LLukas22/scidocs huggingface dataset:
Spectral karyotyping of human, mouse, rat and ape chromosomes--applications for genetic diagnostics and research.

Spectral karyotyping (SKY) is a widely used methodology to identify genetic aberrations. Multicolor fluorescence in situ hybridization using chromosome painting probes in individual colors for all metaphase chromosomes at once is combined with a unique spectral measurement and analysis system to automatically classify normal and aberrant chromosomes. Based on countless studies and investigations in many laboratories worldwide, numerous new chromosome translocations and other aberrations have been identified in clinical and tumor cytogenetics. Thus, gene identification studies have been facilitated resulting in the dissection of tumor development and progression. For example, different translocation partners of the TEL/ETV6 transcription factor that is specially required for hematopoiesis within the bone marrow were identified. Also, the correct classification of complex karyotypes of solid tumors supports the prognostication of cancer patients. Important accomplishments for patients with genetic diseases, leukemias and lymphomas, mesenchymal tumors and solid cancers are summarized and exemplified. Furthermore, studies of disease mechanisms such as centromeric DNA breakage, DNA double strand break repair, telomere shortening and radiation-induced neoplastic transformation have been accompanied by SKY analyses. Besides the hybridization of human chromosomes, mouse karyotyping has also contributed to the comprehensive characterization of mouse models of human disease and for gene therapy studies.
A Randomized-Controlled Trial of Prophylactic Hydrocortisone Supplementation for the Prevention of Hypotension in Extremely Low Birth Weight Infants

OBJECTIVE:Extremely low birth weight (ELBW) infants are at risk for hypotension. Abnormal adrenal function may play a role in the pathogenesis of hypotension, and therefore, the administration of hydrocortisone (HC) may be an effective treatment for hypotension in some infants. However, the efficacy of prophylactic HC to prevent the use of vasopressors for a defined hypotensive state has not been studied. We conducted a randomized-controlled trial to determine the potential role on adrenal insufficiency in early neonatal hypotension and to determine the effectiveness of prophylactic HC in reducing treatment of hypotension in ELBW infants.STUDY DESIGN:Infants were assigned to receive either HC or placebo within the first 3 hours of life. Therapy was continued for 5 days. The presence of hypotension was based on an operational definition and treatment with vasopressors (VP) was standardized based on an a priori protocol.RESULTS:A total of 34 patients were enrolled. Baseline characteristics were similar between groups. Of the HC group 25% received VP at 24 hours of age compared to 44% of the placebo group. On day of life 2, only 7% of the HC group received VP compared to 39% of the placebo group (p<0.05).CONCLUSION:Prophylactic treatment with HC reduces the incidence of hypotension, defined by treatment with VP, among ELBW infants during the first 2 days of life. However, the mounting evidence that prophylactic administration of glucocorticoids in the first days of life is harmful to ELBW infants makes HC prophylaxis unwise until the efficacy of treatment relative to safety can be clearly established.
Pose Normalization for Local Appearance-Based Face Recognition

We focused this work on handling variation in facial appearance caused by 3D head pose. A pose normalization approach based on fitting active appearance models (AAM) on a given face image was investigated. Profile faces with different rotation angles in depth were warped into shape-free frontal view faces. Face recognition experiments were carried out on the pose normalized facial images with a local appearancebased approach. The experimental results showed a significant improvement in accuracy. The local appearance-based face recognition approach is found to be robust against errors introduced by face model fitting.
Binding of molecular dioxygen to Co(II) complexes in aqueous solutions

Abstract The reaction of dioxygen addition to Co(II) complexes in aqueous solution and the possible further evolution of dioxygen adducts are taken into consideration. A short survey is given of the thermodynamic features shown by the reactions of the formation of superoxo and peroxo compounds corresponding to Co(II) complexes with simple and superstructured ligands. Two topics are then developed. In the first one, the connections between the structure of the ligand bonded to Co(II) and the type and the thermodynamic and kinetic stability of the dioxygenjadducts formed are discussed. Open-chain and cyclic tetraazotate saturated amines with nitrogens connected by ethylenic or propylenic bridges different in number and in their order are discussed. In the second, the state of the art concerning the dioxygen adducts corresponding to Co(II) complexes with binucleating ligands is summarized. Attention is focused on the behaviour towards molecular oxygen shown, in aqueous solutions, by Co(II) complexes with saturated open-chain or cyclic amines containing 9 or 10 nitrogens connected by ethylenic chains over a large range of R (= C L 0 C Co 0 ) and pH values.
Speckle tracking derived strain in infants with severe perinatal asphyxia: a comparative case control study

BACKGROUND
Speckle tracking echocardiography is increasingly being used to assess cardiac function in neonates. The objective was to compare speckle tracking strain indices between asphyxiated infants and healthy controls and to ascertain correlations between strain and 2D Doppler derived indices and cardiac troponin (biochemical marker of myocardial injury).


METHODS
Clinical and echocardiographic data from severely asphyxiated infants undergoing therapeutic hypothermia was evaluated retrospectively. This was compared with prospective data from healthy infants. Correlations between variables were assessed using Pearson's coefficient of correlation.


RESULTS
Twenty four infants with severe perinatal asphyxia were admitted during the study period of which 3 were not cooled and were excluded. The gestational age and birth weights of cases and controls were comparable. The mean left ventricular global longitudinal strain (GLS) from apical 4 chamber view was noted to be significantly impaired in the asphyxiated infants (- 11.01% ± 2.48 vs - 21.45% ± 2.74, p <0.001). Cardiac output was significantly lower in the asphyxiated infants (97 ± 26 vs 230 ± 60 ml/kg/min). In asphyxiated infants, GLS correlated positively with cardiac output (r2 = 0.86, p< 0.001) and negatively with serum troponin levels (r2 = 0.64, p< 0.001). GLS was less impaired in infants on inotropes compared to those not on inotropic support, -12.55% (1.9) vs -10.2% (1.3), p= 0.018. Infants who died had a lower global strain value compared to survivors, - 9.7% (1.6) vs - 12.8% (2.6), p = 0.02.


CONCLUSIONS
2D Speckle derived strain was impaired in asphyxiated infants. Significant correlations between GLS and cardiac output and troponin were noted.
[Efficacy of tiotropium bromide (Spiriva) in patients with chronic-obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) of different severities].

BACKGROUND
Aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of inhaled Tiotropium bromide in COPD patients of different severities in pneumological practices during a three months clinical trial.


METHODS
A randomized, double blind, placebo controlled study including COPD-patients (FEV1/FVC < 70 %, FEV1 < or = 70 % predicted; age > or = 40 years; > or = 10 pack years) of different severities was performed. The efficacy of 18 microg Tiotropium bromide once daily on lung function and exacerbations over 12 weeks was evaluated by respective pulmonary function tests (spirometry) before (trough value) and 2 hours after inhalation of study medication.


RESULTS
1639 patients (1236 Tiotropium bromide, 403 placebo; FEV1 reversibility after 200 microg Ipratropium bromide + 200 microg Fenoterol: 7.9 +/- 7.5 % predicted [mean +/- sd]) were randomized. After 12 weeks of treatment Tiotropium bromide led to significant increases of trough FEV1 (23 - 24 h after last inhalation; + 79 +/- 17 ml), and 2 h after Tiotropium bromide inhalation (+ 128 +/- 19 ml) (all values vs. placebo, adjusted mean +/- se, p < 0.0001). FVC and IVC were also improved significantly. In mild COPD (FEV1 > or = 50 - 70 %) improvements were most pronounced (trough FEV1 + 113 +/- 29 ml, 2 h post-inhalation + 181 +/- 33 ml; all values vs. placebo., p < 0.0001). 14.6 % of patients treated with Tiotropium bromide had a COPD exacerbation vs. 19.9 % of patients treated with placebo (p = 0.0151). The time to first exacerbation was prolonged (p = 0.0092 vs. placebo).


CONCLUSION
Tiotropium bromide 18 microg once daily led to a persistent improvement of lung function and a reduction of exacerbations in patients with COPD of different severities.
FIXED POINT THEOREM FOR INTEGRAL TYPE CONTRACTION QUASI b-METRIC SPACE

Abstract. In this paper, we introduce contractive conditions of integral type in the setting of dislocated quasi b-metric spaces. Using contractive conditions of integral type, we have presented a fixed point theorem in the framework of dislocated quasi b-metric spaces. Our established result generalize and extend various fixed point theorems of the literature in the context of dislocated quasi b-metric spaces. An example is given in the support of our main results.
Compact FinFET Memory Circuits with P-Type Data Access Transistors for Low Leakage and Robust Operation

A new six transistor (6 T) SRAM cell with PMOS access transistors is proposed in this paper for reducing the leakage power consumption while enhancing the data stability and the integration density of FinFET memory circuits. With the proposed SRAM circuit, the voltage disturbance at the data storage nodes during a read operation is reduced by utilizing PMOS access transistors. The read stability is enhanced by 60% while reducing the leakage power by 21% as compared to a standard tied-gate FinFET SRAM cell with the same size transistors. One gate of each pull-up FinFET of the cross- coupled inverters is permanently disabled in order to achieve write-ability with minimum sized transistors. The proposed independent-gate FinFET SRAM circuit with P-type data access transistors reduces the idle mode leakage power, the read power, the write power, and the cell area by 61%, 20%, 11.4%, and 17.5%, respectively, as compared to a standard tied-gate FinFET SRAM cell sized for similar data stability in a 32 nm FinFET technology.
Genetic algorithms applied to multi-class prediction for the analysis of gene expression data

MOTIVATION
An important challenge in the use of large-scale gene expression data for biological classification occurs when the expression dataset being analyzed involves multiple classes. Key issues that need to be addressed under such circumstances are the efficient selection of good predictive gene groups from datasets that are inherently 'noisy', and the development of new methodologies that can enhance the successful classification of these complex datasets.


METHODS
We have applied genetic algorithms (GAs) to the problem of multi-class prediction. A GA-based gene selection scheme is described that automatically determines the members of a predictive gene group, as well as the optimal group size, that maximizes classification success using a maximum likelihood (MLHD) classification method.


RESULTS
The GA/MLHD-based approach achieves higher classification accuracies than other published predictive methods on the same multi-class test dataset. It also permits substantial feature reduction in classifier genesets without compromising predictive accuracy. We propose that GA-based algorithms may represent a powerful new tool in the analysis and exploration of complex multi-class gene expression data.


AVAILABILITY
Supplementary information, data sets and source codes are available at http://www.omniarray.com/bioinformatics/GA.
Quality Attributes of Consumer-Based m-Commerce Systems

In m-commerce applications, the design process still lacks a systematic quality control procedure. These systems are data-intensive, user-driven, and have increasing needs for accessibility, efficiency, adaptivity, portability and competitiveness. In this paper we study the quality of the software on which retail shopping through the mobile web is based, i.e. the software part of B2C (business-to-customer) m-Commerce system. A consumer’s perception quality evaluation was conducted to reveal the quality attributes that offer insights into m-commerce systems based on the external quality characteristics of ISO9126 quality standard.
Virtual Synchronous Control for Grid-Connected DFIG-Based Wind Turbines

This paper presents a virtual synchronous control (VSynC) for doubly fed induction generator (DFIG)-based wind turbines (WTs) to provide inertia contribution in particular when integrated into weak ac grid with low short-circuit ratio (SCR). Different from the traditional vector control (VC) based on the widely used phase-locked loop synchronizing technique, VSynC is capable of synchronizing DFIG with grid directly through the active power control. Damping control and current limitation are also designed to improve the stability and dynamic response of DFIG-based WT. Eigenvalue analysis shows that the VSynC-based DFIG displays pronounced superiority in stability to the typical VC based when connected to low-SCR ac grid. In such case, the power transfer capability of VSynC-based DFIG is not limited, which means the maximum theoretical power viz., 1 pu, can be achieved even when SCR is decreased to 1. By contrast, the maximum transmittable power of VC-based DFIG is highly restricted. Moreover, VSynC makes DFIG naturally provide the desired inertial response, and as a result enhances the grid frequency stability. Comparative study between the VSynC and the typical inertia control based on VC is also performed, and simulated results demonstrate the superior inertial response of VSynC-based DFIG attached to weak ac grid.
Treatment of Hospitalized Adult Patients With Severe Ulcerative Colitis: Toronto Consensus Statements

OBJECTIVES:The objective of this study was to provide updated explicit and relevant consensus statements for clinicians to refer to when managing hospitalized adult patients with acute severe ulcerative colitis (UC).METHODS:The Canadian Association of Gastroenterology consensus group of 23 voting participants developed a series of recommendation statements that addressed pertinent clinical questions. An iterative voting and feedback process was used to do this in conjunction with systematic literature reviews. These statements were brought to a formal consensus meeting held in Toronto, Ontario (March 2010), when each statement was discussed, reformulated, voted upon, and subsequently revised until group consensus (at least 80% agreement) was obtained. The modified GRADE (Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation) criteria were used to rate the strength of recommendations and the quality of evidence.RESULTS:As a result of the iterative process, consensus was reached on 21 statements addressing four themes (General considerations and nutritional issues, Steroid use and predictors of steroid failure, Cyclosporine and infliximab, and Surgical issues).CONCLUSIONS:Key recommendations for the treatment of hospitalized patients with severe UC include early escalation to second-line medical therapy with either infliximab or cyclosporine in individuals in whom parenteral steroids have failed after 72 h. These agents should be used in experienced centers where appropriate support is available. Sequential therapy with cyclosporine and infliximab is not recommended. Surgery is an option when first-line steroid therapy fails, and is indicated when second-line medical therapy fails and/or when complications arise during the hospitalization.
The Sustained Impact of Model Organisms-in Genetics and Epigenetics.

> Now that DNA sequencing can reveal disease-relevant mutations in humans, it is appropriate to consider the history of genetic research on model organisms, and whether model organisms will continue to play an important role. Our view is that genetic research in model organisms has had an
Identifying Sections in Scientific Abstracts using Conditional Random Fields

OBJECTIVE: The prior knowledge about the rhetorical structure of scientific abstracts is useful for various text-mining tasks such as information extraction, information retrieval, and automatic summarization. This paper presents a novel approach to categorize sentences in scientific abstracts into four sections, objective, methods, results, and conclusions. METHOD: Formalizing the categorization task as a sequential labeling problem, we employ Conditional Random Fields (CRFs) to annotate section labels into abstract sentences. The training corpus is acquired automatically from Medline abstracts. RESULTS: The proposed method outperformed the previous approaches, achieving 95.5% per-sentence accuracy and 68.8% per-abstract accuracy. CONCLUSION: The experimental results showed that CRFs could model the rhetorical structure of abstracts more suitably.
AI Methods for Algorithmic Composition : A Survey , a Critical View and Future Prospects

In this paper we survey the use of different AI methods for algorithmic composition, present their advantages and disadvantages, discuss some important general issues and propose desirable future prospects
Calcium absorption response to cholecalciferol supplementation in hemodialysis.

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES
Recent understanding of extrarenal production of calcitriol has led to the use of more vitamin D supplementation in CKD populations. This paper reports the effect of cholecalciferol supplementation on calcium absorption.


DESIGN, SETTING, PARTICIPANTS, & MEASUREMENTS
Paired calcium absorption tests were done before and after 12-13 weeks of 20,000 IU weekly cholecalciferol supplementation in 30 participants with stage 5 CKD on hemodialysis. The study was conducted from April to December of 2011. Calcium absorption was tested with a standardized meal containing 300 mg calcium carbonate intrinsically labeled with (45)Ca; 25-hydroxyvitamin D and 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D were measured.


RESULTS
25-Hydroxyvitamin D rose from 14.2 ng/ml (11.5-18.5) at baseline to 49.3 ng/ml (42.3-58.1) at the end of the study (P<0.001). 1,25-Dihydroxyvitamin D rose from 15.1 (10.5-18.8) pg/ml at baseline to 20.5 (17.0-24.7) pg/ml at the end of the study (P<0.001). The median baseline calcium absorption was 12% (7%-17%) and 12% (7%-16%) at the end of study.


CONCLUSIONS
Patients with stage 5 CKD on hemodialysis had very low calcium absorption values at baseline, and cholecalciferol supplementation that raised 25(OH)D levels to 50 ng/ml had no effect on calcium absorption.
Rheumatoid arthritis in Spain: occurrence of extra-articular manifestations and estimates of disease severity.

OBJECTIVES
To characterise RA in a sample of Spanish patients by estimating mean clinical activity, functional ability, and radiological damage, and current and cumulative prevalence of extra-articular manifestations.


METHODS
Cross sectional analysis of a cohort of patients with RA randomly selected from the clinical databases of 34 centres. Standard definitions and measurements were used, and radiographs read centrally. Estimates and confidence intervals were adjusted to sampling.


RESULTS
Data were available for 788 patients. Extra-articular RA was present in 285 (36.2%) patients. Cumulative prevalence and 95% confidence intervals of extra-articular manifestations were estimated: nodules 24.5% (21.5 to 27.5), Sjögren's syndrome 17.0% (14.4 to 19.6), atlantoaxial subluxation 12.1% (9.8 to 14.4), carpal tunnel syndrome 10.7% (7.8 to 13.6), interstitial lung disease 3.7% (2.4 to 5.0), serositis 2.5% (1.4 to 3.5), eye disease 2.5% (1.1 to 3.9), vasculitis 1.3% (0.5 to 2.1), amyloidosis 0.6% (0.1 to 1.2), and Felty's syndrome 0.3% (<0.6). Mean (SD) activity/progression indexes were: DAS28-3 3.4 (1.2), HAQ 1.6 (0.4), Larsen score 54.7 (26.4). Less than 5% of the patients were in remission. 205 (72%) patients were receiving disease modifying antirheumatic drugs (DMARDs).


CONCLUSION
Spanish patients with RA ever seen by a rheumatologist have, on average, a moderate degree of activity, despite widespread use of DMARDs. Measures of the degree of progression do not show a benign disease. The proportion of extra-articular manifestations in Spanish patients with RA is similar to that found in other Mediterranean populations, and lower than that reported in Anglo Saxon countries.
Horizontal Mismatch in the Labour Market of Graduates : The Role of Signalling

Horizontal Mismatch in the Labour Market of Graduates: The Role of Signalling We follow Brodaty et al. (2008) and develop a model within the signalling literature where an employer decides whether to hire a worker or not conditionally on the signals she sends – field and length of study and high education (HE) institution. The empirical design of our paper builds on evidence relative to first labour market entry of graduates to identify a signalling effect of individual and institutional quality of study on individual horizontal match quality. First, based on a matched unique employer-employee dataset we report the extent of horizontal mismatch for graduates of different fields of education for a post-transition economy (Slovenia). Second, we test the signal of HE institutions and above average study duration on the likelihood of a horizontal mismatch separately for each field of education. We find that graduates from specific HE institutions experience significantly higher likelihood to get a job that matches the field of study for social sciences, namely business and administration and to a smaller extent education. On the contrary, HE institutions do not signal skills or abilities in the most technical fields of education (engineering, computing, manufacturing). The above average study duration has mixed effects based on the field of education. It can either signal lower innate ability (i.e. for law graduates) or increased skills due to student work (i.e. computing graduates). JEL Classification: J21, J24, J44, I21