LLukas22/scidocs huggingface dataset:
Tangible bits: beyond pixels

Tangible user interfaces (TUIs) provide physical form to digital information and computation, facilitating the direct manipulation of bits. Our goal in TUI development is to empower collaboration, learning, and design by using digital technology and at the same time taking advantage of human abilities to grasp and manipulate physical objects and materials. This paper discusses a model of TUI, key properties, genres, applications, and summarizes the contributions made by the Tangible Media Group and other researchers since the publication of the first Tangible Bits paper at CHI 1997. http://tangible.media.mit.edu/
Safety assessment of nonbrowning potatoes: opening the discussion about the relevance of substantial equivalence on next generation biotech crops.

It is expected that the next generation of biotech crops displaying enhanced quality traits with benefits to both farmers and consumers will have a better acceptance than first generation biotech crops and will improve public perception of genetic engineering. This will only be true if they are proven to be as safe as traditionally bred crops. In contrast with the first generation of biotech crops where only a single trait is modified, the next generation of biotech crops will add a new level of complexity inherent to the mechanisms underlying their output traits. In this study, a comprehensive evaluation of the comparative safety approach on a quality-improved biotech crop with metabolic modifications is presented. Three genetically engineered potato lines with silenced polyphenol oxidase (Ppo) transcripts and reduced tuber browning were characterized at both physiological and molecular levels and showed to be equivalent to wild-type (WT) plants when yield-associated traits and photosynthesis were evaluated. Analysis of the primary metabolism revealed several unintended metabolic modifications in the engineered tubers, providing evidence for potential compositional inequivalence between transgenic lines and WT controls. The silencing construct sequence was in silico analysed for potential allergenic cross-reactivity, and no similarities to known allergenic proteins were identified. Moreover, in vivo intake safety evaluation showed no adverse effects in physiological parameters. Taken together, these results provide the first evidence supporting that the safety of next generation biotech crops can be properly assessed following the current evaluation criterion, even if the transgenic and WT crops are not substantially equivalent.
Advanced glycation endproducts and their receptor in different body compartments in COPD.

BACKGROUND
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a chronic lung disease characterized by chronic airway inflammation and emphysema, and is caused by exposure to noxious particles or gases, e.g. cigarette smoke. Smoking and oxidative stress lead to accelerated formation and accumulation of advanced glycation end products (AGEs), causing local tissue damage either directly or by binding the receptor for AGEs (RAGE). This study assessed the association of AGEs or RAGE in plasma, sputum, bronchial biopsies and skin with COPD and lung function, and their variance between these body compartments.


METHODS
Healthy smoking and never-smoking controls (n = 191) and COPD patients (n = 97, GOLD stage I-IV) were included. Autofluorescence (SAF) was measured in the skin, AGEs (pentosidine, CML and CEL) and sRAGE in blood and sputum by ELISA, and in bronchial biopsies by immunohistochemistry. eQTL analysis was performed in bronchial biopsies.


RESULTS
COPD patients showed higher SAF values and lower plasma sRAGE levels compared to controls and these values associated with decreased lung function (p <0.001; adjusting for relevant covariates). Lower plasma sRAGE levels significantly and independently predicted higher SAF values (p < 0.001). One SNP (rs2071278) was identified within a region of 50 kB flanking the AGER gene, which was associated with the gene and protein expression levels of AGER and another SNP (rs2071278) which was associated with the accumulation of AGEs in the skin.


CONCLUSION
In COPD, AGEs accumulate differentially in body compartments, i.e. they accumulate in the skin, but not in plasma, sputum and bronchial biopsies. The association between lower sRAGE and higher SAF levels supports the hypothesis that the protective mechanism of sRAGE as a decoy-receptor is impaired in COPD.
The performance of universal encoding

iI31 --; “The accuracy of radar angle measurements,” Hughes Aircraft Comoanv. Tech. Reo. IDC 2764/63. Auz. 13. 1973. -; “Monopulse accuracy-scintillatingvtargets,” Hughes Aircraft Company, Tech. Rep. IDC 2241/S, Feb. II, 1974. R. A. Dibos, Nonlinear mapping of MLE angle information,” Hughes Aircraft Company, Tech. Rep. IDC 23 12.00/l 84, Mar. 1978. E. M. Hofstetter and D. F. Delong, Jr., “Detection and parameter estimation in an amplitude comparison monopulse radar,” IEEE Truns. Inform. Theory, vol. IT-15, pp 22-30, Jan. 1969. A. M. Kagan and V. V. Pits, “An invariant detection of signal by a monopulse radar receiver,” Radio Eng. Electron. Phys., vol. 21, no. 11, pp 42-46, 1976. A. K. Zhuravlev and N. A. Suslov, “Statistical characteristics of signals at the output of the receiving equipment of a monopulse aoniometer.” Rodio Ena. Electron. Phvs.. vol. 14. no. 12. vv 1945i948, 1969. __
A tail inequality for quadratic forms of subgaussian random vectors

This article proves an exponential probability tail inequality for positive semidefinite quadratic forms in a subgaussian random vector. The bound is analogous to one that holds when the vector has independent Gaussian entries.
Improved Photocurrent in Cu(In,Ga)Se2 Solar Cells: From 20.8% to 21.7% Efficiency with CdS Buffer and 21.0% Cd-Free

New processing developments in the Cu(In,Ga)Se2 (CIGS)-based solar cell technology have enabled best cell efficiencies to exceed 21%. The key innovation involves the alkali post-deposition treatment (PDT) of the CIGS film. Furthermore, the range of optimal CIGS growth parameters and the minimal thickness of the CdS buffer layer is affected by the process modifications. In 2013, we reported a 20.8% record device with PDT. Later optimizations, e.g., in the composition profile and CdS buffer layer thickness as discussed in this study, enabled us to increase the photocurrent density with only a slight loss in open-circuit voltage and unchanged fill factor, resulting in the current world record of 21.7% efficiency. Furthermore, a record efficiency of 21.0% could be achieved with a Cd-free Zn(O,S) buffer layer. This contribution presents measurements, simulations, and a discussion of the photocurrent increase.
Nearly a third of abnormalities found after first-trimester screening are different than expected: 10-year experience from a single center.

OBJECTIVE
This study aimed to assess the efficacy of first-trimester aneuploidy screening in a single clinical setting.


METHODS
Maternal age, nuchal translucency, and maternal serum levels of pregnancy-associated plasma protein A and free beta human chorionic gonadotrophin comprised first-trimester risk assessment for Down syndrome and trisomies 13/18. Means, screen positive rates, detection rates, and predictive values were calculated for Down syndrome and trisomies 13/18.


RESULTS
Of the 23 329 first-trimester screenings, 6.3% were screen positive: 5.7% for Down syndrome only, 0.4% for trisomies 13/18 only, and 0.3% for Down syndrome and trisomies 13/18. An abnormal karyotype was present in 3.9% of screen positives for Down syndrome, 13.8% of screen positives for trisomies 13/18, and 45.9% of screen positives for both Down syndrome and trisomies 13/18. Of the 97 pregnancies found to have an abnormal karyotype, 29.9% had chromosome abnormalities other than trisomy 13, 18, or 21, with expected clinical outcomes ranging from likely benign to uniformly lethal.


CONCLUSION
As expected, first-trimester screening is effective for detecting aneuploidy for chromosomes 13, 18, and 21; however, a significant number of chromosomally abnormal pregnancies initially identified by first-trimester screening have a different karyotype. With the possible exception of 47,XYY and 45,X, the dataset suggested that these different chromosome complements were likely to be randomly distributed. Nevertheless, prior to diagnostic testing, prospective parents should be counseled concerning the possibility of a chromosome abnormality other than the trisomies 13, 18, or 21.
A framework to support the evaluation, adoption and improvement of agile methods in practice

Agile methods are often seen as providing ways to avoid overheads typically perceived as being imposed by traditional software development environments. However, few organizations are psychologically or technically able to take on an agile approach rapidly and effectively. Here, we describe a number of approaches to assist in such a transition. The Agile Software Solution Framework (ASSF) provides an overall context for the exploration of agile methods, knowledge and governance and contains an Agile Toolkit for quantifying part of the agile process. These link to the business aspects of software development so that the business value and agile process are well aligned. Finally, we describe how these theories are applied in practice with two industry case studies using the Agile Adoption and Improvement Model (AAIM). 2008 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
Dance/Movement Therapy (D/MT) for depression: A scoping review

Depression affects 121 million people worldwide (WHO 2010). The socio-economic repercussions of depression are putting an enormous strain on UK and US governmental health budgets. This scoping review is thus timely as it aims to map the field of D/MT for depression. Evidence suggests that D/MT and other art therapies are widely practiced around the world, however there is limited quantative evidence, and no systematic reviews that support the effectiveness of D/MT for people with a diagnosis of depression A large body of knowledge exists which relates to exercise and its effect on mood followed closely by the positive social-cultural influence of dance on a person’s well being. Methodology consisted of an extensive search to best answer the question; is there good quality research evidence available regarding the effectiveness of D/MT and related fields for treatment of depression? A search strategy was developed to locate publications from electronic databases, websites, arts therapies organizations and associations A total of nine studies were found. Their quality has been evaluated using broad criteria of quality such as the presence or absence of full randomization. Six studies followed a randomized controlled trial design, and three adopted a non randomized design. At least one study met most criteria of quality. We conclude the need for a full systematic review of the literature through completing a Cochrane Review (title accepted). 1 In the UK and since 2008, the discipline is known as ‘dance movement psychotherapy’ and practitioners call themselves dance movement psychotherapists. For the purposes of this article the USA term ‘dance/movement therapy’ and its acronym ‘D/MT’ will be used throughout, while practitioners will be referred to as ‘dance/movement therapists’. *Manuscript without author identifiers Click here to view linked References
Kinetics of enzyme inhibition by active molluscicidal agents ferulic acid, umbelliferone, eugenol and limonene in the nervous tissue of snail Lymnaea acuminata.

Ferulic acid, umbelliferone (Ferula asafoetida), eugenol (Syzygium aromaticum) and limonene (Carum carvi) are active molluscicidal components that inhibited the activity of alkaline phosphatase and acetylcholinesterase in in vivo and in vitro exposure of Lymnaea acuminata. It was observed that ferulic acid, umbelliferone and eugenol are competitive and limonene is a competitive-non-competitive inhibitor of alkaline phosphatase. Ferulic acid and umbelliferone are competitive, whereas eugenol and limonene are competitive-non-competitive and uncompetitive inhibitors of acetylcholinesterase, respectively.
IPython: A System for Interactive Scientific Computing

Python offers basic facilities for interactive work and a comprehensive library on top of which more sophisticated systems can be built. The IPython project provides on enhanced interactive environment that includes, among other features, support for data visualization and facilities for distributed and parallel computation
Therapeutic hypothermia after pediatric cardiac arrest trials: the vanguard phase experience and implications for other trials.

OBJECTIVE
To determine whether an 18-month vanguard phase, in the Therapeutic Hypothermia after Pediatric Cardiac Arrest trials, confirmed study feasibility and patient safety, a prerequisite to continued funding by the sponsor.


DESIGN
Randomized controlled trial.


SETTING
Pediatric intensive care and pediatric cardiac care units in 15 clinical sites in the United States and Canada.


PATIENTS
Children aged 48 hrs to 18 yrs of age, with return of circulation after cardiac arrest.


INTERVENTIONS
Therapeutic hypothermia vs. therapeutic normothermia.


MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS
The first 15 of 20 potential sites to obtain Institutional Review Board and subcontract approvals were selected as vanguard sites. Institutional Review Board approvals were obtained 92 days (median, interquartile range 65-114) and subcontracts signed 34 days (interquartile range 20-48) after distribution. Sites screened subjects at 13 days (interquartile range 9-21) and enrolled the first subjects 64 days (interquartile range 13-154) after study launch. The recruitment milestone was reached 4 months ahead of schedule, with no safety concerns identified. Overall recruitment in this ongoing trial remains on target.


CONCLUSIONS
The Therapeutic Hypothermia after Pediatric Cardiac Arrest vanguard phase proved beneficial for the investigators and funding agency. Because complex multicenter trials are rarely ready to launch when grant funds are received, the vanguard allowed time to refine the protocol and recruitment approaches. Competition for vanguard positions led to expedient Institutional Review Board and subcontract completion. Early success and sustained momentum contributed to recruitment at or above goals. Financial risks to the sponsor were minimized by tying funding for the full trial to achieving prespecified milestones. A vanguard phase may be a desirable strategy for the successful conduct of other complex clinical trials.
Remote ischemic preconditioning and endothelial function in patients with acute myocardial infarction and primary PCI.

BACKGROUND
Remote ischemic preconditioning by transient limb ischemia reduces myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury in patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention. The aim of the study we report here was to assess the effect of remote ischemic preconditioning on endothelial function in patients with acute myocardial infarction who underwent primary percutaneous coronary intervention.


METHODS
Forty-eight patients with acute myocardial infarction were enrolled. All participants were randomly divided into 2 groups. In Group I (n = 23), remote ischemic preconditioning was performed before primary percutaneous coronary intervention (intermittent arm ischemia-reperfusion through 4 cycles of 5-minute inflation and 5-minute deflation of a blood-pressure cuff to 200 mm Hg). In Group II (n = 25), standard percutaneous coronary intervention without preconditioning was performed. We assessed endothelial function using the flow-mediated dilation test on baseline, then within 1-3 hours after percutaneous coronary intervention, and again on days 2 and 7 after percutaneous coronary intervention.


RESULTS
The brachial artery flow-mediated dilation results were significantly higher on the first day after primary percutaneous coronary intervention in the preconditioning group (Group I) than in the control group (Group II) (12.1% vs 0.0%, P = .03, and 11.1% vs 6.3%, P = .016, respectively), and this difference remained on the seventh day (12.3% vs 7.4%, P = .0005, respectively).


CONCLUSION
We demonstrated for the first time that remote ischemic preconditioning before primary percutaneous coronary intervention significantly improves endothelial function in patients with acute myocardial infarction, and this effect remains constant for at least a week. We suppose that the improvement of endothelial function may be one of the possible explanations of the effect of remote ischemic preconditioning.
Determinants of end-user acceptance of biometrics: Integrating the "Big 3" of technology acceptance with privacy context

The information systems (IS) literature has long emphasized the importance of user acceptance of computer-based IS. Evaluating the determinants of acceptance of information technology (IT) is vital to address the problem of underutilization and leverage the benefits of IT investments, especially for more radical technologies. This study examines individual acceptance of biometric identification techniques in a voluntary environment, measuring the intention to accept and further recommend the technology resulting from a carefully selected set of variables. Drawing on elements of technology acceptance model (TAM), diffusion of innovations (DOI) and unified theory of acceptance and use of technology (UTAUT) along with the trust-privacy research field, we propose an integrated approach that is both theoretically and empirically grounded. By testing some of the most relevant and welltested elements from previous models along with new antecedents to biometric system adoption, this study produces results which are both sturdy and innovative. We first confirm the influence of renowned technology acceptance variables such as compatibility, perceived usefulness, facilitating conditions on biometrics systems acceptance and further recommendation. Second, prior factors such as concern for privacy, trust in the technology, and innovativeness also prove to have an influence. Third, unless innovativeness, the most important drivers to explain biometrics acceptance and recommendation are not from the traditional adoption models (TAM, DOI, and UTAUT) but from the trust and privacy literature (trust in technology and perceived risk).
Database-friendly random projections: Johnson-Lindenstrauss with binary coins

A classic result of Johnson and Lindenstrauss asserts that any set of n points in d-dimensional Euclidean space can be embedded into k-dimensional Euclidean space—where k is logarithmic in n and independent of d—so that all pairwise distances are maintained within an arbitrarily small factor. All known constructions of such embeddings involve projecting the n points onto a spherically random k-dimensional hyperplane through the origin. We give two constructions of such embeddings with the property that all elements of the projection matrix belong in f 1; 0;þ1g: Such constructions are particularly well suited for database environments, as the computation of the embedding reduces to evaluating a single aggregate over k random partitions of the attributes. r 2003 Elsevier Science (USA). All rights reserved.
Picasso : the Communist years

An exploration of Pablo Picasso's political commitment, his motivations to join the French Communist Party, and his contribution as an active member. The author assesses the impact that communism had on the artist's life and examines how Picasso's political beliefs affected his art.
Assessing the relevance of neighbourhood characteristics to the household food security of low-income Toronto families.

OBJECTIVE
Although the sociodemographic characteristics of food-insecure households have been well documented, there has been little examination of neighbourhood characteristics in relation to this problem. In the present study we examined the association between household food security and neighbourhood features including geographic food access and perceived neighbourhood social capital.


DESIGN
Cross-sectional survey and mapping of discount supermarkets and community food programmes.


SETTING
Twelve high-poverty neighbourhoods in Toronto, Ontario, Canada.


SUBJECTS
Respondents from 484 low-income families who had children and who lived in rental accommodations.


RESULTS
Food insecurity was pervasive, affecting two-thirds of families with about a quarter categorized as severely food insecure, indicative of food deprivation. Food insecurity was associated with household factors including income and income source. However, food security did not appear to be mitigated by proximity to food retail or community food programmes, and high rates of food insecurity were observed in neighbourhoods with good geographic food access. While low perceived neighbourhood social capital was associated with higher odds of food insecurity, this effect did not persist once we accounted for household sociodemographic factors.


CONCLUSIONS
Our findings raise questions about the extent to which neighbourhood-level interventions to improve factors such as food access or social cohesion can mitigate problems of food insecurity that are rooted in resource constraints. In contrast, the results reinforce the importance of household-level characteristics and highlight the need for interventions to address the financial constraints that underlie problems of food insecurity.
Physics of the linear collider

This presentation intends to illustrate the specific capabilities of an e$^+$e$^-$ sub-TeV collider to provide answers on the basic issues in physics: origin of mass, hierarchy of masses, cosmological problems. Some foreseeable scenarios are discussed with a possible synergy with LHC.
Use of OM-85 BV in children suffering from recurrent respiratory tract infections and subnormal IgG subclass levels.

BACKGROUND
Recurrent acute respiratory tract infections (RARTIs) in children are related to IgG subclass deficiencies. The aim of the trial was to evaluate the effect of OM-85 BV in the number of RARTIs as well as in the IgG subclass levels.


METHODS
This was a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial. Patients of ages three to six years, having three or more documented ARTIs during the last six months with subnormal IgG subclass levels were included. Patients took either one capsule of OM-85 BV (3.5 mg) or placebo orally every day for ten consecutive days per month during three consecutive months. Patients were followed three further months without drug intake. IgG subclass levels were determined before and after treatment.


RESULTS
IgG4 levels diminished after the OM-85 BV treatment (-3 [-8.0, -1.0] median difference [95 % CI] p < 0.05 by Wilcoxon test). No other significant changes in IgG subclasses were observed. After six months the patients in the OM-85 BV group (n = 20) experienced 2.8 1.4 (mean SD) ARTIs, while the patients in the placebo group (n = 20) suffered 5.2 1.5 ARTIs (-2.4 [3.3, -1.5] mean difference [95 % CI] p < 0.001 by Student's t test). Three patients with OM-85 BV had gastrointestinal events related to drug administration, as well as three placebo patients.


CONCLUSION
This study demonstrated the clinical benefit of OM-85 BV in patients suffering from RARTIs and subnormal levels of IgG subclasses. This trial opens new perspectives in the research of the mechanism of action of OM-85 BV.
Futur Antérieur of Yugoslav Cinema, or, Why Emir Kusturica’s Legacy is Worth Fighting for

Drawing on visual materials (film, art, graffiti, street-art, public advertisement, memorials), the essays of this collection offer detailed views on the cultural and political dynamics that preceded and emerged in the wake of the Yugoslav conflicts of the 1990s.