LLukas22/scidocs huggingface dataset:
Perturbed Orthogonal Matching Pursuit

Compressive Sensing theory details how a sparsely represented signal in a known basis can be reconstructed with an underdetermined linear measurement model. However, in reality there is a mismatch between the assumed and the actual bases due to factors such as discretization of the parameter space defining basis components, sampling jitter in A/D conversion, and model errors. Due to this mismatch, a signal may not be sparse in the assumed basis, which causes significant performance degradation in sparse reconstruction algorithms. To eliminate the mismatch problem, this paper presents a novel perturbed orthogonal matching pursuit (POMP) algorithm that performs controlled perturbation of selected support vectors to decrease the orthogonal residual at each iteration. Based on detailed mathematical analysis, conditions for successful reconstruction are derived. Simulations show that robust results with much smaller reconstruction errors in the case of perturbed bases can be obtained as compared to standard sparse reconstruction techniques.
Estimating Google's search engine ranking function from a search engine optimization perspective

Purpose –This study aims to estimate Google search engine’s ranking function from a search engine optimization (SEO) perspective. Design/methodology/approach – The paper proposed an estimation function that defines the query match score of a search result as the weighted sum of scores from a limited set of factors. The search results for a query are re-ranked according to the query match scores. The effectiveness was measured by comparing the new ranks with the original ranks of search results. Findings – The proposed method achieved the best SEO effectiveness when using the top 20 search results for a query. Our empirical results reveal that PageRank is the dominant factor in Google ranking function. The title follows as the second most important, and the snippet and the URL have roughly equal importance with variations among queries. Research limitations/implications –This study considered a limited set of ranking factors. The empirical results reveal that SEO effectiveness can be assessed by a simple estimation of ranking function even when the ranks of the new and original result sets are quite dissimilar. Practical implications – The findings indicate that Web marketers should pay particular attention to a webpage’s PageRank, and then place the keyword in the page title, snippet, and URL. Originality/value – There have been ongoing concerns about how to formulate a simple strategy that can help a website get ranked higher in search engines. This study provides web marketers much needed empirical evidence about a simple way to foresee the ranking success of an SEO effort.
Miniaturized meander PCB antenna for 433MHz

Wireless devices have become an important part of everyday life. Antennas are essential components in these wireless devices. In recent years, there has been an increased interest in operating at the ultra-high frequency (UHF) band. It is well known that the ISM 433, 433.050-434.790 MHz frequency bands [1] is widely used for low data rate applications, such as Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) and remote controls. This paper presents a miniaturized meander structure printed pcb antenna for ultra high frequency application. The proposed antenna of size 50mm×40mm, is designed to operate at frequency 433 MHz with 7 MHz bandwidth. The proposed antenna is designed on FR-4 substrate with a thickness of 1.6 mm. Good return loss and radiation pattern characteristic are obtained in frequency of interest. FEM based simulator Ansys HFSS is used for simulation.
A queueing network with a single cyclically roving server

A queueing network that is served by a single server in a cyclic order is analyzed in this paper. Customers arrive at the queues from outside the network according to independent Poisson processes. Upon completion of his service, a customer may leave the network, be routed to another queue in the network or rejoin the same queue for another portion of service. The single server through the different queues of the network in a cyclic manner. Whenever the server arrives at a queue (polls the queue), he serves the waiting customers in that queue according to some service discipline. Both the gated and the exhaustive disciplines are considered. When moving from one queue to the next queue, the server incurs a switch-over period. This queueing network model has great many applications in communication, computer, robotics and manufacturing systems. Examples include token rings, single-processor multi-task systems and others. For this model we derive the generating function and the expected number of customers present in the network queues at arbitrary epochs, and compute the expected values of the delays observed by the customers. In addition, we derive the expected delay of customers that follow a specific route in the network, and we introduce pseudo conservation laws for this network of queues.
Investigating the appropriateness and relevance of mobile web accessibility guidelines

The Web Accessibility Initiative (WAI) of the World Wide Web Consortium (W3C) develop and maintain guidelines for making the web more accessible to people with disabilities. WCAG 2.0 and the MWBP 1.0 are internationally regarded as the industry standard guidelines for web accessibility. Mobile testing sessions conducted by AbilityNet document issues raised by users in a report format, relating issues to guidelines wherever possible. This paper presents the results of a preliminary investigation that examines how effectively and easily these issues can be related by experts to the guidelines provided by WCAG 2.0 and MWBP 1.0.
Broken bar fault diagnosis of induction motors using MCSA and neural network

Early detection and diagnosis of incipient faults are desirable to ensure an operational effectiveness improved of an induction motors. A novel practical detection and classification method, using motor current signature analysis (MCSA) associated with a neural technique is developed to detect rotor broken bar faults. In this method, only one phase current is used. Following current spectrum study on hundreds of experimental observations, it was established that the mixed eccentricity harmonic ƒecc_mix has the largest amplitude around the fundamental, under different loads and state (healthy or defective). However ƒecc_mix is related to the slip and the mechanical rotational frequency. It becomes obvious that the detection of the rotor broken bars harmonic is made easy. The amplitude of this harmonic and the slip (detection criterion) are used as the neural network inputs. The last provides reliably, its decision on the state of the machine. Experimental results prove the efficiency of the proposed method.
Sarcasm Detection: Beyond Machine Learning Algorithms

Noise in online networks especially knowledge networks such as Quora, Yahoo! Q&A, reddit can be attributed to jokes, redundancy, insults, sarcasm. As the size of the content on these websites grows in a manner not possible to be monitored manually, there is a need to automatically detect the undesired text to increase the signal (useful content) to noise ratio. Popular machine learning algorithms does a good job at predicting noise in online social networks, such as sarcasm in Twitter, Davidov et. al. (2010) [1]. However, sarcasm detection remains a challenge for learning algorithms because of the complexity involved in learning the patterns. Some statement in topic Physics on Quora might be sarcastic without containing any word features normally found in general sarcastic sentences. For instance: “I know that this defies the law of gravity, but, you see, I never studied law” is a joke without containing any typical word features like oh!, !, yeah! etc., found in sarcastic comments. However to tag it as a sarcasm, reader must know the context i.e. law of gravity and law subject. Even humans will have difficult time classifying whether a piece of text is sarcastic or not without knowing the context. Since humans need context to determine sarcasm, so must be the learning algorithms as experimented by Wallace et. al. (2014) [2]. This generates a need to develop intelligent machine learning algorithms which can take complex context and subject matter knowledge to detect specialized sarcasm. BODY Learning Algorithms just like humans need context to detect sarcasm.
Six-year outcome of cognitive behavior therapy for prevention of recurrent depression.

OBJECTIVE
A paucity of studies use nonpharmacological strategies for preventing recurrence in depression. Cognitive behavior treatment of residual symptoms was found to yield a significantly lower relapse rate than clinical management in recurrent depression at a 2-year follow-up. The objective of this investigation was to provide a 6-year follow-up of cognitive behavior treatment versus clinical management.


METHOD
Forty patients with recurrent major depression who had been successfully treated with antidepressant drugs were randomly assigned to either cognitive behavior treatment of residual symptoms (supplemented by lifestyle modification and well-being therapy) or clinical management. In both groups, antidepressant drugs were tapered and discontinued. A 6-year follow-up was undertaken. During this period, no antidepressant drugs were used unless a relapse ensued.


RESULTS
Cognitive behavior treatment resulted in a significantly lower relapse rate (40%) at a 6-year follow-up than did clinical management (90%). When multiple recurrences were considered, the group that received cognitive behavior treatment had a significantly lower number of relapses in comparison with the clinical management group.


CONCLUSIONS
The results suggest that the sequential use of cognitive behavior treatment after pharmacotherapy may improve the long-term outcome in recurrent depression. A significant proportion of patients with recurrent depression might be able to withdraw from medication successfully and to stay well for at least 6 years with a focused course of psychotherapy.
MTT: The Maude Termination Tool (System Description)

Despite the remarkable development of the theory of termination of rewriting, its application to high-level programming languages is far from being optimal. This is due to the need for features such as conditional equations and rules, types and subtypes, (possibly programmable) strategies for controlling the execution, matching modulo axioms, and so on, that are used in many programs and tend to place such programs outside the scope of current termination tools.The operational meaning of such features is often formalized in a proof-theoretic manner by means of an inference system (see, e.g., [2, 3, 17]) rather than just by a rewriting relation. In particular, Generalized Rewrite Theories (GRT) [3] are a recent generalization of rewrite theories at the heart of the most recent formulation of Maude [4].
Comparison of transplacental treatment of fetal supraventricular tachyarrhythmias with digoxin, flecainide, and sotalol: results of a nonrandomized multicenter study.

BACKGROUND
Fetal tachyarrhythmia may result in low cardiac output and death. Consequently, antiarrhythmic treatment is offered in most affected pregnancies. We compared 3 drugs commonly used to control supraventricular tachycardia (SVT) and atrial flutter (AF).


METHODS AND RESULTS
We reviewed 159 consecutive referrals with fetal SVT (n=114) and AF (n=45). Of these, 75 fetuses with SVT and 36 with AF were treated nonrandomly with transplacental flecainide (n=35), sotalol (n=52), or digoxin (n=24) as a first-line agent. Prenatal treatment failure was associated with an incessant versus intermittent arrhythmia pattern (n=85; hazard ratio [HR]=3.1; P<0.001) and, for SVT, with fetal hydrops (n=28; HR=1.8; P=0.04). Atrial flutter had a lower rate of conversion to sinus rhythm before delivery than SVT (HR=2.0; P=0.005). Cardioversion at 5 and 10 days occurred in 50% and 63% of treated SVT cases, respectively, but in only 25% and 41% of treated AF cases. Sotalol was associated with higher rates of prenatal AF termination than digoxin (HR=5.4; P=0.05) or flecainide (HR=7.4; P=0.03). If incessant AF/SVT persisted to day 5 (n=45), median ventricular rates declined more with flecainide (-22%) and digoxin (-13%) than with sotalol (-5%; P<0.001). Flecainide (HR=2.1; P=0.02) and digoxin (HR=2.9; P=0.01) were also associated with a higher rate of conversion of fetal SVT to a normal rhythm over time. No serious drug-related adverse events were observed, but arrhythmia-related mortality was 5%.


CONCLUSION
Flecainide and digoxin were superior to sotalol in converting SVT to a normal rhythm and in slowing both AF and SVT to better-tolerated ventricular rates and therefore might be considered first to treat significant fetal tachyarrhythmia.
Modeling full-length video using Markov-modulated Gamma-based framework

All traffic models for MPEG-like encoded variable bit rate (VBR) video can be broadly categorized into 1) data-rate models (DRMs) and 2) frame-size models (FSMs). Almost all proposed VBR traffic models are DRMs. DRMs generate only data arrival rate, and are good for estimating average packet-loss and ATM buffer overflowing probabilities, but fail to identify such details as percentage of frames affected. FSMs generate sizes of individual MPEG frames, and are good for studying frame loss rate in addition to data loss rate. Among three previously proposed FSMs: 1) one generates frame sizes for full-length movies without preserving group-of-pictures (GOP) periodicity; 2) one generates VBR video traffic for news videos from scene content description provided to it; and 3) one generates frame sizes for full-length movies without preserving size-based video-segment transitions. In this paper, we propose two FSMs that generate frame sizes for full-length VBR videos preserving both GOP periodicity and size-based video-segment transitions.First, two-pass algorithms for analysis of full-length VBR videos are presented. After two-pass analysis, these algorithms identify size-based classes of video shots into which the GOPs are partitioned. Frames in each class produce three data sets, one each for I-, B-, and P-type frames. Each of these data sets is modeled with an axis-shifted Gamma distribution. Markov renewal processes model (size-based) video segment transitions. We have used QQ plots to show visual similarity of model-generated VBR video data sets with original data set. Leaky-bucket simulation study has been used to show similarity of data and frame loss rates between model-generated VBR videos and original video. Our study of frame-based VBR video revealed that even a low data-loss rate could affect a large fraction of I frames, causing a significant degradation of the quality of transmitted video.
Learning grasping points with shape context

This paper presents work on vision based robotic grasping. The proposed method adopts a learning framework where prototypical grasping points are learnt from several examples and then used on novel objects. For representation purposes, we apply the concept of shape context and for learning we use a supervised learning approach in which the classifier is trained with labelled synthetic images. We evaluate and compare the performance of linear and nonlinear classifiers. Our results show that a combination of a descriptor based on shape context with a non-linear classification algorithm leads to a stable detection of grasping points for a variety of objects.
Some map matching algorithms for personal navigation assistants

Third-generation personal navigation assistants (PNAs) (i.e., those that provide a map, the user's current location, and directions) must be able to reconcile the user's location with the underlying map. This process is known as map matching. Most existing research has focused on map matching when both the user's location and the map are known with a high degree of accuracy. However, there are many situations in which this is unlikely to be the case. Hence, this paper considers map matching algorithms that can be used to reconcile inaccurate locational data with an inaccurate map/network. Ó 2000 Published by Elsevier Science Ltd.
Rapid Data Acquisition System for Complex Algorithm Testing in Plastic Molding Industry

Injection molding is a very complicated process to monitor and control. With its high complexity and many process parameters, the optimization of these systems is a very challenging problem. To meet the requirements and costs demanded by the market, there has been an intense development and research with the aim to maintain the process under control. This paper outlines the latest advances in necessary algorithms for plastic injection process and monitoring, and also a flexible data acquisition system that allows rapid implementation of complex algorithms to assess their correct performance and can be integrated in the quality control process. This is the main topic of this paper. Finally, to demonstrate the performance achieved by this combination, a real case of use is presented. Keywords—Plastic injection, machine learning, rapid complex algorithm prototyping.
The 3dSOBS+ algorithm for moving object detection

We propose the 3dSOBS+ algorithm, a newly designed approach for moving object detection based on a neural background model automatically generated by a self-organizing method. The algorithm is able to accurately handle scenes containing moving backgrounds, gradual illumination variations, and shadows cast by moving objects, and is robust against false detections for different types of videos taken with stationary cameras. Experimental results and comparisons conducted on the Background Models Challenge benchmark dataset demonstrate the improvements achieved by the proposed algorithm, that compares well with the state-of-the-art methods. 2013 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
Fast fixed-point independent vector analysis algorithms for convolutive blind source separation

A new type of independent component analysis (ICA) model showed excellence in tackling the blind source separation problem in the frequency domain. The new model, called independent vector analysis, is an extension of ICA for (independent) multivariate sources where the sources are mixed component-wise. In this work we examine available contrasts for the new formulation that can solve the frequency-domain blind source separation problem. Also, we introduce a quadratic Taylor polynomial in the notations of complex variables which is very useful in directly applying Newton’s method to a contrast function of complex-valued variables. The use of the form makes the derivation of a Newton update rule simple and clear. Fast fixed-point blind source separation algorithms are derived and the performance is shown by experimental results. r 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
Decoction, infusion and hydroalcoholic extract of cultivated thyme: antioxidant and antibacterial activities, and phenolic characterisation.

Bioactivity of thyme has been described, but mostly related to its essential oils, while studies with aqueous extracts are scarce. Herein, the antioxidant and antibacterial properties of decoction, infusion and hydroalcoholic extract, as also their phenolic compounds, were evaluated and compared. Decoction showed the highest concentration of phenolic compounds (either phenolic acids or flavonoids), followed by infusion and hydroalcoholic extract. In general, the samples were effective against gram-positive (Staphylococcus aureus and Staphylococcus epidermidis) and gram-negative (Escherichia coli, Klebsiella spp., Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Enterococcus aerogenes, Proteus vulgaris and Enterobacter sakazakii) bacteria, with decoction presenting the most pronounced effect. This sample also displayed the highest radical scavenging activity and reducing power. Data obtained support the idea that compounds with strong antioxidant and antibacterial activities are also water-soluble. Furthermore, the use of thyme infusion and decoction, by both internal and external use, at recommended doses, is safe and no adverse reactions have been described.
Consistently implementing the field self-energy in Newtonian gravity

Abstract We consider alterations to Newtonian gravity satisfying the principle that all energies contribute to the active gravitational mass. We discuss earlier attempts and point out their inconsistency with this principle. A consistent prescription is derived and discussed.
Design, conduct, and analyses of Breast International Group (BIG) 1-98: a randomized, double-blind, phase-III study comparing letrozole and tamoxifen as adjuvant endocrine therapy for postmenopausal women with receptor-positive, early breast cancer.

BACKGROUND
Aromatase inhibitors provide superior disease control when compared with tamoxifen as adjuvant therapy for postmenopausal women with endocrine-responsive early breast cancer.


PURPOSE
To present the design, history, and analytic challenges of the Breast International Group (BIG) 1-98 trial: an international, multicenter, randomized, double-blind, phase-III study comparing the aromatase inhibitor letrozole with tamoxifen in this clinical setting.


METHODS
From 1998-2003, BIG 1-98 enrolled 8028 women to receive monotherapy with either tamoxifen or letrozole for 5 years, or sequential therapy of 2 years of one agent followed by 3 years of the other. Randomization to one of four treatment groups permitted two complementary analyses to be conducted several years apart. The first, reported in 2005, provided a head-to-head comparison of letrozole versus tamoxifen. Statistical power was increased by an enriched design, which included patients who were assigned sequential treatments until the time of the treatment switch. The second, reported in late 2008, used a conditional landmark approach to test the hypothesis that switching endocrine agents at approximately 2 years from randomization for patients who are disease-free is superior to continuing with the original agent.


RESULTS
The 2005 analysis showed the superiority of letrozole compared with tamoxifen. The patients who were assigned tamoxifen alone were unblinded and offered the opportunity to switch to letrozole. Results from other trials increased the clinical relevance about whether or not to start treatment with letrozole or tamoxifen, and analysis plans were expanded to evaluate sequential versus single-agent strategies from randomization.


LIMITATIONS
Due to the unblinding of patients assigned tamoxifen alone, analysis of updated data will require ascertainment of the influence of selective crossover from tamoxifen to letrozole.


CONCLUSIONS
BIG 1-98 is an example of an enriched design, involving complementary analyses addressing different questions several years apart, and subject to evolving analytic plans influenced by new data that emerge over time.