LLukas22/scidocs huggingface dataset:
Residues Clustered in the Light-Sensing Knot of Phytochrome B are Necessary for Conformer-Specific Binding to Signaling Partner PIF3

The bHLH transcription factor, Phytochrome Interacting Factor 3 (PIF3), interacts specifically with the photoactivated, Pfr, form of Arabidopsis phytochrome B (phyB). This interaction induces PIF3 phosphorylation and degradation in vivo and modulates phyB-mediated seedling deetiolation in response to red light. To identify missense mutations in the phyB N-terminal domain that disrupt this interaction, we developed a yeast reverse-hybrid screen. Fifteen individual mutations identified in this screen, or in previous genetic screens for Arabidopsis mutants showing reduced sensitivity to red light, were shown to also disrupt light-induced binding of phyB to PIF3 in in vitro co-immunoprecipitation assays. These phyB missense mutants fall into two general classes: Class I (eleven mutants) containing those defective in light signal perception, due to aberrant chromophore attachment or photoconversion, and Class II (four mutants) containing those normal in signal perception, but defective in the capacity to transduce this signal to PIF3. By generating a homology model for the three-dimensional structure of the Arabidopsis phyB chromophore-binding region, based on the crystal structure of Deinococcus radiodurans phytochrome, we predict that three of the four Class II mutated phyB residues are solvent exposed in a cleft between the presumptive PAS and GAF domains. This deduction suggests that these residues could be directly required for the physical interaction of phyB with PIF3. Because these three residues are also necessary for phyB-imposed inhibition of hypocotyl elongation in response to red light, they are functionally necessary for signal transfer from photoactivated phyB, not only to PIF3 and other related bHLH transcription factors tested here, but also to other downstream signaling components involved in regulating seedling deetiolation.
OCR++: A Robust Framework For Information Extraction from Scholarly Articles

This paper proposes OCR++, an open-source framework designed for a variety of information extraction tasks from scholarly articles including metadata (title, author names, affiliation and e-mail), structure (section headings and body text, table and figure headings, URLs and footnotes) and bibliography (citation instances and references). We analyze a diverse set of scientific articles written in English language to understand generic writing patterns and formulate rules to develop this hybrid framework. Extensive evaluations show that the proposed framework outperforms the existing state-of-the-art tools with huge margin in structural information extraction along with improved performance in metadata and bibliography extraction tasks, both in terms of accuracy (around 50% improvement) and processing time (around 52% improvement). A user experience study conducted with the help of 30 researchers reveals that the researchers found this system to be very helpful. As an additional objective, we discuss two novel use cases including automatically extracting links to public datasets from the proceedings, which would further accelerate the advancement in digital libraries. The result of the framework can be exported as a whole into structured TEI-encoded documents. Our framework is accessible online at http://cnergres.iitkgp.ac.in/OCR++/home/.
LARGE MAMMALS ARE GENETICALLY LESS VARIABLE?

JAIN, S. K. 1976. The evolution of inbreeding in plants. Ann. Rev. Ecol, Syst. 7:469-495. LLOYD, D. G. 1979. Some reproductive factors affecting the selection of self-fertilization in plants. Amer. Natur, 113:67-69. SCHEMSKE, D. W. 1983. Breeding system and habitat effects on fitness components in three neotropical Costus (Zingiberaceae). Evolution 37: 523-539. SCHOEN, D. J. 1983. Relative fitness ofselfed and outcrossed progeny in Gilia achllleifolia (Polemoniaceae). Evolution 37:292-301. SCHOEN, D. J., AND D. G. LLOYD. 1985. The selection of cleistogamy and heteromorphic diaspores. Bioi. J. Linn. Soc. In press. STEBBINS, G. L. 1950. Variation and Evolution in Plants. Columbia Univ. Press, N.Y.
A curved-beam bistable mechanism

This paper presents a monolithic mechanically-bistable mechanism that does not rely on residual stress for its bistability. The typical implementation of this mechanism is two curved centrally-clamped parallel beams, hereafter referred to as "double curved beams". Modal analysis and finite element analysis (FEA) simulation of the curved beam are used to predict, explain, and design its bistable behavior. Microscale double curved beams are fabricated by deep-reactive ion etching (DRIE) and their test results agree well with the analytic predictions. Approaches to tailor the bistable behavior of the curved beams are also presented.
Neuroendocrinology of coping styles: Towards understanding the biology of individual variation

Individual variation in behavior and physiology is a widespread and ecologically functional phenomenon in nature in virtually all vertebrate species. Due to domestication of laboratory animals, studies may suffer from a strong selection bias. This paper summarizes behavioral, neuroendocrine and neurobiological studies using the natural individual variation in rats and mice. Individual behavioral characteristics appear to be consistent over time and across situations. The individual variation has at least two dimensions in which the quality of the response to a challenging condition (coping style) is independent from the quantity of that response (stress reactivity). The neurobiology reveals important differences in the homeostatic control of the serotonergic neuron and the neuropeptides vasopressin and oxytocin in relation to coping style. It is argued that a careful exploitation of the broad natural and biologically functional individual variation in behavior and physiology may help in developing better animal models for understanding individual disease vulnerability.
Gami fi cation and Mobile Marketing Effectiveness

A variety of business sectors have been buffeted by the diffusion of mobile technology, a trend that presents a variety of difficult challenges but interesting opportunities to marketers. One such opportunity is gamification, which, one hopes, will enhance appeal to mobile consumers. Our sense from both personal experience and the literature is that the gamified mobile apps currently offered by firms mostly miss the mark. We provide a systematic overview of game design and note how principles derived from that field are highly applicable to gamification in mobile marketing settings. We are aided by the work of Schell (2008), whose Elemental Game Tetrad Model allows us to offer a coherent look at how gamification should affect mobile marketing outcomes. © 2016 Direct Marketing Educational Foundation, Inc., dba Marketing EDGE. All rights reserved.
Automating Feature Engineering

Feature Engineering is the task of transforming the feature space in a given learning problem to improve the performance of a trained model. It is a crucial but timeintensive and skillful process, involving a data scientist or a domain expert. It is often the key determinant of the time and cost required to build an effective learner. In this paper, we discuss our system for performing feature engineering in an automated manner using a combination of exploratory and learning techniques. We also mention our larger charter of an automated data science pipeline.
Effects of Rosuvastatin and Atorvastatin on LDL and HDL Particle Concentrations in Patients With Metabolic Syndrome

OBJECTIVE
The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of statin therapy on lipoprotein particle concentrations in patients with the metabolic syndrome. Changes in lipoprotein particle concentration may predict the risk of coronary heart disease more accurately than lipoprotein cholesterol levels.


RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS
Patients with dyslipidemia and the metabolic syndrome (n = 318) were randomly assigned in a double-blind study comparing 10 mg rosuvastatin (RSV), 10 mg atorvastatin, or placebo daily for 6 weeks. From weeks 6 to 12, patients in the RSV and placebo groups received 20 mg RSV, whereas the ATV group increased their dose to 20 mg daily. Lipoprotein particle concentrations were measured by nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, LDL cholesterol was measured by beta-quantification, and other lipoproteins were measured by standard methods at baseline, 6 weeks, and 12 weeks. Lipoprotein levels were compared by analysis of covariance.


RESULTS
Statins reduced LDL particle concentration less than LDL cholesterol (-30 to -38 vs. -38 to -51%). Reductions were greater with RSV than with ATV (P < 0.05 for LDL particle concentration and P < 0.001 for LDL cholesterol). Most patients attained LDL cholesterol <2.59 mmol/l (100 mg/dl) at 12 weeks (80% with RSV and 59% with ATV; P = 0.003), but only 27% of patients receiving RSV and 19% receiving ATV attained the goal of LDL particle concentration <1,000 nmol/l (P = 0.07).


CONCLUSIONS
In patients with the metabolic syndrome, statin-induced changes in LDL cholesterol do not accurately reflect changes in LDL particle concentration. Consequently, despite attainment of LDL cholesterol goals, these patients may retain considerable residual coronary heart disease risk.
Cyberentity Security in the Internet of Things

A proposed Internet of Things system architecture offers a solution to the broad array of challenges researchers face in terms of general system security, network security, and application security.
A Review Corpus for Argumentation Analysis

The analysis of user reviews has become critical in research and industry, as user reviews increasingly impact the reputation of products and services. Many review texts comprise an involved argumentation with facts and opinions on different product features or aspects. Therefore, classifying sentiment polarity does not suffice to capture a review’s impact. We claim that an argumentation analysis is needed, including opinion summarization, sentiment score prediction, and others. Since existing language resources to drive such research are missing, we have designed the ArguAna TripAdvisor corpus, which compiles 2,100 manually annotated hotel reviews balanced with respect to the reviews’ sentiment scores. Each review text is segmented into facts, positive, and negative opinions, while all hotel aspects and amenities are marked. In this paper, we present the design and a first study of the corpus. We reveal patterns of local sentiment that correlate with sentiment scores, thereby defining a promising starting point for an effective argumentation analysis.
Gauge Theory and Langlands Duality

In the late 1960s Robert Langlands launched what has become known as the Langlands Program with the ambitious goal of relating deep questions in Number Theory to Harmonic Analysis [L]. In particular, Langlands conjectured that Galois representations and motives can be described in terms of the more tangible data of automorphic representations. A striking application of this general principle is the celebrated Shimura–Taniyama–Weil conjecture (which implies Fermat’s Last Theorem), proved by A. Wiles and others, which says that information about Galois representations associated to elliptic curves over Q is encoded in the Fourier expansion of certain modular forms on the upper-half plane. One of the most fascinating and mysterious aspects of the Langlands Program is the appearance of the Langlands dual group. Given a reductive algebraic group G, one constructs its Langlands dual G by applying an involution to its root data. Under the Langlands correspondence, automorphic representations of the group G correspond to Galois representations with values in G. Surprisingly, the Langlands dual group also appears in Quantum Physics in what looks like an entirely different context; namely, the electro-magnetic duality. Looking at the Maxwell equations describing the classical electromagnetism, one quickly notices that they are invariant under the exchange of the electric and magnetic fields. It is natural to ask whether this duality exists at the quantum level. In quantum theory there is an important parameter, the electric charge e. Physicists have speculated that there is an electro-magnetic duality in the quantum theory under which e ←→ 1/e. Under this duality the electrically charged particle should be exchanged with a magnetically charged particle, called magnetic monopole, first theorized by P. Dirac (so far, it has not been discovered experimentally). In modern terms, Maxwell theory is an example of 4D gauge theory (or Yang–Mills theory) which is defined, classically, on the space of connections on various Gc-bundles
Этимология и содержание понятия «Легальное народничество»

in this article the author investigates and analyses the origin and content of the notion «legal populism» and different approaches to its definition. Personal stuff of legal populist is prеcised. Different points of view of scientists on the theme are analyzed.
Benefits of having friends in older ages: differential effects of informal social activities on well-being in middle-aged and older adults.

OBJECTIVES
It has been considered a fact that informal social activities promote well-being in old age, irrespective of whether they are performed with friends or family members. Fundamental differences in the relationship quality between family members (obligatory) and friends (voluntary), however, suggest differential effects on well-being. Further, age-related changes in networks suggest age-differential effects of social activities on well-being, as older adults cease emotionally detrimental relationships.


METHOD
Longitudinal representative national survey study with middle-aged (n = 2,830) and older adults (n = 2,032). Age-differential effects of activities with family members and friends on changes in life satisfaction, positive affect (PA), and negative affect (NA) were examined in latent change score models.


RESULTS
In the middle-aged group, activities with friends and families increased PA and life satisfaction and were unrelated to NA. In the older age group, family activities increased both PA and NA and were unrelated to changes in life satisfaction, but activities with friends increased PA and life satisfaction and decreased NA.


DISCUSSION
Social activities differentially affect different facets of well-being. These associations change with age. In older adults, the effects of social activities with friends may become more important and may act as a buffer against negative effects of aging.
Software Testing Techniques and Strategies

This paper describes Software testing, need for software testing, Software testing goals and principles. Further it describe about different Software testing techniques and different software testing strategies. Finally it describes the difference between software testing and debugging. Keywords— Debugging, Software Testing Goals, Software Testing principles, Software Testing Techniques, Software Testing strategies
The experience of maternity care for migrant women living with female genital mutilation: A qualitative synthesis.

BACKGROUND
Increasing numbers of childbearing women with a history of female genital mutilation (FGM) are accessing maternity services in high-income countries across the world. For many of these women, their first contact with the health services in their host country is when they are pregnant. While the clinical consequences of certain categories of FGM are well documented, how high-risk maternity services - designed to mitigate the obstetric consequences of FGM - impact upon women's experience of childbearing is less clear.


METHODS
Using a meta-synthesis approach, this paper synthesizes 12 qualitative research papers, conducted in 5 high-income countries, to explore how migrant women with a history of FGM experience maternity care in their host countries.


RESULTS
One over-arching theme and four discrete subthemes of migrant women's experience of the maternity services in their host country were identified: feelings of alienation; fatalism and divine providence, positive and negative feelings about maternity care, different understandings of the birthing process, and feelings about FGM.


CONCLUSIONS
The findings illustrate that migrant women with a history of FGM frequently encounter negative attitudes when accessing the maternity services in their host countries. Women's experiences suggest a concerning absence of sensitive and empathetic care; a more woman-centered approach is recommended.
Supply chain management : theory , practice and future challenges

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to critically assess current developments in the theory and practice of supply management and through such an assessment to identify barriers, possibilities and key trends. Design/methodology/approach – The paper is based on a three-year detailed study of six supply chains which encompassed 72 companies in Europe. The focal firms in each instance were sophisticated, blue-chip corporations operating on an international scale. Managers across at least four echelons of the supply chain were interviewed and the supply chains were traced and observed. Findings – The paper reveals that supply management is, at best, still emergent in terms of both theory and practice. Few practitioners were able – or even seriously aspired – to extend their reach across the supply chain in the manner prescribed in much modern theory. The paper identifies the range of key barriers and enablers to supply management and it concludes with an assessment of the main trends. Research limitations/implications – The research presents a number of challenges to existing thinking about supply strategy and supply chain management. It reveals the substantial gaps between theory and practice. A number of trends are identified which it is argued may work in favour of better prospects for SCM in the future and for the future of supply management as a discipline. Practical implications – A central challenge concerns who could or should manage the supply chain. Barriers to effective supply management are identified and some practical steps to surmount them are suggested. Originality/value – The paper is original in the way in which it draws on an extensive systematic study to critically assess current theory and current developments. The paper points the way for theorists and practitioners to meet future challenges.
Acetaminophen for altering body temperature in acute stroke: a randomized clinical trial.

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE
Mild alterations in temperature have prominent effects on ischemic cell injury and stroke outcome. Elevated core body temperature (CBT), even if mild, may exacerbate neuronal injury and worsen outcome, whereas hypothermia is potentially neuroprotective. The antipyretic effects of acetaminophen were hypothesized to reduce CBT.


METHODS
This was a randomized, controlled clinical trial at 2 university hospitals. Patients were included if they had stroke within 24 hours of onset of symptoms, National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) score > or =5, initial CBT <3 8.5 degrees C, and white blood cell count < 12 600 cells/mm(3); they were excluded if they had signs of infection, severe medical illness, or contraindication to acetaminophen. CBT was measured every 30 minutes. Patients were randomized to receive acetaminophen 650 mg or placebo every 4 hours for 24 hours. The primary outcome measure was mean CBT during the 24-hour study period; the secondary outcome measure was the change in NIHSS.


RESULTS
Thirty-nine patients were randomized. Baseline CBT was the same: 36.96 degrees C for acetaminophen versus 36.95 degrees C for placebo (P=0.96). During the study period, CBT tended to be lower in the acetaminophen group (37.13 degrees C versus 37.35 degrees C), a difference of 0.22 degrees C (95% CI, -0.08 degrees C to 0.51 degrees C; P=0.14). Patients given acetaminophen tended to be more often hypothermic <36.5 degrees C (OR, 3.4; 95% CI, 0.83 to 14.2; P=0.09) and less often hyperthermic >37.5 degrees C (OR, 0.52; 95% CI, 0.19 to 1.44; P=0.22). The change in NIHSS scores from baseline to 48 hours did not differ between the groups (P=0.93).


CONCLUSIONS
Early administration of acetaminophen (3900 mg/d) to afebrile patients with acute stroke may result in a small reduction in CBT. Acetaminophen may also modestly promote hypothermia <36.5 degrees C or prevent hyperthermia >37.5 degrees C. These effects are unlikely to have robust clinical impact, and alternative or additional methods are needed to achieve effective thermoregulation in stroke patients.
Effects of gender and dementia severity on Alzheimer’s disease caregivers’ sleep and biomarkers of coagulation and inflammation

BACKGROUND
Being a caregiver for a spouse with Alzheimer's disease is associated with increased risk for cardiovascular illness, particularly for males. This study examined the effects of caregiver gender and severity of the spouse's dementia on sleep, coagulation, and inflammation in the caregiver.


METHODS
Eighty-one male and female spousal caregivers and 41 non-caregivers participated (mean age of all participants 70.2 years). Full-night polysomnography (PSG) was recorded in each participants home. Severity of the Alzheimer's disease patient's dementia was determined by the Clinical Dementia Rating (CDR) scale. The Role Overload scale was completed as an assessment of caregiving stress. Blood was drawn to assess circulating levels of D-dimer and Interleukin-6 (IL-6).


RESULTS
Male caregivers who were caring for a spouse with moderate to severe dementia spent significantly more time awake after sleep onset than female caregivers caring for spouses with moderate to severe dementia (p=.011), who spent a similar amount of time awake after sleep onset to caregivers of low dementia spouses and to non-caregivers. Similarly, male caregivers caring for spouses with worse dementia had significantly higher circulating levels of D-dimer (p=.034) than females caring for spouses with worse dementia. In multiple regression analysis (adjusted R(2)=.270, p<.001), elevated D-dimer levels were predicted by a combination of the CDR rating of the patient (p=.047) as well as greater time awake after sleep onset (p=.046).


DISCUSSION
The findings suggest that males caring for spouses with more severe dementia experience more disturbed sleep and have greater coagulation, the latter being associated with the disturbed sleep. These findings may provide insight into why male caregivers of spouses with Alzheimer's disease are at increased risk for illness, particularly cardiovascular disease.