LLukas22/scidocs huggingface dataset:
Pleistocene recharge and flow reversal in the Williston basin, central North America

Abstract Low δ 18 O values of formation waters, collapse structures related to salt dissolution, hydrodynamic blowout structures, and biodegradation of oils, all suggest a significant influx of fresh water into the Williston Basin along the outcrop belt in southern and central Manitoba during Pleistocene glaciation. The thickness of the continental ice sheet over Manitoba would have provided sufficient hydrologic head to reverse the regional-scale flow system of the Williston Basin. The dynamic nature of the flow system suggests that modern day pressure distributions may not be good proxies for ancient petroleum migration pathways as is commonly assumed.
Parental depression and child outcomes – is marital conflict the missing link?

BACKGROUND
Both maternal and paternal depression during the perinatal period are associated with adverse effects on child outcomes. Attention has started to focus on the mechanisms mediating these relationships. Marital conflict may play a role in this context.


METHODS
In a large cohort study, the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children (n = 14,541 pregnancies), we aimed to (i) investigate the relative influences of parental postnatal depression and marital conflict on child outcomes and to attempt to determine the pathway(s) of risk; (ii) investigate the impact of two types of antenatal stress (parental depression and marital conflict) on child outcomes; and (iii) determine the relative contributions of antenatal and postnatal risk. Parents completed the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale and a marital conflict scale during the second trimester and at 8 months postnatally. Child outcomes were assessed at 42 months using the Rutter revised pre-school scales.


RESULTS
Marital conflict partially mediated the relationship between postnatal depression in both mothers and fathers and child outcomes, and acted as an independent risk for adverse outcomes. Parental depression (maternal and paternal) and marital conflict in the antenatal period were both associated with adverse effects which persisted even when postnatal stresses were taken into account.


CONCLUSIONS
These findings, if replicated, suggest that screening and intervention programmes targeted at parental depression and marital problems should be considered antenatally, as well as postnatally.
Circumcision with the Plastibell Device in Hooded Prepuce or Glanular Hypospadias

PURPOSE
To retrospectively review our experience in infants with glanular hypospadias or hooded prepuce without meatal anomaly, who underwent circumcision with the plastibell device. Although circumcision with the plastibell device is well described, there are no reported experiences pertaining to hooded prepuce or glanular hypospadias that have been operated on by this technique.


MATERIALS AND METHODS
Between September 2002 and September 2008, 21 children with hooded prepuce (age 1 to 11 months, mean 4.6 months) were referred for hypospadias repair. Four of them did not have meatal anomaly. Their parents accepted this small anomaly and requested circumcision without glanuloplasty. In all cases, the circumcision was corrected by a plastibell device.


RESULTS
No complications occurred in the circumcised patients, except delayed falling of bell in one case that was removed by a surgeon, after the tenth day.


CONCLUSION
Circumcision with the plastibell device is a suitable method for excision of hooded prepuce. It can also be used successfully in infants, who have miniglanular hypospadias, and whose parents accepted this small anomaly.
Value of Trichoscopy Versus Trichogram for Diagnosis of Female Androgenetic Alopecia

BACKGROUND
Female androgenetic alopecia (FAGA) is a frequent cause of hair loss in women. Standard diagnostic methods are clinical inspection, pull test, and trichogram. It has been suggested that scalp dermoscopy (trichoscopy) revealing diversity of hair shaft diameter >20% is diagnostic of FAGA.


OBJECTIVE
To evaluate the value of trichoscopy as compared to the trichogram for the diagnosis of FAGA.


PATIENTS AND METHODS
Retrospective case study of 162 women with the complaint of hair loss who underwent trichoscopic examination and trichograms.


RESULTS
Of all women diagnosed FAGA (55%), 62% were diagnosed by trichogram, 72% by trichoscopy with a cut-off point of 20%, and 100% irrespective of the degree of diversity of hair shaft diameter.


CONCLUSIONS
Trichoscopy is a valuable and superior method to the trichogram for diagnosis of FAGA, especially in early cases, with the highest yield irrespective of the suggested cut-off of 20% diversity of hair shaft.
Evaluation of the Efficacy of Imidacloprid 10 % / Moxidectin 2.5 % (Advocate®, Advantage® Multi, Bayer) for the Prevention of Dirofilaria repens Infection in Dogs

The efficacy of imidacloprid 10 %/moxidectin 2.5 % (Advocate®, Advantage® Multi, Bayer) against experimental Dirofilaria (D.) repens infection in dogs was evaluated in a blinded, negative controlled randomised laboratory efficacy study. On SD (study day) 0, eight dogs received a spot-on treatment at a dose of 10 mg imidacloprid and 2.5 mg moxidectin per kg body weight. Another 8 dogs were left untreated. On SD 28 each dog was infected with approximately 75 infective D. repens larvae. Blood samples were collected every 4 weeks after treatment. A modified Knott test was conducted to detect mf (microfilaria). PCR analysis was performed with mf-positive blood samples. On SDs 245 and 246, all dogs were euthanised for detection of D. repens worms. Blood samples of all treated dogs were negative for mf at all sampling days. Blood samples of control dogs were positive for mf in 5 out of 8 control dogs. Individual mf counts ranged from 7 to 2800 mf/ml. In mf-positive blood samples, only D. repens was identified by PCR analysis. During necropsy D. repens worms could be detected in eight untreated control dogs (range: 3–21 worms per dog), whereas no worm could be detected in any of the treated dogs. These results indicate a 100 % preventive efficiency of a single spot-on treatment of imidacloprid 10 %/moxidectin 2.5 % in dogs against experimental infection with D. repens (L3 larvae). The product was well tolerated in all study animals, no treatment related adverse reactions were observed throughout the study.
Trends and challenges in cloud datacenters

Next-generation datacenters (DCs) built on virtualization technologies are pivotal to the effective implementation of the cloud computing paradigm. To deliver the necessary services and quality of service, cloud DCs face major reliability and robustness challenges.
Dynamic component substitution in web-based simulation

Recent breakthroughs in communication and software engineering has resulted in significant growth of web-based computing. Web-based techniques have been employed for modeling, simulation, and analysis of systems. The models for simulation are usually developed using component based techniques. In a component based model, a system is represented as a set of interconnected components. A component is a well defined software module that is viewed as a "black box" i.e., only its interface is of concern and not its implementation. However, the behavior of a component, which is necessary for simulation, could be implemented by different modelers including third party manufacturers. Web-based simulation environments enable effective sharing and reuse of components thereby minimizing model development overheads. In component based simulations, one or more components can be substituted during simulation with a functionally equivalent set of components. Such Dynamic Component Substitutions (DCS) provide an effective technique for selectively changing the level of abstraction of a model during simulation. It provides a tradeoff between simulation overheads and model details. It can be used to effectively study large systems and accelerate rare event simulations to desired scenarios of interest. DCS may also be used to achieve fault-tolerance in Web-based simulations. This paper presents the ongoing research to design and implement support for DCS in A Web-based Environment for Systems Engineering (WESE).
Conceptual problem solving in high school physics

Jennifer L. Docktor, Natalie E. Strand, José P. Mestre, and Brian H. Ross Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin–La Crosse, La Crosse, Wisconsin 54601, USA Department of Physics, University of Illinois, Urbana, Illinois 61801, USA Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois, Urbana, Illinois 61801, USA Department of Educational Psychology, University of Illinois, Champaign, Illinois 61820, USA Department of Psychology, University of Illinois, Champaign, Illinois 61820, USA (Received 30 April 2015; published 1 September 2015)
Royal Institute of Technology, Kth Practical Voice over Ip Imit 2g1325

Today VoiceXML is the standard scripting language for rendering web pages over the telephone. Developing costs of an interactive phone application have changed dramatically with the new markup language. VoiceXML builds on the basic concept and rules set by XML. Interactive applications contain synthesized speech, pre-recorded audio, grammars defining words that could be recognised, and DTMF key input. By saying something or pressing the keypad on the phone the user transitions between different pages. VoiceXML could be used in many different ways. You can integrate it with your web page, letting people access it through a phone. It is simple to create services such as booking a ticket or looking up when the bus leaves. It can be used to create a voicemail from your phone or having your regular e-mail be read to you. Some vendors of voice gateways even offer SMS add-ons. The neat thing is that VoiceXML works both with the traditional PSTN system and the new technology of Voice over IP (VoIP). This paper describes how VoiceXML is defined and how it works. It also contains a short discussion between the differences in SALT, Microsoft's voice language, and VoiceXML. We have tried to implement our own service and it is described in detail in chapter 6. Our conclusion is that VoiceXML is a great way to create voice-enabled applications. However the Text-To-Speech and speech recognition engines on the market have to be improved before they will be convenient for regular users to use.
Transcriptome analysis of rin mutant fruit and in silico analysis of promoters of differentially regulated genes provides insight into LeMADS-RIN-regulated ethylene-dependent as well as ethylene-independent aspects of ripening in tomato

A thorough understanding of molecular mechanisms underlying ripening is the prerequisite for genetic manipulation of fruits for better shelf-life and nutritional quality. Mutation in LeMADS-RIN, a MADS-box gene, leads to non-ripening phenotype of rin fruits in tomato. Characterization of ripening-inhibitor (rin) mutant has elucidated important role of ethylene in the regulation of climacteric fruit ripening. A complete understanding of this mutation will unravel novel genetic regulatory mechanisms involved in fruit ripening. In this study, fruit transcriptomes of two genotypes, including a cultivated Indian cultivar Solanum lycopersicum cv. Pusa Ruby and a homozygous line harboring the rin mutation (LA1795) were compared to get better insight into RIN-regulated ethylene-dependent and ethylene-independent events during ripening. Cluster analysis of ripening-related genes indicated a major shift in their expression profiles in rin mutant fruit. A total of 112 genes, exhibiting expression patterns similar to that of LeMADS-RIN in wild-type fruits, showed down regulation of expression in the rin mutant. In silico analysis of putative promoters of these genes for the presence of CArG box along with ERE and ethylene inducibility of these genes revealed that genes lacking CArG box in their regulatory regions could be indirectly regulated by LeMADS-RIN. New regulators of ethylene-dependent aspect of ripening were also identified. In this study, we have made an attempt to distinguish between ethylene-dependent and ethylene-independent aspects of ripening, which will be useful for developing strategies to improve fruit-related agronomic traits in tomato and other crops.
First results of the DEB-AMI (drug eluting balloon in acute ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction) trial: a multicenter randomized comparison of drug-eluting balloon plus bare-metal stent versus bare-metal stent versus drug-eluting stent in primary percutaneous coronary intervention with 6-mont

OBJECTIVES
The goal of this study was to compare angiographic, intravascular imaging, and functional parameters, as well as the clinical outcomes of patients treated with drug-eluting balloon (DEB) plus bare-metal stent (BMS) versus BMS versus drug-eluting stent (DES) for ST-segment elevated acute myocardial infarction (STEMI).


BACKGROUND
Concerns remain regarding the long-term safety of DES in STEMI. DEB could provide an attractive alternative in order to achieve potentially similar effectiveness but limiting the long-term hazards related to late-acquired stent malapposition and thus stent thrombosis.


METHODS
In this randomized, international, 2-center, single-blinded, 3-arm study, STEMI patients were randomly assigned to group A: BMS; group B: DEB plus BMS; or group C: DES after successful thrombus aspiration. The primary endpoint was 6-month angiographic in-stent late-luminal loss. Secondary endpoints were in-stent binary restenosis, major adverse cardiac events (MACE: cardiac death, myocardial infarction, target vessel revascularization). In a subgroup of patients, stent (mal)apposition (by optical coherence tomography) and endothelial function (by acetylcholine infusion) was assessed.


RESULTS
Overall, 150 patients were randomized. Procedural success was achieved in 96.7%. In groups A, B, and C, respectively, late-luminal loss was 0.74 ± 0.57 mm, 0.64 ± 0.56 mm, and 0.21 ± 0.32 mm (p < 0.01); binary restenosis was 26.2%, 28.6%, and 4.7% (p = 0.01); and MACE rates were 23.5%, 20.0%, and 4.1% (p = 0.02), respectively. The median percentage [25th to 75th interquartile range] of uncovered and malapposed stent struts per lesion was 0 [0 to 0.35], 2.84 [0 to 6.63], and 5.21 [3.25 to 14.5] (p < 0.01). Significant paradoxical vasoconstriction was seen in groups B and C.


CONCLUSIONS
In STEMI patients, DEB followed by BMS implantation failed to show angiographic superiority to BMS only. Angiographic results of DES were superior to both BMS and DEB. Moreover, DEB before implantation induced more uncovered and malapposed stent struts than BMS, but less than after DES. (Drug-Eluting Balloon in Acute Myocardial Infarction [DEB-AMI]; NCT00856765).
Linking perceived organizational support with employee work outcomes in a Chinese context: Organizational identification as a mediator

Perceived organizational support (POS) is viewed as an important explanatory framework for understanding the relationship between employees and the workplace, and is regarded by some researchers as central in understanding job-related attitudes and behaviors of employees. However, less research has taken into account the role of organizational identification, which reflects how individuals define the self with respect to their organization, as a potential influence on such relationships. Drawing on a cross-organizational sample of 238 subordinate-supervisor dyads from the People’s Republic of China, we examined whether organizational identification mediates the effect of perceived organizational support (POS) on work outcomes including turnover intentions, work performance, and organizational citizenship behavior (OCB). Results from the current study showed that organizational identification fully mediates the relation of POS to OCB-directed to individuals, and partially mediates relations between POS and other work outcomes (turnover intention, work performance, OCB-directed to organization). Implications for management theory and practice are discussed. 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Symbolic Variable Elimination for Discrete and Continuous Graphical Models

Probabilistic reasoning in the real-world often requires inference in continuous variable graphical models, yet there are few methods for exact, closed-form inference when joint distributions are non-Gaussian. To address this inferential deficit, we introduce SVE – a symbolic extension of the well-known variable elimination algorithm to perform exact inference in an expressive class of mixed discrete and continuous variable graphical models whose conditional probability functions can be well-approximated as oblique piecewise polynomials with bounded support. Using this representation, we show that we can compute all of the SVE operations exactly and in closed-form, which crucially includes definite integration w.r.t. multivariate piecewise polynomial functions. To aid in the efficient computation and compact representation of this solution, we use an extended algebraic decision diagram (XADD) data structure that supports all SVE operations. We provide illustrative results for SVE on probabilistic inference queries inspired by robotics localization and tracking applications that mix various continuous distributions; this represents the first time a general closed-form exact solution has been proposed for this expressive class of discrete/continuous graphical models.
Electrogram-guided isolation of the left superior vena cava for treatment of atrial fibrillation.

AIMS
Radiofrequency ablation targeting the pulmonary veins offers potential cure for patients with symptomatic paroxysmal atrial fibrillation (AF). Initiating ectopics can also arise from other sites including the major thoracic veins, vein of Marshall and more rarely, persistent left superior vena cava (LSVC). We report our experience with arrhythmogenic persistent LSVC initiating AF.


METHODS AND RESULTS
The LSVC was present in four patients from an overall series of 204 patients undergoing AF ablation at our centre. All were males, mean age 50 +/- 11 years. All patients underwent pre-procedure transesophageal echocardiography. The mapping of the LSVC was performed with a circumferential mapping catheter following pulmonary vein isolation. Atrial ectopics from the LSVC were observed to initiate AF. Catheter ablation (power controlled mode; 65 degrees C and 30 W at irrigation flow rate of 30 mL/min) resulted in electrical isolation of the LSVC in all patients and was accompanied by termination of AF in one of four patients. There were no complications. All patients underwent multiple procedures (three procedures in one patient, two procedures in three patients). After a mean follow-up of 18 +/- 7 months (range 7-24 months), three of the four patients remained free of AF off antiarrhythmic medications.


CONCLUSION
Arrhythmogenic foci within persistent LSVC can result in AF despite electrical isolation of pulmonary veins. This report demonstrates the importance of the LSVC as a potential source of atrial ectopics initiating and perpetuating AF.
Radiation-reduction strategies in cardiac computed tomographic angiography.

Ionizing radiation has long been known to increase the risk of cancer. X-rays and γ-rays are officially classified as a carcinogen by the World Health Organization's International Agency for Research on Cancer.(1) Of the 5 billion imaging investigations performed worldwide two-thirds employ ionizing radiation.(2) Diagnostic x-rays are the largest man-made source of radiation exposure to the general population, and computed tomography (CT) represents the largest proportion of these.(3) Diagnostic CT has seen a dramatic increase in applications in the last two decades, not least in the higher dose applications. Whilst the increased use of CT has undoubtedly been of patient benefit, it inevitably will be associated with an increase in malignancy due to medical exposure. In fact a recent study from the USA has estimated that the CT examinations performed in 2007 could result in 29,000 future cancers based on current risk estimations.(4) Whilst the numbers in the UK will be less (only 4 million examinations are performed compared to 70 million), it is clear that it is the responsibility of all radiologists to carefully examine their CT techniques and protocols with the aim to reduce the dose of examinations without compromising their accuracy. Cardiac computed tomographic angiography (CTA) initially was a very high dose application. However, both clinicians and CT system manufacturers have done a large amount of work to reduce dose. Dramatic changes have been achieved and the aim of this review is to highlight these. However, such developments are not exclusively applicable to cardiac CTA and many can be utilized in CT in general.
Time-action profile of inhaled insulin in comparison with subcutaneously injected insulin lispro and regular human insulin.

OBJECTIVE
This study compares the time-action profile of inhaled insulin (INH; Exubera) with that of subcutaneously injected insulin lispro (ILP) or regular human insulin (RHI) in healthy volunteers.


RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS
In this open-label, randomized, three-way, crossover study, 17 healthy male volunteers were given each of the following treatments in random order: INH (6 mg), ILP (18 units), or RHI (18 units). Glucose infusion rates and serum insulin concentrations were monitored over 10 h.


RESULTS
INH had a faster onset of action than both RHI and ILP, as indicated by shorter time to early half-maximal effect (32 vs. 48 and 41 min, respectively; P < 0.001 for IHN vs. RHI and P < 0.05 for IHN vs. ILP). Time to maximal effect was comparable between INH and ILP (143 vs. 137 min; NS) but was shorter for INH than RHI (193 min; P < 0.01). The maximal metabolic effect of INH was comparable with RHI but lower than ILP (8.7 vs. 9.8 vs. 11.2 mg . kg(-1) . min(-1), respectively; P < 0.01 for INH vs. ILP). The duration of action of INH, indicated by time to late half-maximal effect (387 min), was longer than ILP (313 min; P < 0.01) and comparable to RHI (415 min; NS). Total glucodynamic effect after inhalation of INH was comparable to both ILP and RHI (NS). Relative bioefficacy of INH was 10% versus RHI and 11% versus ILP. No drug-related adverse events were observed.


CONCLUSIONS
INH had a faster onset of action than RHI or ILP and a duration of action longer than ILP and comparable to RHI. These characteristics suggest that inhaled insulin is suitable for prandial insulin supplementation in patients with diabetes.