LLukas22/scidocs huggingface dataset:
High-frequency power of heart rate variability can predict the outcome of thoracic surgical patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome on admission to the intensive care unit: a prospective, single-centric, case-controlled study

BACKGROUND
The morbidity and mortality of acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) remains high, and the strategic focus of ARDS research has shifted toward identifying patients at high risk of mortality early in the course of illness. This study intended to identify the heart rate variability (HRV) measure that can predict the outcome of patients with ARDS on admission to the surgical intensive care unit (SICU).


METHODS
Patients who had lung or esophageal cancer surgery were included either in the ARDS group (n = 21) if they developed ARDS after surgery or in the control group (n = 11) if they did not. The ARDS patients were further stratified into survivors and non-survivors subgroups according to their outcomes. HRV measures of the patients were used for statistical analysis.


RESULTS
The mean RR interval (mRRI), high-frequency power (HFP) and product of low-/high-frequency power ratio tidal volume and tidal volume (LHR*VT) were significantly lower (p < 0.05), while the normalized HFP to VT ratio (nHFP/VT) was significantly higher in the ARDS patients (p = 0.011). The total power (TP), low-frequency power (LFP), HFP and HFP/VT were all significantly higher in the non-survived ARDS patients, whereas Richmond Agitation-Sedation Scale (RASS) was significantly lower in the non-survived ARDS patients. After adjustment for RASS, age and gender, firth logistic regression analysis identified the HFP, TP as the significant independent predictors of mortality for ARDS patients.


CONCLUSIONS
The vagal modulation of thoracic surgical patients with ARDS was enhanced as compared to that of non-ARDS patients, and the non-survived ARDS patients had higher vagal activity than those of survived ARDS patients. The vagal modulation-related parameters such as TP and HFP were independent predictors of mortality in patients with ARDS on admission to the SICU, and the HFP was found to be the best predictor of mortality for those ARDS patients. Increased vagal modulation might be an indicator for poor prognosis in critically ill patients following thoracic surgery.
Income inequality, life expectancy and cause-specific mortality in 43 European countries, 1987–2008: a fixed effects study

Whether income inequality is related to population health is still open to debate. We aimed to critically assess the relationship between income inequality and mortality in 43 European countries using comparable data between 1987 and 2008, controlling for time-invariant and time-variant country-level confounding factors. Annual data on income inequality, expressed as Gini index based on net household income, were extracted from the Standardizing the World Income Inequality Database. Data on life expectancy at birth and age-standardized mortality by cause of death were obtained from the Human Lifetable Database and the World Health Organization European Health for All Database. Data on infant mortality were obtained from the United Nations World Population Prospects Database. The relationships between income inequality and mortality indicators were studied using country fixed effects models, adjusted for time trends and country characteristics. Significant associations between income inequality and many mortality indicators were found in pooled cross-sectional regressions, indicating higher mortality in countries with larger income inequalities. Once the country fixed effects were added, all associations between income inequality and mortality indicators became insignificant, except for mortality from external causes and homicide among men, and cancers among women. The significant results for homicide and cancers disappeared after further adjustment for indicators of democracy, education, transition to national independence, armed conflicts, and economic freedom. Cross-sectional associations between income inequality and mortality seem to reflect the confounding effects of other country characteristics. In a European context, national levels of income inequality do not have an independent effect on mortality.
Structuring Cooperative Behavior Planning Implementations for Automated Driving

Cooperative behavior planning for automated vehicles is getting more and more attention in the research community. This paper introduces two dimensions to structure cooperative driving tasks. The authors suggest to distinguish driving tasks by the used communication channels and by the hierarchical level of cooperative skills and abilities. In this manner, this paper presents the cooperative behavior skills of "Jack", our automated vehicle driving from Stanford to Las Vegas in January 2015.
The use of Suprathel(®) in deep dermal burns: first results of a prospective study.

INTRODUCTION
While autologous skin grafting has been the standard for coverage of full-thickness areas, several options for deep-partial-thickness defects exist. With regard to economising donor sites, we compared a copolymer based on DL-lactid acid (Suprathel(®)) as temporary wound dressing with autologous skin, and analysed time to healing and scar quality in matched areas of deep-partial-thickness burn.


METHODS
We recruited 18 patients with a median age of 45 years (range: 25-83 years), for this prospective, non-blinded controlled non-inferiority study, suffering from deep-partial-thickness burns from November 2009 to July 2010. After early tangential excision, matched deep-partial-thickness areas were covered with 1:1.5 meshed autologous skin grafts and the copolymer for direct intra-individual comparison. Scars were evaluated by means of the Vancouver Scar Scale (VSS), the Patient and Observer Scar Assessment Scale (POSAS) and suction cutometry (MPA 580, Courage and Khazaka Electronic GmbH, Cologne, Germany) on days 30 and 90, postoperatively.


RESULTS
Fifteen days after surgery, complete wound closure was present in 44.4% (8/18) of all areas covered with copolymer and 88.9% (16/18) in the split-thickness skin graft (STSG) area (p=0.008). Evaluation of the total VSS, POSAS and cutometry satisfied the criterion of non-inferiority for Suprathel(®) on day 30. Ninety days after surgery, only the Observer Scar Scale showed that Suprathel is non-inferior to STSG, albeit the mean total VSS and Patient Scar Scale were better in Suprathel(®) areas.


CONCLUSION
Suprathel(®) represents a solid, reliable epidermal skin substitute with longer healing times in comparison to skin grafts but comparable results concerning early scar formation. Suprathel(®) can serve as a tool in treatment portfolio for adult patients suffering from deep dermal burns. Especially in patients with extensive burns, Suprathel(®) can be used to cover the deep dermal burn wounds to save STSGs and its donor sites for the coverage of full-thickness burned areas.
Sustainable supply chain management: framework and further research directions

This paper argues for the use of Total Interpretive Structural Modeling (TISM) in sustainable supply chain management (SSCM). The literature has identified antecedents and drivers for the adoption of SSCM. However, there is relatively little research on methodological approaches and techniques that take into account the dynamic nature of SSCM and bridge the existing quantitative/qualitative divide. To address this gap, this paper firstly systematically reviews the literature on SSCM drivers; secondly, it argues for the use of alternative methods research to address questions related to SSCM drivers; and thirdly, it proposes and illustrates the use of TISM and MICMAC analysis to test a framework that extrapolates SSCM drivers and their relationships. The framework depicts how drivers are distributed in various levels and how a particular driver influences the other through transitive links. The paper concludes with limitations and further research directions.
Интернализация образования. На путях к интеграционному взаимодействию

The Chosenned types international interactions between ethnic groups in condition globalization. The Presented findings founded on experience of the author in the field of studies and practical activity on integrations in мигрантов in Germany. Motivated need of the change the paradigm of the scientific studies, including change stereotype and development international competency participant to integrations.
Imaging genetics in ADHD

Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is a prevalent neuropsychiatric disorder, with 5% of school age children affected. Up to 80% of the phenotypic variance can be explained by genetic factors. The intermediate or endophenotype approach allows for mapping of the effect of individual risk genes on neurobiological parameters, such as brain structure, chemistry and, ultimately, function. There are two obvious advantages of applying such an approach to complex disorders: first, these measures are causally closer to genes and gene expression than behavior, meaning that gene effects should be magnified. Second, neuroimaging provides a means to uncover the neurobiological mechanisms by which gene variants impact the brain. To date, only fourteen studies have applied an imaging genetics approach to ADHD. Eight of these used MRI, four SPECT and two EEG. These imaging modalities have afforded us a window on the brain, permitting a glimpse of how genetic changes can affect brain structure, chemistry and function. The studies to date have often focused on two prime candidate genes in the dopamine system, the DRD4 and DAT1 genes. However, the effects of neither are yet fully understood. Imaging genetics in ADHD is in its infancy. While attempts to integrate the findings to date are hinting at how genes may impact various aspects of neural functioning, studies testing clear model-based hypotheses, using multimodal approaches may provide a means to link various windows on the brain.
The Cambridge controversies in capital theory : a study in the logic of theory development

Introduction 1. A Brief Exposition of Reswitching and Capital Reversing 2. The Background of the Debate: Some History 3. Clouds in the Neoclassical Sky 4. Taking Methodological Stock (I) 5. Triumph and Crisis of the Neoclassical Production Model 6. Taking Methodological Stock (II) 7. From Curiosum to Issue 8. Neoclassical Reactions 9. Taking Methodological Stock (III) 10. The Role of Mathematics 11. Taking Methodological Stock (IV) 12. A Final Stock-Taking
Anti-vascular endothelial growth factor bevacizumab (avastin) for radiation retinopathy.

OBJECTIVE
To evaluate intravitreal bevacizumab for radiation retinopathy.


METHODS
After plaque radiation therapy, 6 patients developed radiation retinopathy (retinal edema, hemorrhages, microangiopathy, and neovascularization). Intravitreal bevacizumab (1.25 mg in 0.05 mL) was periodically injected (every 6-8 weeks). Ophthalmic evaluations included visual acuity, ophthalmic examination, fundus photography, fluorescein angiography, and optical coherence tomography/scanning laser ophthalmoscopy (OCT/SLO) imaging.


RESULTS
No bevacizumab-related ocular or systemic adverse effects have occurred within the first 8 months of therapy. Progressive reductions in retinal hemorrhages, exudates, cotton-wool spots, and microangiopathy were documented by photography, angiography, and OCT/SLO imaging. Decreased macular edema was the most common finding. Improvement or stabilization of visual acuity was noted in all cases.


CONCLUSIONS
Intravitreal bevacizumab was tolerated, improved or maintained vision, and reduced hemorrhage and retinal edema (angiographic leakage). This study should lead to additional and longer-term studies of humanized monoclonal anti-vascular endothelial growth factor antibody therapy for radiation retinopathy.
Cranioplasty: indications and advances.

PURPOSE OF REVIEW
Cranioplasty has been long practiced, and the reconstructive techniques continue to evolve. With a variety of options available for filling cranial defects, a review of the current practices in cranioplasty allows for reporting the most advanced techniques and specific indications.


RECENT FINDINGS
Overwhelming support remains for the use of autologous bone grafts in filling the cranial defects. Alloplastic alternatives have relative advantages and disadvantages depending on the patient population and specific indications. Application of imaging technology has allowed for the utilization of custom-made alloplastic implants when autologous bone grafts are not feasible.


SUMMARY
Autologous bone grafts remain the best option for adult and pediatric patients with viable donor sites and small-to-medium defects. Large defects in the adult population can be reconstructed with titanium mesh and polymethylmethacrylate overlay with or without the use of computer-assisted design and manufacturing customization. In pediatric patients, exchange cranioplasty offers a viable technique for using an autologous bone graft, while simultaneously filling the donor site with particulate bone graft. Advances in alloplastic materials and custom manufacturing of implants will have an important influence on cranioplasty techniques in the years to come.
Artificial metaplasticity prediction model for cognitive rehabilitation outcome in acquired brain injury patients

OBJECTIVE
The main purpose of this research is the novel use of artificial metaplasticity on multilayer perceptron (AMMLP) as a data mining tool for prediction the outcome of patients with acquired brain injury (ABI) after cognitive rehabilitation. The final goal aims at increasing knowledge in the field of rehabilitation theory based on cognitive affectation.


METHODS AND MATERIALS
The data set used in this study contains records belonging to 123 ABI patients with moderate to severe cognitive affectation (according to Glasgow Coma Scale) that underwent rehabilitation at Institut Guttmann Neurorehabilitation Hospital (IG) using the tele-rehabilitation platform PREVIRNEC(©). The variables included in the analysis comprise the neuropsychological initial evaluation of the patient (cognitive affectation profile), the results of the rehabilitation tasks performed by the patient in PREVIRNEC(©) and the outcome of the patient after a 3-5 months treatment. To achieve the treatment outcome prediction, we apply and compare three different data mining techniques: the AMMLP model, a backpropagation neural network (BPNN) and a C4.5 decision tree.


RESULTS
The prediction performance of the models was measured by ten-fold cross validation and several architectures were tested. The results obtained by the AMMLP model are clearly superior, with an average predictive performance of 91.56%. BPNN and C4.5 models have a prediction average accuracy of 80.18% and 89.91% respectively. The best single AMMLP model provided a specificity of 92.38%, a sensitivity of 91.76% and a prediction accuracy of 92.07%.


CONCLUSIONS
The proposed prediction model presented in this study allows to increase the knowledge about the contributing factors of an ABI patient recovery and to estimate treatment efficacy in individual patients. The ability to predict treatment outcomes may provide new insights toward improving effectiveness and creating personalized therapeutic interventions based on clinical evidence.
The impact of adherence to inhaled drugs on 5‐year survival in COPD patients: a time dependent approach

PURPOSE
Whether inhaled medications improve long-term survival in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) is an open question. The purpose of this study is to assess the impact of adherence to inhaled drug use on 5-year survival in COPD.


METHODS
A population-based cohort study in three Italian regions was conducted using healthcare linked datasets (hospitalization, mortality, drugs). Individuals (45+ years) discharged after COPD exacerbation in 2006-2009 were enrolled. Inhaled drug daily use during 5-year follow-up was determined through Proportion of Days Covered on the basis of Defined Daily Doses. Five levels of time-dependent exposure were identified: (i) long-acting β2 agonists and inhaled corticosteroids (LB/ICS) regular use; (ii) LB/ICS occasional use; (iii) LB regular use; (iv) LB occasional use; and (v) respiratory drugs other than LB. Cox regression models adjusted for baseline (socio-demographic, comorbidities, drug use) and time-dependent characteristics (COPD exacerbations, cardiovascular hospitalizations, cardiovascular therapy) were performed.


RESULTS
A total of 12 124 individuals were studied, 46% women, mean age 73,8 years. Average follow-up time 2,4 year. A total of 3415 subjects died (mortality rate = 11.9 per 100 person years). In comparison to LB/ICS regular use, higher risks of death for all remaining treatments were found, the highest risk for respiratory drugs other than LB category (HR = 1.63, 95%CI 1.43-1.87). Patients with regular LB use had higher survival than those with LB/ICS occasional use (HR = 0.89, 95%CI 0.79-0.99).


CONCLUSIONS
These findings support clinical guidelines and recommendations for the regular use of inhaled drugs to improve health status and prognosis among moderate-severe COPD patients. © 2016 The Authors. Pharmacoepidemiology and Drug Safety Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.
Global health educational engagement - a tale of two models.

Global health learning experiences for medical students sit at the intersection of capacity building, ethics, and education. As interest in global health programs during medical school continues to rise, Northwestern University Alliance for International Development, a student-led and -run organization at Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, has provided students with the opportunity to engage in two contrasting models of global health educational engagement.Eleven students, accompanied by two Northwestern physicians, participated in a one-week trip to Matagalpa, Nicaragua, in December 2010. This model allowed learning within a familiar Western framework, facilitated high-volume care, and focused on hands-on experiences. This approach aimed to provide basic medical services to the local population.In July 2011, 10 other Feinberg students participated in a four-week program in Puerto Escondido, Mexico, which was coordinated by Child Family Health International, a nonprofit organization that partners with native health care providers. A longer duration, homestays, and daily language classes hallmarked this experience. An intermediary, third-party organization served to bridge the cultural and ethical gap between visiting medical students and the local population. This program focused on providing a holistic cultural experience for rotating students.Establishing comprehensive global health curricula requires finding a balance between providing medical students with a fulfilling educational experience and honoring the integrity of populations that are medically underserved. This article provides a rich comparison between two global health educational models and aims to inform future efforts to standardize global health education curricula.
The engineering design process as a problem solving and learning tool in K-12 classrooms - eScholarship

Paper ID #7971 The engineering design process as a problem solving and learning tool in K- 12 classrooms Jennifer Mangold, University of California, Berkeley Ph.D. candidate at UC-Berkeley, Mangold studies in the mechanical engineering department. Her work focuses on sustainability in design, manufacturing, and the end-of-life phases of the product life cycle. She has been working with K-12 students over ten years and has been bringing engineering into K-12 classrooms for five years. Stefanie Robinson, University of California, Berkeley Stefanie Robinson is a Ph.D. candidate in the Mechanical Engineering department at the University of California, Berkeley. Her research interests are sustainable design and manufacturing, and engineering education and K-12 outreach. c American Society for Engineering Education, 2013
Sequential patterns and temporal patterns for text mining

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xii
GANVO: Unsupervised Deep Monocular Visual Odometry and Depth Estimation with Generative Adversarial Networks

In the last decade, supervised deep learning approaches have been extensively employed in visual odometry (VO) applications, which is not feasible in environments where labelled data is not abundant. On the other hand, unsupervised deep learning approaches for localization and mapping in unknown environments from unlabelled data have received comparatively less attention in VO research. In this study, we propose a generative unsupervised learning framework that predicts 6-DoF pose camera motion and monocular depth map of the scene from unlabelled RGB image sequences, using deep convolutional Generative Adversarial Networks (GANs). We create a supervisory signal by warping view sequences and assigning the re-projection minimization to the objective loss function that is adopted in multi-view pose estimation and single-view depth generation network. Detailed quantitative and qualitative evaluations of the proposed framework on the KITTI [1] and Cityscapes [2] datasets show that the proposed method outperforms both existing traditional and unsupervised deep VO methods providing better results for both pose estimation and depth recovery.
PHASES Score for Prediction of Intracranial Aneurysm Growth.

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE
Growth of an intracranial aneurysm occurs in around 10% of patients at 2-year follow-up imaging and may be associated with aneurysm rupture. We investigated whether PHASES, a score providing absolute risks of aneurysm rupture based on 6 easily retrievable risk factors, also predicts aneurysm growth.


METHODS
In a multicenter cohort of patients with unruptured intracranial aneurysms and follow-up imaging with computed tomography angiography or magnetic resonance angiography, we performed univariable and multivariable Cox regression analyses for the predictors of the PHASES score at baseline, with aneurysm growth as outcome. We calculated hazard ratios and corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CI), with the PHASES score as continuous variable and after division into quartiles.


RESULTS
We included 557 patients with 734 unruptured aneurysms. Eighty-nine (12%) aneurysms in 87 patients showed growth during a median follow-up of 2.7 patient-years (range 0.5-10.8). Per point increase in PHASES score, hazard ratio for aneurysm growth was 1.32 (95% CI, 1.22-1.43). With the lowest quartile of the PHASES score (0-1) as reference, hazard ratios were for the second (PHASES 2-3) 1.07 (95% CI, 0.49-2.32), the third (PHASES 4) 2.29 (95% CI, 1.05-4.95), and the fourth quartile (PHASES 5-14) 2.85 (95% CI, 1.43-5.67).


CONCLUSIONS
Higher PHASES scores were associated with an increased risk of aneurysm growth. Because higher PHASES scores also predict aneurysm rupture, our findings suggest that aneurysm growth can be used as surrogate outcome measure of aneurysm rupture in follow-up studies on risk prediction or interventions aimed to reduce the risk of rupture.