LLukas22/scidocs huggingface dataset:
Fanconi anemia and solid malignancies in childhood: a national retrospective study.

BACKGROUND
Fanconi anemia (FA) predisposes to hematologic disorders and myeloid neoplasia in childhood and to solid cancers, mainly oral carcinomas, in early adulthood. Few cases of solid cancers have been reported in childhood.


PROCEDURES
We conducted a national retrospective study of solid tumors occurring in patients registered with or determined to have FA during childhood in France. Phenotypic features, tumor type, cancer treatment, and outcome were analyzed. Whenever available, fresh-frozen tumors were analyzed by microarray-based comparative genomics hybridization.


RESULTS
We identified eight patients with FA with solid tumor from 1986 to 2012. For two patients, the diagnosis of FA was unknown at the time of cancer diagnosis. Moreover, we identified one fetus with a brain tumor. All patients showed failure to thrive and had dysmorphic features and abnormal skin pigmentation. Seven patients had BRCA2/FANCD1 mutations; five of these featured more than one malignancy and the median age at the time of cancer diagnosis was 11 months (range 0.4-3 years). Solid tumor types included five nephroblastomas, two rhabdomyosarcomas, two neuroblastomas, and three brain tumors. Two children died from the toxic effects of chemotherapy, two patients from the cancer, and one patient from secondary leukemia. Only one BRCA2 patient was alive more than 3 years after diagnosis, after tailored chemotherapy.


CONCLUSION
Solid tumors are rare in FA during childhood, except in patients with BRCA2/FANCD1 mutations. The proper genetic diagnosis is mandatory to tailor the treatment.
3D Mapping Hexacopter Simulation using Gazebo and Robot Operating Sytem(ROS)

This paper present a simulation of Unmanned Aerial Vehicle which is type of hexacopter for building 3D maps of exploration environment. This simulation using Gazebo Simulator environment with Software In the Loop (SITL) ardupilot that is integrated with Robot Operating System as a open source flexible framework for writing robot software. To proceed 3D maps construction, we have installed Intel Realsense R200 RGB-D camera on hexacopter for getting RGB image data and Depth data that will be computed by open source octomap ROS package to result 3D Maps. Octomap using octree data structure to form 3D Map of voxel with odometry of hexacopter.
Efficacy of UVA-1 cold light as an adjuvant therapy for systemic lupus erythematosus.

OBJECTIVE
The assessment of the efficacy of therapy of patients with moderately active systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) with low doses of UVA-1 cold light.


METHODS
A double blind, placebo-controlled, cross-over study design was used for the examination of the efficacy of low doses of UVA-1 radiation (12 J/cm2/day for 15 days) in 12 patients.


RESULTS
UVA-1 treatment resulted in a significant decrease of well-validated disease activity indexes [the SLE Activity Measure (SLAM) (P < 0.001) and the SLE Disease Activity Index (SLEDAI) (P = 0.007)], whereas neither score improved significantly during placebo treatment. Furthermore, UVA-1 therapy proved to be more effective [mean decrease 4.8 points) than placebo (mean decrease -1.7 points (i.e. an increase)] when measured by the SLAM (P = 0.001, 95% CI -7.56 to -2.28), but not by the SLEDAI. Two patients had transient skin reactions at the beginning of treatment.


CONCLUSION
UVA-1 therapy appears to be a useful adjuvant treatment modality for patients suffering from moderately active SLE. Its effect could possibly be explained by reduction of B-cell function or apoptosis of plasma cells.
A Theory of Processes with Durational Actions

A new bisimulation based semantics, called performance equivalence, is proposed for a process algebra equipped with the TCSP parallel operator. This semantics relies on the basic assumption that actions are time-consuming, where their duration is statically fixed. Performance equivalence equates systems whenever they perform the same actions in the same amount of time, thus introducing a simple form of performance evaluation in process algebras. A comparison with other equivalences is provided; in particular, we show that performance equivalence is strictly finer than step bisimulation equivalence and strictly coarser than partial ordering bisimulation equivalence. 1. An extended version of this work will appear under the same title in Theoretical Computer Science. This work has been partially supported by Esprit BRA n. 8130 LOMAPS, by MURST and CNR. 2. Department of Mathematics, University of Bologna, Piazza Porta S. Donato 5, 40127 Bologna, Italy.
[Preliminary Short-term Results of an All-day Outpatient Pulmonary Rehabilitation Program in an Acute Hospital on Patients with Mild to Very Severe COPD].

INTRODUCTION
Positive effects of pulmonary rehabilitation on chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) are well known, and inpatient rehabilitation programs are the preferred modality in Germany. In this paper, we report on the recent results of a daily outpatient rehabilitation program offered at an acute hospital, the first of this kind in Germany. It is not known whether this kind of rehabilitation is an effective approach.


METHODS
32 consecutive COPD patients GOLD-stage II-IV, phenotype B-D (mean 64.5±21.9 years; 18 male, 14 female) completed a rehabilitation program of 19 (15-21) days conducted according to the recommendations of the National Accociation for Rehabilitation. In this prospective observational study, data (walking distance in the 6-MWD, BODE-Index, HADS-, BDI/TDI-, CAT-questionnaire) were collected at the beginning (T1) and at the end (T2) of the program and the results are presented in a pre- vs. post-analysis.


RESULTS
We found significant positive effects for most of the measured parameters, except for body plethysmography, diffusion capacity and blood gas. Especially the increase in the 6 min walking distance (6-MWD) was remarkable (T1: 485.78±158.24, T2: 527.97±146.75 m, p=0.0212). There were no adverse events or complications. All participants were able to complete the program properly.


CONCLUSION
Most of the measured parameters in COPD patients with stage II or worse disease improved significantly during the comprehensive outpatient rehabilitation program. A limitation of this study is the small number of cases, and further conclusions can only be made after examining a larger sample. The setting of this rehabilitation program in an acute hospital seems to be meaningful in an organisational and structural sense.
Effect of exercise training on vascular endothelial function in patients with stable coronary artery disease: a randomized controlled trial.

BACKGROUND
We aim to investigate the effect of exercise training on endothelial function and exercise capacity in patients with coronary artery disease.


METHODS AND RESULTS
A randomized, controlled trial was conducted to determine the effects of an 8-week exercise training programme (n = 32) vs. controls (n = 32) on brachial flow-mediated dilation (FMD) in patients with stable CAD. After 8 weeks, patients received exercise training had significant improvements in FMD (1.84%, p = 0.002) and exercise capacity (2.04 metabolic equivalents, p < 0.001) compared with controls. The change in FMD correlated inversely with baseline FMD (r = -0.41, p = 0.001) and positively with the increase in exercise capacity (r = 0.35, p = 0.005). After adjusting for confounders, every 1 metabolic equivalent increase in exercise capacity was associated with 0.55% increase in FMD. Furthermore, patients received exercise training had significantly increased high-density lipoprotein cholesterol and decreased diastolic blood pressure and resting heart rate compared with controls. However, exercise training did not alter high-sensitivity C-reactive protein, oxidative stress measured as superoxide dismutase and 8-isoprostane, and CD34/KDR + endothelial progenitor cell count. Subgroup analysis showed that FMD was significantly improved only in CAD patients with baseline low exercise capacity (<median value of 7.65 metabolic equivalents, p = 0.004) but not in those with normal exercise capacity.


CONCLUSION
Exercise training improved FMD and exercise capacity in stable CAD patients independent of the changes in inflammation, oxidative stress, or endothelial progenitor cells. The beneficial effects of exercise training on FMD and exercise capacity are inter-related, and more pronounced in those with baseline impaired exercise capacity.
Linear Nearest Neighbor Synthesis of Reversible Circuits by Graph Partitioning

Linear Nearest Neighbor (LNN) synthesis in reversible circuits has emerged as an important issue in terms of technological implementation for quantum computation. The objective is to obtain a LNN architecture with minimum gate cost. As achieving optimal synthesis is a hard problem, heuristic methods have been proposed in recent literature. In this work we present a graph partitioning based approach for LNN synthesis with reduction in circuit cost. In particular, the number of SWAP gates required to convert a given gate-level quantum circuit to its equivalent LNN configuration is minimized. Our algorithm determines the reordering of indices of the qubit line(s) for both single control and multiple controlled gates. Experimental results for placing the target qubits of Multiple Controlled Toffoli (MCT) library of benchmark circuits show a significant reduction in gate count and quantum gate cost compared to those of related research works.
Fine structural analysis of extraocular muscle spindles of a two-year-old human infant.

PURPOSE
To clarify whether structural peculiarities formerly described in extraocular muscle (EOM) spindles of aged persons are already present in EOM spindles of a 2-year-old infant.


METHODS
Distal halves of two EOMs obtained from a 2-year-old multiorgan donor were immersion-fixed and prepared for electron microscopy. The fine structure of 10 muscle spindles and of 1 "false spindle" was investigated.


RESULTS
Extraocular muscle spindles of an infant 2 years of age had 2- to 4-layered outer capsules, 376 microm (range, 217-606 microm) long and 97 microm (range, 55-140 microm) wide. In 10 EOM spindles, 4 to 16 intrafusal muscle fibers (mean, 7.9) were present. From a total of 79 intrafusal fibers, 43 (54%) were nuclear chain fibers, and 8 of the 43 exhibited posttraumatic degenerative changes. Thirty-six (46%) intrafusal fibers indistinguishable from extrafusal fibers were called anomalous fibers. No nuclear bag fibers were found. Each muscle spindle contained a variable number of chain fibers and at least one anomalous fiber. Sensory nerve terminals were restricted to the 35 normal chain fibers but were absent from damaged chain fibers and from anomalous fibers. One "false spindle" without a periaxial space was composed of three anomalous fibers and one chain fiber, all of them devoid of sensory terminals.


CONCLUSIONS
Most structural particularities of human EOM spindles described in aged persons are already found in the infant. They cannot be interpreted as age-related changes, but rather they represent specific features of human EOM spindles.
Minutia Verification and Classification for Fingerprint Matching

Raw image data offer rich source of information for matching and classification. For simplicity of pattern reco gnition system design, a sequential approach consisting of sensing, feature extraction and matching is conventionall y adopted where each stage transforms a particular component of information relatively independently. The interac tion between these modules is limited. Some of the errors in the end-to-end sequential processing can be easily eliminated especially for the feature extraction stage by revis iting the original image data. We propose a feedback path for the feature extraction stage, followed by a feature refin ement stage for improving the matching performance. This performance improvement is illustrated in the context of a minutiae-based fingerprint verification system. We show that a minutia verification stage based on reexamining the gray-scale profile in a detected minutia’s spatial neighbor hood in the sensed image can improve the matching performance by 4% on our database. Further, we show that a feature refinement stage which assigns a class label to each detected minutia (ridge ending and ridge bifurcation) before matching can also improve the matching performance by 3%. A combination of feedback (minutia verification) in the feature extraction phase and feature refinement (minutia classification) improves the overall performance of the fingerprint verification system by 8%.
GraphDocExplore: A Framework for the Experimental Comparison of Graph-based Document Exploration Techniques

Graphs have long been proposed as a tool to browse and navigate in a collection of documents in order to support exploratory search. Many techniques to automatically extract different types of graphs, showing for example entities or concepts and different relationships between them, have been suggested. While experimental evidence that they are indeed helpful exists for some of them, it is largely unknown which type of graph is most helpful for a specific exploratory task. However, carrying out experimental comparisons with human subjects is challenging and time-consuming. Towards this end, we present the GraphDocExplore framework. It provides an intuitive web interface for graph-based document exploration that is optimized for experimental user studies. Through a generic graph interface, different methods to extract graphs from text can be plugged into the system. Hence, they can be compared at minimal implementation effort in an environment that ensures controlled comparisons. The system is publicly available under an open-source license.1
Retinopathy and risk of congestive heart failure.

CONTEXT
Congestive heart failure (CHF) affects a substantial proportion of adults including those without preexisting coronary heart disease. The pathogenesis of CHF is uncertain, but microvascular disease has been hypothesized as a possible factor.


OBJECTIVE
To determine the relationship of retinopathy, a marker of systemic microvascular disease, to risk of CHF.


DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS
Population-based, prospective 7-year cohort study in 4 US communities using the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities Study database. Participants (n = 11,612, aged 49 to 73 years) had retinal photographs taken between 1993 and 1995. The photographs were graded according to a standardized protocol for the presence of retinopathy (eg, microaneurysms, retinal hemorrhages, soft exudates), arteriovenous nicking, focal arteriolar narrowing, and generalized arteriolar narrowing.


MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES
Association between retinopathy and incident CHF, identified from hospitalization and death records.


RESULTS
The 7-year cumulative incidence of CHF was 5.4% (492 events). Participants with retinopathy had a higher incidence of CHF compared with those without retinopathy (15.1% vs 4.8%, P<.001). After controlling for age, sex, race, preexisting coronary heart disease, mean arterial blood pressure, diabetes, glucose level, cholesterol level, smoking, body mass index, and study site, the presence of retinopathy was associated with a 2-fold higher risk of CHF (relative risk, 1.96; 95% confidence interval, 1.51-2.54). Among participants without preexisting coronary heart disease, diabetes, or hypertension, retinopathy was associated with a 3-fold higher risk of CHF (relative risk, 2.98; 95% confidence interval, 1.50-5.92).


CONCLUSIONS
Retinopathy is an independent predictor of CHF, even in persons without preexisting coronary heart disease, diabetes, or hypertension. This suggests that microvascular disease may play an important role in the development of heart failure in the general population. Some asymptomatic persons with retinopathy on an ophthalmologic examination may benefit from further assessment of CHF risk.
Simple Type-Theoretic Foundations for Object-Oriented Programming

We develop a formal, type-theoretic account of the basic mechanisms of object-oriented programming: encapsulation, message passing, subtyping, and inheritance. By modeling object encapsulation in terms of existential types instead of the recursive records used in other recent studies, we obtain a substantial simpliication both in the model of objects and in the underlying typed-calculus.
D0-D̄0mixing: theory basics

I discuss how the novel experimental data on D0 - 0 mixing can be combined to provide information on the fundamental theoretical quantities describing the mixing itself. I then discuss the theoretical impact of the new data, focusing in particular on the MSSM.
The impact of healing touch on pediatric oncology patients.

HYPOTHESES
Healing Touch (HT) is an energy therapy that has been shown to lower stress, pain, and fatigue in adult oncology patients. This study evaluated the feasibility of administering HT in pediatric oncology inpatient and outpatient units at Kapi'olani Medical Center for Women and Children.


STUDY DESIGN
This study was a 1-year randomized prospective study consisting of 2 study arms. The HT arm was considered the treatment group, and reading/play activity was designated as the control group. Participants were randomly assigned to each arm on enrollment in the study.


METHODS
They were recruited by the pediatric oncology social worker. Interested participants were asked to provide informed consent and were randomized to either the HT arm or the reading/play activity arm of the study. They received their designated intervention for 30 minutes at each inpatient or outpatient encounter. Participants, parents, and care providers were asked to complete preintervention and postintervention assessments.


RESULTS
In all, 15 participants, aged 3 to 18 years old, were approached about the study between July 2009 and June 2010. A total of 9 participants enrolled (recruitment rate of 60%); 6 patients were randomized to receive HT sessions, and 3 patients received reading/play activities; 2 participants dropped out of the study because of prolonged hospitalizations and complicated treatments. An additional participant expired while in the study because of disease progression. Those in the HT group showed significant decreases in the scores for pain, stress, and fatigue for participants, parents, and caregivers. Furthermore, parents' perception of their children's pain decreased significantly for the HT group when compared with the group receiving reading/play activity.


CONCLUSION
This study demonstrates the feasibility of using energy therapy in the pediatric oncology patient population. There also seems to be an interest in this treatment modality for this patient population. Furthermore, these findings suggest that HT has a positive impact on pain, stress, and fatigue related to oncology treatment.
How to Evaluate It: The Role of Story-Evaluative Tone in Agenda Setting and Priming

The main contribution of this study to the understanding of agenda-setting and priming effects is its focus on the role of evaluative tone in all stages of the agenda setting/ priming process. First, the public’s evaluation of issue importance, which is the dependent variable in most agenda-setting studies, is influenced by the issue saliency in the news and by the evaluative tone of media coverage (positive, negative, or neutral). This evaluative tone or affective attribute attached to the issue is part of the second-level agenda setting. Second, these affective attributes that people attach to issues further play an important role in the process of priming, on which they have both indirect and direct impacts. Priming, therefore, carries with it an affective component: It is a combination of message strength and direction. Third, the political judgments of individuals are also directly influenced by media-affective attributes. All of the arguments are supported by the empirical analyses.
The Quest for the Nuclear Equation of State

The present status of the efforts to determine the nuclear equation of state from results of heavy ion reactions and from astrophysical observations is reviewed
РОССИЙСКАЯ ИСТОРИОГРАФИЯ О НЕМЕЦКОЙ ИСТОРИЧЕСКОЙ ШКОЛЕ ХІХ – НАЧАЛА ХХ ВВ.

Purpose.  The article analyzes the publications of the Ger-man historical scholarship in Russian historiography of the XIX – early XX centuries. The interest of Russian historians to German historical scholarship was due to the fact that in the nineteenth century Germany was the center of the development of history as a science with its institutions, methodology and scientific approaches. Fromthe second half of XIX century the main directions of the German historical science and its famous historians (L. von Ranke, G. Sybel, G. Treitschke, F. Dalman, etc.) were constantly at the center of attention ofRussian historiography. The author analyzes the article about the German historical scholarship of Russian historians  (V. Gerye, V. Buzeskul, P. Vinogradov and others) in the domes-tic periodicals. Methodology.  General logical methods and techniques (analysis, synthesis). Special methods of historical science: ideographical and chronological. Results.  The article focuses on the analysis of German his-toriography of the second half of XIX – early XX centuries in domestic periodicals. The author differentiated all periodicals on groups, which allows to learn the reasons of the interest of Russian historians in the German historical schoolmore detailed. We came to the conclusion that the popularity of German historiography in the domestic periodicals was caused by a number of factors such as: the leading position of Ger-man historical scholarship in Europe, as well as excellent knowledge of Russian historians about the situation of affairs in the German scientific community, due to the continuous exchange of experience between students as well as. Purchase on Elibrary.ru > Buy now
Deep Metric Learning via Lifted Structured Feature Embedding

Learning the distance metric between pairs of examples is of great importance for learning and visual recognition. With the remarkable success from the state of the art convolutional neural networks, recent works [1, 31] have shown promising results on discriminatively training the networks to learn semantic feature embeddings where similar examples are mapped close to each other and dissimilar examples are mapped farther apart. In this paper, we describe an algorithm for taking full advantage of the training batches in the neural network training by lifting the vector of pairwise distances within the batch to the matrix of pairwise distances. This step enables the algorithm to learn the state of the art feature embedding by optimizing a novel structured prediction objective on the lifted problem. Additionally, we collected Stanford Online Products dataset: 120k images of 23k classes of online products for metric learning. Our experiments on the CUB-200-2011 [37], CARS196 [19], and Stanford Online Products datasets demonstrate significant improvement over existing deep feature embedding methods on all experimented embedding sizes with the GoogLeNet [33] network. The source code and the dataset are available at: https://github.com/rksltnl/ Deep-Metric-Learning-CVPR16.
A Hopeful Present

In this essay Nolan proposes that “the modern Native play is, in fact, a simulacrum of the modern memory play, but without excuses.” Through an exploration of a range of Aboriginal drama – her own and that of others - Nolan demonstrates how the act of remembering in theatre can be a means of both reanimating the past and moving forward into the future.