LLukas22/scidocs huggingface dataset:
Potential application of functional porous TiO2 nanoparticles in light-controlled drug release and targeted drug delivery.

Novel multifunctional porous titanium dioxide (TiO2) nanoparticles modified with polyethylenimine (PEI) were developed to explore the feasibility of exploiting the photocatalytic property of titanium dioxide to achieve ultraviolet (UV) light triggered drug release. Additionally, in order to further realize targeting delivery, folic acid, which chemically conjugated to the surface of the functionalized multifunctional porous TiO2 nanoparticles through amide linkage with free amine groups of PEI, was used as a cancer-targeting agent to effectively promote cancer-cell-specific uptake through receptor-mediated endocytosis. And a typical poorly water-soluble anti-cancer drug, paclitaxel, was encapsulated in multifunctional porous TiO2 nanoparticles. The PEI on the surface of multifunctional porous TiO2 nanoparticles could effectively block the channel to prevent premature drug release, thus providing enough circulation time to target cancer cells. Following UV light radiation, PEI molecules on the surface were cut off by the free radicals (OH˙ and O2-) that TiO2 produced, and then the drug loaded in the carrier was released rapidly into the cytoplasm. Importantly, the amount of drug released from multifunctional porous TiO2 nanoparticles can be regulated by the UV-light radiation time to further control the anti-cancer effect. This multifunctional porous TiO2 nanoparticle exhibits a combination of stimuli-triggered drug release and cancer cell targeting. The authors believe that the present study will provide important information for the use of porous TiO2 nanomaterials in light-controlled drug release and targeted therapy.
Precise auditory–vocal mirroring in neurons for learned vocal communication

Brain mechanisms for communication must establish a correspondence between sensory and motor codes used to represent the signal. One idea is that this correspondence is established at the level of single neurons that are active when the individual performs a particular gesture or observes a similar gesture performed by another individual. Although neurons that display a precise auditory–vocal correspondence could facilitate vocal communication, they have yet to be identified. Here we report that a certain class of neurons in the swamp sparrow forebrain displays a precise auditory–vocal correspondence. We show that these neurons respond in a temporally precise fashion to auditory presentation of certain note sequences in this songbird’s repertoire and to similar note sequences in other birds’ songs. These neurons display nearly identical patterns of activity when the bird sings the same sequence, and disrupting auditory feedback does not alter this singing-related activity, indicating it is motor in nature. Furthermore, these neurons innervate striatal structures important for song learning, raising the possibility that singing-related activity in these cells is compared to auditory feedback to guide vocal learning.
Variants of the Andrews-Gordon Identities

The object of this paper is to propose and prove a new generalization of the Andrews-Gordon Identities, extending a recent result of Garrett, Ismail and Stanton. We also give a combinatorial discussion of the finite form of their result which appeared in the work of Andrews, Knopfmacher, and Paule.
Teaching points with 3-dimensional mapping of cardiac arrhythmia: mechanism of arrhythmia and accounting for the cycle length.

Tachycardias can be broadly considered as falling into 2 categories: focal and macroreentrant. Focal tachycardias originate from a discrete region. The mechanism may be automaticity or a small reentry circuit. Activation of the cardiac chamber spreads away from that site. In most cases the cycle length of the tachycardia is longer than the time required for activation of the chamber of origin. Thus, the ECG and recordings from within the chamber of origin reveal an isoelectric period of no electric activity preceding the earliest point of activation and after completion of conduction to the site of latest activation in the entire chamber. Thus, an activation sequence map of the chamber typically shows activation during only a portion of the tachycardia cycle length, typically less than 50%. With macroreentrant tachycardias, some part of the chambers (ventricles for ventricular tachycardia) is electrically activated at any given time during the cardiac cycle. A complete and carefully performed activation map should account for the entire tachycardia cycle length. This concept of cycle length approximation of the total activation times mapped can be an important prerequisite to accurate identification of an appropriate target for ablation. Thus, a few critical questions must be asked by the operator before deciding whether the mapping part of an ablation procedure is complete.
The Cognitive Ergonomics of Knowledge-Based Design Support Systems

Critiquing systems are a type of active, knowledge-based design support system. They propose to positively influence designers’ cognitive processes by pointing out potential problems and contentious issues while designers work. To investigate the effects such systems have on the activities of professional designers, a design environment containing a critiquing system was designed, built, and evaluated for a specific area: phone-based interface design. Four professional designers were observed using the environment to solve realistic design tasks. Our protocol analyses indicate that such systems do influence the behaviour of designers, but often indirectly. Designers were observed anticipating the activity of the system and taking preventative steps to avoid it. Differential effects depending on the designers’ level of domain experience were also observed. Overall, the system was better suited to the needs of highly experienced designers.
Bioremoval of hexavalent chromium from water by a salt tolerant bacterium, Exiguobacterium sp. GS1

Pollution of terrestrial surfaces and aquatic systems by hexavalent chromium, Cr(VI), is a worldwide public health problem. A chromium resistant bacterial isolate identified as Exiguobacterium sp. GS1 by 16S rRNA gene sequencing displayed high rate of removal of Cr(VI) from water. Exiguobacterium sp. GS1 is 99% identical to Exiguobacterium acetylicum. The isolate significantly removed Cr(VI) at both high and low concentrations (1–200 μg mL−1) within 12 h. The Michaelis–Menten K m and V max for Cr(VI) bioremoval were calculated to be 141.92 μg mL−1 and 13.22 μg mL−1 h−1, respectively. Growth of Exiguobacterium sp. GS1 was indifferent at 1–75 μg mL−1 Cr(VI) in 12 h. At initial concentration of 8,000 μg L−1, Exiguobacterium sp. GS1 displayed rapid bioremoval of Cr(VI) with over 50% bioremoval in 3 h and 91% bioremoval in 8 h. Kinetic analysis of Cr(VI) bioremoval rate revealed zero-order in 8 h. Exiguobacterium sp. GS1 grew and significantly reduced Cr(VI) in cultures containing 1–9% salt indicating high salt tolerance. Similarly the isolate substantially reduced Cr(VI) over a wide range of temperature (18–45  °C) and initial pH (6.0–9.0). The T opt and initial pHopt were 35–40  °C and 7–8, respectively. Exiguobacterium sp. GS1 displayed a great potential for bioremediation of Cr(VI) in diverse complex environments.
Climate Justice and Capabilities: A Framework for Adaptation Policy

We are already living with climate change. While the political arguments about causes and responses drag on, the people who are directly affected by its very real and increasing effects are beginning to face the urgent new reality of adaptation. As has been well documented, actual trends for a number of indicators—warming, rising sea levels, and extreme weather, for example—have far exceeded the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change’s (IPCC) predictions of just a few years ago. At the same time, one of the major political discourses surrounding climate change policy, at both the global and local level, has been that of climate justice. Climate justice theorists, governments of the most vulnerable nations, and activists and organizations in both local and global civil society have articulated a range of frameworks for understanding the relationship between the effects of climate change and conceptions of justice and fairness. These approaches include fairly straightforward polluter pays models (based on historical responsibility), fair share models (based on the equal allocation of emissions), and various rights-based models (such as development rights, human rights, and environmental rights). The strong assumption behind these models is that normative theories of climate justice can ground global climate policies. The question here is how those can be applied to the reality and necessity of adaptation. This article offers four arguments with regard to the current state of climate justice theory and its relationship to policy-making. First, most well-known approaches
Engineering microbial cell factories for the production of plant natural products: from design principles to industrial-scale production

Plant natural products (PNPs) are widely used as pharmaceuticals, nutraceuticals, seasonings, pigments, etc., with a huge commercial value on the global market. However, most of these PNPs are still being extracted from plants. A resource-conserving and environment-friendly synthesis route for PNPs that utilizes microbial cell factories has attracted increasing attention since the 1940s. However, at the present only a handful of PNPs are being produced by microbial cell factories at an industrial scale, and there are still many challenges in their large-scale application. One of the challenges is that most biosynthetic pathways of PNPs are still unknown, which largely limits the number of candidate PNPs for heterologous microbial production. Another challenge is that the metabolic fluxes toward the target products in microbial hosts are often hindered by poor precursor supply, low catalytic activity of enzymes and obstructed product transport. Consequently, despite intensive studies on the metabolic engineering of microbial hosts, the fermentation costs of most heterologously produced PNPs are still too high for industrial-scale production. In this paper, we review several aspects of PNP production in microbial cell factories, including important design principles and recent progress in pathway mining and metabolic engineering. In addition, implemented cases of industrial-scale production of PNPs in microbial cell factories are also highlighted.
Eternal black holes in Anti-de-Sitter

We propose a dual non-perturbative description for maximally extended Schwarzschild Anti-de-Sitter spacetimes. The description involves two copies of the conformal field theory associated to the AdS spacetime and an initial entangled state. In this context we also discuss a version of the information loss paradox and its resolution.
Genome screen to detect linkage to intracranial aneurysm susceptibility genes: the Familial Intracranial Aneurysm (FIA) study.

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE
Evidence supports a substantial genetic contribution to the risk of intracranial aneurysm (IA). The purpose of this study was to identify chromosomal regions likely to harbor genes that contribute to the risk of IA.


METHODS
Multiplex families having at least 2 individuals with "definite" or "probable" IA were ascertained through an international consortium. First-degree relatives of individuals with IA who were at increased risk of an IA because of a history of hypertension or present smoking were offered cerebral magnetic resonance angiography. A genome screen was completed using the Illumina 6K SNP system, and the resulting data from 192 families, containing 1155 genotyped individuals, were analyzed. Narrow and broad disease definitions were used when testing for linkage using multipoint model-independent methods. Ordered subset analysis was performed to test for a gene x smoking (pack-years) interaction.


RESULTS
The greatest evidence of linkage was found on chromosomes 4 (LOD=2.5; 156 cM), 7 (LOD=1.7; 183 cM), 8 (LOD=1.9; 70 cM), and 12 (LOD=1.6; 102 cM) using the broad disease definition. Using the average pack-years for the affected individuals in each family, the genes on chromosomes 4 (LOD=3.5; P=0.03), 7 (LOD=4.1; P=0.01) and 12 (LOD=3.6; P=0.02) all appear to be modulated by the degree of smoking in the affected members of the family. On chromosome 8, inclusion of smoking as a covariate did not significantly strengthen the linkage evidence, suggesting no interaction between the loci in this region and smoking.


CONCLUSIONS
We have detected possible evidence of linkage to 4 chromosomal regions. There is potential evidence for a gene x smoking interaction with 3 of the loci.
Parametric linear modeling of circular cMUT membranes in vacuum

We present a lumped element parametric model for the clamped circular membrane of a capacitive micromachined ultrasonic transducer (cMUT). The model incorporates an electrical port and two sets of acoustic ports, through which the cMUT couples to the medium. The modeling approach is based on matching a lumped element model and the mechanical impedance of the cMUT membrane at the resonance frequencies in vacuum. Very good agreement between finite element simulation results and model impedance is obtained. Equivalent circuit model parameters can be found from material properties and membrane dimensions without a need for finite element simulation
Globaledu - An Architecture to Support Learning in a Pervasive Computing Environment

This paper presents a propose for support learning in a pervasive computing environment. It is composed of educational service agents (ESA) and a pervasive personal pedagogical agent (P3A). ESA will support educational applications using the pervasive environment ISAM. Agents will be accessed through P3A, which shall always be with the learner (the agent moves to devices that the learner is using desktop, cellular phone, handhelds, etc), assisting the process of global learning through the identification and adaptation of the resources in agreement with the learner's educational model composed of the learner model, learner context and learning object model.
3.6 A 45Gb/s PAM-4 transmitter delivering 1.3Vppd output swing with 1V supply in 28nm CMOS FDSOI

The development of next-generation electrical link technology to support 400Gb/s standards is underway [1-5]. Physical constraints paired to the small area available to dissipate heat, impose limits to the maximum number of serial interfaces and therefore their minimum speed. As such, aggregation of currently available 25Gb/s systems is not an option, and the migration path requires serial interfaces to operate at increased rates. According to CEI-56G and IEEE P802.3bs emerging standards, PAM-4 signaling paired to forward error correction (FEC) schemes is enabling several interconnect applications and low-loss profiles [1]. Since the amplitude of each eye is reduced by a factor of 3, while noise power is only halved, a high transmitter (TX) output amplitude is key to preserve high SNR. However, compared to NRZ, the design of a PAM-4 TX is challenged by tight linearity constraints, required to minimize the amplitude distortion among the 4 levels [1]. In principle, current-mode (CM) drivers can deliver a differential peak-to-peak swing up to 4/3(VDD-VOV), but they struggle to generate high-swing PAM-4 levels with the required linearity. This is confirmed by recently published CM PAM-4 drivers, showing limited output swings even with VDD raised to 1.5V [2-4]. Source-series terminated (SST) drivers naturally feature better linearity and represent a valid alternative, but the maximum differential peak-to-peak swing is bounded to VDD only. In [5], a dual-mode SST driver supporting NRZ/PAM-4 was presented, but without FFE for PAM-4 mode. In this paper, we present a PAM-4 transmitter leveraging a hybrid combination of SST and CM driver. The CM part enhances the output swing by 30% beyond the theoretical limit of a conventional SST implementation, while being calibrated to maintain the desired linearity level. A 5b 4-tap FIR filter, where equalization tuning can be controlled independently from output matching, is also embedded. The transmitter, implemented in 28nm CMOS FDSOI, incorporates a half-rate serializer, duty-cycle correction (DCC), ≫2kV HBM ESD diodes, and delivers a full swing of 1.3Vppd at 45Gb/s while drawing 120mA from a 1V supply. The power efficiency is ~2 times better than those compared in this paper.
Practices of High Maturity Organizations

Over the last few years the Software Engineering Institute has participated in several workshops and site visits with maturity level 4 and 5 software organizations. This paper summarizes the lessons learned from those interactions with high maturity organizations, while preserving the anonymity of the organizations involved. Specific areas of interest include statistical process and quality control and product lines/families, but the observations cover a variety of engineering and management practices, including issues outside the scope of the Capability Maturity Model for Software. A survey was distributed to informally test the anecdotal observations about high maturity practices.
LaNCoA: A Python toolkit for Language Networks Construction and Analysis

In this paper we describe LaNCoA, Language Networks Construction and Analysis toolkit implemented in Python. The toolkit provides various procedures for network construction from the text: on the word-level (co-occurrence networks, syntactic networks, shuffled networks), and on the subword-level (syllable networks, grapheme networks). Furthermore, we implement functions for the language networks analysis on the global and local level. The toolkit is organized in several modules that enable various aspects of language analysis: analysis of global network measures for different co-occurrence window, comparison of networks based on original and shuffled texts, comparison of networks constructed on different language levels, etc. Text manipulation methods, like corpora cleaning, lemmatization and stopwords removal, are also implemented. For the basic network representation we use available NetworkX functions and methods. However, language network analysis is specific and it requires implementation of additional functions and methods. That was the main motivation for this research.
Commissioning hybrid advanced naturally ventilated buildings: a US case-study

A new building for a university near Chicago, USA, utilizes a hybrid advanced natural ventilation (ANV) strategy to condition a deep-plan library. The design and construction are described but the paper focuses on the post-construction, pre-occupancy commissioning trials undertaken to test both the active and passive environmental control systems. These simple qualitative trials confirmed that the ANV strategy functioned broadly as intended but reveal unexpected features of the mechanical systems, faulty components, errors in the control logic of the building management system, and design omissions. Many of these could be readily corrected prior to occupancy thereby improving the likely energy and environmental performance. The trials highlighted the need for forms of contract and methods of working that enable the integrated working of design teams, especially when designing innovative buildings. The benefits of adopting simple qualitative commissioning trials, and some of the current barriers to achieving this, are discussed.
Knowledge management: a key determinant in advancing technological innovation?

Purpose – This paper purports to analyze the relationship between knowledge management (KM) and technological innovation in the Malaysian manufacturing sector. Furthermore, the interrelationships between the KM dimensions will also be investigated. Design/methodology/approach – Survey data from 162 manufacturing firms were obtained. Multiple linear regression and neural network analysis were performed in this study to examine the relationships between KM and technological innovation; as well as the interrelationships between KM practices themselves. Findings – This research study provides empirical evidence and confirms the results of past researchers that KM practices (i.e. knowledge sharing, knowledge application and knowledge storage) are positively and significantly related to technological innovation (i.e. product and process innovation). Moreover, it is also discovered that the interrelationships between the KM dimensions are positive and significant. Research limitations/implications – This research implies that when firms understand the significance of KM dimensions, there is a great possibility that the firm will succeed in harvesting the full value of technological innovation. Meanwhile, the result may also serve as a guide to the manufacturing managers to understand the importance of KM in their managerial actions, so that the level of technological innovation in their firms can be greatly enhanced. Originality/value – Extensive research has not been done in the past to examine the relationship between the KM and technological innovation. Meanwhile, the investigation on the interrelationships between the KM dimensions has also been scarce. Hence, such a research is to be called for. This paper provides the manufacturing practitioners with useful guidelines on the appropriate KM practices to be implemented to ensure the improvement in technological innovation.
Comparison of twice-daily injections of biphasic insulin lispro and basal-bolus therapy: glycaemic control and quality-of-life of insulin-naïve type 2 diabetic patients.

OBJECTIVE
The aim of this study was to evaluate twice-daily injections of biphasic insulin lispro vs. basal-bolus (BB) therapy with regard to quality-of-life (QOL) and glycaemic control in insulin-naïve type 2 diabetic patients.


METHODS
Twenty-eight patients with type 2 diabetes were randomized to receive either twice-daily 50/50 premixed insulin lispro (Mix50 group) or BB (NPH insulin at bedtime and preprandial insulin lispro) therapy (BB group) for 12 weeks. Glycated haemoglobin (HbA1C), 1,5-anhydroglucitol (1,5-AG), blood plasma glucose level, body mass index (BMI), daily total insulin dosage and insulin therapy-related QOL (ITR-QOL) were studied.


RESULTS
ITR-QOL was significantly better in the Mix50 than in the BB group (103.1 +/- 9.8 vs. 90.6 +/- 19.4; p < 0.05). HbA(1c) improved in both groups (from 11.1 +/- 2.1 to 6.9 +/- 1.0% with Mix50 vs. from 11.0 +/- 2.3 to 6.6 +/- 0.8% with BB therapy).


CONCLUSION
These results might suggest that twice-daily injections of premixed rapid-acting insulin analogue therapy could achieve good glycaemic control and better QOL compared with BB therapy in insulin-naïve type 2 diabetes.
Correlational Analysis of Servant Leadership and School Climate.

The purpose of this mixed-method research study was to determine the extent that servant leadership was correlated with perceptions of school climate to identify whether there was a relationship between principals’ and teachers’ perceived practice of servant leadership and of school climate. The study employed a mixed-method approach by fi rst administering two validated quantitative instruments: Laub’s (1998) Organizational Leadership Assessment (OLA) measured the perceived servant leadership in the schools and Hoy, Tarter, & Kottkamp’s (1991) Organizational Climate Description Questionnaire-Revised (OCDQ-RE) measured the school’s climate. These instruments were administered to a randomly selected sample of 231 full-time teachers and 15 principals working in a Catholic school board in Ontario. Upon completion of the quantitative data analysis, focus group interviews were conducted with 10% of the sample. The data revealed a signifi cant positive correlation between servant leadership and school climate.