LLukas22/scidocs huggingface dataset:
Author ' s personal copy Grammatical aspect and mental simulation

When processing sentences about perceptible scenes and performable actions, language understanders activate perceptual and motor systems to perform mental simulations of those events. But little is known about exactly what linguistic elements activate modality-specific systems during language processing. While it is known that content words, like nouns and verbs, influence the content of a mental simulation, the role of grammar is less well understood. We investigate the role of grammatical markers in mental simulation through two experiments in which we manipulate the meanings of sentences by modifying the grammatical aspect they use. Using the Action-sentence Compatibility Effect (ACE) methodology [Glenberg, A., Kaschak, M. (2002). Grounding language in action. Psychonomic Bulletin and Review, 9, 558–565], we show that progressive sentences about hand motion facilitate manual action in the same direction, while perfect sentences that are identical in every way except their aspect do not. The broader implication of this finding for language processing is that while content words tell understanders what to mentally simulate and what brain regions to use in performing these simulations, grammatical constructions such as aspect modulate how those simulations are performed. 2009 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
Communication over Vehicular DC Lines: Propagation Channel Characteristics

This paper investigates the propagation channel characteristics of a power line communication inside a vehicle. Transfer functions have been measured between various points of the DC network in a frequency range extending from 500 kHz up to 70 MHz to deduce the statistical behavior of the path loss, delay spread and coherence bandwidth. The results are compared to those obtained with a deterministic propagation model, simulating the entire cable harness
Falls in young, middle-aged and older community dwelling adults: perceived cause, environmental factors and injury

BACKGROUND
Falls in older people have been characterized extensively in the literature, however little has been reported regarding falls in middle-aged and younger adults. The objective of this paper is to describe the perceived cause, environmental influences and resultant injuries of falls in 1497 young (20-45 years), middle-aged (46-65 years) and older (> 65 years) men and women from the Baltimore Longitudinal Study on Aging.


METHODS
A descriptive study where participants completed a fall history questionnaire describing the circumstances surrounding falls in the previous two years.


RESULTS
The reporting of falls increased with age from 18% in young, to 21% in middle-aged and 35% in older adults, with higher rates in women than men. Ambulation was cited as the cause of the fall most frequently in all gender and age groups. Our population reported a higher percentage of injuries (70.5%) than previous studies. The young group reported injuries most frequently to wrist/hand, knees and ankles; the middle-aged to their knees and the older group to their head and knees. Women reported a higher percentage of injuries in all age groups.


CONCLUSION
This is the first study to compare falls in young, middle and older aged men and women. Significant differences were found between the three age groups with respect to number of falls, activities engaged in prior to falling, perceived causes of the fall and where they fell.
Submarine geomorphology of northeast Baffin Bay and its implications for local paleo-ice sheet dynamics

Abstract High-resolution bathymetric data from close to the northwest Greenland coast in northern Melville Bay, northeast Baffin Bay, reveal a range of glacial and nonglacial landforms. The glacial landforms include crag-and-tails, mega-scale glacial lineations (MSGL), rock drumlins, and roche moutonnees that indicate paleo-ice sheet dynamics. The nonglacial landforms include steep ridges that are interpreted as volcanic dykes (Neoproterozoic Thule dyke swarms and Paleoproterozoic Melville Bugt dyke swarms). These dykes are glacially overprinted and may have channeled ice and subglacial meltwater flow through narrow subglacial cavities. Some of the glacial landforms eroded into bedrock indicate a southward paleo-ice stream orientation; while other glacial landforms, including the sedimentary depositional landforms, indicate a westward paleo-ice stream orientation. The glacial landforms were likely produced during at least two epochs and under changing thickness of the ice streams. The glacial landforms eroded into the bedrock are likely older than the sedimentary glacial landforms and were likely produced by a thin south/southeastward ice stream that allowed cavity formation. The westward-oriented glacial landforms were likely produced by a thick ice stream that was probably active during the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM). The different orientations of the glacial landforms indicate a reorganization of the ice streams that may have occurred during retreat and subsequent readvance. This reorganization likely coincided with a migration of the ice divide from south to north.
New media, the new economy and new spaces

This paper counters proponents of the Ôweightless economyÕ who have suggested the Ôdeath of distanceÕ in relation to economic and social activities that use the worldwide web (WWW). An analysis of new media developers in New YorkÕs ÔSilicon AlleyÕ demonstrates that place and distance are still important. The most important aspect of this co-location is the possibility of social interaction. This paper points to the value of analysis of the material practice of the social (and the economic and cultural). The notion of Ôuntraded dependenciesÕ is developed through looking at its manifestation and constitution in the speci®city of space, time and economic activity. Ó 2000 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.
The Complete Guide to Asperger's Syndrome

(1998) 'Autism, affective and other psychiatric disorders: patterns of familial aggregation.' Psychological Medicine 28, 385-395. (1999) 'Affective and psychotic disorders in adults with autism: seven case reports. (2004) 'Persecutory beliefs, attributions and theory of mind: comparison of patients with paranoid delusions, Asperger's syndrome and healthy controls.' Schizophrenia Research 69, 29-33. Delong, G. (1994) 'Children with autistic spectrum disorder and a family history of affective disorder. (1988) 'Correlation of family history with specific autistic subgroups: Asperger's syndrome and bipolar affective disease. (2002) 'Treating a child with Asperger's disorder and comorbid bipolar disorder. (1998) 'Depression in children with autism/pervasive developmental disorders: a case-control family history study.
Design and comparison of an optimized permanent magnet-assisted synchronous reluctance motor (PMa-SynRM) with an induction motor with identical NEMA Frame stators

The performance of a synchronous reluctance motor (SynRM) depends on the direct axis inductance (Ld) and the quadrature axis inductance (Lq) of the machine. To achieve high torque density and power factor, increasing the saliency ratio Ld/Lq and making the difference of these inductances (Ld-Lq) large enough are well known methods. Otherwise, the performance of the motor will remain below that of a similar induction machine using similar stator. By placing a proper amount of permanent magnets inside of the rotor in proper position it will be possible to achieve a significant improvement in performance of this permanent magnet assisted SynRM (PMa-SynRM) which will be comparable with induction machines with same stators. This PMa-SynRM will have benefit of reduced price due to use of conventional induction machines stators. This study investigates the characteristic of an optimized PMa-SynRM rotor for a specific 36-slot NEMA-Frame stator used in 7.5 HP induction motor and the paper presents the comparison results between the PMa-SynRM, SynRM, and the induction motor obtained from FEM analysis.
System of Systems Interoperability ( SOSI ) : Final Report

...................................................................................................................v 1 Purpose of the Research and Development Effort........................................1 2 Defining Interoperability .................................................................................3 3 Models of Interoperability ...............................................................................5 3.1 Levels of Information System Interoperability ............................................5 3.2 Organizational Interoperability Maturity Model ...........................................6 3.3 NATO C3 Technical Architecture (NC3TA) Reference Model for Interoperability...........................................................................................7 3.4 Levels of Conceptual Interoperability (LCIM) Model...................................8 3.5 Layers of Coalition Interoperability.............................................................9 3.6 The System of Systems Interoperability (SOSI) Model ..............................9 4 Approach........................................................................................................13 4.1 Method ....................................................................................................13 4.2 Collaborators...........................................................................................14 5 Results: Current State ...................................................................................15 5.1 Observations on the SOSI Model ............................................................15 6 DoD Interoperability Initiatives .....................................................................17 6.1 Commands, Directorates and Centers.....................................................17 6.2 Standards ................................................................................................20 6.3 Strategies ................................................................................................20 6.4 Demonstrations, Exercises and Testbeds ................................................21 6.5 Joint and Coalition Force Integration Initiatives........................................22 6.6 DoD-Sponsored Research.......................................................................25 6.7 Other Initiatives .......................................................................................26 7 Interview and Workshop Findings................................................................27 7.1 General Themes......................................................................................27
Manic-Depressive Illness and Creativity Does some fine madness plague great artists ? Several studies now show that creativity and mood disorders are linked

Men have called me mad,” wrote Edgar Allan Poe, “but the question is not yet settled, whether madness is or is not the loftiest intelligence— whether much that is glorious—whether all that is profound—does not spring from disease of thought—from moods of mind exalted at the expense of the general intellect.” Many people have long shared Poe’s suspicion that genius and insanity are entwined. Indeed, history holds countless examples of “that fine madness.” Scores of influential 18thand 19th-century poets, notably William Blake, Lord Byron and Alfred, Lord Tennyson, wrote about the extreme mood swings they endured. Modern American poets John Berryman, Randall Jarrell, Robert Lowell, Sylvia Plath, Theodore Roethke, Delmore Schwartz and Anne Sexton were all hospitalized for either mania or depression during their lives. And many painters and composers, among them Vincent van Gogh, Georgia O’Keeffe, Charles Mingus and Robert Schumann, have been similarly afflicted. Judging by current diagnostic criteria, it seems that most of these artists—and many others besides—suffered from one of the major mood disorders, namely, manic-depressive illness or major depression. Both are fairly common, very treatable and yet frequently lethal diseases. Major depression induces intense melancholic spells, whereas manic-depression, Manic-Depressive Illness and Creativity
Radiation Characteristics of a Microstrip Patch Over an Electromagnetic Bandgap Surface

Radiation characteristics of a microstrip patch over an electromagnetic bandgap (EBG) substrate are investigated in this paper. This paper focuses on a mushroom-type EBG structure, although the design is applicable to various EBG profiles. The patch antenna is modeled as a half-wavelength resonator of an EBG-loaded microstrip transmission line. Through a full-wave eigenmode analysis of a microstrip line on an EBG structure, it is found that the resonant patch will not see a high-impedance surface (HIS), but rather it is coupled to the EBG structure as an open cavity resonator. Due to strong near-field coupling, the propagation characteristics including the bandgap zones are very different with or without the patch cover. The use of an EBG structure as a bulk material for antennas is seen inappropriate. The EBG surface is found to have the effect of reducing the patch resonant length and bandwidth. A prototype of a microstrip line proximity fed to a patch antenna is fabricated and tested to verify the analysis.
Memory Augmented Policy Optimization for Program Synthesis and Semantic Parsing

We present Memory Augmented Policy Optimization (MAPO), a simple and novel way to leverage a memory buffer of promising trajectories to reduce the variance of policy gradient estimates. MAPO is applicable to deterministic environments with discrete actions, such as structured prediction and combinatorial optimization. Our key idea is to express the expected return objective as a weighted sum of two terms: an expectation over the high-reward trajectories inside a memory buffer, and a separate expectation over trajectories outside of the buffer. To design an efficient algorithm based on this idea, we propose: (1) memory weight clipping to accelerate and stabilize training; (2) systematic exploration to discover high-reward trajectories; (3) distributed sampling from inside and outside of the memory buffer to speed up training. MAPO improves the sample efficiency and robustness of policy gradient, especially on tasks with sparse rewards. We evaluate MAPO on weakly supervised program synthesis from natural language (semantic parsing). On the WIKITABLEQUESTIONS benchmark, we improve the state-of-the-art by 2.6%, achieving an accuracy of 46.3%. On the WIKISQL benchmark, MAPO achieves an accuracy of 74.9% with only weak supervision, outperforming several strong baselines with full supervision. Our source code is available at goo.gl/TXBp4e.
Minkowski Metric for GARCH (1,1)

In this paper we discuss a stylized fact on long memory process of volatility cluster phenomena by using Minkowski metric for GARCH (1,1). Also presented result of minus sign of volatility in reversed direction of time scale. It is named as dark volatility or hidden risk fear field.
Acute and nine-month clinical outcomes after "suboptimal" coronary stenting: results from the STent Anti-thrombotic Regimen Study (STARS) registry.

OBJECTIVES
This registry collected the 30-day and 9-month clinical outcomes of patients whose coronary stent implantation was suboptimal, and compared them with the cohort of patients with "optimal" stenting in the randomized portion of the STent Anti-thrombotic Regimen Study (STARS) trial.


BACKGROUND
Although "optimal" stenting combined with an aspirin and ticlopidine regimen carries a low (0.5%) incidence of subacute stent thrombosis, only limited data are available for patients in whom stents are deployed suboptimally.


METHODS
In the STARS, 312 (15.9%) of 1,965 patients enrolled were excluded from participation in the randomized trial based on a perceived "suboptimal" result of coronary stenting. Of these, 265 patients met prespecified criteria for suboptimal stenting, and were followed in a parallel registry, which was compared with the randomized STARS optimal stenting cohort. The primary end point was a 30-day composite of death, emergent target lesion revascularization, angiographic thrombosis of the target vessel without revascularization and nonfatal myocardial infarction (MI) unrelated to direct procedural complications.


RESULTS
Registry patients had a similar frequency of the primary end point compared with the overall randomized cohort (3.0% vs. 2.2%), with this end point correlating to use of multiple stents, smaller final lumen diameter and absence of ticlopidine from the poststent regimen. Overall 30-day mortality (1.1% vs. 0.06%, p = 0.009) and periprocedural non-Q wave MI (8.7% vs. 4.2%, p = 0.003) were more frequent in registry patients, and appeared to be related to acute procedural complications. Clinical restenosis was significantly higher for registry patients (26.8% vs. 16.0%, p = 0.001), relating to greater prevalence of independent predictors such as smaller final lumen diameter and multiple stent use.


CONCLUSIONS
In the STARS registry, the inability to perform optimal stenting correlated with smaller final lumen diameter and longer stent length. With ticlopidine-containing regimens, the acute clinical results of "suboptimal" stent deployment are clinically acceptable, although they are not quite as good as those of optimal stenting using similar drug therapy.
Number of cervical biopsies and sensitivity of colposcopy.

OBJECTIVE
To examine the influence that type of medical training and number of biopsies have on sensitivity of colposcopically guided biopsies.


METHODS
Among 408 women with an adequate enrollment colposcopy and a diagnosis of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) 3 or cancer (CIN 3+) over 2 years in the Atypical Squamous Cells of Undetermined Significance/Low-Grade Squamous Intraepithelial Lesions (ASCUS-LSIL) Triage Study, we evaluated factors influencing the sensitivity of the enrollment colposcopic procedure. We used contingency table analysis to examine confounding variables and chi(2) tests to ascertain statistical significance.


RESULTS
Overall, 69.9% of women with a cumulative diagnosis of CIN 3+ had a "true-positive" enrollment colposcopically guided biopsy result of CIN 2 or worse (CIN 2+), the threshold that would trigger excisional therapy. The sensitivity of the procedure did not vary significantly by type of colposcopist. However, the sensitivity was significantly greater when the colposcopists took two or more biopsies instead of one (P<.01), a pattern observed across all types of colposcopists. Independent of the severity of the colposcopic impression, the frequency with which colposcopists took two or more biopsies instead of one varied (in descending order) from nurse practitioners to general gynecologists to gynecologic oncology fellows to gynecologic oncologists (P<.01).


CONCLUSION
Colposcopy with guided biopsy or biopsies detects approximately two thirds of CIN 3+. Although the sensitivity of the procedure does not differ significantly by type of medical training, it is greater when two or more biopsies are taken.
Perceived sports competence mediates the relationship between childhood motor skill proficiency and adolescent physical activity and fitness: a longitudinal assessment

BACKGROUND
The purpose of this paper was to investigate whether perceived sports competence mediates the relationship between childhood motor skill proficiency and subsequent adolescent physical activity and fitness.


METHODS
In 2000, children's motor skill proficiency was assessed as part of a school-based physical activity intervention. In 2006/07, participants were followed up as part of the Physical Activity and Skills Study and completed assessments for perceived sports competence (Physical Self-Perception Profile), physical activity (Adolescent Physical Activity Recall Questionnaire) and cardiorespiratory fitness (Multistage Fitness Test). Structural equation modelling techniques were used to determine whether perceived sports competence mediated between childhood object control skill proficiency (composite score of kick, catch and overhand throw), and subsequent adolescent self-reported time in moderate-to-vigorous physical activity and cardiorespiratory fitness.


RESULTS
Of 928 original intervention participants, 481 were located in 28 schools and 276 (57%) were assessed with at least one follow-up measure. Slightly more than half were female (52.4%) with a mean age of 16.4 years (range 14.2 to 18.3 yrs). Relevant assessments were completed by 250 (90.6%) students for the Physical Activity Model and 227 (82.3%) for the Fitness Model. Both hypothesised mediation models had a good fit to the observed data, with the Physical Activity Model accounting for 18% (R2 = 0.18) of physical activity variance and the Fitness Model accounting for 30% (R2 = 0.30) of fitness variance. Sex did not act as a moderator in either model.


CONCLUSION
Developing a high perceived sports competence through object control skill development in childhood is important for both boys and girls in determining adolescent physical activity participation and fitness. Our findings highlight the need for interventions to target and improve the perceived sports competence of youth.
A note on the least squares fitting of ellipses

Rosin, P.L., A note on the least squares fitting of ellipses, Pattern Recognition Letters 14 (1993) 799-808. The characteristics of two normalisations for the general conic equation are investigated for use in least squares fitting: either setting F = 1 or A + C= 1. The normalisations vary in three main areas: curvature bias, singularities, transformational invariance. It is shown that setting F = 1 is the more appropriate for ellipse fitting since it is less heavily curvature biased. Setting A + C= 1 produces more eccentric conics, resulting either in over-elongated ellipses or hyperbolae. Although the F = 1 normalisation is less well suited than the A + C= 1 normalisation with respect to singularities and transformational invariance both these problems are solved by normalising the data, shifting it so that it is centred on the origin before fitting, and then re-expressing the fit in the original frame of reference.
Virtual Reality as a Distraction Technique in Chronic Pain Patients

We explored the use of virtual reality distraction techniques for use as adjunctive therapy to treat chronic pain. Virtual environments were specifically created to provide pleasant and engaging experiences where patients navigated on their own through rich and varied simulated worlds. Real-time physiological monitoring was used as a guide to determine the effectiveness and sustainability of this intervention. Human factors studies showed that virtual navigation is a safe and effective method for use with chronic pain patients. Chronic pain patients demonstrated significant relief in subjective ratings of pain that corresponded to objective measurements in peripheral, noninvasive physiological measures.
Numeric Expression of Aesthetics and Beauty

Debate over what constitutes beauty, particularly beauty of the human body, has raged since philosophy began. Interested scholars have debated the meaning of beauty for centuries. However, it seems that numbers and the resulting numeric relationships play a fundamental role in the classification of the human body, and that a harmonic profile or body shape is produced only at certain definite numeric relationships. The beauty of individual features depends on “ideal” proportions, and it is suggested that expressing beauty in terms of geometry is possible. As the demand for aesthetic surgery has increased tremendously over the past few decades, it is becoming essential to be able to assess the possible satisfaction that can be expected after an aesthetic surgery procedure and to determine the beauty of the final result as precisely as possible.