LLukas22/scidocs huggingface dataset:
High-performance speed measurement by suppression of systematic resolver and encoder errors

The subject of this paper is a method which suppresses systematic errors of resolvers and optical encoders with sinusoidal line signals. The proposed method does not require any additional hardware and the computational efforts are minimal. Since this method does not cause any time delay, the dynamic of the speed control is not affected. By means of this new scheme, dynamic and smooth running characteristics of drive systems are improved considerably.
Impacts of land use on selected physicochemical properties of soils of Abobo area, western Ethiopia

Assessing land use-induced changes in soil properties are essential for addressing issues of agro-ecosystem transformation and sustainable land productivity. In view of this, a study was conducted to assess the impact of land use/land cover on the physicochemical properties of soils of Abobo area, western Ethiopia. Three adjacent land use types, namely forest, grazing and cultivated lands each falling under four land mapping units (1Ac, 1Bc, 2Cc and 3Cl) were considered for the study. A total of 40 random soil samples (0-20 cm depth) were collected to make three composite samples for each land use type across the land mapping units and analyzed for selected soil physical and chemical properties. The results of the study, on one hand, revealed that soil OM, total N, CEC, PBS and available micronutrients (Fe, Mn, Zn and Cu) contents of the cultivated land was significantly (P < 0.001) lower than the adjacent forest land. For instance, soil OM, total N, CEC, PBS, exchangeable Mg and available micronutrients (Mn, Zn and Cu) contents of cultivated land was significantly lower than the adjacent forest land by 32.98, 33.33, 16.16, 17.81, 21.88, 29.47, 40.05 and 53.92%, respectively. On the other hand, the results of the study revealed that exchangeable cations (Mg, K and Na), PBS and available micronutrients (Fe, Mn, Zn and Cu) contents of the gazing land was significantly (P < 0.001) lower than the adjacent forest land. However, significant differences were not observed between the forests and grazing lands in soil OM, total N, CEC and available P. From the present study, it could be concluded that the soil quality and health were maintained relatively under the forest, whereas the influence on most parameters were negative on the soils of the cultivated land, indicating the need for employing integrated soil fertility management in sustainable manner to optimize and maintain the favorable soil physicochemical properties.
Developing a holistic model for quality in higher education

Attempts to apply the Quality Management models from industry into higher education have not been successful. There is a rationale for separately addressing the service and education functions with appropriate sets of criteria. TQM is an appropriate model for the former-service. For the latter, a number of models of excellence centered on learning are reviewed. The effectiveness of any composite model in addressing the multifarious elements of higher education is dependent on the organisational culture. The typical current culture is one of bureaucratic nature, prone to conflict. It is argued that in the current literature an ideal organisation behaviour which addresses the core values of higher education are the Learning Communities concepts. Such a Holistic Model for Quality in Higher Education can serve as the ideal to address the service, education and implementation aspects synergistically.
Compressive demosaicing for periodic color filter arrays

The utility of Compressed Sensing (CS) for demosaicing of images captured using random panchromatic color filter arrays (CFA) has been investigated in [1]. Meanwhile, most camera manufacturers employ periodic CFAs such as the popular Bayer CFA. In this paper, we derive a CS-based solution to demosaicing images captured using the general class of periodic CFAs. It is well known that periodic CFAs can be designed to effectively separate luminance and chrominance frequency bands [2, 3]. We employ this ability to reduce artifacts associated with luminance-chrominance overlap at the solver side. We show that the modified compressive demo-saicing method coupled with the additional constraint that chrominance channels have smooth surfaces achieves further improved results for most periodic CFAs.
Interventions targeting attention in young children with autism.

PURPOSE
The ability to focus and sustain one's attention is critical for learning. Children with autism demonstrate unusual characteristics of attention from infancy. It is reasonable to assume that early anomalies in attention influence a child's developmental trajectories. Therapeutic interventions for autism often focus on core features of autism such as communication and socialization, while very few interventions specifically address attention. The purpose of this article is to provide clinicians a description of attention characteristics in children with autism and discuss interventions thought to improve attention.


METHOD
Characteristics of attention in children with autism are presented. Intervention studies featuring measures of attention as an outcome variable for young children with autism are reviewed to present interventions that have empirical evidence for improvements in attention. Results are synthesized by strategy, specific feature of attention targeted, and results for both habilitative goals and accommodations for attention.


CONCLUSION
Although research is not extensive, several strategies to support attention in young children with autism have been investigated. The empirical findings regarding these strategies can inform evidence-based practice.
Being participated: a community approach

In this paper, we explore the concept of participatory design from a different viewpoint by drawing on an African philosophy of humanness -Ubuntu-, and African rural community practices. The situational dynamics of participatory interaction become obvious throughout the design experiences within our community project. Supported by a theoretical framework we reflect upon current participatory design practices. We intend to inspire and refine participatory design concepts and methods beyond the particular context of our own experiences.
Is it really clean? An evaluation of the efficacy of four methods for determining hospital cleanliness.

An important component of effective cleaning in hospitals involves monitoring the efficacy of the methods used. Generally the recommended tool for monitoring cleaning efficacy is visual assessments. In this study four methods to determine cleaning efficacy of hospital surfaces were compared, namely visual assessment, chemical (ATP) and microbiological methods, i.e. aerobic colony count (ACC) and the presence of meticillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus. Respectively, 93.3%, 71.5%, 92.1% and 95.0% of visual, ATP, ACC and MRSA assessments were considered acceptable or 'clean' according to each test standard. Visual assessment alone did not always provide a meaningful measure of surface cleanliness or cleaning efficacy. The average ATP value from 120 swabs before cleaning was 612 relative light units (RLU) (range: 72-2575) and 375 RLU after cleaning (range: 106-1071); the accepted standard is 500 RLU. In a hospital setting with low microbiological counts, the use of chemical tests such as ATP may provide additional information of cleaning efficacy and ATP trends allow identification of environmental surfaces that require additional cleaning or cleaning schedule amendments.
The possibility of cosmic acceleration via spatial averaging in Lemaître–Tolman–Bondi models

We investigate the possible occurrence of a positive cosmic acceleration in a spatially averaged, expanding, unbound Lema?tre?Tolman?Bondi cosmology. By studying an approximation in which the contribution of 3-curvature dominates over the matter density, we construct numerical models which exhibit acceleration.
S.I. success models, 25 years of evolution

This study intends to report a review of the literature on the evolution of the systems information success model, specifically the DeLone & McLean model (1992) during the last twenty-five years. It is also intended to refer the main critics to the model by the various researchers who contributed to its updating, making it one of the most used until today.
A Finite Difference Domain Decomposition Method Using Local Corrections for the Solution of Poisson ’ s Equation

We present a domain decomposition method for computing finite difference solutions to the Poisson equation with infinite domain boundary conditions. Our method is a finite difference analogue of Anderson’s Method of Local Corrections. The solution is computed in three steps. First, fine-grid solutions are computed in parallel using infinite domain boundary conditions on each subdomain. Second, information is transferred globally through a coarse-grid representation of the charge, and a global coarse-grid solution is found. Third, a fine-grid solution is computed on each subdomain using boundary conditions set with the global coarse solution, corrected locally with fine-grid information from nearby subdomains. There are three important features of our algorithm. First, our method requires only a single iteration between the local fine-grid solutions and the global coarse representation. Second, the error introduced by the domain decomposition is small relative to the solution error obtained in a single-grid calculation. Third, the computed solution is second-order accurate and only weakly dependent on the coarse-grid spacing and the number of subdomains. As a result of these features, we are able to compute accurate solutions in parallel with a much smaller ratio of communication to computation than more traditional domain decomposition methods. We present results to verify the overall accuracy, confirm the small communication costs, and demonstrate the parallel scalability of the method. c © 2002 Elsevier Science (USA)
Regionalism as an Engine of Multilateralism: A Case for a Single East Asian FTA

As East Asia becomes increasingly integrated through market-driven trade and FDI activities, free trade agreements (FTAs) are proliferating. Consolidation of multiple and overlapping FTAs into a single East Asian FTA can help mitigate the harmful noodle bowl effects of different or competing tariffs, standards, and rules. A region-wide FTA will also encourage participation of low-income countries and reduce trade-related business costs, particularly for small and medium enterprises. A computable general equilibrium (CGE) model examines the economic impact of various types of FTAs in East Asia (among ASEAN+1, ASEAN+3, and ASEAN+6) finding that consolidation at the ASEAN+6 level would yield the largest gains to East Asia among plausible regional trade arrangements.
Effective LSTMs for Target-Dependent Sentiment Classification

Target-dependent sentiment classification remains a challenge: modeling the semantic relatedness of a target with its context words in a sentence. Different context words have different influences on determining the sentiment polarity of a sentence towards the target. Therefore, it is desirable to integrate the connections between target word and context words when building a learning system. In this paper, we develop two target dependent long short-term memory (LSTM) models, where target information is automatically taken into account. We evaluate our methods on a benchmark dataset from Twitter. Empirical results show that modeling sentence representation with standard LSTM does not perform well. Incorporating target information into LSTM can significantly boost the classification accuracy. The target-dependent LSTM models achieve state-of-the-art performances without using syntactic parser or external sentiment lexicons.1
Causes, magnitude and management of burns in under-fives in district hospitals in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania.

OBJECTIVES
To determine the causes, magnitude and management of burns in children under five years of age who were admitted in the district hospitals of Dar es Salaam City, Tanzania.


METHODS
In this study, a total of 204 under fives were enrolled. Questionnaires were used to elicit if the parent/caretaker had the knowledge of the cause of the burns, what was done immediately after burn injury, first aid given immediately after burn, source of the knowledge of first aid and when the child was taken to the hospital. Also the questionnaire was cited with data on the management of burns in the hospitals through observation and checking the treatment files.


RESULTS
Forty nine percent were males while 50.5% were females. Most of the children (54.9%) were aged between 1-2 years. 78.4% had scalds while 21.6% had flame burns. No children were found to have burns caused by chemicals or electricity. Most of the burns (97.5%) occurred accidentally, although some (2.5%) were intentional. 68.6% of these burn injuries occurred in the kitchen. Immediately after burn 87.3% of the children had first aid applied on their wounds while 12.7% didn't apply anything. Of the agents used, honey was the most used (32.8%) followed by cold water (16.7%). The source of knowledge on these agents was from relatives and friends (72.5%), schools (7%), media (6%) and medical personnel (14%). The study further revealed that analgesics, intravenous fluids, antiseptics and antibiotics were the drugs used for treatment of burns in the hospital and that there was no specialized unit for burns in the hospitals.


CONCLUSIONS
Causes of childhood burns are largely preventable requiring active social/medical education and public enlighten campaigns on the various methods of prevention. The government to see to it that hospitals have specialized units for managing burn cases and also the socio-economic status of its people be improved.
A pilot study to test the effects of art-making classes for family caregivers of patients with cancer.

PURPOSE/OBJECTIVES
To test the effects of an art-making class (AMC) on reducing anxiety and stress among family caregivers of patients with cancer.


DESIGN
A pretest and post-test quasi-experimental design.


SETTING
A residential care facility near tertiary treatment centers in the southeastern United States.


SAMPLE
The convenience sample of 69 family caregivers was aged 18-81 years (X = 48 years) and predominantly Catholic. Most had at least a high school education. Two-thirds were daughters, wives, or mothers of patients with cancer.


METHODS
Participants completed a demographic data survey and a Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI). Researchers collected a saliva sample from each participant to measure salivary cortisol, which indicates stress levels. Following pretesting, a two-hour AMC was delivered. Post-tests included a repeat BAI and a second saliva sample.


MAIN RESEARCH VARIABLES
Anxiety and stress.


FINDINGS
Anxiety was significantly reduced after AMC. Stress was reduced.


CONCLUSIONS
The AMC appeared to reduce anxiety and stress. The addition of a control group and replication with larger numbers are suggested. The physiologic cortisol measure corroborated BAI findings but was difficult to obtain from some cultural groups and was expensive to analyze.


IMPLICATIONS FOR NURSING
Family caregivers may benefit from participation in art-making interventions. Nurses should continue to investigate the use of creative approaches to promote holistic care.
The amputee mobility predictor: an instrument to assess determinants of the lower-limb amputee's ability to ambulate.

OBJECTIVES
To describe the development of the Amputee Mobility Predictor (AMP) instrument designed to measure ambulatory potential of lower-limb amputees with (AMPPRO) and without (AMPnoPRO) the use of a prosthesis, and to test its reliability and validity.


DESIGN
Measurement study using known groups method and concurrence with existing measures.


SETTING
Academic medical center.


PARTICIPANTS
A convenience sample of 191 lower-limb amputee subjects who had completed prosthetic training, 24 in the reliability study (mean age +/- standard deviation, 68.3+/-17.9y, range, 28-99y) and 167 in the validity study (mean age, 54.8+/-18.6y; range, 18-100y).


INTERVENTIONS
Not applicable.


MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES
Intra- and interrater reliability; construct validity by known groups method; concurrent validity by comparisons with 6-minute walk test, Comorbidity Index, age, and time since amputation; predictive validity by comparison with 6-minute walk test after controlling for other factors.


RESULTS
Interrater reliability was.99 for subjects tested with and without their prosthesis; intrarater reliability was.96 and.97. Both the AMPnoPRO (P<.0001) and the AMPPRO scores (P<.0001) distinguished among the 4 Medicare functional classification levels. The AMP correlated strongly with 6-minute walk scores (AMPnoPRO r=.69, P<.0001; AMPPRO r=.82, P<.0001) and the amputee activity survey (AMPnoPRO r=.67, P<.0001; AMPPRO r=.77, P<.0001), and negatively correlated with age (AMPnoPRO r=-.69, P<.0001; AMPPRO r=.56, P<.0001) and comorbidity (AMPnoPRO r=-.43, P<.0001; AMPPRO r=.38, P<.0001).


CONCLUSION
The AMP with and without a prosthesis are reliable and valid measures for the assessment of functional ambulation in lower-limb amputee subjects.
Hybrides Steuerungs- und Regelungskonzept für das hochautomatisierte Fahren auf Autobahnen

Zusammenfassung Es wird eine neuartige hybride Systemarchitektur für kontinuierliche Steuerungsund Regelungssysteme mit diskreten Entscheidungsfindungsprozessen vorgestellt. Die Funktionsweise wird beispielhaft für das hochautomatisierte Fahren auf Autobahnen und den Nothalteassistenten dargestellt. Da für einen zukünftigen Einsatz derartiger Systeme deren Robustheit entscheidend ist, wurde diese bei der Entwicklung des Ansatzes in den Mittelpunkt gestellt. Summary An innovative hybrid system structure for continuous control systems with discrete decisionmaking processes is presented. The functionality is demonstrated on a highly automated driving system on freeways and on the emergency stop assistant. Due to the fact that the robustness will be a determining factor for future usage of these systems, the presented structure focuses on this feature.
Safety of long-term biologic therapy in rheumatologic patients with a previously resolved hepatitis B viral infection.

UNLABELLED
European and Asian studies report conflicting data on the risk of hepatitis B virus (HBV) reactivation in rheumatologic patients with a previously resolved HBV (prHBV) infection undergoing long-term biologic therapies. In this patient category, the safety of different immunosuppressive biologic therapies, including rituximab, was assessed. A total of 1218 Caucasian rheumatologic patients, admitted consecutively as outpatients between 2001 and 2012 and taking biologic therapies, underwent evaluation of anti-HCV and HBV markers as well as liver amino transferases every 3 months. Starting from January 2009, HBV DNA monitoring was performed in patients with a prHBV infection who had started immunosuppressive biologic therapy both before and after 2009. Patients were considered to have elevated aminotransferase levels if values were >1× upper normal limit at least once during follow-up. We found 179 patients with a prHBV infection (14 treated with rituximab, 146 with anti-tumor necrosis factor-alpha, and 19 with other biologic therapies) and 959 patients without a prHBV infection or other liver disease (controls). The mean age in the former group was significantly higher than the controls. Patients with a prHBV infection never showed detectable HBV DNA serum levels or antibody to hepatitis B surface antigen/hepatitis B surface antigen seroreversion. However, when the prevalence of elevated amino transferases in patients with prHBV infection was compared to controls, it was significantly higher in the former group only for aminotransferase levels >1× upper normal limit but not when aminotransferase levels >2× upper normal limit were considered.


CONCLUSION
Among patients with a prHBV infection and rheumatologic indications for long-term biologic therapies, HBV reactivation was not seen; this suggests that universal prophylaxis is not justified and is not cost-effective in this clinical setting.
Effects of a polyelectrolyte additive on the selective dialysis membrane permeability for low-molecular-weight proteins.

BACKGROUND
Improving the sieving characteristics of dialysis membranes enhances the clearance of low-molecular-weight (LMW) proteins and may have an impact on outcome in patients receiving haemodialysis. To approach this goal, a novel polyelectrolyte additive process was applied to a polyethersulphone (PES) membrane.


METHODS
Polyelectrolyte-modified PES was characterized in vitro by measuring complement activation and sieving coefficients of cytochrome c and serum albumin. In a prospective, randomized, cross-over study, instantaneous plasma water clearances and reduction rates of LMW proteins [beta(2)-microglobulin (b2m), cystatin c, myoglobin, retinol binding protein] were determined in eight patients receiving dialysis treatment with PES in comparison with polysulphone (PSU). Biocompatibility was assessed by determination of transient leucopenia, plasma levels of complement C5a, thrombin-antithrombin III (TAT), myeloperoxidase (MPO) and elastase (ELT).


RESULTS
PES showed a steeper sieving profile and lower complement activation in vitro compared with PSU. Instantaneous clearance (69 +/- 8 vs. 58 +/- 3 ml/min; P < 0.001) and reduction rate (72.3 +/- 1 5% vs 66.2 +/- 6.1%; P < 0.001) of b2m were significantly higher with PES as compared with PSU. With higher molecular weight of proteins, differences in the solute removal between PES and PSU further increased, whereas albumin loss remained low (PES, 0.53 +/- 0.17 vs PSU, <0.22 g/dialysis). MPO, ELT and TAT did not differ between the two membranes. In contrast, leucopenia was less pronounced and C5a generation was significantly lower during dialysis with PES.


CONCLUSIONS
Polyelectrolyte modification of PES results in a higher LMW protein removal and in optimized biocompatibility. Whether these findings translate into better outcome of patients receiving haemodialysis requires further studies.
Design and Analysis of Machine Tool Spindle for Special Purpose Machines ( SPM ) and Standardizing the Design Using Autodesk Inventor ( I-Logic )

The work focuses on designing a machine tool spindle for SPM to carry out Face-milling operation on the given work-piece. The machine tool spindle is one of the major mechanical components in any machining center. The main structural properties of the spindle generally depend on the dimensions of the shaft, motor, tool holder, bearings and the design configuration of the overall spindle assembly. The bearing arrangements are defined by the type of operation, the cutting forces acting and the life of bearings. The forces which are affecting the machine tool spindle during machining are Tangential force (Fz), Axial force (Fx), radial force (Fy) will be estimated. Based on maximum cutting force incurred the analysis will be carried out. Design calculations are performed for bearing and spindle shaft using Analytical approach for determination of bearing life and the rigidity of the spindle shaft respectively. The spindle is then modeled using Autodesk Inventor modeling software. Finite Element method is used on Spindle shaft, critical and structural components to determine total deformation and von-Mises stress in the components. In Finite Element Method, Static structural analysis is performed to determine stress and total deformation in the components. Validation of the result is obtained by comparing of Analytical result with Finite Element Analysis using ANSYS. Here, in this project we use iLogic, a program in Autodesk inventor to design the different sizes of machine tool spindle as per the requirement at a faster rate. iLogic permits rules-driven design, which provides a simple way to obtain and reuse your work. Use of iLogic helps in standardization and automation of the design processes and configures virtual products. It also supports design optimization.