LLukas22/scidocs huggingface dataset:
What counts as effective communication in nursing? Evidence from nurse educators' and clinicians' feedback on nurse interactions with simulated patients.

AIM
To examine the feedback given by nurse educators and clinicians on the quality of communication skills of nurses in interactions with simulated patients.


BACKGROUND
The quality of communication in interactions between nurses and patients has a major influence on patient outcomes. To support the development of effective nursing communication in clinical practice, a good understanding of what constitutes effective communication is helpful.


DESIGN
An exploratory design was used involving individual interviews, focus groups and written notes from participants and field notes from researchers to investigate perspectives on nurse-patient communication.


METHODS
Focus groups and individual interviews were held between August 2010-September 2011 with a purposive sample of 15 nurse educators and clinicians who observed videos of interactions between nurses and simulated patients. These participants were asked to give oral feedback on the quality and content of these interactions. Verbatim transcriptions were undertaken of all data collected. All written notes and field notes were also transcribed. Thematic analysis of the data was undertaken.


FINDINGS
Four major themes related to nurse-patient communication were derived from the educators' and clinicians' feedback: approach to patients and patient care, manner towards patients, techniques used for interacting with patients and generic aspects of communication.


CONCLUSION
This study has added to previous research by contributing grounded evidence from a group of nurse educators and clinicians on the aspects of communication that are relevant for effective nurse-patient interactions in clinical practice.
A protection scheme against DC faults VSC based DC systems with bus capacitors

This paper describes a novel protection method to limit the fault currents caused by short circuit in a voltage source converter (VSC) based DC systems with capacitors connected to the DC bus. Analyzing the development of DC fault current in such DC systems shows that capacitor discharge dominates the very rapid fault current rising at the instance of faults. If this high slope fault current surge is not limited, stored energy in the capacitor will cause hazard to personals as well as connected equipment. If the discharging current from the DC bus capacitor is not limited, it will require much higher break capability of the DC breakers. Therefore a novel protection method is proposed to limit the DC fault currents by detecting and interrupting the DC capacitor discharge using a solid state circuit breaker (capacitor SSCB) which is connected in series with the DC bus capacitor. Implementing this new method will effectively reduce peak value of the fault current, alleviate current stress of diodes in VSC bridges, in a way that only local current information is required. It needs no external control signals, and power loss of this capacitor SSCB is relatively low. Both simulations and tests have proved this method to be effective.
Multiobjective Modulated Model Predictive Control for a Multilevel Solid-State Transformer

Finite control set model predictive control (FCS-MPC) offers many advantages over more traditional control techniques, such as the ability to avoid cascaded control loops, easy inclusion of constraint, and fast transient response of the control system. This control scheme has been recently applied to several power conversion systems, such as two, three, or more level converters, matrix converters, etc. Unfortunately, because of the lack of the presence of a modulation strategy, this approach produces spread spectrum harmonics which are difficult to filter effectively. This may result in a degraded power quality when compared to more traditional control schemes. Furthermore, high switching frequencies may be needed, considering the limited number of switching states in the converter. This paper presents a novel multiobjective modulated predictive control strategy, which preserves the desired characteristics of FCS-MPC but produces superior waveform quality. The proposed method is validated by experimental tests on a seven-level cascaded H-bridge back-to-back converter and compared to a classic MPC scheme.
Production and Optimization of Physicochemical Parameters of Cellulase Using Untreated Orange Waste by Newly Isolated Emericella variecolor NS3.

Cellulase enzymes have versatile industrial applications. This study was directed towards the isolation, production, and characterization of cellulase enzyme system. Among the five isolated fungal cultures, Emericella variecolor NS3 showed maximum cellulase production using untreated orange peel waste as substrate using solid-state fermentation (SSF). Maximum enzyme production of 31 IU/gds (per gram of dry substrate) was noticed at 6.0 g concentration of orange peel. Further, 50 °C was recorded as the optimum temperature for cellulase activity and the thermal stability for 240 min was observed at this temperature. In addition, the crude enzyme was stable at pH 5.0 and held its complete relative activity in presence of Mn2+ and Fe3+. This study explored the production of crude enzyme system using biological waste with future potential for research and industrial applications.
Foundations of Measurement Theory Applied to the Evaluation of Dependability Attributes

Increasing interest is being paid to quantitative evaluation based on measurements of dependability attributes and metrics of computer systems and infrastructures. Despite measurands are generally sensibly identified, different approaches make it difficult to compare different results. Moreover, measurement tools are seldom recognized for what they are: measuring instruments. In this paper, many measurement tools, present in the literature, are critically evaluated at the light of metrology concepts and rules. With no claim of being exhaustive, the paper (i) investigates if and how deeply such tools have been validated in accordance to measurement theory, and (ii) tries to evaluate (if possible) their measurement properties. The intention is to take advantage of knowledge available in a recognized discipline such as metrology and to propose criteria and indicators taken from such discipline to improve the quality of measurements performed in evaluation of dependability attributes.
2D Human Pose Estimation: New Benchmark and State of the Art Analysis

Human pose estimation has made significant progress during the last years. However current datasets are limited in their coverage of the overall pose estimation challenges. Still these serve as the common sources to evaluate, train and compare different models on. In this paper we introduce a novel benchmark "MPII Human Pose" that makes a significant advance in terms of diversity and difficulty, a contribution that we feel is required for future developments in human body models. This comprehensive dataset was collected using an established taxonomy of over 800 human activities [1]. The collected images cover a wider variety of human activities than previous datasets including various recreational, occupational and householding activities, and capture people from a wider range of viewpoints. We provide a rich set of labels including positions of body joints, full 3D torso and head orientation, occlusion labels for joints and body parts, and activity labels. For each image we provide adjacent video frames to facilitate the use of motion information. Given these rich annotations we perform a detailed analysis of leading human pose estimation approaches and gaining insights for the success and failures of these methods.
The role of benzodiazepines in breathlessness: a single site, open label pilot of sustained release morphine together with clonazepam.

BACKGROUND
Breathlessness at rest or on minimal exertion despite optimal treatment of underlying cause(s) is distressing and prevalent. Opioids can reduce the intensity of chronic refractory breathlessness and an anxiolytic may be of benefit. This pilot aimed to determine the safety and feasibility of conducting a phase III study on the intensity of breathlessness by adding regular benzodiazepine to low-dose opioid.


METHODS
This is a single site, open label phase II study of the addition of regular clonazepam 0.5 mg nocte orally to Kapanol(R) 10 mg (sustained release morphine sulphate) orally mane together with docusate/sennosides in people with modified Medical Research Council Scale ≥2. Breathlessness intensity on day four was the efficacy outcome. Participants could extend for another 10 days if they achieved >15% reduction over their own baseline breathlessness intensity.


RESULTS
Eleven people had trial medication (eight males, median age 78 years (68 to 89); all had COPD; median Karnofsky 70 (50 to 80); six were on long-term home oxygen. Ten people completed day four. One person withdrew because of unsteadiness on day four. Five participants reached the 15% reduction, but only three went on to the extension study, all completing without toxicity.


CONCLUSION
This study was safe, feasible and there appears to be a group who derive benefits comparable to titrated opioids. Given the widespread use of benzodiazepines for the symptomatic treatment of chronic refractory breathlessness and its poor evidence base, there is justification for a definitive phase III study.
Oral misoprostol versus intramuscular oxytocin in the active management of the third stage of labour.

INTRODUCTION
Although the third stage of labour is usually uneventful, several significant complications may be encountered that may lead to maternal morbidity and mortality, especially primary postpartum haemorrhage. The objective of this study was to compare 400 ug oral misoprostol with 10 IU intramuscular oxytocin in the active management of the third stage of labour.


METHODS
This was a prospective randomised controlled clinical trial in which 200 parturients at term who had vaginal delivery were randomly assigned into two groups: oral misoprostol and intramuscular oxytocin, after the delivery of the baby and the clamping of the umbilical cord. The primary outcome was the incidence of primary postpartum haemorrhage. Secondary outcomes included a drop in haemoglobin concentration 48 hours after delivery, the need for extra oxytocics, duration of the third stage of labour and side effects of the oxytocics. These results were subjected to statistical analysis using chi-square test or student's t-test.


RESULTS
No occurrence of primary postpartum haemorrhage or significant difference in the drop in haemoglobin concentration levels was reported after delivery (p-value is 0.49), and no significant differences were observed in other secondary outcome measures with the exception of nausea, which occurred solely in the misoprostol group (4 percent, p-value is 0.04).


CONCLUSION
Oral misoprostol appeared to be as effective and as safe as intramuscular oxytocin in the active management of the third stage of labour.
Issues in Cloud Computing

s Cloud computing moved away from personal computers and the individual enterprise application server to services provided by the cloud of computers. The emergence of cloud computing has made a tremendous impact on the Information Technology (IT) industry over the past few years. Currently IT industry needs Cloud computing services to provide best opportunities to real world. Cloud computing is in initial stages, with many issues still to be addressed. The objective of this paper is to explore the different issues of cloud computing and identify important research opportunities in this increasingly important area. We present different design challenges categorized under security challenges, Data Challenges, Performance challenges and other Design Challenges. GJCST Classification : C.1.4, C.2.1 Research Issues in Cloud Computing Strictly as per the compliance and regulations of: Research Issues in Cloud Computing V. Krishna Reddy , B. Thirumala Rao , Dr. L.S.S. Reddy , P. Sai Kiran ABSTRACT : Cloud computing moved away from personal computers and the individual enterprise application server to services provided by the cloud of computers. The emergence of cloud computing has made a tremendous impact on the Information Technology (IT) industry over the past few years. Currently IT industry needs Cloud computing services to provide best opportunities to real world. Cloud computing is in initial stages, with many issues still to be addressed. The objective of this paper is to explore the different issues of cloud computing and identify important research opportunities in this increasingly important area. We present different design challenges categorized under security challenges, Data Challenges, Performance challenges and other Design Challenges. Cloud computing moved away from personal computers and the individual enterprise application server to services provided by the cloud of computers. The emergence of cloud computing has made a tremendous impact on the Information Technology (IT) industry over the past few years. Currently IT industry needs Cloud computing services to provide best opportunities to real world. Cloud computing is in initial stages, with many issues still to be addressed. The objective of this paper is to explore the different issues of cloud computing and identify important research opportunities in this increasingly important area. We present different design challenges categorized under security challenges, Data Challenges, Performance challenges and other Design Challenges.
Inductive completion with retracts

SummaryIn this paper we give countably infinitely many extensions of Huet and Hullot's inductive completion procedure. Also we try and throw some light on the problem of functions which are only partially defined by some set of rewrite rules. We also give a procedure which attempts to show that two derived F-algebras are isomorphic when both of the algebras are realised as retracts.
Process Transformation: Limitations to Radical Organizational Change within Public Service Organizations

This paper draws on a study of the implementation of business process reengineering (BPR) in a UK National Health Service (NHS) hospital to examine the challenge of effecting a transformatory shift to a new form of process organization in a large and complex public service organization. The paper’s theoretical and empirical interests go beyond BPR by bringing together literatures about organizational transformation, new organizational forms and the new public management (NPM) in a novel way. Data reveal important limits to intended organizational transformation and develop findings about sedimented rather than transformational change and the limitations of radical top-down change strategies in professionalized public service organizations. Within the domain of public service organizations, the paper also advances a new argument about why intended moves to post-NPM forms may remain contained in scope.
Intravenous aminophylline in patients admitted to hospital with non-acidotic exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: a prospective randomised controlled trial.

BACKGROUND
Intravenous aminophylline is commonly used in the treatment of exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), despite limited evidence for its efficacy and known risks of toxicity. We hypothesised that adding intravenous aminophylline to conventional treatment would not produce clinically important changes in the speed of spirometric or symptomatic recovery or shorten hospital stay in patients with exacerbations of COPD.


METHODS
Eighty patients admitted to hospital with non-acidotic exacerbations of COPD were recruited at admission to a randomised, double blind, placebo controlled study comparing intravenous aminophylline 0.5 mg/kg/hour after an appropriate loading dose with an equivalent volume of 0.9% saline. The primary outcome was the change in post-bronchodilator forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV(1)) over the first 5 days of the admission. Secondary end points were changes in self-reported breathlessness, arterial blood gas tensions, forced vital capacity (FVC), and length of hospital stay.


RESULTS
There was no difference in the post-bronchodilator FEV(1) over the first 5 days between the aminophylline and placebo groups. In the aminophylline group, 2 hours of treatment produced a small but significant rise in arterial pH (p = 0.001) and a fall in arterial carbon dioxide tension (p = 0.01) compared with placebo treatment. There were no differences in the severity of breathlessness, post-bronchodilator FVC, or length of hospital stay between the groups. Nausea was a more frequent side effect in the aminophylline group (46% v 22%; p<0.05), but palpitations and headache were noted equally in both groups.


CONCLUSIONS
Although intravenous aminophylline produced small improvements in acid-base balance, these did not influence the subsequent clinical course. No evidence was found for any clinically important additional effect of aminophylline treatment when used with high dose nebulised bronchodilators and oral corticosteroids. Given its known toxicity, we cannot therefore recommend the use of intravenous aminophylline in the treatment of non-acidotic COPD exacerbations.
Semantic Similarity from Natural Language and Ontology Analysis

TOTHE SECONDEDITION In recent years, online social networking has revolutionized interpersonal communication. The newer research on language analysis in social media has been increasingly focusing on the latter’s impact on our daily lives, both on a personal and a professional level. Natural language processing (NLP) is one of the most promising avenues for social media data processing. It is a scientific challenge to develop powerful methods and algorithms which extract relevant information from a large volume of data coming from multiple sources and languages in various formats or in free form. We discuss the challenges in analyzing social media texts in contrast with traditional documents. Research methods in information extraction, automatic categorization and clustering, automatic summarization and indexing, and statistical machine translation need to be adapted to a new kind of data. This book reviews the current research on NLP tools and methods for processing the non-traditional information from social media data that is available in large amounts (big data), and shows how innovative NLP approaches can integrate appropriate linguistic information in various fields such as social media monitoring, healthcare, business intelligence, industry, marketing, and security and defence. We review the existing evaluation metrics for NLP and social media applications, and the new efforts in evaluation campaigns or shared tasks on new datasets collected from social media. Such tasks are organized by the Association for Computational Linguistics (such as SemEval tasks) or by the National Institute of Standards and Technology via the Text REtrieval Conference (TREC) and the Text Analysis Conference (TAC). In the concluding chapter, we discuss the importance of this dynamic discipline and its great potential for NLP in the coming decade, in the context of changes in mobile technology, cloud computing, virtual reality, and social networking. In this second edition, we have added information about recent progress in the tasks and applications presented in the first edition.We discuss newmethods and their results.The number of research projects and publications that use social media data is constantly increasing due to continuously growing amounts of social media data and the need to automatically process them. We have added 85 new references to the more than 300 references from the first edition. Besides updating each section, we have added a new application (digital marketing) to the section on media monitoring and we have augmented the section on healthcare applications with an extended discussion of recent research on detecting signs of mental illness from social media.
Magnetic Treatment of Irrigation Water and its Effect on Water Salinity

Abstract. The influence of magnetic field on the structure of water and aqueous solutions are similar and can alter the physical and chemical properties of water-dispersed systems. With the application of magnetic field, hydration of salt ions and other impurities slides down and improve the possible technological characteristics of the water. Magnetic field can enhance the characteristic of water i.e. better salt solubility, kinetic changes in salt crystallization, accelerated coagulation, etc. Gulf countries are facing critical problem due to depletion of water resources and increasing food demands to cover the human needs; therefore water shortage is being increasingly accepted as a major limitation for increased agricultural production and food security. In arid and semiarid regions sustainable agricultural development is influenced to a great extent by water quality that might be used economically and effectively in developing agriculture programs. In the present study, the possibility of using magnetized water to desalinate the soil is accounted for the enhanced dissolving capacity of the magnetized water. Magnetic field has been applied to treat brackish water. The study showed that the impact of magnetic field on saline water is sustained up to three hours (with and without shaking). These results suggest that even low magnetic field can decrease the electrical conductivity and total dissolved solids which are good for the removal of salinity from the irrigated land by using magnetized water.
Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor trandolapril does not affect C-reactive protein levels in myocardial infarction patients.

Trandolapril Does Not Affect C-Reactive Protein Levels in Myocardial Infarction Patients To the Editor: Recently, Wang et al1 reported a direct effect of C-reactive protein (CRP) on the angiotensin system. Their findings add to the accumulating evidence that CRP is not only an indirect risk marker for cardiovascular disease but also causally contributes to the precipitation of the disease. An association between CRP and the angiotensin system also raises the question of what the effect is of angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors on CRP, given that the ACE inhibitors are often used after coronary events. We studied the effect of the ACE inhibitor, trandolapril, on CRP levels in 80 patients who participated in the TRAndolapril Cardiac Evaluation (TRACE) study,2 randomized to treatment (0.5 mg daily) or placebo. Citrated blood was collected from these patients during hospitalization after a myocardial infarction but before randomization, and after 1, 3, 6, 9, and 12 months of treatment. CRP was measured in the plasma using a highsensitivity enzyme immunoassay with polyclonal antibodies to human CRP as catching and tagging antibodies (Dako). The effect of treatment on CRP was analyzed using repeatedmeasures ANOVA on logarithmically transformed CRP levels. CRP levels were elevated after the myocardial infarction (geometric mean at randomization, 34.1 mg/L [coefficient of variation {CV}, 1.36]) and had returned to normal levels after 1 month, both in the treated group and in the placebo group (2.50 mg/L [CV 1.20] and 3.20 mg/L [CV 1.53], respectively; NS). The levels were not significantly different at any time point during the treatment period. The results of our study suggest that the association between CRP and the angiotensin system does not include lowering of CRP by ACE inhibitors but may be limited to an effect of CRP on angiotensin I receptor expression as reported by Wang et al.1 In conclusion, CRP levels after a myocardial infarction and the beneficial effect of ACE-inhibitor treatment of patients after a myocardial infarction do not seem to include a reduction of levels of the inflammatory marker CRP.