LLukas22/scidocs huggingface dataset:
Radical embodiment: neural dynamics and consciousness

We propose a new approach to the neuroscience of consciousness, growing out of the 'enactive' viewpoint in cognitive science. This approach aims to map the neural substrates of consciousness at the level of large-scale, emergent and transient dynamical patterns of brain activity (rather than at the level of particular circuits or classes of neurons), and it suggests that the processes crucial for consciousness cut across the brain-body-world divisions, rather than being brain-bound neural events. Whereas standard approaches to the neural correlates of consciousness have assumed a one-way causal-explanatory relationship between internal neural representational systems and the contents of consciousness, our approach allows for theories and hypotheses about the two-way or reciprocal relationship between embodied conscious states and local neuronal activity.
Space-Vector-Modulated Three-Level Inverters With a Single Z-Source Network

The Z-source inverter is a relatively recent converter topology that exhibits both voltage-buck and voltage-boost capability. The Z-source concept can be applied to all dc-to-ac, ac-to-dc, ac-to-ac, and dc-to-dc power conversion whether two-level or multilevel. However, multilevel converters offer many benefits for higher power applications. Previous publications have shown the control of a Z-source neutral point clamped inverter using the carrier-based modulation technique. This paper presents the control of a Z-source neutral point clamped inverter using the space vector modulation technique. This gives a number of benefits, both in terms of implementation and harmonic performance. The adopted approach enables the operation of the Z-source arrangement to be optimized and implemented digitally without introducing any extra commutations. The proposed techniques are demonstrated both in simulation and through experimental results from a prototype converter.
Concentrated solar thermoelectric generators

Solar thermoelectric generators (STEGs) are solid state heat engines that generate electricity from concentrated sunlight. In this paper, we develop a novel detailed balance model for STEGs and apply this model to both state-of-the-art and idealized materials. This model uses thermoelectric compatibility theory to provide analytic solutions to device efficiency in idealized materials with temperature-dependent properties. The results of this modeling allow us to predict maximum theoretical STEG efficiencies and suggest general design rules for STEGs. With today’s materials, a STEG with an incident flux of 100 kWm 2 and a hot side temperature of 1000 C could achieve 15.9% generator efficiency, making STEGs competitive with concentrated solar power plants. Future developments will depend on materials that can provide higher operating temperatures or higher material efficiency. For example, a STEG with zT 1⁄4 2 at 1500 C would have an efficiency of 30.6%.
Cadaveric simulation of a pes cavus foot.

BACKGROUND
The pes cavus deformity has been well described in the literature; relative bony positions have been determined and specific muscle imbalances have been summarized. However, we are unaware of a cadaveric model that has been used to generate this foot pathology. The purpose of this study was to create such a model for future work on surgical and conservative treatment simulation.


MATERIALS AND METHODS
We used a custom designed, pneumatically actuated loading frame to apply forces to otherwise normal cadaveric feet while measuring bony motion as well as force beneath the foot. The dorsal tarsometatarsal and the dorsal intercuneiform ligaments were attenuated and three muscle imbalances, each similar to imbalances believed to cause the pes cavus deformity, were applied while bony motion and plantar forces were measured.


RESULTS
Only one of the muscle imbalances (overpull of the Achilles tendon, tibialis anterior, tibialis posterior, flexor hallucis longus and flexor digitorum longus) was successful at consistently generating the changes seen in pes cavus feet. This imbalance led to statistically significant changes including hindfoot inversion, talar dorsiflexion, medial midfoot plantar flexion and inversion, forefoot plantar flexion and adduction and an increase in force on the lateral mid- and forefoot.


CONCLUSION
We have created a cadaveric model that approximates the general changes of the pes cavus deformity compared to normal feet. These changes mirror the general patterns of deformity produced by several disease mechanisms.


CLINICAL RELEVANCE
Future work will entail increasing the severity of the model and exploring various pes cavus treatment strategies.
Threaded code designs for Forth interpreters

Introduction Forth interpreters can utilize several techniques for implementing threaded code. We will classify these techniques to better understand the mechanisms underlying "threaded interpretive languages", or TILs. One basic assumption we will make is that the TIL is implemented on a typical microprocessor (which is usually the case). The following are the elements of any threaded interpretive language. These must be designed together to make the interpreter work.
State-of-Charge Estimation and State-of-Health Prediction of a Li-Ion Degraded Battery Based on an EKF Combined With a Per-Unit System

This paper describes the application of an extended Kalman filter (EKF) combined with a per-unit (p.u.) system to the identification of suitable battery model parameters for the high-accuracy state-of-charge (SOC) estimation and state-of-health (SOH) prediction of a Li-Ion degraded battery. Variances in electrochemical characteristics among Li-Ion batteries caused by aging differences result in erroneous SOC estimation and SOH prediction when using the existing EKF algorithm. To apply the battery model parameters varied by the aging effect, based on the p.u. system, the absolute values of the parameters in the equivalent circuit model in addition to the discharging/charging voltage and current are converted into dimensionless values relative to a set of base value. The converted values are applied to dynamic and measurement models in the EKF algorithm. In particular, based on two methods such as direct current internal resistance measurement and the statistical analysis of voltage pattern, each diffusion resistance (RDiff) can be measured and used for offline and online SOC estimations, respectively. All SOC estimates are within ±5% of the values estimated by ampere-hour counting. Moreover, it is shown that RDiff is more sensitive than other model parameters under identical experimental conditions and, hence, implementable for SOH prediction.
How Good Are My Tests?

Background: Test quality is a prerequisite for achieving production system quality. While the concept of quality is multidimensional, most of the effort in testing context hasbeen channelled towards measuring test effectiveness. Objective: While effectiveness of tests is certainly important, we aim to identify a core list of testing principles that also address other quality facets of testing, and to discuss how they can be quantified as indicators of test quality. Method: We have conducted a two-day workshop with our industry partners to come up with a list of relevant principles and best practices expected to result in high quality tests. We then utilised our academic and industrial training materials together with recommendations in practitioner oriented testing books to refine the list. We surveyed existing literature for potential metrics to quantify identified principles. Results: We have identified a list of 15 testing principles to capture the essence of testing goals and best practices from quality perspective. Eight principles do not map toexisting test smells and we propose metrics for six of those. Further, we have identified additional potential metrics for the seven principles that partially map to test smells. Conclusion: We provide a core list of testing principles along with a discussion of possible ways to quantify them for assessing goodness of tests. We believe that our work wouldbe useful for practitioners in assessing the quality of their tests from multiple perspectives including but not limited to maintainability, comprehension and simplicity.
SymDetector: detecting sound-related respiratory symptoms using smartphones

This paper proposes SymDetector, a smartphone based application to unobtrusively detect the sound-related respiratory symptoms occurred in a user's daily life, including sneeze, cough, sniffle and throat clearing. SymDetector uses the built-in microphone on the smartphone to continuously monitor a user's acoustic data and uses multi-level processes to detect and classify the respiratory symptoms. Several practical issues are considered in developing SymDetector, such as users' privacy concerns about their acoustic data, resource constraints of the smartphone and different contexts of the smartphone. We have implemented SymDetector on Galaxy S3 and evaluated its performance in real experiments involving 16 users and 204 days. The experimental results show that SymDetector can detect these four types of respiratory symptoms with high accuracy under various conditions.
New surgical technique for sphincter urinary control system using upper transverse scrotal incision.

PURPOSE
Traditional implantation of the AMS Sphincter 800 Urinary Control System (American Medical Systems, Minnetonka, Minnesota) requires 2 incisions. The cuff is placed via a perineal incision, and the pressure regulating balloon and pump are placed through a separate suprapubic incision. We describe a novel implantation of all the artificial urinary sphincter components using a single upper scrotal incision. The scrotal incision allows excellent access to the proximal bulbar urethra and retropubic and subdartos spaces, and leaves the bulbocavernosus muscle intact.


MATERIALS AND METHODS
A total of 37 patients have undergone artificial urinary sphincter implantation using the new operative technique for revisions or reimplantations of a sphincter previously removed for infection/erosion (12) or as an initial procedure (25). In 9 of the 25 patients and 2 of the 12 dual implantation of a 3-piece penile prosthesis through the same incision was performed.


RESULTS
All patients are using the devices. Of the patients 66% are completely dry with no pad use and the remainder use 1 pad for accident prevention. Operative time was reduced due to easier exposure of the urethra and a second incision for placement of the pressure regulating balloon was not necessary. Followup at 1 year shows no difference in complication rate with the single incision technique compared to the traditional method.


CONCLUSIONS
Artificial urinary sphincter implantation through a single scrotal incision is easier and faster than the traditional 2-incision technique. Success in achieving continence is similar to traditional methods. Long-term followup is necessary to ensure that complications remain low.
Smartphone usage and increased risk of mobile phone addiction: A concurrent study

Objective
This study aimed to study the mobile phone addiction behavior and awareness on electromagnetic radiation (EMR) among a sample of Malaysian population.


Methods
This online study was conducted between December 2015 and 2016. The study instrument comprised eight segments, namely, informed consent form, demographic details, habituation, mobile phone fact and EMR details, mobile phone awareness education, psychomotor (anxious behavior) analysis, and health issues. Frequency of the data was calculated and summarized in the results.


Results
Totally, 409 respondents participated in the study. The mean age of the study participants was 22.88 (standard error = 0.24) years. Most of the study participants developed dependency with smartphone usage and had awareness (level 6) on EMR. No significant changes were found on mobile phone addiction behavior between the participants having accommodation on home and hostel.


Conclusion
The study participants were aware about mobile phone/radiation hazards and many of them were extremely dependent on smartphones. One-fourth of the study population were found having feeling of wrist and hand pain because of smartphone use which may lead to further physiological and physiological complication.
Optimized configuration of a tactile sensor system for flexible grippers

Autonomous grasping operations in dynamical environments are key elements of solutions for Factory-of-the-Future scenarios. The manipulator has to cope with a broad variety of objects with different shapes, materials and uncertain poses but at the same time it should provide reliable grasping and placement operations. Within this context, tactile sensors mounted directly on the grippers are a promising solution for monitoring the grasping process. They operate independently from light or line of sight configurations, thus offer a new object detection modality, besides optical-based systems. We receive an imprint of the grasped object with a spatial resolution according to the sensor pattern. However, in case of grippers with a flexible structure and material, this method generates spurious measurements if the gripper is deformed during a manipulation process. This effect disturbs the evaluation of the gripper's state or object position. In this paper, we develop the specification of a tailored tactile sensor configuration able to handle gripper deformations. Based on the results we present a proof-of-concept implementation.
Gravity and the quantum potential

We review some material connecting gravity and the quantum potential and provide a few new observations.
The Italian Reformation Outside Italy. Francesco Pucci's Heresy in Sixteenth Century Europe

Abbreviations Acknowledgments Introduction Chapter 1. Becoming a Heretic in Sixteenth Century Florence. Francesco Pucci and his Intellectual Education. 1. In the labyrinth of sources: between history and autobiography 2. Florence, the "Benefit of Christ" and the Academy 3. "A new theology" Chapter 2. Francesco Pucci in France during the first Wars of Religion 1. Lyons 2. Paris and its environs. Among Florentine exiles and utopian projects 3. An anti-Roman polemicist or a masked "Papist"? 4. Between Heretics and Jesuits. Converting in Europe at the End of the Sixteenth-Century. 5. Autobiography of an encounter. John Dee and Edward Kelley Chapter 3. At the gates of Paris. Henry IV and the Roman Inquisition 1. From reconciliation to flight 2. Pucci's millenarism 3. Conciliarism and Latitudinarianism 4. "Earthly affairs" and "heavenly matters" Chapter 4. Amid Catholics and Calvinists. Francesco Pucci in Late Sixteenth-Century France 1. A Calvinist in ligueur Paris? 2. In the wake of Saint Thomas 3. "Inhumanly treated". A late sixteenth-century dispute in Paris 4. At the margins of the "De auxiliis" controversy Chapter 5. Jean Hotman and French Irenicism 1. A possible meeting in Paris 2. The reasons for an exclusion 3. Irenicism or tolerance? Chapter 6. The limits of the Kingdom of God 1. Francesco Pucci and Francois Du Jon: Conflicting Irenicisms 2. The Lutheran Attack 3. Pelagius'error. The Catholic reply 4. Bruno, Campanella and the Limits of the Kingdom of God Epilogue Conclusion. An Italian Heresy Appendix Bibliography Index of names
Promotion and Its Influence on Destination Awareness and Loyalty in the Tourism Industry

Internet is commonly accepted as an important aspect in successful tourism promotion as well as destination marketing in this era. The main aim of this study is to explore how online promotion and its influence on destination awareness and loyalty in the tourism industry. This study proposes a structural model of the relationships among online promotion (OP), destination awareness (DA), tourist satisfaction (TS) and destination loyalty (DL). Randomly-selected respondents from the population of international tourists departing from Vietnamese international airports were selected as the questionnaire samples in the study. Initially, the exploratory factor analysis (EFA) was performed to test the validity of constructs, and the confirmatory factor analysis (CFA), using AMOS, was used to test the significance of the proposed hypothesizes model. The results show that the relationships among OP, DA, TS and DL appear significant in this study. The result also indicates that online promotion could improve the destination loyalty. Finally, the academic contribution, implications of the findings for tourism marketers and limitation are also discussed in this study. JEL classification numbers: L11
The Dark Triad and Interpersonal Perception: Similarities and Differences in the Social Consequences of Narcissism, Machiavellianism, and Psychopathy

The subclinical Dark Triad traits narcissism, Machiavellianism, and psychopathy (Paulhus & Williams, 2002) are related to antagonistic behaviors in interpersonal situations. The current study addresses whether these three traits entail different social consequences by investigating self-ratings, ratings of others, and ratings by others for the Dark Triad. In a naturalistic setting, 93 informal, minimally acquainted student dyads worked briefly on a cooperative task and subsequently provided selfand otherratings on the Big Five and intelligence, self-ratings on the Dark Triad, and ratings on properties of the interaction. Overall, narcissism, Machiavellianism, and psychopathy manifested differently: profile analyses indicated that Machiavellians diverged from narcissists and psychopaths in self-ratings, ratings of others, and ratings by others, while narcissists and psychopaths converged to a moderate degree. Findings are discussed regarding the distinction of the Dark Triad traits.
80ºC, 50-Gb/s Directly Modulated InGaAlAs BH-DFB Lasers

Direct modulation at 50 Gb/s of 1.3-μm InGaAlAs DFB lasers operating at up to 80°C was experimentally demonstrated by using a ridge-shaped buried heterostructure.
New Applications based on collaborative geodata – the case of Routing

Setting the scene The successful collection of information by masses of volunteering individuals enabled by Web technology (otherwise referred to as Web 2.0) does not halt before the realm of geographic information. Information resources available for instance in the online-encyclopedia Wikipedia or the photo-sharing platform flickr are currently being extended with geographic information or geotags at an impressive rate. Even more remarkable in the given context, several projects concentrating solely on the collection of geographic information have formed. Goodchild (2007) gives an overview of these global collaborations and calls the phenomenon Voluntary Geographic Information (VGI).
NIH Image to ImageJ: 25 years of image analysis

For the past 25 years NIH Image and ImageJ software have been pioneers as open tools for the analysis of scientific images. We discuss the origins, challenges and solutions of these two programs, and how their history can serve to advise and inform other software projects.
Patient outcomes after fibrinolytic therapy for acute myocardial infarction at hospitals with and without coronary revascularization capability.

OBJECTIVES
This study evaluated clinical outcomes in patients with acute myocardial infarction (MI) treated with fibrinolytic therapy in hospitals with and without coronary revascularization capability.


BACKGROUND
Patients with MI may have better outcomes when admitted to certain hospitals with coronary revascularization capability. Development of regional heart care centers for the treatment of MI has been proposed.


METHOD
We performed a retrospective analysis of 25,515 U.S. patients enrolled in the Global Use of Streptokinase and TPA (alteplase) for Occluded Coronary arteries (GUSTO)-I trial. Outcomes of patients admitted to hospitals with and without coronary revascularization capability were analyzed. We also analyzed patients who remained in hospitals without coronary revascularization capability compared with those transferred to hospitals with revascularization capability.


RESULTS
Baseline characteristics and complications were similar between patients in the two hospital types. Patients in hospitals with coronary revascularization capability more often underwent cardiac catheterization (78.1% vs. 59.2%; p < 0.001), angioplasty (34.6% vs. 22.6%; p < 0.001), or bypass surgery (14.1% vs. 10.4%; p < 0.001) but had a similar adjusted 30-day (odds ratio [OR] 0.91, 95% confidence interval [CI] 82 to 1.02) and one-year (OR 0.98, 95% CI 0.90 to 1.07) mortality. Forty percent of patients admitted to hospitals without revascularization capability were transferred, with 94% of transfer patients undergoing angiography. Almost 80% of transfers occurred >48 h after hospital admission.


CONCLUSION
Patients receiving fibrinolytic therapy for acute MI admitted to hospitals without coronary revascularization capability appear to have outcomes similar to those of patients admitted to hospitals with such capability when aspirin and beta-adrenergic blocking agents are given appropriately and transfer is available for angiography and angioplasty as needed.
Does air travel affect pregnancy outcome?

To evaluate if air travel affects pregnancy outcome, all women with singleton, non anomalous fetuses, admitted for delivery at a gestational age >20.0 weeks over a 6-month period were asked if they traveled by airflight during pregnancy, including details of the destination and length of their flights and any complications during the travel. Pregnancy outcome was obtained by chart review. Statistical analysis included Student’s t-test, Mann-Whitney U test, chi square, Fisher’s exact test where appropriate, and linear and logistic regression analysis, with p<0.05 considered significant. Two hundred twenty-two women were studied. Of these, 53% (n=118) traveled at least once during pregnancy (median 2 flights, range 1–12). The first flight was taken at a mean ± standard deviation gestational age of 13.3±7.6 weeks with average flight lasting 4±2 h. There were no differences in gestational age at delivery (39.1 vs. 38.4 weeks, p=0.07), neonatal birthweight (3,379 vs. 3,273 g, p=0.24), or rates of vaginal bleeding (2% vs. 5%, p=0.26), preterm delivery <37 weeks (9% vs. 14%, p=0.29), preeclampsia (5% vs. 6%, p=0.76), neonatal intensive care unit admission (13% vs. 16%, p=0.56), or cumulative adverse obstetric outcome (p=0.61) between those who did and did not air travel during pregnancy. Power analysis demonstrated that a sample size of 2,803 women in each group would be necessary to show that air travel has a protective effect against adverse pregnancy outcome (alpha = 0.05, beta = 0.80). There were no thromboembolic events complicating any of the pregnancies. Our findings suggest that air travel is not associated with increased risk of complications for pregnancies that reach 20 weeks’ gestation.