LLukas22/scidocs huggingface dataset:
Impacts of the South-to-north Water Transfer Project on Ecological Environment

This paper summarizes the benefits of economy and society and the benefits of the ecological environment of the South-to-north Water Transfer Project,and the con-infections of the ecological environment the of the South-to-north Water Transfer Project linking of the characteristics of the water in China.
Cisplatin Induces a Mitochondrial-ROS Response That Contributes to Cytotoxicity Depending on Mitochondrial Redox Status and Bioenergetic Functions

Cisplatin is one of the most effective and widely used anticancer agents for the treatment of several types of tumors. The cytotoxic effect of cisplatin is thought to be mediated primarily by the generation of nuclear DNA adducts, which, if not repaired, cause cell death as a consequence of DNA replication and transcription blockage. However, the ability of cisplatin to induce nuclear DNA (nDNA) damage per se is not sufficient to explain its high degree of effectiveness nor the toxic effects exerted on normal, post-mitotic tissues. Oxidative damage has been observed in vivo following exposure to cisplatin in several tissues, suggesting a role for oxidative stress in the pathogenesis of cisplatin-induced dose-limiting toxicities. However, the mechanism of cisplatin-induced generation of ROS and their contribution to cisplatin cytotoxicity in normal and cancer cells is still poorly understood. By employing a panel of normal and cancer cell lines and the budding yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae as model system, we show that exposure to cisplatin induces a mitochondrial-dependent ROS response that significantly enhances the cytotoxic effect caused by nDNA damage. ROS generation is independent of the amount of cisplatin-induced nDNA damage and occurs in mitochondria as a consequence of protein synthesis impairment. The contribution of cisplatin-induced mitochondrial dysfunction in determining its cytotoxic effect varies among cells and depends on mitochondrial redox status, mitochondrial DNA integrity and bioenergetic function. Thus, by manipulating these cellular parameters, we were able to enhance cisplatin cytotoxicity in cancer cells. This study provides a new mechanistic insight into cisplatin-induced cell killing and may lead to the design of novel therapeutic strategies to improve anticancer drug efficacy.
Effect of frequent interruptions of prolonged sitting on self-perceived levels of energy, mood, food cravings and cognitive function

BACKGROUND
While physical activity has been shown to improve cognitive performance and well-being, office workers are essentially sedentary. We compared the effects of physical activity performed as (i) one bout in the morning or (ii) as microbouts spread out across the day to (iii) a day spent sitting, on mood and energy levels and cognitive function.


METHODS
In a randomized crossover trial, 30 sedentary adults completed each of three conditions: 6 h of uninterrupted sitting (SIT), SIT plus 30 min of moderate-intensity treadmill walking in the morning (ONE), and SIT plus six hourly 5-min microbouts of moderate-intensity treadmill walking (MICRO). Self-perceived energy, mood, and appetite were assessed with visual analog scales. Vigor and fatigue were assessed with the Profile of Mood State questionnaire. Cognitive function was measured using a flanker task and the Comprehensive Trail Making Test. Intervention effects were tested using linear mixed models.


RESULTS
Both ONE and MICRO increased self-perceived energy and vigor compared to SIT (p < 0.05 for all). MICRO, but not ONE, improved mood, decreased levels of fatigue and reduced food cravings at the end of the day compared to SIT (p < 0.05 for all). Cognitive function was not significantly affected by condition.


CONCLUSIONS
In addition to the beneficial impact of physical activity on levels of energy and vigor, spreading out physical activity throughout the day improved mood, decreased feelings of fatigue and affected appetite. Introducing short bouts of activity during the workday of sedentary office workers is a promising approach to improve overall well-being at work without negatively impacting cognitive performance.


TRIAL REGISTRATION
NCT02717377 , registered 22 March 2016.
Glycoprotein YKL-40: A potential biomarker of disease activity in rheumatoid arthritis during intensive treatment with csDMARDs and infliximab. Evidence from the randomised controlled NEO-RACo trial

OBJECTIVE
YKL-40, a chitinase-like glycoprotein associated with inflammation and tissue remodeling, is produced by joint tissues and recognized as a candidate auto-antigen in rheumatoid arthritis (RA). In the present study, we investigated YKL-40 as a potential biomarker of disease activity in patients with early RA at baseline and during intensive treatment aiming for early remission.


METHODS
Ninety-nine patients with early DMARD-naïve RA participated in the NEO-RACo study. For the first four weeks, the patients were treated with the combination of sulphasalazine, methotrexate, hydroxychloroquine and low dose prednisolone (FIN-RACo DMARD combination), and subsequently randomized to receive placebo or infliximab added on the treatment for further 22 weeks. Disease activity was evaluated using the 28-joint disease activity score and plasma YKL-40 concentrations were measured by immunoassay.


RESULTS
At the baseline, plasma YKL-40 concentration was 57 ± 37 (mean ± SD) ng/ml. YKL-40 was significantly associated with the disease activity score, interleukin-6 and erythrocyte sedimentation rate both at the baseline and during the 26 weeks' treatment. The csDMARD combination decreased YKL-40 levels already during the first four weeks of treatment, and there was no further reduction when the tumour necrosis factor-α antagonist infliximab was added on the combination treatment.


CONCLUSIONS
High YKL-40 levels were found to be associated with disease activity in early DMARD-naïve RA and during intensive treat-to-target therapy. The present results suggest YKL-40 as a useful biomarker of disease activity in RA to be used to steer treatment towards remission.
A multicenter pilot study of subcallosal cingulate area deep brain stimulation for treatment-resistant depression.

OBJECT
Deep brain stimulation (DBS) has been recently investigated as a treatment for major depression. One of the proposed targets for this application is the subcallosal cingulate gyrus (SCG). To date, promising results after SCG DBS have been reported by a single center. In the present study the authors investigated whether these findings may be replicated at different institutions. They conducted a 3-center prospective open-label trial of SCG DBS for 12 months in patients with treatment-resistant depression.


METHODS
Twenty-one patients underwent implantation of bilateral SCG electrodes. The authors examined the reduction in Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression (HRSD-17) score from baseline (RESP50).


RESULTS
Patients treated with SCG DBS had an RESP50 of 57% at 1 month, 48% at 6 months, and 29% at 12 months. The response rate after 12 months of DBS, however, increased to 62% when defined as a reduction in the baseline HRSD-17 of 40% or more. Reductions in depressive symptomatology were associated with amelioration in disease severity in patients who responded to surgery.


CONCLUSIONS
Overall, findings from this study corroborate the results of previous reports showing that outcome of SCG DBS may be replicated across centers.
Wisdom from the fly.

Arguably, almost all research in Drosophila can be considered basic research, yet many of the most essential and fundamental concepts of human genetics were first decoded in the fly. Although the fly genome, which is organized into only four chromosomes, is approximately one-twentieth the size of the human genome, it contains roughly the same number of genes, and up to 75% of human disease-related genes have Drosophila homologues [1]. The fly was prized for its simplicity and utility even before such compelling homology with humans was apparent. Since Thomas Hunt Morgan began his seminal experiments over a century ago (Table 1), the Drosophila system has revealed countless key mechanisms by which cells function, including the factors that maintain chromatin and the signaling pathways that control cell fate determination and organism development. More recently, the fly has emerged as a critical neurobiological tool and disease model for a range of genetic disorders. In this review, we present a brief retrospective of Drosophila as an indispensable genetic system and discuss some of the many contributions, past and present, of this facile system to human genetics.
Gaussian process for nonstationary time series prediction

In this paper, the problem of time series prediction is studied. A Bayesian procedure based on Gaussian process models using a nonstationary covariance function is proposed. Experiments proved the approach e4ectiveness with an excellent prediction and a good tracking. The conceptual simplicity, and good performance of Gaussian process models should make them very attractive for a wide range of problems. c © 2004 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
Monotonicity of 'ranking by choosing': A progress report

Procedures designed to select alternatives on the basis of the results of pairwise contests between them have received much attention in literature. The particular case of tournaments has been studied in depth. More recently weak tournaments and valued generalizations thereof have been investigated. The purpose of this paper is to investigate to what extent these choice procedures may be meaningfully used to define ranking procedures via their repeated use, i.e. when the equivalence classes of the ranking are determined by successive applications of the choice procedure. This is what we call “ranking by choosing”. As could be expected, such ranking procedures raise monotonicity problems. We analyze these problems and show that it is nevertheless possible to isolate a large class of well-behaved choice procedures for which failures of monotonicity are not overly serious. The hope of finding really attractive ranking by choosing procedures is however shown to be limited. Our results are illustrated on the case of tournaments.
Understand scene categories by objects: A semantic regularized scene classifier using Convolutional Neural Networks

Scene classification is a fundamental perception task for environmental understanding in today's robotics. In this paper, we have attempted to exploit the use of popular machine learning technique of deep learning to enhance scene understanding, particularly in robotics applications. As scene images have larger diversity than the iconic object images, it is more challenging for deep learning methods to automatically learn features from scene images with less samples. Inspired by human scene understanding based on object knowledge, we address the problem of scene classification by encouraging deep neural networks to incorporate object-level information. This is implemented with a regularization of semantic segmentation. With only 5 thousand training images, as opposed to 2.5 million images, we show the proposed deep architecture achieves superior scene classification results to the state-of-the-art on a publicly available SUN RGB-D dataset. In addition, performance of semantic segmentation, the regularizer, also reaches a new record with refinement derived from predicted scene labels. Finally, we apply our model trained on SUN RGB-D dataset to a set of images captured in our university using a mobile robot, demonstrating the generalization ability of the proposed algorithm.
Motivic intersection complex

In this article, we give an unconditional definition of the motivic analogue of the intersection complex, establish its basic properties, and prove its existence in certain cases.
War Rape: New Conceptualizations and Responses

This article presents new conceptualizations of war rape in international law and defines rape as a weapon and strategy of war. It also outlines the intersections of gender, patriarchy, militarism, and ethnic, religious, and political identities that fuel war rape as part of a continuum of violence against women. Local and transnational examples of women’s responses to war rape demonstrate their importance to survivors, practitioners, and policy makers who seek to address its causes and effects. Finally, the article challenges feminist social workers to address the dynamics of war rape within the complex nexus of policies that fuel conflict.
MIURA FOLDING : APPLYING ORIGAMI TO SPACE EXPLORATION

Miura folding is famous all over the world. It is an element of the ancient Japanese tradition of origami and reaches as far as astronautical engineering through the construction of solar panels. This article explains how to achieve the Miura folding, and describes its application to maps. The author also suggests in this context that nature may abhor the right angle, according to observation of the wing base of a dragonfly. AMS Subject Classification: 51M05, 00A09, 97A20
Explorations in engagement for humans and robots

This paper explores the concept of engagement, the process by which individuals in an interaction start, maintain and end their perceived connection one another. The paper reports on one aspect of engagement among human interactors the effect of tracking faces during an interaction. It also describes the architecture of a robot that can particpate in conversational, collaborative interactions with engagement gestures. Finally, the paper reports on findings of experiments with human participants who interacted with a robot when it either performed or did not perform engagement gestures. Results of the human-robot studeis indicate that people become engaged with robots: they direct their attention to the robot more often in interactions where engagement gestures are present, and they find interactions more appropriate when engagement gestures are present than when they are not Journal Artificial Intelligence This work may not be copied or reproduced in whole or in part for any commercial purpose. Permission to copy in whole or in part without payment of fee is granted for nonprofit educational and research purposes provided that all such whole or partial copies include the following: a notice that such copying is by permission of Mitsubishi Electric Research Laboratories, Inc.; an acknowledgment of the authors and individual contributions to the work; and all applicable portions of the copyright notice. Copying, reproduction, or republishing for any other purpose shall require a license with payment of fee to Mitsubishi Electric Research Laboratories, Inc. All rights reserved. Copyright c ©Mitsubishi Electric Research Laboratories, Inc., 2005 201 Broadway, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139
Tobacco document research reporting.

OBJECTIVE
To understand the use of internal tobacco industry documents in the peer reviewed health literature.


DESIGN
Interpretive analysis of published research.


SAMPLE
173 papers indexed in Medline between 1995 and 2004 that cited tobacco industry documents.


ANALYSIS
Information about year published, journal and author, and a set of codes relating to methods reporting, were managed in N*Vivo. This coding formed the basis of an interpretation of tobacco document research reporting.


RESULTS
Two types of papers were identified. The first used tobacco documents as the primary data source (A-papers). The second was dedicated to another purpose but cited a small number of documents (B-papers). In B-papers documents were used either to provide a specific example or to support an expansive contention. A-papers contained information about purpose, sources, searching, analysis, and limitations that differed by author and journal and over time. A-papers had no clear methodological context, but used words from three major traditions--interpretive research, positivist research, and history--to describe analysis.


INTERPRETATION
A descriptive mainstream form of tobacco document reporting is proposed, initially typical but decreasing, and a continuum of positioning of the researcher, from conduit to constructor. Reporting practices, particularly from experienced researchers, appeared to evolve towards researcher as constructor, with later papers showing more complex purposes, diverse sources, and detail of searching and analysis. Tobacco document research could learn from existing research traditions: a model for planning and evaluating tobacco document research is presented.
Time Series Classification with Max-Correlation and Min-Redundancy Shapelets Transformation

Shapelet is a fragment of a time series that can be used to represent class characteristics of the time series. Its application in time series classification is extensively discussed and many improvements have been made. One of them is to separate the construction of classifier from shapelet selection process which is called shapelet transformation. It is more flexible and provides us with more freedom and possibilities to make it better. First of all, the consumption of time is still a key problem that needs to be improved. Secondly, how to find the perfect shapelets that are most representative with appropriate amount is another important question we need to answer. In this paper, we first reduce the calculation by merging the existing speed-up techniques with bounding of sliding window. Then, we apply Max-Correlation and Min-Redundancy feature selection strategy in shapelet selection process to choose proper shapelets. We introduce ReliefF to find shapelet candidates with strong class correlation, and eliminate the redundant candidates with less ReliefF weights than their similar candidates. By applying our solution in actual datasets, we have proved the feasible of our strategy in actual application.
A Low-complexity near-ML performance achieving algorithm for large MIMO detection

In this paper, we present a low-complexity, near maximum-likelihood (ML) performance achieving detector for large MIMO systems having tens of transmit and receive antennas. Such large MIMO systems are of interest because of the high spectral efficiencies possible in such systems. The proposed detection algorithm, termed as multistage likelihood-ascent search (M-LAS) algorithm, is rooted in Hopfield neural networks, and is shown to possess excellent performance as well as complexity attributes. In terms of performance, in a 64 x 64 V-BLAST system with 4-QAM, the proposed algorithm achieves an un-coded BER of 10 3 at an SNR of just about 1 dB away from AWGN-only SISO performance given by Q(radic(SNR)). In terms of coded BER, with a rate-3/4 turbo code at a spectral efficiency of 96 bps/Hz the algorithm performs close to within about 4.5 dB from theoretical capacity, which is remarkable in terms of both high spectral efficiency as well as nearness to theoretical capacity. Our simulation results show that the above performance is achieved with a complexity of just O(NtNr) per symbol, where Nt and Nr denote the number of transmit and receive antennas.
Comparison of physician and patient global assessments over time in patients with rheumatoid arthritis: a retrospective analysis from the RADIUS cohort.

BACKGROUND
In rheumatoid arthritis (RA), there is discordance between patient and physician assessments of disease severity and treatment response.


OBJECTIVE
This retrospective analysis of the RADIUS (RA Disease-Modifying Anti-Rheumatic Drug Intervention and Utilization Study) 1 cohort examined specific factors that influence differences in global assessments for therapeutic effectiveness of disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs made by physicians (physician global assessment [PhGA]) and patients (patient global assessment [PtGA]).


METHODS
The RADIUS 1 cohort consisted of primarily community-based private practice patients with RA requiring either the addition of or a switch to a new biologic or nonbiologic disease-modifying antirheumatic drug and who were followed for up to 5 years by their rheumatologists. Periodic assessments included PhGA, PtGA, Health Assessment Questionnaire-Disability Index (HAQ-DI), 28-item tender/painful joint count (TJC28), swollen joint count (SJC28), pain Visual Analog Scale (VAS), and acute-phase reactants.


RESULTS
Among 4359 patients (mean disease duration, 7.3 years), PhGA most highly correlated with TJC28 (0.6956; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.6881-0.7030) and SJC28 (0.6757; 95% CI, 0.6678-0.6834). Moderate overall correlations were observed for PtGA with TJC28 (0.5000; 95% CI, 0.4890-0.5108) and less 50 with SJC28 (0.3754; 95% CI, 0.3628-0.3878). Patient global assessment most strongly correlated with pain VAS (0.8349; 95% CI, 0.8305-0.8392) and moderately correlated with HAQ-DI (0.5979; 95% CI, 0.5886-0.6071). Acute-phase reactants poorly correlated with PhGA and PtGA.


CONCLUSIONS
Low correlations between PhGA and acute-phase reactants suggest that these measurements have a limited contribution compared with the physical examination when physicians make global assessments. These results also suggest that physicians should consider patients' assessments of their disease activity (HAQ, pain VAS, and PtGA) and put joint counts into proper context.
Application of Carbon Nanotubes on the Surface Engineering

Structure, synthesis methods and the potential application of carbon nanotubes are reviewed in this paper. And its application status and development on the surface engineering are emphasized.
Randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial of oral aloe vera gel for active ulcerative colitis.

BACKGROUND
The herbal preparation, aloe vera, has been claimed to have anti-inflammatory effects and, despite a lack of evidence of its therapeutic efficacy, is widely used by patients with inflammatory bowel disease.


AIM
To perform a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial of the efficacy and safety of aloe vera gel for the treatment of mildly to moderately active ulcerative colitis.


METHODS
Forty-four evaluable hospital out-patients were randomly given oral aloe vera gel or placebo, 100 mL twice daily for 4 weeks, in a 2 : 1 ratio. The primary outcome measures were clinical remission (Simple Clinical Colitis Activity Index </= 2), sigmoidoscopic remission (Baron score </= 1) and histological remission (Saverymuttu score </= 1). Secondary outcome measures included changes in the Simple Clinical Colitis Activity Index (improvement was defined as a decrease of >/= 3 points; response was defined as remission or improvement), Baron score, histology score, haemoglobin, platelet count, erythrocyte sedimentation rate, C-reactive protein and albumin.


RESULTS
Clinical remission, improvement and response occurred in nine (30%), 11 (37%) and 14 (47%), respectively, of 30 patients given aloe vera, compared with one (7%) [P = 0.09; odds ratio, 5.6 (0.6-49)], one (7%) [P = 0.06; odds ratio, 7.5 (0.9-66)] and two (14%) [P < 0.05; odds ratio, 5.3 (1.0-27)], respectively, of 14 patients taking placebo. The Simple Clinical Colitis Activity Index and histological scores decreased significantly during treatment with aloe vera (P = 0.01 and P = 0.03, respectively), but not with placebo. Sigmoidoscopic scores and laboratory variables showed no significant differences between aloe vera and placebo. Adverse events were minor and similar in both groups of patients.


CONCLUSION
Oral aloe vera taken for 4 weeks produced a clinical response more often than placebo; it also reduced the histological disease activity and appeared to be safe. Further evaluation of the therapeutic potential of aloe vera gel in inflammatory bowel disease is needed.