LLukas22/scidocs huggingface dataset:
A Framework for Steering Dynamic Robotic Locomotion Systems

We seek to formulate control and motion planning algorithms for a class of dynamic robotic locomotion systems. We consider mechanical systems that involve some type of interaction with the environment and have dynamics that possess rotational and translational symmetries. Research in non-holonomic systems and geometric mechanics has led to a single, simplified framework that describes this class of systems. In this paper, we explore a hybrid systems approach to generating motion plans for systems of this type. We perform a dynamic analysis of the system to find a small set of periodic control inputs for momentum generation in desired directions. We then find a simplified, kinematic model which captures the fundamental nature of the locomotion system and we use this abstract model for motion planning. This approach is inherently modular, since broad classes of locomotion systems can be described by the same kinematic approximation. In this paper, we describe the application of such an approach to two examples: the snakeboard robot and an eel-like,
Online fault detection and tolerance for photovoltaic energy harvesting systems

Photovoltaic energy harvesting systems (PV systems) are subject to PV cell faults, which decrease the efficiency of PV systems and even shorten the PV system lifespan. Manual PV cell fault detection and elimination are expensive and nearly impossible for remote PV systems, e.g., PV systems on satellites. Therefore, online fault detection techniques and fault tolerance solutions are needed that can detect and tolerate PV cell faults without manual intervention. In this work, we present an online fault detection and tolerance technique for remote PV systems, which is capable of dynamically locating faulty PV cells and tolerating PV cell faults. More precisely, we present a modified PV panel structure and an efficient algorithm for our online fault detection and tolerance. Our fault detection and tolerance technique reduces output power degradation due to PV cell faults in a PV system by up to 81.31%.
A Lifetime Distribution With an Upside-Down Bathtub-Shaped Hazard Function

A three-parameter lifetime distribution with increasing, decreasing, bathtub, and upside down bathtub shaped failure rates is introduced. The new model includes the Weibull distribution as a special case. A motivation is given using a competing risks interpretation when restricting its parametric space. Various statistical properties, and reliability aspects are explored; and the estimation of parameters is studied using the standard maximum likelihood procedures. Applications of the model to real data are also included
Energy-Aware Routing for SWIPT in Multi-Hop Energy-Constrained Wireless Network

Simultaneous wireless information and power transfer (SWIPT) transmits information and powers wireless nodes with the same radio frequency signal. It can prolong the life time of the energy-constrained wireless nodes. Current works of SWIPT focus on one-hop and two-hop wireless network. In order to verify the performance of SWIPT in multi-hop energy-constrained wireless network (MECWN) where the energy harvested by the receiver node can be as an energy compensation for data forwarding, this paper concurrently considers SWIPT and routing selection in MECWN. To reduce the energy consumption, we first formulate the information and energy allocation problem of link in a forwarding path, which is dependent on the next-hop node, and solve it by an iterative allocation algorithm. A novel routing metric evaluates the energy consumption of link transmitted with or without SWIPT. The energy-aware SWIPT routing algorithm allocates the information and energy of link with allocation algorithm during path finding process. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first solution that takes account of SWIPT and routing in MECWN. Our performance studies demonstrate that our proposed algorithms can effectively exploit those node resources whose energy are not enough and significantly decrease the energy consumption.
Biogenesis, assembly, and export of viral messenger ribonucleoproteins in the influenza A virus infected cell

The flow of genetic information from sites of transcription within the nucleus to the cytoplasmic translational machinery of eukaryotic cells is obstructed by a physical blockade, the nuclear double membrane, which must be overcome in order to adhere to the central dogma of molecular biology, DNA makes RNA makes protein. Advancement in the field of cellular and molecular biology has painted a detailed picture of the molecular mechanisms from transcription of genes to mRNAs and their processing that is closely coupled to export from the nucleus. The rules that govern delivering messenger transcripts from the nucleus must be obeyed by influenza A virus, a member of the Orthomyxoviridae that has adopted a nuclear replication cycle. The negative-sense genome of influenza A virus is segmented into eight individual viral ribonucleoprotein (vRNP) complexes containing the viral RNA-dependent RNA polymerase and single-stranded RNA encapsidated in viral nucleoprotein. Influenza A virus mRNAs fall into three major categories, intronless, intron-containing unspliced and spliced. During evolutionary history, influenza A virus has conceived a way of negotiating the passage of viral transcripts from the nucleus to cytoplasmic sites of protein synthesis. The major mRNA nuclear export NXF1 pathway is increasingly implicated in viral mRNA export and this review considers and discusses the current understanding of how influenza A virus exploits the host mRNA export pathway for replication.
Evaluating Mobile Phones and Web Sites for Academic Information Needs

In the last decade, there has been an exponential growth in use of mobile phones among people. Smart phone invention has digitized life of a common man especially after introduction of 3G/4G technology. People are used to use Internet on the move because of this advancement in technology. This advancement has also motivated usability design researchers to propose more usable designs for both smart phones and web sites. This work focuses on evaluation of web usability of mobile phones as well as usability of university web sites. Evaluation is performed on the most popular mobile phones required by the most common mobile users. Selection of the most popular mobile devices, the most common mobile users and their web usage is done by conducting a very detailed survey in the local market. Survey concludes that students and labors are the most common buyers of mobile phones and we choose three mobiles phones from the category of most popular phones that are iPhone (iPhone 4 precisely), Q-Mobile (Q Mobile A35) and Windows phone (Lumia 535). Six participants (three male and three females) are selected for fully detailed and rigorous taskbased usability testing with “think aloud” technique. Task scenarios are defined to evaluate the usability of both i.e. smart phones and chosen university web sites. From results of usability testing, we find out that iPhone has better usability design as far as its response time is concerned while Q Mobile ranks second and Microsoft Windows phone takes last position in this ranking. Usability evaluation of university web sites on these mobile phones concludes that web site of Islamia university of Bahawalpur (I.U.B, Bahawalpur) has better mobile usability design and Bahauddin Zakariya university (BZU, Multan) and NFC Institute of Engineering and Technology NFCIET, Multan) second and third respectively and while web site of Institute of Southern Punjab (ISP, Multan) comes last when measured in terms of task completion time. All tests are performed on wireless network when internet download speed is between 3MBPS to 3.2MBPS. Keywords—Usability Engineering; Smart Phones; Academic information need
Software project management

The structural analysis of technology project management is carried out and relationships between the processes of management are established. Formalization is accomplished and the mathematical model of software project management is proposed.
Chapter 15 Antitrust

Abstract This is a survey of the economic principles that underlie antitrust law and how those principles relate to competition policy. We address four core subject areas: market power, collusion, mergers between competitors, and monopolization. In each area, we select the most relevant portions of current economic knowledge and use that knowledge to critically assess central features of antitrust policy. Our objective is to foster the improvement of legal regimes and also to identify topics where further analytical and empirical exploration would be useful.
Total thyroidectomy: a safe and effective treatment for Graves' disease.

BACKGROUND
Thyroidectomy as a first line treatment for Graves' disease is rarely utilized in the US. The purpose of this study was to analyze the safety and efficacy of thyroid surgery among patients with Graves' disease.


METHODS
Fifty-six patients with Graves' disease underwent thyroid surgery between May 1994 and May 2008 at a single academic institution. Preoperative, intraoperative, and postoperative variables were analyzed.


RESULTS
A total of 58 surgeries were performed: 55.1% (n = 32) total thyroidectomy, 41.3% (n = 24) subtotal/lobectomy, 3.4% (n = 2) completion thyroidectomy. The average gland weight was 47.3 ± 10.8 gm, with 70% weighing > 30 gm. Reasons for having thyroid surgery were persistent disease despite medical therapy (46.6%), patient preference (24.1%), multinodular goiter/cold nodules (20.3%), failed RAI (radioactive iodine) treatment (16%), and opthalmopathy (12.1%). Of those patients that failed prior RAI therapy, the only factor that was predictive of failure was disease severity, as demonstrated by a markedly elevated initial free-T4 value (11.8 ± 4.5 ng/dL, P = 0.04). Transient symptomatic hypocalcemia occurred in 10.7% (n = 6) of patients, and one patient (1.8%) had symptomatic hypocalcemia lasting > 6 mo. There were no permanent recurrent laryngeal nerve injuries. There was no difference in overall complication rates between patients based on surgical procedure (subtotal versus total thyroidectomy), preoperative RAI treatment, or gland size. Recurrences occurred in 6% of the subtotal thyroidectomy group and 0% of the total thyroidectomy group (P = 0.008).


CONCLUSION
Thyroidectomy for patients with Graves' disease can be performed with very low complication rates and when a total thyroidectomy is performed, there is almost no risk of recurrence.
A Fully Time-domain Neural Model for Subband-based Speech Synthesizer

This paper introduces a deep neural network model for subband-based speech 1 synthesizer. The model benefits from the short bandwidth of the subband signals 2 to reduce the complexity of the time-domain speech generator. We employed 3 the multi-level wavelet analysis/synthesis to decompose/reconstruct the signal to 4 subbands in time domain. Inspired from the WaveNet, a convolutional neural 5 network (CNN) model predicts subband speech signals fully in time domain. Due 6 to the short bandwidth of the subbands, a simple network architecture is enough to 7 train the simple patterns of the subbands accurately. In the ground truth experiments 8 with teacher forcing, the subband synthesizer outperforms the fullband model 9 significantly. In addition, by conditioning the model on the phoneme sequence 10 using a pronunciation dictionary, we have achieved the first fully time-domain 11 neural text-to-speech (TTS) system. The generated speech of the subband TTS 12 shows comparable quality as the fullband one with a slighter network architecture 13 for each subband. 14
From sBoW to dCoT marginalized encoders for text representation

In text mining, information retrieval, and machine learning, text documents are commonly represented through variants of sparse Bag of Words (sBoW) vectors (e.g. TF-IDF [1]). Although simple and intuitive, sBoW style representations suffer from their inherent over-sparsity and fail to capture word-level synonymy and polysemy. Especially when labeled data is limited (e.g. in document classification), or the text documents are short (e.g. emails or abstracts), many features are rarely observed within the training corpus. This leads to overfitting and reduced generalization accuracy. In this paper we propose Dense Cohort of Terms (dCoT), an unsupervised algorithm to learn improved sBoW document features. dCoT explicitly models absent words by removing and reconstructing random sub-sets of words in the unlabeled corpus. With this approach, dCoT learns to reconstruct frequent words from co-occurring infrequent words and maps the high dimensional sparse sBoW vectors into a low-dimensional dense representation. We show that the feature removal can be marginalized out and that the reconstruction can be solved for in closed-form. We demonstrate empirically, on several benchmark datasets, that dCoT features significantly improve the classification accuracy across several document classification tasks.
Comparison of the diagnostic value of ultrasonography and standing radiography for pelvic-femoral disorders in horses.

OBJECTIVE
To assess agreement between ultrasonography (transcutaneous and transrectal) and standing radiography in horses with fractures in the pelvic region and disorders of the coxofemoral joint.


STUDY DESIGN
Case series.


ANIMALS
Warmblood horses (n=23) and 2 ponies.


METHODS
Medical records (1999-2008) of equids with pelvic or coxofemoral disorders that had pelvic radiography and ultrasonography were retrieved and results of both techniques compared.


RESULTS
Radiography and ultrasonography each identified equal numbers of fractures of the tuber coxa (n=4), ilial shaft (2), ischium (3), femoral neck (2), and osteoarthritis/osis of the coxofemoral joint (6). Fractures of the ilial wing (4) were only identified by ultrasonography not by standing radiography. Of 9 acetabular fractures, 3 were identified on radiographs only, 5 were identified with both modalities. One pubic fracture was identified using ultrasonography and radiography. One acetabular and 1 pubic fracture were only diagnosed on necropsy.


CONCLUSIONS
We found reasonable agreement (73%; 24/33) between ultrasonography and standing radiography for diagnosis of pelvic-femoral disorders. Ultrasonography was more useful for ilial wing fractures and radiography for acetabular fractures.


CLINICAL RELEVANCE
Ultrasonography is a rapid, safe imaging technique for detecting disorders of the pelvic region with a high diagnostic yield and is a preferred initial approach in horses with severe hindlimb lameness.
Cyber Victimization : School Experience of Malaysian Cyberbullied Teenagers

Cyberbullying among schoolchildren and teenagers became a hot issue discussed by Malaysian society. Cyberbullying is a new age of bullying because it uses the modern digital technology intentionally to hurt and degrade someone in the cyber world. Cyberbullying is a problem affecting many teenagers as they embrace online communication and interaction whereby virtual world with no borders. By adopting a qualitative approach, this study has captured 8 cyberbullied victims’ school experience. Even years after leaving school, these 8 cyberbullied victims remember how it feels to be bullied in the cyber world. The principal investigator also tries to identify the possibility factors that contribute to cyberbullying among these 8 victims. The result shows that these victims were bullied differently in cyber world. This study not just primarily focuses on cyberbullying issues among schoolchildren and teenagers; it also addresses the motives and causes of cyberbullying. Lastly, this article will be served as guidance for school teachers, parents and teenagers to prepare to tackle cyberbullying together. Cyberbullying is no laughing matter in our community, and it is time to spread the seeds of peace inspires others to do the same. Keywords—Cyberbullying, cyber victimization, internet, school experience, teenagers.
Advanced LiNbO/sub 3/ optical modulators for broadband optical communications

This paper describes advanced lithium niobate (LiNbO3) optical modulators for broadband optical communications. It includes 40-Gb/s ultralow voltage modulators, compact modulators and modulators for frequency comb generator and short pulse generation
Ecosystems and human health

Ecosystems and human health , Ecosystems and human health , کتابخانه دیجیتال جندی شاپور اهواز
Clinical decision support systems for the practice of evidence-based medicine.

BACKGROUND
The use of clinical decision support systems to facilitate the practice of evidence-based medicine promises to substantially improve health care quality.


OBJECTIVE
To describe, on the basis of the proceedings of the Evidence and Decision Support track at the 2000 AMIA Spring Symposium, the research and policy challenges for capturing research and practice-based evidence in machine-interpretable repositories, and to present recommendations for accelerating the development and adoption of clinical decision support systems for evidence-based medicine.


RESULTS
The recommendations fall into five broad areas--capture literature-based and practice-based evidence in machine--interpretable knowledge bases; develop maintainable technical and methodological foundations for computer-based decision support; evaluate the clinical effects and costs of clinical decision support systems and the ways clinical decision support systems affect and are affected by professional and organizational practices; identify and disseminate best practices for work flow-sensitive implementations of clinical decision support systems; and establish public policies that provide incentives for implementing clinical decision support systems to improve health care quality.


CONCLUSIONS
Although the promise of clinical decision support system-facilitated evidence-based medicine is strong, substantial work remains to be done to realize the potential benefits.
Nonsyndromic craniosynostosis: the Rady Children's Hospital approach.

ABSTRACT
Surgical correction for nonsyndromic craniosynostosis has continued to evolve over the last century. The criterion standard has remained open correction of the cranial deformities, and many techniques have been described that yield satisfactory results. However, technology has allowed for minimally invasive techniques to be developed with the aid of endoscopic visualization. With proper patient selection and the aid of postoperative helmet therapy, there is increasing evidence that supports these techniques' safety and efficacy. In this article, our purpose was to describe our algorithm for treating nonsyndromic craniosynostosis at Rady Children's Hospital.
An AI-Based Break-Scheduling System for Supervisory Personnel

Designing shift plans represents a difficult but interesting task because they must satisfy various, often conflicting, requirements. In this article, we address a complex real-world break-scheduling problem for supervisory personnel and present a scheduling system that can help professional planners create high-quality shift plans. Supervisory personnel spend most of their workday in front of computer monitors, addressing critical and constantly changing situations. For employees working under such conditions to always maintain high levels of concentration, it's essential that they take occasional breaks. Usually, the amount of break time, as well as the position and duration of breaks within their work time (shift) are regulated by labor rules that must be satisfied by a feasible shift plan. Moreover, to guarantee effective supervision, a minimum number of employees must be working at any given time.
Gossip and Subversion in Nineteenth-Century British Fiction

Acknowledgements (as the Crisis of Credit) - Introduction: 'The Outside as Inside': Echo's(') Narrative Domain - 'The Persistence of the Vocalic': Scott and the Early Strategies of Accommodation - 'A-Filiative Families and Subversive Reproduction': Gossip in Jane Austen - 'Parlour's Parler: 'The Chatter of Tongues within...' Wuthering Heights - 'In All Matter of Places, All at Wunst': Writing, Gossip, and the State of Information in Bleak House - 'This Alarming Hearsay': Public Opinion and the Crisis of the Liberal Imagination in Middlemarch - 'Too Meeny': Jude, Dorian, and the Life of the Secondary - Index
Effectiveness of behavioural weight loss interventions delivered in a primary care setting: a systematic review and meta-analysis

BACKGROUND
Overweight and obesity have negative health effects. Primary care clinicians are best placed to intervene in weight management. Previous reviews of weight loss interventions have included studies from specialist settings. The aim of this review was to estimate the effect of behavioural interventions delivered in primary care on body weight in overweight and obese adults.


METHODS
The review included randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of behavioural interventions in obese or overweight adult participants in a primary care setting, with weight loss as the primary outcome, and a minimum of 12 months of follow-up. A systematic search strategy was implemented in Medline, Embase, Web of Science and the Cochrane Central Registry of Controlled Trials. Risk of bias was assessed using the Cochrane Risk of Bias tool and behavioural science components of interventions were evaluated. Data relating to weight loss in kilograms were extracted, and the results combined using meta-analysis.


RESULTS
Fifteen RCTs, with 4539 participants randomized, were selected for inclusion. The studies were heterogeneous with respect to inclusion criteria and type of intervention. Few studies reported interventions informed by behavioural science theory. Pooled results from meta-analysis indicated a mean weight loss of -1.36 kg (-2.10 to -0.63, P < 0.0001) at 12 months, and -1.23 kg (-2.28 to -0.18, P = 0.002) at 24 months.


CONCLUSION
Behavioural weight loss interventions in primary care yield very small reductions in body weight, which are unlikely to be clinically significant. More effective management strategies are needed for the treatment of overweight and obesity.
Multihop multi-channel scheduling for wireless control in WirelessHART networks

The WirelessHART standard uses TDMA and channel hopping to control access to the network and to coordinate communication between network devices, in order to enhance reliability and to improve the throughput of the network. A problem in utilizing multiple channels is that current devices are usually equipped with a single transceiver. Thus, a node can only transmit or receive on one channel at a time. Moreover, contrary to today's wired control systems, if a single access point is used the communication becomes the bottle neck of the control system. Therefore this paper presents how one may schedule the WirelessHART communication using two access points. Furthermore the paper describes a scheduling algorithm managing a multihop multi-channel networked control system based on the WirelessHART standard. A simulation example of a multihop multi-channel network is also shown, using the fixed packet lost utility of the Matlab/Simulink-based tool TrueTime.
An application of a few inequalities among sequences in electoral systems

Abstract We look at the concept of ‘favouring large states’ for divisor methods in proportional electoral systems, which is based on the comparison of the ratios of divisors. We show that it is possible in the ordered way to insert new divisor methods between any two divisor methods which have the property that one ‘favours large states’ over the other. It follows from a few sequences’ inequalities of the harmonic, geometric, arithmetic and quadratic means.