LLukas22/scidocs huggingface dataset:
Institutional report-Congenital Fenoldopam in newborn patients undergoing cardiopulmonary bypass : controlled clinical trial

We determined if low dose fenoldopam in neonates already receiving conventional diuretics improves urine output, fluid balance, acute kidney injury incidence (AKI) and time to extubation. A prospective controlled clinical trial in a pediatric cardiac intensive care unit on 40 neonates undergoing cardiac surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass, excluding simple ventricular septal defect and atrial septal defect. Fenoldopam was infused at a low dose of 0.1 mgykgymin soon after anesthesia induction and infusion prolonged for 72 h in 20 patients. Twenty neonates with standardized perioperative therapy except fenoldopam administration served as controls. Demographic, hemodynamic, daily urine output, creatinine, creatinine clearance, serum and urinary sodium and potassium were recorded. Inotropic score (IS) was calculated as a surrogate for the degree of hemodynamic impairment. Low dose fenoldopam infusion did not show beneficial effects in renal function. The treatment did not significantly affect IS value, AKI incidence, fluid balance control, time to sternal closure, time to extubation and time to intensive care unit discharge. Low dose fenoldopam in neonates undergoing cardiac surgery with CPB did not produce effects on urine output, fluid balance and AKI incidence. Fenoldopam was well tolerated and did not negatively affect hemodynamics and vasopressor support. 2008 Published by European Association for Cardio-Thoracic Surgery. All rights reserved.
Myocardial sympathetic innervation in patients with symptomatic coronary artery disease: follow-up after 1 year with neurostimulation.

UNLABELLED
In both diabetic and nondiabetic patients, there is a loose correlation between coronary flow reserve (CFR) and sympathetic innervation in viable myocardial segments. The loose correlation implies that sympathetic innervation may be preserved even with major impairment of myocardial blood supply. In some patients, denervation is due to repetitive episodes of ischemia in areas with severely reduced CFR. We investigated the long-term effect of reduced CFR on myocardial sympathetic innervation in diabetic and nondiabetic patients with spinal cord stimulation.


METHODS
We analyzed 23 patients (10 diabetic and 13 nondiabetic) with coronary artery disease and without known cardiac autonomic neuropathy. At baseline, we determined quantitative myocardial blood flow using (13)N-ammonia PET, myocardial viability using (18)F-FDG PET, and cardiac innervation using (11)C-hydroxyephedrine (HED) PET. At the 1-y follow-up we measured CFR and (11)C-HED retention. During follow-up, no cardiac intervention was performed and no myocardial infarction occurred. In all patients, spinal cord stimulation was performed for relief of angina.


RESULTS
There was no significant difference in segmental (11)C-HED retention between baseline and follow-up in the whole patient group. In diabetic patients, as well as in segments with severely reduced CFR (<1.5), (11)C-HED retention showed a small but significant decrease (P<0.05). Linear regression of segmental (11)C-HED retention between baseline and follow-up was high (r(2)=0.81), confirming good reproducibility of the investigation on the one hand and little change in regional sympathetic innervation on the other hand.


CONCLUSION
In patients with stable chronic coronary artery disease, sympathetic innervation of the myocardium is almost unchanged in both diabetic and nondiabetic patients in a 1-y follow-up. In myocardial segments with severely altered blood supply, a small but significant decrease in (11)C-HED retention most probably reflects ischemic neuronal damage. The prognostic relevance of sympathetic denervation in viable myocardium still has to be determined.
The fabrication of transmission line on the glass substrate

Glass substrate has advantages of lower cost and lower RF loss compared with high resistivity Si substrate, but there is a challenge within process fabrication by the conventional CMOS fabrication system because of wafer transparency. Temporary bonding and de-bonding technology was used within process development. Transmission line was designed and fabricated on the glass substrate after process optimization.
A hybrid support vector machines and logistic regression approach for forecasting intermittent demand of spare parts

Owing to demand characteristics of spare part, demand forecasting for spare parts is especially difficult. Based on the properties of spare part demand, we develop a hybrid forecasting approach, which can synthetically evaluate autocorrelation of demand time series and the relationship of explanatory variables with demand of spare part. In the described approach, support vector machines (SVMs) are adapted to forecast occurrences of nonzero demand of spare part, and a hybrid mechanism for integrating the SVM forecast results and the relationship of occurrence of nonzero demand with explanatory variables is proposed. Using real data sets of 30 kinds of spare parts from a petrochemical enterprise in China, we show that our method produces more accurate forecasts of distribution of lead-time demands of spare parts than do current methods across almost all the lead times. 2006 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
Elevation of arginine vasopressin levels following loop diuretic therapy as a prognostic indicator in heart failure

Objective To investigate the association between arginine vasopressin (AVP) levels and loop diuretic (LD) therapy in patients with heart failure and to determine if AVP levels are a prognostic indicator of treatment failure. Methods Patients with stable heart failure and reduced (< 40%) left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) were divided into those treated with (LD) or without LD (NLD). The LD group was separated into subgroups of high (> 6.5 pg/dl) and low (≤ 6.5 pg/dl) AVP levels. The clinical and biochemical characteristics of the two groups were compared and the prognostic value of AVP levels in heart failure evaluated. Results Of the 63 patients enrolled into the study, 41 (65.1%) were in the LD group and 22 (34.9%) were in the NLD group. Despite no differences between groups in LVEF, creatinine clearance, or brain natriuretic peptide, the LD group had significantly higher AVP levels compared with the NLD group. A Cox proportional-hazards model showed that AVP was an independent predictor of adverse events. In addition, the elevation in AVP in the LD group was inversely correlated with an increase in free water clearance but not serum osmolality and was related to poor outcome. Conclusions Elevated AVP levels in patients with heart failure who received LD therapy were associated with a poor prognosis. Loop diuretics may induce non-osmolar AVP release, which can worsen heart failure.
mHealth: a mechanism to deliver more accessible, more effective mental health care.

UNLABELLED
The increased popularity and functionality of mobile devices has a number of implications for the delivery of mental health services. Effective use of mobile applications has the potential to (a) increase access to evidence-based care; (b) better inform consumers of care and more actively engage them in treatment; (c) increase the use of evidence-based practices; and (d) enhance care after formal treatment has concluded. The current paper presents an overview of the many potential uses of mobile applications as a means to facilitate ongoing care at various stages of treatment. Examples of current mobile applications in behavioural treatment and research are described, and the implications of such uses are discussed. Finally, we provide recommendations for methods to include mobile applications into current treatment and outline future directions for evaluation.


KEY PRACTITIONER MESSAGE
Mobile devices are becoming increasingly common among the adult population and have tremendous potential to advance clinical care. Mobile applications have the potential to enhance clinical care at stages of treatment-from engaging patients in clinical care to facilitating adherence to practices and in maintaining treatment gains. Research is needed to validate the efficacy and effectiveness of mobile applications in clinical practice. Research on such devices must incorporate assessments of usability and adherence in addition to their incremental benefit to treatment.
Initial combination therapy versus step-up therapy in treatment to the target of remission in daily clinical practice in early rheumatoid arthritis patients: results from the DREAM registry.

BACKGROUND
Treat to target (T2T) is widely accepted as the standard of care for patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and has been shown to be more effective than traditional routine care. The objective of this study was to compare the effectiveness of two T2T strategies in patients with early RA: a step-up approach starting with methotrexate (MTX) monotherapy (cohort I) versus an initial disease-modifying antirheumatic drug combination approach (cohort II).


METHODS
A total of 128 patients from cohort II were case-control-matched with 128 patients from cohort I on gender, age, and baseline disease activity. Twelve-month follow-up data were available for 121 patients in both cohorts. The primary outcome was the proportion of patients having reached at least one 28-joint Disease Activity Score (DAS28) score <2.6 (remission) during 12 months of follow-up. Secondary outcomes were time until remission was achieved and mean DAS28 scores at 6- and 12-month follow-up.


RESULTS
After 12 months of follow-up, remission was reached at least once in 77.3 % of the patients in cohort II versus 71.9 % in cohort I (P = 0.31). Median time until first remission was 17 weeks in cohort II versus 27 weeks in cohort I (P = 0.04). A significant time by strategy interaction was found in mean DAS28 scores. Post hoc analysis revealed a significant difference in mean DAS28 scores between both cohorts at 6 months (P = 0.04), but not at 12 months (P = 0.36).


CONCLUSIONS
The initial combination strategy resulted in a comparable remission rate after 1 year but a significantly shorter time until remission. At 6 months, mean DAS28 scores were lower in patients with initial combination treatment than in those with step-up therapy. At 12 months, no significant differences remained in mean DAS28 scores or the proportion of patients in remission.
Traffic Sign Recognition Using Extreme Learning Classifier with Deep Convolutional Features

Traffic sign recognition is an important but challenging task, especially for automated driving and driver assistance. Its accuracy depends on two aspects: feature extractor and classifier. Current popular algorithms mainly use convolutional neural networks (CNN) to execute both feature extraction and classification. Such methods could achieve impressive results but usually on the basis of an extremely huge and complex network. What’s more, since the fullyconnected layers in CNN form a classical neural network classifier, which is trained by gradient descent-based implementations, the generalization ability is limited and sub-optimal. The performance could be further improved if other favorable classifiers are used and extreme learning machine (ELM) classifier is just the candidate. In this paper, ELM classifier equipped with deep convolutional features is utilized, which integrates the terrific discriminative capability of deep convolutional features learnt by CNN with the outstanding generalization performance of ELM classifier. Firstly CNN learns deep and robust features, followed by the removing of the fully-connected layers, which turns CNN to be the feature extractor. Then ELM fed with the CNN features is used as the classifier to conduct an excellent classification. Experiments on German traffic sign recognition benchmark (GTSRB) demonstrate that the proposed method can obtain competitive results with state-of-the-art algorithms with much less complexity.
Electrospun PLGA–silk fibroin–collagen nanofibrous scaffolds for nerve tissue engineering

Electrospun nanofibrous scaffolds varying different materials are fabricated for tissue engineering. PLGA, silk fibroin, and collagen-derived scaffolds have been proved on good biocompatibility with neurons. However, no systematic studies have been performed to examine the PLGA–silk fibroin–collagen (PLGA-SF-COL) biocomposite fiber matrices for nerve tissue engineering. In this study, different weight ratio PLGA-SF-COL (50:25:25, 30:35:35) scaffolds were produced via electrospinning. The physical and mechanical properties were tested. The average fiber diameter ranged from 280 + 26 to 168 + 21 nm with high porosity and hydrophilicity; the tensile strength was 1.76 ± 0.32 and 1.25 ± 0.20 Mpa, respectively. The results demonstrated that electrospinning polymer blending is a simple and effective approach for fabricating novel biocomposite nanofibrous scaffolds. The properties of the scaffolds can be strongly influenced by the concentration of collagen and silk fibroin in the biocomposite. To assay the cytocompatibility, Schwann cells were seeded on the scaffolds; cell attachment, growth morphology, and proliferation were studied. SEM and MTT results confirmed that PLGA-SF-COL scaffolds particularly the one that contains 50% PLGA, 25% silk fibroin, and 25% collagen is more suitable for nerve tissue engineering compared to PLGA nanofibrous scaffolds.
TreeDyn: towards dynamic graphics and annotations for analyses of trees

Analyses of biomolecules for biodiversity, phylogeny or structure/function studies often use graphical tree representations. Many powerful tree editors are now available, but existing tree visualization tools make little use of meta-information related to the entities under study such as taxonomic descriptions or gene functions that can hardly be encoded within the tree itself (if using popular tree formats). Consequently, a tedious manual analysis and post-processing of the tree graphics are required if one needs to use external information for displaying or investigating trees. We have developed TreeDyn, a tool using annotations and dynamic graphical methods for editing and analyzing multiple trees. The main features of TreeDyn are 1) the management of multiple windows and multiple trees per window, 2) the export of graphics to several standard file formats with or without HTML encapsulation and a new format called TGF, which enables saving and restoring graphical analysis, 3) the projection of texts or symbols facing leaf labels or linked to nodes, through manual pasting or by using annotation files, 4) the highlight of graphical elements after querying leaf labels (or annotations) or by selection of graphical elements and information extraction, 5) the highlight of targeted trees according to a source tree browsed by the user, 6) powerful scripts for automating repetitive graphical tasks, 7) a command line interpreter enabling the use of TreeDyn through CGI scripts for online building of trees, 8) the inclusion of a library of packages dedicated to specific research fields involving trees. TreeDyn is a tree visualization and annotation tool which includes tools for tree manipulation and annotation and uses meta-information through dynamic graphical operators or scripting to help analyses and annotations of single trees or tree collections.
The Communications Satellite Industry as an Element in Nigeria’s Attempt to Modernise Its Economy and Society

There is general consensus that Nigeria’s inordinate reliance on oil has not had a positive impact on its social and economic development – indeed, that Nigeria has suffered from the ‘resource curse’. In 2009, the National Planning Commission of Nigeria, the custodian of the Vision 20:2020 document as well as the 30-year National Integrated Infrastructure Master Plan (NIIMP), which stressed the need for Nigeria to reduce its reliance on hydrocarbons, a crucial element in this goal is Information and Communications Technology. This paper examines the establishment of the communications satellite industry and its strategic role as critical ICT backbone infrastructure in driving Nigeria’s national ICT revolution beyond cities and urban areas to unserved and underserved areas and its growing value chain in key economic sectors of the Nigerian economy and society. Keywords: Nigeria, Resource Curse, ICT, Communication Satellites.
A WIDE OPEN U-SLOT ANTENNA WITH A PAIR OF SYMMETRICAL L-STRIPS FOR WLAN APPLICATIONS

Abstract—A wide open slot antenna with a pair of symmetrical Lstrips for dual-band WLAN applications is proposed in this paper. A T-shaped monopole is used to cover 5.15 ∼ 5.825GHz. To achieve dual-band characteristic, a pair of symmetrical L-strips is embedded in the wide open U-slot to generate another band covering 2.4 ∼ 2.48GHz. The two bands are relatively independent from each other. The proposed antenna has the advantages of simple structure and excellent performance on the WLAN 2.4/5.2/5.8 GHz bands. The measured results of the fabricated antenna show that the impedance bandwidths are 150MHz from 2.37 to 2.52 GHz and 1270MHz from 4.83 to 6.10 GHz, which cover all the desired operating bands. Furthermore, the antenna design and some significant parametric studies are also described in detail.
Learning the Classification of Traffic Accident Types

This paper presents an application of evolutionary fuzzy classifier design to a road accident data analysis. A fuzzy classifier evolved by the genetic programming was used to learn the labeling of data in a real world road accident data set. The symbolic classifier was inspected in order to select important features and the relations among them. Selected features provide a feedback for traffic management authorities that can exploit the knowledge to improve road safety and mitigate the severity of traffic accidents.
'Avoiding harm to others' considerations in relation to parental measles, mumps and rubella (MMR) vaccination discussions - an analysis of an online chat forum.

Vaccination against contagious diseases is intended to benefit individuals and contribute to the eradication of such diseases from the population as a whole. The Measles, Mumps and Rubella (MMR) vaccine is widely recommended for all children with the aim of protecting against measles, mumps, and rubella. However, within the UK, there has been significant controversy surrounding its safety. This paper presents findings from a UK study of discussions about MMR in an online chat forum for parents. We observed archived discussions (without posting any messages) and conducted a thematic analysis to explore in more detail how participants discussed particular topics. Most participants were female, had young children, lived in the UK. They had reached a range of decisions regarding MMR vaccination. This analysis focuses on discussions about 'avoiding harm to others,' which were important considerations for many of the participating parents. In the context of concerns about MMR safety, participants expressed a desire to both (a) protect their own child and (b) help protect others by contributing to herd immunity. Parents made a distinction between healthy and vulnerable children which had important implications for their views about who should bear the burden of vaccination. Some parents were quite critical of those who did not vaccinate healthy children, and urged them to do so on grounds of social responsibility. Our findings suggest that social scientists with an interest in vaccination practice should attend carefully to lay understandings of herd immunity as a public good and views about obligations to others in society. Policy makers, too, might consider giving more emphasis to herd immunity in vaccination promotional material, although attention should be paid to the ways in which parents distinguish between healthy and vulnerable children.
Major eye diseases and risk factors associated with systemic hypertension in an adult Chinese population: the Beijing Eye Study.

PURPOSE
To assess the relationship of hypertension with major eye diseases and other ocular parameters.


DESIGN
Population-based study.


PARTICIPANTS
The Beijing Eye Study is a population-based study that included 4439 Chinese subjects examined at the baseline examination in 2001; there was a follow-up examination in 2006, in which 3251 subjects participated, of whom 3222 had blood pressure measurements.


METHODS
All participants underwent an ophthalmic examination, anthropometric measurements, and blood pressure measurement. Hypertension was defined as a systolic blood pressure >or=140 mmHg and/or diastolic blood pressure >or=90 mmHg, and/or self-reported current treatment for hypertension with antihypertensive medication.


MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES
Blood pressure and ocular parameters, including intraocular pressure and prevalence of major ophthalmic diseases.


RESULTS
Mean age of participants in the present study was 60.4+/-10.0 years. Hypertension was present in 1500 (46.6%) of the 3222 subjects who had their blood pressure measured. In multiple regression analysis, hypertension was associated with higher intraocular pressure (beta = 0.39; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.12-0.66; P = 0.005), focal arteriolar narrowing (odds ratio [OR], 1.78; 95% CI, 1.34-2.36; P<0.001), arteriovenous nicking (OR, 1.50; 95% CI, 1.11-2.04; P = 0.009), generalized retinal arteriolar narrowing (OR, 1.65; 95% CI, 1.30-2.09; P<0.001), retinal vein occlusions (OR, 2.86; 95% CI, 1.21-6.80; P = 0.02), and diabetic retinopathy (OR, 1.90; 95% CI, 1.08-3.31; P = 0.02). Hypertension was not significantly associated with the prevalence of open-angle glaucoma (P = 0.19), angle-closure glaucoma (P = 0.15), age-related macular degeneration (AMD) (P = 0.73), nuclear cataract (P = 0.88), posterior subcapsular cataract (P = 0.30), cortical cataract (P = 0.10), or area of alpha zone (P = 0.05) or beta zone of parapapillary atrophy (P = 0.95).


CONCLUSIONS
In Chinese persons, while controlling for other systemic parameters, hypertension was associated with increased intraocular pressure, retinal microvascular abnormalities, and prevalence of retinal vein occlusion and diabetic retinopathy. Hypertension was not associated significantly with AMD, age-related cataract, or glaucoma.
Introducing Dynamic Mathematics Software to Secondary School Teachers: the Case of GeoGebra

this article describes a study aimed to identify most common impediments related to the introduction of an open-source mathematical software package GeoGebra. we report on the analysis of data collected during a three-week professional development programme organised for middle and high school teachers in Florida. the study identified challenges participants face during workshops and evaluated the difficulty levels of GeoGebra tools. Findings of the study, complexity criteria of software tools and commonly occurring difficulties, provided the basis for the development of several new materials assisting workshop activities and contributed to the improvement of introductory GeoGebra workshops.
How Professionals Learn through Work

This is the first draft of a working paper commissioned by SCEPTrE. It is based mainly on the extensive research undertaken by Professor Eraut on how professionals learn in their workplace, particularly during the early stages of their career. In the first instance this paper is being written for Senior Tutors with responsibility for placement learning. It is intended to inform them of the nature of learning and the practices that support good learning and progression in learning in the workplace setting. The paper is intended to stimulate discussion and SCEPTrE will be facilitating meetings with Professor Eraut to discuss how this research can inform our practices. One possibility is the development of simple tools to facilitate observation, reflection and self-evaluation by students while they are on placement.