LLukas22/scidocs huggingface dataset:
COMPARISON OF ECCENTRIC AND CONCENTRIC EXERCISE INTERVENTIONS IN ADULTS WITH SUBACROMIAL IMPINGEMENT SYNDROME.

BACKGROUND
Researchers have demonstrated moderate evidence for the use of exercise in the treatment of subacromial impingement syndrome (SAIS). Recent evidence also supports eccentric exercise for patients with lower extremity and wrist tendinopathies. However, only a few investigators have examined the effects of eccentric exercise on patients with rotator cuff tendinopathy.


PURPOSE
To compare the effectiveness of an eccentric progressive resistance exercise (PRE) intervention to a concentric PRE intervention in adults with SAIS.


STUDY DESIGN
Randomized Clinical Trial.


METHODS
Thirty-four participants with SAIS were randomized into concentric (n = 16, mean age: 48.6 ± 14.6 years) and eccentric (n = 18, mean age: 50.1 ± 16.9 years) exercise groups. Supervised rotator cuff and scapular PRE's were performed twice a week for eight weeks. A daily home program of shoulder stretching and active range of motion (AROM) exercises was performed by both groups. The outcome measures of the Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder, and Hand (DASH) score, pain-free arm scapular plane elevation AROM, pain-free shoulder abduction and external rotation (ER) strength were assessed at baseline, week five, and week eight of the study.


RESULTS
Four separate 2x3 ANOVAs with repeated measures showed no significant difference in any outcome measure between the two groups over time. However, all participants made significant improvements in all outcome measures from baseline to week five (p <  0.0125). Significant improvements also were found from week five to week eight (p < 0.0125) for all outcome measures except scapular plane elevation AROM.


CONCLUSION
Both eccentric and concentric PRE programs resulted in improved function, AROM, and strength in patients with SAIS. However, no difference was found between the two exercise modes, suggesting that therapists may use exercises that utilize either exercise mode in their treatment of SAIS.


LEVEL OF EVIDENCE
Therapy, level 1b.
URBAN SPACE AND THE USES OF CULTURE

This special issue of the International Journal of Cultural Policy contributes to the discussion about the increasingly high-profile nature of cultural programs in inner-city urban regeneration initiatives. Whether these initiatives come under the rubrics of “creative industries”, “cultural planning” or “cultural development”, they have at their core a nexus between urban planning and cultural programming. The logic of this nexus is to ensure urban development facilitates the possibilities for community and citizenly social democratic participation; culture is thought to be an ideal tool for ensuring both diverse community representation and participation. However, to what extent are the cultural components of such urban regeneration schemes window dressing for middle-class cultural consumption, or are there real social and cultural benefits for those publics (and practitioners) who, although being priced out of many of the leisure, cultural and residential facilities provided, nevertheless flock to its spaces?
Gromov's macroscopic dimension conjecture

In this note we construct a closed 4-manifold having torsion-free fundamental group and whose universal covering is of macroscopic dimension 3. This yields a counterexample to Gromov's conjecture about the falling of macroscopic dimension.
Coronary flow reserve during dipyridamole stress echocardiography predicts mortality.

OBJECTIVES
The goal of this study was to evaluate the ability of coronary flow reserve (CFR) over regional wall motion to predict mortality in patients with known or suspected coronary artery disease (CAD).


BACKGROUND
CFR evaluated using pulsed Doppler echocardiography testing on left anterior descending artery is the state-of-the-art method during vasodilatory stress echocardiography.


METHODS
In a prospective, multicenter, observational study, we evaluated 4,313 patients (2,532 men; mean age 65 ± 11 years) with known (n = 1,547) or suspected (n = 2,766) CAD who underwent high-dose dipyridamole (0.84 mg/kg over 6 min) stress echocardiography with CFR evaluation of left coronary descending artery (LAD) by Doppler. Overall mortality was the only endpoint analyzed.


RESULTS
Stress echocardiography was positive for ischemia in 765 (18%) patients. Mean CFR was 2.35 ± 0.68. At individual patient analysis, 1,419 (33%) individuals had CFR ≤2. During a median follow-up of 19 months (1st quartile 8; 3rd quartile 36), 146 patients died. The 4-year mortality was markedly higher in subjects with CFR ≤2 than in those with CFR >2, both considering the group with ischemia (39% vs. 7%; p < 0.0001) and the group without ischemia at stress echocardiography (12% vs. 3%; p < 0.0001). At multivariable analysis, CFR on LAD ≤2 (hazard ratio [HR]: 3.31; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 2.29 to 4.78; p < 0.0001), ischemia at stress echocardiography (HR: 2.40, 95% CI: 1.65 to 3.48, p < 0.0001), left bundle branch block (HR: 2.26, 95% CI: 1.50 to 3.41; p < 0.0001), age (HR: 1.08, 95% CI: 1.06-1.10; p < 0.0001), resting wall motion score index (HR: 3.52, 95% CI: 2.38 to 5.21; p < 0.0001), male sex (HR: 1.74, 95% CI: 1.12 to 2.52; p = 0.003), and diabetes mellitus (HR: 1.47, 95% CI: 1.03 to 2.08; p = 0.03) were independent predictors of mortality.


CONCLUSIONS
CFR on LAD is a strong and independent indicator of mortality, conferring additional prognostic value over wall motion analysis in patients with known or suspected CAD. A negative result on stress echocardiography with a normal CFR confers an annual risk of death <1% in both patient groups.
Kernelization of Tensor-Based Models for Multiway Data Analysis: Processing of Multidimensional Structured Data

Tensors (also called multiway arrays) are a generalization of vectors and matrices to higher dimensions based on multilinear algebra. The development of theory and algorithms for tensor decompositions (factorizations) has been an active area of study within the past decade, e.g., [1] and [2]. These methods have been successfully applied to many problems in unsupervised learning and exploratory data analysis. Multiway analysis enables one to effectively capture the multilinear structure of the data, which is usually available as a priori information about the data. Hence, it might provide advantages over matrix factorizations by enabling one to more effectively use the underlying structure of the data. Besides unsupervised tensor decompositions, supervised tensor subspace regression and classification formulations have been also successfully applied to a variety of fields including chemometrics, signal processing, computer vision, and neuroscience.
The development of the continuing case study

Problems in the "case study" format are quite commonly used in business and management subjects, and in "engineering management" at the postgraduate level. This paper outlines the case study system, believed to be unique, which has been developed and applied with considerable success for undergraduate engineering students at the University of Technology, Sydney.
Backbone rigidity and static presentation of guanidinium groups increases cellular uptake of arginine-rich cell-penetrating peptides

In addition to endocytosis-mediated cellular uptake, hydrophilic cell-penetrating peptides are able to traverse biological membranes in a non-endocytic mode termed transduction, resulting in immediate bioavailability. Here we analysed structural requirements for the non-endocytic uptake mode of arginine-rich cell-penetrating peptides, by a combination of live-cell microscopy, molecular dynamics simulations and analytical ultracentrifugation. We demonstrate that the transduction efficiency of arginine-rich peptides increases with higher peptide structural rigidity. Consequently, cyclic arginine-rich cell-penetrating peptides showed enhanced cellular uptake kinetics relative to their linear and more flexible counterpart. We propose that guanidinium groups are forced into maximally distant positions by cyclization. This orientation increases membrane contacts leading to enhanced cell penetration.
Design and development of GPS/GSM based vehicle tracking and alert system for commercial inter-city buses

In this paper we proposed the design, development and deployment of GPS (Global Positioning System)/GSM (Global System for Mobile Communications) based Vehicle Tracking and Alert System which allows inter-city transport companies to track their vehicles in real-time and provides an alert system for reporting armed robbery and accident occurrences.
Feasibility and Efficacy of an mHealth Game for Managing Anxiety: "Flowy" Randomized Controlled Pilot Trial and Design Evaluation.

OBJECTIVE
Meeting the complex needs of patients with chronic common mental health disorders (CMHDs) may be the greatest challenge facing organized medical practice. On the basis of a well-established and proven theoretical foundation for controlled respiration as a behavioral intervention for CMHDs, as well as preliminary evidence that gamification can improve health outcomes through increasing patient engagement, this randomized controlled pilot study evaluated the feasibility and clinical efficacy of a mobile health game called "Flowy" ( www.flowygame.com ) that digitally delivered breathing retraining exercises for anxiety, panic, and hyperventilation symptom management.


MATERIALS AND METHODS
We designed an unblinded, Web-based, parallel-group randomized controlled trial focusing on feasibility, clinical efficacy, and design proof of concept. In the intervention condition (n = 31), participants received free access to "Flowy" for 4 weeks. In the control condition (n = 32), participants were placed on a waitlist for 4 weeks before being offered free access to "Flowy." Online measurements using psychological self-report questionnaires were made at 2 and 4 weeks post-baseline.


RESULTS
At trial conclusion, participants found "Flowy" acceptable as an anxiety management intervention. "Flowy" engaged participants sufficiently to endorse proactive gameplay. Intent-to-treat analysis revealed a reduction in anxiety, panic, and self-report hyperventilation scores in both trial arms, with the intervention arm experiencing greater quality of life. Participants perceived "Flowy" as a fun and useful intervention, proactively used "Flowy" as part of their care, and would recommend "Flowy" to family and friends.


CONCLUSIONS
Our results suggest that a digital delivery of breathing retraining exercises through a mobile health game can manage anxiety, panic, and hyperventilation symptoms associated with CMHDs.
Genetic polymorphism of GSTM1 and antioxidant supplementation influence lung function in relation to ozone exposure in asthmatic children in Mexico City.

BACKGROUND
We recently reported that antioxidant supplementation with vitamins C and E mitigated ozone related decline in forced expiratory flow (FEF(25-75)) in 158 asthmatic children in an area with high ozone exposure in Mexico City.


METHODS
A study was undertaken to determine whether deletion of glutathione S-transferase M1 (GSTM1 null genotype), a gene involved in response to oxidative stress, influences ozone related decline in FEF(25-75) and the benefit of antioxidant supplementation.


RESULTS
GSTM1 null children receiving placebo had significant ozone related decrements in FEF(25-75) (percentage change per 50 ppb of ozone 2.9 (95% CI -5.2 to -0.6), p=0.01); GSTM1 positive children did not. Conversely, the effect of antioxidants was stronger in children with the GSTM1 null genotype.


CONCLUSIONS
Asthmatic children with a genetic deficiency of GSTM1 may be more susceptible to the deleterious effects of ozone on the small airways and might derive greater benefit from antioxidant supplementation.
Effects of a supportive educational nursing care programme on fatigue and quality of life in patients with heart failure: a randomised controlled trial.

BACKGROUND
Fatigue is a common symptom in patients with heart failure that is easy to ignore. In addition, fatigue may affect patients' physical function and psychosocial conditions that can impair their quality of life. An effective nursing care programme is required to alleviate patients' fatigue and improve their quality of life.


AIM
To investigate the effects of a supportive educational nursing care programme on fatigue and quality of life in patients with heart failure.


METHODS
A randomised controlled trial design was used. Ninety-two patients with heart failure were randomly assigned to an intervention group (n=47) or a control group (n=45). The patients in the intervention group participated in 12 weeks of a supportive educational nursing care programme including fatigue assessment, education, coaching self-care and evaluation. The intervention was conducted by a cardiac nurse during four face-to-face interviews and three follow-up telephone interviews. Fatigue and quality of life were assessed at the baseline and 4 weeks, 8 weeks and 12 weeks after enrollment in both groups.


RESULTS
The participants in the intervention group exhibited a significant decrease in the level of fatigue after 12 weeks, whereas those in the control group exhibited no significant changes. Compared with the control group, the intervention group exhibited a significantly greater decrease in the level of fatigue and significantly greater improvement in quality of life after 12 weeks of intervention.


CONCLUSIONS
The supportive educational nursing care programme was recommended to alleviate fatigue and improve quality of life in patients with heart failure.
Yoga vs. physical therapy vs. education for chronic low back pain in predominantly minority populations: study protocol for a randomized controlled trial

BACKGROUND
Chronic low back pain causes substantial morbidity and cost to society while disproportionately impacting low-income and minority adults. Several randomized controlled trials show yoga is an effective treatment. However, the comparative effectiveness of yoga and physical therapy, a common mainstream treatment for chronic low back pain, is unknown.


METHODS/DESIGN
This is a randomized controlled trial for 320 predominantly low-income minority adults with chronic low back pain, comparing yoga, physical therapy, and education. Inclusion criteria are adults 18-64 years old with non-specific low back pain lasting ≥ 12 weeks and a self-reported average pain intensity of ≥ 4 on a 0-10 scale. Recruitment takes place at Boston Medical Center, an urban academic safety-net hospital and seven federally qualified community health centers located in diverse neighborhoods. The 52-week study has an initial 12-week Treatment Phase where participants are randomized in a 2:2:1 ratio into i) a standardized weekly hatha yoga class supplemented by home practice; ii) a standardized evidence-based exercise therapy protocol adapted from the Treatment Based Classification method, individually delivered by a physical therapist and supplemented by home practice; and iii) education delivered through a self-care book. Co-primary outcome measures are 12-week pain intensity measured on an 11-point numerical rating scale and back-specific function measured using the modified Roland Morris Disability Questionnaire. In the subsequent 40-week Maintenance Phase, yoga participants are re-randomized in a 1:1 ratio to either structured maintenance yoga classes or home practice only. Physical therapy participants are similarly re-randomized to either five booster sessions or home practice only. Education participants continue to follow recommendations of educational materials. We will also assess cost effectiveness from the perspectives of the individual, insurers, and society using claims databases, electronic medical records, self-report cost data, and study records. Qualitative data from interviews will add subjective detail to complement quantitative data.


TRIAL REGISTRATION
This trial is registered in ClinicalTrials.gov, with the ID number: NCT01343927.
Geometry-and Appearance-based Reasoning of Construction Progress 1 Monitoring

9 Although adherence to project schedules and budgets is most highly valued by project owners, 10 more than 53% of typical construction projects are behind schedule and more than 66% suffer 11 from cost overruns, partly due to inability to accurately capture construction progress. To address 12 these challenges, this paper presents new geometryand appearance-based reasoning methods for 13 detecting construction progress, which has the potential to provide more frequent progress mea14 sures using visual data that are already being collected by general contractors. The initial step 15 of geometry-based filtering detects the state of construction of Building Information Modeling 16 (BIM) elements (e.g. in-progress, completed). The next step of appearance-based reasoning cap17 tures operation-level activities by recognizing different material types. Two methods have been 18 investigated for the latter step: a texture-based reasoning for image-based 3D point clouds and 19 color-based reasoning for laser scanned point clouds. This paper presents two case studies for 20 each reasoning approach for validating the proposed methods. The results demonstrate the effec21 tiveness and practical significances of the proposed methods. 22
Barriers to Recruiting an Adequate Sample in Rural Nursing Research

Recruiting an adequate sample in rural nursing research has its unique challenges. In this article, nurse researchers share their adventures in recruiting study participants from four studies in the rural West. Distilled from these adventures, the authors present several issues to consider when developing recruitment strategies as part of the overall planning of a rural study. These include: (a) uniqueness of the rural culture and context, higher costs of recruitment, (b) necessity for ruralsensitive recruitment materials, (c) over-sampling, and (d) lack of local research infrastructure.
andidate Gene Polymorphisms in the Serotonergic athway : Influence on Depression Symptomatology n an Elderly Population

ackground: Depressed mood is a major concern in the elderly, with consequences for morbidity and mortality. Previous studies have emonstrated that genetic factors in depression and subsyndromal depressive symptoms are no less important in the elderly than uring other life stages. Variations in genes included in the serotonin system have been suggested as risk factors for various psychiatric isorders but may also serve as candidates for normal variations in mood. ethods: This study included 684 elderly Danish twins to investigate the influence of 11 polymorphisms in 7 serotonin system genes n the mean level of depression symptomatology assessed over several years, reflecting individuals’ underlying mood level. esults: A suggestive association of sequence variations in genes responsible for the synthesis (TPH), recognition (5-HTR2A), and egradation (MAOA) of serotonin with depression symptomatology was found, although the effect was generally restricted to men. We lso found that a specific haplotype in VMAT2, the gene encoding the vesicular monoamine transporter, was significantly associated ith depression symptoms in men (p .007). onclusions: These results suggest that variations in genes encoding the components of serotonin metabolism may influence the basic ood level and that different genetic factors may apply in men and women.
The Launching of the EMS: An Analysis of Change in Foreign Economic Policy

Foreign exchange markets are subject to changing international regimes. When and why regimes change is a legitimate focus of political study. This is particularly so as shifts in foreign exchange markets modify relative prices in and between national economies. Authorities presiding over foreign exchange markets are answerable to their national policy communities and to their national electorates. They also operate within an international state system. Applying John S. Odell's framework to an analysis of the launch of the European Monetary System (EMS) in April 1978 by Chancellor Schmidt and President Giscard d'Estaing, it is argued that a market perspective alone would have failed to predict the establishment of the EMS. An analysis of the principal actors and their ideas; of the power political constellation; and of the domestic context in the Federal Republic and in France, contributes most to explaining expost the shift towards a European managed exchange rate regime. In this case, the neoclassical ma...
Trichoscopic findings in alopecia areata and their relation to disease activity, severity and clinical subtype in Turkish patients.

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVE
Trichoscopic studies of alopecia areata are helpful in the non-invasive diagnosis and prediction of the course of the disease. The objective was to determine the relationship of trichoscopic findings in alopecia areata with disease activity, severity and clinical subtype in Turkish patients.


METHODS
Trichoscopic examinations of 39 patients with alopecia areata were compared with 309 alopecia patients including psoriasis (n = 31), seborrhoeic dermatitis (n = 112), female androgenetic alopecia (n = 138), male androgenetic alopecia (n = 63), female androgenetic alopecia of male pattern (n = 5), telogen effluvium (n = 22) and trichotillomania (n = 4). A χ(2) test and logistic regression analysis were used for the statistical analysis. The odds ratios were calculated by cross tabulation.


RESULTS
There was no relationship between the alopecia areata subtype and trichoscopic findings. On the other hand, a honeycomb hyperpigmentation pattern, cumulus-like clustered white dots, white dots and black dotted pigmentation related to severe disease, while exclamation mark hairs related to mild disease. Exclamation mark hairs were found to be related to active disease while atypical red vessels and white dots were negatively related to disease activity.


CONCLUSION
In our study, further characteristic trichoscopic findings were detected in alopecia areata such as clustered white dots, multi-hair follicular unit, hidden hairs and black dotted pigmentation, in addition to previous findings. Hence, it is concluded that the identification and prediction of alopecia areata might be straightforward with the help of these new signs such as activation and severity findings.