LLukas22/scidocs huggingface dataset:
Ten Years of Pedestrian Detection, What Have We Learned?

The idea behind the experiments in section 4.1 of the main paper is to demonstrate that, within a single framework, varying the features can replicate the jump in detection performance over a ten-year span (2004 2014), i.e. the jump in performance between VJ and the current state-of-the-art. See figure 1 for results on INRIA and Caltech-USA of the following methods (all based on SquaresChnFtrs, described in section 4 of the paper):
Slot Antenna for Metal-Rimmed Mobile Handsets

This letter introduces a 15.5 × 56.5-mm2 planar slot antenna operated under surroundings of an unbroken metal rim in mobile handsets. The height of the slot antenna is shortened, and the bandwidth for low band is expanded to cover both GSM850 and GSM900. This antenna provides a solution for planar unbroken metal-rimmed handsets and can be operated in five wireless communication bands (i.e., GSM850, GSM900, DCS1800, PCS1900, and UMTS bands). Good performances on return loss, radiation pattern, efficiency, and gain are obtained over these five operating bands. Hand effect of this slot antenna is also studied by comparison to the conventional monopole antenna.
Integration of renewable energy into the transport and electricity sectors through V 2 G

Large-scale sustainable energy systems will be necessary for substantial reduction of CO2. However, large-scale implementation faces two major problems: (1) we must replace oil in the transportation sector, and (2) since today’s inexpensive and abundant renewable energy resources have fluctuating output, to increase the fraction of electricity from them, we must learn to maintain a balance between demand and supply. Plug-in electric vehicles (EVs) could reduce or eliminate oil for the light vehicle fleet. Adding ‘‘vehicle-to-grid’’ (V2G) technology to EVs can provide storage, matching the time of generation to time of load. Two national energy systems are modelled, one for Denmark, including combined heat and power (CHP) and the other a similarly sized country without CHP (the latter being more typical of other industrialized countries). The model (EnergyPLAN) integrates energy for electricity, transport and heat, includes hourly fluctuations in human needs and the environment (wind resource and weather-driven need for heat). Four types of vehicle fleets are modelled, under levels of wind penetration varying from 0% to 100%. EVs were assumed to have high power (10 kW) connections, which provide important flexibility in time and duration of charging. We find that adding EVs and V2G to these national energy systems allows integration of much higher levels of wind electricity without excess electric production, and also greatly reduces national CO2 emissions. & 2008 Published by Elsevier Ltd. 67
Cochlear Inner Hair Cell Ribbon Synapse is the Primary Target of Ototoxic Aminoglycoside Stimuli

The ribbon synapses of inner hair cells (IHCs) play an important role in sound encoding and neurotransmitter release. However, it remains unclear whether IHC ribbon synapse plasticity can be interrupted by ototoxic aminoglycoside stimuli. Here, we report that quantitative changes in the number of IHC ribbon synapses and hearing loss occur in response to gentamicin treatment in mice. Using 3D reconstruction, we were able to calculate the number of IHC ribbon synapses after ototoxic gentamicin exposure. Mice were injected intraperitoneally with a low dose of gentamicin (100 mg/kg) once a day for 14 days. Double immunostaining was used to identify IHC ribbon synapses; histopathology and scanning electron microscopy were used to observe the morphology of cochlear hair cells and spiral ganglion neurons (SGNs), the hearing threshold shifts were recorded by auditory brainstem response examinations. Our study shows that the maximal number of IHC ribbon synapses appeared at the 7th day after treatment, followed by a significant reduction after the 7th day regardless of ongoing treatment. Correspondingly, the maximal elevation of hearing threshold was observed at the 7th day after treatment. Meanwhile, additional cochlear components included OHCs, IHCs, and SGNs were unaffected, suggesting that IHC ribbon synapses are more susceptible to ototoxic aminoglycoside stimulation. Our study indicated that quantitative changes in the number of IHC ribbon synapses is critical response to lower dose of ototoxic stimulation, and may contribute to moderate hearing loss. Additionally, our data indcated that ribbon synaptic plasticity may require the quantitative changes to play self-protective role adapted to ototoxic aminoglycoside stimuli.
In Search of Affinities: Knowledge and Action in Indian Thought

In Indian Philosophy and the Consequences of Knowledge: Themes in Ethics, Metaphysics and Soteriology his newly-released contribution to the fields of Indian and cross-cultural philosophy, Chakravarthi Ram-Prasad offers a collection of essays published over the past eight years exploring important ethical, epistemological, and soteriological issues in Jainism, the Brahminical darsanas, and Indian Buddhist thought. The very broadly construed theme that unifies the essays in this collection is an explication of the various uses of knowledge articulated in the Indian tradition. This explication, Ram-Prasad tells us, is "about both conducting a purely intellectual study of reality and seeking some higher end that this study is held to secure" (p. xi). That the pursuit of knowledge is conceived as meaningful in classical India in order to attain some "higher end" is a perfectly valid focus for any study of this philosophical tradition. What makes Ram-Prasad's collection especially valuable is the clarity with which this focus is trained on fundamental and defining problems that the tradition struggles with, and how the analysis of these problems by classical Indian philosophers still holds great value for contemporary reflection and discussion. As RamPrasad himself points out, the value of studying Indian philosophy lies not merely in giving a precise linguistic and conceptual interpretation of ancient Sanskrta texts nor in constructing some abstract apologia for the genuinely philosophical character of Indian thought (p. xii). The value of Indian philosophy for us lies in understanding its continued relevance to persistent human problems and aims. Ram-Prasad's essays succeed in revealing this relevance with the characteristic felicity and svayamprakasattva, "luminosity all his own," that we have come to expect from his works. The book's first essay, "Multiplist Metaphysics and Ethics," recasts the fundamental Jaina philosophical notions of syadvada ("conditionally"), anekantavada ("multiplicity"), and nayavada ("circumscribed schemas") in order to build a reflective and attitudinal nonviolent "multiplist" engagement toward the "Other" (p. 13). Though he follows the classical Jain authors MahavTra, Kundakunda, and Siddhasena in giving precise formulations of these concepts, Ram-Prasad repeatedly emphasizes that the goal he is after in this reconstruction is "affinity" with the Other, a goal not found in the Jaina literature but one not incompatible with Jain principles (p. 43). The modern discursive context within which this search for affinity takes place
Association between perceived life chaos and medication adherence in a postmyocardial infarction population.

BACKGROUND
The benefits of medication adherence to control cardiovascular disease (CVD) are well defined, yet multiple studies have identified poor adherence. The influence of life chaos on medication adherence is unknown. Because this is a novel application of an instrument, our preliminary objective was to understand patient factors associated with chaos. The main objective was to evaluate the extent to which an instrument designed to measure life chaos is associated with CVD-medication nonadherence.


METHODS AND RESULTS
Using baseline data from an ongoing randomized trial to improve postmyocardial infarction (MI) management, multivariable logistic regression identified the association between life chaos and CVD-medication nonadherence. Patients had hypertension and a myocardial infarction in the past 3 years (n=406). Nearly 43% reported CVD-medication nonadherence in the past month. In simple linear regression, the following were associated with higher life chaos: medication nonadherence (β=1.86; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.96-2.76), female sex (β=1.22; 95% CI [0.22-2.24]), minority race (β=1.72; 95% CI [0.78-2.66]), having less than high school education (β=2.05; 95% CI [0.71-3.39]), low health literacy (β=2.06; 95% CI [0.86-3.26]), and inadequate financial status (β=1.93; 95% CI [0.87-3.00]). Being married (β=-2.09, 95% CI [-3.03 to -1.15]) was associated with lower life chaos. As chaos quartile increased, patients exhibited more nonadherence. In logistic regression, adjusting for sex, race, marital status, employment, education, health literacy, and financial status, a 1-unit life chaos increase was associated with a 7% increase (odds ratio, 1.07; 95% CI [1.02-1.12]) in odds of reporting medication nonadherence.


CONCLUSIONS
Our results suggest that life chaos may be an important determinant of medication adherence. Life chaos screenings could identify those at risk for nonadherence.


CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION
URL: http://www.clinicaltrials.gov. Unique identifier: NCT000901277.
Meshing 3D Domains Bounded by Piecewise Smooth Surfaces*

This paper proposes an algorithm to mesh 3D domains bounded by piecewise smooth surfaces. The algorithm handle multivolume domains defined by surfaces that may be non connected or non manifold. The boundary and subdivision surfaces are assumed to be described by a complex formed by surface patches stitched together along curve segments. The meshing algorithm is a Delaunay refinement and it uses the notion of restricted Delaunay triangulation to approximate the input curve segments and surface patches. The algorithm yields a mesh with good quality tetrahedra and offers a user control on the size of the tetrahedra. The vertices in the final mesh have a restricted Delaunay triangulation to any input feature which is a homeomorphic and accurate approximation of this feature. The algorithm also provides guarantee on the size and shape of the facets approximating the input surface patches. In its current state the algorithm suffers from a severe angular restriction on input constraints. It basically assumes that two linear subspaces that are tangent to non incident and non disjoint input features on a common point form an angle measuring at least 90 degrees. Key-words: mesh generation, Delaunay refinement, restricted Delaunay triangulation ∗ Work partially supported by the IST Programme of the EU as a Shared-cost RTD (FET Open) Project under Contract No IST-006413 (ACS Algorithms for Complex Shapes) and by the European Network of Excellence AIM@SHAPE (FP6 IST NoE 506766). Maillage de domaines 3D bornés par des surfaces lisses par morceaux Résumé : Ce document propose un algorithme pour mailler des domaines 3D bornés par des surfaces lisses par morceaux. L’algorithme traite les domaines sous-divisés. Les domaines sont définis par des surfaces qui peuvent avoir plusieurs composantes connexes et des singularités. Les surfaces de contraintes définissant les frontières du domaine et ses sous-divisions sont des complexes formés de carreaux de surfaces assemblés le long de segment de courbes. L’algorithme génére le maillage par raffinement de Delaunay et utilise la notion de Delaunay restreint pour approximer les segments de courbes et carreaux de surfaces. L’algorithme produit un maillage de qualité et offre à l’utilisateur un contrôle sur la taille des tétraèdres. Les sommets du maillage produit sont tels que la restriction de leur triangulation de Delaunay, à chaque élément de contrainte (segment de courbe ou carreau de surface), est homéomorphe à cet élément et en constitue une approximation précise. L’algorithme offre aussi des garanties sur la taille et la forme des triangles qui constitue l’approximation des surfaces de contrainte. Dans sa version courante, l’algorithme impose une sévère restriction angulaire aux surfaces de contraintes, supposant que tout paire de sous-espace linéaires tangents en un même point à deux élèments de contraintes non-incidents et non disjoints forment un angle d’au moins 90 degrés. Mots-clés : génération de maillages, raffinement de Delaunay, triangulation de Delaunay restreinte Meshing 3D domains bounded by piecewise smooth surfaces 3
Y-chromosomal STR haplotypes and their applications to forensic and population studies in east Asia

We have analyzed 11 Y-STR loci (DYS19, the two DYS385 loci, DYS388, DYS389I/II, DYS390, DYS391, DYS392, DYS393, DXYS156Y) in 700 males from ten ethnic groups in east Asia in order to evaluate their usefulness for forensic and population genetic studies. A total of 644 different haplotypes were identified, among which 603 (86.14%) were individual-specific. The haplotype diversity averaged over all populations was 0.9997; using only the nine Y-STRs comprising the “minimal haplotype” (excluding DYS388 and DXYS156Y) it was 0.9996, a value similar to that found in 1924 samples from other Asian populations (0.9996; Lessig et al. Legal Medicine 5(2003) 160–163), and slightly higher than in European populations (0.9976; n=11,610; Roewer et al. For Sci International (2001) 118:103–111). All of the individual east Asian populations examined here had high haplotype diversity (≥0.997), except for the Mongolians (0.992) and Manchurians (0.960). The most frequent haplotype identified by the nine markers was present at only 1% (7/700). Population comparisons based on ΦST or ρ genetic distance measures revealed clustering according to the traditional northeast–southeast distinction, but with exceptions. For example, the Yunnan population from southern China lay among the northern populations, possibly reflecting recent migration, while the Korean population, traditionally considered northern, lay at the boundary between northern and southern populations. An admixture estimate suggested 55(51–59)% northern, 45(41–49)% southern contribution to the Koreans, illustrating the complexity of the genetic history of this region.
Metabolic and performance adaptations to interval training in endurance-trained cyclists

This study examined the effects of sustained high-intensity interval training (HIT) on the athletic performances and fuel utilisation of eight male endurance-trained cyclists. Before HIT, each subject undertook three baseline peak power output ${\dot W}_{\rm peak}$ tests and two simulated 40-km time-trial cycling performance (TT40) tests, of which the variabilities were 1.5 (1.3)% and 1.0 (0.5)%, respectively [mean (SD)]. Over 6 weeks, the cyclists then replaced 15 (2)% of their 300 (66) km · week−1 endurance training with 12 HIT sessions, each consisting of six to nine 5-min rides at 80% of ${\dot W}_{\rm peak}$ , separated by a 1-min recovery. HIT increased ${\dot {W}}_{\rm peak}$ from 404 (40) to 424 (53) W (P < 0.01) and improved TT40 speeds from 42.0 (3.6) to 43.0 (4.2) km · h−1 (P < 0.05). Faster TT40 performances were due to increases in both the absolute work rates from 291 (43) to 327 (51) W (P < 0.05) and the relative work rates from 72.6 (5.3)% of pre-HIT ${\dot {W}}_{\rm peak}$ to 78.1 (2.8)% of post-HIT ${\dot {W}}_{\rm peak}$ (P < 0.05). HIT decreased carbohydrate (CHO) oxidation, plasma lactate concentration and ventilation when the cyclists rode at the same absolute work rates of 60, 70 and 80% of pre-HIT ${\dot {W}}_{\rm peak}$ (P < 0.05), but not when they exercised at the same relative (% post-HIT ${\dot { W}}_{\rm peak}$ ) work rates. Thus, the ability of the cyclists to sustain higher percentages of ${\dot {W}}_{\rm peak}$ in TT40 performances after HIT was not due to lower rates of CHO oxidation. Higher relative work rates in the TT40 rides following HIT increased the estimated rates of CHO oxidation from ≈ 4.3 to ≈ 5.1 g · min−1.
PointSIFT: A SIFT-like Network Module for 3D Point Cloud Semantic Segmentation

Recently, 3D understanding research sheds light on extracting features from point cloud directly [22, 24], which requires effective shape pattern description of point clouds. Inspired by the outstanding 2D shape descriptor SIFT [15], we design a module called PointSIFT that encodes information of different orientations and is adaptive to scale of shape. Specifically, an orientation-encoding unit is designed to describe eight crucial orientations, and multi-scale representation is achieved by stacking several orientation-encoding units. PointSIFT module can be integrated into various PointNet-based architecture to improve the representation ability. Extensive experiments show our PointSIFT-based framework outperforms state-ofthe-art method on standard benchmark datasets. The code and trained model will be published accompanied by this paper.
Fuzzy logic approach to autonomous car parking using MATLAB

This paper discusses a system that parks automatically an automobile given certain conditions and making decisions based in fuzzy logic. It proposes three models in cascade in order to achieve a "decision-action" approach, so that the car in question does not need an operator.
A novel manufacturing defect detection method using association rule mining techniques

In recent years, manufacturing processes have become more and more complex, and meeting high-yield target expectations and quickly identifying root-cause machinesets, the most likely sources of defective products, also become essential issues. In this paper, we first define the root-cause machineset identification problem of analyzing correlations between combinations of machines and the defective products. We then propose the Root-cause Machine Identifier (RMI) method using the technique of association rule mining to solve the problem efficiently and effectively. The experimental results of real datasets show that the actual root-cause machinesets are almost ranked in the top 10 by the proposed RMI method. q 2005 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Phase II study of trastuzumab in combination with S-1 plus cisplatin in HER2-positive gastric cancer (HERBIS-1)

Background:CXC chemokine receptor 4 (CXCR4) and its ligand stromal cell-derived factor-1α (SDF-1α, also known as CXCL12) have important roles in promoting tumour growth and metastasis. Therefore, targeting CXCR4 could be a promising strategy for treatment of human cancer.Methods:To achieve this goal, we developed a highly purified recombination polypeptide (GST-NT21MP), which is a synthetic 21-mer peptide antagonist of CXCR4 (NT21MP) derived from the viral macrophage inflammatory protein II by fermentation technology, affinity chromatography and fast protein liquid chromatography. In this study, we used multiple methods such as MTT assay, FACS, invasion assay, RT–PCR and western blot to explore the efficacy and mechanism by which GST-NT21MP inhibits cell growth, migration and invasion of breast cancer in vitro and in vivo.Results:We found that blockade of CXCR4 pathway by GST-NT21MP decreased SDF-1-induced cell growth, adhesion and migration capacities in breast cancer cells. Moreover, GST-NT21MP significantly retarded pulmonary metastasis in vivo. Furthermore, GST-NT21MP-mediated antitumour activity was found to be associated with reduced phosphorylated Src, Akt, FAK and ERK1/2 as well as decreased Bcl-2.Conclusions:Our results suggest that GST-NT21MP could be a potential anticancer agent for the treatment of breast cancer.
RTS Games and Real-Time AI Research

This article1 motivates AI research in the area of real–time strategy (RTS) games and describes the current status of the ORTS project whose goals are to implement an RTS game programming environment and to build AI systems that eventually can outperform human experts in this popular and challenging domain.
Factors Associated With Cervical Cancer Screening in Puerto Rico

INTRODUCTION
Racial/ethnic disparities in cervical cancer screening exist in the United States; rates are lowest among women who live in Puerto Rico. We identified factors associated with cervical cancer screening among women aged 18 years or older living in Puerto Rico.


METHODS
We included women who participated in the Puerto Rico Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System in 2006 who had not had a hysterectomy (n = 2,206). We calculated the weighted population prevalence estimates of Papanicolaou (Pap) test screening in the past 3 years and used logistic regression models to assess factors associated with screening.


RESULTS
Most participants (71.9% [95% confidence interval (CI) = 69.4%-74.4%]) reported having had a Pap test in the preceding 3 years. Factors associated with screening in multivariate analysis included routine checkup in the past year and leisure-time physical activity. Compared with women with a household income less than $15,000, those with higher incomes were more likely to have had a Pap test. Similarly, divorced or separated women were more likely to have been screened (odds ratio [OR] = 1.13; 95% CI = 1.12-1.15) than those who were married/living together. We did not find associations between screening behavior and education, health care coverage, body mass index, or smoking status.


CONCLUSION
The prevalence of cervical cancer screening in Puerto Rico is below the 90% recommendation established by Healthy People 2010. Our findings regarding factors associated with Pap screening behavior identified population subgroups who are underscreened and who may benefit from targeted interventions and screening programs.
Origins of fine aerosol mass in the Baltimore-Washington corridor: implications from observation, factor analysis, and ensemble air parcel back trajectories

Chemically speciated fine particulate matter (PM2.5) and trace gases (including NH3, HNO3, CO, SO2, NOy) have been sampled at Fort Meade (FME: 39.101N, 76.741W; elevation 46m MSL), Maryland, since July 1999. FME is suburban, located in the middle of the Baltimore–Washington corridor, and generally downwind of the highly industrialized Midwest. The PM2.5 at FME is expected to be of both local and regional sources. Measurements over a 2year period include eight seasonally representative months. The PM2.5 shows an annual mean of 13mgm 3 and primarily consists of sulfate, nitrate, ammonium, and carbonaceous material. Day-to-day and seasonal variations in the PM2.5 chemical composition reflect changes of contribution from various sources. UNMIX, an innovative receptor model, is used to retrieve potential sources of the PM2.5. A six-factor model, including regional sulfate, local sulfate, wood smoke, copper/iron processing industry, mobile, and secondary nitrate, is constructed and compared with reported source emission profiles. The six factors are studied further using an ensemble back trajectory method to identify possible source locations. Sources of local sulfate, mobile, and secondary nitrate are more localized around the receptor than those of other factors. Regional sulfate and wood smoke are more regional and associated with westerly and southerly transport, respectively. This study suggests that the local contribution to PM2.5 mass can vary from o30% in summer to >60% in winter. r 2002 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.