LLukas22/scidocs huggingface dataset:
High throughput Ku-band satellites for aeronautical applications

Recent advancements in Ku-band high throughput satellites (HTS) will allow commercial Ku-band aeronautical mobile satellite systems (AMSS) to equal or exceed commercial Ka-band AMSS systems on cost and performance. The AMSS market is currently dominated by Ku-band solutions, both in the commercial sector (eXConnect, Row44, Yonder) and the government sector (Tachyon, Boeing Broadband Satellite Network (formerly Connexion), various UAV and ISR systems). All of these systems use conventional continental-scale wide beams that are leased from Fixed Satellite Service (FSS) providers such as Intelsat and Eutelsat. In the next several years the dominance of Ku-band AMSS will be challenged by Ka-band systems such as Inmarsat-5, which use multiple spot beams to offer enhanced performance. Previous work has suggested that these systems may offer better performance and better economics than conventional Ku-band systems [1]. The key insight of this paper is that the performance advantage of spot beam Ka-band systems comes from their smaller beam size rather than their frequency of operation, meaning that a Ku-band spot beam satellite can also be built with similar sized spot beams to Ka-band systems and can achieve competitive cost and performance as compared to a Ka-band spot beam systems. High throughput spot beam Ku-band systems, such as Intelsat's EpicNG system, are now in development and will be fielded in the same timeframe as Inmarsat-5. This result has critical implications for existing users and operators of AMSS systems: - Currently installed Ku-band terminals will be able to take advantage of dramatic improvements in performance when high throughput Ku-band becomes available - Current Ku-band will not have to undergo costly Ka-band retrofits to maintain competitive performance - Operators can continue to invest in Ku-band terminals today without fear of obsolescence in the near future - The AMSS market will continue to be diverse and competitive for years to come.
Partial backlogging inventory lot-size models for deteriorating items with fluctuating demand under inflation

In this paper, the traditional inventory lot-size model is extended to allow not only for general partial backlogging rate but also for inflation. The assumptions of equal cycle length and constant shortage length imposed in the model developed by Moon et al. [Moon, I., Giri, B.C., Ko, B., 2005. Economic order quantity models for ameliorating/deteriorating items under inflation and time discounting, European Journal of Operational Research 162(3), 773–785] are also relaxed. For any given number of replenishment cycles the existence of a unique optimal replenishment schedule is proved and further the convexity of the total cost function of the inventory system in the number of replenishments is established. The theoretical results here amend those in Yang et al. [Yang, H.L., Teng, J.T., Chern, M.S., 2001. Deterministic inventory lot-size models under inflation with shortages and deterioration for fluctuating demand, Naval Research Logistics 48(2), 144–158] and provide the solution to those two counterexamples by Skouri and Papachristos [Skouri, K., Papachristos, S., 2002. Note on ‘‘deterministic inventory lot-size models under inflation with shortages and deterioration for fluctuating demand’’ by Yang et al. Naval Research Logistics 49(5), 527–529.]. Finally we propose an algorithm to find the solution, and obtain some managerial results by using sensitivity analyses. 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
New insights into the origin and migration of brines in deep Devonian aquifers, Alberta, Canada

Abstract Analysis of hydraulic heads and chemical compositions of Devonian formation waters in the west central part of the Alberta Basin, Canada, characterizes the origin of formation waters and migration of brines. The Devonian succession in the study area lies 2000–5000 m below the ground surface, and has an approximate total thickness of 1000 m and an average slope of 15 m/km. Four Devonian aquifers are present in the study area, which form two aquifer systems [i.e., a Middle–Upper Devonian aquifer system (MUDAS) consisting of the Elk Point and Woodbend–Beaverhill Lake aquifers, and an Upper Devonian aquifer system (UDAS) consisting of the Winterburn and Wabamun aquifers]. The Ireton is an effective aquitard between these two systems in the eastern parts of the study area. The entire Devonian succession is confined below by efficient aquitards of the underlying Cambrian shales and/or the Precambrian basement, and above by overlying Carboniferous shales of the Exshaw and Lower Banff Formations. The formation water chemistry shows that the Devonian succession contains two distinct brine types: a ‘heavy brine,’ located updip, defined approximately by TDS >200 g/l, and a ‘light brine’ with TDS
Ambulatory care of children treated with anticonvulsants - pitfalls after discharge from hospital.

BACKGROUND
Anticonvulsants require special consideration particularly at the interface from hospital to ambulatory care.


PATIENTS AND METHOD
Observational study for 6 months with prospectively enrolled consecutive patients in a neuropediatric ward of a university hospital (age 0-<18 years) with long-term therapy of at least one anticonvulsant. Assessment of outpatient prescriptions after discharge. Parent interviews for emergency treatment for acute seizures and safety precautions.


RESULTS
We identified changes of the brand in 19/82 (23%) patients caused by hospital's discharge letters (4/82; 5%) or in ambulatory care (15/82; 18%). In 37/76 (49%) of patients who were deemed to require rescue medication, no recommendation for such a medication was included in the discharge letters. 17/76 (22%) of the respective parents stated that they had no immediate access to rescue medication. Safety precautions were applicable in 44 epilepsy patients. We identified knowledge deficits in 27/44 (61%) of parents.


CONCLUSION
Switching of brands after discharge was frequent. In the discharge letters, rescue medications were insufficiently recommended. Additionally, parents frequently displayed knowledge deficits in risk management.
Catheter ablation of atrial fibrillation in patients with heart failure: impact of maintaining sinus rhythm on heart failure status and long-term rates of stroke and death.

AIMS
Catheter ablation of atrial fibrillation (AF) in patients with heart failure (HF) can improve left ventricular (LV) function and HF symptoms. We aimed to investigate whether long-term maintenance of sinus rhythm impacts on hard outcomes such as stroke and death.


METHODS AND RESULTS
An international multicentre registry was compiled from seven centres for consecutive patients undergoing catheter ablation of AF. Long-term freedom from AF was examined in patients with and without HF. The impact of maintaining sinus rhythm on rates of stroke and death was also examined. A total of 1273 patients were included: 171 with HF and 1102 without. Median follow-up was 3.1 years (IQR 2.0-4.3). The final procedure success rate was no different for paroxysmal AF (PAF) (78.7 vs. 85.7%, P = 0.186), but significantly different for persistent AF (57.3 vs. 75.8%, P < 0.001). Multivariate analysis showed that HF independently predicted recurrent arrhythmia [hazard ratio (HR) 1.7, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.2-2.4, P = 0.002]. New York Heart Association class decreased from 2.3 ± 0.7 at baseline to 1.5 ± 0.8 at follow-up (P < 0.001). Left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) increased from 34.3 ± 9.0 to 45.8 ± 12.8% (P < 0.001). Recurrent AF was strongly predictive of stroke or death in HF patients (HR 8.33, 95% CI 1.86-37.7, P = 0.001).


CONCLUSION
Long-term success rates for persistent (but not paroxysmal) AF ablation are significantly lower in HF patients. Left ventricular function and HF symptoms were improved following ablation. In HF patients, recurrent arrhythmia strongly predicted stroke and death during follow-up.
The mediating role of self-efficacy in the development of entrepreneurial intentions.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the mediating role of self-efficacy in the development of students' intentions to become entrepreneurs. The authors used structural equation modeling with a sample of 265 master of business administration students across 5 universities to test their hypotheses. The results showed that the effects of perceived learning from entrepreneurship-related courses, previous entrepreneurial experience, and risk propensity on entrepreneurial intentions were fully mediated by entrepreneurial self-efficacy. Contrary to expectations, gender was not mediated by self-efficacy but had a direct effect such that women reported lower entrepreneurial career intentions. The authors discuss practical implications and directions for future research.
Effect of shortening the barrel in contact shots from rifles and shotguns

In a suicidal gunshot fired to the chest from a carbine, the barrel of which had been shortened to half its original length, an unexpectedly large degree of destruction of the anterior thoracic wall with extensive undermining of the subcutis was found. This phenomenon was investigated for reconstructive purposes by firing test shots from two different long guns (caliber 7.92 × 57 repeating rifle with full-jacketed pointed bullet and caliber 12/70 single-barreled shotgun with shotgun slug) into blocks of soap (38 × 25 × 25 cm). The contact shots were fired before and after shortening the barrels (repeating rifle from 60 to 30 cm and single-barreled shotgun from 72 to 36 cm). The volume of the cavities in the simulant was visualized three-dimensionally with the help of a multislice computed tomography (CT) scanner and calculated sectionally. With the repeating rifle and the single-barreled shotgun, the shots from the sawed-off barrels produced significantly larger cavity diameters in the first section of the bullet track. This effect is attributable to the fact that, with a shortened barrel, the gas pressure at the muzzle is higher, thus, leading to increased expansion in the initial part of the wound track in contact shots.
Dynamic Clustering in Object Databases Exploiting Effective Use of Relationships Between Objects

This paper concerns the problem of clustering objects onto units of secondary storage to minimise the number of I/O operations in database applications. We first investigate problems associated with most existing clustering schemes. We then propose STD, a Statistic-based Tunable and Dynamic clustering strategy which is able to overcome deficiencies of existing solutions. Our main contributions concern the dynamicity of the solution without adding high overhead and excessive volume of statistics. Reorganisations are performed only when the corresponding overhead is strictly justified. Clustering specifications are built from observation upon objects life, capturing any type of logical or structural inter-object links. Moreover, our clustering mechanism does not need any user or administrators hints, but remains user-controlled. A partial validation of STD has been made using Texas.
The Perceived Realism of African American Portrayals on Television

Based on questionnaire responses from 412 undergraduate students, this study sought to examine specific perceptions (i.e., occupational roles, negative personality characteristics, low achieving status, and positive stereotypes) of African American portrayals on television. Results revealed that television viewers perceive the occupational roles and personality characteristics that African Americans portray on television as real or true to life. On the contrary, viewers do not perceive the low-achieving roles and positive stereotypes of African Americans on television as realistic or accurate. These findings support past research that suggests that television can affect the way viewers think about African Americans in general.
Efficiently Mining Long Patterns from Databases

We present a pattern-mining algorithm that scales roughly linearly in the number of maximal patterns embedded in a database irrespective of the length of the longest pattern. In comparison, previous algorithms based on Apriori scale exponentially with longest pattern length. Experiments on real data show that when the patterns are long, our algorithm is more efficient by an order of magnitude or more.
AN ORDER-LEVEL INVENTORY MODEL FOR A DETERIORATING ITEM WITH WEIBULL DISTRIBUTION DETERIORATION , TIME-QUADRATIC DEMAND AND SHORTAGES

Abstract An inventory model is developed for a deteriorating item having an instantaneous supply, a quadratic time-varying demand and shortages in inventory. A two-parameter Weibull distribution is taken to represent the time to deterioration. The model is solved analytically to obtain the optimal solution of the problem. It is then illustrated with the help of a numerical example. The sensitivity of the optimal solution towards changes in the values of different system parameters is also studied. Special features of a time-quadratic demand are discussed.
An experimental investigation of crack initiation in thin sheets of nitinol

An experimental investigation into the fracture properties of 160-11m-thick edge-cracked specimens of austenitic nickel-titanium (niti­ nol) under uniaxial tension is presented. Using the in situ optical technique of digital image correlation (DIC), strain fields directly relat­ ing to phase boundary nucleation and propagation of fracture samples were observed for the first time. The shape and size of the saturation and transformation zones as a function of loading near the crack tip were examined. An average plane strain crack initiation fracture toughness (Ke) of 51.4 ± 3.6 MPa ..;m for fine grained polycrystalline nitinol sheets at room temperature was measured. The extent and nature of the phase transformation obtained from Ole, combined with the relatively high value of Kc , underscores the impor­ tance of crack tip shielding in the fracture of shape memory alloys. © 2007 Acta Materialia Inc. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. KeylVords: Phase transformation; Shape-memory alloys; Fracture
Sex differences in the pharmacokinetics of levodopa in elderly patients with Parkinson disease.

OBJECTIVES
Levodopa (LD) is the most effective antiparkinsonian drug used in the treatment of Parkinson disease (PD). Sex differences in the bioavailability of LD have been shown previously. In addition, epidemiological sex differences in PD have been reported, suggesting an involvement of estrogen. In this study, we evaluated the pharmacokinetics of LD in elderly patients with PD to examine the influence of estrogen.


METHODS
After the oral administration of a tablet of LD 100 mg/carbidopa 10 mg in 128 PD patients (including 91 elderly patients; age at examination, 75 years or older), plasma LD concentrations were measured at 6 points until 180 minutes, and pharmacological parameters were calculated. Then, differences in these parameters between sex were compared.


RESULTS
The area under the curve (AUC) and the AUC adjusted for body weight were found to be significantly greater in the female subjects compared with the male subjects (P < 0.0001 and P < 0.0001, respectively). Furthermore, in the elderly patients, the AUC and the AUC adjusted for body weight were significantly greater among the female subjects (P < 0.0001 and P < 0.0001, respectively).


CONCLUSIONS
Even in the elderly cohort, the women had a significantly greater bioavailability of LD. In conclusion, to avoid the development of motor complications during LD treatment, it is important to consider the sex differences in the bioavailability of LD.
Digital Transformation Through SaaS Multiclouds

There are lots of big companies that would love to switch from their big legacy systems to avoid compromises in functionality, make them more agile, lower IT costs, and help them to become faster to market. This article describes how they can make the move.
Sexual and reproductive health status among young people in Nepal : opportunities and barriers for sexual health education and services

This article attempts to summarise the situation of sexual and reproductive health among young people in Nepal. Modernisation and social transformation are occurring rapidly in Nepalese society. Growing expansion of communication and transportation networks, urbanisation and in-migration of population to urban areas is creating a different sociocultural environment, which is conducive to more social interactions between young girls and boys in Nepal. Rising age at marriage has now opened a window of opportunity for pre-marital and unsafe sexual activity among young people in Nepal which creates risks of unwanted pregnancy, STIs/HIV and AIDS. Several socio-economic, demographic and cultural factors have been identifi ed as encouraging factors for risk taking behaviours among young people. Improving access to youth friendly services, implementing peer education programmes for school and out of school going adolescents, developing effective Information, Communication and Education (IEC) materials and curricula have been highly suggested to improve the existing young people’s sexual and reproductive health status.
Design And Implementation Of 2 Bit Ternary ALU Slice

This paper describes the architecture, design & implementation of 2 bit ternary ALU (T-ALU) slice. The proposed ALU is designed for two-bit operation & can be used for n bit operations by cascading n/2 ALU slices. This ALU is implemented using C-MOS ternary logic gates (T-Gates) for ternary arithmetic & logic circuits. Ternary gates are implemented using enhancement / depletion MOSFET technology, thus proposed ALU is suitable for LSI / VLSI implementation. The designed technique used here requires only two stages i.e . decoder & T-gates, as against three stages i.e. decoder, binary gates & encoder require in conventional ternary logic implementation. Index Terms : Ternary, Unary function, T-Gates, Literal.
Agent-based computational models and generative social science

is published by Princeton University Press and copyrighted, © 2006, by Princeton University Press. All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced in any form by any electronic or mechanical means (including photocopying, recording, or information storage and retrieval) without permission in writing from the publisher, except for reading and browsing via the World Wide Web. Users are not permitted to mount this file on any network servers.
Clinical and Functional Outcomes After 2 Years in the Early Detection and Intervention for the Prevention of Psychosis Multisite Effectiveness Trial

OBJECTIVE
To test effectiveness of the Early Detection, Intervention, and Prevention of Psychosis Program in preventing the onset of severe psychosis and improving functioning in a national sample of at-risk youth.


METHODS
In a risk-based allocation study design, 337 youth (age 12-25) at risk of psychosis were assigned to treatment groups based on severity of positive symptoms. Those at clinically higher risk (CHR) or having an early first episode of psychosis (EFEP) were assigned to receive Family-aided Assertive Community Treatment (FACT); those at clinically lower risk (CLR) were assigned to receive community care. Between-groups differences on outcome variables were adjusted statistically according to regression-discontinuity procedures and evaluated using the Global Test Procedure that combined all symptom and functional measures.


RESULTS
A total of 337 young people (mean age: 16.6) were assigned to the treatment group (CHR + EFEP, n = 250) or comparison group (CLR, n = 87). On the primary variable, positive symptoms, after 2 years FACT, were superior to community care (2 df, p < .0001) for both CHR (p = .0034) and EFEP (p < .0001) subgroups. Rates of conversion (6.3% CHR vs 2.3% CLR) and first negative event (25% CHR vs 22% CLR) were low but did not differ. FACT was superior in the Global Test (p = .0007; p = .024 for CHR and p = .0002 for EFEP, vs CLR) and in improvement in participation in work and school (p = .025).


CONCLUSION
FACT is effective in improving positive, negative, disorganized and general symptoms, Global Assessment of Functioning, work and school participation and global outcome in youth at risk for, or experiencing very early, psychosis.
Comparative Effects of Statins on the Kidney Function in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes.

AIM
Whether there are differences among statins in their effect on the kidney function in diabetic patients remains controversial. In this report, we aimed to examine the comparative effects of statins on the kidney function in a long-term follow-up study.


METHODS
This was a single-center longitudinal observational historical cohort study. We enrolled 326 Japanese adult ambulatory patients with type 2 diabetes who were newly prescribed one of four statins (pravastatin, rosuvastatin, atorvastatin and pitavastatin) and who had an estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) of ≥30 mL/min/1.73m(2). The outcome measurement was the annual rate of change in eGFR. We used the standardized inverse probability of treatment weighted (IPTW) method based on the propensity score to adjust for the effects of confounding factors. Furthermore, in order to take into account the variety in the number and spacing of eGFR measurements and the duration of the follow-up period for each individual, we conducted a linear mixed-effects model regression analysis.


RESULTS
The median follow-up period was 4.3years (range, 3.0-7.1years). In an analysis using the IPTW method, the mean (±standard error) annual rate of change in eGFR among the patients treated with pravastatin (-0.86±0.28 mL/min/1.73m(2)/year) was significantly lower than that observed among the patients treated with rosuvastatin (-1.80±0.27, p=0.02), atorvastatin (-1.99± 0.28, p=0.004) and pitavastatin (-2.23±0.49, p=0.02). Similar results were obtained in the linear mixed-effects model regression analysis.


CONCLUSIONS
Pravastatin may be superior to rosuvastatin, atorvastatin and pitavastatin in preserving the kidney function in patients with type 2 diabetes.
Data Mining: Web Data Mining Techniques, Tools and Algorithms: An Overview

Web data mining became an easy and important platform for retrieval of useful information. Users prefer World Wide Web more to upload and download data. As increasing growth of data over the internet, it is getting difficult and time consuming for discovering informative knowledge and patterns. Digging knowledgeable and user queried information from unstructured and inconsistent data over the web is not an easy task to perform. Different mining techniques are used to fetch relevant information from web (hyperlinks, contents, web usage logs). Web data mining is a sub discipline of data mining which mainly deals with web. Web data mining is divided into three different types: web structure, web content and web usage mining. All these types use different techniques, tools, approaches, algorithms for discover information from huge bulks of data over the web. Keywords—Web data mining; hyperlinks; usage logs; contents; patterns