LLukas22/scidocs huggingface dataset:
Some medical inpatients with unhealthy alcohol use may benefit from brief intervention.

OBJECTIVE
Studies of alcohol brief intervention for medical inpatients have mixed results. We explored potential moderators of the effectiveness of brief intervention for unhealthy alcohol use among medical inpatients.


METHOD
This is a secondary analysis of a randomized controlled trial of brief motivational counseling among 341 urban-hospital medical inpatients (99 women) with unhealthy alcohol use. Self-reported main outcomes were receipt of alcohol treatment by 3 months in subjects with dependence and change in the mean number of drinks per day 3 and 12 months after enrollment in all subjects.


RESULTS
Among subjects with dependence, the effect of brief intervention on receipt of alcohol treatment differed significantly by gender and age (p = .02 for each interaction). In stratified analyses, brief intervention was associated with receipt of alcohol treatment in women (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] = 3.9, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.2-12.7), and younger (<44 years) subjects (AOR = 3.6, 95% CI: 1.3-10.1). Among subjects with nondependent, unhealthy alcohol use, brief intervention was significantly associated with fewer drinks per day and better physical health-related quality of life at 3 months. However, among those with dependence, intervention was associated with worse physical health-related quality of life and more hospital use, and no changes in drinking. In adjusted analyses among those with and without dependence, brief intervention was not associated with mental health-related quality of life, alcohol problems, or readiness to change. Effects of brief intervention on consumption outcomes were not consistently moderated by demographic characteristics, comorbidity/health, or readiness to change.


CONCLUSIONS
Some medical inpatients with unhealthy alcohol use, particularly women, younger adults, and patients without dependence may benefit from brief intervention. Few factors that were expected to moderate brief intervention effects did so. Additional research should assess which medical inpatients, if any, can benefit from brief intervention.
Improvement in academic behaviors after successful treatment of convergence insufficiency.

PURPOSE
To determine whether treatment of symptomatic convergence insufficiency (CI) has an effect on Academic Behavior Survey (ABS) scores.


METHODS
The ABS is a six-item survey developed by the Convergence Insufficiency Treatment Trial Group that quantifies the frequency of adverse school behaviors and parental concern about school performance on an ordinal scale from 0 (never) to 4 (always) with total scores ranging from 0 to 24. The ABS was administered at baseline and after 12 weeks of treatment to the parents of 218 children aged 9 to 17 years with symptomatic CI, who were enrolled in the Convergence Insufficiency Treatment Trial and randomized into (1) home-based pencil push-ups; (2) home-based computer vergence/accommodative therapy and pencil push-ups; (3) office-based vergence/accommodative therapy with home reinforcement; and (4) office-based placebo therapy with home reinforcement. Participants were classified as successful (n = 42), improved (n = 60), or non-responder (n = 116) at the completion of 12 weeks of treatment using a composite measure of the symptom score, nearpoint of convergence, and positive fusional vergence. Analysis of covariance methods were used to compare the mean change in ABS between response to treatment groups while controlling for the ABS score at baseline.


RESULTS
The mean ABS score for the entire group at baseline was 12.85 (SD = 6.3). The mean ABS score decreased (improved) in those categorized as successful, improved, and non-responder by 4.0, 2.9, and 1.3 points, respectively. The improvement in the ABS score was significantly related to treatment outcome (p < 0.0001), with the ABS score being significantly lower (better) for children who were successful or improved after treatment as compared to children who were non-responders (p = 0.002 and 0.043, respectively).


CONCLUSIONS
A successful or improved outcome after CI treatment was associated with a reduction in the frequency of adverse academic behaviors and parental concern associated with reading and school work as reported by parents.
An automated model using electronic medical record data identifies patients with cirrhosis at high risk for readmission.

BACKGROUND & AIMS
Patients with cirrhosis have 1-month rates of readmission as high as 35%. Early identification of high-risk patients could permit interventions to reduce readmission. The aim of our study was to construct an automated 30-day readmission risk model for cirrhotic patients using electronic medical record (EMR) data available early during hospitalization.


METHODS
We identified patients with cirrhosis admitted to a large safety-net hospital from January 2008 through December 2009. A multiple logistic regression model for 30-day rehospitalization was developed using medical and socioeconomic factors available within 48 hours of admission and tested on a validation cohort. Discrimination was assessed using receiver operator characteristic curve analysis.


RESULTS
We identified 836 cirrhotic patients with 1291 unique admission encounters. Rehospitalization occurred within 30 days for 27% of patients. Significant predictors of 30-day readmission included the number of address changes in the prior year (odds ratio [OR], 1.13; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.05-1.21), number of admissions in the prior year (OR, 1.14; 95% CI, 1.05-1.24), Medicaid insurance (OR, 1.53; 95% CI, 1.10-2.13), thrombocytopenia (OR, 0.50; 95% CI, 0.35-0.72), low level of alanine aminotransferase (OR, 2.56; 95% CI, 1.09-6.00), anemia (OR, 1.63; 95% CI, 1.17-2.27), hyponatremia (OR, 1.78; 95% CI, 1.14-2.80), and Model for End-stage Liver Disease score (OR, 1.04; 95% CI, 1.01-1.06). The risk model predicted 30-day readmission, with c-statistics of 0.68 (95% CI, 0.64-0.72) and 0.66 (95% CI, 0.59-0.73) in the derivation and validation cohorts, respectively.


CONCLUSIONS
Clinical and social factors available early during admission and extractable from an EMR predicted 30-day readmission in cirrhotic patients with moderate accuracy. Decision support tools that use EMR-automated data are useful for risk stratification of patients with cirrhosis early during hospitalization.
Accelerating Nussinov RNA secondary structure prediction with systolic arrays on FPGAs

RNA structure prediction, or folding, is a compute-intensive task that lies at the core of several search applications in bioinformatics. We begin to address the need for high-throughput RNA folding by accelerating the Nussinov folding algorithm using a 2D systolic array architecture. We adapt classic results on parallel string parenthesization to produce efficient systolic arrays for the Nussinov algorithm, elaborating these array designs to produce fully realized FPGA implementations. Our designs achieve estimated speedups up to 39times on a Xilinx Virtex-II 6000 FPGA over a modern x86 CPU.
Use of CAD/CAM technologies in pediatric dentistry

RESULTS: The first computer system helping with restorations – CEREC (initially Siemens, now Sirona) was implemented about 30 years ago. Many systems are already available to use both in the dental office and the technician’s laboratory. Now every type of ceramic material can be used in a restoration for almost all indications of aesthetic dentistry. The functional and aesthetic restorations for severely damaged primary and permanent children’s teeth require materials which must be biocompatible, mechanically durable during mastication and with unchanging colour. In the literature data there are evidences about Computer Aided Design/Computer Aided Manufacturing (CAD/CAM) technology usage in pediatric dentistry for dental restorations of extensive carious lesions, eroded and abraded teeth, primary teeth with absence of a permanent successor, dental dysplasia or dental trauma of hard tooth tissues.
Double-opposing rotation-advancement flaps for closure of forehead defects.

OBJECTIVE
To describe a local flap for closure of forehead defects of all sizes that does not alter the brow position or hairline.


METHODS
Retrospective review of 16 cases in which the double-opposing rotation-advancement flaps were used for closure of small (<10 cm2), medium (10-20 cm2), and large (>20 cm2) forehead defects. This technique was developed from Orticochea's method for closure of large scalp wounds.


RESULTS
All 16 patients underwent single-stage closure of forehead defects using our design. Six patients were men, 8 were women (mean age, 71 years). Preoperative defect sizes ranged from 3 to 30 cm2 (mean, 18 cm2). All wounds resulted from Mohs surgery for cutaneous malignant neoplasms; 2 were adjacent to previous reconstructions. No recurrence of tumor was seen during the study period. No permanent frontal branch injuries occurred. One patient developed a moderate cellulitis. Photographic analysis showed that brow position and hairline contour were maintained in all cases.


CONCLUSIONS
The double-opposing rotation-advancement flap closure is a versatile reconstructive option for small, medium, and large forehead defects. The technique involves elevation of opposing, asymmetric flaps, with subsequent rotation of one side and advancement of the contralateral side. Single-stage closure may be accomplished without unappealing changes to the brow position or hairline.
Telemanipulation with Time Delays

In this paper we survey the development of the wave variable concept and examine wave-based teleoperation. We study the behavior of force reflecting systems under unknown but constant transmission delays, ranging from periods less than the human reaction time to several seconds. Passive transmission procedures guarantee system stability, but wave reflections and spurious dynamics may interfere with normal operation. Using wave variables for the analysis and implementation, and making appropriate design choices, a system with consistent and predictable behavior is constructed. This design methodology aims to create a virtual tool which accounts for the implicit limitations imposed by the delay. These developments also form the basis for extensions to wave-based prediction and application to variable delays, such as those inherent to Internet-based telemanipulation. KEY WORDS—teleoperation, force reflection, time delay, wave variables, passivity, impedence matching, virtual tool
Brain-Computer Interfacing

Recently, CNN reported on the future of brain-computer interfaces (BCIs) [1]. Brain-computer interfaces are devices that process a user’s brain signals to allow direct communication and interaction with the environment. BCIs bypass the normal neuromuscular output pathways and rely on digital signal processing and machine learning to translate brain signals to action (Figure 1). Historically, BCIs were developed with biomedical applications in mind, such as restoring communication in completely paralyzed individuals and replacing lost motor function. More recent applications have targeted non-disabled individuals by exploring the use of BCIs as a novel input device for entertainment and gaming.
Vitamin K1 to slow vascular calcification in haemodialysis patients (VitaVasK trial): a rationale and study protocol.

BACKGROUND
Patients on haemodialysis (HD) exhibit increased cardiovascular mortality associated with accelerated vascular calcification (VC). VC is influenced by inhibitors such as matrix Gla protein (MGP), a protein activated in the presence of vitamin K. HD patients exhibit marked vitamin K deficiency, and supplementation with vitamin K reduces inactive MGP levels in these patients. The VitaVasK trial analyses whether vitamin K1 supplementation affects the progression of coronary and aortic calcification in HD patients.


METHODS
VitaVasK is a prospective, randomized, parallel group, multicentre trial (EudraCT No.: 2010-021264-14) that will include 348 HD patients in an open-label, two-arm design. After baseline multi-slice computed tomography (MSCT) of the heart and thoracic aorta, patients with a coronary calcification volume score of at least 100 will be randomized to continue on standard care or to receive additional supplementation with 5 mg vitamin K1 orally thrice weekly. Treatment duration will be 18 months, and MSCT scans will be repeated after 12 and 18 months. Primary end points are the progression of thoracic aortic and coronary artery calcification (calculated as absolute changes in the volume scores at the 18-month MSCT versus the baseline MSCT). Secondary end points comprise changes in Agatston score, mitral and aortic valve calcification as well as major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) and all-cause mortality. VitaVask also aims to record MACE and all-cause mortality in the follow-up period at 3 and 5 years after treatment initiation. This trial may lead to the identification of an inexpensive and safe treatment or prophylaxis of VC in HD patients.
Fall Avoidance Control of Wheeled Inverted Pendulum Type Robotic Wheelchair While Climbing Stairs

The wheelchair is the major means of transport for physically disabled people. However, it cannot overcome architectural barriers such as curbs and stairs. In this paper, the authors proposed a method to avoid falling down of a wheeled inverted pendulum type robotic wheelchair for climbing stairs. The problem of this system is that the feedback gain of the wheels cannot be set high due to modeling errors and gear backlash, which results in the movement of wheels. Therefore, the wheels slide down the stairs or collide with the side of the stairs, and finally the wheelchair falls down. To avoid falling down, the authors proposed a slider control strategy based on skyhook model in order to decrease the movement of wheels, and a rotary link control strategy based on the staircase dimensions in order to avoid collision or slide down. The effectiveness of the proposed fall avoidance control strategy was validated by ODE simulations and the prototype wheelchair. Keywords—EPW, fall avoidance control, skyhook, wheeled inverted pendulum.
Characterization of adhesion molecules on human myeloma cell lines.

In multiple myeloma, malignant plasma cells are localized in marrow and rarely circulate in peripheral blood. To investigate the role of adhesion proteins in this process, we determined the expression and function of adhesion molecules on cell lines derived from patients with myeloma. The U266, ARH-77, IM-9, and HS-Sultan cell lines strongly expressed beta 1 and alpha 4 integrins (89% to 98% positive), confirming that VLA-4 is the principal integrin on these cell lines. The U266 and IM-9 cell lines also expressed alpha 3 integrin on 15% to 20% cells. In contrast, all lines lacked cell surface alpha 2, alpha 5, and alpha 6 integrin expression (< 5% positive). These cell lines adhered to fibronectin (20% to 40% specific binding), without significant binding to either collagen or laminin. Adhesion of these cell lines to fibronectin was partially blocked with either anti-beta 1 integrin monoclonal antibody (MoAb) (75% inhibition), anti-alpha 4 integrin MoAb (75% inhibition), or RGD peptide (50% inhibition), but was unaffected by anti-alpha v beta 3 or anti-alpha IIb beta 3 MoAbs. Moreover, the combination of anti-beta 1 plus RGD peptide or anti-alpha 4 plus RGD peptide inhibited binding to fibronectin by 80% and 95%, respectively. Finally, pretreatment and coculture of the IM-9 cell line with interleukin-6 (IL-6) resulted in a 52% decrease in specific binding to fibronectin (30% +/- 6% to 15% +/- 6%; P = .001), associated with a decrease in the number of cells expressing VLA-4 and a decrease in intensity of VLA-4 expression. These data suggest that myeloma cells adhere to fibronectin through VLA-4 as well as through RGD-dependent mechanisms, and that this binding can be downregulated by IL-6. Future studies of binding of both myeloma cell lines and freshly isolated tumor cells to extracellular matrix proteins and to marrow stroma may enhance our understanding of localization and trafficking of cells within the bone marrow microenvironment.
Digital reading: An overview

Purpose: Digital reading is an important research topic in contemporary information science research. This paper aims to provide a snapshot of major studies on digital reading over the past few years. Design/methodology/approach: This paper begins by introducing the background in digital reading, then outlines major research findings. Findings: The paper demonstrates the growth of interest in information science and other disciplines in digital reading behavior. Five areas are highlighted: Digital reading behavior, print vs. digital, preference for reading medium, multi-tasking and learning, and technological advancement and traditional attachment. Research limitations: Only major studies in the North American and European countries are covered. Practical implications: Understanding reading behavior in the digital environment would help develop more effective reading devices and empower readers in the online environment. Originality/value: The paper represents a first attempt to compare, evaluate, and synthesize recent studies on digital reading. Implications for the changes in reading behavior are discussed, and directions for future research are suggested.
MULTIPLE OBJECT TRACKING WITH OCCLUSIONS USING HOG DESCRIPTORS AND MULTI RESOLUTION IMAGES

We present a multiple object tracking algorithm working with occlusions. Firstly, for each detected object we compute feature points using FAST algorithm [1]. Secondly, for each feature point we build a descriptor based on Histogram of Oriented Gradients (HOG) [2]. Thirdly, we track feature points using these descriptors. Object tracking is possible even if objects are occluded. If few objects are merged and detected as a single one, we assign newly detected feature points in such single object to one of these occluded objects. We apply a probabilistic method for this task using information from the previous frames like object size and motion (speed and orientation). We use multi resolution images to decrease the processing time. Our approach is tested on the synthetic video sequence, the KTH dataset [3] and the CAVIAR dataset [4]. All tests confirm the effectiveness of our approach.
Randomised comparison of the effects of nicardipine and esmolol on coronary artery wall stress: implications for the risk of plaque rupture.

OBJECTIVE
To determine whether the beta blocker esmolol reduces coronary artery wall stress more than the short acting dihydropyridine calcium antagonist nicardipine.


DESIGN
Randomised double blind placebo controlled trial.


SETTING
Tertiary cardiology centre.


PATIENTS
Patients with coronary artery disease.


INTERVENTIONS
20 patients were randomised double blind to an infusion of nicardipine (n = 10) or esmolol (n = 10) titrated to reduce systolic blood pressure by 20 mm Hg.


MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES
Peak systolic wall circumferential stress.


RESULTS
Esmolol reduced peak coronary stress by a mean of 0.17 x 10(6) dyn/cm(2) (95% confidence interval (CI) 0.14 to 0.21 x 10(6) dyn/cm(2)) compared with a reduction of 0.07 x 10(6) dyn/cm(2) (95% CI 0.05 to 0.10 x 10(6) dyn/cm(2)) after nicardipine. Peak systolic radius was reduced by 0.04 mm (95% CI 0.03 to 0.06 mm) after esmolol compared with an increase of 0.08 mm (95% CI 0.05 to 0.10 mm) after nicardipine. Heart rate increased by 11.5 beats/min (95% CI 6.9 to 16.2 beats/min) after nicardipine and decreased by 5.3 beats/min (95% CI 1.9 to 8.6 beats/min) after esmolol.


CONCLUSIONS
Intravenous esmolol is more effective than nicardipine at reducing circumferential coronary artery wall stress.
A Short Review on "A Novel Approach in Oral Fast Dissolving Drug Delivery System and Their Patents" - Semantic Scholar

Fast dissolving oral films (FDOFs) are the most advanced form of oral solid dosage form due to more flexibility and comfort. It improve the efficacy of APIs by dissolving within minute in oral cavity after the contact with less saliva as compared to fast dissolving tablets, without chewing and no need of water for administration. The FDOFs place as an alternative in the market due to the consumer’s preference for a fastdissolving product over conventional tablets / capsules. The oral thin-film technology is still in the beginning stages and has bright future ahead because it fulfils all the need of patients. Eventually, film formulations having drug/s will be commercially launched using the oral film technology. However, for future growth point of view the oral thin film sector is well-positioned. In US market the OTC films of pain management and motion sickness are commercialized. More importantly, prescription OTFs have now been approved in US, EU and Japan which are the three major regions. These approved Rx films, have potential to dominate over other oral dosage forms of the same drugs. It seems that the value of the overall oral thin film market will grow significantly.
Frequency dependent grid-impedance determination with pulse-width-modulation-signals

The power quality in electrical grids is increasingly influenced by generators and loads with power electronic grid coupling. Even comparatively small harmonic currents caused by these units can lead to unacceptable high voltage harmonics at the point of common coupling (PCC) due to highly resistive resonance points of the grid impedance. Therefore, the effective grid perturbation is defined by the frequency dependent grid impedance at the PCC. In this contribution an approach is presented and analyzed to measure the frequency and time dependent grid impedance. The measured grid impedance is an important parameter for filter and controller design and can help to evaluate power quality problems of generators and loads in advance.
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Семантика и особенности употребления метафоры «Волки» «Овцы» в «Так называемом ином Сказании»

The article analyzes the characteristics of the use of metaphor «wolves» «sheep» by the author of «The other legend». The metaphor goes back primarily to the biblical texts and has a long literary tradition of use in ancient hagiographic, oratorical works and war stories.