LLukas22/scidocs huggingface dataset:
Street With No Name: A History of the Classic American Film Noir

A Choice Outstanding Academic Title Flourishing in the United States during the 1940s and 50s, the bleak, violent genre of filmmaking known as film noir reflected the attitudes of writers and auteur directors influenced by the events of the turbulent mid-twentieth century. Films such as Force of Evil , Night and the City , Double Indemnity , Laura , The Big Heat , The Killers , Kiss Me Deadly and, more recently, Chinatown and The Grifters are indelibly American. Yet the sources of this genre were found in Germany and France and imported to Hollywood by emigre filmmakers, who developed them and allowed a vibrant genre to flourish. Andrew Dickos's Street with No Name traces the film noir genre back to its roots in German Expressionist cinema and the French cinema of the interwar years. Dickos describes the development of the film noir in America from 1941 through the 1970s and examines how this development expresses a modern cinema. Dickos examines notable directors such as Orson Welles, Fritz Lang, John Huston, Nicholas Ray, Robert Aldrich, Samuel Fuller, Otto Preminger, Robert Siodmak, Abraham Polonsky, Jules Dassin, Anthony Mann and others. He also charts the genre's influence on such celebrated postwar French filmmakers as Jean-Pierre Melville, Francois Truffaut, and Jean-Luc Godard. Addressing the aesthetic, cultural, political, and social concerns depicted in the genre, Street with No Name demonstrates how the film noir generates a highly expressive, raw, and violent mood as it exposes the ambiguities of modern postwar society.
An Analysis of the Performance of the UFAM Pulsed Doppler Lidar for Observing the Boundary Layer

The performance of the 1.5-mm pulsed Doppler lidar, operated by the U.K. Universities Facility for Atmospheric Measurement (UFAM) over a 51-day continuous and unattended field deployment in southern England, is described and analyzed with a view to demonstrating the capabilities of the system for remote measurements of aerosols and velocities in the boundary layer. A statistical assessment of the vertical pointing mode in terms of the availability and errors in the data versus range is presented. Examples of lidar data are compared to theoretical predictions, radiosondes, the UFAM radar wind profiler, and an ultrasonic anemometer.
Incidence and factors influencing left atrial clot in patients with mitral stenosis and normal sinus rhythm.

M itral stenosis (MS) is a common finding in rheumatic heart disease and can lead to enlargement of the left atrium and stasis of blood in this heart chamber. This can lead to an increased risk of clot formation in the left atrium and the left atrial appendage. In numerous studies to date, various precipitating factors for the formation of a clot inside the left atrium have been identified, including atrial fibrillation (AF) rhythm, left atrial size, duration of symptoms, advanced age, and severity of MS. Furthermore, mitral regurgitation (MR) in conjunction with MS has been mentioned as a factor which reduces the risk of left atrial clot formation. This study was performed to determine the incidence of left atrial clot in a group of patients who remained in normal sinus rhythm (NSR) and to establish the factors which play a determining role in this process.
An integrated chemo-and sequence-stratigraphic framework of the Early Pennsylvanian deepwater outcrops near Kirby, Arkansas, USA, and its implications on remnant basin tectonics

Abstract The Jackfork Group in Arkansas, U.S.A. is a major ‘training ground’ for academics, students, and petroleum industry geoscientists interested in deep water exploration and development. Several superb outcrop sections are exposed and over the years numerous papers have been published on these rocks. The Kirby sections in western Arkansas provide a unique opportunity to build a complete and continuous sequence stratigraphic framework for Early Pennsylvanian time in the ancient Ouachita Basin. There are 25 outcrops, including 12 roadcuts on Highway 27, and 13 measured sections in the Baumgartner Quarry. All the measurements and interpretations on the outcrops were integrated with previous work using modern concepts of deepwater turbidite geology, including (1) regional tectonic and sequence stratigraphic framework of the Stanley Group, Jackfork Group, and Johns Valley Shale in the Ouachita Basin, (2) deepwater outcrop characterization and correlation from the DeGray Lake Section, Dierks Section and Big Rock Quarry which are on the trend of the depositional fairway, (3) chemostrata data from key shale layers which are considered as potential correlative condensed sections. Twenty-five key shale samples from Kirby, DeGray and Dierks sections have been tested using Inductively Coupled Plasma and Mass Spectrometry (ICP-MS) tests. An additional 525 samples were later collected for Handheld X-Ray Fluorescence (XRF) tests for both major and trace elements. Results of sequence and chemostrata analysis indicate that the entire Kirby sections consist of at least three 3rd order sequences from the bottom of the Jackfork Group to the middle of the Johns Valley Group, and over ten 4th order sequences caused by a combined effect of tectonic uplift, eustatic sea-level change, mixed sediment provenance and shifting of depositional fairways when the Ouachita Basin was transitioning from a passive margin to a remnant marine basin. Rare Earth and Trace Element results are compared with known tectonic data to further pinpoint the tectonic environment of the Ouachita Basin during early Pennsylvanian time, which is dominantly a continental arc setting.
Simple tools for understanding risks: from innumeracy to insight.

Bad presentation of medical statistics such as the risks associated with a particular intervention can lead to patients making poor decisions on treatment. Particularly confusing are single event probabilities, conditional probabilities (such as sensitivity and specificity), and relative risks. How can doctors improve the presentation of statistical information so that patients can make well informed decisions?
Fraud detection using self-organizing map visualizing the user profiles

We propose a fraud detection method based on the user accounts visualization and threshold-type detection. The visualization technique employed in our approach is the Self-Organizing Map (SOM). Since the SOM technique in its original form visualizes only the vectors, and the user accounts are represented in our work as the matrices storing a collection of records reflecting the user sequential activities, we propose a method of the matrices visualization on the SOM grid, which constitutes the main contribution of this paper. Furthermore, we propose a method of the detection threshold setting on the basis of the SOM U-matrix. The results of the conducted experimental study on real data in three different research fields confirm the advantages and effectiveness of the proposed approach. 2014 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
Privacy Aware Access Control for Big Data: A Research Roadmap

Big Data is an emerging phenomenon that is rapidly changing business models and work styles [1]. Big Data platforms allow the storage and analysis of high volumes of data with heterogeneous format from different sources. This integrated analysis allows the derivation of properties and correlations among data that can then be used for a variety of purposes, such as making predictions that can profitably affect decision processes. As a matter of fact, nowadays Big Data analytics are generally considered an asset for making business decisions. Big Data platforms have been specifically designed to support advanced form of analytics satisfying strict performance and scalability requirements. However, no proper consideration has been devoted so far to data protection. Indeed, although the analyzed data often include personal and sensitive information, with relevant threats to privacy implied by the analysis, so far Big Data platforms integrate quite basic form of access control, and no support for privacy policies. Although the potential benefits of data analysis are manifold, the lack of proper data protection mechanisms may prevent the adoption of Big Data analytics by several companies. This motivates the fundamental need to integrate privacy and security awareness into Big Data platforms. In this paper, we do a first step to achieve this ambitious goal, discussing research issues related to the definition of a framework that supports the integration of privacy aware access control features into existing Big Data platforms.
Depression Following Traumatic Brain Injury: The Validity of the CES-D as a Brief Screening Device

The validity, reliability, and factor structure of the Center for Epidemiological Studies-Depression Scale (CES-D) was examined with 253 patients seen for neuropsychological evaluation following traumatic brain injury (TBI). All patients completed the CES-D; 31 also completed the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) and 17 completed the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory-II (MMPI-II). The CES-D demonstrated good concurrent, construct validity, significantly correlating with the BDI (r = .673, p < .0001) and the MMPI-II (Depression Scale T score r = .536, p = .027). The CES-D also demonstrated good internal consistency (coefficient alpha = .8195) and split-half reliability (Spearman–Brown r = .8284). Principal components factor analysis with varimax rotation resulted in a four-factor solution that accounted for 56.01% of the variance. The factor structure differed from the originally reported factor structure, and indicated that somatic difficulties were strongly associated with dysphoric affect in TBI patients. The CES-D is a valid and reliable screening instrument for use with TBI patients.
Speaker diarization in meeting audio

This paper describes speaker diarization system on a NIST Rich Transcription 2007 (RT-07) Meeting Recognition evaluation data set for the task of Multiple Distant Microphone (MDM). Our implementation includes three components: initial clustering, non-speech removal and cluster purification. Initial clusters are generated using Directional of Arrival (DOA) information and bootstrap clustering. Multiple GMM modeling for speech/non-speech classification is employed for non-speech removal component. In addition, a novel system fusion strategy using information from Receiver Operating Curve (ROC) is proposed for non-speech removal component. Finally, consensus clustering approach together with iterative GMM clustering method is employed for speaker cluster purification. The system achieves the overall DER of 10.81%.
Variability in quality of chest compressions provided during simulated cardiac arrest across nine pediatric institutions.

AIM
The variability in quality of CPR provided during cardiac arrest across pediatric institutions is unknown. We aimed to describe the degree of variability in the quality of CPR across 9 pediatric institutions, and determine if variability across sites would be affected by Just-in-Time CPR training and/or visual feedback during simulated cardiac arrest.


METHODS
We conducted secondary analyses of data collected from a prospective, multi-center trial. Participants were equally randomized to either: (1) No intervention; (2) Real-time CPR visual feedback during cardiac arrest or (3) Just-in-Time CPR training. We report the variability in median chest compression depth and rate across institutions, and the variability in the proportion of 30-s epochs of CPR meeting 2010 American Heart Association guidelines for depth and rate.


RESULTS
We analyzed data from 528 epochs in the no intervention group, 552 epochs in the visual feedback group, and 525 epochs in the JIT training group. In the no intervention group, compression depth (median range 22.2-39.2mm) and rate (median range 116.0-147.6 min(-1)) demonstrated significant variability between study sites (p<0.001). The proportion of compressions with adequate depth (0-11.5%) and rate (0-60.5%) also varied significantly across sites (p<0.001). The variability in compression depth and rate persisted despite use of real-time visual feedback or JIT training (p<0.001).


CONCLUSION
The quality of CPR across multiple pediatric institutions is variable. Variability in CPR quality across institutions persists even with the implementation of a Just-in-Time training session and visual feedback for CPR quality during simulated cardiac arrest.
Preliminary outcome of treatment of postoperative primarily closed sternotomy wounds treated using negative pressure wound therapy.

UNLABELLED
Hospital infections, and in particular infections of the surgical site are a common problem of the procedural departments. Due to continuous progress of surgical techniques and patient population getting older with multiple co-morbidities, multidirectional actions need to be taken to avoid these infections or, if they do occur, achieve optimal treatment outcomes. Vacuum wound therapy is one of the directions that has been developed over the recent years. The aim of the study evaluate wound healing in patients after an off-pump coronary artery bypass grafting procedure, using the internal mammary artery, treated with negative pressure wound therapy system.


MATERIAL AND METHODS
This prospective, open label study evaluated healing of postoperative sternotomy wounds after their primary closure with negative pressure wound therapy, using continuous negative pressure of -80 mmHg in 40 patients and 40 patients in a control group in whom conventional dressings were applied in the postoperative period.


RESULTS
The number of patients in whom primary wound healing occurred without complications was significantly higher in the negative pressure wound therapy group versus the control group (x2 test =4.50, p=0.0339) and the number of total superficial infections was significantly smaller versus the control group (x2 test =5; p=0.0254). Antibiotic therapy was also initiated significantly less often as compared to the group treated with conventional dressings (x2 test = 4.11; p=0.0425).


CONCLUSIONS
Negative pressure wound therapy after primary wound closure reduces the risk of superficial infections in the population with multiple risk factors of complications in the sternotomy wound healing.
Fibrillar collagen scoring by second harmonic microscopy: a new tool in the assessment of liver fibrosis.

BACKGROUND & AIMS
Imaging of supramolecular structures by multiphoton microscopy offers significant advantages for studying specific fibrillar compounds in biological tissues. In this study, we aimed to demonstrate the relevance of Second Harmonic Generation (SHG) for assessing and quantifying, without staining, fibrillar collagen in liver fibrosis.


METHODS
We first showed the relationship between SHG signal and collagen forms over-produced and accumulated during fibrosis progression. Taking this property into consideration, we developed an innovative method to precisely quantify the fibrosis area in histological slices by scoring of fibrillar collagen deposits (Fibrosis-SHG index).


RESULTS
The scoring method was routinely applied to 119 biopsies from patients with chronic liver disease allowing a fast and accurate measurement of fibrosis correlated with the Fibrosis-Metavir score (rho=0.75, p<0.0001). The technique allowed discriminating patients with advanced (moderate to severe) fibrosis (AUROC=0.88, p<0.0001) and cirrhosis (AUROC=0.89, p<0.0001). Taking advantage of its continuous gradation, the Fibrosis-SHG index also allowed the discrimination of several levels of fibrosis within the same F-Metavir stage. The SHG process presented several advantages such as a high reliability and sensitivity that lead to a standardized evaluation of hepatic fibrosis in liver biopsies without staining and pathological examination.


CONCLUSIONS
Second harmonic microscopy emerges as an original and powerful tool in the assessment of liver fibrosis and offers new possibilities for the evaluation of experimental protocols. We expect that this technology could easily be applicable in the study of other fibro-proliferative pathologies.
МЕЖГРУППОВОЕ ДОВЕРИЕ В РОССИЙСКОМ ОБЩЕСТВЕ: СПОСОБЫ РЕИНСТИТУЦИОНАЛИЗАЦИИ

Intergroup trust acts as a link between interpersonal and institutional trust that binds circles of trust crossing in the space of personal and impersonal interactions. This article focuses on the sociological study of the reinstitutionalization of inter-group trust in modern Russia.
Drought forecasting using stochastic models

Drought is a global phenomenon that occurs virtually in all landscapes causing significant damage both in natural environment and in human lives. Due to the random nature of contributing factors, occurrence and severity of droughts can be treated as stochastic in nature. Early indication of possible drought can help to set out drought mitigation strategies and measures in advance. Therefore drought forecasting plays an important role in the planning and management of water resource systems. In this study, linear stochastic models known as ARIMA and multiplicative Seasonal Autoregressive Integrated Moving Average (SARIMA) models were used to forecast droughts based on the procedure of model development. The models were applied to forecast droughts using standardized precipitation index (SPI) series in the Kansabati river basin in India, which lies in the Purulia district of West Bengal state in eastern India. The predicted results using the best models were compared with the observed data. The predicted results show reasonably good agreement with the actual data, 1–2 months ahead. The predicted value decreases with increase in lead-time. So the models can be used to forecast droughts up to 2 months of lead-time with reasonably accuracy.
In-hand manipulation in young children: rotation of an object in the fingers.

OBJECTIVE
The purpose of this study was to look at the development of two in-hand skills of rotation. Three questions were asked: (a) Do boys' and girls' performance differ significantly? (b) Does performance improve with age? and (c) Can periods of rapid improvement with age be seen on the tasks presented?


METHOD
The in-hand manipulation skill of rotation was measured in 154 right-handed children between the ages of 3-0 years and 6-11 years as well as in 13 adults. The participants were videotaped as they either turned over small pegs in a pegboard or rotated a peg in their fingertips. The number of pegs dropped when turning and placing them back in the board, the number of times a peg could be rotated in the fingertips, the time it took to complete each task, and the methods participate used to accomplish the two tasks were recorded from the videotapes.


RESULTS
The results indicated no differences between the performance of boys and girls on any of the variables studied, but performance did change with age, and periods of rapid change were identified. Further, when compared on methods used, the children did not achieve the same speed or consistency as the adult participants.


CONCLUSION
The development of in-hand manipulation skills of rotation involves improvement in the dimension of speed, method, and consistency. Observation of these skills in a child can add to a therapist's understanding of the child's fine motor abilities. The variability in children's performance needs to be considered in both evaluation and treatment planning.
Clinical practice. Precocious puberty.

From the Department of Pediatric Endocrinology and Diabetology, INSERM Unité 690, and Centre de Référence des Maladies Endocriniennes de la Croissance, Robert Debré Hospital and University of Paris 7 — Denis Diderot, Paris (J.-C.C., J.L.). Address reprint requests to Dr. Carel at Endocrinologie Diabétologie Pédiatrique and INSERM U690, Hôpital Robert Debré, 48, Blvd. Sérurier, 75935 Paris CEDEX 19, France, or at jean-claude. carel@inserm.fr.
Continuous glucose monitoring in children with glycogen storage disease type I

Background/Objectives:Glycogen storage disease type I (GSD I) is an autosomal recessive metabolic disorder caused by defects in the glucose-6-phosphatase complex. Deficient activity in the glucose-6-phosphatase-α catalytic unit characterizes GSD Ia and defects in the glucose-6-phosphate transporter protein characterize GSD Ib. Type Ia involves the liver, kidney and intestine (and Ib also leukocytes), and the clinical manifestations are hepatomegaly, failure to thrive, severe fasting hypoglycemia within 3-4 h after a meal, hyperlactatemia, hyperuricemia and hyperlipidemia. The aim of the present study was to examine the safety and efficacy of a continuous subcutaneous glucose monitoring system to determine the magnitude and significance of hypoglycemia in GSD I and to evaluate the efficacy of the revised dietary treatment.Subjects/Methods:Sixteen children with GSD I were studied over a 72-h period. Continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) was repeated in all patients 3–6 months after the first monitoring to examine the effects of revised dietary instructions on glycemic control.Results:All the patients completed the study without any major adverse events. Significant periods of asymptomatic hypoglycemia (below 4 mmol/l, 70 mg/dl) were noted. There was a close correlation between CGM sensor and capillary blood glucose values measured by a glucometer. CGM indicated a considerable reduction in duration of hypoglycemia, liver size and improvements in secondary metabolic derangements such as hyperlacticacidemia and hyperlipidemia.Conclusions:CGM could be applied in the clinical setting to help the physician to identify hypoglycemic events, and repeated CGM may serve as a safe and useful tool for the assessment of the long-term management of patients with GSD I.
Glutathione S-transferase polymorphisms and bone tumor risk in China.

AIM
We aimed to study the potential role of GSTM1 and GSTT1 in the risk of osteosarcoma in Chinese population.


METHODS
We collected 110 osteosarcomas by pathologic examination and 226 controls from the First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University during December 2008 to December 2010. Genotyping was based upon duplex polymerase-chain-reaction with the PCR-CTPP method.


RESULTS
Individuals carrying null GSTM1 and GSTT1 had 1.50 and 2.07 fold risks of osteosarcoma when compared with non-null genotypes, respectively. The increased risk associated with the GSTT1 polymorphism seemed more evident among males (Null GSTT1 genotype vs. non-null genotype, adjusted OR= 2.43, 95% CI: 1.29-3.30) than females (adjusted OR =1.66, 95% CI: 1.02-2.78). The increased risk was also more evident among individuals aged 15 years or less (adjusted OR for null GSTT1 genotype vs. non-null genotype = 2.24, 95% CI: 1.20-3.24) than those aged more than 15 years (adjusted OR = 1.82, 95% CI: 1.07-2.95).


CONCLUSION
Our study of the association between polymorphisms in GSTM1 and GSTTI and the risk of osteosarcoma in a Chinese population provided evidence that null GSTTI might be a useful marker of susceptibility to osteosarcoma development, especially for male sand young age individuals.
On Communicating Finite-State Machines

A model of commumcations protocols based on finite-state machines is investigated. The problem addressed is how to ensure certain generally desirable properties, which make protocols "wellformed," that is, specify a response to those and only those events that can actually occur. It is determined to what extent the problem is solvable, and one approach to solving it ts described. Categories and SubJect Descriptors' C 2 2 [Computer-Conununication Networks]: Network Protocols-protocol verification; F 1 1 [Computation by Abstract Devices] Models of Computation--automata; G.2.2 [Discrete Mathematics] Graph Theory--graph algoruhms; trees General Terms: Reliability, Verification Additional