LLukas22/scidocs huggingface dataset:
Treatment of proximal deep-vein thrombosis with the oral direct factor Xa inhibitor rivaroxaban (BAY 59-7939): the ODIXa-DVT (Oral Direct Factor Xa Inhibitor BAY 59-7939 in Patients With Acute Symptomatic Deep-Vein Thrombosis) study.

BACKGROUND
An effective and safe oral anticoagulant that needs no monitoring for dose adjustment is urgently needed for the treatment of diseases that require long-term anticoagulation. Rivaroxaban (BAY 59-7939) is an oral direct factor Xa inhibitor currently under clinical development.


METHODS AND RESULTS
This randomized, parallel-group phase II trial in patients with proximal deep-vein thrombosis explored the efficacy and safety of rivaroxaban 10, 20, or 30 mg BID or 40 mg once daily compared with enoxaparin 1 mg/kg BID followed by vitamin K antagonist. Each treatment was administered for 12 weeks. The primary efficacy end point was an improvement in thrombotic burden at day 21 (assessed by quantitative compression ultrasonography; > or = 4-point improvement in thrombus score) without recurrent symptomatic venous thromboembolism or venous thromboembolism-related death. The primary safety end point was major bleeding during 12 weeks of treatment. Outcomes were adjudicated centrally without knowledge of treatment allocation. The primary efficacy end point was achieved in 53 (53.0%) of 100, 58 (59.2%) of 98, 62 (56.9%) of 109, and 49 (43.8%) of 112 patients receiving rivaroxaban 10, 20, or 30 mg BID or 40 mg once daily, respectively, compared with 50 (45.9%) of 109 patients treated with enoxaparin/vitamin K antagonist. There was no significant trend in the dose-response relationship between rivaroxaban BID and the primary efficacy end point (P=0.67). Major bleeding was observed in 1.7%, 1.7%, 3.3%, and 1.7% of patients receiving rivaroxaban 10, 20, or 30 mg BID or 40 mg once daily, respectively. There were no major bleeding events with enoxaparin/vitamin K antagonist.


CONCLUSIONS
Results of this proof-of-concept and dose-finding study support phase III evaluation of the orally active direct factor Xa inhibitor rivaroxaban, because efficacy and safety were apparent in the treatment of proximal deep-vein thrombosis across a 3-fold range of fixed daily dosing.
On the application of genetic algorithms for optimising composites against impact loading

A genetic algorithm (GA) was adopted to optimise the response of a composite laminate subject to impact. Two different impact scenarios are presented: low-velocity impact of a slender laminated strip and high-velocity impact of a rectangular plate by a spherical impactor. In these cases, the GA’s objective was to, respectively, minimise the peak deflection and minimise penetration by varying the ply angles. The GA was coupled to a commercial finite-element (FE) package LS DYNA to perform the impact analyses. A comparison with a commercial optimisation package, LS OPT, was also made. The results showed that the GA was a robust, capable optimisation tool that produced near optimal designs, and performed well with respect to LS OPT for the more complex high-velocity impact scenario tested. r 2007 Dr Matthew Yong. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Full-Process Operation, Control, and Experiments of Modular High-Frequency-Link DC Transformer Based on Dual Active Bridge for Flexible MVDC Distribution: A Practical Tutorial

DC transformer (DCT) will be the key device for medium-voltage dc (MVDC) power distribution system. This paper gives a practical tutorial on full-process operation, control, and experiments for application of DCT based on dual active bridge in flexible MVDC distribution system. The operation of DCT for MVDC distribution is designed to three modes: MVDC, low-voltage dc (LVDC), and power control modes. Three optimal modulation methods during startup, steady, and transient processes are proposed which can reduce current impact in practice. A full-process control strategy during operation state is proposed to achieve flexible control and fast management of voltage and power in MVDC distribution system, especially an optimal balance control during block process is proposed to reduce power losses. On this basis, a fault-handling solution is proposed to improve reliability of DCT in practice, and a hardware design method is proposed to enhance flexibility and modularity. Finally, an industrial prototype is built, and comprehensive experiments verify the validity and effectiveness of the proposed solution. The practical application of DCT in MVDC distribution are expected, and the exploration of this study could provide valuable references for the practical DCT design.
Extensible Web Services Architecture for Notification in Large-Scale Systems

Existing Web services notification and eventing standards are useful in many applications, but they have serious limitations precluding large-scale deployments: it is impossible to use IP multicast or for recipients to forward messages to others and scalable notification trees must be setup manually. We propose a design free of such limitations that could serve as a basis for extending or complementing these standards. The approach emerges from our prior work on QSM (Ostrowski et al., 2006), a new Web services eventing platform that can scale to extremely large environments
Generation of circularly polarized conical beam pattern using (3, 8) torus knot antenna

A novel circularly polarized knot antenna with the conical beam radiation pattern is presented. It consists of a (3, 8) torus knot as a radiator which is excited by a monopole probe. Measured results show that the antenna has an impedance bandwidth of 39.6% covering the frequency range 3.54 GHz to 5.29 GHz and usable axial ratio bandwidth of 26.8%. (3, 8) torus knot antenna is mechanically simple to fabricate using 3D printing technology. The proposed prototype is suitable for mounting on vehicles to facilitate communication with geostationary satellites.
Automated accident detection and rescue system

Vehicle accidents cause lot of damage. Early detection and timely action will help a lot in accident situations. Researchers proposed methods to analyze vehicle mounted sensor data to detect accidents. To get a big clear picture, we need to correlate and analyze pieces of sensor data instead of analyzing them independently. Along with it, if we also analyze traveler's health data, it will be helpful to take rescue actions. It may not be straightforward to correlate and analyze all these data sets in real time. A big system and framework is required to do so. An architecture and design methodology is proposed in this paper to analyze the data provided by the vehicle mounted sensors and health data sent by passenger's wearable devices to detect accidents in real time. After detecting the accidents, system assesses the impact of the accident. Then it either alerts relevant people for rescue action or it does needful actions (as described by the domain experts) on its own.
Feasibility of institutional registry-based recruitment for enrolling newly diagnosed breast cancer patients in an exercise trial.

BACKGROUND
The purpose of this study was to determine the feasibility of using a tumor registry to recruit newly diagnosed survivors into a randomized controlled exercise trial and to discuss issues related to this recruitment strategy.


METHODS
A tumor registry-based rapid ascertainment system was used to recruit breast cancer survivors into a 6-month home-based, telephone-administered intervention of moderate-to-vigorous intensity exercise or a usual care group.


RESULTS
468 newly diagnosed cases were identified. Of these, 50 women (15.4% of those for which screening calls were made) were enrolled in the study. Women were randomized, on average, 11 weeks after diagnosis (SD = 4.8). Sixty-four percent were randomized before beginning treatment or within the first week of treatment. Time required to obtain physician consent was the primary determinant of diagnosis-to-randomization latency. Enrolled women were more likely than nonenrolled women to be non-Hispanic White and to have a college degree (P < .05).


CONCLUSION
Tumor registries present a feasible means of recruiting breast cancer survivors before or early in adjuvant treatment. The success of recruiting survivors promptly after diagnosis is largely dependent on ability to rapidly obtain physician consent. Specific effort is needed to counteract self-selection effects that may lead to under-representation of minorities.
Defection Detection : Measuring and Understanding the Predictive Accuracy of Customer Churn Models

Vol. XLIII (May 2006), 204–211 204 © 2006, American Marketing Association ISSN: 0022-2437 (print), 1547-7193 (electronic) *Scott A. Neslin is Albert Wesley Frey Professor of Marketing, Tuck School of Business, Dartmouth College (e-mail: scott.neslin@dartmouth. edu). Sunil Gupta is Meyer Feldberg Professor of Business, Graduate School of Business, Columbia University (e-mail: sg37@columbia.edu). Wagner Kamakura is Ford Motor Company Professor of Global Marketing, Fuqua School of Business, Duke University (e-mail: kamakura@duke. edu). Junxiang Lu is Vice President of Comerica Bank (e-mail: jlu@ comerica.com). Charlotte H. Mason is Associate Professor of Marketing, Kenan-Flagler Business School, University of North Carolina (e-mail: charlotte_mason@unc.edu). The authors express their gratitude to Sanyin Siang (Managing Director, Teradata Center for Customer Relationship Management at the Fuqua School of Business, Duke University); research assistants Sarwat Husain, Michael Kurima, and Emilio del Rio; and an anonymous wireless telephone carrier that provided the data for this study. The authors also thank participants in the Tuck School of Business, Dartmouth College, Marketing Workshop, for comments and the two anonymous JMR reviewers for their constructive suggestions. Finally, the authors express their appreciation to former editor Dick Wittink (posthumously) for his invaluable insights and guidance. SCOTT A. NESLIN, SUNIL GUPTA, WAGNER KAMAKURA, JUNXIANG LU, and CHARLOTTE H. MASON*
Monostatic Reflectivity Measurement of Radar Absorbing Materials at 310 GHz

This paper presents monostatic reflectivity measurements of radar absorbing materials at 310 GHz in a phase-hologram-based compact range. The radar cross-section method was used and the backscattered reflection was measured with horizontal and vertical polarizations in plane-wave conditions. Transmission was also studied. The reflectivity was measured over an incidence angle of 0deg-45deg. The reflectivity of Thomas Keating Terahertz RAM at normal incidence was found to be -56 dB-the smallest of the studied materials. The reflectivity of carpet material measured was also below -40 dB and it was found to be suitable for use as an absorber. The results are in line with those available from previous studies of reflectivity and complement them with new materials, frequency, and angle information
Wettability, Saturation, and Viscosity From NMR Measurements

This paper discusses a new nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) method that can provide wettability, saturation, and oil viscosity values in rocks partially saturated with oil and brine. The method takes advantage of two new technological advances in NMR well logging—the MRF* Magnetic Resonance Fluid Characterization Method and NMR “diffusion-editing” (DE) pulse sequences. We discuss the principles underlying the fluid characterization method and the pulse sequences. The fluid characterization method is used to provide robust inversions of DE data suites acquired on fully brine-saturated and partially saturated rock samples. The outputs of the inversion are separate diffusion-free brine and oil T2 distributions for the fluids measured in the rocks. NMR measurements on partially saturated rocks are sensitive to wettability because of surface relaxation of the wetting-phase fluid. The surface relaxation rate, however, must be significant compared to the bulk relaxation rate in order for wettability to noticeably affect the NMR response. We present results showing that the surface relaxation rate at lower wetting-phase saturations is enhanced compared to that measured at higher saturations. The consequence of wetting-phase saturation on NMR-based wettability determination is discussed. Wettability affects the relaxation rates of both the wetting and nonwetting phases in partially saturated rocks. Surface relaxation of the wetting phase in a rock results in shorter relaxation times than would otherwise be observed for the bulk fluid. The nonwetting-phase fluid molecules do not come into contact with the pore surfaces, and therefore their relaxation rate in the rock is the same as in the bulk fluid. We present accurate and robust computations of diffusion-free T2 relaxation time distributions for both the wetting and nonwetting phases in four rocks that include two sandstones and two dolomites. A DE data suite was acquired on each rock, measured in two different partial saturation states and also fully brinesaturated. Wettability is determined by comparing the oil and brine T2 relaxation-time distributions measured in the partially saturated rocks with the bulk oil T2 distribution and with the T2 distribution of the fully brine-saturated sample. The brine and oil T2 distributions are used to compute saturation and oil viscosity values. A general discussion elucidating the sensitivity range and T2 limits of diffusion-based NMR methods is given in the appendix. The appendix also derives and displays the gain in signal-to-noise ratio that is achieved by using DE data sequences for fluid characterization in place of Carr-Purcell-Meiboom-Gill (CPMG) data suites.
Efficacy profile of a bivalent Staphylococcus aureus glycoconjugated vaccine in adults on hemodialysis: Phase III randomized study

In a previous study in end-stage renal disease (ESRD) hemodialysis patients, a single dose of Staphylococcus aureus type 5 and 8 capsular polysaccharides (T5/T8) conjugated to nontoxic recombinant Pseudomonas aeruginosa exotoxin A investigational vaccine showed no efficacy against S. aureus bacteremia 1 year post-vaccination, but a trend for efficacy was observed over the first 40 weeks post-vaccination. Vaccine efficacy (VE) of 2 vaccine doses was therefore evaluated. In a double-blind trial 3359 ESRD patients were randomized (1:1) to receive vaccine or placebo at week 0 and 35. VE in preventing S. aureus bacteremia was assessed between 3-35 weeks and 3-60 weeks post-dose-1. Anti-T5 and anti-T8 antibodies were measured. Serious adverse events (SAEs) were recorded for 42 days post-vaccination and deaths until study end. No significant difference in the incidence of S. aureus bacteremia was observed between vaccine and placebo groups between weeks 3-35 weeks post-dose 1 (VE -23%, 95%CI: -98;23, p = 0.39) or at 3-60 weeks post-dose-1 (VE -8%, 95%CI: -57;26, p = 0.70). Day 42 geometric mean antibody concentrations were 272.4 μg/ml and 242.0 μg/ml (T5 and T8, respectively) in vaccinees. SAEs were reported by 24%/25.3% of vaccinees/placebo recipients. These data do not show a protective effect of either 1 or 2 vaccine doses against S. aureus bacteremia in ESRD patients. The vaccine induced a robust immune response and had an acceptable safety profile. Further investigation suggested possible suboptimal vaccine quality (manufacturing) and a need to expand the antigen composition of the vaccine. This study is registered at www.clinicaltrials.gov NCT00071214.
Differential synergy of Notch and T cell receptor signaling determines αβ versus γδ lineage fate

Thymic precursors expressing the pre-T cell receptor (TCR), the gammadeltaTCR, or the alphabetaTCR can all enter the CD4+ 8+ alphabeta lineage, albeit with different efficacy. Here it is shown that proliferation and differentiation of precursors with the different TCRs into alphabeta lineage cells require Notch signaling at the DN3 stage of thymic development. At the DN4 stage, Notch signaling still significantly contributes to the generation of alphabeta T cells. In particular, in alphabeta lineage commitment, the pre-TCR synergizes more efficiently with Notch signals than the other two TCRs, whereas gammadeltaTCR-expressing cells can survive and expand in the absence of Notch signals, even though Notch signaling enhances their proliferation. These observations suggest a new model of alphabeta versus gammadelta lineage choice in which lineage fate is determined by the extent of synergy between TCR and Notch signaling and in which the evolutionarily recent advent of the cell-autonomously signaling pre-TCR increased the efficacy of alphabeta T cell generation.
Fully automatic pose-invariant face recognition via 3D pose normalization

An ideal approach to the problem of pose-invariant face recognition would handle continuous pose variations, would not be database specific, and would achieve high accuracy without any manual intervention. Most of the existing approaches fail to match one or more of these goals. In this paper, we present a fully automatic system for pose-invariant face recognition that not only meets these requirements but also outperforms other comparable methods. We propose a 3D pose normalization method that is completely automatic and leverages the accurate 2D facial feature points found by the system. The current system can handle 3D pose variation up to ±45° in yaw and ±30° in pitch angles. Recognition experiments were conducted on the USF 3D, Multi-PIE, CMU-PIE, FERET, and FacePix databases. Our system not only shows excellent generalization by achieving high accuracy on all 5 databases but also outperforms other methods convincingly.
Vascular Effects of Ultrafine Particles in Persons with Type 2 Diabetes

BACKGROUND
Diabetes confers an increased risk for cardiovascular effects of airborne particles.


OBJECTIVE
We hypothesized that inhalation of elemental carbon ultrafine particles (UFP) would activate blood platelets and vascular endothelium in people with type 2 diabetes.


METHODS
In a randomized, double-blind, crossover trial, 19 subjects with type 2 diabetes inhaled filtered air or 50 µg/m³ elemental carbon UFP (count median diameter, 32 nm) by mouthpiece for 2 hr at rest. We repeatedly measured markers of vascular activation, coagulation, and systemic inflammation before and after exposure.


RESULTS
Compared with air, particle exposure increased platelet expression of CD40 ligand (CD40L) and the number of platelet-leukocyte conjugates 3.5 hr after exposure. Soluble CD40L decreased with UFP exposure. Plasma von Willebrand factor increased immediately after exposure. There were no effects of particles on plasma tissue factor, coagulation factors VII or IX, or D-dimer.


CONCLUSIONS
Inhalation of elemental carbon UFP for 2-hr transiently activated platelets, and possibly the vascular endothelium, in people with type 2 diabetes.
A full-feedforward scheme of grid voltages for a three-phase grid-connected inverter with an LCL filter

For a current controlled grid-connected inverter, the grid voltage distortion will give rise to the injected grid current harmonics. Besides, for the three-phase grid-connected inverter, under the unbalanced grid voltage condition, the injected grid currents will become unbalanced. This paper aims at weakening the effect of the grid voltages on the injected grid currents for a three-phase grid-connected inverter with an LCL filter. The full-feedforward scheme of the grid voltages is investigated in this paper. The full-feedforward function of the grid voltages in the stationary α-β frame for a three-phase grid-connected inverter with an LCL filter is proposed. This full-feedforward function consists of three parts, which is proportional part, derivative part and second derivative part. With the proposed full-feedforward scheme of the grid voltages, approximately zero steady-state error of the injected grid currents at line frequency can be achieved even with proportional-integral (PI) compensators as the injected grid current regulators in the stationary α-β frame. The injected grid current distortion and unbalance caused by the grid voltages are also greatly reduced. At last, the effectiveness of the proposed full-feedforward scheme is verified by the experimental results.
Influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 vaccine effectiveness and other characteristics associated with hospitalization in chronic liver disease patients

BACKGROUND & AIMS
To date, few studies have investigated the clinical effectiveness of influenza vaccine in chronic liver disease patients. The aim of this study was to examine the effectiveness of monovalent inactivated influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 vaccine and other characteristics associated with hospitalization in patients with chronic hepatitis C.


METHODS
We conducted a hospital-based cohort study during influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 pandemic. A total of 408 patients (132 vaccinated, 276 unvaccinated) with detectable HCV-RNA were followed up with respect to any hospitalization using a weekly postal questionnaire. Reported hospitalizations were verified by medical records.


RESULTS
During the epidemic period, 28 hospitalizations (6 vaccinated, 22 unvaccinated) were observed. After adjustment for potential confounders, vaccination decreased the odds ratio (OR) for hospitalization with marginal significance (OR = 0.43, 95%CI = 0.16-1.17). Besides, positive association with hospitalization was observed in patients with albumin levels <3.5 g/dl (OR = 8.40, 3.66-19.3) and steroid users (OR = 5.58, 0.98-31.7).


CONCLUSIONS
Among patients with chronic hepatitis C, A(H1N1)pdm09 vaccine appeared to have a protective effect against hospitalization. Those patients with a higher risk for hospitalization should be carefully followed during the influenza season, even when vaccinated.
An iterative adaptive dynamic programming method for solving a class of nonlinear zero-sum differential games

In this paper, a new iterative adaptive dynamic programming (ADP)method is proposed to solve a class of continuous-time nonlinear two-person zero-sum differential games. The idea is to use the ADP technique to obtain the optimal control pair iteratively which makes the performance index function reach the saddle point of the zero-sum differential games. If the saddle point does not exist, the mixed optimal control pair is obtained to make the performance index function reach the mixed optimum. Stability analysis of the nonlinear systems is presented and the convergence property of the performance index function is also proved. Two simulation examples are given to illustrate the performance of the proposed method. © 2010 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.