LLukas22/scidocs huggingface dataset:
C . News versus Sentiment : Predicting Stock Returns from News Stories

This paper uses a dataset of more than 900,000 news stories to test whether news can predict stock returns. We measure sentiment with a proprietary Thomson-Reuters neural network. We find that daily news predicts stock returns for only 1 to 2 days, confirming previous research. Weekly news, however, predicts stock returns for one quarter. Positive news stories increase stock returns quickly, but negative stories have a longdelayed reaction. Much of the delayed response to news occurs around the subsequent earnings announcement. Steven L. Heston and Nitish Ranjan Sinha. Heston: Department of Finance, Robert H. Smith School of Business, University of Maryland, College Park, sheston@rhsmith.umd.edu. Ranjan Sinha: Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System, nitish.r.sinha@frb.gov. We thank Tim Loughran, Paul Tetlock, seminar participants at University of Maryland (finance brownbag), Acadian Asset Management and the Office of Financial Research. The analysis and conclusions set forth are those of the authors and do not indicate concurrence by other members of the research staff or the Board of Governors. JEL–Classification: G12, G14
Bundle adjustment and Kalman filtering for homography estimation

This document compares global bundle adjustment via the ubiquitous Levenberg-Marquardt to a Kalman filter to estimate parameters of a homographic transformation between two or more images starting from bad initial conditions. We show that the filtering technique outperforms sparse bundle adjustment in terms of projection error and computational costs. The techniques are tested on real world images of an indoor and outdoor scene.
Mediators of the association between age of first sexual intercourse and subsequent human papillomavirus infection.

OBJECTIVE
Previous studies have demonstrated that early age of first sexual intercourse is associated with human papillomavirus (HPV) infection. The objective of this study was to identify a set of risk behaviors and partner characteristics that mediate the association between age of first sexual intercourse and subsequent HPV infection in adolescent and young adult women.


METHODS
Female university students completed surveys and underwent HPV testing every 6 months for up to 3 years. HPV-positive participants were matched to HPV-negative participants (252 pairs, total N = 504). Associations were examined between risk behaviors/partner characteristics and both age of first sexual intercourse and HPV infection. Those variables associated with either age of first sexual intercourse or HPV infection were entered into a generalized estimating equation (to account for the matched study design) modeling the association between age of first sexual intercourse and HPV infection.


RESULTS
Mean age of first sexual intercourse was 16.7 (+/-1.8) years, and early age of first sexual intercourse was associated significantly with HPV infection (beta = -0.20; odds ratio: 0.82; 95% confidence interval: 0.74-0.90). The association was mediated by number of sexual partners in the past 6 months, history of sexually transmitted infection, alcohol and drug use related to sexual behaviors, and partner's number of sexual partners.


CONCLUSION
A set of behavioral risk factors and partner characteristics partially mediate the association between age of first sexual intercourse and subsequent HPV infection.
Characteristics of Women Enrolled into a Randomized Clinical Trial of Dapivirine Vaginal Ring for HIV-1 Prevention

INTRODUCTION
Women in sub-Saharan Africa are a priority population for evaluation of new biomedical HIV-1 prevention strategies. Antiretroviral pre-exposure prophylaxis is a promising prevention approach; however, clinical trials among young women using daily or coitally-dependent products have found low adherence. Antiretroviral-containing vaginal microbicide rings, which release medication over a month or longer, may reduce these adherence challenges.


METHODS
ASPIRE (A Study to Prevent Infection with a Ring for Extended Use) is a phase III, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial testing the safety and effectiveness of a vaginal ring containing the non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor dapivirine for prevention of HIV-1 infection. We describe the baseline characteristics of African women enrolled in the ASPIRE trial.


RESULTS
Between August 2012 and June 2014, 5516 women were screened and 2629 HIV-1 seronegative women between 18-45 years of age were enrolled from 15 research sites in Malawi, South Africa, Uganda, and Zimbabwe. The median age was 26 years (IQR 22-31) and the majority (59%) were unmarried. Nearly 100% of participants reported having a primary sex partner in the prior three months but 43% did not know the HIV-1 status of their primary partner; 17% reported additional concurrent partners. Nearly two-thirds (64%) reported having disclosed to primary partners about planned vaginal ring use in the trial. Sexually transmitted infections were prevalent: 12% had Chlamydia trachomatis, 7% Trichomonas vaginalis, 4% Neisseria gonorrhoeae, and 1% syphilis.


CONCLUSIONS
African HIV-1 seronegative women at risk of HIV -1 infection were successfully enrolled into a phase III trial of dapivirine vaginal ring for HIV-1 prevention.
Supply Chain Inventory Management and the Value of Shared Information

In traditional supply chain inventory management, orders are the only information firms exchange, but information technology now allows firms to share demand and inventory data quickly and inexpensively. We study the value of sharing these data in a model with one supplier, N identical retailers, and stationary stochastic consumer demand. There are inventory holding costs and back-order penalty costs. We compare a traditional information policy that does not use shared information with a full information policy that does exploit shared information. In a numerical study we find that supply chain costs are 2.2% lower on average with the full information policy than with the traditional information policy, and the maximum difference is 12.1%. We also develop a simulation-based lower bound over all feasible policies. The cost difference between the traditional information policy and the lower bound is an upper bound on the value of information sharing: In the same study, that difference is 3.4% on average, and no more than 13.8%. We contrast the value of information sharing with two other benefits of information technology, faster and cheaper order processing, which lead to shorter lead times and smaller batch sizes, respectively. In our sample, cutting lead times nearly in half reduces costs by 21% on average, and cutting batches in half reduces costs by 22% on average. For the settings we study, we conclude that implementing information technology to accelerate and smooth the physical flow of goods through a supply chain is significantly more valuable than using information technology to expand the flow of information. (Supply Chain; Multi-Echelon Inventory Management; Periodic Review Policies; Electronic Data Interchange)
The efficacy and pattern of use of a computer-assisted programme for the treatment of anxiety: a naturalistic study using mixed methods in primary care in Spain.

BACKGROUND
Naturalistic studies to assess the efficacy and pattern of use of computer-delivered psychotherapy programmes in real daily clinical conditions are infrequent. Anxiety disorders are the most common mental disorders, and many of them do not receive adequate management, especially in primary care settings. The objective of this study is to assess the efficacy of an internet-delivered programme for anxiety in primary care.


METHODS
Multicentre, naturalistic study. Patients with generalised anxiety disorder were recruited (N=229). The generalised anxiety disorder 7-item scale (GAD-7) was the only outcome measured. Qualitative methods were used to analyse patient-therapist interactions.


RESULTS
Only 13.5% of patients completed the programme. Analysis per intent-to-treat using Last Observation Carried Forward showed a significant GAD-7 decrease post-treatment (-2.17: SD=4.77; p=0.001) (Cohen׳s d=0.43) with a correlation between the number of sessions and decrease in anxiety (Rho=-0.34, p=0.001). The analysis per protocol showed significantly decreased GAD-7 (-4.13; SD=6.82; p=0.002) (d=0.80). Withdrawal was related to low programme friendliness, lack of a partner, and higher education. Only 17.47% of the patients consulted their therapists. Facilitators were patient demand for information and sufficient time. Barriers were lack of motivation and lack of connection with the programme.


LIMITATIONS
The main limitations of this study included the use of an open trial design, the lack of follow-up, and the inclusion of only one outcome (GAD-7).


CONCLUSIONS
To our knowledge, this is the first study with computer-delivered psychotherapy (CDP) on GAD. CDP for anxiety is efficacious in naturalistic environments. Specific facilitators and barriers should be considered.
Estimated GFR Before and After Bariatric Surgery in CKD.

BACKGROUND
Several reviews have recently detailed the beneficial effects of weight loss surgery for kidney function. However, these studies have a number of limitations, including small sample size, few done in chronic kidney disease (CKD) stages 3 and 4, and many not including the main bariatric surgery procedures used in the United States today.


STUDY DESIGN
This was an observational retrospective cohort study comparing propensity score-matched bariatric surgery patients and nonsurgery control patients who were referred for, but did not have, surgery. Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) and sleeve gastrectomy were also compared using propensity matching.


SETTING & PARTICIPANTS
Patients (714 surgery patients; 714 controls) were from a large integrated health care system, a mean of 58±8 (SD) years old, and mostly women (77%) and non-Hispanic whites (56%) and had diabetes mellitus (66%) and/or hypertension (91%).


PREDICTOR
Predictors at the time of surgery or referral to surgery were age, sex, race/ethnicity, weight, and presence of diabetes and/or hypertension.


OUTCOMES
The primary outcome for this study was change in estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) from serum creatinine level over a median 3-year follow-up period.


MEASUREMENTS
Serum creatinine was used to calculate eGFR using the CKD-EPI (CKD Epidemiology Collaboration) creatinine equation.


RESULTS
Surgery patients had 9.84 (95% CI, 8.05-11.62) mL/min/1.73m2 greater eGFRs than controls at a median 3 years' follow-up and RYGB patients had 6.60 (95% CI, 3.42-9.78) mL/min/1.73m2 greater eGFRs than sleeve gastrectomy patients during the same period.


LIMITATIONS
This study is limited by its nonrandomized observational study design, estimation of GFR, and large changes in muscle mass, which may affect serum creatinine level independent of changes in kidney function.


CONCLUSIONS
Bariatric surgery, especially the RYGB procedure, results in significant improvements for up to 3 years in eGFRs for patients with CKD stages 3 and 4.
Cellular Automata Models for Transportation Applications

This paper gives an overview of the use of CA modes for transportation applications. In transportation applications, the CA dynamics is embedded within several other concepts, such as the fact that the dynamics unfolds on a graph instead of on flat 2d space, or multi-agent modeling. The paper also discusses the the limits of the CA technology in traffic.
Language independent web news extraction system based on text detection framework

Web news provides a direct and efficient way to construct large text corpora. The creation of text data requires an understanding of HTML code and the preparation of customized parsing rules to identify text content in a webpage. Typically, parsing rules are written manually and cannot be applied to pages with different layouts. In this study, we present a web news extraction system that is based on a text detection framework. The proposed method scans the input HTML page and creates text statistics as a projection profile. Then, text block identification is applied to determine a set of content candidates. To filter noise, text verification determines whether a given text block can be included with content. We evaluate the proposed approach with the L3S-GN1 corpus and 3506 multilingual news data items randomly sampled from 325 websites (15 geographic regions and 11 distinct languages). We also compare the proposed method to 23 well-known state-of-the-art techniques. The experimental results show that the proposed method outperforms the second best method (NReadability) by 7.30% in the macro F-measure rate and is 16.91 times faster than NReadability. In terms of the perfect rate, the proposed method demonstrates 46.38% accuracy, whereas the Boilerpipe algorithm demonstrates only 21.54% accuracy. The proposed method is very useful for constructing a multilingual corpus because it requires no language-specific processing component. © 2016 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
The institute of medicine guidelines for gestational weight gain after a diagnosis of gestational diabetes and pregnancy outcomes.

OBJECTIVE
The objective of this study was to assess the impact of gestational weight gain outside the Institute of Medicine (IOM) recommendations after the diagnosis of gestational diabetes (GDM) on perinatal outcomes.


MATERIALS AND METHODS
This was a retrospective cohort study. Women were classified as gestational weight gain (GWG) within, less than, or greater than IOM recommendations for body mass index as calculated by gestational weight gain per week after a diagnosis of GDM. Outcomes assessed were preeclampsia, cesarean delivery, A2 GDM, birth weight, small for gestational age (SGA), large for gestational age (LGA), macrosomia, and preterm delivery. Groups were compared using analysis of variance and chi-square test for trend, as appropriate. Backward stepwise logistic regression was used to adjust for significant confounding factors.


RESULTS
Of 635 subjects, 92 gained within, 175 gained less than, and 368 gained more than IOM recommendations. The risk of cesarean delivery and A2 GDM was increased in those gaining above the IOM recommendations compared with within. For every 1-lb/week increase in weight gain after diagnosis of GDM, there was a 36 to 83% increase in the risk of preeclampsia, cesarean delivery, A2 GDM, macrosomia, and LGA, without decreases in SGA or preterm delivery.


CONCLUSION
Weight gain more than the IOM recommendations per week of gestation after a diagnosis of GDM is associated with adverse pregnancy outcomes.
Nursing theory: its importance to practice.

Background Nursing theory should provide the principles that underpin practice and help to generate further nursing knowledge. However, a lack of agreement in the professional literature on nursing theory confuses nurses and has caused many to dismiss nursing theory as irrelevant to practice. This article aims to identify why nursing theory is important in practice. Conclusion By giving nurses a sense of identity, nursing theory can help patients, managers and other healthcare professionals to recognise the unique contribution that nurses make to the healthcare service ( Draper 1990 ). Providing a definition of nursing theory also helps nurses to understand their purpose and role in the healthcare setting.
Generative design: a paradigm for design research

Generative design offers new modes of aesthetic experience based on the incorporation of system dynamics into the production of artifact and experience. In this paper, we review a number of processes that can be explored by designers and suggest how design as a discipline can benefit from this research. These processes include self-organization, swarm systems and ant colonies, evolution, and generative grammars. We give example applications of these processes to creativity and design.
Cognitive behaviour therapy for menopausal symptoms following breast cancer treatment: Who benefits and how does it work?

OBJECTIVES
Cognitive behaviour therapy (CBT) has been found to reduce the impact of menopausal symptoms, hot flushes and night sweats. This study investigates the moderators and mediators of CBT for women who had problematic menopausal symptoms following breast cancer treatment.


STUDY DESIGN
Analysis of 96 patients with breast cancer induced menopausal symptoms recruited to the MENOS1 trial; 47 were randomly assigned to Group CBT and 49 to usual care. Questionnaires were completed at baseline, 9 and 26 weeks post randomisation. Potential moderators and mediators, including sociodemographic, clinical and psychological factors, of the treatment effect on the primary outcome were examined.


MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE
Hot Flush Problem Rating.


RESULTS
CBT was effective at reducing problem rating at 9 weeks regardless of age, BMI, time since breast cancer diagnosis, menopausal status at time of diagnosis, or type of cancer treatment (radiotherapy or chemotherapy or endocrine treatment). The treatment effect was significantly greater in women not receiving chemotherapy, those with higher levels of psychological distress at baseline and for non-white women. Beliefs about control/coping with hot flushes were the main mediators of improvement in problem rating following CBT. Beliefs about hot flushes in a social context, depressed mood and sleep problems were also identified as mediators.


CONCLUSIONS
These findings suggest that CBT is widely applicable for breast cancer patients who are experiencing treatment related menopausal symptoms, and that CBT works mainly by changing beliefs and improving mood and sleep.
NPACT: Enhancing Programs of Assertive Community Treatment for the Seriously Mentally Ill

Morbidity and mortality due to physical illness is extremely high in the population of persons with serious mental illness. The purpose of this study was to examine the impact on psychiatric and physical outcomes through enhancing a standard Program of Assertive Community Treatment (PACT) with Advanced Practice Psychiatric Mental Health Nurses (APNs) and stabilized consumer peer providers (NPACT). In a two-group community comparison design, 38 participants receiving NPACT were compared to 21 participants receiving traditional PACT. Evaluations were conducted at baseline and 6 months. Significant improvements over time were demonstrated for both groups on all summary variables. Treatment effects for NPACT over PACT were demonstrated for psychiatric symptoms, community functioning, and consumer satisfaction. Conclusions: Enhancements for PACT using advanced practice nurses and consumer peer providers have the potential to address both health and mental health problems for the seriously mentally ill.
“Loot, lechery and the political game”: the Prince Regent and some contemporary writers

Abstract This article explores some of the links between literature and politics during the period of the Regency, with particular emphasis on some of the contrasting relationships between the Prince Regent (later George IV) and some of the major writers of the period. The Prince Regent sought to establish a climate in which literature and the arts could flourish, but, because of his disorderly private life, his lavishly wasteful use of public funds, and his involvement in party-politics, he was often in conflict with contemporary writers. Leigh Hunt's strictures on the Regent earned him a two-year prison sentence, much to the indignation of many of his fellow writers. By contrast, the poet laureate Robert Southey had a complicit and compromised relationship with the Regent that had as much if not more to do with politics than it did with literature. Yet others, such as Walter Scott, who shared much of the Regent's political outlook, maintained friendly relations with him that were largely or entirely unt...
ON EDUCATIONAL DATA MINING TECHNIQUES

The educational data mining is emerging field that focuses on analyzing educational data to develop models for improving learning experiences and improving institutional effectiveness. Increasing interest in data mining and educational systems, make educational data mining as a new growing research community. Educational Data Mining means to extract the hidden knowledge from large educational databases with the use of techniques and tools. Educational Data Mining develops new methods to discover knowledge from educational database and it is used for decision making in educational system. In this paper we focus on comparative analysis of various educational data mining techniques with their algorithms. We compare the accuracy of these techniques with their algorithms on weka tool. The compared techniques and algorithms are presented together with some experimental data that give rise to the final conclusion. Keyword: Association Rule, Classification, Clustering, Educational Data Mining (EDM), KDED (Knowledge Discovery In Educational Databases), Web Mining, Weka.
Making recipes in the kitchen of the future

INTRODUCTION A kitchen is not just a place of labor. Throughout history, the activity of preparing food has been accompanied (and even used as an excuse for) social interaction and the development of social bonds. Modern lifestyles and convenience foods have reduced the time and effort required for cooking, but at the same time, have lessened the opportunities for interaction. Our contribution is to demonstrate how a “Kitchen of the Future” can use technology to re-introduce such social interactions, and also enable entirely novel forms of communication mediated by computer. Our kitchen supports the automatic generation of web-ready recipe pages, with other possible applications including actual cooking assistance, and communication or education across distances, cultures and generations.
Administration of Pure Ergothioneine to Healthy Human Subjects: Uptake, Metabolism, and Effects on Biomarkers of Oxidative Damage and Inflammation.

AIM
We investigated the uptake and pharmacokinetics of l-ergothioneine (ET), a dietary thione with free radical scavenging and cytoprotective capabilities, after oral administration to humans, and its effect on biomarkers of oxidative damage and inflammation.


RESULTS
After oral administration, ET is avidly absorbed and retained by the body with significant elevations in plasma and whole blood concentrations, and relatively low urinary excretion (<4% of administered ET). ET levels in whole blood were highly correlated to levels of hercynine and S-methyl-ergothioneine, suggesting that they may be metabolites. After ET administration, some decreasing trends were seen in biomarkers of oxidative damage and inflammation, including allantoin (urate oxidation), 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine (DNA damage), 8-iso-PGF2α (lipid peroxidation), protein carbonylation, and C-reactive protein. However, most of the changes were non-significant.


INNOVATION
This is the first study investigating the administration of pure ET to healthy human volunteers and monitoring its uptake and pharmacokinetics. This compound is rapidly gaining attention due to its unique properties, and this study lays the foundation for future human studies.


CONCLUSION
The uptake and retention of ET by the body suggests an important physiological function. The decreasing trend of oxidative damage biomarkers is consistent with animal studies suggesting that ET may function as a major antioxidant but perhaps only under conditions of oxidative stress. Antioxid. Redox Signal. 26, 193-206.