LLukas22/scidocs huggingface dataset:
Conversion of Jatropha curcas Oil to Ester Biolubricant Using Solid Catalyst Derived from Saltwater Clam Shell Waste ( SCSW ) T

The discarded clam shell waste, fossil and edible oil as biolubricant feedstocks create environmental impacts and food chain dilemma, thus this work aims to circumvent these issues by using activated saltwater clam shell waste (SCSW) as solid catalyst for conversion of Jatropha curcas oil as non-edible sources to ester biolubricant. The characterization of solid catalyst was done by Differential Thermal Analysis-Thermo Gravimetric Analysis (DTATGA), X-Ray Fluorescence (XRF), X-Ray Diffraction (XRD), Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET), Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (FESEM) and Fourier Transformed Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) analysis. The calcined catalyst was used in the transesterification of Jatropha oil to methyl ester as the first step, and the second stage was involved the reaction of Jatropha methyl ester (JME) with trimethylolpropane (TMP) based on the various process parameters. The formated biolubricant was analyzed using the capillary column (DB-5HT) equipped Gas Chromatography (GC). The conversion results of Jatropha oil to ester biolubricant can be found nearly 96.66%, and the maximum distribution composition mainly contains 72.3% of triester (TE). Keywords—Conversion, ester biolubricant, Jatropha curcas oil, solid catalyst.
Effect of low-threshold methadone maintenance therapy for people who inject drugs on HIV incidence in Vancouver, BC, Canada: an observational cohort study.

BACKGROUND
HIV infection in people who inject drugs (PWID) is an international public health concern. We aimed to assess the effect of methadone maintenance therapy on HIV incidence in PWID in Vancouver, BC, Canada, where methadone is widely available through family physicians' offices and dispensed by community pharmacies.


METHODS
Data were derived from the Vancouver Injection Drug Users Study (VIDUS), a prospective cohort of PWID in Vancouver. Individuals were eligible to enrol in VIDUS if they had injected illicit drugs at least once in the previous month and lived in the Greater Vancouver region. Participants responded to an interviewer-administered questionnaire and provided blood samples at enrolment and follow-up visits every 6 months. We estimated time to HIV seroconversion with Kaplan-Meier methods and used Cox proportional hazards methods to assess associations between methadone use and time to seroconversion.


FINDINGS
1639 HIV-negative individuals were recruited between May 1, 1996, and May 31, 2013. Of these individuals, 138 had HIV seroconversion during a median of 75·5 months (IQR 33·4-115·3) of follow-up. In multivariate Cox regression analyses, methadone maintenance therapy remained independently associated with a reduced hazard of HIV infection after adjustment for sociodemographic characteristics and drug use patterns (adjusted relative hazard 0·64, 95% CI 0·41-0·98).


INTERPRETATION
Methadone maintenance therapy for PWID made available through primary care physicians and community pharmacies can help to achieve public health goals such as reducing the spread of HIV.


FUNDING
US National Institutes of Health, Canada Research Chair, Canadian Institutes of Health Research.
From the Guest Editors - Industrial robotics applications and industry-academia cooperation in Europe

This special issue is about manufacturing robotics in Europe. Manufacturing has a strong basis in Europe, especially for small industries that quite dynamically carry out an important part of the total manufacturing effort in response to changing product requirements. To meet a wide variety of demands on efficiency and flexibility, a combination of automation systems and human labor must be used. Robots should be considered as coworkers, working in close cooperation with humans. Advances in the use of robots in actual industrial setups calls for real partnership work between academia and industry. Research and development (R&D) on manufacturing requires a systems perspective with domain knowledge, system integrators, and research actors, making it different from most academic research. Consequently, the need for industrial thinking within research in academia is very important. The obvious discrepancy between the state of the art in robotics research versus actual utilized technology deserves attention in different ways. If we want to promote direct contact between researchers (who usually write papers) and industrial engineers (who normally do not read papers), then results have to be put in a true industrial perspective. Packaging results (e.g., in useful software), building prototypes, and carrying out collaboration projects are some means to this end. Furthermore, in almost any real industrial application, there are key aspects that academic research wishes to neglect (possibly for good reasons) but may have to address to achieve results that are within a sufficient industrial perspective. An interesting trend that we think can be seen in the articles of this issue, is that industrial systems actually are getting more and more useful for applied but advanced robotics research. Many of the research results of some 20 years ago are now used inside highly optimized motion controllers, but to meet the demands on interaction and flexibility, the industrially useful systems (that in practice never will be developed in academia) need to be extendable with additional sensing, control, and interaction. Industry and academia meet both in persons and in systems. Just as the robot is the most flexible type of machine, the small- and medium-sized enterprise (SME) is the most flexible type of company. Manufacturing is facing a major new challenge: the use of robotics in SMEs. Europe is characterized by a long tradition of manufacturing products with a significant knowledge component, i.e., products that integrate significant domain knowledge to achieve a competitive price and quality. Furthermore, the European economy depends heavily on SMEs. The Observatory of European SMEs 2002 (published in
Mapping of DSP Algorithms on the MONTIUM Architecture

In battery operated mobile devices there is a growing need for flexible high-performance architectures due to the limited amount of available energy and the increasing demand of processing power. Course grained reconfigurable architectures could be the key to more energy-efficient, yet programmable systems. In this paper a course-grained reconfigurable architecture, called MONTIUM 1 , is presented. Several mappings of commonly used digital signal processing algorithms are shown to demonstrate the flexibility of this architecture.
Is cognitive-behavioural therapy more effective than relaxation therapy in the treatment of anxiety disorders? A meta-analysis.

BACKGROUND
It is not clear whether relaxation therapies are more or less effective than cognitive and behavioural therapies in the treatment of anxiety. The aims of the present study were to examine the effects of relaxation techniques compared to cognitive and behavioural therapies in reducing anxiety symptoms, and whether they have comparable efficacy across disorders.


METHOD
We conducted a meta-analysis of 50 studies (2801 patients) comparing relaxation training with cognitive and behavioural treatments of anxiety.


RESULTS
The overall effect size (ES) across all anxiety outcomes, with only one combined ES in each study, was g = -0.27 [95% confidence interval (CI) = -0.41 to -0.13], favouring cognitive and behavioural therapies (number needed to treat = 6.61). However, no significant difference between relaxation and cognitive and behavioural therapies was found for generalized anxiety disorder, panic disorder, social anxiety disorder and specific phobias (considering social anxiety and specific phobias separately). Heterogeneity was moderate (I2 = 52; 95% CI = 33-65). The ES was significantly associated with age (p < 0.001), hours of cognitive and/or behavioural therapy (p = 0.015), quality of intervention (p = 0.007), relaxation treatment format (p < 0.001) and type of disorder (p = 0.008), explaining an 82% of variance.


CONCLUSIONS
Relaxation seems to be less effective than cognitive and behavioural therapies in the treatment of post-traumatic stress disorder, and obsessive-compulsive disorder and it might also be less effective at 1-year follow-up for panic, but there is no evidence that it is less effective for other anxiety disorders.
Association Rule Hiding by Heuristic Approach to Reduce Side Effects and Hide Multiple R. H. S. Items

Association rule mining is a powerful model of data mining used for finding hidden patterns in large databases. One of the great challenges of data mining is to protect the confidentiality of sensitive patterns when releasing database to third parties. Association rule hiding algorithms sanitize database such that certain sensitive association rules cannot be discovered through association rule mining techniques. In this study, we propose two algorithms, ADSRRC (Advanced Decrease Support of R. H. S. items of Rule Cluster) and RRLR (Remove and Reinsert L. H. S. of Rule), for hiding sensitive association rules. Both algorithms are developed to overcome limitations of existing rule hiding algorithm DSRRC (Decrease Support of R. H. S. items of Rule Cluster). Algorithm ADSRRC overcomes limitation of multiple sorting in database as well as it selects transaction to be modified based on different criteria than DSRRC algorithm. Algorithm RRLR overcomes limitation of hiding rules having multiple R. H. S. items. Experimental results show that both proposed algorithms outperform DSRRC in terms of side effects generated and data quality in most cases.
Development of Face Robot for Emotional Communication between Human and Robot

The purpose of this study is to develop the interactive communication system that communicate with human beings emotionally such as a human-friendly robot in an environment where human and robot coexist. The face and its expressions are crucial for communication, so we have been developing a face robot using McKibben type pneumatic actuator to display facial expressions. And it has a human-like face and can express facial expressions similar to human beings. In this study, we show the development of the new type face robot and new head motion mechanism. Then we show how to build the face robot, and show the improvement of action unit's (AU's) movements against former face robot. We also show basic ability for expressing facial expressions. In addition, we describe how to develop the new neck mechanism for realizing human-like head motion. Then we show humanity of nod by the new neck mechanism
Parents of Children With Mental Illness: Exploring the Caregiver Experience and Caregiver-Focused Interventions

Mental illness in children affects more than just the children—it impacts the entire family. Parents become both caregivers, managing the fluctuating moods and behaviors of their children, and case managers, coordinating the services needed by their children. Parent caregivers of children with mental illness struggle to meet the needs of their entire family by balancing the needs of their child, other family members, and themselves. They may face challenges such as financial burden, sibling rivalry, stigma, self-doubt and blame, marital stress, and difficulty accessing services, in addition to dealing with the symptoms their child is experiencing (Commonwealth Institute, 1999). Family caregivers have been described as stressed, with the potential of having more problems than the persons for whom they care (Lefley, 1997). Family involvement in mental health treatment and service can empower parents to more successfully manage their children’s illness and to be educated advocates for their own children and for others, leading to more positive outcomes for the entire family. Children of caregivers who perceived themselves as competent and knowledgeable in one study functioned better than children of caregivers who felt less empowered (resendez, Quist, & Matshazi, 2000). Despite the impact mental illness can have on the entire family, many therapeutic approaches do not recognize or address the strengths and needs of the parents or whole family. Families not only struggle with the symptoms and impairment of their child’s mental illness but also struggle to get appropriate services from treatment providers (MackinawKoons & Fristad, 2004). A review of intervention studies for children and adolescents suffering with depression found that only 3 of 14 of the interventions studied included a family component (Kaslow & Thompson, 1998). The focus has been primarily on the impact mental illness can have on children’s functioning in areas such as home, school, and peers, and less literature focuses on how mental illness in children impacts the functioning of those closest to them such as their parents and siblings. This article reviews the literature on the biopsychosocial impact of mental illness in children on their parents who are acting as caregivers. The review describes the impact of the caregiver experience on various spheres of life, including mental and physical health, work, and social and family relationships, and summarizes the predictors of the presence and nature of caregiver strain as found in previous research. To conclude, the authors describe some of the available parentfocused interventions and supporting research for use with families of children with mental illness.
Understanding metonymies in discourse

We propose a new computational model for the resolution of metonymies, a particular type of figurative language. Typically, metonymies are considered as a violation of semantic constraints (e.g., those expressed by selectional restrictions) that require some repair mechanism (e.g., type coercion) for proper interpretation. We reject this view, arguing that it misses out on the interpretation of a considerable number of utterances. Instead, we treat literal and figurative language on a par, by computing both kinds of interpretation independently from each other as long as their semantic representation structures are consistent with the underlying knowledge representation structures of the domain of discourse. The following general heuristic principles apply for making reasonable selections from the emerging readings. We argue that the embedding of utterances in a coherent discourse context is as important for recognizing and interpreting metonymic utterances as intrasentential semantic constraints. Therefore, in our approach, (metonymic or literal) interpretations that establish referential cohesion are preferred over ones that do not. In addition, metonymic interpretations that conform to a metonymy schema are preferred over metonymic ones that do not, and metonymic interpretations that are in conformance with knowledge-based aptness conditions are preferred over metonymic ones that are not. We lend further credit to our model by discussing empirical data from an evaluation study which highlights the importance of the discourse embedding of metonymy interpretation for both anaphora and metonymy resolution.  2001 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.
A New Single Ended Fault Location algorithm for Combined Transmission Line Considering Fault Clearing Transients without Using Line Parameters

This paper presents a new single ended fault location method for underground cable combined with overhead line that uses fault clearing transients instead of fault-generated transients without utilizing line parameters. Applying wavelet transform on voltage samples taken from the sending end of the cable, first, second and third inceptions of traveling waves to the fault locator are detected and faulty section is determined. Then, exact location of fault is calculated. Single-ended algorithm, does not need to the communication system and GPS. Accuracy of algorithm is not affected by aging, climate and temperature variations, which change the wave speed. Fault resistance, fault inception angle and fault distance does not affect accuracy of algorithm. Extensive simulations carried out using SimPowerSystem toolbox of MATLAB software, confirm the capabilities and high accuracy of the proposed method to find the location of fault under different system and fault conditions.
High-frequency stimulation of the atria increases early recurrence following pulmonary vein isolation in patients with persistent atrial fibrillation.

BACKGROUND
High-frequency stimulation (HFS) of the atria induces atrial fibrillation (AF) when applied during sinus rhythm and elicits a parasympathetic response when delivered at sites where ganglionated plexi (GPs) are located. However, little is known about its impact after an electrophysiological study.


OBJECTIVE
To evaluate the impact of HFS on the short-term and long-term outcomes after the ablation of persistent AF.


METHODS
Thirty consecutive patients with persistent or long-standing persistent AF were randomly assigned to either receive HFS of the left atrium (n = 15) or not (n = 15) during their electrophysiological studies. Patients receiving HFS were examined to determine whether or not a vagal response was elicited by the HFS at sites where GPs were located before and after conventional pulmonary vein isolation without any ablation targeting the GPs. Patients not receiving the HFS underwent the ablation procedure alone. The rate of recurrence of AF within 3 months of the procedure (early recurrence [ER]) and the frequency of that occurring after that period (late recurrence) were compared between the patient groups.


RESULTS
The incidence of ER occurred more frequently in patients with HFS than in those without (80% vs 40%; P = .015), whereas the occurrence of late recurrence was similar between the 2 groups (27% vs 33%; P = .73). In the HFS group, the number of GPs decreased from 3.4 ± 1.1 to 1.5 ± 0.8 after the pulmonary vein isolation (P < .0001), and the decrease was smaller in the patients experiencing ER than in those without.


CONCLUSION
HFS increases the incidence of ER in patients with persistent AF despite a partial GP modification resulting from the pulmonary vein isolation.
Drowsy driver detection system using eye blink patterns

This paper presents an automatic drowsy driver monitoring and accident prevention system that is based on monitoring the changes in the eye blink duration. Our proposed method detects visual changes in eye locations using the proposed horizontal symmetry feature of the eyes. Our new method detects eye blinks via a standard webcam in real-time at 110fps for a 320×240 resolution. Experimental results in the JZU [3] eye-blink database showed that the proposed system detects eye blinks with a 94% accuracy with a 1% false positive rate.
Examining the Perceived Credibility of Online Opinions: Information Adoption in the Online Environment

The Internet has revolutionized the way people and consumers share and acquire knowledge. Web-based technologies have created numerous opportunities for electronic word-of-mouth (eWOM) communication and online interpersonal influence. This phenomenon impacts online retailers as this easily accessible information could greatly affect the online consumption decision. It is worthwhile to examine the extent to which opinion seekers are willing to accept and adopt online comments and which factors encourage adoption. This research investigates the factors affecting information adoption of online opinion seekers in online forums, based on the information adoption model. The model is then tested quantitatively by using a sample of 154 users who have experience within the online community, Openrice.com. Users were required to complete a survey regarding comments taken from the virtual sharing platform. The data reflected several elements that determined users' adoption level. The results provide support to the research model. Implications for both researchers and practitioners are provided.
Providing open access to PhD theses: visibility and citation benefits

Purpose – The main purpose of this paper is to report the benefits of scientific communication model of open access repositories to e-theses. Specifically, the study focuses on benefits as accessibility, dissemination, visibility and impact of PhD etheses deposited in repositories. Design/methodology/approach – The study analysed a random sample of 125 PhD e-theses deposited in an open access repository, specifically in the institutional repository of the University of Salamanca (Gredos). It tracked the sample for analysing on one side the visits and downloads of the e-theses, whose data are obtained from the statistics module of the repository, and otherwise for analysing the data citation provided by Google Scholar Citation on these e-theses. To analyse the differences between the indicators (visits, downloads and citations) in different knowledge areas, the Kurskall-Wallis test has been used. Findings – The results indicate that Open Access institutional repositories become an advantageous channel of scientific communication to grey literature like dissertations and PhD theses, because it increases visibility and use and also it produces a rate of citation. Originality/value – In this paper it uses metrics are used in institutional repository to measure the visibility and impact of a type of grey literature that is very difficult to track because it is unpublished. The dissemination of the grey literature through open access repositories makes it possible. The value of the work lies in the empirical evidence obtained from analysed PhD e-theses of Gredos repository.
Coaching Shared Mental Models in Soccer: A Longitudinal Case Study

This study was aimed at capturing the components comprising shared mental models (SMM) and the training methods used to address SMM in one athletic program context. To meet this aim, two soccer coaches from the same collegiate program were interviewed and observed extensively during practices and games throughout the 2009–2010 season. In addition, documents (e.g., players’ positioning on free kicks sheet) from the soccer program were reviewed. The data were analyzed inductively through a thematic analysis to develop models that operationalize SMM through its components, and training. Game intelligence and game philosophy were the two main operational themes defining SMM. Moreover, four themes emerged for SMM training: (a) the setting, (b) compensatory communication, (c) reinforcement, and (d) instruction. SMM was embedded within a more comprehensive conceptual framework of team chemistry, including emotional, social, and cognitive dimensions. Implications of these conceptual frameworks are considered for sport psychologists and coaches.