LLukas22/scidocs huggingface dataset:
Motivations to Participate in Riparian Improvement Programs: Applying the Theory of Planned Behavior

Corbett / RIPARIAN IMPROVEMENT PROGRAMS This study utilized the theory of planned behavior, a model of attitudinal factors related to behavioral intention, to investigate the lack of participation in government-sponsored programs to conserve riparian areas. A telephone survey of 209 rural landowners whose property abutted a waterway revealed that financial motivations, past behaviors, exposure to government information, and self-efficacy predicted 29 percent of the variance in intent to participate in future conservation programs. The findings suggest that external constraints and social barriers (such as financial variables) are important moderators of perceived behavioral control and deserve closer scrutiny.
On value and value co-creation : A service systems and service logic perspective

r 200 3 lmaden. Summary The creation of value is the core purpose and central process of economic exchange. Traditional models of value creation focus on the firm’s output and price. We present an alternative perspective, one representing the intersection of two growing streams of thought, service science and service-dominant (S-D) logic. We take the view that (1) service, the application of competences (such as knowledge and skills) by one party for the benefit of another, is the underlying basis of exchange; (2) the proper unit of analysis for service-for-service exchange is the service system, which is a configuration of resources (including people, information, and technology) connected to other systems by value propositions; and (3) service science is the study of service systems and of the cocreation of value within complex configurations of resources. We argue that value is fundamentally derived and determined in use – the integration and application of resources in a specific context – rather than in exchange – embedded in firm output and captured by price. Service systems interact through mutual service exchange relationships, improving the adaptability and survivability of all service systems engaged in exchange, by allowing integration of resources that are mutually beneficial. This argument has implications for advancing service science by identifying research questions regarding configurations and processes of value co-creation and measurements of value-in-use, and by developing its ties with economics and other service-oriented disciplines. 2008 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Fe(3)O(4)@Au/polyaniline multifunctional nanocomposites: their preparation and optical, electrical and magnetic properties.

Fe(3)O(4)@Au/polyaniline (PANI) nanocomposites were fabricated by in situ polymerization in the presence of mercaptocarboxylic acid. The mercaptocarboxylic acid was used to introduce hydrogen bonding and/or electrostatic interaction; it acts as a template in the formation of Fe(3)O(4)@Au/PANI nanorods. The morphology and structure of the resulting nanocomposites were analyzed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, x-ray diffraction and x-ray energy dispersion spectroscopy (EDS). It was found that the nanocomposites were rod-like with an average diameter of 153 nm, and they exhibited a core-shell structure. A UV-visible spectrometer, semiconductor parameter analyzer and vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM) were used to characterize the optical, electrical and magnetic properties of the Fe(3)O(4)@Au/PANI nanocomposites. It was interesting to find that these properties are dependent on the molar ratio of Au to Fe(3)O(4) when the molar ratio of Fe(3)O(4)@Au to PANI is fixed. The magnetic property of the Fe(3)O(4)@Au/PANI nanocomposite is very close to superparamagnetic behavior.
Search for new neutral bosons at future colliders

Presented at the XIX International Conference on Theoretical Physics "Particle Physics and Astrophysics in the Standard Model and Beyond", Bystra, Poland, september 19-26, 1995.
The neuroprotective effects of GLP-1: Possible treatments for cognitive deficits in individuals with mood disorders

Incretins are a group of gastrointestinal hormones detected both peripherally and in the central nervous system (CNS). Recent studies have documented multiple effects of incretins on brain structure and function. Research into the neurological effects of incretins has primarily focused on animal models of neurodegenerative disorders (e.g., Alzheimer's Disease, Huntington's and Parkinson's diseases). Mood disorders (e.g. bipolar disorder (BD), major depressive disorder (MDD)) are associated with similar alterations in brain structure and function, as well as a range of cognitive deficits (e.g. memory, learning, executive function). Brain abnormalities and cognitive deficits are also found in populations with metabolic disorders (e.g., diabetes mellitus Type 2). In addition, individuals with mood disorders often have co-morbid metabolic conditions, thus treatment strategies which can effectively treat both cognitive deficits and metabolic abnormalities represent a possible integrated treatment avenue. In particular, glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) and its more stable, longer-lasting analogues have been demonstrated to exert neuroprotective and anti-apoptotic effects, reduce beta-amyloid (Aβ) plaque accumulation, modulate long-term potentiation and synaptic plasticity, and promote differentiation of neuronal progenitor cells. In animal models of behaviour, treatment with GLP-1 receptor agonists has been demonstrated to improve measures of cognitive function including learning and memory, as well as reduce depressive behaviour. Available GLP-1 treatments also have a favourable metabolic profile which includes weight loss and reduced risk for hypoglycemia. Systematic evaluation of the effects of GLP-1 treatment in psychiatric populations who evince cognitive deficits represents a promising treatment avenue.
A yoga intervention for type 2 diabetes risk reduction: a pilot randomized controlled trial

BACKGROUND
Type 2 diabetes is a major health problem in many countries including India. Yoga may be an effective type 2 diabetes prevention strategy in India, particularly given its cultural familiarity.


METHODS
This was a parallel, randomized controlled pilot study to collect feasibility and preliminary efficacy data on yoga for diabetes risk factors among people at high risk of diabetes. Primary outcomes included: changes in BMI, waist circumference, fasting blood glucose, postprandial blood glucose, insulin, insulin resistance, blood pressure, and cholesterol. We also looked at measures of psychological well-being including changes in depression, anxiety, positive and negative affect and perceived stress. Forty-one participants with elevated fasting blood glucose in Bangalore, India were randomized to either yoga (n = 21) or a walking control (n = 20). Participants were asked to either attend yoga classes or complete monitored walking 3-6 days per week for eight weeks. Randomization and allocation was performed using computer-generated random numbers and group assignments delivered in sealed, opaque envelopes generated by off-site study staff. Data were analyzed based on intention to treat.


RESULTS
This study was feasible in terms of recruitment, retention and adherence. In addition, yoga participants had significantly greater reductions in weight, waist circumference and BMI versus control (weight -0.8 ± 2.1 vs. 1.4 ± 3.6, p = 0.02; waist circumference -4.2 ± 4.8 vs. 0.7 ± 4.2, p < 0.01; BMI -0.2 ± 0.8 vs. 0.6 ± 1.6, p = 0.05). There were no between group differences in fasting blood glucose, postprandial blood glucose, insulin resistance or any other factors related to diabetes risk or psychological well-being. There were significant reductions in systolic and diastolic blood pressure, total cholesterol, anxiety, depression, negative affect and perceived stress in both the yoga intervention and walking control over the course of the study.


CONCLUSION
Among Indians with elevated fasting blood glucose, we found that participation in an 8-week yoga intervention was feasible and resulted in greater weight loss and reduction in waist circumference when compared to a walking control. Yoga offers a promising lifestyle intervention for decreasing weight-related type 2 diabetes risk factors and potentially increasing psychological well-being.


TRIAL REGISTRATION
ClinicalTrials.gov Identified NCT00090506.
Exploring SW Performance Using SoC Transaction-Level Modeling

This paper presents VISTA, a new methodology and tool dedicated to analyse system level performance by executing full-scale SW application code on a transaction-level model of the SoC platform. The SoC provider provides a cycle-accurate functional model of the SoC architecture using the basic SystemC Transaction Level Modeling (TLM) components provided by VISTA : bus models, memories, IPs, CPUs, and RTOS generic services. These components have been carefully designed to be integrated into a SoC design flow with an implementation path for automatic generation of IP HW interfaces and SW device drivers. The application developer can then integrate the application code onto the SoC architecture as a set of SystemC modules. VISTA supports cross-compilation on the target processor and back annotation, therefore bypassing the use of an ISS. We illustrate the features of VISTA through the design and simulation of an MPEG video decoder application.
From symmetry to supersymmetry

This text is the draft of Julius Wess' contribution to the Proceedings of SUSY07 (KIT Karlsruhe) and to "Supersymmetry at the dawn of the LHC" in Eur. Phys. J. C59/2. The manuscript, which Wess could not finish before his death, has been edited for the publication.
A universal formula based on cystatin C to perform individual dosing of carboplatin in normal weight, underweight, and obese patients.

2527 Background: It has recently been shown that it is possible to improve the prediction of carboplatin clearance by adding plasma cystatin C level (cysC), an endogenous marker of glomerular filtration rate, to the other patient characteristics routinely used for carboplatin individual dosing, namely serum creatinine (Scr), body weight (BW), age, and sex. This multi-center pharmacokinetic study was performed to evaluate prospectively the benefit of using cysC for carboplatin individual dosing.


METHODS
The 357 patients included in the study were receiving carboplatin as part of established protocols. A population pharmacokinetic analysis was performed using the NONMEM program. Seven covariates were studied: Scr, cysC, age, sex, BW, ideal body weight, and lean body mass.


RESULTS
The best covariate equation was: carboplatin clearance (mL/min) = 105. (Scr/75)-0.433. (cysC/1.00)-0.290 . (BW/65)+0.547 . (age/56)-0.351 . 0.855sex, with Scr in μmol/L, cysC in mg/L, BW in kg, age in years, and sex = 0 for male. Using an alternative weight descriptor (ideal body weight or lean body mass) did not improve the prediction. This final covariate model was validated by bootstrap analysis. The bias (mean percentage error) and imprecision (mean absolute percentage error) were +2% and 15% respectively on the total population, and were of a similar magnitude in each of the three subgroups of patients defined according to their body mass index.


CONCLUSIONS
For the first time, a unique formula is proposed for carboplatin individual dosing to patients which is shown to be equally valid for underweight, normal weight, and obese patients. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
EEG signal classification using PCA, ICA, LDA and support vector machines

0957-4174/$ see front matter 2010 Elsevier Ltd. A doi:10.1016/j.eswa.2010.06.065 * Corresponding author. Address: International B Engineering and Information Technologies, Francuske evo, 71210, Bosnia and Herzegovina. Tel.: +387 33 78 E-mail address: asubasi@ibu.edu.ba (A. Subasi). In this work, we proposed a versatile signal processing and analysis framework for Electroencephalogram (EEG). Within this framework the signals were decomposed into the frequency sub-bands using DWT and a set of statistical features was extracted from the sub-bands to represent the distribution of wavelet coefficients. Principal components analysis (PCA), independent components analysis (ICA) and linear discriminant analysis (LDA) is used to reduce the dimension of data. Then these features were used as an input to a support vector machine (SVM) with two discrete outputs: epileptic seizure or not. The performance of classification process due to different methods is presented and compared to show the excellent of classification process. These findings are presented as an example of a method for training, and testing a seizure prediction method on data from individual petit mal epileptic patients. Given the heterogeneity of epilepsy, it is likely that methods of this type will be required to configure intelligent devices for treating epilepsy to each individual’s neurophysiology prior to clinical operation. 2010 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Effect of coordination training with and without stochastic resonance stimulation on dynamic postural stability of subjects with functional ankle instability and subjects with stable ankles.

OBJECTIVE
To examine the effects of coordination training with and without stochastic resonance (SR) stimulation on dynamic postural stability.


DESIGN
Experimental with repeated measures.


SETTING
Research Laboratory.


PARTICIPANTS
Thirty subjects with functional ankle instability (FAI) and 30 healthy subjects.


INTERVENTIONS
Subjects were assigned to a conventional coordination training group, SR stimulation coordination training group, or control group. Training groups performed coordination exercises for 6 weeks. Single leg jump-landing tests were performed before training began (pretest), and then once every 2 weeks. Jump-landing tests required subjects to land on a single leg on a force plate and stabilize quickly.


MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES
Anterior/posterior (A/P) and medial/lateral (M/L) time-to-stabilization (TTS).


RESULTS
The FAI group improved their A/P TTS over their pretest by 16% (test 2), 22% (test 3), and 22% (posttest). They also improved their M/L TTS over their pretest by 16% (test 3) and 22% (posttest). Control groups did not improve their TTS (P>0.05). SR stimulation did not statistically influence TTS (P>0.05). Effect sizes (ES), however, for our 3-way interaction analyses for A/P TTS (ES=0.40) and M/L TTS (ES=0.30) suggested that SR stimulation improved the FAI group's M/L TTS after 2 weeks of training, and improved their A/P TTS and M/L TTS to a greater degree after 4 weeks than coordination training alone.


CONCLUSION
Coordination training can improve dynamic postural instabilities associated with FAI. SR stimulation might be an alternative therapy for FAI, as this stimulation might improve dynamic postural stability more quickly and to a greater extent than coordination training without SR stimulation.
Inhaled fluticasone furoate/vilanterol does not affect hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis function in adolescent and adult asthma: randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled study

INTRODUCTION
Fluticasone furoate (FF) is a novel inhaled corticosteroid with 24-h activity. FF is in development as a once-daily treatment for asthma as monotherapy and in combination with vilanterol (VI), a long-acting β2 agonist. Corticosteroids can have systemic effects on hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis function, potentially resulting in cortisol suppression.


OBJECTIVES
To assess the effect of FF/VI compared with placebo on the HPA axis by evaluating 24-h weighted mean serum cortisol levels in adolescent and adult patients with persistent asthma.


METHODS
One hundred eighty-five patients with >12 weeks history of asthma were randomised in a 4:4:4:1 ratio to one of two once-daily FF/VI treatments (100/25 μg or 200/25 μg), placebo or an active control group that received inhaled placebo plus one prednisolone 10 mg capsule daily for the last 7 days of the study. Twenty-four-hour serum and urinary cortisol was measured at baseline and on day 42.


RESULTS
Non-inferiority in 24-h weighted mean serum cortisol after 6 weeks of treatment with once-daily FF/VI at either strength was shown. Treatment ratios [95% confidence interval (CI)] to placebo for FF/VI 100/25 μg [0.99 (0.87-1.12)] or FF/VI 200/25 μg [0.97 (0.86-1.10)] indicated non-inferiority of both FF/VI doses to placebo as the lower limit of the 95% CI was greater than the predefined 0.8. Prednisolone substantially reduced 24-h weighted mean serum cortisol [treatment ratio to placebo 0.34 (0.28-0.41)]. FF/VI was well-tolerated, and no safety concerns were identified.


CONCLUSIONS
FF/VI was found to be non-inferior to placebo on HPA axis function, with no indication of significant cortisol suppression after 42 days.
Compliance at night with low flow oxygen therapy: a comparison of nasal cannulae and Venturi face masks.

BACKGROUND
The factors that influence nocturnal compliance among patients prescribed low flow oxygen therapy were determined and tolerance of nasal cannulae and Venturi face masks compared.


METHODS
Two studies were performed: (1) a prospective study of 99 hospitalised patients prescribed low flow oxygen therapy, 49 on nasal cannulae and 50 on Venturi face mask; and (2) a prospective study of 20 separate patients with an acute respiratory disorder requiring low flow oxygen therapy who were given nasal cannulae and Venturi face mask on successive nights in random order.


RESULTS
In study 1, 49 patients dislodged their device at least once during the night. Those using Venturi face masks and those over 75 years of age had the most dislodgements. In study 2 patients also dislodged Venturi face masks more frequently (mean (SD) 2.0 (2.4)) than nasal cannulae (0.7 (1.4)). Most patients expressed a preference for nasal cannulae.


CONCLUSIONS
Nocturnal tolerance of nasal cannulae is superior to Venturi face masks, and this factor should be considered when choosing the method of oxygen delivery.
Feeding preterm infants today for later metabolic and cardiovascular outcomes.

Preterm birth continues to contribute disproportionately to neonatal morbidity and subsequent physical and neurodevelopmental disabilities. Epidemiologic studies have described additional long-term health consequences of preterm birth such as an increased risk of hypertension and insulin resistance in adult life. It is not known whether the influence of infant and childhood growth rates and early nutrition on long-term outcomes is the same or different among preterm infants and neonates with intrauterine growth restriction. Our goal is to review the effects of fetal growth, postnatal growth, and early nutrition on long-term cardiovascular and metabolic outcomes in preterm infants. Present evidence suggests that even brief periods of relative undernutrition during a sensitive period of development have significant adverse effects on later development. Our review suggests that growth between birth and expected term and 12-18 months post-term has no significant effect on later blood pressure and metabolic syndrome, whereas reduced growth during hospitalization significantly impacts later neurodevelopment. In contrast, growth during late infancy and childhood appears to be a major determinant of later metabolic and cardiovascular well being, which suggests that nutritional interventions during this period are worthy of more study. Our review also highlights the paucity of well-designed, controlled studies in preterm infants of the effects of nutrition during hospitalization and after discharge on development, the risk of developing hypertension, or insulin resistance.
Exploring the relationships between trait emotional intelligence and objective socio-emotional outcomes in childhood.

BACKGROUND
Trait emotional intelligence (trait EI or trait emotional self-efficacy) is a constellation of emotion-related self-perceptions and dispositions located at the lower levels of personality hierarchies. This paper examines the validity of this construct, as operationalized by the Trait Emotional Intelligence Questionnaire-Child Form (TEIQue-CF), in primary schoolchildren.


AIMS
The main aim was to examine the construct validity of trait EI in middle and late childhood by exploring its relationships with cognitive ability, emotion perception, and social behaviour.


SAMPLE
The sample comprised 140 children aged between 8 and 12 years (M=9.26 years, SD=1.00 year; 63 girls) from two English state primary schools.


METHOD
Pupils completed the TEIQue-CF, the standard progressive matrices (SPM), the guess who peer assessment, the social skills training (SST) test, and the assessment of children's emotion skills (ACES) during formal class periods. The procedure took approximately two hours with a short break between assessments.


RESULTS
Trait EI scores were positively related both to peer-rated prosocial behaviour and to overall peer competence. They also predicted emotion perception accuracy beyond overall peer competence. As hypothesized in trait EI theory, the construct was unrelated to IQ (Raven's matrices) and academic performance.


CONCLUSIONS
Trait EI is successfully operationalized through the TEIQue-CF and has important and multifaceted implications for the socialization of primary schoolchildren.
Long-term efficacy and safety of once-daily nevirapine in combination with tenofovir and emtricitabine in the treatment of HIV-infected patients: a 72-week prospective multicenter study (TENOR-Trial)

BACKGROUND
There is an unmet medical need for simplified antiretroviral therapy regimens to improve patient's compliance and quality of life. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of a once-daily regimen with Tenofovir (TDF), Emtricitabine (FTC) and Nevirapine (NVP) for adult patients with HIV-1 infection.


METHODS
70 patients were enrolled in a prospective, multicenter, non-randomized, single arm, open-label cohort study. Patients were either naive or had problems with their current ART and needed to be changed to another regimen. Daily drug dosage was 300 mg Tenofovir, 200mg Emtricitabine and 400 mg Nevirapine once daily. Follow-up was performed over 72 weeks.


RESULTS
After 72 weeks, the regimen was still continued by 52 patients (74,3%). Of these, 44 patients (84,6%) had a viral load below detection limit. The median viral load had decreased by 2,5 log and the median CD4 cell count had increased by 44,8%. Most side-effects occurred at an early stage during the study. Resistances were rare (only two resistances were considered as newly developed) and occurred rather late during the study.


CONCLUSION
A once-daily regimen of Tenofovir, Emtricitabine and Nevirapine is an attractive treatment option since it is safe, effective, and well tolerated.
Peyronie's disease in men under age 40: characteristics and outcome

Peyronie's disease is most commonly seen in the fifth decade of life. However, a wide range of age (20–83 y) is reported. During a 6-year period, men with Peyronie's disease presenting under the age of 40 were reviewed retrospectively and followed-up. The prevalence of Peyronie's patients presenting under age 40 was 8.2%. Their mean age was 32.47±5.37 (range: 23–39) y and 78.9% of them presented during the acute phase of the disease. Pain on erection was a part of presenting symptom complex in 52.6% and the majority (84%) had a degree of penile curvature <60°. Erectile dysfunction (ED) was present in 21% of patients, who responded well to intracavernous injection test. After a minimal 2-year follow-up, improvement in penile deformity was observed in 36.8%, and 42.1% had stable disease while 21% experienced deterioration of the penile curvature. The onset of Peyronie's disease is clinically more noisy and acute in patients presenting under age 40 and this forces the physicians to treat them more vigorously.