LLukas22/scidocs huggingface dataset:
TRAINING RECURRENT NETWORKS FOR FILTERING AND CONTROL

Neural networks can be classified into recurrent and nonrecurrent catego Nonrecurrent (feedforward) networks have no feedback elements; the outp calculated directly from the input through feedforward connections. In recur networks the output depends not only on the current input to the network, bu on the current or previous outputs or states of the network. For this rea recurrent networks are more powerful than nonrecurrent networks and important uses in control and signal processing applications. This chapter introduces the Layered Digital Recurrent Network (LDR develops a general training algorithm for this network, and demonstrates application of the LDRN to problems in controls and signal processing. In Sec II we present the notation necessary to represent the LDRN. Section III con a discussion of the dynamic backpropagation algorithms that are require compute training gradients for recurrent networks. The concepts underlying backpropagation-through-time and forward perturbation algorithms are prese in a unified framework and are demonstrated for a simple, single-loop recu network. In Section IV we describe a general forward perturbation algorithm computing training gradients for the LDRN. Two application sections follow discussion of dynamic backpropagation: neurocontrol and nonlinear filter These sections demonstrate the implementation of the general dyn backpropagation algorithm. The control section (Section V) applies neurocontrol architecture to the automatic equalization of an acoustic transm The nonlinear filtering section (Section VI) demonstrates the application recurrent filtering network to a noise-cancellation application.
Prophylaxis of migraine with melatonin: a randomized controlled trial.

BACKGROUND
A previous open-label study of melatonin, a key substance in the circadian system, has shown effects on migraine that warrant a placebo-controlled study.


METHOD
A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled crossover study was carried out in 2 centers. Men and women, aged 18-65 years, with migraine but otherwise healthy, experiencing 2-7 attacks per month, were recruited from the general population. After a 4-week run-in phase, 48 subjects were randomized to receive either placebo or extended-release melatonin (Circadin®, Neurim Pharmaceuticals Ltd., Tel Aviv, Israel) at a dose of 2 mg 1 hour before bedtime for 8 weeks. After a 6-week washout treatment was switched. The primary outcome was migraine attack frequency (AF). A secondary endpoint was sleep quality assessed by the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI).


RESULTS
Forty-six subjects completed the study (96%). During the run-in phase, the average AF was 4.2 (±1.2) per month and during melatonin treatment the AF was 2.8 (±1.6). However, the reduction in AF during placebo was almost equal (p = 0.497). Absolute risk reduction was 3% (95% confidence interval -15 to 21, number needed to treat = 33). A highly significant time effect was found. The mean global PSQI score did not improve during treatment (p = 0.09).


CONCLUSION
This study provides Class I evidence that prolonged-release melatonin (2 mg 1 hour before bedtime) does not provide any significant effect over placebo as migraine prophylaxis.


CLASSIFICATION OF EVIDENCE
This study provides Class I evidence that 2 mg of prolonged release melatonin given 1 hour before bedtime for a duration of 8 weeks did not result in a reduction in migraine frequency compared with placebo (p = 0.497).
Secure Database in Cloud Computing - CryptDB Revisited

Databases contain most valuable personal, economic, and government information. They are most desirable to the malicious adversaries and therefore, it is very critical to protect against all possible adversarial behavior. With the recent rapid growth in the availability and popularity of cloud services, many personal and business and government information are now moving to the Cloud. Therefore, databases are more difficult to protect because of new security and privacy issues. Various techniques have been proposed to solve the outsourcing database scenarios which preserve a certain degree of confidentiality while still allowing to execute some SQL queries efficiently. CryptDB is a new database management system for protecting data confidentiality while preserving confidentiality and performing a standard set of SQL queries in an efficient way. CryptDB seems to be practical compared to other attempts at solving the problem of computing with encrypted data and the database can be fully moved to the Cloud with no security concern because all the data are already encrypted and never revealed to the database administrator. In this paper, CryptDB is revisited from cryptographic point of view. First of all, CryptDB is described in more details for ease of understanding and then the drawbacks of CryptDB are highlighted from security and efficiency points of view. Keywords—Secure Database, Encrypted Search, Cryptographic Protocol, Proxy Server
Association of kidney function with inflammatory and procoagulant markers in a diverse cohort: A cross-sectional analysis from the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis (MESA)

BACKGROUND
Prior studies using creatinine-based estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) have found limited associations between kidney function and markers of inflammation. Using eGFR and cystatin C, a novel marker of kidney function, the authors investigated the association of kidney function with multiple biomarkers in a diverse cohort.


METHODS
The Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis consists of 6,814 participants of white, African-American, Hispanic, and Chinese descent, enrolled from 2000-2002 from six U.S. communities. Measurements at the enrollment visit included serum creatinine, cystatin C, and six inflammatory and procoagulant biomarkers. Creatinine-based eGFR was estimated using the four-variable Modification of Diet in Renal Disease equation, and chronic kidney disease was defined by an eGFR < 60 mL/min/1.73 m2.


RESULTS
Adjusted partial correlations between cystatin C and all biomarkers were statistically significant: C-reactive protein (r = 0.08), interleukin-6 (r = 0.16), tumor necrosis factor-alpha soluble receptor 1 (TNF-alphaR1; r = 0.75), intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (r = 0.21), fibrinogen (r = 0.14), and factor VIII (r = 0.11; two-sided p < 0.01 for all). In participants without chronic kidney disease, higher creatinine-based eGFR was associated only with higher TNF-alphaR1 levels.


CONCLUSION
In a cohort characterized by ethnic diversity, cystatin C was directly associated with multiple procoagulant and inflammatory markers. Creatinine-based eGFR had similar associations with these biomarkers among subjects with chronic kidney disease.
Mobile Payment Solution &#8212; Symbiosis Between Banks, Application Service Providers and Mobile NetworkOperators

This paper deals with one possible solution of integrating banks, application service providers and mobile network operators in order to provide end-to-end mobile payment solution to their common users. This solution, implemented by Mobile Telephony of Serbia (further mt:s) has three main parts: core of mobile payment system; interface to application service providers on one side; and interfaces to the banks on the other side. There are different channels for users to access mobile payment system: SMS, Internet, applications integrated in mobile POS terminals, but all the applications have common, unified interface to the core of the system. There are two different interfaces for communicating with banks: ISO 8583 and Web service interface, but modular structure of the system allows additional interfaces to be added. Prerequisite for using this kind of solution is that user has to be registered for using mobile payment services
Clinical and immunological outcomes according to adherence to first-line HAART in a urban and rural cohort of HIV-infected patients in Burkina Faso, West Africa

BACKGROUND
Aim of our study is to investigate the clinical and immunological outcomes according to first-line HAART adherence in a large cohort of HIV-infected patients in Burkina Faso.


METHODS
A retrospective study was conducted between 2001 and 2009 among patients from two urban medical centers [St. Camille Medical Center (CMSC) and "Pietro Annigoni" Biomolecular Research Center (CERBA)] and 1 in the rural District of Nanoro (St. Camille District Hospital). Socio-demographical and clinical data were analyzed. Adherence was evaluated through a questionnaire investigating 5 key points related to drugs, consultations and blood exams, by assigning 0 to 2 points each up to 10 points overall. Data were collected at baseline and regularly thereafter. Adherence score was considered as a continuous variable and classified in optimal (8-10 points) and sub-optimal (0-7 points). Immunological outcome was evaluated as modification in CD4+ T-cell count over time, while predictors of death were explored by a univariate and multivariate Cox model considering adherence score as a time-varying covariate.


RESULTS
A total of 625 patients were included: 455 (72.8%) were females, the median age was 33.3 (IQR 10.2) years, 204 (32.6.%) were illiterates, the median CD4+ T-cell count was 149 (IQR 114) cells/μl at baseline. At the end of the observation period we recorded 60/625 deaths and 40 lost to follow-up. The analysis of immunological outcomes showed a significant variation in CD4+ T-cell count between M12 and M24 only for patients with optimal adherence (Δ=78.2, p<0.001), with a significant Δ between the two adherence groups at M24 (8-10 vs 0-7, Δ=53.8, p=0.004). Survival multivariate analysis revealed that covariates significantly related to death included being followed at CERBA (urban area) or Nanoro (rural area), and receiving a regimen not including fixed dose combinations, (p=0.024, p=0.001 and p<0.001 respectively); conversely, an increasing adherence score as well as an optimal adherence score were significantly related to survival (p<0.001).


CONCLUSIONS
Adherence to HAART remains pivotal to build up a good therapeutic outcome. Our results confirm that, according to our adherence system evaluation, less adherent patients have a higher risk of death and of inadequate CD4+ count recovery.
A Multistate Physics Model of Component Degradation Based on Stochastic Petri Nets and Simulation

Multistate physics modeling (MSPM) of degradation processes is an approach proposed for estimating the failure probability of components and systems. This approach integrates multistate modeling, which describes the degradation process through transitions among discrete states (e.g., initial, microcrack, rupture, etc.), and physics modeling by (physics) equations that describe the degradation process within the states. In reality, the degradation process is non-Markovian, its transition rates are time-dependent, and the degradation is possibly influenced by uncertain external factors such as temperature and stress. Under these conditions, it is in general difficult to derive the state probabilities analytically. In this paper, we overcome this difficulty by building a simulation model supported by a stochastic Petri net representing the multistate degradation process. The proposed modeling approach is applied to the problem of a nuclear component undergoing stress corrosion cracking. The results are compared with those derived from the state-space enrichment Markov chain approximation method applied in a previous work of literature.
Partial Metric Spaces

Scott models are topological models of complete partial orders used for Tarskian fixed point semantics of the lambda calculus. As of yet there are no methods for deriving Scott models from specifications of the "complete" objects beyond an arbitrary choice. This paper introduces "partial metrics" for generalising a theory of complete objects into a Scott model including partial objects.
Prosocial norms in the classroom: The role of self-regulation in following norms of giving

Children who are prosocial in elementary school tend to have higher academic achievement and experience greater acceptance by their peers in adolescence. Despite this positive influence on educational outcomes, it is still unclear why some children are more prosocial than others in school. The current study investigates a possible link between following a prosocial norm and self-regulation. We tested 433 children between 6 and 13 years of age in two variations of the Dictator Game. Children were asked what they should or would give in the game and then played an actual DG. We show that most children hold a common norm for sharing resources, but that some children fail to follow that norm in the actual game. The gap between norm and behavior was correlated with self-regulation skills on a parent-report individual differences measure. Specifically, we show that two components of self-regulation, attention and inhibition, predict children’s ability to follow the stated norm for giving. These results suggest that some children are poorer at holding the norm in mind and following through on enacting it. We discuss the implications of these results for education and programs that promote social and emotional learning (SEL). © 2014 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
Virtual hairy brush for painterly rendering

We propose a novel ‘‘e-brush’’ for calligraphy and painting, which meets all the criteria for a good e-brush. We use only four attributes to capture the essential features of the brush, and a suitably powerful modeling metaphor for its behavior. The e-brush s geometry, dynamic motions, and pigment changes are all dealt with in a single model. A single model simplifies the synchronization between the various system modules, thus giving rise to a more stable system, and lower costs. By a careful tradeoff between the complexity of the model and computation efficiency, more elaborate simulation of the e-brush s deformation and its recovery for interactive painterly rendering is made possible. We also propose a novel paper–ink model to complement the brush s model, and a machine intelligence module to empower the user to easily create beautiful calligraphy and painting. Despite the complexity of the modeling behind the scene, the high-level user interface has a simplistic and friendly design. The final results created by our e-brush can rival the real artwork. 2004 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
Data-driven persona development

Much has been written on creating personas --- both what they are good for, and how to create them. A common problem with personas is that they are not based on real customer data, and if they are, the data set is not of a sample size that can be considered statistically significant. In this paper, we describe a new method for creating and validating personas, based on the statistical analysis of data, which is fast and cost effective.
BIS Working Papers No 514 The influence of monetary policy on bank profitability

This paper investigates how monetary policy affects bank profitability. We use data for 109 large international banks headquartered in 14 major advanced economies for the period 1995–2012. Overall, we find a positive relationship between the level of short-term rates and the slope of the yield curve (the “interest rate structure”, for short), on the one hand, and bank profitability – return on assets – on the other. This suggests that the positive impact of the interest rate structure on net interest income dominates the negative one on loan loss provisions and on non-interest income. We also find that the effect is stronger when the interest rate level is lower and the slope less steep, ie that non-linearities are present. All this suggests that, over time, unusually low interest rates and an unusually flat term structure erode bank profitability. JEL classification: C53, E43, E52, G21.
Study on the Analysis and Optimization of Brake Disc : A Review

In view of significant increase in the research work on the brake disc in past few years, this article attempts to identify and highlight the various researches that are most relevant to analysis and optimization of brake disc. In the present article a keen review on the studies done on brake disc by previous researchers between (19982015) is presented. This literature review covers the important aspects of brake disc with the emphasis on material selection methods, thermal analysis, structural analysis, FEA and optimization of disc brake. This literature progressively discusses about the research methodology adopted and the outcome of the research work done by past researchers. This review is intended to give the readers a brief about the variety of the research work done on brake disc. Keywords--Brake disc, FEA, Optimization
Appropriateness and reliability testing of the modified Richmond Agitation-Sedation Scale in Spanish patients with advanced cancer.

CONTEXT
A tool to quantify agitation severity and sedation level in patients with advanced cancer is needed.


OBJECTIVES
To test the appropriateness and reliability of the Richmond Agitation-Sedation Scale (RASS) in Spanish patients with advanced cancer.


METHODS
The original RASS was translated into Spanish according to the standard guidelines. Face validity was assessed by members of the palliative care team, and interrater reliability was assessed, using a weighted kappa, from observations of patients admitted to the palliative care unit. The association between scores of the RASS, Ramsay Sedation Scale, and Glasgow Coma Scale was evaluated using Spearman's ρ.


RESULTS
Three hundred twenty-two observations were performed in 156 patients: 116 observations were performed for delirious patients, 76 observations for sedated patients, and 130 observations for patients admitted for other symptom control. The weighted kappa values were practically equal to or greater than 0.90 between nurses and nurses and physicians. The agreement level between observers for each RASS score was roughly 90%. The correlation between the RASS and the Ramsay and Glasgow Scale values was analyzed for 196 observations recorded in 80 patients. The sedation scale of the RASS had a strong correlation with both the Ramsay (Spearman's ρ, -0.89; P < 0.001) and the Glasgow Coma Scales (Spearman's ρ, 0.85; P < 0.001).


CONCLUSION
These data support the use of the RASS in Spanish patients with advanced cancer.
A Time-context-Based Collaborative Filtering Algorithm

Collaborative Filtering, one of the most widely used algorithm in recommender system, predicts a user's preference towards an item by aggregating ratings given by users having similar taste with that user. State-of-the-art approaches introduce many other secondary methods to combine to cope with sparsity and precision problem. However, these hybrid approaches rarely consider the importance of context information. This paper incorporates the time-context, one of the most important contexts, into the traditional collaborative filtering algorithm and proposes a Time-context-Based Collaborative Filtering (TBCF) Algorithm to improve the performance for traditional collaborative filtering algorithm. Experiments evaluating our approach are carried out on real dataset taken from movie recommendation system provided by MovieLens web site. The result shows the proposed approach can improve predication accuracy and recall ratio compared with existing methods.
AASRI Conference on Sports Engineering and Computer Science ( SECS 2014 ) Mining Tracks of Competitive Video Games

The development and professionalization of a video game requires tools for analyzing the practice of the players and teams, their tactics and strategies. These games are very popular and by nature numerical, they provide many tracks that we analyzed in terms of team play. We studied Defense of the Ancients (DotA), a Multiplayer Online Battle Arena (MOBA), where two teams battle in a game very similar to rugby or American football. Through topological measures – area of polygon described by the players, inertia, diameter, distance to the base – that are independent of the exact nature of the game, we show that the outcome of the match can be relevantly predicted. Mining e-sport’s tracks is opening interest in further application of these tools for analyzing real time sport. © 2014. Published by Elsevier B.V. Selection and/or peer review under responsibility of American Applied Science Research Institute
Spatial Distribution and the Animal Landscape

P and harmony reign in Roelandt Savery’s The Garden of Eden, on this month’s cover of Emerging Infectious Diseases. Animals sprawled across the expansive landscape move languidly, unaware of any danger to them from each other or their surroundings, their graceful contours and anatomic details of greater interest to the artist than their natural temperament. The pastoral scene lends itself to the paradoxical rendition, common in Flanders during Savery’s time, of the imaginary put in realistic terms. Flanders (in today’s Belgium) was the region of Europe known for great cultural achievements, particularly in the Middle Ages and during the 16th and 17th centuries, when Flemish, also known as Netherlandish, art flourished. Landscape painting, which had been merely the setting for religious scenes, became important in its own right in the art centers of Antwerp and Brussels, and when Joachim Patinir, one of the first to create stand-alone landscapes, was praised by Albrecht Dürer as a “good landscape painter,” the term landscape was elevated for the first time outside the context of Italian art (1). The genre was brought to new heights by such masters as Jan Bruegel the Elder and Peter Paul Rubens. Contemporary of these great masters and the bestknown in a family of artists, Savery was born in the Dutch village of Kortrijk and grew up in Amsterdam, where he studied under his brother Jacob and artist Hans Bol. He traveled widely and worked for Henry IV in France and Emperor Matthias in Vienna, but his stay in Prague, where he was painter and etcher of landscapes, animals, and still lifes in the court of Rudolf II von Habsburg, produced the work for which he is most remembered (2). Rudolf, emperor of the Holy Roman Empire and king of Bohemia and Hungary, was known for his eccentricity, one sign of which was his famed menagerie of exotic animals. Obsessive collector of unusual objects and lover of art and architecture, as well as science, the offbeat emperor surrounded himself with such artists as Bartholomeus Spranger and Giuseppe Arcimboldo, and with scientists, among them astronomers Tycho Brahe and Johannes Kepler (2). This period saw a rise in the study of mathematics, optics, physics, biology, and the development and propagation of hybrid flowers as scientific and economic pursuits. Savery’s peers in a thriving art community increasingly specialized, producing landscapes unlike any up to this time. He dabbled with and influenced several genres. His spectacular views of precipitous rocks and waterfalls influenced Dutch landscape painting. His much sought-after