LLukas22/scidocs huggingface dataset:
Converging paths to Notes: In search of computer-based information systems in a networked company

Introduction Changing economic and political circumstances have created a push towards greater flexibility and mobility. Various new organizational types, for example networks, are expected to help in this. Typical of these “networked organizations”(Rockart and Short, 1991) are fluid boundaries with changing membership, absence of hierarchy, and trust-based relationships (Powell, 1990). The primary needs of these “imaginary” (Hedberg, 1991) or “virtual” (Sotto, 1993) organizations are to communicate, co-ordinate and collaborate, independent of time and of place (Grudin, 1994; Schmidt and Bannon, 1992) in a way that supports the above-mentioned characteristics of networks. The nature and uses of information systems to support these functions – sometimes labelled as computer supported co-operative work applications – have been empirically studied for several years (e.g., ACM, 1986; 1988; 1990; 1992; 1994), but mainly in normal hierarchical organizations. Also two other strands of research focusing on networked organizations have been largely unexplored. First, the search for what is actually needed, prior to the more focused information system requirements analysis, is often taken as accomplished (Thomas, 1992). Second, the whole area of what kind of information systems a networked organization could most benefit from is largely under-explored (Allen and Scott Morton, 1994; Scott Morton, 1991). Scarcity of empirical studies also applies to more traditional small organizations (an overview in Chau, 1994). In this study, a small company, which we here call Collegiate Computer Consulting Inc. (CCC), seeks a combination of computer-based information systems (CBISs) to support its administrative and co-operative activities[1].
A response to the design-oriented information systems research memorandum

Received: 3 October 2010 Revised: 24 October 2010 Accepted: 2 November 2010 Abstract In response to Österle et al.’s ‘Memorandum on Design Oriented Information Systems Research’, this commentary disputes, and expands the context of, several premises used to justify the main argument in the memorandum. These include: (1) claims about the evolution and role of design science research in the broader IS community and its position in the so-called ‘AngloSaxon community’, (2) the journal reviewing standards applied to design science research and what is perceived to be a sole focus on behavioral ‘descriptive’ research in certain IS journals. This commentary also discusses how such journals operate and set up their missions, review principles, and standards. European Journal of Information Systems (2011) 20, 11–15. doi:10.1057/ejis.2010.56; published online 7 December 2010
Prognostic relevance of circulating tumor cells in blood and disseminated tumor cells in bone marrow of patients with squamous cell carcinoma of the oral cavity.

PURPOSE
Current staging methods for squamous cell carcinomas (SCC) of the oral cavity (OSCC) need to be improved to predict the risk of individual patients. Because hematogenous tumor cell dissemination is a key event in tumor progression, we assessed the prognostic significance of disseminated tumor cells (DTC) in bone marrow and circulating tumor cells (CTC) in peripheral blood from patients with OSCC.


EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN
From 110 patients with OSCC, tumors were surgically resected (R0) without neoadjuvant therapy. The CellSearch system was used to enumerate CTCs. Bone marrow was aspirated from the iliac crest, and mononuclear cells (MNC) were enriched by Ficoll density gradient centrifugation. To detect DTCs, MNCs were immunostained with the pan-keratin antibody A45-B/B3. Results were correlated with clinicopathologic parameters and clinical outcome such as recurrence and death during follow-up time (mean 916 days).


RESULTS
Ten of 80 patients (12.5%) harbored CTCs in peripheral blood, whereas in 18 of 90 patients (20.0%) DTCs in bone marrow could be detected. Surprisingly, in only 2 patients (1.8%) CTCs and DTCs were detected simultaneously. Significant correlations could be found for CTCs and tumor size (P = 0.04), nodal status and DTCs (P = 0.02), and distant metastasis with CTCs (P = 0.004) and DTCs (P = 0.005). Univariate and multivariate analyses revealed that CTCs and DTCs were significant and independent predictors of recurrence-free survival (P < 0.001).


CONCLUSIONS
Both DTCs and CTCs are independent prognostic markers in patients with OSCC, predicting relapse with higher sensitivity at various disease stages than routine staging procedures. Bone marrow might be an interesting target organ for future therapeutic interventions.
Phase III open-label randomized study of cytarabine in combination with amonafide L-malate or daunorubicin as induction therapy for patients with secondary acute myeloid leukemia.

PURPOSE
Secondary acute myeloid leukemia (sAML), defined as AML arising after a prior myelodysplastic syndrome or after antineoplastic therapy, responds poorly to current therapies. It is often associated with adverse karyotypic abnormalities and overexpression of proteins that mediate drug resistance. We performed a phase III trial to determine whether induction therapy with cytarabine and amonafide L-malate, a DNA intercalator and non-ATP-dependent topoisomerase II inhibitor that evades drug resistance mechanisms, yielded a superior complete remission rate than standard therapy with cytarabine and daunorubicin in sAML.


PATIENTS AND METHODS
Patients with previously untreated sAML were randomly assigned at a one-to-one ratio to cytarabine 200 mg/m(2) continuous intravenous (IV) infusion once per day on days 1 to 7 plus either amonafide 600 mg/m(2) IV over 4 hours on days 1 to 5 (A + C arm) or daunorubicin 45 mg/m(2) IV over 30 minutes once per day on days 1 to 3 (D + C arm).


RESULTS
The complete remission (CR) rate was 46% (99 of 216 patients) in A + C arm and 45% (97 of 217 patients) in D + C arm (P = .81). The 30- and 60-day mortality rates were 19% and 28% in A + C arm and 13% and 21% in D + C arm, respectively.


CONCLUSION
Induction treatment with A + C did not improve the CR rate compared with D + C in patients with sAML.
The effects of mindfulness-based stress reduction on objective and subjective sleep parameters in women with breast cancer: a randomized controlled trial.

OBJECTIVE
The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of mindfulness-based stress reduction for breast cancer survivors (MBSR(BC)) on multiple measures of objective and subjective sleep parameters among breast cancer survivors (BCS).


METHODS
Data were collected using a two-armed randomized controlled design among BCS enrolled in either a 6-week MBSR(BC) program or a usual care (UC) group with a 12-week follow-up. The present analysis is a subset of the larger parent trial (ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT01177124). Seventy-nine BCS participants (mean age 57 years), stages 0-III, were randomly assigned to either the formal (in-class) 6-week MBSR(BC) program or UC. Subjective sleep parameters (SSP) (i.e., sleep diaries and the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI)) and objective sleep parameters (OSP) (i.e., actigraphy) were measured at baseline, 6 weeks, and 12 weeks after completing the MBSR(BC) or UC program.


RESULTS
Results showed indications of a positive effect of MBSR(BC) on OSP at 12 weeks on sleep efficiency (78.2% MBSR(BC) group versus 74.6% UC group, p = 0.04), percent of sleep time (81.0% MBSR(BC) group versus 77.4% UC group, p = 0.02), and less number waking bouts (93.5 in MBSR(BC) group versus 118.6 in the UC group, p < 0.01). Small nonsignificant improvements were found in SSP in the MBSR(BC) group from baseline to 6 weeks (PSQI total score, p = 0.09). No significant relationship was observed between minutes of MBSR(BC) practice and SSP or OSP.


CONCLUSIONS
These data suggest that MBSR(BC) may be an efficacious treatment to improve objective and subjective sleep parameters in BCS.
The efficacy of sublingual immunotherapy for respiratory allergy is not affected by different dosage regimens in the induction phase.

BACKGROUND
Sublingual administration of allergens is a safe and effective alternative to subcutaneous immunotherapy in patients with respiratory allergies. A drawback to this therapeutic approach is the relatively long and complex management of the induction phase.


AIM OF THE STUDY
To determine whether different induction regimens affect the outcome of sublingual immunotherapy.


METHODS AND RESULTS
Adult and pediatric patients with allergic rhinoconjunctivitis and/or asthma were included in the study. Ten subjects served as controls and received symptomatic treatments. Forty-three subjects were allocated to sublingual immunotherapy, with three different induction protocols (8-, 15- and 20-day, respectively). Symptom and medication scores, skin test results and (in asthmatic patients) FEV1 values were monitored for two years. Adverse effects were recorded. All induction regimens produced a significant improvement in symptom and medication usage (p < 0.0001); skin test scores decreased (p < 0.0001) and FEV1 improved (p < 0.05). In contrast, symptom and skin test scores did not significantly change in controls. No relevant adverse effects were observed with any of the induction regimens.


CONCLUSIONS
For patients with respiratory allergies, sublingual immunotherapy with an 8-day induction protocol is safe and effective. Our results encourage the usage of shorter induction regimens, which produce better compliance with this therapy.
Development of a Navigation Control System for an Autonomous Formula SAE-Electric Race Car

Figure 1: Autonomous Formula SAE-Electric Car This dissertation describes the development of a high level control system for an autonomous Formula SAE race car featuring fusion of a 6-DOF IMU, a consumer grade GPS and an automotive LIDAR. Formula SAE is a long-running annual competition organised by the Society of Automotive Engineers which has recently seen the introduction of the new class SAE-Electric. The car discussed in this dissertation features electric motors driving each of the two rear wheels via independent controllers and has full drive-by-wire control of the throttle, steering and (hydraulic) braking system. Whilst autonomous driving is outside the scope of the Formula-SAE competition, it has been the subject of significant research interest over the last several decades. It is intended that the Autonomous SAE car developed in this project will provide UWA with a platform for research into driverless performance cars. This project consists of the design and implementation of a navigation control system which uses a Linux PC to interface with a range of sensors as well as the drive-by-wire system, safety systems and a base station. The navigation control system is implemented as a multi-threaded C++ program featuring asynchronous communication with hardware outputs, sensor inputs and user interfaces. The Autonomous SAE Car can drive following a map consisting of “waypoints” and “fence posts” which are recorded by either driving the course manually or through a GoogleMaps based web interface. Mapped driving is augmented by the use of a LIDAR scanner for detection of obstacles including road edges for which a novel algorithm is presented. GPS is used as the primary navigation aid; however sensor fusion algorithms have been implemented in order to improve upon the measurement of the cars position and orientation through the use of a 6-DOF Inertial Measurement Unit.
The Corporate Objective Revisited

The stock market convulsions and corporate scandals of 2001 and 2002 have reignited debate on the purposes of the corporation and, in particular, the goal of shareholder value maximization. We revisit the debate, re-examine the traditional rationales, and develop a set of new arguments for why the preferred objective function for the corporation must unambiguously continue to be the one that says “maximize shareholder value.” We trace the origins of the debates from the late nineteenth century, their implications for accepted law and practice of corporate governance in the United States, and their reflection in shareholder versus stakeholder views in the organization studies literature and contractarian versus communitarian views in the legal literature. We address in detail possible critiques of the shareholder value maximization view. Although we recognize certain boundary constraints to our arguments, we conclude that the issues raised by such critiques and constraints are not unique to the shareholder value maximization view, but will exist even if the firm is managed on behalf of nonshareowning stakeholders.
Comorbidity clusters in autism spectrum disorders: an electronic health record time-series analysis.

OBJECTIVE
The distinct trajectories of patients with autism spectrum disorders (ASDs) have not been extensively studied, particularly regarding clinical manifestations beyond the neurobehavioral criteria from the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders. The objective of this study was to investigate the patterns of co-occurrence of medical comorbidities in ASDs.


METHODS
International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision codes from patients aged at least 15 years and a diagnosis of ASD were obtained from electronic medical records. These codes were aggregated by using phenotype-wide association studies categories and processed into 1350-dimensional vectors describing the counts of the most common categories in 6-month blocks between the ages of 0 to 15. Hierarchical clustering was used to identify subgroups with distinct courses.


RESULTS
Four subgroups were identified. The first was characterized by seizures (n = 120, subgroup prevalence 77.5%). The second (n = 197) was characterized by multisystem disorders including gastrointestinal disorders (prevalence 24.3%) and auditory disorders and infections (prevalence 87.8%), and the third was characterized by psychiatric disorders (n = 212, prevalence 33.0%). The last group (n = 4316) could not be further resolved. The prevalence of psychiatric disorders was uncorrelated with seizure activity (P = .17), but a significant correlation existed between gastrointestinal disorders and seizures (P < .001). The correlation results were replicated by using a second sample of 496 individuals from a different geographic region.


CONCLUSIONS
Three distinct patterns of medical trajectories were identified by unsupervised clustering of electronic health record diagnoses. These may point to distinct etiologies with different genetic and environmental contributions. Additional clinical and molecular characterizations will be required to further delineate these subgroups.
Two-Sided Markets : A Tentative Survey

A recent literature, dealing with special markets characterized by bilateral network externalities, is summarized and critically assessed. Specific features of these markets, in terms of pricing principles and externalities, are discussed first. Afterwards, several issues related to competition between platforms are considered. Finally, implications for competition policy and prospects for future research are briefly discussed.
Scheherazade: Crowd-Powered Interactive Narrative Generation

Interactive narrative is a form of storytelling in which users affect a dramatic storyline through actions by assuming the role of characters in a virtual world. This extended abstract outlines the SCHEHERAZADE-IF system, which uses crowdsourcing and artificial intelligence to automatically construct text-based interactive narrative experiences.
Dyspnea-12-Arabic: testing of an instrument to measure breathlessness in Arabic patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.

OBJECTIVE
The aim of this study was to develop the Dyspnoea-12-Arabic (D-12-A) questionnaire and test its reliability and validity for the assessment of breathlessness in Arabic speaking patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) in Jordan.


BACKGROUND
Breathlessness is a complex multidimensional symptom which incorporates physiology and psychology.


METHODS
The D-12-A, Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS), and Quality of Life Index pulmonary version (QLI-P) were completed by 67 Jordanian patients with COPD. Cronbach alpha was used to assess internal consistency, and Pearson product-moment correlation calculated for construct validity.


RESULTS
The D-12-A and its sub-components ('physical' and 'affective') demonstrated excellent internal reliability (Cronbach alpha range from 0.88 to 0.91). D-12-A scores correlated significantly with other relevant outcome measures and demonstrated good construct validity.


CONCLUSIONS
The D-12-A should provide clinicians and researchers with a useful tool for the assessment of breathlessness in Arabic speaking patients with COPD.
Assessing the Core Elements of the Gaming Experience

This chapter presents the theory of the Core Elements of the Gaming Experience (CEGE). The CEGE are the necessary but not sufficient conditions to provide a positive experience while playing video-games. This theory, formulated using qualitative methods, is presented with the aim of studying the gaming experience objectively. The theory is abstracted using a model and implemented in questionnaire. This chapter discusses the formulation of the theory, introduces the model, and shows the use of the questionnaire in an experiment to differentiate between two different experiences. In loving memory of Samson Cairns 4.1 The Experience of Playing Video-games The experience of playing video-games is usually understood as the subjective relation between the user and the video-game beyond the actual implementation of the game. The implementation is bound by the speed of the microprocessors of the gaming console, the ergonomics of the controllers, and the usability of the interface. Experience is more than that, it is also considered as a personal relationship. Understanding this relationship as personal is problematic under a scientific scope. Personal and subjective knowledge does not allow a theory to be generalised or falsified (Popper 1994). In this chapter, we propose a theory for understanding the experience of playing video-games, or gaming experience, that can be used to assess and compare different experiences. This section introduces the approach taken towards understanding the gaming experience under the aforementioned perspective. It begins by presenting an E.H. Calvillo-Gámez (B) División de Nuevas Tecnologías de la Información, Universidad Politécnica de San Luis Potosí, San Luis Potosí, México e-mail: e.calvillo@upslp.edu.mx 47 R. Bernhaupt (ed.), Evaluating User Experience in Games, Human-Computer Interaction Series, DOI 10.1007/978-1-84882-963-3_4, C © Springer-Verlag London Limited 2010 48 E.H. Calvillo-Gámez et al. overview of video-games and user experience in order to familiarise the reader with such concepts. Last, the objective and overview of the whole chapter are presented. 4.1.
Dedekind completion as a method for constructing new Scott domains

Abstract Many operations exist for constructing Scott-domains. This paper presents Dedekind completion as a new operation for constructing such domains and outlines an application of the operation. Dedekind complete Scott domains are of particular interest when modeling versions of λ calculus that allow quantification over sets of arbitrary cardinality. Hence, it is of interest when constructing models of powerful specification languages and when using λ calculus as a foundation for mathematics.
Establishment of serum protein pattern for screening colorectal cancer using SELDI-TOF-MS.

AIM
The purpose of this study is to develop a proteomic pattern for distinguishing individuals with colorectal cancer from healthy controls and monitoring micrometastasis using SELDI-TOF-MS.


METHODS
A training set consisting of 63 patients with colorectal cancer, 20 patients with benign colorectal diseases and 26 healthy volunteers was used to develop a proteomic model that discriminated colorectal cancer effectively. The sensitivity and specificity of this model was validated by an independent test set. To explore serum proteins changed after operation, the protein profiles of 31 postoperative patients were compared with those of preoperative patients. We also analyzed protein profiles of patients with and without metastasis to monitor micrometastasis.


RESULTS
Our study yielded a four-peak model (m/z: 3191.5, 3262.9, 3396.3 and 5334.4) that discriminated cancer from non-cancer samples with sensitivity of 90.3% and specificity of 95.7%. This model was validated in the test set with sensitivity of 87.5% and specificity of 93.8% which was significantly better than the combination use of CEA, CA199 and CA242 (sensitivity 62.4%) for early detection of colorectal cancer. Two peaks (m/z: 2753.8 and 4172.4) were found down-regulated in postoperative samples comparing with preoperative samples. We also detected two proteins (m/z: 9184.4 and 9340.9) that can discriminate patients with primary colorectal cancer from metastatic colorectal cancer.


CONCLUSIONS
The four-peak model and two peaks (m/z: 2753.8 and 4172.4) detected in this study have the potential for assistance in diagnostics and therapeutic strategies in colorectal cancer and the two proteins (m/z: 9184.4 and 9340.9) were effective biomarkers for monitoring micrometastasis.
Elevated rates of intracerebral hemorrhage in individuals from a US clinical care HIV cohort.

OBJECTIVE
To compare rates of intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) in HIV-infected and uninfected individuals in a large clinical care cohort and to assess risk factors associated with ICH.


METHODS
We identified incident ICH in HIV-infected and uninfected control cohorts from the Partners Health Care system using ICD-9-CM codes. We constructed Cox proportional hazards models to estimate adjusted hazard ratios for HIV infection and other predictors of ICH.


RESULTS
The incidence rate of ICH was 2.29 per 1,000 person-years in HIV-infected individuals compared with 1.23 per 1,000 person-years in uninfected individuals, with an unadjusted incidence rate ratio of 1.85 (95% confidence interval 1.37-2.47, p < 0.001). In a multivariable model, HIV infection was independently associated with a higher hazard of ICH, although its effect diminished with increasing age. Female sex was associated with a lower hazard of ICH in the uninfected cohort but not in the HIV cohort. CD4 count <200 × 10(6) cells/L and anticoagulant use were predictive of ICH.


CONCLUSIONS
HIV infection conferred an increased adjusted hazard of ICH, which was more pronounced in young patients and in women.
Medievalisms In Latin Love Poetry Of The Early Italian Quattrocento

The following reflections on three authors, Giovanni Marrasio, Cristoforo Landino and Tito Vespasiano Strozzi, are examples illustrating a tradizione negata . This chapter suggests that medieval tradition played a certain role at least in some of the early collections of the Quattrocento-if not throughout the century. It shows that nearly every medievalism is filtered through the two main discourses which form the framework of humanistic love-poetry: the Roman elegists and Petrarch's Canzoniere . Medieval poetics are dependent on ancient auctoritates and especially the commentary tradition of late antiquity from which they extract general rules for describing and prescribing. The chapter summarizes the main development of the literary concept of love as it was developed in the Middle Ages and in Petrarch's Canzoniere , before turning to the poetry of the Quattrocento itself. Petrarch considered that the revival of classical literature and art the basis of any cultural and political progress in Italy. Keywords: Cristoforo Landino; Giovanni Marrasio; Italian Quattrocento; Latin love poetry; medievalism; Petrarch's Canzoniere ; Tito Vespasiano Strozzi