LLukas22/scidocs huggingface dataset:
Variable structure control of an SRM drive

The applications of a variable structure system (VSS) to the control of a switched reluctance motor (SRM) drive is presented. After reviewing the operation of an SRM drive, a VSS-based scheme is formulated to control the drive speed. The scheme is then designed and tested by simulation. The results show that the VSS control is effective in reducing the torque ripple of the motor, compensating for the nonlinear torque characteristics, and making the drive insensitive to parameter variations and disturbances.
A two-parameter weighted Lindley distribution and its applications to survival data

A two-parameter weighted Lindley distribution is proposed for modeling survival data. The proposed distribution has the property that the hazard rate (mean residual life) function exhibits bathtub (upside-down bathtub) or increasing (decreasing) shapes. Simulation studies are conducted to investigate the performance of the maximum likelihood estimators and the asymptotic confidence intervals of the parameters. Applications of the proposed model to real survival data are presented. © 2010 IMACS. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
Development of a questionnaire (EORTC module) to measure quality of life in patients with cholangiocarcinoma and gallbladder cancer, the EORTC QLQ-BIL21

Background:Quality of life measurement in cholangiocarcinoma and gallbladder cancer involves the assessment of patient-reported issues related to the symptoms, disease and treatment of these tumours. This study describes the development of the disease-specific quality of life (QoL) questionnaire for patients with cholangiocarcinoma and gallbladder cancer to supplement the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer (EORTC)-QLQ C30 core cancer questionnaire.Methods:Phases 1–3 of the guidelines for module development published by the EORTC were followed, with adaptations for incorporation of questions from existing modules.Results:A total of 47 QoL issues (questions) were identified; 44 questions from the two related validated questionnaires, the EORTC QLQ-PAN26 (pancreatic module) and the EORTC QLQ-LMC21 (liver metastases module), two from the Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy hepatobiliary module questionnaire in the literature search and one from healthcare professional interviews. Following phase 1 and 2 interviews with patients (n=101) and health care professionals (n=6), a 23-question provisional questionnaire was formulated. There were five questions from PAN26, 15 from LMC21 and three extra questions. In phase 3, the provisional item list was pre-tested in 52 patients in four languages and this resulted in a 21-item module.Conclusion:This is the only disease-specific QoL questionnaire for patients with cholangiocarcinoma and gallbladder cancer, and initial assessments show it to be accurate and acceptable to patients in reflecting QoL in these diseases.
Remote magnetic catheter navigation for cavotricuspid isthmus ablation in patients with common-type atrial flutter.

BACKGROUND
Conventional catheter ablation of cavotricuspid isthmus (CTI)-dependent atrial flutter is a widely applied standard therapy. Remote magnetic catheter navigation (RMN) may provide benefits for different ablation procedures, but its efficacy for CTI ablation has not been evaluated in a randomized, controlled trial.


METHODS AND RESULTS
Ninety patients undergoing de novo ablation of atrial flutter were randomly assigned to conventional manual (n=45) or RMN-guided (n=45) CTI ablation with an 8-mm-tip catheter. Complete bidirectional isthmus block was achieved in 84% (RMN) and 91% (conventional catheter ablation) of the cases (P=0.52). RMN was associated with shorter fluoroscopy time (median, 10.6 minutes; interquartile range [IQR], 7.6 to 19.9, versus 15.0 minutes; IQR, 11.5 to 23.1; P=0.043) but longer total radiofrequency application (17.1 minutes; IQR, 8.6 to 25, versus 7.5 minutes; IQR, 3.6 to 10.9; P<0.0001), ablation time (55 minutes; IQR, 28 to 76, versus 17 minutes; IQR, 7 to 31; P<0.0001), and procedure duration (114+/-35 versus 77+/-24 minutes, P<0.0001). Procedure duration in the RMN group did not decrease significantly with case experience. Long-term procedure success, defined as achievement of complete CTI block and freedom from atrial flutter recurrence during 6 months of follow-up, was lower in the RMN group (73% versus 89%, P=0.063). Right atrial angiography after ablation revealed no significant differences between groups in terms of right atrial diameter or CTI length, morphology, and angulation. Furthermore, none of these parameters was predictive for difficult (ablation time >20 minutes) or unsuccessful ablation.


CONCLUSIONS
RMN-guided CTI ablation is associated with reduced radiation exposure but prolonged ablation and procedure times as compared with conventional catheter navigation. Our findings suggest that ablation lesions produced with an RMN-guided 8-mm catheter are less effective irrespective of CTI anatomy.


TRIAL REGISTRATION
clinicaltrials.gov Identifier: NCT00560872.
Exploring Emotion Embedding and the Dimensional Model of Emotion ’ s Predictive Power in Sentiment by

Artificial intelligence (AI) has been integrated to people’s daily lives. However, the AI system’s lack of understanding of human emotions impede an e↵ective communication between the system and the human interactants. As an example, if a search engine understands the intent of the searcher, it should be able to return favorable results regardless of the correct queries. Emotions take a big part in communication as they allow humans to empathize and understand one another. An AI would also need to understand emotions for an e↵ective interaction with humans. A↵ective computing research has surged recently in order to tackle this problem. Sentiment analysis, which can be thought as a subset of a↵ective computing, allows an AI system to understand a limited portion of human emotions, and has been used widely in systems that involve reviews to recommend related products, such as movies, electronics, or books. The problem with the traditional sentiment analysis is that it only uses the polarity label as a proxy to the full emotion, which makes the system di cult to make fine-grained judgments. There exists a model of emotion that represents an emotion as a point in the emotion space [26], a more detailed model than the one-dimension polarity model. The model consists of three independent axes: evaluation, potency, and activity in the EPA format [29], or equivalently, valence, dominance, and arousal in the VAD format [36]. We believe that by learning the three-dimension emotion model and extracting sentiment from it, we can predict the sentiment more precisely than the use of the typical polarity based model. In this paper, we explore validity of using the three-dimension emotion model as opposed to the naive polarity model in predicting the sentiment of given text data. We set the work of Tang et al. [34] as the baseline where they construct word embeddings with integrated sentiment information, called sentiment embeddings. As opposed to their approach of using polarity label to guide the word embedding and the corresponding classifier, we use the three-dimension emotion model, namely the VAD vectors [36], and train emotion embeddings. In the experiment, a recently established corpus with emotion labels, EmoBank [5], is used along with a common corpus for sentiment, Stanford Sentiment Treebank (SST) [32], and a large text dataset, text8 [22]. We compare and contrast the prediction power between the sentiment embeddings and the emotion embeddings on EmoBank corpus, while checking their generality on the SST corpus. We also analyze emotion embedding itself by visualizing the embeddings using t-distributed Stochastic Neighbor Embedding (t-SNE) [20]. The visualization showed the lack of context generalization in emotion embedding,
Fixed-Parameter Algorithms for Kemeny Scores

The Kemeny Score problem is central to many applications in the context of rank aggregation. Given a set of permutations (votes) over a set of candidates, one searches for a “consensus permutation” that is “closest” to the given set of permutations. Computing an optimal consensus permutation is NP-hard. We provide first, encouraging fixed-parameter tractability results for computing optimal scores (that is, the overall distance of an optimal consensus permutation). Our fixedparameter algorithms employ the parameters “score of the consensus”, “maximum distance between two input permutations”, and “number of candidates”. We extend our results to votes with ties and incomplete votes, thus, in both cases having no longer permutations as input.
Visualization of discrete microinfarction after percutaneous coronary intervention associated with mild creatine kinase-MB elevation.

BACKGROUND
Mild elevations in creatine kinase-MB (CK-MB) are common after successful percutaneous coronary interventions and are associated with future adverse cardiac events. The mechanism for CK-MB release remains unclear. A new contrast-enhanced MRI technique allows direct visualization of myonecrosis.


METHODS AND RESULTS
Fourteen patients without prior infarction underwent cine and contrast-enhanced MRI after successful coronary stenting; 9 patients had procedure-related CK-MB elevation, and 5 did not (negative controls). The mean age of all patients was 61 years, 36% had diabetes, 43% had multivessel coronary artery disease, and all had a normal ejection fraction. Twelve patients (86%) received an intravenous glycoprotein IIb/IIIa inhibitor; none underwent atherectomy, and all had final TIMI 3 flow. Of the 9 patients with CK-MB elevation, 5 had a minor side branch occlusion during stenting, 2 had transient ECG changes, and none developed Q-waves. The median CK-MB was 21 ng/mL (range, 12 to 93 ng/mL), which is 2.3x the upper limit of normal. Contrast-enhanced MRI demonstrated discrete regions of hyperenhancement within the target vessel perfusion territory in all 9 patients. Only one developed a new wall motion abnormality. The median estimated mass of myonecrosis was 2.0 g (range, 0.7 to 12.2 g), or 1.5% of left ventricular mass (range, 0.4% to 6.0%). Hyperenhancement persisted in 5 of the 6 who underwent a repeat MRI at 3 to 12 months. No control patient had hyperenhancement.


CONCLUSIONS
Contrast-enhanced MRI provides an anatomical correlate to biochemical evidence of procedure-related myocardial injury, despite the lack of ECG changes or wall motion abnormalities. Mild elevation of CK-MB after percutaneous coronary intervention is the result of discrete microinfarction.
The ATPG Conflict-Driven Scheme for High Transition Fault Coverage and Low Test Cost

This paper presents two new conflict-driven techniques for improving transition fault coverage using multiple scan chains. These techniques are based on a novel test application scheme, in order to break the functional dependency of broadside testing. The two new techniques analyze the ATPG conflicts in broadside test generation, and try to control the flip-flops with most influence on the fault coverage.The conflict-driven method selects some flip-flops that work in the enhanced mode and distributes them into different chains. In the multiple scan chain architecture, to avoid too many scan-in pins, some chains are driven by the same scan-in pin to construct a tree-based architecture. Based on the architecture, the new test application scheme allows some flip-flops working in the enhanced mode, while most of others working in the traditional broadside mode. With the efficient conflict-driven selection method, fault coverage is improved greatly, which can also reduce test application time and compress test data volume. Experimental results show that fault coverage based on the proposed method is comparable to the enhanced scan
Rhythmic distance between languages affects the development of speech perception in bilingual infants

The time course and trajectory of development of phonetic perception in Spanish-Catalan bilingual and monolingual infants is different (Bosch & Sebastián-Gallés, 2003a, 2003b, 2005; Sebastián-Gallés & Bosch, 2009). Bosch & Sebastián-Gallés argue that, at least initially, bilingual infants track statistical regularities across the two languages, leading to their temporary inability to discriminate acoustically-similar phonetic categories. In this paper, we test bilingual Spanish-English 4and 8-month-olds’ discrimination of vowels. Results indicate that, when the two languages being learned are rhythmically dissimilar, bilingual infants are able to discriminate vowel contrasts that are phonemic in one, but not the other language, at an earlier age. These results substantiate a mechanism of language tagging or sorting; such a mechanism is likely to help bilingual infants calculate segmental statistics separately for the two languages.
Effects of cysteinyl-leukotriene receptor antagonist, thromboxane A2 receptor antagonist, and thromboxane A2 synthetase inhibitor on antigen-induced bronchoconstriction in patients with asthma.

BACKGROUND
Leukotriene (LT) and thromboxane A2 (TXA2) receptor antagonists have been used in the treatment of asthma.


OBJECTIVES
We examined the effects of an LT receptor antagonist, TXA2 receptor antagonist, and TXA2 synthetase inhibitor on bronchoprovocation test (BPT) in patients with mild-to-moderate atopic asthma.


METHODS
BPT was performed four times in each of six asthmatics. Development of the immediate asthmatic reaction (IAR) and late asthmatic reaction (LAR) was confirmed on the first BPT (BPT1). After a 7-day washout period, an LT receptor antagonist (pranlukast, 450 mg/d), TXA2 receptor antagonist (seratrodast, 80 mg/d), or TXA2 synthetase inhibitor (ozagrel, 800 mg/d) was administered orally over 7 days at random using a cross-over method (BPT2-4). Blood levels of LTB4, LTC4, LTD4, 11-dehydrothromboxane B2, eosinophil cationic protein, and histamine were measured at reaction phases of pre-BPT, IAR, and LAR.


RESULTS
Administration of pranlukast suppressed IAR by 80.5% (p < 0.0001) and LAR by 54.6% (p = 0.0391). Ozagrel significantly suppressed IAR by 39.5% (p = 0.0413), but the fall in FEV1 was >20% (21.56+/-4.173%). Seratrodast did not suppress IAR or LAR. Blood levels of chemical mediators did not correlate with the suppressive effects of the tested drugs.


CONCLUSIONS
The LT receptor antagonist was considered to be the most effective. LT might play a more important role in the pathogenesis of asthma than TXA2. Our data showed that measurement of blood levels of chemical mediators is not useful in identifying the pathogenic mechanisms of asthma.
Evaluation of an ELISA for p16INK4a as a screening test for cervical cancer.

BACKGROUND
The low sensitivity of cytology and low specificity of human papillomavirus testing prompts searching for more accurate cervical cancer screening strategies. Our goal was to evaluate an ELISA-based test for p16(INK4a).


METHODS
1,781 women undergoing routine screening provided cervical specimens for p16(INK4a) ELISA (original and enhanced versions of a prototype), liquid-based cytology, and Hybrid Capture II (hc2) testing. All women with a positive result and a random sample of those with negative results on all tests were referred for histologic diagnosis. Cervical intraepithelial neoplasia grade >or=3 (>or=CIN3) was the main outcome. The original analysis included all >or=CIN3 outcomes (n = 28). The a posteriori analysis was used to represent clinically relevant results with >or=CIN3 as outcomes only when detected after a positive screening test (n = 27).


RESULTS
Participants had a median age of 23 years. The prevalence of high-risk human papillomavirus DNA was 30.6%. In a posteriori analyses, the sensitivity and specificity for p16(INK4a) ELISA (>or=8 pg/mL cut-point), cytology, and hc2 were 50.9%, 58.1%, and 100.0%, respectively, and 90.4%, 89.3%, and 69.2%, respectively. Referral to colposcopy of women with positive results for hc2 and p16(INK4a) (enhanced ELISA, >or=6 pg/mL cut-point) had a sensitivity of 91.8% (95% confidence interval, 79.1-100.0%) and specificity of 86.0% (95% confidence interval, 82.0-89.0%). Results of the original analyses had similar specificity but substantially lower sensitivity due to the strong influence of the single CIN3 case with completely negative screening results.


CONCLUSIONS
An enhanced version of this prototypic p16(INK4a) ELISA showed promise in screening, particularly when combined with hc2.
Response Time Analysis on Multicore ECUs With Shared Resources

As multiprocessor systems are increasingly used in automotive real-time environments, scheduling and synchronization analysis of these platforms receive growing attention. Upcoming multicore ECUs allow the integration of previously separated functionality for body electronics or sensor fusion onto a single unit, and allow the parallelization of complex computations over multiple cores. The application of multiple CPUs turns an ECU into a highly integrated ldquonetworked systemrdquo microcosm, in which complex interdependencies can be observed due to the use of shared resources even in partitioned scheduling. To deliver predictable performance, resource arbitration protocols are required and have been proposed in literature. This paper presents an novel analytical approach to provide the worst-case response time for real-time tasks in multiprocessor systems with shared resources. The method supports realistic, event- or time-driven task activation schemes and allows to calculate tight bounds on the estimated system performance.
Weakness Finder: Find product weakness from Chinese reviews by using aspects based sentiment analysis

Finding the weakness of the products from the customers’ feedback can help manufacturers improve their product quality and competitive strength. In recent years, more and more people express their opinions about products online, and both the feedback of manufacturers’ products or their competitors’ products could be easily collected. However, it’s impossible for manufacturers to read every review to analyze the weakness of their products. Therefore, finding product weakness from online reviews becomes a meaningful work. In this paper, we introduce such an expert system, Weakness Finder, which can help manufacturers find their product weakness from Chinese reviews by using aspects based sentiment analysis. An aspect is an attribute or component of a product, such as price, degerm, moisturizing are the aspects of the body wash products. Weakness Finder extracts the features and groups explicit features by using morpheme based method and Hownet based similarity measure, and identify and group the implicit features with collocation selection method for each aspect. Then utilize sentence based sentiment analysis method to determine the polarity of each aspect in sentences. The weakness of product could be found because the weakness is probably the most unsatisfied aspect in customers’ reviews, or the aspect which is more unsatisfied when compared with their competitor’s product reviews. Weakness Finder has been used to help a body wash manufacturer find their product weakness, and our experimental results demonstrate the good performance of the Weakness Finder. 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Model for Aqueous Solvation Based on Class IV Atomic Charges and First Solvation Shell Effects

We present a new set of geometry-based functional forms for parametrizing effective Coulomb radii and atomic surface tensions of organic solutes in water. In particular, the radii and surface tensions depend in some cases on distances to nearby atoms. Combining the surface tensions with electrostatic effects included in a Fock operator by the generalized Born model enables one to calculate free energies of solvation, and experimental free energies of solvation are used to parametrize the theory for water. Atomic charges are obtained by both the AM1-CM1A and PM3-CM1P class IV charge models, which yield similar results, and hence the same radii and surface tensions are used with both charge models. We considered 215 neutral solutes containing H, C, N, O, F, S, Cl, Br, and I and encompassing a very wide variety of organic functional groups, and we obtained a mean unsigned error in the free energy of hydration of 0.50 kcal/mol using CM1A charges and 0.44 kcal/mol using CM1P charges. The predicted solvation energies for 12 cationic and 22 anionic solutes have mean unsigned deviations from experiment of 4.4 and 4.3 kcal/mol for models based on AM1 and PM3, respectively.
VAES 3 scheme for FFX An addendum to “ The FFX Mode of Operation for Format-Preserving Encryption ”

VAES stands for variable AES. VAES3 is the third generation format-preserving encryption algorithm that was developed in a report [4] simultaneously with the comprehensive paper on FPE [1] and subsequently updated slightly to be in concert with the FFX standard proposal. The standard proposal of FFX includes, in an appendix, example instantiations called A2 and A10. A follow on addendum [3] includes an instantiation called FFX[radix] . The stated intent of FFX is that it is a framework under which many implementations are compliant. The VAES3 scheme is compliant to those requirements. VAES3 was designed to meet security goals and requirements beyond the original example instantiations, and its design goals are slightly different than those of FFX[radix]. One of the unique features of VAES3 is a subkey step that enhances security and lengthens the lifetime of the key.
The spectrum of perianal Crohn's disease in a population-based cohort.

BACKGROUND
Perianal Crohn's disease represents a phenotype distinct from luminal Crohn's disease and may follow a different course. To date, the only detailed classifications of perianal Crohn's disease arise from referral center cohorts that do not reflect the spectrum of disease in the population as a whole.


OBJECTIVES
The aim of this study was to document the rate, classification, and time course of symptomatic perianal Crohn's disease in a population-based cohort.


DESIGN
This is a population-based cohort study.


SETTING
: This study was conducted in the Canterbury region of New Zealand.


PATIENTS
All patients with IBD in Canterbury, New Zealand, were eligible for recruitment over a 3-year period.


MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES
The clinical records of all patients with Crohn's disease were reviewed, and all symptomatic perianal disease was classified according to the American Gastroenterological Society position statement. The rate of perianal involvement and timing of onset relative to Crohn's diagnosis was determined.


RESULTS
Ninety-one percent of IBD patients in the region were recruited. Seven hundred fifteen patients had Crohn's disease, of which 190 (26.6%) patients had symptomatic perianal disease. The median age of patients with perianal disease was 37 years (range, 4-82 years) and 58.4% were female. Median follow-up was 9 years (range, 2 months to 45 years) from Crohn's disease diagnosis. Onset of perianal disease ranged from 18 years pre-Crohn's diagnosis to 33 years post-Crohn's diagnosis. Fistulas were the most common lesion (50% of patients), followed by perianal abscesses (42.1%), fissures (32.6%), skin tags (11.1%), strictures (7.4%), and hemorrhoids (1.6%). The cumulative probability at 20 years of any perianal Crohn's disease was 42.7% and of a perianal fistula 28.3%.


LIMITATIONS
This study assumed all noted perianal lesions were related to Crohn's disease and the retrospective classification may have been inaccurate in some cases.


CONCLUSIONS
This study provides the first detailed classification of perianal Crohn's disease in a population-based cohort.