LLukas22/scidocs huggingface dataset:
Mining opinion components from unstructured reviews: A review

Opinion mining; Sentiment analysis; Information retrieval; Text mining; Web mining Abstract Opinion mining is an interesting area of research because of its applications in various fields. Collecting opinions of people about products and about social and political events and problems through the Web is becoming increasingly popular every day. The opinions of users are helpful for the public and for stakeholders when making certain decisions. Opinion mining is a way to retrieve information through search engines, Web blogs and social networks. Because of the huge number of reviews in the form of unstructured text, it is impossible to summarize the information manually. Accordingly, efficient computational methods are needed for mining and summarizing the reviews from corpuses and Web documents. This study presents a systematic literature survey regarding the computational techniques, models and algorithms for mining opinion components from unstructured reviews. a 2014 King Saud University. Production and hosting by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
Factors influencing adherence among Irish haemodialysis patients.

OBJECTIVE
Adherence to dietary and fluid restrictions among haemodialysis patients with end stage renal failure (ESRD) is a multi-factorial concept. This study seeks to assess the predictive value of demographic and psychological variables in non-adherence.


METHODS
A multi-centre cross sectional design assessed 50 haemodialysis patients on self reported adherence, attitudes towards dietary restrictions, quality of life, depression and anxiety. Adherence to fluid and dietary restrictions was measured objectively using potassium (K), phosphorus (PO4) and inter-dialytic weight gain (IDWG) parameters.


RESULTS
62% of patients were non-adherent with at least one aspect of the treatment regime. Regression analysis revealed age as significantly associated with adherence, in particular IDWG, with younger patients displaying poorer adherence.


CONCLUSION
Younger patients may experience greater difficulty integrating complex treatment demands into their lifestyles, and non-adherence may be a consequence of the severe lifestyle limitations imposed by the haemodialysis treatment regime.


PRACTICE IMPLICATIONS
Individualised interventions may be more effective than traditional methods of adherence monitoring in reducing the non-adherent behaviour.
Optimal sizing of smart grid storage management system in a microgrid

Development of microgrid (MG) technology is growing in low voltage networks, improving the power supply reliability and energy efficiency. Energy storage system (ESS) plays an important role in operation of MG to achieve higher flexibility and reliability. This paper presents a model for determining the optimal size of an ESS in MG. An expansion planning problem is proposed to consider the investment cost of ESS, as well as operating cost of the microgrid. By increasing the size of the storage system the investment cost linearly increases while the operating cost exponentially reduces. The objective is to find the optimal size of ESS in which the summation of storage system investment cost and MG operating cost is minimized. A practical model for ESS is utilized, which uses rectangular charging and trapezoidal discharging profiles. The optimal storage sizing problem is formulated as a mixed-integer programming (MIP) problem. Illustrative examples of a six-bus system are presented to show the efficiency of the proposed method.
Reliability of Repetitively Avalanched Wire-Bonded Low-Voltage Discrete Power Trench n-MOSFETs

This paper, for the first time, investigates the reliability of wire-bonded low-voltage discrete power trench n-MOSFETs that have been subjected to repetitive unclamped inductive switching (RUIS). Automotive MOSFETs driving inductive loads may be subjected to RUIS; hence, there is a need to characterize the failure mechanisms in such applications. The failure mechanisms of repetitively avalanched wire-bonded MOSFETs are shown to be wire-bond lift-off and source metal degradation/fatigue due to thermomechanical stress cycling. Temperature excursions from avalanche pulses cause thermomechanical stresses on the wire-bond/source-metal interface as a result of differences in thermal expansion coefficients between silicon and aluminum. Trench MOSFETs exhibited an average of 10% increase in on-state resistance due to source metal fatigue after 100 million cycles of repetitive avalanche. The number of cycles to failure is investigated as a function of the avalanched induced temperature changes and is shown to follow the Coffin-Manson law. These results are important for designers of automotive systems since they are capable of predicting the long-term reliability of wire-bonded discrete power semiconductor components.
A Randomized Trial of Balloon Kyphoplasty and Nonsurgical Management for Treating Acute Vertebral Compression Fractures

STUDY DESIGN
Multicenter randomized controlled trial.


OBJECTIVE
To compare the efficacy and safety of balloon kyphoplasty (BKP) with nonsurgical management (NSM) during 24 months in patients with painful vertebral compression fractures (VCFs).


SUMMARY OF BACKGROUND DATA
Recently, several large randomized controlled trials have been conducted and reported how vertebral augmentation compares with NSM for patients with acute VCFs. Few of these trials report on the surgical aspects and radiographical vertebral deformity results.


METHODS
Adults with 1 to 3 VCFs were randomized within 3 months of pain to undergo bilateral BKP (n = 149) or NSM (n = 151). Surgical parameters, subjective quality of life assessments and objective functional (timed up and go) and radiographical assessments were collected.


RESULTS
Compared with NSM, the BKP group had greater improvements in SF-36 physical component summary (PCS) scores at 1 month (5.35 points; 95% CI, 3.41-7.30; P < 0.0001) and when averaged across the 24 months (overall treatment effect 2.71 points; 95% CI, 1.34-4.09; P = 0.0001). The kyphoplasty group also had greater functionality by assessing timed up and go (overall treatment effect -2.49 s; 95% CI, -0.82 to -4.15; P = 0.0036). At 24 months, the change in index fracture kyphotic angulation was statistically significantly improved in the kyphoplasty group (average 3.13° of correction for kyphoplasty compared with 0.82° in the control, P = 0.003). Number of baseline prevalent fractures (P = 0.0003) and treatment assignment (P = 0.004) are the most predictive variables for PCS improvement; however, in patients who underwent BKP, there may also be a link with kyphotic angulation. In BKP, the highest quart for kyphotic angulation correction had higher PCS improvement (13.4 points) than the quart having lowest correction of angulation (7.40 points, P = 0.0146 for difference). The most common adverse events temporally related to surgery (i.e., within 30 d) were back pain (20 BKP, 11 NSM) new VCF (11 BKP, 7 NSM), nausea/vomiting (12 BKP, 4 NSM), and urinary tract infection (10 BKP, 3 NSM). Several other adverse events were possibly related to patient positioning in the operating room.


CONCLUSION
Compared with NSM, BKP improves patient quality of life and pain averaged during 24 months and results in better improvement of index vertebral body kyphotic angulation. Perioperative complications may be reduced with more care in patient positioning.


LEVEL OF EVIDENCE
2.
A multi-agent systems approach to distributed bayesian information fusion

This paper introduces design principles for modular Bayesian fusion systems which can (i) cope with large quantities of heterogeneous information and (ii) can adapt to changing constellations of information sources on the fly. The presented approach exploits the locality of relations in causal probabilistic processes, which facilitates decentralized modeling and information fusion. Observed events resulting from stochastic causal processes can be modeled with the help of Bayesian networks, compact and mathematically rigorous probabilistic models. With the help of the theory of Bayesian networks and factor graphs we derive design and organization rules for modular fusion systems which implement exact belief propagation without centralized configuration and fusion control. These rules are applied in distributed perception networks (DPN), a multi agent systems approach to distributed Bayesian information fusion. While each DPN agent has limited fusion capabilities, multiple DPN agents can autonomously collaborate to form complex modular fusion systems. Such self-organizing systems of agents can adapt to the available information sources at runtime and can infer critical hidden events through interpretation of complex patterns consisting of many heterogeneous observations.
Modafinil ameliorates excessive daytime sleepiness after traumatic brain injury.

BACKGROUND
Excessive daytime sleepiness (EDS) and fatigue are common symptoms after traumatic brain injury (TBI), but there is no specific treatment for affected patients. With this pilot study, we aimed at studying the effect of daily modafinil on posttraumatic EDS and fatigue.


METHODS
We conducted a prospective, double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled pilot study in 20 patients with TBI who had fatigue or EDS or both. After baseline examinations (questionnaires including the Epworth Sleepiness Scale to assess EDS and the Fatigue Severity Scale to assess fatigue, actigraphy, polysomnography, maintenance of wakefulness test, and psychomotor vigilance test), 10 patients received 100 to 200 mg modafinil every morning, and 10 patients were treated with placebo. After a 6-week treatment period, all examinations were repeated.


RESULTS
EDS improved significantly in patients with TBI who were treated with modafinil, compared with the placebo group. Similarly, the ability to stay awake on the maintenance of wakefulness test improved only in the modafinil group. Modafinil, however, had no impact on posttraumatic fatigue. Clinically relevant side effects were not observed.


CONCLUSION
This study indicates that modafinil is effective and well tolerated in the treatment of posttraumatic EDS but not of fatigue.


CLASSIFICATION OF EVIDENCE
This study provides Class I evidence that modafinil (100-200 mg daily) improves posttraumatic EDS compared with placebo. This study provides Class I evidence that modafinil (100-200 mg daily) does not improve posttraumatic fatigue compared with placebo.
Research Guides: GEO 210: People & the Land: Intro to Cultural Geography (Crain-LO): AtoZ World Culture

This guide has been created to help you find geographic, economic, social/cultural information and more from country reports, articles, and other types of resources related to this program of study. Direct comments to jcombs@nvcc.edu
Unsupervised Sentence Representations as Word Information Series: Revisiting TF-IDF

Sentence representation at the semantic level is a challenging task for Natural Language Processing and Artificial Intelligence. Despite the advances in word embeddings (i.e. word vector representations), capturing sentence meaning is an open question due to complexities of semantic interactions among words. In this paper, we present an embedding method, which is aimed at learning unsupervised sentence representations from unlabeled text. We propose an unsupervised method that models a sentence as a weighted series of word embeddings. The weights of the word embeddings are fitted by using Shannon’s word entropies provided by the Term Frequency–Inverse Document Frequency (TF–IDF) transform. The hyperparameters of the model can be selected according to the properties of data (e.g. sentence length and textual gender). Hyperparameter selection involves word embedding methods and dimensionalities, as well as weighting schemata. Our method offers advantages over existing methods: identifiable modules, short-term training, online inference of (unseen) sentence representations, as well as independence from domain, external knowledge and language resources. Results showed that our model outperformed the state of the art in well-known Semantic Textual Similarity (STS) benchmarks. Moreover, our model reached state-of-the-art performance when compared to supervised and knowledge-based STS systems. Corresponding author Email addresses: iaf@ciencias.unam.mx (Ignacio Arroyo-Fernández), cmendezc@ccg.unam.mx (Carlos-Francisco Méndez-Cruz), gsierram@ii.unam.mx (Gerardo Sierra), juan-manuel.torres@univ-avignon.fr (Juan-Manuel Torres-Moreno), sidorov@cic.ipn.mx (Grigori Sidorov) 1Av. Universidad s/n Col. Chamilpa 62210, Cuernavaca, Morelos 2AV. Universidad No. 3000, Ciudad universitaria, Coyoacán 04510, Ciudad de México 3Université d’Avignon et des Pays de Vaucluse. 339 chemin des Meinajaries 84911, Avignon cedex 9, France 4Instituto Politécnico Nacional. Av. Juan de Dios Bátiz, Esq. Miguel Othón de Mendizábal, Col. Nueva Industrial Vallejo, Gustavo A. Madero 07738, Ciudad de México Preprint submitted to Journal October 23, 2017
Evaluating the validity of self-reported smoking in Mexican adolescents

OBJECTIVES
We aimed to evaluate the validity of the self-reported smoking indicator used in the Global Youth Tobacco Survey (GYTS).


SETTING
43 middle and high-school classrooms from 26 schools were selected from Mexico City and Cuernavaca, Morelos.


PARTICIPANTS
A total of 1257 students provided both a questionnaire and a urine sample.


PRIMARY AND SECONDARY OUTCOME
Sensitivity and specificity of self-reported smoking compared to urinary cotinine. Validity indices were evaluated by subgroups of gender, social acceptability of smoking (ie, smoking parents or friends) and smoking frequency.


RESULTS
Sensitivity and specificity for current smoking were 93.2% and 81.7%, respectively. Validity indices remained stable across gender. Parental smoking status moderated the validity of self-report, which had lower sensitivity in adolescents with non-smoking parents (86.7%) than in adolescents with smoking parents (96.6%). Sensitivity and specificity increased with smoking frequency.


CONCLUSIONS
This first validation study of self-reported current smoking used in the GYTS among Mexican adolescents suggests that self-reported smoking in the past 30 days is a valid and stable indicator of current smoking behaviour. This measure appears suitable for public health research and surveillance.
Intra-individual head-to-head comparison of Sirolimus®- and Paclitaxel®-eluting stents for coronary revascularization. A randomized, multi-center trial.

BACKGROUND
Despite the known effects of drug-eluting stents (DES), other cofactors attributed to patient characteristics affect their success. Interest focused on designing a study minimizing these factors to answer continuing concerns on the heterogeneity of response to different DESs. The study's aim was to investigate the feasibility and impact of an intra-individual comparison design in patients (pts) with two coronary artery stenosis treated with a Sirolimus- (SES) and a Paclitaxel- (PES) eluting stent.


METHODS AND RESULTS
The study was conducted as a prospective, randomized, multi-center trial in 112 pts who consented to treatment with a SES and a PES. Pts were eligible if they suffered from the presence of two single primary target lesions in two different native coronary arteries. Lesions were randomized to either SES or PES treatment. The primary endpoint was in-stent luminal late loss (LLL), as determined by quantitative angiography at 8 months; clinical follow up was obtained at 1, 8, and 12 months additionally. The LLL (0.13 ± 0.28 mm SES vs. 0.26 ± 0.35 mm PES, p=0.011) showed less neointima in SES. With a predefined cut-off criterion of 0.2mm difference in LLL, 53/87 pts SES and PES were similar effective. 34/87 pts had a divergent result, 26 pts had greater benefit from SES while 8 pts had greater benefit from PES. Overall, MACE (MI, TLR, and death) occurred in 19 (17%) pts. Based on lesion analysis of 108 lesions treated with SES and 110 lesions treated with PES, 5 (4.6%) lesions with SES and 3 (2.7%) lesions with PES required repeated TLR.


CONCLUSION
An intra-individual comparison design to assess differences in efficacy of different DESs is feasible, safe and achieves similar results to inter-individual studies. This study is among the first to show that failure of one DES does not necessarily implicate failure of another DES and vice versa.
Clinical Evaluation of Success of Primary Teeth Pulpotomy Using Mineral Trioxide Aggregate(®), Laser and Biodentine(TM)- an In Vivo Study.

INTRODUCTION
Pulpotomy technique basically consists of removing the coronal pulp and fixing the radicular pulp with a medicament. It is the most widely accepted clinical procedure for treating primary teeth with coronal pulp inflammation caused by caries with no involvement of the radicular pulp.


AIM
To evaluate the success and efficacy of Mineral Trioxide Aggregate (MTA), Lasers and Biodentine as pulpotomy agents both clinically and radiographically.


MATERIALS AND METHODS
In the present study, 60 primary molars in children whose pulpal status warranted pulpotomy were selected and randomly assigned into three groups that included MTA, Laser and Biodentine allocating 20 teeth to each group. The pulpotomy procedure was then performed on all selected teeth followed by restoration with stainless steel crowns. Later the patients were recalled for 3 months and 6 months for clinical and radiographic evaluation.


RESULTS
Statistical analysis was done using Fisher exact test to determine pair wise comparison of three agents with respect to clinical and radiographic criteria. Kruskal-Wallis ANOVA, Mc Nemars test was applied to evaluate the efficacy of each agent between 3 months and 6 months. The results showed that maximum success rate was found in MTA group. However, the comparison between three groups was statistically not significant (p<0.05).


CONCLUSION
Pulpotomies performed with either MTA, Laser or Biodentine are equally efficient with similar clinical/radiographic success and hence can be considered as alternatives to Formocresol.
Process Mining for the multi-faceted analysis of business processes - A case study in a financial services organization

Most organizations have some kind of process-oriented information system that keeps track of business events. Process Mining starts from event logs extracted from these systems in order to discover, analyze, diagnose and improve processes, organizational, social and data structures. Notwithstanding the large number of contributions to the process mining literature over the last decade, the number of studies actually demonstrating the applicability and value of these techniques in practice has been limited. As a consequence, there is a need for real-life case studies suggesting methodologies to conduct process mining analysis and to show the benefits of its application in real-life environments. In this paper we present a methodological framework for a multi-faceted analysis of real-life event logs based on Process Mining. As such, we demonstrate the usefulness and flexibility of process mining techniques to expose organizational inefficiencies in a real-life case study that is centered on the back office process of a large Belgian insurance company. Our analysis shows that process mining techniques constitute an ideal means to tackle organizational challenges by suggesting process improvements and creating a companywide process awareness. 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
Virgin olive oil reduces blood pressure in hypertensive elderly subjects.

BACKGROUND & AIMS
Hypertension is one of the most important risk factors for coronary heart disease. Recent studies have pointed out the possibility that virgin olive oil (VOO) may lower blood pressure in hypertensive (HT) subjects. However, until the date there is scarce information regarding elderly people. The present study was designed to assess the effect of dietary VOO on blood pressure in medically treated hypertensive elderly patients.


METHODS
31 medically treated HT elderly patients and 31 normotensive (NT) elderly volunteers participated in a randomized sequential dietary intervention. Subjects consumed diets enriched in sunflower oil (SO) or VOO for 4 weeks each with a 4-week washout period between them.


RESULTS
VOO reduced total and LDL-cholesterol in NT but not in HT (P < 0.01) and the concentrations were lower than in the group consuming SO. In contrast, no significant differences were found in the levels of tocopherols among the groups studied. Iron-induced oxidation of LDL resulted in a complete loss of monoacylglycerols (MG) and diacylglycerols (DG) and a reduction in triacylglycerols (TG) (60-80%), which was found to be greater in HT (P < 0.01) with no effect of diet. VOO consumption normalized systolic pressure in the HT group (136 +/- 10 mmHg) compared to SO (150 +/- 8 mmHg).


CONCLUSION
Dietary VOO proved to be helpful in reducing the systolic pressure of treated HT elderly subjects. However, a greater resistance to the lowering effect of VOO of total and LDL-cholesterol and a greater susceptibility to TG oxidation was detected in these patients.
A systematic approach to multi-stage network attack analysis

Network security analysis must coordinate diverse sources of information to support effective security models. The modeling, process must capture security-relevant information about targets and attackers. By capturing the trust relationships, vulnerabilities, and attacker capabilities, a security analyst can define and characterize complex, multistage attacks. Along with conducting systematic analyses on multistage attacks, the opportunity also exists to facilitate large scale detection and visualization, of security events by embedding modeling and analytical components within a more expansive security framework. We present a formalism and methodology for multistage network attack analysis. Applications to network security management, including a network vulnerability analyzer prototype, are also described.
Stock allocation in a two-echelon distribution network under service constraints

Consideration is given to a two-echelon distribution network focusing on the detennination of cost optimal stocknonns under service level constraints. The network we study allows holding stock at both echelons and implements periodic review order-up-to-S policies at both echelons. In the event of material shortages at the depot material rationing is needed. The policy we use allows for each stockpoint to attain a desired service level, which need not be the same across all end stockpoints. We develop distribution-free expressions describing the system dynamics and models for the total system cost and the service constraints. We propose heuristic algorithms for service level computations and use an empirical optimisation procedure to detennine the optimal stocknonns under different system settings. Many theoretical results are validated through simulation, which demonstrates the adequacy of the approximations involved in the analysis.
Exfoliative Cheilitis: A Case Report

Introduction: Exfoliative Cheilitis (EC) is a rare chronic inflammatory condition affecting the vermillion border of the lips and characterized by excessive production of keratin. In this paper, a case of chronic EC that was relatively resistant to usual treatment is to be introduced. Also, we explain its clinical course and treatment procedures and measures. Case Presentation: We report a 25-year-old Iranian woman presented with desquamation of her lips. History, clinical feature and histopathological examination revealed a diagnosis of EC. Conclusions: Although treatment of EC in the present study had considerable success in the short-term follow-up, it should be noted, due to the unknown of the exact cause, no specific treatment or protocol has still been identified.