[DOC] [TLE] Mariner 4 - nssdc - NASA [PAR] These represented the first images of another planet ever returned from deep 
space. ... ray telescope, trapped radiation detector, solar plasma probe, and 
ionization ... on 5 December 1964, the spacecraft flew by Mars on July 14 and 15, 
1965. ... not typical for Mars, but only for the more ancient region imaged by 
Mariner 4). [DOC] [TLE] Mariner 4 - 21 Photos, and a Big First | NASA [PAR] Decades before Spirit and Opportunity were launched, a probe named Mariner 4 
lifted off from Cape Canaveral, Fla. On July 14, 1965, it reached the planet Mars 
and took the first photos ... But later missions, such as Mariner 9, would 
photograph volcanoes, canyons ... After the Mars flyby, Mariner 4 coasted into 
solar orbit. [DOC] [TLE] Mariner 4 - Wikipedia [PAR] Mariner 4 was the fourth in a series of spacecraft intended for planetary 
exploration in a flyby mode. It was designed to conduct closeup scientific 
observations of Mars and to transmit these observations to Earth. Launched on 
November 28, 1964, Mariner 4 performed the first successful flyby of the planet 
Mars, returning the ... Mariner 4 was the first space probe that needed a star for a 
navigational... [DOC] [TLE] Exploration of Mars - Wikipedia [PAR] The exploration of Mars is the study of Mars by spacecraft. Probes sent from Earth
, beginning in .... India became the first country to successfully get a spacecraft 
into Mars orbit on its ... The spacecraft reached an altitude of 120 km before 
reentry. ... the Mars 3 lander became the first spacecraft to achieve a soft landing, 
but its... [DOC] [TLE] Exploration of the Moon - Wikipedia [PAR] The physical exploration of the Moon began when Luna 2, a space probe 
launched by the ... Hevelius's nomenclature, although used in Protestant 
countries until the eighteenth ... The first robot lunar rover to land on the Moon 
was the Soviet vessel ... The spacecraft released the Hagoromo probe into lunar 
orbit, but the... [DOC] [TLE] Missions to Mars | The Planetary Society [PAR] The missions, both successful and failed, that have flown by, orbited, ... Some of 
these failures occurred because Mars was the first planet Earth ... Curiosity is the 
next generation of rover, building on the successes of Spirit ... The mission was 
originally planned to launch in March 2016, but problems ..... Become a Member
... [DOC] [TLE] The Planet Mars: A History of Observation and Discovery. Chapter ... [PAR] The first successful probes to the Moon were launched in 1959, followed by ... of 
the arc becomes more and more gentle, until there comes a certain point---at a ... 
its orbit around the Sun, it follows that in order for the spacecraft to reach Mars, 
the ... surface of Mars (9,850 km), Mariner 4 passed behind the planet, at a point 
on... [DOC] [TLE] How were the Planets of our Solar System Discovered? [PAR] In ancient times, astronomers were able to distinguish between those stars ... We 
know them today as Mercury, Mars, Venus, Jupiter, and Saturn, while our solar ... 
its phases realized that it orbited the Sun like the Earth, although the planet's 
thick ... On December 15, 1970, the Soviet Union's Venera 7 probe became the 
first... [DOC] [TLE] Space Today Online - Exploring the Red Planet - Past Mars Probes [PAR] On December 2, 1971, the Soviet Union's Mars 3 was the first spacecraft to make 
a ... first successful probe to reach Mars, sending back 22 photos as it flew by in 
July 1965. ... of the far side of the Moon as it flew away into an orbit around the 
Sun. ... But then the first man-made satellite to orbit a planet other than Earth was
... [DOC] [TLE] Spaceflight :Exploration of the Inner Planets [PAR] The Soviet Union first launched two Mars probes in 1960, both of which failed 
due ... of the surface of Mars, showing the planet to be an ancient moon-like body 
with an ... 9 became the first

Question: The first successful Mars probe; it passed the planet in 1965 but orbited the sun until it became "ancient"
Answer: Mariner