LLukas22/scidocs huggingface dataset:
Multi-expert system design for educational and career guidance : an approach based on a multi-agent system and ontology

This paper presents the design of a multi-expert system for educational and career guidance based on a multi-agent paradigm and the semantic web. This paradigm seeks to distribute a problem on a set of agents that communicate between them, coordinate their behavior and cooperate in order to solve a problem. The problem to be dealt in this article is that of educational and career guidance where different types of knowledge come from four sources: pedagogical expert, psychological expert, sociological expert and economic expert. In addition to the four mentioned experts, other two experts are added which are a coaching expert and the system supervisor. The latter, that organizes tasks between agents, is considered as expert in the sense that he has its own database of rules. Such a system is a tool for decision support that allows students and job seekers to build their professional projects while taking into account the various factors involved in the process of educational and vocational guidance. The use of ontology allows to identify the different guidance concepts and semantic links between them, in order to establish a better representation of the existing while staying within the context of sharing and reusing of knowledge.
A New Deep Learning Application Based on Movidius NCS for Embedded Object Detection and Recognition

Nowadays, real-time detection and recognition of objects is a vital task in image processing and computer vision. This study presents an embedded powerful technique for real-time object detection and recognition that runs at high frames per second (FPS) on an embedded platform with movidius neural compute stick (NCS). This can be done by applying a deep learning for computer vision. We recommended an object detection and recognition for real-time video by using deep learning technique and OpenCV libraries. It includes the single shot detector (SSD) algorithm with a MobileNet architecture that are trained with caffe framework. In this paper, Raspberry Pi 3 was utilized to implement this system. So, it helps to monitor and captures the frames and detect and recognize the objects. Also, we used movidius neural compute stick that can be utilized with the Raspberry Pi 3 to achieve high FPS. The proposed method applies a few enhancements such as default boxes, multi scale features and depthwise separable convolution. These enhancements permit the proposed system to get a high accuracy in detection and recognition of objects. Engineering
Method to characterize local meteorology for air pollution studies and emergency response needs

A simple weather-typing model has been used to correlate synoptic-scale atmospheric systems with local meteorology in shorel
Transmit Beamforming Based Inter-Cell Interference Alignment and User Selection with CoMP

Recently, two types of coordinated multiple point transmission (CoMP) technologies - joint processing and transmission (JPT) and coordinated scheduling and beamforming(CSB) - have been proposed to the latest cellular communication standard named as a Network MIMO, to improve the performance of cell-edge users who suffer strong ICI. In this paper, we investigate an ICI cancelation employing a user selection algorithm associated with CoMP-CSB, which is more practically used for cellular networks. Under the partial channel state information (CSI) and no data sharing condition, each base station (BS)concentrates more on the direction of the interference to users located at the adjacent cells during the user selection process.
An Artificial Neural Network Embedded Position and Orientation Determination Algorithm for Low Cost MEMS INS/GPS Integrated Sensors

Digital mobile mapping, which integrates digital imaging with direct geo-referencing, has developed rapidly over the past fifteen years. Direct geo-referencing is the determination of the time-variable position and orientation parameters for a mobile digital imager. The most common technologies used for this purpose today are satellite positioning using Global Positioning System (GPS) and Inertial Navigation System (INS) using an Inertial Measurement Unit (IMU). They are usually integrated in such a way that the GPS receiver is the main position sensor, while the IMU is the main orientation sensor. The Kalman Filter (KF) is considered as the optimal estimation tool for real-time INS/GPS integrated kinematic position and orientation determination. An intelligent hybrid scheme consisting of an Artificial Neural Network (ANN) and KF has been proposed to overcome the limitations of KF and to improve the performance of the INS/GPS integrated system in previous studies. However, the accuracy requirements of general mobile mapping applications can't be achieved easily, even by the use of the ANN-KF scheme. Therefore, this study proposes an intelligent position and orientation determination scheme that embeds ANN with conventional Rauch-Tung-Striebel (RTS) smoother to improve the overall accuracy of a MEMS INS/GPS integrated system in post-mission mode. By combining the Micro Electro Mechanical Systems (MEMS) INS/GPS integrated system and the intelligent ANN-RTS smoother scheme proposed in this study, a cheaper but still reasonably accurate position and orientation determination scheme can be anticipated.
Four-year follow-up of TYPHOON (trial to assess the use of the CYPHer sirolimus-eluting coronary stent in acute myocardial infarction treated with BallOON angioplasty).

OBJECTIVES
The aim of this study was to assess the long-term safety and efficacy of the CYPHER (Cordis, Johnson and Johnson, Bridgewater, New Jersey) sirolimus-eluting coronary stent (SES) in percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) for ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI).


BACKGROUND
Concern over the safety of drug-eluting stents implanted during PCI for STEMI remains, and long-term follow-up from randomized trials are necessary. TYPHOON (Trial to assess the use of the cYPHer sirolimus-eluting stent in acute myocardial infarction treated with ballOON angioplasty) randomized 712 patients with STEMI treated by primary PCI to receive either SES (n = 355) or bare-metal stents (BMS) (n = 357). The primary end point, target vessel failure at 1 year, was significantly lower in the SES group than in the BMS group (7.3% vs. 14.3%, p = 0.004) with no increase in adverse events.


METHODS
A 4-year follow-up was performed. Complete data were available in 501 patients (70%), and the survival status is known in 580 patients (81%).


RESULTS
Freedom from target lesion revascularization (TLR) at 4 years was significantly better in the SES group (92.4% vs. 85.1%; p = 0.002); there were no significant differences in freedom from cardiac death (97.6% and 95.9%; p = 0.37) or freedom from repeat myocardial infarction (94.8% and 95.6%; p = 0.85) between the SES and BMS groups. No difference in definite/probable stent thrombosis was noted at 4 years (SES: 4.4%, BMS: 4.8%, p = 0.83). In the 580 patients with known survival status at 4 years, the all-cause death rate was 5.8% in the SES and 7.0% in the BMS group (p = 0.61).


CONCLUSIONS
In the 70% of patients with complete follow-up at 4 years, SES demonstrated sustained efficacy to reduce TLR with no difference in death, repeat myocardial infarction or stent thrombosis. (The Study to Assess AMI Treated With Balloon Angioplasty [TYPHOON]; NCT00232830).
Association among education level, occupation status, and consanguinity in Tunisia and Croatia.

AIM
To investigate the association between education level, occupation status (a proxy for socio-economic status), and consanguinity in 2 large data sets from Tunisia and Croatia countries with different attitudes toward consanguinity.


METHODS
The sample of 1016 students, attending 5 university institutions in Monastir, Tunisia, were interviewed about the educational level and occupation status of their parents and the degree of parental relatedness. In Croatia, a sample of 1001 examinees from 9 isolated island populations was interviewed about their own educational level, occupation status, and consanguinity.


RESULTS
Prevalence of consanguinity (offspring of second cousins or closer) among 1016 Tunisian students was 20.1%, and 9.3% among 1001 Croatian isolates. In Tunisia, the association between consanguinity and both parental degree of education and parental occupation status was highly significant in women (P<0.001), but not significant in men. In Croatia, no statistically significant associations were noted, although there was a consistent trend of increased prevalence of consanguinity with lower education level or occupation status in both genders, but more pronounced in women.


CONCLUSION
Association between education level, socio-economic status, and consanguinity needs to be taken into account in inbreeding studies in human populations. The relationship may be specific for each studied population and highly dependent on the cultural context. It is generally more pronounced among women in most settings.
An on-chip coupled resonator optical waveguide single-photon buffer

Integrated quantum optical circuits are now seen as one of the most promising approaches with which to realize single-photon quantum information processing. Many of the core elements for such circuits have been realized, including sources, gates and detectors. However, a significant missing function necessary for photonic quantum information processing on-chip is a buffer, where single photons are stored for a short period of time to facilitate circuit synchronization. Here we report an on-chip single-photon buffer based on coupled resonator optical waveguides (CROW) consisting of 400 high-Q photonic crystal line-defect nanocavities. By using the CROW, a pulsed single photon is successfully buffered for 150 ps with 50-ps tunability while maintaining its non-classical properties. Furthermore, we show that our buffer preserves entanglement by storing and retrieving one photon from a time-bin entangled state. This is a significant step towards an all-optical integrated quantum information processor.
Statistical Visual Language Models for Ink Parsing

In this paper we motivate a new technique for automatic recognition of hand-sketched digital ink. By viewing sketched drawings as utterances in a visual language, sketch recognition can be posed as an ambiguous parsing problem. On this premise we have developed an algorithm for ink parsing that uses a statistical model to disambignate. Under this formulation, writing a new recognizer for a visual language is as simple as writing a declarative grammar fo the language, generating a model from the grammar, and ffaining the model on drawing examples. We evaluate the speed and accuracy of this approach for the sample domain of the SILK visual anguage and r~)ort positive initial results.
Artificial General Intelligence

Representations and Generalized Frequent Pattern Discovery . . . . . . 67 Eray Özkural On Hierarchical Compression and Power Laws in Nature. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77 Arthur Franz From First-Order Logic to Assertional Logic . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 87 Yi Zhou
Validity, reliability and responsiveness of a short version of the Stroke-Specific Quality of Life Scale in patients receiving rehabilitation.

OBJECTIVE
To examine the measurement properties of a short version of the Stroke-Specific Quality of Life Scale (SS-QoL-12).


DESIGN
Self-report survey of patients with mild to moderate upper extremity dysfunction.


PATIENTS
A total of 126 patients provided 252 observations before and after treatment.


METHODS
The construct validity and reliability was examined using the Rasch model; the concurrent and predictive validity was estimated using Spearman's rank correlation coefficients. Paired t-test and the standardized response mean (SRM) were performed to estimate the responsiveness of the SS-QoL-12.


RESULTS
The 2-factor model (psychosocial and physical domains) fit the data better with smaller deviances. All but 1 item showed acceptable fit, and no item biases were detected. The reliability of the subscales and the whole scale ranged from 0.67 to 0.99. The total score showed fair correlations with the criterion measures at pretreatment (ρ = 0.28-0.40) and fair to good correlations at post-treatment (ρ = 0.39-0.54). The subscales had low to fair correlations at pretreatment (ρ = 0.19-0.49) and fair to good correlations at post-treatment (ρ = 0.31-0.56). The total and the subscales had low to good predictions at baseline (ρ = 0.22-0.52). The whole scale and the psychosocial subscale were mildly responsive to change (SRM = 0.22), but the physical subscale was not responsive to change (SRM = 0.08).


CONCLUSION
The SS-QoL-12 has acceptable to good measurement properties, with an advantage of requiring less time to administer than other scales. The use of the subscale and total scores depends on the purpose of research. Future studies should recruit stroke patients with a broad range of dysfunction and use a large sample size to validate the findings.
Multi-Tier Functional Reactive Programming for the Web

The development of robust and efficient interactive web applications is challenging, because developers have to deal with multiple programming languages, asynchronous events, propagating data and events between clients and servers, data consistency and much more. Several approaches for (partly) addressing these challenges have been proposed. Two relevant ones are (1) multi-tier languages and (2) functional reactive programming (FRP). Multi-tier programming languages support the development of client and server in a single language, and hide much of the complexity related to distribution. FRP offers the right abstractions to make event-driven programming convenient, safe and composable. However, existing web frameworks and programming languages exploit the benefits of both approaches separately, for example by restricting the use of FRP to the client side.
 We propose multi-tier FRP for the Web, a novel approach to writing web applications that deeply integrates FRP and multi-tier languages, and where the whole is greater than the sum of its parts. In multi-tier FRP, the developer programs server and client together as an FRP application composed of behaviors (signals) and events. He/she chooses explicitly where the boundary between server and client is crossed. To make our approach more concrete and provide evidence of its potential, this paper presents a concrete design and implementation of a multi-tier FRP API for the web in the programming language Scala, using an embedded JavaScript DSL that makes Scala usable as a multi-tier language. This allows us to present initial evidence of the benefits of the multi-tier FRP approach on example applications, and to experiment with possible answers to the remaining questions. Concretely, we show possible solutions for problems like exposing client identity on the server and efficiently pre-loading clients with the latest application state. Our results show that multi-tier FRP is a promising, declarative, yet practical way of writing web applications.
The Association between Near Work Activities and Myopia in Children—A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Myopia has a multifactorial etiology, although environmental factors are predominant in determining its current patterns. Currently, associations between near work activities and myopia have not been consistently observed. Therefore, we performed a systematic review to quantify the effect of near work activities on myopia in children. Relevant articles published between 1989 and 2014 were identified in MEDLINE, Embase, and the Cochrane Library, and the citation lists were reviewed. Twelve cohort studies and 15 cross-sectional studies were included (25,025 children aged between 6 and 18 years). The I2 statistic was used to assess heterogeneity. Study-level data were pooled using a random-effects model or a fixed-effects model (when less than 5 studies were included). We found that more time spent on near work activities was associated with higher odds of myopia (odds ratio [OR] = 1.14; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.08-1.20) and that the odds of myopia increased by 2% (OR:1.02; 95% CI = 1.01-1.03) for every one diopter-hour (hr) more of near work per week. Therefore, the development of a strategy to reduce the impact of near work on myopia would be important for preventing myopia in children.
Self-aligned enhancement-mode AlGaN/GaN HEMTs using 25 keV fluorine ion implantation

Owing to superior physical properties such as high electron saturation velocity and high electric breakdown field, GaN-based high electron mobility transistors (HEMTs) are capable of delivering superior performance in microwave amplifiers, high power switches, and high temperature integrated circuits (ICs). Compared to the conventional D-mode HEMTs with negative threshold voltages, enhancement-mode (E-mode) or normally-off HEMTs are desirable in these applications, for reduced circuit design complexity and fail-safe operation. Fluorine plasma treatment has been used to fabricate E-mode HEMTs [1], and is a robust process for the channel threshold voltage modulation. However, there is no standard equipment for this process and various groups have reported a wide range of process parameters [1–4]. In this work, we demonstrate the self-aligned enhancement-mode AlGaN/GaN HEMTs fabricated with a standard fluorine ion implantation. Ion implantation is widely used in semiconductor industry with well-controlled dose and precise implantation profile.
Decline in lung function does not predict future decline in lung function in cystic fibrosis patients.

BACKGROUND
Despite the attention paid to minimizing lung function decline among cystic fibrosis (CF) patients, the effect of rate of decline on subsequent disease progression is poorly understood. We aimed to describe the rate of decline of FVC, FEV1 , and FEF25-75 and to test the hypothesis that rate of decline of each spirometric variable predicts subsequent rate of decline in that variable and each other variable.


METHODS
Data were from the Epidemiologic Study of CF, an observational study of North American CF patients from 1994 to 2005. For each year of age, patients' best percent predicted FEV1 and associated FVC and FEF25-75, were used to calculate 2-year slopes for each spirometric variable. Pearson correlations were calculated between reference slopes and follow-up slopes up to 8 years later and, for FEV1 , between reference slopes and level (not slope) of lung function up to 5 years later.


RESULTS
Twenty six thousand, three hundred and ninety-three patients contributed 427,063 spirometries. Median 2-year slopes of all variables were negative for all ages >6 years and the magnitude varied with age, being greatest among 13-17 year olds, especially for FEF25-75 . There was no correlation (r < 0.10) between reference slopes and subsequent slopes 3-8 years later, either within or across variables. The correlation between 2-year FEV1 slopes and FEV1 level even 5 years later was moderate (0.37-0.49) across disease stage categories.


CONCLUSIONS
Contrary to our hypothesis, rate of lung function decline did not predict future rate of decline either within or across spirometric variables. In contrast, FEV1 slope did have moderate predictive ability for subsequent FEV1 level. These findings are relevant for clinical care and for clinical trial design.
Wheat seed priming in relation to salt tolerance: growth, yield and levels of free salicylic acid and polyamines

The exogenous application of cytokinins through seed pre-treatment is reported to be involved in plant tolerance to salt stress. It was hypothesized that cytokinins could regulate the salinity-induced changes in hormonal balance for adequate physiological adaptation to stressful environments in plants. Thus, the present studies aimed to assess the effects of pre-sowing seed treatment with varying levels (100, 150 and 200 mg l–1) of cytokinins, namely kinetin (Kin) and benzylaminopurine (BAP), on growth, yield, and leaves’ endogenous levels of salicylic acid and polyamines (putrescine, spermidine and spermine) in two spring wheat (Triticum aestivum) cultivars, MH-97 (salt intolerant) and Inqlab-91 (salt tolerant). The primed and non-primed seeds were sown in a field in which NaCl salinity of 15 dS m–1 was developed. The experiments were conducted during the years 2002 and 2003. Of the different priming agents, Kin was very effective, particularly in improving growth and grain yield in both cultivars. Priming with mild concentration (100 mg l–1) of Kin in the salt intolerant and moderate concentrations (150 mg l–1) of BAP and Kin in the tolerant cultivar increased leaf free salicylic acid under saline conditions. BAP priming increased leaf free polyamines (Spermidine and Spermine) in both cultivars under salt stress. Plants of the salt tolerant cultivar raised from non-primed seeds accumulated more putrescine in the leaves as compared with plants raised from primed seeds. In conclusion, seed priming with moderate concentration of Kin showed a consistent beneficial effect on growth and grain yield in both cultivars under salt stress. The mechanism by which Kin-priming induced salt tolerance in wheat plants remains unclear.
Clinical and genomic analysis of a randomised phase II study evaluating anastrozole and fulvestrant in postmenopausal patients treated for large operable or locally advanced hormone-receptor-positive breast cancer

Background:The aim of this study was to assess the efficacy of neoadjuvant anastrozole and fulvestrant treatment of large operable or locally advanced hormone-receptor-positive breast cancer not eligible for initial breast-conserving surgery, and to identify genomic changes occurring after treatment.Methods:One hundred and twenty post-menopausal patients were randomised to receive 1 mg anastrozole (61 patients) or 500 mg fulvestrant (59 patients) for 6 months. Genomic DNA copy number profiles were generated for a subgroup of 20 patients before and after treatment.Results:A total of 108 patients were evaluable for efficacy and 118 for toxicity. The objective response rate determined by clinical palpation was 58.9% (95% CI=45.0–71.9) in the anastrozole arm and 53.8% (95% CI=39.5–67.8) in the fulvestrant arm. The breast-conserving surgery rate was 58.9% (95% CI=45.0–71.9) in the anastrozole arm and 50.0% (95% CI=35.8–64.2) in the fulvestrant arm. Pathological responses >50% occurred in 24 patients (42.9%) in the anastrozole arm and 13 (25.0%) in the fulvestrant arm. The Ki-67 score fell after treatment but there was no significant difference between the reduction in the two arms (anastrozole 16.7% (95% CI=13.3–21.0) before, 3.2% (95% CI=1.9–5.5) after, n=43; fulvestrant 17.1% (95%CI=13.1–22.5) before, 3.2% (95% CI=1.8–5.7) after, n=38) or between the reduction in Ki-67 in clinical responders and non-responders. Genomic analysis appeared to show a reduction of clonal diversity following treatment with selection of some clones with simpler copy number profiles.Conclusions:Both anastrozole and fulvestrant were effective and well-tolerated, enabling breast-conserving surgery in over 50% of patients. Clonal changes consistent with clonal selection by the treatment were seen in a subgroup of patients.