LLukas22/scidocs huggingface dataset:
RGBD Human Action Recognition using Multi-Features Combination and K-Nearest Neighbors Classification

In this paper, we present a novel system to analyze human body motions for action recognition task from two sets of features using RGBD videos. The Bag-of-Features approach is used for recognizing human action by extracting local spatialtemporal features and shape invariant features from all video frames. These feature vectors are computed in four steps: Firstly, detecting all interest keypoints from RGB video frames using Speed-Up Robust Features and filters motion points using Motion History Image and Optical Flow, then aligned these motion points to the depth frame sequences. Secondly, using a Histogram of orientation gradient descriptor for computing the features vector around these points from both RGB and depth channels, then combined these feature values in one RGBD feature vector. Thirdly, computing Hu-Moment shape features from RGBD frames, fourthly, combining the HOG features with Hu-moments features in one feature vector for each video action. Finally, the k-means clustering and the multi-class K-Nearest Neighbor is used for the classification task. This system is invariant to scale, rotation, translation, and illumination. All tested are utilized on a dataset that is available to the public and used often in the community. By using this new feature combination method improves performance on actions with low movement and reach recognition rates superior to other publications of the dataset. Keywords—RGBD Videos; Feature Extraction; k-means Clustering; KNN (K-Nearest Neighbor)
Comparing Pandemic to Seasonal Influenza Mortality: Moderate Impact Overall but High Mortality in Young Children

BACKGROUND
We assessed the severity of the 2009 influenza pandemic by comparing pandemic mortality to seasonal influenza mortality. However, reported pandemic deaths were laboratory-confirmed - and thus an underestimation - whereas seasonal influenza mortality is often more inclusively estimated. For a valid comparison, our study used the same statistical methodology and data types to estimate pandemic and seasonal influenza mortality.


METHODS AND FINDINGS
We used data on all-cause mortality (1999-2010, 100% coverage, 16.5 million Dutch population) and influenza-like-illness (ILI) incidence (0.8% coverage). Data was aggregated by week and age category. Using generalized estimating equation regression models, we attributed mortality to influenza by associating mortality with ILI-incidence, while adjusting for annual shifts in association. We also adjusted for respiratory syncytial virus, hot/cold weather, other seasonal factors and autocorrelation. For the 2009 pandemic season, we estimated 612 (range 266-958) influenza-attributed deaths; for seasonal influenza 1,956 (range 0-3,990). 15,845 years-of-life-lost were estimated for the pandemic; for an average seasonal epidemic 17,908. For 0-4 yrs of age the number of influenza-attributed deaths during the pandemic were higher than in any seasonal epidemic; 77 deaths (range 61-93) compared to 16 deaths (range 0-45). The ≥75 yrs of age showed a far below average number of deaths. Using pneumonia/influenza and respiratory/cardiovascular instead of all-cause deaths consistently resulted in relatively low total pandemic mortality, combined with high impact in the youngest age category.


CONCLUSION
The pandemic had an overall moderate impact on mortality compared to 10 preceding seasonal epidemics, with higher mortality in young children and low mortality in the elderly. This resulted in a total number of pandemic deaths far below the average for seasonal influenza, and a total number of years-of-life-lost somewhat below average. Comparing pandemic and seasonal influenza mortality as in our study will help assessing the worldwide impact of the 2009 pandemic.
Smart Management of Multiple Energy Systems in Automotive Painting Shop

Automotive painting shops consume electricity and natural gas to provide the required temperature and humidity for painting processes. The painting shop is not only responsible for a significant portion of energy consumption with automobile manufacturers, but also affects the quality of the product. Various storage devices play a crucial role in the management of multiple energy systems. It is thus of great practical interest to manage the storage devices together with other energy systems to provide the required environment with minimal cost. In this paper, we formulate the scheduling problem of these multiple energy systems as a Markov decision process (MDP) and then provide two approximate solution methods. Method 1 is dynamic programming with value function approximation. Method 2 is mixed integer programming with mean value approximation. The performance of the two methods is demonstrated on numerical examples. The results show that method 2 provides good solutions fast and with little performance degradation comparing with method 1. Then, we apply method 2 to optimize the capacity and to select the combination of the storage devices, and demonstrate the performance by numerical examples.
Postsurgery enteral nutrition in head and neck cancer patients

Objective: Patients with head and neck cancer undergoing surgery have a high incidence of postoperative complications. The aim of our study was to investigate whether postoperative nutrition of head and neck cancer patients, using an arginine-enriched diet, could improve nutritional variables as well as clinical outcomes.Design: Randomized clinical trial.Setting: Tertiary care.Subjects: A population of 47 patients with oral and laryngeal cancer were enrolled.Interventions: At surgery patients were randomly allocated to two groups: (a) patients receiving an enteral diet supplemented with arginine and fiber (group I); (b) patients receiving an isocaloric, isonitrogenous enteral formula (group II).Results: No significant intergroup differences in the trend of the three plasma proteins and lymphocytes were detected. Gastrointestinal tolerance (diarrhea) of both formulas was good (17.4% group I and 8.3% group II; NS). During the 3 months after hospital discharge five patients died; no diferences were detected between groups (13% group I and 8.3% group II; NS). The incidences postoperative infection complications were similar (nine patients) in both groups (21.7% group I and 16.7% group II; NS). Fistula were less frequent in enriched nutrition group (0% group I and 20.8% group II; P<0.05); wound infection was more frequent in group II, but without statistical difference (4.3% group I and 12.5% group II; NS). The length of postoperative stay was 22.8±11.8 days in the enriched group and 31.2±19.1 days in the control group (P=0.07).Conclusions: In conclusion, enriched formula improves local wound complications in postoperative head and neck cancer patients. Our results suggest that these patients could benefit from an immunonutrient-enhanced enteral formula.
A Survey of Ethical and Professional Challenges Experienced by Spanish Health-Care Professionals that Provide Genetic Counseling Services

Genetic testing is increasingly applied for diagnosis and clinical treatment. In some countries, genetic counseling services are provided by professionals with specific training in this discipline, whereas other countries have no teaching programs and counseling is offered by physicians, nurses, pharmacists or biochemists. This counseling raises more and more ethical dilemmas for health professionals at their clinics. The purpose of this study was to analyze the characteristics of Spanish professionals devoted to providing genetic counseling services and to investigate the frequency of the ethical dilemmas they face. Results from 72 survey respondents revealed this counseling is provided by an almost even number of male and female professionals, mostly physicians with many years of professional experience. The overall frequency of the ethical dilemmas encountered was not high. The most frequent dilemmas corresponded to emotional responses by patients, informed consent, uncertainty about test results, and limitations on health-care resources. The frequency of dilemmas involving discrimination and provider directiveness was very low. Additional findings, practice implications, and research recommendations are presented.
One-year, low-dose neuroleptic study of in-patients with chronic schizophrenia characterised by persistent negative symptoms. Amisulpride v. haloperidol.

BACKGROUND
Amisulpride is a potent substituted benzamide antipsychotic drug claimed to improve the negative symptoms of schizophrenia, particularly at low dosage.


METHOD
Sixty long-term in-patients with schizophrenia and selected for predominant negative symptoms were randomised to receive either haloperidol or amisulpride. Over a year there was systematic dose reduction, as symptoms allowed.


RESULTS
There were no significant differences between the treatment groups in the proportion receiving low-dose treatment, the control of positive symptoms, or ratings of social behaviour, side-effects or tardive dyskinesia. For negative symptoms, there were consistent but non-significant trends in favour of amisulpride. The amisulpride patients required significantly less anticholinergic medication.


CONCLUSIONS
In chronically-hospitalised in-patients with schizophrenia characterised by persistent negative symptoms, amisulpride was a well-tolerated maintenance antipsychotic medication. The drug had only a limited effect in reducing negative symptoms, which were relatively stable, enduring phenomena in this sample, despite dosage reduction.
Self-management support: A qualitative study of ethical dilemmas experienced by nurses.

OBJECTIVE
Policymakers increasingly focus their attention on stimulating patients' self-management. Critical reflection on this trend is often limited. A focus on self-management does not only change nurses' activities, but also the values underlying the nurse-patient relationship. The latter can result in ethical dilemmas.


METHODS
In order to identify possible dilemmas a qualitative study consisting of semi-structured interviews was conducted. Six experts on self-management and medical ethics and 15 nurses participated.


RESULTS
Nurses providing self-management support were at risk of facing three types of ethical dilemmas: respecting patient autonomy versus reaching optimal health outcomes, respecting patient autonomy versus stimulating patient involvement, and a holistic approach to self-management support versus safeguarding professional boundaries.


CONCLUSION
The ethical dilemmas experienced by nurses rest on different views about what constitutes good care provision and good self-management. Interviewed nurses had a tendency to steer patients in a certain direction. They put great effort into convincing patients to follow their suggestions, be it making the 'right choice' according to medical norms or becoming actively involved patients.


PRACTICE IMPLICATIONS
Because self-management support may result in clashing values, the development and implementation of self-management support requires deliberation about the values underlying the relationship between professionals and patients.
Awareness and use of eye care services in Fiji.

PURPOSE
To determine the awareness, use, and barriers to use of eye services in Fiji's Central Province.


METHODS
A cross-sectional survey study design with random clusters of households was used. Semi-structured interviews were conducted (152 females and 22 males). For 267 household members, presenting distance and near visual acuities were measured, and the perception of and satisfaction with their vision were recorded.


RESULTS
Most (86%; 150/174) respondents were aware of at least one conventional eye care service. However, only 66% (121/183) of household members with previous eye problems had consulted one of these; the proportion was even lower for those in the older age groups (p < 0.01). Rural dwellers expressed satisfaction with their vision, despite being more likely to regard it as limiting their activities and being less likely to seek conventional care. A higher proportion of females were reported to have (or have had) eye problems (60:40) and were found to have bilateral visual impairment (60:40). Despite this, females and males attended the hospital eye clinic (47:53) or sought treatment from conventional services (51:49) nearly equally. The reasons given for not seeking conventional care were "fatalistic attitude" ("did not bother", "could manage", or accepted the condition: 57%), expense (12%), and fear (8%).


CONCLUSION
Central Province Fijians, particularly the old, rural, and female, under-utilise conventional eye care services. As in developing countries elsewhere, fatalistic attitudes to visual impairment are a significant contributor to this. To improve eye health, planning and implementation of eye care services must overcome under-utilisation by addressing local barriers to uptake through community participation in education and affirmative action.
Burnout, Job Satisfaction, and Medical Malpractice among Physicians

OBJECTIVES
Our objective was to estimate the incidence of recent burnout in a large sample of Taiwanese physicians and analyze associations with job related satisfaction and medical malpractice experience.


METHODS
We performed a cross-sectional survey. Physicians were asked to fill out a questionnaire that included demographic information, practice characteristics, burnout, medical malpractice experience, job satisfaction, and medical error experience. There are about 2% of total physicians. Physicians who were members of the Taiwan Society of Emergency Medicine, Taiwan Surgical Association, Taiwan Association of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Taiwan Pediatric Association, and Taiwan Stroke Association, and physicians of two medical centers, three metropolitan hospitals, and two local community hospitals were recruited.


RESULTS
There is high incidence of burnout among Taiwan physicians. In our research, Visiting staff (VS) and residents were more likely to have higher level of burnout of the emotional exhaustion (EE) and depersonalization (DP), and personal accomplishment (PA). There was no difference in burnout types in gender. Married had higher-level burnout in EE. Physicians who were 20~30 years old had higher burnout levels in EE, those 31~40 years old had higher burnout levels in DP, and PA. Physicians who worked in medical centers had a higher rate in EE, DP, and who worked in metropolitan had higher burnout in PA. With specialty-in-training, physicians had higher-level burnout in EE and DP, but lower burnout in PA. Physicians who worked 13-17hr continuously had higher-level burnout in EE. Those with ≥41 times/week of being on call had higher-level burnout in EE and DP. Physicians who had medical malpractice experience had higher-level burnout in EE, DP, and PA. Physicians who were not satisfied with physician-patient relationships had higher-level burnout than those who were satisfied.


CONCLUSION
Physicians in Taiwan face both burnout and a high risk in medical malpractice. There is high incidence of burnout among Taiwan physicians. This can cause shortages in medical care human resources and affect patient safety. We believe that high burnout in physicians was due to long working hours and several other factors, like mental depression, the evaluation assessment system, hospital culture, patient-physician relationships, and the environment. This is a very important issue on public health that Taiwanese authorities need to deal with.
A CMOS gm-C polyphase filter with high image band rejection

This paper presents a 7th order polyphase (14th order bandpass) gm-C IF filter implemented in a 0.35 µm CMOS process. The filter bandwidth is 1 MHz, the center frequency is 3 MHz, the image band rejection is higher than 53 dB, the stop band attenuation is at least 40 dB, and the in-band group delay variation is 0.5 µs. The noise floor is 170 µVrmsand the spurious free dynamic range is at least 59 dB for out-of-band signals. Current consumption is 3.2 mA from a 2.3 V power supply. The filter is well suited for employment in the Bluetooth short-range radio.
Brain stem and cortical mechanisms underlying the binaural masking level difference in humans: an auditory steady-state response study.

OBJECTIVE
The behavioral binaural masking level difference (BMLD) is believed to reflect brain stem processing. However, this conflicts with transient auditory evoked potential research that indicates the auditory brain stem and middle latency responses do not demonstrate the BMLD. The objective of the present study is to investigate the brain stem and cortical mechanisms underlying the BMLD in humans using the brain stem and cortical auditory steady-state responses (ASSRs).


DESIGN
A 500-Hz pure tone, amplitude-modulated (AM) at 80 Hz and 7 (or 13) Hz, was used to elicit brain stem and cortical ASSRs, respectively. The masker was a 200-Hz-wide noise centered on 500 Hz. Eleven adult subjects with normal hearing were tested. Both ASSR (brain stem and cortical) and behavioral thresholds for diotic AM stimuli (when the signal and noise are in phase binaurally: SoNo) and dichotic AM stimuli (when either the signal or noise is 180 degrees out-of-phase between the two ears: SpiNo, SoNpi) were investigated. ASSR and behavioral BMLDs were obtained by subtracting the threshold for the dichotic stimuli from that for the diotic stimuli, respectively. Effects for modulation rate, signal versus noise phase changes, and behavioral versus ASSR measure on the BMLD were investigated.


RESULTS
Behavioral BMLDs (mean = 8.5 to 10.5 dB) obtained are consistent with results from past research. The ASSR results are similar to the pattern of results previously found for the transient auditory brain stem responses and the N1-P2 cortical auditory evoked potential, in that only the cortical ASSRs (7 or 13 Hz) demonstrate BMLDs (mean = 5.8 dB); the brain stem ASSRs (80 Hz) (mean = 1.5 dB) do not. The ASSR results differ from the previous transient N1-P2 studies, however, in that the cortical ASSRs show a BMLD only when there is a change in the signal interaural phase, but not for changes of noise interaural phase.


CONCLUSIONS
Results suggest that brain processes underlying the BMLD occur either in a different pathway or beyond the brain stem auditory processing underlying the 80-Hz ASSR. Results also suggest that the cortical ASSRs have somewhat different neural sources than the transient N1-P2 responses, and that they may reflect the output of neural populations that previous research has shown to be insensitive to binaural differences in noise.
Elliptic Curve Cryptography

For a reference on elliptic curves and their cryptographic applications, see: • Alfred J. Menezes, Elliptic curve public key cryptosystems, 1993. • Joseph H. Silverman and John Tate, Rational points on elliptic curves, 1992. (An undergraduate mathematics text on elliptic curves.) • J.W.S. Cassels, Lectures on elliptic curves, 1991. (Informal and mathematical.) An elliptic curve is not an ellipse! An ellipse is a degree 2 equation of the form x + ay = b. (However, given such an ellipse, you could try to compute the arc length of a certain portion of the curve; the integral which arises can be associated to an elliptic curve.)
The debris-flow rheology myth

Models that employ a fixed rheology cannot yield accurate interpretations or predictions of debris-flow motion, because the evolving behavior of debris flows is too complex to be represented by any rheological equation that uniquely relates stress and strain rate. Field observations and experimental data indicate that debris behavior can vary from nearly rigid to highly fluid as a consequence of temporal and spatial variations in pore-fluid pressure and mixture agitation. Moreover, behavior can vary if debris composition changes as a result of grainsize segregation and gain or loss of solid and fluid constituents in transit. An alternative to fixed-rheology models is provided by a Coulomb mixture theory model, which can represent variable interactions of solid and fluid constituents in heterogeneous debris-flow surges with high-friction, coarse-grained heads and low-friction, liquefied tails.
Cognitive Stigmergy: Towards a Framework Based on Agents and Artifacts

Stigmergy has been adopted in MAS (multi-agent systems) and in other fields as a technique for realising forms of emergent coordination in societies composed by a large amount of ant-like, nonrational agents. In this paper we discuss a conceptual (and engineering) framework for exploring the use of stigmergy in the context of societies composed by cognitive / rational agents, as a means for supporting highlevel, knowledge-based social activities.multi-agent We refer to this kind of stigmergy as cognitive stigmergy. Cognitive stigmergy is based on the use of artifacts as tools populating and structuring the agent working environment, and which agents perceive, share and rationally use for their individual goals. Artifacts are environment abstractions that mediate agent interaction and enable emergent coordination: as such, they can be used to encapsulate and enact the stigmergic mechanisms and the shared knowledge upon which emergent coordination processes are based. In this paper, we start exploring this scenario introducing an agentbased framework for cognitive stigmergy based on artifacts. After discussing the main conceptual issues—the notion of cognitive stigmergy and the role of artifacts—, we sketch an abstract architecture for cognitive stigmergy, and outline its implementation upon the TuCSoN agent coordination infrastructure.
The Acquisitive Society.

This is probably Tawney’s most provocative and influential book. Published in 1920, The Acquisitive Society held that the acquisitiveness of a capitalist society was a morally wrong motivating principle. He mentioned in his book that acquisitiveness had and will always corrupt both the rich and the poor. He argued that in capitalist societies work is deprived of its inherent value and thus becomes drudgery, for it is looked at solely as a means to exploit the workers for monetary gains of certain individuals within the system or organisation.
Automatic Observer Script for StarCraft: Brood War Bot Games (technical report)

This short report describes an automated BWAPI-based script developed for live streams of a StarCraft Brood War bot tournament, SSCAIT. The script controls the in-game camera in order to follow the relevant events and improve the viewer experience. We enumerate its novel features and provide a few implementation notes.
Character Composition Model with Convolutional Neural Networks for Dependency Parsing on Morphologically Rich Languages

We present a transition-based dependency parser that uses a convolutional neural network to compose word representations from characters. The character composition model shows great improvement over the word-lookup model, especially for parsing agglutinative languages. These improvements are even better than using pre-trained word embeddings from extra data. On the SPMRL data sets, our system outperforms the previous best greedy parser (Ballesteros et al., 2015) by a margin of 3% on average.1