination Assessment Scale-student (PASS) and Causal Dimension Scale (CDA) and were analyzed by multiple regression analysis (stepwise).


RESULTS
The results showed that there was a meaningful and negative relation between the locus of control and controllability in success context and academic procrastination. Besides, a meaningful and positive relation was observed between the locus of control and stability in failure context and procrastination. It was also found that 17% of the variance of procrastination was accounted by linear combination of attributions.


CONCLUSION
We believe that causal attribution is a key in understanding procrastination in academic settings and is used by those who have the knowledge of Causal Attribution styles to organize their learning.
Utilization of Sugarcane Bagasse For Solid- State Fermentation and Characterization of α- Amylase From Aspergillus flavus Isolated From Muthupettai Mangrove, Tamil Nadu, India.

In the present study, four fungal isolates from a mangrove soil were screened for their ability to produce α-amylase using solid state fermentation (SSF). Aspergillus flavus proved to be the best α-amylase producer. Various agronomic wastes such as molasses bran, maize meal, rice bran, sugarcane bagasse and wheat bran were used as solid substrates. The highest titer of enzyme activity was obtained when A. flavus was grown on sugarcane bagasse. Different carbon and nitrogen supplements were used to enhance the enzyme production and the highest yield was obtained with soluble starch and yeast extract (1% w/w) as supplements. The optimum pH, temperature, and incubation period for amylase production by the isolate was found to be 6.0, 30°C and 120 h respectively. Partial purification of the amylase using ammonium sulphate fractionation resulted in 5 fold increase in the enzyme activity. Sodium dodecyl sulphate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis revealed the apparent molecular weight of the enzyme to be 55 kDa. The partially purified enzyme was optimally active at pH 5 and 55°C when 1% of starch and 80.64 μg/ml of enzyme concentrations were used. Presence of Mn and Ca salts enhanced the enzyme activity in contrast to Hg and EDTA, which completely reduced the enzymatic activity. The results obtained in the present study suggest that the mangrove isolate of A. flavus may act as a potent strain for industrial production of αamylase using SSF with sugarcane bagasse as the substrate.
Hydrodynamics of Two-Phase Flow in Gas-Liquid Cylindrical Cyclone Separators

This paper presents new experimental data and an improved mechanistic model for the Gas-Liquid Cylindrical Cyclone (GLCC) separator. The data were acquired utilizing a 3” ID laboratory-scale GLCC, and are presented along with a limited number of field data. The data include measurements of several parameters of the flow behavior and the operational envelope of the GLCC. The operational envelope defines the conditions for which there will be no liquid carry-over or gas carry-under. The developed model enables the prediction of the hydrodynamic flow behavior in the GLCC, including the operational envelope, equilibrium liquid level, vortex shape, velocity and holdup distributions and pressure drop across the GLCC. The predictions of the model are compared with the experimental data. These provide the state-of-the-art for the design of GLCC’s for the industry. Introduction The gas-liquid separation technology currently used by the petroleum industry is mostly based on the vessel-type separator which is large, heavy and expensive to purchase and operate. This technology has not been substantially improved over the last several decades. In recent years the industry has shown interest in the development and application of alternatives to the vessel-type separator. One such alternative is the use of compact or in-line separators, such as the Gas-Liquid Cylindrical Cyclone (GLCC) separator. As can be seen in Fig. 1, the GLCC is an emerging class of vertical compact separators, as compared to the very mature technology of the vessel-type separator. D ev el op m en t GLCC’s FWKO Cyclones Emerging Gas Cyclones Conventional Horizontal and Vertical Separators Growth Finger Storage Slug Catcher Vessel Type Slug Catcher