LLukas22/scidocs huggingface dataset:
Impact of Work on Early-Recovery Alcoholics Anonymous Affiliation

ABSTRACT The impact of work on Alcoholics Anonymous (A. A.) affiliation has not been studied despite the fact that work experiences and workplace dynamics may influence problem drinkers' participation in post-treatment recovery programs such as A.A. This exploratory study recruited individuals (N = 55) from inpatient and intensive outpatient treatment for alcohol problems and assessed their A.A. involvement approximately three months after discharge. An expanded measure of affiliation is used, including participation in a range of A.A. practices and acceptance of major A.A. tenets. Questionnaire and interview data were gathered on employment status, alcohol-related job problems, job stability, perceived workplace support, attitudes toward work, severity of drinking-related problems, health, mental health, relationship factors, and demographics. The degree to which subjects generally perceived that they had a serious drinking problem (“hit bottom”) was associated with affiliation, but alcohol-related job p...
Windows Registry Forensics : An Imperative Step in Tracking Data Theft via USB Devices

Owing to the increasing pace of occurrence of crimes in digital world, cyber forensic investigation is becoming a burning topic in the field of information security. Registry is an important location in Windows system that contains footprints of user activities and other configuration data, which may be valuable for forensic investigators in collecting potential evidences from the system. This work aims to point out the significance of Registry Analysis, and attempts to answer why it should be carried as a part of digital forensic investigation by demonstrating the role played by Registry in tracking data theft from system to USB external devices. Keywords— Forensics Analysis, Registry Analysis, Tracking Data Theft, USB footprints, Windows Forensics.
Leaf Juice of Carica papaya L.: A Remedy of Dengue Fever

The dengue fever is one of the life threatening diseases caused by dengue virus (Flavivirus) that is borne and transmitted by mosquitoes living in tropical and subtropical climates worldwide, mostly in urban and semi-urban areas [1]. As per the estimates of World Health Organization, every year, 50 million people across the world are infected by dengue and about 2/5 of the world population (2.5 billion people) are at risk from this dreadful disease, which spreads over about 100 countries. Dengue is also known as break-bone fever, as it causes extreme body pain, especially in the joints of bones. Though some preventive measures have been suggested to cure dengue, so far there is no effective medicine and vaccine approved for the dengue virus [1]. Developing a safe and effective antiviral drug is difficult, because viruses use the host’s cells to replicate. This makes it difficult to eradicate the virus without harming the host organism’s cells [2].
Frontal fibrosing alopecia versus lichen planopilaris: a clinicopathological study.

BACKGROUND
Frontal fibrosing alopecia (FFA) is an acquired scarring alopecia currently considered a clinical variant of lichen planopilaris (LPP). Our purpose was to examine the clinicopathological features of FFA. In addition, we investigated the similarities and differences between FFA and LPP.


METHODS
Biopsies from the scalp lesions of eight patients with FFA and eight patients with LPP were microscopically analyzed. Two cases of FFA and four cases of LPP were studied using direct immunofluorescence.


RESULTS
In spite of the completely different clinical characteristics of FFA and LPP patients, the histopathological findings for the two entities were similar. Common microscopic findings for both FFA and LPP included an inflammatory lymphocytic infiltrate involving the isthmus and infundibulum of the hair follicles, the presence of apoptotic cells in the external root sheath, and a concentric fibrosis surrounding the hair follicles that resulted in their destruction with subsequent scarring alopecia. Biopsies taken from FFA patients showed less follicular inflammation and more apoptotic cells than those from LPP patients. In some cases of LPP, the inflammatory infiltrate involved the interfollicular epidermis, a finding never present in our FFA cases. Direct immunofluorescence was negative in the two cases of FFA studied and showed deposits of immunoglobulins and/or complement in two of the four LPP cases examined.


CONCLUSIONS
The characteristic findings for FFA were more prominent apoptosis and less inflammation than found in LPP, along with spared interfollicular epidermis. FFA cases showed a rather characteristic histopathological pattern, although we could not find any clear-cut histological differences between FFA and LPP.
Breast cancer classification using deep belief networks

Over the last decade, the ever increasing world-wide demand for early detection of breast cancer at many screening sites and hospitals has resulted in the need of new research avenues. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), an early detection of cancer greatly increases the chances of taking the right decision on a successful treatment plan. The Computer-Aided Diagnosis (CAD) systems are applied widely in the detection and differential diagnosis of many different kinds of abnormalities. Therefore, improving the accuracy of a CAD system has become one of the major research areas. In this paper, a CAD scheme for detection of breast cancer has been developed using deep belief network unsupervised path followed by back propagation supervised path. The construction is back-propagation neural network with Liebenberg Marquardt learning function while weights are initialized from the deep belief network path (DBN-NN). Our technique was tested on the Wisconsin Breast Cancer Dataset (WBCD). The classifier complex gives an accuracy of 99.68% indicating promising results over previously-published studies. The proposed system provides an effective classification model for breast cancer. In addition, we examined the architecture at several train-test partitions. © 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Comparison of Conservative and Surgical Therapy Concepts for Synechia of the Labia in Pre-Pubertal Girls.

Introduction: The aim of this study was to evaluate the primary and secondary therapeutic successes of different therapy schemes for the treatment of synechia of the labia in pre-pubertal girls. Materials and Methods: The treatment courses of 47 pre-pubertal girls who were treated between February 2007 and February 2013 in the special outpatient clinic for paediatric gynaecology of a department for gynaecology at a German university hospital and for whom information on the course of the disease was available for at least the six months following end of the treatment. 23 of these children were treated with a topical estriol therapy (treatment group A). For 24 of the girls a manual separation of the adhering labia minora was undertaken (treatment group B). Statistical evaluation was performed using the χ2 test, Fischer's exact test and the Mann-Whitney U test. Results: For 18 of the 23 (80 %) girls in treatment group A topical estriol therapy alone led to a resolution of the synechia. Five of these 23 children (20 %) required a secondary manual separation. All girls for whom treatment was not successful were under 5 years of age. For all 24 girls (100 %) of treatment group B the primary manual separation was performed with success. The recurrence rates after ≥ 6 months in cases with identical after-care did not differ between the two treatment groups (treatment group A: 34 %, treatment group B: 33 %, χ2 test: p = 0.853). 16 of the 17 recurrences occurred ≥ 3 months after the end of the therapy. Conclusion: Our results show that for children < 5 years of age a 4-week topical therapy with estriol is a promising therapy option for synechia of the labia that is less of a burden for the family situation. Especially for girls ≥ 5 years of age, primary therapy fails in up to 20 % of the cases. Primary manual separation represents a more effective therapeutic option. Irrespective of the treatment applied, a recurrence after ≥ 3 must be expected in one-third of the treated girls.
A background subtraction algorithm for detecting and tracking vehicles

0957-4174/$ see front matter 2010 Elsevier Ltd. A doi:10.1016/j.eswa.2010.07.083 * Corresponding author. Tel.: +30 210 772 3128; fa E-mail addresses: nmand@central.ntua.gr (N.A. noa.gr (I. Keramitsoglou), kyr@chemeng.ntua.gr (C.T. An innovative system for detecting and extracting vehicles in traffic surveillance scenes is presented. This system involves locating moving objects present in complex road scenes by implementing an advanced background subtraction methodology. The innovation concerns a histogram-based filtering procedure, which collects scatter background information carried in a series of frames, at pixel level, generating reliable instances of the actual background. The proposed algorithm reconstructs a background instance on demand under any traffic conditions. The background reconstruction algorithm demonstrated a rather robust performance in various operating conditions including unstable lighting, different view-angles and congestion. 2010 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Exogenously applied paclobutrazol modulates growth in salt-stressed wheat plants

Effect of paclobutrazol (PBZ) treatment on salinity tolerance of wheat (Triticum aestivum) was investigated on a salt-tolerant (Karchia-65) and salt-sensitive (Ghods) cultivars. Salinity significantly reduced the investigated growth parameters such as plant height, length and area of sixth leaf, root length, fresh and dry weight of shoot, roots and sixth leaf, water content (WC) of plant and seeds weight in the both cultivars. The negative effect of salinity in Ghods cultivar was more than Karchia cultivar. However, PBZ treatment reduced the growth in both cultivars, the differences in plant growth among various levels of NaCl decreased in PBZ-treated plants. Salt stress resulted in high accumulation of Na+ in the sixth leaf and roots in both cultivars, particularly in Ghods cultivar. Against Karchia cultivar, salt stress decreased the storage of K+, P and N in sixth leaf and roots in Ghods cultivar. In the both cultivars, PBZ treatment enhanced the K+, P and N contents in sixth leaf and roots by increasing salinity. Although PBZ treatment decreased the growth of plants, it improved the weight of seeds against stress damage. PBZ treatment reduced the accumulation of harmful Na+ ion in plant tissues while increased the K+, P and N contents. These observations suggest that PBZ treatment may increase tolerance by diminishing ionic imbalance caused by salt stress.
Pedestrian detection with convolutional neural networks

This paper presents a novel pedestrian detection method based on the use of a convolutional neural network (CNN) classifier. Our method achieves high accuracy by automatically optimizing the feature representation to the detection task and regularizing the neural network. We evaluate the proposed method on a difficult database containing pedestrians in a city environment with no restrictions on pose, action, background and lighting conditions. The false positive rate (FPR) of the proposed CNN classifier is less than 1/5-th of the FPR of a support vector machine (SVM) classifier using Haar-wavelet features when the detection rate is 90%. The accuracy of the SVM classifier using the features learnt by the CNN is equivalent to the accuracy of the CNN, confirming the importance of automatically optimized features. The computational demand of the CNN classifier is, however, more than an order of magnitude lower than that of the SVM, irrespective of the type of features used.
Twenty-four-week efficacy and safety of switching virologically suppressed HIV-1-infected patients from nevirapine immediate release 200 mg twice daily to nevirapine extended release 400 mg once daily (TRANxITION).

OBJECTIVES
Once-daily (qd) antiretroviral therapies improve convenience and adherence. If found to be effective, nevirapine extended release (NVP XR) will confer this benefit. The TRANxITION trial examined the efficacy and safety of switching virologically suppressed patients from NVP immediate release (NVP IR) 200 mg twice daily to NVP XR 400 mg qd.


METHODS
An open-label, parallel-group, noninferiority, randomized (2:1 NVP XR:NVP IR) study was performed. Adult HIV-1-infected patients receiving NVP IR plus a fixed-dose nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NRTI) combination of lamivudine (3TC)/abacavir (ABC), tenofovir (TDF)/emtricitabine (FTC) or 3TC/zidovudine (ZDV) with undetectable viral load (VL) were enrolled in the study. The primary endpoint was continued virological suppression with VL < 50 HIV-1 RNA copies/mL up to week 24 (calculated using a time to loss of virological response algorithm). Cochran's statistic (background regimen adjusted) was used to test noninferiority. Adverse events (AEs) were recorded.


RESULTS
Among 443 randomized patients, continued virological suppression was observed in 93.6% (276 of 295) of NVP XR- and 92.6% (137 of 148) of NVP IR-treated patients, an observed difference of 1% [95% confidence interval (CI) -4.3, 6.0] at 24 weeks of follow-up. Noninferiority (adjusted margin of -10%) of NVP XR to NVP IR was robust and further supported by SNAPSHOT analysis. Division of Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (DAIDS) grade 3 and 4 events were similar for the NVP XR and NVP IR groups (3.7 vs. 4.1%, respectively), although overall AEs were higher in the NVP XR group (75.6 vs. 60.1% for the NVP-IR group).


CONCLUSIONS
NVP XR administered once daily resulted in continued virological suppression at week 24 that was noninferior to that provided by NVP IR, with similar rates of moderate and severe AEs. The higher frequency of overall AEs with NVP XR may be a consequence of the open-label design.
Increased isoflavonoids accumulation in cell suspension cultures of Pueraria tuberosa by elicitors

Cell cultures of Pueraria tuberosa were established in modified Murashige and Skoog medium and challenged with yeast extract (YE), methyl jasmonate (MeJA) and salicylic acid (SA). Maximum isoflavonoids production was recorded at 48 h of YA incorporation at the stationary phase. 20 μM of MeJA and SA was most effective in isoflavonoids induction. Higher concentrations of these elicitors were negatively correlated with the isoflavonoids production. YE at 150 mg L was optimal for isoflavonoids production, yielding 10 mg L isoflavonoids, which was ~20% higher over the yields at optimal concentrations of MeJA and SA. YA incorporation can be used as a trigger to induce high yield of isoflavonoids.
An Active-Shunt Diverter for On-load Tap Changers

This paper presents a new hybrid diverter design for onload tap changers. The design uses “active-shunt” current diversion principles. At its core, the design employs a low-voltage high-current switch-mode amplifier to divert current out of the mechanical contacts and into a pair of anti-parallel thyristors. Commutation between transformer taps may then be performed by the thyristors. The amplifier and thyristors are placed outside the normal load current path and only conduct during a tap change, producing efficiency savings and improving robustness when compared to previous hybrid onload tap changer implementations. An amplifier control loop that autonomously produces zero-current conditions at switch opening and zero-voltage conditions at switch closure is demonstrated. Experimental results investigating the wear characteristics of contacts operated under the new hybrid diverter are presented, along with comparison results from a passive-type switching scheme. Contact lifetime of more than 25 million operations is demonstrated under the new scheme.
Evaluation of patients with head and neck cancer by means of 99mTc-glucarate.

UNLABELLED
Preliminary findings have suggested that (99m)Tc-glucarate has tumor-seeking properties. The purpose of this study was to explore the potential of this tracer to evaluate malignant head and neck tumors by means of SPECT/CT software fusion imaging.


METHODS
Eleven male patients with advanced head and neck carcinoma were included in the study: 9 with locally advanced disease and 2 with clinical suspicion of local relapse. Scanning started 3-6 h after the injection of 1,110 MBq of (99m)Tc-glucarate. Planar and SPECT images of the head, neck, and thorax were acquired. Three-dimensional images were also coregistered with CT.


RESULTS
We found (99m)Tc-glucarate uptake in all suspected lesions. SPECT/CT fusion imaging was helpful in all cases for topographically localizing the tracer foci.


CONCLUSION
(99m)Tc-glucarate can be considered a potential tracer for the evaluation of patients with head and neck tumors.
Does Guanfacine Extended Release Impact Functional Impairment in Children with Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder? Results from a Randomized Controlled Trial

BACKGROUND
In clinical trials of medications to treat attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in children, effects on functional impairment have been less well-studied than changes in ADHD symptoms.


OBJECTIVE
Data regarding functional impairment were analyzed from a multicenter, double-blind, placebo-controlled study of guanfacine extended release (GXR) in children with ADHD, using the Weiss Functional Impairment Rating Scale-Parent Report (WFIRS-P). The correspondence of changes in WFIRS-P scores with symptomatic and global response to GXR treatment was also examined, with treatment response defined by scores on both the ADHD Rating Scale IV (ADHD-RS-IV) and the Clinical Global Impressions-Improvement Scale (CGI-I).


METHODS
In this 8-week, double-blind, placebo-controlled, dose optimization study at 47 sites across the USA and Canada, children aged 6-12 years with a diagnosis of ADHD [Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fourth Edition, Text Revision criteria, and an ADHD-RS-IV score ≥28 and CGI-Severity of Illness Scale score ≥4 at baseline], were randomized 1:1:1 into three groups: GXR AM [GXR (1-4 mg/day) in the morning, placebo in the evening], GXR PM [placebo in the morning, GXR (1-4 mg/day) in the evening], or twice-daily placebo. Parents rated their children on the WFIRS-P at screening, baseline, the end of dose optimization, and at the final on-treatment assessment.


RESULTS
The efficacy population was composed of 333 subjects (GXR AM: n = 107; GXR PM: n = 114; placebo: n = 112). At the final on-treatment assessment, there were significant improvements from baseline in the placebo-adjusted difference in least-squares (LS) mean (95 % confidence interval) WFIRS-P Total scores for both GXR treatment groups combined [GXR all-active: -0.16 (-0.25, -0.07), effect size (ES) = 0.448, P <0.001] and separately [GXR AM: -0.15 (-0.26, -0.05), ES = 0.417, P = 0.004; GXR PM: -0.18 (-0.28, -0.07), ES = 0.478, P = 0.001]. Significant improvements in WFIRS-P domain scores for Family, Learning and School (including Academic Performance and Behavior in School), Social, and Risky Behavior were found for both GXR cohorts compared with placebo. However, the Life Skills and Self-Concept domain scores of the WFIRS-P did not improve with GXR treatment. Post hoc stratification by responder status revealed that significant (P <0.001) improvements in WFIRS-P Total and all domain scores were associated with symptomatic treatment response in the GXR all-active group.


CONCLUSIONS
GXR treatment in children with ADHD was associated with reductions in WFIRS-P functional impairment scores compared with placebo, regardless of time of GXR administration. Changes in WFIRS-P scores were congruent with clinical response, as determined by both ADHD symptom reduction and CGI-I scores. CLINICALTRIALS.


GOV IDENTIFIER
NCT00997984.
Evaluation of a demand-creation intervention for couples’ HIV testing services among married or cohabiting individuals in Rakai, Uganda: a cluster-randomized intervention trial

BACKGROUND
Uptake of couples' HIV counseling and testing (couples' HCT) services remains largely low in most settings. We report the effect of a demand-creation intervention trial on couples' HCT uptake among married or cohabiting individuals who had never received couples' HCT.


METHODS
This was a cluster-randomized intervention trial implemented in three study regions with differing HIV prevalence levels (range: 9-43 %) in Rakai district, southwestern Uganda, between February and September 2014. We randomly assigned six clusters (1:1) to receive the intervention or serve as the comparison arm using computer-generated random numbers. In the intervention clusters, individuals attended small group, couple and male-focused interactive sessions, reinforced with testimonies from 'expert couples', and received invitation coupons to test together with their partners at designated health facilities. In the comparison clusters, participants attended general adult health education sessions but received no invitation coupons. The primary outcome was couples' HCT uptake, measured 12 months post-baseline. Baseline data were collected between November 2013 and February 2014 while follow-up data were collected between March and April 2015. We conducted intention-to-treat analysis using a mixed effects Poisson regression model to assess for differences in couples' HCT uptake between the intervention and comparison clusters. Data analysis was conducted using STATA statistical software, version 14.1.


RESULTS
Of 2135 married or cohabiting individuals interviewed at baseline, 42 % (n = 846) had ever received couples' HCT. Of those who had never received couples' HCT (n = 1,174), 697 were interviewed in the intervention clusters while 477 were interviewed in the comparison clusters. 73.6 % (n = 513) of those interviewed in the intervention and 82.6 % (n = 394) of those interviewed in the comparison cluster were interviewed at follow-up. Of those interviewed, 72.3 % (n = 371) in the intervention and 65.2 % (n = 257) in the comparison clusters received HCT. Couples' HCT uptake was higher in the intervention than in the comparison clusters (20.3 % versus 13.7 %; adjusted prevalence ratio (aPR) = 1.43, 95 % CI: 1.02, 2.01, P = 0.04).


CONCLUSION
Our findings show that a small group, couple and male-focused, demand-creation intervention reinforced with testimonies from 'expert couples', improved uptake of couples' HCT in this rural setting.


TRIAL REGISTRATION
ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT02492061 . Date of registration: June 14, 2015.
Phase I and pharmacokinetic study of the (6-maleimidocaproyl)hydrazone derivative of doxorubicin.

PURPOSE
The (6-maleimidocaproyl)hydrazone derivative of doxorubicin (DOXO-EMCH) is an albumin-binding prodrug of doxorubicin with acid-sensitive properties that shows superior antitumor efficacy in murine tumor models and a favorable toxicity profile in mice, rats, and dogs compared with doxorubicin. The purpose of the phase I study was to characterize the toxicity profile of DOXO-EMCH, establish a recommended dose for phase II studies, and assess potential anticancer activity.


EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN
A starting dose of 20 mg/m2 doxorubicin equivalents was chosen. Forty-one patients with advanced cancer disease were treated with an i.v. infusion of DOXO-EMCH once every 3 weeks at a dose level of 20 to 340 mg/m2 doxorubicin equivalents.


RESULTS
Treatment with DOXO-EMCH was well tolerated up to 200 mg/m2 without manifestation of drug-related side effects. Myelosuppression (grade 1-2) and mucositis (grade 1-2) were the predominant adverse effects at dose levels of 260 mg/m2 and myelosuppression (grade 1-3) as well as mucositis (grade 1-3) were dose limiting at 340 mg/m2. No cardiac toxicity was observed. Of 30 of 41 evaluable patients, 12 patients (40%) had progressive disease, 15 patients (57%) had stable disease, and 3 patients (10%) had a partial remission.


CONCLUSIONS
DOXO-EMCH showed a good safety profile and was able to induce tumor regressions in tumor types known to be anthracycline-sensitive tumors, such as breast cancer, small cell lung cancer, and sarcoma. The recommended doxorubicin equivalent dose for phase II studies is 260 mg/m2.