LLukas22/scidocs huggingface dataset:
Pharmacokinetics of diluted (U20) insulin aspart compared with standard (U100) in children aged 3–6 years with type 1 diabetes during closed-loop insulin delivery: a randomised clinical trial

The aim of this study was to compare the pharmacokinetics of two different concentrations of insulin aspart (B28Asp human insulin) in children aged 3–6 years with type 1 diabetes. Young children with type 1 diabetes underwent an open-label, randomised, two-period crossover study in a clinical research facility, 2–6 weeks apart. In random order, diluted (1:5 dilution with saline [154 mmol/l NaCl]; 20 U/ml) or standard strength (100 U/ml) insulin aspart was administered via an insulin pump as a meal bolus and then overnight by closed-loop insulin delivery as determined by a model predictive algorithm. Plasma insulin was measured every 30–60 min from 17:00 hours on day 1 to 8:00 hours on day 2. We measured the time-to-peak insulin concentration (t max ), insulin metabolic clearance rate (MCR I ) and background insulin concentration (ins c ) using compartmental modelling. Eleven children (six male; age range 3.75–6.96 years, HbA1c 7.6% ± 1.3% [60 ± 14 mmol/mol], BMI standard deviation score 1.0 ± 0.8, duration of diabetes 2.2 ± 1.0 years, total daily dose 12.9 [10.6–16.5] U, fasting C-peptide concentration 5 [5–17.1] pmol/l; mean ± SD or median [interquartile range]) participated in the study. No differences between standard and diluted insulin were observed in terms of t max (59.2 ± 14.4 vs 61.6 ± 8.7) min for standard vs diluted, p = 0.59; MCR I (1.98 × 10−2 ± 0.99 × 10−2 vs 1.89 × 10−2 ± 0.82 × 10−2 1/kg/min, p = 0.47), and ins c (34 [1–72] vs 23 [3–65] pmol/l, p = 0.66). However, t max showed less intersubject variability following administration of diluted aspart (SD 14.4 vs 8.7 min, p = 0.047). Diluting insulin aspart does not change its pharmacokinetics. However, it may result in less variable absorption and could be used in young children with type 1 diabetes undergoing closed-loop insulin delivery. Trial registration: Clinicaltrials.gov NCT01557634 Funding: Funding was provided by the JDRF, 7th Framework Programme of the European Union, Wellcome Trust Strategic Award and the National Institute for Health Research Cambridge Biomedical Research Centre.
Data Matching

Make more knowledge even in less time every day. You may not always spend your time and money to go abroad and get the experience and knowledge by yourself. Reading is a good alternative to do in getting this desirable knowledge and experience. You may gain many things from experiencing directly, but of course it will spend much money. So here, by reading data matching, you can take more advantages with limited budget.
Innovation, automation and the long-wave theory

Abstract The author considers the role played by technological innovation in the theoretical frameworks found in the literature on long waves. Some writers place emphasis on consumer good innovations, some on capital good innovations, some on new technologies which affect consumer and capital goods, while others take no view on the relative roles of consumer and capital goods innovations. It is suggested that capital goods innovations embodying automation may have been important in the mechanism of the current long wave. Data on employment, rates of return, and value-added for the engineering industries lend support to the view that expectations and propensity to innovate may have been high in the capital goods sector before the upswing of the current long wave.
Female Genital Mutilation: perceptions of healthcare professionals and the perspective of the migrant families

BACKGROUND
Female Genital Mutilation (FGM) is a traditional practice which is harmful to health and is profoundly rooted in many Sub-Saharan African countries. It is estimated that between 100 and 140 million women around the world have been victims of some form of FGM and that each year 3 million girls are at risk of being submitted to these practices. As a consequence of the migratory phenomena, the problems associated with FGM have extended to the Western countries receiving the immigrants. The practice of FGM has repercussions on the physical, psychic, sexual and reproductive health of women, severely deteriorating their current and future quality of life. Primary healthcare professionals are in a privileged position to detect and prevent these situations of risk which will be increasingly more present in Spain.


METHODS/DESIGN
The objective of the study is to describe the knowledge, attitudes and practices of the primary healthcare professionals, working in 25 health care centres in Barcelona and Girona regions, regarding FGM, as well as to investigate the perception of this subject among the migrant communities from countries with strong roots in these practices. A transversal descriptive study will be performed with a questionnaire to primary healthcare professionals and migrant healthcare users.Using a questionnaire specifically designed for this study, we will evaluate the knowledge, attitudes and skills of the healthcare professionals to approach this problem. In a sub-study, performed with a similar methodology but with the participation of cultural mediators, the perceptions of the migrant families in relation to their position and expectancies in view of the result of preventive interventions will be determined.Variables related to the socio-demographic aspects, knowledge of FGM (types, cultural origin, geographic distribution and ethnicity), evaluation of attitudes and beliefs towards FGM and previous contact or experience with cases or risk situations will be obtained.


DISCUSSION
Knowledge of these harmful practices and a preventive approach from a transcultural perspective may represent a positive intervention model for integrative care of immigrants, respecting their values and culture while also being effective in eliminating the physical and psychic consequences of FGM.
A novel downscaling technique for the linkage of global and regional air quality modeling

Recent year, downscaling global atmospheric model outputs (GCTM) for the USEPA Community Multiscale Air Quality (CMAQ) Initial (IC) and Boundary Conditions (BC) have become practical because of the rapid growth of computational technologies that allow global simulations can be completed within a reasonable time. The traditional method of generating IC/BC by profile data has lost its advocators due to the weakness of the limited horizontal and vertical variations found on the gridded boundary layers. Theoretically, high quality GCTM IC/BC should yield a better result in CMAQ. However, several researchers have found that the outputs from GCTM IC/BC do not necessary better than profile IC/BC due to the excessive transport of O3 aloft in GCTM IC/BC. In this paper, we are in effort to investigate the effects of using profile IC/BC and global atmospheric model data, in addition, suggesting a novel approach to resolve the existing issue in the downscaling. In the study, we utilize the GEOS-Chem model outputs to generate time-varied and layer-varied IC/BC for year 2002 with our newly development of tropopause determining algorithm. Comparison of the new tropopause approach and profile IC/BC approach is performed to demonstrate improvement of adding tropopause in the downscaling process. It is observed that without tropopause in the downscaling process, it creates unrealistic O3 concentrations in IC/BC at the upper boundary conditions for regional tropospheric model. This phenomenon has caused over-prediction of surface O3 in CMAQ. And it is greatly affected by temperature and latitudinal location of the study domain. With the implementation of our algorithm, we have successfully resolved the incompatibility issues in the vertical layer structure between global and regions chemistry models to yield better surface O3 predictions than profile IC/BC on both summer and winter conditions. At the same time, it improved the vertical O3 distribution of CMAQ outputs. It is strongly recommended that this tropopause algorithm should be incorporated into any two-ways coupled global and regional models, where tropospheric regional model is used, to solve the vertical incompatibility existing between global and regional models.
Clitics as Nonbranching Elements and the Linear Correspondence Axiom

CLITICS AS NONBRANCHING ELEMENTS AND THE LINEAR CORRESPONDENCE AXIOM Željko Bošković University of Connecticut Recent work on South Slavic cliticization standardly assumes that clitic ordering in Bulgarian (Bg) and Macedonian (Mac) is derived through rightward head adjunction, which is inconsistent with Kayne’s (1994) Linear Correspondence Axiom (LCA). In this squib I show that this potentially very serious problem for the LCA can be resolved if we adopt a particular approach to the structural representation of clitics, which is meant to hold crosslinguistically: namely, that clitics are syntactically defined as nonbranching elements (i.e., ambiguous X/XPs), as suggested in Chomsky 1995a. To the extent that it is successful, the analysis presented here will provide evidence for the clitics-as-nonbranching-elements hypothesis. Below, I confine the discussion of Bg/Mac clitics to the issues directly relevant to my current theoretical concerns, a strategy that leads me to ignore a number of very interesting issues the phenomenon raises. For more comprehensive recent discussions of cliticization in Bg and/or Mac, see Alexandrova 1997, Avgustinova 1994, Boeckx and Stjepanović 2000, Bošković 2001b, Caink 1998, Čašule 1997, Dimitrova-Vulchanova 1995, Dimitrova-Vulchanova and Hellan 1999, Franks 1998, Franks and King 2000, King 1996, Legendre 2000, Penčev 1993, Rivero 1997, Rudin 1997, and Tomić 1996, 1997, among others. The main verb and the clitic cluster consisting of auxiliary and pronominal clitics are standardly assumed to be located in the same head position in Bg and Mac constructions like (1a–b), because of their impenetrability and the fact that the verb carries clitics along when moving to a higher head. (I will refer to the clitic cluster main
Tutorial for the WGCNA package for R : I . Network analysis of liver expression data in female mice 3 . Relating modules to external information and identifying important genes

3 Relating modules to external clinical traits 2 3.a Quantifying module–trait associations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 3.b Gene relationship to trait and important modules: Gene Significance and Module Membership . . . . 2 3.c Intramodular analysis: identifying genes with high GS and MM . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 3.d Summary output of network analysis results . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
Effect of Warm-Supplementing Kidney Yang (WSKY) added to risperidone on quality of life in patients with schizophrenia: a randomized controlled trial.

OBJECTIVE
To evaluate the quality of life, efficacy and safety of Warm-Supplementing Kidney Yang (WSKY) added to risperidone in patients with schizophrenia.


DESIGN
A randomized controlled trial.


SETTING
The outpatient and inpatient departments of three hospitals.


SUBJECTS
One hundred and twenty patients with clinically diagnosed schizophrenia with predominantly negative symptoms were included in the study.


INTERVENTION
All 120 patients were randomly assigned to double-blind treatment with WSKY group (n = 60) or placebo group (n = 60) added to risperidone for eight weeks.


MAIN MEASURE
The efficacy measures included the World Health Organization Quality of Life Scale (WHOQOL-100), the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS), the Social Disability Screening Schedule and the Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression. Safety and tolerability were assessed throughout the trial.


RESULTS
The scores of quality of life in the WSKY group showed statistically significant improvement at the end-point of treatment compared with those in the placebo group (WSKY, increasing 40.5 (29.4); placebo, increasing 14.4 (27.1); F =24.900, P<0.001), while the scores of social function and depression symptoms also showed statistically significant improvement. The response rates for the WHOQOL-100 total scores were 50.0% for the WSKY group versus 31.7% for placebo group (chi( 2) = 4.172, P=0.041). There were no significant differences in the safety/tolerability measures between the WSKY group and the placebo group during treatment.


CONCLUSIONS
The results suggest that WSKY added to risperidone significantly improved the quality of life, social function, depression symptom compared with placebo added to risperidone.
Process-centric business intelligence

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to deliver an insight into the interaction effects of process-oriented management and business intelligence (BI). Design/methodology/approach – The paper takes up publications from the fields of BI and business process management and analyzes the state-of-the-art of process-centric business intelligence (PCBI). To highlight the potentials and limitations of the concept, two exemplary use cases are presented and discussed in depth. Furthermore, a vision for the technical implementation is sketched. Findings – PCBI is found to play an important role in an organization’s strive for competitiveness. The concept’s potential benefits are significant. However, the overall levels of adoption and maturity of the concept within real-world organizations appear to be rather low at the moment. Research limitations/implications – The paper discusses solely two exemplary use cases – the most that could be done within the scope of a journal publication. Therefore, the explanatory power and the representativeness of the results need to be scrutinized in detail. Practical implications – The paper highlights the practical significance of PCBI. It therefore represents a useful source of information for both practitioners and academics who are interested in improving the efficiency and effectiveness of an organization’s information supply in support of its processes. Originality/value – The paper motivates, describes, and analyzes the concept of PCBI. Furthermore, it provides examples of the concept’s adoption and benefits from a practitioner’s point of view.
Assessing metal bioaccumulation in aquatic environments: the inverse relationship between bioaccumulation factors, trophic transfer factors and exposure concentration.

Bioaccumulation potential in aquatic biota is typically expressed using ratios of chemical concentrations in organism tissue (typically whole body) relative to chemical exposure concentrations, such as bioconcentration factors (BCFs). Past reviews of metal BCFs for aquatic biota, which account for water-only exposures, have shown that BCFs are often highly variable between organisms and generally inversely related to exposure concentration. This paper further evaluates trends in metal bioaccumulation data by evaluating data for bioaccumulation factors (BAFs) and trophic transfer factors (TTFs). Bioaccumulation factor data were compiled from field studies that account for combined waterborne and dietary metal exposures. Trophic transfer factor data for metals were compiled from laboratory studies in which aquatic food chains were simulated. Natural aquatic food webs are rarely sufficiently understood to properly evaluate exact predator-prey relationships (i.e., TTFs). Results indicate that field BAFs, like laboratory BCFs, tend to be significantly (p < or = 0.05) inversely related to exposure concentration. Bioaccumulation factors are frequently 100-1000 times larger than BCFs for the same metal and species. This difference is attributed to both lower exposure levels in the field and inclusion of the dietary exposure route. Trophic transfer factors for the metals reviewed, including selenium and methyl mercury were also observed to be inversely related to exposure concentration, particularly at lower exposure concentrations. These inverse relationships have important implications for environmental regulations (e.g., hazard classification and tissue residue-based water quality criteria) and for the use of metal bioaccumulation data in site-specific environmental evaluations, such as ecological and human health risk assessments. Data presented indicate that for metals and metalloids, unlike organic substances, no one BAF or TTF can be used to express bioaccumulation and/or trophic transfer without consideration of the exposure concentration.
Use of hyaluronic acid fillers for the treatment of the aging face

Hyaluronic acid fillers have become popular soft tissue filler augmentation agents over the past several years. They have helped revolutionize the filler market with a number of new products available for use for our patients. The purpose of this manuscript is to review the characteristics of the HA fillers and to review each of the current products currently available for use in the US.
Natural Products as a Vital Source for the Discovery of Cancer Chemotherapeutic and Chemopreventive Agents

Throughout history, natural products have played a dominant role in the treatment of human ailments. For example, the legendary discovery of penicillin transformed global existence. Presently, natural products comprise a large portion of current-day pharmaceutical agents, most notably in the area of cancer therapy. Examples include Taxol, vinblastine, and camptothecin. These structurally unique agents function by novel mechanisms of action; isolation from natural sources is the only plausible method that could have led to their discovery. In addition to terrestrial plants as sources for starting materials, the marine environment (e.g., ecteinascidin 743, halichondrin B, and dolastatins), microbes (e.g., bleomycin, doxorubicin, and staurosporin), and slime molds (e.g., epothilone B) have yielded remarkable cancer chemotherapeutic agents. Irrespective of these advances, cancer remains a leading cause of death worldwide. Undoubtedly, the prevention of human cancer is highly preferable to treatment. Cancer chemoprevention, the use of vaccines or pharmaceutical agents to inhibit, retard, or reverse the process of carcinogenesis, is another important approach for easing this formidable public health burden. Similar to cancer chemotherapeutic agents, natural products play an important role in this field. There are many examples, including dietary phytochemicals such as sulforaphane and phenethyl isothiocyanate (cruciferous vegetables) and resveratrol (grapes and grape products). Overall, natural product research is a powerful approach for discovering biologically active compounds with unique structures and mechanisms of action. Given the unfathomable diversity of nature, it is reasonable to suggest that chemical leads can be generated that are capable of interacting with most or possibly all therapeutic targets.
[Child battering and adult psychopathology: an empiric study].

BACKGROUND
Childhood trauma and battering have been associated with adult psychopathology.


AIM
To explore the relationship between childhood trauma, somatization, post traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), affective disorder and borderline personality disorder in hospitalized patients of four Chilean hospitals.


MATERIAL AND METHODS
Five hundred five patients were screened by a short seven item trauma recollection scale (70 from San Bernardo Hospital, 193 from Salvador Hospital, 97 from El Trabajador Hospital and 147 from Curico Hospital). A random sample of 85 cases was studied in depth using the CIDI 2.1, depression, PTSD and somatization scales, Inventory of Personality Organization (IPO) and the OQ 45.2 scale.


RESULTS
Forty five percent of patients did not report traumatic experiences, 38.4% recalled one or two events and 16.3% three or more traumatic experiences. The most remembered event was physical punishment (28.7%), followed by traumatic separation from parents (27.1%), alcohol and drug use by an adult at home (22%) and presence of family violence (22%). Thirty two percent of the 85 selected cases met CIDI criteria for affective disorder, 20% for post traumatic stress disorder and 11.8% for somatization disorder. There were statistically significant correlations between the frequence of trauma and post traumatic stress disorder (p <0.001), as well as somatization and depressive disorder (p <0.007 and 0.008).


CONCLUSIONS
This study supports the concept that traumatic psychosocial environments during childhood are a risk factor for diverse psychiatric syndromes during adulthood.
Robust magnon-photon coupling in a planar-geometry hybrid of inverted split-ring resonator and YIG film

We experimentally demonstrate strongly enhanced coupling between excited magnons in an Yttrium Iron Garnet (YIG) film and microwave photons in an inverted pattern of split-ring resonator (noted as ISRR). The anti-crossing effects of the ISRR’s photon mode and the YIG’s magnon modes were found from |S21|-versus-frequency measurements for different strengths and directions of externally applied magnetic fields. The spin-number-normalized coupling strength (i.e. single spin-photon coupling) $${g}_{{\rm{eff}}}/2\pi \sqrt{N}$$ g eff / 2 π N was determined to 0.194 Hz ( $${g}_{{\rm{eff}}}/2\pi $$ g eff / 2 π  = 90 MHz) at 3.7 GHz frequency. Furthermore, we found that additional fine features in the anti-crossing region originate from the excitation of different spin-wave modes (such as the magnetostatic surface and the backward-volume magnetostatic spin-waves) rather than the Kittel-type mode. These spin-wave modes, as coupled with the ISRR mode, modify the anti-crossing effect as well as their coupling strength. An equivalent circuit model very accurately reproduced the observed anti-crossing effect and its coupling strength variation with the magnetic field direction in the planar-geometry ISRR/YIG hybrid system. This work paves the way for the design of new types of high-gain magnon-photon coupling systems in planar geometry.
Multivoxel proton MR spectroscopy in malformations of cortical development.

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE
Malformations of cortical development (MCD) are traditionally considered as a cause of epilepsy. Our aim was to study patients with focal MCD, by using multivoxel proton MR spectroscopy; we focused not only on the lesion but also on the normal-appearing contralateral side (NACS). Our hypothesis was that the metabolic abnormality extends to the NACS; therefore, it would be inadequate to consider NACS as an internal control.


MATERIALS AND METHODS
We studied 16 patients with focal MCD. MR spectroscopy was performed by using a point-resolved spectroscopy sequence technique, including the MCD area and the NACS. In each volume of interest, a smaller volume of interest of 2.25 cm(3) centered on the MCD was selected to study the N-acetylaspartate/creatine (NAA/Cr) ratio. In NACS, this ratio was studied by placing a symmetric voxel in comparison with the smaller MCD volume of interest. A control group (n=30) was also studied to evaluate both white and gray matter by using the same MR spectroscopy protocol.


RESULTS
From 16 analyzed volumes of interest with MCD, 9 were composed of gray matter heterotopia and 7 of cortical dysplasia. MR spectroscopy of both MCD lesions and NACS (n=10) showed decreased NAA/Cr compared with that of the control group. NACS in these patients did not present significant differences regarding NAA/Cr in comparison with the affected side.


CONCLUSIONS
MR spectroscopy demonstrated abnormal NAA/Cr in both MCD lesions and NACS in patients harboring focal MCD, giving support to the hypothesis that in MCD metabolic abnormalities extend far away from the limits of the lesion, reaching the contralateral side.