LLukas22/scidocs huggingface dataset:
Wideband cavity backed spiral antenna for stepped frequency ground penetrating radar

A 1.7 turn cavity backed coplanar waveguide to coplanar strip-fed logarithmic uniplanar spiral antenna is presented and compared to a 1.5 turn spiral antenna. The 1.7 turn spiral antenna has a wide beamwidth, are circular polarised and has a bandwidth with a return loss better than 6 dB in the frequency band from 0.25 GHz to 4.5 GHz (18:1). The antenna is useful for ground penetrating radar (GPR)
Mortality in Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA): factors associated with recording RA on death certificates

BACKGROUND
Death certificates can be used to assess disease prevalence and incidence; however, rheumatoid arthritis (RA) often remains unreported in death certificates. We sought to determine to what extent RA is underreported and what demographic and clinical characteristics could predict mention of RA in the death certificate.


METHODS
We recruited 1328 patients with RA from private, public and military rheumatology practices and followed them prospectively for yearly evaluations. A rheumatologist assessed clinical characteristics of RA and comorbidities at each evaluation. Deaths were identified through family members, other physicians, obituaries and public death databases. All were confirmed with state-issued death certificates. Patients with and without RA in death certificate were compared using bivariate and multivariate analyses.


RESULTS
By December 2013, 326 deaths had occurred. We received and reviewed death certificates for all confirmed deaths, of which 58 (17.7 %) mentioned RA on the death certificate. Bivariate analysis revealed that younger age, a greater number of deformities, higher Sharp score and lower socioeconomic status were each associated with recording RA. Multivariable analyses revealed that comorbidity [OR (95 % CI) = 0.84 (0.73, 0.97); P = 0.022] was inversely associated with listing RA on the death certificate, while the number of deformities [OR (95 % CI) = 1.04 (1.00, 1.07); P = 0.033] and a certified physician's signature on the death certificate [OR (95 % CI) = 4.79 (1.35, 16.9); P = 0.015] increased likelihood of reporting RA.


CONCLUSION
In this cohort, RA was not listed in over 80 % of death certificates. Younger patients with fewer comorbidities and more joint deformities were more likely to have RA reported.


DISCUSSION
RA is often not included in death certificates. The findings of this study suggest that older patients may have a greater number of comorbidities, thus decreasing the likelihood that RA be included when completing the death certificate.
Evidenzbasierte Armrehabilitation

Basierend auch einer systematischen MEDLINE-Recherche und informellen Literaturquellen wurden 40 Referenzen identifiziert, die als systematischer Review, Metaanalyse, randomisierte kontrollierte Studie oder kontrollierte Kohortenstudie klinische Prüfungen übungstherapeutischer oder neuromuskulär elektrisch stimulierender Verfahren bei Patienten mit Armlähmungen nach zerebrovaskulären Insult beinhalten. Die Ergebnisse lassen sich in 3 Bereiche zusammenfassen: Vergleich physiotherapeutischer Schulen, Effekt der Trainingsintensität und spezifische Methoden für Patientensubgruppen. Bis auf das "Motor Relearning Programme", einem aufgabenorientierten Training, fanden sich keine Hinweise auf eine unterschiedliche Wirksamkeit der etablierten physiotherapeutischer Schulen. Eine Steigerung der Trainingsintensität kann die motorische Erholung beschleunigen. Für spezifische Subgruppen von Patienten stehen wirksame spezifische Armrehabilitationsmethoden zur Verfügung: für Patienten mit leichten Defiziten der Fein- und Zielmotorik das Armfähigkeitstraining, für Patienten mit partiellen funktionellen Einschränkungen und gelerntem Nichtgebrauch des betroffenen Armes die "constrained-induced movement therapy" (Taub-Training) und für Patienten mit schwerer Armlähmung und erheblich beeinträchtigter Willkürinnervation repetitive sensomotorische Trainingsverfahren, EMG-Biofeedback, funktionelle Elektrostimulation und Robot-assistierte Trainingsverfahren. Based on a systematic MEDLINE search and informal sources, 40 references were identified that evaluate training therapy or neuromuscular electric stimulation for arm paresis after stroke and describe either a systematic review, meta-analysis, randomised controlled trial, or controlled cohort study. The evidence was grouped into three areas of interest: comparison of physiotherapy schools, effects of intensity of training, and efficacy of specific arm rehabilitation techniques. The only physiotherapy school with evidence of superior efficacy was the task-oriented 'motor relearning programme'. Higher intensities of motor rehabilitation can accelerate motor recovery. Various training techniques with demonstrated efficacy are available for specific patient subgroups: arm ability training for mildly affected patients with reduced efficiency of motor control, constrained-induced movement therapy for patients with partial functional deficits and learned nonuse of the affected arm, and repetitive sensorimotor training techniques, EMG-biofeedback, functional electrical stimulation, and robot-assisted training for patients with severe arm paresis.
COMPARATIVE STUDY OF POLYPHENOLIC CONTENT , ANTIOXIDANT AND ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITY OF FOUR GALIUM SPECIES ( RUBIACEAE )

a Department of Pharmaceutical Botany, Faculty of Pharmacy, "Iuliu Hatieganu" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 12 Ion Creanga Street, 400010 ClujNapoca, Romania b Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Biopharmaceutics, 12 Ion Creanga Street, Cluj-Napoca, 400010, Romania c Department of Pharmacognosy “Iuliu Hatieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 12 Ion Creanga Street, Cluj-Napoca, 400010, Romania
Validation of a multiplex chip-based assay for the detection of autoantibodies against citrullinated peptides

INTRODUCTION
Autoantibodies directed against citrullinated proteins/peptides (ACPAs) are highly specific and predictive for the development of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Different subgroups of RA patients, which have different prognoses and may require different treatments, are characterized by different autoantibody profiles. The objective of this study was to develop a microarray for the detection of multiple RA-associated autoantibodies, initially focusing on responses against citrullinated epitopes on candidate autoantigens in RA.


METHODS
The microarray is based on Phadia's ImmunoCAP ISAC system, with which reactivity to more than 100 antigens can be analyzed simultaneously, by using minute serum volumes (< 10 μl). Twelve citrullinated peptides, and the corresponding native arginine-containing control peptides, were immobilized in an arrayed fashion onto a chemically modified glass slide, allowing a three-dimensional layer with high binding capacity. The assay was optimized concerning serum dilution and glass surface, whereas each individual antigen was optimized concerning coupling chemistry, antigen concentration, and selection of spotting buffer. The performance of each peptide in the ImmunoCAP ISAC system was compared with the performance in enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISAs). Serum from 927 RA patients and 461 healthy controls from a matched case-control study were applied onto reaction sites on glass slides, followed by fluorescent-labeled anti-human immunoglobulin G (IgG) antibody. Fluorescence intensities were detected with a laser scanner, and the results analyzed by using image-analysis software.


RESULTS
Strong correlations between the ImmunoCAP ISAC system and ELISA results were found for individual citrullinated peptides (Spearman ρ typically between 0.75 and 0.90). Reactivity of RA sera with the peptides was seen mainly in the anticyclic citrullinated peptide 2 (CCP2)-positive subset, but some additional reactivity with single citrullinated peptides was seen in the anti-CCP2-negative subset. Adjusting for reactivity against arginine-containing control peptides did not uniformly change the diagnostic performance for antibodies against the individual citrullinated peptides.


CONCLUSIONS
The multiplexed array, for detection of autoantibodies against multiple citrullinated epitopes on candidate RA autoantigens, will be of benefit in studies of RA pathogenesis, diagnosis, and potentially as a guide to individualized treatment.
Applying supply chain optimization techniques to workforce planning problems

The IBM Research Division has developed the Resource Capacity Planning (RCP) Optimizer to support the Workforce Management Initiative (WMI) of IBM. RCP applies supply chain management techniques to the problem of planning the needs of IBM for skilled labor in order to satisfy service engagements, such as consulting, application development, or customer support. This paper describes two RCP models and presents two approaches to solving each of them. We also describe the motivation for using one approach over another. The models are built using the Watson Implosion Technology toolkit, which consists of a supply chain model, solvers for analysis and optimization, and an Application Programming Interface (API) for developing a solution. The models that we built solve two core resource planning problems, gap/glut analysis and resource action planning. The gap/glut analysis is similar to material requirements planning (MRP), in which shortages (gaps) and excesses (gluts) of resources are determined on the basis of expected demand. The goal of the resource action planning problem is to determine what resource actions to take in order to fill the gaps and reduce the gluts. The gap/glut analysis engine is currently deployed within the IBM service organization to report gaps and gluts in personnel.
Stack-Based Genetic Programming

Some recent work in the field of Genetic Programming (GP) has been concerned with finding optimum representations for evolvable and efficient computer programs. In this paper, I describe a new GP system in which target programs run on a stack-based virtual machine. The system is shown to have certain advantages in terms of efficiency and simplicity of implementation, and for certain classes of problems, its effectiveness is shown to be comparable or superior to current methods.
Insulin-like growth factor-1 induces regulatory T cell-mediated suppression of allergic contact dermatitis in mice

Allergic contact dermatitis (ACD) is triggered by an aberrant hyperinflammatory immune response to innocuous chemical compounds and ranks as the world's most prevalent occupational skin condition. Although a variety of immune effector cells are activated during ACD, regulatory T (Treg) cells are crucial in controlling the resulting inflammation. Insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) regulates cell proliferation and differentiation and accelerates wound healing and regeneration in several organs including the skin. Recently IGF-1 has also been implicated in protection from autoimmune inflammation by expansion of Treg cells. Here, we demonstrate that ectopic expression of IGF-1 in mouse skin suppresses ACD in a Treg cell-specific manner, increasing the number of Foxp3+ Treg cells in the affected area and stimulating lymphocyte production of the anti-inflammatory cytokine interleukin 10. Similar therapeutic effects can be achieved with systemic or topical delivery of IGF-1, implicating this growth factor as a promising new therapeutic option for the treatment of ACD.
Gut microbiota, enteroendocrine functions and metabolism.

The gut microbiota affects host metabolism through a number of physiological processes. Emerging evidence suggests that gut microbes interact with the host through several pathways involving enteroendocrine cells (e.g. L cells). The activation of specific G protein coupled receptors expressed on L cells (e.g. GPR41, GPR43, GPR119 and TGR5) triggers the secretion of glucagon-like peptides (GLP-1 and GLP-2) and PYY. These gut peptides are known to control energy homeostasis, glucose metabolism, gut barrier function and metabolic inflammation. Here, we explore how crosstalk between the ligands produced by the gut microbiota (short chain fatty acids, or SCFAs), or produced by the host but influenced by gut microbes (endocannabinoids and bile acids), impact host physiology.
Medication adherence in COPD: what have we learned?

As physicians, we take great interest in the adherence of our patients to prescribed medications. This is based on our belief that the benefits of treatment will be greater in patients who take their medication regularly and less among those who do not. C Everett Koop is quoted as having said: “Drugs don’t work in patients who don’t take them”. The practice of faithfully complying with a medication regimen, however, may be just as important as the efficacy of the medication itself. In this month’s issue of Thorax , Vestbo et al 1 report that, among patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) participating in the TORCH trial,2 adherers experienced significantly better survival and a lower risk of hospital admission due to exacerbations than non-adherers ( see page 939 ). These effects, however, were independent of treatment group.

In fact, a growing body of literature suggests that adherence to drug therapy in clinical trials—both medication and placebo regimens—predicts better outcomes. Many of these data have been generated from cardiovascular trials.3 In 1980 a report from the Coronary Drug Project significantly challenged traditional scientific thought regarding the relationship between adherence and disease outcomes.4 This randomised double-blind placebo controlled trial examined the effects of clofibrate on the survival of men who had experienced a myocardial infarction.5 Five-year mortality was similar for those …
Clinical history of patients with peritoneal carcinomatosis exluded from cytoreductive surgery & HIPEC.

PURPOSE
The aim of this study was to explore the natural course of peritoneal carcinomatosis (PC) in patients who are not fit to undergo cytoreductive (CRS) surgery and hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy (HIPEC).


METHODS
Over an 8-year period (2006-2013) 320 patients were excluded from CRS and HIPEC at our center. Exclusion criteria were: (a) age >75 years; (b) ASA score ≥ 3; (c) extraperitoneal disease; (d) massive disease involvement of the small bowel; (e) disease involvement of the hepatic pedicle or the pancreas; (f) invasion of retroperitoneal space; (g) more than two stenoses of the small bowel. Another 130 patients underwent CRS and HIPEC.


RESULTS
In the HIPEC group (N=130), the mean overall survival was 26.2±11.7 months, while from the non- HIPEC group (N=320), 200 patients underwent palliative surgery, with a mean overall survival of 11.7±8.3 months. Only 120 patients received palliative chemotherapy with a mean overall survival of 7.2±4.3 months.


CONCLUSION
Our study suggests that, in patients unfit to undergo CRS & HIPEC, an exploratory laparotomy and palliative surgery should be performed, offering a survival benefit and improved quality of life.
Adenoma detection at colonoscopy by polypectomy in withdrawal only versus both insertion and withdrawal: a randomized controlled trial

Colonic configuration during insertion phase (IP) and withdrawal phase (WP) is different and some polyps seen during IP are difficult to find during WP and vice versa. To determine if polypectomy performed during both IP and WP of colonoscopy (study arm) increases adenoma detection rate (ADR) compared to WP only (control arm). In this prospective randomized controlled trial, adults undergoing out-patient colonoscopy were enrolled. The primary outcome was mean number of adenomas detected per patient. Secondary outcomes were ADR, defined as the proportion of colonoscopies with at least one adenoma, polyp detection rates (PDR), number of patients classified as high-risk group (presence of ≥3 adenomas of any size, any adenoma ≥1 cm in size, or adenoma with villous component, or high grade dysplasia), procedural times, patients discomfort, and ease of procedure. Among 772 patients enrolled, 610 were included (329 in study arm and 281 in control arm). In both arms, mean number of adenomas detected per patient were similar, 0.78 ± 1.4 vs. 0.74 ± 1.5, P = 0.75. Also, ADR (39.2 vs. 38.1 %, P = 0.77) and PDR (57.1 and 54.1 %, P = 0.45) were similar. Mean insertion time was significantly higher in study arm (10.2 ± 5.8 vs. 9.3 ± 5.6 min, p = 0.046). Proportion of patients identified as high-risk group were significantly higher in study arm (18.8 vs. 11.7 %, P = 0.016). Conclusions: Polypectomy performed during both IP and WP compared to the WP only, did not improve ADR or mean number of adenomas detected per patient. Trial registration: Clinicaltrials.gov, #NCT01025960.
A Novel Approach to Develop a Secure Image based Steganographic Model using Integer Wavelet Transform

Steganography is a process that involves hiding a message in an appropriate carrier like image or audio. It is of Greek origin and means "Covered or hidden writing". The carrier can be sent to a receiver without any one except the authenticated receiver only knows existence of the information. Steganography is an emerging area which is used for secured data transmission over any public media. Considerable amount of work has been carried out by different researchers on steganography. In this paper, a specific image based steganography technique for communicating information more securely between two locations is proposed. The author incorporated the idea of secret key for authentication at both ends in order to achieve high level of security. Before the embedding operation the cover image is segmented in different objects through normalized cut. As a further improvement of security level, the information has been permuted, encoded through integer wavelet transformation by lifting scheme and segmented in different parts and then finally each part has been embedded through modified lsb embedding method on different cuts of the cover image to form different stego objects. Finally stego image is formed by combining different stego objects and transmit to the receiver side. At the receiver side different reverse operation has been carried out to get back the original information. The proposed embedding approach works by selecting the embedding pixels using some mathematical function and then finds the 8 neighborhood of the selected pixel and map each bit of the secret message in each of the neighbor pixel in a specified manner. Before embedding a checking has been done to find out whether the selected pixel or its neighbor lies at the boundary of the image or not.
Computer science education in Japan

Firsthand observations trace the current state, future potential, and obstacles ahead for Japanese academia.
Siegel Modular Forms and Representations

This paper explicitly describes the procedure of associating an automorphic representation of PGSp(2n, A) with a Siegel modular form of degree n for the full modular group Γn = Sp(2n, Z), generalizing the well-known procedure for n = 1. This will show that the so-called “standard” and “spin” L-functions associated with such forms are obtained as Langlands L-functions. The theory of Euler products, developed by Langlands, applied to a Levi subgroup of the exceptional group of type F4, is then used to establish meromorphic continuation for the spin L-function when n = 3. Introduction Let f be a Siegel modular form of degree n for the full modular group Γn = Sp(2n, Z). If f is an eigenfunction for the action of the Hecke algebra, then there are two L-functions associated with f . Let a0, a1, . . . , an be the Satake parameters of f , and define the standard L-function L1(s, f) = ∏
A plagiarism detection system

The problem of plagiarism in programming assignments by students in computer science courses has caused considerable concern among both faculty and students. There are a number of methods which instructors use in an effort to control the plagiarism problem. In this paper we describe a plagiarism detection system which was recently implemented in our department. This system is being used to detect similarities in student programs.
MANAGEMENT CONTROL SYSTEMS AND STRATEGY: A CRITICAL REVIEW*

This paper reviews research that studies the relationship between management control systems (MCS) and business strategy. Empirical research studies that use contingency approaches and case study applications are examin ed focusing on specific aspects of MCS and their relationship with strategy. These aspects include cost control orientation, performance evaluation and reward systems, the effect of resource sharing, the role of MCS in influencing strategic change and the choice of interactive and diagnostic controls. More contemporary approaches to the relationship between performance measurement systems and strategy are also considered. It is concluded that our knowledge of the relationship between MCS and strategy is limited, providing considerable scope for further research. A series of future research questions is presented.@ 1997 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved In recent years there has been a growing interest in the relationship between management control systems (MCS) and strategy. It has been suggested that the MCS should be tailored explicitly to support the strategy of the business to lead to competitive advantage and superior performance (Dent, 1990; Samson et al., 1991; Simons, 1987a, 1990). Also, there is evidence that high organizational performance may result from a matching of an organization’s environment, strategy and internal structures and systems (Govindarajan & Gupta, 1985; Govindarajan, 198@). Strategy was not used explicitly as a variable in MCS research until the 1980s. This is surprising considering the field of business strategy or business policy has become increasingly important since it emerged in the 1950s (see Chandler, 1962). Much of the empirical research in this area follows a contingency approach and involves a search for systematic relationships between specific elements of the MCS and the particular strategy of the organization (Simons, 1987a; Merchant, 1985b; Govindarajan 81 Gupta, 1985). Case studies have also been undertaken to investigate the role of the MCS in supporting and influencing the strategic processes within organizations (Simons, 1990; Roberts, 1990; Archer & Otley, 1991). The focus has been primarily on business strategy at the senior management level of the organization. However, since the mid198Os, in the operations management literature there has been a growing interest in researching the way that manufacturing strategies can be used to gain competitive advantage (Buffa, 1984; Schonberger, 1986; Hayes et al., 1988). Normative studies and single case studies have explored the relationship between MCS and *This paper has benefited from comments of seminar participants at Lancaster University, University of Adelaide and the University of Tasmania, and participants at the European Accounting Association meeting held in Finland in 1993. I am also grateful for the help provided by Anthony Hopwood and the anonymous referees.
Interfaces in oxide–fibre-based composites

Abstract The behaviour of the fibre/matrix interface makes a composite being a material different from just a mixture of two constituents. Some important features of the interface have been known from the very beginning of research in the composite field whereas some new features are becoming known when deeper insight into the behaviour of composites occurred to be vital. Oxide–fibre-based composites provide clear illustrations of the primary importance of the interface in composite microstructures. Dealing with single crystalline oxide fibres in various matrices opens a number of new possibilities as well as yields new findings about a role of the interfaces in composites. A review of both the possibilities and findings is a subject of the present paper.