LLukas22/scidocs huggingface dataset:
EEG Effects of Motion Sickness Induced in a Dynamic Virtual Reality Environment

The Electroencephalogram (EEG) dynamics which relate to motion sickness are studied in this paper. Instead of providing visual or motion stimuli to the subjects to induce motion sickness, we employed a dynamic virtual-reality (VR) environment in our research. The environment consisted of a 3D surrounding VR scene and a motion platform providing a realistic situation. This environment provided the advantages of safety, low cost, and the realistic stimuli to induce motion sickness. The Motion Sickness Questionnaire (MSQ) was used to assess the sickness level, and the EEG effects on the subjects with high sickness levels were investigated using the independent component analysis (ICA). The fake-epoch extraction was then applied to the nausea-related independent components. Finally we employed the Event-Related Spectral Perturbation (ERSP) technology on the fake-epochs in order to determine the EEG dynamics during motion sickness. The experimental results show that most subjects experienced an 8-10 Hz power increase to their motion sickness-related phenomena in the parietal and motor areas. Moreover, some subjects experienced an EEG power increase of 18-20 Hz in their synchronized responses recorded in the same areas. The motion sickness-related effects and regions can be successfully obtained from our experimental results.
An efficient privacy mechanism for electronic health records

Electronic health records (EHRs), digitization of patients’ health record, offer many advantages over traditional ways of keeping patients’ records, such as easing data management and facilitating quick access and real-time treatment. EHRs are a rich source of information for research (e.g. in data analytics), but there is a risk that the published data (or its leakage) can compromise patient privacy. The k-anonymity model is a widely used privacy model to study privacy breaches, but this model only studies privacy against identity disclosure. Other extensions to mitigate existing limitations in k-anonymity model include p-sensitive k-anonymity model, p+-sensitive k-anonymity model, and (p, α)-sensitive k-anonymity model. In this paper, we point out that these existing models are inadequate in preserving the privacy of end users. Specifically, we identify situations where p+sensitive k-anonymity model is unable to preserve the privacy of individuals when an adversary can identify similarities among the categories of sensitive values. We term such attack as Categorical Similarity Attack (CSA). Thus, we propose a balanced p+-sensitive k-anonymity model, as an extension of the p+-sensitive k-anonymity model. We then formally analyze the proposed model using High-Level Petri Nets (HLPN) and verify its properties using SMT-lib and Z3 solver.We then evaluate the utility of release data using standard metrics and show that our model outperforms its counterparts in terms of privacy vs. utility tradeoff. © 2017 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Maternal psychosocial stress and children's ADHD diagnosis: a prospective birth cohort study.

OBJECTIVE
Examine the association of mothers' psychosocial stressors before and during pregnancy with their children's diagnosis of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD).


METHODS
This study included 2140 mother-child pairs who had at least one postnatal pediatric visit at the Boston Medical Center between 2003 and 2015. Child ADHD was determined via International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision (ICD-9) codes documented in electronic medical records. Latent factors of maternal stress and social support and measures of the physical home environment and psychosocial adversities were constructed using exploratory factor analysis. The association between the latent factors and child ADHD diagnosis was examined using multiple logistic regression, controlling for known risk factors for ADHD.


RESULTS
Children were 1.45 (95% CI: 1.06, 1.99) and 3.03 (95% CI: 2.19, 4.20) times more likely to receive an ADHD diagnosis if their mother experienced a major stressful event during pregnancy or reported a high level of perceived stress, respectively. The number of family adversities increases the risk of ADHD diagnosis [second quartile: OR = 1.90; CI (1.31, 2.77); third quartile: OR = 1.96 CI (1.34, 2.88); fourth quartile: OR = 2.89 CI (2.01, 4.16)] compared to first quartile.


CONCLUSIONS
In this prospective, predominantly urban, low-income, minority birth cohort, mothers' psychosocial stress before and during pregnancy appears to be an independent risk factor for the development of ADHD in their children.
Simulation in manufacturing and business: A review

This paper reports the results of a review of simulation applications published within peer-reviewed literature between 1997 and 2006 to provide an up-to-date picture of the role of simulation techniques within manufacturing and business. The review is characterised by three factors: wide coverage, broad scope of the simulation techniques, and a focus on real-world applications. A structured methodology was followed to narrow down the search from around 20,000 papers to 281. Results include interesting trends and patterns. For instance, although discrete event simulation is the most popular technique, it has lower stakeholder engagement than other techniques, such as system dynamics or gaming. This is highly correlated with modelling lead time and purpose. Considering application areas, modelling is mostly used in scheduling. Finally, this review shows an increasing interest in hybrid modelling as an approach to cope with complex enterprise-wide systems. 2009 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
Classification of low-grade and high-grade glioma using multi-modal image radiomics features

Gliomas are primary brain tumors arising from glial cells. Gliomas can be classified into different histopathologic grades according to World Health Oraganization (WHO) grading system which represents malignancy. In this paper, we present a method to predict the grades of Gliomas using Radiomics imaging features. MICCAI Brain Tumor Segmentation Challenge (BRATs 2015) training data, its segmentation ground truth and the ground truth labels were used for this work. 45 radiomics features based on histogram, shape and gray-level co-occurrence matrix (GLCM) were extracted from each FLAIR, T1, T1-Contrast, T2 image to quantify the property of Gliomas. Significant features among 180 features were selected through L1-norm regularization (LASSO). Based on LASSO coefficient and selected feature values, we computed a LASSO score and gliomas were classified into low-grade glimoa (LGG) or high-grade glimoa (HGG) through logistic regression. Classification result was validated by a 10-fold cross validation. Our method achieved accuracy of 0.8981, sensitivity of 0.8889, specificity of 0.9074, and area under the curve (AUC) = 0.8870.
Ten Benefits of Testing and Their Applications to Educational Practice

Testing in school is usually done for purposes of assessment, to assign students grades (from tests in classrooms) or rank them in terms of abilities (in standardized tests). Yet tests can serve other purposes in educational settings that greatly improve performance; this chapter reviews 10 other benefits of testing. Retrieval practice occurring during tests can greatly enhance retention of the retrieved information (relative to no testing or even to restudying). Furthermore, besides its durability, such repeated retrieval produces knowledge that can be retrieved flexibly and transferred to other situations. On open-ended assessments (such as essay tests), retrieval practice required by tests can help students organize information and form a coherent knowledge base. Retrieval of some information on a test can also lead to easier retrieval of related information, at least on PsychologyofLearningandMotivation, Volume 55 # 2011 Elsevier Inc. ISSN 0079-7421, DOI 10.1016/B978-0-12-387691-1.00001-6 All rights reserved.
UIML: An Appliance-Independent XML User Interface Language

Today’s Internet appliances feature user interface technologies almost unknown a few years ago: touch screens, styli, handwriting and voice recognition, speech synthesis, tiny screens, and more. This richness creates problems. First, different appliances use different languages: WML for cell phones; SpeechML, JSML, and VoxML for voice enabled devices such as phones; HTML and XUL for desktop computers, and so on. Thus, developers must maintain multiple source code families to deploy interfaces to one information system on multiple appliances. Second, user interfaces differ dramatically in complexity (e.g, PC versus cell phone interfaces). Thus, developers must also manage interface content. Third, developers risk writing appliance-specific interfaces for an appliance that might not be on the market tomorrow. A solution is to build interfaces with a single, universal language free of assumptions about appliances and interface technology. This paper introduces such a language, the User Interface Markup Language (UIML), an XML-compliant language. UIML insulates the interface designer from the peculiarities of different appliances through style sheets. A measure of the power of UIML is that it can replace hand-coding of Java AWT or Swing user interfaces.  1999 Published by Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.
Board-level IT governance and organizational performance

Received: 24 October 2011 Revised: 26 January 2012 2nd Revision: 27 August 2012 3rd Revision: 5 November 2012 4th Revision: 11 December 2012 5th Revision: 13 December 2012 Accepted: 14 December 2012 Abstract Research on the strategic management of Information Technology (IT) resources has mostly focused on the oversight provided by the management team as a means to increase organizational performance. In recent years, boards of directors have also increased their involvement in IT matters, and various theoretical lenses suggest that this oversight too has the potential to influence organizational performance. Hence, this study synthesizes the resource-based and contingency views of MIS with corporate governance theories, and examines key antecedents and consequences of board-level IT governance (ITG) using a multi-method approach. Structural Equation Modelling analysis applied to organization-level data collected from 171 board members suggested that the level of ITG exercised by boards was contingent upon the organization’s ‘IT use mode’, along the two dimensions of need for (a) fast and reliable IT, and (b) new innovative IT. But, the findings further suggested that the contingency approach may be suboptimal because it can cause new ways of leveraging IT to be ignored. High levels of board-level ITG, regardless of existing IT needs, increased organizational performance. This phenomenon was illuminated with applicability checks. Moreover, content analysis and structured interviews with board members further enriched these insights. European Journal of Information Systems (2014) 23, 223–239. doi:10.1057/ejis.2012.61; published online 5 February 2013
Efficacy of peripartum antiviral treatment for hepatic failure due to hepatitis B virus.

OBJECTIVE
To investigate the efficacy of oral nucleosides in preventing hepatic failure during pregnancy (HFP) caused by hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection.


METHODS
Besides receiving standard treatment, 70 women with HFP caused by HBV infection joined a study group (n = 40) or a control group (n = 30) according to their preference. In the study group, 14 women were given lamivudine in the third trimester and an antiviral treatment was continued postpartum. The 26 remaining patients were treated postpartum only, with lamivudine (n = 16) or entecavir (n = 10).


RESULTS
In the study group, the values for serum HBV DNA and hepatitis B envelope antigen were markedly lower at 1 and 2 months than they were at baseline (P < 0.001 and P < 0.001, respectively). Moreover, the HBV DNA values at 1 and 2 months were significantly lower in the study than in the control group (P < 0.05). Overall mortality and incidence of intrauterine infection were also significantly lower in the study group (P < 0.05). No newborns had any apparent abnormalities in either group.


CONCLUSION
Treatment with nucleosides suppressed the replication of HBV DNA and led to biochemical improvement. It also reduced maternal mortality and safely decreased mother-to-child HBV transmission.
Fatigue in persons with subacute spinal cord injury who are dependent on a manual wheelchair

Study design:Cross-sectional.Objectives:To determine the prevalence and severity of fatigue in persons with subacute spinal cord injury (SCI), assess whether demographic and lesion characteristics are related to fatigue and determine the relationship with physical fitness and physical behavior.Setting:Measurements were performed 2 months before discharge from inpatient rehabilitation.Methods:Thirty-six persons with subacute SCI, dependent on a manual wheelchair, mean age 43±15 and 83% men, completed the Fatigue Severity Scale (FSS). FSS scores >4 indicated fatigue. We recorded age and lesion characteristics, measured body mass index, measured peak power output and peak oxygen uptake during a maximal handcycling test and determined physical behavior using an accelerometer-based activity monitor. T-tests were used to test for differences in fatigue between subgroups based on age and lesion characteristics, and regression analyses to assess the relationship with physical fitness and physical behavior.Results:Mean FSS was 3.3±1.3. Fatigue, including severe fatigue, was prevalent in 31% (95% confidence interval: 16–46) of participants compared with 18% in the general population. Furthermore, mean fatigue was significantly higher in persons with incomplete compared with complete lesions (t=2.22, P=0.03). Mean scores between other subgroups did not differ significantly. Of the physical fitness and physical behavior measures, only peak oxygen uptake tended to be related to more fatigue (B=−1.47, P=0.05).Conclusion:Fatigue was prevalent and is of concern in persons with subacute SCI. Those with incomplete lesions seem to be at higher risk. Because fatigue is known to persist among persons with SCI, interventions to reduce fatigue seem necessary.
Descriptive Set Theory Over Hyperfinite Sets

The separation, uniformization, and other properties of the Borel and projective hierarchies over hyperfinite sets are investigated and compared to the corresponding properties in classical descriptive set theory. The techniques used in this investigation also provide some results about countably determined sets and functions, as well as an improvement of an earlier theorem of Kunen and Miller.
Salt stress induces an increased expression of V-type H+-ATPase in mature sugar beet leaves

In the halotolerant sugar beet co-expression of V-ATPase and a vacuolar Na+/H+-antiporter provides a mechanism for vacuolar salt sequestration. To analyze salt-induced changes in the expression of the vacuolar H+-ATPase (V-ATPase) a partial cDNA for the proton-channel forming subunit c was cloned by RT-PCR. Southern blot analysis indicated a small gene family. In control plants transcript levels were high in roots and young growing leaves but low in fully expanded leaves. In mature leaves salt exposure (400 mM, 48 h) induced a strong increase in subunit c-mRNA. Transcripts for the catalytic subunit A followed a similar developmental and stress-modulated pattern, indicating a coordinate regulation of transcripts for both V-ATPase subunits. Concomittant with the mRNA increases the amount of V-ATPase protein increased as well.
An effective and efficient defect inspection system for TFT-LCD polarised films using adaptive thresholds and shape-based image analyses

An effective and efficient defect inspection system for TFT-LCD polarised films using adaptive thresholds and shape-based image analyses Chung-Ho Noha; Seok-Lyong Leea; Deok-Hwan Kimb; Chin-Wan Chungc; Sang-Hee Kimd a School of Industrial and Management Engineering, Hankuk University of Foreign Studies, Yonginshi, Korea b School of Electronics Engineering, Inha University, Yonghyun-dong, Incheon-shi, Korea c Division of Computer Science, KAIST, Daejeon-shi, Korea d Key Technology Research Center, Agency for Defense Development, Daejeon-shi, Korea
Machine Learning Based Keyphrase Extraction: Comparing Decision Trees, Naïve Bayes, and Artificial Neural Networks

The paper presents three machine learning based keyphrase extraction methods that respectively use Decision Trees, Naïve Bayes, and Artificial Neural Networks for keyphrase extraction. We consider keyphrases as being phrases that consist of one or more words and as representing the important concepts in a text document. The three machine learning based keyphrase extraction methods that we use for experimentation have been compared with a publicly available keyphrase extraction system called KEA. The experimental results show that the Neural Network based keyphrase extraction method outperforms two other keyphrase extraction methods that use the Decision Tree and Naïve Bayes. The results also show that the Neural Network based method performs better than KEA. Keywords—Keyphrase Extraction, Decision Tree, Naïve Bayes, Artificial Neural Networks, Machine Learning, WEKA
Prazosin effects on stress- and cue-induced craving and stress response in alcohol-dependent individuals: preliminary findings.

BACKGROUND
Stress, alcohol cues, and dysregulated stress responses increase alcohol craving and relapse susceptibility, but few pharmacologic agents are known to decrease stress- and cue-induced alcohol craving and associated stress dysregulation in humans. Here we report findings from a preliminary efficacy study of the alpha-1 receptor antagonist, prazosin, in modulating these relapse-relevant factors in alcohol-dependent individuals.


METHODS
Seventeen early abstinent, treatment-seeking alcohol-dependent individuals (12 men and 5 women) were randomly assigned to receive either placebo or 16 mg daily prazosin in a double-blind, placebo-controlled manner over 4 weeks. During week 4, all patients participated in a 3-day laboratory experiment involving 5-minute guided imagery exposure to stress, alcohol cue, and neutral-relaxing/control conditions, 1 exposure per day, on consecutive days in a random, counterbalanced order. Alcohol craving, anxiety, negative emotion, cardiovascular measures, and plasma hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA; cortisol, adenocorticotropic hormone) were assessed repeatedly in each session.


RESULTS
The prazosin group (n = 9) versus the placebo group (n = 8) showed significantly lower alcohol craving, anxiety, and negative emotion following stress exposure. The placebo group also showed significantly increased stress- and cue-induced alcohol craving, anxiety, negative emotion, and blood pressure (BP), as well as a blunted HPA response relative to the neutral condition, while the prazosin group showed no such increases in craving, anxiety, negative emotion, and BP, and no blunted HPA response to stress and alcohol cue exposure.


CONCLUSIONS
Prazosin appears efficacious in decreasing stress- and cue-induced alcohol craving and may normalize the stress dysregulation associated with early recovery from alcoholism. Further research to assess the efficacy of prazosin in reducing alcohol craving and stress-related relapse risk is warranted.
FPGA based agile algorithm-on-demand coprocessor

With growing computational needs of many real-world applications, frequently changing specifications of standards, and the high design and NRE costs of ASICs, an algorithm-agile FPGA based co-processor has become a viable alternative. In this article, we report about the general design of an algorith-agile co-processor and the proof-of-concept implementation.
Syndemic conditions associated with increased HIV risk in a global sample of men who have sex with men.

OBJECTIVE
We evaluated the relationship among syndemic conditions (defined as a cluster of interconnected psychosocial health conditions), sexual behaviours and self-reported HIV infection in a global sample of men who have sex with men (MSM).


METHODS
We used generalised estimating equations logistic regression models with robust SEs to assess the relationships among cumulative number of syndemic conditions--including depression, substance use, violence, sexual stigma and homelessness--and unprotected anal intercourse (UAI) and HIV infection, while accounting for clustering within-country in a global cross-sectional survey of 3934 MSM across 151 countries.


RESULTS
We observed parallel, significant dose-response associations between the number of syndemic conditions and UAI, as well as number of syndemic conditions and HIV infection. Compared with participants without syndemics, the adjusted OR (aOR) for UAI among those with 1, 2 and 3 or more syndemic conditions were 1.44 (Bonferroni-adjusted 95% CI 1.23 to 1.68), 1.89 (1.51 to 2.36) and 2.03 (1.43 to 2.89), respectively. Compared with participants without syndemics, the aOR for HIV infection among those with 1, 2 and 3 or more syndemic conditions were 1.67 (1.24 to 2.26), 2.02 (1.44 to 2.85) and 2.35 (1.31 to 4.21), respectively.


CONCLUSIONS
This analysis provides evidence of intertwining syndemics that may operate synergistically to increase HIV risk among MSM globally. To curb HIV effectively and advance the health of MSM, multiple conditions must be addressed concurrently using multi-level approaches that target both individual and structural risk factors.
A steganographic method for digital images with four-pixel differencing and modified LSB substitution

To improve the embedding capacity and provide an imperceptible visual quality, a novel steganographic method based on four-pixel differencing and modified least significant bit (LSB) substitution is presented. The average difference value of a four-pixel block is exploited to classify the block as a smooth area or an edge area. Secret data are hidden into each pixel by the k-bit modified LSB substitution method, where k is decided by the level which the average difference value falls into. Readjustment will be executed to guarantee the same level that the average difference value belongs to before and after embedding, and to minimize the perceptual distortion. By proving that the readjusting procedure works, a theoretical proof is given to justify our method succeeded in embedding and extracting. Our experimental results have shown that the proposed method not only has an acceptable image quality but also provides a large embedding capacity. 2010 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
3D InfoVis is here to stay: Deal with it

3D information visualization has existed for more than 100 years. 3D offers intrinsic attributes such as an extra dimension for encoding position and length, meshes and surfaces; lighting and separation. Further 3D can aid mental models for configuration of data within a 3D spatial framework. Perceived issues with 3D are solvable and successful, specialized information visualizations can be built.
A Survey of Maneuvering Target Tracking — Part IV : Decision-Based Methods

This is the fourth part of a series of papers that provide a comprehensive survey of techniques for tracking maneuvering targets without addressing the so-called measurement-origin uncertainty. Part I [1] and Part II [2] deal with target motion models. Part III [3] covers the measurement models and the associated techniques. This part surveys tracking techniques that are based on decisions regarding target maneuver. Three classes of techniques are identified and described: equivalent noise, input detection and estimation, and switching model. Maneuver detection methods are also included.