LLukas22/scidocs huggingface dataset:
Variable-phase contactless energy transfer desktop part I: Design

In this paper, the design of a variable-phase contactless energy transfer desktop is presented. The CET desktop has the ability to power and recharge small electronic devices, such as cellular phones, music- and multimedia players, PDApsilas and laptops lying on its surface. As the devices are placed on the table, power is transferred through the mutual inductance between their respective embedded windings. Furthermore, by altering the primary windingspsila current phases, it is shown that the stray magnetic field is reduced without affecting the power transfer. This work focuses on the design of the variable-phase contactless energy transfer desktop starting with the theory of operation, optimization of the windings and solving the power transfer equations to comply with the presented system specifications. Thereafter, the variable-phase operations are explained and the implementation of the system shortly discussed. Finally, power transfer simulations are compared against the measured results from the implemented system. The measurements and calculated results show excellent agreement.
5G wireless network: MyNET and SONAC

Future 5G wireless networks will face new challenges, including increasing demand on network capacity to support a large number of devices running applications requiring high data rates and always-on connectivity; immensely diverse service requirements and characteristics; and supporting the emerging business models in the wireless network market requiring networks to be more open. New challenges drive new solutions and require different strategies in the network deployment, management, and operation of future 5G wireless networks compared to those of current wireless networks. One of the key objectives of future 5G wireless networks is to flexibly provide service-customized networks to a wide variety of services using the integrated cloud resource and wireless/wired network resources, which may be offered by multiple infrastructure providers and/or operators. In this article, we describe a novel wireless network architecture, MyNET, and one of the key enabling techniques called SONAC. In MyNET, basic logical functions are identified for both the control plane and the data plane. These basic functions include existing network functions, with some extensions/enhancements, as well as new network functions. SONAC selects and deploys a subset of these functions to provide customized network services.
Comparison of initial versus delayed introduction of a treat-to-target strategy in patients with recent-onset rheumatoid arthritis: results of the T-4 3-year study.

We investigated whether a delayed treat-to-target strategy introduction was disadvantageous compared with the clinical, radiological, and functional efficacy of initial introduction on early rheumatoid arthritis (RA) after a 3-year follow-up (T-4 3-year) study. Between August 2008 and April 2010, 243 early RA patients (symptom duration <3 years) were randomly allocated to one of four strategy groups; we focus here on the routine care (R group) and the disease activity score in 28 joints (DAS28) plus matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-3-driven therapy (T group) (figure 1). The T-4 3-year study followed a 1-year study. At 56 weeks, all subjects were allocated to the T group (R→T, RT group; T→T, TT group, etc.), and visits were every 4 weeks; the clinical variable assessment, each physician’s articular examination and DAS28 calculations were every 12 weeks and at baseline. During the T-4 1-year study, the R group’s therapy was changed as per physicians’ judgement. If the DAS28 or MMP-3
Seeded conversion of recombinant prion protein to a disulfide-bonded oligomer by a reduction-oxidation process

The infectious form of prion protein, PrPSc, self-propagates by its conversion of the normal, cellular prion protein molecule PrPC to another PrPSc molecule. It has not yet been demonstrated that recombinant prion protein can convert prion protein molecules from PrPC to PrPSc. Here we show that recombinant hamster prion protein is converted to a second form, PrPRDX, by a redox process in vitro and that this PrPRDX form seeds the conversion of other PrPC molecules to the PrPRDX form. The converted form shows properties of oligomerization and seeded conversion that are characteristic of PrPSc. We also find that the oligomerization can be reversed in vitro. X-ray fiber diffraction suggests an amyloid-like structure for the oligomerized prion protein. A domain-swapping model involving intermolecular disulfide bonds can account for the stability and coexistence of two molecular forms of prion protein and the capacity of the second form for self-propagation.
Basal metabolic rate studies in humans: measurement and development of new equations.

OBJECTIVE
To facilitate the Food and Agriculture Organization/World Health Organization/United Nations University Joint (FAO/WHO/UNU) Expert Consultation on Energy and Protein Requirements which met in Rome in 1981, Schofield et al. reviewed the literature and produced predictive equations for both sexes for the following ages: 0-3, 3-10, 10-18, 18-30, 30-60 and >60 years. These formed the basis for the equations used in 1985 FAO/WHO/UNU document, Energy and Protein Requirements. While Schofield's analysis has served a significant role in re-establishing the importance of using basal metabolic rate (BMR) to predict human energy requirements, recent workers have subsequently queried the universal validity and application of these equations. A survey of the most recent studies (1980-2000) in BMR suggests that in most cases the current FAO/WHO/UNU predictive equations overestimate BMR in many communities. The FAO/WHO/UNU equations to predict BMR were developed using a database that contained a disproportionate number--3388 out of 7173 (47%)--of Italian subjects. The Schofield database contained relatively few subjects from the tropical region. The objective here is to review the historical development in the measurement and application of BMR and to critically review the Schofield et al. BMR database presenting a series of new equations to predict BMR.


DESIGN
This division, while arbitrary, will enable readers who wish to omit the historical review of BMR to concentrate on the evolution of the new BMR equations.


SETTING
BMR data collected from published and measured values.


SUBJECTS
A series of new equations (Oxford equations) have been developed using a data set of 10,552 BMR values that (1) excluded all the Italian subjects and (2) included a much larger number (4018) of people from the tropics.


RESULTS
In general, the Oxford equations tend to produce lower BMR values than the current FAO/WHO/UNU equations in 18-30 and 30-60 year old males and in all females over 18 years of age.


CONCLUSIONS
This is an opportune moment to re-examine the role and place of BMR measurements in estimating total energy requirements today. The Oxford equations' future use and application will surely depend on their ability to predict more accurately the BMR in contemporary populations.
Dermoscopy of Nodular Hidradenoma, a Great Masquerader: A Morphological Study of 28 Cases.

BACKGROUND
Nodular hidradenoma is an uncommon, benign, adnexal neoplasm of apocrine origin which is a clinical simulator of other tumours.


OBJECTIVE
The aim of this study was to evaluate the morphological findings of a large series of nodular hidradenomas under dermoscopic observation.


METHODS
Dermoscopic examination of 28 cases of nodular hidradenomas was performed to evaluate specific dermoscopic criteria and patterns.


RESULTS
The most frequently occurring dermoscopic features were: (1) in 96.4% of cases, a homogeneous area that covered the lesion partially or totally, the colour of which was pinkish in 46.4% of cases, bluish in 28.6%, red-blue in 14.3%, and brownish in 10.7%; (2) white structures were found in 89.3% of cases; (3) in 82.1% of cases, vascular structures were also observed, especially arborising telangiectasias (39.3%) and polymorphous atypical vessels (28.6%).


CONCLUSION
Nodular hidradenomas represent a dermoscopic pitfall, being difficult to differentiate clinically and dermoscopically from basal cell carcinomas and melanomas.
Preoperative axillary ultrasound in breast cancer: safely avoiding frozen section of sentinel lymph nodes in breast-conserving surgery.

BACKGROUND
The American College of Surgeons Oncology Group Z0011 trial results provided convincing evidence that completion axillary lymph node dissection (CALND) was unnecessary in selected patients with 1 to 2 positive sentinel lymph nodes (SLNs). We hypothesized that preoperative axillary ultrasound (AUS) with fine-needle aspiration is sufficiently sensitive to detect worrisome macrometastasis to preclude the need for frozen-section pathology of SLNs.


STUDY DESIGN
We conducted a retrospective single-institution study at a tertiary academic referral center. A total of 1,140 T1 to 2 breast cancer patients who underwent SLN biopsy with or without CALND from January 1, 2007 to December 31, 2010 were reviewed. All patients had negative preoperative AUS with or without fine-needle aspiration.


RESULTS
One hundred forty-four (13%) patients were node positive at surgery. Mean age, tumor size, histology, and estrogen receptor and progesterone receptor status were similar comparing 996 SLN-negative with 144 (13%) SLN-positive patients. Of the SLN-positive patients, 25% were premenopausal, 9% were estrogen receptor-negative, and 19% had additional lymph nodes at CALND. Only 19 (2%) patients had SLN metastasis ≥6 mm, 10 (1%) had metastasis >7 mm, and only 1 patient had ≥3 positive SLNs.


CONCLUSIONS
The addition of preoperative AUS with or without fine-needle aspiration to management of patients who meet American College of Surgeons Oncology Group Z0011 trial eligibility criteria reduced the risk of macrometastasis measuring ≥6 mm to only 2%; very few of these patients would be premenopausal, have estrogen receptor-negative tumors, or ≥3 positive SLNs. With the addition of AUS with or without fine-needle aspiration, we endorse the conclusions of the American College of Surgeons Oncology Group Z0011 trial to avoid CALND, and see marginal gain in frozen-section analysis of SLNs.
Novel FPGA-Based Low-Cost Hardware Architecture for the PRESENT Block Cipher

This paper presents a novel FPGA-based design for the lightweight block cipher PRESENT and its implementation results. The proposed design allows to study area-performance trade-offs and thus constructing smaller or faster implementations. When optimized by area, the proposed design exhibits smaller latency and fewer FPGA resources than representative related works in the literature.
Analysis of the root-cepstrum for acoustic modeling and fast decoding in speech recognition

Root-cepstral analysis has been proposed previously for speech recognition in car environments [9]. In this paper, we focus on an alternative aspect of Root-cepstrum as it applies to discriminative acoustic modeling and fast speech recognizer decoding. We compare Root-cepstrum to Mel-Frequency cepstrum Coefficients (MFCC) in terms of their noise immunity during modeling and decoding speed. Our experiments use the SPINE [5] corpus which is composed of clean and noisy data with a 5K vocabulary size. Experiments were performed that allow pair-wise comparisons of acoustic models across different feature sets and acoustic units. We observed that for 84% of the phonemes, the average distance to all other acoustic units is increased in the Root-cepstrum domain compared to MFCC resulting in a sharp acoustic model set. Therefore, the ambiguity in the Root-cepstrum space is reduced. Large vocabulary noisy speech recognition experiments showed a 27.5% reduction in real–time processing factor (RTF) compared to MFCC features while improving overall recognition accuracy.
Transdermal rotigotine: double-blind, placebo-controlled trial in Parkinson disease.

OBJECTIVE
To assess the response to the rotigotine transdermal system (Neupro; Schwarz Pharma Ltd, Monheim, Germany), a nonergolinic dopamine agonist, in patients with early Parkinson disease.


DESIGN
Randomized, double-blind, multicenter, placebo-controlled study.


SETTING
Fifty sites in the United States and Canada.


PATIENTS
Two hundred seventy-seven patients with early Parkinson disease. Eligibility was assessed by means of routine clinical and neurological examinations. Patients were randomized 2:1 to receive either rotigotine therapy or placebo.


INTERVENTION
Treatment with the rotigotine transdermal system, 2, 4, or 6 mg during 24 hours, for 24 weeks.


MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE
Percentage of subjects achieving a 20% response or greater (reduction) as assessed with the Unified Parkinson Disease Rating Scale subtotal (parts II [activities of daily living] and III [motor function]) from baseline to the end of the maintenance phase.


RESULTS
Significant differences were observed between the rotigotine-treated and placebo groups for the 20% responder rate (48% for the rotigotine group and 19% for the placebo group; P<.001), least squares mean change in Unified Parkinson Disease Rating Scale subtotal (parts II and III) score (-941 for rotigotine vs -157 for placebo; P<.001), and percentage changes in Unified Parkinson Disease Rating Scale subtotal (parts II and III) score (-15.1% for rotigotine vs 7.3% for placebo; P<.001). Rotigotine treatment significantly increased the patients' Clinical Global Impression Scale scores (57% for rotigotine vs 30% for placebo; P<.001) and had a positive effect on their quality of life. The most common adverse events were application site reactions, nausea, and somnolence. Twenty-five (14%) of 181 patients in the rotigotine group withdrew from the study because of adverse effects.


CONCLUSION
The rotigotine transdermal system consistently demonstrated statistically significant and clinically relevant efficacy over placebo in patients with early Parkinson disease and was well tolerated.
IMEx: Imperfect Microsatellite Extractor

MOTIVATION
Microsatellites, also known as simple sequence repeats, are the tandem repeats of nucleotide motifs of the size 1-6 bp found in every genome known so far. Their importance in genomes is well known. Microsatellites are associated with various disease genes, have been used as molecular markers in linkage analysis and DNA fingerprinting studies, and also seem to play an important role in the genome evolution. Therefore, it is of importance to study distribution, enrichment and polymorphism of microsatellites in the genomes of interest. For this, the prerequisite is the availability of a computational tool for extraction of microsatellites (perfect as well as imperfect) and their related information from whole genome sequences. Examination of available tools revealed certain lacunae in them and prompted us to develop a new tool.


RESULTS
In order to efficiently screen genome sequences for microsatellites (perfect as well as imperfect), we developed a new tool called IMEx (Imperfect Microsatellite Extractor). IMEx uses simple string-matching algorithm with sliding window approach to screen DNA sequences for microsatellites and reports the motif, copy number, genomic location, nearby genes, mutational events and many other features useful for in-depth studies. IMEx is more sensitive, efficient and useful than the available widely used tools. IMEx is available in the form of a stand-alone program as well as in the form of a web-server.


AVAILABILITY
A World Wide Web server and the stand-alone program are available for free access at http://203.197.254.154/IMEX/ or http://www.cdfd.org.in/imex.
A Systematic Review of Healthcare Applications for Smartphones

BACKGROUND
Advanced mobile communications and portable computation are now combined in handheld devices called "smartphones", which are also capable of running third-party software. The number of smartphone users is growing rapidly, including among healthcare professionals. The purpose of this study was to classify smartphone-based healthcare technologies as discussed in academic literature according to their functionalities, and summarize articles in each category.


METHODS
In April 2011, MEDLINE was searched to identify articles that discussed the design, development, evaluation, or use of smartphone-based software for healthcare professionals, medical or nursing students, or patients. A total of 55 articles discussing 83 applications were selected for this study from 2,894 articles initially obtained from the MEDLINE searches.


RESULTS
A total of 83 applications were documented: 57 applications for healthcare professionals focusing on disease diagnosis (21), drug reference (6), medical calculators (8), literature search (6), clinical communication (3), Hospital Information System (HIS) client applications (4), medical training (2) and general healthcare applications (7); 11 applications for medical or nursing students focusing on medical education; and 15 applications for patients focusing on disease management with chronic illness (6), ENT-related (4), fall-related (3), and two other conditions (2). The disease diagnosis, drug reference, and medical calculator applications were reported as most useful by healthcare professionals and medical or nursing students.


CONCLUSIONS
Many medical applications for smartphones have been developed and widely used by health professionals and patients. The use of smartphones is getting more attention in healthcare day by day. Medical applications make smartphones useful tools in the practice of evidence-based medicine at the point of care, in addition to their use in mobile clinical communication. Also, smartphones can play a very important role in patient education, disease self-management, and remote monitoring of patients.
Reduced hippocampal volumes and memory loss in patients with early- and late-onset depression.

BACKGROUND
Hippocampal volume reduction has been reported inconsistently in people with major depression.


AIMS
To evaluate the interrelationships between hippocampal volumes, memory and key clinical, vascular and genetic risk factors.


METHOD
Totals of 66 people with depression and 20 control participants underwent magnetic resonance imaging and clinical assessment. Measures of depression severity, psychomotor retardation, verbal and visual memory and vascular and specific genetic risk factors were collected.


RESULTS
Reduced hippocampal volumes occurred in older people with depression, those with both early-onset and late-onset disorders and those with the melancholic subtype. Reduced hippocampal volumes were associated with deficits in visual and verbal memory performance.


CONCLUSIONS
Although reduced hippocampal volumes are most pronounced in late-onset depression, older people with early-onset disorders also display volume changes and memory loss. No clear vascular or genetic risk factors explain these findings. Hippocampal volume changes may explain how depression emerges as a risk factor to dementia.
Time of Presentation : Saturday , August 13 , 1994

MFOI/PCO2 Plus Postage. Cognitive Ability; Early Childhood Education; *Early Experience; Fine Arts; Humanities; *Motion; *Music; *PerceptuAl Development; Psychomotor Skills; *Spatial Ability; Young Children This research paper reports on testing the hypothesis that music and spatial task performance are causally related. Two complementary studies are presented that replicate and explore previous findings. One study of college students showed that listening to a Mozart sonata induces subsequent short-term spatial reasoning facilitation and tested the effects of highly repetitive music on spatial reasoning. The second study extends the findings of a preliminary pilot study of 1993 which suggested that music training of three-year-olds provides long-term enhancements of nonverbal cognitive abilities already present at significant leveli in infants. The paper concludes with a discussion of the scientific and educational implications, further controls, and future research objectives. Contains 10 references. (EH) Reproductions supplied by EDRS are the best that can be made from the original document. V i Date and Time of Presentation: Saturday, August 13, 1994, Ilam Westin Bonaventure Los Angeles, Lobby Level, Santa Barbara Room B Music and Spatial Task Performance: A Causal Relationship Frances H. Rauscher, Gordon L. Shaw, Linda J. Levine, Katherine N. Ky University of California, Irvine Eric L Wright Irvine Conservatory of Music Presented at the American Psychological Association 102nd Annual Convention in Los Angeles, CA August 12-16, 1994 BEST COPY AVAILABLE 4,0 7 f./.. I. . /, To THE DuC,ATI:!0.4AL RESOuHcES Nf ORMATIoN (.;1NTE4
Filler injections with the blunt-tip microcannula.

BACKGROUND
Microcannulas with blunt tips for filler injections have recently been developed for use with dermal fillers. Their utility, ease of use, cosmetic outcomes, perceived pain, and satisfaction ratings amongst patients in terms of comfort and aesthetic outcomes when compared to sharp hypodermic needles has not previously been investigated.


OBJECTIVE
To compare injections of filler with microcannulas versus hypodermic needles in terms of ease of use, amount of filler required to achieve desired aesthetic outcome, perceived pain by patient, adverse events such as bleeding and bruising and to demonstrate the advantages of single-port injection technique with the blunt-tip microcannula.


MATERIALS AND METHODS
Ninety-five patients aged 30 to 76 years with a desire to augment facial, décolleté, and hand features were enrolled in the study. Subjects were recruited in a consecutive manner from patients interested in receiving dermal filler augmentation. Each site was cleaned with alcohol before injection. Anesthesia was obtained with a topical anesthesia peel off mask of lidocaine/tetracaine. Cross-linked hyaluronic acid (20 mg to 28 mg per mL) was injected into the mid-dermis. The microcannula or a hypodermic needle was inserted the entire length of the fold, depression or lip and the filler was injected in a linear retrograde fashion. The volume injected was variable, depending on the depth and the extent of the defect. The injecting physician assessed the ease of injection. Subjects used the Visual Analog Scale (0-10) for pain assessment. Clinical efficacy was assessed by the patients and the investigators immediately after injection, and at one and six months after injection using the Global Aesthetic Improvement Scale (GAIS) and digital photography.


RESULTS
Overall, the Global Aesthetic Improvements Scale (GAIS) results were excellent (55%), moderate (35%), and somewhat improved (10%) one month after the procedure, decreasing to 23%, 44%, and 33%, respectively, at the six month evaluation. There was no significant differences in the GAIS score between the microcannula and the hypodermic needle. However, the Visual Analog Scale for pain assessment during the injections was quite different. The pain was described as 3 (mild) for injections with the microcannula, increasing to 6 (moderate) for injections with the hypodermic needle. Bruising and ecchymosis was more marked following use of the hypodermic needle.


CONCLUSION
Using the blunt-tip microcannula as an alternative to the hypodermic needles has simplified filler injections and produced less bruising, echymosis, and pain with faster recovery.