LLukas22/scidocs huggingface dataset:
Broken rotor bar fault detection in induction motors using Wavelet Transform

The Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) method is successfully used for the broken rotor bar fault detection purpose in the induction machines. It is based on the common-steady state analysis of the motor. This method is successfully used with Motor Current Signature Analysis (MCSA) technique for last three decades. However, this method is suffered from some serious drawbacks such as; it is applicable only in the constant load condition not for the variable load. The frequency-domain methods which are commonly used need accurate slip estimation for frequency components localization in any spectrum. It is also not suitable at the no-load or light load condition of the motor. At light load condition, it is quite difficult to distinguish between healthy and faulty rotors because the characteristic of broken rotor bar fault frequencies are very close to fundamental component and their amplitude are small in comparison. As a result, detection of the fault and classification of the fault severity under light load is almost impossible. In order to overcome the above problems of the FFT based technique, the Short Time Fourier Transform (STFT) Method was proposed. The excellent feature of this method is that it is capable to diagnose broken rotor bar fault in the transient condition. The STFT method also suffered from the drawback that it shows the constant window for all the frequencies. Therefore, it shows poor frequency resolution. In order to overcome all the problems stated so far, the most recent powerful mathematical tool i.e. Wavelet Transform (WT) has been used in the rotor broken bar fault detection purpose at all loading conditions. It shows variable window size for all the frequencies. Therefore, the WT method does not have resolution problem due to its multiresolution feature. This paper investigates the detection of rotor faults in induction machines by analyzing the starting current using a newly developed quantification technique based on the wavelet transform. The technique applies the wavelet transform to the envelope of the starting current. The envelope extraction is used to remove the strong fundamental component, which overshadows the characteristic differences between a healthy motor and a faulty motor with broken rotor bars.
First results of scintillator readout with silicon photomultiplier

A new type of silicon device has been realized that has many properties comparable to, or better than, a conventional PMT (Photomultiplier Tube). This paper presents the first results of using these photodetectors in place of a PMT in the readout of scintillators for possible PET (Positron Emission Tomography) applications. This device, the Silicon Photomultiplier (SiPM), is effectively an avalanche photodiode operated in Geiger mode. In Geiger-mode detectors, a very large current signal is produced regardless of the size of the input, giving just logical rather than proportional information. However, the SiPM is subdivided into a large number (1440) of microcells that act as independent and virtually identical Geiger-mode photodiodes. The outputs of all these individual microcells are connected so that the total output signal is the sum of the signals from all of the microcells that were activated. In this way proportional information can be obtained. As a consequence of their design, these detectors have potentially very fast timing, high gain (105-106) at low bias voltage (~50 V), a high quantum efficiency (35% at 500 nm), excellent single photoelectron resolution and are cheap to manufacture. Here we present results obtained with this new photodetector when used with pulsed LED and scintillator pixels
Unsedated peroral wireless pH capsule placement vs. standard pH testing: A randomized study and cost analysis

BACKGROUND
Wireless capsule pH-metry (WC) is better tolerated than standard nasal pH catheter (SC), but endoscopic placement is expensive.


AIMS
to confirm that non-endoscopic peroral manometric placement of WC is as effective and better tolerated than SC and to perform a cost analysis of the available esophageal pH-metry methods.


METHODS
Randomized trial at 2 centers. Patients referred for esophageal pH testing were randomly assigned to WC with unsedated peroral placement or SC after esophageal manometry (ESM). Primary outcome was overall discomfort with pH-metry. Costs of 3 different pH-metry strategies were analyzed: 1) ESM + SC, 2) ESM + WC and 3) endoscopically placed WC (EGD + WC) using publicly funded health care system perspective.


RESULTS
86 patients (mean age 51 ± 2 years, 71% female) were enrolled. Overall discomfort score was less in WC than in SC patients (26 ± 4 mm vs 39 ± 4 mm VAS, respectively, p = 0.012) but there were no significant group differences in throat, chest, or overall discomfort during placement. Overall failure rate was 7% in the SC group vs 12% in the WC group (p = 0.71). Per patient costs ($Canadian) were $1475 for EGD + WC, $1014 for ESM + WC, and $906 for ESM + SC. Decreasing the failure rate of ESM + WC from 12% to 5% decreased the cost of ESM + WC to $991. The ESM + SC and ESM + WC strategies became equivalent when the cost of the WC device was dropped from $292 to $193.


CONCLUSIONS
Unsedated peroral WC insertion is better tolerated than SC pH-metry both overall and during placement. Although WC is more costly, the extra expense is partially offset when the higher patient and caregiver time costs of SC are considered.


TRIAL REGISTRATION
Clinicaltrials.gov Identifier NCT01364610.
Improvements in tongue strength and pressure-generation precision following a tongue-pressure training protocol in older individuals with dysphagia: Three case reports

Dysphagia, or difficulty swallowing, often occurs secondary to conditions such as stroke, head injury or progressive disease, many of which increase in frequency with advancing age. Sarcopenia, the gradual loss of muscle bulk and strength, can place older individuals at greater risk for dysphagia. Data are reported for three older participants in a pilot trial of a tongue-pressure training therapy. During the experimental therapy protocol, participants performed isometric strength exercises for the tongue as well as tongue pressure accuracy tasks. Biofeedback was provided using the Iowa Oral Performance Instrument (IOPI), an instrument that measures tongue pressure. Treatment outcome measures show increased isometric tongue strength, improved tongue pressure generation accuracy, improved bolus control on videofluoroscopy, and improved functional dietary intake by mouth. These preliminary results indicate that, for these three adults with dysphagia, tongue-pressure training was beneficial for improving both instrumental and functional aspects of swallowing. The experimental treatment protocol holds promise as a rehabilitative tool for various dysphagia populations.
Microperforated Hymen Presenting Spontaneous Pregnancy with Cesarean Delivery and Hymenotomy Surgery: A Case Report

BACKGROUND
Female genital tract anomalies including imperforate hymen affect sexual life and fertility.


CASE PRESENTATION
In the present case, we describe a pregnant woman diagnosed with imperforate hymen which never had penetrative vaginal sex. A 27-year-old married patient with 2 months of amenorrhea presented in a clinic without any other complications. Her history of difficult intercourse and prolonged menstrual flow were reported, and subsequent vaginal examination confirmed the diagnosis of imperforate hymen even though she claims to made pinhole surgery in hymen during puberty. Her urine pregnancy test was positive, and an ultrasound examination revealed 8.3 weeks pregnant. The pregnancy was followed up to 39.5 weeks when she entered in cesarean delivery in urgency. Due to perioperative complications in our study, a concomitant hymenotomy was successfully performed. The patient was discharged with the baby, and vaginal anatomy was restored.


CONCLUSIONS
This case study suggests that even though as microperforated hymen surgery in puberty can permit pregnancy and intervention with cesarean section and hymenotomy is a good option to reduce the resulting perioperative complications which indirectly affect the increase of the fertilisation and improvement of later sexual life.
Models of Stochastic Choice and Decision Theories : Why Both are Important for Analyzing Decisions

We select a menu of seven popular decision theories and embed each theory in five models of stochastic choice, including tremble, Fechner and random utility model. We find that the estimated parameters of decision theories differ significantly when theories are combined with different models. Depending on the selected model of stochastic choice we obtain different rankings of decision theories with regard to their goodness of fit to the data. The fit of all analyzed decision theories improves significantly when they are embedded in a Fechner model of heteroscedastic truncated errors or a random utility model. Copyright  2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Multi-layer alpha blending

We introduce multi-layer alpha blending, a novel solution to real-time order-independent transparency that operates in a single rendering pass and in bounded memory. The main contribution of our method is a new scalable approximation for the compositing equation that makes possible to easily trade off better image quality for more memory and lower performance. We demonstrate improved image quality and performance over previously published methods, while also reducing memory requirements.
A hybrid particle swarm optimization for job shop scheduling problem

A hybrid particle swarm optimization (PSO) for the job shop problem (JSP) is proposed in this paper. In previous research, PSO particles search solutions in a continuous solution space. Since the solution space of the JSP is discrete, we modified the particle position representation, particle movement, and particle velocity to better suit PSO for the JSP. We modified the particle position based on preference list-based representation, particle movement based on swap operator, and particle velocity based on the tabu list concept in our algorithm. Giffler and Thompson’s heuristic is used to decode a particle position into a schedule. Furthermore, we applied tabu search to improve the solution quality. The computational results show that the modified PSO performs better than the original design, and that the hybrid PSO is better than other traditional metaheuristics. 2006 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
A localization argument for characters of reductive Lie groups: an introduction and examples

In this article I describe my recent geometric localization argument dealing with actions of noncompact groups which provides a geometric bridge between two entirely different character formulas for reductive Lie groups and answers the question posed in [Sch].
Intraoperative computed tomographic angiography in cerebral aneurysm surgery: a pilot feasibility study.

OBJECTIVE
To assess the feasibility and potential utility of intraoperative computed tomographic angiography (iCTA) in identifying unexpected residual aneurysms and major cerebral artery occlusion after cerebral aneurysm surgery.


METHODS
We prospectively studied 6 consecutive patients with ruptured anterior circulation aneurysms who underwent craniotomy and clipping. iCTA was performed in all cases after the surgeon was satisfied that the aneurysm was completely obliterated and the clip did not occlude a major artery. We analyzed the iCTA images with regard to residual aneurysm and major arterial occlusion and compared them with the postoperatively acquired angiographic images, which served as a control. Patient age and sex, aneurysm location and size, clinical presentation after rupture, and postoperative course, as well as postoperative modified Rankin Scale scores, were also recorded.


RESULTS
One of the 6 patients had a residual aneurysm detected on the iCTA images, and it was confirmed on the immediate postoperative digital subtraction angiography. There were no cases of major arterial occlusion on iCTA imaging or postoperatively acquired angiographic imaging.


CONCLUSION
iCTA is both feasible and potentially useful in identifying unexpected residual aneurysms and major arterial occlusion after surgical clipping of aneurysms.
Late-spring increase of trans-Pacific pollution transport in the upper troposphere: LATE SPRING TRANS-PACIFIC TRANSPORT

The observations during the Tropospheric Ozone Production about the Spring Equinox (TOPSE) experiment show large enhancements of NOx, PAN, O3, CO, CFCs, and Halon-1211 in the upper troposphere over North America in late spring. Analysis of these observations and model results indicate that the enhancements are most likely driven by a surge of trans-Pacific pollutant transport in late spring. The rapid seasonal transition is particularly striking for upper tropospheric NOx, resulting in large increases in photochemical oxidation and O3 production during the period. The transition is later in season than that of low-altitude trans-Pacific transport, which peaks in March and April. The current generation of global chemical transport models clearly underestimates this long-range transport of pollutants, implying an underestimation in the model-projected impact on regional air quality over North America (through subsidence).
The double burden of malnutrition in indigenous and nonindigenous Guatemalan populations.

BACKGROUND
As the prevalence of obesity increases in developing countries, the double burden of malnutrition (DBM) has become a public health problem, particularly in countries such as Guatemala with a high concentration of indigenous communities where the prevalence of stunting remains high.


OBJECTIVE
The aim was to describe and analyze the prevalence of DBM over time (1998-2008) in indigenous and nonindigenous Guatemalan populations.


DESIGN
We used 3 National Maternal and Child Health Surveys conducted in Guatemala between 1998 and 2008 that include anthropometric data from children aged 0-60 mo and women of reproductive age (15-49 y). We assessed the prevalence of childhood stunting and both child and adult female overweight and obesity between 1998 and 2008. For the year 2008, we assessed the prevalence of DBM at the household (a stunted child and an overweight mother) and individual (stunting/short stature and overweight or anemia and overweight in the same individual) levels and compared the expected and observed prevalence rates to test if the coexistence of the DBM conditions corresponded to expected values.


RESULTS
Between 1998 and 2008, the prevalence of childhood stunting decreased in both indigenous and nonindigenous populations, whereas overweight and obesity in women increased faster in indigenous populations than in nonindigenous populations (0.91% compared with 0.38%/y; P-trend < 0.01). In 2008, the prevalence of stunted children was 28.8 percentage points higher and of overweight women 4.6 percentage points lower in indigenous compared with nonindigenous populations (63.7% compared with 34.9% and 46.7% compared with 51.3%, respectively). DBM at the household and individual levels was higher in indigenous populations and was higher in geographic areas in which most of the population was indigenous, where there was also a greater prevalence of stunting and DBM at the individual level, both in women and children.


CONCLUSIONS
In Guatemala, DBM is more prevalent in indigenous than in nonindigenous populations at the household and individual levels. To enhance effectiveness, current strategies of national policies and programs should consider DBM and focus on indigenous populations.
Automatic Skin Lesion Analysis using Large-scale Dermoscopy Images and Deep Residual Networks

Malignant melanoma has one of the most rapidly increasing incidences in the world and has a considerable mortality rate. Early diagnosis is particularly important since melanoma can be cured with prompt excision. Dermoscopy images play an important role in the non-invasive early detection of melanoma [1]. However, melanoma detection using human vision alone can be subjective, inaccurate and poorly reproducible even among experienced dermatologists. This is attributed to the challenges in interpreting images with diverse characteristics including lesions of varying sizes and shapes, lesions that may have fuzzy boundaries, different skin colors and the presence of hair [2]. Therefore, the automatic analysis of dermoscopy images is a valuable aid for clinical decision making and for image-based diagnosis to identify diseases such as melanoma [1-4].
Design and implementation biometric access control system using fingerprint for restricted area based on gabor filter

Biometric recognition is the use of individual biometric characteristics, such as fingerprint, face, and signature for automatically computerized recognition systems. Fingerprints are the most widely used form of biometric recognition system successfully. However, fingerprint images are rarely of perfect quality. They may be degraded and corrupted due to variations in skin and impression conditions. Thus, image enhancement techniques are employed prior to minutiae extraction to obtain a more reliable estimation of minutiae locations. Minutiae extraction yielded many minutiae resulting from fingerprint irregularities. The aim of this work is the development of a biometric access control system for restricted areas based on individual finger print and Gabor filter for enhancement process. The development system architecture, demonstrating the components, enhancement, minutiae extraction and matching techniques are presented. A software application is written in Matlab and C# to implement algorithms for enhancement, minutiae extraction and matching processing. The resulting minutiae information will be used as a method of identifying matching fingerprints. Also it will be used to register this fingerprint in system database. Finally, verification system, and identification system are implemented. Registration system has facilities namely; automatic registration, manual registration and update for the database to help the administrator to update required information. Based on that processing, an integrated secure system for biometric access control is developed for restricted area with acceptable security level.
Metoclopramide for the treatment of gastroesophageal reflux disease in infants: a systematic review.

OBJECTIVES
Metoclopramide is a commonly used drug to treat gastroesophageal reflux disease in infants. Given its widespread use and growing concern about toxicity in this population, we conducted a systematic review of metoclopramide for the treatment of gastroesophageal reflux disease in infants.


METHODS
We performed a systematic search of PubMed and bibliographies of relevant review articles. We included cohort, case-control, and intervention studies of the efficacy, effectiveness, or toxicity of metoclopramide therapy for gastroesophageal reflux disease in infants. We excluded case reports, case series, review articles, and abstracts.


RESULTS
Twelve articles met our inclusion criteria. Of these, 11 were prospective trials, and 5 were randomized, blinded clinical trials. Study size ranged from 6 to 77 patients. Eight studies showed patient improvement with metoclopramide in at least 1 measured outcome; 1 study showed worsening symptoms with metoclopramide. Of the 5 randomized, blinded trials, 2 showed no effect of metoclopramide on any outcome, and 2 showed a significant placebo effect. Four studies commented on adverse effects of therapy, with irritability being the most frequently reported potential adverse effect of therapy. Other reported adverse effects included dystonic reactions, drowsiness, oculogyric crisis, emesis, and apnea. Among studies, there was marked heterogeneity in the patient populations, dosing, and outcomes studied. Therefore, a meta-analysis was not performed. We both agreed on a US Preventive Service Task Force rating of "poor" for the level of evidence, leading to an "inconclusive" recommendation for the safety and efficacy of metoclopramide in infants.


CONCLUSIONS
The current literature is insufficient to either support or oppose the use of metoclopramide for gastroesophageal reflux disease in infants. In the future, large blinded randomized clinical trials are needed to determine the efficacy and toxicity of metoclopramide in this population.
Autonomous Testing for 3D-ICs with IEEE Std. 1687

IEEE Std. 1687, or IJTAG, defines flexible serial scan-based architectures for accessing embedded instruments efficiently. In this paper, we present a novel test architecture that employs IEEE Std. 1687 together with an efficient test controller to carry out 3D-IC testing autonomously. The test controller can deliver parallel test data for the IEEE Std. 1687 structures and the cores under test, and provide required control signals to control the whole test procedure. This design can achieve at-speed, autonomous and programmable testing in 3D-ICs. Experimental results show that the additional area and test cycle overhead of this architecture is small considering its autonomous test capability.
The clinical effectiveness of CBT-based guided self-help interventions for anxiety and depressive disorders: a systematic review.

BACKGROUND
Cognitive-behavioural therapy (CBT)-based guided self-help (GSH) has been suggested to be an effective intervention for mild to moderate anxiety and depression, yet the evidence seems inconclusive, with some studies reporting that GSH is effective and others finding that GSH is ineffective. GSH differs in important respects from other levels of self-help, yet the literature regarding exclusively guided self-help interventions for anxiety and depression has not been reviewed systematically.


METHOD
A literature search for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) examining CBT-based GSH interventions for anxiety and depressive disorders was conducted. Multiple electronic databases were searched; several journals spanning key disciplines were hand-searched; reference lists of included review articles were scanned and relevant first authors were contacted.


RESULTS
Thirteen studies met the inclusion criteria. Meta-analysis indicated the effectiveness of GSH at post-treatment, although GSH was found to have limited effectiveness at follow-up or among more clinically representative samples. Studies that reported greater effectiveness of GSH tended to be of lower methodological quality and generally involved participants who were self-selected rather than recruited through clinical referrals.


CONCLUSIONS
Although there is support for the effectiveness of CBT-based GSH among media-recruited individuals, the finding that the reviewed RCTs had limited effectiveness within routine clinical practice demonstrates that the evidence is not conclusive. Further rigorous evidence based on clinical populations that examines longer-term outcomes is required before CBT-based GSH interventions can be deemed effective for adults accessing primary care services for treatment of anxiety and depression.