LLukas22/scidocs huggingface dataset:
Test-based exclusion diets in gastro-esophageal reflux disease patients: a randomized controlled pilot trial.

AIM
To investigate the clinical response of gastro-esophageal reflux disease (GERD) symptoms to exclusion diets based on food intolerance tests.


METHODS
A double blind, randomized, controlled pilot trial was performed in 38 GERD patients partially or completely non-responders to proton pump inhibitors (PPI) treatment. Fasting blood samples from each patients were obtained; leukocytotoxic test was performed by incubating the blood with a panel of 60 food items to be tested. The reaction of leukocytes (rounding, vacuolization, lack of movement, flattening, fragmentation or disintegration of cell wall) was then evaluated by optical microscopy and rated as follows: level 0 = negative, level 1 = slightly positive, level 2 = moderately positive, and level 3 = highly positive. A "true" diet excluding food items inducing moderate-severe reactions, and a "control" diet including them was developed for each patient. Then, twenty patients received the "true" diet and 18 the "control" diet; after one month (T1) symptoms severity was scored by the GERD impact scale (GIS). Hence, patients in the "control" group were switched to the "true" diet, and symptom severity was re-assessed after three months (T2).


RESULTS
At baseline (T0) the mean GIS global score was 6.68 (range: 5-12) with no difference between "true" and control group (6.6 ± 1.19 vs 6.7 ± 1.7). All patients reacted moderately/severely to at least 1 food (range: 5-19), with a significantly greater number of food substances inducing reaction in controls compared with the "true" diet group (11.6 vs 7.0, P < 0.001). Food items more frequently involved were milk, lettuce, brewer's yeast, pork, coffee, rice, sole asparagus, and tuna, followed by eggs, tomato, grain, shrimps, and chemical yeast. At T1 both groups displayed a reduction of GIS score ("true" group 3.3 ± 1.7, -50%, P = 0.001; control group 4.9 ± 2.8, -26.9%, P = 0.02), although the GIS score was significantly lower in "true" vs "control" group (P = 0.04). At T2, after the diet switch, the "control" group showed a further reduction in GIS score (2.7 ± 1.9, -44.9%, P = 0.01), while the "true" group did not (2.6 ± 1.8, -21.3%, P = 0.19), so that the GIS scores didn't differ between the two groups.


CONCLUSION
Our results suggest that food intolerance may play a role in GERD symptoms development, and leucocytotoxic test-based exclusion diets may be a possible therapeutic approach when PPI are not effective or indicated.
Application of Classification Models on Credit Card Fraud Detection

Along with the great increase in credit card transactions, credit card fraud has become increasingly rampant in recent years. This study investigates the efficacy of applying classification models to credit card fraud detection problems. Three different classification methods, i.e. decision tree, neural networks and logistic regression are tested for their applicability in fraud detections. This paper provides a useful framework to choose the best model to recognize the credit card fraud risk.
Nitrogen uptake and recovery from urea and green manure in lowland rice measured by15N and non-isotope techniques

In the recent past considerable attention is paid to minimize dependence on purchased inputs such as inorganic nitrogen fertilizer. Green manure in the form of flood-tolerant, stem-nodulatingSesbania rostrata andAeschynomene afraspera is an alternative N source for rice, which may also increase N use efficiency. Therefore research was conducted to determine the fate of N applied to lowland rice (Oryza sativa L.) in the form ofSesbania rostrata andAeschynomene afraspera green manure and urea in two field experiments using15N labeled materials.15N in the soil and rice plant was determined, and15N balances established. Apparent N recoveries were determined by non-tracer method. 15N recoveries averaged 90 and 65% of N applied for green manure and urea treatments, respectively. High partial pressures of NH3 in the floodwater, and high pH probably resulted from urea application and favoured losses of N from the urea treatment. Results show that green manure N can supply a substantial proportion of the N requirements of lowland rice. Nitrogen released fromSesbania rostrata andAeschynomene afraspera green manure was in synchrony with the demand of the rice plant. The effect of combined application of green manure and urea on N losses from urea fertilizer were also investigated. Green manure reduced the N losses from15N labeled urea possibly due to a reduction in pH of the floodwater. Positive added N interactions (ANIs) were observed. At harvest, an average of 45 and 25% of N applied remained in the soil for green manure and urea, respectively.
A comparison of performance in added-purpose occupations and rote exercise for dynamic standing balance in persons with hemiplegia.

OBJECTIVES
Adding purpose to daily occupations to promote performance is a basic premise of occupational therapy. This study investigated the hypothesis that in persons with hemiplegia, two added-purpose occupations would elicit more exercise repetitions than a rote exercise.


METHOD
In a counterbalanced order, 21 subjects with hemiplegia, aged 51 to 78 years, experienced all three conditions of a dynamic standing balance exercise that involved bending down, reaching, standing up, and extending the arm. One condition of added purpose involved the use of materials (small balls and target); a second added-purpose condition involved the subjects' imagination of the small balls. The third condition was the rote exercise without added purpose.


RESULTS
A one-way analysis of variance for related measures indicated that the subjects performed significantly differently in each of the three conditions (p < .001). A Tukey multiple comparison test revealed that the subjects did significantly more exercise repetitions in the added-materials condition and in the imagery-based condition than in the rote exercise condition (p < .05).


CONCLUSION
This study demonstrates how added purpose can enhance motor performance in persons with hemiplegia. Purpose may be effectively added to an exercise through the use of materials or imagery.
Bias in analytic research.

CASE-CONTF~OL studies are highly attractive. They can be executed quickly and at low cost, even when the disorders of interest are rare. Furthermore, the execution of pilot case-control studies is becoming automated; strategies have been devised for the ‘computer scanning’ of large files of hospital admission diagnoses and prior drug exposures, with more detailed analyses carried out in the same data set on an ad hoc basis [l]. As evidence of their growing popularity, when one original article was randomly selected from each issue of The New England Journal of Medicine, The Lancet, and the Journal of the American Medical Association for the years, 1956, 1966 and 1976, the proportion reporting case-control analytic studies increased fourfold over these two decades (2-8”;) whereas the proportion reporting cohort analytic studies fell by half (30-159); incidentally, a general trend toward fewer study subjects but more study authors was also noted [2]. If an ebullition of case-control studies is in progress, a review of their merits and shortcomings is of more than academic interest, and this symposium was well-timed. Because this meeting also coincided with the completion of some work we had been doing on biases in analytic research (Appendix 3), I offered to summarize a portion of this work for presentation and discussion here. A first draft of a catalog of biases which may distort the design, execution, analysis and interpretation of research appears as an appendix to this paper (additions, corrections and citations of examples would be welcomed by the author). For this paper, I have considered those biases which arise in analytic studies and have focused on two subsets which affect the specification and selection of the study sample and the measurement of exposures and outcomes, since these attributes most clearly distinguish the case-control study from its relatives. * Furthermore. I have included occasional discussions of cohort analytic studies because they represent a common, alternative, subexperimental approach to determining causation. Finally, after describing the prospects for the prevention (or at least the measurement) of these biases in these two forms of analytic studies, this paper closes with suggestions for further methodologic research.
A comparative study of language support for generic programming

Many modern programming languages support basic generic programming, sufficient to implement type-safe polymorphic containers. Some languages have moved beyond this basic support to a broader, more powerful interpretation of generic programming, and their extensions have proven valuable in practice. This paper reports on a comprehensive comparison of generics in six programming languages: C++, Standard ML, Haskell, Eiffel, Java (with its proposed generics extension), and Generic C. By implementing a substantial example in each of these languages, we identify eight language features that support this broader view of generic programming. We find these features are necessary to avoid awkward designs, poor maintainability, unnecessary run-time checks, and painfully verbose code. As languages increasingly support generics, it is important that language designers understand the features necessary to provide powerful generics and that their absence causes serious difficulties for programmers.
Using Sustainability for Competitive Advantage

In this paper the authors explore the evolution of the perceived definition of manufacturing performance over time, in response to market and social trends, thus establishing sustainability as the latest dimension by which manufacturing performance is gauged. This has significant implications in the area of manufacturing strategy as it introduces a new set of manufacturing trade-offs, which must be managed. The nature of these trade-offs are further explored with the aid of a case study. The authors also introduce a framework for manufacturing system and process innovation and demonstrate how it can be used to manage such trade-offs.
Relationships between balance control and cognitive functions, gait speed, and activities of daily living

The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between balance control and cognitive functions, gait speed, and activities of daily living. In all, 80 elderly participants with mild cognitive impairment (mean age 67.07 ± 4.3 years) were randomly allocated into the experimental group (n = 40) or the control group (n = 40). Balance control was evaluated by the Balance Evaluation Systems Test (BESTest). Cognitive functions were evaluated by the Trail Making Test and the Nine Hole Peg Test. Gait speed was assessed by the Up and Go test with and without dual task. For evaluation of activities of daily living (ADL), the BADLS test was used. The experimental group underwent CogniPlus 20 training sessions twice a week. Both groups had 30 min of physical training daily for 10 weeks. After training, there were five significant correlations found in the experimental group (balance control and visuomotor coordination, psychomotor speed, gait speed with and without cognitive tasks, and activities of daily living). In the control group, one significant correlation was found between balance control and gait speed. The cognitive-motor training performed for 10 weeks confirmed more significant relationships between balance control, cognitive functions, gait speed, and activities of daily living, when compared with motor intervention alone. Ziel dieser Studie war es, die Beziehung zwischen der Kontrolle des Körpergleichgewichts und den kognitiven Funktionen, der Gehgeschwindigkeit sowie den Aktivitäten des täglichen Lebens zu untersuchen. Insgesamt 80 ältere Menschen mit leichter kognitiver Beeinträchtigung (Durchschnittsalter 67,07 ± 4,3 Jahre) wurden randomisiert und der Versuchsgruppe (n = 40) oder Kontrollgruppe (n = 40) zugeteilt. Die Kontrolle des Körpergleichgewichts wurde mit dem Balance Evaluation Systems Test (BESTest) bewertet. Kognitive Funktionen wurden mit dem Trail Making Test und dem Nine Hole Peg Test eingeschätzt. Die Gehgeschwindigkeit wurde im Timed-Up-and-Go-Test mit oder ohne doppelte Aufgabenstellung ermittelt. Für die Bewertung der Aktivitäten des täglichen Lebens wurde der BADLS-Test angewendet. Die Versuchsgruppe durchlief 2-mal wöchentlich CogniPlus-20-Trainingseinheiten. Beide Gruppen absolvierten über 10 Wochen täglich ein 30-minütiges körperliches Training. Nach Beendigung des Trainings wurden 5 signifikante Korrelationen in der Versuchsgruppe festgestellt (Kontrolle des Körpergleichgewichts und visuomotorische Koordination, psychomotorische Geschwindigkeit, Gehgeschwindigkeit mit und ohne kognitive Aufgaben sowie Aktivitäten des täglichen Lebens). In der Kontrollgruppe fand sich nur eine signifikante Korrelation zwischen der Kontrolle des Körpergleichgewichts und der Gehgeschwindigkeit. Das kognitiv-motorische Training über 10 Wochen bestätigte im Vergleich zur alleinigen motorischen Intervention mehr signifikante Beziehungen zwischen der Kontrolle des Körpergleichgewichts und den kognitiven Funktionen, der Gehgeschwindigkeit und den Aktivitäten des täglichen Lebens.
ಪರಂಪರೆ ಮಾಲಿಕೆ ಶ್ರೀರಂಗಪಟ್ಟಣ

Srirangapatna a small Munisipal town with a Population of 18,148 as per the census of 2001 is well known for its rich history and heritage.
The Friedman-Eilber Resection Arthroplasty of the Pelvis

UNLABELLED
It has been argued that internal hemipelvectomy without reconstruction of the pelvic ring leads to poor ambulation and inferior patient acceptance. To determine the accuracy of this contention, we posed the following questions: First, how effectively does a typical patient ambulate following this procedure? Second, what is the typical functional capacity of a patient following internal hemipelvectomy? In the spring of 2006, we obtained video documentation of eight patients who had undergone resection arthroplasty of the hemipelvis seen in our clinic during routine clinical followup. The minimum followup in 2006 was 1.1 years (mean, 8.2 years; range, 1.1-22.7 years); at the time of last followup in 2008 the minimum followup was 2.9 years (mean, 9.8 years; range, 2.9-24.5 years). At last followup seven of the eight patients were without pain, and were able to walk without supports. The remaining patient used narcotic medication and a cane or crutch only occasionally. The mean MSTS score at the time of most recent followup was 73.3% of normal (range 53.3-80.0%; mean raw score was 22.0; range 16-24). All eight patients ultimately returned to gainful employment. These observations demonstrate independent painless ambulation and acceptable function is possible following resection arthroplasty of the hemipelvis.


LEVEL OF EVIDENCE
Level IV, case series. See Guidelines for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.
Shelling Hexahedral Complexes for Mesh Generation

We present a new approach for the generation of hexahedral finite element meshes for solid bodies in computer-aided design. The key idea is to use a purely combinatorial method, namely a shelling process, to decompose a topological ball with a prescribed surface mesh into combinatorial cubes, so-called hexahedra. The shelling corresponds to a series of graph transformations on the surface mesh which is guided by the cycle structure of the combinatorial dual. Our method transforms the graph of the surface mesh iteratively by changing the dual cycle structure until we get the surface mesh of a single hexahedron. Starting with a single hexahedron and reversing the order of the graph transformations, each transformation step can be interpreted as adding one or more hexahedra to the so far created hex complex. Given an arbitrary solid body, we first decompose it into simpler subdomains equivalent to topological balls by adding virtual 2-manifolds. Second, we determine a compatible quadrilateral surface mesh for all created subdomains. Then, in the main part we can use the shelling of topological balls to build up a hex complex for each subdomain independently. Finally, the combinatorial mesh(es) are embedded into the given solids and smoothed to improve quality. Communicated by T. Nishizeki, R. Tamassia and D. Wagner: submitted January 1999; revised August 2000 and July 2001. The author was partially supported by the special program “Efficient Algorithms for Discrete Problems and Their Applications” of the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG) under grant Mo 446/2-3. M. Müller-Hannemann, Shelling Hexahedral Complexes, JGAA, 5(5) 59–91 (2001)60
Laparoscopic extended (subtotal) distal pancreatectomy with resection of both splenic artery and vein

Spleen-preserving distal pancreatectomy can be performed safely and effectively by resecting both splenic vessels (Warshaw procedure) [1–4]. This simplified spleen-preserving technique might also be applied to minimally invasive distal pancreatectomy of benign and borderline malignant tumor [5, 6]. Although the conservation of both splenic vessels is paramount to preserving the spleen during laparoscopic distal pancreatectomy, preservation of the splenic vessels is not always possible, especially under the following conditions: (1) relatively large tumor, (2) associated with chronic pancreatitis, (3) tumor abutting splenic vascular structures, and (4) bleeding during the splenic vessel conserving procedure, which are potential indications of laparoscopic extended Warshaw procedure. Patient preparation and position was the same as that described in our previous study [7]. During the study’s time period, 38 consecutive patients underwent laparoscopic spleen-preserving distal pancreatectomy. Of those, five patients underwent a laparoscopic extended Warshaw procedure, which all included among 16 patients of extended distal pancreatectomy by dividing the pancreas at the pancreatic neck. All patients were women with a median age of 55 (range, 38–75) years. Median total operation time and blood loss were 215 (range, 200–386) minutes and 100 (range, 0–300) ml, respectively. The median length of hospital stay was 8 (range, 5–15) days. All of postoperative complications (two grade A and two grade B postoperative pancreatic fistula; one grade A bleeding) were able to be treated conservatively. During the median follow-up period of 11 (range, 7–42) months, one focal splenic infarction and one gastric varix were noted; however, no clinically significant complications were reported. Laparoscopic spleen-preserving extended distal pancreatectomy with resection of both the splenic vessels is feasible and safe [8]. This surgical technique is thought to increase the chance of preservation of the spleen with minimally invasive distal pancreatectomy in well-selected benign or borderline malignant tumor of the distal pancreas.
Speaker-Following Video Subtitles

We propose a new method for improving the presentation of subtitles in video (e.g., TV and movies). With conventional subtitles, the viewer has to constantly look away from the main viewing area to read the subtitles at the bottom of the screen, which disrupts the viewing experience and causes unnecessary eyestrain. Our method places on-screen subtitles next to the respective speakers to allow the viewer to follow the visual content while simultaneously reading the subtitles. We use novel identification algorithms to detect the speakers based on audio and visual information. Then the placement of the subtitles is determined using global optimization. A comprehensive usability study indicated that our subtitle placement method outperformed both conventional fixed-position subtitling and another previous dynamic subtitling method in terms of enhancing the overall viewing experience and reducing eyestrain.
Overview of the Forensic Investigation of Cloud Services

Cloud Computing is a commonly used, yet ambiguous term, which can be used to refer to a multitude of differing dynamically allocated services. From a law enforcement and forensic investigation perspective, cloud computing can be thought of as a double edged sword. While on one hand, the gathering of digital evidence from cloud sources can bring with it complicated technical and cross-jurisdictional legal challenges. On the other, the employment of cloud storage and processing capabilities can expedite the forensics process and focus the investigation onto pertinent data earlier in an investigation. This paper examines the state-of-the-art in cloud-focused, digital forensic practises for the collection and analysis of evidence and an overview of the potential use of cloud technologies to provide Digital Forensics as a Service.
External-Memory Graph Algorithms

Michael T. GoodrichjS Edward F. Grovefll Roberto Tamassia*t Darren Erik Vengrofftt Jeffrey Scott Vitterqt We present a collection of new techniques for designing and analyzing efficient external-memory algorithms for graph problems and illustrate how these techniques can be applied to a wide variety of specific problems. Our results include: Proximate-neighboring. We present a simple method for deriving external-memory lower bounds via reductions from a problem we call the “proximate neighbors” problem. We use this technique to derive non-trivial lower bounds for such problems as list ranking, expression tree evaluation, and connected components. PRAM simulation. We give methods for efficiently simulating PRAM computations in external memory, even for some cases in which the PRAM algorithm is not work-optimal. We apply this to derive a number of optimal (and simple) external-memory graph algorithms. Time-forward processing. We present a general technique for evaluating circuits (or “circuit-like” computations) in external memory. We also use *Department of Computer Science, Box 1910, Brown University, Providence, RI 02912-1910. *Supported in part by the National Science Foundation, by the U.S. Army Research Office, and by the Advanced Research