LLukas22/scidocs huggingface dataset:
Power and interdependence in buyer supplier relationships : A purchasing portfolio approach

Summary Kraljic's purchasing portfolio approach has inspired many academic writers to undertake further research into purchasing portfolio models. Although it is evident that power and dependence issues play an important role in the Kraljic matrix, scant quantitative research has been undertaken in this respect. In our study we have filled this gap by proposing quantitative measures for ‘relative power’ and ‘total interdependence’. By undertaking a comprehensive survey among Dutch purchasing professionals, we have empirically quantified ‘relative power’ and ‘total interdependence’ for each quadrant of the Kraljic portfolio matrix. We have compared theoretical expectations on power and dependence levels with our empirical findings. A remarkable finding is the observed supplier dominance in the strategic quadrant of the Kraljic matrix. This indicates that the supplier dominates even satisfactory partnerships. In the light of this finding future research cannot assume any longer that buyersupplier relationships in the strategic quadrant of the Kraljic matrix are necessarily characterised by symmetric power. 1 Marjolein C.J. Caniëls, Open University of the Netherlands (OUNL), Faculty of Management Sciences (MW), P.O. Box 2960, 6401 DL Heerlen, the Netherlands. Tel: +31 45 5762724; Fax: +31 45 5762103 E-mail: marjolein.caniels@ou.nl 2 Cees J. Gelderman, Open University of the Netherlands (OUNL), Faculty of Management Sciences (MW) P.O. Box 2960, 6401 DL Heerlen, the Netherlands. Tel: +31 45 5762590; Fax: +31 45 5762103 E-mail: kees.gelderman@ou.nl
Evidence-based practice beliefs and behaviors of nurses providing cancer pain management: a mixed-methods approach.

PURPOSE/OBJECTIVES
To describe evidence-based practice (EBP) beliefs and behaviors of nurses who provide cancer pain management.


DESIGN
Descriptive, cross-sectional with a mixed-methods approach.


SETTING
Two inpatient oncology units in the Pacific Northwest.


SAMPLE
40 RNs. 


METHODS
Data collected by interviews and web-based surveys.


MAIN RESEARCH VARIABLES
EBP beliefs, EBP implementation, evidence-based pain management.


FINDINGS
Nurses agreed with the positive aspects of EBP and their implementation ability, although implementation level was low. They were satisfied with their pain management practices. Oncology nursing certification was associated with innovativeness, and innovativeness was associated with EBP beliefs. Themes identified were (a) limited definition of EBP, (b) varied evidence-based pain management decision making, (c) limited identification of evidence-based pain management practices, and (d) integration of nonpharmacologic interventions into patient care.


CONCLUSIONS
Nurses' low level of EBP implementation in the context of pain management was explained by their trust that standards of care and medical orders were evidence-based.


IMPLICATIONS FOR NURSING
Nurses' EBP beliefs and behaviors should be considered when developing strategies for sustaining evidence-based pain management practices. Implementation of the EBP process by nurses may not be realistic in the inpatient setting; therefore, hospital pain management policies need to be evidence-based and reinforced with nurses.
A phase 1b study of humanized KS-interleukin-2 (huKS-IL2) immunocytokine with cyclophosphamide in patients with EpCAM-positive advanced solid tumors

Humanized KS-interleukin-2 (huKS-IL2), an immunocytokine with specificity for epithelial cell adhesion molecule (EpCAM), has demonstrated favorable tolerability and immunologic activity as a single agent. Phase 1b study in patients with EpCAM-positive advanced solid tumors to determine the maximum tolerated dose (MTD) and safety profile of huKS-IL2 in combination with low-dose cyclophosphamide. Treatment consisted of cyclophosphamide (300 mg/m2 on day 1), and escalating doses of huKS-IL2 (0.5–4.0 mg/m2 IV continuous infusion over 4 hours) on days 2, 3, and 4 of each 21-day cycle. Safety, pharmacokinetic profile, immunogenicity, anti-tumor and biologic activity were evaluated. Twenty-seven patients were treated for up to 6 cycles; 26 were evaluable for response. The MTD of huKS-IL2 in combination with 300 mg/m2 cyclophosphamide was 3.0 mg/m2. At higher doses, myelosuppression was dose-limiting. Transient lymphopenia was the most common grade 3/4 adverse event (AE). Other significant AEs included hypotension, hypophosphatemia, and increase in serum creatinine. All patients recovered from these AEs. The huKS-IL2 exposure was dose-dependent, but not dose-proportional, accumulation was negligible, and elimination half-life and systemic clearance were independent of dose and time. Most patients had a transient immune response to huKS-IL2. Immunologic activity was observed at all doses. Ten patients (38%) had stable disease as best response, lasting for ≥ 4 cycles in 3 patients. The combination of huKS-IL2 with low-dose cyclophosphamide was well tolerated. Although no objective responses were observed, the combination showed evidence of immunologic activity and 3 patients showed stable disease for ≥ 4 cycles. http://NCT00132522
Collaborative learning using VoiceThread in an online graduate course

Collaborative learning enables participants in a learning community to externalize and share knowledge, experiences, and practice. However, collaborative learning in an online environment can be challenging due to the lack of face-to face interaction. This current study examined twenty graduate students’ experiences of using VoiceThread for a collaborative activity in an entirely online course to explore students’ perceptions of using multi-modal communication for collaboration and knowledge sharing. The results of this study revealed that graduate students had very positive experiences toward using VoiceThread for collaborative learning. The participants found VoiceThread easy to learn and use, and reported that audio and video interaction on VoiceThread helped connect them with their peers. More than half of the participants interacted with peers using audio, followed by text and then by video. Half of the students felt they were more connected to peers; however, feeling more connected did not result in more participation as most of the students only participated at the level that met the course requirement. Participants identified benefits and drawbacks of using VoiceThread for collaboration as compared to using text-based discussion forums. The most frequently mentioned benefit of using VoiceThread for collaboration exemplifies its multi-modal affordance that enables learners to communicate emotion, personality, and other non-verbal cues conducive to better understanding and interpretation of meanings. About half of the participants indicated that they preferred VoiceThread to text-based discussion forums for collaborative learning activity. Challenges and implications for future research are also discussed.
The added value of semimicroelectrode recording in deep brain stimulation of the subthalamic nucleus for Parkinson disease.

OBJECT
Accurate placement of the leads is crucial in deep brain stimulation (DBS). To optimize the surgical positioning of the lead, a combination of anatomical targeting on MRI, electrophysiological mapping, and clinical testing is applied during the procedure. Electrophysiological mapping is usually done with microelectrode recording (MER), but the relatively undocumented semimicroelectrode recording (SMER) is a competing alternative. In this study the added value and safety of SMER for optimal lead insertion in the subthalamic nucleus (STN) in a consecutive cohort of patients with Parkinson disease (PD) was assessed.


METHODS
Between 2001 and 2010, a consecutive single-center cohort of 46 patients with PD underwent DBS of the STN (85 lead insertions). After exclusion of 11 lead insertions for mostly technical reasons, 74 insertions were included for the assessment. Anatomical target localization was based on either 1.5-T MRI or fused 3-T MRI with CT, with reference to anterior commissure-posterior commissure coordinates. Electrophysiological mapping was performed with SMER. Intraoperative clinical testing was dominant in determining the final lead position. The target error was defined as the absolute distance between the anatomical or electrophysiological target and the final lead position. The effect of SMER on anatomical target error reduction and final target selection was analyzed. Also, the anatomical and electrophysiological target error was judged against the different imaging strategies. For safety evaluation, the adverse events related to all lead insertions were assessed.


RESULTS
The use of SMER significantly reduced the anatomical target error from 1.7 (SD 1.6) mm to 0.8 (SD 1.3) mm (p < 0.0001). In particular, the anatomical target error based on 1.5-T MRI was significantly reduced by SMER, from 2.3 (SD 1.5) mm to 0.1 (SD 0.5) mm (p < 0.001). Anatomical target error reduction based on 3-T MRI fused with CT was not significantly influenced by SMER (p = 0.2), because the 3-T MRI-CT combination already significantly reduced the anatomical target error from 2.3 (SD 1.5) mm to 1.5 (SD 1.5) mm compared with 1.5-T MRI (p = 0.03). No symptomatic intracerebral hemorrhage was reported. Intracerebral infection was encountered in 1 patient following lead insertion.


CONCLUSIONS
Semimicroelectrode recording has added value in targeting the STN in DBS for patients with PD based on 1.5-T MRI. The use of SMER does not significantly reduce the anatomical target error in procedures with fused 3-T MRI-CT studies and therefore might be omitted. With the absence of hemorrhagic complications, SMER-guided lead implantation should be considered a safe alternative to MER.
Using Active Constraints to Parse GPSGs

Active constraints of tile CO,lslratnl higic program-in,rig paradigm allow (l) the reduction of the search space of progr~tms and (2) a very concise representation of the problcnls. These two l)rop erties are particuhtrly interesting for I)arsing prob-[elns : they can hel I) us to reduce non-determinisln and to use large coverage gramlnars. In this paper, we describe how to use Slleh constraints tot parsing ID/LP grammars and propose an inlplenlelmtl, iou in Prolog Ill. 1 Introduction Logic programming is one of the nlost useful tools in computational linguistics. These two domains are progressing very rapidly. The former with the emergence of the constraint paradignl and the latter with the systematic use of well-formalized linguistic theories. In the l~st few years, natural lal> guage processing (hereafter NLP) and more pre cisely syntax have created tools allowing expression of general knowledge. Constraints simplify parsing problems to a con siderable extent, both in a formal and computational way. From a formal point of view, we will see that they allow a very good adequacy between linguistic aim computational theories. We know that this prol)erty is essential to solve generality, reusability and coverage prolflems. On the otimr hal,d, from a computatiolml point of view, con straints set up a control of the I)rocesses which reduces non-determmisnl m parsing. The question is to know whether it, is possible to illlph!tlleIlt a I)arsiag Illethod I)ased oil actllal eoil-straints. The answer depends on the choice of the grmmnatical formalism. We think thai the II)/LP formalism used lit (IPS(-I theory can bring a sohl tion to this I)roblem. In this paper, we will describe a parsing method based on [D/LP formalism using boolean constraints. We will show that this nlethod agrees with th(goals of generality and corm'el. 2 Parsing and deduction IIoth for historical itllll [orlilal reasolls, parsing turn ck)se relalions with logic The birth of Prolog, for example, w~s conditioimd by Ihat aud NLP was one of the early applications of this language. One of the re~molls, a.s shown in [PereiraS,g], is tiiat we ('.all compare |)arsdlg and dednet, ion, More precisely , it phrase-structure rule (hereafter PS-rule) can be interpreted its a Rmnula (an ilnplication), like a classical inDrenee rule. '['hus, a PS-rule of the form : Because of the ui,iquei~ess of the positive literal, we can interpret a PS-.rule as a Ilorn clause, with a direct translation into I'rolog. Thus, a context-free gr~unlnar, represenled by …
Are lianas more drought-tolerant than trees? A test for the role of hydraulic architecture and other stem and leaf traits

Lianas are an important component of Neotropical forests, where evidence suggests that they are increasing in abundance and biomass. Lianas are especially abundant in seasonally dry tropical forests, and as such it has been hypothesized that they are better adapted to drought, or that they are at an advantage under the higher light conditions in these forests. However, the physiological and morphological characteristics that allow lianas to capitalize more on seasonal forest conditions compared to trees are poorly understood. Here, we evaluate how saplings of 21 tree and liana species from a seasonal tropical forest in Panama differ in cavitation resistance (P 50) and maximum hydraulic conductivity (K h), and how saplings of 24 tree and liana species differ in four photosynthetic leaf traits (e.g., maximum assimilation and stomatal conductance) and six morphological leaf and stem traits (e.g., wood density, maximum vessel length, and specific leaf area). At the sapling stage, lianas had a lower cavitation resistance than trees, implying lower drought tolerance, and they tended to have a higher potential hydraulic conductivity. In contrast to studies focusing on adult trees and lianas, we found no clear differences in morphological and photosynthetic traits between the life forms. Possibly, lianas and trees are functionally different at later ontogenetic stages, with lianas having deeper root systems than trees, or experience their main growth advantage during wet periods, when they are less vulnerable to cavitation and can achieve high conductivity. This study shows, however, that the hydraulic characteristics and functional traits that we examined do not explain differences in liana and tree distributions in seasonal forests.
Comptabilisation à la juste valeur et crise financière : rôle indicatif ou contributif?

Did fair value accounting play a role in the current financial crisis? This appendix explores the issue. Fair value accounting implies that assets and liabilities get measured and reflected on a firm`s financial statements at their market value, or close substitutes. Extensive academic research done over the past 20 years shows that financial statements that reflect the market values of assets or liabilities provide information that is relevant to investors. In other context, fair value accounting is just a messenger carrying bad news. In contrast, there is also another research stream which is quite critical of the perceived merits of fair value accounting, and which worries about how it undermines what constitutes the core of financial reporting. More specifically, it is argued that fair value accounting is difficult to verify, may be based on unreliable assumptions or hypotheses and provides management with too much discretion into the preparation of financial statements. Hence, according to this view, fair value accounting is not necessarily a neutral or unbiased messenger. Moreover, fair value accounting creates a circular dynamic in financial reporting, with markets providing the input for the measurement of many assets, thus affecting reported earnings which are then used by analysts and investors to assess a firm’s market value. If markets become volatile, as has been the case in recent months, reported earnings also become more volatile, thus feeding investors apprehensions. Therefore, since fair value accounting is associated with more volatile and less conservative financial statements and, it may have allowed managers to delay the day of recognition as well as distorted investors and regulators’ perceptions of financial performance and stability at the end of the financial bubble. However, once the economic pendulum swung back, fair value accounting may have magnified their views as to the severity of the current financial crisis, hence accelerating some negative trends.
Post-resistance exercise hypotension, hemodynamics, and heart rate variability: influence of exercise intensity

The occurrence of post-exercise hypotension after resistance exercise is controversial, and its mechanisms are unknown. To evaluate the effect of different resistance exercise intensities on post-exercise blood pressure (BP), and hemodynamic and autonomic mechanisms, 17 normotensives underwent three experimental sessions: control (C—40 min of rest), low- (E40%—40% of 1 repetition maximum, RM), and high-intensity (E80%—80% of 1 RM) resistance exercises. Before and after interventions, BP, heart rate (HR), and cardiac output (CO) were measured. Autonomic regulation was evaluated by normalized low- (LFR–Rnu) and high-frequency (HFR–Rnu) components of the R–R variability. In comparison with pre-exercise, systolic BP decreased similarly in the E40% and E80% (−6 ± 1 and −8 ± 1 mmHg, P < 0.05). Diastolic BP decreased in the E40%, increased in the C, and did not change in the E80%. CO decreased similarly in all the sessions (−0.4 ± 0.2 l/min, P < 0.05), while systemic vascular resistance (SVR) increased in the C, did not change in the E40%, and increased in the E80%. Stroke volume decreased, while HR increased after both exercises, and these changes were greater in the E80% (−11 ± 2 vs. −17 ± 2 ml/beat, and +17 ± 2 vs. +21 ± 2 bpm, P < 0.05). LFR–Rnu increased, while ln HFR–Rnu decreased in both exercise sessions. In conclusion: Low- and high-intensity resistance exercises cause systolic post-exercise hypotension; however, only low-intensity exercise decreases diastolic BP. BP fall is due to CO decrease that is not compensated by SVR increase. BP fall is accompanied by HR increase due to an increase in sympathetic modulation to the heart.
Heterogeneity of dystrophin expression in patients with Duchenne and Becker muscular dystrophy

This report documents the results of an integrated biochemical and immunocytochemical investigation into the expression of dystrophin (the protein product of the Duchenne muscular dystrophy gene) in muscle biopsies from 226 patients. It is the first study in which dystrophin has been analysed on blots and on tissue sections in such a large number of patients using the same (monoclonal) antibody. The 140 patients with Xp21 muscular dystrophy who were included in this study represent a continuous spectrum of disease severity and this range was reflected in the heterogeneity of dystrophin expression which was observed with respect to abundance, size and the pattern of tissue localisation. Approximately 40% of biopsies obtained from patients diagnosed as having Duchenne muscular, dystrophy (DMD) contained isolated clearly positive fibres and a further 20% had very weak labelling on a large number of fibres. Biopsies from patients with Becker muscular dystrophy (BMD) showed labelling patterns which varied from weak labelling on the majority of fibres to clear labelling on all fibres. Typically, however, there was inter-and intra-fibre variation in labelling intensity. Approximately 85% of the 52 BMD and 54 DMD patients who had unequivocal labelling on blots demonstrated a protein of abnormal size. The remaining 15% had a protein of normal size but reduced abundance. Overall, the estimated abundance of dystrophin correlated well with clinical assessments of the disease severity expressed in patients: We conclude that dystrophin analysis is an essential and dependable technique for the differential diagnosis of patients with Xp21 muscular dystrophy.
A 256Gb NAND Flash Memory Stack with 300MB/s HLNAND Interface Chip for Point-to-Point Ring Topology

NA
Research Guides: Human Geography: Economic Geography

This guide highlights the resources for Human Geography, the study of human settlements in their places.
Soft-Margin Softmax for Deep Classification

In deep classification, the softmax loss (Softmax) is arguably one of the most commonly used components to train deep convolutional neural networks (CNNs). However, such a widely used loss is limited due to its lack of encouraging the discriminability of features. Recently, the large-margin softmax loss (L-Softmax [14]) is proposed to explicitly enhance the feature discrimination, with hard margin and complex forward and backward computation. In this paper, we propose a novel soft-margin softmax (SM-Softmax) loss to improve the discriminative power of features. Specifically, SM-Softamx only modifies the forward of Softmax by introducing a non-negative real number m, without changing the backward. Thus it can not only adjust the desired continuous soft margin but also be easily optimized by the typical stochastic gradient descent (SGD). Experimental results on three benchmark datasets have demonstrated the superiority of our SM-Softmax over the baseline Softmax, the alternative L-Softmax and several state-of-the-art competitors.
Comparison of short- and long-term dynamic group psychotherapy: randomised clinical trial.

BACKGROUND
There are no randomised clinical trials comparing the outcomes of short- with long-term psychodynamic group psychotherapy.


AIMS
To compare differences in outcome during and after short- and long-term group psychotherapy.


METHOD
In total, 167 out-patients with mood, anxiety and personality disorders were randomised to short- or long-term group therapy (20 or 80 weekly, 90 min sessions). Outcome measures were: symptoms (Symptom Checklist 90 - Revised), interpersonal problems (Inventory of Interpersonal Problems - Circumplex) and psychosocial functioning (Global Assessment of Functioning (GAF) split version: GAF-Symptom and GAF-Function). Change over the 3-year study period was assessed using linear mixed models. The study was registered in clinicalTrials.gov as NCT00521417.


RESULTS
Patients in both groups made significant gains. A significantly larger symptomatic change over time was found for long-term compared with short-term therapy, but no significant differences were detected for the three remaining outcome variables. There was a higher number of premature terminations in the long-term (33.3%) compared with the short-term group (8.6%).


CONCLUSIONS
Short- and long-term therapy seem equally effective for typical out-patients seeking group psychotherapy, except for symptomatic distress.
Diacritization : A Challenge to Arabic Treebank Annotation and Parsing

Arabic diacritization (referred to sometimes as vocalization or vowelling), defined as the full or partial representation of short vowels, shadda (consonantal length or germination), tanween (nunation or definiteness), and hamza (the glottal stop and its support letters), is still largely understudied in the current NLP literature. In this paper, the lack of diacritics in standard Arabic texts is presented as a major challenge to most Arabic natural language processing tasks, including parsing. Recent studies (Messaoudi, et al. 2004; Vergyri & Kirchhoff 2004; Zitouni, et al. 2006 and Maamouri, et al. forthcoming) about the place and impact of diacritization in text-based NLP research are presented along with an analysis of the weight of the missing diacritics on Treebank morphological and syntactic analyses and the impact on parser development.