LLukas22/scidocs huggingface dataset:
Priority-setting for children's mental health: clinical usefulness and validity of the priority criteria score.

OBJECTIVE
The 17-item PCS was designed for priority-setting and queue management of children and adolescents referred for mental health services. Here we assess aspects of the validity of the Children's Mental Health (CMH) Priority Criteria Score (PCS), developed by the Western Canada Waiting List Project (WCWL). The PCS was evaluated across clinical settings of increasing acuity and in terms of its relationship to two variables reflecting criteria-related validity and actual wait times.


METHOD
Intake workers completed PCS forms for 497 referrals enrolled for treatment in three clinical areas over approximately two fiscal years. The completion time of the PCS form was estimated in relation to the total referral and screening process. Intake workers completed the PCS items and did not use the total score at the time of intake and form completion to triage or place clients; hence, the PCS was independent of enrollment and placement within the continuum of care. Furthermore, clinicians in the receiving programs had to accept the triage decisions for the PCS to be used in the study analysis.


RESULTS
The PCS score was meaningfully related to the measures of criteria-related validity (e.g., clinician perceived urgency, clinician perceived maximum acceptable waiting times) and triage to clinical settings of increasing acuity. There was a significant mean difference in the PCS for those accepted to community, day, or inpatient settings.


CONCLUSIONS
The PCS appears to be a useful, efficient measure of clinical urgency adequate for use in priority-setting for children waiting for mental health services.
Help Me: Opportunistic smart rescue application and system

Communicating during disaster times is crucial for both survivors and rescue forces. While fast reaction is critical communication infrastructures, wired and cellular, are often lost, and cannot be restored in a timely fashion. In this paper we present HelpMe, a self learning opportunistic ad-hoc system, which enables smartphone-based ad-hoc communications at disaster times over Wi-Fi. HelpMe smartphone peers communicate using a sophisticated mechanism that performs a transparent on-the-fly classification and matching of requests to peers in the formed opportunistic ad-hoc network. Matching is further leveraged for a smart forwarding, enabling the request to reach the best matching user in the vicinity. Our system enables best peers matching across an opportunistic ad-hoc network on a hop-by-hop basis, in a timely and power conservative manner. Location coordinates are sent with each request. The client is built on top of the Haggle middleware, leveraging its neighbor discovery and interest-based forwarding. The HelpMe client is fully implemented as an iPhone application on top of the Haggle middleware. The HelpMe system consists also of a HelpMe cloud-based server, used only when communication is available before and after the crisis. The server is used for profiling users and creating personalized apps for the users. When communication is restored, it can be leveraged for collecting information for missing persons services. The server is implemented as a web service. We tested the system using several iPhone / iPad clients communicating over Wi-Fi and showed that our settings not only enable a best match, but also enable willing users to become hub nodes in the formed opportunistic network. The system is self-adjusting and supports on the fly settings modifications.
Self-management of health care behaviors for COPD: a systematic review and meta-analysis

PURPOSE
This systematic review aimed to identify the most effective components of interventions to facilitate self-management of health care behaviors for patients with COPD. PROSPERO registration number CRD42011001588.


METHODS
We used standard review methods with a systematic search to May 2012 for randomized controlled trials of self-management interventions reporting hospital admissions or health-related quality of life (HRQoL). Mean differences (MD), hazard ratios, and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated and pooled using random-effects meta-analyses. Effects among different subgroups of interventions were explored including single/multiple components and multicomponent interventions with/without exercise.


RESULTS
One hundred and seventy-three randomized controlled trials were identified. Self-management interventions had a minimal effect on hospital admission rates. Multicomponent interventions improved HRQoL (studies with follow-up >6 months St George's Respiratory Questionnaire (MD 2.40, 95% CI 0.75-4.04, I (2) 57.9). Exercise was an effective individual component (St George's Respiratory Questionnaire at 3 months MD 4.87, 95% CI 3.96-5.79, I (2) 0%).


CONCLUSION
While many self-management interventions increased HRQoL, little effect was seen on hospital admissions. More trials should report admissions and follow-up participants beyond the end of the intervention.
Effects of occupational therapy services on fine motor and functional performance in preschool children.

PURPOSE
This study examined how performance components and variables in intervention influenced fine motor and functional outcomes in preschool children.


METHOD
In a sample of 44 preschool-aged children with fine motor delays who received occupational therapy services, eight fine motor and functional performance assessments were administered at the beginning and end of the academic year. Data on the format and intervention activities of each occupational therapy session were recorded for 8 months.


RESULTS
The children received a mean of 23 sessions, in both individual and group format. Most of the sessions (81%) used fine motor activities; 29% addressed peer interaction, and 16% addressed play skills. Visual motor outcomes were influenced by the number of intervention sessions and percent of sessions with play goals. Fine motor outcomes were most influenced by the therapists' emphasis on play and peer interaction goals; functional outcomes were influenced by number of sessions and percent of sessions that specifically addressed self-care goals.


CONCLUSION
The influence of play on therapy outcomes suggests that a focus on play in intervention activities can enhance fine motor and visual motor performance.
AGC tuning of interconnected reheat thermal systems with particle swarm optimization

This paper demonstrates the use of particle swarm optmization for optimizing the parameters of automatic generation control systems (AGC). An integral controller and a proportional-plus-integral controller are considered. A two-area reheat thermal system is considered to exemplify the optimum parameter search. The optimal AGC parameters search is formulated as an optimization problem with a standard infd te time quadratic objective function. A time domain simulation of the system is then used in conjunction with the particle swarm optimizer to determine the controller gains. The integral square of the error and the integral of time-multiplied absolute value of the error performances indices are considered. The results reported in this paper demonstrate the effectiveness of the particle swarm optimizer in the tuning of the AGC parameters. The enhancement in the dynamic response of the power system is verified through simulation results.
A gastroenterologist's guide to probiotics.

The enteric microbiota contribute to gastrointestinal health, and their disruption has been associated with many disease states. Some patients consume probiotic products in attempts to manipulate the intestinal microbiota for health benefit. It is important for gastroenterologists to improve their understanding of the mechanisms of probiotics and the evidence that support their use in practice. Clinical trials have assessed the therapeutic effects of probiotic agents for several disorders, including antibiotic- or Clostridium difficile-associated diarrhea, irritable bowel syndrome, and the inflammatory bowel diseases. Although probiotic research is a rapidly evolving field, there are sufficient data to justify a trial of probiotics for treatment or prevention of some of these conditions. However, the capacity of probiotics to modify disease symptoms is likely to be modest and varies among probiotic strains-not all probiotics are right for all diseases. The current review provides condition-specific rationale for using probiotic therapy and literature-based recommendations.
Use of Lock-In Thermography for N onD estructive 3 D Defect Localization on System in Package and Stacked-Die Technology

With the growing variety, complexity and market share of 3D packaged devices, package level FA is also facing new challenges and higher demand. This paper presents Lock-In Thermography (LIT) for fully non-destructive 3D defect localization of electrical active defects. After a short introduction of the basic LIT theory, two slightly different approaches of LIT based 3D localization will be discussed based on two case studies. The first approach relies on package internal reference heat sources (e.g. I/O-diodes) on different die levels. The second approach makes use of calibrated 3D simulation software to yield the differentiation between die levels in 8 die μSD technology.
Quantifying Phishing Susceptibility for Detection and Behavior Decisions

OBJECTIVE
We use signal detection theory to measure vulnerability to phishing attacks, including variation in performance across task conditions.


BACKGROUND
Phishing attacks are difficult to prevent with technology alone, as long as technology is operated by people. Those responsible for managing security risks must understand user decision making in order to create and evaluate potential solutions.


METHOD
Using a scenario-based online task, we performed two experiments comparing performance on two tasks: detection, deciding whether an e-mail is phishing, and behavior, deciding what to do with an e-mail. In Experiment 1, we manipulated the order of the tasks and notification of the phishing base rate. In Experiment 2, we varied which task participants performed.


RESULTS
In both experiments, despite exhibiting cautious behavior, participants' limited detection ability left them vulnerable to phishing attacks. Greater sensitivity was positively correlated with confidence. Greater willingness to treat e-mails as legitimate was negatively correlated with perceived consequences from their actions and positively correlated with confidence. These patterns were robust across experimental conditions.


CONCLUSION
Phishing-related decisions are sensitive to individuals' detection ability, response bias, confidence, and perception of consequences. Performance differs when people evaluate messages or respond to them but not when their task varies in other ways.


APPLICATION
Based on these results, potential interventions include providing users with feedback on their abilities and information about the consequences of phishing, perhaps targeting those with the worst performance. Signal detection methods offer system operators quantitative assessments of the impacts of interventions and their residual vulnerability.
Randomized trial of radiofrequency ablation versus conventional surgery for superficial venous insufficiency: if you don’t tell, they won’t know

OBJECTIVES:
This study compared radiofrequency ablation versus conventional surgery in patients who had not undergone previous treatment for bilateral great saphenous vein insufficiency, with each patient serving as his own control.


METHOD:
This was a randomized controlled trial that included 18 patients and was carried out between November 2013 and May 2015. Each of the lower limbs of each patient was randomly assigned to undergo either radiofrequency ablation or conventional surgery. Clinical features (hyperpigmentation, hematoma, aesthetics, pain, skin burn, nerve injury, and thrombophlebitis) were evaluated at one week, one month, and six months postoperatively. Hemodynamic assessments (presence of resection or occlusion of the great saphenous vein and recurrent reflux in the sapheno-femoral junction and in the great saphenous vein) were performed at one month, six months, and 12 months postoperatively. The independent observer (a physician not involved in the original operation), patient, and duplex ultrasonographer were not made aware of the treatment done in each case. Clinicaltrials.gov: NCT02588911.


RESULTS:
Among the clinical variables analyzed, only the aesthetic evaluation by the physicians was significant, with radiofrequency ablation being considered better than conventional surgery (average, 0.91 points higher: standard deviation: 0.31; 95% confidence interval: -1.51, -0.30; p=0.003). However, in our study, we observed primary success rates of 80% for radiofrequency ablation and 100% for conventional surgery.


CONCLUSIONS:
If the physician is not required to inform the patient as to the technique being performed, the patient will not be able to identify the technique based on the signs and symptoms. Our study revealed that both techniques led to high levels of patient satisfaction, but our results favor the choice of conventional surgery over radiofrequency ablation, as patients who underwent conventional surgery had better hemodynamic assessments.
A randomised controlled trial of a probiotic ‘functional food’ in the management of irritable bowel syndrome

BACKGROUND
Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS) is a common condition characterised by pain, distension and altered bowel habit. Evidence suggests functional foods containing probiotics improve gastrointestinal transit, however, data are limited by short follow-up periods and evaluation in selected populations.


METHODS
A multi-centre, randomized, double blind, controlled trial to evaluate the effect of a probiotic vs non-probiotic dairy product on symptoms in IBS with a constipation element (IBS-Constipation or IBS-Mixed profile). Set in 13 general practices within central England. Individuals meeting the ROME III criteria for IBS, aged 18-65 completed a pre-study diary. Eligible individuals were randomized to consume dairy 'yoghurt' products which either did or did not contain active probiotics twice daily and to complete a daily diary. Primary outcome was subjective global assessment of symptom relief at week 4. Other outcomes comprised, IBS symptom scores, pain, bloating and flatulence levels, stool frequency, stool consistency, ease of bowel movement and quality of life.


RESULTS
179 were randomized (91 active, 88 placebo). 76 (43 active, 33 placebo) completed the study. No significant between group differences existed at 4 weeks (57% active vs 53% placebo, reported adequate relief (p = 0.71)). By week 8, 46% active vs 68% placebo reported adequate relief (p = 0.03). This was sustained at week 12.


CONCLUSIONS
Significant improvements were reported for most outcomes in all trial participants but improvement did not differ by group. This trial does not provide evidence for effectiveness of a probiotic in IBS, in variance with a body of published literature and review conclusions. Differential drop out may however cloud interpretation of data. UK TRIAL REGISTRATION: ISRCTN78863629.
A Course Based on Open Organization Principles

This poster presents a plan for a first-semester freshman computing course based on Open Organization principles using humanitarian organizations as the context. The goal of the course is to instill engagement with learning in students from the beginning of their academic careers when they are psychologically invested in their learning and more likely to internalize the learning. The anticipated outcome is students who are motivated, engaged, and able to handle the rapid rate of computing change in today's society.
A national evaluation of treatment outcomes for cocaine dependence.

BACKGROUND
This national study focused on posttreatment outcomes of community treatments of cocaine dependence. Relapse to weekly (or more frequent) cocaine use in the first year after discharge from 3 major treatment modalities was examined in relation to patient problem severity at admission to the treatment program and length of stay.


METHODS
We studied 1605 cocaine-dependent patients from 11 cities located throughout the United States using a naturalistic, nonexperimental evaluation design. They were sequentially admitted from November 1991 to December 1993 to 55 community-based treatment programs in the national Drug Abuse Treatment Outcome Studies. Included were 542 patients admitted to 19 long-term residential programs, 458 patients admitted to 24 outpatient drug-free programs, and 605 patients admitted to 12 short-term inpatient programs.


RESULTS
Of 1605 patients, 377 (23.5%) reported weekly cocaine use in the year following treatment (dropping from 73.1% in the year before admission). An additional 18.0% had returned to another drug treatment program. Higher severity of patient problems at program intake and shorter stays in treatment (<90 days) were related to higher cocaine relapse rates.


CONCLUSIONS
Patients with the most severe problems were more likely to enter long-term residential programs, and better outcomes were reported by those treated 90 days or longer. Dimensions of psychosocial problem severity and length of stay are, therefore, important considerations in the treatment of cocaine dependence. Cocaine relapse rates for patients with few problems at program intake were most favorable across all treatment conditions, but better outcomes for patients with medium- to high-level problems were dependent on longer treatment stays.
Efficacy and tolerability of a cream containing AR-GG27® (sorbityl furfural palmitate) in the treatment of mild/moderate childhood atopic dermatitis associated with pityriasis alba. A double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial.

AIM
Pityriasis alba (PA) is a skin disorder characterized by finely scaly, hypopigmented patches, typical of childhood, that also represents an atopic dermatitis (AD) minor sign according to Hanifin and Rajka criteria. It may be isolated or associated with AD representing, sometimes an atypical manifestation of AD during the long-term follow-up of the disease. Aim of the study was to evaluate of the efficacy and tolerability of AR-GG27® (sorbityl furfural palmitate) cream in the treatment of childhood mild or moderate AD associated with PA.


METHODS
The trial is a single center, double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled study. The study included patients of both sexes, aged between two months and 15 years, suffering from mild and moderate AD always associated with PA. Xerosis was present in all patients. The treatment with topical steroids or topical calcineurin inhibitors (TIMs) had to be suspended for at least 15 days. Any systemic therapy and phototherapy or sun exposure were withdrawn at least 30 days before. Emollients were stopped at least seven days before. During the trial, no other local or systemic treatments were allowed, as well as sun exposure. Patients affected by AD with viral, bacterial or fungal overinfection or patients with diabetes mellitus, severe systemic diseases or intolerance to one or more components of the product were excluded. The primary endpoint was the evaluation of the average change in the Investigator Global Assessment (IGA) after 15 and 30 days of treatment. The second endpoint was the evaluation of severity of three different clinical signs: erythema, excoriation desquamation, using a subjective five-point scale. Changes in pruritus severity was also considered during the entire period of treatment, through the use of a Visual Analogue Scale (VAS). A P<0.05, two tailed was considered as statistically significant.


RESULTS
After 15 and 30 days there was a statistically significant difference in the group treated with AR-GG27®, compared to the placebo (respectively, P=0.0007 and P=0.005). After 15 days of treatment, itching was clearly reduced in AR-GG27® treated group compared with the placebo, both in the study population (P=0.01) and in patients where the symptom was present from the beginning (P=0.05).


CONCLUSION
AR-GG27® showed a beneficial action associated with high compliance and tolerability in dermatological skin conditions characterized by inflammation and tissue oxidative stress in children, as PA with mild and moderate AD.
Iatrogenic retinal artery occlusion caused by cosmetic facial filler injections.

PURPOSE
To investigate the clinical manifestations and visual prognosis of retinal artery occlusion resulting from cosmetic facial filler injections.


DESIGN
Retrospective, noncomparative case series.


METHODS
Setting. Institutional. Study Population. Twelve consecutive patients with retinal artery occlusion caused by cosmetic facial filler injections. Main Outcome Measures. Filler materials, injection sites, best-corrected visual acuities, fundus fluorescein angiography and optical coherence tomography findings, and associated ocular and systemic manifestations.


RESULTS
Seven, 2, and 3 patients had ophthalmic, central retinal, and branch retinal artery occlusions, respectively. Injected materials included autologous fat (7 cases), hyaluronic acid (4 cases), and collagen (1 case), and injection sites were the glabellar region (7 cases), nasolabial fold (4 cases), or both (1 case). Injected autologous fat was associated with worse final best-corrected visual acuity than the other materials. All patients with ophthalmic artery occlusion had ocular pain and no improvement in best-corrected visual acuity. Optical coherence tomography revealed thinner and less vascular choroids in eyes with ophthalmic artery occlusion than in adjacent normal eyes. Concomitant brain infarction developed in 2 cases each of central retinal artery occlusion and ophthalmic artery occlusion. Phthisis developed in 1 case of ophthalmic artery occlusion.


CONCLUSIONS
Cosmetic filler injections into the glabellar region or nasolabial fold can cause retinal artery occlusion. Iatrogenic ophthalmic artery occlusion is associated with painful blindness, a thin choroid, brain infarction, and poor visual outcomes, particularly when autologous fat is used. Ophthalmic examination and systematic brain magnetic resonance imaging should be performed in patients with ocular pain after such injections.