LLukas22/scidocs huggingface dataset:
A Novel High Step-up Converter With a Quasi-active Switched-Inductor Structure for Renewable Energy Systems

A novel high step-up dc-dc converter with a quasi-active switched-inductor structure for a renewable energy system is presented in this paper. The proposed converter is composed of two coupled inductors which can be integrated into one magnetic core, two capacitors, two active switches, and three diodes. The primary sides of coupled inductors are charged in parallel by the input source, and the secondary sides of coupled inductors are discharged in series with the input source and two capacitors to achieve high step-up voltage gain with an appropriate duty ratio. The two sets of diode-capacitor circuits not only help to lift the voltage conversion gain but also alleviate voltage spike affected by the leakage inductance to limit the voltage stress across the power switch effectively. Therefore, the two low on-state resistance switches can be adopted to reduce conduction loss. Furthermore, the two diodes have no reverse-recovery problem due to turn off naturally, the reverse-recovery problem of the output diode is also alleviated by the leakage inductor and lower part count is needed; therefore, the power conversion efficiency can be further improved. The operating principles and steady-state analyses are discussed in detail; then, the performance of the proposed converter is compared with existing converters. Finally, a prototype is established in the laboratory, and the experimental results are given to verify the correctness of the analysis.
Care delivery and outcomes among Belgian children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes

We aimed to investigate care processes and outcomes among children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes treated in hospital-based multidisciplinary paediatric diabetes centres. Our retrospective cross-sectional study among 12 Belgian centres included data from 974 patients with type 1 diabetes, aged 0–18 years. Questionnaires were used to collect data on demographic and clinical characteristics, as well as process of care completion and outcomes of care in 2008. Most patients lived with both biological or adoption parents (77 %) and had at least one parent of Belgian origin (78 %). Nearly all patients (≥95 %) underwent determination of HbA1c and BMI. Screening for retinopathy (55 %) and microalbuminuria (73 %) was less frequent, but rates increased with age and diabetes duration. Median HbA1c was 61 mmol/mol (7.7 %) [interquartile range 54–68 mmol/mol (7.1–8.4 %)] and increased with age and insulin dose. HbA1c was higher among patients on insulin pump therapy. Median HbA1c significantly differed between centres [from 56 mmol/mol (7.3 %) to 66 mmol/mol (8.2 %)]. Incidence of severe hypoglycaemia was 30 per 100 patient-years. Admissions for ketoacidosis had a rate of 3.2 per 100 patient-years. Patients not living with both biological or adoption parents had higher HbA1c and more admissions for ketoacidosis. Parents' country of origin was not associated with processes and outcomes of care. Conclusion: Outcomes of care ranked well compared to other European countries, while complication screening rates were intermediate. The observed centre variation in HbA1c remained unexplained. Outcomes were associated with family structure, highlighting the continuing need for strategies to cope with this emerging challenge.
Posttreatment PET-CT-Confirmed Intrahepatic Radioembolization Performed Without Coil Embolization, by Using the Antireflux Surefire Infusion System

Intra-arterial radioembolization with yttrium-90 microspheres is a safe and effective treatment option for patients with unresectable liver tumors. Pretreatment coil embolization of extrahepatic vessels is recommended to avoid extrahepatic deposition of radioactive microspheres. A novel infusion system with an expandable tip, the Surefire Infusion System (SIS), has recently been developed to minimize reflux. We report three cases of radioembolization with the use of the SIS. In all cases, yttrium-90 radioembolization was performed successfully without coil embolization of extrahepatic vessels. In all patients, positron emission tomography-computed tomography confirmed intrahepatic biodistribution of the microspheres in all targeted liver segments, and no extrahepatic deposition. With the use of the SIS, the need for coil embolization of extrahepatic vessels might be eliminated, and treatment may be extended to patients who were previously deemed unfit.
Towards a model of safety culture

Organisational culture is a concept often used to describe shared corporate values that aect and in ̄uence members' attitudes and behaviours. Safety culture is a sub-facet of organisational culture, which is thought to aect members' attitudes and behaviour in relation to an organisation's ongoing health and safety performance. However, the myriad of de®nitions of `organisational culture' and `safety culture' that abound in both the management and safety literature suggests that the concept of business-speci®c cultures is not clear-cut. Placing such `culture' constructs into a goal-setting paradigm appears to provide greater clarity than has hitherto been the case. Moreover, as yet there is no universally accepted model with which to formulate testable hypotheses that take into account antecedents, behaviour(s) and consequence(s). A reciprocal model of safety culture drawn from Social Cognitive Theory (Bandura, 1986. Social Foundation of Thought and Action: A Social Cognitive Theory. Prentice Hall, Englewood Clis, NJ.) is oered so as to provide both a theoretical and practical framework with which to measure and analyse safety culture. Implications for future research to establish the model's utility and validity are addressed. # 2000 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.
Monolayer Single-Crystal 1T'-MoTe2 Grown by Chemical Vapor Deposition Exhibits Weak Antilocalization Effect.

Growth of transition metal dichalcogenide (TMD) monolayers is of interest due to their unique electrical and optical properties. Films in the 2H and 1T phases have been widely studied but monolayers of some 1T'-TMDs are predicted to be large-gap quantum spin Hall insulators, suitable for innovative transistor structures that can be switched via a topological phase transition rather than conventional carrier depletion [ Qian et al. Science 2014 , 346 , 1344 - 1347 ]. Here we detail a reproducible method for chemical vapor deposition of monolayer, single-crystal flakes of 1T'-MoTe2. Atomic force microscopy, Raman spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and transmission electron microscopy confirm the composition and structure of MoTe2 flakes. Variable temperature magnetotransport shows weak antilocalization at low temperatures, an effect seen in topological insulators and evidence of strong spin-orbit coupling. Our approach provides a pathway to systematic investigation of monolayer, single-crystal 1T'-MoTe2 and implementation in next-generation nanoelectronic devices.
Generalizing FFR by Flexible Sub-Band Allocation in OFDMA Networks with Irregular Cell Layout

Fractional Frequency Reuse (FFR) is one of the key concepts for enhancing cell-edge performance of OFDMA networks. Standard FFR allows one sub-band to be allocated for each cell. This limits the performance improvement of cell edge users, especially those bandwidth-sensitive users. With flexible sub-band allocation, cell edge can be allocated more than one sub-band, thereby performance can be improved largely. Furthermore, previous work on FFR has focused on networks of relatively small size and with standard hexagon- shaped cells.For real-life networks with a very irregular cell layout, these results are inadequate. In this paper, we present the idea of Flexible FFR (FFR-F) which allows more than one sub-band to be allocated to cell edges. Meanwhile, an optimization algorithm based on local search is present for FFR-F planning in large-scale networks with irregular cell layout. Sub-band allocation scheme which maximizes the cell-edge throughput can be found time efficiently. Results from networks with realistic radio propagation conditions show that FFR-F enables significant throughput improvement at cell edges. These results along with the analysis demonstrate the potential benefits of FFR-F and the proposed approach for planning of real-life OFDMA networks.
The Synthesis of Complex Audio Spectra by Means of Frequency Modulation

. INTRODUCTION Of interest in both acoustical re-search and electronic music is the synthesis of natural sound. For the researcher, it is the ultimate test of acoustical theory, while for the composer of electronic music it is an extraordinarily rich point of departure in the domain of timbre, or tone quality. The synthesis of natural sounds has been elusive; however, recent research in computer analysis and synthesis of some tones of musical instruments has yielded an insight which may prove to have general relevance in all natural sounds: the character of the temporal evolution of the spectral components is of critical importance in the determination of timbre. In natural sounds the amplitudes of the frequency components of the spectrum are time-variant, or dynamic. The energy of the components often evolves in complicated ways, in particular, during the attack and decay portions of the sound. The temporal evolution of the spectrum is in some cases easily followed as with bells, whereas in other cases not, because the evolution occurs in a very short time period, but it is nevertheless perceived and is an important cue in the recognition of timbre. Many natural sounds seem to have characteristic spectral evolutions that, in addition to providing their "signature," are largely responsible for what we judge to be their lively quality. In contrast, it is largely the fixed proportion spectrum of most synthesized sounds that so readily imparts to the listener the electronic cue and lifeless quality. The special application of the equation for frequency modulation, described below, allows the production of complex spectra with very great simplicity. The fact that the temporal evolution of the frequency components of the spectrum can be easily controlled is perhaps the most striking attribute of the technique, for dynamic spectra are achieved only with considerable difficulty using current techniques of synthesis. At the end of this paper some simulations of brass, woodwind, and percussive sounds are given. The importance of these simulations is as much in their elegance and simplicity as it is in their accuracy. This frequency modulation technique, although not a physical model for natural sound, is shown to be a very powerful perceptual model for at least some. FREQUENCY MODULATION Frequency modulation (FM) is well understood as applied in radio transmission, but the relevant equations have not been applied in any significant way to the generation of audio spectra where both the carrier and the modulating frequencies are in the audio band and the side frequencies form the spectrum directly. In FM, the instantaneous frequency of a carrier wave is varied according to a modulating wave, such that the rate at which the carrier varies is the frequency of the modulating wave, or modulating frequency. The amount the carrier varies around its average, or peak frequency deviation, is proportional to the amplitude of the modulating wave. The parameters of a frequency-modulated signal are
Efficient inkjet printing of graphene.

An efficient and mature inkjet printing technology is introduced for mass production of coffee-ring-free patterns of high-quality graphene at high resolution (unmarked scale bars are 100 μm). Typically, several passes of printing and a simple baking allow fabricating a variety of good-performance electronic devices, including transparent conductors, embedded resistors, thin film transistors, and micro-supercapacitors.
Probabilistic topic decomposition of an eighteenth-century American newspaper

vector space model for text data (Salton & McGill, 1983). In this model, each document in a corpus is represented by a term-frequency vector whose elements are the number of occurrences of each word in the vocabulary. Collectively, the set of these term-frequency vectors forms the document– word matrix representation of the corpus. All the methods we consider have this document–word matrix representation as the starting point. The classic information retrieval method, tf-idf (term-frequency inverse-document-frequency), is used in many search engines today. Despite tf-idf’s popularity, it does not handle synonymy and polysemy. Deerwester, Dumais, Furnas, Landauer, and Harshman (1990) devised Latent Semantic Analysis (LSA) to address this deficiency. Their method for detecting relevant documents based on words in queries improved upon simple word matching. Their association of words with documents (what they called semantic structure) moves us closer to the notion of topics. For example, LSA allows one to compute whether two documents are topically similar, even if the two documents do not have any words in common. There has been a huge increase in the number of historical primary sources available online.1 Yet there has been little work done on processing, modeling, or analyzing these recently-available corpora. Previous studies of historic document collections were limited by the number of items a researcher could analyze in a reasonable amount of time. For instance, Clark and Wetherell (1989) analyzed the Pennsylvania Gazette by sampling less than 10% of the total number of articles in just a 33 year period. Other authors analyzed a single category of a newspaper’s content, such as
PERFORMANCE AND EMISSIONS CHARACTERISTICS OF CRUDE JATROPHA OIL BIODIESEL BLENDS IN A DIESEL ENGINE

Biofuels based on vegetable oils offer the advantages of being sustainable, annually renewable sources of automobile fuel. Despite many years of improvement, use of vegetable-oil-based fuels still has issues, such as oxidation, the stoichiometric point, bio-fuel composition, antioxidants on degradation and the volume of oxygen compared to diesel. Thus, improvements in the emissions from diesel engines fueled by a blend of crude jatropha oil with diesel could be the requirement to meet the reduced emissions regulations in the future. The purpose of this study is to investigate the effects on the vehicle’s performance and exhaust emissions of the combustion process of blended crude jatropha oil and palm oil with different ratios. The engine speed was varied from 1500~3000 rpm, the load test condition was varied from 0~100% using a Dynapack chassis dynamometer and crude jatropha oil with a diesel blending ratio from 5~15vol% (CJO5~CJO15) was used. A decrease in HC emissions was found in the combustion process as the ratio of the blend of crude jatropha oil with diesel was increased and also with nearly equal engine performance. The increase in the jatropha oil biodiesel blending ratio promoted the reduction of HC, CO and CO2 emissions in the range 10vol% to 15vol% of the blends. The improvement in the combustion process with the higher blending ratio is expected to be strongly influenced by the oxygen contained in the blended crude jatropha oil.
A Class of Dynamic Memory Allocation Algorithms

A new dynamic memory allocation algorithm, the Fibonacci system, is introduced. This algorithm is similar to, but seems to have certain advantages over, the “buddy” system. A generalization is mentioned which includes both of these systems as special cases.
A New Mixed-Mode Biometrics Information Fusion Based-on Fingerprint, Hand-geometry and Palm-print

Using multimodal biometric systems that consolidate evidence from multiple biometric sources can remove such as noisy sensor data, no-universality problems. In this paper, fingerprint, palm-print and hand-geometry are combined for person identity verification. Unlike other multimodal biometric systems, three biometrics can be taken from the same image. Wavelet transform to extract the features from fingerprint and palm-print is used and hand-geometry feature (such as width and length) is extracted after the pre-processing phase. We employ feature fusion and much score fusion together to establish identity. The system was tested on a database of 98 persons. The test performance results indicate the possibility of the combination.
Multi-Method Analysis of MRI Images in Early Diagnostics of Alzheimer's Disease

The role of structural brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is becoming more and more emphasized in the early diagnostics of Alzheimer's disease (AD). This study aimed to assess the improvement in classification accuracy that can be achieved by combining features from different structural MRI analysis techniques. Automatically estimated MR features used are hippocampal volume, tensor-based morphometry, cortical thickness and a novel technique based on manifold learning. Baseline MRIs acquired from all 834 subjects (231 healthy controls (HC), 238 stable mild cognitive impairment (S-MCI), 167 MCI to AD progressors (P-MCI), 198 AD) from the Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative (ADNI) database were used for evaluation. We compared the classification accuracy achieved with linear discriminant analysis (LDA) and support vector machines (SVM). The best results achieved with individual features are 90% sensitivity and 84% specificity (HC/AD classification), 64%/66% (S-MCI/P-MCI) and 82%/76% (HC/P-MCI) with the LDA classifier. The combination of all features improved these results to 93% sensitivity and 85% specificity (HC/AD), 67%/69% (S-MCI/P-MCI) and 86%/82% (HC/P-MCI). Compared with previously published results in the ADNI database using individual MR-based features, the presented results show that a comprehensive analysis of MRI images combining multiple features improves classification accuracy and predictive power in detecting early AD. The most stable and reliable classification was achieved when combining all available features.
Secondary Load-Frequency Control for MicroGrids in Islanded Operation

The objective of this paper is to present novel control strategies for MicroGrid operation, especially in islanded mode. The control strategies involve mainly the coordination of secondary load-frequency control by a MicroGrid Central Controller that heads a hierarchical control system able to assure stable and secure operation when the islanding of the MicroGrid occurs and in load-following situations in islanded mode.
Application of building information modeling (BIM) to civil engineering projects

There are various draw backs in conventional method used for planning, scheduling & monitoring projects in Architecture, Engineering, and Construction (AEC)industry which fails to provide a clear view of the on-going actual work at the project site. Building Information Modeling (BIM) is Single file concept collaborating various database of the project at one platform. It is a data repository for building design, construction & maintenance information combined in one convenient model to share with all the stakeholders. 3D visualizations allow customers to see historic preservation & site context with respect to the new project. This paper focuses the perspective of a planning engineer with respect to Conventional method & B I M and gives a methodology to prepare a 4D simulated model of a Gr. (Stilt) + 16 Floor residential building taking 4 dimension as time. Keywords—AEC Industry, Building Information Modeling, Conventional method, Data Repository
Natural history of hepatitis C in thalassemia major: a long-term prospective study.

BACKGROUND
Transfusion-acquired hepatitis C virus (HCV) remains an important problem among patients with thalassemia. In this study, we evaluated the natural history of post-transfusional hepatitis C in thalassemia major, paying special attention to spontaneous viral clearance, to factors influencing the chronicity rate and fibrosis progression.


DESIGN AND METHODS
A prospective study to evaluate the incidence and etiology of transfusion-related hepatitis was started in 1980. In patients who developed hepatitis C, HCV RNA, ALT, and ferritin were measured over time. The correlation between interleukin-28B gene polymorphisms and viral clearance was also analyzed.


RESULTS
Seventy-three of 135 patients (62.2%) acquired HCV. An extended follow-up (22 to 30 yr) with HCV RNA assessment was available in 52 patients. Of them, 23 (44.2%) cleared the virus. The proportion of IL-28B genotypes was different between the subjects who cleared the virus and the subjects who did not. Fibrosis progression was similar in HCV RNA-positive and HCV RNA-negative patients. Liver iron was the only factor associated with the fibrosis.


CONCLUSIONS
In thalassemia patients with HCV infection, liver iron does not play a major role in influencing the chronicity rate, whereas it is significantly associated with the fibrosis.
Attenuation of early and late phase allergen-induced bronchoconstriction in asthmatic subjects by a 5-lipoxygenase activating protein antagonist, BAYx 1005.

BACKGROUND
The cysteinyl leukotrienes (LTC4, LTD4 and LTE4) have been implicated in the pathogenesis of allergen-induced airway responses. The effects of pretreatment with BAYx 1005, an inhibitor of leukotriene biosynthesis via antagonism of 5-lipoxygenase activating protein, on allergen-induced early and late asthmatic responses has been evaluated.


METHODS
Eight atopic subjects with mild asthma participated in a two period, double blind, placebo controlled, cross-over trial. Subjects were selected on the basis of a forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1) of > 70% predicted, a methacholine provocative concentration causing a 20% fall in FEV1 (PC20) of < 32 mg/ ml, a documented allergen-induced early response (EAR, > 15% fall in FEV1 0-1 hour after allergen inhalation) and late response (LAR, > 15% fall in FEV1 3-7 hours after allergen inhalation), and allergen-induced airway hyperresponsiveness (at least a doubling dose reduction in the methacholine PC20 30 hours after allergen inhalation). During the treatment periods subjects received BAYx 1005 (500 mg twice daily) or placebo for 3.5 days; treatment periods were separated by at least two weeks. On the third day of treatment, two hours after administration of medication, subjects performed an allergen inhalation challenge and FEV1 was measured for seven hours.


RESULTS
Treatment with BAYx 1005 attenuated the magnitude of both the allergen-induced early and late asthmatic responses. The mean (SE) maximal fall in FEV1 during the EAR was 26.6 (3.3)% during placebo treatment and 11.4 (3.3)% during treatment with BAYx 1005 (mean difference 15.2 (95% confidence interval (CI) 9.4 to 21.00) with a mean protection afforded by BAYx 1005 of 57.1%. The mean (SE) maximal fall in FEV1 during the LAR was 19.8 (5.7)% during placebo treatment and 10.7 (4.4)% during BAYx 1005 treatment (mean difference 9.2 (95% CI 1.4 to 17.0) with a mean protection afforded by BAYx 1005 of 46.0%. The area under the time response curve (AUC0-3) was also reduced after treatment with BAYx 1005 compared with placebo by 86.5%.h (mean difference 26.3 (95% CI 17.1 to 38.5)) and the AUC3-7 by 59.6%.h (mean difference 26.9 (95% CI-3.8 to 57.6)).


CONCLUSIONS
These results show that antagonism of 5-lipoxygenase activating protein can attenuate allergen-induced bronchoconstrictor responses and support an important role for the cysteinyl leukotrienes in mediating these asthmatic responses.