LLukas22/scidocs huggingface dataset:
Prognostic value of normal exercise and adenosine (99m)Tc-tetrofosmin SPECT imaging: results from the multicenter registry of 4,728 patients.

UNLABELLED
Event rates associated with a normal or low-risk myocardial perfusion SPECT imaging study have been shown by numerous investigators to be associated with <1%/y of follow-up. Thus, the aim of this study was to evaluate the prognostic value of a normal (99m)Tc-tetrofosmin study in a geographically diverse registry of patients undergoing stress myocardial perfusion SPECT. A total of 4,728 consecutively tested patients who underwent stress (99m)Tc-tetrofosmin SPECT at 5 U.S. hospitals were included in this series.


METHODS
Patients were monitored for the occurrence of major cardiac events and hospitalizations. Uniform methods of data collection and standardized epidemiologic methods for follow-up were used at all centers. We used a risk-adjusted, Cox proportional hazards model to assess time to cardiac death.


RESULTS
Of the 4,728 patients, one third underwent adenosine stress SPECT and two thirds underwent treadmill exercise. The observed annualized survival rate for those patients with a normal (99m)Tc-tetrofosmin study was 0.6%. Similarly, excellent survival rates were noted for the male and female subsets of this population as well as for patients who could exercise and for those undergoing pharmacologic stress testing. Compared with prior published outcomes studies on stress (201)Tl or (99m)Tc-sestamibi SPECT, the overall survival rates were similar and ranged from 99.3% to 99.7%.


CONCLUSION
Results from this large multicenter registry provide further supportive evidence that the excellent prognosis associated with a normal SPECT scan is independent of the radiopharmaceutical used.
Buy Low, Sell High: A High Frequency Trading Perspective

We develop a High Frequency (HF) trading strategy where the HF trader uses her superior speed to process information and to post limit sell and buy orders. We introduce a multi-factor self-exciting process which allows for feedback effects in market buy and sell orders and the shape of the limit order book (LOB). The model accounts for arrival of market orders that influence activity, trigger one-sided and two-sided clustering of trades, and induce temporary changes in the shape of the LOB. The resulting strategy outperforms the Poisson strategy where the trader does not distinguish between influential and non-influential events.
The impact of tiotropium on mortality and exacerbations when added to inhaled corticosteroids and long-acting β-agonist therapy in COPD.

BACKGROUND
Tiotropium has been shown to improve lung function, quality of life, and exacerbations and reduce mortality when compared with placebo in COPD. It remains unclear whether benefits are seen when tiotropium is used in conjunction with inhaled corticosteroids (ICSs) plus long-acting β-agonists (LABAs).


METHODS
We performed a retrospective cohort study using a National Health Service database of patients with COPD in Tayside, Scotland, between 2001 and 2010 that is linked with databases regarding hospital admissions, pharmacy prescriptions, and death registries. The impact of the addition of tiotropium (Tio) to ICS + LABA therapy on all-cause mortality, hospital admissions for respiratory disease, and emergency oral corticosteroid bursts was evaluated. Adjusted hazard ratios (HRs) were calculated by Cox regression after inclusion of the following covariates: cardiovascular and respiratory disease, diabetes, smoking, age, sex, and deprivation index.


RESULTS
A total of 1,857 patients were given ICS + LABA + Tio, and 996 were given ICS + LABA. Mean follow-up was 4.65 years. The adjusted HR for all-cause mortality for ICS + LABA + Tio vs ICS + LABA was 0.65 (95% CI, 0.57-0.75; P < .001). Adjusted HRs for hospital admissions and oral corticosteroid bursts were 0.85 (95% CI, 0.73-0.99; P = .04) and 0.71 (95% CI, 0.63-0.80; P < .001), respectively.


CONCLUSIONS
The study suggests that the addition of tiotropium to ICSs and LABA therapy may confer benefits in reducing all-cause mortality, hospital admissions, and oral corticosteroid bursts in patients with COPD. Triple therapy is widely used in the real-life management of COPD, with only limited scientific support. The study supports the use of triple therapy in COPD and provides a platform for randomized controlled trials specifically addressing this topic.
Log Correlation for Intrusion Detection: A Proof of Concept

Intrusion detection is an important part of networkedsystems security protection. Although commercial products exist, finding intrusions has proven to be a difficult task with limitations under current techniques. Therefore, improved techniques are needed. We argue the need for correlating data among different logs to improve intrusion detection systems accuracy. We show how different attacks are reflected in different logs and argue that some attacks are not evident when a single log is analyzed. We present experimental results using anomaly detection for the virus Yaha. Through the use of data mining tools (RIPPER) and correlation among logs we improve the effectiveness of an intrusion detection system while reducing false positives.
Pitting damage levels estimation for planetary gear sets based on model simulation and grey relational analysis

The planetary gearbox is a critical mechanism in helicopter transmission systems. Tooth failures in planetary gear sets will cause great risk to helicopter operations. A gear pitting damage level estimation methodology has been devised in this paper by integrating a physical model for simulation signal generation, a three-step statistic algorithm for feature selection and damage level estimation for grey relational analysis. The proposed method was calibrated firstly with fault seeded test data and then validated with the data of other tests from a planetary gear set. The estimation results of test data coincide with the actual test records, showing the effectiveness and accuracy of the method in providing a novel way to model based methods and feature selection and weighting methods for more accurate health monitoring and condition prediction.
Intercropping Acacia albida with maize (Zea mays) and green gram (Phaseolus aureus) at Mtwapa, Coast Province, Kenya

Long-term agroforestry demonstrations/trials using Acacia albida and other nitrogen fixing multipurpose trees/shrubs were initiated in mid-1982 to assess soil and crop productivity at a coastal lowland site characterized by low soil fertility, weed problems and consequent poor crop yields. Growth performance (height and diameter at breast height, dbh) of Acacia albida under eight densities rotationally intercropped with maize (Zea mays) and green gram (Phaseolus aureus), crop grain yields, soil fertility changes and weed control were assessed for a 5-year period (May 1982 to March 1987). A parallel-row systematic spacing field layout was used. Intercropped Acacia albida mean hight and dbh were 140 and 24% respectively higher than tree-only controls by the fifth year. Growth rate was low during the first year but increased in subsequent years to mean height and dbh of 9 m and 10 cm respectively by March 1987. While differences in dbh were significant, those between stand heights were not. Crop yields, especially under higher tree densities, declined considerably due to unexpected shade which also caused significant reductions in weed biomass. Soil fertility levels remained unchanged during the experimental period relative to the initial status, and differences between the intercropped Acacia albida plots and the tree — or crop — only control appeared not to be significant. We conclude that an understanding of the mechanism regulating leaf fall/retention phenomena of Acacia albida is crucial towards determining the intercropping potentials of the species.
Authorship attribution with thousands of candidate authors

In this paper, we use a blog corpus to demonstrate that we can often identify the author of an anonymous text even where there are many thousands of candidate authors. Our approach combines standard information retrieval methods with a text categorization meta-learning scheme that determines when to even venture a guess.
A compact inverted-F antenna to be embedded in ultra-thin laptop computer for LTE/WWAN/WiMAX/WLAN applications

A compact inverted-F antenna with multiband operations for LTE, WWAN, WiMAX and WLAN applications is presented. The antenna consists of multi-branch strips and is fabricated on both sides of the ceramic substrate, which has a compact size of 90(L)×10(W)×0.5(T) mm3 to be embedded inside an ultra-thin laptop computer as an internal antenna. Three operating bands covering 673–993 MHz, 1673–3153 MHz and 3316–3603 MHz for the LTE700/2300/2500, WWAN, WiMAX (2.3/2.5/3.5 GHz) and WLAN (2.4 GHz) systems are achieved with good radiation efficiencies.
A UAV system for inspection of industrial facilities

This work presents a small-scale Unmanned Aerial System (UAS) capable of performing inspection tasks in enclosed industrial environments. Vehicles with such capabilities have the potential to reduce human involvement in hazardous tasks and can minimize facility outage periods. The results presented generalize to UAS exploration tasks in almost any GPS-denied indoor environment. The contribution of this work is twofold. First, results from autonomous flights inside an industrial boiler of a power plant are presented. A lightweight, vision-aided inertial navigation system provides reliable state estimates under difficult environmental conditions typical for such sites. It relies solely on measurements from an on-board MEMS inertial measurement unit and a pair of cameras arranged in a classical stereo configuration. A model-predictive controller allows for efficient trajectory following and enables flight in close proximity to the boiler surface. As a second contribution, we highlight ongoing developments by displaying state estimation and structure recovery results acquired with an integrated visual/inertial sensor that will be employed on future aerial service robotic platforms. A tight integration in hardware facilitates spatial and temporal calibration of the different sensors and thus enables more accurate and robust ego-motion estimates. Comparison with ground truth obtained from a laser tracker shows that such a sensor can provide motion estimates with drift rates of only few centimeters over the period of a typical flight.
Text Databases

A text is any sequence of symbols (or characters) drawn from an alphabet. A large portion of the information available worldwide in electronic form is actually in text form (other popular forms are structured and multimedia information). Some examples are: natural language text (for example books, journals, newspapers, jurisprudence databases, corporate information, and the Web), biological sequences (ADN and protein sequences), continuous signals (such as audio, video sequence descriptions and time functions), and so on. Recently, due to the increasing complexity of applications, text and structured data are being merged into so-called semistructured data, which is expressed and manipulated in formats such as XML (out of the scope of this review). As more text data is available, the challenge to search them for queries of interest becomes more demanding. A text database is a system that maintains a (usually large) text collection and provides fast and accurate access to it. These two goals are relatively orthogonal, and both are critical to profit from the text collection. Traditional database technologies are not well suited to handle text databases. Relational databases structure the data in fixed-length records whose values are atomic and are searched for by equality or ranges. There is no general way to partition a text into atomic records, and treating the whole text as an atomic value is of little interest for the search operations required by applications. The same problem occurs with multimedia data types. Hence the need for specific technology to manage texts. The simplest query to a text database is just a string pattern: the user enters a string and the system points out all the positions of the collection where the string appears. This simple approach is insufficient for some applications where the user wishes to find a more general pattern, not just a plain string. Patterns may contain wild cards (characters that may appear zero or more times), optional characters (that may appear in the text or not), classes of characters (string positions that match a set of characters rather than a single one), gaps (that match any text substring within a range of lengths), etc. In many applications patterns must be regular expressions, composed by simple strings and union, concatenation, or repetition of other regular expressions. These extensions are typical of computational biology applications, but also appear in natural language search. In addition, a text database may provide approximate searching, that is, means for recovering from different kinds of errors that the text collection (or the user query) may contain. We may have, for example, typing, spelling or optical character recognition errors in natural language texts;
A jumping robot using soft pneumatic actuator

This paper presents the development of a new type of robot capable of vertical and directional jumping. The robot uses soft silicone elastomer based pneumatic actuators as legs that accelerate the platform upwards by rapid pressurization. The robot is able to control and adjust the direction of the jumping by altering the timing patterns in which the individual legs are activated.
Improving physical function and blood pressure in older adults through cobblestone mat walking: a randomized trial.

OBJECTIVES
To determine the relative effects of cobblestone mat walking, in comparison with regular walking, on physical function and blood pressure in older adults.


DESIGN
Randomized trial with allocation to cobblestone mat walking or conventional walking.


SETTING
General community in Eugene, Oregon.


PARTICIPANTS
One hundred eight physically inactive community-dwelling adults aged 60 to 92 (mean age+/-standard deviation=77.5+/-5.0) free of neurological and mobility-limiting orthopedic conditions.


INTERVENTION
Participants were randomized to a cobblestone mat walking condition (n=54) or regular walking comparison condition (n=54) and participated in 60-minute group exercise sessions three times per week for 16 consecutive weeks.


MEASUREMENTS
Primary endpoint measures were balance (functional reach, static standing), physical performance (chair stands, 50-foot walk, Up and Go), and blood pressure (systolic, diastolic). Secondary endpoint measures were Short Form-12 physical and mental health scores and perceptions of health-related benefits from exercise.


RESULTS
At the 16-week posttest, differences between the two exercise groups were found for balance measures (P=.01), chair stands (P<.001), 50-foot walk (P=.01), and blood pressure (P=.01) but not for the Up and Go test (P=.14). Although significant within-group changes were observed in both groups for the secondary outcome measures, there were no differences between intervention groups.


CONCLUSION
Cobblestone mat walking improved physical function and reduced blood pressure to a greater extent than conventional walking in older adults. Additional benefits of this walking program included improved health-related quality of life. This new physical activity may provide a therapeutic and health-enhancing exercise alternative for older adults.
Software Project Management Net: A New Methodology on Software Management

Managing the development of large-scale software systems is a challenge to all software project managers due to the ever-increasing complexity inherent in the software development life cycle. In this paper, a formalism intended to capture the concurrent and iterative nature of software development, called Software Project Management Net (SPMNet), is proposed to model software development projects. By augmenting and applying genetic algorithms in an innovative manner by sharply reducing the solution-search space complexity, our SPMNet provides optimal or near-optimal solutions to the resource allocation and project scheduling problems. Results collected from simulation runs clearly support our approach for practical applications.
No Association between toenail selenium levels and bladder cancer risk.

Nutritional Epidemiology Branch, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics [D. S. M., D. A.] and Center for Cancer Research [T. J. H., P. R. T.], National Cancer Institute, Rockville, Maryland 20852; Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802 [T. J. H.]; and Department of Epidemiology and Health Promotion, National Public Health Issue, Helsinki, Finland [P. P., G. A., J. V.]
Effect of blood-sugar limitation on intensive care mortality: Intragroup evaluation.

OBJECTIVE
To evaluate the safety profile of blood sugar limits in intensive care unit (ICU) patients.


METHODS
Adult patients with ICU stay >36 h, more than two blood sugar measurements and antibiotic therapy concordant with locally adapted guidelines were included. For analyses, one study cohort was defined in two ways: as a narrow group, euglycaemic patients' blood sugar levels 80-150 mg/dl; as a moderate group, euglycaemic patients' blood sugar levels 80-180 mg/dl. Dysglycaemia was defined as blood sugar levels <80 mg/dl for >5% of measurements, and >150 mg/dl or >180 mg/dl (narrow or moderate groups, respectively) for >10% of measurements. The primary endpoint was ICU mortality (euglycaemia versus dysglycaemia).


RESULTS
The study comprised 668 patients. When defined as a narrow group, ICU mortality was 3% (four of 135) euglycaemic versus 10% (54/533) dysglycaemic patients (odds ratio [OR] 3.692, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.313, 10.382). When defined as a moderate group, ICU mortality was 6% (21/351) euglycaemic versus 12% (37/317) dysglycaemic patients (OR 2.077, 95% CI 1.188, 3.630). Frequency of severe hypoglycaemia (blood sugar <40 mg/dl) was not different between the narrow and moderate euglycaemic ranges.


CONCLUSIONS
Euglycaemia was associated with lower ICU mortality than dysglycaemia, and incidence of hypoglycaemia was low overall in this study. Based on current published evidence, therapeutic targets should be defined according to individual patient characteristics.
Assessing asthma management practices through in-home technology probes

Asthma is a complex disorder and a leading chronic disease among children in USA. Families and pediatric patients with asthma need to manage different triggers and symptoms. We investigate existing asthma management practices and deploy technology probes to understand how they use technologies to manage asthma. The findings suggest that severity of asthma impacts the way that technologies are utilized. Thus, pervasive computing application can assist families and pediatric patients by bridging gaps between user's needs and their practices based on the severity of asthma and other contextual factors.
THE EFFECTS OF A 6 WEEK PLYOMETRIC TRAINING PROGRAMME ON EXPLOSIVE STRENGTH AND AGILITY IN PROFESSIONAL BASKETBALL PLAYERS

BACKGROUND: Explosive strength of the lower extremities and agility are important parts of game performance in basketball. Although numerous studies have focused on the assessment of the training effect of plyometric training, studies focusing on elite players are missing. OBJECTIVE: The aim of the study was to find out what changes in explosive strength of the lower extremities take place after a 6 week plyometric training applied in training units during the pre-season in elite basketball players. METHODS: Elite basketball players (N = 12, age 24.36 ± 3.9 years, height 196.2 ± 9.6 cm, weight 92.9 ± 13.9 kg) performed a 6 week plyometric training (PT) programme predominantly focused on explosive strength of the lower body and upper body and was conducted in sixteen training units during pre-season. The changes in explosive strength were measured by the Counter Movement Jump Free Arms test and Two Step Run Up Jump test; agility was measured using the “T” Drill test and Hexagonal Obstacle test. The players participated in three measurements. The 1st (pretesting) was performed on the first day of pre-season, the 2nd (post-testing) was done two days after completing the PT programme and the 3rd (post-testing) six weeks after completing the PT programme. Friedman’s ANOVA for repeated measurements was used to determine the significance of differences between the measurement sessions (p < .05). RESULTS: A significant effect of the training programme was observed only for the Hexagonal Obstacle test (p = .01). A post hoc analysis revealed a significant increase in test performance between the 1st and 3rd measurement (p < .01) and between the 2nd and 3rd measurement (p < .01). CONCLUSIONS: The results of the study of elite basketball players did not positively support the assumption that plyometric exercises can be an effective tool for the improvement of explosive strength and agility. However, in some players the improvements corresponded to average improvements after training programmes presented in literature.
Cavity quantum electrodynamics in the non-perturbative regime.

We study a generic cavity-QED system where a set of (artificial) two-level dipoles is coupled to the electric field of a single-mode LC resonator. This setup is used to derive a minimal quantum mechanical model for cavity QED, which accounts for both dipole-field and direct dipole-dipole interactions. The model is applicable for arbitrary coupling strengths and allows us to extend the usual Dicke model into the non-perturbative regime of QED, where the dipole-field interaction can be associated with an effective finestructure constant of order unity. In this regime, we identify three distinct classes of normal, superradiant and subradiant vacuum states and discuss their characteristic properties and the transitions between them. Our findings reconcile many of the previous, often contradictory predictions in this field and establish a common theoretical framework to describe ultrastrong coupling phenomena in a diverse range of cavity-QED platforms.
A new hybrid enhanced local linear neuro-fuzzy model based on the optimized singular spectrum analysis and its application for nonlinear and chaotic time series forecasting

Article history: Received 2 December 2013 Received in revised form 27 August 2014 Accepted 7 September 2014 Available online 18 September 2014