LLukas22/scidocs huggingface dataset:
Participants' experiences of intensifying insulin therapy during the Treating to Target in Type 2 Diabetes (4-T) trial: qualitative interview study.

AIM
To explore participants' experiences of intensifying insulin therapy during the Treating to Target in Type 2 Diabetes (4-T) trial.


METHODS
In-depth interviews were conducted with 41 trial participants who had had their insulin therapy intensified during this trial. Data were analysed using an inductive, thematic approach.


RESULTS
The vast majority of participants were receptive towards intensifying treatment. Whilst some were happy simply to follow health professionals' recommendations, others saw taking two types of insulin as a more effective way of controlling their diabetes. Post-intensification, participants sought to remember to take their additional injections by developing injection-related strategies and daily routines. The need to inject insulin whilst in public often arose more frequently following intensification and was a consistent source of anxiety. Those who were worried about injecting in public sought to avoid having to do so; for example, by injecting in toilets or by advancing or delaying the timing of their injections.


CONCLUSIONS
IT was not increasing the number of daily injections per se which was problematic for the participants who had agreed to have their insulin therapies intensified, but the increased likelihood of having to inject insulin in public. Addressing concerns about injecting in public places may help promote adherence to intensified insulin regimens.
Credit Card Fraud Detection with Unsupervised Algorithms

According to international credit card organisms such as VISA, there are more and more credit card frauds, both in quantity and in amount. To cure the problem, an anti-fraud project is developed using a combination of two unsupervised algorithms: Principal Component Analysis and SIMPLEKMEANS algorithm. To augment model accuracy, geographic positions of the transaction and of the client are added to traditional studied data, as everybody is fully connected with smartphones nowadays and as such tendency is growing up for a near future. Good results are obtained for proposed model on created test data base by achieving the foreseeing results and getting the classification of possible frauds. 
Effects of home visits by paraprofessionals and by nurses on children: follow-up of a randomized trial at ages 6 and 9 years.

IMPORTANCE
The Nurse-Family Partnership delivered by nurses has been found to produce long-term effects on maternal and child health in replicated randomized trials. A persistent question is whether paraprofessional home visitors might produce comparable effects.


OBJECTIVE
To examine the impact of prenatal and infancy/toddler home visits by paraprofessionals and by nurses on child development at child ages 6 and 9 years.


DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS
Randomized trial in public and private care settings in Denver, Colorado, of 735 low-income women and their first-born children (85% of the mothers were unmarried; 47% were Hispanic, 35% were non-Hispanic white, 15% were African American, and 3% were American Indian/Asian).


INTERVENTIONS
Home visits provided from pregnancy through child age 2 years delivered in one group by paraprofessionals and in the other by nurses.


MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES
Reports of children's internalizing, externalizing, and total emotional/behavioral problems, and tests of children's language, intelligence, attention, attention dysfunction, visual attention/task switching, working memory, and academic achievement. We hypothesized that program effects on cognitive-related outcomes would be more pronounced among children born to mothers with low psychological resources. We report paraprofessional-control and nurse-control differences with P < .10 given similar effects in a previous trial, earlier effects in this trial, and limited statistical power.


RESULTS
There were no significant paraprofessional effects on emotional/behavioral problems, but paraprofessional-visited children born to mothers with low psychological resources compared with control group counterparts exhibited fewer errors in visual attention/task switching at age 9 years (effect size = -0.30, P = .08). There were no statistically significant paraprofessional effects on other primary outcomes. Nurse-visited children were less likely to be classified as having total emotional/behavioral problems at age 6 years (relative risk [RR] = 0.45, P = .08), internalizing problems at age 9 years (RR = 0.44, P = .08), and dysfunctional attention at age 9 years (RR = 0.34, P = .07). Nurse-visited children born to low-resource mothers compared with control-group counterparts had better receptive language averaged over ages 2, 4, and 6 years (effect size = 0.30, P = .01) and sustained attention averaged over ages 4, 6, and 9 years (effect size = 0.36, P = .006). There were no significant nurse effects on externalizing problems, intellectual functioning, and academic achievement.


CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE
Children born to low-resource mothers visited by paraprofessionals exhibited improvement in visual attention/task switching. Nurse-visited children showed improved behavioral functioning, and those born to low-resource mothers benefited in language and attention but did not improve in intellectual functioning and academic achievement.


TRIAL REGISTRATION
clinicaltrials.gov Identifier: NCT00438282 and NCT00438594.
[Usefulness of the Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Assessment Test in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease with severe airflow limitation].

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE
To evaluate the relationship between Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Assessment Test (CAT questionnaire) and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) severity assessed by the multidimensional BODE index in patients with severe airflow obstruction (forced expiratory volume in one second [FEV1] post-bronchodilator<50%) in a stable state.


MATERIAL AND METHOD
Prospective observational study (2012). We classified the severity of COPD according to the BODE index in 3 subgroups: mild to moderate COPD (BODE<5 points), severe COPD (BODE 5-6 points) and very severe COPD (BODE ≥ 7 points).


RESULTS
We included 97 patients with a mean age of 67 (8) years, 96% were men. The mean FEV1 was 34.3% (9.8%) and mean BODE index was 4.8 (1.4). The mean CAT score was 20 (7.7). We found no significant differences in CAT score (total or by items) between the 3 groups of BODE assessed.


CONCLUSIONS
In patients with COPD and severe airflow obstruction, the CAT score reflects a moderate to severe impact of illness and does not allow to predict COPD severity assessed by the BODE index.
LogMaster: Mining Event Correlations in Logs of Large-Scale Cluster Systems

This paper presents a set of innovative algorithms and a system, named Log Master, for mining correlations of events that have multiple attributions, i.e., node ID, application ID, event type, and event severity, in logs of large-scale cloud and HPC systems. Different from traditional transactional data, e.g., supermarket purchases, system logs have their unique characteristics, and hence we propose several innovative approaches to mining their correlations. We parse logs into an n-ary sequence where each event is identified by an informative nine-tuple. We propose a set of enhanced apriori-like algorithms for improving sequence mining efficiency, we propose an innovative abstraction-event correlation graphs (ECGs) to represent event correlations, and present an ECGs-based algorithm for fast predicting events. The experimental results on three logs of production cloud and HPC systems, varying from 433490 entries to 4747963 entries, show that our method can predict failures with a high precision and an acceptable recall rates.
Personal, social and environmental correlates of physical activity in adults from Curitiba, Brazil.

BACKGROUND
Leisure-time physical activity is a complex behavior influenced by factors at multiple levels.


OBJECTIVE
To examine the associations between intrapersonal, interpersonal, environmental factors and leisure-time walking (LTW) and leisure-time physical activities (LTPA), excluding walking. We also examined the moderating effect of sociodemographic characteristics on these associations.


METHODS
A cross-sectional study was conducted with 1461 adults from Curitiba, Brazil (63.7% women). LTW and LTPA were assessed through the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ), and a cutoff point of ≥ 150 min/week was used. Associations were examined through multilevel logistic regressions.


RESULTS
LTW was positively associated with self-efficacy, enjoyment, social support from family and friends, presence of public places for leisure and neighborhood esthetics. LTPA was associated with self-efficacy, enjoyment, social support from family and friends, safety from crime and neighborhood esthetics. Safety from crime was a predictor of LTPA among older adults only.


CONCLUSIONS
Factors at multiple levels were associated with LTW and LTPA. Interventions to promote LTPA would likely benefit from considering personal, social and environmental factors and different levels of influence.
Integration of Bilinear H&#8734; Control and Adaptive Inverse Control for Semi-Active Vibration Isolation of Structures

This paper is concerned with efficient integration of bilinear H∞ control and adaptive inverse control to attain vibration isolation of structure installed with a semi-active MR damper in which its damping force is controllable by input voltage. The structure with MR damper is expressed by a bilinear dynamic equation. The role of the bilinear H∞ controller is to provide the desired damping force, while the role of the adaptive inverse controller is to compensate the nonlinearity of MR damper by generating the input voltage so that the actual damping force can track the desired damping force. A new model of MR damper is also given and then the input voltage can be analytically calculated to generate the specified damping force. Simulation and experimental results validated the effectiveness of the proposed model-based integrated control approach in vibration isolation of multistory structures.
Your Place or Mine? On the Residence Choice of Young Couples in Norway

Norwegian registry data are used to investigate the location decisions of a full population cohort of young adults as they complete their education, establish separate households, and form their own families. We find that the labor market opportunities and family ties of both partners affect these location choices. Surprisingly, married men live significantly closer to their own parents than do married women, even if they have children, and this difference cannot be explained by differences in observed characteristics. The principal source of excess female distance from parents in this population is the relatively low mobility of men without a college degree, particularly in rural areas. Despite evidence that intergenerational resource flows, such as childcare and eldercare, are particularly important between women and their parents, the family connections of husbands appear to dominate the location decisions of less-educated married couples.
A local mean-based nonparametric classifier

A considerable amount of effort has been devoted to design a classifier in practical situations. In this paper, a simple nonparametric classifier based on the local mean vectors is proposed. The proposed classifier is compared with the 1-NN, k-NN, Euclidean distance (ED), Parzen, and artificial neural network (ANN) classifiers in terms of the error rate on the unknown patterns, particularly in small training sample size situations. Experimental results show that the proposed classifier is promising even in practical situations. 2005 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
To be or not to be in social media: How brand loyalty is affected by social media?

There is an ongoing debate over the activities of brands and companies in social media. Some researchers believe social media provide a unique opportunity for brands to foster their relationships with customers, while others believe the contrary. Taking the perspective of the brand community building plus the brand trust and loyalty literatures, our goal is to show how brand communities based on social media influence elements of the customer centric model (i.e., the relationships among focal customer and brand, product, company, and other customers) and brand loyalty. A survey-based empirical study with 441 respondents was conducted. The results of structural equation modeling show that brand communities established on social media have positive effects on customer/product, customer/brand, customer/company and customer/other customers relationships, which in turn have positive effects on brand trust, and trust has positive effects on brand loyalty. We find that brand trust has a fully mediating role in converting the effects of enhanced relationships in brand community to brand loyalty. The implications for marketing practice and future research are discussed. © 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
A Meta-analysis of the Effectiveness of Intervention Programs Designed to Support Autonomy

The twofold purpose of the present study was, first, to determine whether training intervention programs designed to help people support the autonomy of others are effective and, second, to identify the set of conditions that allowed these interventions to be most effective. A meta-analysis of the findings from 19 studies with 20 effect sizes showed that the training programs were, overall, effective with a weighted effect size of 0.63. Moderator analyses of the overall effect size showed that the relatively more effective intervention programs were structured in ways that trained multiple elements of autonomy support and were presented in relatively brief (1–3 h) sessions in a laboratory training setting that focused on skill-based activities and utilized multiple types of media to deliver its content. Furthermore, relatively effective intervention programs were offered to teachers (rather than to other professionals), trainees (rather than to experienced professionals), and individuals with an autonomy (rather than a control) causality orientation. Though the small number of included studies warrants caution, results generally affirmed the effectiveness of autonomy-supportive training programs and identified the conditions under which future programs can be designed to be highly effective.
Demand for long acting and permanent methods of contraceptives and factors for non-use among married women of Goba Town, Bale Zone, South East Ethiopia

BACKGROUND
Contraceptive use including short acting, long acting and permanent methods positively influence the socio-economic development of a nation by allowing families to space and limit their family size to their economic capacity. Demand for LAPMs of contraception as detrmined by utilization and unmet need for LAPMs of contraception can provide realiable information for providers.


OBJECTIVE
To determine the utilization of long acting and permanent contraception and its associated factors among married women of Goba town, South East Ethiopia.


METHODS
A cross sectional community based study was conducted among 734 systematically selected married women of reproductive age in Goba town in September/ 2009. A structured and pretested, interview questionaire was used to collect data on socio-demographic, behavioral factors and data related to demand for LAPMs of contraception. Data were analyzed using EPI INFO and SPSS version 16.


RESULT
The demand for Long Acting and Permanent Methods (LAPMs) of contraception was 18.1%. Utilization of LAPMs of contraception in the town was 64 (8.7%) and the unmet need for LAPMs was 69 (9.4%). Information on LAPMs in the town was 636 (86.6%). Media (radio and television) was the major sources of information 641 (87.3%). The use of LAPMs was significatly associated with ever use AOR[17.43, 95% CI:9.19, 33.03], number of times discussions made on methods AOR[4.6, 95% CI: 1.72,12.17] and main decider of using methods AOR[ 2.2, 95% CI:1.03, 4.65]. It was not associated with socio-demographic variables.


CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION
The utilization of LAPMs in the town was less although higher than the Ethiopian demographic and health survey 2005 result. Moreover, there was a considerable unmet need. Increase the method mix of LAPMs by incorporating varaies of implnats in order to increase utilization. Proper counseling of client and partners discussion were some of the recommendation forwarded.
Evolutionary and ecological genomics of Arabidopsis.

Why are some plants self-pollinating? What determines the timing of flowering and germination? Why do resistant and susceptible alleles of pathogen-resistant genes coexist in populations? These are just a few questions traditionally asked in the domain of ecology and evolutionary biology, and
Reverse Engineering and Evaluation of Prediction Models for Progression to Type 2 Diabetes: An Application of Machine Learning Using Electronic Health Records.

BACKGROUND
Application of novel machine learning approaches to electronic health record (EHR) data could provide valuable insights into disease processes. We utilized this approach to build predictive models for progression to prediabetes and type 2 diabetes (T2D).


METHODS
Using a novel analytical platform (Reverse Engineering and Forward Simulation [REFS]), we built prediction model ensembles for progression to prediabetes or T2D from an aggregated EHR data sample. REFS relies on a Bayesian scoring algorithm to explore a wide model space, and outputs a distribution of risk estimates from an ensemble of prediction models. We retrospectively followed 24 331 adults for transitions to prediabetes or T2D, 2007-2012. Accuracy of prediction models was assessed using an area under the curve (AUC) statistic, and validated in an independent data set.


RESULTS
Our primary ensemble of models accurately predicted progression to T2D (AUC = 0.76), and was validated out of sample (AUC = 0.78). Models of progression to T2D consisted primarily of established risk factors (blood glucose, blood pressure, triglycerides, hypertension, lipid disorders, socioeconomic factors), whereas models of progression to prediabetes included novel factors (high-density lipoprotein, alanine aminotransferase, C-reactive protein, body temperature; AUC = 0.70).


CONCLUSIONS
We constructed accurate prediction models from EHR data using a hypothesis-free machine learning approach. Identification of established risk factors for T2D serves as proof of concept for this analytical approach, while novel factors selected by REFS represent emerging areas of T2D research. This methodology has potentially valuable downstream applications to personalized medicine and clinical research.
Ultrasonographic Evaluation of Fetal Humerus Length for Assessment of Gestational Age and Its Comparison with Other Conventional Parameters

Introduction: Ultrasonography is proved to be an ideal imaging method, as it is safe for the mother and fetus. It being a painless, non-invasive, non-ionizing, and relatively inexpensive technique used to evaluate fetal growth parameter many times during pregnancy. Purpose: To estimate the gestational age (GA) with humerus length (HL) and establish the accuracy of it as a reliable indicator for prediction of GA in comparison with other routine parameters. Materials and Methods: Prospective study was performed on 100 normal singleton pregnancies at second and third trimesters. The study was conducted on a gray scale real-time ultrasound scanner using linear and sector transducers to measure the fetal biometrics. After visualizing the heart, the transducer is moved to image the scapular spine located on the dorsal surface to the head of the humerus. A straight measurement was made from the one end of the diaphysis to the other. Results: Biparietal diameter (BPD), head circumference (HC), abdominal circumference (AC), and femur length (FL) were compared with standard charts and scatter graphs were plotted. Coeffi cient of correlation were calculated which were 0.9620, 0.8632, 0.8208, 0.9853 for BPD, HC, AC, and FL, respectively, proving them reliable indicators except for AC . HL measured in the present study was compared with standard nomogram. A statistically signifi cant curvilinear correlation was found between the HL and GA indicating it to be a reliable indicator of GA. Signifi cant coeffi cient of correlation (0.9704) was observed between HL and GA indicating it to be a reliable parameter. Conclusion: The HL was most accurate parameter next to FL in assessing GA. The study also indicates that combination of BPD, HC, AC, FL, HL is more accurate in predicting GA than any single parameter, particularly in the third trimester of pregnancy. HL would contribute to maximum accuracy next to FL amongst all the parameters.
The VMP1-Beclin 1 interaction regulates autophagy induction

The Vacuole Membrane Protein 1 -VMP1- is a pancreatitis-associated transmembrane protein whose expression triggers autophagy in several human diseases. In the current study, we unveil the mechanism through which this protein induces autophagosome formation in mammalian cells. We show that VMP1 autophagy-related function requires its 20-aminoacid C-terminus hydrophilic domain (VMP1-AtgD). This is achieved through its direct binding to the BH3 motif of Beclin 1 leading to the formation of a complex with the Class III phosphatidylinositol-3 kinase (PI3K) hVps34, a key positive regulator of autophagy, at the site where autophagosomes are generated. This interaction also concomitantly promotes the dissociation of Bcl-2, an autophagy inhibitor, from Beclin 1. Moreover, we show that the VMP1-Beclin 1-hVps34 complex favors the association of Atg16L1 and LC3 with the autophagosomal membranes. Collectively, these findings reveal that VMP1 expression recruits and activates the Class III PI3K complex at the site of autophagosome formation during mammalian autophagy.