LLukas22/scidocs huggingface dataset:
Group-based exercise and cognitive-physical training in older adults with self-reported cognitive complaints: The Multiple-Modality, Mind-Motor (M4) study protocol

BACKGROUND
Dementia is associated with cognitive and functional deficits, and poses a significant personal, societal, and economic burden. Directing interventions towards older adults with self-reported cognitive complaints may provide the greatest impact on dementia incidence and prevalence. Risk factors for cognitive and functional deficits are multifactorial in nature; many are cardiovascular disease risk factors and are lifestyle-mediated. Evidence suggests that multiple-modality exercise programs can provide cognitive and functional benefits that extend beyond what can be achieved from cognitive, aerobic, or resistance training alone, and preliminary evidence suggests that novel mind-motor interventions (i.e., Square Stepping Exercise; SSE) can benefit cognition and functional fitness. Nevertheless, it remains unclear whether multiple-modality exercise combined with mind-motor interventions can benefit diverse cognitive and functional outcomes in older adults with cognitive complaints.


METHODS/DESIGN
The Multiple-Modality, Mind-Motor (M4) study is a randomized controlled trial investigating the cognitive and functional impact of combined physical and cognitive training among community-dwelling adults with self-reported cognitive complaints who are 55 years of age or older. Participants are randomized to a Multiple-Modality and Mind-Motor (M4) intervention group or a Multiple-Modality (M2) comparison group. Participants exercise for 60 minutes/day, 3-days/week for 24 weeks and are assessed at baseline, 24 weeks and 52 weeks. The primary outcome is global cognitive function at 24 weeks, derived from the Cambridge Brain Sciences computerized cognitive battery. Secondary outcomes are: i) global cognitive function at 52 weeks; ii) domain-specific cognitive function at 24 and 52 weeks; iii) mobility (gait characteristics under single and dual-task conditions and balance); and 3) vascular health (blood pressure and carotid arterial measurements). We will analyze data based on an intent-to-treat approach, using mixed models for repeated measurements.


DISCUSSION
The design features of the M4 trial and the methods included to address previous limitations within cognitive and exercise research will be discussed. Results from the M4 trial will provide evidence of combined multiple-modality and cognitive training among older adults with self-reported cognitive complaints on cognitive, mobility-related and vascular outcomes.


TRIAL REGISTRATION
ClinicalTrials.gov NCT02136368.
Symptoms In Bangladeshi Patients with Incurable Cancers: Implications for Interventions

Aims
The poor state of palliative care in low- and middle-income countries has been termed a global crisis by the Lancet Commission on Palliative Care. The investigators previously reported on a cross-sectional study of symptoms in 640 Bangladeshi adults with incurable cancers. Usual levels of pain were high. The not-reported details of pain and other symptoms offered an opportunity to consider explanations and implications for interventions to lessen these symptoms.


Methods
At one visit, 640 Bangladeshi patients completed a symptom questionnaire. The distributions of 12 symptom level scores and the correlations between pain and different symptom scores were determined.


Results
The population had significantly high and functionally compromising average usual pain scores, but low percentages of patients with very high and low pain scores. The distributions of scores for multiple symptoms were all skewed to higher mid-scale levels and modestly high (≥0.6) correlations of pain with nausea, anxiety, lack of appetite, constipation, and sleep quality were seen.


Conclusions
While the types and direct effects of the cancers, the young age distribution, and the true symptomatic status of this Bangladeshi population studied may explain the described characteristics, the observations deserve exploration of other causes with specific therapeutic implications. These patients appear to have been partially treated for pain, and in particular, environmental factors such as extreme heat and its consequences appear more likely causes of moderate levels of multiple symptoms, which collectively magnified patients' suffering. Greater attention to gastrointestinal symptoms and sleep disturbance, in particular, seems indicated.
Combinatorial Partial Monitoring Game with Linear Feedback and Its Applications

In online learning, a player chooses actions to play and receives reward and feedback from the environment with the goal of maximizing her reward over time. In this paper, we propose the model of combinatorial partial monitoring games with linear feedback, a model which simultaneously addresses limited feedback, infinite outcome space of the environment and exponentially large action space of the player. We present the Global Confidence Bound (GCB) algorithm, which integrates ideas from both combinatorial multi-armed bandits and finite partial monitoring games to handle all the above issues. GCB only requires feedback on a small set of actions and achieves O(T 2 3 log T ) distribution-independent regret and O(log T ) distribution-dependent regret (the latter assuming unique optimal action), where T is the total time steps played. Moreover, the regret bounds only depend linearly on log |X | rather than |X |, where X is the action space. GCB isolates offline optimization tasks from online learning and avoids explicit enumeration of all actions in the online learning part. We demonstrate that our model and algorithm can be applied to a crowdsourcing application leading to both an efficient learning algorithm and low regret, and argue that they can be applied to a wide range of combinatorial applications constrained with limited feedback. * The work was done while the author was an intern at Microsoft Research. Proceedings of the 31 International Conference on Machine Learning, Beijing, China, 2014. JMLR: W&CP volume 32. Copyright 2014 by the author(s).
Composite Right/Left-Handed Substrate Integrated Waveguide and Half Mode Substrate Integrated Waveguide Leaky-Wave Structures

Composite right/left-handed (CRLH) substrate integrated waveguide (SIW) and half mode substrate integrated waveguide (HMSIW) leaky-wave structures for antenna applications are proposed and investigated. Their propagation properties and radiation characteristics are studied extensively. Their backfire-to-endfire beam-steering capabilities through frequency scanning are demonstrated and discussed. These metamaterial radiating structures are realized by etching interdigital slots on the waveguide surface and the ground. The slot behaves as a series capacitor as well as a radiator leading to a CRLH leaky-wave application. Four antennas are fabricated, measured, and analyzed, including two balanced CRLH SIW designs characterized by single-side or double-side radiation, and two unbalanced HMSIW designs characterized by different boundary conditions. Antenna parameters such as return loss, radiation patterns, gain, and efficiency are all provided. Measured results are consistent with the simulation. All these proposed antennas possess the advantages of low profile, low cost, and low weight, while they are also showing their own unique features, like high directivity, quasi-omnidirectional radiation, miniaturized size, continuous beam-steering capabilities covering both the backward and forward quadrants, etc., providing much design flexibility for the real applications.
Perverse Desire and the Postmodern Lesbian

The Practice Of Love: lesbian sexuality and perverse desire TERESA DE LAURETIS, 1994 Bloomington: Indiana University Press The Lesbian Postmodern LAURA DOAN (Ed.), 1994 New York: Columbia University Press
A Reading Comprehension Style Question Answering Model Based On Attention Mechanism

In recent years, research on reading-compr question and answering has drawn intense attention in Language Processing. However, it is still a key issue to the high-level semantic vector representation of quest paragraph. Drawing inspiration from DrQA [1], wh question and answering system proposed by Facebook, tl proposes an attention-based question and answering 11 adds the binary representation of the paragraph, the par; attention to the question, and the question's attentioi paragraph. Meanwhile, a self-attention calculation m proposed to enhance the question semantic vector reption. Besides, it uses a multi-layer bidirectional Lon: Term Memory(BiLSTM) networks to calculate the h semantic vector representations of paragraphs and q Finally, bilinear functions are used to calculate the pr of the answer's position in the paragraph. The expe results on the Stanford Question Answering Dataset(SQl development set show that the F1 score is 80.1% and tl 71.4%, which demonstrates that the performance of the is better than that of the model of DrQA, since they inc 2% and 1.3% respectively.
Impact of distraction on the driving performance of adolescents with and without attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder.

IMPORTANCE
This study extends the literature regarding attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD)-related driving impairments to a newly licensed, adolescent population.


OBJECTIVE
To investigate the combined risks of adolescence, ADHD, and distracted driving (cell phone conversation and text messaging) on driving performance.


DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS
Adolescents aged 16 to 17 years with (n = 28) and without (n = 33) ADHD engaged in a simulated drive under 3 conditions (no distraction, cell phone conversation, and texting). During each condition, one unexpected event (eg, another car suddenly merging into driver's lane) was introduced.


INTERVENTIONS
Cell phone conversation, texting, and no distraction while driving.


MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES
Self-report of driving history, average speed, standard deviation of speed, standard deviation of lateral position, and braking reaction time during driving simulation.


RESULTS
Adolescents with ADHD reported fewer months of driving experience and a higher proportion of driving violations than control subjects. After controlling for months of driving history, adolescents with ADHD demonstrated more variability in speed and lane position than control subjects. There were no group differences for braking reaction time. Furthermore, texting negatively impacted the driving performance of all participants as evidenced by increased variability in speed and lane position.


CONCLUSIONS
To our knowledge, this study is one of the first to investigate distracted driving in adolescents with ADHD and adds to a growing body of literature documenting that individuals with ADHD are at increased risk for negative driving outcomes. Furthermore, texting significantly impairs the driving performance of all adolescents and increases existing driving-related impairment in adolescents with ADHD, highlighting the need for education and enforcement of regulations against texting for this age group.
Death following traumatic brain injury in Drosophila is associated with intestinal barrier dysfunction

Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a major cause of death and disability worldwide. Unfavorable TBI outcomes result from primary mechanical injuries to the brain and ensuing secondary non-mechanical injuries that are not limited to the brain. Our genome-wide association study of Drosophila melanogaster revealed that the probability of death following TBI is associated with single nucleotide polymorphisms in genes involved in tissue barrier function and glucose homeostasis. We found that TBI causes intestinal and blood-brain barrier dysfunction and that intestinal barrier dysfunction is highly correlated with the probability of death. Furthermore, we found that ingestion of glucose after a primary injury increases the probability of death through a secondary injury mechanism that exacerbates intestinal barrier dysfunction. Our results indicate that natural variation in the probability of death following TBI is due in part to genetic differences that affect intestinal barrier dysfunction.
Optimal Decentralized Voltage Control for Distribution Systems With Inverter-Based Distributed Generators

The increasing penetration of distributed generation (DG) power plants into distribution networks (DNs) causes various issues concerning, e.g., stability, protection equipment, and voltage regulation. Thus, the necessity to develop proper control techniques to allow power delivery to customers in compliance with power quality and reliability standards (PQR) has become a relevant issue in recent years. This paper proposes an optimized distributed control approach based on DN sensitivity analysis and on decentralized reactive/active power regulation capable of maintaining voltage levels within regulatory limits and to offer ancillary services to the DN, such as voltage regulation. At the same time, it tries to minimize DN active power losses and the reactive power exchanged with the DN by the DG units. The validation of the proposed control technique has been conducted through a several number of simulations on a real MV Italian distribution system.
Plasma concentrations of fluticasone propionate and budesonide following inhalation from dry powder inhalers by healthy and asthmatic subjects.

BACKGROUND
All currently available inhaled corticosteroids reach the systemic circulation and have the potential to produce adverse effects with long term use. This risk is often assessed by measuring the effect of different inhaled corticosteroids on the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis in healthy subjects. Absorption of fluticasone propionate and its effects on the HPA axis are greater in healthy subjects than in subjects with moderately severe asthma, but we have failed to show any difference in morning budesonide plasma levels or systemic effects between healthy and asthmatic subjects following inhalation of budesonide. To provide more information on the absorption of fluticasone propionate and budesonide, we have compared the plasma levels of both drugs over 8 hours in healthy and asthmatic subjects.


METHODS
The area under the plasma concentration-time curves (AUC) and the maximum concentration (Cmax) of fluticasone propionate and budesonide after a single inhaled dose of each drug were compared in 12 healthy control subjects and 12 subjects with moderately severe asthma.


RESULTS
Peak plasma levels of budesonide occurred much earlier and were approximately 20-fold higher than those of fluticasone propionate in both healthy and asthmatic subjects. The AUC and Cmax for fluticasone propionate were lower by 307 (95% CI 62 to 522) pg/ml/h or 43% (p=0.02) and 52 (95% CI -11 to 115) pg/ml or 39% (p=0.1) in subjects with asthma compared with healthy control subjects. In contrast, the AUC and Cmax for budesonide were almost identical between the two groups (mean differences 826 (95% CI -1493 to 3143) pg/ml/h (p=0.5) and 157 (95% CI -1026 to 1339) pg/ml (p=0.8).


CONCLUSIONS
Following inhalation, healthy subjects have higher plasma levels of fluticasone propionate than subjects with asthma whereas budesonide plasma levels are similar in the two groups of subjects. Comparing the systemic effects of budesonide and fluticasone propionate in healthy subjects is unlikely to be relevant to subjects with asthma.
Flow Maldistribution in a Simplified Plate Heat Exchanger Model - A Numerical Study

− The performance of a plate heat exchanger (PHE) is severely influenced by non-uniform distribution of flow among its channels. Not only the PHEs, but many other process equipment needs uniform flow distribution for their optimum performance. Flow maldistribution (non-uniform distribution) is a common design problem which always puzzles process equipment designers. Being important design parameters, it has been investigated by several researchers and case based solution has been proposed and documented. Present numerical work is intended to target this aspect of the problem of PHEs but starts with a general investigation with simple multichannel geometry. The numerical setup consists of two headers having multiple channels for Uand Zturn flow configuration under multichannel geometry and a simplified PHE for plate heat exchanger simulation. The problem has been investigated from hydrodynamic and thermodynamic view point. For hydrodynamic study, flow has been varied for Reynolds number 120 to 17600. It has been found that channel flow goes on reducing along downstream side. In thermal study the effect of wall temperature on air flow mal distribution has been investigated. Numerical results have been validated with the experimental results. Investigation reveals new features of flow mal-distribution which is helpful in better understanding of associated mal-distribution physics. KeywordsFlow maldistribution, Multi-Channels, U and Zturn flow, Reynolds number, Plate type heat exchanger.
Emerging scientific applications in data mining

Automated, scalable systems would reveal and help exploit the deeper meanings in scientific data, especially in biomedical engineering, telecommunications, geospatial exploration, and climate and Earth ecosystem modeling.
Impact of Improved Agricultural Technology Adoption on Sustainable Rice Productivity and Rural Farmers ’ Welfare in Nigeria : A Local Average Treatment Effect ( LATE ) Technique

This study examined the impact of improved rice varieties adoption on rice productivity and farming households’ welfare in Nigeria using a cross sectional data of 481 rice farmers drawn from three states to represent the major rice producing ecologies (Irrigated, upland and lowland) in Nigeria. Access to seed was found to be one of the significant determinants of adoption. Poverty incidence was also higher among the non-adopters than the adopters. This study also adopted the counterfactual outcomes framework of modern evaluation theory to provide a consistent estimate of the impact. Specifically, the LATE which uses the system of instrumental variable method was adopted to assess the impact of improved rice varieties adoption on rice productivity and total household expenditure (Proxy for welfare). The results showed a significant positive impact of on rice productivity (358.89kg/ha) and total households’ expenditure ( N32890.82) This suggests that adoption of improved rice varieties significantly generate an improvement in farming household living standard. Hence, efforts should be intensified to ensure farmers have access to adequate quality improved rice seed at the right time. All programs, strategies and policies that could lead to increase in improved rice adoption should be intensified in order to achieve the much desired poverty reduction and generate an improvement in rural farming households’ welfare in Nigeria. 1 Corresponding Author PhD Student, Department of Agricultural Economics, University of Ibadan, Nigeria E-mail: bawotide@yahoo.com Telephone: +234-8132676208
Multipath Issues in Unicast and Multicast Next-Hop Selection

Status of this Memo This memo provides information for the Internet community. It does not specify an Internet standard of any kind. Distribution of this memo is unlimited. Abstract Various routing protocols, including Open Shortest Path First (OSPF) and Intermediate System to Intermediate System (ISIS), explicitly allow "Equal-Cost Multipath" (ECMP) routing. Some router implementations also allow equal-cost multipath usage with RIP and other routing protocols. The effect of multipath routing on a forwarder is that the forwarder potentially has several next-hops for any given destination and must use some method to choose which next-hop should be used for a given data packet.
Smartphone apps for improving medication adherence in hypertension: patients’ perspectives

Purpose
Digital interventions, such as smartphone applications (apps), are becoming an increasingly common way to support medication adherence and self-management in chronic conditions. It is important to investigate how patients feel about and engage with these technologies. The aim of this study was to explore patients' perspectives on smartphone apps to improve medication adherence in hypertension.


Methods
This was a qualitative study based in the West of Ireland. Twenty-four patients with hypertension were purposively sampled and engaged in focus groups. Thematic analysis on the data was carried out.


Results
Participants ranged in age from 50 to 83 years (M=65 years) with an equal split between men and women. Three major themes were identified in relation to patients' perspectives on smartphone apps to improve medication adherence in hypertension: "development of digital competence," "rules of engagement," and "sustainability" of these technologies.


Conclusion
These data showed that patients can identify the benefits of a medication reminder and recognize that self-monitoring their blood pressure could be empowering in terms of their understanding of the condition and interactions with their general practitioners. However, the data also revealed that there are concerns about increasing health-related anxiety and doubts about the sustainability of this technology over time. This suggests that the current patient perspective of smartphone apps might be best characterized by "ambivalence."
A non-convex asymptotic quantum Horn body

We prove by a counterexample that asymptotic quantum Horn bodies are not convex in general.
Bayesian calibration of a natural history model with application to a population model for colorectal cancer.

BACKGROUND
Cancer natural history models are essential when evaluating screening/preventative interventions or changes to diagnostic pathways. Natural history models commonly use a state transition structure, but it is often not possible to observe the state transition probabilities required for parameterization.


AIM
. The work aimed to accurately represent the uncertainty in the parameters of a state transition model for the natural history of colorectal cancer by embedding the problem in the framework of Bayesian inference.


METHODS
The Metropolis-Hastings algorithm was used to estimate natural history parameters and screening test characteristics by generating multiple sets of parameters from the posterior distribution, which is the probability distribution that is compatible with the observed data. Observed data included colorectal cancer incidence categorized by age and stage, autopsy data on polyp prevalence, and cancer and polyp detection rates from the first round of screening with the fecal occult blood test in England. The approach was implemented using Visual Basic.


RESULTS
The results were subsequently examined for convergence using the package CODA in R 2.8.0. Outputs from fitting were samples from the joint posterior distribution of the natural history parameters given the epidemiological data. The parameter sets obtained are shown to have a good fit to all the observed data sets. These parameter sets are used when running probabilistic sensitivity analysis.


CONCLUSION
The advantages of this strategy are that it draws efficiently from a high-dimensional correlated parameter space. The algorithm is simple to code and runs overnight on a standard desktop PC. Using this method, the parameter sets are drawn according to their posterior probability given calibration data, and thus they correctly summarize the residual uncertainty in the parameter space.