LLukas22/scidocs huggingface dataset:
Game Theoretic Modeling of Driver and Vehicle Interactions for Verification and Validation of Autonomous Vehicle Control Systems

Autonomous driving has been the subject of incre- ased interest in recent years both in industry and in academia. Serious efforts are being pursued to address legal, technical, and logistical problems and make autonomous cars a viable option for everyday transportation. One significant challenge is the time and effort required for the verification and validation of the decision and control algorithms employed in these vehicles to ensure a safe and comfortable driving experience. Hundreds of thousands of miles of driving tests are required to achieve a well calibrated control system that is capable of operating an autonomous vehicle in an uncertain traffic environment where interactions among multiple drivers and vehicles occur simultaneously. Traffic simulators where these interactions can be modeled and represented with reasonable fidelity can help to decrease the time and effort necessary for the development of the autonomous driving control algorithms by providing a venue where acceptable initial control calibrations can be achieved quickly and safely before actual road tests. In this paper, we present a game theoretic traffic model that can be used to: 1) test and compare various autonomous vehicle decision and control systems and 2) calibrate the parameters of an existing control system. We demonstrate two example case studies, where, in the first case, we test and quantitatively compare two autonomous vehicle control systems in terms of their safety and performance, and, in the second case, we optimize the parameters of an autonomous vehicle control system, utilizing the proposed traffic model and simulation environment.
1 1 H-NMR-based metabolomic analysis of the effect of moderate wine consumption on subjects with cardiovascular risk factors

Moderate wine consumption is associated with health-promoting activities. An H-NMR-based metabolomic approach was used to identify urinary metabolomic differences of moderate wine intake in the setting of a prospective, randomized, crossover and controlled trial. Sixty-one male volunteers with high cardiovascular risk factors followed three dietary interventions (28 days): dealcoholized red wine (RWD) (272ml/day, polyphenol-control), alcoholized red wine (RWA) (272ml/day) and gin (GIN) (100ml/day, alcohol-control). After each period, 24h-urine samples were collected and analyzed by 1 H-NMR. According to the results of an one-way-ANOVA, significant markers were grouped in four categories: alcohol-related markers (ethanol); gin-related markers; wine-related markers; and gut microbiota markers (hippurate and 4hydroxphenylacetic acid). Wine metabolites were classified into two groups; first, metabolites of food metabolome: tartrate (RWA and RWD), ethanol and mannitol (RWA); and second, biomarkers which relates to endogenous modifications after wine consumption, comprising branched-chain amino acid (BCAA) metabolite (3-methyl-oxovalerate). Additionally, a possible interaction between alcohol and gut-related biomarkers has been identified. To our knowledge, this is the first time that this approach has been applied in a nutritional intervention with red wine. The results show the capacity of this approach to obtain a comprehensive metabolome picture including food metabolome and endogenous biomarkers of moderate wine intake. Abbreviations: BCAA, brached-chain amino acids; BAS, Basal; RWD, dealcoholized red wine; RWA, red wine alcoholized; δ, chemical shift; s, singlet; d,doublet; t, triplet; q, quadruplet; m, multiplet;
Analysis of Switched Reluctance Motor Drives for Reduced Torque Ripple using FPGA based Simulation Technique

This paper presents real-time simulation results of a switched reluctance motor (SRM) drive with a novel Torque Distribution Function (TDF) for high-speed applications, in order to reduce torque ripple. The SRM is fed by a three-phase unidirectional power converter having three legs, each of which consist of two IGBTs and two freewheeling diodes. The SRM model incorporates all nonlinearities between excitation currents, rotor position and flux linkages. For the purpose of control SRM drives, an improvement of the TDF method is proposed for high-speed applications, in order to reduce torque ripple. The real-time simulation of the drive is conducted on the RT-LAB real time simulation platform. Since the converter is current controlled, simulator latency is critical to achieving good accuracy and avoiding current overshoot. The paper demonstrates that this type of drive with simple hysteretic current control can be simulated in real-time at a time-step of 15μs, with good accuracy. The paper also introduces FPGA-based simulation technology required to test advanced algorithms like TDF Index Terms -Switched reluctance motor (SRM), Torque Distribution Function (TDF), real-time simulation.
Innovative public-private partnership to support Smart City : the case of “ Chaire REVES ”

Purpose-French universities can play a key role in generating Smart City approach through an innovative Public-Private Partnership dedicated to urban transformation. Methodology-We led an action-research study for five years with several research and pedagogic projects including users or citizens. Findings-The paper points out main factors of Smart City development. It also presents shared demonstrators’ characteristics including industrial scale, sustainability and citizens’ participation. Practical implications-University of Lorraine diversification strategy through the “Chaire REVES” supported by public and private partners. Social implications-At regional level, industrial-university-territorial partnerships could tackle both societal and economical issues “with”, “for”, and “by” citizens. Originality/value-Based on the Living Lab concept our case study shows a concrete regional university strategy involving: user-centric design, collaborative processes, citizens’ workshops and new financial and organizational answers enabling collaboration between private companies and public institutions. Our paper also argues that innovative public and private partnership involving users are necessary for developing smart cities. KeywordsSmart City, Living Lab, Public-Private Partnership, Collaborative innovation, sustainable urban transformation, shared demonstrator, diversification strategy Paper typeCase study
Characterization of pH-induced transitions of beta-lactoglobulin: ultrasonic, densimetric, and spectroscopic studies.

Depending on solution conditions, beta-lactoglobulin can exist in one of its six pH-dependent structural states. We have characterized the acid and basic-induced conformational transitions between these structural states over the pH range of pH 1 to pH 13. To this end, we have employed high-precision ultrasonic and densimetric measurements coupled with fluorescence and CD spectroscopic data. Our combined spectroscopic and volumetric results have revealed five pH-induced transitions of beta-lactoglobulin between pH 1 and pH 13. The first transition starts at pH 2 and is not completed even at pH 1, our lowest experimental pH. This transition is followed by the dimer-to-monomer transition of beta-lactoglobulin between pH 2.5 and pH 4. The dimer-to-monomer transition is accompanied by decreases in volume, v degrees (-0.008(+/-0.003) cm3 x g(-1)), and adiabatic compressibility, k degrees (S) (-(0.7(+/-0.4))x10(-6) cm3 x g(-1) x bar(-1)). We interpret the observed changes in volume and compressibility associated with the dimer-to-monomer transition of beta-lactoglobulin, in conjunction with X-ray crystallographic data, as suggesting a 7 % increase in protein hydration, with the hydration changes being localized in the area of contact between the two monomeric subunits. The so-called N-to-Q transition of beta-lactoglobulin occurs between pH 4.5 and pH 6 and is accompanied by increases in volume, v degrees (0.004(+/-0.003) cm3 x g(-1)), and compressibility, k degrees (S) ((0.7(+/-0.4))x10(-6) cm3 x g(-1) x bar(-1)). The Tanford transition of beta-lactoglobulin is centered at pH 7.5 and is accompanied by a decrease in volume, v degrees (-0.006(+/-0.003) cm3 x g(-1)), and an increase in compressibility, k degrees (S) ((1.5(+/-0.5))x10(-6) cm3 x g(-1) x bar(-1)). Based on these volumetric results, we propose that the Tanford transition is accompanied by a 5 to 10 % increase in the protein hydration and a loosening of the interior packing of beta-lactoglobulin as reflected in a 12 % increase in its intrinsic compressibility. Finally, above pH 9, the protein undergoes irreversible base-induced unfolding which is accompanied by decreases in v degrees (-0.014(+/-0.003) cm3 x g(-1)) and k degrees (S) (-(7.0(+/-0.5))x10(-6) cm3 x g(-1) x bar(-1)). Combining these results with our CD spectroscopic data, we propose that, in the base-induced unfolded state of beta-lactoglobulin, only 80 % of the surface area of the fully unfolded conformation is exposed to the solvent. Thus, in so far as solvent exposure is concerned, the base-induced unfolded states of beta-lactoglobulin retains some order, with 20 % of its amino acid residues remaining solvent inaccessible.
Assessment of the pharmacokinetics, safety and tolerability of maraviroc, a novel CCR5 antagonist, in healthy volunteers.

AIMS
To evaluate the pharmacokinetics, safety and tolerability of single and multiple oral doses of maraviroc in healthy volunteers.


METHODS
Three double-blind, placebo-controlled, dose-escalation studies with either single or multiple doses of maraviroc were conducted in healthy volunteers. Plasma and urine samples were collected to investigate the pharmacokinetics of maraviroc and evaluate any changes with respect to dose and duration/frequency of dosing. Safety and toleration of maraviroc were also assessed.


RESULTS
Maraviroc is rapidly absorbed following oral administration, and plasma T(max) is achieved within 0.5-4.0 h postdose. Steady-state plasma concentrations are achieved after 7 consecutive days of dosing. Although the pharmacokinetics of maraviroc is nonproportional over the dose range studied (3-1200 mg), the degree of nonproportionality is small at clinically relevant doses. Renal clearance is approximately 10-12 l h(-1) and appears unaffected by increasing maraviroc doses. Maraviroc does not significantly modulate the activity of CYP2D6 or CYP3A4 at clinically relevant doses. There were no serious adverse events in any of these studies, and doses up to 900 mg were generally well tolerated, with postural hypotension being the dose-limiting event. There was no pattern or dose relationship observed with maraviroc with regard to laboratory abnormalities, including hepatic transaminases. No clinically significant increases in QTc were noted at clinically relevant doses.


CONCLUSIONS
Maraviroc is absorbed into the systemic circulation and reaches steady state by day 7 of multiple dosing. It does not significantly influence the activity of major drug-metabolizing enzymes and is well tolerated at clinically relevant doses, with most adverse events being mild or moderate.
Growth and morphological development of larval and juvenileepinephelus bruneus (perciformes: Serranidae)

The growth and morphological development of larval and juvenileEpinephelus bruneus were examined in a hatchery-reared series. Average body length (BL) of newly-hatched larvae was 1.99 mm, the larvae growing to an average of 3.96 mm by day 10, 6.97 mm by day 20, 12.8 mm by day 30, 22.1 mm by day 40 and 24.7 mm by day 45 after hatching. Newly-hatched larvae had many mucous cells in the entire body epidermis. By about 4 mm BL, the larvae had developed pigment patterns peculiar to epinepheline fishes, including melanophores on the dorsal part of the gut, on the tips of the second dorsal and pelvic fin spines, and in a cluster on the ventral surface of the tail. Spinelets on the second dorsal and pelvic fin spines, the preopercular angle spine and the supraocular spine, had started to develop by about 6 mm BL. The notochord tip was in the process of flexion in larvae of 6–8 mm BL, by which time major spines, pigments and jaw teeth had started to appear. Fin ray counts had attained the adult complement at 10 mm BL. After larvae reached 17 mm BL, elements of juvenile coloration in the form of more or less densely-pigmented patches started to appear on the body. Squamation started at 20 mm BL. Major head spines had disappeared or became relatively smaller and lost their serrations by 20–25 mm BL.
BOOK REVIEW: The New Economy and Transforming Employment Relations: A Review Essay

Framed! Labor and the Corporate Media. Christopher R. Martin. Ithaca, NY: ILR and Cornell University Press, 2004.
$\tau$-function within group theory approach and its quantization

This is a review of the results related to generalizations of the notion of $\tau$-function and integrable hierarchies and to their interpretation within the group theory framework that admits an immediate quantization procedure. Different group theory structures underlying integrable system are discussed in detail as well as their quantum deformations.
Understanding Social Engineering Based Scams

This short chapter focuses on targeting. Targeting increases the yield of attacks, i.e., the response rate. Targeting also reduces the efficacy of spam filters and related technologies, and as such, vastly improves the profits scammers reap. We overview how to estimate the yield of attacks, and how to identify scams that are likely to become more common. 1.1 Yields and Targeting Targeting a scam is known to dramatically increase the yield of the attack. Industry estimates of the yield of non-targeted phishing attacks fall in the range of a few percentage points, whereas targeted phishing attacks are believed to be an order of magnitude more effective. For example, in a 2011 report [1], Cisco details the economics of mass phishing attacks and targeted phishing attacks, as shown in Table 1.1. The table demonstrates how scammers benefit from targeting their victims. Here, the block rate is the likelihood with which the message gets blocked, e.g., by spam filters. The open rate is the probability that a recipient reads a delivered message. The click-through rate measures the probability that a user who reads the message clicks on a hyperlink in the message, and the conversion rate measures the likelihood that a recipient who clicks through falls for the attack by providing the information the attacker wants. As shown in Table 1.1, the probability that the recipient actually reads the message (“Open rate”) is more than twenty times greater with targeted attacks. Even more importantly, the fraction of users who both read the message and click a hyperlink within it (“Click-through rate”) is ten times higher with targeted attacks. The table suggests a tenfold increase in the profit of a campaign as a result of targeting, explaining why we see an increasing number of targeted attacks today. However, the block rates suggested in the table are probably inaccurate. The difference between non-targeted and targeted attack block rates is likely to be much greater because the estimates in the table do not take into consideration the benefits that targeting scammers reap from circumventing spam filters. Remember that the © Springer Science+Business Media New York 2016 M. Jakobsson (ed.), Understanding Social Engineering Based Scams, DOI 10.1007/978-1-4939-6457-4_1 1 2 1 Scams and Targeting Table 1.1 The economics of mass phishing vs. targeted phishing attacks Campaign type: Mass phishing attack Targeted phishing attack Messages in campaign 1,000,000 1,000 Block rate 99 % 99 %
The Usage of Tree Analysis in the Context of a Strategic Approach Concerning Incidents of Oil Marine Pollution: Introduction of the Event-Decision Network

In this paper, we present the development of a tree analysis approach for the strategic level of handling and confronting oil pollution incidents-matters. We describe its basic structure (levels of factors) and the way it can formulate the local oil pollution. The paper is concluded with the presentation of an indicative example.
The Whale Optimization Algorithm and Its Implementation in MATLAB

Optimization is an important tool in making decisions and in analysing physical systems. In mathematical terms, an optimization problem is the problem of finding the best solution from among the set of all feasible solutions. The paper discusses the Whale Optimization Algorithm (WOA), and its applications in different fields. The algorithm is tested using MATLAB because of its unique and powerful features. The benchmark functions used in WOA algorithm are grouped as: unimodal (F1-F7), multimodal (F8-F13), and fixed-dimension multimodal (F14-F23). Out of these benchmark functions, we show the experimental results for F7, F11, and F19 for different number of iterations. The search space and objective space for the selected function are drawn, and finally, the best solution as well as the best optimal value of the objective function found by WOA is presented. The algorithmic results demonstrate that the WOA performs better than the state-of-the-art meta-heuristic and conventional algorithms. Keywords—Optimization, optimal value, objective function, optimization problems, meta-heuristic optimization algorithms, Whale Optimization Algorithm, Implementation, MATLAB.
Surface Properties Measurement

In the past few decades, significant efforts were directed toward development of surface engineering approaches for the economical processing of materials with enhanced appearance, improved performance/extended life in aggressive environment, and wider range of applicability. As a result, the number of surface engineered materials being used for varied applications has increased rapidly emphasizing the need for better means for the characterization of the surface properties of such materials. With the recent progress in surface characterization techniques, it is now possible to measure a range of surface properties (topography, microstructure, mechanical properties, and electrochemical behavior) at various length scales. In this chapter, surface properties of materials, their measurements methods, and various available standards for a broad range of materials are summarized. The topics presented in this chapter will be useful to materials engineers, quality engineers, and scientists working on characterization/measurement of surface properties. 
 
 
Keywords: 
 
composition; 
corrosion; 
friction; 
hardness; 
microstructure; 
phase; 
surface; 
texture; 
toughness; 
wear
Home healthcare settop-box for Senior Chronic Care using ISO/IEEE 11073 PHD standard

As the number of seniors with chronic disease increases, the need of home healthcare settop-box is increased to manage their chronic disease in their home environment. Using the home healthcare settop-box, the patients can regularly check their health data, and finally, it can lead the decrease of medical expenses. For the home healthcare settop-box, the most important factor is the standard compatibility, which can interoperate with standard devices of any other companies. In this paper, we propose a home healthcare settop-box using ISO/IEEE 11073 PHD standard. It collects health data according to the PHD standard, and provides a chronic-care service based on the collected data. The proposed settop-box is connected with 3 devices of weigh scale, blood pressure monitor, and glucose meter, and tested at 10 homes for a month. Lastly, the proposed settop-box can be used for various healthcare services such as Google Health and Telemedicine Services using a healthcare platform server.
PERFORMANCE AND EMISSION CHARACTERISTICS OF A CI ENGINE OPERATED ON VEGETABLE OILS AS ALTERNATIVE FUELS

An experimental analysis was done using a four-stroke, single cylinder, constant speed, water-cooled diesel engine, which was interfaced with Engine software. Performance and emission characteristics were evaluated for three non-edible vegetable oils, i.e. thumba, jojoba, neem oil, as well as jojoba methyl ester, to study the effect of injection pressure at 205, 220, 240 and 260 bar with a variation in injection timing at 23°bTDC and 28°bTDC. The performance of jojoba methyl ester improved with an increase in injection pressure. A maximum brake thermal efficiency of 29.72% was obtained with lower emissions compared to the other vegetable oils; this might be explained by low viscosity and better combustion. Further investigations were carried out with a new lubricant, SAE 5W-30, which improved the performance of the CI engine by 1.59%. All of the abovementioned investigations were fruitful and these results are expected to lead to substantial contributions in the development of a viable vegetable oil engine.
Perceived 'usefulness' of online consumer reviews: An exploratory investigation across three services categories

Online reviews, a form of online word-of-mouth (eWOM), have recently become one of the most important sources of information for modern consumers. Recent scholarship involving eWOM often focuses on the transmission and impact of online reviews but sheds less light on the underlying processes that drive consumers’ receptions of them. Similarly, few studies have explored the recipients’ perspectives in the context of various services. This study addresses the aforementioned gaps in extant literature. The research model in this study is built upon the rich stream of literature related to how people are influenced by information and is tested on reviews collected from Yelp.com, a popular online advisory website dedicated to services businesses throughout the United States. The results of the study show that a combination of both reviewer and review characteristics are significantly correlated with the perceived usefulness of reviews. The study also finds several results that are anomalous to established knowledge related to consumers’ information consumption, both offline and online. The authors present the results of the study and discuss their significance for research and practice. 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
Baseline Needs More Love: On Simple Word-Embedding-Based Models and Associated Pooling Mechanisms

Table : Comparisons of CNN, LSTM and SWEM architectures. Columns correspond to the number of compositional parameters, computational complexity and sequential operations, respectively. v Consider a text sequence represented as X, composed of a sequence of words. Let {v#, v$, ...., v%} denote the respective word embeddings for each token, where L is the sentence/document length; v The compositional function, X → z, aims to combine word embeddings into a fixed-length sentence/document representation z. Typically, LSTM or CNN are employed for this purpose;