LLukas22/scidocs huggingface dataset:
Intelligent Traffic Information System Based on Integration of Internet of Things and Agent Technology

In recent years popularity of private cars is getting urban traffic more and more crowded. As result traffic is becoming one of important problems in big cities in all over the world. Some of the traffic concerns are congestions and accidents which have caused a huge waste of time, property damage and environmental pollution. This research paper presents a novel intelligent traffic administration system, based on Internet of Things, which is featured by low cost, high scalability, high compatibility, easy to upgrade, to replace traditional traffic management system and the proposed system can improve road traffic tremendously. The Internet of Things is based on the Internet, network wireless sensing and detection technologies to realize the intelligent recognition on the tagged traffic object, tracking, monitoring, managing and processed automatically. The paper proposes an architecture that integrates internet of things with agent technology into a single platform where the agent technology handles effective communication and interfaces among a large number of heterogeneous highly distributed, and decentralized devices within the IoT. The architecture introduces the use of an active radio-frequency identification (RFID), wireless sensor technologies, object ad-hoc networking, and Internet-based information systems in which tagged traffic objects can be automatically represented, tracked, and queried over a network. This research presents an overview of a framework distributed traffic simulation model within NetLogo, an agentbased environment, for IoT traffic monitoring system using mobile agent technology. Keywords—Intelligent Traffic; Internet-of-Things; RFID; Wireless Sensor Networks; Agent Technology
On the Dominator Colorings in Bipartite Graphs

A graph has a dominator coloring if it has a proper coloring in which each vertex of the graph dominates every vertex of some color class. The dominator chromatic number <sub>Xd</sub>(G) is the minimum number of color classes in a dominator coloring of a graph G. In this paper we study the dominator chromatic number for the hypercube, Q<sub>n </sub> = Q<sub>n-</sub> times K<sub>2</sub> (with Q<sub>1</sub> cong P<sub>2</sub>, n ges 2), and more generally for bipartite graphs. We then conclude it with open questions for further research
Motor control exercises, sling exercises, and general exercises for patients with chronic low back pain: a randomized controlled trial with 1-year follow-up.

BACKGROUND
Exercise benefits patients with chronic nonspecific low back pain; however, the most effective type of exercise remains unknown.


OBJECTIVE
This study compared outcomes after motor control exercises, sling exercises, and general exercises for low back pain.


DESIGN
This was a randomized controlled trial with a 1-year follow-up.


SETTING
The study was conducted in a primary care setting in Norway.


PATIENTS
The participants were patients with chronic nonspecific low back pain (n=109).


INTERVENTIONS
The interventions in this study were low-load motor control exercises, high-load sling exercises, or general exercises, all delivered by experienced physical therapists, once a week for 8 weeks.


MEASUREMENTS
The primary outcome measure was pain reported on the Numeric Pain Rating Scale after treatment and at a 1-year follow-up. Secondary outcome measures were self-reported activity limitation (assessed with the Oswestry Disability Index), clinically examined function (assessed with the Fingertip-to-Floor Test), and fear-avoidance beliefs after intervention.


RESULTS
The postintervention assessment showed no significant differences among groups with respect to pain (overall group difference) or any of the outcome measures. Mean (95% confidence interval) group differences for pain reduction after treatment and after 1 year were 0.3 (-0.7 to 1.3) and 0.4 (-0.7 to 1.4) for motor control exercises versus sling exercises, 0.7 (-0.6 to 2.0) and 0.3 (-0.8 to 1.4) for sling exercises versus general exercises, and 1.0 (-0.1 to 2.0) and 0.7 (-0.3 to 1.7) for motor control exercises versus general exercises.


LIMITATIONS
The nature of the interventions made blinding impossible.


CONCLUSIONS
This study gave no evidence that 8 treatments with individually instructed motor control exercises or sling exercises were superior to general exercises for chronic low back pain.
PREVALENCE OF ANEMIA AMONG ADOLESCENT GIRLS IN AN URBAN SLUM

Introduction: Nutritional anemia is one of India's major public health problems. Adolescence is a vulnerable period in the human life cycle for the development of nutritional anemia. Anemia in adolescent girls contributes to maternal and foetal mortality and morbidity in future. Most of the health care services in India are for mother and child group. Objectives: To estimate prevalence of anemia among adolescent girls in an urban slum and to study socio-demographic and menstrual factors associated with it. Material and methods: A cross sectional community based study was conducted among 272 adolescent girls in an urban slum area under Urban Health Training centre, department of Community Medicine, NKP Salve Institute of Medical science, Nagpur from June 2009 to February 2010. Out of five areas one area was selected by simple random sampling. Information regarding socio-demographic and menstrual factors was recorded in pre-designed, pre -tested proforma. Hemoglobin estimation was done by Sahli’s haemoglobinometer. Data was analyzed by mean, standard deviation and chi square test. Results: Prevalence of anemia was found to be very high (90.1%) among adolescent girls. Majority of the girls were having mild or moderate anemia (88.6%). A significant association was found between adolescent girl’s education, mother’s occupation and anemia. No association was found between menstrual factors and anemia. Conclusions-Nutrition education along with nutritional supplementation and iron folic acid tablets should be provided to all girls.
Effectiveness of Potential Interventions to Change Gendered Social Norms on Prevalence of Intimate Partner Violence in Uganda: a Causal Inference Approach

Evidence of the effectiveness of programs to change gendered social norms related to intimate partner violence (IPV) is growing, but their potential to significantly impact actual occurrence of IPV at population level is lacking. We study whether modest changes in gendered social norms related to wife-beating can result in significant changes in the incidence of emotional, physical, and sexual IPV among ever married women in Uganda. We employ an imputation-based causal inference approach, based on nationally representative Demographic Health Survey data. The steps are (1) model the association between adjusted neighborhood norms and experiences of IPV using a random effects logistic regression model, (2) impute unobserved counterfactual probabilities of experiencing IPV for each woman while manipulating her neighborhood norms by setting it to different values, (3) average the probabilities across the population, and (4) bootstrap confidence intervals. Results show that statistically significant inverse associations between more prohibitive neighborhood IPV norms and women’s experiences of different forms of IPV at the population level exist. The effect is however small, that even if an entire community disapproves of wife-beating, incidence of IPV falls by about 10 percentage points to 48.5% (95% CI 46.0%–50.9%) from the observed value of 57.6% (95% CI 55.2%–59.9%). Furthermore, changes in neighborhood social norms are found to have no statistical significant effect on the incidence of sexual violence. In conclusion, changing gendered social norms related to wife-beating will not result in significant reductions in different forms for IPV at the population level.
Interactions and incompatibilities of pharmaceutical excipients with active pharmaceutical ingredients: a comprehensive review

Studies of active drug/excipient compatibility represent an important phase in the preformulation stage of the development of all dosage forms. The potential physical and chemical interactions between drugs and excipients can affect the chemical nature, the stability and bioavailability of drugs and, consequently, their therapeutic efficacy and safety. The present review covers the literature reports of interaction and incompatibilities of commonly used pharmaceutical excipients with different active pharmaceutical ingredients in solid dosage forms. Examples of active drug/excipient interactions, such as transacylation, the Maillard browning reaction, acid base reactions and physical changes are discussed for different active pharmaceutical ingredients belonging to different therapeutic categories viz antiviral, anti-inflammatory, antidiabetic, antihypertensive, anti-convulsant, antibiotic, bronchodialator, antimalarial, antiemetic, antiamoebic, antipsychotic, antidepressant, anticancer, anticoagulant and sedative/hypnotic drugs and vitamins. Once the solid-state reactions of a pharmaceutical system are understood, the necessary steps can be taken to avoid reactivity and improve the stability of drug substances and products.
RFID Tracking System for Vehicles (RTSV)

The paper aims at using RFID (Radio Frequency ID) for developing tracking systems for vehicles. The paper addresses three major problems: traffic signal timings, congestions on roads and theft of vehicles. A novel solution for each problem is presented here. The traffic signalling is made dynamic based on regressions over data archives, containing a detailed set of traffic quotient and time. This technique incorporates a simple, unique way to calculate traffic quotient based on the physical dimensions of the road and nature of traffic on the road. The theft of car is detected using track logs of vehicle. Analysis of congestion forms a key attribute for traffic signalling system and is used for suggesting faster routes to vehicle drivers and balancing the traffic across various routes. The RTSV requires installing RFID tags on all vehicles and RFID readers on various junctions of city for tracking.
Video Coding for Streaming Media Delivery on the Internet

We provide an overview of an architecture of today's Internet streaming media delivery networks and describe various problems that such systems pose with regard to video coding. We demonstrate that based on the distribution model (live or on-demand), the type of network delivery mechanism (unicast vs. multicast), and the optimization criteria associated with particular segments of the network (e.g. minimization of distortion for a given connection rate, minimization of traffic in the dedicated delivery network, etc.), it is possible to identify several models of communication that require different treatment from both source and channel coding perspectives. We explain how some of these problems can be addressed using a conventional framework of temporal motion-compensated, transform-based video compression algorithm, supported by appropriate channel-adaptation mechanisms in client and server components of a streaming media system. Most of these techniques have already been implemented in RealNetworks RealSystem 8 and its RealVideo 8 codec, which we are using to illustrate our results. We also provide a comparative study of the efficiency of our RealVideo 8 algorithm, and report improvements on the order of 0.5-2.0 dB relative to ITU-T H.263+ algorithm, and around 0.5-1.0 dB compared to ISO MPEG-4 codec (see Fig. 1.).
Secure Hybrid Encryption from Weakened Key Encapsulation

We put forward a new paradigm for building hybrid encryption schemes from constrained chosen-ciphertext secure (CCCA) key-encapsulation mechanisms (KEMs) plus authenticated symmetric encryption. Constrained chosen-ciphertext security is a new security notion for KEMs that we propose. CCCA has less demanding security requirements than standard chosen-ciphertext (CCA) security (since it requires the adversary to have a certain plaintextknowledge when making a decapsulation query) yet we can prove that CCCA is sufficient for secure hybrid encryption. Our notion is not only useful to express the Kurosawa-Desmedt public-key encryption scheme and its generalizations to hash-proof systems in an abstract KEM/DEM security framework. It also has a very constructive appeal, which we demonstrate with a new encryption scheme whose security relies on a class of intractability assumptions that we show (in the generic group model) strictly weaker than the Decision Diffie-Hellman (DDH) assumption. This appears to be the first practical public-key encryption scheme in the literature from an algebraic assumption strictly weaker than DDH.
Fun and games: a new software engineering course

Computer and video games have grown to be a major industry but, until recently, have largely been ignored by academia. The last couple of years, however, have seen the emergence of new academic programs, conferences, and journals dedicated to games studies. For the past three years we have used computer games as projects in our introductory software engineering course. Small teams of students build three games across the semester. In this paper we describe the course and discuss its success.
The Highly Adaptive SDM Hand: Design and Performance Evaluation

The inherent uncertainty associated with unstructured environments makes establishing a successful grasp difficult. Traditional approaches to this problem involve hands that are complex, fragile, require elaborate sensor suites, and are difficult to control. Alternatively, by carefully designing the mechanical structure of the hand to incorporate features such as compliance and adaptability, the uncertainty inherent in unstructured grasping tasks can be more easily accommodated. In this paper, we demonstrate a novel adaptive and compliant grasper that can grasp objects spanning a wide range of size, shape, mass, and position/orientation using only a single actuator. The hand is constructed using polymer-based Shape Deposition Manufacturing (SDM) and has superior robustness properties, making it able to withstand large impacts without damage. We also present the results of two experiments to demonstrate that the SDM Hand can reliably grasp objects in the presence of large positioning errors, while keeping acquisition contact forces low. In the first, we evaluate the amount of allowable manipulator positioning error that results in a successful grasp. In the second experiment, the hand autonomously grasps a wide range of spherical objects positioned randomly across the workspace, guided by only a single image from an overhead camera, using feed-forward control of the hand. The International Journal of Robotics Research Vol. 29, No. 5, April 2010, pp. 585–597 DOI: 10.1177/0278364909360852 c � The Author(s), 2010. Reprints and permissions: http://www.sagepub.co.uk/journalsPermissions.nav Figures 1–3, 6, 7, 9, 12, 13, 15, 16 appear in color online: http://ijr.sagepub.com KEY WORDS—adaptive, compliant, design and control, grasping, manipulation, mechanics, mechanism design, multifingered hands, robot, underactuated, underactuated robots, unstructured environments
Achievement of lipoprotein goals among patients with metabolic syndrome at high cardiovascular risk across Europe. The EURIKA study.

OBJECTIVE
To examine for the first time the achievement of lipoprotein treatment goals in patients with metabolic syndrome and lipid abnormalities who are at elevated cardiovascular risk in Europe.


METHODS
Cross-sectional study conducted in 2009-2010 in 12 European countries among outpatients aged ≥50 years free of clinical cardiovascular disease. We assessed achievement of American Diabetes Association/American College of Cardiology lipid treatment goals in those with metabolic syndrome at highest risk (diabetes plus ≥1 additional major cardiovascular risk factor beyond lipid abnormalities) or high risk (no diabetes but ≥2 additional major cardiovascular risk factors).


RESULTS
Among 1431 highest-risk patients, 64.6% (between-country range [BCR] 40-84.5%) were on lipid-lowering medication. Of them, 13.4% (BCR: 2.5-28.6%) had LDL-cholesterol<70 mg/dl, non-HDL-cholesterol<100mg/dl, and apolipoprotein B<80 mg/dl. Among 832 high-risk patients, 38.7% BCR: 27.5-55.3%) were on lipid-lowering medication. Of them, 20.5% (BCR: 5.5-57.6%) had LDL-cholesterol<100mg/dl, non-HDL-cholesterol<130 mg/dl, and apolipoprotein B<90 mg/dl. About 96% of highest-risk patients and 94% of high-risk patients were given at least one lifestyle advice (weight reduction, healthy diet, physical activity, no-smoking), but only 1.3% of the former and 4.9% of the latter reached all three lipid goals.


CONCLUSION
There is a substantial gap between clinical guidelines and medical practice since only one in 5-7 patients met all treatment targets. Although most patients received lifestyle advice, the effectiveness of counseling was very low. Large between-country differences in outcomes suggest considerable room for improvement.
Feed intake, digestibility, body weight and carcass parameters of Afar rams fed tef (Eragrostis tef) straw supplemented with graded levels of concentrate mix

The experiment was conducted at Alamata Agricultural Research Center, Ethiopia using 20 Afar rams with an initial body weight (BW) of 18.2 ± 1.76 (mean ± SD) kg. The objectives were to study the effect of supplementation with concentrate mix consisting of wheat bran (WB), noug seed cake (NSC) and sesame seed cake (SSC) at the ratio of 2:1:1 on dry matter (DM) basis, respectively on feed intake, digestibility, BW gain and carcass parameters of Afar rams fed tef (Eragrostis tef) straw basal diet. The experiment was arranged with four treatments and five replications in a randomized complete block design. The treatments included feeding sole tef straw (T1, control), and daily supplementation with the concentrate mix offered at 150 (T2, low), 250 (T3, medium) and 350 (T4, high) g DM per head. Total DM intake, crude protein (CP) digestibility, daily BW gain (P < 0.001), DM and organic matter (OM) digestibility, and carcass parameters (P < 0.05) were higher in the supplemented than in the control treatment. Intake of tef straw reduced as the level of supplementation increased, whereas the contrary was true for CP intake. Performance in carcass parameters was better for the medium compared to the low level of concentrate mix supplementation. Moreover, the medium level of supplementation did not substitute tef straw intake. Therefore, it is concluded that the medium level of concentrate mix supplement maintained the utilization of the roughage feed and resulted in better carcass parameters.
Surgery Simulation – A Challenge for Graphics and Vision

Medicine is an extremely challenging field of research, which has been more than any other discipline of fundamental importance for human existence. The variety and inherent complexity of unsolved problems has made it a major driving force for many natural and engineering sciences. Hence, from the early days of Computer Graphics and Computer Vision the medical field has been one of most important application areas with an enduring provision of fascinating research challenges. Conversely, individual Graphics and Computer Vision tools and methods have become increasingly irreplaceable in modern medicine. In this article I will present my personal view of the interdisciplinary field of surgery simulation which encompasses many different disciplines including Medicine, Computer Graphics, Computer Vision, Mechanics, Material Sciences, Robotics and Numeric Analysis. I will discuss the individual tasks, challenges and problems arising during the design and implementation of advanced surgery simulation environments, where my emphasis is directed towards the roles of graphics and vision.
Supply networks and complex adaptive systems : control versus emergence

In much of the current literature on supply chain management, supply networks are recognized as a system. In this paper, we take this observation to the next level by arguing the need to recognize supply networks as a complex adaptive system (CAS). We propose that many supply networks emerge rather than result from purposeful design by a singular entity. Most supply chain management literature emphasizes negative feedback for purposes of control; however, the emergent patterns in a supply network can much better be managed through positive feedback, which allows for autonomous action. Imposing too much control detracts from innovation and flexibility; conversely, allowing too much emergence can undermine managerial predictability and work routines. Therefore, when managing supply networks, managers must appropriately balance how much to control and how much to let emerge. © 2001 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.
Reducing unmet need by supporting women with met need.

CONTEXT
The 2012 London Summit on family planning set a goal of providing modern contraceptives to 120 million women with unmet need by 2020. Reducing the high rate of contraceptive discontinuation by facilitating switching among methods will play a critical role in meeting that goal.


METHODS
Data collected from married women in Demographic and Health Surveys conducted in 34 countries between 2005 and 2010 were used to estimate the potential contribution of contraceptive discontinuation to current and future unmet need. An indicator of relevant discontinuation was created by calculating the proportion of past users with an unmet need for modern methods among ever-users. Regression analyses identified associations between this indicator and access to and composition of methods.


RESULTS
Women who had discontinued method use and subsequently had unmet need at the survey accounted for 38% of the total estimated unmet need. These past users represented 19% of women who had ever used modern methods. Both the access to and composition of available methods were associated with a reduction in the relevant discontinuation rate. The level of discontinuation in Sub-Saharan Africa was significantly higher than in other regions, in part due to differences in method availability.


CONCLUSIONS
High contraceptive discontinuation in the past has contributed tens of millions of cases of unmet need, and discontinuation among current users will contribute even more cases in the future. Enabling past users with unmet need to resume use and encouraging current users to continue use of the same or another method could be an effective strategy to reduce future unmet need.
The Wise Man Has Two Tongues: Images Of The Satyr And Peasant

Despite many commonalities, Dutch and Flemish culture typically remain segregated in scholarship. Indeed, the same might be said of the fields of art history and cultural history. This chapter redresses these divisions by examining the rich artistic interplay between Jacob Jordaens and Jan Steen as displayed in their related images of the Satyr and Peasant . These artists make a particularly intriguing case study because Jacob Jordaens was a Protestant, the confessional minority in Counter-Reformation Antwerp, while Jan Steen was the Northern equivalent, a Dutch Catholic in Holland. As we shall see, though separated by confessional and political boundaries, they shared an over-arching interest in traditional Netherlandish popular culture and mythology. Keywords: Jordaens; Satyr and Peasant ; Steen