LLukas22/scidocs huggingface dataset:
A route-neighborhood-based metaheuristic for vehicle routing problem with time windows

In this paper, a two-stage metaheuristic based on a new neighborhood structure is proposed to solve the vehicle routing problem with time windows (VRPTW). Our neighborhood construction focuses on the relationship between route(s) and node(s). Unlike the conventional methods for parallel route construction, we construct routes in a nested parallel manner to obtain higher solution quality. Valuable information extracted from the previous parallel construction runs is used to enhance the performance of parallel construction. In addition, when there are only a few unrouted customers left, we design a special procedure for handling them. Computational results for 60 benchmark problems are reported. The results indicate that our approach is highly competitive with all existing heuristics, and in particular very promising for solving problems of large size. Ó 1999 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.
Technique for controlling the cement for an implant crown.

The Journal of Prosthetic Dentistry Londono and Marafie Wadhwani and Piñeyro Cementation of an implant prosthesis is an accepted protocol. Less demanding surgical placement of the implant, simpler laboratory techniques, passive fit, esthetics, and control of the occlusion are among some of the advantages.1 However, disadvantages include unpredictable retention and resistance and the detrimental effect of cement flow into the soft tissues that can be difficult to remove. The soft tissue attachment onto the implant surface is more delicate than that seen at the natural tooth surface due to the lack of Sharpey fiber insertion, the reduced number of collagen fibers, and the direction in which these fibers run.2 Cement extrusion into the sulcular area may result in soft tissue swelling, soreness, and bleeding or exudation on probing.3 In some instances, the excess cement has been considered to be the cause of implant failure.4 Removal of excess cement with plastic and metal scalers may result in scratches and gouges on the implant surfaces.5 Control of cement volume has been documented previously using the ITI solid abutment (Straumann USA, Andover, Mass).6 This requires an implant analog or practice abutment, as described by the authors.6 When a custom abutment is to be used under the crown, this becomes more challenging. The dental laboratory may be instructed to make a duplicate analog using an acrylic resin, but this is time consuming for the technician and involves additional laboratory costs. Technique for controlling the cement for an implant crown
An Introduction to Text Mining

The problem of text mining has gained increasing attention in recent years because of the large amounts of text data, which are created in a variety of social network, web, and other information-centric applications. Unstructured data is the easiest form of data which can be created in any application scenario. As a result, there has been a tremendous need to design methods and algorithms which can effectively process a wide variety of text applications. This book will provide an overview of the different methods and algorithms which are common in the text domain, with a particular focus on mining methods.
Effect of a universal anxiety prevention programme (FRIENDS) on children's academic performance: results from a randomised controlled trial

BACKGROUND
Evaluations of school-based anxiety prevention programmes have reported improvements in psychological functioning although little is known about their effect upon educational outcomes.


METHODS
One thousand three hundred and sixty-two children from 40 primary schools in England took part in the randomised controlled trial, Preventing Anxiety in Children through Education in Schools. The trial investigated the effectiveness of a universal school-based cognitive behaviour therapy prevention programme, FRIENDS, delivered by health care staff or school staff compared with usual personal, social, health and education (PSHE) lessons. Self-report psychological outcomes and educational attainment on national standardised attainment tests in reading, writing and maths were collected 12 months postintervention. Analysis was performed at individual level using multivariable mixed effect models controlling for gender, type of intervention and school effect. Registered trial: ISRCTN: 23563048.


RESULTS
At 12 months, anxiety reduced in the health-led FRIENDS group compared to school-led FRIENDS and PSHE. There were no between-group differences in academic performance regardless of gender, deprivation, ethnicity and additional educational needs.


CONCLUSIONS
School-based mental health interventions should assess psychological and educational outcomes. Further research should directly compare the effects of interventions led by health and school staff.
Changes in causative organisms and their antimicrobial susceptibilities in CAPD peritonitis: a single center's experience over one decade.

BACKGROUND
In recent years, the rate of peritonitis during continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD) has been significantly reduced. However, peritonitis remains a major complication of CAPD, accounting for considerable mortality and hospitalization among CAPD patients.


OBJECTIVE
To generate a "center tailored" treatment protocol for CAPD peritonitis by examining the changes of causative organisms and their susceptibilities to antimicrobial agents over the past 10 years.


METHOD
Retrospective review of the medical records of 1015 CAPD patients (1108 episodes of peritonitis) who were followed up from 1992 through 2001.


RESULTS
The overall incidence of peritonitis was 0.40 episodes/patient-year. The annual rate of peritonitis and the incidence of peritonitis caused by a single gram-positive organism were significantly higher in 1992 and 1993 compared with those in the rest of the years (p < 0.05). The incidence of peritonitis due to coagulase-negative staphylococcus (CoNS) decreased significantly over time, whereas there was no significant change in the incidence of Staphylococcus aureus (SA)-induced peritonitis. Among CoNS, resistance to methicillin increased from 18.4% in 1992-1993 to 41.7% in 2000-2001 (p < 0.05). In contrast, the incidence of methicillin-resistant SA was not different according to the calendar year. Catheter removal rates were significantly higher in peritonitis due to a single gram-negative organism (16.6%) compared with gram-positive peritonitis (4.8%, p < 0.005). The mortality associated with peritonitis was also higher in gram-negative (3.7%) compared with gram-positive peritonitis (1.4%), but there was no statistical significance. Among single gram-positive organism-induced peritonitis, catheter removal rates were significantly higher in SA (9.3%) than those in CoNS (2.9%, p < 0.01) and other gram-positive organisms (2.9%, p < 0.05). In peritonitis caused by CoNS, the methicillin-resistant group showed significantly higher removal rates than the methicillin-susceptible group (8.2% vs 1.0%, p < 0.01).


CONCLUSION
The incidence of peritonitis for 2001 decreased to less than half that for 1992, due mainly to a significant decrease in CoNS-induced peritonitis, whereas the proportions of peritonitis due to a single gram-negative organism and methicillin-resistant CoNS increased. These findings suggest that it is necessary to prepare new center-based guidelines for the initial empirical treatment of CAPD peritonitis.
Evolutionary origins of photosynthetic organisms


New phylogenetic analyses have suggested that a single primary endosymbiosis occurred at the origin of green plants, red algae and glaucophytes.
Transforming Functional Logic Programs into Monadic Functional Programs

We present a high-level transformation scheme to translate lazy functional logic programs into pure Haskell programs. This transformation is based on a recent proposal to efficiently implement lazy non-deterministic computations in Haskell in a monadic style. We build on this work and define a systematic method to transform lazy functional logic programs into monadic programs with explicit sharing. This results in a transformation scheme which produces high-level and flexible target code. For instance, the target code is parametric w.r.t. the concrete evaluation monad. Thus, different monad instances could, for example, define different search strategies (e.g., depth-first, breadth-first, parallel). We formally describe the basic compilation scheme and some useful extensions.
Probiotics and immune health.

PURPOSE OF REVIEW
The beneficial effects of probiotics have been demonstrated in many diseases. One of the major mechanisms of probiotic action is through the regulation of host immune response. This review highlights the recent scientific research findings that advance our understanding of probiotic regulation of the host immune response with potential application for disease prevention and treatment.


RECENT FINDINGS
Probiotic genomic and proteomic studies have identified several genes and specific compounds derived from probiotics, which mediate immunoregulatory effects. Studies regarding the biological consequences of probiotics in host immunity suggested that they regulate the functions of systemic and mucosal immune cells and intestinal epithelial cells. Thus, probiotics showed therapeutic potential for diseases, including several immune response-related diseases, such as allergy, eczema, viral infection, and potentiating vaccination responses.


SUMMARY
Probiotics may provide novel approaches for both disease prevention and treatment. However, the results of clinical studies regarding probiotic application are preliminary and require further confirmation.
Monitoring of Workload Arrival Functions for Mixed-Criticality Systems

Integrating applications with different safety requirements on a common platform requires either certification of all applications to the highest safety level or "sufficient independence" among them. As the former typically is too costly, isolation mechanisms, such as monitoring, are key in the design of mixed-criticality systems. We regard monitoring of activation patterns of real-time applications in mixed-criticality systems. Existing solutions monitor single tasks in isolation. We present a monitoring scheme which allows to monitor groups of tasks jointly. It allows to express correlations between activations and provides improved resource utilization as no isolation between tasks in a group is enforced.
Statistical Approach for Offline Handwritten Signature Verification

Signatures were considered an important tool for authenticating the identity of human beings. So, signature verification was one of the biggest uses for that. We proposed an algorithmic approach for the verification of handwritten signatures by applying some statistical methods. The research work was based on the collection of set of signatures from which an average signature was obtained based on our algorithm and then taking decision of acceptance after analyzing the correlation in between the sample signature and the average signature.
ISO/IEEE 11073 PHD standardization of legacy healthcare devices for home healthcare services

As transformed to aging society, many personal devices for healthcare have recently been developed. According to the increase of individual development of health devices, the ISO/IEEE 11073 PHD standard is established for gathering health measurement data. But many existing healthcare devices are not standardized. In this paper, we propose implementation model of standardization for legacy healthcare devices which do not follow 11073 PHD standard. We develop universal PHD Adapter (UPA) and UPA interface board for ISO/IEEE 11073 PHD standardization of legacy (non-PHD) device for home healthcare service. Using the system, legacy devices communicate with 11073 PHD manager by 11073 PHD standard protocols.
Six-month trial of Yoga Nidra in menstrual disorder patients: Effects on somatoform symptoms

BACKGROUND
Yoga Nidra is a successful therapy for both recent and long-standing psychological disturbances of all kinds especially depression and high anxiety level and neurotic patterns.


OBJECTIVE
The purpose of the present work, therefore, was to conduct a preliminary randomized study of Yoga Nidra as a treatment in the patients of menstrual disorders with somatoform symptoms.


MATERIALS AND METHODS
Patients were recruited from Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, CSM Medical University (erstwhile KGMU) Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India. One hundred and fifty female patients with menstrual disorders were randomly divided in to two groups 1- Intervention group: 75 subjects (Yoga Nidra intervention and medication) 2- control group: 75 subjects (without Yoga Nidra intervention only medication). Schedule for clinical assessment in neuropsychiatry tool was used.


RESULTS
There was significant improvement in pain symptoms (P<0.006), gastrointestinal symptoms (P<0.04), cardiovascular symptoms (P<0.02) and urogenital symptoms (P<0.005) after 6 months of Yoga Nidra therapy in Intervention group in comparison to control group.


CONCLUSION
Yoga Nidra appears to be a promising intervention for psychosomatic problems. It is cost-effective and easy to implement. The results indicate that somatoform symptoms in patients with menstrual disorder can be decreased by learning and applying a program based on Yogic intervention (Yoga Nidra).
A new social communication intervention for children with autism: pilot randomised controlled treatment study suggesting effectiveness.

BACKGROUND
Psychosocial treatments are the mainstay of management of autism in the UK but there is a notable lack of a systematic evidence base for their effectiveness. Randomised controlled trial (RCT) studies in this area have been rare but are essential because of the developmental heterogeneity of the disorder. We aimed to test a new theoretically based social communication intervention targeting parental communication in a randomised design against routine care alone.


METHODS
The intervention was given in addition to existing care and involved regular monthly therapist contact for 6 months with a further 6 months of 2-monthly consolidation sessions. It aimed to educate parents and train them in adapted communication tailored to their child's individual competencies. Twenty-eight children with autism were randomised between this treatment and routine care alone, stratified for age and baseline severity. Outcome was measured at 12 months from commencement of intervention, using standardised instruments.


RESULTS
All cases studied met full Autism Diagnostic Interview (ADI) criteria for classical autism. Treatment and controls had similar routine care during the study period and there were no study dropouts after treatment had started. The active treatment group showed significant improvement compared with controls on the primary outcome measure--Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule (ADOS) total score, particularly in reciprocal social interaction--and on secondary measures of expressive language, communicative initiation and parent-child interaction. Suggestive but non-significant results were found in Vineland Adaptive Behaviour Scales (Communication Sub-domain) and ADOS stereotyped and restricted behaviour domain.


CONCLUSIONS
A Randomised Treatment Trial design of this kind in classical autism is feasible and acceptable to patients. This pilot study suggests significant additional treatment benefits following a targeted (but relatively non-intensive) dyadic social communication treatment, when compared with routine care. The study needs replication on larger and independent samples. It should encourage further RCT designs in this area.
The relationship of sex and sexual orientation to self-esteem, body shape satisfaction, and eating disorder symptomatology

There is increasing interest in understanding what role, if any, sex and sexual orientation play in body dissatisfaction, its correlates to distress, and its relationship to disordered eating. The goals of the present study were to examine: (a) differences in sex and sexual orientation in internalization of societal pressure to modify physical appearance, components of body image dissatisfaction, self-esteem, and eating disorder symptomatology and (b) whether the internalization-eating disorder symptomatology was mediated by the different components of body image dissatisfaction and low self-esteem. The present data support several key trends in the literature: men generally reported less body dissatisfaction, internalization of socio-cultural standards of beauty, drive for thinness, and disordered eating, but a greater drive for muscularity than women; results also indicated that different components of body image dissatisfaction and low self-esteem partially mediated the relationship between internalization and eating disorder symptomatology. Gay men reported significantly more body dissatisfaction, internalization, eating disorder symptomatology, drive for thinness, and drive for muscularity than heterosexual men. Compared to heterosexual women, lesbians reported increased drive for muscularity, lower self-esteem, and lower internalization; however, they did not significantly differ on body dissatisfaction, drive for thinness or disordered eating. Correlation coefficients between body shape dissatisfaction and several aspects of mental distress were significantly larger for gay men than heterosexual men; the same coefficients did not differ between lesbian women and heterosexual women. Results of path analyses indicated that the relationship between internalization and disordered eating differs for gay and heterosexual men but not for lesbian and heterosexual women. These results call attention to lesbians as a generally understudied population.
Grey matter volume and cortical structure in Prader-Willi syndrome compared to typically developing young adults

Prader-Willi syndrome (PWS) is a neurodevelopmental disorder of genomic imprinting, presenting with a characteristic overeating disorder, mild to moderate intellectual disability, and a variable range of social and behavioral difficulties. Consequently, widespread alterations in neural structure and developmental and maturational trajectory would be expected. To date, there have been few quantitative and systematic studies of brain morphology in PWS, although alterations of volume and of cortical organisation have been reported. This study aimed to investigate, in detail, the structure of grey matter and cortex in the brain in a sample of young adults with PWS in a well-matched case-controlled analysis. 20 young adults with PWS, aged 19-27 years, underwent multiparameter mapping magnetic resonance imaging sequences, from which measures of grey matter volume, cortical thickness and magnetisation transfer saturation, as a proxy measure of myelination, were examined. These variables were investigated in comparison to a control group of 40 typically developing young adults, matched for age and sex. A voxel-based morphometry analysis identified large and widespread bilateral clusters of both increased and decreased grey matter volume in the brain in PWS. In particular, widespread areas of increased volume encompassed parts of the prefrontal cortex, especially medially, the majority of the cingulate cortices, from anterior to posterior aspects, insula cortices, and areas of the parietal and temporal cortices. Increased volume was also reported in the caudate, putamen and thalamus. The most ventromedial prefrontal areas, in contrast, showed reduced volume, as did the parts of the medial temporal lobe, bilateral temporal poles, and a small cluster in the right lateral prefrontal cortex. Analysis of cortical structure revealed that areas of increased volume in the PWS group were largely driven by greater cortical thickness. Conversely, analysis of myelin content using magnetisation transfer saturation indicated that myelination of the cortex was broadly similar in the PWS and control groups, with the exception of highly localised areas, including the insula. The bilateral nature of these abnormalities suggests a systemic biological cause, with possible developmental and maturational mechanisms discussed, and may offer insight into the contribution of imprinted genes to neural development.
- 9359 ( Volume-3 , Issue-8 ) PCB Defect Detection and Classification Using Image Processing

Printed circuit boards are by far the most common method of assembling modern electronic circuits. During the manufacturing of PCB many defects are introduced which are harmful to precision circuit performance. A variety of ways has been established to detect the defects found on PCB, but it is also necessary to classify these defects so that the source of these defects can be identified. This study proposes an algorithm to group all 14 defects found on PCB into 5 Groups .the proposed algorithm involves MATLAB image processing operations ,such as image subtraction, image addition, logical XOR, Flood fill, Opening ,erosion. Keywords— PCB, Defects, Image processing, MATLAB, Opening
Long-term outcome after additional catheter-directed thrombolysis versus standard treatment for acute iliofemoral deep vein thrombosis (the CaVenT study): a randomised controlled trial

BACKGROUND
Conventional anticoagulant treatment for acute deep vein thrombosis (DVT) effectively prevents thrombus extension and recurrence, but does not dissolve the clot, and many patients develop post-thrombotic syndrome (PTS). We aimed to examine whether additional treatment with catheter-directed thrombolysis (CDT) using alteplase reduced development of PTS.


METHODS
Participants in this open-label, randomised controlled trial were recruited from 20 hospitals in the Norwegian southeastern health region. Patients aged 18-75 years with a first-time iliofemoral DVT were included within 21 days from symptom onset. Patients were randomly assigned (1:1) by picking lowest number of sealed envelopes to conventional treatment alone or additional CDT. Randomisation was stratified for involvement of the pelvic veins with blocks of six. We assessed two co-primary outcomes: frequency of PTS as assessed by Villalta score at 24 months, and iliofemoral patency after 6 months. Analyses were by intention to treat. This trial is registered at ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT00251771.


FINDINGS
209 patients were randomly assigned to treatment groups (108 control, 101 CDT). At completion of 24 months' follow-up, data for clinical status were available for 189 patients (90%; 99 control, 90 CDT). At 24 months, 37 (41·1%, 95% CI 31·5-51·4) patients allocated additional CDT presented with PTS compared with 55 (55·6%, 95% CI 45·7-65·0) in the control group (p=0·047). The difference in PTS corresponds to an absolute risk reduction of 14·4% (95% CI 0·2-27·9), and the number needed to treat was 7 (95% CI 4-502). Iliofemoral patency after 6 months was reported in 58 patients (65·9%, 95% CI 55·5-75·0) on CDT versus 45 (47·4%, 37·6-57·3) on control (p=0·012). 20 bleeding complications related to CDT included three major and five clinically relevant bleeds.


INTERPRETATION
Additional CDT should be considered in patients with a high proximal DVT and low risk of bleeding.


FUNDING
South-Eastern Norway Regional Health Authority; Research Council of Norway; University of Oslo; Oslo University Hospital.