LLukas22/scidocs huggingface dataset:
Temporal Trends and Outcomes of Patients Undergoing Percutaneous Coronary Interventions for Cardiogenic Shock in the Setting of Acute Myocardial Infarction: A Report From the CathPCI Registry.

OBJECTIVES
The purpose of this study was to examine the temporal trends in demographics, clinical characteristics, management strategies, and in-hospital outcomes in patients with acute myocardial infarction complicated by cardiogenic shock (CS-AMI) who underwent percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) from the Cath-PCI Registry (2005 to 2013).


BACKGROUND
The authors examined contemporary use and outcomes of PCI in patients with CS-AMI.


METHODS
The authors used the Cath-PCI Registry to evaluate 56,497 patients (January 2005 to December 2013) undergoing PCI for CS-AMI. Temporal trends in clinical variables and outcomes were assessed.


RESULTS
Compared with cases performed from 2005 to 2006, CS-AMI patients receiving PCI from 2011 to 2013 were more likely to have diabetes, hypertension, dyslipidemia, previous PCI, dialysis, but less likely to have chronic lung disease, peripheral vascular disease, or heart failure within 2 weeks (p < 0.01). Between 2005 and 2006 to 2011 and 2013, intra-aortic balloon pump use decreased (49.5% to 44.9%; p < 0.01), drug-eluting stent use declined (65% to 46%; p < 0.01), and the use of bivalirudin increased (12.6% to 45.6%). Adjusted in-hospital mortality; increased (27.6% in 2005 to 2006 vs. 30.6% in 2011 to 2013, adjusted odds ratio: 1.09, 95% confidence interval: 1.005 to .173; p = 0.04) for patients who were managed with an early invasive strategy (<24 h from symptoms).


CONCLUSIONS
Our study shows that despite the evolution of medical technology and use of contemporary therapeutic measures, in-hospital mortality in CS-AMI patients who are managed invasively continues to rise. Additional research and targeted efforts are indicated to improve outcomes in this high-risk cohort.
Testing E-commerce Site Scalability With TPC-W

Being able to assess the scalability of Web and e-commerce sites is a challenge. The Transaction Processing Council (TPC) recently released a benchmark for e-commerce sites. This benchmark, called TPC-W, measures a system under test using Web Interactions per Second (WIPS) as its primary metric. This paper describes the benchmark's main features, the authors’ experience in building a TPC-W compliant ecommerce site and a workload generator for TPC-W. It also presents performance metrics and an analysis of self-similarity obtained with the TPC-W site.
Functional Textbooks in Educational Psychology

Editor's note: One of the very important problems of current profes sional education is the relation of theory and practice. No very satisfactory solution to this problem seems to have arisen. Some persons seem to feel that the solution will be found in more technique courses; others appear to feel that there should be more emphasis upon principles. The author writes upon this very important problem.
Extending Simulation Modeling to Activity-Based Costing for Clinical Procedures

A simulation model was developed to measure costs in an Emergency Department setting for patients presenting with possible cervical-spine injury who needed radiological imaging. Simulation, a tool widely used to account for process variability but typically focused on utilization and throughput analysis, is being introduced here as a realistic means to perform an activity-based-costing (ABC) analysis, because traditional ABC methods have difficulty coping with process variation in healthcare. Though the study model has a very specific application, it can be generalized to other settings simply by changing the input parameters. In essence, simulation was found to be an accurate and viable means to conduct an ABC analysis; in fact, the output provides more complete information than could be achieved through other conventional analyses, which gives management more leverage with which to negotiate contractual reimbursements.
Examination findings in legally confirmed child sexual abuse: it's normal to be normal.

BACKGROUND
Studies of alleged victims of child sexual abuse vary greatly in the reported frequency of physical findings based on differences in definition of abuse and of "findings." This study was designed to determine the frequency of abnormal findings in a population of children with legal confirmation of sexual abuse, using a standardized classification system for colposcopic photographic findings.


METHODS
Case files and colposcopic photographs of 236 children with perpetrator conviction for sexual abuse, were reviewed. The photos were reviewed blindly by a team member other than the examiner, and specific anatomical findings were noted and classified as normal to abnormal on a scale of 1 to 5. Historical and behavioral information, as well as legal outcome was recorded, and all data entered into a dBase III program. Correlations were sought between abnormal findings and other variables.


RESULTS
The mean age of the patients was 9.0 years (range 8 months to 17 years, 11 months), with 63% reporting penile-genital contact. Genital examination findings in girls were normal in 28%, nonspecific in 49%, suspicious in 9%, and abnormal in 14% of cases. Abnormal anal findings were found in only 1% of patients. Using discriminant analysis, the two factors which significantly correlated with the presence of abnormal genital findings in girls were the time since the last incident, and a history of blood being reported at the time of the molest.


CONCLUSIONS
Abnormal genital findings are not common in sexually abused girls, based on a standardized classification system. More emphasis should be placed on documenting the child's description of the molestation, and educating prosecutors that, for children alleging abuse: "It's normal to be normal."
Design, theory, and measurement of a polarization-insensitive absorber for terahertz imaging

The advent of terahertz (THz) spectroscopy has ushered in a new field of research as scientists seek to exploit the electromagnetic signatures of materials in the THz range of the spectrum. Specifically, the ability to perform imaging in the THz would have profound impact on the areas of security[1, 2, 3, 4], biology[5, 6], and chemistry[7, 8]. However, imaging in the terahertz is complicated by the a lack of easily accessible electromagnetic responses from naturally occurring materials. [9, 10] Electromagnetic metamaterials (MMs)[11, 12] are one potential solution to overcoming this “THz Gap”[13]. The operational frequency of a given MM design is geometrically scalable to other regimes of the electromagnetic spectrum. Various MM structures have been shown to naturally couple to either the electric and / or magnetic components of light in frequency ranges from radio [14], microwave [15], mm-Wave [16], THz [13], MIR [17], NIR [18], to the near optical [19]. A great deal of effort has been exerted to create low-loss metamaterial devices such as negative index (NI) structures [15] and electromagnetic cloaks[20, 21]. However, the substantial loss tangent that occurs at the center frequencies of metamaterial resonances can be exploited as well. This resonant loss phenomenon serves as the starting point for the investigation of MMs as narrow-band absorbing elements for thermal imaging devices. We present the theory, design, fabrication, and measurement of a single-frequency metamaterial absorbing element. The simulated design reaches a peak absorptivity of 95% at 1.13 THz and the fabricated structure reaches a measured absorptivity of 65% at 1.145 THz. This absorptivity is comparable to existing MM absorber designs [22, 23], but our design is also polarization insensitive, which maximizes the absorption of light.
ABAC - Ein Referenzmodell für attributbasierte Zugriffskontrolle

Moderne Anwendungen aus dem Bereich des e-Commerce, sowie Enterpriseund e-Government-Portale bringen aufgrund der Vielzahl höchst heterogener Benutzer und der Diversität der Informationsressourcen die Notwendigkeit für flexible Autorisierungsund Zugriffskontrollverfahren mit sich. Für den Zugriff auf derartige Anwendungen ist sicherzustellen, dass Benutzer die notwendigen Berechtigungen besitzen. Die Identität der Benutzer ist dabei von sekundärer Bedeutung. Vor diesem Hintergrund haben sich einige Zugriffskontrollansätze auf Basis von Benutzerattributen (sog. Credentials) und Metadaten entwickelt. Dieser Beitrag stellt – auf diese vorhandenen Ansätze aufbauend – ein Referenzmodell unter dem Namen ABAC („Attribute-Based Access Control“) vor. Weiterhin wird anhand mehrerer Beispiele gezeigt, dass ABAC als Generalisierung auch traditioneller Zugriffskontrollmodelle gesehen werden kann und eine Abbildung dieser Modelle auf ABAC möglich ist. Der Entwurf von ABAC-Sicherheitspolitiken wird diskutiert und die Implementierung im Rahmen eines Forschungsprototypen präsentiert.
Laparoscopic lateral adrenalectomy versus open posterior adrenalectomy for the treatment of benign adrenal tumors

Background: Minimally invasive techniques play an important role in adrenal gland surgery. The objective of this study was to compare laparoscopic transabdominal adrenalectomy in the lateral position to the open posterior adrenalectomy with respect to the intraoperative and the short-term postoperative course. Methods: Forty laparoscopic adrenalectomies (LA) carried out between July 1998 and August 2001 were compared to 30 open posterior operations (PA) performed between July 1994 and June 1998. In all cases the indications for surgery was a benign lesion smaller than 8 cm. Results: Age, gender, tumor size, and distribution of the tumor histology were comparable in both groups (LA vs PA). In favor of LA, statistically significant differences (p <0.05) were observed regarding the intraoperative blood loss (260 vs 380 mL), the postoperative narcotic equivalents (2.9 vs 6.4 mg), the morbidity rate (13 vs 27%), and the length of hospital stay (7 vs 10 days). Average operating time was significantly longer for LA (135 vs 106 min). There were two conversions to open adrenalectomy due to diffuse bleeding. Following LA, we observed one major complication (postoperative bleeding from the spleen making a laparotomy necessary) and four minor complications (one small retroperitoneal hematoma, two subcostal nerve irritations, one pleural effusion). PA resulted in one major (wound infection) and seven minor complications (two subcutaneous hematomas, two nerve irritations, two pleural effusions, one dystelectasis). Conclusions: Laparoscopic adrenalectomy proved as a safe and reliable procedure, displaying all advantages of minimal access surgery. In our institution, it has become the standard technique employed for benign adrenal disease. However, the operation is technically demanding, and as adrenal surgery is rare, it should be restricted to centers with special interest in laparoscopic and endocrine surgery.
Depression and prehospital delay in the context of myocardial infarction.

OBJECTIVE
The purpose of this study was to evaluate how depression might influence treatment-seeking behaviors in the context of evolving symptoms of myocardial infarction (MI).


METHODS
Post-MI patients (n = 433) completed a retrospective self-report measure of depressive symptoms with regard to the 2 weeks preceding the MI and a semistructured interview regarding their treatment-seeking behaviors.


RESULTS
Survival analyses found that delay in seeking treatment for acute MI symptoms was observed among participants who (1) attributed their symptoms to noncardiac causes, (2) perceived their symptoms to be relatively mild, (3) experienced gastrointestinal distress, (4) did not experience sweating, and (5) reported being depressed during the 2 weeks before hospitalization. Subsidiary analyses indicated that, among depressive symptoms, sleep disturbance and fatigue predicted delay.


CONCLUSION
Depression warrants further attention as a variable that may influence treatment seeking for MI symptoms. Results highlight the need to adequately screen for and treat depression among persons at risk for MI.
Classification Algorithms in Human Activity Recognition using Smartphones

Rapid advancement in computing technology brings computers and humans to be seamlessly integrated in future. The emergence of smartphone has driven computing era towards ubiquitous and pervasive computing. Recognizing human activity has garnered a lot of interest and has raised significant researches’ concerns in identifying contextual information useful to human activity recognition. Not only unobtrusive to users in daily life, smartphone has embedded built-in sensors that capable to sense contextual information of its users supported with wide range capability of network connections. In this paper, we will discuss the classification algorithms used in smartphone-based human activity. Existing technologies pertaining to smartphone-based researches in human activity recognition will be highlighted and discussed. Our paper will also present our findings and opinions to formulate improvement ideas in current researches’ trends. Understanding research trends will enable researchers to have clearer research direction and common vision on latest smartphone-based human activity recognition area. Keywords—Classification algorithms, Human Activity Recognition (HAR), Smartphones
Movie-DiC: a Movie Dialogue Corpus for Research and Development

This paper describes Movie-DiC a Movie Dialogue Corpus recently collected for research and development purposes. The collected dataset comprises 132,229 dialogues containing a total of 764,146 turns that have been extracted from 753 movies. Details on how the data collection has been created and how it is structured are provided along with its main statistics and characteristics.
S CREDIT CARD FRAUD DETECTION USING SELF-ORGANIZING MAPS

Nowadays, credit card fraud detection is of great importance to financial institutions. This article presents an automated credit card fraud detection system based on the neural network technology. The authors apply the Self-Organizing Map algorithm to create a model of typical cardholder’s behavior and to analyze the deviation of transactions, thus finding suspicious transactions.
Lung cancer screening practices of primary care physicians: results from a national survey.

PURPOSE
Although current practice guidelines do not recommend screening asymptomatic patients for lung cancer, physicians may still order lung cancer screening tests. No recent national survey of health care professionals has focused on lung cancer screening. In this study, we examined the lung cancer screening practices of US primary care physicians and characteristics of those who order lung cancer screening tests.


METHODS
We conducted a nationally representative survey of practicing primary care physicians in 2006-2007. Mailed questionnaires assessed the physicians' knowledge of lung cancer screening guidelines, beliefs about the effectiveness of screening tests, and ordering of screening chest radiograph, low-dose spiral computed tomography, or sputum cytology in the past 12 months. Clinical vignettes were used to assess the physicians' intentions to screen asymptomatic 50-year-old patients with varying smoking histories for lung cancer.


RESULTS
A total of 962 family physicians, general practitioners, and general internists completed questionnaires (cooperation rate = 76.8%). Overall, 38% had ordered no lung cancer screening tests; 55% had ordered chest radiograph, 22% low-dose spiral computed tomography, and less than 5% sputum cytology. In multivariate modeling, physicians were more likely to have ordered lung cancer screening tests if they believed that expert groups recommend lung cancer screening or that screening tests are effective; if they would recommend screening for asymptomatic patients, including patients without substantial smoking exposure; and if their patients had asked them about screening.


CONCLUSIONS
Primary care physicians in the United States frequently order lung cancer screening tests for asymptomatic patients, even though expert groups do not recommend it. Primary care physicians and patients need more information about lung cancer screening's evidence base, guidelines, potential harms, and costs to avert inappropriate ordering.
The Use of Plants in SkinCare Products , Cosmetics and Fragrances : Past and Present

This work discusses the way people have used plants over time (basically since Ancient Egypt) to care for their physical aspect, and also how natural resources (especially plants) are currently used in personal-care products. Many plant species are ancient. This paper also shows examples of plants used for personal care which are investigated with new scientific advances.
An Efficient Association Rule Hiding Algorithm for Privacy Preserving Data Mining

The security of the large database that contains certain crucial information, it will become a serious issue when sharing data to the network against unauthorized access. Privacy preserving data mining is a new research trend in privacy data for data mining and statistical database. Association analysis is a powerful tool for discovering relationships which are hidden in large database. Association rules hiding algorithms get strong and efficient performance for protecting confidential and crucial data. Data modification and rule hiding is one of the most important approaches for secure data. The objective of the proposed Association rule hiding algorithm for privacy preserving data mining is to hide certain information so that they cannot be discovered through association rule mining algorithm. The main approached of association rule hiding algorithms to hide some generated association rules, by increase or decrease the support or the confidence of the rules. The association rule items whether in Left Hand Side (LHS) or Right Hand Side (RHS) of the generated rule, that cannot be deduced through association rule mining algorithms. The concept of Increase Support of Left Hand Side (ISL) algorithm is decrease the confidence of rule by increase the support value of LHS. It doesn’t work for both side of rule; it works only for modification of LHS. In Decrease Support of Right Hand Side (DSR) algorithm, confidence of the rule decrease by decrease the support value of RHS. It works for the modification of RHS. We proposed a new algorithm solves the problem of them. That can increase and decrease the support of the LHS and RHS item of the rule correspondingly so that more rule hide less number of modification. The efficiency of the proposed algorithm is compared with ISL algorithms and DSR algorithms using real databases, on the basis of number of rules hide, CPU time and the number of modifies entries and got better results. KeywordsData Mining; Association Rules; Privacy Preserving Data Mining; Sensitive Items; Association Rule Hiding.
Future gyros on the base of whispering gallery mode resonators

The paper discusses basic principles of different types of working gyroscope based resonators whispering gallery modes.
Combination of brain-computer interface training and goal-directed physical therapy in chronic stroke: a case report.

BACKGROUND
There is no accepted and efficient rehabilitation strategy to reduce focal impairments for patients with chronic stroke who lack residual movements.


METHODS
A 67-year-old hemiplegic patient with no active finger extension was trained with a brain-computer interface (BCI) combined with a specific daily life-oriented physiotherapy. The BCI used electrical brain activity (EEG) and magnetic brain activity (MEG) to drive an orthosis and a robot affixed to the patient's affected upper extremity, which enabled him to move the paralyzed arm and hand driven by voluntary modulation of micro-rhythm activity. In addition, the patient practiced goal-directed physiotherapy training. Over 1 year, he completed 3 training blocks. Arm motor function, gait capacities (using Fugl-Meyer Assessment, Wolf Motor Function Test, Modified Ashworth Scale, 10-m walk speed, and goal attainment score), and brain reorganization (functional MRI, MEG) were repeatedly assessed.


RESULTS
The ability of hand and arm movements as well as speed and safety of gait improved significantly (mean 46.6%). Improvement of motor function was associated with increased micro-oscillations in the ipsilesional motor cortex.


CONCLUSION
This proof-of-principle study suggests that the combination of BCI training with goal-directed, active physical therapy may improve the motor abilities of chronic stroke patients despite apparent initial paralysis.
English Schooled: International Society Between Hegemony and Jihad

Combating Jihadism: American Hegemony and Interstate Cooperation in the War on Terrorism. By Barak Mendelsohn, Chicago, IL: University of Chicago Press, 2009. 304 pp., $45.00 paperback (ISBN-13: 978-0-226-52011-7).

Barak Mendelsohn breathes new life into English School theory and policy relevance with Combating Jihadism: American Hegemony and Interstate Cooperation . As a state-centric perspective focusing on the rules and order of “international society,” the English School (ES) has been a realist cousin, whereby state interests and power matter but with a hint of sociality defining legitimate action in ways that transcend realist materialism. Just what exactly ES offers in contrast to realism and other theoretical views has not always been clear in the thirty-plus years since Hedley Bull's foundational book, The Anarchical Society . Mendelsohn revisits the perspective, freshens it up with policy-relevant focus on both the transnational terrorism and the age of American hegemony. In so doing, he relates these two as twin forces that international society guards against in its pursuit of survival and stability as a community of sovereign states. While not wholly successful in his theoretical or empirical tasks, he makes a plausible case for taking norms and normative behavior seriously in the study of both counterterrorism and hegemonic orders.

Mendelsohn's thesis is that transnational “jihadism” is a threat to international society. He argues that disparate states with their own interests nonetheless come together and cooperate because of a desire to preserve the social order threatened by transnational jihadists. Such various states set aside differences and bear high material costs to do so, even following the “hegemonic” power, the United States, to uphold the survival and stability of international society. But, cooperation is contingent on the hegemon's leadership being …
Targeted Cyberattacks: A Superset of Advanced Persistent Threats

Targeted cyberattacks play an increasingly significant role in disrupting the online social and economic model, not to mention the threat they pose to nation-states. A variety of components and techniques come together to bring about such attacks.