LLukas22/scidocs huggingface dataset:
Inclusive growth: an imperative for African agriculture

The findings, interpretations and conclusions expressed in this report are those of the authors and do not necessarily imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of the Management or the Executive Directors of the African Development Bank, nor the Governments they represent, nor of the other institutions mentioned in this study. In the preparation of this report, every effort has been made to provide the most up to date, correct and clearly expressed information as possible; however, the authors do not guarantee accuracy of the data. Rights and Permissions All rights reserved. Reproduction, citation and dissemination of material contained in this information product for educational and non-commercial purposes are authorized without any prior written permission from the publisher, if the source is fully acknowledged. Reproduction of material in this information product for resale or other commercial purposes is prohibited. Since 2000, Africa has been experiencing a remarkable economic growth accompanied by improving democratic environment. Real GDP growth has risen by more than twice its pace in the last decade. Telecommunications, financial services and banking, construction and private-investment inflows have also increased substantially. However, most of the benefits of the high growth rates achieved over the last few years have not reached the rural poor. For this to happen, substantial growth in the agriculture sector will need to be stimulated and sustained, as the sector is key to inclusive growth, given its proven record of contributing to more robust reduction of poverty. This is particularly important when juxtaposed with the fact that the majority of Africa's poor are engaged in agriculture, a sector which supports the livelihoods of 90 percent of Africa's population. The sector also provides employment for about 60 percent of the economically active population, and 70 percent of the continent's poorest communities. In spite of agriculture being an acknowledged leading growth driver for Africa, the potential of the sector's contribution to growth and development has been underexploited mainly due to a variety of challenges, including the widening technology divide, weak infrastructure and declining technical capacity. These challenges have been exacerbated by weak input and output marketing systems and services, slow progress in regional integration, land access and rights issues, limited access to affordable credit, challenging governance issues in some countries, conflicts, effects of climate change, and the scourge of HIV/AIDS and other diseases. Green growth is critical to Africa because of the fragility of the …
Knowledge Management a way to gain a competitive advantage in firms ( evidence of manufacturing companies )

Knowledge as the basis of competition is the most important factor and the knowledge, innovations also Technology and knowledge based companies as the most important factor for survival is known. Knowledge Process Entrepreneurship, the creation of knowledge and the conversion of products and services through innovation. The most basic feature of Intelligent Organizations twenty-first century, the emphasis on knowledge and information. Unlike previous organizations, organizations advanced technologies today, require Acquisition, management and exploitation of knowledge and information to improve efficiency, manage and track Variations are endless. Knowledge is a powerful tool that can change the world And innovations made possible. Knowledge management is an interdisciplinary business model with all aspects of knowledge creation, Coding, sharing and using knowledge to enhance learning and innovation in the context of the company and Is working. This study developed a questionnaire and send it to companies located in the industrial town managers found that knowledge management has an impact on the surface of the competitive advantage's Knowledge management and competitive advantage, Innovation , Organizational performance, Customer satisfaction, The study variables were. Ranged the in 2,013th were tested. The results indicate that Knowledge management has made a significant competitive advantage.
Multiple-attribute decision making methods for plant layout design problem

The layout design problem is a strategic issue and has a significant impact on the efficiency of a manufacturing system. Much of the existing layout design literature that uses a surrogate function for flow distance or for simplified objectives may be entrapped into local optimum; and subsequently lead to a poor layout design due to the multiple-attribute decision making (MADM) nature of a layout design decision. The present study explores the use of MADM approaches in solving a layout design problem. The proposed methodology is illustrated through a practical application from an IC packaging company. Two methods are proposed in solving the case study problem: Technique for order preference by similarity to ideal solution (TOPSIS) and fuzzy TOPSIS. Empirical results showed that the proposed methods are viable approaches in solving a layout design problem. TOPSIS is a viable approach for the case study problem and is suitable for precise value performance ratings. When the performance ratings are vague and imprecise, the fuzzy TOPSIS is a preferred solution method. r 2006 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Blockchain access control Ecosystem for Big Data security

In recent years, the advancement in modern technologies has not only resulted in an explosion of huge data sets being captured and recorded in different fields, but also given rise to concerns in the security and protection of data during storage, transmission, processing, and access. The blockchain is a distributed ledger that records transactions in a secure, flexible, verifiable and permanent way. Transactions in a blockchain can be an exchange of an asset, the execution of the terms of a smart contract, or an update to a record. In this paper, we have developed a blockchain access control ecosystem that gives asset owners the sovereign right to effectively manage access control of large data sets and protect against data breaches. The Linux Foundation's Hyperledger Fabric blockchain is used to run the business network while the Hyperledger composer modeling tool is used to implement the smart contracts or transaction processing functions that run on the blockchain network. Keywords—Blockchain, access control, data sharing, privacy, data protection, hyperledger, distributed ledger technology, smart contract
2 State Transition Graph ( STG )

SIS is an interactive tool for synthesis and optimization of sequential circuits. Given a state transition table, a signal transition graph, or a logic-level description of a sequential circuit, it produces an optimized net-list in the target technology while preserving the sequential input-output behavior. Many different programs and algorithms have been integrated into SIS, allowing the user to choose among a variety of techniques at each stage of the process. It is built on top of MISII [5] and includes all (combinational) optimization techniques therein as well as many enhancements. SIS serves as both a framework within which various algorithms can be tested and compared, and as a tool for automatic synthesis and optimization of sequential circuits. This paper provides an overview of SIS. The first part contains descriptions of the input specification, STG (state transition graph) manipulation, new logic optimization and verification algorithms, ASTG (asynchronous signal transition graph) manipulation, and synthesis for PGA’s (programmable gate arrays). The second part contains a tutorial example illustrating the design process using SIS.
FingerScanner: Embedding a Fingerprint Scanner in a Raspberry Pi

Nowadays, researchers are paying increasing attention to embedding systems. Cost reduction has lead to an increase in the number of platforms supporting the operating system Linux, jointly with the Raspberry Pi motherboard. Thus, embedding devices on Raspberry-Linux systems is a goal in order to make competitive commercial products. This paper presents a low-cost fingerprint recognition system embedded into a Raspberry Pi with Linux.
Retinal Arteriolar Morphometry Based on Full Width at Half Maximum Analysis of Spectral-Domain Optical Coherence Tomography Images

OBJECTIVES
In this study, we develop a microdensitometry method using full width at half maximum (FWHM) analysis of the retinal vascular structure in a spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) image and present the application of this method in the morphometry of arteriolar changes during hypertension.


METHODS
Two raters using manual and FWHM methods measured retinal vessel outer and lumen diameters in SD-OCT images. Inter-rater reproducibility was measured using coefficients of variation (CV), intraclass correlation coefficient and a Bland-Altman plot. OCT images from forty-three eyes of 43 hypertensive patients and 40 eyes of 40 controls were analyzed using an FWHM approach; wall thickness, wall cross-sectional area (WCSA) and wall to lumen ratio (WLR) were subsequently calculated.


RESULTS
Mean difference in inter-rater agreement ranged from -2.713 to 2.658 μm when using a manual method, and ranged from -0.008 to 0.131 μm when using a FWHM approach. The inter-rater CVs were significantly less for the FWHM approach versus the manual method (P < 0.05). Compared with controls, the wall thickness, WCSA and WLR of retinal arterioles were increased in the hypertensive patients, particular in diabetic hypertensive patients.


CONCLUSIONS
The microdensitometry method using a FWHM algorithm markedly improved inter-rater reproducibility of arteriolar morphometric analysis, and SD-OCT may represent a promising noninvasive method for in vivo arteriolar morphometry.
Optimal Fan Speed Control for Thermal Management of Servers

Improving the cooling efficiency of servers has become an essential requirement in data centers today as the power used to cool the servers has become an increasingly large component of the total power consumption. Additionally, fan speed control has emerged in recent years as a critical part of system thermal architecture. However, the state of the art in server fan control often results in over provisioning of air flow that leads to high fan power consumption. It can be exacerbated in server architectures that share cooling resources among server components, where single hot spot can often drive the operation of a multiplicity of fans. To address this problem, this paper presents a novel multiinput multi-output (MIMO) fan controller that utilizes thermal models developed from first-principles to manipulate the operation of fans. The controller tunes the speeds of individual fans proactively based on prediction of the sever temperatures. Experimental results show that, with fans controlled by the optimal controller, over-provisioning of cooling air is eliminated, temperatures are more tightly controlled and fan energy consumption is reduced by up to 20% compared to that with a zone-based feedback controller.
3D printing: the new industrial revolution

This publication contains reprint articles for which IEEE does not hold copyright. Full text is not available on IEEE Xplore for these articles.
Learners' acceptance of e-learning in South Korea: Theories and results

0360-1315/$ see front matter 2009 Elsevier Ltd. A doi:10.1016/j.compedu.2009.06.014 * Corresponding author. Tel.: +1 309 298 1409; fax E-mail address: I-Lee@wiu.edu (I. Lee). One of the most significant changes in the field of education in this information age is the paradigm shift from teacher-centered to learner-centered education. Along with this paradigm shift, understanding of students’ e-learning adoption behavior among various countries is urgently needed. South Korea’s dense student population and high educational standards made investment in e-learning very cost-effective. However, despite the fact that South Korea is one of the fastest growing countries in e-learning, not much of the research results have been known to the globalized world. By investigating critical factors on e-learning adoption in South Korea, our study attempts to fill a gap in the individual country-level e-learning research. Based on the extensive literature review on flow theory, service quality, and the Technology Acceptance Model, our study proposes a research model which consists of four independent variables (instructor characteristics, teaching materials, design of learning contents, and playfulness), two belief variables (perceived usefulness and perceived ease of use), and one dependent variable (intention to use e-learning). Results of regression analyses are presented. Managerial implications of the findings and future research directions are also discussed. 2009 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Structured-light 3 D surface imaging : a tutorial

We provide a review of recent advances in 3D surface imaging technologies. We focus particularly on noncontact 3D surface measurement techniques based on structured illumination. The high-speed and high-resolution pattern projection capability offered by the digital light projection technology, together with the recent advances in imaging sensor technologies, may enable new generation systems for 3D surface measurement applications that will provide much better functionality and performance than existing ones in terms of speed, accuracy, resolution, modularization, and ease of use. Performance indexes of 3D imaging system are discussed, and various 3D surface imaging schemes are categorized, illustrated, and compared. Calibration techniques are also discussed, since they play critical roles in achieving the required precision. Numerous applications of 3D surface imaging technologies are discussed with several examples. c © 2011 Optical Society of America
Control of esophageal and intragastric pH with compounded and manufactured omeprazole in patients with reflux esophagitis: a pilot study.

BACKGROUND
Proton pump inhibitors (PPI) are the drugs of choice for treatment of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD). Omeprazole, the first PPI commercialized, is now available in different formulations.


OBJECTIVES
To compare the efficacy of different omeprazole formulations on gastric acid secretion measured by intragastric and esophageal pH monitoring in patients with reflux esophagitis.


METHODS
Prospective, open, randomized clinical trial involving H. pylori negative patients with typical symptoms of GERD. Patients were submitted to 24-h intragastric and esophageal pH studies during use of six different formulations of compounded and manufactured omeprazole.


RESULTS
Thirty patients, 19 female, median age 55 years were studied. The intragastric pH was maintained below 4.0 for a median of 36.7% of total time in compounded group and 47.7% in manufactured group (p>0.05). There was also no statistical difference between the median percentage of time of pH below 4.0 in orthostatic and supine position in compounded and manufactured groups (30.1% and 49.6% and 28.8% and 55.2%, respectively). The esophageal pH was maintained below 4.0 for a median of 0.1% of total time in compounded group and 0.4% in manufactured group (p>0.05). In orthostatic position the median percentage of time of esophageal pH below 4.0 was 0.0% in both groups (p>0.05). In supine position, the median percentage of time of esophageal pH below 4.0 was 0.1% and 0.3% in compounded and manufactured groups, respectively (p>0.05).


CONCLUSION
The omeprazole formulations studied (compounded and manufactured) showed similar control of gastric acid secretion and esophageal acid exposure in patients with reflux esophagitis.
Riemannian Geometry Applied to BCI Classification

In brain computer interface based on motor imagery, covariances matrices are widely used through spatial filters computation and other signal processing methods. Covariances matrices lie in the space of Semi-definite Positives (SPD) matrices and therefore, fall within the Riemannian geometry domain. Using a differential geometry frameworks, we propose different algorithms in order to classify covariances matrices in their native space.
A Geotectonic Model of the Svecofennidic Orogeny

Abstract The nowadays generally accepted history of the Archaean Svecofennidic orogeny seems to fit very well into a cyclic pattern with four cycles. Each cycle begins with the eruption of acid rocks and ends with basic ones. As an explanation of this cyclic development mobilisation, or melting in the border region between the sial and the underlying basic layer or mantle is proposed. The acid mobilised rock or magma, being lighter than the underlying basic one, prevents the latter from moving upwards in the crust until almost all acid magma has left the magma chamber. The result of this is the observed sequence of eruption beginning with acid rocks and ending with basic ones. The strong movements during the first folding phase of the orogeny, however, mix to some extent the acid and basic magmas forming the calc-alkaline suite of eruptive rocks. This cycle begins with basic intrusions and is followed by acid ones because the basic magmas move faster than the acid ones owing to their lower viscosity. At t...
Cryptographic Cloud Storage

We consider the problem of building a secure cloud storage service on top of a public cloud infrastructure where the service provider is not completely trusted by the customer. We describe, at a high level, several architectures that combine recent and non-standard cryptographic primitives in order to achieve our goal. We survey the benefits such an architecture would provide to both customers and service providers and give an overview of recent advances in cryptography motivated specifically by cloud storage.
Feature Selection for SVMs

We introduce a method of feature selection for Support Vector Machines. The method is based upon finding those features which minimize bounds on the leave-one-out error. This search can be efficiently performed via gradient descent. The resulting algorithms are shown to be superior to some standard feature selection algorithms on both toy data and real-life problems of face recognition, pedestrian detection and analyzing DNA micro array data.
Genetic variation of alcohol dehydrogenase type 1C (ADH1C), alcohol consumption, and metabolic cardiovascular risk factors: results from the IMMIDIET study.

INTRODUCTION
Moderate alcohol consumption is protective against cardiovascular disease (CAD). ADHs are major enzymes of alcohol metabolism. A polymorphism in the alcohol dehydrogenases 1C gene (ADH1C) was reportedly associated with the protective effect of alcohol consumption on CAD risk and risk factor levels.


AIMS
The aim of our study was to investigate whether the association of alcohol consumption with metabolic risk factors for CAD is related to ADH1C variants.


METHODS
IMMIDIET is a cross-sectional study of 974 healthy male-female pairs living together, randomly recruited in Belgium, Italy and England. The rs698 ADH1C polymorphism was genotyped. A 1-year recall food frequency questionnaire was used to estimate alcohol intake.


RESULTS
The intake of alcohol did not vary in relation to ADH1C genotypes. BMI, waist circumference (WC), waist-to-hip ratio, blood pressure, HDL or total cholesterol, triglycerides and FVII:ag levels were positively associated with alcohol intake in men (multivariate ANOVA). Regression coefficient for alcohol and BMI or WC was progressively higher in heterozygotes and gamma 2 homozygotes as compared to gamma 1 homozygotes (p=0.006 and p=0.03 for interaction, respectively). No interaction was found for other risk factors. In women, alcohol intake was positively associated with HDL, LDL and FVII:ag levels but no interaction was found between ADH1C polymorphism and any risk factor.


CONCLUSION
Regulation of ADH1C genotype on the association between alcohol consumption, BMI and WC was found in men from different European countries. In men homozygous for the gamma 2 alleles, intake of alcohol was positively associated with both BMI and WC values.
The Finite Volume-Complete Flux Scheme for Advection-Diffusion-Reaction Equations

We present a new finite volume scheme for the advection-diffusion-reaction equation. The scheme is second order accurate in the grid size, both for dominant diffusion and dominant advection, and has only a three-point coupling in each spatial direction. Our scheme is based on a new integral representation for the flux of the one-dimensional advection-diffusion-reaction equation, which is derived from the solution of a local boundary value problem for the entire equation, including the source term. The flux therefore consists of two parts, corresponding to the homogeneous and particular solution of the boundary value problem. Applying suitable quadrature rules to the integral representation gives the complete flux scheme. Extensions of the complete flux scheme to two-dimensional and time-dependent problems are derived, containing the cross flux term or the time derivative in the inhomogeneous flux, respectively. The resulting finite volume-complete flux scheme is validated for several test problems.
Processing the Text of the Holy Quran: a Text Mining Study

The Holy Quran is the reference book for more than 1.6 billion of Muslims all around the world Extracting information and knowledge from the Holy Quran is of high benefit for both specialized people in Islamic studies as well as non-specialized people. This paper initiates a series of research studies that aim to serve the Holy Quran and provide helpful and accurate information and knowledge to the all human beings. Also, the planned research studies aim to lay out a framework that will be used by researchers in the field of Arabic natural language processing by providing a ”Golden Dataset” along with useful techniques and information that will advance this field further. The aim of this paper is to find an approach for analyzing Arabic text and then providing statistical information which might be helpful for the people in this research area. In this paper the holly Quran text is preprocessed and then different text mining operations are applied to it to reveal simple facts about the terms of the holy Quran. The results show a variety of characteristics of the Holy Quran such as its most important words, its wordcloud and chapters with high term frequencies. All these results are based on term frequencies that are calculated using both Term Frequency (TF) and Term Frequency-Inverse Document Frequency (TF-IDF) methods. Keywords—Holy Quran; Text Mining; Arabic Natural Language Processing