LLukas22/scidocs huggingface dataset:
The intercellular adhesion molecule, cadherin-10, is a marker for human prostate luminal epithelial cells that is not expressed in prostate cancer

During the normal turnover of prostate epithelium, stem cells in the basal cell layer produce an intermediate cell population that gives rise to fully differentiated secretory luminal cells. This process is extensively studied in relation to the development of prostate disease, in particular, to elucidate the origin and nature of prostate cancer. We previously showed that the mRNA of a poorly characterised intercellular adhesion molecule, cadherin-10, is strongly expressed in human prostate. Using anticadherin-10 antibodies, immunohistochemistry, and confocal microscopy, we have examined the pattern of cadherin-10 expression in relation to human prostate epithelial differentiation markers (E-cadherin, CD44, and cytokeratins (CK) 14, 18 and 19) in archival paraffin-embedded and fixed–frozen histopathological specimens in individual and serial sections. In non-neoplastic prostate, E-cadherin is expressed by all basal and luminal epithelial cells, while cadherin-10 is variably expressed in luminal cells where it is colocalised with E-cadherin at basolateral plasma membranes. Cadherin-10 is absent in CK14- and/or CD44-positive basal cells, but is expressed in CK18-positive luminal cells (differentiated secretory cells), a subset of CK19-positive intermediate/luminal cells, but not CK19-positive basal cells. Small foci of prostate cancer express E-cadherin, CK19 and CK18, but cadherin-10 expression is low or undetectable. These findings suggest that the expression of cadherin-10 is associated with the later stages of differentiation of luminal secretory cells, indicating a specific role in secretory cell terminal differentiation. While prostate cancer cells express secretory cell markers (eg, CK18, prostate-specific antigen) and the more generally expressed E-cadherin, their failure to express cadherin-10 further emphasises a role for this cadherin in normal prostate organisation and function.
Interactive augmented reality

Augmented reality is the merging of synthetic sensory information into a user’s perception of a real environment. Until recently, it has presented a passive interface to its human users, who were merely viewers of the scene augmented only with visual information. In contrast, practically since its inception, computer graphics—and its outgrowth into virtual reality—has presented an interactive environment. It is our thesis that the augmented reality interface can be made interactive. We present: techniques that can free the user from restrictive requirements such as working in calibrated environments, results with haptic interface technology incorporated into augmented reality domains, and systems considerations that underlie the practical realization of these interactive augmented reality techniques.
Classifiers and machine learning techniques for image processing and computer vision

We propose the use of classifiers and machine learning techniques to extract useful information from data sets (e.g., images) to solve important problems in Image Processing and Computer Vision. We are interested in: two and multiclass image categorization, hidden messages detection, discrimination among natural and forged images, authentication, and multi-classification. Keywords-Machine Learning Techniques; Digital Forensics; Steganalysis; Feature Fusion; Classifier Fusion; Multi-class Classification; Image Categorization.
On some symmetric dual models in multiobjective programming

Certain omissions have been pointed out in some papers on symmetric duality in multiobjective programming. Corrective measures have also been discussed.
Electronic alerts versus on-demand decision support to improve dyslipidemia treatment: a cluster randomized controlled trial.

BACKGROUND
Indirect evidence shows that alerting users with clinical decision support systems seems to change behavior more than requiring users to actively initiate the system. However, randomized trials comparing these methods in a clinical setting are lacking. We studied the effect of both alerting and on-demand decision support with respect to screening and treatment of dyslipidemia based on the guidelines of the Dutch College of General Practitioners.


METHODS AND RESULTS
In a clustered randomized trial design, 38 Dutch general practices (77 physicians) and 87,886 of their patients (39,433 men 18 to 70 years of age and 48,453 women 18 to 75 years of age) who used the ELIAS electronic health record participated. Each practice was assigned to receive alerts, on-demand support, or no intervention. We measured the percentage of patients screened and treated after 12 months of follow-up. In the alerting group, 65% of the patients requiring screening were screened (relative risk versus control=1.76; 95% confidence interval, 1.41 to 2.20) compared with 35% of patients in the on-demand group (relative risk versus control=1.28; 95% confidence interval, 0.98 to 1.68) and 25% of patients in the control group. In the alerting group, 66% of patients requiring treatment were treated (relative risk versus control=1.40; 95% confidence interval, 1.15 to 1.70) compared with 40% of patients (relative risk versus control=1.19; 95% confidence interval, 0.94 to 1.50) in the on-demand group and 36% of patients in the control group.


CONCLUSIONS
The alerting version of the clinical decision support systems significantly improved screening and treatment performance for dyslipidemia by general practitioners.
Resection of the vaginal vault for vaginal recurrence of cervical cancer after hysterectomy and brachytherapy

BACKGROUND
We describe our experiences with vaginal vault resection for vaginal recurrence of cervical cancer after hysterectomy and radiotherapy. After operative treatment, the rate of vaginal vault recurrence of uterine cervical cancer is reported to be about 5%. There is no consensus regarding the treatment for these cases.


METHODS
Between 2004 and 2012, eight patients with vaginal vault recurrence underwent removal of the vaginal wall via laparotomy after hysterectomy and radiotherapy.


RESULTS
The median patient age was 45 years (range 35 to 70 years). The median operation time was 244.5 min (range 172 to 590 min), the median estimated blood loss was 362.5 mL (range 49 to 1,890 mL), and the median duration of hospitalization was 24.5 days (range 11 to 50 days). Two patients had intraoperative complications: a grade 1 bowel injury and a grade 1 bladder injury. The following postoperative complications were observed: one patient had vaginal vault bleeding, three patients developed vesicovaginal fistulae, and one patient had repeated ileus. Two patients needed clean intermittent catheterization. Local control was achieved in five of the eight cases.


CONCLUSIONS
Vaginal vault resection is an effective treatment for vaginal recurrence of cervical cancer after hysterectomy and radiotherapy. However, complications of this procedure can be expected to reduce quality of life. Therefore, this operation should be selected with great care.
Pheromone Reception

Insects are analytical chemists par excellence. They perceive the world through semiochemicals with inordinate sensitivity.A male moth, for example, can detect a “scent of woman,” i.e., a female-produced sex pheromone, even when the signal-to-noise ratio is very low. In a sense the antennae are “signal translators.” The chemicals signals are “translated” into the language of the brain (nerve impulses or spikes) by an array of sensilla mainly located on the antennae. This information is conveyed to the brain for further processing. Chemical ecologists utilize insect antennae as biosensors for the identification of pheromones and other semiochemicals. The insect olfactory system is also highly selective, able to discriminate natural pheromones from molecules with minimal structural changes. In some cases, one stereoisomer functions as an attractant sex pheromone and its antipode is a behavioral antagonist (inhibitory signal). The specificity of the olfactory system seems to be achieved by two layers of filters. The first level of discrimination is determined by odorantbinding proteins (OBPs) that assist the hydrophobic pheromones to cross an aqueous barrier and reach their receptors. Both OBP and odorant receptor (OR) contribute to the specificity of the cell response and lead to the remarkable selectivity of the insect olfactory system. The members of the OBP-gene family, encoding the encapsulins, form a large group with olfactory and non-olfactory proteins. While the functions of many members of the family are yet to be determined, there is solid evidence for the mode of action of OBPs. Pheromones (and other semiochemicals) enter the sensillar lymph through pore tubules in the cuticle (sensillar wall), are solubilized upon being encapsulated by odorant-binding proteins, and transported to the olfactory receptors. Bound pheromone molecules are protected Topics in Current Chemistry (2005) 240: 1– 36 DOI 10.1007/b98314 © Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2005 from odorant-degrading enzymes. Upon interaction with negatively-charged sites at the dendritic membrane, the OBP-ligand complex undergoes a conformational change that leads to the ejection of pheromone. Direct activation of odorant receptors by odorant molecules initiates a cascade of events leading to the generation of spikes. Reverse chemical ecology is a new concept for the screening of attractants based on the binding ability of OBPs to test
Detection of Ellipses by a Modified Hough Transformation

The Hough transformation can detect straight lines in an edge-enhanced picture, however its extension to recover ellipses requires too long a computing time. This correspondence proposes a modified method which utilizes two properties of an ellipse in such a way that it iteratively searches for clusters in two different parameter spaces to find almost complete ellipses, then evaluates their parameters by the least mean squares method.
Development of a Smartphone Application to Measure Physical Activity Using Sensor-Assisted Self-Report

INTRODUCTION
Despite the known advantages of objective physical activity monitors (e.g., accelerometers), these devices have high rates of non-wear, which leads to missing data. Objective activity monitors are also unable to capture valuable contextual information about behavior. Adolescents recruited into physical activity surveillance and intervention studies will increasingly have smartphones, which are miniature computers with built-in motion sensors.


METHODS
This paper describes the design and development of a smartphone application ("app") called Mobile Teen that combines objective and self-report assessment strategies through (1) sensor-informed context-sensitive ecological momentary assessment (CS-EMA) and (2) sensor-assisted end-of-day recall.


RESULTS
The Mobile Teen app uses the mobile phone's built-in motion sensor to automatically detect likely bouts of phone non-wear, sedentary behavior, and physical activity. The app then uses transitions between these inferred states to trigger CS-EMA self-report surveys measuring the type, purpose, and context of activity in real-time. The end of the day recall component of the Mobile Teen app allows users to interactively review and label their own physical activity data each evening using visual cues from automatically detected major activity transitions from the phone's built-in motion sensors. Major activity transitions are identified by the app, which cues the user to label that "chunk," or period, of time using activity categories.


CONCLUSION
Sensor-driven CS-EMA and end-of-day recall smartphone apps can be used to augment physical activity data collected by objective activity monitors, filling in gaps during non-wear bouts and providing additional real-time data on environmental, social, and emotional correlates of behavior. Smartphone apps such as these have potential for affordable deployment in large-scale epidemiological and intervention studies.
Short-term Hydrothermal Coordination Based on Interior Point Nonlinear Programming and Genetic Algorithms

AbstmctThis paper presents a combined Primal-Dual Logarithmic-Barrier Interior Point and Genetic algorithm for short-term hydr-thermal coordination. The genetic algorithm is used to compute the optimal on/off status of thermal units, while the Interior Point module deals with the optimal solution of the hydraulically-coupled short-term Economic Dispatch of thermal and hydro units. Inter-temporal constraints both due to cascaded reservoirs and maximum up and down ramps of thermal units are included in the latter module. Results from realistic cases based on the Spanish power system are reported.
Assuring Resilience, Security and Privacy for Flexible Networked Systems and Organisations (Dagstuhl Seminar 15151)

Dagstuhl Seminar 15151 entitled “Assuring Resilience, Security and Privacy for Flexible Networked Systems and Organisations” brought together researchers from different disciplines in order to establish a research agenda for making future services in our increasingly connected world more resilient and secure, as well as addressing privacy. The participants came from a range of disciplines covering the techno-legal domain, resilience and systems security, and sociotechnical concerns. The use case domains that were discussed during the Seminar covered the Internet of Things (IoT) as well as Cloud-based applications in which flexible service composition is a crucial element. From a starting point covering the “big picture”, the legal viewpoint, the technical viewpoint, and the organisational viewpoint, we derived initial research questions in small groups, and the questions and issues arising were then consolidated and refined. The groups discussed the issues in depth and have produced the report and the research agenda contained here. Seminar April 7–10, 2015 – http://www.dagstuhl.de/15151 1998 ACM Subject Classification C.2 Computer-communication networks, J.4 Social and behavioural sciences, K.4 Computers and society, K.5 Legal aspects of computing
GPU Based cloth simulation with Moving Humanoids

In this paper we present a new real-time cloth simulation. The usual bottleneck in cloth simulation is collision detection, which becomes more difficult to solve, with good frame rates, when a complex geometry, like a human body, is involved. Recent collision image based methods, that use depth images to detect collisions, usually relays on CPU for collision correction. In our case we implement a GPU based simulation that takes care both of cloth simulation and body-cloth collisions. Our solution is based on a hierarchic depth map structure. A high frame rate is obtained with both structured and unstructured cloth meshes with thousands of particles.
A Local Density Based Spatial Clustering Algorithm with Noise

Density-based clustering algorithms are attractive for the task of class identification in spatial database. However, in many cases, very different local-density clusters exist in different regions of data space, therefore, DBSCAN [Ester, M. et al., A Density-Based Algorithm for Discovering Clusters in Large Spatial Databases with Noise. In E. Simoudis, J. Han, & U. M. Fayyad (Eds.), Proc. 2nd Int. Conf. on Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining (pp. 226-231). Portland, OR: AAAI.] using a global density parameter is not suitable. As an improvement, OPTICS [Ankerst, M. et al,(1999). OPTICS: Ordering Points To Identify the Clustering Structure. In A. Delis, C. Faloutsos, & S. Ghandeharizadeh (Eds.), Proc. ACM SIGMOD Int. Conf. on Management of Data (pp. 49-60). Philadelphia, PA: ACM.] creates an augmented ordering of the database representing its density-based clustering structure, but it only generates the clusters whose local-density exceeds some threshold instead of similar local-density clusters and doesn't produce a clustering of a data set explicitly. Furthermore the parameters required by almost all the well-known clustering algorithms are hard to determine but have a significant influence on the clustering result. In this paper, a new clustering algorithm LDBSCAN relying on a local-density-based notion of clusters is proposed to solve those problems and, what is more, it is very easy for us to pick the appropriate parameters and takes the advantage of the LOF [Breunig, M. M., et al.,(2000). LOF: Identifying Density-Based Local Outliers. In W. Chen, J. F. Naughton, & P. A. Bernstein (Eds.), Proc. ACM SIGMOD Int. Conf. on Management of Data (pp. 93-104). Dalles, TX: ACM.] to detect the noises comparing with other density-based clustering algorithms. The proposed algorithm has potential applications in business intelligence and enterprise information systems.
A standard ontology for smart spaces

This paper presents a universal ontology for smart environments aiming to overcome the limitations of the existing ontologies. We enrich our ontology by adding new environmental aspects such as the referentiality and environmental change, that can be used to describe domains as well as applications. We show through a case study how our ontology is used and integrated in a self-organising middleware for smart environments.
Effects of sinus membrane elevation on bone formation around implants placed in the maxillary sinus cavity: an experimental study.

OBJECTIVE
The aim of this study was to investigate the amount of augmented bone tissue formed in the maxillary sinus after sinus membrane elevation and the simultaneous insertion of titanium implants without additional grafting material.


STUDY DESIGN
An implant was placed bilaterally in the maxillary sinus of 6 adult female mongrel dogs in such a way that it protruded 4 mm or 8 mm into the maxillary sinus after sinus membrane elevation. The implants were left in place for 6 months.


RESULTS
The mean height of newly formed bone in the sinus was 3.3 mm on the side with the 4 mm protruding implant and 3.2 mm on the side with the 8 mm protruding implant. There was no difference between the 2 sides regarding new bone height in the sinus (P > .05).


CONCLUSIONS
The results indicate that the length of implant protrusion into the sinus cavity after sinus membrane elevation is not related to the height of new bone in the sinus.
Smartphone Apps for Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation Training and Real Incident Support: A Mixed-Methods Evaluation Study

BACKGROUND
No systematic evaluation of smartphone/mobile apps for resuscitation training and real incident support is available to date. To provide medical, usability, and additional quality criteria for the development of apps, we conducted a mixed-methods sequential evaluation combining the perspective of medical experts and end-users.


OBJECTIVE
The study aims to assess the quality of current mobile apps for cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) training and real incident support from expert as well as end-user perspective.


METHODS
Two independent medical experts evaluated the medical content of CPR apps from the Google Play store and the Apple App store. The evaluation was based on pre-defined minimum medical content requirements according to current Basic Life Support (BLS) guidelines. In a second phase, non-medical end-users tested usability and appeal of the apps that had at least met the minimum requirements. Usability was assessed with the System Usability Scale (SUS); appeal was measured with the self-developed ReactionDeck toolkit.


RESULTS
Out of 61 apps, 46 were included in the experts' evaluation. A consolidated list of 13 apps resulted for the following layperson evaluation. The interrater reliability was substantial (kappa=.61). Layperson end-users (n=14) had a high interrater reliability (intraclass correlation 1 [ICC1]=.83, P<.001, 95% CI 0.75-0.882 and ICC2=.79, P<.001, 95% CI 0.695-0.869). Their evaluation resulted in a list of 5 recommendable apps.


CONCLUSIONS
Although several apps for resuscitation training and real incident support are available, very few are designed according to current BLS guidelines and offer an acceptable level of usability and hedonic quality for laypersons. The results of this study are intended to optimize the development of CPR mobile apps. The app ranking supports the informed selection of mobile apps for training situations and CPR campaigns as well as for real incident support.
European ancestry as a risk factor for atrial fibrillation in African Americans.

BACKGROUND
Despite a higher burden of standard atrial fibrillation (AF) risk factors, African Americans have a lower risk of AF than whites. It is unknown whether the higher risk is due to genetic or environmental factors. Because African Americans have varying degrees of European ancestry, we sought to test the hypothesis that European ancestry is an independent risk factor for AF.


METHODS AND RESULTS
We studied whites (n=4543) and African Americans (n=822) in the Cardiovascular Health Study (CHS) and whites (n=10 902) and African Americans (n=3517) in the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) Study (n=3517). Percent European ancestry in African Americans was estimated with 1747 ancestry informative markers from the Illumina custom ITMAT-Broad-CARe array. Among African Americans without baseline AF, 120 of 804 CHS participants and 181 of 3517 ARIC participants developed incident AF. A meta-analysis from the 2 studies revealed that every 10% increase in European ancestry increased the risk of AF by 13% (hazard ratio, 1.13; 95% confidence interval, 1.03 to 1.23; P=0.007). After adjustment for potential confounders, European ancestry remained a predictor of incident AF in each cohort alone, with a combined estimated hazard ratio for each 10% increase in European ancestry of 1.17 (95% confidence interval, 1.07 to 1.29; P=0.001). A second analysis using 3192 ancestry informative markers from a genome-wide Affymetrix 6.0 array in ARIC African Americans yielded similar results.


CONCLUSIONS
European ancestry predicted risk of incident AF. Our study suggests that investigating genetic variants contributing to differential AF risk in individuals of African versus European ancestry will be informative.
Eyewear Computing - Augmenting the Human with Head-mounted Wearable Assistants (Dagstuhl Seminar 16042)

The seminar was composed of workshops and tutorials on head-mounted eye tracking, egocentric vision, optics, and head-mounted displays. The seminar welcomed 30 academic and industry researchers from Europe, the US, and Asia with a diverse background, including wearable and ubiquitous computing, computer vision, developmental psychology, optics, and human-computer interaction. In contrast to several previous Dagstuhl seminars, we used an ignite talk format to reduce the time of talks to one half-day and to leave the rest of the week for hands-on sessions, group work, general discussions, and socialising. The key results of this seminar are 1) the identification of key research challenges and summaries of breakout groups on multimodal eyewear computing, egocentric vision, security and privacy issues, skill augmentation and task guidance, eyewear computing for gaming, as well as prototyping of VR applications, 2) a list of datasets and research tools for eyewear computing, 3) three small-scale datasets recorded during the seminar, 4) an article in ACM Interactions entitled “Eyewear Computers for Human-Computer Interaction”, as well as 5) two follow-up workshops on “Egocentric Perception, Interaction, and Computing” at the European Conference on Computer Vision (ECCV) as well as “Eyewear Computing” at the ACM International Joint Conference on Pervasive and Ubiquitous Computing (UbiComp). Seminar January 24–29, 2016 – http://www.dagstuhl.de/16042 1998 ACM Subject Classification H.5 Information Interfaces and Presentation (e.g., HCI), I.4 Image Processing and Computer Vision, K.4 Computer and Society