LLukas22/scidocs huggingface dataset:
Cognitive-behavioral therapy for bulimia nervosa and atypical bulimic nervosa: effectiveness in clinical settings.

OBJECTIVE
The efficacy of cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) for bulimic disorders has been established in research trials. This study examined whether that efficacy can be translated into effectiveness in routine clinical practice.


METHOD
Seventy-eight adult women with bulimic disorders (bulimia nervosa and atypical bulimia nervosa) undertook individual CBT, with few exclusion criteria and a treatment protocol based on evidence-based approaches, utilizing individualized formulations. Patients completed measures of eating behaviors, eating attitudes, and depression pre- and post-treatment. Eight patients dropped out. The mean number of sessions attended was 19.2.


RESULTS
No pretreatment features predicted drop-out. Treatment outcome was similar whether using treatment completer or intent to treat analyses. Approximately 50% of patients were in remission by the end of treatment. There were significant improvements in mood, eating attitudes, and eating behaviors. Reductions in bingeing and vomiting were comparable to efficacy trials.


DISCUSSION
The improvements in this "real-world" trial of CBT for adults with bulimic disorders mirrored those from large, funded research trials, though the conclusions that can be reached are inevitably limited by the nature of the trial (e.g., lack of control group and therapy validation).
Emotion regulation in children and adolescents with autism spectrum disorder.

Emotion dysregulation is not a formal criterion for the diagnosis of autism spectrum disorder (ASD). However, parents and clinicians have long noted the importance of emotional problems in individuals with ASD (e.g. tantrums and "meltdowns"). In this study, 21 high-functioning children and adolescents with ASD and 22 age and gender group-matched typically developing (TD) controls completed a Reactivity and Regulation Situation Task. This task assesses emotional reactivity and spontaneous use of emotion regulation strategies (problem solving, cognitive reappraisal, avoidance, distraction, venting, suppression, and relaxation) in the context of age-appropriate ambiguous and potentially threatening negative scenarios. After the concept of cognitive reappraisal was explained, the scenarios were presented again to participants, and they were prompted to use this strategy. Results indicated that individuals with ASD exhibited the same level of reactivity to negative stimuli as TD participants. Furthermore, youth with ASD had a different emotion regulation profile than TD individuals, characterized by a less frequent use of cognitive reappraisal and more frequent use of suppression. When prompted to use cognitive reappraisal, participants with ASD were less able to implement reappraisal, but benefitted from this strategy when they were able to generate a reappraisal. Findings from this study suggest that cognitive reappraisal strategies may be useful to children and adolescents with ASD. Therefore, the development of treatment programs that focus on enhancing the use of adaptive forms of emotion regulation might decrease emotional problems and optimize long-term outcomes in youth with ASD.
A Low-Voltage SiGe BiCMOS 77-GHz Automotive Radar Chipset

This paper presents a complete 2.5-V 77-GHz chipset for Doppler radar and imaging applications fabricated in SiGe HBT and SiGe BiCMOS technologies. The chipset includes a 123-mW single-chip receiver with 24-dB gain and an IP1 dB of -21.7 dBm at 76-GHz local oscillator (LO) and 77-GHz RF, 4.8-dB double-sideband noise figure at 76-GHz LO and 1-GHz IF, and worst case -98.5 dBc/Hz phase noise at 1-MHz offset over the entire voltage-controlled oscillator tuning range at room temperature. Monolithic spiral inductors and transformers result in a receiver core area of 450 mum times 280 mum. For integration of an entire 77-GHz transceiver, a power amplifier with 19-dB gain, +14.5-dBm saturated output power, and 15.7% power-added efficiency is demonstrated. Frequency divider topologies for 2.5-V operation are investigated and measurement results show a 105-GHz static frequency divider consuming 75 mW, and a 107-GHz Miller divider consuming 33 mW. Measurements on all circuits confirm operation up to 100 deg C. Low-power low-noise design techniques for each circuit block are discussed.
Electron microscopy of myelin: Structure preservation by high-pressure freezing

Electron microscopic visualization of nervous tissue morphology is crucial when aiming to understand the biogenesis and structure of myelin in healthy and pathological conditions. However, accurate interpretation of electron micrographs requires excellent tissue preservation. In this short review we discuss the recent utilization of tissue fixation by high-pressure freezing and freeze-substitution, which now supplements aldehyde fixation in the preparation of samples for electron microscopy of myelin. Cryofixation has proven well suited to yield both, improved contrast and excellent preservation of structural detail of the axon/myelin-unit in healthy and mutant mice and can also be applied to other model organisms, including aquatic species. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled SI: Myelin Evolution.
17α-Estradiol Exerts Neuroprotective Effects on SK-N-SH Cells

Estradiol (E2) has been shown to exert organizational, neurotrophic, and neuroprotective effects in the CNS. The present study assessed the specificity of the neuroprotective effects of estradiol for the potent 17b-isomer. SK-N-SH cells from a human neuroblastoma cell line, which we have shown to be estrogen-responsive, were cultured at low or high plating density. Then cells were exposed to 17b-E2 (0.2 or 2 nM), 17a-E2 (0.2 or 2 nM), or cholesterol, testosterone, dihydrotestosterone, progesterone, or corticosterone (all at 2 nM). Cultures were insulted by serum deprivation, which caused a profound loss of cells. At 1 or 2 d of serum deprivation and steroid hormone replacement, the protection afforded cells by the steroid addition was assessed. Serum deprivation killed ;90% of cells cultured at both low and high plating density. Both 17aand 17b-E2 provided protection of SK-N-SH cells at either plating density. Further, a 10-fold molar excess of tamoxifen antagonized only approximately one-third of the neuroprotective effects of either isomer of estradiol, and a 100-fold excess of tamoxifen had no additional effect on the neuroprotection by 17b-E2. By contrast, none of the other steroids tested protected cells from the insult of serum deprivation. These results indicate that the neuroprotective effects of estrogens are not attributable to the general steroid structure, and the majority of the neuroprotection may not be mediated via a tamoxifenantagonized receptor mechanism.
The value of defibrillator electrograms for recognition of clinical ventricular tachycardias and for pace mapping of post-infarction ventricular tachycardia.

OBJECTIVES
The purpose of this study was to assess the value of implantable cardioverter-defibrillator (ICD) electrograms (EGMs) in identifying clinically documented ventricular tachycardias (VTs).


BACKGROUND
Twelve-lead electrocardiograms (ECG) of spontaneous VT often are not available in patients referred for catheter ablation of post-infarction VT. Many of these patients have ICDs, and the ability of ICD EGMs to identify a specific configuration of VT has not been described.


METHODS
In 21 consecutive patients referred for catheter ablation of post-infarction VT, 124 VTs (mean cycle length: 393 ± 103 ms) were induced, and ICD EGMs were recorded during VT. Clinical VT had been documented with 12-lead ECGs in 15 of 21 patients. The 12-lead ECGs of the clinical VTs were compared with 64 different inducible VTs (mean cycle length: 390 ± 91 ms) to assess how well the ICD EGMs differentiated the clinical VTs from the other induced VTs. The exit site of 62 VTs (mean cycle length: 408 ± 112 ms) was identified by pace mapping (10 to 12 of 12 matching leads). The spatial resolution of pace mapping to identify a VT exit site was determined for both the 12-lead ECGs and the ICD EGMs using a customized MATLAB program (version 7.5, The MathWorks, Inc., Natick, Massachusetts).


RESULTS
Analysis of stored EGMs by comparison of receiver-operating characteristic curve cutoff values accurately distinguished the clinical VTs from 98% of the other inducible VTs. The mean spatial resolution of a 12-lead ECG pace map for the VT exit site was 2.9 ± 4.0 cm(2) (range 0 to 17.5 cm(2)) compared with 8.9 ± 9.0 cm(2) (range 0 to 35 cm(2)) for ICD EGM pace maps. The spatial resolution of pace mapping varied greatly between patients and between VTs. The spatial resolution of ICD EGMs was < 1.0 cm(2) for ≥ 1 of the target VTs in 12 of 21 patients and 19 of 62 VTs. By visual inspection of the ICD EGMs, 96% of the clinical VTs were accurately differentiated from previously undocumented VTs.


CONCLUSIONS
Stored ICD EGMs usually are an accurate surrogate for 12-lead ECGs for differentiating clinical VTs from other VTs. Pace mapping based on ICD EGMs has variable resolution but may be useful for identifying a VT exit site.
Doing interpretive research

Received: 29 November 2004 Revised: 26 July 2005 Accepted: 4 November 2005 Abstract Interpretive research in information systems (IS) is now a well-established part of the field. However, there is a need for more material on how to carry out such work from inception to publication. I published a paper a decade ago (Walsham, 1995) which addressed the nature of interpretive IS case studies and methods for doing such research. The current paper extends this earlier contribution, with a widened scope of all interpretive research in IS, and through further material on carrying out fieldwork, using theory and analysing data. In addition, new topics are discussed on constructing and justifying a research contribution, and on ethical issues and tensions in the conduct of interpretive work. The primary target audience for the paper is lessexperienced IS researchers, but I hope that the paper will also stimulate reflection for the more-experienced IS researcher and be of relevance to interpretive researchers in other social science fields. European Journal of Information Systems (2006) 15, 320–330. doi:10.1057/palgrave.ejis.3000589
Evaluation of multiplex real-time PCR for detection of Haemophilus ducreyi, Treponema pallidum, herpes simplex virus type 1 and 2 in the diagnosis of genital ulcer disease in the Rakai District, Uganda.

OBJECTIVE
To develop a real-time PCR assay that reliably and accurately detects the predominant sexually transmitted aetiological agents of genital ulcer disease (GUD) (Haemophilus ducreyi, Treponema pallidum and herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) and type 2 (HSV-2)) and to assess the use of real-time PCR diagnostic testing in a rural African field site.


METHODS
Two multiplex real-time PCR reactions were used to detect H ducreyi/and HSV-1/HSV-2 in ulcer swabs from 100 people with symptomatic genital ulcers in rural Rakai, Uganda. Results were compared with syphilis, HSV-1 and HSV-2 serology.


RESULTS
Of 100 GUD samples analysed from 43 HIV positive and 57 HIV negative individuals, 71% were positive for one or more sexually transmitted infection (STI) pathogens by real-time PCR (61% for HSV-2, 5% for T pallidum, 3% for HSV-1, 1% for H ducreyi and 1% for dual H ducreyi/HSV-2). The frequency of HSV in genital ulcers was 56% (32/57) in HIV negative individuals and 77% (33/43) in HIV positive individuals (p = 0.037). Assay reproducibility was evaluated by repeat PCR testing in the USA with 96% agreement (kappa = 0.85).


CONCLUSIONS
STI pathogens were detected in the majority of GUD swab samples from symptomatic patients in Rakai, Uganda, by real-time PCR. HSV-2 was the predominant cause of genital ulcers. Real-time PCR technology can provide sensitive, rapid and reproducible evaluation of GUD aetiology in a resource-limited setting.
[Rhinoplasty: morphodynamic anatomy of rhinoplasty. Interest of conservative rhinoplasty].

OBJECTIVES
To highlight the morphodynamic anatomical mechanisms that influence the results of rhinoplasty. To present the technical modalities of nasal dorsum preservation rhinoplasties. To determine the optimized respective surgical indications of the two main techniques of rhinoplasty: interruption rhinoplasty versus conservative rhinoplasty.


MATERIALS AND METHODS
Based on anatomical dissections and initial morphodynamic studies carried out on 100 anatomical specimens, a prospective study of a continuous series of 400 patients operated of primary reduction rhinoplasty or septo-rhinoplasty by one of authors (YS) has been undertaken over a period of ten years (1995-2005) in order to optimize the surgical management of the nasal hump. The studied parameters were: (1) surgical safety, (2) quality of early and late aesthetic result, (3) quality of the functional result, (4) ease of the technical realization of a possible secondary rhinoplasty. The other selected criteria were function of the different nasal hump morphotypes and the expressed wishes of the patients.


RESULTS
The anatomical and morphodynamic studies made it possible to better understand the role of the "M" double-arch shape of the nose and the role of the cartilaginous buttresses not only as a function but also the anatomy and the aesthetics of the nose. It is necessary to preserve or repair the arche structures of the septo-triangular and alo-columellar sub-units. The conservative technique, whose results appear much more natural aesthetically, functionally satisfactory and durable over the long term, must be favoured in particular in man and in cases presenting a risk of collapse of the nasal valve.


CONCLUSION
The rhinoplastician must be able to propose, according to the patient's wishes and in view of the results of the morphological analysis, the most adapted procedure according to his own surgical training but by supporting conservation of the osteo-cartilaginous vault whenever possible.
Prevalence of exclusive breastfeeding and its determinants in first 6 months of life: A prospective study

Background: Exclusive breastfeeding for first 6 months of life is recommended under Infant and Young Child Feeding practices in India. The objective of present study was to estimate the prevalence of exclusive breastfeeding during first 6 months of life of babies and to identify factors that interfere with the practice in the study area. Methods: A prospective cohort of 462 women who delivered at maternity unit of Government Medical College & Hospital, Rajkot, which is a tertiary care centre for the district, was studied. Data collection was done at hospital as well as during home visits of babies at 1, 3 and 6 months. Factors related to cessation of breastfeeding were analyzed using univariate, bivariate and multivariate analysis. Results: All 462 mothers reported breastfeeding their newborns. Prevalence of exclusive breastfeeding reported at 3 months was 97% which declined to 62% by 6 months of age of infants. Bivariate analysis revealed no significant association between interruption of exclusive breastfeeding before 6 months of age and various demographic, socioeconomic, maternal and infant characteristics. Multivariate analysis by logistic regression demonstrated no association between discontinuation of exclusive breastfeeding and socioeconomic status, maternal education and maternal age, number of antenatal visits, maternal employment and initiation of breastfeeding after delivery. Conclusion: Exclusive breastfeeding prevalence rate found higher than at national level indicating better feeding practices in these part of India. Also, factors classically considered as supportive for breastfeeding had shown no association with breastfeeding pattern in present study.
Reducing suicidal ideation and depressive symptoms in depressed older primary care patients: a randomized controlled trial.

CONTEXT
Suicide rates are highest in late life; the majority of older adults who die by suicide have seen a primary care physician in preceding months. Depression is the strongest risk factor for late-life suicide and for suicide's precursor, suicidal ideation.


OBJECTIVE
To determine the effect of a primary care intervention on suicidal ideation and depression in older patients.


DESIGN AND SETTING
Randomized controlled trial known as PROSPECT (Prevention of Suicide in Primary Care Elderly: Collaborative Trial) with patient recruitment from 20 primary care practices in New York City, Philadelphia, and Pittsburgh regions, May 1999 through August 2001.


PARTICIPANTS
Two-stage, age-stratified (60-74, > or =75 years) depression screening of randomly sampled patients; enrollment included patients who screened positive and a random sample of screened negative patients. This analysis included patients with a depression diagnosis (N = 598).


INTERVENTION
Treatment guidelines tailored for the elderly with care management compared with usual care.


MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES
Assessment of suicidal ideation and depression severity at baseline, 4 months, 8 months, and 12 months.


RESULTS
Rates of suicidal ideation declined faster (P =.01) in intervention patients compared with usual care patients; at 4 months, in the intervention group, raw rates of suicidal ideation declined 12.9% points (29.4% to 16.5%) compared with 3.0% points (20.1% to 17.1% in usual care [P =.01]). Among patients reporting suicidal ideation, resolution of ideation was faster among intervention patients (P =.03); differences peaked at 8 months (70.7% vs 43.9% resolution; P =.005). Intervention patients had a more favorable course of depression in both degree and speed of symptom reduction; group difference peaked at 4 months. The effects on depression were not significant among patients with minor depression unless suicidal ideation was present.


CONCLUSIONS
Evidence of the intervention's effectiveness in community-based primary care with a heterogeneous sample of depressed patients introduces new challenges related to its sustainability and dissemination. The intervention's effectiveness in reducing suicidal ideation, regardless of depression severity, reinforces its role as a prevention strategy to reduce risk factors for suicide in late life.
Introducing Variable Importance Tradeoffs into CP-Nets

The ability to make decisions and to assess potential courses of action is a corner-stone of many AI applications, and usually this requires explicit information about the decision-maker’s preferences. In many applications, preference elicitation is a serious bottleneck. The user either does not have the time, the knowledge, or the expert support required to specify complex multi-attribute utility functions. In such cases, a method that is based on intuitive, yet expressive, preference statements is required. In this paper we suggest the use of TCP-nets, an enhancement of CP-nets, as a tool for representing, and reasoning about qualitative preference statements. We present and motivate this framework, define its semantics, and show how it can be used to perform constrained optimization.
Waterpipe dependence in university students and effect of normative beliefs: a cross-sectional study

OBJECTIVES
The objective of this study was to measure the correlates, including normative beliefs, associated with waterpipe (WP) and cigarette smoking prevalence and dependence.


SETTING
A cross-sectional study was carried out using a proportionate cluster sample of Lebanese students in 17 public and private universities.


PARTICIPANTS
Of the 4900 distributed questionnaires, 3384 (69.1%) were returned to the field worker. All available students during break times were approached, with no exclusion criteria.


PRIMARY AND SECONDARY OUTCOME MEASURES
sociodemographic variables, detailed active and passive smoking, in addition to items of the tobacco dependence scales were all evaluated.


RESULTS
Correlates to WP smoking were studying in a private university (adjusted OR, aOR=1.50 (1.26 to 1.79); p<0.001) and ever smoking cigarettes (aOR=1.80(1.44 to 2.26); p<0.001); friends' and societal influence were found on smoking behaviour and dependence. Although the role of parents was not visible in decreasing the risk of smoking WP, their protective influence seemed more important on WP dependence (β=-1.09(-1.79 to -0.28); p<0.001), a behaviour that is considered more deleterious for health. Parents' and friends' disagreement with smoking had a protective effect on cigarette smoking and dependence (aOR<1; p<0.01), while thinking that idols and successful people smoke increased the risk of both cigarette smoking and dependence (aOR>1; p<0.01).


CONCLUSIONS
In conclusion, WP smoking and dependence are influenced by parents' and friends' opinions, and idols' smoking status. Future research is necessary to further improve our understanding of motives for WP smoking and dependence.
Cognitive Architecture for a Connected World

We propose a unified architecture for next generation cognitive, low cost, mobile internet. The end user platform is able to scale as per the application and network requirements. It takes computing out of the data center and into end user platform. Internet enables open standards, accessible computing and applications programmability on a commodity platform. The architecture is a super-set to present day infrastructure web computing. The Java virtual machine (JVM) derives from the stack architecture. Applications can be developed and deployed on a multitude of host platforms. O(1)→ O(N). Computing and the internet today are more accessible and available to the larger community. Machine learning has made extensive advances with the availability of modern computing. It is used widely in NLP, Computer Vision, Deep learning and AI. A prototype device for mobile could contain N compute and N MB of memory. Keywords— mobile, server, internet
Application of Ordered Standard Bases to Catastrophe Theory

Abstract A theory of ordered standard bases is developed to provide an efficient algorithm for calculating the Boardman symbols of elementary catastrophes. For most classified elementary catastrophes this considerably simplifies the recognition problem. The theory of ordered standard bases has many parallels to the closely related theory of Grobner bases in polynomial ideal theory.
On chaos control and synchronization of the commensurate fractional order Liu system

In this work, we study chaos control and synchronization of the commensurate fractional order Liu system. Based on the stability theory of fractional order systems, the conditions of local stability of nonlinear three-dimensional commensurate fractional order systems are discussed. The existence and uniqueness of solutions for a class of commensurate fractional order Liu systems are investigated. We also obtain the necessary condition for the existence of chaotic attractors in the commensurate fractional order Liu system. The effect of fractional order on chaos control of this system is revealed by showing that the commensurate fractional order Liu system is controllable just in the fractional order case when using a specific choice of controllers. Moreover, we achieve chaos synchronization between the commensurate fractional order Liu system and its integer order counterpart via function projective synchronization. Numerical simulations are used to verify the analytical results. (C) 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.