LLukas22/scidocs huggingface dataset:
PROPOSAL FOR A SATELLITE TEST OF THE CORIOLIS PREDICTIONS OF GENERAL RELATIVITY

Introduction Measurement of Orientation Significance of Experiment Feasibility of the Experiment Major Atmospheric Perturbations A Technique to Minimize the Atmospheric Perturbations Remaining Atmospheric Perturbations The Gravitational Perturbation The Magnetic Perturbation Useful By-products of the Experiment Summary Acknowledgments Table I Summary of Parameters George E. Pugh 12 November 1959 *This article has been reset with errors corrected by editors of this volume. PROPOSAL FOR A SATELLITE TEST OF THE CORIOLIS PREDICTIONS OF GENERAL RELATIVITYa Abstract A technique is proposed to use the gyroscopic stability of a spinning artificial satellite to measure the apparent Coriolis force (Lense-Thirring effect) predicted by general relativity. It is established that the primary satellite ought to be shielded from atmospheric buffeting by a secondary or tender satellite that would accompany the primary test vehicle. Other perturbations considered are interaction with the magnetic field of the earth, and interaction of any gravitational quadrupole moment of the satellite with the gradient of the earth's gravitational field. These interactions are sufficiently small that design of a vehicle to avoid excessive interaction should be possible.A technique is proposed to use the gyroscopic stability of a spinning artificial satellite to measure the apparent Coriolis force (Lense-Thirring effect) predicted by general relativity. It is established that the primary satellite ought to be shielded from atmospheric buffeting by a secondary or tender satellite that would accompany the primary test vehicle. Other perturbations considered are interaction with the magnetic field of the earth, and interaction of any gravitational quadrupole moment of the satellite with the gradient of the earth's gravitational field. These interactions are sufficiently small that design of a vehicle to avoid excessive interaction should be possible. The spinning shielded satellite technique proposed here could make possible a rather accurate measurement of the curvature of space near the earth. This curvature manifests itself in a precession of the spin (the de Sitter-Fokker effect), which is about a factor of 12 larger than the Lense-Thirring effect and thus could provide a logical first step for such a program. Development of the exterior, or tender, satellite alone would offer a number of subsidiary advantages. It could be used with a dummy interior satellite ot obtain drag-free trajectories and thus provide a very accurate tool to study air drag, as well as gravitation and geodetics. By using an interior satellite with very different nuclear composition the tender could be used to establish the equivalence of gravitational and inertial mass to greater accuracy. WSEG RESEARCH MEMORANDUM NO. 11 PROPOSAL FOR A SATELLITE TEST OF THE CORIOLIS PREDICTION OF GENERAL RELATIVITY
Capitalism in Context: Essays on Economic Development and Cultural Change in Honor of R. M. Hartwell

Preface Introduction by John A. James and Mark Thomas Pt. I: The Profile of Progress 1: Patterns of Growth in History Eric L. Jones 2: Frontier Societies and the Diffusion of Growth Mark Thomas 3: Reflections on "The Standard of Living Debate": New Arguments and New Evidence Stanley L. Engerman Pt. II: The Cultural Foundations: Values, Markets, and Peoples 4: Puritanism and Capitalism in Early Massachusetts Stephen Innes 5: The Rise of Free Labor: Economic Change and the Enforcement of Service Contracts in England, 1351-1875 David W. Galenson 6: Cemeteries, Religion, and the Culture of Capitalism Thomas W. Laqueur Pt. III: The Economic Foundations: Labor, Capital, and Technology 7: Leaving the Farm to Go to the City: Did They Leave Quickly Enough? Jeffrey G. Williamson 8: Human Capital and Productivity in Advanced Economies N. F. R. Crafts 9: Savings, Investment, and Economic Growth: The United States in the Nineteenth Century Lance E. Davis, Robert E. Gallman. 10: Progress and Inertia in Technological Change Joel Mokyr Pt. IV: The Organizational Foundations: Property Rights, Government, and Markets 11: The Evolution of Efficient Markets in History Douglass C. North 12: The Political Economy of Institutional Change: Property Rights and the General Revision Act of 1891 Gary D. Libecap 13: Government Growth, Income Growth, and Economic Growth John J. Wallis Postscript The Writings of R. M. Hartwell References Contributors Index
Thompson Sampling for Contextual Bandits with Linear Payoffs

Thompson Sampling is one of the oldest heuristics for multi-armed bandit problems. It is a randomized algorithm based on Bayesian ideas, and has recently generated significant interest after several studies demonstrated it to have better empirical performance compared to the state-of-theart methods. However, many questions regarding its theoretical performance remained open. In this paper, we design and analyze a generalization of Thompson Sampling algorithm for the stochastic contextual multi-armed bandit problem with linear payoff functions, when the contexts are provided by an adaptive adversary. This is among the most important and widely studied version of the contextual bandits problem. We prove a high probability regret bound of Õ( 2 √ T 1+ ) in time T for any 0 < < 1, where d is the dimension of each context vector and is a parameter used by the algorithm. Our results provide the first theoretical guarantees for the contextual version of Thompson Sampling, and are close to the lower bound of Ω(d √ T ) for this problem. This essentially solves a COLT open problem of Chapelle and Li [COLT 2012]. Proceedings of the 30 th International Conference on Machine Learning, Atlanta, Georgia, USA, 2013. JMLR: W&CP volume 28. Copyright 2013 by the author(s).
Assessment of the positioning performance of an industrial robot

Purpose – The purpose of this work is to investigate the use of a laser tracker, a laser interferometer system and a telescopic ballbar for assessing the positioning performance of a six-axis industrial serial robot. The paper also aims to illustrate the limitations of these three metrology instruments for the assessment of robot positioning performance and to demonstrate the inadequacy of simplistic performance tests. Design/methodology/approach – Specific test methods in the case of the laser interferometer system and the telescopic ballbar are proposed. Measurements are analyzed in accordance to the ISO 9283 norm. Findings – It is found that, in static conditions and after a relatively short warm-up, the unidirectional position repeatability of the non-calibrated industrial robot under study (an ABB IRB 1600) is better than 37 μm, the unidirectional orientation repeatability is at worst 87 μrad, the linear position accuracy is better than 650 μm, and the rotation accuracy is at worst 2.8 mrad (mainly because of the sixth robot axis). It was also found that the dynamic (radial) errors due to vibrations can be up to approximately ±250 μm along a small circular path at TCP speed of 700 mm/s. Practical implications – It is pointed out that the use of a laser tracker (or any other large range portable 3D measurement system) is questionable for assessing—let alone analyzing in depth—the unidirectional position repeatability of some of today’s industrial robots. It is also demonstrated that the laser interferometer system can be used for measuring linear errors along a linear path of motion as well as angular errors about axes orthogonal to the path of motion. Finally, it is shown that the telescopic ballbar is an excellent, comparably low-cost, high-precision tool for assessing the static and dynamic positioning performance of industrial robots and its use in robotics should be further developed. Originality/value – This work is the first to detail the use of three metrology equipments for assessing the positioning performance of an industrial robot. Experimental results are presented and discussed. Some guidelines for optimizing the positioning performance of an industrial robot are provided.
A Wireless Charging System Applying Phase-Shift and Amplitude Control to Maximize Efficiency and Extractable Power

Wireless power transfer (WPT) is an emerging technology with an increasing number of potential applications to transfer power from a transmitter to a mobile receiver over a relatively large air gap. However, its widespread application is hampered due to the relatively low efficiency of current Wireless power transfer (WPT) systems. This study presents a concept to maximize the efficiency as well as to increase the amount of extractable power of a WPT system operating in nonresonant operation. The proposed method is based on actively modifying the equivalent secondary-side load impedance by controlling the phase-shift of the active rectifier and its output voltage level. The presented hardware prototype represents a complete wireless charging system, including a dc-dc converter which is used to charge a battery at the output of the system. Experimental results are shown for the proposed concept in comparison to a conventional synchronous rectification approach. The presented optimization method clearly outperforms state-of-the-art solutions in terms of efficiency and extractable power.
Virtualization in Cloud Computing

Cloud computing is one of the most useful technology that is been widely used all over the world. It generally provides on demand IT services and products. Virtualization plays a major role in cloud computing as it provides a virtual storage and computing services to the cloud clients which is only possible through virtualization. Cloud computing is a new business computing paradigm that is based on the concepts of virtualization, multi-tenancy, and shared infrastructure. This paper discusses about cloud computing, how virtualization is done in cloud computing, virtualization basic architecture, its advantages and effects [1].
Network of Information (NetInf) - An information-centric networking architecture

0140-3664/$ see front matter 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.comcom.2013.01.009 q The research leading to these results has been conducted in the SAIL project and received funding from the European Community’s Seventh Framework Program (FP7/2007-2013) under Grant Agreement No. 257448. ⇑ Corresponding author. Tel.: +49 5251 60 5385; fax: +49 5251 60 5377. E-mail addresses: cdannewitz@upb.de (C. Dannewitz), Dirk.Kutscher@neclab.eu (D. Kutscher), Borje.Ohlman@ericsson.com (B. Ohlman), stephen.farrell@cs.tcd.ie (S. Farrell), bengta@sics.se (B. Ahlgren), hkarl@upb.de (H. Karl). 1 <http://www.cisco.com/web/solutions/sp/vni/vni_mobile_forecast_highlights/ index.html>. Christian Dannewitz , Dirk Kutscher b,⇑, Börje Ohlman , Stephen Farrell , Bengt Ahlgren , Holger Karl a
Prediction of Lateral Ankle Sprains in Football Players Based on Clinical Tests and Body Mass Index.

BACKGROUND
The lateral ankle sprain (LAS) is the most common injury suffered in sports, especially in football. While suggested in some studies, a predictive role of clinical tests for LAS has not been established.


PURPOSE
To determine which clinical tests, focused on potentially modifiable factors of movement patterns and body mass index (BMI), could best demonstrate risk of LAS among high school and collegiate football players.


STUDY DESIGN
Case-control study; Level of evidence, 3.


METHODS
A total of 539 high school and collegiate football players were evaluated during the preseason with the Star Excursion Balance Test (SEBT) and Functional Movement Screen as well as BMI. Results were compared between players who did and did not suffer an LAS during the season. Logistic regression analyses and calculated odds ratios were used to determine which measures predicted risk of LAS.


RESULTS
The LAS group performed worse on the SEBT-anterior reaching direction (SEBT-ANT) and had higher BMI as compared with the noninjured group (P < .001). The strongest prediction models corresponded with the SEBT-ANT.


CONCLUSION
Low performance on the SEBT-ANT predicted a risk of LAS in football players. BMI was also significantly higher in football players who sustained an LAS. Identifying clinical tools for successful LAS injury risk prediction will be a critical step toward the creation of effective prevention programs to reduce risk of sustaining an LAS during participation in football.
The Utopian Function of Art and Literature: Selected Essays

These essays in aesthetics by the philosopher Ernst Bloch belong to the tradition of cultural criticism represented by Georg Lukacs, Theodor Adorno, and Walter Benjamin. Bloch's fascination with art as a reflection of both social realities and human dreams is evident in them. Whether he is discussing architecture or detective novels, the theme that drives the work is always the same - the striving for "something better," for a "homeland" that is more socially aware, more humane, more just.The book opens with an illuminating discussion between Bloch and Adorno on the meaning of utopia; then follow 12 essays written between 1930 and 1973, on topics as diverse as aesthetic theory, genres such as music, painting, theater, film, opera, poetry, and the novel, and perhaps most important, popular culture in the form of fairy tales, detective stories, and dime novels.Ernst Bloch (1885-1977) was a profoundly original and unorthodox philosopher, social theorist, and cultural critic. The MIT Press has previously published his Natural Law and Human Dignity and his magnum opus, The Principle of Hope. The Utopian Function of Art and Literature is included in the series Studies in Contemporary German Social Thought, edited by Thomas McCarthy.
Shiftwork in the Norwegian petroleum industry: overcoming difficulties with family and social life – a cross sectional study

BACKGROUND
Continuous shift schedules are required in the petroleum industry because of its dependency on uninterrupted production. Although shiftwork affects health, less is known about its effects on social and domestic life.


METHODS
Consequently, we studied these relationships in a sample of 1697 (response rate 55.9%) petroleum workers who worked onshore and offshore for a Norwegian oil and gas company. We also examined the roles of coping strategies and locus of control for handling self-reported problems with social and domestic life. A questionnaire containing scales from the Standard Shiftwork Index and Shiftwork Locus of Control was answered electronically.


RESULTS
In general, only a few participants reported that their shift schedule affected their social and domestic/family life, and several participants had enough time to spend by themselves and with their partner, close family, friends, and children. Despite this general positive trend, differences were found for shift type and individual factors such as locus of control and coping strategies. Internal locus of control was associated positively with all the dependent variables. However, engaging problem-focused coping strategies were associated only slightly with the dependent variables, while disengaging emotion-focused coping strategies were negatively associated with the dependent variables.


CONCLUSION
Since most participants reported few problems with social and domestic/family life, the availability of more leisure time may be a positive feature of shiftwork in the Norwegian petroleum industry. Locus of control and the use of coping strategies were important for shiftworkers' social and domestic/family life.
Attacking smart card systems: Theory and practice

Smart card technology has evolved over the last few years following notable improvements in the underlying hardware and software platforms. Advanced smart card microprocessors, along with robust smart card operating systems and platforms, contribute towards a broader acceptance of the technology. These improvements have eliminated some of the traditional smart card security concerns. However, researchers and hackers are constantly looking for new issues and vulnerabilities. In this article we provide a brief overview of the main smart card attack categories and their corresponding countermeasures. We also provide examples of well-documented attacks on systems that use smart card technology (e.g. satellite TV, EMV, proximity identification) in an attempt to highlight the importance of the security of the overall system rather than just the smart card. a 2009 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
High doses of vascular endothelial growth factor 165 safely, but transiently, improve myocardial perfusion in no-option ischemic disease.

UNLABELLED
Gene therapy can induce angiogenesis in ischemic tissues. The aim of this study was to assess safety, feasibility, and results, both clinical and on myocardial perfusion, of gene therapy in refractory angina. This was a phase I/II, prospective, temporal-controlled series, clinical trial. Thirteen patients were maintained for minimum 6 months under optimized clinical management, and then received intramyocardial injections of 2000 μg plasmid vascular endothelial growth factor 165 and were followed by single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT), treadmill tests, Minnesota quality of life questionnaire (QOL), and New York Heart Association (NYHA) functional plus Canadian Cardiovascular Society (CCS) angina classifications. There were no deaths, early or late. During the optimized clinical treatment, we observed worsening of rest ischemia scores on SPECT (p<0.05). After treatment, there was a transitory increase in myocardial perfusion at the third-month SPECT under stress (pre-operative [pre-op] 18.38 ± 7.51 vs. 3 months 15.31 ± 7.30; p<0.01) and at the sixth month under rest (pre-op 13.23 ± 7.98 vs. 6 months: 16.92 ± 7.27; p<0.01). One year after, there were improvements in treadmill test steps (pre-op 2.46 ± 2.07 vs.12 months 4.15 ± 2.23; p<0.01) and oxygen consumption (pre-op 7.66 ± 4.47 vs.12 months 10.89 ± 4.65; p<0.05), QOL (pre-op 48.23 ± 18.35 vs.12 months 28.31 ± 18.14; p<0.01) scores, and CCS (pre-op 3 [3-3.5] vs.12 months 2 [1-2.5]; p<0.01) and NYHA (pre-op 3 [3-3] vs. 2 [2-2] vs. 12 months 2 [1-2]; p<0.01) classes. Gene therapy demonstrated to be feasible and safe in this advanced ischemic cardiomyopathy patient sample. There were improvements in clinical evaluation parameters, and a transitory increase in myocardial perfusion detectable by SPECT scintigraphy.


CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION
NCT00744315 http://clinicaltrials.gov/
Tail call elimination on the Java Virtual Machine

A problem that often has to be solved by compilers for functional languages targeting the Java Virtual Machine is the elimination of tail calls. This paper explains how we solved it in our Funnel compiler and presents some experimental results about the impact our technique has on both performance and size of the compiled programs.
Quantitative short-term study of anal sphincter function after chemoradiation for rectal cancer.

HYPOTHESIS
Pelvic irradiation adversely affects anal sphincter function after proctectomy with coloanal anastomosis for low rectal and middle rectal (<10 cm from the anal verge) tumors.


DESIGN
Case-control study.


SETTING
Private, tertiary care referral center.


PATIENTS
Patients treated for low rectal adenocarcinoma between January 1, 1994, and October 31, 1999.


INTERVENTIONS
Anal manometric data were prospectively collected at the time of initial diagnosis and before ileostomy closure.


MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES
Mean and maximum resting pressures (RPs) and squeeze pressures, threshold volume for sensation, and maximal tolerable volume.


RESULTS
Twenty-three patients in the surgery group and 19 in the chemoradiotherapy group were considered for analysis; 15 patients had preoperative radiotherapy and 4 had postoperative radiotherapy. At the time of ileostomy closure, RPs were significantly lower in the chemoradiotherapy group than in the surgery group (32.7 +/- 17 vs 45.3 +/- 18 mm Hg; P =.03). Squeeze pressures were not significantly different between the surgery and chemoradiotherapy groups (108.7 +/- 56.7 vs 102.0 +/- 52.6 mm Hg; P =.69). The ratios of postresection to preresection RPs were also significantly lower in the chemoradiotherapy group (0.49 +/- 0.29) than in the surgery group (0.76 +/- 0.22) (P =.005). Eight to 12 weeks after proctectomy with coloanal anastomosis, a 24% decrease in RP was noted in the surgery group. The addition of adjuvant pelvic irradiation decreased RP by another 27%.


CONCLUSION
Adequate shielding of the anal sphincter should be performed for low rectal cancers whenever a sphincter-preserving procedure is considered.
Cross-cultural validity of FIM in spinal cord injury

Objective:To analyse cross-culture validity of the Functional Independence Measure (FIM™) in patients with a spinal cord injury using a modern psychometric approach.Settings:A total of 19 rehabilitation facilities from four countries in Europe.Participants:A total of 647 patients at admission, median age 46 years, 69% male.Methods:Data from the FIM™, collected on inpatient admission, was fitted to the Rasch model. A detailed analysis of scoring functions of the seven categories of the FIM™ items was undertaken before to testing fit to the model. Categories were rescored where necessary. Fit to the model was assessed initially within country, and then in the pooled data. Analysis of differential item functioning (DIF) was undertaken in the pooled data for each of the FIM™ motor and social cognitive scales, respectively. Final fit to the model was tested for breach of local independence by principle components analysis (PCA).Results:The present scoring system for the FIM™ motor and cognitive scales, that is a seven category scale, was found to be invalid, necessitating extensive rescoring. Following this, DIF was found in a number of items within the motor scale, requiring a complex solution of splitting items by country to allow for the valid pooling of data. Five country-specific items could not be retained within this solution. The FIM cognitive scale fitted the Rasch model after rescoring, but there was a substantial ceiling effect.Conclusions:Data from the FIM™ motor scale for patients with spinal cord injury should not be pooled in its raw form, or compared from country to country. Only after fit to the Rasch model and necessary adjustments could such a comparison be made, but with a loss of clinical important items. The FIM cognitive scale works well following rescoring, and data may be pooled, but many patients were at the maximum score.
Intelligibility of machine translation output in speech synthesis

One use of text-to-speech synthesis (TTS) is as a component of speech-to-speech translation systems. The output of automatic machine translation (MT) can vary widely in quality, however. A synthetic voice that is extremely intelligible on naturally-occurring text may be far less intelligible when asked to render text that is automatically generated. In this paper, we compare the quality of synthesis of naturally-occurring text and its MT counterpart. We find that intelligibility of TTS on MT output is significantly lower than on either naturally-occurring text or semantically unpredictable sentences, and explore the reasons why.
ITP/OCL: A Rewriting-Based Validation Tool for UML+OCL Static Class Diagrams

In this paper we present the ITP/OCL tool, a rewritingbased tool that supports automatic validation of UML class diagrams with respect to OCL constraints. Its implementation is directly based on the equational specification of UML+OCL class diagrams. It is written entirely in Maude making extensive use of its reflective capabilities. We also give notice of the Visual ITP/OCL, a Java graphical interface that can be used as a front-end for the ITP/OCL tool.