LLukas22/scidocs huggingface dataset:
Predicting Breast Cancer Recurrence Using Machine Learning Techniques: A Systematic Review

Background: Recurrence is an important cornerstone in breast cancer behavior, intrinsically related to mortality. In spite of its relevance, it is rarely recorded in the majority of breast cancer datasets, which makes research in its prediction more difficult. Objectives: To evaluate the performance of machine learning techniques applied to the prediction of breast cancer recurrence. Material and Methods: Revision of published works that used machine learning techniques in local and open source databases between 1997 and 2014. Results: The revision showed that it is difficult to obtain a representative dataset for breast cancer recurrence and there is no consensus on the best set of predictors for this disease. High accuracy results are often achieved, yet compromising sensitivity. The missing data and class imbalance problems are rarely addressed and most often the chosen performance metrics are inappropriate for the context. Discussion and Conclusions: Although different techniques have been used, prediction of breast cancer recurrence is still an open problem. The combination of different machine learning techniques, along with the definition of standard predictors for breast cancer recurrence seem to be the main future directions to obtain better results.
Comparison of paraspinal muscle injury in one-level lumbar posterior inter-body fusion: modified minimally invasive and traditional open approaches.

OBJECTIVE
To determine differences in paraspinal muscle injury between a modified minimally invasive approach (MMIA) and a traditional operative approach (TOPA) for one-level instrumented posterior lumbar inter-body fusion (PLIF).


METHODS
From March 2006 to May 2008, a consecutive series of 91 patients who underwent a one-level instrumented PLIF procedure using one of two different approaches (MMIA in 41 patients and TOPA in 50), and who were operated on by one group of surgeons at a single institution, was studied. The following data were compared between the two groups: surgical time, blood loss, and changes in postoperative serum concentration of creatinine kinase (CK). More than 1 year post operation, low back pain was evaluated by a visual analog scale (VAS) and the Oswestry disability index (ODI). Some patients were also evaluated by MRI to allow comparison of the preoperative and postoperative cross sectional area (CSA) and fat degeneration grades at the operative level.


RESULTS
There was no statistically significant difference in surgical time, but blood loss, serum concentration of CK, and scores of the VAS and ODI were markedly less in the MMIA group compared with the TOPA group. In the TOPA group, the postoperative CSA of the multifidus muscles was significantly smaller than it was pre-operatively. In contrast, there was no significant difference between the pre- and post-operative CSA of the multifidus muscles in the MMIA group. There was more fatty infiltration postoperatively than preoperatively in both the TOPA and MMIA groups, the increase in fatty infiltration being greater in the TOPA than in the MMIA group.


CONCLUSION
Compared with TOPA, MMIA can significantly lessen paraspinal muscle injury, and reduce the incidence of low back pain.
SCATTERING OF REAL PHOTONS AND THE STRUCTURE OF BARYONS.

Abstract The leading corrections to point scattering from the proton are characterized by two charge and four spin-polarizability parameters that are sensitive to the proton's internal structure. We review the status of these, focusing on a recent extraction of the backward spin-polarizability, γ π = [−27.1 ± 2.2( stat + sys ) −2.4 +2.8 ( model )] × 10 −4 fm 4 , which differs significantly from theoretical expectations.
The effectiveness of relaxation acupoint stimulation and acupressure with aromatic lavender essential oil for non-specific low back pain in Hong Kong: a randomised controlled trial.

OBJECTIVES
To assess the effect of acupoint stimulation with electrodes combined with acupressure using an aromatic essential oil (lavender) as an add-on-treatment on pain relief and enhancing the physical functional activities among adults with sub-acute or chronic non-specific low back pain.


DESIGN
Randomised controlled trial.


SETTING
The community centre, Old-Aged Home and Women Workers Association, Hong Kong.


INTERVENTION
8-session relaxation acupoint stimulation followed by acupressure with lavender oil over a 3-week period. The control group received usual care only.


OUTCOME MEASURES
Changes from baseline to the end of treatment were assessed in pain intensity (by Visual Analogue Scale) and duration; lateral fingertip-to-ground distance in centimetres; walking time and interference on daily activities.


RESULTS
The baseline VAS scores for the intervention and control groups were 6.38 (S.E.M. = 0.22) and 5.70 (S.E.M. = 0.37) out of 10, respectively ( P=0.24 ). One week after the end of treatment, the intervention group had 39% greater reduction in VAS pain intensity than the control group ( P=0.0001 ), improved walking time ( P=0.05 ) and greater lateral spine flexion range ( P=0.01 ).


CONCLUSIONS
Our results show that 8-sessions of acupoint stimulation followed by acupressure with aromatic lavender oil were an effective method for short-term LBP relief. No adverse effects were reported. To complement mainstream medical treatment for sub-acute LBP, the combined therapy of acupoint stimulation followed by acupressure with aromatic lavender oil may be one of the choices as an add-on therapy for short-term reduction of LBP.
Natural Language Analysis Of Patent Claims

We propose a NLP methodology for analyzing patent claims that combines symbolic grammar formalisms with dataintensive methods while enhancing analysis robustness. The output of our analyzer is a shallow interlingual representation that captures both the structure and content of a claim text. The methodology can be used in any patent-related application, such as machine translation, improving readability of patent claims, information retrieval, extraction, summarization, generation, etc. The methodology should be universal in the sense that it could be applied to any language, other parts of patent documentation and text as such.
Image-based seat belt detection

This paper presents a novel method for the detection of seat belt in a monitoring image which contains the full scene information of the moving car. First, the driver area is located based on the vehicle outline. Then the potential seat belt edges are detected by an effective algorithm based on the direction information measure in the HSV color space, and the result is finally obtained by further verification of the edges. Experiments demonstrate the method makes a good performance even with noisy images.
Differentiation of prostate cancer and benign prostatic hyperplasia: the clinical value of 201Tl SPECT--a pilot study.

PURPOSE
Thallium-201 (201Tl) is a recognized tumor-imaging agent; however, the usefulness of 201Tl in prostate cancer has not been studied. The purpose of this preliminary study was to evaluate the efficacy of 201Tl single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) imaging for differentiating prostate cancer from benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH).


METHODS
201Tl pelvic SPECT was performed in 10 patients (aged 64-78 years) with biopsy-proven BPH before transurethral resection of the prostate and 15 patients (aged 65-81 years) with biopsy-proven prostate cancer prior to any therapeutic modality or invasive surgical procedures for treatment of their prostate cancer.


RESULTS
From the 15 patients with prostate cancer, 201Tl pelvic SPECT detected prostate cancer in 13 (86.7%) but not in 2 (13.3%) patients with Gleason scores of 5 (2 + 3). In contrast, all 10 patients with BPH (100.0%) had negative results of 201Tl pelvic SPECT.


CONCLUSION
Our study showed that 201Tl pelvic SPECT scan is very helpful in distinguishing between prostate cancer and BPH.
Vaginal breech delivery in very low birth weight (VLBW) neonates: experience of a single center.

AIMS
To compare the short-term maternal and neonatal outcomes of very low birth weight (VLBW) breech singletons by mode of delivery.


METHODS
All breech fetuses born from 24-0/7 to 26-6/7 weeks' gestation at our institution between 2000 and 2008 were eligible for the study. Abstracted medical record data included maternal demographics, delivery data, and neonatal outcomes.


RESULTS
There were 26 vaginal and 39 cesarean deliveries. Maternal age did not differ between groups; gestational age was greater in the cesarean group by five days. Short-term neonatal outcomes did not differ between groups. Of the 39 cesarean deliveries, 27 involved classical uterine incisions. Estimated blood loss (732 mL vs. 362 mL) and postpartum infection rate (26% vs. 4%) were greater with cesarean delivery.


CONCLUSION
Neonatal outcome is not improved in VLBW infants born by cesarean section. Given the morbidity of classical cesarean sections, vaginal delivery of the breech VLBW infant may be safely considered.
Care during the third stage of labour: A postal survey of UK midwives and obstetricians

BACKGROUND
There are two approaches to care during the third stage of labour: Active management includes three components: administration of a prophylactic uterotonic drug, cord clamping and controlled cord traction. For physiological care, intervention occurs only if there is clinical need. Evidence to guide care during the third stage is limited and there is variation in recommendations which may contribute to differences in practice. This paper describes current UK practice during the third stage of labour.


METHODS
A postal survey of 2230 fellows and members of the Royal College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists (RCOG) and 2400 members of the Royal College of Midwives was undertaken. Respondents were asked about care during the third stage of labour, for vaginal and caesarean births and their views on the need for more evidence to guide care in the third stage. The data were analysed in Excel and presented as descriptive statistics.


RESULTS
1189 (53%) fellows and members of the RCOG and 1702 (71%) midwives responded, of whom 926 (78%) and 1297 (76%) respectively had conducted or supervised births in the last year. 93% (863/926) of obstetricians and 73% (942/1297) of midwives report 'always or usually' using active management. 66% (611/926) of obstetricians and 33% (430/1297) of midwives give the uterotonic drug with delivery of the anterior shoulder; this was intramuscular Syntometrine(R) for 79% (728/926) and 86% (1118/1293) respectively. For term births, 74% (682/926) of obstetricians and 41% (526/1297) of midwives clamp the cord within 20 seconds, as do 57% (523/926) and 55% (707/1297) for preterm births. Controlled cord traction was used by 94% of both obstetricians and midwives. For caesarean births, intravenous oxytocin was the uterotonic used by 90% (837/926) of obstetricians; 79% (726/926) clamp the cord within 20 seconds for term births as do 63% (576/926) for preterm births.Physiological management was used 'always or usually' by 2% (21/926) of obstetricians and 9% (121/1297) of midwives. 81% (747/926) of obstetricians and 89% (1151/1297) of midwives thought more evidence from randomised trials was needed; the most popular question was when is best to clamp the cord.


CONCLUSIONS
Active management of the third stage of labour is widely used by both obstetricians and midwives in the UK. Syntometrine(R) is usually used for vaginal births and oxytocin for caesarean births; when this is given and when the cord is clamped varies.
The salvation of meaning in Peter Drucker's oeuvre

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to illuminate Peter Drucker's management theory by exploring German theological concerns which constituted his unique approach in management theory.Design/methodology/approach – To uncover the secularized German theological roots in Drucker's work, the paper juxtaposes his writings from his 60‐year‐long career with prior cultural interpretations of German scholarship.Findings – The analysis shows that German secularized theological concerns surrounding the fall of modernity influenced Drucker's oeuvre, leading him to advocate “the meaningful organization” as a pragmatic solution to the ills of modern society. While Drucker's ideas evolved over the years, the paper shows that his agenda to promote meaningful organizations in an otherwise totalitarian‐prone, alienated, rationalized and meaningless era remained consistent. This interpretation suggests that Drucker believed that management had moral duties in a Nietzschean godless world. The paper shows that these themes...
The impact of microblogging data for stock market prediction: Using Twitter to predict returns, volatility, trading volume and survey sentiment indices

In this paper, we propose a robust methodology to assess the value of microblogging data to forecast stock market variables: returns, volatility and trading volume of diverse indices and portfolios. The methodology uses sentiment and attention indicators extracted from microblogs (a large Twitter dataset is adopted) and survey indices (AAII and II, USMC and Sentix), diverse forms to daily aggregate these indicators, usage of a Kalman Filter to merge microblog and survey sources, a realistic rolling windows evaluation, several Machine Learning methods and the Diebold-Mariano test to validate if the sentiment and attention based predictions are valuable when compared with an autoregressive baseline. We found that Twitter sentiment and posting volume were relevant for the forecasting of returns of S&P 500 index, portfolios of lower market capitalization and some industries. Additionally, KF sentiment was informative for the forecasting of returns. Moreover, Twitter and KF sentiment indicators were useful for the prediction of some survey sentiment indicators. These results confirm the usefulness of microblogging data for financial expert systems, allowing to predict stock market behavior and providing a valuable alternative for existing survey measures with advantages (e.g., fast and cheap creation, daily frequency). © 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Interactions of vibrationally excited CO2 with oxygen and sulfur atoms

The classical-path method has been used in calculations on O+CO2 → CO+ O2 and S+CO2 → CO+SO for vibrational-translational disequilibrium. The vibrational-energy localization in various modes in CO2 affects the reaction cross section and rate constant. The energy distributions in the products have been calculated.
MicroRNA expression profiling of thyroid tumors: biological significance and diagnostic utility.

OBJECTIVE
MicroRNA (miRNA) expression is deregulated in many types of human cancers. We sought to investigate the expression patterns of miRNA in all major types of thyroid tumors, including tumors carrying distinct oncogenic mutations, and to explore the utility of miRNA profiling for the preoperative diagnosis of thyroid nodules.


DESIGN
miRNA expression levels were detected in 60 surgically removed thyroid neoplastic and nonneoplastic samples and in 62 fine-needle aspiration (FNA) samples by RT-PCR using TaqMan MicroRNA Panel or individual miRNA sequence-specific primers. miRNA expression levels were calculated relative to normal thyroid tissue. All tumors were genotyped for most common mutations.


RESULTS
Various histopathological types of thyroid tumors, including those deriving from the same cell type, showed significantly different profiles of miRNA expression. Oncocytic tumors, conventional follicular tumors, papillary carcinomas, and medullary carcinomas formed distinct clusters on the unsupervised hierarchical clustering analysis. Significant correlation between miRNA expression patterns and somatic mutations was observed in papillary carcinomas. A set of seven miRNAs (miR-187, miR-221, miR-222, miR-146b, miR-155, miR-224, and miR-197) that were most differentially overexpressed in thyroid tumors vs. hyperplastic nodules in the surgical samples was validated in the FNA samples, showing high accuracy of thyroid cancer detection.


CONCLUSIONS
In this study, we demonstrate that various histopathological types of thyroid tumors have distinct miRNA profiles, which further differ within the same tumor type, reflecting specific oncogenic mutations. A limited set of miRNAs can be used diagnostically with high accuracy to detect thyroid cancer in the surgical and preoperative FNA samples.
Relationship of multi-biomarker disease activity score and other risk factors with radiographic progression in an observational study of patients with rheumatoid arthritis

OBJECTIVES
To evaluate the multi-biomarker disease activity (MBDA) score as a predictor of radiographic progression and compare it with other risk factors among patients with established RA receiving non-biologic DMARDs.


METHODS
For 163 patients with RA, we assessed 271 visits for MBDA score (scale of 1-100), clinical data and subsequent 1-year radiographic progression (change in Sharp-van der Heijde score [SHS]). Scatter plot and non-parametric quantile regression curves evaluated the relationship between the MBDA score and change in SHS. Changes in joint space narrowing and erosions were compared among MBDA categories with Wilcoxon rank-sum tests. The ability of the MBDA score to independently predict progression was determined by multivariate models and cross-classification of MBDA score with other risk factors. Generalized estimating equation methodology was used in model estimations to adjust for same-patient visits, always ≥1 year apart.


RESULTS
Patient characteristics included 67% female, 66%/67% RF(+)/anti-CCP(+); mean age 55 years, MBDA score 43 (moderate = 30-44); median disease duration 4.6 years, SHS 23. Radiographic progression was infrequent for low MBDA scores. Relative risk for progression increased continuously as the MBDA score increased, reaching 17.4 for change in SHS >5 with MBDA scores ≥60. Joint space narrowing and erosion progression were associated with MBDA score. MBDA score was associated with radiographic progression after adjustments for other risk factors. MBDA score significantly differentiated risk for progression when swollen joint count, CRP or DAS28-CRP was low, and among seropositive patients.


CONCLUSION
MBDA score enhanced the ability of conventional risk factors to predict radiographic progression in patients with established RA receiving non-biologic DMARDs.
Integrated thermal-fluidic I/O interconnects for an on-chip microchannel heat sink

Power dissipation in microprocessors will reach a level that necessitates chip-level liquid cooling in the near future. An on-chip microfluidic heat sink can reduce the thermal interfaces between an IC chip and the convective cooling medium. Through wafer-level processing, integrated thermal-fluidic I/O interconnects enable on-chip microfluidic heat sinks with ultrasmall form factor at low-cost. This letter describes wafer-level integration of microchannels at the wafer back-side with through-wafer fluidic paths and thermal-fluidic input/output interconnection for future generation gigascale integrated chips.
Referential Opacity In Nondeterministic Data Refinement

Data re nement is the transformation in a program of one data type to another. With the obvious formalization of nondeterministic data types in equational logic however, many desirable nondeterministic data re nements are impossible to prove correct. Furthermore, it is di cult to have a well-de ned notion of re nement. We propose an alternative formalization of nondeterministic data types, in which the requirement of referential transparency applies only to deterministic operators. We show how the above-mentioned problems can be solved with our approach. Categories and Subject Descriptions: D.2.4[Software Engineering]: Program Veri cation | Correctness proofs; D.3.3[Programming Languages]: Language Constructs and Features | Abstract data types; F.3.2[Logics and Meanings of Programs]: Semantics of Programming Languages | Algebraic approaches to semantics General Terms: Languages, Theory, Veri cation Additional
Falling in love with online games: The uses and gratifications perspective

Playing online games is experience-oriented but few studies have explored the user’s initial (trial) reaction to game playing and how this further influences a player’s behavior. Drawing upon the Uses and Gratifications theory, we investigated players’ multiple gratifications for playing (i.e. achievement, enjoyment and social interaction) and their experience with the service mechanisms offered after they had played an online game. This study explores the important antecedents of players’ proactive ‘‘stickiness” to a specific online game and examines the relationships among these antecedents. The results show that both the gratifications and service mechanisms significantly affect a player’s continued motivation to play, which is crucial to a player’s proactive stickiness to an online game. 2010 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Thermal and electrical effects of partial shade in monolithic thin-film photovoltaic modules

Photovoltaic cells can be damaged by reverse bias stress, which arises during service when a monolithically integrated thin-film module is partially shaded. We introduce a model for describing a module's internal thermal and electrical state, which cannot normally be measured. Using this model and experimental measurements, we present several results with relevance for reliability testing and module engineering: Modules with a small breakdown voltage experience less stress than those with a large breakdown voltage, with some exceptions for modules having light-enhanced reverse breakdown. Masks leaving a small part of the masked cells illuminated can lead to very high temperature and current density compared to masks covering entire cells.
Consistency of breast and arm symptoms during the first two years after breast cancer surgery.

PURPOSE/OBJECTIVES
To examine the severity and development of breast and arm symptoms separately during the two years following breast cancer surgery, and to examine whether previously defined predictors of arm symptoms are associated with breast symptoms.


DESIGN
Prospective cohort study with two-year follow-up.


SETTING
Three institutions in the Stockholm, Sweden, region.


SAMPLE
645 women, aged 20-63 years, enrolled within 12 weeks of surgery for primary breast cancer.


METHODS
Baseline register and questionnaire data with five follow-ups were submitted to descriptive, inferential, and logistic regression analysis.


MAIN RESEARCH VARIABLES
Severity of breast and arm symptoms measured by the European Organisation for Research and Treatment of Cancer breast cancer-specific quality-of-life questionnaire.


FINDINGS
Most participants had undergone breast-conserving  surgery and sentinel lymph node dissection, and were scheduled for postoperative radiation therapy. Overall mean levels of breast and arm symptoms were low, but with large individual variations. At all six time points, the mean levels of breast symptoms were significantly higher than those of arm symptoms. Overall, the mean level of both types of symptoms decreased during follow-up. A body mass index (BMI) of 25 or greater and breast symptoms at eight months were associated with having breast symptoms at two years. Arm symptoms at baseline and at eight months, and radiation therapy and a BMI of 25 or greater were associated with having arm symptoms at two years.


CONCLUSIONS
Breast symptoms show different patterns of change and are not associated with the same factors as arm symptoms.


IMPLICATIONS FOR NURSING
For nurses monitoring women treated for breast cancer, the results of this study provide knowledge regarding the importance of early symptom identification and long-term symptoms after treatment.