LLukas22/scidocs huggingface dataset:
Ten-year analysis of the prospective multicentre Chemo-N0 trial validates American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO)-recommended biomarkers uPA and PAI-1 for therapy decision making in node-negative breast cancer patients.

AIM
Final 10-year analysis of the prospective randomised Chemo-N0 trial is presented. Based on the Chemo-N0 interim results and an European Organisation for Research and Treatment of Cancer (EORTC) pooled analysis (n=8377), American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO) and Arbeitsgemeinschaft Gynäkologische Onkologie (AGO) guidelines recommend invasion and metastasis markers urokinase-type plasminogen activator (uPA)/plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) for risk assessment and treatment decision in node-negative (N0) breast cancer (BC).


METHODS
The final Chemo-N0 trial analysis (recruitment 1993-1998; n=647; 12 centres) comprises 113 (5-167) months of median follow-up. Patients with low-uPA and PAI-1 tumour tissue levels (n=283) were observed. External quality assurance guaranteed uPA/PAI-1 enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) standardisation. Of 364 high uPA and/or PAI-1 patients, 242 agreed to randomisation for CMF chemotherapy (n=117) versus observation (n=125).


RESULTS
Actuarial 10-year recurrence rate (without any adjuvant systemic therapy) for high-uPA/PAI-1 observation group patients (randomised and non-randomised) was 23.0%, in contrast to only 12.9% for low-uPA/PAI-1 patients (plog-rank=0.011). High-risk patients randomised to cyclophosphamide-methotrexate-5-fluorouracil (CMF) therapy had a 26.0% lower estimated probability of disease recurrence than those randomised for observation (intention-to-treat (ITT)-analysis: hazard ratio (HR) 0.74 (0.44-1.27); plog-rank=0.28). Per-protocol analysis demonstrated significant treatment benefit: HR 0.48 (0.26-0.88), p=0.019, disease-free survival (DFS) Cox regression, adjusted for tumour stage and grade.


CONCLUSIONS
Chemo-N0 is the first prospective biomarker-based therapy trial in early BC defining patients reaching good long-term DFS without adjuvant systemic therapy. Using a standardised uPA/PAI-1 ELISA, almost half of N0-patients could be spared chemotherapy, while high-risk patients benefit from adjuvant chemotherapy. These 10-year results validate the long-term prognostic impact of uPA/PAI-1 and the benefit from adjuvant chemotherapy in the high-uPA/PAI-1 group at highest level of evidence. They thus support the guideline-based routine use of uPA/PAI-1 for risk-adapted individualised therapy decisions in N0 breast cancer.
Role of sleep continuity and total sleep time in executive function across the adult lifespan.

The importance of sleep for cognition in young adults is well established, but the role of habitual sleep behavior in cognition across the adult life span remains unknown. We examined the relationship between sleep continuity and total sleep time as assessed with a sleep-detection device, and cognitive performance using a battery of tasks in young (n = 59, mean age = 23.05) and older (n = 53, mean age = 62.68) adults. Across age groups, higher sleep continuity was associated with better cognitive performance. In the younger group, higher sleep continuity was associated with better working memory and inhibitory control. In the older group, higher sleep continuity was associated with better inhibitory control, memory recall, and verbal fluency. Very short and very long total sleep time was associated with poorer working memory and verbal fluency, specifically in the younger group. Total sleep time was not associated with cognitive performance in any domains for the older group. These findings reveal that sleep continuity is important for executive function in both young and older adults, but total sleep time may be more important for cognition in young adults.
Support Vector Machines with Applications 1

Support vector machines (SVMs) appeared in the early nineties as optimal margin classifiers in the context of Vapnik’s statistical learning theory. Since then SVMs have been successfully applied to real-world data analysis problems, often providing improved results compared with other techniques. The SVMs operate within the framework of regularization theory by minimizing an empirical risk in a well-posed and consistent way. A clear advantage of the support vector approach is that sparse solutions to classification and regression problems are usually obtained: only a few samples are involved in the determination of the classification or regression functions. This fact facilitates the application of SVMs to problems that involve a large amount of data, such as text processing and bioinformatics tasks. This paper is intended as an introduction to SVMs and their applications, emphasizing their key features. In addition, some algorithmic extensions and illustrative real-world applications of SVMs are shown.
The writers' workshop for youth programmers: digital storytelling with scratch in middle school classrooms

This study investigates the potential to introduce basic programming concepts to middle school children within the context of a classroom writing-workshop. In this paper we describe how students drafted, revised, and published their own digital stories using the introductory programming language Scratch and in the process learned fundamental CS concepts as well as the wider connection between programming and writing as interrelated processes of composition.
Therapeutic vaccination expands and improves the function of the HIV-specific memory T-cell repertoire.

BACKGROUND
The licensing of herpes zoster vaccine has demonstrated that therapeutic vaccination can help control chronic viral infection. Unfortunately, human trials of immunodeficiency virus (HIV) vaccine have shown only marginal efficacy.


METHODS
In this double-blind study, 17 HIV-infected individuals with viral loads of <50 copies/mL and CD4(+) T-cell counts of >350 cells/µL were randomly assigned to the vaccine or placebo arm. Vaccine recipients received 3 intramuscular injections of HIV DNA (4 mg) coding for clade B Gag, Pol, and Nef and clade A, B, and C Env, followed by a replication-deficient adenovirus type 5 boost (10(10) particle units) encoding all DNA vaccine antigens except Nef. Humoral, total T-cell, and CD8(+) cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) responses were studied before and after vaccination. Single-copy viral loads and frequencies of latently infected CD4(+) T cells were determined.


RESULTS
Vaccination was safe and well tolerated. Significantly stronger HIV-specific T-cell responses against Gag, Pol, and Env, with increased polyfunctionality and a broadened epitope-specific CTL repertoire, were observed after vaccination. No changes in single-copy viral load or the frequency of latent infection were observed.


CONCLUSIONS
Vaccination of individuals with existing HIV-specific immunity improved the magnitude, breadth, and polyfunctionality of HIV-specific memory T-cell responses but did not impact markers of viral control.


CLINICAL TRIALS REGISTRATION
NCT00270465.
Relationship between omalizumab pharmacokinetics, IgE pharmacodynamics and symptoms in patients with severe persistent allergic (IgE-mediated) asthma.

AIMS
Omalizumab, a subcutaneously administered anti-IgE antibody, is effective for moderate-to-severe persistent allergic asthma. The aims were to (i) describe the population pharmacodynamics of free IgE with a mechanism-based, nonlinear, omalizumab-IgE binding model; (ii) deduce a target-free IgE suppression level by correlation with clinical outcomes; and (iii) check the adequacy of current approved dosing tables and explore potential doses and regimens beyond.


METHODS
Concentration data (omalizumab, free and total IgE) were obtained from 1781 patients aged 12-79 years, in four sparsely sampled randomized, placebo-controlled studies and 152 subjects in a richly sampled single-dose study. NONMEM predictive performance across the range of bodyweights (39-150 kg) and baseline IgE (19-1055 IU ml(-1)) was checked by simulation. Predicted free IgE levels were correlated with time-averaged patient diary clinical outcomes.


RESULTS
The model accurately predicted observed omalizumab, free and total IgE concentrations. Free IgE concentrations correlated well with clinical signs and symptoms, allowing a target concentration of 14 ng ml(-1), at the midpoint of 4-week clinical observation periods, to be set for determining the dose and regimen for omalizumab.


CONCLUSIONS
The omalizumab-IgE binding model is predictive for free IgE and demonstrates a nonlinear time-dependent relationship between free IgE suppression and clinical outcomes in asthma. Although currently approved dosing tables are close to optimal, it should be possible to treat patients with higher levels of baseline IgE if higher doses can be administered.
Muithu: Smaller footprint, potentially larger imprint

We describe our experience with the Muithu sports notational analysis system, a novel digital information system in the popular sports domain. The system integrates real-time coach notations with related video sequences, and is configured with small, off-the-shelf and cheap components. Muithu requires little or no human post-processing, which is in strong contrast to state of the art resource-intensive competing systems. Muithu also provides a novel social network for athletes and their coaches for information management and interactive e-learning experiences based on video footage. This next generation notational analysis system is already in operational use by a Norwegian elite soccer club, both for training and game events.
Principle and Design of a Single-Phase Inverter-Based Grounding System for Neutral-to-Ground Voltage Compensation in Distribution Networks

Neutral-to-ground overvoltage may occur in noneffectively grounded power systems because of the distributed parameters asymmetry and resonance between Petersen coil and distributed capacitances. Thus, the constraint of neutral-to-ground voltage is critical for the safety of distribution networks. In this paper, an active grounding system based on a single-phase inverter and its control parameter design method is proposed to achieve this objective. Relationship between its output current and neutral-to-ground voltage is derived to explain the principle of neutral-to-ground voltage compensation. Then, a practical current detection method is proposed to specify the reference of compensated current. A current control method consisting of proportional resonant and proportional integral (PI) with capacitive current feedback is then proposed to guarantee sufficient output current accuracy and stability margin subjecting to large range of load change. The PI method is taken as the comparative method and the performances of both control methods are presented in detail. Experimental results prove the effectiveness and novelty of the proposed grounding system and control method.
Dawn completes its mission at 4 Vesta

The Dawn mission was designed to test our hypothesis about the origin and evolution of the early solar system by visiting the largest differentiated basaltic asteroid, 4 Vesta, believed to be a survivor from the earliest times of rocky body formation. Observations from orbit show that Vesta is the parent body of the Howardite, Eucrite, Diogenite meteorites. Vesta has an iron core and a eucritic–diogenitic crust. Its surface is characterized by abundant impact craters but with no evident volcanic features. It has two ancient impact basins in the southern hemisphere that are associated with circum-planetary troughs. The northern hemisphere is the more heavily cratered and contains the oldest terrains. The surface of Vesta is diverse, with north-south and east-west dichotomies in the eucrite-to-diogenite ratio. Its surface contains both very bright and very dark material, and its color varies strongly from region to region. Both the mineralogical and the elemental compositions agree with that expected for the HED parent body. Significant OH or H may be present in the upper crust and the presence of pits in “fresh” craters is consistent with the devolatilization of the surface after a collision either brought to or tapped a source of water on Vesta. The presence of dark material on the surface of Vesta suggests efficient transport pathways for organic material, and the mixing of the dark material with the more pristine pyroxene explains the varying albedo across the surface. Vesta has proven to be a reliable witness to the formation of the solar system. Meteoritics & Planetary Science 1–14 (2013) doi: 10.1111/maps.12091 1 © The Meteoritical Society, 2013.
Identifying Expressions of Emotion in Text

* Cases of more than one emotion type in a sentence, or an emotion not belonging to any category, were assigned the “mixed emotion” category. § Goal – Investigate the expression of emotion in text through a corpus annotation study Explore computational techniques for emotion classification – we took a knowledge-based approach § Data – Drawn from blog posts and manually annotated with emotion-related information § Applications – Affective interfaces for HCI and CMC, Text-to-Speech systems, psychological analysis of text, personality modelling § Emotion categories – happiness, sadness, anger, disgust, surprise, fear (Ekman, 1992)
Extending Bagging for Imbalanced Data

Various modifications of bagging for class imbalanced data are discussed. An experimental comparison of known bagging modifications shows that integrating with undersampling is more powerful than oversampling. We introduce Local-and-Over-All Balanced bagging where probability of sampling an example is tuned according to the class distribution inside its neighbourhood. Experiments indicate that this proposal is competitive to best undersampling bagging extensions.
A framework for polynomial-time query learnability

Query learning is to learn aconcept (i.e., a representation of some language) through communication with ateacher (i.e., someone who knows the concept). The purpose of this paper is to prepare a formal framework for studying “polynomial-time” query learnability. We introduce necessary notation and, by using several examples, clarify notions that are necessary for discussing polynomial-time query learning.
Dynamic Resource Allocation in Multi-Service OFDMA Systems with Dynamic Queue Control

We consider the problem of resource allocation in downlink OFDMA systems for multi service and unknown environment. Due to users' mobility and intercell interference, the base station cannot predict neither the Signal to Noise Ratio (SNR) of each user in future time slots nor their probability distribution functions. In addition, the traffic is bursty in general with unknown arrival. The probability distribution functions of the SNR, channel state and traffic arrival/density are then unknown. Achieving a multi service Quality of Service (QoS) while optimizing the performance of the system (e.g. total throughput) is a hard and interesting task since it depends on the unknown future traffic and SNR values. In this paper we solve this problem by modeling the multiuser queuing system as a discrete time linear dynamic system. We develop a robust H∞ controller to regulate the queues of different users. The queues and Packet Drop Rates (PDR) are controlled by proposing a minimum data rate according to the demanded service type of each user. The data rate vector proposed by the controller is then fed as a constraint to an instantaneous resource allocation framework. This instantaneous problem is formulated as a convex optimization problem for instantaneous subcarrier and power allocation decisions. Simulation results show small delays and better fairness among users.
Clinical leadership development in accelerated baccalaureate nursing students: an education innovation.

Nursing faculty members are responsible for assuring competence and safety in the preparation of prelicensure students who are preparing to deliver care in diverse settings. The growing complexity of care and the rapid expansion of knowledge have challenged the adequacy of traditional educational approaches. Proposed solutions have encouraged closer integration of classroom and clinical teaching. This article describes an integrated instructional approach to developing clinical leadership competencies in a cohort of accelerated, second-degree, baccalaureate nursing students. Fifty-six students completed an intensive clinical experience in long-term care settings in which they used evidence on improving care for persons with heart failure to practice the principles of delegation and supervision with nursing staff. The pre- and postassessments indicated improvement in heart failure knowledge and increased readiness for delegation and supervision of certified nursing assistants. As one component of the learning experience, the students completed reflection journals. The entries in the students' journals revealed five themes: (a) low leadership self-efficacy, (b) managing the credibility gap, (c) flexibility in communication strategies, (d) RN accountability in delegation and supervision, and (e) knowledge dissemination with diverse nursing staff. Students and faculty judged the learning experience to be successful and supported the experience for future cohorts of students. This report is one example of how innovative learning experiences could be developed to increase the "real-world" aspects of clinical care within a multidisciplinary team context for the entry-level learner.
Using AHP and TOPSIS approaches in customer-driven product design process

Customer-driven product design process is critically an important part of concurrent engineering (CE). Many new principles and approaches, such as quality function deployment (QFD) and axiomatic design, have been introduced to help designers identify the relationship between customer requirements and design characteristics. However, identification of customer requirements and evaluation of design alternatives are still heavily reliant on designer’s experience and knowledge. This will affect the efficiency and effectiveness of the customer-driven design process and even make the development of design automation become more difficult. This paper presents a framework that integrates the analytical hierarchy process (AHP) and the technique for order preference by similarity to ideal solution (TOPSIS) to assist designers in identifying customer requirements and design characteristics, and help achieve an effective evaluation of the final design solution. The proposed approach starts with applying the AHP method to evaluate the relative overall importance of customer requirements and design characteristics. The TOPSIS method is then used to perform competitive benchmarking. Finally, a search strategy is employed to set target values for design characteristics of the recommended design alternative. The performance of the proposed approach is illustrated and validated using a personal digital assistant (PDA) design example. The results show that the proposed approach is capable of helping designers to systematically consider relevant design information and effectively determine the key design objectives and optimal conceptual alternatives. # 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
Bringing relational databases into the Semantic Web: A survey

Relational databases are considered one of the most popular storage solutions for various kinds of data and they have been recognized as a key factor in generating huge amounts of data for Semantic Web applications. Ontologies, on the other hand, are one of the key concepts and main vehicle of knowledge in the Semantic Web research area. The problem of bridging the gap between relational databases and ontologies has attracted the interest of the Semantic Web community, even from the early years of its existence and is commonly referred to as the database-to-ontology mapping problem. However, this term has been used interchangeably for referring to two distinct problems: namely, the creation of an ontology from an existing database instance and the discovery of mappings between an existing database instance and an existing ontology. In this paper, we clearly define these two problems and present the motivation, benefits, challenges and solutions for each one of them. We attempt to gather the most notable approaches proposed so far in the literature, present them concisely in tabular format and group them under a classification scheme. We finally explore the perspectives and future research steps for a seamless and meaningful integration of databases into the Semantic Web.
Blockchain Use in Home Automation for Children Incentives in Parental Control

Application of IoT (Internet of Things) is expanding rapidly as internet connects things in our homes and our personal devices and even our body, provides ease, entertainment and comfort to our daily lives. However, as everything personal is connected, security and privacy becomes a major challenge. Blockchain-based IoT can provide a completely trusted and transparent environment with its tamper-resistant data structure, timestamp, data encryption and distributed consensus. Since cryptocurrency is the first application of blockchains, most blockchain mechanisms like Ethereum provides token-based peer-to-peer payment system that allows payment using a custom currency which enables IoT devices to pay or receive token without a third-party inclusion. In this paper we proposed to apply blockchain mechanism to education/discipline of children at home by through token-based parental control in which parent can encourage good behaviors and discourage bad behaviors of children via tokens transferred via blockchain network. Current parental control is implemented in operating systems of smartphones that only prohibits the abuse of smartphone games or inappropriate web sites. However, this token-based parental control pay tokens to children with good behaviors that allow them to play or watch the proper contents as their rewards. Devices at home like television and computer are connected to the blockchain and accessible only when the user have a sufficient amount of tokens. Children are given incentives in term of token by their parents if they do their homework properly or help their parents. Besides that, smart contract feature in Ethereum allows application to be programmed in a blockchain enables monitoring the activities of children through blockchain. This paper introduces the design of the token-based parental control by using smart contract schemes of Ethereum blockchain with a simple smart home setup as a proof of concept.