LLukas22/scidocs huggingface dataset:
Effects of alpha1-acid glycoprotein on the clinical pharmacokinetics of 7-hydroxystaurosporine.

OBJECTIVE
UCN-01 (7-hydroxystaurosporine) is a small molecule cyclin-dependent kinase modulator currently under clinical development as an anticancer agent. In vitro studies have demonstrated that UCN-01 is strongly bound to the acute-phase reactant alpha (1)-acid glycoprotein (AAG). Here, we examined the role of protein binding as a determinant of the pharmacokinetic behavior of UCN-01 in patients.


EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN
Pharmacokinetic data were obtained from a group of 41 patients with cancer receiving UCN-01 as a 72-hour i.v. infusion (dose, 3.6 to 53 mg/m(2)/day).


RESULTS
Over the tested dose range, total drug clearance was distinctly nonlinear (P = 0.0076) and increased exponentially from 4.33 mL/hour (at 3.6 mg/m(2)/day) to 24.1 mL/hour (at 54 mg/m(2)/day). As individual values for AAG increased, values for clearance decreased in a linear fashion (R(2) = 0.264; P = 0.0008), although the relationship was shallow, and the data showed considerable scatter. Interestingly, no nonlinearity in the unbound concentration (P = 0.083) or fraction at the peak plasma concentration of UCN-01 was apparent (P = 0.744).


CONCLUSION
The results suggest the following: (1) that extensive binding to AAG may explain, in part, the unique pharmacokinetic profile of UCN-01 described previously with a small volume of distribution and slow systemic clearance, and (2) that measurement of total UCN-01 concentrations in plasma is a poor surrogate for that of the pharmacologically active fraction unbound drug.
Mitoxantrone, etoposide, and cyclosporine therapy in pediatric patients with recurrent or refractory acute myeloid leukemia.

PURPOSE
To determine the remission rate and toxicity of mitoxantrone, etoposide, and cyclosporine (MEC) therapy, multidrug resistance-1 (MDR1) status, and steady-state cyclosporine (CSA) levels in children with relapsed and/or refractory acute myeloid leukemia.


PATIENTS AND METHODS
MEC therapy consisted of mitoxantrone 6 mg/m(2)/d for 5 days, etoposide 60 mg/m(2)/d for 5 days, and CSA 10 mg/kg for 2 hours followed by 30 mg/kg/d as a continuous infusion for 98 hours. Because of pharmacokinetic interactions, drug doses were decreased to 60% of those found to be effective without coadministration of CSA. MDR1 expression was evaluated by reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction, flow cytometry, and the ability of CSA at 2.5 micromol/L to increase intracellular accumulation of (3)H-daunomycin in blasts from bone marrow specimens.


RESULTS
The remission rate was 35% (n = 23 of 66). Overall, 35% of patients (n = 23) achieved complete remission (CR), 12% of patients (n = 8) achieved partial remission, and 9% of patients (n = 6) died of infection. Exposure to CSA levels of greater than 2,400 ng/mL was achieved in 95% of patients (n = 56 of 59). Toxicities included infection, cardiotoxicity, myelosuppression, stomatitis, and reversible increases in serum creatinine and bilirubin. In most who had relapsed while receiving therapy or whose induction therapy had failed, response was not significantly different for MDR1-positive and MDR1-negative patients.


CONCLUSION
Serum levels of CSA capable of reversing multidrug resistance are achievable in children with acceptable toxicity. The CR rate of 35% achieved in this study is comparable to previously reported results using standard doses of mitoxantrone and etoposide. The use of CSA may have improved the response rate for the MDR1-positive patients so that it was not different from that for the MDR1-negative patients.
George Lawson's Politica and the English Revolution

Preface Texts used and a concordance for the 'Politica' List of abbreviations Part I. Historiographical and Biographical Preliminaries: 1. Historiography 2. Biography Part II. An Exposition of Lawson's Politica: 3. God and human society 4. Community and political power 5. The keys 6. The limits of subjection Part III. An Examination of the Politica: 7. Providence and rhetoric 8. Community, representation and consent 9. Settlement and resistance 10. From Civil War to settlement Part IV. The Fate of the Politica from the Settlement to the Glorious Revolution: 11. Lawson and Baxter 12. Lawson and Hunfrey 13. The Politica and the allegiance controversy 14. Aftermath Part V. Conclusion: 15. Between Hobbes and Locke 16. Theory and historiography Index.
Managing Multiple Tasks in Complex, Dynamic Environments

Multitask Resource Conflicts Michael Freed NASA Ames Research Center mfieed@mail.arc.nasa.gov Sketchy planners are designed to achieve goals in realistically complex, time-pressured, and uncertain task environments. However, the ability to manage multiple, potentially interacting tasks in such environments requires extensions to the functionality these systems typically provide. This paper identifies a number of factors affecting how interacting tasks should be prioritized, interrupted, and resumed, and then describes a sketchy planner called APEX that takes account of these factors when managing multiple tasks To perform effectively in many enviromnents, an agent must be able to manage multiple tasks in a complex, timepressured, and partially uncertain world. For example, the APEX agent architecture described below has been used to simulate human air traffic controllers in a simulated aerospace environment (Freed and Remington, 1997). Air traffic control consists almost entirely of routine activity; complexity arises largely from the need to manage multiple tasks. For example, the task of guiding a plane to landing at a destination airport typically involves issuing a series of standard turn and descent authorizations to each plane. Since such routines must be carried out over minutes or tens of minutes, the task of handling any individual plane must be periodically interrupted to handle new arrivals or resume a previously interrupted planehandling task. Plan execution systems (e.g. Georgoff and Lansky, 1988; Firby, 1989; Cohen et al., 1989; Gat, 1992; Simmons, 1994; Hayes-Roth, 1995; Pell, et al., 1997), also called sketchy planners, have been designed specifically to cope with the time-pressure and uncertainty inherent in these kinds of environments. This paper discusses a sketchy ---_ pianner caiied APEX which incorporates and buiids on multitask management capabilities found in previous systems.
Use of Systems Engineering to Design a Hospital Command Center.

BACKGROUND
In hospitals and health systems across the country, patient flow bottlenecks delay care delivery-emergency department boarding and operating room exit holds are familiar examples. In other industries, such as oil, gas, and air traffic control, command centers proactively manage flow through complex systems.


METHODS
A systems engineering approach was used to analyze and maximize existing capacity in one health system, which led to the creation of the Judy Reitz Capacity Command Center. This article describes the key elements of this novel health system command center, which include strategic colocation of teams, automated visual displays of real-time data providing a global view, predictive analytics, standard work and rules-based protocols, and a clear chain of command and guiding tenets. Preliminary data are also shared.


RESULTS
With proactive capacity management, subcycle times decreased and allowed the health system's flagship hospital to increase occupancy from 85% to 92% while decreasing patient delays.


CONCLUSION
The command center was built with three primary goals-reducing emergency department boarding, eliminating operating room holds, and facilitating transfers in from outside facilities-but the command center infrastructure has the potential to improve hospital operations in many other areas.
Detecting telecommunication fraud by understanding the contents of a call

Telecommunication fraud has continuously been causing severe financial loss to telecommunication customers in China for several years. Traditional approaches to detect telecommunication frauds usually rely on constructing a blacklist of fraud telephone numbers. However, attackers can simply evade such detection by changing their numbers, which is very easy to achieve through VoIP (Voice over IP). To solve this problem, we detect telecommunication frauds from the contents of a call instead of simply through the caller’s telephone number. Particularly, we collect descriptions of telecommunication fraud from news reports and social media. We use machine learning algorithms to analyze data and to select the high-quality descriptions from the data collected previously to construct datasets. Then we leverage natural language processing to extract features from the textual data. After that, we build rules to identify similar contents within the same call for further telecommunication fraud detection. To achieve online detection of telecommunication frauds, we develop an Android application which can be installed on a customer’s smartphone. When an incoming fraud call is answered, the application can dynamically analyze the contents of the call in order to identify frauds. Our results show that we can protect customers effectively.
Joint attention training for children with autism using behavior modification procedures.

BACKGROUND
Deficits in joint attention are considered by many researchers to be an early predictor of childhood autism (e.g., Osterling & Dawson, 1994) and are considered to be pivotal to deficits in language, play, and social development in this population (Mundy, 1995). Although many researchers have noted the importance of joint attention deficits in the development of children with autism (e.g., Mundy, Sigman, & Kasari, 1994) and have called for intervention strategies (e.g., Mundy & Crowson, 1997), few studies have attempted to target joint attention. In this study, joint attention behaviors were taught to children with autism using a behavior modification procedure.


METHODS
A multiple-baseline design was implemented to evaluate intervention effects. The following target behaviors were included in the intervention: 1) Responding to showing, pointing, and gaze shifting of adult; 2) Coordinated gaze shifting (i.e., coordinated joint attention); and 3) Pointing (with the purpose of sharing, not requesting). Generalization to setting and parent, follow-up sessions, and social validation measures were also analyzed.


RESULTS
Joint attention behaviors were effectively trained and targeted behaviors generalized to other settings. In addition, positive changes were noted by naive observers using social validation measures.


CONCLUSIONS
Integrating joint attention training into existing interventions may be important for children with autism. In addition, training parents in these techniques may help to maintain joint attention skills outside of the treatment setting.
Understanding light quanta:Construction of the free electromagnetic field

The free electromagnetic field, solution of Maxwell's equations and carrier of energy, momentum and spin, is construed as an emergent collective property of an ensemble of photons, and with this, the consistency of an interpretation that considers that the photons, and not the electromagnetic fields, are the primary ontology is established.
Subcarrier-pair based resource allocation for cooperative multi-relay OFDM systems

In this paper, we study the joint allocation of three types of resources, namely, power, subcarriers and relay nodes, in multi-relay assisted dual-hop cooperative OFDM systems. All the relays adopt the amplify-and-forward protocol and assist the transmission from the source to destination simultaneously but on orthogonal subcarriers. The objective is to maximize the system transmission rate subject to individual power constraints on each node or a total network power constraint. We formulate such a problem as a subcarrier-pair based resource allocation that seeks the joint optimization of subcarrier pairing, subcarrier-pair-to-relay assignment, and power allocation. Using a dual approach, we solve this problem efficiently in an asymptotically optimal manner. Specifically, for the optimization problem with individual power constraints, the computational complexity is polynomial in the number of subcarriers and relay nodes, whereas the complexity of the problem with a total power constraint is polynomial in the number of subcarriers.We further propose two suboptimal algorithms for the former to trade off performance for complexity. Simulation studies are conducted to evaluate the average transmission rate and outage probability of the proposed algorithms. The impact of relay location is also discussed.
Insulation Failure Mechanisms of Power Generators

Several statistics have been published dealing with failure causes of high voltage rotating machines i n general and power generators in particular [1 4]. Some of the se statistics only specify the part of the machine which failed without giving any deeper insight in the failure mechanism. Other publications distinguish between the damage which caused the machine to fail and the root cause which effect ed the damage. The survey of 1199 hydrogenerators c ar ied out by the CIGRE study committee SC11, EG11.02 provides an ex mple of such an investigation [5]. It gives det ail d results of 69 incidents. 56% of the failed machines showed an insulation damage, other major types being mecha ni al, thermal and bearing damages (Figure 1a). Root causes which led to these damages are subdivided into 7 differen t groups (Figure 1b).
32 Pre-LGM Sahul ( Pleistocene Australia-New Guinea ) and the Archaeology of Early Modern Humans ments

Geographic setting Pleistocene Sahul was a large continent (Fig. 32.1). When sea levels were at their lowest (20–22 kya bp), it covered nearly 11 million square kilometres, roughly the same area as sub-Saharan Africa or Eurasia west of the Ural Mountains. Relief was moderate: more than 90 per cent of its surface was less than 500 metres above maximum low sea level. Significant uplands included only the New Guinea Highlands on the north and the Great Dividing Ranges on the east (maximum elevations ~5200 m and ~2400 m above maximum low sea level, respectively). Major biomes in modern Australia-New Guinea include tropical forest, sub-tropical savanna, and low temperate desert. Small but important patches of temperate forest are found in the southeastern and southwestern corners of mainland Australia and in Tasmania. During the last glacial cycle (75–10 kya bp), cooler, drier climates and lower CO2 levels generally reduced the distribution of tree cover, increased the size of the arid zone, and favoured the development of glacial and peri-glacial habitats in both the northern highlands and far southeast.
A new distance measure based on generalized Image Normalized Cross-Correlation for robust video tracking and image recognition

We propose two novel distance measures, normalized between 0 and 1, and based on normalized cross-correlation for image matching. These distance measures explicitly utilize the fact that for natural images there is a high correlation between spatially close pixels. Image matching is used in various computer vision tasks, and the requirements to the distance measure are application dependent. Image recognition applications require more shift and rotation robust measures. In contrast, registration and tracking applications require better localization and noise tolerance. In this paper, we explore different advantages of our distance measures, and compare them to other popular measures, including Normalized Cross-Correlation (NCC) and Image Euclidean Distance (IMED). We show which of the proposed measures is more appropriate for tracking, and which is appropriate for image recognition tasks.
Facilitation of self-transcendence in a breast cancer support group: II.

PURPOSE/OBJECTIVES
To pilot a second support group intervention study promoting self-transcendence perspectives and activities and to document changes over time in well-being in support group participants compared with nonparticipants.


DESIGN
Quasiexperimental, partial randomization, preference trial design.


SETTING
An urban breast cancer resource center established by survivors.


SAMPLE
41 women with newly diagnosed breast cancer were recruited, and 39 completed the study. 22 women participated in three intervention support groups; 17 were in a comparison group.


METHODS
The intervention was an eight-week, closed support group based on self-transcendence theory. Data were collected three times during 14 months.


MAIN RESEARCH VARIABLES
Support group intervention, self-transcendence, and emotional and physical well-being.


FINDINGS
The intervention group had lower scores than the comparison group on self-transcendence and well-being variables at baseline (time [T] 1). Scores were higher for both groups postintervention (T2), with no differences between groups. One year postintervention (T3), intervention group scores again were lower than comparison group scores. Intervention group T3 scores were unchanged from T2.


CONCLUSIONS
Most potential participants were unwilling to risk being randomized into a nonpreferred group. Activities based on self-transcendence theory were associated with expanded perspectives and activities and an improved sense of well-being in support group participants at the end of the intervention, but not one year later. Findings from the pilot studies informed a study currently in progress.


IMPLICATIONS FOR NURSING
Nurses should maintain awareness of local resources for support and make that information available to women when they are newly diagnosed with breast cancer, during their treatment, and later.
Drug combination therapy of systemic lupus erythematosus

This long-term study on 73 patients with severe SLE has shown that drug combination therapy with steroids, CsA, MTX and Cy permits a control of disease activity and maintenance of kidney function with very few side effects and, to a large extent, allows patients a good quality of life in both professional and personal terms. In particular, it has been possible to drastically reduce steroid medication (Table 5). The mortality rate is now well under 1% per year, but is still three to four times higher than in an ageand sex-matched control population. Further efforts are necessary to improve the management of SLE. The investigation of the cytokine network might lead to the introduction of new agents [6]. There is also hope that CsA analogues, devoid of or with less toxicity, will be developed.
Severity of injuries associated with falls in the community dwelling elderly are not affected by fall characteristics and physical function level.

Many elderly people experience difficulty with independent living after injuries associated with falls. This study aimed to examine the influence of fall characteristics and physical function level on the severity of fall related injuries. The surveys were conducted in 1955 community dwelling elderly. The questions regarded the following: fall experience within the past year, fall direction, fall cause, injured parts and degree of injury, and an activity of daily living (ADL) questionnaire from the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology Japan. Data of 1850 subjects with available and complete responses were used for analysis. Three hundred and eighty-six (20.9%) elderly people experienced a fall within the past year and 257 (66.7%) were injured. ADL score was significantly higher in the elderly without fall experience than the elderly with fall experience. No significant difference was found in frequency of fall cause and fall direction between the elderly with and without injuries caused by falling. Significant correlations were found between fall direction and fall cause and injured parts (φ=0.49 and 0.32). ADL score of the elderly who fell by leg backlash was significantly lower than that of the elderly who fell by tripping, slipping and staggering. A decrease of ADL affects the rate of falls in the elderly, but not the degree of injury. Fall characteristics may not be related to the extent of fall injury.
SENTIMENT ANALYSIS OF RESTAURANT REVIEWS USING HYBRID CLASSIFICATION METHOD

The area of sentiment mining (also called sentiment extraction, opinion mining, opinion extraction, sentiment analysis, etc.) has seen a large increase in academic interest in the last few years. Researchers in the areas of natural language processing, data mining, machine learning, and others have tested a variety of methods of automating the sentiment analysis process. In this research work, new hybrid classification method is proposed based on coupling classification methods using arcing classifier and their performances are analyzed in terms of accuracy. A Classifier ensemble was designed using Naïve Bayes (NB), Support Vector Machine (SVM) and Genetic Algorithm (GA). In the proposed work, a comparative study of the effectiveness of ensemble technique is made for sentiment classification. The feasibility and the benefits of the proposed approaches are demonstrated by means of restaurant review that is widely used in the field of sentiment classification. A wide range of comparative experiments are conducted and finally, some in-depth discussion is presented and conclusions are drawn about the effectiveness of ensemble technique for sentiment classification. Keywords— Accuracy, Arcing classifier, Genetic Algorithm (GA). Naïve Bayes (NB), Sentiment Mining, Support Vector Machine (SVM)
Critical Analysis of the Bennett–Riedel Attack on Secure Cryptographic Key Distributions via the Kirchhoff-Law–Johnson-Noise Scheme

Recently, Bennett and Riedel (BR) (http://arxiv.org/abs/1303.7435v1) argued that thermodynamics is not essential in the Kirchhoff-law-Johnson-noise (KLJN) classical physical cryptographic exchange method in an effort to disprove the security of the KLJN scheme. They attempted to demonstrate this by introducing a dissipation-free deterministic key exchange method with two batteries and two switches. In the present paper, we first show that BR's scheme is unphysical and that some elements of its assumptions violate basic protocols of secure communication. All our analyses are based on a technically unlimited Eve with infinitely accurate and fast measurements limited only by the laws of physics and statistics. For non-ideal situations and at active (invasive) attacks, the uncertainly principle between measurement duration and statistical errors makes it impossible for Eve to extract the key regardless of the accuracy or speed of her measurements. To show that thermodynamics and noise are essential for the security, we crack the BR system with 100% success via passive attacks, in ten different ways, and demonstrate that the same cracking methods do not function for the KLJN scheme that employs Johnson noise to provide security underpinned by the Second Law of Thermodynamics. We also present a critical analysis of some other claims by BR; for example, we prove that their equations for describing zero security do not apply to the KLJN scheme. Finally we give mathematical security proofs for each BR-attack against the KLJN scheme and conclude that the information theoretic (unconditional) security of the KLJN method has not been successfully challenged.