LLukas22/scidocs huggingface dataset:
Color velocity imaging quantification in the detection of intracranial collateral flow.

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE
The development of intracranial collateral circulation is associated with a lower risk of stroke. A noninvasive technique that can reliably detect the presence of intracranial collaterals would be a valuable factor in the assessment of risk in patients with occlusive cerebrovascular disease.


METHODS
Color velocity imaging quantification was used to measure the blood flow volume of the common carotid and vertebral arteries in 40 patients with carotid occlusive disease. The blood flow volumes in these arteries were correlated with angiographic evidence of collaterals to establish the best cutoffs for detecting intracranial collateral circulation.


RESULTS
A blood flow volume of either > or =370 mL/min in the common carotid artery or > or =120 mL/min in the vertebral artery was indicative of the presence of intracranial collaterals. The sensitivity and specificity for the common carotid artery were 92.3% [95% confidence interval (CI), 62.1 to 99.6] and 92.1% (95% CI, 77.5 to 97.9), respectively. The sensitivity and specificity for the vertebral artery were 75.0% (95% CI, 35.6 to 95.5) and 87.5% (95% CI, 66.5 to 96.7), respectively.


CONCLUSIONS
Color velocity imaging quantification offers a noninvasive, accurate method for detecting the presence of intracranial collateral circulation and quantifying its magnitude. This technique would be a useful adjunct in screening or continuous monitoring of patients with severe carotid occlusive disease.
Mobile phone addiction levels and negative emotions among Chinese young adults: The mediating role of interpersonal problems

This study evaluated the mediating role of interpersonal problems in the link between mobile phone addiction levels and negative emotions among mobile phone addicts and possible-mobile phone addicts respectively. The purpose of this study was to address two gaps in research. First, previous research has revealed that a positive association existed between mobile phone addiction levels and negative emotions, especially among those with interpersonal problems. The present study extended research by exploring the mechanisms underlying these associations. Second, Mobile phone addicts as a particular group has received much attention, however, research concerning the possible mobile phone addicts as another particular group is limited. A total of 1089 young adults in China were surveyed by using cluster sampling. Results showed that compared with nonaddicts, mobile phone addicts or possible mobile phone addicts spent more money and time on mobile phone use and were more vulnerable to have negative emotions. The effects of the possible mobile phone addiction on negative emotions were significant but weaker than those of the mobile phone addiction. Further, interpersonal problem was a significant mediator between mobile phone addiction levels and negative emotions. Findings and their implications are discussed. © 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Gigantomastia complicating mirror syndrome in pregnancy.

BACKGROUND
Gigantomastia is a rare and dangerous condition in pregnancy. Although improvement after delivery is likely, postpartum aggravation is possible. To date, various pharmacological approaches have been tried, with only marginal effectiveness. Surgical intervention is often necessary.


CASE
A young woman presented at 32 weeks' gestation with mirror syndrome and gigantomastia. Two years earlier she had had reduction mammoplasty by free nipple transplant. She delivered by cesarean. Rapid postpartum progression of gigantomastia led to breast necrosis and sepsis. The clinical course was complicated by acute respiratory distress syndrome and renal failure. Emergent bilateral simple mastectomy was performed, with subsequent clinical improvement.


CONCLUSION
When this devastating condition occurs in pregnancy or postpartum, urgent surgical intervention may prevent potentially fatal complications.
Patterns of glucose lowering drugs utilization in Portugal and in the Netherlands. Trends over time.

AIMS
To compare the temporal trends in the consumption patterns of glucose lowering drugs (GLD) between Portugal and the Netherlands from 2004 to 2013 and to examine possible reasons behind the cross-national variation found.


METHODS
All GLD (ATC pharmacological subgroup A10B) were selected for analysis. Consumption data were obtained for the 10-year period. Portuguese and Dutch drug estimates were obtained from nationwide databases.


RESULTS
The consumption of GLD increased in Portugal from 52.9 defined daily dose per 1000 inhabitants per day (DHD) in 2004 to 70.0 DHD in 2013 and in the Netherlands from 44.9 DHD in 2004 to 50.7 DHD in 2013. In Portugal, the use of fixed-dose combinations, especially with dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors (DPP-4) increased remarkably and in 2013 represented almost a quarter of total GLD consumption. In the Netherlands, the use of combinations was residual.


CONCLUSIONS
The consumption of GLD rose over the 10-year period in both countries. However, Portuguese overall consumption and costs of GLD were higher. The differentially rapid uptake of DPP-4 inhibitors in Portugal was the main driver of the cost difference.
Experimental Investigation of Light-Gauge Steel Plate Shear Walls

This paper describes the prototype design, specimen design, experimental setup, and experimental results of three steel plate shear wall concepts. Prototype light-gauge steel plate shear walls are designed as seismic retrofits for a hospital st area of high seismicity, and emphasis is placed on minimizing their impact on the existing framing. Three single-story test spe designed using these prototypes as a basis, two specimens with flat infill plates (thicknesses of 0.9 mm ) and a third using a corrugat infill plate (thickness of 0.7 mm). Connection of the infill plates to the boundary frames is achieved through the use of b combination with industrial strength epoxy or welds, allowing for mobility of the infills if desired. Testing of the systems is don quasi-static conditions. It is shown that one of the flat infill plate specimens, as well as the specimen utilizing a corrugated in achieve significant ductility and energy dissipation while minimizing the demands placed on the surrounding framing. Exp results are compared to monotonic pushover predictions from computer analysis using a simple model and good agreement DOI: 10.1061/ (ASCE)0733-9445(2005)131:2(259) CE Database subject headings: Shear walls; Experimentation; Retrofitting; Seismic design; Cyclic design; Steel plates . d the field g of be a ; 993; rot are have ds ts istexfrom ctive is to y seis eintrofit reatn to the ular are r light-
The question of Derrida's women

the other, in this case the question of woman (if one ignores the "but," which I will do but - only for the moment) returns the "other" to the position of object of knowledge.1 Such knowledge may be determinedly indeterminate - but indeterminacy itself can serve a purpose. Thus, the indeterminacy which Jacques Derrida ascribes to woman in his essay on Nietzsche's style, Spurs: Nietzsche's Styles/ ?perons: Les Styles de Nietzsche is often seen by his critics as yet another repositioning of woman as either the fetish of philosophy (Doane, 1989:125), or as the backdrop for the erection of a (masculine) philosophical system (See Irigaray, 1983). The beginning proper of Derrida's text is marked by a series of juxtapositions: the question of style/ the subject of woman: the question of style/veils and sails/ genres and genders/ spurs. Such an oblique entry into the question of woman allows one to overlook the ways that this essay might itself pose an interrogation of the "question of woman." If one is to examine the way that such an interrogation is articulated in the margins of this text, one must attend meticulously to Derrida's styles. One must therefore begin before the question of style2 and address the first question of his lecture: the question of the exergue. His attention in the first section of his reading to the form of the exergue will serve to situate the question of style as the question of woman. And because it is by means of an analysis of the exergue that Derrida problematizes the question of woman, I will pause at length in the space created by such an exergue.
Does real-time objective feedback and competition improve performance and quality in manikin CPR training – a prospective observational study from several European EMS

BACKGROUND
Previous studies have reported that the quality of cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) is important for patient survival. Real time objective feedback during manikin training has been shown to improve CPR performance. Objective measurement could facilitate competition and help motivate participants to improve their CPR performance. The aims of this study were to investigate whether real time objective feedback on manikins helps improve CPR performance and whether competition between separate European Emergency Medical Services (EMS) and between participants at each EMS helps motivation to train.


METHODS
Ten European EMS took part in the study and was carried out in two stages. At Stage 1, each EMS provided 20 pre-hospital professionals. A questionnaire was completed and standardised assessment scenarios were performed for adult and infant out of hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA). CPR performance was objectively measured and recorded but no feedback given. Between Stage 1 and 2, each EMS was given access to manikins for 6 months and instructed on how to use with objective real-time CPR feedback available. Stage 2 was undertaken and was a repeat of Stage 1 with a questionnaire with additional questions relating to usefulness of feedback and the competition nature of the study (using a 10 point Likert score). The EMS that improved the most from Stage 1 to Stage 2 was declared the winner. An independent samples Student t-test was used to analyse the objective CPR metrics with the significance level taken as p < 0.05.


RESULTS
Overall mean Improvement of CPR performance from Stage 1 to Stage 2 was significant. The improvement was greater for the infant assessment. The participants thought the real-time feedback very useful (mean score of 8.5) and very easy to use (mean score of 8.2). Competition between EMS organisations recorded a mean score of 5.8 and competition between participants recorded a mean score of 6.0.


CONCLUSIONS
The results suggest that the use of real time objective feedback can significantly help improve CPR performance. Competition, especially between participants, appeared to encourage staff to practice and this study suggests that competition might have a useful role to help motivate staff to perform CPR training.
Health Implications of a Vegetarian Diet: A Review

Improved health is one of the many reasons people choose to adopt a vegetarian diet, and there is now a wealth of evidence to support the health benefi ts of a vegetarian diet. Abstract: There is now a significant amount of research that demonstrates the health benefits of vegetarian and plant-based diets, which have been associated with a reduced risk of obesity, diabetes, heart disease, and some types of cancer as well as increased longevity. Vegetarian diets are typically lower in fat, particularly saturated fat, and higher in dietary fiber. They are also likely to include more whole grains, legumes, nuts, and soy protein, and together with the absence of red meat, this type of eating plan may provide many benefits for the prevention and treatment of obesity and chronic health problems, including diabetes and cardiovascular disease. Although a well-planned vegetarian or vegan diet can meet all the nutritional needs of an individual, it may be necessary to pay particular attention to some nutrients to ensure an adequate intake, particularly if the person is on a vegan diet. This article will review the evidence for the health benefits of a vegetarian diet and also discuss strategies for meeting the nutritional needs of those following a vegetarian or plant-based eating pattern.
FACT: an open-label randomized phase III study of fulvestrant and anastrozole in combination compared with anastrozole alone as first-line therapy for patients with receptor-positive postmenopausal breast cancer.

PURPOSE
To compare the effect of therapy with anastrozole versus a combination of fulvestrant and anastrozole in women in first relapse of endocrine-responsive breast cancer.


PATIENTS AND METHODS
Postmenopausal women, or premenopausal women receiving a gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonist, with estrogen receptor- and/or progesterone receptor-positive disease at first relapse after primary treatment of localized disease were open-label randomly assigned to a fulvestrant loading dose (LD) regimen followed by monthly injection plus 1 mg of anastrozole daily or to 1 mg of anastrozole daily alone. The primary end point was time to progression (TTP).


RESULTS
In all, 514 women were randomly assigned to fulvestrant plus anastrozole (experimental arm; n = 258) or anastrozole (standard arm; n = 256). Approximately two thirds had received adjuvant antiestrogens, but only eight individuals had received an aromatase inhibitor. Median TTP was 10.8 and 10.2 months in the experimental versus standard arm, respectively (hazard ratio [HR] = 0.99; 95% CI, 0.81 to 1.20; P = .91); median overall survival was 37.8 and 38.2 months, respectively (HR = 1.0; 95% CI, 0.76 to 1.32; P = 1.00). Incidences of prespecified adverse events (AEs) were similar. Hot flashes were more common in the experimental arm: 63 patients (24.6%) versus 35 patients (13.8%) in the standard arm (P = .0023). Death owing to AEs was reported in 11 (4.3%) and five patients (2.0%) in the experimental versus standard arm, respectively.


CONCLUSION
Fulvestrant (250 mg + LD regimen) in combination with anastrozole offered no clinical efficacy advantage over anastrozole monotherapy in this population of individuals with a relatively high proportion of previous adjuvant antiestrogen exposure.
Competing Cognitive Tactical Networks

Tactical communication networks generally operate in highly congested and contested environments. Traditionally, tactical communication radios and devices are statically configured to operate within a preallocated portions of the electromagnetic (EM) radio-frequency (RF) spectrum prior to deployment. This approach requires minimal coordination among the radios and reduces interference by other devices; however, it limits the radios' ability to take advantage of other unused spectrum resources and to avoid unintentional jamming by friendly forces or intentional jamming by adversaries. The capability of radios to dynamically search for, learn, and access available spectrum resources can greatly improve network performance in a congested environment. Independently from communication radios, friendly electronic warfare (EW) devices have to continuously search for and suppress adversaries' communications and jamming elements while avoiding unintentional jamming of friendly radios. The ability of friendly jamming devices to dynamically sense, learn, and observe spectral activities can lead to more effective jamming strategies and can help minimize self-jamming of friendly radios, especially during missions in which both assets have to coexist. Thus, it is imperative that future communication radios and EW devices be able to dynamically sense, classify, and coordinate access to the EM spectrum for more improved performance under congestion and more robust operations under contention (Figure 1). Before expanding upon strategies for spectrum sharing in the tactical domain, we would like to highlight ongoing spectrum-sharing efforts in the commercial sector. A cognitive-based strategy for transmission channel access addresses the need for an approach that is spectrally agile and efficient under scarce resources and that is resilient to adversarial threats. The strategy's five key components—sensing, learning, optimizing, transmitting, and jamming—are combined to model a tactical communications network, and game-theoretic algorithms and a performance metric are employed in a hypothetical blue-force versus red-force competition for spectrum resources.
Intravenous Amantadine for Freezing of Gait Resistant to Dopaminergic Therapy: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled, Cross-Over Clinical Trial

BACKGROUND
Freezing of gait (FOG) is one of the most disabling symptoms in Parkinsonism. Open-label studies have suggested that intravenous (IV) amantadine is effective against FOG resistant to dopaminergic therapy in Parkinson's disease (PD). We evaluated the efficacy of IV amantadine on FOG resistant to dopaminergic therapy.


METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS
This was a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, cross-over study on IV amantadine. The placebo (normal saline) and amantadine (400 mg/day) were injected for 2 days with a 52-hour washout period. The instruments for the outcome measures were the Freezing of Gait Questionnaire (FOGQ), Unified Parkinson's disease rating Scale (UPDRS), and the duration of the 4×10 m walking test. The placebo arm was compared to the amantadine arm. Ten patients were enrolled but two patients withdrew, one from each arm. The FOGQ and UPDRS scores and the duration of the 4×10 m walking test improved in both arms compared to the baseline (P<0.05 in all). However, there were no differences in these values between the amantadine arm and placebo arm (P = 0.368, P = 0.583, P = 0.206, respectively). Follow-up measures 2 weeks after discharge in an open-label study showed the beneficial effects of an amantadine tablet on FOG (FOGQ, P = 0.018; UPDRS, P = 0.012 respectively).


CONCLUSIONS/SIGNIFICANCE
This double blind, placebo-controlled study did not show the efficacy of IV amantadine on FOG when compared with the placebo. This study provides Class II evidence due to small sample size for the lack of benefit of IV amantadine on FOG resistant to dopaminergic therapy


TRIAL REGISTRATION
Clinicaltrials.gov NCT01313819.
Variational Autoencoder for Deep Learning of Images, Labels and Captions

A novel variational autoencoder is developed to model images, as well as associated labels or captions. The Deep Generative Deconvolutional Network (DGDN) is used as a decoder of the latent image features, and a deep Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) is used as an image encoder; the CNN is used to approximate a distribution for the latent DGDN features/code. The latent code is also linked to generative models for labels (Bayesian support vector machine) or captions (recurrent neural network). When predicting a label/caption for a new image at test, averaging is performed across the distribution of latent codes; this is computationally efficient as a consequence of the learned CNN-based encoder. Since the framework is capable of modeling the image in the presence/absence of associated labels/captions, a new semi-supervised setting is manifested for CNN learning with images; the framework even allows unsupervised CNN learning, based on images alone.
Chemoprevention of prostate cancer: Natural compounds, antiandrogens, and antioxidants – In vivo evidence

Prostate cancer is the leading non-skin malignancy detected in US males and the second cause of death due to male cancer, in the US. Interventions with drugs or diet supplements that slow down the growth and progression of prostate cancer are potentially very effective in reducing the burden of prostate cancer, particularly if these treatments also prevent the de novo development of new prostatic malignancies. Challenges to identify efficacious agents and develop them for chemopreventive application in men at risk for prostate cancer have included uncertainty about which preclinical models have the ability to predict efficacy in men and lack of consensus about which early phase clinical trial designs are the most appropriate and cost-effective to test promising agents. Efficacy studies in animal models have identified several agents with potential chemopreventive activity against prostate cancer, but few of these findings have been translated into clinical trials. This article identifies some of the major issues associated with prostate cancer chemoprevention research and summarizes the most significant current results from animal efficacy studies and human clinical prevention trials. This summary focuses on: (1) Naturally occurring agents and compounds derived from such agents, including green tea and its constituents, silibinin and milk thistle, and genistein and soy, (2) chemoprevention drugs including agents interfering with androgen action, and (3) antioxidants such as selenium, vitamin E, and lycopene. The general lack of activity of antioxidants is discussed, followed by considerations about translation of preclinical chemoprevention efficacy data, focusing on dose, form, bioavailability, and timing of administration of the agent, as well as discussion of study design of clinical trials and the predictive ability of preclinical models.
Training Generative Reversible Networks

Generative models with an encoding component such as autoencoders currently receive great interest. However, training of autoencoders is typically complicated by the need to train a separate encoder and decoder model that have to be enforced to be reciprocal to each other. To overcome this problem, by-design reversible neural networks (RevNets) had been previously used as generative models either directly optimizing the likelihood of the data under the model or using an adversarial approach on the generated data. Here, we instead investigate their performance using an adversary on the latent space in the adversarial autoencoder framework. We investigate the generative performance of RevNets on the CelebA dataset, showing that generative RevNets can generate coherent faces with similar quality as Variational Autoencoders. This first attempt to use RevNets inside the adversarial autoencoder framework slightly underperformed relative to recent advanced generative models using an autoencoder component on CelebA, but this gap may diminish with further optimization of the training setup of generative RevNets. In addition to the experiments on CelebA, we show a proofof-principle experiment on the MNIST dataset suggesting that adversary-free trained RevNets can discover meaningful latent dimensions without pre-specifying the number of dimensions of the latent sampling distribution. In summary, this study shows that RevNets can be employed in different generative training settings. Source code for this study is at https://github.com/robintibor/ generative-reversible Translational Neurotechnology Lab, Medical Center University of Freiburg, Germany Machine Learning Lab, University of Freiburg, Germany. Correspondence to: Robin Tibor Schirrmeister <robin.schirrmeister@uniklinik-freiburg.de>. Presented at the ICML 2018 workshop on Theoretical Foundations and Applications of Deep Generative Models, Stockholm, Sweden, PMLR 80, 2018. Copyright 2018 by the author(s).
Cognitive Radio baseband processing on a reconfigurable platform

Cognitive Radio is considered as a promising technology to address the paradoxof spectrum scarcity and spectrum under-utilization. It has to operate in different bands under various data rates and combat adverse channel conditions. Therefore, Cognitive Radio needs an adaptive physical layerwhich has to be supported by a reconfigurable baseband processing platform. In this paper,wepropose anMultiprocessor System-on-Chip (MPSoC) platform to fulfill the requirements of reconfigurability, speed and energy efficiency. The key element on this platform is the Montium tile processor. To support adaptive DSP algorithms for Cognitive Radio on this platform is our main interest. This paper discusses several key algorithms for Cognitive Radio baseband processing and the implementation on the Montium based reconfigurable platform. © 2009 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.