LLukas22/scidocs huggingface dataset:
Video game characteristics, happiness and flow as predictors of addiction among video game players: A pilot study

AIMS
Video games provide opportunities for positive psychological experiences such as flow-like phenomena during play and general happiness that could be associated with gaming achievements. However, research has shown that specific features of game play may be associated with problematic behaviour associated with addiction-like experiences. The study was aimed at analysing whether certain structural characteristics of video games, flow, and global happiness could be predictive of video game addiction.


METHOD
A total of 110 video game players were surveyed about a game they had recently played by using a 24-item checklist of structural characteristics, an adapted Flow State Scale, the Oxford Happiness Questionnaire, and the Game Addiction Scale.


RESULTS
The study revealed decreases in general happiness had the strongest role in predicting increases in gaming addiction. One of the nine factors of the flow experience was a significant predictor of gaming addiction - perceptions of time being altered during play. The structural characteristic that significantly predicted addiction was its social element with increased sociability being associated with higher levels of addictive-like experiences. Overall, the structural characteristics of video games, elements of the flow experience, and general happiness accounted for 49.2% of the total variance in Game Addiction Scale levels.


CONCLUSIONS
Implications for interventions are discussed, particularly with regard to making players more aware of time passing and in capitalising on benefits of social features of video game play to guard against addictive-like tendencies among video game players.
Building DC microgrids: Planning of an experimental platform with power hardware in the loop features

DC power distribution systems for building application are gaining interest both in academic and industrial world, due to potential benefits in terms of energy efficiency and capital savings. These benefits are more evident were the end-use loads are natively DC (e.g., computers, solid-state lighting or variable speed drives for electric motors), like in data centers and commercial buildings, but also in houses. When considering the presence of onsite renewable generation, e.g. PV or micro-wind generators, storage systems and electric vehicles, DC-based building microgrids can bring additional benefits, allowing direct coupling of DC loads and DC Distributed energy Resources (DERs). A number of demonstrating installations have been built and operated around the world, and an effort is being made both in USA and Europe to study different aspects involved in the implementation of a DC distribution system (e.g. safety, protection, control) and to develop standards for DC building application. This paper discusses on the planning of an experimental DC microgrid with power hardware in the loop features at the University of Naples Federico II, Dept. of Electr. Engineering and Inf. Technologies. The microgrid consists of a 3-wire DC bus, with positive, negative and neutral poles, with a voltage range of +/-0÷400 V. The system integrates a number of DERs, like PV, Wind and Fuel Cell generators, battery and super capacitor based storage systems, EV chargers, standard loads and smart loads. It will include also a power-hardware-in-the-loop platform with the aim to enable the real time emulation of single components or parts of the microgrid, or of systems and sub-systems interacting with the microgrid, thus realizing a virtual extension of the scale of the system. Technical features and specifications of the power amplifier to be used as power interface of the PHIL platform will be discussed in detail.
The Event Calculus Explained

This article presents the event calculus, a logic-based formalism for representing actions and their effects. A circumscriptive solution to the frame problem is deployed which reduces to monotonic predicate completion. Using a number of benchmark examples from the literature, the formalism is shown to apply to a variety of domains, including those featuring actions with indirect effects, actions with non-deterministic effects, concurrent actions, and continuous change.
Modelling and simulation of surface roughness in face milling

The paper presents a research on machined surface roughness in face milling of aluminium alloy on a low power cutting machine. Based on the results of the central-composite plan of experiment with varying machining parameters (number of revolutions spindle speed n, feed rate f and depth of cut a) and the roughness observed as output variable, two models have been developed: a regression model and a model based on the application of neural networks (NN model). The regression model (coefficient of determination of 0.965 or 0.952 adjusted) with insignificant lack of fit, provides a very good fit and can be used to predict roughness throughout the region of experimentation. Likewise, the model based on the application of neural networks approximates well the experimental results with the level of RMS (Root Mean Square) error in the phase of validation of 4.01 %. (Received in February 2012, accepted in March 2013. This paper was with the authors 4 months for 2 revisions.)
A Theory of Market Efficiency

We introduce a mathematical theory called market connectivity that gives concrete ways to both measure the efficiency of markets and find inefficiencies in large markets. The theory leads to new methods for testing the famous efficient markets hypothesis that do not suffer from the joint-hypothesis problem that has plagued past work. Our theory suggests metrics that can be used to compare the efficiency of one market with another, to find inefficiencies that may be profitable to exploit, and to evaluate the impact of policy and regulations on market efficiency. A market’s efficiency is tied to its ability to communicate information relevant to market participants. Market connectivity calculates the speed and reliability with which this communication is carried out via trade in the market. We model the market by a network called the trade network, which can be computed by recording transactions in the market over a fixed interval of time. The nodes of the network correspond to participants in the market. Every pair of nodes that trades in the market is connected by an edge that is weighted by the rate of trade, and associated with a vector that represents the type of item that is bought or sold. We evaluate the ability of the market to communicate by considering how it deals with shocks. A shock is a change in the beliefs of market participants about the value of the products that they trade. We compute the effect of every potential significant shock on trade in the market. We give mathematical definitions for a few concepts: • The tension and energy of the network are related concepts that measure the strength of the connections between sets of participants that trade similar items. They measure the amount of trade that is affected by significant shocks. They are high when there are many paths of high rate of trade that connect those with differing beliefs about the value of items. They are low when information from some large set of participants must take a long time to reach some other large set via trade. • A bottleneck in the network is a small set of nodes that monopolizes an unusually large share of the trade in the network. The nodes in the bottleneck have an incentive to set prices incorrectly and interfere with the fair transmission of information in the market. We give explicit mathematical definitions that capture these concepts and allow for quantitative measurements of market inefficiency. 1 ar X iv :1 70 2. 03 29 0v 1 [ qfi n. E C ] 9 F eb 2 01 7
Facies classification and reservoir significance of the Cenozoic intermediate and mafic igneous rocks in Liaohe Depression, East China

Abstract The facies classification and corresponding features of the Cenozoic intermediate and mafic igneous rocks are studied by analyzing drilling cores, cuttings and corresponding thin sections, as well as well-loggings and seismic profiles related to the boreholes in Liaohe Depression of Bohai Bay Basin. Six facies and sixteen sub-facies are classified: volcanic conduit facies (diatreme, crypto-explosive breccia and post-intrusive sub-facies), explosive facies (pyroclastic flow, surge, and fall deposits sub-facies), effusive lava flow facies (compound flow, tabular flow, hyaloclastite sub-facies), extrusive dome facies (outer zone, intermediate zone, and inner zone sub-facies), volcaniclastic facies (resedimented volcaniclastics, epiclast-bearing volcanogenic deposits sub-facies), and intrusive facies (margin, core sub-facies). The characteristics and recognition of these sixteen volcanic sub-facies are described and summarized in detail concerning their primary volcanic textures, structures, lithologic assemblages, genesis and material source, spatial occurrence and distribution. Volcanic sub-facies is the primary controlling factor on volcanic reservoir spaces and their configurations. They constrain the styles and degrees of subsequent tectonic fracture and secondary dissolution of the volcanics, thus determining the porosity, permeability, and efficiency of volcanic reservoirs. Three favorable reservoir zones in the Cenozoic intermediate and mafic igneous rocks in Eastern Sag of Liaohe Depression are compound lava flows, outer zone of extrusive dome, and margin of intrusive sub-facies. They should be taken as the major exploration targets of the volcanic reservoirs.
Sleep Disturbances in Mood Disorders.

The article provides an overview of common and differentiating self-reported and objective sleep disturbances seen in mood-disordered populations. The importance of considering sleep disturbances in the context of mood disorders is emphasized, because a large body of evidence supports the notion that sleep disturbances are a risk factor for onset, exacerbation, and relapse of mood disorders. In addition, potential mechanisms for sleep disturbance in depression, other primary sleep disorders that often occur with mood disorders, effects of antidepressant and mood-stabilizing drugs on sleep, and the adjunctive effect of treating sleep in patients with mood disorders are discussed.
RIBBON-1: randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, phase III trial of chemotherapy with or without bevacizumab for first-line treatment of human epidermal growth factor receptor 2-negative, locally recurrent or metastatic breast cancer.

PURPOSE
This phase III study compared the efficacy and safety of bevacizumab (BV) when combined with several standard chemotherapy regimens versus those regimens alone for first-line treatment of patients with human epidermal growth factor receptor 2-negative metastatic breast cancer.


PATIENTS AND METHODS
Patients were randomly assigned in 2:1 ratio to chemotherapy plus BV or chemotherapy plus placebo. Before random assignment, investigators chose capecitabine (Cape; 2,000 mg/m(2) for 14 days), taxane (Tax) -based (nab-paclitaxel 260 mg/m(2), docetaxel 75 or 100 mg/m(2)), or anthracycline (Anthra) -based (doxorubicin or epirubicin combinations [doxorubicin/cyclophosphamide, epirubicin/cyclophosphamide, fluorouracil/epirubicin/cyclophosphamide, or fluorouracil/doxorubicin/cyclophosphamide]) chemotherapy administered every 3 weeks. BV or placebo was administered at 15 mg/kg every 3 weeks. The primary end point was progression-free survival (PFS). Secondary end points included overall survival (OS), 1-year survival rate, objective response rate, duration of objective response, and safety. Two independently powered cohorts defined by the choice of chemotherapy (Cape patients or pooled Tax/Anthra patients) were analyzed in parallel.


RESULTS
RIBBON-1 (Regimens in Bevacizumab for Breast Oncology) enrolled 1,237 patients (Cape cohort, n = 615; Tax/Anthra cohort, n = 622). Median PFS was longer for each BV combination (Cape cohort: increased from 5.7 months to 8.6 months; hazard ratio [HR], 0.69; 95% CI, 0.56 to 0.84; log-rank P < .001; and Tax/Anthra cohort: increased from 8.0 months to 9.2 months; HR, 0.64; 95% CI, 0.52 to 0.80; log-rank P < .001). No statistically significant differences in OS between the placebo- and BV-containing arms were observed. Safety was consistent with results of prior BV trials.


CONCLUSION
The combination of BV with Cape, Tax, or Anthra improves clinical benefit in terms of increased PFS in first-line treatment of metastatic breast cancer, with a safety profile comparable to prior phase III studies.
Reflections on Palliative Care from the Jewish and Islamic Tradition

Spiritual care is a vital part of holistic patient care. Awareness of common patient beliefs will facilitate discussions about spirituality. Such conversations are inherently good for the patient, deepen the caring staff-patient-family relationship, and enhance understanding of how beliefs influence care decisions. All healthcare providers are likely to encounter Muslim patients, yet many lack basic knowledge of the Muslim faith and of the applications of Islamic teachings to palliative care. Similarly, some of the concepts underlying positive Jewish approaches to palliative care are not well known. We outline Jewish and Islamic attitudes toward suffering, treatment, and the end of life. We discuss our religions' approaches to treatments deemed unnecessary by medical staff, and consider some of the cultural reasons that patients and family members might object to palliative care, concluding with specific suggestions for the medical team.
A Hybrid ACO+CP for Balancing Bicycle Sharing Systems

The idea of bike sharing is to provide bikes to the citizens via stations that are located all around the city. At each station, bikes are stored in special racks, such that users can easily pick up or return a bike. However, popular stations are often emptied or filled very quickly, resulting in annoyed users who cannot return or retrieve bikes. To avoid this, the stations must be balanced. Bike sharing systems are balanced by distributing bikes from one station to another by using specific vehicles. Therefore, balancing the system corresponds to finding a tour for each vehicle, including loading and unloading instructions per station such that the resulting system is balanced. Clearly, balancing bike sharing systems is a difficult task, since it requires solving a vehicle routing problem combined with distributing single commodities (bikes) according to the target values at the stations. In the following, we are consistent with the notation introduced in [5]. We consider balancing a bike sharing system with S stations S = {1, . . . , S} and a set of depots D = {S + 1, . . . , S +D}, where each station s ∈ S has a capacity Cs > 0, a number of available bikes bs and the number of target bikes ts that denotes the number of bikes that should be at station s after balancing the system. We use V vehicles V = {1, . . . , V } with capacity cv > 0 and initial load b̂v ≥ 0 that distribute the bikes within maximal t̂v > 0 time units. The travel times between stations (and the depots) is given by a travel time matrix ttu,v ∗Scheduling and Timetabling Group, Department of Electrical, Management and Mechanical Engineering, University of Udine, Via Delle Scienze, 206 33100 Udine, Italy – {luca.digaspero,tommaso.urli}@uniud.it †DTS Mobility Department, Austrian Institute of Technology. Giefinggasse 2, 1210 Vienna, Austria – andrea.rendl@ait.ac.at
Clash of Symmetries in a Brane World Picture

If our (3+1) dimensional universe is a brane or domain wall embedded in a higher dimensional space, then a phenomenon that may be designated as ”Clash of Symmetries” provides a new method of breaking continuous symmetries. The paper presents some nontrivial models containing the physical ideas.
A review of artificial intelligence

This paper reviews the field of artificial intelligence focusing on embodied artificial intelligence. It also considers models of artificial consciousness, agent-based artificial intelligence and the philosophical commentary on artificial intelligence. It concludes that there is almost no consensus nor formalism in the field and that the achievements of the field are meager.
A robust, coarse-to-fine traffic sign detection method

We present a traffic sign detection method which has won the first place for the prohibitory and mandatory signs and the third place for the danger signs in the GTSDB competition. The method uses the histogram of oriented gradient (HOG) and a coarse-to-fine sliding window scheme. Candidate ROIs are first roughly detected within a small-sized window, and then further verified within a large-sized window for higher accuracy. Experimental results show that the proposed method achieves high recall and precision ratios, and is robust to various adverse situations including bad lighting condition, partial occlusion, low quality and small projective deformation.
Gender equality in education: Definitions and measurements

International consensus on education priorities accords an important place to achieving gender justice in the educational sphere. Both the Dakar ‘Education for All’ goals and the Millennium Development goals emphasise two goals, in this regard. These two goals are distinguished as gender parity goals [achieving equal participation of girls and boys in all forms of education based on their proportion in the relevant age-groups in the population] and gender equality goals [ensuring educational equality between boys and girls]. In turn these have been characterised as quantitative/numerical and qualitative goals respectively. In order to consider progress towards both types of goal, both quantitative and qualitative assessments need to be made of the nature of progress towards gender equality. Achieving gender parity is just one step towards gender equality in and through education. An education system with equal numbers of boys and girls participating, who may progress evenly through the system, may not in fact be based on gender equality. Following Wilson (Human Rights: Promoting gender equality in and through education. Background paper for EFA GMR 2003/4, 2003) a consideration of gender equality in education therefore needs to be understood as the right to education [access and participation], as well as rights within education [gender-aware educational environments, processes, and outcomes], and rights through education [meaningful education outcomes that link education equality with wider processes of gender justice]. r 2005 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Results of a transtheoretical model-based alcohol, tobacco and other drug intervention in middle schools.

BACKGROUND
Early use of alcohol, tobacco, and other drugs threatens the physical and mental well-being of students and continued use negatively affects many areas of development. An internet-based, tailored intervention based on the Transtheoretical Model of Behavior Change was delivered to middle school students to reduce alcohol, tobacco, and other drug use. This internet-based approach requires very little faculty and staff time, which is efficient given curricular demands.


METHODS
Twenty-two middle schools in the United States were matched and randomly assigned to either the intervention or control conditions (N=1590 students who had ever used substances). Participants received one pre-test assessment, three thirty-minute intervention sessions over three months, and two post-test assessments (3 and 14 months after pre-test, respectively).


RESULTS
Random effects logistic models showed significant treatment effects for the intervention group when compared to the control group at the 3-month post-test.


CONCLUSIONS
This program has the potential to be applied as stand-alone practice or as part of more intensive interventions to promote substance use cessation.
Coenzyme Q 10 and exercise training in chronic heart failure

Aims There is evidence that plasma coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10) levels decrease in patients with advanced chronic heart failure (CHF). However, it is not known whether oral CoQ10 supplementation may improve cardiocirculatory efficiency and endothelial function in patients with CHF. Methods and results We studied 23 patients in NYHA class II and III (20 men, three women, mean age 59+9 years) with stable CHF secondary to ischaemic heart disease [ejection fraction 37+ 7%], using a double-blind, placebo-controlled cross-over design. Patients were assigned to each of the following treatments: oral CoQ10 (100 mg tid), CoQ10 plus supervised exercise training (ET) (60% of peak VO2, five times a week), placebo, and placebo plus ET. Each phase lasted 4 weeks. Both peak VO2 and endothelium-dependent dilation of the brachial artery (EDDBA) improved significantly after CoQ10 and after ET as compared with placebo. CoQ10 main effect was: peak VO2þ 9%, EDDBA þ38%, systolic wall thickening score index (SWTI) 212%; ET produced comparable effects. CoQ10 supplementation resulted in a four-fold increase in plasma CoQ10 level, whereas the combination with ET further increased it. No side effects were reported with CoQ10. Conclusions Oral CoQ10 improves functional capacity, endothelial function, and LV contractility in CHF without any side effects. The combination of CoQ10 and ET resulted in higher plasma CoQ10 levels and more pronounced effects on all the abovementioned parameters. However, significant synergistic effect of CoQ10 with ET was observed only for peak SWTI suggesting that ET amplifies the already described effect of CoQ10 on contractility of dysfunctional myocardium.
Brain damage from anticancer treatments in adults.

PURPOSE OF REVIEW
Treatment-induced brain toxicity remains a major cause of morbidity in adult patients with cancer. Contrasting with the 40-year-old unresolved controversy about the primary damaging event (vascular versus parenchymal) in the physiopathology, numerous prospective clinical trials have recently addressed the question of brain toxicity. Despite remarkable efforts in methodological design, they often only partially answer the questions of which treatment modalities are responsible, which brain functions are mainly impaired, how long the impairment duration is and which characteristics make patients vulnerable.


RECENT FINDINGS
Real advances in the design of safer radiation procedures have been counterbalanced by a wider use of combined radiotherapy-chemotherapy regimens, the development of radiosurgery and the increasing number of long-term survivors. Although classic radionecrosis or chemonecrosis has become less common, more subtle changes such as progressive cognitive dysfunction are increasingly reported after radiotherapy (radiation-induced leukoencephalopathy) or chemotherapy, administered alone or in combination as reviewed here. The methodological aspects of published studies are questioned and suggestions are provided that may improve the design of future trials.


SUMMARY
The abovementioned issue is of clinical importance given the number of patients treated for brain tumors, including patients with brain metastases, and the number of patients who are at high risk for brain metastasis who could benefit from prophylactic cranial irradiation. Moreover, drugs used in nonbrain tumors are now recognized to impair brain normal functioning.