LLukas22/scidocs huggingface dataset:
Biotechnological Approaches to Improve Nutritional Quality and Shelf Life of Fruits and Vegetables

The objective of this review was to provide comprehensive overview of the application of biotechnological approaches to improve the nutritional quality and shelf life of fruits and vegetables. In doing so, the following issues were critically assessed: the origin and definitions of plant biotechnology; successful application of biotechnology in fruit and vegetables production; the dynamics of ripening and perishability in fruits and vegetables; the understanding of the fundamental processes that influence fruit set, maturation, and ripening; the effect of the biotechnological application on the nutritional quality and shelf life of fruit and vegetables; the challenges associated with the commercialization of biotech fruits and vegetables; the need for biotechnology in the production of fruits and vegetables in the 21 century, and the new paradigm shift necessary to improve nutrient quality and shelf life of biotech fruits and vegetables. The available scientific literature shows that the developed biotechnological approaches have the potential to enhance the yield, quality, and shelf-life of fruits and vegetables in the mist of the global climate change, water scarcity, population increase, and ever-increasing demand for food. To make sure that the current debates and complexities surrounding the registration, commercialization, human safety, environmental considerations such as non-target safety, gene flow, biodiversity and associated risks of biotech fruits and vegetables are adequately addressed, various stakeholders in the industry-policy makers, private sectors, agriculturalists, biotechnologists, scientists, extension agents, farmers, and the general public must be engaged in policy formulations, seed-embodiments, and products developments.
LYSGROUP: Adapting a Spanish microtext normalization system to English

In this article we describe the microtext normalization system we have used to participate in the Normalization of Noisy Text Task of the ACL W-NUT 2015 Workshop. Our normalization system was originally developed for text mining tasks on Spanish tweets. Our main goals during its development were flexibility, scalability and maintainability, in order to test a wide variety of approximations to the problem at hand with minimum effort. We will pay special attention to the process of adapting the components of our system to deal with English tweets which, as we will show, was achieved without major modifications of its base structure.
Rethinking the Australian Legend

Abstract Fifty years after its publication Russel Ward's The Australian Legend remains the classic account of our national culture. It was shaped by a long debate, in Europe and Australia, about the cultural basis of national selfhood, as well as by the events of Ward's own time: the 1930s depression, the popular front against Nazism and the early years of the Cold War. Russel Ward was a true believer in the bush legend as well as a critical interpreter of its origins, an ambiguity of purpose that reflected his shift from radical activist to academic, and from folklorist to cultural historian. In its preoccupation with ideas of national belonging it stands in a tradition that begins with the German Romantics and continues in contemporary interests in the Dreamtime.
A Metrics-Based Approach to Intrusion Detection System Evaluation for Distributed Real-Time Systems

This paper describes a set of metrics that will help administrators of distributed, real-time (clustered) computer facilities to select the best intrusion detection system for their facilities. The metrics herein are the subset of our general metric set that particularly impact real-time and distributed processing issues. We discuss related works in this field, the role of intrusion detection in information assurance, some basic classes of intrusion detection systems, a general architecture of network intrusion detection systems, and the scorecard metrics and their application to real-time and distributed processing systems. Finally we discuss the lessons we learned using a preliminary version of the metric scorecard to test three commercial intrusion detection systems and the opportunities for further work in this area.
Luminescent sensing and imaging of oxygen: Fierce competition to the Clark electrode

Luminescence-based sensing schemes for oxygen have experienced a fast growth and are in the process of replacing the Clark electrode in many fields. Unlike electrodes, sensing is not limited to point measurements via fiber optic microsensors, but includes additional features such as planar sensing, imaging, and intracellular assays using nanosized sensor particles. In this essay, I review and discuss the essentials of (i) common solid-state sensor approaches based on the use of luminescent indicator dyes and host polymers; (ii) fiber optic and planar sensing schemes; (iii) nanoparticle-based intracellular sensing; and (iv) common spectroscopies. Optical sensors are also capable of multiple simultaneous sensing (such as O2 and temperature). Sensors for O2 are produced nowadays in large quantities in industry. Fields of application include sensing of O2 in plant and animal physiology, in clinical chemistry, in marine sciences, in the chemical industry and in process biotechnology.
Power-Aware Prefetch in Mobile Environments

Most of the prefetch techniques used in the current cache management schemes do not consider the power constraints of the mobile clients and other factors such as the size of the data items, the data access rate, and the data update rate. In this paper, we address these issues by proposing a power-aware prefetch scheme, called value-based adaptive prefetch (VAP) scheme. The VAP scheme defines a value function which can optimize the prefetch cost to achieve bet ter performance. Also, VAP dynamically adjusts the number of prefetches based on the current energy level to prolong the system running time. As stretch is widely adopted as a performance metric for variable-size data requests, we show by analysis that the proposed algorithm can indeed achieve the optimal performance in terms of stretch when power consumption is considered. Simulation results demonstrate that our algorithm significantly outperforms existing prefetching algorithms under various scenarios.
Implementation of Biometric Systems - Security and Privacy Considerations

0167-4048/01/$22.00 © 2002, Elsevier Science Ltd 49 As biometric systems are deployed within security systems, or as part of identification programs, implementation issues relating to security and privacy need to be considered. The role of a biometric system is to recognize (or not) an individual through specific physiological or behavioral traits. The use of the word ‘recognize’ is significant — defined in the Oxford Dictionary as “identify as already known”. In other words, a biometric system does not establish the identity of an individual in any way, it merely recognizes that they are who they say they are (in a verification or a ‘positive identification’ system), or that they were not previously known to the system (in a ‘negative identification’ system, for example, to avoid double enrollment in a welfare system). This tie between the actual identity of an individual and the use of biometrics is subtle and provokes much debate, particularly relating to privacy and other societal issues. This paper seeks to clarify come of these issues by providing a framework, and by distinguishing between technology and societal issues.
How Can a Poor Man Stand Such Times and Live

Protest songs dealing with specific historical events tend to have "a built-in expiration date", to use an apt expression coined recently by Suzy Rotolo in regard to Phil Och's topical songs of the 1960s, which of course " doesn't lessen the validity of a well-written song ; it serves its purpose within its designated shelf life. " (Rotolo 2008 : 246). This paper explores the transformations of a Depression-era protest song, originally recorded for RCA Victor on December 4,1929 by the morally conservative Virginian composer-singer-fiddler Blind Alfred Reed, and subsequently covered since then, notably by the New Lost City Ramblers during the folk revival on Songs of the Depression (Folkways, 1959), by Ry Cooder on his self-titled album (Reprise, 1970), and more recently by Bruce Springsteen on his tribute album to Pete Seeger, We Shall Overcome: The Seeger Sessions (Columbia, 2006). Among the questions I explore are the following: How has this song remained relevant to new generations despite its historical link to the Depression era (e.g., a verse about the Prohibition)? What textual and musical features have contributed to its success? How do these performances, and especially the musical textures, reflect their times and deflect the original message of the song? How have successive artists manipulated the original to their own esthetic or political ends (e.g., by changing the order of verses, by adding or omitting lyrics, etc.), and to what effect? Twentieth-century protest songs have often been associated with the political Left, with some notable exceptions (e.g., Merle Haggard's Okie from Muskogee). How has the historical context combined with artistic intentions altered the political flavor of this particular song? The broader aim of this research is to cast light on the multi-faceted functions of protest songs and how their meanings vary over time. Reference Rotolo, Suzy. 2008. A Free-wheelin' Time: A Memoir of Greenwich Village in the Sixties. New York: Broadway Books.
Can beyond-CMOS devices illuminate dark silicon?

The "new Dark Silicon" model benchmarks transistor technologies at the architectural level for multi-core processors.
Centering Theory in Spanish: Coding Manual

0. Introduction This is a manual for coding Centering Theory (Grosz et al., 1995) in Spanish. The manual is still under revision. The coding is being done on two sets of corpora: • ISL corpus. A set of task-oriented dialogues in which participants try to find a date where they can meet. Distributed by the Interactive Systems Lab at Carnegie Mellon University. Transcription conventions for this corpus can be found in Appendix A. • CallHome corpus. Spontaneous telephone conversations, distributed by the Linguistics Data Consortium at the University of Pennsylvania. Information about this corpus can be obtained from the LDC. This manual provides guidelines for how to segment discourse (Section 1), what to include in the list of forward-looking centers (Section 2), and how to rank the list (Section 3). In Section 4, we list some unresolved issues. 1. Utterance segmentation 1.1 Utterance In this section, we discuss how to segment discourse into utterances. Besides general segmentation of coordinated and subordinated clauses, we discuss how to treat some spoken language phenomena, such as false starts. In general, an utterance U is a tensed clause. Because we are analyzing telephone conversations, a turn may be a clause or it may be not. For those cases in which the turn is not a clause, a turn is considered an utterance if it contains entities. The first pass in segmentation is to break the speech into intonation units. For the ISL corpus, an utterance U is defined as an intonation unit marked by either {period}, {quest} or {seos} (see Appendix A for details on transcription). Note that {comma}, unless it is followed by {seos}, does not define an utterance. In the example below, (1c.) corresponds to the beginning of a turn by a different speaker. However, even though (1c.) is not a tensed clause, it is treated as an utterance because it contains entities, it is followed by {comma} {seos}, and it does not seem to belong to the following utterance.
Mortality and cardiovascular events in online haemodiafiltration (OL-HDF) compared with high-flux dialysis: results from the Turkish OL-HDF Study.

BACKGROUND
Online haemodiafiltration (OL-HDF) is considered to confer clinical benefits over haemodialysis (HD) in terms of solute removal in patients undergoing maintenance HD. The aim of this study was to compare postdilution OL-HDF and high-flux HD in terms of morbidity and mortality.


METHODS
In this prospective, randomized, controlled trial, we enrolled 782 patients undergoing thrice-weekly HD and randomly assigned them in a 1:1 ratio to either postdilution OL-HDF or high-flux HD. The mean age of patients was 56.5 ± 13.9 years, time on HD 57.9 ± 44.6 months with a diabetes incidence of 34.7%. The follow-up period was 2 years, with the mean follow-up of 22.7 ± 10.9 months. The primary outcome was a composite of death from any cause and nonfatal cardiovascular events. The major secondary outcomes were cardiovascular and overall mortality, intradialytic complications, hospitalization rate, changes in several laboratory parameters and medications used.


RESULTS
The filtration volume in OL-HDF was 17.2 ± 1.3 L. Primary outcome was not different between the groups (event-free survival of 77.6% in OL-HDF versus 74.8% in the high-flux group, P = 0.28), as well as cardiovascular and overall survival, hospitalization rate and number of hypotensive episodes. In a post hoc analysis, the subgroup of OL-HDF patients treated with a median substitution volume >17.4 L per session (high-efficiency OL-HDF, n = 195) had better cardiovascular (P = 0.002) and overall survival (P = 0.03) compared with the high-flux HD group. In adjusted Cox-regression analysis, treatment with high-efficiency OL-HDF was associated with a 46% risk reduction for overall mortality {RR = 0.54 [95% confidence interval (95% CI) 0.31-0.93], P = 0.02} and a 71% risk reduction for cardiovascular mortality [RR = 0.29 (95% CI 0.12-0.65), P = 0.003] compared with high-flux HD.


CONCLUSIONS
The composite of all-cause mortality and nonfatal cardiovascular event rate was not different in the OL-HDF and in the high-flux HD groups. In a post hoc analysis, OL-HDF treatment with substitution volumes over 17.4 L was associated with better cardiovascular and overall survival.
Overview of Multi-MW Wind Turbines and Wind Parks

Multimegawatt wind-turbine systems, often organized in a wind park, are the backbone of the power generation based on renewable-energy systems. This paper reviews the most-adopted wind-turbine systems, the adopted generators, the topologies of the converters, the generator control and grid connection issues, as well as their arrangement in wind parks.
Automatic Street Light Control System Using Microcontroller

This paper aims at designing and executing the advanced development in embedded systems for energy saving of street lights. Nowadays, human has become too busy, and is unable to find time even to switch the lights wherever not necessary. The present system is like, the street lights will be switched on in the evening before the sun sets and they are switched off the next day morning after there is sufficient light on the roads. this paper gives the best solution for electrical power wastage. Also the manual operation of the lighting system is completely eliminated. In this paper the two sensors are used which are Light Dependent Resistor LDR sensor to indicate a day/night time and the photoelectric sensors to detect the movement on the street. the microcontroller PIC16F877A is used as brain to control the street light system, where the programming language used for developing the software to the microcontroller is C-language. Finally, the system has been successfully designed and implemented as prototype system. Key-Words: Street light, LDR, photoelectric sensor, microcontroller, energy saving and circuit design.
The talent challenge

This is a summary of the presentation on the panel titled "Issues and Challenges in Power Engineering" - 2005 IEEE/PES GM in San Francisco, CA.
An alternative text representation to TF-IDF and Bag-of-Words

In text mining, information retrieval, and machine learning, text documents are commonly represented through variants of sparse Bag of Words (sBoW) vectors (e.g. TF-IDF [1]). Although simple and intuitive, sBoW style representations suffer from their inherent over-sparsity and fail to capture word-level synonymy and polysemy. Especially when labeled data is limited (e.g. in document classification), or the text documents are short (e.g. emails or abstracts), many features are rarely observed within the training corpus. This leads to overfitting and reduced generalization accuracy. In this paper we propose Dense Cohort of Terms (dCoT), an unsupervised algorithm to learn improved sBoW document features. dCoT explicitly models absent words by removing and reconstructing random sub-sets of words in the unlabeled corpus. With this approach, dCoT learns to reconstruct frequent words from co-occurring infrequent words and maps the high dimensional sparse sBoW vectors into a low-dimensional dense representation. We show that the feature removal can be marginalized out and that the reconstruction can be solved for in closed-form. We demonstrate empirically, on several benchmark datasets, that dCoT features significantly improve the classification accuracy across several document classification tasks. ∗A modified version of our CIKM 2012 paper: From sBoW to dCoT, Marginalized Encoders for Text Representation Permission to make digital or hard copies of all or part of thi s work for personal or classroom use is granted without fee provided th at copies are not made or distributed for profit or commercial advantage an d that copies bear this notice and the full citation on the first page. To cop y therwise, to republish, to post on servers or to redistribute to lists, re quires prior specific permission and/or a fee. CIKM’12, October 29–November 2, 2012, Maui, HI, USA. Copyright 2012 ACM 978-1-4503-1156-4/12/10 ...$15.00.
Assessment of hearing in children with type 1 diabetes mellitus.

OBJECTIVE
To evaluate auditory function in a group of Egyptian type 1 diabetic children.


METHODS
This was a cross sectional observational study, which included 40 patients with type 1 diabetes and 40 controls. HbA1, urinary albumin/creatinine ratio, and auditory assessments (including dizziness questionnaire, pure tone audiometry, speech audiometry, tympanometry, and auto-acoustic cochlear emission) were completed for all patients and controls. Mann-Whitney U-test, χ2-test and Spearman's correlation were used for statistical analyses.


RESULTS
Assessment of pure tone audiometry revealed that the diabetics had a significantly higher reading in high frequency at 8000 Hz, 16,000 Hz, 17,000 Hz, and 18,000 Hz on the right side and at 4000 Hz, 8000 Hz, 16,000 Hz, 17,000 Hz, and 18,000 Hz on the left side. There was a significantly lower level in speech reception threshold, repetition of words, and masking level of diabetics on the left side. Evaluation of transient otoacoustic emission revealed that diabetics recorded significantly lower signal to noise ratio at 4000 Hz on the right side and at 1000, 1500, 4000, and all Hz on left side. There was significant lower emission amplitude in the right side of the diabetics group at 1500 and 4000 Hz and at 1000, 1500, and 4000 Hz on the left side. Patients with failed otoacoustic emission were significantly higher in disease duration >10 years.


CONCLUSION
Type 1 diabetes is associated with high/extended high frequency hearing loss, more prominent on the left side and with longer disease duration.
Anti-influenza viral effects of honey in vitro: potent high activity of manuka honey.

BACKGROUND AND AIMS
Influenza viruses are a serious threat to human health and cause thousands of deaths annually. Thus, there is an urgent requirement for the development of novel anti-influenza virus drugs. Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate the anti-influenza viral activity of honey from various sources.


METHODS
Antiviral activities of honey samples were evaluated using MDCK cells. To elucidate the possible mechanism of action of honey, plaque inhibition assays were used. Synergistic effects of honey with known anti-influenza virus drugs such as zanamivir or oseltamivir were tested.


RESULTS
Manuka honey efficiently inhibited influenza virus replication (IC50 = 3.6 ± 1.2 mg/mL; CC50 = 82.3 ± 2.2 mg/mL; selective index = 22.9), which is related to its virucidal effects. In the presence of 3.13 mg/mL manuka honey, the IC50 of zanamivir or oseltamivir was reduced to nearly 1/1000th of their single use.


CONCLUSIONS
Our results showed that honey, in general, and particularly manuka honey, has potent inhibitory activity against the influenza virus, demonstrating a potential medicinal value.
FOLFIRI followed by FOLFOX6 or the reverse sequence in advanced colorectal cancer: a randomized GERCOR study.

PURPOSE
In metastatic colorectal cancer, phase III studies have demonstrated the superiority of fluorouracil (FU) with leucovorin (LV) in combination with irinotecan or oxaliplatin over FU + LV alone. This phase III study investigated two sequences: folinic acid, FU, and irinotecan (FOLFIRI) followed by folinic acid, FU, and oxaliplatin (FOLFOX6; arm A), and FOLFOX6 followed by FOLFIRI (arm B).


PATIENTS AND METHODS
Previously untreated patients with assessable disease were randomly assigned to receive a 2-hour infusion of l-LV 200 mg/m(2) or dl-LV 400 mg/m(2) followed by a FU bolus 400 mg/m(2) and 46-hour infusion 2,400 to 3,000 mg/m(2) every 46 hours every 2 weeks, either with irinotecan 180 mg/m(2) or with oxaliplatin 100 mg/m(2) as a 2-hour infusion on day 1. At progression, irinotecan was replaced by oxaliplatin (arm A), or oxaliplatin by irinotecan (arm B).


RESULT
Median survival was 21.5 months in 109 patients allocated to FOLFIRI then FOLFOX6 versus 20.6 months in 111 patients allocated to FOLFOX6 then FOLFIRI (P =.99). Median second progression-free survival (PFS) was 14.2 months in arm A versus 10.9 in arm B (P =.64). In first-line therapy, FOLFIRI achieved 56% response rate (RR) and 8.5 months median PFS, versus FOLFOX6 which achieved 54% RR and 8.0 months median PFS (P =.26). Second-line FOLFIRI achieved 4% RR and 2.5 months median PFS, versus FOLFOX6 which achieved 15% RR and 4.2 months PFS. In first-line therapy, National Cancer Institute Common Toxicity Criteria grade 3/4 mucositis, nausea/vomiting, and grade 2 alopecia were more frequent with FOLFIRI, and grade 3/4 neutropenia and neurosensory toxicity were more frequent with FOLFOX6.


CONCLUSION
Both sequences achieved a prolonged survival and similar efficacy. The toxicity profiles were different.
Early retirement

Generous early retirement provisions account for a large proportion of the drop in the labor force participation of elderly workers. The aim of this paper is to provide a positive theory of early retirement. We suggest that the political support for generous early retirement provisions relies on: (i) the existence of a significant group of elderly workers with incomplete working history, who are not entitled to an old age pension; and (ii) the intragenerational redistribution built in this provision via the utility from leisure that induces low-ability workers to retire early. The majority which supports early retirement in a bidimensional voting game is composed of elderly with incomplete working history and low-ability workers; social security is supported by retirees and low-ability workers.  2002 Elsevier Science (USA). All rights reserved. JEL classification:H53; H55; D72