LLukas22/scidocs huggingface dataset:
A miniature ceiling walking robot with flat tacky elastomeric footpads

In this paper, the design, analysis, and development of a sixteen-legged palm-sized climbing robot using flat bulk tacky elastomer adhesives as an attachment method is presented. A legged robot with four-bar based kinematics is designed and fabricated with elastomeric footpads. The proposed robot has a passive peeling mechanism for energy efficient and vibration free detachment. A rocker-type mechanism in the leg and compliant foam under the footpads are utilized for passive alignment on concave and convex surfaces. Adhesion experimental data is used to estimate the adhesion and preload saturation on the footpads on different angled acrylic surface. It is showed that although the initial preload does not affect the adhesion and preload saturation point, the orientation and the weight of the robot, roughness of the surface, and waiting time between consecutive steps greatly effect the climbing performance. Experimental results revealed that the robot can climb in any direction in 3D space on smooth surfaces, such as acrylic and glass. It can carry a payload of up to 2 N, which is almost twice as its own weight, on a smooth inverted surface. The robot can robustly climb vertically on relatively rough surfaces such as a painted wall or a wooden door. Potential applications of this robot include inspection, exploration, maintenance, cleaning, repair, and search and rescue.
Priority Based Dynamic Round Robin (PBDRR) Algorithm with Intelligent Time Slice for Soft Real Time Systems

In this paper, a new variant of Round Robin (RR) algorithm is proposed which is suitable for soft real time systems. RR algorithm performs optimally in timeshared systems, but it is not suitable for soft real time systems. Because it gives more number of context switches, larger waiting time and larger response time. We have proposed a novel algorithm, known as Priority Based Dynamic Round Robin Algorithm(PBDRR), which calculates intelligent time slice for individual processes and changes after every round of execution. The proposed scheduling algorithm is developed by taking dynamic time quantum concept into account. Our experimental results show that our proposed algorithm performs better than algorithm in [8] in terms of reducing the number of context switches, average waiting time and average turnaround time. KeywordsReal time system; Operating System; Scheduling; Round Robin Algorithm; Context switch; Waiting time; Turnaround time.
99mTc-sestamibi using a direct conversion molecular breast imaging system to assess tumor response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy in women with locally advanced breast cancer.

PURPOSE
The objective of this study was to determine the ability of breast imaging with 99mTc-sestamibi and a direct conversion-molecular breast imaging (MBI) system to predict early response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC).


METHODS
Patients undergoing NAC for breast cancer were imaged with a direct conversion-MBI system before (baseline), at 3 to 5 weeks after onset, and after completion of NAC. Tumor size and tumor-to-background (T/B) uptake ratio measured from MBI images were compared with extent of residual disease at surgery using the residual cancer burden.


RESULTS
Nineteen patients completed imaging and proceeded to surgical resection after NAC. Mean reduction in T/B ratio from baseline to 3 to 5 weeks for patients classified as RCB-0 (no residual disease), RCB-1 and RCB-2 combined, and RCB-3 (extensive residual disease) was 56% (SD, 0.20), 28% (SD, 0.20), and 4% (SD, 0.15), respectively. The reduction in the RCB-0 group was significantly greater than in RCB-1/2 (P = 0.036) and RCB-3 (P = 0.001) groups. The area under the receiver operator characteristic curve for determining the presence or absence of residual disease was 0.88. Using a threshold of 50% reduction in T/B ratio at 3 to 5 weeks, MBI predicted presence of residual disease at surgery with a diagnostic accuracy of 89.5% (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.64%-0.99%), sensitivity of 92.3% (95% CI, 0.74%-0.99%), and specificity of 83.3% (95% CI, 0.44%-0.99%). The reduction in tumor size at 3 to 5 weeks was not statistically different between RCB groups.


CONCLUSIONS
Changes in T/B ratio on MBI images performed at 3 to 5 weeks following initiation of NAC were accurate at predicting the presence or absence of residual disease at NAC completion.
The Measurement of User Information Satisfaction

This paper critically reviews measures of user information satisfaction and selects one for replication and extension. A survey of production managers is used to provide additional support for the instrument, eliminate scales that are psychometrically unsound, and develop a standard short form for use when only an overall assessment of information satisfaction is required and survey time is limited.
Ventricular Tachycardia Ablation versus Escalation of Antiarrhythmic Drugs.

BACKGROUND
Recurrent ventricular tachycardia among survivors of myocardial infarction with an implantable cardioverter-defibrillator (ICD) is frequent despite antiarrhythmic drug therapy. The most effective approach to management of this problem is uncertain.


METHODS
We conducted a multicenter, randomized, controlled trial involving patients with ischemic cardiomyopathy and an ICD who had ventricular tachycardia despite the use of antiarrhythmic drugs. Patients were randomly assigned to receive either catheter ablation (ablation group) with continuation of baseline antiarrhythmic medications or escalated antiarrhythmic drug therapy (escalated-therapy group). In the escalated-therapy group, amiodarone was initiated if another agent had been used previously. The dose of amiodarone was increased if it had been less than 300 mg per day or mexiletine was added if the dose was already at least 300 mg per day. The primary outcome was a composite of death, three or more documented episodes of ventricular tachycardia within 24 hours (ventricular tachycardia storm), or appropriate ICD shock.


RESULTS
Of the 259 patients who were enrolled, 132 were assigned to the ablation group and 127 to the escalated-therapy group. During a mean (±SD) of 27.9±17.1 months of follow-up, the primary outcome occurred in 59.1% of patients in the ablation group and 68.5% of those in the escalated-therapy group (hazard ratio in the ablation group, 0.72; 95% confidence interval, 0.53 to 0.98; P=0.04). There was no significant between-group difference in mortality. There were two cardiac perforations and three cases of major bleeding in the ablation group and two deaths from pulmonary toxic effects and one from hepatic dysfunction in the escalated-therapy group.


CONCLUSIONS
In patients with ischemic cardiomyopathy and an ICD who had ventricular tachycardia despite antiarrhythmic drug therapy, there was a significantly lower rate of the composite primary outcome of death, ventricular tachycardia storm, or appropriate ICD shock among patients undergoing catheter ablation than among those receiving an escalation in antiarrhythmic drug therapy. (Funded by the Canadian Institutes of Health Research and others; VANISH ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT00905853.).
The prognostic significance of IDH 1 mutations in younger adult patients with acute myeloid leukemia is dependent on FLT 3 / ITD status

Mutations in the isocitrate dehydrogenase gene (IDH1) were recently described in patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML). To investigate their prognostic significance we determined IDH1 status in 1333 young adult patients, excluding acute promyelocytic leukemia, treated in the United Kingdom MRC AML10 and 12 trials. A mutation was detected in 107 patients (8%). Most IDH1 patients (91%) had intermediate-risk cytogenetics. Mutations correlated significantly with an NPM1 mutation (P < .0001) but not a FLT3/ ITD (P .9). No difference in outcome between IDH1 and IDH1 patients was found in univariate or multivariate analysis, or if the results were stratified by NPM1 mutation status. However, when stratified by FLT3/ITD status, an IDH1 mutation was an independent adverse factor for relapse in FLT3/ITD patients (P .008) and a favorable factor in FLT3/ ITD patients (P .02). These results suggest that metabolic changes induced by an IDH1 mutation may influence chemoresistance in a manner that is contextdependent. (Blood. 2010;116(15): 2779-2782)
Breast enlargement in newborns: a folkloric-medical dilemma.

A male infant was brought to hospital aged eight weeks. He was born at full term via normal vaginal home delivery without any complications. The delivery was conducted by a traditional birth attendant and Apgar scores at birth were unrecorded. One week after the birth, the parents noticed an increase in size of the baby’s breasts. In accordance with cultural practice, they massaged the breasts in order to express milk, hoping that by doing so the size of the breasts would return to normal. However, the size of the breasts increased. They also reported that milk was being discharged spontaneously through the nipples. There was no history of drug intake neither by the mother nor the baby. The infant appeared clinically well and showed no signs of irritability. On examination, bilateral breast enlargement was observed of approximate diameter 6 cm. No tenderness, purulent discharge or any sign of inflammation were observed (Figure 1). Systemic and genital examination were unremarkable. Routine blood investigations were normal. Firm advice was given not to massage the breasts of the baby.
Magnetic resonance brain imaging in people with dizziness: a comparison with non-dizzy people.

BACKGROUND
Dizziness is a common symptom affecting about 30% of people over the age of 65.


OBJECTIVE
To investigate the hypothesis that structural abnormalities of the brain and cervical cord are more common in dizzy than in non-dizzy subjects.


METHODS
A case-control study of subjects over the age of 65 with and without dizziness: 125 dizzy subjects and 86 non-dizzy subjects were recruited from the community through articles in the local press. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the brain and neck was performed, and was read by a consultant neuroradiologist blind to the clinical details.


RESULTS
All dizzy subjects and all controls had at least one structural abnormality. Cerebral atrophy was found in 86% of dizzy subjects and 85% controls (p = 1.0) At least one white matter lesion was found in 69% of dizzy subjects and 78% controls (p = 0.21). White matter lesions in the midbrain were more common in dizzy than in non-dizzy subjects (22% v 4%, p < 0.001). There were no significant differences in the prevalence of cord compression, cervical subluxation, facet joint degeneration, vertebral artery compression, or vertebral artery occlusion between dizzy and non-dizzy subjects.


CONCLUSIONS
Structural abnormalities of the brain and neck are common in both dizzy and non-dizzy subjects. "Routine" MRI is unlikely to reveal a specific cause for dizziness. The observation of more frequent white matter lesions in the midbrain in dizzy subjects requires further study to determine whether small vessel changes could cause dizziness in older people.
Trafficking of people. Human trafficking

Today, according to data from both the United Nations (UN) and the International Labor Organization (ILO), more than about 2.5 million people are victims of trafficking in persons, whether subjected to sexual or labor exploitation, servitude, organ trafficking, or destined to begging and war.1 During era s previously, women and girls, particularly African and indigenous, were uprooted from their places of origin and traded as labor, servitors and / or as sexual objects. But trafficking as a sociocultural problem began to be recognized in the late nineteenth and early twentieth century’s through what was called ‘White Traffic’, a concept that was used to refer to the mobility and trade of white, European and American women, to serve as prostitutes or concubines in Arab, African or Asian countries.2−4
SGDLibrary: A MATLAB library for stochastic gradient descent algorithms

We consider the problem of finding the minimizer of a function f : R → R of the finite-sum form min f(w) = 1/n ∑n i fi(w). This problem has been studied intensively in recent years in the field of machine learning (ML). One promising approach for large-scale data is to use a stochastic optimization algorithm to solve the problem. SGDLibrary is a readable, flexible and extensible pure-MATLAB library of a collection of stochastic optimization algorithms. The purpose of the library is to provide researchers and implementers a comprehensive evaluation environment for the use of these algorithms on various ML problems. Published in Journal of Machine Learning Research (JMLR) entitled “SGDLibrary: A MATLAB library for stochastic gradient optimization algorithms” [1]
Encyclopedia of Biophysics

ion of the a-proton from acetyl-CoA by Asp375, creating the enolate form. It was long believed that this was converted into an enol (e.g., by proton transfer from His274), but several computer modeling studies (in particular using high-level QM/MM methods) indicated that the enolate is the true transient intermediate species in the enzyme reaction (e.g., Mulholland et al. 2000; Van der Kamp et al. 2010). The enolate form is stabilized by electrostatic interactions in the enzyme active site, which include conventional hydrogen bonds from His274 and a conserved water molecule to the enolate oxygen (Fig. 2); no “lowbarrier hydrogen bonds” are involved (Mulholland et al. 2000). When the enolate intermediate is formed, the carbonyl carbon of oxaloacetate can undergo a nucleophilic attack. Citryl-CoA is formed as an intermediate, which requires proton donation. Initially, it was suggested that His320 donated the proton, but high-level QM/MM studies indicate that donation by Arg329 is most likely (Van der Kamp et al. 2008) (Fig. 2). This unusual role of an arginine as proton donor probably prevents overstabilization of the citryl-CoA intermediate and may trigger opening of the enzyme active site (vide supra), which is likely to be important for hydrolysis. Through its involvement in catalysis, Arg329 thereby is proposed to provide a mechanism for coupling condensation and hydrolysis in citrate synthase, and for coupling the chemical and conformational changes during the catalytic cycle (Van der Kamp et al. 2008). Citryl-CoA subsequently undergoes hydrolysis to form citrate and CoA-SH. Asp375 is implicated to play a role in this step, but the precise mechanism for this step is as yet unknown. The breaking of the thioester-linkage is energetically very favorable, which helps to drive the reaction in the forward direction, making it possible for the citric acid cycle to turn over, even with the typically low concentration of oxaloacetate in vivo (Voet and Voet 2011).
Human TRAV1-2-negative MR1-restricted T cells detect S. pyogenes and alternatives to MAIT riboflavin-based antigens

Mucosal-associated invariant T (MAIT) cells are thought to detect microbial antigens presented by the HLA-Ib molecule MR1 through the exclusive use of a TRAV1-2-containing TCRα. Here we use MR1 tetramer staining and ex vivo analysis with mycobacteria-infected MR1-deficient cells to demonstrate the presence of functional human MR1-restricted T cells that lack TRAV1-2. We characterize an MR1-restricted clone that expresses the TRAV12-2 TCRα, which lacks residues previously shown to be critical for MR1-antigen recognition. In contrast to TRAV1-2(+) MAIT cells, this TRAV12-2-expressing clone displays a distinct pattern of microbial recognition by detecting infection with the riboflavin auxotroph Streptococcus pyogenes. As known MAIT antigens are derived from riboflavin metabolites, this suggests that TRAV12-2(+) clone recognizes unique antigens. Thus, MR1-restricted T cells can discriminate between microbes in a TCR-dependent manner. We postulate that additional MR1-restricted T-cell subsets may play a unique role in defence against infection by broadening the recognition of microbial metabolites.
E-customer Loyalty

Increasingly, businesses are beginning to understand the profit potential of loyal customers (Oliver, 1999). Marketers endowed with such consumers can expect repeat patronage to remain high until competitors can find a way to: (1) close the gap in attitude among brands, (2) increase the differentiation of their own brand, or (3) encourage spurious loyalty from consumers (Dick & Basu, 1994). Loyalty leads to higher retention. According to one study, a 5% increase in customer retention rates increases profits by 25% to 95% (Reicheld & Schefter, 2000). It is thus heartening to note that “one of the most exciting and successful uses of [the Internet] ... may be the Internet’s role in building customer loyalty and maximizing sales to your existing customers” (Griffin, 1996, p. 50). Given its relative importance in cyberspace, it is surprising that relatively little has been done in conceptualizing and validating e-loyalty models (Luarn & Lin, 2003). Parasuraman and Grewal (2000) argue for more research pertaining to the influence of technology on customer responses, such as perceived value and customer loyalty. Besides customer trust, our study also incorporates two constructs—corporate image and perceived value—that have been poorly explored in online environments despite their recognized importance in off-line contexts. Consequently, a primary objective of this article is to discuss the impact of three constructs (i.e., customer trust, corporate image, and perceived value) on e-loyalty in a business-to-consumer (B2C) e-commerce context. In doing so, our model is expected to offer useful suggestions on how to manage customer trust, corporate image, and perceived value as online loyalty management tools. This article is generally divided into three sections. The first section will discuss the constructs of interest and clarify what they mean. In the second section, we will propose hypotheses explaining these relationships. And in the final section, we introduce actionable strategies for online loyalty management based on the proposed framework. BACKGROUND
Phase I dose escalation trial of feverfew with standardized doses of parthenolide in patients with cancer

Purpose: Feverfew is a botanical product that contains parthenolide. Parthenolide has in vitro and in vivo anti-tumor and anti-angiogenic activity. Feverfew has been used extensively without any formal pharmacokinetic analysis. A Phase I trial was conducted to evaluate the pharmacokinetics and toxicity of parthenolide given as a component of “feverfew.” Patients and methods: Feverfew (Tanacet™) was administered as a daily oral tablet in a 28-day cycle. A starting dose of 1 mg per day was explored with subsequent dose escalations to 2, 3, and 4 mg. Assessment of plasma pharmacokinetics was performed on patients accrued to the trial. Solid phase extraction and mass spectroscopy were used to evaluate parthenolide plasma concentrations. The limit of detection for parthenolide in plasma was 0.5 ng/ml. Patients were evaluated for response after every two cycles. Results: Feverfew given on this schedule had no significant toxicity, and the maximum tolerated dose was not reached. When parthenolide was administered at doses up to 4 mg as a daily oral capsule in the feverfew preparation, there was not detectable concentration in the plasma. Because of this, parthenolide pharmacokinetics were not able to be completed. Conclusion: Feverfew, with up to 4 mg of parthenolide, given daily as an oral tablet is well tolerated without dose-limiting toxicity, but does not provide detectable plasma concentrations. Purification of parthenolide for administration of higher doses will be needed.
A review of induction motors signature analysis as a medium for faults detection

This paper is intended as a tutorial overview of induction motors signature analysis as a medium for fault detection. The purpose is to introduce in a concise manner the fundamental theory, main results, and practical applications of motor signature analysis for the detection and the localization of abnormal electrical and mechanical conditions that indicate, or may lead to, a failure of induction motors. The paper is focused on the so-called motor current signature analysis which utilizes the results of spectral analysis of the stator current. The paper is purposefully written without “state-of-the-art” terminology for the benefit of practicing engineers in facilities today who may not be familiar with signal processing.
Prevalence of the Metabolic Syndrome Among a Racially/Ethnically Diverse Group of U.S. Eighth-Grade Adolescents and Associations With Fasting Insulin and Homeostasis Model Assessment of Insulin Resistance Levels   

OBJECTIVE
The purpose of this study was to report the prevalence of the International Diabetes Federation (IDF)-defined metabolic syndrome and its components among a cross-sectional sample of racially/ethnically diverse eighth grade youths and examine the association between the presence of the syndrome and participant fasting insulin and homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) levels.


RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS
Data were from a cross-sectional study with 1,453 racially/ethnically diverse eighth grade students from 12 middle schools in three U.S. states (Texas, North Carolina, and California). Height, weight, waist circumference, and blood pressure were recorded. Fasting blood samples were analyzed for triglycerides, HDL cholesterol, glucose, and insulin; HOMA-IR was calculated. Sex, race/ethnicity, and pubertal stage were self-reported. IDF criteria were used to determine the prevalence of the metabolic syndrome. The odds ratio for being classified with the syndrome was calculated by quintiles of fasting insulin and HOMA-IR.


RESULTS
Of the sample, 138 students (9.5%) were classified with metabolic syndrome. Hispanics were more likely to have high abdominal adiposity and high triglycerides. Male adolescents were more likely to have high triglycerides, low HDL cholesterol, high blood pressure, and high fasting glucose. Participants in the highest insulin quintile were almost 200 times more likely to be classified with the syndrome than participants in the lowest quintile with comparable associations for HOMA-IR quintiles.


CONCLUSIONS
In a racially/ethnically diverse sample of U.S. adolescents, 9.5% of participants were identified with the metabolic syndrome using the IDF criteria. The likelihood of metabolic syndrome classification significantly increased with higher insulin and HOMA-IR values.
Towards Process Support for Cloud Manufacturing

Due to increasing competitive pressure, manufacturing companies need to support flexible and scalable business processes - both on the shop floor and in their enterprise software systems. Cloud manufacturing is a recent approach to realize real-world manufacturing processes by applying well-known basic concepts from the field of Cloud computing to this domain. To implement Cloud manufacturing, it is necessary to model, enact and monitor according manufacturing processes and virtualize the single process steps. So far, Business Process Management Systems do not explicitly support Cloud manufacturing. This paper analyzes requirements regarding process enactment for Cloud manufacturing and provides a concept for an according software framework.