LLukas22/scidocs huggingface dataset:
Atrial fibrillation detection using feature based algorithm and deep convolutional neural network

Aims: Electrocardiographic waveforms (ECG) are recognized as the most reliable method to detect abnormal heart rhythms such as atrial fibrillation. This task is challenging when the signals are distorted by noise. This paper presents an automatic classification algorithm to classify short lead ECGs in terms of abnormality of heart rhythm (AF or alternative rhythms) and quality (noisy recordings). Methods: To meet this end, at first baseline wander removal and Butterworth filter for each signal are applied as a preprocessing stage. Due to the existence of noise in recordings, high quality beats are selected for any further analysis using cycle quality assessment. Then, three sets of features defined as correlation coefficient, fractal dimension and variance of R peaks are extracted to predict noisy recordings. Two separate approaches are employed to classify other three classes. The first approach is the feature based methodology and the second one is the applying deep neural networks. In the first approach, features from different domains are extracted. The method for AF detection utilizes and characterizes variability in RR-intervals which are extracted by applying classic Pan-Tompkins algorithm. To improve the accuracy of the AF-detection, atrial activity is analyzed by understanding whether the P-wave is present in signal. This is done by investigating the morphology of P-waves. Heart rate abnormality and the existence of premature beats in a signal are regarded as two characteristics to distinguish non-AF rhythms. The whole sets of features are fed into a neural network classifier. Another approach uses the segments with 600 samples as the input of a 1 dimensional convolutional neural network. The output obtained from both approaches are combined using a decision table and finally the recordings are classified into three classes. Results: The proposed method is evaluated using scoring function from 2017 PhysioNet/CinC Challenge and achieved an overall score of 80% and 71% on the training dataset and hidden test dataset, respectively.
Autoregressive conditional heteroskedasticity with estimates of the variance of United Kingdom infla

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Handheld or Handsfree?: Remote Collaboration via Lightweight Head-Mounted Displays and Handheld Devices

Emerging wearable and mobile communication technologies, such as lightweight head-mounted displays (HMDs) and handheld devices, promise support for everyday remote collaboration. Despite their potential for widespread use, their effectiveness as collaborative tools is unknown, particularly in physical tasks involving mobility. To better understand their impact on collaborative behaviors, perceptions, and performance, we conducted a two-by-two (technology type: HMD vs. tablet computer; task setting: static vs. dynamic) between-subjects study where participants (n=66) remotely collaborated as ``helper' and ``worker' pairs in the construction of a physical object. Our results showed that, in the dynamic task, HMD use enabled helpers to offer more frequent directing commands and more proactive assistance, resulting in marginally faster task completion. In the static task, while tablet use helped convey subtle visual information, helpers and workers had conflicting perceptions of how the two technologies contributed to their success. Our findings offer strong design and research implications, underlining the importance of a consistent view of the shared workspace and the differential support collaborators with different roles receive from technologies.
History of Pediatric Hematology Oncology

Pediatric Hematology Oncology as a specialty was possible because of the evolution of the science of Hematology, which developed microscopy for describing blood cell morphology and methods for quantitation of these elements. Before pediatric blood diseases could be defined, it was necessary to establish the normal blood values of infancy and childhood. The unique features of the blood of the newborn were the focus of many of the early studies. After normal values were established, specific blood disease and hematologic syndromes of children began to be described in Europe and the United States. Pediatric Hematology Oncology is a broad and complex area that encompasses perturbations of the several-formed elements of the blood and their precursors in the bone marrow, as well as the coagulation-fibrinolytic systems in the plasma, the reticuloendothelial system, and malignancies of the blood and solid tissues and organs. The interactions of the blood and nutrition have long been important areas of study. Advances in Pediatric Oncology have been particularly spectacular in the last 50 years. Using multi-modal therapy including combination chemotherapy, more than 80% of children with cancer can now be cured. During the last 50 years, Pediatric Hematology Oncology has increasingly used tools of the “new biology”: immunology, biochemistry, enzymology, genetics and molecular genetics, and others. During the last century, many diseases have been recognized and defined by biochemical and genetic mechanisms, and in some instances they have been prevented or cured.
On the Factorization of RSA-120

We present data concerning the factorization of the 12O-digit number RSA-120, which we factored on July 9,1993, using the quadratic sieve method. The factorization took approximately 825 MIPS years and was completed within three months real time. At the time of writing RSA-120 is the largest integer ever factored by a general purpose factoring algorithm. We also present some conservative extrapolations to estimate the difficulty of factoring even larger numbers, using either the quadratic sieve method or the number field sieve, and discuss the issue of the crossover point between these two methods. On the factorization of RSA-120 Evaluation of integer factoring algorithms, both from a theoretical and practical point of view, is of great importance for anyone interested in the security of factoring-based public key cryptosystems. In this paper we concentrate on the practical aspects of factoring. Furthermore, we restrict ourselves to general purpose factoring algorithms, i.e., algorithms that do not rely on special properties the numbers to be factored or their factors might have. These are the algorithms that are most relevant for cryptanalysis. Currently the two leading general purpose factoring algorithms are the quadratic sieve (QS) and the number field sieve (NFS), cf. [12] and [2]. Throughout this paper, NFS is the generalized version (from [2]) of the algorithm from [$I; the latter algorithm is much faster, but can only be applied to composites of a very special form, cf. [9]. Let ~ , [ a , b ] = exp((b+ o(l))(log2:)"(ioglogz)'-") for real a, b , 2, and 2: -+ 00. To factor an odd integer n > 1 which is not a prime power, QS runs in time D.R. Stinson (Ed.): Advances in Cryptology CRYPT0 '93, LNCS 773, pp. 166-174, 1994 0 Spnnger-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 1994
Analysis of the Contribution of Agricultural Sector on the Nigerian Economic Development

Agricultural sector is seen as an engine that contributes to the growth of the overall economy of Nigeria, despite these efforts the sector is still characterized with low yields, low level of inputs and limited areas under cultivation due to government dependence on mono-cultural economy based on oil. This paper is an attempt to examine the impact of the agricultural sector on the Nigerian economy. The panel of data used was sourced from the statistical bulletin of the Central Bank of Nigeria and World Bank’s development indicators, multiple regression was used to analyze the data, the result indicated a positive relationship between Gross Domestic Product (GDP) vis a vis domestic saving, government expenditure on agriculture and foreign direct investment between the period of 1986-2007. It was also revealed in the study that 81% of the variation in GDP could be explained by Domestic Savings, Government Expenditure and Foreign Direct Investment. In order to improve the agricultural sector it is recommended that government provides more funding for agricultural universities in Nigeria to carry out researches on all areas of agricultural production this will lead to more exports and improvement in the competitiveness of Nigeria agriculture production in international markets. The Central bank of Nigeria should also come up with a stable policy for loan disbursement to farmers at a reasonable interest payback.
NMDA hypofunction in the posterior cingulate as a model for schizophrenia: an exploratory ketamine administration study in fMRI

BACKGROUND
Based on animal data, NMDA receptor hypofunction has been suggested as a model for positive symptoms in schizophrenia. NMDA receptor hypofunction affects several corticolimbic brain regions, of which the posterior cingulate seems to be the most sensitive. However, empirical support for a crucial role of posterior cingulate NMDA hypofunction in the pathophysiology of positive symptoms is still missing in humans. We therefore conducted an fMRI study using the NMDA antagonist ketamine in healthy human subjects during episodic memory retrieval, which is supposed to activate the posterior cingulate.


METHODS
We investigated 16 healthy subjects which were assigned to either placebo (n = 7; saline) or ketamine (n = 9; 0.6 mg/kg/h) group in a double-blind study design. All subjects received their infusion while performing an episodic memory retrieval task in the scanner. Immediately after the fMRI session, psychopathological effects of ketamine were measured using the Altered States of Consciousness Questionnaire.


RESULTS
The placebo group showed BOLD signal increases in the posterior and anterior cingulate during retrieval. Signal increases were significantly lower in the ketamine group. Lower signal increases in the posterior cingulate correlated significantly with positive (i.e. psychosis-like) symptoms induced by ketamine.


CONCLUSION
The present study for the first time demonstrates a relationship between NMDA receptors, posterior cingulate and positive (i.e. psychosis-like) symptoms in humans. Confirming findings from animal studies, it supports the hypothesis of a pathophysiological role of NMDA receptor hypofunction in the posterior cingulate in schizophrenia.
Occupational therapy effects on visual-motor skills in preschool children.

OBJECTIVE
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the assumption that preschool children who receive occupational therapy will demonstrate significant improvement in their visual-motor skills as measured on the Developmental Test of Visual-Motor Integration (VMI) and the two supplemental Visual Perception and Motor Coordination tests.


METHOD
Preschool children with developmental delays (n = 12) received occupational therapy a minimum of one individual 30-minute session, and one group 30-minute session per week for 1 school year. Their performance was compared to that of two control groups; preschool students without disabilities who received occupational therapy (n = 16) for one 30-minute group session per week and students without disabilities (n = 15) who received no occupational therapy. The VMI and two supplemental tests were administered three times to each student, at the beginning, middle, and end of school year.


RESULTS
Planned comparison tests showed that students with developmental delays demonstrated statistically significant improvement in visual-motor skills and developed skills at a rate faster than expected when compared to typically developing peers on the VMI. The effect size for preschool students without disabilities who received occupational therapy exceeded the effect size for the VMI and Visual Perception supplemental test for the preschool students without disabilities who received no therapy, although, the difference in the post-test performance of these two groups was not statistically significant.


DISCUSSION
The results of this study demonstrate that intervention, including occupational therapy, can effectively improve visual-motor skills in preschool-aged children.
Family and youth factors associated with health beliefs and health outcomes in youth with type 1 diabetes.

OBJECTIVE
To examine the association of family organization with metabolic control in adolescents with type 1 diabetes through the mechanisms of family self-efficacy for diabetes and disease management.


METHOD
Data from the baseline assessment of a longitudinal RCT were used, wherein 257 adolescent-parent dyads (adolescents aged 11-14) each completed the family organization subscale of the Family Environment Scale, the self-efficacy for Diabetes Self-Management Scale, the Diabetes Behavior Rating Scale, and 2 24-hr diabetes interviews.


RESULTS
Structural equation modeling showed greater family organization was associated indirectly with better disease management behaviors via greater family self-efficacy (β = .38, p < .001). Greater self-efficacy was indirectly associated with better metabolic control via better disease management both concurrently (β = -.37, p < .001) and prospectively (β = -.26, p < .001). The full model indicates more family organization is indirectly associated with better metabolic control concurrently and prospectively through greater self-efficacy and better disease management (β = -.13, p < .001).


CONCLUSIONS
Understanding the mechanisms by which family organization is associated with metabolic control provides insight into possible avenues of prevention/intervention for better diabetes management.
Evaluation of an ambulatory system for gait analysis in hip osteoarthritis and after total hip replacement

Spatial and temporal parameters of gait have clinical relevance in the assessment of motor pathologies, particularly in orthopaedics. A new gait analysis system is proposed which consists of (a) an ambulatory device (Physilog ®) including a set of miniature gyroscopes and a portable datalogger, and (b) an algorithm for gait analysis. The aim of this study was the validation of this system, for accuracy and clinical applicability. Eleven patients with coxarthrosis, eight patients with total hip arthroplasty and nine control subjects were studied using this portable system and also a reference motion analyzer and force plate. The small differences in the stance period (19 ± 31 ms), stride length and velocity (0.4 ± 9.6 cm and 2.5 ± 8.3 cm/s, respectively), as well as thigh and shank rotations (2 .4 ± 4.3◦ and 0.3 ± 3.3◦, respectively), confirmed good agreement of the proposed system with the reference system. In addition, nearly the same accuracy was obtained for all three groups. Gait analysis based on Physilog ® was also in agreement with their Harris Hip Scores (HHS): the subjects with lower scores had a greater limp, a slower walking speed and a shorter stride. This ambulatory gait analysis system provides an easy, reproducible and objective method of quantifying changes in gait after joint replacement surgery for coxarthrosis. © 2003 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
Sperm competition and its evolutionary consequences in humans

Sexual selection is the mechanism that favors an increase in the frequency of alleles associated with reproduction (Darwin, 1871). Darwin distinguished sexual selection from natural selection, but today most evolutionary scientists combine the two concepts under the name, natural selection. Sexual selection is composed of intrasexual competition (competition between members of the same sex for sexual access to members of the opposite sex) and intersexual selection (differential mate choice of members of the opposite sex). Focusing mainly on precopulatory adaptations associated with intrasexual competition and intersexual selection, postcopulatory sexual selection was largely ignored even a century after the presentation of sexual selection theory. Parker (1970) was the first to recognize that male–male competition may continue even after the initiation of copulation when males compete for fertilizations. More recently, Thornhill (1983) and others (e.g. Eberhard, 1996) recognized that intersexual selection may also continue after the initiation of copulation when a female biases paternity between two or more males’ sperm. The competition between males for fertilization of a single female’s ova is known as sperm competition (Parker, 1970), and the selection of sperm from two or more males by a single female is known as cryptic female choice (Eberhard, 1996; Thornhill, 1983). Although sperm competition and cryptic female choice together compose postcopulatory sexual selection (see Table 6.1), sperm competition is often used in reference to both processes (e.g. Baker & Bellis, 1995; Birkhead & Møller, 1998; Simmons, 2001; Shackelford, Pound, & Goetz, 2005). In this chapter, we review the current state of knowledge regarding human sperm competition (and see Shackelford et al., 2005).
Association of age and response to androgen-deprivation therapy with or without radiotherapy for prostate cancer: data from CaPSURE.

OBJECTIVE
To assess whether the response to primary androgen-deprivation therapy (PADT) and radiotherapy (RT) plus adjuvant ADT would be muted in older men, as their tumours might already be relatively androgen insensitive, because serum testosterone levels decline with increasing age.


PATIENTS AND METHODS
Using the Cancer of the Prostate Strategic Urologic Research Endeavor database, we conducted an observational study evaluating two groups of men treated for prostate cancer from 1995 to 2006. One group of 1748 men was treated with PADT and the second group of 612 men was treated with RT (external beam RT or brachytherapy) with neoadjuvant and/or adjuvant ADT. We tested whether age was a predictor of disease progression in the PADT group and prostate-specific antigen (PSA) recurrence in the RT + ADT group (Phoenix definition). Secondary outcomes were all cause (ACM) and prostate cancer-specific mortality (PCSM).


RESULTS
In both univariate and multivariate analysis stratifying by clinical risk group, age (<65, 65-69, 70-74, and > or =75 years) was not associated with the risk of secondary treatment or PSA recurrence for the PADT and the RT + ADT groups, respectively. Age category had no relationship to increased ACM or PCSM for the RT + ADT group. However, for the PADT group the oldest category (>75 years) had an increased hazard ratio (2.26, 95% confidence interval 1.04-4.88; P = 0.02) for ACM, but a decreased ratio for PCSM (0.29, 0.21-0.42; P < 0.01).


CONCLUSION
If we assume that age is a valid proxy measure for free available testosterone levels, then these levels do not seem to affect the likelihood of response to ADT, either used alone or combined with RT.
Integrated heat air and moisture modeling and simulation

of corresponding MSc thesis by P.W.M.H. Steskens, 2006 June The purpose of this research project is to develop a computational model for multi dimensional transient Heat, Air and Moisture (HAM) flows in buildings. This project intends to produce a tool that enables the analysis of conditions leading to degradation of building components. It is the intention that with a combination of a transient multidimensional Heat, Air and Moisture (HAM) building model, models describing deterioration in building materials, and systematic collection of empirical knowledge, it may be possible to predict better the degradation processes in building materials. Two problems that are related to the development of a multidimensional transient HAM building model are studied. The first issue considers the research of the local temperature and humidity levels and variations in a room. The perspectives and possibilities of modeling a room with surrounding construction are studied. First of all, the airflow in the room as well as the temperature distribution in the building construction and materials is modeled. The modeling results in a transient multidimensional model of a room, which describes the thermal conditions (Heat and Air flow) in the room. Second, the model is verified and validated using experimental data. Third, the model is extended by adding moisture flow to the model. Finally, the obtained transient multidimensional HAM model of the room is verified and validated using experimental data obtained from literature. The second problem issue considers the research to the detailed thermodynamic behavior of a floor heating. First of all, models, describing the thermodynamic behavior of a floor heating, documented in literature and scientific articles are researched. Second, starting from a scientific article that is representative for the state-of-the-art in modeling floor heating thermal behavior, the results presented in the article have been reproduced. Third, the model is extended and improved for the general application in building services engineering and control design. The resulting model is expected to be a transient multidimensional detailed model of the thermal behavior of a floor heating system in a building.
Spread Pattern Formation of H5N1-Avian Influenza and its Implications for Control Strategies

Mechanisms contributing to the spread of avian influenza seem to be well identified, but how their interplay led to the current worldwide spread pattern of H5N1 influenza is still unknown due to the lack of effective global surveillance and relevant data. Here we develop some deterministic models based on the transmission cycle and modes of H5N1 and focusing on the interaction among poultry, wild birds and environment. Some of the model parameters are obtained from existing literatures, and others are allowed to vary in order to assess the effectiveness of various control strategies involving bird migration, agro-ecological environments, live and dead poultry trading, smuggling of wild birds, mechanical movement of infected materials and specific farming practices. Our simulations are carried out for a set of parameters that leads to the basic reproduction number 3.3. We show that by reducing 95% of the initial susceptible poultry population or by killing all infected poultry birds within one day, one may control the disease outbreak in a local setting. Our simulation shows that cleaning the environment is also a feasible and useful control measure, but culling wild birds and destroying their habitat are ineffective control measures. We use a one dimensional PDE model to examine the contribution to the spatial spread rate by the size of the susceptible poultry birds, the diffusion rates of the wild birds and the virus. We notice the diffusion rate of the wild birds with high mortality has very little impact on the spread speed. But for the wild birds who can survive the infection, depending on the direction of convection, their diffusion rate can substantially increase the spread rate, indicating a significant role of the migration of these type of wild birds in the spread of the disease.
A comparison of methods for sketch-based 3D shape retrieval

1077-3142/$ see front matter 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cviu.2013.11.008 q This paper has been recommended for acceptance by Nicu Sebe. ⇑ Corresponding author. Address: 601 University Drive, Department of Computer Science, Texas State University, San Marcos, TX 78666, United States. Fax: +1 512 245 8750. E-mail address: lu@txstate.edu (Y. Lu). Bo Li , Yijuan Lu a,⇑, Afzal Godil , Tobias Schreck , Benjamin Bustos , Alfredo Ferreira , Takahiko Furuya , Manuel J. Fonseca , Henry Johan , Takahiro Matsuda , Ryutarou Ohbuchi , Pedro B. Pascoal , Jose M. Saavedra d,h