LLukas22/scidocs huggingface dataset:
Peri-epiphyseal and Overuse Injuries in Adolescent Athletes

CONTEXT
Overuse injuries of the musculoskeletal system in immature athletes are commonly seen in medical practice.


EVIDENCE ACQUISITION
An analysis of published clinical, outcome, and biomechanical studies of adolescent epiphyseal and overuse injuries was performed through 2008 to increase recognition and provide treatment recommendations.


RESULTS
Adolescent athletes can sustain physeal and bony stress injuries. Recovery and return to play occur more swiftly if such injuries are diagnosed early and immobilized until the patient is pain-free, typically about 4 weeks for apophyseal and epiphyseal overuse injuries. Certain epiphyseal injuries have prolonged symptoms with delayed treatment, including those involving the bones in the hand, elbow, and foot. If such injuries are missed, prolonged healing and significant restrictions in athletic pursuits may occur.


CONCLUSION
Some of these injuries are common to all weightbearing sports and are therefore widely recognized. Several are common in gymnastics but are rarely seen in other athletes. Early recognition and treatment of these conditions lead to quicker recovery and so may prevent season-ending, even career-ending, events from occurring.
Perspectives on probation and mandated mental health treatment in specialized and traditional probation departments.

Despite the prevalence of mentally ill probationers, and probation officers' (POs') central role in their supervision, this is the first reported study to investigate how POs implement mandates to participate in psychiatric treatment. Five focus groups were conducted in major cities with 32 POs and 20 probationers representing a mix of traditional and "specialty" probation agencies. Three key findings resulted. First, there were considerable differences between POs in specialty and traditional agencies in the nature, range, and timing of strategies applied to monitor and enforce treatment compliance. Second, the quality of PO-probationer relationships colored POs' use of these strategies and was perceived as central to probationer outcomes. Relationships characterized by a respectful, personal, approach were perceived as more effective in achieving desired outcomes than those that were more authoritarian. Third, specialty agencies strongly emphasized offender rehabilitation whereas traditional agencies focused more exclusively on community safety. These agencies differed in how well probationers with mental illness "fit" their standard operating procedure. Implications for future research and directions for probation practice are discussed.
Often seen, rarely recognized: mast cell activation disease--a guide to diagnosis and therapeutic options.

Mast cell (MC) disease has long been thought to be just the rare disease of mastocytosis (in various forms, principally cutaneous and systemic), with aberrant MC mediator release at symptomatic levels due to neoplastic MC proliferation. Recent discoveries now show a new view is in order, with mastocytosis capping a metaphorical iceberg now called "MC activation disease" (MCAD, i.e. disease principally manifesting inappropriate MC activation), with the bulk of the iceberg being the recently recognized "MC activation syndrome" (MCAS), featuring inappropriate MC activation to symptomatic levels with little to no inappropriate MC proliferation. Given increasing appreciation of a great menagerie of mutations in MC regulatory elements in mastocytosis and MCAS, the great heterogeneity of MCAD's clinical presentation is unsurprising. Most MCAD patients present with decades of chronic multisystem polymorbidity generally of an inflammatory ± allergic theme. Preliminary epidemiologic investigation suggests MCAD, while often misrecognized, may be substantially prevalent, making it increasingly important that practitioners of all stripes learn how to recognize its more common forms such as MCAS. We review the diagnostically challenging presentation of MCAD (with an emphasis on MCAS) and current thoughts regarding its biology, epidemiology, natural history, diagnostic evaluation, and treatment.
The Patient-Related Burden of Pegylated-Interferon-α Therapy and Adverse Events among Patients with Viral Hepatitis C in Japan.

OBJECTIVES
Pegylated-interferon-α (IFN-α)-based therapies for viral hepatitis C (HCV) are effective, but they are associated with several adverse events (AEs). The primary objectives of this study were to quantify the burden of IFN-α-based treatment and to measure the prevalence and burden of IFN-α-related AEs in Japan.


METHODS
A cross-sectional survey was administered online to patients with HCV in 2013. Patients who were currently taking IFN-α-based therapy (n = 188) were compared with patients who were taking a liver protectant but not IFN-α-based therapy (n = 180) and with patients who were untreated (n = 365) on measures of health-related quality of life (using the Hepatitis Quality of Life Questionnaire, version 2), work productivity, and health care resource use, controlling for sociodemographic characteristics and health history. Among patients taking IFN-α-based therapy, the prevalence and burden of AEs was examined on the same set of health outcomes as noted above along with treatment satisfaction and adherence.


RESULTS
Compared with untreated patients, patients using IFN-α reported poorer health-related quality of life (physical component summary score, 50.13 vs. 52.04; mental component summary score, 44.12 vs. 47.97), more overall work impairment (32.73 vs. 25.64), more physician visits in the past 6 months (14.51 vs. 8.36), and an increased likelihood of an emergency room visit (odds ratio = 7.25) and hospitalization (odds ratio = 4.05) (all P < 0.05). The mean number of AEs was 6.05 for patients using IFN-α. All AEs were associated with poorer health outcomes (particularly the mental component summary score), and most were also associated with lower treatment satisfaction and medication adherence.


CONCLUSIONS
A significant patient burden for IFN-α treatment itself and various AEs was observed. The results suggest that effective, non-IFN-α-based treatments may reduce the societal burden.
Attitiude towards Mathematics and Achademic Achievement in Mathematics among Secondary Level Boys and Girls

Attitudes towards are the important determinants of academic success and achievement. In order to succeed in a subject, positive attitude towards a subject is a necessary prerequisite. This also applies to mathematics, especially in case of girls as compared to boys. The main purpose of the study was to measure relationship of attitude towards mathematics with academic achievement in math among 9 and 10 class secondary level students. Sample of the study consisted of 500 students out of which 200 were boys and 300 were girls. This sample was chosen from two girls’ and two boys schools in wah cantt (Pakistan). The secondary students were mostly of 15 and 16 years age group. A 25item questionnaire was self developed in the light of available literature on the subject and adaptation of another instrument, developed by Steinback and Gwizdala. Academic achievement was measured by the marks obtained by the sample in their recently held examination in mathematics in their school. The obtained data were analyzed and interpreted using statistical tool of correlation coefficient. The result show that boys differed in their mathematical achievement from girls. Girls achieved better results as compared to boys. Attitude towards mathematics and achievement in math did not go together.
Solubilization of tricalcium phosphate and rock phosphate by microbes isolated from chromite, iron and manganese mines

Among 62 fungi and 253 bacteria obtained from heavy metal mines of Orissa (India) screened for phosphate solubilization properties, 12 fungi and 19 bacteria were found to solubilise tricalcium phosphate (TCP). Penicillium sp. 21 solubilised and released 81.48 mg P mL whereas Penicillium sp. 2 showed better efficiency of rock phosphate solubilization and produced 4.87 mg P mL into the liquid culture. Bacterial strains were comparatively poor solubilisers of TCP and rock phosphate in solid and liquid culture. The bacteria and fungi isolated from the mines of Orissa were endowed with phosphate solubilization properties. Phosphate solubilising fungi were acid producers and more efficient than bacterial isolates. Penicillium sp.21 and Penicillium sp. 2 were confirmed the best for TCP and rock phosphate solubilization.
Horizontal distribution of carbon and nitrogen and their isotopic compositions in the surface sediment of Lake Biwa

The horizontal distribution of the abundance and isotopic composition of carbon and nitrogen was studied on surface sediment samples (0–15 cm) collected from the entire area of Lake Biwa, the largest freshwater lake in Japan. As water depth increased, a marked increase in organic matter content was observed at the sampling sites, especially in the western North Basin, characterized by a steep slope. In the northwestern North Basin, which has no major inflowing streams, the sediments contained large amounts of organic matter, suggesting the possibility of lateral transportation of sedimented matter from other places by lake currents. The total amounts of carbon and nitrogen in the top-2 cm of sediment of the entire area of Lake Biwa were estimated to be 9.2 × 104 tC and 1.0 × 104 tN. The δ15N values in the littoral sediment were low and close to those in the inflowing river sediment, suggesting selective sedimentation of allochthonous organic matter onto the littoral area. In the North Basin, vertical profiles of organic matter content and δ13C values of the sediments in the littoral area showed a smaller downward decrease than in the profundal area, whereas δ15N values decreased with sediment depth in both areas. It was suggested that the littoral sediments contained abundant amounts of allochthonous and relatively refractory organic matter. Further, it was suggested that the autochthonous organic matter originated from primary production deposited mainly on the profundal zone and was easily decomposed in early diagenesis after sedimentation.
Strategy for Microwave Energy Harvesting From Ambient Field or a Feeding Source

Wireless energy transfer has been demonstrated using microwave electromagnetic support. Significant efficiencies are reported in the case of large dimension systems. Lots of embedded systems require a small power supply but with a large degree of integration where standard contactless energy transfer techniques suffer from poor efficiency. In such systems, RF input energy is rectified using rectenna circuits. The latter circuits are optimized for a given input RF power and cannot accommodate the two possible ways of energy transfer: the dedicated transfer (high power) or the harvesting of ambient energy (low power). This paper presents a novel rectenna architecture tunable for 900 MHz-2.45 GHz operation, able to process RF input power in the -30 to +30 dBm (dB miliwatt) range with a peak efficiency of 80%.
Myocardial CT perfusion imaging in a large animal model: comparison of dynamic versus single-phase acquisitions.

OBJECTIVES
This study sought to compare dynamic versus single-phase high-pitch computed tomography (CT) acquisitions for the assessment of myocardial perfusion in a porcine model with adjustable degrees of coronary stenosis.


BACKGROUND
The incremental value of the 2 different approaches to CT-based myocardial perfusion imaging remains unclear.


METHODS
Country pigs received stent implantation in the left anterior descending coronary artery, in which an adjustable narrowing (50% and 75% stenoses) was created using a balloon catheter. All animals underwent CT-based rest and adenosine-stress myocardial perfusion imaging using dynamic and single-phase high-pitch acquisitions at both degrees of stenosis. Fluorescent microspheres served as a reference standard for myocardial blood flow. Segmental CT-based myocardial blood flow (MBFCT) was derived from dynamic acquisitions. Segmental single-phase enhancement (SPE) was recorded from high-pitch, single-phase examinations. MBFCT and SPE were compared between post-stenotic and reference segments, and receiver-operating characteristic curve analysis was performed.


RESULTS
Among 6 animals (28 ± 2 kg), there were significant differences of MBFCT and SPE between post-stenotic and reference segments for all acquisitions at 75% stenosis. By contrast, although for 50% stenosis at rest, MBFCT was lower in post-stenotic than in reference segments (0.65 ± 0.10 ml/g/min vs. 0.75 ± 0.16 ml/g/min, p < 0.05), there was no difference for SPE (128 ± 27 Hounsfield units vs. 137 ± 35 Hounsfield units, p = 0.17), which also did not significantly change under adenosine stress. In receiver-operating characteristic curve analyses, segmental MBFCT showed significantly better performance for ischemia prediction at 75% stenosis and stress (area under the curve: 0.99 vs. 0.89, p < 0.05) as well as for 50% stenosis, regardless of adenosine administration (area under the curve: 0.74 vs. 0.57 and 0.88 vs. 0.61, respectively, both p < 0.05).


CONCLUSIONS
At higher degrees of coronary stenosis, both MBFCT and SPE permit an accurate prediction of segmental myocardial hypoperfusion. However, accuracy of MBFCT is higher than that of SPE at 50% stenosis and can be increased by adenosine stress at both degrees of stenosis.
A Distributed Computation Platform for Wireless Embedded Sensing

We present a low cost wireless microsensor node architecture for distributed computation and sensing in massively distributed embedded systems. Our design focuses on the development of a versatile, low power device to facilitate experimentation and initial deployment of wireless microsensor nodes in deeply embedded systems. This paper provides the details of our architecture and introduces fine-grained node localization as an example application of distributed computation and wireless embedded sensing.
The Composition of Hemp Seed Oil and Its Potential as an Important Source of Nutrition

The fatty acid and natural product content of hemp seed oil was analyzed by GC-MS and LC-MS. The presence of linoleic acid (LA) and -linolenic acid (LNA) were confirmed in their previously reported ratio of 3:1 LA:LNA. The presence of -caryophyllene (740 mg/L), myrcene (160 mg/L), -sitosterol (100-148 g/L) and trace amounts of methyl salicylate was observed in the oil which had not been previously reported. Trace amounts of cannabidiol (CBD) were also detected. Bioassays were performed with the oil to determine its effectiveness as an antimicrobial agent. Some bioactivity was observed during the primary screening. [Article copies available for a fee from The Haworth Document Delivery Service: 1-800-342-9678. E-mail address: <getinfo@haworthpressinc.com> Website: <http://www.haworthpressinc.com>] Cary Leizer, BA, is Research Assistant in the laboratory of Ilya Raskin, Biotech Center, Rutgers University, Cook College, 59 Dudley Road, New Brunswick, NJ
Electrochemical DNA sensors

Electrochemistry-based sensors offer sensitivity, selectivity and low cost for the detection of selected DNA sequences or mutated genes associated with human disease. DNA-based electrochemical sensors exploit a range of different chemistries, but all take advantage of nanoscale interactions between the target in solution, the recognition layer and a solid electrode surface. Numerous approaches to electrochemical detection have been developed, including direct electrochemistry of DNA, electrochemistry at polymer-modified electrodes, electrochemistry of DNA-specific redox reporters, electrochemical amplifications with nanoparticles, and electrochemical devices based on DNA-mediated charge transport chemistry.
A molecular phylogeny of marine amphipods in the herbivorous family Ampithoidae

Submitted: 1 December 2015 Accepted: 6 April 2016 doi:10.1111/zsc.12190 Sotka, E.E., Bell, T., Hughes, L.E., Lowry, J.K. & Poore, A.G.B. (2016). A molecular phylogeny of marine amphipods in the herbivorous family Ampithoidae. —Zoologica Scripta, 00, 000–000. Ampithoid amphipods dominate invertebrate assemblages associated with shallow-water macroalgae and seagrasses worldwide and represent the most species-rich family of herbivorous amphipod known. To generate the first molecular phylogeny of this family, we sequenced 35 species from 10 genera at two mitochondrial genes [the cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COI) and the large subunit of 16 s (LSU)] and two nuclear loci [sodium–potassium ATPase (NAK) and elongation factor 1-alpha (EF1)], for a total of 1453 base pairs. All 10 genera are embedded within an apparently monophyletic Ampithoidae (Amphitholina, Ampithoe, Biancolina, Cymadusa, Exampithoe, Paragrubia, Peramphithoe, Pleonexes, Plumithoe, Pseudoamphithoides and Sunamphitoe). Biancolina was previously placed within its own superfamily in another suborder. Within the family, single-locus trees were generally poor at resolving relationships among genera. Combined-locus trees were better at resolving deeper nodes, but complete resolution will require greater taxon sampling of ampithoids and closely related outgroup species, and more molecular characters. Despite these difficulties, our data generally support the monophyly of Ampithoidae, novel evolutionary relationships among genera, several currently accepted genera that will require revisions via alpha taxonomy and the presence of cryptic species. Corresponding author: Erik Sotka, Department of Biology and the College of Charleston Marine Laboratory, 205 Fort Johnson Road, Charleston, SC 29412, USA. E-mail: SotkaE@cofc.edu Erik E. Sotka, and Tina Bell, Department of Biology and Grice Marine Laboratory, College of Charleston, 205 Fort Johnson Road, Charleston, SC 29412, USA. E-mails: SotkaE@cofc.edu, tinamariebell@gmail.com Lauren E. Hughes, and James K. Lowry, Australian Museum Research Institute, 6 College Street, Sydney, NSW 2010, Australia. E-mails: megaluropus@gmail.com, stephonyx@gmail.com Alistair G. B. Poore, Evolution & Ecology Research Centre, School of Biological, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia. E-mail: a.poore@unsw.edu.au
A Model Driven Approach for the Integration of External Functionality in Web Applications . The Travel Agency System

Nowadays, it is getting more and more common to develop Web applications where part of the functionality is carried out by different systems. These systems provide functionality developed in different technologies that are integrated to build a complete web application. To deal with the integration issue that allows us to build this kind of Web applications, current Web Engineering methods should provide the mechanisms that facilitate this integration with third business parties during the modeling process. This paper presents a model driven method to achieve integration with external parties at a high level of abstraction. The method provided is an extension to the OOWS approach for the construction of this new kind of Web applications. The Travel Agency System has been taken as a case study to clearly understand how the whole method is applied.
Serving street-dwelling individuals with psychiatric disabilities: outcomes of a psychiatric rehabilitation clinical trial.

OBJECTIVES
This study tested a psychiatric rehabilitation approach for organizing and delivering services to street-dwelling persons with severe mental illness.


METHODS
Street-dwelling persons with severe mental illness were randomly assigned to the experimental program (called Choices) or to standard treatment in New York City. We assessed study participants at baseline and at 6-month intervals over 24 months, using measures of service use, quality of life, health, mental health, and social psychological status. The average deviation from baseline summary statistic was employed to assess change.


RESULTS
Compared with persons in standard treatment (n = 77), members of the experimental group (n = 91) were more likely to attend a day program (53% vs 27%), had less difficulty in meeting their basic needs, spent less time on the streets (55% vs 28% reduction), and spent more time in community housing (21% vs 9% increase). They showed greater improvement in life satisfaction and experienced a greater reduction in psychiatric symptoms.


CONCLUSIONS
With an appropriate service model, it is possible to engage disaffiliated populations, expand their use of human services, and improve their housing conditions, quality of life, and mental health status.
An Experiment in Software Component Retrieval based on Metadata and Ontology Repository

Software component reuse is the use of existing software components to build a new software system. Effective storage and retrieval of software components is much essential in software components reuse process. The researchers have developed a number of software components reuse techniques for storage and retrieval of software components. No one technique is complete in its own; every technique has its own merits and demerits. This paper presents a meta-data model and faceted classification for storage and retrieval of software components that considers domain semantic information based on ontologies and texonomies. In contrast to most existing repositories, which only retrieve a limited set of components, the proposed meta-data model makes possible the recommendation of interrelated components, as ontology and taxonomies characteristics were incorporated. The software component retrieval based on facet classification is a method which has been widely applied in software component retrieval, but the precision of software component retrieval is poor as a result of subjective factor in faceted classification retrieval. The architecture of software component retrieval system and the model of software component retrieval system were designed, the corresponding match algorithm was provided. According to the relation of facet and term space, meta-data repository was established and abstracted from domain knowledge which formed coherent retrieval in the domain and was applied to software component retrieval process. These terms in the meta-data repository were then used to match software components which described in the software component description repository with facet classification, related software
A Boosting-based Deep Neural Networks Algorithm for Reinforcement Learning

In this paper, a new boosting-based deep neural networks algorithm is designed for improving the performance of model-free reinforcement learning structures. Based on theoretical proof and performance analysis, it is going to demonstrate that the new approach gives a faster convergence speed and a better return compared to existing deep neural network based RL approaches, like deep $Q$ network (DQN)[30], [13] and etc. A complete and detailed exploration of the new algorithm will be given in the paper as well. Also, simulation studies are conducted and compared with several other RL algorithms on the RL benchmark experiment tasks as given in [22]. The results demonstrate a great performance improvement on $Q$ learning by using our new boosting-based deep neural networks algorithm.
Radiographic findings of Proteus Syndrome

The extremely rare Proteus Syndrome is a hamartomatous congenital syndrome with substantial variability between clinical patient presentations. The diagnostic criteria consist of a multitude of clinical findings including hemihypertrophy, macrodactyly, epidermal nevi, subcutaneous hamartomatous tumors, and bony abnormalities. These clinical findings correlate with striking radiographic findings.