LLukas22/scidocs huggingface dataset:
Participation in life situations of 8-12 year old children with cerebral palsy: cross sectional European study

OBJECTIVES
To evaluate how involvement in life situations (participation) in children with cerebral palsy varies with type and severity of impairment and to investigate geographical variation in participation.


DESIGN
Cross sectional study. Trained interviewers visited parents of children with cerebral palsy; multilevel multivariable regression related participation to impairments, pain, and sociodemographic characteristics.


SETTING
Eight European regions with population registers of children with cerebral palsy; one further region recruited children from multiple sources.


PARTICIPANTS
1174 children aged 8-12 with cerebral palsy randomly selected from the population registers, 743 (63%) joined in the study; the further region recruited 75 children.


MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE
Children's participation assessed by the Life-H questionnaire covering 10 main areas of daily life. Scoring ignored adaptations or assistance required for participation.


RESULTS
Children with pain and those with more severely impaired walking, fine motor skills, communication, and intellectual abilities had lower participation across most domains. Type of cerebral palsy and problems with feeding and vision were associated with lower participation for specific domains, but the sociodemographic factors examined were not. Impairment and pain accounted for up to a sixth of the variation in participation. Participation on all domains varied substantially between regions: children in east Denmark had consistently higher participation than children in other regions. For most participation domains, about a third of the unexplained variation could be ascribed to variation between regions and about two thirds to variation between individuals.


CONCLUSIONS
Participation in children with cerebral palsy should be assessed in clinical practice to guide intervention and assess its effect. Pain should be carefully assessed. Some European countries facilitate participation better than others, implying some countries could make better provision. Legislation and regulation should be directed to ensuring this happens.
Ethical Issues in the Mental Health Treatment of Gender Dysphoric Adolescents.

SUMMARY This paper will focus on ethical dilemmas that arise in the treatment of adolescents with gender dysphoria. We will begin with a discussion of ethical and legal issues pertinent to the treatment of any adolescent, and then proceed to the gender dysphoric adolescent, since there is a great deal of overlap between the two areas. The authors re-view legal decisions, the existing data on adolescent decision-making, and ethical principles that may help the clinician in resolving some very complex situations. Utilizing case vignettes of three gender dysphoric adolescents, the authors provide a pragmatic illustration of the ethical dilemmas involved in evaluation and treatment of these youth. It is the authors' belief that treatment interventions should be based on respect for the adolescent's autonomy and confidentiality where he or she is deemed competent to make decisions.
Early recognition of pediatric venous thromboembolism: a risk-assessment tool.

BACKGROUND
The incidence of venous thromboembolism in children has increased dramatically, with most cases occurring in children with cancer, surgery, trauma, congenital heart disease, and systemic lupus erythematosus. Early assessment of risk factors present in children would minimize morbidity and mortality from these events.


OBJECTIVES
To evaluate the reliability and validity of a tool for assessing risk for venous thromboembolism in children.


METHODS
The tool was developed after a review of the literature with assessment of content validity by a multidisciplinary team of experts. Patients' charts were reviewed retrospectively to establish reliability and validity of the tool. A P value less than .05 was considered statistically significant.


RESULTS
Thirty-five charts were assessed for tool validity and were found to be statistically significant for all 3 risk score assessment categories. Logistic regression was used to assess 1001 patients' charts for internal consistency, which was found to be high (χ(2)(5)[n = 1001] = 100.6, P < .001). Results indicated that most patients at risk for venous thromboembolism were between the ages of 13 and 17 years, with females having more than 7 times greater risk than males.


CONCLUSIONS
Descriptive statistics show that the assessment tool displays strong reliability and validity. Results validated a significant relationship between the risk score and the incidence of venous thromboembolism. Findings suggest that use of the assessment tool could significantly reduce adverse outcomes associated with venous thromboembolism in children.
A Convex Framework for Fair Regression

. Pairs of similar examples classified dissimilarly can be cancelled out by pairs classified dissimilarly in the opposite direction, least stringent fairness requirement I Hybrid Fairness: cancellation only among cross-pairs within “buckets” – interpolates between individual and group fairness I Fairness loss minimized by constant predictors, but this incurs bad accuracy loss . How to trade off accuracy and fairness losses?
The mammary gland in domestic ruminants: a systems biology perspective.

UNLABELLED
Milk and dairy products are central elements in the human diet. It is estimated that 108kg of milk per year are consumed per person worldwide. Therefore, dairy production represents a relevant fraction of the economies of many countries, being cattle, sheep, goat, water buffalo, and other ruminants the main species used worldwide. An adequate management of dairy farming cannot be achieved without the knowledge on the biological mechanisms behind lactation in ruminants. Thus, understanding the morphology, development and regulation of the mammary gland in health, disease and production is crucial. Presently, innovative and high-throughput technologies such as genomics, transcriptomics, proteomics and metabolomics allow a much broader and detailed knowledge on such issues. Additionally, the application of a systems biology approach to animal science is vastly growing, as new advances in one field of specialization or animal species lead to new lines of research in other areas or/and are expanded to other species. This article addresses how modern research approaches may help us understand long-known issues in mammary development, lactation biology and dairy production.


BIOLOGICAL SIGNIFICANCE
Dairy production depends upon the knowledge of the morphology and regulation of the mammary gland and lactation. High-throughput technologies allow a much broader and detailed knowledge on the biology of the mammary gland. This paper reviews the major contributions that genomics, transcriptomics, metabolomics and proteomics approaches have provided to understand the regulation of the mammary gland in health, disease and production. In the context of mammary gland "omics"-based research, the integration of results using a Systems Biology Approach is of key importance.
Mic Check! Media Cultures and the Occupy Movement

Scholars and activists have hotly debated the relationship between social media and social movement activity during the current global cycle of protest. This article investigates media practices in the Occupy movement and develops the concept of social movement media cultures: the set of tools, skills, social practices and norms that movement participants deploy to create, circulate, curate and amplify movement media across all available platforms. The article posits three key areas of inquiry into social movement media cultures, and explores them through the lens of the Occupy movement: (1) What media platforms, tools and skills are used most widely by movement participants? (Practices); (2) What role do experienced practitioners play in movement media practices? (Expertise); and (3) In what ways does the movement media culture lean toward open or participatory, and in what ways toward closed or top–down? (Open/Closed). Insight into the media culture of the Occupy movement is based on mixed qualitative and quantitative methods, including semi-structured interviews, participant observation, visual research and participation in Occupy Hackathons, as well as the Occupy Research General Demographic and Political Participation Survey, a database of approximately 1200 local Occupy sites, and a dataset of more than 13 million Occupy-related tweets. The findings will be of interest to both scholars and movement participants.
Dermoscopic rainbow pattern in atypical fibroxanthoma.

why the pattern is found in other types of skin lesions with active vascularization, such as our patient’s scars. When first described in actinic keratosis, rosettes were characterized as ‘‘4 white points arranged as a 4-leaf clover.’’2 The sign has since been reported in other skin lesions such as squamous cell carcinoma, basal cell carcinoma, melanoma, and lichenoid keratosis.3--7 Rosettes are believed to be the result of an optical effect caused by interaction between polarized light and follicular openings.6 The rainbow pattern and rosettes are not considered to be specific dermoscopic features of the lesion. Since it appears that they are secondary effects of the interaction between different skin structures and polarized light, they will likely be observed in various types of skin lesions. References
Feasibility of wireless sensors using ambient 2.4GHz RF energy

We present a new system for measuring ambient RF energy in the 2.4GHz ISM band. This apparatus is intended to establish the feasibility of harvesting ambient RF energy to power emerging ultra-low-power sensors and microcontrollers. We simultaneously acquire RF measurements from a spatial and polarization diversity antenna system, with both a spectrum analyzer (frequency-selective but slow), and a log amp (wideband but fast), explain key tradeoffs in the measurement configuration, and present a post-processing algorithm which provides a reliable characterization of the RF energy available in the 2.4GHz ISM band. Preliminary results suggest enough energy is available to support a low duty cycle wireless sensor node system. An average RF power of 11nW is observed 10m away from a typical Wi-Fi access point in an office environment, suggesting the possibility of low duty cycle, wirelessly powered sensing and communication using a Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE) or another ultra low power uplink.
Effects of Case Western Reserve University's transverse analysis on the quality of orthodontic treatment.

INTRODUCTION
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of using the transverse analysis developed at Case Western Reserve University (CWRU) in Cleveland, Ohio. The hypotheses were based on the following: (1) Does following CWRU's transverse analysis improve the orthodontic results? (2) Does following CWRU's transverse analysis minimize the active treatment duration?


METHODS
A retrospective cohort research study was conducted on a randomly selected sample of 100 subjects. The sample had CWRU's analysis performed retrospectively, and the sample was divided according to whether the subjects followed what CWRU's transverse analysis would have suggested. The American Board of Orthodontics discrepancy index was used to assess the pretreatment records, and quality of the result was evaluated using the American Board of Orthodontics cast/radiograph evaluation. The Mann-Whitney test was used for the comparison.


RESULTS
CWRU's transverse analysis significantly improved the total cast/radiograph evaluation scores (P = 0.041), especially the buccolingual inclination component (P = 0.001). However, it did not significantly affect treatment duration (P = 0.106).


CONCLUSIONS
CWRU's transverse analysis significantly improves the orthodontic results but does not have significant effects on treatment duration.
Pattern dependent modeling of electroplated copper profiles

Copper electroplated profiles exhibit pattern dependent topography. We propose a methodology for the characterization and modeling of feature scale copper step heights and the height of copper array regions, as a function of layout parameters. The resulting empirical models with parameters extracted from conventional and super fill plating processes capture several key trends important in electroplating, and are the first step toward an integrated chip-scale copper plating/ CMP simulation capability.
A research framework for social commerce adoption

Purpose – Social relationships on the internet through the emergence of Web 2.0 applications created new opportunities for business. This is mainly because of the growth of social networking sites, which has also developed e-commerce. The current development in e-commerce opened a new stream, entitled social commerce, which is using social technologies to create an environment for generating social interactions. These social interactions can drive online social support in e-commerce, which in turn is creating trust and an increased intention to use social commerce. Design/methodology/approach – This research used social support theory and related theories on intention to use to propose a theoretical framework for the adoption of social commerce. Findings – The model predicts that forums and communities, ratings, reviews, referrals and recommendations are helping to introduce new business plans for e-vendors. The model also shows trust is an on-going issue in e-commerce and can be built through social commerce constructs. Research limitations/implications – There is limited research in the area of social commerce which this study seeks to redress. This study proposes a new model which can be extended by other constructs. However, the research needs to empirically test the constructs of the proposed model and their relationship. Originality/value – This paper introduces social commerce constructs, namely; recommendations and referrals, forums and communities and rating and reviews. The bases of the model proposed in this research are IT adoption and literature in the area such as PU and intention to buy or trust. These highlight the key role of ICT in the behaviour of online customers. This can be a development for e-commerce adoption models and the results signify that IS has a reference discipline for the behaviour of online consumers. This is an issue in marketing where not enough attention is paid to the importance of IT and IS.
Genetics and sports.

INTRODUCTION
The limit of each individual to perform a given type of exercise depends on the nature of the task, and is influenced by a variety of factors, including psychology, environment and genetic make up. Genetics provide useful insights, as sport performances can be ultimately defined as a polygenic trait.


SOURCES OF DATA
We searched PubMed using the terms 'sports' and 'genetics' over the period 1990 to present.


AREAS OF AGREEMENT
The physical performance phenotypes for which a genetic basis can be suspected include endurance capacity, muscle performance, physiological attitude to train and ability of tendons and ligaments to withstand injury. Genetic testing in sport would permit to identify individuals with optimal physiology and morphology, and also those with a greater capacity to respond/adapt to training and a lesser chance of suffering from injuries.


AREAS OF CONTROVERSY
Ethical and practical caveats should be clearly emphasized. The translation of an advantageous genotype into a champion's phenotype is still influenced by environmental, psychological and sociological factors.


EMERGING AREAS FOR DEVELOPING RESEARCH
The current scientific evidence on the relationship between genetics and sports look promising. There is a need for additional studies to determine whether genome-wide genotyping arrays would be really useful and cost-effective. Since exercise training regulates the expression of genes encoding various enzymes in muscle and other tissues, genetic research in sports will help clarify several aspects of human biology and physiology, such as RNA and protein level regulation under specific circumstances.
Firefly-Inspired Synchronization for Improved Dynamic Pricing in Online Markets

We consider the problem of dynamic pricing by sellers in an online market economy using software agents called price bots. In previous research on dynamic pricing algorithms, each seller's pricebot employs either heuristics-based or learning-based techniques to determine and update the profit maximizing price for itself at certain intervals in response to changes in market dynamics. In these dynamic pricing techniques, each seller's pricebot uses only its private information such as past prices and profits to update its price in successive intervals. In this paper, we posit that the profits obtained by a pricebot can be improved if each pricebot incorporates its competitors' pricing information along with its private price and profit information in its price-update calculations. However, incorporating competitors' pricing information accurately into a pricebot's dynamic pricing algorithm is a challenging problem because competing sellers (pricebots) update their prices asynchronously and by an amount determined by each seller's private pricing strategy. Our contribution in this paper is a novel dynamic pricing algorithm that uses a distributed synchronization model observed in nature to align each seller's price with its competitors' prices. Our analytical and simulation results show that the combination of a heuristics-based pricing mechanism that uses only a seller's private information and the synchronization-based mechanism that aligns its prices with its competitors, enables a seller's pricebot to improve its profits by as much as 78% as compared to previous dynamic pricing algorithms.
The relationship between hospital work environment and nurse outcomes in Guangdong, China: a nurse questionnaire survey.

AIMS AND OBJECTIVES
This study examines the relationship between hospital work environments and job satisfaction, job-related burnout and intention to leave among nurses in Guangdong province, China.


BACKGROUND
The nursing shortage is an urgent global problem and also of concern in China. Studies in Western countries have shown that better work environments are associated with higher nurse satisfaction and lower burnout, thereby improving retention and lowering turnover rates. However, there is little research on the relationship between nurse work environments and nurse outcomes in China.


DESIGN
This is a cross-sectional study. Survey data were collected from 1104 bedside nurses in 89 medical, surgical and intensive care units in 21 hospitals across the Guangdong province in China.


METHODS
Stratified convenience sampling was used to select hospitals, and systematic sampling was used to select units. All staff nurses working on participating units were surveyed. The China Hospital Nurse Survey, including the Practice Environment Scale of the Nursing Work Index and Maslach Burnout Inventory, was employed to collect data from nurses. Statistical significance level was set at 0·05.


RESULTS
Thirty-seven per cent of the nurses experienced high burnout, and 54% were dissatisfied with their jobs. Improving nurses' work environments from poor to better was associated with a 50% decrease in job dissatisfaction and a 33% decrease in job-related burnout among nurses.


CONCLUSION
Burnout and job dissatisfaction are high among hospital nurses in Guangdong province, China. Better work environments for nurses were associated with decreased job dissatisfaction and job-related burnout, which may successfully address the nursing shortage in China.


RELEVANCE TO CLINICAL PRACTICE
The findings of this study indicate that improving work environments is essential to deal with the nursing shortage; the findings provide motivation for nurse managers and policy makers to improve work environments of hospital nurses in China.
A Semantic Enhanced Service Proxy Framework for Internet of Things

This paper proposes a semantic enhanced service proxy framework for internet-of-things cloud. The framework exposes IoT cloud's smart objects as services by virtue of service orientation and virtualization. The framework uses an adapter oriented approach to address the issue of connectivity with different types of smart objects. We employ a query based service re-route mechanism to decouple service provider and service consumer. We propose micro-formats based service description template for associating smart object location with its service end-point. As a step toward enhancing smart objects service publication and discovery, we adopt a service advertisement approach within the IoT cloud perimeter that automates service publication and discovery process. Our proof-of-concept prototype implementation shows that the existing technology enablers are capable of realizing the service oriented IoT vision, which does not only plug smart objects into the internet but also link the information resided in smart objects into the fabric of the web.
Effectiveness of different memory training programs on improving hyperphagic behaviors of residents with dementia: a longitudinal single-blind study

BACKGROUND
Hyperphagia increases eating-associated risks for people with dementia and distress for caregivers. The purpose of this study was to compare the long-term effectiveness of spaced retrieval (SR) training and SR training combined with Montessori activities (SR + M) for improving hyperphagic behaviors of special care unit residents with dementia.


METHODS
The study enrolled patients with dementia suffering from hyperphagia resident in eight institutions and used a cluster-randomized single-blind design, with 46 participants in the SR group, 49 in the SR + M group, and 45 participants in the control group. For these three groups, trained research assistants collected baseline data on hyperphagic behavior, pica, changes in eating habits, short meal frequency, and distress to caregivers. The SR and SR + M groups underwent memory training over a 6-week training period (30 sessions), and a generalized estimating equation was used to compare data of all the three groups of subjects obtained immediately after the training period and at follow-ups 1 month, 3 months, and 6 months later.


RESULTS
Results showed that the hyperphagic and pica behaviors of both the SR and SR + M groups were significantly improved (P<0.001) and that the effect lasted for 3 months after training. The improvement of fast eating was significantly superior in the SR + M group than in the SR group. The improvement in distress to caregivers in both intervention groups lasted only until the posttest. Improvement in changes in eating habits of the two groups was not significantly different from that of the control group.


CONCLUSION
SR and SR + M training programs can improve hyperphagic behavior of patients with dementia. The SR + M training program is particularly beneficial for the improvement of rapid eating. Caregivers can choose a suitable memory training program according to the eating problems of their residents.