LLukas22/scidocs huggingface dataset:
Target’s Earnings Quality and Bidders’ Takeover Decisions

This study examines how takeover decisions are influenced by the quality of information in target firms’ earnings. We find that bidders are more likely to prefer negotiations in deals involving targets with poor earnings quality. Moreover, in such deals, earnings quality and takeover premiums are negatively related, suggesting that bidders obtain valuable private information through negotiations. Furthermore, bidders share information risk with target shareholders by paying with more equity for targets with poor earnings quality. The results are generally stronger for private bidders than for public bidders, suggesting that private and public bidders respond differently to information risks in takeovers.
DeFT : A conceptual framework for considering learning with multiple representations

Multiple (external) representations can provide unique benefits when people are learning complex new ideas. Unfortunately, many studies have shown this promise is not always achieved. The DeFT (Design, Functions, Tasks) framework for learning with multiple representations integrates research on learning, the cognitive science of representation and constructivist theories of education. It proposes that the effectiveness of multiple representations can best be understood by considering three fundamental aspects of learning: the design parameters that are unique to learning with multiple representations; the functions that multiple representations serve in supporting learning and the cognitive tasks that must be undertaken by a learner interacting with multiple representations. The utility of this framework is proposed to be in identifying a broad range of factors that influence learning, reconciling inconsistent experimental findings, revealing under-explored areas of multi-representational research and pointing forward to potential design heuristics for learning with multiple representations. 2006 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Effect of fish oil, arginine, and doxorubicin chemotherapy on remission and survival time for dogs with lymphoma: a double-blind, randomized placebo-controlled study.

BACKGROUND
Polyunsaturated n-3 fatty acids have been shown to inhibit the growth and metastasis of tumors. This double-blind, randomized study was designed to evaluate the hypothesis that polyunsaturated n-3 fatty acids can improve metabolic parameters, decrease chemical indices of inflammation, enhance quality of life, and extend disease free interval and survival time for dogs treated for lymphoblastic lymphoma with doxorubicin chemotherapy.


METHODS
Thirty-two dogs with lymphoma were randomized to receive one of two diets supplemented with menhaden fish oil and arginine (experimental diet) or an otherwise identical diet supplemented with soybean oil (control diet). Diets were fed before and after remission was attained with up to five dosages of doxorubicin. Parameters examined included blood concentrations of glucose, lactic acid, and insulin in response to glucose and diet tolerance tests; alpha-1 acid glycoprotein; tumor necrosis factor; interleukin-6; body weight; amino acid profiles; resting energy expenditure; disease free interval (DFI); survival time (ST); and clinical performance scores.


RESULTS
Dogs fed the experimental diet had significantly (P < 0.05) higher mean serum levels of the n-3 fatty acids docosahexaenoic acid (C22:6) and eicosapentaenoic acid (C20:5) compared with controls. Higher serum levels of C22:6 and C20:5 were associated with lesser (P < 0.05) plasma lactic acid responses to intravenous glucose and diet tolerance testing. Increasing C22:6 levels were significantly (P < 0.05) associated with longer DFI and ST for dogs with Stage III lymphoma fed the experimental diet.


CONCLUSIONS
Fatty acids of the n-3 series normalize elevated blood lactic acid in a dose-dependent manner, resulting in an increase in DFI and ST for dogs with lymphoma.
VirAmp: a galaxy-based viral genome assembly pipeline

BACKGROUND
Advances in next generation sequencing make it possible to obtain high-coverage sequence data for large numbers of viral strains in a short time. However, since most bioinformatics tools are developed for command line use, the selection and accessibility of computational tools for genome assembly and variation analysis limits the ability of individual labs to perform further bioinformatics analysis.


FINDINGS
We have developed a multi-step viral genome assembly pipeline named VirAmp, which combines existing tools and techniques and presents them to end users via a web-enabled Galaxy interface. Our pipeline allows users to assemble, analyze, and interpret high coverage viral sequencing data with an ease and efficiency that was not possible previously. Our software makes a large number of genome assembly and related tools available to life scientists and automates the currently recommended best practices into a single, easy to use interface. We tested our pipeline with three different datasets from human herpes simplex virus (HSV).


CONCLUSIONS
VirAmp provides a user-friendly interface and a complete pipeline for viral genome analysis. We make our software available via an Amazon Elastic Cloud disk image that can be easily launched by anyone with an Amazon web service account. A fully functional demonstration instance of our system can be found at http://viramp.com/. We also maintain detailed documentation on each tool and methodology at http://docs.viramp.com.
Study and implementation of a novel bidirectional DC-DC converter with high conversion ratio

A novel bidirectional DC-DC converter with high conversion ratio is proposed in this paper. The proposed converter uses the coupled-inductor to achieve high voltage conversion ratio. In the boost mode, the proposed converter is cascaded by boost converter and flyback converter with voltage double to increase the voltage gain. The switch voltage stress is reduced by a voltage clamping circuit, and the leakage-inductor energy is recycled. In the buck mode, the circuit consists of asymmetrical half-bridge flyback converter and buck converter. The leakage-inductor energy is recycled by a clamping circuit, and all of the switches achieve zero-voltage-switching turn on. This paper first analyzes the proposed converter operating principles and steady-state circuit characteristics. Eventually, a prototype circuit with conversion voltage 24 V/400 V and output power 500 W is implemented to verify the feasibility of the proposed converter.
On the declarative specification of models

C olleagues in my research group and in collaborating institutions typically model software designs using graph-ical tools such as Rational Rose, Together, and Visio. I often witness them toiling to adjust a graph's appearance with the mouse or laboriously visiting each class to change a single field's type. This need not be so. Design models should be composed textually, and graphs should be automatically generated. You might find it perverse to employ two different representations (textual and graphical) for the same underlying model. So, to substantiate my view, I'll outline the advantages of graphical models and describe the benefits gained from directly manipulating a textual representation , illustrating my point using a prototype implementation. Graph-based models No rule specifies that models should appear in a graphical form. A model is a simplification of reality, so a model for a software artifact could really be an outline of that artifact; think of a class definition without code in the method bodies. However, we usually prefer to examine many of our models in a graphical representation: UML employs nine different diagrams for visualizing different perspectives of a system. Using a diagram to represent a model has several advantages. When we examine a model's graphical representation, we use our visual cognitive apparatus, which has millions of years of evolutionary advantage over our text-reading abilities. A diagram's 2D representation is a lot more expressive than text, which readers typically scan from left to right and from top to bottom. We can view diagrams from different directions to gain distinct insights, while using a larger symbol set makes them more expressive. In addition, we can obtain different levels of detail from the same diagram: a bird's-eye view will easily convey a system's structure, while examining a class in detail can reveal its collaborators. Finally, a diagram can let us identify patterns; again, 2D pattern matching is an activity we humans are particularly good at. The drawing-editor approach Designers typically create their model diagrams using a drawing editor. The semantic distance between the editor's graphical model representation and the underlying software artifact can vary enormously. Some tools, such as Visio, are purely drawing aids. Others, such as Rational Rose, offer round-trip engineering (code-to-model and model-to-code generation), while tools such as ArgoUML provide domain-specific advice during design. However, all drawing editors require you to place and manipulate shapes on the canvas, which, regardless of the help that …
The Effect of Social Context on the Success of Knowledge Repository Systems

Knowledge repository systems (KRSs) have gained popularity for enabling knowledge codification and reuse. This paper develops and tests a model of KRS success, including perceived KRS searchability, perceived KRS output quality, perceived usefulness, and user satisfaction, and examines how three aspects of social context (extrinsic rewards, intrinsic rewards, and organizational trust) affect these dimensions of KRS success. Empirical results from a survey of 141 KRS users in China and Singapore indicate that perceived KRS output quality depends on KRS searchability and the social context, perceived usefulness depends on perceived KRS output quality, and user satisfaction depends on perceived KRS output quality and perceived KRS searchability. However, the study provides some surprises: perceived KRS searchability only indirectly (through perceived KRS output quality) affects perceived usefulness, and the social context directly affects only perceived KRS output quality and not perceived usefulness. Our results suggest a four-pronged approach toward enhancing knowledge contribution and reuse in organizations: 1) developing organizational trust; 2) facilitating intrinsic rewards for knowledge contribution, partly through organizational trust; 3) the exercise of caution in the use of extrinsic rewards; and 4) the design of a KRS with a high level of searchability.
Evidence Base for Personal Health Record Usability 1 Final Report to the National Cancer Institute

Three factors are converging to motivate a more consumer-centered approach to health information. Near universal penetration of information technology in homes and work places, strong demands by some patients to have access to their own health information to participate with health care professionals in health care decision making and management, a trend toward an even larger group of consumers and patients to be active participants in decisions about their health and health care and spiraling health care costs are driving development of Personal Health Record (PHR) systems. PHRs generally include information and communication resources specific to an individual’s health and health care. PHRs are gaining widespread attention as they take electronic form and potentially link to medical health records. The complexity of health concepts and terminology and the large number and variety of health conditions makes using PHRs challenging for consumers and, especially so, for those with little computer skill and who have health conditions that limit electronic interactions. As PHRs are disseminated more widely, characteristics of the PHRs themselves may propel consumers and patients toward those that are more user-oriented. The adoption and effectiveness of PHRs will depend as much on systems and user interfaces as on the data in the records.
Adherence to insulin therapeutic regimens in patients with type 1 diabetes. A nationwide survey in Brazil.

AIMS
Determine the relationship between self-reported adherence to insulin therapeutic regimens in Brazilian patients with type 1 diabetes and demographic, clinical data, glycemic control and cardiovascular risk factors.


METHODS
This was a cross-sectional, multicenter study conducted between August 2011 and August 2014 in 10 Brazilian cities. Data were obtained from 1698 patients, aged 30.0±11.90years (55.5% females, 53.6% Caucasians) with a diabetes duration of 15.4±1.9years. Adherence was evaluated using an adapted 4-item Morisky Medication Scale (MMAS) questionnaire.


RESULTS
A total of 166 (9.8%), 717 (42.2%) and 815 (48.0%) of the patients reported maximal (group 0), moderate (group 1) and minimal (group 2) adherence to their insulin therapeutic regimen, respectively. A significant difference in HbA1c was observed in patients from group 2, 9.2±2.2% (77±25mmol/mol) compared to group 1, 8.9±2.0% (74±22mmol/mol) and group 0, 8.6±1.9% (71±21mmol/mol) (p=0.003). A multivariate logistic analysis revealed that the significant independent variables related to higher insulin therapeutic regimen adherence were older age, higher adherence to diet, lower rate of self-reported hypoglycemia in the last month, low economic status and living in the Southeast region. Insulin therapeutic regimens, number of daily insulin injections, self-monitoring of blood glucose, gender, ethnicity and cardiovascular risk factors were not related to adherence.


CONCLUSIONS
Most Brazilian T1D patients did not adhere to their prescribed insulin therapeutic regimen, according to the MMAS 4-item scale. This tool should be initially used to identify non-adherent patients and help them overcome the barriers to adherence to their prescriptions.
Object Detection and Tracking -- A Survey

Object tracking is one of the major fundamental challenging problems in computer vision applications due to difficulties in tracking of objects can arises due to intrinsic and extrinsic factors like deformation, camera motion, motion blur and occlusion. This paper proposes a literature review on several state -- of -- the-art object detection and tracking algorithms in order to reduce the tracking drift.
Automated Syndromic Classifi cation of Chief Complaint Records

yndromic surveillance, a medical surveillance approach that bins data into broadly defi ned syndrome groups, has drawn increasing interest in recent years for the early detection of disease outbreaks for both public health and bioterrorism defense. Emergency department chief complaint records are an attractive data source for syndromic surveillance owing to their timeliness and ready availability in electronic form. As part of the ESSENCE prototype biosurveillance system, APL has developed an automated process for classifying chief complaint data into syndrome groups, thus increasing the feasibility of chief complaint–based surveillance by avoiding laborious manual classifi cation. Preliminary studies indicate positive results in classifying daily chief complaint data feeds from multiple hospital sources.
ATLANTIS trial: results for patients treated within 3 hours of stroke onset. Alteplase Thrombolysis for Acute Noninterventional Therapy in Ischemic Stroke.

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE
Only a single study has demonstrated beneficial effects of intravenous tissue plasminogen activator (tPA) in stroke patients.


METHODS
We evaluated the clinical outcomes of the 61 patients enrolled in the Alteplase Thrombolysis for Acute Noninterventional Therapy in Ischemic Stroke (ATLANTIS) study who were randomized to receive intravenous tPA or placebo within 3 hours of symptom onset.


RESULTS
Despite a significant increase in the rate of symptomatic intracranial hemorrhage, tPA-treated patients were more likely to have a very favorable outcome (score of < or = 1) on the National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale at 90 days (P=0.01).


CONCLUSIONS
These data support current recommendations to administer intravenous tPA to eligible ischemic stroke patients who can be treated within 3 hours of symptom onset.
Creating Autonomous Adaptive Agents in a Real-Time First-Person Shooter Computer Game

Games are good test-beds to evaluate AI methodologies. In recent years, there has been a vast amount of research dealing with real-time computer games other than the traditional board games or card games. This paper illustrates how we create agents by employing FALCON, a self-organizing neural network that performs reinforcement learning, to play a well-known first-person shooter computer game called Unreal Tournament. Rewards used for learning are either obtained from the game environment or estimated using the temporal difference learning scheme. In this way, the agents are able to acquire proper strategies and discover the effectiveness of different weapons without any guidance or intervention. The experimental results show that our agents learn effectively and appropriately from scratch while playing the game in real-time. Moreover, with the previously learned knowledge retained, our agent is able to adapt to a different opponent in a different map within a relatively short period of time.
Biological assessment of Three Beauties of the Gobi National Conservation Park, Mongolia

Three Beauties of the Gobi National Conservation Park was established in south central Mongolia in 1994. We performed a biological assessment of the parks wildlife and other biological/ecological resources from 1995-to assist in conservation management initiatives. Ground and aerial surveys collected data on 130 vertebrate species, several of which are listed as threatened or endangered globally or in Mongolia. We analyzed group structures and estimated population sizes for goitred gazelle (Gazella subgutturosa), Mongolian gazelle (Procapra gutturosa), ibex (Capra sibirica), and argali (Ovis ammon). We report on 20 species previously not reported in the park, including 17 birds, 2 mammals, and 1 reptile. The park is rich in diversity and abundance of raptors, and we observed 29 species of raptors. Several vertebrates appear to be faring better in the park than in other regions of Mongolia or the world. Under a new protected areas law (1994), the Mongolian Protected Areas Bureau is required to establish management zones within the park. Data from this study should be used to facilitate this process.
Synaesthesia, creativity and art: what is the link?

It has been suggested that individuals with synaesthesia may show heightened creativity as a result of being able to form meaningful associations between disparate stimuli (e.g. colour, sound). In this study, a large sample (N=82) of people with various kinds of synaesthesia were given two psychometric tests of creativity (Remote Associates Test, Alternate Uses Test) and were also asked about the amount of time engaged in creative arts (visual art, music). There was a significant tendency for synaesthetes to spend more time engaged in creative arts and this was, at least in part, dependent upon the type of synaesthesia experienced. For example, synaesthetes experiencing vision from music were far more likely to play an instrument than their other synaesthetic counterparts. There was no relationship between this tendency and the psychometric measures of creativity, but synaesthetes did outperform controls on one of the two psychometric measures (Remote Associates). We conclude that the tendency for synaesthetes to be more engaged in art is likely to have a different mechanism to psychometric measures of creativity, and that there is no direct link between them. Although synaesthetes may well perform better on some measures of creativity, we suggest that synaesthetes have better bottom-up access to certain associations, but are not necessarily better able to use them flexibly (in divergent thinking).
Safety and walking ability of KAFO users with the C-Brace® Orthotronic Mobility System, a new microprocessor stance and swing control orthosis

BACKGROUND
There are clear indications for benefits of stance control orthoses compared to locked knee ankle foot orthoses. However, stance control orthoses still have limited function compared with a sound human leg.


OBJECTIVES
The aim of this study was to evaluate the potential benefits of a microprocessor stance and swing control orthosis compared to stance control orthoses and locked knee ankle foot orthoses in activities of daily living.


STUDY DESIGN
Survey of lower limb orthosis users before and after fitting of a microprocessor stance and swing control orthosis.


METHODS
Thirteen patients with various lower limb pareses completed a baseline survey for their current orthotic device (locked knee ankle foot orthosis or stance control orthosis) and a follow-up for the microprocessor stance and swing control orthosis with the Orthosis Evaluation Questionnaire, a new self-reported outcome measure devised by modifying the Prosthesis Evaluation Questionnaire for use in lower limb orthotics and the Activities of Daily Living Questionnaire.


RESULTS
The Orthosis Evaluation Questionnaire results demonstrated significant improvements by microprocessor stance and swing control orthosis use in the total score and the domains of ambulation ( p = .001), paretic limb health ( p = .04), sounds ( p = .02), and well-being ( p = .01). Activities of Daily Living Questionnaire results showed significant improvements with the microprocessor stance and swing control orthosis with regard to perceived safety and difficulty of activities of daily living.


CONCLUSION
The microprocessor stance and swing control orthosis may facilitate an easier, more physiological, and safer execution of many activities of daily living compared to traditional leg orthosis technologies. Clinical relevance This study compared patient-reported outcomes of a microprocessor stance and swing control orthosis (C-Brace) to those with traditional knee ankle foot orthosis and stance control orthosis devices. The C-Brace offers new functions including controlled knee flexion during weight bearing and dynamic swing control, resulting in significant improvements in perceived orthotic mobility and safety.
Algorithms for data warehouse design to enhance decision-making

On-line analytical processing (OLAP) queries are strongly affected by the amount data needed to be accessed from the disk. Therefore, there is a need to employ techniques that can facilitate efficient execution of these queries. There has been a lot of work to optimize the performance of relational data warehouses. Among the two fragmentation techniques, vertical fragmentation is often considered more complicated than horizontal, it nearly impossible to obtain an optimal solution. Data partitioning concept that has been studied in the context of relational databases aims to reduce query execution time and facilitate the parallel execution of queries. In this paper, we develop a new framework based on genetic algorithm for applying the partitioning technique on relational DW schema (star schema) to minimize the total query execution cost. We develop an analytical cost model for executing a set of OLAP queries on a partitioned star schema. We conduct experiments to evaluate the utility of partitioning in efficiently executing OLAP queries. Finally, we show how partitioning can be used to facilitate parallel execution of OLAP queries. Key-Words: Partitioning, warehouse, OLAP queries, Genetic algorithm, penalty function, query optimization.