LLukas22/scidocs huggingface dataset:
A double-blind, randomized, controlled study of botulinum toxin type A in MS-related tremor.

OBJECTIVE
To evaluate the safety and efficacy of botulinum toxin type A in disabling multiple sclerosis (MS)-related upper limb tremor.


METHODS
Twenty-three patients with MS contributed data from 33 upper limbs to this study. Each limb was randomized in a crossover design to receive botulinum toxin type A or placebo at baseline and the reverse treatment at 12 weeks. The 3 main outcomes were the median changes in Bain tremor rating scores for tremor severity, writing, and drawing an Archimedes spiral from baseline to 6 and 12 weeks after treatment with botulinum toxin type A compared with those after treatment with saline placebo. An independent rater scored randomized video assessments performed every 6 weeks over 6 months.


RESULTS
There was a significant improvement after botulinum toxin compared with that after placebo treatment in the Bain score for tremor severity at 6 weeks (p = 0.0005) and 12 weeks (p = 0.0001), writing at 6 weeks (p = 0.0001) and 12 weeks (p = 0.0003), and Archimedes spiral drawing at 6 weeks (p = 0.0006) and 12 weeks (p = 0.0002). More patients developed weakness after botulinum toxin treatment (42.2%) than after placebo injection (6.1%; (p = 0.0005). Weakness was mild (just detectable) to moderate (still able to use limb) and resolved within 2 weeks.


CONCLUSIONS
Targeted botulinum toxin type A injections significantly improve arm tremor and tremor-related disability in patients with MS.


CLASSIFICATION OF EVIDENCE
This study provides Class III evidence that targeted injection of botulinum toxin type A is associated with significant improvement in MS-related upper limb tremor.
A Case of Giant Cowper's Gland Syringocele in an Adult Male Patient

Cowper's gland syringocele is an uncommon, underdiagnosed cystic dilatation of Cowper's gland ducts showing various radiological patterns. Herein we report a rare case of giant Cowper's gland syringocele in an adult male patient, with description of MRI findings and management outcome.
Methane concentrations in water wells unrelated to proximity to existing oil and gas wells in northeastern Pennsylvania.

Recent studies in northeastern Pennsylvania report higher concentrations of dissolved methane in domestic water wells associated with proximity to nearby gas-producing wells [ Osborn et al. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. 2011 , 108 , 8172 ] and [ Jackson et al. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. , 2013 , 110 , 11250 ]. We test this possible association by using Chesapeake Energy's baseline data set of over 11,300 dissolved methane analyses from domestic water wells, densely arrayed in Bradford and nearby counties (Pennsylvania), and near 661 pre-existing oil and gas wells. The majority of these, 92%, were unconventional wells, drilled with horizontal legs and hydraulically fractured. Our data set is hundreds of times larger than data sets used in prior studies. In contrast to prior findings, we found no statistically significant relationship between dissolved methane concentrations in groundwater from domestic water wells and proximity to pre-existing oil or gas wells. Previous analyses used small sample sets compared to the population of domestic wells available, which may explain the difference in prior findings compared to ours.
Authentic Leadership, Trust and Work Engagement

The issue of leadership has been investigated from several perspectives; however, very less from ethical perspective. With the growing number of corporate scandals and unethical roles played by business leaders in several parts of the world, the need to examine leadership from ethical perspective cannot be over emphasized. The importance of leadership credibility has been discussed in the authentic model of leadership. Authentic leaders display high degree of integrity, have deep sense of purpose, and committed to their core values. As a result they promote a more trusting relationship in their work groups that translates into several positive outcomes. The present study examined how authentic leadership contribute to subordinates’ trust in leadership and how this trust, in turn, predicts subordinates’ work engagement. A sample of 395 employees was randomly selected from several local banks operating in Malaysia. Standardized tools such as ALQ, OTI, and EEQ were employed. Results indicated that authentic leadership promoted subordinates’ trust in leader, and contributed to work engagement. Also, interpersonal trust predicted employees’ work engagement as well as mediated the relationship between this style of leadership and employees’ work engagement. Keywords—Authentic Leadership, Interpersonal Trust, Work Engagement
Safety and efficacy of extracorporeal shock wave myocardial revascularization therapy for refractory angina pectoris.

OBJECTIVE
To assess the safety and efficacy of extracorporeal shockwave myocardial revascularization (ESMR) therapy in treating patients with refractory angina pectoris.


PATIENTS AND METHODS
A single-arm multicenter prospective trial to assess safety and efficacy of the ESMR therapy in patients with refractory angina (class III/IV angina) was performed. Screening exercise treadmill tests and pharmacological single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) were performed for all patients to assess exercise capacity and ischemic burden. Patients were treated with 9 sessions of ESMR to ischemic areas over 9 weeks. Efficacy end points were exercise capacity by using treadmill test as well as ischemic burden on pharmacological SPECT at 4 months after the last ESMR treatment. Safety measures included electrocardiography, echocardiography, troponin, creatine kinase, and brain natriuretic peptide testing, and pain questionnaires.


RESULTS
Fifteen patients with medically refractory angina and no revascularization options were enrolled. There was a statistically significant mean increase of 122.3±156.9 seconds (38% increase compared with baseline; P=.01) in exercise treadmill time from baseline (319.8±157.2 seconds) to last follow-up after the ESMR treatment (422.1±183.3 seconds). There was no improvement in the summed stress perfusion scores after pharmacologically induced stress SPECT at 4 months after the last ESMR treatment in comparison to that at screening; however, SPECT summed stress score revealed that untreated areas had greater progression in ischemic burden vs treated areas (3.69±6.2 vs 0.31±4.5; P=.03). There was no significant change in the mean summed echo score from baseline to posttreatment (0.4±5.1; P=.70). The ESMR therapy was performed safely without any adverse events in electrocardiography, echocardiography, troponins, creatine kinase, or brain natriuretic peptide. Pain during the ESMR treatment was minimal (a score of 0.5±1.2 to 1.1±1.2 out of 10).


CONCLUSION
In this multicenter feasibility study, ESMR seems to be a safe and efficacious treatment for patients with refractory angina pectoris. However, larger sham-controlled trials will be required to confirm these findings.
Heuristic Feature Selection for Clickbait Detection

We study feature selection as a means to optimize the baseline clickbait detector employed at the Clickbait Challenge 2017 [6]. The challenge’s task is to score the “clickbaitiness” of a given Twitter tweet on a scale from 0 (no clickbait) to 1 (strong clickbait). Unlike most other approaches submitted to the challenge, the baseline approach is based on manual feature engineering and does not compete out of the box with many of the deep learning-based approaches. We show that scaling up feature selection efforts to heuristically identify better-performing feature subsets catapults the performance of the baseline classifier to second rank overall, beating 12 other competing approaches and improving over the baseline performance by 20%. This demonstrates that traditional classification approaches can still keep up with deep learning on this task.
Impact of urgent coronary angiography on mid-term clinical outcome of comatose out-of-hospital cardiac arrest survivors presenting without ST-segment elevation.

BACKGROUND
Timing of coronary angiography (CAG) is still controversial in the out-of-hospital cardiac arrest survivors who present without ST-segment elevation.


METHODS AND RESULTS
We analysed a prospective registry of 158 comatose survivors of out-of-hospital cardiac arrest. For further analysis, we included 99 patients without ST-segment elevation on the initial electrocardiogram. All patients underwent temperature management. Urgent CAG (<2h from admission) was performed in 25% of the patients. A definite cause of the cardiac arrest could be identified during the index hospitalization in 82 patients: 36 had a non-ST-segment elevation acute coronary syndrome (NSTE-ACS) and 46 had a non-ACS diagnosis. Eighty-seven patients (88%) survived the index hospitalization and 65 (66%) were alive at six months. A favourable neurological status (cerebral performance category ≤ 2) was observed in 56% of the patients at discharge and in 56% after six months of follow-up. Neither the survival nor the neurological outcome differed between the patients in whom the CAG was performed urgently upon the admission and the patients in whom the CAG was initially not performed, regardless of the aetiology of the cardiac arrest. On the other hand, performing an urgent CAG was safe and it did not prolong the average time to achieve an effective hypothermia.


CONCLUSIONS
Performing an urgent CAG in comatose cardiac arrest survivors without ST-segment elevation was not associated with better clinical and neurological outcome as compared to the initially conservative approach.
Satellite earth station (SeS) selection method for satellite-based sensor networks

The reference network is composed of a group of wireless sensors directly in view of a cluster of satellite earth stations (CoSES), which convey the information coming from the sensors to a destination remote monitoring host (RMH). More than one satellite earth station (SES), all in this letter, within the cluster receive the information packets but to avoid wasting bandwidth and energy only one of them stores the packets coming from a specific sensor and forwards them to the destination through the satellite channel. This letter proposes a method to select the transmitting SES so to minimize the distance with a situation considered ideal for a set of metrics: packet loss rate, average communication delay, and average energy consumption.
Compact uniplanar antenna for WLAN applications

A compact dual-band uniplanar antenna for operation in the 2.4=5.2=5.8 GHz WLAN=HIPERLAN2 communication bands is presented. The dual-band antenna is obtained by modifying one of the lateral strips of a slot line, thereby producing two different current paths. The antenna occupies a very small area of 14.5 16.6 mm including the ground plane on a substrate having dielectric constant 4.4 and thickness 1.6 mm at 2.2 GHz. The antenna resonates with two bands from 2.2 to 2.52 GHz and from 5 to 10 GHz with good matching, good radiation characteristics and moderate gain.
Three-dimensional mathematical model for deformation of human fasciae in manual therapy.

CONTEXT
Although mathematical models have been developed for the bony movement occurring during chiropractic manipulation, such models are not available for soft tissue motion.


OBJECTIVE
To develop a three-dimensional mathematical model for exploring the relationship between mechanical forces and deformation of human fasciae in manual therapy using a finite deformation theory.


METHODS
The predicted stresses required to produce plastic deformation were evaluated for a volunteer subject's fascia lata, plantar fascia, and superficial nasal fascia. These stresses were then compared with previous experimental findings for plastic deformation in dense connective tissues. Using the three-dimensional mathematical model, the authors determined the changing amounts of compression and shear produced in fascial tissue during 20 seconds of manual therapy.


RESULTS
The three-dimensional model's equations revealed that very large forces, outside the normal physiologic range, are required to produce even 1% compression and 1% shear in fascia lata and plantar fascia. Such large forces are not required to produce substantial compression and shear in superficial nasal fascia, however.


CONCLUSION
The palpable sensations of tissue release that are often reported by osteopathic physicians and other manual therapists cannot be due to deformations produced in the firm tissues of plantar fascia and fascia lata. However, palpable tissue release could result from deformation in softer tissues, such as superficial nasal fascia.
pH-dependent production of molecular chlorine, bromine, and iodine from frozen saline surfaces

Abstract. The mechanisms of molecular halogen production from frozen saline surfaces
remain incompletely understood, limiting our ability to predict atmospheric
oxidation and composition in polar regions. In this laboratory study,
condensed-phase hydroxyl radicals (OH) were photochemically generated in
frozen saltwater solutions that mimicked the ionic composition of ocean
water. These hydroxyl radicals were found to oxidize Cl − , Br − , and
 I − , leading to the release of Cl 2 , Br 2 , I 2 , and IBr. At
moderately acidic pH (buffered between 4.5 and 4.8), irradiation of ice
containing OH precursors (either of hydrogen peroxide or nitrite ion)
produced elevated amounts of I 2 . Subsequent addition of O 3 
produced additional I 2 , as well as small amounts of Br 2 . At lower
pH (1.7–2.2) and in the presence of an OH precursor, rapid dark conversion
of I − to I 2 occurred from reactions with hydrogen peroxide or
nitrite, followed by substantial photochemical production of Br 2 upon
irradiation. Exposure to O 3 under these low pH conditions also
increased production of Br 2 and I 2 ; this likely results from
direct O 3 reactions with halides, as well as the production of
gas-phase HOBr and HOI that subsequently diffuse to frozen solution to react
with Br − and I − . Photochemical production of Cl 2 was only
observed when the irradiated sample was composed of high-purity NaCl and
hydrogen peroxide (acting as the OH precursor) at pH  =  1.8. Though
condensed-phase OH was shown to produce Cl 2 in this study, kinetics
calculations suggest that heterogeneous recycling chemistry may be equally
or more important for Cl 2 production in the Arctic atmosphere. The
condensed-phase OH-mediated halogen production mechanisms demonstrated here
are consistent with those proposed from recent Arctic field observations of
molecular halogen production from snowpacks. These reactions, even if slow,
may be important for providing seed halogens to the Arctic atmosphere. Our
results suggest the observed molecular halogen products are dependent on the
relative concentrations of halides at the ice surface, as we only observe
what diffuses to the air–surface interface.
Pathologic risk-based adjuvant chemotherapy for unilateral retinoblastoma following enucleation.

BACKGROUND
There are no standardized diagnostic or treatment guidelines for patients with advanced unilateral retinoblastoma.


MATERIALS AND METHODS
Patients with advanced unilateral retinoblastoma were prospectively treated after enucleation using a risk-based protocol. Patients were assigned to low risk (LR), intermediate risk (IR), or high risk (HR) based on pathology. LR patients underwent observation. IR patients received 4 courses of chemotherapy with vincristine, doxorubicin, and cyclophosphamide (VDC). In the HR group, patients received 3 courses of VDC alternating with 3 courses of vincristine, carboplatin, and etoposide (VCE) and irradiation when indicated.


RESULTS
Fifty patients with advanced unilateral retinoblastoma were treated (LR, n=36; IR, n=7; HR, n=7). All eyes were Reese-Ellsworth group V. All bone scans (n=81), lumbar punctures (n=16), and bone marrow aspirates (n=16) were negative. Chemotherapy was well tolerated. Grades 3/4 hematologic toxicities were seen in all patients; grades 3/4 nonhematologic toxicities were seen in half the patients. Only one patient in the HR group received radiation therapy. All patients were alive at the time of analysis with no signs of disease recurrence. Median follow-up was 3.4 years (range, 0.8 to 6.4 y).


CONCLUSIONS
Patients with nonmetastatic unilateral retinoblastoma undergoing primary enucleation can be cured with a graduated intensity approach based on pathology.
SAM Smart Asthma Monitoring: Focus on Air Quality Data and Internet of Things (IoT)

Nowadays, mobile technologies and in particular the Internet of Things (IoT), data and machine learning technologies can have a positive impact on the way we manage our health. This paper focuses on Asthma, a condition that affects 10% of Australians. This research collects and analyses data about air quality using New South Wales regional area data and data obtained from our faculty smart building (UTS building 11). Based on a persons location and travel plans, we analyze the Air Quality Index (AQI) and provide a personalized and localized feedback to individuals living with asthma and help them manage their condition better.
Race/ethnic differences in bone mineral densities in older men

BMD was compared across race/ethnic groups. There were substantial race/ethnic differences in BMD even within African or Asian origin. Additional adjustment for body size greatly attenuated or reversed the differences between US Caucasian men vs Asian men. It illustrates the role of body size on the difference between these groups. There is insufficient epidemiologic information about men’s bone mineral density (BMD) levels across race/ethnic groups and geographic locations. In a cross-sectional design, we compared BMD in older men across seven race/ethnic groups in four countries. Femoral neck, total hip, and lumbar spine BMD were measured in men (age 65 to 78 years) from the Osteoporotic Fractures in Men (MrOS) Study (4,074 Caucasian, 208 African-American, 157 Asian, and 116 Hispanic men in USA), Tobago Bone Health Study (422 Afro-Caribbean men), MrOS Hong Kong Study (1,747 Hong Kong Chinese men), and the Namwon Study (1,079 South Korean men). BMD was corrected according to the cross-site calibration results for all scanners. When compared with US Caucasian men, Afro-Caribbean and African-American men had, respectively, 8–20% and 6–11% higher age-adjusted mean BMD at all three bone sites. Hip BMD was similar in US Caucasian and Hispanic men, US Asian, Hong Kong Chinese, and Korean men had 3–14% lower BMD at all bone sites except femoral neck in Korean men. Additional adjustment for weight and height greatly attenuated or reversed the differences between US Caucasian men vs Asian men including US Asian, Hong Kong Chinese, and South Korean men. Among Asian groups, Korean men had higher femoral neck BMD and lower total hip BMD. These findings show substantial race/ethnic differences in BMD even within African or Asian origin and illustrate the important role of body size on the difference between Asian men and others.
Projected U.S. Demographics and Social Security

Without policy reforms, the aging of the U.S. population is likely to increase the burden of the currently unfunded Social Security and Medicare systems. In this paper we build an applied general equilibrium model and incorporate the population projections made by the Social Security Administration (SSA) to evaluate the macroeconomic and welfare implications of alternative fiscal responses to the retirement of the baby-boomers. Our calculations suggest that it will be costly to maintain the benefits at the levels now promised because the increases in distortionary taxes required to finance those benefits will reduce private saving and labor supply. We also find that the “accounting calculations” made by the SSA underestimate the required fiscal adjustments. Finally, our results confirm that policies with similar long-run characteristics have very different transitional implications for the distribution of welfare across generations. Journal of Economic Literature Classification Numbers: D52, D58, E21, E62. © 1999 Academic Press
Asthma prevalence in Melbourne schoolchildren: have we reached the peak?

OBJECTIVE
To determine the change in prevalence of asthma, eczema and allergic rhinitis in Australian schoolchildren between 1993 and 2002.


DESIGN
Questionnaire based survey, using the protocol of the International Study of Asthma and Allergy in Childhood.


SETTING
Metropolitan Melbourne primary schools within a 20 km radius of the GPO in 1993 and 2002.


SUBJECTS
All children in school years 1 and 2 (ages 6 and 7) attending a random sample of 84 schools in 1993 and 63 schools in 2002.


MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES
Parent-reported symptoms of atopic disease; treatment for asthma; country of birth.


RESULTS
There was a 26% reduction in the 12-month period prevalence of reported wheeze, from 27.2% in 1993 to 20.0% in 2002. The magnitude of reduction was similar for boys (27%) and girls (25%). The 12-month period prevalence of reported eczema increased from 11.1% in 1993 to 17.2% in 2002, and rhinitis increased from 9.7% to 12.7%. There were reductions in the proportion of children attending an emergency department for asthma in the previous year (3.6% to 2.3%), the proportion admitted to hospital (1.7% to 1.1%) and the proportion taking asthma medication (18.5% to 13.4%). Of those who reported frequent wheeze, there was an increase in the proportion taking regular inhaled steroids (34.5% to 40.9%).


CONCLUSION
There has been a significant reduction in the prevalence of reported asthma in Melbourne schoolchildren, whereas the prevalence of eczema and allergic rhinitis has continued to increase.
Electronic structure of diatomic molecules composed of a first-row transition metal and main-group element (h-f).

Understanding the nature of the transition-metal (TM)-main-group-element bond is important in many areas of science, such as organometallic chemistry,1,2 surface science,3 catalysis,4 high-temperature chemistry,5,6 and astrophysics.7,8 For example, the oxides are of interest to astrophysics as the constituents of cool stars and to surface science as zero-order models for the oxidation of a transition-metal surface.9 These systems are electronically complex and very difficult to treat theoretically. Indeed, while the use of quantum chemistry to obtain useful and reliable information about small organic molecules is now routine,11 a very different situation arises in the theoretical description of molecules containing a transition element. This is due to several factors, but the most important is that the extent of electron correlation required for even qualitatively correct results is significantly raised relative to molecules containing only main-group elements. The correlation between the electronic states of a molecule and the states of its constituent atoms has been an important concept in chemistry and physics for many years. For example, we know that if a molecule is composed of atoms that have large energy differences between their various electronic states, the molecule will be characterized by electronic states that are widely spaced, or granular. In the context of the preeminent orbital theory, the Hartree-Fock (HF) theory, this means that the molecular orbitals of molecules formed from these atoms will be widely spaced in energy, and the HF configuration will dominate the wave function around equilibrium. This is, of course, the reason the HF theory has achieved its unique role as both an interpretive and predictive tool in the chemistry of the firstand second-row, main-group elements. While the situation becomes somewhat flawed as one moves away from equilibrium structures, the conceptual simplicity and interpretability of the orbital picture can be preserved by constructing self-consistent wave functions in which the HF configuration is augmented by one or more configurations. This multiconfiguration, self-consistent field (MCSCF) approach is capable, in principle, of providing a uniform description of the evolution 679 Chem. Rev. 2000, 100, 679−716