LLukas22/scidocs huggingface dataset:
Supercloud: Opportunities and Challenges

Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS) clouds couple applications tightly with the underlying infrastructures and services. This vendor lock-in problem forces users to apply ad-hoc deployment strategies in order to tolerate cloud failures, and limits the ability of doing virtual machine (VM) migration and resource scaling across different clouds.
 This paper presents the Supercloud, a cloud service comprising resources obtained from several diverse IaaS cloud providers, and discusses opportunities, limitations, and future research directions. Currently, the Supercloud has been deployed using resources from several major cloud providers, including Amazon EC2, Rackspace, HP Cloud, and some private clouds. VMs run in a virtual network and can be migrated seamlessly across different clouds, with different hypervisors and device models. Using case studies we demonstrate that, being able to deploy applications to more regions and granting more control to end-users, the Supercloud can reduce latency and cost compared to the underlying cloud providers.
Communication disorders: prevalence and comorbid intellectual disability, autism, and emotional/behavioral disorders.

PURPOSE
To determine a population-based estimate of communication disorders (CDs) in children; the co-occurrence of intellectual disability (ID), autism, and emotional/behavioral disorders; and the impact of these conditions on the prevalence of CDs.


METHOD
Surveillance targeted 8-year-olds born in 1994 residing in 2002 in the 3 most populous counties in Utah (n = 26,315). A multiple-source record review was conducted at all major health and educational facilities.


RESULTS
A total of 1,667 children met the criteria of CD. The prevalence of CD was estimated to be 63.4 per 1,000 8-year-olds (95% confidence interval = 60.4-66.2). The ratio of boys to girls was 1.8:1. Four percent of the CD cases were identified with an ID and 3.7% with autism spectrum disorders (ASD). Adjusting the CD prevalence to exclude ASD and/or ID cases significantly affected the CD prevalence rate. Other frequently co-occurring emotional/behavioral disorders with CD were attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder, anxiety, and conduct disorder.


CONCLUSIONS
Findings affirm that CDs and co-occurring mental health conditions are a major educational and public health concern.
Efficient Semantic Event Processing: Lessons Learned in User Interface Integration

Most approaches to application integration require an unambiguous exchange of events. Ontologies can be used to annotate the events exchanged and thus ensure a common understanding of those events. The domain knowledge formalized in ontologies can also be employed to facilitate more intelligent, semantic event processing, but at the cost of higher processing efforts. When application integration and event processing are implemented on the user interface layer, performance is an important issue to ensure acceptable reactivity of the integrated system. In this paper, we analyze different architecture variants of implementing such an event exchange, and present an evaluation with regard to performance. An example of an integrated emergency management system is used to demonstrate those variants.
Omission of adjuvant radiation therapy in elderly patients with low risk breast cancer undergoing breast-conserving surgery--two center experience.

INTRODUCTION
Breast cancer is, now often diagnosed in patients older than 70 years due to longer life expectancy. The usual treatment is mastectomy to obviate radiotherapy or breast-conserving surgery followed by radiotherapy. The aim of this study was to investigate the need for adjuvant radiotherapy in older patients and the consequences of omitting radiotherapy following conservative surgery.


METHODS
An extensive database search was made of patients who had been treated for breast cancer at the Department of Oncology, University Hospital Olomouc and the Atlas Hospital in Zlin (2004-2008). We identified 738 patients of whom 190 patients (25.7%) were older than 70 years of age. These were followed up for progression-free and overall survival. The cause of death was checked for breast cancer relapse.


RESULTS
In total only 9 patients undergoing breast saving surgery were ultimately identified. No patient had confirmed local recurrence during the follow up period: Two patients have died due to distant metastasis without local relapse and one patient has died for reasons other than breast cancer.


CONCLUSION
Omitting radiotherapy after breast saving surgery provides an opportunity for women to undergo breast saving surgery and avoid 7 weeks of radiotherapy. This could significantly improve patient quality of life. In our of many years experience and from published randomized data, this procedure is safe for a select group of patients 70 years of age and older.
Safety of phosphatidylserine containing omega3 fatty acids in ADHD children: a double-blind placebo-controlled trial followed by an open-label extension.

OBJECTIVE
To evaluate the safety of phosphatidylserine (PS) enriched with omega3 fatty acids, mainly eicosapentaenoic (PS-Omega3) in children with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD).


METHODS
Two hundred children diagnosed with ADHD were randomised to receive either PS-Omega3 (300mg PS-Omega3/day) or placebo for 15 weeks. One hundred and fifty children continued into an open-label extension for an additional 15 weeks in which they all consumed PS-Omega3 (150mg PS-Omega3/day). Standard blood biochemical and haematological safety parameters, blood pressure, heart rate, weight and height were evaluated. Adverse events and the Side Effect Rating Scale were also assessed.


RESULTS
One hundred and sixty-two participants completed the double-blind phase. No significant differences were noted between the two study groups in any of the safety parameters evaluated. One hundred and forty participants completed the open-label phase. At the end of this phase, no significant changes from baseline were observed in any of the studied parameters among participants who consumed PS-Omega3 for 30 weeks.


CONCLUSIONS
Study results demonstrate that consumption of PS-Omega3 by children with ADHD, as indicated in a 30-week evaluation period, is safe and well tolerated, without any negative effect on body weight or growth.
Implementation of Biometric Voting Machine Using Aadhar Card

Today we all know that bogus (fake) voting is still major drawback in the elections. We can transform from ballot paper to electronics voting machine (EVM), but this problem cannot avoid completely. This paper attempt to solve this problem. Today we all have AADHAR CARD so the Government has all the data base of us including finger print and retina. As we all know that general election happened last year but no one really talks about the use of AADHAR CARD. So if we used that database effectively with the help of micro controller then we can completely overcome the problem of bogus voting. This paper shows how this problem can be solved with the help of combination of biometric finger print scanner and micro controller.
Uncertainty and the Timing of Automobile Purchases

Earlier studies have shown that lumpy investment models well characterize individual expenditures on durables, in particular automobiles. In this class of models, a higher level of uncertainty generally implies that the household should tolerate a larger imbalance between the actual stock of the durable and the target stock before adjusting it by buying and/or selling. Then, if the level of uncertainty increases, aggregate expenditures would temporarily fall. This hypothesis is tested by estimating an aggregate lumpy investment model on automobile expenditure data, using stock market volatility to proxy uncertainty. The result is that expenditures fall significantly as stock market volatility increases. Copyright 2001 by The editors of the Scandinavian Journal of Economics.
The application of IOT in medical system

This paper summarizes the concepts of IOT (the internet of things), including the structure of IOT and the implementations of IOT functions. This paper also introduces the telemedicine, including the advantages of telemedicines and the telemedicine in China. At last the paper illustrates the technologies of IOT used in medical system.
Learning Reporting Dynamics during Breaking News for Rumour Detection in Social Media

Breaking news leads to situations of fast-paced reporting in social media, producing all kinds of updates related to news stories, albeit with the caveat that some of those early updates tend to be rumours, i.e., information with an unverified status at the time of posting. Flagging information that is unverified can be helpful to avoid the spread of information that may turn out to be false. Detection of rumours can also feed a rumour tracking system that ultimately determines their veracity. In this paper we introduce a novel approach to rumour detection that learns from the sequential dynamics of reporting during breaking news in social media to detect rumours in new stories. Using Twitter datasets collected during five breaking news stories, we experiment with Conditional Random Fields as a sequential classifier that leverages context learnt during an event for rumour detection, which we compare with the state-of-the-art rumour detection system as well as other baselines. In contrast to existing work, our classifier does not need to observe tweets querying a piece of information to deem it a rumour, but instead we detect rumours from the tweet alone by exploiting context learnt during the event. Our classifier achieves competitive performance, beating the state-of-the-art classifier that relies on querying tweets with improved precision and recall, as well as outperforming our best baseline with nearly 40% improvement in terms of F1 score. The scale and diversity of our experiments reinforces the generalisability of our classifier.
Comparative study of MR sialography and digital subtraction sialography for benign salivary gland disorders.

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE
MR sialography has become an alternative imaging technique for ductal salivary gland diseases. We compared the diagnostic accuracies of MR sialography and digital subtraction sialography in patients with successful completion of both examinations and benign salivary gland disorders.


METHODS
In a prospective study, we attempted to examine salivary glands in 80 patients with clinically suspected diagnoses of sialadenitis and/or sialolithiasis. Each patient underwent digital subtraction sialography and MR sialography. MR sialography was obtained with a T2-weighted single-shot turbo spin-echo sequence (TR/TE 2800/1100 msec, acquisition time 7 seconds), with use of a quadrature head coil. Final diagnoses were confirmed by clinical follow-up and results of biopsy (n = 9) or surgery (n = 19).


RESULTS
Failure rate was 5% (four of 80) for MR sialography and 14% (11 of 80) for digital subtraction sialography. Eighty-one salivary glands (48 parotid, 33 submandibular) in 65 patients were successfully visualized with both modalities. MR sialography depicted the main ductal system and first- and second-order branches, whereas digital subtraction sialography was able to depict third-order branches. Sensitivity and specificity to diagnose chronic sialadenitis were 70% and 98% with MR and 96% and 100% with digital subtraction sialography. MR sialography enabled diagnosis of sialolithiasis with a sensitivity of 80% and a specificity of 98% versus 90% and 98% for each with digital subtraction sialography.


CONCLUSION
MR sialography with a heavily T2-weighted sequence is highly successful in the noninvasive visualization of the ductal system of major salivary glands. It is useful for diagnosing sialolithiasis and sialadenitis. Digital subtraction sialography, an invasive technique, had a substantial procedural failure rate, particularly for the submandibular duct. However, because of its higher spatial resolution, successfully completed digital subtraction sialography achieved superior diagnostic information compared with that of MR sialography.
Transformation of a marker-free and vector-free antisense ACC oxidase gene cassette into melon via the pollen-tube pathway

Melons have short shelf-lives due to fruit ripening caused by ethylene production. The 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid (ACC) oxidase gene is essential for ethylene biosynthesis. As fruit ripening in other fruit crops can be deterred by down-regulation of ACC oxidase expression, we have carried out similar work to improve fruit quality and shelf-life of the melon Cucumis melo. A marker-free and vector-free antisense 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid oxidase construct was transformed into melon via the pollen-tube pathway. Based on phenotype analysis together with RT-PCR data, a transformation frequency of 0.7% was achieved. The transgenic fruits showed respiration rate and endogenous ethylene production level at approx. 15 and 6% of those of wild-type fruits, respectively. These fruits also demonstrated improved flesh firmness and exhibited extended shelf-life of 30 days compared to less than 12 days for the wild type fruits.
Physician assistants are useful in rheumatology.

EDITOR—My associate and I have had a busy practice limited to rheumatology, in addition to teaching students and residents at the local area medical school and publishing an occasional paper. Several years ago, we reached saturation point, when we were unable to accept referrals and …
Phase 2 trial of clofarabine in combination with etoposide and cyclophosphamide in pediatric patients with refractory or relapsed acute lymphoblastic leukemia.

The outcomes in children with refractory/relapsed (R/R) acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) are dismal. The efficacy and safety of intravenous clofarabine 40 mg/m(2) per day, cyclophosphamide 440 mg/m(2) per day, and etoposide 100 mg/m(2) per day for 5 consecutive days in pediatric patients with R/R ALL was evaluated in this phase 2 study. The primary endpoint was overall response rate (complete remission [CR] plus CR without platelet recovery [CRp]). Among the 25 patients (median age, 14 years; pre-B cell ALL, 84%; ≥ 2 prior regimens: 84%; refractory to previous regimen: 60%), the overall response rate was 44% (7 CR, 4 CRp) with a 67.3-week median duration or remission censored at last follow-up. Most patients proceeded to alternative therapy, and 10 patients (40%) received hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. Six patients (24%) died because of treatment-related adverse events associated with infection, hepatotoxicity, and/or multiorgan failure. The study protocol was amended to exclude patients with prior hematopoietic stem cell transplantation after 4 of the first 8 patients developed severe hepatotoxicity suggestive of veno-occlusive disease. No additional cases of veno-occlusive disease occurred. The regimen offered encouraging response rates and sustained remission in R/R patients. Future investigation should include exploration of patient selection, dosing, and supportive care. This trial was registered at www.clinicaltrials.gov as #NCT00315705.
Optic nerve hypoplasia syndrome: a review of the epidemiology and clinical associations.

OPINION STATEMENT



BACKGROUND
Optic nerve hypoplasia (ONH) has developed into a leading cause of congenital blindness. The frequently associated features of hypopituitarism and absent septum pellucidum were felt to have embryonic linkage as "septo-optic dysplasia" or "de Morsier's syndrome." More recent studies have suggested these associations are independent of one another. This review provides an assessment of the historical and recent evidence linking neuroradiologic, endocrinologic and developmental morbidity in patients with ONH. The prenatal risk factors, heritability, and genetic mutations associated with ONH are described.


RESULTS
Recognition of the critical association of ONH with hypopituitarism should be attributed to William Hoyt, not Georges de Morsier. De Morsier never described a case of ONH or recognized its association with hypopituitarism or missing septum pellucidum. Hypopituitarism is caused by hypothalamic dysfunction. This, and other more recently identified associations with ONH, such as developmental delay and autism, are independent of septum pellucidum development. Other common neuroradiographic associations such as corpus callosum hypoplasia, gyrus dysplasia, and cortical heterotopia may have prognostic significance. The predominant prenatal risk factors for ONH are primiparity and young maternal age. Presumed risk factors such as prenatal exposure to drugs and alcohol are not supported by scrutiny of the literature. Heritability and identified gene mutations in cases of ONH are rare.


CONCLUSION
Children with ONH require monitoring for many systemic, developmental, and even life-threatening problems independent of the severity of ONH and presence of brain malformations including abnormalities of the septum pellucidum. "Septo-optic dysplasia" and "de Morsier's syndrome" are historically inaccurate and clinically misleading terms.
The epidemiology and factors associated with nocturnal enuresis among boarding and daytime school children in southeast of Turkey: a cross sectional study

BACKGROUND
Nocturnal enuresis is an important problem among young children living in Turkey. The purpose of this study was to determine the possible differences in the prevalence of enuresis between children in boarding school and daytime school and the association of enuresis with sociodemographic factors.


METHODS
This was a cross-sectional survey. A total of 562 self-administered questionnaires were distributed to parents from two different types of schools. One of them was a day-time school and the other was a boarding school. To describe enuresis the ICD-10 definition of at least one wet night per month for three consecutive months was used. Chi-square test and a logistic regression model was used to identify significant predictive factors for enuresis.


RESULTS
The overall prevalence of nocturnal enuresis was 14.9%. The prevalence of nocturnal enuresis declined with age. Of the 6 year old children 33.3% still wetted their beds, while the ratio was 2.6% for 15 years-olds. There was no significant difference in prevalence of nocturnal enuresis between boys and girls (14.3% versus 16. 8%). Enuresis was reported as 18.5% among children attending day time school and among those 11.5% attending boarding school (p < 0.05). Prevalence of enuresis was increased in children living in villages, with low income and with positive family history (p < 0.05). After multivariate analysis, history of urinary tract infection (OR = 2.02), age (OR = 1.28), low monthly income (OR = 2.86) and family history of enuresis (OR = 3.64) were factors associated with enuresis. 46.4% of parents and 57.1% of enuretic children were significantly concerned about the impact of enuresis.


CONCLUSION
Enuresis was more frequent among children attending daytime school when compared to boarding school. Our findings suggest that nocturnal enuresis is a common problem among school children, especially with low income, smaller age, family history of enuresis and history of urinary tract infection. Enuresis is a pediatric public health problem and efforts at all levels should be made such as preventive, etiological and curative.
A research framework for analysing eBusiness models

Received: 28 June 2004 Revised: 29 August 2004 Accepted: 24 September 2004 Online publication date: 9 November 2004 Abstract As eBusiness is moving towards maturity, research interests shift to the investigation of opportunities for market exploitation of eBusiness technologies. As a result, the debate around business models naturally becomes more topical. However, while many researchers and practitioners are contemplating business models, there is an alarming lack of theoretical tools in the literature to structure and codify knowledge in the area. This paper draws on an extensive review of the literature to propose an analytic framework that decomposes the area of business models into eight research sub-domains. The proposed framework is then applied to organize and critically review existing research under each sub-domain as well as to define an agenda of future challenges on business model research. The framework can benefit future research by allowing researchers to better concentrate their efforts and place their contributions in an overall context, thus assisting in building a coherent body of knowledge in the challenging research domain of business models. European Journal of Information Systems (2004) 13, 302–314. doi:10.1057/palgrave.ejis.3000513
Belotecan, new camptothecin analogue, is active in patients with small-cell lung cancer: results of a multicenter early phase II study.

BACKGROUND
Belotecan (Camtobell, Chong Keun Dang Corp, Seoul, Korea; CKD602) is a new camptothecin analogue. This study aimed to investigate the safety and efficacy of single-agent belotecan for small-cell lung cancer (SCLC).


PATIENTS AND METHODS
Twenty-seven patients with chemotherapy-naive or chemosensitive SCLC were treated with belotecan 0.5 mg/m(2)/day on days 1-5 of a 3-week cycle. All 27 patients were assessable for toxicity, and 21 patients assessable for response.


RESULTS
Nine patients (42.9%) showed objective tumor responses including one complete response; seven (63.6%) in 11 chemotherapy-naive patients; and two (20.0%) in 10 chemosensitive patients. With a median follow-up of 5 years, median progression-free and survival time for chemotherapy-naive patients were 4.8 months and 11.9 months, respectively, while the corresponding values for chemosensitive patients were 3.3 months and 10.5 months, respectively. The most common toxicity was neutropenia.


CONCLUSION
Belotecan was active in SCLC patients as a single agent, warranting further investigations of belotecan in combination with platinum or other active agents.
Investigation of mitigating effect of colon-specific prodrugs of boswellic acid on 2,4,6-trinitrobenzene sulfonic acid-induced colitis in Wistar rats: Design, kinetics and biological evaluation

AIM
To develop a colon-targeting bioreversible delivery system for β-boswellic acid (BBA) and explore utility of its prodrugs in 2,4,6-trinitrobenzene sulfonic acid (TNBS)-induced colitis in rats.


METHODS
Synthesis of 4 co-drugs of BBA with essential amino acids was achieved by CDI coupling, followed by their spectral characterization. In vitro kinetics were studied by HPLC in aqueous buffers, homogenates of gastrointestinal tract and fecal matter. In vivo kinetic studies were performed in Wistar rat plasma, urine and feces. The prodrugs were screened in TNBS-induced colitis modeled Wistar rats. Statistical significance was assumed at P < 0.05, P < 0.01, P < 0.001 when compared with disease controls using one-way and two-way ANOVAs.


RESULTS
Prodrugs were stable in 0.05 mol/L HCl buffer (pH 1.2) and stomach homogenates. Negligible hydrolysis was observed in phosphate buffer and intestinal homogenates. Substantial release (55%-72% and 68%-86%) of BBA was achieved in rat fecal matter and homogenates of colon. In vivo studies of BBA with L-tryptophan (BT) authenticated colon-specific release of BBA. But, surprisingly substantial concentration of BBA was seen to reach the systemic circulation due to probable absorption through colonic mucosa. Site-specifically enhanced bioavailability of BBA could be achieved in colon, which resulted in demonstration of significant mitigating effect on TNBS-induced colitis in rats without inducing any adverse effects on stomach, liver and pancreas. Prodrug of BT was found to be 1.7% (P < 0.001) superior than sulfasalazine in reducing the inflammation to colon among all prodrugs tested.


CONCLUSION
The outcome of this study strongly suggests that these prodrugs might have dual applicability to inflammatory bowel disease and chronotherapy of rheumatoid arthritis.