LLukas22/scidocs huggingface dataset:
Thioredoxin, a novel oxidative stress marker and cognitive performance in chronic and medicated schizophrenia versus healthy controls

Oxidative stress-induced damage to neurons may contribute to cognitive deficits during aging and in neurodegenerative disorders. Schizophrenia has a range of cognitive deficits that may evolve from oxidative stress. Thioredoxin (TRX), a redox-regulating protein with antioxidant activity recognized as an oxidative-stress marker has recently been found to be involved in pathogenesis and psychopathology of schizophrenia. The aim of this study was to examine the association of TRX with cognitive deficits in schizophrenia. We recruited 45 chronic schizophrenic patients and 66 healthy control subjects and examined the Repeatable Battery for the Assessment of Neuropsychological Status (RBANS) and serum TRX in both groups. Schizophrenic symptoms were assessed using the positive and negative syndrome scale (PANSS). We found no significant difference in TRX levels between patients and healthy controls. Cognitive scores on the RBANS and four of its five subscales (all p<0.001) except for the Visuospatial/Constructional index (p>0.05) were significantly lower in schizophrenic patients than normal controls. For the patients, TRX was inversely associated with the Attention domain of cognitive deficits in schizophrenia; however, TRX was positively associated with Attention in controls. The significantly lower TRX levels in attention impaired schizophrenia compared to controls suggest that oxidative stress may be involved in the cognitive impairment, especially attention in schizophrenia. The differential association of TRX and cognitive performance in schizophrenia and controls may be related to the impaired oxidative stress status of schizophrenia patients.
Retreating chronic hepatitis C with daily interferon alfacon-1/ribavirin after nonresponse to pegylated interferon/ribavirin: DIRECT results.

UNLABELLED
Up to 50% of patients with chronic hepatitis C fail to respond to initial therapy with pegylated interferon (PEG-IFN) and ribavirin (RBV). With unsuccessful viral eradication, these patients remain at risk for developing progression of their liver disease. Retreatment with PEG-IFN/RBV yields sustained virologic response (SVR) rates that are under 10%. A wholly synthetic interferon, interferon alfacon-1 or consensus interferon (CIFN) given with RBV, was evaluated in patients who failed initial PEG-IFN/RBV therapy. The intent-to-treat analysis included 487 patients; 245 received CIFN 9 microg/day and RBV, and 242 received CIFN 15 microg/day and RBV. Within this group of patients, 59.3% had documented advanced fibrosis at baseline liver biopsy (stage F3 or F4). SVR rates were 6.9% (17/245 patients) in the 9 microg group and 10.7% (26/242) in the 15 microg group. In the intent-to-treat analysis, SVR rates were higher among patients with a >2-log(10) decrease in hepatitis C virus RNA during prior PEG-IFN/RBV therapy: 11% (4/38) in the 9 mug group and 23% (7/31) in the 15 microg group. Among patients with lower baseline fibrosis scores (F0-F3), SVR rates were 7.8% (15/192) in the 9 microg group and 13.1% (23/175) in the 15 microg group. In this same group of patients (F0-F3), if a >2-log(10) decrease in hepatitis C virus RNA with previous PEG-IFN/RBV treatment was achieved, SVR rates improved to 10.7% and 31.6% in the 9 microg and 15 microg groups, respectively. CIFN/RBV combination retreatment was safe and well tolerated.


CONCLUSION
Retreatment of PEG-IFN and RBV nonresponders with CIFN and RBV is safe and efficacious and can be considered a retreatment strategy for patients failing previous therapy with PEG-IFN/RBV, especially in interferon-sensitive patients with lower baseline fibrosis scores.
A Compact Quad Element Slotted Ground Wideband Antenna for MIMO Applications

A compact planar quad element wideband antenna for multiple-input-multiple-output (MIMO) system is proposed in this communication. A single element consists of a partially grounded printed monopole antenna loaded with a split ring resonator. The bandwidth of the antenna is from 2.2 to 6.28 GHz (96.2%), which covers LTE (2.2-3.8 GHz), Bluetooth (2.4 GHz), WLAN (2.4 and 5.1-5.8 GHz), WiMAX (2.3-5.7 GHz), and ISM bands (2.4/5.2/5.8 GHz). The fabricated antenna has an isolation greater than 14 dB between its elements, with a peak gain of 4 dBi and a peak efficiency of 91%. Polarization diversity is employed to accommodate four elements in an FR4 substrate, with an overall dimension of 0.33λ × 0.33λ × 0.01λ. The antenna has a simple planar design which is easy to fabricate with no intricate process involved.
Detecting stock-price manipulation in an emerging market: The case of Turkey

0957-4174/$ see front matter 2009 Elsevier Ltd. A doi:10.1016/j.eswa.2009.03.065 * Corresponding author. Tel.: +90 3122924218. E-mail addresses: hogut@etu.edu.tr (H. Öğüt) (M. Mete Doğanay), raktas@etu.edu.tr (R. Aktas ). This paper aims to develop methods that are capable of detecting manipulation in the Istanbul Stock Exchange. We take the difference between manipulated stock’s and index’s average daily return, average daily change in trading volume and average daily volatility and used these statistics as explanatory variables. The data in post-manipulation and pre-manipulation periods are used as non-manipulated instances while the data in the manipulation period are used as manipulated instances. Test performance of classification accuracy, sensitivity and specificity statistics for Artificial Neural Networks (ANN) and Support Vector Machine (SVM) are compared with the results of discriminant analysis and logistics regression (logit). We found that the data mining techniques (ANN and SVM) are better suited to detect stock-price manipulation than multivariate statistical techniques (discriminant analysis, logistics regression) as the performances of the data mining techniques in terms of total classification accuracy and sensitivity statistics are better than those of multivariate techniques. We also found that unit change in difference between average daily return of manipulated stock and the index has the largest effect while unit change in difference between average daily change in trading volume of manipulated stock and index has the least effect on multivariate classifiers’ decision functions. 2009 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Evaluations of the uptake and impact of the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) Statement and extensions: a scoping review

BACKGROUND
The PRISMA Statement is a reporting guideline designed to improve transparency of systematic reviews (SRs) and meta-analyses. Seven extensions to the PRISMA Statement have been published to address the reporting of different types or aspects of SRs, and another eight are in development. We performed a scoping review to map the research that has been conducted to evaluate the uptake and impact of the PRISMA Statement and extensions. We also synthesised studies evaluating how well SRs published after the PRISMA Statement was disseminated adhere to its recommendations.


METHODS
We searched for meta-research studies indexed in MEDLINE® from inception to 31 July 2017, which investigated some component of the PRISMA Statement or extensions (e.g. SR adherence to PRISMA, journal endorsement of PRISMA). One author screened all records and classified the types of evidence available in the studies. We pooled data on SR adherence to individual PRISMA items across all SRs in the included studies and across SRs published after 2009 (the year PRISMA was disseminated).


RESULTS
We included 100 meta-research studies. The most common type of evidence available was data on SR adherence to the PRISMA Statement, which has been evaluated in 57 studies that have assessed 6487 SRs. The pooled results of these studies suggest that reporting of many items in the PRISMA Statement is suboptimal, even in the 2382 SRs published after 2009 (where nine items were adhered to by fewer than 67% of SRs). Few meta-research studies have evaluated the adherence of SRs to the PRISMA extensions or strategies to increase adherence to the PRISMA Statement and extensions.


CONCLUSIONS
Many studies have evaluated how well SRs adhere to the PRISMA Statement, and the pooled result of these suggest that reporting of many items is suboptimal. An update of the PRISMA Statement, along with a toolkit of strategies to help journals endorse and implement the updated guideline, may improve the transparency of SRs.
An empirical study of the important factors for knowledge-management adoption in the SME sector

Purpose – To investigate the critical success factors (CSFs) for adopting knowledge management (KM) in small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) – an area that has, to date, received very little attention in the literature. Design/methodology/approach – A survey instrument comprising 11 factors and 66 elements was developed. Through a postal survey, data were sought from SMEs in the UK. A parallel one was also administered to a group of academics, consultants and practitioners in the KM field in order to provide a more holistic view of the CSFs. Findings – The survey instrument was shown to be both reliable and valid. Pertinent statistical analyses were then performed. By integrating the results from both groups of respondents, a prioritised list of CSFs, in order of importance for implementing KM, was generated. Research limitations/implications – The number of responses received was rather small since KM is a new and emerging discipline, and not many SMEs have formally implemented it. Practical implications – The results of this study would help SMEs to better understand the KM discipline, to facilitate its adoption and to prioritise its practices. Academics can use the results to build models that would further expand the KM domain. Originality/value – This study is probably the first to systematically determine the CSFs for KM implementation in the SME sector. It offers a beneficial source of information to SMEs, which are still lagging far behind when it comes to KM practices.
Pre-Engineering Program of Study

This is a sample program of study for students in the pre-engineering program. Before registering for pre-engineering classes, please consult your advisor.
An Energy-interference-free Hardware-Software Debugger for Intermittent Energy-harvesting Systems

Energy-autonomous computing devices have the potential to extend the reach of computing to a scale beyond either wired or battery-powered systems. However, these devices pose a unique set of challenges to application developers who lack both hardware and software support tools. Energy harvesting devices experience power intermittence which causes the system to reset and power-cycle unpredictably, tens to hundreds of times per second. This can result in code execution errors that are not possible in continuously-powered systems and cannot be diagnosed with conventional debugging tools such as JTAG and/or oscilloscopes. We propose the Energy-interference-free Debugger, a hardware and software platform for monitoring and debugging intermittent systems without adversely effecting their energy state. The Energy-interference-free Debugger re-creates a familiar debugging environment for intermittent software and augments it with debugging primitives for effective diagnosis of intermittence bugs. Our evaluation of the Energy-interference-free Debugger quantifies its energy-interference-freedom and shows its value in a set of debugging tasks in complex test programs and several real applications, including RFID code and a machine-learning-based activity recognition system.
Comparative Study of Classification Algorithms used in Sentiment Analysis

The field of information extraction and retrieval has grown exponentially in the last decade. Sentiment analysis is a task in which you identify the polarity of given text using text processing and classification. There are various approaches in the task of classification of text into various classes. Use of particular algorithms depends on the kind of input provided. Analyzing and understanding when to use which algorithm is an important aspect and can help in improving accuracy of results. Keywords— Sentiment Analysis, Classification Algorithms, Naïve Bayes, Max Entropy, Boosted Trees, Random Forest.
Non endoscopic endonasal dacryocystorhinostomy versus external dacryocystorhinostomy.

AIMS AND OBJECTIVES
To compare the success rates of non endoscopic endonasal dacryocystorhinostomy and conventional external dacryocystorhinostomy for the surgical management of primary acquired nasolacrimal duct obstruction.


MATERIAL AND METHODS
A retrospective, nonrandomized, comparative interventional case series of 302 patients who underwent either endonasal or external dacryocystorhinostomy over a period of 2 years. All surgeries were performed by a single surgeon and patients with primary nasolacrimal duct obstruction with a minimum of 6 months post operative follow up were included in the study. While external dacryocystorhinostomy was performed using traditional technique, endonasal dacryocystorhinostomy was performed using direct method of nonendoscopic visualization.


RESULTS
Of the 302 cases included in the study 165 patients had endonasal dacryocystorhinostomy whereas 137 underwent external dacryocystorhinostomy. Success was defined by resolution of symptoms of tearing, a negative fluorescein dye disappearance test and patency of the canalicular system on lacrimal irrigation. In the external dacryocystorhinostomy group 124 (90.5%) patients had surgical success whereas 146 (88.5%) of the endonasal dacryocystorhinostomy patients had successful outcome. The overall success rate was 89.4%, and the difference of surgical success between the two groups was not statistically significant ( P=0.57).


CONCLUSION
Non endoscopic endonasal dacryocystorhinostomy gives surgical results comparable to those of external dacryocystorhinostomy and is a viable alternative where dacryocystorhinostomy is indicated for primary acquired nasolacrimal duct obstruction.
To Kill Everyone or To Be Angry to Death

Solitary protests against a global enemy, as well as large collective protests, invite us to question the dream of vengeance in our contemporary societies.
An algebraic approach to IP traceback

We present a new solution to the problem of determining the path a packet traversed over the Internet (called the traceback problem) during a denial-of-service attack. This article reframes the traceback problem as a polynomial reconstruction problem and uses algebraic techniques from coding theory and learning theory to provide robust methods of transmission and reconstruction.
Retinal imaging by laser polarimetry and optical coherence tomography evidence of axonal degeneration in multiple sclerosis.

BACKGROUND
Optical coherence tomography (OCT) and scanning laser polarimetry with variable corneal compensation (GDx) are similar yet provide information on different aspects of retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) structure (thickness values similar to histology for OCT vs birefringence of microtubules for GDx).


OBJECTIVES
To compare the ability of OCT and GDx to distinguish eyes of patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) from eyes of disease-free controls and thus identify RNFL abnormalities. We also sought to examine the capacity of these techniques to distinguish MS eyes from those without a history of optic neuritis and to correlate with visual function.


DESIGN
Cross-sectional study.


SETTING
Academic tertiary care MS center.


PARTICIPANTS
Eighty patients with MS (155 eyes) and 43 disease-free controls (85 eyes) underwent both OCT and GDx imaging using protocols that measure RNFL thickness.


MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES
Areas under the curve (AUC), adjusted for within-patient, intereye correlations, were used to compare the abilities of OCT and GDx temporal-superior-nasal-inferior-temporal average RNFL thicknesses to discriminate between MS and control eyes and to distinguish MS eyes with a history of optic neuritis. Visual function was evaluated using low-contrast letter acuity and high-contrast visual acuity.


RESULTS
Average peripapillary RNFL thickness (360 degrees around the optic disc) was reduced in patients with MS compared with controls for both methods. Age-adjusted AUC did not differ between OCT (0.80; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.72-0.88) and GDx (0.78; 95% CI, 0.68-0.86; P = .38). Optical coherence tomography-measured RNFL thickness was somewhat better at distinguishing MS eyes with a history of optic neuritis from those without (OCT: AUC, 0.73; 95% CI, 0.64-0.82; GDx: AUC, 0.66; 95% CI, 0.57-0.66; P = .17). Linear correlations of RNFL thickness for OCT vs GDx were significant yet moderate (r = 0.67, P < .001); RNFL thickness measures correlated moderately and significantly with low-contrast acuity (OCT: r = 0.54, P < .001; GDx: r = 0.55, P < .001) and correlated less with high-contrast visual acuity (OCT: r = 0.44, P < .001; GDx: r = 0.32, P < .001).


CONCLUSIONS
Scanning laser polarimetry with variable corneal compensation measurements of RNFL thickness corroborates OCT evidence of visual pathway axonal loss in MS and provides new insight into structural aspects of axonal loss that relate to RNFL birefringence (microtubule integrity). These results support validity for RNFL thickness as a marker for axonal degeneration and support use of these techniques in clinical trials that examine neuroprotective and other disease-modifying therapies.
Medial knee injury: Part 1, static function of the individual components of the main medial knee structures.

BACKGROUND
There is a lack of knowledge on the primary and secondary static stabilizing functions of the posterior oblique ligament (POL), the proximal and distal divisions of the superficial medial collateral ligament (sMCL), and the meniscofemoral and meniscotibial portions of the deep medial collateral ligament (MCL).


HYPOTHESIS
Identification of the primary and secondary stabilizing functions of the individual components of the main medial knee structures will provide increased knowledge of the medial knee ligamentous stability.


STUDY DESIGN
Descriptive laboratory study.


METHODS
Twenty-four cadaveric knees were equally divided into 3 groups with unique sequential sectioning sequences of the POL, sMCL (proximal and distal divisions), and deep MCL (meniscofemoral and meniscotibial portions). A 6 degree of freedom electromagnetic tracking system monitored motion after application of valgus loads (10 N.m) and internal and external rotation torques (5 N.m) at 0 degrees , 20 degrees , 30 degrees , 60 degrees , and 90 degrees of knee flexion.


RESULTS
The primary valgus stabilizer was the proximal division of the sMCL. The primary external rotation stabilizer was the distal division of the sMCL at 30 degrees of knee flexion. The primary internal rotation stabilizers were the POL and the distal division of the sMCL at all tested knee flexion angles, the meniscofemoral portion of the deep MCL at 20 degrees , 60 degrees , and 90 degrees of knee flexion, and the meniscotibial portion of the deep MCL at 0 degrees and 30 degrees of knee flexion.


CONCLUSION
An intricate relationship exists among the main medial knee structures and their individual components for static function to applied loads.


CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE
Interpretation of clinical knee motion testing following medial knee injuries will improve with the information in this study. Significant increases in external rotation at 30 degrees of knee flexion were found with all medial knee structures sectioned, which indicates that a positive dial test may be found not only for posterolateral knee injuries but also for medial knee injuries.
Ketamine administration in healthy volunteers reproduces aberrant agency experiences associated with schizophrenia

INTRODUCTION
Aberrant experience of agency is characteristic of schizophrenia. An understanding of the neurobiological basis of such experience is therefore of considerable importance for developing successful models of the disease. We aimed to characterise the effects of ketamine, a drug model for psychosis, on sense of agency (SoA). SoA is associated with a subjective compression of the temporal interval between an action and its effects: This is known as "intentional binding". This action-effect binding provides an indirect measure of SoA. Previous research has found that the magnitude of binding is exaggerated in patients with schizophrenia. We therefore investigated whether ketamine administration to otherwise healthy adults induced a similar pattern of binding.


METHODS
14 right-handed healthy participants (8 female; mean age 22.4 years) were given low-dose ketamine (100 ng/mL plasma) and completed the binding task. They also underwent structured clinical interviews.


RESULTS
Ketamine mimicked the performance of schizophrenia patients on the intentional binding task, significantly increasing binding relative to placebo. The size of this effect also correlated with aberrant bodily experiences engendered by the drug.


CONCLUSIONS
These data suggest that ketamine may be able to mimic certain aberrant agency experiences that characterise schizophrenia. The link to individual changes in bodily experience suggests that the fundamental change produced by the drug has wider consequences in terms of individuals' experiences of their bodies and movements.
The septum subcutaneum parotideomassetericum.

BACKGROUND
The fatty tissue of the face is divided into compartments. The structures delimiting these compartments help shape the face, are involved in aging, and are encountered during surgical procedures.


OBJECTIVE
To study the border between the lateral-temporal and the middle cheek fat compartments of the face.


METHODS & MATERIALS
We studied 40 human cadaver heads with gross dissections and macroscopic and histological sections. Gelatin was injected into the subcutaneous tissues of 35 heads.


RESULTS
A sheet of connective tissue, comparable to a septum, was consistently found between the lateral-temporal and the middle compartments. We call this structure the septum subcutaneum parotideomassetericum.


CONCLUSION
There is a distinct septum between the lateral-temporal and the middle fat compartments of the face.
Moderate-intensity aerobic training program improves insulin sensitivity and inflammatory markers in a pilot study of morbidly obese minority teens.

UNLABELLED
We initiated a pilot study to investigate the effects of 8 wks of aerobic exercise training (ET) on insulin sensitivity and inflammatory markers in obese and insulin-resistant minority adolescents. Eleven morbidly obese (BMI 41.4 ± 1.8 kg/m2) minority adolescents were entered into a supervised ET intervention (~180 min/wk at 40-55%VO2PeakR [(VO2Peak-VO2Rest)/VO2Rest]). The effects of training on insulin sensitivity (SI), inflammation and other metabolic syndrome features were examined.


RESULTS
Insulin action improved in response to training, as indicated by a ~37% increase in SI (p = .018). Plasma levels of several proinflammatory cytokines were reduced in response to ET, as indicated by significant decrements in sTNF-R, CCL2, MPO, IL-6, resistin, and leptin, with no significant changes in hsCRP. ET induced reductions in BMI and percent total body fat.


CONCLUSIONS
The present study supports the efficacy of ET interventions on metabolic syndrome features in morbidly obese minority youth.