LLukas22/scidocs huggingface dataset:
A reliable method for intraoperative evaluation of syndesmotic reduction.

OBJECTIVES
To determine the accuracy of a technique for intraoperative assessment of syndesmotic reduction in ankle fractures.


DESIGN
Prospective, case series.


SETTING
University hospital.


PATIENTS/PARTICIPANTS
Eighteen consecutive patients with suspected syndesmotic injuries were enrolled between 2007 and 2009. The diagnosis of syndesmotic injury was based on static ankle radiographs. The study group consisted of 12 male and 6 female patients with an average age of 32 years (range 19-56 years).


INTERVENTION
All patients had mortise and talar dome lateral fluoroscopic images obtained of the uninjured ankle in the operating room. The injured ankle underwent operative reduction and provisional fixation using the uninjured ankle radiographs as a template for comparison. An intraoperative computed tomography (CT) scan was obtained to verify the syndesmotic reduction before syndesmotic fixation. If the reduction was not anatomic, the reduction was revised using fluoroscopy and the CT repeated.


MAIN OUTCOME MEASUREMENTS
Accuracy of syndesmotic reduction performed using fluoroscopy and confirmed by intraoperative CT scan.


RESULTS
Using the technique described, intraoperative CT confirmed anatomic reduction initially in 17 of the 18 fractures. The 1 case where CT did change the course of treatment, revision of fibular fracture reduction resulted in an anatomic reduction of the syndesmosis on repeat CT.


CONCLUSIONS
Accurate evaluation of the syndesmotic reduction can be determined intraoperatively using comparison mortise and talar dome lateral fluoroscopic images. Direct visualization of the syndesmosis or CT may not be necessary to achieve an accurate reduction in these injuries.
A new device for magnetic stirring-assisted dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction of UV filters in environmental water samples.

A new method based on dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction (DLLME) in combination with high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) has been developed for the analysis of UV filters. A specially designed flask, which has two narrow open necks with one of them having a capillary tip, was employed to facilitate the DLLME process. By adopting such a device, the extraction and subsequent phase separation were conveniently achieved. A binary solvent system of water sample and low-density extraction solvent (1-octanol) was used for the DLLME and no disperser solvent was involved. The extraction was accelerated by magnetic agitation of the two phases. After extraction, phase separation of the extraction solvent from the aqueous sample was easily achieved by leaving the extraction system statically for a while. No centrifugation step involving in classical DLLME was necessary. The analyte-enriched phase, floating above the sample solution, was elevated and concentrated into the narrow open tip of the flask by adding pure water into it via the other port, which was withdrawn with a microsyringe for the subsequent HPLC analysis. Under the optimized conditions, the limits of detection for the analytes were in range of 0.2-0.8ngmL(-1) .The linearity ranges were 8-20,000 ng mL(-1) for HB, 7-20,000 ng mL(-1) for DB, 8-10,000 ng mL(-1) for BP and 5-20,000 ng mL(-1) for HMB, respectively. Enrichment factors ranging from 59 to 107 folders were obtained for the analytes. The relative standard deviations (n=3) at a spiked level of 80 ng mL(-1) were between 1.4 and 4.8%. The proposed magnetic stirring-assisted DLLME method was successfully applied to the analysis of lake water samples.
Adherence to cervical cancer screening guidelines for U.S. women aged 25-64: data from the 2005 Health Information National Trends Survey (HINTS).

BACKGROUND
Although it is widely accepted that Papanicolaou (Pap) screening can reduce cervical cancer mortality, many women still do not maintain regular cervical cancer screenings.


OBJECTIVE
To describe the prevalence of cervical cancer screening and the demographic, behavioral, psychological, and cancer-related knowledge factors associated with adherence to U.S. Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF) cervical cancer screening guidelines among women in the United States.


METHODS
Data for women aged 25-64 were obtained from the National Cancer Institute's (NCI) 2005 Health Information National Trends Survey (HINTS). Women were considered adherent to screening guidelines if they had two consecutive, on-schedule screenings and planned to have another within the next 3 years. The sample comprised 2070 women.


RESULTS
Ninety-eight percent of women reported ever having a Pap smear, 90% reported having had a recent Pap smear (within 3 years), and 84% were adherent to USPSTF screening guidelines. Maintaining regular cervical cancer screening was significantly associated with having health insurance, normal body mass index (BMI), smoking status (nonsmoker), mood (absence of a mood disturbance), and being knowledgeable about cervical cancer screening and human papillomavirus (HPV) infection.


CONCLUSIONS
Based on the observation that women who were current smokers, obese, or experiencing a substantial degree of psychological distress were significantly less likely to adhere to recommended screening guidelines, we suggest that healthcare providers pay particular attention to the screening needs of these more vulnerable women.
Advances in weather prediction

Weather forecasting provides numerous societal benefits, from extreme weather warnings to agricultural planning. In recent decades, advances in forecasting have been rapid, arising from improved observations and models, and better integration of these through data assimilation and related techniques. Further improvements are not yet constrained by limits on predictability. Better forecasting, in turn, can contribute to a wide range of environmental forecasting, from forest-fire smoke to bird migrations.
Concurrent appendiceal and umbilical endometriosis: a case report and review of the literature

INTRODUCTION
Endometriosis affects 3 to 10 percent of women of reproductive age. Most of the time it involves the pelvis; however, sites of endometriosis have been reported almost anywhere in the body. Appendiceal and primary umbilical endometriosis are considered rare loci, making accurate diagnosis elusive. Here we present the case of a 46-year-old woman with concurrent appendiceal and umbilical endometriosis.


CASE PRESENTATION
A 46-year-old Greek woman presented with a large mass in the lower abdomen adhering to the surrounding organs. She reported recurrent lower abdominal and pelvic pain and the presence of a dark-blue hard nodule at the umbilicus. She had no previous medical, surgical or gynecological history. Her physical examination and laboratory test results were without any significant findings. The laparotomy revealed a fibromatose uterus adhering to the rectum and a urinary cyst and a palpable mass in the vermiform appendix. A hysterectomy and an appendectomy were performed. The umbilical mass was also excised. Pathology revealed endometriosis of the umbilicus and the appendix. The postoperative period was uneventful and she was discharged.


CONCLUSIONS
Endometriosis, although rare, should always be considered in women of reproductive age, presenting with cyclic pain. The diagnosis is, most of the time, difficult and requires a high degree of clinical suspicion. The clinical doctor should be aware that endometriosis can sometimes be multifocal, thus a thorough investigation is required in all cases.
Inferencing in information extraction: Techniques and applications

Information extraction at Web scale has become one of the most important research topics in data management since major commercial search engines started incorporating knowledge in their search results a couple of years ago [1]. Users increasingly expect structured knowledge as answers to their search needs. Using Bing as an example, the result page for “Lionel Messi” is full of structured knowledge facts, such as his birthday and awards. The research efforts towards improving the accuracy and coverage of such knowledge bases have led to significant advances in Information Extraction techniques [2], [3]. As the initial challenge of accurately extracting facts for popular entities are being addressed, more difficult challenges have emerged such as extending knowledge coverage to long tail entities and domains, understanding interestingness and usefulness of facts within a given context, and addressing information-seeking needs more directly and accurately. In this tutorial, we will survey the recent research efforts and provide an introduction to the techniques that address those challenges, and the applications that benefit from the adoption of those techniques. In particular, this tutorial will focus on a variety of techniques that can be broadly viewed as knowledge inferencing, i.e., combining multiple data sources and extraction techniques to verify existing knowledge and derive new knowledge. More specifically, we focus on four main categories of inferencing techniques: 1) deep natural language processing using machine learning techniques, 2) data cleaning using integrity constraints, 3) large-scale probabilistic reasoning, and 4) leveraging human expertise for domain knowledge extraction.
O sintoma social

The social symptom. The notion of symptom, which Freud extracts from the medical discourse and then subverts, will be often altered by Lacan to be given an intrinsic value to the structure of the subject. Its articulation with the social tie is always rearticulated, as well as the possibility of giving the social symptom a psychoanalytical notion.
A family booklet about comfort care in advanced dementia: three-country evaluation.

OBJECTIVES
To evaluate a booklet on comfort care in dementia from the perspective of family with relevant experience, and assess nursing home resident and family factors associated with evaluations.


DESIGN
Retrospective study.


SETTING
Long term care facilities in French-speaking Canada, and the Netherlands and Italy.


PARTICIPANTS
Bereaved family (n = 138).


MEASUREMENTS
An 8-item scale assessed the booklet's acceptability. Usefulness was rated on a 0 to 10 scale, and perceived usefulness referred to usefulness if family had had the booklet during the resident's stay. Families indicated preferred ways of obtaining, and the most appropriate time to get the booklet.


RESULTS
Almost all families (94%) perceived the booklet as useful. Canadian and Dutch families evaluated the booklet's contents and format favorably, whereas Italian families' evaluations were less favorable. Almost all families endorsed roles for physicians or nurses and about half additionally accepted availability through own initiative, in print or through the Internet. Preference of timing was highly variable. Better acceptability, usefulness, and availability through own initiative were independently associated with non-Italian nationality, presence of more physical signs discussed in the booklet, feeling ill-prepared, and higher satisfaction with care. A preference of receiving the booklet early was more likely in Italian families, those without university education, and those involved with older residents.


CONCLUSION
The booklet is suitable to inform Dutch and Canadian families on comfort care in dementia, but implementation in Italy requires further consideration. The booklet may be integrated in advance care planning in long term care, and made available outside long term care settings to serve families who wish to be informed early.
A new virtual reality environment used for e-Learning

Virtual reality has been successful used in real estate, urban planning and video games etc. In this paper, we proposed to build an interactive virtual e-Learning environment using virtual reality technologies. With the help of Multi-Modal user interface, students can control their avatars to interactively communicate with virtual teachers and environment. This interactive e-Learning environment can increase the autonomy of students and enhance students' interest in learning.
Relationship between Organisational Learning and Organisational Performance: The Case of Croatia

Tomislav Hernaus is a research and teaching assistant of organizational theory and business process management at the University of Zagreb (Croatia), Faculty of Economics and Business. In 2006 he received M.Sc. in Organisation Sciences, Economics from University of Zagreb, on the topic “Transformation of Classical Organisation toward Process-based Organisation”. His research interest are: organisation design, organisation theory, organisation development, and business process management. He is an author and co-author of several scientific articles and regurally publishes at the conferences worldwide.
Significance of the Hemorrhagic Site for Recurrent Bleeding: Prespecified Analysis in the Japan Adult Moyamoya Trial.

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE
The primary results of the Japan Adult Moyamoya Trial revealed the statistically marginal superiority of bypass surgery over medical treatment alone in preventing rebleeding in moyamoya disease. The purpose of this analysis is to test the prespecified subgroup hypothesis that the natural course and surgical effects vary depending on the hemorrhagic site at onset.


METHODS
The hemorrhagic site, classified as either anterior or posterior, was the only stratifying variable for randomization. Statistical analyses were focused on the assessment of effect modification according to the hemorrhagic site and were based on tests of interaction.


RESULTS
Of 42 surgically treated patients, 24 were classified as anterior hemorrhage and 18 as posterior hemorrhage; of 38 medically treated patients, 21 were classified as anterior and 17 as posterior. The hazard ratio of the primary end points (all adverse events) for the surgical group relative to the nonsurgical group was 0.07 (95% confidence interval, 0.01-0.55) for the posterior group, as compared with 1.62 (95% confidence interval, 0.39-6.79) for the anterior group (P=0.013 for interaction). Analysis within the nonsurgical group revealed that the incidence of the primary end point was significantly higher in the posterior group than in the anterior group (17.1% per year versus 3.0% per year; hazard ratio, 5.83; 95% confidence interval, 1.60-21.27).


CONCLUSIONS
Careful interpretation of the results suggests that patients with posterior hemorrhage are at higher risk of rebleeding and accrue greater benefit from surgery, subject to verification in further studies.


CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION
URL: http://www.umin.ac.jp/ctr/index.htm. Unique identifier: C000000166.
Nonmetric Multidimensional Scaling: a Numerical Method

We describe the numerical methods required in our approach to multi-dimensional scaling. The rationale of this approach has appeared previously. 1. Introduction We describe a numerical method for multidimensional scaling. In a companion paper [7] we describe the rationale for our approach to scaling, which is related to that of Shepard [9]. As the numerical methods required are largely unfamiliar to psychologists, and even have elements of novelty within the field of numerical analysis, it seems worthwhile to describe them. In [7] we suppose that there are n objects 1, · · · , n, and that we have experimental values 8;; of dissimilarity between them. For a configuration of points x1 , • • • , x .. in t:-dimensional space, with interpoint distances d;; , we defined the stress of the configuration by The stress is intendoo to be a measure of how well the configuration matches the data. More fully, it is supposed that the "true" dissimilarities result from some unknown monotone distortion of the interpoint distances of some "true" configuration, and that the observed dissimilarities differ from the true dissimilarities only because of random fluctuation. The stress is essentially the root-mean-square residual departure from this hypothesis. By definition, the best-fitting configuration in t-dimensional space, for a fixed value of t, is that configuration which minimizes the stress. The primary computational problem is to find that configuration. A secondary computational problem, of independent interest, is to find the values of
Cyberbullying: its nature and impact in secondary school pupils.

BACKGROUND
Cyberbullying describes bullying using mobile phones and the internet. Most previous studies have focused on the prevalence of text message and email bullying.


METHODS
Two surveys with pupils aged 11-16 years: (1) 92 pupils from 14 schools, supplemented by focus groups; (2) 533 pupils from 5 schools, to assess the generalisability of findings from the first study, and investigate relationships of cyberbullying to general internet use. Both studies differentiated cyberbullying inside and outside of school, and 7 media of cyberbullying.


RESULTS
Both studies found cyberbullying less frequent than traditional bullying, but appreciable, and reported more outside of school than inside. Phone call and text message bullying were most prevalent, with instant messaging bullying in the second study; their impact was perceived as comparable to traditional bullying. Mobile phone/video clip bullying, while rarer, was perceived to have more negative impact. Age and gender differences varied between the two studies. Study 1 found that most cyberbullying was done by one or a few students, usually from the same year group. It often just lasted about a week, but sometimes much longer. The second study found that being a cybervictim, but not a cyberbully, correlated with internet use; many cybervictims were traditional 'bully-victims'. Pupils recommended blocking/avoiding messages, and telling someone, as the best coping strategies; but many cybervictims had told nobody about it.


CONCLUSIONS
Cyberbullying is an important new kind of bullying, with some different characteristics from traditional bullying. Much happens outside school. Implications for research and practical action are discussed.
E-service design using i* and e/sup 3/ value modeling

Two requirements engineering techniques, i* and e3 value, work together to explore commercial e-services from a strategic-goal and profitability perspective. We demonstrate our approach using a case study on Internet radio
High-resolution MRI vessel wall imaging: spatial and temporal patterns of reversible cerebral vasoconstriction syndrome and central nervous system vasculitis.

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE
High-resolution MR imaging is an emerging tool for evaluating intracranial artery disease. It has an advantage of defining vessel wall characteristics of intracranial vascular diseases. We investigated high-resolution MR imaging arterial wall characteristics of CNS vasculitis and reversible cerebral vasoconstriction syndrome to determine wall pattern changes during a follow-up period.


MATERIALS AND METHODS
We retrospectively reviewed 3T-high-resolution MR imaging vessel wall studies performed on 26 patients with a confirmed diagnosis of CNS vasculitis and reversible cerebral vasoconstriction syndrome during a follow-up period. Vessel wall imaging protocol included black-blood contrast-enhanced T1-weighted sequences with fat suppression and a saturation band, and time-of-flight MRA of the circle of Willis. Vessel wall characteristics including enhancement, wall thickening, and lumen narrowing were collected.


RESULTS
Thirteen patients with CNS vasculitis and 13 patients with reversible cerebral vasoconstriction syndrome were included. In the CNS vasculitis group, 9 patients showed smooth, concentric wall enhancement and thickening; 3 patients had smooth, eccentric wall enhancement and thickening; and 1 patient was without wall enhancement and thickening. Six of 13 patients had follow-up imaging; 4 patients showed stable smooth, concentric enhancement and thickening; and 2 patients had resoluton of initial imaging findings. In the reversible cerebral vasoconstriction syndrome group, 10 patients showed diffuse, uniform wall thickening with negligible-to-mild enhancement. Nine patients had follow-up imaging, with 8 patients showing complete resolution of the initial findings.


CONCLUSIONS
Postgadolinium 3T-high-resolution MR imaging appears to be a feasible tool in differentiating vessel wall patterns of CNS vasculitis and reversible cerebral vasoconstriction syndrome changes during a follow-up period.
Self-propelled jumping upon drop coalescence on Leidenfrost surfaces

Self-propelled jumping upon drop coalescence has been observed on a variety of textured superhydrophobic surfaces, where the jumping motion follows the capillary–inertial velocity scaling as long as the drop radius is above a threshold. In this paper, we report an experimental study of the self-propelled jumping on a Leidenfrost surface, where the heated substrate gives rise to a vapour layer on which liquid drops float. For the coalescence of identical water drops, we have tested initial drop radii ranging from 20 to 500 μm, where the lower bound is related to the spontaneous takeoff of individual drops and the upper bound to gravitational effects. Regardless of the approaching velocity prior to coalescence, the measured jumping velocity is around 0.2 when scaled by the capillary–inertial velocity. This constant non-dimensional velocity holds for the experimentally accessible range of drop radii, and we have found no cutoff radius for the scaling, in contrast to prior experiments on textured superhydrophobic surfaces. The Leidenfrost experiments quantitatively agree with our numerical simulations of drop coalescence on a flat surface with a contact angle of 180◦, suggesting that the cutoff is likely to be due to drop–surface interactions unique to the textured superhydrophobic surfaces.
Exclusive breastfeeding and associated factors among mothers in Debre Markos, Northwest Ethiopia: a cross-sectional study

BACKGROUND
Exclusive breastfeeding is the most widely known and effective intervention for preventing early-childhood deaths. Optimum breastfeeding practices can prevent 1.4 million deaths worldwide among children under five every year. The aim of this study was to assess the prevalence of exclusive breastfeeding and associated factors among mothers who have an infant less than six months old in Debre Markos, Northwest Ethiopia.


METHODS
A community based cross-sectional study was conducted from April 1 to 30, 2013. A simple random sampling technique was used from a list of all mothers who had an infant less than six months old obtained from the health extension workers (HEWs) registration book in all kebeles (neighbourhoods) of the city. A total of 423 mothers with infants less than six months old were included in this study. Data were collected using questionnaires administered at interview. Both bivariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were carried out to identify factors associated with exclusive breastfeeding.


RESULTS
The prevalence of exclusive breastfeeding during the seven days before the survey was 60.8% (95% CI: 55.8%, 65.8%). Those mothers who were unemployed [AOR = 1.98 (1.21, 3.22)], received breastfeeding counseling during antenatal care (ANC) [AOR = 2.44 (1.53, 3.91)], received infant feeding counseling during postnatal care (PNC) [AOR = 5.03 (3.04, 8.31)], didn't give prelacteal feeding [AOR = 3.44 (1.88, 6.33)] and had adequate knowledge about breastfeeding [AOR = 2.57 (1.57, 4.19)] were more likely to practice EBF than their counterparts.


CONCLUSIONS
Although the prevalence of exclusive breastfeeding was lower in the study area than international recommendations, rates were higher than found in other studies. Recommendations for improving exclusive breastfeeding include better support for working mothers through extending maternal leave and establishing work-site day care centers for infants, expanding the urban health extension program so that more pregnant women and mothers can be taught about appropriate infant and young child feeding practices and how to express their milk, thereby increasing their breastfeeding knowledge.