LLukas22/scidocs huggingface dataset:
Studies on the active components and antioxidant activities of the extracts of Mimosa pudica Linn. from southern China

BACKGROUND
The total flavonoid (TF) and total phenolic (TP) contents of the ethanol extracts of the whole plant, stem, leaf, and seed of Mimosa pudica Linn belonging to the genus Mimosa (Family: Fabaceae alt. Leguminosae), which originates from the subtropical regions of southern China, were determined in this experiment.


MATERIALS AND METHODS
The antioxidant activity of the extracts and 5 flavonoid monomers of M. pudica Linn. were also evaluated by 2 assays, the 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical-scavenging activity and ferric reducing/antioxidant power (FRAP) assays. In addition, correlation analysis was also made in the present study.


RESULTS
The results showed that leaf extracts contained the highest amount of TF and TP, and the content was significantly higher than that found in other parts of the plant. Moreover, the sequence of antioxidant activity of the ethanol extracts was as follows: leaf > the whole plant > seed > stem; the sequence of the 5 flavonoid monomers was as follows: 5,7,3´,4´-tetrahydroxy-6-C-[β-D-apiose-(1→4)]-β-D-glycopyranosyl flavone (1) > isorientin (2) > orientin (3) > isovitexin (4) > vitexin (5), and the antioxidant activity of compound 1 is equivalent to the synthetic antioxidant trolox or a bit stronger than trolox, and significant correlations were found among the active ingredient contents and the results of antioxidant activity.


CONCLUSION
The present study suggested that M. pudica Linn. could be a potential rich source of natural antioxidants.
A double-blind, placebo-controlled study of quetiapine and paroxetine as monotherapy in adults with bipolar depression (EMBOLDEN II).

OBJECTIVE
The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy and tolerability of quetiapine and paroxetine monotherapy for major depression in bipolar disorder.


METHOD
740 patients (478 bipolar I, 262 bipolar II) with major depressive episodes (DSM-IV) were randomly assigned to quetiapine 300 mg/d (n = 245), quetiapine 600 mg/d (n = 247), paroxetine 20 mg/d (n = 122), or placebo (n = 126) for 8 weeks. The primary end point was the change from baseline in Montgomery-Asberg Depression Rating Scale (MADRS) total score. The study was conducted from May 2005 to May 2007.


RESULTS
Mean MADRS score change from baseline at 8 weeks was -16.19 for quetiapine 300 mg, -16.31 for quetiapine 600 mg, -13.76 for paroxetine, and -12.60 for placebo (P < .001 for both quetiapine doses, P = .313 for paroxetine, vs placebo). Quetiapine-treated (both doses), but not paroxetine-treated, patients showed significantly greater improvements (P < or = .05) in most secondary outcomes measures at week 8 versus the placebo group. Paroxetine significantly improved Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale scores versus placebo (P < .05) but not MADRS or Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HDRS) scores. Both quetiapine doses were associated with greater improvements than paroxetine for MADRS and HDRS scores. The most common adverse events were dry mouth, somnolence, sedation, and dizziness with quetiapine (both doses) and dry mouth, sedation, headache, insomnia, and nausea with paroxetine. The incidence of treatment-emergent mania/hypomania was lower with quetiapine compared with paroxetine and placebo.


CONCLUSIONS
Quetiapine (300 or 600 mg/d), but not paroxetine, was more effective than placebo for treating acute depressive episodes in bipolar I and II disorder. Quetiapine treatment was generally well tolerated.


TRIAL REGISTRATION
clinicaltrials.gov Identifier: NCT00119652.
Graph Databases

Story Slides Slide 1 Graph Databases and the Semantic Web Slide 2 Background Slide 3 Graph Databases: The Definitive Book Slide 4 The Graph Database Space Slide 5 Gartner Magic Quadrant for BI & Analytics Platforms Slide 6 Foreword and Preface Slide 7
Obesity and blood pressure in the elderly free-living population

Objective: The aim of presented analysis was to determine the relationship between blood pressure (BP) and different indices of obesity in the elderly free-living population.Design and methods: In 317 inhabitants of the randomly chosen area of Cracow (70 years old and older) who could come to the out-patient clinic for an interview, BP, weight and height were taken. Body mass index (BMI) was used to classify the population into lean (BMI < 25 kg/m2), overweight (25 ⩽ BMI < 30 kg/m2) and obese (BMI ⩾ 30 kg/m2) subjects. In order to separate the effect of adipose tissue and lean body mass, weight of total adipose tissue (AT) and lean body mass (LBM) were calculated according to the anthropometric CT-calibrated equations.Results: Obese patients had a significantly higher systolic BP (SBP) when compared with lean subjects (respectively SBP [mm Hg] 175.7 ± 27.5 vs 161.8 ± 21.8), and higher diastolic BP (DBP) [mm Hg] in comparison with both other groups (obese: 93.7 ± 12.4 vs lean: 85.34 ± 10.6, overweight: 87.15 ± 12.73). The relationship between systolic and diastolic BP, and weight (respectively for SBP: r = 0.256, DBP: r = 0.216), BMI (SBP: r = 0.261, DBP: r = 0.216) and AT (SBP r = 0.269, DBP r = 0.22, P < 0.01) was found only in women but not in men.Conclusions: Our results suggest that in the elderly the importance of obesity in the pathogenesis of hypertension depends partially on gender and it may be essential in women but not in men.
Development of BLDC Motor-Based Elevator System Suitable for DC Microgrid

In recent days, utilization of the renewable energy sources has been emphasized in high-rise buildings, where dc microgrid is established. It is known that the brushless direct current (BLDC) motors have smooth speed control, high-power density, and less complexities in power converter and controller when operated with dc supply as compared to other electrical motors. Hence, this paper enunciates the scope of using BLDC motors for elevator systems suitable for operating with a dc microgrid. For analyzing the proposed BLDC motor-based elevator system, a MATLAB mechatronic simulation model has been developed by inserting various electrical and mechanical components. Four quadrant operation of the proposed elevator system has also been indicated with the simulation results. To demonstrate the successful working of the proposal, a prototype elevator system has been designed and developed in the laboratory. The overall closed-loop controller has been implemented using a Xilinx Spartan-3E field programmable gate array (FPGA). Experiments have been conducted for the upward and downward movement of the elevator cabin with and without load and the findings are given in this paper. Regenerative braking is also possible for the proposed system by employing a suitable gear mechanism in place of worm gear.
Presence of ´isolated´ tricuspid regurgitation should prompt the suspicion of heart failure with preserved ejection fraction

BACKGROUND
Diastolic dysfunction of the left ventricle is common but frequently under-diagnosed. Particularly in advanced stages affected patients may present with significant functional tricuspid regurgitation (TR) as the most prominent sign on echocardiography. The underlying left ventricular pathology may eventually be missed and symptoms of heart failure are attributed to TR, with respective therapeutic consequences. The aim of the present study was to determine prevalence and mechanisms underlying TR evolution in heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF).


METHODS AND RESULTS
Consecutive HFpEF patients were enrolled in this prospective, observational study. Confirmatory diagnostic tests including echocardiography and invasive hemodynamic assessments were performed. Of the 175 patients registered between 2010 and 2014, 51% had significant (moderate or severe) TR without structural abnormalities of the tricuspid valve. Significant hemodynamic differences between patients with and without relevant TR were encountered. These included elevated pulmonary vascular resistance (p = 0.038), reduced pulmonary arterial compliance (PAC, p = 0.005), and elevated left ventricular filling pressures (p = 0.039) in the TR group. Multivariable binary logistic regression analysis revealed diastolic pulmonary artery pressure (p = 0.029) and PAC (p = 0.048) as independent determinants of TR. Patients were followed for 18.1±14.1 months, during which 32% had a cardiac event. While TR was associated with outcome in the univariable analysis, it failed to predict event-free survival in the multivariable model.


CONCLUSIONS
The presence of ´isolated´ functional TR should prompt the suspicion of HFpEF. Our data show that significant TR is a marker of advanced HFpEF but neither an isolated entity nor independently associated with event-free survival.
Epoxy based materials containing micro and nano sized fillers for improved electrical characteristics

In this paper the effect on dc and ac electrical properties of silica nano and micro particles dispersed in epoxy resins is discussed. In particular, space charge, conductivity, dielectric strength and partial discharge resistance is analyzed. The results show that nanostructured materials exhibit smaller space charge accumulation with respect to both base and microfilled materials. Regarding PD resistance, micro + nano filled materials display longer lifetimes with respect to base epoxy resin and materials including nanofillers or microfillers alone.
Virtual reality improves embodiment and neuropathic pain caused by spinal cord injury

OBJECTIVE
To investigate changes in body ownership and chronic neuropathic pain in patients with spinal cord injury (SCI) using multisensory own body illusions and virtual reality (VR).


METHODS
Twenty patients with SCI with paraplegia and 20 healthy control participants (HC) participated in 2 factorial, randomized, repeated-measures design studies. In the virtual leg illusion (VLI), we applied asynchronous or synchronous visuotactile stimulation to the participant's back (either immediately above the lesion level or at the shoulder) and to the virtual legs as seen on a VR head-mounted display. We tested the effect of the VLI on the sense of leg ownership (questionnaires) and on perceived neuropathic pain (visual analogue scale pain ratings). We compared illusory leg ownership with illusory global body ownership (induced in the full body illusion [FBI]), by applying asynchronous or synchronous visuotactile stimulation to the participant's back and the back of a virtual body as seen on a head-mounted display.


RESULTS
Our data show that patients with SCI are less sensitive to multisensory stimulations inducing illusory leg ownership (as compared to HC) and that leg ownership decreased with time since SCI. In contrast, we found no differences between groups in global body ownership as tested in the FBI. VLI and FBI were both associated with mild analgesia that was only during the VLI specific for synchronous visuotactile stimulation and the lower back position.


CONCLUSIONS
The present findings show that VR exposure using multisensory stimulation differently affected leg vs body ownership, and is associated with mild analgesia with potential for SCI neurorehabilitation protocols.
PCB inspection for missing or misaligned components using background subtraction

Automated visual inspection (AVI) is becoming an integral part of modern surface mount technology (SMT) assembly process. This high technology assembly, produces printed circuit boards (PCB) with tiny and delicate electronic components. With the increase in demand for such PCBs, high-volume production has to cater for both the quantity and zero defect quality assurance. The ever changing technology in fabrication, placement and soldering of SMT electronic components have caused an increase in PCB defects both in terms of numbers and types. Consequently, a wide range of defect detecting techniques and algorithms have been reported and implemented in AVI systems in the past decade. Unfortunately, the turn-over rate for PCB inspection is very crucial in the electronic industry. Current AVI systems spend too much time inspecting PCBs on a component-bycomponent basis. In this paper, we focus on providing a solution that can cover a larger inspection area of a PCB at any one time. This will reduce inspection time and increase the throughput of PCB production. Our solution is targeted for missing and misalignment defects of SMT devices in a PCB. An alternative visual inspection approach using color background subtraction is presented to address the stated defect. Experimental results of various defect PCBs are also presented. Key–Words: PCB Inspection, Background Subtraction, Automated Visual Inspection.
A double-blind placebo needle for acupuncture research

BACKGROUND
Placebo needles that can mask acupuncture practitioners to the type of needle used have been considered almost impossible to develop until now.


METHODS
We designed a double-blind non-penetrating placebo needle, the needle tip of which simply presses against the skin, and a matched penetrating needle. The needles are encased inside an opaque guide tube and the appearance and feel of the pair are designed to be indistinguishable. To validate the masking effect for the practitioner, 10 acupuncturists each applied 23 non-penetrating needles and 17 penetrating needles to the Large Intestine-4 point. After removing each needle, they judged whether the needle was 'penetrating', 'non-penetrating' or 'unidentifiable'. For the validation of patient masking, an acupuncturist randomly applied a non-penetrating/penetrating needle pair to the bilateral Sanjiao-5 points in 60 volunteers. When both applications were completed, we asked them to write down anything that they noticed regarding the needle application and associated sensations.


RESULTS
The mean +/- SD of correct/unidentifiable/incorrect answers given by the 10 acupuncturists were 17.0 +/- 4.1/6.4 +/- 3.6/16.6 +/- 3.0, respectively. Regarding patient masking, none of the subjects commented in the questionnaire that they had received a non-penetrating needle. Of 60 penetrating and 60 non-penetrating needle applications, 48 (80.0%) and 25 (41.7%) applications elicited skin penetration sensation and 48 (80.0%) and 20 (33.3%) applications elicited de qi, respectively.


CONCLUSION
These needles have the potential to mask both practitioners and patients from the type of needle used in acupuncture research.
Association between admission temperature and mortality and major morbidity in preterm infants born at fewer than 33 weeks' gestation.

IMPORTANCE
Neonatal hypothermia has been associated with higher mortality and morbidity; therefore, thermal control following delivery is an essential part of neonatal care. Identifying the ideal body temperature in preterm neonates in the first few hours of life may be helpful to reduce the risk for adverse outcomes.


OBJECTIVES
To examine the association between admission temperature and neonatal outcomes and estimate the admission temperature associated with lowest rates of adverse outcomes in preterm infants born at fewer than 33 weeks' gestation.


DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS
Retrospective observational study at 29 neonatal intensive care units in the Canadian Neonatal Network. Participants included 9833 inborn infants born at fewer than 33 weeks' gestation who were admitted between January 1, 2010, and December 31, 2012.


EXPOSURE
Axillary or rectal body temperature recorded at admission.


MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES
The primary outcome was a composite adverse outcome defined as mortality or any of the following: severe neurological injury, severe retinopathy of prematurity, necrotizing enterocolitis, bronchopulmonary dysplasia, or nosocomial infection. The relationships between admission temperature and the composite outcome as well as between admission temperature and the components of the composite outcome were evaluated using multivariable analyses.


RESULTS
Admission temperatures of the 9833 neonates were distributed as follows: lower than 34.5°C (1%); 34.5°C to 34.9°C (1%); 35.0°C to 35.4°C (3%); 35.5°C to 35.9°C (7%); 36.0°C to 36.4°C (24%); 36.5°C to 36.9°C (38%); 37.0°C to 37.4°C (19%); 37.5°C to 37.9°C (5%); and 38.0°C or higher (2%). After adjustment for maternal and infant characteristics, the rates of the composite outcome, severe neurological injury, severe retinopathy of prematurity, necrotizing enterocolitis, bronchopulmonary dysplasia, and nosocomial infection had a U-shaped relationship with admission temperature (α > 0 [P < .05]). The admission temperature at which the rate of the composite outcome was lowest was 36.8°C (95% CI, 36.7°C-37.0°C). Rates of severe neurological injury, severe retinopathy of prematurity, necrotizing enterocolitis (95% CI, 36.3°C-36.7°C), bronchopulmonary dysplasia, and nosocomial infection (95% CI, 36.9°C-37.3°C) were lowest at admission temperatures ranging from 36.5°C to 37.2°C.


CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE
The relationship between admission temperature and adverse neonatal outcomes was U-shaped. The lowest rates of adverse outcomes were associated with admission temperatures between 36.5°C and 37.2°C.
Issues in Dataflow Computing

Early advocates of dataflow computers predicted that the characteristics of the dataflow model of execution would provide plenty of computing power. However, a direct implementation of computers based on the dataflow model has been found to be a monumental challenge. This article presents a survey of issues and evolutionary developments in dataflow computing. The discussion includes the major problems encountered in past dataflow projects and the emergence novel ideas which have shed a new light in dataflow computing. ISSUES IN DATAFLOW COMPUTING A. R. Hurson* and Ben Lee** *The Pennsylvania State University Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University Park, PA 16802 E-mail: A2H@ecl.psu.edu Phone: (814) 863-1167 **Oregon State University Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Corvallis, Oregon 97331-3211 Abstract Early advocates of dataflow computers predicted that the characteristics of the dataflow model of execution would provide plenty of computing power. However, a direct implementation of computers based on the dataflow model has been found to be a monumental challenge. This article presents a survey of issues and evolutionary developments in dataflow computing. The discussion includes the major problems encountered in past dataflow projects and the emergence novel ideas which have shed a new light in dataflow computing.Early advocates of dataflow computers predicted that the characteristics of the dataflow model of execution would provide plenty of computing power. However, a direct implementation of computers based on the dataflow model has been found to be a monumental challenge. This article presents a survey of issues and evolutionary developments in dataflow computing. The discussion includes the major problems encountered in past dataflow projects and the emergence novel ideas which have shed a new light in dataflow computing.
Asymmetric numeral systems: entropy coding combining speed of Huffman coding with compression rate of arithmetic coding

The modern data compression is mainly based on two approaches to entropy coding: Huffman (HC) and arithmetic/range coding (AC). The former is much faster, but approximates probabilities with powers of 2, usually leading to relatively low compression rates. The latter uses nearly exact probabilities easily approaching theoretical compression rate limit (Shannon entropy), but at cost of much larger computational cost. Asymmetric numeral systems (ANS) is a new approach to accurate entropy coding, which allows to end this tradeoff between speed and rate: the recent implementation [1] provides about 50% faster decoding than HC for 256 size alphabet, with compression rate similar to provided by AC. This advantage is due to being simpler than AC: using single natural number as the state, instead of two to represent a range. Beside simplifying renormalization, it allows to put the entire behavior for given probability distribution into a relatively small table: defining entropy coding automaton. The memory cost of such table for 256 size alphabet is a few kilobytes. There is a large freedom while choosing a specific table using pseudorandom number generator initialized with cryptographic key for this purpose allows to simultaneously encrypt the data. This article also introduces and discusses many other variants of this new entropy coding approach, which can provide direct alternatives for standard AC, for large alphabet range coding, or for approximated quasi arithmetic coding.
Isolated Vascular Vertigo

Strokes in the distribution of the posterior circulation may present with vertigo, imbalance, and nystagmus. Although the vertigo due to a posterior circulation stroke is usually associated with other neurologic symptoms or signs, small infarcts involving the cerebellum or brainstem can develop vertigo without other localizing symptoms. Approximately 11% of the patients with an isolated cerebellar infarction present with isolated vertigo, nystagmus, and postural unsteadiness mimicking acute peripheral vestibular disorders. The head impulse test can differentiate acute isolated vertigo associated with cerebellar strokes (particularly within the territory of the posterior inferior cerebellar artery) from more benign disorders involving the inner ear. Acute audiovestibular loss may herald impending infarction in the territory of anterior inferior cerebellar artery. Appropriate bedside evaluation is superior to MRIs for detecting central vascular vertigo syndromes. This article reviews the keys to diagnosis of acute isolated vertigo syndrome due to posterior circulation strokes involving the brainstem and cerebellum.
Phase 2 trial of rituximab plus hyper-CVAD alternating with rituximab plus methotrexate-cytarabine for relapsed or refractory aggressive mantle cell lymphoma.

BACKGROUND
Relapsed or refractory mantle cell lymphoma has a very poor prognosis. The authors evaluated the response rates and survival times of patients treated with an intense regimen known to be effective against untreated aggressive mantle cell lymphoma: rituximab plus hyper-CVAD (cyclophosphamide, vincristine, doxorubicin, and dexamethasone) alternating with rituximab plus methotrexate-cytarabine.


METHODS
In this prospective, open-label, phase 2 study, patients received this combination for 6 to 8 cycles. Twenty-nine patients were evaluable for response.


RESULTS
The median number of cycles received was 5 (range, 1-7 cycles), and the overall response rate was 93% (45% complete response [CR] or CR unconfirmed [CRu] and 48% partial response [PR]). All 5 patients previously resistant to treatment had a response (1 CR, 4 PR), and both patients whose disease did not change in response to prior therapy had PRs. Toxic events occurring in response to the 104 cycles given included neutropenic fever (11%), grade 3 or 4 neutropenia (74%), and grade 3 or 4 thrombocytopenia (63%). There were no deaths from toxicity. At a median follow-up of 40 months (range, 5-48 months), the median failure-free survival time was 11 months with no plateau in the survival curve.


CONCLUSIONS
This combination chemotherapy was effective for refractory/relapsed mantle cell lymphoma.
Some new implications of the anomalous baryon current in the Standard Model

Phenomenological implications of the anomalous baryon current in the Standard Model are discussed, in particular neutrino-photon interactions at finite baryon density. A pedagogical derivation of the baryon current anomaly is given.