LLukas22/scidocs huggingface dataset:
An investigation of the relationship between the caseload model of midwifery for socially disadvantaged women and childbirth outcomes using routine data--a retrospective, observational study.

OBJECTIVE
the objective of this study was to describe and compare childbirth outcomes and processes for women with complex social factors who received caseload midwifery care, and standard maternity care in the UK.


BACKGROUND
women with complex social factors experience high rates of morbidity, mortality and poor birth outcomes. A caseload team was established to support these women throughout pregnancy and childbirth by providing continuity and individualised care.


METHODS
data was collected from computerised birth details of 194 women with complex social factors who presented for maternity care between May 2012 and June 2013; 96 received standard care and 98 caseload care. SPSS v21 was used to calculate descriptive and inferential statistics. Logistic regression modelling found no differences in demographics, therefore unadjusted statistics are presented. Comparative analysis between women receiving caseload care and those receiving standard care was accomplished using χ2 test, relative risk (RR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI).


RESULTS
the relationship between type of care and outcome was not changed by the inclusion of confounding factors. Women receiving caseload care were more likely to experience; spontaneous vaginal childbirth (80% versus 55% RR 1.88, 95% CI 1.27-2.77, P=<0.001), use water for pain relief (32% versus 10%, RR 4.10 95% CI 1.95-8.64, p=<0.001), birth in the midwife led centre (26% versus 13% RR 1.48 95% CI 1.12-1.95, p=0.023), assessment by 10 weeks gestation (24% versus 8% RR 1.61 95% CI 1.24-2.10, p=0.008), shorter postnatal stay (1 day versus 3 days SD 1.2 versus 2.2, p=<0.001), and know their midwife (90% versus 8% RR 8.98 95% CI 4.97-16.2, p=<0.001). More women in the caseload group were referred to multidisciplinary support services; psychiatry (56% versus 19% RR 2.06 95% CI 1.59-2.65, p=<0.001), domestic violence advocacy (42% versus 18% RR 1.68 CI 1.31-2.15, p=<0.001) and other services (56% versus 31% RR 1.58 95% CI 1.15-2.16, p=0.03). They were less likely to have a caesarean section (11% versus 33% RR 0.26 95% CI 0.12-0.55, P=<0.001), an epidural/spinal for pain relief (35% versus 56%, RR 0.64 95% CI 0.46-0.86, p=0.004), give birth on the labour ward (70% versus 88% RR 0.63 95% CI 0.49-0.83, p=0.006), and had fewer antenatal admissions (0.9(SD 1.1) versus 1.3(SD1.5), p=0.036) and neonatal unit admissions (4% versus 18%, RR 0.35 95% CI 0.15-0.85, p=0.005).


CONCLUSION
caseload midwifery care appeared to confer increased benefit and reduced harmful outcomes. Findings for individual outcomes differed from previous literature depending on outcome, suggesting caseload care may affect women in different ways depending on their individual needs.
Prostate motion during radiotherapy of prostate cancer patients with and without application of a hydrogel spacer: a comparative study

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE
The use of a tissue expander (hydrogel) for sparing of the rectum from increased irradiation during prostate radiotherapy is becoming popular. The goal of this study is to investigate the effect of a tissue expander (hydrogel) on the intrafraction prostate motion during radiotherapy.


METHODS AND MATERIAL
Real time prostate motion was analysed for 26 patients and 742 fractions; 12 patients with and 14 patients without hydrogel (SpaceOAR™). The intra-fraction motion was quantified and compared between the two groups.


RESULTS
The average (±standard deviation) of the mean motion during the treatment for patients with and without hydrogel was 1.5 (±0.8 mm) and 1.1 (±0.9 mm) respectively (p < 0.05). The average time of motion >3 mm for patients with and without hydrogel was 7.7 % (±1.1 %) and 4.5 % (±0.9 %) respectively (p > 0.05). The hydrogel age, fraction number and treatment time were found to have no effect (R (2)  < 0.05) on the prostate motion.


CONCLUSIONS
Differences in intrafraction motion in patients with hydrogel and without hydrogel were within measurement uncertainty (<1 mm). This result confirms that the addition of a spacer does not negate the need for intrafraction motion management if clinically indicated.
Samuel Smiles and the Origins of “Self-Help”: Reform and the New Enlightenment

[J.S.] Mill played two philosophic roles. Sometimes he preferred the role of Coleridgian philosopher who was broadly concerned with human culture and, within the context it provided, with “moral regeneration” as the most appropriate means for the improvement of mankind. On other occasions he gave greater prominence to a more narrowly conceived philosophic role; then he emphasized change in political institutions, instead of moral regeneration, as the means of improving mankind.* Samuel Smiles' popular book Self-Help (1859) is usually cited as a convenient example of mid-Victorian individualism and middle class values. Yet the source and meaning of the self-help ideal is not to be found in the 1850's. Instead, the historian must first turn to eighteenth century values. The article will therefore trace the intellectual origins of Smiles' ideal of self-help, and show that it was strongly influenced by Enlightenment concepts. Secondly, and a central theme of the article, it will be argued that Smiles' ideal of self-help in fact consisted of two avenues to reform-one active and one passive-and that these avenues to reform can only be understood in the context of the intellectual origins of the self-help ideal. Thirdly, the paper will analyse the continuing relationship between the active and passive components of Smiles' avenues to reform, and will contend that between the 1830's and the publication of Self-Help , Smiles' ideal of self-help as two modes of reform remained consistent. In order to support these claims the article will trace the development of Smiles' thought, concentrating firstly on Smiles' earliest book, Physical Education (1838), then on his time as editor of the reforming Leeds Times (1839-1845), and finally on his place in the health and education reform movements of the late 1840's and early 1850's leading into the writing of Self-Help (1859).
Nurses' attitudes and perceptions of pain assessment in neonatal intensive care.

BACKGROUND
Pain assessment of premature infants continue to be ineffective. The problem may be partly because of misconceptions or lack of knowledge in the assessment of pain in children.


AIMS
This paper reports a study to describe nurses' attitudes towards and perceptions of pain assessment in neonatal intensive care and the demographic factors related to these attitudes and perceptions of pain.


METHODS
The participants consisted of 257 Finnish nurses who were recruited from all five of the country's university hospitals caring for the premature infants receiving intensive care or monitoring. We collected data by using a Likert-type questionnaire in spring 2006. The response rate was 71% from the represented population.


FINDINGS
Almost all (97%) of the nurses agreed that pain assessment in premature infants is important. However, over half (60%) of the respondents agreed that they could assess the premature infants pain reliably without pain scores. The respondents' perceptions of the premature infants' ability to sense and express pain indicated rather good knowledge of the topic. Nevertheless, one-fourth of the participants was unaware that a premature infant could be more sensitive in sensing pain than a full term counterpart. Education, work experience and the working unit were the demographic factors that were significantly related to the respondents' attitudes and perceptions.


CONCLUSIONS
On average nurses' attitudes were positive towards the pain assessment in neonatal intensive care. However, there were some gaps in the knowledge concerning the respondents' perceptions of the items, which is a challenge to nursing and nursing education.
Light Field Stereo Matching Using Bilateral Statistics of Surface Cameras

In this paper, we introduce a bilateral consistency metric on the surface camera (SCam) [26] for light field stereo matching to handle significant occlusions. The concept of SCam is used to model angular radiance distribution with respect to a 3D point. Our bilateral consistency metric is used to indicate the probability of occlusions by analyzing the SCams. We further show how to distinguish between on-surface and free space, textured and non-textured, and Lambertian and specular through bilateral SCam analysis. To speed up the matching process, we apply the edge preserving guided filter [14] on the consistency-disparity curves. Experimental results show that our technique outperforms both the state-of-the-art and the recent light field stereo matching methods, especially near occlusion boundaries.
Single Password Authentication

Users frequently reuse their passwords when authenticating to various online services. Combined with the use of weak passwords or honeypot/phishing attacks, this brings high risks to the security of the user’s account information. In this paper, we propose several protocols that can allow a user to use a single password to authenticate to multiple services securely. All our constructions provably protect the user from dictionary attacks on the password, and cross-site impersonation or honeypot attacks by the online service providers. Our solutions assume the user has access to either an untrusted online cloud storage service (as per Boyen [14]), or a mobile storage device that is trusted until stolen. In the cloud storage scenario, we consider schemes that optimize for either storage server or online service performance, as well as anonymity and unlinkability of the user’s actions. In the mobile storage scenario, we minimize the assumptions we make about the capabilities of the mobile device: we do not assume synchronization, tamper resistance, special or expensive hardware, or extensive cryptographic capabilities. Most importantly, the user’s password remains secure even after the mobile device is stolen. Our protocols provide another layer of security against malware and phishing. To the best of our knowledge, we are the first to propose such various and provably secure password-based authentication schemes. Lastly, we argue that our constructions are relatively easy to deploy, especially if a few single sign-on services (e.g., Microsoft, Google, Facebook) adopt our proposal.
Lumbar Stabilization Exercises in Addition to Strengthening and Stretching Exercises Reduce Pain and Increase Function in Patients With Chronic Low Back Pain : Randomized Clinical

Objective: Lumbar stabilization exercises aim to activate and strengthen the deep abdominal and back muscles. Exercise program presented in this study combines activation of specific lumbar stabilizing muscles with traditional strengthening and stretching exercises. The main goal of this study was to establish the effect of stabilization exercises on pain reduction and improving functionality in patients with Chronic Low Back Pain (CLBP). Materials and Methods: This prospective randomized clinical study was conducted in the Clinical Center Nis, from January 2007 until March 2009. 160 patients with CLBP were eligible and met the inclusion criteria. The study group (S; n=100) had specific lumbar stabilization exercises, while the patients in the control group (C; n=60) performed traditional program for CLBP, based on the strengthening and stretching of the large, superficial back muscles. For monitoring the patients, the Oswestry Disability Index (ODI) and Short-form 36 (SF-36) were used. Results: After the therapy, pain was successfully reduced in both groups with higher statistical significance in the study group (p<0.001). Improvement in ODI score was statistically more significant in the study group compared to the control group (p<0.001). Conclusion: Stabilization exercises in addition to the traditional programs are proven to be effective in pain reduction and functional improvement in patients with CLBP. Turk J Phys Med Re hab 2012;58:177-83.
Life-crossroads on stage: integrating life review and drama therapy for older adults.

OBJECTIVE
This paper examines the contribution of a new group of therapeutic interventions for older adults, based on a rudimentary life-review intervention. The intervention includes narrative elements together with drama therapy. The current study examines the influence of this therapeutic intervention on key indicators of mental health and psychological well-being among older adults.


METHOD
Fifty-five people (n = 55), ranging in age from 62 to 93, participated in a before-after study design. The following indices - meaning in life, self-acceptance, relationships with others, depressive symptoms, and experience of successful aging - were compared between an intervention group (n = 27) and a care-as-usual control group (n = 28).


RESULTS
Repeated measures analyses of variance showed a significant improvement over time in the experimental group. In addition, results also showed time-group interaction regarding the treatment's effectiveness for self-acceptance, relationships with others, sense of meaning in life, sense of successful aging, and depressive symptoms.


CONCLUSION
Our findings confirm that the new therapeutic intervention, which integrates life-review with drama therapy, increases self-acceptance, relationships with others, sense of meaning in life, and sense of successful aging; in turn, it also decreases depressive symptoms among older adults. The contribution of this research is based on the development of a therapeutic intervention that combines narrative together with drama therapy tools, which can be used in focused and short-term group treatments with the elderly.
Wideband crossed-guide waveguide directional couplers

Crossed-guide X-band waveguide couplers with bandwidths of up to 40% and coupling factors of better than 5 dB are presented. The tight coupling and wide bandwidth are achieved by using reduced height waveguide. Design graphs and measured data are presented.
Micro Underwater Vehicle Hydrobatics: A Submerged Furuta Pendulum

We present the new HippoCampus micro underwater vehicle, first introduced in [1]. It is designed for monitoring confined fluid volumes. These tightly constrained settings demand agile vehicle dynamics. Moreover, we adapt a robust attitude control scheme for aerial drones to the underwater domain. We demonstrate the performance of the controller with a challenging maneuver. A submerged Furuta pendulum is stabilized by HippoCampus after a swing-up. The experimental results reveal the robustness of the control method, as the system quickly recovers from strong physical disturbances, which are applied to the system.
Quality Metrics for Object-Oriented Environments

I. INTRODUCTION Object-oriented design and development are popular concepts in today's software development environment. They are often heralded as the silver bullet for solving software problems. While in reality there is no silver bullet, object-oriented development has proved its value for systems that must be maintained and modified. Object-oriented software development requires a different approach from more traditional functional decomposition and data flow development methods. This includes the software metrics used to evaluate object-oriented software.
New developments related to the Hirsch index

The Hirsch index (in short h-index) was introduced by Jorge E. Hirsch (2005) as an indicator for lifetime achievement, as measured by the number of received citations. More precisely, Hirsch defined the h-index as follows: A scientist has index h if h of his/her papers have at least h citations each, and the other papers have fewer than h citations each. It was soon pointed out (Glänzel, 2006) that this definition is not quite precise. Indeed, consider Table 1a.
Time series sales forecasting for short shelf-life food products based on artificial neural networks and evolutionary computing

Due to the strong competition that exists today, most manufacturing organizations are in a continuous effort for increasing their profits and reducing their costs. Accurate sales forecasting is certainly an inexpensive way to meet the aforementioned goals, since this leads to improved customer service, reduced lost sales and product returns and more efficient production planning. Especially for the food industry, successful sales forecasting systems can be very beneficial, due to the short shelf-life of many food products and the importance of the product quality which is closely related to human health. In this paper we present a complete framework that can be used for developing nonlinear time series sales forecasting models. The method is a combination of two artificial intelligence technologies, namely the radial basis function (RBF) neural network architecture and a specially designed genetic algorithm (GA). The methodology is applied successfully to sales data of fresh milk provided by a major manufacturing company of dairy products. 2005 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Deep Metric Learning via Facility Location

Learning image similarity metrics in an end-to-end fashion with deep networks has demonstrated excellent results on tasks such as clustering and retrieval. However, current methods, all focus on a very local view of the data. In this paper, we propose a new metric learning scheme, based on structured prediction, that is aware of the global structure of the embedding space, and which is designed to optimize a clustering quality metric (NMI). We show state of the art performance on standard datasets, such as CUB200-2011 [37], Cars196 [18], and Stanford online products [30] on NMI and R@K evaluation metrics.
L-type calcium channel mutations in Japanese patients with inherited arrhythmias.

BACKGROUND
Mutations in genes encoding the L-type cardiac calcium channel (LTCC) are associated with various types of inherited arrhythmias, including Brugada syndrome (BrS). However, the frequency in Asian populations remains unknown. This study aimed to elucidate disease-causing mutations in LTCC-related genes in Japanese patients diagnosed as BrS or idiopathic ventricular fibrillation (IVF), early repolarization syndrome, short QT syndrome, and compare them with those carrying SCN5A mutations.


METHODS AND RESULTS
We screened CACNA1C and CACNB2b in 312 probands and compared the clinical characteristics between probands with gene mutations in CACNA1C or SCN5A. In results, we identified 6 CACNA1C mutations in 7 unrelated probands and SCN5A mutations in 20 probands. There were no CACNB2b mutation carriers. In topology, half of the mutations were located in the C-terminus. Among 7 CACNA1C mutation carriers, 2 were female and 3 were symptomatic; 2 patients were resuscitated from ventricular fibrillation, and 1 patient had syncope. Compared with SCN5A mutation carriers, there were no significant differences in the ECG characteristics. 2 of 3 symptomatic CACNA1C patients were female, but all female SCN5A mutation carriers remained asymptomatic.


CONCLUSIONS
We identified 6 CACNA1C mutations in BrS and IVF patients and their phenotypes were varied. Although mutation frequency was not high, screening of LTCC channel genes may be clinically important to prevent unexpected sudden death.
Electrical muscle stimulation preserves the muscle mass of critically ill patients: a randomized study

INTRODUCTION
Critically ill patients are characterized by increased loss of muscle mass, partially attributed to sepsis and multiple organ failure, as well as immobilization. Recent studies have shown that electrical muscle stimulation (EMS) may be an alternative to active exercise in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and chronic heart failure (CHF) patients with myopathy. The aim of our study was to investigate the EMS effects on muscle mass preservation of critically ill patients with the use of ultrasonography (US).


METHODS
Forty-nine critically ill patients (age: 59 +/- 21 years) with an APACHE II admission score >or=13 were randomly assigned after stratification upon admission to receive daily EMS sessions of both lower extremities (EMS-group) or to the control group (control group). Muscle mass was evaluated with US, by measuring the cross sectional diameter (CSD) of the vastus intermedius and the rectus femoris of the quadriceps muscle.


RESULTS
Twenty-six patients were finally evaluated. Right rectus femoris and right vastus intermedius CSD decreased in both groups (EMS group: from 1.42 +/- 0.48 to 1.31 +/- 0.45 cm, P = 0.001 control group: from 1.59 +/- 0.53 to 1.37 +/- 0.5 cm, P = 0.002; EMS group: from 0.91 +/- 0.39 to 0.81 +/- 0.38 cm, P = 0.001 control group: from 1.40 +/- 0.64 to 1.11 +/- 0.56 cm, P = 0.004, respectively). However, the CSD of the right rectus femoris decreased significantly less in the EMS group (-0.11 +/- 0.06 cm, -8 +/- 3.9%) as compared to the control group (-0.21 +/- 0.10 cm, -13.9 +/- 6.4%; P < 0.05) and the CSD of the right vastus intermedius decreased significantly less in the EMS group (-0.10 +/- 0.05 cm, -12.5 +/- 7.4%) as compared to the control group (-0.29 +/- 0.28 cm, -21.5 +/- 15.3%; P < 0.05).


CONCLUSIONS
EMS is well tolerated and seems to preserve the muscle mass of critically ill patients. The potential use of EMS as a preventive and rehabilitation tool in ICU patients with polyneuromyopathy needs to be further investigated.


TRIAL REGISTRATION
clinicaltrials.gov: NCT00882830.
Best Available Techniques (BAT) Reference Document for the Production of Cement, Lime and Magnesium Oxide: IndustrialEmissions Directive 2010/75/EU:(Integrated Pollution Prevention and Control)

The BREF entitled ‘Production of Cement, Lime and Magnesium Oxide’ forms part of a series presenting the results of an exchange of information between EU Member States, the industries concerned, non-governmental organisations promoting environmental protection and the Commission, to draw up, review, and where necessary, update BAT reference documents as required by Article 13(1) of the Directive. This document is published by the European Commission pursuant to Article 13(6) of the Directive. This BREF for the production of cement, lime and magnesium oxide covers the following specified in Annex I to Directive 2010/75/EU, namely:  3.1. Production of cement, lime and magnesium oxide: (a) production of cement clinker in rotary kilns with a production capacity exceeding 500 tonnes per day or in other kilns with a production capacity exceeding 50 tonnes per day; (b) production of lime in kilns with a production capacity exceeding 50 tonnes per day; (c) production of magnesium oxide in kilns with a production capacity exceeding 50 tonnes per day. The document also covers some activities that may be directly associated to these activities on the same site. Important issues for the implementation of Directive 2010/75/EU in the production of cement, lime and magnesium oxide are the reduction of emissions to air; efficient energy and raw material usage; minimisation, recovery and the recycling of process residues; as well as effective environmental and energy management systems. The BREF document contains 4 main chapters: Chapter 1 – Cement Industry, Chapter 2 – Lime Industry and Chapter 3 – Magnesium Oxide Industry (dry process route based on mined natural magnesite). Sections 1 and 2 of Chapters 1 – 3 provide general information on the industrial sector concerned and on the industrial processes and techniques used within this sector. Sections 3 of Chapters 1 – 3 provide data and information concerning the environmental performance of installations within the sector. Sections 4 of Chapters 1 – 3 describe the techniques to prevent or, where this is not practicable, to reduce the environmental impact of installations in this sector that were considered in determining the BAT. Sections 5 of Chapters 1 – 3 present information on 'emerging techniques' as defined in Article 3(14) of the Directive. Chapter 4 presents the BAT conclusions as defined in Article 3(12) of the Directive.