[DOC] [TLE] Venera - Wikipedia [PAR] The Venera series space probes were developed by the Soviet Union between 
1961 and 1984 to gather data from Venus, Venera being the Russian name ... 
The later probes in the Venera series successfully carried out their mission, 
providing ... surface, the Soviets launched Venera 5 and Venera 6 as 
atmospheric probes. [DOC] [TLE] Observations and explorations of Venus - Wikipedia [PAR] Observations of the planet Venus include those in antiquity, telescopic 
observations, and from visiting spacecraft. Spacecraft have performed various 
flybys, orbits, and landings on Venus, including balloon probes that floated in the 
atmosphere of Venus. Study of the planet is aided by its relatively close proximity 
to the Earth, .... Because its orbit takes it between the Earth and the Sun, Venus 
as seen from... [DOC] [TLE] Missions to Venus and Mercury | The Planetary Society [PAR] As one of the first planets to be visited by spacecraft, Venus witnessed many ... at 
Venus in April 2006 and continued to send scientific data back from its polar ... 
Successful Venus probe and Comet Halley flyby (USSR) ... Launch: June 7, 1983 
... Venera 12 was designed to study the atmospheric composition and clouds of... [DOC] [TLE] Historic Spacecraft - Venus Probes [PAR] Other Nations Rockets ... America sent two spacecraft to the planet in 1978. ... 
The Mariner program consisted of ten exploration probes launched between 
1962 and ... Venera was a series of Venus probes launched by the Soviet Union 
between 1961 and 1983. Many of the earlier missions failed to achieve their 
objectives. [DOC] [TLE] Venus-Earth-Mars: Comparative Climatology and the Search for Life ... [PAR] Sep 19, 2012 ... He argued concerning Venus, a twin of Earth, in the 1920s that its high .... After 
carrying out ground-based efforts in 1961 to view the planet using radar, ... In 
1967 the Soviets sent Venera 4, which successfully deployed a probe into the .... 
Mars in August 1969, studying its atmosphere and surface to lay the... [DOC] [TLE] Venus Missions - Planetary and Space Science Centre [PAR] to study the atmosphere and plasma environment of Venus. Yes ... -atmospheric 
and surface composition spectrometer (MASCS) ... to flyby Venus on its way to 
Halley's Comet. As the ... 06/1983. Venera16. Success. Orbiter. -Venera 16 
synthetic aperture radar (SAR) ... -light scattering between 18 and 63 km altitude. [DOC] [TLE] Chronology of Satellites and Robotic Space Missions - Windows to ... [PAR] probe, Failed to reach Earth orbit. Venera 1 (USSR), Feb. 12, 1961, Venus flyby, 
Now in a ... orbiter, Studied Moon's gravity and chemical composition. Now in a... [DOC] [TLE] CHRONOLOGY OF DEFINING EVENTS IN NASA HISTORY [PAR] 1 Oct. 1958 On this date the National Aeronautics and Space Administration ... its 
199th and final flight on 24 October 1968 in what many consider to have ... 1961 
NASA launched Mercury 2, a test mission of the Mercury-Redstone ..... On 9 May 
1979 Pioneer Venus 2 sent five separate parts into the atmosphere of Venus at... [DOC] [TLE] Venus Exploration Themes - Lunar and Planetary Institute - USRA [PAR] NASA's Solar System Exploration Division and reports its findings to NASA. ... to 
a certain extent, surface properties and geology through remote sensing, ... 1965 
Probe and main bus; entered the atmosphere of Venus; designed for 80C / 5 bar 
..... Venera-D (-) mission is underway with a Phase-A study for a Venus
... [DOC] [TLE] Info about Venera+16 | Entities Finder [PAR] Desc: Venera 16 was a spacecraft sent to Venus by the Soviet Union. ... Desc: 
The Venera series space probes were developed by the Soviet Union between 
1961 and 1984 to gather data from Venus, Venera being the Russian name .... 
DAVINCI would study the chemical composition of Venus' atmosphere during 
descent. [DOC] [TLE] ``Venus''. In: Van Nostrand's Scientific Encyclopedia, 9th Edition [PAR] Venus lies between the Earth and the sun, it is about 40 million kilometers (25 
million ... on Earth created the moon and removed much of its atmosphere

Question: Between 1961 & 1983, this nation sent numerous Venera probes to Venus to study its atmosphere & chemical makeup
Answer: the Soviet Union