LLukas22/scidocs huggingface dataset:
Combining Approaches to Support High Nature Value Farmland in Southern Transylvania , Romania

Abstract The region of Târnava Mare in Southern Transylvania contains extensive semi-natural open landscapes maintained by predominantly low-intensity farming, which is widespread in Romania and indeed many areas of Eastern Europe. Threats to these species-rich habitats from agricultural intensification and land abandonment have been increasing in recent years, to a large extent linked with Romania’s accession to the EU in 2007. At the same time, however, the opportunities for biodiversity conservation in the area have expanded. In 2008, the region became a Site of Community Importance (SCI) as part of the Natura 2000 network, and farmers have applied agri-environment schemes as part of the EU Common Agricultural Policy since 2006. Furthermore, the Târnava Mare region has been the location of several EU and nationally funded projects combining research, practical and information measures. In this article, we review these various instruments from the practical perspective of an NGO that has been working since 2004 to support High Nature Value farmland and rural communities in this region. We focus on three major support measures – agri-environment schemes, Natura 2000, and publicly funded conservation projects – and consider their effects individually and collectively. We conclude that the presence of multiple instruments can have synergistic effects on the conservation of semi-natural open habitats such as HNV farmland, and that this overlap provides a certain amount of resilience: if one instrument fails, another may fill the gap. Cross-cutting projects combining research with activities to tackle the “problem” of the socio-economic undesirability of low-intensity farming as well as the “symptom” of the loss of HNV farmland are also particularly important in this context.
Effects of Combined Elicitors on Tanshinone Metabolic Profiling and SmCPS Expression in Salvia miltiorrhiza Hairy Root Cultures

Tanshinones are abietane-type norditerpenoid quinone natural products found in a well-known traditional Chinese medicinal herb, Salvia miltiorrhiza Bunge. The copalyl diphosphate synthase of S. miltiorrhiza (SmCPS) is the key enzyme in the first step for transformation of geranylgeranyl diphosphate (GGPP) into miltiradiene, which has recently been identified as the precursor of tanshinones. Based on previous gene-to-metabolite network, this study examined the influences of various combined elicitors on the expression of SmCPS and production of tanshinones in S. miltiorrhiza hairy root cultures. Combined elicitors were composed of three classes of elicitors, a heavy metal ion (Ag⁺), a polysaccharide (yeast extract, YE), and a plant response-signalling compound (methyl jasmonate, MJ). YE + Ag⁺, Ag⁺ + MJ, YE + MJ, and YE + Ag⁺ + MJ were the combinations we tested. The effect of elicitors on the SmCPS expression level was detected by quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR), and the tanshinones accumulation responses to elicitation were analysed by Ultra Performance Liquid Chromatography (UPLC) metabolite profiling. Of these combined elicitors, the expression of SmCPS was significantly enhanced by elicitation, especially at 24 h and 36 h. Of four tanshinones detected, the contents of cryptotanshinone and dihydrotanshinone I were enhanced by treatment with YE + Ag⁺, Ag⁺ + MJ, and YE + Ag⁺ + MJ. Our results indicate that appropriate combined elicitors can enhance tanshinones production in hairy root cultures.
A Museum in a Book: Teaching Culture through Decolonizing, Arts-Based Methodologies.

This paper explores the positivist, museum-based, and touristic constructions of indigenous cultures in the Americas, as represented in the DK Eyewitness series, and then overturns these constructions using an artist book created by the authors. In our analysis of the nonfiction series, we identified three trajectories: cataloguing, consignment to the past, and pleasurable display. Using techniques borrowed from "new historiography" and the decolonizing methodologies of Linda Tuhiwai Smith (1999), we suggest ways in which adults and young people might "speak back" to these positivist paradigms. Visual Abstract Page 1 of 31 A Museum in a Book: Teaching Culture through Decolonizing, Arts-based Methodologie... http://www.ijea.org/v12lai1/index.html
Supporting conflict resolution in cooperative design systems

Complex modern-day artifacts are designed cooperatively by groups of experts, each with their own areas of expertise. The interaction of such experts inevitably involves conflict. This paper presents an implemented computational model, based on studies of human cooperative design, for supporting the resolution of such conflicts. This model is based centrally on the insights that general conflict resolution expertise exists separately from domain-level design expertise, and that this expertise can be instantiated in the context of particular conflicts into specific advice for resolving those conflicts. Conflict resolution expertise consists of a taxonomy of design conflict classes in addition to associated general advice suitable for resolving conflicts in these classes. The abstract nature of conflict resolution expertise makes it applicable to a wide variety of design domains. This paper describes this conflict resolution model and provides examples of its operation from an implemented cooperative design system for local area network design that uses machinebased design agents. How this model is being extended to support and learn from collaboration of human design agents is also discussed. * This paper appears in IEEE Transactions on Systems, Man and Cybernetics. Special Issue on Distributed Artificial Intelligence. Volume 21, Number 6, December 1991.
Simplified motion control of a two-axle compliant framed wheeled mobile robot

Kinematic models and motion control algorithms for a two-axle compliant frame mobile robot are examined. General kinematics describing the compliantly coupled nonholonomic kinematics are derived using velocity constraints that minimize traction forces and consider foreshortening of the frame. Given the complexity of these equations, the steering ratio a is defined to describe the relative heading angles of the front and rear axles. Simplified kinematic models are developed based upon a (Types I, II, and III) and the reference point used to guide the robot. Physical limitations and performance metrics (lateral mobility and maneuverability per unit of traction force) are derived to evaluate the models. Six groups of simulations and 24 experimental tests consisting of 120 trials evaluate the performance of the algorithms on carpet, sand, and sand with rocks. Results indicate that Type I (curvature-based steering) provides superior maneuverability and regulation accuracy, whereas Type II provides excellent lateral mobility at the cost of high traction forces, reduced accuracy, and potential singularities. Both models offer significant reductions in complexity for simplified control using standard curvature-based unicycle control algorithms. These results support expectations derived from performance metrics and physical limitations. Experimental results also demonstrate the efficacy of the robot to adapt to and maneuver over extremely rugged rocky terrain.
Homeschooling the Child with Autism: Answers to the Top Questions Parents and Professionals Ask

The Authors. Acknowledgments. Foreword. Introduction. 1 Questions About Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD). 1 What Is ASD and How Do the Core Areas of Impairment Affect Students in a Traditional School Setting? 2 Is There Peer-Reviewed Research That Supports Homeschooling for Students with ASD? 3 Why Do Some Families of Children with ASD Consider Homeschooling? 2 Questions About Homeschooling. 4 What Are the Different Types of Homeschooling? 5 How Do Parents Choose the Right Type of Homeschool Program for Their Child? 6 What Are the Reported Advantages of Homeschooling Children with ASD? 7 What Are the Challenges of Homeschooling Children with ASD? 3 Questions About Resources for Homeschoolers. 8 What Supports, Resources, and Curricula Are Available and How Can Families Access Them? 9 What Special Education Services Is My Child Entitled to If I Choose to Homeschool? 10 How Should a Family Get Started with Homeschooling? 4 Questions About Teaching Strategies. 11 How Should the Core Defi cits of Social Skills and Social Thinking Be Addressed? 12 How Can Social Opportunities Be Incorporated into the Homeschooler's Day? 13 How Should the Core Defi cits in Organizational Skills and Thinking Be Addressed? 14 How Can Interests Be Incorporated into Instruction? 15 How Should the Daily Schedule Be Designed? 16 How Can Parents Address Behavioral Issues? 17 How Can Parents Determine the Appropriate Accommodations and Modifi cations That are Necessary for Curricular Success? 5 Questions About Transition. 18 When Should Parents Consider a Transition Back to Traditional Educational Settings or Programs and How Is This Done? 19 How Should a Family Plan for Transition to College? 20 What Are Other Postsecondary Options Besides College? 6 Questions for Homeschooling Parents. Interview with Janelle Lewis. Interview with Karen Crum. Interview with Connie Ajay. Interview with Michelle King. Interview with Ann Coe. 7 Questions for Homeschooled Children on the Autism Spectrum. Interview with Ben-Age Eleven. Interview with Bobby-Age Thirteen. Interview with Katie-Age Fifteen Interview with Ian-Age Seventeen. Glossary of Terms and Acronyms. Notes. Index.
Understanding evaluation of faces on social dimensions

People reliably and automatically make personality inferences from facial appearance despite little evidence for their accuracy. Although such inferences are highly inter-correlated, research has traditionally focused on studying specific traits such as trustworthiness. We advocate an alternative, data-driven approach to identify and model the structure of face evaluation. Initial findings indicate that specific trait inferences can be represented within a 2D space defined by valence/trustworthiness and power/dominance evaluation of faces. Inferences along these dimensions are based on similarity to expressions signaling approach or avoidance behavior and features signaling physical strength, respectively, indicating that trait inferences from faces originate in functionally adaptive mechanisms. We conclude with a discussion of the potential role of the amygdala in face evaluation.
Predicting human behavior: The next frontiers

Machine learning has provided researchers with new tools for understanding human behavior. In this article, we briefly describe some successes in predicting behaviors and describe the challenges over the next few years.
A predator-prey model with disease in prey

Abstract. The present investigation deals with the disease in the prey population having significant role in curbing the dynamical behaviour of the system of prey-predator interactions from both ecological and mathematical point of view. The predator-prey model introduced by Cosner et al. [1] has been wisely modified in the present work based on the biological point of considerations. Here one introduces the disease which may spread among the prey species only. Following the formulation of the model, all the equilibria are systematically analyzed and the existence of a Hopf bifurcation at the interior equilibrium has been duly carried out through their graphical representations with appropriate discussion in order to validate the applicability of the system under consideration.
GrameneMart: the BioMart data portal for the Gramene project

Gramene is a well-established resource for plant comparative genome analysis. Data are generated through automated and curated analyses and made available through web interfaces such as GrameneMart. The Gramene project was an early adopter of the BioMart software, which remains an integral and well-used component of the Gramene website. BioMart accessible data sets include plant gene annotations, plant variation catalogues, genetic markers, physical mapping entities, public DNA/mRNA sequences of various types and curated quantitative trait loci for various species. DATABASE URL: http://www.gramene.org/biomart/martview.
Applications of data mining algorithms to analysis of medical data

Medical datasets have reached enormous capacities. This data may contain valuable information that awaits extraction. The knowledge may be encapsulated in various patterns and regularities that may be hidden in the data. Such knowledge may prove to be priceless in future medical decision making. The data which is analyzed comes from the Polish National Breast Cancer Prevention Program ran in Poland in 2006. The aim of this master's thesis is the evaluation of the analytical data from the Program to see if the domain can be a subject to data mining. The next step is to evaluate several data mining methods with respect to their applicability to the given data. This is to show which of the techniques are particularly usable for the given dataset. Finally, the research aims at extracting some tangible medical knowledge from the set. The research utilizes a data warehouse to store the data. The data is assessed via the ETL process. The performance of the data mining models is measured with the use of the lift charts and confusion (classification) matrices. The medical knowledge is extracted based on the indications of the majority of the models. The experiments are conducted in the Microsoft SQL Server 2005. The results of the analyses have shown that the Program did not deliver good-quality data. A lot of missing values and various discrepancies make it especially difficult to build good models and draw any medical conclusions. It is very hard to unequivocally decide which is particularly suitable for the given data. It is advisable to test a set of methods prior to their application in real systems. The data mining models were not unanimous about patterns in the data. Thus the medical knowledge is not certain and requires verification from the medical people. However, most of the models strongly associated patient's age, tissue type, hormonal therapies and disease in family with the malignancy of cancers. The next step of the research is to present the findings to the medical people for verification. In the future the outcomes may constitute a good background for development of a Medical Decision Support System.
The book of days : a miscellany of popular antiquities

s will be included. Each issue will be divided into the 19 subject sections, within which will be listed the bibliographic citations and abstracts. A subject and author index covering the issues will be included. Annual: The volume index issued annually, hardbound, and totaling about 2000 pages, will include all of the year's bibliographic citations, listed alphabetically by author, followed by a subject index referencing authors and abstracts for all 12 issues. The index in this panded publication will have greater depth than one in the former annual.
Living with prostate cancer: randomised controlled trial of a multimodal supportive care intervention for men with prostate cancer

Prostate cancer is the most common male cancer in developed countries and diagnosis and treatment carries with it substantial morbidity and related unmet supportive care needs. These difficulties may be amplified by physical inactivity and obesity. We propose to apply a multimodal intervention approach that targets both unmet supportive care needs and physical activity. A two arm randomised controlled trial will compare usual care to a multimodal supportive care intervention "Living with Prostate Cancer" that will combine self-management with tele-based group peer support. A series of previously validated and reliable self-report measures will be administered to men at four time points: baseline/recruitment (when men are approximately 3-6 months post-diagnosis) and at 3, 6, and 12 months after recruitment and intervention commencement. Social constraints, social support, self-efficacy, group cohesion and therapeutic alliance will be included as potential moderators/mediators of intervention effect. Primary outcomes are unmet supportive care needs and physical activity levels. Secondary outcomes are domain-specific and health-related quality of life (QoL); psychological distress; benefit finding; body mass index and waist circumference. Disease variables (e.g. cancer grade, stage) will be assessed through medical and cancer registry records. An economic evaluation will be conducted alongside the randomised trial. This study will address a critical but as yet unanswered research question: to identify a population-based way to reduce unmet supportive care needs; promote regular physical activity; and improve disease-specific and health-related QoL for prostate cancer survivors. The study will also determine the cost-effectiveness of the intervention. ACTRN12611000392965
A very large Brazilian pedigree with 11778 Leber's hereditary optic neuropathy.

PURPOSE
We conducted extensive epidemiological, neuro-ophthalmological, psychophysical, and blood examinations on a newly discovered, very large pedigree with molecular analysis showing mtDNA mutation for Leber's hereditary optic neuropathy (LHON).


METHODS
Four patients representing four index cases from a remote area of Brazil were sent to Sao Paulo, where complete ophthalmological examinations strongly suggested LHON. Molecular analysis of their blood demonstrated that they were LHON, homoplasmic 11778, J-haplogroup. They had an extensive family that all lived in one rural area in Brazil. To investigate this family, we drew on a number of international experts to form a team that traveled to Brazil. This field team also included several members of the Federal University of Sao Paulo, and together we evaluated 273 of the 295 family members that were still alive. We conducted epidemiological interviews emphasizing possible environmental risk factors, comprehensive neuro-ophthalmological examinations, psychophysical tests, Humphrey visual field studies, fundus photography, and blood testing for both mitochondrial genetic analysis and nuclear gene linkage analysis.


RESULTS
The person representing the first-generation case immigrated from Verona, Italy, to Colatina. Subsequent generations demonstrated penetrance rates of 71%, 60%, 34%, 15%, and 9%. The percentages of males were 60%, 50%, 64%, 100%, and 100%. Age at onset varied from 10 to 64 years, and current visual acuities varied from LP to 20/400.


CONCLUSIONS
Almost 95% of a nearly 300-member pedigree with LHON 11778 were comprehensively studied. Analysis of environmental risk factors and a nuclear modifying factor from this group may help address the perplexing mystery of LHON: Why do only some of the genetically affected individuals manifest the disease? This fully described database may also provide an excellent opportunity for future clinical trials of any purported neuroprotective agent.
Closing midline abdominal incisions

The most important wound complications are surgical site infection, wound dehiscence and incisional hernia. Experimental and clinical evidences support that the development of wound complications is closely related to the surgical technique at wound closure. The suture technique monitored through the suture length-to-wound length ratio is of major importance for the development of wound complications. The risk of wound dehiscence is low with a high ratio. The ratio must be higher than 4; otherwise, the risk of developing an incisional hernia is increased four times. With a ratio higher than 4, both the rate of wound infection and incisional hernia are significantly lower if closure is done with small stitches placed 5 to 8 mm from the wound edge than with larger stitches placed more than 10 mm from the wound edge. Midline incisions should be closed in one layer by a continuous suture technique. A monofilament suture material should be used and be tied with self-locking knots. Excessive tension should not be placed on the suture. Wounds must always be closed with a suture length-to-wound length ratio higher than 4. The only way to ascertain this is to measure, calculate and document the ratio at every wound closure. A high ratio should be accomplished with many small stitches placed 5 to 8 mm from the wound edge at very short intervals.
Injury in kite buggying: the role of the ‘out-of-buggy experience’

BACKGROUND
The purpose of this descriptive, epidemiological study is to classify injury patterns and determine dynamics of injuries, possible causes and preventive measures.


METHODS
A questionnaire was filled in by 127 kite buggying enthusiasts in 17 countries. Injuries were classified by type and anatomical site. Incident causes were analysed using the Haddon matrix.


RESULTS
Injuries classified as moderate or severe (AIS score ≥ 2) were sustained by 26% of kite buggy enthusiasts. The most common incident dynamic (61.8%) was the OBE (an acronym for 'out-of-buggy experience'). Causal factors were largely equipment-related (42.3%), with remaining incidents being equally attributable to environmental and human factors. While upper and lower limbs were equally involved in incidents, the most frequently affected anatomical site was the shoulder (23%).


CONCLUSION
Kite buggying can be considered a sport with the potential for serious injury. Injury prevention in this sport needs to be approached from several angles and should include the development and adoption of automatic release systems and shoulder guards, the establishment of formal training programs covering the subject of meteorology and the establishment of secure, designated kite buggying areas. Findings from this study are important for two reasons. First, they demonstrate the significance of understanding specific sports when considering health and safety, and second, the study provides specific data for the fast growing extreme sport of kite buggying.
Effects of acute exercise on mood and well-being in patients with major depressive disorder.

PURPOSE
This study was designed to determine if a single bout of moderate-intensity aerobic exercise would improve mood and well-being in 40 (15 male, 25 female) individuals who were receiving treatment for major depressive disorder (MDD).


METHODS
All participants were randomly assigned to exercise at 60-70% of age-predicted maximal heart rate for 30 min or to a 30-min period of quiet rest. Participants completed both the Profile of Mood States (POMS) and Subjective Exercise Experiences Scale (SEES) as indicators of mood 5 min before, and 5, 30, and 60 min following their experimental condition.


RESULTS
Both groups reported similar reductions in measures of psychological distress, depression, confusion, fatigue, tension, and anger. Only the exercise group, however, reported a significant increase in positive well-being and vigor scores.


CONCLUSION
Although 30 min of either moderate-intensity treadmill exercise or quiet rest is sufficient to improve the mood and well-being of patients with MDD, exercise appears to have a greater effect on the positively valenced states measured.
Efficient hardware voxelization

This paper presentes a novel algorithm for the voxelization of surface models of arbitrary topology. Our algorithm uses the depth and stencil buffers, available in most commercial graphics hardware, to achieve high performance. It is suitable for both polygonal meshes and parametric surfaces. Experiments highlight the advantages and limitations of our approach.