LLukas22/scidocs huggingface dataset:
First experiences for pulmonary vein isolation with the high-density mesh ablator (HDMA): a novel mesh electrode catheter for both mapping and radiofrequency delivery in a single unit.

BACKGROUND
Interventional therapy of atrial fibrillation (AF) is often associated with long examination and fluoroscopy times. The use of mapping catheters in addition to the ablation catheter requires multiple transseptal sheaths for left atrial access.


OBJECTIVES
The purpose of this prospective study was to evaluate feasibility and safety of pulmonary vein (PV) isolation using the high-density mesh ablator (HDMA), a novel single, expandable electrode catheter for both mapping and radiofrequency (RF) delivery at the left atrium/PV junctions.


METHODS
Twenty-six patients with highly symptomatic paroxysmal AF (14, 53.8%) and persistent AF (12, 46.2%) were studied. Segmental PV isolation via the HDMA was performed using a customized pulsed RF energy delivery program (target temperature 55-60 degrees C, power 70-100 W, 600-900 seconds RF application time/PV).


RESULTS
All 104 PVs in 26 patients could be ablated by the HDMA. Segmental PV isolation was achieved with a mean of 3.25 +/- 1.4 RF applications for a mean of 603 +/- 185 seconds. Entrance conduction block was obtained in 94.2% of all PV. The mean total procedure and fluoroscopy time was 159.0 +/- 32 minutes and 33.5 +/- 8.6 minutes, respectively. None of the patients experienced severe acute complications. After 3 months no PV stenosis was observed, and 85.6% and 41.6% of the patients with PAF and persistent AF, respectively, did not report symptomatic AF.


CONCLUSIONS
In this first study of PV isolation using the HDMA, our findings suggest that this method is safe and yields good primary success rates. The HDMA simplifies AF ablation, favorably impacting procedure and fluoroscopy times.
On the Issue of Material Non-Monetary Work Incentives

The documents of the Twenty-sixth Congress of the CPSU repeatedly emphasized the need to make better use of material and moral incentives in order to play a more effective role in increasing the efficiency of production and labor productivity. In a report published to mark the 165th anniversary of the birth and 100th anniversary of the death of Karl Marx, Iu. V. Andropov noted that: "We have been employing a system of material and moral incentives for a long time. This system has served us well in the past in our struggle to achieve socialism and communism. However, today both the system itself and its forms and practices require further improvement."1
Implicit bias in healthcare professionals: a systematic review

BACKGROUND
Implicit biases involve associations outside conscious awareness that lead to a negative evaluation of a person on the basis of irrelevant characteristics such as race or gender. This review examines the evidence that healthcare professionals display implicit biases towards patients.


METHODS
PubMed, PsychINFO, PsychARTICLE and CINAHL were searched for peer-reviewed articles published between 1st March 2003 and 31st March 2013. Two reviewers assessed the eligibility of the identified papers based on precise content and quality criteria. The references of eligible papers were examined to identify further eligible studies.


RESULTS
Forty two articles were identified as eligible. Seventeen used an implicit measure (Implicit Association Test in fifteen and subliminal priming in two), to test the biases of healthcare professionals. Twenty five articles employed a between-subjects design, using vignettes to examine the influence of patient characteristics on healthcare professionals' attitudes, diagnoses, and treatment decisions. The second method was included although it does not isolate implicit attitudes because it is recognised by psychologists who specialise in implicit cognition as a way of detecting the possible presence of implicit bias. Twenty seven studies examined racial/ethnic biases; ten other biases were investigated, including gender, age and weight. Thirty five articles found evidence of implicit bias in healthcare professionals; all the studies that investigated correlations found a significant positive relationship between level of implicit bias and lower quality of care.


DISCUSSION
The evidence indicates that healthcare professionals exhibit the same levels of implicit bias as the wider population. The interactions between multiple patient characteristics and between healthcare professional and patient characteristics reveal the complexity of the phenomenon of implicit bias and its influence on clinician-patient interaction. The most convincing studies from our review are those that combine the IAT and a method measuring the quality of treatment in the actual world. Correlational evidence indicates that biases are likely to influence diagnosis and treatment decisions and levels of care in some circumstances and need to be further investigated. Our review also indicates that there may sometimes be a gap between the norm of impartiality and the extent to which it is embraced by healthcare professionals for some of the tested characteristics.


CONCLUSIONS
Our findings highlight the need for the healthcare profession to address the role of implicit biases in disparities in healthcare. More research in actual care settings and a greater homogeneity in methods employed to test implicit biases in healthcare is needed.
How Do Happy Leaders Enhance Team Success ?

Extending previous research regarding the relationship between leader positive moods and team performance, the present study examined 2 mediating mechanisms that explain the leader positive moods–team performance linkage: transformational leadership, and positive group affective tone. Data were collected from 85 sales teams (85 team leaders, 365 team members). Structural equation modeling analyses were performed to test the hypotheses. The results showed that leader positive moods not only directly enhanced team performance, but also indirectly led to improved team performance through the explicit mediating process (i.e., transformational leadership) and the implicit mediating process (i.e., positive group affective tone). Theoretical and practical implications are discussed.jasp_767 1421..1454
Evolution of the Kidney

The excretory system regulates the chemical composition of body fluids by removing metabolic wastes and retaining the proper amount of water, salts and nutrients. The invertebrate excretory structures are classified in according to their marked variations in the morphological structures into three types included contractile vacuoles in protozoa, nephridia (flame cell system) in most invertebrate animals and Malpighian tubules (arthropod kidney) in insects [2]. There are three distinct excretory organs formed in succession during the development of the vertebrate kidney, they are called pronephros, mesonephros and metanephros. The pronephros is the most primitive one and exists as a functional kidney only in some of the lowest fishes and is called the archinephros. The mesonephros represents the functional excretory organs in anamniotes and called as opisthonephros. The metanephros is the most caudally located of the excretory organs and the last to appear, it represents the functional kidney in amniotes [2-4].
A statistical framework for genomic data fusion

MOTIVATION
During the past decade, the new focus on genomics has highlighted a particular challenge: to integrate the different views of the genome that are provided by various types of experimental data.


RESULTS
This paper describes a computational framework for integrating and drawing inferences from a collection of genome-wide measurements. Each dataset is represented via a kernel function, which defines generalized similarity relationships between pairs of entities, such as genes or proteins. The kernel representation is both flexible and efficient, and can be applied to many different types of data. Furthermore, kernel functions derived from different types of data can be combined in a straightforward fashion. Recent advances in the theory of kernel methods have provided efficient algorithms to perform such combinations in a way that minimizes a statistical loss function. These methods exploit semidefinite programming techniques to reduce the problem of finding optimizing kernel combinations to a convex optimization problem. Computational experiments performed using yeast genome-wide datasets, including amino acid sequences, hydropathy profiles, gene expression data and known protein-protein interactions, demonstrate the utility of this approach. A statistical learning algorithm trained from all of these data to recognize particular classes of proteins--membrane proteins and ribosomal proteins--performs significantly better than the same algorithm trained on any single type of data.


AVAILABILITY
Supplementary data at http://noble.gs.washington.edu/proj/sdp-svm
Joint Bayesian removal of impulse and background noise

We present a method for the removal of noise including non-Gaussian impulses from a signal. Impulse noise is removed jointly a homogenous Gaussian noise floor using a Gabor regression model [1]. The problem is formulated in a joint Bayesian framework and we use a Gibbs MCMC sampler to estimate parameters. We show how to deal with variable magnitude impulses using a shifted inverse gamma distribution for their variance. Our results show improved signal to noise ratios and perceived audio quality by explicitly modelling impulses with a discrete switching process and a new heavy-tailed amplitude model.
MicroRNAs in β-Cell Biology, Insulin Resistance, Diabetes and Its Complications

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small 19–23 nucleotide RNA molecules that act as regulators of protein expression in eukaryotic cells by inducing the translational arrest and degradation of messenger RNAs (1). They are potent drivers of differentiation and development (1), and their dysregulation has been linked to many diseases. Here, we present an overview of the known and proposed roles and effects of miRNAs in type 1 and type 2 diabetes (T1D and T2D), focusing on b-cell biology, insulin resistance, and diabetes complications. Specifically, we discuss miRNAs in b-cell biology, altered expression of miRNAs in adipose tissue in response to obesity, and miRNA dysfunction in organs and tissues that may be affected in later stages of the disease. Additionally, we propose a set of research directions that may yield novel diagnostic and therapeutic approaches for this chronic illness. T2D is characterized by hyperglycemia resultant from impaired insulin secretion and/or impaired insulin action in peripheral tissues (2). T2D constitutes one of the greatest pandemics of our time, with 220 million people currently diagnosed (3), and 366 million people expected to be affected by 2030 (4). A number of lines of evidence support a key role for pancreatic b-cell dysfunction in T2D (in addition to T1D), in which it is the major pathology. For example, recent genome-wide association studies have strongly implicated genes involved in insulin secretion as etiological factors in the development of T2D (5). A role for miRNAs in T2D was first established in 2004 by Poy et al. (6) who showed that miR-375 is directly involved in the regulation of insulin secretion. This study was one of the first to demonstrate that a miRNA could be tightly linked to a disease phenotype. In recent years, dozens of additional miRNAs have been identified as components of pathways triggered by, or contributing to, the pathology of both T1D and T2D (Table 1). Because of the multifactorial and polysystemic nature of this disease and the increased interest in miRNAs, it seems likely that many more miRNAs, and perhaps other small regulatory RNA species, will be identified as factors in diabetes. This will undoubtedly lead to a greater understanding of the genetic basis of the disease and provide novel diagnostic, prognostic, and treatment alternatives. miRNAS IN b-CELL BIOLOGY
GraphZ: Improving the Performance of Large-Scale Graph Analytics on Small-Scale Machines

Abstract Recent programming frameworks enable small computing systems to achieve high performance on large-scale graph analytics by supporting out-of-core graph analytics (i.e., processing graphs that exceed main memory capacity). These frameworks make out-of-core programming easy by automating the tedious process of scheduling data transfer between memory and disk. This paper presents two innovations that improve the performance of software frameworks for out-of-core graph analytics. The first is degree-ordered storage, a new storage format that dramatically lowers book-keeping overhead when graphs are larger than memory. The second innovation replaces existing static messages with novel ordered dynamic messages which update their destination immediately, reducing both the memory required for intermediate storage and IO pressure. We implement these innovations in a framework called GraphZ—which we release as open source—and we compare its performance to two state-of-the-art out-of-core graph frameworks. For graphs that exceed memory size, GraphZ's harmonic mean performance improvements are 1.8–8.3× over existing solutions.
Effect of CPAP on Cardiac Function in Minimally Symptomatic Patients with OSA: Results from a Subset of the MOSAIC Randomized Trial.

STUDY OBJECTIVES
Minimally symptomatic obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is highly prevalent, and the effects of continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) on myocardial function in these patients are unknown. The MOSAIC randomized, controlled trial of CPAP for minimally symptomatic OSA assessed the effect of CPAP on myocardial function in a subset of patients.


METHODS
Two centers taking part in the MOSAIC trial randomized 238 patients in parallel to 6 months of CPAP (120) or standard care (118). Of these, 168 patients had echocardiograms, and 68 patients had a cardiac magnetic resonance scan (CMR). A larger group (314) from 4 centers had brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) measured.


RESULTS
Mean (SD) baseline oxygen desaturation index (ODI) and Epworth sleepiness score (ESS) were 13.5 (13.2), and 8.4 (4.0), respectively. CPAP significantly reduced ESS and ODI. Baseline LV ejection fraction (LVEF) was well preserved (60.4%). CPAP had no significant effect on echo-derived left atrial (LA) area (-1.0 cm2, 95% CI -2.6 to +0.6, p = 0.23) or early to late left ventricular filling velocity (E/A) ratio (-0.01, 95% CI -0.07 to +0.05, p = 0.79). There was a small change in echo-derived LV end diastolic volume (EDV) with CPAP (-5.9 mL, 95% CI -10.6 to -1.2, p = 0.015). No significant changes were detected by CMR on LV mass index (+1.1 g/m(2), 95% CI -5.9 to +8.0, p = 0.76) or LVEF (+0.8%, 95% CI -1.2 to +2.8, p = 0.41). CPAP did not affect BNP levels (p = 0.16).


CONCLUSIONS
Six months of CPAP therapy does not change cardiac functional or structural parameters measured by echocardiogram or CMR in patients with minimally symptomatic mild-to-moderate OSA.


CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION
ISRCTN 34164388 (http://isrctn.org).
First evidence of deuterotokous parthenogenesis in the tomato leafminer, Tuta absoluta (Meyrick) (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae)

The tomato leafminer, Tuta absoluta (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae), originates from South America and is now considered to be one of the most damaging invasive pests of tomatoes in the Mediterranean Basin countries of Europe and North Africa. The preventing pest mating control methods include: (1) the use of synthetic pheromones for male attraction and annihilation inside insecticide-containing traps; (2) mating disruption by saturating the atmosphere with sex pheromones which alter the ability of males to locate females; and (3) massive applications of sterile males to alter the overall reproductive success of the pest population. However, all these methods achieve only a poor success rate in controlling T. absoluta populations under greenhouse conditions. Sex pheromone management and sterile insect techniques are both based on an important biological trait: the insect must breed through sexual reproduction. Here, we report for the first time laboratory evidence of deuterotokous parthenogenesis, an asexual reproduction where both males and females are produced from unfertilized eggs. We discuss the consequences for T. absoluta control strategies.
Sclerosing rhabdomyosarcoma presenting in the masseter muscle: a case report

UNLABELLED
Sclerosing rhabdomyosarcoma (SRMS) is exceedingly rare, and may cause a great diagnostic confusion. Histologically, it is characterized by abundant extracellular hyalinized matrix mimicking primitive chondroid or osteoid tissue. So, it may be easily misdiagnosed as chondrosarcoma, osteosarcoma, angiosarcoma and so on. Herein, we report a case of SRMS occurring in the masseter muscle in a 40-year-old male. The tumor showed a diverse histological pattern. The tumor cells were arranged into nests, cords, pseudovascular, adenoid, microalveoli and even single-file arrays. Immunostaining showed that the tumor was positive for the Vimentin, Desmin and MyoD1, and was negative for CK, P63, NSE, CD45, CD30, S-100, CD99, Myoglobin, CD68, CD34, CD31, and α-SMA. Based on the morphological finding and immunostaining, it was diagnosed as a SRMS. In addition, focally, our case also displayed a cribriform pattern resembling adenoid cystic carcinoma. This may represent a new histological feature which can broaden the histological spectrum of this tumor and also may lead to diagnostic confusion.


VIRTUAL SLIDES
The virtual slide(s) for this article can be found here: http://www.diagnosticpathology.diagnomx.eu/vs/1615846455818924.
Synthesis, processing and characterization of FeMnGa nanoparticles for permanent magnet applications

Abstract In recent years, there is a great demand in materials suitable for permanent magnets which led to shortages in the supply of rare earth elements, a basic ingredient of high performance magnets. Research for rare earth free magnetic materials is considered as a viable alternative. Various Heusler alloys are investigated as possible candidates. Among them, the binary compound Mn X Ga has gained interest. A method of improving the magnetic properties of intermetallic compounds is the introduction of a magnetic atom like Fe in replacement of a 3d metal, in our case, by replacing a quantity of Mn with Fe. In this study Mn 0.4 Fe 0.3 Ga 0.3 alloys were prepared in a high purity Ar atmosphere with the arc-melting technique followed by melt-spinning in order to get nanostructured ribbons. The samples were further treated (annealing, ball milling) in order to tune the microstructure and obtain single phase samples with optimum magnetic properties. Magnetization measurements were performed by using a Vibrating Sample Magnetometer (VSM), versus temperature and field. The structure of the samples was observed with the X-Ray Diffraction Patterns (XRD). The L1 2 structure was observed for the first time, among the other ones D0 19 and L2 1 which are already observed in Mn 3 Ga studies. A deeper observation was performed with a Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM). Saturation magnetization of the basic material was measured at 81.4 Am 2 /kg while remanence and coercive field were low. The effect of the grain size on the magnetic properties, due to ball milling, is presented.
Phenomena and mechanism of electric charges on spacers in gas insulated switchgears

The phenomenon of accumulated charges on solid insulator surfaces is one of the critical parameters to consider at the insulation design stage, for AC electric power equipment as well as for DC equipment, so it is important to investigate the characteristics and predominant factors underlying various charging mechanisms. Several researches related to this theme have been reported, but independently, and cross-sectional comparison and evaluation from a unified viewpoint are meaningful. In this paper, the resistance of solid insulator is first discussed, showing that the resistances found by diverse measurements are in a fairly good agreement under similar conditions of the temperature and electric field. Next, three kinds of electric charging mechanisms, i.e. volume conduction, surface conduction and electric field emission are characterized in terms of the time constant, applied voltage and charge distribution. Then, eight cases of recent measurements on the charging time are investigated and their charging mechanisms are classified. Electric field emissions are likely to occur with model spacers made in routine GIS manufacturing process at the electric field level used. Further, three examples in cases with metallic particles are introduced, of simulating charge from edge on the tank, spacer surface charging phenomena, and influence of charge on spacer surface flashover. It is expected that this paper wilt be helpful for understanding charging phenomena e.g. on insulation spacers in gas insulated switchgears
The costs of type 2 diabetes mellitus outpatient care in the Brazilian public health system.

OBJECTIVE
The prevalence of type 2 diabetes has shown a significant increase in parallel with health care costs. The objective of the Brazilian Study on Diabetes Costs (ESCUDI study) was to estimate direct and indirect costs of type 2 diabetes outpatient care in the Brazilian Public Health Care System.


METHODS
Data were collected from different levels of health care in eight Brazilian cities in 2007. A total of 1000 outpatients were interviewed and had their medical records data analyzed. Direct medical costs included expenses with medications, diagnostic tests, procedures, blood glucose test strips, and office visits. Nonmedical direct costs included expenses with diet products, transportation, and caregivers. Absenteeism, sick leave, and early retirement were classified as indirect costs.


RESULTS
Total annual cost for outpatient care was US$2108 per patient, out of which US$1335 per patient of direct costs (63.3%) and US$773 per patient of indirect costs (36.7%). Costs escalated as duration of diabetes and level of health care increased. Patients with both microvascular and macrovascular complications had higher costs (US$3199 per patient) compared to those with either microvascular (US$2062 per patient) or macrovascular (US$2517 per patient) complications only. The greatest portion of direct costs was attributed to medication (48.2%).


CONCLUSIONS
Diabetes treatment leads to elevated costs both to Brazilian Public Health Care System and society. Costs increased along with duration of disease, level of care and presence of chronic complications, which suggested a need to reallocate health resources focusing on primary prevention of diabetes and its complications.