LLukas22/scidocs huggingface dataset:
Pruning by dominance in best-first search for the job shop Scheduling problem with total flow time

Best-First search is a problem solving paradigm that allows to design exact or admissible algorithms. In this paper, we confront the Job Shop Scheduling problem with total flow time minimization by means of the A∗ algorithm. We devised a heuristic from a problem relaxation that relies on computing Jackson’s preemptive schedules. In order to reduce the effective search space, we formalized a method for pruning nodes based on dominance relations and established a rule to apply this method efficiently during the search. By means of experimental study, we show that the proposed method is more efficient than a genetic algorithm in solving instances with 10 jobs and 5 machines and that pruning by dominance allows A∗ to reach optimal schedules, while these instances are not solved by A∗ otherwise. These experiments have also made it clear that the Job Shop Scheduling problem with total flow time minimization is harder to solve than the same problem with makespan minimization.
Microtubule organization in vitro.

Microtubules organize into a set of distinct patterns with the help of associated molecules that control nucleation, polymerization, crosslinking, and transport. These patterns, alone or in combination with each other, define the functional architecture of the microtubule cytoskeleton in living cells. In vitro experiments of increasing complexity help understand, in combination with theoretical models, the basic mechanisms by which elementary microtubule patterns arise, how they are maintained, and how they position themselves with respect to the confining geometry of living cells.
Discontinuous Galerkin Method for Fractional Convection-Diffusion Equations

We propose a discontinuous Galerkin method for convection-subdiffusion equations with a fractional operator of order α(1 < α < 2) defined through the fractional Laplacian. The fractional operator of order α is expressed as a composite of first order derivatives and fractional integrals of order 2 − α, and the fractional convection-diffusion problem is expressed as a system of low order differential/integral equations and a local discontinuous Galerkin method scheme is derived for the equations. We prove stability and optimal order of convergence O(hk+1) for subdiffusion, and an order of convergence of O(h 1 2 ) is established for the general fractional convection-diffusion problem. The analysis is confirmed by numerical examples.
Vision-based multi-UAV position estimation

This paper describes a method for vision-based unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) motion estimation from multiple planar homographies. The paper also describes the determination of the relative displacement between different UAVs employing techniques for blob feature extraction and matching. It then presents and shows experimental results of the application of the proposed technique to multi-UAV detection of forest fires
Weight-bearing plantar reconstruction using versatile medial plantar sensate flap.

The medial plantar flap serves as an ideal tissue reserve for reconstructing the weight-bearing plantar areas as these areas require a sensate and glabrous skin. Furthermore, the flap provides tissue that is structurally similar to the plantar foot as it is also composed of thick glabrous plantar skin, shock-absorbing fibro-fatty subcutaneous tissue and plantar fascia. During the past 25 years, 20 patients (10 men, 10 women) with skin and soft-tissue defects over the weight-bearing plantar foot were treated. They ranged in age from 20 to 70 years (mean, 31.5 years). The causes of the defects were trauma (n=14) and malignant tumour (n=6); the defects were localised at the heel (n=16) and plantar forefoot (n=4). The medial plantar flap was transposed to the defects in three different ways: proximally pedicled sensorial island flaps (n =8), distally pedicled sensate island flaps based on the lateral plantar vessel (n =3) and neurovascular free flaps (n =9). Flap size varied from a width of 4-8cm and a length of 6-12cm. The mean size of the medial plantar flap was 49.5cm(2) (range, 28-96cm(2)). The follow-up period ranged from 6 to 80 months (mean, 19.9 months). Partial flap loss was observed in two proximally pedicled sensorial island flaps and one distally pedicled sensate island flap. Two free flaps restored normal sensation within 5 years of surgery. Minor skin graft loss at the donor site was observed in seven patients. However, no revision or re-grafting was performed. Hyperkeratosis was observed in one case. All patients achieved normal gait within 3 months after surgery and none noticed recurred ulceration. Durable, sensate coverage of the defects was achieved in all patients. We advocate variable sensate medial plantar flaps for the reconstruction of moderate-size defects of the weight-bearing plantar subunits.
Prevalence of emotional and behavioural problems among primary school children in Karachi, Pakistan--multi informant survey.

OBJECTIVE
To determine emotional and behavioural problem among school going children in Pakistan.


METHODS
A cross sectional survey of school children of certain towns within Karachi metropolitan area, aged 5 to 11 years during 1(st) half of 2006. SDQ was filled out by parents and school teachers for the same children. Demographic data of parents, teachers and children were also collected using a separate performa.


RESULTS
7 private and 8 community schools agreed to participate. 1488 consent forms were sent to 700 parents of private school and 788 parents of community school children. A total of 675 parents agreed to participate in the study. The response rate was 45.3%. Assessment of children's mental health was conducted using Strength and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ). Parents rated 34.4% of children as falling under the "abnormal category on SDQ, slightly higher estimates 35.8% were reported by the teacher. The findings suggest a striking difference between the informants' ratings as well as gender wise difference in prevalence of common child mental health problems.


CONCLUSION
In the present study prevalence of child mental health problems was higher than reported in studies from other countries. There was also a gender difference in prevalence; boys had higher estimates of behavior/externalizing problems, whereas emotional problems were more common amongst females. There is a need for developing programs to train, sensitise and mobilize teachers and parents regarding child's psychological, emotional and behavioral problems.
A Practical Guide for Treatment of Pain in Patients with Systemic Mast Cell Activation Disease.

Systemic mast cell activation disease (MCAD, a subclass of mastocytosis), which has a prevalence of around 17% (at least in the German population), is characterized by accumulation of genetically altered dysfunctional mast cells with abnormal release of these cells' mediators. Since mast cells affect functions in potentially every organ system, often without causing abnormalities in routine laboratory or radiologic testing, this disease has to be considered routinely in the differential diagnosis of patients with chronic multisystem polymorbidity of a generally inflammatory and allergic theme. Pain in its different manifestations is a common symptom in MCAD found in more than three-quarters of the MCAD patients. Because of the specific mast cell-related causes of pain in MCAD it should be treated specifically, if possible, deduced from their putative mast cell mediator-related causes. As yet, there is no official guideline for treatment of MCAD at all. The present review focuses on mast cell mediator-induced acute and chronic pain and the current state of analgesic drug therapy options in MCAD. Due to the high prevalence of MCAD, many physicians are often faced with the issue of pain management in MCAD patients. Hence, our practical guide should contribute to the improvement of patient care.Key words: Pain therapy, mast cell activation disease, mast cell activation syndrome, systemic mastocytosis, mast cell.
Online shopping drivers and barriers for older adults: Age and gender differences

The use of the Internet by older adults is growing at a substantial rate. They are becoming an increasingly important potential market for electronic commerce. However, previous researchers and practitioners have focused mainly on the youth market and paid less attention to issues related to the online behaviors of older consumers. To bridge the gap, the purpose of this study is to increase a better understanding of the drivers and barriers affecting older consumers’ intention to shop online. To this end, this study is developed by integrating the Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology (UTAUT) and innovation resistance theory. By comparing younger consumers with their older counterparts, in terms of gender the findings indicate that the major factors driving older adults toward online shopping are performance expectation and social influence which is the same with younger. On the other hand, the major barriers include value, risk, and tradition which is different from younger. Consequently, it is notable that older adults show no gender differences in regards to the drivers and barriers. 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
A solitary primary subcutaneous hydatid cyst in the abdominal wall of a 70-year-old woman: a case report

INTRODUCTION
A solitary primary hydatid cyst in the subcutaneous abdominal wall is an exceptional entity, even in countries where the Echinococcus infestation is endemic.


CASE PRESENTATION
We report a case of a 70-year-old Caucasian woman who presented to our hospital with a subcutaneous mass in the para-umbilical area with a non-specific clinical presentation. The diagnosis of subcutaneous hydatid cyst was suspected on the basis of radiological findings. A complete surgical resection of the mass was performed and the patient had an uneventful post-operative recovery. The histopathology confirmed the suspected diagnosis.


CONCLUSION
Hydatid cyst should be considered in the differential diagnosis of every subcutaneous cystic mass, especially in regions where the disease is endemic. The best treatment is the total excision of the cyst with an intact wall.
Artificial Intelligence as an Effective Classroom Assistant

The field of artificial intelligence in education (AIED) uses techniques from AI and cognitive science to better understand the nature of learning and teaching and to build systems to help learners gain new skills or understand new concepts. This article studies metareviews and meta-analyses to make the case for blended learning, wherein the teacher can offload some work to AIED systems.
Information integration in the enterprise

A guide to the tools and core technologies for merging information from disparate sources.
Lattices and the Collaborative Design in Shipbuilding

The paper is devoted to application of formal concept analysis and collaborative design in shipbuilding. Sourcing and shoring strategies of a Norwegian multinational design company is illustrated by a concept lattice.
Cultural difference and mobile phone interface design: icon recognition according to level of abstraction

Mobile phone market has widened to a global scale and consequently mobile phones are distributed throughout the world. This tells that the user interface in mobile phones inevitably confronts cultural difference as much as other products and consequently the user interface suited to each cultural trait is required. To clarify the relation between cultural traits and mobile phone interface, UI elements which would be influenced by cultural traits in interaction between user and mobile phone were extracted and hypotheses related to the UI elements were proposed. For a pilot study, 20 subjects (10 subjects each from America and Korea) participated in the icon recognition test. The test parameters were task completion time, recognition rate, preference. The results show that Korean subjects performed significantly better in the set of concrete icons while American counterparts showed quite the opposite tendencies. No significant differences in preference according to icon style were found. The results suggest a possibility of cultural impact on icon recognition according to the level of abstraction.
Teachers’ Professional Development and Quality Assurance in Nigerian Secondary Schools

This study examined the relationship between teachers’ instructional tasks and their qualifications and teaching experience. The descriptive survey design was used in the study. Respondents included 60 principals and 540 teachers randomly selected from 60 secondary schools. Selection of the secondary schools was based on stratified random sampling method. Data were collected using Teachers’ Instructional Task Performance Rating Scale (TITPRS), Interview Guide for Principals (IGP) and Teachers’ Focus Group Discussion Guide (TFGDG). Data collcted were analysed using Pearson product moment correlation statistics. There were significant relationships between teachers’ qualifications and instructional task performance (r = 0.681 at p < 0.05), and between teachers’ teaching experience and instructional task performance (r = 0.742 at p <0.05). The study concluded that teachers’ instructional task performance can be enhanced with a good qualification and experience in teaching, while the challenges that teachers face in the tasks of instructional inputs and curriculum delivery require effective capacity development during service, so as to improve the quality of teaching in secondary schools and the overall quality of the education system.
A Deformed-Film UWB Antenna

Recently, microwave ultra-wideband (UWB) technology has attracted much attention in high speed wireless communications, imaging and radar applications. Antennas with very wide impedance bandwidth and stable radiations are required for such systems. Among many UWB antennas, planar types are low profile, light weight, low cost and suitable for mobile devices [1]. However, the planar antennas may not radiate omni-directionally at all operating frequencies because they generally have wide structures and are not rotationally symmetrical. A roll monopole antenna which is constructed by twisting a planar radiator into a roll shape has been proposed for improving radiation characteristics, but the bandwidth of the antenna was limited [2]. In this paper, we will propose a deformed film UWB antenna for operating at the FCC approved UWB of 3.1-10.6 GHz. The antenna is constructed by deforming a planar dipole which has a glass-shaped radiation element [3]. The antenna is optimized for the UWB operation in its planar form and can be deformed by different manners such as folding, meandering or twisting, without much influence on input characteristics. The deformation not only miniaturizes the antenna but also improves its radiation characteristics. To investigate experimentally the antenna, a prototype with a dimension of 20x33 mm is fabricated and then the antenna is deformed by rolling into a circular rod with a diameter of 6.5 mm, or meandering it into a square rod with a cross-sectional dimension of 6x5 mm. It is demonstrated that the deformed antennas still operate at the UWB and have better omni-directional radiation patterns than the antenna in its planar form.
Determinants of malaria infection in Dembia district, Northwest Ethiopia: a case-control study

BACKGROUND
Despite the progress in reducing malaria infections and related deaths, the disease remains a major global public health problem. The problem is among the top five leading causes of outpatient visits in Dembia district of the northwest Ethiopia. Therefore, this study aimed to assess the determinants of malaria infections in the district.


METHODS
An institution-based case-control study was conducted in Dembia district from October to November 2016. Out of the ten health centers in the district, four were randomly selected for the study in which 370 participants (185 cases and 185 controls) were enrolled. Data were collected using a pretested structured questionnaire. Factors associated with malaria infections were determined using logistic regression analysis. Odds ratio with 95% CI was used as a measure of association, and variables with a p-value of ≤0.05 were considered as statistically significant.


RESULTS
The median age of all participants was 26 years, while that of cases and controls was 22 and 30 with a range of 1 to 80 and 2 to 71, respectively. In the multivariable logistic regression, over 15 years of age adjusted odds ratio(AOR) and confidence interval (CI) of (AOR = 18; 95% CI: 2.1, 161.5), being male (AOR = 2.2; 95% CI: 1.2, 3.9), outdoor activities at night (AOR = 5.7; 95% CI: 2.5, 12.7), bed net sharing (AOR = 3.9; 95% CI: 2.0, 7.7), and proximity to stagnant water sources (AOR = 2.7; 95% CI: 1.3, 5.4) were independent predictors.


CONCLUSION
Being in over 15 years of age group, male gender, night time activity, bed net sharing and proximity to stagnant water sources were determinant factors of malaria infection in Dembia district. Additional interventions and strategies which focus on men, outdoor work at night, household net utilization, and nearby stagnant water sources are essential to reduce malaria infections in the area.
Ultra thin high efficiency CdS/CdTe thin film solar cells from numerical analysis

Polycrystalline cadmium telluride (CdTe) is the leading material for realization of low cost and high efficiency solar cell for terrestrial use. In this work, the CdTe conventional structure [1] was investigated and achieved the maximum conversion efficiency of 13.2% with CdTe baseline structure of SnO2/CdS/CdTe. To explore the possibility of ultra thin and high efficiency CdS/CdTe solar cell, the CdTe absorber layer and CdS window layer were decreased and found that 1 μm thin CdTe layer showed reasonable range of efficiency. Moreover, it was found that there were scopes to increase cell efficiency by reducing the cadmium sulfide (CdS) window layer thickness. The CdS window layer was reduced to 60 nm with insertion of zinc oxide (ZnO) or zinc stannate (Zn2SnO4) as a buffer layer to prevent forward leakage current. All the simulation have been done using Analysis of Microelectronic and Photonic Structures (AMPS 1D) simulator. The maximum conversion efficiency of 18.3% (Voc = 1.00 V, Jsc = 26.15 mA/cm, FF = 0.769) was achieved with 1 μmCdTe absorber layer, 60 nm-CdS window layer and 100 nm of ZnO or Zn2SnO4 buffer layer. Moreover, it was found that the cell normalized efficiency linearly decreased with the increasing operating temperature at the gradient of -0.4%/°C, which indicated better stability of the CdS/CdTe solar cells. Key-Words: Thin film solar cell, high efficiency, CdTe, CdS, zinc oxide, zinc stannate, AMPS 1D
A survey on face detection in the wild: Past, present and future

Face detection is one of the most studied topics in computer vision literature, not only because of the challenging nature of face as an object, but also due to the countless applications that require the application of face detection as a first step. During the past 15 years, tremendous progress has been made due to the availability of data in unconstrained capture conditions (so-called ’in-thewild’) through the Internet, the effort made by the community to develop publicly available benchmarks, as well as the progress in the development of robust computer vision algorithms. In this paper, we survey the recent advances in real-world face detection techniques, beginning with the seminal Viola-Jones face detector methodology. These techniques are roughly categorized into two general schemes: rigid templates, learned mainly via boosting based methods or by the application of deep neural networks, and deformable models that describe the face by its parts. Representative methods will be described in detail, along with a few additional successful methods that we briefly go through at the end. Finally, we survey the main databases used for the evaluation of face detection algorithms and recent benchmarking efforts, and discuss the future of face detection. c © 2014 Published by Elsevier Ltd.
Near field communication

For many years, pervasive computing research has explored the potential benefits of creating a connection between the virtual world of the Internet, and the physical world we live in. The Near Field Communication (NFC) standard might, at last, be the technology that makes this vision-sometimes referred to as the Internet of things-a ubiquitous reality.
Running for the Exit? International Bank Lending During a Financial Crisis

The global financial crisis has reignited the debate about the risks of financial globalization, in particular the instability of cross-border lending. We use loan-level data on lending by the largest international banks to their various countries of operation to examine why banks reduced lending more to some countries than to others during the 2008-09 crisis. The use of countryand bank-fixed effects allows us to disentangle credit supply and demand and to control for general bank characteristics. We find that banks continued to lend more to countries that are geographically close, where they are integrated into a network of domestic co-lenders, and where they have more lending experience. This suggests that banks’ ability to generate information about new clients and to use and exploit information about existing borrowers contributes to lending stability during a crisis. JEL codes: F36, F42, F52, G15, G21, G28
Ejaculation Frequency and Risk of Prostate Cancer: Updated Results with an Additional Decade of Follow-up.

BACKGROUND
Evidence suggests that ejaculation frequency may be inversely related to the risk of prostate cancer (PCa), a disease for which few modifiable risk factors have been identified.


OBJECTIVE
To incorporate an additional 10 yr of follow-up into an original analysis and to comprehensively evaluate the association between ejaculation frequency and PCa, accounting for screening, clinically relevant disease subgroups, and the impact of mortality from other causes.


DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS
A prospective cohort study of participants in the Health Professionals Follow-up Study utilizing self-reported data on average monthly ejaculation frequency. The study includes 31925 men who answered questions on ejaculation frequency on a 1992 questionnaire and followed through to 2010. The average monthly ejaculation frequency was assessed at three time points: age 20-29 yr, age 40-49 yr, and the year before questionnaire distribution.


OUTCOME MEASUREMENTS AND STATISTICAL ANALYSIS
Incidence of total PCa and clinically relevant disease subgroups. Cox models were used to estimate hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs).


RESULTS AND LIMITATIONS
During 480831 person-years, 3839 men were diagnosed with PCa. Ejaculation frequency at age 40-49 yr was positively associated with age-standardized body mass index, physical activity, divorce, history of sexually transmitted infections, and consumption of total calories and alcohol. Prostate-specific antigen (PSA) test utilization by 2008, number of PSA tests, and frequency of prostate biopsy were similar across frequency categories. In multivariable analyses, the hazard ratio for PCa incidence for ≥21 compared to 4-7 ejaculations per month was 0.81 (95% confidence interval [CI] 0.72-0.92; p<0.0001 for trend) for frequency at age 20-29 yr and 0.78 (95% CI 0.69-0.89; p<0.0001 for trend) for frequency at age 40-49 yr. Associations were driven by low-risk disease, were similar when restricted to a PSA-screened cohort, and were unlikely to be explained by competing causes of death.


CONCLUSIONS
These findings provide additional evidence of a beneficial role of more frequent ejaculation throughout adult life in the etiology of PCa, particularly for low-risk disease.


PATIENT SUMMARY
We evaluated whether ejaculation frequency throughout adulthood is related to prostate cancer risk in a large US-based study. We found that men reporting higher compared to lower ejaculatory frequency in adulthood were less likely to be subsequently diagnosed with prostate cancer.