LLukas22/scidocs huggingface dataset:
Collaborative augmented reality

Blending reality and virtuality, these interfaces let users see each other, along with virtual objects, allowing communication behaviors much more like face-to-face than like screen-based collaboration.
The TurtleKit Simulation Platform: Application to Complex Systems

This paper presents the TURTLEKIT simulation platform. This platform relies on the combination of a Logo simulation model with high level programming languages. Indeed, the agent model and the environment are largely inspired by the StarLogo system but can be easily extended thanks to the use of the Java programming language. This paper presents the TURTLEKIT main features and illustrate them through experiments on artificial complex systems.
Soziale Ungleichheit und Gesundheit

Soziale Unterschiede in der Morbidität und Mortalität stellen seit jeher einen zentralen Gegenstand der Public-Health-Forschung dar. In den letzten Jahren ist ein zunehmendes Forschungsinteresse festzustellen, das in der breiten Öffentlichkeit und auch in der Politik einen deutlichen Widerhall findet. Der vorliegende Beitrag beschreibt die Entwicklung und Etablierung der Sozialepidemiologie in Deutschland und stellt den aktuellen empirischen Forschungsstand dar. Außerdem werden verschiedene Modelle zur Erklärung der gesundheitlichen Ungleichheit beschrieben. Auf dieser Grundlage werden anschließend ausgewählte Herausforderungen und Perspektiven der sozialepidemiologischen Forschung aufgezeigt und anhand dieser verdeutlicht, weshalb die Analyse der sozialen Unterschiede in der Morbidität und Mortalität auch künftig eine zentrale Aufgabe der Public-Health-Forschung im nationalen sowie internationalen Kontext darstellen wird. Social differences in morbidity and mortality have always been a central topic in public health research. In recent years, there has been a growing research interest that has clearly resonated with the general public and the political arena as well. This article describes the development and establishment of social epidemiology in Germany and presents the current status of research. In addition, it describes different models for explaining health inequalities. On this basis, selected challenges and prospects of socio-epidemiological research are demonstrated. The reason why the analysis of social differences in morbidity and mortality will continue to be a key task of public health research in the national and international context in the future is also explained.
Scattered data modeling

A variety of methods for modeling scattered data are discussed, with an emphasis on two types of data: volumetric and spherical. To demonstrate the performance of the various methods, results from an empirical study using trivariate scattered data are presented. The author's objective is to provide information to aid in selecting a type of method or to form the basis for customizing a method for a particular application.<<ETX>>
The association between gout and radiographic hand, knee and foot osteoarthritis: a cross-sectional study.

BACKGROUND
Gout is the most common type of inflammatory arthritis and is largely managed in primary care. It classically affects the first metatarsophalangeal joint and distal peripheral joints, whereas the axial joints are typically spared. The reason for this particular distribution is not well understood, however, it has been suggested that osteoarthritis (OA) may be the key factor. One hypothesis is that there is an association between the disease states of gout and OA as the conditions share common risk factors. The objective of this study was to determine whether there is an association between gout and radiographic osteoarthritis (OA).


METHODS
A cross-sectional study was nested within three observational cohorts of people aged ≥ 50 years with hand, knee and foot pain. Participants with gout were identified through primary care medical records and each matched by age and gender to four individuals without gout. The presence and severity of radiographic OA were scored using validated atlases. Conditional logistic regression models were used to examine associations between gout and the presence, frequency and severity of radiographic OA at the hand, knee and foot and adjusted for BMI, diuretic use and site of joint pain.


RESULTS
Fifty-three people with gout were compared to 211 matched subjects without gout. No statistically significant associations were observed between gout and radiographic hand, knee or foot OA. However, individuals with gout had increased odds of having nodal hand OA (aOR 1.46; 95% CI 0.61, 3.50), ≥8 hand joints with moderate to severe OA (aOR 3.57; 95%CI 0.62, 20.45), foot OA (aOR 2.16; 95% CI 0.66, 7.06), ≥3 foot joints affected (aOR 4.00; 95% CI 0.99, 16.10) and ≥1 foot joints with severe OA (aOR 1.46; 95% CI 0.54, 3.94) but decreased odds of tibiofemoral (aOR 0.44; 95% CI 0.15, 1.29) or patellofemoral (aOR 0.70; 95% CI 0.22, 2.22) OA in either knee.


CONCLUSION
There was no association between gout and radiographic OA, however, people with gout appeared to be more likely to have small joint OA and less likely to have large joint OA.
Revisiting Summarization Evaluation for Scientific Articles

Evaluation of text summarization approaches have been mostly based on metrics that measure similarities of system generated summaries with a set of human written gold-standard summaries. The most widely used metric in summarization evaluation has been the ROUGE family. ROUGE solely relies on lexical overlaps between the terms and phrases in the sentences; therefore, in cases of terminology variations and paraphrasing, ROUGE is not as effective. Scientific article summarization is one such case that is different from general domain summarization (e.g. newswire data). We provide an extensive analysis of ROUGE’s effectiveness as an evaluation metric for scientific summarization; we show that, contrary to the common belief, ROUGE is not much reliable in evaluating scientific summaries. We furthermore show how different variants of ROUGE result in very different correlations with the manual Pyramid scores. Finally, we propose an alternative metric for summarization evaluation which is based on the content relevance between a system generated summary and the corresponding human written summaries. We call our metric SERA (Summarization Evaluation by Relevance Analysis). Unlike ROUGE, SERA consistently achieves high correlations with manual scores which shows its effectiveness in evaluation of scientific article summarization.
Controlled trial of psychotherapy for Congolese survivors of sexual violence.

BACKGROUND
Survivors of sexual violence have high rates of depression, anxiety, and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Although treatment for symptoms related to sexual violence has been shown to be effective in high-income countries, evidence is lacking in low-income, conflict-affected countries.


METHODS
In this trial in the Democratic Republic of Congo, we randomly assigned 16 villages to provide cognitive processing therapy (1 individual session and 11 group sessions) or individual support to female sexual-violence survivors with high levels of PTSD symptoms and combined depression and anxiety symptoms. One village was excluded owing to concern about the competency of the psychosocial assistant, resulting in 7 villages that provided therapy (157 women) and 8 villages that provided individual support (248 women). Assessments of combined depression and anxiety symptoms (average score on the Hopkins Symptom Checklist [range, 0 to 3, with higher scores indicating worse symptoms]), PTSD symptoms (average score on the PTSD Checklist [range, 0 to 3, with higher scores indicating worse symptoms]), and functional impairment (average score across 20 tasks [range, 0 to 4, with higher scores indicating greater impairment]) were performed at baseline, at the end of treatment, and 6 months after treatment ended.


RESULTS
A total of 65% of participants in the therapy group and 52% of participants in the individual-support group completed all three assessments. Mean scores for combined depression and anxiety improved in the individual-support group (2.2 at baseline, 1.7 at the end of treatment, and 1.5 at 6 months after treatment), but improvements were significantly greater in the therapy group (2.0 at baseline, 0.8 at the end of treatment, and 0.7 at 6 months after treatment) (P<0.001 for all comparisons). Similar patterns were observed for PTSD and functional impairment. At 6 months after treatment, 9% of participants in the therapy group and 42% of participants in the individual-support group met criteria for probable depression or anxiety (P<0.001), with similar results for PTSD.


CONCLUSIONS
In this study of sexual-violence survivors in a low-income, conflict-affected country, group psychotherapy reduced PTSD symptoms and combined depression and anxiety symptoms and improved functioning. (Funded by the U.S. Agency for International Development Victims of Torture Fund and the World Bank; ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT01385163.).
Owning , Using and Renting : Some Simple Economics of the “ Sharing Economy ”

Entrepreneurs have created a number of new Internet-based platforms that enable owners to rent out their durable goods when not using them for personal consumption. We develop a model of these kinds of markets in order to analyze the determinants of ownership, rental rates, quantities, and the surplus generated in these markets. Our analysis considers both a short run, before consumers can revise their ownership decisions and a long run, in which they can. This allows us to explore how patterns of ownership and consumption might change as a result of these new markets. We also examine the impact of bringing-to-market costs, such as depreciation, labor costs and transaction costs and consider the platform’s pricing problem. An online survey of consumers broadly supports the modeling assumptions employed. For example, ownership is determined by individuals’ forward-looking assessments of planned usage. Factors enabling sharing markets to flourish are explored. JEL L1, D23, D47
Validity and reliability of the Korean version of the pediatric quality of life ESRD module

BACKGROUND
Health-related quality of life is a very important issue in children with end-stage renal disease and their family. Moreover, this can be a lifelong problem. In this study, we performed a cross-sectional investigation of the health-related quality of life in Korean children, undergoing renal replacement therapies, such as dialysis and renal transplantation.


FINDINGS
We validated the Korean version of the PedsQL 3.0 End-Stage Renal Disease Module by comparing with the PedsQL 4.0 Generic Core Scales. A total of 92 pediatric patients with end-stage renal disease, aged 2-18 year old, were enrolled in four teaching hospitals in Korea. The module was acceptable for both parent proxy-report and child self-report. The response rate was acceptable, since no reminders were delivered. A large proportion of the responders answered > 90% of the items, which suggests a good face validity. The PedsQL 4.0 Generic Core Scales and the PedsQL 3.0 End-Stage Renal Disease Module showed minimal missing values in the current study, which supported feasibility. The validation analyses revealed acceptable floor and ceiling effects and an acceptable construct validity.


CONCLUSIONS
The PedsQL 3.0 End-stage Renal Disease Module may be useful as an end-stage renal disease -specific instrument in the evaluation of the health-related quality of life in Korean children; however, a larger, longitudinal prospective study is needed.
Simple self-reduction method for anterior shoulder dislocation

Shoulder dislocations represent more than 50% of all major joint dislocations and the most frequent type (>90%) of this injury is anterior shoulder dislocation[1-3]. Acute anterior shoulder dislocations usually are orthopaedic emergency cases, where reduction as the most effective pain relief therapy should be performed as soon as possible. The injury mechanisms responsible for anterior shoulder dislocations include axial stress on the arm in a position of forced abduction and external rotation, all on the arm in retroversion, or direct force injuries. Most of the reduction techniques are based on the principle of traction and countertraction[3-7]. These techniques, such as Hippocrates method or the methods described by Matsen or Mane[3,4], usually require adequate analgesia for muscle relaxation. They are tainted with possible iatrogenic complications by the damage of the neurovascular brachial structures[8,9]. The Stimson’s method utilizes the force of the gravidity[10]. In a prone position, traction of the affected arm hanging down in forward flexion was carried out using a weight applied to the wrist. Other techniques require manipulation of the affected shoulder using external rotation abduction and traction, such as the technique described by Kocher in supine position[7] as Objective: To demonstrate and evaluate a modified simple method about self-reduction of anterior shoulder dislocation for significance in the emergency room. Methods: The Boss-Holzach-Matter method for self-reduction of anterior shoulder disloaction is described. Patients with an anterior shoulder dislocation were retrospectively analysed concerning age, gender, type of anterior shoulder dislocation, occurrence of associated fractures, time between injury and reduction, reduction time, and method of reduction with its respective success rate. Results: Eighty-six patients (52 men, 34 women, mean age 49 years) were treated from January 2010 to June 2014. The reduction time ranged between 20 seconds and 6 min (mean 1.5 min). Subcoracoid type of shoulder dislocation was seen in 72 cases (84%), subglenoid type in 14 cases (16%). Associated factures were seen in 20 cases, proportionally more often in subgleboid dislocations, 12 at the greater tuberosity, 6 at the inferior rim of the glenoid fossa and 2 at both localizations. The Boss-Holzach-Matter method was used in 35 cases with a success rate of 71.5%; die Kocher method and traction/countertraction method with premedication were used in 14 cases and 17 cases with success rates of 64% and 70%, respectively. All other cases and the failed primary attempts required hyponotic medication. All patients older than 70 (n=16) were not able to perform the self reducing procedure. Conclusion: The presented Boss-Holzach-Matter method for reduction of anterior shoulder dislocation is a simple method without the need of anaesthesia, but cooperation from patients is crucial. The successful rate is comparable with other established methods. Journal of Acute Disease (2014)207-210
A Novel Behavioral Assay for Measuring Cold Sensation in Mice

Behavioral models of cold responses are important tools for exploring the molecular mechanisms of cold sensation. To complement the currently cold behavioral assays and allow further studies of these mechanisms, we have developed a new technique to measure the cold response threshold, the cold plantar assay. In this assay, animals are acclimated on a glass plate and a cold stimulus is applied to the hindpaw through the glass using a pellet of compressed dry ice. The latency to withdrawal from the cooled glass is used as a measure of the cold response threshold of the rodents, and the dry ice pellet provides a ramping cold stimulus on the glass that allows the correlation of withdrawal latency values to rough estimates of the cold response threshold temperature. The assay is highly sensitive to manipulations including morphine-induced analgesia, Complete Freund's Adjuvant-induced inflammatory allodynia, and Spinal Nerve Ligation-induced neuropathic allodynia.
Investigating the impact of video games on high school students' engagement and learning about genetics

0360-1315/$ see front matter 2009 Elsevier Ltd. A doi:10.1016/j.compedu.2008.12.020 * Corresponding author. Tel.: +1 919 513 1286; fax E-mail address: len_annetta@ncsu.edu (L.A. Annet The popularity of video games has transcended entertainment crossing into the world of education. While the literature base on educational gaming is growing, there is still a lack of systematic study of this emerging technology’s efficacy. This quasi-experimental study evaluated a teacher created video game on genetics in terms of its affective and cognitive impact on student users. While statistical results indicated no differences (p > .05) in student learning as measured by our instrument, there were significant differences (p < .05) found in the participants’ level of engagement while interfacing with the video game. Implications on this emerging line of inquiry are discussed. 2009 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Quality Assessment of the Contributed Land Use Information from OpenStreetMap Versus Authoritative Datasets

Land use (LU) maps are an important source of information in academia and for policy-makers describing the usage of land parcels. A large amount of effort and monetary resources are spent on mapping LU features over time and at local, regional, and global scales. Remote sensing images and signal processing techniques, as well as land surveying are the prime sources to map LU features. However, both data gathering approaches are financially expensive and time consuming. But recently, Web 2.0 technologies and the wide dissemination of GPSenabled devices boosted public participation in collaborative mapping projects (CMPs). In this regard, the OpenStreetMap (OSM) project has been one of the most successful representatives, providing LU features. The main objective of this paper is to comparatively assess the accuracy of the contributed OSM-LU features in four German metropolitan areas versus the pan-European GMESUA dataset as a reference. Kappa index analysis along with per-class user’s and producers’ accuracies are used for accuracy assessment. The empirical findings suggest OSM as an alternative complementary source for extracting LU information whereas exceeding 50 % of the selected cities are mapped by mappers. Moreover, the results identify which land types preserve high/moderate/low accuracy across cities for urban LU mapping. The findings strength the potential of collaboratively collected LU J. Jokar Arsanjani (&) A. Zipf A. Schauss GIScience Research Group, Institute of Geography, Heidelberg University, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany e-mail: jokar.arsanjani@geog.uni-heidelberg.de A. Zipf e-mail: zipf@uni-heidelberg.de A. Schauss e-mail: anneschauss@gmail.com P. Mooney Department of Computer Science, Maynooth University, Maynooth, Co. Kildare, Ireland e-mail: peter.mooney@nuim.ie © Springer International Publishing Switzerland 2015 J. Jokar Arsanjani et al. (eds.), OpenStreetMap in GIScience, Lecture Notes in Geoinformation and Cartography, DOI 10.1007/978-3-319-14280-7_3 37 features for providing temporal LU maps as well as updating/enriching existing inventories. Furthermore, such a collaborative approach can be used for collecting a global coverage of LU information specifically in countries in which temporal and monetary efforts could be minimized.
Evaluation of User Interface Design and Input Methods for Applications on Mobile Touch Screen Devices

With the advent of touch screen phones, good UI design and simplified input methods for applications running on such devices are important factors that contribute to its popularity and success. The goal of this research is to evaluate different user interface designs and input methods for mobile phones with touch screen capability. In order to do this, two prototypes of a simple social networking application were implemented using a G1 phone that runs the Android platform. A user study has been conducted to compare different input techniques and UI designs and evaluate their usability.
Characterizing the Community Structure of Complex Networks

BACKGROUND
Community structure is one of the key properties of complex networks and plays a crucial role in their topology and function. While an impressive amount of work has been done on the issue of community detection, very little attention has been so far devoted to the investigation of communities in real networks.


METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS
We present a systematic empirical analysis of the statistical properties of communities in large information, communication, technological, biological, and social networks. We find that the mesoscopic organization of networks of the same category is remarkably similar. This is reflected in several characteristics of community structure, which can be used as "fingerprints" of specific network categories. While community size distributions are always broad, certain categories of networks consist mainly of tree-like communities, while others have denser modules. Average path lengths within communities initially grow logarithmically with community size, but the growth saturates or slows down for communities larger than a characteristic size. This behaviour is related to the presence of hubs within communities, whose roles differ across categories. Also the community embeddedness of nodes, measured in terms of the fraction of links within their communities, has a characteristic distribution for each category.


CONCLUSIONS/SIGNIFICANCE
Our findings, verified by the use of two fundamentally different community detection methods, allow for a classification of real networks and pave the way to a realistic modelling of networks' evolution.
Dexamethasone for morbidity after subdural electrode insertion--a randomized controlled trial.

BACKGROUND
Invasive monitoring with subdural electrodes (SDE) for investigation of medically intractable epilepsy may be associated with undesirable immediate postoperative morbidity such as headache, nausea, vomiting, fever, and meningism. We undertook to evaluate the potential beneficial role of perioperative dexamethasone in reducing these symptoms.


METHODS
In a double-blind placebo controlled clinical trial 30 patients undergoing SDE insertion were randomized to receive either placebo or a course of dexamethasone beginning one hour prior to surgery and tapering to discontinue over 72 hours postoperatively. Pain, pain relief, nausea, nausea relief, temperature, and meningism were assessed regularly in the postoperative period, and analgesic, antipyretic, and antiemetic drug requirements were tabulated.


RESULTS
One patient was withdrawn from the dexamethasone group due to lack of data. With regards to postoperative pain, the direction of benefit favoured dexamethasone but a significant treatment by time interaction prevented further analysis of treatment effect. The dexamethasone group did have significantly lower temperatures and higher nausea relief scores. There was no statistically significant difference between the groups with regards to pain relief, nausea, and meningism scores. The beneficial effects of dexamethasone were delayed in onset, of limited duration, and not uniform over the observation period.


CONCLUSION
Dexamethasone appears to have a role in reducing immediate morbidity following SDE insertion but its effect is not uniform in the postoperative period; it appears to be delayed in onset, and of limited duration. Further study is necessary to determine the ideal dosing schedule.