LLukas22/scidocs huggingface dataset:
Geometry-Aware Learning of Maps for Camera Localization

Maps are a key component in image-based camera localization and visual SLAM systems: they are used to establish geometric constraints between images, correct drift in relative pose estimation, and relocalize cameras after lost tracking. The exact definitions of maps, however, are often application-specific and hand-crafted for different scenarios (e.g. 3D landmarks, lines, planes, bags of visual words). We propose to represent maps as a deep neural net called MapNet, which enables learning a data-driven map representation. Unlike prior work on learning maps, MapNet exploits cheap and ubiquitous sensory inputs like visual odometry and GPS in addition to images and fuses them together for camera localization. Geometric constraints expressed by these inputs, which have traditionally been used in bundle adjustment or pose-graph optimization, are formulated as loss terms in MapNet training and also used during inference. In addition to directly improving localization accuracy, this allows us to update the MapNet (i.e., maps) in a self-supervised manner using additional unlabeled video sequences from the scene. We also propose a novel parameterization for camera rotation which is better suited for deep-learning based camera pose regression. Experimental results on both the indoor 7-Scenes dataset and the outdoor Oxford RobotCar dataset show significant performance improvement over prior work. The MapNet project webpage is https://goo.gl/mRB3Au.
A new hybrid ant colony optimization algorithm for feature selection

In this paper, we propose a new hybrid ant colony optimization (ACO) algorithm for feature selection (FS), called ACOFS, using a neural network. A key aspect of this algorithm is the selection of a subset of salient features of reduced size. ACOFS uses a hybrid search technique that combines the advantages of wrapper and filter approaches. In order to facilitate such a hybrid search, we designed new sets of rules for pheromone update and heuristic information measurement. On the other hand, the ants are guided in correct directions while constructing graph (subset) paths using a bounded scheme in each and every step in the algorithm. The above combinations ultimately not only provide an effective balance between exploration and exploitation of ants in the search, but also intensify the global search capability of ACO for a highquality solution in FS. We evaluate the performance of ACOFS on eight benchmark classification datasets and one gene expression dataset, which have dimensions varying from 9 to 2000. Extensive experiments were conducted to ascertain how AOCFS works in FS tasks. We also compared the performance of ACOFS with the results obtained from seven existing well-known FS algorithms. The comparison details show that ACOFS has a remarkable ability to generate reduced-size subsets of salient features while yielding significant classification accuracy. 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
The Perpetuation of Subtle Prejudice: Race and Gender Imagery in 1990s Television Advertising

Scholars have long argued that popular consumer culture is both producer and product of social inequality, but few detailed empirical studies have explored the ways that advertising imagery simultaneously constructs stereotypes of race and gender. This article reports on a content analysis of television commercials (n = 1699) aired on programs with high ratings for specific target audiences from 1992 to 1994. Characters in the television commercials enjoy more prominence and exercise more authority if they are White or men. Logistic regression analyses indicate that images of romantic and domestic fulfillment also differ by race and gender, with women and Whites disproportionately shown in family settings and in cross-sex interactions. In general, 1990s television commercials tend to portray White men as powerful, white women as sex objects, African American men as aggressive, and African American women as inconsequential. The authors suggest that these commercial images contribute to the perpetuation of subt le prejudice against African Americans by exaggerating cultural differences and denying positive emotions. Results are discussed in relation to the segmentation of media markets and possibilities for social change.
Automata Guided Hierarchical Reinforcement Learning for Zero-shot Skill Composition

Skills learned through (deep) reinforcement learning often generalizes poorly across domains and re-training is necessary when presented with a new task. We present a framework that combines techniques in formal methods with reinforcement learning (RL). The methods we provide allows for convenient specification of tasks with logical expressions, learns hierarchical policies (meta-controller and low-level controllers) with well-defined intrinsic rewards, and construct new skills from existing ones with little to no additional exploration. We evaluate the proposed methods in a simple grid world simulation as well as a more complicated kitchen environment in AI2Thor (Kolve et al. [2017]).
A Petri Net Based Approach for Reliability Prediction of Web Services

Web service composition is a distributed model to construct new web service on top of existing primitive or other composite web services. Many research efforts have been made in web services composition and coordination. In such a scenario, an important issue is how to assess the degree of trustworthiness one can have about the web service composition, especially their performance and dependability characteristics. In this paper, we propose a petri net based approach to predict the reliability of web service composition. The first step of the approach involves the transformation of web service composition specification into Stochastic Petri Nets (SPN) model. The proposed transformation is built upon BPEL. From the SPN model, we can derive the reliability and performance measure of web service composition.
Phase II multi-institutional prospective randomised trial comparing S-1+paclitaxel with S-1+cisplatin in patients with unresectable and/or recurrent advanced gastric cancer

Background:A combination of S-1 and cisplatin has been shown to be effective with acceptable safety for the first-line treatment of far-advanced gastric cancer in Japan. This is the first randomised phase II trial to compare S-1+paclitaxel with S-1+cisplatin in this setting.Methods:Patients with unresectable and/or recurrent advanced gastric cancer were randomly assigned to receive one of the two regimens: S-1 (40 mg m−2 twice daily) on days 1–14 plus paclitaxel (60 mg m−2) on days 1, 8, and 15 of a 4-week cycle (S-1+paclitaxel) or S-1 (40 mg m−2 twice daily) on days 1–21 plus cisplatin (60 mg m−2) on day 8 of a 5-week cycle (S-1+cisplatin). The primary end point was the response rate (RR). Secondary end points included progression-free survival (PFS), overall survival (OS), and safety.Results:A total of 83 patients were eligible for safety and efficacy analyses. In the S-1+paclitaxel and S-1+cisplatin groups, RRs (52.3% vs 48.7%; P=0.74) and median PFS (9 vs 6 months; P=0.50) were similar. The median OS was similar in the S-1+paclitaxel and S-1+cisplatin groups (16 vs 17 months; P=0.84). The incidence of grade 3 or higher haematological toxicity was 19.0% with S-1+paclitaxel and 19.5% with S-1+cisplatin. The incidence of grade 3 or higher non-haematological toxicity was 14.2% with S-1+paclitaxel and 17.1% with S-1+cisplatin.Conclusion:S-1+paclitaxel was suggested to be a feasible and effective non-platinum-based regimen for chemotherapy in patients with advanced gastric cancer. Our results should be confirmed in multicenter, phase III-controlled clinical trials.
Reduced treatment intensity in patients with early-stage Hodgkin's lymphoma.

BACKGROUND
Whether it is possible to reduce the intensity of treatment in early (stage I or II) Hodgkin's lymphoma with a favorable prognosis remains unclear. We therefore conducted a multicenter, randomized trial comparing four treatment groups consisting of a combination chemotherapy regimen of two different intensities followed by involved-field radiation therapy at two different dose levels.


METHODS
We randomly assigned 1370 patients with newly diagnosed early-stage Hodgkin's lymphoma with a favorable prognosis to one of four treatment groups: four cycles of doxorubicin, bleomycin, vinblastine, and dacarbazine (ABVD) followed by 30 Gy of radiation therapy (group 1), four cycles of ABVD followed by 20 Gy of radiation therapy (group 2), two cycles of ABVD followed by 30 Gy of radiation therapy (group 3), or two cycles of ABVD followed by 20 Gy of radiation therapy (group 4). The primary end point was freedom from treatment failure; secondary end points included efficacy and toxicity of treatment.


RESULTS
The two chemotherapy regimens did not differ significantly with respect to freedom from treatment failure (P=0.39) or overall survival (P=0.61). At 5 years, the rates of freedom from treatment failure were 93.0% (95% confidence interval [CI], 90.5 to 94.8) with the four-cycle ABVD regimen and 91.1% (95% CI, 88.3 to 93.2) with the two-cycle regimen. When the effects of 20-Gy and 30-Gy doses of radiation therapy were compared, there were also no significant differences in freedom from treatment failure (P=1.00) or overall survival (P=0.61). Adverse events and acute toxic effects of treatment were most common in the patients who received four cycles of ABVD and 30 Gy of radiation therapy (group 1).


CONCLUSIONS
In patients with early-stage Hodgkin's lymphoma and a favorable prognosis, treatment with two cycles of ABVD followed by 20 Gy of involved-field radiation therapy is as effective as, and less toxic than, four cycles of ABVD followed by 30 Gy of involved-field radiation therapy. Long-term effects of these treatments have not yet been fully assessed. (Funded by the Deutsche Krebshilfe and the Swiss Federal Government; ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT00265018.)
Para-Grassmann Variables and Coherent States ?

The definitions of para-Grassmann variables and q-oscillator algebras are re- called. Some new properties are given. We then introduce appropriate coherent states as well as their dual states. This allows us to obtain a formula for the trace of a operator expressed as a function of the creation and annihilation operators.
Using simple agent-based modeling to inform and enhance neighborhood walkability

BACKGROUND
Pedestrian-friendly neighborhoods with proximal destinations and services encourage walking and decrease car dependence, thereby contributing to more active and healthier communities. Proximity to key destinations and services is an important aspect of the urban design decision making process, particularly in areas adopting a transit-oriented development (TOD) approach to urban planning, whereby densification occurs within walking distance of transit nodes. Modeling destination access within neighborhoods has been limited to circular catchment buffers or more sophisticated network-buffers generated using geoprocessing routines within geographical information systems (GIS). Both circular and network-buffer catchment methods are problematic. Circular catchment models do not account for street networks, thus do not allow exploratory 'what-if' scenario modeling; and network-buffering functionality typically exists within proprietary GIS software, which can be costly and requires a high level of expertise to operate.


METHODS
This study sought to overcome these limitations by developing an open-source simple agent-based walkable catchment tool that can be used by researchers, urban designers, planners, and policy makers to test scenarios for improving neighborhood walkable catchments. A simplified version of an agent-based model was ported to a vector-based open source GIS web tool using data derived from the Australian Urban Research Infrastructure Network (AURIN). The tool was developed and tested with end-user stakeholder working group input.


RESULTS
The resulting model has proven to be effective and flexible, allowing stakeholders to assess and optimize the walkability of neighborhood catchments around actual or potential nodes of interest (e.g., schools, public transport stops). Users can derive a range of metrics to compare different scenarios modeled. These include: catchment area versus circular buffer ratios; mean number of streets crossed; and modeling of different walking speeds and wait time at intersections.


CONCLUSIONS
The tool has the capacity to influence planning and public health advocacy and practice, and by using open-access source software, it is available for use locally and internationally. There is also scope to extend this version of the tool from a simple to a complex model, which includes agents (i.e., simulated pedestrians) 'learning' and incorporating other environmental attributes that enhance walkability (e.g., residential density, mixed land use, traffic volume).
Corrosion resistance of AlN–SiC–TiB2 composite in air

Abstract The oxidation kinetics of AlN–SiC–TiB 2 composite in air has been investigated in terms of a theoretical analysis associated with the experiment data. The effects of temperature and temperature heating rate on the oxidation reaction have been discussed by using the “characteristic oxidation time”. The results show that the calculated results by our model can give a good agreement with the experimental data. From this study it is shown that, the “characteristic oxidation time” is a very useful parameter for comparing the property of oxidation resistance for different composites.
Current-Sensing Resistor Design to Include Current Derivative in PWM H-Bridge Unipolar Switching Power Amplifiers for Magnetic Bearings

To effectively reject the influence of digital control delay on system bandwidth and stability in pulsewidth-modulation H-bridge unipolar switching power amplifiers for magnetic bearings and to overcome the disadvantages of the traditional linear predictive control, this paper presents a current-sensing resistor design to include current derivation. The proposed solution can realize predictive current control by the proportional-differential current-sensing resistor networks. The common problems associated with the digital control delay are successfully resolved by the proposed method. Moreover, compared to the traditional linear prediction, the proposed one not only shortens the calculation time of the digital signal processor but also increases the tracking precision and significantly reduces the current noise. Analysis, simulation, and experimental results are presented to demonstrate the effectiveness and superiority of the proposed method.
An intelligent-agent-based fuzzy group decision making model for financial multicriteria decision support: The case of credit scoring

Credit risk analysis is an active research area in financial risk management and credit scoring is one of the key analytical techniques in credit risk evaluation. In this study, a novel intelligent-agent-based fuzzy group decision making (GDM) model is proposed as an effective multicriteria decision analysis (MCDA) tool for credit risk evaluation. In this proposed model, some artificial intelligent techniques, which are used as intelligent agents, are first used to analyze and evaluate the risk levels of credit applicants over a set of pre-defined criteria. Then these evaluation results, generated by different intelligent agents, are fuzzified into some fuzzy opinions on credit risk level of applicants. Finally, these fuzzification opinions are aggregated into a group consensus and meantime the fuzzy aggregated consensus is defuzzified into a crisp aggregated value to support final decision for decision-makers of credit-granting institutions. For illustration and verification purposes, a simple numerical example and three real-world credit application approval datasets are presented. 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
Automatic acquisition of high-fidelity facial performances using monocular videos

This paper presents a facial performance capture system that automatically captures high-fidelity facial performances using uncontrolled monocular videos (e.g., Internet videos). We start the process by detecting and tracking important facial features such as the nose tip and mouth corners across the entire sequence and then use the detected facial features along with multilinear facial models to reconstruct 3D head poses and large-scale facial deformation of the subject at each frame. We utilize per-pixel shading cues to add fine-scale surface details such as emerging or disappearing wrinkles and folds into large-scale facial deformation. At a final step, we iterate our reconstruction procedure on large-scale facial geometry and fine-scale facial details to further improve the accuracy of facial reconstruction. We have tested our system on monocular videos downloaded from the Internet, demonstrating its accuracy and robustness under a variety of uncontrolled lighting conditions and overcoming significant shape differences across individuals. We show our system advances the state of the art in facial performance capture by comparing against alternative methods.
ProfessorJ: a gradual introduction to Java through language levels

In the second-semester programming course at the University of Utah, we have observed that our students suffer unnecessarily from a mismatch between the course content and the programming environment. The course is typical, in that it exposes students to Java a little at a time. The programming environments are also typical, in that they report compilation and run-time errors in the jargon of professional programmers who use the full Java language. As a result, students rely heavily on teaching assistants to interpret error messages, and valuable classroom time is wasted on syntactic diversions.ProfessorJ is our new programming environment that remedies this problem. Like other pedagogical environments, such as BlueJ and DrJava, ProfessorJ presents the student with a simplified interface to the Java compiler and virtual machine. Unlike existing environments, ProfessorJ tailors the Java language and error messages to the students' needs. Since their needs evolve through the course, ProfessorJ offers several language levels, from Beginner Java to Full Java.
Totally extraperitoneal (TEP) hernia repair after radical prostatectomy or previous lower abdominal surgery

Many practicing surgeons claim that hernias after previous lower abdominal surgery should be treated by transabdominal preperitoneal repair (TAPP). Moreover, previous radical prostatectomy contraindicates the laparoscopic approach for hernia repair. This prospective study was designed to examine the feasibility and to evaluate the surgical outcome of laparoscopic totally extraperitoneal (TEP) hernia repair in patients who had undergone previous lower abdominal surgery or radical prostatectomy, and to compare this group to all patients who underwent laparoscopic TEP without previous surgery during the study period. Patients undergoing elective inguinal hernia repair, by one staff surgeon, in the Department of Abdominal Surgery at the Institute of Laparoscopic Surgery (ILS, Bordeaux) between September 2003 and December 2004 were prospectively enrolled to this study. Three groups were defined—patients with previous radical prostatectomy, patients with previous lower abdominal surgery, and patients without previous surgery—and their data were analyzed and compared. A total of 256 laparoscopic inguinal hernia repairs were performed in 202 patients. Of these, 148 patients had unilateral hernia (143 right and 113 left) and 54 patients had bilateral hernias. There were 166 male patients and 36 female patients with a mean age of 61 ± 16 years. Of these, 10 patients had inguinal hernia after prostatectomy and 15 patients had inguinal hernia after previous lower abdominal surgery. The mean operative time was significantly longer in the patients with previous prostatectomy than in the two other groups. Two patients after prostatectomy were converted to TAPP due to surgical difficulties. There were no major intraoperative complications in all patients except for three cases of bleeding arising from the inferior epigastric artery: two in the postprostatectomy group and one in a patient without previous surgery. Both ambulation and hospital stay were similar for all groups. Only one patient without previous surgery had postoperative bleeding and was reoperated on several hours after the hernia repair. During the follow-up period of 8 ± 4 months, there was no recurrence of the hernia in any group. Laparoscopic TEP for inguinal hernia repair in patients after previous low abdominal surgery has good results, similar to those in patients without previous surgery. Despite a longer operative time, TEP repairs can be performed efficiently and safely in patients after prostatectomy by skilled and experienced laparoscopic surgeons.
Sentence Segmentation Using IBM Word Alignment Model 1

In statistical machine translation, word alignment models are trained on bilingual corpora. Long sentences pose severe problems: 1. the high computational requirements; 2. the poor quality of the resulting word alignment. We present a sentence-segmentation method that solves these problems by splitting long sentence pairs. Our approach uses the lexicon information to locate the optimal split point. This method is evaluated on two Chinese-English translation tasks in the news domain. We show that the segmentation of long sentences before training significantly improves the final translation quality of a state-of-the-art machine translation system. In one of the tasks, we achieve an improvement of the BLEU score of more than 20% relative.
Evaluation of Thyroid Dysfunction Among type 2 diabetic Punjabi Population

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is commonly associated with thyroid dysfunction. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the prevalence of thyroid dysfunction in subjects with type 2 diabetes and the effect of type 2 diabetes mellitus on other bio-chemical variables. In the present study 80 type 2 diabetic subjects and 80 healthy non diabetic subjects were investigated for total triidothyronine (T3), total thyroxin (T4), free triidothyronine (FT3), free thyroxine (FT4) and thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH), plasma glucose fasting(FPG), glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c), serum cholesterol, serum triglycerides, high density lipoprotein(HDL), low density lipoprotein(LDL), very low density lipoprotein(VLDL), blood urea, serum creatinine, SGOT and SGPT. The level of T3, T4, FT3 and FT4 were significantly lower while the level of TSH was significantly higher in type 2 diabetics as compared to non-diabetics. From the 80 diabetic subjects studied, 30% showed abnormal thyroid hormone levels (23.75% had hypothyroidism and 6.25% had hyperthyroidism). Significantly higher levels of FPG, HbA1c, serum cholesterol, serum triglyceride, LDL, VLDL, blood urea, creatinine, SGOT, SGPT and significantly lower level of HDL was observed in diabetics as compared to non-diabetics subjects. The prevalence of thyroid dysfunction among type 2 diabetic Punjabi population is very high with subclinical hypothyroidism being more common. All patients with type 2 diabetes should undergo bi-annual screening to detect asymptomatic thyroid dysfunction and other bio-chemical variables to improve the quality of life and reduce the morbidity rate.
Research on digital museum for the intangible cultural heritage

China is rich in intangible cultural heritage with distinguishable characteristics. Its protection is very important. This paper is going to discuss the application and researches of digital in the protection of intangible cultural heritage, and stresses on the issues involved in the construction of digital museum, such as conceive a management information system, structure of the system, and the method to recover ancient intangible cultural heritage.