LLukas22/scidocs huggingface dataset:
STRUCTURAL HEALTH MONITORING WITH PIEZOELECTRIC WAFER ACTIVE SENSORS

In this issue of the journal we have the opportunity to present an editorial brand, otherwise immediately retrievable with a simple search on Google (“the most comprehensive text/reference yet written on all aspects of Structural Health Monitoring”). Indeed, there are not many publishing houses that can compete with Elsevier, and the author is undoubtedly a reference name of a domain of growing interest.
Exercise videogames for physical activity and fitness: Design and rationale of the Wii Heart Fitness trial.

INTRODUCTION
Despite numerous health benefits, less than half of American adults engage in regular physical activity. Exercise videogames (EVG) may be a practical and attractive alternative to traditional forms of exercise. However there is insufficient research to determine whether EVG play alone is sufficient to produce prolonged engagement in physical activity or improvements in cardiovascular fitness and overall health risk. The goal of the present study is to test the efficacy of exercise videogames to increase time spent in moderate to vigorous physical activity (MVPA) and to improve cardiovascular risk indices among adults.


METHODS
Wii Heart Fitness is a rigorous 3-arm randomized controlled trial with adults comparing three 12-week programs: (1) supervised EVGs, (2) supervised standard exercise, and (3) a control condition. Heart rate is monitored continuously throughout all exercise sessions. Assessments are conducted at baseline, end of intervention (week 12), 6 and 9 months. The primary outcome is time spent in MVPA physical activity. Secondary outcomes include changes in cardiovascular fitness, body composition, blood lipid profiles and maintenance of physical activity through six months post-treatment. Changes in cognitive and affective constructs derived from Self Determination and Social Cognitive Theories will be examined to explain the differential outcomes between the two active treatment conditions.


CONCLUSION
The Wii Heart Fitness study is designed to test whether regular participation in EVGs can be an adequate source of physical activity for adults. This study will produce new data on the effect of EVGs on cardiovascular fitness indices and prolonged engagement with physical activity.
Does Sex-Selective Predation Stabilize or Destabilize Predator-Prey Dynamics?

BACKGROUND
Little is known about the impact of prey sexual dimorphism on predator-prey dynamics and the impact of sex-selective harvesting and trophy hunting on long-term stability of exploited populations.


METHODOLOGY AND PRINCIPAL FINDINGS
We review the quantitative evidence for sex-selective predation and study its long-term consequences using several simple predator-prey models. These models can be also interpreted in terms of feedback between harvesting effort and population size of the harvested species under open-access exploitation. Among the 81 predator-prey pairs found in the literature, male bias in predation is 2.3 times as common as female bias. We show that long-term effects of sex-selective predation depend on the interplay of predation bias and prey mating system. Predation on the 'less limiting' prey sex can yield a stable predator-prey equilibrium, while predation on the other sex usually destabilizes the dynamics and promotes population collapses. For prey mating systems that we consider, males are less limiting except for polyandry and polyandrogyny, and male-biased predation alone on such prey can stabilize otherwise unstable dynamics. On the contrary, our results suggest that female-biased predation on polygynous, polygynandrous or monogamous prey requires other stabilizing mechanisms to persist.


CONCLUSIONS AND SIGNIFICANCE
Our modelling results suggest that the observed skew towards male-biased predation might reflect, in addition to sexual selection, the evolutionary history of predator-prey interactions. More focus on these phenomena can yield additional and interesting insights as to which mechanisms maintain the persistence of predator-prey pairs over ecological and evolutionary timescales. Our results can also have implications for long-term sustainability of harvesting and trophy hunting of sexually dimorphic species.
To Track or Not to Track: User Reactions to Concepts in Longitudinal Health Monitoring

BACKGROUND
Advances in ubiquitous computing, smart homes, and sensor technologies enable novel, longitudinal health monitoring applications in the home. Many home monitoring technologies have been proposed to detect health crises, support aging-in-place, and improve medical care. Health professionals and potential end users in the lay public, however, sometimes question whether home health monitoring is justified given the cost and potential invasion of privacy.


OBJECTIVE
The aim of the study was to elicit specific feedback from health professionals and laypeople about how they might use longitudinal health monitoring data for proactive health and well-being.


METHODS
Interviews were conducted with 8 health professionals and 26 laypeople. Participants were asked to evaluate mock data visualization displays that could be generated by novel home monitoring systems. The mock displays were used to elicit reactions to longitudinal monitoring in the home setting as well as what behaviors, events, and physiological indicators people were interested in tracking.


RESULTS
Based on the qualitative data provided by the interviews, lists of benefits of and concerns about health tracking from the perspectives of the practitioners and laypeople were compiled. Variables of particular interest to the interviewees, as well as their specific ideas for applications of collected data, were documented.


CONCLUSIONS
Based upon these interviews, we recommend that ubiquitous "monitoring" systems may be more readily adopted if they are developed as tools for personalized, longitudinal self-investigation that help end users learn about the conditions and variables that impact their social, cognitive, and physical health.
The Effect of Knowledge Management Uses on Total Quality Management Practices: A Theoretical Perspective

Previous studies have showed that selecting the influential factors related to knowledge management (KM) uses and total quality management (TQM) practices has been always a critical task for researchers. To the best of the authors’ knowledge, there are few papers that review the concept of knowledge management uses on total quality management practices. Based on a comprehensive literature review, this study aims to highlight the important factors related to knowledge management uses on total quality management practices. This study identified knowledge acquisition, knowledge storage, knowledge transfer and knowledge application as the most important knowledge management uses. While customer satisfaction, training and employees education, commitment of top management, team work and continuous improvement were considered to be the most important TQM practices. This study provides a holistic picture for future researchers in selecting the popular related KM uses and TQM practices. This will help them build a strong knowledge in this area in order to develop theoretical basis for their future research.
Networked Performances and Natural Interaction via LOLA: Low Latency High Quality A/V Streaming System

We present LOLA (LOw LAtency audio visual streaming system), a system for distributed performing arts interaction over advanced packet networks. It is intended to operate on high performance networking infrastructures, and is based on low latency audio/video acquisition hardware and on the integration and optimization of audio/video data acquisition, presentation and transmission. The extremely low round trip delay of the transmitted data makes the system suitable for remote musical education, real time distributed musical performance and performing arts activities, but in general also for any human-human interactive distributed activity in which timing and responsiveness are critical factors for the quality of the interaction. The experimentation conducted so far with professional music performers and skilled music students, on geographical distances up to 3500 Km, demonstrated its effectiveness and suitability for distance musical interaction, even when professional players are involved and very ”tempo sensitive” classical baroque music repertoire is concerned.
Usefulness of a Simple Clinical Risk Prediction Method, Modified ACEF Score, for Transcatheter Aortic Valve Implantation.

BACKGROUND
We assessed the predictive accuracy of a simple risk score, modified age, creatinine clearance, ejection fraction (ACEFmodif) score, for outcome of transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI).


METHODS AND RESULTS
We prospectively included 703 consecutive patients undergoing TAVI. Patients were divided into low, middle and high ACEFmodif tertiles. Increased ACEFmodif score was associated with a significantly higher 1-year mortality rate (22%, 28% and 36%, P<0.01) and higher risk of acute kidney injury (AKI; 10%, 10% and 22%, P<0.01). On multivariate logistic regression analysis, ACEFmodif score was the only independent predictor of AKI. On multivariate Cox regression, ACEFmodif score was an independent predictor of 1-year cumulative mortality. Although the area under curve (AUC) showed that all risk scores poorly predicted the incidence of AKI and 1-year cumulative mortality, ACEFmodif score was more efficient in predicting the incidence of AKI compared with STS, LES and ES II (AUC, 0.61, 0.55, 0.54, 0.57, respectively). Furthermore, ACEFmodif score had similar accuracy in predicting 1-year mortality compared with other risk scores (AUC, 0.61, 0.61, 0.61, 0.61, respectively).


CONCLUSIONS
ACEFmodif score may provide useful information for predicting AKI, 30-day and 1-year mortality in patients undergoing TAVI, but these results need further confirmation.
Comparison of contrast-enhanced ultrasonography versus baseline ultrasound and contrast-enhanced computed tomography in metastatic disease of the liver: diagnostic performance and confidence

Aim: The aim of this study was to compare contrast-enhanced ultrasonography (CEUS) to baseline US and contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CT) in metastatic disease of the liver diagnosed or suspected by US during presurgical staging or postsurgical follow-up for primary malignancies. Materials and methods: Two hundred-fifty-three patients considered suitable for US due to the complete explorability of the liver and with one to five proven or suspected liver metastases at baseline US were included. All patients underwent US before and after microbubble injection, and multiphase contrast-enhanced CT. Independent panels of readers reviewed US and CT scans and recorded liver metastases according to a 5-grade scale of diagnostic confidence. Sensitivity, specificity (diagnostic performance) and area under the receiver operating characteristics (ROC) curve (diagnostic confidence) were calculated. Results: Reference standards revealed no metastases in 57/253, more than five in 59/253, and one to five in 137/253 patients. In patients with one to five metastases, CEUS versus baseline US revealed more metastases in 64/137 and the same number in 73/137 patients while CEUS versus CT revealed more metastases in 10/137, the same number in 99/137, and lower number in 28/137. Sensitivity, specificity, and area under ROC curve of CEUS (83%, 84%, 0.929, respectively) differed from baseline US (40%, 63%, 0.579, respectively; P<0.01) while did not differ from CT (89%, 89%, 0.945, respectively; P>0.05). Conclusion: CEUS improved liver metastases diagnosis in comparison with baseline US while it revealed similar diagnostic performance and confidence to contrast-enhanced CT in patients considered suitable for US and with proven or suspected liver metastases at baseline US.
Biocontrol Potential of Soybean Bacterial Endophytes Against Charcoal Rot Fungus, Rhizoctonia bataticola

A total of 137 bacterial isolates from surface sterilized root, stem, and nodule tissues of soybean were screened for their antifungal activity against major phytopathogens like Rhizoctonia bataticola, Macrophomina phaseolina, Fusarium udam, and Sclerotium rolfsii. Nine bacterial endophytes suppressed the pathogens under in vitro plate assay. These were characterized biochemically and identified at the genus level based on their partial sequence analysis of 16S rDNA. Eight of the isolates belonged to Bacillus and one to Paenibacillus. The phylogenetic relationship among the selected isolates was studied and phylogenetic trees were generated. The selected isolates were screened for biocontrol traits like production of hydrogen cyanide (HCN), siderophore, hydrolytic enzymes, antibiotics, and plant growth promoting traits like indole 3-acetic acid production, phosphate solubilization, and nitrogen fixation. A modified assessment scheme was used to select the most efficient biocontrol isolates Paenibacillus sp. HKA-15 (HKA-15) and Bacillus sp. HKA-121 (HKA-121) as potential candidates for charcoal rot biocontrol as well as soybean plant growth promotion.
A genetic algorithmic approach for optimization of surface roughness prediction model

Due to the widespread use of highly automated machine tools in the industry, manufacturing requires reliable models and methods for the prediction of output performance of machining processes. The prediction of optimal machining conditions for good surface finish and dimensional accuracy plays a very important role in process planning. The present work deals with the study and development of a surface roughness prediction model for machining mild steel, using Response Surface Methodology (RSM). The experimentation was carried out with TiN-coated tungsten carbide (CNMG) cutting tools, for machining mild steel work-pieces covering a wide range of machining conditions. A second order mathematical model, in terms of machining parameters, was developed for surface roughness prediction using RSM. This model gives the factor effects of the individual process parameters. An attempt has also been made to optimize the surface roughness prediction model using Genetic Algorithms (GA) to optimize the objective function. The GA program gives minimum and maximum values of surface roughness and their respective optimal machining conditions.
Isoflavone soy protein supplementation and atherosclerosis progression in healthy postmenopausal women: a randomized controlled trial.

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE
Although epidemiological and experimental studies suggest that dietary intake of soy may be cardioprotective, use of isoflavone soy protein (ISP) supplementation as a primary preventive therapy remains unexplored. We determined whether ISP reduces subclinical atherosclerosis assessed as carotid artery intima-media thickness progression.


METHODS
In a double-blind, placebo-controlled trial, 350 postmenopausal women 45 to 92 years of age without diabetes and cardiovascular disease were randomized to 2 evenly divided daily doses of 25 g soy protein containing 91 mg aglycon isoflavone equivalents or placebo for 2.7 years.


RESULTS
Overall, mean (95% CI) carotid artery intima-media thickness progression rate was 4.77 (3.39-6.16) μm/year in the ISP group and 5.68 (4.30-7.06) μm/year in the placebo group. Although carotid artery intima-media thickness progression was reduced on average by 16% in the ISP group relative to the placebo group, this treatment effect was not statistically significant (P=0.36). Among the subgroup of women who were randomized within 5 years of menopause, ISP participants had on average a 68% lower carotid artery intima-media thickness progression rate than placebo participants 2.16 (-1.10 to 5.43) versus 6.79 (3.56-10.01) μm/year (P=0.05). ISP supplementation had a null effect on women who were >5 years beyond menopause when randomized. There were no major adverse events from ISP supplementation.


CONCLUSIONS
ISP supplementation did not significantly reduce subclinical atherosclerosis progression in postmenopausal women. Subgroup analysis suggests that ISP supplementation may reduce subclinical atherosclerosis in healthy young (median age, 53 years) women at low-risk for cardiovascular disease who were <5 years postmenopausal. These first trial results of their kind warrant further investigation.
Semiparametric Decomposition of the Gender Achievement Gap : An Application for Turkey

Using the data from the 2006 Programme for International Student Assessment (PISA), this study sheds light on the gender gap in mathematics and science achievement of 15-year-olds in Turkey. We apply a semiparametric Oaxaca-Blinder (OB) decomposition to investigate the gap. This technique relaxes the parametric assumptions of the standard OB decomposition, accounts for the possible violation of the common support assumption and allows us to explore the gender test score gap not only at the mean but also across the entire distribution of test scores. Our findings provide evidence that the failure to recognize the common support problem leads to the underestimation of the part of the gap attributable to observable characteristics. We find that girls outperform boys in science while the gap is not statistically significant in math. School characteristics are the most important observable characteristics in explaining the gap. We also find that the gender test score gap changes across the distribution. JEL classification: 121, C14 K eywoTds: Gender test score gap, semiparametric decomposition, propensity score matching *Corresponding author. Department of Economics, Box D124, University of Konstanz, 78457 Konstanz, Germany. Phone ++49-7531-88-4183, Fax -4450, Email: zahide.gevrek@uni-konstanz.de.
Voltage Variation Sensitivity Analysis for Unbalanced Distribution Networks Due to Photovoltaic Power Fluctuations

In a geographically small distribution area, fast moving clouds may cover the whole area within a short period causing photovoltaic (PV) power to drop. When a feeder loses PV power support, bus voltages will decrease. In an unbalanced network, asymmetrical spacing and non-transposition of line configurations can result in different voltage drops for each phase. This may potentially cause some voltage problems after a decline in PV generation, such as an extremely low voltage magnitude of a certain phase and an unacceptable voltage imbalance level at a remote bus. This paper proposes a method of analyzing voltage variation sensitivity due to PV power fluctuations in an unbalanced network (unbalanced line configuration and phase loading levels). Based on this method, a network reconfiguration solution is developed to solve the voltage problems. This solution utilizes unbalanced line characteristics and realizes the potential of the network, so no extra compensation devices are needed for network support.
Humans as a Model Organism: The Time Is Now

This issue of GENETICS features an article that signals the Editorial Board’s intent for the journal to increase its presence in the human genetics arena. In its 98-year history GENETICS has featured many articles in which the subject species was Homo sapiens , but until recently those were
Specific modulation of spinal and cortical excitabilities during lengthening and shortening submaximal and maximal contractions in plantar flexor muscles.

This study investigated the influence of the torque produced by plantar flexor muscles on cortical and spinal excitability during lengthening and shortening voluntary contractions. To that purpose, modulations of motor-evoked potential (MEP) and Hoffmann (H) reflex were compared in the soleus (SOL) and medial gastrocnemius (MG) during anisometric submaximal and maximal voluntary contraction (MVC) of the plantar flexor muscles. For the submaximal shortening and lengthening contractions, the target torque was set at 50% of their respective MVC force. The results indicate that the amplitudes of both MEP and H-reflex responses, normalized to the maximal M wave, were significantly (P < 0.05) lower during lengthening compared with shortening submaximal contraction. For these two parameters, the reduction reached, respectively, 22.1 and 31.9% for the SOL and 34.5 and 29.3% for the MG. During MVC, normalized MEP and H reflex of the SOL were both reduced significantly by 19.9% (P < 0.05) and 29.9% (P < 0.001) during lengthening and shortening contraction, respectively, whereas no significant change (P > 0.05) was observed for MG. In addition, the silent period in the ongoing electromyogram (EMG) activity following the MEP was significantly (P < 0.01) briefer during lengthening than shortening contractions but did not differ (P > 0.05) between contraction intensities and muscles. Together, these results indicate that cortical and spinal mechanisms involved in the modulation of muscle activation during shortening and lengthening contractions differ between synergistic muscles according to the torque produced. Data further document previous studies reporting that the specific modulation of muscle activation during lengthening contraction is not torque dependent.
Semantic Annotations For Wsdl And Xml Schema

need, semantic annotation may be applied to describe the operations provided by Markup Language (XML), Semantic Annotation for WSDL and XML Schema.
Learning Context for Text Categorization

This paper describes our work which is based on discovering context for text document categorization. The document categorization approach is derived from a combination of a learning paradigm known as relation extraction and an technique known as context discovery. We demonstrate the effectiveness of our categorization approach using reuters 21578 dataset and synthetic real world data from sports domain. Our experimental results indicate that the learned context greatly improves the categorization performance as compared to traditional categorization approaches.