LLukas22/scidocs huggingface dataset:
Physical exercise for sleep problems in adults aged 60+.

BACKGROUND
The prevalence of sleep problems in adulthood increases with age. While not all sleep changes are pathological in later life, severe disturbances may lead to depression, cognitive impairments, deterioration of quality of life, significant stresses for carers and increased healthcare costs. The most common treatment for sleep disorders (particularly insomnia) is pharmacological. The efficacy of non-drug interventions has been suggested to be slower than pharmacological methods, but with no risk of drug-related tolerance or dependency. Physical exercise, taken regularly, may promote relaxation and raise core body temperature in ways that are beneficial to initiating and maintaining sleep.


OBJECTIVES
To assess the efficacy of physical exercise amongst older adults (aged 60 and above).


SEARCH STRATEGY
We searched: MEDLINE (1966 - October 2001); EMBASE (1980 - January 2002), CINAHL ( 1982 - January 2002; PsychINFO 1887 to 2002; The Cochrane Library (Issue 1, 2002); National Research Register (NRR [2002]). Bibliographies of existing reviews in the area, as well as of all trial reports obtained, were searched. Experts in the field were consulted.


SELECTION CRITERIA
Randomised controlled trials of physical exercise for primary insomnia where 80% or more of participants were over the age of 60. Participants must have been screened to exclude those with dementia and/or depression.


DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS
Abstracts of studies identified in searches of electronic databases were read and assessed to determine whether they might meet the inclusion criteria. Data were analysed separately depending on whether results had been obtained subjectively or objectively.


MAIN RESULTS
One trial, including 43 participants with insomnia, examined the effectiveness of exercise in a population within an elderly population. At post-treatment, sleep onset latency improved slightly for both men and women. Total sleep duration, sleep onset latency and scores on a scale of global sleep quality showed significant improvement. Improvements in sleep efficiency were not significant. In some cases improvements indicated falls to below what are usually considered pathological levels but the wide confidence intervals and small sample size indicate that these findings must be interpreted with caution.


REVIEWER'S CONCLUSIONS
When the possible side-effects of standard treatment (hypnotics) are considered, there is an argument to be made for clinical use of alternative treatments in the elderly. Exercise, though not appropriate for all in this population, may enhance sleep and contribute to an increased quality of life. Research involving exercise programmes designed with the elderly in mind is needed.
Efficient program tracing

A program trace lists the addresses of instructions executed and data referenced during a program's execution. Earlier approaches to collecting program traces, including abstract execution and optimal control tracing, are reviewed. Two tracing systems based on these techniques are presented. Results collected when using the later systems on several programs show significant reductions in the cost of collecting traces. Reduction in trace file sizes are also significant.<<ETX>>
Schools and Student Achievement : More Evidence from the Milwaukee Parental Choice Program

any states are considering programs that would provide vouchers for (low-income) children to attend private schools because policymakers believe that traditional reforms—such as reducing class sizes—will not fix an educational system that is “broken.” Advocates of vouchers argue that teachers’ unions and bloated bureaucracies impede such reforms from reaching the classroom and increasing student achievement. Furthermore, because children are required to attend their neighborhood school, the system has no incentive to change. Wealthier parents can voice dissatisfaction with their residential school by moving to another neighborhood or enrolling their children in a private school; however, poorer—particularly inner-city—parents cannot. Vouchers would, at a minimum, provide disadvantaged children with more educational options. If the students also received a better education in the private schools, the program might offer a cost-effective way to improve student achievement, at least for those students who use the vouchers. In 1990, Wisconsin became the first state in the nation to implement a publicly funded school voucher program. The Milwaukee Parental Choice Program provides a voucher, worth approximately $4,373 in 1996-97, to low-income students to attend nonsectarian private schools. The program began with seven private schools, although by 1996 the number had risen to twenty.1 At this time, religious schools are not permitted to participate in the program.2 The participating private schools offer a variety of educational approaches, including Montessori and Waldorf, as well as bilingual and African-American cultural emphases. Although the tuition charged by many of the “choice” schools is quite low (ranging from less than $200 to about $4,000), actual expenditures per pupil are generally higher (on the order of $4,000 to $5,000 per pupil in 1996-97).3 The balance of the revenues comes from grants, donations, and fund-raising by parents. In M
Ontology based Scene Creation for the Development of Automated Vehicles

The introduction of automated vehicles without permanent human supervision demands a functional system description, including functional system boundaries and a comprehensive safety analysis. These inputs to the technical development can be identified and analyzed by a scenario-based approach. Furthermore, to establish an economical test and release process, a large number of scenarios must be identified to obtain meaningful test results. Experts are doing well to identify scenarios that are difficult to handle or unlikely to happen. However, experts are unlikely to identify all scenarios possible based on the knowledge they have on hand. Expert knowledge modeled for computer aided processing may help for the purpose of providing a wide range of scenarios. This contribution reviews ontologies as knowledge-based systems in the field of automated vehicles, and proposes a generation of traffic scenes in natural language as a basis for a scenario creation.
Mechatronics and management

How mechatronics so management have basically integral form process partition leading to replenishing needs customers in manufacturing institutions and services of all kinds (including social services). Mechatronics is technical and technological synonyms modern trends and management is necessary on effective working. In paper will indicate some way commonality these on the face of it different discipline.
Exceptionally high conservation of the MHC class I-related gene, MR1, among mammals

The major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I-related gene, MR1, is a non-classical MHC class IA gene and is encoded outside the MHC region. The MR1 is responsible for activation of mucosal-associated invariant T (MAIT) cells expressing semi-invariant T cell receptors in the presence of bacteria, but its ligand has not been identified. A unique characteristic of MR1 is its high evolutionary conservation of the α1 and α2 domains corresponding to the peptide-binding domains of classical MHC class I molecules, showing about 90 % amino acid identity between human and mouse. To clarify the evolutionary history of MR1 and identify more critically conserved residues for the function of MR1, we searched for the MR1 gene using jawed vertebrate genome databases and isolated the MR1 cDNA sequences of marsupials (opossum and wallaby). A comparative genomic analysis indicated that MR1 is only present in placental and marsupial mammals and that the gene organization around MR1 is well conserved among analyzed jawed vertebrates. Moreover, the α1 and α2 domains, especially in amino acid residues presumably shaping a ligand-binding groove, were also highly conserved between placental and marsupial MR1. These findings suggest that the MR1 gene might have been established at its present location in a common ancestor of placental and marsupial mammals and that the shape of the putative ligand-binding groove in MR1 has been maintained, probably for presenting highly conserved component(s) of microbes to MAIT cells.
Lyapunov-Based Adaptive State of Charge and State of Health Estimation for Lithium-Ion Batteries

This paper presents an adaptive state of charge (SOC) and state of health (SOH) estimation technique for lithium-ion batteries. The adaptive strategy estimates online parameters of the battery model using a Lyapunov-based adaptation law. Therefore, the adaptive observer stability is guaranteed by Lyapunov's direct method. Since no a priori knowledge of battery parameters is required, accurate estimation is still achieved, although parameters change due to aging or other factors. Unlike other estimation strategies, only battery terminal voltage and current measurements are required. Simulation and experimental results highlight the high SOC and SOH accuracy estimation of the proposed technique.
Designing interfaces to support collaboration in information retrieval

Abstract Information retrieval systems should acknowledge the existence of collaboration in the search process. Collaboration can help users to be more effective in both learning systems and in using them. We consider how to build systems that more actively support collaboration. We describe a system that embodies just one kind of explicit support; a graphical representation of the search process that can be manipulated and discussed by users. A consideration of this system leads to an analysis of designing systems to support coping behaviour by users; including the need to support both help-giving by people, and recovery from the failure of intelligent agents. We also discuss the idea of interfaces as notations for supporting dialogues between people.
Revealing the buried penis in adults.

INTRODUCTION
Several surgical solutions have been proposed for resolving penile concealment with successful outcomes. Those include liposuction, adhesiolysis, and suprapubic lipectomy through the abdominal crease. Nevertheless, some limitations exist and compromise the results of surgical correction.


AIM
This work presents our technique for revealing the hidden penis, addressing the limitations of existing methods for surgical correction.


METHODS
Sixty-four adult males with buried penis were operated upon. The penis was revealed by the combination of adhesiolysis, suprapubic and lateral lipectomy, anchoring the penoscrotal and penopubic junctions, and skin coverage by a local flap.


MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES
Penile length in the flaccid and erect states.


RESULTS
Average postoperative length in the flaccid state was approximately 7 cm +/- 1.3 (a 293% increase) and in the erect state was 18.4 cm +/- 2.9 (185.7% increase), compared with preoperative length of 1.8 cm +/- 0.4 in the flaccid state and 6.4 cm +/- 1.6 in the erect state. Minor complications occurred. There was no deterioration in sexual function.


CONCLUSION
Revealing the concealed penis is a complicated procedure. The outcome may be improved by implementing a radical approach to tissue excision, providing adequate skin coverage, and anchoring the penile shaft, skin, and subcutaneous tissues in the revealed state to prevent relapse.
Prisons Do Not Reduce Recidivism The High Cost of Ignoring Science

One of the major justifications for the rise of mass incarceration in the United States is that placing offenders behind bars reduces recidivism by teaching them that “crime does not pay.” This rationale is based on the view that custodial sanctions are uniquely painful and thus exact a higher cost than noncustodial sanctions. An alternative position, developed mainly by criminologists, is that imprisonment is not simply a “cost” but also a social experience that deepens illegal involvement. Using an evidence-based approach, we conclude that there is little evidence that prisons reduce recidivism and at least some evidence to suggest that they have a criminogenic effect. The policy implications of this finding are significant, for it means that beyond crime saved through incapacitation, the use of custodial sanctions may have the unanticipated consequence of making society less safe.
Membrane Selection and ISFET Configuration Evaluation for Soil Nitrate Sensing

Successful implementation of site-specific crop management relies on accurate quantification of spatial variation of important factors. Data collection on a finer spatial resolution than is feasible with manual and/or laboratory methods is often required but cost prohibitive. Therefore, there is a need for the development of sensors to more accurately characterize within-field variability. The objective of this research was to investigate matrix membranes produced from different combinations of ligand and plasticizer materials using ionselective electrode (ISE) technology, and to use selected membranes to develop a nitrate ion-selective field effect transistor (ISFET) which might be integrated with a flow injection analysis (FIA) system for real-time soil analysis. Several ion-selective membranes were tested, and all of the evaluated membranes proved to be viable candidates for the development of a nitrate ISFET. Membranes using methyltridodecylammonium chloride (MTDA) as the ligand showed a better response to nitrates at low concentrations while those using tetradodecylammonium nitrate (TDDA) ligand showed superior selectivity for the nitrate ion. A multiISFET nitrate sensor was successfully developed. The electrical responses of the ISFETs were consistent and predictable. While significant difficulty was found in preparing a multi-ISFET chip with all four sensors operational, once prepared, the multi-ISFET chips were reliable and performed through extensive tests without failure. The sensitivities of the nitrate ISFETs (38-46 mV/decade) were lower than the theoretical Nernst sensitivity. The nitrate ISFETs proved to be viable sensors for the development of a real-time soil nitrate analysis system, under the conditions of our tests.
Building new housing in remote Indigenous communities

SOCIAL AND ECONOMIC BENEFITS CAN ACCOMPANY CAPITAL INVESTMENT IN HOUSING AND INFRASTRUCTURE. THESE ARE MORE LIKELY TO BE REALISED WHEN CONTRACTING METHODS FOR HOUSING PROCUREMENT ARE ALIGNED TO COMMUNITY NEEDS. ALLIANCE CONTRACTING, WHERE RISKS ARE SHARED, CAN SUPPORT INNOVATION IN THE PROCUREMENT SYSTEM TO ACHIEVE ADDITIONAL SOCIAL AND ECONOMIC BENEFITS.
Face Detection in the Near-IR Spectrum

* To whom all correspondence should be addressed. Abstract Face detection is an important prerequisite step for successful face recognition. The performance of previous face detection methods reported in the literature is far from perfect and deteriorates ungracefully where lighting conditions cannot be controlled. We propose a method that outperforms state-of-the-art face detection methods in environments with stable lighting. In addition, our method can potentially perform well in environments with variable lighting conditions. The approach capitalizes upon our near-IR skin detection method reported elsewhere [13][14]. It ascertains the existence of a face within the skin region by finding the eyes and eyebrows. The eyeeyebrow pairs are determined by extracting appropriate features from multiple near-IR bands. Very successful feature extraction is achieved by simple algorithmic means like integral projections and template matching. This is because processing is constrained in the skin region and aided by the near-IR phenomenology. The effectiveness of our method is substantiated by comparative experimental results with the Identix face detector [5].
The lncRNA CRNDE promotes colorectal cancer cell proliferation and chemoresistance via miR-181a-5p-mediated regulation of Wnt/β-catenin signaling

With more than 600,000 mortalities each year, colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most commonly diagnosed type of cancer worldwide. Recently, mechanisms involving noncoding RNAs have been implicated in the development of CRC. We examined expression levels of lncRNA CRNDE and miR-181a-5p in 64 cases of CRC tissues and cell lines by qRT-PCR. Gain-of-function and loss-of-function assays were performed to examine the effect of CRNDE and miR-181a-5p on proliferation and chemoresistance of CRC cells. Using fluorescence reporter and western blot assays, we also explored the possible mechanisms of CRNDE in CRC cells. In this study, we found that the expression levels of the CRNDE were upregulated in CRC clinical tissue samples. We identified microRNA miR-181a-5p as an inhibitory target of CRNDE. Both CRNDE knockdown and miR-181a-5p overexpression in CRC cell lines led to inhibited cell proliferation and reduced chemoresistance. We also determined that β-catenin and TCF4 were inhibitory targets of miR-181a-5p, and that Wnt/β-catenin signaling was inhibited by both CRNDE knockdown and miR-181a-5p overexpression. Significantly, we found that the repression of cell proliferation, the reduction of chemoresistance, and the inhibition of Wnt/β-catenin signaling induced by CRNDE knockdown would require the increased expression of miR-181a-5p. Our study demonstrated that the lncRNA CRNDE could regulate the progression and chemoresistance of CRC via modulating the expression levels of miR-181a-5p and the activity of Wnt/β-catenin signaling.
Socioeconomic differences in attitudes and beliefs about healthy lifestyles.

STUDY OBJECTIVE
s: The factors underlying socioeconomic status differences in smoking, leisure time physical activity, and dietary choice are poorly understood. This study investigated attitudes and beliefs that might underlie behavioural choices, including health locus of control, future salience, subjective life expectancy, and health consciousness, in a nationally representative sample.


DESIGN
Data were collected as part of the monthly Omnibus survey of the Office of National Statistics in Britain.


PARTICIPANTS
A stratified, probability sample of 2728 households was selected by random sampling of addresses. One adult from each household was interviewed.


MAIN RESULTS
Higher SES respondents were less likely to smoke and more likely to exercise and eat fruit and vegetables daily. Lower SES was associated with less health consciousness (thinking about things to do to keep healthy), stronger beliefs in the influence of chance on health, less thinking about the future, and lower life expectancies. These attitudinal factors were in turn associated with unhealthy behavioural choices, independently of age, sex, and self rated health.


CONCLUSIONS
Socioeconomic differences in healthy lifestyles are associated with differences in attitudes to health that may themselves arise through variations in life opportunities and exposure to material hardship and ill health over the life course.
Incremental updating approximations in probabilistic rough sets under the variation of attributes

The attribute set in an information system evolves in time when new information arrives. Both lower and upper approximations of a concept will change dynamically when attributes vary. Inspired by the former incremental algorithm in Pawlak rough sets, this paper focuses on new strategies of dynamically updating approximations in probabilistic rough sets and investigates four propositions of updating approximations under probabilistic rough sets. Two incremental algorithms based on adding attributes and deleting attributes under probabilistic rough sets are proposed, respectively. The experiments on five data sets from UCI and a genome data with thousand attributes validate the feasibility of the proposed incremental approaches. 2014 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
The benefits of a simplified method for CPR training of medical professionals: a randomized controlled study.

OBJECTIVES
We developed and tested a training method for basic life support incorporating defibrillator feedback during simulated cardiac arrest (CA) to determine the impact on the quality and retention of CPR skills.


METHODS
298 subjects were randomized into 3 groups. All groups received a 2h training session followed by a simulated CA test scenario, immediately after training and at 3 months. Controls used a non-feedback defibrillator during training and testing. Group 1 was trained and tested with an audiovisual feedback defibrillator. During training, Group 1 reviewed quantitative CPR data from the defibrillator. Group 2 was trained as per Group 1, but was tested using the non-feedback defibrillator. The primary outcome was difference in compression depth between groups at initial testing. Secondary outcomes included differences in rate, depth at retesting, compression fraction, and self-assessment.


RESULTS
Groups 1 and 2 had significantly deeper compressions than the controls (35.3 ± 7.6 mm, 43.7 ± 5.8 mm, 42.2 ± 6.6 mm for controls, Groups 1 and 2, P=0.001 for Group 1 vs. controls; P=0.001 for Group 2 vs. controls). At three months, CPR depth was maintained in all groups but remained significantly higher in Group 1 (39.1 ± 9.9 mm, 47.0 ± 7.4 mm, 42.2 ± 8.4 mm for controls, Groups 1 and 2, P=0.001 for Group 1 vs. control). No significant differences were noted between groups in compression rate or fraction.


CONCLUSIONS
A simplified 2h training method using audiovisual feedback combined with quantitative review of CPR performance improved CPR quality and retention of these skills.
Pelvic MRI in children with Crohn disease and suspected perianal involvement

MRI is an important imaging tool in evaluation of adult and pediatric patients with Crohn disease. Pelvic MRI, in particular, has become the method of choice to evaluate for perianal fistulas and associated complications of Crohn disease. MRI can define the extent and location of perianal fistulas and abscesses, as well as provide critical information for operative management. In this pictorial essay, we describe useful MRI techniques for evaluation of perianal complications in pediatric patients with Crohn disease. We review pertinent anatomy and illustrate typical examples of perianal fistulas with and without abscess. We show one case of clinically suspected perianal fistula that was actually a pilonidal sinus.