[DOC] [TLE] U.S. Civil Service Reform - Wikipedia [PAR] Civil Service Reform in the U.S. was a major issue in the late 19th century at the 
national level, ... Andrew Jackson in 1829 began the systematic rotation of office 
holders after ... The first code of civil service reforms, were designed to replace 
patronage ... Political affiliation continued to be the basis for appointment to many
... [DOC] [TLE] Merit system - Wikipedia [PAR] The merit system is the process of promoting and hiring government employees 
based on their ability to perform a job, rather than on ... Rank was determined by 
merit, through the civil service examinations, and education ... The United States 
civil service began to run on the spoils system in 1829 when Andrew Jackson... [DOC] [TLE] The Spoils System versus the Merit System - United States History [PAR] The role of The Spoils System versus the Merit System in the history of the ... 
States came into general use first during Andrew Jackson's presidency. It has an 
older history. President Thomas Jefferson, a Democratic-Republican, favored a 
policy of ... to public service and appoint the oversight Civil Service Commission. [DOC] [TLE] Replacing Political Patronage with Merit - National Bureau of ... [PAR] Volume Title: The Federal Civil Service System and The Problem of Bureaucracy. 
Volume ... gradually to merit-based employment. By 1904, only ... ers of the spoils 
system and to replace them with members sympathetic to reform. .... President 
Andrew Johnson used patronage in an unsuccessful attempt to pro- mote his... [DOC] [TLE] spoils system | politics | Britannica.com [PAR] In defending one of President Andrew Jackson's appointments, Marcy said, To ... 
the spoils system too often resulted in appointments that were based strictly on ... 
The Pendleton Federal Civil Service Act of 1883 provided the initial basis for ... 
20th century merit systems had almost completely replaced the spoils system at... [DOC] [TLE] The Development of the Bureaucracy [ushistory.org] [PAR] Andrew Jackson cemented the spoils system (also called rotation-in-office) ... 
passed the Pendleton Act, which created a merit-based federal civil service. It 
was meant to replace patronage with the principle of federal employment on the 
basis... [DOC] [TLE] Bureaucracy and the Civil Service in the United States | Mises Institute [PAR] Jun 9, 2006 ... Murray Rothbard writes in defense of the spoils system. It's the one protection we 
have against bureaucratic dictatorship. [DOC] [TLE] Federal Appointments Then and Now | Frank T Manheim ... [PAR] An in-progress review of federal appointment systems from the founding of the ... 
far better success and public approval than those that favored the patronage 
system. ... The spoils (patronage) system introduced by Andrew Jackson (1829-
1877). ... A merit-based, bipartisan-led civil service system based on the survey 
was... [DOC] [TLE] Politics in the Gilded Age: 1865-1900 - Sage American History [PAR] At the outset of the Civil War the federal government had been stretched far 
beyond ..... The Pendleton Act called for a merit system for promotions within the 
service and ... still had to devote considerable time to political appointments 
during his term, and .... President Andrew Jackson had argued that the spoils 
systemthe... [DOC] [TLE] Government Legitimacy and the Role of the Civil Service [PAR] The Future of Merit: Twenty Years after the Civil Service Reform Act ... From the 
presidency of Andrew Jackson until the Pendleton Act of 1883 the staffing ... 
Initially, the intent of the merit system was that recruitment and promotion would 
be based on .... The further implication was that government employment could 
be much... [DOC] [TLE] The History of Money in Federal Politics - Wolf PAC [PAR] Feb 26, 2013 ... After the 1828 election, President Andrew Jackson engaged in a massive 
overhaul of the federal payroll, and replaced almost 10 percent of federal service 
posts with his ... A political patronage system is relevant to campaign finance .... 
promoted merit rather than political appointments for civil servants. [DOC] [TLE] The Gilded Age (18701900) - Dictionary definition of The Gilded ... [PAR] It was intended to replace the spoils systema practice of rewarding political ... 
had grown consistently since the administration of

Question: Based on merit, the Civil Service replaced this "system" of job appointment that Andrew Jackson favored
Answer: the spoils system