LLukas22/scidocs huggingface dataset:
Intervenção fonoaudiológica em recém-nascido pré-termo: estimulação oromotora e sucção não-nutritiva

Background: Preterm Newborns speech therapy with the use of oromotor stimulation and nonnutritive sucking. Procedures: two Twin Newborns took part in this speech therapy with corrected gestational age of 35 weeks and 2/7 days. The clinical speech assessment was performed in order to check the premature readiness for the beginning of oral feeding and the efficiency of oral feeding by some relations such as the accepted volume by the total prescribed volume and the accepted volume by the time of the diet acceptance. Later on we picked up the technique that each newborn would receive. The First newborn got the oromotor stimulation and the second newborn has got the nonnutritive sucking technique. They went 10 (ten) sessions each and have been revaluated. Results: after the stimulation procedures both newborns showed improvement in their oral reflexes and pattern of non-nutritive sucking and also improved the use of oral diet. Conclusion: both Newborns were benefitted from the speech therapy.
Acute and additive toxicity of ten photosystem-II herbicides to seagrass

Photosystem II herbicides are transported to inshore marine waters, including those of the Great Barrier Reef, and are usually detected in complex mixtures. These herbicides inhibit photosynthesis, which can deplete energy reserves and reduce growth in seagrass, but the toxicity of some of these herbicides to seagrass is unknown and combined effects of multiple herbicides on seagrass has not been tested. Here we assessed the acute phytotoxicity of 10 PSII herbicides to the seagrass Halophila ovalis over 24 and/or 48 h. Individual herbicides exhibited a broad range of toxicities with inhibition of photosynthetic activity (∆F/F(m)') by 50% at concentrations ranging from 3.5 μg l(-1) (ametryn) to 132 μg l(-1) (fluometuron). We assessed potential additivity using the Concentration Addition model of joint action for binary mixtures of diuron and atrazine as well as complex mixtures of all 10 herbicides. The effects of both mixture types were largely additive, validating the application of additive effects models for calculating the risk posed by multiple PSII herbicides to seagrasses. This study extends seagrass ecotoxicological data to ametryn, metribuzin, bromacil, prometryn and fluometuron and demonstrates that low concentrations of PSII herbicide mixtures have the potential to impact ecologically relevant endpoints in seagrass, including ∆F/F(m)'.
Multiple benefits of legumes for agriculture sustainability: an overview

Food security, lowering the risk of climate change and meeting the increasing demand for energy will increasingly be critical challenges in the years to come. Producing sustainably is therefore becoming central in agriculture and food systems. Legume crops could play an important role in this context by delivering multiple services in line with sustainability principles. In addition to serving as fundamental, worldwide source of high-quality food and feed, legumes contribute to reduce the emission of greenhouse gases, as they release 5–7 times less GHG per unit area compared with other crops; allow the sequestration of carbon in soils with values estimated from 7.21 g kg−1 DM, 23.6 versus 21.8 g C kg−1 year; and induce a saving of fossil energy inputs in the system thanks to N fertilizer reduction, corresponding to 277 kg ha−1 of CO2 per year. Legumes could also be competitive crops and, due to their environmental and socioeconomic benefits, could be introduced in modern cropping systems to increase crop diversity and reduce use of external inputs. They also perform well in conservation systems, intercropping systems, which are very important in developing countries as well as in low-input and low-yield farming systems. Legumes fix the atmospheric nitrogen, release in the soil high-quality organic matter and facilitate soil nutrients’ circulation and water retention. Based on these multiple functions, legume crops have high potential for conservation agriculture, being functional either as growing crop or as crop residue. Graphical abstract .
Microstructure evolution and shear strength of Sn-3.5Ag-RE lead-free BGA solder balls

The interfacial microstructure evolution and ball shear strength of Sn-3.5Ag and Sn-3.5Ag-0.5RE (in wt%) solders alloys attached on Au/Ni ball grid array (BGA) metallization pad were investigated after thermal aging at 150/spl deg/C up to 1000 hr. In the as-reflowed Sn-3.5Ag solder, acicular AuSn/sub 4/ and platelet Ag/sub 3/Sn intermetallic compounds (IMCs) were randomly distributed in the /spl beta/-Sn matrix. However, the sizes of /spl beta/-Sn grains and Ag/sub 3/Sn IMCs were decreased by the addition of 0.5 wt% of rare earth (RE) elements. RE-bearing phase was also observed near the interface. At the interface, a Ni-Sn intermetallic layer (IML), Ni/sub 3/Sn/sub 4/, was formed in both as-reflowed Sn-3.5Ag and Sn-3.5Ag-0.5RE solders. With thermal aging, large platelet (Au,Ni)Sn/sub 4/ phases were found inside the solder ball and close to the interface in both solders. The IML was grown slightly upon aging. The ball shear strengths of Sn-3.5Ag-0.5RE were higher than those of Sn-3.5Ag in the whole thermal aging duration. An enhancement of the as-reflowed shear strength by adding RE elements was attributable to the microstructure refinement. The solders with RE elements added also had relatively higher and more stable ball shear strength than those of the Pb-bearing solders upon aging. The fracture mode of the Sn-3.5Ag and Sn-3.5Ag-0.5RE solders was completely ductile with failure occurred inside the bulk solder. The RE elements also had an effect on the morphology of the Ni/sub 3/Sn/sub 4/ IMC.
Calcium signaling in response to fluid flow by chondrocytes in 3D alginate culture.

Quantifying the effects of mechanical loading on the metabolic response of chondrocytes is difficult due to complicated structure of cartilage ECM and the coupled nature of the mechanical stimuli presented to the cells. In this study we describe the effects of fluid flow, particularly hydrostatic pressure and wall shear stress, on the Ca(2+) signaling response of bovine articular chondrocytes in 3D culture. Using well-established alginate hydrogel system to maintain spherical chondrocyte morphology, we altered solid volume fraction to change scaffold mechanics. Fluid velocities in the bulk of the scaffolds were directly measured via an optical technique and scaffold permeability and aggregate modulus was characterized to quantify the mechanical stimuli presented to cells. Ca(2+) signaling response to direct perfusion of chondrocyte-seeded scaffolds increased monotonically with flow rate and was found more directly dependent on fluid velocity rather than shear stress or hydrostatic pressure. Chondrocytes in alginate scaffolds responded to fluid flow at velocities and shear stresses 2-3 orders of magnitude lower than seen in previous monolayer studies. Our data suggest that flow-induced Ca(2+) signaling response of chondrocytes in alginate culture may be due to mechanical signaling pathways, which is influenced by the 3D nature of cell shape.
Antibiotics in the clinical pipeline in 2013

The continued emergence of multi-drug-resistant bacteria is a major public health concern. The identification and development of new antibiotics, especially those with new modes of action, is imperative to help treat these infections. This review lists the 22 new antibiotics launched since 2000 and details the two first-in-class antibiotics, fidaxomicin (1) and bedaquiline (2), launched in 2011 and 2012, respectively. The development status, mode of action, spectra of activity, historical discovery and origin of the drug pharmacophore (natural product, natural product derived, synthetic or protein/mammalian peptide) of the 49 compounds and 6 β-lactamase/β-lactam combinations in active clinical development are discussed, as well as compounds that have been discontinued from clinical development since 2011. New antibacterial pharmacophore templates are also reviewed and analyzed.
On credibility of simulation studies of telecommunication networks

In telecommunicationnetworks,asin many otherareasof scienceandengineering,proliferation of computersasresearchtools hasresultedin the adoptionof computersimulationasthe most commonlyusedparadigmof scientific investigations.This, togetherwith a plethoraof existing simulationlanguagesandpackages,hascreateda popularopinion that simulationis mainly an exercisein computerprogramming.In new computingenvironments,programmingcanbeminimised,or evenfully replaced,by themanipulationof icons(representingpre-built programming objectscontainingbasicfunctionalblocksof simulatedsystems)on a computermonitor. Onecan saythatwe have witnessedanothersuccessof modernscienceandtechnology:theemergenceof wonderfulandpowerful toolsfor exploringandpredictingthebehaviour of suchcomplex, stochastic dynamicsystemsastelecommunicationetworks. But this enthusiasmis not sharedby all researchersin this area. An opinion is spreading thatonecannotrely on themajority of thepublishedresultson performanceevaluationstudiesof telecommunicationnetworks basedon stochasticsimulation,sincethey lack credibility. Indeed, thespreadof this phenomenonis sowide thatonecanspeakabouta deepcrisisof credibility. In this paper , this claim is supportedby theresultsof asurvey of over2200publicationson telecommunicationnetworksin recentproceedingsof theIEEEINFOCOMandsuchjournalsastheIEEE Transactionson Communications,the IEEE/ACM Transactionson Networking, andthe PerformanceEvaluationJournal. Thiswork waspartiallysupportedby theUniversityof Canterbury’sGrantno. U6301 Status:a revisionof thepapersubmittedto theIEEECommunicationsMagazinein April 2000 Credibility of simulationstudies 2 Our discussionfocuseson two importantnecessaryconditionsof a crediblesimulationstudy: useof appropriatepseudo-randomgeneratorsof independent uniformly distributednumbers,and appropriateanalysisof simulationoutput data. Having consideredtheir perils and pitfalls, we formulateguidelinesthat,if observed,couldhelpto assureabasiclevel of credibility of simulation studiesof telecommunicationetworks.
A Passive Circulator with High Isolation using a Directional Coupler for RFID

In radio-frequency identification (RFID) system, a directional coupler has been used to isolate RX from TX due to its simplicity and low cost compared with a circulator. Nevertheless, a conventional microstrip directional coupler has inherent drawback of poor isolation due to unequal phase velocity between even and odd mode. In this paper, a newly proposed circulator using a microstrip directional coupler is proposed to achieve good isolation between TX and RX. The proposed circulator is used for UHF band RFID reader with a single antenna, of which the operating frequency band is 860 MHz-960 MHz. The measurement of the fabricated circulator using a modified directional coupler exhibits excellent isolation of 64 dB and directivity of 49 dB in its frequency band. The validity of the proposed circulator is demonstrated by comparing the TX leakage at the RX port of RFID reader system with that of a conventional directional coupler
Smart Shelfie -- Internet of Shelves: For Higher On-Shelf Availability

Out of stock is a great concern for Consumer Packaged Goods (CPG) and Retail organizations [1]. They lose billions of dollars every year. If items of interest are not available on the shelves, 31% customers buy from somewhere else and 26% buy a different brand [2]. This paper describes how the racks / shelves at a retail store can be made smarter such that they can raise alerts to replenish themselves. Smart alerts to workers in retail shop can avoid manual checks and alerts to CPG companies can expedite replenishment if retailers do not maintain the right quantity or replenishes within Service Level Agreement (SLA). While load sensors have been the most common practice [3][4], it has not succeeded as anything else on the shelves still meant 'available'. This leaves us with a challenge to track not only the quantity but also the right brand, right variant in the right position with right visibility to shoppers on the right shelf. Internet of Things can help make this thing (shelves) smarter to required extent. We have enabled shelves to take its own selfie using a simple camera and then the image processing algorithms take over to do required analytics and raise alerts with the right person. This solution scores higher over other hardware and capital intensive IoT solutions being worked upon. The paper describes in detail about the work done by our team and the impressive results achieved. The solution can be implemented using a commonly available device like a smartphone camera or even the camera in retail shops can be put to use for real time or more frequent checks.
Cements and adhesives for all-ceramic restorations.

Dental cements are designed to retain restorations, prefabricated or cast posts and cores, and appliances in a stable, and long-lasting position in the oral environment. Resin-based cements were developed to overcome drawbacks of nonresinous materials, including low strength, high solubility, and opacity. Successful cementation of esthetic restorations depends on appropriate treatment to the tooth substrate and intaglio surface of the restoration, which in turn, depends on the ceramic characteristics. A reliable resin cementation procedure can only be achieved if the operator is aware of the mechanisms involved to perform the cementation and material properties. This article addresses current knowledge of resin cementation concepts, exploring the bonding mechanisms that influence long-term clinical success of all-ceramic systems.
Upper cervical and upper thoracic thrust manipulation versus nonthrust mobilization in patients with mechanical neck pain: a multicenter randomized clinical trial.

STUDY DESIGN
Randomized clinical trial.


OBJECTIVE
To compare the short-term effects of upper cervical and upper thoracic high-velocity low-amplitude (HVLA) thrust manipulation to nonthrust mobilization in patients with neck pain.


BACKGROUND
Although upper cervical and upper thoracic HVLA thrust manipulation and nonthrust mobilization are common interventions for the management of neck pain, no studies have directly compared the effects of both upper cervical and upper thoracic HVLA thrust manipulation to nonthrust mobilization in patients with neck pain.


METHODS
Patients completed the Neck Disability Index, the numeric pain rating scale, the flexion-rotation test for measurement of C1-2 passive rotation range of motion, and the craniocervical flexion test for measurement of deep cervical flexor motor performance. Following the baseline evaluation, patients were randomized to receive either HVLA thrust manipulation or nonthrust mobilization to the upper cervical (C1-2) and upper thoracic (T1-2) spines. Patients were reexamined 48-hours after the initial examination and again completed the outcome measures. The effects of treatment on disability, pain, C1-2 passive rotation range of motion, and motor performance of the deep cervical flexors were examined with a 2-by-2 mixed-model analysis of variance (ANOVA).


RESULTS
One hundred seven patients satisfied the eligibility criteria, agreed to participate, and were randomized into the HVLA thrust manipulation (n = 56) and nonthrust mobilization (n = 51) groups. The 2-by-2 ANOVA demonstrated that patients with mechanical neck pain who received the combination of upper cervical and upper thoracic HVLA thrust manipulation experienced significantly (P<.001) greater reductions in disability (50.5%) and pain (58.5%) than those of the nonthrust mobilization group (12.8% and 12.6%, respectively) following treatment. In addition, the HVLA thrust manipulation group had significantly (P<.001) greater improvement in both passive C1-2 rotation range of motion and motor performance of the deep cervical flexor muscles as compared to the group that received nonthrust mobilization. The number needed to treat to avoid an unsuccessful outcome was 1.8 and 2.3 at 48-hour follow-up, using the global rating of change and Neck Disability Index cut scores, respectively.


CONCLUSION
The combination of upper cervical and upper thoracic HVLA thrust manipulation is appreciably more effective in the short term than nonthrust mobilization in patients with mechanical neck pain.


LEVEL OF EVIDENCE
Therapy, level 1b.
Updating the parameters of a threshold scheme by minimal broadcast

Threshold schemes allow secret data to be protected among a set of participants in such a way that only a prespecified threshold of participants can reconstruct the secret from private information (shares) distributed to them on a system setup using secure channels. We consider the general problem of designing unconditionally secure threshold schemes whose defining parameters (the threshold and the number of participants) can later be changed by using only public channel broadcast messages. In this paper, we are interested in the efficiency of such threshold schemes, and seek to minimize storage costs (size of shares) as well as optimize performance in low-bandwidth environments by minimizing the size of necessary broadcast messages. We prove a number of lower bounds on the smallest size of broadcast message necessary to make general changes to the parameters of a threshold scheme in which each participant already holds shares of minimal size. We establish the tightness of these bounds by demonstrating optimal schemes.
The 4S Web-Marketing Mix model

This paper reviews the criticism on the 4Ps Marketing Mix framework, the most popular tool of traditional marketing management, and categorizes the main objections of using the model as the foundation of physical marketing. It argues that applying the traditional approach, based on the 4Ps paradigm, is also a poor choice in the case of virtual marketing and identifies two main limitations of the framework in online environments: the drastically diminished role of the Ps and the lack of any strategic elements in the model. Next to identifying the critical factors of the Web marketing, the paper argues that the basis for successful E-Commerce is the full integration of the virtual activities into the company’s physical strategy, marketing plan and organisational processes. The four S elements of the Web-Marketing Mix framework present a sound and functional conceptual basis for designing, developing and commercialising Business-to-Consumer online projects. The model was originally developed for educational purposes and has been tested and refined by means of field projects; two of them are presented as case studies in the paper.  2002 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.
Maternal prepregnancy obesity and insulin treatment during pregnancy are independently associated with delayed lactogenesis in women with recent gestational diabetes mellitus.

BACKGROUND
The timely onset of stage II lactogenesis (OL) is important for successful breastfeeding and newborn health. Several risk factors for delayed OL are common in women with a history of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM), which may affect their chances for successful breastfeeding outcomes.


OBJECTIVE
We investigated the prevalence and risk factors associated with delayed OL in a racially and ethnically diverse cohort of postpartum women with recent GDM.


DESIGN
We analyzed data collected in the Study of Women, Infant Feeding and Type 2 Diabetes After GDM Pregnancy (SWIFT), which is a prospective cohort of women diagnosed with GDM who delivered at Kaiser Permanente Northern California hospitals from 2008 to 2011. At 6-9 wk postpartum, delayed OL was assessed by maternal report of breast fullness and defined as occurring after 72 h postpartum. We obtained data on prenatal course and postdelivery infant feeding practices from electronic medical records and in-person surveys. We used multivariable logistic regression models to estimate associations of delayed OL with prenatal, delivery, and postnatal characteristics.


RESULTS
The analysis included 883 SWIFT participants who initiated breastfeeding and did not have diabetes at 6-9 wk postpartum. Delayed OL was reported by 33% of women and was associated with prepregnancy obesity (OR: 1.56; 95% CI: 1.07, 2.29), older maternal age (OR: 1.05; 95% CI: 1.01, 1.08), insulin GDM treatment (OR: 3.11; 95% CI: 1.37, 7.05), and suboptimal in-hospital breastfeeding (OR: 1.65; 95% CI: 1.20, 2.26). A higher gestational age was associated with decreased odds of delayed OL but only in multiparous mothers (OR: 0.79; 95% CI: 0.67, 0.94).


CONCLUSIONS
One-third of women with recent GDM experienced delayed OL. Maternal obesity, insulin treatment, and suboptimal in-hospital breastfeeding were key risk factors for delayed OL. Early breastfeeding support for GDM women with these risk factors may be needed to ensure successful lactation. This trial was registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT01967030.
Designing for Flexible Interaction Between Humans and Automation: Delegation Interfaces for Supervisory Control

OBJECTIVE
To develop a method enabling human-like, flexible supervisory control via delegation to automation.


BACKGROUND
Real-time supervisory relationships with automation are rarely as flexible as human task delegation to other humans. Flexibility in human-adaptable automation can provide important benefits, including improved situation awareness, more accurate automation usage, more balanced mental workload, increased user acceptance, and improved overall performance.


METHOD
We review problems with static and adaptive (as opposed to "adaptable") automation; contrast these approaches with human-human task delegation, which can mitigate many of the problems; and revise the concept of a "level of automation" as a pattern of task-based roles and authorizations. We argue that delegation requires a shared hierarchical task model between supervisor and subordinates, used to delegate tasks at various levels, and offer instruction on performing them. A prototype implementation called Playbook is described.


RESULTS
On the basis of these analyses, we propose methods for supporting human-machine delegation interactions that parallel human-human delegation in important respects. We develop an architecture for machine-based delegation systems based on the metaphor of a sports team's "playbook." Finally, we describe a prototype implementation of this architecture, with an accompanying user interface and usage scenario, for mission planning for uninhabited air vehicles.


CONCLUSION
Delegation offers a viable method for flexible, multilevel human-automation interaction to enhance system performance while maintaining user workload at a manageable level.


APPLICATION
Most applications of adaptive automation (aviation, air traffic control, robotics, process control, etc.) are potential avenues for the adaptable, delegation approach we advocate. We present an extended example for uninhabited air vehicle mission planning.
Using Clustering Algorithms in Legacy Systems Remodularization

Incited by the observation that cluster analysis and the remodularization of software systems solve similar problems, we have done research in both these areas in order to provide theoretical background for the application of cluster analysis in systems remodularization. In this article we present an overview of cluster analysis and of systems remodularization. It appears that system remodularization techniques often either reinvent clustering techniques or could be augmented by them. We also give directions for further research. note: The author was sponsored by bank ABN AMRO, software house DPFinance, and the Dutch Ministry of Economical Affairs via the Senter Project #ITU95017 “SOS Re-