LLukas22/scidocs huggingface dataset:
Monostotic Fibrous Dysplasia : A Case Report

Fibrous dysplasia (FD) is a benign fibro-osseous bone disease of unknown etiology and uncertain pathogenesis. When bone maturation is completed, indicating the occurence of stabilization is a strong evidence of mechanism. The lesion frequently affects the craniofacial skeleton. The maxilla is affected twice comparing mandible and occurs more frequently in the posterior area. In this case, a 16 year-old female patient is presented who was diagnosed as having maxillofacial fibrous dysplasia. *Corresponding author: Gözde Canıtezer, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, Faculty of Dentistry, Ondokuz Mayıs University, 55139 Kurupelit, Samsun, Turkey, Tel: +90 362 3121919-3012, +90 505 8659063; Fax: +90 362 4576032; E-mail: gozde.canitezer@omu.edu.tr Received October 02, 2013; Accepted November 04, 2013; Published November 06, 2013 Citation: Canıtezer G, Gunduz K, Ozden B, Kose HI (2013) Monostotic Fibrous Dysplasia: A Case Report. Dentistry 3: 1667. doi:10.4172/2161-1122.1000167 Copyright: © 2013 Canıtezer G, et al. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
Sequence rehearsal and validation on surface operations of the Mars Exploration Rovers

The sequence rehearsal tool in the Rover Sequencing and Visualization Program (RSVP) is based on modeling and simulation of the multi-body mechanical systems. The methodology has been developed to support a real-time interactive graphics mode for the visualization tool, using the Configuration Kinematics (CK) and 3D terrain models. The sequence simulation is carried out using the on-board flight software modules for realistic rover behavior. It enables the scientists and rover planners to effectively develop the command sequences for rover safety and maximize the science returns of the Mars Exploration Rover (MER) mission. This paper describes the innovative numerical algorithm and the command sequence simulation of the MER mission for surface operations. Recently, the Rover Analysis Modeling Simulation algorithm [1], which computes the configuration of the robotic vehicles on rough terrain, has been developed at JPL for planetary surface exploration rover missions. Based on these and related methods, we've developed the sequence simulation tool to achieve the required accuracy and support the time-critical applications. One crucial design decision of the command sequence simulation tool is to represent the multi-body model as a collection of subsystems. Not only is the rover model partitioned by an object-oriented hierarchy of multi-body subsystems, but the numerical algorithms that carry out the solutions of configuration kinematics and inverse kinematics are also implemented via object-oriented methodology. Inheriting the subsystem model and the numerical methods are the structure-preserving simulators, which directly map the numerical solutions to the corresponding physical structures. The subsystem simulators constitute the sequence rehearsal engine that is advantageous to traditional multi-body simulations. The benefits of the structure preserving design for command sequence simulation will be detailed in this paper. 1. Modeling of the Mars Exploration Rovers Simulations of space-borne systems have been well-developed and successfully applied to many of the past and current NASA missions. The modeling and simulation of spacecraft has been carried out using multi-body system dynamics [2,3,4]. The design and operation of the spacecraft are based on the predicted behavior using high-fidelity simulation tools [5]. The modeling of robotic vehicles for the surface operations is, however, very different from those of traditional spacecraft operations. The most important aspect of the rover's model is the need to interact with the surrounding terrain. Based on the knowledge of the terrain, the simulator will predict the
An autonomous, underactuated exoskeleton for load-carrying augmentation

Metabolic studies have shown that there is a metabolic cost associated with carrying load (T. M. Griffen, et al., 2003). In previous work, a lightweight, underactuated exoskeleton has been described that runs in parallel to the human and supports the weight of a payload (C. J. Walsh, et al., 2006). A state-machine control strategy is written based on joint angle and ground-exoskeleton force sensing to control the joint actuation at this exoskeleton hip and knee. The joint components of the exoskeleton in the sagittal plane consist of a force-controllable actuator at the hip, a variable-damper mechanism at the knee and a passive spring at the ankle. The control is motivated by examining human walking data. Positive, non-conservative power is added at the hip during the walking cycle to help propel the mass of the human and payload forward. At the knee, the damper mechanism is turned on at heel strike as the exoskeleton leg is loaded and turned off during terminal stance to allow knee flexion. The passive spring at the ankle engages in controlled dorsiflexion to store energy that is later released to assist in powered plantarflexion. Preliminary studies show that the state machines for the hip and knee work robustly and that the onset of walking can be detected in less than one gait cycle. Further, it is found that an efficient, underactuated leg exoskeleton can effectively transmit payload forces to the ground during the walking cycle
A Heuristics Approach for Fast Detecting Suspicious Money Laundering Cases in an Investment Bank

Today, money laundering (ML) poses a serious threat not only to financial institutions but also to the nation. This criminal activity is becoming more and more sophisticated and seems to have moved from the cliché of drug trafficking to financing terrorism and surely not forgetting personal gain. Most international financial institutions have been implementing anti-money laundering solutions (AML) to fight investment fraud. However, traditional investigative techniques consume numerous man-hours. Recently, data mining approaches have been developed and are considered as well-suited techniques for detecting ML activities. Within the scope of a collaboration project for the purpose of developing a new solution for the AML Units in an international investment bank, we proposed a data mining-based solution for AML. In this paper, we present a heuristics approach to improve the performance for this solution. We also show some preliminary results associated with this method on analysing transaction datasets. Keywords—data mining, anti money laundering, clustering, heuristics.
Prognostic Accuracy of the SOFA Score, SIRS Criteria, and qSOFA Score for In-Hospital Mortality Among Adults With Suspected Infection Admitted to the Intensive Care Unit.

Importance
The Sepsis-3 Criteria emphasized the value of a change of 2 or more points in the Sequential [Sepsis-related] Organ Failure Assessment (SOFA) score, introduced quick SOFA (qSOFA), and removed the systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS) criteria from the sepsis definition.


Objective
Externally validate and assess the discriminatory capacities of an increase in SOFA score by 2 or more points, 2 or more SIRS criteria, or a qSOFA score of 2 or more points for outcomes among patients who are critically ill with suspected infection.


Design, Setting, and Participants
Retrospective cohort analysis of 184 875 patients with an infection-related primary admission diagnosis in 182 Australian and New Zealand intensive care units (ICUs) from 2000 through 2015.


Exposures
SOFA, qSOFA, and SIRS criteria applied to data collected within 24 hours of ICU admission.


Main Outcomes and Measures
The primary outcome was in-hospital mortality. In-hospital mortality or ICU length of stay (LOS) of 3 days or more was a composite secondary outcome. Discrimination was assessed using the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUROC). Adjusted analyses were performed using a model of baseline risk determined using variables independent of the scoring systems.


Results
Among 184 875 patients (mean age, 62.9 years [SD, 17.4]; women, 82 540 [44.6%]; most common diagnosis bacterial pneumonia, 32 634 [17.7%]), a total of 34 578 patients (18.7%) died in the hospital, and 102 976 patients (55.7%) died or experienced an ICU LOS of 3 days or more. SOFA score increased by 2 or more points in 90.1%; 86.7% manifested 2 or more SIRS criteria, and 54.4% had a qSOFA score of 2 or more points. SOFA demonstrated significantly greater discrimination for in-hospital mortality (crude AUROC, 0.753 [99% CI, 0.750-0.757]) than SIRS criteria (crude AUROC, 0.589 [99% CI, 0.585-0.593]) or qSOFA (crude AUROC, 0.607 [99% CI, 0.603-0.611]). Incremental improvements were 0.164 (99% CI, 0.159-0.169) for SOFA vs SIRS criteria and 0.146 (99% CI, 0.142-0.151) for SOFA vs qSOFA (P <.001). SOFA (AUROC, 0.736 [99% CI, 0.733-0.739]) outperformed the other scores for the secondary end point (SIRS criteria: AUROC, 0.609 [99% CI, 0.606-0.612]; qSOFA: AUROC, 0.606 [99% CI, 0.602-0.609]). Incremental improvements were 0.127 (99% CI, 0.123-0.131) for SOFA vs SIRS criteria and 0.131 (99% CI, 0.127-0.134) for SOFA vs qSOFA (P <.001). Findings were consistent for both outcomes in multiple sensitivity analyses.


Conclusions and Relevance
Among adults with suspected infection admitted to an ICU, an increase in SOFA score of 2 or more had greater prognostic accuracy for in-hospital mortality than SIRS criteria or the qSOFA score. These findings suggest that SIRS criteria and qSOFA may have limited utility for predicting mortality in an ICU setting.
Impact of health education intervention on knowledge and perception of cervical cancer and cervical screening uptake among adult women in rural communities in Nigeria

BACKGROUND
Cervical cancer is a disease of public health importance affecting many women and contributing to avoidably high levels of cancer deaths in Nigeria. In spite of the relative ease of prevention, the incidence is on the increase. This study aimed to determine the effect of health education on the awareness, knowledge and perception of cervical cancer and screening among women in rural Nigerian communities.


METHODS
The study design was quasi-experimental. The study was carried out among adult women in Odogbolu (intervention) and Ikenne (control) local government areas (LGA) of Ogun state. Three hundred and fifty (350) women were selected per group by multistage random sampling technique. Data was collected by semi structured interviews with the aid of questionnaire. The intervention consisted of structured health education based on a movie.


RESULT
The intervention raised the level of awareness of cervical cancer and screening to 100% (p < 0.0001). The proportion of women with very good knowledge of cervical cancer and screening rose from 2% to 70.5% (χ(2) = 503.7, p < 0.0001) while the proportion of those with good perception rose from 5.1% to 95.1% (p < 0.0001). The mean knowledge and mean perception scores were also increased (p < 0.0001). There was increase in the proportion of women who had undertaken cervical screening from 4.3% to 8.3% (p = 0.038). The major reason stated by the women for not having had cervical screening done was lack of awareness about cervical cancer and screening. There was statistically significant difference between the intervention and control groups concerning their knowledge attitude and practice towards cervical and screening (p < 0.05) after the intervention.


CONCLUSION
Multiple media health education based on a movie is effective in creating awareness for and improving the knowledge and perception of adult women about cervical cancer and screening. It also improves the uptake of cervical cancer screening. The creation of awareness is very crucial to the success of a cervical cancer prevention programme.
Hydrothermal synthesis of Li4Ti5O12-TiO2 composites and Li4Ti5O12 and their applications in lithium-ion batteries

Abstract Through a facile hydrothermal way, Li 4 Ti 5 O 12 -rutile-anatase TiO 2 ternary phase composites have been successfully prepared by different Li:Ti molar ratios of 4:5 and 3.5:5 with different heat treatment temperatures of 450 and 600 °C. XRD, SEM and TEM were performed for physical characterizations and the results prove the existence of three components in the composites with similar morphology of nanosheets and nanoparticles. The electrochemical measurements of charge and discharge through a galvanostatic method, CV and EIS were also applied to evaluate their electrochemical performances. The discharge capacities of the first cycle of the synthesized composites can reach to ~ 174 mAh g −1 and approach the theoretical capacity of Li 4 Ti 5 O 12 , which could be attributed to the TiO 2 phase introduced into the composites. The results of cyclic and rate measurements suggest that both capacities and rate performances have been enhanced by the presence of the TiO 2 phase.
Camera-based drowsiness reference for driver state classification under real driving conditions

Experts assume that accidents caused by drowsiness are significantly under-reported in police crash investigations (1–3%). They estimate that about 24–33% of the severe accidents are related to drowsiness. In order to develop warning systems that detect reduced vigilance based on the driving behavior, a reliable and accurate drowsiness reference is needed. Studies have shown that measures of the driver's eyes are capable to detect drowsiness under simulator or experiment conditions. In this study, the performance of the latest eye tracking based in-vehicle fatigue prediction measures are evaluated. These measures are assessed statistically and by a classification method based on a large dataset of 90 hours of real road drives. The results show that eye-tracking drowsiness detection works well for some drivers as long as the blinks detection works properly. Even with some proposed improvements, however, there are still problems with bad light conditions and for persons wearing glasses. As a summary, the camera based sleepiness measures provide a valuable contribution for a drowsiness reference, but are not reliable enough to be the only reference.
Classifying ecological status under the European Water Framework Directive: the need for monitoring to account for natural variability

By now, all European freshwater and coastal marine ecologists should be familiar with the European Directive 2000/60/EC establishing a framework for Community action in the field of water policy, which is commonly referred to as the Water Framework Directive (WFD). The purpose of the directive is to establish a framework for the protection of inland surface waters, transitional waters, coastal waters and groundwater. The directive aims to provide the mechanisms to prevent further deterioration, and it protects and enhances the status of aquatic ecosystems and, with regard to their water needs, of terrestrial ecosystems and wetlands directly depending on aquatic ecosystems. There is an environmental objective that, by the year 2015, all surface and groundwaters in Europe will achieve a classification defined as good ecological status. The WFD provides for a comprehensive framework of measures to safeguard European water resources, and came about because of the general failure of policies across Europe to prevent a steady decline in water quality. It will supersede and amalgamate a number of existing, and more narrowly focused, directives enacted in response to the environmental pressures on aquatic environments that have been recognized widely since the 1970s. The WFD is about preserving and, where necessary, improving the quality of surface waters and groundwaters by implementing ‘river basin management plans’, designed to establish an integrated approach to catchment management. ‘Competent Authorities’ will apply the rules of the
Estrogen as an adjuvant therapy to antipsychotics does not prevent relapse in women suffering from schizophrenia: results of a placebo-controlled double-blind study

The expected therapeutic effect of estrogen as an adjunct treatment to antipsychotics in women suffering from schizophrenia for relapse prevention was to be tested under real-life conditions. A multicenter, randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind, cross-over study based on an A-B-A-B (and/or B-A-B-A) design was applied. Forty-six hypoestrogenic women with schizophrenia hospitalized for the first time or repeatedly were included in the study. Their average age was 37.9 and they had been suffering from schizophrenia for 8.4 years. During the drug treatment phases, they received a three-phase estrogen-gestagen combination drug (17beta-estradiol+norethisterone acetate) in addition to an antipsychotic drug. Significant effects of the adjuvant hormone replacement therapy on the estradiol levels could be observed, and high and low levels of estradiol prevailed in the active drug and placebo phases, respectively. We did not find any difference either in defined relapse events or in the psychopathology between estradiol replacement and placebo phases. Neither did the required antipsychotic doses or the tolerance data differ between the two phases. Thus, the results of our study do not confirm the hypothesis that a combined estradiol/antipsychotic therapy is superior to an antipsychotic monotherapy for relapse prevention.
The Delphi technique : a method for testing complex and multifaceted topics

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to provide project management (PM) students with an example of the Delphi research approach that was applied to a recent doctoral research thesis. The objective is to provide both a description of the approach and an explanation of how it was successfully applied so that researchers in PM may become more aware and expand their perceptions of methodological options available to them. Design/methodology/approach – The paper sets out a literature review of the Delphi approach and explains this research method as it was experienced as a research tool. The paper also provides reflection on the experience of being a researcher undertaking a doctoral study. Findings – The Delphi approach is one of many that may be selected for researching PM issues and problems. It is appropriate for researching complex issues where larger scale quantitative “hard data” fails to unearth richness in tacit knowledge to help the research understand subtle expert opinion. It does not offer the rigor of clinical testing or quantitative analysis, but it provides a scientific methodology that is well suited to issues that require the insights of subject matter experts. The use of Delphi in this context was successful in that the thesis was passed and so its use in this context may be now considered as proved through rigorous examination. Originality/value – The paper provides a solid literature review that may be used or referred to by researchers wishing to adopt this research approach. It also describes the protocols and processes adopted in the doctoral study. Thus, this paper provides the opportunity for PM researchers to expand their repertoire of research tools. Practitioners may also benefit from this paper as it provides a useful approach to assess and validate expert knowledge that could be contestable in a range of practice situations.
Towards Signal-Based Instrumental Quality Diagnosis for Text-to-Speech Systems

In this letter, the first steps toward the development of a signal-based instrumental quality measure for text-to-speech (TTS) systems are described. Hidden Markov models (HMM), trained on naturally-produced speech, serve as artificial text- and speaker-independent reference models against which synthesized speech signals are assessed. A normalized log-likelihood measure, computed between perceptual features extracted from synthesized speech and a gender-dependent HMM reference model, is proposed and shown to be a reliable parameter for multidimensional TTS quality diagnosis. Experiments with subjectively scored synthesized speech data show that the proposed measure attains promising estimation performance for quality dimensions labeled overall impression, listening effort, naturalness, continuity/fluency, and acceptance.
An Arson Investigation by using Comprehensive Two-dimensional Gas Chromatography-Quadrupole Mass Spectrometry

The aim of this investigation is to develop a new tool for the investigation of hydrocarbon accelerants. The chemical analysis of fire debris in an arson investigation has gone through several developmental stages. The nature of the analysis has been divided into three essential components due to the complexity of the samples. The first has been the extraction of the accelerants from the debris. The second has been the development of instrumental techniques for the analysis of extracted samples. The interpretation of the results is the final stage. In our investigation, we have used comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatography-quadrupole mass spectrometry (GCXGC-qMS). GCXGC-qMS is well suited for the analysis of complex hydrocarbon accelerants. We applied the resolution and separation powers of the GCXGC with the high precision mass scanning capabilities of a quadrupole mass spectrometer to investigate these complex samples. Total and selective ion scans were performed on samples obtained from an arson investigation. By using this process, we were able to conclusively determine the presence of hydrocarbon accelerants in fire debris.
Why are hematopoietic stem cells so ‘sexy’? on a search for developmental explanation

Evidence has accumulated that normal human and murine hematopoietic stem cells express several functional pituitary and gonadal sex hormones, and that, in fact, some sex hormones, such as androgens, have been employed for many years to stimulate hematopoiesis in patients with bone marrow aplasia. Interestingly, sex hormone receptors are also expressed by leukemic cell lines and blasts. In this review, I will discuss the emerging question of why hematopoietic cells express these receptors. A tempting hypothetical explanation for this phenomenon is that hematopoietic stem cells are related to subpopulation of migrating primordial germ cells. To support of this notion, the anatomical sites of origin of primitive and definitive hematopoiesis during embryonic development are tightly connected with the migratory route of primordial germ cells: from the proximal epiblast to the extraembryonic endoderm at the bottom of the yolk sac and then back to the embryo proper via the primitive streak to the aorta-gonado-mesonephros (AGM) region on the way to the genital ridges. The migration of these cells overlaps with the emergence of primitive hematopoiesis in the blood islands at the bottom of the yolk sac, and definitive hematopoiesis that occurs in hemogenic endothelium in the embryonic dorsal aorta in AGM region.
The influence of technology readiness on satisfaction and behavioral intentions toward self-service technologies

Today s competitive world is increasingly characterized by technology-assisted services and transactions. Self-service technologies (SSTs) continue to be a critical component of customer– firm interactions but not all customers like to use SSTs or are ready to use them. In this study, we examine the role of customer s technology readiness (TR) and assess the influence of TR on both satisfaction and behavioral intentions toward SSTs. We first review the relevant literature on technology readiness, satisfaction and behavioral intentions, then explore their relationships, and present our research framework and hypotheses. This model was tested with a sample of 413 consumers. The hypothesized model was statistically significantly supported, indicating that TR does influence customer satisfaction and behavioral intention with SSTs. Implications of the results are then discussed. 2005 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.