LLukas22/scidocs huggingface dataset:
Peer Group Status of Gender Dysphoric Children: A Sociometric Study

In this sociometric study, we aimed to investigate the social position of gender-referred children in a naturalistic environment. We used a peer nomination technique to examine their social position in the class and we specifically examined bullying and victimization of gender dysphoric children. A total of 28 children (14 boys and 14 girls), referred to a gender identity clinic, and their classmates (n = 495) were included (M age, 10.5 years). Results showed that the gender-referred children had a peer network of children of the opposite sex. Gender-referred boys had more nominations on peer acceptance from female classmates and less from male classmates as compared to other male classmates. Gender-referred girls were more accepted by male than by female classmates and these girls had significantly more male friends and less female friends. Male classmates rejected gender-referred boys more than other boys, whereas female classmates did not reject the gender-referred girls. For bullying and victimization, we did not find any significant differences between the gender-referred boys and their male classmates nor between the gender-referred girls and their female classmates. In sum, at elementary school age, the relationships of gender dysphoric children with opposite-sex children appeared to be better than with same-sex children. The social position of gender-referred boys was less favorable than that of gender-referred girls. However, the gender-referred children were not more often bullied than other children, despite their gender nonconforming behavior.
Excitotoxic neuroprotection and vulnerability with CaMKII inhibition

Aberrant calcium signaling is a common feature of ischemia and multiple neurodegenerative diseases. While activation of calcium-calmodulin (CaM)-dependent protein kinase II (CaMKII) is a key event in calcium signaling, its role in excitotoxicity is controversial. Our findings demonstrate neuroprotection in neuronal cultures treated with the small molecule (KN-93) and peptide (tat-AIP and tat-CN21) inhibitors of CaMKII immediately prior to excitotoxic glutamate/glycine insult. Unlike KN-93 which blocks CaMKII activation, but not constitutively active forms of CaMKII, tat-CN21 and tat-AIP significantly reduced excitotoxicity in cultured neurons when applied post-insult. We observed that the neuroprotective effects of tat-CN21 are greatest when applied before the toxic glutamate challenge and diminish with time, with the neuroprotection associated with CaMKII inhibition diminishing back to control 3h post glutamate insult. Mechanistically, tat-CN21 inhibition of CaMKII resulted in an increase in CaMKII activity and the percentage of soluble αCaMKII observed in neuronal lysates 24h following glutamate stimulation. To address the impact of prolonged CaMKII inhibition prior to excitotoxic insult, neuronal cultures were treated with CaMKII inhibitors overnight and then subjected to a sub-maximal excitotoxic insult. In this model, CaMKII inhibition prior to insult exacerbated neuronal death, suggesting that a loss of CaMKII enhances neuronal vulnerability to glutamate. Although changes in αCaMKII or NR2B protein levels are not responsible for this enhanced glutamate vulnerability, this process is blocked by the protein translation inhibitor cycloheximide. In total, the neuroprotection afforded by CaMKII inhibition can be seen as neuroprotective immediately surrounding the excitotoxic insult, whereas sustained CaMKII inhibition produced by excitotoxicity leads to neuronal death by enhancing neuronal vulnerability to glutamate.
Stronger Nations Stronger Relations -New Prospects for Asia Pacific Regional Integration - Section on Social and Cultural Issues - Panel B Rediscovery of Social and Cultural Development

As we are engaging in the Asia-Pacific, the position of Taiwan as an early linguistic factor in the dispersal of languages is important to observe. The region is seeking collaboration and partnership with its associates of heritage. Taiwan from Neolithic prehistory has ushered in the Austronesian languages that became about 1,200 in number spreading across ocean settlements. For most of the region of Island Southeast Asia and Oceania, the Austronesian speaking peoples have prevailed for several thousand years, extending from archaic origins, with examples found in Formosan languages, through the Malayo-Polynesian languages of the islands of Philippines, Malaysia, Indonesia, Micronesia, Melanesia to Polynesia, and across the Indian Ocean to Madagascar. These languages are valuable, regardless of their extent, influence, or number of speakers, as part of the basic richness of humanity - a far-reaching legacy of communication and worldviews. 1
Unpleasant and pleasant memories of intensive care in adult mechanically ventilated patients--findings from 250 interviews.

AIM
In order to improve the patients' comfort and well-being during and after a stay in the intensive care unit (ICU), the patients' perspective on the intensive care experience in terms of memories is essential. The aim of this study was to describe unpleasant and pleasant memories of the ICU stay in adult mechanically ventilated patients.


METHOD
Mechanically ventilated adults admitted for more than 24hours from two Swedish general ICUs were included and interviewed 5 days after ICU discharge using two open-ended questions. The data were analysed exploring the manifest content.


FINDINGS
Of the 250 patients interviewed, 81% remembered the ICU stay, 71% described unpleasant memories and 59% pleasant. Ten categories emerged from the content analyses (five from unpleasant and five from pleasant memories), contrasting with each other: physical distress and relief of physical distress, emotional distress and emotional well-being, perceptual distress and perceptual well-being, environmental distress and environmental comfort, and stress-inducing care and caring service.


CONCLUSION
Most critical care patients have both unpleasant and pleasant memories of their ICU stay. Pleasant memories such as support and caring service are important to relief the stress and may balance the impact of the distressing memories of the ICU stay.
Integration of Radio Frequency Identification and Wireless Sensor Networks

.................................................................................................................... iii ÖZ ...................................................................................................................................... v DEDICATION ................................................................................................................ vii ACKNOWLEDGMENTS ............................................................................................. viii LIST OF TABLES .......................................................................................................... xii LIST OF FIGURES ....................................................................................................... xiii LIST OF SYMBOLS/ABBREVIATIONS ...................................................................... xv
Adverse events associated with acupuncture: three multicentre randomized controlled trials of 1968 cases in China

BACKGROUND
In order to evaluate the safety of acupuncture in China objectively, we investigated the adverse events associated with acupuncture based on three multicentre randomized controlled trials (RCTs) to assess the safety of acupuncture, identifying the common types of acupuncture adverse events, and analysing the related risk factors for their occurrence.


METHODS
This observational study included patients who received acupuncture from three multicentre RCTs respectively for migraine, functional dyspepsia and Bell's palsy. The 1968 patients and their acupuncturists documented adverse events associated with acupuncture after treatment. We collected data about adverse events due to acupuncture treatment from their case report forms. We analysed the incidence and details of the adverse effects, and studied the risk factors for acupuncture adverse events with non-conditional logistic regression analysis.


RESULTS
Among the 1968 patients, 74 patients (3.76%) suffered at least one adverse event throughout the treatment period. We did not observe the occurrence of serious adverse events. 73 patients with adverse events recovered within 2 weeks through effective treatment such as physiotherapy or self-treatment. A total of 3 patients withdrew because of adverse events. There were 9 types of adverse events related to acupuncture, including subcutaneous haematoma, bleeding, skin bruising and needle site pain. Subcutaneous haematoma and haemorrhage in the needling points were the most common adverse events. Age and gender were related to the occurrence of acupuncture adverse events. The older the patients were, the higher the risk of adverse events was. In addition, male patients had slightly higher risk of an adverse event than female patients.


CONCLUSIONS
Acupuncture is a safe therapy with low risk of adverse events in clinical practice. The risk factors for adverse events (AEs) were related to the patients' gender and age and the local anatomical structure of the acupoints. AEs could be reduced and mitigated by improving the medical environment, ensuring a high technical level of the acupuncture practitioners and establishing a good relationship of mutual trust between doctor and patient.


TRIAL REGISTRATION
ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT00599586, NCT00599677, NCT00608660.
Photodynamic inactivation of Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli biofilms by malachite green and phenothiazine dyes: an in vitro study.

OBJECTIVES
The organization of biofilms in the oral cavity gives them added resistance to antimicrobial agents. The action of phenothiazinic photosensitizers on oral biofilms has already been reported. However, the action of the malachite green photosensitizer upon biofilm-organized microorganisms has not been described. The objective of the present work was to compare the action of malachite green with the phenothiazinic photosensitizers (methylene blue and toluidine blue) on Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli biofilms.


METHODS
The biofilms were grown on sample pieces of acrylic resin and subjected to photodynamic therapy using a 660-nm diode laser and photosensitizer concentrations ranging from 37.5 to 3000 μM. After photodynamic therapy, cells from the biofilms were dispersed in a homogenizer and cultured in Brain Heart Infusion broth for quantification of colony-forming units per experimental protocol. For each tested microorganism, two control groups were maintained: one exposed to the laser radiation without the photosensitizer (L+PS-) and other treated with the photosensitizer without exposure to the red laser light (L-PS+). The results were subjected to descriptive statistical analysis.


RESULTS
The best results for S. aureus and E. coli biofilms were obtained with photosensitizer concentrations of approximately 300 μM methylene blue, with microbial reductions of 0.8-1.0 log(10); 150 μM toluidine blue, with microbial reductions of 0.9-1.0 log(10); and 3000 μM malachite green, with microbial reductions of 1.6-4.0 log(10).


CONCLUSION
Greater microbial reduction was achieved with the malachite green photosensitizer when used at higher concentrations than those employed for the phenothiazinic dyes.
Safety and immunogenicity of the tau vaccine AADvac1 in patients with Alzheimer's disease: a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, phase 1 trial

BACKGROUND
Neurofibrillary pathology composed of tau protein is a main correlate of cognitive impairment in patients with Alzheimer's disease. Immunotherapy targeting pathological tau proteins is therefore a promising strategy for disease-modifying treatment of Alzheimer's disease. We have developed an active vaccine, AADvac1, against pathological tau proteins and assessed it in a phase 1 trial.


METHODS
We did a first-in-man, phase 1, 12 week, randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled study of AADvac1 with a 12 week open-label extension in patients aged 50-85 years with mild-to-moderate Alzheimer's disease at four centres in Austria. We randomly assigned patients with a computer-generated sequence in a 4:1 ratio overall to receive AADvac1 or placebo. They received three subcutaneous doses of AADvac1 or placebo from masked vaccine kits at monthly intervals, and then entered the open-label phase, in which all patients were allocated to AADvac1 treatment and received another three doses at monthly intervals. Patients, carers, and all involved with the trial were masked to treatment allocation. The primary endpoint was all-cause treatment-emergent adverse events, with separate analyses for injection site reactions and other adverse events. We include all patients who received at least one dose of AADvac1 in the safety assessment. Patients who had a positive IgG titre against the tau peptide component of AADvac1 at least once during the study were classified as responders. The first-in-man study is registered with EU Clinical Trials Register, number EudraCT 2012-003916-29, and ClinicalTrials.gov, number NCT01850238; the follow-up study, which is ongoing, is registered with EU Clinical Trials Register, number EudraCT 2013-004499-36, and ClinicalTrials.gov, number NCT02031198.


FINDINGS
This study was done between June 9, 2013, and March 26, 2015. 30 patients were randomly assigned in the double-blind phase: 24 patients to the AADvac1 group and six to the placebo group. A total of 30 patients received AADvac1. Two patients withdrew because of serious adverse events. The most common adverse events were injection site reactions after administration (reported in 16 [53%] vaccinated patients [92 individual events]). No cases of meningoencephalitis or vasogenic oedema occurred after administration. One patient with pre-existing microhaemorrhages had newly occurring microhaemorrhages. Of 30 patients given AADvac1, 29 developed an IgG immune response. A geometric mean IgG antibody titre of 1:31415 was achieved. Baseline values of CD3+ CD4+ lymphocytes correlated with achieved antibody titres.


INTERPRETATION
AADvac1 had a favourable safety profile and excellent immunogenicity in this first-in-man study. Further trials are needed to corroborate the safety assessment and to establish proof of clinical efficacy of AADvac1.


FUNDING
AXON Neuroscience SE.
MaxUSE: A Tool for Finding Achievable Constraints and Conflicts for Inconsistent UML Class Diagrams

In the context of Model Driven Engineering (MDE), the structure of a system is typically described by using a UML class diagram annotated with a set of Object Constraint Language (OCL) constraints. These constraints specify rules that are not expressible by using structural features. These constraints can be conflicting, resulting in inconsistencies. When this happens, the existing tools terminate and provide no information about which constraints are achievable and which ones cause conflicts. In this paper, we present MaxUSE, a tool for finding achievable OCL constraints and conflicts for inconsistent UML class diagrams. MaxUSE integrates the USE modeling tool with a satisfiability modulo theories (SMT) solver. It finds a set of achievable constraints based on their rankings by casting to a weighted MaxSMT problem and at the same time locates constraint conflicts. We use an example to demonstrate MaxUSE’s usage scenarios and discuss its usefulness to the community.
A positive 2-item Patient Health Questionnaire depression screen among hospitalized heart failure patients is associated with elevated 12-month mortality.

BACKGROUND
Given the association of depression with poorer cardiac outcomes, an American Heart Association Science Advisory has advocated routine screening of cardiac patients for depression using the 2-item Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-2) "at a minimum." However, the prognostic value of the PHQ-2 among HF patients is unknown.


METHODS AND RESULTS
We screened hospitalized HF patients (ejection fraction [EF] <40%) that staff suspected may be depressed with the PHQ-2, and then determined vital status at up to 12-months follow-up. At baseline, PHQ-2 depression screen-positive patients (PHQ-2+; n = 371), compared with PHQ-2 screen-negative patients (PHQ-2-; n = 100), were younger (65 vs 70 years) and more likely to report New York Heart Association (NYHA) functional class III/IV than class II symptoms (67% vs. 39%) and lower levels of physical and mental health-related quality of life (all P ≤ .002); they were similar in other characteristics (65% male, 26% mean EF). At 12 months, 20% of PHQ-2+ versus 8% of PHQ-2- patients had died (P = .007) and PHQ-2 status remained associated with both all-cause (hazard ratio [HR] 3.1, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.4-6.7; P = .003) and cardiovascular (HR 2.7, 95% CI 1.1-6.6; P = .03) mortality even after adjustment for age, gender, EF, NYHA functional class, and a variety of other covariates.


CONCLUSIONS
Among hospitalized HF patients, a positive PHQ-2 depression screen is associated with an elevated 12-month mortality risk.
Assessing Drivers of E-Business Value: Results of a Cross-Country Study

This study seeks to better understand the facors that contribute to value creation of e-business. Grounded in the technology-organization-environment (TOE) framework, we developed a research model for assessing the value of e-business at the firm level. Based on this framework, we formulated six hypotheses and identified six factors (technology integration, firm size, firm scope, financial resources, competition intensity, and regulatory environment) that may affect value creation of e-business. Survey data of 612 firms across 10 countries in the financial services industry were collected and used to test the theoretical model. To examine how e-business value is influenced by national environments, we compared two subsamples from developed and developing countries. Structural equation modeling demonstrated several key findings: (1) Within the TOE framework, technology integration emerges as the strongest factor for e-business value, while financial resources, firm scope, and regulatory environment also significantly contribute to e-business value. (2) Firm size is negatively related to e-business value, suggesting that structural inertia associated with large firms tends to retard ebusiness value. (3) Competitive pressure often drives firms to adopt e-business, but e-business value originates more from internal organizational resources (e.g., technological integration) than from external pressure. (4) Government regulation plays a much more important role in developing countries than in developed countries. These findings indicate the usefulness of the TOE framework and our research model for studying e-business value.
Parallel Genetic Algorithm for the Capacitated Lot-Sizing Problem

A parallel genetic algorithm is presented to solve the well-known capacitated lot-sizing problem. The approach is implemented on a massively parallel single instruction multiple data architecture with 16384 4-bit processors. Based on a random keys representation a schedule is backward oriented obtained which enables us to apply a very simple capacity check. 1 Parallel Genetic Algorithm Genetic algorithms are a general purpose optimization technique inspired by population genetics. The elds in which genetic algorithms are used range from operations research problems [17] and learning classi er systems[7], [11] to training neural networks [3]. For a detailed introduction to genetic algorithms see e.g. [9] or [15]. A genetic algorithm models the development of a population over a number of generations as it happens in nature. The understanding is that in nature the
Communication of Emotion in Social Robots through Simple Head and Arm Movements

Understanding how people perceive robot gestures will aid the design of robots capable of social interaction with humans. We examined the generation and perception of a restricted form of gesture in a robot capable of simple head and arm movement, referring to point-light animation and video experiments in human motion to derive our hypotheses. Four studies were conducted to look at the effects of situational context, gesture complexity, emotional valence and author expertise. In Study 1, four participants created gestures with corresponding emotions based on 12 scenarios provided. The resulting gestures were judged by 12 participants in a second study. Participants’ recognition of emotion was better than chance and improved when situational context was provided. Ratings of lifelikeness were found to be related to the number of arm movements (but not head movements) in a gesture. In Study 3, five novices and five puppeteers created gestures conveying Ekman’s six basic emotions which were shown to 12 Study 4 participants. Puppetry experience improved identification rates only for the emotions of fear and disgust, possibly because of limitations with the robot’s movement. The results demonstrate the communication of emotion by a social robot capable of only simple head and arm movement. Funding provided by the Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (JSPS), the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada (NSERC), Bell University Labs and the University of Toronto. J. Li ( ) · M. Chignell Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, University of Toronto, 5 King’s College Road, Toronto, ON M5S 3G8, Canada e-mail: jamy.li@utoronto.ca M. Chignell e-mail: chignell@mie.utoronto.ca
Frontal planar QRS/T angle can be a prognostic factor in the early postoperative period of patients undergoing coronary bypass surgery.

BACKGROUND
Wide QRS/T angle reflects the ventricular repolarization heterogeneity and has been found in association with cardiac morbidity and mortality in various study populations. However, literature data about the availability of QRS/T angle in patients undergoing cardiac surgery has not yet been available.


METHODS
A total of 157 patients who underwent isolated coronary artery bypass surgery were included in this study. A preoperative 12-lead ECG was obtained one day before surgical procedure. The absolute difference between the frontal QRS wave axes and T-wave axes was defined as frontal planar QRS/T angle. Afterwards, patients were divided into two groups according to their frontal planar QRS/T angle (the cut-off value as 90°).


RESULTS
Group 1 consisted of 109 patients with frontal planar QRS/T angle of <90, and the remaining 48 patients with frontal planar QRS/T angle 90 were placed into group 2. Mean EuroSCORE was much higher in group 2. There were significant differences for positive inotropic agent usage (27.5% for group 1 versus 58.3% for group 2, P < .001) and the prevalence of postoperative atrial fibrillation (11.9% for group 1 versus 31.2% for group 2, P = .004) between the two groups. In multivariate logistic regression analysis, used to determine the independent predictors of positive inotropic usage in the early postoperative period, only frontal planar QRS/T angle (OR: 0.989, 95% CI: 0.981-0.997, P = .008) and EuroSCORE (OR: 0.792, 95% CI: 0.646-0.971, P = .025) were found to be statistically significant.


CONCLUSION
We found that frontal planar QRS/T angle might be an important preoperative parameter in predicting the need for inotropic drugs in the early postoperative period following coronary artery bypass surgery.