LLukas22/scidocs huggingface dataset:
Adaptive Target Tracking in Sensor Networks

Recent advances in processor, memory and radio technology have enabled cheap nodes capable of sensing, communication and processing. Networks of distributed microsensors are rapidly emerging as a feasible solution to a wide range of data gathering applications. However, the key impediments to successful deployment of microsensor nodes are their energy and longevity constraints. We propose a quality aware information collection protocol in sensor networks for tracking applications. The protocol explores trade-off between energy and application quality to significantly reduce energy consumption in the sensor network thereby enhancing the lifetimes of sensor nodes. Simulation results over elementary movement patterns in a tracking application scenario strengthen the merits of our adaptive information collection framework.
DESIGN OF BPF USING INTERDIGITAL BANDPASS FILTER ON CENTER FREQUENCY 3 GHZ .

Abstract— In this paper a high performance Bandpass micro strip filter is presented. The filter is designed using interdigital bandpass filter to improve the performance of Bandpass filter. The designed filter is based on 5th order chebyshev low pass prototype with .1 dB passband ripples. The filter operates with passband from 2GHz-4 GHz, produces a fractional bandwidth of 66%. The filter is designed on a FR4 substrate with relative dielectric constant of 4.4 and a thickness of 1.57mm. The simulated result using HFSS shows an insertion loss (S21) less than -1.8dB and return loss (S11) better than -8 dB.
Understanding vulnerability to self-harm in times of economic hardship and austerity: a qualitative study.

OBJECTIVE
Self-harm and suicide increase in times of economic recession, but little is known about why people self-harm when in financial difficulty, and in what circumstances self-harm occurs. This study aimed to understand events and experiences leading to the episode of self-harm and to identify opportunities for prevention or mitigation of distress.


SETTING
Participants' homes or university rooms.


PARTICIPANTS
19 people who had attended hospital following self-harm in two UK cities and who specifically cited job loss, economic hardship or the impact of austerity measures as a causal or contributory factor.


PRIMARY AND SECONDARY OUTCOME MEASURES
Semistructured, in-depth interviews. Interviews were audio recorded, transcribed and analysed cross-sectionally and as case studies.


RESULTS
Study participants described experiences of severe economic hardship; being unable to find employment or losing jobs, debt, housing problems and benefit sanctions. In many cases problems accumulated and felt unresolvable. For others an event, such as a call from a debt collector or benefit change triggered the self-harm. Participants also reported other current or past difficulties, including abuse, neglect, bullying, domestic violence, mental health problems, relationship difficulties, bereavements and low self-esteem. These contributed to their sense of despair and worthlessness and increased their vulnerability to self-harm. Participants struggled to gain the practical help they felt they needed for their economic difficulties or therapeutic support that might have helped with their other co-existing or historically damaging experiences.


CONCLUSIONS
Economic hardships resulting from the recession and austerity measures accumulated or acted as a 'final straw' to trigger self-harm, often in the context of co-existing or historically damaging life-experiences. Interventions to mitigate these effects should include providing practical advice about economic issues before difficulties become insurmountable and providing appropriate psychosocial support for vulnerable individuals.
Radiographic progression of knee osteoarthritis is associated with MRI abnormalities in both the patellofemoral and tibiofemoral joint.

OBJECTIVE
To investigate patterns of MRI abnormalities in the patellofemoral (PFJ) and tibiofemoral joint (TFJ) and their association with radiographic progression, using hypothesis free analyses.


DESIGN
205 patients from the GARP study with symptomatic OA at multiple sites (mean age 60 years, 80% woman, median BMI 26 kg/m(2)), underwent knee MRI at baseline. Cartilage damage, osteophytes, cysts, bone marrow lesions (BMLs) and effusion/synovitis were scored according to a validated scoring method. Baseline and 6-year TFJ and PFJ radiographs were scored (0-3) for JSN and osteophytes according to OARSI and Burnett atlases, respectively; progression was defined as ≥1 point increase. Baseline patterns of MRI abnormalities derived from principal component analysis (PCA) were associated with progression using adjusted generalized estimating equations (GEE).


RESULTS
PCA resulted in extraction of six components, explaining 69% of variance. In 29% and 29% of 133 patients with follow-up the TFJ progressed, whereas in 15% and 9% the PFJ progressed for osteophytes and JSN, respectively. Component 1 (cartilage damage of the PFJ and osteophytes of both joints) was statistically significant associated with TFJ JSN progression and PFJ osteophyte progression. Component 2 (all lateral PFJ abnormalities except osteophytes) was associated with JSN/osteophyte progression in the PFJ alone, whereas component 3 (all medial TFJ abnormalities except osteophytes) was associated with JSN and osteophyte progression in both PFJ and TFJ.


CONCLUSION
Baseline structural damage and bone turnover activity, as reflected by BMLs, seem to be involved in knee OA progression. Moreover, progression in PFJ and TFJ seems to be related.
A comparison of unsedated colonoscopy and flexible sigmoidoscopy in the family medicine setting: an LA Net study.

BACKGROUND
Colonoscopy visualizes more of the colon than flexible sigmoidoscopy. This study compares the outcomes of an unsedated modified colon endoscopy (MCE) with flexible sigmoidoscopy (FS) in family medicine practice.


METHODS
We conducted a retrospective chart review of existing clinical data to compare outcomes for 48 patients undergoing MCE and 35 patients undergoing FS at 3 family medicine practices in Los Angeles. Outcomes of interest included completion rates, number of complications, depth reached, anatomic site visualized, and information about the number and nature of clinical findings.


RESULTS
No significant differences were found between MCE and FS regarding completion rates (83.3% vs 75%, respectively). Expected statistically significant differences were found between the 2 procedures in the anatomic site visualized (P<.01) and depth reached (P<.01). Clinical pathologies were identified in 58% of MCE patients and 37% of FS patients. Four adenocarcinomas were identified in the MCE group in the proximal region of the colon that could not have been detected by FS.


CONCLUSIONS
Findings from this study suggest that MCE can be an acceptable alternative to FS in office settings for colorectal cancer screening.
Reduction in spinal-induced hypotension with ondansetron in parturients undergoing caesarean section: a double-blind randomised, placebo-controlled study.

BACKGROUND
Subarachnoid block is the preferred method of anaesthesia for caesarean section, but is associated with hypotension and bradycardia, which may be deleterious to both parturient and baby. Animal studies suggest that in the presence of decreased blood volume, 5-HT may be an important factor inducing the Bezold Jarisch reflex via 5-HT3 receptors located in intracardiac vagal nerve endings. In this study, we evaluated the effect of ondansetron, as a 5-HT3 receptor antagonist, on the haemodynamic response following subarachnoid block in parturients undergoing elective caesarean section.


METHODS
Fifty-two parturients scheduled for elective caesarean section were randomly allocated into two groups. Before induction of spinal anaesthesia Group O (n=26) received intravenous ondansetron 4 mg; Group S (n=26) received normal saline. Blood pressure, heart rate and vasopressor requirements were assessed.


RESULTS
Decreases in mean arterial pressure were significantly lower in Group O than Group S from 14 min until 35 min. Patients in Group O required significantly less vasopressor (P=0.009) and had significantly lower incidences of nausea and vomiting (P=0.049).


CONCLUSION
Ondansetron 4 mg, given intravenously 5 min before subarachnoid block reduced hypotension and vasopressor use in parturients undergoing elective caesarean section.
Frictions in Shadow Banking : Evidence from the Lending Behavior of Money Market Funds ∗

We document the consequences of money market fund risk taking during the European sovereign debt crisis. Using a novel data set of security-level holdings of prime money market funds, we show that funds with large exposures to risky Eurozone banks suffered significant outflows between June and August 2011. Due to credit market frictions, these outflows have significant spillover effects on other firms: non-European issuers that typically rely on these funds raise less financing in this period. The results are not driven by issuers’ riskiness or exposure to Europe: for the same issuer, money market funds with greater exposure to Eurozone banks decrease their holdings more than other funds. We show that relationships are important in short-term credit markets so that these spillover effects cannot be seamlessly offset, even though issuers are large, highly rated firms. Our results illustrate that instabilities associated with money market funds persist despite recent changes to the regulations governing them. JEL G01, G18, G21, G28, G32 ∗This paper was previously circulated under the title “The Quiet Run of 2011: Money Market Funds and the European Debt Crisis”. We thank Susan Christoffersen, Robin Greenwood, Sam Hanson, Victoria Ivashina, Patrick McCabe, Morgan Ricks, David Scharfstein, Alexander Schulz, Jeremy Stein, René Stulz, Mike Weisbach, and seminar participants at the Bank of Canada, the EFA Annual Meetings, the Federal Reserve Board, Harvard Business School, and the Ohio State University for helpful comments, and Pete Crane for discussing the money markets with us.
An Update on Neurocognitive Profiles in Asperger Syndrome and High-Functioning Autism:

rently conceptualized as a neurodevelopmental disorder, related to autism with regard to deficits in social interaction and restricted or obsessive interest patterns, but characterized by less severe language and cognitive impairments (Volkmar & Klin, 2000). Almost 60 years ago, an Austrian pediatrician, Hans Asperger (1944/1991), introduced this disorder as “autistic psychopathy” to the German-speaking world when he described four unusual boys with fluent language skills but peculiar ways of using language, social isolation, abnormal voice prosody, a desire for sameness, repetitive behavior, and odd nonverbal communication. Asperger’s case descriptions emphasized odd use of eye gaze, speech, and movements, as well as difficulty with learning in a conventional manner. The need for predictability, routine, and sameness was underscored in a case example where Asperger commented, “If something was only slightly different from the way that he had imagined it or from what he was used to, he was upset and confused and would go into long tirades” (p. 61). Originally, he wrote that this disorder could occur on a continuum, at any level of ability, from mental retardation to intellectual genius. Just a year prior to the publication of Asperger’s (1944/1991) paper, Leo Kanner (1943) published an account of 11 children with “early infantile autism” in English. Kanner’s and Asperger’s papers provided case illustrations with salient distinguishing features between these conditions. Wing (1998) commented that individuals could be selected from each group to represent contrasts in behavior and clinical presentation. Members of Kanner’s group of children were characterized by severe language delays or the absence of language, whereas Asperger’s cases were characterized by their pedantic, long-winded, and precocious speech. The prototypical cases described by Kanner were either mute or echolalic, lined up toys, were socially oblivious, and
Dual Applications of Proximal Bundle Methods, Including Lagrangian Relaxation of Nonconvex Problems

We exhibit useful properties of proximal bundle methods for nding min S f, where f and S are convex. We show that they asymptotically nd objective subgradients and constraint multipliers involved in optimality conditions, multipliers of objective pieces for max-type functions, and primal and dual solutions in Lagrangian decomposition of convex programs. When applied to Lagrangian relaxation of nonconvex programs, they nd solutions to relaxed convexiied versions of such programs. Numerical results are presented for unit commitment in power production scheduling.
Audio signal processing by neural networks

In this paper a review of architectures suitable for nonlinear real-time audio signal processing is presented. The computational and structural complexity of neural networks (NNs) represent in fact, the main drawbacks that can hinder many practical NNs multimedia applications. In particular e,cient neural architectures and their learning algorithm for real-time on-line audio processing are discussed. Moreover, applications in the -elds of (1) audio signal recovery, (2) speech quality enhancement, (3) nonlinear transducer linearization, (4) learning based pseudo-physical sound synthesis, are brie1y presented and discussed. c © 2003 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
Space-Time Tradeoffs in Photo Sequencing

Photo-sequencing is the problem of recovering the temporal order of a set of still images of a dynamic event, taken asynchronously by a set of uncalibrated cameras. Solving this problem is a first, crucial step for analyzing (or visualizing) the dynamic content of the scene captured by a large number of freely moving spectators. We propose a geometric based solution, followed by rank aggregation to the photo-sequencing problem. Our algorithm trades spatial certainty for temporal certainty. Whereas the previous solution proposed by [4] relies on two images taken from the same static camera to eliminate uncertainty in space, we drop the static-camera assumption and replace it with temporal information available from images taken from the same (moving) camera. Our method thus overcomes the limitation of the static-camera assumption, and scales much better with the duration of the event and the spread of cameras in space. We present successful results on challenging real data sets and large scale synthetic data (250 images).
Vascular surgery training trends from 2001-2007: A substantial increase in total procedure volume is driven by escalating endovascular procedure volume and stable open procedure volume.

BACKGROUND
Endovascular procedure volume has increased rapidly, and endovascular procedures have become the initial treatment option for many vascular diseases. Consequently, training in endovascular procedures has become an essential component of vascular surgery training. We hypothesized that, due to this paradigm shift, open surgical case volume may have declined, thereby jeopardizing training and technical skill acquisition in open procedures.


METHODS
Vascular surgery trainees are required to log both open and endovascular procedures with the Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education (ACGME). We analyzed the ACGME database (2001-2007), which records all cases (by Current Procedural Terminology [CPT] code) performed by graduating vascular trainees. Case volume was evaluated according to the mean number of cases performed per graduating trainee.


RESULTS
The mean number of total major vascular procedures performed per trainee increased by 174% between 2001 and 2007 (from 298.3 to 519.2). Endovascular diagnostic and therapeutic procedures increased by 422% (from 63.7 to 269.1) and accounted for 93.0% of the increase in total procedures. The number of open aortic procedures (aneurysm, occlusive, mesenteric, renal) decreased by 17.1% (from 49.7 to 41.2), while the number of endovascular aortic aneurysm repair procedures increased by 298.8% (from 16.9 to 50.5). Specifically, open aortic aneurysm procedures decreased by 21.8%, aortobifemoral bypass increased by 3.2%, and open mesenteric or renal procedures decreased by 13%. Infrainguinal bypass procedures remained relatively constant (from 37.6 to 36.5, 2.9% decrease), and the number of carotid endarterectomy procedures performed did not change significantly (from 43.6 to 42.2, 3.2% decrease).


CONCLUSION
Vascular surgery trainees are performing a vastly increased total number of procedures. This increase in total procedure volume is almost entirely attributable to the recent increase in endovascular procedures. Aside from a small decline in open aortic procedures, the volume of open surgical procedures has largely remained stable. It is essential that vascular surgery training programs continue to focus on both endovascular and open surgical skills in order for vascular surgeons to remain the premier specialists to care for patients with vascular disease.
Does corporate governance lead to a change in the capital structure ?

The study investigates the relationship between corporate governance and capital structure of randomly selected 19 banks of Pakistan. The data was collected from financial statements issued by financial institution and multiple regression model was applied to find the relationship between the variables. Results show that there is no relationship between corporate governance and capital structure in the banking sector of Pakistan. Furthermore, our findings show that all independent variables are positively related with capital structure except ownership concentration which affects adversely to capital structure but overall there is an insignificant relationship between capital structure and corporate governance.
Othello syndrome in patients with Parkinson's disease.

BACKGROUND
Othello syndrome (OS) is an organic delusional disorder with prevailing jealousy symptoms presumably appearing as side effect of antiparkinsonian therapy. The clinical spectrum of psychiatric symptoms in Parkinson's disease (PD) is very wide, including symptoms of depression and anxiety, hallucinations, delusions, with prevalent paranoid symptoms, agitation, delirium and sleep disorders. At our knowledge, just a few cases of patients with PD and OS were reported till now.


METHODS
three neurologists working in a tertiary referral centre were asked to report cases of pathological jealousy as defined by the DSM IV criteria (Kaplan et al. 1994). The following data were collected retrospectively: sex, age at PD onset, age at OS onset, duration of PD, duration of PD treatment, duration of treatment with dopamine agonists (DAs), treatment of OS, past history of alcoholism, premorbid personality disorder, family history of psychiatric disorders and data about general cognitive condition.


RESULTS
Five PD patients (three males) with OS were investigated. The mean age of the patients at the PD onset was 46.80+/-8.87 (SD), the mean age at the OS onset was 56.40+/-8.76 (SD). Before the onset of OS, all of them were taking dopamine agonists. The first patient was treated with pramipexole, apomorphine infusion and levodopa/carbidopa, the second with apomorphine infusion plus levodopa/carbidopa/entacapone, the third with pramipexole, the fourth and fifth with ropinirole. Decrease of dopamine agonist led to clinical improvement in three patients (complete reduction of the symptoms in two, reduction of symptoms in one patients). In two patients, the symptoms remained the same. In three patients atypical neuroleptics had to be added: clozapine in two and quetiapine in one patient.


CONCLUSIONS
We believe that OS is a more common psychiatric side effect in PD patients on treatment with dopamine agonists than usually believed, particulary in those with early disease onset. It is a very disturbing symptom for patients and their partners, often underestimated by them, and should therefore be actively searched for.
Randomized prospective comparison of midline and off-midline closure techniques in pilonidal sinus surgery.

BACKGROUND
Pilonidal sinus is a chronic inflammatory disorder of the intergluteal sulcus. The disorder often negatively affects patients' quality of life, and there are numerous possible methods of operative treatment for pilonidal sinus. The aim of our study was to compare the results of 3 different operative procedures (tension-free primary closure, Limberg flap, and Karydakis technique) used in the treatment of pilonidal disease.


METHODS
The study was conducted via a prospective randomized design. The patients were randomized into 3 groups via a closed envelope method. Patients were included in the study after admission to our clinic with pilonidal sinus disease and operative treatment already were planned. The 2 main outcomes of the study were early complications from the methods used and later recurrences of the disease.


RESULTS
A total of 150 patients were included in the study, and the groups were similar in terms of age, sex, and American Society of Anesthesiologists scores. The median follow-up time of the study was 24.2 months (range, 18.5-34.27) postsurgery. The recurrence rates were 6% for both the Limberg and Karydakis groups and 4% for the tension-free primary closure group. Therefore, there was no substantial difference in the recurrence rates.


CONCLUSION
The search for an ideal treatment modality for pilonidal sinus disease is still ongoing. The main conclusion of our study is that a tension-free healing side is much more important than a midline suture line. Also, tension-free primary closure is as effective as a flap procedure, and it is also easier to perform.
Curvature and Creases: A Primer on Paper

This paper presents fundamental results about how zero-curvature (paper) surfaces behave near creases and apices of cones. These entities are natural generalizations of the edges and vertices of piecewise-planar surfaces. Consequently, paper surfaces may furnish a richer and yet still tractable class of surfaces for computer-aided design and computer graphics applications than do polyhedral surfaces.