LLukas22/scidocs huggingface dataset:
RFID based mobiles: Next generation applications

The boom of RFID usage -especially in logistics-has taken down the prices of RFID components and therefore opened also possibilities for other business fields to benefit the advantages of RFID. The technology for radio frequency identification (RFID) enables data to be transmitted by a tiny portable device, called a tag, which is read by an RFID reader and processed according to the needs of a particular application. It is only recently that the technology has begun to take off in the mass market. RFID applications in mobile phone business have not yet been deployed in other that small scale, but the discussion around this topic has been really started. Analysts predict that RFID will revolutionize areas of industry, such as supply chain management and the retail business, for example by reducing costs with better stock management. As the components for RFID-systems — tags and readers — have become smaller and cheaper, the technology has begun to take-off, in a variety of different areas This paper focuses on the applications of RFID technology in mobile telecommunication services. Many experts see RFID as an enabler for ubiquitous computing — the integration of computation into the environment: any device, anytime, anywhere. Reservation could be as simple as holding your phone close (less than 20 centimeters) to a poster or advertising billboard. RFID enabled mobile phones could be a first step in this direction. The combination of mobile phones and RFID technologies promises great potential in the market for mobile telecommunication services, which is discussed in this paper.
Simultaneous Real-Time Detection of Motor Imagery and Error-Related Potentials for Improved BCI Accuracy

Brain-computer interfaces (BCIs), as any other interaction modality based on physiological signals and body channels (e.g., muscular activity, speech and gestures), are prone to errors in the recognition of subject’s intent. An elegant approach to improve the accuracy of BCIs consists of a verification procedure directly based on the presence of error-related potentials (ErrP) in the EEG recorded right after the occurrence of an error. Two healthy volunteer subjects with little prior BCI experience participated in a real-time human-robot interaction experiment where they were asked to mentally move a cursor towards a target that can be reached within a few steps using motor imagery. These experiments confirm the previously reported presence of a new kind of ErrP. These “Interaction ErrP” exhibit a first sharp negative peak followed by a positive peak and a second broader negative peak (∼270, ∼330 and ∼430 ms after the feedback, respectively). The objective of the present study was to simultaneously detect erroneous responses of the interface and classifying motor imagery at the level of single trials in a real-time system. We have achieved online an average recognition rate of correct and erroneous single trials of 84.7% and 78.8%, respectively. The off-line post-analysis showed that the BCI error rate without the integration of ErrP detection is around 30% for both subjects. However, when integrating ErrP detection, the average online error rate drops to 7%, multiplying the bit rate by more than 3. These results show that it’s possible to simultaneously extract in real-time useful information for mental control to operate a brain-actuated device as well as correlates of cognitive states such as error-related potentials to improve the quality of the brain-computer interaction.
Robot Dynamics: Equations and Algorithms

This paper reviews some of the accomplishments in the field of robot dynamics research, from the development of the recursive Newton-Euler algorithm to the present day. Equations and algorithms are given for the most important dynamics computations, expressed in a common notation to facilitate their presentation and comparison.
Neurosurgical emergency transfers to academic centers in Cook County: a prospective multicenter study.

OBJECTIVE
The absence of surgical subspecialty emergency care in the United States is a growing public health concern. Neurosurgery is a field lacking coverage in many areas of the country; however, this is generally thought to be of greater concern in rural areas. Because of decreasing numbers of neurosurgeons, medical malpractice, and liability concerns, neurosurgery coverage is becoming a public health crisis in urban areas. Our objective was to quantify neurosurgical emergency transfers to academic medical centers in Cook County, IL, including patient demographics, reasons for transfer, time lapse in transfer, and effects on patient condition.


METHODS
Data on neurosurgery emergency transfers was gathered prospectively by all five of the academic neurosurgery departments in Cook County, IL, over a 2-month period. Patient demographics devoid of identifiers, diagnosis, transfer origin, time lapse of transfer, and patient condition at the time of transfer and at the receiving hospital were recorded.


RESULTS
Two-hundred thirty emergent neurosurgical transfers occurred during the study period. The most common diagnoses were parenchymal intracerebral hemorrhage (33%) and subarachnoid hemorrhage (28%). Sixty-six percent of neurosurgical transfers to academic medical facilities originated at hospitals without full-time neurosurgery coverage. The mean time to transfer for all patients was 5 hours 10 minutes (standard deviation, 3 h 42 min; range, 1-20 h 12 min). A decline in Glasgow Coma Scale score was seen in 29 patients. A shortage of neurosurgical intensive care unit beds occurred on 55% of the days in the study. Only 19% of the emergency cases were related to cranial trauma, and only 3% of transfers came from Level 1 trauma centers.


CONCLUSION
A combination of factors has led to decreases in availability of neurosurgical coverage in Cook County community hospital emergency departments. This has placed an increased burden on neurosurgical departments at academic centers, and, in some cases, delays led to a decline in patient condition. Eighty-one percent of the cases were not related to cranial trauma; thus, acute care trauma surgeons would be of little use. Coordinated efforts among local governments, medical centers, and emergency medical services to regionalize subspecialty services will be necessary to manage this problem.
The Diabetes Excess Weight Loss (DEWL) Trial: a randomised controlled trial of high-protein versus high-carbohydrate diets over 2 years in type 2 diabetes

To compare the effectiveness of low-fat high-protein and low-fat high-carbohydrate dietary advice on weight loss, using group-based interventions, among overweight people with type 2 diabetes. Multicentre parallel (1:1) design, blinded randomised controlled trial. Individuals with type 2 diabetes aged 30–75 years and a BMI >27 kg/m2 were randomised, by an independent statistician using sequentially numbered sealed envelopes, to be prescribed either a low-fat high-protein (30% of energy as protein, 40% as carbohydrate, 30% as fat) or a low-fat high-carbohydrate (15% of energy as protein, 55% as carbohydrate, 30% as fat) diet. Participants attended 18 group sessions over 12 months. Primary outcomes were change in weight and waist circumference assessed at baseline, 6 and 12 months. Secondary outcomes were body fatness, glycaemic control, lipid profile, blood pressure and renal function. A further assessment was undertaken 12 months after the intervention. Research assessors remained blinded to group allocation throughout. Intention-to-treat analysis was performed. A total of 419 participants were enrolled (mean ± SD age 58 ± 9.5 years, BMI 36.6 ± 6.5 kg/m2 and HbA1c 8.1 ± 1.2% (65 mmol/mol)). The study was completed by 70% (294/419). No differences between groups were found in change in weight or waist circumference during the intervention phase or the 12-month follow-up. Both groups had lost weight (2–3 kg, p < 0.001) and reduced their waist circumference (2–3 cm, p < 0.001) by 12 months and largely maintained this weight loss for the following 12 months. By 6 months, the difference in self-reported dietary protein between groups was small (1.1% total energy; p < 0.001). No significant differences between groups were found in secondary outcomes: body fatness, HbA1c, lipids, blood pressure and renal function. There were no important adverse effects. In a ‘real-world’ setting, prescription of an energy-reduced low-fat diet, with either increased protein or carbohydrate, results in similar modest losses in weight and waist circumference over 2 years. Australia New Zealand Clinical Trials Register ACTRN12606000490572 The Health Research Council of New Zealand (06/337).
Evidence on feasibility and effective use of mHealth strategies by frontline health workers in developing countries: systematic review*

OBJECTIVES
Given the large-scale adoption and deployment of mobile phones by health services and frontline health workers (FHW), we aimed to review and synthesise the evidence on the feasibility and effectiveness of mobile-based services for healthcare delivery.


METHODS
Five databases - MEDLINE, EMBASE, Global Health, Google Scholar and Scopus - were systematically searched for relevant peer-reviewed articles published between 2000 and 2013. Data were extracted and synthesised across three themes as follows: feasibility of use of mobile tools by FHWs, training required for adoption of mobile tools and effectiveness of such interventions.


RESULTS
Forty-two studies were included in this review. With adequate training, FHWs were able to use mobile phones to enhance various aspects of their work activities. Training of FHWs to use mobile phones for healthcare delivery ranged from a few hours to about 1 week. Five key thematic areas for the use of mobile phones by FHWs were identified as follows: data collection and reporting, training and decision support, emergency referrals, work planning through alerts and reminders, and improved supervision of and communication between healthcare workers. Findings suggest that mobile based data collection improves promptness of data collection, reduces error rates and improves data completeness. Two methodologically robust studies suggest that regular access to health information via SMS or mobile-based decision-support systems may improve the adherence of the FHWs to treatment algorithms. The evidence on the effectiveness of the other approaches was largely descriptive and inconclusive.


CONCLUSIONS
Use of mHealth strategies by FHWs might offer some promising approaches to improving healthcare delivery; however, the evidence on the effectiveness of such strategies on healthcare outcomes is insufficient.
System design of a miniaturized distributed occulter/telescope for direct imaging of star vicinity

The Space Rendezvous Laboratory (SLAB) at Stanford is investigating the feasibility of a miniaturized distributed occulter/telescope system (mDOT) to directly image exozodiacal dust and Jovian exoplanets. The mDOT mission relies on formation flying in Earth orbit and promises a drastic decrease of the expected mission cost compared to large scale missions, such as NWO and Exo-S (NASA). The preliminary system design of mDOT, described in this paper, is complemented by concurrent novel studies of optimal formation dynamics and diffractive optics design. mDOT consists of a microsatellite carrying a 1 meter radius petal shaped occulter at a distance of 500 km from a 6U CubeSat carrying a 10 cm diameter aperture telescope designed to image at short visible and ultraviolet wavelengths. Following a systems analysis, based on the definition of mission requirements and a survey of CubeSat capabilities, the telescope spacecraft provides 80 days of operation with 50 W solar cells, 31 m/s of delta-v capability using cold gas thrusters. Together with ad-hoc relative metrology instruments, these are used for lateral alignment with the occulter spacecraft at 15 cm position control accuracy. The goal of the mDOT mission is to prove that a space telescope with an external star occulter can be miniaturized, greatly reducing the mission cost and complexity. As shown in this paper, the proposed mission has the capability to directly image the vicinity of nearby stars and, at the same time, prove that miniaturized space systems are capable of executing complex missions. mDOT can serve as a first-of-a-kind precursor, paving the way for larger missions with higher scientific return.
The Ernst equation and ergosurfaces

We show that analytic solutions of the Ernst equation with a non-empty zero-level set of lead to smooth ergosurfaces in spacetime. In fact, the spacetime metric is smooth near an 'Ernst ergosurface' Ef if, and only if, is smooth near Ef and does not have zeros of infinite order there.
Hypertension as a Risk Factor for Haemorrhagic Stroke in Females.

AIM
To study the effect of hypertension as a risk factor for haemorrhagic stroke in women compared to men.


METHOD
Confirmed cases of haemorrhagic stroke by Computed Tomography scan were included in this study. The participants underwent detailed clinical examination based on preset questionnaire. Relevant laboratory investigations were done in this group. 100 consecutive cases were studied comparing the baseline characteristics with male patients admitted with haemorrhagic stroke.


OBSERVATIONS
Among all the risk factors studied hypertension was the single most important risk factor causing intracerebral bleed. Forty seven point four percentage (47.4%) of females were hypertensive as against 61% in males. Blood pressure recording of females showed lower systolic and diastolic measurement compared to males and the difference was statistically significant with a p value of 0.000. Majority of the female patients were overweight with a significant difference in body mass index compared to males. (p value 0.006).


CONCLUSION
Hypertension is an important risk factor for intracerebral bleed. Females developed intracerebral bleed at a lower blood pressure measurement compared to males. Females require better control of hypertension than males to prevent intracerebral bleed.
Summarization Approach for Unstructured Customer Reviews in the field of E-commerce A Comparative Analysis

Due to the large amounts of text data being generated and organizations increased rapidly with the availability of Big Data platforms, there is no enough time to read and understand each document and make decisions based on document contents. Hence, there is a great demand for summarizing text documents to provide a representative substitute for the original documents. Text summarization is the task of reducing a text document with help of a computer program in order to create a summary that keeps the most important points of the original document. It is not easy task for people to manually summarize large documents of text data. There are two methods to summarize a text data 1) extractive summarization and 2) abstractive summarization. An extractive summarization method selects important sentence, content etc. from the original text data and combined them into shorter form. An abstractive summarization method understand the original text data and re-telling it in fewer words to generate summary. Popularity and growth of E-commerce has led to the creation of several websites that market and sell products as well as allow customer to post reviews and that reviews about a product grows rapidly. The number of reviews can be more than hundreds or thousands for a particular product. So it is difficult for a potential customer to take decision about products by reading all reviews manually and if he reads only a few of those reviews, then he may get a biased and confused view about the product. Product reviews are written by persons is not in structured form, natural language text; the process of summarizing them is one challenge and has a great commercial importance. With a feature-based summary, a current customer can easily see what other customer feels about product and can take decision. For a maker of a product, it is possible to combine summaries from multiple web sources to produce a single report for each product. In this paper, we present a survey and Comparative Analysis of Text Summarization Approach for Unstructured Customer Reviews in the field of E-commerce. Keywords— Text Mining, Text summarization, Product Review, Information Retrieval, E-commerce, opinion analysis.
Are There Universal Aspects in the Structure and Contents of Human Values

This article presents a theory of potentially universal aspects in the content of human values. Ten types of values are distinguished by their motivational goals. The theory also postulates a structure of relations among the value types, based on the conflicts and compatibilities experienced when pursuing them. This structure permits one to relate systems of value priorities, as an integrated whole, to other variables. A new values instrument, based on the theory and suitable for cross-cultural research, is described. Evidence relevant for assessing the theory, from 97 samples in 44 countries, is summarized. Relations of this approach to Rokeach’s work on values and to other theories and research on value dimen-
Artificial Intelligence and its Role in Near Future

AI technology has long history which is actively and constantly changing and growing. It focuses on intelligent agents, which contains devices that perceives environment and based on which takes actions in order to maximize goal success chances. In this paper, we will explain the modern AI basics and various representative applications of AI. In context of modern digitalized world, Artificial Intelligence (AI) is the property of machines, computer programs and systems to perform the intellectual and creative functions of a person, independently find ways to solve problems, be able to draw conclusions and make decisions. Most artificial intelligence systems have the ability to learn, which allows people to improve their performance over time. The recent research on AI tools, including machine learning, deep learning and predictive analysis intended toward increasing the planning, learning, reasoning, thinking and action taking ability [1]. Based on which, the proposed research intended towards exploring on how the human intelligence differs from the artificial intelligence [2]. In addition, on how and in what way, the current artificial intelligence is clever than the human beings. Moreover, we critically analyze what the state-of-the art AI of today is capable of doing, why it still cannot reach human level intelligence and what are the open challenges existing in front of AI to reach and outperform human level of intelligence. Furthermore, it will explore the future predictions for artificial intelligence and based on which potential solution will be recommended to solve it within
Constituent quarks, diquarks and the N − Δ mass splitting

Abstract We analyze hadron as well as quark and diquark correlation functions in Landau gauge in order to extract information on the spin dependence of the quark-quark interaction. We find evidence that the N − Δ mass splitting can be attributed to the spin dependence of the interaction between quarks in a colour anti-triplet state with spin 0 and 1, respectively. The lightest excitations are observed in the S = 0 channel. However, no evidence for a deeply bound diquark state is found.
Metal atom synthesis of metalloborane clusters

The reaction of cobalt atoms with pentaborane-(9) and cyclopentadiene has been studied and found to give a variety of new metalloborane clusters, of which two examples, B5H5Co3(η-C5H5)3 and cyclopentyl-B5H4Co3(η-C5H5)3, are presented.
On Tail Dependence Matrices - The Realization Problem for Parametric Families

Among bivariate tail dependence measures, the tail dependence coefficient has emerged as the popular choice. Akin to the correlation matrix, a multivariate dependence measure is constructed using these bivariate measures, and this is referred to in the literature as the tail dependence matrix (TDM). While the problem of determining whether a given d× d matrix is a correlation matrix is of the order O(d3) in complexity, determining if a matrix is a TDM (the realization problem) is believed to be non-polynomial in complexity. Using a linear programming (LP) formulation, we show that the combinatorial structure of the constraints is related to the intractable max-cut problem in a weighted graph. This connection provides an avenue for constructing parametric classes admitting a polynomial in d algorithm for determining membership in its constraint polytope. The complexity of the general realization problem is justifiably of much theoretical interest. Since in practice one resorts to lower dimensional parametrization of the TDMs, we posit that it is rather the complexity of the realization problem restricted to parametric classes of TDMs, and algorithms for it, that are more practically relevant. In this paper, we show how the inherent symmetry and sparsity in a parametrization can be exploited to achieve a significant reduction in the LP formulation, which can lead to polynomial complexity of such realization problems some parametrizations even resulting in the constraint polytope being independent of d. We also explore the use of a probabilistic viewpoint on TDMs to derive the constraint polytopes.
Distribution characteristics and potential ecological risk assessment of heavy metals (Cu, Pb, Zn, Cd) in water and sediments from Lake Dalinouer, China.

The concentrations of Cu, Pb, Zn and Cd were measured in water and sediment to determine their distribution characteristics and potential ecological risks of the Lake Dalinouer. The results revealed that the dominate form of Cu, Pb, Cd and Zn in surface sediments respectively were organic sulfides, Fe-Mn oxides, carbonates and Fe-Mn oxides, with a mean content of 4.28mgkg(-1), 0.76mgkg(-1), 7.84μgkg(-1) and 1.77mgkg(-1), respectively; the concentrations of bio-available metals had an increase tendency from the northeast to the southwest part of this lake. Acid volatile sulfides (AVS) and simultaneously extracted metal (SEM) were used to predict the potential bioavailability of heavy metals. The horizontal distribution of AVS (0.15-2.4μmolg(-1), mean 0.53μmolg(-1)) in surface sediments shows an increasing trend from southwest to northeast of the lake, whereas SEM (0.02-0.99μmolg(-1), mean 0.37μmolg(-1)) had an opposite pattern. The relative high salt and pH which restrained the bioactivities of sulfate-reducing bacteria (SRB) were the main controlling factor in AVS concentrations. The vertical variation of AVS concentration in sediment core increased with depth and different from SEM. Potential ecological risk index (PERI) and geo-accumulation index (Igeo) were used to assess heavy metals accumulation. The results indicated that moderate contamination of most heavy metals was prevalent and presented a decreased trend from southern to northern of the lake, and element Cd emerged the greatest potential ecological risk. The pollution of heavy metal in the southern of the Lake Dalinouer should be taken into consideration seriously.