LLukas22/scidocs huggingface dataset:
Home-based exercise rehabilitation in addition to specialist heart failure nurse care: design, rationale and recruitment to the Birmingham Rehabilitation Uptake Maximisation study for patients with congestive heart failure (BRUM-CHF): a randomised controlled trial

BACKGROUND
Exercise has been shown to be beneficial for selected patients with heart failure, but questions remain over its effectiveness, cost-effectiveness and uptake in a real world setting. This paper describes the design, rationale and recruitment for a randomised controlled trial that will explore the effectiveness and uptake of a predominantly home-based exercise rehabilitation programme, as well as its cost-effectiveness and patient acceptability.


METHODS/DESIGN
Randomised controlled trial comparing specialist heart failure nurse care plus a nurse-led predominantly home-based exercise intervention against specialist heart failure nurse care alone in a multiethnic city population, served by two NHS Trusts and one primary care setting, in the United Kingdom.169 English speaking patients with stable heart failure, defined as systolic impairment (ejection fraction < or = 40%). with one or more hospital admissions with clinical heart failure or New York Heart Association (NYHA) II/III within previous 24-months were recruited.Main outcome measures at 1 year: Minnesota Living with Heart Failure Questionnaire, incremental shuttle walk test, death or admission with heart failure or myocardial infarction, health care utilisation and costs. Interviews with purposive samples of patients to gain qualitative information about acceptability and adherence to exercise, views about their treatment, self-management of their heart failure and reasons why some patients declined to participate. The records of 1639 patients managed by specialist heart failure services were screened, of which 997 (61%) were ineligible, due to ejection fraction>40%, current NYHA IV, no admission or NYHA II or more within the previous 2 years, or serious co-morbidities preventing physical activity. 642 patients were contacted: 289 (45%) declined to participate, 183 (39%) had an exclusion criterion and 169 (26%) agreed to randomisation.


DISCUSSION
Due to safety considerations for home-exercise less than half of patients treated by specialist heart failure services were eligible for the study. Many patients had co-morbidities preventing exercise and others had concerns about undertaking an exercise programme.
Prognostic impact of systemic inflammatory diseases in elderly patients with congestive heart failure.

BACKGROUND AND AIMS
Inflammation is part of the pathophysiology of congestive heart failure (CHF). However, little is known about the impact of the presence of systemic inflammatory disease (SID), defined as inflammatory syndrome with constitutional symptoms and involvement of at least two organs as co-morbidity on the clinical course and prognosis of patients with CHF.


METHODS AND RESULTS
This is an analysis of all 622 patients included in TIME-CHF. After an 18 months follow-up, outcomes of patients with and without SID were compared. Primary endpoint was all-cause hospitalization free survival. Secondary endpoints were overall survival and CHF hospitalization free survival. At baseline, 38 patients had history of SID (6.1%). These patients had higher N-terminal pro brain natriuretic peptide and worse renal function than patients without SID. SID was a risk factor for adverse outcome [primary endpoint: hazard ratio (HR) = 1.73 (95% confidence interval: 1.18-2.55, P = 0.005); survival: HR = 2.60 (1.49-4.55, P = 0.001); CHF hospitalization free survival: HR = 2.3 (1.45-3.65, P < 0.001)]. In multivariate models, SID remained the strongest independent risk factor for survival and CHF hospitalization free survival.


CONCLUSION
In elderly patients with CHF, SID is independently accompanied with adverse outcome. Given the increasing prevalence of SID in the elderly population, these findings are clinically important for both risk stratification and patient management.
Path planning and collision avoidance for robots

An optimal control problem to find the fastest collision-free trajectory of a robot surrounded by obstacles is presented. The collision avoidance is based on linear programming arguments and expressed as state constraints. The optimal control problem is solved with a sequential programming method. In order to decrease the number of unknowns and constraints a backface culling active set strategy is added to the resolution technique.
Deploying SDP for machine learning

We discuss the use in machine learning of a general type of convex optimisation problem known as semi-definite programming (SDP) [1]. We intend to argue that SDP’s arise quite naturally in a variety of situations, accounting for their omnipresence in modern machine learning approaches, and we provide examples in support.
Fluid status and fluid responsiveness.

PURPOSE OF REVIEW
Fluid boluses are a key element of hemodynamic resuscitation, but overuse of fluids also can be harmful. It is thus important to understand how fluids actually improve clinical problems and how one can predict fluid responsiveness. It is also important to understand potential limitations of fluid therapy.


RECENT FINDINGS
Currently there is a lot of attention being paid to the assessment of fluid responsiveness, but there is a lack of studies evaluating indications for fluid treatment and the potential harm from excess fluid use. This review emphasizes the physiological factors that determine the response to fluids, the limitations of these responses, and the predictors of fluid responsiveness. A key principle is that fluid resuscitation improves clinical indicators by increasing cardiac output, and if the volume infusion does not increase cardiac output there will be no benefit.


SUMMARY
Assessment of changes in cardiac output, either directly or indirectly, is a key component of managing fluid therapy. Avoiding harm with the use of fluids requires understanding what is physiologically possible.
Sudhausia aristotokia n. gen., n. sp. and S. crassa n. gen., n. sp. (Nematoda: Diplogastridae): viviparous new species with precocious gonad development

Sudhausia aristotokia n. gen., n. sp. and S. crassa n. gen., n. sp. (Nematoda: Diplogastridae): viviparous new species with precocious gonad development Matthias HERRMANN 1, Erik J. RAGSDALE 1, Natsumi KANZAKI 2 and Ralf J. SOMMER 1,∗ 1 Max Planck Institute for Developmental Biology, Department of Evolutionary Biology, Spemannstraße 37, Tübingen, Germany 2 Forest Pathology Laboratory, Forestry and Forest Products Research Institute, 1 Matsunosato, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8687, Japan
A review on the combination of binary classifiers in multiclass problems

Several real problems involve the classification of data into categories or classes. Given a data set containing data whose classes are known, Machine Learning algorithms can be employed for the induction of a classifier able to predict the class of new data from the same domain, performing the desired discrimination. Some learning techniques are originally conceived for the solution of problems with only two classes, also named binary classification problems. However, many problems require the discrimination of examples into more than two categories or classes. This paper presents a survey on the main strategies for the generalization of binary classifiers to problems with more than two classes, known as multiclass classification problems. The focus is on strategies that decompose the original multiclass problem into multiple binary subtasks, whose outputs are combined to obtain the final prediction.
On the need for bidirectional coupling of road traffic microsimulation and network simulation

Simulation of network protocol behavior in Vehicular Ad Hoc Network (VANET) scenarios is strongly demanded for evaluating the applicability of developed network protocols. In this work, we discuss the need for bidirectional coupling of network simulation and road traffic microsimulation for evaluating such protocols. The implemented mobility model, which defines all movement of nodes, influences the outcome of simulations to a great deal. Therefore, the use of a representative mobility model is essential for producing meaningful results. Based on these observations, we developed the hybrid simulation framework Veins (Vehicles in Network Simulation), composed of the network simulator OMNeT++ and the road traffic simulator SUMO. Based on a proof-of-concept study, we demonstrate the advantages and the need for bidirectionally coupled simulation.
Evaluation of Elastic Lift for Neck Rejuvenation

The neck is not only the first anatomical area to show aging but also contributes to the persona of the individual. The understanding the aging process of the neck is essential for neck rejuvenation. Multiple neck rejuvenation techniques have been reported in the literature. In 1974, Skoog [1] described the anatomy of the superficial musculoaponeurotic system (SMAS) and its role in the aging of the neck. Recently, many patients have expressed interest in minimally invasive surgery with a low risk of complications and short recovery period. The use of thread for neck rejuvenation and the concept of the suture suspension neck lift have become widespread as a convenient and effective procedure; nevertheless, complications have also been reported such as recurrence, inadequate correction, and palpability of the sutures. In this study, we analyzed a new type of thread lift: elastic lift that uses elastic thread (Elasticum; Korpo SRL, Genova, Italy). We already use this new technique for the midface lift and can confirm its efficacy and safety in that context. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the outcomes and safety of the elastic lift technique for neck region lifting.
Impact of deep brain stimulation on pharyngo-esophageal motility: a randomized cross-over study.

BACKGROUND
Bilateral subthalamic nucleus (STN) stimulation is used to alleviate Parkinson's disease (PD) motor symptoms. Recently, it has been shown that this therapeutic also increased gut cholinergic contractions. We therefore investigated the effect of STN stimulation on esophageal motility in an interventional randomized study.


METHODS
Sixteen humans PD patients (4 women, 12 men; age: 62.4 ± 9.3-years old) who underwent STN stimulation for at least 6 months were randomly evaluated with either stimulator turned OFF then ON, or inversely. Esophageal high resolution manometry was performed at the end of each ON and OFF period, with a 5 min resting period followed by ten swallows of 5 mL.


KEY RESULTS
During the ON, an increase in the distal contractility index was found (OFF: 1750 ± 629 vs ON: 2171 ± 755 mmHg/cm/s; p = 0.03), with no difference in the distal front velocity. A decrease in the integrative relaxation pressure of the lower esophageal sphincter (LES) was noted (OFF: 11.1 ± 1.8 mmHg vs ON: 7.2 ± 1.8 mmHg; p < 0.05) in ON. The LES resting pressure remained unchanged during the two periods. This resulted in a decrease in the intrabolus pressure (p = 0.03). No difference was observed for the upper esophageal sphincter, nor the pharyngeal contraction amplitude and velocity.


CONCLUSIONS & INFERENCES
In conclusion, STN stimulation in PD patients increased esophageal body contractions and enhanced the LES opening. This suggests that the nigrostriatal-striatonigral loop is involved in the control of esophageal motility.
ICT in Education, Research, and Industrial Applications

ion and Verification of Properties of a Real-Time Java . . . . . . . . 1 Nadezhda Baklanova and Martin Strecker ICT Frameworks, Infrastructures, Integration, and Deployment Abstract Quantum Automata as Formal Models of Quantum Information Processing Systems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19 Mizal Alobaidi, Andriy Batyiv, and Grygoriy ZholtkevychQuantum Automata as Formal Models of Quantum Information Processing Systems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19 Mizal Alobaidi, Andriy Batyiv, and Grygoriy Zholtkevych Parallelizing Legacy Fortran Programs Using Rewriting Rules Technique and Algebraic Program Models . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39 Anatoliy Doroshenko and Kostiantyn Zhereb University as a Corporation Which Serves Educational Interests . . . . . . . 60 Alexander Spivakovsky, Lyudmila Alferova, and Eugene Alferov Formal Logic and Knowledge-Based Frameworks A Multi-channel Communication Framework . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 72 Michal Nagy Satisfiability and Validity Problems in Many-Sorted Composition-Nominative Pure Predicate Logics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 89 Mykola S. Nikitchenko and Valentyn G. Tymofieiev A Criterion for Existence of Global-in-Time Trajectories of Non-deterministic Markovian Systems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 111 Ievgen Ivanov ICT-Based Systems Modeling, Specification, and Verification Combining Verification and MDE Illustrated by a Formal Java Development . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 131 Selma Djeddai, Mohamed Mezghiche, and Martin Strecker About One Efficient Algorithm for Reachability Checking in Modeling and Its Implementation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 149 Alexander Letichevsky, Olexander Letychevskyi, and Vladimir Peschanenko XIV Table of
Demonstration of psychometric soundness of the Dietary Sodium Restriction Questionnaire in patients with heart failure.

PURPOSE
Recommendation of a low-sodium diet is the most common nonpharmacologic intervention used in patients with heart failure (HF). However, nonadherence to this recommendation is extremely high. There are no instruments available for the specific measurement of patients' perceptions of their barriers to, and attitudes toward, following a low-sodium diet. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the psychometric properties of a new instrument, the Dietary Sodium Restriction Questionnaire (DSRQ). Based on the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB), the DSRQ assesses adherence through the use of 3 subscales. Each subscale represents a construct of the TPB: attitude, subjective norm, and perceived behavioral control.


METHODS
The sample consisted of 174 patients with HF (age 62.4 +/- 13.5 years, 56.1% were male, 83.8% were white, and 86.9% had New York Heart Association class II/III). Factorial validity was tested using principal component analysis. Reliability was tested using Cronbach's alpha to assess the internal consistency of the 3 subscales. Reliability was further evaluated with item-total correlations and inter-item correlations.


RESULTS
Principal component analysis of the DSRQ resulted in the extraction of 3 factors, each factor corresponding to a construct of the TPB. The 3-factor solution explained a total of 54.2% of the variance, with Attitude contributing 23.4%, Perceived Behavioral Control contributing 18.1%, and Subjective Norm contributing 12.7%. The Cronbach's coefficient alpha for each subscale was Attitude .88, Subjective Norm .62, and Perceived Behavioral Control .76.


CONCLUSIONS
The DSRQ is a valid and reliable tool for measuring patients' attitudes, beliefs, and barriers related to following a low-sodium diet in adult, white patients with New York Heart Association class II/III HF.
Mechanical Properties and Deformation Behavior of Bulk Metallic Glasses

Metallic glasses demonstrate unique properties, including large elastic limit and high strength, which make them attractive for practical applications. Unlike crystalline alloys, metallic glasses, in general, do not exhibit a strain hardening effect, while plastic deformation at room temperature is localized in narrow shear bands. Room-temperature mechanical properties and deformation behavior of bulk metallic glassy samples and the crystal-glassy composites are reviewed in the present paper.
Efficacy and safety of doxepin 1 mg, 3 mg, and 6 mg in adults with primary insomnia.

STUDY OBJECTIVES
To evaluate the efficacy and safety of doxepin 1, 3, and 6 mg in insomnia patients.


DESIGN
Adults (18-64 y) with chronic primary insomnia (DSM-IV) were randomly assigned to one of four sequences of 1 mg, 3 mg, and 6 mg of doxepin, and placebo in a crossover study. Treatment periods consisted of 2 polysomnographic assessment nights with a 5-day or 12-day drug-free interval between periods. Efficacy was assessed using polysomnography (PSG) and patient-reported measures. Safety analyses included measures of residual sedation and adverse events.


MEASUREMENTS AND RESULTS
Sixty-seven patients were randomized. Wake time during sleep, the a priori defined primary endpoint, was statistically significantly improved at the doxepin 3 mg and 6 mg doses versus placebo. All three doses had statistically significant improvements versus placebo for PSG-defined wake after sleep onset, total sleep time, and overall sleep efficiency (SE). SE in the final third-of-the-night also demonstrated statistically significant improvement at all doses. The doxepin 6 mg dose significantly reduced subjective latency to sleep onset. All three doxepin doses had a safety profile comparable to placebo. There were no statistically significant differences in next-day residual sedation, and sleep architecture was generally clinically preserved.


CONCLUSIONS
In adults with primary insomnia, doxepin 1 mg, 3 mg, and 6 mg was well-tolerated and produced improvement in objective and subjective sleep maintenance and duration endpoints that persisted into the final hour of the night. The side-effect profile was comparable to placebo, with no reported anticholinergic effects, no memory impairment, and no significant hangover/next-day residual effects. These data demonstrate that doxepin 1 mg, 3 mg, and 6 mg is efficacious in improving the sleep of patients with chronic primary insomnia.
Running head : DEVELOPMENT OF SHORT PYD SCALES Creation of Short and Very Short Measures of the Five Cs of Positive Youth Development

As developmental scientists seek to index the strengths of adolescents and adopt the positive youth development (PYD) perspective, psychometrically sound measurement tools will be needed to assess adolescents’ positive attributes. Using a series of exploratory factor analyses and CFA models, this research creates short and very short versions of the scale used to measure the Five Cs of PYD in the 4-H Study of Positive Youth Development. We created separate forms for earlier versus later adolescence and ensured that items displayed sufficient conceptual overlap across forms to support tests of factorial invariance. We discuss implications for further scale development and advocate for the use of these convenient tools, especially in research and applications pertinent to the Five Cs model of PYD. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/jora.12039 Posted at the Zurich Open Repository and Archive, University of Zurich ZORA URL: https://doi.org/10.5167/uzh-108444 Accepted Version Originally published at: Geldhof, G J; Bowers, Edmond P; Boyd, Michelle J; Mueller, Megan K; Napolitano, Christopher M; Schmid, Kristina L; Lerner, Jacqueline V; Lerner, Richard M (2013). Creation of Short and Very Short Measures of the Five Cs of Positive Youth Development. Journal of Research on Adolescence, 24(1):163176. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/jora.12039 Running head: DEVELOPMENT OF SHORT PYD SCALES Creation of Short and Very Short Measures of the Five Cs of Positive Youth Development G. John Geldhof, Edmond P. Bowers, Michelle J. Boyd, Megan Kiely Mueller, Christopher M. Napolitano, Kristina L. Schmid Jacqueline V. Lerner, Richard M. Lerner DEVELOPMENT OF SHORT PYD SCALES 2
A survey on Data Mining Techniques for Crop Yield Prediction

This paper presents the various crop yield prediction methods using data mining techniques. Agricultural system is very complex since it deals with large data situation which comes from a number of factors. Crop yield prediction has been a topic of interest for producers, consultants, and agricultural related organizations. In this paper our focus is on the applications of data mining techniques in agricultural field. Different Data Mining techniques such as K-Means, K-Nearest Neighbor(KNN), Artificial Neural Networks(ANN) and Support Vector Machines(SVM) for very recent applications of data mining techniques in agriculture field. Data mining technology has received a great progress with the rapid development of computer science, artificial intelligence. Data Mining is an emerging research field in agriculture crop yield analysis. Data Mining is the process of identifying the hidden patterns from large amount of data. Yield prediction is a very important agricultural problem that remains to be solved based on the available data. The problem of yield prediction can be solved by employing data mining techniques.
Tangential beam IMRT versus tangential beam 3D-CRT of the chest wall in postmastectomy breast cancer patients: A dosimetric comparison

BACKGROUND
This study evaluates the dose distribution of reversed planned tangential beam intensity modulated radiotherapy (IMRT) compared to standard wedged tangential beam three-dimensionally planned conformal radiotherapy (3D-CRT) of the chest wall in unselected postmastectomy breast cancer patients


METHODS
For 20 unselected subsequent postmastectomy breast cancer patients tangential beam IMRT and tangential beam 3D-CRT plans were generated for the radiotherapy of the chest wall. The prescribed dose was 50 Gy in 25 fractions. Dose-volume histograms were evaluated for the PTV and organs at risk. Parameters of the dose distribution were compared using the Wilcoxon matched pairs test.


RESULTS
Tangential beam IMRT statistically significantly reduced the ipsilateral mean lung dose by an average of 21% (1129 cGy versus 1437 cGy). In all patients treated on the left side, the heart volume encompassed by the 70% isodose line (V70%; 35 Gy) was reduced by an average of 43% (5.7% versus 10.6%), and the mean heart dose by an average of 20% (704 cGy versus 877 cGy). The PTV showed a significantly better conformity index with IMRT; the homogeneity index was not significantly different.


CONCLUSIONS
Tangential beam IMRT significantly reduced the dose-volume of the ipsilateral lung and heart in unselected postmastectomy breast cancer patients.
A psychometric toolbox for testing validity and reliability.

PURPOSE
To review the concepts of reliability and validity, provide examples of how the concepts have been used in nursing research, provide guidance for improving the psychometric soundness of instruments, and report suggestions from editors of nursing journals for incorporating psychometric data into manuscripts.


METHODS
CINAHL, MEDLINE, and PsycINFO databases were searched using key words: validity, reliability, and psychometrics. Nursing research articles were eligible for inclusion if they were published in the last 5 years, quantitative methods were used, and statistical evidence of psychometric properties were reported. Reports of strong psychometric properties of instruments were identified as well as those with little supporting evidence of psychometric soundness.


FINDINGS
Reports frequently indicated content validity but sometimes the studies had fewer than five experts for review. Criterion validity was rarely reported and errors in the measurement of the criterion were identified. Construct validity remains underreported. Most reports indicated internal consistency reliability (alpha) but few reports included reliability testing for stability. When retest reliability was asserted, time intervals and correlations were frequently not included.


CONCLUSIONS
Planning for psychometric testing through design and reducing nonrandom error in measurement will add to the reliability and validity of instruments and increase the strength of study findings. Underreporting of validity might occur because of small sample size, poor design, or lack of resources. Lack of information on psychometric properties and misapplication of psychometric testing is common in the literature.