LLukas22/scidocs huggingface dataset:
Endoscopic clipping in video-assisted thoracoscopic sympathetic blockade for axillary hyperhidrosis

Endoscopic thoracic sympathectomy or sympathicotomy is the standard method for the treatment of axillary hyperhidrosis. But postoperative compensatory sweating may be troublesome in some patients. Therefore, we use endoclips to perform the T3 and T4 sympathetic blockade instead of permanently interrupting the transmission of nerve impulses from the sympathetic trunk. Between May 1997 and June 1998, a total of 26 patients with axillary hyperhidrosis underwent videoassisted thoracoscopic sympathetic blocking of the T3 and T4 ganglia at our hospital. There were 10 men and 16 women with a mean age of 31.7 years (range, 16–47). All patients were placed in a semi-sitting position under singlelumen intubated anesthesia. We performed the sympathetic blockade by clipping the T3 and T4 ganglia at the level of the third, fourth, and fifth rib beds using an 8-mm 0° thoracoscope. Bilateral T3 and T4 sympathetic blockade was achieved in all 26 patients. The operation was usually completed within 30 min (range, 20–42). Most patients were discharged within 4 h after the operation. Surgical complications were minimal, with only one case of segmental atelectasis (3.8%). There were no deaths. The mean postoperative follow-up period was 31.3 months (range, 24–37). Twenty-three patients (88.5%) developed compensatory sweating of the trunk and lower limbs. Twenty-four patients (92.3%) were satisfied with the results of the operation. Improvement of axillary hyperhidrosis was obtained in all patients. One patient underwent a reverse operation to remove the endoclips due to intolerable compensatory sweating; improvement was seen 25 days after removal of the clips. Video-assisted thoracoscopic T3 and T4 sympathetic blockade by clipping is a safe and effective method for the treatment of patients with axillary hyperhidrosis. Patients who experience excessive compensatory sweating may require a reverse operation for endoclip removal.
Existence de l-formes fermées non singulières dans une classe de cohomologie de de Rham

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The prevalence of cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma in patients with human immunodeficiency virus infection.

UNLABELLED
Cirrhosis is a leading cause of death among patients infected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). We sought to determine risk factors for and time trends in the prevalence of cirrhosis, decompensated cirrhosis, and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) among patients diagnosed with HIV who received care in the Veterans Affairs (VA) health care system nationally between 1996 and 2009 (n = 24,040 in 2009). Among patients coinfected with HIV and hepatitis C virus (HCV), there was a dramatic increase in the prevalence of cirrhosis (3.5%-13.2%), decompensated cirrhosis (1.9%-5.8%), and HCC (0.07%-1.6%). Little increase was observed among patients without HCV coinfection in the prevalence of cirrhosis (1.7%-2.2%), decompensated cirrhosis (1.1%-1.2%), and HCC (0.03%-0.13%). In 2009, HCV infection was present in the majority of patients with HIV who had cirrhosis (66%), decompensated cirrhosis (62%), and HCC (80%). Independent risk factors for cirrhosis included HCV infection (adjusted odds ratio [AOR], 5.82; 95% confidence interval [CI], 5.0-6.7), hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection (AOR, 2.40; 95% CI, 2.0-2.9), age (AOR, 1.03; 95% CI, 1.02-1.04), Hispanic ethnicity (AOR, 1.76; 95% CI, 1.4-2.2), diabetes (AOR, 1.79; 95% CI, 1.6-2.1), and alcohol abuse (AOR, 1.78; 95% CI, 1.5-2.1), whereas black race (AOR, 0.56; 95% CI, 0.48-0.64) and successful eradication of HCV (AOR, 0.61; 95% CI, 0.4-0.9) were protective. Independent risk factors for HCC included HCV infection (AOR, 10.0; 95% CI, 6.1-16.4), HBV infection (AOR, 2.82; 95% CI, 1.7-4.7), age (AOR, 1.05; 95% CI, 1.03-1.08), and low CD4+ cell count (AOR, 2.36; 95% CI, 1.3-4.2). Among 5999 HIV/HCV-coinfected patients, 994 (18%) had ever received HCV antiviral treatment, of whom 165 (17%) achieved sustained virologic response.


CONCLUSION
The prevalence of cirrhosis and HCC has increased dramatically among HIV-infected patients driven primarily by the HCV epidemic. Potentially modifiable risk factors include HCV infection, HBV infection, diabetes, alcohol abuse, and low CD4+ cell count.
Extended primary culture of human hepatocytes in a collagen gel sandwich system

To develop a strategy for extended primary culture of human hepatocytes, we placed human hepatocytes between two layers of collagen gel, called a “collagen gel sandwich.” Maintenance of hepatocellular functions in this system was compared with that of identical hepatocyte preparations cultured on dry-collagen coated dishes or co-cultured with rat liver epithelial cells. Human hepatocytes in a collagen gel sandwich (five separate cultures) survived for more than 4 wk, with the longest period of culture being 78 d. They maintained polygonal morphology with bile canaliculuslike structures and high levels of albumin secretion throughout the period of culture. In contrast, hepatocytes on dry-collagen became feature-less, and albumin secretion could not be detected after 14 d of culture. This loss of albumin secretion was partially recovered by overlaying one layer of collagen gel. Ethoxyresorufin O-deethylase activity, associated with cytochrome P450 1A2, was detected basally up to 29 d in collagen gel sandwich culture. These activities were induced four- to eightfold after induction with dibenz(a,h)anthracene. Cocultures also maintained basal activity up to 29 d. However, their inducibility was lower than that of hepatocytes in collagen gel sandwich. No ethoxyresorufin O-deethylase activity was detected in hepatocytes cultured on dry-collagen at 7 d. Thus, the collagen gel sandwich system preserves differentiated morphology and functions of human hepatocytes in primary culture for a prolonged period of time. This system is a promising model for studying human hepatocellular function, including protein synthesis and drug metabolism in vitro.
Domain-Specific Heuristics in Answer Set Programming

We introduce a general declarative framework for incorporating domain-specific heuristics into ASP solving. We accomplish this by extending the first-order modeling language of ASP by a distinguished heuristic predicate. The resulting heuristic information is processed as an equitable part of the logic program and subsequently exploited by the solver when it comes to non-deterministically assigning a truth value to an atom. We implemented our approach as a dedicated heuristic in the ASP solver clasp and show its great prospect by an empirical evaluation.
Fitting Superellipses

In the literature, methods for fitting superellipses to data tend to be computationally expensive due to the non-linear nature of the problem. This paper describes and tests several fitting techniques which provide different trade-offs between efficiency and accuracy. In addition, we describe various alternative error of fits (EOF) that can be applied by most superellipse fitting methods. keywords: curve, superellipse, fitting, error measure
Nucleons and nuclei in the context of low-energy QCD

This presentation reports on recent developments concerning basic aspects of low-energy QCD as they relate to the understanding of the nucleon mass and the nuclear many-body problem.
Molten salt synthesis and characterization of Li4Ti5−xMnxO12 (x = 0.0, 0.05 and 0.1) as anodes for Li-ion batteries

Abstract Sub-micrometer sized Li 4 Ti 5− x Mn x O 12 ( x  = 0.0, 0.05 and 0.1) particles were synthesized by a single step molten salt method using LiCl–KCl as a flux. The synthesized material was structurally characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectra. The XRD analysis revealed the particles to be highly crystalline and have a face-centered cubic spinel structure. The presence of possible functional group was confirmed through FTIR analysis. The FE-SEM images showed the particles to be polyhedral in shape with uniform size distribution. It was also revealed that there was a particle size reduction with the effect of Mn 4+ dopant ions. The electrochemical studies performed using cyclic voltammogram (CV), charge–discharge, and electrochemical impedance analysis (EIS) indicate that Li 4 Ti 4.9 Mn 0.1 O 4 possesses a better discharge capacity (305 mAh/g), cycling stability, and charge carrier conductivity than both Li 4 Ti 4.95 Mn 0.05 O 12 (265 mAh/g) and Li 4 Ti 5 O 12 (240 mAh/g). The cycling stability reveals that the acceptable capacity fading was observed even after 20th cycle. The results of electrochemical studies infer that Li 4 Ti 4.9 Mn 0.1 O 4 could be utilized as a suitable anode material for Li-ion batteries.
Building health informatics skills for health professionals: results from the Australian Health Informatics Skill Needs Survey.

OBJECTIVE
To ascertain health professionals' perceptions of health informatics skills required in their roles.


DESIGN
A paper-based survey with a stratified random sample of Australian health professionals and a web-based survey open to all Australian health professionals were conducted.


MEASUREMENT
A questionnaire on the health professionals' perceived degree of competency required for a total of 69 specific skills in five skill categories based on the International Medical Informatics Association's (IMIA) set of recommendations on education and IMIA's scientific map.


RESULTS
462 health professionals responded to the paper-based questionnaire, and 167 respondents to the Internet questionnaire. Internet respondents reported higher required degrees of competency for specific health informatics and information technology skills than paper respondents, while paper respondents valued clinical skills higher than the Internet respondents.


CONCLUSION
Health professionals increasingly use information technology (IT), and some also deploy, research or develop health care IT. Consequently, they need to be adequately educated for their specific roles in health informatics. Our results inform developers of educational programs while acknowledging the diversity of roles in health informatics and the diversity of pathways towards a professional health informatics qualification.
Emotional Prosody Measurement (EPM): a voice-based evaluation method for psychological therapy effectiveness.

The voice embodies three sources of information: speech, the identity, and the emotional state of the speaker (i.e., emotional prosody). The latter feature is resembled by the variability of the F0 (also named fundamental frequency of pitch) (SD F0). To extract this feature, Emotional Prosody Measurement (EPM) was developed, which consists of 1) speech recording, 2) removal of speckle noise, 3) a Fourier Transform to extract the F0-signal, and 4) the determination of SD F0. After a pilot study in which six participants mimicked emotions by their voice, the core experiment was conducted to see whether EPM is successful. Twenty-five patients suffering from a panic disorder with agoraphobia participated. Two methods (story-telling and reliving) were used to trigger anxiety and were compared with comparable but more relaxed conditions. This resulted in a unique database of speech samples that was used to compare the EPM with the Subjective Unit of Distress to validate it as measure for anxiety/stress. The experimental manipulation of anxiety proved to be successful and EPM proved to be a successful evaluation method for psychological therapy effectiveness.
Aripiprazole once-monthly for treatment of schizophrenia: double-blind, randomised, non-inferiority study.

BACKGROUND
Long-acting injectable formulations of antipsychotics are treatment alternatives to oral agents.


AIMS
To assess the efficacy of aripiprazole once-monthly compared with oral aripiprazole for maintenance treatment of schizophrenia.


METHOD
A 38-week, double-blind, active-controlled, non-inferiority study; randomisation (2:2:1) to aripiprazole once-monthly 400 mg, oral aripiprazole (10-30 mg/day) or aripiprazole once-monthly 50 mg (a dose below the therapeutic threshold for assay sensitivity). (


TRIAL REGISTRATION
clinicaltrials.gov, NCT00706654.)


RESULTS
A total of 1118 patients were screened, and 662 responders to oral aripiprazole were randomised. Kaplan-Meier estimated impending relapse rates at week 26 were 7.12% for aripiprazole once-monthly 400 mg and 7.76% for oral aripiprazole. This difference (-0.64%, 95% CI -5.26 to 3.99) excluded the predefined non-inferiority margin of 11.5%. Treatments were superior to aripiprazole once-monthly 50 mg (21.80%, P < or = 0.001).


CONCLUSIONS
Aripiprazole once-monthly 400 mg was non-inferior to oral aripiprazole, and the reduction in Kaplan-Meier estimated impending relapse rate at week 26 was statistically significant v. aripiprazole once-monthly 50 mg.
Training End-to-End Dialogue Systems with the Ubuntu Dialogue Corpus

In this paper, we analyze neural network-based dialogue systems trained in an end-to-end manner using an updated version of the recent Ubuntu Dialogue Corpus, a dataset containing almost 1 million multi-turn dialogues, with a total of over 7 million utterances and 100 million words1. This dataset is interesting because of its size, long context lengths, and technical nature; thus, it can be used to train large models directly from data with minimal feature engineering. We provide baselines in two different environments: one where models are trained to select the correct next response from a list of candidate responses, and one where models are trained to maximize the loglikelihood of a generated utterance conditioned on the context of the conversation. These are both evaluated on a recall task that we call next utterance classification (NUC), and using vector-based metrics that capture the topicality of the responses. We observe that current end-to-end models are 1. This work is an extension of a paper appearing in SIGDIAL (Lowe et al., 2015). This paper further includes results on generative dialogue models, more extensive evaluation of the retrieval models using vector-based generative metrics, and a qualitative examination of responses from the generative models and classification errors made by the Dual Encoder model. Experiments are performed on a new version of the corpus, the Ubuntu Dialogue Corpus v2, which is publicly available: https://github.com/rkadlec/ubuntu-ranking-dataset-creator. The early dataset has been updated to add features and fix bugs, which are detailed in Section 3. c ©2017 Ryan Lowe, Nissan Pow, Iulian Vlad Serban, Laurent Charlinn, Chia-Wei Liu and Joelle Pineau This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of a Creative Commons Attribution License (http ://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/). LOWE, POW, SERBAN, CHARLINN, LIU AND PINEAU unable to completely solve these tasks; thus, we provide a qualitative error analysis to determine the primary causes of error for end-to-end models evaluated on NUC, and examine sample utterances from the generative models. As a result of this analysis, we suggest some promising directions for future research on the Ubuntu Dialogue Corpus, which can also be applied to end-to-end dialogue systems in general.
Detection of Lung Cancer Using Backpropagation Neural Networks and Genetic Algorithm

Lung Carcinoma is a disease of uncontrolled growth of cancerous cells in the tissues of the lungs. The early detection of lung cancer is the key of its cure. Early diagnosis of the disease saves enormous lives, failing in which may lead to other severe problems causing sudden fatal death. In general, a measure for early stage diagnosis mainly includes X-rays, CT-images, MRI’s, etc. In this system first we would use some techniques that are essential for the task of medical image mining such as Data Preprocessing, Training and testing of samples, Classification using Backpropagation Neural Network which would classify the digital X-ray, CT-images, MRI’s, etc. as normal or abnormal. The normal state is the one that characterizes a healthy patient. The abnormal image will be further considered for the feature analysis. Further for optimized analysis of features Genetic Algorithm will be used that would extract as well as select features on the basis of the fitness of the features extracted. The selected features would be further classified as cancerous or noncancerous for the images classified as abnormal before. Hence this system will help to draw an appropriate decision about a particular patient’s state. Keywords—BackpopagationNeuralNetworks,Classification, Genetic Algorithm, Lung Cancer, Medical Image Mining.
Randomized trial to determine the effect of nebivolol on mortality and cardiovascular hospital admission in elderly patients with heart failure (SENIORS).

AIMS
Large randomized trials have shown that beta-blockers reduce mortality and hospital admissions in patients with heart failure. The effects of beta-blockers in elderly patients with a broad range of left ventricular ejection fraction are uncertain. The SENIORS study was performed to assess effects of the beta-blocker, nebivolol, in patients >/=70 years, regardless of ejection fraction.


METHODS AND RESULTS
We randomly assigned 2128 patients aged >/=70 years with a history of heart failure (hospital admission for heart failure within the previous year or known ejection fraction </=35%), 1067 to nebivolol (titrated from 1.25 mg once daily to 10 mg once daily), and 1061 to placebo. The primary outcome was a composite of all cause mortality or cardiovascular hospital admission (time to first event). Analysis was by intention to treat. Mean duration of follow-up was 21 months. Mean age was 76 years (SD 4.7), 37% were female, mean ejection fraction was 36% (with 35% having ejection fraction >35%), and 68% had a prior history of coronary heart disease. The mean maintenance dose of nebivolol was 7.7 mg and of placebo 8.5 mg. The primary outcome occurred in 332 patients (31.1%) on nebivolol compared with 375 (35.3%) on placebo [hazard ratio (HR) 0.86, 95% CI 0.74-0.99; P=0.039]. There was no significant influence of age, gender, or ejection fraction on the effect of nebivolol on the primary outcome. Death (all causes) occurred in 169 (15.8%) on nebivolol and 192 (18.1%) on placebo (HR 0.88, 95% CI 0.71-1.08; P=0.21).


CONCLUSION
Nebivolol, a beta-blocker with vasodilating properties, is an effective and well-tolerated treatment for heart failure in the elderly.
SOC test architecture design for efficient utilization of test bandwidth

This article deals with the design of on-chip architectures for testing large system chips (SOCs) for manufacturing defects in a modular fashion. These architectures consist of wrappers and test access mechanisms (TAMs). For an SOC with specified parameters of modules and their tests, we design an architecture that minimizes the required tester vector memory depth and test application time. In this article, we formulate the test architecture design problems for both modules with fixed- and flexible-length scan chains, assuming the relevant module parameters and a maximal SOC TAM width are given. Subsequently, we derive a formulation for an architecture-independent lower bound for the SOC test time. We analyze three types of TAM under-utilization that make the theoretical lower bound unachievable in most practical architecture instances. We present a novel architecture-independent heuristic algorithm that effectively optimizes the test architecture for a given SOC. The algorithm efficiently determines the number of TAMs and their widths, the assignment of modules to TAMs, and the wrapper design per module. We show how this algorithm can be used for optimizing both test bus and TestRail architectures with either serial or parallel test schedules. Experimental results for the ITC'02 SOC Test Benchmarks show that, compared to manual best-effort engineering approaches, we can save up to 75% in test times, while compared to previously published algorithms, we obtain comparable or better test times at negligible compute time.
Calculation of the electronegativity of fluorine from thermochemical data

1. 
 
A method for calculating electronegativities from a combination of data on bond energies has been proposed. 
 
 
 
 
2. 
 
The electronegativity of fluorine is less than the generally assumed value, to wit, xF=3.5 instead of 4.0 on the Pauling scale.
Creative Interdisciplinary UAV Design

Interdisciplinary design is an important aspect of engineering work. Opportunities for collaboration between disciplines exist at the undergraduate level through engineering competitions and senior design courses. To be successful, the various groups must be aware of the needed synergy and must develop cross-disciplinary communication. This article describes the collaborative design process for an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) between an IEEE competition team and an aerospace engineering senior design team.
WSN for forest monitoring to prevent illegal logging

Illegal logging is in these days widespread problem. In this paper we propose the system based on principles of WSN for monitoring the forest. Acoustic signal processing and evaluation system described in this paper is dealing with the detection of chainsaw sound with autocorrelation method. This work is describing first steps in building the integrated system.
Full-Wave Calibration of Time- and Frequency-Domain Ground-Penetrating Radar in Far-Field Conditions

Full-wave modeling of ground-penetrating radar (GPR) data using Green's functions for wave propagation in planar layered media and antenna characteristic global reflection and transmission functions for describing far-field antenna effects, including antenna-medium interactions, has shown a great potential for nondestructive characterization of soils and materials. The accuracy of the retrieved parameters in the GPR data inversion depends on the accuracy of the GPR external calibration. In this research we studied the stability and the repeatability of two different GPR systems, namely, frequency- and time-domain systems. A combination of a vector network analyzer and 800-5200 MHz horn antenna was used as a frequency-domain GPR (FD-GPR) whereas a GSSI GPR system using a 900 MHz bowtie antenna was used as a time-domain GPR (TD-GPR). Both GPR systems including their antennas were calibrated several times using measurements with the antennas at different heights over a perfect electric conductor (PEC) in the laboratory as well as over a water layer. In addition, measurements were performed over a thin water layer and a relatively thick sandy soil layer as validating medium. The results showed that the FD-GPR is relatively stable while the TD-GPR presents a significant drift which can be accounted for using corrections based on the air direct-coupling waves (free-space measurements). Water- and PEC-based calibrations provided very similar results for the GPR calibration functions. Inversions for the water layer and the sandy soil layer provided reliable results and showed a high degree of the repeatability for both radar systems. The error on the calibration based on inaccurate antenna heights over PEC showed the significant errors on the inversion results for the directive antenna (horn antenna) but less error for the bowtie antenna. This analysis demonstrated the general validity of the proposed far-field radar modeling approach, not only with respect to frequency and time domain radars but as well with respect to the calibrating medium.