LLukas22/scidocs huggingface dataset:
Indoor Frame Recovery from Refined Line Segments

An important yet challenging problem in understanding indoor scene is recovering indoor frame structure from a monocular image. It is more difficult when occlusions and illumination vary, and object boundaries are weak. To overcome these difficulties, a new approach based on line segment refinement with two constraints is proposed. First, the line segments are refined by four consecutive operations, i.e., reclassifying, connecting, fitting, and voting. Specifically, misclassified line segments are revised by the reclassifying operation; some short line segments are joined by the connecting operation; the undetected key line segments are recovered by the fitting operation with the help of the vanishing points; the line segments converging on the frame are selected by the voting operation. Second, we construct four frame models ∗Luanzheng Guo is the corresponding author Email addresses: azguolu@gmail.com (Luanzheng Guo), chujun99602@163.com (Jun Chu) Preprint submitted to Elsevier May 2, 2017 ar X iv :1 70 5. 00 27 9v 1 [ cs .C V ] 3 0 A pr 2 01 7 according to four classes of possible shooting angles of the monocular image, the natures of all frame models are introduced via enforcing the cross ratio and depth constraints. The indoor frame is then constructed by fitting those refined line segments with related frame model under the two constraints, which jointly advance the accuracy of the frame. Experimental results on a collection of over 300 indoor images indicate that our algorithm has the capability of recovering the frame from complex indoor scenes.
Antifungal activity of silver nanoparticles synthesized using turnip leaf extract (Brassica rapa L.) against wood rotting pathogens

The synthesis of metal nanoparticles using greener methodology and its application in biological fields is a burgeoning field of research. We demonstrated the synthesis of silver nanoparticles using turnip leaf extract and its interaction with wood-degrading fungal pathogens such as Gloeophyllum abietinum, G. trabeum, Chaetomium globosum, and Phanerochaete sordida. TEM images revealed that the silver nanoparticles were predominantly spherical and loosely agglomerated with an average size of 16.14 nm. DLS measurement of silver nanoparticles revealed an average hydrodynamic diameter of ca. 39.5 nm with a zeta potential of −14.8 mV at pH 7.5. FTIR spectra revealed the presence of amine and aliphatic esters, which were involved in the reduction and stabilization of silver nanoparticles. The as-synthesized silver nanoparticles showed broad spectrum antifungal activity against wood-degrading fungi by inhibiting growth. Thus, the greener-synthesized silver nanoparticles can be used as an antifungal agent against wood-degrading fungal pathogens.
Comparison of intubation modalities in a simulated cardiac arrest with uninterrupted chest compressions.

BACKGROUND
Interruptions in chest compressions during cardiopulmonary resuscitation can negatively impact survival. Several new endotracheal intubation (ETI) techniques including video laryngoscopy may allow for ETI with minimal or no interruptions in chest compressions. We sought to determine the impact of three different ETI techniques upon time to intubation (TTI) in a simulated cardiac arrest during uninterrupted chest compression.


METHODS
We performed a randomised crossover study with a convenience sample of emergency physicians using three different ETI techniques: direct laryngoscopy (DL), GlideScope video laryngoscopy (GVL) and GlideScope video laryngoscopy with bougie (GVL-B). Providers performed ETI on a manikin on a hospital bed with concurrent chest compressions. Our primary outcome, TTI, was defined as the time from insertion of the laryngoscope blade until first breath. Given the correlated nature of the data, we used the paired t test to assess the differences in mean TTIs between GVL minus DL and GVL-B minus DL. We also ran the analysis stratified by provider experience.


RESULTS
We enrolled 20 providers with a median TTI (IQR) by device of: DL 27 s (20.3, 35.4), GVL 20.6 s (17.7, 27.1) and GVL-B 60.1 s (39.1, 99). The mean GVL-DL difference was -10.1 s (-17.9-2.3) while the mean GVL-B-DL difference was 45.6 s (19.8-71.4) (p<0.001). The GVL-B required the greatest TTI across providers of varying experience levels.


CONCLUSIONS
In this simulated model of cardiac arrest with uninterrupted chest compressions, TTI was shorter for GVL than DL while use of the GVL with bougie resulted in longer TTI.
Effects of indomethacin prophylaxis timing on intraventricular haemorrhage and patent ductus arteriosus in extremely low birth weight infants.

OBJECTIVE
Indomethacin prophylaxis (IP) reduces the risk of intraventricular haemorrhage (IVH) and patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) in preterm infants. However, the optimal time to administer IP has not been determined. We hypothesised that IP at ≤6 h is associated with a lower incidence of IVH or death than if administered at >6-24 h of age.


METHODS
We performed a retrospective cohort study of extremely low birth weight infants (≤1000 g birth weight) treated in the neonatal intensive care units in the Neonatal Research Network from 2003 to 2010 and who received IP in the first 24 h of age. Infants were dichotomised based upon receipt of IP at ≤6 or >6-24 h of age. The primary outcomes were IVH alone and IVH or death. Secondary outcomes were PDA alone and PDA or death. We used multivariable analyses to determine associations between the age of IP and the study outcomes expressed as an OR and 95% CI.


RESULTS
IP was given at ≤6 h to 2340 infants and at >6-24 h to 1915 infants. Infants given IP at ≤6 h had more antenatal steroid exposure, more inborn and less cardiopulmonary resuscitation (p<0.01). After multivariable analyses, age of IP receipt was not associated with IVH, and IVH or death but PDA receiving treatment/ligation or death was lower among IP at ≤6 h compared with IP at >6-24 h (OR 0.83, 95% CI 0.71 to 0.98).


CONCLUSIONS
IP at ≤6 h of age is not associated with less IVH or death, but is associated with less PDA receiving treatment/ligation or death.
The Response of Atmospheric CO2 to Changes in Land Use

This chapter contains sections titled: Methods, The Simulations, Results and Discussion, Conclusions, Acknowledgments
Middle America : its lands and peoples

1. Cultural Characteristics and Diversity of Middle America. 2. Physical Patterns of Middle America. 3. Geographic Parameters in West Indian History. 4. Economic Geography of the Present-Day West Indies. 5. Population and Political Geography of the Present-Day West Indies. 6. The West Indies: The Hispanic Territories and Haiti. 7. The West Indies: Jamaica, The Lesser Antilles, and the Bahamas. 8. Pre-Conquest Mexico and Central America. 9. Conquest and Settlement of Mexico and Central America. 10. The Colonial Economy in Mexico and Central America. 11. The People and Economy of Modern Mexico. 12. Culture Regions in Mexico. 13. Main Characteristics of Present-Day Central America. 14. Central America: The Northern Sector. 15. Central America: The Southern Sector. 16. Middle America: Summary and Outlook. Index.
review of solar photovoltaic technologies

Global environmental concerns and the escalating demand for energy, coupled with steady progress in renewable energy technologies, are opening up new opportunities for utilization of renewable energy vailable online 12 January 2011
[Rare benign breast tumors including Abrikossoff tumor (granular cell tumor), erosive adenomatosis of the nipple, cytosteatonecrosis, fibromatosis (desmoid tumor), galactocele, hamartoma, hemangioma, lipoma, juvenile papillomatosis, pseudoangiomatous hyperplasia, and syringomatous adenoma: Guideline

OBJECTIVES
To provide guidelines for clinical practice from the French College of Gynaecologists and Obstetricians (CNGOF), based on the best evidence available, concerning rare benign breast tumors: Abrikossoff (granular cell tumor), erosive adenomatosis of the nipple, cytosteatonecrosis, fibromatosis (desmoid tumor), galactocele, hamartoma, hemangioma, lipoma, juvenile papillomatosis, pseudoangiomatous hyperplasia, and syringomatous adenoma.


METHODS
Bibliographical search in French and English languages by consultation of Pubmed, Cochrane and international databases.


RESULTS
For erosive adenomatosis of the nipple, surgical excision is recommended to exclude Paget's disease or cancer (grade C). When surgery is performed for breast desmoid tumor or syringomatous adenoma, free margins are recommended (grade C). Without clinico-radio-histologic discordance, surgical abstention may be proposed for Abrikossoff tumor (granular cell tumor), cytosteatonecrosis, galactocele, hamartoma, hemangioma, lipoma, juvenile papillomatosis, pseudoangiomatous hyperplasia, and syringomatous adenoma (grade C).
Comments on 'Regular inflationary cosmology and gauge theories of gravitation'

In this note we comment recent paper by A.V. Minkevich 'Regular inflationary cosmol-ogy and gauge theories of gravitation' on the 'bouncing' character of flat-type inflationary cosmological models within gauge theories of gravity. Recently [1] it was argued that inflationary cosmological solutions in the case of flat models within the framework of gauge theories of gravity have 'bouncing' character and they can be used in order to build regular inflationary models. Below we show that this conclusion is not valid. In spite of the fact, that oscillations (when Hubble parameter changes sign twice) could take place in course of the evolution of the Universe, such solutions necessary experience singularity in the future or in the past. Analysis of flat-type inflationary cosmological models with massive scalar field within gauge theories of gravity was carried out in the paper [2]. Qualitative analysis shows that unlike the case of General Relativity there are edges of the phase space separating 'physical' regions where Hubble parameter is real from 'unphysical' regions where Hubble parameter is complex. This allows to obtain the following conclusions: 1. At contraction stage the Hubble parameter tends to negative value depending on the mass of scalar field. 2. At expansion stage inflation is a generic feature of solutions of gauge theories of gravity cosmological equations. Our analysis was based on the idea that in the case of flat models Hubble parameter can be expressed as a function of the scalar field variables [2], namely ϕ and ˙ ϕ via cosmological equations: H =
A Parallel Hybrid Electric Vehicle Energy Management Strategy Using Stochastic Model Predictive Control With Road Grade Preview

The energy efficiency of parallel hybrid electric vehicles (HEVs) can degrade significantly when the battery state-of-charge (SoC) reaches its boundaries. The road grade has a great influence on the HEV battery charging and discharging processes, and therefore the HEV energy management can be benefited from the road grade preview. In real-world driving, the road grade ahead can be considered as a random variable because the future route is not always available to the HEV controller. This brief proposes a stochastic model predictive control-based energy management strategy using the vehicle location, traveling direction, and terrain information of the area for HEVs running in hilly regions with light traffic. The strategy does not require a determined route being known in advance. The road grade is modeled as a Markov chain and stochastic HEV fuel consumption and battery SoC models are developed. The HEV energy management problem is formulated as a finite-horizon Markov decision process and solved using stochastic dynamic programming. The proposed method is evaluated in simulation and compared with an equivalent consumption minimization strategy and the dynamic programming results. It is shown that the developed method can help maintaining the battery SoC within its boundaries and achieve good energy consumption performance.
Challenges and business models for mobile location-based services and advertising

Mobile advertising will become more pervasive and profitable, but not before addressing key technical and business challenges.
Adaptation to Climate Change in the Context of Sustainable Development and Equity 18

Executive Summary 8 7 9 1 8. 1. I n t ro d u c t i o n : Adaptation and Adaptive Capacity 8 8 1 1 8. 2. Adaptation Characteristics and Pro c e s s e s 8 8 2 1 8. 2. 1. Components and Forms of A d a p t a t i o n 8 8 2 1 8. 2. 2. Climate Stimuli for A d a p t a t i o n A d a p t a t i o n s 8 8 4 1 8. 3. F u t u re A d a p t a t i o n s
Communication learning outcomes from software engineering professionals: A basis for teaching communication in the engineering curriculum

It is widely acknowledged that employers tend to be dissatisfied with the communication skills of new engineering graduates, yet research into employers' expectations has not provided a sufficient foundation for incorporating workplace communication skills into the engineering curriculum. This study seeks to bridge that communication gap. Through focus groups and interviews with software engineers and managers, we have identified over 35 communication skills that comprise communication in the software engineering workplace, including a broad range of formal, interpersonal, professional, and team communication skills. These skills are presented in the form of outcomes that can be used by faculty not only to build a communication-rich program but also to enhance classroom instruction. Although the focus of this study is software engineering, most of the outcomes are applicable to other engineering programs.
Linear, machine learning and probabilistic approaches for time series analysis

In this paper we study different approaches for time series modeling. The forecasting approaches using linear models, ARIMA algorithm, XGBoost machine learning algorithm are described. Results of different model combinations are shown. For probabilistic modeling the approaches using copulas and Bayesian inference are considered.
A maturity model for blockchain adoption

Background: The rapid development of the blockchain technology and its various applications has rendered it important to understand the guidelines for adopting it. Methods: The comparative analysis method is used to analyze different dimensions of the maturity model, which is mainly based on the commonly used capability maturity model. Results: The blockchain maturity model and its adoption process have been discussed and presented. Conclusions: This study serves as a guide to institutions to make blockchain adoption decisions more systematically.
Offline symbolic analysis to infer Total Store Order

Ability to record and replay an execution can significantly help programmers debug their programs, especially parallel programs. De-terministically replaying a multiprocessor's execution under a relaxed memory model has remained a challenging problem. This is an important problem as most modern processors only support a relaxed memory model to enable many performance critical optimizations. The most common consistency model implemented in processors is the Total Store Order (TSO). We present an efficient and low-complexity processor based solution for recording and replaying under the Total Store Order (TSO) memory model. Processor provides support for logging data fetched on cache misses. Using this information each thread can be de-terministically replayed. A TSO-compliant casual order between the shared-memory accesses executed in different threads is then inferred using an offline algorithm based on Satisfiability Modulo Theory (SMT) solver. We also discuss methods to bound the search space during offline analysis and several optimizations to reduce the offline analysis time.
Attentional Bias for Threat in Intergroup Anxiety

Threatening faces draw our attention with particular speed, a phenomenon commonly documented using behavioral measures such as the facial dot probe task. However, other aspects of the face that such tasks often fail to take into account, such as characteristics that signal race, also may influence threat perception. If dot probe tasks are to continue to serve as key measures of threat bias in research, we must understand whether and how the facial contexts in which angry expressions appear influence people’s attention to those expressions. The current study examined the ways in which emotional expression and facial race signifiers interact to convey threat in individuals with varying levels of racial intergroup anxiety. I proposed that participant race would moderate the relationship between intergroup anxiety and attentional bias to White and Black stimulus faces. One hundred and sixteen participants (Black = 58; White = 58) completed a modified version of the facial dot probe task, as well as self-report measures encompassing intergroup anxiety and individual demographics. Results indicated that participant race did not significantly moderate the association between intergroup anxiety for Black or White threatening faces. However, key group differences in attentional biases for threat were evident. White participants, but not Black participants, displayed statistically significant biases toward Black threatening faces. Additionally, for White participants, but not Black participants, increases in intergroup anxiety were associated with increases in attentional bias for Black faces. These findings provide a first step toward understanding the influence that facial signals of race may have on attentional allocation for threat cues within the dot probe task. They also highlight the need for increased care when generalizing findings from dot probe studies to diverse populations. Suggestions for future research include investigating the potential contribution of implicit attitudes to attentional bias for outgroup threat and including gender as an intergroup variable. INDEX WORDS: Intergroup anxiety, Attention, Threat perception, Race, Emotion, Dot probe ATTENTIONAL BIAS FOR THREAT IN INTERGROUP ANXIETY
Domain-based virtualized resource management in cloud computing

Cloud computing has drawn much attention in recent years. One of its delivery models, called infrastructure as a service (IaaS), provides users with infrastructure services such as computation and data storage, heavily dependent upon virtualization techniques that offers benefits such as elasticity and cost efficiency. Most of current IaaS service providers have adopted a user-based service model, where users are directly mapped to virtualized resources that they want to use and they are charged based on usage. Hence, user and resource management are centralized and easily administered at the IaaS provider. However, this also results in the lack of support for scalable management of users and resources, organization-level security policy, let alone flexible pricing model. Considering the increasing popularity of cloud computing, there is a strong need for a more scalable and flexible IaaS model, along with a more fine grained access control mechanism. In this paper we propose a domain-based framework for provisioning and managing users and virtualized resources in IaaS to address this issue. Specifically, an additional layer called domain is introduced to the user-based service model, and the domain layer facilitates the de-centralization of user and virtualized resource management in IaaS. The cloud service provider is able to delegate its administrative works to domains, and domains manage their users and virtualized resources allocated from the cloud service provider. Our framework provides benefits such as scalable user/resource management, domain-based advanced policy support, and flexible pricing.
Effectiveness of roll-over protective structures in reducing farm tractor fatalities.

OBJECTIVE
The purpose of this systematic review was to evaluate the effectiveness of roll-over protection structures (ROPS) as an engineering control for prevention of fatalities from farm tractor roll-overs.


METHODS
Using a systematic approach to literature searching, relevant studies from peer-reviewed journals, technical and government reports, and unpublished reports were retrieved. Studies meeting initial criteria for possible inclusion were screened to determine whether they addressed the review topic (ROPS), included comparison data and included outcomes data such as injury or fatality. Articles that evaluated the use and impact of ROPS on operators of agricultural tractors were reviewed. Outcomes included two primary categories: implementation of ROPS and fatalities.


MAIN RESULTS
Of a total 207 citations reviewed, 53 met initial screening criteria and 21 studies were included in this review. Farm tractor roll-overs result in approximately 200 fatalities per year in the United States. ROPS or crush-proof cabs, which are designed to protect the farmer during a roll-over incident, are currently used on only about 50% of the estimated 4.8 million tractors in the United States. A significant proportion of tractors built after 1985 (when manufacturers began implementing a voluntary ROPS standard) have had ROPS removed. Evidence from Sweden and other Northern European countries clearly demonstrates that ROPS can essentially eliminate roll-over fatalities. In the United States, the only fatalities associated with roll-overs of ROPS-equipped tractors occurred when farmers did not use a seatbelt to hold them within the protective envelope of the ROPS. Estimates of costs of programs to retrofit older tractors with ROPS range from approximately $500,000 to $900,000 per life saved, which is comparable to other accepted life-saving interventions.


CONCLUSIONS
Future research efforts should include the development of collapsible and telescoping ROPS that can be used in low clearance areas such as dairy barns and fruit orchards. ROPS retrofits also need to be developed for many older tractor models. Effective educational and incentive programs need to be developed to increase the acceptance and use of ROPS among U.S. farmers. A national policy should be implemented to ensure that all tractors operated in the United States are equipped with ROPS or crush-proof cabs.
Person Identification on the Basis of Footprint Geometry

With a number of emerging biometric applications there is a dire need of less expensive authentication technique which can authenticate even if the input image is of low resolution and low quality. Foot biometric has both the physiological and behavioral characteristics still it is an abandoned field. The reason behind this is, it involves removal of shoes and socks while capturing the image and also dirty feet makes the image noisy. Cracked heels is also a reason behind noisy images. Physiological and behavioral biometric characteristics makes it a great alternative to computational intensive algorithms like fingerprint, palm print, retina or iris scan [1] and face. On one hand foot biometric has minutia features which is considered totally unique. The uniqueness of minutiae feature is already tested in fingerprint analysis [2]. On the other hand it has geometric features like hand geometry which also give satisfactory results in recognition. We can easily apply foot biometrics at those places where people inherently remove their shoes, like at holy places such as temples and mosque people remove their shoes before entering from the perspective of faith, and also remove shoes at famous monuments such as The Taj Mahal, India from the perspective of cleanliness and preservation. Usually these are the places with a strong foot fall and high risk security due to chaotic crowd. Most of the robbery, theft, terrorist attacks, are happening at these places. One very fine example is Akshardham attack in September 2002. Hence we can secure these places using low cost security algorithms based on footprint recognition.