LLukas22/scidocs huggingface dataset:
Focal fibrocartilaginous dysplasia (FFCD)

An otherwise healthy 15-month-old girl with normal developmental milestones was imaged for bowed legs. MRI was performed 9 months later because the condition had worsened. Plain radiographs showed medial concave bowing of the left tibia (Fig. 1). A characteristic lucent defect was present at the medial aspect of the metadiaphysis of the proximal tibia (Fig. 2). MRI showed a linear mixed signal (intermediate to low on all sequences) in the metadiaphysis of the proximal medial tibia. The diagnosis was FFCD.
Hyperbolic geometry and non-Kahler manifolds with trivial canonical bundle

We use hyperbolic geometry to construct simply-connected symplectic or complex manifolds with trivial canonical bundle and with no compatible Kähler structure. We start with the desingularisations of the quadric cone in C: the smoothing is a natural S-bundle over H, its holomorphic geometry is determined by the hyperbolic metric; the small-resolution is a natural S-bundle over H with symplectic geometry determined by the metric. Using hyperbolic geometry, we find orbifold quotients with trivial canonical bundle; smooth examples are produced via crepant resolutions. In particular, we find the first example of a simply-connected symplectic 6-manifold with c1 = 0 that does not admit a compatible Kähler structure. We also find infinitely many distinct complex structures on 2(S × S)#(S × S) with trivial canonical bundle. Finally, we explain how an analogous construction for hyperbolic manifolds in higher dimensions gives symplectic non-Kähler “Fano” manifolds of dimension 12 and higher.
Propranolol in the treatment of infantile haemangiomas: lessons from the European Propranolol In the Treatment of Complicated Haemangiomas (PITCH) Taskforce survey.

BACKGROUND
Oral propranolol is widely prescribed as first-line treatment for infantile haemangiomas (IHs). Anecdotally, prescribing practice differs widely between centres.


OBJECTIVES
The Propranolol In the Treatment of Complicated Haemangiomas (PITCH) Taskforce was founded to establish patterns of use of propranolol in IHs.


METHODS
Participating centres entered data on all of their patients who had completed treatment with oral propranolol for IHs, using an online data capture tool.


RESULTS
The study cohort comprised 1097 children from 39 centres in eight European countries. 76·1% were female and 92·8% had a focal IH, with the remainder showing a segmental, multifocal or indeterminate pattern. The main indications for treatment were periocular location (29·3%), risk of cosmetic disfigurement (21·1%) and ulceration and bleeding (20·6%). In total 69·2% of patients were titrated up to a maintenance regimen, which consisted of 2 mg kg(-1) per day (85·8%) in the majority of cases. 91·4% of patients had an excellent or good response to treatment. Rebound growth occurred in 14·1% upon stopping, of whom 53·9% were restarted and treatment response was recaptured in 91·6% of cases. While there was no significant difference in the treatment response, comparing a daily maintenance dose of < 2 mg kg(-1) vs. 2 mg kg(-1) vs. > 2 mg kg(-1) , the risk of adverse events was significantly higher: odds ratio (OR) 1 vs. adjusted OR 0·70, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0·33-1·50, P = 0·36 vs. OR 2·38, 95% CI 1·04-5·46, P = 0·04, Ptrend < 0·001.


CONCLUSIONS
The PITCH survey summarizes the use of oral propranolol across 39 European centres, in a variety of IH phases, and could be used to inform treatment guidelines and the design of an interventional study.
Building information modelling for tertiary construction education in Hong Kong

Building Information Modelling (BIM) is a thriving technology and approach for the Architecture, Engineering and Construction (AEC) Industry which facilitates, among others, the functions of planning, design, construction and operation of the project lifecycle. BIM is gradually replacing the 2D or 3D CAD technology in many parts of the world. BIM offers wider range of applications than CAD. Therefore, its learning needs are different from the learning needs of CAD. Educators around the world are contemplating with various approaches and methodologies for teaching BIM to tertiary students of the AEC disciplines enabling them to apply BIM in their future careers. These approaches are reviewed in this paper along with the initiatives being taken by the Department of Building and Real Estate (BRE) of the Hong Kong Polytechnic University (PolyU) to incorporate BIM in the construction management, building technology and quantity surveying curricula. Feedback as obtained from questionnaire surveys of students who learned BIM at BRE is analyzed and presented which highlights the knowledge they gained by learning and practicing BIM. Such an approach can be used at universities in other regions and countries and can serve as a guideline for BIM implementations.
Effectiveness of vocabulary learning via mobile phone

Whereas the penetration of mobile phones inAsian countries keeps climbing, little research has explored the application of the short message service (SMS) in second language learning. This study aims to examine the effectiveness of SMS vocabulary lessons of limited lexical information on the small screens of mobile phones. Thirty high school students were randomly distributed into two groups and given two sets of English words either on paper or through SMS messages during two weeks. Students recognized more vocabulary during the post-test after reading the regular and brief SMS lessons than they did after reading the relatively more detailed print material. Qualitative data from interviews offer information about the learning process as well as the benefits and limitations of m-learning. Results of the questionnaires show that students in general hold positive attitudes towards learning vocabulary via mobile phone. On the other hand, technological limitations, unfamiliar presentations and learning activities may prevent students from reading SMS lessons.
Local Novelty Detection in Multi-class Recognition Problems

In this paper, we propose using local learning for multiclass novelty detection, a framework that we call local novelty detection. Estimating the novelty of a new sample is an extremely challenging task due to the large variability of known object categories. The features used to judge on the novelty are often very specific for the object in the image and therefore we argue that individual novelty models for each test sample are important. Similar to human experts, it seems intuitive to first look for the most related images thus filtering out unrelated data. Afterwards, the system focuses on discovering similarities and differences to those images only. Therefore, we claim that it is beneficial to solely consider training images most similar to a test sample when deciding about its novelty. Following the principle of local learning, for each test sample a local novelty detection model is learned and evaluated. Our local novelty score turns out to be a valuable indicator for deciding whether the sample belongs to a known category from the training set or to a new, unseen one. With our local novelty detection approach, we achieve state-of-the-art performance in multi-class novelty detection on two popular visual object recognition datasets, Caltech-256 and Image Net. We further show that our framework: (i) can be successfully applied to unknown face detection using the Labeled-Faces-in-the-Wild dataset and (ii) outperforms recent work on attribute-based unfamiliar class detection in fine-grained recognition of bird species on the challenging CUB-200-2011 dataset.
Diagnostic accuracy of currently available anti-double-stranded DNA antibody assays. An Italian multicentre study.

OBJECTIVES
An Italian multicentre study was promoted in order to assess the accuracy of four anti-double-stranded DNA (dsDNA) antibody assays for SLE diagnosis and monitoring.


METHODS
Two hundred and twenty-three patients with established SLE according to ACR classification criteria were enrolled from 9 centres. They included 59 patients at first evaluation (disease duration <12 months) and 164 with longer disease duration (median disease duration 120 months). The sera from 55 healthy subjects and 161 patients with rheumatic, infectious or neoplastic diseases were tested as controls. SLE activity was measured by ECLAM score. Anti-dsDNA antibodies were detected in serum by means of FarrzymeTM assay, fluoroenzymeimmunoassay (EliATM), Crithidia luciliae indirect immunofluorescence (CLIFT) or Farr radioimmunoassay (Farr). Cut-off values of quantitative assays were chosen by ROC curves analysis. Statistics were conducted by SPSS software package.


RESULTS
Sensitivity for SLE diagnosis ranged between 66% with Farrzyme to 95% with Farr, with about 90% specificity for all the methods tested. Farrzyme assay was more specific than the others towards patients with non-SLE connective tissue disease. The four methods were moderately concordant and correlated among them, all showing a positive association with active disease, renal or haematologic involvement, and a negative association with central nervous system disease. Whatever the assay used, anti-dsDNA antibody levels correlated with disease activity with r correlation coefficients ranging from 0.336 to 0.425 (p<0.0001).


CONCLUSIONS
The diagnostic accuracy for SLE of evaluated anti-dsDNA antibody assays is comparable and potentially improvabile especially in terms of specificity. The clinical adherence of the assays confirms the value of anti-dsDNA antibody for SLE monitoring.
ROCK: A Robust Clustering Algorithm for Categorical Attributes

We study clustering algorithms for data with boolean and categorical attributes. We show that traditional clustering algorithms that use distances between points for clustering are not appropriate for boolean and categorical attributes. Instead, we propose a novel concept of links to measure the similarity/proximity between a pair of data points. We develop a robust hierarchical clustering algorithm ROCK that employs links and not distances when merging clusters. Our methods naturally extend to non-metric similarity measures that are relevant in situations where a domain expert/similarity table is the only source of knowledge. In addition to presenting detailed complexity results for ROCK, we also conduct an experimental study with real-life as well as synthetic data sets. Our study shows that ROCK not only generates better quality clusters than traditional algorithms, but also exhibits good scalability properties.
Effects of consuming foods containing oat β-glucan on blood pressure, carbohydrate metabolism and biomarkers of oxidative stress in men and women with elevated blood pressure

Objective:To assess the effects of consuming foods containing oat β-glucan on blood pressure, carbohydrate homeostasis and biomarkers of oxidative stress.Design:A randomized, double-blind, controlled clinical trial.Setting:The trial was conducted at two clinics.Subjects and interventions:Ninety-seven men and women with resting systolic blood pressure 130–179 mm Hg and/or diastolic blood pressure 85–109 mm Hg were randomly assigned to consume foods containing oat β-glucan or control foods for 12 weeks. Resting blood pressures, insulin and glucose values before and after standard breakfast meals, and four biomarkers of oxidative stress were measured before and at the end of the treatment period.Results:Changes from baseline to week 12 in mean peak insulin and incremental area under the insulin curve differed significantly between groups (P=0.037 and 0.034, respectively), with the β-glucan group showing declines and the control group remaining essentially unchanged. Blood pressure responses were not significantly different between groups overall. However, in subjects with body mass index above the median (31.5 kg/m2), both systolic (8.3 mm Hg, P=0.008) and diastolic (3.9 mm Hg, P=0.018) blood pressures were lowered in the β-glucan group compared to controls. No significant differences in biomarkers of oxidative stress were observed between treatments.Conclusions:The results of the present trial suggest beneficial effects of foods containing β-glucan from oats on carbohydrate metabolism, and on blood pressure in obese subjects.Sponsorship:Funding for this study was provided by the Quaker Oats Company.
Consanguinity and its relevance to clinical genetics

Universit g.2013.0 Abstract Consanguineous marriages have been practiced since the early existence of modern humans. Until now, consanguinity is widely practiced in several global communities with variable rates. The present study was undertaken to analyze the effect of consanguinity on different types of genetic diseases and child morbidity and mortality. Patients were grouped according to the types of genetic errors into four groups: Group I: Chromosomal and microdeletion syndromes. Group II: Single gene disorders. Group III: Multifactorial disorders. Group IV: Diseases of different etiologies. Consanguineous marriage was highly significant in 54.4% of the studied group compared to 35.3% in the control group (P < 0.05). Consanguineous marriages were represented in 31.4%, 7.1%, 0.8%, 6%, 9.1% among first cousins, one and a half cousins, double first cousins, second cousins and remote relatives respectively in the studied group. Comparison between genetic diseases with different modes of inheritance showed that recessive and multifactorial disorders had the highest values of consanguinity (78.8%, 69.8%, respectively), while chromosomal disorders had the lowest one (29.1%). Consanguineous marriage was recorded in 51.5% of our cases with autosomal dominant diseases and in 31% of cases with X linked diseases, all cases of mental retardation (100%) and in 92.6% of patients with limb anomalies (P < 0.001). Stillbirths, child deaths and recurrent abortions were significantly increased among consanguineous parents (80.6%, 80%, 67%) respectively than among non consanguineous parents. In conclusion, consanguineous marriage is significantly higher in many genetic diseases which suggests that couples may have deleterious lethal genes, inherited from common ancestor and when transmitted to their offsprings, they can lead to prenatal, neonatal, child morbidity or mortality. So public health education and genetic counseling are highly recommended in our community. 2013 Ain Shams University. Production and hosting by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
The effect of antipsychotics on the high-affinity state of D2 and D3 receptors: a positron emission tomography study With [11C]-(+)-PHNO.

CONTEXT
Most antipsychotics are thought to have an effect on D(2) and D(3) receptors. The development of carbon 11-labeled (+)-4-propyl-9-hydroxynaphthoxazine ([(11)C]-(+)-PHNO), the first agonist radioligand with higher affinity for D(3) than D(2) receptors, allows one to differentiate the effects of antipsychotics on high-affinity vs low-affinity sites of the D(2) receptor and on D(3) vs D(2) receptor subtypes.


OBJECTIVES
To examine the effects of antipsychotics (clozapine, risperidone, or olanzapine) on the high- vs high- + low-affinity sites of the D(2) and D(3) receptors by comparing the [(11)C]-(+)-PHNO and [(11)C]raclopride binding in the D(3) receptor-rich (globus pallidus and ventral striatum) and D(2) receptor-rich (caudate and putamen) regions.


DESIGN
Two sequential studies with different participants and appropriate controls were performed. The first compared the occupancy produced by 3 antipsychotics as measured with [(11)C]-(+)-PHNO and [(11)C]raclopride. The second was a double-blind, placebo-controlled experiment to compare the effect of pramipexole (a D(3) receptor-preferring agonist) vs placebo on the increased [(11)C]-(+)-PHNO signal observed in the globus pallidus of patients.


SETTING
Positron Emission Tomography Centre, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.


PARTICIPANTS
Twenty-three patients with schizophrenia and 23 healthy controls.


MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES
Antipsychotic occupancies as measured with [(11)C]-(+)-PHNO and [(11)C]raclopride.


RESULTS
The antipsychotic-treated patients showed high occupancies with both [(11)C]-(+)-PHNO and [(11)C]raclopride in the dorsal striatum, with [(11)C]raclopride occupancies about 20% higher. Most strikingly, patients did not show any occupancy with [(11)C]-(+)-PHNO in the globus pallidus as compared with normal controls or with their own scans using [(11)C]raclopride. This unblocked [(11)C]-(+)-PHNO signal was displaced by a single dose of pramipexole.


CONCLUSIONS
Antipsychotics block both the high- and low-affinity states of the D(2) receptors across the brain, but antipsychotic treatment does not block the [(11)C]-(+)-PHNO signal in the D(3) receptor-rich regions, despite the ongoing D(2) receptor blockade. This [(11)C]-(+)-PHNO signal in regions such as the globus pallidus seems increased despite antipsychotic treatment and is displaceable by a D(3) receptor-preferring agonist. The radiotracer [(11)C]-(+)-PHNO and the data open up new avenues for exploring the potential therapeutic significance of the D(3) receptor in schizophrenia.
Chronic insomnia and its negative consequences for health and functioning of adolescents: a 12-month prospective study.

PURPOSE
To estimate prevalence and chronicity of insomnia and the impact of chronic insomnia on health and functioning of adolescents.


METHODS
Data were collected from 4175 youths 11-17 at baseline and 3134 a year later sampled from managed care groups in a large metropolitan area. Insomnia was assessed by youth-reported DSM-IV symptom criteria. Outcomes are three measures of somatic health, three measures of mental health, two measures of substance use, three measures of interpersonal problems, and three of daily activities.


RESULTS
Over one-fourth reported one or more symptoms of insomnia at baseline and about 5% met diagnostic criteria for insomnia. Almost 46% of those who reported one or more symptoms of insomnia in Wave 1 continued to be cases at Wave 2 and 24% met DSM-IV symptom criteria for chronic insomnia (cases in Wave 1 were also cases in Wave 2). Multivariate analyses found chronic insomnia increased subsequent risk for somatic health problems, interpersonal problems, psychological problems, and daily activities. Significant odds (p < .05) ranged from 1.6 to 5.6 for poor outcomes. These results are the first reported on chronic insomnia among youths, and corroborate, using prospective data, previous findings on correlates of disturbed sleep based on cross-sectional studies.


CONCLUSIONS
Insomnia is both common and chronic among adolescents. The data indicate that the burden of insomnia is comparable to that of other psychiatric disorders such as mood, anxiety, disruptive, and substance use disorders. Chronic insomnia severely impacts future health and functioning of youths. Those with chronic insomnia are more likely to seek medical care. These data suggest primary care settings might provide a venue for screening and early intervention for adolescent insomnia.
A Logical Approach to Discrete Math

Well, someone can decide by themselves what they want to do and need to do but sometimes, that kind of person will need some a logical approach to discrete math references. People with open minded will always try to seek for the new things and information from many sources. On the contrary, people with closed mind will always think that they can do it by their principals. So, what kind of person are you?
Personal self-concept and satisfaction with life in adolescence, youth and adulthood.

BACKGROUND
The main aim of this study was to explore the relationships between personal self-concept and satisfaction with life, with the latter as the key indicator for personal adjustment. The study tests a structural model which encompasses four dimensions of self-concept: self-fulfillment, autonomy, honesty and emotions.


METHOD
The 801 participants in the study, all of whom were aged between 15 and 65 (M = 34.03, SD = 17.29), completed the Satisfaction with Life Scale (SWLS) and the Personal Self-Concept (APE) Questionnaire.


RESULTS
Although the four dimensions of personal self-concept differ in their weight, the results show that, taken together, they explain 46% of the differences observed in satisfaction with life. This implies a weight that is as significant as that observed for general self-esteem in previous research studies.


CONCLUSIONS
This issue should be dealt with early on, during secondary education, in order to help prevent psychological distress or maladjustment.
Chromium Reduction, Plant Growth–Promoting Potentials, and Metal Solubilizatrion by Bacillus sp. Isolated from Alluvial Soil

The plant growth–promoting potentials, production of siderophore and solubilization of insoluble phosphorus (P) and zinc and lead by the chromium (vi) -reducing Bacillus species, PSB 1, PSB 7, and PSB 10, was assessed both in the presence and absence of chromium under in vitro conditions. The Bacillus strains tolerated chromium up to the concentration of 500 (PSB1), 400 (PSB7), and 550 μg ml−1 (PSB10), respectively, on nutrient agar plates. Bacillus sp. PSB 10 reduced Cr (vi) by 87% at pH 7, which was followed by Bacillus sp. PSB 1 (83%) and PSB 7 (74%) in nutrient broth after 120 h of incubation. A concentration of 50 μg ml−1 of Cr (vi) was completely reduced by Bacillus sp. PSB 1 and PSB 10 (after 100 h) and PSB 7 (after 120 h). The Bacillus strains PSB 1, PSB 7, and PSB 10 produced 19.3, 17.7, and 17.4 μg ml−1 of indole acetic acid, respectively, in luria bertani broth at 100 μg ml−1 of tryptophan, which consistently decreased with an increase in chromium concentration. The Bacillus strains were positive for siderophore, HCN, and ammonia both in the absence and presence of chromium. The Bacillus strains solubilized 375 (PSB 1), 340 (PSB 7), and 379 (PSB 10) μg ml−1 P, respectively, in Pikovskaya broth devoid of chromium. In contrast, chromium at 150 μg ml−1 reduced the amount of P solubilized by 17 (PSB 1), 15 (PSB 7), and 9% (PSB 10) compared to control. The tested bacterial strains solubilized a considerable amount of zinc and lead in nutrient broth both in the absence and presence of chromium. Generally, the chromium reduction and the plant growth–promoting potentials of chromium-reducing Bacillus were strongly correlated at the tested concentration of chromium. The present observations demonstrated that the chromium-reducing, metal-solubilizing, and plant growth–promoting potentials of the Bacillus strains PSB1, PSB 7, and PSB10 were not adversely affected by the chromium application and, hence, may be applied for raising the productivity of crops under metal-contaminated soils.