LLukas22/scidocs huggingface dataset:
FRACTIONAL DIFFERENTIAL EQUATIONS IN BANACH SPACES

This paper deals with some impulsive fractional differential equations in Banach spaces. Utilizing the Leray-Schauder fixed point theorem and the impulsive nonlinear singular version of the Gronwall inequality, the existence of PC-mild solutions for some fractional differential equations with impulses are obtained under some easily checked conditions. At last, an example is given for demonstration.
Flexible and transparent organic film speaker by using highly conducting PEDOT / PSS as electrode

Flexible organic film speaker (FOFS) was fabricated with ion-assisted-reaction (IAR) treated poly(vinylidene fluoide) (PVDF) as active layer and poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene)/poly(4-styrenesulfonate) (PEDOT/PSS), indium tin oxide (ITO), or copper (Cu) as electrode. The PEDOT/PSS materials were screen printed on the PVDF surface. The dc conductivity ( σdc) of pristine PEDOT/PSS increases from 0.8 to∼80 S/cm by adding various organic solvents. The sound pressure level (SPL) of PVDF-based FOFS with a highly conducting PEDOT/PSS (dimethyl sulfoxide, DMSO) electrode is 27 dB higher than that with a low conducting PEDOT/PSS (H 2O) at 1 kHz. The highly conducting PEDOT/PSS (DMSO) as electrode is more suitable to PVDF-based FOFS compared to Cu or ITO because of the stable and more flat SPL, the flexibility, easy patterning, and coating process. © 2003 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.
The National Trauma Registry as a Canadian spine trauma database: a validation study using an institutional clinical database.

BACKGROUND
Miscoding is a common source of error in population-based registries. Given this, we performed a validation study comparing the Canadian National Trauma Registry (NTR) data based on the 10th Revision of the International Classification of Diseases coding with clinical data from an institutional database.


METHODS
All patients with acute spine trauma who were admitted to Toronto Western Hospital from May 2003 to April 2007 were included. Accuracy, sensitivity and specificity were estimated having chart data abstraction as the gold standard.


RESULTS
There were 92 patients with spine trauma (50 males, 42 females; ages from 16 to 102 years). The use of the NTR as a spine trauma database has an accuracy of 87%, sensitivity of 89.8% and specificity of 25%. If the same database is considered as a spinal cord injury (complete motor injury) database, there will be a decrease in the precision with an accuracy of 32.6%, sensitivity of 81.3% and specificity of 6.7%.


CONCLUSIONS
Our results indicate that the NTR may be relatively more precise when used as a database of spine trauma in comparison with its use as a spinal cord injury database. However, the low specificity suggests that the NTR should be comprehensively validated using data from the other institutions that contribute with data collection for the NTR.
Multiple sclerosis after infectious mononucleosis.

BACKGROUND
Infectious mononucleosis caused by the Epstein-Barr virus has been associated with increased risk of multiple sclerosis. However, little is known about the characteristics of this association.


OBJECTIVE
To assess the significance of sex, age at and time since infectious mononucleosis, and attained age to the risk of developing multiple sclerosis after infectious mononucleosis.


DESIGN
Cohort study using persons tested serologically for infectious mononucleosis at Statens Serum Institut, the Danish Civil Registration System, the Danish National Hospital Discharge Register, and the Danish Multiple Sclerosis Registry.


SETTING
Statens Serum Institut.


PATIENTS
A cohort of 25 234 Danish patients with mononucleosis was followed up for the occurrence of multiple sclerosis beginning on April 1, 1968, or January 1 of the year after the diagnosis of mononucleosis or after a negative Paul-Bunnell test result, respectively, whichever came later and ending on the date of multiple sclerosis diagnosis, death, emigration, or December 31, 1996, whichever came first.


MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE
The ratio of observed to expected multiple sclerosis cases in the cohort (standardized incidence ratio).


RESULTS
A total of 104 cases of multiple sclerosis were observed during 556,703 person-years of follow-up, corresponding to a standardized incidence ratio of 2.27 (95% confidence interval, 1.87-2.75). The risk of multiple sclerosis was persistently increased for more than 30 years after infectious mononucleosis and uniformly distributed across all investigated strata of sex and age. The relative risk of multiple sclerosis did not vary by presumed severity of infectious mononucleosis.


CONCLUSIONS
The risk of multiple sclerosis is increased in persons with prior infectious mononucleosis, regardless of sex, age, and time since infectious mononucleosis or severity of infection. The risk of multiple sclerosis may be increased soon after infectious mononucleosis and persists for at least 30 years after the infection.
A profound case of linear epidermal nevus in a patient with epidermal nevus syndrome.

BACKGROUND
Epidermal nevus syndrome is a multi-system disease with a wide spectrum of clinical presentation. Numerous specialists may be required to address its extra cutaneous manifestations.


MAIN OBSERVATIONS
We report a severe case of epidermal nevus syndrome involving the oral cavity, pharynx, and central nervous system in addition to disfiguring skin lesions.


CONCLUSIONS
Dermatologists are in a unique position to first render the diagnosis of epidermal nevus syndrome for young patients and ensure appropriate follow-up.
Metastability of Logit Dynamics for Coordination Games

Logit dynamics (Blume in Games Econ Behav 5:387–424, 1993) are randomized best response dynamics for strategic games: at every time step a player is selected uniformly at random and she chooses a new strategy according to a probability distribution biased toward strategies promising higher payoffs. This process defines an ergodic Markov chain, over the set of strategy profiles of the game, whose unique stationary distribution is the long-term equilibrium concept for the game. However, when the mixing time of the chain is large (e.g., exponential in the number of players), the stationary distribution loses its appeal as equilibrium concept, and the transient phase of the Markov chain becomes important. It can happen that the chain is “metastable”, i.e., on a time-scale shorter than the mixing time, it stays close to some probability distribution over the state space, while in a time-scale multiple of the mixing time it jumps from one distribution to another. In this paper we give a quantitative definition of “metastable probability distributions” for a Markov chain and we study the metastability of the logit dynamics for some classes of coordination games. We first consider a pure n-player coordination game that highlights the distinctive features of our metastability notion based on distributions. Then, we study coordination games on the clique without a risk-dominant strategy (which are equivalent to the well-known Glauber dynamics for the Curie–Weiss model) and coordination games on a ring (both with and without risk-dominant strategy).
Molecular Typing Study of the Microsporum Canis Strains Isolated from an Outbreak of Tinea Capitis in School

Tinea capitis is a dermatophyte infection of the scalp that occurs most often in prepubescent children. Tinea capitis may be transmitted by shared use of contaminated hairbrush, by contact with fomites or by direct physical contact with an infected person. Occasionally, outbreak of tinea capitis would happen under some special conditions. Last year, we found an outbreak of tinea capitis in a school due to Microsporum canis. In epidemiological study, we performed the prevalence survey to all of the exposed persons by physical examinations and mycological laboratory tests, including KOH preparation and fungal cultures. We also investigated the environment in the school. In molecular typing study of the M. canis isolated from patients and the environment, random primer amplification polymorphic DNA (RAPD) method, the specific amplification of subrepeat element in the ribosomal DNA nontranscribed spacer (NTS), and the analysis of DNA sequence in the intertranscribed spacer (ITS) of rDNA were performed. The total number of exposed children was seventy-one , among them forty-two were attacked by tinea capitis. The ratio between boy and girl was 13 : 1. The ages of the patients was ranged from 3.5 years old to 10 years old. Four patients bred cat or dog as pet. Most patients appeared noninflammatory type of tinea capitis and several patients were inflammatory type. Under microscopic examination the invaded hair were all ectothrix. The pathogens isolated from these patients were M. canis. And we also isolated M. canis from the carpet and the pillowcase in the school. The patterns of total strains of M. canis in the RAPD method and PCR amplification of the rDNA NTS region study were identical, and the isolates from patients and the environment contained the same DNA sequences in the ITS region. The outbreak of tinea capitis was caused by M. canis. The M. canis isolated from patients and from the environment were probably the same origin.
Polymer composite/nanocomposite processing and its effect on the electrical properties

One of the biggest challenges when considering polymer nanocomposites for electrical insulation applications lies in determining their electrical properties accurately, which in turn depend on several factors, primary being dispersion of particles in the polymer matrix. With this background, this paper reports an experimental study to understand the effects of different processing techniques on the dispersion of filler particles in the polymer matrix and their related effect on the dielectric properties of the composites. Polymer composite and nanocomposite samples for the study were prepared by mixing 10% by weight of commercially available TiO2 particles of two different sizes in epoxy using different processing methods. A considerable effect of the composite processing method could be seen in the dielectric properties of nanocomposites
Departure scripts and life review of parents living with abusive adult children with mental disorder.

BACKGROUND
Increasing numbers of aging parents are finding themselves in the role of caregiver for their mentally ill adult child due to global deinstitutionalization policy. The aim of this article is to explore preparations for the end of life in light of the life review process among old parents of abusive children with mental disorder.


METHOD
Data collection was performed through in-depth semi-structured interviews with 20 parents, followed by phenomenological analysis.


RESULTS
Five different types of departure scripts emerged: a pragmatic departure script, a burned-out departure script, a dead-end departure script, an optimistic departure script, and a violent departure script.


CONCLUSION
The parents in this study tended to interpret events in their past to fit their perception of the current relationship with their child, thus connecting past, present, and future into one coherent picture. Years of extended care have led to a unique aging process which does not allow separation from the child or the development of a sense of closure that characterizes the aging process. This calls for better insights and deeper understanding in regard to intervention with such families.
'Not waving but drowning': a study of the experiences and concerns of midwives and other health professionals caring for obese childbearing women.

OBJECTIVE
to explore the experiences and concerns of health professionals who care for childbearing women who are obese.


BACKGROUND
obesity is increasing nationally and internationally and has been described as an epidemic. A number of studies have highlighted the risks associated with obesity during childbirth, yet few studies have investigated the experiences and concerns of midwives and other health professionals in providing care to these women.


DESIGN
a descriptive qualitative study using focus groups and face-to-face interviews to collect data. Interviews were audio recorded and transcribed verbatim. Data were analysed using thematic analysis.


SETTING
three maternity units in New South Wales, Australia.


PARTICIPANTS
participants included 34 midwives and three other health professionals.


FINDINGS
three major themes emerged from the data analysis: 'a creeping normality', 'feeling in the dark' and 'the runaway train'. The findings highlight a number of tensions or contradictions experienced by health professionals when caring for childbearing women who are obese. These include, on the one hand, an increasing acceptance of obesity ('a creeping normality'), and on the other, the continuing stigma associated with obesity; the challenges of how to communicate effectively with pregnant women about their weight and the lack of resources, equipment and facilities ('feeling in the dark') to adequately care for obese childbearing women. Participants expressed concerns about how quickly the obesity epidemic appears to have impacted on maternity services ('the runaway train') and how services to meet the needs of these women are limited or generally not available.


CONCLUSION AND IMPLICATIONS FOR PRACTICE
it was clear in this study that participants felt that they were 'not waving but drowning'. There was concern over the fact that the issue of obesity had moved faster than the health response to it. There were also concerns about how to communicate with obese women without altering the relationship. Continuity of care, training and skills development for health professionals, and expansion of limited services and facilities for these women are urgently needed.
"Hunger Hurts but Starving Works: " Characterizing the Presentation of Eating Disorders Online

Within the CSCW community, little has been done to systematically analyze online eating disorder (ED) user generated content. In this paper, we present the results of a cross-platform content analysis of ED-related posts. We analyze the way that hashtags are used in ad-hoc ED- focused networks and present a comprehensive corpus of ED-terminology that frequently accompanies ED activities online. We provide exemplars of the types of ED-related content found online. Through this characterization of activities, we draw attention to the increasingly important role that these platforms play and how they are used and misappropriated for negative health purposes. We also outline specific challenges associated with researching these types of networks online. CAUTION: This paper includes media that could potentially be a trigger to those dealing with an eating disorder or with other self-injury illnesses. Please use caution when reading, printing, or disseminating this paper.
Methodologies, tools and languages for building ontologies: Where is their meeting point?

In this paper we review and compare the main methodologies, tools and languages for building ontologies that have been reported in the literature, as well as the main relationships among them. Ontology technology is nowadays mature enough: many methodologies, tools and languages are already available. The future work in this field should be driven towards the creation of a common integrated workbench for ontology developers to facilitate ontology development, exchange, evaluation, evolution and management, to provide methodological support for these tasks, and translations to and from different ontology languages. This workbench should not be created from scratch, but instead integrating the technology components that are currently available. 2002 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.
Whole breast irradiation for small-sized breasts after conserving surgery: is the field-in-field technique optimal?

BACKGROUND
To determine the optimal whole breast irradiation technique in patients with small-sized breasts, tangential and field-in-field IMRT (FIF) techniques were compared.


METHODS
Sixteen patients with ≤3 cm breast height and ≤350 cc volume were included. Seven patients had 4D CTs performed. The planning target volumes (PTV), editing 5 and 2 mm from the surface on the whole breast, were delineated and called PTV(5) and PTV(2), respectively. Dose-volume histograms of tangential techniques with open beam (OT) and wedge filter (WT), conventional FIF (cFIF), and modified FIF (mFIF) blocking out the lung were produced. Various dose-volume parameters, the dose heterogeneity index (DHtrI), dose homogeneity index (DHmI), and PTV dose improvement (PDI) were calculated.


RESULTS
OT compared with WT showed a significantly favorable V 90 of the heart and lung, and PTV(5)-dose distribution. Comparing OT and cFIF, OT showed significant improvement in the V 95 of PTV(2), whereas cFIF showed significant improvement in the V 95, DHtrI, DHmI, and PDI of the PTV(5). In comparing cFIF and mFIF, mFIF showed improved dose distributions of the heart and lung, while cFIF presented the better V 95, DHtrI, DHmI, and PDI of the PTV(5). Respiratory influences on the absolute dose were mostly within 1 %. The ratio of free breathing and each respiratory phase was similar among OT, cFIF, and mFIF.


CONCLUSIONS
cFIF has favorable dose conformity and is suggested to be an optimal method for small-sized breasts. However, OT for dose coverage close to the skin and mFIF for normal tissue may also be potential alternatives. Respiratory effects are minimal.
Off-the-line primary-side regulation LED lamp driver with single-stage PFC and TRIAC dimming using LED forward-voltage and duty-variation tracking control

Non-isolation LED drivers [1] are more attractive than isolated drivers in terms of efficiency and lower fabrication cost. However, some areas such as bar-typed fluorescent lamp retrofit applications still require a solution with isolation. Even for replacement of the incandescent and compact fluorescent lamps, some LED lamp makers prefer isolated driver solutions due to safety issues. One of the popular solutions is the flyback converter which is widely used in low-to-moderate power applications [2]. However, generally, it requires secondary voltage or current-sense circuit, and opto-coupler isolator to form a feedback loop. Thus, primary-side regulation (PSR) flyback converters have been steadily used in LED applications since they do not need secondary circuits and isolator [3]. This paper introduces a PSR method for LED lamp which satisfies low price, good efficiency, high power factor (PF) and triode AC switch (TRIAC) dimming control.
Machine learning models and bankruptcy prediction

There has been intensive research from academics and practitioners regarding models for predicting bankruptcy J Text adjusted here. and default events, for credit risk management. Seminal academic research has evaluated bankruptcy using traditional statistics techniques (e.g. discriminant analysis and logistic regression) and early artificial intelligence models (e.g. artificial neural networks). In this study, we test machine learning models (support vector machines, bagging, boosting, and random forest) to predict bankruptcy one year prior to the event, and compare their performance with results from discriminant analysis, logistic regression, and neural networks. We use data from 1985 to 2013 on North American firms, integrating information from the Salomon Center database and Compustat, analysing more than 10,000 firm-year observations. The key insight of the study is a substantial improvement in prediction accuracy using machine learning techniques especially when, in addition to the original Altman’s Z-score variables, we include six complementary financial indicators. Based on Carton and Hofer (2006), we use new variables, such as the operating margin, change in return-on-equity, change in price-to-book, and growth measures related to assets, sales, and number of employees, as predictive variables. Machine learning models show, on average, approximately 10% more accuracy in relation to traditional models. Comparing the best models, with all predictive variables, the machine learning technique related to random forest led to 87% accuracy, whereas logistic regression and linear discriminant analysis led to 69% and 50% accuracy, respectively, in the testing sample. We find that bagging, boosting, and random forest models outperform the others techniques, and that all prediction accuracy in the testing sample improves when the additional variables are included. Our research adds to the discussion of the continuing debate about superiority of computational methods over statistical techniques such as in Tsai et al. (2014) and Yeh et al. (2014). In particular, for machine learning mechanisms, we do not find SVM to lead to higher accuracy rates than other models. This result contradicts outcomes from Danenas and Garsva (2015) and Cleofas-Sánchez et al. (2016), but corroborates, for instance, Wang et al. (2014), Liang et al. (2016), and Cano et al. (2017). Our study supports the applicability of the expert systems by practitioners as in Heo and Yang (2014), Kim et al. (2015) and Xiao et al. (2016).
Effect of midfacial asymmetry on nasal axis deviation: indications for use of the subalar graft.

OBJECTIVE
To test the hypothesis that midfacial asymmetry specifically relevant to nasal tip deviation will be reflected in the measured soft-tissue attachments of the ala to the face.


DESIGN
Retrospective photographic analysis of 35 consecutive patients seeking functional or aesthetic nasal surgery regardless of cause.


RESULTS
Nasal axis had a significant correlation with the alar-facial angle on base view photographs (P < .001) irrespective of cause (traumatic vs congenital). However, there was no significant correlation between alar facial angle on anteroposterior view (frontal) with nasal axis and no correlation between frontal and basal angles.


CONCLUSION
Soft-tissue analysis demonstrates a relationship between nasal axis deviation and lower midfacial asymmetry or hypoplasia.
Biomedical ontologies in action: role in knowledge management, data integration and decision support.

OBJECTIVES
To provide typical examples of biomedical ontologies in action, emphasizing the role played by biomedical ontologies in knowledge management, data integration and decision support.


METHODS
Biomedical ontologies selected for their practical impact are examined from a functional perspective. Examples of applications are taken from operational systems and the biomedical literature, with a bias towards recent journal articles.


RESULTS
The ontologies under investigation in this survey include SNOMED CT, the Logical Observation Identifiers, Names, and Codes (LOINC), the Foundational Model of Anatomy, the Gene Ontology, RxNorm, the National Cancer Institute Thesaurus, the International Classification of Diseases, the Medical Subject Headings (MeSH) and the Unified Medical Language System (UMLS). The roles played by biomedical ontologies are classified into three major categories: knowledge management (indexing and retrieval of data and information, access to information, mapping among ontologies); data integration, exchange and semantic interoperability; and decision support and reasoning (data selection and aggregation, decision support, natural language processing applications, knowledge discovery).


CONCLUSIONS
Ontologies play an important role in biomedical research through a variety of applications. While ontologies are used primarily as a source of vocabulary for standardization and integration purposes, many applications also use them as a source of computable knowledge. Barriers to the use of ontologies in biomedical applications are discussed.