LLukas22/scidocs huggingface dataset:
An interaction between the serotonin transporter promoter region and dopamine transporter polymorphisms contributes to harm avoidance and reward dependence traits in normal healthy subjects

There is evidence for an association between polymorphisms of serotonin- and dopamine-related genes and temperamental personality traits. Recent findings have shown that interactions between allelic variants of the different genes may contribute to personality traits. We examined the effects of serotonin transporter-linked promoter region (5-HTTLPR) and dopamine transporter (DAT1) gene polymorphisms for associations with the Temperament and Character Inventory (TCI) temperament subscales in 209 Koreans. We found that the variants of 5-HTTLPR interacted with the DAT1 gene polymorphism to influence the HA and RD temperament subscales of TCI. Neither of these two genes affected any subscales of TCI alone. Controlling for the effects of gender and age, we found significant interactions between 5-HTTLPR and DAT1 genes on Harm Avoidance (HA) and Reward Dependence (RD) as measured by the TCI (Hotelling’s Trace = 3.0, P = 0.02). In the presence of the DAT1 10/10 genotype, subjects of group L of 5-HTTLPR had a significantly higher HA score and significantly lower RD score than those of group S (F = 5.04, df = 1, p = 0.03 and F = 8.35, df = 1, p = 0.004, respectively). These findings suggest that the variants of 5-HTTLPR interacted with the DAT1 gene polymorphism to influence the HA and RD temperament subscales of TCI.
Mismatch of coronary risk and treatment intensity under the national cholesterol education program guidelines

Objective:To assess the match between multifactorial risk of coronary heart disease (CHD) and treatment intensity under the National Cholesterol Education Program (NCEP) guidelines for primary prevention of CHD.Methods:The multiple logistic regression equation from the Framingham Study was used to derive predicted risks for development of CHD over eight years of follow-up for different age — gender groupings, with serum total cholesterol (TC) values chosen in light of the NCEP cutoff points for both TC and low-density-lipoprotein cholesterol levels. Additional risk factors — hypertension, glucose intolerance, and smoking—were considered in combination for each of these values.Results:Controlling for the effects of age and gender, there is little difference in the ranges of absolute CHD risks for persons who would receive interventions of differing intensities (i.e., general dietary advice, dietary treatment, or drug therapy). Those who are candidates for drug treatment because of serum lipids alone are often at low levels of risk for the development of CHD when compared with those of the same age with lower TC values who have other risk factors. Discrepancies in CHD risk are wider still when age is also allowed to vary. Furthermore, in every age grouping, women with high TC levels (e.g., 6.9 mmol/L) and two other risk factors are eligible for drug treatment but have a CHD risk that is no higher, and often much lower, than that of males with one other risk factor and TC levels of 4.8 mmol/L or 5.7 mmol/L who are candidates for dietary advice or dietary therapy, respectively.Conclusions:Inconsistencies exist in the NCEP guidelines such that persons at low risk for the development of CHD are offered more intensive interventions than are others who actually are at much higher risks, and vice versa. Women in particular tend to be overtreated, relative to men. These findings point out the difficulties of promulgating guidelines that will appropriately match risk to preventive interventions in a complex multifactorial disease.
Purified eicosapentaenoic and docosahexaenoic acids have differential effects on serum lipids and lipoproteins, LDL particle size, glucose, and insulin in mildly hyperlipidemic men.

BACKGROUND
Regular consumption of n-3 fatty acids of marine origin can improve serum lipids and reduce cardiovascular risk.


OBJECTIVE
This study aimed to determine whether eicosapentaenoic (EPA) and docosahexaenoic (DHA) acids have differential effects on serum lipids and lipoproteins, glucose, and insulin in humans.


DESIGN
In a double-blind, placebo-controlled trial of parallel design, 59 overweight, nonsmoking, mildly hyperlipidemic men were randomly assigned to receive 4 g purified EPA, DHA, or olive oil (placebo) daily while continuing their usual diets for 6 wk.


RESULTS
Fifty-six men aged 48.8 +/- 1.1 y completed the study. Relative to those in the olive oil group, triacylglycerols fell by 0.45 +/- 0.15 mmol/L ( approximately 20%; P = 0.003) in the DHA group and by 0.37 +/- 0.14 mmol/L ( approximately 18%; P = 0.012) in the EPA group. Neither EPA nor DHA had any effect on total cholesterol. LDL, HDL, and HDL(2) cholesterol were not affected significantly by EPA, but HDL(3) cholesterol decreased significantly (6.7%; P = 0.032). Although HDL cholesterol was not significantly increased by DHA (3. 1%), HDL(2) cholesterol increased by approximately 29% (P = 0.004). DHA increased LDL cholesterol by 8% (P = 0.019). Adjusted LDL particle size increased by 0.25 +/- 0.08 nm (P = 0.002) with DHA but not with EPA. EPA supplementation increased plasma and platelet phospholipid EPA but reduced DHA. DHA supplementation increased DHA and EPA in plasma and platelet phospholipids. Both EPA and DHA increased fasting insulin significantly. EPA, but not DHA, tended to increase fasting glucose, but not significantly so.


CONCLUSIONS
EPA and DHA had differential effects on lipids, fatty acids, and glucose metabolism in overweight men with mild hyperlipidemia.
Brief eclectic psychotherapy v. eye movement desensitisation and reprocessing therapy for post-traumatic stress disorder: randomised controlled trial.

BACKGROUND
Trauma-focused cognitive-behavioural therapy (CBT) and eye movement desensitisation and reprocessing therapy (EMDR) are efficacious treatments for post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), but few studies have directly compared them using well-powered designs and few have investigated response patterns.


AIMS
To compare the efficacy and response pattern of a trauma-focused CBT modality, brief eclectic psychotherapy for PTSD, with EMDR (trial registration: ISRCTN64872147).


METHOD
Out-patients with PTSD were randomly assigned to brief eclectic psychotherapy (n = 70) or EMDR (n = 70) and assessed at all sessions on self-reported PTSD (Impact of Event Scale - Revised). Other outcomes were clinician-rated PTSD, anxiety and depression.


RESULTS
Both treatments were equally effective in reducing PTSD symptom severity, but the response pattern indicated that EMDR led to a significantly sharper decline in PTSD symptoms than brief eclectic psychotherapy, with similar drop-out rates (EMDR: n = 20 (29%), brief eclectic psychotherapy: n = 25 (36%)). Other outcome measures confirmed this pattern of results.


CONCLUSIONS
Although both treatments are effective, EMDR results in a faster recovery compared with the more gradual improvement with brief eclectic psychotherapy.
RenderBots-Multi-Agent Systems for Direct Image Generation

The term stroke-based rendering collectively describes techniques where images are generated from elements that are usually larger than a pixel. These techniques lend themselves well for rendering artistic styles such as stippling and hatching. This paper presents a novel approach for stroke-based rendering that exploits multi agent systems. RenderBots are individual agents each of which in general represents one stroke. They form a multi agent system and undergo a simulation to distribute themselves in the environment. The environment consists of a source image and possibly additional G-buffers. The final image is created when the simulation is finished by having each RenderBot execute its painting function. RenderBot classes differ in their physical behavior as well as their way of painting so that different styles can be created in a very flexible way.
Coastal Pollution: A Review☆

Abstract The harmful effects of various substances on the marine environment were reviewed by collecting and studying the relevant literature. Various sources for the pollution of marine environment were identified and the causes for the same are understood. Many of the pollutants that are let into the sea are directly or indirectly by human activities. Some of these substances are biodegradable, while some are not. Several laws and policies have been taken in preventing marine pollution at the national and international levels. Simulation of oil spills has been done by developing models in some parts of the world. The pollution off the shore is increasing at an alarming rate and to address this problem of pollution in the oceans is a difficult task, and a variety of approaches are urgently required. In this paper, the definition of coastal pollution, causes of coastal pollution, its impacts and preventive measures are discussed.
Race 3, a new race of Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lactucae determined by a differential system with commercial cultivars

 Pathogenic variation among 26 Japanese isolates of Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lactucae (FOL) was tested using 21 lettuce cultivars to select commercial lettuce cultivars as race differential indicators. Cultivar Costa Rica No. 4 was resistant to race 1 but susceptible to race 2, consistent with the conventional standard differential line VP1010. Cultivar Banchu Red Fire was susceptible to race 1 but resistant to race 2, which showed an opposite type of reaction as another differential line VP1013. Cultivar Patriot was susceptible to both races. The resistance reactions of the three cultivars under field conditions were identical with that observed in the seedlings. Thus cv. Costa Rica No. 4 and cv. Banchu Red Fire can be used as differential hosts to identify pathogenic races of FOL. This differential system showed that all FOL isolates obtained from diseased butterhead lettuce in Fukuoka, Japan were new races (i.e., pathogenic to three cultivars). We propose that the new race be designated race 3. Isolates of FOL, the pathogen of Fusarium wilt in lettuce, obtained from California showed the same reaction as that of race 1. Furthermore, the Japanese isolate SB1-1 (race 1) and California isolate HL-2 belonged to the same vegetative compatibility group. Our results suggest that both of the fungi are the same forma specialis.
Sound source localization for real-world humanoid robots

In this paper we study the suitability and performance of conventional time delay of arrival estimation for humanoid robots. Moving away from simulated environments, we look at the influence of real-world robot's shape on the sound source localization. We present a TDOA/GCC based sound source localization method that successfully addresses this influence by utilizing a pre-measured set of TDOAs. The measuring methodology and important aspects of the implementation are thoroughly presented. Finally, an evaluation is made with the humanoid robot Nao. The experimental results are presented and discussed. Key-Words: Microphone arrays, time delay of arrival, sound source localization, generalized cross correlation.
Geographic information from georeferenced social media data

In the last few years, we are witnessing an emerging class of communication and information platforms some call social awareness streams (SAS) [15]. Available from social media services such as Facebook, Twitter, FourSquare, Flickr, and others, these hugely popular platforms allow participants to post streams of lightweight content items, from short status messages to links, pictures, and videos, in a highly connected social environment. Many of these items are associated with location coordinates in the form of latitude and longitude, or with a business or venue that is in turn associated with a precise location. The number of "geotagged" items is likely to grow with the number of people using geo-enabled devices to access and produce SAS data. The vast amounts of SAS data offer unique opportunities for understanding local communities and people's attitudes, attention, and interest in them. Robust methods for learning from SAS data about geographies and local communities, using methods from Artificial Intelligence, Information Retrieval and Natural Language Processing, can greatly improve the state of geographic information retrieval. Such contributions, from better modelling of geographic areas, to improved knowledge about these areas and how they are used by individuals and communities, have begun to surface in the last few years, and are summarized in this article. The structure of this work borrows from Lynch [13], who referred to five elements that make up an individual's perception of city: districts, landmarks, paths, nodes, and edges. This article borrows from Lynch in the context of social media and SAS, proposing the four elements that make up the geographic information that can be derived from social media about a city or area: districts, landmarks, paths, and activities. This article presents a simple model for geographic SAS data, and then considers the four social media elements, or main types of applications of SAS data to geographic information systems. These applications include boundary definition and detection (district); computation of attractions (landmarks); derivation and recommendation of paths; and evaluation of activities, interests and temporal trends.
Noninvasive monitoring of blood pressure using optical Ballistocardiography and Photoplethysmograph approaches

A new all optical method for long term and continuous blood pressure measurement and monitoring without using cuffs is proposed by using Ballistocardiography (BCG) and Photoplethysmograph (PPG). Based on BCG signal and PPG signal, a time delay between these two signals is obtained to calculate both systolic blood pressure and diastolic blood pressure via linear regression analysis. The fabricated noninvasive blood pressure monitoring device consists of a fiber sensor mat to measure BCG signal and a SpO2 sensor to measure PPG signal. A commercial digital oscillometric blood pressure meter is used to obtain reference values and for calibration. It has been found that by comparing with the reference device, our prototype has typical means and standard deviations of 9+/-5.6mmHg for systolic blood pressure, 1.8+/-1.3mmHg for diastolic blood pressure and 0.6+/-0.9bpm for pulse rate, respectively. If the fiber optic SpO2 probe is used, this new all fiber cuffless noninvasive blood pressure monitoring device will truly be a MRI safe blood pressure measurement and monitoring device.
Factors hindering acceptance of using cloud services in university: A case study

Purpose – The aim of this paper is to propose a novel evaluation framework to explore the “root causes” that hinder the acceptance of using internal cloud services in a university. Design/methodology/approach – The proposed evaluation framework incorporates the duo-theme DEMATEL (decision making trial and evaluation laboratory) with TAM (technology acceptance model). The operational procedures were proposed and tested on a university during the post-implementation phase after introducing the internal cloud services. Findings – According to the results, clear understanding and operational ease under the theme perceived ease of use (PEOU) are more imperative; whereas improved usefulness and productivity under the theme perceived usefulness (PU) are more urgent to foster the usage of internal clouds in the case university. Research limitations/implications – Based on the findings, some intervention activities were suggested to enhance the level of users’ acceptance of internal cloud solutions in the case university. However, the results should not be generalized to apply to other educational establishments. Practical implications – To reduce the resistance from using internal clouds, some necessary intervention activities such as developing attractive training programs, creating interesting workshops, and rewriting user friendly manual or handbook are recommended. Originality/value – The novel two-theme DEMATEL has greatly contributed to the conventional one-theme DEMATEL theory. The proposed two-theme DEMATEL procedures were the first attempt to evaluate the acceptance of using internal clouds in university. The results have provided manifest root-causes under two distinct themes, which help derive effectual intervention activities to foster the acceptance of usage of internal clouds in a university.
Packaging of silicon photonics systems

We address the effects of packaging on performance, reliability and cost of photonic devices. For silicon photonics we address some specific packaging aspects. Finally we propose an approach for integration of photonics and ASICs.
Optimized Training Design for Wireless Energy Transfer

Radio-frequency (RF) enabled wireless energy transfer (WET), as a promising solution to provide cost-effective and reliable power supplies for energy-constrained wireless networks, has drawn growing interests recently. To overcome the significant propagation loss over distance, employing multi-antennas at the energy transmitter (ET) to more efficiently direct wireless energy to desired energy receivers (ERs), termed energy beamforming, is an essential technique for enabling WET. However, the achievable gain of energy beamforming crucially depends on the available channel state information (CSI) at the ET, which needs to be acquired practically. In this paper, we study the design of an efficient channel acquisition method for a point-to-point multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) WET system by exploiting the channel reciprocity, i.e., the ET estimates the CSI via dedicated reverse-link training from the ER. Considering the limited energy availability at the ER, the training strategy should be carefully designed so that the channel can be estimated with sufficient accuracy, and yet without consuming excessive energy at the ER. To this end, we propose to maximize the net harvested energy at the ER, which is the average harvested energy offset by that used for channel training. An optimization problem is formulated for the training design over MIMO Rician fading channels, including the subset of ER antennas to be trained, as well as the training time and power allocated. Closed-form solutions are obtained for some special scenarios, based on which useful insights are drawn on when training should be employed to improve the net transferred energy in MIMO WET systems.
Improved Approximation for Guarding Simple Galleries from the Perimeter

We provide an O(log log OPT)-approximation algorithm for the problem of guarding a simple polygon with guards on the perimeter. We first design a polynomial-time algorithm for building ε-nets of size O( 1 ε log log 1 ε ) for the instances of HITTING SET associated with our guarding problem. We then apply the technique of Brönnimann and Goodrich to build an approximation algorithm from this ε-net finder. Along with a simple polygon P , our algorithm takes as input a finite set of potential guard locations that must include the polygon’s vertices. If a finite set of potential guard locations is not specified, e.g., when guards may be placed anywhere on the perimeter, we use a known discretization technique at the cost of making the algorithm’s running time potentially linear in the ratio between the longest and shortest distances between vertices. Our algorithm is the first to improve upon O(log OPT)-approximation algorithms that use generic net finders for set systems of finite VC-dimension.
Pedestrian Classification with a 79 GHz Automotive Radar Sensor

In this paper the classification of pedestrians with a 79 GHz automotive radar sensor is investigated. A suitable algorithm chain is described and tested with measurement data from various moving objects. Finally, an overview of the performance achieved with different classifiers is given.
The bipolarity of light and dark: A review on Bipolar Disorder and circadian cycles.

BACKGROUND
Bipolar Disorder is characterized by episodes running the full mood spectrum, from mania to depression. Between mood episodes, residual symptoms remain, as sleep alterations, circadian cycle disturbances, emotional deregulation, cognitive impairment and increased risk for comorbidities. The present review intends to reflect about the most recent and relevant information concerning the biunivocal relation between bipolar disorder and circadian cycles.


METHODS
It was conducted a literature search on PubMed database using the search terms "bipolar", "circadian", "melatonin", "cortisol", "body temperature", "Clock gene", "Bmal1 gene", "Per gene", "Cry gene", "GSK3β", "chronotype", "light therapy", "dark therapy", "sleep deprivation", "lithum" and "agomelatine". Search results were manually reviewed, and pertinent studies were selected for inclusion as appropriate.


RESULTS
Several studies support the relationship between bipolar disorder and circadian cycles, discussing alterations in melatonin, body temperature and cortisol rhythms; disruption of sleep/wake cycle; variations of clock genes; and chronotype. Some therapeutics for bipolar disorder directed to the circadian cycles disturbances are also discussed, including lithium carbonate, agomelatine, light therapy, dark therapy, sleep deprivation and interpersonal and social rhythm therapy.


LIMITATIONS
This review provides a summary of an extensive research for the relevant literature on this theme, not a patient-wise meta-analysis.


CONCLUSIONS
In the future, it is essential to achieve a better understanding of the relation between bipolar disorder and the circadian system. It is required to establish new treatment protocols, combining psychotherapy, therapies targeting the circadian rhythms and the latest drugs, in order to reduce the risk of relapse and improve affective behaviour.
Process Modeling Using Event-Driven Process Chains

Event-Driven Process Chains (EPC) is a business process modeling language developed in a joint effort between SAP and the Institute of Information Systems of Saarbrücken in the context of the Architecture of Integrated Information Systems (ARIS) framework (Keller, Scheer, & Nüttgens, 1992). One of the initial purposes of EPC was to configure workflows in ERP software such as SAP R/3. As the language is aimed at regular users, it is designed to be intuitive and easy to understand, in contrast to more formal languages such as Petri nets which have a stronger focus on correctness (Aalst, 1999). No standardized procedure exists for producing EPC models, but Scheer, Thomas, and Adam (2005, pp. 136–137) describe a set of steps that help create EPC in a structured manner: