LLukas22/scidocs huggingface dataset:
GANosaic: Mosaic Creation with Generative Texture Manifolds

This paper presents a novel framework for generating texture mosaics with convolutional neural networks. Our method is called GANosaic and performs optimization in the latent noise space of a generative texture model, which allows the transformation of a content image into a mosaic exhibiting the visual properties of the underlying texture manifold. To represent that manifold, we use a state-of-the-art generative adversarial method for texture synthesis [1], which can learn expressive texture representations from data and produce mosaic images with very high resolution. This fully convolutional model generates smooth (without any visible borders) mosaic images which morph and blend different textures locally. In addition, we develop a new type of differentiable statistical regularization appropriate for optimization over the prior noise space of the PSGAN model.
Oxygen uptake, heart rate and blood lactate concentration during a normal training session of an aerobic dance class

The aim of this research was to investigate the physiological responses and, in particular, the participation of lactic acid anaerobic metabolism in aerobic dance, which is claimed to be pure aerobic exercise. In contrast to previous studies, that have put subjects in very unfamiliar situations, the parameters were monitored in the familiar context of gymnasium, practice routine and habitual instructor. A group of 30 skilled fairly well-trained women performed their usual routine,␣a combination of the two styles: low (LI) and high impact (HI), and were continuously monitored for heart rate (HR) and every 8 min for blood lactate concentration ([La−]b). Of the group, 15 were tested to determine their maximal aerobic power (V˙O2max) using a cycleergometer. They were also monitored during the routine for oxygen uptake (V˙O2) by a light telemetric apparatus. The oxygen pulses of the routine and of the corresponding exercise intensity in the incremental test were not statistically different. The mean values in the exercise session were: peak HR 92.8 (SD 7.8)% of the subject's maximal theoretical value, peak V˙O2 99.5 (SD 12.4)% of V˙O2max, maximal [La−]b 6.1 (SD 1.7) mmol · l−l, and mean 4.8 (SD 1.3) mmol · l−l. Repeated measures ANOVA found statistically significant differences between the increasing [La−]b values (P < 0.001). In particular, the difference between the [La−]b values at the end of the mainly LI phase and those of the LI-HI combination phase, and the difference between the samples during the combination LI-HI phase were both statistically significant (both P= 0.002 and P= 0.002). The similar oxygen pulses confirmed the validity of the present experiment design and the reliability of HR monitoring in this activity. The HR, V˙O2 and, above all, the increase of [La−]b to quite high values, showing a non steady state, demonstrated the high metabolic demand made by this activity that involved lactic acid metabolism at a much higher level than expected.
Adsorption and removal of phthalic acid and diethyl phthalate from water with zeolitic imidazolate and metal-organic frameworks.

ZIF-8 (zinc-methylimidazolate framework-8), one of the zeolitic imidazolate frameworks (ZIFs), has been used for the removal of phthalic acid (H2-PA) and diethyl phthalate (DEP) from aqueous solutions via adsorption. The adsorption capacity of the ZIF-8 for H2-PA was much higher than that of a commercial activated carbon or other typical metal-organic frameworks (MOFs). Because the surface area and pore volume of the adsorbents showed no favorable effect on the adsorption of H2-PA, the remarkable adsorption with ZIF-8 suggests a specific favorable interaction (electrostatic interaction) between the positively charged surface of ZIF-8 and the negatively charged PA anions. In addition, acid-base interactions also have a favorable contribution in the adsorption of H2-PA, based on the adsorptive performances of pristine and amino-functionalized MOFs and adsorption over ZIF-8 at acidic condition (pH=3.5). The reusability of ZIF-8 was also demonstrated after simple washing with methanol. On the other hand, ZIF-8 was not effective in adsorbing DEP probably because of little charge of DEP in a water solution.
Pharmacodynamic effects during the transition between cangrelor and ticagrelor.

OBJECTIVES
This study sought to determine pharmacodynamic effects during transition from intravenous cangrelor to oral ticagrelor and from oral ticagrelor to intravenous cangrelor.


BACKGROUND
Cangrelor is an intravenous antagonist of P2Y12 and its use will require transition to and from oral agents.


METHODS
Patients (n = 12) with stable coronary artery disease who were taking aspirin 81 mg daily were recruited. On study day 1, they received a bolus plus 2-h infusion of cangrelor plus a 180-mg dose of ticagrelor at either 0.5 h (n = 6) or 1.25 h (n = 6). Pharmacodynamic effects (light transmission platelet aggregation in response to 20 and 5 μmol/l adenosine diphosphate, VerifyNow, P2Y12 assay (Accumetrics, San Diego, California), vasodilator-stimulated phosphoprotein index, and flow cytometry) were assessed during and after the cangrelor infusion. Patients took 90 mg of ticagrelor twice daily for either 6 (n = 6) or 7 (n = 6) doses. On study day 5, pharmacodynamic effects were assessed before and during a bolus plus 2-h infusion of cangrelor.


RESULTS
During cangrelor infusion, extensive inhibition of platelet function reflected by limited residual platelet reactivity was apparent. After cangrelor was stopped, the antiplatelet effects of ticagrelor were preserved despite a modest increase in platelet reactivity.


CONCLUSIONS
Ticagrelor given before or during infusion of cangrelor did not attenuate the pharmacodynamic effects of cangrelor. The pharmacodynamic effects of ticagrelor were preserved when ticagrelor was given during infusion of cangrelor. Consistent with the reversible binding of ticagrelor, this oral P2Y12 antagonist can be administered before, during, or after treatment with cangrelor.
Modeling Health Behavior Change : How to Predict and Modify the Adoption and Maintenance of Health Behaviors

© 2008 The Author. Journal compilation © 2008 International Association of Applied Psychology. Published by Blackwell Publishing, 9600 Garsington Road, Oxford OX4 2DQ, UK and 350 Main Street, Malden, MA 02148, USA. Blackwell Publishing Ltd Oxford, UK APPS pplied Psychology 0269-994X © Int rnational Association for Applied Psychology, 2008 XXX riginal Arti le MODELING HE LTH BEHAVIOR CHANGE RALF SCHWARZER Modeling Health Behavior Change: How to Predict and Modify the Adoption and Maintenance of Health Behaviors
Coefficient color constancy

The goal of color constancy is to take the color responses (for example camera rgb triplets) of surfaces viewyd under an unknown illuminant and map them to illuminant independent descriptors. In existing theories this mapping is either a general linear 3 x 3 matrix or a simple diagonal matrix of scaling coefficients. The general theories have the advantage that the illuminant can be accurately discounted but have the disadvantage that nine parameters must be recovered. Conversely while the coeficient theories have only three unknowns, a diagonal matrix may only partially discount the illuminant. My staring point in this thesis is to generalize the coefficient approach; the goal is to retain its inherent simplicity while at the same time increasing its expressive power. Under the generalized coefficient scheme, I propose that a visual system transforms responses to a new sensor basis before applying the scaling coefficients. I present methods for choosing the best coefficient basis for a variety of statistical models of color responses. These models are rich enough that the generalized coefficient approach suffices for almost all possible sensor sets. To achieve color constancy the correct coefficients must be recovered. Existing algorithms can do so only when strong constraints are satisfied. For example it is often assumed that there is a white reflectance in every scene. In the second part of my thesis, I develop a new coefficient algorithm, which I call color in perspective, based on very weak (and very reasonable) assumptions about the world. I assume only that the range of color responses induced by different reflectances varies with a change in illumination and that illumination itself can vary only within certain bounds. I tested the algorithm on real images taken with a color video camera-extremely good constancy is delivered. Indeed the degree of constancy compares favorably with the best which is theoretically possible. The methods developed in this thesis can be applied to a variety of other areas including color graphics, color reproduction and color appearance models.
MRI of acute myocarditis: a comprehensive approach based on various imaging sequences.

STUDY OBJECTIVES
To explore the diagnostic performance of MRI for the diagnosis of acute myocarditis, using a comprehensive imaging approach.


DESIGN AND SETTINGS
Twenty patients with myocarditis and 7 age-matched and gender-matched control subjects underwent comprehensive MRI. Magnetic resonance (MR) examinations included axial T2-weighted sequences, precontrast and postcontrast ECG-gated T1-weighted sequences in axial and short heart axis, cine-MRI, and serial dynamic turbo fast low-angle shot (turboFLASH) acquisitions in the short axis following Gd injection for a period of 2 min. Precontrast and postcontrast images were postprocessed using subtraction. Two observers read all images qualitatively and quantitatively. Myocardial enhancement was compared between patients and control subjects.


PATIENTS
Myocardial involvement was focal in 6 patients examined within 1 week from clinical onset, and diffuse in the remaining 14 patients examined later.


RESULTS
Qualitatively, contrast-enhanced T1-weighted subtracted images had 100% sensitivity and specificity for myocardial involvement. Postcontrast T1-weighted images were able to discriminate the early phase (nodular enhancement) from the later phase of myocarditis (diffuse enhancement). Quantitatively, myocardial enhancement was 56% +/- 3.2% in patients, vs 29% +/- 3.1% in control subjects using T1-weighted MRI (p < 0.0001). Serial turboFLASH images displayed greater myocardial enhancement between 25 s and 120 s in patients than in control subjects (p < 0.0001); however, there was marked enhancement of skeletal muscles in both early and late stages of myocarditis compared to control subjects (p < 0.0001).


CONCLUSION
On the basis of subtracted cardiac-gated T1-weighted images and serial postinjection turboFLASH images, our study shows that myocarditis is largely, at least in the early stages, a focal process in the myocardium. It also provides evidence of transient skeletal muscle involvement, which may actually be useful for diagnosis.
Overview and emerging challenges in mechanical dicing of silicon wafers

An overview and emerging challenges in mechanical dicing of silicon (Si) wafer are discussed from view point of narrow kerf, thin wafer, chip strength enhancement, Copper (Cu)/low-k wafers and dicing challenges for emerging technologies.
An evaluation of differences in hip external rotation strength and range of motion between female dancers and non-dancers.

OBJECTIVES
To evaluate the differences in hip external rotation (ER) strength and inner, outer, and total hip ER range of motion (ROM) between dancers and non-dancers and between left and right sides in each group.


METHODS
Seventy one subjects (34 dancers and 37 non-dancers) volunteered for this study. The strength (truncated range average torque (TRAT), work, and angle specific torque (AST)) of the hip external rotator muscle group, through the full available active hip ER ROM, was evaluated using concentric isokinetic (30 degrees /s) testing on a KinCom dynamometer. Adjustment for lean body mass (LBM) was made for comparison of strength between groups. A two way repeated analysis of covariance was used to compare strength between groups. A two way repeated analysis of variance was used to compare strength between sides and ROM between groups and sides. Bonferroni correction was made for multiple analyses, and significance was accepted at p<or=0.05.


RESULTS
AST at 0 degrees , 20 degrees , 30 degrees , and 40 degrees of hip ER was greater in the dancers than the non-dancers (p<or=0.022). TRAT, work, AST(0 degrees ), AST(20 degrees ), and AST(30 degrees ) of hip ER were all greater on the right side than the left (p = 0.007) in both groups. Dancers had greater inner ER ROM (p = 0.013) and less outer ER ROM than non-dancers (p<or=0.001). There was no difference in total ER ROM between groups (p = 0.133). The right side had greater inner ER (p<or=0.001) and total ER ROM (p<or=0.001) than the left in both groups.


CONCLUSIONS
Ballet dancers have greater inner range, angle specific strength and inner range ER ROM, demonstrated by a shift in the dancers' strength curves. This shift in the strength curve towards the inner range of hip ER may be an adaptive training response.
Efficient label propagation for interactive image segmentation

A novel algorithm for interactive multilabel image/video segmentation is proposed in this paper. Given a small number of pixels with user-defined (or pre-defined) labels, our method can automatically propagate those labels to the remaining unlabeled pixels through an iterative procedure. Theoretical analysis of the convergence property of this algorithm is developed along with the corresponding connections with energy minimization of the hidden Markov random field models. To make the algorithm more efficient, we also derive a multi-level way for propagating the labels. Finally the segmentation results on natural images are presented to show the effectiveness of our method.
Prediction of surface roughness of turned surfaces using neural networks

In this study, the prediction of surface roughness heights Ra and Rt of turned surfaces was carried out using neural networks with seven inputs, namely, tool insert grade, workpiece material, tool nose radius, rake angle, depth of cut, spindle rate, and feed rate. Coated carbide, polycrystalline and single crystal diamond inserts were used to conduct 304 turning experiments on a lathe, and surface roughness heights of the turned surfaces were measured. A systematic approach to obtain an optimal network was employed to consider the effects of network architecture and activation functions on the prediction accuracy of the neural network for this application. The reliability of the optimized neural network was further explored by predicting the roughness of surfaces turned on another lathe, and the results proved that the network was equally effective in predicting the Ra and Rt values of the surfaces machined on this lathe as well.
Note on the filtrations of the K-theory

Let X be a (colimit of) smooth algebraic variety over a subfield of C. Let K alg (X) (resp. K top(X(C))) be the algebraic (resp. topological) K-theory of k (resp. complex) vector bundles over X ( resp. X(C))). When K alg (X) = K top(X(C)), we study the differences of its three (gamma, geometrical and topological) filtrations. In particular, we consider the cases X = BG for an algebraically closed field k, and X = Gk/Tk the twisted form of flag varieties G/T for non-algebraically closed field k.
1 Polyvinylpyrrolidone ( PVP ) in nanoparticle synthesis

Colloidal synthesis offers a route to nanoparticles (NPs) with controlled composition and structural features. This Perspective describes the use of polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) to obtain such nanostructures. PVP can serve as a surface stabilizer, growth modifier, nanoparticle dispersant, and reducing agent. As shown with examples, its role depends on the synthetic conditions. This dependence arises from the amphiphilic nature of PVP along with the molecular weight of the selected PVP. These characteristics can affect nanoparticle growth and morphology by providing solubility in diverse solvents, selective surface stabilization, and even access to kinetically controlled growth conditions. This Perspective includes discussions of the properties of PVP-capped NPs for surface enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS), assembly, catalysis, and more. The contribution of PVP to these properties as well as its removal is considered. Ultimately, the NPs accessed through the use of PVP in colloidal syntheses are opening new applications, and the concluding guidelines provided herein should enable new nanostructures to be accessed facilely.
Radiation performance of small implanted antennas in head at MICS, ISM, and GPS bands

This paper presents a comparative analysis of the radiation characteristics for a rectangular loop antenna and a short dipole antenna, placed under the scalp, at the MICS, GPS, and ISM frequency bands. These antennas are evaluated at 402, 915, 1575, and 2450 MHz in an anatomically defined head model using the finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) method. This evaluation shows the impact of human head loading on the radiation performance of the antennas. The knowledge gained from this study is useful for the design of antennas for medical telemetry devices implanted in the body.
Analyzing the Dynamics of Research by Extracting Key Aspects of Scientific Papers

1 We work on improving the speech recognition system using more linguistic features. We use a discriminative classifier with our new features and show that our system performs better than state-of-the-art techniques. Abstract 2 We work on a new regularizer for discriminative classifiers. Our system performs better than the existing systems on the speech recognition task.2 We work on a new regularizer for discriminative classifiers. Our system performs better than the existing systems on the speech recognition task. Focus is different even though technique and domain are same! A DOMAIN for me is a TECHNIQUE for you .. AND VICE VERSA • Part-of-speech tagging uses word segmentation and HMM  TECHNIQUE: word segmentation; HMM  DOMAIN: part-of-speech tagging • Parsing uses part-of-speech tagging as an intermediate tool  TECHNIQUE: part-of-speech tagging  DOMAIN: parsing Why BoW based techniques fail? • Bag-of-Words techniques assume words are independent  Cannot tell whether a phrase is a FOCUS, a TECHNIQUE, or a DOMAIN • Topic models (e.g. LDA) give higher level topics, like, ‘parsing’, ‘semantics’ • Our approach: Information extraction using dependency patterns Our approach: Dependency Patterns • Find patterns in dependency graph of sentences  In first iteration, 13 patterns for FOCUS, 7 for TECHNIQUE and 15 for DOMAIN Learn new patterns using bootstrapping! direct-object propose <phrase tree> prep_on work <phrase tree> direct-object use <phrase tree> prep_of task <phrase tree> prep_for algorithm <phrase tree> direct-object apply <phrase tree> FOCUS DOMAIN
Evaluation of the effectiveness of therapeutic massage in patients with neck pain.

BACKGROUND
Neck pain is one of the most common musculoskeletal ailments. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness and impact of therapeutic massage on the range of motion in patients with neck pain.


MATERIAL AND METHODS
The study involved 60 patients aged 37-82 years (mean age: 62.8 ± 9.86 years) treated for neck pain at the Rehabilitation Department of Zamość University of Management and Administration. The patients were divided into two groups: one (30 persons) received kinesiotherapy and physiotherapy, and the other group (30 persons) additionally received therapeutic massage. The effectiveness of rehabilitation was assessed with a Saunders digital inclinometer, the Neck Disability Index (NDI) and a Visual Analogue Scale (VAS).


RESULTS
Both groups did not differ significantly in terms of NDI and VAS scores at baseline (NDI: p = 0.56, VAS: P = 0.231) and after rehabilitation (NDI: p = 0.203; VAS: P = 0.401). The NDI questionnaire and VAS revealed a significant pain reduction (p <0.001), and improved performance and function (p <0.001) after rehabilitation in both groups. Patients who had received massage demonstrated a statistically significant improvement in the range of flexion (p = 0.022), lateral bend to the right (p = 0.018), and lateral bend to the left (p = 0.003).


CONCLUSIONS
1. Therapeutic massage increases ranges of motion. 2. The effectiveness of therapeutic massage is comparable to the effectiveness of rehabilitation based only on physical therapy and kinesiotherapy.
Engine Concept Study for an Advanced Single-Aisle Transport

The desire for higher engine efficiency has resulted in the evolution of aircraft gas turbine engines from turbojets, to low bypass ratio, first generation turbofans, to today’s high bypass ratio turbofans. It is possible that future designs will continue this trend, leading to very-high or ultra-high bypass ratio (UHB) engines. Although increased bypass ratio has clear benefits in terms of propulsion system metrics such as specific fuel consumption, these benefits may not translate into aircraft system level benefits due to integration penalties. In this study, the design trade space for advanced turbofan engines applied to a single aisle transport (737/A320 class aircraft) is explored. The benefits of increased bypass ratio and associated enabling technologies such as geared fan drive are found to depend on the primary metrics of interest. For example, bypass ratios at which mission fuel consumption is minimized may not require geared fan technology. However, geared fan drive does enable higher bypass ratio designs which result in lower noise. Regardless of the engine architecture chosen, the results of this study indicate the potential for the advanced aircraft to realize substantial improvements in fuel efficiency, emissions, and noise compared to the current vehicles in this size class.
Diabetic neuropathy: An update

Diabetic neuropathy is the most common neuropathy in industrialized countries, with a remarkable range of clinical manifestations. The usual pattern is a distal symmetrical sensory polyneuropathy, associated with autonomic disturbances. Less often, diabetes is responsible for a focal or multifocal neuropathy affecting cranial nerves, especially oculomotor nerves, and roots and nerves innervating proximal muscles of the lower limbs. Metabolic abnormalities due to hyperglycaemia, lack of insulin and their consequences and ischaemic phenomena secondary to diabetic microangiopathy account for nerve lesions.