LLukas22/scidocs huggingface dataset:
B-coloring of Tight Graphs

A coloring c of a graph G = (V,E) is a b-coloring if in every color class there is a vertex whose neighborhood intersects every other color classes. The b-chromatic number of G, denoted χb(G), is the greatest integer k such that G admits a b-coloring with k colors. A graph G is tight if it has exactly m(G) vertices of degree m(G) − 1, where m(G) is the largest integer m such that G has at least m vertices of degree at least m − 1. Determining the b-chromatic number of a tight graph G is NP-hard even for a connected bipartite graph [15]. In this paper we show that it is also NP-hard for a tight chordal graph. We also show that the b-chromatic number of a split graph can be computed is polynomial. Then we define the b-closure and the partial b-closure of a tight graph, and use these concepts to give a characterization of tight graphs whose b-chromatic number is equal to m(G). This characterization is used to develop polynomial time algorithms for deciding whether χb(G) = m(G), for tight graphs that are complement of bipartite graphs, P4-sparse and block graphs. We generalize the concept of pivoted tree introduced by Irving and Manlove [12] and show its relation with the b-chromatic number of tight graphs. Graph coloring, b-coloring, precoloring extension, tight graphs.
Recommendations for enhancing psychosocial support of NICU parents through staff education and support

Providing psychosocial support to parents whose infants are hospitalized in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) can improve parents’ functioning as well as their relationships with their babies. Yet, few NICUs offer staff education that teaches optimal methods of communication with parents in distress. Limited staff education in how to best provide psychosocial support to families is one factor that may render those who work in the NICU at risk for burnout, compassion fatigue and secondary traumatic stress syndrome. Staff who develop burnout may have further reduced ability to provide effective support to parents and babies. Recommendations for providing NICU staff with education and support are discussed. The goal is to deliver care that exemplifies the belief that providing psychosocial care and support to the family is equal in importance to providing medical care and developmental support to the baby.
Evaluation Measures of Multiple Sequence Alignments

Multiple sequence alignments (MSAs) are frequently used in the study of families of protein sequences or DNA/RNA sequences. They are a fundamental tool for the understanding of the structure, functionality and, ultimately, the evolution of proteins. A new algorithm, the Circular Sum (CS) method, is presented for formally evaluating the quality of an MSA. It is based on the use of a solution to the Traveling Salesman Problem, which identifies a circular tour through an evolutionary tree connecting the sequences in a protein family. With this approach, the calculation of an evolutionary tree and the errors that it would introduce can be avoided altogether. The algorithm gives an upper bound, the best score that can possibly be achieved by any MSA for a given set of protein sequences. Alternatively, if presented with a specific MSA, the algorithm provides a formal score for the MSA, which serves as an absolute measure of the quality of the MSA. The CS measure yields a direct connection between an MSA and the associated evolutionary tree. The measure can be used as a tool for evaluating different methods for producing MSAs. A brief example of the last application is provided. Because it weights all evolutionary events on a tree identically, but does not require the reconstruction of a tree, the CS algorithm has advantages over the frequently used sum-of-pairs measures for scoring MSAs, which weight some evolutionary events more strongly than others. Compared to other weighted sum-of-pairs measures, it has the advantage that no evolutionary tree must be constructed, because we can find a circular tour without knowing the tree.
9.8 Receiver with integrated magnetic-free N-path-filter-based non-reciprocal circulator and baseband self-interference cancellation for full-duplex wireless

Full-duplex (FD) is an emergent wireless communication paradigm where the transmitter (TX) and the receiver (RX) operate at the same time and at the same frequency. The fundamental challenge with FD is the tremendous amount of TX self-interference (SI) at the RX. Low-power applications relax FD system requirements [1], but an FD system with -6dBm transmit power, 10MHz signal bandwidth and 12dB NF budget still requires 86dB of SI suppression to reach the -92dBm noise floor. Recent research has focused on techniques for integrated self-interference cancellation (SIC) in FD receivers [1-3]. Open challenges include achieving the challenging levels of SIC through multi-domain cancellation, and low-loss shared-antenna (ANT) interfaces with high TX-to-RX isolation. Sharedantenna interfaces enable compact form factor, translate easily to MIMO, and ease system design through channel reciprocity.
"Without the clutter of unimportant words": Descriptive keyphrases for text visualization

Keyphrases aid the exploration of text collections by communicating salient aspects of documents and are often used to create effective visualizations of text. While prior work in HCI and visualization has proposed a variety of ways of presenting keyphrases, less attention has been paid to selecting the best descriptive terms. In this article, we investigate the statistical and linguistic properties of keyphrases chosen by human judges and determine which features are most predictive of high-quality descriptive phrases. Based on 5,611 responses from 69 graduate students describing a corpus of dissertation abstracts, we analyze characteristics of human-generated keyphrases, including phrase length, commonness, position, and part of speech. Next, we systematically assess the contribution of each feature within statistical models of keyphrase quality. We then introduce a method for grouping similar terms and varying the specificity of displayed phrases so that applications can select phrases dynamically based on the available screen space and current context of interaction. Precision-recall measures find that our technique generates keyphrases that match those selected by human judges. Crowdsourced ratings of tag cloud visualizations rank our approach above other automatic techniques. Finally, we discuss the role of HCI methods in developing new algorithmic techniques suitable for user-facing applications.
Improved Scoring Models for Semantic Image Retrieval Using Scene Graphs

Image retrieval via a structured query is explored in Johnson, et al. [7]. The query is structured as a scene graph and a graphical model is generated from the scene graph’s object, attribute, and relationship structure. Inference is performed on the graphical model with candidate images and the energy results are used to rank the best matches. In [7], scene graph objects that are not in the set of recognized objects are not represented in the graphical model. This work proposes and tests two approaches for modeling the unrecognized objects in order to leverage the attribute and relationship models to improve image retrieval performance.
Social Media: A Review and Tutorial of Applications in Medicine and Health Care

BACKGROUND
Social media are dynamic and interactive computer-mediated communication tools that have high penetration rates in the general population in high-income and middle-income countries. However, in medicine and health care, a large number of stakeholders (eg, clinicians, administrators, professional colleges, academic institutions, ministries of health, among others) are unaware of social media's relevance, potential applications in their day-to-day activities, as well as the inherent risks and how these may be attenuated and mitigated.


OBJECTIVE
We conducted a narrative review with the aim to present case studies that illustrate how, where, and why social media are being used in the medical and health care sectors.


METHODS
Using a critical-interpretivist framework, we used qualitative methods to synthesize the impact and illustrate, explain, and provide contextual knowledge of the applications and potential implementations of social media in medicine and health care. Both traditional (eg, peer-reviewed) and nontraditional (eg, policies, case studies, and social media content) sources were used, in addition to an environmental scan (using Google and Bing Web searches) of resources.


RESULTS
We reviewed, evaluated, and synthesized 76 articles, 44 websites, and 11 policies/reports. Results and case studies are presented according to 10 different categories of social media: (1) blogs (eg, WordPress), (2) microblogs (eg, Twitter), (3) social networking sites (eg, Facebook), (4) professional networking sites (eg, LinkedIn, Sermo), (5) thematic networking sites (eg, 23andMe), (6) wikis (eg, Wikipedia), (7) mashups (eg, HealthMap), (8) collaborative filtering sites (eg, Digg), (9) media sharing sites (eg, YouTube, Slideshare), and others (eg, SecondLife). Four recommendations are provided and explained for stakeholders wishing to engage with social media while attenuating risk: (1) maintain professionalism at all times, (2) be authentic, have fun, and do not be afraid, (3) ask for help, and (4) focus, grab attention, and engage.


CONCLUSIONS
The role of social media in the medical and health care sectors is far reaching, and many questions in terms of governance, ethics, professionalism, privacy, confidentiality, and information quality remain unanswered. By following the guidelines presented, professionals have a starting point to engage with social media in a safe and ethical manner. Future research will be required to understand the synergies between social media and evidence-based practice, as well as develop institutional policies that benefit patients, clinicians, public health practitioners, and industry alike.
Gravitation - A New Theory. Generation of the Gravitational Acceleration Potential and The Time Dilatation Effect

Following the presentation of the new theory of gravitation in [1], this paper presents a mathematical derivation for the generation by the gravitational source, of the two central parameters in that theory, gravitational Acceleration Potential and the time dilatation effect.
Optimal mechanism design of in-pipe cleaning robot

Recently, interests on cleaning robots workable in pipes (termed as in-pipe cleaning robot) are increasing because Garbage Automatic Collection Facilities (i.e, GACF) are widely being installed in Seoul metropolitan area of Korea. So far research on in-pipe robot has been focused on inspection rather than cleaning. In GACF, when garbage is moving, we have to remove the impurities which are stuck to the inner face of the pipe (diameter: 300mm or 400mm). Thus, in this paper, by using TRIZ (Inventive Theory of Problem Solving in Russian abbreviation), we will propose an in-pipe cleaning robot of GACF with the 6-link sliding mechanism which can be adjusted to fit into the inner face of pipe using pneumatic pressure(not spring). The proposed in-pipe cleaning robot for GACF can have forward/backward movement itself as well as rotation of brush in cleaning. The robot body should have the limited size suitable for the smaller pipe with diameter of 300mm. In addition, for the pipe with diameter of 400mm, the links of robot should stretch to fit into the diameter of the pipe by using the sliding mechanism. Based on the conceptual design using TRIZ, we will set up the initial design of the robot in collaboration with a field engineer of Robot Valley, Inc. in Korea. For the optimal design of in-pipe cleaning robot, the maximum impulsive force of collision between the robot and the inner face of pipe is simulated by using RecurDyn® when the link of sliding mechanism is stretched to fit into the 400mm diameter of the pipe. The stresses exerted on the 6 links of sliding mechanism by the maximum impulsive force will be simulated by using ANSYS® Workbench based on the Design Of Experiment(in short DOE). Finally the optimal dimensions including thicknesses of 4 links will be decided in order to have the best safety factor as 2 in this paper as well as having the minimum mass of 4 links. It will be verified that the optimal design of 4 links has the best safety factor close to 2 as well as having the minimum mass of 4 links, compared with the initial design performed by the expert of Robot Valley, Inc. In addition, the prototype of in-pipe cleaning robot will be stated with further research.
A randomized prospective trial of airway pressure release ventilation and low tidal volume ventilation in adult trauma patients with acute respiratory failure.

BACKGROUND
Airway pressure release ventilation (APRV) is a mode of mechanical ventilation, which has demonstrated potential benefits in trauma patients. We therefore sought to compare relevant pulmonary data and safety outcomes of this modality to the recommendations of the Adult Respiratory Distress Syndrome Network.


METHODS
Patients admitted after traumatic injury requiring mechanical ventilation were randomized under a 72-hour waiver of consent to a respiratory protocol for APRV or low tidal volume ventilation (LOVT). Data were collected regarding demographics, Injury Severity Score, oxygenation, ventilation, airway pressure, failure of modality, tracheostomy, ventilator-associated pneumonia, ventilator days, length of stay (LOS), pneumothorax, and mortality.


RESULTS
Sixty-three patients were enrolled during a 21-month period ending in February 2006. Thirty-one patients were assigned to APRV and 32 to LOVT. Patients were well matched for demographic variables with no differences between groups. Mean Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation II score was higher for APRV than LOVT (20.5 ± 5.35 vs. 16.9 ± 7.17) with a p value = 0.027. Outcome variables showed no differences between APRV and LOVT for ventilator days (10.49 days ± 7.23 days vs. 8.00 days ± 4.01 days), ICU LOS (16.47 days ± 12.83 days vs. 14.18 days ± 13.26 days), pneumothorax (0% vs. 3.1%), ventilator-associated pneumonia per patient (1.00 ± 0.86 vs. 0.56 ± 0.67), percent receiving tracheostomy (61.3% vs. 65.6%), percent failure of modality (12.9% vs. 15.6%), or percent mortality (6.45% vs. 6.25%).


CONCLUSIONS
For patients sustaining significant trauma requiring mechanical ventilation for greater than 72 hours, APRV seems to have a similar safety profile as the LOVT. Trends for APRV patients to have increased ventilator days, ICU LOS, and ventilator-associated pneumonia may be explained by initial worse physiologic derangement demonstrated by higher Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation II scores.
An image tracking system for PTZ cameras Using OpenCV

In this paper, we implement a real-time surveillance system for image object tracking using PTZ (Pan-Tilt-Zoom) cameras. For this, we use the mean shift tracking algorithm based on the color image distribution of detected object. Mean shift algorithm is efficient for real-time tracking because of its fast and stable performance. In this system, OpenCV environment is used for image processing and C is used for accessing the PTZ protocol and RS-485 communication for controlling the position of PTZ camera in order to arrange the moving objects in the middle part of the monitor screen. This system can be applied to an effective and fast image surveillance system for continuous object tracking in a wider area. Key-Words: Image object tracking, PTZ camera, OpenCV, Mean shift algorithm
A theory of computation based on quantum logic (I)

Summary form only given. The (meta) logic underlying classical theory of computation is Boolean (two-valued) logic. Quantum logic was proposed by Birkhoff and von Neumann as a logic of quantum mechanics. It is currently understood as a logic whose truth values are taken from an orthomodular lattice. The major difference between Boolean logic and quantum logic is that the latter does not enjoy distributivity in general. The rapid development of quantum computation in recent years stimulates us to establish a theory of computation based on quantum logic. The present paper is the first step toward such a new theory and it focuses on the simplest models of computation, namely finite automata. We introduce the notion of orthomodular lattice-valued (quantum) automaton. The Kleene theorem about equivalence of regular expressions and finite automata is generalized into quantum logic. We also present a pumping lemma for orthomodular lattice-valued regular languages.
Homomorphic Enhancement of Infrared Images Using the Additive Wavelet Transform

Abstract—This paper presents a new enhancement technique for infrared images. This technique combines the benefits of homomorphic image processing and the additive wavelet transform. The idea behind this technique is based on decomposing the image into subbands in an additive fashion using the additive wavelet transform. This transform gives the image as an addition of subbands of the same resolution. The homomorphic processing is performed on each subband, separately. It is known that the homomorphic processing on images is performed in the log domain which transforms the image into illumination and reflectance components. Enhancement of the reflectance reinforces details in the image. So, applying this process in each subband enhances the details of the image in each subband. Finally, an inverse additive wavelet transform is performed on the homomorphic enhanced subbands to get an infrared image with better visual details.
Guidelines for Adult Stroke Rehabilitation and Recovery.

Purpose—The aim of this guideline is to provide a synopsis of best clinical practices in the rehabilitative care of adults recovering from stroke. Methods—Writing group members were nominated by the committee chair on the basis of their previous work in relevant topic areas and were approved by the American Heart Association (AHA) Stroke Council’s Scientific Statement Oversight Committee and the AHA’s Manuscript Oversight Committee. The panel reviewed relevant articles on adults using computerized searches of the medical literature through 2014. The evidence is organized within the context of the AHA framework and is classified according to the joint AHA/American College of Cardiology and supplementary AHA methods of classifying the level of certainty and the class and level of evidence. The document underwent extensive AHA internal and external peer review, Stroke Council Leadership review, and Scientific Statements Oversight Committee review before consideration and approval by the AHA Science Advisory and Coordinating Committee. Results—Stroke rehabilitation requires a sustained and coordinated effort from a large team, including the patient and his or her goals, family and friends, other caregivers (eg, personal care attendants), physicians, nurses, physical and occupational therapists, speech-language pathologists, recreation therapists, psychologists, nutritionists, social workers, and others. Communication and coordination among these team members are paramount in maximizing the effectiveness and efficiency of rehabilitation and underlie this entire guideline. Without communication and coordination, isolated efforts to rehabilitate the stroke survivor are unlikely to achieve their full potential. Guidelines for Adult Stroke Rehabilitation and Recovery A Guideline for Healthcare Professionals From the American Heart Association/American Stroke Association
Randomised clinical trial: prevention of recurrence of peptic ulcers by rabeprazole in patients taking low-dose aspirin.

BACKGROUND
Few studies have evaluated the effects of rabeprazole on low-dose aspirin (LDA)-induced gastroduodenal injuries.


AIM
To conduct a randomised, double-blind, triple-dummy, active-controlled, multicentre trial, named the PLANETARIUM study, to assess the efficacy, dose-response relationship and safety of rabeprazole for peptic ulcer recurrence in Japanese patients on long-term LDA therapy.


METHODS
Eligible patients had a history of endoscopically confirmed peptic ulcers and were receiving long-term LDA (81 or 100 mg/day) therapy for cardiovascular or cerebrovascular protection. Subjects were randomly segregated into three groups receiving rabeprazole 10 mg once daily (standard dose in Japan), rabeprazole 5 mg once daily, or teprenone (geranylgeranylacetone; mucosal protective agent commercially available in Japan) 50 mg three times per day as an active control. The primary endpoint was recurrence of peptic ulcers over 24 weeks.


RESULTS
Among 472 randomised subjects, 452 subjects (n = 151, 150, 151, respectively) constituted the full analysis set. The cumulative recurrence rates of peptic ulcers over 24 weeks in the 10- and 5-mg rabeprazole groups were 1.4% and 2.8%, respectively, both of which were significantly lower than that in the teprenone group (21.7%). The cumulative occurrence rate of bleeding ulcers over 24 weeks in the teprenone group was 4.6%, while bleeding ulcers were not observed in the 10- or 5-mg rabeprazole groups. Rabeprazole was well tolerated at both doses.


CONCLUSION
Rabeprazole prevents the recurrence of peptic ulcers with no evidence of a major dose-response effect in subjects on low-dose aspirin therapy.
Development and preliminary evaluation of a telephone-based mindfulness training intervention for survivors of critical illness.

RATIONALE
Persistent symptoms of psychological distress represent an unmet need among intensive care unit (ICU) survivors.


OBJECTIVES
We aimed to develop and pilot test a simple telephone-based mindfulness training intervention to address this population's unique needs.


METHODS
Open trial involving survivors of medical and surgical critical illness and their informal caregivers, using a pretest-posttest design.


MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS
We developed a six-session, telephone-delivered, ICU survivor-specific mindfulness intervention based on past focus groups, the medical literature, and the precedent of the most effective components of existing mindfulness programs. A total of 11 survivors of mechanical ventilation were enrolled, together with 2 informal caregivers for exploratory purposes. Three patients dropped out before intervention initiation because of progressive illness or severe social stressors. Of the 10 remaining participants, 8 (80%) completed the program within 7 weeks. Among these eight patients and caregivers who completed all study procedures, six (75%) experienced improvement in symptoms of psychological distress (anxiety, depression, or post-traumatic stress disorder). Changes in distress symptoms were correlated with improvement in mindfulness qualities, adaptive coping, and emotion regulation. Participants reported high satisfaction with the program in postintervention interviews.


CONCLUSIONS
A new ICU survivor-specific mindfulness training intervention delivered by telephone was acceptable and feasible. Changes in symptoms of distress were correlated with changes in skills that were targeted by the mindfulness program. Controlled trials are needed to further evaluate this promising intervention.
SMT-Based Constraint Answer Set Solver EZSMT (System Description)

Constraint answer set programming is a promising research direction that integrates answer set programming with constraint processing. Recently, the formal link between this research area and satisfiability modulo theories (or SMT) was established. This link allows the cross-fertilization between traditionally different solving technologies. The paper presents the system ezsmt, one of the first SMT-based solvers for constraint answer set programming. It also presents the comparative analysis of the performance of ezsmt in relation to its peers including solvers ezcsp, clingcon, and mingo. Experimental results demonstrate that SMT is a viable technology for constraint answer set programming. 1998 ACM Subject Classification D.1.6 [Programming Techniques] Logic Programming, D.3.2 [Programming Languages] Language Classifications – Constraint and Logic Languages, F.4.1 [Mathematical Logic and Formal Languages] Mathematical Logic – Logic and Constraint Programming