LLukas22/scidocs huggingface dataset:
Clinical practice. Graves' disease.

Copyright © 2008 Massachusetts Medical Society. A 23-year-old woman presents with palpitations. Over the past 6 months, she has reported loose stools, a 10-lb (4.5-kg) weight loss despite a good appetite and food intake, and increased irritability. She appears to be anxious and has a pulse of 119 beats per minute and a blood pressure of 137/80 mm Hg. Her thyroid gland is diffusely and symmetrically enlarged to twice the normal size, and it is firm and nontender; a thyroid bruit is audible. She has an eyelid lag, but no proptosis or periorbital edema. The serum thyrotropin level is 0.02 μU per milliliter (normal range, 0.35 to 4.50) and the level of free thyroxine is 4.10 ng per deciliter (normal range, 0.89 to 1.76). How should she be further evaluated and treated?
An efficient forward private RFID protocol

Radio Frequency IDentifiers (RFID) are low-cost pervasive devices used in various settings for identification purposes: although they have originally been introduced to ease the supply chain management, they are already used in many other applications. Some of these applications need secure identification and ad-hoc authentication protocols have to be designed for that purpose. But the intrusion of RFID in the life of end-users might additionally require a higher level of user-privacy. Such security and privacy requirements conflict with the highly constrained environment of RFID systems. Ohkubo, Suzuki, and Kinoshita first proposed an appealing RFID protocol that meets the highest privacy requirements. However, their scheme and its known variants suffer from limitations in terms of computational complexity and provable security which this paper aims to address. We propose a novel forward private authentication scheme built upon less computationally expensive cryptographic ingredients, namely pseudo-random generators and universal hash functions instead of one way hash functions. In contrast with existing schemes, we provide security proofs of our construction in the standard model instead of the random oracle model.
One-year outcome after prehospital intubation.

BACKGROUND
The aim of physician staffed emergency medical services (EMS) is to supplement other EMS units in the care of prehospital patients. The need for advanced airway management in critical prehospital patients can be considered as one indicator of the severity of the patient's condition. Our primary aim was to study the long-term outcome of critically ill patients (excluding cardiac arrest) who were intubated by EMS physicians in the prehospital setting.


METHODS
Data of 845 patients, whose airways were secured by the EMS physicians during a 5-year (2007-2011) period, were retrospectively evaluated. After exclusions, the outcome of 483 patients (8.9% of all patients treated by EMS) was studied. Evaluation was based on hospital patient records 1 year after the incident. For assessment of neurological outcome, a modified Glasgow Outcome Score (GOS) was used. Time and cause of death were recorded.


RESULTS
55.3% of the study patients had a good neurological recovery (GOS 4-5) with independent life 1 year after the event. The overall 1-year mortality (GOS 1) was 35.0%. Poor neurological outcome (GOS 2-3) was found in 9.7% of the patients. Patients with intoxication or convulsions survived best, while those with suspected intracranial pathology had the worst prognosis. Of all survivors, 85% recovered well.


CONCLUSION
The majority of the study patients had a favourable neurological recovery with independent life at 1 year after the incident. More than 80% of all deaths occurred within 30 days of the incident.
Incorporating Body Dynamics into the Sensor-Based Motion Planning Paradigm. The Maximum Turn Strategy

The existing approaches to sensor-based motion planning tend to deal solely with kinematic and geometric issues, and ignore the system dynamics. This work attempts to incorporate body dynamics into the paradigm of sensor-based motion planning. We consider the case of a mass point robot operating in a planar environment with unknown arbitrary stationary obstacles. Given the constraints on the robot’s dynamics, sensing, and control means, conditions are formulated for generating trajectories which guarantee convergence and the robot’s safety at all times. The approach calls for continuous computation and is fast enough for real time implementation. The robot plans its motion based on its velocity, control means, and sensing information about the surrounding obstacles, and such that in case of a sudden potential collision it can always resort to a safe emergency stopping path. Simulated examples demonstrate the algorithm’s performance.
Body weight-supported bedside treadmill training facilitates ambulation in ICU patients: An interventional proof of concept study.

PURPOSE
Early mobilisation is advocated to improve recovery of intensive care unit (ICU) survivors. However, severe weakness in combination with tubes, lines and machinery are practical barriers for the implementation of ambulation with critically ill patients. The aim of this study was to explore the feasibility of Body Weight-Supported Treadmill Training (BWSTT) in critically ill patients in the ICU.


METHODS
A custom build bedside Body Weight-Supported Treadmill was used and evaluated in medical and surgical patients in the ICU. Feasibility was evaluated according to eligibility, successful number of BWSTT, number of staff needed, adverse events, number of patients that could not have walked without BWSTT, patient satisfaction and anxiety.


RESULTS
Twenty participants, underwent 54 sessions BWSTT. Two staff members executed the BWSTT and no adverse events occurred. Medical equipment did not have to be disconnected during all treatment sessions. In 74% of the sessions, the participants would not have been able to walk without the BWSTT. Patient satisfaction with BWSTT was high and anxiety low.


CONCLUSIONS
This proof of concept study demonstrated that BWSTT is safe, reduces staff resource, and facilitates the first time to ambulation in critically ill patients with severe muscle weakness in the ICU.
Automatic Detection and Prevention of Cyberbullying

Abstract—The recent development of social media poses new challenges to the research community in analyzing online interactions between people. Social networking sites offer great opportunities for connecting with others, but also increase the vulnerability of young people to undesirable phenomena, such as cybervictimization. Recent research reports that on average, 20% to 40% of all teenagers have been victimized online. In this paper, we focus on cyberbullying as a particular form of cybervictimization. Successful prevention depends on the adequate detection of potentially harmful messages. However, given the massive information overload on the Web, there is a need for intelligent systems to identify potential risks automatically. We present the construction and annotation of a corpus of Dutch social media posts annotated with fine-grained cyberbullying-related text categories, such as insults and threats. Also, the specific participants (harasser, victim or bystander) in a cyberbullying conversation are identified to enhance the analysis of human interactions involving cyberbullying. Apart from describing our dataset construction and annotation, we present proof-of-concept experiments on the automatic identification of cyberbullying events and fine-grained cyberbullying categories.
Otem&Utem: Over- and Under-Translation Evaluation Metric for NMT

Although neural machine translation(NMT) yields promising translation performance, it unfortunately suffers from overand under-translation issues [Tu et al., 2016], of which studies have become research hotspots in NMT. At present, these studies mainly apply the dominant automatic evaluation metrics, such as BLEU, to evaluate the overall translation quality with respect to both adequacy and fluency. However, they are unable to accurately measure the ability of NMT systems in dealing with the above-mentioned issues. In this paper, we propose two quantitative metrics, the Otem and Utem, to automatically evaluate the system performance in terms of overand under-translation respectively. Both metrics are based on the proportion of mismatched n-grams between gold reference and system translation. We evaluate both metrics by comparing their scores with human evaluations, where the values of Pearson Correlation Coefficient reveal their strong correlation. Moreover, in-depth analyses on various translation systems indicate some inconsistency between BLEU and our proposed metrics, highlighting the necessity and significance of our metrics. Keywords— Evaluation Metric Neural Machine Translation Overtransaltion Under-transaltion.
SUAV:Q - An improved design for a transformable solar-powered UAV

Throughout the wide range of aerial robot related applications, selecting a particular airframe is often a trade-off. Fixed-wing small-scale unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) typically have difficulty surveying at low altitudes while quadrotor UAVs, having more maneuverability, suffer from limited flight time. Recent prior work [1] proposes a solar-powered small-scale aerial vehicle designed to transform between fixed-wing and quad-rotor configurations. Surplus energy collected and stored while in a fixed-wing configuration is utilized while in a quad-rotor configuration. This paper presents an improvement to the robot's design in [1] by pursuing a modular airframe, an optimization of the hybrid propulsion system, and solar power electronics. Two prototypes of the robot have been fabricated for independent testing of the airframe in fixed-wing and quad-rotor states. Validation of the solar power electronics and hybrid propulsion system designs were demonstrated through a combination of simulation and empirical data from prototype hardware.
Current Integration of Tuberculosis (TB) and HIV Services in South Africa, 2011

SETTING
Public Health Facilities in South Africa.


OBJECTIVE
To assess the current integration of TB and HIV services in South Africa, 2011.


DESIGN
Cross-sectional study of 49 randomly selected health facilities in South Africa. Trained interviewers administered a standardized questionnaire to one staff member responsible for TB and HIV in each facility on aspects of TB/HIV policy, integration and recording and reporting. We calculated and compared descriptive statistics by province and facility type.


RESULTS
Of the 49 health facilities 35 (71%) provided isoniazid preventive therapy (IPT) and 35 (71%) offered antiretroviral therapy (ART). Among assessed sites in February 2011, 2,512 patients were newly diagnosed with HIV infection, of whom 1,913 (76%) were screened for TB symptoms, and 616 of 1,332 (46%) of those screened negative for TB were initiated on IPT. Of 1,072 patients newly registered with TB in February 2011, 144 (13%) were already on ART prior to Tb clinical diagnosis, and 451 (42%) were newly diagnosed with HIV infection. Of those, 84 (19%) were initiated on ART. Primary health clinics were less likely to offer ART compared to district hospitals or community health centers (p<0.001).


CONCLUSION
As of February 2011, integration of TB and HIV services is taking place in public medical facilities in South Africa. Among these services, IPT in people living with HIV and ART in TB patients are the least available.
Bipolar mixed episodes and antidepressants: a cohort study of bipolar I disorder patients.

OBJECTIVES
The aim of this study was to elucidate the factors associated with the occurrence of mixed episodes, characterized by the presence of concomitant symptoms of both affective poles, during the course of illness in bipolar I disorder patients treated with an antidepressant, as well as the role of antidepressants in the course and outcome of the disorder.


METHOD
We enrolled a sample of 144 patients followed for up to 20 years in the referral Barcelona Bipolar Disorder Program and compared subjects who had experienced at least one mixed episode during the follow-up (n=60) with subjects who had never experienced a mixed episode (n=84) regarding clinical variables.


RESULTS
Nearly 40% of bipolar I disorder patients treated with antidepressants experienced at least one mixed episode during the course of their illness; no gender differences were found between two groups. Several differences regarding clinical variables were found between the two groups, but after performing logistic regression analysis, only suicide attempts (p<0.001), the use of serotonin norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors (p=0.041), switch rates (p=0.010), and years spent ill (p=0.022) were significantly associated with the occurrence of at least one mixed episode during follow-up.


CONCLUSIONS
The occurrence of mixed episodes is associated with a tendency to chronicity, with a poorer outcome, a higher number of depressive episodes, and greater use of antidepressants, especially serotonin norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors.
Substance Use and Intimate Violence Among Incarcerated Males

The purpose of this study was to examine substance use patterns among a sample of incarcerated males who report engaging in levels of intimate violence, as well as identifying similarities and differences in demographic, economic status, mental health, criminal justice involvement, relationships, and treatment factors for three groups of incarcerated males - those who report perpetrating low intimate violence, those who report perpetrating moderate intimate violence, and those who report perpetrating extreme intimate violence the year preceding their current incarceration. Findings indicated that low intimate violence group's perpetration consisted almost exclusively of emotional abuse. Moderately intimate violent males and extremely intimate violent males, however, report not only high rates of emotional abuse but physical abuse as well. The distinction between moderate and extremely violent groups was substantial. Findings also indicated that perpetrators at different levels of violence in this study did not vary significantly in age, employment history, marital status, or race. However, the three groups showed significant differences in three main areas: (1) cocaine and alcohol use patterns, (2) stranger violence perpetration and victimization experiences, and (3) emotional discomfort. Implications for substance abuse and mental health treatment interventions and for future research are discussed.
Model-based insulin and nutrition administration for tight glycaemic control in critical care.

OBJECTIVE
Present a new model-based tight glycaemic control approach using variable insulin and nutrition administration.


BACKGROUND
Hyperglycaemia is prevalent in critical care. Current published protocols use insulin alone to reduce blood glucose levels, require significant added clinical effort, and provide highly variable results. None directly address both the practical clinical difficulties and significant patient variation seen in general critical care, while also providing tight control.


METHODS
The approach presented manages both nutritional inputs and exogenous insulin infusions using tables simplified from a model-based, computerised protocol. Unique delivery aspects include bolus insulin delivery for safety and variable enteral nutrition rates. Unique development aspects include the use of simulated virtual patient trials created from retrospective data. The model, protocol development, and first 50 clinical case results are presented.


RESULTS
High qualitative correlation to within +/-10% between simulated virtual trials and published clinical results validates the overall approach. Pilot tests covering 7358 patient hours produced an average glucose of 5.9 +/- 1.1 mmol/L. Time in the 4-6.1 mmol/L band was 59%, with 84% in 4.0-7.0 mmol/L, and 92% in 4.0-7.75 mmol/L. The average feed rate was 63% of patient specific goal feed and the average insulin dose was 2.6U/hour. There was one hypoglycaemic measurement of 2.1 mmol/L. No departures from protocol or clinical interventions were required at any time.


SUMMARY
Modulating both low dose insulin boluses and nutrition input rates challenges the current practice of using only insulin in larger doses to reduce hyperglycaemic levels. Clinical results show very tight control in safe glycaemic bands. The approach could be readily adopted in any typical ICU.
Pilonidal cyst involving the clitoris: a case report.

BACKGROUND
A periclitoral pilonidal cyst or sinus is an exceedingly infrequent occurrence. Diagnostic criteria consist of a sinus tract or cyst containing hair follicles and inflammatory reaction in one or more partially or completely epithelialized sinus tracts. Follow-up of patients reported in the literature has been too short to provide a consensus in regard to the extent of surgery required to provide permanent cure.


CASE
A 30-year-old patient was seen in consultation for evaluation of a chronic, draining periclitoral abscess that had been treated for approximately 2 years with multiple rounds of antibiotics and local incisions. Treatment consisted of a wide local excision of the cyst and multiple sinuses extending into the periclitoral area and labia minora. The shaft and glans of the clitoris were preserved. Primary closure and healing were accomplished.


CONCLUSION
Diagnosis and curative therapy of a pilonidal cyst of the clitoris require a thorough resection which can be accomplished with preservation of the clitoris.
Coffee consumption enhances high-density lipoprotein-mediated cholesterol efflux in macrophages.

RATIONALE
Association of habitual coffee consumption with coronary heart disease morbidity and mortality has not been established. We hypothesized that coffee may enhance reverse cholesterol transport (RCT) as the antiatherogenic properties of high-density lipoprotein (HDL).


OBJECTIVE
This study was to investigate whether the phenolic acids of coffee and coffee regulates RCT from macrophages in vitro, ex vivo and in vivo.


METHODS AND RESULTS
Caffeic acid and ferulic acid, the major phenolic acids of coffee, enhanced cholesterol efflux from THP-1 macrophages mediated by HDL, but not apoA-I. Furthermore, these phenolic acids increased both the mRNA and protein levels of ATP-binding cassette transporter (ABC)G1 and scavenger receptor class B type I (SR-BI), but not ABCA1. Eight healthy volunteers were recruited for the ex vivo study, and blood samples were taken before and 30 minutes after consumption of coffee or water in a crossover study. The mRNA as well as protein levels of ABCG1, SR-BI, and cholesterol efflux by HDL were increased in the macrophages differentiated under autologous sera obtained after coffee consumption compared to baseline sera. Finally, effects of coffee and phenolic acid on in vivo RCT were assessed by intraperitoneally injecting [(3)H]cholesterol-labeled acetyl low-density lipoprotein-loaded RAW264.7 cells into mice, then monitoring appearance of (3)H tracer in plasma, liver, and feces. Supporting in vitro and ex vivo data, ferulic acid was found to significantly increase the levels of (3)H tracer in feces.


CONCLUSIONS
Coffee intake might have an antiatherogenic property by increasing ABCG1 and SR-BI expression and enhancing HDL-mediated cholesterol efflux from the macrophages via its plasma phenolic acids.
Real-Time Video Streaming over NS 3-based Emulated LTE Networks

In this paper, we present a developed NS-3 based emulation platform for evaluating and optimizing the performance of the LTE networks. The developed emulation platform is designed to provide real-time measurements. Thus it eliminates the need for the high cost spent on real equipment. The developed platform consists of three main parts, which are video server, video client(s), and NS-3 based simulation environment for LTE network. Using the developed platform, the server streams video clips to the existing clients going through the LTE simulated network. We utilize this setup to evaluate multiple cases such as mobility and handover. Moreover, we use it for evaluating multiple streaming protocols such as UDP, RTP, and Dynamic Adaptive Streaming over HTTP (DASH). Keywords-DASH, Emulation, LTE, NS-3, Real-time, RTP, UDP.
A randomized clinical trial with two doses of a omega 3 fatty acids oral and arginine enhanced formula in clinical and biochemical parameters of head and neck cancer ambulatory patients.

INTRODUCTION
Postsurgical patients with head and neck cancer could have a high rate of ambulatory complications. The aim was to investigate whether oral ambulatory nutrition of head and neck cancer patients with recent weight loss, using two different doses of an omega 3 fatty acids and arginine enhanced diets could improve nutritional parameters.


DESIGN
At Hospital discharge post surgical head and neck cancer patients (n=37) were asked to consume two or three cans per day of a designed omega 3 fatty acid and arginine enhanced supplement for a twelve week period.


RESULTS
Albumin, prealbumin, transferrin and lymphocytes levels improved in both groups. Weight, fat mass and fat free mass improved during supplementation in group II (3 bricks per day). No differences were detected in anthropometric parameters in group I. Gastrointestinal tolerance with both formulas was good, no episodes were reported. There are no differences between both formulas on postsurgical complications rates.


CONCLUSIONS
Omega 3 and arginine enhanced formulas improved blood protein concentrations and lymphocyte levels in ambulatory postoperative head and neck cancer patients. A high dose of arginine and omega 3 fatty acids formula improved weight, too.
An Information Security Technique Using DES-RSA Hybrid and LSB

An Information Security Technique Using DES-RSA Hybrid and LSB 1 Sandeep Singh, 2 Aman Singh 1 Department of Computer Science Engineering, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab, India 2 Assistant Professor, Department of Computer Science Engineering, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab, India ______________________________________________________________________________________ Abstract: Security plays a vital role while exchanging large amount of information from source to destination. Currently technology is increasing very rapidly from security point of view. Each and every person wants his communication must be confidential and protected from the access of the illegal users over internet. Cryptography and Steganography plays a very important role as security tools. Cryptography is the art of converting the readable information into an unreadable form. Steganography is a tool used to hide information inside a media files such as images, audio and video etc. In this paper a combined technique of both cryptography and steganography is proposed for the better security of the data. The message is initially encrypted with DES and the keys of DES are encrypted with RSA then the hybrid of both DES-RSA is embedded inside an image with help of LSB image steganography. Results of the technique provide a stronger security. The encryption time is also faster than the previous techniques as well as brute force attack to this technique is almost not possible.