LLukas22/scidocs huggingface dataset:
Dilation of the aortic root in children infected with human immunodeficiency virus type 1: The Prospective P2C2 HIV Multicenter Study.

BACKGROUND
Vascular lesions have become more evident in human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV)-infected patients as the result of earlier diagnosis, improved treatment, and longer survival. Aortic root dilation in HIV-infected children has not previously been described. This study was undertaken to determine the prevalence of aortic root dilation in HIV-infected children and to evaluate some of the potential pathogenic mechanisms.


METHODS
Aortic root measurements were incorporated into the routine echocardiographic surveillance of 280 children of HIV-infected women: an older cohort of 86 HIV-infected children and a neonatal cohort of 50 HIV-infected and 144 HIV-uninfected children.


RESULTS
By repeated-measures analyses, mean aortic root measurements were significantly increased in HIV-infected children versus HIV-uninfected children (P values of < or =.04 and < or =.005 at 2 and 5 years of age, respectively, for aortic annulus diameter, sinuses of Valsalva, and sinotubular junction). Heart rate, systolic blood pressure, stroke volume, hemoglobin, and hematocrit were not significantly associated with aortic root size. Left ventricular dilation, increased serum HIV RNA levels, and lower CD4 cell count measurements were associated with aortic root dilation at baseline.


CONCLUSIONS
Mild and nonprogressive aortic root dilation was seen in children with vertically transmitted HIV infection from 2 to 9 years of age. Aortic root size was not significantly associated with markers for stress-modulated growth; however, aortic root dilation was associated with left ventricular dilation, increased viral load, and lower CD4 cell count in HIV-infected children. As prolonged survival of HIV-infected patients becomes more prevalent, some patients may require long-term follow-up of aortic root size.
The point of triangulation.

PURPOSE
To explore various types of triangulation strategies and to indicate when different types of triangulation should be used in research.


METHODS
Reviews included literature on triangulation and multimethod strategies published since 1960 and research books specifically focusing on triangulation.


FINDINGS
Triangulation is the combination of at least two or more theoretical perspectives, methodological approaches, data sources, investigators, or data analysis methods. The intent of using triangulation is to decrease, negate, or counterbalance the deficiency of a single strategy, thereby increasing the ability to interpret the findings.


CONCLUSIONS
The use of triangulation strategies does not strengthen a flawed study. Researchers should use triangulation if it can contribute to understanding the phenomenon; however, they must be able to articulate why the strategy is being used and how it might enhance the study.
A new profusion of planktonic eukaryotes


Techniques commonly applied to the discovery of unknown prokaryotes have now been used to identify new eukaryotic lineages within picoplankton.
Low complexity frequency-response masking filters using modified structure based on serial masking

This paper presents a technique to synthesize low-complexity high-selectivity arbitrary-bandwidth finite impulse response (FIR) digital filters using the frequency-response masking (FRM) technique. A serial masking scheme is used to perform the masking task in two stages lowering the complexity of the masking filters. The bandedge shaping filter is implemented as a prefilter-equalizer cascade lowering the complexity of the band-edge shaping filter. The design of the FRM filter is formulated as a nonlinear nonconvex semi-infinite programming optimization problem whereby the maximum frequency response magnitude error of the overall filter is minimized. A constraint transcription method and a smoothing technique are employed to transform the continuous inequality constraints into equality constraints. By using the concept of penalty function, the transformed constraints are incorporated into the cost function to form a new cost function. The nonlinear optimization problem with inequality constraints is approximated by a sequence of unconstraint optimization problems which can be solved efficiently by a limited-memory BFGS (L-BFGS) method [1]. An example taken from the literature demonstrates that this technique yields sharp filter having reduced magnitude error and total amount of nonzero coefficients.
The effect of vitamin E on the treatment of menstrual migraine.

BACKGROUND
Many women with migraine experience a change in migraine frequency associated with the menstrual cycle. This study was undertaken to study the effect of vitamin E as a prophylactic agent on women with menstrual migraine.


MATERIAL/METHOD
During a placebo-controlled double-blinded trial, 72 women with menstrual migraine received placebo (identical in appearance to vitamin E) daily for five days, two days before to three days after menstruation for two cycles followed by a one-month wash-out and one vitamin E softgel (400 IU) daily for five days in the next two cycles. Each woman was evaluated monthly throughout the study and the daily headache severity, concomitant symptoms, and functional disability derived from questionnaires were compared between the vitamin E and the placebo treatment periods using four-point anchored scales.


RESULTS
There were statistically significant differences in the pain severity and functional disability scales between the placebo and the vitamin E treatments (p<0.001). Vitamin E effect was also superior to placebo regarding photophobia, phonophobia, and nausea (p<0.05).


CONCLUSIONS
Vitamin E is effective in relieving symptoms due to menstrual migraine.
Randomized controlled trial of behavioral activation smoking cessation treatment for smokers with elevated depressive symptoms.

OBJECTIVE
Depressive symptoms are associated with poor smoking cessation outcomes, and there remains continued interest in behavioral interventions that simultaneously target smoking and depressive symptomatology. In this pilot study, we examined whether a behavioral activation treatment for smoking (BATS) can enhance cessation outcomes.


METHOD
A sample of 68 adult smokers with mildly elevated depressive symptoms (M = 43.8 years of age; 48.5% were women; 72.7% were African American) seeking smoking cessation treatment were randomized to receive either BATS paired with standard treatment (ST) smoking cessation strategies including nicotine replacement therapy (n = 35) or ST alone including nicotine replacement therapy (n = 33). BATS and ST were matched for contact time and included 8 sessions of group-based treatment. Quit date was assigned to occur at Session 4 for each treatment condition. Participants completed a baseline assessment; furthermore, measures of smoking cessation outcomes (7-day verified point-prevalence abstinence), depressive symptoms (Beck Depression Inventory-II; Beck, Steer, & Brown, 1996), and enjoyment from daily activities (Environmental Reward Observation Scale; Armento & Hopko, 2007) were obtained at 1, 4, 16, and 26 weeks post assigned quit date.


RESULTS
Across the follow-ups over 26 weeks, participants in BATS reported greater smoking abstinence (adjusted odds ratio = 3.59, 95% CI [1.22, 10.53], p = .02) than did those in ST. Participants in BATS also reported a greater reduction in depressive symptoms (B = -1.99, SE = 0.86, p = .02) than did those in ST.


CONCLUSIONS
Results suggest BATS is a promising intervention that may promote smoking cessation and improve depressive symptoms among underserved smokers of diverse backgrounds.
Quantifying the Accuracy of High-Level Fault Injection Techniques for Hardware Faults

Hardware errors are on the rise with reducing feature sizes, however tolerating them in hardware is expensive. Researchers have explored software-based techniques for building error resilient applications. Many of these techniques leverage application-specific resilience characteristics to keep overheads low. Understanding application-specific resilience characteristics requires software fault-injection mechanisms that are both accurate and capable of operating at a high-level of abstraction to allow developers to reason about error resilience. In this paper, we quantify the accuracy of high-level software fault injection mechanisms vis-à-vis those that operate at the assembly or machine code levels. To represent high-level injection mechanisms, we built a fault injector tool based on the LLVM compiler, called LLFI. LLFI performs fault injection at the LLVM intermediate code level of the application, which is close to the source code. We quantitatively evaluate the accuracy of LLFI with respect to assembly level fault injection, and understand the reasons for the differences.
Tangible-3d: hand shaking model

We have developed the ''Hand Shaking Model,'' an application of Tangible-3D, which is a new type of remote communication interface, another example of which is the haptic 3D video phone. In this paper, we explain the Hand Shaking Model application, which allows users to shake hands with remote users, one example of Tangible-3D.
Probabilistic inference in graphical models

Jordan and Weiss: Probabilistic inference in graphical models 1 INTRODUCTION A " graphical model " is a type of probabilistic network that has roots in several different framework provides a clean mathematical formalism that has made it possible to understand the relationships among a wide variety of network-based approaches to computation, and in particular to understand many neural network algorithms and architectures as instances of a broader probabilistic methodology. Graphical models use graphs to represent and manipulate joint probability distributions. The graph underlying a graphical model may be directed, in which case the model is often referred to as a belief network or a Bayesian network (see BAYESIAN NETWORKS), or the graph may be undirected, in which case the model is generally referred to as a Markov random field. A graphical model has both a structural component—encoded by the pattern of edges in the graph—and a parametric component—encoded by numerical " potentials " associated with sets of edges in the graph. The relationship between these components underlies the computational machinery associated with graphical models. In particular, general inference algorithms allow statistical quantities (such as likelihoods and conditional probabilities) and information-theoretic quantities (such as mutual information and conditional entropies) to be computed efficiently. These algorithms are the subject of the current article. Learning algorithms build on these inference algorithms and allow parameters and structures to be estimated from data (see GRAPHICAL MODELS, PARAMETER LEARNING and GRAPHICAL MODELS, STRUCTURE LEARNING).
Self-ensembling for domain adaptation

This paper explores the use of self-ensembling for visual domain adaptation problems. Our technique is derived from the mean teacher variant [20] of temporal ensembling [8], a technique that achieved state of the art results in the area of semi-supervised learning. We introduce a number of modifications to their approach for challenging domain adaptation scenarios and evaluate its effectiveness. Our approach achieves state of the art results in a variety of benchmarks, including our winning entry in the VISDA-2017 visual domain adaptation challenge [12]. In small image benchmarks, our algorithm not only outperforms prior art, but can also achieve accuracy that is close to that of a classifier trained in a supervised
Bioinspired Early Detection through Gas Flow Modulation in ChemoSensory Systems

The design of bioinspired systems for chemical sensing is an engaging line of research in machine olfaction. Developments in this line could increase the lifetime and sensitivity of artificial chemo-sensory systems. Such approach is based on the sensory systems known in live organisms, and the resulting developed artificial systems are targeted to reproduce the biological mechanisms to some extent. Sniffing behaviour, sampling odours actively, has been studied recently in neuroscience, and it has been suggested that the respiration frequency is an important parameter of the olfactory system, since the odour perception, especially in complex scenarios such as novel odourants exploration, depends on both the stimulus identity and the sampling method. In this work we propose a chemical sensing system based on an array of 16 metal-oxide gas sensors that we combined with an external mechanical ventilator to simulate the biological respiration cycle. The tested gas classes formed a relatively broad combination of two analytes, acetone and ethanol, in binary mixtures. Two sets of lowfrequency and high-frequency features were extracted from the acquired signals to show that the high-frequency features contain information related to the gas class. In addition, such information is available at early stages of the measurement, which could make the technique ∗Corresponding author. Email address: andrey.ziyatdinov@upc.edu (Andrey Ziyatdinov) Preprint submitted to Sensors and Actuators B: Chemical August 15, 2014 suitable in early detection scenarios. The full data set is made publicly available to the community.
Translational impact of nanoparticle-drug conjugate CRLX101 with or without bevacizumab in advanced ovarian cancer.

PURPOSE
Increased tumor hypoxia and hence elevated hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF1α) is thought to limit the efficacy of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) pathway-targeting drugs by upregulating adaptive resistance genes. One strategy to counteract this is to combine antiangiogenic drugs with agents able to suppress HIF1α. One such possibility is the investigational drug CRLX101, a nanoparticle-drug conjugate (NDC) containing the payload camptothecin, a known topoisomerase-I poison.


EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN
CRLX101 was evaluated both as a monotherapy and combination with bevacizumab in a preclinical mouse model of advanced metastatic ovarian cancer. These preclinical studies contributed to the rationale for undertaking a phase II clinical study to evaluate CRLX101 monotherapy in patients with advanced platinum-resistant ovarian cancer.


RESULTS
Preclinically, CRLX101 is highly efficacious as a monotherapy when administered at maximum-tolerated doses. Furthermore, chronic low-dose CRLX101 with bevacizumab reduced bevacizumab-induced HIF1α upregulation and resulted in synergistic efficacy, with minimal toxicity in mice. In parallel, initial data reported here from an ongoing phase II clinical study of CRLX101 monotherapy shows measurable tumor reductions in 74% of patients and a 16% RECIST response rate to date.


CONCLUSIONS
Given these preclinical and initial clinical results, further clinical studies are currently evaluating CRLX101 in combination with bevacizumab in ovarian cancer and warrant the evaluation of this therapy combination in other cancer types where HIF1α is implicated in pathogenesis, as it may potentially be able to improve the efficacy of antiangiogenic drugs.
A balanced scorecard based framework for assessing the strategic impacts of ERP systems

Although there is no analytical framework for assessing the organizational benefits of ERP systems, several researchers have indicated that the balanced scorecard (BSC) approach may be an appropriate technique for evaluating the performance of ERP systems. This paper fills this gap in the literature by providing a balanced-scorecard based framework for valuing the strategic contributions of an ERP system. Using a successful SAP implementation by a major international aircraft engine manufacturing and service organization as a case study, this paper illustrates that an ERP system does indeed impacts the business objectives of the firm and derives a new innovative ERP framework for valuing the strategic impacts of ERP systems. The ERP valuation framework, called here an ERP scorecard, integrates the four Kaplan and Norton’s balanced scorecard dimensions with Zuboff’s automate, informate and transformate goals of information systems to provide a practical approach for measuring the contributions and impacts of ERP systems on the strategic goals of the company. # 2005 Published by Elsevier B.V.
Serum tumour marker CA 125 in monitoring of ovarian cancer during first-line chemotherapy

The value of the serum tumour marker CA 125 to date has been in the monitoring of ovarian cancer patients for response to therapy and for recurrence of disease. However, despite the availability of serial data on CA 125, the problem of interpreting a change over time is still unsolved. The aim of this study was to assess the ability of CA 125 to monitor patients with ovarian cancer during postoperative chemotherapy. 255 patients with stage IC-IV ovarian cancer were allocated to the tumour marker monitoring study. The evaluation of CA 125 information was based on the analytical imprecision, the normal intra-individual biological variation, the sampling interval, and the cut-off value. Additionally, a new assessment criterion based upon an increment of 2.5 times the baseline CA 125 concentration confirmed by a third measurement was elaborated and the utility investigated. The efficiency of CA 125 for identifying progression and non-progression during first-line chemotherapy was 91.9%. The median lead time for true positive results was 41 days. Using the new elaborated criterion the efficiency of CA 125 for identifying progression and non-progression during first-line chemotherapy was 90.5%. The median lead time for true positive results was 35 days. CA 125 gave reliable prediction of progressive disease during postoperative chemotherapy. The results indicate a high applicability of the presented progression criteria during CA 125 monitoring of patients with changing activity of ovarian cancer. © 2001 Cancer Research Campaign
Focused plenoptic camera and rendering

bstract. Plenoptic cameras, constructed with internal microlens rrays, capture both spatial and angular information, i.e., the full 4-D adiance, of a scene. The design of traditional plenoptic cameras ssumes that each microlens image is completely defocused with espect to the image created by the main camera lens. As a result, nly a single pixel in the final image is rendered from each microlens mage, resulting in disappointingly low resolution. A recently develped alternative approach based on the focused plenoptic camera ses the microlens array as an imaging system focused on the imge plane of the main camera lens. The flexible spatioangular tradeff that becomes available with this design enables rendering of final mages with significantly higher resolution than those from traditional lenoptic cameras. We analyze the focused plenoptic camera in ptical phase space and present basic, blended, and depth-based endering algorithms for producing high-quality, high-resolution imges. We also present our graphics-processing-unit-based impleentations of these algorithms, which are able to render full screen efocused images in real time. © 2010 SPIE and IS&T. DOI: 10.1117/1.3442712
Hormonal responses from concentric and eccentric muscle contractions.

UNLABELLED
Intense resistance exercise can acutely increase testosterone (T), free testosterone (FT), and growth hormone (GH) concentrations, but there are few investigations concerning acute endocrine responses to concentric (CON) and eccentric (ECC) contractile actions.


PURPOSE
The purpose of the study was to compare acute anabolic hormonal responses to bouts of dynamic CON and ECC contractions from multiple exercises at the same absolute load.


METHODS
Ten young men (age: 24.7 +/- 1.2 yr, weight: 85.45 +/- 24.2 kg, and height: 178 +/- 0.2 cm) completed two trials in counterbalanced fashion consisting of only CON or ECC contractions at the same absolute workload. Subjects performed four sets of 12 repetitions of bench press, leg extension, military press, and leg curl at 80% of a 10-repetition maximum with 90-s rest periods. Blood samples were collected pre-, post-, and 15-min postexercise.


RESULTS
There were significant increases in GH, T, and FT and lactate for both trials, but only GH and lactate were greater for the CON trial.


CONCLUSION
CON exercise increases GH concentrations to a much greater extent than ECC exercise at the same absolute load, and it is likely that greater GH responses were related to intensity rather than mode of contraction. Also, CON and ECC dynamic contraction trials at the same absolute workload elicited similar small but significant increases in T and FT, indicating that the greater metabolic stress produced by during the CON trial did not affect these hormone responses.
Law without Law

We consider a model for spacetime in which there is an ubiquitous background Dark Energy which is the Zero Point Field. This is further modeled in terms of a Weiner process that leads to a Random or Brownian characterization. Nevertheless we are able to recover meaningful physics, very much in the spirit of Wheeler's Law without Law, that is laws emerging from an underpinning of lawlessness.
End-to-side venous anastomosis with an anastomotic coupling device for microvascular free-tissue transfer in head and neck reconstruction.

OBJECTIVE
The purpose of this study is to demonstrate the success rate of using a coupling device for end-to-side venous anastomosis in patients undergoing free-tissue transfer (FTT) in head and neck reconstruction.


METHODS AND MEASURES
Retrospective data were collected in consecutive series of 134 patients undergoing surgical resection of head and neck tumors followed by FTT. All microvascular FTTs were performed at Yale-New Haven Hospital between November 2001 and August 2007. The Unilink coupling device was used to perform arterial and venous anastomosis in this case series. Flap survival and thrombosis of the venous anastomoses were determined.


RESULTS
One hundred thirty-four consecutive patients underwent a total of 137 microvascular FTTs using a coupling device. In our series, a total of 173 end-to-side anastomoses were completed in 96 patients. Of these, 77 patients had both venous anastomoses, 17 underwent one end-to-side and one end-to-end anastomoses, and two patients had one venous anastomosis per patient performed in end-to-side fashion. Reconstruction included 76 radial forearm, 17 fibula, and three rectus abdominis free flaps. There were three vascular insufficiency related complications of which two were salvageable. There was one case of flap failure (1%), resulting in a free flap survival rate of 99%.


CONCLUSION
This largest reported series of end-to-side venous anastomoses with an anastomotic coupling device demonstrates feasibility and efficacy of this technique in head and neck reconstruction.