LLukas22/scidocs huggingface dataset:
Implementation of MPPT control using fuzzy logic in solar-wind hybrid power system

The renewable energy sources such as Solar energy and Wind energy are complementary by nature. Utilizing these natural resources to produce power will reduce the power demand on the conventional power generation sector. One of the applications of Solar-Wind hybrid power system (SWHPS) is to reduce the amount of power consumed from the conventional power generation to charge the storage reserves present in the system. The SWHPS comprises of Photovoltaic array, wind turbine, Permanent Magnet Synchronous generator (PMSG), controller and converter. The efficiency of the SWHPS depends on the MPPT controller, which makes the Photovoltaic (PV) and wind power generation system to operate at its maximum power. In PV system Perturb & Observe (P&O) algorithm is used as control logic for the Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT) controller and Hill Climb Search (HCS) algorithm is used as MPPT control logic for the Wind power system in order to maximizing the power generated. This paper presents a comparative analysis of MPPT controller built using P&O for PV system and HCS for Wind power system, with MPPT controller implemented using Fuzzy Logic control (FLC) in the both the renewable sources in the hybrid system. The performance of the different implementation of MPPT controllers in the hybrid system are investigated in this paper in MATLAB, Simulink. The SWHPS with the FLC based MPPT has shown to have a better, faster control as compared with the other controllers.
Multi-objective optimization of an isoflux antenna for LEO satellite down-handling link

A multi-objective optimization approach has been applied to the synthesis problem of the geometrical structure of antenna with complex set of requirement specification. This methodology is a promising tool for new development and application for several kind of microwave structure.
Oculovagal reflex in paediatric orbital floor fractures mimicking head injury.

BACKGROUND
The oculovagal reflex is well described in ophthalmic surgery, but may be caused by any manner of pressure on the globe. Children with orbital blowout fractures present in a different manner from adults. The classic presentation in children is a white eye injury (ie, no subconjunctival haemorrhage) with upgaze diplopia and general malaise.


METHODS
A retrospective audit is presented of paediatric and young adult patients referred to the Orbital Service at St George's Hospital who required surgical intervention.


RESULTS
One-third of children with orbital blowout fractures are admitted for head injury observations, while the true cause for the symptoms goes unrecognised and uninvestigated.


CONCLUSIONS
Orbital blowout fractures in children require more swift intervention than in adults if muscle ischaemia and permanent impairment of the vision is to be avoided. The delay for head injury observation may therefore compromise the surgical outcome.
Conceptions of Giftedness

Johnny, a 9-year-old elementary school student, has an IQ of 140, which would qualify him as “gifted” by virtually any IQ-based definition of giftedness anyone might use. Johnny has few friends, in large part because he has very poor social skills. Johnny has no hobbies to speak of, and is unengaged in significant extracurricular activities outside of school. And despite his IQ, Johnny is a good, but not great, student. Davy is also 9 and is in the same school as Johnny. He has an IQ of 120, which would quality him as “gifted” by some, but not other IQ-based definitions of giftedness. Davy is very active in sports and is the best soccer player of any age in his school. He also is a highly talented trombonist, and is first trombone in the elementary-school orchestra. His teacher believes he has the potential for a career in musical performance, should he wish to follow that path. Davy is very popular and is one of the top three academic performers in his class. Who is gifted? Johnny? Davy? Both? Or neither? In answering this question, four things must be kept in mind. First, “giftedness” is a label—nothing more. We are frequently asked whether such-and-such or so-and-so child is gifted. The answer depends on the criteria one sets. But there is no one absolute or “correct” set of criteria. Criteria for such labeling are a matter of opinion, nothing more, and there are many disagreements as to how the label should be applied. Second, the label can be applied in either a more general or a more specific way. The more general way implies that giftedness is relatively general across many domains—that is, someone is either gifted or not. On this view, someone who is gifted is gifted very broadly. The more specific way implies that giftedness is something that is potentially limited to one or several narrow domains—for example, verbal skills; or within the verbal domain, writing skills; or within the writing domain, fiction-writing skills. Indeed, relatively few successful fiction writers are also successful nonfiction writers, and vice versa.
An Adaptive Network-Based Fuzzy Inference System (ANFIS) for the prediction of stock market return: The case of the Istanbul Stock Exchange

Stock market prediction is important and of great interest because successful prediction of stock prices may promise attractive benefits. These tasks are highly complicated and very difficult. In this paper, we investigate the predictability of stock market return with Adaptive Network-Based Fuzzy Inference System (ANFIS). The objective of this study is to determine whether an ANFIS algorithm is capable of accurately predicting stock market return. We attempt to model and predict the return on stock price index of the Istanbul Stock Exchange (ISE) with ANFIS. We use six macroeconomic variables and three indices as input variables. The experimental results reveal that the model successfully forecasts the monthly return of ISE National 100 Index with an accuracy rate of 98.3%. ANFIS provides a promising alternative for stock market prediction. ANFIS can be a useful tool for economists and practitioners dealing with the forecasting of the stock price index return. 2010 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Energy efficient residential areas through smart grids

The transition towards a more sustainable energy supply system requires more flexible and efficient operation of the electricity distribution grids. By using demand side management energy efficiency in residential areas can be increased. In this paper the potential of demand side management from the perspective of the distribution system operator is discussed. Consequently it is illustrated how smart grid pilots in residential areas are designed in order to validate this potential, by investigating the customers' change in electricity consumption, and to show the impact of different demand side management approaches. Insights into the opportunities of smart grids validated with the experience gained during the pilots, can support distribution system operators to develop their grids and determine future investment strategies.
Dynamic Modeling and Operation Strategy for a Microgrid With Wind and Photovoltaic Resources

This paper presents a dynamic modeling and control strategy for a sustainable microgrid primarily powered by wind and solar energy. A current-source-interface multiple-input dc-dc converter is used to integrate the renewable energy sources to the main dc bus. Potential suitable applications range from a communication site or a residential area. A direct-driven permanent magnet synchronous wind generator is used with a variable speed control method whose strategy is to capture the maximum wind energy below the rated wind speed. This study considers both wind energy and solar irradiance changes in combination with load power variations. As a case study a 30-kW wind/solar hybrid power system dynamic model is explored. The examined dynamics shows that the proposed power system is a feasible option for a sustainable microgrid application.
Personality and Information Behavior in Web Search

Participants had to find information for a specific subjects (Radio waves and brain tumours). They had to mark relevant web documents as favorites and store them in a “favorites” folder in their browser. For each task, participants had a time limit of 15 minutes. For the first task participants were supposed to find five general pages, PDFs etc. and store them. In the second task they had to explicitly look for scientific literature and mark three articles.  Tasks were recorded using screen capture software  With the help of a click-counter plugin and analysis of the videos quantitative data per Task was collected  Variables are e. g. duration, number of clicks, number of pages, number of queries (also per minute), average/median/max rank, browser interaction  Further data concerning the personal judgement of the subject’s search was collected with Post-TaskQuestionnaires  The Big 5 Traits were operationalized with the B5T, a German questionnaire, which was presented to the participants at the end 2 Methods
Tracking Workload in the Emergency Department

OBJECTIVE
The primary objective of this study was to create a methodology for measuring transient levels of physician workload in a live emergency department (ED) environment.


BACKGROUND
Characterizing, defining, and measuring aspects of this interrupt-driven work environment represent the preliminary steps in addressing impending issues concerning ED overcrowding, efficiency, and patient and provider safety.


METHODS
A time-motion task analysis was conducted. Twenty emergency medicine (EM) physicians were observed for 180-min intervals in an ED of an academic medical center. Near continuous workload measures were developed and used to track changing workload levels in time. These measures were taken from subjective, objective, and physiological perspectives. The NASA-Task Load Index was administered to each physician after observational sessions to measure subjective workload. Physiological measurements were taken throughout the duration of the observation to measure stress response. Additional information concerning physicians' patient quantity and patient complexity was extracted from the ED information system.


RESULTS
Graphical workload profiles were created by combining observational and subjective data with system state data. Methodologies behind the creation of workload profiles are discussed, the workload profiles are compared, and quantitative and qualitative analyses are conducted.


CONCLUSION
Using human factors methods to measure workload in a setting such as the ED proves to be challenging but has relevant application in improving the efficiency and safety of EM.


APPLICATION
Techniques implemented in this research are applicable in managing ED staff and real-time monitoring of physician workload.
The Anatomy of the Supraclavicular Nerve During Surgical Approach to the Clavicular Shaft

BACKGROUND
Surgery for clavicular shaft fractures is becoming more common but incisional and chest wall numbness reportedly occurs in 10% to 29% of patients. This may be the result of iatrogenic injury to the supraclavicular nerve branches.


QUESTIONS/PURPOSES
We determined if there was a predictable branching pattern of the supraclavicular nerve at the anterior clavicular border and determined the distances to these nerves from clavicular landmarks.


METHODS
We performed an anatomic dissection along the anterior border of the long axis of the clavicle in 37 cadavers. The branches of the supraclavicular nerve were identified at the anterosuperior clavicular border and the distances from these nerves to palpable bony landmarks were measured.


RESULTS
Ninety-seven percent of specimens had a medial and a lateral branch of the supraclavicular nerve. Nearly half (49%) possessed an additional intermediate branch. No branch was found within 2.7 cm of the sternoclavicular joint or within 1.9 cm of the acromioclavicular joint. Between these two positions, there was wide variability in nerve branch location.


CONCLUSIONS
There were two or three branches of the supraclavicular nerve crossing the clavicle 97% of the time and a wide variability of the location of these branches outside the safe zones.


CLINICAL RELEVANCE
There are safe zones within 2.7 cm of the sternoclavicular joint and 1.9 cm of the acromioclavicular joint. Between these safe zones, the location of the nerve branches is variable and the surgeon must use meticulous dissection if he or she wishes to prevent transection.
Effects of saxagliptin on early microvascular changes in patients with type 2 diabetes

BACKGROUND
Patients with diabetes mellitus are at increased risk for microvascular complications. Early changes in microcirculation are characterized by hyperperfusion (e.g. in the retina and kidney) and increased pulse wave reflection leading to increased aortic pressure. We investigated the effects of the DPP-4-inhibitor saxagliptin on early retinal microvascular changes.


METHODS
In this double-blind, controlled, cross-over trial 50 patients (without clinical signs of microvascular alterations) with type-2 diabetes (mean duration of 4 years) were randomized to receive placebo or 5 mg saxagliptin for 6 weeks. Retinal arteriolar structure and retinal capillary flow (RCF) at baseline and during flicker-light exposure was assessed by scanning laser Doppler flowmetry. Central hemodynamics were assessed by pulse wave analysis.


RESULTS
Postprandial blood glucose (9.27 ± 0.4 versus 10.1 ± 0.4 mmol/L; p = 0.001) and HbA1c (6.84 ± 0.15 (51 ± 1.6) versus 7.10 ± 0.17% (54 ± 1.9 mmol/mol); p < 0.001) were significantly reduced with saxagliptin treatment compared to placebo. RCF was significantly reduced after treatment with saxagliptin (288 ± 13.2 versus 314 ± 14.1 AU; p = 0.033). This was most pronounced in a subgroup of patients (n = 32) with a fall in postprandial blood glucose (280 ± 12.1 versus 314 ± 16.6 AU; p = 0.011). No significant changes in RCF were seen during flicker-light exposure between placebo and saxagliptin, but the vasodilatory capacity increased two-fold with saxagliptin treatment. Central augmentation pressure tended to be lower after treatment with saxagliptin (p = 0.094), and central systolic blood pressure was significantly reduced (119 ± 2.3 versus 124 ± 2.3 mmHg; p = 0.038).


CONCLUSIONS
Our data suggest that treatment with saxagliptin for 6 weeks normalizes retinal capillary flow and improves central hemodynamics in type-2 diabetes.


TRIAL REGISTRATION
The study was registered at (ID: NCT01319357).
Instagram: Motives for its use and relationship to narcissism and contextual age

Instagram is the fastest growing social network site globally. This study investigates motives for its use, and its relationship to contextual age and narcissism. A survey of 239 college students revealed that the main reasons for Instagram use are “Surveillance/Knowledge about others,” “Documentation,” “Coolness,” and “Creativity.” The next significant finding was a positive relationship between those who scored high in interpersonal interaction and using Instagram for coolness, creative purposes, and surveillance. Another interesting finding shows that there is a positive relationship between high levels of social activity (traveling, going to sporting events, visiting friends, etc.) and being motivated to use Instagram as a means of documentation. In reference to narcissism, there was a positive relationship between using Instagram to be cool and for surveillance. Theoretical contributions of this study relate to our understanding of uses and gratifications theory. This study uncovers new motives for social media use not identified in previous literature. © 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Web credibility assessment: affecting factors and assessment techniques

Introduction. In the current era of digital communication, users share information they consider important, using wikis, blogs and social networking Websites. The digital content includes valuable as well as biased, false and demagogic information. The objectives of this review paper are, i) To understand the perceptions of users regarding Web credibility judgment and the problems faced by them, ii) To review and list the factors used in various Web credibility judgment techniques, iii) To suggest a hybrid model that takes advantage of different credibility judgment techniques. Method. This paper adopted a systematic review methodology based on the guidelines of Kitchenham. Analysis. Over 100 papers were reviewed to compile the list of factors covered in the approaches. These analyses were summarized in the form of tables featuring the methods, types and categories of approaches as well as the factors covered. Results. Our findings show that by adopting more than one approach when assessing the credibility of a Web, measuring credibility assessment becomes easier. Therefore, a hybrid approach is presented for the conduct of credibility assessment using the different approaches available to measure accuracy, authority, aesthetics, professionalism, popularity, currency, impartiality and quality. Conclusions. This paper hopes to contribute to the body of knowledge related to the identification of the factors (and categories they belong to) affecting Web credibility judgment and highlights the importance of a hybrid model for making accurate and effective Web credibility judgments.
Cognition and quality of life after chemotherapy plus radiotherapy (RT) vs. RT for pure and mixed anaplastic oligodendrogliomas: radiation therapy oncology group trial 9402.

PURPOSE
Radiation Therapy Oncology Group 9402 compared procarbazine, lomustine, and vincristine (PCV) chemotherapy plus radiation therapy (PCV + RT) vs. RT alone for anaplastic oligodendroglioma. Here we report longitudinal changes in cognition and quality of life, effects of patient factors and treatments on cognition, quality of life and survival, and prognostic implications of cognition and quality of life.


METHODS AND MATERIALS
Cognition was assessed by Mini Mental Status Examination (MMSE) and quality of life by Brain-Quality of Life (B-QOL). Scores were analyzed for survivors and within 5 years of death. Shared parameter models evaluated MMSE/B-QOL with survival.


RESULTS
For survivors, MMSE and B-QOL scores were similar longitudinally and between treatments. For those who died, MMSE scores remained stable initially, whereas B-QOL slowly declined; both declined rapidly in the last year of life and similarly between arms. In the aggregate, scores decreased over time (p = 0.0413 for MMSE; p = 0.0016 for B-QOL) and were superior with age <50 years (p < 0.001 for MMSE; p = 0.0554 for B-QOL) and Karnofsky Performance Score (KPS) 80-100 (p < 0.001). Younger age and higher KPS were associated with longer survival. After adjusting for patient factors and drop-out, survival was longer after PCV + RT (HR = 0.66, 95% CI = 0.49-0.9, p = 0.0084; HR = 0.74, 95% CI = 0.54-1.01, p = 0.0592) in models with MMSE and B-QOL. In addition, there were no differences in MMSE and B-QOL scores between arms (p = 0.4752 and p = 0.2767, respectively); higher scores predicted longer survival.


CONCLUSION
MMSE and B-QOL scores held steady in the upper range in both arms for survivors. Younger, fitter patients had better MMSE and B-QOL and longer survival.
Paired comparisons analysis: an axiomatic approach to ranking methods

In this paper we present an axiomatic analysis of several ranking methods for general tournaments. We find that the ranking method obtained by applying maximum likelihood to the (Zermelo-)Bradley-Terry model, the most common method in statistics and psychology, is one of the ranking methods that perform best with respect to the set of properties under consideration. A less known ranking method, generalised row sum, performs well too. We also study, among others, the fair bets ranking method, widely studied in social choice, and the least squares method.
Analyzing video services in Web 2.0: a global perspective

Serving multimedia content over the Internet with negligible delay remains a challenge. With the advent of Web 2.0, numerous video sharing sites using different storage and content delivery models have become popular. Yet, little is known about these models from a global perspective. Such an understanding is important for designing systems which can efficiently serve video content to users all over the world. In this paper, we analyze and compare the underlying distribution frameworks of three video sharing services - YouTube, Dailymotion and Metacafe - based on traces collected from measurements over a period of 23 days. We investigate the variation in service delay with the user's geographical location and with video characteristics such as age and popularity. We leverage multiple vantage points distributed around the globe to validate our observations. Our results represent some of the first measurements directed towards analyzing these recently popular services.
Bitcoin blockchain dynamics: The selfish-mine strategy in the presence of propagation delay

In the context of the ‘selfish-mine’ strategy proposed by Eyal and Sirer, we study the effect of propagation delay on the evolution of the Bitcoin blockchain. First, we use a simplified Markov model that tracks the contrasting statesof belief about the blockchain of a small pool of miners and the ‘rest of the community’ to establish that the use of block-hi ding strategies, such as selfish-mine, causes the rate of product ion of orphan blocks to increase. Then we use a spatial Poisson proc ess model to study values of Eyal and Sirer’s parameterγ, which denotes the proportion of the honest community that mine on a previously-secret block released by the pool in response to the mining of a block by the honest community. Finally, we use discrete-event simulation to study the behaviour of a netwo rk of Bitcoin miners, a proportion of which is colluding in using the selfish-mine strategy, under the assumption that there i s a propagation delay in the communication of information between miners. Keywords—Bitcoin, blockchain, block hiding strategies, honest mining, selfish-mine.
YUCCA MOUNTAIN: Earth-Science Issues at a Geologic Repository for High-Level Nuclear Waste

■ Abstract The nation has over 40,000 metric tonnes (MT) of nuclear waste destined for disposal in a geologic repository at Yucca Mountain. In this review, we highlight some of the important geoscience issues associated with the project and place them in the context of the process by which a final decision on Yucca Mountain will be made. The issues include understanding how water could infiltrate the repository, corrode the canisters, dissolve the waste, and transport it to the biosphere during a 10,000-year compliance period in a region, the Basin and Range province, that is known for seismic and volcanic activity. Although the site is considered to be “dry,” a considerable amount of water is present as pore waters and as structural water in zeolites. The geochemical environment is oxidizing, and the present repository design will maintain temperatures at greater than 100 ◦C for thousands of years. Geoscientists in this project are challenged to make unprecedented predictions about coupled thermal, hydrologic, mechanical, and geochemical processes governing the future behavior of the repository and to conduct research in a regulatory and legal environment that requires a quantitative analysis of repository performance.