LLukas22/scidocs huggingface dataset:
A survey on staging and treatment in uterine cervical carcinoma in the Radiotherapy Cooperative Group of the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer

Background: The treatment outcome of advanced stage uterine cervical carcinoma remains unsatisfactory. In order to elaborate a novel trial within The Radiotherapy Cooperative Group (RCG) of the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer (EORTC), we conducted a survey in 1997±1998 to determine the variability of pre-treatment assessment and treatment options. The variability of choosing surgery, de®ned radiation therapy techniques and chemotherapy are investigated, as well as the center's choices of future treatment strategies. Methods: Fifty two of 81 RCG centers from the RCG have participated in the survey. As one would expect, there is a large variation in the techniques used for pretreatment evaluation and treatment options. There is no `standard' for reporting acute and late side effects. Chemotherapy is used neither systematically nor uniformly, and some centers continue to use neadjuvant chemotherapy modalities. Results: Furthermore, the survey reveals that there is a strong demand for the reduction of overall treatment-time, for clinical investigation of novel combined modality treatment strategies, especially chemo±radiation therapy, and also for the use of new radiation sensitizers. Conclusion: We conclude that a more homogeneous approach to the pretreatment evaluation as well as treatment techniques is required in order to allow adequate quality control in any future trial of the RCG in the EORTC. q 2000 Elsevier Science Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.
Acute and postoperative pain in children: a Swedish nationwide survey.

UNLABELLED
Many studies demonstrate inadequate pain treatment in children. The aim of this nationwide survey was to evaluate the prevalence of acute and postoperative pain in children; extent of, and reasons for, inadequate pain therapy; therapy methods; pain-management structure; and the need for education of healthcare professionals. Questionnaires concerning these points were sent to all departments in Sweden involved in the treatment of children. The response rate was 75% (299/ 395). Answers from physicians and nurses showed that, despite treatment, moderate to severe pain occurred in 23% of patients with postoperative pain and 31% of patients with pain of other origin. Postoperative pain seemed to be a greater problem in units where children were treated along with adults and in departments where fewer children were treated. According to 45% of physicians and nurses, treatment of pain could often or always be managed more efficiently. Pain assessments were performed regularly in 43% of all departments, but pain measurement was less frequent; 3% of the departments had no formal organization for pain management; and 15% never or infrequently used potent opioids. Educational needs were high. Insufficient pain treatment seemed to be mostly related to organizational aspects, such as inadequate prescriptions. Anxiety in children or parents also contributed to ineffective pain treatment. Swedish treatment practices for the management of pain in children roughly follow the published guidelines, but many improvements are still necessary.


CONCLUSION
Acute pain in children is still undertreated in Swedish hospitals. This seems to be related mainly to organizational aspects.
Impacts of dietary fat changes on pregnant women with gestational diabetes mellitus: a randomized controlled study.

OBJECTIVE
This study aims to determine the impact of increasing polyunsaturated fatty acid intake on blood glucose, lipid metabolism, and pregnancy outcomes of pregnant women with gestational diabetes mellitus.


METHODS
Under constant total energy and protein intake, 84 pregnant women with gestational diabetes mellitus were randomly divided into the experimental and control groups, which were given oil-rich and conventional low-oil meals, respectively.


RESULTS
After the dietary intervention, the intake and energy supply of fat and the three fatty acids were significantly higher in the experimental group than the control group (p<0.001). The intake and energy supply of polyunsaturated fatty acids increased significantly post-intervention in the experimental group but did not change in the control group. In both the intervention and the control group, fasting blood glucose, 2 h postprandial plasma glucose, and the insulin resistance index decreased significantly post-intervention (p<0.05); the lipid changes were consistent between groups. Pregnancy outcomes did not differ significantly between the two groups (p>0.05).


CONCLUSIONS
An appropriate increase in polyunsaturated fatty acid intake benefits pregnant women with gestational diabetes mellitus as well as fetuses, as long as the diet therapy follows basic recommendations and total energy intake is strictly controlled.
Analytical and experimental studies on active suspension system of light passenger vehicle to improve ride comfort

Suspension systems have been widely applied to vehicles, right from the horse-drawn carriages with flexible leaf springs fixed at the four corners, to the modern automobiles with complex control algorithms. Every vehicle moving on the randomly profiled road is exposed to vibrations which are harmful both for the passengers in terms of comfort and for the durability of the vehicle itself. Therefore the main task of a vehicle suspension is to ensure ride comfort and road holding for a variety of road conditions and vehicle maneuvers. This in turn would directly contribute to the safety. In general, a good suspension should provide a comfortable ride and good handling within a reasonable range of deflection. Moreover, these criteria subjectively depend on the purpose of the vehicle. Sports cars usually have stiff, hard suspensions with poor ride quality while luxury sedans have softer suspensions but with poor road handling capabilities. Therefore, in a good suspension design it is important is given to fairly reduce the disturbance to the outputs (e.g. vehicle height etc). A suspension system with proper cushioning needs to be “soft” against road disturbances and “hard” against load disturbances. A heavily damped suspension will yield good vehicle handling, but also transfers much of the road input to the vehicle body. When the vehicle is traveling at low speed on a rough road or at high speed in a straight line, this will be perceived as a harsh ride. The vehicle operators may find the harsh ride objectionable, or it may physically damage vehicle. Where as a lightly damped suspension will yield a more comfortable ride, but would significantly reduce the stability of the vehicle at turns, lane change maneuvers, or during negotiating an exit ramp. Therefore, a suspension design is an art of compromise between these two goals. A good design of a passive suspension can work up to some extent with respect to optimized riding comfort and road holding ability, but cannot eliminate this compromise. The traditional engineering practice of designing a spring and a damper of a suspension system shown in Fig. 1 are two separate functions that has been a compromise from its very inception in the early 1900’s. This also applies to modern wheel suspensions and therefore a break-through to build a safer and more comfortable car out of passive components is below expectation. The answer to this problem seems to be found only in the development of an active suspension system. In recent years, considerable interest appeared in the use of active vehicle suspensions, which can overcome some of the limitations of passive suspension systems. Fig. 1 Quarter car model a Passenger car
An Identity-Authentication System Using Fingerprints

Fingerprint verification is an important biometric technique for personal identification. In this paper, we describe the design and implementation of a prototype automatic identity-authentication system that uses fingerprints to authenticate the identity of an individual. We have developed an improved minutiae-extraction al-gorithm that is faster and more accurate than our earlier algorithm [58]. An alignment-based minutiae-matching algorithm has been proposed. This algorithm is capable of finding the correspondences between input minutiae and the stored template without resorting to exhaustive search and has the ability to compensate adaptively for the nonlinear deformations and inexact transformations between an input and a template. To establish an objective assessment of our system, both the Michigan State University and the National Institute of Standards and Technology NIST 9 fingerprint data bases have been used to estimate the performance numbers. The experimental results reveal that our system can achieve a good performance on these data bases. We also have demonstrated that our system satisfies the response-time requirement. A complete authentication procedure, on average, takes about 1.4 seconds on a Sun ULTRA 1 workstation (it is expected to run as fast or faster on a 200 HMz Pentium [7]).
Integrated Environmental Management

Dr. Russell was the keynote speaker at the Third Symposium on Integrated Environmental Controls for Fossil-Fuel Power Plants, held In Pittsburgh on February 3-6, 1986. His address follows.
Computational Depth Sensing : Toward high-performance commodity depth cameras

Depth information plays an important role in a variety of applications, including manufacturing, medical imaging, computer vision, graphics, and virtual/augmented reality (VR/AR). Depth sensing has thus attracted sustained attention from both academia and industry communities for decades. Mainstream depth cameras can be divided into three categories: stereo, time of flight (ToF), and structured light. Stereo cameras require no active illumination and can be used outdoors, but they are fragile for homogeneous surfaces. Recently, off-the-shelf light field cameras have demonstrated improved depth estimation capability with a multiview stereo configuration. ToF cameras operate at a high frame rate and fit time-critical scenarios well, but they are susceptible to noise and limited to low resolution [3]. Structured light cameras can produce high-resolution, high-accuracy depth, provided that a number of patterns are sequentially used. Due to its promising and reliable performance, the structured light approach has been widely adopted for three-dimensional (3-D) scanning purposes. However, achieving real-time depth with structured light either requires highspeed (and thus expensive) hardware or sacrifices depth resolution and accuracy by using a single pattern instead.
Derating of transformers under non-sinusoidal loads

Transformers are normally designed and built for utilizing at rated frequency and prefect sinusoidal loads. Supplying non-linear loads by transformer leads to higher losses, early fatigue of insulation, and reduction of the useful life of transformer. To prevent these problems rated capacity of transformer supplying non-linear loads must be reduced. In this paper, at first, a useful model of transformer under harmonic condition is presented. The model in addition to ordinary parameters includes a potential difference defined as the second derivative of the load current that represents eddy current losses in windings and the other stray losses represented as a resistor in series with the leakage inductance and dc resistance. Finally, losses and capacity of 50 KVA transformer under harmonic load current is calculated. This model simulated in MATLAB/Simulink and then its results are compared with losses and capacity calculated by standard.
Girls who disclose sexual abuse: urogenital symptoms and signs after genital contact.

BACKGROUND
Little information is available about idiosyncratic historical details provided by sexually abused girls, yet this information can help medical professionals diagnose sexual abuse.


OBJECTIVES
Our goals were to describe types and frequencies of urogenital symptoms/signs reported by girls who disclosed direct genital contact and to explore factors associated with this reporting.


METHODS
We reviewed 161 medical charts of 3- to 18-year-old girls who disclosed sexual abuse by direct genital contact for urogenital symptoms/signs, type of genital contact (oral, object, digital, or genital), time interval between last perpetrator contact and physical examination, age and sexual maturity at the time of last perpetrator contact, genital findings, and other medical diagnoses. Regression analyses were performed to determine factors that were most predictive of symptom/sign reporting.


RESULTS
Many of the girls reported multiple types of genital contact; 33% reported oral/object-genital contact, 72% reported digital-genital contact, and 55% reported genital-genital contact. Sixty percent of the girls reported experiencing >or=1 symptom/sign; 53% of the total sample had genital pain, 37% had dysuria, and 11% had genital bleeding. Symptoms/signs were highly associated with genital-genital contact: 48% of the girls reporting genital-genital contact had dysuria compared with 25% of girls not reporting genital-genital contact, 72% had genital pain/soreness compared with 32% not reporting genital-genital contact, and 16% had bleeding compared with 4% of those not reporting genital-genital contact. Using regression analysis, the strongest factor predictive of symptom reporting by the girls was genital-genital contact.


CONCLUSIONS
Sexually abused girls who experienced direct genital contact frequently reported symptoms related to the abusive episode. These symptoms were reported most frequently with genital-to-genital contact. This information sheds some light on the mechanism of injury leading to symptom reporting and can be used to further study symptoms/signs reported by sexually abused girls compared with the general population.
A forest fire monitoring system based on GPRS and ZigBee wireless sensor network

The significance of forest fire monitoring was determined by the importance of forest resource and the destructive of forest fire. In the paper, according to the limitation of traditional forest fire monitoring schemes, a new wireless network implementation scheme oriented to forest fire monitoring was presented based on GPRS communication technology and ZigBee technology. The related hardware schemes and software program flows were given. The forest environmental information was collected by ZigBee network and transmitted to FTP server with public network IP on the internet through GPRS network by GPRS module which was controlled by coordinator node. The monitoring center got the data, which was provided for relative experts and decision maker, from FTP server to implement the achievement of remote data from monitoring region. Through the analysis of historical data and real-time data, correct judges and decisions were made. It had strategic significance to improve the level of modernization of forest fire monitoring.
Longitudinal Liver Stiffness Assessment in Patients with Chronic Hepatitis C Undergoing Antiviral Therapy

BACKGROUND/AIMS
Liver stiffness (LS) measurement by means of transient elastography (TE) is accurate to predict fibrosis stage. The effect of antiviral treatment and virologic response on LS was assessed and compared with untreated patients with chronic hepatitis C (CHC).


METHODS
TE was performed at baseline, and at weeks 24, 48, and 72 in 515 patients with CHC.


RESULTS
323 treated (62.7%) and 192 untreated patients (37.3%) were assessed. LS experienced a significant decline in treated patients and remained stable in untreated patients at the end of study (P<0.0001). The decline was significant for patients with baseline LS ≥ 7.1 kPa (P<0.0001 and P 0.03, for LS ≥ 9.5 and ≥ 7.1 kPa vs lower values, respectively). Sustained virological responders and relapsers had a significant LS improvement whereas a trend was observed in nonresponders (mean percent change -16%, -10% and -2%, for SVR, RR and NR, respectively, P 0.03 for SVR vs NR). In multivariate analysis, high baseline LS (P<0.0001) and ALT levels, antiviral therapy and non-1 genotype were independent predictors of LS improvement.


CONCLUSIONS
LS decreases during and after antiviral treatment in patients with CHC. The decrease is significant in sustained responders and relapsers (particularly in those with high baseline LS) and suggests an improvement in liver damage.
Settling statistics of hard sphere particles.

Direct imaging of settling, non-Brownian, hard sphere, particles allows measurement of particle occupancy statistics as a function of time and sampling volume dimension. Initially random relative particle number fluctuations, (2)>/ = 1, become suppressed, anisotropic, and  dependent. Fitting to a simple Gaussian pair correlation model suggests a minute long ranged correlation leads to strong if not complete suppression of number fluctuations. Calflisch and Luke predict a divergence in velocity fluctuations with increasing sample volume size based on random (Poisson) statistics. Our results suggest this is not a valid assumption for settling particles.
Automatic generation of technical documentation

Natural-language generation (NLG) techniques can be used to automatically produce technical documentation from a domain knowledge base and linguistic and contextual models. We discuss this application of NLG technology from both a technical and a usefulness (costs and benefits) perspective. This discussion is based largely on our experiences with the idas documentation-generation project, and the reactions various interested people from industry have had to idas. We hope that this summary of our experiences with idas and the lessons we have learned from it will be beneficial for other researchers who wish to build technical-documentation generation systems. This paper will appear in Applied Artificial Intelligence, volume 9 (1995). Now at CoGenTex, Inc, 840 Hanshaw Rd, Ithaca, NY 14850 USA. Email is ehud@cogentex.com. Email is c.mellish@ed.ac.uk. Email is j.levine@ed.ac.uk.
Do rhesus macaques, Macaca mulatta, understand what others know when gaze following?

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.anbehav.2017.10.016 0003-3472/© 2017 The Association for the Study of A A basic tendency to look where others are looking provides animals with the opportunity to learn about important objects in the environment, such as the location of conspecifics, food and predators. Although research has shown that many social species are able to follow others' gaze, the extent to which different species rely on sophisticated cognitive capacities when gaze following is debated. Whereas some species follow gaze via a relatively inflexible orienting response, gaze following in other species may reflect a deeper understanding of the visual perspective and attentional states of agents. Identifying the mechanisms underlying gaze following in different species is the critical first step to addressing the challenging ultimate question of why different species vary in their gaze-following skills. Therefore, we explored whether rhesus macaques have a mentalistic understanding of gaze. Specifically, we tested whether rhesus macaques are able to incorporate representations of a partner's knowledge state into their gaze-following response. In our study, macaques saw a human actor look to a distant location in a surprised manner. We manipulated whether or not the actor had previously seen the very first object in his line of sight. We found that monkeys looked for an alternative target of the actor's gaze more quickly when the actor had previously seen the object compared to when he had not. This suggests that rhesus macaques may have a mentalistic understanding of gaze cues. © 2017 The Association for the Study of Animal Behaviour. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Omohyoid Muscle Syndrome in a Mixed Martial Arts Athlete

Omohyoid muscle syndrome is a rare cause of an X-shaped bulging lateral neck mass that occurs on swallowing. This is a diagnostic case report of a 22-year-old mixed martial arts athlete who acquired this condition.
Friending your way up the ladder: Connecting massive multiplayer online game behaviors with offline leadership

In what ways do the online behaviors of wizards and ogres map to players’ actual leadership status in the offline world? What can we learn from players’ experience in Massively Multiplayer Online games (MMOGs) to advance our understanding of leadership, especially leadership in online settings (E-leadership)? As part of a larger agenda in the emerging field of empirically testing the ‘‘mapping’’ between the online and offline worlds, this study aims to tackle a central issue in the E-leadership literature: how have technology and technology mediated communications transformed leadership-diagnostic traits and behaviors? To answer this question, we surveyed over 18,000 players of a popular MMOG and also collected behavioral data of a subset of survey respondents over a four-month period. Motivated by leadership theories, we examined the connection between respondents’ offline leadership status and their in-game relationship-oriented and task-related-behaviors. Our results indicate that individuals’ relationship-oriented behaviors in the virtual world are particularly relevant to players’ leadership status in voluntary organizations, while their task-oriented behaviors are marginally linked to offline leadership status in voluntary organizations, but not in companies. 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Safety and efficacy of galantamine (Reminyl) in severe Alzheimer's disease (the SERAD study): a randomised, placebo-controlled, double-blind trial

BACKGROUND
The efficacy of galantamine has been shown in patients with mild, moderate, and advanced moderate Alzheimer's disease (AD). Here we report its efficacy in patients with severe AD.


METHODS
Between December, 2003, and March, 2007, patients aged 84 (SD 6) years with severe AD (mini-mental state examination [MMSE] score 5-12 points), in a nursing home setting were randomly assigned to receive galantamine (n=207), titrated initially to 24 mg/day, or placebo (n=200). Co-primary efficacy measures for cognitive function and ability to undertake normal daily activities were the severe impairment battery (SIB) and the seven-item minimum data set-activities of daily living (MDS-ADL), respectively. Adverse events, vital signs, laboratory parameters, and electrocardiograms were monitored. This trial is registered with ClinicalTrials.gov, number NCT00216593.


FINDINGS
168 of 207 (81%) patients in the galantamine group and 161 of 200 (81%) in the placebo group completed the study. Mean SIB scores increased (improved) by 1.9 (95% CI -0.1 to 3.9) points with galantamine and decreased (worsened) by 3.0 (-5.6 to -0.5) points with placebo (between-group least squares mean difference 4.36, 1.3 to 7.5; p=0.006). Mean MDS-ADL self-performance score worsened by 1.2 (0.6 to 1.8) points and 1.6 (0.8 to 2.3) points, respectively (between-group least squares mean difference -0.41, -1.3 to 0.5; p=0.383). Nominally significant between-group differences in favour of galantamine occurred for the SIB domains of memory (p=0.006), praxis (p=0.010), and visuospatial ability (p=0.002), and for the MDS-ADL subitem locomotion on unit (p=0.021). 183 of 207 patients (88%) who received galantamine and 177 of 200 (89%) who received placebo had adverse events, which were mostly mild to moderate. Eight patients (4%) in the galantamine group and 21 patients (11%) in the placebo group died. ECG abnormalities were similar between the two groups.


INTERPRETATION
Galantamine can be started and used safely in elderly patients with severe AD. Galantamine improved cognitive function but failed to significantly improve the co-primary parameter of overall activities of daily living.