LLukas22/scidocs huggingface dataset:
Beneficial hemodynamic effects of prone positioning in patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome.

RATIONALE
The effects of prone positioning during acute respiratory distress syndrome on all the components of cardiac function have not been investigated under protective ventilation and maximal alveolar recruitment.


OBJECTIVES
To investigate the hemodynamic effects of prone positioning.


METHODS
We included 18 patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome ventilated with protective ventilation and an end-expiratory positive pressure titrated to a plateau pressure of 28-30 cm H2O. Before and within 20 minutes of starting prone positioning, hemodynamic, respiratory, intraabdominal pressure, and echocardiographic data were collected. Before prone positioning, preload reserve was assessed by a passive leg raising test.


MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS
In all patients, prone positioning increased the ratio of arterial oxygen partial pressure over inspired oxygen fraction, the intraabdominal pressure, and the right and left cardiac preload. The pulmonary vascular resistance decreased along with the ratio of the right/left ventricular end-diastolic areas suggesting a decrease of the right ventricular afterload. In the nine patients with preload reserve, prone positioning significantly increased cardiac index (3.0 [2.3-3.5] to 3.6 [3.2-4.4] L/min/m(2)). In the remaining patients, cardiac index did not change despite a significant decrease in the pulmonary vascular resistance.


CONCLUSIONS
In patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome under protective ventilation and maximal alveolar recruitment, prone positioning increased the cardiac index only in patients with preload reserve, emphasizing the important role of preload in the hemodynamic effects of prone positioning.
Exotic galilean symmetry in non commutative field theory

The non-relativistic version of the non commutative Field Theory, recently introduced by Lozano, Moreno and Schaposnik [1], is shown to admit the “exotic” Galilean symmetry found before for point particles.
DISTANCE-BASED VEHICLE INSURANCE AS A TDM STRATEGY

Vehicle insurance is generally considered a fixed cost with respect to vehicle use: motorists seldom save on insurance by reducing their mileage. Distance-based Vehicle Insurance (DBVI, also called Pay-As-You-Drive, Usage-based, and Per-Mile) converts insurance to a variable cost, so premiums are based directly on annual vehicle-travel. This makes insurance pricing more actuarially accurate (premiums better reflect each vehicle’s claim costs) and gives motorists a new opportunity to save money when they reduce their mileage and therefore risk exposure. It can help achieve several policy objectives including increased fairness, consumer savings and affordability, safety, congestion reduction, energy savings and emission reductions. This report compares several distance-based insurance pricing options, and evaluates concerns and criticisms. The analysis indicates that DBVI is technically and economically feasible, and can provide significant benefits to motorists and society. What would be the consequences of selling gasoline like vehicle insurance? With gasoline sold by the car-year, vehicle owners would make one annual advance payment which allows them to draw gasoline unrestricted at their company’s fuel stations. Prices would be based on the average cost of supplying fuel to similar motorists. This would cause a spiral of increased fuel consumption, mileage and vehicle costs, including externalities such as accident risk, congestion and pollution. Motorists who use less fuel than average would find this unfair, but those who use more than average would defend it because they enjoy benefits. Such a system would be irrational. It is comparable to current insurance pricing. An earlier version of this paper was published in Transportation Quarterly, Vol. 51, No. 3, Summer 1997, pp. 119-138. The comprehensive technical report of this study, Distance-Based Vehicle Insurance; Feasibility, Costs and Benefits, is available at www.vtpi.org/dbvi_com.pdf. Distance-Based Vehicle Insurance Victoria Transport Policy Institute
IOTSim: A simulator for analysing IoT applications

A disruptive technology that is influencing not only computing paradigm but every other business is the rise of big data. Internet of Things (IoT) applications are considered to be a major source of big data. Such IoT applications are in general supported through clouds where data is stored and processed by big data processing systems. In order to improve the efficiency of cloud infrastructure so that they can efficiently support IoT big data applications, it is important to understand how these applications and the corresponding big data processing systems will perform in cloud computing environments. However, given the scalability and complex requirements of big data processing systems, an empirical evaluation on actual cloud infrastructure can hinder the development of timely and cost effective IoT solutions. Therefore, a simulator supporting IoT applications in cloud environment is highly demanded, but such work is still in its infancy. To fill this gap, we have designed and implemented IOTSim which supports and enables simulation of IoT big data processing using MapReduce model in cloud computing environment. A real case study validates the efficacy of the simulator. © 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
The impact of a program in mindful communication on primary care physicians.

PURPOSE
In addition to structural transformations, deeper changes are needed to enhance physicians' sense of meaning and satisfaction with their work and their ability to respond creatively to a dynamically changing practice environment. The purpose of this research was to understand what aspects of a successful continuing education program in mindful communication contributed to physicians' well-being and the care they provide.


METHOD
In 2008, the authors conducted in-depth, semistructured interviews with primary care physicians who had recently completed a 52-hour mindful communication program demonstrated to reduce psychological distress and burnout while improving empathy. Interviews with a random sample of 20 of the 46 physicians in the Rochester, New York, area who attended at least four of eight weekly sessions and four of eight monthly sessions were audio-recorded, transcribed, and analyzed qualitatively. The authors identified salient themes from the interviews.


RESULTS
Participants reported three main themes: (1) sharing personal experiences from medical practice with colleagues reduced professional isolation, (2) mindfulness skills improved the participants' ability to be attentive and listen deeply to patients' concerns, respond to patients more effectively, and develop adaptive reserve, and (3) developing greater self-awareness was positive and transformative, yet participants struggled to give themselves permission to attend to their own personal growth.


CONCLUSIONS
Interventions to improve the quality of primary care practice and practitioner well-being should promote a sense of community, specific mindfulness skills, and permission and time devoted to personal growth.
A critical evaluation of the emotional intelligence construct

This study critically evaluated the Emotional Intelligence (EI) construct (the ability to perceive, understand, and manage emotions), as measured by the Multi-factor Emotional Intelligence Scale (MEIS in press). We administered the MEIS to Australian undergraduates along with a battery of IQ, personality, and other theoretically relevant criterion measures, including life satisfaction and relationship quality. We also induced moods in the students and examined whether people high in EI were better than others at managing their moods and preventing their moods from biasing their social judgments. Analyses revealed that EI was not related to IQ but was related, as expected, to speci®c personality measures (e.g., empathy) and to other criterion measures (e.g., life satisfaction) even after controlling for IQ and personality traits. EI was also related to people's ability to manage their moods, but not to their ability to prevent moods from biasing their judgments. IQ was surprisingly related to both these mood processes. The results suggest that the EI construct is distinctive and useful, but that traditional IQ may also be important in understanding emotional processes. # 2000 Published by Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.
Label-Embedding for Image Classification

Attributes act as intermediate representations that enable parameter sharing between classes, a must when training data is scarce. We propose to view attribute-based image classification as a label-embedding problem: each class is embedded in the space of attribute vectors. We introduce a function that measures the compatibility between an image and a label embedding. The parameters of this function are learned on a training set of labeled samples to ensure that, given an image, the correct classes rank higher than the incorrect ones. Results on the Animals With Attributes and Caltech-UCSD-Birds datasets show that the proposed framework outperforms the standard Direct Attribute Prediction baseline in a zero-shot learning scenario. Label embedding enjoys a built-in ability to leverage alternative sources of information instead of or in addition to attributes, such as, e.g., class hierarchies or textual descriptions. Moreover, label embedding encompasses the whole range of learning settings from zero-shot learning to regular learning with a large number of labeled examples.
An Extension of Business Process Model and Notation for Security Risk Management

Business process modelling is one of the major aspects in the modern information system development. Recently business process model and notation (BPMN) has become a standard technique to support this activity. Typically the BPMN notations are used to understand enterprise’s business processes. However, limited work exists regarding how security concerns are addressed during the management of the business processes. This is a problem, since both business processes and security should be understood in parallel to support a development of the secure information systems. In the previous work we have analysed BPMN with respect to the domain model of the IS security risk management (ISSRM) and showed how the language constructs could be aligned to the concepts of the ISSRM domain model. In this paper the authors propose the BPMN extensions for security risk management based on the BPMN alignment to the ISSRM concepts. We illustrate how the extended BPMN could express assets, risks and risk treatment on few running examples related to the Internet store regarding the asset confidentiality, integrity and availability. Our proposal would allow system analysts to understand how to develop security requirements to secure important assets defined through business processes. The paper opens the possibility for business and security model interoperability and the model transformation between several modelling approaches (if these both are aligned to the ISSRM domain model). Olga Altuhhov University of Tartu, Estonia Raimundas Matulevičius University of Tartu, Estonia Naved Ahmed University of Tartu, Estonia
Positron Emission Tomography (PET) Imaging of Prostate Cancer with a Gastrin Releasing Peptide Receptor Antagonist - from Mice to Men

UNLABELLED
Ex vivo studies have shown that the gastrin releasing peptide receptor (GRPr) is overexpressed on almost all primary prostate cancers, making it a promising target for prostate cancer imaging and targeted radiotherapy.


METHODS
Biodistribution, dosimetry and tumor uptake of the GRPr antagonist ⁶⁴Cu-CB-TE2A-AR06 [(⁶⁴Cu-4,11-bis(carboxymethyl)-1,4,8,11-tetraazabicyclo(6.6.2)hexadecane)-PEG₄-D-Phe-Gln-Trp-Ala-Val-Gly-His-Sta-LeuNH₂] were studied by PET/CT in four patients with newly diagnosed prostate cancer (T1c-T2b, Gleason 6-7).


RESULTS
No adverse events were observed after injection of ⁶⁴Cu-CB-TE2A-AR06. Three of four tumors were visualized with high contrast [tumor-to-prostate ratio > 4 at 4 hours (h) post injection (p.i.)], one small tumor (T1c, < 5% tumor on biopsy specimens) showed moderate contrast (tumor-to-prostate ratio at 4 h: 1.9). Radioactivity was cleared by the kidneys and only the pancreas demonstrated significant accumulation of radioactivity, which rapidly decreased over time.


CONCLUSION
⁶⁴Cu-CB-TE2A-AR06 shows very favorable characteristics for imaging prostate cancer. Future studies evaluating ⁶⁴Cu-CB-TE2A-AR06 PET/CT for prostate cancer detection, staging, active surveillance, and radiation treatment planning are necessary.
Integrating illness concerns into cognitive behavioral therapy for children and adolescents with inflammatory bowel disease and co-occurring anxiety.

PURPOSE
To examine the feasibility and preliminary benefits of an integrative cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) with adolescents with inflammatory bowel disease and anxiety.


DESIGN AND METHODS
Nine adolescents participated in a CBT program at their gastroenterologist's office. Structured diagnostic interviews, self-report measures of anxiety and pain, and physician-rated disease severity were collected pretreatment and post-treatment.


RESULTS
Postintervention, 88% of adolescents were treatment responders, and 50% no longer met criteria for their principal anxiety disorder. Decreases were demonstrated in anxiety, pain, and disease severity.


PRACTICE IMPLICATIONS
Anxiety screening and a mental health referral to professionals familiar with medical management issues is important.
Engineer Intelligence Guide 31, Production of Cross-Country Movement Studies, December 1959

has been approved by the Chief of Engineers for dissemination within the Corps of Engineers. This document has not been reviewed by the Office of the Assistant Chief of Staff for Intelligence, and therefore does not necessarily represent agreed Department of the Army guidanceo
Integrating Agent Services into BPEL 4 WS Defined Workflows

In the future, Web services and software agents will coexist in the Business Process Management solution space. In our vision, agents will have symbiotic relationships with Web services, harnessing them as externally defined agent behaviors. In this paper we detail the development of a demonstration system that transparently integrates agent services into BPEL4WS defined workflows. The development of the demonstration system illustrates the power of compositional approaches to system creation. It also serves to reinforce the importance of open standards, since the integration of the separate components is dependent upon the interoperability that standards provide. This work is an important first step toward fully integrated agent-based workflow management systems.
Salvage endoscopic nasoseptal flap repair of persistent cerebrospinal fluid leak after open skull base surgery.

PURPOSE
Persistent cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) rhinorrhea after open skull base surgery can be challenging to manage due to the risk of meningitis, brain abscess, surgical morbidity associated with revision craniotomy, and the lack of available healthy autologous tissue after failure of a pericranial flap. Given the recent success of the vascularized pedicled nasoseptal flap (PNSF) for reconstruction after endoscopic skull base surgery, we have adopted this technique as a salvage method to treat recalcitrant CSF rhinorrhea after previous open skull base surgery in order to avoid revision craniotomy. To our knowledge, use of the PNSF in this setting has not been previously described in the literature.


METHODS
A retrospective analysis was performed on 4 patients who underwent endoscopic endonasal PNSF repair of persistent CSF rhinorrhea after having undergone previous open transcranial skull base operation. Pathologies consisted of one sinonasal anterior skull base squamous cell carcinoma, one recurrent petrosal skull base meningioma, and 2 traumatic gunshot wounds to the head.


RESULTS
All 4 patients underwent successful repair of CSF rhinorrhea without complications using the salvage endoscopic endonasal PNSF technique after a mean follow-up of 21.5 months.


CONCLUSIONS
In patients who have undergone previous open skull base surgery as the primary approach, persistent CSF rhinorrhea can be safely repaired using the vascularized PNSF via an endoscopic endonasal approach. This minimally invasive strategy has the advantage of providing new healthy vascularized tissue for skull base reconstruction while avoiding revision craniotomy.
No growth stimulation of Canada's boreal forest under half-century of combined warming and CO2 fertilization.

Considerable evidence exists that current global temperatures are higher than at any time during the past millennium. However, the long-term impacts of rising temperatures and associated shifts in the hydrological cycle on the productivity of ecosystems remain poorly understood for mid to high northern latitudes. Here, we quantify species-specific spatiotemporal variability in terrestrial aboveground biomass stem growth across Canada's boreal forests from 1950 to the present. We use 873 newly developed tree-ring chronologies from Canada's National Forest Inventory, representing an unprecedented degree of sampling standardization for a large-scale dendrochronological study. We find significant regional- and species-related trends in growth, but the positive and negative trends compensate each other to yield no strong overall trend in forest growth when averaged across the Canadian boreal forest. The spatial patterns of growth trends identified in our analysis were to some extent coherent with trends estimated by remote sensing, but there are wide areas where remote-sensing information did not match the forest growth trends. Quantifications of tree growth variability as a function of climate factors and atmospheric CO2 concentration reveal strong negative temperature and positive moisture controls on spatial patterns of tree growth rates, emphasizing the ecological sensitivity to regime shifts in the hydrological cycle. An enhanced dependence of forest growth on soil moisture during the late-20th century coincides with a rapid rise in summer temperatures and occurs despite potential compensating effects from increased atmospheric CO2 concentration.
Agenesis of maxillary lateral incisors and associated dental anomalies.

INTRODUCTION
The objectives of this study were to evaluate the prevalence of dental anomalies in patients with agenesis of maxillary lateral incisors and to compare the findings with the prevalence of these anomalies in the general population.


METHODS
A sample of 126 patients, aged 7 to 35 years, with agenesis of at least 1 maxillary lateral incisor was selected. Panoramic and periapical radiographs and dental casts were used to analyze other associated dental anomalies, including agenesis of other permanent teeth, ectopia of unerupted permanent teeth, microdontia of maxillary lateral incisors, and supernumerary teeth. The occurrence of these anomalies was compared with prevalence data previously reported for the general population. Statistical testing was performed with the chi-square test (P <0.05) and the odds ratio.


RESULTS
Patients with maxillary lateral incisor agenesis had a significantly increased prevalence rate of permanent tooth agenesis (18.2%), excluding the third molars. The occurrence of third-molar agenesis in a subgroup aged 14 years or older (n = 76) was 35.5%. The frequencies of maxillary second premolar agenesis (10.3%), mandibular second premolar agenesis (7.9%), microdontia of maxillary lateral incisors (38.8%), and distoangulation of mandibular second premolars (3.9%) were significantly increased in our sample compared with the general population. In a subgroup of patients aged 10 years or older (n = 115), the prevalence of palatally displaced canines was elevated (5.2%). The prevalences of mesioangulation of mandibular second molars and supernumerary teeth were not higher in the sample.


CONCLUSIONS
Permanent tooth agenesis, maxillary lateral incisor microdontia, palatally displaced canines, and distoangulation of mandibular second premolars are frequently associated with maxillary lateral incisor agenesis, providing additional evidence of a genetic interrelationship in the causes of these dental anomalies.
Varying boreal forest response to Arctic environmental change at the Firth River, Alaska

The response of boreal forests to anthropogenic climate change remains uncertain, with potentially significant impacts for the global carbon cycle, albedo, canopy evapotranspiration and feedbacks into further climate change. Here, we focus on tree-ring data from the Firth River site at treeline in northeastern Alaska, in a tundra–forest transition region where pronounced warming has already occurred. Both tree-ring width (TRW) and maximum latewood density (MXD) chronologies were developed to identify the nature of tree growth and density responses to climatic and environmental changes in white spruce (Picea glauca), a dominant Arctic treeline species. Good agreement was found between the interannual fluctuations in the TRW chronology and summer temperatures from 1901 to 1950, whereas no significant relationships were found from 1951 to 2001, supporting evidence of significant divergence between TRW and summer temperature in the second half of the 20th century. In contrast to this unstable climatic response in the TRW record, the high frequency July–August temperature signal in the MXD series seems reasonably stable through the 20th century. Wider and denser rings were more frequent during the 20th century, particularly after 1950, than in previous centuries. Finally, comparison between the tree-ring proxies and a satellite-derived vegetation index suggests that TRW and MXD correlate with vegetation productivity at the landscape level at different times of the growing season.
Platelet-rich plasma for enhancing surgical rotator cuff repair: evaluation and comparison of two application methods in a rat model

Platelet-rich plasma (PRP) is a natural concentrate of autologous growth factors now being widely tested in different fields of medicine for its potential in enhancing the regeneration of tissue with low healing potential. However, studies of PRP in enhancing rotator cuff repair have been contradictory, perhaps because of how PRP is administered. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the effect of PRP and compare two different application methods of PRP on rotator cuff healing. The supraspinatus tendons of 48 mature, male Wistar–Albino rats were detached from their insertion on the humerus. The animals were divided into four groups: (1) no repair, (2) primary repair, (3) repair plus PRP injections into the tendon–bone interface, and (4) repair plus PRP absorbed from a sponge carrier to the tendon–bone interface. The tendons were evaluated biomechanically and histologically at week 8. Cuffs repaired with PRP had significantly greater mean (SD) load-to-failure rates [11.1 (6.5) and 11.6 (3.9) N; P < 0.05] and stiffness [3.5 (2.3) and 1.6 (0.75) N; P < 0.05] than did cuffs repaired without PRP. The groups receiving PRP did not differ significantly on these variables. Histological evaluation showed no significant differences among the four groups. The application of PRP, independent of the application method, significantly improved biomechanical properties at the rotator cuff tendon–bone interface. The type of application, injection or absorption from a sponge did not influence the effect of PRP on rotator cuff healing.