LLukas22/scidocs huggingface dataset:
Buying or browsing ? An exploration of shopping orientations and online purchase intention

Consumer selection of retail patronage mode has been widely researched by marketing scholars. Several researchers have segmented consumers by shopping orientation. However, few have applied such methods to the Internet shopper. Despite the widespread belief that Internet shoppers are primarily motivated by convenience, the authors show empirically that consumers’ fundamental shopping orientations have no signi®cant impact on their proclivity to purchase products online. Factors that are more likely to in ̄uence purchase intention include product type, prior purchase, and, to a lesser extent, gender. Literature examining electronic commerce tends either to discuss the size and potential of the phenomenon or to indicate problems associated with it. For example, Forrester Research recently reported that worldwide Internet commerce ± both business to business (B2B) and both business to customer (B2C) ± would reach $6.8 trillion in 2004. At the same time, reports of business failures are increasing, as it is evident that the corporate sector is not satis®ed with Internet performance (Wolff, 1998). Despite these two apparently contradictory positions, many observers note an absence of research into consumer motivation to purchase via the Internet and other aspects of consumer behaviour with regard to the medium (Donthu and Garcia, 1999; Hagel and Armstrong, 1997; Korgaonkar and Wolin, 1999). Literature falls into two categories: usage ± by which we mean rate, purpose or quantity bought ± and advertising response (McDonald, 1993). Common to these two streams is the a ̄owo research of Hoffman and Novak (1996) which suggests that the Internet is a very different medium requiring new means of segmentation. The Emerald Research Register for this journal is available at The current issue and full text archive of this journal is available at http://www .emeraldinsight .com/researchregister http:// www.emeraldinsigh t.com/0309-056 6.htm Research funded by Grif®th University School of Marketing. EJM 37,11/12
Mental health in youth infected with and affected by HIV: the role of caregiver HIV.

OBJECTIVE
To examine the association of youth and caregiver HIV status, and other contextual and social regulation factors with youth mental health.


METHOD
Data were from two longitudinal studies of urban youth perinatally infected, affected, and unaffected by HIV (N = 545; 36% PHIV+ youth; 45.7% HIV+ caregivers). Youth mental health was measured using the Child Behavior Checklist, the Child Depression Inventory, and the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory for Children.


RESULTS
HIV+ youth reported elevated scores on the CDI compared with HIV- youth. HIV+ caregivers reported fewer symptoms and were less likely to report scores in the clinical range for their children on the CBCL compared with HIV- caregivers. Caregiver mental health and parent-child communication and involvement were also associated with youth mental health.


CONCLUSIONS
Youth who resided with HIV+ caregivers had better mental health. Future research needs to further explore the role of caregiver HIV infection in youth mental health. Understanding and building upon strengths of HIV-affected families may be an effective focus of interventions for this population.
AREPS and TEMPER - Getting Familiar with these Powerful Propagation Software Tools

AREPS and TEMPER are two powerful software tools developed by the government that allow the determination of radar coverage for real world propagation conditions. TEMPER was developed by the Applied Physics Laboratory (APL) and AREPS by the Space and Naval Warfare System command (SPAWAR) with mutual cooperation between the two. Both tools allow determination of coverage in ducted conditions and in the presence of sub-refraction and super-refraction. Both tools account for multi-path and take into account actual terrain height variations with range. When doing propagation over water both tools take into account surface roughness. This paper gives a discussion of each of these tools with the intention of providing the user with a better understanding of them and of how to use them.
Capabilities , Processes , and Performance of Knowledge Management : A Structural Approach

The purpose of this study is to examine structural relationships among the capabilities, processes, and performance of knowledge management, and suggest strategic directions for the successful implementation of knowledge management. To serve this purpose, the authors conducted an extensive survey of 68 knowledge management-adopting Korean firms in diverse industries and collected 215 questionnaires. Analyzing hypothesized structural relationships with the data collected, they found that there exists statistically significant relationships among knowledge management capabilities, processes, and performance. The empirical results of this study also support the wellknown strategic hypothesis of the balanced scorecard (BSC). © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Commonsense computing: using student sorting abilities to improve instruction

We examine students' commonsense understanding of computer science concepts before they receive any formal instruction in the field. For this study, we asked students on the first day of a CS1 class to describe in English how they would arrange a set of numbers in ascending, sorted order; we then repeated the experiment asking students to sort a list of dates (in mm/dd/yyyy format).We found that a majority of students described a coherent algorithm; some described versions of insertion or selection sort, but many gave unexpected algorithms. We also found significant differences between responses given for sorting numbers versus dates. Based on our analysis of the data we suggest that beginning-programming instructors more explicitly discuss data types, begin loop instruction with post-test loops, assist students in recognizing implicit conditional and iteration use in natural language solutions to probls, and recognize that novices and experts focus on different aspects of the probl in even basic probl solving tasks.
Wired Academia: Why Social Science Scholars Are Using Social Media

Social media websites are having a significant impact on how collaborative relationships are formed and information is disseminated throughout society. While there is a large body of literature devoted to the ways in which the general public is making use of social media, there is little research regarding how such trends are impacting scholarly practices. This paper presents the results of a study on how academics, primarily in social sciences, are adopting these new sites.
Modeling Multidimensional Databases

Multidimensional databases have recently gained widespread acceptance in the commercial world for supporting on-line analytical processing (OLAP) applications. We propose a hypercube-based data model and a few algebraic operations that provide semantic foundation to multidimensional databases and extend their current functionality. The distinguishing feature of the proposed model is the symmetric treatment not only of all dimensions but also measures. The model also is very exible in that it provides support for multiple hierarchies along each dimension and support for adhoc aggregates. The proposed operators are composable, reorderable, and closed in application. These operators are also minimal in the sense that none can be expressed in terms of others nor can any one be dropped without sacri cing functionality. They make possible the declarative speci cation and optimization of multidimensional database queries that are currently speci ed operationally. The operators have been designed to be translated to SQL and can be implemented either on top of a relational database system or within a special purpose multidimensional database engine. In e ect, they provide an algebraic application programming interface (API) that allows the separation of the frontend from the backend. Finally, the proposed model provides a framework in which to study multidimensional databases and opens several new research problems. Current Address: Oracle Corporation, Redwood City, California. Current Address: University of California, Berkeley, California.
Benchmarking face tracking

Face tracking is an active area of computer vision research and an important building block for many applications. However, opposed to face detection, there is no common benchmark data set to evaluate a tracker’s performance, making it hard to compare results between different approaches. In this challenge we propose a data set, annotation guidelines and a well defined evaluation protocol in order to facilitate the evaluation of face tracking systems in the future.
Topology optimization method for microstrips using boundary condition representation and adjoint analysis

This paper presents a structural optimization method for microstrip components based on topology optimization method. Topology optimization method optimizes structures via characteristic function that indicates the presence of materials at any point. In the proposed method, microstrips are modeled using an appropriate boundary condition of the utilized numerical methods. By controlling the parameter of the boundary condition locally, it is possible to represent any configuration in the given design domain. The optimization utilizes sensitivity information obtained through adjoint analysis. Thanks to the efficiency of the adjoint sensitivity method, the proposed method finds design solution within reasonable computational cost as compared to a variety of meta-heuristic methods. Numerical and experiment results are provided to illustrate our design approach.
Overview of Autonomous Vehicle Sensors and Systems

This paper will identify the application of various technologies that enable autonomous vehicles and also explain the advantages and disadvantages associated with each autonomous vehicle sensor. Specific sensors and systems may show favorable results, but various factors can affect their real-world use. For this reason, each system will be reviewed for an understanding of their practical application.
[Teeth whitening with 6% hydrogen peroxide vs. 35% hydrogen peroxide, a comparative controlled study].

INTRODUCTION
In light of the lately changes in regulations regarding teeth whitening in Europe, the use of 6% hydrogen peroxide using a dedicated device becomes the first choice treatment option. The purpose of this controlled, randomized, parallel, blinded six months prospective study was to compare this method of teeth whitening treatment with that of in-office method using 35% hydrogen peroxide.


MATERIALS AND METHODS
75 healthy american individuals, ages 18-62, participated in this study. The participants were divided into 3 groups: a 6% hydrogenperoxide group, a 35% hydrogen peroxide group and a placebo control group. Whitening procedures were performed on intact frontal teeth with color shade of A3 or higher. A controlled color measurement was performed before, immediately after, three and six months post treatment. Clinical periodontal indices, oral mucosa changes, side effects and participant satisfaction, were recorded.


RESULTS
In the 6% group, the change in color shades immediately after treatment, three and six months after treatment were 2.37, 2.17 and 1.95, respectively. Tooth color changes in 35% group immediately after completion of treatment, three and six months after treatment were 3.68, 2.60 and 1.70, respectively. Statistical significant differences were found in both treatment groups between the baseline color shade and the post treatment color shade. The results were stable three and six months after treatment. Statistically significant difference between the groups immediately after treatment (p < 0.0001). No statistically significant difference was found between the two groups three and six months after treatment (p > 0.5000). Side effects such as oral mucosa irritation, burns or sensitive teeth were mild and resolved without intervention. A high satisfaction level was recorded.


CONCLUSIONS
Tooth color shade can be substantially improved using a dedicated device with 6% hydrogen peroxide only. This whitening method can be helpful for the dentist in: home continuing treatment post in- office whitening specially in case with severe staining, maintenance of in-office whitening treatment outcomes or as an OTC home whitening procedure for patients with limmited budget.
Potential for electronic health records and online social networking to redefine medical research.

BACKGROUND
Recent legislation in the US requires that all medical records become electronic over the next decade. In addition, ongoing developments in patient-oriented care, most notably with the advent of health social networking and personal health records, provide a plethora of new information sources for research.


CONTENT
Electronic health records (EHRs) show great potential for use in observational studies to examine drug safety via pharmacovigiliance methods that can find adverse drug events as well as expand drug safety profiles. EHRs also show promise for head-to-head comparative effectiveness trials and could play a critical role in secondary and tertiary diabetes prevention efforts. A growing subset of EHRs, personal health records (PHRs), opens up the possibility of engaging patients in their care, as well as new opportunities for participatory research and personalized medicine. Organizations nationwide, from providers to employers, are already investing heavily in PHR systems. Additionally, the explosive use of online social networking sites and mobile technologies will undoubtedly play a role in future research efforts by making available a veritable flood of information, such as real-time exercise monitoring, to health researchers.


SUMMARY
The future confluence of health information technologies will enable researchers and clinicians to reveal novel therapies and insights into treatments and disease management, as well as environmental and genomic interactions, at an unprecedented population scale.
Patient comfort during treatment with heated humidified high flow nasal cannulae versus nasal continuous positive airway pressure: a randomised cross-over trial.

OBJECTIVE
To compare patient comfort in preterm infants treated with heated humidified high flow nasal cannulae (HHHFNC) versus nasal continuous positive airway pressure (NCPAP).


DESIGN
Randomised cross-over trial (2×24 h).


SETTING
Single tertiary neonatal unit.


PATIENTS
20 infants less than 34 weeks postmenstrual age treated with NCPAP due to mild respiratory illness.


INTERVENTIONS
After parental consent, infants were randomised to 24 h of treatment with NCPAP or HHHFNC followed by 24 h of the alternate therapy.


MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES
Primary outcome was patient comfort assessed by the EDIN (neonatal pain and discomfort) scale. Secondary outcomes were respiratory parameters (respiratory rate, FiO2, SpO2, TcPCO2), ambient noise, salivary cortisol and parental assessments of their child.


RESULTS
We found no differences between HHHFNC and NCPAP in mean cumulative EDIN score (10.7 vs 11.1, p=0.25) or ambient noise (70 vs 74 dBa, p=0.18). Parents assessed HHHFNC treatment as significantly better in the three domains, 1) child satisfied, 2) parental contact and interaction and 3) possibility to take part in care. Mean respiratory rate over 24 h was lower during HHHFNC than CPAP (41 vs 46, p=0.001). Other respiratory parameters were similar.


CONCLUSIONS
Using EDIN scale, we found no difference in patient comfort with HHHFNC versus NCPAP. However, parents preferred HHHFNC, and during HHHFNC respiratory rate was lower than during NCPAP.


CLINICALTRIALSGOV, NUMBER
NCT01526226.
Depressive Symptoms and Their Correlates with Locus of Control and Satisfaction with Life among Jordanian College Students

Objective: to establish estimates of the prevalence of depressive symptoms, and their correlates with locus of control and satisfaction with life among undergraduate students in Hashemite University (HU) Jordan. Method: A randomized sample of college students (N=492), 67 (33.9 %) were male, completed the Multidimensional Health Locus of Control Scale (MHLC), the Satisfaction with Life Scale (SLS), and the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale (CES-D). Results: Study outcomes showed a great ratio of depressive symptoms among HU students, almost half of college-aged individuals had a major depression, and statistical analyses showed no relationship between externality of locus of control (Powerful others) and depression, while Externality of locus of control (Chance) was found to be significantly positively related to depression, and in line to previous studies a significant negative relationship was found between internality of locus of control and depression. Additionally, significant negative relationship was found between satisfaction with life (SLS) and depression. However, Satisfaction with life was found to be the first best predictor of depressive symptoms and Chance was found to be the second best predictor of depressive symptoms. Conclusion: Findings of this study hold implications for depressive symptoms interventions, such as expanding psychoeducation courses to include strategies for enhancing and maintaining a sense of personal control and selfactualization.
Russian corporate capitalism from Peter the Great to perestroika

Professor Owen examines corporate capitalism under the Tsarist and late Soviet regimes. Covering two hundred years from the Tsarist period through perestroika and into the present, he demonstrates the historical obstacles that have confronted Russian corporate entrepreneurs and the continuity of Russian attitudes toward corporate capitalism.
Second Language Learners' Theories on the Use of English Articles: An Analysis of the Metalinguistic Knowledge Used by Japanese Students in Acquiring the English Article System.

Although it is well known that many second language (L2) learners have trouble using articles “properly,” the primary causes of their difficulties remain unclear. This study addresses this problem by examining the metalinguistic knowledge of the English article system that learners employ when selecting articles in a given situation. By doing this, the present study attempts to better understand the process of “making sense” of the English article system by learners who are at different stages in their interlanguage development. Eighty Japanese college students with varying levels of English proficiency participated in this study. Immediately after completing a fill-in-thearticle test, a structured interview was conducted to investigate the reasons for their article choices. The quantitative and qualitative analyses reveal a number of conceptual differences with regard to their considerations of the hearer’s knowledge, specific reference, and countability, which may account for learners’ errors in article use across different proficiency groups. Disciplines Bilingual, Multilingual, and Multicultural Education Comments Reprinted from Studies in Second Language Acquisition, Volume 24, Issue 3, pages 451-480. This journal article is available at ScholarlyCommons: http://repository.upenn.edu/gse_pubs/1 SSLA, 24, 451–480. Printed in the United States of America. DOI: 10.1017.S0272263102003042 SECOND LANGUAGE LEARNERS’ THEORIES ON THE USE OF ENGLISH ARTICLES An Analysis of the Metalinguistic Knowledge Used by Japanese Students in Acquiring the English Article System
Contribution of knowledge management activities to organisational business performance

Purpose – Within construction industry there is a growing awareness of the need for linking knowledge management (KM) to business strategy, organisational objectives, and existing performance measures. This study was undertaken within the context of construction organisations, and attempts to provide the empirical evidence about the relationships between KM activities and organisational business performance. Design/ methodology/ approach – A questionnaire survey was administered to a sample of construction contractors operating in Hong Kong to investigate the opinions of construction professionals regarding the intensity of KM activities and business performance within their organisations. In parallel to the survey, semi-structured interviews were undertaken to provide qualitative insights that helped to clarify and deepen understanding of the KM process within the context of the research target. Findings – The investigation shows that knowledge utilisation is the strongest contributor to general business performance. In addition, the impact of KM activities on the lagging performance indicators of the BSC, such as ‘financial performance’, is in an indirect manner, and through the leading indicators such as performance from ‘internal process’ as well as ‘learning and growth’ perspectives. Originality/ value – The study empirically established the linkage between intensity of KM activities and business performance, and demonstrated that KM strategies need to be explicitly formulated and measured according to organisational business objectives.
Comparison of the effectiveness of six and two acupuncture point regimens in osteoarthritis of the knee: a randomised trial.

BACKGROUND
Although substantial data have supported the effectiveness of acupuncture for treating knee osteoarthritis (OA), the number of points used has varied. The objective of this study was to compare the effectiveness of six and two acupuncture points in the treatment of knee OA.


METHODS
A randomised trial of knee OA patients was conducted. Patients were randomly allocated into two groups of 35. The "six point group" received treatment at six acupuncture points, ST35, EX-LE4 (Neixiyan), ST36, SP9, SP10 and ST34, while the "two point group" received treatment at just the first pair of points, ST35 and EX-LE4. Both groups received twice weekly electroacupuncture on 10 occasions. Electrical stimulation was carried out at low-frequency of 3 Hz to all points, with the intensity as high as tolerable. Both groups were allowed to take a 200 mg celecoxib capsule per day for intolerable pain. Patients were assessed at baseline, week 5, week 9 and week 13, using a Thai language version of the Western Ontario and McMaster Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC). Global assessment of change after 10 treatments was also recorded.


RESULTS
Acupuncture at both six and two acupuncture points was associated with significant improvement. Mean total WOMAC score at weeks 5 and 13 of patients in both groups showed no significant difference statistically (p = 0.75 and p = 0.51). Moreover, the number of celecoxib capsules taken, global assessment of global change and body weight change of both groups also showed no statistical difference.


CONCLUSION
This evidence suggests that electroacupuncture to two local points may be sufficient to treat knee OA, but in view of some limitations to this study further research is necessary before this can be stated conclusively.