LLukas22/scidocs huggingface dataset:
Periodic real-time scheduling for FPGA computers

Todays reconfigurable hardware devices, such as FPGAs, have high densities and allow for the execution of several hardware tasks in parallel. This paper deals with scheduling periodic real-time tasks to such an architecture, a problem which has not been considered before. We formalize the real-time scheduling problem and propose two preemptive scheduling algorithms. The first is an adaption of the well-known earliest deadline first (EDF) technique to the FPGA execution model. The algorithm reveals good scheduling performance; task sets with system utilizations of up to 85% can be feasibly scheduled. However, the EDF approach is practical only for a small number of tasks, since there is no efficient schedulability test. The second algorithm uses the concept of servers that reserve area and execution time for other tasks. Tasks are successively merged into servers, which are then scheduled sequentially. While this method can only feasibly schedule task sets with a system utilization of up to some 50%, it is applicable to large tasks sets as the schedulability test runs in polynomial time. Equally important, the method requires only a small number of FPGA configurations which directly translates into reduced memory requirements.
6.3 A 40-to-56Gb/s PAM-4 receiver with 10-tap direct decision-feedback equalization in 16nm FinFET

The increasing bandwidth demand in data centers and telecommunication infrastructures had prompted new electrical interface standards capable of operating up to 56Gb/s per-lane. The CEI-56G-VSR-PAM4 standard [1] defines PAM-4 signaling at 56Gb/s targeting chip-to-module interconnect. Figure 6.3.1 shows the measured S21 of a channel resembling such interconnects and the corresponding single-pulse response after TX-FIR and RX CTLE. Although the S21 is merely ∼10dB at 14GHz, the single-pulse response exhibits significant reflections from impedance discontinuities, mainly between package and PCB traces. These reflections are detrimental to PAM-4 signaling and cannot be equalized effectively by RX CTLE and/or a few taps of TX feed-forward equalization. This paper presents the design of a PAM-4 receiver using 10-tap direct decision-feedback equalization (DFE) targeting such VSR channels.
Weather Adaptive Traffic Prediction Using Neurowavelet Models

Climate change is a prevalent issue facing the world today. Unexpected increase in rainfall intensity and events is one of the major signatures of climate change. Rainfall influences traffic conditions and, in turn, traffic volume in urban arterials. For improved traffic management under adverse weather conditions, it is important to develop a traffic prediction algorithm considering the effect of rainfall. This inclusion is not intuitive as the effect is not immediate, and the influence of rainfall on traffic volume is often unrecognizable in a direct correlation analysis between the two time-series data sets; it can only be observed at certain frequency levels. Accordingly, it is useful to employ a multiresolution prediction framework to develop a weather adaptive traffic forecasting algorithm. Discrete wavelet transform (DWT) is a well-known multiresolution data analysis methodology. However, DWT imparts time variance in the transformed signal and makes it unsuitable for further time-series analysis. Therefore, the stationary form of DWT known as stationary wavelet transform (SWT) has been used in this paper to develop a neurowavelet prediction algorithm to forecast hourly traffic flow considering the effect of rainfall. The proposed prediction algorithm has been evaluated at two urban arterial locations in Dublin, Ireland. This paper shows that the rainfall data successfully augments the traffic flow data as an exogenous variable in periods of inclement weather, resulting in accurate predictions of future traffic flow at the two chosen locations. The forecasts from the neurowavelet model outperform the forecasts from the standard artificial neural network (ANN) model.
Macromastia and bilateralaxillary breast hypertrophy: a case report.

BACKGROUND
Breast hypertrophy presents at puberty or thereafter. It is a condition of abnormal enlargement of the breast tissue in excess of the normal proportion. Gland hypertrophy, excessive fatty tissue or a combination of both may cause this condition. Macromastia can be unilateral or bilateral.


OBJECTIVE
To present a case of massive bilateral gigantomastia with huge bilateral hypertrophy of the axillary breasts.


METHODS
Review of the prentation, clinical and investigative findings aswell as the outcome of surgical intervention of a young Nigerian woman with bilateral severe breast hypertrophy and severe hypertrophy of axillary breasts.


RESULT
The patient was a 26-year-old woman who presented with massive swelling of her breasts and bilateral axillary swellings, both of six years duration.. In addition to the breast pathology, she also suffered significant psychological problems. The breast ultrasonography confirmed only diffuse swellings, with no visible lumps or areas of calcifiCation. She had total bilateral excision of the hypertrophied axillary breasts, and bilateral breast amputation with composite nipple-areola complex graft of the normally located breasts.The total weight of the breast tissues removed was 44.8 kilogram.


CONCLUSION
Macromastia of this size is very rare. This case to date is probably the largest in the world literature. Surgical treatment of the condition gives a satisfactory outcome.
1 Prejudice , Stereotyping and Discrimination : Theoretical and Empirical Overview

This chapter has two main objectives: to review influential ideas and findings in the literature and to outline the organization and content of the volume. The first part of the chapter lays a conceptual and empirical foundation for other chapters in the volume. Specifically, the chapter defines and distinguishes the key concepts of prejudice, stereotypes, and discrimination, highlighting how bias can occur at individual, institutional, and cultural levels. We also review different theoretical perspectives on these phenomena, including individual differences, social cognition, functional relations between groups, and identity concerns. We offer a broad overview of the field, charting how this area has developed over previous decades and identify emerging trends and future directions. The second part of the chapter focuses specifically on the coverage of the area in the present volume. It explains the organization of the book and presents a brief synopsis of the chapters in the volume. Throughout psychology’s history, researchers have evinced strong interest in understanding prejudice, stereotyping, and discrimination (Brewer & Brown, 1998; Dovidio, 2001; Duckitt, 1992; Fiske, 1998), as well as the phenomenon of intergroup bias more generally (Hewstone, Rubin, & Willis, 2002). Intergroup bias generally refers to the systematic tendency to evaluate one’s own membership group (the ingroup) or its members more favorably than a non-membership group (the outgroup) or its members. These topics have a long history in the disciplines of anthropology and sociology (e.g., Sumner, 1906). However, social psychologists, building on the solid foundations of Gordon Allport’s (1954) masterly volume, The Nature of Prejudice, have developed a systematic and more nuanced analysis of bias and its associated phenomena. Interest in prejudice, stereotyping, and discrimination is currently shared by allied disciplines such as sociology and political science, and emerging disciplines such as neuroscience. The practical implications of this 4 OVERVIEW OF THE TOPIC large body of research are widely recognized in the law (Baldus, Woodworth, & Pulaski, 1990; Vidmar, 2003), medicine (Institute of Medicine, 2003), business (e.g., Brief, Dietz, Cohen, et al., 2000), the media, and education (e.g., Ben-Ari & Rich, 1997; Hagendoorn &
A Survey on HTML Structure Aware and Tree Based Web Data Scraping Technique

Vast amount of information is available on web. Data analysis applications such as extracting mutual funds information from a website, daily extracting opening and closing price of stock from a web page involves web data extraction. Huge efforts are made by lots of researchers to automate the process of web data scraping. Lots of techniques depends on the structure of web page i.e. html structure or DOM tree structure to scrap data from web page. In this paper we are presenting survey of HTML aware web scrapping techniques. Keywords— DOM Tree, HTML structure, semi structured web pages, web scrapping and Web data extraction.
Folding and organization of a contiguous chromosome region according to the gene distribution pattern in primary genomic sequence

Specific mammalian genes functionally and dynamically associate together within the nucleus. Yet, how an array of many genes along the chromosome sequence can be spatially organized and folded together is unknown. We investigated the 3D structure of a well-annotated, highly conserved 4.3-Mb region on mouse chromosome 14 that contains four clusters of genes separated by gene "deserts." In nuclei, this region forms multiple, nonrandom "higher order" structures. These structures are based on the gene distribution pattern in primary sequence and are marked by preferential associations among multiple gene clusters. Associating gene clusters represent expressed chromatin, but their aggregation is not simply dependent on ongoing transcription. In chromosomes with aggregated gene clusters, gene deserts preferentially align with the nuclear periphery, providing evidence for chromosomal region architecture by specific associations with functional nuclear domains. Together, these data suggest dynamic, probabilistic 3D folding states for a contiguous megabase-scale chromosomal region, supporting the diverse activities of multiple genes and their conserved primary sequence organization.
The Pedagogy of Capital: Art History and Art School Knowledge

This chapter focuses on the place of ‘virtue’ in nineteenth and twentieth century reforms of art school education in England in relation to a problem of ethical pedagogy in commercial society first defined by Adam Smith.
Application of Platelet-Rich Plasma to Disorders of the Knee Joint

IMPORTANCE
The promising therapeutic potential and regenerative properties of platelet-rich plasma (PRP) have rapidly led to its widespread clinical use in musculoskeletal injury and disease. Although the basic scientific rationale surrounding PRP products is compelling, the clinical application has outpaced the research.


OBJECTIVE
The purpose of this article is to examine the current concepts around the basic science of PRP application, different preparation systems, and clinical application of PRP in disorders in the knee.


EVIDENCE ACQUISITION
A systematic search of PubMed for studies that evaluated the basic science, preparation and clinical application of platelet concentrates was performed. The search used terms, including platelet-rich plasma or PRP preparation, activation, use in the knee, cartilage, ligament, and meniscus. Studies found in the initial search and related studies were reviewed.


RESULTS
A comprehensive review of the literature supports the potential use of PRP both nonoperatively and intraoperatively, but highlights the absence of large clinical studies and the lack of standardization between method, product, and clinical efficacy. Conclusions and Relevance. In addition to the call for more randomized, controlled clinical studies to assess the clinical effect of PRP, at this point, it is necessary to investigate PRP product composition and eventually have the ability to tailor the therapeutic product for specific indications.
Enumerators of lambda Terms are Reducing Constructively

Abstract A closed λ-term E is called an enumerator if ∀M ϵ /gL/dg /gTn ϵ N E/drn/dl = β M. Here Λ° is the set of closed λ-terms, N is the set of natural numbers and the / drn / dl are the Church numerals λfx ./ tf n x . Such an E is called reducing if moreover ∀M ϵ /gL/dg /gTn ϵ N E/drn/dl /a/gb M. In 1983 I conjectured that every enumerator is reducing. An ingenious recursion theoretic proof of this conjecture by Statman is presented in Barendregt (1992). The proof is not intuitionistically valid, however. Dirk van Dalen has encouraged me to find intuitionistic proofs whenever possible. In the lambda calculus this is usually not difficult. In this paper an intuitionistic version of Statmans proof will be given. It took me somewhat longer to find it than in other cases.
Acceptability and satisfaction with a telecarer approach to the management of type 2 diabetes.

OBJECTIVE
To examine patients' views of the acceptability of and satisfaction with telephone care center support provided to improve blood glucose control in type 2 diabetes.


RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS
The Pro-Active Call-Center Treatment Support (PACCTS) Trial randomized patients from 47 general practices in a deprived urban area in northwest England to usual care or to proactive call center support in addition to usual care. Satisfaction with care was assessed in all 591 patients at baseline and the end of the study using the Diabetes Satisfaction and Treatment Questionnaire (DTSQ). Acceptability was assessed in 394 intervention patients after at least three proactive calls from the call center and at the end of the trial. A purposive sample of 25 patients took part in in-depth semistructured interviews.


RESULTS
The response rates to the questionnaires were 79% (DTSQ) and 65% (acceptability). Persons receiving the intervention continued to report high levels of satisfaction with their treatment (95% CI 32.3-33.2 at 1 year), and >90% strongly agreed or agreed that the telecarer approach was acceptable. Qualitative comments pointed to the importance of a personalized service; increased feelings of well-being, including confidence and self-control; help with problem-solving; and patients developing rapport and a strong bond with the telecarers.


CONCLUSIONS
A personalized PACCTS approach is acceptable to patients. A service giving priority to the interpersonal dimension leads to increased commitment from patients to improve long-term glycemic control.
CONSUMER'S PERCEPTION AND PURCHASE INTENTIONS

Background In the last years, it has been seen a shifting on society's consumption patterns, from mass consumption to second-hand culture. Moreover, consumer's perception towards second-hand stores, has been changing throughout the history of second-hand markets, according to the society's values prevailing in each time. Thus, the purchase intentions regarding second-hand clothes are influence by motivational and moderating factors according to the consumer's perception. Therefore, it was employed the theory of Guiot and Roux (2010) on motivational factors towards second-hand shopping and previous researches on moderating factors towards second-hand shopping. Purpose The purpose of this study is to explore consumer's perception and their purchase intentions towards second-hand clothing stores. Method For this, a qualitative and abductive approach was employed, combined with an exploratory design. Semi-structured face-to-face interviews were conducted utilizing a convenience sampling approach. Conclusion The findings show that consumers perception and their purchase intentions are influenced by their age and the environment where they live. However, the environment affect people in different ways. From this study, it could be found that elderly consumers are influenced by values and beliefs towards second-hand clothes. Young people are very influenced by the concept of fashion when it comes to second-hand clothes. For adults, it could be observed that price and the sense of uniqueness driver their decisions towards second-hand clothes consumption. The main motivational factor towards second-hand shopping was price. On the other hand, risk of contamination was pointed as the main moderating factor towards second-hand purchase. The study also revealed two new motivational factors towards second-hand clothing shopping, such charity and curiosity. Managers of second-hand clothing stores can make use of these findings to guide their decisions, especially related to improvements that could be done in order to make consumers overcoming the moderating factors towards second-hand shopping. The findings of this study are especially useful for second-hand clothing stores in Borås, since it was suggested couple of improvements for those stores based on the participant's opinions.
Mobility Management for Seamless Information flow in Heterogeneous Networks Using Hybrid Handover

Today communication industry concentrates more on the live information transfer without altering the existing infrastructure. Since the existing architecture of multiple access technologies deployed by different operators is fundamental for future generation mobile networks the seamless inter-operator/ intersystem mobility is a mandatory requirement in the heterogeneous networks. Due to the existence of heterogeneous networks a seamless mobility management approach that does not require changes to existing network infrastructure is being proposed which mainly concentrates on the handover technique. The novelty of the proposed approach, heterogeneous handover is that mobility management is fully controlled by the terminal, and network selection is user-centric, power-saving, costaware, and performance-aware. Total mobility management, including interface management, handover decision, and execution, is also detailed. Advances in wireless communication technologies are driving the evolution toward ubiquitous and seamless service delivery across multiple wireless access systems. Next generation communication device users will be always best connected anywhere and anytime via diverse access technologies and possibly in a multi-operator environment stating the key “Anything Anywhere”. End users will access services via several existing access technologies such as Global System for Mobile Communications (GSM), General Packet Radio Service (GPRS), Universal Mobile Telecommunications Systems (UMTS), wireless local area network (WLAN), and Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access (WiMAX). The definition of Next Generation Networks (NGN) includes the ability to make use of multiple broadband transport technologies and to support generalized mobility. Next generation networks must integrate several IP-based access technologies in a seamless way.
Health-related quality of life as measured by the child health questionnaire in adolescents with bipolar disorder treated with olanzapine.

AIM
To examine health-related quality of life (HRQoL) in adolescents with bipolar disorder before and after double-blind treatment with olanzapine or placebo.


METHODS
Parents or legal guardians of 160 adolescents with a manic or mixed episode associated with bipolar I disorder were asked to rate their child's health using the Child Health Questionnaire-Parental Form 50 at baseline, before receiving medication, and then again at the end of participation in a 3-week double-blind placebo-controlled study of olanzapine.


RESULTS
Adolescents in both treatment groups began and ended the study with significantly lower scores than normalized values of healthy peers on several HRQoL subscales (lower ratings indicate more impaired functioning), especially those assessing psychosocial factors. However, participants receiving olanzapine exhibited greater improvement than those in the placebo group across multiple HRQoL subscales, including the Behavior, Family activities, and Mental health subscales. Reduction in manic symptoms was associated with improvement in HRQoL values.


CONCLUSIONS
As expected, manic adolescents with bipolar disorder exhibit abnormalities in psychosocial, rather than physical factors associated with HRQoL. Treatment with olanzapine had a greater effect on multiple domains of psychosocial functioning compared with placebo, suggesting that in addition to improving manic symptoms, pharmacologic interventions may lessen some of psychosocial deficits experienced by adolescents with bipolar disorder. However, following 3 weeks of treatment, adolescents with bipolar disorder continued to exhibit deficits in several aspects of psychosocial functioning, indicating that additional pharmacologic and psychosocial interventions may be necessary to further improve functional outcome.
Dynamic selection of a feature-rich query frame for mobile video retrieval

In this paper, we focus on a new application of mobile visual search: snapping a photo with a mobile device of a video playing on a TV screen to automatically retrieve and stream the remainder of the video to the mobile device. When the user takes a photo of the video, the captured query frame may contain too few useful features for good retrieval performance. We design and implement a new algorithm for mobile video retrieval to accurately select a feature-rich frame from a sequence of viewfinder frames in a very short temporal window determined by the user-initiated query event. Fast and accurate selection using efficiently computed Hessian scores is developed for real-time operation on mobile devices. Viewfinder frames captured before the query starts are pre-processed, while the number of viewfinder frames captured afterwards is minimized by a probabilistic optimization process. Evaluated on a large video database of 10 million frames, dynamic query frame selection provides a substantial increase in retrieval accuracy with very low search latency.
A Bayes Net Toolkit for Student Modeling in Intelligent Tutoring Systems

This paper describes an effort to model a student’s changing knowledge state during skill acquisition. Dynamic Bayes Nets (DBNs) provide a powerful way to represent and reason about uncertainty in time series data, and are therefore well-suited to model student knowledge. Many general-purpose Bayes net packages have been implemented and distributed; however, constructing DBNs often involves complicated coding effort. To address this problem, we introduce a tool called BNTSM. BNT-SM inputs a data set and a compact XML specification of a Bayes net model hypothesized by a researcher to describe causal relationships among student knowledge and observed behavior. BNT-SM generates and executes the code to train and test the model using the Bayes Net Toolbox [1]. Compared to the BNT code it outputs, BNT-SM reduces the number of lines of code required to use a DBN by a factor of 5. In addition to supporting more flexible models, we illustrate how to use BNT-SM to simulate Knowledge Tracing (KT) [2], an established technique for student modeling. The trained DBN does a better job of modeling and predicting student performance than the original KT code (Area Under Curve = 0.610 > 0.568), due to differences in how it estimates parameters.