LLukas22/scidocs huggingface dataset:
A Low-Mass Planet with a Possible Sub-Stellar-Mass Host in Microlensing Event MOA-2007-BLG-192

We report the detection of an extrasolar planet of mass ratio q ∼ 2 × 10−4 in microlensing event MOA-2007-BLG-192. The best fit microlensing model shows both MOA Collaboration OGLE Collaboration Department of Physics, University of Notre Dame, IN 46556, USA Email: bennett@nd.edu Institute of Information and Mathematical Sciences, Massey University, Auckland, New Zealand, Email: i.a.bond@massey.ac.nz Warsaw University Observatory, Al. Ujazdowskie 4 00-478 Warszawa, Poland Email: udalski@astrouw.edu.pl Solar-Terrestrial Environment Laboratory, Nagoya University, Nagoya 464-8601, Japan Email: sumi@stelab.nagoya-u.ac.jp Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Canterbury, Private Bag 4800, Christchurch, New Zealand Computer Science Department, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand School of Chemical and Physical Sciences, Victoria University, Wellington, New Zealand Mt. John Observatory, P.O. Box 56, Lake Tekapo 8770, New Zealand Konan University, Kobe, Japan Nagano National College of Technology, Nagano 381-8550, Japan Department of Physics, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand Jodrell Bank Observatory, The University of Manchester, Maccles eld, Cheshire SK11 9DL, UK Tokyo Metropolitan College of Aeronautics, Tokyo 116-8523, Japan Department of Physics and Astrophysics, Faculty of Science, Nagoya University, Nagoya 464-8602, Japan Departamento de Fisica, Astronomy Group, Universidad de Concepción, Casilla 160-C, Concepción, Chile Institute of Astronomy, University of Cambridge, Madingley Road, Cambridge CB3 0HA, UK Institut d’Astrophysique de Paris, UMR7095 CNRS, Université Pierre & Marie Curie, 98 bis Boulevard Arago, 75014 Paris, France European Southern Observatory, Casilla 19001, Vitacura 19, Santiago, Chile Astronomisches Rechen-Institut, Zentrum für Astronomie, Heidelberg University, Mönchhofstr. 12–14,69120 Heidelberg, Germany Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées, UMR 5572, 14, Avenue Edouard Belin, 31400 Toulouse, France LESIA, Observatoire de Paris, CNRS UMR 8109, UPMC, Université Paris Diderot, 5 Place Jules Janssen, F92195 Meudon, France ar X iv :0 80 6. 00 25 v1 [ as tr oph ] 3 0 M ay 2 00 8
Community health worker hepatitis B education for Cambodian American men and women.

BACKGROUND
Cambodian Americans have high rates of chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection and liver cancer. There is very limited information about the utility of community health worker (CHW) approaches to cancer education for Asian American men. We have previously reported our positive findings from a trial of CHW education about HBV for Cambodian Americans who had never been tested for HBV. This report describes similarities and differences between the outcomes of our CHW HBV educational intervention among Cambodian American men and women.


METHODS
The study group for this analysis included 87 individuals (39 men and 48 women) who were randomized to the experimental (HBV education) arm of our trial, participated in the CHW educational intervention, and provided follow-up data six months post-intervention. We examined HBV testing rates at follow-up, changes in HBV-related knowledge between baseline and follow-up, and barriers to HBV testing (that were reported to CHWs) by gender.


RESULTS
At follow-up, 15% of men and 31% of women reported they had received a HBV test (p=0.09). HBV-related knowledge levels increased significantly among both men and women. With respect to HBV testing barriers, women were more likely than men to cite knowledge deficits, and men were more likely than women to cite logistic issues.


DISCUSSION
Our study findings indicate that CHW interventions can positively impact knowledge among Cambodian American men, as well as women. They also suggest CHW interventions may be less effective in promoting the use of preventive procedures by Cambodian American men than women. Future CHW research initiatives should consider contextual factors that may differ by gender and, therefore, potentially influence the relative effectiveness of CHW interventions for men versus women.
Effects of pulmonary rehabilitation on activity levels in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.

PURPOSE
The purpose of this study was to determine whether patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) increase physical activity immediately after a short course (8 weeks) of pulmonary rehabilitation (PR). Activity levels in patients with COPD were also compared with those in healthy controls.


METHODS
Consecutive patients with COPD (n = 24, aged 71.9 ± 7.7 years, forced expiratory ventilation in 1 second 44.1 ± 17.9% predicted, who completed PR) and 8 aged-matched controls (aged 66.6 ± 7.2 years) were studied. Activity was monitored with a triaxial accelerometer for 5 days before and after PR. Activity was expressed as vector magnitude units (VMU) per minute and time spent at VMU above 250 and 500, respectively.


RESULTS
Overall activity was significantly less in patients with COPD compared with that in controls (117 ± 63 compared with 242 ± 103 VMU/min, P = .0003). Time spent at VMU above 250 and 500 was also less in patients with COPD (166 ± 71 vs 227 ± 37 min, P = .028 and 39 ± 43 vs 124 ± 26 min, P < .0001, respectively). After PR, overall VMU activity was not significantly increased (117 ± 63 vs 120 ± 63 VMU/min). Time spent at VMU above 250 and 500 was also not significantly increased after PR. Increases in activity levels after PR did not correlate with improvements in exercise performance, quality of life, or quadriceps strength.


CONCLUSIONS
Despite significant improvements in exercise capacity and quality of life after PR, this did not translate into a significant increase in activity level. Improving function in patients with copd may not translate into behavioral change.
A Novel Fused Positioning Feature for Handling Heterogeneous Hardware Problem

Received signal strength (RSS) in Wi-Fi networks is commonly employed in indoor positioning systems; however, variations in hardware challenge robustness of this approach. This paper proposes a novel positioning feature, which is called delta-fused principal strength (DFPS), to enhance the robustness of Wi-Fi localization against the problem of heterogeneous hardware. The proposed algorithm computes the pairwise delta RSS and then integrates with RSS using principal component analysis. This paper makes two principal contributions: First, the fused positioning feature embeds discriminative power within delta RSS to compensate for the problem of heterogeneous devices in a unified framework, and second, DFPS provides increased flexibility in determining the number of required components and achieves better computational efficiency. We applied DFPS to location fingerprinting systems in a realistic indoor Wi-Fi environment. Experimental results demonstrate the effectiveness of proposed algorithm, where DFPS outperforms previous robust positioning features for heterogeneous and homogeneous devices.
Decision-making in the ICU: perspectives of the substitute decision-maker

Abstract Objective. To describe the substitute decision-makers' perspectives related to decision-making in the intensive care unit (ICU) and to determine those variables associated with their overall satisfaction with decision-making. Design. Prospective, multicenter, cohort study. Setting. Six Canadian university-affiliated ICUs. Patients and participants. We distributed a validated, self-administered questionnaire assessing 21 key aspects of communication and decision-making to substitute decision-makers of ICU patients who were mechanically ventilated for more than 48 h. Intervention. None. Measurements and results. A group consisting of 1,123 substitute decision-makers received questionnaires; 789 were returned (70.3% response rate). Respondents were most satisfied with the frequency of communication with nurses and least satisfied with the frequency of communication with physicians. In terms of overall satisfaction with decision-making, 560 (70.9%) of the respondents were either completely or very satisfied. The majority (81.2%) of respondents preferred some form of shared decision-making process. Factors contributing the most to satisfaction with decision-making included: complete satisfaction with level of health care the patient received, completeness of information received, and feeling supported through the decision-making process. Satisfaction with decision-making varied significantly across sites. Conclusions. In this multicenter observational study, we found that most substitute decision-makers for ICU patients wanted to share decision-making responsibility with physicians and that, overall, they were satisfied with their decision-making experience. Adequate communication, feeling supported, and achieving the appropriate level of care for their family member were key determinants of satisfaction with decision-making in the ICU.
Acute exercise attenuates negative affect following repeated sad mood inductions in persons who have recovered from depression.

Identifying factors that may protect individuals from developing Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) in the face of stress is critical. In the current study we experimentally tested whether such a potentially protective factor, engaging in acute exercise, reduces the adverse effects of repeated sad mood inductions in individuals who have recovered from depression. We hypothesized that recovered depressed participants who engage in acute exercise report a smaller increase in negative affect (NA) and a smaller decrease in positive affect (PA) when exposed to a repeated sad mood induction (i.e., habituation), whereas participants who do not exercise show sensitization (i.e., increased NA and decreased PA in response to a repeated adverse stimulus). Forty-one women recovered from MDD and 40 healthy control women were randomly assigned to either exercise for 15 minutes or quiet rest. Afterward, participants were exposed to two sad mood inductions and reported their levels of affect throughout the study. Recovered depressed participants who had not exercised exhibited higher NA after the second sad mood induction, a finding consistent with sensitization. In contrast, both recovered depressed participants who had engaged in acute exercise and healthy control participants showed no increase in NA in response to the repeated sad mood induction. Participants who exercised reported higher PA after the exercise bout; however, our hypothesis concerning reported PA trajectories following the sad mood inductions was not supported. Results suggest that exercise can serve as a protective factor in the face of exposure to repeated emotional stressors, particularly concerning NA in individuals who have recovered from depression.
Parental administration of antipyretics to children with upper respiratory tract infections without consultation with a physician

AIM
To evaluate the administration of antipyretics to children with upper respiratory tract infections (URTI) by their parents or guardians without consultation with physicians, and compare epidemiological and clinical characteristics of patients who received antipyretics and of untreated patients.


METHODS
A prospective observational study was performed in three pediatric clinics in Zagreb, Croatia, from March to June 2002. A total of 171 children aged from 2 to 14 years with symptoms and signs of URTI lasting more than 2 days and fever above 38 °C lasting more than 2 days were included in the study. Data were collected on the usage of antipyretics, patients' demographic and epidemiological characteristics, and clinical signs and symptoms.


RESULTS
Antipyretics, predominantly paracetamol, were used in 29.8% of patients. Their usage was less frequent in children attending day-care centers (49% of treated and 70% of untreated children, P = 0.014) and in children with reiterated URTIs (33.3% of treated and 55.8% of untreated children, P = 0.008). However, it was more frequent in children with recent URTIs in the family (33.3% of treated and 7.5% of untreated children, P < 0.001). Overall, most clinical signs and symptoms of URTI were notably less pronounced in patients treated with antipyretics.


CONCLUSIONS
Antipyretics use correlated with less pronounced clinical signs and symptoms of infection, which indicates their anti-inflammatory activity, but also with negative effects such as lethargy. It is necessary to educate parents on the positive and negative aspects of antipyretics use and on the optimal choice of an antipyretic drug.
Robotic radical prostatectomy: outcomes of 500 cases.

OBJECTIVE
To report the outcomes of 500 robotically assisted laparoscopic radical prostatectomies (RALPs), a minimally invasive alternative for treating prostate cancer.


PATIENTS AND METHODS
In all, 500 patients had RALP over a 30-month period. A transperitoneal six-port approach was used in each case, with the da Vinci robotic surgical system (Intuitive Surgical, Sunnyvale, CA, USA). Prospective data collection included quality-of-life questionnaires, basic demographics (height, weight and body mass index), prostate specific antigen (PSA) levels, clinical stage and Gleason grade. Variables assessed during RALP were operative duration, estimated blood loss (EBL) and complications, and after RALP were hospital stay, catheter time, pathology, PSA level, return of continence and potency.


RESULTS
The mean (range) duration of RALP was 130 (51-330) min; all procedures were successful, with no intraoperative transfusions or deaths. The mean EBL was 10-300 mL; 97% of patients were discharged home on the first day after RALP with a mean haematocrit of 36%. The mean duration of catheterization was 6.9 (5-21) days. The positive margin rate was 9.4% for all patients; i.e. 2.5% for T2 tumours, 23% for T3a and 53% for T4. The overall biochemical recurrence free (PSA level<0.1 ng/mL) survival was 95% at mean follow-up of 9.7 months. There was complete continence at 3 and 6 months in 89% and 95% of patients, respectively. At 1 year 78% of patients were potent (with or without the use of oral medications), 15% were not yet able to sustain erections capable of intercourse, and another 7% still required injection therapy.


CONCLUSION
RALP is a safe, feasible and minimally invasive alternative for treating prostate cancer. Our initial experience with the procedure shows promising short-term outcomes.
Administration of post-autologous PBSCT rhG-CSF is associated with long-term low concentrations of bone marrow hematopoietic progenitor cells

Recombinant human granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (rhG-CSF) has been widely used after autologous peripheral blood stem cell transplant (APBSCT) in an attempt to reduce the duration of neutropenia, but whether this treatment has any influence on long-term engraftment remains unknown. We have retrospectively analyzed data from breast cancer patients to compare post-APBSCT rhG-CSF administration in terms of the short-term benefit and myeloid marrow regeneration after 1 year. Group A included 10 patients not treated with post-APBSCT rhG-CSF, while groups B and C comprised 15 and 13 patients treated with this drug from days +1 and +6, respectively. No differences among the three groups were found in age, diagnosis, previous chemo-radiotherapy, CD34+/CD71− cell concentration in pre-transplant bone marrow (BM), mobilization schedule, CD34+ cell yield, conditioning regimen and post-transplant radiotherapy. Post-APBSCT rhG-CSF was shown to accelerate neutrophil recovery, but there were no significant differences in platelet recovery, transfusion requirements, days of fever, antibiotic administration or inhospital stay. With regard to BM hematopoietic precursors 1 year after APBSCT, significantly lower concentrations of total CD34+cells, committed CD34+/CD33+ subsets, and more immature CD34+/CD71− cells were found in both groups B and C compared with patients not having received the cytokine (group A). Thus, post-APBSCT rhG-CSF administration does not appear to beneficially affect procedure outcome, and might even impair long-term marrow hematopoiesis. Bone Marrow Transplantation (2001) 27, 1287–1292.
Flexible unit A-star trajectory planning for autonomous vehicles on structured road maps

In this paper we propose a trajectory planning approach for autonomous vehicles on structured road maps. Therefore we are using the well-known A∗ optimal path planning algorithm. We generate a safe optimal trajectory through a three-dimensional graph, considering the two-dimensional position and time. (1) The graph is generated dynamically with fixed time differences and flexible distances between nodes, based on the vehicle's velocity, using a structured road map. (2) Furthermore the position of dynamic obstacles is predicted over time along the road lanes. The proposed Flexible Unit A∗ (FU-A∗) algorithm was tested for real-time applications with execution times of less than 50 ms on the car's main computer. The feasibility and reliability of FU-A∗ is validated by implementing on simulated autonomous car of Freie university “MadeInGermany” using the roadmap of Tempelhof, Berlin.
Noninvasive mechanical ventilation in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and severe hypercapnic neurological deterioration in the emergency room.

OBJECTIVES
The objective of this study was to assess the effectiveness of noninvasive motion ventilation (NIMV) in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), having infectious exacerbation and severe hypercapnic neurological dysfunction in the emergency room.


DESIGN
This is a prospective interventional study.


SETTING
The study setting was the emergency room at the Military Hospital in Guayaquil, Ecuador.


PATIENTS
A total of 24 patients were studied. Twelve patients had acute exacerbation of their chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: they presented at the emergency room with severe neurological dysfunction, with a Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) score of less than 8 and a pH of less than 7.25. These patients were compared with 12 controls who were being treated with invasive mechanical ventilation (IMV), who were then matched according to their GCS scores, pH status, Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation II (APACHE II) scores, and age.


INTERVENTIONS
We evaluated the effectiveness and safety of applying a ventilatory strategy based on a biphasic positive airway pressure protocol in the emergency room.


MEASUREMENTS AND RESULTS
The pH, PCO2, and GCS scores, measured during the first 3 h, were predictors of success for the application of NIMV treatment (P<0.05). Mortality was 33.3 and 16.7% for the IMV and the NIMV groups, respectively (P=0.01). Days of IMV were 5.60+/-1.2 versus 3.6+/-1.1 for NIMV (P=0.006). Days of hospitalization were 11.1+/-4.7 for the IMV group and 6.5+/-1.9 for the NIMV group (P=0.001). The cumulative survival rates at 6 months were 71.4 and 80% for the IMV and NIMV groups, respectively (P=0.80).


CONCLUSION
We consider that severe neurological dysfunction and pH of less than 7.25 do not constitute absolute contraindications to the use of NIMV. This kind of management can be implemented in the emergency room with favorable results.
Are Foot and Ankle Characteristics Associated With Falls in People With Rheumatoid Arthritis? A Prospective Study.

OBJECTIVE
To determine whether foot and ankle characteristics are associated with falls in people with rheumatoid arthritis (RA).


METHODS
A total of 201 adults with RA were recruited from rheumatology outpatient clinics in Auckland, New Zealand. Clinical characteristics, common fall risk factors, and foot and ankle variables were measured. Participants were prospectively studied for 12 months to record the occurrence of falls using falls diaries. Logistic regression analysis identified baseline variables that were independent predictors of falls over the 12 months.


RESULTS
Eighty-four participants (42%) fell at least once and 39 (19%) experienced multiple (>1) falls over the 12-month followup period. In logistic regression analysis, including age and significant baseline variables in bivariate analysis but not baseline fall history, presence of foot or ankle tender joints (odds ratio [OR] 1.95, P = 0.034) and psychotropic medication (OR 2.35, P = 0.025) were independent predictors of prospective falls. However, when baseline fall history was included in the analysis, psychotropic medication (OR 2.34, P = 0.025) and baseline fall history (over the preceding 12 months) (OR 2.27, P = 0.008) were independent predictors of prospective falls.


CONCLUSION
Foot and ankle characteristics are not associated with falls in people with RA, independent of prior falls. Inquiry about prior falls and psychotropic medications may assist in identifying patients with RA who are at high risk of future falls.
Style mining of electronic messages for multiple authorship discrimination: first results

This paper considers the use of computational stylistics for performing authorship attribution of electronic messages, addressing categorization problems with as many as 20 different classes (authors). Effective stylistic characterization of text is potentially useful for a variety of tasks, as language style contains cues regarding the authorship, purpose, and mood of the text, all of which would be useful adjuncts to information retrieval or knowledge-management tasks. We focus here on the problem of determining the author of an anonymous message, based only on the message text. Several multiclass variants of the Winnow algorithm were applied to a vector representation of the message texts to learn models for discriminating different authors. We present results comparing the classification accuracy of the different approaches. The results show that stylistic models can be accurately learned to determine an author's identity.
Association between statin use and lipid status in quality improvement initiatives: statin use, a potential surrogate?

OBJECTIVE
To test the association between statin use and low-density-lipoprotein (LDL)-cholesterol control in outpatient community practices undergoing quality improvement efforts in diabetes care.


DESIGN
A retrospective observational study of primary care practices that underwent efforts at improving the quality of diabetes care. Each practice provided an electronic registry-based monthly report of the percentage of patients with LDL <130 mg/dl (3.4 mmol/l), LDL <100 mg/dl (2.6 mmol/l) and statin use.


SETTING
Primary care practices in Pennsylvania focused on improving diabetes care by implementing the Chronic Care Model in urban, suburban and rural regions.


PARTICIPANTS
Consisted of 109 primary care practices, academic practices and federal health centres. Practices typically saw patients from a mix of government-funded and commercial health plan carriers.


RESULTS
There was a positive linear association between documented statin use and the percentage of patients with LDL <130 mg/dl (3.4 mmol/l) and LDL <100 mg/dl (2.6 mmol/l = goal for patients with diabetes). The correlation between statin use and LDL <130 was 0.50 (95% CI 0.41-0.64), and between statin use and the percentage of patients with LDL <100 was 0.47 (95% CI 0.29-0.58). Practices with 5% larger statin use had an expected 1.9% larger percentage of patients with LDL <130 (95% CI 1.4 -2.9%) and an expected 1.7% larger percentage of patients with LDL <100 (95% CI 0.9- 2.3%).


CONCLUSION
An association exists between statin use and LDL control in the real world of primary care practices undergoing quality improvement. Additional studies are necessary to ultimately test the validity of statin use as a process measure and/or surrogate for LDL-cholesterol control.