LLukas22/scidocs huggingface dataset:
Recently targeted kinases and their inhibitors-the path to clinical trials.

Protein kinases have emerged as one of the most important drug target families for the treatment of cancer. To date, 28 inhibitors with reported activity versus one or multiple kinases have been approved for clinical use. However, the majority of new clinical trials are focused on new subindications using already approved kinase inhibitors or target well validated kinase targets with novel inhibitors. In contrast, relatively few clinical trials have been initiated using specific inhibitors that inhibit novel kinase targets, despite significant validation efforts in the public domain. Analysis of the target validation history of first in class kinase inhibitors revealed a long delay between initial disease association and development of inhibitors. As part of this analysis, we have investigated which first in class inhibitor that entered phase I clinical trials over the last five years and also considered which research approaches that were used to validate them.
Bregmanized Nonlocal Regularization for Deconvolution and Sparse Reconstruction

We propose two algorithms based on Bregman iteration and operator splitting technique for nonlocal TV regularization problems. The convergence of the algorithms is analyzed and applications to deconvolution and sparse reconstruction are presented.
Immunoglobulin G responses against human papillomavirus type 16 virus-like particles in a prospective nonintervention cohort study of women with cervical intraepithelial neoplasia.

BACKGROUND
Infection with cancer-linked human papillomavirus (HPV) types such as HPV type 16 (HPV16) is the most important risk factor in the development of cervical cancer. It has been shown that immunoglobulin G (IgG) antibody responses against HPV16 virus-like particles (VLPs) are specifically associated with genital HPV16 infection.


PURPOSE
The aim of this study was to determine the temporal relationships between the presence of HPV16 VLP-specific IgGs, HPV16 infection patterns, and the course of premalignant cervical disease.


METHODS
Plasma samples from 133 women who had been diagnosed originally with mild to moderate cervical dyskaryosis and enrolled in a prospective non-intervention cohort study conducted in Amsterdam, The Netherlands, from 1991 through 1996 were analyzed for the presence of HPV16 VLP-specific IgGs by use of an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. A detailed analysis was performed on 43 women with different HPV16 infection patterns during a follow-up period of 10-34 months. Progression or regression of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) lesions was monitored by cytologic and colposcopic testing at intervals of 3-4 months. HPV typing in cervical smears was performed by use of a polymerase chain reaction-based assay. Statistical analysis of the serologic data was performed by use of the Mann-Whitney U test or 2 x 2 table analyses.


RESULTS
The presence of HPV16 VLP-specific IgGs in the plasma of the patients was found to be associated with the presence of HPV16 DNA in the cervical smear. Significantly higher proportions of patients with persistent HPV16 infections (i.e., who were polymerase chain reaction positive in three to 11 consecutive tests) than of patients with cleared HPV16 infections were found to be positive for the presence of HPV16 VLP-specific IgGs (18 [69.2%] of 26 versus nine [28.1%] of 32, respectively; P = .003). HPV16 VLP-specific IgGs were consistently detected in all women (n = 11) who were persistently HPV16 DNA positive during follow-up and whose disease ultimately progressed to CIN III (histologically diagnosed severe dysplasia or carcinoma in situ).


CONCLUSION
HPV16 VLP-specific IgG responses are present in the plasma of a majority of patients with persistent HPV16 infections and histologically confirmed high-grade lesions but only in a smaller subset of patients with cleared HPV16 infections and either normal cervical histology or low-grade CIN lesions.


IMPLICATIONS
These results suggest that HPV16 VLP-specific antibodies are not responsible for the clearance of virally induced CIN lesions but that they might, in patients with persistent HPV16 infections, be indicative of an increased cervical cancer risk.
Causality in Quantiles and Dynamic Stock Return-Volume Relations

This paper investigates the causal relations between stock return and volume based on quantile regressions. We first define Granger non-causality in all quantiles and propose testing non-causality by a sup-Wald test. Such a test is consistent against any deviation from non-causality in distribution, as opposed to the existing tests that check only noncausality in certain moment. This test is readily extended to test non-causality in different quantile ranges. In the empirical studies of 3 major stock market indices, we find that the causal effects of volume on return are usually heterogeneous across quantiles and those of return on volume are more stable. In particular, the quantile causal effects of volume on return exhibit a spectrum of (symmetric) V -shape relations so that the dispersion of return distribution increases with lagged volume. This is an alternative evidence that volume has a positive effect on return volatility. Moreover, the inclusion of the squares of lagged returns in the model may weaken the quantile causal effects of volume on return but does not affect the causality per se. JEL Classification No: C12, G14
Inter-industry wage differentials and the gender wage gap: Evidence from European countries

This study analyses the interaction between inter-industry wage differentials and the gender wage gap in six European countries using a unique harmonised matched employer-employee data set, the 1995 European Structure of Earnings Survey. Findings show the existence of significant inter-industry wage differentials in all countries for both sexes. While their structure is quite similar for men and women and across countries, their dispersion is significantly larger in countries with decentralised bargaining. These differentials are significantly and positively correlated with industry profitability. The magnitude of this correlation, however, is lower in countries with centralised and coordinated collective bargaining. Further results show that in all countries more than 80% of the gender wage gaps within industries are statistically significant. Yet, industries having the highest and the lowest gender wage gaps vary substantially across European countries. Finally, results indicate that industry effects explain between 0 and 29% of the overall gender wage gap. * Brenda Gannon is Research Analyst at the Economic and Social Research Institute (ESRI), Dublin, Ireland. Robert Plasman is Full Professor of Economics, Labor and Industrial Relations at the Free University of Brussels (ULB). He is Director of the Department of Applied Economics of the ULB (DULBEA). François Rycx is Associate Professor of Economics and Labor at the ULB, and an Affiliate of DULBEA. Ilan Tojerow is a PhD Student and Research Fellow at DULBEA. This paper is produced as part of a Targeted Socio-Economic Research (TSER) project on Pay Inequalities and Economic Performance (PIEP) financed by the European Commission (Contract nr. HPSE-CT-1999-00040) and coordinated by David Marsden (London School of Economics). Most of the data used in this study come from the 1995 European Structure of Earnings Survey. Unfortunately, due to confidentiality issues, this data set is only available for members of the PIEP research project (http://cep.lse.ac.uk/piep/). Researchers interested in obtaining copies of the computer programs and codebooks used to generate the results should contact François Rycx at the Department of Applied Economics (DULBEA), Free University of Brussels, CP 140, 50 av. F.D. Roosevelt, 1050 Brussels, Belgium.
"Tang Our Contemporary: Twenty-First Century Adaptations of Peony Pavilion": Supplementary Materials (Video Excerpts and Photo Gallery) [Online]

These video excerpts and photographs complement the publication Ferrari, Rossella (2014) :'Tang Our Contemporary: Twenty-First Century Adaptations of Peony Pavilion.' In: Santangelo, Paolo and Tan, Tian Yuan, (eds.), Passion, Romance, and Qing: The World of Emotions and States of Mind in Peony Pavilion (3 vols.). Leiden, Boston: Brill, pp. 1482-1522. (Emotions and States of Mind in East Asia).
The Third Rewrite Engines Competition

This paper presents the main results and conclusions of the Third Rewrite Engines Competition (REC III). This edition of the competition took place as part of the 8th Workshop on Rewriting Logic and its Applications (WRLA 2010), and the systems ASF+SDF, Maude, Stratego/XT, Tom, and TXL participated in it.
Stress, coping and satisfaction in nursing students.

AIM
This article is a report of a study conducted to explore the relationship between sources of stress and psychological well-being and to consider how different sources of stress and coping resources might function as moderators and mediators on well-being.


BACKGROUND
In most research exploring sources of stress and coping in nursing students, stress has been construed as psychological distress. Sources of stress likely to enhance well-being and, by implication, learning have not been considered.


METHOD
A questionnaire was administered to 171 final year nursing students in 2008. Questions were asked to measure sources of stress when rated as likely to contribute to distress (a hassle) and rated as likely to help one achieve (an uplift). Support, control, self-efficacy and coping style were also measured, along with their potential moderating and mediating effects on well-being, operationalized using the General Health Questionnaire and measures of course and career satisfaction.


FINDINGS
Sources of stress likely to lead to distress were more often predictors of well-being than were sources of stress likely to lead to positive, eustress states, with the exception of clinical placement demands. Self-efficacy, dispositional control and support were important predictors, and avoidance coping was the strongest predictor of adverse well-being. Approach coping was not a predictor of well-being. The mere presence of support appeared beneficial as well as the utility of that support to help a student cope.


CONCLUSION
Initiatives to promote support and self-efficacy are likely to have immediate benefits for student well-being. In course reviews, nurse educators need to consider how students' experiences might contribute not just to potential distress, but to eustress as well.
A group intervention to reduce intimate partner violence among female drug users. Results from a randomized controlled pilot trial in a community substance-abuse center.

BACKGROUND
A greater proportion of drug dependent women are victims of intimate partner violence (IPV) than women in the general population; however, few interventions have been developed to reduce IPV among drug dependent women.


METHODS
An adapted version of the Women's Wellness Treatment, to address IPV and depressive symptoms, was piloted in a randomized controlled trial conducted in outpatient treatment program in Barcelona, Spain among 14 women receiving outpatient treatment for a drug use disorder who screened positive for IPV in the previous month. Participants were randomly assigned to receive the 10 session cognitive behavioral therapy (IPaViT-CBT) group intervention or treatment as usual. The frequency of IPV, depressive symptoms, substance use, quality of life and health status were assessed at baseline and 1, 3 and 12 months post intervention. Intention to treat analysis was performed.


RESULTS
Moderate effects for the intervention were found in reducing psychological maltreatment, increasing assertiveness of IPV and reducing aggressiveness in the partner relationship, and in reducing the frequency of drinking up to 3 months post intervention. The intervention did not significantly reduce the likelihood of any IPV, depressive symptoms, quality of life or self-reported health status, up to 12-months post intervention.


CONCLUSION
This pilot trial suggests some initial support for the 10-session CBT group intervention among IPV victims who received treatment for drug use. Study findings indicate that it is feasible to deliver the intervention in a community substance abuse center. An adequately powered trial is required to replicate these results.
A working, non-trivial, topically indifferent NLG System for 17 languages

We present a fully fledged practical working application for a rule-based NLG system that is able to create non-trivial, human sounding narrative from structured data, in any language (e.g., English, German, Arabic and Finnish) and for any topic.
Neurotransmission and the contraction and relaxation of penile erectile tissues

The balance between contractant and relaxant factors controls the smooth muscle of the corpus cavernosum and determines the functional state of the penis (detumescence and flaccidity versus tumescence and erection). Noradrenaline contracts both the corpus cavernosum and penile vessels, mainly via stimulation ofα 1-adrenoceptors. Recent investigations have demonstrated the presence of several subtypes of α1-adrenoceptors (α 1A,α 1B, andα 1D) in the human corpus cavernosum and also that the noradrenaline-induced contraction in this tissue is probably mediated by two or, possibly, three receptor subtypes. Even if much of the available in vitro information suggests that endothelins (ETs) may be of importance for mechanisms of detumescene and flaccidity, the role of the peptides in the control of penile smooth-muscle tone in vivo is unclear, as is the question as to whether they can contribute to erectile dysfunction. For further evaluation of the clinical importance of ETs in penile physiology and pathophysiology, clinical studies on ET-receptor antagonists would be of interest. Neurogenic nitric oxide (NO) has been considered the most important factor for relaxation of penile vessels and the corpus cavernosum, but recent studies in mice lacking neurogenic NO synthase (NOS) have shown these animals to have normal erections. This focuses interest on the role of endothelial NOS and on other agents released from nerves or endothelium. For the time being the most effective means of inducing penile erection in men involves the intracavernous administration of prostaglandin Et (PGEI). PGE1 may act partly by increasing intracellular concentrations of cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP). Recent results obtained with the adenylate cyclase stimulator forskolin suggest that penile smooth-muscle relaxation leading to penile erection can be achieved through the cAMP pathway. Thus, transmitters and agents acting through this second-messenger system may significantly contribute to relaxation of penile smooth muscle and to erection.
White matter lesions as a feature of cognitive impairment, low vitality and other symptoms of geriatric syndrome in the elderly.

AIM
White matter lesions (WML) are common findings on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in elderly persons. In this study, we analyzed the relation of WML with global cognitive function, depression, vitality/volition, and 19 symptoms of geriatric syndrome in Japanese elderly patients who attended three university geriatric outpatient clinics.


METHODS
Two hundred and eighty-six subjects (103 men and 183 women; mean +/- standard deviation age, 74.5 +/- 7.8 years) were included in this study. MRI scans were performed for the diagnosis of WML, and the severity of periventricular and deep white matter hyperintensities (PVH and DWMH) was rated semiquantitatively. Concurrently, all subjects underwent tests of cognitive function, depressive state and vitality, and were examined for 19 symptoms of geriatric syndrome.


RESULTS
The study subjects showed cognitive decline, depression and low vitality, all to a mild extent. Univariate linear regression analysis showed a negative correlation between the severity of WML and cognitive function or vitality. Multiple logistic analysis revealed that the severity of WML was a significant determinant of cognitive impairment and low vitality, after adjustment for confounding factors such as age, sex and concomitant diseases. PVH and/or DWMH score was significantly greater in subjects who exhibited 13 out of 19 symptoms of geriatric syndrome. Logistic regression analysis indicated that WML were associated with psychological disorders, gait disturbance, urinary problems and parkinsonism.


CONCLUSION
WML were associated with various symptoms of functional decline in older persons. Evaluating WML in relation to functional decline would be important for preventing disability in elderly people.
Method engineering: engineering of information systems development methods and tools

This paper proposes the term method engineering for the research field of the construction of information systems development methods and tools. Some research issues in method engineering are identified. One major research topic in method engineering is discussed in depth: situational methods, i.e. the configuration of a project approach that is tuned to the project at hand. A language and support tool for the engineering of situational methods are discussed.
Dual-band circularly polarized microstrip antenna

A new dual-band circularly polarized microstrip antenna is presented experimentally. In this paper, using dual-radiator a new design dual-band antenna can be obtained. The frequency ratio of this design is flexible which more than 1.4.
Icariin protects against intestinal ischemia-reperfusion injury.

BACKGROUND
This study investigated the role of Sirtuin 1 (SIRT1)/forkhead box O3 (FOXO3) pathway, and a possible protective function for Icariin (ICA), in intestinal ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury and hypoxia-reoxygenation (H/R) injury.


MATERIALS AND METHODS
Male Sprague-Dawley rats were pretreated with different doses of ICA (30 and 60 mg/kg) or olive oil as control 1 h before intestinal I/R. Caco-2 cells were pretreated with different concentrations of ICA (25, 50, and 100 μg/mL) and then subjected to H/R-induced injury.


RESULTS
The in vivo results demonstrated that ICA pretreatment significantly improved I/R-induced tissue damage and decreased serum tumor necrosis factor α and interleukin-6 levels. Changes of manganese superoxide dismutase, Bcl-2, and Bim were also reversed by ICA, and apoptosis was reduced. Importantly, the protective effects of ICA were positively associated with SIRT1 activation. Increased SIRT1 expression, as well as decreased acetylated FOXO3 expression, was observed in Caco-2 cells pretreated with ICA. Additionally, the protective effects of ICA were abrogated in the presence of SIRT1 inhibitor nicotinamide. This suggests that ICA exerts a protective effect upon H/R injury through activation of SIRT1/FOXO3 signaling pathway. Accordingly, the SIRT1 activator resveratrol achieved a similar protective effect as ICA on H/R injury, whereas cellular damage resulting from H/R was exacerbated by SIRT1 knockdown and nicotinamide.


CONCLUSIONS
SIRT1, activated by ICA, protects intestinal epithelial cells from I/R injury by inducing FOXO3 deacetylation both in vivo and in vitro These findings suggest that the SIRT1/FOXO3 pathway can be a target for therapeutic approaches intended to minimize injury resulting from intestinal dysfunction.
A notion of rank in set theory without choice

Abstract. Starting from the definition of `amorphous set' in set theory without the axiom of choice, we propose a notion of rank (which will only make sense for, at most, the class of Dedekind finite sets), which is intended to be an analogue in this situation of Morley rank in model theory.
Will the Pedestrian Cross? Probabilistic Path Prediction Based on Learned Motion Features

Future vehicle systems for active pedestrian safety will not only require a high recognition performance, but also an accurate analysis of the developing traffic situation. In this paper, we present a system for pedestrian action classification (walking vs. stopping) and path prediction at short, sub-second time intervals. Apart from the use of positional cues, obtained by a pedestrian detector, we extract motion features from dense optical flow. These augmented features are used in a probabilistic trajectory matching and filtering framework. The vehicle-based system was tested in various traffic scenes. We compare its performance to that of a state-of-the-art IMM Kalman filter (IMM-KF), and for the action classification task, to that of human observers, as well. Results show that human performance is best, followed by that of the proposed system, which outperforms the IMM-KF and the simpler system variants.
Metformin and other antidiabetic agents in renal failure patients.

This review mainly focuses on metformin, and considers oral antidiabetic therapy in kidney transplant patients and the potential benefits and risks of antidiabetic agents other than metformin in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD). In view of the debate concerning lactic acidosis associated with metformin, this review tries to solve a paradox: metformin should be prescribed more widely because of its beneficial effects, but also less widely because of the increasing prevalence of contraindications to metformin, such as reduced renal function. Lactic acidosis appears either as part of a number of clinical syndromes (i.e., unrelated to metformin), induced by metformin (involving an analysis of the drug's pharmacokinetics and mechanisms of action), or associated with metformin (a more complex situation, as lactic acidosis in a metformin-treated patient is not necessarily accompanied by metformin accumulation, nor does metformin accumulation necessarily lead to lactic acidosis). A critical analysis of guidelines and literature data on metformin therapy in patients with CKD is presented. Following the present focus on metformin, new paradoxical issues can be drawn up, in particular: (i) metformin is rarely the sole cause of lactic acidosis; (ii) lactic acidosis in patients receiving metformin therapy is erroneously still considered a single medical entity, as several different scenarios can be defined, with contrasting prognoses. The prognosis for severe lactic acidosis seems even better in metformin-treated patients than in non-metformin users.
A 750 Mb/s, 12 pJ/b, 6-to-10 GHz CMOS IR-UWB Transmitter With Embedded On-Chip Antenna

This paper presents a novel impulse radio based ultra-wideband transmitter. The transmitter is designed in 0.18 mum CMOS process realizing extremely low complexity and low power. It exploits the 6-to-10 GHz band to generate short duration bi-phase modulated UWB pulses with a center frequency of 8 GHz. No additional RF filtering circuits are required since the pulse generator circuit itself has the functionality of pulse shaping. Generated pulses comply with the FCC spectral emission mask. Measured results show that the transmitter consumes 12 pJ/b to achieve a maximum pulse repetition rate of 750 Mb/s. An optional embedded on-chip antenna and a power amplifier operating in 6-10 GHz band are also designed and investigated as a future low cost solution for very short distance IR-UWB communications.