LLukas22/scidocs huggingface dataset:
Impacts of antibiotic and anti-inflammatory therapies on serum prostate-specific antigen levels in the presence of prostatic inflammation: a prospective randomized controlled trial.

INTRODUCTION
The aim of this study was to determine if antibiotic or anti-inflammatory medications lower serum prostate-specific antigen (PSA) in the presence or absence of inflammation in the prostatic secretions of patients with PSA levels between 2.5 and 10 ng/ml and normal digital rectal examinations (DRE).


MATERIALS AND METHODS
Patients with PSA levels between 2.5 and 10 ng/ml and normal DRE were candidates for the study. One hundred and eight patients with positive expressed prostate secretion (EPS) were randomized into antibiotics, anti-inflammatory and control groups (groups 1, 2 and 3, respectively), and 108 patients with negative EPS were randomized into similar groups (groups 4, 5 and 6, respectively). Repeat PSA levels of all patients were obtained 6 weeks after randomization and 10 core prostate biopsies were performed.


RESULTS
Median PSA levels in group 1 before and after treatment were 5.2 (4.3-6.4) and 4.0 ng/ml (3.1-4.9), respectively (p < 0.001). The only significant decrease in PSA was observed in group 1. The percent change in PSA levels in group 1 was significantly greater than both in its control group (group 3; p < 0.001) and the EPS- antibiotics group (group 4; p < 0.001).


CONCLUSIONS
Antibiotherapy significantly reduces serum PSA only in EPS+ patients, which justifies limiting the use of prebiopsy antibiotics to EPS+ patients with a normal DRE and PSA level between 2.5 and 10 ng/ml, minimizing the major drawbacks of empirical antibiotics usage.
Coprescription of levodopa with antipsychotics in a population of 84,596 psychiatric inpatients from 1994 to 2008.

INTRODUCTION
Patients on levodopa therapy frequently require additional antipsychotic pharmacotherapy. However, consideration must be given to antagonistic interactions on dopamine receptors between levodopa and antipsychotics, and efficacy and safety of such combinations. We therefore aimed to explore the practice and rationale of coprescription between levodopa and antipsychotics in psychiatric patients.


METHODS
A descriptive retrospective study based on cross-sectional prescription data repeatedly collected from psychiatric inpatients through the international Drug Safety in Psychiatry (AMSP) program between 1994 and 2008 was undertaken.


RESULTS
Within a population of 84 596 psychiatric patients the prevalence of levodopa therapy was 1.0% (n=886). Among those patients on levodopa therapy 59.6% (n=528) also received antipsychotics. Quetiapine coprescription increased after its first marketing in 2000 to 45.9% in 2008. Coprescription of clozapine and olanzapine decreased from up to 25 and 22%, respectively, before to less than 10% after the introduction of quetiapine. Coprescribing of other antipsychotics remained approximately stable with average prevalences between 6 and less than 1%.


DISCUSSION
Quetiapine has now replaced clozapine as the most frequently coprescribed neuroleptic in psychiatric patients with levodopa therapy. This is in accordance with recent data indicating a low potential for clinically relevant interactions with levodopa and efficacy against psychosis in levodopa-treated patients. The combined use of antipsychotics other than quetiapine and clozapine with levodopa is less common and generally not supported by appropriate evidence.
From denial to acceptance of sexually offending behaviour: a psychodynamic approach

Purpose – Offenders who have intellectual disabilities like any one else may deny their offence. This paper reports a case study of a man who admitted his offence and them accepted probation with a condition of treatment. However, when he attended treatment he denied the offence. Thus do those providing treatment send them back into the criminal justice system or work with them try and help them accept what they have done and provide appropriate treatment to help them reduce future risk of offending. Design/methodology/approach – In this case study the assimilation model was used to understand the process of change and monitor change through exploratory psychotherapy. The psychotherapeutic model was psychodymnamic. Findings – The client demonstrated gains through the stages of the model toward acceptance of his problematic behaviour and continued to work on this through further psychotherapy. Originality/value – The assimilation model offers a useful approach to monitor change in psychotherapy; but especi...
The Rey Auditory Verbal Learning Test: alternate forms equivalency and reliability for the Iranian adult population (Persian version).

BACKGROUND
Increasing demand for memory assessment in clinical settings in Iran, as well as the absence of a comprehensive and standardized task based upon the Persian culture and language, requires an appropriate culture- and language-specific version of the commonly used neuropsychological measure of verbal learning and memory, the Rey Auditory Verbal Learning Test (RAVLT).


METHODS
The Persian adapted version of the original RAVLT and two other alternate word lists were generated based upon criteria previously set for developing new word lists. A total of 90 subjects (three groups of 30 persons), aged 29.75±7.10 years, volunteered to participate in our study and were tested using the original word list. The practice effect was assessed by retesting the first and second groups using the same word list after 30 and 60 days, respectively. The test-retest reliability was evaluated by retesting the third group of participants twice using two new alternate word lists with an interval of 30 days.


RESULTS
The re-administration of the same list after one or even two months led to significant practice effects. However, the use of alternate forms after a one-month delay yielded no significant difference across the forms. The first and second trials, as well as the total, immediate, and delayed recall scores showed the best reliability in retesting by the alternate list.


CONCLUSION
The difference between the generated forms was minor, and it seems that the Persian version of the RAVLT is a reliable instrument for repeated neuropsychological testing as long as alternate forms are used and scores are carefully chosen.
Pixel-Oriented Visualization of Change in Social Networks

We propose a new approach to visualize social networks. Most common network visualizations rely on graph drawing. While without doubt useful, graphs suffer from limitations like cluttering and important patterns may not be realized especially when networks change over time. Our approach adapts pixel-oriented visualization techniques to social networks as an addition to traditional graph visualizations. The visualization is exemplified using social networks based on corporate wikis.
Theory-based behavioral intervention increases self-reported physical activity in South African men: a cluster-randomized controlled trial.

OBJECTIVE
To determine whether a health-promotion intervention increases South African men's adherence to physical-activity guidelines.


METHOD
We utilized a cluster-randomized controlled trial design. Eligible clusters, residential neighborhoods near East London, South Africa, were matched in pairs. Within randomly selected pairs, neighborhoods were randomized to theory-based, culturally congruent health-promotion intervention encouraging physical activity or attention-matched HIV/STI risk-reduction control intervention. Men residing in the neighborhoods and reporting coitus in the previous 3 months were eligible. Primary outcome was self-reported individual-level adherence to physical-activity guidelines averaged over 6-month and 12-month post-intervention assessments. Data were collected in 2007-2010. Data collectors, but not facilitators or participants, were blind to group assignment.


RESULTS
Primary outcome intention-to-treat analysis included 22 of 22 clusters and 537 of 572 men in the health-promotion intervention and 22 of 22 clusters and 569 of 609 men in the attention-control intervention. Model-estimated probability of meeting physical-activity guidelines was 51.0% in the health-promotion intervention and 44.7% in attention-matched control (OR=1.34; 95% CI, 1.09-1.63), adjusting for baseline prevalence and clustering from 44 neighborhoods.


CONCLUSION
A theory-based culturally congruent intervention increased South African men's self-reported physical activity, a key contributor to deaths from non-communicable diseases in South Africa.


TRIAL REGISTRATION
ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT01490359.
A Survey of Forecast Error Measures

Submitted: Aug 7, 2013; Accepted: Sep 18, 2013; Published: Sep 25, 2013 Abstract: This article reviews the common used forecast error measurements. All error measurements have been joined in the seven groups: absolute forecasting errors, measures based on percentage errors, symmetric errors, measures based on relative errors, scaled errors, relative measures and other error measures. The formulas are presented and drawbacks are discussed for every accuracy measurements. To reduce the impact of outliers, an Integral Normalized Mean Square Error have been proposed. Due to the fact that each error measure has the disadvantages that can lead to inaccurate evaluation of the forecasting results, it is impossible to choose only one measure, the recommendations for selecting the appropriate error measurements are given.
Classifying deformities of the columella base in rhinoplasty.

BACKGROUND
Although much has been published with regard to the columella assessed on the frontal and lateral views, a paucity of literature exists regarding the basal view of the columella. The objective of this study was to evaluate the spectrum of columella deformities and devise a working classification system based on underlying anatomy.


METHODS
A retrospective study was performed of 100 consecutive patients who presented for primary rhinoplasty. The preoperative basal view photographs for each patient were reviewed to determine whether they possessed ideal columellar aesthetics. Patients who had deformity of their columella were further scrutinized to determine the most likely underlying cause of the subsequent abnormality.


RESULTS
Of the 100 patient photographs assessed, only 16 (16 percent) were found to display ideal norms of the columella. The remaining 84 of 100 patients (84 percent) had some form of aesthetic abnormality and were further classified based on the most likely underlying cause. Type 1 deformities (caudal septum and/or spine) constituted 18 percent (18 of 100); type 2 (medial crura), 12 percent (12 of 100); type 3 (soft tissue), 6 percent (six of 100); and type 4 (combination), 48 percent (48 of 100).


CONCLUSIONS
Deformities may be classified according to the underlying cause, with combined deformity being the most common. Use of the herein discussed classification scheme will allow surgeons to approach this region in a comprehensive manner. Furthermore, use of such a system allows for a more standardized approach for surgical treatment.
The French Chronic Kidney Disease-Renal Epidemiology and Information Network (CKD-REIN) cohort study

BACKGROUND
While much has been learned about the epidemiology and treatment of end-stage renal disease (ESRD) in the last 30 years, chronic kidney disease (CKD) before the end-stage has been less investigated. Not enough is known about factors associated with CKD progression and complications, as well as its transition to ESRD. We designed the CKD-renal epidemiology and information network (REIN) cohort to provide a research platform to address these key questions and to assess clinical practices and costs in patients with moderate or advanced CKD.


METHODS
A total of 46 clinic sites and 4 renal care networks participate in the cohort. A stratified selection of clinic sites yields a sample that represents a diversity of settings, e.g. geographic region, and public versus for-profit and non-for-profit private clinics. In each site, 60-90 patients with CKD are enrolled at a routine clinic visit during a 12-month enrolment phase: 3600 total, including 1800 with Stage 3 and 1800 with Stage 4 CKD. Follow-up will continue for 5 years, including after initiation of renal replacement therapy. Data will be collected from medical records at inclusion and at yearly intervals, as well as from self-administered patient questionnaires and provider-level questionnaires. Patients will also be interviewed at baseline, and at 1, 3 and 5 years. Healthcare costs will also be determined. Blood and urine samples will be collected and stored for future studies on all patients at enrolment and at study end, and at 1 and 3 years in a subsample of 1200.


CONCLUSIONS
The CKD-REIN cohort will serve to improve our understanding of the biological, clinical and healthcare system determinants associated with CKD progression and adverse outcomes as well as of international variations in collaboration with the CKD Outcome and Practice Pattern Study (CKDopps). It will foster CKD epidemiology and outcomes research and provide evidence to improve the health and quality of life of patients with CKD and the performances of the healthcare system in this field.
Economics of prostitution

This highly innovative and intriguing book applies principles of microeconomics to unusual settings to inspire students, teachers and scholars alike in the ‘dismal science'. Leading experts show how economics reaches into the strangest of places and throws light onto the occasionally dark side of human nature.
MDA Guide Version 1.0.1

Every organization on the planet consisting of more than one person has already realized that their information technology infrastructure is effectively a distributed computing system. To integrate information assets and use information effectively, it must be accessible across the department, across the company, across the world and more importantly across the service-or supply-chain from the supplier, to one's own organization, to one's customers. This means that CPUs must be intimately linked to the networks of the world and be capable of freely passing and receiving information, not hidden behind glass and cooling ducts or the complexities of the software that drives them. This means that computing devices must be global information appliances, connecting to a world of information at the application level as easily as today they connect to the world's power services. The myth of the standalone application, never needing repair, never needing integration, with data models inviolate and secret, died a long and painful death through the end of the Twentieth Century. Despite the sure knowledge that every application ever built must be built to last, to be integrated, to be updated, most software developers ignored these facts and built only to the specification in front of them. Assumptions not in evidence– " this application will only be needed for the next few years, " a particular favorite–wreaked havoc in the business world as the clock ticked over to the year 2000. Nevertheless, most software continues to be written ignoring the realities of constantly shifting infrastructure, constantly changing requirements, and most importantly, a new " hot technology " trumpeted on the covers of every IT trade journal every 18 months. Even if we could ignore the applications that automate the business, and concentrate only on the data collected and organized by those applications, unfortunately the same assumptions have been made. The movement to data warehouses for large organizations in the last years of the millennium only added another layer of translation to the dozens of representations of the same data found in most large companies. The emergence of XML in the mid 90s heralded self-describing (and 1 therefore easy-to-integrate) data–but unfortunately generally provided instead yet another data format requiring run-time translation. Data integration, like application interoperability in general, continued to appear just beyond our grasp. At the same time, a curious change of thought has appeared in the IT industry. As the languages for modeling systems have finally …
Preferences and priorities for ongoing and end-of-life care: a qualitative study of older people with dementia resident in care homes.

BACKGROUND
The older person with dementia has a limited life expectancy and the dying trajectory can be protracted and unpredictable. For good end-of-life care, early communication, exploration of residents' wishes, and identification of someone who can represent them, are important. In care homes the timing of these discussions, and who is involved is variable. Person-centred approaches to dementia care assume that people with dementia can actively participate in decisions about their lives. Less well understood is how this can inform end-of-life care decision making and complement information provided in advance care plans completed prior to, or at the point of admission to a care home.


OBJECTIVES
To explore how older people with dementia discuss their priorities and preferences for end-of-life care.


METHODS
An exploratory, qualitative study that used guided conversations with 18 people with dementia, living in six care homes. Participants were asked about their life in the care home, their health, thoughts for the future, and wishes surrounding end of life. Data were analysed thematically.


RESULTS
People with dementia's accounts of life in the care home, what they valued, and the impact of having dementia on how they participated in decision making, provided key insights into care preferences. Three linked themes that had relevance for thinking and talking about end of life were identified: "dementia and decision making", "everyday relationships" and "place and purpose". Older people with dementia's accounts of everyday experiences of care, key relationships with family and care home staff members and whether they accepted the care home as their home demonstrated what was important for them now and for the future.


CONCLUSION
For older people living with a diagnosis of dementia, the experience of living and dying in a care home is inextricably linked. End-of-life care planning and decision making by health care professionals, care home staff and family could be enriched by exploring and documenting the preoccupations, key relationships and wishes about everyday care of people with dementia.
PROGRESS IN UNDERSTANDING THE AGE AND ORIGIN OF THE ALPHA RIDGE, ARCTIC OCEAN

Abstract Multiparameter geophysical measurements and geological samples from CESAR suggest that close to Canada the Alpha Ridge is oceanic in nature and was built in part by volcanic activity. It is unclear whether this part of the ridge formed in an intraplate or a plate margin environment. Estimates from paleontological, heat flow and magnetic data place the construction of a volcanic ridge within the Cretaceous period between about 120 and 80 Ma ago, the interval in which the Canada Basin seafloor formed but clearly before the creation of the Lomonosov Ridge. The place of the Makarov Basin in this chronology remains unclear.
On the improvement of the real time recurrent learning algorithm for recurrent neural networks

This paper reviews diierent approaches to improving the real time recurrent learning (RTRL) algorithm and attempts to group them into common frameworks. The characteristics of sub-grouping strategy, mode exchange RTRL, and cellular genetic algorithms are discussed. The relationships between these algorithms are highlighted and their time complexities and convergence capability are compared. The learning algorithms are applied to train recurrent neural networks in an attempt to solve a long-term dependency problem, to model the H enon map, and to predict the chaotic intensity pulsations of an NH 3 laser. The results show that the original RTRL algorithm achieves the lowest error among the gradient-based algorithms, but it requires the longest training time; whereas the sub-grouping strategy uses the shortest training time but its convergence capability is the poorest. The results also demonstrate that the cellular genetic algorithm is an alternative means of training recurrent neural networks when the gradient-based methods fail to nd an acceptable solution.
A Match or Mismatch Between Learning Styles of the Learners and Teaching Styles of the Teachers

It is important to study learning styles because recent studies have shown that a match between teaching and learning styles helps to motivate students  ́ process of learning. That is why teachers should identify their own teaching styles as well as their learning styles to obtain better results in the classroom. The aim is to have a balanced teaching style and to adapt activities to meet students  ́ style and to involve teachers in this type of research to assure the results found in this research study. Over 100 students complete a questionnaire to determine if their learning styles are auditory, visual, or kinesthetic. Discovering these learning styles will allow the students to determine their own personal strengths and weaknesses and learn from them. Teachers can incorporate learning styles into their classroom by identifying the learning styles of each of their students, matching teaching styles to learning styles for difficult tasks, strengthening weaker learning styles. The purpose of this study is to explain learning styles, teaching styles match or mismatch between learning and teaching styles, visual, auditory, and kinesthetic learning styles among Iranian learners, and pedagogical implications for the EFL/ESL classroom. A review of the literature along with analysis of the data will determine how learning styles match the teaching styles.
Weighing System of Fruit-Transportation Gyrocar Based on ARM

The pilot less fruit-transportation gyro car works in the economic forest, avoiding the obstacle on the rail is the prerequisite of its safe working. An ultrasonic obstacle avoidance system of fruit-transportation gyro car based on ARM embedded system is introduced in this article. The functions of the system are implemented. It could make the gyro car stop when detect an obstacle and sends the information of obstacle to the monitoring client through GPRS. Through the test, the ultrasonic obstacle avoidance system performs well and reliable.
Different functional outcomes in patients with delirium and subsyndromal delirium one month after hospital discharge.

BACKGROUND
Subsyndromal delirium has an increasing relevance in the medical literature. There are only three studies in hospitalized elderly patients. Our goal is to demonstrate the importance of this syndrome in a population with more complexity and cognitive impairment than in previous studies.


METHODS
Prospective multicentre study in three tertiary hospitals. The health outcomes recorded in the follow-up at 1 month were the persistence of delirium, hospital readmission, discharge destination, death, Barthel index and the Delirium Rating Scale Revised 98. To assess the impact of delirium in the Barthel index at 30 days, we adjusted univariate and multivariate linear regression models.


RESULTS
85 patients were enrolled; 75.3% of the patients had at least 1 positive item in the Confusion Assessment Method; 45 patients (53%) were diagnosed with delirium and 19 (22.3%) with subsyndromal delirium (SSD). The 30-day risk of death was associated with lower levels of albumin (p = 0.021) and the Cumulative Illness Rating Scale in Geriatrics (CIRS-G; p = 0.003). Adjusting for CIRS-G and the initial Barthel index, the diagnosis of delirium appears to be related to a lower Barthel index at 30 days (p = 0.019), showing a significant linear gradient (p < 0.005).


CONCLUSION
SSD could help get more accurate diagnoses as well as improve patient management.