LLukas22/scidocs huggingface dataset:
Prosodic Entrainment and Tutoring Dialogue Success

This study investigates the relationships between student entrainment to a tutoring dialogue system and learning. By finding the features of prosodic entrainment which correlate with learning, we hope to inform educational dialogue systems aiming to leverage entrainment. We propose a novel method to measure prosodic entrainment and find specific features which correlate with user learning. We also find differences in user entrainment with respect to tutor voice and user gender. Motivation and Goals I Entrainment occurs when speakers unconsciously mimic one another’s voices, diction, and other behaviors [2] I In tutoring dialogues, entrainment has been found to correlate with learning gain [7] and reflect users’ emotional states [4] I Spoken dialogue systems might be able to encourage learning by entraining or encouraging entrainment I To what features of a student’s voice should a system accommodate if using this strategy? I We examine 29 students’ dialogue with the ITSPOKE [1] tutoring dialogue system; the tutor voice was either a pre-recorded or synthesized voice for each student I We considered the mean, min, max, and standard deviation of the speech signal amplitude (RMS) and pitch (F0) of every utterance I We find features of students’ voices correlated with learning and demonstrate a new metric for measuring entrainment
Trust in leadership : A multi-level review and integration

Leaders have been argued to play a key role in determining organizational effectiveness across all levels (e.g., individual, team, unit) that exist within organizations. A key component in a leader's ability to be effective within such environments is the degree to which subordinates and co-workers trust him/her. Therefore, it is not surprising that researchers and practitioners alike are interested in identifying the mechanisms through which trust in leadership can be developed as well as those factors which moderate this relationship [e.g., Gillespie, N. A., Mann, L. (2004). Transformational leadership and shared values: The building blocks of trust. Journal of Managerial Psychology, 19, 588–607; Kouzes and Posner, 1995; Roberts, K. H., O'Reilly, C. A. (1974). Failures in upward communication in organizations: Three possible culprits. Academy of Management Journal, 17, 205– 215; Whitener, E. M. (1997). The impact of human resource activities on employee trust. Human Resource Management Review, 7, 389–404]. Despite this, research that has addressed the factors that foster trust in leaders and the outcomes of this trust has been disjointed and, as yet, no comprehensive model has been presented to systematically examine these factors. Therefore, the purpose of this article will be to present an integrative model of trust in leadership. © 2007 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
The vehicle routing problem: A taxonomic review

Article history: Received 11 November 2008 Received in revised form 11 May 2009 Accepted 12 May 2009 Available online 25 May 2009
Bayesian network based extreme learning machine for subjectivity detection

Subjectivity detection is a task of natural language processing that aims to remove ‘factual’ or ‘neutral’ content, i.e., objective text that does not contain any opinion, from online product reviews. Such a pre-processing step is crucial to increase the accuracy of sentiment analysis systems, as these are usually optimized for the binary classification task of distinguishing between positive and negative content. In this paper, we extend the extreme learning machine (ELM) paradigm to a novel framework that exploits the features of both Bayesian networks and fuzzy recurrent neural networks to perform subjectivity detection. In particular, Bayesian networks are used to build a network of connections among the hidden neurons of the conventional ELM configuration in order to capture dependencies in high-dimensional data. Next, a fuzzy recurrent neural network inherits the overall structure generated by the Bayesian networks to model temporal features in the predictor. Experimental results confirmed the ability of the proposed framework to deal with standard subjectivity detection problems and also proved its capacity to address portability across languages in translation tasks. Preprint submitted to Journal of The Franklin Institute January 2, 2018
Intracutaneous versus intramuscular hepatitis B vaccination in primary non-responding haemodialysis patients.

OBJECTIVE
To determine whether hepatitis B vaccination given intracutaneously (i.c.) is more effective than intramuscularly (i.m.) in primary non-responding haemodialysis patients.


DESIGN
A prospective, randomized study of antibody responses to hepatitis B vaccine given i.c. or i.m., in 25 haemodialysis patients. Outcome measures were rates of seroconversion, mean and geometric mean levels of antibody achieved, and antibody levels 1 year after vaccination.


RESULTS
With a dosing schedule of 10 micrograms vaccine once a week i.c. in the skin overlying the deltoideus muscle of the non-dominant arm during 12 consecutive weeks, antibody levels to hepatitis B surface antigen (anti-HBsAg) of 10 IU/1 or more were achieved in nine of 10 evaluable patients, with a geometric mean of 70 IU/1. Nine months after the end of the vaccination anti-HBsAg levels had dropped to 9 +/- 4 IU/1 (M +/- SE), with a geometric mean of 5 IU/1, in the nine remaining evaluable patients. With a dosing schedule of 40 micrograms vaccine i.m. in the deltoideus muscle of the non-dominant arm at 0, 1, and 3 months, anti-HBsAg levels of at least 10 IU/1 were achieved in eight of 14 evaluable patients, with a geometric mean of 94 IU/1. Nine months after the end of the vaccination anti-HBsAG levels had dropped to 16 +/- 7 IU/1, with a geometric mean of 9 IU/1, in the nine remaining evaluable patients. Anti-HBsAg levels at 8 and 12 weeks were higher in the i.c. than in the group receiving vaccine i.m. (at 8 weeks 134 +/- 76 vs 39 +/- 20 IU/1, P < 0.05, and at 12 weeks 188 +/- 98 vs 47 +/- 18 IU/1 P < 0.01). The half-time of anti-HBsAg is about 13 weeks, both when the averaged absolute and when the geometric mean levels are used for the estimate.


CONCLUSION
intracutaneous route is a less practical but effective method of vaccination against hepatitis B in primary non-responding haemodialysis patients. The weekly 10 micrograms vaccine i.c. scheme resulted in the fastest development of protective antibody levels, within 8 weeks, which may be useful in previously non-immune persons who may be infected with hepatitis B virus (e.g. needle-stick accidents).
Removing Radio Interference from Contaminated Astronomical Spectra Using an Independent Reference Signal and Closure Relations

The growing level of radio frequency interference (RFI) is a recognized problem for research in radio astronomy. This paper describes an intuitive but powerful RFI cancellation technique that is suitable for radio spectroscopy where time-averages are recorded. An RFI " reference signal, " is constructed from the cross power spectrum of the signals from the two polarizations of a reference horn pointed at the source of the RFI signal. The RFI signal paths obey simple phase and amplitude closure relations, which allows computation of the RFI contamination in the astronomical data and the corrections to be applied to the astronomical spectra. Since the method is immune to the effects of multipath scattering in both the astronomy and reference signal channels, " clean copies " of the RFI signal are not required. The method could be generalized (1) to interferometer arrays, (2) to correct for scattered solar radiation that causes spectral " standing waves " in single-dish spectroscopy, and (3) to pulsar survey and timing applications where a digital correlator plays an important role in broadband pulse dedispersion. Future large radio telescopes, such as the proposed LOFAR and SKA arrays, will require a high degree of RFI suppression and could implement the technique proposed here with the benefit of faster electronics, greater digital precision and higher data rates.
A Human-Computer Dialogue System for Educational Debate: A Computational Dialectics Approach

This paper reports research concerning issues involved in adopting a computational dialectics approach to develop a human-computer dialogue system for educational debate. In particular, we propose a dialogue model and a set of computationally usable strategic heuristics to enable the computer to engage its users in debate on a controversial issue. The system operationalising the proposed dialogue model and strategy has been fully implemented. It has also been subject to initial evaluation exercises. The results of the evaluation are essentially favourable. It is anticipated that the work reported in this paper will contribute toward the development of human-computer dialogue in general and of computer-based educational debate in particular, and help to illuminate research issues in the field of dialectics itself.
Perception of premenstrual syndrome and attitude of evaluations of work performance among incoming university female students.

BACKGROUND
Premenstrual syndrome (PMS) is a common condition, and for 5% of women, the influence is so severe as to interfere with their mental health, interpersonal relationships, or studies. Severe PMS may result in decreased occupational productivity. The aim of this study was to investigate the influence of perception of PMS on evaluation of work performance.


METHODS
A total of 1971 incoming female university students were recruited in September 2009. A simulated clinical scenario was used, with a test battery including measurement of psychological symptoms and the Chinese Premenstrual Symptom Questionnaire.


RESULTS
When evaluating employee performance in the simulated scenario, 1565 (79.4%) students neglected the impact of PMS, while 136 (6.9%) students considered it. Multivariate logistic regression showed that perception of daily function impairment due to PMS and frequency of measuring body weight were significantly associated with consideration of the influence of PMS on evaluation of work performance.


CONCLUSION
It is important to increase the awareness of functional impairments related to severe PMS.
Factoring Integers Using SIMD Sieves

We describe our single-instruction multiple data (SIMD) implementation of the multiple polynomial quadratic sieve integer factoring algorithm. On a 16K MasPar massively parallel computer, our implementation can factor 100 digit integers in a few days. Its most notable success was the factorization of the 110-digit RSA-challenge number, which took about a month.
Qualitative and quantitative analysis of lignocellulosic biomass using infrared techniques : A mini-review

Current wet chemical methods for biomass composition analysis using two-step sulfuric acid hydrolysis are time-consuming, labor-intensive, and unable to provide structural information about biomass. Infrared techniques provide fast, low-cost analysis, are non-destructive, and have shown promising results. Chemometric analysis has allowed researchers to perform qualitative and quantitative study of biomass with both near-infrared and mid-infrared spectroscopy. This review summarizes the progress and applications of infrared techniques in biomass study, and compares the infrared and the wet chemical methods for composition analysis. In addition to reviewing recent studies of biomass structure and composition, we also discuss the progress and prospects for the applications of infrared techniques. 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Initial Experience of a Second-Generation Self-Expanding Transcatheter Aortic Valve: The UK & Ireland Evolut R Implanters' Registry.

OBJECTIVES
The authors present the UK and Irish real-world learning curve experience of the Evolut R transcatheter heart valve.


BACKGROUND
The Evolut R is a self-expanding, repositionable, and fully recapturable second-generation transcatheter heart valve with several novel design features to improve outcomes and reduce complications.


METHODS
Clinical, procedural, and 30-day outcome data were prospectively collected for the first 264 patients to receive the Evolut R valve in the United Kingdom and Ireland.


RESULTS
A total of 264 consecutive Evolut R implantations were performed across 9 centers. The mean age was 81.1 ± 7.8 years, and the mean logistic European System for Cardiac Operative Risk Evaluation score was 19.9 ± 13.7%. Procedural indications included aortic stenosis (72.0%), mixed aortic valve disease (17.4%), and failing aortic valve bioprostheses (10.6%). Conscious sedation was used in 39.8% of patients and transfemoral access in 93.6%. The procedural success rate was 91.3%, and paravalvular leak immediately after implantation was mild or less in 92.3%. Major complications were rare: cardiac tamponade in 0.4%, conversion to sternotomy in 0.8%, annular rupture in 0.0%, coronary occlusion in 0.8%, major vascular in 5.3%, acute kidney injury in 6.1%, new permanent pacemaker implantation in 14.7%, and procedure-related death in 0.0%. At 30-day follow-up, survival was 97.7%, paravalvular leak was mild or less in 92.3%, and the stroke rate was 3.8%.


CONCLUSIONS
This registry represents the largest published real-world experience of the Evolut R valve. The procedural success rate was high and safety was excellent, comparable with previous studies of the Evolut R valve and other second-generation devices. The low rate of complications represents an improvement on first-generation devices.
Improvement and Research of FP-Growth Algorithm Based on Distributed Spark

FP-growth algorithm as the representatives of non-pruning algorithms is widely used in mining transaction datasets. But it is sensitive to the calculation and the scale of datasets. When building FP-tree, the search operation as the major time-consuming operation has a higher complexity. And when the horizontal or vertical dimension of data set is larger, the mining efficiency will be reduced or even failed. To solve the above problems, reducing the complexity of search time and applying distributed computing are the widely used strategies. This paper presents a distributed SPFP algorithm based on Spark framework and improved FP-growth algorithm. The results of tests show that, compared to the PFP algorithm based on MapReduce, the OPFP algorithm based on Spark and original FP-growth algorithm, SPFP has high efficiency, cluster and flexibility.
An Improved Image Steganography algorithm based on PVD

Received Nov 12, 2017 Revised Jan 20, 2018 Accepted Feb 11, 2018 In this paper, a modification of PVD (Pixel Value Differencing) algorithm is used for Image Steganography in spatial domain. It is normalizing secret data value by encoding method to make the new pixel edge difference less among three neighbors (horizontal, vertical and diagonal) and embedding data only to less intensity pixel difference areas or regions. The proposed algorithm shows a good improvement for both color and gray-scale images compared to other algorithms. Color images performances are better than gray images. However, in this work the focus is mainly on gray images. The strenght of this scheme is that any random hidden/secret data do not make any shuttle differences to Steg-image compared to original image. The bit plane slicing is used to analyze the maximum payload that has been embeded into the cover image securely. The simulation results show that the proposed algorithm is performing better and showing great consistent results for PSNR, MSE values of any images, also against Steganalysis attack.
The brain in your pocket: Evidence that Smartphones are used to supplant thinking

http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2015.02.029 0747-5632/ 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. q Funding for this study was provided by the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada. ⇑ Corresponding author at: Department of Psychology, University of Waterloo, 200 University Avenue West, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada. E-mail address: gpennyco@uwaterloo.ca (G. Pennycook). 1 These authors contributed equally to this work. Nathaniel Barr , Gordon Pennycook ⇑,1, Jennifer A. Stolz, Jonathan A. Fugelsang
Phase II study of 3-hour infusion of high dose paclitaxel in refractory and relapsed aggressive non-Hodgkin ' s lymphomas

Haematologica vol. 85(5):May 2000 Haematologica 2000; 85:502-507 original paper Malignant Lymphomas Background and Objectives. The first clinical studies of paclitaxel as a single agent for the treatment of relapsed or refractory low or intermediate grade non-Hodgkin's lymphomas (NHL) yielded controversial results regarding the response rates observed, mainly related to the dose and schedule of administration used. To obtain additional data concerning the efficacy and toxicity of paclitaxel in intermediate and high grade NHL we initiated a phase II study using a 3-hour infusion of high doses of paclitaxel. Design and Methods. The eligibility criteria included patients with relapsed or refractory aggressive NHL, a performance status ≤ 2 (WHO index), a platelet count ≥ 100,000/μL, a neutrophil count ≥2,000/μL, measurable disease, and adequate hepatic function. Patients were excluded if they were infected with HIV, had a left ventricular ejection fraction < 50%, or prior peripheral neuropathy. Paclitaxel was administered as a 3-hour infusion at a dose of 250 mg/m2 every 3 weeks for a maximum of 6 courses. Results. Of 45 eligible patients, 42 received a total 73 courses of paclitaxel. Forty patients were assessable for response (89%), and 42 for toxicity (93%). Six patients (15%) achieved a partial (n = 4) or a complete remission (n = 2). Responses were observed in intermediate grade (n = 4) as well as in high grade lymphoma (n = 2). The main factor influencing the response to paclitaxel was the median duration of response to previous chemotherapy regimens which was 3 times longer in patients who responded to paclitaxel (16.3 months) than in patients who did not respond to paclitaxel (5.2 months) (p < 0.05). The most common serious side effects were related to the hematologic toxicity of paclitaxel, and included grade IV granulocytopenia in 20 cases (48%), grade III/IV thrombocytopenia in 14 cases (33%) and grade III-IV anemia in 13 cases
Passive Investors, Not Passive Owners

Passive institutional investors are an increasingly important component of U.S. stock ownership. To examine whether and by which mechanisms passive investors influence firms' governance, we exploit variation in ownership by passive mutual funds associated with stock assignments to the Russell 1000 and 2000 indexes. Our findings suggest that passive mutual funds influence firms' governance choices, resulting in more independent directors, removal of takeover defenses, and more equal voting rights. Passive investors appear to exert influence through their large voting blocs, and consistent with the observed governance differences increasing firm value, passive ownership is associated with improvements in firms’ longer-term performance.
The Economic Cost of Harboring Terrorism

The literature on conflict and terrorism has paid little attention to the economic costs of terrorism for the perpetrators. This article aims to fill that gap by examining the economic costs of harboring suicide terror attacks. Using data covering the universe of Palestinian suicide terrorists during the second Palestinian uprising, combined with data from the Palestinian Labor Force Survey, the authors identify and quantify the impact of a successful attack on unemployment and wages. They find robust evidence that terror attacks have important economic costs. The results suggest that a successful attack causes an increase of 5.3 percent in unemployment, increases the likelihood that the district’s average wages fall in the quarter following an attack by more than 20.0 percent, and reduces the number of Palestinians working in Israel by 6.7 percent relative to its mean. Importantly, these effects are persistent and last for at least six months after the attack.
Body mass index, cardiorespiratory fitness and cardiometabolic risk factors in youth from Portugal and Mozambique

Objectives:The objectives of this study are to examine differences in cardiometabolic risk indicators, as well as their prevalences, in Portuguese and Mozambican youth, and to investigate the associations between weight status and cardiorespiratory fitness levels with cardiometabolic risk.Methods:The sample comprises 721 adolescents (323 Mozambican and 398 Portuguese), aged 10–15 years. Anthropometry (height, sitting height, weight and waist circumference), blood pressure, serum-fasting triglycerides, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol and glucose, and cardiorespiratory fitness were measured. Maturity offset was estimated and a cardiometabolic risk score adjusted for sex, age and biological maturity was computed. Adolescents were classified as normal weight and overweight/obese as well as fit or unfit (cardiorespiratory fitness).Results:Portuguese youth have better cardiometabolic and cardiorespiratory fitness profiles. About 32% and 30% of Portuguese boys and girls, respectively, are overweight/obese; in Mozambicans, these prevalences are 7.5% for boys and 21% for girls; in addition, 81.6% of Portuguese boys and 77.7% of Portuguese girls were classified as cardiorespiratory fit, against 54% and 44.4% of Mozambican boys and girls, respectively. No statistically significant differences (P>0.05) were found between Mozambicans and Portuguese for the cluster of three or more cardiometabolic risk indicators. A positive relationship (P<0.001) was found between weight status and cardiometabolic risk in adolescents from both countries; however, a negative association (P<0.001) between cardiorespiratory fitness and cardiometabolic risk was only found among Portuguese youth.Conclusions:Portuguese and Mozambican youth differ in their cardiometabolic risk profiles, body weight and cardiorespiratory fitness, favoring Portuguese. Overweight/obesity and low cardiorespiratory fitness levels are related to a worse cardiometabolic risk profile, being relevant to design public health intervention strategies to reduce excess weight and increase cardiorespiratory fitness.
Multiple eyes in the skies: architecture and perception issues in the COMETS unmanned air vehicles project

This paper describes the COMETS (Real-Time Coordination and Control of Multiple Heterogeneous Unmanned Aerial Vehicles) Project, which is aimed at designing and implementing a system for cooperative activities using heterogeneous UAVs. Heterogeneity is considered both in terms of aerial vehicles and onboard processing capabilities ranging from fully autonomous systems to conventional remotely piloted vehicles. COMETS also involves cooperative environmental perception including fire detection and monitoring as well as terrain mapping.
Advances and perspectives on the use of CRISPR/Cas9 systems in plant genomics research.

Genome editing with site-specific nucleases has become a powerful tool for functional characterization of plant genes and genetic improvement of agricultural crops. Among the various site-specific nuclease-based technologies available for genome editing, the clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeat (CRISPR)/CRISPR-associated protein 9 (Cas9) systems have shown the greatest potential for rapid and efficient editing of genomes in plant species. This article reviews the current status of application of CRISPR/Cas9 to plant genomics research, with a focus on loss-of-function and gain-of-function analysis of individual genes in the context of perennial plants and the potential application of CRISPR/Cas9 to perturbation of gene expression, and identification and analysis of gene modules as part of an accelerated domestication and synthetic biology effort.