LLukas22/scidocs huggingface dataset:
Peasants, class, and capitalism : the rural research of L.N. Kritsman and his school

Dr Cox offers a detailed account of the research approaches and findings of Kritsman and his school, locating them in their historical and theoretical contexts, and arguing that they produced some highly original work on peasant issues which is of continuing relevance to research on peasant farming today.
Untreated depression and hippocampal volume loss.

OBJECTIVE
The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of antidepressant treatment on hippocampal volumes in patients with major depression.


METHOD
For 38 female outpatients, the total time each had been in a depressive episode was divided into days during which the patient was receiving antidepressant medication and days during which no antidepressant treatment was received. Hippocampal gray matter volumes were determined by high resolution magnetic resonance imaging and unbiased stereological measurement.


RESULTS
Longer durations during which depressive episodes went untreated with antidepressant medication were associated with reductions in hippocampal volume. There was no significant relationship between hippocampal volume loss and time depressed while taking antidepressant medication or with lifetime exposure to antidepressants.


CONCLUSIONS
Antidepressants may have a neuroprotective effect during depression.
Efficacy of neopectoral pocket in revisionary breast surgery.

BACKGROUND
An increasing number of patients present today with volume-depleted breasts from large saline or silicone gel-filled implants most commonly placed under the pectoral muscle. Revisionary (secondary or tertiary) surgeries are performed for late complications of breast augmentation, such as implant extrusion, gel bleed, rupture with extravasation of the gel, saline implant deflation, capsular contracture, palpability, rippling, "double- bubble," "Snoopy breast," symmastia, and implant malposition. Because most patients undergoing revisionary surgery in the past decade presented with subglandular implants, little has been published regarding the treatment of revisionary surgery in patients with subpectoral implants.


OBJECTIVE
The authors describe the efficacy of a new technique for the management of late breast augmentation (augmentation mastopexy) complications.


METHODS
A retrospective chart review was conducted of all consecutive patients who underwent revisionary breast surgery with the creation of a neopectoral pocket. Data were collected regarding the presenting complaints, original augmentation date, original implant location, revision date, type of implant used for revision, incision used in revision, length of follow-up, and any ensuing complications.


RESULTS
There were 198 patients who underwent revisionary surgery with the creation of a neopectoral pocket over a four-year period. Patients' presenting complaints involved concerns related to either capsular contractures or implant malposition. Only three of 198 patients required reoperation for complications.


CONCLUSIONS
The neopectoral pocket is a new type of site change operation. This procedure will address many of the issues seen today in revisionary aesthetic breast surgery for subpectoral implants that are already in place. These are frequently large implants that have displaced medially, inferomedially, inferiorly, or are encapsulated.
From the Field: Characteristics of Successful Tertiary Online Students and Strategies of Experienced Online Educators

Online learning, now a popular method of education at the tertiary level, creates new challenges for students and educators. Faculty members may know little about how to assist students in succeeding in this new learning environment, and students may be ill prepared to tackle the new demands put upon them. This research sought to identify dimensions of successful online learners by examining primary screening documents and mapping them to the literature base, and then invited experienced online educators to review the dimensions and provide strategies they use to ensure student success. Seven dimensions were identified and confirmed as significant, each dimension with slightly different importance, including access to tools; technology experience; learning preferences; study habits and skills; goals or purposes; lifestyle factors; and personal traits and characteristics. The experienced educators provided several online teaching strategies including students' posting biographies; frequent interaction; collaboration; required participation; question-asking forums; topical flexibility; and minimizing technology requirements.
Data MULEs: modeling and analysis of a three-tier architecture for sparse sensor networks

This paper presents and analyzes a three-tier architecture for collecting sensor data in sparse sensor networks. Our approach exploits the presence of mobile entities (called MULEs) present in the environment. When in close range, MULEs pick up data from the sensors, buffer it, and deliver it to wired access points. This can lead to substantial power savings at the sensors as they only have to transmit over a short-range. This paper focuses on a simple analytical model for understanding performance as system parameters are scaled. Our model assumes a two-dimensional random walk for mobility and incorporates key system variables such as number of MULEs, sensors and access points. The performance metrics observed are the data success rate (the fraction of generated data that reaches the access points), latency and the required buffer capacities on the sensors and the MULEs. The modeling and simulation results can be used for further analysis and provide certain guidelines for deployment of such systems. 2003 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
Risk-bearing and entrepreneurship

In the “Knightian” theory of entrepreneurship, entrepreneurs provide insurance to workers by paying fixed wages and bear all the risk of production. This paper endogenizes entrepreneurial risk by allowing for optimal insurance contracts as well as the occupational self-selection. Moral hazard prevents full insurance; increases in an agent’s wealth then entail increases in risk borne. Thus, even under decreasing risk aversion, there are robust instances in which workers are wealthier than entrepreneurs. This empirically implausible result suggests that risk-based explanations for entrepreneurship are inadequate.
Investigation of financial market prediction by recurrent neural network

Recurrent neural networks as fundamentally different neural network from feed-forward architectures was investigated for modelling of non linear behaviour of financial markets. Recurrent neural networks could be configured with the correct choice of parameters such as the number of neurons, the number of epochs, the amount of data and their relationship with the training data for predictions of financial markets. By exploring of learning and forecasting of the recurrent neural networks is observed the same effect: better learning, which often is described by the root mean square error does not guarantee a better prediction. There are such a recurrent neural networks settings where the best results of non linear time series forecasting could be obtained. New method of orthogonal input data was proposed, which improve process of EVOLINO RNN learning and forecasting. Citations: Nijolė Maknickienė, Aleksandras Vytautas Rutkauskas, Algirdas Maknickas. Investigation of Financial Market Prediction by Recurrent Neural Network – Innovative Infotechnologies for Science, Business and Education, ISSN 2029-1035 – 2(11) 2011 – Pp. 3-8.
Analysis of cannabinoids in oral fluid by liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry

A sensitive method was developed for quantifying a wide range of cannabinoids in oral fluid (OF) by liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry (LC–MS/MS). These cannabinoids include ∆9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), 11-hydroxy-∆9-tetrahydrocannabinol (11-OH-THC), 11-nor-9-carboxy-∆9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THCCOOH), cannabinol (CBN), cannabidiol (CBD), ∆9-tetrahydrocannabinolic acid A (THC-A), 11-nor-9-carboxy-∆9-tetrahydrocannabinol glucuronide (THCCOOH-gluc), and ∆9-tetrahydrocannabinol glucuronide (THC-gluc). Samples were collected using a Quantisal™ device. The advantages of performing a liquid–liquid extraction (LLE) of KCl-saturated OF using heptane/ethyl acetate versus a solid-phase extraction (SPE) using HLB copolymer columns were determined. Chromatographic separation was achieved in 11.5 min on a Kinetex™ column packed with 2.6-μm core–shell particles. Both positive (THC, 11-OH-THC, CBN, and CBD) and negative (THCCOOH, THC-gluc, THCCOOH-gluc, and THC-A) electrospray ionization modes were employed with multiple reaction monitoring using a high-end AB Sciex API 5000™ triple quadrupole LC–MS/MS system. Unlike SPE, LLE failed to extract THC-gluc and THCCOOH-gluc. However, the LLE method was more sensitive for the detection of THCCOOH than the SPE method, wherein the limit of detection (LOD) and limit of quantification (LOQ) decreased from 100 to 50 pg/ml and from 500 to 80 pg/ml, respectively. The two extraction methods were successfully applied to OF samples collected from volunteers before and after they smoked a homemade cannabis joint. High levels of THC were measured soon after smoking, in addition to significant amounts of THC-A. Other cannabinoids were found in low concentrations. Glucuronide conjugate levels were lower than the method’s LOD for most samples. Incubation studies suggest that glucuronides could be enzymatically degraded by glucuronidase prior to OF collection.
Complex networks: small-world, scale-free and beyond

© D IG IT A L V IS IO N , L T D . Feature Authorized licensed use limited to: Arizona State University. Downloaded on March 11,2010 at 12:09:13 EST from IEEE Xplore. Restrictions apply.
Communicating new policy on antibiotic prophylaxis with patients: a randomised controlled trial

Objectives This trial aimed to assess the effectiveness of two different communication tools on the levels of anxiety and concern when a change in patients' treatment was introduced.Method Patients previously advised to have antibiotic prophylaxis before their dental treatments were randomised to receive information about the new policy either through a video accompanied by a written leaflet or just the leaflet. All patients completed a questionnaire to assess anxiety and concern as well as intentions regarding accepting dental treatment without antibiotic prophylaxis at enrolment point, after intervention and after meeting the cardiologist.Results Ninety questionnaires were analysed (45 in each group). The mean level of anxiety and concern scores were significantly reduced after the intervention point (p <0.05). The ANOVA model revealed a significant reduction in the levels of anxiety and concern during the trial (p <0.001). However, the main effect of group (intervention versus control) and the interaction term were not significant. At the end of trial there was no difference in the number of patients accepting dental treatment without cover in the two groups.Conclusion Patients appear more likely to accept a change if it is communicated directly to them by their practitioners via face to face consultation compared with video or leaflet. When there is a lack of time for in-depth consultation, video could be a more effective method than leaflet alone.
Social recommender systems

The goal of this tutorial is to expose participants to the current research on social recommender systems (i.e., recommender systems for the social web). Participants will become familiar with state-of-the-art recommendation methods, their classifications according to various criteria, common evaluation methodologies, and potential applications that can utilize social recommender systems. Additionally, open issues and challenges in the field will be discussed.
Poverty Reduction and Economic Structure: Comparative Path Analysis for Mozambique and Vietnam

While economic growth generally reduces income poverty, there are pronounced differences in the strength of this relationship across countries. Typical explanations for this variation include measurement errors in growth-poverty accounting and countries’ different compositions of economic growth. We explore the additional influence of economic structure in determining a country’s growth-poverty relationship and performance. Using multiplier and structural path analysis, we compare the experiences of Mozambique and Vietnam—two countries with similar levels and compositions of economic growth but divergent poverty outcomes. We find that the structure of the Vietnamese economy more naturally lends itself to generating broad-based growth. A given agricultural demand expansion in Mozambique will, ceteris paribus, achieve...
3-D Point Cloud Registration Algorithm Based on Greedy Projection Triangulation

To address the registration problem in current machine vision, a new three-dimensional (3-D) point cloud registration algorithm that combines fast point feature histograms (FPFH) and greedy projection triangulation is proposed. First, the feature information is comprehensively described using FPFH feature description and the local correlation of the feature information is established using greedy projection triangulation. Thereafter, the sample consensus initial alignment method is applied for initial transformation to implement initial registration. By adjusting the initial attitude between the two cloud points, the improved initial registration values can be obtained. Finally, the iterative closest point method is used to obtain a precise conversion relationship; thus, accurate registration is completed. Specific registration experiments on simple target objects and complex target objects have been performed. The registration speed increased by 1.1% and the registration accuracy increased by 27.3% to 50% in the experiment on target object. The experimental results show that the accuracy and speed of registration have been improved and the efficient registration of the target object has successfully been performed using the greedy projection triangulation, which significantly improves the efficiency of matching feature points in machine vision.
Green or yellow laser treatment for diabetic macular edema: exploratory assessment within the Diabetic Retinopathy Clinical Research Network.

PURPOSE
Explore differences in green compared with yellow focal/grid laser treatment on functional and anatomical endpoints in eyes with diabetic macular edema.


METHODS
Data from two randomized clinical trials were evaluated for differences in visual acuity and optical coherence tomography parameters for eyes assigned to sham injection + prompt laser, ranibizumab + prompt laser, or prompt laser only: among subgroups of eyes treated exclusively and electively with either green or yellow laser.


RESULTS
In the sham injection + prompt laser group, the mean visual acuity letter score change for eyes receiving green and yellow laser treatment, respectively, was +2.4 ± 14 and +5.1 ± 13 at the 52-week visit (P = 0.06) and +2.4 ± 15 and +6.0 ± 13 at the 104-week visit (P = 0.13), with no corresponding evidence of differences in optical coherence tomography thickness. When comparing wavelength groups in the ranibizumab + prompt laser and prompt laser-only groups, meaningful differences in visual acuity and optical coherence tomography thickness were not detected at 1 year or 2 years.


CONCLUSION
A trend toward improved vision outcome with yellow laser observed in one trial was not corroborated by anatomical outcomes or by the other trial. In this study, without random assignment to different wavelengths controlling for bias and confounding, it is not possible to determine whether one wavelength is better than the other.
Capturing the Evolution of Grammatical Knowledge in a CALL System for Deaf Learners of English

The ICICLE project is a Computer-Assisted Language Learning (CALL) environment geared toward teaching English as a second language. This paper reports on an initial prototype application of the system for deaf learners of written English. A primary focus of the ICICLE effort has been devoted to enabling the system to adapt to a learning user over the evolution of language proficiency. In this paper, we overview and motivate the design of our novel user modeling component that integrates Selinker’s Interlanguage theory and other research in Second Language Acquisition in order to accurately represent a learner’s internal grammar as it changes over time. The objectives of this effort are two-fold: to accurately diagnose and respond to learner errors, and to focus tutorial feedback on those errors which are most relevant to the learner’s acquisition process.
The role of coping strategies in predicting change in parenting efficacy and depressive symptoms among mothers of adolescents with developmental disabilities.

BACKGROUND
Parents of children with developmental disabilities (DD) face greater caregiving demands than parents of children without DD. There is considerable variability in parents' adjustment to raising a child with DD, however. In line with a strengths-based approach, this study explores coping strategies as potential mechanisms of resilience among mothers of adolescents with DD. This study examines the frequency with which mothers use various coping strategies and the extent to which those strategies moderate the relationship between adolescent behaviour problems and aspects of maternal well-being. Both positive and negative dimensions of well-being are explored, with maternal depressive symptoms and perceived parenting efficacy examined as outcomes cross-sectionally and longitudinally.


METHODS
The present study focuses on 92 mothers and their adolescents with DD. The adolescents had a wide range of diagnoses, all with continuing special needs. Data were collected from mothers through interviews and self-administered questionnaires when their adolescents were aged 15 and aged 18. A structured assessment of the adolescent was completed during home visits at age 15.


RESULTS
Mothers reported frequently using strategies of denial and planning but rarely using strategies of mental and behavioural disengagement to cope with recent stressful situations. Adolescent behaviour problems were found to contribute to greater symptoms of depression and lower feelings of parenting efficacy as well as increases in depressive symptoms over time. Mothers of sons, but not daughters, reported increases in parenting efficacy across their child's adolescent period. Above and beyond adolescent factors, several coping strategies emerged as significant predictors of mothers' symptoms of depression and perceived parenting efficacy. Moreover, use of Active Coping/Planning, Positive Reinterpretation/Growth, and Behavioural/Mental Disengagement as coping strategies moderated the impact of adolescent behaviour problems on maternal depressive symptoms.


CONCLUSIONS
This study extends previous findings by focusing on both positive and negative dimensions of parent well-being during their child's adolescent period. Adolescence can be a stressful time for parents, with typical developmental tasks entailing additional strains for parents of adolescents with DD. The present findings point to several coping strategies that may reduce the impact of challenging behaviours during this period on mothers' symptoms of depression and feelings of parenting efficacy. Certain coping strategies were found to exert a greater impact on maternal well-being for parents of adolescents with higher levels of behaviour problems, suggesting that interventions may benefit from an increased focus on this group of mothers with heightened caregiving demands.
VisiCLANG - a visible compiler for CLANG

This paper describes a visible compiler for the CLANG language. VisiCLANG shows on-screen, in various text windows, all aspects of the CLANG compiler as it compiles and executes a user's program. This allows someone who is learning the techniques of compiler construction to see the inner workings of a simple recursive-descent compiler.
Structural and geochronological evidence for Early Cretaceous orogen-parallel extension of the ductile lithosphere in the northern Dabie orogenic belt, east China

Abstract The WNW-trending North Dabie dome (NDD) in the northern Dabie orogenic belt is bounded by the Xiaotian-Mozitan ductile shear zone (XMSZ) in the north and the Wuhe-Shuihou shear zone (WSSZ) in the south. Fabric geometries and kinematics of both the XMSZ and the WSSZ are similar. They both show a top-to-NW or WNW sense of shear and display similar microstructures which indicate that the deformation temperature was about 600–650 °C. 40 Ar– 39 Ar dating of hornblende and biotite from the mylonites of the XMSZ suggests that the shear zone was developed prior to 142 Ma. U–Pb zircon LA-ICPMS dating of undeformed granite dikes that cut the XMSZ suggests that the ductile shearing occurred before 130 Ma. The WSSZ was also developed in the Early Cretaceous. The interior of the NDD is dominated by top-to-NW or WNW sense of shear in the migmatitic gneiss and deformed plutons of the earliest Early Cretaceous ages. We suggest that the XMSZ, the WSSZ, and the interior of the NDD were involved in the same Early Cretaceous deformation. The XMSZ and the WSSZ were originally a single connected, more flat-lying zone, which we call the East Dabie Detachment Zone (EDDZ). It developed at a crustal level of over 18 km in depth. Kinematics of the EDDZ suggest that the ductile crust and possibly part of the lithospheric mantle in the eastern Dabie orogen underwent pervasive orogen-parallel and ESE-ward extension at the beginning of the Early Cretaceous. Large-scale magmatic intrusions following this deformation and the resultant increase in buoyancy led to the exhumation of the NDD and the warping of the EDDZ. Erosion separated the EDDZ into two zones (the XMSZ and the WSSZ) as observed today. Many metamorphic core complexes of Early Cretaceous were developed in the eastern North China Craton, most showing top-to-NW or WNW sense of shear. We suggest that such a widespread uniform shear sense reflects a uniform flow direction of the ductile lithosphere in the East China that has also been documented in the Liaonan, Yiwulushan and Yumenshan metamorphic core complexes in the northeastern part of the North China Craton.
The five percent electrode system for high-resolution EEG and ERP measurements

OBJECTIVE
A system for electrode placement is described. It is designed for studies on topography and source analysis of spontaneous and evoked EEG activity.


METHOD
The proposed system is based on the extended International 10-20 system which contains 74 electrodes, and extends this system up to 345 electrode locations.


RESULTS
The positioning and nomenclature of the electrode system is described, and a subset of locations is proposed as especially useful for modern EEG/ERP systems, often having 128 channels available.


CONCLUSION
Similar to the extension of the 10-20 system to the 10-10 system ("10% system"), proposed in 1985, the goal of this new extension to a 10-5 system is to further promote standardization in high-resolution EEG studies.
Model-independent constraints on contact interactions from LEP2 data analysis

Abstract. We derive model-independent constraints on four-fermion contact interaction-type dynamics from the published preliminary LEP2 experimental data on e+e- annihilation into $\mu^+\mu^-$ and $\tau^+\tau^-$ pairs, measured at different energies between 130 and 207 GeV. The basic observables are chosen to be the total cross section and the forward-backward asymmetry, and the analysis realistically takes into account data uncertainties and correlations among measurements at the various energies. The combination of data from different energy points plays an important role in the determination of regions allowed for the contact interaction coupling constants. In contrast to the more common one-parameter analyses, we only obtain constraints on pairs of parameters rather than limits on individual ones.