LLukas22/scidocs huggingface dataset:
Signals on Graphs: Uncertainty Principle and Sampling

In many applications, the observations can be represented as a signal defined over the vertices of a graph. The analysis of such signals requires the extension of standard signal processing tools. In this paper, first, we provide a class of graph signals that are maximally concentrated on the graph domain and on its dual. Then, building on this framework, we derive an uncertainty principle for graph signals and illustrate the conditions for the recovery of band-limited signals from a subset of samples. We show an interesting link between uncertainty principle and sampling and propose alternative signal recovery algorithms, including a generalization to frame-based reconstruction methods. After showing that the performance of signal recovery algorithms is significantly affected by the location of samples, we suggest and compare a few alternative sampling strategies. Finally, we provide the conditions for perfect recovery of a useful signal corrupted by sparse noise, showing that this problem is also intrinsically related to vertex-frequency localization properties.
Solar/Electromagnetic Energy Harvesting and Wireless Power Transmission

This paper presents a review of existing works and solutions in the field of solar/electromagnetic energy harvesting and wireless power transmission. More specifically, the paper covers: solar/electromagnetic harvesters where solar antenna structures are used to obtain a compact implementation, direct current (dc) combining circuits necessary to combine the outputs of the solar and the electromagnetic harvesters, and efficient solar-to-electromagnetic (EM) converters that can be used to synthesize autonomous wireless power transmission radio-frequency (RF) signal generators. Finally, novel topologies to minimize the sensitivity of rectifier circuits to variations in the received RF power levels are presented.
Planning Approximations to the Average Length of Vehicle Routing Problems with Varying Customer Demands and Routing Constraints

vehicle routing problem (VRP) analyzed in this paper is neither dynamic nor stochastic since all the information related to the customers’ demands is known before the vehicles leave the depot or DC. The routes are designed daily, and the number of routes and distance needed depend on the available freight. Despite the growing implementation of customer-responsive and made-to-order supply chains, the impact of variations on the number of customer requests and demands on average VRP distance traveled has not yet been studied in the literature. All experimental studies have focused on the approximation of the length of specific traveling salesman problem (TSP) or VRP instances (i.e., given a set of customer demands known a priori, how well a given formula approximates the real distance of one specific instance). This research has a different objective: given N potential customers and a variable customer demand (locations, demands, time windows, etc.) in a service area, how well a given formula approximates the average distance of VRP solutions for different levels of n and routing constraints.
Psychological distress and related factors in female college students.

OBJECTIVE
This study assessed the psychological distress in Spanish college women and analyzed it in relation to sociodemographic and academic factors.


PARTICIPANTS AND METHODS
The authors selected a stratified random sampling of 1,043 college women (average age of 22.2 years). Sociodemographic and academic information were collected, and psychological distress was assessed with the Symptom Checklist-90-Revised.


RESULTS
This sample of college women scored the highest on the depression dimension and the lowest on the phobic anxiety dimension. The sample scored higher than women of the general population on the dimensions of obsessive-compulsive, interpersonal sensitivity, paranoid ideation, psychoticism, and on the Global Severity Index. Scores in the sample significantly differed based on age, relationship status, financial independence, year of study, and area of study.


CONCLUSION
The results indicated an elevated level of psychological distress among college women, and therefore college health services need to devote more attention to their mental health.
Novel Soy Germ Pasta Enriched in Isoflavones Ameliorates Gastroparesis in Type 2 Diabetes

OBJECTIVE
To determine the effect of soy germ pasta enriched in biologically active isoflavone aglycons on gastric emptying in type 2 diabetic patients with gastroparesis.


RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS
This randomized double-blind, placebo-controlled study compared soy germ pasta with conventional pasta for effects on gastric emptying. Patients (n = 10) with delayed gastric emptying consumed one serving per day of each pasta for 8 weeks, with a 4-week washout. Gastric emptying time (t1/2) was measured using the [(13)C]octanoic acid breath test at baseline and after each period, and blood glucose and insulin concentrations were determined after oral glucose load.


RESULTS
Soy germ pasta significantly accelerated the t1/2 in these patients (161.2 ± 17.5 min at baseline vs. 112.6 ± 11.2 min after treatment, P = 0.009). Such change differed significantly (P = 0.009) from that for conventional pasta (153.6 ± 24.2 vs. 156.2 ± 27.4 min), without affecting glucose or insulin concentrations.


CONCLUSIONS
These findings suggest that soy germ pasta may offer a simple dietary approach to managing diabetic gastropathy.
Gastrointestinal abnormalities in children with autistic disorder.

OBJECTIVES
Our aim was to evaluate the structure and function of the upper gastrointestinal tract in a group of patients with autism who had gastrointestinal symptoms.


STUDY DESIGN
Thirty-six children (age: 5.7 +/- 2 years, mean +/- SD) with autistic disorder underwent upper gastrointestinal endoscopy with biopsies, intestinal and pancreatic enzyme analyses, and bacterial and fungal cultures. The most frequent gastrointestinal complaints were chronic diarrhea, gaseousness, and abdominal discomfort and distension.


RESULTS
Histologic examination in these 36 children revealed grade I or II reflux esophagitis in 25 (69.4%), chronic gastritis in 15, and chronic duodenitis in 24. The number of Paneth's cells in the duodenal crypts was significantly elevated in autistic children compared with non-autistic control subjects. Low intestinal carbohydrate digestive enzyme activity was reported in 21 children (58.3%), although there was no abnormality found in pancreatic function. Seventy-five percent of the autistic children (27/36) had an increased pancreatico-biliary fluid output after intravenous secretin administration. Nineteen of the 21 patients with diarrhea had significantly higher fluid output than those without diarrhea.


CONCLUSIONS
Unrecognized gastrointestinal disorders, especially reflux esophagitis and disaccharide malabsorption, may contribute to the behavioral problems of the non-verbal autistic patients. The observed increase in pancreatico-biliary secretion after secretin infusion suggests an upregulation of secretin receptors in the pancreas and liver. Further studies are required to determine the possible association between the brain and gastrointestinal dysfunctions in children with autistic disorder.
Clinical outcomes of Joint Crisis Plans to reduce compulsory treatment for people with psychosis: a randomised controlled trial

BACKGROUND
The CRIMSON (CRisis plan IMpact: Subjective and Objective coercion and eNgagement) study is an individual level, randomised controlled trial that compared the effectiveness of Joint Crisis Plans (JCPs) with treatment as usual for people with severe mental illness. The JCP is a negotiated statement by a patient of treatment preferences for any future psychiatric emergency, when he or she might be unable to express clear views. We assessed whether the additional use of JCPs improved patient outcomes compared with treatment as usual.


METHODS
Patients were eligible if they had at least one psychiatric admission in the previous 2 years and were on the Enhanced Care Programme Approach register. The study was done with 64 generic and specialist community mental health teams in four English mental health care provider organisations (trusts). Hypotheses tested were that, compared with the control group, the intervention group would experience: fewer compulsory admissions (primary outcome); fewer psychiatric admissions; shorter psychiatric stays; lower perceived coercion; improved therapeutic relationships; and improved engagement. We stratified participants by centre. The research team but not participants nor clinical staff were masked to allocation. This study is registered with ClinicalTrials.gov, number ISRCTN11501328.


FINDINGS
569 participants were randomly assigned (285 to the intervention group and 284 to the control group). No significant treatment effect was seen for the primary outcome (56 [20%] sectioned in the control group and 49 [18%] in the JCP group; odds ratio 0·90 [95% CI 0·58-1·39, p=0·63]) or any secondary outcomes, with the exception of an improved secondary outcome of therapeutic relationships (17·3 [7·6] vs 16·0 [7·1]; adjusted difference -1·28 [95% CI -2·56 to -0·01, p=0·049]). Qualitative data supported this finding.


INTERPRETATION
Our findings are inconsistent with two earlier JCP studies, and show that the JCP is not significantly more effective than treatment as usual. There is evidence to suggest the JCPs were not fully implemented in all study sites, and were combined with routine clinical review meetings which did not actively incorporate patients' preferences. The study therefore raises important questions about implementing new interventions in routine clinical practice.


FUNDING
Medical Research Council UK and the National Institute for Health Research.
Object localization in weakly labeled data using regularized attention networks

We consider the problem of weakly supervised object localization. For an object of interest (e.g. “car”), an image is weakly labeled when its label only indicates the presence/absence of this object, but not the exact location of the object in the image. Given a collection of weakly labeled images for an object, our goal is to localize the object of interest in each image. We propose a novel architecture called the regularized attention network for this problem. Our work builds upon the attention network proposed in [1]. We extend the standard attention network by incorporating a regularization term that encourages the attention scores of object proposals to mimic the scoring distribution of a strong fully supervised object detector. Despite of the simplicity of our approach, our proposed architecture achieves the state-of-the-art results on several benchmark datasets.
The interaction of chaotropic anions with acid ferricytochrome c.

Abstract The influence of the sodium salts of various anions on the spectral properties of acid ferricytochrome c was investigated. It was found that chaotropic anions convert the high spin form of the enzyme into a mixed spin spectral type. The following order of efficiency was established: TBA- g TCA- g ClO4- g SCN- g NO3- g Br- g Cl- (where TBA- and TCA- represent tribromoacetate and trichloroacetate ions, respectively). A correlation was shown between the action of the anions and their partial molar entropies.
A Bayesian Approach to Multipath Mitigation in GNSS Receivers

Multipath is known to be one of the most dominant sources of accuracy degradation in satellite-based navigation systems. Multipath may cause biased position estimates that could jeopardize high-precision applications. This paper considers the problem of tracking the time-variant synchronization parameters of both the line-of-sight signal (LOSS) and its multipath replicas. In particular, the proposed algorithm tracks time-delays, amplitudes, phases and proposes a procedure to extract Doppler shifts from complex amplitudes. However, the interest is focused on LOSS time-delay estimates, since those provide the means to compute user's position. The undertaken Bayesian approach is implemented by a particle filter. The selection of the importance density function, from which particles are generated, is performed using a Gaussian approximation of the posterior function. This selection provides a particle generating function close to the optimal, which yields to an efficient usage of particles. The complex-linear part of the model, i.e., complex amplitudes, is tackled by a Rao-Blackwellization procedure that implements a complex Kalman filter for each generated particle, thus reducing the computational load. Computer simulation results are compared to other Bayesian filtering alternatives (namely, the extended Kalman filter, the unscented Kalman filter and the sequential importance resampling algorithms) and the posterior Cramer-Rao bound.
Ecological impacts on the limpet Lottia gigantea populations: human pressure over a broad scale on island and mainland intertidal zones

Here long-term monitoring data taken at 33 sites in southern and central California coast and islands were used to evaluate the size structure of the large intertidal limpet, Lottia gigantea in restrictedaccess and in easily accessible intertidal zones that encompass a wide range of ecological variables. Using multi-dimensional analysis of population size structures, we found that sites on islands and strictly protected mainland sites have signiWcantly larger median limpet sizes and a greater range of limpet sizes than unprotected mainland sites, while no pattern occurs in latitudinal or regional comparison of sites. Although intertidal predators such as oystercatchers were not the primary focus of the monitoring eVorts, extensive natural history notes taken during sampling visits support the argument that predation was not a primary cause for the size structure diVerences. Finally, substratum diVerences were determined not to have biased the observation of larger limpets in protected sites. In regard to human interactions with limpets, we conclude that the degree of enforcement against poaching is the better predictor of limpet size structure than proximity to population centers or visitation to intertidal sites.
Solving Steiner tree problems in graphs to optimality

Abstract: In this paper, we present the implementation of a branch-and-cut algorithm for solving Steiner tree problems in graphs. Our algorithm is based on an integer programming formulation for directed graphs and comprises preprocessing, separation algorithms, and primal heuristics. We are able to solve nearly all problem instances discussed in the literature to optimality, including one problem that—to our knowledge—has not yet been solved. We also report on our computational experiences with some very large Steiner tree problems arising from the design of electronic circuits. All test problems are gathered in a newly introduced library called SteinLib that is accessible via the World Wide Web. q 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Networks 32: 207–232, 1998
MOMENTS ESTIMATION OFATMOSPHERICRADAR, WIND PROFILER DATA - A CASE STUDY

Atmospheric Signal processing has been one field of signal processing where there is a lot of scope for development of new and efficient tools for Cleaning of the spectrum, detection and estimation of the desired parameters. Atmospheric signal processing deals with the processing of the signals received from the atmosphere when manually stimulated using atmospheric Radar.The signals, which processed in the present work, have been obtained from the mesosphere-stratospheretroposphere(MST) Radar. The MST radar facilities are situated at National Atmospheric research Laboratory, Gadanki, and Tirupati, INDIA. The signal processing done in the present work concentrates mainly on the data collected from NARL located at Gadanki. This project deal with signal processing techniques. for the analysis of MST Radar signal and to extract better information about moments for wind profiler. The proposed algorithm estimates wind profiler moments and signal –to –noise ratio. The performance of this method is tested practically with atmospheric ,wind profiler data collected at NARL, Gadanki, INDIA. Signal processing of recoded experimental data is performed by MATLAB code developed in my project ,and some of the graphs were plotted.
Analysis of the complications of palmar plating versus external fixation for fractures of the distal radius.

PURPOSE
To evaluate whether there was a difference in complication rates in our patients treated with external fixation versus volar plating of distal radius fractures. We also looked for a difference in radiographic results; in the clinical outcomes of flexion, extension, supination, pronation, and grip strength; and in scores on the visual analog scale (VAS) for pain and the Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder, and Hand (DASH) questionnaire.


METHODS
We reviewed 115 patients with comminuted intrarticular distal radius fractures. Of those patients, 59 were treated with external fixation and 56 with volar plate fixation. Postoperative radiographs, range of motion, and grip strength were measured; DASH and VAS pain questionnaires were administered; and complications were documented.


RESULTS
The external fixation group had a significantly higher overall complication rate. In the volar plate group, there were more tendon and median nerve complications, but this difference was not significant. Radiographically, the external fixator group demonstrated radial shortening of 0.7 mm, whereas the volar plate group demonstrated 0.3 mm of radial shortening during the postoperative period. There were no significant differences between the groups in the measurement of scapholunate angle or palmar tilt. The mean DASH score at final follow-up was 32 in the external fixation group and 17 in the volar plate group, which was statistically significant. The final VAS scores were statistically different at 3.1 for the external fixation group and 1.1 for the volar plate group. On physical examination, the volar plate group had significantly better arc of motion in pronation-supination and flexion-extension and better grip strength.


CONCLUSIONS
In the patients we studied, volar plate fixation has an overall decreased incidence of complications and significantly better motion in flexion-extension and supination-pronation compared to external fixation. Volar plate fixation also has less radial shortening than the external fixation group, yet the absolute difference in magnitude of ulnar variance was only 1.4 mm, calling into question the clinical significance of this difference. Patients with volar plating also have better pain and functional outcomes and better grip strength.


TYPE OF STUDY/LEVEL OF EVIDENCE
Therapeutic III.
Survey and analysis of temporal link prediction in online social networks

Online Social Network has tremendously captured the attention of users in recent years. Some social networking sites are explicitly designed for social interaction, while some of them are application based providing content sharing along with social communication. Link prediction is a new interdisciplinary research direction in which, existing links are analyzed and future links are predicted among millions of users of social network. Traditional link prediction methods had focused on the use of graph metrics to determine, where new links are likely to arise. A small amount of work has been done on analyzing longterm graph trends. This paper does the survey and analysis of temporal evolution of link prediction. It has been found out that the earlier graph generation models were unrealistic in their prediction and can be complemented through the use of temporal metrics, resulting in a highly accurate link prediction. In addition, the paper is concluded with the proposed framework which exploits temporal feature along with local similarity attributes.
A Universal Catalyst for First-Order Optimization

We introduce a generic scheme for accelerating first-order optimization methods in the sense of Nesterov. Our approach consists of minimizing a convex objective by approximately solving a sequence of well-chosen auxiliary problems, leading to faster convergence. This strategy applies to a large class of algorithms, including gradient descent, block coordinate descent, SAG, SAGA, SDCA, SVRG, Finito/MISO, and their proximal variants. For all of these approaches, we provide acceleration and explicit support for non-strongly convex objectives. In addition to theoretical speed-up, we also show that acceleration is useful in practice, especially for ill-conditioned problems where we measure significant improvements. [This is a joint work with Hongzhou Lin and Zaid Harchaoui.]
An approach for smart parking system based on cloud using IoT

in the most of the modern cities it is difficult and expensive to create more parking spaces for vehicles since the numbers of vehicles are running on the road are increasing day by day and the count of the free spaces in the cities are the same. This problem leads to congestion for parking seekers and drivers. To develop an IoT framework that targets Parking Management which is biggest challenges in modern cities. Using embedded systems, there is a chance to develop an application which can solve these problems. The proposed smart parking solution gives an onsite deployment in which, IoT application monitors and indicate the availability of each parking space. This system helps in improvising the management of parking system by following rules of the government, for example handling different parking spaces in the city. The intuition of presenting this paper is to reduce smart city issue such as the traffic on road and reduces the pollution in the city and the parking. Keywords— Cloud; Internet of Things; MQTT; Raspberry pi; Parking
Research on Farmers' Satisfaction Evaluation for Crop Variety SubsidyPolicy

In this paper, for improving the effect of crop seed subsidy policy in China, an empirical analysis of the satisfaction evaluation of peasant households was conducted by referring to the results and evaluation methods of the satisfaction theoretical research, and by utilizing the investigation data of 353 peasant households in northern Anhui Province. The results indicated that the overall level of satisfaction of the peasant households in regards to the improved variety subsidy policy was not high, the comprehensive score found to be only 55.38. The satisfaction of the peasant households in regards to the output of the varieties subsidized, the subsidizing methods of the improved varieties, and the selling prices of seeds was also studied. The subsidy amounts were relatively high, while the satisfaction was evaluated in terms of the popularization of the supporting technologies, the business ability of the agricultural technicians, and the working altitude. It was regarded in this study that improving the subsidy amount of the improved varieties, promoting agricultural technical popularization system reform, and perfecting agricultural technician motivation mechanism were the key factors for improving the current overall satisfaction of the present improved variety subsidy policy.