LLukas22/scidocs huggingface dataset:
The formation and design of the 'Acute Admission Database'- a database including a prospective, observational cohort of 6279 patients triaged in the emergency department in a larger Danish hospital

BACKGROUND
Management and care of the acutely ill patient has improved over the last years due to introduction of systematic assessment and accelerated treatment protocols. We have, however, sparse knowledge of the association between patient status at admission to hospital and patient outcome. A likely explanation is the difficulty in retrieving all relevant information from one database. The objective of this article was 1) to describe the formation and design of the 'Acute Admission Database', and 2) to characterize the cohort included.


METHODS
All adult patients triaged at the Emergency Department at Hillerød Hospital and admitted either to the observationary unit or to a general ward in-hospital were prospectively included during a period of 22 weeks. The triage system used was a Danish adaptation of the Swedish triage system, ADAPT. Data from 3 different data sources was merged using a unique identifier, the Central Personal Registry number; 1) Data from patient admission; time and date, vital signs, presenting complaint and triage category, 2) Blood sample results taken at admission, including a venous acid-base status, and 3) Outcome measures, e.g. length of stay, admission to Intensive Care Unit, and mortality within 7 and 28 days after admission.


RESULTS
In primary triage, patients were categorized as red (4.4%), orange (25.2%), yellow (38.7%) and green (31.7%). Abnormal vital signs were present at admission in 25% of the patients, most often temperature (10.5%), saturation of peripheral oxygen (9.2%), Glasgow Coma Score (6.6%) and respiratory rate (4.8%). A venous acid-base status was obtained in 43% of all patients. The majority (78%) had a pH within the normal range (7.35-7.45), 15% had acidosis (pH < 7.35) and 7% had alkalosis (pH > 7.45). Median length of stay was 2 days (range 1-123). The proportion of patients admitted to Intensive Care Unit was 1.6% (95% CI 1.2-2.0), 1.8% (95% CI 1.5-2.2) died within 7 days, and 4.2% (95% CI 3.7-4.7) died within 28 days after admission.


CONCLUSIONS
Despite challenges of data registration, we succeeded in creating a database of adequate size and data quality. Future studies will focus on the association between patient status at admission and patient outcome, e.g. admission to Intensive Care Unit or in-hospital mortality.
Effect of certolizumab pegol over 96 weeks in patients with psoriatic arthritis with and without prior antitumour necrosis factor exposure

OBJECTIVE
Previous reports of RAPID-PsA (NCT01087788) demonstrated efficacy and safety of certolizumab pegol (CZP) over 24 weeks in patients with psoriatic arthritis (PsA), including patients with prior antitumour necrosis factor (TNF) therapy. We report efficacy and safety data from a 96-week data cut of RAPID-PsA.


METHODS
RAPID-PsA was placebo-controlled to week 24, dose-blind to week 48 and open-label to week 216. We present efficacy data including American College of Rheumatology (ACR)/Psoriasis Area and Severity Index (PASI) responses, HAQ-DI, pain, minimal disease activity (MDA), modified total Sharp score (mTSS) and ACR responses in patients with/without prior anti-TNF exposure, in addition to safety data.


RESULTS
Of 409 patients randomised, 273 received CZP from week 0. 54 (19.8%) CZP patients had prior anti-TNF exposure. Of patients randomised to CZP, 91% completed week 24, 87% week 48 and 80% week 96. ACR responses were maintained to week 96: 60% of patients achieved ACR20 at week 24, and 64% at week 96. Improvements were observed with both CZP dose regimens. ACR20 responses were similar in patients with (week 24: 59%; week 96: 63%) and without (week 24: 60%; week 96: 64%) prior anti-TNF exposure. Placebo patients switching to CZP displayed rapid clinical improvements, maintained to week 96. In patients with ≥3% baseline skin involvement (60.8% week 0 CZP patients), PASI responses were maintained to week 96. No progression of structural damage was observed over the 96-week period. In the Safety Set (n=393), adverse events occurred in 345 patients (87.8%) and serious adverse events in 67 (17.0%), including 6 fatal events.


CONCLUSIONS
CZP efficacy was maintained to week 96 with both dose regimens and in patients with/without prior anti-TNF exposure. The safety profile was in line with that previously reported from RAPID-PsA, with no new safety signals observed with increased exposure.


TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER
NCT01087788.
Long-term outcome of high-intensity focused ultrasound in advanced pancreatic cancer.

OBJECTIVES
The aim of this study was to evaluate safety and efficacy of high-intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU) for advanced pancreatic cancer (PC).


METHODS
Patients with PC TNM stage III or IV were included. Magnetic resonance imaging was performed 2 weeks before and after the HIFU. The ablating tumor volume was calculated by ratio of the nonperfused necrotic area of the planned area on contrast-enhanced T1-weighted image on post-HIFU magnetic resonance imaging. The ablation results were stratified into 4 ranges: 100% to 90% unenhanced area of targeting area, 90% to 50%, within 50%, and no change.


RESULTS
High-intensity focused ultrasound treatment was performed without severe adverse event in 46 patients, 49 times (male-female = 25:21; mean age, 60.7 ± 10.0; TNM stage 3-stage 4 = 18:28). Average size of the PC lesion was 4.2 ± 1.4 cm (1.6-9.3 cm). After HIFU treatment, ablating tumor volume was as follows: 90% to 100% in 38 lesions, 90% to 50% in 8, and within 50% in 3. Overall median survival (S1) from initial PC diagnosis was 12.4 months. Overall survival (S2) rates at 6, 12, and 18 months from HIFU were 52.2%, 30.4%, and 21.79%, respectively, with a median survival of 7.0 months


CONCLUSIONS
High-intensity focused ultrasound is safe and effective, which induced excellent local tumor control in most patients with advanced PC.
Prevalence of severe acute rotavirus gastroenteritis and intussusceptions in Ghanaian children under 5 years of age.

INTRODUCTION
Vaccination is the most effective preventive strategy against rotavirus disease. Regional differences in prevalent rotavirus genotypes may affect vaccine efficacy. Pre-vaccine surveillance for burden of rotavirus disease, prevalent rotavirus genotypes, and association between rotavirus disease and intussusceptions helps in monitoring the impact of vaccination.


METHODOLOGY
A prospective study was conducted from January 2008 to December 2009 in children younger than five years hospitalized for longer than 24 hours with acute gastroenteritis. Data on confirmed cases of intussusception were collected retrospectively. Stools were tested by enzyme immunoassay, reverse-transcriptase polymerase chain reaction and nucleotide sequencing. 


RESULTS
Acute gastroenteritis (AGE) caused 13.1% (2,147/16,348) of hospitalizations among children under five years. Stools were tested for 50.2% (1077/2147) of AGE cases. Of these, 49% (528/1077) were rotavirus positive. Rotavirus gastroenteritis, non-rotavirus gastroenteritis, and intussusceptions were most prevalent in children under 15 months [80.3%, 74% and 91% respectively]. Rotavirus was detected from more than 60% of acute gastroenteritis cases during peak months. The prevalence of intussusception showed no seasonal pattern. The peak ages of six to twelve months for acute gastroenteritis and five to eight months for intussusception overlapped. G1, G2 and mixed G/P genotypes were common in the isolated rotaviruses.


CONCLUSION
Rotavirus gastroenteritis causes significant morbidity in children younger than five years of age in Ghana. Although the peak age of rotavirus gastroenteritis and intussusceptions overlapped, there was no seasonal correlation between them. The high prevalence of mixed G/P genotypes in Ghanaian children may affect the effectiveness of vaccination.
Visualizing time-oriented data - A systematic view

The analysis of time-oriented data is an important task in many application scenarios. In recent years, a variety of techniques for visualizing such data have been published. This variety makes it difficult for prospective users to select methods or tools that are useful for their particular task at hand. In this article, we develop and discuss a systematic view on the diversity of methods for visualizing time-oriented data. With the proposed categorization we try to untangle the visualization of time-oriented data, which is such an important concern in Visual Analytics. The categorization is not only helpful for users, but also for researchers to identify future tasks in Visual Analytics. r 2007 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. MSC: primary 68U05; 68U35
Parenting stress in mothers of adults with an intellectual disability: parental cognitions in relation to child characteristics and family support.

BACKGROUND
There is a body of evidence that indicates that the cognitions of parents of children with intellectual disabilities (ID) play an important role in influencing parental stress. However, there is a paucity of evidence about the experience of parents of adult children with ID. This study sought to apply a model of parenting stress to mothers of adults with ID. Of particular interest were the parental cognitions of parenting self-esteem and parental locus of control.


METHOD
Face-to face interviews were administered with 44 mothers of adults with ID. They completed the Vineland Adaptive and Maladaptive Behaviour Scale, the Family Support Scale, the Parenting Sense of Competence Scale, a shortened version of the Parental Locus of Control Scale and the Parenting Stress Index.


RESULTS
Correlations were observed between parenting stress and the other study variables. Regression analysis revealed that parental cognitive variables predicted 61% of the variance in parenting stress. Parenting satisfaction, a subscale of the measure of parenting sense of competence, mediated the relationships between adaptive behaviour and parenting stress and between family support and parenting stress.


CONCLUSIONS
These results indicate the importance of cognitive variables in the stress of mothers of adults with ID. Potential avenues of future research might focus on the experience of fathers and the impact of positive perceptions as a cognitive factor.
Software Development for the Kinematic Analysis of a Lynx 6 Robot Arm

The kinematics of manipulators is a central problem in the automatic control of robot manipulators. Theoretical background for the analysis of the 5 Dof Lynx-6 educational Robot Arm kinematics is presented in this paper. The kinematics problem is defined as the transformation from the Cartesian space to the joint space and vice versa. The Denavit-Harbenterg (D-H) model of representation is used to model robot links and joints in this study. Both forward and inverse kinematics solutions for this educational manipulator are presented, An effective method is suggested to decrease multiple solutions in inverse kinematics. A visual software package, named MSG, is also developed for testing Motional Characteristics of the Lynx-6 Robot arm. The kinematics solutions of the software package were found to be identical with the robot arm’s physical motional behaviors. Keywords—Lynx 6, robot arm, forward kinematics, inverse kinematics, software, DH parameters, 5 DOF ,SSC-32 , simulator.
Wetlands ecology and conservation: emphasis in Pennsylvania.

The decline in both the quality and quantity of our wetland resources has become a matter of national concern. This volume is an outgrowth of concerns for both the preservation and enhancement of our existing wetlands as well as for the increase of this resource both in Pennsylvania and elsewhere in the United States.
Anterior cervical discectomy and fusion: analysis of surgical outcome with and without plating

The aim of this study is to analyse the differences in clinical and radiological outcome of anterior cervical discectomy and fusion for cervical degenerative disease, with and without the addition of an anterior cervical locking plate. Although disc arthoplasty is gaining popularity, the anterior cervical decompression and fusion procedure remains the gold standard. The outcome of 242 cases operated between 1991 to 1998 were analysed. Two groups of patients were operated on by the same surgeon. The only difference in technique between the two groups was the addition of an anterior cervical plate, with all other technical details matching, including the use of iliac crest autograft. The indications for surgery for both groups was identical. We made an attempt to study radiological fusion, clinical outcome and complications between the non-plated and plated groups. Our main finding is that the addition of an anterior plate reduces the number of poor clinical outcomes, but does not increase the number of excellent outcomes. Anterior discectomy and fusion with plating in our series had a significantly higher fusion rate; 98% fusion was noted in the plating group as compared to 93.5% in the non-plating group (Fisher's exact test, p=0.029). Union was faster in the plated group with no significant increase in surgical complications. Although clinical outcomes were superior in the plated group for the radiculopathy cohort, excellent outcomes were not significantly higher as compared to the non-plated group. The non-plated group had a significantly higher rate of poor outcomes, with 10% of patients requiring revision surgery for non-union, kyphosis, graft extrusion and graft collapse with foraminal stenosis. 1.8% of the plated group required revision surgery.
Comparison and evaluation of stresses generated by rapid maxillary expansion and the implant-supported rapid maxillary expansion on the craniofacial structures using finite element method of stress analysis

BACKGROUND
The study aimed to evaluate and compare the stress distribution and 3-dimensional displacements along the craniofacial sutures in between the Rapid maxillary Expansion (RME) and Implant supported RME (I-RME). METHOD﻿S: Finite element model of the skull and the implants were created using ANSYS software. The finite element model thus built composed of 537692 elements and 115694 nodes in RME model & 543078 elements and 117948 nodes with implants model. The forces were applied on the palatal surface of the posterior teeth to cause 5mm of transverse displacement on either side of the palatal halves, making it a total of 10mm. The stresses and the displacement values were obtained and interpreted.


RESULTS
Varying pattern of stress and the displacements with both positive and negative values were seen. The maximum displacement was seen in the case of plain RME model and that too at Pterygomaxillary suture and Mid-palatal suture in descending order. In the case of I-RME maximum displacement was seen at Zygomaticomaxillary suture followed by Pterygomaxillary suture. The displacements produced in all the three planes of space for the plain RME model were greater in comparison to the Implant Supported RME model. And the stresses remained high for all the sutures in case of an I-RME.


CONCLUSIONS
There is a definite difference in the stress and the displacement pattern produced by RME and I-RME model and each can be used according to the need of the patient. The stresses generated in case of conventional RME were considerably less than that of the I-RME for all the sutures.
Atomic diffusion bonding of wafers in air with thin Au films and its application to optical devices fabrication

Atomic diffusion bonding (ADB) of two flat wafers in air with Au films was studied. Experimental results indicate that wafers can be bonded in air with bonding strength of greater than 25 MPa using only 1 nm total thickness of Au and Cr underlayer on each side.
Efficacy of different therapeutic regimens on hepatic osteodystrophy in chronic viral liver disease.

BACKGROUND AND AIMS
Metabolic bone disease is common in patients with chronic liver disease. Comparative studies on the efficacies of antiosteoporotic agents in hepatic osteodystrophy have not been conducted yet. The aim of this study was to evaluate the safety and efficacy of different therapeutic regimens on hepatic osteodystrophy.


METHODS
Eighty-one patients (mean age 48.9 ± 10 years; 50 cases with chronic viral hepatitis and 31 patients with cirrhosis) were enrolled in the study. Treatment groups consisted of 61 patients who had reduced T scores in at least one region, selected randomly and treated for 1 year with vitamin D 400 IU, calcitonin 200 IU, alendronate 10 mg, alendronate 70 mg, or risedronate 5 mg. An untreated group consisting of 20 patients who had no reduction in T scores was followed up during the study period.


RESULTS
No significant adverse effects, including esophageal variceal hemorrhage, were detected. According to the T score at the end of the first year compared with baseline, significant improvements in bone mineral density were observed at all regions with alendronate 70 mg; improvements at the lumbar spine (LS) and distal radius regions with alendronate 10 mg; at the LS and distal radius regions with risedronate; at the LS region with calcitonin; and at the femoral neck region with vitamin D.


CONCLUSION
All therapeutic regimens seemed to be safe, and oral biphosphonates were the most effective in preventing both cortical and trabecular bone loss in patients with chronic viral liver disease. Larger studies with longer follow-up are warranted in hepatic osteodystrophy of chronic viral liver diseases.
SPOKEN QA BASED ON A PASSAGE RETRIEVAL ENGINE

This paper presents a Passage Retrieval-based approach for the development of spoken Question Answering systems. Question Answering can be seen as a particular aspect of Information Retrieval where the user's information need are not satisfied by means of a document, but by a portion of text. Currently, the performance of typical Question Answering systems is rather poor, if compared with other Information Retrieval tasks, however, it is predictable that these system will be used in combination with some speech interface when high precision will be achieved. The most important evaluation competitions for Question Answering, such as TREC and CLEF, still do not have a spoken Question Answering track, therefore this work presents a novel approach to this task in order to study the influence of recognition errors over Question Answering systems.
Book Review: The Shock Doctrine: The Rise of Disaster Capitalism written by Naomi Klein

Book review by Dr. Robert Looney of the book The Shock Doctrine: The Rise of Disaster Capitalism written by Naomi Klein.
Assessment of efficacy of platelet-rich plasma (PRP) on infraorbital dark circles and crow's feet wrinkles.

BACKGROUND
Infraorbital skin hyperpigmentation, commonly called dark circles, and crow's feet wrinkles are common cosmetic concerns. Various methods of treatment have been evaluated with variable outcomes.


OBJECTIVE
This study was performed to assess the efficacy of platelet-rich plasma (PRP) injection for treating periorbital dark circles and crow's feet.


METHODS
Ten participants with a mean age of 41.2 years were treated in a single session with intradermal injections of 1.5 mL PRP into tear trough area and crow's feet wrinkles on each side. The effects on melanin content, color homogeneity of the treated area, epidermal stratum corneum hydration, and wrinkle volume and visibility index were compared 3 months after treatment with baseline. Physician's global assessment and participants' satisfaction and any potential side effects were also assessed.


RESULTS
The improvement in infraorbital color homogeneity was statistically significant (P = 0.010), but no statistically significant changes were observed in melanin content, stratum corneum hydration, wrinkle volume, and visibility index. Participant's satisfaction score and physician's global assessment score were 2.2 and 1.7, respectively, on a 0-3 scale.


CONCLUSION
Platelet-rich plasma may have the potential to improve infraorbital dark circle in terms of color homogeneity of the region, though this remains to be proven using larger, controlled studies using multiple injections.
IoFClime: The fuzzy logic and the Internet of Things to control indoor temperature regarding the outdoor ambient conditions

The Internet of Things is arriving to our homes or cities through fields already known like Smart Homes, Smart Cities, or Smart Towns. The monitoring of environmental conditions of cities can help to adapt the indoor locations of the cities in order to be more comfortable for people who stay there. A way to improve the indoor conditions is an efficient temperature control, however, it depends on many factors like the different combinations of outdoor temperature and humidity. Therefore, adjusting the indoor temperature is not setting a value according to other value. There are many more factors to take into consideration, hence the traditional logic based in binary states cannot be used. Many problems cannot be solved with a set of binary solutions and we need a new way of development. Fuzzy logic is able to interpret many states, more than two states, giving to computers the capacity to react in a similar way to people. In this paper we will propose a new approach to control the temperature using the Internet of Things together its platforms and fuzzy logic regarding not only the indoor temperature but also the outdoor temperature and humidity in order to save energy and to set a more comfortable environment for their users. Finally, ∗Corresponding author Email addresses: danielmeanallorian@gmail.com (Daniel Meana-Llorián), gonzalezgarciacristian@hotmail.com (Cristian González Garćıa), crispelayo@uniovi.es (B. Cristina Pelayo G-Bustelo), cueva@uniovi.es (Juan Manuel Cueva Lovelle), nestor@uniovi.es (Nestor Garcia-Fernandez)
A comparative analysis of decision trees visa-vis other computational data mining techniques in automotive insurance fraud detection

The development and application of computational data mining techniques in financial fraud detection and business failure prediction has become a popular cross-disciplinary research area in recent times involving financial economists, forensic accountants and computational modellers. Some of the computational techniques popularly used in the context of financial fraud detection and business failure prediction can also be effectively applied in the detection of fraudulent insurance claims and therefore, can be of immense practical value to the insurance industry. We provide a comparative analysis of prediction performance of a battery of data mining techniques using real-life automotive insurance fraud data. While the data we have used in our paper is US-based, the computational techniques we have tested can be adapted and generally applied to detect similar insurance frauds in other countries as well where an organized automotive insurance industry exists.
An Improvement on RFID Authentication Protocol with Privacy Protection

Due to the well-developed technology, the radio frequency identification (RFID) is widely used in all areas. For some applications, the RFID system simply worked as a memory card without security mechanism. However, in many applications, the RFID systems need security mechanism for authentication. In scenario such as e-passport, the RFID systems even need mechanism to protect userpsilas privacy. In 2004, Gao et al. proposed a RFID system for supply chain, and their system has security drawbacks. In 2007, Chen et al. proposed an improved mechanism to enhance the security. However, in this paper, we will show that Chen et al.'s protocol is not so secure as they claimed. Any adversary can masquerade as a legal user if he/she eavesdrops the transmitted message. We propose an improvement protocol to fix the flaws. The improvement protocol is secure with merits of privacy protection, resisting counterfeit attack and obtain mutual authentication.