LLukas22/scidocs huggingface dataset:
Adaptive Data Broadcast in Hybrid Networks

With the immense popularity of the Web, the world is witnessing an unprecedented demand for data services. At the same time, theInternet is evolving towards an information super-highway that incorporates a wide mixture of existing and emerging communication technologies, including wireless, mobile, and hybrid networking. Taking advantage of these new technologies, we are proposing a hybrid scheme which effectively combines broadcast for massive data dissemination and unicast for individual data delivery. In this paper;we describe a technique that uses the broadcast medium for storage of frequently requested data, and an algorithm that continuously adapts the broadcast content to match the hot-spot of the database. We show that the hot-spot can be accurately obtained by monitoring the “broadcast misses” observed through direct requests. This is a departure from other broadcast-based systems which rely on efficient scheduling based on precompiled ‘user profiles. We also show that the proposed scheme performs effectively even under very dynamic and rapidly changing workloads. Extensive simulation results demonstrate both the scalability and versatility of the technique.
Medicinal and Aromatic Plants — Future Opportunities

During the past 30 years, medicinal and aromatic plants in the United States have moved from essentially unknown, minor agricultural plants into crops that many farmers consider producing as an alternative to usual plantings of food and feed crops. The attraction of medicinal and aromatic plants as worthy farm crops has grown due to the demand created by consumer interest in these plants for culinary, medicinal, and other anthropogenic applications. As racial diversity in the US has expanded, immigrants from countries in which herbs and herbal medicines are commonly used to flavor foods and treat illnesses have introduced other Americans to a diverse range of plant materials. Indeed, market trend surveys indicate that mainstream American consumers will purchase 75% of the ethnic foods during the next decade (Packaged Facts 2004a). Farmers growing medicinal and aromatic plants, similar to farmers in other agricultural systems, begin each growing season with hopes for success in producing a crop that brought to market will more than repay the expense of production. Yet, in addition to traditional cropping uncertainties of weather, pests, and other limitations, the medicinal and aromatic plant farmer also faces changes in consumer interest, international trade policies, and other issues that control demand. For these reasons, an understanding of future opportunities in the medicinal and aromatic plant industry (WHO 2003) is necessary to enable US growers to envision and invest in medicinal and aromatic crops that will meet market demands.
RSSC BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS OF IONIZING RADIATION 08/11 5-1 CHAPTER 5 BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS OF IONIZING RADIATION

III. Determinants of Biological Effects ........................................................................................ 5-4 A. Rate of Absorption ..................................................................................................... 5-5 B. Area Exposed ............................................................................................................. 5-5 C. Variation in Species and Individual Sensitivity ......................................................... 5-5 D. Variation in Cell Sensitivity ....................................................................................... 5-5
Physics-Driven CFD Modeling of Complex Anatomical Cardiovascular Flows—A TCPC Case Study

Recent developments in medical image acquisition combined with the latest advancements in numerical methods for solving the Navier-Stokes equations have created unprecedented opportunities for developing simple and reliable computational fluid dynamics (CFD) tools for meeting patient-specific surgical planning objectives. However, for CFD to reach its full potential and gain the trust and confidence of medical practitioners, physics-driven numerical modeling is required. This study reports on the experience gained from an ongoing integrated CFD modeling effort aimed at developing an advanced numerical simulation tool capable of accurately predicting flow characteristics in an anatomically correct total cavopulmonary connection (TCPC). An anatomical intra-atrial TCPC model is reconstructed from a stack of magnetic resonance (MR) images acquired in vivo. An exact replica of the computational geometry was built using transparent rapid prototyping. Following the same approach as in earlier studies on idealized models, flow structures, pressure drops, and energy losses were assessed both numerically and experimentally, then compared. Numerical studies were performed with both a first-order accurate commercial software and a recently developed, second-order accurate, in-house flow solver. The commercial CFD model could, with reasonable accuracy, capture global flow quantities of interest such as control volume power losses and pressure drops and time-averaged flow patterns. However, for steady inflow conditions, both flow visualization experiments and particle image velocimetry (PIV) measurements revealed unsteady, complex, and highly 3D flow structures, which could not be captured by this numerical model with the available computational resources and additional modeling efforts that are described. Preliminary time-accurate computations with the in-house flow solver were shown to capture for the first time these complex flow features and yielded solutions in good agreement with the experimental observations. Flow fields obtained were similar for the studied total cardiac output range (1–3 l/min); however hydrodynamic power loss increased dramatically with increasing cardiac output, suggesting significant energy demand at exercise conditions. The simulation of cardiovascular flows poses a formidable challenge to even the most advanced CFD tools currently available. A successful prediction requires a two-pronged, physics-based approach, which integrates high-resolution CFD tools and high-resolution laboratory measurements.
Clinical predictors of termination and clinical outcome of catheter ablation for persistent atrial fibrillation.

OBJECTIVES
This study evaluated the role of pre-procedural clinical variables to predict procedural and clinical outcomes of catheter ablation in patients with long-lasting persistent atrial fibrillation (AF).


BACKGROUND
Catheter ablation of persistent AF remains a challenging task.


METHODS
Catheter ablation was performed in 90 patients (76 men, age 57 +/- 11 years) with long-lasting persistent AF. The history of AF, echocardiographic parameters, presence of structural heart disease, and surface electrocardiogram (ECG) AF cycle length (CL) were assessed before ablation and analyzed with respect to procedural termination and clinical outcome. Mean follow-up was 28 +/- 4 months.


RESULTS
Persistent AF was terminated in 76 of 90 patients (84%) by ablation. The duration of continuous AF was shorter (p < 0.0001), the surface ECG AFCL was longer (p < 0.0001), and the left atrium was smaller (p < 0.01) in patients in whom AF was terminated by catheter ablation. The surface ECG AFCL was the only independent predictor of AF termination (p < 0.01). Maintenance of sinus rhythm was associated with a shorter duration of continuous AF (p < 0.0001), a longer surface ECG AFCL (p < 0.001), and a smaller left atrium (p < 0.05) compared with those with recurrent arrhythmia. In multivariate analysis, the surface ECG AFCL and the AF duration predicted clinical success of persistent AF ablation (p < 0.01 and p < 0.05, respectively).


CONCLUSIONS
The surface ECG AFCL is a clinically useful pre-ablation tool for predicting patients in whom sinus rhythm can be restored by catheter ablation. The duration of continuous AF and the surface ECG AFCL are predictive of maintenance of sinus rhythm.
A dataflow toolkit for visualization

A toolkit known as apE is presented. Originally, this was an acronym for animation production environment, but apE has become known as a software designed for more than just animation. Previous work is briefly reviewed, and the processing of designing the system is discussed. Common elements in building any graphics system as well as elements particular to building a large system are examined. The design and construction of apE 1.1 and apE 2.0 are described. The policy governing the distribution of apE and the advantages of academic software development are discussed.<<ETX>>
From Group Recommendations to Group Formation

There has been significant recent interest in the area of group recommendations, where, given groups of users of a recommender system, one wants to recommend top-$k$ items to a group that maximize the satisfaction of the group members, according to a chosen semantics of group satisfaction. Examples semantics of satisfaction of a recommended itemset to a group include the so-called least misery (LM) and aggregate voting (AV). We consider the complementary problem of how to form groups such that the users in the formed groups are most satisfied with the suggested top-k recommendations. We assume that the recommendations will be generated according to one of the two group recommendation semantics -- LM or AV. Rather than assuming groups are given, or rely on ad hoc group formation dynamics, our framework allows a strategic approach for forming groups of users in order to maximize satisfaction. We show that the problem is NP-hard to solve optimally under both semantics. Furthermore, we develop two efficient algorithms for group formation under LM and show that they achieve bounded absolute error. We develop efficient heuristic algorithms for group formation under AV. We validate our results and demonstrate the scalability and effectiveness of our group formation algorithms on two large real data sets.
The Teaching of History in Contemporary Russia: Trends and Perspectives

The Teaching of History in Contemporary Russia: Trends and Perspectives. Edited by Vera Kaplan, Pinchas Agmon, and Liubov Ermolaeva. (The Cummings Center for Russian and East European Studies: Tel-Aviv University, 1999). 270 pp. Introduction. Notes on contributors. This collection, comprising fourteen articles, is the result of an international conference that was held in St. Petersburg, in October 1997, and organized by the Cummings Center for Russian and East European Studies at Tel-Aviv University in cooperation with the Herzen State Pedagogical University of Russia. Twelve of the contributions are written in Russian. One of them begins with the words "crisis of historical education in Russia." The theme of crisis and of a painful transitional period is sure to accompany the reader throughout this collection. Leaving behind outworn slogans, illusions, and doubts, Russian scholars are eager to write and teach history in a new way. The contributors to the collection are passionate about their subject; they share the conviction that, by teaching history, they mould the future of Russia In the Introduction Very Kaplan elegantly reviews the collection's articles. She stresses that the common "point of departure" for the authors was the role of ideology in the teaching of history (p. 1). The first article, "The Study of History Teaching in Contemporary Russia: Background, Trends, and Challenges" by Pinchas Agmon, acquaints the reader with recent changes in the Russian educational system. He discusses the reform of education in conjunction with the "new popular interest in the past," which had been unleashed by perestroika. His article helps one understand how and why the teaching of history has become the core of Russia's educational reform. Shocking revelations and shattered myths have made the old history textbooks superfluous-so much so, in fact, that in 1988 history exams were disqualified (p. 15). New historical narratives were urgently needed. A.P. Shevyrev begins his article "Tendencies and Perspectives of the Advancement of Historical Educational Literature in Russia" with reminiscences of 1988 when he was part of a group seeking to elaborate a new concept of history teaching. When the project was finished in 1989, the group's recommendations --such as "the humanization of history," by which was meant the emancipation of history from the dictatorship of ideology-could not be openly stated. At that stage, the concept of competing alternative textbooks seemed so radical that even the authors themselves did not believe that their ideas could be implemented. But, in approximately three years, what the authors had dreamt about, and more, came true. Looking back on the sweeping changes, which did not always exactly follow the projects, Shevyrev casts some doubt on their depth and radicalism. Yes, alternative textbooks exist, but not many schools can buy them because of financial difficulties. Yes, Marxist methodology was rejected but many conceptual problems remain. …
Does asymmetric basal ganglia or thalamic activation aid in seizure foci lateralization on ictal SPECT studies?

UNLABELLED
Basal ganglia or thalamic activation has been reported in ictal SPECT studies of patients with intractable epilepsy. We hypothesized that lateralization of activation of these subcortical structures may aid in the lateralization of seizure foci in patients in whom the cortical focus is subtle or equivocal.


METHODS
This was a retrospective analysis of 72 ictal (99m)Tc-ethylcysteinate dimer SPECT studies in 43 patients with intractable epilepsy in whom seizure laterality could be eventually determined. All patients underwent video-electroencephalography (EEG) monitoring, MRI, and one or more ictal SPECT scans as well as an interictal SPECT scan. Intracranial electrode EEG monitoring and surgery were performed as clinically indicated. Ictal and interictal studies were coregistered with patients' MRI scans using automated software, and ictal minus interictal subtraction images were obtained. The presence of asymmetric basal ganglia or thalamic activation was determined by 2 experienced observers who were unaware of clinical information. The final seizure focus was determined by surgical cure in 37 patients. In patients in whom surgery was not indicated or initial surgery was performed at another institution (n = 6), a consistent focus detected by intracranial electrode monitoring or repeated stereotypical seizures all originating from the same site on video-surface EEG monitoring was considered to indicate the final seizure focus.


RESULTS
Thirty-five patients had neocortical seizures and 8 had mesial temporal lobe seizures. Asymmetric basal ganglia activation was seen in 22 (30.6%) studies. This activation was ipsilateral to the final determined seizure focus in 17 of 22 of these studies (77.3%) and contralateral in 5 of 22 (21.7%). Asymmetric thalamic activation was seen in 15 studies (20.8%), of which 12 of 15 (80%) were ipsilateral to the final seizure focus, whereas 3 of 15 (20%) were contralateral. In 3 of 5 studies with contralateral basal ganglia activation and 1 of 3 studies with contralateral thalamic activation, the SPECT study as a whole was found to be falsely localizing. In another 2 cases of contralateral subcortical activation, the SPECT study as a whole was considered nonlocalizing. Worse outcome was not observed in patients with false ictal SPECT subcortical lateralization; however, the presence of asymmetric subcortical uptake, regardless of relationship to seizure focus, was associated with decreased incidence of seizures at 1 y after surgery.


CONCLUSION
Although asymmetric basal ganglia or thalamic activation is common, it is rarely the sole indicator of seizure localization. However, it may be a useful confirmatory sign in subtle cases of cortical localization. In cases of false ictal SPECT subcortical lateralization, the basal ganglia appear to follow cortical activation pattern. Furthermore, there appears to be a correlation between lateralizing uptake in subcortical structures on ictal SPECT and postsurgical outcome in intractable epilepsy patients.
Topology driven 3D mesh hierarchical segmentation

In this paper, we propose to address the semantic- oriented 3D mesh hierarchical segmentation problem, using enhanced topological skeletons. This high level information drives both the feature boundary computation as well as the feature hierarchy definition. Proposed hierarchical scheme is based on the key idea that the topology of a feature is a more important decomposition criterion than its geometry. First, the enhanced topological skeleton of the input triangulated surface is constructed. Then it is used to delimit the core of the object and to identify junction areas. This second step results in a fine segmentation of the object. Finally, a fine to coarse strategy enables a semantic- oriented hierarchical composition of features, subdividing human limbs into arms and hands for example. Method performance is evaluated according to seven criteria enumerated in latest segmentation surveys [3]. Thanks to the high level description it uses as an input, presented approach results, with low computation times, in robust and meaningful compatible hierarchical decompositions.
Dispositional factors predicting use of online dating sites and behaviors related to online dating

Although prior research has examined how individual difference factors are related to relationship initiation and formation over the Internet (e.g., online dating sites, social networking sites), little research has examined how dispositional factors are related to other aspects of online dating. The present research therefore sought to examine the relationship between several dispositional factors, such as Big-Five personality traits, self-esteem, rejection sensitivity, and attachment styles, and the use of online dating sites and online dating behaviors. Rejection sensitivity was the only dispositional variable predictive of use of online dating sites whereby those higher in rejection sensitivity are more likely to use online dating sites than those lower in rejection sensitivity. We also found that those higher in rejection sensitivity, those lower in conscientiousness, and men indicated being more likely to engage in potentially risky behaviors related to meeting an online dating partner face-to-face. Further research is needed to further explore the relationships between these dispositional factors and online dating behaviors. 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Antiproliferative Effect of Lapatinib in HER2-Positive and HER2-Negative/HER3-High Breast Cancer: Results of the Presurgical Randomized MAPLE Trial (CRUK E/06/039).

PURPOSE
Not all breast cancers respond to lapatinib. A change in Ki67 after short-term exposure may elucidate a biomarker profile for responsive versus nonresponsive tumors.


EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN
Women with primary breast cancer were randomized (3:1) to 10 to 14 days of preoperative lapatinib or placebo in a multicenter phase II trial (ISRCTN68509377). Biopsies pre-/posttreatment were analyzed for Ki67, apoptosis, HER2, EGFR, ER, PgR, pAKT, pERK, and stathmin by IHC. Further markers were measured by RT-PCR. Primary endpoint was change in Ki67. HER2(+) was defined as 2+/3+ by IHC and FISH(+).


RESULTS
One hundred twenty-one patients (lapatinib, 94; placebo, 27) were randomized; of these, 21% were HER2(+), 78% were HER2(-) nonamplified, 26% were EGFR(+). Paired samples containing tumor were obtained for 98% (118 of 121). Ki67 fell significantly with lapatinib (-31%; P < 0.001), but not with placebo (-3%). Whereas Ki67 reduction with lapatinib was greatest in HER2(+) breast cancer (-46%; P = 0.003), there was a significant Ki67 decrease in HER2(-) breast cancer (-27%; P = 0.017) with 14% of HER2(-) breast cancer demonstrating ≥50% Ki67 reduction with lapatinib. Among HER2(+) patients, the only biomarker predictive of Ki67 response was the EGFR/HER4 ligand epiregulin (EREG) (rho = -0.7; P = 0.002). Among HER2(-) tumors, only HER3 mRNA levels were significantly associated with Ki67 response on multivariate analysis (P = 0.01). In HER2(-) breast cancer, HER2 and HER3 mRNA levels were highly correlated (rho = 0.67, P < 0.001), with all Ki67 responders having elevated HER3 and HER2 expression.


CONCLUSIONS
Lapatinib has antiproliferative effects in a subgroup of HER2(-) nonamplified tumors characterized by high HER3 expression. The possible role of high HER2:HER3 heterodimers in predicting response to lapatinib merits investigation in HER2(-) tumors.
AN OVERVIEW OF CORPORATE GOVERNANCE PRACTICES OF SELECTED ISLAMIC BANKS: CASE OF RHB ISLAMIC BANK, MASRAF AL RAYAN AND EUROPEAN ISLAMIC INVESTMENT BANK

Complying with CG standards is not mandatory but with collapse of many financial institutions, compliance with high standards of CG in banking operation became a necessity. This is due to the fact that many banks and companies worldwide collapsed as a result of poor corporate governance practices such as Bank of Credit and Commerce International (BCCI) 1991, Enron 2001, WorldCom 2001, etc. Therefore, the objective of this paper is to examine and ascertain whether present level of CG standards practiced by Islamic banks is adequate to prevent the banks from collapsing. The approach of the study is to evaluate the effectiveness of Board and the various Board Committees utilizing data published in financial statement of the selected banks. The study finds out that the selected banks comply with CG standards adopted, however such compliance does not mean that the board, committees will be constantly reliable. Therefore, instilling the Islamic values such as the concepts of Ehsan, honesty, accountability is paramount to prevent CG failures and protect banks from collapsing. Keywords: corporate governance, Islamic banks, board, committees.
Non-Intrusive Appliance Load Identification with the Ensemble of Classifiers

The paper presents the application of the classifier fusion to identify electrical appliances present in the household. The analysis is based on the processing of features extracted from the current signal, recorded by the dedicated data acquisition hardware, installed in the vicinity of the energy meter. The selected features are based on the medium frequency measurements. The proposed identification module uses three classifiers of the same type: decision trees, rules and random forest. Experimental results prove the effectiveness of combining various classifiers to the same task and show their advantages and drawbacks. Keywords—NIALM; artificial intelligence; classification; medium frequency measurements