LLukas22/scidocs huggingface dataset:
Radiogenomics of High-Grade Serous Ovarian Cancer: Multireader Multi-Institutional Study from the Cancer Genome Atlas Ovarian Cancer Imaging Research Group.

Purpose To evaluate interradiologist agreement on assessments of computed tomography (CT) imaging features of high-grade serous ovarian cancer (HGSOC), to assess their associations with time-to-disease progression (TTP) and HGSOC transcriptomic profiles (Classification of Ovarian Cancer [CLOVAR]), and to develop an imaging-based risk score system to predict TTP and CLOVAR profiles. Materials and Methods This study was a multireader, multi-institutional, institutional review board-approved, HIPAA-compliant retrospective analysis of 92 patients with HGSOC (median age, 61 years) with abdominopelvic CT before primary cytoreductive surgery available through the Cancer Imaging Archive. Eight radiologists from the Cancer Genome Atlas Ovarian Cancer Imaging Research Group developed and independently recorded the following CT features: characteristics of primary ovarian mass(es), presence of definable mesenteric implants and infiltration, presence of other implants, presence and distribution of peritoneal spread, presence and size of pleural effusions and ascites, lymphadenopathy, and distant metastases. Interobserver agreement for CT features was assessed, as were univariate and multivariate associations with TTP and CLOVAR mesenchymal profile (worst prognosis). Results Interobserver agreement for some features was strong (eg, α = .78 for pleural effusion and ascites) but was lower for others (eg, α = .08 for intraparenchymal splenic metastases). Presence of peritoneal disease in the right upper quadrant (P = .0003), supradiaphragmatic lymphadenopathy (P = .0004), more peritoneal disease sites (P = .0006), and nonvisualization of a discrete ovarian mass (P = .0037) were associated with shorter TTP. More peritoneal disease sites (P = .0025) and presence of pouch of Douglas implants (P = .0045) were associated with CLOVAR mesenchymal profile. Combinations of imaging features contained predictive signal for TTP (concordance index = 0.658; P = .0006) and CLOVAR profile (mean squared deviation = 1.776; P = .0043). Conclusion These results provide some evidence of the clinical and biologic validity of these image features. Interobserver agreement is strong for some features, but could be improved for others. © RSNA, 2017 Online supplemental material is available for this article.
A note on the Harris-Kesten Theorem

A short proof of the Harris-Kesten result that the critical probability for bond percolation in the planar square lattice is 1/2 was given in [B. Bollobas, O.M. Riordan, A short proof of the Harris-Kesten Theorem, Bull. London Math. Soc. 38 (2006) 470-484], using a sharp-threshold result of Friedgut and Kalai. Here we point out that a key part of this proof may be replaced by an argument of Russo [L. Russo, An approximate zero-one law, Z. Wahrscheinlichkeitstheor. Verwandte Geb. 61 (1982) 129-139] from 1982, using his approximate zero-one law in place of the Friedgut-Kalai result. Russo's paper gave a new proof of the Harris-Kesten Theorem that seems to have received little attention.
RE-tree: an efficient index structure for regular expressions

Due to their expressive power, regular expressions (REs) are quickly becoming an integral part of language specifications for several important application scenarios. Many of these applications have to manage huge databases of RE specifications and need to provide an effective matching mechanism that, given an input string, quickly identifies the REs in the database that match it. In this paper, we propose the RE-tree, a novel index structure for large databases of RE specifications. Given an input query string, the RE-tree speeds up the retrieval of matching REs by focusing the search and comparing the input string with only a small fraction of REs in the database. Even though the RE-tree is similar in spirit to other tree-based structures that have been proposed for indexing multidimensional data, RE indexing is significantly more challenging since REs typically represent infinite sets of strings with no well-defined notion of spatial locality. To address these new challenges, our RE-tree index structure relies on novel measures for comparing the relative sizes of infinite regular languages. We also propose innovative solutions for the various RE-tree operations including the effective splitting of RE-tree nodes and computing a "tight" bounding RE for a collection of REs. Finally, we demonstrate how sampling-based approximation algorithms can be used to significantly speed up the performance of RE-tree operations. Preliminary experimental results with moderately large synthetic data sets indicate that the RE-tree is effective in pruning the search space and easily outperforms naive sequential search approaches.
Logarithmically Completely Monotonic Functions Involving Gamma and Polygamma Functions

There exists a constant b∗ such that the function [Γ(x+ 1)]1/x(1+ 1/x)x+b/x is logarithmically completely monotonic and the function ψ′′(x) + [x4 + 5x3 + (7 + 3b)x2 + (7 + b)x+ 2]/x3(x+ 1)3 is completely monotonic in (0,∞) if b ≥ b∗ ≥ −1. The function (1 + a/x)x+b for a > 0 and b ∈ R is logarithmically completely monotonic in (0,∞) if and only if 2b ≥ a.
The large radius limit for coherent states on spheres

This paper concerns the coherent states on spheres studied by the authors in [J. Math. Phys. 43 (2002), 1211-1236]. We show that in the odd-dimensional case the coherent states on the sphere approach the classical Gaussian coherent states on Euclidean space as the radius of the sphere tends to infinity.
Automated formal reasoning about AWS systems

Automatic and semiautomatic formal verification tools are now being developed and used within Amazon Web Services (AWS) to find proofs that prove or disprove desired properties of key AWS components. In this session, we outline these efforts and discuss how tools are used to play and then replay found proofs of desired properties when software artifacts or networks are modified, thus helping provide security throughout the lifetime of the AWS system.
Self-care among persons using advanced medical technology at home.

AIM
This study aimed to describe lived experiences of self-care among persons using advanced medical technology at home.


BACKGROUND
An increased number of people are performing self-care while using different sorts of advanced medical technology at home. Knowledge of different patient groups' lived experiences of this situation may be useful for nurses and other caregivers in educating and supporting these patients.


DESIGN
A qualitative design was used.


METHODS
Suitable patients in western Sweden were informed by their nurses and invited to participate. Ten people, who performed self-care at home, either while using long-term oxygen therapy from a ventilator or oxygen cylinder, or while performing peritoneal or haemodialysis, were interviewed. The interviews were analysed using a descriptive phenomenological methodology.


RESULTS
Prerequisites for self-care when using advanced medical technology at home were: support from professional caregivers and significant others; cognitive capacity; and a positive attitude to life. This type of self-care contains steps for living healthy, for planning and for adjusting technology. It involves a process of learning and feelings both of being tied up and of feeling free. Additionally, it has influences on the home environment.


CONCLUSION
Self-care in this context can be described on a generic level. Self-care is more than mastering the technology; it also means dealing with daily life activities for healthy living, planning for the use of the equipment and activities, having knowledge about bodily signs of good and ill-health, and adjusting treatment according to the circumstances.


RELEVANCE TO CLINICAL PRACTICE
Self-care in this context involves a learning process with education and continuing access to support from professional caregivers. With knowledge and support, patients are able to assume substantial responsibility for self-care. Needs for design improvements of medical technology for use at home are raised.
Regulation of Akt expression and phosphorylation by 17β-estradiol in the rat uterus during estrous cycle

Molecular and intra-cellular mechanisms involved in the regulation of apoptosis processes in endometrial cells are poorly understood and documented. We have investigated the possibility that Akt survival pathway might be involved in the regulation of apoptosis in the uterus during the estrous cycle. Rats with regular estrous cycle (4 days) were killed at different days of estrous cycle (diestrus, proestrus, estrus and metestrus). Uteri were collected and fixed for immunohistochemical staining (IHC) and apoptotic cell death detection by [TdT]-mediated deoxyuridinetriphosphate nick end-labelling (TUNEL) or endometrial protein extracts collected for Western analysis. TUNEL analysis revealed that apoptosis was mainly found at estrus compared to other day of estrous cycle. TUNEL positive cells were apparent in luminal epithelial cells only. No apoptotic cells were observed at proestrus. In contrast, proliferation was maximal at proestrus as confirmed with the expression of CDC47/MCM7 (a cell proliferation marker). Intact form of caspase-3 was maximal at proestrus and was reduced only at estrus. Likewise, presence of a specific cleaved caspase-3 fragment was observed only at estrus and IHC revealed that cleaved caspase-3 signal was found in luminal epithelial cells. PTEN protein, a phosphatase involved in the regulation of Akt phosphorylation, was present at all days of estrous cycle and showed no significant regulation in relation to cycle. Expression of phospho-Akt (the activated form of Akt) was present at metestrus, diestrus, and proestrus but decreased significantly at estrus. Akt protein expression was maximal at estrus. IHC revealed that Akt expression was high in both stromal and epithelial cells at estrus. Further studies using ovariectomized rats demonstrated that 17beta-estradiol increased endometrial cell proliferation which was accompanied by an increase of both Akt expression and phosphorylation. These results suggest that increased Akt expression and activity in response to estradiol may be an important mechanism to protect endometrial cells from apoptotic triggering and to induce endometrial cell proliferation, whereas inhibition of Akt activity leads to caspase-3 activation and apoptosis in endometrial cells.
The Interactive Effects of Mood and Trait Negative Affect in Group Decision Making

Extending the growing interest in affect in work groups, we propose that groups with distributed information make higher quality decisions when they are in a negative rather than a positive mood, but that these effects are moderated by group members’ trait negative affect. In support of this hypothesis, an experiment (N = 175 groups) showed that positive mood led to lower quality decisions than did negative or neutral moods when group members were low in trait negative affect, whereas such mood effects were not observed in groups higher in trait negative affect. Mediational analysis based on behavioral observations of group process confirmed that group information elaboration mediated this effect. These results provide an important caveat on the benefits of positive moods in work groups, and suggest that the study of trait× state affect interactions is an important avenue for future research.
Causes and mechanisms of common coccydynia: role of body mass index and coccygeal trauma.

STUDY DESIGN
A total of 208 consecutive coccydynia patients were examined with the same clinical and radiologic protocol.


OBJECTIVES
To study radiographic coccygeal lesions in the sitting position, to elucidate the influence of body mass index on the different lesions, and to establish the effect of coccygeal trauma.


SUMMARY OF BACKGROUND DATA
A protocol comparing standing radiographs and radiographs subsequently taken in the painful sitting position in coccydynia patients and in controls has shown two culprit lesions: posterior luxation and hypermobility. Obesity and a history of trauma have been identified as risk factors for luxation.


METHODS
Dynamic radiographs were obtained. The body mass index was compared with the coccygeal angle of incidence, sagittal rotation of the pelvis when sitting down, and the presence and time of previous trauma. The patients with the newly described lesions were examined after an anesthetic block under fluoroscopic guidance.


RESULTS
Two new coccygeal lesions are described (anterior luxation and spicules). Obesity was found to be a risk factor. The body mass index determines the way a subject sits down, and lesion patterns were different in obese, normal-weight, and thin patients (posterior luxation: 51%, 15.2%, 3.7%; hypermobility: 26.5%, 30.3%, 14.8%; spicules: 2%, 15.9%, 29.6%; normal: 16.3%, 32.6%, 48.1%, respectively; P < 0.0001). Trauma affected the type of lesion only if it was recent (<1 month before the onset of coccydynia), in which case the instability rate increased from 55.6% to 77.1%. Backward-moving coccyges were at greatest risk of trauma.


CONCLUSIONS
This protocol allows identification of the culprit lesion in 69.2% of cases. The body mass index determines the causative lesion, as does trauma sustained within the month preceding the onset of the pain.
Near Field Communication (NFC) in an Automotive Environment

Near Field Communication (NFC) offers intuitive interactions between humans and vehicles. In this paper we explore different NFC based use cases in an automotive context. Nearly all described use cases have been implemented in a BMW vehicle to get experiences of NFC in a real in-car environment. We describe the underlying soft- and hardware architecture and our experiences in setting up the prototype.
Fraud by Computer

C omputer re la ted financial f raud continues to be a problem. Here are a few cases from the Risks archives. ISSIDE RISKS Frauds • Volkswagen lost almost $260 million as the result of an insider scam that created phony currencyexchange transactions and then covered them with real transactions a few days later, pocketing the float as the exchange rate was changing. This is an example of a salami att ack-a lbe i t with a lot of big slices (SEN 12, 2, Apr. 1987, 4). Four insiders and one outs ider were subsequently convicted, with the maximum jail sentence being six years, so their efforts were not entirely successful! • Losses from automatic teller machines (ATMs) are numerous. The archives include a $350,000 theft that bypassed both user authentication and withdrawal limits, $140,000 lost over a weekend due to a software bug, $86,000 stolen via fabricated cards and espied authenticat ion numbers (PINs), $63,900 obtained via the combination of a stolen card and an ATM program error , and o ther scams. • Other f rauds include a collaborative scam that acquired 50 million frequent-f l ier miles, an individual effort that gained 1.7 million miles, a collaborative effort involving millions of dollars worth of bogus airline tickets, and a bank computer system employee who snuck in an o rde r to Brinks to deliver 44 kilograms of gold to a remote site, collected it, and then disappeared.
Aeromonas hydrophila from marketed mullet (Mugil cephalus) in Egypt: PCR characterization of β-lactam resistance and virulence genes.

AIMS
Aeromonas hydrophila has been isolated from various fish species in Egypt and is known to carry virulence and antimicrobial resistance genes, which pose a risk for public health. The aim of the present study is to report, for the first time, the infection of mullet (Mugil cephalus) with A. hydrophila and to clarify the potential association between antimicrobial resistance and virulence traits encoded in A. hydrophila.


METHODS AND RESULTS
In this study, the occurrence of A. hydrophila in marketed mullet and the antimicrobial resistance phenotypes of these isolates were determined. Aeromonas hydrophila isolates were screened for the presence of virulence and β-lactam resistance genes; the correlation between both gene groups was also investigated. The infection rate of examined mullet with A. hydrophila was 37% (50/135). The highest antimicrobial resistance was detected to cefoxitin (100%), followed by ampicillin (84%), ceftazidime (56%) and cefotaxime (40%). Only 4% of the isolates were resistant to erythromycin; 6% were resistant to both gentamicin and kanamycin with no resistance to ciprofloxacin. Variable frequencies of virulence and β-lactam resistance genes were evident from PCR, where aerA and blaTEM predominated. The study also indicated a general weak positive correlation (R = 0·3) between both virulence and β-lactam resistance genes. Some of the studied virulence genes (e.g. aerA:hlyA and hlyA:ast) were found to correlate positively.


CONCLUSIONS
The presence of virulence and resistance genes in A. hydrophila from food sources poses a serious threat to public health. To our knowledge, this is the first report describing the occurrence of A. hydrophila in mullet and highlighting the coexistence of virulence and β-lactam resistance genes encoded by these bacteria.


SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY
These data provide insights into the potential association of antimicrobial resistance and virulence genes in A. hydrophila from marketed mullet in Egypt, which could pose threats to humans even if a weak positive correlation exists between both genes.
On the Importance of Stereo for Accurate Depth Estimation: An Efficient Semi-Supervised Deep Neural Network Approach

We revisit the problem of visual depth estimation in the context of autonomous vehicles. Despite the progress on monocular depth estimation in recent years, we show that the gap between monocular and stereo depth accuracy remains large-a particularly relevant result due to the prevalent reliance upon monocular cameras by vehicles that are expected to be self-driving. We argue that the challenges of removing this gap are significant, owing to fundamental limitations of monocular vision. As a result, we focus our efforts on depth estimation by stereo. We propose a novel semi-supervised learning approach to training a deep stereo neural network, along with a novel architecture containing a machine-learned argmax layer and a custom runtime that enables a smaller version of our stereo DNN to run on an embedded GPU. Competitive results are shown on the KITTI 2015 stereo dataset. We also evaluate the recent progress of stereo algorithms by measuring the impact upon accuracy of various design criteria.1
Psychiatric nurses' attitudes toward patients with borderline personality disorder experiencing deliberate self-harm.

The aim of this descriptive study was to explore the attitudes of psychiatric nurses toward patients with borderline personality disorder (BPD) experiencing deliberate self-harm. A convenience sample of psychiatric nurses (N = 83) working on the adult behavioral health units of three psychiatric hospitals in Pennsylvania were surveyed about their attitudes toward BPD inpatients experiencing deliberate self-harm using the Adapted Attitudes towards Deliberate Self-Harm Questionnaire. Psychiatric nurses had positive attitudes toward hospitalized BPD patients with deliberate self-harm issues. Psychiatric nurses with more years of nursing experience and self-reported need for further BPD continuing education had more positive attitudes toward hospitalized BPD patients with deliberate self-harm issues, findings that nurse educators need to consider when planning curricula. Future studies need to examine the longitudinal effect of continuing education on nurses' attitudes and outcomes for BPD patients with deliberate self-harm issues.
Psychosocial risk factors associated with cyberbullying among adolescents: a population-based study.

CONTEXT
To our knowledge, no population study examining psychosocial and psychiatric risk factors associated with cyberbullying among adolescents exists.


OBJECTIVE
To study cross-sectional associations between cyberbullying and psychiatric and psychosomatic problems among adolescents.


DESIGN
Population-based cross-sectional study.


SETTING
Finland.


PARTICIPANTS
The sample consists of 2215 Finnish adolescents aged 13 to 16 years with complete information about cyberbullying and cybervictimization.


MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES
Self-reports of cyberbullying and cybervictimization during the past 6 months.


RESULTS
In the total sample, 4.8% were cybervictims only, 7.4% were cyberbullies only, and 5.4% were cyberbully-victims. Cybervictim-only status was associated with living in a family with other than 2 biological parents, perceived difficulties, emotional and peer problems, headache, recurrent abdominal pain, sleeping difficulties, and not feeling safe at school. Cyberbully-only status was associated with perceived difficulties, hyperactivity, conduct problems, low prosocial behavior, frequent smoking and drunkenness, headache, and not feeling safe at school. Cyberbully-victim status was associated with all of these risk factors. Among cybervictims, being cyberbullied by a same-sex or opposite-sex adult, by an unknown person, and by a group of people were associated with fear for safety, indicating possible trauma.


CONCLUSIONS
Both cyberbullying and cybervictimization are associated with psychiatric and psychosomatic problems. The most troubled are those who are both cyberbullies and cybervictims. This indicates the need for new strategies for cyberbullying prevention and intervention.
Observer reliability in ankle and calcaneocuboid stress radiography.

BACKGROUND
Stress radiographic measurements play an important role in assessing the degree of joint instability in scientific investigations and for decision making in treatment. However, their validity and reliability are still a matter of intensive debate.


HYPOTHESIS
There is no difference regarding interobserver and intraobserver reliability with respect to anterior talar drawer, talar tilt, and calcaneocuboid stress radiographs.


STUDY DESIGN
Cohort study (diagnosis); Level of evidence, 4.


METHODS
Eighty-nine anterior talar drawer, 89 talar tilt, and 76 calcaneocuboid stress radiographs were selected. Analyses for anterior talar drawer (1 measurement technique), talar tilt (1 measurement technique), and lateral calcaneocuboid instability (4 measurement techniques) were performed by 4 independent raters. One rater repeated the measurements after 1 month. Intraclass and interclass correlation coefficients (ICCs) with calculated confidence intervals assessed intratester and intertester reliability of each measure.


RESULTS
Ankle stress radiographic interobserver agreement was ICC = 0.73 to 0.97 for anterior talar drawer test and ICC = 0.78 to 0.97 for talar tilt. Interobserver reliability for calcaneocuboid angle measurement methods was lower (ICC = 0.35-0.91) than for the calcaneocuboid joint-space distance measurements (ICC = 0.81-0.95). Intraobserver ICC varied between 0.78 and 0.97 for ankle stress testing and was 0.67 to 0.94 for calcaneocuboid stress radiography, respectively.


CONCLUSIONS
Ankle stress radiographic measurements were proven to be reliable. Insufficient reproducibility was found for angular calcaneocuboid stress radiography measurements, while lateral calcaneocuboid joint-space distances offered accurate reliability.


CLINICAL RELEVANCE
Measurement errors can be avoided using standardized stress radiography and measurement techniques with proven reliability.