LLukas22/scidocs huggingface dataset:
LogCluster - A data clustering and pattern mining algorithm for event logs

Modern IT systems often produce large volumes of event logs, and event pattern discovery is an important log management task. For this purpose, data mining methods have been suggested in many previous works. In this paper, we present the LogCluster algorithm which implements data clustering and line pattern mining for textual event logs. The paper also describes an open source implementation of LogCluster.
Management and outcome of salivary duct carcinoma in major salivary glands

Salivary duct carcinoma (SDC) is a rare and aggressive malignancy with poor prognosis. Its histomorphology is distinctly reminiscent of the ductal carcinoma of the breast. We reviewed the treatment and outcome of SDCs at a single tertiary care centre. Twenty-five cases of SDC of major salivary gland origin, diagnosed and treated at the Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Helsinki University Central Hospital, Helsinki, Finland, during a 14-year period from 1997 to 2011, were reviewed retrospectively. Survival outcome was analyzed for 18 patients with a minimum follow-up of 24 months. There were 16 male (64 %) and 9 female (36 %) patients with a median age of 61 years (range 36–82 years). The majority of the cases occurred in the parotid gland (n = 21, 84 %) followed by the submandibular gland (n = 4, 16 %). The primary treatment consisted of surgical resection in all cases and 17 (68 %) patients also underwent neck dissection. Most of the patients (n = 18, 72 %) were treated with postoperative radiotherapy. Seven patients (28 %) had a disease recurrence within a median follow-up time of 15 months (range 3–27 months). In the group (n = 18) with a minimum follow-up time of 24 months, the 2- and 5-year overall and disease-specific survival rates were 66, 41 % and 75, 55 %, respectively. These results confirm the aggressive nature of SDCs in major salivary glands. Diagnostics and management of these tumours need to be centralized in experienced surgical Head and Neck Oncology Centres, and new treatment strategies should be investigated.
Multiclass Spectral Clustering

We propose a principled account on multiclass spectral clustering. Given a discrete clustering formulation, we first solve a relaxed continuous optimization problem by eigendecomposition. We clarify the role of eigenvectors as a generator of all optimal solutions through orthonormal transforms. We then solve an optimal discretization problem, which seeks a discrete solution closest to the continuous optima. The discretization is efficiently computed in an iterative fashion using singular value decomposition and nonmaximum suppression. The resulting discrete solutions are nearly global-optimal. Our method is robust to random initialization and converges faster than other clustering methods. Experiments on real image segmentation are reported. Spectral graph partitioning methods have been successfully applied to circuit layout [3, 1], load balancing [4] and image segmentation [10, 6]. As a discriminative approach, they do not make assumptions about the global structure of data. Instead, local evidence on how likely two data points belong to the same class is first collected and a global decision is then made to divide all data points into disjunct sets according to some criterion. Often, such a criterion can be interpreted in an embedding framework, where the grouping relationships among data points are preserved as much as possible in a lower-dimensional representation. What makes spectral methods appealing is that their global-optima in the relaxed continuous domain are obtained by eigendecomposition. However, to get a discrete solution from eigenvectors often requires solving another clustering problem, albeit in a lower-dimensional space. That is, eigenvectors are treated as geometrical coordinates of a point set. Various clustering heuristics such as Kmeans [10, 9], transportation [2], dynamic programming [1], greedy pruning or exhaustive search [3, 10] are subsequently employed on the new point set to retrieve partitions. We show that there is a principled way to recover a discrete optimum. This is based on a fact that the continuous optima consist not only of the eigenvectors, but of a whole family spanned by the eigenvectors through orthonormal transforms. The goal is to find the right orthonormal transform that leads to a discretization.
Joint association of coffee consumption and other factors to the risk of type 2 diabetes: a prospective study in Finland

Objective:To examine joint associations of coffee consumption and other factors (including physical activity, obesity and alcohol consumption) with the risk of type 2 diabetes.Design:Prospective follow-up study.Subjects:In all, 10 188 Finnish men and 11 197 women aged 35–74 years without a history of stroke, coronary heart disease or diabetes at baseline.Measurement:A self-administered questionnaire data on coffee, tea, alcohol and other food consumption, physical activity, smoking, socio-economic factors and medical history, together with measured height, weight and blood pressure using standardized protocol.Results:During a mean follow-up of 13.4 years, there were 964 incident cases of type 2 diabetes. Multivariate-adjusted (age, study year, systolic blood pressure, education, smoking, physical activity, body mass index (BMI) and fruit, vegetable, sausage, bread, alcohol and tea consumption) hazard ratio of type 2 diabetes in participants who drank 0–2, 3–6 and ⩾7 cups of coffee were 1.00, 0.77 and 0.66 (P=0.022 for trend) in men, 1.00, 0.71 and 0.52 (P=0.001 for trend) in women, and 1.00, 0.75 and 0.61 (P<0.001 for trend) in men and women combined (adjusted also for sex), respectively. This inverse association was consistent in subjects with any joint levels of physical activity and BMI, and in alcohol drinkers and non-drinkers. Among obese and inactive people, coffee drinking of seven cups or more daily reduced the risk of type 2 diabetes to half.Conclusions:Coffee drinking was associated with a reduced risk of type 2 diabetes in both men and women, and this association was observed regardless of the levels of physical activity, BMI and alcohol consumption.
The cyborg's dilemma: embodiment in virtual environments

Thls paper poses the question: How does the representation of the body in virtual environments affect the mind? This article considers how virtual reality interfaces are evolving to progressively embody the user. The effect of embodiment on the sensation of physical presence, social presence, and self presence in virtual environments is discussed. The effect of avatar representation on body image and body schema distortion is also considered.
Performance and Characterization of New Micromachined High-Frequency Linear Arrays

A new approach for fabricating high frequency (>20 MHz) linear array transducers, based on laser micromachining, has been developed. A 30 MHz, 64-element, 74-mum pitch, linear array design is presented. The performance of the device is demonstrated by comparing electrical and acoustic measurements with analytical, equivalent circuit, and finite-element analysis (FEA) simulations. All FEA results for array performance have been generated using one global set of material parameters. Each fabricated array has been integrated onto a flex circuit for case of handling, and the flex has been integrated onto a custom printed circuit board test card for ease of testing. For a fully assembled array, with an acoustic lens, the center frequency was 28.7 MHz with a one-way -3 dB and -6 dB bandwidth of 59% arid 83%, respectively, arid a -20 dB pulse width of -99 ns. The per-element peak acoustic power, for a plusmn30 V single cycle pulse, measured at the 10 mm focal length of the lens was 590 kPa with a -6 dB directivity span of about 30 degrees. The worst-case total cross talk of the combined array and flex assembly is for nearest neighboring elements and was measured to have an average level -40 dB across the -6 dB bandwidth of the device. Any significant deviation from simulation can be explained through limitations in apparatus calibration and in device packaging
Generating Adversarial Examples with Adversarial Networks

Deep neural networks (DNNs) have been found to be vulnerable to adversarial examples resulting from adding small-magnitude perturbations to inputs. Such adversarial examples can mislead DNNs to produce adversary-selected results. Different attack strategies have been proposed to generate adversarial examples, but how to produce them with high perceptual quality and more efficiently requires more research efforts. In this paper, we propose AdvGAN to generate adversarial examples with generative adversarial networks (GANs), which can learn and approximate the distribution of original instances. For AdvGAN, once the generator is trained, it can generate perturbations efficiently for any instance, so as to potentially accelerate adversarial training as defenses. We apply AdvGAN in both semi-whitebox and black-box attack settings. In semi-whitebox attacks, there is no need to access the original target model after the generator is trained, in contrast to traditional white-box attacks. In black-box attacks, we dynamically train a distilled model for the black-box model and optimize the generator accordingly. Adversarial examples generated by AdvGAN on different target models have high attack success rate under stateof-the-art defenses compared to other attacks. Our attack has placed the first with 92.76% accuracy on a public MNIST black-box attack challenge.1
Effect of a six month gemfibrozil treatment and dietary recommendations on the metabolic risk profile of visceral obese men

OBJECTIVE: The aim of the present study was to investigate the effects of a 6 month gemfibrozil treatment.SUBJECTS: A sample of 64 visceral obese men (age 46±6 y; body mass index 31±3 kg/m2; waist circumference 104±7 cm; mean±s.d.) who received dietary recommendations.METHODS: Subjects were randomly assigned to receive a placebo (n=32) or gemfibrozil (1200 mg/day) (n=32).RESULTS: In both placebo and gemfibrozil treated groups, significant reductions were noted in body weight, fat mass, waist circumference and visceral adipose tissue area measured by computed tomography (0.0001<P<0.05). Plasma cholesterol (CHOL) and apolipoprotein B (apo B) levels were also decreased in both groups (P<0.01) whereas plasma high density lipoprotein (HDL) and HDL-3-CHOL levels were only significantly (P<0.01) increased in the gemfibrozil-treated group. After the 6 month treatment period, gemfibrozil-treated men displayed significantly lower plasma triglycerides (TG) levels, compared to those who received the placebo (P<0.01). Finally, both fasting plasma insulin concentration and insulin area measured during an oral glucose load were significantly decreased only in the placebo group (P<0.05). Taken together, these results suggest that the improvement in plasma lipid/lipoprotein profile observed in gemfibrozil treated visceral obese men seems to be independent from changes in adipose tissue mass and in visceral fat accumulation. Furthermore, improvements in the plasma lipoprotein profile produced by gemfibrozil therapy appear to be independent from changes in indices of plasma glucose–insulin homeostasis.
Identification of 'super-responders' to cardiac resynchronization therapy: the importance of symptom duration and left ventricular geometry.

AIMS
Some patients show such an important clinical improvement and reverse remodelling after cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT) that anatomy and function approach normal. These patients have been called 'super-responders'. The aim of our study was to identify predictors of becoming a super-responder after CRT.


METHODS AND RESULTS
Eighty-seven consecutive patients who underwent CRT were prospectively studied. Before CRT and 6 months after, clinical and echocardiographic evaluation was performed. Patients with a decrease in New York Heart Association functional class >or=1, a two-fold or more increase of left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) or a final LVEF >45%, and a decrease in LV end-systolic volume >15% were classified as super-responders. There were 12% super-responders. At baseline, there were no significant differences between super-responders and the other patients, except for the fact that super-responders had significantly smaller mitral regurgitation and LV end-diastolic diameter (LVEDD) and a shorter duration of heart failure symptoms. Mitral regurgitation jet area, LVEDD, and duration of heart failure symptoms were correlated with this super-response. Moreover, an evolution of symptoms for <12 months was an independent predictor of super-response to CRT.


CONCLUSION
Patients in earlier phases of the cardiomyopathy, with a less altered ventricular geometry, seem to have a greater probability of becoming super-responders.
Heart-type fatty acid-binding protein in the early diagnosis of acute myocardial infarction: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

OBJECTIVE
To determine the accuracy of heart-type fatty acid-binding protein (H-FABP) as a new and early cardiac biomarker in the early diagnosis of acute myocardial infarction (AMI). The introduction of early and safe biomarkers could lead to (a) a large reduction in unnecessary hospital referrals of patients suspected of, but not, having AMI and (b) an earlier start of treatment in patients with AMI.


DESIGN
Diagnostic meta-analysis.


SETTING
Hospital and pre-hospital.


PATIENTS
Consecutive patients suspected of having AMI.


MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES
A summary estimate for sensitivity and specificity was calculated using the bivariate random-effects approach, and covariate analysis was used to examine sources of heterogeneity between studies.


RESULTS
A systematic search yielded 16 studies (3709 patients, prevalence of AMI 13-74%, male gender 49-84%, median age 64-76 years). The summary estimate was 84% (95% CI 76% to 90%) for sensitivity and 84% (95% CI 76% to 89%) for specificity. Covariate analyses revealed that the use of troponin in the reference standard for AMI (as opposed to creatine kinase or creatine kinase-myocardial band) had a significant impact on sensitivity.


CONCLUSION
H-FABP does not fulfil the requirements needed for a safe and early diagnosis of AMI when used as a stand-alone test. Sound diagnostic studies examining the additional role of H-FABP combined with clinical findings and other diagnostic tests are needed to further clarify a potential future role for this cardiac biomarker.
Comparison and design of different electrical machine types regarding their applicability in hybrid electrical vehicles

Because of high requirements in power, efficiency, installation space and weight, the design of electrical machines for hybrid electrical vehicles is a particular challenge. In order to make an informed decision, several machine types are pre-dimensioned by means of analytical formulae and compared with respect to their power density, efficiency and their applicability in hybrid vehicle concepts. The analytical pre-designs are evaluated by the finite element method (FEM). With regard to a parallel hybrid system with a very restricted installation space, a further study is performed on the permanent magnet excited synchronous machine, preferred for its highest power density and overall efficiency.
Gradient system characterization by impulse response measurements with a dynamic field camera.

This work demonstrates a fast, sensitive method of characterizing the dynamic performance of MR gradient systems. The accuracy of gradient time-courses is often compromised by field imperfections of various causes, including eddy currents and mechanical oscillations. Characterizing these perturbations is instrumental for corrections by pre-emphasis or post hoc signal processing. Herein, a gradient chain is treated as a linear time-invariant system, whose impulse response function is determined by measuring field responses to known gradient inputs. Triangular inputs are used to probe the system and response measurements are performed with a dynamic field camera consisting of NMR probes. In experiments on a whole-body MR system, it is shown that the proposed method yields impulse response functions of high temporal and spectral resolution. Besides basic properties such as bandwidth and delay, it also captures subtle features such as mechanically induced field oscillations. For validation, measured response functions were used to predict gradient field evolutions, which was achieved with an error below 0.2%. The field camera used records responses of various spatial orders simultaneously, rendering the method suitable also for studying cross-responses and dynamic shim systems. It thus holds promise for a range of applications, including pre-emphasis optimization, quality assurance, and image reconstruction.
Observing the Effects of Mindfulness-Based Meditation on Anxiety and Depression in Chronic Pain Patients.

BACKGROUND
People whose chronic pain limits their independence are especially likely to become anxious and depressed. Mindfulness training has shown promise for stress-related disorders.


METHODS
Chronic pain patients who complained of anxiety and depression and who scored higher than moderate in Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HDRS) and Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) as well as moderate in Quality of Life Scale (QOLS) were observed for eight weeks, three days a week for an hour of Mindfulness Meditation training with an hour daily home Mindfulness Meditation practice. Pain was evaluated on study entry and completion, and patients were given the Patients' Global Impression of Change (PGIC) to score at the end of the training program.


RESULTS
Forty-seven patients (47) completed the Mindfulness Meditation Training program. Over the year-long observation, patients demonstrated noticeable improvement in depression, anxiety, pain, and global impression of change.


CONCLUSION
Chronic pain patients who suffer with anxiety and depression may benefit from incorporating Mindfulness Meditation into their treatment plans.
Randomised placebo-controlled trial of abciximab before and during coronary intervention in refractory unstable angina: the CAPTURE study

BACKGROUND
Platelet aggregation is a dominant feature in the pathophysiology of unstable angina. Percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty (PTCA) in patients with this disorder carries an increased risk of thrombotic complications. Abciximab (c7E3) blocks the platelet glycoprotein IIb/IIIa receptor, thus preventing platelet adhesion and aggregation. The CAPTURE study was a randomised placebo-controlled multicentre trial to assess whether abciximab can improve outcome in patients with refractory unstable angina who are undergoing PTCA.


METHODS
The study recruited patients with refractory unstable angina, defined as recurrent myocardial ischaemia under medical treatment including heparin and nitrates. Predefined stopping rules were met at a planned interim analysis of data for 1050 patients, and recruitment was stopped. Data for 1265 patients (of 1400 scheduled) are presented here. After angiography, patients received a randomly assigned infusion of abciximab or placebo for 18-24 h before PTCA, continuing until 1 h afterwards. The primary endpoint was the occurrence within 30 days after PTCA of death (any cause), myocardial infarction, or urgent intervention for recurrent ischaemia. Analyses were by intention to treat.


FINDINGS
By 30 days, the primary endpoint had occurred in 71 (11.3%) of 630 patients who received abciximab compared with 101 (15.9%) of 635 placebo recipients (p = 0.012). The rate of myocardial infarction was lower in the abciximab than in the placebo group before PTCA (four [0.6%] vs 13 [2.1%], p = 0.029) and during PTCA (16 [2.6%] vs 34 [5.5%], p = 0.009). Major bleeding was infrequent, but occurred more often with abciximab than with placebo (24 [3.8%] vs 12 [1.9%], p = 0.043). At 6-month follow-up, death, myocardial infarction, or repeat intervention had occurred in 193 patients in each group.


INTERPRETATION
In patients with refractory unstable angina, treatment with abciximab substantially reduces the rate of thrombotic complications, in particular myocardial infarction, before, during, and after PTCA. There was no evidence that this regimen influenced the rate of myocardial infarction after the first few days, or the need for subsequent reintervention.
Ensure Data Security in Cloud Storage

The cost of maintain a data center is increasing rapidly, especially for the medium data center. An economic choice is to use cloud computing and cloud storage instead of manage data center by itself. Small companies buy compute and storage service just like water and electronic. The difficulty is how to ensure their data safe in cloud storage. Cloud storage provider claims that they can protect the data, but no one believes them. In this paper, we present a framework to ensure data security in cloud storage system. In the framework, we use SLA as the common standard between user and provider. And we discuss several technologies to make the data stored in cloud safe. These technologies can be divided into three parts: storage protect, transfer protect and authorize.
User profiling and behavioral adaptation for HRI: A survey

To effectively collaborate with people, robots are expected to detect and profile the users they are interacting with, but also to modify and adapt their behavior according to the learned models. The goal of this survey is to focus on the perspective of user profiling and behavioral adaptation. On the one hand, human-robot interaction requires a human-oriented perception to model and recognize the human actions and capabilities, the intentions and goals behind such actions, and the parameters characterizing the social interaction. On the other hand, the robot behavior should be adapted in its physical movement within the space, in the actions to be selected to achieve collaboration, and by modulating the parameters characterizing the interaction. In this direction, this survey of the current literature introduces a general classification scheme for both the profiling and the behavioral adaptation research topics in terms of physical, cognitive, and social interaction viewpoints. c © 2017 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Effects of innovation types on firm performance

Innovation is broadly seen as an essential component of competitiveness, embedded in the organizational structures, processes, products, and services within a firm. The objective of this paper is to explore the effects of the organizational, process, product, and marketing innovations on the different aspects of firm performance, including innovative, production, market, and financial performances, based on an empirical study covering 184 manufacturing firms in Turkey. A theoretical framework is empirically tested identifying the relationships amid innovations and firm performance through an integrated innovation-performance analysis. The results reveal the positive effects of innovations on firm performance in manufacturing industries.