LLukas22/scidocs huggingface dataset:
Victim Detection System for Urban Search and Rescue Based on Active Network Operation

A victim detection system is proposed for rescue operations in urban disaster areas. This system consists of autonomous mobile robots and a stationary monitor station connected by a wireless ad hoc network with an active network operation. Robots are instructed to detect victims in a disaster area and send the information to the monitor station through the ad hoc network, and active network operation recovers the communication path breakages that sometimes occur in disaster areas where a conventional recovery scheme for an ad hoc network may not perform well. This additive network operation is executed by autonomous movements of robots which are installed with a behavior algorithm for communication path recovery. The system’s performance is examined by a computer simulation for the case of reconnaissance into a distant location, taking into account robot breakdowns.
Effects of inhaled salmeterol and salbutamol (albuterol) on morning dips compared in intensive care patients recovering from an acute severe asthma attack

Objective: To assess the effect of a long-acting inhaled β 2-agonist, salmeterol (SM), compared to a short-acting inhaled β 2-agonist, salbutamol (or albuterol, SB), on the occurrence of morning dip (MD) in patients recovering from an acute severe asthma attack (ASA). Design: Prospective study Setting: 18-bed, medical intensive care unit (ICU) in a university hospital. Patients: 19 patients suffering from an ASA. Interventions: Serial measurements of the peak expiratory flow rate (PEFR), arterial blood gases, vital capacity and forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1) were performed from admission. All patients were first treated with i. v. methyl prednisolone and i.v. SB. Once the PEFR was stable and > 35 % of predicted value, i. v. SB was stopped while i. v. steroids were maintained, and patients were randomised to either inhaled SB (9 patients, 400 μg every 4 h) or inhaled SM (10 patients, 100 μg every 12 h). Results: The mean admission PEFR was 26.1 ± 11.7 % of the predicted value and was not different between the two groups. MD was more frequent with SB (6/9 patients) than with SM (4/10). The severity of MD, expressed in 1/min fall in PEFR, was higher in SB than in SM (106 ± 25 vs 55±37;p<0.05). Discussion: MD is frequent in ASA. In ASA, SM appears to reduce the frequency and the severity of MD more than SB. The clinical implications of this observation, particularly a lowering of mortality and a shortening of the ICU stay, remain to be investigated.
User identification problems on DSP side in terms of advertising RTB auctions

Success of real-time bidding (RTB) and advertising campaigns depends on efficient and precise user identification, audience targeting and data exchange between SSP (supply side platform) and DSP (demand side platform). Proper implementation of these platforms allows utilizing campaign budget more efficiently and choosing target audience more accurately. From user perspective this would give a chance to see truly valuable and relevant advertising.
Routing and Wavelength Assignment in Optical WDM Networks

This article discusses the routing and wavelength assignment (RWA) problem in optical networks employing wavelenength division multiplexing (WDM) technology. Two variants of the problem are studied: static RWA, whereby the traffic requirements are known in advance, and dynamic RWA in which connection requests arrive in some random fashion. Both point-topoint and multicast traffic demands are considered.
Unit commitment in thermal power generation using genetic algorithms

Unit commitment is a complex decision-making process because of multiple constraints which must not be violated while nding the optimal or a near-optimal commitment schedule. This paper discusses the application of genetic algorithms for determining short-term commitment of thermal units in power generation. The objective of the optimal commitment is to determine the on/oo states of the units in the system to meet the load demand and spinning-reserve requirement at each time period such that the overall cost of generation is minimum, while satisfying various operational constraints. The paper examines the feasibility of using genetic algorithms, and reports preliminary results in determining a near-optimal commitment order of thermal units in studied power systems.
Effects of multidisciplinary team working on breast cancer survival: retrospective, comparative, interventional cohort study of 13 722 women

OBJECTIVES
To describe the effect of multidisciplinary care on survival in women treated for breast cancer.


DESIGN
Retrospective, comparative, non-randomised, interventional cohort study.


SETTING
NHS hospitals, health boards in the west of Scotland, UK.


PARTICIPANTS
14,358 patients diagnosed with symptomatic invasive breast cancer between 1990 and 2000, residing in health board areas in the west of Scotland. 13,722 (95.6%) patients were eligible (excluding 16 diagnoses of inflammatory cancers and 620 diagnoses of breast cancer at death).


INTERVENTION
In 1995, multidisciplinary team working was introduced in hospitals throughout one health board area (Greater Glasgow; intervention area), but not in other health board areas in the west of Scotland (non-intervention area).


MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES
Breast cancer specific mortality and all cause mortality.


RESULTS
Before the introduction of multidisciplinary care (analysed time period January 1990 to September 1995), breast cancer mortality was 11% higher in the intervention area than in the non-intervention area (hazard ratio adjusted for year of incidence, age at diagnosis, and deprivation, 1.11; 95% confidence interval 1.00 to 1.20). After multidisciplinary care was introduced (time period October 1995 to December 2000), breast cancer mortality was 18% lower in the intervention area than in the non-intervention area (0.82, 0.74 to 0.91). All cause mortality did not differ significantly between populations in the earlier period, but was 11% lower in the intervention area than in the non-interventional area in the later period (0.89, 0.82 to 0.97). Interrupted time series analyses showed a significant improvement in breast cancer survival in the intervention area in 1996, compared with the expected survival in the same year had the pre-intervention trend continued (P=0.004). This improvement was maintained after the intervention was introduced.


CONCLUSION
Introduction of multidisciplinary care was associated with improved survival and reduced variation in survival among hospitals. Further analysis of clinical audit data for multidisciplinary care could identify which aspects of care are most associated with survival benefits.
Virtual empathy: Positive and negative impacts of going online upon empathy in young adults

http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2015.05.026 0747-5632/ 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. ⇑ Corresponding author. Tel.: +1 310 243 2325. E-mail addresses: lcarrier@csudh.edu (L.M. Carrier), a.spradlin@email.wsu.edu (A. Spradlin), jbunce@ucmerced.edu (J.P. Bunce), lrosen@csudh.edu (L.D. Rosen). 1 Present address: Department of Psychology, Washington State University, USA. 2 Present address: Department of Psychological Sciences, University of California, Merced, USA. L. Mark Carrier ⇑, Alexander Spradlin , John P. Bunce , Larry D. Rosen
Change Blind Information Display for Ubiquitous Computing Environments

Occupants of future computing environments with ubiquitous display devices may feel inundated with changing digital information. One solution is to create a reasoning module that accepts requests to display information from multiple applications and controls how the information is presented to minimize visual disruptions to users. Such a system might use information about what activity is occurring in the space to exploit a powerful phenomenon of the human visual system:
Exergames Encouraging Exploration of Hemineglected Space in Stroke Patients With Visuospatial Neglect: A Feasibility Study

BACKGROUND
Use of exergames can complement conventional therapy and increase the amount and intensity of visuospatial neglect (VSN) training. A series of 9 exergames-games based on therapeutic principles-aimed at improving exploration of the neglected space for patients with VSN symptoms poststroke was developed and tested for its feasibility.


OBJECTIVES
The goal was to determine the feasibility of the exergames with minimal supervision in terms of (1) implementation of the intervention, including adherence, attrition and safety, and (2) limited efficacy testing, aiming to document possible effects on VSN symptoms in a case series of patients early poststroke.


METHODS
A total of 7 patients attended the 3-week exergames training program on a daily basis. Adherence of the patients was documented in a training diary. For attrition, the number of participants lost during the intervention was registered. Any adverse events related to the exergames intervention were noted to document safety. Changes in cognitive and spatial exploration skills were measured with the Zürich Maxi Mental Status Inventory and the Neglect Test. Additionally, we developed an Eye Tracker Neglect Test (ETNT) using an infrared camera to detect and measure neglect symptoms pre- and postintervention.


RESULTS
The median was 14 out of 15 (93%) attended sessions, indicating that the adherence to the exergames training sessions was high. There were no adverse events and no drop-outs during the exergame intervention. The individual cognitive and spatial exploration skills slightly improved postintervention (P=.06 to P=.98) and continued improving at follow-up (P=.04 to P=.92) in 5 out of 7 (71%) patients. Calibration of the ETNT was rather error prone. The ETNT showed a trend for a slight median group improvement from 15 to 16 total located targets (+6%).


CONCLUSIONS
The high adherence rate and absence of adverse events showed that these exergames were feasible and safe for the participants. The results of the amount of exergames use is promising for future applications and warrants further investigations-for example, in the home setting of patients to augment training frequency and intensity. The preliminary results indicate the potential of these exergames to cause improvements in cognitive and spatial exploration skills over the course of training for stroke patients with VSN symptoms. Thus, these exergames are proposed as a motivating training tool to complement usual care. The ETNT showed to be a promising assessment for quantifying spatial exploration skills. However, further adaptations are needed, especially regarding calibration issues, before its use can be justified in a larger study sample.
A Phase Ib dose-escalation study to evaluate safety and tolerability of the addition of the aminopeptidase inhibitor tosedostat (CHR-2797) to paclitaxel in patients with advanced solid tumours

Background:This Phase Ib dose-escalating study investigated safety, maximum tolerated dose (MTD), dose-limiting toxicity (DLT), pharmacokinetics (PK) and clinical antitumour activity of tosedostat (CHR-2797), an orally bioavailable aminopeptidase inhibitor, in combination with paclitaxel.Methods:A total of 22 patients received paclitaxel (135–175 mg m−2) intravenously, administered once every three weeks for up to six cycles, with oral tosedostat (90–240 mg) daily.Results:One DLT (grade 3 dyspnoea) was observed in one patient with tosedostat 180 mg combined with paclitaxel 175 mg m−2. A high number of paclitaxel infusion reactions was noted during the second administration (59%) and this prompted interruption of tosedostat dosing for 5 days around every second and subsequent paclitaxel infusion. No formal MTD was determined because of the high frequency of paclitaxel infusion reactions that may have been influenced by tosedostat. Most frequently observed drug-related adverse events were alopecia, fatigue (95% each), peripheral sensory neuropathy (59%), paclitaxel hypersensitivity (59%) and rash (55%). One patient died because of eosinophilic myocarditis, possibly related to study medication. There was no PK interaction between tosedostat and paclitaxel. In all, 3 patients had a partial response and 12 patients had stable disease lasting >3 months.Conclusion:The combination of tosedostat with paclitaxel was well tolerated except for the high incidence of paclitaxel-related infusion reactions.
Local antibiotic therapy in rectal cancer surgery.

UNLABELLED
Infectious complications and their consequences are still key issues in rectal cancer surgery. Currently, intravenous antibiotic administration is a recognized method for lowering the rate of these complications. The aim of the study was to assess the efficacy of complementary application of a gentamicin-impregnated sponge in the perineal wound or in the vicinity of intestinal anastomosis after abdominoperineal resection or low anterior resection.


MATERIAL AND METHODS
112 patients with primary rectal cancer were enrolled in this study. 42 patients were treated with a gentamicin sponge and drainage (group A) and 70 individuals were treated with drainage alone (group B). In the aforementioned groups a routine short-term regimen of antibiotic prophylaxis was used. We applied gentamicin-impregnated sponges in 27 patients in whom anterior resection was performed and in 15 patients from the abdominoperineal resection group (64% and 36%, respectively). In the control group, 44 anterior resections and 26 abdominoperineal resections were carried out (63% and 37%, respectively).


RESULTS
We did not observe statistically significant differences in the incidence of suppurative complications (intraabdominal abscess, perineal wound infection): 4 cases (9.52%) in group A and 9 (12.58%) in group B and anastomotic leakage with clinical manifestation after low anterior resection: 1 case (3.7%) in group A and 2 (4.5%) in group B. Postoperative fever of unknown origin was noted more often in group B: 23 patients (32.8%) versus 10 patients (23.8%) in group A and this difference was statistically significant (p<0.05). Hospitalization after surgery was also significantly longer in group B (9-37 days, median 11 days) as compared with group A (8-26 days, median 13 days) (p<0.05).


CONCLUSIONS
Local antibiotic therapy in rectal cancer surgery lowered the incidence of postoperative fever of unknown origin and permitted shorter hospitalization after surgery. Local gentamicin application in rectal cancer surgery did not change significantly the rate of infectious complications.
Approximate Nearest Neighbor Searching in Multimedia Databases

In this paper, we develop a general framework for approximate nearest neighbor queries. We categorize the current approaches for nearest neighbor query processing based on either their ability to reduce the data set that needs to be examined, or their ability to reduce the representation size of each data object. We first propose modifications to wellknown techniques to support the progressive processing of approximate nearest neighbor queries. A user may therefore stop the retrieval process once enough information has been returned. We then develop a new technique based on clustering that merges the benefits of the two general classes of approaches. Our cluster-based approach allows a user to progressively explore the approximate results with increasing accuracy. We propose a new metric for evaluation of approximate nearest neighbor searching techniques. Using both the proposed and the traditional metrics, we analyze and compare several techniques with a detailed performance evaluation. We demonstrate the feasibility and efficiency of approximate nearest neighbor searching. We perform experiments on several real data sets and establish the superiority of the proposed cluster-based technique over the existing techniques for approximate nearest neighbor searching.
An improvement of the h-index: the g-index

For a set of papers, ranked in decreasing order of the number of citations that they received, the h-index is the (unique) highest number of papers that received h or more citations. In the references [1,2,7,9] one describes some advantages of this new scientometric indicator: It is a simple single number incorporating both publication (quantitiy) and citation (quality or visibility) scores and hence has an advantage over these single separate measures and over measures such as "number of significant papers" (which is arbitrary) or "number of citations to each of the (say) q most cited papers" (which again is not a single number). The h-index is also robust in the sense that it is insensitive to an accidental set of uncited (or lowly cited) papers and also to one or several outstandingly highly cited papers.
Institutional Repositories: Keys to Success

Institutional repositories are a relatively new activity for higher education. They are defined most often as a set of services that are offered by an institution for the management and dissemination of digital materials created by the members of the institution or scholarly community. This article will describe the challenges institutions are facing in creating repositories, will explore the economics of managing repositories, and will offer a model for creating a successful set of services.
Construct validity and reliability of the Practice Environment Scale of the Nursing Work Index ( PES-NWI ) for Queensland Nurses

Aims: This article reports on construct validity and reliability of 30 items of the Practice Environment Scale of the Nursing Work Index (PES-NWI). Background: Australia, like other countries is experiencing a shortage of nurses and a multifactor approach to retention of nurses is required. One significant factor that has received increasing attention in the last decade, particularly in the United States is the nursing practice environment. Design: The reliability of the 30 items of the PES-NWI was assessed by Cronbach’s alpha and factor analysis was performed using principal component analysis. Setting: The PES-NWI was completed by nurses working in the aged care, private and public sectors in Queensland, Australia. Participants: A total of 3,000 were distributed to a random sample of members of the Queensland Nurses Union. Of these 1192 surveys were returned, a response rate of 40%. Results: The PES-NWI was shown to be reliable demonstrating internal consistency with a Cronbach’s alpha of the total scale of 0.948. The 30 items loaded onto 5 factors explaining 57.7% of the variance. The items across the factors differed slightly from those reported by the original author of the PES-NWI. Conclusion: This study indicates that the PES-NWI has construct validity and reliability in the Australian setting for nurses.
Phase I dose-escalation study evaluating safety, tolerability and pharmacokinetics of MEDI-573, a dual IGF-I/II neutralizing antibody, in Japanese patients with advanced solid tumours

Purpose This Phase I, open-label, single-arm, dose-escalation study aimed to evaluate the safety and tolerability of the insulin-like growth factor (IGF-I/II) neutralizing antibody, MEDI-573, in Japanese patients with advanced solid tumours refractory to standard therapy or for which no standard therapy exists. The pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics and antitumour activity of MEDI-573 were also evaluated. Methods Three cohorts of patients received MEDI-573 in escalating order: cohort 1, 5 mg/kg on Day 1, 8 and 15; cohort 2, 15 mg/kg on Day 1, 8 and 15; cohort 3, 45 mg/kg on Day 1, of 21-day cycles. Results Ten patients who received at least one dose of MEDI-573 were evaluated. The median number of treatment cycles was 2.0 (range 1–6) and the median number of MEDI-573 doses received was 4.0 (range 1–17). The most commonly reported drug-related adverse events were fatigue (n = 2 patients), pyrexia (n = 2), diarrhoea (n = 2) and electrocardiogram QT prolongation (n = 2). No patients experienced a dose-limiting toxicity. Pharmacokinetics of MEDI-573 were linear with a dose-dependent increase. There were no complete or partial responses; four patients had an overall best response of stable disease. Conclusions MEDI-573 is well tolerated at the doses investigated.
Networked telemicromanipulation systems "Haptic Loupe"

In this paper, "Haptic Loupe" telemicromanipulation systems are proposed. We have developed telemicromanipulation systems that enable human operators to perform micro tasks, such as assembly or manufacturing without stress . These systems are based on a scaled bilateral teleoperation system between different structures. The systems are composed of an original six-degrees-of-freedom (6-DOF) parallel link manipulator to carry out micromanipulation and a 6-DOF haptic interface with force feedback. A parallel mechanism is adopted as a slave micromanipulator because of its good features of accuracy and stiffness. The haptic master interface is developed for micromanipulation systems. Haptic device system modeling and a model reference adaptive controller are implemented to compensate for friction forces, which spoil the free motion performance and force response isotropy of the system. Total system performance as a telemicromanipulator system is evaluated by performing some primitive manipulation tasks in a teleoperation experiment. Experimental results are presented and discussed.
Literature review on effectiveness of the use of social media: a report for Peel public health

Preliminary data from the field suggests that social media is becoming a powerful addition to the health communicators' toolkit. Although there is a great deal of interest in using social media as a tool for public health communications, the research evaluating its utility is still in its infancy. As of yet, few research studies have examined the broader utility of social media for the adoption of health promoting and protective behaviours. One of the chief conclusions of this report is that there is a paucity of peer-reviewed studies testing the utility of social media interventions for desired outcomes. Instead, research has focused on documenting the range of health-related behaviours and the content of health-related discourse on these platforms. Observational studies show an abundance of both informal health conversations related to public health issues and organized health-related activities on leading social media platforms such as YouTube, Twitter, and Facebook. The quality of health information available to users on these platforms is highly variable raising some concerns that social media users are exposed to unopposed viewpoints that counter core public health recommendations and contemporary medical science, such as those opposing immunization and promoting smoking. Social media is currently utilized by public health organizations both as a broadcasting platform to amplify messages from traditional media sources (e.g., radio, television, print media) and as an entirely new way of collaborating and co-creating content with target audiences. In the latter approach, organizations have had to adapt their communications strategies to incorporate user-generated content and feedback. The process of engaging users to co-create content, to rate, rank and comment on communications, more so than the resulting message, is increasingly perceived to give a heightened authenticity to messages, improving trust in, and building users' relationships with, organizations. Social media, unlike traditional media campaigns, provides novel opportunities to embed and interject public health messaging into the daily online conversations of Canadians. In the future, it will also allow public health communicators to deliver a range of health promotion messages and self-monitoring tools through mobile applications, an innovation that will potentially increase the reach to those without computers, and will allow public health messaging to penetrate the day-today health conversations and activities of Canadians. The adoption of social media by leading public health organizations reflects a widespread sense that these tools are increasingly necessary to reach demographics who are abandoning traditional broadcast technologies (e.g., telephones, television) such as teens, …