LLukas22/scidocs huggingface dataset:
Dual-$V_{th}$ Independent-Gate FinFETs for Low Power Logic Circuits

This paper describes the electrode work-function, oxide thickness, gate-source/drain underlap, and silicon thick ness optimization required to realize dual-Vth independent-gate FinFETs. Optimum values for these FinFET design parameters are derived using the physics-based University of Florida SPICE model for double-gate devices, and the optimized FinFETs are simulated and validated using Sentaurus TCAD simulations. Dual-Vth FinFETs with independent gates enable series and parallel merge transformations in logic gates, realizing compact low power alternative gates with competitive performance and reduced input capacitance in comparison to conventional FinFET gates. Furthermore, they also enable the design of a new class of compact logic gates with higher expressive power and flexibility than conventional CMOS gates, e.g., implementing 12 unique Boolean functions using only four transistors. Circuit designs that balance and improve the performance of the novel gates are described. The gates are designed and calibrated using the University of Florida double-gate model into conventional and enhanced technology libraries. Synthesis results for 16 benchmark circuits from the ISCAS and OpenSPARC suites indicate that on average at 2 GHz, the enhanced library reduces total power and the number of fins by 36% and 37%, respectively, over a conventional library designed using shorted-gate FinFETs in 32 nm technology.
Immediate rehabilitation of the completely edentulous jaw with fixed prostheses supported by either upright or tilted implants: a multicenter clinical study.

PURPOSE
The aims of this study were to assess the treatment outcome of immediately loaded full-arch screw-retained prostheses with distal extensions supported by both upright and tilted implants for the rehabilitation of edentulous jaws and to compare the outcomes of upright versus tilted implants.


MATERIALS AND METHODS
At 4 study centers, 342 Osseotite NT implants were consecutively placed in 65 patients (96 implants were placed in 24 mandibles and 246 implants in 41 maxillae). The 2 distal implants were tilted by 25 to 35 degrees. Provisional full-arch restorations made of a titanium framework and acrylic resin teeth were delivered within 48 hours of surgery and immediately loaded. The final prosthesis was delivered after 3 months of healing.


RESULTS
Three implants failed during the first year and another 2 within 18 months of loading in the maxilla. The cumulative implant survival rate for the maxilla was 97.59% for up to 40 months of follow-up. No implant failure was recorded for the mandible. The prosthetic success rate was 100%. Marginal bone loss around upright and tilted implants was similar. Patients were satisfied of their esthetics, phonetics, and function.


CONCLUSION
The preliminary results of this study suggest that immediate rehabilitation of the edentulous maxilla and mandible by a hybrid prosthesis supported by 6 or 4 implants, respectively, may represent a viable treatment alternative with respect to more demanding surgical procedures. The clinical results indicate that immediately loaded tilted implants may achieve the same outcome as upright implants in both jaws.
The quality of online social relationships

Online relationships are less valuable than offline ones. Indeed, their net benefit depends on whether they supplement or substitute for offline social relationships.
Intravascular papillary endothelial hyperplasia: histomorphological and immunohistochemical features

BACKGROUND
Intravascular papillary endothelial hyperplasia (IPEH) is a benign intravascular process with features mimicking other benign and malignant vascular proliferations. IPEH lesions predominate in the head-neck region and the extremities. The characteristic histomorphological feature of IPEH is a papillary structure covered with hyperplastic endothelial cells within the vascular lumen. It is critical that this clinically benign lesion should not be mistaken for well-differentiated vascular tumors. In addition to the characteristic histological features, other useful diagnostic features included the intra-luminal location of the lesion, an intimate association with the organizing thrombus, the absence of necrosis, cellular pleomorphism, and mitotic activity. In addition, immunohistochemistry may indicate the vascular origin and proliferative index. In this study, we evaluated histomorphological and immunohistochemical findings (CD31, CD34, FVIII, type IV collagen, SMA, MSA, CD105, and Ki-67 staining) of ten IPEH cases.


METHODS
Ten IPEH cases were re-examined for a panel of histomorphological and immunohistochemical features. CD31, CD34, FVIII, Type IV collagen, SMA and MSA antibodies utilized for immunohistochemical analysis.The histomorphological and immunohistochemical findings were evaluated by two independent pathologists using light microscopy.


RESULTS
All ten cases involved intraluminal lesions with characteristic features of IPEH. All ten cases (100%) were stained positive for CD31 and CD34. The degree of staining with FVIII, type IV collagen, SMA, and MSA was variable.


CONCLUSION
In this series of specimens, CD31 and CD34 were the most sensitive markers indicating the vascular origin of the lesion. Staining for the other vascular markers (FVIII, type IV collagen, SMA and MSA) was variable. Different maturation degrees of lesions may account for the variation in immunohistochemical staining. Few previous investigations evaluated a wide range of antigen panels in IPEH sections. In our opinion, the evaluation of immune markers in a larger sample set will reveal new features in the maturity and developmental pathogenesis of vascular lesions and angiogenesis. IPEH is a benign lesion, which must be differentiated from malignant tumors such as angiosarcoma and Kaposi's sarcoma. Improved definition of IPEH lesions using immunohistochemical markers may enhance the ability to differentiate between various vascular lesions.


VIRTUAL SLIDES
The virtual slide(s) for this article can be found here: http://www.diagnosticpathology.diagnomx.eu/vs/1381849312101856.
The compassionate sexist? How benevolent sexism promotes and undermines gender equality in the workplace.

Although sexist attitudes are generally thought to undermine support for employment equity (EE) policies supporting women, we argue that the effects of benevolent sexism are more complex. Across 4 studies, we extend the ambivalent sexism literature by examining both the positive and the negative effects benevolent sexism has for the support of gender-based EE policies. On the positive side, we show that individuals who endorse benevolent sexist attitudes on trait measures of sexism (Study 1) and individuals primed with benevolent sexist attitudes (Study 2) are more likely to support an EE policy, and that this effect is mediated by feelings of compassion. On the negative side, we find that this support extends only to EE policies that promote the hiring of women in feminine, and not in masculine, positions (Study 3 and 4). Thus, while benevolent sexism may appear to promote gender equality, it subtly undermines it by contributing to occupational gender segregation and leading to inaction in promoting women in positions in which they are underrepresented (i.e., masculine positions). (PsycINFO Database Record
Pre-surgical epilepsy evaluation using 3T MRI. Do surface coils provide additional information?

PURPOSE
To assess if 3T MRI can be further improved by adding surface coil imaging, in the context of detection and characterization of cerebral lesions in patients with drug-resistant epilepsy.


METHODS
Twenty five patients with drug-resistant epilepsy undergoing evaluation for epilepsy surgery were examined with high resolution 3T MRI. The patients were MRI-negative (n = 15), or had unclear findings (n = 10), on previous MRI at 1.0-1.5T. Surface coils were applied over the suspected epileptogenic zone after imaging in the head coil. In MRI-negative patients, placement of the coils was defined by semiological analysis, extracranial video-EEG, and, in selected cases, subtraction ictal SPECT co-registered with MRI and PET. Coil placement was re-analyzed and graded, based on the degree of convergence between different investigational modalities.


RESULTS
Surface coil MRI allowed visualization of the cortical lesions with somewhat better demarcation and detail, but did not contribute to detection of previously undiagnosed lesions and did not provide additional information regarding type of lesion. Possible epileptogenic lesions were detected on 3T MRI in 12 patients. No abnormalities were found in the remaining 13 patients. 3T MRI provided new or additional information about the cortex, compared with reports from previous 1.0-1.5T MRI in 5 patients (20%).


CONCLUSION
3T MRI with high resolution is valuable for lesion detection, especially MCD, in patients with drug-resistant epilepsy. We question the additional contribution from supplementary surface coil imaging at 3T MRI.
Successful treatment of chronic hepatitis C with triple therapy in an opioid agonist treatment program.

BACKGROUND
People who inject drugs (PWID) constitute 10 million people globally with hepatitis C virus, including many opioid agonist treatment patients. Little data exist describing clinical outcomes for patients receiving HCV treatment with direct-acting antiviral agents (DAAs) in opioid agonist treatment settings.


METHODS
In this retrospective observational study, we describe clinical outcomes for 50 genotype-1 patients receiving HCV treatment with triple therapy: telaprevir (n=42) or boceprevir (n=8) in combination with pegylated interferon and ribavirin on-site in an opioid agonist treatment program.


RESULTS
Overall, 70% achieved an end of treatment response (ETR) and 62% achieved a sustained virological response (SVR). These treatment outcomes are nearly equivalent to previously published HCV outcomes shown in registration trials, despite high percentages of recent drug use prior to treatment (52%), ongoing drug use during treatment (45%) and psychiatric comorbidity (86%). Only 12% (n=6) discontinued antiviral treatment early for non-virological reasons. Four patients received a blood transfusion, and one discontinued telaprevir due to severe rash.


CONCLUSIONS
These data demonstrate that on-site HCV treatment with direct-acting antiviral agents is effective in opioid agonist treatment patients including patients who are actively using drugs. Future interferon-free regimens will likely be even more effective. Opioid agonist treatment programs represent an opportunity to safely and effectively treat chronic hepatitis C, and PWID should have unrestricted access to DAAs.
A neural network approach for predicting software development faults

Accurately predicting the number of faults in program modules is a major problem in quality control of a large scale software system. In this paper, the use of the neural networks as a tool for predicting the number of faults in programs is explored. Software complezity metrics have been shown to be closely related to the distribution of faults in program modules. The objective in the construction of models of software quality is to use measures that may be obtained relatively early in the software development life cycle to provide reasonable initial estimates of quality of an evolving software system. Measures of software quality and software complexity to be used in this modeling process exhibit systematic departures of normality assumptions of regression modeling. Neural networks have been earlier applied in dynamic software reliability growth prediction [7]. This paper introduces a new approach for static reliability modeling and compares its performance in the modeling of software reliability from software complexity in terms of the predictive quality and the quality of fit with more traditional regression modeling techniques. The neural networks did produce models with better quality of fit and predictive quality when applied to one data set obtained from a large commercial system.
Transcriptome-wide studies of merkel cell carcinoma and validation of intratumoral CD8+ lymphocyte invasion as an independent predictor of survival.

PURPOSE
Merkel cell carcinoma (MCC) is a polyomavirus-associated skin cancer that is frequently lethal and lacks established prognostic biomarkers. This study sought to identify biomarkers that improve prognostic accuracy and provide insight into MCC biology.


PATIENTS AND METHODS
Gene expression profiles of 35 MCC tumors were clustered based on prognosis. The cluster of genes overexpressed in good-prognosis tumors was tested for biologic process enrichment. Relevant mRNA expression differences were confirmed by quantitative polymerase chain reaction and immunohistochemistry. An independent set of 146 nonoverlapping MCC tumors (median follow-up, 25 months among 116 living patients) was employed for biomarker validation. Univariate and multivariate Cox regression analyses were performed.


RESULTS
Immune response gene signatures were prominent in patients with good prognoses. In particular, genes associated with cytotoxic CD8+ lymphocytes were overexpressed in tumors from patients with favorable prognoses. In the independent validation set, cases with robust intratumoral CD8+ lymphocyte infiltration had improved outcomes (100% MCC-specific survival, n = 26) compared with instances characterized by sparse infiltration (60% survival, n = 120). Only stage and intratumoral CD8 infiltration (but not age, sex, or CD8+ lymphocytes localized to the tumor-stroma interface) were significant in both univariate and multivariate Cox regression analyses. Notably, traditional histologic identification of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes was not a significant independent predictor of survival.


CONCLUSION
Intratumoral CD8+ lymphocyte infiltration can be readily assessed on paraffin-embedded tissue, is independently associated with improved MCC-specific survival, and therefore, may provide prognostic information that enhances established MCC staging protocols.
Comparison of Sensory Profile scores of young children with and without autism spectrum disorders.

OBJECTIVES
The purpose of this study was to describe the sensory-based behaviors of young children with autism as reported by their parents on the Sensory Profile. Factor scores of children with autism were compared with those of children without autism.


METHOD
The Sensory Profile questionnaire was completed by parents of 40 children with autism 3 through 6 years of age and parents of 40 children without autism 3 through 6 years of age.


RESULTS
The performance of children with autism was significantly different from that of children without autism on 8 of 10 factors. Factors where differences were found included Sensory Seeking, Emotionally Reactive, Low Endurance/Tone, Oral Sensitivity, Inattention/Distractibility, Poor Registration, Fine Motor/Perceptual, and Other.


CONCLUSION
Findings from the study suggest that young children with autism have deficits in a variety of sensory processing abilities as measured by the Sensory Profile. Further research is needed to replicate these findings, to examine the possibility of subgroups on the basis of sensory processing, and to contrast the sensory processing abilities of children with other disabilities to those of children with autism.
Space for Transformation Relational, Dialogic Pedagogy

Given the current and historical trends favoring the view of teachers as passive followers of ‘‘expert’’ directives, teachers are in need of continuing education that encourages them to be active change agents in educational reform. Teachers need professional education that helps them critique trends which question the legitimacy of their knowledge and experience as vital to critical conversations about school improvement. In this article, we elucidate the epistemic stance and the dialogic, relational approach to pedagogy that we adopt during the 3-week Summer Cohort experience. Second, we describe and analyze one of these activities—autobiographical writing which sets the framework for the course in terms of the relational and dialogic processes of our pedagogy and suggest ways in which such writing provides spaces for transformation in our students. We hope to demonstrate the ways in which a relational epistemology and dialogic, relationally oriented pedagogy provides one way to invite teachers to personal and professional transformation.
Registration of dental atlas to radiographs for human identification

The human dental atlas contains a detailed description of each tooth in the mouth and their relative positions. Registering a dental radiograph to the dental atlas reveals the position and index of each tooth in the radiograph. This helps in establishing the correspondence of teeth when matching two radiographs for human identification. We propose a hidden Markov model (HMM) as an underlying representation of the dental atlas. In our model, the states representing the available teeth have discrete observations, namely the class of each tooth, and the states representing the missing teeth have continuous observations the distance between neighboring teeth. To classify the teeth, three support vector machines (SVMs) using different feature sets are combined using the average fusion method. Experimental results show that this registration algorithm is promising.
Learning Testing a Conception of How School Leadership Influences Student

Purpose: This article describes and reports the results of testing a new conception of how leadership influences student learning (“The Four Paths”). Framework: Leadership influence is conceptualized as flowing along four paths (Rational, Emotions, Organizational, and Family) toward student learning. Each path is populated by multiple variables with more or less powerful effects on student learning. Leaders increase student learning by improving the condition or status of selected variables on the Paths. Research Methods: Evidence includes teacher responses to an online survey (1,445 responses) measuring distributed leadership practices in their schools (N = 199) and variables mediating leaders’ effects on students. Grade 3 and 6 math and literacy achievement data were provided by the province’s annual testing program. The 2006 Canadian Census data provided a composite measure of school socioeconomic status. Path modeling techniques were used to test six hypotheses. Results: The Four Paths model as a whole explains 43% of the variation in student achievement. Variables on the Rational, Emotions, and Family Paths explain similarly significant amounts of that variation. Variables on the Organizational Path were unrelated to student achievement. Leadership had its greatest influence on the Organizational Path and least influence Article at Ebsco Electronic Journals Service (EJS) on June 20, 2012 eaq.sagepub.com Downloaded from 672 Educational Administration Quarterly 46(5) on the Family Path. Implications: School leaders and leadership researchers should be guided much more directly by existing evidence about school, classroom, and family variables with powerful effects on student learning as they make their school improvement and research design decisions.
Action’s Effect on Perception:

According to the action-specific perception account, people perceive the environment in terms of their ability to act in it. For example, softball players who are hitting better see the ball as bigger. Factors that affect ability and thus influence perception include body size, body control and coordination, energetic potential, and the challenges of the task. Acknowledging the influence of ability on perception challenges the traditional view that perception provides an objective, behaviorally independent representation of the environment. Instead, perception captures the mutual relationship between the environment and the perceiver’s abilities. Consequently, these effects are potentially adaptive for helping perceivers plan future actions based on their abilities.
Forth and AI revisited: BRAIN.FORTH

Six years ago in this journal we discussed the work of Arthur T. Murray, who endeavored to explore artificial intelligence using the Forth programming language [1]. His creation, which he called MIND.FORTH, was interesting in its ability to understand English sentences in the form: subject-verb-object. It also had the capacity to learn new things and to form mental associations between recent experiences and older memories. In the intervening years, Mr. Murray has continued to develop his MIND.FORTH: he has translated it into Visual BASIC, PERL and Javascript, he has written a book [2] on the subject, and he maintains a wiki web site where anyone may suggest changes or extensions to his design [3]. MIND.FORTH is necessarily complex and opaque by virtue of its functionality; therefore it may be challenging for a newcomer to grasp. However, the more dedicated student will find much of value in this code. Murray himself has become quite a controversial figure.
Cross-Layer Optimization for MIMO-Based Wireless Ad Hoc Networks: Routing, Power Allocation, and Bandwidth Allocation

MIMO-based communications systems have great potential to improve network capacity for wireless ad hoc networks. Due to unique physical layer characteristics associated with MIMO, network performance is tightly coupled with mechanisms at physical, link, and routing layers. So far, research on MIMO-based wireless ad hoc networks is still in its infancy and few results are available. In this paper, we consider the problem of jointly optimizing power and bandwidth allocation at each node and multi-hop/multi-path routing in a MIMO-based wireless ad hoc network. We develop a solution procedure to this cross-layer optimization problem and use simulations to validate the efficacy of this solution.