LLukas22/scidocs huggingface dataset:
SDMEC: Software Defined System for Mobile Edge Computing

Mobile Edge Computing (MEC) promises a paradigm shift in enabling efficient Mobile Cloud Computing (MCC) services by providing storage and processing capacity within the access range of the mobile devices. In MEC, Mobile Edge (ME) servers are placed at the edge of the mobile networks eliminating the need to offload compute-/storage-intensive tasks of the mobile devices to the core of the network (the centralized cloud data center). This reduces the network latency and enhances the quality of service provided for the mobile end users. Different applications can benefit from the large scale deployments of ME servers such as smart grid applications, content delivery networks, content sharing, traffic management, and E-health applications. This promising paradigm comes with its own downside related to the management complexity of large scale deployments that offers hundreds of applications to millions of users. In this paper, we introduce a software defined based framework to enable efficient MCC services through the integration of different software defined system components with the MEC system.
A fog computing based smart grid model

Traditional electric generation based on fossil fuel consumption threatens the humanity with global warming, climate change, and increased carbon emission. Renewable resources such as wind or solar power are the solution to these problems. The smart grid is the only choice to integrate green power resources into the energy distribution system, control power usage, and balance energy load. Smart grids employ smart meters which are responsible for two-way flows of electricity information to monitor and manage the electricity consumption. In a large smart grid, smart meters produce tremendous amount of data that are hard to process, analyze and store even with cloud computing. Fog computing is an environment that offers a place for collecting, computing and storing smart meter data before transmitting them to the cloud. This environment acts as a bridge in the middle of the smart grid and the cloud. It is geographically distributed and overhauls cloud computing via additional capabilities including reduced latency, increased privacy and locality for smart grids. This study overviews fog computing in smart grids by analyzing its capabilities and issues. It presents the state-of-the-art in area, defines a fog computing based smart grid and, gives a use case scenario for the proposed model.
Esthetic outcomes following immediate and early implant placement in the anterior maxilla--a systematic review.

PURPOSE
The objectives of this systematic review are (1) to quantitatively estimate the esthetic outcomes of implants placed in postextraction sites, and (2) to evaluate the influence of simultaneous bone augmentation procedures on these outcomes.


MATERIALS AND METHODS
Electronic and manual searches of the dental literature were performed to collect information on esthetic outcomes based on objective criteria with implants placed after extraction of maxillary anterior and premolar teeth. All levels of evidence were accepted (case series studies required a minimum of 5 cases).


RESULTS
From 1,686 titles, 114 full-text articles were evaluated and 50 records included for data extraction. The included studies reported on single-tooth implants adjacent to natural teeth, with no studies on multiple missing teeth identified (6 randomized controlled trials, 6 cohort studies, 5 cross-sectional studies, and 33 case series studies). Considerable heterogeneity in study design was found. A meta-analysis of controlled studies was not possible. The available evidence suggests that esthetic outcomes, determined by esthetic indices (predominantly the pink esthetic score) and positional changes of the peri-implant mucosa, may be achieved for single-tooth implants placed after tooth extraction. Immediate (type 1) implant placement, however, is associated with a greater variability in outcomes and a higher frequency of recession of > 1 mm of the midfacial mucosa (eight studies; range 9% to 41% and median 26% of sites, 1 to 3 years after placement) compared to early (type 2 and type 3) implant placement (2 studies; no sites with recession > 1 mm). In two retrospective studies of immediate (type 1) implant placement with bone graft, the facial bone wall was not detectable on cone beam CT in 36% and 57% of sites. These sites had more recession of the midfacial mucosa compared to sites with detectable facial bone. Two studies of early implant placement (types 2 and 3) combined with simultaneous bone augmentation with GBR (contour augmentation) demonstrated a high frequency (above 90%) of facial bone wall visible on CBCT. Recent studies of immediate (type 1) placement imposed specific selection criteria, including thick tissue biotype and an intact facial socket wall, to reduce esthetic risk. There were no specific selection criteria for early (type 2 and type 3) implant placement.


CONCLUSIONS
Acceptable esthetic outcomes may be achieved with implants placed after extraction of teeth in the maxillary anterior and premolar areas of the dentition. Recession of the midfacial mucosa is a risk with immediate (type 1) placement. Further research is needed to investigate the most suitable biomaterials to reconstruct the facial bone and the relationship between long-term mucosal stability and presence/absence of the facial bone, the thickness of the facial bone, and the position of the facial bone crest.
OPTIMIZATION OF TURNING PARAMETERS FOR SURFACE ROUGHNESS USING RSM AND

The paper presents an experimental study of roughness characteristics of surface profile generated in CNC turning of AISI 1040 mild steel and optimization of machining parameters based on genetic algorithm. The three level rotatable central composite designs are employed for developing mathematical models for predicting surface roughness parameters. Response surface methodology is applied successfully in analyzing the effect of process parameters on different surface roughness parameters. The second order mathematical models in terms of machining parameters are developed based on experimental results. The experimentation is carried out considering three machining parameters, viz., depth of cut, spindle speed and feed rate as independent variables and three different roughness parameters, viz., centre line average roughness, root mean square roughness and mean line peak spacing as response variables. It is seen that the surface roughness parameters decrease with increase in depth of cut and spindle speed but increase with increase in feed rate. The models selected for optimization have been validated with F-test. The adequacy of the models of surface roughness has been established with Analysis of Variance (ANOVA). An attempt has also been made to optimize the cutting parameters using genetic algorithm to achieve minimum surface roughness.
Linear ablation lesions for control of unmappable ventricular tachycardia in patients with ischemic and nonischemic cardiomyopathy.

BACKGROUND
Conventional activation mapping is difficult without inducible, stable ventricular tachycardia (VT).


METHODS AND RESULTS
We evaluated 16 patients with drug refractory, unimorphic, unmappable VT. Nine patients had ischemic and 7 had nonischemic cardiomyopathy. All patients had implantable defibrillators and had experienced 6 to 55 VT episodes during the month before treatment. Patients underwent bipolar catheter mapping during baseline rhythm. The amount of endocardium with an abnormal electrogram amplitude was estimated using fluoroscopy in 3 patients and a magnetic mapping system (CARTO) in 13 patients. For the magnetic mapping, normal endocardium was defined by an amplitude >1.5 mV; this measurement was based on sinus rhythm maps in 6 patients who did not have structural heart disease. Radiofrequency point lesions extended linearly from the "dense scar," which had a voltage amplitude <0.5 mV, to anatomic boundaries or normal endocardium. To limit radiofrequency applications, 12-lead ECG during VT and pacemapping guided placement of linear lesions. No new antiarrhythmic drug therapy was added. The amount of endocardium demonstrating an abnormal electrogram amplitude ranged from 25 to 127 cm(2). A total of 8 to 87 radiofrequency lesions (mean, 55) produced a median of 4 linear lesions that had an average length of 3.9 cm (range, 1.4 to 9. 4 cm). Twelve patients (75%) have been free of VT during 3 to 36 months of follow-up (median, 8 months); 4 patients had VT episodes at 1, 3, 9, and 13 months, respectively. Only one of these patient had frequent VT.


CONCLUSIONS
Radiofrequency linear endocardial lesions extending from the dense scar to the normal myocardium or anatomic boundary seem effective in controlling unmappable VT.
Automatically Acquiring Conceptual Patterns without an Annotated Corpus

Previous work on automated dictionary construction for information extraction has relied on annotated text corpora. However, annotating a corpus is time-consuming and difficult. We propose that conceptual patterns for information extraction can be acquired automatically using only a preclassified training corpus and no text annotations. We describe a system called AutoSlog-TS, which is a variation of our previous AutoSlog system, that runs exhaustively on an untagged text corpus. Text classification experiments in the MUC-4 terrorism domain show that the AutoSlog-TS dictionary performs comparably to a hand-crafted dictionary, and actually achieves higher precision on one test set. For text classification, AutoSlog-TS requires no manual effort beyond the preclassified training corpus. Additional experiments suggest how a dictionary produced by AutoSlog-TS can be filtered automatically for information extraction tasks. Some manual intervention is still required in this case, but AutoSlog-TS significantly reduces the amount of effort required to create an appropriate training corpus. 1 I n t r o d u c t i o n In the last few years, significant progress has been made toward automatically acquiring conceptual patterns for information extraction (e.g., [Riloff, 1993; Kim and Moldovan, 1993]). However, previous approaches require an annotated training corpus or some other type of manually encoded training data. Annota ted training corpora are expensive to build, both in terms of the time and the expertise required to create them. Furthermore, training corpora for information extraction are typically annota ted with domain-specific tags, in contrast to general-purpose annotations such as part-of-speech tags or noun-phrase bracketing (e.g., the Brown Corpus [Francis and Kucera, 1982] and the Penn Treebank [Marcus et al., 1993]). Consequently, a new training corpus must be annotated for each domain. We have begun to explore the possibility of using an untagged corpus to automatically acquire conceptual pat terns for information extraction. Our approach uses a combination of domainindependent linguistic rules and statistics. The linguistic rules are based on our previous system, AutoSlog [Riloff, 1993], which automatically constructs dictionaries for information extraction using an annotated training corpus. We have put a new spin on the original system by applying it exhaustively to an untagged but preclassified training corpus (i.e., a corpus in which the texts have been manually classified as either relevant or irrelevant). Statistics are then used to sift through the myriad of pat terns that it produces. The new system, AutoSlog-TS, can generate a conceptual dictionary of extraction pat terns for a domain from a preclassified text corpus.
Evaluation of haptotherapy for patients with cancer treated with chemotherapy at a day clinic.

OBJECTIVE
The purpose of this study was to evaluate a haptotherapeutic treatment and its effects on the perceived well-being of patients with cancer treated with chemotherapy in day care.


METHODS
The study had a pre-test-post-test semi-experimental design, with 31 patients in the intervention group and 26 in the control group. Patients in the control group were matched with patients in the experimental condition with respect to age, gender, type of cancer, type of chemotherapy, prognosis and the period between pre- and post-test. Standardized questionnaires were used measuring perceived well-being and satisfaction with care (haptotherapy). Indicators of well-being measured were quality of life, mood, meaning in life, general functioning, physical and psychological symptoms, sleep quality and body awareness. The intervention consisted of five haptotherapy sessions of 45 minutes each. Patients in the control condition received standard medical care.


RESULTS
Patients were highly satisfied with the haptotherapy treatment, and especially valued the personal attention and the relaxation they experienced. The haptotherapy treatment improved both the perceived general quality of life and the perceived cognitive and social functioning of patients. No improvement was found for mood, meaning in life, general functioning, physical symptoms, sleep quality and body awareness.


CONCLUSION
It may be concluded that haptotherapy positively contributes to several indicators of perceived well-being of patients with cancer during the period they receive chemotherapy. More rigorous experimental studies are necessary in this field, especially concerning randomization, number of participants and homogeneity of the sample.


PRACTICE IMPLICATIONS
Haptotherapy as a type of complementary medicine is a potentially valuable and effective intervention to raise the well-being of patients with cancer undergoing invasive treatments like chemotherapy.
Euclidean Voronoi diagram of 3D balls and its computation via tracing edges

Despite its important applications in various disciplines in science and engineering, the Euclidean Voronoi diagram for spheres, also known as an additively weighted Voronoi diagram, in 3D space has not been studied as much as it deserves. In this paper, we present an algorithm to compute the Euclidean Voronoi diagram for 3D spheres with different radii. The presented algorithm follows Voronoi edges one by one until the construction is completed in O(mn) time in the worst-case, where m is the number of edges in the Voronoi diagram and n is the number of spherical balls. As building blocks, we show that Voronoi edges are conics that can be precisely represented as rational quadratic Bézier curves. We also discuss how to conveniently represent and process Voronoi faces which are hyperboloids of two sheets. q 2005 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Power efficient communication protocols for data gathering on mobile sensor networks

A critical issue in wireless sensor networks is how to gather sensed information in an energy efficient way, since there is limited energy in a sensor node. Many protocols have been proposed for data gathering, or communication, between wireless sensor nodes. However, most of these protocols work on static wireless sensor networks. We provide clustering-based and time-driven protocols which minimize energy dissipation for data gathering in wireless mobile sensor networks where the sensor nodes are able to move. For example, the sensor nodes may be attached to moving objects for tracking. Our protocols consist of three major phases based on the LEACH (low-energy adaptive clustering hierarchy) protocol: (1) cluster-head election; (2) organizing clusters; (3) message transmission. First, we consider node mobility when organizing clusters. Our protocols have a sensor node select the proper cluster-head to join in order to save energy. Then, we consider how to elect the cluster-heads and provide an algorithm for cluster-head election. Last, we implement all the protocols and perform experiments for evaluating the protocols. Simulation results show that our protocols are more energy-efficient and make the system lifetime 40-55% longer than LEACH.
Severity Adjusted Risk of Long-term Adverse Sequelae Among Children With Osteomyelitis.

BACKGROUND
The purpose of this investigation was to evaluate the risk for long-term, adverse outcomes among children with osteomyelitis.


METHODS
Children with osteomyelitis were prospectively enrolled from 2012 to 2014. Care was accomplished by a multidisciplinary team according to an institutional algorithm. Data were collected to define the severity of illness during the initial hospitalization and assess short, intermediate and long-term outcomes. Clinical examination, radiographic assessment and functional outcome survey administration were performed at a minimum of 2 year follow-up. A comparison cohort analysis was performed according to initial severity of illness score of mild (0-2), moderate (3-6) and severe (7-10).


RESULTS
Of 195 children enrolled, 139 (71.3%) returned for follow-up at an average of 2.4 years (range, 2.0-5.0 years). Children with severe illness were less likely to have normal radiographs (severe, 4.0%; moderate, 38.2%; mild, 53.2%, P < 0.0001), and more likely to have osteonecrosis, chondrolysis, or deformity (severe, 32.0%; moderate, 5.9%; mild, 1.3%, P < 0.0001). Functional outcome measures did not significantly differ between severity categories. By regression analysis severity of illness score, plus age less than 3 years and Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus predicted severe sequelae with an area under the curve of 0.8617 and an increasing odds ratio of 1.34 per point of increase in severity score.


CONCLUSION
Long-term severe adverse outcomes among children with osteomyelitis occurred in 11 of 139 (7.9%) children and were predicted by initial severity of illness. Other risks that diminished the likelihood of complete resolution or increased the risk of severe sequelae included Methicillin-resistant Staphylcoccus aureus etiology and young age. The majority of children with osteomyelitis do not require long-term follow-up beyond the initial treatment period.
Wound healing Agents from Medicinal Plants: A Review

Healing of wounds starts from the moment of injury and can continue for varying periods of time depending on the extent of wounding and the process can be broadly categorized into three stages; inflammatory phase, proliferate phase, and finally the remodeling phase which ultimately determines the strength and appearance of the healed tissue [1,2]. Wounds are the physical injuries that result in an opening or breaking of the skin and appropriate method for healing of wounds is essential for the restoration of disrupted anatomical continuity and disturbed functional status of the skin [3]. Wound healing is a complex series of interrelated events that are mediated through the phases by a wide range of chemically co-ordinate cellular processes as well as hormonal influences [4]. Medicinal plants have been shown to possess wound healing activity in animal studies [5,6].
Bioaccumulation of mercury in pelagic freshwater food webs.

Current paradigms regarding the bioaccumulation of mercury are rooted in observations that monomethyl mercury (meHg) biomagnifies along pelagic food chains. However, mechanisms regulating the formation of meHg, its initial incorporation at the base of pelagic food chains, and its subsequent trophic transfer remain controversial. Here we use field data from 15 northern Wisconsin lakes, equilibrium aqueous speciation modeling, and statistical modeling to revisit several hypotheses about the uptake, distribution, and fate of inorganic Hg (HgII) and meHg in aquatic biota. Our field data comprise determinations of total Hg (HgT) and meHg in surface waters, sediments, microseston, zooplankton, and small fish in each of the study lakes. For these lake waters, strong positive correlations between DOC and aqueous concentrations of mercury along with negative correlations between DOC and the seston-water partitioning of mercury indicate that organic ligands bind HgII and meHg strongly enough to dominate their apparent aqueous speciation. In the microseston, zooplankton and fish, meHg concentrations and bioaccumulation factors (BAFs) increased with increasing trophic level while biotic concentrations of HgII decreased--indicating that meHg was indeed the biomagnified species of mercury. For all trophic levels, meHg concentrations varied positively with the calculated aqueous concentration of meHg+ (free ion), especially when coupled with pH, or meHgOH (hydroxide) species but not with meHgCl0, the neutral chloride complex. These findings suggest that: (1) the passive uptake of meHg does not control bioaccumulation at the base of aquatic food webs in nature (i.e. phyto- and bacterioplankton); (2) correlation with pH and DOC largely reflect the supply and bioavailability of meHg to lower trophic levels; and (3) meHg concentrations at higher trophic levels reflect uptake at low trophic levels and other factors, such as diet and growth. Low concentrations of meHg in surficial sediments indicate that the fates of biotic HgII and meHg are different. Most biotic meHg is demethylated rather than buried in lake sediments.
In vivo and ex vivo responses of CLL cells to purine analogs combined with alkylating agent.

BACKGROUND
The heterogeneity of chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) is thought to be due to differences in the expression of factors that regulate apoptosis and cell cycle, giving rise to diverse apoptotic disturbances and tumor properties. Therefore, the primary goal in CLL treatment is to overcome resistance to apoptosis and efficiently trigger this process in leukemic cells.


METHODS
Mononuclear cells were obtained from the blood of CLL patients by Histopaque-1077 sedimentation. CLL cell samples from the blood of drug treated patients, (cladribine or fludarabine with cyclophosphamide; CC or FC), as well as the cell samples of untreated patients exposed to the used drug combinations (CM, FM) or mafosfamide alone for 48 h were fractionated into nuclear and cytoplasmic fractions or were lysed. DNA fragmentation was evaluated by agarose electrophoresis and also cytometrically as sub-G1 population. The expression of apoptosis related proteins and H1.2 histone translocation were evaluated in lysates and nuclear and cytoplasmic fractions, respectively with appropriate antibodies.


RESULTS
Cladribine (C) and fludarabine (F) combined with cyclophosphamide/mafosfamide in vivo, as well as ex vivo trigger apoptosis in CLL cells. These drug combinations (CC; FC/CM; FM) induce leukemic cell apoptosis confirmed by DNA fragmentation, sub-G1 cell number, down-regulation of anti-apoptotic proteins (Mcl-1, Bcl-2), and H1.2 histone translocation in comparison with appropriate control cells, however, to a different degree.


CONCLUSIONS
The kinetics and rate of drug-induced apoptosis in leukemic cells under ex vivo experiments differ between patients, mirroring the differences noticed during in vivo treatment. Individual model cell samples indicate comparable susceptibility to the used drug combinations under in vivo and ex vivo conditions.
An Efficient Algorithm for the Longest Tandem Scattered Subsequence Problem

The paper deals with the problem of finding a tandem scattered subsequence of maximum length (LTS) for a given character sequence. A sequence is referred to as tandem if it can be split into two identical sequences. An efficient algorithm for the LTS problem is presented and is shown to have O(n) computational complexity and linear memory complexity with respect to the length n of the analysed sequence. A conjecture is put forward and discussed, stating that the complexity of the given algorithm may not be easily improved. Finally, the potential application of the solution to the LTS problem in approximate tandem substring matching in DNA sequences is discussed.