LLukas22/scidocs huggingface dataset:
Improving telemonitoring of heart failure patients with NFC technology

Patients suffering from chronic diseases like congestive heart failure (CHF) can be supported in their selfmanagement process by utilizing telemedicine services based on standard IT and mobile phone infrastructure. Continuous transmission of self measurements of blood pressure, body weight and other health related parameters to a monitoring centre allows the attending physician to monitor those data and to guide the patient to the best possible health status. In such concepts, the most challenging part is still the human computer interface, i.e. to support the user with an adequate system to transmit the self measurements. The objective of this paper is to present a new kind of patient terminal based on mobile phones in combination with the now available near field communication (NFC) technology. This concept provides an intuitive and easy-to-use way to acquire and transmit health related data just by touching medical measurement devices with NFC enabled mobile phones.
Social Media Mining for Toxicovigilance: Automatic Monitoring of Prescription Medication Abuse from Twitter

INTRODUCTION
Prescription medication overdose is the fastest growing drug-related problem in the USA. The growing nature of this problem necessitates the implementation of improved monitoring strategies for investigating the prevalence and patterns of abuse of specific medications.


OBJECTIVES
Our primary aims were to assess the possibility of utilizing social media as a resource for automatic monitoring of prescription medication abuse and to devise an automatic classification technique that can identify potentially abuse-indicating user posts.


METHODS
We collected Twitter user posts (tweets) associated with three commonly abused medications (Adderall(®), oxycodone, and quetiapine). We manually annotated 6400 tweets mentioning these three medications and a control medication (metformin) that is not the subject of abuse due to its mechanism of action. We performed quantitative and qualitative analyses of the annotated data to determine whether posts on Twitter contain signals of prescription medication abuse. Finally, we designed an automatic supervised classification technique to distinguish posts containing signals of medication abuse from those that do not and assessed the utility of Twitter in investigating patterns of abuse over time.


RESULTS
Our analyses show that clear signals of medication abuse can be drawn from Twitter posts and the percentage of tweets containing abuse signals are significantly higher for the three case medications (Adderall(®): 23 %, quetiapine: 5.0 %, oxycodone: 12 %) than the proportion for the control medication (metformin: 0.3 %). Our automatic classification approach achieves 82 % accuracy overall (medication abuse class recall: 0.51, precision: 0.41, F measure: 0.46). To illustrate the utility of automatic classification, we show how the classification data can be used to analyze abuse patterns over time.


CONCLUSION
Our study indicates that social media can be a crucial resource for obtaining abuse-related information for medications, and that automatic approaches involving supervised classification and natural language processing hold promises for essential future monitoring and intervention tasks.
Low RCS Metamaterial Absorber and Extending Bandwidth Based on Electromagnetic Resonances

A low radar cross section (RCS) metamaterial absorber (MMA) with an enhanced bandwidth is presented both numerically and experimentally. The MMA is realized by assembling three simple square loops in a three-layer structure according to the idea of separating electric and magnetic resonances. Different from onelayer MMA, the proposed MMA can effectively couple with the electric and magnetic components of the incident wave in different positions for fixed frequency, while, for different frequencies, it can trap the input power into different dielectric layers and absorb it in the lossy substrate. Experimental results indicate that the MMA exhibits a bandwidth of absorbance above 90% which is 4.25 times as that of one-layer MMA, and 10 dB RCS reduction is achieved over the range of 4.77–5.06 GHz. Moreover, the cell dimensions and total thickness of the MMA are only 0.17λ and 0.015λ, respectively. The low RCS properties of the MMA are insensitive to both polarization and incident angles.
New Mapping Technology for Atrial Tachycardias

Prerequisite for succesful radiofrequency catheter ablation of tachycardias is the exact mapping during the electrophysiological study. The new mapping system CARTO allows a three-dimensional color-coded electroanatomic map of impulse propagation using electromagnetic technology. The aim of this study was to determine the feasibility and safety of the new electromagnetic mapping technology CARTO for atrial tachycardias. Results: Electrophysiologic study and CARTO mapping was performed in 38 atrial tachycardias. The mapping procedure took 26 ± 23 min. We created 33 maps within the right atrium and 5 maps within the left atrium with a mean of 74 ± 38 different catheter positions. The mechanism was determined as reentrant in 9, junctional in 1 and focal in 28 tachycardias. In focal tachycardias the tachycardia cycle length (CL) and the total atrial activation time (AT) were clearly different (352 ± 98 ms vs 99 ± 25 ms). Reentrant tachycardias had a comparable CL and AT (236 ± 44 ms vs 240 ± 56 ms). In 83% of the focal tachycardias and in 67% of the reentrant tachycardias, ablation was performed successfully. No complications occured. Conclusion: The electroanatomic mapping system allows high resolution visualization of electrical activity and may therefore improve precision and simplify the determination of the arrhythmogenic substrate during tachycardias for successful catheter ablation.
Recursive Coarse-to-Fine Localization for Fast Object Detection

Sliding window (SW) technique is one of common paradigms employed for object detection. However, the computational cost of this approach is so expensive because the detection window is scanned at all possible positions and scales. To overcome this problem, we propose a compact feature together with fast recursive coarse-to-fine object localization strategy. To build a compact feature, we project the Histograms of Oriented Gradient (HOG) features to linear subspace by Principal Component Analysis (PCA). We call this feature as PCA-HOG feature. The exploitation of the PCA-HOG feature not only helps the classifiers run faster but also still maintains the accuracy. In order to further speeding up the localization, we propose a recursive coarse-to-fine refinement to scan image. We scan image in both scale space and multi-resolution space from coarsest to finest resolutions. Only the best obtained hypothesis from the coarser resolution could be passed to finer resolution. Each resolution has its own linear Support Vector Machine (SVM) classifier and PCA-HOG features. Evaluation with INRIA dataset shows that our method achieves a significant speedup compared to standard sliding window and original HOG feature, while even get higher detection accuracy.
High speed trot-running: Implementation of a hierarchical controller using proprioceptive impedance control on the MIT Cheetah

This paper presents implementation of a highly dynamic running gait with a hierarchical controller on the
A Survey on Sign Language Recognition

Sign Language (SL) recognition is getting more and more attention of the researchers due to its widespread applicability in many fields. This paper is based on the survey of the current research trends in the field of SL recognition to highlight the current status of different research aspects of the area. Paper also critically analyzed the current research to identify the problem areas and challenges faced by the researchers. This identification is aimed at providing guideline for the future advances in the field.
Helicobacter pylori infection inhibits reflux esophagitis by inducing atrophic gastritis

OBJECTIVE:Although it is widely accepted that Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection is an important cause of atrophic gastritis, few studies have examined the relationship between H. pylori-induced atrophic gastritis and the occurrence of reflux esophagitis. The present study was aimed to examine the relationship between H. pylori infection, atrophic gastritis, and reflux esophagitis in Japan.METHODS:A total of 175 patients with reflux esophagitis were compared with sex- and age-matched 175 control subjects. Diagnosis of H. pylori infection was made by gastric mucosal biopsy, rapid urease test, and serum IgG antibodies. Severity of atrophic gastritis was assessed by histology and serum pepsinogen I/II ratio.RESULTS:H. pylori infection was found in 59 (33.7%) patients with reflux esophagitis, whereas it was found in 126 (72.0%) control subjects. The grade of atrophic gastritis was significantly lower in the former than in the latter. Among the H. pylori-positive patients, atrophic gastritis was milder in the patients with reflux esophagitis than in the patients without it.CONCLUSIONS:These findings suggest that most cases of reflux esophagitis in Japan occur in the absence of H. pylori infection and atrophic gastritis, and it may also tend to occur in patients with milder gastritis even in the presence of H. pylori infection. Therefore, H. pylori infection may be an inhibitory factor of reflux esophagitis through inducing atrophic gastritis and concomitant hypoacidity.
Silicon RFICs for phased arrays

Phased arrays allow electronic scanning of the antenna beam. However, these phased arrays are not widely used due to a high implementation cost. This article discusses the advantages of the RF architecture and the implementation of silicon RFICs for phased-array transmitters/receivers. In addition, this work also demonstrates how silicon RFICs can play a vital role in lowering the cost of phased arrays.
An Empirical and Analytic Study of Stack vs . Heap Cost for Languages with Closures

It has been proposed that allocating procedure activation records on a garbage collected heap is more e cient than stack allocation. However, previous comparisons of heap vs. stack allocation have been over-simplistic, neglecting (for example) frame pointers, or the better locality of reference of stacks. We present a comprehensive analysis of all the components of creation, access, and disposal of heap-allocated and stack-allocated activation records. Among our results are: Although stack frames are known to have a better cache read-miss rate than heap frames, our simple analytical model (backed up by simulation results) shows that the di erence is too trivial to matter. The cache write-miss rate of heap frames is very high; we show that a variety of miss-handling strategies (exempli ed by speci c modern machines) can give good performance, but not all can. The write-miss policy of the primary cache is much more important than the write-miss policy of the secondary cache. Stacks restrict the exibility of closure representations (for higher-order functions) in important (and costly) ways. The extra load placed on the garbage collector by heap-allocated frames is very small. The demands of modern programming languages make stacks quite complicated to implement e ciently and correctly. Overall, the execution cost of stack-allocated and heap-allocated frames is very similar; but heap frames are simpler to implement and allow very e cient rst-class continuations (call/cc). 1 Garbage-collected frames In a programming language implementation that uses garbage collection, all procedure activation records (frames) can be allocated on the heap. This is quite convenient for higher-order languages (Scheme, ML, etc.) whose \closures" can have inde nite extent, and it is even more convenient for languages with rst-class continuations. One might think that it would be expensive to allocate, at every procedure call, heap storage that becomes garbage on return. But not necessarily [2]: modern generational garbage-collection algorithms[31] can reclaim dead frames extremely e ciently, even cheaper than the one-instruction cost to pop the stack. But there are many other costs involved in creating, accessing, and destroying activation records| whether on a heap or a stack. These costs are summarized in Figure 1, and explained and analyzed in the remainder of the paper. These numbers depend on many assumptions. The most critical assumptions are these: The runtime system in question has static scope, higher order functions, and garbage collection. The only question being investigated is whether there is an activation-record stack in addition to the garbage collection of other objects. The compiler and garbage collector are required to be \safe for space complexity;" that is, statically dead pointers (in the data ow sense) do not keep objects live. There are few side e ects in compiled programs, so that generational garbage collection will be e cient. These assumptions, and many others, will be explained in the rest of the paper.
Abstract rendering: out-of-core rendering for information visualization

Rendering: Out-of-core Rendering for Information Visualization Joseph A. Cottama and Andrew Lumsdainea and Peter Wangb aCREST/Indiana University, Bloomington, IN, USA; bContinuum Analytics, Austin, TX, USA
Effectiveness of massage therapy as co-adjuvant treatment to exercise in osteoarthritis of the knee: a randomized control trial.

BACKGROUND
The effectiveness of exercise therapy in the treatment of osteoarthritis of the knee (KOA) is widely evidenced. The current study aims to compare the effectiveness of massage therapy as a co-adjuvant treatment for KOA.


METHODS
A blind, randomized controlled trial design was used. Eighteen women were randomly allocated to two different groups. Group A was treated with massage therapy and an exercise program, and Group B was treated with the exercise program alone. The intervention lasted for 6 weeks. Outcomes were assessed using a verbal analogue scale (VAS), the WOMAC index, and the Get-Up and Go test. Baseline, post-treatment, and 1- and 3- month follow-up data were collected. Values were considered statistically significant at a p < 0.05. The Mann-Whitney U test was applied in order to find out the differences between groups, and to verify the existence of such differences, the Friedman Test for repeated measures complemented with multiple comparisons tests was carried out.


RESULTS
In both groups, significant differences were found in the three variables between the baseline measurement and three months after treatment, with the exception of the WOMAC variable in group B (p=0.064) No significant differences were found between both groups in the WOMAC index (p=0.508) and VAS (p=0.964) variables and the Get-Up and Go test (p=0.691).


CONCLUSION
Combining exercise-based therapy with massage therapy may lead to clinical improvement in patients with KOA. The use of massage therapy combined with exercise as a treatment for gonarthrosis does not seem to have any beneficial effects.
Big Data fraud detection using multiple medicare data sources

Introduction Healthcare in the United States (U.S.) is important in the lives of many citizens, but unfortunately the high costs of health-related services leave many patients with limited medical care. In response, the U.S. government has established and funded programs, such as Medicare [1], that provide financial assistance for qualifying people to receive needed medical services [2]. There are a number of issues facing healthcare and Abstract
Automatic Melodic Reduction Using a Supervised Probabilistic Context-Free Grammar

This research explores a Natural Language Processing technique utilized for the automatic reduction of melodies: the Probabilistic Context-Free Grammar (PCFG). Automatic melodic reduction was previously explored by means of a probabilistic grammar [11] [1]. However, each of these methods used unsupervised learning to estimate the probabilities for the grammar rules, and thus a corpusbased evaluation was not performed. A dataset of analyses using the Generative Theory of Tonal Music (GTTM) exists [13], which contains 300 Western tonal melodies and their corresponding melodic reductions in tree format. In this work, supervised learning is used to train a PCFG for the task of melodic reduction, using the tree analyses provided by the GTTM dataset. The resulting model is evaluated on its ability to create accurate reduction trees, based on a node-by-node comparison with ground-truth trees. Multiple data representations are explored, and example output reductions are shown. Motivations for performing melodic reduction include melodic identification and similarity, efficient storage of melodies, automatic composition, variation matching, and automatic harmonic analysis.
An overview of robot-sensor calibration methods for evaluation of perception systems

In this paper, an overview of methods that solve the robotsensor calibration problem of the forms AX = XB and AX = YB is given. Each form will be split into three solutions: separable closed-form solutions, simultaneous closed-form solutions, and iterative solutions. The advantages and disadvantages of each of the solutions in the case of evaluation of perception systems will also be discussed.
Circadian rhythmicity in emerging mood disorders: state or trait marker?

BACKGROUND
Circadian rhythm disturbances overlap with the symptoms of mood episodes and may trigger or prolong mood symptoms. There is limited research on the role of circadian disturbances in mood disorders in young people and/or first episode cases of unipolar and bipolar disorders.


METHODS
Actigraphy was undertaken for about 14 days in 63 post-pubertal individuals aged 13-25 years with a recent onset of a mood disorder meeting recognised diagnostic criteria. We examined associations between three easily interpretable markers of circadian rhythm activity (amplitude, acrophase and rhythmicity index) and demography and clinical characteristics. Then, circadian markers were compared between diagnostic groups, controlling for potential confounders.


RESULTS
Longer duration of illness was correlated with reduced circadian rhythmicity and lower levels of activity over 24 h. A delay in the timing of maximum activity was associated with the level of manic but not depressive symptoms. The circadian rhythmicity index differentiated unipolar from bipolar cases, and in bipolar but not unipolar disorder, the rhythmicity was less robust in those with more severe manic or depressive symptoms.


CONCLUSIONS
Less robust circadian rhythmicity, especially associated with increasing symptom severity, may represent a more specific or a trait marker of young people with mood disorders who are at higher risk of a bipolar course of illness.
Off-Treatment Hepatitis B Virus (HBV) DNA Levels and the Prediction of Relapse After Discontinuation of Nucleos(t)ide Analogue Therapy in Patients With Chronic Hepatitis B: A Prospective Stop Study.

Background
The optimal management remains unknown after nucleos(t)ide analogue (NA) discontinuation in patients with chronic hepatitis B (CHB). This prospective study investigated the role of off-treatment viral kinetics in predicting relapse after discontinuation of NA therapy.


Methods
A total of 82 noncirrhotic Asian patients with CHB who discontinued NA therapy according to international guidelines were prospectively followed. Patients with a hepatitis B virus (HBV) DNA level of >2000 IU/mL and an alanine aminotransferase (ALT) level of >2 times the upper limit of normal (clinical relapse) were retreated.


Results
Sixty patients were HBV envelope antigen (HBeAg) positive at the start of treatment, and 22 were HBeAg negative. Clinical relapse developed in 28 patients (2-year rates, 31% among HBeAg-positive patients and 53% among HBeAg-negative patients). Age of ≤35 years (hazard ratio [HR], 0.37; P = .026) and end-of-treatment HBsAg level of ≤200 IU/mL (HR, 0.39; P = .078) were independently associated with lower relapse rates. A high risk of biochemical relapse (defined as an ALT level of >2 times the upper limit of normal) was observed if the HBV DNA level was >200000 IU/mL when the level was initially elevated, compared with HBV DNA levels of >2000 to ≤200000 IU/mL (HR, 8.42; P < .001). The risk of biochemical relapse was also high in patients with persistent elevation in the HBV DNA level (confirmed to be >2000 IU/mL within 3 months), compared with the group with transient elevation (HR, 6.87; P < .001).


Conclusions
After NA discontinuation, a lower relapse rate was observed in younger patients and in those with low end-of-treatment HBsAg levels. The level and persistence of off-treatment elevated HBV DNA levels were useful in the prediction of a subsequent biochemical relapse and may thus be used to guide off-treatment management.
Does the source of oil price shocks matter for South African stock returns? A structural VAR approach

In this paper, we investigate the dynamic relationship between different oil price shocks and the South African stock market using a sign restriction structural vector autoregression (VAR) approach for the period 1973:01 to 2011:07. The results show that for an oil-importing country like South Africa, stock returns only increase with oil prices when global economic activity improves. In response to oil supply shocks and speculative demand shocks, stock returns and the real price of oil move in opposite directions. The analysis of the variance decomposition shows that the oil supply shock contributes more to the variability in real stock prices. The main conclusion is that different oil price shocks affect stock returns differently and policy makers and investors should always consider the source of the shock before implementing policy and making investment decisions. JEL classifications: C32, C58, G1, Q43
Humoral immunity against the proline-rich peptide epitope of the IgA1 hinge region in IgA nephropathy.

BACKGROUND
The human IgA1 hinge region is a unique mucin-like O-linked proline-rich glycopeptide, and its core peptide was found to be exposed aberrantly by the underglycosylation in IgA nephropathy (IgAN). We describe here the presence of humoral immunity against the IgA1 hinge peptide epitope in IgAN and evaluate the relationship between the underglycosylation of the IgA1 hinge region and humoral immunity.


METHOD
The serum anti-IgA1 hinge peptide antibody (anti-alpha1HP ab) titre was measured and compared between the IgAN (n=37) and control groups (n=34) by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) using a synthetic peptide corresponding to the human IgA1 hinge region, PVPSTPPTPSPSTPPTPSPS, as an antigen. Next, to evaluate the relationship between the underglycosylation of the IgA1 hinge region and the humoral immunity, the reactivity of the serum IgG from the patients with IgAN against monoclonal IgA1 which had been digested enzymatically to remove the carbohydrates from the IgA1 hinge region was measured by ELISA.


RESULTS
The anti-alpha1HP ab titre was significantly higher in the IgAN group than in the control group (OD value: IgG class, 0.564+/-0.344 vs 0. 331+/-0.154, P=0.0014; IgM class, 0.272+/-0.148 vs 0.141+/-0.072, P<0.0001) and it was positive in approximately 40% of the patients with IgAN. In addition, the reactivity of the serum IgG from the IgAN patients against the monoclonal IgA1 was found to be increased as the carbohydrates were enzymatically removed from the IgA1 hinge region (when native=100; asialo, 122+/-9.5; agalacto, 167+/-11.5; naked, 188+/-3.9).


CONCLUSION
These results suggested that the peptide epitope of the IgA1 hinge region which was aberrantly exposed by underglycosylation could induce the humoral immune response in IgAN.