LLukas22/scidocs huggingface dataset:
AWARENESS, USAGE AND BENEFITS OF BUILDING INFORMATION MODELLING (BIM) ADOPTION - THE CASE OF THE SOUTH AUSTRALIAN CONSTRUCTION ORGANISATIONS

Research has shown that while Building information modelling (BIM) is not a new concept, and that its uptake is becoming an increasingly important factor in the efficiency and international competitiveness of the Australian construction industry (ACI), when compared with other industries, the ACI is often regarded as being slow to implement new ideas and technologies. Furthermore, they are limited studies conducted which seek to assess the current levels of awareness, usage and advocated benefits of BIM among construction organisations, within the context of South Australia. The study is aimed at filling that knowledge gap. The objectives of this study were to: (1) ascertain the current awareness and determine usage rates of BIM adoption; and (2) establish the advocated benefits relating to the adoption of BIM relative to its impact on project outcomes among the stakeholders of the South Australian construction industry. A field study was conducted with a randomly selected sample of twenty-nine construction organisations. Ten BIM benefits were used, and survey response data were collected using structured questionnaires and analysed using mean and ranking analysis. Relative to the awareness and usage, the findings indicates that a significant proportion of respondents have little or no understanding on the concept of BIM and the usage was found to be very low. The results indicated that ‘improved constructability’, ‘improved visualisation’, ‘improved productivity’, and ‘reduced clashes’ as the highly ranked benefits associated with BIM adoption. The highly ranked major issues surrounding the adopting or use of BIM were ‘lack of understanding about BIM’, ‘education & training costs’ ‘start-up costs’ and ‘changing the way firms do business’. The practical implication for Senior Managers within the construction organisations are that; awareness of BIM processes through education and training; both formal and informal process including more information, and provision of expertise within BIM could enhance the levels of adoption.
Education and Ideology.

An alternative approach to shaping the ideology of today's Russia could be to create an ideology of "neo-enlightenment" based on the values of the educational culture in Russian society.
Integrating Information and Knowledge for Enterprise Innovation

It has widely been accepted that enterprise integration, can be a source of sociotechnical and cultural problems within organisations wishing to provide a focussed end-to-end business service. This can cause possible “straitjacketing” of business process architectures, thus suppressing responsive business reengineering and competitive advantage for some companies. Accordingly, the current typology and emergent forms of Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) and Enterprise Application Integration (EAI) technologies are set in the context of understanding information and knowledge integration philosophies. As such, key influences and trends in emerging IS integration choices, for end-to-end, costeffective and flexible knowledge integration, are examined. As touch points across and outside organisations proliferate, via work-flow and relationship management-driven value innovation, aspects of knowledge refinement and knowledge integration pose challenges to maximising the potential of innovation and sustainable success, within enterprises. This is in terms of the increasing propensity for data fragmentation and the lack of effective information management, in the light of information overload. Furthermore, the nature of IS mediation which is inherent within decision making and workflow-based business processes, provides the basis for evaluation of the effects of information and knowledge integration. Hence, the authors propose a conceptual, holistic evaluation framework which encompasses these ideas. It is thus argued that such trends, and their implications regarding enterprise IS integration to engender sustainable competitive advantage, require fundamental re-thinking.
Undergraduate nursing students' attitudes and use of research and evidence-based practice - an integrative literature review.

AIMS AND OBJECTIVES
This integrative review of the literature addresses undergraduate nursing students' attitudes towards and use of research and evidence-based practice, and factors influencing this. Current use of research and evidence within practice, and the influences and perceptions of students in using these tools in the clinical setting are explored.


BACKGROUND
Evidence-based practice is an increasingly critical aspect of quality health care delivery, with nurses requiring skills in sourcing relevant information to guide the care they provide. Yet, barriers to engaging in evidence-based practice remain. To increase nurses' use of evidence-based practice within healthcare settings, the concepts and skills required must be introduced early in their career. To date, however, there is little evidence to show if and how this inclusion makes a difference.


DESIGN
Integrative literature review.


METHODS
ProQuest, Summon, Science Direct, Ovid, CIAP, Google scholar and SAGE databases were searched, and Snowball search strategies used. One hundred and eighty-one articles were reviewed. Articles were then discarded for irrelevance. Nine articles discussed student attitudes and utilisation of research and evidence-based practice.


RESULTS
Factors surrounding the attitudes and use of research and evidence-based practice were identified, and included the students' capability beliefs, the students' attitudes, and the attitudes and support capabilities of wards/preceptors.


CONCLUSIONS
Undergraduate nursing students are generally positive toward using research for evidence-based practice, but experience a lack of support and opportunity. These students face cultural and attitudinal disadvantage, and lack confidence to practice independently. Further research and collaboration between educational facilities and clinical settings may improve utilisation.


RELEVANCE TO CLINICAL PRACTICE
This paper adds further discussion to the topic from the perspective of and including influences surrounding undergraduate students and new graduate nurses.
Associations with Intraocular Pressure in a Large Cohort: Results from the UK Biobank.

PURPOSE
To describe the associations of physical and demographic factors with Goldmann-correlated intraocular pressure (IOPg) and corneal-compensated intraocular pressure (IOPcc) in a British cohort.


DESIGN
Cross-sectional study within the UK Biobank, a large-scale multisite cohort study in the United Kingdom.


PARTICIPANTS
We included 110 573 participants from the UK Biobank with intraocular pressure (IOP) measurements available. Their mean age was 57 years (range, 40-69 years); 54% were women, and 90% were white.


METHODS
Participants had 1 IOP measurement made on each eye using the Ocular Response Analyzer noncontact tonometer. Linear regression models were used to assess the associations of IOP with physical and demographic factors.


MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES
The IOPg and IOPcc.


RESULTS
The mean IOPg was 15.72 mmHg (95% confidence interval [CI], 15.70-15.74 mmHg), and the mean IOPcc was 15.95 mmHg (15.92-15.97 mmHg). After adjusting for covariates, IOPg and IOPcc were both significantly associated with older age, male sex, higher systolic blood pressure (SBP), faster heart rate, greater myopia, self-reported glaucoma, and colder season (all P < 0.001). The strongest determinants of both IOPg and IOPcc were SBP (partial R(2): IOPg 2.30%, IOPcc 2.26%), followed by refractive error (IOPg 0.60%, IOPcc 1.04%). The following variables had different directions of association with IOPg and IOPcc: height (-0.77 mmHg/m IOPg; 1.03 mmHg/m IOPcc), smoking (0.19 mmHg IOPg, -0.35 mmHg IOPcc), self-reported diabetes (0.41 mmHg IOPg, -0.05 mmHg IOPcc), and black ethnicity (-0.80 mmHg IOPg, 0.77 mmHg IOPcc). This suggests that height, smoking, diabetes, and ethnicity are related to corneal biomechanical properties. The increase in both IOPg and IOPcc with age was greatest among those of mixed ethnicities, followed by blacks and whites. The same set of covariates explained 7.4% of the variability of IOPcc but only 5.3% of the variability of IOPg.


CONCLUSIONS
This analysis of associations with IOP in a large cohort demonstrated that some variables clearly have different associations with IOPg and IOPcc, and that these 2 measurements may reflect different biological characteristics.
Effectiveness of an Internet Intervention for Family Caregivers of People with Dementia: Results of a Randomized Controlled Trial

BACKGROUND
The World Health Organization stresses the importance of accessible and (cost)effective caregiver support, given the expected increase in the number of people with dementia and the detrimental impact on the mental health of family caregivers.


METHODS
This study assessed the effectiveness of the Internet intervention 'Mastery over Dementia'. In a RCT, 251 caregivers, of whom six were lost at baseline, were randomly assigned to two groups. Caregivers in the experimental group (N = 149) were compared to caregivers who received a minimal intervention consisting of e-bulletins (N = 96). Outcomes were symptoms of depression (Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale: CES-D) and anxiety (Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale: HADS-A). All data were collected via the Internet, and an intention-to-treat analysis was carried out.


RESULTS
Almost all caregivers were spouses or children (in-law). They were predominantly female and lived with the care recipient in the same household. Age of the caregivers varied from 26 to 87 years. Level of education varied from primary school to university, with almost half of them holding a bachelor's degree or higher. Regression analyses showed that caregivers in the experimental group showed significantly lower symptoms of depression (p = .034) and anxiety (p = .007) post intervention after adjustment for baseline differences in the primary outcome scores and the functional status of the patients with dementia. Effect sizes were moderate for symptoms of anxiety (.48) and small for depressive symptoms (.26).


CONCLUSIONS
The Internet course 'Mastery over Dementia' offers an effective treatment for family caregivers of people with dementia reducing symptoms of depression and anxiety. The results of this study justify further development of Internet interventions for family caregivers of people with dementia and suggest that such interventions are promising for keeping support for family caregivers accessible and affordable. The findings are even more promising because future generations of family caregivers will be more familiar with the Internet.


TRIAL REGISTRATION
Dutch Trial Register NTR-2051 www.trialregister.nl/trialreg/admin/rctview.asp?TC=2051.
Clinical policies on the management of chronic kidney disease patients in Italy.

BACKGROUND
Recent studies have indicated that the implementation of international guidelines for the management of renal patients is suboptimal in Italy. The Italian Society of Nephrology (SIN) decided to undertake a multicentre study to obtain a clear picture of clinical policies on chronic kidney disease (CKD) in Italy.


METHODS
A 76-item structured questionnaire, designed to evaluate the organization of clinical care, was administered to the director of each participating centre, within the context of a large observational trial in 100 Italian nephrology centres, collecting information on newly diagnosed CKD patients (K/DOQI stage 3-5) on conservative treatment. This paper reports the questionnaire results related to management of anaemia and bone metabolism disorders; assessment of renal function; creation of a vascular access for dialysis and referral of patients to a nephrologist.


RESULTS
Clinical policies at the centre level deviated from guideline recommendations in 70% (timing of vascular access creation) to 25% (assessment of iron deficiency) of centres. Assessment of renal function differed from the recommended approach in 30% of centres; clinical policies related to anaemia and bone disease did not coincide with guideline standards in 50 and 40% of centres, respectively. Directors of renal unit estimates indicate that the creation of a vascular access occurs very late in 38% of patients and that referral to a nephrologist is late in approximately 40% of cases.


CONCLUSION
This survey in Italy highlights important deviations of clinical policies at the centre level from guideline recommendations.
Government 2.0: Making connections between citizens, data and government

The revolution in information and communication technologies (ICT) has been changing not only the daily lives of people but also the interactions between governments and citizens. The digital government or electronic government (e-government) has started as a new form of public organization that supports and redefines the existing and new information, communication and transaction-related interactions with stakeholders (e.g., citizens and businesses) through ICT, especially through the Internet and Web technologies, with the purpose of improving government performance and processes [1].
Patients with moderate rheumatoid arthritis (RA) achieve better disease activity states with etanercept treatment than patients with severe RA.

OBJECTIVE
This analysis examined clinical and radiographic responses to methotrexate (MTX), etanercept (ETN), and combination ETN and MTX in patients with moderate versus severe rheumatoid arthritis (RA) in both early and late disease.


METHODS
Data from the Trial of Etanercept and Methotrexate With Radiographic Patient Outcomes (TEMPO) and the Early Rheumatoid Arthritis trials were used. Patients were classified with moderate or severe RA based on Disease Activity Score including 28-joint count (DAS28). Outcomes included DAS28 remission, DAS28 low disease activity, Health Assessment Questionnaire (HAQ), American College of Rheumatology (ACR) scores, Total Sharp Score (TSS) progression, no radiographic progression (annualized change in TSS > or = 0), change from baseline in TSS, and the change in TSS for patients who had radiographic progression (TSS > 0).


RESULTS
Patients with moderate disease generally achieved better clinical outcomes than patients with severe disease, including significant differences in DAS28 remission, low disease activity, and HAQ < or =0.5 at Month 12. Patients with baseline severe disease had higher ACR and DAS responses than patients with moderate disease.


CONCLUSION
Patients with severe RA disease activity achieved substantial clinical improvement with high-dose MTX and/or ETN treatment, but patients with moderate disease were more likely to reach a lower disease activity state. These findings were independent of disease duration. The results support the opportunity for excellent clinical outcomes, particularly with combination therapy, in patients with moderate RA.
Contribution LIVER STEATOSIS CLASSIFICATION USING HIGH-FREQUENCY ULTRASOUND

High-frequency B-mode images of 19 fresh human liver samples were obtained to evaluate their usefulness in determining the steatosis grade. The images were acquired by a mechanically controlled singlecrystal probe at 25 MHz. Image features derived from gray-level concurrence and nonseparable wavelet transform were extracted to classify steatosis grade using a classifier known as the support vector machine. A subsequent histologic examination of each liver sample graded the steatosis from 0 to 3. The four grades were then combined into two, three and four classes. The classification results were correlated with histology. The best classification accuracies of the two, three and four classes were 90.5%, 85.8% and 82.6%, respectively, which were markedly better than those at 7 MHz. These results indicate that liver steatosis can be more accurately characterized using high-frequency B-mode ultrasound. Limitations and their potential solutions of applying high-frequency ultrasound to liver imaging are also discussed. (E-mail: paichi@cc.ee.ntu.edu.tw) © 2005 World Federation for Ultrasound in Medicine & Biology.
Abnormal Structural Networks Characterize Major Depressive Disorder: A Connectome Analysis

BACKGROUND
Major depressive disorder (MDD) has been shown to be associated with a disrupted topological organization of functional brain networks. However, little is known regarding whether these changes have a structural basis. Diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) enables comprehensive whole-brain mapping of the white matter tracts that link regions distributed throughout the entire brain, the so-called human connectome.


METHODS
We examined whole-brain structural networks in a cohort of 95 MDD outpatients and 102 matched control subjects. Structural networks were represented by an 84 × 84 connectivity matrix representing probabilistic white matter connections between 84 parcellated cortical and subcortical regions using DTI tractography. Network-based statistics were used to assess differences in the interregional connectivity matrix between the two groups, and graph theory was used to examine overall topological organization.


RESULTS
Our network-based statistics analysis demonstrates lowered structural connectivity within two distinct brain networks that are present in depression: the first primarily involves the regions of the default mode network and the second comprises the frontal cortex, thalamus, and caudate regions that are central in emotional and cognitive processing. These two altered networks were observed in the context of an overall preservation of topology as reflected as no significant group differences for the graph-theory measures.


CONCLUSIONS
This is the first report to use DTI to show the structural connectomic alterations present in MDD. Our findings highlight that altered structural connectivity between nodes of the default mode network and the frontal-thalamo-caudate regions are core neurobiological features associated with MDD.
The duration of antigen receptor signalling determines CD4+ versus CD8+ T-cell lineage fate

Signals elicited by binding of the T-cell antigen receptor and the CD4/CD8 co-receptor to major histocompatibility complex (MHC) molecules control the generation of CD4+ (helper) or CD8+ (cytotoxic) T cells from thymic precursors that initially express both co-receptor proteins. These precursors have unique, clonally distributed T-cell receptors with unpredictable specificity for the self-MHC molecules involved in this differentiation process. However, the mature T cells that emerge express only the CD4 (MHC class II-binding) or CD8 (MHC class I-binding) co-receptor that complements the MHC class-specificity of the T-cell receptor. How this matching of co-receptor-defined lineage and T-cell-receptor specificity is achieved remains unknown, as does whether signalling by the T-cell receptors, co-receptors and/or general cell-fate regulators such as Notch-1 (refs 5, 6) contributes to initial lineage choice, to subsequent differentiation processes or to both. Here we show that the CD4 versus CD8 lineage fate of immature thymocytes is controlled by the co-receptor-influenced duration of initial T-cell receptor-dependent signalling. Notch-1 does not appear to be essential for this fate determination, but it is selectively required for CD8 + T-cell maturation after commitment directed by T-cell receptors. This indicates that the signals constraining CD4 versus CD8 lineage decisions are distinct from those that support subsequent differentiation events such as silencing of co-receptor loci.
Psychological peculiarities of emotional intelligence formation of senior preschoolers

In this article we try to present some results of our research on emotional intelligence formation of senior preschoolers. The definition, two-level structure model of emotional intelligence and model of development and formation of emotional intelligence for this particular age are also presented for the very first time.
Adjacent Track Interference in Perpendicular Recording

In the present paper we investigate the effects of adjacent track interference (ATI), which include changes in amplitude, erase band width, and byte error rate. In-depth understanding of these effects, called adjacent track interference (ATI), is of great interest and allows improving the design of the individual components in the hard disk drive. A similar spinstand measurement is also devised to measure the ATI effects on byte error rate.
A protocol for the 0.9% saline versus Plasma-Lyte 148 for intensive care fluid therapy (SPLIT) study.

BACKGROUND
0.9% saline is the most commonly used intravenous (IV) fluid in the world. However, recent data raise the possibility that, compared with buffered crystalloid fluids such as Plasma-Lyte 148, the administration of 0.9% saline to intensive care unit patients might increase their risk of acute kidney injury (AKI).


OBJECTIVE
To describe the protocol for the 0.9% Saline v Plasma-Lyte 148 for ICU Fluid Therapy (SPLIT) study.


METHODS
This is a multicentre, cluster-randomised, double crossover feasibility study to be conducted in four New Zealand tertiary ICUs over a 28-week period and will enroll about 2300 participants. All ICU patients who need crystalloid IV fluid therapy (except those with established renal failure needing dialysis and those admitted to the ICU for palliative care) will be enrolled. Participating ICUs will be randomly assigned to 0.9% saline or Plasma-Lyte 148 as the routine crystalloid IV fluid, in a blinded fashion, in four alternating 7-week blocks.


MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES
The primary outcome will be the proportion of patients who develop AKI in the ICU. Secondary outcomes will include the difference between the most recent serum creatinine level measured before study enrollment and the peak serum creatinine level in the ICU; use of renal replacement therapy; and ICU and in hospital mortality. All analyses will be conducted on an intention-to-treat basis.


RESULTS AND CONCLUSION
The SPLIT study started on 1 April 2014 and will provide preliminary data on the comparative effectiveness of using 0.9% saline v Plasma- Lyte 148 as the routine IV fluid therapy in ICU patients.