LLukas22/scidocs huggingface dataset:
The neural response to emotional prosody, as revealed by functional magnetic resonance imaging

Prosody is an important feature of language, comprising intonation, loudness, and tempo. Emotional prosodic processing forms an integral part of our social interactions. The main aim of this study was to use bold contrast fMRI to clarify the normal functional neuroanatomy of emotional prosody, in passive and active contexts. Subjects performed six separate scanning studies, within which two different conditions were contrasted: (1) "pure" emotional prosody versus rest; (2) congruent emotional prosody versus 'neutral' sentences; (3) congruent emotional prosody versus rest; (4) incongruent emotional prosody versus rest; (5) congruent versus incongruent emotional prosody; and (6) an active experiment in which subjects were instructed to either attend to the emotion conveyed by semantic content or that conveyed by tone of voice. Data resulting from these contrasts were analysed using SPM99. Passive listening to emotional prosody consistently activated the lateral temporal lobe (superior and/or middle temporal gyri). This temporal lobe response was relatively right-lateralised with or without semantic information. Both the separate and direct comparisons of congruent and incongruent emotional prosody revealed that subjects used fewer brain regions to process incongruent emotional prosody than congruent. The neural response to attention to semantics, was left lateralised, and recruited an extensive network not activated by attention to emotional prosody. Attention to emotional prosody modulated the response to speech, and induced right-lateralised activity, including the middle temporal gyrus. In confirming the results of lesion and neuropsychological studies, the current study emphasises the importance of the right hemisphere in the processing of emotional prosody, specifically the lateral temporal lobes.
Anticentromere antibody positive Sjögren's Syndrome: a retrospective descriptive analysis

INTRODUCTION
A subgroup of patients with primary Sjögren's Syndrome (SS) and positive anticentromere antibodies (ACA) were recognized as having features intermediate between SS and systemic sclerosis (SSc). Our goal was to describe this group clinically and serologically and define its tendency to evolve to full blown SSc.


METHODS
Among 535 patients with primary SS we identified 20 ACA positive (ACA+/SS). We compared them to 61 randomly selected ACA negative SS patients (ACA-/SS), 31 ACA positive SSc patients with sicca manifestations [SSc/(+) sicca] and 20 ACA positive SSc patients without sicca manifestations [SSc/(-) sicca].


RESULTS
Prevalence of ACA among SS patients was 3.7%. Cases and controls did not differ in sex ratio and age at disease onset. ACA+/SS patients had a lower prevalence of dry eyes, hypergammaglobulinaemia, anti-Ro and anti-La antibodies and a higher prevalence of Raynaud's phenomenon and dysphagia compared to ACA-/SS patients. They also had lower prevalence of telangiectasias, puffy fingers, sclerodactyly, Raynaud's phenomenon, digital ulcers and gastroesophageal reflux in comparison to both of the SSc subgroups and a lower prevalence of dyspnoea and lung fibrosis compared to the SSc/(+) sicca subgroup. Two patients originally having ACA+/SS evolved to full blown SSc. Four deaths occurred, all among SSc patients. Kaplan Meier analysis showed a significant difference between cases and controls in time from disease onset to development of gastroesophageal reflux, telangiectasias, digital ulcers, arthritis, puffy fingers, xerostomia, hypergammaglobulinaemia and dysphagia.


CONCLUSIONS
ACA+/SS has a clinical phenotype intermediate between ACA-/SS and SSc and shows little tendency to evolve to SSc.
WOLE SOYINKA'S KONGI'S HARVEST: A POLITICAL SATIRE

ABSTRACT Wole Soyinka (Akinwande Oluwole Soyinka 1934-) is the most prolific and the Africa’s best known dramatist and one of its most illustrious personalities. He is the first black African writer who won the Nobel Prize for Literature in 1986. He deserves special consideration for making the efforts to revive the Nigerian Theatre much on the same lines as Yeats and Synge did for the revival of the Irish theatre at the beginning of the 20 th century. His plays, ranging from comedy to tragedy and from political satire to the theatre of the absurd, unfold one after another, involving religion, traditionalism, myth, politics, education, economics, social taboos and so on.In the present paper a study is made on Wole Soyinka’s Kongi’s Harvest . It is a satire on the contemporary political scene prevailing at that time, attacking directly the politicians who have shaped the present direction of modern Africa. It cleverly portrays both the traditional rulers and the new political leaders.
Helpfulness of Online Consumer Reviews: Readers' Objectives and Review Cues

With the growth of e‐commerce, online consumer reviews have increasingly become important sources of information that help consumers in their purchase decisions. However, the influx of online consumer reviews has caused information overload, making it difficult for consumers to choose reliable reviews. For an online retail market to succeed, it is important to lead product reviewers to write more helpful reviews, and for consumers to get helpful reviews more easily by figuring out the factors determining the helpfulness of online reviews. For this research, 75,226 online consumer reviews were collected from Amazon.com using a Web data crawler. Additional information on review content was also gathered by carrying out a sentiment analysis for mining review text. Our results show that both peripheral cues, including review rating and reviewer’s credibility, and central cues, such as the content of reviews, influence the helpfulness of reviews. Based on dual process theories, we find that consumers focus on different information sources of reviews, depending on their purposes for reading reviews: online reviews can be used for information search or for evaluating alternatives. Our findings provide new perspectives to online market owners on how to manage online reviews on their Web sites.
Assessment of current nonlinear static procedures for seismic evaluation of buildings

An essential and critical component of evolving performance-based design methodologies is the accurate estimation of seismic demand parameters. Nonlinear static procedures (NSPs) are now widely used in engineering practice to predict seismic demands in building structures. While seismic demands using NSPs can be computed directly from a site-specific hazard spectrum, nonlinear time-history (NTH) analyses require an ensemble of ground motions and an associated probabilistic assessment to account for aleatoric variability in earthquake recordings. Despite this advantage, simplified versions of NSP based on invariant load patterns such as those recommended in ATC-40 and FEMA-356 have well-documented limitations in terms of their inability to account for higher mode effects and the modal variations resulting from inelastic behavior. Consequently, a number of enhanced pushover procedures that overcome many of these drawbacks have also been proposed. This paper investigates the effectiveness of several NSPs in predicting the salient response characteristics of typical steel and reinforced concrete (RC) buildings through comparison with benchmark responses obtained from a comprehensive set of NTH analyses. More importantly, to consider diverse ground motion characteristics, an array of time-series from ordinary far-fault records to near-fault motions having fling and forward directivity effects was employed. Results from the analytical study indicate that the Adaptive Modal Combination procedure predicted peak response measures such as inter-story drift and component plastic rotations more consistently than the other NSPs investigated in the study. c © 2006 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Effects of e-CRM on customer – bank relationship quality and outcomes : The case of Thailand

Available online 15 October 2011 This research examines and measures the outcomes of electronic customer relationship management (e-CRM) system implementation in the Thai banking industry from customers' perspectives. Because most e-CRM implementations cannot be directly seen or recognised by customers, a literature review and interviews with experts in the Thai banking industry were used to develop a new construct called ‘customer-based service attributes’ to measure e-CRM outcomes from customers' perspectives. A full-scale field survey of 684 customers of Thai commercial banks was then conducted. A service attribute model and a model that combined relationship quality and outcome were constructed, and their validity and reliability was confirmed. Analysis of the results by using structural equation modelling (SEM) illustrated that e-CRM implementation has a statistically significant positive relationship with customer-based service attributes and with the quality and outcome of customer–bank relationships as well as an indirect effect on relationship quality and outcome through customer-based service attributes. © 2011 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
Lower-extremity electromyography measures during walking with ankle-destabilization devices.

CONTEXT
Ankle-destabilization devices are rehabilitation tools that may improve neuromuscular control by increasing lower-extremity muscle activation. Their effects should be tested in healthy individuals before being implemented in rehabilitation programs.


OBJECTIVE
To compare EMG activation of lower-extremity muscles during walking while wearing 2 different ankle-destabilization devices.


DESIGN
Crossover.


SETTING
Laboratory.


PARTICIPANTS
15 healthy young adults (5 men, 10 women).


INTERVENTION
Surface EMG activity was recorded from the anterior tibialis, peroneus longus, lateral gastrocnemius, rectus femoris, biceps femoris, and gluteus medius as subjects walked on a treadmill shod, with an ankle-destabilization boot (ADB), and an ankle-destabilization sandal (ADS).


MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES
Normalized amplitudes 100 ms before and 200 ms after initial heel contact, time of onset activation relative to initial contact, and percent of activation time across the stride cycle were calculated for each muscle in each condition.


RESULTS
The precontact amplitudes of the peroneus longus and lateral gastrocnemius and the postcontact amplitudes of the lateral gastrocnemius were significantly greater in the ADB and ADS conditions. In the ADB condition, the rectus femoris and biceps femoris postcontact amplitudes were significantly greater than shod. The peroneus longus and lateral gastrocnemius were activated significantly earlier, and the anterior tibialis, lateral gastrocnemius, and rectus femoris were activated significantly longer across the stride cycle in the ADB and the ADS conditions. In addition, the peroneus longus was activated significantly longer in the ADB condition when compared with shod.


CONCLUSIONS
Both ankle-destabilization devices caused an alteration in muscle activity during walking, which may be favorable to an injured patient. Therefore, implementing these devices in rehabilitation programs may be beneficial to improving neuromuscular control.
Alignment of Self-Assembled Hierarchical Microstructure in Liquid Crystalline Diblock Copolymers Using High Magnetic Fields

Large area microdomain alignment in a ferroelectric liquid crystalline diblock copolymer (LCBCP) poly(styrene)-block-poly(isoprene-LC), (PS-PILC), incorporating a biphenyl 3-nitro-4-alkoxybenzoate LC mesogenic group and a non-LC block hexagonally packed cylinder microstructure, was successfully accomplished by application of a magnetic field at elevated temperatures. Smalland mediumangle X-ray scattering demonstrated that the PS cylinders in the LC matrix orient over large areas with their long axes perpendicular to the applied magnetic field. Correspondingly, the smectic layers of the LC mesophase in the matrix are also perpendicular to the field as the anchoring of the mesogens at the intermaterial dividing surface (IMDS) between the cylindrical microdomains and the matrix is planar (homogeneous) in this material. A negative diamagnetic anisotropy for the LC mesogens is inferred from the data. A lamellar sample was also studied and found to exhibit no preferred microstructural orientation when subjected to the magnetic field. This result is consistent with the orientational state degeneracy of planar anchoring of mesogens at the flat lamellar IMDS and closely parallels our prior results obtained by orientation of nonferroelectric LCBCPs using oscillatory shear.
A field camera for MR sequence monitoring and system analysis.

PURPOSE
MR image formation and interpretation relies on highly accurate dynamic magnetic fields of high fidelity. A range of mechanisms still limit magnetic field fidelity, including magnet drifts, eddy currents, and finite linearity and stability of power amplifiers used to drive gradient and shim coils. Addressing remaining errors by means of hardware, sequence, or signal processing optimizations, calls for immediate observation by magnetic field monitoring. The present work presents a stand-alone monitoring system delivering insight into such field imperfections for MR sequence and system analysis.


METHODS
A flexible NMR field probe-based stand-alone monitoring system, built on a software-defined-radio approach, is introduced and used to sense field dynamics up to third-order in space in a selection of situations with different time scales.


RESULTS
Highly sensitive trajectories are measured and successfully used for image reconstruction. Further field perturbations due to mechanical oscillations and thermal field drifts following demanding gradient use and external interferences are studied.


CONCLUSION
A flexible and versatile monitoring system is presented, delivering camera-like access to otherwise hardly accessible field dynamics with nanotesla resolution. Its stand-alone nature enables field analysis even during unknown MR system states.
Trends over time of virological and immunological characteristics in the Swiss HIV Cohort Study.

BACKGROUND
The long-term outcome of antiretroviral therapy (ART) is not assessed in controlled trials. We aimed to analyse trends in the population effectiveness of ART in the Swiss HIV Cohort Study over the last decade.


METHODS
We analysed the odds of stably suppressed viral load (ssVL: three consecutive values <50 HIV-1 RNA copies/mL) and of CD4 cell count exceeding 500 cells/μL for each year between 2000 and 2008 in three scenarios: an open cohort; a closed cohort ignoring the influx of new participants after 2000; and a worst-case closed cohort retaining lost or dead patients as virological failures in subsequent years. We used generalized estimating equations with sex, age, risk, non-White ethnicity and era of starting combination ART (cART) as fixed co-factors. Time-updated co-factors included type of ART regimen, number of new drugs and adherence to therapy.


RESULTS
The open cohort included 9802 individuals (median age 38 years; 31% female). From 2000 to 2008, the proportion of participants with ssVL increased from 37 to 64% [adjusted odds ratio (OR) per year 1.16 (95% CI 1.15-1.17)] and the proportion with CD4 count >500 cells/μL increased from 40 to >50% [OR 1.07 (95% CI 1.06-1.07)]. Similar trends were seen in the two closed cohorts. Adjustment did not substantially affect time trends.


CONCLUSIONS
There was no relevant dilution effect through new participants entering the open clinical cohort, and the increase in virological/immunological success over time was not an artefact of the study design of open cohorts. This can partly be explained by new treatment options and other improvements in medical care.
Therapeutic efficacy of traditional Chinese medicine, Shen-Mai San, in cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy or radiotherapy: study protocol for a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial

BACKGROUND
Cancer is one of the major health issues worldwide. An increasing number of cancer patients are offered treatment with surgery, chemotherapy and radiotherapy. Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) is one of the most common complementary therapies offered to cancer patients in Taiwan. We designed a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial to evaluate the efficacy of TCM in patients with cancer.


METHODS/DESIGN
In this study, inclusion criteria are postoperative patients with histologically confirmed cancer within 3 years who are undergoing chemotherapy or radiotherapy, more than 18 years old, have given signed informed consent, have the ability to read Chinese, and the ability for oral intake.Exclusion criteria include being pregnant, breast feeding, having completed chemotherapy or radiotherapy, brain metastasis with Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) performance status of two to four, delusion or hallucinations, acute infection, and have received medications under other clinical trials.The patients were separated into an intervention group (Shen-Mai-San, SMS) and a placebo group for four weeks using a randomized, double-blind procedure. The European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer (EORTC) Quality of Life questionnaire (QOL-C30) was used to evaluate the quality of life. General data, hemoglobin (Hb), hematocrit (Hct), glutamic-oxalacetic transaminase (GOT), glutamic-pyruvic transaminase (GPT), blood urea nitrogen (BUN), creatinine, carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), TCM diagnosis data and heart rate variability (HRV) were also recorded. These data were collected at baseline, two weeks and four weeks after receiving medication. The patients were prescribed granules which contained therapeutic medicines or placebo. Paired-T test was used for statistical analysis.


DISCUSSION
Shen-Mai-San is composed of processed Ginseng radis, Liriope spicata, and Schizandrae fructus. It was found to be effective for treating cancer-related fatigue and had anti-fatigue activity. In TCM theory, SMS has a synergistic effect for qi and yin deficiency and has the ability to prevent fatigue. The symptoms of qi and yin deficiency are similar to chemotherapy- or radiotherapy-induced side effects. In order to evaluate the efficacy of SMS on cancer treatment, we designed a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial.


TRIAL REGISTRATION
This study is registered to Clinical Trails.gov NCT01580358.
Partitioning of Mercury, Arsenic, Selenium, Boron, and Chloride in a Full-Scale Coal Combustion Process Equipped with Selective Catalytic Reduction, Electrostatic Precipitation, and Flue Gas Desulfurization Systems†

A full-scale field study was carried out at a 795 MWe coal-fired power plant equipped with selective catalytic reduction (SCR), an electrostatic precipitator (ESP), and wet flue gas desulfurization (FGD) systems to investigate the distribution of selected trace elements (i.e., mercury, arsenic, selenium, boron, and chloride) from coal, FGD reagent slurry, makeup water to flue gas, solid byproduct, and wastewater streams. Flue gases were collected from the SCR outlet, ESP inlet, FGD inlet, and stack. Concurrent with flue gas sampling, coal, bottom ash, economizer ash, and samples from the FGD process were also collected for elemental analysis. By combining plant operation parameters, the overallmaterial balances of selected elements were established. The removal efficiencies of As, Se, Hg, and B by the ESP unit were 88, 56, 17, and 8%, respectively. Only about 2.5% of Cl was condensed and removed from flue gas by fly ash. The FGD process removed over 90% of Cl, 77% of B, 76% of Hg, 30% of Se, and 5% of As. About 90% and 99% of the FGD-removed Hg and Se were associated with gypsum. For B and Cl, over 99% were discharged from the coal combustion process with the wastewater. Mineral trona (trisodium hydrogendicarbonate dehydrate, Na3H(CO3)2 3 2H2O) was injected before the ESP unit to control the emission of sulfur trioxide (SO3). By comparing the trace elements compositions in the fly ash samples collected from the locations before and after the trona injection, the injection of tronadid not showanobservable effect on the partitioning behaviors of selenium and arsenic, but it significantly increased the adsorption of mercury onto fly ash. The stack emissions of mercury, boron, selenium, and chloride were for the most part in the gas phase.
Behavioural activation v. antidepressant medication for treating depression in Iran: randomised trial.

BACKGROUND
Behavioural activation might be a viable alternative to antidepressant medication for major depressive disorder.


AIMS
To compare the effectiveness of behavioural activation and treatment as usual (TAU, antidepressant medication) for major depressive disorder in routine clinical practice in Iran.


METHOD
Patients with major depressive disorder (n = 100) were randomised to 16 sessions of behavioural activation (n = 50) or antidepressant medication (n = 50) (IRCT138807192573N1). The main outcome was depression, measured with the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) and the Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression (HRSD), assessed at 0, 4, 13 and 49 weeks.


RESULTS
Symptom reduction was greater in the behavioural activation group than in the TAU group on both the BDI and the HRSD at 13 and 49 weeks in multilevel analysis. Baseline depression severity was a moderator, with relatively better effects for behavioural activation in individuals who were more severely depressed. Also, there was better retention in the behavioural activation than in the TAU group.


CONCLUSIONS
Behavioural activation is a viable and effective treatment for people with major depressive disorder, especially for those who are more severely depressed, and it can successfully be disseminated into routine practice settings in a non-Western country such as Iran.
Land versus water exercise in patients with coronary artery disease: effects on body composition, blood lipids, and physical fitness.

BACKGROUND
We examined the effects of combined resistance and aerobic training on land versus combined resistance and aerobic training in water in patients with coronary artery disease.


METHODS
Thirty-four patients were randomly assigned to land exercise (LE, n = 12), water exercise (WE, n = 12), and control (n = 10) groups. The LE group trained 4 times per week, twice with aerobic exercise and twice with resistance training. The WE program included aquatic aerobic activities 2 times per week and resistance exercise at the same frequency carried out in water. The duration of the training programs was 4 months. Body composition measurements, blood lipids, exercise stress testing, and muscular strength were obtained at the beginning and at the end of the training period.


RESULTS
After 4 months of training, analysis of covariance revealed that body weight and sum of skinfolds were lower for WE and LE groups than for the control group. Patients who trained in water improved exercise time (+11.7% vs +8.1%) and maximum strength (+12.8% vs +12.9%) in a similar manner compared to the patients who trained on land. Total cholesterol (WE -4.4%, LE -3.3%) and triglycerides (WE -10.2%, LE -11.8%) decreased significantly for both exercise groups but not for the control group.


CONCLUSIONS
Exercise programs that combine resistance and aerobic exercise performed either on land or in water can both improve exercise tolerance and muscular strength in patients with coronary artery disease. Furthermore, both programs induce similar favorable adaptations on total cholesterol, triglycerides, and body composition.