LLukas22/scidocs huggingface dataset:
Coronary endothelial function in hyperhomocysteinemia: improvement after treatment with folic acid and cobalamin in patients with coronary artery disease.

OBJECTIVES
We evaluated the effect of therapy with folic acid and cobalamin on coronary endothelial function, expressed as a change in volumetric coronary blood flow (CBF), in hyperhomocysteinemic patients with coronary artery disease (CAD).


BACKGROUND
Hyperhomocysteinemia is an independent risk factor for CAD. The mechanism responsible for this increased risk is unclear, but it is generally assumed that hyperhomocysteinemia causes endothelial dysfunction. It is unknown whether lowering plasma homocysteine levels with folic acid and cobalamin improves coronary endothelial function in patients with hyperhomocysteinemia and symptomatic CAD.


METHODS
Fifteen patients scheduled for elective percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty (PTCA) with plasma homocysteine levels of >or=16 micromol/l were randomized for six months of treatment with folic acid 5 mg and cobalamin 400 microg daily or placebo. Coronary endothelial function was evaluated in a non-PTCA vessel using acetylcholine infusion in dosages of 10(-8) M, 10(-7) M, and 10(-6) M. Endothelium- dependent CBF is determined using intracoronary Doppler velocity and quantitative coronary angiography at baseline and after six months.


RESULTS
In the folic acid/cobalamin treated group, CBF increased after acetylcholine infusion with 96% (standard deviation 54; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 44% to 154%) compared with a decrease of 16% (standard deviation 35; 95% CI: -20% to +30%) of the CBF in the placebo-treated group (p < 0.005).


CONCLUSIONS
This is the first prospective randomized placebo-controlled intervention study evaluating coronary endothelial function in hyperhomocysteinemic patients with CAD. Our results suggest that coronary endothelial function improves after treatment with folic acid and cobalamin.
Parasite Manipulation of Host Behavior: An Update and Frequently Asked Questions

This chapter was originally published in the book Advances in the Study of Behavior, Vol. 41, published by Elsevier, and the attached copy is provided by Elsevier for the author's benefit and for the benefit of the author's institution, for non-commercial research and educational use including without limitation use in instruction at your institution, sending it to specific colleagues who know you, and providing a copy to your institution’s administrator.
Nanocrystallization, good soft magnetic properties and ultrahigh mechanical strength for Fe82-85B13-16Si1Cu1 amorphous alloys

Abstract New Fe 82-85 B 13-16 Si 1 Cu 1 amorphous alloys with low B content and high B/Si content ratios were synthesized by melt spinning for developing good soft magnetic and high strength materials. The crystallization occurs through two stages and the first-stage onset temperature increases from 673 K to 705 K with increasing B content, while the second-stage temperature remains nearly constant. The first and second stages are due to the precipitation of the α-Fe(Si) phase with a size of about 30 nm and the decomposition of the remaining amorphous phase to α-Fe(Si)+Fe 3 B+Fe 2 B, respectively. The Fe-based alloys exhibited good soft magnetic properties both in annealed amorphous and nanocrystallized amorphous+α-Fe(Si) phases. The saturated magnetic flux density, coercivity and permeability at 1 kHz are 1.7 T, 4.92 A/m and 7100, respectively, for the annealed amorphous 14B alloy and 1.74 T, 5.62 A/m and 10100, respectively, for the nanocrystallized 13B alloy. The Vickers hardness ( H v ) is 803–867 for the as-spun state and it increases with decreasing B content. The H v increases significantly by crystallization to α-Fe+amorphous phases and reaches 997–1550 for the alloys annealed at 693–763 K just before T x2 . The ultrahigh H v is presumably due to the combination of fine nanoscale mixed phases, high volume fraction of α-Fe(Si) without internal defects and the enrichment of B into the remaining amorphous phase. Such ultrahigh H v has not been obtained for Fe-based amorphous and crystallized alloys before and the addition of 1%Cu is essential for the ultrahigh H v and the amorphous phase formation for the Fe-rich 85%Fe alloy. The new Fe-based alloys are encouraging as future soft magnetic and ultrahigh strength materials with low material cost.
Joint CTC/attention decoding for end-to-end speech recognition

End-to-end automatic speech recognition (ASR) has become a popular alternative to conventional DNN/HMM systems because it avoids the need for linguistic resources such as pronunciation dictionary, tokenization, and contextdependency trees, leading to a greatly simplified model-building process. There are two major types of end-to-end architectures for ASR: attention-based methods use an attention mechanism to perform alignment between acoustic frames and recognized symbols, and connectionist temporal classification (CTC), uses Markov assumptions to efficiently solve sequential problems by dynamic programming. This paper proposes a joint decoding algorithm for end-to-end ASR with a hybrid CTC/attention architecture, which effectively utilizes both advantages in decoding. We have applied the proposed method to two ASR benchmarks (spontaneous Japanese and Mandarin Chinese), and showing the comparable performance to conventional state-of-the-art DNN/HMM ASR systems without linguistic resources. Association for Computational Linguistics (ACL) This work may not be copied or reproduced in whole or in part for any commercial purpose. Permission to copy in whole or in part without payment of fee is granted for nonprofit educational and research purposes provided that all such whole or partial copies include the following: a notice that such copying is by permission of Mitsubishi Electric Research Laboratories, Inc.; an acknowledgment of the authors and individual contributions to the work; and all applicable portions of the copyright notice. Copying, reproduction, or republishing for any other purpose shall require a license with payment of fee to Mitsubishi Electric Research Laboratories, Inc. All rights reserved. Copyright c © Mitsubishi Electric Research Laboratories, Inc., 2017 201 Broadway, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139 Joint CTC/attention decoding for end-to-end speech recognition Takaaki Hori, Shinji Watanabe, John R. Hershey Mitsubishi Electric Research Laboratories (MERL) {thori,watanabe,hershey}@merl.com
Research issues for data communication in mobile ad-hoc network database systems

Mobile Ad-hoc Networks (MANET) is an emerging area of research. Most current work is centered on routing issues. This paper discusses the issues associated with data communication with MANET database systems. While data push and data pull methods have been previously addressed in mobile networks, the proposed methods do not handle the unique requirements associated with MANET. Unlike traditional mobile networks, all nodes within the MANET are mobile and battery powered. Existing wireless algorithms and protocols are insufficient primarily because they do not consider the mobility and power requirements of both clients and servers. This paper will present some of the critical tasks facing this research.
Effects of an Exercise Program in Colon Cancer Patients undergoing Chemotherapy.

PURPOSE
Fatigue is a common problem among colon cancer patients and typically increases during chemotherapy. Exercise during chemotherapy might have beneficial effects on fatigue. To investigate the short- and long-term effects of an exercise program in colon cancer patients during adjuvant treatment, the Physical Activity During Cancer Treatment study was conducted.


METHODS
In this multicenter randomized controlled trial, 33 colon cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy (21 men and 12 women) were randomly assigned to either a group receiving an 18-wk supervised exercise program (n = 17) or to usual care (n = 16). The primary outcome was fatigue as measured by the Multidimensional Fatigue Inventory and the Fatigue Quality List. Secondary outcomes were quality of life, physical fitness, anxiety, depression, body weight, and chemotherapy completion rate. Outcome assessment took place at baseline, postintervention (18 wk) and at 36 wk.


RESULTS
Intention-to-treat mixed linear model analyses showed that patients in the intervention group experienced significantly less physical fatigue at 18 wk and general fatigue at 36 wk (mean between group differences, -3.2; 95% confidence interval [CI], -6.2 to -0.2; effect size [ES], -0.9 and -2.7; 95% CI, -5.2 to -0.1; ES, -0.8, respectively), and reported higher physical functioning (12.3; 95% CI, 3.3-21.4; ES, 1.0) compared with patients in the usual care group.


CONCLUSION
The Physical Activity During Cancer Treatment trial shows that an 18-wk supervised exercise program in colon cancer patients during chemotherapy is safe and feasible. The intervention significantly reduced physical fatigue at 18 wk and general fatigue at 36 wk. Considering the number of patients included in the present study, replication in a larger study population is required.
Effect of Food on the Pharmacokinetics of the Investigational Aurora A Kinase Inhibitor Alisertib (MLN8237) in Patients with Advanced Solid Tumors

OBJECTIVE
This study was conducted to characterize the effects of food on single-dose pharmacokinetics (PK) of the investigational Aurora A kinase inhibitor alisertib (MLN8237) in patients with advanced solid tumors.


METHODS
Following overnight fasting for 10 h, a single 50 mg enteric-coated tablet (ECT) of alisertib was administered under either fasted (alisertib with 240 mL of water) or fed (high-fat meal consumed 30 min before receiving alisertib with 240 mL of water) conditions using a two-cycle, two-way crossover design. Patients on both arms were not allowed food for 4 h post-dose. Water was allowed as desired, except for 1 h before and after alisertib administration.


RESULTS
Twenty-four patients were enrolled and 14 patients were PK-evaluable (ten patients were not PK-evaluable due to insufficient data). Following a single oral dose of alisertib, median t max was 6 h and 3 h under fed and fasted conditions, respectively. The geometric mean ratio of AUCinf (fed- vs. fasted-state dosing) was 0.94 [90% confidence interval (CI) 0.68-1.32]. The geometric mean C max under fed conditions was 84% of that under fasted conditions (90% CI 66-106). Alisertib was generally well-tolerated; most common drug-related grade 3/4 adverse events included neutropenia (50%), leukopenia (38%), and thrombocytopenia (21%).


CONCLUSIONS
Systemic exposures achieved following a single 50 mg dose of alisertib administered as an ECT formulation after a high-fat meal are similar to those observed in the fasted state. Alisertib 50 mg ECT can be administered without regard for food. CLINICALTRIALS.


GOV IDENTIFIER
NCT00962091.
Reduced telomere length in rheumatoid arthritis is independent of disease activity and duration.

BACKGROUND
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is associated with reduced lifespan and shortened telomere length in lymphocytes, but the mechanism underlying this is unclear. Telomere loss in white blood cells (WBC) is accelerated by oxidative stress and inflammation in vitro. It was postulated that the accelerated WBC telomere shortening in RA occurs as a result of exposure to chronic inflammation.


OBJECTIVES
To measure telomere terminal restriction fragment (TRF) length in a large cohort of RA cases and healthy controls, to explore associations of TRF length with features of disease and with RA-associated HLA-DRB1 alleles.


METHODS
WBC and TRF length were measured by Southern blot in DNA from 176 hospital-based RA cases satisfying the 1987 American College of Rheumatology criteria and from 1151 controls. TRF length was compared between cases and controls, and the effects of disease duration, severity and HLA-DRB1 alleles encoding the shared epitope (SE) were assessed.


RESULTS
Age- and sex-adjusted TRF length was significantly shorter in RA cases compared with controls (p<0.001). There was no association between age- and sex-adjusted TRF length and disease duration, C reactive protein or Larsen score. The presence of one or more SE-encoding alleles was associated with reduced adjusted TRF length in RA cases (SE positive vs SE negative cases, p=0.038), but not in controls.


CONCLUSION
The reduced TRF length in a large group of patients with RA compared with controls has been shown. The reduction is apparently independent of disease duration and markers of disease severity, but is influenced by HLA-DRB1 genotype.
Is the deconvolution layer the same as a convolutional layer?

1 In our CVPR 2016 paper [1], we proposed a novel network architecture to perform single image super­resolution (SR). Most existing convolutional neural network (CNN) based super­resolution methods [10,11] first upsample the image using a bicubic interpolation, then apply a convolutional network. We will refer to these types of networks as high­resolution (HR) networks because the images are upsampled first. Instead, we feed the low­resolution (LR) input directly to a sub­pixel CNN as shown in Fig.1 : Figure 1: An illustration of the ESCPN framework where r denotes the upscaling ratio. Let denote the upscaling ratio ­ e.g if the input LR image is then the output HR image will be r 1 × 1. We then output number of channels instead of one high­resolution (HR) image and use periodic r × r r 2 shuffling to recreate the HR image. The exact details about how our efficient sub­pixel convolutional layer works can be found in the paper. We will refer to our network as a LR network. In this note, we want to focus on two aspects related to two questions most people asked us at CVPR when they saw this network. Firstly, how can channels magically become a HR image? And secondly, r 2 why are convolution in LR space a better choice? These are actually the key questions we tried to answer in the paper, but we were not able to go into as much depth and clarity as we would've liked given the page limit. To better answer these questions, we first discuss the relationships between the deconvolution layer in the form of the transposed convolution layer, the sub­pixel convolutional layer and our efficient sub­pixel convolutional layer, which we'll go through in Sec. 1 and Sec. 2. We will refer to our efficient sub­pixel convolutional layer as a convolutional layer in LR space to distinguish it from the common sub­pixel convolutional layer [5]. We will then show that for a fixed computational budget and complexity, a network with convolutions exclusively in LR space has more representation power at the same speed than a network that first upsamples the input in HR space.
Partial discharge characteristics over SF6/epoxy interfaces under impulse voltage

Gas insulated switchgears (GIS) have been widely used due to their high reliability, low maintenance and compact size. The field experiment is an important step to ensure the safety of GIS. The AC withstand voltage test and its corresponding partial discharge (PD) measurement are inadequate for the detection of all the hidden flaws in GIS. Such inadequacy can be compensated by additional impulse withstand voltage test and its PD detection measurement. This paper reports on experiments to study surface discharge over SF6/epoxy under impulse voltage. The TJ (triple-junction) model was used to study the characteristic of partial discharge (PD). The PD signals under four types of impulse voltages were detected by electrical methods. The 50% probability PD inception voltage (PDIV50), time lags and maximum discharge magnitude were analyzed as a function of gas pressure. The PD characteristics under AC voltage were investigated for comparison. The results indicate that the PD signals under impulse voltage can be detected using electrical method, the number of discharges under oscillating impulse voltage was significantly larger, which was due to the influence of source oscillation. The oscillating lightning impulse has the lowest impulse ratio and it is recommended as the best test waveform choice for the field impulse withstand test with PD detection.
Efficient Deformable Shape Correspondence via Kernel Matching

We present a method to match three dimensional shapes under non-isometric deformations, topology changes and partiality. We formulate the problem as matching between a set of pair-wise and point-wise descriptors, imposing a continuity prior on the mapping, and propose a projected descent optimization procedure inspired by difference of convex functions (DC) programming.
Redesign, synthesis and functional expression of the 6-deoxyerythronolide B polyketide synthase gene cluster

A generic design of Type I polyketide synthase genes has been reported in which modules, and domains within modules, are flanked by sets of unique restriction sites that are repeated in every module [1]. Using the universal design, we synthesized the six-module DEBS gene cluster optimized for codon usage in E. coli, and cloned the three open reading frames into three compatible expression vectors. With one correctable exception, the amino acid substitutions required for restriction site placements were compatible with polyketide production. When expressed in E. coli the codon-optimized synthetic gene cluster produced significantly more protein than did the wild-type sequence. Indeed, for optimal polyketide production, PKS expression had to be down-regulated by promoter attenuation to achieve balance with expression of the accessory proteins needed to support polyketide biosynthesis.
Integration of virtualization technology into network security laboratory

Distance education has witnessed a tremendous growth in the past decade. Advances in Internet technologies have made it possible to deliver not only lectures, but also hands-on labs remotely. Virtualization technology enables multiple virtual machines and their applications to run simultaneously on a single physical computer. This eliminates the need to have multiple physical machines host diverse operating systems typically deployed in remote network security labs. In preparation for a course on intrusion detection systems (IDS), the instructor creates pre-configured virtual machines and network trace files for studentspsila use. These virtual machines are then installed by the students on their personal computers at home and used to conduct lab exercises. The virtual lab approach is different from the centralized remote laboratory because students run the lab on their own computers and do not depend on the remote servers. Additionally, the virtual environments allow rapid changes to be made to the lab exercises or environments thus allowing instruction with up-to-date technologies. Furthermore, the burden of maintaining centralized physical labs has been lifted from the institutionpsilas shoulders. Our approach to decentralized virtual lab-based distance education has been well received by our students.
Shunt Surgery Versus Endoscopic Sclerotherapy for Long-Term Treatment of Variceal Bleeding—Early Results of a Randomized Trial

As an additional service to our readers we have developed a section with the aim to review and comment on important work in the area of HPB and provide it with commentaries by leading scientists in the field. It is our hope that this will increase the value of our journal. We are happy to inform our readers that Professor John Terblanche has kindly accepted to be Editor of this section. John Terblanche will, through his extensive reading, identify important contributions and invite experts around the world to comment on them. We hope that readers who identify significant contributions in journals will send copies of the work to Professor Terblanche with the suggestion that the work might be reviewed and discussed. It is our hope that this cooperation will be successful. The Editor strongly desires to have a lively journal with active participation by its readers. ABSTRACT In September 1982, a prospective randomized trial comparing shunt surgery and endoscopic sclerotherapy for the elective management of variceal hemorrhage in patients with cirrhosis was initiated. Twenty-seven patients have received shunts (distal splenorenal 23, nonselective 4) and 30 patients have had chronic sclerotherapy. Eighty-six per cent of patients had alcoholic cirrhosis and 33% were Child's class C. After a mean follow-up of 25 months, 19% of shunt and 57% of sclerotherapy patients have had rebleeding (p 0.003). Kaplan-Meier survival 85
Photonic serial-parallel conversion of high-speed OTDM data

We demonstrate full demultiplexing of a single 100-Gb/s optical time-division multiplexed data stream into eight parallel 12.5-Gb/s streams. This is performed using a photonic serial-to-parallel converter based on lithium niobate intensity modulators, and requires no nonlinear optical elements. Error-free operation is obtained for each of the eight output channels.
Early recurrences after paroxysmal atrial fibrillation ablation: when is the proper timing for reablation?

BACKGROUND
Early recurrences (ERs) within 1 month after paroxysmal atrial fibrillation (AF) ablation are common and may subside in a considerable proportion of patients. Although late reablation after 3 months is recommended, the proper timing for reablation remains undetermined.


METHODS AND RESULTS
One hundred and seventeen (31.2%) from the pool of 375 patients experienced ERs at 7.5 ± 5.5 days postablation. They were allocated into two groups randomly: early reablation group (ERe+) (n = 57) and nonearly reablation group (ERe-) (n = 60). Forty patients (70.2%) in ERe+ group underwent early reablation at 28.1 ± 2.7 days postablation. Forty patients (66.7%) in ERe- group underwent late reablation at 98.2 ± 5.2 days postablation. The proportion of reablation was comparable (P = 0.68). ERs subsided in 17 (29.8%) in ERe+ group and in 20 (33.3%) in ERe- group. In ERe+ group, PV reconnection in 36 (80.0%), non-PV foci in six (10.5%), and right or left atrial flutter in five (8.8%) was abolished by ablation. In ERe- group, pulmonary vein (PV) reconnection in 29 (72.5%), non-PV foci in eight (13.3%), and right or left atrial flutter in eight (13.3%) was ablated successfully. The proportion of PV reconnection, nonfoci, and atrial flutter was comparable, P = 0.45, 0.64, and 0.56, respectively. At the end of 16.5 ± 2.0 (ERe+ group) and 15.2 ± 2.6 (ERe- group) months' follow-up, 47 (82.5%) in ERe+ group and 51 (85%) in ERe- group were free of atrial tachyarrhythmias, P = 0.70.


CONCLUSIONS
Compared with reablation 2 months later after initial ablation, early reablation at ≈1 month had similar clinical effectiveness. The proper timing for reablation can be set at ≈1 month after initial paroxysmal AF ablation.
International Aquatic Ecological Region Management and its Application Prospects in Taihu

The applications of international aquatic ecological region in the establishment on water quality criteria,assessment on rivers and lakes,and response on land cover change were summarized in this paper.According to the analysis on the characteristics of the aquatic ecosystem in Tai Lake and the demand for the water environment management,some ideas for the aquatic ecological region management in Tai Lake were put forward.