LLukas22/scidocs huggingface dataset:
Assessment of depth of anesthesia: PRST score versus bispectral index.

UNLABELLED
Assessment of depth of anesthesia is the basis in anesthesiologists work because the occurrence of awareness during general anesthesia is important due to stress, which is caused in the patient at that moment, and due to complications that may arise later. There are subjective and objective methods used to estimate the depth of anesthesia. The aim of this study was to assess the depth of anesthesia based on clinical parameters and on the basis bispectral index, and determine the part of bispectral monitoring in support to clinical assessment.


MATERIAL AND METHODS
Sixty patients divided into two groups were analyzed in a prospective study. In first group (group 1), the depth of anesthesia was assessed by PRST score, and in the second group (group 2) was assessed by bispectral monitoring with determination PRST score concurrently. In both groups PRST score was assessed in four periods, while bispectral monitoring is used continuously. For analysis were used the BIS index values from the equivalent periods as PRST scores. PRST score value 0-3, and BIS index 40-60 were considered as adequate depth of anesthesia. The results showed that in our study were not waking patients during the surgery. In the group where the depth of anesthesia assessed clinically, we had a few of respondents (13%) for whom at some point were present indicators of light anesthesia. Postoperative interview excluded the possibility of intraoperative awareness. In the second group of patients and objective and clinical assessment indicated at all times to adequate depth of anesthesia.


CONCLUSION
The use of BIS monitoring with clinical assessment allows anesthesiologists precise decision-making in balancing and dosage of anesthetics and other drugs, as well as treatment in certain situations.
Nutritional and antimicrobial property of seabuckthorn ( Hippophae sp.) seed oil

This study presents nutritional and antimicrobial characteristics of seabuckthorn seed oil, extracted from berries of Hippophae salicifolia (4.3-4.9%) and H. rhamnoides (4.75-5.25%). Physicochemical analysis of seed oil gave: acid value, 4.0-4.7 mg KOH/g; saponification value, 184.3-230.2 mg KOH/g; peroxide value, 17.5-18.3 meq/kg; and unsaponifiable matter, 0.60-0.78%. The oil contained oleic acid (31.8-37.0%), linoleic acid (25.8-27.9%) and linolenic acid (14.1-17.8%), and thus showed predominance of unsaturated fatty acids (82.6-83.5% w/w) comprising of both polyunsaturated fatty acids (39.9-45.8% w/w) and monounsaturated fatty acids (36.9-43.6 % w/w). Seeds of both species contained vitamin E (27.0-30.0 μg/g). Seed oil exhibited good antimicrobial property (growth inhibition zone diam, 4.0 mm) against Escherichia coli. Thus, owing to high content of linolenic acid and vitamin E and good antimicrobial property, seed oil can be exploited in pharmaceutical, cosmetic and nutraceutical preparations. Seed cake was rich in proteins and minerals and can be used as animal feed.
Long-term outcome with cardiac resynchronization therapy in mild heart failure patients with left bundle branch block from US and Europe MADIT-CRT

Early intervention with cardiac resynchronization therapy with defibrillator (CRT-D) in mild heart failure (HF) patients with a left bundle branch block (LBBB) ECG pattern was associated with a significant reduction in mortality in the long-term MADIT-CRT trial. Whether patients in MADIT-CRT enrolled from centers in the USA and in Europe have different long-term clinical response to CRT-D remains unknown. We compared the baseline clinical characteristics and clinical and echocardiographic long-term clinical response to CRT-D between MADIT-CRT patients with LBBB who were enrolled in USA (n = 871) and European centers (n = 392). Although European patients had more advanced heart disease than US patients, CRT-D was associated with similar 60 % (p < 0.001) reductions in the risk of HF in US and European patients when compared to ICD-only therapy after adjustment for relevant baseline clinical covariates. US patients had significant long-term mortality reduction (38 %, p = 0.02) while among European patients the survival benefit associated with CRT-D was not statistically significant (HR 0.73, p = 0.18); subgroup analyses revealed a significantly greater CRT-D benefit among women who were enrolled in the USA, whereas no significant gender difference in the clinical benefit of CRT-D was observed in the European cohort. Reverse remodeling at 1 year was associated with significantly better clinical outcomes in both groups. Despite differences in baseline disease severity, European and US patients with LBBB experienced a similar clinical and echocardiographic response to cardiac resynchronization therapy during long-term follow-up. Clinical trial registration: http://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT00180271 .
Social Ethics in the Church of the Poor: The Cases of T. B. Barratt and Lewi Pethrus

Petersen, D (eds), Called and Empowered: Global Mission in Pentecostal Perspective. Peabody: Hendrickson, 1991 (203-24). McGee, Gary B. 'Pentecostal Missiology: Moving beyond Triumphalism to Face the Issues'. Pneuma 16:2, 1994 (275-282). McGee, Gary B. 'Shortcut to Language Preparation? Radical Evangelicals, Missions, and the Gift of Tongues', International Bulletin of Mksionary Research 25:3, July 2001 (1 18-125). Pentecostal Witness 1-2 (July & October 1924)' Edinburgh (ed. Donald Gee), (Donald Gee Centre, Mattersey, England). Petersen, Douglas, 'The Formation of Popular, National, Autonomous Pentecostal Churches in Central America'. Pneuma 16: 1, 1994 (23-48). Redemption Tidings 1-2 (1924-1926), Stockport (ed. J. Nelson Part), Donald Gee Centre, Mattersey, England. Robeck, Cecil M. 'Pentecostal Origins in Global Perspective'. Hunter, H'D & Hocken, P D (eds), All Together in One Place: Theological Papersfiom the Brighton Confeence on World Evangelization. Sheffield: Sheffield Academic Press, 1993 (1 66-91). Saayman, Willem A. 'Some reflections on the develop'ment of the Pentecostal mission model in South Africa', Missionalia 2 1 : 1, 1993 (4056) Sepfilveda, Juan, 'Indigenous Pentecostalism and the Chilean Experience', in Anderson, Allan H & Hollenweger, Walter J (eds), Pentecostals Ajier a Century: Global Perspectives on a Movement in Transition. Sheffield: Sheffield Academic Press, 1999 (1 11-34). Shenk, Wilbert R 'Recasting Theology of Mission: Impulses from the Non-Western World', International Bulletin of Missionary Research 25:3, July 2001 (98-107). Things New and Old 1-4 (1921-1925), London (ed. A.E. Saxby), Donald Gee Centre, Mattersey, England. Wagner, Peter, Look Out! The Pentecostals are Coming. Carol stream: Creation House, 1973. Wilson, Everett A. 'They Crossed the Red Sea, Didn't They? Critical History and Pentecostal Beginnings', Dempster, MW, Klaus, BD & Petersen, D (eds), The Globalizition of Pentecostalism: A Religion made to Travel. Oxford: Regnum, 1999 (85-1 15). Womersley, Harold. Wm F.P. Burton: Congo Pioneer. Eastboume: Victory Press, 1973. Social Ethics in the Church of the Poor: The Cases of T. B. Barratt and Lewi Pethrus
Perceptions about Eclampsia, Birth Preparedness, and Complications Readiness among Antenatal Clients Attending a Specialist Hospital in Kano, Nigeria

Background. Eclampsia is a reliable indicator of poor birth preparedness and complications readiness. We determined perceptions about eclampsia, birth preparedness, and complications readiness among antenatal clients in Kano, Nigeria. Materials and Method. A cross-sectional design was used to study 250 randomly selected antenatal clients. Data was analyzed using SPSS 16.0. Result. The mean age of the respondents was 26.1 ± 6.4 years. The majority perceived that eclampsia is preventable through good ANC (76.4%) and hospital delivery (70.8%). Overall, 66.8% had good perception about eclampsia. Having at least secondary school education and multigravidity were associated with good perception about eclampsia on multivariate analysis. About a third (39.6%) of the mothers was less prepared. On binary logistic regression, good perception about eclampsia and multigravidity were associated with being very prepared for birth. Up to 37.6% were not ready for complications. Half (50.4%) knew at least three danger signs of pregnancy, and 30.0% donated blood or identified suitable blood donor. On multivariate analysis, having at least secondary school education, being very prepared for birth, and multigravidity emerged as the only predictors of the respondents' readiness for complications. Conclusion and Recommendations. Health workers should emphasize the practicability of birth preparedness and complications readiness during ANC and in the communities, routinely review plans, and support clients meet-up challenging areas. The importance of girl-child education to at least secondary school should be buttressed.
Endogenous opioids regulate glucocorticoid-dependent stress-coping strategies in mice

Coping skills are essential in determining the outcomes of aversive life events. Our research was aimed to elucidate the molecular underpinnings of different coping styles in two inbred mouse strains, C57BL/6J and SWR/J. We compared the influence of a preceding stressor (0.5h of restraint) on behavioral and gene expression profiles between these two strains. The C57BL/6J strain exhibited increased conditioned fear and high immobility (passive coping). Oppositely, the SWR/J mice demonstrated low freezing and immobility, low post-restraint anxiety and considerable struggling during the forced swim test (active coping). Gene profiling in the amygdala revealed transcriptional patterns that were related to the differential stress reactivity, such as the activation of glucocorticoid-dependent genes specifically in the C57BL/6J mice. Post-restraint blood sampling for corticosterone levels confirmed the association of hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) activation with a passive coping style. Pharmacological tools were used to modulate the stress-coping strategies. The blockade of opioid receptors (ORs) before the aversive event caused transcriptional and neuroendocrine changes in the SWR/J mice that were characteristic of the passive coping strategy. We found that treatment with a glucocorticoid receptor (GR) agonist (dexamethasone (DEX), 4mg/kg) impaired the consolidation of fear memory in the C57BL/6J mice and that this effect was reversed by OR blockade (naltrexone (NTX), 2mg/kg). In parallel, a glucocorticoid receptor antagonist (mifepristone (MIF), 20mg/kg) reversed the effect of morphine (20mg/kg) on conditioned fear in the C57BL/6J mice. Our results suggest that in mice, stress-coping strategies are determined by opioid-dependent mechanisms that modulate activity of the HPA axis.
The evolution of an orbiting sample container for potential Mars sample return

Although NASA has no specific plans at this time to return samples from Mars, the Program Formulation Office of the Mars Exploration Program sponsors ongoing mission concept studies, systems analyses, and technology investments which explore different strategies for the potential return of samples from Mars, consistent with the charter of the program and stated priorities of the science community. A critical component of such a campaign would be an Orbiting Sample container (OS), which would contain the Mars samples to be returned to Earth. This paper discusses the most recent efforts by the JPL's Mars Formulation Office to mature an OS design planned for use on a potential Mars Sample Return (MSR) mission. Similar to the “Decadal Study Architecture” [1], the current MSR architecture envisions as a three-mission campaign with each mission serving a critical role towards returning Martian rock and atmospheric samples back to Earth. An OS would be a central piece of hardware in the proposed MSR architecture due to its interfaces to all the three missions of the potential campaign. Additionally, numerous stakeholders and subsystems such as science and planetary protection impose challenging requirements on the OS's functions and capabilities. As a result, designing an OS that meets all the requirements is challenging and quite complex. The story of the OS's evolution from black box concept thru to the current-and-still-maturing baseline design is the focus of this paper. From the OS's launch off Earth aboard a Sample Retrieval Lander (SRL) through to return to Earth, the design and functional requirements generated by and for each stage of the OS's mission are discussed. Then, with an understanding of what the OS would be required to do, a mapping of the main requirements to the design features of the current OS concept is explained. Many tests and analyses have been conducted to support and validate the current OS design. Results from test and analysis in the areas of aerothermal, impact dynamics, optical tracking, and radio electromagnetics are presented.
Coenzyme Q10, rosuvastatin, and clinical outcomes in heart failure: a pre-specified substudy of CORONA (controlled rosuvastatin multinational study in heart failure).

OBJECTIVES
The purpose of this study was to determine whether coenzyme Q₁₀ is an independent predictor of prognosis in heart failure.


BACKGROUND
Blood and tissue concentrations of the essential cofactor coenzyme Q₁₀ are decreased by statins, and this could be harmful in patients with heart failure.


METHODS
We measured serum coenzyme Q₁₀ in 1,191 patients with ischemic systolic heart failure enrolled in CORONA (Controlled Rosuvastatin Multinational Study in Heart Failure) and related this to clinical outcomes.


RESULTS
Patients with lower coenzyme Q₁₀ concentrations were older and had more advanced heart failure. Mortality was significantly higher among patients in the lowest compared to the highest coenzyme Q₁₀ tertile in a univariate analysis (hazard ratio: 1.50, 95% confidence interval: 1.04 to 2.6, p = 0.03) but not in a multivariable analysis. Coenzyme Q₁₀ was not an independent predictor of any other clinical outcome. Rosuvastatin reduced coenzyme Q₁₀ but there was no interaction between coenzyme Q₁₀ and the effect of rosuvastatin.


CONCLUSIONS
Coenzyme Q₁₀ is not an independent prognostic variable in heart failure. Rosuvastatin reduced coenzyme Q₁₀, but even in patients with a low baseline coenzyme Q₁₀, rosuvastatin treatment was not associated with a significantly worse outcome. (Controlled Rosuvastatin Multinational Study in Heart Failure [CORONA]; NCT00206310).
Addressing the Raven's Progressive Matrices Test of "General" Intelligence

The Raven’s Progressive Matrices (RPM) test is a commonly used test of general human intelligence. The RPM is somewhat unique as a general intelligence test in that it focuses on visual problem solving, and in particular, on visual similarity and analogy. We are developing a small set of methods for problem solving in the RPM which use propositional, imagistic, and multimodal representations, respectively, to investigate how different representations can contribute to visual problem solving and how the effects of their use might emerge in behavior.
Forcing for hat inductive definitions in arithmetic

By forcing, we give a direct interpretation of inline image into Avigad's inline image. To the best of the author's knowledge, this is one of the simplest applications of forcing to “real problems”.
The Conditional Analogy GAN: Swapping Fashion Articles on People Images

We present a novel method to solve image analogy problems [3]: it allows to learn the relation between paired images present in training data, and then generalize and generate images that correspond to the relation, but were never seen in the training set. Therefore, we call the method Conditional Analogy Generative Adversarial Network (CAGAN), as it is based on adversarial training and employs deep convolutional neural networks. An especially interesting application of that technique is automatic swapping of clothing on fashion model photos. Our work has the following contributions. First, the definition of the end-to-end trainable CAGAN architecture, which implicitly learns segmentation masks without expensive supervised labeling data. Second, experimental results show plausible segmentation masks and often convincing swapped images, given the target article. Finally, we discuss the next steps for that technique: neural network architecture improvements and more advanced applications.
Validity of GNRB® arthrometer compared to Telos™ in the assessment of partial anterior cruciate ligament tears

The main goal of this study was to compare the results of the GNRB® arthrometer to those of Telos™ in the diagnosis of partial thickness tears of the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL). A prospective study performed January–December 2011 included all patients presenting with a partial or full-thickness ACL tears without ACL reconstruction and with a healthy contralateral knee. Anterior laxity was measured in all patients by the Telos™ and GNRB® devices. This series included 139 patients, mean age 30.7 ± 9.3 years. Arthroscopic reconstruction was performed in 109 patients, 97 for complete tears and 12 single bundle reconstructions for partial thickness tears. Conservative treatment was proposed in 30 patients with a partial thickness tear. The correlation between the two devices was evaluated by the Spearman coefficient. The optimal laxity thresholds were determined with ROC curves, and the diagnostic value of the tests was assessed by the area under the curve (AUC). The differential laxities of full and partial thickness tears were significantly different with the two tests. The correlation between the results of laxity measurement with the two devices was fair, with the strongest correlation between Telos™ 250 N and GNRB® 250 N (r = 0.46, p = 0.00001). Evaluation of the AUC showed that the informative value of all tests was fair with the best results with the GNRB® 250 N: AUC = 0.89 [95 % CI 0.83–0.94]. The optimal differential laxity threshold with the GNRB® 250 N was 2.5 mm (Se = 84 %, Sp = 81 %). The diagnostic value of GNRB® was better than Telos™ for ACL partial thickness tears. Diagnostic study, Level II.
Phase I and pharmacokinetic study of weekly oral therapy with vinorelbine in patients with advanced breast cancer (ABC).

BACKGROUND
A phase I dose-escalation study of a new formulation of oral vinorelbine was conducted to determine the maximum tolerated dose (MTD) of a once weekly regimen and preliminary pharmacokinetic profile in patients with advanced breast cancer (ABC). Twenty-six patients were treated at dose levels ranging from 60 to 100 mg/m2/week. Pharmacokinetics was assessed during the first administration.


PATIENTS AND METHODS
All patients had histologically confirmed locally advanced or metastatic breast cancer and had received no more than two prior chemotherapy regimens for ABC.


RESULTS
The MTD was 100 mg/m2/week due to the occurrence of dose-limiting neutropenia, nausea/vomiting and constipation in five of six patients. Toxicities at 80 mg/m2/week were manageable, neutropenia being the main toxicity (grade 3-4 seen in 10 of 13 patients). Nausea, vomiting and diarrhoea were common but rarely severe. Vinorelbine was rapidly absorbed with maximum blood concentration (Cmax) of 103.8 +/- 41.6 ng x ml(-1) observed 1.2 +/- 0.8 hours (Tmax) after administration of 80 mg/m2. Pharmacokinetic exposure increased linearly with dose. Area under the concentration-time curve (AUC) and concentration measured 24 hours after drug intake (C24h) were significantly correlated with depletion of neutrophils. Objective tumour responses were reported in 6 of the 14 evaluable patients treated at doses > or = 80 mg/m2/week.


CONCLUSION
The safety profile of oral vinorelbine appears comparable to that of intravenous dosing. The recommended phase II dose is 80 mg/m2/week and requires regular monitoring of neutrophil counts.
A note on one-way and two-way automata

The purpose of this note is to show that there exist non-regular languages whose memory requirements for recognition by one-way and two-way automata differ by a double exponential and that this difference cannot be exceeded.
A THOMAS Based Multi-Agent System for Recommendations and Guidance in Malls

— This article presents a case study in which the THOMAS architecture is applied in order to obtain a multi-agent system (MAS) that can provide recommendations and guidance in a shopping mall. THOMAS is made up of a group of related modules that are well-suited for developing systems in other highly volatile environments similar to a shopping mall. Because the development of this type of system is complex, it is essential to thoroughly analyze the intrinsic characteristics of typical environment applications, and to design all of the system components at a very high level of abstraction. I. INTRODUCTION his article presents a dependable solution for using a novel architecture in designing and building a system for guiding and advising users in a shopping mall. A shopping mall can be considered a dynamic and volatile environment in which shops change, promotions appear and disappear, and the products that are offered are continually changing. As such, a high level design with an abstract architecture is essential. The architecture we used is THOMAS (MeTHods, techniques and tools for Open Multi-Agent Systems) [6][7]. THOMAS is a new architecture for open MAS and is made up of a group of related modules that are well-suited for developing systems in other highly volatile environments similar to a shopping mall. This design will use a high level of abstraction to determine which components are necessary for addressing all of the needs and characteristics of a shopping mall guidance system. Artificial intelligence techniques have given way to new studies that allow, among other things, modeling the problem of a shopping mall in terms of agents and MAS. The shopping mall is turned into an intelligent environment where users are surrounded by these techniques, but do not need to adapt to them. One of the objectives of MAS is to build systems capable of autonomous and flexible decision-making, and that will cooperate with other systems within a " society " [5]. This " society " must consider characteristics such as distribution, continual evolution and flexibility, all of which allow the
Hepatic apoptotic markers are not predictors for the virological response to interferon-based therapy in chronic hepatitis C patients.

INTRODUCTION
Chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is a major health problem worldwide. The majority of cases involving HCV infection develop into chronic hepatitis because of a failure to develop an effective immune response. Apoptosis of the hepatocytes plays a significant role in the pathogenesis of HCV infection: the interaction between the Fas antigen on hepatocytes and the Fas ligand on T cells corresponds to the main mechanism for hepatocyte damage. Interferon (IFN)-α has antiviral, immunoregulatory, and antiproliferative properties, and apoptosis seems to be a critical event in the action mechanisms of both IFNs. In this study, we aimed to detect any relationship between apoptotic markers in the liver and the response to the treatment.


MATERIALS AND METHODS
The study included 180 chronic HCV patients treated with IFN and ribavirin in four centers. Apoptotic markers (Fas, Fas ligand, Fas-associated death domain, caspases 3, 8, and 9, and in-situ apoptosis) were studied in the liver. The age, sex of the patients, response to therapy, ALT level, viral load, and genotype were recorded.


RESULTS
The results of the study showed that the histological activity index and fibrosis correlated with CD95 staining density, caspase-8 intensiveness, and portal and parenchymal Fas ligand scores. The apoptotic parameters of the responsive cases were not significantly different from those of the unresponsive cases.


CONCLUSION
The apoptotic parameters studied in liver tissue are associated with inflammation and fibrosis; however, these parameters may not predict response to treatment.