LLukas22/scidocs huggingface dataset:
A Human Capital Model for Mitigating Security Analyst Burnout

Security Operation Centers (SOCs) are being operated by universities, government agencies, and corporations to defend their enterprise networks in general and in particular to identify malicious behaviors in both networks and hosts. The success of a SOC depends on having the right tools, processes and, most importantly, efficient and effective analysts. One of the worrying issues in recent times has been the consistently high burnout rates of security analysts in SOCs. Burnout results in analysts making poor judgments when analyzing security events as well as frequent personnel turnovers. In spite of high awareness of this problem, little has been known so far about the factors leading to burnout. Various coping strategies employed by SOC management such as career progression do not seem to address the problem but rather deal only with the symptoms. In short, burnout is a manifestation of one or more underlying issues in SOCs that are as of yet unknown. In this work we performed an anthropological study of a corporate SOC over a period of six months and identified concrete factors contributing to the burnout phenomenon. We use Grounded Theory to analyze our fieldwork data and propose a model that explains the burnout phenomenon. Our model indicates that burnout is a human capital management problem resulting from the cyclic interaction of a number of human, technical, and managerial factors. Specifically, we identified multiple vicious cycles connecting the factors affecting the morale of the analysts. In this paper we provide detailed descriptions of the various vicious cycles and suggest ways to turn these cycles into virtuous ones. We further validated our results on the fieldnotes from a SOC at a higher education institution. The proposed model is able to successfully capture and explain the burnout symptoms in this other SOC as well. Copyright is held by the author/owner. Permission to make digital or hard copies of all or part of this work for personal or classroom use is granted without fee. Symposium on Usable Privacy and Security (SOUPS) 2015, July 22–24, 2015, Ottawa, Canada.
Progress towards bioorthogonal catalysis with organometallic compounds.

The catalysis of bioorthogonal transformations inside living organisms is a formidable challenge--yet bears great potential for future applications in chemical biology and medicinal chemistry. We herein disclose highly active organometallic ruthenium complexes for bioorthogonal catalysis under biologically relevant conditions and inside living cells. The catalysts uncage allyl carbamate protected amines with unprecedented high turnover numbers of up to 270 cycles in the presence of water, air, and millimolar concentrations of thiols. By live-cell imaging of HeLa cells and with the aid of a caged fluorescent probe we could reveal a rapid development of intense fluorescence within the cellular cytoplasm and therefore support the proposed bioorthogonality of the catalysts. In addition, to illustrate the manifold applications of bioorthogonal catalysis, we developed a method for catalytic in-cell activation of a caged anticancer drug, which efficiently induced apoptosis in HeLa cells.
Adaptive optimal control for continuous-time linear systems based on policy iteration

In this paper we propose a new scheme based on adaptive critics for finding online the state feedback, infinite horizon, optimal control solution of linear continuous-time systems using only partial knowledge regarding the system dynamics. In other words, the algorithm solves online an algebraic Riccati equation without knowing the internal dynamics model of the system. Being based on a policy iteration technique, the algorithm alternates between the policy evaluation and policy update steps until an update of the control policy will no longer improve the system performance. The result is a direct adaptive control algorithm which converges to the optimal control solution without using an explicit, a priori obtained, model of the system internal dynamics. The effectiveness of the algorithm is shown while finding the optimal-load-frequency controller for a power system. © 2008 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Infinitary rewriting: meta-theory and convergence

When infinitary rewriting was introduced by Kaplan et al. (Principles of Programming Languages, ACM, New York, pp. 250–259, 1989) at the beginning of the 1990s, its term universe was explained as the metric completion of a metric on finite terms. The motivation for this connection to topology was that it allowed to import other well-studied notions from metric spaces, in particular the notion of convergence as a replacement for normalisation. This paper generalises the approach by parameterising it with a term metric, and applying the process of metric completion not only to terms but also to operations on and relations between terms. The resulting meta-theory is studied, leading to a revised notion of infinitary rewrite system. For these systems a method is devised to prove their convergence.
(Reverse) k-nearest neighbors for moving objects

We introduce a new, simple method for answering reverse and nearest neighbor queries for moving objects, e.g., mobile players in a multiplayer game, where a trajectory is known to the system for each object, at least in the short-term. See [Rahmati 2014].
‘What Can You Say, Words It Is, Nothing Else Going’

This essay examines the capacity of language (‘word’) to convey what there is (‘world’). It draws on philosophical thought, which it seeks to apply to law while making specific reference to comparative legal studies, that is, to the investigation of law that is foreign to its interpreter.
Whole genome amplification and real-time PCR in forensic casework

WGA (Whole Genome Amplification) in forensic genetics can eliminate the technical limitations arising from low amounts of genomic DNA (gDNA). However, it has not been used to date because any amplification bias generated may complicate the interpretation of results. Our aim in this paper was to assess the applicability of MDA to forensic SNP genotyping by performing a comparative analysis of genomic and amplified DNA samples. A 26-SNPs TaqMan panel specifically designed for low copy number (LCN) and/or severely degraded genomic DNA was typed on 100 genomic as well as amplified DNA samples. Aliquots containing 1, 0.1 and 0.01 ng each of 100 DNA samples were typed for a 26-SNPs panel. Similar aliquots of the same DNA samples underwent multiple displacement amplification (MDA) before being typed for the same panel. Genomic DNA samples showed 0% PCR failure rate for all three dilutions, whilst the PCR failure rate of the amplified DNA samples was 0% for the 1 ng and 0.1 ng dilutions and 0.077% for the 0.01 ng dilution. The genotyping results of both the amplified and genomic DNA samples were also compared with reference genotypes of the same samples obtained by direct sequencing. The genomic DNA samples showed genotype concordance rates of 100% for all three dilutions while the concordance rates of the amplified DNA samples were 100% for the 1 ng and 0.1 ng dilutions and 99.923% for the 0.01 ng dilution. Moreover, ten artificially-degraded DNA samples, which gave no results when analyzed by current forensic methods, were also amplified by MDA and genotyped with 100% concordance. We investigated the suitability of MDA material for forensic SNP typing. Comparative analysis of amplified and genomic DNA samples showed that a large number of SNPs could be accurately typed starting from just 0.01 ng of template. We found that the MDA genotyping call and accuracy rates were only slightly lower than those for genomic DNA. Indeed, when 10 pg of input DNA was used in MDA, we obtained 99.923% concordance, indicating a genotyping error rate of 1/1299 (7.7 × 10-4). This is quite similar to the genotyping error rate of STRs used in current forensic analysis. Such efficiency and accuracy of SNP typing of amplified DNA suggest that MDA can also generate large amounts of genome-equivalent DNA from a minimal amount of input DNA. These results show for the first time that MDA material is suitable for SNP-based forensic protocols and in general when samples fail to give interpretable STR results.
Cable-Capacitance Discharge Time With and Without the Application of Grounding Device

This paper provides inherent cable capacitance, its stored energy, its maximum transient voltage, and time to discharge such a voltage and energy to a safe level with and without the application of a grounding device. Maintenance procedures require that appropriate grounding devices be applied to electrical equipment upon its deenergizing before performing inspection or maintenance for safety reasons. The authors have not come across published literature describing how to determine the discharge time of an inherent cable-capacitance charged voltage. Shore power supply to a berthing ship is called cold ironing; it helps to minimize air pollution. In the cold-ironing power system design, medium-voltage heavy plug and receptacle assemblies are required to make and break shore power connections to the ship power system as the ship arrives and leaves the port after the cold-ironing operation. Therefore, there was a need to know the discharge time of the cable capacitance without the application of the grounding device for safety reasons. A recommendation for a future research project to develop a recording/measuring device for the cable-capacitance voltage discharge time to validate the calculated discharge time presented in this paper is included. For safe and efficient operation of the cold-ironing operation, implementation of a grounding switch key interlocked with an associated main disconnect switch and power plugs (for discharging quickly cable-capacitance voltage and charged energy to ground) shall be included.
Demonstration-Guided Motion Planning

We present demonstration-guided motion planning (DGMP), a new framework for planning motions for personal robots to perform household tasks. DGMP combines the strengths of sampling-based motion planning and robot learning from demonstrations to generate plans that (1) avoid novel obstacles in cluttered environments, and (2) learn and maintain critical aspects of the motion required to successfully accomplish a task. Sampling-based motion planning methods are highly effective at computing paths from start to goal configurations that avoid obstacles, but task constraints (e.g. a glass of water must be held upright to avoid a spill) must be explicitly enumerated and programmed. Instead, we use a set of expert demonstrations and automatically extract time-dependent task constraints by learning low variance aspects of the demonstrations, which are correlated with the task constraints. We then introduce multi-component rapidly-exploring roadmaps (MCRRM), a sampling-based method that incrementally computes a motion plan that avoids obstacles and optimizes a learned cost metric. We demonstrate the effectiveness of DGMP using the Aldebaran Nao robot performing household tasks in a cluttered environment, including moving a spoon full of sugar from a bowl to a cup and cleaning the surface of a table.
Simulation of four quadrant operation & speed control of BLDC motor on MATLAB / SIMULINK

BLDC motors have been gaining attention from various industrial and household appliance manufacturers, because of its high efficiency, high power density and low maintenance cost. After many research and developments in the fields of magnetic materials and power electronics, their applications to electric drives have increased to a significant extent. In this paper, the modeling of Brushless DC motor drive system along with control system for speed and current has been presented using MATLAB/SIMULINK. In order to evaluate the model, various cases of simulation studies are carried out. Test results thus obtained show that, the model performance is satisfactory.
Markers of abuse liability of short- vs long-acting opioids in chronic pain patients: A randomized cross-over trial

BACKGROUND
Abuse liability is thought to possibly be lower in long- than in short-acting opioids because lower peak serum levels may be less likely to induce psychoactive effects.


METHODS
We compared patient responses to extended-release morphine, hydrocodone plus acetaminophen, and placebo in a randomized, double-blind crossover study using markers of abuse liability. Patients indicated their craving for drugs on 5 visual analog scales (VASs), completed the Addiction Research Center Inventory, and underwent cue reactivity testing. To perform the latter, subjects watched a video intended to produce a positive or a negative affect, after which a vial of medication was or was not presented (the cue) and then indicated their craving for drugs on 5 different VASs (the reactivity).


RESULTS
Differences in Addiction Research Inventory scores were statistically significant but clinically unimportant. Neuropsychological test results were mixed and unrelated to the medications studied. Cue reactivity did not differ among conditions but was uniformly high.


CONCLUSIONS
Using several markers of abuse liability, long-acting opioids do not have lower abuse potential than do short-acting opioids or placebo. Although cue reactivity did not differ among the conditions, uniformly high results in these patients suggest that it may have some value as a component of abuse liability testing.
Thalidomide for the treatment of chronic gastrointestinal bleeding from angiodysplasias: a case series.

BACKGROUND
Mucosal angiodysplasias, either inherited or acquired, can cause gastrointestinal bleeding, sometimes refractory to treatment. From earlier case reports, thalidomide has been described to possess some benefits in this disease, but its benefits and risks nevertheless remain unclear.


OBJECTIVES
This pilot study assesses the efficacy, safety, and side-effect of thalidomide in the treatment of patients with chronic gastrointestinal bleeding from angiodysplasias.


METHODS
Patients with chronic angiodysplasia bleeding and requiring ongoing transfusion were eligible for this open nonrandomized study. Thalidomide was started with 50 mg/day and then increased incrementally by 50 mg every week up to 200 mg/day, if tolerated, and continued for 6 months. Adverse events, hemoglobin, blood chemistry, and blood transfusion were monitored during the treatment and for 6-months posttreatment.


RESULTS
Seven patients were recruited in this study. Four patients discontinued thalidomide within 3-8 weeks, because of fatigue (two patients), peripheral neuropathy (one patient), and skin rash (one patient). All side-effects resolved when thalidomide was discontinued. These four patients required the same volume of blood transfusions per month as pre-study. In contrast, the three patients who continued 100-200 mg/day of thalidomide for 6 months did not require any transfusions during the 6 months of medication. During 6-months posttreatment of these three patients, one maintained response without any transfusion for 2 months, then required 1 U of blood every 4 weeks, one patient required 2 U of blood every 3-4 weeks, and one patient died from diabetes complications.


CONCLUSION
Thalidomide should be considered as a therapeutic option in patients who are resistant to conventional therapy, but it has a high discontinuation rate because of its side-effects.
Foundation for fascism: The new eugenics movement in the United States

J. Philippe Rushton recently gained widespread publicity in North America with his controversial eugenic theories of racial difference. Barry Mehler shows that his ideas coincide with, and are supported by, the wealthy organization promoting eugenics in the US today, the Pioneer Fund, and the journal Mankind Quarterly, and scrutinizes the political and academic influence of those bodies.
Peer Coaching Through mHealth Targeting Physical Activity in People With Parkinson Disease: Feasibility Study

BACKGROUND
Long-term engagement in exercise and physical activity mitigates the progression of disability and increases quality of life in people with Parkinson disease (PD). Despite this, the vast majority of individuals with PD are sedentary. There is a critical need for a feasible, safe, acceptable, and effective method to assist those with PD to engage in active lifestyles. Peer coaching through mobile health (mHealth) may be a viable approach.


OBJECTIVE
The purpose of this study was to develop a PD-specific peer coach training program and a remote peer-mentored walking program using mHealth technology with the goal of increasing physical activity in persons with PD. We set out to examine the feasibility, safety, and acceptability of the programs along with preliminary evidence of individual-level changes in walking activity, self-efficacy, and disability in the peer mentees.


METHODS
A peer coach training program and a remote peer-mentored walking program using mHealth was developed and tested in 10 individuals with PD. We matched physically active persons with PD (peer coaches) with sedentary persons with PD (peer mentees), resulting in 5 dyads. Using both Web-based and in-person delivery methods, we trained the peer coaches in basic knowledge of PD, exercise, active listening, and motivational interviewing. Peer coaches and mentees wore FitBit Zip activity trackers and participated in daily walking over 8 weeks. Peer dyads interacted daily via the FitBit friends mobile app and weekly via telephone calls. Feasibility was determined by examining recruitment, participation, and retention rates. Safety was assessed by monitoring adverse events during the study period. Acceptability was assessed via satisfaction surveys. Individual-level changes in physical activity were examined relative to clinically important differences.


RESULTS
Four out of the 5 peer pairs used the FitBit activity tracker and friends function without difficulty. A total of 4 of the 5 pairs completed the 8 weekly phone conversations. There were no adverse events over the course of the study. All peer coaches were "satisfied" or "very satisfied" with the training program, and all participants were "satisfied" or "very satisfied" with the peer-mentored walking program. All participants would recommend this program to others with PD. Increases in average steps per day exceeding the clinically important difference occurred in 4 out of the 5 mentees.


CONCLUSIONS
Remote peer coaching using mHealth is feasible, safe, and acceptable for persons with PD. Peer coaching using mHealth technology may be a viable method to increase physical activity in individuals with PD. Larger controlled trials are necessary to examine the effectiveness of this approach.
Quantification of the health risk associated with wastewater reuse in Accra, Ghana: a contribution toward local guidelines.

Quantitative Microbial Risk Assessment (QMRA) models with 10,000 Monte Carlo simulations were applied to ascertain the risks of rotavirus and Ascaris infections for farmers using different irrigation water qualities and consumers of lettuce irrigated with the different water qualities after allowing post-harvest handling. A tolerable risk (TR) of infection of 7.7 x 10(-4) and 1 x 10(-2) per person per year were used for rotavirus and Ascaris respectively. The risk of Ascaris infection was within a magnitude of 10(-2) for farmers accidentally ingesting drain or stream irrigation water; approximately 10(0) for farmers accidentally ingesting farm soil and 10(0) for farmers ingesting any of the irrigation waters and contaminated soil. There was a very low risk (10(-5)) of Ascaris infection for farmers using pipe-water. For consumers, the annual risks of Ascaris and rotavirus infections were 10(0) and 10(-3) for drain and stream irrigated lettuce respectively with slight increases for rotavirus infections along the post-harvest handling chain. Pipe irrigated lettuce recorded a rotavirus infection of 10(-4) with no changes due to post harvest handling. The assessment identified on-farm soil contamination as the most significant health hazard.
Preventing visual loss from chronic eye disease in primary care: scientific review.

CONTEXT
Vision loss is common in the United States and its prevalence increases with age. Visual disability significantly impacts quality of life and increases the risk of injury. Although at least 40% of blindness in the United States is either preventable or treatable with timely diagnosis and intervention, many people with vision loss are undiagnosed and untreated.


OBJECTIVE
To review the evidence regarding screening and management of eye disorders and visual disability among adults in the primary care setting.


DATA SOURCES AND STUDY SELECTION
MEDLINE, HealthSTAR, EMBASE, The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, and the National Guidelines Clearinghouse were searched for articles and practice guidelines about screening and management of eye diseases and vision loss among adults in the primary care setting using key words and free-text terms, such as vision screening, glaucoma prevention and control, from 1985 to 2003. References in these articles and those suggested by experts in eye care, vision loss, and vision screening were reviewed as well.


DATA EXTRACTION
Articles were searched for the most clinically important information and emphasized randomized controlled trials where available.


DATA SYNTHESIS
Most major guidelines recommend periodic referral of older adults to an eye care professional for comprehensive evaluation to detect eye diseases and visual disability. The value of routine screening for vision loss in the primary care setting has not been established. Timely identification and treatment of eye diseases can substantially reduce the incidence and prevalence of visual disability among older adults. Optimizing management of systemic diseases, such as diabetes, hypertension, and hyperlipidemia, significantly reduces the risk of related eye disorders.


CONCLUSIONS
Primary care clinicians can play a vital role in preserving vision in their patients by managing systemic diseases that impact eye health and by ensuring that patients undergo periodic evaluations by eye care professionals and receive needed eye care.
Effects of Strength and Endurance Training of Superficial and Deep Neck
Muscles on Muscle Activities and Pain Levels of Females with Chronic Neck
Pain

[Purpose] To compare muscle activities and pain levels of females with chronic neck pain receiving different exercise programs. [Subjects and Methods] One hundred females with chronic neck pain participated in this study. They were randomly allocated into 4 groups (n = 25) on the basis of the exercises performed as follows: strength-endurance exercise, craniocervical flexion exercise, combination of strength-endurance and craniocervical flexion exercise and control groups. Pain, disability levels and changes in the muscle activities of the cervical erector spinae (CE), sternocleidomastoid (SCM), anterior scalenes (AS) and upper trapezius (UT) muscles were evaluated before and after the interventions. [Results] After 12 weeks of exercise intervention, all three exercise groups showed improvements in pain and disability. The muscle activities during the typing task were significantly different from the control group in all three exercise groups for all muscles except those of the extensor muscles in the craniocervical flexion exercise group. [Conclusion] The results of this study indicate that exercises for the cervical muscles improve pain and disability. The exercise programs reduced the activities of almost all cervical muscles.