LLukas22/scidocs huggingface dataset:
A comparative evaluation of the effects of MMR immunization and mercury doses from thimerosal-containing childhood vaccines on the population prevalence of autism.

BACKGROUND
The purpose of the study was to evaluate the effects of MMR immunization and mercury from thimerosal-containing childhood vaccines on the prevalence of autism.


MATERIAL/METHODS
Evaluations of the Biological Surveillance Summaries of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), the U.S. Department of Education datasets, and the CDC's yearly live birth estimates were undertaken


RESULTS
It was determined that there was a close correlation between mercury doses from thimerosal--containing childhood vaccines and the prevalence of autism from the late 1980s through the mid-1990s. In contrast, there was a potential correlation between the number of primary pediatric measles-containing vaccines administered and the prevalence of autism during the 1980s. In addition, it was found that there were statistically significant odds ratios for the development of autism following increasing doses of mercury from thimerosal-containing vaccines (birth cohorts: 1985 and 1990-1995) in comparison to a baseline measurement (birth cohort: 1984). The contribution of thimerosal from childhood vaccines (>50% effect) was greater than MMR vaccine on the prevalence of autism observed in this study.


CONCLUSIONS
The results of this study agree with a number of previously published studies. These studies have shown that there is biological plausibility and epidemiological evidence showing a direct relationship between increasing doses of mercury from thimerosal-containing vaccines and neurodevelopmental disorders, and measles-containing vaccines and serious neurological disorders. It is recommended that thimerosal be removed from all vaccines, and additional research be undertaken to produce a MMR vaccine with an improved safety profile.
Contain This , Unleashing Docker for HPC

Containers are a lightweight virtualization method for running multiple isolated Linux systems under a common host operating system. Container-based computing is revolutionizing the way applications are developed and deployed. A new ecosystem has emerged around the Docker platform to enable container based computing. However, this revolution has yet to reach the HPC community. In this paper, we provide background on Linux Containers and Docker, and how they can be of value to the scientific and HPC community. We will explain some of the use cases that motivate the need for user defined images and the uses of Docker. We will describe early work in deploying and integrating Docker into an HPC environment, and some of the pitfalls and challenges we encountered. We will discuss some of the security implications of using Docker and how we have addressed those for a shared user system typical of HPC centers. We will also provide performance measurements to illustrate the low overhead of containers. While our early work has been on cluster-based/CS-series systems, we will describe some preliminary assessment of supporting Docker on Cray XC series supercomputers, and a potential partnership with Cray to explore the feasibility and approaches to using Docker on large systems. Keywords-Docker; User Defined Images; containers; HPC systems
Reproducibility of ultrasound-derived muscle thickness and echo-intensity for the entire quadriceps femoris muscle.

INTRODUCTION
Muscle thickness (MT) and muscle echo-intensity (EI) allow the study of skeletal muscle adaptive changes with ultrasound. This study investigates the intra- and inter-session reliability and agreement of MT and EI measurements for each of the four heads of the quadriceps femoris in transverse and longitudinal scans, using two sizes for the region of interest (ROI); EI measurements only.


METHODS
Three B-mode images from two views were acquired from each head of quadriceps femoris from twenty participants (10 females) in two sessions, 7 days apart. EI was measured using a large and a small ROI. Reliability was examined with the mixed two-way intra-class correlation coefficient (ICC), the standard error of mean (SEM) and the smallest detectable change (SDC). Bland-Altman's plots were used to study agreement.


RESULTS
High to very high inter-session ICC values were found for MT for all muscle heads, particularly for measurements from transverse scans. For EI measurement, ICC values ranged from low to high, with higher ICC values seen with the largest ROI. SDC values ranged between 0.19 and 0.53 cm for MT and between 3.73 and 18.56 arbitrary units (a.u.) for two ROIs. Good agreement existed between MT measurements made in both scans. A small bias and larger 95% limits of agreement were seen for EI measurements collected with the two ROI sizes.


CONCLUSION
Ultrasound measures of MT and EI show moderate to very high reliability. The reliability and agreement of MT and EI measurements are improved in transverse scans and with larger ROIs.
Biomechanical effects of humeral neck-shaft angle and subscapularis integrity in reverse total shoulder arthroplasty.

BACKGROUND
The variability in functional outcomes and the occurrence of scapular notching and instability after reverse total shoulder arthroplasty remain problems. The objectives of this study were to measure the effect of reverse humeral component neck-shaft angle on impingement-free range of motion, abduction moment, and anterior dislocation force and to evaluate the effect of subscapularis loading on dislocation force.


METHODS
Six cadaveric shoulders were tested with 155°, 145°, and 135° reverse shoulder humeral neck-shaft angles. The adduction angle at which bone contact occurred and the internal and external rotational impingement-free range of motion angles were measured. Glenohumeral abduction moment was measured at 0° and 30° of abduction, and anterior dislocation forces were measured at 30° of internal rotation, 0°, and 30° of external rotation with and without subscapularis loading.


RESULTS
Adduction deficit angles for 155°, 145°, and 135° neck-shaft angle were 2° ± 5° of abduction, 7° ± 4° of adduction, and 12° ± 2° of adduction (P < .05). Impingement-free angles of humeral rotation and abduction moments were not statistically different between the neck-shaft angles. The anterior dislocation force was significantly higher for the 135° neck-shaft angle at 30° of external rotation and significantly higher for the 155° neck-shaft angle at 30° of internal rotation (P < .01). The anterior dislocation forces were significantly higher when the subscapularis was loaded (P < .01).


CONCLUSIONS
The 155° neck-shaft angle was more prone to scapular bone contact during adduction but was more stable at the internally rotated position, which was the least stable humeral rotation position. Subscapularis loading gave further anterior stability with all neck-shaft angles at all positions.
SNAIL gateway: Dual-mode wireless access points for WiFi and IP-based wireless sensor networks in the internet of things

One of the important challenges in the Internet of Things (IoT) is how to acquire the physical context of things. IP-based wireless sensor networks (IP-WSNs) could be a promising approach to collecting the physical context of things and to integrating WSNs to the Internet. However, realizing IP-WSNs in IoT exposes two major challenges. One is how to embed the Internet Protocol (IP) in resource-constrained sensor nodes. The other is how to achieve real-world deployment of WSNs and its integration with the Internet on the fly and on the cheap. In this paper, we present the SNAIL (Sensor Networks for All-IP World) project and introduce a new type of IP-WSN gateway, which supports dual wireless access points for WiFi and IP-WSN, enabling deployment of SNAIL nodes in an easy and rapid manner as for the solution. To show the proof-of-concept, we implement a new SNAIL platform from tiny sensor nodes to a gateway.
Adopting Cell Phones in EFL Teaching and Learning

Though Mobile Learning (ML) has a brief history of no more than four decades, the medium is developing rapidly with the upgrading of different mobile devices. Among all the devices, cell phones have great potential in language teaching and learning. This article explores the different devices especially cell phone use in ML. The paper also reviews teaching and learning of English as a Foreign Language (EFL) in China and discusses potential applications of cell phones in Chinese EFL teaching and learning.
Multi Agent Based Simulation: Beyond Social Simulation

Multi Agent Based Simulation (MABS) has been used mostly in purely social contexts. However, compared to other approaches, e.g., traditional discrete event simulation, object-oriented simulation and dynamic micro simulation, MABS has a number of interesting properties which makes it useful also for other domains. For instance, it supports structure preserving modeling of the simulated reality, simulation of pro-active behavior, parallel computations, and very dynamic simulation scenarios. It is argued that MABS is a useful technique for simulating scenarios also in more technical domains. In particular, this hold for the simulation of technical systems that are distributed and involve complex interaction between humans and machines. To illustrate the advantages of MABS, an application concerning the monitoring and control of intelligent buildings is described.
English Historical Continuity and the Culture of Capitalism: the Work of Alan Macfarlane

This paper was published as History Workshop Journal, 1989, 27 (1), pp. 154-164. It is available from http://hwj.oxfordjournals.org/content/vol27/issue1/index.dtl. Doi: 10.1093/hwj/27.1.154
The rural and regional ambulance paramedic : moving beyond emergency response.

Serious long-term recruitment and retention problems among rural health workers in Australia have contributed to inequitable health service access for rural Australians. In response new health care models with flexible workforce roles are emerging, including expanded-scope paramedic roles. Objective This research project addressed the need to develop more flexible and integrated services to improve rural Australians’ health outcomes with a primary focus on the role of ambulance service personnel. The principal objective was to identify Australian and international trends in the evolving role of ambulance paramedics and to determine the key characteristics, roles and expected outcomes for an Expanded Scope of Practice (ESP) that are desirable, feasible and acceptable to key stakeholders. Research design Multiple case study methodology involving partner investigators and ambulance professionals as research associates. This study of ambulance practice was set in rural Tasmania, New South Wales, South Australia and Victoria innovative models of rural ambulance practice are evolving. Findings Paramedics are increasingly becoming first line primary health care providers in many small rural communities as the provision of other health care services contract. Within these emerging ESP models, paramedics are developing professional responsibilities throughout the cycle of care, through: • more active community involvement and support; • expansion of their capacity to work in partnership with other health providers in institutional settings or as part of the primary health system; and • the development of broader scopes of practice for paramedics in response to changes in technology, education and the ongoing shortage of other health professionals. Conclusions This research project has reviewed and analysed the emerging roles of paramedics in rural and regional areas. Its outcomes have the potential to set strategic directions for an ESP paramedic role for rural ambulance services in Australia. Expanding ambulance paramedics’ scope of practice offers the potential to improve patient care and the general health of the community. The industry partnership approach between ambulance authorities and universities has increased the research capacity of Australian pre-hospital services. The findings and recommendations are consistent with the general thrust of the recent Productivity Commission report on health workforce issues that emphasised the importance of designing and operating services that are both effective and efficient.
Global Banks and International Shock Transmission: Evidence from the Crisis

Global banks played a significant role in transmitting the 2007-09 financial crisis to emerging-market economies. We examine adverse liquidity shocks on main developedcountry banking systems and their relationships to emerging markets across Europe, Asia, and Latin America, isolating loan supply from loan demand effects. Loan supply in emerging markets across Europe, Asia, and Latin America was affected significantly through three separate channels: 1) a contraction in direct, cross-border lending by foreign banks; 2) a contraction in local lending by foreign banks’ affiliates in emerging markets; and 3) a contraction in loan supply by domestic banks, resulting from the funding shock to their balance sheets induced by the decline in interbank, cross-border lending. Policy interventions, such as the Vienna Initiative introduced in Europe, influenced the lendingchannel effects on emerging markets of shocks to head-office balance sheets.
Adaptation of the RAQoL for use in Australia

Quality of life is an important patient-reported outcome of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) in addition to structural and functional outcomes. The RAQoL (Rheumatoid Arthritis Quality of Life questionnaire) was developed in the UK and the Netherlands as a disease-specific tool. It was adapted for use in the Australian social context and the reliability and validity was tested. A lay panel assessed the UK version and adapted the wording for use within Australia. Reliability and validity were assessed by a postal survey of the RAQoL and comparator questionnaires to 100 patients with RA. The RAQoL was easily adapted into Australian-English. Test–retest reliability was high with a Spearman rank correlation coefficient of 0.93. RAQoL scores correlated well with patient-perceived disease activity and severity—indicating good validity. The Australian version of the RAQoL is a valid and reliable tool for the assessment of quality of life. It is practical, easy to administer and has good potential for use in clinical settings and trials in Australia.
A Novel Design of a Low Cost Wideband Wilkinson Power Divider

Abstract—This paper presents analysis and design of a wideband Wilkinson power divider for wireless applications. The design is accomplished by transforming the lengths and impedances of the quarter wavelength sections of the conventional Wilkinson power divider into U-shaped sections. The designed power divider is simulated by using ADS Agilent technologies and CST microwave studio software. It is shown that the proposed power divider has simple topology and good performances in terms of insertion loss, port matching and isolation at all operating frequencies (1.8 GHz, 2.45 GHz and 3.55 GHz).
GPS & GLONASS Mass-Market Receivers: Positioning Performances and Peculiarities

Over the last twenty years, positioning with low cost Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) sensors have rapidly developed around the world at both a commercial and academic research level. For many years these instruments have only acquired the GPS constellation but are now able to track the Global'naja Navigacionnaja Sputnikovaja Sistema (GLONASS) constellation. This characteristic is very interesting, especially if used in hard-urban environments or in hard conditions where satellite visibility is low. The goal of this research is to investigate the contribution of the GLONASS constellation for mass-market receivers in order to analyse the performance in real time (Network Real Time Kinematic-NRTK positioning) with post-processing approaches. Under these conditions, it is possible to confirm that mass-market sensors could be a valid alternative to a more expensive receiver for a large number of surveying applications, but with low cost hardware the contribution of the GLONASS constellation for fixing ambiguities is useless, if not dangerous.
Intellectual property and traditional law

The following article discusses field work in the Torres Straits Islands. The discussion is meant to give voice to the Torres Strait Islanders and how they see the problem. It is not meant to represent a hard and fast way of resolving the issues that plague most Indigenous groups, but rather to offer a process of how an Indigenous group is educating its people as well as declaring its rights to control its own intellectual property with their own traditional legal system.
A phase I schedule dependency study of the aurora kinase inhibitor MSC1992371A in combination with gemcitabine in patients with solid tumors

Introduction MSC1992371A is an aurora kinase inhibitor with potential antitumor activity. Methods This trial established the maximum tolerated dose (MTD) and dose-limiting toxicities (DLTs) of oral MSC1992371A given before or after gemcitabine (1,000 mg/m2) in a 21-day cycle in patients with advanced malignancies. In schedule 1 (n = 31), gemcitabine was administered on days 1 and 8 followed by escalating doses of MSC1992371A on days 2 and 9. In schedule 2 (n = 35), MSC1992371A was given on days 1 and 8 followed by gemcitabine on days 2 and 9. Patients had a range of solid tumors, the most frequent of which was colorectal (n = 19). Results In both schedules, the 37 mg/m2 dose level was defined as the MTD. The main DLT was grade 4 neutropenia. Adverse events consisted of neutropenia, thrombocytopenia, asthenia, fatigue, nausea, vomiting, anorexia, and diarrhea. Administration of MSC1992371A prior to gemcitabine had no effect on the metabolism or elimination of gemcitabine. Time to reach maximum plasma concentration and area under the plasma concentration-time curve for MSC1992371A increased proportionally with dose. Exploration of drug-target-related and tumor biomarkers did not identify predictors of biologic activity or response. Two patients (1 with lung carcinoma and 1 with hepatocellular carcinoma) had durable partial responses in schedule 2, and 5 patients had stable disease (SD) lasting 6 − 14 months. Conclusion Oral MSC1992371A can be administered at a MTD of 37 mg/m2 in combination with the standard 1,000 mg/m2 dose of gemcitabine, but hematologic toxicity requires careful monitoring. Preliminary signs of efficacy were indicated by durable responses and SD.
Developments of new anthropomorphic robot hand and its master slave system

This paper presents a newly developed anthropomorphic robot hand called KH Hand type S, which has high potential of dexterous manipulation and displaying hand shape, and its master slave system using the bilateral controller for five-fingers robot hand. The robot hand is improved by reducing the weight, the backlash of transmission, and the friction between gears by using elastic body. Expression of Japanese finger alphabet is shown. In order to demonstrate the dexterous grasping and manipulating an object, the experiment of peg-in-hole task controlled by bilateral controller is shown. These results denote that the KH Hand type S has a high potential to perform dexterous object manipulation like the human hand.
National academy of clinical biochemistry laboratory medicine practice guidelines: recommendations for the use of laboratory tests to support poisoned patients who present to the emergency department.

BACKGROUND
Exposure to drugs and toxins is a major cause for patients' visits to the emergency department (ED).


METHODS
Recommendations for the use of clinical laboratory tests were prepared by an expert panel of analytical toxicologists and ED physicians specializing in clinical toxicology. These recommendations were posted on the world wide web and presented in open forum at several clinical chemistry and clinical toxicology meetings.


RESULTS
A menu of important stat serum and urine toxicology tests was prepared for clinical laboratories who provide clinical toxicology services. For drugs-of-abuse intoxication, most ED physicians do not rely on results of urine drug testing for emergent management decisions. This is in part because immunoassays, although rapid, have limitations in sensitivity and specificity and chromatographic assays, which are more definitive, are more labor-intensive. Ethyl alcohol is widely tested in the ED, and breath testing is a convenient procedure. Determinations made within the ED, however, require oversight by the clinical laboratory. Testing for toxic alcohols is needed, but rapid commercial assays are not available. The laboratory must provide stat assays for acetaminophen, salicylates, co-oximetry, cholinesterase, iron, and some therapeutic drugs, such as lithium and digoxin. Exposure to other heavy metals requires laboratory support for specimen collection but not for emergent testing.


CONCLUSIONS
Improvements are needed for immunoassays, particularly for amphetamines, benzodiazepines, opioids, and tricyclic antidepressants. Assays for new drugs of abuse must also be developed to meet changing abuse patterns. As no clinical laboratory can provide services to meet all needs, the National Academy of Clinical Biochemistry Committee recommends establishment of regional centers for specialized toxicology testing.
Art and the Brand: The Role of Visual Art in Enhancing Brand Extendibility

We investigate a tool, namely visual art, which enables firms to increase the extendibility of their brands. Extant research proposes that successful brand extensions depend on favorable brand image and high perceived fit between the brand and the extension category. We propose that the presence of art has a positive influence on brand image (via a transfer of luxury perceptions from art onto the brand) and enhances perceived fit (via increased cognitive flexibility), resulting in more favorable brand extension evaluations. A pilot study and two experiments demonstrate that the presence of visual art favorably influences brand image perceptions and enhances perceptions of category fit. Mediation analysis reveals that together these factors explain the influence of visual art on brand extendibility. © 2008 Society for Consumer Psychology. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. Art and the brand: the role of visual art in enhancing brand extendibility Understanding consumers' evaluation of brand extensions is of critical importance to marketing practitioners and academics alike. Consequently, a great deal of research in marketing has been conducted to enhance this understanding. Much of the extant literature focuses on how consumers evaluate brand extensions and the product categories to which a given brand may successfully extend (Aaker & Keller, 1990; Hou, 2003). Other research has focused on how a firm can improve its ability to successfully introduce brand extensions in general, within any desired category (Barone, Miniard, & Romeo, 2000). The current research contributes to this ongoing stream by demonstrating the influence of visual art on the extendibility of a brand. Prior research has found that consumer evaluations of brand extensions are based on two key factors: 1) the perceived ⁎ Corresponding author. 132 Brooks Hall, Terry College of Business, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA. E-mail addresses: henrik@uga.edu (H. Hagtvedt), vpatrick@terry.uga.edu (V.M. Patrick). 1 Both authors contributed equally to this research. They would like to thank Nicole Patrick and Colin Heacock for their help in creating some of the stimuli used in this paper, the editor and reviewers for thoughtful guidance, and John Mowen, Piyush Kumar, and Srinivas Reddy for their comments and suggestions on an earlier draft of this paper. 2 127 Brooks Hall, Terry College of Business, University of Georgia, Athens,