LLukas22/scidocs huggingface dataset:
A Survey: Content Based Image Retrieval Based On Color, Texture, Shape & Neuro Fuzzy

In current technology the acquisition, transmission, storing, and manipulation are allowed on the large collections of images. With the increase in popularity of the network and development of multimedia technologies, users are not satisfied with the traditional information retrieval techniques. So nowadays, the content based image retrieval is becoming a source of exact and fast retrieval. Content Based Image Retrieval (CBIR) is a technique which uses visual features of image such as color, shape, texture, etc. to search user required image from large image database according to user's requests in the form of a query image. Images are retrieved on the basis of similarity in features where features of the query specification are compared with features from the image database to determine which images match similarly with given features. Feature extraction is a crucial part for any of such retrieval systems. So far, the only way of searching these collections was based on keyword indexing, or simply by browsing. Literature survey is most important for understanding and gaining much more knowledge about specific area of a subject. In this paper we survey some technical aspects of current content-based image retrieval systems and described the image segmentation in image processing and the features like neuro fuzzy technique, color histogram, texture, and shape for accurate and effective Content Based Image Retrieval System after doing the deep study of related works. Keywords— Content-Based Image Retrieval (CBIR), Neuro Fuzzy, Color Histogram, Texture, HSV Color and Wavelet decomposition, Image Segmentation.
An Overview of Robust Subspace Recovery

This paper will serve as an introduction to the body of work on robust subspace recovery. Robust subspace recovery involves finding an underlying low-dimensional subspace in a data set that is possibly corrupted with outliers. While this problem is easy to state, it has been difficult to develop optimal algorithms due to its underlying nonconvexity. This work emphasizes advantages and disadvantages of proposed approaches and unsolved problems in the area.
The Future of Law and Economics

Several developments are likely to have significant impact on scholarship in the field of law and economics in the future. These include, first, creation of a richer base of empirical work; second, development of theories in human decisionmaking which surpass the explanatory value of the rational choice model; and third, incorporation of equitable considerations into analyses of legal commands and institutions.
A randomized trial of exemestane after two to three years of tamoxifen therapy in postmenopausal women with primary breast cancer.

BACKGROUND
Tamoxifen, taken for five years, is the standard adjuvant treatment for postmenopausal women with primary, estrogen-receptor-positive breast cancer. Despite this treatment, however, some patients have a relapse.


METHODS
We conducted a double-blind, randomized trial to test whether, after two to three years of tamoxifen therapy, switching to exemestane was more effective than continuing tamoxifen therapy for the remainder of the five years of treatment. The primary end point was disease-free survival.


RESULTS
Of the 4742 patients enrolled, 2362 were randomly assigned to switch to exemestane, and 2380 to continue to receive tamoxifen. After a median follow-up of 30.6 months, 449 first events (local or metastatic recurrence, contralateral breast cancer, or death) were reported--183 in the exemestane group and 266 in the tamoxifen group. The unadjusted hazard ratio in the exemestane group as compared with the tamoxifen group was 0.68 (95 percent confidence interval, 0.56 to 0.82; P<0.001 by the log-rank test), representing a 32 percent reduction in risk and corresponding to an absolute benefit in terms of disease-free survival of 4.7 percent (95 percent confidence interval, 2.6 to 6.8) at three years after randomization. Overall survival was not significantly different in the two groups, with 93 deaths occurring in the exemestane group and 106 in the tamoxifen group. Severe toxic effects of exemestane were rare. Contralateral breast cancer occurred in 20 patients in the tamoxifen group and 9 in the exemestane group (P=0.04).


CONCLUSIONS
Exemestane therapy after two to three years of tamoxifen therapy significantly improved disease-free survival as compared with the standard five years of tamoxifen treatment.
Finding similar users using category-based location history

In this paper, we aim to estimate the similarity between users according to their GPS trajectories. Our approach first models a user's GPS trajectories with a semantic location history (SLH), e.g., shopping malls → restaurants → cinemas. Then, we measure the similarity between different users' SLHs by using our maximal travel match (MTM) algorithm. The advantage of our approach lies in two aspects. First, SLH carries more semantic meanings of a user's interests beyond low-level geographic positions. Second, our approach can estimate the similarity between two users without overlaps in the geographic spaces, e.g., people living in different cities. We evaluate our method based on a real-world GPS dataset collected by 109 users in a period of 1 year. As a result, SLH-MTM outperforms the related works [4].
A 1.8 MHz MEMS-based oscillator with synchronous amplitude limiter

This paper describes the design and simulation of a MEMS-based oscillator using a synchronous amplitude limiter. The proposed solution does not require external control signals to keep the resonator drive amplitude within the desired range. In a MEMS oscillator the oscillation amplitude needs to be limited to avoid over-driving the resonator which could cause unwanted nonlinear behavior [1] or component failure. The interface electronics has been implemented and simulated in 0.35μm HV CMOS process. The resonator was fabricated using a custom rapid-prototyping process involving Focused Ion Beam masking and Cryogenic Deep Reactive Ion Etching.
Cleansing effect of acidic L-arginine on human oral biofilm.

BACKGROUND
Dental plaque formed on tooth surfaces is a complex ecosystem composed of diverse oral bacteria and salivary components. Accumulation of dental plaque is a risk factor for dental caries and periodontal diseases. L-arginine has been reported to decrease the risk for dental caries by elevating plaque pH through the activity of arginine deiminase in oral bacteria. Here we evaluated the potential of L-arginine to remove established oral biofilms.


METHODS
Biofilms were formed using human saliva mixed with Brain Heart Infusion broth supplemented with 1 % sucrose in multi-well plates or on plastic discs. After washing the biofilms with saline, citrate (10 mM, pH3.5), or L-arginine (0.5 M, pH3.5), the retained biofilms were analyzed by crystal violet staining, scanning electron microscopy, and Illumina-based 16S rDNA sequencing.


RESULTS
Washing with acidic L-arginine detached oral biofilms more efficiently than saline and significantly reduced biofilm mass retained in multi-well plates or on plastic discs. Illumina-based microbiota analysis showed that citrate (pH3.5) preferentially washed out Streptococcus from mature oral biofilm, whereas acidic L-arginine prepared with 10 mM citrate buffer (pH3.5) non-specifically removed microbial components of the oral biofilm.


CONCLUSIONS
Acidic L-arginine prepared with citrate buffer (pH3.5) effectively destabilized and removed mature oral biofilms. The acidic L-arginine solution described here could be used as an additive that enhances the efficacy of mouth rinses used in oral hygiene.
Synthesis and Characterization of Lead-Free Solders with Sn-3.5Ag-xCu (x = 0.2 , 0.5, 1.0) Alloy Nanoparticles by the Chemical Reduction Method

Due to the concerns of human health and the natural environment, the investigation of an alternative Pb-free solder is necessary. Currently, near-eutectic SnAgCu alloys are being developed as a lead-free solder. In this study, lead-free solders with Sn-3.5 Ag-xCu x = 0.2, 0.5, 1.0 nanoparticles were synthesized by chemical precipitation with NaBH4. The X-ray diffraction XRD patterns revealed that the Ag3Sn was formed due to the alloying process. From the XRD patterns, only Cu6Sn5 was formed when Cu concentration was as high as 1.0 wt % in the derived nanopowders. The formation of Ag3Sn and Cu6Sn5 gave strong evidence that the nanoparticles were mixed homogeneously. From transmission electron microscopy observation, the isolated particles were close to spherical shape and the particle sizes of powders were about 5 nm. The field emission scanning electron microscopy morphology of SnAgCu nanoparticles indicates that the major particle size of SnAgCu nanoparticles is in the range of 40 nm. It was evidenced from the differential scanning calorimetry profile that the SnAgCu nanoparticles could be melted successfully. In the wettability test, good metallurgical bonding was revealed between solders and substrates after reflow. Thus, the nanoparticles derived by the chemical reduction method in this study can be used as appropriate solder powders in electronic packaging. © 2005 The Electrochemical Society. DOI: 10.1149/1.1954928 All rights reserved.
Is It Possible to Predict Pulmonary Complications and Mortality in Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation Recipients from Pre-Transplantation Exhaled Nitric Oxide Levels?

OBJECTIVE
Chemo/radiotherapy-induced free oxygen radicals and reactive oxygen derivatives contribute to the development of early and late transplantation-related pulmonary and extra-pulmonary complications in hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) recipients. It has been proposed that an increase in fractional exhaled nitric oxide (FeNO) level indicates oxidative stress and inflammation in the airways. The aim of this prospective study is to evaluate the pre-transplantation FeNO levels in HSCT patients and to search for its role in predicting post-transplantation pulmonary complications and mortality.


MATERIALS AND METHODS
HSCT patients were included in the study prospectively between October 2009 and July 2011. Pre-transplantation FeNO levels were measured with a NIOX MINO® device prior to conditioning regimens. All patients were monitored prospectively for post-transplantation pulmonary complications with medical history, physical examination, chest X-ray, and pulmonary function tests.


RESULTS
A total of 56 patients (33 autologous, 23 allogeneic) with mean age of 45±13 years were included in the study, among whom 40 (71%) were male. Pre-transplantation FeNO level of the whole study group was found to be 24±13 (mean ± standard deviation) parts per billion (ppb). The FeNO level in allogeneic HSCT recipients was 19±6 ppb while it was 27±15 ppb in autologous HSCT recipients (p=0.042). No significant correlation was found between the pre-transplantation chemotherapy and radiotherapy protocols and baseline FeNO levels (p>0.05). Post-transplantation pulmonary toxicity was identified in 12 (21%) patients and no significant relationship was found between baseline FeNO levels and pulmonary toxicity. The survival rate of the whole study group for 1 year after transplantation was 70%. No significant relationship was identified between baseline FeNO values and survival (FeNO 19±7 ppb in patients who died and 26±15 ppb in the survivors; p=0.114).


CONCLUSION
Pre-transplantation FeNO measurement does not seem to have a role in predicting post-transplantation pulmonary complications and mortality.
Patient-Reported Outcomes in Performance Measurement

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Web Based Air Pollution Monitoring System ( Air Pollution Monitoring Using Smart Phone )

This system will have ARM7 LPC2138, which is heart of the system. Sensors like temperature, smoke, CO, NO are interfaced with microcontroller for the environmental monitoring air pollution. All the parameters of the sensors are displayed on the LCD. All the values are sent to the nearby mobile using Bluetooth. At the mobile android web page is designed to show the All parameters worldwide .these values are display on the mobile window as well as worldwide mobile so that PC Data will be viewed by the any engineer from any end of the world by this system. this system will have one more facility as all the values are sent by microcontroller to the Mobile. Mobile application will note down the coordinates of the area with sensor values stored in the form of database and Person will be able to view the sensor vise air pollution area wise due to the GPS facility. One more system feature is that it will show the all the values of the sensor on the monitor window as well as these values are compared with threshold value of the air pollution If any of the value goes above the threshold then the system will send the message to the administrative part or the engineer.
THE MEDICAL PRACTITIONER AS AN ASSET TO PREVENTIVE MEDICINE.

" MEDICINE," wrote Plato more than two thousand years uigo, "is the science of health." Today it is popularly regarded as the science of disease; otherwise we should be in the iab,it of paying for medical attendance only while we were actually maintained in good health, and yet, as matters now are, we are taught to live when our life is wellnigh spent.
Optimized design of A Parking Management System Using FPGA

The work presented in this paper gives more insight and deeper understanding of constituting modules of parking system. This paper investigates the optimized parking system through FPGA employing “logic for gathers” including multiple registers as their logic block. And we show that this algorithm is superior to an existing packing algorithm.
"red" the Shawshank Redemption Institutional Syndrome

Institutionalization can also mean voluntary or involuntary commitment, the process of committing someone to a facility. In clinical and abnormal psychology, institutionalization or institutional syndrome refers to deficits or disabilities in social and life skills, which develop after a person has spent a long period living in mental hospitals, prisons, or other remote institutions. In other words, individuals in institutions may be deprived (whether unintentionally or not) of independence and of responsibility, to the point that once they return to "outside life" they are often unable to manage many of its demands; [1][2] it has also been argued that institutionalized individuals become psychologically more prone to mental health problems. [3] The term institutionalization can both be used to the process of committing an individual to a mental hospital or prison or to institutional syndrome; thus the phrase "X is institutionalized" may mean either that X has been placed in an institution, or that X is suffering the psychological effects of having been in an institution for an extended period of time.
Bayesian Image Super-resolution, Continued

This paper develops a multi-frame image super-resolution approach from a Bayesian view-point by marginalizing over the unknown registration parameters relating the set of input low-resolution views. In Tipping and Bishop’s Bayesian image super-resolution approach [16], the marginalization was over the superresolution image, necessitating the use of an unfavorable image prior. By integrating over the registration parameters rather than the high-resolution image, our method allows for more realistic prior distributions, and also reduces the dimension of the integral considerably, removing the main computational bottleneck of the other algorithm. In addition to the motion model used by Tipping and Bishop, illumination components are introduced into the generative model, allowing us to handle changes in lighting as well as motion. We show results on real and synthetic datasets to illustrate the efficacy of this approach.
Composed products and module polynomials over finite fields

Abstract A general notion of composition of polynomials over a finite field was introduced by Brawley and Carlitz (1987). In their paper they developed a unique decomposition theory in two special cases of the composed product, but they left open the question of uniqueness in the general case. This paper settles this open question by proving that irreducibles do indeed decompose uniquely with respect to the general notion and, in doing so, unifies the two separate treatments of Brawley and Carlitz into a single, more general theory. The paper also offers a generalization which unifies into a single theory the notions of ‘belonging to an exponent’ and ‘belonging to a q -polynomial’, which are basic in the theory of finite fields.
Tibiocalcaneal arthrodesis using the Ilizarov technique in the presence of bone loss and infection of the talus.

BACKGROUND
Infected nonunions and extrusions of the talus can often lead to below-knee amputation. Limb-salvage procedures have goals of eradicating infection and creating a painless, stable limb. Often, a tibiocalcaneal fusion is the best option; however, in the presence of infection and bone loss, it can be difficult to achieve a successful outcome using internal fixation. We review the results of circular ring external fixation to obtain a tibiocalcaneal arthrodesis despite these obstacles.


METHODS
A retrospective review of 11 patients who underwent tibiocalcaneal arthrodesis using an Ilizarov external fixator for infected talar nonunions or extrusions was performed. Each patient had a debridement of all nonviable talus. The bony surfaces were prepared for the fusion followed by application of a circular ring fixator. Clinical outcomes were measured using the AOFAS ankle-hindfoot scale. There was a mean followup of 35 months.


RESULTS
Nine of the 11 patients had successful fusions. One fused successfully after a revision and the other developed a stable pseudoarthrosis. Eight patients underwent concomitant lengthening with the Ilizarov fixator. Mean AOFAS score at final followup was 65. This was out of a maximum of 86 since the tibiotalar and subtalar joint motion were removed. There were no recurrent deep infections or amputations.


CONCLUSIONS
Tibiocalcaneal arthrodesis using the Ilizarov technique is a viable alternative to amputation in patients with infected nonunions or large bone loss of the talus.
On the Triassic of Massachusetts

Introduction Difficulties in the Way of Correlation .—The sudden and irregular transitions from the coarsest to the finest sediments, the derivation of many of the coarse beds from rocks not known in place among the crystallines of the surrounding region, and the prevailing easterly dips have made the correlation and explanation of the Triassic deposits of Massachusetts somewhat uncertain. They have been explained as in whole or in part of glacial origin; and, by assuming the prevalent easterly dips to represent the true status, a vertical column has been constructed having the following members, beginning with the lowest: (1) Coarse sandstones below the trap; (2) Trap; (3) Sandstones above the trap; (4) The coarse conglomerates of Mount Toby. Thus very improbable thicknesses have been assigned to the series. The Problem attacked in a new Way .—As my knowledge of the crystalline rocks of the adjoining country became so intimate that . . .
Evidence for the sparing of reactive cognitive control with age.

The dual mechanisms of control account posited two qualitatively different cognitive control mechanisms (Braver, Gray, & Burgess, 2007). Proactive control is a sustained and capacity-demanding mechanism that is used to prevent interference, whereas reactive control acts transiently, poststimulus onset, to resolve interference. Prior research has demonstrated age-related deficits in proactive control, including in conflict tasks. However, few studies have examined the putative sparing of reactive control with age, and the purpose of this study was to fill that gap. In Experiment 1, older adults, like young adults, showed less interference for mostly incongruent items than mostly congruent items in a picture-word Stroop task, and this pattern extended to novel, 50% congruent transfer items. In Experiment 2, flanker stimuli in one screen location (or color) were mostly congruent whereas flanker stimuli in a second location (or color) were mostly incongruent. Young and older adults demonstrated context-specific proportion congruence effects, showing less interference in the mostly incongruent as compared to mostly congruent context for the location cue but not the color cue. These findings provide converging evidence for the intact and flexible use of reactive control with age, and challenge the view that aging is associated with a general deficit in cognitive control.
Effect of psychiatry liaison with general practitioners on depression severity in recently hospitalised cardiac patients: a randomised controlled trial.

OBJECTIVE
To evaluate the effect on depressive symptoms in cardiac patients of patient-specific advice to general practitioners regarding management of comorbid depression.


DESIGN AND SETTING
A randomised controlled trial in four general hospitals in Adelaide, South Australia.


PARTICIPANTS
Patients (n = 669) admitted to cardiology units for a range of cardiovascular conditions who were screened and assessed as being depressed according to the Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale (CES-D).


INTERVENTION
Inpatient psychiatric review, followed by telephone case conferencing between specialist hospital staff and GPs to provide patient-specific information about the patient's depression and its management, educational material, and ongoing clinical support.


MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES
Level of depression severity at 12 months post-hospitalisation.


RESULTS
On the basis of intention to treat, intervention patients had lower rates of moderate to severe depression (CES-D > or = 27) after 12 months (25% v 35%, relative risk, 0.72; 95% CI, 0.54-0.96, number needed to treat for benefit, 11). The intervention was most effective in preventing progression from mild depression to moderate to severe depression. The multidisciplinary telephone case conferencing was difficult to implement and, in a post hoc analysis, brief phone advice from a psychiatrist was found to be effective.


CONCLUSIONS
Screening hospitalised cardiac patients for depression and providing targeted advice to their GPs reduces depression severity 12 months after hospitalisation.