LLukas22/scidocs huggingface dataset:
Potentiated homeopathic drug Arsenicum Album 30C inhibits intracellular reactive oxygen species generation and up-regulates expression of arsenic resistance gene in arsenite-exposed bacteria Escherichia coli.

OBJECTIVE
To examine if potentiated homeopathic drug Arsenicum Album 30C (Ars Alb 30C) can reduce sodium arsenite-induced toxicity in Escherichia coli.


METHODS
E. coli were exposed to low arsenite insult after they grew up to log phase in standard Luria-Bertani medium. E. coli were treated with 1 or 2 mmol/L sodium arsenite alone (control), or Ars Alb 30C was added to the medium of a subset of sodium arsenite-treated bacteria (drug-treated), or homeopathically agitated alcohol was added to the medium containing a subset of sodium arsenite-treated bacteria (placebo-treated). A sub-set of untreated E. coli served as the negative control. Glucose uptake, specific activities of hexokinase, lipid peroxidase (LPO), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase, intra- and extra-cellular sodium arsenite content, cell growth, cell membrane potential, DNA damage, intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS), adenosine triphosphate (ATP) and free glutathione content and expressions of arsB and ptsG gene in normal control, sodium arsenite-treated, drug-treated and placebo-treated E. coli were analyzed. Treatments were blinded and randomized.


RESULTS
In sodium arsenite-treated E. coli, glucose uptake, intracellular ROS, LPO and DNA damage increased along with decrease in the specific activities of hexokinase, SOD and catalase, intracellular ATP and free glutathione contents and cell membrane potential and growth, and there were increases in expression levels of arsB gene and ptsG gene. Ars Alb 30C administration reduced arsenic toxicity in E. coli by inhibiting generation of ROS and increasing tolerance to arsenite toxicity and cell growth.


CONCLUSION
Ars Alb 30C ameliorated arsenic toxicity and DNA damage, validating efficacy of ultra-highly diluted remedies used in homeopathy.
Magnetic translation group as group extensions

The idea of magnetic translation groups, appearing in considerations of movement of electron in an external magnetic field, was proposed independently by Brown [1] and Zak [2]. From those works follows that the magnetic translation group is an image of Weyl–Heisenberg group [3] obtained by imposing the Born–von Kármán periodic boundary conditions. The general description of similar problems has been presented by Schwinger [4], who considered unitary operator bases. One of the considered cases can be interpreted as a description of finite phase space. This two-dimensional space is spanned by one space (positional) dimension and the other corresponding to kinetic momentum. Two unitary translation operators acting in these two dimensions are given by exponential functions of Hermitian operators of momentum and position, respectively, and, of course, they do not commute. Algebraic structure generated by such operators resembles an extension of a direct product of two Abelian (translation) groups by a group G containing commutators (or simply factors since, in general, it is a subgroup of the field of complex numbers). Therefore, such extensions are throughout studied in this work and the physical relevance is indicated. In the next section some basic ideas of the Weyl–Heisenberg group, finite phase spaces and magnetic translations groups are briefly presented. All possible (central) extensions of a direct product T of two finite cyclic groups ZZN1 and ZZN2 by an Abelian group G are determined in Sec 3. The Mac Lane method [8, 9] (see also Lulek [10, 11, 12]), has been applied and the solution can be given in a general (analytic) form (see also the appendix). In Sec 4 the cases of G = U(1) and G = ZZN are discussed as the simplest, and the most important, examples of possible groups of factors (gauge groups). This work is ended by a short discussion and remarks.
Vagus Nerve Stimulation Increases Energy Expenditure: Relation to Brown Adipose Tissue Activity

BACKGROUND
Human brown adipose tissue (BAT) activity is inversely related to obesity and positively related to energy expenditure. BAT is highly innervated and it is suggested the vagus nerve mediates peripheral signals to the central nervous system, there connecting to sympathetic nerves that innervate BAT. Vagus nerve stimulation (VNS) is used for refractory epilepsy, but is also reported to generate weight loss. We hypothesize VNS increases energy expenditure by activating BAT.


METHODS AND FINDINGS
Fifteen patients with stable vns therapy (age: 45 ± 10 yrs; body mass index; 25.2 ± 3.5 kg/m(2)) were included between January 2011 and June 2012. Ten subjects were measured twice, once with active and once with inactivated VNS. Five other subjects were measured twice, once with active VNS at room temperature and once with active VNS under cold exposure in order to determine maximal cold-induced BAT activity. BAT activity was assessed by 18-Fluoro-Deoxy-Glucose-Positron-Emission-Tomography-and-Computed-Tomography. Basal metabolic rate (BMR) was significantly higher when VNS was turned on (mean change; +2.2%). Mean BAT activity was not significantly different between active VNS and inactive VNS (BAT SUV(Mean); 0.55 ± 0.25 versus 0.67 ± 0.46, P = 0.619). However, the change in energy expenditure upon VNS intervention (On-Off) was significantly correlated to the change in BAT activity (r = 0.935, P<0.001).


CONCLUSIONS
VNS significantly increases energy expenditure. The observed change in energy expenditure was significantly related to the change in BAT activity. This suggests a role for BAT in the VNS increase in energy expenditure. Chronic VNS may have a beneficial effect on the human energy balance that has potential application for weight management therapy.


TRIAL REGISTRATION
The study was registered in the Clinical Trial Register under the ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier NCT01491282.
A Fundamental Algorithm for Dependency Parsing

This paper presents a fundamental algorithm for parsing natural language sentences into dependency trees. Unlike phrase-structure (constituency) parsers, this algorithm operates one word at a time, attaching each word as soon as it can be attached, corresponding to properties claimed for the parser in the human brain. Like phrasestructure parsing, its worst-case complexity is O(n), but in human language, the worst case occurs only for small n.
Big data and predictive analytics for supply chain sustainability: A theory-driven research agenda

Big data and predictive analytics (BDPA) tools and methodologies are leveraged by businesses in many ways to improve operational and strategic capabilities, and ultimately, to positively impact corporate financial performance. BDPA has become crucial for managing supply chain functions, where data intensive processes can be vastly improved through its effective use. BDPA has also become a competitive necessity for the management of supply chains, with practitioners and scholars focused almost entirely on how BDPA is used to increase economic measures of performance. There is limited understanding, however, as to how BDPA can impact other aspects of the triple bottom-line, namely environmental and social sustainability outcomes. Indeed, this area is in immediate need of attention from scholars in many fields including industrial engineering, supply chain management, information systems, business analytics, as well as other business and engineering disciplines. The purpose of this article is to motivate such research by proposing an agenda based in well-established theory. This article reviews eight theories that can be used by researchers to examine and clarify the nature of BDPA’s impact on supply chain sustainability, and presents research questions based upon this review. Scholars can leverage this article as the basis for future research activity, and practitioners can use this article as a means to understand how company-wide BDPA initiatives might impact measures of supply chain sustainability. Published by Elsevier Ltd.
Certolizumab pegol for active Crohn's disease: a placebo-controlled, randomized trial.

BACKGROUND & AIMS
Certolizumab pegol (CZP) is a pegylated-conjugated Fab' against tumor necrosis factor (TNF). Additional data are needed regarding the efficacy of induction therapy with CZP in active Crohn's disease (CD).


METHODS
A placebo-controlled trial evaluated the efficacy of CZP therapy in 439 adults with moderate to severe CD naive to anti-TNF therapy. Patients were randomized to receive CZP (400 mg subcutaneously) or placebo at weeks 0, 2, and 4. The primary end point was clinical remission at week 6.


RESULTS
Clinical remission rates at week 6 in the CZP and placebo groups were 32% and 25% (P = .174), respectively. Remission rates at weeks 2 and 4 in the CZP and placebo groups were 23% and 16% (P = .033) and 27% and 19% (P = .063), respectively. Clinical response rates at weeks 2, 4, and 6 in the CZP and placebo groups were 33% and 20% (P = .001), 35% and 26% (P = .024), and 41% and 34% (P = .179), respectively. There were significantly greater rates of clinical remission at week 6 for CZP in patients with increased concentrations of C-reactive protein (≥5 mg/L) at entry. Serious adverse events developed in 5% and 4% of patients in the CZP and placebo groups, respectively.


CONCLUSIONS
The primary end point did not reach statistical significance. Significant differences between CZP and placebo were observed in patients who had increased concentrations of C-reactive protein when the study began. Future clinical trials should emphasize the treatment of patients who have objective evidence of inflammation in addition to symptoms of active disease.
Evaluation of Corrosion-Resistant Steel Reinforcing Bars

The corrosion performance of a new reinforcing steel is compared with that of conventional steeL The effects of both microalloying and a special heat treatment are evaluated. The microalloying includes small increases in the percentages of copper, phosphorus, and chromium compared to conventional reinforcing steel (less than 1.5 percent total), and the heat treatment involves quenching and tempering after hot rolling. The increase in the phosphorus content exceeds the amount allowed in the ASTM specifications for reinforcing steeL The steels are evaluated using the Southern Exposure and Cracked Beam tests, which are generally accepted in United States practice, plus rapid corrosion potential and macrocell tests developed at the University of Kansas. Corrosion potential, macrocell corrosion rate, and macrocell mat-to-mat resistance are measured. Mechanical properties are compared with the requirements of ASTM A 615 to measure the affects of microalloying and heat treatment on the ductility and strength of the steel. The results indicate that the corrosion resistant steel has a macrocell corrosion rate equal to half that of conventional steel. The corrosion resisting mechanisms exhibited by the microalloying appear to involve the deposition of protective corrosion products at both the anode and the cathode. The epoxy-coated corrosion resistant steel had a greater time-tocorrosion than epoxy-coated conventional steel. The microalloyed steel met the mechanical requirements of ASTM A 615 for reinforcement.
Changes in intrusive memories associated with imaginal reliving in posttraumatic stress disorder.

The study investigated changes in intrusive memories associated with imaginal reliving of traumatic events in posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). The study population comprised 44 patients treated with imaginal reliving in the context of cognitive therapy for PTSD [Behav. Res. Ther. 38 (2000) 319-345]. For most patients, imaginal reliving did not lead to exacerbations in intrusion frequency. The decrease in intrusion frequency after reliving was gradual, as was the decrease in their distress, vividness, and perceived "nowness." Poorer outcome, i.e., a smaller reduction in residual gain scores for intrusion frequency with reliving, was associated with greater initial PTSD severity, greater anger, greater perceived "nowness" of intrusive memories, and more negative interpretations of PTSD symptoms. The patient's anxiety, depression, self-blame, and dissociation were not predictive of response to reliving.
Predictive and Prognostic Value of CA 19-9 in Resected Pancreatic Adenocarcinoma

Preoperative serum values of CA 19-9 have been reported to be associated with survival in patients undergoing resection of pancreatic adenocarcinoma. Preoperative CA 19-9 levels are associated with margin and/or lymph node status in patients undergoing pancreatoduodenectomy for pancreatic carcinoma. We conducted a review of 143 patients undergoing pancreatoduodenectomy for pancreatic adenocarcinoma from July 2001 through April 2006 at our institution. Preoperative serum values of CA 19-9 and total bilirubin, pathologic findings, and survival were analyzed. A cutoff value for CA 19-9 (120 U/ml) was determined using a Cox proportional hazards model for survival. Overall survival at 1, 3, and 5 years for patients with CA 19-9 ≤ 120 U/ml was 76%, 41%, and 31%, respectively, versus 64%, 17%, and 10% for patients with CA 19-9 > 120 U/ml (p = 0.002). CA 19-9 > 120 U/ml was not associated, however, with a greater chance of an R1 or R2 resection (p = 0.86), tumor involving the SMA margin (p = 0.88), tumor at the portal vein groove (p = 0.14), or lymph node metastases (p = 0.89). Our findings do not support a cutoff value for CA 19-9 that is associated with margin or lymph node involvement. Preoperative CA 19-9 ≤ 120 U/ml is, however, associated with increased overall and recurrence-free survival.
Modelling and forecasting noisy realized volatility

This paper focuses on the selection and comparison of alternative non-nested volatility models. We review the traditional in-sample methods commonly applied in the volatility framework, namely diagnostic checking procedures, information criteria, and conditions for the existence of moments and asymptotic theory, as well as the out-of-sample model selection approaches, such as mean squared error and Model Confidence Set approaches. The paper develops some innovative loss functions which are based on Value-at-Risk forecasts. Finally, we present an empirical application based on simple univariate volatility models, namely GARCH, GJR, EGARCH, and Stochastic Volatility that are widely used to capture asymmetry and leverage.
Different approaches to convert speech into sign language

The language of deaf and dumb which uses body parts to convey the message is known as sign language. Here, we are doing a study to convert speech into sign language used for conversation. In this area we have many developed method to recognize alphabets and numerals of ISL (Indian sign language). There are various approaches for recognition of ISL and we have done a comparative studies between them [1].
The VoltDB Main Memory DBMS

This paper describes the VoltDB DBMS as it exists in mid 2013. The focus is on design decisions, especially in concurrency control and high availability, as well as on the application areas where the system has found acceptance. Run-time performance numbers are also included.
Effect of intensive outpatient physical training on gait performance and cardiovascular health in people with hemiparesis after stroke.

BACKGROUND
Stroke can result in severe motor deficits, and many people who have survived a stroke have poor cardiovascular fitness, with potentially disabling effects on daily life.


OBJECTIVE
The objective of this study was to evaluate the impact of intensive physical training on gait performance and cardiovascular health parameters in people with stroke in the chronic stage.


DESIGN
This was a single-group, pretest-posttest experimental study.


METHODS
Fourteen people with hemiparesis after cerebrovascular injury (mean age=58.4 years, mean time since injury=25 months) participated in a 12-week training intervention, 5 times per week for 1.5 hours per session. The intervention consisted of high-intensity, body-weight-supported treadmill training; progressive resistance strength training; and aerobic exercise. The main outcome measures were gait performance (Six-Minute Walk Test, 10-Meter Walk Test, and aerobic capacity) and parameters of cardiovascular health (systolic and diastolic blood pressures, body mass index, and resting heart rate).


RESULTS
Significant improvements in all main outcome parameters were observed in response to the intervention. Gait speed during the Six-Minute Walk Test increased 62%, and systolic and diastolic blood pressures decreased 10% and 11%, respectively. Weekly testing of walking speed showed that most of the increase in the walking speed occurred in the first 8 weeks of training. Correlation analyses showed that improvements were unrelated to age, chronicity, or level of functioning.


CONCLUSIONS
High-intensity physical training for people with stroke in the chronic stage increased walking speed regardless of chronicity, age, or level of functioning. Further studies should investigate the intervention duration needed to reach the full potential of gait recovery.
Association between adiposity and cognitive function in young men: Hormonal mechanisms.

OBJECTIVE
To determine the association between adiposity, hormones, and cognition in young men with abdominal obesity.


METHODS
In this cross-sectional observational study, 53 nondiabetic men with abdominal obesity (mean body mass index, 37.3 kg/m(2) ; age, 22-45 years) and normal intelligence underwent detailed measures of body composition, hormonal profiles, and cognition. Age- and education-adjusted performance in five cognitive domains was examined.


RESULTS
Total fat percentage was negatively associated with visuospatial skills (P = 0.002) and visual memory (P = 0.012). Insulin resistance (homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance) was also negatively associated with these domains (P = 0.05 and trend, P = 0.06, respectively). Total testosterone levels were negatively associated with executive function and verbal learning and memory (P = 0.04 for each), but free testosterone was not. Sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG) was also inversely associated with performance in these domains (P = 0.015 and trend, P = 0.09, respectively). In a stepwise regression model including percentage fat, homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance, SHBG, and free testosterone, SHBG was the only variable selected for executive function (P = 0.05) and showed a trend for verbal learning and memory (P = 0.09).


CONCLUSIONS
Adiposity and insulin resistance were associated with worse function in visual domains. An unexpected negative association is reported between SHBG and cognitive measures, which seemed to be independent of free testosterone levels.
Comparison of Elastic Resistance Band Exercises and Yoga in Physiotherapy Students with Chronic Non-Specific Low Back Pain: A Randomized Clinical Trial

Low back pain (LBP) is a problem worldwide with a lifetime prevalence reported to be as high as 84%. The lifetime prevalence of low back pain is reported to be as high as 84%, and the prevalence of chronic low back pain is about 23%, with 11–12% of the population being disabled by low back pain [1]. LBP is defined as pain experienced between the twelfth rib and the inferior gluteal fold, with or without associated leg pain [2]. Based on the etiology LBP is classified as Specific Low Back Pain and Non-specific Low Back Pain. Of all the LBP patients 10% are attributed to Specific and 90% are attributed to NonSpecific Low Back Pain (NSLBP) [3]. Specific LBP are those back pains which have specific etiology causes like Sponylolisthesis, Spondylosis, Ankylosing Spondylitis, Prolapsed disc etc.
To Detect, Locate, and Mask Hardware Trojans in digital circuits by reverse engineering and functional ECO

During the EDA process, a design may be tampered directly by dishonest engineers (or “industry spy”), or may be tampered indirectly through the use of malicious modules from a third party Intellectual Property (3PIP) block vendor. During integration and fabrication, the chips may also be tampered by untrusted system integrator or even foundry. Particularly for high-end commercial or classified military chips, Hardware Trojan (HT) Detect-Locate-and-Mask (DL&M) is crucially necessary so as to make sure a design is produced exactly as the original specification (golden). Our objectives are (1) to detect any functionality difference which might be caused by bugs or HTs, (2) to locate/output the difference circuitry to correct the bugs or to investigate the tampering intention or purpose, and (3) to “kill” (mask) the HTs by restoring the chip's functionality back to golden with a minimum circuitry change. Besides blocking the plotted damage in an early stage and pointing the spy source by revealing the HT intention, the masking circuit revision must also be minimized to avoid affecting the chip performance (timing) too much. In this paper, we propose a scheme that integrates reverse engineering, formal verification, functional ECO, and logic rewiring to detect, locate and mask Hardware Trojans with minimized cost. This formal verification based scheme can guarantee catching 100% of the hidden combinational circuit HTs and can handle multiple HTs (no number limit) automatically in one run. Some techniques within our scheme won the first places of the CAD Contests at ICCAD 2012, 2013, and 2014 [1-3].
On the Energy Detection of Unknown Signals Over Fading Channels

This letter addresses the problem of energy detection of an unknown signal over a multipath channel. It starts with the no-diversity case, and presents some alternative closed-form expressions for the probability of detection to those recently reported in the literature. Detection capability is boosted by implementing both square-law combining and square-law selection diversity schemes
Effects of bilateral posteroventral pallidotomy on gait of subjects with Parkinson disease.

BACKGROUND
Most studies documenting the effect of pallidotomy on parkinsonian gait have reported unilateral surgery and used qualitative scales or timed tests that only provide measures of walking speed.


OBJECTIVE
To document the effect of bilateral posteroventral pallidotomy on the walking patterns of patients with Parkinson disease (PD).


DESIGN
Case series of gait evaluations performed 1 month before and 1 month after surgery, with antiparkinson medication withheld for 8 hours overnight.


SETTING
Movement analysis laboratory of a clinical research center.


PATIENTS
Consecutive sample of 8 men and 3 women with a diagnosis of PD scheduled for bilateral pallidotomy.


INTERVENTION
Bilateral posteroventral pallidotomy.


MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES
A 3-dimensional motion-capture system allowed calculation of temporal and spatial measurements and joint angular displacements of the lower extremities and trunk during gait.


RESULTS
Pallidotomy significantly increased average walking speed from 0.214 statures/s preoperatively to 0.440 statures/s postoperatively (where stature indicates body height) (P = .03). A faster postoperative walking speed was achieved almost exclusively by increasing average stride length from 0.24 to 0.47 statures (P = .03) rather than changing average gait cycle time (1.32 to 1.37 seconds; P = .08). A forward stepwise multiple regression analysis (P<.001) revealed that 96% of the change in stride length postoperatively could be explained by the combination of changes in foot-floor angle, knee, and hip excursion during gait.


CONCLUSIONS
Bilateral posteroventral pallidotomy was associated with a 2-fold increase in walking speed. Previous studies have demonstrated that walking speed is an important indicator of locomotor performance and level of disability in patients with PD, so the increase in postoperative walking speed likely provided a functional benefit.