LLukas22/scidocs huggingface dataset:
Real-time ink simulation using a grid-particle method

This paper presents an effective method to simulate the ink diffusion process in real time that yields realistic visual effects. Our algorithm updates the dynamic ink volume using a hybrid grid-particle method: the fluid velocity field is calculated with a low-resolution grid structure, whereas the highly detailed ink effects are controlled and visualized with the particles. To facilitate user interaction and extend this method, we propose a particle-guided method that allows artists to design the overall states using the coarse-resolution particles and to preview the motion quickly. To treat coupling with solids and other fluids, we update the grid-particle representation with no-penetration boundary conditions and implicit interaction conditions. To treat moving ‘‘ink-emitting’’ objects, we introduce an extra drag-force model to enhance the particle motion effects; this force might not be physically accurate, but it proves effective for producing animations. We also propose an improved ink rendering method that uses particle sprites and motion blurring techniques. The simulation and the rendering processes are efficiently implemented on graphics hardware at interactive frame rates. Compared to traditional fluid simulation methods that treat water and ink as two mixable fluids, our method is simple but effective: it captures various ink effects, such as pinned boundaries (Nelson, 2005 [1]) and filament patterns (Shiny et al., 2010 [2]), while still running in real time, it allows easy control of the animation, it includes basic solid–fluid interactions, and it can address multiple ink sources without complex interface tracking. Our method is attractive for animation production and art design. & 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Abstract feature extraction for text classification

feature extraction for text classification Göksel BİRİCİK∗, Banu DİRİ, Ahmet Coşkun SÖNMEZ Department of Computer Engineering, Yıldız Technical University, Esenler, İstanbul-TURKEY e-mails: {goksel,banu,acsonmez}@ce.yildiz.edu.tr Received: 03.02.2011 Abstract Feature selection and extraction are frequently used solutions to overcome the curse of dimensionality in text classification problems. We introduce an extraction method that summarizes the features of the document samples, where the new features aggregate information about how much evidence there is in a document, for each class. We project the high dimensional features of documents onto a new feature space having dimensions equal to the number of classes in order to form the abstract features. We test our method on 7 different text classification algorithms, with different classifier design approaches. We examine performances of the classifiers applied on standard text categorization test collections and show the enhancements achieved by applying our extraction method. We compare the classification performance results of our method with popular and well-known feature selection and feature extraction schemes. Results show that our summarizing abstract feature extraction method encouragingly enhances classification performances on most of the classifiers when compared with other methods.Feature selection and extraction are frequently used solutions to overcome the curse of dimensionality in text classification problems. We introduce an extraction method that summarizes the features of the document samples, where the new features aggregate information about how much evidence there is in a document, for each class. We project the high dimensional features of documents onto a new feature space having dimensions equal to the number of classes in order to form the abstract features. We test our method on 7 different text classification algorithms, with different classifier design approaches. We examine performances of the classifiers applied on standard text categorization test collections and show the enhancements achieved by applying our extraction method. We compare the classification performance results of our method with popular and well-known feature selection and feature extraction schemes. Results show that our summarizing abstract feature extraction method encouragingly enhances classification performances on most of the classifiers when compared with other methods.
Personal Therapy for Future Therapists: Reflections on a Still Debated Issue

Abstract The issue of personal therapy in the training of counsellors and counselling psychologists has long been debated and is still being discussed. Although some people believe that trainees’ processing of personal issues helps increase their self-understanding, they do not consider it mandatory. Others argue that personal therapy is an integral part of training for future therapists revealing the characters and personalities of those who are fit or unfit to practice this profession. In most European countries a certain number of hours of personal therapy are mandatory to qualify for admission to the profession. In other countries, only certain training programs require it. What are the arguments for or against personal therapy in training? What does research indicate? What is meant by "personal development" and what by “personal therapy”? How is the necessary breadth and depth of "the work with oneself" which is contained in good educational training programs ensured? The present article reviews some of the relevant research in an effort to answer the questions raised and discuss the arguments developed.
Bandwidth- and power-efficient multicarrier multiple access

Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiple Access (OFDMA) gains increasing attention for broadband, high data rate wireless/wireline communications. In this paper, we propose a novel unitary precoded (UP) OFDMA scheme for uplink applications, that increases the system bandwidth efficiency, while preserving constant modulus transmissions. Theoretical analysis for the proposed UP-OFDMA with channel coding quantifies the performance improvement introduced by unitary precoding. It provides guidelines for practical system designs, and reveals performance gap between the proposed system and the single user bound. Simulation results confirm that the proposed system improves performance considerably relative to conventional OFDMA.
Creating Effective Mobile Phone Apps to Optimize Antiretroviral Therapy Adherence: Perspectives From Stimulant-Using HIV-Positive Men Who Have Sex With Men

BACKGROUND
The use of stimulant drugs among men who have sex with men (MSM) with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is associated with decreased odds of antiretroviral therapy (ART) adherence and elevated risk of forward HIV transmission. Advancing tailored and innovative mobile phone-based ART adherence app interventions for stimulant-using HIV-positive MSM requires greater understanding of their needs and preferences in this emerging area.


OBJECTIVE
The purpose of this study is to (1) assess reasons that stimulant-using HIV-positive MSM download and sustain their use of mobile phone apps in general, and (2) obtain feedback on features and functions that these men prefer in a mobile phone app to optimize their ART adherence.


METHODS
Focus groups were conducted with stimulant-using HIV-positive MSM (24-57 years of age; mostly non-Hispanic white; 42% once a week or more frequent stimulant drug use) in San Francisco and Minneapolis. Our aim was to explore the mobile phone app features and functions that they considered when deciding to download and sustain their use of general apps over time, as well as specific features and functions that they would like to see incorporated into an ART adherence mobile app. Focus groups were audiorecorded and transcribed verbatim. Thematic analysis was applied to transcripts using line-by-line open coding and organizing codes into meaningful themes.


RESULTS
Men reported that they currently had a variety of health and wellness, social media and networking, gaming and entertainment, and utility apps on their mobile phones. Downloading apps to their mobile phones was influenced by the cost of the app, recommendations by a trusted source, and the time it takes to download. In addition, downloading and sustained use of apps was more likely to occur when men had control over most features of the app and apps were perceived to be useful, engaging, secure, and credible. Participants suggested that ART adherence mobile phone apps include social networking features, connections to local resources and their medical chart, and breaking HIV news and updates. Although some men expressed concerns about daily self-monitoring of HIV medication doses, many appreciated receiving a summary of their medication adherence over time and suggested that feedback about missed doses be delivered in an encouraging and humorous manner.


CONCLUSIONS
In this study, we were able to recruit a relatively high proportion (42%) of HIV-positive MSM reporting weekly or more stimulant use. These results suggest critical design elements that may need to be considered during development of ART adherence-related mobile phone apps for this, and possibly other, high-risk groups. In particular, finding the optimal balance of security, engagement, usefulness, control capabilities, and credibility will be critical to sustained used of HIV treatment apps.
Managing and Mining Graph Data

Will reading habit influence your life? Many say yes. Reading managing and mining graph data is a good habit; you can develop this habit to be such interesting way. Yeah, reading habit will not only make you have any favourite activity. It will be one of guidance of your life. When reading has become a habit, you will not make it as disturbing activities or as boring activity. You can gain many benefits and importances of reading.
Evolutionary Economics and Human Nature

The authors address the question of human nature in economics, examining not only some of the recent writing on this subject in evolutionary psychology and related disciplines, but also the ideas of important thinkers in the Western intellectual tradition. Beginning with the ancient Greeks and progressing to the modern day, the contributors explore the works of such thinkers as Augustine, Adam Smith, Thomas Malthus, Alfred Marshall and Kenneth Boulding.
Dogs Discriminate Identical Twins

Earlier studies have shown variation among experimental attempts to establish whether human monozygotic twins that are genetically identical also have identical individual scents. In none of the cases were the dogs able to distinguish all the individual scents of monozygotic twins living in the same environment if the scents were presented to them separately. Ten specially trained police German Shepherd dogs of three Czech Republic Police Regional Headquarters were used for scent identification in our study. The dogs were supposed to match scents of two monozygotic pairs (5 and 7 years old) and two dizygotic twin pairs (8 and 13 years old). Scents were collected on cotton squares stored in glass jars. Dog handlers were blind to the experiment details. In each trial (line-up), one scent was used as a starting scent and the dog was then sent to determine if any of the 7 presented glass jars contained a matching scent. Scents of children of similar ages were used as distractors. In the matching procedure, the dogs matched correctly the scent of one twin with the other, as well as two scents collected from every single identical and non-identical twin to prove their efficacy and likewise, the presence of the matching twin scent in any given glass jar. All dogs in all trials distinguished correctly the scents of identical as well as non-identical twins. All dogs similarly matched positively two scents collected from the same individuals. Our findings indicated that specially trained German Shepherd dogs are able to distinguish individual scents of identical twins despite the fact that they live in the same environment, eat the same food and even if the scents are not presented to them simultaneously.
Catheter-based renal denervation for resistant hypertension: Twenty-four month results of the EnligHTN I first-in-human study using a multi-electrode ablation system.

BACKGROUND
Long term safety and efficacy data of multi-electrode ablation system for renal denervation (RDN) in patients with drug resistant hypertension (dRHT) are limited.


METHODS AND RESULTS
We studied 46 patients (age: 60 ± 10 years, 4.7 ± 1.0 antihypertensive drugs) with drug resistant hypertension (dRHT). Reduction in office BP at 24 months from baseline was -29/-13 mmHg, while the reduction in 24-hour ambulatory BP and in home BP at 24 months were -13/-7 mmHg and -11/-6 mmHg respectively (p<0.05 for all). A correlation analysis revealed that baseline office and ambulatory BP were related to the extent of office and ambulatory BP drop. Apart from higher body mass index (33.3 ± 4.7 vs 29.5 ± 6.2 kg/m(2), p<0.05), there were no differences in patients that were RDN responders defined as ≥10 mmHg decrease (74%, n=34) compared to non-responders. Stepwise logistic regression analysis revealed no prognosticators of RDN response (p=NS for all). At 24 months there were no new serious device or procedure related adverse events.


CONCLUSIONS
The EnligHTN I study shows that the multi-electrode ablation system provides a safe method of RDN in dRHT accompanied by a clinically relevant and sustained BP reduction.
Cognitive impairment and decline in cognitively normal older adults with high amyloid-β: A meta-analysis

INTRODUCTION
This meta-analysis aimed to characterize the nature and magnitude of amyloid (Aβ)-related cognitive impairment and decline in cognitively normal (CN) older individuals.


METHOD
MEDLINE Ovid was searched from 2012 to June 2016 for studies reporting relationships between cerebrospinal fluid or positron emission tomography (PET) Aβ levels and cognitive impairment (cross-sectional) and decline (longitudinal) in CN older adults. Neuropsychological data were classified into domains of episodic memory, executive function, working memory, processing speed, visuospatial function, semantic memory, and global cognition. Type of Aβ measure, how Aβ burden was analyzed, inclusion of control variables, and clinical criteria used to exclude participants, were considered as moderators. Random-effects models were used for analyses with effect sizes expressed as Cohen's d.


RESULTS
A total of 38 studies met inclusion criteria contributing 30 cross-sectional (N = 5005) and 14 longitudinal (N = 2584) samples. Aβ-related cognitive impairment was observed for global cognition (d = 0.32), visuospatial function (d = 0.25), processing speed (d = 0.18), episodic memory, and executive function (both d's = 0.15), with decline observed for global cognition (d = 0.30), semantic memory (d = 0.28), visuospatial function (d = 0.25), and episodic memory (d = 0.24). Aβ-related impairment was moderated by age, amyloid measure, type of analysis, and inclusion of control variables and decline moderated by amyloid measure, type of analysis, inclusion of control variables, and exclusion criteria used.


DISCUSSION
CN older adults with high Aβ show a small general cognitive impairment and small to moderate decline in episodic memory, visuospatial function, semantic memory, and global cognition.
Progressive stage transition does mean getting better: a further test of the Transtheoretical Model in recovery from alcohol problems.

AIMS
To test two central assumptions of the Transtheoretical Model (TTM) regarding recovery from alcohol problems: (i) individuals making a forward transition from pre-action to action stages will show greater drinking improvements than those remaining in pre-action stages; and (ii) individuals remaining in pre-action stages will not demonstrate improvements in drinking outcomes.


DESIGN AND SETTING
Large, multi-centre, randomized controlled trial of treatment for alcohol problems [United Kingdom Alcohol Treatment Trial (UKATT)].


MEASUREMENTS
Stage of change, drinks per drinking day and percentage days abstinent at baseline, 3- and 12-month follow-ups.


FINDINGS
In support of TTM assumption 1, improvements in drinking outcomes were consistently greater among clients who showed a forward stage transition (Cohen's d = 0.68) than among those who did not (d = 0.10). Two tests of assumption 2 showed a significant improvement in drinking outcomes in non-transition groups, inconsistent with the TTM; one test showed a significant deterioration and the other showed equivalent drinking outcomes across time. An explanation is offered as to why, under the relevant assumption of the TTM, clients in non-transition groups showed small changes in drinking outcomes.


CONCLUSIONS
In contrast to a previous study by Callaghan and colleagues, our findings largely support the TTM account of recovery from alcohol problems in treatment. The discrepancy can be explained by the use in our study of a more reliable and valid method for assigning stage of change.
The effects of harmonics on overcurrent relays

This paper analyses the influence of current harmonics on protections devices connected to the power system which can cause serious problems. This paper outlines work that has been conducted to test of overcurrent relay and to identify the impacts of harmonics on distribution utility protection and control systems. The overcurrent relay REJ 525 is based on a microprocessor environment. A self-supervision system continuously monitors the operation of the relay.
Mannose-binding lectin is expressed after clinical and experimental traumatic brain injury and its deletion is protective.

OBJECTIVE
Mannose-binding lectin protein is the activator of the lectin complement pathway. Goals were (1) to investigate mannose-binding lectin expression after human and experimental traumatic brain injury induced by controlled cortical impact and (2) to evaluate whether mannose-binding lectin deletion is associated with reduced sequelae after controlled cortical impact.


DESIGN
Translational research, combining a human/experimental observational study and a prospective experimental study.


SETTING
University hospital/research laboratory.


PATIENTS AND SUBJECTS
Brain-injured patients, C57Bl/6 mice, and mannose-binding lectin-A and mannose-binding lectin-C double-knockout (-/-) mice.


INTERVENTIONS
Using anti-human mannose-binding lectin antibody, we evaluated mannose-binding lectin expression in tissue samples from six patients who underwent surgery for a cerebral contusion. Immunohistochemistry was also performed on tissues obtained from mice at 30 minutes; 6, 12, 24, 48, and 96 hours; and 1 week after controlled cortical impact using anti-mouse mannose-binding lectin-A and mannose-binding lectin-C antibodies. We evaluated the effects of mannose-binding lectin deletion in wild-type and mannose-binding lectin-A and mannose-binding lectin-C double-knockout mice. Functional outcome was evaluated using the neuroscore and beam walk tests for 4 weeks postinjury (n = 11). Histological injury was evaluated by comparing neuronal cell counts in the cortex adjacent to the contusion (n = 11).


MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS
Following human traumatic brain injury, we observed mannose-binding lectin-positive immunostaining in the injured cortex as early as few hours and up to 5 days postinjury. Similarly in mice, we observed mannose-binding lectin-C-positive immunoreactivity in the injured cortex beginning 30 minutes and persisting up to 1 week postinjury. The extent of mannose-binding lectin-A expression was lower when compared with that of mannose-binding lectin-C. We observed attenuated sensorimotor deficits in mannose-binding lectin (-/-) mice compared with wild-type mice at 2-4 weeks postinjury. Furthermore, we observed reduced cortical cell loss at 5 weeks postinjury in mannose-binding lectin (-/-) mice compared with wild-type mice.


CONCLUSIONS
Mannose-binding lectin expression was documented after traumatic brain injury. The reduced sequelae associated with mannose-binding lectin absence suggest that mannose-binding lectin modulation might be a potential target after traumatic brain injury.
Transcatheter mitral valve implantation via transapical approach: an early experience.

OBJECTIVES
As many as 50% of patients with severe symptomatic mitral valve regurgitation are denied surgical valve replacement or repair due to high operative risk. We describe an early series of cases of transcatheter implantation with a CardiAQ™ mitral valve via a transapical approach.


METHODS
Three consecutive patients with an Society of Thoracic Surgeons (STS) mortality score of >22% were selected for transcatheter mitral valve implantation (TMVI) on compassionate grounds. All patients were elderly, had severe mitral regurgitation (MR), were in Class IV heart failure and deemed unsuitable for the MitraClip. Two of the patients had functional MR in the setting of ischaemic cardiomyopathy with left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) <40%, deemed while the remaining patient had chordal rupture with extensive anterior leaflet flail (preserved LVEF). Comorbidities included previous coronary artery bypass surgery (n = 2), severe pulmonary hypertension (n = 1) and moderate to severe chronic renal failure (n = 3). A CardiAQ mitral valve was implanted using fluoroscopy and transoesophageal (TEE) guidance via a standard transapical approach.


RESULTS
Accurate prosthesis positioning and deployment with immediate elimination of the MR was achieved in all 3 cases. Two patients made full clinical recovery and were discharged home. Post-procedural TEE performed on Days 1, 30 and 60 days showed good valve function, stable valve position and minimal LVOT gradient. One patient expired on the postoperative day 9 due to pneumonia.


CONCLUSIONS
TMVI using the CardiAQ™ device via a transapical approach is feasible and effective.
Cultural Differences in Career Decision-Making Styles and Self-Efficacy☆☆☆

This study examined the cultural relevance of two important career constructs: career decision-making style and career decision-making self-efficacy. Two distinct cultural groups of college students, Americans ( N 5 540) and Taiwanese ( N 5 1026), participated in this cross-cultural study. Results suggested that career decision-making styles have differential impacts on career decision-making self-efficacy, depending on the cultural background of the individuals. Results also showed significant differences in career decision-making style and career decision-making self-efficacy as a function of nationality and gender. Counseling implications and suggestions for future studies are discussed. © 2000 Academic Press