LLukas22/scidocs huggingface dataset:
PRECAST CONCRETE WALL PANELS WITH GLASS CONCRETE

NOTICE This report was prepared by Columbia University in the course of performing work contracted for and sponsored by the New York State Energy Research and Development Authority (hereafter " NYSERDA "). The opinions expressed in this report do not necessarily reflect those of NYSERDA or the State of New York, and reference to any specific product, service, process, or method does not constitute an implied or expressed recommendation or endorsement of it. Further, NYSERDA, the State of New York, and the contractor make no warranties or representations, expressed or implied, as to the fitness for particular purpose or merchantability of any product, apparatus, or service, or the usefulness, completeness, or accuracy of any processes, methods, or other information contained, described, disclosed, or referred to in this report. NYSERDA, the State of New York, and the contractor make no representation that the use of any product, apparatus, process, method, or other information will not infringe privately owned rights and will assume no liability for any loss, injury, or damage resulting from, or occurring in connection with, the use of information contained, described, disclosed, or referred to in this report. iii ABSTRACT A research project was conducted to develop a concrete material that contains recycled waste glass and reprocessed carpet fibers and would be suitable for precast concrete wall panels. Post-consumer glass and used carpets constitute major solid waste components. Therefore their beneficial use will reduce the pressure on scarce landfills and the associated costs to taxpayers. By identifying and utilizing the special properties of these recycled materials, it is also possible to produce concrete elements with improved esthetic and thermal insulation properties. Using recycled waste glass as substitute for natural aggregate in commodity products such as precast basement wall panels brings only modest economic benefits at best, because sand, gravel, and crushed stone are fairly inexpensive. However, if the esthetic properties of the glass are properly exploited, such as in building façade elements with architectural finishes, the resulting concrete panels can compete very effectively with other building materials such as natural stone. As for recycled carpet fibers, the intent of this project was to exploit their thermal properties in order to increase the thermal insulation of concrete wall panels. In this regard, only partial success was achieved, because commercially reprocessed carpet fibers improve the thermal properties of concrete only marginally, as compared with other methods, such as the use of …
Influence of Social Media on the Academic Performance of the Undergraduate Students of Kogi State University, Anyigba, Nigeria

The paper examines the influence of social media on the academic performance of the undergraduate stud nts of Kogi State University. The rationale behind the stu dy is to find out whether the exposure of the stude nts to social media has effect on their academic performance. The paper is anchored on two theories; namely: social information processing theory and media equation th eory. The survey research method was adopted, emplo ying the questionnaire as an instrument of data collecti on. The findings show that undergraduate students o f Kogi State University, Anyigba, Nigeria, have access to ocial media and that their exposure to social medi a is to a very great extent. Findings also show that exposure to social media has effect on the students and tha t the effect is negative. Findings also show that facebook is th e most used social media by undergraduate students of Kogi State University. Based on the findings, the paper concludes that exposure to social media by the unde rgraduate students of Kogi State University has negative effe ct on their academic performance. To this end, the paper recommends that the students should pay minimal att ention to social media and focus more on their acad emic activities.
Analysis of architecture evaluation data

The output of 18 software architecture evaluations is analyzed. The goal of the analysis is to find patterns in the important quality attributes and risk themes identified in the evaluations. The major results are A categorization of risk themes. The observation that twice as many risk themes are risks of ‘‘omission” as are risks of ‘‘commission”. A failure to find a relationship between the business and mission goals of a system and the risk themes from an evaluation of that system. A failure to find a correlation between the domain of a system being evaluated and the important quality attributes for that system. A wide diversity of names used for various quality attributes. The results of this investigation have application to practitioners by suggesting activities on which developers should put greater focus. They also have application to researchers by suggesting further areas of investigation. 2008 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
Dynamic Scene Deblurring Using Spatially Variant Recurrent Neural Networks

Due to the spatially variant blur caused by camera shake and object motions under different scene depths, deblurring images captured from dynamic scenes is challenging. Although recent works based on deep neural networks have shown great progress on this problem, their models are usually large and computationally expensive. In this paper, we propose a novel spatially variant neural network to address the problem. The proposed network is composed of three deep convolutional neural networks (CNNs) and a recurrent neural network (RNN). RNN is used as a deconvolution operator performed on feature maps extracted from the input image by one of the CNNs. Another CNN is used to learn the weights for the RNN at every location. As a result, the RNN is spatially variant and could implicitly model the deblurring process with spatially variant kernels. The third CNN is used to reconstruct the final deblurred feature maps into restored image. The whole network is end-to-end trainable. Our analysis shows that the proposed network has a large receptive field even with a small model size. Quantitative and qualitative evaluations on public datasets demonstrate that the proposed method performs favorably against state-of-the-art algorithms in terms of accuracy, speed, and model size.
Simple convolutional neural network on image classification

In recent years, deep learning has been used in image classification, object tracking, pose estimation, text detection and recognition, visual saliency detection, action recognition and scene labeling. Auto Encoder, sparse coding, Restricted Boltzmann Machine, Deep Belief Networks and Convolutional neural networks is commonly used models in deep learning. Among different type of models, Convolutional neural networks has been demonstrated high performance on image classification. In this paper we bulided a simple Convolutional neural network on image classification. This simple Convolutional neural network completed the image classification. Our experiments are based on benchmarking datasets minist [1] and cifar-10. On the basis of the Convolutional neural network, we also analyzed different methods of learning rate set and different optimization algorithm of solving the optimal parameters of the influence on image classification.
Analyzing key influences of tourists' acceptance of online reviews in travel decisions

Findings Our results revealed that eWOM has a significant influence on travel decisions. Furthermore, travelers were willing to adopt information from eWOM and this information was useful in their travel planning and decisions. Gender and time spent on online reviews were found to affect travel planning and decisions. Travelers also found that the reviews and issues raised in eWOM had credibility and were of good quality.
A short review of the historical critique of usury

Usury lending at interest or excessive interest has, according to known records, been practised in various parts of the world for at least four thousand years. During this time, there is substantial evidence of intense criticism by various traditions, institutions and social reformers on moral, ethical, religious and legal grounds. The rationale employed by these wide-ranging critics have included arguments about work ethic, social justice, economic instability, ecological destruction and inter-generational equity. While the contemporary relevance of these largely historical debates is not analysed in detail, the authors contend that their significance is greater than ever before in the context of the modern interest-based global economy.
Two interesting cases of EEC syndrome.

AIM
To report two cases of EEC syndrome with oral involvement to highlight the fact that the dental surgeon may be among the first to recognise the condition.


INTRODUCTION
The EEC syndrome, a rare congenital syndrome is characterised by ectodermal dysplasia, distal limb anomaly, cleft lip and palate and lachrymal duct anomalies although the term oligosymptomatic EEC syndrome has been suggested for cases in which ectrodactyly may be absent and that such cases should not be deprived of the EEC syndrome diagnosis. It is usually inherited as an autosomal dominant trait with variable expressivity and penetrance and all these features rarely coexist in a single individual.


CONCLUSION
Both our cases had all three characteristic features of the EEC syndrome. Other syndromes with overlapping features such as the Rapp-Hodgkin syndrome and the AEC syndrome should be considered in the differential diagnosis of incomplete forms of EEC syndrome.


CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE
It is important to follow an interdisciplinary approach to attain the greatest degree of success possible in the treatment of such cases.
Survey of Recent Operating Systems Research, Designs and Implementations

1.0 INTRODUCTION This paper surveys the recent theoretical and experimental advancements in the operating systems area. On the theoretical side much effort is being expended in rigorously defining the specifications and the logical structure (the hierarchical levels approach, the kernel approach with user defined subsystems, and so on) of an operating system, deriving proofs about the satisfaction of many properties (deadlock-free, synchronization constraints, protection requirements, and so on) and in proposing new theories, models and constructs. Researchers make extensive use of the results in the areas of graph theory, automata theory, operations research, computer architecture and software engineering. On the experimental side new operating systems with novel features are being designed and implemented. With the increased use of computers for solving many complex tasks on dedicated and general purpose systems, operating systems are required to provide many new facilities. Existing systems are being used for various experimental investigations testing different hypotheses (about new memory management policies, scheduling disciplines, interprocess communication facilities, performance monitoring, process structures, and so on). Operating systems are being modified to enhance their capabilities (like providing virtual machines, support for new devices and multilevel storage hierarchies, parallel processing capabilities, and so on). The developments in the areas of firmware, data base management and distributed processing are also having a great impact on the operating systems area. As one reads through this paper the interplay of these various factors will become apparent. This paper is the result of an attempt to collect together much information and provide pointers to the relevant literature.
Understanding the most satisfying and unsatisfying user experiences: Emotions, psychological needs, and context

The aim of this research was to study the structure of the most satisfying and unsatisfying user experiences in terms of experienced emotions, psychological needs, and contextual factors. 45 university students wrote descriptions of their most satisfying and unsatisfying recent user experiences and analyzed those experiences using the Positive and Negative Affect Schedule (PANAS) method for experienced emotions, a questionnaire probing the salience of 10 psychological needs, and a self-made set of rating scales for analyzing context. The results suggested that it was possible to capture variations in user experiences in terms of experienced emotions, fulfillment of psychological needs, and context effectively by using psychometric rating scales. The results for emotional experiences showed significant differences in 16 out of 20 PANAS emotions between the most satisfying and unsatisfying experiences. The results for psychological needs indicated that feelings of autonomy and competence emerged as highly salient in the most satisfying experiences and missing in the unsatisfying experiences. High self-esteem was also notably salient in the most satisfying experiences. The qualitative results indicated that most of the participants’ free-form qualitative descriptions, especially for the most unsatisfying user experiences, gave important information about the pragmatic aspects of the interaction, but often omitted information about hedonic and social aspects of user experience. 2011 British Informatics Society Limited. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
Orthographic Constraints on the Integration of English Loanwords in Mandarin Chinese

Chinese loan words of English origin can be roughly divided into three groups: phonemic loan, semantic loan and combination of the above two. This paper gives a brief sketch of the three different kinds of loanwords and goes a step further to point out that semantic loan tends to be the eventual form of adaptation for words borrowed from English, for the reasons that Chinese is monosyllabic, Chinese writing system is morphemic, and has little to do with its sound system, etc. Therefore, direct replication of the pronunciations of English words (phonemic loan or transliteration in this sense) is not compatible with the coding structure of Chinese. It tends to be replaced by loan translation or semantic loans. To support this hypothesis, this paper presents a data-based analysis of 55 borrowed lexical items as found in 80 articles from a Chinese newspaper and a magazine. The findings show that transliterated loanwords are not as well-accepted as semantic loans in Chinese and usually are replaced by the latter.
Parental perspectives on evaluation and management of fever in young infants: an interview study.

BACKGROUND
Young febrile infants typically undergo meticulous evaluation to rule out serious bacterial infection. Parental perspectives on the process of evaluation and management of febrile infants can influence treatment satisfaction and outcomes. This study aimed to describe the perspectives of parents of young infants presenting to hospital with fever.


METHODS
We conducted semistructured, face-to-face interviews with parents of healthy, term infants aged less than 3 months, admitted to a tertiary children's hospital in Sydney, Australia, during the management of a febrile illness. The interview transcripts were thematically analysed.


RESULTS
36 parents of 27 infants participated. All infants underwent a complete sepsis work up, received empiric antibiotics and made a complete recovery. Parental empowerment was central to the three themes identified: expecting reassurance and support (overwhelming responsibility, heightened vulnerability), facilitators for parental empowerment (medical attentiveness, medical partnership, gaining closure and a sense of validation), and barriers to empowerment (unexpected medical seriousness, relinquished control, failed expectations of support and limited capacity for advocacy).


CONCLUSIONS
Caring for a febrile infant is overwhelming for parents. When confronted by unexpected tests and hospitalisation, they fear the possibility of a severe illness, experience a sense of helplessness and loss of control as their infant undergoes painful tests, and doubt their own ability to meet their infant's needs. Family-centred care strategies that inform and support parents, acknowledging their concerns and distress, while involving them in the medical management, may promote parental empowerment and build better alliances between parents and healthcare providers.
Basal-like breast cancer defined by five biomarkers has superior prognostic value than triple-negative phenotype.

PURPOSE
Basal-like breast cancer is associated with high grade, poor prognosis, and younger patient age. Clinically, a triple-negative phenotype definition [estrogen receptor, progesterone receptor, and human epidermal growth factor receptor (HER)-2, all negative] is commonly used to identify such cases. EGFR and cytokeratin 5/6 are readily available positive markers of basal-like breast cancer applicable to standard pathology specimens. This study directly compares the prognostic significance between three- and five-biomarker surrogate panels to define intrinsic breast cancer subtypes, using a large clinically annotated series of breast tumors.


EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN
Four thousand forty-six invasive breast cancers were assembled into tissue microarrays. All had staging, pathology, treatment, and outcome information; median follow-up was 12.5 years. Cox regression analyses and likelihood ratio tests compared the prognostic significance for breast cancer death-specific survival (BCSS) of the two immunohistochemical panels.


RESULTS
Among 3,744 interpretable cases, 17% were basal using the triple-negative definition (10-year BCSS, 6 7%) and 9% were basal using the five-marker method (10-year BCSS, 62%). Likelihood ratio tests of multivariable Cox models including standard clinical variables show that the five-marker panel is significantly more prognostic than the three-marker panel. The poor prognosis of triple-negative phenotype is conferred almost entirely by those tumors positive for basal markers. Among triple-negative patients treated with adjuvant anthracycline-based chemotherapy, the additional positive basal markers identified a cohort of patients with significantly worse outcome.


CONCLUSIONS
The expanded surrogate immunopanel of estrogen receptor, progesterone receptor, human HER-2, EGFR, and cytokeratin 5/6 provides a more specific definition of basal-like breast cancer that better predicts breast cancer survival.
Sensitive Self-disclosures, Responses, and Social Support on Instagram: The Case of #Depression

People can benefit from disclosing negative emotions or stigmatized facets of their identities, and psychologists have noted that imagery can be an effective medium for expressing difficult emotions. Social network sites like Instagram offer unprecedented opportunity for image-based sharing. In this paper, we investigate sensitive self-disclosures on Instagram and the responses they attract. We use visual and textual qualitative content analysis and statistical methods to analyze self-disclosures, associated comments, and relationships between them. We find that people use Instagram to engage in social exchange and story-telling about difficult experiences. We find considerable evidence of social support, a sense of community, and little aggression or support for harmful or pro-disease behaviors. Finally, we report on factors that influence engagement and the type of comments these disclosures attract. Personal narratives, food and beverage, references to illness, and self-appearance concerns are more likely to attract positive social support. Posts seeking support attract significantly more comments. CAUTION: This paper includes some detailed examples of content about eating disorders and self-injury illnesses.
Synthesis and antimicrobial effects of silver nanoparticles produced by chemical reduction method

BACKGROUND AND THE PURPOSE OF THE STUDY
The most prominent nanoparticles for medical uses are nanosilver particles which are famous for their high anti-microbial activity. Silver ion has been known as a metal ion that exhibit anti-mold, anti-microbial and anti-algal properties for a long time. In particular, it is widely used as silver nitrate aqueous solution which has disinfecting and sterilizing actions. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the antimicrobial activity as well as physical properties of the silver nanoparticles prepared by chemical reduction method.


METHODS
Silver nanoparticles (NPs) were prepared by reduction of silver nitrate in the presence of a reducing agent and also poly [N-vinylpyrolidone] (PVP) as a stabilizer. Two kinds of NPs were synthesized by ethylene glycol (EG) and glucose as reducing agent. The nanostructure and particle size of silver NPs were confirmed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and laser particle analyzer (LPA). The formations of the silver NPs were monitored using ultraviolet- visible spectroscopy. The anti-bacterial activity of silver NPs were assessed by determination of their minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC) against the Gram positive (Staphylococcus aureus and Staphylococcus epidermidis) as well as Gram-negative (Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa) bacteria.


RESULTS AND CONCLUSION
The silver nanoparticles were spherical with particle size between 10 to 250 nm. Analysis of the theoretical (Mie light scattering theory) and experimental results showed that the silver NPs in colloidal solution had a diameter of approximately 50 nm. Both colloidal silver NPs showed high anti-bacterial activity against Gram positive and Gram negative bacteria. Glucose nanosilver colloids showed a shorter killing time against most of the tested bacteria which could be due to their nanostructures and uniform size distribution patterns.
Microsomal epoxide hydroxylase genotypes/diplotypes, traffic air pollution, and childhood asthma.

BACKGROUND
Epidemiologic studies indicate that exposure to air pollution caused by traffic may have an association with an increased risk of childhood asthma. Some studies report an association between the polymorphisms of the microsomal epoxide hydroxylase (EPHX1) gene and enzyme activity. We investigated the associations of EPHX1 Tyr113His and His139Arg polymorphisms with asthma and wheezing outcomes, and focused on the functional genetic change in different ambient nitrogen dioxide (NO₂) levels on glutathione S-transferase p1 (GSTP1) and glutathione S-transferase m1 (GSTM1) genotypes.


METHODS
A total of 3,741 children were enrolled in the Taiwan Children Health Study from 14 communities. We examined the associations of EPHX1 Tyr113His and His139Arg genotypes and diplotypes with asthma and wheezing outcomes under different ambient NO₂ exposures.


RESULTS
Children with the EPHX1 Arg/His or Arg/Arg genotypes at codon 139 were significantly associated with increased risks of lifetime asthma (adjusted OR [aOR] = 1.3; 95% CI, 1.1-1.7; and aOR = 1.5; 95% CI, 1.1-2.1, respectively). The EPHX1 diplotypes showed significant associations with lifetime asthma (global P value = .01) and early-onset asthma (global P value = .01). The risk of EPHX1 139Arg allele and 113Tyr-139Arg diplotype were of greater magnitude in higher compared with lower NO₂ communities. The increase of the effect from the EPHX1 139Arg allele with higher NO₂ exposure was most marked in the GSTP1 Val allele and GSTM1 present genotype.


CONCLUSIONS
Children with high EPHX1 activity may have increase risk of asthma and wheezing outcomes, and can be mediated through airway oxidative stress generation.