LLukas22/scidocs huggingface dataset:
Evidence of reactive oxygen species (ROS) mediated apoptosis in Setaria cervi induced by green silver nanoparticles from Acacia auriculiformis at a very low dose.

Green synthesis of silver nanomaterial plays a pivotal role in the growing field of nanotechnology. Development of anti-parasitic drugs from plant metabolites has been in regular practice from the ancient period but most of them were discarded due to their inefficiency to control diseases effectively. At present, nanoparticles are used for developing anti-parasitic therapy for their unique properties such as smallest in size, bio-ability, bio-compatibility and penetration capacity into a cell. The present study aims at synthesis of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) by using funicles extract of Acacia auriculiformis and tests its efficacy as antifilarial. Experimental evidence show that AgNPs are effective at a very low concentration compared to crude plant extracts. Synthesis of these nanoparticles is a single-step, biogenic, cost effective and eco-friendly process. Synthesized nanoparticles were characterized by UV-Vis spectroscopy, TEM, SAED, FTIR, EDX, FESEM and Z-potential. The antifilarial efficacy of AgNPs was tested against different life cycle stages of bovine filarial parasite Setaria cervi by morphological study, motility assessment and viability assay. These nanoparticles are found to have antifilarial activity with LC50 of 5.61 μg/mL and LC90 of 15.54 μg/mL against microfilaria of S. cervi. The microscopic findings and the detailed molecular studies confirmed that green synthesized AgNPs were effective enough to induce apoptosis through up regulation of ROS (reactive oxygen species).
Arduino Based Paperless Queue Management System

Queue management system is designed in organizing queues at service sectors like banks and post offices, which expected to have a large number of customers daily. Conventional ways of managing queues like issuing paper tickets printed with queue number lead to several problems such as paper tickets littering and also long queueing or waiting time. Therefore, this paper presents the development of a system to manage queues more efficiently and eco-friendly. The proposed system consists of a Graphical User Interface (GUI), which is used to obtain customers’ mobile phone numbers and the processing unit, which generates the queue number and initiate the ticket to be sent to customers’ mobile phones via SMS, thus replacing the utilization of papers. Moreover, this system additional features allow customers to remotely obtain their queue number just by sending a request to the system through SMS and also reminding the upcoming customers that their turns are nearly arriving, a feature which is very useful especially for those who are waiting outside the premise. Simulations and experimental tests were conducted to ensure the reliability and the efficiency of the proposed system. The proposed system is supporting the development of sustainable green technology, and the expected increase of system efficiency may contribute to improving customers’ satisfaction.
Comparison of cadaveric and isomorphic three-dimensional printed models in temporal bone education.

OBJECTIVES/HYPOTHESIS
Current three-dimensional (3D) printed simulations are complicated by insufficient void spaces and inconsistent density. We describe a novel simulation with focus on internal anatomic fidelity and evaluate against template/identical cadaveric education.


STUDY DESIGN
Research ethics board-approved prospective cohort study.


METHODS
Generation of a 3D printed temporal bone was performed using a proprietary algorithm that deconstructs the digital model into slices prior to printing. This supplemental process facilitates removal of residual material from air-containing spaces and permits requisite infiltrative access to the all regions of the model. Ten otolaryngology trainees dissected a cadaveric temporal bone (CTB) followed by a matched/isomorphic 3D printed bone model (PBM), based on derivative micro-computed tomography data. Participants rated 1) physical characteristics, 2) specific anatomic constructs, 3) usefulness in skill development, and 4) perceived educational value. The survey instrument employed a seven-point Likert scale.


RESULTS
Trainees felt physical characteristics of the PBM were quite similar to CTB, with highly ranked cortical (5.5 ± 1.5) and trabecular (5.2 ± 1.3) bone drill quality. The overall model was considered comparable to CTB (5.9 ± 0.74), with respectable air cell reproduction (6.1 ± 1.1). Internal constructs were rated as satisfactory (range, 4.9-6.2). The simulation was considered a beneficial training tool for all types of mastoidectomy (range, 5.9-6.6), posterior tympanotomy (6.5 ± 0.71), and skull base approaches (range, 6-6.5). Participants believed the model to be an effective training instrument (6.7 ± 0.68), which should be incorporated into the temporal bone lab (7.0 ± 0.0). The PBM was thought to improve confidence (6.7 ± 0.68) and operative performance (6.7 ± 0.48).


CONCLUSIONS
Study participants found the PBM to be an effective platform that compared favorably to CTB. The model was considered a valuable adjunctive training tool with both realistic mechanical and visual character.


LEVEL OF EVIDENCE
NA
An innovation - diffusion view of implementation of enterprise resource planning (ERP) systems and development of a research model

Firms around the world have been implementing enterprise resource planning (ERP) systems since the 1990s to have an uniform information system in their respective organizations and to reengineer their business processes. Through a case type analysis conducted in six manufacturing firms that have one of the widely used ERP systems, various contextual factors that influenced these firms to implement this technology were understood using the six-stage model proposed by Kwon and Zmud. Three types of ERP systems, viz. SAP, Baan and Oracle ERP were studied in this research. Implementation of ERP systems was found to follow the stage model. The findings from the process model were used to develop the items for the causal model and in identifying appropriate constructs to group those items. In order to substantiate that the constructs developed to measure the causal model were congruent with the findings based on qualitative analysis, i.e. that the instrument appropriately reflects the understanding of the case interview; ‘triangulation’ technique was used. The findings from the qualitative study and the results from the quantitative study were found to be equivalent, thus, ensuring a fair assessment of the validity and reliability of the instrument developed to test the causal model. The quantitative measures done only at these six firms are not statistically significant but the samples were used as a part of the triangulation method to collect data from multiple sources, to verify the respondents’ understanding of the scales and as an initial measure to see if my understanding from the qualitative studies were accurately reflected by the instrument. This instrument will be pilot tested first and administered to a large sample of firms. # 2002 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.
Optimal Electric Vehicle Charging Station Placement

Many countries like Singapore are planning to introduce Electric Vehicles (EVs) to replace traditional vehicles to reduce air pollution and improve energy efficiency. The rapid development of EVs calls for efficient deployment of charging stations both for the convenience of EVs and maintaining the efficiency of the road network. Unfortunately, existing work makes unrealistic assumption on EV drivers’ charging behaviors and focus on the limited mobility of EVs. This paper studies the Charging Station PLacement (CSPL) problem, and takes into consideration 1) EV drivers’ strategic behaviors to minimize their charging cost, and 2) the mutual impact of EV drivers’ strategies on the traffic conditions of the road network and service quality of charging stations. We first formulate the CSPL problem as a bilevel optimization problem, which is subsequently converted to a singlelevel optimization problem by exploiting structures of the EV charging game. Properties of CSPL problem are analyzed and an algorithm called OCEAN is proposed to compute the optimal allocation of charging stations. We further propose a heuristic algorithm OCEAN-C to speed up OCEAN. Experimental results show that the proposed algorithms significantly outperform baseline methods.
Evaluative Conditioning and the Development of Attitudes in Early Childhood.

Many attitudes are acquired in early childhood. However, due to a lack of experimental research, little is known about the processes of how they are acquired. Two experiments were therefore conducted with 153 German kindergarten children aged 3-6 years that provide first evidence for childhood attitude formation in terms of evaluative conditioning. Specifically, it was found that children preferred novel stimuli previously paired with liked stimuli over novel stimuli previously paired with disliked stimuli. This effect occurred independently of age, generalized toward similar novel stimuli, and did not depend on children's recollection of how stimuli were paired. The findings are discussed in terms of the processes underlying childhood attitude formation, and implications for related research areas are highlighted.
valuating the Responsiveness of 2 Versions of the Gross otor Function Measure for Children With Cerebral Palsy

Objective: To compare the responsiveness to motor change f the original version of Gross Motor Function Measure GMFM-88) and its second version (GMFM-66) in children ith cerebral palsy (CP). Design: Cross-sectional study. Setting: Seven rehabilitation pediatric clinics. Participants: Sixty-five children with CP (age range, .5 9.4y; mean, 3.7 1.9y) were recruited. Intervention: The children’s motor ability was assessed wice with a mean interval of 3.5 months using all of the MFM-88 items. A 3-category range of therapist judgments on he children’s meaningful motor improvement was used as an xternal standard. Main Outcome Measures: GMFM-88 scores, GMFM-66 cores, and therapists’ judgments. Results: Regarding the association with the therapist judgents, the overall responsiveness of GMFM-66 is superior to hat of GMFM-88. Both measures’ sensitivities of the responiveness are similar, but GMFM-66 has better specificity. Conclusions: To evaluate the motor change in a sample of hildren with CP over a mean interval of 3.5 months by using he 2 versions of GMFM, the GMFM-66 was more responsive han the GMFM-88 with respect to consistency with therapist linically meaningful judgments.
Psychiatric diagnoses among quitters versus continuing smokers 3 years after their quit day.

BACKGROUND
People with psychiatric disorders are more likely to smoke and smoke more heavily than the general population, and they suffer disproportionally from smoking-related illnesses. However, little is known about how quitting versus continuing to smoke affects mental health and the likelihood of developing a psychiatric diagnosis. This study used data from a large prospective clinical trial to examine the relations of smoking cessation success with psychiatric diagnoses 1 and 3 years after the target quit day.


METHODS
This study enrolled 1504 smokers (83.9% white; 58.2% female) in a cessation trial that involved the completion of the Composite International Diagnostic Interview to assess psychiatric diagnoses and biochemical confirmation of point-prevalence abstinence at Baseline and Years 1 and 3.


RESULTS
Regression analyses showed that, after controlling for pre-quit (past-year) diagnoses, participants who were smoking at the Year 3 follow-up were more likely to have developed and maintained a substance use or major depressive disorder by that time than were individuals who were abstinent at Year 3.


CONCLUSIONS
Quitting smoking does not appear to negatively influence mental health in the long-term and may be protective with respect to depression and substance use diagnoses; this should encourage smokers to make quit attempts and encourage clinicians to provide cessation treatment.
Stabilising, diagnosing and preparing critically ill patients for transport

Methods Approximately 22,500 patients hospitalized at Holbaek Emergency Department from January 1. 2010 to June 23. 2011 were searched for patients discharged directly from the Emergency Department to another hospital. Afterward these patients had their medical journals revised for those patients needing acute transport with medical assistance. The 32 cases found were divided into subgroups based on their diagnosis. The time from admittance to discharge was recorded as well as how old the patient was. An analysis of variance was performed to determine possible differences among the groups, both in age and admission time.
Finite Sample Properties of Semiparametric Estimators of Average Treatment Effects ∗

We explore the finite sample properties of several semiparametric estimators of average treatment effects, including propensity score reweighting, matching, double robust, and control function estimators. When there is good overlap in the distribution of propensity scores for treatment and control units, reweighting estimators are preferred on bias grounds and attain the semiparametric efficiency bound even for samples of size 100. Pair matching exhibits similarly good performance in terms of bias, but has notably higher variance. Local linear and ridge matching are competitive with reweighting in terms of bias and variance, but only once n = 500. Nearest-neighbor, kernel, and blocking matching are not competitive. When overlap is close to failing, none of the estimators examined perform well and √ n -asymptotics may be a poor guide to finite sample performance. Trimming rules, commonly used in the face of problems with overlap, are effective only in settings with homogeneous treatment effects. JEL Classification: C14, C21, C52.
Survival Prediction of Clear Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma Based on Gene Expression Similarity to the Proximal Tubule of the Nephron.

UNLABELLED
There is evidence that molecular features support subclassification of tumours, thereby improving prediction of patient outcome. Currently, two gene expression signatures (ccA/ccB and ClearCode34) have been established to classify clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC). Because RCC arises from nephron cell types, we aimed to explore its heterogeneity on a molecular level by comparing gene expression between tumour tissue and nephron regions. Based on genes that differ in expression between nephron regions, expression data of 479 ccRCCs and 212 papillary and 66 chromophobe RCCs from The Cancer Genome Atlas were correlated to those of nephron cell types. Cancer-specific survival (CSS) of ccRCC patients was significantly associated with gene expression similarity to the proximal tubules. Subsequently, a ccRCC risk score (S3-score) was established. Survival analyses indicated that the S3-score was significantly associated with CSS considering all cases of ccRCC, as well as metastatic and nonmetastatic ccRCC. Results could be validated in an independent cohort. The S3-score significantly improved the predictive ability of the ccA/ccB and ClearCode34 signatures, and the clinicopathologic-based stage, size, grade, and necrosis score (p [chi-square] = 1.56E-04). Intratumour heterogeneity of the S3-score was observed in 6 of 10 ccRCCs. In summary, the nephron-based S3-score enables prognostic risk stratification for ccRCC. Further studies are needed to evaluate its clinical utility.


PATIENT SUMMARY
We developed a novel risk score for clear cell renal cell carcinoma to identify patients at risk of worse outcome that may improve patient care in the future.
The validity and reliability of the Malaysian Osteoporosis Knowledge Tool in postmenopausal women.

OBJECTIVES
To design a valid and reliable questionnaire, the Malaysian Osteoporosis Knowledge Tool (MOKT), to assess the knowledge of postmenopausal osteoporotic women in Malaysia, on osteoporosis and its treatment.


METHODS
A 40-item instrument was designed and tested in this study. The scores ranged from 1 to 40, which were then converted into percentage. This was administered to 88 postmenopausal osteoporotic women who were taking alendronate (patient group) and 43 pharmacists (professional group). The MOKT was administered again to the patient group after 1 month.


RESULTS
Flesch reading ease was 57, which is satisfactory, while the mean difficulty factor+/-S.D. was 0.73+/-0.25, indicating that the MOKT is moderately easy. Internal consistency of the instrument was good with Cronbach's alpha=0.82. The test and retest scores showed no significant difference for 38 out of the 40 items, indicating that the questionnaire has achieved a stable reliability. Level of knowledge on osteoporosis and its treatment was good with a mean score+/-S.D. of 69.0+/-13.9 and 81.6+/-9.5 in the patient and professional group, respectively. The difference in knowledge scores between the two groups was statistically significant (p<0.001).


CONCLUSIONS
In conclusion, the 40-item questionnaire (MOKT) is a reliable and valid instrument for measuring knowledge on osteoporosis in the Malaysian setting. Therefore, it can be used to identify individuals in need of educational interventions and to assess the effectiveness of education efforts as part of osteoporosis management.
Is VAT really single linkage in disguise?

This paper addresses the relationship between the Visual Assessment of cluster Tendency (VAT) algorithm and single linkage hierarchical clustering. We present an analytical comparison of the two algorithms in conjunction with numerical examples to show that VAT reordering of dissimilarity data is directly related to the clusters produced by single linkage hierarchical clustering. This analysis is important to understanding the underlying theory of VAT and, more generally, other algorithms that are based on VAT-ordered dissimilarity data.
A randomized controlled non-inferiority study comparing the antiemetic effect between intravenous granisetron and oral azasetron based on estimated 5-HT3 receptor occupancy.

BACKGROUND
The acute antiemetic effect was compared between oral azasetron and intravenous granisetron based on the 5-hydroxytryptamine(3) (5-HT(3)) receptor occupancy theory.


PATIENTS AND METHODS
Receptor occupancy was estimated from reported data on plasma concentrations and affinity constants to 5-HT(3) receptor. A randomized non-inferiority study comparing acute antiemetic effects between oral azasetron and intravenous granisetron was performed in 105 patients receiving the first course of carboplatin-based chemotherapy for lung cancer.


RESULTS
Azasetron exhibited the highest 5-HT(3) receptor occupancy among various first-generation 5-HT(3) antagonists. The complete response to oral azasetron was shown to be non-inferior to that of intravenous granisetron, in which the risk difference was 0.0004 (95% confidence interval: -0.0519-0.0527). The lower limit of the confidence intervals did not exceed the negative non-inferiority margin (-0.1). The complete response during the overall period was not different (68% versus 67%).


CONCLUSION
Oral azasetron was found to be non-inferior to intravenous granisetron in the acute antiemetic effect against moderately emetogenic chemotherapy.
The Phenomenological Mind : An Introduction to Philosophy of Mind and Cognitive Science

One might interpret the locution “the phenomenological mind” as a declaration of a philosophical thesis that the mind is in some sense essentially phenomenological. Authors Gallagher & Zahavi appear to have intended it, however, to refer more to the phenomenological tradition and its methods of analysis. From the subheading of this book, one gains an impression that readers will see how the resources and perspectives from the phenomenological tradition illuminate various issues in philosophy of mind and cognitive science in particular. This impression is reinforced upon finding that many analytic philosophers’ names appear throughout the book. That appearance notwithstanding, as well as the distinctiveness of the book as an introduction, the authors do not sufficiently engage with analytic philosophy.
Incorporating body dynamics into sensor-based motion planning: the maximum turn strategy

The existing approaches to sensor-based motion planning tend to deal solely with kinematic and geometric issues, and ignore the system dynamics. This work attempts to incorporate body dynamics into the paradigm of sensor-based motion planning. We consider the case of a mobile robot operating in a planar environment with unknown arbitrary stationary obstacles. Given the constraints on the robot's dynamics, sensing, and control means, conditions are formulated for generating trajectories which guarantee convergence and the robot's safety at all times. The approach calls for continuous computation and is fast enough for real time implementation. Based on its current velocity and sensing information about the surrounding obstacles, the robot plans its motion so as to nish any maneuver in the shortest possible time, and such that a sudden potential collision can be avoided via a safe emergency stopping path. The resulting motion planning algorithm is shown to be convergent. Simulated examples demonstrate its performance.
Health-related behaviors of women physicians vs other women in the United States.

OBJECTIVE
To examine the health-related behaviors of women physicians compared with those of other women of high and not high socioeconomic status and with national goals.


METHODS
We examined the results of a questionnaire-based survey of a stratified random sample, the Women Physicians' Health Study, and a US telephone survey (Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Ga). We analyzed 3 samples of women aged 30 to 70 years: (1) respondents from the Women Physicians' Health Study (n = 4501); (2) respondents from the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (n = 1316) of the highest socioeconomic status; and (3) all other respondents from the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (n = 35,361).


RESULTS
Women physicians were more likely than other women of high socioeconomic status and even more likely than other women not to smoke. The few physicians (3.7%) who smoked reported consuming fewer cigarettes per day, and physicians who had stopped smoking reported quitting at a younger age than women in the general population. Women physicians were less likely to report abstaining from alcohol, but those who drank reported consuming less alcohol per episode than other women and were less likely to report binging on alcohol than women in the general population. Unlike women in the general population and even other women of high socioeconomic status, women physicians' reported behaviors exceeded national goals for the year 2000 in all examined behaviors and screening habits.


CONCLUSIONS
Women physicians report having generally good health habits even when compared with other socioeconomically advantaged women and report exceeding all examined national goals for personal screening practices and other personal health behaviors. Women physicians' behaviors may provide useful standards for other women in the United States.