LLukas22/scidocs huggingface dataset:
Analyzing the Applications of Customer Lifetime Value (CLV) based on Benefit Segmentation for the Banking Sector

Segmentation is central to marketing strategy because different customer groups imply the need for different marketing mixes. The technique of segmenting a market also reveals profit opportunities and strategic matter for new competitors to challenge established market leaders. As a market develops, new segments open up and older ones tend to decline. So, achieving a reliable and valid approach to segment the market for any activity-based markets is necessary. This study aims to understand a good approach to segment the market namely benefit segmentation based on customer lifetime value. Benefit segmentation is an approach to market segmentation whereby it is possible to identify market segments by causal factors rather than descriptive factors. On the other hand a valuable tool for measuring the real values of customers is customer lifetime value or CLV. The more a marketing paradigm evolves, the more long-term relationship with customers gains its importance. CLV aims to measure a just real value of customers of special part of market. Thus CLV is a basic valuable tool to understanding the benefits segmentation strategy. This paper aims to propose a framework to measure the value of each segment of customers based on the CLV calculation with focus on banking sector.
Logistic regression analysis on the determinants of stillbirth in Ethiopia

BACKGROUND
Stillbirth is often defined as fetal death after 24 weeks of gestation, but a fetus greater than any combination of 16, 20, 22, 24, or 28 weeks gestational age and 350 g, 400 g, 500 g, or 1000 g birth weight may be considered stillborn depending on local law. Once the fetus has died, the mother may or may not have contractions and undergo childbirth or in some cases, a Caesarean section. Most stillbirths occur in full-term pregnancies.


METHODS
This study has intended to model determinants of experiencing stillbirth among women in child bearing age group of Ethiopia using the Ethiopian demographic and health Survey data (EDHS, 2011). First, the bivariate chi-square test of association was fitted to the data and significant variables were considered for further investigation binary logistic regression models were fitted.


RESULTS
This study revealed that the rate of experiencing stillbirth among women of child bearing age was about 25.5 per 1000 deliveries in Ethiopia. From binary logistic regression, region of residence, maternal age, place of residence, education level, parity, antenatal care utilization, place of delivery, body mass index (BMI) and anemia level were found to be significantly associated with experiencing stillbirth.


CONCLUSIONS
Researchers should use multilevel models than traditional regression methods when their data structure is hierarchical as like in Ethiopian Demographic and Health Survey data.
A video game for cyber security training and awareness

Although many of the concepts included in cyber security awareness training are universal, such training often must be tailored to address the policies and requirements of a particular organization. In addition, many forms of training fail because they are rote and do not require users to think about and apply security concepts. A flexible, highly interactive video game, CyberCIEGE, is described as a security awareness tool that can support organizational security training objectives while engaging typical users in an engaging security adventure. The game is now being successfully utilized for information assurance education and training by a variety of organizations. Preliminary results indicate the game can also be an effective addition to basic information awareness training programs for general computer users (e.g., annual awareness training.) a 2006 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Development, validation and utilisation of food-frequency questionnaires - a review.

OBJECTIVE
The purpose of this review is to provide guidance on the development, validation and use of food-frequency questionnaires (FFQs) for different study designs. It does not include any recommendations about the most appropriate method for dietary assessment (e.g. food-frequency questionnaire versus weighed record).


METHODS
A comprehensive search of electronic databases was carried out for publications from 1980 to 1999. Findings from the review were then commented upon and added to by a group of international experts.


RESULTS
Recommendations have been developed to aid in the design, validation and use of FFQs. Specific details of each of these areas are discussed in the text.


CONCLUSIONS
FFQs are being used in a variety of ways and different study designs. There is no gold standard for directly assessing the validity of FFQs. Nevertheless, the outcome of this review should help those wishing to develop or adapt an FFQ to validate it for its intended use.
A gold nanoshell with a silica inner shell synthesized using liposome templates for doxorubicin loading and near-infrared photothermal therapy

Gold (Au) nanoshells with solid silica cores have great potential for cancer photothermal therapy. However, this nanostructure cannot carry enough drugs. Here, we report a Au nanoshell with a hollow silica core for drug loading and cancer therapy. The silica shells were synthesized using nanoliposome templates, and then Au nanoshells were grown on the outer surface of the silica shells. Transmission-electron and scanning-electron microscopy showed that the Au nanoshells were successfully fabricated, and that the liposome/SiO(2)/Au core-shell nanocomposites were spherical with a narrow size distribution. Images of several broken spheres, and the fact that hollow templates (liposomes) were used, suggest that the fabricated Au nanoshells were hollow. After doxorubicin (DOX) was incorporated into liposome/SiO(2)/Au, the DOX-loaded Au nanoshells killed cancer cells with high therapeutic efficacy when irradiated with near-infrared light, suggesting that the Au nanoshells delivered both DOX chemotherapy and photothermal therapy with a synergistic effect.
MARCHING TO THE BEAT OF DIFFERENT DRUMMERS : THE INFLUENCE OF INSTITUTIONAL OWNERS ON COMPETITIVE ACTIONS

This research extends agency theory by exploring the influence of varied, competing, principal interests on executive actions. Findings reveal that ownership of a firm by dedicated institutional investors, who hold concentrated portfolios over time, is positively associated with firm use of strategic competitive actions. Ownership by transient institutional investors, who hold broad portfolios and make frequent trades based on current earnings, is negatively associated with strategic competitive actions and positively associated with tactical ones. Appreciable ownership of the same firm by these two classes of investors influences both strategic and tactical competitive actions. These results have broad implications for executives, investors, and policy makers.
A Phase I and pharmocokinetic study of exatecan mesylate administered as a protracted 21-day infusion in patients with advanced solid malignancies.

PURPOSE
The purpose of this study was to assess the feasibility of administering exatecan, a water-soluble, potent camptothecin analogue, as a protracted 21-day continuous i.v. infusion (CIVI). The study also sought to determine the maximum tolerated dose (MTD) of exatecan on a 21-day CIVI schedule, characterize its pharmacokinetic behavior, and seek preliminary evidence of anticancer activity.


EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN
Exatecan dose-schedule development was performed in two stages using the modified Continual Reassessment Method and single patient cohorts. First, patients with advanced solid malignancies were treated with exatecan (0.15 mg/m(2)/day) as a CIVI for 5 days, and the duration of the CIVI was incrementally increased from 5 to 21 days. In the second stage of the study, the dose was incrementally increased to derive a tolerable dose of exatecan administered as 21-day CIVI. The MTD was defined for both minimally pretreated (MP) and heavily pretreated (HP) patients as the highest dose level at which the incidence of dose-limiting toxicity does not exceed 20%.


RESULTS
Thirty-one patients were treated with 100 courses of exatecan at 6 dose-schedule levels. The incidence of the principal dose-limiting toxicities, neutropenia and thrombocytopenia, was unacceptably high at exatecan doses exceeding 0.15 mg/m(2)/day as a 21-day CIVI, which was determined to be the MTD for both MP and HP patients. The pharmacokinetics of exatecan were dose-proportional, and mean [coefficient of variation (percentage) steady-state concentration (plasma concentration at steady-state)] values ranged from 6.88 (80.6) to 19.41 (74.2) ng/ml at exatecan dose levels ranging from 0.15 to 0.30 mg/m(2)/day, which are similar to IC(50) values against human tumor cell lines treated for shorter periods. Mean pharamacokinetic parameters for total exatecan derived from a compartmental model included clearance and volume of distribution values of 1.39 (86.9) liters/h/m(2) and 39.66 (197.4) liters, respectively. Two HP patients with non-small cell lung and unknown primary carcinomas had partial responses, and objective evidence of anticancer activity and clinical benefit were noted in several other individuals.


CONCLUSIONS
The administration of exatecan as a 21-day CIVI at doses as high as 0.15 mg/m(2)/day is safe and feasible for both MP and HP patients. The characteristics of the myelosuppressive effects of exatecan on this schedule, the paucity of severe nonhematological toxicities, and documented anticancer activity in several drug-refractory malignancies warrant further evaluation of the merits of administering exatecan by either a CIVI or alternate drug delivery systems to achieve protracted systemic exposure.
A Review of Control and Modulation Methods for Matrix Converters

This paper presents a review of the most popular control and modulation strategies studied for matrix converters (MCs) in the last decade. The purpose of most of these methods is to generate sinusoidal current on the input and output sides. These methods are compared considering theoretical complexity and performance. This paper concludes that the control strategy has a significant impact on the resonance of the MC input filter.
Normalization of Dutch User-Generated Content

This paper describes a phrase-based machine translation approach to normalize Dutch user-generated content (UGC). We compiled a corpus of three different social media genres (text messages, message board posts and tweets) to have a sample of this recent domain. We describe the various characteristics of this noisy text material and explain how it has been manually normalized using newly developed guidelines. For the automatic normalization task we focus on text messages, and find that a cascaded SMT system where a token-based module is followed by a translation at the character level gives the best word error rate reduction. After these initial experiments, we investigate the system’s robustness on the complete domain of UGC by testing it on the other two social media genres, and find that the cascaded approach performs best on these genres as well. To our knowledge, we deliver the first proof-of-concept system for Dutch UGC normalization, which can serve as a baseline for future work.
Use of the Triage Stroke Panel in a neurologic emergency service.

BACKGROUND
Acute stroke is associated with serum elevations of numerous markers. We evaluated the additive accuracy of the Triage Stroke Panel (D-dimer, B-natriuretic peptide, matrix metalloproteinase 9, and S-100beta) to the triaging nurse for acute stroke diagnosis.


METHODS
Consecutive patients with suspected stroke were included in this prospective, controlled, single-center study. A well-trained stroke center triage nurse assigned a probability that the patient had experienced a stroke (certain, very probable, probable, not likely, doubtful, or other); then, the Triage Stroke Panel testing was performed. Patients' diagnosis was based on clinical and imaging data by a neurologist blinded to the test results.


RESULTS
Two hundred four patients were evaluated. Confirmed strokes and transient ischemic attacks (TIAs) were observed in 131 patients. When considering an experienced stroke nurse's assessment of "other," "doubtful," or "not likely" to be negative for stroke and categorizing TIA with stroke, the stroke panel's Multimarker Index (MMX) value had identical accuracy (approximately 70%) and equivalent sensitivity (approximately 94%) and specificity (approximately 24%) for stroke diagnosis to that of the nurse. Combining nurse assessment with the MMX result significantly improved the specificity of diagnosing "mimic" vs stroke + TIA from 25.4% (nurse assessment only) to 46.0% (nurse assessment + MMX; P < .001).


CONCLUSIONS
The Triage Stroke Panel provides objective information that complements a triage nurse in the assessment of a suspected stroke patient. Its performance compares favorably with that of a well-trained stroke center triage nurse, suggesting potential use in nonexpert centers for improving the accuracy of stroke diagnosis.
Evolution of data management tools for managing self-monitoring of blood glucose results: a survey of iPhone applications.

BACKGROUND
Studies have indicated that sharing of self-monitoring of blood glucose (SMBG) data and subsequent feedback from the health care provider (HCP) can help achieve glycemic goals such as a reduction in glycated hemoglobin. Electronic SMBG data management and sharing tools for the PC and smartphones may help in reducing the effort to manage SMBG data.


METHODS
We reviewed software and top-ranking applications (Apps) for the iPhone platform to document the variety of useful features. Additionally, in an attempt to assess metrics such as task analysis and user friendliness of diabetes Apps, we observed and surveyed patients with diabetes as they recorded and relayed sample SMBG results to their hypothetical HCP using three Apps.


RESULTS
Observation and survey demonstrated that the WaveSense Diabetes Manager allowed the participants to complete preselected SMBG data entry and relay tasks faster than other Apps. The survey revealed patient behavior patterns that would be useful in future App development.


CONCLUSION
Being able to record, analyze, seamlessly share, and obtain feedback on the SMBG data using an iPhone/iTouch App might potentially benefit patients. Trends in SMBG data management and the possibility of having interoperability of blood glucose monitors and smartphones may open up new avenues of diabetes management for the technologically savvy patient.
Predicting retail banking customers ’ attitude towards Internet banking services in South Africa

11This paper investigates the predicators of retail banking customers’ attitude towards the adoption of Internet banking services in South Africa. This study extended the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) by including trust, subjective norm and demographic variables, and presents an empirical validation in South Africa. The results suggest that perceived usefulness, perceived ease of use and trust have signifi cant positive relationships with attitude, while subjective norm has a relationship with attitude, albeit a moderate relationship. Consumers’ trust of the Internet banking system emerged as the strongest predicator of their attitude, while demographic variables were found to be weak and poor predictors of customers’ attitude. Moreover, the results indicated that, even though customers are sceptical of the Internet banking system, they intend to start using/continue using the service. The managerial implications of these fi ndings on efforts aimed at increasing the adoption of Internet banking use among retail banking customers in South Africa and others operating in similar contexts are noted in this paper. This research also adds value to existing studies of Internet banking in South Africa. Moreover, it makes a contribution to the current literature on customers’ attitude towards Internet banking services, which is largely under-researched in South Africa. 12
The significance of a thickened endometrial echo in asymptomatic postmenopausal patients.

OBJECTIVE
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the significance of a thickened endometrial echo in an asymptomatic, postmenopausal patient.


STUDY DESIGN
A retrospective review was conducted of all women who underwent transvaginal ultrasonography between January 2003 and August 2008, were found to have an endometrial thickness of at least 5mm and were subjected to endometrial sampling.


RESULTS
Sixty-five postmenopausal women, without vaginal bleeding underwent ultrasonographic evaluation with subsequent endometrial sampling. The mean endometrial stripe thickness was 9.7 mm (range: 5.4-22). Four (6.2%) cases of simple/complex hyperplasia were identified and two (3.1%) cases of atypical hyperplasia were diagnosed. Zero (0%) specimens were identified as adenocarcinoma. Twenty-eight (43.1%) polyps and eleven (16.9%) leiomyomata were identified.


CONCLUSION
The use of transvaginal sonography as a screening tool in this population is not validated and need not trigger routine evaluation.
Video gameplay, personality and academic performance

The relationship between video gameplay, video game genre preference, personality, and GPA was investigated in an online correlational study with university students. In addition to administering selfreport measures of GPA and personality, we asked three different questions regarding styles of video gameplay. The first asked the average time spent playing video games per week (habitual players), the second asked the total time spent playing favorite video games (selective players), and the third asked the number of different video games played in a year (diverse players). Students who were medium in selective player style (spent 11–50 h) had significantly higher GPAs than students low on selective player style (spent 0–10 h). Students high on habitual playing style (7 or more hours a week) showed significantly lower levels of Conscientiousness compared to students low on habitual playing style (0–1 h a week). Students who were high on the diverse style (i.e., 7 or more games played a year) showed significantly higher Openness scores than students low on the diverse style (0–3 games a year). Finally, several notable relations were found between video game genre preference, GPA, and personality. Results are discussed in terms of the positive implications of video gameplay on academic performance. 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Depression is Associated with Repeat Emergency Department Visits in Patients with Non-specific Abdominal Pain

INTRODUCTION
Patients with abdominal pain often return multiple times despite no definitive diagnosis. Our objective was to determine if repeat emergency department (ED) use among patients with non-specific abdominal pain might be associated with a diagnosis of moderate to severe depressive disorder.


METHODS
We screened 987 ED patients for major depression during weekday daytime hours from June 2011 through November 2011 using a validated depression screening tool, the PHQ-9. Each subject was classified as either no depression, mild depression or moderate/severe depression based on the screening tool. Within this group, we identified 83 patients with non-specific abdominal pain by either primary or secondary diagnosis. Comparing depressed patients versus non-depressed patients, we analyzed demographic characteristics and number of prior ED visits in the past year.


RESULTS
In patients with non-specific abdominal pain, 61.9% of patients with moderate or severe depression (PHQ9≥10) had at least one visit to our ED for the same complaint within a 365-day period, as compared to 29.2% of patients with no depression (PHQ9<5), (p=0.013).


CONCLUSION
Repeat ED use among patients with non-specific abdominal pain is associated with moderate to severe depressive disorder. Patients with multiple visits for abdominal pain may benefit from targeted ED screening for depression. [West J Emerg Med. 2014;15(3):325-328.].
Deep Multi-Class Segmentation Without Ground-Truth Labels

In this paper we demonstrate that through the use of adversarial training and additional unsupervised costs it is possible to train a multi-class anatomical segmentation algorithm without any ground-truth labels for the data set to be segmented. Specifically, using labels from a different data set of the same anatomy (although potentially in a different modality) we train a model to synthesise realistic multichannel label masks from input cardiac images in both CT and MRI, through adversarial learning. However, as is to be expected, generating realistic mask images is not, on its own, sufficient for the segmentation task: the model can use the input image as a source of noise and synthesise highly realistic segmentation masks that do no necessarily correspond spatially to the input. To overcome this, we introduce additional unsupervised costs, and demonstrate that these provide sufficient further guidance to produce good segmentation results. We test our proposed method on both CT and MR data from the multi-modal whole heart segmentation challenge (MM-WHS) [1], and show the effect of our unsupervised costs on improving the segmentation results, in comparison to a variant without them.
Permanent-Magnet Machines for Distributed Power Generation: A Review

A review of permanent-magnet machines for distributed power generation is presented. Radial-flux, linear and axial-flux machine configurations are discussed with reference to generation that utilize energy resources such as wind, wave energy, and natural gas. Isolated operation and grid-connected operation are considered. Some of the authors' research work on a surface-inset permanent-magnet synchronous generator (PMSG) for autonomous power system application is also included.
High adhesion of diamond-like films achieved by the pulsed arc-discharge method

Abstract The existence of an extremely good adhesion between a silicon substrate and hard diamond-like films (sp 3 bonding 78%) prepared by the pulsed filtered arc-discharge method has been pointed out. The deposition of the films was performed at room temperature with the rate 1 μm/h. The high adhesion was achieved by pretreating the silicon surface with “high energy” (140 eV) carbon plasma ions. The compressive stress of the films arisen during the preparation process caused the silicon surface layer to peel off even to the depth of 25 μm in bulk silicon. This effect indicates difficulties in the use of thick (> 1.5 μm) diamond-like films in the applications.