LLukas22/scidocs huggingface dataset:
Feasibility of a Text Messaging Intervention to Promote Self-Management for Patients Prescribed Oral Anticancer Agents.

PURPOSE/OBJECTIVES
To determine proof of concept of a mobile health (mHealth) intervention delivering text messages (texts) to self-manage among patients prescribed oral anticancer agents (OAs) and to examine preliminary efficacy on symptoms and medication adherence.


DESIGN
A longitudinal randomized, controlled trial.


SETTING
Two community cancer centers in the midwestern United States and a national specialty pharmacy.


SAMPLE
80 adults with cancer who were newly prescribed OAs .


METHODS
Adherence and symptoms were assessed weekly for 10 weeks in both groups. The intervention group received daily texts for adherence and weekly for symptoms for 21-28 days, and satisfaction with the intervention was assessed .


MAIN RESEARCH VARIABLES
Medication adherence and symptom severity.


FINDINGS
Mean age was 58.5 years (SD = 10.7 years), 48 participants were female, and 48 were Caucasian. Fewer symptoms were found in the intervention group with a moderate effect size. Adherence was higher in the text group using medical record and prescription data (n = 26) with greater relative dose intensity of moderate to large effect size. Regarding acceptability, 57% (83 of 145) of eligible participants consented, 39 of 40 participants completed the entire intervention, 30 participants read texts all of the time, and 34 participants were satisfied with the intervention. 


CONCLUSIONS
Proof of concept and preliminary efficacy of an mHealth intervention using texts to promote self-management for patients prescribed OAs was demonstrated. Patients had high satisfaction with the texts, and adherence and symptoms improved after the intervention.


IMPLICATIONS FOR NURSING
Texts show promise for patients with cancer who must manage their OAs. Additional research is needed prior to use in practice.
Collective Prediction of Multiple Types of Links in Heterogeneous Information Networks

Link prediction has become an important and active research topic in recent years, which is prevalent in many real-world applications. Current research on link prediction focuses on predicting one single type of links, such as friendship links in social networks, or predicting multiple types of links independently. However, many real-world networks involve more than one type of links, and different types of links are not independent, but related with complex dependencies among them. In such networks, the prediction tasks for different types of links are also correlated and the links of different types should be predicted collectively. In this paper, we study the problem of collective prediction of multiple types of links in heterogeneous information networks. To address this problem, we introduce the linkage homophily principle and design a relatedness measure, called RM, between different types of objects to compute the existence probability of a link. We also extend conventional proximity measures to heterogeneous links. Furthermore, we propose an iterative framework for heterogeneous collective link prediction, called HCLP, to predict multiple types of links collectively by exploiting diverse and complex linkage information in heterogeneous information networks. Empirical studies on real-world tasks demonstrate that the proposed collective link prediction approach can effectively boost link prediction performances in heterogeneous information networks.
Approaches for heuristically biasing RRT growth

This paper presents several modifications to the basic rapidly-exploring random tree (RRT) search algorithm. The fundamental idea is to utilize a heuristic quality function to guide the search. Results from a relevant simulation experiment illustrate the benefit and drawbacks of the developed algorithms. The paper concludes with several promising directions for future research.
Acceptance and Commitment Therapy and yoga for drug-refractory epilepsy: A randomized controlled trial

OBJECTIVE
There is a need for controlled outcome studies on behavioral treatment of epilepsy. The purpose of this study was to evaluate Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT) and yoga in the treatment of epilepsy.


METHODS
The design consisted of a randomized controlled trial with repeated measures (N=18). All participants had an EEG-verified epilepsy diagnosis with drug-refractory seizures. Participants were randomized into one of two groups: ACT or yoga. Therapeutic effects were measured using seizure index (frequency x duration) and quality of life (Satisfaction with Life Scale, WHOQOL-BREF). The treatment protocols consisted of 12 hours of professional therapy distributed in two individual sessions, two group sessions during a 5-week period, and booster sessions at 6 and 12 months posttreatment. Seizure index was continuously assessed during the 3-month baseline and 12-month follow-up. Quality of life was measured after treatment and at the 6-month and 1-year follow-ups.


RESULTS
The results indicate that both ACT and yoga significantly reduce seizure index and increase quality of life over time. ACT reduced seizure index significantly more as compared with yoga. Participants in both the ACT and yoga groups improved their quality of life significantly as measured by one of two quality-of-life instruments. The ACT group increased their quality of life significantly as compared with the yoga group as measured by the WHOQOL-BREF, and the yoga group increased their quality of life significantly as compared with the ACT group as measured by the SWLS.


CONCLUSIONS
The results of this study suggest that complementary treatments, such as ACT and yoga, decrease seizure index and increase quality of life.
Heuristic algorithms in computational molecular biology

In this paper we develop a framework for designing and validating heuristic algorithms for NP-hard problems arising in computational biology and other application areas. We introduce two areas of current research in which we are applying the framework: implicit hitting set problems and analysis of protein-protein interaction networks, with emphasis on a specific problem in each area: multi-genome alignment and colorful connected graph detection.
Automated pronunciation scoring using confidence scoring and landmark-based SVM

In this study, we present a pronunciation scoring method for second language learners of English (hereafter, L2 learners). This study presents a method using both confidence scoring and classifiers. Classifiers have an advantage over confidence scoring for specialization in the specific phonemes where L2 learners make frequent errors. Classifiers (Landmark-based Support Vector Machines) were trained in order to distinguish L2 phonemes from their frequent substitution patterns. In this study, the method was evaluated on the specific English phonemes where L2 English learners make frequent errors. The results suggest that the automated pronunciation scoring method can be improved consistently by combining the two methods.
Low threshold CMOS circuits with low standby current

Multi-Voltage CMOS (MVCMOS) is a design methodology for very low power supply voltages that uses low-threshold transistors in series with the supply rails. The control voltages on the gating transistors need to be outside of the <italic>V<subscrpt>dd</subscrpt> - V<subscrpt>ss</subscrpt></italic> range (hence the name MVCMOS) in order to reduce the standby current, but the resulting circuits operate at lower supply voltages and have a lower area overhead than the previously proposed Multi-Threshold CMOS (MTCMOS).
Channel Modeling of Information Transmission Over Cognitive Interrogator-Sensor Networks

This paper looks into the modeling of information transmission over cognitive interrogator-sensor networks (CISNs), which represent a novel and important class of sensor networks deployed for surveillance, tracking, and imaging applications. The crux of the problem is to develop a channel model that allows for the evaluation of the sensing channel capacity and error rate performance in CISNs, for which the sensing link is overlaid by the communication link. First, the layered discrete memoryless channel and finite-state Markov channel models are identified as useful tools to capture the essence of information transfer over the communication and sensing links in CISNs. Two different sensor encoding strategies, namely, 1) the amplify-modulate-and-forward (AMF) and 2) decode-modulate-and-forward (DMF) schemes, are considered. Subsequently, the concepts of double-directional channel capacity azimuth spectrum (CCAS) and Chernoff information azimuth spectrum (CIAS) are proposed to facilitate network-level assessment of the communication and sensing link reliability. A study case considering a typical CISN for environmental monitoring, conditioned on different wireless propagation and sensing conditions, is then presented to demonstrate the steps to derive the various model parameters. Finally, the potential applications of the proposed analytical framework in cognitive sensing, network performance assessment, and simulation are briefly discussed.
A tool for clinical reasoning and reflection using the international classification of functioning, disability and health (ICF) framework and patient management model.

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE
Professional development is a cornerstone of physical therapist practice. As the profession moves toward the ideals of Vision 2020, more emphasis is being placed on the process of clinical decision making. Although reflection and mentorship are widely regarded as important instruments to facilitate the progression of clinical reasoning skills, little guidance exists in the postprofessional arena to assist clinicians with these essential needs. As more organizations develop formal mentoring programs, a need arises for a tool that will engage mentors, protégés, and clinicians of all abilities in thoughtful reflection and discussion that will help develop clinical reasoning skills.


CASE DESCRIPTION
The process of developing reflective clinical decision-making skills in physical therapist practitioners is described, and how this process was used at one institution is illustrated. A tool for clinical reasoning and reflection is proposed that incorporates the existing conceptual frameworks of the Guide to Physical Therapist Practice and the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF).


OUTCOMES
This case report discusses how the tool was implemented by staff with varying levels of expertise, their outcomes in regard to the development of their clinical reasoning skills, and how the tool facilitated mentoring sessions around patient cases to improve care.


DISCUSSION
This case report describes a practical application of a postprofessional educational process designed to develop reflective and patient-centered clinical reasoning skills. Although this process has shown some preliminary success, more research is warranted. By cultivating reflective thinking and critical inquiry, the physical therapy profession can help develop autonomous practitioners of physical therapy and promote the ideals of Vision 2020.
Domain Requirements Elicitation and Analysis - An Ontology-Based Approach

Domain requirements are fundamental for software reuse and are the product of domain analysis. This paper presents an approach to elicit and analyze domain requirements based on ontology. Using subjective decomposition method, problem domain is decomposed into several sub problem domains. The top-down refinement method is used to refine each sub problem domain into primitive requirements, which are specified using ontology definition. Abstract stakeholders are used instead of real ones when decomposing problem domain and ontology is used to represent domain primitive requirements. Not only domain commonality, variability and qualities are presented, but also reasoning logic is used to detect and handle incompleteness and inconsistency of domain requirements. In addition, a case of ‘spot and futures trading’ e-business is used to illustrate the approach.
Prospective randomized comparison of coronary bypass grafting with minimal extracorporeal circulation system (MECC) versus off-pump coronary surgery.

BACKGROUND
We aimed to evaluate the clinical results and biocompatibility of the minimal extracorporeal circulation system (MECC) compared with off-pump coronary revascularization (OPCABG).


METHODS AND RESULTS
In a prospective randomized study, 150 patients underwent coronary surgery with the use of MECC and 150 underwent OPCABG. End points were (1) circulating markers of inflammation and organ injury, (2) operative results, and (3) outcome at 1-year follow-up. Operative mortality and morbidity were comparable between the groups. Release of inflammatory markers was similar between groups at all time points (peak interleukin-6 167.2+/-13.5 versus 181+/-6.5 pg/mL, P=0.14, OPCABG versus MECC group, respectively). Peak creatine kinase was 419.3+/-103.5 versus 326+/-84.2 mg/dL (P=0.28), and peak S-100 protein was 0.13+/-0.08 versus 0.29+/-0.1 pg/mL (P=0.058, OPCABG versus MECC group, respectively). Length of hospital stay and use of blood products were similar between groups. Two cases of angina recurrence at 1 year in the MECC group were observed versus 5 cases observed in the OPCABG group (P=0.44). A residual perfusion defect at myocardial nuclear scan was less frequent among patients in the MECC group (3 versus 9 cases, P=0.14; odds ratio 0.32, 95% confidence interval 0.07 to 1.32). Six (OPCABG group) versus 3 (MECC group) coronary grafts were occluded or severely stenotic at 1 year (P=0.33, odds ratio 0.47, 95% confidence interval 0.09 to 2.14).


CONCLUSIONS
Clinical results of coronary revascularization with MECC are optimal when this procedure is performed by experienced teams. Postoperative morbidity is comparable to that with OPCABG. MECC is associated with little pump-related systemic and organ injury. It may achieve the benefits of OPCABG (less morbidity in high-risk patients) while facilitating complete revascularization in the case of complex lesions unsuitable for OPCABG.
The Innovative Preformance of Foreignowned Enterprises in Small Open Economis

This paper compares the innovative performance of foreign-owned and domestically owned enterprises in five European countries. We look at innovation inputs, outputs, and examine how strong foreign- ...
Ultrasonic sensors in air

Ultrasonic Sensors in Air are Intelligent Sensors, which use wave-propagation phenomena in air to measure physical or chemical variables. With accordance to the influence principle, two main types of ultrasonic sensors can be differentiated. Propagation-Pafh Sensors decode changes on propagation to get a fast measurement of temperature, pressure variations or gas concentration. Most important are ultrasonic flow sensor e.g. for engine intake air or for aidgas measurement. Distance-Sensors detect echoes from objects and evaluate their propagation time and amplitude. Examples are distance meters and presence detectors. By intelligent algorithms based on signal theory models or heuristic approaches (synthetic aperture, pulse holography, fuzzy or neural network etc.) the resolution and detection range were increased, the radial and lateral resolution significantly enhanced and objects recognized. With piezoelectric PVDF-foils efficient and versatile transducers arrays were relized. Robust transducers for operation in adverse environment (dirt, moisture, abrasion) were developed using rugged matching layers or a special composite-transducer
A pilot study of the efficacy of a 1,064 and 1,320 nm sequentially firing Nd:YAG laser device for lipolysis and skin tightening.

BACKGROUND
Laser-assisted lipolysis with a medium pulsed 1,064 nm Neodymium:Yttrium-Aluminum-Garnet (Nd:YAG) system has been used since FDA approval in October 2006 [1]. Since then, this technology has been advanced to include an additional wavelength (1,320 nm) and an accelerometer designed to improve efficacy and safety.


OBJECTIVE
(1) Evaluate the efficacy and safety of a sequentially firing 1,064 and 1,320 nm Nd:YAG laser device for lipolysis. (2) Evaluate the skin tightening effect by photographic documentation and skin measurements. (3) Assess new collagen formation by histologic and scanning electron microscopic studies.


METHODS
Twenty subjects with unwanted local adiposities and skin laxity were enrolled. An Nd:YAG laser with sequentially firing wavelengths of 1,064/1,320 nm was used to treat localized areas of body adiposities. Digital photographs were taken before and after treatment, blinded independent observers graded improvement utilizing a percentile evaluation scale and subjects performed self-assessments. Five of the 20 subjects had the following tests performed: (1) Placement of 4 cmx4 cm square India Ink tattoos for measurement of skin tightening, (2) histology and electron microscopy, (3) biopsies prior to the procedure, 3 days and 1 month after the procedure to determine the presence of new collagen markers.


RESULTS
Results showed reduction in localized adiposities with no adverse events from use of this device. Independent observers found 76-100% improvement in adiposities in 85% of subjects and 51-75% improvement in 15% of subjects. Of the subset of five patients, India Ink tattoo maps demonstrated an 18% decrease in surface area indicating a significant skin tightening effect. Histology by H&E, Methylene blue stains, and electron microscopy indicated new collagen formation compared to baseline.


CONCLUSION
The 1,064 nm Nd:YAG and 1,320 nm Nd:YAG sequentially firing device with an accelerometer appears to be an effective and safe treatment for localized adiposities with the additional benefit of skin tightening.
3D Printed Hair: Fused Deposition Modeling of Soft Strands, Fibers, and Bristles

We introduce a technique for furbricating 3D printed hair, fibers and bristles, by exploiting the stringing phenomena inherent in 3D printers using fused deposition modeling. Our approach offers a range of design parameters for controlling the properties of single strands and also of hair bundles. We further detail a list of post-processing techniques for refining the behavior and appearance of printed strands. We provide several examples of output, demonstrating the immediate feasibility of our approach using a low cost, commodity printer. Overall, this technique extends the capabilities of 3D printing in a new and interesting way, without requiring any new hardware.
The Research Object Suite of Ontologies: Sharing and Exchanging Research Data and Methods on the Open Web

Research in life sciences is increasingly being conducted in a digital and online environment. In particular, life scientists have been pioneers in embracing new computational tools to conduct their investigations. To support the sharing of digital objects produced during such research investigations, we have witnessed in the last few years the emergence of specialized repositories, e.g., DataVerse and FigShare. Such repositories provide users with the means to share and publish datasets that were used or generated in research investigations. While these repositories have proven their usefulness, interpreting and reusing evidence for most research results is a challenging task. Additional contextual descriptions are needed to understand how those results were generated and/or the circumstances under which they were concluded. Because of this, scientists are calling for models that go beyond the publication of datasets to systematically capture the life cycle of scientific investigations and provide a single entry point to access the information about the hypothesis investigated, the datasets used, the experiments carried out, the results of the experiments, the conclusions that were derived, the people involved in the research, etc. In this paper we present the Research Object (RO) suite of ontologies, which provide a structured container to encapsulate research data and methods along with essential metadata descriptions. Research Objects are portable units that enable the sharing, preservation, interpretation and reuse of research investigation results. The ontologies we present have been designed in the light of requirements that we gathered from life scientists. They have been built upon existing popular vocabularies to facilitate interoperability. Furthermore, we have developed tools to support the creation and sharing of Research Objects, thereby promoting and facilitating their adoption.
Hydroxyl radical-mediated modification of proteins as probes for structural proteomics.

ion of hydrogen from the γ-(C-4) carbon of aliphatic side chains in the presence of oxygen can yield C-2 -C-3 dehydropeptides, via the formation of peroxyl radicals from the γ-carbon-centered radical. 208,210 For example, in the oxidation of the Glu side chain, the γ-carbon peroxyl radical may undergo subsequent reactions leading to the formation of side chain modification products with a mass shift of -30 Da due to decarboxylation; 209,211+14 and+16 Da products; or an unsaturated product, a C-2 -C-3 dehydropeptide (Scheme 4). The dehydropeptide behaves like an oxygenated enol species, which readily undergoes tautomerism to the keto form. This species is easily hydrolyzed to yield two protein fragments: a new amide and a keto acid. 210 Oxidation of aspartic acid seems similar to the case of Glu and may also result in the cleavage of the protein backbone 212 or decarboxylation of a side chain carboxyl group, 211 except at a lower rate than that for Glu. 211 3.2.4. Main Chain Cleavage via Radical Transfer from the â-Carbon at Side Chains Initial hydroxyl radical attack at theâ-carbon (C-3) position can lead to the formation of R-carbon radicals and subsequent main chain rupture. 213,214 In this case, alkoxyl radicals are generated after initial H-abstraction to produce carbon-centered radicals and subsequent reaction with O 2 o give peroxyl radicals (Scheme 5). A number of different pathways may generate alkoxyl radical from different precursors, including termination reactions of the peroxyl species with other radicals and decomposition of the intermediate hydroperoxides. 215,216The alkoxyl radicals can undergoâ-scission at a rate >107 s-1, leading to the loss of a side chain and/or generation of R-carbon radicals and subsequent backbone cleavage. 213,214 The â-scission reaction of alkoxyl radicals appears to be common for aliphatic side chains such as Val, Leu, and Asp,214 resulting in the release of a family of carbonyls including formaldehyde, acetone, isobutyraldehyde, and glyoxylic acids. The rate of suchâ-scission reactions is affected by the nature of the substituents, R and R ′, with the rate of fragmentation increased by the presence of electron releasing alkyl groups and substituents that can stabilize the incipient radical center. The R-carbon radicals generated by the â-scission reaction of alkoxyl radicals are stable due to the delocalization of unpaired electrons onto the neighboring carbonyl and amide functions and relief of steric strain in the alkoxyl radical. 217 Scheme 3. Backbone Cleavage and Side Chain Modification of Pro Hydroxyl Radical-Mediated Modification of Proteins Chemical Reviews, 2007, Vol. 107, No. 8 3527
Non-invasive optical detection of hand gestures

In this paper we present a novel type of sensing technology for hand and finger gesture recognition that utilizes light in the invisible spectrum to detect changes in position and form of body tissue like tendons and muscles. The proposed system can be easily integrated with existing wearable devices. Our approach not only enables gesture recognition but it could potentially double to perform a variety of health related monitoring tasks (e.g. heart rate, stress).