LLukas22/scidocs huggingface dataset:
On-Line Acoustic and Semantic Interpretation of Talker Information.

Recent work demonstrates that listeners utilize talker-specific information in the speech signal to inform real-time language processing. However, there are multiple representational levels at which this may take place. Listeners might use acoustic cues in the speech signal to access the talker’s identity and information about what they tend to talk about, which then immediately constrains processing. Alternatively, or simultaneously, listeners might compare the signal to acoustically-detailed representations of words, without awareness of the talker’s identity. In a series of eye-tracked comprehension experiments, we explore the circumstances under which listeners utilize talker-specific information. Experiments 1 and 2 demonstrate talker-specific recognition benefits for newly-learned words both in isolation (Experiment 1) and with preceding context (Experiment 2), but suggest that listeners do not strongly semantically associate talkers with referents. Experiment 3 demonstrates that listeners can recognize talkers rapidly, almost as soon as acoustic information is available, and can associate talkers with multiple arbitrary referents. Experiment 4 demonstrates that if talker identity is highly diagnostic on each trial, listeners readily associate talkers with specific referents, but do not seem to make such associations when diagnostic value is low. Implications for speech processing, talker processing, and learning are discussed. 2011 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
BPMN: An introduction to the standard

The Business Process Model and Notation (BPMN), formerly known as Business Process Modeling Notation, is the de-facto standard for representing in a very expressive graphical way the processes occurring in virtually every kind of organization one can think of, from cuisine recipes to the Nobel Prize assignment process, severe incident management, e-mail voting systems, travel booking procedures, to name few. In this work, we give an (rather condensed) overview of the BPMN standard, as devised by OMG and we present what are the links with other well-known machineries such as BPEL and XPDL. We also give an assessment of how the OMG's BPMN standard which is rather large and complex is perceived and used by practitioners in everyday business process modeling chores. URI: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0920548911000766 [1] Authors: CHINOSI Michele [2] TROMBETTA Alberto Publication Year: 2011 Type: Articles in Journals Publisher: ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV ISSN: 0920-5489 DOI: 10.1016/j.csi.2011.06.002 [3] Citation: COMPUTER STANDARDS & INTERFACES p. 124-134 no. 1 vol. 34 Source URL: https://ec.europa.eu/jrc/en/publication/articles-journals/bpmn-introduction-standard Links [1] http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0920548911000766 [2] https://ec.europa.eu/jrc/en/person/michele-chinosi [3] http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.csi.2011.06.002
Randomized clinical trial of bright light therapy for antepartum depression: preliminary findings.

BACKGROUND
Bright light therapy was shown to be a promising treatment for depression during pregnancy in a recent open-label study. In an extension of this work, we report findings from a double-blind placebo-controlled pilot study.


METHOD
Ten pregnant women with DSM-IV major depressive disorder were randomly assigned from April 2000 to January 2002 to a 5-week clinical trial with either a 7000 lux (active) or 500 lux (placebo) light box. At the end of the randomized controlled trial, subjects had the option of continuing in a 5-week extension phase. The Structured Interview Guide for the Hamilton Depression Scale-Seasonal Affective Disorder Version was administered to assess changes in clinical status. Salivary melatonin was used to index circadian rhythm phase for comparison with antidepressant results.


RESULTS
Although there was a small mean group advantage of active treatment throughout the randomized controlled trial, it was not statistically significant. However, in the longer 10-week trial, the presence of active versus placebo light produced a clear treatment effect (p =.001) with an effect size (0.43) similar to that seen in antidepressant drug trials. Successful treatment with bright light was associated with phase advances of the melatonin rhythm.


CONCLUSION
These findings provide additional evidence for an active effect of bright light therapy for antepartum depression and underscore the need for an expanded randomized clinical trial.
Unsupervised topic discovery in micro-blogging networks

Unsupervised automatic topic discovery in micro-blogging social networks is a very challenging task, as it involves the analysis of very short, noisy, ungrammatical and uncontextual messages. Most of the current approaches to this problem are basically syntactic, as they focus either on the use of statistical techniques or on the analysis of the co-occurrences between the terms. This paper presents a novel topic discovery methodology, based on the mapping of hashtags to WordNet terms and their posterior clustering, in which semantics plays a centre role. The paper also presents a detailed case study in the field of Oncology, in which the discovered topics are thoroughly compared to a golden standard, showing promising results. 2015 Published by Elsevier Ltd.
Orthogonal waveforms for FMCW MIMO radar

Multiple input/multiple output (MIMO) radar system performance benefits from the capability to simultaneously transmit and receive multiple orthogonal waveforms. For pulse radars fitting orthogonal waveforms have been developed. These waveforms are however not necessarily suitable for frequency-modulated continuous-wave (FMCW) radar. The major benefit of the FMCW radar principle is that the bandwidth of the beat signal is generally much smaller than the signal bandwidth, relaxing sampling requirements. Preferably, this benefit should be preserved when applying orthogonal waveforms in an FMCW MIMO radar configuration. In this paper, orthogonal waveforms compatible with the FMCW radar principle will be discussed and tested by experiment or simulation.
Stress and body shape: stress-induced cortisol secretion is consistently greater among women with central fat.

OBJECTIVE
Excessive central fat puts one at greater risk of disease. In animal studies, stress-induced cortisol secretion has been shown to increase central fat. The objective of this study was to assess whether women with central fat distribution (as indicated by a high waist-to-hip ratio [WHR]), across a range of body mass indexes, display consistently heightened cortisol reactivity to repeated laboratory stressors.


METHODS
Fifty-nine healthy premenopausal women, 30 with a high WHR and 29 with a low WHR, were exposed to consecutive laboratory sessions over 4 days (three stress sessions and one rest session). During these sessions, cortisol and psychological responses were assessed.


RESULTS
Women with a high WHR evaluated the laboratory challenges as more threatening, performed more poorly on them, and reported more chronic stress. These women secreted significantly more cortisol during the first stress session than women with a low WHR. Furthermore, lean women with a high WHR lacked habituation to stress in that they continued to secrete significantly more cortisol in response to now familiar challenges (days 2 and 3) than lean women with a low WHR.


CONCLUSIONS
Central fat distribution is related to greater psychological vulnerability to stress and cortisol reactivity. This may be especially true among lean women, who did not habituate to repeated stress. The current cross-sectional findings support the hypothesis that stress-induced cortisol secretion may contribute to central fat and demonstrate a link between psychological stress and risk for disease.
Evaluating Oral Stimulation as a Treatment for Dysphagia after Stroke

Deglutitive aspiration is common after stroke and can have devastating consequences. While the application of oral sensory stimulation as a treatment for dysphagia remains controversial, data from our laboratory have suggested that it may increase corticobulbar excitability, which in previous work was correlated with swallowing recovery after stroke. Our study assessed the effects of oral stimulation at the faucial pillar on measures of swallowing and aspiration in patients with dysphagic stroke. Swallowing was assessed before and 60 min after 0.2-Hz electrical or sham stimulation in 16 stroke patients (12 male, mean age = 73 ± 12 years). Swallowing measures included laryngeal closure (initiation and duration) and pharyngeal transit time, taken from digitally acquired videofluoroscopy. Aspiration severity was assessed using a validated penetration-aspiration scale. Preintervention, the initiation of laryngeal closure, was delayed in both groups, occurring 0.66 ± 0.17 s after the bolus arrived at the hypopharynx. The larynx was closed for 0.79 ± 0.07 s and pharyngeal transit time was 0.94 ± 0.06 s. Baseline swallowing measures and aspiration severity were similar between groups (stimulation: 24.9 ± 3.01; sham: 24.9 ± 3.3, p = 0.2). Compared with baseline, no change was observed in the speed of laryngeal elevation, pharyngeal transit time, or aspiration severity within subjects or between groups for either active or sham stimulation. Our study found no evidence for functional change in swallow physiology after faucial pillar stimulation in dysphagic stroke. Therefore, with the parameters used in this study, oral stimulation does not offer an effective treatment for poststroke patients.
A Self-determination Theory Perspective on Student Engagement

This chapter pursues three goals. First, it overviews selfdetermination theory (SDT). SDT is a macrotheory of motivation comprised of fi ve interrelated minitheories—basic needs theory, organismic integration theory, goal contents theory, cognitive evaluation theory, and causality orientations theory. Each minitheory was created to explain specifi c motivational phenomena and to address specifi c research questions. Second, the chapter uses the student-teacher dialectical framework within SDT to explain how classroom conditions sometimes support but other times neglect and frustrate students’ motivation, engagement, and positive classroom functioning. Third, the chapter highlights student engagement. In doing so, it overviews recent classroom-based, longitudinally designed research to reveal three new and important functions of student engagement—namely, that student engagement fully mediates and explains the motivation-toachievement relation, that changes in engagement produce changes in the learning environment, and that changes in engagement produce changes in motivation, as students’ behavioral, emotional, cognitive, and agentic engagements represent actions taken not only to learn but also to meet psychological needs. The chapter concludes with implications for teachers and with suggestions for future research. J. Reeve (*) Department of Education , Korea University , Anam-Dong, Seongbuk-Gu Seoul , 136-701 Korea e-mail: reeve@korea.ac.kr A Self-determination Theory Perspective on Student Engagement*
Waiting for scheduled services in Canada: development of priority-setting scoring systems.

RATIONALE, AIMS AND OBJECTIVES
An Achilles' heel of Canadian Medicare is long waits for elective services. The Western Canada Waiting List (WCWL) project is a collaboration of 19 partner organizations committed to addressing this issue and influencing the way waiting lists are structured and managed. The focus of the WCWL project has been to develop and refine practical tools for prioritizing patients on scheduled waiting lists.


METHODS
Scoring tools for priority setting were developed through extensive clinical input and highly iterative exchange by clinical panels constituted in five clinical areas: cataract surgery; general surgery procedures; hip and knee replacement; magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scanning, and children's mental health. Several stages of empirical work were conducted to formulate and refine criteria and to assess and improve their reliability and validity. To assess the acceptability and usability of the priority-setting tools and to identify issues pertaining to implementation, key personnel in the seven regional health authorities (RHAs) participated in structured interviews. Public opinion focus groups were conducted in the seven western cities.


RESULTS
Point-count scoring systems were constructed in each of the clinical areas. Participating clinicians confirmed that the tools offered face validity and that the scoring systems appeared practical for implementation and use in clinical settings. Reliability was strongest for the general surgery and hip and knee criteria, and weakest for the diagnostic MRI criteria. Public opinion focus groups endorsed wholeheartedly the application of point-count priority measures. Regional health authorities were generally supportive, though cautiously optimistic towards implementation.


CONCLUSIONS
While the WCWL project has not 'solved' the problem of waiting lists and times, having a standardized, reliable means of assigning priority for services is an important step towards improved management in Canada and elsewhere.
Mechanism of attenuation of morphine antinociception by chronic treatment with L-arginine.

The effects of twice-daily injections of L-arginine or D-arginine (200 mg/kg i.p.) for 4 days on morphine-induced antinociception, brain nitric oxide synthase activity and brain and serum distribution of morphine and brain mu-opioid receptors labeled with [3H][D-Ala2,MePhe4,Gly5-ol]enkephalin were determined in male Swiss-Webster mice. Chronic treatment with L-arginine, but not D-arginine, decreased the antinociceptive response to morphine in mice, increased the activity of nitric oxide synthase in the midbrain and decreased brain levels of morphine, compared with vehicle-injected controls. Significant decreases in morphine levels were observed in midbrain, pons and medulla, hippocampus, striatum and spinal cord of L-arginine-treated mice, in comparison with vehicle-injected mice. However, the levels of morphine in cortex, amygdala and hypothalamus of L-arginine- or D-arginine-treated mice did not differ from those of vehicle-injected controls. Acute treatment with L-arginine (200 mg/kg i.p.) or D-arginine (200 mg/kg i.p.) did not modify either morphine antinociception or morphine distribution in brain regions or the spinal cord. Chronic administration of L-arginine or D-arginine did not alter the Bmax or Kd values of [3H][D-Ala2,MePhe4,Gly5-ol]enkephalin binding to the mouse brain membranes. These results suggest that chronic treatment with L-arginine reduces the antinociceptive effect of morphine by increasing brain nitric oxide synthase activity and by decreasing the concentration of morphine in certain brain regions and spinal cord.
Upper lip changes and gingival exposure on smiling: vertical dimension analysis.

INTRODUCTION
Our objectives were to evaluate and quantify upper lip soft-tissue changes in the vertical dimensions both at rest and at maximum smile, and to examine the correlation between upper labial vestibular attachment height and maxillary gingival exposure on smiling.


METHODS
Seventy-two volunteers (36 men, 36 women) aged 20 to 40 (mean, 30.49 years) were recruited for this study. For each subject, 9 measurements of upper lip position and maxillary incisor crown height at rest and in maximum smile were recorded.


RESULTS
A statistically significant sexual dimorphism was apparent in most of the measured variables. Relaxed external upper lip length was 3.1 mm shorter in the women than in the men. The mean maxillary central incisor display at rest was 1.78 mm greater in the women than in the men. A high smile line was 2.5 times more prevalent in the women. The upper lip was shortened by 30% in subjects with a high smile line compared with 23% in subjects with a low smile line.


CONCLUSIONS
The following findings were observed in subjects with a high smile pattern: (1) short upper lip length, (2) low smiling/resting upper lip length ratio, (3) inferior attachment of the upper labial vestibule, and (4) prominent upper lip vermilion.
Spin-resolved quantum-dot resonance fluorescence

Confined spins in self-assembled semiconductor quantum dots promise to serve both as probes for studying mesoscopic physics in the solid state and as stationary qubits for quantum-information science1–7. Moreover, the excitations of self-assembled quantum dots can interact with nearinfrared photons, providing an interface between stationary and ‘flying’ qubits. Here, we report the observation of spinselective photon emission from a resonantly driven quantumdot transition. The Mollow triplet8 in the scattered photon spectrum—the hallmark of resonance fluorescence when an optical transition is driven resonantly—is presented as a natural way to spectrally isolate the photons of interest from the original driving field. We also demonstrate that the relative frequencies of the two spin-tagged photon states can be tuned independent of an applied magnetic field through the spin-selective dynamic Stark effect, induced by the same driving laser. This demonstration should be a step towards the realization of challenging tasks such as electron-spin readout, heralded single-photon generation for linear-optics quantum computing and spin–photon entanglement. In the realm of solid-state emitters generating flying qubits, milestone achievements so far include single-photon antibunching9,10, entangled photon-pair generation11 and cavity quantum electrodynamics in the strong coupling regime12–14. A common feature in all of these studies is the incoherent pumping of the quantum-dot transitions through carrier generation in either the host matrix such as GaAs or the quasi-continuum states above the higher-lying confined states of the quantum dot. This excitation method leads to photon-emission-time jitter and spectral wandering of the quantum-dot transition larger than the transition’s linewidth. Both effects reduce the usefulness of non-resonantly generated single photons in linear-optics quantum computing algorithms15, even if the quantum dot is coupled to a cavity. In an attempt to both address this previous shortcoming and provide spectrally selective access to the quantum-dot electronic transitions, increasing attention has turned to resonant optical excitation. So far, resonant optical addressing of quantum dots has relied predominantly on a remarkably powerful laser-based spectroscopy technique: differential transmission16. Although differential transmission has enabled progress in spin-selective excitation of quantum dots, access to the scattered photons correlated with the quantum-dot spin has proven elusive. Recently, differential transmission and, independently, cavity-assisted temporal correlation measurements have shown clear signatures of dressed-state formation under strong laser light excitation on neutral quantum dots17–21. Noting all successful quantum-information science (QIS) implementations on well-developed qubit candidates, such as trapped ions, have relied on spin-selective resonance scattering22, it is clear that an immediate goal for quantum dots is the observation of
Chinese Foreign Investment in Wine Production: A Comparative Study of the Bordeaux Region in France and Western Australia

Abstract This chapter explores the extent and nature of outward Foreign Direct Investment (OFDI) by Chinese companies in the wine sectors in the Bordeaux region of France and in Western Australia. Primary field research was undertaken along with analysis of secondary trade data. Results indicate that overall, the level of Chinese OFDI is relatively low. The motivations of investors in both wine regions were identified as the following: to exploit growing domestic wine markets; to achieve reliability and security of wine supply and to leverage the prestige that tends to be associated with this industry globally. In Bordeaux the ‘appellation’ was a clear motivation, as were the vineyards’ historic buildings. In Australia, cementing existing business relationships, as well as access to Australian residency were seen to be strong drivers of investment. Recently, both trade to China and new investment from China have fallen in the industry, due, in part, to the impact of an anticorruption drive by the Chinese government. Some managerial implications for the industry are highlighted and directions for future research identified.
Generalized Deformable Spatial Pyramid: Geometry-preserving dense correspondence estimation

We present a Generalized Deformable Spatial Pyramid (GDSP) matching algorithm for calculating the dense correspondence between a pair of images with large appearance variations. The main challenges of the problem generally originate in appearance dissimilarities and geometric variations between images. To address these challenges, we improve the existing Deformable Spatial Pyramid (DSP) [10] model by generalizing the search space and devising the spatial smoothness. The former is leveraged by rotations and scales, and the latter simultaneously considers dependencies between high-dimensional labels through the pyramid structure. Our spatial regularization in the high-dimensional space enables our model to effectively preserve the meaningful geometry of objects in the input images while allowing for a wide range of geometry variations such as perspective transform and non-rigid deformation. The experimental results on public datasets and challenging scenarios show that our method outperforms the state-of-the-art methods both qualitatively and quantitatively.
Perspectives on critical care nursing: South Africa

v The first critical care units in South Africa were established in the early 1960s. v Critical care nursing education is provided on two levels: as a post-registration diploma and as a post-graduate (Masters) degree. v South African critical care nurses are independent, accountable practitioners who function within a professional ethical framework. v Currently there is an acute shortage of critical care nurses, and only around 26% of the nurses working in critical care are suitably trained. v In South Africa, nurses describe the experience of working in critical care as a ‘passionate nightmare’.
Application and implementation of the GINA asthma guidelines by specialist and primary care physicians: a longitudinal follow-up study on 264 children.

AIMS
To implement GINA guidelines and to assess their impact on the management of childhood asthma.


METHODS
A working group of primary care physicians (PCPs) and specialists developed a GINA-based clinical pathway. We then monitored the impact on 385 children (aged 0-15 years) referred to the respiratory outpatients clinic at the University Children's Hospital, Brescia, Italy by 179 PCPs between September 2003 and July 2005.


RESULTS
Mean follow-up for 264 children with complete datasets was 10 months. Guidelines were followed by 94.6% of the PCPs. 98.6% of children learned to manage exacerbations. Half of the patients with persistent symptoms became intermittently symptomatic. Maintenance treatment was suspended in 47.2%, reduced in 27.6%, and increased in 4.9%. Asthma severity diminished (p<0.0001) and requirement for medication for exacerbations was significantly reduced (p<0.0001).


CONCLUSIONS
Regular specialist visits, a website, and a written management plan shared by all those involved, led to clinical improvements as well as a reduction in, and more efficient use of, asthma medication.