LLukas22/scidocs huggingface dataset:
Ontology and Hyper Graph Based Dashboards in Data Warehousing Systems

Analytical and computational requirements are increasing in data warehousing systems. So it is very crucial to identify semantically equivalent data, linking them and discovering structural dependencies. This can be performed using dashboards. Dynamic dashboard will perform the customization of information for specific need of user. And we are using an improved method for dashboard development using hyper graph approach and ontology exploration. Existing dashboard design satisfies given user query and provides flexibility in changing user interactions. In this paper a quick specification of dashboard interfaces is obtained for detailed DB (data base) query language where semantics of user interaction is in a declarative manner. Keyword- QBSE, QBVE, Ontology, Dashboard, Hyper graph, DBE I. INTRODUCTION The variety, complexity and diversity of analytical requirements lead to increased interest of on-demand DWH systems(data warehousing systems)(1),where qualitative difference in data monitoring, exploration and other tasks is obtained by interactive and analytical data processing. This maximized the popularity of dashboard applications which analyze and monitor flexible, rapid information for specific need of users (2).Performance and flexibility in the dash board development process is maintained by the QBE method based on knowledge. Ontological knowledge is utilized by DBE framework to formalize the context and content of heterogeneous sources of data. DBE query language defines queries on data source's base attributes, base data semantics which is ontology encoded and on the analyzed data and the Ontology data connections . Ontology explorations associated with hyper graph transversals problem (3). Here hyper graph clustering and hyper graph partitioning techniques are used (4) which provide rich information sources for data linkage and semantic browsing tasks. Dashboard is an easily readable, real-time user interface, can be viewed as a single page. It includes current status and organization's historical trends which are presented graphically thus instantaneous and important decisions can be made at a glance. In computer and information science, ontology is representing knowledge as concept sets within a domain and different relationships among concept pairs. We are describing our method using a real-world based scenario and explaining the benefits regarding the solution's design flexibility.
Polypharmacy and potentially inappropriate medication use in older adults with cancer undergoing chemotherapy: effect on chemotherapy-related toxicity and hospitalization during treatment.

OBJECTIVES
To evaluate the prevalence of polypharmacy and potentially inappropriate medication (PIM) use and the association between these and chemotherapy-related adverse events in older adults with cancer undergoing chemotherapy.


DESIGN
Secondary analysis of prospectively collected data.


SETTING
Outpatient oncology clinics in seven academic medical centers.


PARTICIPANTS
Adults aged 65 and older with cancer undergoing chemotherapy.


MEASUREMENTS
Measures included number of daily medications (polypharmacy); PIM use based on three indices (Beers, Zhan, and Drugs to Avoid in the Elderly criteria), and use of six "high risk" medication classes for adverse drug events (anticoagulants, antiplatelet agents, opioids, insulin, oral hypoglycemics, antiarrhythmics). Using multivariate logistic regression, the relations were evaluated between these criteria and Grade 3 to 5 chemotherapy-related toxicity and between these criteria and hospitalization during chemotherapy.


RESULTS
Participants (N=500; mean age 73, 61% Stage IV disease) took a mean of 5±4 daily medications (range 0-23). PIM use was common (up to 29% according to Beers criteria). No association was found between number of daily medications (reference 0-3 medications) and toxicity (4-9 medications, odds ratio (OR)=1.34, 95% confidence interval (CI)=0.92-1.97; ≥10 medications, OR=0.82, 95% CI=0.45-1.49) or hospitalization (≥4 medications, OR=1.34, 95% CI=0.82-2.18, P=.24). There was also no association between PIM use and toxicity (P=.93) or hospitalization (P=.98). No medication class was associated with either outcome.


CONCLUSIONS
Polypharmacy and PIM use were common but were not associated with chemotherapy-related toxicity or hospitalization in older adults with cancer.
JADE: A software framework for developing multi-agent applications. Lessons learned

Since a number of years agent technology is considered one of the most innovative technologies for the development of distributed software systems. While not yet a mainstream approach in software engineering at large, a lot of work on agent technology has been done, many research results and applications have been presented, and some software products exists which have moved from the research community to the industrial community. One of these is JADE, a software framework that facilitates development of interoperable intelligent multi-agent systems and that is distributed under an Open Source License. JADE is a very mature product, used by a heterogeneous community of users both in research activities and in industrial applications. This paper presents JADE and its technological components together with a discussion of the possible reasons for its success and lessons learned from the somewhat detached perspective possible nine years after its inception. 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
Functional MR imaging in patients with carotid artery stenosis before and after revascularization.

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE
Significant extracranial stenosis of the ICA is a known risk factor for future stroke and it has been shown that revascularization reduces the risk of future stroke. We applied BOLD fMRI in patients with carotid artery stenosis before and after CEA. Our purpose was to determine whether fMRI is able to demonstrate impaired CVR and to identify patient parameters that are associated with postoperative changes of cerebral hemodynamics.


MATERIALS AND METHODS
Nineteen consecutive patients with symptomatic (n = 13) and asymptomatic (n = 6) stenosis of the ICA were prospectively recruited (male/female ratio = 16:3; age, 69 ± 8,1 years). fMRI using a simple bilateral motor task was performed immediately before and after CEA.


RESULTS
Mean BOLD MSC was significantly increased postoperatively (MSC, 0.13 ± 0.66; P = 0.0002). Patients with a stenosis of <80% demonstrated an increase in MSC (MSC, 0.32 ± 0.59; P ≤ .0001). Patients with previous ischemic stroke showed a larger MSC than patients with TIAs (stroke: MSC, 0.55 ± 0.65; P ≤ .0001; TIA: MSC, 0.05 ± 0.26; P = 0.054). Patients older than 70 years had a significantly larger MSC following surgery (≤70 years: MSC, -0.01 ± 0.39; P = .429; >70 years: MSC, 0.29 ± 0.48; P ≤ .0001).


CONCLUSIONS
BOLD fMRI can demonstrate changes in cerebral hemodynamics before and after CEA, indicative of an ameliorated CVR. This response is dependent on the age of the patient, the degree of preoperative stenosis, and the patient's symptoms.
Linear IgA bullous dermatosis: report of five cases in Chile.

BACKGROUND
Linear IgA bullous dermatosis (LABD) is an acquired autoimmune sub-epidermal vesiculobullous disease characterized by continuous linear IgA deposit on the basement membrane zone, as visualized on direct immunofluorescence microscopy. LABD can affect both adults and children. The disease is very uncommon, with a still unknown incidence in the South American population.


MATERIALS AND METHODS
All confirmed cases of LABD by histological and immunofluorescence in our hospital were studied.


RESULTS
The confirmed cases were three females and two males, aged from 8 to 87 years. Precipitant events associated with LABD were drug consumption (non-steroid inflammatory agents in two cases) and ulcerative colitis (one case). Most of our patients were treated with dapsone, resulting in remission.


DISCUSSION
Our series confirms the heterogeneous clinical features of this uncommon disease in concordance with a larger series of patients reported in the literature.
User Profile Modeling and Applications to Digital Libraries

The ultimate goal of an information provider is to satisfy the user information needs. That is, to provide the user with the right information, at the right time, through the right means. A prerequisite for developing personalised services is to rely on user profiles representing users’ information needs. In this paper we will first address the issue of presenting a general user profile model. Then, the general user profile model will be customised for digital libraries users.
Age of onset of myopia predicts risk of high myopia in later childhood in myopic Singapore children.

PURPOSE
To investigate the effect of age of myopia onset on the severity of myopia later in life among myopic children.


METHODS
In this prospective study, school children aged 7-9 years from the Singapore Cohort Of the Risk factors for Myopia (SCORM) were followed up till 11 years (n = 928). Age of myopia onset was defined either through questionnaire at baseline (age 7-9 years) or subsequent annual follow-up visits. Age of onset of myopia was a surrogate indicator of duration of myopia progression till age 11 years. Cycloplegic refraction and axial length were measured at every annual eye examination. High myopia was defined as spherical equivalent of ≤-5.0 D. A questionnaire determined the other risk factors.


RESULTS
In multivariable regression models, younger age of myopia onset (per year decrease) or longer duration of myopia progression was associated with high myopia (odds ratio (OR) = 2.86; 95% CI: 2.39 to 3.43), more myopic spherical equivalent (regression coefficient (β) = -0.86 D; 95% CI: -0.93 to -0.80) and longer axial length (β = 0.28 mm; 95% CI: 0.24 to 0.32) at aged 11 years, after adjusting for gender, race, school, books per week and parental myopia. In Receiver Operating Curve (ROC) analyses, age of myopia onset alone predicted high myopia by 85% (area under the curve = 0.85), while the addition of other factors including gender, race, school, books per week and parental myopia only marginally improved this prediction (area under the curve = 0.87).


CONCLUSIONS
Age of myopia onset or duration of myopia progression was the most important predictor of high myopia in later childhood in myopic children. Future trials to retard the progression of myopia to high myopia could focus on children with younger age of myopia onset or with longer duration of myopia progression.
The impact of antiretroviral treatment on the age composition of the HIV epidemic in sub-Saharan Africa.

INTRODUCTION
Antiretroviral treatment (ART) coverage is rapidly expanding in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). Based on the effect of ART on survival of HIV-infected people and HIV transmission, the age composition of the HIV epidemic in the region is expected to change in the coming decades. We quantify the change in the age composition of HIV-infected people in all countries in SSA.


METHODS
We used STDSIM, a stochastic microsimulation model, and developed an approach to represent HIV prevalence and treatment coverage in 43 countries in SSA, using publicly available data. We predict future trends in HIV prevalence and total number of HIV-infected people aged 15-49 years and 50 years or older for different ART coverage levels.


RESULTS
We show that, if treatment coverage continues to increase at present rates, the total number of HIV-infected people aged 50 years or older will nearly triple over the coming years: from 3.1 million in 2011 to 9.1 million in 2040, dramatically changing the age composition of the HIV epidemic in SSA. In 2011, about one in seven HIV-infected people was aged 50 years or older; in 2040, this ratio will be larger than one in four.


CONCLUSION
The HIV epidemic in SSA is rapidly ageing, implying changing needs and demands in many social sectors, including health, social care, and old-age pension systems. Health policymakers need to anticipate the impact of the changing HIV age composition in their planning for future capacity in these systems.
Community-based postpartum exercise program.

AIMS AND OBJECTIVES
To evaluate the effectiveness of an exercise programme for postpartum women to lose weight and relieve fatigue and depression.


BACKGROUND
The optimal period for weight loss is six months postpartum. However, most women cannot return to their pre-pregnancy fitness level within that period of time.


DESIGN
A quasi-experimental one-group pretest-post-test design was carried out.


METHODS
A convenience sampling method was used to recruit 28 women at 2-6 months postpartum. The 'Yoga and Pilates Exercise Programme for Postpartum Woman' was designed for this study and was delivered in group sessions once a week for three months (12 times total) for 60 minutes each time by a professional coach. Of the participants, 23 completed the entire program. The participants' body composition and levels of depression and fatigue were measured before and after the programme to identify differences.


RESULTS
Women in the high-score group showed a significant decrease of 6·71 ± 5·71 points (t = 3·113, p = 0·021) in the depression score after participating in the exercise programme. No significant difference was found for the level of fatigue before and after the exercise programme (p > 0·05). Significant reductions in the participants' body weight, body fat percentage, fat mass and basic metabolic rate were observed after the exercise programme (p < 0·001).


CONCLUSIONS
These physical activities benefited the physical and mental health of postpartum women and enhanced their quality of life.


RELEVANCE TO CLINICAL PRACTICE
It is worthwhile promoting a yoga and Pilates exercise programme for postpartum women in communities.
Sex reassignment surgery for transsexuals.

PURPOSE OF REVIEW
The purpose of this article is to report on the most recent findings on the current surgical treatments for sex reassignment surgery for both male-to-female and female-to-male transsexuals.


RECENT FINDINGS
For male-to-female sex reassignment surgery, researches aim to refine the inverted peno-scrotal flap surgical technique in order to increase the neovaginal length and width, prevent complications and ameliorate the cosmetic outcome.Bowel segment vaginoplasty, used mainly for secondary cases, is becoming more and more common.For female-to-male sex reassignment surgery, the radial forearm flap is the only procedure that has proved to fulfil most of the patient expectations; however, because of a high complications rate, long recovery time and a large number of the required operations, and the absence of guarantee that patients will be satisfied, the free radial forearm flap is not the best option for every patient. Alternatives such as abdominal/groin flap, thigh flap and metaidoioplasty are very much used.


SUMMARY
In order to provide the best care for transsexual patients, centres performing sex reassignment surgery should co-operate and implement both the refinements and the new techniques offered and/or requested.
Thyroid Hormone Receptor α- and β-Knockout Xenopus tropicalis Tadpoles Reveal Subtype-Specific Roles During Development.

Thyroid hormone (TH) binds TH receptor α (TRα) and β (TRβ) to induce amphibian metamorphosis. Whereas TH signaling has been well studied, functional differences between TRα and TRβ during this process have not been characterized. To understand how each TR contributes to metamorphosis, we generated TRα- and TRβ-knockout tadpoles of Xenopus tropicalis and examined developmental abnormalities, histology of the tail and intestine, and messenger RNA expression of genes encoding extracellular matrix-degrading enzymes. In TRβ-knockout tadpoles, tail regression was delayed significantly and a healthy notochord was observed even 5 days after the initiation of tail shortening (stage 62), whereas in the tails of wild-type and TRα-knockout tadpoles, the notochord disappeared after ∼1 day. The messenger RNA expression levels of genes encoding extracellular matrix-degrading enzymes (MMP2, MMP9TH, MMP13, MMP14, and FAPα) were obviously reduced in the tail tip of TRβ-knockout tadpoles, with the shortening tail. The reduction in olfactory nerve length and head narrowing by gill absorption were also affected. Hind limb growth and intestinal shortening were not compromised in TRβ-knockout tadpoles, whereas tail regression and olfactory nerve shortening appeared to proceed normally in TRα-knockout tadpoles, except for the precocious development of hind limbs. Our results demonstrated the distinct roles of TRα and TRβ in hind limb growth and tail regression, respectively.
Models of memristors for SPICE simulations

Memristors are novel devices which can be used in applications such as memory, logic, analog circuits, and neuromorphic systems. Several memristor technologies have been developed such as ReRAM (Resistive RAM), MRAM (Magnetoresistance RAM), and PCM (Phase Change Memory). To design circuits with memristors, the behavior of the memristor needs to be described by a mathematical model. While the model for memristors should be sufficiently accurate as compared to the behavior of physical devices, the model must also be computationally efficient. Several models for memristors have been proposed - the linear ion drift model, the nonlinear ion drift model, the Simmons tunnel barrier model, and the ThrEshold Adaptive Memristor (TEAM) model. In this paper, the different memristor models are described and a Verilog-A implementation for these models, including the relevant window functions, are presented. These models are suitable for EDA tools such as SPICE.
AggNet: Deep Learning From Crowds for Mitosis Detection in Breast Cancer Histology Images

The lack of publicly available ground-truth data has been identified as the major challenge for transferring recent developments in deep learning to the biomedical imaging domain. Though crowdsourcing has enabled annotation of large scale databases for real world images, its application for biomedical purposes requires a deeper understanding and hence, more precise definition of the actual annotation task. The fact that expert tasks are being outsourced to non-expert users may lead to noisy annotations introducing disagreement between users. Despite being a valuable resource for learning annotation models from crowdsourcing, conventional machine-learning methods may have difficulties dealing with noisy annotations during training. In this manuscript, we present a new concept for learning from crowds that handle data aggregation directly as part of the learning process of the convolutional neural network (CNN) via additional crowdsourcing layer (AggNet). Besides, we present an experimental study on learning from crowds designed to answer the following questions. 1) Can deep CNN be trained with data collected from crowdsourcing? 2) How to adapt the CNN to train on multiple types of annotation datasets (ground truth and crowd-based)? 3) How does the choice of annotation and aggregation affect the accuracy? Our experimental setup involved Annot8, a self-implemented web-platform based on Crowdflower API realizing image annotation tasks for a publicly available biomedical image database. Our results give valuable insights into the functionality of deep CNN learning from crowd annotations and prove the necessity of data aggregation integration.
miRNA profiling, detection of BRAF V600E mutation and RET-PTC1 translocation in patients from Novosibirsk oblast (Russia) with different types of thyroid tumors

The postoperative typing of thyroid lesions, which is instrumental in adequate patient treatment, is currently based on histologic examination. However, it depends on pathologist’s qualification and can be difficult in some cases. Numerous studies have shown that molecular markers such as microRNAs and somatic mutations may be useful to assist in these cases, but no consensus exists on the set of markers that is optimal for that purpose. The aim of the study was to discriminate between different thyroid neoplasms by RT-PCR, using a limited set of microRNAs selected from literature. By RT-PCR we evaluated the relative levels of 15 microRNAs (miR-221, −222, −146b, −181b, −21, −187, −199b, −144, −192, −200a, −200b, −205, −141, −31, −375) and the presence of BRAF(V600E) mutation and RET-PTC1 translocation in surgically resected lesions from 208 patients from Novosibirsk oblast (Russia) with different types of thyroid neoplasms. Expression of each microRNA was normalized to adjacent non-tumor tissue. Three pieces of lesion tissue from each patient (39 goiters, 41 follicular adenomas, 16 follicular thyroid cancers, 108 papillary thyroid cancers, 4 medullary thyroid cancers) were analyzed independently to take into account method variation. The diagnostic classifier based on profiling of 13 microRNAs was proposed, with total estimated accuracy varying from 82.7 to 99 % for different nodule types. Relative expression of six microRNAs (miR-146b, −21, −221, −222, 375, −199b) appeared significantly different in BRAF(V600E)-positive samples (all classified as papillary thyroid carcinomas) compared to BRAF(V600E)-negative papillary carcinoma samples. The results confirm practical feasibility of using molecular markers for typing of thyroid neoplasms and clarification of controversial cases.
A retrospective study on Lindley distribution

The analysis and modeling of lifetime data are very important in applied sciences such as engineering, public health, actuarial science, biomedical studies, demography, industrial reliability and other applied sciences. Therefore, it seems crucial to find statistical distributions for model real‒world phenomena. There are a number of lifetime distributions in statistical literature including exponential, Weibull, gamma and lognormal distributions. The Weibull distribution is one of the most popular and widely used models in life testing and reliability theory.1 Introduced a one‒parameter distribution known as Lindley distribution. This model is used as an alternative model for existing statistical distributions. Lindley distribution has several real applications where the data show the non‒monotone shape for their hazard rate.
Image rejects in general direct digital radiography

BACKGROUND
The number of rejected images is an indicator of image quality and unnecessary imaging at a radiology department. Image reject analysis was frequent in the film era, but comparably few and small studies have been published after converting to digital radiography. One reason may be a belief that rejects have been eliminated with digitalization.


PURPOSE
To measure the extension of deleted images in direct digital radiography (DR), in order to assess the rates of rejects and unnecessary imaging and to analyze reasons for deletions, in order to improve the radiological services.


MATERIAL AND METHODS
All exposed images at two direct digital laboratories at a hospital in Norway were reviewed in January 2014. Type of examination, number of exposed images, and number of deleted images were registered. Each deleted image was analyzed separately and the reason for deleting the image was recorded.


RESULTS
Out of 5417 exposed images, 596 were deleted, giving a deletion rate of 11%. A total of 51.3% were deleted due to positioning errors and 31.0% due to error in centering. The examinations with the highest percentage of deleted images were the knee, hip, and ankle, 20.6%, 18.5%, and 13.8% respectively.


CONCLUSION
The reject rate is at least as high as the deletion rate and is comparable with previous film-based imaging systems. The reasons for rejection are quite different in digital systems. This falsifies the hypothesis that digitalization would eliminates rejects. A deleted image does not contribute to diagnostics, and therefore is an unnecessary image. Hence, the high rates of deleted images have implications for management, training, education, as well as for quality.