LLukas22/scidocs huggingface dataset:
Achievement Goal Orientations and Intrinsic Motivation in Physical Fitness Testing With Children

This study examined the relationship between dispositional achievement goal orientations and intrinsic motivation following physical fitness testing. Students, aged 11-15 years, completed the Task and Ego Orientation in Sport Questionnaire, participated in the 20-m progressive shuttle run test, and then completed a modified Intrinsic Motivation Inventory (IMI). Using their goal orientations, students were placed into one of four groups: low in both task and ego, high egobow task, high taskflow ego, and high in both task and ego. A MANOVA indicated that for students in the "high" and "low" performance groups, differences in intrinsic motivation between goal orientation groups were found. Perceived success and goal orientations had independent effects on intrinsic motivation for the lower performance group but interacted to influence intrinsic motivation for the higher performance group. It is concluded that children have different motivational reactions to fitness testing, depending on their goal profile, performance, and perceived success.
Guarded Commands, Nondeterminacy and Formal Derivation of Programs

So-called “guarded commands” are introduced as a building block for alternative and repetitive constructs that allow nondeterministic program components for which at least the activity evoked, but possibly even the final state, is not necessarily uniquely determined by the initial state. For the formal derivation of programs expressed in terms of these constructs, a calculus will be be shown.
A PWM buck-boost AC chopper solving the commutation problem

A novel pulsewidth modulation buck–boost ac chopper using regenerative dc snubbers is proposed and analyzed. Compared to the previous buck–boost ac choppers, ac snubbers causing power loss are eliminated using regenerative dc snubbers. Experimental results show that the proposed scheme gives good steady-state performance of the ac chopper, which coincides with the theoretical results.
Reliability of potential clinical measures of muscle tone in the elbows of patients after stroke.

OBJECTIVES
This study investigated the reliability of joint resting position (EJP), resistance to passive movement (ERM), and the angle of appearance of the resistance (EAR) as measures of muscle hypertonus of elbow flexors in patients after stroke. Previously, similar measures had been found reliable when applied to measuring shoulder and wrist hypertonus in patients after stroke.


METHOD
Forty-five subjects with stroke were randomly selected from occupational therapy admissions at two rehabilitation centers. Tone of elbow flexors was measured twice at the same sitting by two examiners. EJP and EAR were measured with a goniometer, and ERM was measured with a resistance rating scale. Correlations were calculated between first and second measurements by center and by high tone and poor upper extremity function subgroups (with correction for multiple correlations) to determine reliability.


RESULTS
Each of the three measures was highly reliable as demonstrated by a high correlation in at least one of the subgroups (Center 1: EJP, r = .964 for high tone subgroup; ERM, r = .789, EAR, r = .902, both in poor upper extremity function subgroup; and Center 2: EJP, r = .892, ERM, r = .938, both in poor upper extremity function subgroup; EAR, r = .666 for all subjects; all p values < .05). Correlations were especially high when data for subjects with high upper extremity function were eliminated.


CONCLUSION
Reliability of these three methods of measuring upper extremity muscle tone enhances their usefulness as well as therapists' confidence in their judicial application.
Prevalence of infective endocarditis in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus.

BACKGROUND
Compared with the general population, patients with systemic lupus erythematosus, or SLE, have an increased prevalence of functionally impaired cardiac valves due to the presence of Libman-Sacks lesions. These lesions may place patients with SLE at risk of developing infective endocarditis, or IE.


METHODS
The authors performed a retrospective chart review to determine the association between SLE with valvulopathy and IE. They reviewed the records of 361 patients from two health care facilities who had the diagnostic code of SLE.


RESULTS
Of the 275 records that met the 1982 revised American Rheumatism Association criteria for SLE, 51 (18.5 percent) were for patients who had a clinically detectable heart murmur that resulted in echocardiography being performed. Nine (3.3 percent) of the 275 patients had a clinically significant valvular abnormality, three (1.1 percent) had a potentially significant valvular abnormality, and one (0.4 percent) had a history of IE that was diagnosed two years before her diagnosis of SLE was made.


CONCLUSIONS
The findings suggest that 18.5 percent of this cohort of patients with SLE had a clinically detectable heart murmur that would require further investigation to determine its significance. Furthermore, between 3.3 and 4.4 percent of the study population had cardiac valve abnormalities that potentially required antibiotic prophylaxis before certain dental procedures. However, the authors identified no cases that demonstrated an association between IE and diagnosed SLE.


CLINICAL IMPLICATIONS
Dentists should query their patients with SLE about their cardiac status and consult with the patient's physician if the cardiac status is unknown. Patients with confirmed valvular abnormalities should receive antibiotic prophylaxis for designated bacteremia-producing dental procedures.
Rehabilitation Program for Caregivers about Patients ’ Post Autologous Bone Marrow Transplantation

Autologous stem cell transplant can be a curative therapy to restore normal hematopoiesis after myeloablative treatments in patients with malignancies. Aim: To evaluate the effect of rehabilitation program for caregivers about patients’ post autologous bone marrow transplantation Research Design: A quasi-experimental design was used. Setting: The study was conducted in Sheikh Zayed Specialized Hospital at Oncology Outpatient Clinic of Bone Marrow Transplantation Unit. Sample: A purposive sample comprised; a total number of 60 patients, their age ranged from 21 to 50 years, free from any other chronic disease and the caregivers are living with the patients in the same home. Tools: Two tools were used for data collection. First tool: An interviewing autologous bone marrow transplantation questionnaire for the patients and their caregivers was divided into five parts; Including: Socio-demographic data, knowledge of caregivers regarding autologous bone marrow transplant and side effect of chemotherapy, family caregivers’ practices according to their providing care related to post bone marrow transplantation, signs and symptoms, activities of daily living for patients and home environmental sanitation for the patients. Second tool: deals with physical examination assessment of the patients from head to toe. Results: 61.7% of patients aged 30˂40 years, and 68.3 % were female. Regarding the type of relationship with the patients, 48.3% were the mother, 58.3% of patients who underwent autologous bone marrow transplantation had a sanitary environment and there were highly statistically significant differences between caregivers’ knowledge and practices pre/post program. Conclusion: There were highly statistically significant differences between family caregivers' total knowledge, their practices, as well as their total caregivers’ knowledge, practices and patients’ independency level pre/post rehabilitation program. . Recommendations: Counseling for family caregivers of patients who underwent autologous bone marrow transplantation and carrying out rehabilitation program for the patients and their caregivers to be performed properly during the rehabilitation period at caner hospitals such as 57357 Hospital and The National Cancer Institute in Cairo.
The fructose tolerance test in patients with chronic kidney disease and metabolic syndrome in comparison to healthy controls

BACKGROUND
Fructose acutely raises serum uric acid in normal subjects, but the effect in subjects with metabolic syndrome or subjects with chronic kidney disease is unknown. The aim of the study was to evaluate changes in serum uric acid during the fructose tolerance test in patients with chronic kidney disease, metabolic syndrome with comparison to healthy controls.


METHODS
Studies were performed in 36 subjects with obesity (body mass index >30) and metabolic syndrome, 14 patients with stage 3 chronic kidney disease, and 25 healthy volunteers. The fructose tolerance test was performed in each patient. The change in serum uric acid during the fructose challenge was correlated with baseline ambulatory blood pressure, serum uric acid, metabolic, and inflammatory markers, and target organ injury including carotid intima media thickness and renal resistive index (determined by Doppler).


RESULTS
Absolute serum uric acid values were highest in the chronic kidney disease group, followed by the metabolic syndrome and then healthy controls. Similar increases in serum uric acid in response to the fructose tolerance test was observed in all three groups, but the greatest percent rise was observed in healthy controls compared to the other two groups. No significant association was shown between the relative rise in uric acid and clinical or inflammatory parameters associated with kidney disease (albuminuria, eGFR) or metabolic syndrome.


CONCLUSIONS
Subjects with chronic kidney disease and metabolic syndrome have higher absolute uric acid values following a fructose tolerance test, but show a relatively smaller percent increase in serum uric acid. Changes in serum uric acid during the fructose tolerance test did not correlate with changes in metabolic parameters, inflammatory mediators or with target organ injury. These studies suggest that acute changes in serum uric acid in response to fructose do not predict the metabolic phenotype or presence of inflammatory mediators in subjects with obesity, metabolic syndrome or chronic kidney disease.


TRIAL REGISTRATION
The study was registered in ClinicalTrials.gov. Identifier : NCT01332526. www.register.clinicaltrials.gov/01332526.
High-dose Chemotherapy in Lung Cancer

68S 5th World Conference on Lung Cancer in oat cell carcinonma of the lung. Cancer 1982; 50:1084-90 18 Minna JI), lhde DC, Buni, PA, et aI. Exteimsive stage small cell carcinon,a of the lung (SSCL): effect of increasing intensity of inductiom, chemotherapy. Proc AACR’ASCO 1980; 21:448 19 VogelSE, Nlehta C. Standard (STD) vs Intensive (INT) ii,duction cheniotherapv of small cell bronchogenic carcinoma (SCBC) with cyclophosphamnide (C), CCNU (Cc) amid methotrexate (M), &illowed by continued CCcM or cyclic miiaintenance therapya randomized trial of the Eastern Cooperative Oi,cologv Group. Proc AACR/ASCO 1981; 22:199 20 Ilide DC, Johnson BE, Nlulshine JL, et al. Randomized trial of high doss’ vs. standard dose etoposide and cisplatin (VP1&’Plat) in extensive stage small cell lung cancer (SCLC). Proc Am Soc Cliii Om,col 1987: 6:181 21 Klastersky J, Nicaise C, Longeval E, etal. Cisplatin, adriarnycimm and etoposide (CA\’) for remission induction of sniall cell bromichogenic carcinoma: Evaluation of efRcacy and toxicity amid
Daclatasvir in combination with asunaprevir and beclabuvir for hepatitis C virus genotype 1 infection with compensated cirrhosis.

IMPORTANCE
Effective and well-tolerated, interferon-free regimens are needed for treatment of patients with chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection and cirrhosis.


OBJECTIVE
All-oral therapy with daclatasvir (nonstructural protein 5A [NS5A] inhibitor), asunaprevir (NS3 protease inhibitor), and beclabuvir (nonnucleoside NS5B inhibitor), with or without ribavirin, was evaluated in patients with HCV genotype 1 infection and compensated cirrhosis.


DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS
The UNITY-2 study was conducted between December 2013 and October 2014 at 49 outpatient sites in the United States, Canada, France, and Australia. Patients were treated for 12 weeks, with 24 weeks of follow-up after completion of treatment. Adult patients with cirrhosis were enrolled in 2 cohorts: HCV treatment-naive or HCV treatment-experienced. Statistical analyses were based on historical controls; there were no internal controls.


INTERVENTIONS
All patients received twice-daily treatment with the fixed-dose combination of daclatasvir (30 mg), asunaprevir (200 mg), and beclabuvir (75 mg). In addition, patients within each cohort were stratified according to HCV genotype 1 subtype (1a or 1b) and randomly assigned (1:1) to receive double-blinded weight-based ribavirin (1000-1200 mg/d) or matching placebo.


MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES
Sustained virologic response at posttreatment week 12 (SVR12).


RESULTS
One hundred twelve patients in the treatment-naive group and 90 patients in the treatment-experienced group were treated and included in the analysis. Enrolled patients were 88% white with a median age of 58 years (treatment-naive group) or 60 years (treatment-experienced group); 74% had genotype 1a infection. SVR12 rates were 98% (97.5% CI, 88.9%-100%) for patients in the treatment-naive group and 93% (97.5% CI, 85.0%-100.0%) for those in the treatment-experienced group when ribavirin was included in the regimen. With the fixed-dose combination alone, response rates were 93% (97.5% CI, 85.4%-100.0%) for patients in the treatment-naive group and 87% (97.5% CI, 75.3%-98.0%) for those in the treatment-experienced group. Three serious adverse events were considered to be treatment related and there were 4 adverse event-related discontinuations. Treatment-emergent grade 3 or 4 alanine aminotransferase elevations were observed in 4 patients, of which 1 had concomitant total bilirubin elevation.


CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE
In this open-label uncontrolled study, patients with chronic HCV genotype 1 infection and cirrhosis who received a 12-week oral fixed-dose regimen of daclatasvir, asunaprevir, and beclabuvir, with or without ribavirin, achieved high rates of SVR12.
Analgesic-like Activity of Essential Oils Constituents

Research on neuroactive drugs is a pharmaceutical sector of high interest and growth. The discovery of efficient drugs that can relieve pain is a subject of research in the pharmaceutical industry and academic field because pain is a symptom of many diseases. This review will summarize results on the discovery of essential oil constituents with analgesic-like activity from the chemical and pharmacological perspectives. Overall, 43 bioactive compounds were selected in nociception models. Among them, 62.8% were monoterpenes, 18.6% sesquiterpenes and other constituents represented 18.6%. The data show the potential of this group of natural product chemicals as analgesic drugs that may be useful for therapeutic purposes.
Inspiratory muscle training improves breathing pattern during exercise in COPD patients.

Dyspnoea is typically the main symptom limiting exercise capacity in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) [1–3]. Exertional dyspnoea has been linked to dynamic hyperinflation (DH), when lung expansion critically encroaches upon the inspiratory reserve volume (IRV) [4]. Consequently, patients develop a rapid and shallow breathing pattern, which is energetically opposite to the pattern required to minimise the work of breathing [5]. Furthermore, the restriction of tidal volume (VT) expansion has recently been linked to daily physical activity limitation [6].
The Role of Consensus in the Neutrality/Advocacy Debate

v Introduction 1 Neutrality 7 Classic Neutrality 8 Revealed Neutrality 10 Criticisms of Classic Neutrality and How 11 Revealed Neutrality Answers Them It Promotes Dishonesty 11 It Promotes Moral Relativism 12 It Promotes a Lack of Commitment to Values 14 Illusion of Neutrality 14 Advocacy 18 Concerns about Advocacy 19 Indoctrination 19 Respecting Student Autonomy 20 Persuasive Advocacy 22 Critical Advocacy 23 The Open Approach 27 Dynamics of the Classroom 29 Neutrality, Then Advocacy 30 The Consensus View 32 The Consensus Dynamic 33 Controversy in General Public / Consensus amongst Experts 34 Consensus in General Public / Controversy in Field of Experts 36 Consensus in Both – Consensus is same 38 Consensus in Both – Consensus is Different 38 Controversy in Both 39 Conclusion 41 Works Cited 43 Vita 44
A deep feature fusion methodology for breast cancer diagnosis demonstrated on three imaging modality datasets.

BACKGROUND
Deep learning methods for radiomics/computer-aided diagnosis (CADx) are often prohibited by small datasets, long computation time, and the need for extensive image preprocessing.


AIMS
We aim to develop a breast CADx methodology that addresses the aforementioned issues by exploiting the efficiency of pre-trained convolutional neural networks (CNNs) and using pre-existing handcrafted CADx features.


MATERIALS & METHODS
We present a methodology that extracts and pools low- to mid-level features using a pretrained CNN and fuses them with handcrafted radiomic features computed using conventional CADx methods. Our methodology is tested on three different clinical imaging modalities (dynamic contrast enhanced-MRI [690 cases], full-field digital mammography [245 cases], and ultrasound [1125 cases]).


RESULTS
From ROC analysis, our fusion-based method demonstrates, on all three imaging modalities, statistically significant improvements in terms of AUC as compared to previous breast cancer CADx methods in the task of distinguishing between malignant and benign lesions. (DCE-MRI [AUC = 0.89 (se = 0.01)], FFDM [AUC = 0.86 (se = 0.01)], and ultrasound [AUC = 0.90 (se = 0.01)]).


DISCUSSION/CONCLUSION
We proposed a novel breast CADx methodology that can be used to more effectively characterize breast lesions in comparison to existing methods. Furthermore, our proposed methodology is computationally efficient and circumvents the need for image preprocessing.
Antithrombotic therapy influences location, enlargement, and mortality from intracerebral hemorrhage. The Bleeding with Antithrombotic Therapy (BAT) Retrospective Study.

BACKGROUND
To determine whether the use of oral antithrombotic agents before the onset of intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) affects hematoma features and early patient outcome.


METHODS
A retrospective, multicenter study involving 1,006 consecutive Japanese patients (607 men, 67 +/- 12 years of age) hospitalized within 24 h after the onset of nontraumatic ICH was conducted.


RESULTS
One hundred and eighty patients were taking oral antiplatelet agents (17.9%, AP group), 67 were taking warfarin (6.7%, W group), and 21 were taking both (2.1%, W + AP group). After adjustment for age, sex, and known confounders, the taking of each kind of antithrombotic therapy was independently related to cerebellar hemorrhage; the odds ratios (OR) and 95% CI, with patients taking no antithrombotic agents as the reference group, were 2.31 (1.23-4.32) for the AP group, 2.90 (1.26-6.63) for the W group, and 3.43 (1.02-11.59) for the W + AP group. Similarly, the taking of each kind of antithrombotic therapy was independently related to hematoma enlargement within the initial 24 h (OR and 95% CI: AP group, 1.92, 1.10-3.34; W group, 4.80, 2.12-10.87; W + AP group, 4.94, 1.31-18.61) and mortality at 3 weeks post-ICH (OR and 95% CI: AP group, 2.70, 1.56-4.68; W group, 2.50, 1.05-5.96; W + AP group, 9.41, 2.78-31.88).


CONCLUSIONS
Prior medication with antiplatelet agents, warfarin, or both was predictive of cerebellar hemorrhage, hematoma enlargement, and early death in Japanese ICH patients.
Implementation Aspects of Channel Estimation for 3GPP LTE Terminals

In this paper, hardware implementation aspects of the channel estimator in 3GPP LTE terminals are investigated. A channel estimation ASIC, which handles the real-time channel estimation, is presented. Compared to traditional correlatorbased channel estimators, the channel estimator presented boosts the throughput at feasible silicon cost by adopting a recently proposed estimation method named Approximate Linear Minimum Mean Square Error (ALMMSE). In this paper, both the architecture and VLSI implementation of the estimator are elaborated. Implemented using a 65nm CMOS process, the channel estimator supports the full 20MHz bandwidth of 3GPP LTE and consumes only 49kgates. * Johan Eilert is now with ST_Ericsson AT AB, Lund, Sweden
The effects of animal-assisted therapy on loneliness in an elderly population in long-term care facilities.

BACKGROUND
Animal-assisted therapy (AAT) is claimed to have a variety of benefits, but almost all published results are anecdotal. We characterized the resident population in long-term care facilities desiring AAT and determined whether AAT can objectively improve loneliness.


METHODS
Of 62 residents, 45 met inclusion criteria for the study. These 45 residents were administered the Demographic and Pet History Questionnaire (DPHQ) and Version 3 of the UCLA Loneliness Scale (UCLA-LS). They were then randomized into three groups (no AAT; AAT once/week; AAT three times/week; n = 15/group) and retested with the UCLA-LS near the end of the 6-week study.


RESULTS
Use of the DPHQ showed residents volunteering for the study had a strong life-history of emotional intimacy with pets and wished that they currently had a pet. AAT was shown by analysis of covariance followed by pairwise comparison to have significantly reduced loneliness scores in comparison with the no AAT group.


CONCLUSIONS
The desire for AAT strongly correlates with previous pet ownership. AAT reduces loneliness in residents of long-term care facilities.
High accuracy current measurement in the main power converters of the large hadron collider: tutorial 53

In the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) at CERN, the powering of the main dipole and quadrupole circuits is divided into eight separate powering sub sectors due to the very high magnetic energy stored in these circuits and to protection constraints of the superconducting magnets [1]. As a consequence, individual sector currents must be controlled with very high accuracy in amplitude and time to ensure that the beam of particles sees the same magnetic field in all sectors. This results in a requirement for current tracking between the different sectors of better than ± 5 ppm and short term stability of better than ± 2 ppm [1], at 13 kA currents.