LLukas22/scidocs huggingface dataset:
K-isomorphism: privacy preserving network publication against structural attacks

Serious concerns on privacy protection in social networks have been raised in recent years; however, research in this area is still in its infancy. The problem is challenging due to the diversity and complexity of graph data, on which an adversary can use many types of background knowledge to conduct an attack. One popular type of attacks as studied by pioneer work [2] is the use of embedding subgraphs. We follow this line of work and identify two realistic targets of attacks, namely, NodeInfo and LinkInfo. Our investigations show that k-isomorphism, or anonymization by forming k pairwise isomorphic subgraphs, is both sufficient and necessary for the protection. The problem is shown to be NP-hard. We devise a number of techniques to enhance the anonymization efficiency while retaining the data utility. A compound vertex ID mechanism is also introduced for privacy preservation over multiple data releases. The satisfactory performance on a number of real datasets, including HEP-Th, EUemail and LiveJournal, illustrates that the high symmetry of social networks is very helpful in mitigating the difficulty of the problem.
Serum free β-human chorionic gonadotropin in the three trimesters of pregnancy: effects of maternal characteristics and medical history.

OBJECTIVE
To define the contribution of maternal variables which influence the measured level of maternal serum free β-human chorionic gonadotropin (β-hCG) in screening for pregnancy complications.


METHODS
Maternal characteristics and medical history were recorded and serum free β-hCG was measured in women with a singleton pregnancy attending for three routine hospital visits at 11 + 0 to 13 + 6, 19 + 0 to 24 + 6 and 30 + 0 to 34 + 6 weeks' gestation. For pregnancies delivering phenotypically normal live births or stillbirths ≥ 24 weeks' gestation, variables from maternal demographic characteristics and medical history that are important in the prediction of free β-hCG were determined from a linear mixed-effects multiple regression.


RESULTS
Serum free β-hCG was measured in 94 985 cases in the first trimester, 7879 in the second trimester and 8424 in the third trimester. Significant independent contributions to serum free β-hCG were provided by gestational age, maternal weight, age and racial origin, cigarette smoking, method of conception, diabetes mellitus and family history of pre-eclampsia (PE) in the mother of the patient. The effects of some variables were similar and those for others differed in each trimester. Random-effects multiple regression analysis was used to define the contribution of maternal variables that influence the measured level of serum free β-hCG and express the values as multiples of the median (MoMs). The model was shown to provide an adequate fit of MoM values for all covariates both in pregnancies that developed PE and in those without this pregnancy complication.


CONCLUSIONS
A model was fitted to express measured serum free β-hCG across the three trimesters of pregnancy as MoMs after adjusting for variables from maternal characteristics and medical history that affect this measurement.
Quality control in colorectal cancer screening: Systematic microbiological investigation of endoscopes used in the NORCCAP (Norwegian Colorectal Cancer Prevention) trial

BACKGROUND
Endoscopic colorectal cancer (CRC) screening is currently implemented in many countries. Since endoscopes cannot be sterilised, the transmission of infectious agents through endoscopes has been a matter of concern. We report on a continuous quality control programme in a large-scale randomised controlled trial on flexible sigmoidoscopy screening of an average-risk population. Continuously, throughout a two-year screening period, series of microbiological samples were taken from cleaned ready-to-use endoscopes and cultured for bacterial growth.


RESULTS
8573 endoscopies were performed during the trial period. Altogether, 178 microbiological samples (2%) were taken from the biopsy channels and surfaces from the endoscopes. One sample (0.5%) showed faecal contamination (Enterobacter cloacae), and 25 samples (14%) showed growth of environmental bacteria.


CONCLUSIONS
Growth of bacteria occurs in a clinical significant number of samples from ready-to-use endoscopes. Pathogenic bacteria, however, were found only in one sample. Improvement of equipment design and cleaning procedures are desirable and continuous microbiological surveillance of endoscopes used in CRC screening is recommended.
Comparison of CFL and LED lamp - harmonic disturbances, economics (cost and power quality) and maximum possible loading in a power system

The desire to reduce electrical loading by using energy efficient lighting has resulted in a high level of interest in replacing conventional incandescent lamp with Compact Fluorescent Lamps and LED lamps. However, their high harmonic content was always a problem for the power quality of the power system networks, especially the ones with a considerable share of nonlinear loads. The problem of harmonics cannot be neglected in cases of installations with high lighting load. This paper presents an analysis of harmonics in a network where lighting is one of the main loads. CFLs and LED lamps with electronic gear are characterized by extremely distorted current, with high total current harmonic distortions. Hence they cause a significant voltage distortion in electrical installations. The network is simulated using the impedance network model, in PSCAD®/EMTDC™ software. A comparative analysis is performed on the power quality, maximum loading and economics of CFL lamps and LED lamps.
Adoption factors associated with electronic health record among long-term care facilities: a systematic review

OBJECTIVES
The Health Information Technology for Economic and Clinical Health (HITECH) Act created incentives for adopting electronic health records (EHRs) for some healthcare organisations, but long-term care (LTC) facilities are excluded from those incentives. There are realisable benefits of EHR adoption in LTC facilities; however, there is limited research about this topic. The purpose of this systematic literature review is to identify EHR adoption factors for LTC facilities that are ineligible for the HITECH Act incentives.


SETTING
We conducted systematic searches of Cumulative Index of Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL) Complete via Ebson B. Stephens Company (EBSCO Host), Google Scholar and the university library search engine to collect data about EHR adoption factors in LTC facilities since 2009.


PARTICIPANTS
Search results were filtered by date range, full text, English language and academic journals (n=22).


INTERVENTIONS
Multiple members of the research team read each article to confirm applicability and study conclusions.


PRIMARY AND SECONDARY OUTCOME MEASURES
Researchers identified common themes across the literature: specifically facilitators and barriers to adoption of the EHR in LTC.


RESULTS
Results identify facilitators and barriers associated with EHR adoption in LTC facilities. The most common facilitators include access to information and error reduction. The most prevalent barriers include initial costs, user perceptions and implementation problems.


CONCLUSIONS
Similarities span the system selection phases and implementation process; of those, cost was the most common mentioned. These commonalities should help leaders in LTC facilities align strategic decisions to EHR adoption. This review may be useful for decision-makers attempting successful EHR adoption, policymakers trying to increase adoption rates without expanding incentives and vendors that produce EHRs.
The current status of mHealth for diabetes: will it be the next big thing?

mHealth is an emerging concept in health care and uses mobile communications devices for health services and information. Mobile phones, patient monitoring devices, tablets, personal digital assistants, and other wireless devices can be part of mHealth systems. With mHealth systems, glucose data can now be automatically collected, transmitted, aggregated with other physiologic data, analyzed, stored, and presented as actionable information. mHealth systems use mobile decision support software applications (or apps) to assist or direct health care professionals to make decisions, or they can assist or direct patients to make decisions without waiting for input from a clinician. With real-time decision support for patients, appropriate actions can be taken in real time without waiting to see a clinician. Decisions can be personalized if individual treatment goals and personal preferences for treatment are inputted into an app. Few mHealth apps for diabetes have been rigorously tested. Outcome studies of the use of mHealth for diabetes from the literature have shown the potential for benefits, but higher-quality studies are needed. Regulatory approval of mHealth products will require demonstration of safety and effectiveness, especially where information and trends are not just presented to patients, but used to make treatment recommendations. Three additional hurdles must be overcome to facilitate widespread adoption of this technology, including demonstration of the following: (1) privacy to satisfy regulators, (2) clinical benefit to satisfy clinicians, and (3) economic benefit to satisfy payers. mHealth for diabetes is making rapid strides and is expected to be a transforming technology that will be the next big thing.
Sexual Anatomy and Function in Women With and Without Genital Mutilation: A Cross-Sectional Study.

INTRODUCTION
Female genital mutilation (FGM), the partial or total removal of the external genitalia for non-medical reasons, can affect female sexuality. However, only few studies are available, and these have significant methodologic limitations.


AIM
To understand the impact of FGM on the anatomy of the clitoris and bulbs using magnetic resonance imaging and on sexuality using psychometric instruments and to study whether differences in anatomy after FGM correlate with differences in sexual function, desire, and body image.


METHODS
A cross-sectional study on sexual function and sexual anatomy was performed in women with and without FGM. Fifteen women with FGM involving cutting of the clitoris and 15 uncut women as a control group matched by age and parity were prospectively recruited. Participants underwent pelvic magnetic resonance imaging with vaginal opacification by ultrasound gel and completed validated questionnaires on desire (Sexual Desire Inventory), body image (Questionnaire d'Image Corporelle [Body Image Satisfaction Scale]), and sexual function (Female Sexual Function Index).


MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES
Primary outcomes were clitoral and bulbar measurements on magnetic resonance images. Secondary outcomes were sexual function, desire, and body image scores.


RESULTS
Women with FGM did not have significantly decreased clitoral glans width and body length but did have significantly smaller volume of the clitoris plus bulbs. They scored significantly lower on sexual function and desire than women without FGM. They did not score lower on Female Sexual Function Index sub-scores for orgasm, desire, and satisfaction and on the Questionnaire d'Image Corporelle but did report significantly more dyspareunia. A larger total volume of clitoris and bulbs did not correlate with higher Female Sexual Function Index and Sexual Desire Inventory scores in women with FGM compared with uncut women who had larger total volume that correlated with higher scores.


CONCLUSION
Women with FGM have sexual erectile tissues for sexual arousal, orgasm, and pleasure. Women with sexual dysfunction should be appropriately counseled and treated.
Towards an Ethological Animal Model of Depression? A Study on Horses

BACKGROUND
Recent reviews question current animal models of depression and emphasise the need for ethological models of mood disorders based on animals living under natural conditions. Domestic horses encounter chronic stress, including potential stress at work, which can induce behavioural disorders (e.g. "apathy"). Our pioneering study evaluated the potential of domestic horses in their usual environment to become an ethological model of depression by testing this models' face validity (i.e. behavioural similarity with descriptions of human depressive states).


METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS
We observed the spontaneous behaviour of 59 working horses in their home environment, focusing on immobility bouts of apparent unresponsiveness when horses displayed an atypical posture (termed withdrawn hereafter), evaluated their responsiveness to their environment and their anxiety levels, and analysed cortisol levels. Twenty-four percent of the horses presented the withdrawn posture, also characterized by gaze, head and ears fixity, a profile that suggests a spontaneous expression of "behavioural despair". When compared with control "non-withdrawn" horses from the same stable, withdrawn horses appeared more indifferent to environmental stimuli in their home environment but reacted more emotionally in more challenging situations. They exhibited lower plasma cortisol levels. Withdrawn horses all belonged to the same breed and females were over-represented.


CONCLUSIONS/SIGNIFICANCE
Horse might be a useful potential candidate for an animal model of depression. Face validity of this model appeared good, and potential genetic input and high prevalence of these disorders in females add to the convergence. At a time when current animal models of depression are questioned and the need for novel models is expressed, this study suggests that novel models and biomarkers could emerge from ethological approaches in home environments.
Carbohydrate-restricted diets high in either monounsaturated fat or protein are equally effective at promoting fat loss and improving blood lipids.

BACKGROUND
When substituted for carbohydrate in an energy-reduced diet, dietary protein enhances fat loss in women. It is unknown whether the effect is due to increased protein or reduced carbohydrate.


OBJECTIVE
We compared the effects of 2 isocaloric diets that differed in protein and fat content on weight loss, lipids, appetite regulation, and energy expenditure after test meals.


DESIGN
This was a parallel, randomized study in which subjects received either a low-fat, high-protein (LF-HP) diet (29 +/- 1% fat, 34 +/- 0.8% protein) or a high-fat, standard-protein (HF-SP) diet (45 +/- 0.6% fat, 18 +/- 0.3% protein) during 12 wk of energy restriction (6 +/- 0.1 MJ/d) and 4 wk of energy balance (7.4 +/- 0.3 MJ/d). Fifty-seven overweight and obese [mean body mass index (in kg/m(2)): 33.8 +/- 0.9] volunteers with insulin concentrations >12 mU/L completed the study.


RESULTS
Weight loss (LF-HP group, 9.7 +/- 1.1 kg; HF-SP group, 10.2 +/- 1.4 kg; P = 0.78) and fat loss were not significantly different between diet groups even though the subjects desired less to eat after the LF-HP meal (P = 0.02). The decrease in resting energy expenditure was not significantly different between diet groups (LF-HP, -342 +/- 185 kJ/d; HF-SP, -349 +/- 220 kJ/d). The decrease in the thermic effect of feeding with weight loss was smaller in the LF-HP group than in the HF-SP group (-0.3 +/- 1.0% compared with -3.6 +/- 0.7%; P = 0.014). Glucose and insulin responses to test meals improved after weight loss (P < 0.001) with no significant diet effect. Bone turnover, inflammation, and calcium excretion did not change significantly.


CONCLUSION
The magnitude of weight loss and the improvements in insulin resistance and cardiovascular disease risk factors did not differ significantly between the 2 diets, and neither diet had any detrimental effects on bone turnover or renal function.
Home Automation System via Internet using Android Phone

In this process of Home Automation System via Internet using Android Phone, the demonstration of the strategy which makes every local home appliance to incorporate the working of lighting installations, fans, music systems, washing machines and dryers, doors and ventilation system is totally initiated and controlled by using the Arduino Ethernet web server and advanced Android smart phones.This technology allows: 1. designing embedded machine based remote tracking gadget using a cell phone at low value. 2. Far flung tracking is applied in any cell phone model in order to deliver flexibility. 3. At times when messaging fails, the mechanism for communication incorporates the opportunity. Keyword: Automation, Internet, Arduino Ethernet web server, Android smart phone, Advanced home automation
Use of indigenous knowledge in the management of field and storage pests around Lake Victoria basin in Tanzania

Department of Physical Sciences, Open University of Tanzania, P.O. Box 31608, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania. Department of Biological Sciences, Egerton University, P.O. Box 536 Egerton, Kenya. Department of Botany, University of Dar es Salaam, P.O. Box 35060, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania. Department of Botany, Makerere University, P.O. Box 7062, Kampala, Uganda. Department of Chemistry, University of Dar es Salaam, P.O. Box 35061, Dar es Salaam. Tanzania. Department of Crops, Horticulture and Soils, Egerton University, P.O. Box 536, Egerton, Kenya.
Comparing Bio-efficacy of Liquid DL-methionine Hydroxy Analogue Free Acid with DL-methionine in Broiler Chickens

The present experiment was conducted to assess the efficacy of methionine hydroxy analogue free fatty acid (MHAFA) in comparison to DL-methionine (DL-Met) utilizing day-old commercial broiler chicks (n=300). The chicks were randomly distributed into 30 groups of 10 chicks each. Three dietary treatments, viz. D1-maize-soybean meal based basal diet (Control), D2control diet supplemented with DLmethionine to meet its requirements and D3-control supplemented with MHA-FA @ 1.54 times of DL-methionine used in D2, were formulated. Each dietary treatment was offered to 10 replicated groups of chicks following completely random design (CRD). The chicks fed on supplemental DL-Met had significantly higher (p<0.01) gain in body weight, followed by MHA-FA group and control during 0-3 weeks of age. During overall growth period (0-6 weeks), chicks in DL-Met and MHA-FA groups grew better (p<0.01) than those in control. Feed conversion ratio (FCR) improved (p<0.01) on supplementation of either DLMet or MHA-FA in the basal (Control) diet during 0-3 weeks of age. The FCR for overall period, however, did not differ statistically (p>0.05) amongst the treatments. The eviscerated yields emanated from diets with DL-Met or MHA-FA were higher (p<0.01) than that in Control. Abdominal fat pad was also more (p<0.01) in broilers fed control diet than in DL-Met or MHA-FA supplemented group. Breast yield was higher (p<0.05) in MHA-FA fed broilers than those fed DL-methionine supplemented or un-supplemented diets. The efficacy of MHA-FA in comparison to DL-Met for growth was 62.11, 64.82 and 63.88% and for feed efficiency was 62.98, 67.73 and 64.01% at 0-3, 3-6 and 0-6 weeks of age, respectively, while it was 65.85, 71.40 and 67.49% for eviscerated yield, abdominal fat pad reduction and breast yield at 6 weeks of age, respectively. (Asian-Aust. J. Anim. Sci. 2004. Vol 17, No. 1 : 102-108)
Transciliary supraorbital keyhole approach in the management of aneurysms of anterior circulation: Operative nuances.

BACKGROUND
With improvement in neuroimaging, instrumentation and operative microscope optics, and with better understanding of microneuroanatomy, it is now possible to approach intracranial aneurysms of anterior circulation through a small eyebrow incision.


AIM
The objective of the study is to highlight the advantages and limitations of transciliary supraorbital keyhole craniotomy for clipping of these aneurysms.


MATERIALS AND METHODS
We present our experience with 55 intracranial aneurysms in the anterior circulation in 52 consecutive patients (23 females and 29 males, age range 22-70 years) operated between 2003 and 2009. All these aneurysms were clipped by a supraorbital transciliary incision and a craniotomy measuring 2.5 x 1.5 cm. One patient required bilateral keyhole craniotomies for bilateral aneurysms.


RESULTS
Of the 52 patients, 37 patients were in Grade I/II, and the rest were in Grade III-IV. Clipping could be done in all the patients, and in twelve patients there was intraoperative rupture of the aneurysm. While there was a learning curve, no limitations were apparent, and none of the patients required revision of the procedure or wrapping. None of the patients had suboptimal clip application. Postoperative check angiogram showed obliteration of the aneurysm in all the patients. Patients with preoperative Grade I/II could be discharged from the hospital within seven days, and cosmetic result was excellent in all the patients. Four patients with preoperative Grade IV died in the postoperative period due to vasospasm.


CONCLUSION
The transciliary supraorbital approach offers clipping of intracranial aneurysm in anterior circulation with low approach related morbidity as compared to standard approach.
A phase II trial of prolonged, continuous infusion of low-dose gemcitabine plus cisplatin in patients with advanced malignant pleural mesothelioma

Low-dose, prolonged infusion of gemcitabine has effects similar to standard doses in several cancers. We evaluated the toxicity and efficacy of low-dose gemcitabine in prolonged infusion plus cisplatin in patients with advanced pleural mesothelioma. Patients with mesothelioma received gemcitabine (250 mg/m2) in a 6-h infusion plus cisplatin (35 mg/m2) on days 1 and 8 every three weeks. We used the modified response evaluation criteria in solid tumours. This study is registered in clinical trials (NCT01869023). We included 39 patients; 82.1 % were low risk according to the European Organisation for Research and Treatment of Cancer prognostic group. Partial response was observed in 53.8 % (21/39), stable disease in 33.3 % (13/39) and progression in 12.8 % (5/39). The median progression-free survival was 6.9 months (95 % CI 3.2–10.6 months), and the associated factors were the EORTC risk and histology. The median overall survival was 20.7 months (95 % CI 10.7–30.8 months). The functional, physical and emotional roles and dyspnoea, insomnia and pain symptom scales improved. The most commonly graded 3/4 side effects were neutropenia (24.4 %), lymphopenia (14.6 %), thrombocytopenia (14.7 %) and anaemia (12.2 %). Low-dose, prolonged gemcitabine infusion plus cisplatin has acceptable toxicity and high efficacy with improved quality of life, representing an affordable regimen for the low-income population.