LLukas22/scidocs huggingface dataset:
Endovascular therapy for ischemic stroke with perfusion-imaging selection.

BACKGROUND
Trials of endovascular therapy for ischemic stroke have produced variable results. We conducted this study to test whether more advanced imaging selection, recently developed devices, and earlier intervention improve outcomes.


METHODS
We randomly assigned patients with ischemic stroke who were receiving 0.9 mg of alteplase per kilogram of body weight less than 4.5 hours after the onset of ischemic stroke either to undergo endovascular thrombectomy with the Solitaire FR (Flow Restoration) stent retriever or to continue receiving alteplase alone. All the patients had occlusion of the internal carotid or middle cerebral artery and evidence of salvageable brain tissue and ischemic core of less than 70 ml on computed tomographic (CT) perfusion imaging. The coprimary outcomes were reperfusion at 24 hours and early neurologic improvement (≥8-point reduction on the National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale or a score of 0 or 1 at day 3). Secondary outcomes included the functional score on the modified Rankin scale at 90 days.


RESULTS
The trial was stopped early because of efficacy after 70 patients had undergone randomization (35 patients in each group). The percentage of ischemic territory that had undergone reperfusion at 24 hours was greater in the endovascular-therapy group than in the alteplase-only group (median, 100% vs. 37%; P<0.001). Endovascular therapy, initiated at a median of 210 minutes after the onset of stroke, increased early neurologic improvement at 3 days (80% vs. 37%, P=0.002) and improved the functional outcome at 90 days, with more patients achieving functional independence (score of 0 to 2 on the modified Rankin scale, 71% vs. 40%; P=0.01). There were no significant differences in rates of death or symptomatic intracerebral hemorrhage.


CONCLUSIONS
In patients with ischemic stroke with a proximal cerebral arterial occlusion and salvageable tissue on CT perfusion imaging, early thrombectomy with the Solitaire FR stent retriever, as compared with alteplase alone, improved reperfusion, early neurologic recovery, and functional outcome. (Funded by the Australian National Health and Medical Research Council and others; EXTEND-IA ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT01492725, and Australian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry number, ACTRN12611000969965.).
Cytokines and soluble CD14 in breast milk in relation with atopic manifestations in mother and infant (KOALA Study).

BACKGROUND
Conflicting evidence exists concerning the protective role of breastfeeding in allergy and atopic disease aetiology. Breast milk contains biologically active molecules influencing the innate immune system of newborns.


OBJECTIVE
We aim to assess whether cytokines (TGF-beta1, IL-10 and IL-12) and soluble CD14 (sCD14) in breast milk are influenced by maternal atopic constitution and modify the development of atopic manifestations in infants.


METHODS
Milk samples were collected at 1 month post-partum of 315 lactating mothers participating in the ongoing KOALA Birth Cohort Study. The cytokines and sCD14 were analysed by ELISA in the aqueous fraction. We compared the concentrations of cytokines and sCD14 in breast milk between mothers with and without an allergic history and also with and without allergic sensitization (specific IgE). Associations of cytokines and sCD14 with the development of eczema, wheezing in the first 2 years of life and allergic sensitization of infants at the age of 2 years were analysed by multivariate logistic regression analyses to correct for confounders.


RESULTS
We found higher sCD14 levels in mothers with a positive vs. negative allergic history (7.6 vs. 7.0 microg/mL; P = 0.04) and in mothers who were sensitized vs. non-sensitized (7.8 vs. 7.1 microg/mL; P = 0.03). None of the studied immune factors were associated with infant's atopic outcomes. IL-10 was not detected above the detection limit of 0.2 pg/mL.


CONCLUSION
Taking together the results of the present and previous studies, we conclude that there is no convincing evidence for a relation between TGF-beta1, sCD14, IL-10 or IL-12 in breast milk and atopic manifestations in infants.
Comparison of IC conducted emission measurement methods

This paper deals with the electromagnetic emissions of integrated circuits. In particular, four measurement techniques to evaluate integrated circuit conducted emissions are described in detail and they are employed for the measurement of the power supply conducted emission delivered by a simple integrated circuit composed of six synchronous switching drivers. Experimental results obtained by employing such measurement methods are presented and the influence of each test setup on the measured quantities is discussed.
Scalable Game Design: A Strategy to Bring Systemic Computer Science Education to Schools through Game Design and Simulation Creation

An educated citizenry that participates in and contributes to science technology engineering and mathematics innovation in the 21st century will require broad literacy and skills in computer science (CS). School systems will need to give increased attention to opportunities for students to engage in computational thinking and ways to promote a deeper understanding of how technologies and software are used as design tools. However, K-12 students in the United States are facing a broken pipeline for CS education. In response to this problem, we have developed the Scalable Game Design curriculum based on a strategy to integrate CS education into the regular school curriculum. This strategy includes opportunities for students to design and program games and science technology engineering and mathematics simulations. An approach called Computational Thinking Pattern Analysis has been developed to measure and correlate computational thinking skills relevant to game design and simulations. Results from a study with more than 10,000 students demonstrate rapid adoption of this curriculum by teachers from multiple disciplines, high student motivation, high levels of participation by women, and interest regardless of demographic background.
The CIAO (Coronary Interventions Antiplatelet-based Only) Study: a randomized study comparing standard anticoagulation regimen to absence of anticoagulation for elective percutaneous coronary intervention.

OBJECTIVES
We sought to evaluate, in a double-blind, randomized, prospective study, safety and efficacy of elective percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI), with pharmacotherapy consisting of antiplatelet therapy and no anticoagulation therapy.


BACKGROUND
Available guidelines recommend systemic anticoagulation agent use during PCI. Significant debate remains, however, with regard to the correlation between the effects of systemic anticoagulation therapy and ensuing ischemic and hemorrhagic complications.


METHODS
From June 2005 to January 2007, 700 patients undergoing elective PCI of an uncomplicated lesion have been prospectively enrolled in the protocol. Patients should have been on aspirin and thienopyridine therapy and were assigned either to the control arm (70 to 100 UI/kg unfractionated heparin) or to the no-heparin arm. A clinical assessment was obtained before hospital discharge and at 30 days after PCI.


RESULTS
Procedural success was obtained in 100% of the cases. No acute or subacute thrombosis was observed. The absence of anticoagulation therapy was associated with a significant decrease in post-procedural myocardial damage (p = 0.03) and bleeding events (p = 0.048). At 30 days, the primary end point (death, myocardial infarction, or urgent target vessel revascularization) was more frequent in the control arm than in the no-heparin arm (2.0% vs. 3.7%, respectively; absolute risk reduction 1.7% [95% confidence interval: -0.1% to 4.5%], p for superiority = 0.17, p for noninferiority <0.001).


CONCLUSIONS
In the treatment of uncomplicated lesions and in the presence of dual antiplatelet therapy, elective PCI can be safely performed without systemic anticoagulation and is associated with a reduced incidence of bleeding complications.
Neural Body Fitting: Unifying Deep Learning and Model Based Human Pose and Shape Estimation

Direct prediction of 3D body pose and shape parameters remains a challenge even for highly parameterized, deep learning models. The representation of the prediction space is difficult to map to from the plain 2D image space, perspective ambiguities make the loss function noisy and training data is scarce. In this paper, we propose a novel approach (Neural Body Fitting (NBF)) that integrates a statistical body model as a layer within a CNN leveraging both reliable bottom-up body part segmentation and robust top-down body model constraints. NBF is fully differentiable and can be trained end-to-end from both 2D and 3D annotations. In detailed experiments we analyze how the components of our model improve model performance and present a robust, easy to use, end-to-end trainable framework for 3D human pose estimation from single 2D images.
Exploration and confirmation of the latent variable structure of the Jefferson scale of empathy

OBJECTIVE
To reaffirm the underlying components of the JSE by using exploratory factor analysis (EFA), and to confirm its latent variable structure by using confirmatory factor analysis (CFA).


METHODS
Research participants included 2,612 medical students who entered Jefferson Medical College between 2002 and 2012. This sample was divided into two groups: Matriculants between 2002 and 2007 (n=1,380) and be-tween 2008 and 2012 (n=1,232). Data for 2002-2007 matriculants were subjected to EFA (principal component factor extraction), and data for matriculants of 2008-2012 were used for CFA (structural equation modeling, and root mean square error for approximation.


RESULTS
The EFA resulted in three factors: "perspective-taking," "compassionate care" and "walking in patient's shoes" replicating the 3-factor model reported in most of the previous studies. The CFA showed that the 3-factor model was an acceptable fit, thus confirming the latent variable structure emerged in the EFA. Corrected item-total score correlations for the total sample were all positive and statistically significant, ranging from 0.13 to 0.61 with a median of 0.44 (p=0.01). The item discrimination effect size indices (contrasting item mean scores for the top-third versus bottom-third JSE scorers) ranged from 0.50 to 1.4 indicating that the differences in item mean scores between top and bottom scorers on the JSE were of practical importance. Cronbach's alpha coefficient of the JSE for the total sample was 0.80, ranging from 0.75 to 0.84 for matriculatnts of different years.


CONCLUSIONS
Findings provided further support for under-lying constructs of the JSE, adding to its credibility.
Extracorporeal gas exchange for acute respiratory failure in adult patients: a systematic review

This article is one of ten reviews selected from the Annual Update in Intensive Care and Emergency Medicine 2015 and co-published as a series in Critical Care. Other articles in the series can be found online at http://ccforum.com/series/annualupdate2015. Further information about the Annual Update in Intensive Care and Emergency Medicine is available from http://www.springer.com/series/8901.
A Design-Driven Partitioning Algorithm for Distributed Verilog Simulation

Many partitioning algorithms have been proposed for distributed VLSI simulation. Typically, they make use of a gate level netlist, and attempt to achieve a minimal cut size subject to a load balance constraint. The algorithm executes on a hypergraph which represents the netlist. In this paper we propose a design-driven iterative partitioning algorithm for Verilog based on module instances instead of gates. We do this in order to take advantage of the design hierarchy information contained in the modules and their instances. A Verilog instance represents one vertex in the circuit hypergraph. The vertex can be flattened into multiple vertices in the event that a load balance is not achieved by instance based partitioning. In this case the algorithm flattens the largest instance and moves gates between the partitions in order to improve the load balance. Our experiments show that this partitioning algorithm produces a smaller cutsize than is produced by hmetis on a gate-level netlist. It produces better speedup for the simulation because it takes advantage of the design hierarchy.
Self-reported quality of life before and after aerobic exercise training in individuals with hypertension: a randomised-controlled trial.

BACKGROUND
The Effects of Aerobic Exercise Training (AET) on self-reported Quality of Life (QoL) in people with hypertension have been previously documented. However, data on black populations, especially from Africa, seem not to be available. This study investigated the effects of AET on QoL and exercise capacity in Nigerians on treatment for essential hypertension.


METHOD
This randomised-controlled trial involved newly diagnosed individuals, with mild-to-moderate essential hypertension randomly assigned to antihypertensive drugs (ADs) alone (control: n = 60) and AET+ADs (exercise: n = 60) groups. The study lasted for 12 weeks. QoL was measured using the World Health Organization QoL Short Form (WHOQoL-BREF) and exercise capacity was assessed using the Rockport Fitness Walk Test pre- and post-study.


RESULTS
Physical health, psychological health, and social relationships domains of QoL improved significantly in the exercise and control groups post-intervention. The environment domain of QoL and exercise capacity improved significantly in only the exercise group. There were larger improvements in the physical health, psychological health, and environment domains of QoL, and exercise capacity in the exercise group.


CONCLUSION
Aerobic exercise improves QoL and exercise capacity in individuals with essential hypertension.
C-reactive protein as a risk predictor: do race/ethnicity and gender make a difference?

Case presentation: M.A. is a 43-year-old female AfricanAmerican airline pilot with a family history of stroke and insulindependent diabetes who comes to the cardiovascular clinic for a routine yearly physical required by her employer. She is asymptomatic and physically active as the mother of 2 young sons (aged 3 and 8 years). She is concerned about her risk for stroke and a heart attack because of her mother’s death from a stroke at age 55. She also has a 49-year-old brother who was recently hospitalized with heart failure. She has no significant past medical history and takes no medications. M.A. does not smoke, drink alcohol, or use illicit drugs. On physical examination, she has a systolic blood pressure of 160 mm Hg and a diastolic blood pressure of 95 mm Hg bilaterally. Her heart rate is 86, and respirations and oxygen saturation are within normal limits. Her weight is 170 lb and height is 6 ft. The remainder of her physical examination is also within normal limits. Testing performed included a 12lead ECG that demonstrates sinus rhythm at 86 beats per minute and left ventricular hypertrophy and fasting lipid profile that shows a total cholesterol level of 208 mg/dL, LDL cholesterol level of 135 mg/dL, HDL cholesterol level of 52 mg/dL, and triglycerides of 142 mg/dL. Her highsensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) level is 4.5. What advice would you give to M.A. with regard to her concerns about her risk for cardiovascular disease?
Comment on "computational study on the vinyl azide decomposition".

It is quite possible that ketenimine is formed, as predicted by the authors, in a concerted reaction in the thermolysis of vinyl azide with a barrier of ca. 38 kcal/mol. However, the theoretical treatment is inappropriate as regards the potential vinylnitrene intermediate or transition state, since singlereference methods such as DFT or MP2 cannot provide a correct description. It is now well-known that the lowest singlet state of vinylnitrene is in fact the open-shell singlet (OSS). It cannot be treated adequately by DFT methods, as it requires at least two determinants to be described correctly. Thus, multiconfigurational methods are required. Several such calculations have been reported for the parent vinylnitrene, and substituted vinylnitrenes, but references to these publications are missing in the work of Duarte et al. Indeed, CASPT2 calculations on the relationship between 2Hazirine 2, acetonitrile 3, ketenimine 4, and vinylnitrene 5, have shown that the thermal ring opening of 2 to OSS vinylnitrene 5 has an activation barrier of ca. 33 kcal/mol (Scheme 1). The OSS vinylnitrene 5 undergoes a very facile 1,2-H-shift to acetonitrile with a barrier of ca. 6.5 kcal/mol, whereas the corresponding rearrangement to ketenimine would require ca. 33 kcal/mol. Although it can be debated whether the OSS vinylnitrene 5 is a transition state for ring closure to 2H-azirine without a barrier, or an intermediate with a small barrier of 5 kcal/mol, the important point is that it lies some 25 kcal/mol below the CSS nitrene. Thus, the OSS nitrene needs to be considered in thermal and photochemical chemistry of the C2H3N ensemble. ■ AUTHOR INFORMATION Corresponding Author *C. Wentrup: e-mail, wentrup@uq.edu.au. Notes The authors declare no competing financial interest.
Effectiveness of conservative treatments for the lumbosacral radicular syndrome: a systematic review

Patients with a lumbosacral radicular syndrome are mostly treated conservatively first. The effect of the conservative treatments remains controversial. To assess the effectiveness of conservative treatments of the lumbosacral radicular syndrome (sciatica). Relevant electronic databases and the reference lists of articles up to May 2004 were searched. Randomised clinical trials of all types of conservative treatments for patients with the lumbosacral radicular syndrome selected by two reviewers. Two reviewers independently assessed the methodological quality and the clinical relevance. Because the trials were considered heterogeneous we decided not to perform a meta-analysis but to summarise the results using the rating system of levels of evidence. Thirty trials were included that evaluated injections, traction, physical therapy, bed rest, manipulation, medication, and acupuncture as treatment for the lumbosacral radicular syndrome. Because several trials indicated no evidence of an effect it is not recommended to use corticosteroid injections and traction as treatment option. Whether clinicians should prescribe physical therapy, bed rest, manipulation or medication could not be concluded from this review. At present there is no evidence that one type of treatment is clearly superior to others, including no treatment, for patients with a lumbosacral radicular syndrome.
Survey on Access Control and Management Issues in Cloud and BYOD Environment

Bring Your Own Device (BYOD) is growing in popularity. In fact, this inevitable and unstoppable trend poses new security risks and challenges to control and manage corporate networks and data. BYOD may be infected by viruses, spyware or malware that gain access to sensitive data. This unwanted access led to the disclosure of information, modify access policy, disruption of service, loss of productivity, financial issues, and legal implications. This paper provides a review of existing literature concerning the access control and management issues, with a focus on recent trends in the use of BYOD. This article provides an overview of existing research articles which involve access control and management issues, which constitute of the recent rise of usage of BYOD devices. This review explores a broad area concerning information security research, ranging from management to technical solution of access control in BYOD. The main aim for this is to investigate the most recent trends touching on the access control issues in BYOD concerning information security and also to analyze the essential and comprehensive requirements needed to develop an access control framework in the future. Keywords— Bring Your Own Device, BYOD, access control, policy, security.
Survey on low power real-time wireless MAC protocols

Wireless low-power technologies have been the focus of a large research effort, for example, in the wireless sensor network and other short range technologies domains. Although bringing extended autonomy to battery powered stations, such technologies are known to be negatively influenced by similar technologies contending for the medium and, especially, by technologies using higher power transmissions over the same frequency bands. A frequency band that is becoming increasingly crowded with competing technologies is the 2.4 GHz Industrial, Scientific and Medical band, encompassing, for example, Bluetooth and ZigBee, two low-power communication standards which are the base of several real-time protocols. Although these technologies employ mechanisms to improve their coexistence, they are still vulnerable to transmissions from uncoordinated stations with similar technologies or to higher power technologies such as WiFi, which hinders the support of wireless dependable real-time communications in open environments. Therefore, this survey presents a comprehensive study of the most commonly used wireless low-power technologies operating in the 2.4 GHz Industrial, Scientific and Medical (ISM) band and real-time protocols built upon them. The survey of the real-time protocols using these technologies is focused on factory automation applications, due to their more demanding timeliness and reliability requirements.
The sociology of art : ways of seeing

PART 1: THEORY PAST, PRESENT AND FUTURE What is the 'Sociology of Art'? D.Inglis and J.Hughson When Does Art Become Art? Assessing Pierre Bourdieu's Theory of Artistic Fields J.Jane Feminist Art and Feminist Sociology: New Departures A.Howson A New Paradigm for a Sociology of Aesthetics R.Witkin Invisible Aesthetics and the Social Work of Community Culture P.Willis Cultural Studies and the Sociology of Culture J.Wolff The Sociology of Art: Cynical or Celebratory? D. Inglis PART 2: FROM THEORY TO PRACTICE: CASE STUDIES IN THE SOCIOLOGY OF ART Framing Old Age: Sociological Perspectives on the Art of the Past M.Hepworth The Rise and Fall of the Art House Movie A.Tudor Opera, Modernity and Cultural Fields A.Swingewood 'World Music' and the Globalisation of Sound R.Robertson and D.Inglis 'High Arts' and the Market: An Uneasy Partnership in the Transnational World of Ballet H.Wulff Reconstructing the Centre: Sociological Approaches to the Rebuilding of Berlin J.Stewart