LLukas22/scidocs huggingface dataset:
Analysis of ldh genes in Lactobacillus casei BL23: role on lactic acid production

Lactobacillus casei is a lactic acid bacterium that produces l-lactate as the main product of sugar fermentation via l-lactate dehydrogenase (Ldh1) activity. In addition, small amounts of the d-lactate isomer are produced by the activity of a d-hydroxycaproate dehydrogenase (HicD). Ldh1 is the main l-lactate producing enzyme, but mutation of its gene does not eliminate l-lactate synthesis. A survey of the L. casei BL23 draft genome sequence revealed the presence of three additional genes encoding Ldh paralogs. In order to study the contribution of these genes to the global lactate production in this organism, individual, as well as double mutants (ldh1 ldh2, ldh1 ldh3, ldh1 ldh4 and ldh1 hicD) were constructed and lactic acid production was assessed in culture supernatants. ldh2, ldh3 and ldh4 genes play a minor role in lactate production, as their single mutation or a mutation in combination with an ldh1 deletion had a low impact on l-lactate synthesis. A Δldh1 mutant displayed an increased production of d-lactate, which was probably synthesized via the activity of HicD, as it was abolished in a Δldh1 hicD double mutant. Contrarily to HicD, no Ldh1, Ldh2, Ldh3 or Ldh4 activities could be detected by zymogram assays. In addition, these assays revealed the presence of extra bands exhibiting d-/l-lactate dehydrogenase activity, which could not be attributed to any of the described genes. These results suggest that L. casei BL23 possesses a complex enzymatic system able to reduce pyruvic to lactic acid.
Emotion regulation: concepts & practice in autism spectrum disorder.

The purpose of this article is to describe emotion regulation, and how emotion regulation may be compromised in patients with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). This information may be useful for clinicians working with children with ASD who exhibit behavioral problems. Suggestions for practice are provided.
Reimagining Greek Tragedy on the American Stage

List of Illustrations Preface Introduction CHAPTER ONE. Greek Tragedy Finds an American Audience 1. Setting the Stage 2. American Theater Makes Greek Tragedy Its Own CHAPTER TWO. Making Total Theater in America: Choreography and Music 1. Hellenic Influences on the Development of American Modern Dance 2. American Gesamtkunstwerke 3. Musical Theater 4. Visual Choreography in Robert Wilson's Alcestis CHAPTER THREE. Democratizing Greek Tragedy 1. Antigone and Politics in the Nineteenth Century: The Boston 1890 Antigone 2. Performance Groups in the 1960s--1970s: Brecht's Antigone by The Living Theatre 3. The 1980s and Beyond: Peter Sellars's Persians, Ajax, and Children of Heracles 4. Aeschylus's Prometheus Bound in the United States: From the Threat of Apocalypse to Communal Reconciliation CHAPTER FOUR. Reenvisioning the Hero: American Oedipus 1. Oedipus as Scapegoat 2. Plagues 3. Theban Cycles 4. Deconstructing Fatality 5. Abandonment CHAPTER FIVE. Reimagining Medea as American Other 1. Setting the Stage: Nineteenth-Century Medea 2. Medea as Social Critic from the Mid-1930s to the Late 1940s 3. Medea as Ethnic Other from the 1970s to the Present 4. Medea's Divided Self: Drag and Cross-Dressed Performances Epilogue Appendix A. Professional Productions and New Versions of Sophocles' and Euripides' Electras Appendix B. Professional Productions and New Versions of Antigone Appendix C. Professional Productions and New Versions of Aeschylus's Persians, Sophocles' Ajax, and Aeschylus's Prometheus Bound Appendix D. Professional Productions and New Versions of Oedipus Tyrannus Appendix E. Professional Productions and New Versions of Euripides' Medea Appendix F. Professional Productions and New Versions of Euripides' Iphigeneia in Aulis and Iphigeneia in Tauris Appendix G. Other Professional Productions and New Versions Notes References Index
Forecasting Fraudulent Financial Statements using Data Mining

This paper explores the effectiveness of machine learning techniques in detecting firms that issue fraudulent financial statements (FFS) and deals with the identification of factors associated to FFS. To this end, a number of experiments have been conducted using representative learning algorithms, which were trained using a data set of 164 fraud and non-fraud Greek firms in the recent period 2001-2002. The decision of which particular method to choose is a complicated problem. A good alternative to choosing only one method is to create a hybrid forecasting system incorporating a number of possible solution methods as components (an ensemble of classifiers). For this purpose, we have implemented a hybrid decision support system that combines the representative algorithms using a stacking variant methodology and achieves better performance than any examined simple and ensemble method. To sum up, this study indicates that the investigation of financial information can be used in the identification of FFS and underline the importance of financial ratios. Keywords—Machine learning, stacking, classifier.
Challenges in Learning Preclinical Prosthodontics: A Survey of Perceptions of Dental Undergraduates and Teaching Faculty at an Indian Dental School.

INTRODUCTION
Preclinical dental education promotes development of competency and expertise before students work on patients, but this phase is devoid of exposure to real patients leading to challenges in teaching-learning.


AIM
The aim of this study was to explore the challenges faced by students during the process of learning preclinical prosthodontics.


MATERIALS AND METHODS
Two Focus Group Discussions (FGDs) were conducted with two different groups of students and one FGD was held with prosthodontics faculty. The FGDs explored the student's and faculty perceptions on the topics which were difficult for the students to understand and their suggestions on how these topics can be made easier to understand. The discussions were audio taped with prior consent and transcribed.


RESULTS
The students and the faculty felt that the subject of prosthodontics is vast, difficult to visualize and also difficult to correlate theory with practical aspects. Lack of clinical exposure coupled with use of conventional methods of teaching were identified as reasons for difficulty in understanding the subject. Both students and faculty members suggested that use of simulation, demonstrations, and videos could augment the learning process for the students. Early clinical exposure will help solve many problems encountered during learning and contribute to a better understanding.


CONCLUSION
The students and faculty expressed a "need" for early clinical exposure to enhance the learner's understanding of the preclinical aspects of the subject. The present study highlights the need for change in instruction methods to enhance the learning experiences in preclinical prosthodontics of dental undergraduate students in India.
Prognostic significance of serum creatinine and its change patterns in patients with acute coronary syndromes.

BACKGROUND
In acute coronary syndromes (ACS), serum creatinine (sCr) levels have short- and long-term prognostic value. However, it is possible that repeated evaluations of sCr during hospitalization, rather than measuring sCr value at admission only, might improve risk assessment. We investigated the relationship between sCr baseline value, its changes, and in-hospital mortality in patients hospitalized with ACS.


METHODS
In 2,756 ACS patients, sCr was measured at hospital admission and then daily, until discharge from coronary care unit. Patients were grouped according to the maximum sCr change observed: <0.3 mg/dL change from baseline (stable renal function [SRF] group), ≥0.3 mg/dL decrease (improved renal function [IRF] group), and ≥0.3 mg/dL increase (worsening renal function [WRF] group).


RESULTS
Of the 2,756 patients, 2,163 (78%) had SRF, 292 (11%) had IRF, and 301 (11%) had WRF. In-hospital mortality in the 3 groups was 0.5%, 2%, and 14% (P < .001), respectively. Peak sCr value was a more powerful predictor of mortality (area under the curve 0.86, 95% CI 0.81-0.92) than the initial sCr value (area under the curve 0.69, 95% CI 0.63-0.77; P < .001). When sCr and its change patterns during coronary care unit stay were evaluated together, improved mortality risk stratification was found.


CONCLUSIONS
In ACS patients, daily sCr value and its change pattern are stronger predictors of in-hospital mortality than the initial sCr value only; thus, their combined evaluation provides a more accurate and dynamic stratification of patients' risk. Finally, the intermediate mortality risk of IRF patients possibly reflects acute kidney injury started before hospitalization.
Imbalance Learning-based Framework for Fear Recognition in the MediaEval Emotional Impact of Movies Task

Fear recognition, which aims at predicting whether a movie segment can induce fear or not, is a promising area in movie emotion recognition. Research in this area, however, has reached a bottleneck. Difficulties may partly result from the imbalanced database. In this paper, we propose an imbalance learning-based framework for movie fear recognition. A data rebalance module is adopted before classification. Several sampling methods, including the proposed softsampling and hardsampling which combine the merits of both undersampling and oversampling, are explored in this module. Experiments are conducted on the MediaEval 2017 Emotional Impact of Movies Task. Compared with the current state-of-the-art, we achieve an improvement of 8.94% on F1, proving the effectiveness of proposed framework.
A combined early cognitive and physical rehabilitation program for people who are critically ill: the activity and cognitive therapy in the intensive care unit (ACT-ICU) trial.

BACKGROUND
In the coming years, the number of survivors of critical illness is expected to increase. These survivors frequently develop newly acquired physical and cognitive impairments. Long-term cognitive impairment is common following critical illness and has dramatic effects on patients' abilities to function autonomously. Neuromuscular weakness affects similar proportions of patients and leads to equally profound life alterations. As knowledge of these short-term and long-term consequences of critical illness has come to light, interventions to prevent and rehabilitate these devastating consequences have been sought. Physical rehabilitation has been shown to improve functional outcomes in people who are critically ill, but subsequent studies of physical rehabilitation after hospital discharge have not. Post-hospital discharge cognitive rehabilitation is feasible in survivors of critical illness and is commonly used in people with other forms of acquired brain injury. The feasibility of early cognitive therapy in people who are critically ill remains unknown.


OBJECTIVE
The purpose of this novel protocol trial will be to determine the feasibility of early and sustained cognitive rehabilitation paired with physical rehabilitation in patients who are critically ill from medical and surgical intensive care units.


DESIGN
This is a randomized controlled trial.


SETTING
The setting for this trial will be medical and surgical intensive care units of a large tertiary care referral center.


PATIENTS
The participants will be patients who are critically ill with respiratory failure or shock.


INTERVENTION
Patients will be randomized to groups receiving usual care, physical rehabilitation, or cognitive rehabilitation plus physical rehabilitation. Twice-daily cognitive rehabilitation sessions will be performed with patients who are noncomatose and will consist of orientation, memory, and attention exercises (eg, forward and reverse digit spans, matrix puzzles, letter-number sequences, pattern recognition). Daily physical rehabilitation sessions will advance patients from passive range of motion exercises through ambulation. Patients with cognitive or physical impairment at discharge will undergo a 12-week, in-home cognitive rehabilitation program.


MEASUREMENTS
A battery of neurocognitive and functional outcomes will be measured 3 and 12 months after hospital discharge.


CONCLUSIONS
If feasible, these interventions will lay the groundwork for a larger, multicenter trial to determine their efficacy.
Will Cybersecurity Dictate the Outcome of Future Wars?

A recent workshop envisions the impacts that information and communications technology advances will have on warfare by 2050 and the challenges these pose for command and control.
Screening Prototype Features in Terms of Intuitive Use: Design Considerations and Proof of Concept

Graphical interface use involves schemata operations that range from transfer to induction. The former apply existing knowledge, such as prior schemata, and are effortless, preconscious and intuitive. The latter, which consist in constructing new schemata, are resource-consuming and thus detrimental to intuitive use (IV). A quantitative method is proposed to manipulate and screen schemata operations at the level of an interface's states and features. Relevance for the design cycle of innovative interfaces is critically reviewed, and integration with existing intuitive-use design frameworks is proposed. These considerations are built upon instructional design studies suggesting that assessment should precede and inform the application of design techniques geared toward IV.
ShoVAT: Shodan-based vulnerability assessment tool for Internet-facing services

Shodan has been acknowledged as one of the most popular search engines available today, designed to crawl the Internet and to index discovered services. This paper expands the features exposed by Shodan with advanced vulnerability assessment capabilities embedded into a novel tool called ShoVAT. ShoVAT takes the output of traditional Shodan queries and performs an in-depth analysis of service-specific data, i.e., service banners. It embodies specially crafted algorithms which rely on novel in-memory data structures to automatically reconstruct Common Platform Enumeration (CPE) names and to proficiently extract vulnerabilities from National Vulnerability Database (NVD). Compared to the state-of-the-art, ShoVAT brings several novel and significant contributions, since it encompasses automated vulnerability identification techniques, it can return highly accurate results with customized and even purposefully modified service banners, and it supports historical service vulnerability analysis without the need to deploy additional monitoring infrastructures. Experiments performed on 1501 services in twelve different institutions across different sectors revealed high accuracy of results and a total of 3922 known vulnerabilities. This is the accepted version of the following article: B. Genge and C. Enăchescu: ShoVAT: Shodan-based vulnerability assessment tool for Internet-facing services. Security and communication networks, Wiley, 2015, DOI: DOI: 10.1002/sec.1262, available online here: http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/sec.1262/abstract. SECURITY AND COMMUNICATION NETWORKS Security Comm. Networks 2014; 00:1–18
Genre Classification using Machine Learning Techniques

Categorizing music files according to their genre is a challenging task in the area of music information retrieval (MIR). In this study, we compare the performance of two classes of models. The first is a deep learning approach wherein a CNN model is trained end-to-end, to predict the genre label of an audio signal, solely using its spectrogram. The second approach utilizes hand-crafted features, both from the time domain and frequency domain. We train four traditional machine learning classifiers with these features and compare their performance. The features that contribute the most towards this classification task are identified. The experiments are conducted on the Audio set data set and we report an AUC value of 0.894 for an ensemble classifier which combines the two proposed approaches.1
Don’t miss patients with atypical FMR1 mutations: dysmorphism and clinical features in a boy with a partially methylated FMR1 full mutation

Fragile X syndrome characterized by intellectual disability (ID), facial dysmorphism, and postpubertal macroorchidism is the most common monogenic cause of ID. It is typically induced by an expansion of a CGG repeat in the fragile X mental retardation 1 (FMR1) gene on Xq27 to more than 200 repeats. Only rarely patients have atypical mutations in the FMR1 gene such as point mutations, deletions, or unmethylated/partially methylated full mutations. Most of these patients show a minor phenotype or even appear clinically healthy. Here, we report the dysmorphism and clinical features of a 17-year-old boy with a partially methylated full mutation of approximately 250 repeats. Diagnosis was made subsequently to the evaluation of a FMR1 premutation as the cause for maternal premature ovarian failure. Dysmorphic evaluation revealed no strikingly long face, no prominent forehead/frontal bossing, no prominent mandible, no macroorchidism, and a head circumference in the lower normal range. Acquisition of a driving license for mopeds and unaccompanied rides by public transport in his home province indicate rather mild ID (IQ = 58). Conclusion: This adolescent demonstrates that apart from only minor ID, patients with a partially methylated FMR1 full mutation present less to absent pathognomonic facial dysmorphism, thus emphasizing the impact of family history for a straightforward clinical diagnosis.
Cognitive behavioural treatment for women who have menopausal symptoms after breast cancer treatment (MENOS 1): a randomised controlled trial

BACKGROUND
Hot flushes and night sweats (HFNS) affect 65-85% of women after breast cancer treatment; they are distressing, causing sleep problems and decreased quality of life. Hormone replacement therapy is often either undesirable or contraindicated. Safe, effective non-hormonal treatments are needed. We investigated whether cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) can help breast cancer survivors to effectively manage HFNS.


METHODS
In this randomised controlled trial, we recruited women from breast clinics in London, UK, who had problematic HFNS (minimum ten problematic episodes a week) after breast-cancer treatment. Participants were randomly allocated to receive either usual care or usual care plus group CBT (1:1). Randomisation was done in blocks of 12-20 participants, stratifying by age (younger than 50 years, 50 years or older), and was done with a computer-generated sequence. The trial statistician and researchers collecting outcome measures were masked to group allocation. Group CBT comprised one 90 min session a week for 6 weeks, and included psycho-education, paced breathing, and cognitive and behavioural strategies to manage HFNS. Assessments were done at baseline, 9 weeks, and 26 weeks after randomisation. The primary outcome was the adjusted mean difference in HFNS problem rating (1-10) between CBT and usual care groups at 9 weeks after randomisation. Analysis of the primary endpoint was done by modified intention to treat. The trial is registered, ISRCTN13771934, and was closed March 15, 2011.


FINDINGS
Between May 5, 2009, and Aug 27, 2010, 96 women were randomly allocated to group CBT (n=47) or usual care (n=49). Group CBT significantly reduced HFNS problem rating at 9 weeks after randomisation compared with usual care (mean difference -1·67, 95% CI -2·43 to -0·91; p<0·0001) and improvements were maintained at 26 weeks (mean difference -1·76, -2·54 to -0·99; p<0·0001). We recorded no CBT-related adverse events.


INTERPRETATION
Group CBT seems to be a safe and effective treatment for women who have problematic HFNS after breast cancer treatment with additional benefits to mood, sleep, and quality of life. The treatment could be incorporated into breast cancer survivorship programmes and delivered by trained breast cancer nurses.


FUNDING
Cancer Research UK.
Positive effects of electronic patient records on three clinical activities

PURPOSE
To investigate the effects of a fully functional electronic patient record (EPR) system on clinicians' work during team conferences, ward rounds, and nursing handovers.


METHOD
In collaboration with clinicians an EPR system was configured for a stroke unit and in trial use for 5 days, 24h a day. During the trial period the EPR system was used by all clinicians at the stroke unit and it replaced all paper records. The EPR system simulated a fully integrated clinical-process EPR where the clinicians experienced the system as if all transactions were IT supported. Such systems are not to be expected to be in operational use in Denmark until at least 2 years from now. The EPR system was evaluated with respect to its effects on clinicians' mental workload, overview, and need for exchanging information. Effects were measured by comparing the use of electronic records with the use of paper records prior to the trial period. The data comprise measurements from 11 team conferences, 7 ward rounds, and 10 nursing handovers.


RESULTS
During team conferences the clinicians experienced a reduction on five of six subscales of mental workload, and the physicians experienced an overall reduction in mental workload. The physician in charge also experienced increased clarity about the importance of and responsibilities for work tasks, and reduced mental workload during ward rounds. During nursing handovers the nurses experienced fewer missing pieces of information and fewer messages to pass on after the handover. Further, the status of the nursing plans for each patient was clearer for all nurses at the nursing handovers except the nurse team leader, who experienced less clarity about the status of the plans.


CONCLUSION
The clinicians experienced positive effects of electronic records over paper records for the three clinical activities involved in the evaluation. This is important in its own right and likely to affect clinicians' acceptance of EPR systems, their command of their work, and consequently the attainment of 'downstream' effects on patient outcomes.