LLukas22/scidocs huggingface dataset:
A fuzzy back propagation network for output time prediction in a wafer fab

Output time prediction is a critical task to a wafer fab. Three major techniques commonly applied to predict the output time of a wafer lot include multiple-factor linear regression, production simulation, and back propagation networks (BPNs). Among them, a back propagation network has been shown to be the most promising approach for practical applications, considering both prediction accuracy and efficiency. In this study, a fuzzy back propagation network (FBPN) is constructed to incorporate production-control expert judgments in enhancing the performance of an existing crisp back propagation network. Parameters chosen as inputs to the FBPN are no longer considered as of equal importance, but some production-control experts are requested to express their opinions about the importance of each input parameter in predicting the output time with linguistic terms, which can be converted into pre-specified fuzzy numbers, aggregated, and then multiplied to the normalized value of the corresponding input parameter when fed into the FBPN. Subsequently, the arithmetic for triangular fuzzy numbers is applied to deal with all calculations involved in network learning. A defuzzification operation is finally performed to obtain a crisp output time forecast to enhance the practicability of the forecast. A fab production simulator is applied to generate test examples. The results of five test cases showed the FBPN outperformed the crisp BPN in the efficiency respect, including starting with a much smaller initial root mean square error (RMSE) and requiring much fewer epochs for convergence. In the respect of prediction accuracy measured with the minimal RMSE, the performance of the FBPN was slightly better than that of the BPN. In addition, our experiments also showed that it is possible to significantly reduce the RMSE if the fuzzy-valued output is treated as a weighted interval forecast for the actual cycle time. © 2002 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.
Book review: Axel Englund: Still Songs. Music In and Around the Poetry of Paul Celan

Abstract in German Die Lekture von Still Songs eroffnet einen neuen, interessanten und zugleich kritischen Blick auf Celans „MusikGedichte“ und deren Vertonungen und auf die Celan-Forschung uberhaupt. Passagen zur Detailebene einzelner Gedichte – wie Todesfuge, Schlaflied, Saitenspiel, Engfuhrung oder Fadensonnen – und deren Vertonungen – durch Tilo Medek, Erhard Karkoschka, Harrison Birtwistle, Aribert Reimann, Wolfgang Rihm und andere – sind verwoben mit einer kritischen Aufarbeitung der Celan-Rezeption und Celans Positionierung innerhalb der deutschen Kriegs- und Nachkriegspoesie. All das mit dem fokussierenden Blick auf Musik und das Musikalische. Das Spannungsfeld zwischen Volksliedtradition und Postmodernismus zeigt sich dabei mehr als nur einmal in den sechs Kapiteln, die auf der Dissertation Englunds aus dem Jahre 2011 aufbauen. Auch das problematische Verhaltnis Celans und anderer – beispielsweise Theodor W. Adornos – zum Liedhaften und „Volkstumlichen“ nach 1945 wird herausgearbeitet. Der Volks(lied)begriff und dessen Auswirkungen auf die deutsche Dichtkultur seit dem spaten 18. Jahrhundert sowie dessen Missbrauch durch die Nationalsozialisten werden beispielhaft durch Gedichte wie Nahe der Graber und Es war Erde in ihnen beleuchtet. (Less)
Design of embedded systems: formal models, validation, and synthesis

This paper addresses the design of reactive real-time embedded systems. Such systems are often heterogeneous in implementation technologies and design styles, for example by combining hardware ASICs with embedded software. The concurrent design process for such embedded systems involves solving the specification, validation, and synthesis problems. We review the variety of approaches to these problems that have been taken.
New flux weakening control for high saliency interior permanent magnet synchronous machine without any tables

This paper presents a new flux weakening algorithm for high saliency Interior Permanent Magnet Synchronous Machine. The proposed method modifies the current reference not by look-up tables, but by a controller in order to achieve a flux weakening. The current reference modification is determined by the d-q axis current and output voltage using the gradient descent method. The proposed method consists of two part, the determination of the flux weakening region and the current reference modification. The flux weakening region is determined by the angle between the constant torque direction and the voltage decreasing direction, and the current reference is modified by the flux weakening direction and the voltage magnitude according to the flux weakening region. Moreover, this method can be applied to the infinite speed drive system as well as the fininite speed drive system. The feasibility of the proposed method has been verified by the experimental results.
Attitudes of nursing staff towards computerisation: a case of two hospitals in Nairobi, Kenya

BACKGROUND
The health sector is faced with constant changes as new approaches to tackle illnesses are unveiled through research. Information, communication and technology have greatly transformed healthcare practice the world over. Nursing is continually exposed to a variety of changes. Variables including age, educational level, years worked in nursing, computer knowledge and experience have been found to influence the attitudes of nurses towards computerisation. The purpose of the study was to determine the attitudes of nurses towards the use of computers and the factors that influence these attitudes.


METHODS
This cross sectional descriptive study was conducted among staff nurses working at one public hospital (Kenyatta National Hospital, (KNH) and one private hospital (Aga Khan University Hospital (AKUH). A convenience sample of 200 nurses filled the questionnaires. Data was collected using the modified Nurses' Attitudes Towards Computerisation (NATC) questionnaire.


RESULTS
Nurses had a favorable attitude towards computerisation. Non-users had a significantly higher attitude score compared to the users (p = 0.0274). Statistically significant associations were observed with age (p = 0.039), level of education (p = 0.025), duration of exposure to computers (p = 0.025) and attitudes towards computerisation.


CONCLUSION
Generally, nurses have positive attitudes towards computerisation.This information is important for the planning and implementation of computerisation in the hospital as suggested in other studies.
A Cross-Country Investigation of the Determinants of Scope of E-commerce Use: An Institutional Approach

The Internet and e-commerce have become increasingly diffused globally, bringing countries together into a global networked economy. Understanding global diffusion requires insight into the determinants of this process across countries. Building on past EDI and IT diffusion studies, this paper moves beyond adoption to look at the determinants of scope of use among e-commerce adopters. It develops and tests an integrated model of scope of e-commerce use, drawing on extensive survey data from a total of 2,139 establishments from three industries across ten countries. Derived from institutional theory and the technology–organization– environment (TOE) framework, the model integrates factors of national environment and policy with organizational and technological factors, finding the most significant predictors of scope of use to be technology resources, perceived strategic benefits, financial resources, legislation barriers, external pressure, and government promotion. There were also significant country effects, such that US firms had significantly higher scope of use than firms from other countries. This is the first empirical study of the scope of e-commerce use among adopters. It confirms the importance of strategic benefits, external pressure, and technology and financial resources in e-commerce use. In addition, it highlights important effects of the policy environment on scope of
A secured SDN framework for IoT

In the last couple of years Software Defined Network (SDN) have come into existence which empowers network operators with more flexibility to manage and program their network. This type of network solves the limitation of legacy networks. Data plane and control planes are separated from each other as a result data plane devices simple act as a packet forwarding device and leaving the decision making part to a centralized system called controller. Though it has a lot of advantages, still security of SDN is an open issue. In modern day living wireless sensor network (WSN) technologies come across all most all areas which creates another research dimension called IoT where sensors and actuators blend in one piece. Application of SDN architecture in the IoT environment is a higher challenge. In this article we will present the security challenges in SDN and a secured architecture for IoT in an SDN based network.
Fecal shedding of Salmonella spp by horses in the United States during 1998 and 1999 and detection of Salmonella spp in grain and concentrate sources on equine operations.

OBJECTIVE
To estimate prevalence of fecal shedding of Salmonella spp among horses in the US horse population and prevalence of Salmonella spp in grain or other concentrate used as horse feed on equine operations in the United States.


DESIGN
Cross-sectional survey.


SAMPLE POPULATION
Horses on 972 operations in 28 states.


PROCEDURE
Fecal samples were collected from horses resident at each operation. Only a single sample was collected from any individual horse; number of horses from which samples were collected on each operation was determined on the basis of number of horses on the operation. A single sample of grain or concentrate was also collected from each operation. All samples were tested for Salmonella spp by means of bacterial culture.


RESULTS
Overall, 0.8% (SE, 0.5) of resident horses shed Salmonella spp in their feces. The overall prevalence of operations positive for fecal shedding of Salmonella spp (i.e., operations with > or = 1 horse shedding Salmonella spp in its feces) was 1.8% (SE, 0.7). Prevalence of grain or other concentrate samples positive for Salmonella spp was 0.4%. Serotypes of Salmonella spp that were identified in grain or other concentrate were not those typically associated with clinical disease in horses.


CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE
Results suggest that the national prevalence of fecal shedding of Salmonella spp by horses in the United States was 0.8%, and that prevalence of Salmonella spp in grain or other concentrate used for horse feed was 0.4%.
Validation of measures of satisfaction with and impact of continuous and conventional glucose monitoring.

BACKGROUND
The evaluation of patient-reported outcomes (e.g. impact, satisfaction) is important in trials of continuous glucose monitoring (CGM). We evaluated psychometric properties of the CGM Satisfaction Scale (CGM-SAT) and the Glucose Monitoring Survey (GMS).


METHODS
CGM-SAT is a 44-item scale on which patients (n=224) or parents (n=102) rated their experience with CGM over the prior 6 months. GMS is a 22-item scale on which patients (n=447) or parents (n=221) rated the blood glucose monitoring system they were using (home glucose meter with or without CGM) at baseline and 6 months.


RESULTS
The alpha coefficient for the CGM-SAT was > or = 0.94 for all respondents and for the GMS was > or = 0.84 for all respondents at baseline and 6 months. Parent-youth agreement was 0.52 for the CGM-SAT at 6 months and 0.24 and 0.20 for the GMS at baseline and 6 months for the Standard Care Group, respectively. Test-retest reliability of the GMS at 6 months for controls was r=0.76 for adult patients, 0.63 for pediatric patients, and 0.43 for parents. Factor analysis isolated measurement factors for the CGM-SAT labeled Benefits of CGM and Hassles of CGM, accounting for 33% and 9% of score variance, respectively. For the GMS, two factors emerged: Glucose Control and Social Complications, accounting for 28% and 9% of variance, respectively. Significant correlations of CGM-SAT with frequency of CGM use between 6 months and baseline and GMS with frequency of conventional daily self-monitoring of blood glucose at baseline support their convergent validity.


CONCLUSIONS
The CGM-SAT and GMS are reliable and valid measures of patient-reported CGM outcomes.
Revisiting the definition of animal tool use

Benjamin Beck’s definition of tool use has served the field of animal cognition well for over 25 years (Beck 1980, Animal Tool Behavior: the Use and Manufacture of Tools, New York, Garland STPM). This article proposes a new, more explanatory definition that accounts for tool use in terms of two complementary subcategories of behaviours: behaviours aimed at altering a target object by mechanical means and behaviours that mediate the flow of information between the tool user and the environment or other organisms in the environment. The conceptual foundation and implications of the new definition are contrasted with those of existing definitions, particularly Beck’s. The new definition is informally evaluated with respect to a set of scenarios that highlights differences from Beck’s definition as well as those of others in the literature.
What is the Ideal Route of Administration of Tranexamic Acid in TKA? A Randomized Controlled Trial.

BACKGROUND
TKA commonly involves substantial blood loss and tranexamic acid has been used to reduce blood loss after TKA. Numerous clinical trials have documented the efficacy and safety of intravenous (IV) or intraarticular (IA) use of tranexamic acid. Combined administration of tranexamic acid also has been suggested; however, there is no consensus regarding the ideal route of tranexamic acid administration.


QUESTIONS/PURPOSES
(1) To compare the efficacy of tranexamic acid in terms of total blood loss and the allogeneic transfusion rate among three routes of administration: IV alone, IA alone, and combined IV and IA. (2) To compare these regimens in terms of venous thromboembolism (VTE) and the frequency of wound complications.


METHODS
In total, 376 patients undergoing TKA between March 2014 and March 2015 were randomized to four groups by the route of tranexamic acid administration: IV only, IA only, low-dose combined (IV + IA injection of 1 g), and high-dose combined (IV + IA injection of 2 g). The calculated total blood loss, allogeneic transfusion rate, decrease in hemoglobin, the frequency of symptomatic deep vein thrombosis and pulmonary embolism, wound complications, and periprosthetic joint infection were compared among the groups. Total blood loss was calculated using estimated total body blood volume and hemoglobin loss. The decision regarding when to transfuse was determined based on preset criteria.


RESULTS
The high- and low-dose combined groups and the IA-only group had lower total blood loss (564 ± 242 mL, 642 ± 242 mL, and 633 ± 205 mL, respectively) than the IV-only group (764 ± 217 mL; mean differences = 199 mL [95% CI, 116-283 mL], p < 0.001; 121 mL [95% CI, 38-205 mL], p = 0.001; 131 mL [95% CI, 47-214 mL], p < 0.001); no differences were found among the other three groups. No patients in any study group received an allogeneic transfusion. One patient in the IV-only group had a symptomatic pulmonary embolism develop, but no other symptomatic VTE events occurred in any group. In addition, no differences were observed in wound complications, such as superficial wound necrosis (one patient in the IV-only and the high-dose combined group, respectively) and oozing (IV-only, IA-only, low-dose combined, high-dose combined = 3%, 4%, 4%, and 7%; p = 0.572) between the groups. No patients had a periprosthetic joint infection.


CONCLUSION
IA tranexamic acid administration further reduces blood loss after TKA in comparison to IV use alone; no additional effect in further reducing blood loss was found in combination with IV tranexamic acid. Appropriately powered studies are needed to confirm the safety of this route of administration as the preferred route of administration in TKA.


LEVEL OF EVIDENCE
Level I, therapeutic study.
Ubiquitous Cell-Free Massive MIMO Communications

Since the first cellular networks were trialled in the 1970s, we have witnessed an incredible wireless revolution. From 1G to 4G, the massive traffic growth has been managed by a combination of wider bandwidths, refined radio interfaces, and network densification, namely increasing the number of antennas per site [1]. Due its cost-efficiency, the latter has contributed the most. Massive MIMO (multiple-input multiple-output) is a key 5G technology that uses massive antenna arrays to provide a very high beamforming gain and spatially multiplexing of users, and hence, increases the spectral and energy efficiency (see [2] and references herein). It constitutes a centralized solution to densify a network, and its performance is limited by the inter-cell interference inherent in its cell-centric design. Conversely, ubiquitous cell-free Massive MIMO [3] refers to a distributed Massive MIMO system implementing coherent user-centric transmission to overcome the inter-cell interference limitation in cellular networks and provide additional macro-diversity. These features, combined with the system scalability inherent in the Massive MIMO design, distinguishes ubiquitous cell-free Massive MIMO from prior coordinated distributed wireless systems. In this article, we investigate the enormous potential of this promising technology while addressing practical deployment issues to deal with the increased back/front-hauling overhead deriving from the signal co-processing.
[Imperforate hymen: Can it be treated without damaging the hymenal structure?].

UNLABELLED
Imperforate hymen is a rare congenital anomaly, with an incidence of about 1 in 2000 female births. It is generally diagnosed during puberty. Treatment generally consists of a hymenotomy or a hymenectomy. Because the hymen is a symbol of virginity in some communities, its destruction can be source of social problems for some girls.


OBJECTIVES
We discuss the diagnostic but especially therapeutic aspects of imperforate hymens and possible surgical techniques, in particular those that preserve the hymen.


MATERIAL AND METHODS
We describe the cases of 5 girls treated in our department for imperforate hymen between 2001 and 2007. Two of them required the safeguarding of the normal architecture of their hymen to preserve the appearance of virginity. We analysed diagnostic features and surgical techniques.


RESULTS
The average age of our patients was 14.8 years (range: 11 and 17 years). The most frequent reason for consultation was pelvic pain with primary amenorrhea. Inspection of the vulva revealed in all cases a dome-shaped purplish-red hymeneal membrane. Hymeneal incision allowed drainage of old previously blocked menstrual blood. Three patients were treated by radial incisions of the hymen. The parents of 2 patients demanded that their hymens be preserved. Accordingly, one had a simple excision of a central flange of the hymen and the other was treated by a similar technique that also used a Foley catheter . All five patients did well after surgical treatment. The techniques used to preserve the hymen resulted in an apparently intact annular hymen.


CONCLUSION
Imperforate hymen is a rare anomaly. Its diagnosis is simple. The traditional technique of radial incisions is a simple procedure that yields good results. The technique using the Foley catheter is an adequate alternative when preservation of the hymen is required.
Reciprocal relations between recovery and work engagement: the moderating role of job stressors.

In this paper, we examined the within-person relations between morning recovery level (i.e., feeling refreshed and replenished) and work engagement throughout the day, and between work engagement throughout the day and the subsequent recovery level at the end of the workday. We hypothesized that job stressors (situational constraints, job demands) moderate these relations. A diary study over 1 workweek with 2 measurement occasions per day (N = 111 persons) provided support for most of the hypotheses: Morning recovery level predicted work engagement, and work engagement predicted subsequent recovery level at the end of the workday after controlling for morning recovery level. As predicted, situational constraints attenuated these relations, but job demands did not. The results suggest that recovery translates into employee work engagement, and work engagement, in turn, prevents a loss in recovery level throughout the day, particularly when situational constraints are low. Situational constraints seem to interrupt the reciprocal processes between recovery level and work engagement.
Usefulness of FibroScan for Detection of Early Compensated Liver Cirrhosis in Chronic Hepatitis B

Background It is difficult to differentiate early compensated cirrhosis from chronic hepatitis solely by clinical features. The aim of this study was to assess the usefulness of liver stiffness measurement (LSM) for detection of early compensated liver cirrhosis in chronic hepatitis B (CHB). Methods Ninety-one consecutive CHB patients who underwent liver biopsy (LB) and LSM were recruited. All patients did not fulfill the clinical criteria for cirrhosis. The cutoff of LSM for cirrhosis was 10.3 kPa. Results All patients were divided into either group A (cirrhosis) or group B (CHB) according to LB result. The median LSM values of groups A and B were 11.8 and 7.6 kPa, respectively (P < 0.001). The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value of LSM in predicting cirrhosis were 0.59, 0.78, 0.68, and 0.72, respectively. The area under the receiver operating characteristics curve (AUROC) of LSM was 0.803, whereas the AUROCs of aspartate to alanine aminotransferase ratio (AAR) and aspartate aminotransferase to platelet ratio index (APRI) were 0.488 and 0.723, respectively. Conclusions LSM showed an acceptable diagnostic accuracy for detecting early compensated cirrhosis in CHB.
Multi-graph-view Learning for Graph Classification

Graph classification has traditionally focused on graphs generated from a single feature view. In many applications, it is common to have useful information from different channels/views to describe objects, which naturally results in a new representation with multiple graphs generated from different feature views being used to describe one object. In this paper, we formulate a new Multi-Graph-View learning task for graph classification, where each object to be classified contains graphs from multiple graph-views. This problem setting is essentially different from traditional single-graph-view graph classification, where graphs are from one single feature view. To solve the problem, we propose a Cross Graph-View Sub graph Feature based Learning (gCGVFL) algorithm that explores an optimal set of sub graphs, across multiple graph-views, as features to represent graphs. Specifically, we derive an evaluation criterion to estimate the discriminative power and the redundancy of sub graph features across all views, and assign proper weight values to each view to indicate its importance for graph classification. The iterative cross graph-view sub graph scoring and graph-view weight updating form a closed loop to find optimal sub graphs to represent graphs for multi-graph-view learning. Experiments and comparisons on real-world tasks demonstrate the algorithm's performance.