LLukas22/scidocs huggingface dataset:
Assessment Practices of Secondary Music Teachers

The purpose of this study was to survey assessment and grading practices employed by secondary music teachers throughout the southwestern region of the United States. Three main research questions guided the study: (1) What types of school district frameworks and classroom contexts are secondary music teachers operating within? (2) Which specific assessment and grading practices are employed most commonly by secondary music teachers? (3) Do any contextual or individual difference variables influence secondary music teachers’ assessment and grading practices? Two mailings yielded 352 total usable questionnaires (36%) with a sampling error of +/–5%. Participants reported that their school districts emphasized letter grades and that music course grades were equally weighted with other course grades in calculating student grade point averages and generating credit toward graduation. Yet, music teachers seldom received administrative guidance or altered assessment approaches due to standards-based curriculum adoption. Participants based grades on a combination of achievement and non-achievement criteria, with non-achievement criteria receiving greater weight in determining grades. Although instructional time, number of students taught, and number of concert performances prepared/ given had no substantive relationship with assessment decisions, grading practices were influenced by teaching level and teaching specialization.
Changes in perceived health between one and five years after stroke: A randomized controlled trial of early supported discharge with continued rehabilitation at home versus conventional rehabilitation

BACKGROUND
Early supported discharge with continued rehabilitation at home (ESD) for patients with mild to moderate impairments has been compared to conventional rehabilitation in a randomized controlled trial. The aim of this study was to explore changes over time in perceived health status over the five years after stroke onset.


METHODS
Of 83 patients enrolled in a randomized controlled trial of ESD compared to conventional rehabilitation, 50 (home rehabilitation group, n=28, conventional rehabilitation group, n=22) were followed up at one and five years after stroke with regard to perceived health using the Sickness Impact Profile. The Mann Whitney U-test was employed for statistical analysis of differences between the groups at one and five years, and the Wilcoxon sign test for differences within each group between one and five years.


RESULTS
There was no difference in perceived health between the groups at one or five years after stroke with regard to SIP total and the physical and psychosocial dimensions. Perceived health did not change significantly between one and five years in the home rehabilitation group whereas it had deteriorated significantly in the conventional rehabilitation group (p=0.05).


CONCLUSIONS
We conclude that the long term outcome with regard to perceived health status is more favourable after ESD than after conventional rehabilitation. Our results suggest that the environment is a key component to be considered in the rehabilitation process of stroke patients.
Training of somatosensory discrimination after stroke: facilitation of stimulus generalization.

OBJECTIVE
Task-specific learning typifies perceptual training but limits rehabilitation of sensory deficit after stroke. We therefore investigated spontaneous and procedurally facilitated transfer of training effects within the somatosensory domain after stroke.


DESIGN
Ten single-case, multiple-baseline experiments were conducted with stroke participants who had impaired discrimination of touch or limb-position sense. Each experiment comprised three phases: baseline, stimulus-specific training of the primary discrimination stimulus, and either stimulus-specific training of the transfer stimulus or stimulus-generalization training. Both the trained and transfer stimuli were monitored throughout using quantitative, norm-referenced measures. Data were analyzed using individual time-series analysis and meta-analysis of intervention effects across case experiments.


RESULTS
Stimulus-specific training was successful for trained texture and proprioceptive discriminations, but it failed to show spontaneous transfer to related untrained stimuli in the same modality in seven of eight experiments in which this was possible. In contrast, intramodality transfer was obtained with stimulus-generalization training in four of five experiments that investigated stimulus-generalization training of texture discrimination. Findings were confirmed by meta-analysis.


CONCLUSIONS
Our findings demonstrate generalization of training within a somatosensory modality poststroke, provided that a program designed to enhance transfer is used. This has implications for the design of efficient rehabilitation programs.
Weight loss intervention for people with serious mental illness: a randomized controlled trial of the RENEW program.

OBJECTIVE
This study assessed phases one and two of a three-phase weight-loss program called RENEW--Recovering Energy Through Nutrition and Exercise for Weight Loss--among individuals with serious mental illness at four mental health centers. RENEW provides meal replacements twice daily and intensive instruction in nutrition and meal preparation, exercise, and goal setting for three months followed by three months of maintenance.


METHODS
Individuals grouped by the psychiatric medication they took were assigned randomly to RENEW or to a control group.


RESULTS
Participants who completed RENEW (N=47) had lost more weight on average than had the control group (N=42) at three and six months (weight loss of 5.3 and 4.4 pounds, respectively, versus weight gain of .1 pounds and weight loss of .9 pounds, respectively; F=5.74, df=2 and 82, p=.005). Results did not vary on the basis of type of medication.


CONCLUSIONS
Weight loss programs that address cognitive impairments that may accompany serious mental illness can be effective.
The versatility of the free osteocutaneous fibula flap in the reconstruction of extremities after sarcoma resection

BACKGROUND
An understanding of the biology of bone and soft-tissue sarcomas, knowledge of adjuvant therapies and refinement in techniques of reconstructive surgery have allowed limb-sparing and limb salvage surgery to become a reality in the management of malignant tumors of the extremities. Functional limb salvage following radical resection has become a possibility in many resectable tumors by the use of alloplastic prostheses, homograft or autogenous bone for skeletal reconstitution combined with vascularized soft tissue coverage. Although the free fibula flap has been well described for reconstructions of the mandible and oral cavity, it has not been widely presented as an ideal tool to preserve extremities and to circumvent amputation.


PATIENTS AND METHODS
We describe the complex surgical reconstruction in four patients with primary sarcomas of the extremities. The sarcomas (Ewing's sarcoma, osteosarcoma and epitheloid sarcoma) were resected radically and the massive bone and soft tissue defect was replaced by vascularized free fibula transfer.


RESULTS
We present our experience with versatility of this osteocutaneous flap to allow reconstruction and salvage of extremitity sarcomas. There were no operative or postoperative complication and all the four patients had good limb function. The flap was found to be versatile as it could be used for either upper limb or lower limb and for large defects. The results were better in upper limb than in lower limb.


CONCLUSIONS
Free fibular graft was found to be effective for salvaging limb function where a massive bone defect resulted from wide tumor resection in the extremities.
Does parental involvement matter for student achievement and mental health in high school?

Parental involvement in education remains important for facilitating positive youth development. This study conceptualized parental involvement as a multidimensional construct-including school-based involvement, home-based involvement, and academic socialization-and examined the effects of different types of parental involvement in 10th grade on student achievement and depression in 11th grade (approximately ages 15-17 years). In addition, this study tested whether parental involvement influenced adolescent outcomes by increasing their academic engagement in school. A total of 1,056 adolescents participated in the study (51% males; 53% European American, 40% African American, and 7% other). Parental involvement was found to improve academic and emotional functioning among adolescents. In addition, parental involvement predicted adolescent academic success and mental health both directly and indirectly through behavioral and emotional engagement.
A deep learning approach for detecting malicious JavaScript code

Malicious JavaScript code in webpages on the Internet is an emergent security issue because of its universality and potentially severe impact. Because of its obfuscation and complexities, detecting it has a considerable cost. Over the last few years, several machine learning-based detection approaches have been proposed; most of them use shallow discriminating models with features that are constructed with artificial rules. However, with the advent of the big data era for information transmission, these existing methods already cannot satisfy actual needs. In this paper, we present a new deep learning framework for detection of malicious JavaScript code, from which we obtained the highest detection accuracy compared with the control group. The architecture is composed of a sparse random projection, deep learning model, and logistic regression. Stacked denoising auto-encoders were used to extract high-level features from JavaScript code; logistic regression as a classifier was used to distinguish between malicious and benign JavaScript code. Experimental results indicated that our architecture, with over 27 000 labeled samples, can achieve an accuracy of up to 95%, with a false positive rate less than 4.2% in the best case. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Latino values in the context of palliative care: illustrative cases from the Family Focused Grief Therapy trial.

BACKGROUND
Clinicians meet a variety of ethnicities among patients and families in hospice programs. This article focuses on Latino families.


METHODS
Within a controlled trial of family therapy in the context of palliative care, 17 families identified as Hispanic. Five were examined qualitatively herein.


RESULTS
A synopsis of each family's narrative is presented here. Patterns of strong family loyalty (Familismo), the gender roles of Machismo and Marianismo, the importance of family tradition, expectations about caregiving, and the place of faith and religion emerged as prominent and able potentially to impact on the therapy.


CONCLUSIONS
Family therapists need to be thoughtful about cultural issues as they strive to support families.
PCBs in Lake Superior, 1978-1992: Decreases in Water Concentrations Reflect Loss by Volatilization.

Polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) water concentrations in Lake Superior from 1978 to 1992 have been compiled in order to determine long-term trends. Based on the concentrations of the same 25 PCB congeners from surface water samples collected between 1980 and 1992, CPCBs have decreased with a first-order rate constant of 0.20 yr l . The concentration of CPCBs in 1980 based on 82 congeners was 2.4 ng/L, by 1992 the concentration had decreased to 0.18 ng/L, indicating a loss of -26 500 kg of PCBs from Lake Superior during this 12-yr period. PCB concentrations in dated sediment cores collected in 1986 and 1990 indicate that the sediments have accumulated -4900 kg of PCBs since 1930 when PCB production began in the United States. A mass balance of PCBs in Lake Superior for 1986 predicts that volatilization, not sedimentation, is the dominant loss process of PCBs from the lake. Net volatilization of PCBs from Lake Superior is estimated to be -1900 kg in 1986, while the loss due to burial in the sediments was 110 kg. A congener-specific first-order rate constant model predicts sedimentation to be a minimal loss process in Lake Superior and volatilization to dominate. The pseudo-first-order rate constants for volatilization and sedimentation of CPCB are predicted by the rate constant model to be -0.24 and -0.004 y r l , respectively. The model estimated PCB inputs in 1986 of 500 kg.
Discrete exterior calculus discretization of incompressible Navier-Stokes equations over surface simplicial meshes

A conservative discretization of incompressible Navier-Stokes equations is developed based on discrete exterior calculus (DEC). A distinguishing feature of our method is the use of an algebraic discretization of the interior product operator and a combinatorial discretization of the wedge product. The governing equations are first rewritten using the exterior calculus notation, replacing vector calculus differential operators by the exterior derivative, Hodge star and wedge product operators. The discretization is then carried out by substituting with the corresponding discrete operators based on the DEC framework. Numerical experiments for flows over surfaces reveal a second order accuracy for the developed scheme when using structured-triangular meshes, and first order accuracy for otherwise unstructured meshes. By con∗Corresponding author Email addresses: mamdouh.mohamed@kaust.edu.sa (Mamdouh S. Mohamed), hirani@illinois.edu (Anil N. Hirani), ravi.samtaney@kaust.edu.sa (Ravi Samtaney) On leave, Department of Mechanical Design and Production, Faculty of Engineering, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt. Preprint submitted to Journal of Computational Physics February 11, 2016 struction, the method is conservative in that both mass and vorticity are conserved up to machine precision. The relative error in kinetic energy for inviscid flow test cases converges in a second order fashion with both the mesh size and the time step.
The Alternative Network Address Types (ANAT) Semantics for the Session Description Protocol (SDP) Grouping Framework

Status of This Memo This document specifies an Internet standards track protocol for the Internet community, and requests discussion and suggestions for improvements. Please refer to the current edition of the "Internet Official Protocol Standards" (STD 1) for the standardization state and status of this protocol. Distribution of this memo is unlimited. Abstract This document defines the Alternative Network Address Types (ANAT) semantics for the Session Description Protocol (SDP) grouping framework. The ANAT semantics allow alternative types of network addresses to establish a particular media stream.
Protective Cardiovascular Effect of Sleep Apnea Severity in Obesity Hypoventilation Syndrome.

BACKGROUND
Obesity hypoventilation syndrome (OHS) is associated with a high burden of cardiovascular morbidity (CVM) and mortality. The majority of patients with OHS have concomitant OSA, but there is a paucity of data on the association between CVM and OSA severity in patients with OHS. The objective of our study was to assess the association between CVM and OSA severity in a large cohort of patients with OHS.


METHODS
In a cross-sectional analysis, we examined the association between OSA severity based on tertiles of oxygen desaturation index (ODI) and CVM in 302 patients with OHS. Logistic regression models were constructed to quantify the independent association between OSA severity and prevalent CVM after adjusting for various important confounders.


RESULTS
The prevalence of CVM decreased significantly with increasing severity of OSA based on ODI as a continuous variable or ODI tertiles. This inverse relationship between OSA severity and prevalence of CVM was seen in the highest ODI tertile and it persisted despite adjustment for multiple confounders. Chronic heart failure had the strongest negative association with the highest ODI tertile. No significant CVM risk change was observed between the first and second ODI tertiles. Patients in the highest ODI tertile were younger, predominantly male, more obese, more hypersomnolent, had worse nocturnal and daytime gas exchange, lower prevalence of hypertension, better exercise tolerance, and fewer days hospitalized than patients in the lowest ODI tertile.


CONCLUSIONS
In patients with OHS, the highest OSA severity phenotype was associated with reduced risk of CVM. This finding should guide the design of future clinical trials assessing the impact of interventions aimed at decreasing cardiovascular morbidity and mortality in patients with OHS.


TRIAL REGISTRY
Clinicaltrial.gov; No.: NCT01405976; URL: www.clinicaltrials.gov.
25 years of time series forecasting

We review the past 25 years of research into time series forecasting. In this silver jubilee issue, we naturally highlight results published in journals managed by the International Institute of Forecasters (Journal of Forecasting 1982–1985 and International Journal of Forecasting 1985–2005). During this period, over one third of all papers published in these journals concerned time series forecasting. We also review highly influential works on time series forecasting that have been published elsewhere during this period. Enormous progress has been made in many areas, but we find that there are a large number of topics in need of further development. We conclude with comments on possible future research directions in this field. D 2006 International Institute of Forecasters. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
Outcomes in Patients With Chest Pain Discharged After Evaluation Using a High-Sensitivity Troponin T Assay.

BACKGROUND
Most patients with chest pain are discharged from the emergency department (ED) with the diagnosis "unspecified chest pain." It is unknown if evaluation with a high-sensitivity troponin T (hsTnT) assay affects prognosis in this large population.


OBJECTIVES
The aim was to investigate whether the introduction of an hsTnT assay is associated with reduced incidence of major adverse cardiac events (MACEs) and cardiovascular (CV) risk profile in patients with chest pain discharged from the ED.


METHODS
The study included 65,696 patients with "unspecified chest pain" discharged from 16 Swedish hospital EDs between 2006 and 2013 in which an hsTnT assay was introduced as the clinical routine. Patients evaluated with a conventional and an hsTnT assay were compared regarding the occurrence of 30-day MACE and CV risk profile based on information from national registries. Patients directly discharged and those discharged after an initial admission were analyzed separately.


RESULTS
Fewer directly discharged patients experienced a MACE when evaluated with an hsTnT compared with a conventional assay (0.6% vs. 0.9%; odds ratio [OR]: 0.7; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.57 to 0.83). In contrast, more patients discharged after an initial admission experienced a MACE when evaluated with an hsTnT (7.2% vs. 3.4%; OR: 2.18; 95% CI: 1.76 to 2.72). Admitted patients had a higher general CV risk profile when evaluated with hsTnT, whereas directly discharged patients had a lower general CV risk profile with the same test.


CONCLUSIONS
Patients directly discharged from the ED with unspecified chest pain experienced fewer MACEs and had a better risk profile when evaluated with hsTnT. Our findings suggest that more true at-risk patients were identified and admitted. The implementation of hsTnT assays in Swedish hospitals has improved evaluations in the ED.
Study protocol for a randomised controlled trial of internet-based cognitive-behavioural therapy for obsessive-compulsive disorder

BACKGROUND
Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD) is a common chronic psychiatric disorder that constitutes a leading cause of disability. Although Cognitive-Behaviour Therapy (CBT) has been shown to be an effective treatment for OCD, this specialised treatment is unavailable to many due to access issues and the social stigma associated with seeing a mental health specialist. Internet-based psychological treatments have shown to provide effective, accessible and affordable treatment for a range of anxiety disorders, and two Randomised Controlled Trials (RCTs) have demonstrated the efficacy and acceptability of internet-based CBT (iCBT) for OCD, as compared to waitlist or supportive therapy. Although these initial findings are promising, they do not isolate the specific effect of iCBT. This paper details the study protocol for the first randomised control trial evaluating the efficacy of therapist-assisted iCBT for OCD, as compared to a matched control intervention; internet-based therapist-assisted progressive relaxation training (iPRT). It will aim to examine whether therapist-assisted iCBT is an acceptable and efficacious treatment, and to examine how effectiveness is influenced by patient characteristics.


METHOD/DESIGN
A randomised controlled trial using repeated measures with two arms (intervention and matched control) will be used to evaluate the efficacy and acceptability of iCBT for OCD. The RCT will randomise 212 Australian adults with a primary diagnosis of OCD into either the active intervention or control condition, for 12 weeks duration. Outcomes for participants in both study arms will be assessed at baseline and post-intervention. Participants in iCBT will be further assessed at six month follow-up, while participants in the control condition will be crossed over to receive the iCBT intervention and reassessed at post-intervention and six month follow-up. The primary outcome will be clinically significant change in obsessive-compulsive symptom scores.


DISCUSSION
This will be the first known therapist assisted internet-based trial of a comprehensive CBT treatment for OCD as compared to a matched control intervention. Demonstrating the efficacy of an internet-based treatment for OCD will allow the development of models of care for broad-based access to an evidence-based but complex treatment.
The role of professional education in developing compassionate practitioners: a mixed methods study exploring the perceptions xof health professionals and pre-registration students.

Compassionate practice is a public expectation and a core health professional value. However, in the face of growing public and professional unease about a perceived absence of compassion in health care it is essential that the role of education in developing compassionate practitioners is fully understood. The aim of this study was to explore qualified health professionals' and pre-registration students' understanding of compassion and the role of health professional education in promoting compassionate care. A sequential explanatory mixed methods study collected data using surveys and qualitative semi-structured interviews from qualified health professionals (n=155) and pre-registration students (n=197). Participants were from a range of health and social care disciplines and registered at a UK university. The findings indicate a high level of consensus in relation to participants' understanding of compassion in health care. Acting with warmth and empathy, providing individualised patient care and acting in a way you would like others to act towards you, were seen as the most common features of compassionate care. However, ambiguities and contradictions were evident when considering the role of health professional education in promoting compassionate practice. This study adds to the debate and current understanding of the role of education in fostering compassionate health care practice.