LLukas22/scidocs huggingface dataset:
A Critical Review on Obstetric Follow-up of Women Affected by Systemic Lupus Erythematosus.

OBJECTIVE
 To review the existing recommendations on the prenatal care of women with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), based on currently available scientific evidence.


METHODS
 An integrative review was performed by two independent researchers, based on the literature available in the MEDLINE (via PubMed), EMBASE and The Cochrane Library databases, using the medical subject headings (MeSH) terms "systemic lupus erythematosus" AND "high-risk pregnancy" OR "prenatal care." Studies published in English between 2007 and 2017 were included; experimental studies and case reports were excluded. In cases of disagreement regarding the inclusion of studies, a third senior researcher was consulted. Forty titles were initially identified; four duplicates were excluded. After reading the abstracts, 7 were further excluded and 29 were selected for a full-text evaluation.


RESULTS
 Systemic lupus erythematosus flares, preeclampsia, gestation loss, preterm birth, fetal growth restriction and neonatal lupus syndromes (mainly congenital heart-block) were the major complications described. The multidisciplinary team should adopt a specific monitoring, with particular therapeutic protocols. There are safe and effective drug options that should be prescribed for a good control of SLE activity.


CONCLUSION
 Pregnant women with SLE present an increased risk for maternal complications, pregnancy loss and other adverse outcomes. The disease activity may worsen and, thereby, increase the risk of other maternal-fetal complications. Thus, maintaining an adequate control of disease activity and treating flares quickly should be a central goal during prenatal care.
Determinants of poverty in Mozambique: 1996-97.

This report presents an analysis of the structural determinants of living standards and poverty in Mozambique, which is based on nationally-representative data from the first national household living standards survey since the end of the civil war: the Mozambique Inquérito Nacional aos Agregados Familiares Sobre As Condições de Vida (MIAF), or National Household Survey on Living Conditions. Poverty in Mozambique is predominantly a rural phenomenon and is pervasive, with over two-thirds of the population falling below the poverty line. The degree of regional variation of poverty within the country is striking. Poverty levels are highest in Sofala, Tete, and Inhambane Provinces, where over 80 percent of the population lives below the poverty line, and lowest in Maputo City (although, with a headcount of 48 percent, poverty is still high in the capital city). The poverty estimates indicate that even though Mozambique is recovering from the emergency situation of the civil war, and becoming more self-reliant for its basic needs, there remains a great deal of structural poverty in the country. Areas that stand out in particular are low levels of human capital, including low educational levels and the poor health of most of the population; low productivity in the agricultural sector, where most Mozambicans are employed; a weak physical infrastructure and poor access to basic services, including potable water, health facilities, transportation, communications, and markets; and high rates of fertility and corresponding high dependency ratios. The policy simulations that illustrate the impact that changes in the levels of determinants of poverty have on poverty levels allow us to identify six possible elements of a prospective poverty alleviation strategy for Mozambique. These include (1) increased investment in education, (2) sustained economic growth, (3) a sectoral pattern of growth favoring faster growth in the industrial and services sectors, (4) measures to raise agricultural productivity, (5) improved rural infrastructure, and (6) reducing fertility and dependency load within households. In conclusion, any meaningful poverty reduction
A case–control study of craniofacial features of children with obstructed sleep apnea

This study aims to analyze differences in the skeletal, dental, and soft tissue components of craniofacial structure predisposing to the pediatric obstructive sleep apnea, by a comparison of the cephalograms between children with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) and controls. The study enrolled a total of 30 children who were composed of the following two groups: 15 OSA patients and 15 controls. The two groups were strictly matched by age and sex. Lateral head radiographs were obtained and then cephalometric measurements were compared between the two. Fifty-six measurements were determined to study various skeletal, soft tissue, and airway structure. Marked differences were demonstrated in terms of SNB, PG-NB, lower facial height, H-C3Me, and adenoid (A) and tonsil (T/P). The SNB angle (75.82 ± 4.30) in case group was smaller than in the control (78.71 ± 2.61; p = 0.035), the PG/NB value in case group (1.32 ± 0.84 mm) was higher than that in the control (0.62 ± 0.60 mm; p = 0.015). The anterior lower facial height was 65.12 ± 5.91 mm in case group (p = 0.048), while the anterior lower facial height in control was 61.51 ± 3.22 mm. The position of hyoid was lower in case group (5.30 ± 3.67 mm) compared with the control one (2.64 ± 2.58 mm; p = 0.029). Furthermore, the patients with OSA had larger As and T/Ps than the controls. The case group differed from the control group in the length of mandible, anterior lower facial height, position of hyoid and the chin, and the size of the As and T/Ps.
ASSESSMENT OF THE IRRIGATION WATER QUALITY OF RIVER GANGA IN HARIDWAR DISTRICT

This paper is an attempt to analyze the water quality of river Ganga in Haridwar district for irrigation purpose. Water samples were collected from 5 sampling stations. The study area has been divided into three seasons: Winter (November-February), summer (March to June) and rainy (July to October). Water quality variables were measured in the river over a period of two years (Nov.2006 to Oct. 2 008). The samples were analyzed for electrical conductivity (Ec), total dissolved salts (TDS), magnesium content (MC), sodium percent (SP), sodium adsorption ratio (SAR), residual sodium carbonate (RSC) and permeability index (PI). Study of all these characteristics indicates that river water in rainy season is not suitable for irrigation purpose because of high values of total dissolved salts, Ec and SP
Impact of proactive nurse participation in ICU family conferences: a mixed-method study

OBJECTIVES
To investigate family perceptions of having a nurse participating in family conferences and to assess the psychologic well being of the same families after ICU discharge.


DESIGN
Mixed-method design with a qualitative study embedded in a single-center randomized study.


SETTING
Twelve-bed medical-surgical ICU in a 460-bed tertiary hospital.


SUBJECTS
One family member for each consecutive patient who received more than 48 hours of mechanical ventilation in the ICU.


INTERVENTION
Planned proactive participation of a nurse in family conferences led by a physician. In the control group, conferences were led by a physician without a nurse.


MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS
Of the 172 eligible family members, 100 (60.2%) were randomized; among them, 88 underwent semistructured interviews at ICU discharge and 86 completed the Peritraumatic Dissociative Experiences Questionnaire at ICU discharge and then the Hospital Anxiety Depression Questionnaire and the Impact of Event Scale (for posttraumatic stress-related symptoms) 3 months later. The intervention and control groups were not significantly different regarding the prevalence of posttraumatic stress-related symptoms (52.3 vs 50%, respectively; p = 0.83). Anxiety and depression subscale scores were significantly lower in the intervention group. The qualitative data indicated that the families valued the principle of the conference itself. Perceptions of nurse participation clustered into four main themes: trust that ICU teamwork was effective (50/88; 56.8%), trust that care was centered on the patient (33/88; 37.5%), trust in effective dissemination of information (15/88; 17%), and trust that every effort was made to relieve anxiety in family members (12/88; 13.6%).


CONCLUSIONS
Families valued the conferences themselves and valued the proactive participation of a nurse. These positive perceptions were associated with significant anxiety or depression subscale scores but not with changes in posttraumatic stress-related symptoms.
Managing Multiple Generations in the Workplace.

Today's workplace often includes workers from 4 distinct generations, and each generation brings a unique set of core values and characteristics to an organization. These generational differences can produce benefits, such as improved patient care, as well as challenges, such as conflict among employees. This article reviews current research on generational differences in educational settings and the workplace and discusses the implications of these findings for medical imaging and radiation therapy departments.
Microcomputed tomography and microfinite element modeling for evaluating polymer scaffolds architecture and their mechanical properties.

Detailed knowledge of the porous architecture of synthetic scaffolds for tissue engineering, their mechanical properties, and their interrelationship was obtained in a nondestructive manner. Image analysis of microcomputed tomography (microCT) sections of different scaffolds was done. The three-dimensional (3D) reconstruction of the scaffold allows one to quantify scaffold porosity, including pore size, pore distribution, and struts' thickness. The porous morphology and porosity as calculated from microCT by image analysis agrees with that obtained experimentally by scanning electron microscopy and physically measured porosity, respectively. Furthermore, the mechanical properties of the scaffold were evaluated by making use of finite element modeling (FEM) in which the compression stress-strain test is simulated on the 3D structure reconstructed from the microCT sections. Elastic modulus as calculated from FEM is in agreement with those obtained from the stress-strain experimental test. The method was applied on qualitatively different porous structures (interconnected channels and spheres) with different chemical compositions (that lead to different elastic modulus of the base material) suitable for tissue regeneration. The elastic properties of the constructs are explained on the basis of the FEM model that supports the main mechanical conclusion of the experimental results: the elastic modulus does not depend on the geometric characteristics of the pore (pore size, interconnection throat size) but only on the total porosity of the scaffold.
Excessive Long-Time Deflections of Prestressed Box Girders . I : Record-Span Bridge in Palau and Other Paradigms

The segmental prestressed concrete box girder of Koror-Babeldaob (KB) Bridge in Palau, which had a record span of 241 m (791 ft), presents a striking paradigm of serviceability loss because of excessive multidecade deflections. The data required for analysis have recently been released and are here exploited to show how the analysis and design could be improved. Erected segmentally in 1977, this girder developed a midspan deflection of 1.61 m (5.3 ft) compared with the design camber after 18 years, and it collapsed in 1996 as a consequence of remedial prestressing, after a 3-month delay. Compared with three-dimensional analysis, the traditional beam-type analysis of box girder deflections is found to have errors up to 20%, although greater errors are likely for bridges with higher box-width-to-span ratios than the KB Bridge. However, even three-dimensional finite-element analysis with step-by-step time integration cannot explain the observed deflections when the current American Concrete Institute, Japan Society of Civil Engineers, Comité Euro-International du Béton (or Comité EuroInternational du Béton—Fédération internationale de la précontrainte), and Gardner and Lockman prediction models for creep and shrinkage are used. These models give 18-year deflection estimates that are 50–77% lower than measured and yield unrealistic shapes of the deflection history. They also predict the 18-year prestress loss to be 46–56% lower than the measured mean prestress loss, which was 50%. Model B3, which is the only theoretically based model, underestimates the 18-year deflection by 42% and gives a prestress loss of 40% when the default parameter values are used. However, in Model B3, several input parameters are adjustable and if they are adjusted according to the long-time laboratory tests of Brooks, a close fit of all the measurements is obtained. For early deflections and their extrapolation, it is important that Model B3 can capture realistically the differences in the rates of shrinkage and drying creep caused by the differences in the thickness of the walls of the cross section. The differences in temperature and possible cracking of the top slab also need to be taken into account. Other paradigms on which data have recently been released are four bridges in Japan and one in the Czech Republic. Their excessive deflections can also be explained. The detailed method of analysis and the lessons learned are presented in Part II. DOI: 10.1061/(ASCE)ST.1943-541X .0000487. © 2012 American Society of Civil Engineers. CE Database subject headings: Creep; Shrinkage; Box girders; Serviceability; Deflection; Span bridges. Author keywords: Prestressed box girder; Bridges; Segmental erection; Shear lag; Design standards; Concrete; Relaxation.
Randomised controlled trial comparing laparoscopic and robot-assisted radical prostatectomy.

BACKGROUND
The advantages of robot-assisted radical prostatectomy (RARP) over laparoscopic radical prostatectomy (LRP) have rarely been investigated in randomised controlled trials.


OBJECTIVE
To compare RARP and LRP in terms of the functional, perioperative, and oncologic outcomes. The main end point of the study was changes in continence 3 mo after surgery.


DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS
From January 2010 to January 2011, 120 patients with organ-confined prostate cancer were enrolled and randomly assigned (using a randomisation plan) to one of two groups based on surgical approach: the RARP group and the LRP group.


INTERVENTION
All RARP and LRP interventions were performed with the same technique by the same single surgeon.


OUTCOME MEASUREMENTS AND STATISTICAL ANALYSIS
The demographic, perioperative, and pathologic results, such as the complications and prostate-specific antigen (PSA) measurements, were recorded and compared. Continence was evaluated at the time of catheter removal and 48 h later, and continence and potency were evaluated after 1, 3, 6, and 12 mo. The student t test, Mann-Whitney test, χ(2) test, Pearson χ(2) test, and multiple regression analysis were used for statistics.


RESULTS AND LIMITATIONS
The two groups (RARP: n=60; LRP: n=60) were comparable in terms of demographic data. No differences were recorded in terms of perioperative and pathologic results, complication rate, or PSA measurements. The continence rate was higher in the RARP group at every time point: Continence after 3 mo was 80% in the RARP group and 61.6% in the LRP group (p=0.044), and after 1 yr, the continence rate was 95.0% and 83.3%, respectively (p=0.042). Among preoperative potent patients treated with nerve-sparing techniques, the rate of erection recovery was 80.0% and 54.2%, respectively (p=0.020). The limitations included the small number of patients.


CONCLUSIONS
RARP provided better functional results in terms of the recovery of continence and potency. Further studies are needed to confirm our results.
Multiobjective Signal Processing Optimization: The way to balance conflicting metrics in 5G systems

The evolution of cellular networks is driven by the dream of ubiquitous wireless connectivity: any data service is instantly accessible everywhere. With each generation of cellular networks, we have moved closer to this wireless dream; first by delivering wireless access to voice communications, then by providing wireless data services, and recently by delivering a Wi-Fi-like experience with wide-area coverage and user mobility management. The support for high data rates has been the main objective in recent years [1], as seen from the academic focus on sum-rate optimization and the efforts from standardization bodies to meet the peak rate requirements specified in IMT-Advanced. In contrast, a variety of metrics/objectives are put forward in the technological preparations for fifth-generation (5G) networks: higher peak rates, improved coverage with uniform user experience, higher reliability and lower latency, better energy efficiency (EE), lower-cost user devices and services, better scalability with number of devices, etc. These multiple objectives are coupled, often in a conflicting manner such that improvements in one objective lead to degradation in the other objectives. Hence, the design of future networks calls for new optimization tools that properly handle the existence of multiple objectives and tradeoffs between them.
Heterogeneous lithium niobate photonics on silicon substrates.

A platform for the realization of tightly-confined lithium niobate photonic devices and circuits on silicon substrates is reported based on wafer bonding and selective oxidation of refractory metals. The heterogeneous photonic platform is employed to demonstrate high-performance lithium niobate microring optical resonators and Mach-Zehnder optical modulators. A quality factor of ~7.2 × 10⁴ is measured in the microresonators, and a half-wave voltage-length product of 4 V.cm and an extinction ratio of 20 dB is measured in the modulators.
Risk stratification of patients after myocardial revascularization by stress Tc-99m tetrofosmin myocardial perfusion tomography.

BACKGROUND
The aim of this study was to assess the incremental prognostic value of stress technetium 99m tetrofosmin imaging after myocardial revascularization.


METHODS AND RESULTS
We studied 381 patients (aged 60 +/- 10 years, 270 men), 4.5 +/- 3.2 years after myocardial revascularization (coronary artery bypass grafting in 201 patients and percutaneous coronary intervention in 180 patients), who underwent exercise or dobutamine stress tetrofosmin single photon emission computed tomography. Events during a mean follow-up period of 3.5 +/- 1.4 years were cardiac death in 22 patients, nonfatal myocardial infarction in 11 patients (33 hard cardiac events), and late revascularization in 50 patients. There was no incidence of hard cardiac events in the 100 patients with normal perfusion. Hard cardiac events occurred in 19% of patients with reversible perfusion abnormalities and in 4% of patients without them (P <.01). The incidence of hard cardiac events was similar in patients with and without angina before stress testing (17/197 [8.6%] vs 16/184 [8.7%]). In a multivariate analysis model, predictors of cardiac death were stress rate pressure product and abnormal perfusion. Reversible perfusion abnormalities were independently associated with the composite endpoints of cardiac death, nonfatal myocardial infarction, and late revascularization. In an incremental multivariate analysis model, an abnormal scan was additive to clinical data in the prediction of hard cardiac events (model chi(2) = 17 vs 11, P <.01).


CONCLUSION
Stress Tc-99m tetrofosmin myocardial perfusion imaging provides independent prognostic information for the prediction of cardiac events after myocardial revascularization. Symptoms are not predictive of outcome, and therefore asymptomatic patients should not be deferred from stress testing. A normal study identifies a very low-risk population in whom no further intervention is required.
Interpersonal emotion regulation as a mechanism of social support in depression.

Although social support is widely considered to be protective against depression, the mechanisms through which it acts on depressive psychopathology are not well known. This integrative review argues that emotion regulation serves as such a mechanism. First, the literature on the effects of social support on depression is reviewed, with an emphasis on open empirical questions regarding mechanisms linking support and depression. Then, the literature on emotion regulation is reviewed, highlighting its importance as a mechanism in the psychopathology of depression. Finally, potential interpersonal influences on depressive emotion regulation and dysregulation are suggested, drawing from theory and research on psychotherapy and on close relationships. The review suggests that emotion regulation is responsive to interpersonal influences, and that this responsiveness may account for the effects of social support on depression. Implications of an interpersonal perspective for basic and clinical research on depression, close relationships, and emotion regulation are discussed.
Integrating Geometric Context for Text Alignment of Handwritten Chinese Documents

The alignment of text line images with text transcript is a crucial step of handwritten document annotation. Handwritten text alignment is prone to errors due to the difficulty of character segmentation and the variability of character shape, size and position. In this paper, we propose to incorporate the geometric context of character strings to improve the alignment accuracy for offline handwritten Chinese documents. We use four statistical models to evaluate the geometric features of single characters and between-character relationships. By combining the geometric models with a character recognizer, we have achieved a large improvement of alignment accuracy in our experiments on unconstrained handwritten Chinese text lines.
Sleep in adolescents: the perfect storm.

A reduction in sleep amount from late childhood through the second decade has long been known; however, the weight of current evidence holds that sleep need does not decline across this span. This article will describe how the loss of sleep through adolescence is not driven by lower need for sleep but arises from a convergence of biologic, psychological, and socio-cultural influences.
Narrative exposure therapy for PTSD increases top-down processing of aversive stimuli - evidence from a randomized controlled treatment trial

Little is known about the neurobiological foundations of psychotherapy for Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD). Prior studies have shown that PTSD is associated with altered processing of threatening and aversive stimuli. It remains unclear whether this functional abnormality can be changed by psychotherapy. This is the first randomized controlled treatment trial that examines whether narrative exposure therapy (NET) causes changes in affective stimulus processing in patients with chronic PTSD. 34 refugees with PTSD were randomly assigned to a NET group or to a waitlist control (WLC) group. At pre-test and at four-months follow-up, the diagnostics included the assessment of clinical variables and measurements of neuromagnetic oscillatory brain activity (steady-state visual evoked fields, ssVEF) resulting from exposure to aversive pictures compared to neutral pictures. PTSD as well as depressive symptom severity scores declined in the NET group, whereas symptoms persisted in the WLC group. Only in the NET group, parietal and occipital activity towards threatening pictures increased significantly after therapy. Our results indicate that NET causes an increase of activity associated with cortical top-down regulation of attention towards aversive pictures. The increase of attention allocation to potential threat cues might allow treated patients to re-appraise the actual danger of the current situation and, thereby, reducing PTSD symptoms. Number: NCT00563888 Name: "Change of Neural Network Indicators Through Narrative Treatment of PTSD in Torture Victims" ULR: http://www.clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT00563888