LLukas22/scidocs huggingface dataset:
The Superficial Precoagulation, Sealing, and Transection Method: A “Bloodless” and “Ecofriendly” Laparoscopic Liver Transection Technique

BACKGROUND
Minimizing blood loss is an important aspect of laparoscopic liver resection. Liver transection is the most challenging part of liver resection, but no standard method is available for this step at present. Herein, we have introduced the superficial precoagulation, sealing, and transection (SPST) method, a potentially "bloodless" and "ecofriendly" laparoscopic liver transection technique involving reusable devices: the VIO soft-coagulation system; VIO BiClamp (bipolar electrosurgical coagulation); Olympus SonoSurg (ultrasonic surgical system); and CUSA (ultrasonic aspirator). Furthermore, we have reported the short-term outcomes of laparoscopic liver transection with the SPST method.


METHODS
The study included 14 consecutive patients who underwent laparoscopic partial liver resection with the SPST method at a single institution between August 2008 and June 2010.


RESULTS
The median operative time was 201 minutes (range, 97 to 332 min) and the median blood loss was 5 mL (range, 5 to 250 mL). There was no requirement for blood transfusion, no intraoperative complications, and no cases of conversion to open laparotomy. There were no liver transection-related complications such as postoperative bile leakage, bleeding, or infection. All surgical margins were negative, with a mean margin of 4.6 mm, and no local recurrence was observed at an average follow-up of 37.6 months.


CONCLUSIONS
The SPST method is a simple, efficient, and cost-effective surgical technique for laparoscopic liver resection. It is associated with low intraoperative blood loss and good short-term outcomes. We recommend that the SPST method should be used as a standard technique for laparoscopic liver transection (Supplemental Digital Content 1, http://links.lww.com/SLE/A103).
Multiband Loop Handset Antenna With Less Ground Clearance

In this letter, a loop antenna for multiband handset applications is proposed and investigated. The ground clearance required for the proposed antenna structure is relatively small in comparison to that of a conventional planar inverted-F antenna (PIFA) or a monopole with an antenna height of 0.013λo. The specific antenna geometry favors current large-display smartphones. The antenna radiates at three different modes, which cover GSM850/900/1800/1900/UMTS. An additional short on the loop controls high-frequency resonances.
Autofluorescence bronchoscopy with white light bronchoscopy compared with white light bronchoscopy alone for the detection of precancerous lesions: a European randomised controlled multicentre trial.

BACKGROUND
The potential of autofluorescence bronchoscopy (AFB) to detect precancerous lesions in the central airways and its role in lung cancer screening is uncertain. A study was undertaken to evaluate the prevalence of moderate/severe dysplasia (dysplasia II-III) and carcinoma in situ (CIS) using a newly developed AFB system in comparison with conventional white light bronchoscopy (WLB) alone.


METHODS
In a prospective randomised multicentre trial, smokers > or = 40 years of age (> or = 20 pack-years) were stratified into four different risk groups and investigated with either WLB+AFB (arm A) or WLB alone (arm B).


RESULTS
1173 patients (916 men) of mean age 58.7 years were included. Overall (arms A and B), preinvasive lesions (dysplasia II-III and CIS) were detected in 3.9% of the patients. The prevalence of patients with preinvasive lesions in the WLB arm was 2.7% compared with 5.1% in the WLB+AFB arm (p = 0.037). For patients with dysplasia II-III, WLB+AFB increased the detection rate by a factor of 2.1 (p = 0.03), while for CIS the factor was only 1.24 (p = 0.75). The biopsy based sensitivity of WLB alone and WLB+AFB for detecting dysplasia II-III and CIS was 57.9% compared with 82.3% (1.42-fold increase). The corresponding specificity was 62.1% compared with 58.4% (0.94-fold decrease).


CONCLUSIONS
This first randomised study of AFB showed that the combination of WLB+AFB was significantly superior to WLB alone in detecting preneoplastic lesions. Our findings do not support the general use of AFB as a screening tool for lung cancer, but suggest that it may be of use in certain groups. The precise indications await further study.
Use trust management module to achieve effective security mechanisms in cloud environment

Security and interoperability is the biggest challenge to promote cloud computing currently. Trust has proved to be one of the most important and effective alternative means to construct security in distributed systems. In order to efficiently and safely construct entities' trust relationship in cloud and cross-clouds environment, this paper proposed a novel cloud trust model and a new cloud security framework. The propose trust model is domain-based. It divides one cloud provider's resource nodes into the same trust domain. It designs different trust strategies for different roles. Trust recommendation is treated as one type of cloud services just like computation or storage. Based on the proposed trust model, it introduced a novel cloud security framework with an independent trust management module. Using the proposed security model, it introduced some trust-based security mechanisms. Results of simulation experiments show that the proposed security model can achieve high transaction success rate with high trust accuracy.
Construction d'un Web s emantique multi-points de vue

In this thesis, we study problems of heterogeneity and consensus in a corporate semantic Web. In the semantic Web, an extension of the current Web, information is given well-defined meaning so that machines and agents can « understand » and process them automatically, in order to facilitate the end-user tasks. A corporate semantic Web is a semantic Web dedicated to an enterprise or an organization. The objective of this thesis is to allow the construction and the exploitation of such semantic Web, in a heterogeneous organization comprising various sources of knowledge and various user categories, without eliminating heterogeneity but by making heterogeneity and consensus cohabit in the whole organization. In the first part, we study thoroughly the ontology heterogeneity problem. Ontology is one of the most important fundamental elements in the semantic Web. Several different ontologies can coexist in a heterogeneous organization. To facilitate information exchange where information is encoded by various ontologies, we study algorithms allowing to align already existing ontologies. The proposed algorithms enable to align ontologies represented in different ontology languages recommended by W3C for the semantic Web: RDF(S) and OWL. These algorithms are evaluated through alignment tool evaluation campaigns. In the second part, we are interested in the problem of building new ontologies in a heterogeneous organization by taking into account different viewpoints, different terminologies of various users, groups or even communities in the organization. Such ontology, called multi-viewpoint ontology, enables to have both heterogeneity and consensus co-exist in a heterogeneous organization. We propose a multi-viewpoint knowledge representation model, called MVP, and a multi-viewpoint ontology language, called MVP-OWL, which is an extension of the ontology language OWL, to allow the construction and the exploitation of the multi-viewpoint ontology in a corporate semantic Web.
Research Guides: Human Geography: Urban Geography

This guide highlights the resources for Human Geography, the study of human settlements in their places.
Insulin sensitivity and lipid profile in prolactinoma patients before and after normalization of prolactin by dopamine agonist therapy

Hyperprolactinemia has been associated with impaired metabolism, including insulin resistance. However, the metabolic effects of elevated prolactin (PRL) levels are not completely clarified. The aim of this study was to obtain more insights of metabolic consequences in hyperprolactinemia patients. Fourteen consecutive patients, eight women and six men, aged 39.7 (±13.7) years with prolactinomas (median PRL 72 [49–131] μg/L in women and 1,260 [123–9,600] μg/L in men) were included. Anthropometric data and metabolic values were studied before and after 2 and 6 months on DA agonists (Bromocriptine [5.7 (±3.9) mg/day, n = 13] or Cabergoline [0.5 mg/week, n = 1]). Euglycemic hyperinsulinemic clamps were studied in six patients before and after 6 months of treatment. PRL normalized in all patients. Anthropometric data changed only in males with a significant decrease of median body weight (95.6 [80.7–110.1] to 83.4 [77.8–99.1] kg, P = 0.046), waist circumference and fat percentage after 6 months. LDL cholesterol was positively correlated to PRL at diagnosis (r = 0.62, P = 0.025) and decreased within 2 months (3.4 [±0.9] to 2.9 [±0.6] mmol/L, P = 0.003). Insulin, IGFBP-1 and total adiponectin levels did not change. Insulin sensitivity tended to improve after 6 months; M-value from 5.7 (±1.8) to 7.8 (±2.6) mg/kg/min, P = 0.083 and per cent improvement in M-value was correlated to per cent reduction in PRL levels (r = −0.85, P = 0.034). In conclusion, beneficial metabolic changes were seen in prolactinoma patients after treatment with DA agonists, underscoring the importance of an active treatment approach and to consider the metabolic profile in the clinical management of hyperprolactinemia patients.
Association of inducible nitric oxide synthase with asthma severity, total serum immunoglobulin E and blood eosinophil levels.

BACKGROUND
Nitric oxide is released by immune, epithelial and endothelial cells, and plays an important part in the pathophysiology of asthma.


OBJECTIVE
To investigate the association of inducible nitric oxide synthases (iNOS) gene repeat polymorphisms with asthma.


METHODS
230 families with asthma (842 individuals) were recruited to identify and establish the genetic association of iNOS repeats with asthma and associated phenotypes. Serum nitric oxide levels in selected individuals were measured and correlated with specific genotypes. Multiple logistic regression analysis was performed to determine the effect of age and sex.


RESULTS
A total of four repeats-a (CCTTT)n promoter repeat, a novel intron 2 (GT)n repeat (BV680047), an intron 4 (GT)n repeat (AFM311ZB1) and an intron 5 (CA)n repeat (D17S1878)-were identified and genotyped. A significant transmission distortion to the probands with asthma was seen for allele 3 of the AFM311ZB1 gene (p = 0.006). This allele was also found to be significantly associated with percentage blood eosinophils (p < 0.001) and asthma severity (p = 0.04). Moreover, it was functionally correlated with high serum nitric oxide levels (p = 0.006). Similarly, the promoter repeat was found to be associated with serum total immunoglobulin (Ig)E (p = 0.028). Individuals carrying allele 4 of this repeat have high serum IgE (p < 0.001) and nitric oxide levels (p = 0.03).


CONCLUSION
This is the first study to identify the repeat polymorphisms in the iNOS gene that are associated with severity of asthma and eosinophils. The functional relevance of the associated alleles with serum nitric oxide levels was also shown. Therefore, these results could be valuable in elucidating the role of nitric oxide in asthma pathogenesis.
Robust extraction of lane markings using gradient angle histograms and directional signed edges

In this paper, we propose novel block-based techniques for robust extraction of lane marking edges in complex scenarios, such as in the presence of shadows, vehicles, other road markings etc. The techniques are based on the properties of lane markings and involve a two-stage processing: (1) generation of customized edge maps using histograms of gradient angles, and (2) directional signed edges in combination with Hough Transform to identify lane markings. It is shown that the proposed techniques show a detection accuracy of as high as 98% on test data collected on real road scenarios, representing the various complex cases.
Predicting outcome in traumatic brain injury: development of a novel computerized tomography classification system (Helsinki computerized tomography score).

BACKGROUND
Early computerized tomography (CT) abnormalities are important predictors of outcome after traumatic brain injury (TBI).


OBJECTIVE
To develop a novel CT scoring system (Helsinki CT score) and to compare it with the Marshall CT classification and the Rotterdam CT score in predicting long-term outcome of patients with TBI.


METHODS
Eight hundred sixty-nine consecutive TBI patients were included in this open-cohort, retrospective, single-center study. Logistic regression was used to develop the Helsinki CT score. The scores from the Marshall, Rotterdam, and Helsinki CT scoring methods were added to a clinical model based on age, motor score, and pupils to evaluate their value in predicting outcome. Internal validity was assessed by a bootstrap technique and expressed as area under the curve (AUC). Outcome was 6-month unfavorable neurological outcome and mortality.


RESULTS
Variables included in the Helsinki CT score were bleeding type and size, intraventricular hemorrhage, and suprasellar cisterns. In the present data set, the performance of the Helsinki CT score was superior to that of the Marshall CT and Rotterdam CT scores (AUC, 0.74-0.75 vs 0.63-0.70; P < .001). Addition of the Helsinki CT score modestly increased prognostic performance of the clinical model (AUC neurological outcome +0.02 [P = .002]; AUC mortality, +0.01 [P = .21]). In contrast, the Marshall and Rotterdam CT scores were of no additional predictive value to the clinical model (P > .05).


CONCLUSION
Use of the novel Helsinki CT score improved outcome prediction accuracy, and the Helsinki CT score is a feasible alternative to the Rotterdam and Marshall CT systems. External validation of the Helsinki CT score is advocated to show generalizability.
Conflict between Traditionalism and Rationalism: A Problem with Samkara

INSOFAR AS his Commentary on the Brahma Sfztra goes, Sarikara was not a rationalistic philosopher who, disregarding tradition and carrying on speculation freely and independently, set forth his own argument. He claimed, through and through, to be a faithful expositor of the purport of the scripture (authoritative texts). For him, the Veda was of utmost significance' and of absolute authority.2 Any part of the Veda can be an authority; no part can fail to be an authority." The Veda is absolute concerning what it says; it does not depend on anything else; it is like the sun which shines throughout the universe.4 (Actually, the Vedic texts which he cited were mostly the older Upanisads.) The authority of the Veda is higher than that of the gods. It is by means of the Veda that even the gods are brought to spiritual liberation.5 The Veda was not composed by men; it is authoritative in the sense of being self-revealing; it does not rely on any source.'
Beneficial effects of a probiotic VSL#3 on parameters of liver dysfunction in chronic liver diseases.

OBJECTIVES
To evaluate whether chronic therapy with probiotics affects plasma levels of cytokines and oxidative/nitrosative stress parameters, as well as liver damage, in patients with various types of chronic liver disease.


PATIENTS AND METHODS
A total of 22 nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and 20 alcoholic liver cirrhosis (AC) patients were enrolled in the study and compared with 36 HCV-positive patients with chronic hepatitis without (20, CH) or with (16, CC) liver cirrhosis. All patients were treated with the probiotic VSL#3. Routine liver tests, plasma levels of tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha), interleukin (IL)-6 and -10, malondialdehyde (MDA), and 4-hydroxynonenal (4-HNE), S-nitrosothiols (S-NO), were evaluated on days -30, 0, 90, and 120.


RESULTS
Treatment with VSL#3 exerted different effects in the various groups of patients: in NAFLD and AC groups, it significantly improved plasma levels of MDA and 4-HNE, whereas cytokines (TNF-alpha, IL-6, and IL-10) improved only in AC patients. No such effects were observed in HCV patients. Routine liver damage tests and plasma S-NO levels were improved at the end of treatment in all groups.


CONCLUSIONS
Results of the study suggest that manipulation of intestinal flora should be taken into consideration as possible adjunctive therapy in some types of chronic liver disease.
Using word2vec to Build a Simple Ontology Learning System

Ontology learning has been an important research area in the Semantic Web field in the last 20 years. Ontology learning systems generate domain models from data (typically text) using a combination of sophisticated methods. In this poster, we study the use of Google’s word2vec to emulate a simple ontology learning system, and compare the results to an existing “traditional” ontology learning system.
Global-Local Face Upsampling Network

Face hallucination, which is the task of generating a highresolution face image from a low-resolution input image, is a well-studied problem that is useful in widespread application areas. Face hallucination is particularly challenging when the input face resolution is very low (e.g., 10×12 pixels) and/or the image is captured in an uncontrolled setting with large pose and illumination variations. In this paper, we revisit the algorithm introduced in [1] and present a deep interpretation of this framework that achieves state-of-the-art under such challenging scenarios. In our deep network architecture the global and local constraints that define a face can be efficiently modeled and learned end-to-end using training data. Conceptually our network design can be partitioned into two sub-networks: the first one implements the holistic face reconstruction according to global constraints, and the second one enhances face-specific details and enforces local patch statistics. We optimize the deep network using a new loss function for super-resolution that combines reconstruction error with a learned face quality measure in adversarial setting, producing improved visual results. We conduct extensive experiments in both controlled and uncontrolled setups and show that our algorithm improves the state of the art both numerically and visually.
Interpolation of orientation distribution functions in diffusion weighted imaging using multi-tensor model

BACKGROUND
Diffusion weighted imaging (DWI) is a non-invasive method for investigating the brain white matter structure and can be used to evaluate fiber bundles. However, due to practical constraints, DWI data acquired in clinics are low resolution.


NEW METHOD
This paper proposes a method for interpolation of orientation distribution functions (ODFs). To this end, fuzzy clustering is applied to segment ODFs based on the principal diffusion directions (PDDs). Next, a cluster is modeled by a tensor so that an ODF is represented by a mixture of tensors. For interpolation, each tensor is rotated separately.


RESULTS
The method is applied on the synthetic and real DWI data of control and epileptic subjects. Both experiments illustrate capability of the method in increasing spatial resolution of the data in the ODF field properly. The real dataset show that the method is capable of reliable identification of differences between temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) patients and normal subjects.


COMPARISON WITH EXISTING METHODS
The method is compared to existing methods. Comparison studies show that the proposed method generates smaller angular errors relative to the existing methods. Another advantage of the method is that it does not require an iterative algorithm to find the tensors.


CONCLUSIONS
The proposed method is appropriate for increasing resolution in the ODF field and can be applied to clinical data to improve evaluation of white matter fibers in the brain.
The valve-in-valve technique for treatment of aortic bioprosthesis malposition an analysis of incidence and 1-year clinical outcomes from the italian CoreValve registry.

OBJECTIVES
We appraised the incidence and clinical outcomes of patients who were treated with the valve-in-valve (ViV) technique for hemodynamically destabilizing paraprosthetic leak (PPL).


BACKGROUND
Device malpositioning causing severe PPL after transcatheter aortic valve implantation is not an uncommon finding. It occurs after release of the prosthesis, leading to hemodynamic compromise. It can be managed successfully in selected cases with implantation of a second device inside the malpositioned primary prosthesis (ViV technique).


METHODS
Consecutive patients (n = 663) who underwent transcatheter aortic valve implantation with the 18-F CoreValve ReValving System (Medtronic, Inc., Minneapolis, Minnesota) at 14 centers across Italy were included in this prospective web-based registry. We identified patients treated with the ViV technique for severe PPL and analyzed their clinical and echocardiographic outcomes. Primary end points were major adverse cerebrovascular and cardiac events and prosthesis performance at the 30-day and midterm follow-up.


RESULTS
Overall procedural success was obtained in 650 patients (98.0%). The ViV technique was used in 24 (3.6%) of 663 patients. The 30-day major adverse cerebrovascular and cardiac event rates were 7.0% and 0% in patients undergoing the standard procedure and ViV technique, respectively (p = 0.185); the mortality rates were 5.6% versus 0% in patients undergoing the standard procedure and ViV technique, respectively (p = 0.238). There was an improvement in the mean transaortic gradient in all patients without significant difference between the 2 groups (from 52.1 ± 17.1 mm Hg and 45.4 ± 14.8 mm Hg [p = 0.060] to 10.1 ± 4.2 mm Hg and 10.5 ± 5.2 mm Hg, respectively [p = 0.838]). At 12 months, the major adverse cerebrovascular and cardiac event rates in the standard procedure and ViV technique groups were 4.5% and 14.1%, respectively (p = 0.158), and the mortality rates were 4.5% versus 13.7%, respectively (p = 0.230).


CONCLUSIONS
This large, multicenter registry provides important information about the feasibility, safety, and efficacy of the ViV technique with the third-generation CoreValve ReValving System. The clinical and echocardiographic end points compare favorably with those of patients undergoing the standard procedure. The ViV technique offers a viable therapeutic option in patients with acute significant PPL without recourse to emergent surgery.
Investigation and improvement of multi-layer perception neural networks for credit scoring

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1 Integration of Data Mining Clustering Approach with 2 the Personalized E-Learning System 3

Educational data-mining is an evolving discipline that focuses on the improvement of 10 self-learning and adaptive methods. It is used for finding hidden patterns or intrinsic structures of 11 educational data. In the arena of education, the heterogeneous data is involved and continuously 12 growing in the paradigm of big-data. To extract meaningful information adaptively from big 13 educational data, some specific data mining techniques are needed. This paper presents a 14 clustering approach to partition students into different groups or clusters based on their learning 15 behavior. Furthermore, personalized e-learning system architecture is also presented which detects 16 and responds teaching contents according to the students’ learning capabilities. The primary 17 objective includes the discovery of optimal settings, in which learners can improve their learning 18 capabilities. Moreover, the administration can find essential hidden patterns to bring the effective 19 reforms in the existing system. The clustering methods K-Means, K-Medoids, Density-based 20 Spatial Clustering of Applications with Noise, Agglomerative Hierarchical Cluster Tree and 21 Clustering by Fast Search and Finding of Density Peaks via Heat Diffusion (CFSFDP − HD) are 22 analyzed using educational data mining. It is observed that more robust results can be achieved by 23 the replacement of existing methods with CFSFDP-HD. The data mining techniques are equally 24 effective to analyze the big data to make education systems vigorous. 25