LLukas22/scidocs huggingface dataset:
Learning Subsequential Transducers for Pattern Recognition Interpretation Tasks

The “interpretation” framework in Pattern Recognition (PR) arises in the many cases in which the more classical paradigm of “classification” is not properly applicable, generally because the number of classes is rather large, or simply because the concept of “class” does not hold. A very general way of representing the results of Interpretations of given objects or data is in terms of sentences of a “Semantic Language” in which the actions to be performed for each different object or datum are described. Interpretation can therefore be conveniently formalized through the concept of Formal Transduction, giving rise to the central PR problem of how to automatically learn a transducer from a training set of examples of the desired input-output behavior. This paper presents a formalization of the stated transducer learning problem, as well as an effective and efficient method for the inductive learning of an important class of transducers, namely, the class of Subsequential Tranducers. The capabilities of subsequential transductions are illustrated through a series of experiments which also show the high effectiveness of the proposed learning method to obtain very accurate and compact transducers for the corresponding tasks. * Work partially supported by the Spanish CICYT under grant TIC-0448/89 © IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence, 15(5):448-458, 1993.
Automated Test Case Generation for Web Applications from a Domain Specific Model

Model-based testing is a promising technique for test case design that is used in an increasing number of application domains. However, to fully gain efficiency advantages, intuitive domain-specific notations with comfortable tool support as well as a high degree of automation in the whole testing process are required. In this paper, a model-based testing approach for web application black box testing is presented. A notation for web application control flow models augmented with data flow information is introduced. The described research prototype demonstrates the fully automated generation of ready to use test case scripts for common test automation tools including test oracles from the model.
Predicting the types of file fragments

A problem that arises in computer forensics is to determine the type of a file fragment. An extension to the file name indicating the type is stored in the disk directory, but when a file is deleted, the entry for the file in the directory may be overwritten. This problem is easily solved when the fragment includes the initial header, which contains explicit type-identifying information, but it is more difficult to determine the type of a fragment from the middle of a file. We investigate two algorithms for predicting the type of a fragment: one based on Fisher’s linear discriminant and the other based on longest common subsequences of the fragment with various sets of test files. We test the ability of the algorithms to predict a variety of common file types. Algorithms of this kind may be useful in designing the next generation of file-carvers – programs that reconstruct files when directory information is lost or deleted. These methods may also be useful in designing virus scanners, firewalls and search engines to find files that are similar to a given file. a 2008 Digital Forensic Research Workshop. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Cross-cultural adaptation of the Malay version of the parent-proxy Health-Related Quality of Life Measure for Children with Epilepsy (CHEQOL-25) in Malaysia

PURPOSE
We aimed to cross-culturally adapt the parent-proxy Health-Related Quality of Life Measure for Children with Epilepsy (CHEQOL-25) into Malay and to determine its validity and reliability among parents of children with epilepsy in Malaysia.


METHODS
The English version of the parent-proxy CHEQOL-25 was translated according to international guidelines to Malay. Content validity was verified by an expert panel and piloted in five parents of children with epilepsy (CWE). The Malay parent-proxy CHEQOL-25 was then administered to 40 parents of CWE, aged 8-18years from two tertiary hospitals, at baseline and 2weeks later. Parents were also required to complete the Malay PedsQL™ 4.0 so that convergent validity could be assessed. Hypothesis testing was assessed by correlating the individual subscales in the parent-proxy CHEQOL-25 with epilepsy severity, the number of anticonvulsants, and the number of close friends.


RESULTS
Participants from the pilot study did not encounter any problems in answering the final translated Malay parent-proxy CHEQOL-25. Hence, no further modifications were made. Cronbach's α for each subscale of the Malay parent-proxy CHEQOL-25 ranged from 0.67 to 0.83. The intraclass correlation coefficient for all items at test-retest ranged from 0.70 to 0.94. Both the CHEQOL-25 and the PedsQL™ 4.0 showed good correlation in the social and emotional subscales (r=0.598, p=0.002 and r=0.342, p=0.031, respectively). The severity of epilepsy, higher number of antiepileptic drug(s), poorer cognitive ability of the child, lower number of close friends, and lesser amount of time spent with friends were significantly associated with poorer health-related quality of life.


CONCLUSIONS
The Malay parent-proxy CHEQOL-25 was found to be a valid and reliable instrument to assess parents' perceived HRQOL of their CWE in Malaysia.
Seasonality in the uropygial gland size and feather mite abundance in house sparrows Passer domesticus: natural covariation and an experiment

P. L. Pap (peterlpap@gmail.com), C. I. Vágási, and G. Osváth, Dept of Tax. and Ecol., Babeş-Bolyai Univ., RO 400006 Cluj Napoca, Clincilor Street 5 7, Romania. Present address for CIV: Behav. Ecol. Res. Group, Dept of Evol. Zool., Univ. of Debrecen, H-4032 Debrecen, Egeytem tér 1, Hungary. Z. Barta, Behav. Ecol. Res. Group, Dept of Evol. Zool., Univ. of Debrecen, H 4032 Debrecen, Egyetem tér 1, Hungary. C. Mureşan, Emergency Hospital, Faculty of Vet. Med., Univ. of Agr. Sci. and Vet. Med., RO 400372 Cluj Napoca, Mănăstur, Street 3 5, Romania.
Somatic Symptoms Evoked by Exam Stress in University Students: The Role of Alexithymia, Neuroticism, Anxiety and Depression

OBJECTIVE
The etiology of somatization is incompletely understood, but could be elucidated by models of psychosocial stress. Academic exam stress has effectively been applied as a naturalistic stress model, however its effect on somatization symptoms according to ICD-10 and DSM-IV criteria has not been reported so far. Baseline associations between somatization and personality traits, such as alexithymia, have been studied exhaustively. Nevertheless, it is largely unknown if personality traits have an explanatory value for stress induced somatization.


METHODS
This longitudinal, quasi-experimental study assessed the effects of university exams on somatization - and the reversal of effects after an exam-free period. Repeated-observations were obtained within 150 students, measuring symptom intensity before, during and after an exam period, according to the Screening for Somatoform Symptoms 7-day (SOMS-7d). Additionally, self-reports on health status were used to differentiate between medically explained and medically unexplained symptoms. Alexithymia, neuroticism, trait-anxiety and baseline depression were surveyed using the Toronto-Alexithymia Scale (TAS-20), the Big-Five Personality Interview (NEO-FFI), the State Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI) and Beck's Depression Inventory (BDI-II). These traits were competitively tested for their ability to explain somatization increases under exam stress.


RESULTS
Somatization significantly increased across a wide range of symptoms under exam stress, while health reports pointed towards a reduction in acute infections and injuries. Neuroticism, alexithymia, trait anxiety and depression explained variance in somatization at baseline, but only neuroticism was associated with symptom increases under exam stress.


CONCLUSION
Exam stress is an effective psychosocial stress model inducing somatization. A comprehensive quantitative description of bodily symptoms under exam stress is supplied. The results do not support the stress-alexithymia hypothesis, but favor neuroticism as a personality trait of importance for somatization.
Effects of lifestyle education program for type 2 diabetes patients in clinics: study design of a cluster randomized trial

BACKGROUND
The number of patients with type 2 diabetes is drastically increasing worldwide. It is a serious health problem in Japan as well. Lifestyle interventions can reduce progression from impaired glucose tolerance to type 2 diabetes, and glycemic control has been shown to improve postprandial plasma glucose levels. Moreover, several studies have suggested that continuous interventions (combined diet and exercise) can improve the plasma glucose level and reduce dosage of hypoglycemic agents.Although many interventional studies of lifestyle education for persons with diabetes in hospitals have been reported, only a few have been clinic-based studies employing an evidence-based lifestyle education program. This article describes the design of a cluster randomized controlled trial of the effectiveness of lifestyle education for patients with type 2 diabetes in clinics by registered dietitians.


METHODS/DESIGN
In Japan, general practitioners generally have their own medical clinics to provide medical care for outpatients in the community, including those with type 2 diabetes. With the collaboration of such general practitioners, the study patients were enrolled in the present study. Twenty general practitioners were randomly allocated to each provide patients for entry into either an intervention group (10) or a control group (10). In total, 200 participants will be included in the study. The intervention group will receive intensive education on lifestyle improvement related to type 2 diabetes by registered dietitians in clinics. Lifestyle education will be conducted several times during the study period. The control group will receive information on dietary intake and standard advice on glycemic control by registered dietitians. The primary endpoint is the change from the baseline value of HbA1c at 6 months. Data on health behavior and related issues will be gathered continuously over a 6-month period.


DISCUSSION
This is the first study to evaluate lifestyle education in clinics by a cluster randomization trial in Japan. The proposed study will provide practical information about the usefulness of the intensive lifestyle improvement education program in primary care settings. The study was started in September 2007 and entry of subjects was completed in December 2010. Data on the effect evaluation will be available in 2011.


TRIAL REGISTRATION
UMIN000004049.
Predictive Output Feedback Control for Networked Control Systems

This paper studies the problem of predictive output feedback control for networked control systems (NCSs) with random communication delays. A networked-predictive-control scheme is employed to compensate for the network-induced delay. Furthermore, the time-varying predictive controller with mixed random delays for networked systems is introduced. Then, the system is formulated as a Markovian jump system. New techniques are presented to deal with the distributed delay in the discrete-time domain. Based on the analysis of closed-loop NCSs, the designed predictive time-varying output feedback controller can guarantee system stability. Simulation example demonstrates the compensation for random communication delays and data loss in networked systems using the proposed predictive scheme.
Association of hypomagnesemia with inferior survival in a phase III, randomized study of cetuximab plus best supportive care versus best supportive care alone: NCIC CTG/AGITG CO.17.

BACKGROUND
Cetuximab-induced hypomagnesemia has been associated with improved clinical outcomes in advanced colorectal cancer (CRC). We explored this relationship from a randomized clinical trial of cetuximab plus best supportive care (BSC) versus BSC alone in patients with pretreated advanced CRC.


PATIENTS AND METHODS
Day 28 hypomagnesemia grade (0 versus ≥1) and percent reduction (<20% versus ≥20%) of Mg from baseline was correlated with outcome.


RESULTS
The median percentage Mg reduction at day 28 was 10% (-42.4% to 63.0%) for cetuximab (N = 260) versus 0% (-21.1% to 25%) for BSC (N = 251) [P < 0.0001]. Grade ≥1 hypomagnesemia and ≥20% reduction from baseline at day 28 were associated with worse overall survival (OS) [hazard ratio, HR 1.61 (95% CI 1.12-2.33), P = 0.01 and 2.08 (95% CI 1.32-3.29), P = 0.002, respectively] in multivariate analysis including grade of rash (0-1 versus 2+). Dyspnea (grade ≥3) was more common in patients with ≥20% versus < 20% Mg reduction (68% versus 45%; P = 0.02) and grade 3/4 anorexia were higher in patients with grade ≥1 hypomagnesemia (81% versus 63%; P = 0.02).


CONCLUSIONS
In contrast to prior reports, cetuximab-induced hypomagnesemia was associated with poor OS, even after adjustment for grade of rash.
A Novel Approach For Face Liveness Detection To Avoid Face Spoofing Attacks

IJSER © 2016 http://www.ijser.org A Novel Approach For Face Liveness Detection To Avoid Face Spoofing Attacks Meenakshi Research Scholar, Department of Computer Science & Applications, Kurukshetra University, Kurukshetra-136119 Email: minakshisaini26@gmail.com Dr. Chander Kant Assistant Professor, Department of Computer Science & Applications, Kurukshetra University, Kurukshetra-136119 Email: ckverma@rediffmail.com --------------------------------------------------------------------ABSTRACT---------------------------------------------------------Face recognition is one of the most commonly used biometric technology to recognize an individual from a digital image or a video frame from a video source. Face recognition is more user friendly and cost-effective solution than other biometric technologies. Face recognition system can be spoofed by placing photo/video/mask or dummy face of the enrolled user in front of the camera. In order to enhance the security of system and minimize the spoofing attacks, liveness detection is integrated within the system and is added just before the face recognition module. The aim of liveness detection is to verify that the data is from a live user and is not generated by the artificial sources. In the proposed approach, the facial features of human face such as eye blinking and lip movement are used for liveness detection. User is asked to perform some activities such as eye movement and lip movement according to some random challenge generated by the system and then sequence of images are captured by the camera. After that, the facial features are located and variations in these facial features are computed. If the variations are greater than threshold value and also, the given challenge is equal to the desired response, then the user is considered as a “Live User” otherwise it is considered as a “Fake User”.
Circadian rhythms of hemostatic factors in tetraplegia: a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled cross-over study of melatonin

Study design:This is a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled cross-over study of melatonin in complete tetraplegia.Objectives:Tetraplegic patients have an increased risk of venous thrombosis despite prophylaxis, blunted variations in melatonin and altered circadian variation of several hemostatic markers. To examine whether melatonin could modify the regulation of hemostasis, we measured plasma melatonin and several markers of hemostasis in tetraplegic subjects with or without melatonin supplement.Setting:The study was conducted in the Section for Spinal Cord Injury, Sunnaas Hospital, Nesoddtangen, Norway.Methods:Six subjects with long-standing complete tetraplegia were included in this cross-over study with 2 mg of melatonin or placebo given 4 days before sampling. We also included six able-bodied men without any intervention. Plasma samples were then collected frequently during a 24-h awake/sleep cycle. The plasma concentrations of melatonin and the various markers were analyzed using linear mixed models.Results:The 24-h profiles of prothrombin fragment 1+2 and von Willebrand factor, but not D-dimer, activated FVII, tissue factor pathway inhibitor and plasminogen activator inhibitor type 1, differed (P<0.05) between tetraplegic patients and able-bodied subjects. The absolute plasma concentration of activated FVII was higher (P<0.05) among the able-bodied compared with the tetraplegic groups. Supplementation of melatonin had no impact on these findings.Conclusions:We found differences in circadian variation of several hemostatic markers between able-bodied and tetraplegics. These differences were apparently unrelated to fluctuations in the melatonin concentrations, suggesting little or no role of melatonin in the regulation of hemostasis in tetraplegia.Sponsorship:Financial support was provided from the Throne Holst Foundation.
Platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio: A new inflammatory marker for the diagnosis of preterm premature rupture of membranes

OBJECTIVE
Preterm premature rupture of membranes (PPROM) is closely related with maternal and fetal complications. Therefore, early diagnosis is extremely important to provide maternal and fetal well-being. Many inflammatory markers have been evaluated for their ability to diagnose membrane rupture at early stages. We aimed to investigate the relationship between the platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR) and preterm premature membrane rupture.


MATERIAL AND METHODS
In this study, 121 pregnant women with PPROM and 96 age-matched pregnant women with spontaneous preterm labor who were admitted to our hospital between January 2014 and December 2015 were enrolled. Demographic data, complete blood cell count results, and neonatal outcomes were recorded.


RESULTS
The neutrophil and platelet counts were higher in the PPROM group (9948.4±3393.2 vs. 7466.1±1698.5/mm3 and 244.5±60 vs. 210.6±64.8/mm3, respectively, p<0.001). The PLR and neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratios (NLR) were both significantly higher in the PPROM group (p<0.001). Correlation analysis revealed that the PLR was positively correlated with the NLR (r=0.10, p=0.031). The ability of the PLR to diagnose preterm premature rupture of membranes was evaluated using an ROC curve. The sensitivity and specificity of the PLR was 57.8% and 73.7%, respectively, at a threshold >117.14 (p<0.001).


CONCLUSION
The PLR might be a cost effective, easy to use, and practical marker for the early diagnosis of PPROM, which can help to determine the appropriate waiting time for delivery and provide maternal and fetal well-being.
Secure spread: an integrated architecture for secure group communication

Group communication systems are high-availability distributed systems providing reliable and ordered message delivery, as well as a membership service, to group-oriented applications. Many such systems are built using a distributed client-server architecture where a relatively small set of servers provide service to numerous clients. In this work, we show how group communication systems can be enhanced with security services without sacrificing robustness and performance. More specifically, we propose several integrated security architectures for distributed client-server group communication systems. In an integrated architecture, security services are implemented in servers, in contrast to a layered architecture, where the same services are implemented in clients. We discuss performance and accompanying trust issues of each proposed architecture and present experimental results that demonstrate the superior scalability of an integrated architecture.
A secure IoT management architecture based on Information-Centric Networking

This paper explores the use of Information-Centric Networking (ICN) to support management operations in IoT deployments, presenting the design of a flexible architecture that allows the appropriate operation of IoT devices within a delimited ICN network domain. Our architecture has been designed with special consideration to naming, interoperation, security and energy-efficiency requirements. We theoretically assess the communication overhead introduced by the security procedures of our solution, both at IoT devices and clients. Additionally, we show the potential of our architecture to accommodate enhanced management applications, focusing on a specific use case, i.e. an information freshness service level agreement application. Finally, we present a proof-of-concept implementation of our architecture over an Arduino board, and we use it to carry out a set of experiments that validate the feasibility of our solution. & 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Thyroid axis function after in-patient treatment of acute psychosis with antipsychotics: a naturalistic study

BACKGROUND
Endocrine function in psychiatric patients may be affected by mental disorder itself as well as by antipsychotic medications.The aim of this naturalistic observational study was to determine if treatment of acute psychotic episode with antipsychotic medication affects thyroid axis hormone concentrations and if such changes are associated with symptomatic improvement.


METHODS
Eighty six adult acute psychotic patients, consecutively admitted to a mental hospital, were recruited for the study. All patients were physically healthy and without thyroid disease. During the hospitalization period all study patients received treatment with antipsychotic medication according to clinical need. Severity of the psychotic episode was evaluated using the Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale (BPRS) and venous blood samples were drawn for analysis of free triiodothyronine (FT3), free thyroxine (FT4), and thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) concentrations on the day of admission and on the day of discharge from the hospital.


RESULTS
Antipsychotic drug treatment was associated with decrease of mean FT3 (p < 0.001) and FT4 (p = 0.002) concentrations; and with increase of mean TSH (p = 0.016) concentrations. Changes in thyroid hormone concentrations were mostly predicted by baseline hormone concentrations. Individual changes were not limited to decrease in high hormone concentrations; in patients who had low FT3 or FT4 concentrations, treatment resulted in increase in concentrations. Such an increase was established in one-quarter of patients for FT3 concentrations and in one-third of patients for FT4 concentrations. Fall in FT4 concentrations negatively correlated with the improvement in the BPRS score (r = -0.235, p = 0.023).


CONCLUSIONS
The study indicates that antipsychotic treatment resulted in a decrease in mean FT3 concentrations and in an increase in mean TSH concentrations after recovery from acute psychosis. Symptomatic improvement was less evident in patients who experienced a decrease in FT4 concentrations.


TRIAL REGISTRATION
EudraCT No.2007-001541-18.
Did Financial Sector Reform Result In Increased Savings And Lending For The SMEs And The Poor ?

This paper assesses the impact of financial reforms in Zimbabwe on savings and credit availability to small and medium scale enterprises (SMEs) and the poor. We established that the reforms improved domestic savings mobilization due to high deposit rates, the emergence of new financial institutions and products and the general increase in real incomes after the 1990 economic reforms. The study uncovered that inflation and real income were the major determinants of savings during the sample period. High lending rates and the use of conventional lending methodologies by banks restricted access to credit by the SMEs and the poor. JEL Classification Numbers: E21, O16.