LLukas22/scidocs huggingface dataset:
Impact of Zinc Supplementation on Subsequent Morbidity and Growth in Bangladeshi Children With Persistent Diarrhoea

This study was conducted to explore whether supplementation of zinc to children during persistent diarrhoea has any subsequent effect on morbidity and growth. A prospective follow-up study was conducted among children, aged 3-24 months, with persistent diarrhoea, who participated earlier in a double-blind randomized placebo-controlled trial. During persistent diarrhoea, children were randomly allocated to receive either zinc in multivitamin syrup or only multivitamin syrup for two weeks. After recovering from diarrhoea, 76 children in the multi-vitamin syrup and 78 children in the zinc plus multivitamin syrup group were followed up for subsequent morbidity and growth. Weekly morbidity and two-weekly anthropometric data were collected for the subsequent 12 weeks. Data showed that episodes and duration of diarrhoea were reduced by 38% and 44% respectively with supplementation of zinc. There was no significant difference in the incidence or duration of respiratory tract infection between the zinc-supplemented and the non-supplemented group. Improved linear growth was observed in underweight children (weight-for-age <70% of the National Center for Health Statistics standard) who received zinc compared to those who did not receive.
Synchronized charge extraction for aeroelastic energy harvesting

Aeroelastic instabilities have been frequently exploited for energy harvesting purpose to power standalone electronic systems, such as wireless sensors. Meanwhile, various energy harvesting interface circuits, such as synchronized charge extraction (SCE) and synchronized switching harvesting on inductor (SSHI), have been widely pursued in the literature for efficiency enhancement of energy harvesting from existing base vibrations. These interfaces, however, have not been applied for aeroelastic energy harvesting. This paper investigates the feasibility of the SCE interface in galloping-based piezoelectric energy harvesting, with a focus on its benefit for performance improvement and influence on the galloping dynamics in different electromechanical coupling regimes. A galloping-based piezoelectric energy harvester (GPEH) is prototyped with an aluminum cantilever bonded with a piezoelectric sheet. Wind tunnel test is conducted with a simple electrical interface composed of a resistive load. Circuit simulation is performed with equivalent circuit representation of the GPEH system and confirmed by experimental results. Consequently, a self-powered SCE interface is implemented with the capability of self peak-detecting and switching. Circuit simulation for various electromechanical coupling cases shows that the harvested power with SCE interface for GPEH is independent of the electrical load, similar to that for a vibration-based piezoelectric energy harvester (VPEH). The SCE interface outperforms the standard interface if the electromechanical coupling is weak, and requires much less piezoelectric material to achieve the maximum power output. Moreover, influence of electromechanical coupling on the dynamics of GPEH with SCE is found sensitive to the wind speed. Keyword: aeroelastic energy harvesting, galloping, synchronized charge extraction, piezoelectric elements, wind energy
Psychosocial and cardiac outcomes of yoga for ICD patients: a randomized clinical control trial.

BACKGROUND
Because as many as 46% of implantable cardioverter defibrillator (ICD) patients experience clinical symptoms of shock anxiety, this randomized controlled study evaluated the efficacy of adapted yoga (vs usual care) in reducing clinical psychosocial risks shown to impact morbidity and mortality in ICD recipients.


METHODS
Forty-six participants were randomized to a control group or an 8-week adapted yoga group that followed a standardized protocol with weekly classes and home practice. Medical and psychosocial data were collected at baseline and follow-up, then compared and analyzed.


RESULTS
Total shock anxiety decreased for the yoga group and increased for the control group, t(4.43, 36), P < 0.0001, with significant differences between these changes. Similarly, consequential anxiety decreased for the yoga group but increased for the control group t(2.86,36) P = 0.007. Compared to the control, the yoga group had greater overall self-compassion, t(-2.84,37), P = 0.007, and greater mindfulness, t(-2.10,37) P = 0.04, at the end of the study. Exploratory analyses utilizing a linear model (R(2) = 0.98) of observed device-treated ventricular (DTV) events revealed that the expected number of DTV events in the yoga group was significantly lower than in the control group (P < 0.0001). Compared to the control, the yoga group had a 32% lower risk of experiencing device-related firings at end of follow-up.


CONCLUSIONS
Our study demonstrated psychosocial benefits from a program of adapted yoga (vs usual care) for ICD recipients. These data support continued research to better understand the role of complementary medicine to address ICD-specific stress in cardiac outcomes.
Individual and combined effects of genistein and hesperidin on immunity and intestinal morphometry in lipopolysacharide-challenged broiler chickens.

Genistein and hesperidin have been shown to have beneficial effects in several animal models including mice, rats, pigs, and humans. This study investigated the individual and combined effects of genistein (an isoflavone) and hesperidin (a flavanone) on immunity and intestinal morphometry in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-challenged broiler chickens. Seven hundred twenty 1-d-old commercial Arbor Acres broiler chicks were randomly divided into 6 treatments, with 6 replicates of 20 birds each. Chicks were fed a basal diet without any additive (control), supplemented with 5 mg of genistein/kg of feed (G5) and 20 mg of hesperidin/kg of feed (H20), or a mixture of genistein and hesperidin (1:4) with doses of 5 (GH5), 10 (GH10), and 20 (GH20) mg/kg of feed for 42 d. On d 16, 18, and 20, one-half the birds from each group were separated and injected intraperitoneally with Escherichia coli LPS (250 µg/kg of BW) to induce the immunological stimulation. Samples were collected on 21 and 42 d. The results showed that LPS treatment exerts immunomodulatory effects (P < 0.05) in phagocytic activity at 21 d, whereas a few negative effects including reduced villus length and increased crypt depth were observed in some segments of the small intestine. Both genistein and hesperidin seemed to modify the immunity positively by altering the phagocytic activity (P < 0.01). Parameters of intestinal morphometry such as villus length, crypt depth, villus width, and villus length/crypt depth ratios were also improved (P < 0.01 or P < 0.05) by the supplemental genistein and hesperidin in both LPS-unchallenged and -challenged groups. However, no effect (P > 0.05) was observed for BWG, FI, and FCR of broilers. Overall, genistein and hesperidin improved the immunity and the morphometry of small intestine in a dose-dependent manner. These findings provided the first account on the in vivo effects of genistein and hesperidin for immunostimulation and morphometric gut development in LPS-challenged chickens. Thus, both compounds may be used as alternative feed additives in the poultry industry to promote gut health and improve immunity against infections.
Throughput Analysis of TCP-Friendly Rate Control in Mobile Hotspots

By integrating wireless wide area networks (WWANs) and wireless local area networks (WLANs), mobile hotspot technologies enable seamless Internet multimedia services to users on-board a vehicle. In this paper, we investigate the performance of TCP-Friendly Rate Control (TFRC) protocol supporting multimedia services in mobile hotspots. To quantify the throughput of TFRC flows in mobile hotspots, we first develop discrete-time queuing models for the WWAN link and the WLAN link. We then derive the steady state TFRC throughput using an iterative algorithm. Analytical and extensive simulation results reveal how the end-to-end TFRC throughput is affected by the number of users in a mobile hotspot, the vehicle velocity, the WWAN/WLAN link bandwidth, the retransmission limit, and the buffer size. It is found that the WWAN channel profile and link bandwidth have significant impacts on the TFRC throughput, and therefore suitable resource allocation and admission control are indispensable for the quality and efficiency of multimedia services in mobile hotspots.
Hartogs Extension Theorems on Stein Spaces

We discuss various known generalizations of the classical Hartogs extension theorem on Stein spaces with arbitrary singularities and present an analytic proof based on $\overline{\partial}$-methods.
Genetic risk factors in Parkinson’s disease: single gene effects and interactions of genotypes

Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a common neurodegenerative disorder for which genetic causes and susceptibility factors have been identified using linkage and association studies [1]. Many candidate genes have been investigated as risk factors for PD (www.pdgene.org) and several genome-wide association studies (GWAS) as well as three meta-analyses have been reported [4, 9, 10]. All GWAS indicate a strong association to several polymorphisms within the alpha-synuclein (SNCA) gene, encoding a protein highly concentrated at presynaptic nerve terminals [13]. Most studies also confirm an association with the H1/H2 haplotype of the microtubule-associated protein tau (MAPT) gene that is enriched in axons [5]. In addition, the S18Y (rs5030732) polymorphism in the ubiquitin carboxyl-terminal hydrolase L1 (UCHL1), a neuron-specific enzyme that is involved in protein degradation, has been shown to modify enzymatic activity and to protect against PD [7]. N-acetyl transferase 2 (NAT2) is an enzyme responsible for the biotransformation of neurotoxins. An inherited defect, which results in a slower rate of metabolism, can lead to greater vulnerability to neurotoxins and to a higher susceptibility of PD [3]. However, to date, all known risk factors explain only part of the heritability of PD and thus suggest additional genetic contributions. This might include interactions of genetic risk factors. After obtaining informed consent, we included 400 Caucasian PD patients enrolled in a clinical study in the US [12] and 353 controls from the US from the NINDS Human Genetics DNA Repository at the Coriell Institute for Medical Research. For diagnosis, the presence of bradykinesia was required in combination with at least one other cardinal symptom, i.e., rigidity, resting tremor, or postural instability [2]. All patients were diagnosed within 5 years of enrollment. The study was approved by the local ethics committees and performed in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki. We genotyped seven polymorphisms in six genes (Table 1, part A) previously reported as common genetic risk factors for PD [9]. Genotyping methods included polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, melting curve analysis, PCR fragment length determination, and direct sequencing. NAT2 metabolizer phenotype was inferred using a validated discriminator [6]. PD risk attributable to each gene and their two-way interactions were estimated by logistic regression controlling for age and gender. Two-tailed p values for the seven single gene effects and for the 21 possible two-gene interactions were adjusted for multiple comparisons using a step-down Bonferroni correction. Consistent with the current literature [9], a significant association of PD risk was detected for both SNCA polymorphisms (Table 1, part A). No single gene association was found for any of the other genes including MAPT. A. Göbel S. Winkler C. Klein K. Lohmann (&) Section of Clinical and Molecular Neurogenetics, Department of Neurology, University of Lübeck, Ratzeburger Allee 160, 23538 Lubeck, Germany e-mail: katja.lohmann@neuro.uni-luebeck.de
Remaining useful life estimation - A review on the statistical data driven approaches

0377-2217/$ see front matter 2010 Elsevier B.V. A doi:10.1016/j.ejor.2010.11.018 ⇑ Corresponding authors at: Salford Business School M5 4WT, UK. Tel.: +44 0161 2954124; fax: +44 0161 2 010 62794461; fax: +86 010 62786911 (D.-H. Zhou). E-mail addresses: W.Wang@salford.ac.uk (W. Wan (D.-H. Zhou). Remaining useful life (RUL) is the useful life left on an asset at a particular time of operation. Its estimation is central to condition based maintenance and prognostics and health management. RUL is typically random and unknown, and as such it must be estimated from available sources of information such as the information obtained in condition and health monitoring. The research on how to best estimate the RUL has gained popularity recently due to the rapid advances in condition and health monitoring techniques. However, due to its complicated relationship with observable health information, there is no such best approach which can be used universally to achieve the best estimate. As such this paper reviews the recent modeling developments for estimating the RUL. The review is centred on statistical data driven approaches which rely only on available past observed data and statistical models. The approaches are classified into two broad types of models, that is, models that rely on directly observed state information of the asset, and those do not. We systematically review the models and approaches reported in the literature and finally highlight future research challenges. 2010 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
Analysis of Mode Coupling and Threshold Gain Control for Nanocircular Resonators Confined by Isolation and Metallic Layers

Mode coupling and the control of mode Q factor and threshold gain are analyzed for nanocircular resonators confined by isolation and metallic layers based on solving eigenvalue equation for multiple-layer structure circular resonators. For nanocircular resonators only confined by a metallic layer, the metallic layer can enhance the mode confinement for transverse magnetic (TM) whispering-gallery modes (WGMs) and result in high Q TM WGMs. But transverse electric (TE) WGMs can form hybrid modes of surface plasmon polaritons and dielectric modes, with the mode Q factors limited by the metallic layer absorption. By introducing a low index isolation layer between the resonator and the metallic layer, we can greatly enhance the mode Q factors for TE WGMs. However, the mode coupling between different radial modes and the variation of the optical confinement factor in the active layer can result in the oscillation of the mode Q factor and threshold gain versus the isolation layer thickness. The optimization of the isolation layer thickness is important to enhance the mode Q factor and the optical confinement factor for realizing low threshold gain.
Optimal Configuration for Urban VANETs Routing using Particle Swarm Optimization

Optimization Link State Routing Protocol (OLSR) is initially designed for ad hoc networks (MANETs). This protocol collects information to build and maintain the route between the source and the destination with minimum cost by periodically exchange Hello and control messages. The aggregate function of communication cost for all nodes computed based on the required performance metrics. The standard configuration of OLSR is insufficient with vehicular ad hoc networks (VANETs) due to its limited Wi-Fi coverage and high mobility that cause rapid changes in its topology. The limitation of the ordinary OLSR could produce the greatest amount of the generated routing overhead which in turn leads to a high degradation in the overall VANETs performance. In this paper, Particle Swarm Optimization is used to find optimal parameters to tune OLSR by aggregating the response performance metrics generated in a realistic VANETs simulation. The simulation results show that OLSR with optimum parameters achieved better performance in urban environment as compared to the ordinary OLSR.
Optimizing limited solar roof access by exergy analysis of solar thermal, photovoltaic, and hybrid photovoltaic thermal systems

An exergy analysis was performed to compare a conventional 1) two panel photovoltaic solar thermal hybrid (PVT x2) system, 2) side by side photovoltaic and thermal (PV +T) system, 3) two module photovoltaic (PV) system and 4) a two panel solar thermal (T x2) system with identical absorber areas to determine the superior technical solar energy systems for applications with a limited roof area. Three locations, Detroit, Denver and Phoenix, were simulated due to their differences in average monthly temperature and solar flux. The exergy analysis results show that PVT systems outperform the PV+T systems by 69% for all the locations, produce between 6.58.4% more exergy when matched against the purely PV systems and created 4 times as much exergy as the pure solar thermal system. The results clearly show that PVT systems, which are able to utilize all of the thermal and electrical energy generated, are superior in exergy performance to either PV+T or PV only systems. These results are discussed and future work is outlined to further geographically optimize PVT systems.
Using Dimension-Reduction Subspaces to Identify Important Inputs in Models of Physical Systems ∗

Graphical methods based on dimension-reduction subspaces for regression problems (Cook 1994) may be useful for studying the relative importance of inputs in computer models of physical systems. Sliced inverse regression (Li 1991), principal Hessian directions (Li 1992), ceres plots (Cook 1993), and inverse response plots (Cook and Weisberg 1994) are recent methods that can identify characteristics of dimension-reduction subspaces and facilitate graphical analyses of the important variables. These methods work well in the problem under consideration and may serve as important graphical methodology more generally, particularly when combined into a single paradigm for graphical regression analysis.
Animal-assisted activity among patients with cancer: effects on mood, fatigue, self-perceived health, and sense of coherence.

PURPOSE/OBJECTIVES
To identify to what extent an animal-assisted activity (i.e., visits with a dog) affects the mood, self-perceived health, and sense of coherence among patients undergoing radiation therapy.


DESIGN
Pretest/post-test between and within groups.


SETTING
Radiation oncology units of two hospitals in a mid-sized, midwestern city.


SAMPLE
30 adult patients undergoing nonpalliative radiation therapy.


METHODS
After giving informed consent, participants were randomly assigned to receive 12 dog visits, 12 human visits, or 12 quiet reading sessions over a four-week period.


FINDINGS
No statistically significant differences were found; however, compared with others their age, patients receiving dog visits viewed their health as improved over the four-week period. Participants described each of the three activities as beneficial. The study is primarily useful as a basis for planning additional research.


CONCLUSIONS
The study warrants replication with a larger sample to determine applicability of animal-assisted activity in patients with cancer who are undergoing radiation therapy.


IMPLICATIONS FOR NURSING
Patients may want and express benefit from animal-assisted activity dog visits, but the outcomes of the visits may not be measureable. Nurses should assess to what extent patients believe that such visits are beneficial by asking them. The visits may be valued by patients as helping to relieve their anxiety and as distractions from their disease and therapy.
Implementation of RFID Technology in Parking Lot Access Control System

Parking plays an important role in the traffic system since all vehicles require a storage location when they are not being used to transport passengers. Whether it is a parking lot or on-street parking there is a problem of parking revenue convenience. Implementation of the RFID technology could be a good solution for this problem.
Verb Phrase Ellipsis using Frobenius Algebras in Categorical Compositional Distributional Semantics

We sketch the basis of a categorical compositional distributional semantic approach to the analysis of verb phrase ellipsis.
JPE 10-1-2 Input-Series-Output-Parallel Connected DC / DC Converter for a Photovoltaic PCS with High Efficiency under a Wide Load Range

This paper proposes an input-series-output-parallel connected ZVS full bridge converter with interleaved control for photovoltaic power conditioning systems (PV PCS). The input-series connection enables a fully modular power-system architecture, where low voltage and standard power modules can be connected in any combination at the input and/or at the output, to realize any given specifications. Further, the input-series connection enables the use of low-voltage MOSFETs that are optimized for a very low RDSON, thus, resulting in lower conduction losses. The system costs decrease due to the reduced current, and the volumes of the output filters due to the interleaving technique. A topology for a photovoltaic (PV) dc/dc converter that can dramatically reduce the power rating and increase the efficiency of a PV system by analyzing the PV module characteristics is proposed. The control scheme, consisting of an output voltage loop, a current loop and input voltage balancing loops, is proposed to achieve input voltage sharing and output current sharing. The total PV system is implemented for a 10-kW PV power conditioning system (PCS). This system has a dc/dc converter with a 3.6-kW power rating. It is only one-third of the total PV PCS power. A 3.6-kW prototype PV dc/dc converter is introduced to experimentally verify the proposed topology. In addition, experimental results show that the proposed topology exhibits good performance.
Precambrian metallogeny related to tectonics in the eastern part of the Baltic Shield

Abstract The bulk of the eastern Baltic Shield is underlain by Archaean continental crust composed of three segments with varying tectonic settings. • - The Kola Peninsula Province consists of granulite-gneiss terrain with Fe, NiCu deposits; greenstone belts with NiCu, BIF and REE deposits; a highly deformed volcanic-sedimentary basin with kyanite deposits and Late Archaean gabbroanorthosite intrusions hosting FeTiV ores. • - The Karelian Province is a typical granite-greenstone belt terrain. The greenstone belts were formed during the Lopian orogeny (2.9-2.6 Ga) in tectonic environments resembling rifts and island arcs. They contain NiCu and massive pyrite deposits with Cu mineralizations, and BIF deposits. Late orogenic granites host Mo, CuMo deposits of the porphyry type. • - The Belomorian Province is a region of granulite-gneiss and granite-greenstone belt terrains reworked tectonically and metamorphically during the Lopian and Svecofennian orogenies (2.0–1.75 Ga) which involved continent-continent collision. Here, muscovite and rare metals-muscovite pegmatite deposits are related to Svecofennian igneous and metamorphic processes. In the Early Proterozoic the main metallogenic events were associated with intracontinental rift structures of the Karelian stage (2.5-2.0 Ga) in the Kuolajarvi-Vetrenny Poyas zone and the Monchegorsk-Fedorova-Pana Toundri zone and of the Svecofennian stage (2.0–1.8 Ga) in the Pechenga-Imandra-Varzuga zone. The above mentioned zones contain major NiCu, PGE and Ti deposits hosted by layered intrusions (2.45-2.35 Ga) and gabbro-wehrlites (2.0–1.9 Ga), and Cu and Au mineralizations hosted by metavolcanic rocks. Epicontinental sediments of the Jatulian Group (2.2-2.0 Ga) in a slightly deformed within-plate basin contain Cu, CuCo and schungite deposits. The Early Proterozoic Svecofennian Province is represented by the Ladoga belt only. Metamorphic zoning, thrusts, deformation and granite-gneiss domes developed, and some Cu, CuZn, FeTi, W and graphite mineralizations formed there. The tectonic setting of the Ladoga belt is interpreted as that of a deformed shelf deposit on a rifted and passive continental margin. In addition to this an abortive continental-rift belt with rapakivi granite intrusions (1.65-1.55 Ga) developed along the southern boundary of the Baltic Shield. Sn and SnCuZnFe deposits and fluorite and rare-metal mineralizations are associated with these granites.