LLukas22/scidocs huggingface dataset:
The Glaucoma Symptom Scale. A brief index of glaucoma-specific symptoms.

OBJECTIVE
To develop a brief symptom survey specific for persons with glaucoma, the Glaucoma Symptom Scale (GSS).


DESIGN
Cross-sectional study of symptoms, functional impairment, and vision-targeted health-related quality of life among persons with glaucoma.


PATIENTS
A sample of 147 persons with glaucoma among a broad range of treatment categories from 4 tertiary care glaucoma centers and 44 persons without eye disease enrolled from the same 4 centers.


MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES
Participants completed a modified version of the Ocular Hypertension Treatment Study 10-item symptom checklist. Participants also completed 2 vision-specific measures, the National Eye Institute Visual Function Questionnaire and the VF-14. Participants underwent a clinical evaluation, including ocular and medical history, dilated ophthalmic examination, and Humphrey 24-2 automated visual field testing.


RESULTS
The GSS has 2 underlying domains that demonstrate sufficient internal consistency reliability for between-group comparisons. The GSS discriminates well between persons with and without glaucoma. Additionally, tests of association with clinical markers of glaucoma severity support the clinical validity of the measure and tests of association with established vision-targeted measures provide evidence of construct validity.


CONCLUSION
The simplicity, brevity, and psychometric properties of the GSS support its use in clinical practice and research to quantify symptoms in patients with glaucoma and to assist in investigations concerning the effect of glaucoma and treatments.
Collaborative depression care for the old-old: findings from the IMPACT trial.

OBJECTIVES
To compare the clinical outcomes of young-old patients (aged 60-74 years) and old-old patients (aged 75 years and older) who received collaborative care management for depression.


DESIGN
Multisite randomized clinical trial.


SETTING
Eighteen primary care clinics from eight healthcare organizations.


PARTICIPANTS
Nine hundred six patients (N = 606 young-old; N = 300 old-old) with major depression and/or dysthymia who were randomized to receive collaborative care in the Improving Mood: Promoting Access to Collaborative Treatment trial.


INTERVENTION
Patients had access for 12 months to a depression clinical specialist who coordinated depression care with their primary care physician.


MEASUREMENTS
Young-old and old-old patients were compared on process of care and outcome variables. Process of care was determined by the type of treatment and level of care received. Clinical outcomes included Symptom Checklist (SCL)-20 depression scores, treatment response (defined as a >or=50% decrease in the SCL-20 score from baseline), and complete remission (defined as a SCL-20 score <0.5) at 3-, 6-, 12-, 18-, and 24-month follow-up.


RESULTS
The process of care variables did not significantly differ between the two age groups. Young-old patients had similar treatment responses at initial follow-up (3 months) but were significantly more likely to respond to treatment and meet complete remission criteria than old-old patients at 6-, 12-, 18-, and 24-months.


CONCLUSIONS
Young-old and old-old patients who receive collaborative depression care have a similar initial clinical response, but old-old patients may have a lower rate of long-term treatment response and complete remission in the long run.
Agile methods tailoring - A systematic literature review

Background: The software development industry has been adopting agile methods instead of traditional software development methods because they are more flexible and can bring benefits such as handling requirements changes, productivity gains and business alignment. Objective: This study seeks to evaluate, synthesize, and present aspects of research on agile methods tailoring including the method tailoring approaches adopted and the criteria used for agile practice selection. Method: The method adopted was a Systematic Literature Review (SLR) on studies published from 2002 to 2014. Results: 56 out of 783 papers have been identified as describing agile method tailoring approaches. These studies have been identified as case studies regarding the empirical research, as solution proposals regarding the research type, and as evaluation studies regarding the research validation type. Most of the papers used method engineering to implement tailoring and were not specific to any agile method on their scope. Conclusion: Most of agile methods tailoring research papers proposed or improved a technique, were implemented as case studies analyzing one case in details and validated their findings using evaluation. Method engineering was the base for tailoring, the approaches are independent of agile method and the main criteria used are internal environment and objectives variables. © 2015 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
cooling options and challenges of high power semiconductor modules

Introduction Trends in power electronics systems and devices over the last decade have placed increasing demands on the efficiencies of the thermal management systems used for power MOSFET and IGBT modules. The pressure to decrease the size of power electronics systems and, subsequently, the module, has resulted in a 50% footprint area reduction of some IGBT modules. This has resulted in higher power dissipation densities for the IGBT die as well as the module due to denser packing of the die. Increases in switching frequencies and voltage ratings of IGBTs also result in higher power dissipation at the die level. Even though a portion of the die power losses has been offset by advances in both MOSFET and IGBT chip design, the cooling capabilities of present modules limit the device performance. Power modules used in Hybrid Electric Vehicles (HEV) provide an additional challenge in that the inlet temperature of the coolant can be over 100C, requiring low temperature differentials (20 – 30C) between the die and the coolant to keep the IGBT comfortably below the maximum operating temperature of 150C, while simultaneously dissipating high heat fluxes. In other HEV designs, less efficient liquids, namely oil or transmission fluid, may be the only coolants available for cooling the power module. Faced with the challenges of efficiently and economically cooling increasing power dissipation densities with low temperature differentials, power semiconductor module designers are turning to new heat sink technologies. In this article, several methods for reducing the thermal resistance of power modules are presented and compared in the context of a baseline 1200V isolated base IGBT power module design.
Dialogue Generation With GAN

This paper presents a Generative Adversarial Network (GAN) to model multi-turn dialogue generation, which trains a latent hierarchical recurrent encoder-decoder simultaneously with a discriminative classifier that make the prior approximate to the posterior. Experiments show that our model achieves better results.
Smart Multi-Level Tool for Remote Patient Monitoring Based on a Wireless Sensor Network and Mobile Augmented Reality

Technological innovations in the field of disease prevention and maintenance of patient health have enabled the evolution of fields such as monitoring systems. One of the main advances is the development of real-time monitors that use intelligent and wireless communication technology. In this paper, a system is presented for the remote monitoring of the body temperature and heart rate of a patient by means of a wireless sensor network (WSN) and mobile augmented reality (MAR). The combination of a WSN and MAR provides a novel alternative to remotely measure body temperature and heart rate in real time during patient care. The system is composed of (1) hardware such as Arduino microcontrollers (in the patient nodes), personal computers (for the nurse server), smartphones (for the mobile nurse monitor and the virtual patient file) and sensors (to measure body temperature and heart rate), (2) a network layer using WiFly technology, and (3) software such as LabView, Android SDK, and DroidAR. The results obtained from tests show that the system can perform effectively within a range of 20 m and requires ten minutes to stabilize the temperature sensor to detect hyperthermia, hypothermia or normal body temperature conditions. Additionally, the heart rate sensor can detect conditions of tachycardia and bradycardia.
Consistent detection of bovine papillomavirus in lesions, intact skin and peripheral blood mononuclear cells of horses affected by hoof canker.

REASONS FOR PERFORMING THE STUDY
Equine hoof canker is a chronic proliferative pododermatitis of as yet unknown aetiology. Like equine sarcoid disease, canker is a therapy-resistant disorder characterised by hyperkeratosis, acanthosis and a marked tendency to recur.


HYPOTHESIS
There is an association of sarcoid-inducing bovine papillomaviruses of types 1 and 2 (BPV-1, BPV-2) with hoof canker disease.


METHODS
Using PCR-based techniques, we assessed canker tissue, intact skin and/or peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) of 25 canker-affected horses for the presence of sarcoid-associated BPV-1 and -2.


RESULTS
Conventional PCR revealed BPV-1/-2 DNA in 24/24 canker, 12/13 skin and 10/11 PBMC DNA isolates. Using inverse PCR, full-length BPV episomes were detected in 1/5 canker specimens. Sequencing of viral early and late genes amplified from canker, intact skin and PBMC DNA of 2 cases revealed an overall identity of 98% to BPV-1. Viral DNA loads amounted to ≤16 copies per cell in canker tissue and intact skin, and to ≤0.35 copies per PBMC, as determined by quantitative PCR. Using RT-PCR, the viral major oncogene E5 was shown to be transcribed in 2/4 canker tissue specimens and 5/7 PBMC isolates. Immunocapture PCR from 7 canker and 6 skin extract supernatants revealed capsomere-associated viral DNA in one canker and one skin sample. Hoof tissue, skin and PBMCs collected from 13 individuals with no signs of canker or BPV-related malignancies scored negative throughout the experiments.


CONCLUSION
These findings suggest that the observed presence of BPV-1/-2 in canker-affected horses is not coincidental but indicative of an active contribution to hoof canker disease.


POTENTIAL RELEVANCE
The use of antivirals and/or immune modulators may help improving canker therapy.
Central ocular motor disorders, including gaze palsy and nystagmus

An impairment of eye movements, or nystagmus, is seen in many diseases of the central nervous system, in particular those affecting the brainstem and cerebellum, as well as in those of the vestibular system. The key to diagnosis is a systematic clinical examination of the different types of eye movements, including: eye position, range of eye movements, smooth pursuit, saccades, gaze-holding function and optokinetic nystagmus, as well as testing for the different types of nystagmus (e.g., central fixation nystagmus or peripheral vestibular nystagmus). Depending on the time course of the signs and symptoms, eye movements often indicate a specific underlying cause (e.g., stroke or neurodegenerative or metabolic disorders). A detailed knowledge of the anatomy and physiology of eye movements enables the physician to localize the disturbance to a specific area in the brainstem (midbrain, pons or medulla) or cerebellum (in particular the flocculus). For example, isolated dysfunction of vertical eye movements is due to a midbrain lesion affecting the rostral interstitial nucleus of the medial longitudinal fascicle, with impaired vertical saccades only, the interstitial nucleus of Cajal or the posterior commissure; common causes with an acute onset are an infarction or bleeding in the upper midbrain or in patients with chronic progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP) and Niemann–Pick type C (NP-C). Isolated dysfunction of horizontal saccades is due to a pontine lesion affecting the paramedian pontine reticular formation due, for instance, to brainstem bleeding, glioma or Gaucher disease type 3; an impairment of horizontal and vertical saccades is found in later stages of PSP, NP-C and Gaucher disease type 3. Gaze-evoked nystagmus (GEN) in all directions indicates a cerebellar dysfunction and can have multiple causes such as drugs, in particular antiepileptics, chronic alcohol abuse, neurodegenerative cerebellar disorders or cerebellar ataxias; purely vertical GEN is due to a midbrain lesion, while purely horizontal GEN is due to a pontomedullary lesion. The pathognomonic clinical sign of internuclear ophthalmoplegia is an impaired adduction while testing horizontal saccades on the side of the lesion in the ipsilateral medial longitudinal fascicule. The most common pathological types of central nystagmus are downbeat nystagmus (DBN) and upbeat nystagmus (UBN). DBN is generally due to cerebellar dysfunction affecting the flocculus bilaterally (e.g., due to a neurodegenerative disease). Treatment options exist for a few disorders: miglustat for NP-C and aminopyridines for DBN and UBN. It is therefore particularly important to identify treatable cases with these conditions.
Impulse control disorders in patients with Parkinson's disease receiving dopamine replacement therapy: evidence and implications for the addictions field.

AIMS
To describe the prevalence, phenomenology and correlates of 'impulse control disorders' (ICDs) in patients with Parkinson's disease (PD) treated with dopamine replacement therapy (DRT); to assess the strength of the evidence that DRT plays a contributory causal role in these disorders; and to highlight the implications of these disorders for research in the addiction field.


METHODS
PubMed and Web of Science databases were searched and the reference lists of papers examined.


RESULTS
The prevalence of ICDs in Parkinson's patients using DRT varied between 3.5% and 13.6%, depending on the severity and range of disorders assessed. PD patients with ICDs were: generally younger; had an earlier onset of PD; had a personal or family history of substance abuse or an ICD; and were more likely to be treated with dopamine receptor agonists (DA agonists) than levodopa (l-dopa). There is reasonable evidence that dopaminergic medications play a causal role in ICDs in that they occur at a higher rate in an otherwise low-risk population of adults, begin after initiation of DA agonist therapy and cease upon its discontinuation. A causal relationship is biologically plausible, but the role of other factors (such as concurrent mood disorders) remain to be clarified by better-controlled studies.


CONCLUSIONS
Impulse control disorders among patients with Parkinson's disease receiving dopamine replacement therapy may provide a unique opportunity for addiction researchers to study the neurobiology of impulsive forms of behaviour (such as problem gambling) that appear to be caused, in part, by the therapeutic use of dopamine receptor agonists.
Shear-Wave Velocity-Based Probabilistic and Deterministic Assessment of Seismic Soil Liquefaction Potential

Shear-wave velocity (Vs) offers a means to determine the seismic resistance of soil to liquefaction by a fundamental soil property. This paper presents the results of an 11-year international project to gather new Vs site data and develop probabilistic correlations for seismic soil liquefaction occurrence. Toward that objective, shear-wave velocity test sites were identified, and measurements made for 301 new liquefaction field case histories in China, Japan, Taiwan, Greece, and the United States over a decade. The majority of these new case histories reoccupy those previously investigated by penetration testing. These new data are combined with previously published case histories to build a global catalog of 422 case histories of Vs liquefaction performance. Bayesian regression and structural reliability methods facilitate a probabilistic treatment of the Vs catalog for performance-based engineering applications. Where possible, uncertainties of the variables comprising both the seismic demand and the soil capacitywere estimated and included in the analysis, resulting in greatly reduced overall model uncertainty relative to previous studies. The presented data set and probabilistic analysis also help resolve the ancillary issues of adjustment for soil fines content andmagnitude scaling factors.
Using a model of social dynamics to predict popularity of news

Popularity of content in social media is unequally distributed, with some items receiving a disproportionate share of attention from users. Predicting which newly-submitted items will become popular is critically important for both companies that host social media sites and their users. Accurate and timely prediction would enable the companies to maximize revenue through differential pricing for access to content or ad placement. Prediction would also give consumers an important tool for filtering the ever-growing amount of content. Predicting popularity of content in social media, however, is challenging due to the complex interactions among content quality, how the social media site chooses to highlight content, and influence among users. While these factors make it difficult to predict popularity a priori, we show that stochastic models of user behavior on these sites allows predicting popularity based on early user reactions to new content. By incorporating aspects of the web site design, such models improve on predictions based on simply extrapolating from the early votes. We validate this claim on the social news portal Digg using a previously-developed model of social voting based on the Digg user interface.
Insular and insulo-opercular epilepsy in childhood: An SEEG study

PURPOSE
In recent years, there have been series analysing the electro-clinical correlations of insular epilepsy in adult populations. In contrast, the ictal semiology in children with insular epilepsy is poorly described. Considering that early and successful surgery may greatly improve the cognitive outcome and quality of life, it is worthwhile to deepen our knowledge of insular epilepsy in children.


METHODS
We retrospectively evaluated ten children with drug-resistant focal insular epilepsy who had been consecutively explored with stereoelectroencephalography (SEEG), followed by individually tailored resective surgery that included part of the insula in all cases. A detailed anatomo-electro-clinical analysis of non-invasive EEG and SEEG data was performed. At least one of the electrodes explored the insular cortex. SEEG analysis confirmed that the insular cortex was included in the ictal onset zone.


RESULTS
Epilepsy onset was mostly during the first year of life, characterized by subtle seizures as well as spasms and myoclonic seizures. Later on, neurovegetative signs and asymmetric tonic and hypermotor seizures (HMS) dominated the ictal semiology. The epileptogenic zone was frequently wider than insular with frontal and central predominance. In eight patients, the tailored resection included a lesion. In seven patients, an Engel class 1 outcome as well as neuropsychological and behavioural improvement was obtained.


CONCLUSIONS
SEEG is feasible and useful in children with drug-resistant insular epilepsy which is often characterized by autonomic symptoms as the initial symptoms and should be suspected in cases with HMS, asymmetric tonic seizures and even asymmetric spasms. Early propagation is mostly frontal and central. Analysis of a larger population is required to refine these findings.
Feature Selection for High-Dimensional Data: A Kolmogorov-Smirnov Correlation-Based Filter

An algorithm for filtering information based on the Kolmogorov-Smirnov correlation-based approach has been implemented and tested on feature selection. The only parameter of this algorithm is statistical confidence level that two distributions are identical. Empirical comparisons with 4 other state-of-the-art features selection algorithms (FCBF, CorrSF, ReliefF and ConnSF) are very encouraging.
Accurate Doppler Radar Noncontact Vital Sign Detection Using the RELAX Algorithm

We consider using a Doppler radar for accurate noncontact vital sign detection. The Doppler radar first captures and downconverts the wireless signal that is phase modulated by the physiological movements, and then identifies the human heartbeat and respiration rates by processing the baseband signal. When nonlinear Doppler phase modulation is employed to monitor vital signs without contact, one of the challenges that we encounter is the presence of undesired harmonic terms and intermodulations other than the sinusoids of interest. A spectral estimation algorithm is needed to accurately estimate the sinusoidal frequencies before identifying the heartbeat and respiration rates. The conventional periodogram cannot reliably separate the rich sinusoidal components since it suffers from smearing and leakage problems, particularly for the case of limited data samples. A parametric and cyclic optimization approach, referred to as the RELAX algorithm, is instead suggested to mitigate these difficulties. Both simulated and experimental results are provided to validate the superiority of using the RELAX algorithm for accurate noncontact vital sign detection.
Survey of New Zealand farmer intentions and opinions, October-December 1986

A.M.P. Society. 
Bayer New Zealand Ltd. 
Gallagher Electronics Ltd. 
New Zealand Society of Accountants
Measuring factors underlying intendedness of women's first and later pregnancies.

CONTEXT
Unintended pregnancy is associated with poor health outcomes for mothers and infants, and is indicative of gaps in family planning services. Conventional measures of pregnancy intendedness do not reflect the multiple factors affecting a woman's pregnancy-related intentions and attitudes.


METHODS
Data collected between March 2002 and February 2003 from 701 women in a public family planning clinic and 671 women in a public prenatal clinic in New Orleans were analyzed to examine factors underlying intendedness (including attitudes toward pregnancy and motivations to achieve or avoid pregnancy).


RESULTS
In factor analyses, variables measuring pregnancy intendedness were represented by a single latent factor, pregnancy desirability. For first pregnancy, variables that best captured desirability were those measuring happiness, effort in achieving the pregnancy, extent of looking forward to telling friends, whether the pregnancy was intended (i.e., came at the right time or later), and whether the woman wanted to have a baby with her partner. For last or current pregnancies that were second or higher order ones, they were happiness, pregnancy wantedness, effort in achieving the pregnancy, whether the pregnancy was planned and whether the woman wanted to have a baby with her partner. Among women younger than 18 at first pregnancy, happiness and whether a woman wanted a baby with her partner were the only items that captured pregnancy desirability.


CONCLUSIONS
Future surveys on pregnancy intendedness could reduce the number of questions used to capture pregnancy desirability. This should help standardize surveillance systems and permit better assessment of trends in pregnancy desirability over time.