LLukas22/scidocs huggingface dataset:
Postconditioning reduces enzymatic infarct size and improves microvascular reperfusion in patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction.

OBJECTIVES
Postconditioning has been reported to reduce infarct size in ST-segment myocardial infarction (STEMI). However, recently, few other studies did not show any effect of postconditioning and suggested that it may be even harmful. We sought to assess whether postconditioning could reduce infarct size and improve myocardial reperfusion in early presenters with STEMI.


METHODS
72 STEMI patients treated with primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) were randomly assigned to either the postconditioning (n = 35) or the standard PCI group (control group; n = 37). Blood samples were obtained for creatine kinase (CK) and its MB isoform (CK-MB) within 36 h. The angiographic (myocardial blush grade, MBG) and electrocardiographic (ST-segment resolution, STR) data were evaluated and compared between groups.


RESULTS
The areas under the curve of CK and CK-MB release were significantly reduced in the postconditioning group compared with the control group (38,612.91 ± 25,028.42 vs. 60,547.30 ± 25,264.63 for CK and 5,498.23 ± 3,787.91 vs. 7,443.12 ± 3,561.13 for CK-MB, p < 0.0001). MBG was significantly better in the postconditioning group than in the control group (MBG 3: 82.3 vs. 47.1%, p = 0.0023). In the postconditioning group, STR >70% was more often observed (97.1 vs. 64.1%, p = 0.0007).


CONCLUSIONS
In patients with STEMI, postconditioning could significantly reduce enzymatic infarct size and improve myocardial reperfusion.
A decade of security research in ubiquitous computing: results of a systematic literature review

Purpose Ever since Mark Weiser coined the term “ubiquitous computing” (ubicomp) in 1988, there has been a general interest in proposing various solutions that would support his vision. However, attacks targeting devices and services of a ubicomp environment have demonstrated not only different privacy issues, but also a risk of endangering user’s life (e.g. by modifying medical sensor readings). Thus, the aim of this paper is to provide a comprehensive overview of security challenges of ubicomp environments and the corresponding countermeasures proposed over the last decade. Design/methodology/approach The results of this paper are based on a literature review method originally used in evidence-based medicine, called systematic literature review (SLR), which identifies, filters, classifies, and summarizes the findings. Findings Starting from the bibliometric results that clearly show an increasing interest in the topic of ubicomp security worldwide, the findings reveal specific types of attacks and vulnerabilities that have motivated the research over the last decade. This review describes most commonly proposed countermeasures context-aware access control and authentication mechanisms, cryptographic protocols that account for device’s resource constraints, privacy-preserving mechanisms, and trust mechanisms for wireless ad hoc and sensor networks. Originality/value To the best of our knowledge, this is the first SLR on security challenges in ubicomp. The findings should serve as a reference to an extensive list of scientific contributions, as well as a guiding point for the researchers novel to the security research in ubicomp.
Dental age estimation among children aged 5–14 years using the Demirjian method in Bosnia-Herzegovina

Adresa za dopisivanje Ivan Galić Dom zdravlja Splitsko-dalmatinske županije Stomatološka ordinacija – Kamenmost Kamenmost bb, 21262 Kamenmost Tel: +385 21 848 052 Fax: +385 21 848 052 igalic2@sfzg.hr Sažetak Određivanje dentalne dobi kod djece u razvoju važno je u pedodonciji, ortodonciji i forenzičnoj znanosti. Najčešće se primjenjuje postupak prema Demirjianu nastao na francusko-kanadskom uzorku djece 1973. godine na temelju Tanner-Whitehousova postupka (TW-a) procjene skeletne zrelosti. Svrha: Željela se ispitati točnost Demirjianova postupka za određivanje dentalne dobi kod djece u Bosni i Hercegovini (BiH). Ispitanici i postupci: Prilagođene Demirjianove tablice razvojnih stadija sedam zuba s lijeve strane mandibule iz 1976. godine ispitane su na ukupno 1106 panoramskih snimki bosansko-hercegovačke djece (597 djevojčica i 509 dječaka dobi od 5 do 14 godina). Nakon toga je T-testom za zavisne uzorke dentalna dob bila uspoređena s kronološkom. Rezultati: Razlika između dentalne i kronološke dobi bila je u rasponu od 0,60 do 2,17 godina kod djevojčica i 0,63 do 2,60 kod dječaka. Rezultati upozoravaju na precijenjenost dentalne dobi u usporedbi s Demirjianovim standardima iz 1976. Zaključak: Demirjianovi standardi za francusko-kanadsku djecu prema kojima se određuje dentalna dob nisu adekvatni za primjenu kod djece u Bosni i Hercegovini. Nužno je i dalje istraživati na većem uzorku i odrediti specifične standarde za određivanje dentalne dobi kod bosansko-hercegovačke djece. Ključne riječi dob; određivanje pomoću zuba; Forenzička stomatologija; radiologija, panoramska; Bosna i Hercegovina 1 Student doktorskog studija, Zavod za dentalnu antropologiju Stomatološkog fakulteta Sveučilišta u Zagrebu, Hrvatska PhD student, Department of Dental Anthropology School of Dental Medicine University of Zagreb, Croatia 2 Stomatološki fakultet Sveučilišta u Sarajevu, Bosna i Hercegovina School of Dental Medicine University of Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina Zdravstveni fakultet Sveučilišta u Zenici, Bosna i Hercegovina Faculty of health, University of Zenica, Bosnia and Herzegovina 4 Medicinski fakultet Sveučilišta u Banjaluci, Bosna i Hercegovina School of Medicine, University of Banja Luka, Bosnia and Herzegovina 5 Student doktorskog studija, Medicinski fakultet Sveučilišta u Zagrebu, Hrvatska PhD student, School of Medicine, University of Zagreb, Croatia
Evaluation of stroke volume variations obtained with the pressure recording analytic method.

OBJECTIVE
To investigate whether stroke volume variations obtained with the pressure recording analytic method can predict fluid responsiveness in mechanically ventilated patients with circulatory failure.


DESIGN
Prospective study.


SETTING
Surgical intensive care unit of a university hospital.


PATIENTS
Thirty-five mechanically ventilated patients with circulatory failure for whom the decision to give fluid was taken by the physician were included. Exclusion criteria were: Arrhythmia, tidal volume <8 mL/kg, left ventricular ejection fraction<50%, right ventricular dysfunction, and heart rate/respiratory rate ratio <3.6.


INTERVENTIONS
Fluid challenge with 500 mL of saline over 15 mins.


MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS
Stroke volume variations and cardiac output obtained with a pressure recording analytic method, pulse pressure variations, and cardiac output estimated by echocardiography were recorded before and after volume expansion. Patients were defined as responders if stroke volume obtained using echocardiography increased by ≥15% after volume expansion. Nineteen patients responded to the fluid challenge. Median [interquartile range, 25% to 75%] stroke volume variation values at baseline were not different in responders and nonresponders (10% [8-16] vs. 14% [12-16]), whereas pulse pressure variations were significantly higher in responders (17% [13-19] vs. 7% [5-10]; p < .0001). A 12.6% stroke volume variations threshold discriminated between responders and nonresponders with a sensitivity of 63% (95% confidence interval 38% to 84%) and a specificity of 69% (95% confidence interval 41% to 89%). A 10% pulse pressure variation threshold discriminated between responders and nonresponders with a sensitivity of 89% (95% confidence interval 67% to 99%) and a specificity of 88% (95% confidence interval 62% to 98%). The area under the receiver operating characteristic curves was different between pulse pressure variations (0.95; 95% confidence interval 0.82-0.99) and stroke volume variations (0.60; 95% confidence interval 0.43-0.76); p < .0001). Volume expansion-induced changes in cardiac output measured using echocardiography or pressure recording analytic method were not correlated (r = 0.14; p > .05) and the concordance rate of the direction of change in cardiac output was 60%.


CONCLUSION
Stroke volume variations obtained with a pressure recording analytic method cannot predict fluid responsiveness in intensive care unit patients under mechanical ventilation. Cardiac output measured by this device is not able to track changes in cardiac output induced by volume expansion.
Challenges for robot manipulation in human environments [Grand Challenges of Robotics]

The state of the art in and the future of robotics are discussed. The potential paths to the long-term vision of robots that work alongside people in homes and workplaces as useful, capable collaborators are discussed. Robot manipulation in human environments is expected to grow in the coming years as more researchers seek to create robots that actively help in the daily lives of people
Symbol Digit Modalities Test : Normative data for the Latin American Spanish speaking adult population

OBJECTIVE: To generate normative data on the Symbol Digit Modalities Test (SDMT) across 11 countries in Latin America, with country-specific adjustments for gender, age, and education, where appropriate. METHOD: The sample consisted of 3,977 healthy adults who were recruited from Argentina, Bolivia, Chile, Cuba, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, Mexico, Paraguay, Peru, and, Puerto Rico. Each subject was administered the SDMT as part of a larger neuropsychological battery. A standardized five-step statistical procedure was used to generate the norms. RESULTS: The final multiple linear regression models explained 29–56% of the variance in SDMT scores. Although there were gender differences on the SDMT in Mexico, Honduras, Paraguay, and Guatemala, none of the four countries had an effect size greater than 0.3. As a result, gender-adjusted norms were not generated. CONCLUSIONS: This is the first normative multicenter study conducted in Latin America to create norms for the SDMT; this study will have an impact on the future practice of neuropsychology throughout the global region.
Nearpoint of convergence: test procedure, target selection, and normative data.

BACKGROUND
The purpose of this study was to help determine the most appropriate target to be used for the assessment of the nearpoint of convergence, normative data for the break and recovery in adults, and the diagnostic value of the red-glass modification and repetition of the nearpoint of convergence.


METHODS
A total of 175 subjects with normal binocular vision and 38 subjects with convergence insufficiency were evaluated. The nearpoint of convergence was measured three ways, with an accommodative target, a penlight, and a penlight with red and green glasses. The nearpoint of convergence was also measured using a penlight for 10 repetitions.


RESULTS
Results suggest a clinical cutoff value of 5 cm for the nearpoint of convergence break and 7 cm for the nearpoint of convergence recovery with either an accommodative target or a penlight with red and green glasses.


CONCLUSION
This study establishes normative data for the nearpoint of convergence break and recovery in the adult population and supports the value of various test modifications when other testing is equivocal.
Additional injuries in young infants with concern for abuse and apparently isolated bruises.

OBJECTIVE
To determine the prevalence of additional injuries or bleeding disorders in a large population of young infants evaluated for abuse because of apparently isolated bruising.


STUDY DESIGN
This was a prospectively planned secondary analysis of an observational study of children<10 years (120 months) of age evaluated for possible physical abuse by 20 US child abuse teams. This analysis included infants<6 months of age with apparently isolated bruising who underwent diagnostic testing for additional injuries or bleeding disorders.


RESULTS
Among 2890 children, 33.9% (980/2890) were <6 months old, and 25.9% (254/980) of these had bruises identified. Within this group, 57.5% (146/254) had apparently isolated bruises at presentation. Skeletal surveys identified new injury in 23.3% (34/146), neuroimaging identified new injury in 27.4% (40/146), and abdominal injury was identified in 2.7% (4/146). Overall, 50% (73/146) had at least one additional serious injury. Although testing for bleeding disorders was performed in 70.5% (103/146), no bleeding disorders were identified. Ultimately, 50% (73/146) had a high perceived likelihood of abuse.


CONCLUSIONS
Infants younger than 6 months of age with bruising prompting subspecialty consultation for abuse have a high risk of additional serious injuries. Routine medical evaluation for young infants with bruises and concern for physical abuse should include physical examination, skeletal survey, neuroimaging, and abdominal injury screening.
Risk Score to Predict 1-Year Mortality after Haemodialysis Initiation in Patients with Stage 5 Chronic Kidney Disease under Predialysis Nephrology Care

BACKGROUND
Few risk scores are available for predicting mortality in chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients undergoing predialysis nephrology care. Here, we developed a risk score using predialysis nephrology practice data to predict 1-year mortality following the initiation of haemodialysis (HD) for CKD patients.


METHODS
This was a multicenter cohort study involving CKD patients who started HD between April 2006 and March 2011 at 21 institutions with nephrology care services. Patients who had not received predialysis nephrology care at an estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) of approximately 10 mL/min per 1.73 m2 were excluded. Twenty-nine candidate predictors were selected, and the final model for 1-year mortality was developed via multivariate logistic regression and was internally validated by a bootstrapping technique.


RESULTS
A total of 688 patients were enrolled, and 62 (9.0%) patients died within one year of HD initiation. The following variables were retained in the final model: eGFR, serum albumin, calcium, Charlson Comorbidity Index excluding diabetes and renal disease (modified CCI), performance status (PS), and usage of erythropoiesis-stimulating agent (ESA). Their β-coefficients were transformed into integer scores: three points were assigned to modified CCI≥3 and PS 3-4; two to calcium>8.5 mg/dL, modified CCI 1-2, and no use of ESA; and one to albumin<3.5 g/dL, eGFR>7 mL/min per 1.73 m2, and PS 1-2. Predicted 1-year mortality risk was 2.5% (score 0-4), 5.5% (score 5-6), 15.2% (score 7-8), and 28.9% (score 9-12). The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve was 0.83 (95% confidence interval, 0.79-0.89).


CONCLUSIONS
We developed a simple 6-item risk score predicting 1-year mortality after the initiation of HD that might help nephrologists make a shared decision with patients and families regarding the initiation of HD.
Intrasacral rod fixation for pediatric long spinal fusion: results of a prospective study with a minimum 5-year follow-up.

BACKGROUND
Lumbosacral fusion is often needed in cases of pediatric neuromuscular spinal deformities. Despite the numerous fixation techniques described, the procedure remains challenging. Jackson has described a method of intrasacral fixation providing immediate 3-dimensional stability and promising clinical results. The purpose of this study was to report our experience with long spinal fusion using Jackson intrasacral fixation in pediatric patients.


METHODS
All patients with at least 5 years of follow-up were reviewed. No brace was used postoperatively. Clinical data and radiographs were collected and analyzed preoperatively, postoperatively, and at latest follow-up. Intraoperative and postoperative complications were reported. Paired t test was used for statistical analysis.


RESULTS
Fifty-six patients were included. The average age at surgery was 15.3 years. Mean follow-up period was 10.3 years and no patient was lost to follow-up. All radiographic parameters (frontal balance, frontal Cobb angle of the primary curve, iliolumbar angle, pelvic obliquity, sagittal balance, lumbosacral lordosis, and sacral slope) were significantly improved postoperatively (P<0.001), without significant loss of correction at latest follow-up. Four early infections, 1 pressure sore, and 4 cases of radicular pain, which resolved without intervention, were reported postoperatively. At latest follow-up, no patient complained of lumbar pain, and neither ambulatory status nor activity level ability worsened in any case. Sixteen of the 20 patients who needed a sitting orthosis preoperatively achieved a functional sitting posture without bracing.


CONCLUSIONS
Jackson fixation is a safe and reliable technique providing immediate stability. In our series, no mechanical complication occurred and no loss of correction was observed, despite immediate unprotected mobilization. The method provides reliable good sacral fixation for pediatric neuromuscular spinal deformities, especially when the correction of severe pelvic obliquity is necessary.


LEVEL OF EVIDENCE
This consecutive series provides level IV evidence.
A self-awareness approach to computer-mediated communication

Many explanations of both proand anti-social behaviors in computer-mediated communication (CMC) appear to hinge on changes in individual self-awareness. In spite of this, little research has been devoted to understanding the effects of self-awareness in CMC. To fill this void, this study examined the effects of individuals public and private self-awareness in anonymous, time-restricted, and synchronous CMC. Two experiments were conducted. A pilot experiment tested and confirmed the effectiveness of using a Web camera combined with an alleged online audience to enhance users public self-awareness. In the main study users private and public self-awareness were manipulated in a crossed 2 · 2 factorial design. Pairs of participants completed a Desert Survival Problem via a synchronous, text-only chat program. After the task, they evaluated each other on intimacy, task/social orientation, formality, politeness, attraction, and group identification. The results suggest that a lack of private and public self-awareness does not automatically lead to impersonal tendencies in CMC as deindividuation perspectives of CMC would argue. Moreover, participants in this study were able to form favorable impressions in a completely anonymous environment based on brief interaction, which lends strong support to the idealization proposed by hyperpersonal theory. Findings are used to modify and extend current theoretical perspectives on CMC. 2004 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Characterization and Optimization of Orodispersible Mosapride Film Formulations

Orodispersible film (ODF) technology offers new possibilities for drug delivery by providing the advantages of oral delivery coupled with the enhanced onset of action and convenience to special patient categories such as pediatrics and geriatrics. In this study, mosapride (MOS) was formulated in an ODF preparation that can be used for treatment of patients who suffer from gastrointestinal disorders, especially difficulty in swallowing due to gastroesophageal reflux disease. Poloxamer 188 was used to solubilize MOS to allow its incorporation into the film matrix. The films were prepared by solvent-casting method using different polymer ratios of maltodextrin and hydroxypropyl methylcellulose and plasticizer levels of glycerol and propylene glycol. A D-optimal design was utilized to study the effect of polymer ratio, plasticizer type, and level on film mechanical properties, disintegration time, and dissolution rate. Statistical analysis of the experimental design showed that the increase of maltodextrin fraction and plasticizer level conferred optimum attributes to the prepared films in terms of film elasticity, film disintegration time, and MOS release rate. The ODF formulations were further tested for moisture sorption capacity, with formulations containing a higher ratio of maltodextrin and percent plasticizer showing more moisture uptake. The optimum film composition was also tested in vivo for film palatability and disintegration time. An optimized mosapride orodispersible film formulation was achieved that could be of benefit to patients suffering from gastrointestinal disorders.
Analysis on Wireless Power Transmission using different Electromagnetic Fields

In this paper, the analysis for data collected for wireless power transmission modules through both alternating magnetic field and discontinuous direct electromagnetic field are presented. The comparison of wireless power transmission range, total transferred power as well as efficiency between two different wireless power transmission modules where, one is using alternating electromagnetic field and another one is using discontinuous direct electromagnetic field to transfer electrical power wirelessly, are presented keeping the transmitter coil and receiver coil identical as well as keeping applied voltage same in both cases. All the collected data are presented in both tabular format and graphical format. The input and output waveforms in case of both electromagnetic fields are also been analyzed in this paper.
18F-FDG PET after 2 cycles of ABVD predicts event-free survival in early and advanced Hodgkin lymphoma.

UNLABELLED
Our objective was to assess the prognostic value of (18)F-FDG PET after 2 cycles of chemotherapy using doxorubicin, bleomycin, vinblastine, and dacarbazine (ABVD) in Hodgkin lymphoma (HL) patients overall and in subgroups of patients with early and advanced stages and with low and high risks according to the International Prognostic Score (IPS).


METHODS
One hundred fifteen patients with newly diagnosed HL were prospectively included in the study. All underwent standard ABVD therapy followed by consolidation radiotherapy in cases of bulky disease. After 2 cycles of ABVD, the patients were evaluated with PET (PET2). Prognostic analysis compared the 3-y event-free survival (EFS) rate to the PET2 results, clinical data, and IPS.


RESULTS
Of the 104 evaluated patients, 93 achieved complete remission after first-line therapy. During a median follow-up of 36 mo, relapse or disease progression was seen in 22 patients. Treatment failure was seen in 16 of the 30 PET2-positive patients and in only 6 of the 74 PET2-negative patients. PET2 was the only significant prognostic factor. The 3-y EFS was 53.4% for PET2-positive patients and 90.5% for PET2-negative ones (P < 0.001). When patients were categorized according to low or high IPS risk and according to early or advanced stage of disease, PET2 was also significantly associated with treatment outcome.


CONCLUSION
PET2 is an accurate and independent predictor of EFS in HL. A negative interim (18)F-FDG PET result is highly predictive of treatment success in overall HL patients, as well as in subgroups with early or advanced-stage disease and with low or high IPS risk.