LLukas22/scidocs huggingface dataset:
Characterising rotors for brushless doubly-fed machines (BDFM)

The brushless doubly fed machine (BDFM) is a robust alternative to the doubly fed induction generator (DFIG) which is widely used in wind turbines but suffers from failures associated with its brushes and slip rings. The rotor plays an important part in a BDFM, coupling the two stator fields. To date, the nested loop has been almost exclusively used in modern BDFMs, but this approach is not ideally suited to large machines in which a form wound rotor is likely to be preferable from a manufacturing point of view. This paper gives a comparative study of two rotor windings. The performance of the rotors has been predicted from theory for a frame size 160 BDFM. Actual rotors have been built, using identical rotor laminations, and tested, giving results which accord well with predictions. The results give insight into the design issues of rotors both from electrical and manufacturing viewpoints.
Enabling QoS in the Internet of Things

With the emergence of the Internet of Things (IoT), it is necessary to define service models, which can categorize IoT applications and determine the Quality of Service (QoS) factors necessary to satisfy the requirements of those services. On the other hand, as Wireless Sensor Networks (WSN) constitute a main component of the IoT, they become a key factor concerning QoS provision. In this perspective, we focus our analysis on the possible WSNs integration approaches in the IoT while providing QoS and which best practices to adopt. Furthermore, regarding QoS requirements, we also define service models for the IoT and expose their feasibility through a categorization of IoT applications. Keywords-Internet of Things; Wireless Sensor Network; QoS; Service Models; MAC
Phase II Trial of Debulking Surgery and Photodynamic Therapy for Disseminated Intraperitoneal Tumors

Background: Photodynamic therapy (PDT) combines photosensitizer drug, oxygen, and laser light to kill tumor cells on surfaces. This is the initial report of our phase II trial, designed to evaluate the effectiveness of surgical debulking and PDT in carcinomatosis and sarcomatosis. Methods: Fifty-six patients were enrolled between April 1997 and January 2000. Patients were given Photofrin (2.5 mg/kg) intravenously 2 days before tumor-debulking surgery. Laser light was delivered to all peritoneal surfaces. Patients were followed with CT scans and laparoscopy to evaluate responses to treatment. Results: Forty-two patients were adequately debulked at surgery; these comprise the treatment group. There were 14 GI malignancies, 12 ovarian cancers and 15 sarcomas. Actuarial median survival was 21 months. Median time to recurrence was 3 months (range, 1–21 months). The most common serious toxicities were anemia (38%), liver function test (LFT) abnormalities (26%), and gastrointestinal toxicities(19%), and one patient died. Conclusions: Photofrin PDT for carcinomatosis has been successfully administered to 42 patients, with acceptable toxicity. The median survival of 21 months exceeds our expectations; however, the relative contribution of surgical resection versus PDT is unknown. Deficiencies in photosensitizer delivery, tissue oxygenation, or laser light distribution leading to recurrences may be addressed through the future use of new photosensitizers.
Toward a Recommended Practice for Architectural Description

The Architecture Planning Group (APG) was chartered by IEEE’s Software Engineering Standards Committee to set a direction for incorporating architectural thinking into IEEE standards. In this paper, we present a framework for architectural thinking and use it to review existing architectural practices; summarize the work of the APG and its recommendations; and provide the rationale for those recommendations.
A Path-based Relational RDF Database

We propose a path-based scheme for storage and retrieval of RDF data using a relational database. The Semantic Web is much anticipated as the nextgeneration web where high-level processing of web resources are enabled by underlying metadata described in RDF format. A typical application of RDF is to describe ontologies or dictionaries, but in such applications, the size of RDF data is large. As largesize RDF data are emerging and their number is increasing, RDF databases that can manage large-size RDF data are becoming ever more important. To date, some RDF databases have already been proposed; however, they have critical problems: the performance of path queries is insufficient and they cannot discriminate between schema data and instance data. In this paper, as a solution to these problems, we propose a path-based relation RDF database. In our approach, we first divide the RDF graph into subgraphs, and then store each subgraph by applicable techniques into distinct relational tables. More precisely, all classes and properties are extracted from RDF schema data, and all resources are also extracted from RDF data. Each is assigned an identifier and a path expression, and stored in corresponding relational table. Because our proposed scheme retains schema information and path expressions of each resource, unlike most conventional RDF databases, it is possible to process path-based queries efficiently and store RDF instance data without schema information. The effectiveness of this approach is demonstrated through several experiments.
Negotiate, reciprocate, or cooperate? The impact of exchange modes on inter-employee knowledge sharing

Alexander Serenko is a Professor at Faculty of Business Administration, Lakehead University, Thunder Bay, Canada. Nick Bontis is an Associate Professor at DeGroote School of Business, McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada. Abstract Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to investigate the impact of exchange modes – negotiated, reciprocal, generalized, and productive – on inter-employee knowledge sharing. Design/methodology/approach – Based on the affect theory of social exchange, a theoretical model was developed and empirically tested using a survey of 691 employees from 15 North American credit unions. Findings – The negotiated mode of knowledge exchange, i.e. when a knowledge contributor explicitly establishes reciprocation conditions with a recipient, develops negative knowledge sharing attitude. The reciprocal mode, i.e. when a knowledge donor assumes that a receiver will reciprocate, has no effect on knowledge sharing attitude. The generalized exchange form, i.e. when a knowledge contributor believes that other organizational members may reciprocate, is weakly related to knowledge sharing attitude. The productive exchange mode, i.e. when a knowledge provider assumes he or she is a responsible citizen within a cooperative enterprise, strongly facilitates the development of knowledge sharing attitude, which, in turn, leads to knowledge sharing intentions. Practical implications – To facilitate inter-employee knowledge sharing, managers should focus on the development of positive knowledge sharing culture when all employees believe they contribute to a common good instead of expecting reciprocal benefits. Originality/value – This is one of the first studies to apply the affect theory of social exchange to study knowledge sharing.
Legacy Systems Migration : A Method and its Tool-Kit Framework

The problems posed by mission-critical legacy systems brittleness, inflexibility, isolation, non-extensibility, lack of openness etc. are well known, but practical solutions have been slow to emerge. Most approaches are “ad hoc” and tailored to peculiarities of individual systems. This paper presents an approach to mission-critical legacy system migration : the Butterfly Methodology, its data migration engine and supporting tool-kit framework. Data migration is the primary focus of the Butterfly methodology, however, it is placed in the overall context of a complete legacy system migration. The fundamental premise of the Butterfly methodology is to question the need for parallel operation of the legacy and target systems during migration. Much of the complexity of the current migration methodologies is eliminated by removing this interoperation assumption.
Effect of whole-body vibration exercise on balance in women with fibromyalgia syndrome: a randomized controlled trial.

OBJECTIVES
This study evaluated the effectiveness of a 6-week "usual care" exercise program supplemented with whole-body vibration (WBV) to improve balance and strength in women with fibromyalgia (FM).


DESIGN
This was a randomized controlled study.


SETTINGS
The setting was a physical therapy department in an academic setting.


SUBJECTS
The subjects were 30 postmenopausal women with FM (age: 59±7.90 years).


INTERVENTIONS
Subjects were randomized into one of two groups: an experimental group (EG: n=15), which combined exercise training (2 days a week) with 3 days of WBV, and a control group (CG: n=15), who performed the same exercise training program (2 days a week) but without WBV.


OUTCOME MEASURES
Balance and muscle strength were measured at baseline and after the 6-week intervention.


RESULTS
Significant differences were found (p<0.05) between the study groups for the Medio-Lateral Stability Index (MLSI), when patients were assessed with their eyes open and closed. The effect size of the improvement was large with eyes closed (R2=0.260) and moderate when the eyes were open (R2=0.047). However, no significant differences were found (p>0.05) between the study groups for other outcomes.


CONCLUSIONS
Women with FM may increase their MLSI by engaging in a 6-week traditional exercise program with supplementary WBV. This may have implications for falls prevention in this patient group.
Tissue dissolution by sodium hypochlorite: effect of concentration, temperature, agitation, and surfactant.

AIM
Sodium hypochlorite is the most commonly used endodontic irrigant because of its antimicrobial and tissue-dissolving activity. The aim of this study was to evaluate and compare the effects of concentration, temperature, and agitation on the tissue-dissolving ability of sodium hypochlorite. In addition, a hypochlorite product with added surface active agent was compared with conventional hypochlorite solutions.


METHODS
Three sodium hypochlorite solutions from two different manufacturers in concentrations of 1%, 2%, 4%, and 5.8% were tested at room temperature, 37 degrees C, and 45 degrees C with and without agitation by ultrasonic and sonic energy and pipetting. Distilled and sterilized tap water was used as controls. Pieces of bovine muscle tissue (68 +/- 3 mg) were placed in 10 mL of each solution for five minutes. In selected samples, agitation was performed for one, two, or four 15-second periods per each minute. The tissue specimens were weighed before and after treatment, and the percentage of weight loss was calculated. The contact angle on dentin of the three solutions at concentrations of 1% and 5.8% was measured.


RESULTS
Weight loss (dissolution) of the tissue increased almost linearly with the concentration of sodium hypochlorite. Higher temperatures and agitation considerably enhanced the efficacy of sodium hypochlorite. The effect of agitation on tissue dissolution was greater than that of temperature; continuous agitation resulted in the fastest tissue dissolution. Hypochlorite with added surface active agent had the lowest contact angle on dentin and was most effective in tissue dissolution in all experimental situations.


CONCLUSIONS
Optimizing the concentration, temperature, flow, and surface tension can improve the tissue-dissolving effectiveness of hypochlorite even 50-fold.
Short term effects of GnRH agonists on plasma fibrinolytic balance in patients with advanced prostate cancer

Background Gonadotropin releasing hormone (GnRH) agonists are the cornerstone of metastatic prostate cancer treatment. Cardiovascular effects of GnRH agonists are unclear. In this study, we investigated the short term effects of GnRH agonists on plasma fibrinolytic parameters in patients with metastatic prostate cancer. Methods Eleven patients (mean age 69.3 ± 6.5) with metastatic prostate cancer and a clinical indication for GnRH agonist therapy were selected. Plasma plasminogen activator inhibitor (PAI-1) antigen (Ag), tissue plasminogen activator (t-PA) Ag and thrombin-activatable fibrinolysis inhibitor (TAFI) activity levels were measured at baseline and at 4 weeks after the first dose of GnRH agonist, Goserelin Acetate (Zoladex®, subcutaneous administration, 10.8 mg). Results Serum prostate specific antigen (PSA) levels significantly decreased from 36.6 ± 19.3 to 1.1 ± 0.3 ng/ml after Goserelin acetate treatment (P = 0.005). Significant changes occurred in the fibrinolytic parameters. GnRH agonists decreased plasma t-PA Ag levels (16.3 ± 4.9 vs. 12.2 ± 2.8 ng/ml, P = 0.047) and increased PAI-1/t-PA molar ratio (4.8 ± 3.6 vs. 6.6 ± 3.4, P = 0.16), on the other hand, plasma PAI-1 Ag (59.0 ± 48.5 vs. 56.4 ± 30.5 ng/ml, P = 0.8), and TAFI levels (130.6 ± 9.5 vs. 124.2 ± 26.5% activity, P = 0.3) did not change significantly. Conclusion This study provides evidence that GnRH agonists may inhibit fibrinolytic system by decreasing t-PA levels.
Wii-habilitation as balance therapy for children with acquired brain injury.

PURPOSE
To evaluate the effectiveness of the Nintendo Wii compared to traditional balance therapy in improving balance, motivation, and functional ability in children undergoing acute rehabilitation after brain injury.


METHODS
A non-concurrent, randomized multiple baseline single-subject research design was used with three participants. Data were analyzed by visual inspection of trend lines.


RESULTS
Daily Wii balance training was equally motivating to traditional balance therapy for two participants and more motivating for one participant. While improvements in dynamic balance were observed, the results for static balance remain inconclusive. All participants demonstrated improvements in functional ability.


CONCLUSION
Wii balance therapy is a safe, feasible, and motivating intervention for children undergoing acute rehabilitation after an acquired brain injury. Further research to examine the effectiveness of Wii balance therapy in this population is warranted.
Stability of endodontically treated teeth with differently invasive restorations: Adhesive vs. non-adhesive cusp stabilization.

OBJECTIVES
Aim of the present study was to evaluate fracture strength of endodontically treated molars with different preparations/restorations after thermomechanical loading in vitro.


METHODS
264 extracted human third molars were used. Beside the control group, 256 teeth in 32 test groups (n=8) received root canal treatment (MTwo #40/.6) and root canal obturation with AH Plus and Guttapercha. After postendodontic sealing and build-up (Syntac, SDR), specimens were additionally prepared MO or MOD. Postendodontic restorations were: Direct restorations (Tetric EvoCeram Bulk Fill bonded with Syntac; as filling or direct partial crown (PC) after reducing the cusps 3mm; amalgam as filling or direct pin-retained partial crown (PC)), vs. indirect adhesive restorations (I: Inlay vs. PC; IPS Empress I/PC; Celtra Duo I/PC; e.max CAD I/PC; Lava Ultimate I/PC; Enamic I/PC - all inserted with Syntac/Variolink) vs. cemented cast gold I/PC. After 300,000 thermocycles (5/55°C) and 1.2 Mio. 100N load cycles, specimens were loaded until fracture.


RESULTS
Whereas IPS Empress showed no difference between I and PC (p>0.05), in all other groups PC were significantly more stable than fillings/inlays (p<0.05), this effect was more pronounced after MOD preparations. Cast gold PC exhibited the highest fracture strengths (p<0.05), inlays the lowest (p<0.05). IPS Empress was generally inferior to the other bonded materials under investigation (p<0.05) which as PC almost reached the level of control specimens. Amalgam fillings showed the worst outcome (p<0.05).


SIGNIFICANCES
Less invasive preparation designs were not beneficial for the stability of postendodontic restorations. Except for IPS Empress, PC were generally more successful in restabilization of weakened cusps after endodontic treatment and preparation. Cast gold PC remain the ultimate stabilization tool for ETT in terms of fracture resistance.
Online convolutional dictionary learning

While a number of different algorithms have recently been proposed for convolutional dictionary learning, this remains an expensive problem. The single biggest impediment to learning from large training sets is the memory requirements, which grow at least linearly with the size of the training set since all existing methods are batch algorithms. The work reported here addresses this limitation by extending online dictionary learning ideas to the convolutional context.
Relationship between Self-Esteem and Academic Achievements of Students : A Case of Government Secondary Schools in District Swabi , KPK , Pakistan

Self-esteem is an important academic construct in the process of education. It is recognized as one of the major factors in learning outcomes of students. Research has established that there is close relationship between selfesteem and academic achievements of students. This study also investigates government secondary school teachers’ perceptions of the relationship between self-esteem and students’ academic achievements. To collect data, a questionnaire, based on five point likert scale was designed and administered to 200 teachers. The selected teachers were randomly sampled from 30 government secondary schools in Swabi District. Data were collected, tabulated, analyzed and interpreted in simple percentage. The results demonstrated that students with positive self-esteem have high academic performance. Hence, it is inferred from the result of this study that there is a significantly high relationship between self-esteem and academic achievements of students. On the basis of this study it is recommended that teachers should encourage, respect and care their students in the process of schooling.
Effect of nerve-sparing radical hysterectomy on bladder function recovery and quality of life in patients with cervical carcinoma.

OBJECTIVE
To investigate the bladder function recovery and quality of life (QOL) using nerve-sparing radical hysterectomy (NSRH) in treating early invasive cervical carcinoma.


METHODS
Subjects included patients who underwent radical hysterectomy by laparotomy for early-stage cervical carcinoma. Thirty-one patients were randomly assigned to 2 groups: group A, 15 patients who underwent NSRH; and group B, 16 patients who underwent classical radical hysterectomy. We observed the patients' general clinical information, surgical characteristics, postoperative vital signs, pathological findings, adjuvant therapies, and adverse effects. A urodynamic study was used to assess the bladder function. The patients' QOL was evaluated by Functional Assessment of Cervical Cancer Therapy (FACT-Cx).


RESULTS
Twenty-nine patients completed the study. No significant differences were found in age, body mass index, surgery characteristics, pathological findings, adjuvant therapies, and main adverse effects between the 2 groups (P > 0.05). The postoperative time of bladder function recovery in group A was obviously earlier than that in group B (P < 0.05). The urodynamic study showed that the extent of bladder function recovery in group A was better than that in group B (P < 0.05). The QOL in group A evaluated 1 year after operation was improved compared with that in group B (P < 0.05). The QOL analysis showed that group A did much better than group B in social and family life, emotional well-being, working status, and the symptom correlated with the operation (P < 0.05). No significant differences were found in basic bodily functions (P > 0.05).


CONCLUSIONS
Nerve-sparing radical hysterectomy is a safe and reliable technique for early invasive cervical carcinoma. The postoperative bladder function recovery and the patients' QOL were improved after NSRH compared with the control group. Therefore, NSRH could be an alternative management to modify the classical surgery for cervical carcinoma with International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics stages IB1 to IIA.
Algorithms for Constraint-Satisfaction Problems: A Survey

A large number of problems in AI and other areas of computer science can be viewed as special cases of the constraint-satisfaction problem. Some examples are machine vision, belief maintenance, scheduling, temporal reasoning, graph problems, floor plan design, the planning of genetic experiments, and the satisfiability problem. A number of different approaches have been developed for solving these problems. Some of them use constraint propagation to simplify the original problem. Others use backtracking to directly search for possible solutions. Some are a combination of these two techniques. This article overviews many of these approaches in a tutorial fashion. Articles
Stage IV gastric cancer successfully treated by multidisciplinary therapy including chemotherapy, immunotherapy, and surgery: a case report

BACKGROUND
The prognosis of stage IV gastric cancer (GC) still remains unfavorable. Multidisciplinary approaches should therefore be considered to improve the survival of patients with stage IV GC. We report here a case of primary GC with potentially unresectable metastasis, successfully treated by a multidisciplinary approach including chemotherapy, immunotherapy, and surgery.


CASE PRESENTATION
A 74-year-old man presented with multiple left neck masses. Abdominal computed tomography showed a thickened gastric wall and multiple lymphadenopathies including left supraclavicular lymph node. Gastroenterological endoscopy revealed tumor lesions in the gastric cardia. Tumor biopsy indicated a pathological diagnosis of poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma. Open left cervical lymph node biopsy showed histological features identical with the gastric tumor, indicating left clavicle lymph node metastasis of GC. After 2 years of chemo-immunotherapy with S-1/CDDP, paclitaxel, and cytokine-activated killer cells, lesions other than the stomach lesion had regressed to undetectable on imaging studies. The patient then underwent laparoscopy-assisted total gastrectomy with Roux-en-Y reconstruction followed by adjuvant chemo-immunotherapy with paclitaxel and S-1 for 1 year, and immunotherapy with tumor lysate-pulsed dendritic cell-activated killer cells for 5 years. The patient remained well after 5 years and 6 months of follow-up, with no signs of recurrence.


CONCLUSION
Therapeutic combinations including immunotherapy may thus allow surgery to be performed in patients previously considered unsuitable for surgical intervention, potentially leading to a clinical cure, as in the current case.