LLukas22/scidocs huggingface dataset:
Breast conserving therapy versus mastectomy for stage I-II breast cancer: 20 year follow-up of the EORTC 10801 phase 3 randomised trial.

BACKGROUND
The EORTC 10801 trial compared breast-conserving therapy (BCT) with modified radical mastectomy (MRM) in patients with tumours 5 cm or smaller and axillary node negative or positive disease. Compared with BCT, MRM resulted in better local control, but did not affect overall survival or time to distant metastases. We report 20-year follow-up results.


METHODS
The EORTC 10801 trial was open for accrual between 1980 and 1986 in eight centres in the UK, the Netherlands, Belgium, and South Africa. 448 patients were randomised to BCT and 420 to MRM. Randomisation was done centrally, stratifying patients by institute, carcinoma stage (I or II), and menopausal status. BCT comprised of lumpectomy and complete axillary clearance, followed by breast radiotherapy and a tumour-bed boost. The primary endpoint was time to distant metastasis. This analysis was done on all eligible patients, as they were randomised.


FINDINGS
After a median follow-up of 22·1 years (IQR 18·5-23·8), 175 patients (42%) had distant metastases in the MRM group versus 207 (46%) in the BCT group. Furthermore, 506 patients (58%) died (232 [55%] in the MRM group and 274 [61%] in the BCT group). No significant difference was observed between BCT and MRM for time to distant metastases (hazard ratio 1·13, 95% CI 0·92-1·38; p=0·23) or for time to death (1·11, 0·94-1·33; 0·23). Cumulative incidence of distant metastases at 20 years was 42·6% (95% CI 37·8-47·5) in the MRM group and 46·9% (42·2-51·6) in the BCT group. 20-year overall survival was estimated to be 44·5% (95% CI 39·3-49·5) in the MRM group and 39·1% (34·4-43·9) in the BCT group. There was no difference between the groups in time to distant metastases or overall survival by age (time to distant metastases: <50 years 1·09 [95% CI 0·79-1·51] vs ≥50 years 1·16 [0·90-1·50]; overall survival <50 years 1·17 [0·86-1·59] vs ≥50 years 1·10 [0·89-1·37]).


INTERPRETATION
BCT, including radiotherapy, offered as standard care to patients with early breast cancer seems to be justified, since long-term follow-up in this trial showed similar survival to that after mastectomy.


FUNDING
European Organisation for Research and Treatment of Cancer (EORTC).
A high-level overview of fundamental limits studies for the DARPA SSPARC program

This paper presents a high-level overview of the Fundamental Limits studies for the DARPA SSPARC program. It focuses on the key techniques and insights that have resulted from this effort and presents possible future research directions that have been suggested by these studies1.
Schottky Barrier Diodes for Millimeter Wave SiGe BiCMOS Applications

For the first time, a high performance, low leakage Schottky barrier diode (SBD) with cutoff frequency above 1.0 THz in a 130nm SiGe BiCMOS technology for millimeter-wave application is described. Device optimization has been evaluated by varying critical process and layout parameters such as, anode size, cathode depth, cathode resistivity, junction tailoring, and guardring optimization is investigated
How does the label “epileptic” influence attitudes toward epilepsy?

PURPOSE
The purpose of our research was to study the possible differences in attitudes toward epilepsy based on the label used: "person"/"child with epilepsy" vs. "epileptic"/"epileptic child".


METHODS
Two randomly assigned groups of college-preparatory high school students were questioned using anonymous questionnaires about their demographics, knowledge on epilepsy and attitudes toward epilepsy. Attitudes were measured using three general attitude questions and a six item modified version of the Bogardus social distance scale. Two versions of the questionnaire were identical except for the term "person"/"child with epilepsy" in first group (group A) being replaced with the term "epileptic"/"epileptic child" in the second one (group B). Mann-Whitney test was used to compare attitude scores between groups.


RESULTS
There were 425 subjects in total, 208 in group A and 217 in group B. The results on the Social distance scale indicated significantly more negative attitudes in group B (p=0.008). Subjects in group B also expressed more negative attitudes than those in group A when asked about sharing a room with a person with epilepsy (p=0.005) and marrying a person with epilepsy, either themselves (p=0.033) or when the person getting married is someone close to them (p=0.024).


CONCLUSION
In conclusion, using term "epileptic" can evoke more negative attitudes toward a person with epilepsy and this seems to be especially true for more intimate life domains (cohabitation or marriage), while in more impersonal domains (such as communicating and working with a person with epilepsy), no significant influence of the label on attitudes was proven.
Liver metastasis four years after Whipple's resection for solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas.

CONTEXT
Solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas is a rare tumor which usually affects young females in their second and third decade of life. Metastasis is very rare after a resection of curative intent.


CASE REPORT
We report a case of a 65-year-old white female who presented with metastasis to the liver four years after Whipple's resection for a solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas.


CONCLUSIONS
Solid-pseudopapillary tumors of the pancreas can present with metastasis a long time after resection of the primary tumor. Long term close follow up of these patients should be done. The survival rate even after liver metastasis is good.
Central vs. Bilateral Endoscopic Ultrasound-Guided Celiac Plexus Block or Neurolysis: A Comparative Study of Short-Term Effectiveness

OBJECTIVES:Endoscopic ultrasound (EUS)-guided celiac plexus block/neurolysis (CPB/N) can be performed by injecting at the base (central) or on either side (bilateral) of the celiac axis. Central CPB/N is easier and possibly safer. Bilateral CPB/N is more difficult but may be more effective as it reaches more ganglia. The aim of this study was to compare the short-term safety and efficacy of central and bilateral CPB/N.METHODS:Consecutive patients referred for CPB/N to a quaternary EUS center were eligible for this study. Central CPB/N was used in the first half of the study period and bilateral CPB/N in the last half. The primary outcome was the percent reduction in visual analog pain scores at day 7.RESULTS:A total of 184 patients were eligible. Out of them, 24 (13%) were excluded for incomplete data. A total of 160 were left (71 central, 89 bilateral). The groups were similar for all cogent variables. Bilateral CPB/N was more effective than central CPB/N (mean percent pain reduction 70.4% (61.0–80.0) vs. 45.9% (32.7–57.4); P=0.0016). The only predictor of a>50% pain reduction was bilateral CPB/N (odds ratio 3.55, 1.72–7.34). Only one complication was noted: self-limited bleeding because of laceration of the adrenal artery following bilateral celiac plexus (CP) block in an anticoagulated patient.CONCLUSIONS:(i) Bilateral CPB/N is more effective than central CPB/N; (ii) bilateral CPB/N is safe, but on rare occasions can cause trauma to the left adrenal artery; it should therefore be avoided in patients with a bleeding diathesis.
The Role of Medical Education in Reducing Health Care Disparities: The First Ten Years of the UCLA/Drew Medical Education Program

The University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA)/Charles R. Drew University Medical Education Program was developed to train physicians for practice in underserved areas. The UCLA/Drew Medical Education Program students receive basic science instruction at UCLA and complete their required clinical rotations in South Los Angeles, an impoverished urban community. We have previously shown that, in comparison to their UCLA counterparts, students in the Drew program had greater odds of maintaining their commitment to medically disadvantaged populations over the course of medical education. To examine the independent association of graduation from the UCLA/Drew program with subsequent choice of physician practice location. We hypothesized that participation in the UCLA/Drew program predicts future practice in medically disadvantaged areas, controlling for student demographics such as race/ethnicity and gender, indicators of socioeconomic status, and specialty choice. Retrospective cohort study. Graduates (1,071) of the UCLA School of Medicine and the UCLA/Drew Medical Education Program from 1985–1995, practicing in California in 2003 based on the address listed in the American Medical Association (AMA) Physician Masterfile. Physician address was geocoded to a California Medical Service Study Area (MSSA). A medically disadvantaged community was defined as meeting any one of the following criteria: (a) federally designated HPSA or MUA; (b) rural area; (c) high minority area; or (d) high poverty area. Fifty-three percent of UCLA/Drew graduates are located in medically disadvantaged areas, in contrast to 26.1% of UCLA graduates. In multivariate analyses, underrepresented minority race/ethnicity (OR: 1.57; 95% CI: 1.10–2.25) and participation in the Drew program (OR: 2.47; 95% CI: 1.59–3.83) were independent predictors of future practice in disadvantaged areas. Physicians who graduated from the UCLA/Drew Medical Education Program have higher odds of practicing in underserved areas than those who completed the traditional UCLA curriculum, even after controlling for other factors such as race/ethnicity. The association between participation in the UCLA/Drew Medical Education Program and physician practice location suggests that medical education programs may reinforce student goals to practice in disadvantaged communities.
Practical swing-up controller design for a cart-type single inverted pendulum having a serial second

This paper proposes a swing-up control scheme for a cart-type single pendulum having a serial second pendulum as a parasitic part. The proposed control scheme swings up the first pendulum with controlling the motion of a cart and being robust to the parasitic part. In the swing-up, the second pendulum is swinging at the top of the first pendulum and the motion of the second pendulum works as strong disturbance to the control of the first pendulum. Hence the control scheme is required to be strongly robust to the disturbance, and this paper uses sliding mode control law as the controller, which is strongly robust to disturbance. After the swing-up, the controller also stabilizes both angles of the pendulums and cart position. Numerical simulations are given to show the effectiveness of the proposed scheme. Copyright c ©2005 IFAC
Kinesthetic, but not visual, motor imagery modulates corticomotor excitability

The hypothesis that motor imagery and actual movement involve overlapping neural structures in the central nervous system is supported by multiple lines of evidence. The aim of this study was to examine the modulation of corticomotor excitability during two types of strategies for motor imagery: Kinesthetic Motor Imagery (KMI) and Visual Motor Imagery (VMI) in a phasic thumb movement task. Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) was applied over the contralateral motor cortex (M1) to elicit motor evoked potentials (MEPs) in the dominant abductor pollicis brevis (APB) and abductor digiti minimi (ADM). In a separate experiment, transcutaneous electrical stimuli were delivered to the median nerve at the dominant wrist, to elicit F-waves from APB. Imagined task performance was paced with a 1 Hz auditory metronome, and stimuli were delivered either 50 ms before (ON phase), or 450 ms after (OFF phase), the metronome beeps. Recordings were also made during two control conditions: Rest, and a Visual Static Imagery (VSI) condition. Significant MEP amplitude facilitation occurred only in APB, and only during the ON phase of KMI. F-wave persistence and amplitude were unaffected by imagery. These results demonstrate that kinesthetic, but not visual, motor imagery modulates corticomotor excitability, primarily at the supraspinal level. These findings have implications for the definition of motor imagery, and for its therapeutic applications.
Intelligent Market-Making in Artificial Financial Markets

Motivation: Progress in machine learning techniques has led to the development of various techniques well suited to online estimation and rapid aggregation of information. Theoretical models of marketmaking have led to price-setting equations for which solutions cannot be achieved in practice, whereas empirical work on algorithms for market-making has so far focused on sets of heuristics and rules that lack theoretical justification. We are developing algorithms that are theoretically justified by results in finance, and at the same time flexible enough to be easily extended by incorporating modules for dealing with considerations like portfolio risk and competition from other market-makers.
A VANET routing based on the real-time road vehicle density in the city environment

The intelligent transportation system (ITS) can enhance the driver's safety by providing safety-related information such as traffic conditions and accident information to drivers. The vehicular ad hoc network (VANET) is an essential technology for the deployment of ITS. And, for the reliable delivery of safety-related information to vehicles in the VANET, a reliable VANET routing protocol is required. VANET routing is challenging since it is fundamentally different from conventional ad hoc networks; the vehicles move fast, and the network topology changes rapidly causing intermittent link connectivity. In this paper, we propose a routing protocol that works based on the real-time road vehicle density in order to provide fast and reliable communications so that it adapts to the dynamic vehicular city environment. In the proposed routing mechanism, each vehicle computes the vehicle density of the road to which it belongs by using beacon messages and the road information table. Based on the real-time road vehicle density information, each vehicle establishes a reliable route for packet delivery. In order to evaluate the performance of the proposed mechanism, we compare our proposed mechanism with GPSR through NS-2 based simulations and show that our mechanism outperforms GPSR in terms of delivery success rate and routing overhead.
Prediction, learning, and games

Make more knowledge even in less time every day. You may not always spend your time and money to go abroad and get the experience and knowledge by yourself. Reading is a good alternative to do in getting this desirable knowledge and experience. You may gain many things from experiencing directly, but of course it will spend much money. So here, by reading prediction learning and games, you can take more advantages with limited budget.
Integrating the Quality Attribute Workshop ( QAW ) and the Attribute-Driven Design ( ADD ) Method

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Measuring the quality of Patients’ goals and action plans: development and validation of a novel tool

BACKGROUND
The purpose of this study is to develop and test reliability, validity, and utility of the Goal-Setting Evaluation Tool for Diabetes (GET-D). The effectiveness of diabetes self-management is predicated on goal-setting and action planning strategies. Evaluation of self-management interventions is hampered by the absence of tools to assess quality of goals and action plans. To address this gap, we developed the GET-D, a criteria-based, observer rating scale that measures the quality of patients' diabetes goals and action plans.


METHODS
We conducted 3-stage development of GET-D, including identification of criteria for observer ratings of goals and action plans, rater training and pilot testing; and then performed psychometric testing of the GET-D.


RESULTS
Trained raters could effectively rate the quality of patient-generated goals and action plans using the GET-D. Ratings performed by trained evaluators demonstrated good raw agreement (94.4%) and inter-rater reliability (Kappa = 0.66). Scores on the GET-D correlated well with measures theoretically associated with goal-setting, including patient activation (r=.252, P<.05), diabetes specific self-efficacy (r=.376, P<.001) and inverse relationship with depression (r= -.376, P<.01). Significant between group differences (P<.01) in GET-D scores between goal-setting intervention (mean = 7.33, standard deviation = 4.4) and education groups (mean = 4.93, standard deviation = 3.9) confirmed construct validity of the GET-D.


CONCLUSIONS
The GET-D can reliably and validly rate the quality of goals and action plans. It holds promise as a measure of intervention fidelity for clinical interventions that promote diabetes self-management behaviors to improve clinical outcomes.


TRIAL REGISTRATION
Clinicaltrials.gov Identifier: NCT00481286.
Preemptive treatment of minimal residual disease post transplant in CML using real-time quantitative RT-PCR: a prospective, randomized trial

Summary:Immunotherapy in the form of donor lymphocyte infusions in early-phase relapse might be advantageous as it induces a higher response, but this may be offset by increased toxicity, especially during the early period after transplantation. Among 45 consecutive patients receiving an allograft for CML, 13 patients were diagnosed to have molecular relapse (MRel), as defined by real-time quantitative reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction, and another four patients were diagnosed to have cytogenetic relapse (CRel) within 6 months. Patients with MRel were randomly assigned to either a ‘no therapy’ group (group A, n=6), in which immunotherapy was reserved until CRel, or an ‘immunotherapy’ group (group B, n=7). In group A, all MRel progressed to CRel, and molecular remission (MR) was achieved in four (67%) after immunotherapy. The remaining two patients died of extensive GVHD and fungal pneumonia. In group B, only two MRel progressed to CRel and the remaining five (71%) achieved MR. Two patients died in the absence or loss of response. In patients relapsing directly into CRel (n=4), immunotherapy induced MR in two patients (50%). Earlier intervention played a role in preventing disease progression but this effect was not translated into better survival, which could have been overcome by imatinib mesylate, which induced MR and cytogenetic remission in nonresponders without toxicity.
Design of Genetic Algorithm Based Fuzzy Logic Power System Stabilizers in Multimachine Power System

This paper presents the design of fuzzy logic power system stabilizers using genetic algorithms in multimachine power system. In the proposed fuzzy expert system, generator speed deviation and acceleration are chosen as input signals to fuzzy logic power system stabilizer. In this approach gains, centers of membership functions and the parameters of the fuzzy logic controllers have been tuned using genetic algorithm. Incorporation of GA in the design of fuzzy logic power system stabilizer will add an intelligent dimension to the stabilizer and significantly reduces computational time in the design process. The problem of selection of optimal parameters of fuzzy logic power system stabilizer is converted into an optimization problem and which is solved by genetic algorithm with the integral of squared time squared error (ISTSE) based objective function. To demonstrate the robustness of the proposed genetic based fuzzy logic power system stabilizer, simulation studies on multimachine system subjected to small perturbation and three-phase fault have been carried out. Simulation results show the superiority and robustness of GA based fuzzy logic power system stabilizer as compare to conventionally tuned controller.
The makers' movement and FabLabs in education: experiences, technologies, and research

In this paper, we introduce the origins and applications of digital fabrication and "making" in education, and discuss how they can be implemented, researched, and developed in schools. Our discussion is based on several papers and posters that we summarize into three categories: research, technology development, and experiences in formal and informal education.
Beyond conscientiousness: career optimism and satisfaction with academic major

The study focuses on psychological predictors of academic major satisfaction. According to the career construction theory (Savickas, 2005), vocational personality and career adaptability should generate career satisfaction. In this study, vocational personality was operationalized as Big Five conscientiousness, and career adaptability was operationalized as generalised self-efficacy and career optimism. A sample (N = 529) of university students completed an online survey. The resultant data were used to construct a structural model of the hypothesized relationships among variables. A good fitting model [χ2 = 10.454 (7) p = .164; GFI = .993; CFI = .999; RMSEA < .031 (<.001 .066)] indicated that career optimism fully mediated the relationship between conscientiousness and academic major satisfaction. Results were consistent with previous research into personality and academic performance. Moreover, the results highlight the significant role of optimism in satisfaction with career generally, and studies, specifically. Suggestions are made for future research into modelling the relationships according to different academic disciplines and for the potential role of optimism as a learning objective for career education and counseling.
Second harmonic generation spectroscopy on hybrid plasmonic/dielectric nanoantennas

Plasmonic nanoantennas provide unprecedented opportunities to concentrate light fields in subwavelength-sized volumes. By placing a nonlinear dielectric nanoparticle in such a hot spot, one can hope to take advantage of both the field enhancement provided by nanoantennas and the large, nonlinear optical susceptibility of dielectric nanoparticles. To test this concept, we combine gold gap nanoantennas with second-order, nonlinear zinc sulfide nanoparticles, and perform second harmonic generation (SHG) spectroscopy on the combined hybrid dielectric/plasmonic nanoantennas as well as on the individual constituents. We find that SHG from the bare gold nanoantennas, even though it should be forbidden due to symmetry reasons, is several orders of magnitude larger than that of the bare zinc sulfide nanoparticles. Even stronger second harmonic signals are generated by the hybrid dielectric/plasmonic nanoantennas. Control experiments with nanoantennas containing linear lanthanum fluoride nanoparticles reveal; however, that the increased SHG efficiency of the hybrid dielectric/plasmonic nanoantennas does not depend on the nonlinear optical susceptibility of the dielectric nanoparticles but is an effect of the modification of the dielectric environment. The combination of a hybrid dielectric/plasmonic nanoantenna, which is only resonant for the incoming pump light field, with a second nanoantenna, which is resonant for the generated second harmonic light, allows for a further increase in the efficiency of SHG. As the second nanoantenna mediates the coupling of the second harmonic light to the far field, this double-resonant approach also provides us with control over the polarization of the generated light.