LLukas22/scidocs huggingface dataset:
Mechanical properties, shrinkage stress, cuspal strain and fracture resistance of molars restored with bulk-fill composites and incremental filling technique.

OBJECTIVES
To compare bulk-fill with incremental filling techniques for restoring large mesio-occlusal-distal (MOD) restorations.


METHODS
Seventy-five molars with MOD preparations were divided into five groups: Z350XT, incrementally filled with Filtek Z350XT and four bulk-fills-FBF/Z350XT, Filtek Bulk Fill/Filtek Z350XT; VBF/CHA, Venus Bulk Fill/Charisma Diamond; SDR/EST-X, SDR/Esthet-X HD; TEC, TetricEvoCeram Bulk Fill. Cuspal strains were measured using strain-gauges (n=10): CSt-Re, during restorative procedure; CSt-100N, during 100N occlusal loading; CSt-Fr, at fracture load. Before fracture load, teeth were load-cycled. Fracture resistance, fracture mode, and enamel cracks were recorded. The other five teeth were used for Elastic modulus (E) and Vickers hardness (VH). Post-gel shrinkage (Shr), diametral tensile strength (DTS) and compressive strength (CS) were determined (n=10). Shrinkage stresses were analyzed using finite element analysis.


RESULTS
SDR had similar CS values as TEC, lower than all other composites. CHA had similar DTS values as Z350XT, higher than all other composites. Z350XT had the highest mean Shr and SDR the lowest Shr. New enamel cracks and propagation was observed after the restoration, regardless of filling technique. Z350XT had lower fracture resistance than bulk-fill composite techniques. No significant differences in failure modes were found. E and VH were constant through the depth for all techniques. Bulk-filling techniques had lower stresses compared to Z350XT.


CONCLUSIONS
Flowable bulk-fill composites had lower mechanical properties than paste bulk-fill and conventional composites. All bulk-fill composites had lower post-gel shrinkage than conventional composite. Bulk-fill filling techniques resulted in lower cusp strain, shrinkage stress and higher fracture resistance.


CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE
Using bulk-fill composites cause lower CSt wich indicates lower stress in restored tooth. Furthermore, bulk-fill composites have a higher fracture resistance. Therefore, clinicians may choose the bulk-fill composite to decrease undesirable effects of restoration while simplifying filling procedure.
Sclerochoroidal calcification: clinical manifestations and systemic associations.

BACKGROUND
Sclerochoroidal calcification is an unusual ocular condition that is believed to be idiopathic in most cases.


OBJECTIVES
To describe the clinical manifestations of sclerochoroidal calcification and to investigate its possible systemic associations.


METHODS
This noncomparative consecutive case series included patients diagnosed as having sclerochoroidal calcification based on clinical characteristics and diagnostic test findings. We analyzed the demographic, systemic, and ocular features of 27 such patients. Systemic evaluation included tests for calcium-phosphorus metabolism in 19 patients and renal tubular hypokalemic metabolic alkalosis syndromes (Bartter or Gitelman syndrome) in 13.


RESULTS
All the patients were asymptomatic older (mean age, 70 years) white individuals, incidentally noted as having a choroidal lesion on routine examination. Among 38 eyes, the main referral diagnoses were choroidal metastasis in 10 eyes (26%), choroidal melanoma in 8 (21%), and choroidal nevus in 4 (11%). Sixteen patients (59%) had unilateral clinical findings, while 11 (41%) had bilateral. The Snellen visual acuity was 20/50 or better in 37 eyes (97%). Cogan scleral plaque was visible anterior to the insertion of horizontal rectus muscles in 10 eyes (26%). Among 77 foci, there were a mean of 2 foci of sclerochoroidal calcification in each eye, 41 yellow (53%), 32 yellow-white (42%), 2 white (3%), and 2 orange (3%), measuring a mean 2.6 mm in diameter and 1.1 mm in thickness. The most common locations were postequatorial in 45 (58%), along the temporal vascular arcades in 30 (39%), and in the superotemporal quadrant in 43 (56%). A-scan and B-scan ultrasonography revealed dense echoes compatible with calcium, with orbital shadowing. All the lesions remained stable in size and configuration during a mean follow-up of 38 months. One patient developed a choroidal neovascular membrane over the area of sclerochoroidal calcification. Investigations for abnormal calcium-phosphorus metabolism in 19 patients revealed primary hyperparathyroidism in 1 patient (5%). Clinical and biochemical evaluation of 13 patients demonstrated hypomagnesemia in 6 (46%). Four patients (31%) met the criteria for the diagnosis of Gitelman syndrome.


CONCLUSIONS
Sclerochoroidal calcification usually manifests as multiple discrete yellow placoid lesions in the midperipheral fundus of asymptomatic older white individuals. Although most cases may be idiopathic in nature, some patients may have underlying systemic disorders involving abnormal calcium-phosphorus metabolism or renal tubular hypokalemic metabolic alkalosis syndromes. All patients with sclerochoroidal calcification should be tested for these treatable systemic associations.
Time-series prediction with applications to traffic and moving objects databases

In this paper we explore the application of travel-speed prediction to query processing in Moving Objects Databases. We propose to revise the motion plans of moving objects using the predicted travel-speeds. This revision occurs before answering queries. We develop three methods of doing this. These methods differ in the time when the motion plans are revised, and which of them are revised. We analyze the three methods theoretically and experimentally.
Compact Low-Profile Dual-Port Single Wideband Planar Inverted-F MIMO Antenna

This letter presents a very simple low-profile and compact single-element two-port planar inverted-F antenna (PIFA) with applications in Wireless Local Area Networks (WLAN) and Long Term Evolution (LTE) bands. The two feeding plates are placed perpendicular to each other where polarization diversity is exploited due to the fact that the two ports are cross-polarized. To isolate the two feeding ports, a slot is etched on the ground plane. This single-element PIFA has a height of h=5 mm, which makes it suitable for handheld applications and covers a wide frequency band from around 2.1 to 2.9 GHz for dB, therefore having applications in WLAN (2.45 GHz) and LTE and Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access (WiMAX) band (2.5-2.7 GHz), and can be used as a 4G terminal antenna for diversity and multiple-input-multiple-output (MIMO) applications .
Differential Power Analysis

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Therapists' professional and personal characteristics as predictors of outcome in short- and long-term psychotherapy.

BACKGROUND
Short- and long-term psychotherapies have been found effective for treating mood and anxiety disorders. Although psychotherapists differ in their effectiveness, virtually no comparative research exists on the therapist characteristics beneficial to short- or long-term therapy.


METHODS
Altogether 326 outpatients, aged 20-46 years, and suffering from mood or anxiety disorder, were randomly assigned to either short-term (solution-focused or psychodynamic therapy, combined) or long-term (psychodynamic) psychotherapy, and were followed up for 3 years. Therapies were provided by 55 volunteering therapists with at least 2 years of work experience in the given form of therapy. Therapists' professional and personal characteristics, measured before randomization, were assessed with the Development of Psychotherapists Common Core Questionnaire (DPCCQ). Patients' general psychiatric symptoms were assessed as the main outcome measure at baseline and 3, 7, 9, 12, 18, 24 and 36 months after start of treatment with the Symptom Check List, Global Severity Index (SCL-90-GSI).


RESULTS
Active, engaging, and extroverted therapists produced a faster symptom reduction in short-term therapy than in long-term therapy. More cautious, non-intrusive therapists generated greater benefits in long-term therapy during the 3-year follow-up. Therapists' lower confidence and enjoyment in therapeutic work predicted poorer outcomes in short-term therapy in the long run.


LIMITATIONS
Generalizability may be limited due to relatively experienced therapists.


CONCLUSIONS
Therapist characteristics apparently are important determinants of effectiveness of short- and long-term psychotherapy. If confirmed in future studies, results may be applied in training and supervision of therapists as well as in fitting therapy forms with therapist dispositions to maximize treatment benefits.
Design and performance testing of a 2.29-GB/s Rijndael processor

This contribution describes the design and performance testing of an Advanced Encryption Standard (AES) compliant encryption chip that delivers 2.29 GB/s of encryption throughput at 56 mW of power consumption in a 0.18m CMOS standard cell technology. This integrated circuit implements the Rijndael encryption algorithm, at any combination of block lengths (128, 192, or 25 bits) and key lengths (128, 192, or 256 bits). We present the chip architecture and discuss the design optimizations. We also present measurement results that were obtained from a set of 14 test samples of this chip.
Dextrose gel treatment does not impair subsequent feeding.

BACKGROUND
Dextrose gel is increasingly used as first-line treatment for neonatal hypoglycaemia. Treatment with 400 mg/kg previously has been reported to impair subsequent feeding. We sought to determine if the recommended dose of 200 mg/kg altered feeding.


METHODS
Hypoglycaemic babies were randomised to 200 mg/kg dextrose gel or placebo and fed. Prefeed alertness, quality and duration of breast feeding, and the volume of formula taken were assessed on the next feeding.


RESULTS
Prefeed alertness scores were similar in babies (n=211) treated with dextrose or placebo gel (124 episodes, OR=1.30 (95% CI 0.62 to 2.77), p=0.49). Breastfed babies were more likely to have good feeding scores after dextrose gel (160 episodes, OR=3.54 (95% CI 1.30 to 9.67), p=0.01) but similar breastfeeding duration (57 episodes, median (range) 20 (3-90) vs 25 (2-80) min, p=0.62). Formula volumes taken were also similar (24 episodes, median (range) 4.6 (2.2-11.3) vs 6.4 (2.0-8.9) mL/kg, p=0.30).


CONCLUSIONS
Treating hypoglycaemic babies with dextrose gel 200 mg/kg does not depress subsequent feeding and may improve breastfeeding quality.


TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER
ACTRN 12608000623392.
Mutations in WNT10A are present in more than half of isolated hypodontia cases.

BACKGROUND
Dental agenesis is the most common, often heritable, developmental anomaly in humans. Mutations in MSX1, PAX9, AXIN2 and the ectodermal dysplasia genes EDA, EDAR and EDARADD have been detected in familial severe tooth agenesis. However, until recently, in the majority of cases (∼90%) the genetic factor could not be identified, implying that other genes must be involved. Recent insights into the role of Wnt10A in tooth development, and the finding of hypodontia in carriers of the autosomal recessive disorder, odontooncychodermal dysplasia, due to mutations in WNT10A (OMIM 257980; OODD), make WNT10A an interesting candidate gene for dental agenesis.


METHODS
In a panel of 34 patients with isolated hypodontia, the candidate gene WNT10A and the genes MSX1, PAX9, IRF6 and AXIN2 have been sequenced. The probands all had isolated agenesis of between six and 28 teeth.


RESULTS
WNT10A mutations were identified in 56% of the cases with non-syndromic hypodontia. MSX1, PAX9 and AXIN2 mutations were present in 3%, 9% and 3% of the cases, respectively.


CONCLUSION
The authors identified WNT10A as a major gene in the aetiology of isolated hypodontia. By including WNT10A in the DNA diagnostics of isolated tooth agenesis, the yield of molecular testing in this condition was significantly increased from 15% to 71%.
Independent Mechanisms Lead to Genomic Instability in Hodgkin Lymphoma: Microsatellite or Chromosomal Instability †

Background: Microsatellite and chromosomal instability have been investigated in Hodgkin lymphoma (HL). Materials and Methods: We studied seven HL cell lines (five Nodular Sclerosis (NS) and two Mixed Cellularity (MC)) and patient peripheral blood lymphocytes (100 NS-HL and 23 MC-HL). Microsatellite instability (MSI) was assessed by PCR. Chromosomal instability and telomere dysfunction were investigated by FISH. DNA repair mechanisms were studied by transcriptomic and molecular approaches. Results: In the cell lines, we observed high MSI in L428 (4/5), KMH2, and HDLM2 (3/5), low MSI in L540, L591, and SUP-HD1, and none in L1236. NS-HL cell lines showed telomere shortening, associated with alterations of nuclear shape. Small cells were characterized by telomere loss and deletion, leading to chromosomal fusion, large nucleoplasmic bridges, and breakage/fusion/bridge (B/F/B) cycles, leading to chromosomal instability. The MC-HL cell lines showed substantial heterogeneity of telomere length. Intrachromosmal double strand breaks induced dicentric chromosome formation, high levels of micronucleus formation, and small nucleoplasmic bridges. B/F/B cycles induced complex chromosomal rearrangements. We observed a similar pattern in circulating lymphocytes of NS-HL and MC-HL patients. Transcriptome analysis confirmed the differences in the DNA repair pathways between the NS and MC cell lines. In addition, the NS-HL cell lines were radiosensitive and the MC-cell lines resistant to apoptosis after radiation exposure. Conclusions: In mononuclear NS-HL cells, loss of telomere integrity may present the first step in the ongoing process of chromosomal instability. Here, we identified, MSI as an additional mechanism for genomic instability in HL.
Overview of Digital Television Development Worldwide

This special issue of the proceedings of the IEEE presents a systematical and complete tutorial on digital television (DTV), produced by a team of DTV experts worldwide. This introductory paper puts the current DTV systems into perspective and explains the historical background and different evolution paths that each system took. The main focus is on terrestrial DTV systems, but satellite and cable DTV are also covered,as well as several other emerging services.
The effect of the neutropenic diet in the outpatient setting: a pilot study.

PURPOSE/OBJECTIVES
To determine whether use of the neutropenic diet in the outpatient setting decreases the number of febrile admissions and positive blood cultures associated with chemotherapy-induced neutropenia.


DESIGN
Descriptive pilot study.


SETTING
Outpatient chemotherapy unit of a medical center in a major metropolitan area.


SAMPLE
Convenience sample of 28 patients aged 33-67 years beginning treatment with 1 of 13 chemotherapy regimens.


METHODS
Twelve-week prospective study beginning on day 1 of chemotherapy cycle 1. Patients received instructions regarding the neutropenic diet before starting chemotherapy. Adherence assessment telephone calls were made at weeks 6 and 12. Hospital admission charts were reviewed at study completion.


MAIN RESEARCH VARIABLES
Adherence with neutropenic diet, number of febrile admissions, and number of positive blood cultures.


FINDINGS
Sixteen patients were compliant with the neutropenic diet, four of which were admitted for neutropenia with gram-negative rods. No significant differences were found in the rates of febrile admissions or positive blood cultures between compliant and noncompliant patients.


CONCLUSIONS
Clinical significance in this pilot study is related to the time required for diet education, content of diet education regarding food restrictions, and difficulty adhering to diet requirements given the multitude of side effects (e.g., nausea, vomiting, mouth sores, diarrhea) of chemotherapy.


IMPLICATIONS FOR NURSING
No clear evidence exists that the neutropenic diet makes a difference in overall rates of infection. Nursing research to compare the neutropenic diet with a less restrictive food safety education-focused diet is needed to guide clinical practice.
Motivation as an independent and a dependent variable in medical education: a review of the literature.

BACKGROUND
Motivation in learning behaviour and education is well-researched in general education, but less in medical education.


AIM
To answer two research questions, 'How has the literature studied motivation as either an independent or dependent variable? How is motivation useful in predicting and understanding processes and outcomes in medical education?' in the light of the Self-determination Theory (SDT) of motivation.


METHODS
A literature search performed using the PubMed, PsycINFO and ERIC databases resulted in 460 articles. The inclusion criteria were empirical research, specific measurement of motivation and qualitative research studies which had well-designed methodology. Only studies related to medical students/school were included.


RESULTS
Findings of 56 articles were included in the review. Motivation as an independent variable appears to affect learning and study behaviour, academic performance, choice of medicine and specialty within medicine and intention to continue medical study. Motivation as a dependent variable appears to be affected by age, gender, ethnicity, socioeconomic status, personality, year of medical curriculum and teacher and peer support, all of which cannot be manipulated by medical educators. Motivation is also affected by factors that can be influenced, among which are, autonomy, competence and relatedness, which have been described as the basic psychological needs important for intrinsic motivation according to SDT.


CONCLUSION
Motivation is an independent variable in medical education influencing important outcomes and is also a dependent variable influenced by autonomy, competence and relatedness. This review finds some evidence in support of the validity of SDT in medical education.
Two Beclin 1-binding proteins, Atg14L and Rubicon, reciprocally regulate autophagy at different stages

Beclin 1, a protein essential for autophagy, binds to hVps34/Class III phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase and UVRAG. Here, we have identified two Beclin 1 associated proteins, Atg14L and Rubicon. Atg14L and UVRAG bind to Beclin 1 in a mutually exclusive manner, whereas Rubicon binds only to a subpopulation of UVRAG complexes; thus, three different Beclin 1 complexes exist. GFP–Atg14L localized to the isolation membrane and autophagosome, as well as to the ER and unknown puncta. Knockout of Atg14L in mouse ES cells caused a defect in autophagosome formation. GFP–Rubicon was localized at the endosome/lysosome. Knockdown of Rubicon caused enhancement of autophagy, especially at the maturation step, as well as enhancement of endocytic trafficking. These data suggest that the Beclin 1–hVps34 complex functions in two different steps of autophagy by altering the subunit composition.
Growing thrombi release increased levels of CD235a(+) microparticles and decreased levels of activated platelet-derived microparticles. Validation in ST-elevation myocardial infarction patients.

BACKGROUND
Local fluid dynamics and exposed atherosclerotic lesions regulate thrombus formation. Activated cells in the attached thrombi release microparticles to the circulation (circulating microparticles [cMPs]); however, their phenotype is unknown.


OBJECTIVES
To investigate the specific phenotype of the cMPs released by growing thrombi.


METHODS/PATIENTS
cMPs released by thrombi growing in different well-characterized thrombogenic conditions were investigated. cMP contents just before and immediately after perfusion of the thrombogenic surfaces were analyzed by triple-labeling flow cytometry. cMPs were tested for their thrombin-generating capacity. The cMPs identified in the ex vivo perfusion experiments were validated in blood of ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) patients undergoing thrombectomy and percutaneous coronary intervention. Culprit coronary blood (STEMI-CCB) and peripheral artery blood (STEMI-PAB) were simultaneously analyzed and compared with peripheral artery blood from age-matched controls (C-PAB) and peripheral artery blood from patients who had recovered from acute coronary syndrome (ACS) (pSTEMI-PAB).


RESULTS
The levels of annexin V(+) cMPs significantly increased in blood collected after perfusion of the exposed thrombogenic surfaces. cMP release was directly related to the formed thrombus mass and the plasma procoagulant activity. Post-thrombus blood showed higher thrombin generation potential and contained higher levels of cMPs carrying glycophorin-A (CD235a(+) ; erythrocyte-derived microparticles [ErMPs]) than preperfusion blood (P < 0.05), whereas the levels of cMPs carrying activated and adhesion platelet markers were decreased. STEMI-CCB and STEMI-PAB had significantly higher ErMP levels than control blood (P < 0.005). ErMP levels were also significantly higher in STEMI-PAB than in pSTEMI-PAB, validating the experimental mechanistic studies and suggesting that ErMPs are markers of ongoing coronary thrombosis (C-statistics: 0.950; 95% confidence interval 0.889-1.000; P < 0.001).


CONCLUSION
Glycophorin-A-rich microparticles are released from evolving growing thrombi into the distal perfusing blood, and can be measured in peripheral blood. CD235a(+) cMPs may constitute a novel systemic biomarker of ongoing thrombosis.
COMMUNICATING THE INTANGIBLE: AN ANISHNAABEG STORY

The Euroamerican coauthor of this study initially became involved in the enterprise of crosscultural interpretation in the area of classical sinology. Trained in literary Chinese by the inductive method (Creel 193852), the problems associated with internalizing an alien mindset due to linguistic differences never arose. The inductive method taught the classical Chinese language by avoiding the teaching of grammar and rhetoric, substituting instead the assimilation of the language through learning to think in the language. In other words, the method was similar to the way traditional Chinese learned literary Chinese: the memorization of texts on ethics and morality to develop vocabulary in the context of acculturation. The effect on the coauthor was a shift in the basic perceptions of reality from one of the possibilities of Indo-European language cultures to that of traditional Chinese culture. The process was enhanced by the parallels of lifestyles in that both Euroamerican, at least in the 1960s, and traditional Chinese culture were socio-politically stratified, with intellectuals assumed to be minimally upper middle-class regardless of actual economic circumstances, and highly literate. Continuing education in the tradition by becoming close friends with some of the last generation of Chinese to be KEN PITAWANAKWAT IS AN ANISHNAABE HEALER IN TRAINING. JORDAN
The anchoring of a cholesteric liquid crystal at the free surface

The free surface of a cholesteric oligomer, examined by Atomic Force Microscopy, shows a periodic relief that is in relation to the half helical pitch. A thorough discussion of this relief and of the structure of the interfacial region which result from the interplay between the surface tension and the anchoring and distortion energies shows that the anchoring is strong but finite. Due to the anchoring at the free surface, the cholesteric is perturbed in an interfacial region, whose thickness is of the order of the half pitch. This region can be seen as made of two layers. The upper layer contains an array of defect lines whose spacing is larger than the half helix pitch. In the lower layer the pitch is adjusted to its equilibrium value by a progressive inclination of the helix axis. Such an interface exerts an oblique anchoring with respect to the helix axis.