LLukas22/scidocs huggingface dataset:
The age of the universe, the size of the Sun and planets based upon the Theory of General Relativity and Euclidean geometry

If rapid motion is added in the form of redshift to the Earth as a result of expansion of space which in turn complements the notion of an expanding universe, the information may be used to calculate both distances and time periods. In this same manner, by applying the known formula for light propagation in moving systems to the motion of the Earth (as a component of the Milky Way Galaxy), the radius of the universe and the time period required for the development of the cosmos can be estimated. When the above is combined with Einstein’s principle of equivalence and it is applied to situations when an accelerated system and gravitational field exist together at the same time, a ‘short evolving distance’ pointing towards the origin of the universe can be calculated. Furthermore, knowledge of the entire plane angle and the deviating angle of a light beam grazing the surface of the Earth renders it possible to determine enormous distances by utilizing the rules of trigonometry. This ‘long evolving distance’ in the range of the radius of the universe can be converted into ‘evolving time’ by dividing it by the speed of light. Based upon this alternative dating method, at a figure of 3.1415 redshift, the universe may have been formed 13.7355 billion years ago. In the case of the inverse ratio of the angles, the size of the Sun and the planets equates to what is known.
Two Treatment Approaches for Missing Maxillary Lateral Incisors: A Case

Missing maxillary lateral incisors create an esthetic problem with specific orthodontic and prosthetic considerations. The aim of the present study is to evaluate the clinical success of the transmucosal flapless implant placement and immediate loading of the implants to restore the agenic lateral incisors after completing the orthodontic treatment and during the retention period.
High Accuracy and Visibility-Consistent Dense Multiview Stereo

Since the initial comparison of Seitz et al. [48], the accuracy of dense multiview stereovision methods has been increasing steadily. A number of limitations, however, make most of these methods not suitable to outdoor scenes taken under uncontrolled imaging conditions. The present work consists of a complete dense multiview stereo pipeline which circumvents these limitations, being able to handle large-scale scenes without sacrificing accuracy. Highly detailed reconstructions are produced within very reasonable time thanks to two key stages in our pipeline: a minimum s-t cut optimization over an adaptive domain that robustly and efficiently filters a quasidense point cloud from outliers and reconstructs an initial surface by integrating visibility constraints, followed by a mesh-based variational refinement that captures small details, smartly handling photo-consistency, regularization, and adaptive resolution. The pipeline has been tested over a wide range of scenes: from classic compact objects taken in a laboratory setting, to outdoor architectural scenes, landscapes, and cultural heritage sites. The accuracy of its reconstructions has also been measured on the dense multiview benchmark proposed by Strecha et al. [59], showing the results to compare more than favorably with the current state-of-the-art methods.
Channel estimation in OFDM systems

English) xx Abstract(Arabic) xxiiArabic) xxii
Probing the transition state region in catalytic CO oxidation on Ru

Femtosecond x-ray laser pulses are used to probe the carbon monoxide (CO) oxidation reaction on ruthenium (Ru) initiated by an optical laser pulse. On a time scale of a few hundred femtoseconds, the optical laser pulse excites motions of CO and oxygen (O) on the surface, allowing the reactants to collide, and, with a transient close to a picosecond (ps), new electronic states appear in the O K-edge x-ray absorption spectrum. Density functional theory calculations indicate that these result from changes in the adsorption site and bond formation between CO and O with a distribution of OC–O bond lengths close to the transition state (TS). After 1 ps, 10% of the CO populate the TS region, which is consistent with predictions based on a quantum oscillator model.
Dance movement therapy in the context of geriatric psychiatry

.......................................................................................................... 3 Introduction ...................................................................................................... 4 Methods........................................................................................................... 7 Procedure ..................................................................................................... 7 Inclusion and exclusion criteria ..................................................................... 8 Data extraction and quality assessment ....................................................... 8 Results ............................................................................................................ 9 Included studies ........................................................................................... 9 Quality of included articles .......................................................................... 13 Excluded studies ........................................................................................ 15 Fig. 1 CONSORT 2010 Flow Diagram ....................................................... 16 Table 1: Primary studies ............................................................................. 17 Table2: Secondary studies ......................................................................... 18 Discussion ..................................................................................................... 19 Conclusion ..................................................................................................... 22 Acknowledgements ....................................................................................... 22 References .................................................................................................... 23 Appendix ....................................................................................................... 32
Subcision versus 100% trichloroacetic acid in the treatment of rolling acne scars.

BACKGROUND
Acne scarring is common but surprisingly difficult to treat. Newer techniques and modifications to older ones may make this refractory problem more manageable. The 100% trichloroacetic acid (TCA) chemical reconstruction of skin scars (CROSS) method is a safe and effective single modality for the treatment of atrophic acne scars, whereas subcision appears to be a safe technique that provides significant improvement for rolling acne scars.


OBJECTIVE
To compare the effect of the 100% TCA CROSS method with subcision in treating rolling acne scars.


METHODS
Twenty patients of skin types III and IV with bilateral rolling acne scars received one to three sessions of the 100% TCA CROSS technique for scars on the left side of the face and subcision for scars on the right side.


RESULTS
The mean decrease in size and depth of scars was significantly greater for the subcision side than the 100% TCA CROSS (p<.001). More side effects in the form of pigmentary alteration were observed with the 100% TCA CROSS method.


CONCLUSION
For rolling acne scars in patients with Fitzpatrick skin types III and IV, subcision shows better results with fewer side effects than the 100% TCA CROSS technique, although further decrease in scar depth with time occurs more significantly after 100% TCA CROSS.
Coin rotation task: a valid test for manual dexterity in multiple sclerosis.

BACKGROUND
Impaired manual dexterity is frequent and disabling in people with multiple sclerosis (MS). Therefore, convenient, quick, and validated tests for manual dexterity in people with MS are needed.


OBJECTIVE
The aim of this study was to validate the Coin Rotation Task (CRT) for examining manual dexterity in people with MS.


DESIGN
This was a cross-sectional study.


METHODS
A total of 101 outpatients with MS were assessed with the CRT, the Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS), the Scale for the Assessment and Rating of Ataxia (SARA), and the Modified Ashworth Scale (MAS); muscle strength and sensory deficits of the hands were noted. The concurrent validity and diagnostic accuracy of the CRT were determined by comparison with the 9-Hole Peg Test (9HPT). Construct validity was determined by comparison with a valid dexterity questionnaire. Multiple regression analyses were done to explore correlations of the CRT with the EDSS, SARA, MAS, muscle strength, and sensory deficits.


RESULTS
The CRT correlated significantly with the 9HPT (r=.73, P<.0001), indicating good concurrent validity. The cutoff values for the CRT relative to the 9HPT were 18.75 seconds for the dominant hand (sensitivity=81.5%, specificity=80.0%) and 19.25 seconds for the nondominant hand (sensitivity=90.3%, specificity=81.8%); these values indicated good diagnostic accuracy. Furthermore, the CRT correlated significantly with the dexterity questionnaire (r=-.49, P<.0001), indicating moderate construct validity. Multiple regression analyses revealed that the EDSS was the strongest predictor for impaired dexterity.


LIMITATIONS
Most of the people examined had relapsing-remitting MS and EDSS scores of up to 7.


CONCLUSIONS
This study validated the CRT as a test that can be used easily and quickly to evaluate manual dexterity in people with MS.
Energy demand prediction using GMDH networks

The electric power industry is in transition as it moves towards a competitive and deregulated environment. In this emerging market, traditional electric utilities as well as energy traders, power pools and independent system operators (ISOs) need the capability to predict as precisely as possible how much energy their customers will use in the near future. This paper presents a medium-term the end-use consumption sector of the energy system, representing residential, industrial, commercial, non-industrial, entertainment and public lighting load. The demand forecasting system is organized and implemented in a modular fashion using high accuracy forecast models. These models are developed for each sector to account for the growth trends and seasonal effects. A comparative evaluation of various traditional and neural network-based methods for obtaining the forecast of monthly energy demand was carried out. Among the models tested, artificial neural network (ANN)-based models were determined to produce better results. In particular, group method of data handling (GMDH) neural network, composed of self-organizing active neurons, was proven very effective in producing forecasts that were significantly more accurate and less labor-intensive than traditional time-series and regression-based models. & 2008 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
Exploring Relationships: A Systematic Review on Intimate Partner Violence and Attachment

Background: Intimate Partner Violence (IPV) is an important public health challenge. In recent years, there has been a greater awareness concerning this phenomenon, its causes and consequences. Due to the relational nature of IPV, attachment theory (Bowlby, 1988) appears a useful framework to read the phenomenon and to better understand its components and its dynamics to provide more precise and tailored interventions in the future. Purpose: To summarize our knowledge of the research concerning IPV and attachment with an aim to better design and implement future research. Methods: Computer database researches were conducted using the following databases: Psychinfo, Psycharticle, Medline, Scopus, Web of Science, and PubMed (all years to the 01/02/2018). Search terms were compiled into two concepts for all database namely Attachment and IPV. Results: After removing the duplicates, a total of 3,598 records was screened, resulting in the identification of 319 full-text articles to be further scrutinized. Upon closer examination, there was consensus that 113 of those studies met the study inclusion criteria. Data was organized considering specifically studies concerning (1) IPV victimization and attachment, (2) IPV perpetration and attachment (both these sections were articulated in Physical, Psychological, and Sexual IPV), and (3) New research (comprising same-sex couples, IPV and attachment in couple contexts and IPV profiles and attachment among perpetrators). Conclusion: A number of studies failed to find significant associations between insecure attachment and IPV victimization or perpetration. Additional research is needed to provide a greater understanding of different IPV forms and to aid in the development of prevention and treatment interventions.
Lens and retina formation require expression of Pitx3 in Xenopus pre-lens ectoderm.

Pitx3 is expressed in tissues fated to contribute to eye development, namely, neurula stage ectoderm and pre-chordal mesoderm, then presumptive lens ectoderm, placode, and finally lens. Pitx3 overexpression alters lens, optic cup, optic nerve, and diencephalon development. Many of the induced anomalies are attributable to midline deficits; however, as assessed by molecular markers, ectopic Pitx3 appears to temporarily enlarge the lens field. These changes are usually insufficient to generate either ectopic lenses to enlarge the eye that eventually differentiates. Conversely, use of a repressor chimera or of antisense morpholinos alters early expression of marker genes, and later inhibits lens development, thereby abrogating retinal induction. Reciprocal grafting experiments using wild-type and morpholino-treated tissues demonstrate that Pitx3 expression in the presumptive lens ectoderm is required for lens formation. Contradictory to recent assertions that retina can form in the absence of a lens, the expression of Pitx3 in the presumptive lens ectoderm is critical for retina development.
The Value of the Four Values

Abstract In his well-known paper “How computer should think” Belnap (1977) argues that four-valued semantics is a very suitable setting for computerized reasoning. In this paper we vindicate this thesis by showing that the logical role that the four-valued structure has among Ginsberg's bilattices is similar to the role that the two-valued algebra has among Boolean algebras. Specifically, we provide several theorems that show that the most useful bilattice-valued logics can actually be characterized as four-valued inference relations. In addition, we compare the use of three-valued logics with the use of four-valued logics, and show that at least for the task of handling inconsistent or uncertain information, the comparison is in favor of the latter.
A Generalization of Gustafson-Kessel Algorithm using a New Constraint Parameter

In this paper one presents a new fuzzy clustering algorithm based on a dissimilarity function determined by three parameters. This algorithm can be considered a generalization of the Gustafson-Kessel algorithm for fuzzy clustering.
Comparison of Q-Switched 1064-nm Nd: YAG laser and fractional CO2 laser efficacies on improvement of atrophic facial acne scar*

BACKGROUND
Acne scarring is treatable by a variety of modalities. Ablative carbon dioxide laser (ACL), while effective, is associated with undesirable side effect profiles. Newer modalities using the principles of fractional photothermolysis (FP) produce modest results than traditional carbon dioxide (CO(2)) lasers but with fewer side effects. A novel ablative CO(2) laser device use a technique called ablative fractional resurfacing (AFR), combines CO(2) ablation with a FP system. This study was conducted to compare the efficacy of Q-switched 1064-nm Nd: YAG laser and that of fractional CO(2) laser in the treatment of patients with moderate to severe acne scarring.


METHODS
Sixty four subjects with moderate to severe facial acne scars were divided randomly into two groups. Group A received Q-Switched 1064-nm Nd: YAG laser and group B received fractional CO(2) laser. Two groups underwent four session treatment with laser at one month intervals. Results were evaluated by patients based on subjective satisfaction and physicians' assessment and photo evaluation by two blinded dermatologists. Assessments were obtained at baseline and at three and six months after final treatment.


RESULTS
Post-treatment side effects were mild and transient in both groups. According to subjective satisfaction (p = 0.01) and physicians' assessment (p < 0.001), fractional CO(2) laser was significantly more effective than Q- Switched 1064- nm Nd: YAG laser.


CONCLUSIONS
Fractional CO2 laser has the most significant effect on the improvement of atrophic facial acne scars, compared with Q-Switched 1064-nm Nd: YAG laser.
Is It the Review or the Reviewer? a Multi-Method Approach to Determine the Antecedents of Online Review Helpfulness

As online reviews increasingly become part of the purchasing process, it is important to understand which components of these reviews consumers consider most helpful in facilitating the purchase decision process. Online retailer and rating websites with more helpful reviews offer greater potential value to their consumers. Through two studies, we seek to identify and better understand what makes a helpful consumer review. After an open-ended analysis of the qualities of a review identified by subjects' as helpful, we conducted a controlled experiment that manipulated both the review content and the description of the reviewer. One key finding is that reviews written by a self-described expert are more helpful than those that are not. This information can provide guidance to online retailers and rating websites in their efforts to provide value to their customers.
Effect of aliskiren on progression of coronary disease in patients with prehypertension: the AQUARIUS randomized clinical trial.

IMPORTANCE
Blood pressure reduction and renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system inhibition are targets for treatment of atherosclerosis. The effect of renin inhibition on coronary disease progression has not been investigated.


OBJECTIVE
To determine the effects of renin inhibition with aliskiren on progression of coronary atherosclerosis.


DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS
A double-blind, randomized, multicenter trial (Aliskiren Quantitative Atherosclerosis Regression Intravascular Ultrasound Study) comparing aliskiren with placebo in 613 participants with coronary artery disease, systolic blood pressure between 125 and 139 mm Hg (prehypertension range), and 2 additional cardiovascular risk factors conducted at 103 academic and community hospitals in Europe, Australia, and North and South America (enrollment from March 2009 to February 2011; end of follow-up: January 31, 2013).


INTERVENTIONS
Participants underwent coronary intravascular ultrasound (IVUS) imaging and were randomized to receive 300 mg of aliskiren (n = 305) or placebo (n = 308) taken orally daily for 104 weeks. Disease progression was measured by repeat IVUS examination after at least 72 weeks of treatment.


MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES
The primary efficacy parameter was the change in percent atheroma volume (PAV) from baseline to study completion. Secondary efficacy parameters included the change in normalized total atheroma volume (TAV) and the percentage of participants with atheroma regression. Safety and tolerability were also assessed.


RESULTS
Evaluable imaging data were available at baseline and follow-up for 458 participants (74.7%). The primary IVUS efficacy parameter, PAV, did not differ between participants treated with aliskiren (-0.33%; 95% CI, -0.68% to 0.02%) and placebo (0.11%; 95% CI, -0.24% to 0.45%) (between-group difference, -0.43% [95% CI, -0.92% to 0.05%]; P = .08). The secondary IVUS efficacy parameter, TAV, did not differ between participants treated with aliskiren (-4.1 mm3; 95% CI, -6.27 to -1.94 mm3) and placebo (-2.1 mm3; 95% CI, -4.21 to 0.07 mm3) (between-group difference, -2.04 mm3 [95% CI, -5.03 to 0.95 mm3]; P = .18). There were no significant differences in the proportion of participants who demonstrated regression of PAV (56.9% vs 48.9%; P = .08) and TAV (64.4% vs 57.5%; P = .13) in the aliskiren and placebo groups, respectively.


CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE
Among participants with prehypertension and coronary artery disease, the use of aliskiren compared with placebo did not result in improvement or slowing of progression of coronary atherosclerosis. These findings do not support the use of aliskiren for regression or prevention of progression of coronary atherosclerosis.


TRIAL REGISTRATION
clinicaltrials.gov Identifier: NCT00853827.
Constellation Templates: An Approach to Autonomous Formation Flying

Multiple spacecraft ying in formation is a new paradigm that is key to the success of several future NASA missions. These missions include space-based interferometers, where a constellation of spacecraft coordinate their motion to create a large baseline interferometer that is easy to reconngure and reorient. The coordination and control of a constellation of spacecrafts dictates several interesting design requirements, including eecient architec-tures and algorithms for formation acquisition, formation reorientation and formation resizing. This paper proposes the use of constellation templates as a uniform architecture to address these problems. A constellation template is a virtual pattern, with an inertial position and orientation, that speciies the desired position and attitude of each spacecraft within the constellation. Using constellation templates, eecient algorithms for formation acquisition and reorientation are developed.
Isolated ductus arteriosus aneurysm in the fetus and infant: a multi-institutional experience.

OBJECTIVES
The purpose of this study was to describe the clinical characteristics and outcome and to elucidate the pathogenesis of ductus arteriosus aneurysm (DAA).


BACKGROUND
Ductus arteriosus aneurysm is a rare lesion that can be associated with severe complications including thromboembolism, rupture and death.


METHOD
We reviewed the clinical records, diagnostic imaging studies and available histology of 24 cases of DAA, diagnosed postnatally (PD) in 15 and antenatally (AD) in 9 encountered in five institutions.


RESULTS
Of PD cases, 13 presented at <2 months, and all AD cases were detected incidentally after 33 weeks of gestation during a late trimester fetal ultrasound study. Of the 24, only 4 had DAA-related symptoms and 6 had associated syndromes: Marfan, Smith-Lemli-Opitz, trisomies 21 and 13 and one possible Ehlers-Danlos. Three had complications related to the DAA: thrombus extension into the pulmonary artery, spontaneous rupture, and asymptomatic cerebral infarction. Six underwent uncomplicated DAA resection for ductal patency, DAA size or extension of thrombus. In the four examined, there was histologic evidence of reduced intimal cushions in two and abnormal elastin expression in two. Five of the 24 died, with only one death due to DAA. Of 19 survivors, all but one remain clinically asymptomatic at a median follow-up of 35 months; however, two have developed other cardiac lesions that suggest Marfan syndrome. A review of 200 consecutive third trimester fetal ultrasounds suggests an incidence of DAA of 1.5%.


CONCLUSIONS
Ductus arteriosus aneurysm likely develops in the third trimester perhaps due to abnormal intimal cushion formation or elastin expression. Although it can be associated with syndromes and severe complications, many affected infants have a benign course. Given the potential for development of other cardiac lesions associated with connective tissue disease, follow-up is warranted.