LLukas22/scidocs huggingface dataset:
Designing Microblog Direct Messages to Engage Social Media Users With Suicide Ideation: Interview and Survey Study on Weibo

BACKGROUND
While Web-based interventions can be efficacious, engaging a target population's attention remains challenging. We argue that strategies to draw such a population's attention should be tailored to meet its needs. Increasing user engagement in online suicide intervention development requires feedback from this group to prevent people who have suicide ideation from seeking treatment.


OBJECTIVE
The goal of this study was to solicit feedback on the acceptability of the content of messaging from social media users with suicide ideation. To overcome the common concern of lack of engagement in online interventions and to ensure effective learning from the message, this research employs a customized design of both content and length of the message.


METHODS
In study 1, 17 participants suffering from suicide ideation were recruited. The first (n=8) group conversed with a professional suicide intervention doctor about its attitudes and suggestions for a direct message intervention. To ensure the reliability and consistency of the result, an identical interview was conducted for the second group (n=9). Based on the collected data, questionnaires about this intervention were formed. Study 2 recruited 4222 microblog users with suicide ideation via the Internet.


RESULTS
The results of the group interviews in study 1 yielded little difference regarding the interview results; this difference may relate to the 2 groups' varied perceptions of direct message design. However, most participants reported that they would be most drawn to an intervention where they knew that the account was reliable. Out of 4222 microblog users, we received responses from 725 with completed questionnaires; 78.62% (570/725) participants were not opposed to online suicide intervention and they valued the link for extra suicide intervention information as long as the account appeared to be trustworthy. Their attitudes toward the intervention and the account were similar to those from study 1, and 3 important elements were found pertaining to the direct message: reliability of account name, brevity of the message, and details of the phone numbers of psychological intervention centers and psychological assessment.


CONCLUSIONS
This paper proposed strategies for engaging target populations in online suicide interventions.
Jejunal Infusion of Levodopa–Carbidopa Intestinal Gel Versus Oral Administration of Levodopa–Carbidopa Tablets in Japanese Subjects with Advanced Parkinson’s Disease: Pharmacokinetics and Pilot Efficacy and Safety

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE
Oral levodopa-carbidopa (LC-oral) treatment in advanced Parkinson's disease (PD) is associated with motor complications due to large fluctuations in levodopa plasma concentrations. Levodopa-carbidopa intestinal gel (LCIG) provides individualized continuous levodopa-carbidopa delivery through intrajejunal infusion. This study evaluated the pharmacokinetics, safety, and efficacy of LCIG relative to LC-oral in Japanese subjects with advanced PD.


METHODS
Subjects with advanced PD were converted from their anti-PD medications to individually optimized doses of LC-oral (10:1 levodopa:carbidopa ratio) for 28 days (baseline; period 1) followed by switching to intrajejunal infusion of LCIG (4:1 ratio) for 21 days (period 2). Pharmacokinetics, adverse events (AEs), and efficacy were assessed.


RESULTS
Eight patients were enrolled. Six received LCIG and four reported at least one AE [most common: fall (33.3 %), dyskinesia (33.3 %)]; one discontinued due to an AE. The average daily dose was 1230/123 and 1370/342 mg levodopa/carbidopa for LC-oral and LCIG, respectively, at the end of each period. The degree of fluctuation and intra-subject variability of levodopa plasma concentrations were 5.5- and 4-fold lower, respectively, with LCIG than with LC-oral. Levodopa bioavailability was 99 % for LCIG relative to LC-oral. Compared with baseline, LCIG decreased "Off" time (2.68 h, P = 0.002) and increased "On" time without troublesome dyskinesia (2.35 h, P = 0.006) in the PD Diary(©). With the small sample size, no statistically significant changes were seen on other efficacy endpoints.


CONCLUSIONS
In Japanese subjects with advanced PD, LCIG resulted in an improved pharmacokinetic profile that appeared to be associated with reduced motor complications compared with LC-oral. These results extend previous findings in mainly Caucasian populations.
Personalising Speech-To-Speech Translation in the EMIME Project

In the EMIME project we have studied unsupervised cross-lingual speaker adaptation. We have employed an HMM statistical framework for both speech recognition and synthesis which provides transformation mechanisms to adapt the synthesized voice in TTS (text-to-speech) using the recognized voice in ASR (automatic speech recognition). An important application for this research is personalised speech-to-speech translation that will use the voice of the speaker in the input language to utter the translated sentences in the output language. In mobile environments this enhances the users’ interaction across language barriers by making the output speech sound more like the original speaker’s way of speaking, even if she or he could not speak the output language.
Sympathy, empathy, and compassion: A grounded theory study of palliative care patients’ understandings, experiences, and preferences

BACKGROUND
Compassion is considered an essential element in quality patient care. One of the conceptual challenges in healthcare literature is that compassion is often confused with sympathy and empathy. Studies comparing and contrasting patients' perspectives of sympathy, empathy, and compassion are largely absent.


AIM
The aim of this study was to investigate advanced cancer patients' understandings, experiences, and preferences of "sympathy," "empathy," and "compassion" in order to develop conceptual clarity for future research and to inform clinical practice.


DESIGN
Data were collected via semi-structured interviews and then independently analyzed by the research team using the three stages and principles of Straussian grounded theory.


SETTING/PARTICIPANTS
Data were collected from 53 advanced cancer inpatients in a large urban hospital.


RESULTS
Constructs of sympathy, empathy, and compassion contain distinct themes and sub-themes. Sympathy was described as an unwanted, pity-based response to a distressing situation, characterized by a lack of understanding and self-preservation of the observer. Empathy was experienced as an affective response that acknowledges and attempts to understand individual's suffering through emotional resonance. Compassion enhanced the key facets of empathy while adding distinct features of being motivated by love, the altruistic role of the responder, action, and small, supererogatory acts of kindness. Patients reported that unlike sympathy, empathy and compassion were beneficial, with compassion being the most preferred and impactful.


CONCLUSION
Although sympathy, empathy, and compassion are used interchangeably and frequently conflated in healthcare literature, patients distinguish and experience them uniquely. Understanding patients' perspectives is important and can guide practice, policy reform, and future research.
Tinea capitis among primary school children in some parts of central Nigeria.

Tinea capitis is the most common superficial mycosis in children of school age. Although it is of public health importance, it is not a reportable or notifiable disease; therefore, actual prevalence figures are unknown in many endemic areas. The aim of this work was to determine the prevalence of tinea capitis among primary school children in two states in central Nigeria, highlighting the main aetiological agents of the infection and possible predisposing factors. A total of 28 505 primary school children aged between 3 and 16 years were recruited for the study, from 12 primary schools in two local government areas of Benue and Plateau States of Nigeria. Of them, 796 had lesions, which were clinically suggestive of tinea capitis out of which 248 (31.2%) were confirmed positive by microscopy and culture. Tinea capitis was more frequent in males, 194 (78.2%) than in females, 54 (21.8%). Children aged 10-14 years, followed by 5-9 years were predominantly infected, with 106 (42.7%) and 100 (40.3%) respectively. There was a significant correlation between age group and occurrence of tinea capitis in the study population at 95% confidence level (P = 0.004). Tinea capitis was significantly more frequent in Jos State (44.6%) than in Gboko State (23.2%) (t = .659; 95% confidence level). The prevalence of tinea capitis was influenced by social and cultural habits of the areas rather than by population density. The aetiological agent of tinea capitis in the study population was Trichophyton soudanense, 76 (30.6%), followed by Microsporum ferrugineum, 19 (7.7%) and Microsporum audouinii, 19 (7.7%). Differences in aetiology were observed for Gboko and Jos, except for T. soudanense, which predominated in both areas. The high prevalence of tinea capitis in the areas studied may be attributed to frequent interaction with soil and animals and low level of health education on personal and environmental hygiene. Aetiological agents varied from one geographical area to another.
Hyper osmolality does not modulate natriuretic peptide concentration in patients after coronary artery surgery.

BACKGROUND
The heart secretes natriuretic peptides (NPs) in response to myocardial stretch. Measuring NP concentrations is a helpful tool in guiding treatment. It has been suggested that sodium ion and hyperosmolality could affect NP excretion. If this is true, peri-operative NP measurements could be inconsistent when hypertonic solutions are used. With different osmolalities but equal volumes of hydroxyethyl starch (HES)--and hypertonic saline (HS)--infusions, this double-blinded study tested the hypothesis that osmolality modulates the excretion of NPs.


METHODS
Fifty coronary surgery patients were randomized to receive within 30 min 4 ml/kg either HS or HES post-operatively. Samples for analysis of atrial NP (ANP), brain NP (BNP), plasma and urine sodium and osmolality and urine oxygen tension were obtained before and 60 min after starting the infusions and on the first post-operative morning. The haemodynamic parameters were measured at the same time points.


RESULTS
Plasma osmolality and sodium increased only in the HS group. Changes in plasma BNP and ANP levels did not differ between the groups (P=0.212 and 0.356). There were no correlations between NP levels and osmolality or sodium at any time point. In the HS group, urine volume was higher (3295 vs. 2644 ml; P<0.05) and the need for furosemide treatment was less (0.4 vs. 3.8 mg; P<0.01) than in the HES group.


CONCLUSIONS
The absence of effects of plasma sodium content or hyperosmolality on NP release validates the value of NPs as a biomarker in peri-operative patients.
Gamification and learning: a review of issues and research

This paper will review the literature on gamification and aim to apply principles of analysis for synthesize existing research, identify issues of controversy, uncover areas that future gamification research should investigate. The paper starts with an introductory paragraph which gives an overview of the topic (i.e., define the concept, identify the characteristic components, discuss about the elements of a gamified experience). Then, the attention is focused on gamified learning, in order to investigate what happens when gamification is introduced in class, especially on student’s motivation, engagement, and performances. The last part focuses on the lines of research to be pursued in the area of gamification and suggestions are made regarding those aspects which would benefit most from future research.
A new approach to battery powered electric vehicles: A hydrogen fuel-cell-based range extender system

Sometimes technology and development of society run slightly different roads. This situation is now happening in the case of hydrogen as an energy carrier in the automotive world. In the article presented here, the authors propose a change in the structure of the power plant of Battery Electric Vehicles (BEV). The objective is that these vehicles can be presently used until the development of an electric and/or hydrogen recharge/refuel network allows being useful with the current status. In this paper a new concept of Extended Range Electric Vehicle (EREV) based in a Fuel Cell Electric Vehicle (FCEV) set model is presented. A study is then developed in order to determine the working conditions that will lead to better efficiency and performance, referring to capacity of both energy sources: electricity stored in a Lithium-Ion battery and hydrogen gas in high pressure tanks. The possibilities here shown open the door to strategic advantages and innovation for car designers in the future. Copyright © 2016, Hydrogen Energy Publications, LLC. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights
A brief mindfulness-based cognitive behavioral intervention improves sexual functioning versus wait-list control in women treated for gynecologic cancer.

GOAL
The goal of this study was to evaluate a mindfulness-based cognitive behavioral intervention for sexual dysfunction in gynecologic cancer survivors compared to a wait-list control group.


METHODS
Thirty-one survivors of endometrial or cervical cancer (mean age 54.0, range 31-64) who self-reported significant and distressing sexual desire and/or sexual arousal concerns were assigned either to three, 90-minute mindfulness-based cognitive behavior therapy sessions or two months of wait-list control prior to entering the treatment arm. Validated measures of sexual response, sexual distress, and mood, as well as laboratory-evoked physiological and subjective sexual arousal were assessed at pre-, one month post-, and 6-months following treatment.


RESULTS
There were no significant effects of the wait-list condition on any measure. Treatment led to significant improvements in all domains of sexual response, and a trend towards significance for reducing sexual distress. Perception of genital arousal during an erotic film was also significantly increased following the intervention despite no change in physiologically-measured sexual arousal.


CONCLUSIONS
A brief mindfulness-based intervention was effective for improving sexual functioning. Geographic restrictions permitted only a select sample of survivors to participate, thus, the generalizability of the findings is limited. Future studies should aim to develop online modalities for treatment administration to overcome this limitation.
Gradient Descent Learns Linear Dynamical Systems

We prove that stochastic gradient descent efficiently converges to the global optimizer of the maximum likelihood objective of an unknown linear time-invariant dynamical system from a sequence of noisy observations generated by the system. Even though the objective function is non-convex, we provide polynomial running time and sample complexity bounds under strong but natural assumptions. Linear systems identification has been studied for many decades, yet, to the best of our knowledge, these are the first polynomial guarantees for the problem we consider. Key-words: non-convex optimization, linear dynamical system, stochastic gradient descent, generalization bounds, time series, over-parameterization
Optimal sizing method for stand-alone hybrid solar – wind system with LPSP technology by using genetic algorithm

System power reliability under varying weather conditions and the corresponding system cost are the two main concerns for designing hybrid solar–wind power generation systems. This paper recommends an optimal sizing method to optimize the configurations of a hybrid solar–wind system employing battery banks. Based on a genetic algorithm (GA), which has the ability to attain the global optimum with relative computational simplicity, one optimal sizing method was developed to calculate the optimum system configuration that can achieve the customers required loss of power supply probability (LPSP) with a minimum annualized cost of system (ACS). The decision variables included in the optimization process are the PV module number, wind turbine number, battery number, PV module slope angle and wind turbine installation height. The proposed method has been applied to the analysis of a hybrid system which supplies power for a telecommunication relay station, and good optimization performance has been found. Furthermore, the relationships between system power reliability and system configurations were also given. 2007 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Digraphs - theory, algorithms and applications

One day, you will discover a new adventure and knowledge by spending more money. But when? Do you think that you need to obtain those all requirements when having much money? Why don't you try to get something simple at first? That's something that will lead you to know more about the world, adventure, some places, history, entertainment, and more? It is your own time to continue reading habit. One of the books you can enjoy now is digraphs theory algorithms and applications here.
Findings from the MATREX study: a treatment protocol for the delivery of manual chest therapy in respiratory care.

BACKGROUND
One of the difficulties in comparing the numerous studies on manual chest therapy (MCT) is the wide variety of techniques used and terms employed to describe the intervention. This lack of consistency in therapeutic approach and the absence of defined tools for evaluation have led to a continued air of skepticism about its true value. This paper presents a treatment protocol used in a large randomized controlled trial examining the efficacy and cost effectiveness of MCT for patients hospitalized with exacerbations of COPD.


METHODS
Consensus development meetings with key physical therapists were held to identify the essential elements of MCT, address potential areas of ambiguity, and provide a set of clear parameters within which treatment would be based and recorded. This iterative approach resulted in a treatment protocol that combined best clinical practice with the research evidence available to date.


RESULTS
In the Management of Exacerbations of COPD (MATREX) trial, 658 sessions of MCT were delivered by physical therapists over a 3 year period. A high level of adherence to the treatment protocol was seen for all but one of the protocol elements.


CONCLUSIONS
With respect to the essential elements of MCT, the treatment protocol used in the MATREX trial offers sufficient flexibility to the therapist, while being robust enough to maintain clinical trial integrity. The level of adherence by therapists indicates its professional acceptability with respect to delivering and evaluating this therapy.
My 50 years of research in particle physics

Some of my work of the last 50 years in the field of theoretical particle physics is described with particular emphasis on the motivation, the process of investigation, relationship to the work of others, and its impact. My judgment is unavoidably subjective, although I do present the comments of other researchers as much as possible.
Selective lesions of the dorsomedial striatum impair serial spatial reversal learning in rats

Impairments in reversal learning have been attributed to orbitofrontal cortex (OFC) dysfunction in many species. However, the role of subcortical areas interconnected with the OFC such as the striatum remains poorly understood. This study directly evaluated the contribution of core and shell sub-regions of the nucleus accumbens (NAc), dorsomedial (DMS) and dorsolateral (DLS) striatum to reversal learning of an instrumental two-lever spatial discrimination task in rats. Selective NAc core, DMS and DLS lesions were achieved with microinjections of quinolinic acid and NAc shell lesions with ibotenic acid. Damage to NAc core or shell did not affect retention of a previously acquired instrumental spatial discrimination. In contrast, DLS and DMS lesions produced changes in aspects of discrimination performance such as the latency to collect earned food pellets. Neither NAc core or shell lesions nor DLS lesions affected the main indices of reversal performance. Conversely, DMS lesion rats showed a significant impairment in reversal learning. DMS damage increased the number of errors to reach criteria that were perseverative in nature. The deficit in reversal learning in DMS lesion rats was not associated with an impairment to extinguish instrumental responding. There were no effects on spontaneous locomotor activity. Our data are in agreement with recent work showing that lesions of the medial striatum in marmoset monkeys produce perseverative impairments during a serial visual discrimination reversal task and support the hypothesis that dorsomedial striatal dysfunction contributes to pathological perseveration, which is a common feature of many psychiatric disorders.
NF is consistent

This is a package of two drafts of my claimed consistency proof for Quine's set theory New Foundations. The more recent one is my current working version. The older one takes a similar approach, and is included because it is the version read and mostly approved by Nathan Bowler's group in Hamburg. I am withdrawing other versions I have posted in the past to remove clutter; they are still available from me, and probably would work mod debugging.
Indexing Fingerprint Databases Based on Multiple Features

In a fingerprint identification system, a person is identified only by his fingerprint. To accomplish this, a database is searched by matching all entries to the given fingerprint. However, the maximum size of the database is limited, since each match takes some amount of time and has a small probability of error. A solution to this problem is to reduce the number of fingerprints that have to be matched. This is achieved by extracting features from the fingerprints and first matching the fingerprints that have the smallest feature distance to the query fingerprint. Using this indexing method, modern systems are able to search databases up to a few hundred fingerprints. In this paper, three possible fingerprint indexing features are discussed: the registered directional field estimate, FingerCode and minutiae triplets. It is shown that indexing schemes that are based on these features, are able to search a database more effectively than a simple linear scan. Next, a new indexing scheme is constructed that is based on advanced methods of combining these features. It is shown that this scheme results in a considerably better performance than the schemes that are based on the individual features or on more naive methods of combining the features, thus allowing much larger fingerprint databases to be searched. Keywords—image processing, fingerprint image classification, database search, multiple classifiers.