LLukas22/scidocs huggingface dataset:
High prevalence of nausea in children with pain-associated functional gastrointestinal disorders: are Rome criteria applicable?

OBJECTIVES
The aim of the study was to determine the prevalence of nausea in pediatric patients with pain-associated functional gastrointestinal disorders (FGIDs), examine the effect on social and school functioning, and examine the applicability of pediatric Rome III criteria.


METHODS
A total of 221 pediatric patients (6-18 years of age) with chronic abdominal pain prospectively completed a demographic, history, and gastrointestinal symptom questionnaire adapted from the Questionnaire on Pediatric Gastrointestinal Symptoms (QPGS). The 6-item, revised Pediatric Migraine Disability Assessment Score tool was used to assess the effect of symptoms on school, home, and social disability. Rome III criteria were applied to all subjects.


RESULTS
A total of 183 patients with pain and nausea for a minimum of 2 months were identified. Ninety-six patients were studied after excluding those with vomiting and/or organic disease. Among these, 53% had nausea at least 2 times per week and 28% experienced daily nausea. Frequency of nausea was significantly correlated with poor school and social functioning, and uniquely predicted social disability beyond pain. Although 87% met adult Rome criteria for functional dyspepsia, only 29% met corresponding pediatric Rome criteria. Additionally, 22% met the criteria for irritable bowel syndrome (IBS)-diarrhea, 13% for IBS-constipation, 13% for abdominal migraine, and 31% were classified as having functional abdominal pain. Pediatric IBS-diarrhea and IBS-constipation overlapped in 5% of patients.


CONCLUSIONS
Nausea is a prevalent symptom in patients with pain-associated FGIDs and correlates with poor school and social functioning. There is substantial overlap among FGIDs in children with nausea.
A Cognitive Model for Alert Correlation in a Distributed Environment

The area of alert fusion for strengthening information assurance in systems is a promising research area that has recently begun to attract attention. Increased demands for “more trustworthy” systems and the fact that a single sensor cannot detect all types of misuse/anomalies have prompted most modern information systems deployed in distributed environments to employ multiple, diverse sensors. Therefore, the outputs of the sensors must be fused in an effective and intelligent manner in order to provide an overall view of the status of such systems. A unified architecture for intelligent alert fusion will essentially combine alert prioritization, alert clustering and alert correlation. In this paper, we address the alert correlation aspect of sensor data fusion in distributed environments. A causal knowledge based inference technique with fuzzy cognitive modeling is used to correlate alerts by discovering causal relationships in alert data.
Area-Efficient and Low-Leakage Diode String for On-Chip ESD Protection

Diode string was used as the effective on-chip electrostatic discharge (ESD) protection device. To reduce the leakage current and the layout area, an area-efficient and low-leakage diode string is proposed in this paper. The standard steps of P- implantation and silicide blocking in CMOS process are used in this design to realize the proposed diode string with stacked P-/N+ diodes. The test devices of the proposed design have successfully been verified in the silicon chip. With the high ESD robustness, low leakage current, and small layout area, the proposed diode string can be a better solution for on-chip ESD protection applications.
Extracting information from textual documents in the electronic health record: a review of recent research.

OBJECTIVES
We examine recent published research on the extraction of information from textual documents in the Electronic Health Record (EHR).


METHODS
Literature review of the research published after 1995, based on PubMed, conference proceedings, and the ACM Digital Library, as well as on relevant publications referenced in papers already included.


RESULTS
174 publications were selected and are discussed in this review in terms of methods used, pre-processing of textual documents, contextual features detection and analysis, extraction of information in general, extraction of codes and of information for decision-support and enrichment of the EHR, information extraction for surveillance, research, automated terminology management, and data mining, and de-identification of clinical text.


CONCLUSIONS
Performance of information extraction systems with clinical text has improved since the last systematic review in 1995, but they are still rarely applied outside of the laboratory they have been developed in. Competitive challenges for information extraction from clinical text, along with the availability of annotated clinical text corpora, and further improvements in system performance are important factors to stimulate advances in this field and to increase the acceptance and usage of these systems in concrete clinical and biomedical research contexts.
Self-reported injuries among seafarers. Questionnaire validity and results from an international study.

International surveys of occupational injuries among seafarers have so far been missing. It was the aim to test the method of self-report of injuries and length of time at risk during the latest duty period and second to study the injury incidence rate among seafarers by use of the method. A pilot study was conducted (n = 1068) in Finland, Denmark, the Philippines, Croatia and Spain using self-completed questionnaires with questions about the person, the ship, the duration of latest duty period and injuries. The duration of the self-reporting duty period was in the Danish part compared with information from the crew register of the Maritime Authority. For seafarers from merchant ships in the Danish sub-study there was acceptable correspondence between the information from the seafarers and the Maritime Authority, but not when referring to ferries and non-specified types of ship. Unadjusted and adjusted injury incidence rates-ratios (IRRs) based on number of injuries per number of work hours were calculated. Adjusted IRRs for ordinary seamen/officers: IRR = 2.43 (95% CI: 1.25-4.72); for age < 35/35+ years: IRR = 1.97 (1.02-3.81); length of tour: 117 days or longer compared with < 117 days: IRR = 0.46 (95% CI: 0.22-0.95); 57-70 working hours per week compared with < 57 h: IRR = 1.26 (0.48-3.29), 71+h compared with < 57 h: IRR = 2.12 (0.84-5.36). Non-significant IRRs >1.00 were found for ships under 10,000 GT compared with larger ships and for own flagged ships compared with ships under flag of convenience. In conclusion, more than 70 h of work per week was related to a higher rate of injuries for seafarers on merchant ships, but the result was not statistically significant. Self-report of the duration of the latest tour of duty is useful for seafarers from merchant ships with short-term employments, but not for ferries and other, non-specified types of ship with other or permanent employment.
Question answering from the web using knowledge annotation and knowledge mining techniques

We present a strategy for answering fact-based natural language questions that is guided by a characterization of real-world user queries. Our approach, implemented in a system called Aranea, extracts answers from the Web using two different techniques: knowledge annotation and knowledge mining. Knowledge annotation is an approach to answering large classes of frequently occurring questions by utilizing semi\-structured and structured Web sources. Knowledge mining is a statistical approach that leverages massive amounts of Web data to overcome many natural language processing challenges. We have integrated these two different paradigms into a question answering system capable of providing users with concise answers that directly address their information needs.
Robust performance degradation assessment methods for enhanced rolling element bearing prognostics

Bearing failure is one of the foremost causes of breakdowns in rotating machinery and such failure can be catastrophic, resulting in costly downtime. One of the key issues in bearing prognostics is to detect the defect at its incipient stage and alert the operator before it develops into a catastrophic failure. Signal de-noising and extraction of the weak signature are crucial to bearing prognostics since the inherent deficiency of the measuring mechanism often introduces a great amount of noise to the signal. In addition, the signature of a defective bearing is spread across a wide frequency band and hence can easily become masked by noise and low frequency effects. As a result, robust methods are needed to provide more evident information for bearing performance assessment and prognostics. This paper introduces enhanced and robust prognostic methods for rolling element bearing including a wavelet filter based method for weak signature enhancement for fault identification and Self Organizing Map (SOM) based method for performance degradation assessment. The experimental results demonstrate that the bearing defects can be detected at an early stage of development when both optimal wavelet filter and SOM method are used. q 2004 Published by Elsevier Ltd.
Glucagon-Like Peptide 1 Secretion by the L-Cell: The View From Within

Glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) is a gut-derived peptide secreted from intestinal L-cells after a meal. GLP-1 has numerous physiological actions, including potentiation of glucose-stimulated insulin secretion, enhancement of -cell growth and survival, and inhibition of glucagon release, gastric emptying, and food intake. These antidiabetic effects of GLP-1 have led to intense interest in the use of this peptide for the treatment of patients with type 2 diabetes. Oral nutrients such as glucose and fat are potent physiological regulators of GLP-1 secretion, but non-nutrient stimulators of GLP-1 release have also been identified, including the neuromodulators acetylcholine and gastrinreleasing peptide. Peripheral hormones that participate in energy homeostasis, such as leptin, have also been implicated in the regulation of GLP-1 release. Recent studies have begun to elucidate the intracellular signaling pathways that mediate the effects of GLP-1 secretagogues on the intestinal L-cell. The purpose of this review is to summarize the known signaling mechanisms of GLP-1 secretagogues based on the available literature. A better understanding of the pathways underlying GLP-1 secretion may lead to novel approaches by which the levels of this important insulinotropic hormone can be enhanced in patients with type 2 diabetes. Diabetes 55 (Suppl. 2):S70–S77, 2006
A Hotel Recommendation System Based on Collaborative Filtering and Rankboost Algorithm

A hotel recommendation system based on collaborative filtering method of clustering and Rankboost algorithm proposed in this paper, which can avoid the cold-start and scalability problems existing in traditional collaborative filtering. One can find a hotel quickly and efficiently when he uses this hotel recommendation system.
Gated SPECT evaluation of outcome after abciximab-supported primary infarct artery stenting for acute myocardial infarction: the scintigraphic data of the abciximab and carbostent evaluation (ACE) randomized trial.

UNLABELLED
We used gated SPECT to evaluate the impact of abciximab on the efficacy of myocardial reperfusion in patients with acute myocardial infarction undergoing infarct-related artery stenting.


METHODS
The Abciximab and Carbostent Evaluation (ACE) trial randomized 400 infarct patients to stenting alone or stenting plus abciximab. One-month (99m)Tc-sestamibi gated SPECT was planned in a subgroup of consecutive patients to evaluate infarct size, infarct severity, left ventricular volumes, and ejection fraction.


RESULTS
The final study population included 182 patients (99 randomized to abciximab and 83 to stenting alone). Gated SPECT revealed smaller infarcts in the abciximab group than in the stenting-alone group (14.3% +/- 11.7% vs. 18.1% +/- 13%, P < 0.02), and lower infarct severity (minimum-to-maximum count ratio = 0.47 +/- 0.17 vs. 0.41 +/- 0.15, P < 0.02), resulting in a smaller left ventricular end-diastolic volume index (57.8 +/- 20.0 vs. 64.6 +/- 20.8 mL/m(2), P = 0.03) and left ventricular end-systolic volume index (31.7 +/- 17.4 vs. 37.5 +/- 18.6 mL/m(2), P = 0.05) in the abciximab group. One-month left ventricular ejection fraction was significantly higher in patients randomized to abciximab (47.4% +/- 11.3% vs. 43.9% +/- 11.7%, P = 0.05).


CONCLUSION
The use of abciximab therapy as an adjunct to infarct-related artery stenting leads to a reduction in infarct size and severity, resulting in smaller 1-mo left ventricular volumes and better left ventricular function. Gated SPECT appears to be an ideal tool for outcome assessment in infarct patients undergoing different treatment strategies.
Preoperative But Not Postoperative Flurbiprofen Axetil Alleviates Remifentanil-induced Hyperalgesia After Laparoscopic Gynecological Surgery: A Prospective, Randomized, Double-blinded, Trial.

BACKGROUND
Acute remifentanil exposure during intraoperative analgesia might enhance sensitivity to noxious stimuli and nociceptive responses to innocuous irritation. Cyclooxygenase inhibition was demonstrated to attenuate experimental remifentanil-induced hyperalgesia (RIH) in rodents and human volunteers. The study aimed to compare the effects of preoperative and postoperative flurbiprofen axetil (FA) on RIH after surgery.


MATERIALS AND METHODS
Ninety patients undergoing elective laparoscopic gynecologic surgery were randomly assigned to receive either intravenous placebo before anesthesia induction (Group C); or intravenous FA (1.0 mg/kg) before anesthesia induction (Group F1) or before skin closure (Group F2). Anesthesia consisted off sevoflurane and remifentanil (0.30 μg/kg/min). Postoperative pain was managed by sufentanil titration in the postanesthetic care unit, followed by sufentanil infusion via patient-controlled analgesia. Mechanical pain threshold (primary outcome), pain scores, sufentanil consumption, and side-effects were documented for 24 hours postoperatively.


RESULTS
Postoperative pain score in Group F1 was lower than Group C. Time of first postoperative sufentanil titration was prolonged in Group F1 than Group C (P=0.021). Cumulative sufentanil consumption in Group F1 was lower than Group C (P<0.001), with a mean difference of 8.75 (95% confidence interval, 5.21-12.29) μg. Mechanical pain threshold on the dominant inner forearm was more elevated in Group F1 than Group C (P=0.005), with a mean difference of 17.7 (95% confidence interval, 5.4-30.0) g. Normalized hyperalgesia area was decreased in Group F1 compared to Group C (P=0.007). No statistically significant difference was observed between Group F2 and Group C.


CONCLUSIONS
Preoperative FA reduces postoperative RIH in patients undergoing laparoscopic gynecologic surgery under sevoflurane-remifentanil anesthesia.
ART 2-A: An adaptive resonance algorithm for rapid category learning and recognition

This artic,le introduces Adaptive Resonance Theor) 2-A (ART 2-A), an efjCicient algorithm that emulates the self-organizing pattern recognition and hypothesis testing properties of the ART 2 neural network architect~~rc, hut at a speed two to three orders of magnitude fbster. Analysis and simulations show how’ the ART 2-A systems correspond to ART 2 rivnamics at both the fast-learn limit and at intermediate learning rate.r. Intermediate ieurning rates permit fust commitment of category nodes hut slow recoding, analogous to properties of word frequency effects. encoding specificity ef@cts, and episodic memory. Better noise tolerunce is hereby achieved ti’ithout a loss of leurning stability. The ART 2 and ART 2-A systems are contrasted with the leader algorithm. The speed of ART 2-A makes pructical the use of ART 2 modules in large scale neural computation. Keywords-Neural networks, Pattern recognition. Category formation. Fast learning, Adaptive resonance.
Journal of a Trapper

Nine years residence among the Rocky Mountains between the years of 1834 and 1843 -- Comprising a general
description of the country, climate, rivers, lakes, mountains, etc., the nature and habits of animals, manners and customs of Indians and a complete view of the life led by a hunter in those regions
Sirolimus-eluting stents vs vascular brachytherapy for in-stent restenosis within bare-metal stents: the SISR randomized trial.

CONTEXT
Although vascular brachytherapy is the only approved therapy for restenosis following bare-metal stent implantation, drug-eluting stents are now being used. Data on the relative merits of each are limited.


OBJECTIVE
To determine the safety and efficacy of the sirolimus-eluting stent compared with vascular brachytherapy for the treatment of patients with restenosis within a bare-metal stent.


DESIGN, SETTING, AND PATIENTS
Prospective, multicenter, randomized trial of 384 patients with in-stent restenosis who were enrolled between February 2003 and July 2004 at 26 academic and community medical centers. Data presented represent all follow-up as of June 30, 2005.


INTERVENTIONS
Vascular brachytherapy (n = 125) or the sirolimus-eluting stent (n = 259).


MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE
Target vessel failure (cardiac death, myocardial infarction, or target vessel revascularization) at 9 months postprocedure.


RESULTS
Baseline patient characteristics were well matched. Lesion length was similar between vascular brachytherapy and sirolimus-eluting stent patients (mean [SD], 16.76 [8.55] mm vs 17.22 [7.97] mm, respectively; P = .61). Procedural success was 99.2% (124/125) in the vascular brachytherapy group and 97.3% (250/257) in the sirolimus-eluting stent group (P = .28). The rate of target vessel failure was 21.6% (27/125) with vascular brachytherapy and 12.4% (32/259) with the sirolimus-eluting stent (relative risk [RR], 1.7; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.1-2.8; P = .02). Target lesion revascularization was required in 19.2% (24/125) of the vascular brachytherapy group and 8.5% (22/259) of the sirolimus-eluting stent group (RR, 2.3 [95% CI, 1.3-3.9]; P = .004). At follow-up angiography, the rate of binary angiographic restenosis for the analysis segment was 29.5% (31/105) for the vascular brachytherapy group and 19.8% (45/227) for the sirolimus-eluting stent group (RR, 1.5 [95% CI, 1.0-2.2]; P = .07). Compared with the vascular brachytherapy group, minimal lumen diameter was larger in the sirolimus-eluting stent group at 6-month follow-up (mean [SD], 1.52 [0.63] mm vs 1.80 [0.63] mm; P<.001), reflecting greater net lumen gain in the analysis segment (0.68 [0.60] vs 1.0 [0.61] mm; P<.001) due to stenting and no edge restenosis.


CONCLUSION
Sirolimus-eluting stents result in superior clinical and angiographic outcomes compared with vascular brachytherapy for the treatment of restenosis within a bare-metal stent.


TRIAL REGISTRATION
ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT00231257.
The interactive effect of achievement motivation and task difficulty on mental effort.

The interactive effect of achievement motivation and task difficulty on invested mental effort, postulated by Humphreys and Revelle [Humphreys, M.S., Revelle, W., 1984. Personality, motivation, and performance: a theory of the relationship between individual differences and information processing. Psychol. Rev. 91, 153-184], was examined using behavioral, subjective, and effort-related physiological measures. Eighteen approach-driven participants and 18 avoidance-driven participants were selected based on their motive to achieve success scores and their motive to avoid failure scores. A 2x3 factorial design was used, with three levels of task difficulty. As expected, approach-driven participants performed better and had a stronger decrease of midfrequency band of heart rate variability than avoidance-driven participants, especially during the difficult task. These results support the interactive effect of achievement motivation and task difficulty on invested mental effort.
Active learning through problem based learning methodology in engineering education

The main objective of this experience lies on the development of positive learning aptitudes on engineering students. The experience presented in this paper has been carried out with the help of the problem-based learning (PBL) methodology. Solutions of medium-high complexity problems by students make them work on the development of different skills. The teaching model turns into a significant and autonomous learning model where students are conscious of their compromise with this process (learning). The obtained results are a starting point to other authors willing to use active learning methodologies within the framework of engineering degrees. Both lecturers and students involved in the experience have done a positive assessment of the methodology.
Deep Venous Thrombosis Short-and Long-Term Results After Thrombolytic Treatment of Deep Venous Thrombosis

OBJECTIVES The goal of this study was to assess the shortand long-term efficacy of different thrombolytic therapy regimens in patients with leg or pelvic deep venous thrombosis (DVT). BACKGROUND It is unclear whether locoregional or systemic thrombolysis is superior in treating acute leg DVT or even whether lysis is more effective than anticoagulation therapy in preventing postthrombotic syndrome. METHODS A total of 250 patients averaging 40 years of age with acute DVT were randomized into five groups to receive full heparinization (1,000 IU/h) and compression treatment, with four groups also administered locoregional tissue plasminogen activator (20 mg/day) or urokinase (100,000 IU/day) or systemic streptokinase (3,000,000 IU daily) or urokinase (5,000,000 IU daily). All groups then received anticoagulation and compression treatment for one year. Primary efficacy criteria included the change after one year in the number of closed vein segments and the occurrence of postthrombotic syndrome. RESULTS Systemic thrombolytic therapy significantly reduced the number of closed vein segments after 12 months in patients with acute DVT compared with conventional treatment (p , 0.05). Postthrombotic syndrome also occurred with less frequency in systemically treated patients versus controls (p , 0.001). High-dose thrombolysis led to better rates of complete recanalization after seven days (p , 0.01) than locoregional lysis. However, 12 patients receiving thrombolysis (9 systemic, 3 local) suffered major bleeding complications; 9 patients on systemic treatment developed pulmonary emboli. CONCLUSIONS Systemic thrombolytic treatment for acute DVT achieved a significantly better shortand long-term clinical outcome than conventional heparin/anticoagulation therapy but at the expense of a serious increase in major bleeding and pulmonary emboli. Given the inherent risks for such serious complications, systemic thrombolysis, although effective, should be used selectively in limb-threatening thrombotic situations. (J Am Coll Cardiol 2000;36:1336–43) © 2000 by the American College of Cardiology