LLukas22/scidocs huggingface dataset:
An international survey on anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction practices

Bone-patellar-tendon-bone (BPTB) autografting fixed with metal interference screws (IS) is the gold standard for anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction. Advances in surgical technology provide a wide choice of grafts, fixation devices and surgical approaches. Two-hundred and sixty-one orthopedic surgeons of ten subspecialties from 57 countries were surveyed on their choice of graft and fixation device, the number of reconstructed bundles, and arthroscopic portal. Their preferences were analyzed according to country of origin, field of expertise and seniority, and compared to current publications. Hamstring autografting was the most popular choice (63 %), then BPTB (26 %) and allograft (11 %). The anteromedial portal was preferred over the traditional transtibial portal (68 % versus 31 %). Two-thirds reported routinely performing a single-bundle graft reconstruction, compared to one-third who used the double-bundle technique. The Endo-button was the most common graft fixation method (40 %), followed by the bioabsorbable IS (34 %), metallic IS (12 %), rigidfix (10 %) and others (4 %). The preferences of hamstring tendon grafting and the anteromedial portal are not supported in the literature. Responses from North American and European surgeons were different from all the others. Surgeon preferences in ACL reconstruction differ considerably worldwide. Common practice is not always supported by evidence-based publications.
Creating a cyber moving target for critical infrastructure applications using platform diversity

Despite the significant effort that often goes into securing critical infrastructure assets, many systems remain vulnerable to advanced, targeted cyber attacks. This paper describes the design and implementation of the Trusted Dynamic Logical Heterogeneity System (TALENT), a framework for live-migrating critical infrastructure applications across heterogeneous platforms. TALENT permits a running critical application to change its hardware platform and operating system, thus providing cyber survivability through platform diversity. TALENT uses containers (operating-system-level virtualization) and a portable checkpoint compiler to create a virtual execution environment and to migrate a running application across different platforms while preserving the state of the application (execution state, open files and network connections). TALENT is designed to support general applications written in the C programming language. By changing the platform on-the-fly, TALENT creates a cyber moving target and significantly raises the bar for a successful attack against a critical application. Experiments demonstrate that a complete migration can be completed within about one second. c ⃝ 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
Unravelling uniaxial strain effects on electronic correlations, hybridization and bonding in transition metal oxides

Abstract The interplay among spin, lattice, charge and orbit is of central importance for several rich and fascinating properties of oxides, and is the subject of intense research at present. Here, we present an approach to manipulate this interplay by Sn doping to effectively apply uniaxial strain on the TiO 2 lattice. The evolution of this interplay in pseudo-homoepitaxial Ti 1- x Sn x O 2 films is measured using a combination of X-ray absorption near edge spectroscopy at the O K and Ti L 3,2 -edges. Supported by various theoretical calculations, we find that the multiplet-type electronic correlations, long-range bonding and hybridization in the system can be controlled by independently modifying uniaxial strain, thereby allowing us to establish the correlations among these effects, doping concentration, and strain. This significantly widens the phase space for experimental exploration of predictive models and leads to new possibilities for manipulation over materials’ functional properties. The methodology presented here can be applied in general to study the nature of the multiplet-type electronic correlations and bonding properties in octahedral-coordinated 3 d N transition metal oxides.
LOCAL BANK OFFICE OWNERSHIP, DEPOSIT CONTROL, MARKET STRUCTURE, AND ECONOMIC GROWTH

The restructuring of commercial banking has heightened interest in its economic consequences both for the economy as a whole and for those most likely to bear adverse consequences: small businesses, small banks, and rural areas. Most previous research on bank restructuring focuses on changes in bank behavior. In contrast, this paper focuses on the empirical association between local economic performance and changes in local bank market regulation and structure. Findings suggest that mergers or acquisitions of local banks by nonlocal banks need not impair local economic growth, and may even have beneficial effects in rural markets, with the possible exception of farm-dependent areas. These findings are derived from empirical models that relate both shortrun and longrun growth in real per capita personal income to geographic restrictions on bank activity, local bank (deposit) market concentration, local or nonlocal ownership of local bank offices, and local or nonlocal control of local bank deposits. (This abstract was borrowed from another version of this item.)
Outcomes of vaginal hysterectomy for uterovaginal prolapse: a population-based, retrospective, cross-sectional study of patient perceptions of results including sexual activity, urinary symptoms, and provided care

BACKGROUND
Vaginal hysterectomy is often used to correct uterovaginal prolapse, however, there is little information regarding outcomes after surgery in routine clinical practice. The objective of this study was to investigate complications, sexual activity, urinary symptoms, and satisfaction with health care after vaginal hysterectomy due to prolapse.


METHODS
We analyzed data from the Swedish National Register for Gynecological Surgery (SNRGS) from January 1997 to August 2005. Women participating in the SNRGS were asked to complete surveys at two and six months postoperatively. Of 941 women who underwent vaginal hysterectomy for uterovaginal prolapse, 791 responded to questionnaires at two months and 682 at six months. Complications during surgery and hospital stay were investigated. The two-month questionnaire investigated complications after discharge, and patients' satisfaction with their health care. Sexual activity and urinary symptoms were reported and compared in preoperative and six-month postoperative questionnaires.


RESULTS
Almost 60% of women reported normal activity of daily life (ADL) within one week of surgery, irrespective of their age. Severe complications occurred in 3% and were mainly intra-abdominal bleeding and vaginal vault hematomas. Six months postoperative, sexual activity had increased for 20% (p = 0.006) of women and urinary urgency was reduced for 50% (p = 0.001); however, 14% (n = 76) of women developed urinary incontinence, 76% (n = 58) of whom reported urinary stress incontinence. Patients were satisfied with the postoperative result in 93% of cases and 94% recommended the surgery.


CONCLUSION
Vaginal hysterectomy is a patient-evaluated efficient treatment for uterovaginal prolapse with swift recovery and a low rate of complication. Sexual activity and symptoms of urinary urgency were improved. However, 14% developed incontinence, mainly urinary stress incontinence (11%). Therefore efforts to disclose latent stress incontinence should be undertaken preoperatively.
Standardizing Battle Management Language – Facilitating Coalition Interoperability

Communication of command and control (C2) information for military forces is moving towards more digitized systems. As such, not only are humans consuming this information but also more and more automated systems are doing so. Most recently there has been a need to use simulations to stimulate and be stimulated by the Command, Control, Communications, Computers, Intelligence, Surveillance and Reconnaissance (C4ISR) systems. This communication is becoming less interpersonal and more data oriented. The most critical C2 information, the commander’s intent, orders and directives, does not currently flow as data. It is communicated as ‘free text' elements within messages or as stand-alone files. While suitable for interpersonal communication, it is inadequate for use with simulations, or for the future forces that have robotic components. The United States Army’s Simulation to C4I Overarching Integrated Product Team (SIMCI OIPT) has identified BML as an essential issue for addressing this problem. This paper addresses the SIMCI OIPT proposed BML approach of adapting representations of orders and directives so that they are directly derived from doctrine and reside within the current standardized C4ISR data models. This provides a means to link the BML (terminology and symbology) directly to their doctrinal source; and it allows operational forces to use their C4ISR systems to 1) interact with supporting simulations to conduct rigorous, realistic training and support mission rehearsals, and 2) in the future, support an expedited military decision making process. Additionally, we examine how this approach can be expanded to the Joint and Combined/Coalition domains to not only advance interoperability between simulations and C4ISR devices but also between Services and other national forces.
Competencies management and learning organizational memory

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to present the MEMORAe project, the goal of which is to offer an alternative to the loss of competencies and knowledge in an organization. Design/methodology/approach – Within the project MEMORAe, interest was focused on the capitalization of knowledge and competencies in the context of an organization. The E-MEMORAe environment was developed based on the concept of learning organizational memory. This environment is dedicated to be used by a semantic learning organization as support for competency-based training. It is evaluated in this context. Findings – In the E-MEMORAe environment, learning content is indexed by knowledge and competencies organized by means of ontologies. Learners can acquire thise knowledge and these competencies by doing different tasks, accessing different contents. In the memory, competencies are defined via the knowledge they enable to be put into practice. Practical implications – It is known that some industrial communities of practice are interested in the use of E-MEMORAe. Originality/value – Within the MEMORAe project, an ontology-based learning organizational memory is proposed as support for learning object retrieval by competency for competency based learning. Using such a memory enables and goes beyond organizational knowledge management. Knowledge and competencies are defined and structured to facilitate their access and their learning. This latter is also made possible thanks to the resources that they index.
NRC-Canada: Building the State-of-the-Art in Sentiment Analysis of Tweets

In this paper, we describe how we created two state-of-the-art SVM classifiers, one to detect the sentiment of messages such as tweets and SMS (message-level task) and one to detect the sentiment of a term within a message (term-level task). Among submissions from 44 teams in a competition, our submissions stood first in both tasks on tweets, obtaining an F-score of 69.02 in the message-level task and 88.93 in the term-level task. We implemented a variety of surface-form, semantic, and sentiment features. We also generated two large word–sentiment association lexicons, one from tweets with sentiment-word hashtags, and one from tweets with emoticons. In the message-level task, the lexicon-based features provided a gain of 5 F-score points over all others. Both of our systems can be replicated using freely available resources.1
Translation and validation of a Chinese version of the Warwick-Edinburgh Mental Well-being Scale with undergraduate nursing trainees.

WHAT IS KNOWN ON THE SUBJECT?: Warwick-Edinburgh Mental Well-being Scale (WEMWBS) which is a measurement of mental health and well-being, was translated into Chinese to assess the reliability and validity in a sample of undergraduate nursing trainees in Wenzhou. WHAT THIS PAPER ADDS TO EXISTING KNOWLEDGE?: Currently, there is no a reliable assessment tool to systematically evaluate mental well-being in mainland China. Therefore, we undertook the translation and cultural adaptation of the WEMWBS and tested the scale's reliability and validity. The reliability and validity of the Chinese version of the Short Warwick-Edinburgh Mental Well-being Scale have been demonstrated in Hong Kong, but the WEMWBS has not been validated in mainland China in either clinical or non-clinical settings. WHAT ARE THE IMPLICATIONS FOR PRACTICE?: It might provide a reliable quantitative tool to evaluate mental well-being in non-clinical settings, which has important implications for mental health nursing. In future,it might be a reliable quantitative tool for evaluating mental well-being in other population such as hospitalized patients to improve their life quality.


ABSTRACT
Introduction There is growing interest worldwide in the evaluation of positive mental health and wellbeing. Aim This study was to translate the Warwick-Edinburgh Mental Well-being Scale (WEMWBS) into Chinese and assess the reliability and validity of this scale in a sample of undergraduate nursing trainees. Methods A forward and backward translation protocol was used to translate the scale into Chinese. The psychometric properties of the C-WEMWBS, such as internal consistency reliability, test-retest reliability and factorial validity, were analysed. Results All 14 items of the initial C-WEMWBS were rated as conceptually equivalent to those of the original version. Confirmatory factor analysis indicated the emergence of a single factor. The psychometric properties of the C-WEMWBS were satisfactory, with an internal consistency reliability of .94 and a test-retest reliability of .83. The item-total correlations ranged from .66 to .83. There was a moderate relationship (r = .52) between the C-WEMWBS and the WHO-5. Implications for practice This was the first Chinese version of the WEMWBS to be developed and psychometrically assessed with a sample of undergraduate nursing trainees. It provides a reliable quantitative tool to evaluate mental well-being in non-clinical settings, which has important implications for mental health nursing.
From transaction to transformation: information and communication technology, professional development and the formation of communities of practice

Using the concept of ‘layers of community’, this paper describes and explains the ways in which teams of teachers, teacher educators and researchers worked together on the research project InterActive Education: teaching and learning in the information age. The focus is on the development and dissemination of professional knowledge as it relates to teaching and learning that incorporates information and communications technology (ICT) as a tool. Drawing on a range of data, we illustrate how ‘micro-’, ‘meso-’ and ‘macro’-communities inter-connect to create the settings for improved professional growth. The purpose is to challenge the linearity embedded in much of the professional development processes associated with ICT and to re-model the relationship between practice and research.
Phytochemical fingerprinting to thwart black cohosh adulteration: a 15 Actaea species analysis.

INTRODUCTION
The popular use of black cohosh products (Actaea racemosa L., syn. Cimicifuga racemosa L.) is growing as the demand for alternatives to estrogen therapy has increased. Critical to safe use is the assurance of unadulterated, high-quality products. Questions have been raised about the safety of black cohosh due to cases of liver toxicity in patients who reported taking it; subsequent evaluation found some products to be adulterated with other related herbal species. Correct plant species identification is a key first step for good manufacturing practices of safe black cohosh products.


OBJECTIVES
To develop analytical methods which distinguish black cohosh from other species (American and Asian) of Actaea increasingly found as adulterants in commercially available black cohosh products.


MATERIAL AND METHODS
Fifteen species of Actaea were collected from North America and Asia, and the phytochemical fingerprints of these samples were established using HPLC-PDA and LC-MS techniques.


RESULTS
The HPLC and LC-MS fingerprints for polyphenols and triterpene glycosides revealed distinct patterns that make black cohosh clearly distinguishable from most other species of Actaea. Two marker compounds, cimifugin and cimiracemoside F, were found to be important to distinguish black cohosh from most Asian species of Actaea. Formononetin was not found from either Asian or American species of Actaea.


CONCLUSIONS
Phytochemical fingerprinting is a practical, reliable method for authenticating black cohosh and distinguishing it from other species of Actaea increasingly found as adulterants in commercially available black cohosh products. This should facilitate the continued development of high-quality, unadulterated black cohosh products.
Assessing Water Filtration and Safe Storage in Households with Young Children of HIV-Positive Mothers: A Randomized, Controlled Trial in Zambia

BACKGROUND
Unsafe drinking water presents a particular threat to people living with HIV/AIDS (PLHIV) due to the increased risk of opportunistic infections, diarrhea-associated malabsorption of essential nutrients, and increased exposure to untreated water for children of HIV-positive mothers who use replacement feeding to reduce the risk of HIV transmission. This population may particularly benefit from an intervention to improve water quality in the home.


METHODS AND FINDINGS
We conducted a 12-month randomized, controlled field trial in Zambia among 120 households with children <2 years (100 with HIV-positive mothers and 20 with HIV-negative mothers to reduce stigma of participation) to assess a high-performance water filter and jerry cans for safe storage. Households were followed up monthly to assess use, drinking water quality (thermotolerant coliforms (TTC), an indicator of fecal contamination) and reported diarrhea (7-day recall) among children <2 years and all members of the household. Because previous attempts to blind the filter have been unsuccessful, we also assessed weight-for-age Z-scores (WAZ) as an objective measure of diarrhea impact. Filter use was high, with 96% (596/620) of household visits meeting the criteria for users. The quality of water stored in intervention households was significantly better than in control households (3 vs. 181 TTC/100 mL, respectively, p<0.001). The intervention was associated with reductions in the longitudinal prevalence of reported diarrhea of 53% among children <2 years (LPR=0.47, 95% CI: 0.30-0.73, p=0.001) and 54% among all household members (LPR=0.46, 95% CI: 0.30-0.70, p<0.001). While reduced WAZ was associated with reported diarrhea (-0.26; 95% CI: -0.37 to -0.14, p<0.001), there was no difference in WAZ between intervention and control groups.


CONCLUSION
In this population living with HIV/AIDS, a water filter combined with safe storage was used correctly and consistently, was highly effective in improving drinking water quality, and was protective against diarrhea.


TRIAL REGISTRATION
Clinicaltrials.gov NCT01116908.
Thermalization and pinch singularities in non-equilibrium quantum field theory

Abstract I argue that, within the Closed-Time-Path formalism, pinch singularities do not appear in truly out-of-equilibrium situations.
Impact of biatrial defragmentation in patients with paroxysmal atrial fibrillation: results from a randomized prospective study.

BACKGROUND
Single procedure success rates of pulmonary vein isolation (PVI) in patients with paroxysmal atrial fibrillation (PAF) are still unsatisfactory. In patients with persistent atrial fibrillation (AF), ablation of complex fractionated atrial electrograms (CFAEs) after PVI results in improved outcomes.


OBJECTIVE
We aimed to investigate if PAF-patients with intraprocedurally sustained AF after PVI might benefit from additional CFAE ablation.


METHODS
A total of 1134 consecutive patients underwent a first catheter ablation procedure of PAF between June 2008 and December 2012. In most patients, AF was either not inducible or terminated during PVI. In 68 patients (6%), AF sustained after successful PVI. These patients were randomized to either cardioversion (PVI-alone group; n = 33) or additional CFAE ablation (PVI+CFAE group; n = 35) and followed up every 1-3 months and serial Holter recordings were also obtained. The primary end point was the recurrence of AF/atrial tachycardia (AT) after a blanking period of 3 months.


RESULTS
Procedure duration (127 ± 6 minutes vs 174 ± 10 minutes), radiofrequency application time (44 ± 3 minutes vs 74 ± 5 minutes), and fluoroscopy time (26 ± 2 minutes vs 41 ± 3 minutes) were longer in the PVI+CFAE group (all P < .001). In 30 of 35 patients (86%) in the PVI+CFAE group, ablation terminated AF. There was no significant group difference with respect to freedom from AF/AT (22 of 33 [67%] vs 22 of 35 [63%]; P = .66). Subsequently, 10 of 11 patients in the PVI-alone group (91%) and 11 of 13 patients in PVI+CFAE group (85%) underwent repeat ablation (P = 1.00). Overall, 29 of 33 [88%] vs 30 of 35 [86%] patients (P = 1.00) were free from AF/AT after 1.4 ± 0.1 vs 1.4 ± 0.2 (P = .87) procedures.


CONCLUSION
Patients with sustained AF after PVI in a PAF cohort are rare. Regarding AF/AT recurrence, these patients did not benefit from further CFAE ablation compared to PVI alone, but are exposed to longer procedure duration, fluoroscopy time, and radiofrequency application time.
“Ingroup love” and “outgroup hate” in intergroup conflict between natural groups

We report on two studies investigating the motivations ("ingroup love" and "outgroup hate") underlying individual participation in intergroup conflict between natural groups (fans of football clubs, supporters of political parties), by employing the Intergroup Prisoner's Dilemma Maximizing-Difference (IPD-MD) game. In this game group members can contribute to the ingroup (at a personal cost) and benefit ingroup members with or without harming members of an outgroup. Additionally, we devised a novel version of the IPD-MD in which the choice is between benefiting ingroup members with or without helping members of the outgroup. Our results show an overall reluctance to display outgroup hate by actively harming outgroup members, except when the outgroup was morality-based. More enmity between groups induced more outgroup hate only when it was operationalized as refraining from help.
Using clustering methods to improve ontology-based query term disambiguation

In this article we describe results of our research on the disambiguation of user queries using ontologies for categorization. We present an approach to cluster search results by using classes or “Sense Folders” ~prototype categories! derived from the concepts of an assigned ontology, in our case WordNet. Using the semantic relations provided from such a resource, we can assign categories to prior, not annotated documents. The disambiguation of query terms in documents with respect to a user-specific ontology is an important issue in order to improve the retrieval performance for the user. Furthermore, we show that a clustering process can enhance the semantic classification of documents, and we discuss how this clustering process can be further enhanced using only the most descriptive classes of the ontology. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.