LLukas22/scidocs huggingface dataset:
Use of the Distress Thermometer in a cancer helpline context: Can it detect changes in distress, is it acceptable to nurses and callers, and do high scores lead to internal referrals?

PURPOSE
To improve understanding about; (1) the validity of the Distress Thermometer (DT) as a measure of changes in distress after a cancer helpline call, (2) the impact of a helpline call on callers' distress, (3) caller and helpline nurses' comfort with use of the DT, and (4) the extent to which DT scores over the critical threshold, are associated with referral to internal support services for follow-up psychosocial care.


METHODS
Callers (people diagnosed with cancer and their family/friends: N = 100) completed a questionnaire that included DT ratings (three time-points), the Depression Anxiety and Stress Scale-21 (DASS-21) and measures of comfort with the DT tool. Nurses recorded referrals to internal services and their comfort in using the DT in each call.


RESULTS
The DT correlated with the DASS-21 depression (r = 0.45, p < 0.001), anxiety (r = 0.56, p < 0.001) and stress (r = 0.64, p < 0.001) subscales demonstrating validity. Callers' self-rated distress was significantly lower after the call, regardless of gender or caller type (F(2, 97) = 63.67, p < 0.01, partial eta squared = 0.57). Over 74% of people diagnosed with cancer, 80% family/friends and 89.3% of nurses felt comfortable with DT use. Only 16% of participants were referred on to follow-up internal support services despite 90% of people with cancer and 75% of family/friends' DT scores' suggesting they required follow-up care.


CONCLUSIONS
The DT is a valid and acceptable tool for use by cancer helplines. Improved documentation of referrals is required to better understand referral patterns.
A Chinese Corpus with Word Sense Annotation

This paper presents the construction of a Chinese word sense-tagged corpus. The resulting lexical resource includes mainly three components: 1) a corpus annotated with word senses; 2) a lexicon containing sense distinction and description in the feature-based formalism; 3) the linking between the sense entries in the lexicon and CCD synsets. A dynamic model is put forward to build the three knowledge bases simultaneously and interactively. The strategy to improve consistency is addressed since consistency is a thorny issue for constructing semantic resources. The inter-annotator agreement of the sensetagged corpus is satisfied. The database will grow up to be a powerful lexical resource both for linguistic researches on Chinese lexical semantics and word sense disambiguation.
Experimental assessment of the time transfer capability of precise point positioning (PPP)

In recent years, many national timing laboratories have installed geodetic global positioning system (GPS) receivers together with their traditional GPS/GLONASS common view (CV) receivers and two way satellite time and frequency transfer (TWSTFT) equipment. A method called precise point positioning (PPP) is in use in the geodetic community allowing precise recovery of geodetic GPS receiver position, clock phase and tropospheric delay by taking advantage of the International GNSS Service (IGS) precise products. Natural Resources Canada (NRCan) has developed software implementing the PPP and a previous assessment of the PPP as a promising time transfer method was carried out at Istituto Elettrotecnico Nazionale (IEN) in 2003. This paper reports on a more systematic work performed at IEN and NRCan to further characterize the PPP method for time transfer application, involving data from nine national timing laboratories. Dual-frequency GPS observations (pseudorange and carrier phase) over the last ninety days of year 2004 were processed using the NRCan PPP software to recover receiver clock estimates at five minute intervals, using the IGS final satellite orbit and clock products. The quality of these solutions is evaluated mainly in terms of short-term noise. In addition, the time and frequency transfer capability of the PPP method were assessed with respect to independent techniques, such as TWSTFT, over a number of European and Transatlantic baselines
She’s Got the Look: Inferences from Female Chief Executive Officers’ Faces Predict their Success

Inferences from faces can predict success. This may be particularly important for women, who are often evaluated by their appearance. Here 170 northeastern U.S. undergraduates judged personality traits or leadership ability from the faces of all 20 U.S. Fortune 1,000: 2006 female chief executive officers (CEOs) and we compared these ratings to the same trait ratings made for male CEOs in a previous study. After controlling for cues important for female leaders (attractiveness, affect, age, and masculinity/ femininity), ratings of competence and leadership predicted the amount of profits that the CEOs’ companies made and ratings of dominance predicted the amount of individual compensation that the CEOs received. CEOs’ success is therefore related to their facial appearance regardless of target and perceiver gender.
Social media and loneliness: Why an Instagram picture may be worth more than a thousand Twitter words

Social media use continues to grow and is especially prevalent among young adults. It is surprising then that, in spite of this enhanced interconnectivity, young adults may be lonelier than other age groups, and that the current generation may be the loneliest ever. We propose that only image-based platforms (e.g., Instagram, Snapchat) have the potential to ameliorate loneliness due to the enhanced intimacy they offer. In contrast, text-based platforms (e.g., Twitter, Yik Yak) offer little intimacy and should have no effect on loneliness. This study (N 1⁄4 253) uses a mixed-design survey to test this possibility. Quantitative results suggest that loneliness may decrease, while happiness and satisfaction with life may increase, as a function of image-based social media use. In contrast, text-based media use appears ineffectual. Qualitative results suggest that the observed effects may be due to the enhanced intimacy offered by imagebased (versus text-based) social media use. © 2016 Published by Elsevier Ltd. “The more advanced the technology, on the whole, the more possible it is for a considerable number of human beings to imagine being somebody else.” -sociologist David Riesman.
Passivity Based Control for the “Boost Converter-Inverter-DC Motor” System

This work presents a regulation control for the “DC/DC Boost converterinverterDC motor” system. Such a control is designed via the Exact Regulation Error Dynamics Passive Output Feedback (EREDPOF). The control validation is carried out through numerical simulations using Matlab-simulink, achieving a satisfactory performance.
Inspiratory capacity at inflation hold in ventilated newborns: a surrogate measure for static compliance of the respiratory system.

OBJECTIVE
To study appropriateness of respiratory system compliance calculation using an inflation hold and compare it with ventilator readouts of pressure and tidal volume as well as with measurement of compliance of the respiratory system with the single-breath-single-occlusion technique gained with a standard lung function measurement.


DESIGN
Prospective clinical trial.


SETTING
Level III neonatal unit of a university hospital.


SUBJECTS
Sixty-seven newborns, born prematurely or at term, ventilated for a variety of pathologic conditions.


INTERVENTIONS
A standardized sigh maneuver with a predefined peak inspiratory pressure of 30 cm H2O, termed inspiratory capacity at inflation hold, was applied. Using tidal volume, exhaled from inspiratory pause down to ambient pressure, as displayed by the ventilator, and predefined peak inspiratory pressure, compliance at inspiratory capacity at inflation hold conditions could be calculated as well as ratio of tidal volume and ventilator pressure using tidal volume and differential pressure at baseline ventilator settings: peak inspiratory pressure minus positive end-expiratory pressure.


MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS
For the whole cohort, the equation for the regression between tidal volume at inspiratory capacity at inflation hold and compliance of the respiratory system was: compliance of the respiratory system = 0.052 * tidal volume at inspiratory capacity at inflation hold - 0.113, and compliance at inspiratory capacity at inflation hold conditions was closely related to the standard lung function measurement method of compliance of the respiratory system (R = 0.958). In contrast, ratio of tidal volume and ventilator pressure per kilogram calculated from the ventilator readouts and displayed against compliance of the respiratory system per kilogram yielded a broad scatter throughout the whole range of compliance; both were only weakly correlated (R = 0.309) and also the regression line was significantly different from the line of identity (p < .05). Peak inspiratory pressure at study entry did not affect the correlation between compliance at inspiratory capacity at inflation hold conditions and compliance of the respiratory system.


CONCLUSIONS
After a standard sigh maneuver, inspiratory capacity at inflation hold and the derived quantity compliance at inspiratory capacity at inflation hold conditions can be regarded as a valid, accurate, and reliable surrogate measure for standard compliance of the respiratory system in contrast to ratio of tidal volume and ventilator pressure calculated from the ventilator readouts during ongoing mechanical ventilation at respective ventilator settings.
Robot-assisted versus open sacrocolpopexy: a cost-minimization analysis.

PURPOSE
Abdominal sacrocolpopexy is considered a standard of care operation for apical vaginal vault prolapse repair. Using outcomes at our center we evaluated whether the robotic approach to sacrocolpopexy is as cost-effective as the open approach.


MATERIALS AND METHODS
After obtaining institutional review board approval we performed cost-minimization analysis in a retrospective cohort of patients who underwent sacrocolpopexy at our institution between 2006 and 2010. Threshold values, that is model variable values at which the most cost effective approach crosses over to an alternative approach, were determined by testing model variables over realistic ranges using sensitivity analysis. Hospital billing data were also evaluated to confirm our findings.


RESULTS
Operative time was similar for robotic and open surgery (226 vs 221 minutes) but postoperative length of stay differed significantly (1.0 vs 3.3 days, p <0.001). Base case analysis revealed an overall 10% cost savings for robot-assisted vs open sacrocolpopexy ($10,178 vs $11,307). Tornado analysis suggested that the number of institutional robotic cases done annually, length of stay and cost per hospitalization day in the postoperative period were the largest drivers of cost. Analysis of our hospital billing data showed a similar trend with robotic surgery costing 4.2% less than open surgery.


CONCLUSIONS
A robot-assisted approach to sacrocolpopexy can be equally or less costly than an open approach. This depends on a sufficient institutional robotic case volume and a shorter postoperative stay for patients who undergo the robot-assisted procedure.
Technology infusion for complex systems: A framework and case study

Manufacturing companies in today’s competitive environment constantly need to develop new technologies and infuse them into their line of products to stay ahead of the competition. Most new technologies only deliver value once they are successfully infused into a parent system. However, there has been little research done to develop formal methods to assess the impact of new technology infusion into existing products and systems. In this paper, a systematic framework to quantify and assess the impact of technology infusion early in the product planning cycle is proposed. The proposed methodology quantitatively estimates the impact of technology infusion through the use of a Design Structure Matrix (DSM) and the creation of a Delta DSM (∆DSM) describing the changes to the original system due to the infused technology. The cost for technology infusion is then estimated from the ∆DSM, and the potential market impact of the technology is calculated based on customer value, expressed through utility curves for system technical performance measures. Finally, the probabilistic ∆NPV of a newly infused technology is obtained using Monte Carlo simulation. The proposed methodology was demonstrated on an actual complex printing system, represented as an 84 element DSM with a density of 3.7%, where a newly developed value-enhancing technology was infused into the existing product. The result shows that a positive marginal net present value ∆NPV can be expected, despite the new technology causing an invasiveness of 8.5% to the existing design. The methodology can be applied in a rigorous and repeatable manner, opening up possibilities for further implementation of the proposed framework, including analysis of the interactions amongst multiple technologies.© 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Syst Eng 13: 186–203, 2010
Bacteria Foraging Fusion for Face Recognition across Age Progression

The phenomenon of "aging" in humans leads to significant variations in facial features. Various factors such as bone growth, ethnicity and dietary habits influence the facial aging pattern. This increases the difficulty in performing automated face recognition. In this paper, we propose an algorithm that improves the performance of face recognition by applying the bacteria foraging fusion algorithm. The proposed algorithm mitigates the effect of facial changes caused due to aging by combining the LBP features of global and local facial regions at match score level, by means of the bacteria foraging fusion algorithm. Experimental results are presented using the FG-Net and IIITDelhi face aging databases. The IIITDelhi database, which has been collected by the authors, consists of over 2600 age-separated labeled face images of 102 individuals. To account for real life and natural conditions, images include changes in the face due to illumination, pose, and presence of accessories such as eyeglasses. The results demonstrate that the proposed approach outperforms traditional fusion schemes, existing algorithms and a commercial system.
Images Revisited – Postmodern Perceptions of Power and Democracy: Political Empowerment in the Danish Case

This article discusses postmodern perceptions of power and democracy based on a Danish study. Danes appear to have a nuanced perception of societal power and former and well known images of society seem out-faded. Politicians, media, capital, interest organisations and experts are all experienced as powerful. Most people, however, conceptualise power as being blurred, systemic and structural. Nevertheless, the Danes generally do not feel powerless or distant from power. Paradoxically, while experiences of power as ‘system’ are common, the actors appear to be both resourceful and active – there is a high degree of empowerment. Confidence in indi-vidual capacity to make a difference is considerable. Ordinary Danes seem to believe that it can pay to exercise one's influence – that one is able to make a difference.
Shared decision making in atrial fibrillation: where we are and where we should be going.

You are seeing Mr Roberts, a 69-year-old retired office manager referred from the emergency department for treatment of atrial fibrillation (AF). He presented the previous night to the emergency department with shortness of breath and palpitations and was found to be in AF with a rapid ventricular response and a heart rate of 140 bpm. He was treated with intravenous diltiazem and spontaneously converted to sinus rhythm. He was then discharged from the emergency department with an outpatient cardiology appointment. He has a background history of hypertension but no other cardiac disease. His only medication is a thiazide diuretic. On questioning , he reports experiencing several episodes of palpitations over the last 2 to 3 years; typically, these are brief and self-limited. His transthoracic echocardiogram, thyroid studies , and electrolytes are all within normal limits. His ECG shows sinus rhythm with no other significant abnormality. His CHADS 2 score is 1 and CHA 2 DS 2-Vasc score is 2. He has a family history of gastrointestinal hemorrhage–associated death and is uncomfortable about long-term anticoagulation. Additionally, he is reluctant about taking a daily medication plus his blood pressure pill. How might you present current best practice while ensuring that his treatment program is consistent with his goals, values, and preferences?
Validation of the Screening Tool for the Assessment of Malnutrition in Paediatrics (STAMP) in patients with spinal cord injuries (SCIs)

Objectives:To validate the Screening Tool for the Assessment of Malnutrition in Paediatrics (STAMP) in paediatric spinal cord injuries (SCIs) patients admitted to the tertiary SCI centre.Methods:children’s baseline clinical data, anthropometric measurements and STAMP score were assessed on admission. The validity of STAMP was assessed by (i) comparison with a full dietetic assessment (criterion validity); (ii) comparison with generic paediatric screening tools: the Paediatric Yorkhill Malnutrition Score (PYMS; concurrent validity); and (iii) completion of an additional STAMP to assess inter- and intra-rater reliability. The agreement was assessed using Cohen’s κ-statistics.Results:Fifty-one children were screened by STAMP. The prevalence of undernutrition risk was 58.8%. STAMP had moderate agreement with dietitian assessment (κ: 0.507) and a fair agreement with PYMS (κ: 0.314). The STAMP had substantial reliability (inter-rater reliability: κ: 0.752; intra-rater reliability: κ: 0.635). When compared with dietetic assessment as a reference standard, STAMP had a sensitivity of 83.3%, specificity of 66.7% and an overall agreement of 76.5%.Conclusion:The present study shows that undernutrition is common in children with SCI. The STAMP is an acceptable (valid and reliable) tool to identify paediatric SCI patients at risk of undernutrition.
Evaluation of the total face mask for noninvasive ventilation to treat acute respiratory failure.

BACKGROUND
We hypothesized that the total face mask (TFM) would be perceived as more comfortable than a standard oronasal mask (ONM) by patients receiving noninvasive mechanical ventilation (NIV) therapy for acute respiratory failure (ARF) and would be quicker to apply by respiratory therapists.


METHODS
Sixty patients presenting with ARF were randomized to receive NIV via either an ONM or a TFM. Mask comfort and dyspnea were assessed using visual analog scores. Other outcomes included time required to apply, vital signs and gas exchange at set time points, and early NIV discontinuation rates (ie, stoppage while still requiring ventilatory assistance).


RESULTS
Mask comfort and dyspnea scores were similar for both groups through 3 h of use. The time required to apply the mask (5 min [interquartile range (IQR), 2-8] vs 3.5 min [IQR, 1.9-5]), and duration of use (15.7 h [IQR, 4.0-49.8]) vs 6.05 h [IQR, 0.9-56.7]) were not significantly different between the ONM and the TFM group, respectively. Except for heart rate, which was higher at baseline in the TFM group, no differences in vital signs or gas exchange were detected between the groups during the first 3 h (P > .05). Early NIV discontinuation rates were similar for both the ONM group and TFM group (40% vs 57.1%); however, eight patients in the TFM group were switched to an ONM within 3 h, and none from the ONM group was switched to a TFM (P < .05).


CONCLUSIONS
Among patients with ARF requiring NIV, the ONM and TFM were perceived to be equally comfortable and had similar application times. Early NIV discontinuation rates, improvements in vital signs and gas exchange, and intubation and mortality rates were also similar.


TRIAL REGISTRY
ClinicalTrials.gov; No.: NCT00686257; URL: www.clinicaltrials.gov.
Diagnostic agreement between the Personality Diagnostic Questionnaire-4+ (PDQ-4+) and its Clinical Significance Scale.

BACKGROUND
The Personality Diagnostic Questionnaire-4+ (PDQ-4+) is composed of a self-report and an interview, the Clinical Significance Scale, but no studies have reported joint findings. This study is the first to examine the diagnostic agreement between the Spanish version of the PDQ-4+ self-report and its corresponding interview.


METHOD
The sample comprised 235 psychiatric outpatients who were assessed with both instruments.


RESULTS
The interview reduced to one half the number of diagnoses provided by self-report (83.4% to 38.3%; mean number of diagnoses 3.29 to .62). Diagnostic agreement was between fair and moderate (mean kappa .45 for PDQ-4+ total score).


CONCLUSIONS
Findings suggest the utility of jointly administering the PDQ-4+ and its Clinical Significance Scale to screen for the presence or absence of personality disorders (PDs). Modifications in the diagnostic cut-offs for individual PDs and the PDQ-4+ total score may improve the efficacy of the instrument.
Analysis of Air Gap Flux to Detect Induction Motor Faults

This paper presents the application of motor flux signature analysis to the detection of stator winding failures, broken rotor bars and end ring faults in induction motors. Air gap flux analysis is a non-invasive, on line monitoring technique to diagnose faults in three-phase induction motor drives, detecting differences in the flux spectrum. In this work a programme developed in LabVIEW to perform data acquisition and analysis is presented. Data is read in real time form the working induction motor, and the program provides three fault indicators were found: rotor bar failure, rotor end ring failure and stator winding turn to turn short circuit. With these three indicators failure location, state and cause can be determined. The system has being validated in the laboratory with motors with known faults, and a portable version for industrial workshop tests is being developed
Effectiveness of a nurse facilitated cognitive group intervention among mild to moderately-depressed-women in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa.

OBJECTIVE
The purpose of the study was to determine the effectiveness of a nurse-facilitated-cognitive-group (NFCG) intervention as an adjunct to antidepressant medication, in mild to moderately, depressed women.


METHOD
This was a quasi-experimental, nonequivalent, control group design study. A sample of 30 consenting participants was selected from an urban, community psychiatric clinic, and the participants were randomly allocated to the control and the intervention groups. The effectiveness of the intervention was measured using the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI).


RESULTS
After six weeks of implementation of the NFCG intervention, there was a decrease in the BDI scores of the intervention group, and an increase in the BDI scores in the control group (CG) - but the difference in scores was not significant (Student's t-test=1.076, p=0.291). After 12 weeks of the group intervention, the BDI scores for the intervention group, showed a considerable reduction in their levels of depression, whilst the participants of the control group had a further increase in their scores. There was a statistically significant difference between the groups, with respect to the BDI scores (p<0.001). The Friedman test indicated that the mean BDI scores, were statistically significant (p<0.001) within the intervention group, meaning that the BDI scores improved, at the end of the intervention for all the participants. Analysis of the BDI scores, using the Friedman test, showed that there was no improvement in the control group (p=0.597).


CONCLUSION
The NFCG intervention, as an adjunct to antidepressant medication, contributed to a reduction in depressive symptoms.