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Read_ComprehensionQA

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As a reading comprehension expert, you will receive context and question. Please understand the given Context first and then output the answer of the question based on the Context

{'context': {"[DOC] [TLE] Garonne River | river, Europe | Britannica.comGaronne River | river, Europe | Britannica.com [PAR] Garonne River [PAR] Agen [PAR] Garonne River, Spanish Río Garona, most important river of southwestern France , rising in the Spanish central Pyrenees and flowing into the Atlantic by way of the estuary called the Gironde . It is 357 miles (575 km) long, excluding the Gironde Estuary (45 miles in length). Formed by two headstreams in the Maladeta Massif (mountainous mass) in the Aragon region of northeast Spain , which flow from glaciers situated at elevations of more than 10,000 feet (3,000 m), the Garonne flows north for 30 miles (48 km) through Spanish territory, traversing the high mountain Val d’Aran through a gorge before crossing the frontier through the narrow defile of Pont-du-Roi at an elevation of 1,902 feet (580 m). Flowing east around Saint-Gaudens, the river veers northeast across one of the largest alluvial plains of France, receiving a tributary, the Ariège, from the southeast before passing Toulouse and then winding northwestward to Bordeaux . The Garonne receives the Tarn west of Moissac and is then joined by the Lot River below Aiguillon, southeast of Marmande. About 34 miles above Bordeaux it passes through Castets—its highest tidal point. At Bordeaux the river is 1,800 feet broad. Flowing between the wine-growing Entre-deux-Mers peninsula to the east and the Médoc coastal strip to the west, it unites with the Dordogne 16 miles north of Bordeaux to form the vast Gironde Estuary. [PAR] The Garonne River near Bourret, France. [PAR] Szeder László [PAR] The Garonne, which is regulated by 50 locks, is subject to sudden floods. The seasonal flow of the river is irregular, with high springtime levels at its source in the snows of the mountains, and its lowest levels in August and September. The Garonne is not navigable; it is accompanied by an old and little used lateral canal from Toulouse to Castets. The Canal du Midi , equally old, connecting the Garonne with the Mediterranean, starts at Toulouse. The river’s basin is some 21,600 square miles (56,000 square km) in area. [PAR] Learn More in these related articles:[DOC] [TLE] Garonne River - Academic Dictionaries and EncyclopediasGaronne River [PAR] Garonne River [PAR] ancient Garumna [PAR] River, southwestern France. [PAR] The most important river of southwestern France, it is 357 mi (575 km) long. Formed by two glacial headstreams in the central Spanish Pyrenees , it flows north through mountain passes and descends to flow east across France. It continues to Toulouse and then to Bordeaux , where it is 1,800 ft (550 m) across. Flowing by the wine-growing Entre-deux-Mers peninsula, it unites with the Dordogne River 16 mi (26 km) north of Bordeaux to form the vast Gironde estuary . [PAR] * * * [PAR] Spanish \xa0Río Garona, \xa0 [PAR] \xa0\xa0\xa0\xa0\xa0\xa0most important river of southwestern France, rising in the Spanish central Pyrenees and flowing into the Atlantic by way of the estuary called the Gironde. It is 357 miles (575 km) long, excluding the Gironde Estuary (45 miles in length). Formed by two headstreams in the Maladeta Massif (mountainous mass) in the Aragon region of northeast Spain, which flow from glaciers situated at elevations of more than 10,000 feet (3,000 m), the Garonne flows north for 30 miles (48 km) through Spanish territory, traversing the high mountain Val d'Aran through a gorge before crossing the frontier through the narrow defile of Pont-du-Roi at an elevation of 1,902 feet (580 m). Flowing east around Saint-Gaudens, the river veers northeast across one of the largest alluvial plains of France, receiving a tributary, the Ariège, from the southeast before passing Toulouse and then winding northwestward to Bordeaux. The Garonne receives the Tarn west of Moissac and is then joined by the Lot River below Aiguillon, southeast of Marmande. About 34 miles above Bordeaux it passes through Castets—its highest tidal point. At Bordeaux the river is 1,800 feet broad. Flowing between the wine-growing Entre-deux-Mers peninsula to the east and the Médoc coastal strip to the west,"}, 'question': {'The Garonne river passes through Toulouse and Bordeaux after rising where?'}}

['pyrenees']

As a reading comprehension expert, you will receive context and question. Please understand the given Context first and then output the answer of the question based on the Context

{'context': {'[DOC] [TLE] Prayers, Glittering Parties, and the Sudden Taste of FreedomPrayers, Glittering Parties, and the Sudden Taste of Freedom [PAR] Getty Images [PAR] The Emancipation Proclamation inspired New Year’s celebrations that endure to this day [PAR] For young Ed McCree, enslaved on a thousand-acre Georgia cotton plantation, Christmas and New Year’s Day 150 years ago were like no other he had ever known. This child and the other men and women in bondage had always cherished Christmas. There was a week off from the unrelenting and ruthless work in the fields and barnyards; young pigs and cattle were slaughtered; and peaches and melons, still sweet from the summer, were pulled from the wheat straw and cottonseed that kept them fresh. New Year’s Day typically brought back the drudgery of daily life on a large plantation and Ed McCree, a child around 10, would be again forced to carry buckets of water to the men and women working in the fields. [PAR] The difference that December 1864? William Tecumseh Sherman’s Union Army had just marched across Georgia through the rice plantations of the low-country and reached the seaport of Savannah, offering it to President Abraham Lincoln as a Christmas present. [PAR] New Year’s Day 1865—and those in the two years previous—were among the most poignant and pregnant with new beginnings in American history. Ever since Lincoln had signaled his intent in September 1862 to declare slaves in rebel states emancipated as of New Year’s 1863, the possibility of freedom for African-Americans in the South had been hanging in the air, depending on the war’s progression. [PAR] I’ve long been fascinated by this transitory period of anticipation, in part because some of my ancestors were living under slavery and grappled with what it meant to be emancipated either by their own actions, or by decree. It’s also always struck me as tone deaf to argue that the Emancipation Proclamation or the Army’s earlier “contraband” policy that freed the slaves it came into contact with were merely symbolic or cynical acts. (Lincoln didn’t seek to free slaves in border states that stayed in the Union, critics are quick to point out.) As Frederick Douglass and other abolitionists contended in a rebuttal to those who posited the perfect as the enemy of the good (and a rebuttal worth repeating in the context of gradual progress on a host of landmark issues ranging from segregated schools to wartime human rights abuses): It matters where the nation officially comes down on moral issues, even if it is not ready or able to completely live up to its professed ideals. [PAR] African-American communities already held traditional church services on New Year’s Eves, but they took on a special meaning as the country welcomed in the watershed year of 1863, becoming the predecessors of today’s Watch Night services. In Baltimore, Washington, D.C., and the many free black communities in other cities and towns, African-Americans gathered to anticipate the moment the United States finally would declare itself at war with slavery and not simply disunion. Overton Bernard, a white, pro-slavery minister, described with dismay the Watch Night he witnessed in Union-held Portsmouth, Virginia, in response to what he described as Lincoln’s “unwise and unconstitutional” proclamation: Black families packed the A.M.E. church until well past midnight to pray, to sing, and to hope. In his diary, Bernard hoped that somehow emancipation would be averted as even the promise of freedom had caused the town’s blacks to become “idle and impudent” and ready to challenge their place in society. [PAR] The next day some 5,000 men, women, and children marched and rode horses, hoisting banners and flags in celebration of freedom. They celebrated despite the fact that troops from New York jeered them and disrupted their march at rifle and bayonet point and also despite the fact that Portsmouth was not covered by the proclamation, given that it was under Union control before Lincoln made his announcement. The condition of the enslaved in Union-held areas would be “left precisely as if this proclamation were not issued” because Lincoln wanted to make it clear that his emancipation order was meant to injure secessionists more than the institution of slavery.'}, 'question': {"Who signed and issued the Emancipation Proclamation on New Year's day 1863?"}}

['lincoln' 'president abraham' 'abraham lincoln' 'president abraham lincoln']

As a reading comprehension expert, you will receive context and question. Please understand the given Context first and then output the answer of the question based on the Context

{'context': {"[DOC] [TLE] Great Lakes maps - Free World MapsGreat Lakes maps [PAR] Great Lakes maps [PAR] Great Lakes of North America [PAR] Click on above map to view higher resolution image [PAR] The Great Lakes is the name usually referring to the group of five lakes located near the Canada-United States border. These five lakes belong to the largest lakes of the world. [PAR] Going from west towards the east, Lake Superior is the biggest and deepest of the five. It is also has the second largest are in the world amongst all lakes, and the largest of the world's freshwater lakes. [PAR] Lake Michigan is the second in the row, can be found entirely within the United States. It is the fifth largest lake on the Earth's surface. [PAR] Lake Huron, located in the central part of the Great Lakes region is the second largest of the five, and the third largest freshwater lake amongst all of the world's lakes. [PAR] Though Lake Erie is the smallest of the five in terms of volume, it is still the tenth largest lake in the world. [PAR] The easternmost lake is Lake Ontario, nested between the US state of New York, and Canadian province of Ontario. It is connected to Lake Erie by the Niagara River, and has the smallest area of the five great lakes, but is the 14th largest in the world. It is drained by the Saint Lawrence River.[DOC] [TLE] Canadian Lakes - Lakes in CanadaCanadian Lakes - Lakes in Canada [PAR] Canadian Lakes [PAR] Vancouver Aquarium [PAR] Share [PAR] Canadian lakes are part of the abundance of natural resources that make Canada a true outdoor wonderland. In between the Atlantic and the Pacific ocean, the Hudson Bay and the U.S. border, nearly 9 percent of the country’s landmass is made up of freshwater lakes, a rather significant number when you consider that Canada is the second largest country on earth. Canada is home to four of the five Great Lakes along with one of tourism’s true treasures, Lake Louise in the Rockies. [PAR] Many cities are nestled along the shores of lakes in Canada, including Thunder Bay ( Lake Superior ), Yellowknife (Great Slave Lake), and Toronto ( Lake Ontario ). Each province and territory boasts lakes where people come to have fun and admire the scenery. No matter where you choose to roam, chances are good you’ll be near one of Canada’s lakes. [PAR] Lake Louise [PAR] Lake Louise [PAR] It’s a scene that’s appeared on countless screen savers and desktops—a lake as blue as the sky with mountains in the distance. This scene does exist in real life and is one of the favorite places to visit in the Canadian Rockies . Lake Louise, formed when a glacier slid through thousands of years ago, is nestled in Banff National Park , in the Alberta town also called Lake Louise. The town was named for a daughter of Queen Victoria , the lake is the starting point for many adventures. A deep network of hiking trails takes you to Mount Niblock. Mirror Lake, and some other scenic places. In the summertime, visitors enjoy kayaking and canoe rides, along with boat rentals. One of the most elegant hotels in western Canada is located along the shores of the lake: the Fairmont Chateau Lake Louise. In the early 20th\xa0century, the Canadian Pacific Railway built luxury hotels along the Canadian lakes and other scenic places. They remain at the top of the list for discerning travelers and continue to offer welcoming service. [PAR] Great Lakes – Huron, Erie, Superior, Ontario [PAR] Great Lakes – Huron, Erie, Superior, Ontario [PAR] The chain of Great Lakes, shared between the U.S. and Canada, hold more than 20 percent of the world’s freshwater, and they are extremely important to trade, transportation, and tourism. Four of the five inland lakes are found within Canada—only Lake Michigan is solely within the United States. From Lake Superior in the west to Lake Ontario in the east, these Canada lakes offer a world of possibilities for vacations in any season. During the summer, the list of opportunities is as long as your imagination— cruises , swimming,\xa0 fishing , \xa0chilling out at the cabin, or whatever you"}, 'question': {"Which of North America's Great Lakes has the same name as a province of Canada?"}}

['ontario']

As a reading comprehension expert, you will receive context and question. Please understand the given Context first and then output the answer of the question based on the Context

{'context': {"[DOC] [TLE] The Tombs · George Washington's Mount VernonThe Tombs\xa0·\xa0George Washington's Mount Vernon [PAR] The Mansion Gardens & Landscapes Pioneer Farm Distillery & Gristmill Historic Trades Museum Virtual Tour [PAR] Come visit the final resting place of George and Martha Washington. Both the Old and New Tombs can be seen during your visit to Mount Vernon. [PAR] George Washington died in his bedchamber at Mount Vernon on December 14, 1799. His last will outlined his desire to be buried at home at Mount Vernon. Washington additionally made provisions for a new brick tomb to be constructed after his death, which would replace the original yet quickly deteriorating family burial vault. In 1831, Washington’s body was transferred to the new tomb, along with the remains of Martha Washington and other family members. Today, the gently wooded enclosure that surrounds the Washingtons' final resting place is a lovely, fitting space to pay homage to the Father of Our Country and the first First Lady.[DOC] [TLE] Mount Vernon | historical site, Virginia, United States ...Mount Vernon | historical site, Virginia, United States | Britannica.com [PAR] historical site, Virginia, United States [PAR] Written By: [PAR] United States [PAR] Mount Vernon, home and burial place of George Washington , in Fairfax county, Virginia , U.S. , overlooking the Potomac River , 15 miles (24 km) south of Washington, D.C. The 18th-century two-story Georgian mansion is built of wood, but the siding is of wide, thick boards paneled so as to give the appearance of cut and dressed stonework. The rooms have been restored as they were when occupied by Washington and his family; most of the furniture pieces on the first floor and all of those in Washington’s bedchamber are originals. Additional Washington relics are in a separate museum building. [PAR] Mount Vernon, aquatint by Francis Jukes, 1800. [PAR] The Granger Collection, New York [PAR] From both ends of the house, a curved colonnade leads to a row of outbuildings. A spacious lawn surrounds the mansion, with shaded drives, walks, and gardens. A short distance southwest of the mansion is a plain brick tomb built at Washington’s direction on a site chosen by himself. It contains his remains and those of his wife and of several members of the family (all removed there from the old family vault in 1831). [PAR] Mount Vernon, Fairfax county, Virginia. [PAR] R. Morley—PhotoLink/Getty Images [PAR] The estate, originally called Little Hunting Creek Plantation, consisted of about 5,000 acres (2,000 hectares). It descended by inheritance from John Washington, the first of the family in America, to his son Lawrence, who in turn devised it to his daughter Mildred. From Mildred it was purchased in 1726 by her brother Augustine, George Washington’s father; and in 1735, when George was three years old, the family moved there from “Wakefield” (a site now occupied by the George Washington Birthplace National Monument ). The central part of the house was probably built during that time. In 1740, Augustine conveyed the plantation to his son Lawrence, elder half brother of George, and Lawrence settled there three years later. He renamed the plantation Mount Vernon in honour of Admiral Edward Vernon, under whom he had served in the Caribbean. Young George, after his father’s death in 1743, spent part of his youth at Mount Vernon with Lawrence. [PAR] East view of the mansion at Mount Vernon, Fairfax county, Virginia. [PAR] George Washington’s Mount Vernon Estate & Gardens; photograph, Robert C. Lautman [PAR] Similar Topics[DOC] [TLE] George Washington's Birthplace--Presidents: A Discover Our ...George Washington's Birthplace--Presidents: A Discover Our Shared Heritage Travel Itinerary [PAR] National Monument [PAR] National Park Service [PAR] By the time of George Washington’s birth in 1732 on the marshy shores of Popes Creek, his family had been on the land between Mattox and Popes Creek for three quarters of a century.\xa0 The George Washington Birthplace National Monument preserves much of the character of the 18th century tobacco plantation where Washington lived until he was about four.\xa0 The birthplace house no longer stands, but its foundations have been"}, 'question': {'What is the former home and burial place of George Washington?'}}

['mount vernon']

As a reading comprehension expert, you will receive context and question. Please understand the given Context first and then output the answer of the question based on the Context

{'context': {"[DOC] [TLE] My Fair Lady (1964) - Quotes - IMDbMy Fair Lady (1964) - Quotes - IMDb [PAR] My Fair Lady (1964) [PAR] Quotes [PAR] Showing all 64 items [PAR] Eliza Doolittle : The difference between a lady and a flower girl is not how she behaves, but how she is treated. [PAR] Share this: Facebook \xa0|\xa0 Twitter \xa0|\xa0 Permalink Hide\xa0options [PAR] Mrs. Eynsford-Hill : I do hope we won't have any unseasonable cold spells; they bring on so much influenza. And the whole of our family is susceptible to it. [PAR] Eliza Doolittle : My aunt died of influenza, or so they said. But it's my belief they done the old woman in. [PAR] Mrs. Higgins : Done her in? [PAR] Eliza Doolittle : Yes, Lord love you. Why should she die of influenza, when she come through diphtheria right enough the year before? Fairly blue with it she was. They all thought she was dead. But my father, he kept ladling gin down her throat. Then she come to so sudden she bit the bowl right off the spoon. [PAR] Mrs. Eynsford-Hill : Dear me! [PAR] Eliza Doolittle : Now, what call would a woman with that strength in her have to die of influenza? And what become of her new straw hat that should have come to me? [PAR] [pause] [PAR] Eliza Doolittle : Somebody pinched it. And what I say is: them as pinched it, done her in. [PAR] Lord Boxington: Done her in? Done her in, did you say? [PAR] Lady Boxington : What ever does it mean? [PAR] Mrs. Higgins : It's the new slang, meaning someone has killed her. [PAR] Mrs. Eynsford-Hill : Surely you don't think someone killed her? [PAR] Eliza Doolittle : Do I not? Them she lived with would have killed her for a hatpin, let alone a hat. [PAR] Mrs. Eynsford-Hill : But it can't have been right for your father to be pouring spirits down her throat like that, it could have killed her. [PAR] Eliza Doolittle : Not her, gin was mother's milk to her. Besides he poured so much down his own throat, he knew the good of it. [PAR] Lord Boxington: Do you mean he drank? [PAR] Eliza Doolittle : Drank? My word, something chronic. [PAR] [responding to freddy's laughter] [PAR] Share this: Facebook \xa0|\xa0 Twitter \xa0|\xa0 Permalink Hide\xa0options [PAR] Mrs. Higgins : How ever did you learn good manners with my son around? [PAR] Eliza Doolittle : It was very difficult. I should never have known how ladies and gentlemen really behaved, if it hadn't been for Colonel Pickering. He always showed what he thought and felt about me as if I were something better than a common flower girl. You see, Mrs. Higgins, apart from the things one can pick up, the difference between a lady and a flower girl is not how she behaves, but how she is treated. I shall always be a common flower girl to Professor Higgins, because he always treats me like a common flower girl, and always will. But I know that I shall always be a lady to Colonel Pickering, because he always treats me like a lady, and always will. [PAR] Share this: Facebook \xa0|\xa0 Twitter \xa0|\xa0 Permalink Hide\xa0options [PAR] Professor Henry Higgins : How poignant it will be on that inevitable night, when she shows up on my door in tears and rags! Miserable and lonely, repentant and contrite! Shall I take her in, or hurl her to the wolves? Give her kindness, or the treatment she deserves? Will I take her back, or THROW THE BAGGAGE OUT? Well, I'm a most forgiving man. The sort who never could, ever would, take a position and staunchly never budge. A *most* forgiving man... But, I shall NEVER take her back! If she were crawling on her KNEES! Let her promise to atone, let her shiver, let her moan, I'll slam the door and let the hellcat FREEZE!"}, 'question': {'"These are the last lines of which musical: ""Eliza? Where the devil are my slippers""?"'}}

['my fair lady']

As a reading comprehension expert, you will receive context and question. Please understand the given Context first and then output the answer of the question based on the Context

{'context': {"[DOC] [TLE] StarChild: The Solar SystemStarChild: The Solar System [PAR] The Solar System [PAR] Listen to an audio version of this page. [PAR] Sorry, your browser does not support the audio element, please consider updating. [PAR] What is the solar system? It is our Sun and everything that travels around it. Our solar system is elliptical in shape. That means it is shaped like an egg. The Sun is in the center of the solar system. Our solar system is always in motion. Eight known planets and their moons, along with comets , asteroids , and other space objects orbit the Sun. The Sun is the biggest object in our solar system. It contains more than 99% of the solar system's mass . Astronomers think the solar system is more than 4 billion years old. [PAR] Astronomers are now finding new objects far, far from the Sun which they call dwarf planets. Pluto , which was once called a planet, is now called a dwarf planet.[DOC] [TLE] BBC Solar System – The Sun contains 99% of the Solar ...BBC Solar System – The Sun contains 99% of the Solar System's mass [PAR] Listen now 45 min [PAR] Melvyn Bragg examines our knowledge of the planets in both our and other solar systems. [PAR] Melvyn Bragg discusses our knowledge of the planets in both our and other solar systems. What causes them to form and what is the likelihood of there being another with properties similar to Earth’s? [PAR] About Sun [PAR] The Sun is the star at the center of the Solar System. It is a nearly perfect sphere of hot plasma, with internal convective motion that generates a magnetic field via a dynamo process. It is by far the most important source of energy for life on Earth. Its diameter is about 109 times that of Earth, and its mass is about 330,000 times that of Earth, accounting for about 99.86% of the total mass of the Solar System. About three quarters of the Sun's mass consists of hydrogen (~73%); the rest is mostly helium (~25%), with much smaller quantities of heavier elements, including oxygen, carbon, neon, and iron. [PAR] The Sun is a G-type main-sequence star (G2V) based on its spectral class, and is informally referred to as a yellow dwarf. It formed approximately 4.6 billion[a] years ago from the gravitational collapse of matter within a region of a large molecular cloud. Most of this matter gathered in the center, whereas the rest flattened into an orbiting disk that became the Solar System. The central mass became so hot and dense that it eventually initiated nuclear fusion in its core. It is thought that almost all stars form by this process. [PAR] The Sun is roughly middle-aged: it has not changed dramatically for more than four billion[a] years, and will remain fairly stable for more than another five billion years. After hydrogen fusion in its core has stopped, the Sun will undergo severe changes and become a red giant. It is calculated that the Sun will become sufficiently large to engulf the current orbits of Mercury, Venus, and possibly Earth. [PAR] The enormous effect of the Sun on Earth has been recognized since prehistoric times, and the Sun has been regarded by some cultures as a deity. The synodic rotation of Earth and its orbit around the Sun are the basis of the solar calendar, which is the predominant calendar in use today.[DOC] [TLE] Our Solar System - 3rd Pig: Interplanetary Real EstateOur Solar System - Milky Way Real Estate [PAR] Milky Way Real Estate [PAR] Our solar system is in the Orion arm of the Milky Way \xa0 \xa0 \xa0\xa0 [PAR] Milky Way Galaxy [PAR] Terrestrial planets [PAR] Our Solar System [PAR] Our solar system consists of the\xa0Sun\xa0and the astronomical objects gravitationally bound in orbit around it, all of which formed from the collapse of a giant molecular cloud approximately 4.6 billion years ago. The vast majority of the system's mass (well over 99%) is in the Sun. Of the many objects that orbit the Sun, most of the mass is contained within eight relatively solitary planets whose orbits are almost circular and lie within"}, 'question': {'More than 99% of the mass of our solar system is contained within what?'}}

['sun']

As a reading comprehension expert, you will receive context and question. Please understand the given Context first and then output the answer of the question based on the Context

{'context': {'[DOC] [TLE] Capital of WalesThe current capital of Wales is Cardiff, which was first referred to as such in 1955, when Gwilym Lloyd-George, then Minister for Welsh Affairs commented in a Parliamentary written answer that "no formal measures are necessary to give effect to this decision". Since 1999, Cardiff has been the location of the National Assembly for Wales. [PAR] In the past, other places have been regarded as the Welsh capital, including [PAR] *Strata Florida Abbey, the Cistercian abbey where Llywelyn the Great held council in 1238. [PAR] *Machynlleth, where Owain Glyndŵr held a parliament in 1404. [PAR] *Ludlow, England, seat of the Council of Wales and the Marches from 1473 to 1689. [PAR] The ecclesiastical capital of Wales is St Davids, the resting place of the country\'s patron saint, Saint David. [PAR] The National Library of Wales is located in Aberystwyth.[DOC] [TLE] Wales Map / Geography of Wales / Map of Wales - Worldatlas.comWales Map / Geography of Wales / Map of Wales - Worldatlas.com [PAR] Print this map [PAR] Wales Description [PAR] A series of long-lasting Ice Ages literally displaced ancient populations off most of northern Europe , including Wales and all of the British Isles. [PAR] After the last Ice Age melted away, new bodies of water formed, including the English Channel and Irish Sea. Britain and Ireland were now islands and Celtic peoples from Europe first arrived here around 500 BC. [PAR] The Romans (40,000 strong) invaded the British Isles in 43 AD. They called this wild land Britannia, and by 79 AD, Wales (after some rather strong resistance) was mostly subdued and then partially controlled until the Roman Empire collapsed upon itself in 410 AD. [PAR] Over the next 200 years Christianity was introduced and Wales was divided (or localized) into individual small kingdoms and principalities. Regional wars became commonplace and the land grab was on. [PAR] The English Saxons applied pressures along its then disputed border with Wales, and in 770, the Saxon King, Offa of Mercia, built a dyke between England and Wales. [PAR] In some places it was 65 feet (20 meters) wide. The Saxons called the land on the other side of the dyke "Wales." People in that land called "Wales" referred to their land as "Cymru," and their individual cultures blended together, both economically and linguistically. [PAR] The Viking invasions in the 9th and 10th centuries (in the end) actually bonded the Welsh together, making them stronger. When the Norman conquest of England began in 1066, it had little initial affect on Wales. [PAR] But then, after William the Conqueror established power bases along the Welsh border, the Normans easily controlled the south and began to covet the north. [PAR] In the north the story ending was much different as powerful Welsh princes successfully held the persistent Normans at bay. Llywelyn the Last (aptly named) was in fact named Prince of Wales by Henry III, but this victory streak of sorts for Wales would eventually end. [PAR] The English King, Edward I, began his conquest of Wales in 1272; Llywelyn was killed in battle and the 200 years it took the Normans to gain control of Wales ended with Edward I naming his own son, Prince of Wales, and that remains a tradition to this day. [PAR] Pride of place died a very slow death in Wales, and in 1400, a rebellion against England began, led by Owain Glyndwr. He declared himself the new Prince of Wales and after limited initial successes, Henry IV squashed the rebellion; English law was once again firmly in place and Glyndwr faded into the countryside. [PAR] In 1536, the Act of Union brought England and Wales together, united into one. England grew rapidly, but Wales languished in the background, remaining isolated with zero population growth and a very weak economy. [PAR] In the mid 1700\'s the Industrial Revolution took hold, as the mining of coal and the production of iron and tin brought Wales springboarding back to life; the railroads arrived; population surged and small southeastern communities grew into larger towns - almost overnight. [PAR] In 1926, Plaid Cymru, the Welsh National Party was formed'}, 'question': {'What is the capital of Wales?'}}

['cardiff']

As a reading comprehension expert, you will receive context and question. Please understand the given Context first and then output the answer of the question based on the Context

{'context': {"[DOC] [TLE] Safari RallyThe Safari Rally is a rally race held in East Africa. It was first held from 27 May to 1 June 1953 as the East African Coronation Safari in Kenya, Uganda and Tanganyika, as a celebration of the coronation of Queen Elizabeth II. In 1960 it was renamed the East African Safari Rally and kept that name until 1974, when it became the Safari Rally. [PAR] The Safari Rally adopted the special stage format in 1996. From that edition until 2002, it featured over 1000\xa0km of timed stages, with stages well over 60\xa0km long, unlike most rallies which had under 500\xa0km of total timed distance. This meant that the winner's total time was above 12 hours in 1996 and decreased to two seconds shy of 8 hours in 2002. [PAR] The event was part of the World Rally Championship calendar for many years until being excluded after 2002 due to the lack of finance and organisation in 2003. The Kenyan government is trying to get the rally's WRC status restored. Since 2003 the event has been part of the African Rally Championship organised by the FIA. It is currently known as the KCB Safari Rally after its sponsor, Kenya Commercial Bank (KCB). [PAR] Local driver Shekhar Mehta was the most successful in the event with five outright victories (1973, 1979–1982). [PAR] Past winners [PAR] Notes: IMC International Championship for Manufacturers, WRC [PAR] World Rally Championship, 2LWC 2-Litre World Cup, ARC [PAR] African Rally Championship, IRC = Intercontinental Rally Challenge [PAR] East African Safari Rally (classic) [PAR] The East African Safari Rally is a Classic rally event first held in 2003 to coincide with the 50th anniversary of the first running of the event. The event has since been held biennially.[DOC] [TLE] KenyaKenya (;), officially the Republic of Kenya, is a country in Africa and a founding member of the East African Community (EAC). Its capital and largest city is Nairobi. Kenya's territory lies on the equator and overlies the East African Rift covering a diverse and expansive terrain that extends roughly from Lake Victoria to Lake Turkana (formerly called Lake Rudolf) and further south-east to the Indian Ocean. It is bordered by Tanzania to the south, Uganda to the west, South Sudan to the north-west, Ethiopia to the north and Somalia to the north-east. Kenya covers , and had a population of approximately 45 million people in July 2014. [PAR] Kenya has a warm and humid tropical climate on its Indian Ocean coastline. The climate is cooler in the savannah grasslands around the capital city, Nairobi, and especially closer to Mount Kenya, which has snow permanently on its peaks. Further inland, in the Nyanza region, there is a hot and dry climate which becomes humid around Lake Victoria, the largest tropical fresh-water lake in the world. This gives way to temperate and forested hilly areas in the neighbouring western region. The north-eastern regions along the border with Somalia and Ethiopia are arid and semi-arid areas with near-desert landscapes. Kenya is known for its safaris, diverse climate and geography, and expansive wildlife reserves and national parks such as the East and West Tsavo National Park, the Maasai Mara, Lake Nakuru National Park, and Aberdares National Park. Kenya has several world heritage sites such as Lamu and numerous beaches, including in Diani, Bamburi and Kilifi, where international yachting competitions are held every year. [PAR] The African Great Lakes region, which Kenya is a part of, has been inhabited by humans since the Lower Paleolithic period. By the first millennium AD, the Bantu expansion had reached the area from West-Central Africa. The borders of the modern state consequently comprise the crossroads of the Niger-Congo, Nilo-Saharan and Afroasiatic areas of the continent, representing most major ethnolinguistic groups found in Africa. Bantu and Nilotic populations together constitute around 97% of the nation's residents. European and Arab presence in coastal Mombasa dates to the Early Modern period; European exploration of the interior began in the 19th century. The British Empire established the East Africa Protectorate in 1895, which starting in 1920 gave way to the Kenya"}, 'question': {'The Safari Rally, a round of the World Rally Championship from 1973 to 2002 held in Kenya, Uganda and Tanganyika, was first run as a commemorative event, in what year?'}}

['1953']

As a reading comprehension expert, you will receive context and question. Please understand the given Context first and then output the answer of the question based on the Context

{'context': {'[DOC] [TLE] Twenty seven Filipinos awarded UK Chevening Scholarships ...Twenty seven Filipinos awarded UK Chevening Scholarships – biggest ever batch from the Philippines - News articles - GOV.UK [PAR] Twenty seven Filipinos awarded UK Chevening Scholarships – biggest ever batch from the Philippines [PAR] From: [PAR] Philippines [PAR] Twenty seven Filipinos have been awarded the prestigious Chevening Scholarships by the UK Government for the coming academic year. [PAR] The scholars were recently honoured at a reception hosted by Ambassador Asif Ahmad at his residence on 25 August. The event was attended by the families of the scholars, members of the Chevening alumni network in the Philippines and scholarship co-sponsors, Bank of the Philippine Islands ( BPI ), GlaxoSmithKline Philippines ( GSK ), Megaworld Foundation and Shell Philippines Inc. [PAR] British Ambassador Asif Ahmad said: [PAR] I’m delighted to see so many Chevening Scholarships awarded in the Philippines this year. This is our biggest number ever so these future leaders are making history. Working with our partners, we are very fortunate to have been able to increase the number of scholarships this year, reflecting our strong commitment to a dynamic UK-Philippine relationship. And we plan to see this number increase next year. The application window for that is now open so I urge all potential future leaders with a dynamic vision for the future to seriously consider Chevening. Competition for scholarships remains intense, so my warm congratulations to our 27 successful scholars. I’m sure your time in the UK will help you develop your vision and plans and allow them to be put into effect when you return to the Philippines. [PAR] Ambassador Ahmad also thanked BPI , GSK , Megaworld and Shell for their support which has helped send the biggest batch of Filipino scholars to the UK. [PAR] The Chevening Scholars are: Ysmael Mangorsi, Maila Beniera, Maria Carmen Fernandez, Tasneem AbdulRauf, Asnin Pendatun, Maria Lourdes Gregorio, Edy Lynn Santiago, Julius Lotilla, Paul Zambrano, Ianela Carla Ortiz, Benedict Nisperos, Carizza Castelo, Anya Palileo, Micaela Papa, Asryman Rafanan, Raymond Astillas, Robert Siy, Aison Garcia, Rhio Fuentes-Nuylan, Margarita Villanueva, Miguel Dorotan, Carmela Fonbuena, Emilio Marañon III, Baby Ruth Villarama, Marc Cebreros, Irene Valones and Ivan Ledesma. They will pursue Masters degrees at different educational institutions in the UK in the fields of: finance and economics, law & human rights, trade, art & film, health and sciences, governance and peace & conflict studies. [PAR] Chevening Scholarships are awarded by the British Government to those who have a vision and drive to become future leaders in their chosen fields and countries. The scholarships were named after the Chevening House, the British Foreign Secretary’s official country residence. Applications to Chevening Scholarships are ongoing; log on to www.chevening.org/apply for more information. [PAR] Notes to Editors: [PAR] Chevening Scholarships are the UK Government’s global scholarship programme, funded by the Foreign and Commonwealth Office ( FCO ) and partner organisations. The scholarships support study at UK universities – mostly one year Master’s degrees – for individuals with demonstrable potential to become future leaders, decision-makers, and opinion formers.Chevening began in 1983 and has developed into a prestigious international awards scheme. Chevening Scholars come from over 160 countries and territories worldwide (excluding the USA and the EU), and over 1,500 scholarships were awarded in 2015/2016. There are over 43,000 Chevening Alumni around the world who comprise an influential and highly regarded global network. [PAR] There are approximately 1,500 Chevening Awards globally on offer for the 2016/2017 academic cycle. These scholarships represent a significant investment from the UK Government to develop the next cohort of global leaders. [PAR] The name ‘Chevening’ comes from Chevening House in Sevenoaks, Kent – currently the joint official residence of the UK’s Foreign Secretary. [PAR] More information is available at www.chevening.org [PAR] To qualify for a Chevening scholarship, the applicant must: [PAR] Be a Filipino citizen at the time of applying for the award, and intend to return to the Philippines at the end of the period of study. [PAR] Hold an undergraduate degree.'}, 'question': {'Since 1980, what has been the official country residence of the British Foreign Secretary?'}}

['chevening' 'chevening house']

As a reading comprehension expert, you will receive context and question. Please understand the given Context first and then output the answer of the question based on the Context

{'context': {'[DOC] [TLE] EgyptSearch Forums: Post A ReplyEgyptSearch Forums: Post A Reply [PAR] Post A Reply [PAR] UBB Code� is enabled. [PAR] [QUOTE]Originally posted by mena7: [QB] Senufo people Map showing the approximate distribution of Senufo peoples and some neighbouring peoples in Mali, C�te d\'Ivoire, Burkina Faso and Ghana. The Senufo (the francophone spelling Senoufo is commonly used) are an ethnolinguistic group composed of diverse subgroups of Gur-speaking people living in an area spanning from southern Mali and the extreme western corner of Burkina Faso to Katiola in C�te d\'Ivoire. One group, the Nafana, is found in north-western Ghana. The Senufo number somewhere between 1.5 and 2.7 million[1] and speak the various Senufo languages. Korhogo, an ancient town in northern C�te d\'Ivoire dating from the 13th century, is the capital of the Senufo people. The Senufo are predominantly an agricultural people cultivating millet, yams, peanut, and rice. Daily life for the Senufo people revolves around the religious rituals that enable them to placate the deities they respect and fear through means of divination practices and the wearing of specially crafted brass jewelry. The Senufo to employ the Fo bracelet, which contains one of the culture�s most prominent designs, a python, in a variety of purposes to suit the spiritual and aesthetic needs of the society. The Sandogo is an authoritative women�s social order responsible for sustaining positive relationships with the spiritual world through divination and for protecting the purity of each kinship group. The Sandobele are diviners within the Sandogo society who diagnose and resolve issues within the community [IMG]http://tribudragon.files.wordpress.com/2011/04/senufo-2.jpg[/IMG] Senufo people [IMG]http://static.guim.co.uk/sys-images/Guardian/Pix/pictures/2011/11/29/1322572631067/A-balafon-festival-of-the-004.jpg[/IMG] Balfon festival of the Senufo [IMG]http://www.corbisimages.com/images/Corbis-FV001204.jpg?size=67&uid=3f2a5104-445b-43dd-93df-144b0b734ef0[/IMG] Senufo mask dancer [/QB][/QUOTE] [PAR] \xa0 [PAR] Disable Graemlins in this post. [PAR] \xa0 [PAR] T O P I C ��� R E V I E W [PAR] mena7 [PAR] Africa [PAR] Igbo people [PAR] The Igbo people, historically spelled Ibo, "Heebo" or "Eboe"[2] are an ethnic group of southeastern Nigeria. They speak Igbo, which includes various Igboid languages and dialects.[3][4] Igbo people are one of the largest ethnic groups in Africa.[5] In rural Nigeria, Igbo people are mostly craftsmen, farmers and traders. The most important crop is the yam; celebrations are held annually to celebrate its harvesting.[6] Other staple crops include cassava and taro.[7] [PAR] Before British colonialism, the Igbo were a politically fragmented group. There were variations in culture such as in art styles, attire and religious practices. Various subgroups were organized by clan, lineage, village affiliation, and dialect. There were not many centralized chiefdoms, hereditary aristocracy, or kingship customs except in kingdoms such as those of the Nri, Arochukwu, Agbor and Onitsha.[8] This political system changed significantly under British colonialism in the early 20th century; Eze (kings) were introduced into most local communities by Frederick Lugard as "Warrant Chiefs".[9] The Igbo became overwhelmingly Christian under colonization. Chinua Achebe\'s Things Fall Apart is one of the most popular novels to depict Igbo culture and changes under colonialism. [PAR] By the mid-20th century, the Igbo people developed a strong sense of ethnic identity.[7] Certain conflicts with other Nigerian ethnicities led to Igbo-dominated Eastern Nigeria seceding to create the independent state of Biafra. The Nigerian Civil War or the Nigerian-Biafran War" (6 July 1967 � 15 January 1970) broke out shortly after. With their defeat, the Republic of Biafra once again was part of Nigeria.[10] MASSOB, a sectarian organization formed in 1999, continues a non-violent struggle for an independent Igbo state.[11] [PAR] Due to the effects of migration and the Atlantic slave trade, there are descendant ethnic Igbo populations in countries such as Cameroon[12] and Equatorial Guinea,[13] as well as outside Africa. Their exact population outside Africa is unknown, but today many African Americans and Afro Caribbeans are of Igbo descent. According to Liberian historians the fifth president of Liberia Edward James Roye was of Igbo descent [PAR] Chiwetel Ejiofor [PAR] posted [PAR] Tigray-Tigrinya people [PAR] The Tigray-Tigrinya (ትግራይ - ትግርኛ) are an ethnic group inhabiting the southern and central'}, 'question': {'From which continent are native tribes and ethnic groups called the Hausa, Yoruba, Igbo, Amhara, Somali, Fula, Shona, Zulu, Hutu, Maasai, Tutsi and Nubians?'}}

['in africa' 'african continent' 'continent of africa' 'africa']

As a reading comprehension expert, you will receive context and question. Please understand the given Context first and then output the answer of the question based on the Context

{'context': {'[DOC] [TLE] What is Jet Lag | Just another WordPress.com weblogWhat is Jet Lag | Just another WordPress.com weblog [PAR] What is Jet Lag [PAR] •June 19, 2009 • 1 Comment [PAR] In today’s world, it seems that almost any topic is open for debate. While I was gathering facts for this article, I was quite surprised to find some of the issues I thought were settled are actually still being openly discussed. [PAR] The best time to learn about jet lag is before you’re in the thick of things. Wise readers will keep reading to earn some valuable jet lag experience while it’s still free. [PAR] \xa0 [PAR] Now that wasn’t hard at all, was it? And you’ve earned a wealth of knowledge, just from taking some time to study an expert’s word on jet lag.[DOC] [TLE] Jet Lag | Definition of Jet Lag by Merriam-WebsterJet Lag | Definition of Jet Lag by Merriam-Webster [PAR] noun \\\\ˈjet-ˌlag\\\\ [PAR] Medical Definition of jet lag [PAR] :\xa0 a condition that is characterized by various psychological and physiological effects (as fatigue and irritability), occurs following long flight through several time zones, and probably results from disruption of circadian rhythms in the human body—called also jet fatigue [PAR] jet–lagged [PAR] adjective [PAR] Learn More about jet lag[DOC] [TLE] Jet lag | definition of jet lag by Medical dictionaryJet lag | definition of jet lag by Medical dictionary [PAR] Jet lag | definition of jet lag by Medical dictionary [PAR] http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/jet+lag [PAR] \xa0 [PAR] Definition [PAR] Jet lag is a condition marked by fatigue , insomnia, and irritability that is caused by air travel through changing time zones. It is commonplace: a 2002 study of international business travelers (IBTs) found that jet lag was one of the most common health problems reported, affecting as many as 74% of IBTs. [PAR] Description [PAR] Living organisms are accustomed to periods of night and day alternating at set intervals. Most of the human body\'s regulating hormones follow this cycle, known as circadian rhythm. The word circadian comes from the Latin, circa, meaning about, and dies, meaning day. These cycles are not exactly 24 hours long, hence the "circa." Each chemical has its own cycle of highs and lows, interacting with and influencing the other cycles. Body temperature, sleepiness, thyroid function, growth hormone, metabolic processes, adrenal hormones, and the sleep hormone melatonin all cycle with daylight. There is a direct connection between the retina (where light hits the back of the eye) and the part of the brain that controls all these hormones. Artificial light has some effect, but sunlight has much more. [PAR] When people are without clocks in a compartment that is completely closed to sunlight, most of them fall into a circadian cycle of about 25 hours. Normally, all the regulating chemicals follow one another in order like threads in a weaving pattern. Every morning the sunlight resets the cycle, stimulating the leading chemicals and thus compensating for the difference between the 24-hour day and the 25-hour innate rhythm. [PAR] When traveling through a number of time zones, most people reset their rhythms within a few days, demonstrating the adaptability of the human species. Some people, however, have upset rhythms that last indefinitely. [PAR] Causes and symptoms [PAR] Traveling through a few time zones at a time is not as disruptive to circadian rhythms as traveling around the world can be. The foremost symptom of jet lag is altered sleep pattern—sleepiness during the day, and insomnia during the night. Jet lag may also include indigestion and trouble concentrating. Individuals afflicted by jet lag will alternate in and out of a normal day-night cycle. [PAR] Treatment [PAR] Current treatments [PAR] In cases of short-term insomnia triggered by jet lag, a physician may recommend sleeping pills or prescription medication. Such medication should only be taken under the guidance of a health care professional. [PAR] Investigational treatments [PAR] In 2002, a team from Flanders University invented new jet lag sunglasses equipped with a vision device that used light to stimulate travelers brains. They believed that wearing the glasses before and during flights could help the human clock adjust more easily to changing time zones. The researchers were looking for a commercial partner to'}, 'question': {'What is another word for jet lag?'}}

['jet lag']

As a reading comprehension expert, you will receive context and question. Please understand the given Context first and then output the answer of the question based on the Context

{'context': {"[DOC] [TLE] Frogger | RetrolandFrogger | Retroland [PAR] Retroland [PAR] Home » Video Games » Frogger [PAR] Frogger [PAR] For those who didn’t necessarily want to wage their arcade battles in the far reaches of space, there was once a game called Frogger, which allowed us to help a member of the animal kingdom traverse obstacles both natural and man-made, and find his way safely to his preferred habitat. This journey, both daunting and surprisingly addictive, made Konami’s Frogger an instant hit among the masses, and one of the most beloved video games to emerge from the 80s. [PAR] The object was (not so) simply to try and get the frog across the road, across the river and into its home. That was all a player had to do within the alloted time and if he managed to safely guide five frogs back home, the game reset at a higher level of difficulty. The challenge lay in avoiding all the obstacles out for froggy’s blood. [PAR] Starting from the bottom of the screen, the frog had to cross a busy road on his way to the river. The road featured cars and trucks zipping back and forth and if you guided the frog across the five lanes safely, he could take a breather on a dirt median before attempting to leap across the river. Frog control was via a 4-way joystick that allowed simple up, down, left and right movement. [PAR] The river was another thing altogether; it was as busy as the road, with floating logs, turtles and alligators flowing in both directions. The frog had to hop from object to object in order to reach one of the five lilly pad spaces at the top of the screen, his home. Zig-zagging from logs to turtles wasn’t without its dangers as rows of turtles would disappear every now and again, dropping the frog into the water and “killing” him (it’s a frog, it lives in the water!). Logs were safer but you had to be careful not to stay on them too long as the current would carry them off screen and that would put an end to the frog as well. Alligators floated by and the frog could hitch a ride on their back, as long as he avoided their gaping jaws which would spell, again, dun dun dun…death. [PAR] The levels became progressively harder, introducing more cars that went faster, racecars that zoomed by with VROOOM! noises, snakes that patrolled the median, alligators that looked like logs until the last horrible minute and alligators that lay in wait for poor froggy inside his own lilly pad. Dawdling and taking a circuitous route didn’t help either, because if a player took too long getting the frog where he needed to be, the game added more cars and other obstacles to gently nudge you along. On the other hand, extra points could be earned by finding a lady frog sunning herself on a log and carrying her home with you or by snapping up tasty bugs that appear in random places. [PAR] Frogger achieved enormous popularity in the early 80s, both in America and abroad, and has since become an iconic representation of the era. Next to Pac-Man , it is perhaps the most recognizable game of that period. And, while it didn’t spawn any sequels in the arcade, many versions of Frogger have been released for home gaming platforms over the years, keeping this addictive amphibian adventure alive for future generations. [PAR] If you spend many a maddening hour trying to help that poor frog get home safely, we welcome your memories in our comments section as we tip our hats to a true arcade legend. [PAR] 2 Responses to “Frogger”[DOC] [TLE] Flat Batteries | FroggerFlat Batteries | Frogger [PAR] Genre: Platformer [PAR] I first played Frogger when it came out on my Dad's Apple II. (Yes, yes, a bit posh I know) It basically destroyed my brain. I have never been the same since. The object of the game was simple enough: get your frog safely across a busy road, then carry on across a river. One would think that it was a case of just swimming across the river but no, that wasn't"}, 'question': {'In which classic arcade is the object to get an amphibian across a busy road?'}}

['frogger']

As a reading comprehension expert, you will receive context and question. Please understand the given Context first and then output the answer of the question based on the Context

{'context': {'[DOC] [TLE] Roger Moore - James Bond Wiki - WikiaRoger Moore | James Bond Wiki | Fandom powered by Wikia [PAR] A View to a Kill [PAR] Sir Roger George Moore, CBE (born October 14, 1927) is an English actor known for his suave and witty demeanor. He is known best for portraying two fictional English action heroes, Simon Templar in the television series The Saint, from 1962 to 1969 , and as Sean Connery \'s successor as James Bond in the phenomenally successful film series from 1973 to 1985, and a UNICEF ambassador since 1991. [PAR] Biography [PAR] Roger Moore was born in Stockwell, London , the son of a policeman, he attended Dr Challoner\'s Grammar School in Amersham, Buckinghamshire, England . During World War II , he served in the entertainment branch (above luminaries such as Spike Milligan). He first appeared in films in the 1940s, as an extra, and then was a leading man, notably in television. Besides having been The Saint, many episodes of which he also directed, Moore was Ivanhoe, the noble knight, and featured as the leading man of The Persuaders! It was for this he was paid the then unheard of sum of one million pounds for a single series, making him the highest paid television actor in the world. [PAR] While filming Octopussy in India in 1983, he was shocked at the utter poverty on display, Moore has engaged in humanitarian work. His colleague Audrey Hepburn impressed him with her work for UNICEF, and consequently he became UNICEF Goodwill Ambassador in 1991. He was the voice of "Santa" in the UNICEF cartoon "The Fly Who Loved Me." Moore was also involved in the production of an informative video for PETA that protests against the production and wholesale of foie gras. Moore narrates the video, which shows how ducks and geese are force-fed in order to appease the demand for the "delicacy." [PAR] In 1999 , Moore was created a Commander of the British Empire (CBE), and a Knight Commander of the British Empire (KBE) on June 14, 2003. [PAR] Now in his late seventies, Moore appears only occasionally in film or television, notably an episode of the American TV series Alias, in 2002. [PAR] Moore has a daughter and two sons with Luisa Mattioli; son Geoffrey Moore also is an actor, and owns a restaurant in London . Daughter Deborah Moore made a guest appearance as a flight attendant in Die Another Day . [PAR] Moore underwent major but successful surgery for prostate cancer in 1993, an event he later referred to as a life-changing experience. [PAR] James Bond [PAR] There are a lot of apocryphal stories as to when Moore\'s name was first dropped as a possible candidate for [PAR] Roger Moore as James Bond 007 [PAR] the mantle of James Bond. Some sources, specifically Albert R. Broccoli from his autobiography When The Snow Melts, claim that Moore was considered for Dr. No , and that he was Ian Fleming \'s favorite for the role after apparently having seen Moore as Simon Templar; however, this story is often debunked by fans and Bond-film historians, who point to the fact that the series did not begin airing in the United Kingdom until October 4, 1962 —only one day before the premiere of Dr. No. Other sources, such as the insert for the special edition DVDs, claim that Moore was passed over for Bond in favour of someone who was older. As Moore is older than Sean Connery, this is probably not true. Publicly, Moore wasn\'t linked to the role of 007 until 1967 , when Harry Saltzman claimed he would make a good Bond, but also displayed misgivings due to his popularity as Simon Templar. Nevertheless, Moore was finally cast as James Bond in Live and Let Die ( 1973 ). [PAR] Moore\'s seven years as Simon Templar earned him enough popularity (and credibility) among fans of detective fiction to earn many Bond fans\' acceptance, despite the inevitable comparisons to Connery, who was and is a friend of Moore. [PAR] After Live and Let Die, Moore also played the suave and sophisticated agent in: [PAR] Roger Moore in For Your Eyes Only [PAR] his retirement from the role in'}, 'question': {'Roger Moore first played James Bond in which film?'}}

['live and let die']

As a reading comprehension expert, you will receive context and question. Please understand the given Context first and then output the answer of the question based on the Context

{'context': {'[DOC] [TLE] Go “On The Record With Mick Rock” on OvationGo "On The Record With Mick Rock" on Ovation [PAR] Image courtesy Ovation [PAR] Image courtesy Ovation TV [PAR] Mick Rock and his iconic photographs of Iggy Pop, David Bowie, Lou Reed and Blondie helped define the 1970s glam rock era. Now the man who has photographed everyone from Queen to Queens of the Stone Age is looking at music’s biggest stars through a new lens. [PAR] In his newest adventure, Ovation ’s On the Record With Mick Rock, the photographer travels to the hometowns of music legends to gain an insider’s view of how each city shaped them. Two of the stars he’ll join for an unforgettable day are singer Josh Groban (who also serves as a series producer) and Patti LaBelle. [PAR] MIck Rock with Patti LaBelle in her home. [PAR] Photo by Lisa Lake/Getty Images for Ovation TV [PAR] LaBelle showed Rock around her beloved hometown of Philadelphia, where the music icon still lives. “She’s like royalty in Philadelphia,” reveals Rock. “You get out of the car with her and they all come running over.” The singer was proud to show off the Uptown Theater, where she performed early in her career; her childhood home; and the restaurant of a good friend. “I’ve never gone to some of the locations with anyone,” reveals LaBelle, “so Mick is getting a whole lot of my life from, you know, back-in-the-day Patti LaBelle.” At the end of their day together, Patti treats Mick to an intimate concert in her living room. [PAR] Rock is a charming host, and because he has spent over 40 years as a music industry insider, he connects effortlessly with musicians of any genre. “He’s so easy,” gushes LaBelle before joking, “We’re having an affair. Yeah. Nobody knows it but he and I, but I just told you.” Rock muses that his ease with musicians is because he approaches his work with a similar mindset. “The way they work in the studios, where they’re just trying to riff, throw things around. After a while, things would happen.” [PAR] With a camera in his hand and a wink in his eye, Rock reveals not only the fascinating histories of his subjects, but also his own riveting past. So while we’re getting to know the musicians, we’re also learning about the man who best captures them. [PAR] On the Record With Mick Rock\xa0>\xa0Ovation\xa0>\xa0Sundays at 8pm ET beginning Aug. 2 [PAR] ON THE RECORD WITH MICK ROCK: Josh Groban – Premieres Sunday, August 2 at 8 pm ET. Native Angeleno and multi-platinum recording artist Josh Groban takes Mick on an inspiring tour of Los Angeles, paying homage to the high school teacher who gave him the confidence to succeed, stopping by the after-school Shakespeare program he personally supports and treating Mick to a moving performance of his song, Hidden Away.\xa0 [PAR] ON THE RECORD WITH MICK ROCK: Kings of Leon – Premieres Sunday, August 9 at 8 pm ET.\xa0 Mick discovers how the Grammy\xa0Award-winning rock stars Kings of Leon escaped their Pentecostal roots to find a home in Nashville¹s evolving music scene. The band dishes on its rocky past and gives Mick a tour of country music¹s hometown, ending the day in the Kings¹ private studio for an exclusive jam session. [PAR] ON THE RECORD WITH MICK ROCK: Flaming Lips – Premieres Sunday, August 16 at 8 pm ET.\xa0 Mick touches down in Oklahoma City to hang with the Flaming Lips and uncovers how these masters of psychedelic rock have become the surprising hometown heroes. Lead singer Wayne Coyne shows off his wacky art gallery, fills Mick in on his all-night parties with Miley Cyrus and ends the day with a performance of the group¹s hit song, Do You Realize?? [PAR] ON THE RECORD WITH MICK ROCK: Patti LaBelle – Premieres Sunday, August 23 at 8 pm ET.\xa0 Grammy\xa0Hall of Fame artist Patti LaBelle takes Mick on a personal tour of Philadelphia, visiting the theater that'}, 'question': {'Mick Rock has what occupation in the recording industry?'}}

['photographer']

As a reading comprehension expert, you will receive context and question. Please understand the given Context first and then output the answer of the question based on the Context

{'context': {'[DOC] [TLE] Tim Rice | Biography & History | AllMusicTim Rice | Biography & History | AllMusic [PAR] google+ [PAR] Artist Biography by Jason Ankeny [PAR] Famed for his enormously successful collaboration with composer Andrew Lloyd Webber , lyricist Tim Rice was born November 10, 1944, in Buckinghamshire, England. After fronting the little-known pop combo the Aardvarks during the early \'60s, he worked at a law firm before first teaming with Lloyd Webber in 1965 to author the musical The Likes of Us; the show never reached the stage, however, and the two went their separate ways, with Rice accepting a position with EMI Records. He reunited with Lloyd Webber in 1968 for Joseph and the Amazing Technicolor Dreamcoat, a pop musical inspired by the Biblical character Joseph; the original production, lasting just 20 minutes, was first mounted at London\'s Colet Court School, and subsequent expanded performances at Westminster\'s Central Hall and St. Paul\'s Cathedral led to a Decca cast recording issued in early 1969. [PAR] Rice and Lloyd Webber \'s next collaboration, the 1970 rock opera Jesus Christ Superstar, rocketed the duo to international renown; first documented as a double album featuring performers including Murray Head , Deep Purple \'s Ian Gillan , and Yvonne Elliman , the LP topped the American pop charts, and successful productions were soon mounted both on Broadway and in London\'s West End. (The latter, which premiered August 9, 1972, at the Palace Theater, later surpassed Oliver! as the longest-running musical in British theater history.) The Jesus Christ Superstar feature film followed in 1973, the same year Rice and Lloyd Webber began work on their next project, a musical based on the life of Eva Peron, the wife of Argentine president Juan Peron; highlighted by singer Julie Covington \'s international chart-topper "Don\'t Cry for Me Argentina," the 1976 album Evita appeared nearly two years prior to the show\'s mid-1978 opening at the Prince Edward Theater, with the subsequent Broadway production winning seven Tony Awards. [PAR] Rice \'s next major production, 1983\'s Blondel, was authored in tandem with composer Stephen Oliver, while for the follow-up Chess, he teamed with ex- ABBA members Benny Andersson and Björn Ulvaeus . A musical inspired by the events of the Cold War, Chess first surfaced as a 1984 album which generated the Elaine Paige / Barbara Dickson U.K. number one "You Know Him So Well" as well as Murray Head \'s U.S. chart smash "One Night in Bangkok." The stage show replaced Evita at the Prince Edward Theater in 1986 and proceeded to run for three years; its Broadway counterpart, however, was a colossal financial failure, closing after just 68 performances. In 1986, Rice and Lloyd Webber reunited for Cricket, a 25-minute comedy commissioned in honor of the Queen\'s 60th birthday, but otherwise Rice maintained a low profile in the years to follow before taking over for the late Howard Ashman to complete work on the 1992 animated Disney feature Aladdin. The soundtrack\'s "A Whole New World," written with composer Alan Menken , topped the U.S. charts and went on to take home an Academy Award. [PAR] Remaining at Disney, Rice next teamed with Elton John for 1993\'s The Lion King; the most successful animated picture of all time, it too earned an Oscar for Best Original Song, in this case the smash "Can You Feel the Love Tonight?" The following year Rice and Menken wrote several new songs for the Broadway production of Beauty and the Beast, inspired by the 1991 Disney film blockbuster; in 1997, The Lion King was adapted for the Broadway stage as well. In the interim, Rice collaborated with composer John Farrar for Heathcliff, a musical based on the Emily Brontë novel Wuthering Heights which was first issued as a 1995 LP featuring Cliff Richard before making its London stage debut the following year. He and Menken also re-teamed for King David, which appeared on LP in 1997 but for a handful of a handful of previews remained otherwise largely unseen. Rice next reunited with Elton John for the 1998 stage musical Aida and the 2000 animated feature The Road to El Dorado.[DOC] [TLE] ABBA-Tim Rice musical has checkered past, but'}, 'question': {'Which musical was written by Tim Rice with two ex-members of ABBA?'}}

['chess']

As a reading comprehension expert, you will receive context and question. Please understand the given Context first and then output the answer of the question based on the Context

{'context': {"[DOC] [TLE] UEFA CUP - ManagerLeagueUEFA CUP [PAR] . While it is limited to Europe there are many countries that technically fall in [PAR] Asia [PAR] that is part of UEFA. They are one of the biggest federations in the world and are certainly one of the wealthiest as well. Some of their members are top-ranked teams in the world according to the FIFA rankings and there are more UEFA teams in the FIFA rankings than any of the other associations. They are the organizers and a sponsor of two of the biggest tournaments amongst European football clubs as well, the UEFA Champions League and the UEFA Cup. [PAR] \xa0 [PAR] The UEFA Cup is also known as the European Cup 3, CE3, or C3. The clubs that qualify for this competition qualify based on their performance in national leagues and other cup competitions. The UEFA Cup came into being in 1971 it replaced the Inter-Cities Fairs Cup. Later, in 1999, the UEFA Cup Winner’s Cup was removed and the competition was merged with the modern UEFA Cup. As per usual the winning team may hold the cup for a year before having to return it, but they do keep a smaller replica of the year that they won the cup. There is a tradition that the cup is handed over to any club that manages to win the cup three times in a row or can win it five times overall. Oddly, this has yet to happen up to 2007. The future will tell which club eventually gets to keep the cup. [PAR] \xa0 [PAR] As with many other tournaments, the UEFA Cup is a difficult and competitive tournament between the clubs of the European continent. The merchandizing, television broadcasts, advertisement, and ticket sales are major sources of income for many cities and organizations during the tournament. Law enforcement agencies also keep an eye out during these times as spirits can run high and supporters may get a little carried away in their celebrations. [PAR] \xa0 [PAR] Football, or soccer as it is also called (according to the Europeans), is a big game all over the world. The UEFA Cup is one of the biggest tournaments for the European clubs and still draws hundreds of fans every year. While certainly not the only tournament in the world, it is one of the most well-known with even international fans keeping an eye on their favorite teams.[DOC] [TLE] Soccer -- UEFA CompetitionsSoccer -- UEFA Competitions [PAR] Soccer\xa0--\xa0UEFA\xa0Competitions [PAR] Home Page > Features > Following Soccer in Europe (Page 2) [PAR] How to Follow Soccer in Europe [PAR] Page Two -- UEFA Competitions -- UEFA Champions League -- UEFA Cup -- EURO -- World Cup Qualification -- International Friendlies --\xa0 Other Competitions [PAR] Page Three -- Understanding the Venue -- Following the Game --\xa0 Avoiding Trouble [PAR] Page 2.\xa0 UEFA Competitions [PAR] The United European Football Association, or UEFA, is the governing body for soccer in Europe.\xa0 It is comprised of the national federations for over fifty nations in Europe and Central Asia (its members include Israel and Kazakhstan).\xa0 It administers the game through the national federations, while also hosting its own competitions.\xa0 These are very prestigious world-wide events that are second only to the World Cup itself.\xa0 UEFA's two club competitions, the Champions League and UEFA Cup, are intensely followed through the soccer season.\xa0 Its primary international competition, the European Championships, pits country against country.\xa0 It is a mini-World Cup, full of intrigue and passion. [PAR] So, if you are interested in following the top flights in European soccer, this page is for you. [PAR] Background.\xa0 Comparing American Sports Leagues to the European Soccer System [PAR] The National League Competitions [PAR] Qualifying for the UEFA Competitions [PAR] The UEFA Champions League [PAR] The International Scene -- Competitions and Friendlies [PAR] The World Cup Qualification Tournament [PAR] Other Competitions [PAR] Going to the Game and Enjoying It (and Avoiding Trouble) [PAR] 4.\xa0 The UEFA Club Competitions -- What they are and how to qualify [PAR] The UEFA Champions League is just that -- a league of national champions.\xa0 Each of the UEFA federation members send their national champions from a given year to the UEFA Champions"}, 'question': {'The UEFA cup is a soccer tournament for teams from which continent?'}}

['europe']

As a reading comprehension expert, you will receive context and question. Please understand the given Context first and then output the answer of the question based on the Context

{'context': {'[DOC] [TLE] What is a Parsec? - Universe TodayWhat is a Parsec? - Universe Today [PAR] \xa0 Universe Today [PAR] by Stephanie Bender [PAR] Video [PAR] If you’re into astronomy, or just a fan of any science fiction franchise worth its salt, then chances are you’ve heard the term parsec thrown around. But what is a parsec exactly? Basically, it’s a unit of length used to measure the astronomically large distances between objects beyond our Solar System. [PAR] One parsec is the distance at which one astronomical unit subtends an angle of one arcsecond. A parsec is equivalent to 3.26 light years, and since a light year is the distance light travels in 1 year 9.4 trillion km, 1 parsec equals 30.8 trillion km. [PAR] The term parsec is a combination of 2 words, parallax (par) and arc second (sec). Parallax means something looks like it changed its location because you changed yours. [PAR] For example, if you stand on your porch and look across the street, you will see a house on your left and a house on your right. If you go across the street and look at the same houses from your neighbor’s backyard, they will be on the opposite sides. Did the houses move? Of course not. You changed your location. Since you are in a different place, facing a different direction, they appear to be in different places. [PAR] Likewise, two different people, in two different parts of the world, might see the exact same event in the sky or outer space; yet, it might appear entirely different due to their locations. Astronomers measure parallax by measuring how distant stars shift back and forth as the Earth travels around the Sun. [PAR] Astronomers measure the position of the stars at one time of the year, when the Earth is at a position in its orbit around the Sun, and then they measure again 6 months later when the Earth is on the other side of its orbit. Nearby stars will have shifted a tiny amount compared to more distant stars, and sensitive instruments can detect the change. [PAR] Now for the second part of “parsec”: arcsecond. In this instance, we’re not referring to a measure of time. It’s a part of a measurement of angle. Imagine the horizon around you broken up into 360 slices, or degrees. Each slice is about twice the width of the full moon. An arcminute is 1/60th of a degree, and an arcsecond is 1/60th of an arcminute. So astronomers measure the size of objects, or the parallax movement of stars in degrees, arcminutes and arcseconds. [PAR] So, to put those terms together, a parsec is the parallax of one arcsecond. Just a warning, you’re going to need to dust off your trigonometry for this. If you create a triangle, where one leg is the distance between the Earth and the Sun (one astronomical unit), and the opposite angle, measured by how far the star moves in the sky, is one arcsecond, the star will be 1 parsec away, the other leg of the triangle. [PAR] For example, the closest star in the sky, Proxima Centauri, has a parallax measurement of 0.77233 arcseconds – that’s how far it shifts in the sky from when the Earth shifts its position by 1 astronomical unit. If you put this into the calculation, you determine that Proxima Centauri is 1.295 parsecs away, or 4.225 light years. [PAR] We have written many articles about the parsec for Universe Today. The article explains how the astronomical unit might need to be changed as the Sun loses mass. [PAR] Here’s an article from NASA that explains how to derive the parallax measurement . [PAR] Still doesn’t make sense? Check out his episode of Astronomy Cast where we explain various methods astronomers use to measure the Universe. Episode 10: Measuring Distance in the Universe . [PAR] “For example, the closest star in the sky, Proxima Centauri, has a parallax measurement of 0.77233 arcseconds – that’s how far it shifts in the sky from when the Earth shifts its position by 1 astronomical unit” [PAR] Based on the diagram, should it say “…by 2'}, 'question': {'"A ""parsec"" is a measure of what?"'}}

['distances' 'distance']

As a reading comprehension expert, you will receive context and question. Please understand the given Context first and then output the answer of the question based on the Context

{'context': {'[DOC] [TLE] What are nerve impulses? - Science Museum, LondonWhat are nerve impulses? [PAR] What are nerve impulses? [PAR] What are emotions? [PAR] What are nerve impulses? [PAR] A nerve impulse is an electrical signal that travels along an axon. There is an electrical difference between the inside of the axon and its surroundings, like a tiny battery. When the nerve is activated, there is a sudden change in the voltage across the wall of the axon, caused by the movement of ions in and out of the neuron. This triggers a wave of electrical activity that passes from the cell body along the length of the axon to the synapse. [PAR] A nerve impulse is a wave of electrical activity that passes from one end of a neuron to the other. [PAR] Got the need for speed? [PAR] The speed of nerve impulses varies enormously in different types of neuron. The fastest travel at about 250 mph, faster than a Formula\xa01 racing car. For the impulse to travel quickly, the axon needs to be thick and well insulated. This uses a lot of space and energy, however, and is found only in neurons that need to transfer information urgently. For example, if you burn your fingers it is important that your brain gets the message to withdraw your hand very quickly.[DOC] [TLE] Synapse | definition of synapse by Medical dictionarySynapse | definition of synapse by Medical dictionary [PAR] Synapse | definition of synapse by Medical dictionary [PAR] http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/synapse [PAR] synapse [PAR] \xa0[sin´aps] [PAR] the junction between the processes of two neurons or between a neuron and an effector organ, where neural impulses are transmitted by chemical means. The impulse causes the release of a neurotransmitter (e.g., acetylcholine or norepinephrine) from the presynaptic membrane of the axon terminal. The neurotransmitter molecules diffuse across the synaptic cleft, bind with specific receptors on the postsynaptic membrane, causing depolarization or hyperpolarization of the postsynaptic cell. See also neuron . [PAR] Components of a synapse. From Applegate, 2000. [PAR] axoaxonic synapse one between the axon of one neuron and the axon of another neuron. [PAR] axodendritic synapse one between the axon of one neuron and the dendrites of another. [PAR] axodendrosomatic synapse one between the axon of one neuron and the dendrites and body of another. [PAR] axosomatic synapse one between the axon of one neuron and the body of another. [PAR] dendrodendritic synapse one from a dendrite of one cell to a dendrite of another. [PAR] electrotonic synapse a special type of gap junction found in tissue such as the myocardium. [PAR] syn·apse [PAR] syn·aps·es [PAR] (sin\'aps, sĭ-naps\'; sy-nap\'sez), Avoid mispronouncing the plural of this English word sin-ap\'sēz. [PAR] The functional membrane-to-membrane contact of the nerve cell with another nerve cell, an effector (muscle or gland) cell, or a sensory receptor cell. The synapse subserves the transmission of nerve impulses, commonly from a variably large (1-12 mcm), generally knob-shaped or club-shaped axon terminal (the presynaptic element) to the circumscript patch of the receiving cell\'s plasma membrane (the postsynaptic element) on which the synapse occurs. In most cases, the impulse is transmitted by means of a chemical transmitter substance (such as acetylcholine, γ-aminobutyric acid, dopamine, or norepinephrine) released into a synaptic cleft (15-50 nm wide) that separates the presynaptic from the postsynaptic membrane; the transmitter is stored in quantal form in round or ellipsoid, membrane-bound synaptic vesicles (10-50 nm in diameter) in the presynaptic element. In other synapses, transmission takes place by direct propagation of the bioelectrical potential from the presynaptic to the postsynaptic membrane; in such electrotonic synapses ("gap junctions"), the synaptic cleft is no more than about 2 nm wide. In most cases, synaptic transmission takes place in only one direction ("dynamic polarity" of the synapse), but in some synapses synaptic vesicles occur on both sides of the synaptic cleft, which suggest the possibility of reciprocal chemical transmission. [PAR] [syn- + G. hapto, to clasp] [PAR] synapse [PAR] /syn·apse/ (sin´aps) the site of functional apposition between neurons, where an impulse is transmitted from'}, 'question': {'A synapse is a space where a nerve impulse travels between what?'}}

['neurons' 'neuron']

As a reading comprehension expert, you will receive context and question. Please understand the given Context first and then output the answer of the question based on the Context

{'context': {'[DOC] [TLE] Avignon Bridge - the famous Pont d\'Avignon or Pont Saint ...Avignon Bridge - the famous Pont d\'Avignon or Pont Saint-Benezet [PAR] PHOTO GALLERY MAP & PLACES TO VISIT [PAR] The 12th century Avignon bridge is known as the Pont d\'Avignon in the nursery rhyme or officially as the Pont Saint-Benezet. It forms part of the UNESCO listed historical centre of Avignon. [PAR] Only part of the bridge now remains - four out of an original 22 arches stretching only part way across the Rhone - but it remains one of the most popular attractions in Avignon. [PAR] History of the bridge [PAR] Bénézet was a simple shepherd with an uncanny ability to make people listen when he spoke, and it was he who had the idea for the bridge and who initiated the fund-raising, after reputedly hearing the voice of God instructing him to have the bridge built. [PAR] Until that time it was necessary to cross the river in a boat (although it is possible the Romans had a bridge at the same location). The completion of the bridge dramatically increased traffic across the river - and also raised a great deal of money for the local council, who charged a toll for each crossing. [PAR] The bridge is built on foundations of oak - great oak trunks up to a metre across were sharpened (like pencils), the pointed ends reinforced with iron straps, and the wooden posts then driven into the river bed. This provided the base on which the stone bridge could then be built. [PAR] There is also a chapel on the bridge dating from the 12th century, where the tomb of Bénézet was originally held - the lower part dates from the 15th century. [PAR] Frequent damage meant the bridge was often repaired over the following centuries, until finally being abandoned after severe damage in the 17th century. [PAR] Visiting the Pont d\'Avignon [PAR] Entrance to the bridge is through a fortified tower, which provides access to the top of the bridge. Unfortunately the first part of the bridge now crosses a very busy road, which detracts slightly. You can then walk out along the top of the bridge to the end of the existing section. [PAR] Note that when you are on the bridge the one thing you can\'t see clearly...is the bridge itself! Iron railings run around the edge and to all intents and purposes you are walking out on a platform with little clue that it is an ancient bridge. The best overall view of the bridge is from the banks of the Rhone a little way upstream. [PAR] Access to the chapel is only possible from on the bridge itself. [PAR] Sur le Pont d\'Avignon [PAR] The famous nursery rhyme by an anonymous composer must surely take a lot of responsibility for the lasting fame of the bridge. There is a story that the original song referred to dancing under the bridge \'sous le pont d\'Avignon\', a feat that is no longer possible on the remaining section unless you like dancing in the middle of a busy road. [PAR] Sur le pont d’Avignon / On the bridge of Avignon [PAR] L\'on y danse, l\'on y danse / We all dance there, we all dance there [PAR] Sur le pont d’Avignon / On the bridge of Avignon [PAR] L\'on y danse tous en rond / We all dance there in a ring [PAR] You can find more local travel ideas in the Vaucluse guide and the Provence guide . [PAR] See also: [PAR] Hotels in and near Avignon [PAR] Visit near Avignon Bridge with France This Way reviews[DOC] [TLE] World-Famous Bridge in Avignon France (Pont d\'Avignon)More [PAR] \xa0 [PAR] The world-famous bridge in Avignon France is officially called "Pont St. Benezet".\xa0 It is the subject of a very famous song that is known by children around the world entitled: " Sur le Pont d\'Avignon ". [PAR] The bridge, built in the 12th century, once spanned the beautiful Rhone River.\xa0 Much of it was washed away by flooding over the centuries, however, four of the original 22 arches still remain. [PAR] Pont St Benezet, Avignon France[DOC] [TLE] Pont d\'Avignon (Saint Bénezet) - Site Officiel de L\'Office ...Pont d\'Avignon (Saint Bénezet) - Site Officiel de L\'Office de Tourisme de la ville d\'Avignon [PAR]'}, 'question': {'What bridge, completed in the 12th century, is on the Rhone?'}}

['pont st benezet']

As a reading comprehension expert, you will receive context and question. Please understand the given Context first and then output the answer of the question based on the Context

{'context': {'[DOC] [TLE] Times Square Van -- Bomb Scare - YouTubeTimes Square Van -- Bomb Scare - YouTube [PAR] Times Square Van -- Bomb Scare [PAR] Want to watch this again later? [PAR] Sign in to add this video to a playlist. [PAR] Need to report the video? [PAR] Sign in to report inappropriate content. [PAR] The interactive transcript could not be loaded. [PAR] Loading... [PAR] Rating is available when the video has been rented. [PAR] This feature is not available right now. Please try again later. [PAR] Uploaded on Dec 30, 2009 [PAR] http://www.theinternetgateway.com/ [PAR] Times Square is a major intersection in Manhattan, a borough of New York City, at the junction of Broadway and Seventh Avenue and stretching from West 42nd to West 47th Streets. The Times Square area consists of the blocks between Sixth and Eighth Avenues from east to west, and West 40th and West 53rd Streets from south to north, making up the western part of the commercial area of Midtown Manhattan. [PAR] Formerly named Longacre Square, Times Square was renamed after the Times Building (now One Times Square) in April 1904. Times Square, sometimes known as the "Crossroads of the World," has achieved the status of an iconic world landmark and has become a symbol of New York City. Times Square is principally defined by its spectaculars, animated, digital advertisements. [PAR] The intersection of Broadway and 42nd Street, at the south-east corner of Times Square, is the Eastern Terminus of the Lincoln Highway, the first road across the United States of America. [PAR] Category[DOC] [TLE] New York - West Side Story | 05/12/2009: Hit 1.000 Faves ...New York - West Side Story | 05/12/2009: Hit 1.000 Faves. Th… | Flickr [PAR] New York - West Side Story [PAR] 05/12/2009: Hit 1.000 Faves. Thanks so much! [PAR] \xa0 [PAR] New York is such an amazing city! I\'ve never seen anything like the Times Square at night before. Really stunning! [PAR] \xa0 [PAR] Info: [PAR] \xa0 [PAR] New York City (officially The City of New York) is the largest city in the United States, with a metropolitan area that is among the largest urban areas in the world. The city serves as one of the world\'s primary global cities, exerting a powerful influence over worldwide commerce, finance, culture, and entertainment. [PAR] The city is also an important center for international affairs, hosting the headquarters of the United Nations. [PAR] Founded as a commercial trading post by the Dutch in 1624, it served as the capital of the United States from 1785 until 1790, and has been the nation\'s largest city since 1790. The Statue of Liberty greeted millions of immigrants as they came to America in the late 19th and early 20th centuries. Wall Street, in Lower Manhattan, has been a dominant global financial center since World War II and is home to the New York Stock Exchange. Today, the city has many renowned landmarks and neighborhoods that are world famous. The city has been home to several of the tallest buildings in the world, including the Empire State Building and the twin towers of the former World Trade Center. [PAR] \xa0 [PAR] New York is the birthplace of many cultural movements, including the Harlem Renaissance in literature and visual art, abstract expressionism (also known as the New York School) in painting, and hip hop, punk, salsa, disco and Tin Pan Alley in music. It is also the home of Broadway theater. [PAR] \xa0 [PAR] New York City is located in the Northeastern United States, in southeastern New York State, approximately halfway between Washington, D.C. and Boston [PAR] \xa0 [PAR] -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- [PAR] \xa0 [PAR] West Side Story is a musical with a book by Arthur Laurents, music by Leonard Bernstein, and lyrics by Stephen Sondheim. The musical\'s plot is based on William Shakespeare\'s Romeo and Juliet. [PAR] \xa0 [PAR] Set in New York in the mid-1950s, the musical explores the rivalry between two teenage gangs of different ethnic and cultural backgrounds. The young protagonist, Tony, who belongs to the Anglo gang (Jets), falls in love with Maria, the sister of the rival Puerto Rican gang\'s (Sharks) leader. The dark theme, sophisticated music,'}, 'question': {'Longacre Square, a major intersection in Manhattan, New York City, at the junction of Broadway and Seventh Avenue and stretching from West 42nd to West 47th Streets, has been known as what since April 1904?'}}

['times square' 'longacre square' 'times square shuffle']

As a reading comprehension expert, you will receive context and question. Please understand the given Context first and then output the answer of the question based on the Context

{'context': {'[DOC] [TLE] 7 Things You May Not Know About John Glenn and Friendship ...7 Things You May Not Know About John Glenn - History in the Headlines [PAR] 7 Things You May Not Know About John Glenn [PAR] December 8, 2016 By Barbara Maranzani [PAR] Share [PAR] HISTORY honors astronaut and former Ohio senator John Glenn, who died on December 8, 2016 at the age of 95. [PAR] Share this: [PAR] 7 Things You May Not Know About John Glenn [PAR] Author [PAR] 7 Things You May Not Know About John Glenn [PAR] URL [PAR] Google [PAR] On February 20, 1962, John H. Glenn became the third American in space and the first to orbit the Earth when he successfully completed three orbits aboard the space capsule “Friendship 7.” In the midst of Cold War tensions and amid the very real fear that the Soviet Union was winning the space race, Glenn’s accomplishment brought a sense of pride and relief to Americans and instantly made the 31-year-old Glenn a national hero. Glenn resigned from NASA in 1964, and was elected to the U.S. Senate in 1974, representing Ohio for 25 years. In October 1998, Senator Glenn returned to space at the age of 77 as a payload specialist aboard the space shuttle Discovery, making him the oldest person to fly in space. Glenn died on December 8, 2016, at the age of 95, following several years of declining health. [PAR] John Glenn was a star before joining the Mercury program. [PAR] John Glenn (Credit: NASA) [PAR] Glenn had fallen in love with flying at an early age, building model airplanes while growing up in Ohio. In 1941, Glenn discovered a U.S. Department of Commerce program looking for students to train as pilots. Just six months after he received his license, the Japanese bombed Pearl Harbor. Glenn initially enlisted in both the U.S. Army Air Corps and U.S. Navy aviation cadet program, but was eventually assigned to the U.S. Marine Corps. Glenn flew 59 missions in the South Pacific, where one of his wingmen was baseball legend Ted Williams. After serving in the Korean War, Glenn was appointed to a naval test pilot program, where he completed one of the world’s first supersonic transcontinental flights in 1957. Glenn received an enormous amount of publicity following this feat, which brought him to the attention of the NACA, the predecessor to NASA, who selected him to become one of the Mercury 7 astronauts. [PAR] John Glenn gave his space capsule it’s famous nickname. [PAR] Glenn inspecting the artwork design for “Friendship 7.” (Credit: NASA) [PAR] The official name for Glenn’s mission was Mercury-Atlas 6. “Mercury” for the mission program itself (named after the Roman god of speed), and “Atlas 6” to indicate that this was the 6th mission to use the newer, faster Atlas rocket as a launch vehicle. As was common practice among most pilots, the astronauts selected for the Mercury program often gave their capsules personal nicknames—Glenn asked his children for suggestions on what he should name the vessel before finally deciding on the word “Friendship” and adding the number “7” to honor his fellow Mercury members. [PAR] Glenn’s mission was delayed numerous times, leading to concern and anxiety. [PAR] Guenter Wendt, the original pad leader for NASA’s manned programs, coaxes a smile from Glenn after a postponement of the mission. (Credit: NASA) [PAR] Originally scheduled for December 1961 and then pushed to January 13, problems with the new Atlas rocket that would serve as the space capsule’s launching pad caused a two-week delay. On January 27, with television crews already set up to broadcast from both the launch site and Glenn’s home, where his wife, Annie, and his children were anxiously watching, poor weather conditions forced another postponement. When the mission was scrapped, the reporters, accompanied by none other than Vice President Lyndon Johnson, tried to gain access to Glenn’s home in hopes of interviewing his wife. Annie refused to speak to them, and when John heard about the pressure put on his wife, he backed her up, leading to a clash with government officials. The launch was delayed yet again on'}, 'question': {'How many orbits of the earth did John Glenn make in Mercury-Atlas 6 in 1962?'}}

['three']

As a reading comprehension expert, you will receive context and question. Please understand the given Context first and then output the answer of the question based on the Context

{'context': {'[DOC] [TLE] How did cobalt get its name? | Reference.comHow did cobalt get its name? | Reference.com [PAR] How did cobalt get its name? [PAR] A: [PAR] Quick Answer [PAR] The word "cobalt" comes from the German words "kobalt" and "kobold," meaning "goblin." Miners, who mined this metal, associated the element with this German word because there were superstitions concerning this particular material. In 1735, George Brandt discovered this element when he isolated it. [PAR] Full Answer [PAR] Although cobalt is not present in nature in pure form, there are some ores that contain it, including cobaltite and erythrite. The refining process of other metals, such as copper and silver, also produce cobalt as a byproduct. Some applications of cobalt are in electroplating, as an alloying agent and a coloring dye used in glass and paint. [PAR] Cobalt has the atomic number 27, and its atomic weight is 58.93 grams per mole. Cobalt-60 is a radioactive isotope of cobalt that is useful as a medical treatment for some types of cancer.[DOC] [TLE] Chemistry for Kids: Elements - Cobalt - DuckstersChemistry for Kids: Elements - Cobalt [PAR] Cobalt [PAR] 8.9 grams per cm cubed [PAR] Melting Point: [PAR] Discovered by: [PAR] George Brandt in 1735 [PAR] Cobalt is the first element in the ninth column of the periodic table. It is classified as a transition metal . Cobalt atoms have 27 electrons and 27 protons with 32 neutrons in the most abundant isotope. [PAR] Characteristics and Properties [PAR] Under standard conditions cobalt is a hard, brittle metal with a bluish-white color. It is one of the few elements that is naturally magnetic . It can be easily magnetized and maintains its magnetism at high temperatures. [PAR] Cobalt is only somewhat reactive. It reacts slowly with oxygen from the air. It forms many compounds with other elements such as cobalt(II) oxide, cobalt(II) fluoride, and cobalt sulfide. [PAR] Where is cobalt found on Earth? [PAR] Cobalt is not found as a free element, but is found in minerals in the Earth\'s crust. Cobalt ores include erythrite, cobaltite, skutterudite, and glaucodot. The majority of cobalt is mined in Africa and is a byproduct of the mining of other metals including nickel, copper, silver, lead, and iron. [PAR] How is cobalt used today? [PAR] Most of the cobalt that is mined is used in superalloys which are very resistant to corrosion and are stable at high temperatures. [PAR] Cobalt is also used as a blue coloring agent in paints, inks, glass, ceramics, and even cosmetics. [PAR] Other applications for cobalt include batteries, industrial catalysts, electroplating, and powerful magnets. [PAR] How was it discovered? [PAR] Cobalt was discovered by Swedish chemist George Brandt in 1735. He isolated the element and proved that it was the source of the color in blue glass which previously was thought to be from bismuth. [PAR] Cobalt compounds were used throughout ancient history by civilizations such as Ancient China and Rome to make blue glass and ceramics. [PAR] Cobalt is also important for animal life. The body uses it to create certain enzymes. It is also a component of the vitamin B12. [PAR] Where did cobalt get its name? [PAR] Cobalt gets its name from the German word "kobalt" which means "goblin." Miners gave cobalt ore this name as they were superstitious about mining the ore. [PAR] Isotopes [PAR] Cobalt only has one stable isotope that is found in nature: cobalt-59. [PAR] Oxidation States [PAR] Cobalt exists with oxidations states ranging from -3 to +4. The most common oxidation states are +2 and +3. [PAR] Interesting Facts about Cobalt [PAR] Cobalt was the first metal to be discovered since prehistoric times and the first metal with a recorded discoverer. [PAR] Cobalt-60 is used to create gamma rays which are used to treat cancer and to sterilize medical supplies. [PAR] Too much or too little cobalt in the body can cause health issues. [PAR] Small amounts of cobalt are sometimes used in fertilizers. [PAR] Most of the cobalt used in the United States is imported from other countries. [PAR] More on the Elements and the Periodic Table[DOC] [TLE] It\'s Elemental - The Element Cobalt - Science Education at ...It\'s Elemental - The Element'}, 'question': {'The element cobalt gets its name from the German word for what?'}}

['goblin']

As a reading comprehension expert, you will receive context and question. Please understand the given Context first and then output the answer of the question based on the Context

{'context': {"[DOC] [TLE] EurostarEurostar is a high-speed railway service connecting London with Avignon, Brussels, Lille, Lyon, Marseille and Paris. All its trains traverse the Channel Tunnel between the United Kingdom and France, owned and operated separately by Eurotunnel. [PAR] The London terminus is St Pancras International, with the other British calling points being Ebbsfleet International and Ashford International in Kent. Calling points in France are Calais-Fréthun and Lille-Europe, with trains to Paris terminating at Gare du Nord. Trains to Belgium terminate at Midi/Zuid station in Brussels. In addition, there are limited services from London to Disneyland Paris at Marne-la-Vallée – Chessy, services to southern France as of 1 May 2015 and seasonal services to the Alps in winter. [PAR] The service is operated by 27 eighteen-coach Class 373/1 trains which run at up to 300 km/h on a network of high-speed lines. The LGV Nord line in France opened before Eurostar services began in 1994, and newer lines enabling faster journeys were added later—HSL 1 in Belgium and High Speed 1 in southern England. The French and Belgian parts of the network are shared with Paris–Brussels Thalys services and also with TGV trains. In the United Kingdom the two-stage Channel Tunnel Rail Link project was completed on 14 November 2007 and renamed High Speed 1, when the London terminus of Eurostar transferred from Waterloo International to St Pancras International. [PAR] Eurostar was until 2010 operated jointly by the national railway companies of France and Belgium, SNCF and SNCB/NMBS, and Eurostar (UK) Ltd (EUKL), a subsidiary of London and Continental Railways (LCR), which also owned the high-speed infrastructure and stations on the British side. Eurostar has become the dominant operator on the routes that it operates, carrying more passengers than all airlines combined. Other operators have expressed an interest in starting competing services following deregulation in 2010. On 1 September 2010, Eurostar was incorporated as a single corporate entity called Eurostar International Limited (EIL), replacing the joint operation between EUKL, SNCF and SNCB/NMBS. EIL is owned by SNCF (55%), LCR (40%) and SNCB/NMBS (5%). [PAR] In June 2014, the UK shareholding in Eurostar International Limited was transferred from London and Continental Railways / Department for Transport to HM Treasury. In October 2014, it was announced that the UK government planned to raise £300 million by selling that stake. In March 2015, the UK government announced that it will be selling its 40% share to an Anglo-Canadian consortium. If the sale goes ahead, the ownership of Eurostar International will be SNCF (55%), (30%), Hermes Infrastructure (10%) and SNCB (5%). [PAR] History [PAR] Conception and planning [PAR] The history of Eurostar can be traced to the 1986 choice of a rail tunnel to provide a cross-channel link between Britain and France. [PAR] A previous attempt at constructing a tunnel between the two nations had begun in 1974, but was quickly aborted. In 1988 construction began on a new basis. Eurotunnel was created to manage and own the tunnel, which was finished in 1993, the official opening taking place in May 1994. [PAR] In addition to the tunnel's shuttle trains carrying cars and lorries between Folkestone and Calais, the decision to build a railway tunnel opened up the possibility of through passenger and freight train services between places further afield. British Rail and SNCF contracted with Eurotunnel to use half the tunnel's capacity for this purpose. In 1987 Britain, France and Belgium set up an International Project Group to specify a train to provide an international high-speed passenger service through the tunnel. France had been operating high-speed TGV services since 1981, and had begun construction of a new high-speed line between Paris and the Channel Tunnel, LGV Nord; French TGV technology was chosen as the basis for the new trains. An order for 30 trainsets, to be manufactured in France but with some British and Belgian components, was placed in December 1989. On 20 June 1993, the first Eurostar"}, 'question': {'"From 14 November 1994 when services began until 14 November 2007, from where did ""Eurostar"" trains leave London for Paris?"'}}

['waterloo']

As a reading comprehension expert, you will receive context and question. Please understand the given Context first and then output the answer of the question based on the Context

{'context': {'[DOC] [TLE] Elizabeth I of England - Biography of Elizabeth IElizabeth I of England Biography [PAR] By Robert Wilde [PAR] Summary of Elizabeth I: [PAR] Elizabeth I was Queen of England and Ireland from 1558 to 1603, the last of the Tudor monarchs . She never married and consciously styled herself as the Virgin Queen , wedded to the nation, and ruled over England during its “Golden Age”. She remains one of the world’s most famous and most highly regarded monarchs. [PAR] Childhood of Elizabeth I: [PAR] Elizabeth was born on September 7th 1533, the second daughter of King Henry VIII . Elizabeth was something of a disappointment for Henry, who had been hoping for a son to succeed him. Elizabeth was two when her mother, Anne Boleyn , fell from grace and was executed for treason and adultery; the marriage was declared invalid and Elizabeth declared illegitimate. Reports suggest the young girl noticed changing attitudes towards her. However, after Henry fathered a son Elizabeth was brought back into the line of succession, third behind Edward VI and Mary. She received an excellent education, proving very good at languages. [PAR] continue reading below our video [PAR] Profile: Elizabeth I of England [PAR] A Focal Point for Discontent: [PAR] Elizabeth’s position became very difficult under the rule of her siblings. She was first involved, without her knowing, in a plot by Thomas Seymour against Edward VI, and was questioned thoroughly; she remained composed and lived, but Seymour was executed. The situation worsened under the Catholic Mary I, with Elizabeth becoming the focal point for Protestant rebellions. At one point Elizabeth was locked up in the Tower of London, but remained calm throughout. With no evidence found against her, and Queen Mary’s husband viewing her as an asset for political marriage, she avoided execution and was released. [PAR] Elizabeth I becomes Queen: [PAR] Mary died on November 17 1558, and Elizabeth inherited the throne, the third and final of Henry VIII’s children to do so. Her procession into London and coronation were masterpieces of political statement and planning, and her accession was treated warmly by many in England who hoped for greater religious toleration. Elizabeth quickly assembled a Privy Council, albeit one smaller than Mary’s, and promoted a number of key advisors: one, William Cecil (later Lord Burghley), was appointed on November 17th and remained in her service for forty years. [PAR] The Marriage Question and Elizabeth I’s Image: [PAR] One of the first challenges to face Elizabeth was marriage. Advisors, government and the people were keen for her to marry and produce a Protestant heir, and to solve what was commonly considered a need for male guidance; Elizabeth, it appears, was not keen, preferring to maintain her single identity in order to retain her power as Queen and maintain her neutrality in European and factional English affairs. To this end, although she entertained offers of marriage from many European aristocrats to further diplomacy, and had romantic attachments to some British subjects, mainly Dudley, all were eventually turned down. [PAR] Elizabeth attacked the perceived problem of a woman ruling, one which had not been solved by Mary, by a carefully maintained display of royal power which built a new style of regal lordship in England. She partly relied on the old theory of the body politic, but partly created the image of herself as the Virgin Queen wedded to her kingdom, and her speeches made great use of romantic language, such as ‘love’, in defining her role. The campaign was entirely successful, cultivating and maintaining Elizabeth as one of England’s best loved monarchs. [PAR] Religion: [PAR] Elizabeth’s reign marked a change from Mary’s Catholicism and a return to the policies of Henry VIII , whereby the English monarch was head of a, largely Protestant, English church. The Act of Supremacy in 1559 began a process of gradual reform, effectively creating the Church of England. While all had to outwardly obey the new church, Elizabeth ensured a measure of relative toleration across the nation by allowing people to behave as they wished internally. This wasn’t enough for more extreme Protestants, and Elizabeth faced criticism from them. [PAR] Mary, Queen of Scots and Catholic Intrigue: [PAR]'}, 'question': {'Who was the mother of Queen Elizabeth I of England and Ireland?'}}

['anne boleyn']

As a reading comprehension expert, you will receive context and question. Please understand the given Context first and then output the answer of the question based on the Context

{'context': {'[DOC] [TLE] Conjunctivitis - American Optometric AssociationConjunctivitis [PAR] Conjunctivitis [PAR] Search our database of 28,204 Optometrists. [PAR] Show only InfantSEE® Providers [PAR] How is conjunctivitis treated? [PAR] Conjunctivitis is an inflammation or swelling of the conjunctiva. The conjunctiva is the thin transparent layer of tissue that lines the inner surface of the eyelid and covers the white part of the eye. [PAR] Often called "pink eye," conjunctivitis is a common eye disease, especially in children. It may affect one or both eyes. Some forms of conjunctivitis are highly contagious and can easily spread in schools and at home. While conjunctivitis is usually a minor eye infection, sometimes it can develop into a more serious problem. [PAR] A viral or bacterial infection can cause conjunctivitis. It can also develop due to an allergic reaction to air irritants such as pollen and smoke, chlorine in swimming pools, ingredients in cosmetics, or other products that contact the eyes, such as contact lenses. Sexually transmitted diseases like chlamydia and gonorrhea are less common causes of conjunctivitis. [PAR] People with conjunctivitis may experience the following symptoms: [PAR] A gritty feeling in one or both eyes [PAR] Itching or burning sensation in one or both eyes [PAR] Excessive tearing [PAR] Pink discoloration to the whites of one or both eyes [PAR] Increased sensitivity to light [PAR] What causes conjunctivitis? [PAR] There are three main types of conjunctivitis: allergic, infectious and chemical. The cause of conjunctivitis varies depending on the type. [PAR] Allergic Conjunctivitis [PAR] Allergic conjunctivitis occurs more commonly among people who already have seasonal allergies. They develop it when they come into contact with a substance that triggers an allergic reaction in their eyes. [PAR] Giant papillary conjunctivitis is a type of allergic conjunctivitis caused by the chronic presence of a foreign body in the eye. People who wear hard or rigid contact lenses, wear soft contact lenses that are not replaced frequently, have an exposed suture on the surface of the eye or have a prosthetic eye are more likely to develop this form of conjunctivitis. [PAR] Infectious Conjunctivitis [PAR] Bacterial conjunctivitis is an infection most often caused by staphylococcal or streptococcal bacteria from your own skin or respiratory system. Insects, physical contact with other people, poor hygiene (touching the eye with unclean hands), or using contaminated eye makeup and facial lotions can also cause the infection. Sharing makeup and wearing contact lenses that are not your own or are improperly cleaned can also cause bacterial conjunctivitis. [PAR] Viral conjunctivitis is most commonly caused by contagious viruses associated with the common cold. It can develop through exposure to the coughing or sneezing of someone with an upper respiratory tract infection. Viral conjunctivitis can also occur as the virus spreads along the body\'s own mucous membranes, which connect the lungs, throat, nose, tear ducts and conjunctiva. Since the tears drain into the nasal passageway, forceful nose blowing can cause a virus to move from your respiratory system to your eyes. [PAR] Ophthalmia neonatorum is a severe form of bacterial conjunctivitis that occurs in newborn babies. This is a serious condition that could lead to permanent eye damage if it is not treated immediately. Ophthalmia neonatorum occurs when an infant is exposed to chlamydia or gonorrhea while passing through the birth canal. For several years, U.S. delivery rooms have applied antibiotic ointment to babies\' eyes as a standard prophylactic treatment. [PAR] Chemical Conjunctivitis [PAR] Chemical Conjunctivitis can be caused by irritants like air pollution, chlorine in swimming pools, and exposure to noxious chemicals. [PAR] [back to top] [PAR] How is conjunctivitis diagnosed? [PAR] Conjunctivitis can be diagnosed through a comprehensive eye examination . Testing, with special emphasis on the conjunctiva and surrounding tissues, may include: [PAR] Patient history to determine the symptoms, when the symptoms began, and whether any general health or environmental conditions are contributing to the problem. [PAR] Visual acuity measurements to determine whether vision has been affected. [PAR] Evaluation of the conjunctiva and external eye tissue using bright light and magnification. [PAR] Evaluation of the inner structures of the eye to ensure that no other tissues are affected by the condition. [PAR] Supplemental testing, which may include taking cultures or smears of conjunctival tissue. This is particularly important in cases of chronic conjunctivitis or when the condition is not responding to treatment. [PAR] Using the information obtained from'}, 'question': {'What part of the body is affected by conjunctivitis?'}}

['eye' 'eyes']

As a reading comprehension expert, you will receive context and question. Please understand the given Context first and then output the answer of the question based on the Context

{'context': {"[DOC] [TLE] Absolute 0 | Article about Absolute 0 by The Free DictionaryAbsolute 0 | Article about Absolute 0 by The Free Dictionary [PAR] Absolute 0 | Article about Absolute 0 by The Free Dictionary [PAR] http://encyclopedia2.thefreedictionary.com/Absolute+0 [PAR] Related to Absolute 0: 0 K [PAR] absolute zero, [PAR] the zero point of the ideal gas temperature scale, denoted by 0 degrees on the Kelvin Kelvin temperature scale, [PAR] a temperature scale having an absolute zero below which temperatures do not exist. Absolute zero, or 0&degK;, is the temperature at which molecular energy is a minimum, and it corresponds to a temperature of −273. [PAR] ..... Click the link for more information. \xa0and Rankine Rankine temperature scale, [PAR] temperature scale having an absolute zero, below which temperatures do not exist, and using a degree of the same size as that used by the Fahrenheit temperature scale. [PAR] ..... Click the link for more information. \xa0temperature scales, which is equivalent to −273.15&degC; and −459.67&degF;. For most gases there is a linear relationship between temperature and pressure (see gas laws gas laws, [PAR] physical laws describing the behavior of a gas under various conditions of pressure, volume, and temperature. Experimental results indicate that all real gases behave in approximately the same manner, having their volume reduced by about the same proportion of the [PAR] ..... Click the link for more information. ), i.e., gases contract indefinitely as the temperature is decreased. Theoretically, at absolute zero the volume of an ideal gas would be zero and all molecular motion would cease. In actuality, all gases condense to solids or liquids well above this point. Although absolute zero cannot be reached, temperatures within a few billionths of a degree above absolute zero have been achieved in the laboratory. At such low temperatures, gases assume nontraditional states, the Bose-Einstein and fermionic condensates condensate, [PAR] matter in the form of a gas of atoms, molecules, or elementary particles that have been so chilled that their motion is virtually halted and as a consequence they lose their separate identities and merge into a single entity. [PAR] ..... Click the link for more information. . See also low-temperature physics low-temperature physics, [PAR] science concerned with the production and maintenance of temperatures much below normal, down to almost absolute zero, and with various phenomena that occur only at such temperatures. [PAR] ..... Click the link for more information. ; temperature temperature, [PAR] measure of the relative warmth or coolness of an object. Temperature is measured by means of a thermometer or other instrument having a scale calibrated in units called degrees. The size of a degree depends on the particular temperature scale being used. [PAR] ..... Click the link for more information. . [PAR] Absolute zero [PAR] The temperature at which an ideal gas would exert no pressure. The Kelvin scale of temperatures is defined in terms of the triple point of water, T3 = 273.16° (where the solid, liquid, and vapor phases coexist), and absolute zero. Temperature is measured most simply via the constant-volume ideal-gas thermometer, in which a small amount of gas is introduced (in order to limit the effect of interactions between molecules) and then sealed off, and the gas pressure P referenced to its value at the triple point P(T3) is measured. The ideal-gas law applies if the molecules in a gas exert no forces on one another and if they are not attracted to the walls. Absolute zero is the temperature at which the pressure of a truly ideal gas would vanish. See Temperature measurement [PAR] According to classical physics, all motion would cease at absolute zero; however, the quantum-mechanical uncertainty principle requires that there be a small amount of residual motion (zero-point motion) even at absolute zero. See Kinetic theory of matter , Uncertainty principle [PAR] Temperature can also be defined from the Boltzmann distribution. If a collection of spin-1/2 magnetic ions is placed in a magnetic field, the ratio of the occupancy of the lower to the higher energy state is given by the equation below. [PAR] Here k is Boltzmann's constant, ΔE is the magnitude of the difference in energy between the states, and T is the Kelvin temperature. Thus, at"}, 'question': {'What temperature scale is referenced to absolute zero (i.e. where there is the theoretical absence of all thermal energy)?'}}

['kelvin']

As a reading comprehension expert, you will receive context and question. Please understand the given Context first and then output the answer of the question based on the Context

{'context': {"[DOC] [TLE] Fibromyalgia: Pain, Causes, Symptoms & Treatment ...Fibromyalgia: Pain, Causes, Symptoms & Treatment - Disabled World [PAR] Fibromyalgia: Pain, Causes, Symptoms & Treatment [PAR] Synopsis: Information on Fibromyalgia or Myalgic Encephalopathy a chronic condition with symptoms of hurting and pain all over the body plus feeling constantly exhausted. [PAR] About Fibromyalgia [PAR] Fibromyalgia (FM or FMS) is characterized by chronic widespread pain and a heightened and painful response to pressure. Fibromyalgia symptoms are not restricted to pain, leading to the use of the alternative term fibromyalgia syndrome for the condition. Other symptoms include debilitating fatigue, sleep disturbance, and joint stiffness. Scientists estimate that fibromyalgia affects 5 million Americans age 18 or older. For unknown reasons, between 80 and 90 percent of those diagnosed with fibromyalgia are women; however, men and children also can be affected. Researchers believe that fibromyalgia amplifies painful sensations by affecting the way your brain processes pain signals. Many people who have fibromyalgia also have tension headaches, temporomandibular joint (TMJ) disorders, irritable bowel syndrome, anxiety and depression. [PAR] Main Document [PAR] Defining Fibromyalgia or Myalgic Encephalopathy [PAR] Fibromyalgia is a chronic condition and people with it often describe symptoms of hurting all over their body and feeling consistently exhausted. Doctors who examine people with Fibromyalgia many times cannot find anything that is specifically wrong, even after a number of tests. [PAR] People with Fibromyalgia experience pain in their tendons and ligaments, along with tender points throughout their body along with fatigue. Even slight pressure on tender points can cause pain. More women than men have Fibromyalgia, which has been known as, 'chronic muscle pain,' psychogenic rheumatism,' 'tension myalgias,' and, 'fibrositis,' in the past. Fibromyalgia has symptoms that vary in intensity and will most likely never disappear entirely, although Fibromyalgia itself isn't life-threatening or progressive. There are forms of treatment and self-care methods that can be taken to improve the symptoms of Fibromyalgia, as well as your overall health. [PAR] What is Myalgic Encephalopathy [PAR] In the United States, advocates are working to have the name of CFS officially changed to ME/CFS due to the widespread belief that the name CFS trivializes the condition and leads to mis-perceptions of it. Several countries currently call the condition myalgic encephalomyelitis, ME/CFS or CFS/ME. Some experts use the terms interchangeably, while others consider one a subgroup of the other. ME or Myalgic Encephalopathy is a condition which causes the sufferer muscle and joint pain, chronic physical and/or mental exhaustion, cognitive dysfunction, digestive problems, depression, as well as the possibility of breathing and heart problems. Myalgic Encephalopathy may cause a person's social life to be affected, and in many cases, the ME (Myalgic Encephalopathy) sufferer may find that they cannot maintain a full social life at all. Some ME (Myalgic Encephalopathy) sufferers may become bedridden, dependent on others, and often completely housebound, often for a long period of time. [PAR] Symptoms of Fibromyalgia [PAR] Stress, the weather , physical activity levels, and even the time of day can affect the symptoms that people experience related to Fibromyalgia. There are a number of different symptoms that people with Fibromyalgia experience; these include: [PAR] Facial Pain and Headaches: Facial Pain and Headaches in association with Fibromyalgia present symptoms such as stiffness or tenderness in the shoulders or neck. Persons with Fibromyalgia may also experience Temoromandibular Joint Dysfunction (TMJ), a condition that affects the jaw and the muscles that surround it. [PAR] Pain Throughout the Body: One of the characteristics of Fibromyalgia is pain in the body which, when even slight pressure is applied, cause pain. The pain can affect areas of the body in the upper neck and back, the back of the head, chest, elbows, knees and hips. The pain is usually followed with stiffness and may continue for months at a time. [PAR] Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS): Diarrhea, Constipation, Abdominal Pain and Bloating are symptoms of IBS. Persons who have Fibromyalgia often experience Irritable Bowel Syndrome as well. [PAR] Sleep Disturbances and Fatigue: Despite getting plenty of sleep, people with Fibromyalgia many times wake up"}, 'question': {'Myalgic pain affects which part of the body?'}}

['muscles' 'muscle']

As a reading comprehension expert, you will receive context and question. Please understand the given Context first and then output the answer of the question based on the Context

{'context': {'[DOC] [TLE] Liz Hurley News | Quotes | Wiki - UPI.comLiz Hurley News | Quotes | Wiki - UPI.com [PAR] Liz Hurley News [PAR] Next [PAR] Wiki [PAR] Elizabeth Jane Hurley (born 10 June 1965) is an English model and actress who became known as a girlfriend of Hugh Grant in the 1990s. In 1994, as Grant became the focus of worldwide media attention due to the global box office success of his film Four Weddings and a Funeral, Hurley accompanied him to the film\'s Los Angeles premiere in a plunging black Versace dress held together with gold safety pins, which gained her instant media attention. [PAR] Hurley has been associated with the cosmetics company Estée Lauder for over fifteen years since the company awarded Hurley her first modelling job at the age of 29. They have featured her as a representative and model for its products, especially perfumes such as Sensuous, Intuition, and Pleasures, since 1995. As an actress, her best known cinematic works to date have been as Vanessa Kensington in Mike Myers\' hit spy comedies, Austin Powers: International Man of Mystery (1997) and as the Devil in Bedazzled (2000). Hurley currently owns an eponymous beachwear line. [PAR] Hurley was born in Basingstoke, Hampshire, the younger daughter of Angela Mary (née Titt) and Roy Leonard Hurley. Her father was a Major in the British Army; her Anglican mother was a teacher at Kempshott Infant School. She has an older sister, Kate, and a younger brother, Michael James Hurley. Hurley was educated at local schools including Kempshott Infant School, Kempshott Junior School, and the Harriet Costello School. Aspiring to be a dancer as a young girl, she took ballet classes and later briefly studied dance and theatre at the London Studio Centre. While in her teens, she became involved with punk fashion, dying her hair pink and piercing her nose. "When I was 16 – this was about 1981, 1982 – the thing to be in Basingstoke, the suburb I grew up in, was punk," she explained. She also reportedly associated with the New Age Travellers in her youth. [PAR] This article is licensed under the GNU Free Documentation License . [PAR] It uses material from the Wikipedia article " Liz Hurley ." [PAR] Quotes[DOC] [TLE] Elizabeth HurleyElizabeth Jane "Liz" Hurley (born 10 June 1965) is an English actress and model. She has been associated with the cosmetics company Estée Lauder since the company gave Hurley her first modelling job at the age of 29. It has featured her as a representative and model for its products, especially perfumes such as Sensuous, Intuition, and Pleasures, since 1995. Hurley owns an eponymous beachwear line. [PAR] As an actress, her best-known film roles to date have been as Vanessa Kensington in Mike Myers\' hit spy comedy, Austin Powers: International Man of Mystery (1997) and as the Devil in Bedazzled (2000). [PAR] In the 1990s, Hurley became known as the girlfriend of Hugh Grant. In 1994, as Grant became the focus of international media attention due to the success of his film Four Weddings and a Funeral, Hurley accompanied him to the film\'s Los Angeles premiere in a plunging black Versace dress held together with gold safety pins, which gained her instant media attention. [PAR] Early life [PAR] Elizabeth Hurley was born on 10 June 1965 in Basingstoke, Hampshire, as the younger daughter of Angela Mary (née Titt) and Roy Leonard Hurley. Her father was a major in the Royal Army Educational Corps; her mother was a teacher at Kempshott Junior School. She has an older sister, Kathleen (\'Kate\'), and a younger brother, Michael James Hurley. [PAR] Aspiring to be a dancer as a young girl, she took ballet classes and later briefly studied dance and theatre at the London Studio Centre. Hurley attended Harriet Costello School in Basingstoke, and while in her teens she became involved with punk fashion, dyeing her hair pink and piercing her nose. "When I was 16 – this was about 1981, 1982 – the thing to be in Basingstoke, the suburb I grew up in, was'}, 'question': {'"Which company designed the ""safety pin dress"" worn by Liz Hurley to a 1994 Los Angeles film premiere?"'}}

['versace']

As a reading comprehension expert, you will receive context and question. Please understand the given Context first and then output the answer of the question based on the Context

{'context': {"[DOC] [TLE] Military commanders: Horatio Nelson - Changing MindsMilitary commanders: Horatio Nelson [PAR] Early years | In battle | With sailors | [PAR] \xa0 [PAR] Horatio Nelson (1758 - 1804) was one of 11 children of Norfolk cleric, but received the best education his father could afford. [PAR] Early years [PAR] He was inspired early on by uncle who was a naval captain and went to sea in 1771 at the age of 13 with his uncle to defend the Falkland Islands against the Spanish. After this early adventure, he learned seaman ship from the ground up on merchant vessels, including trips to Caribbean and the Arctic. [PAR] He joined Royal Navy in 1776 and showed early courage in capturing a US ship in a gale. He was promoted to captain and then post-captain at the age of 20. [PAR] After the war, he got post escorting Prince William (later King William IV). William said of him: 'Captain Nelson ... appeared to be the merest boy of a Captain I [PAR] ever beheld. ... There was something irresistibly pleasing in his address and conversations; and an enthusiasm, when speaking on professional subjects, that showed he was no common being.' [PAR] In battle [PAR] He was courageous in battle and would even ignore orders if he believed they were too timid. He distinguished himself in the Mediterranean in 1797, taking Corsica and ramming/boarding a Spaniard ship during a skirmish. A fellow officer described his leaving the line to attack the [PAR] Spaniard as 'a piece of individual initiative...unsurpassed in [PAR] Naval history.' [PAR] He was injured more than once. Leading a landing at Tenerife, his right arm was hit and had to be amputated at the shoulder. In another battle, his eye was damaged by sand from sandbag nearby that was hit by a cannonball. [PAR] As a result, he was knighted and made rear-admiral. In 1801 he took Copenhagen after ignoring orders to leave off action, where he famously put his telescope to his blind eye and declared 'I have only one eye. I have a right to be blind sometimes. I really do not see the signal.' [PAR] He was endlessly tenacious and blockaded Toulon for 18 months, sailing up and down outside. When Villeneuve escaped, he followed him all the way to the Caribbean. [PAR] In the Battle of the Nile, bold action caught the French by surprise. He was grazed on the forehead and exclaimed 'I am killed, remember me to my wife.' (He understood drama and this normal melodramatic approach). [PAR] At Trafalgar, where his bold strategy led to the British overcoming a far superior force, he stayed on deck in full uniform in order to motivate his sailors, and was picked off by a sniper. [PAR] With sailors [PAR] Having worked his way through the ranks, he respected the ordinary ratings, This time below decks also gave him credibility and ability to talk detail. [PAR] He looked after his crews and was well liked for this as he ensured troops were well-fed and watered. He also fought for prompt payment of wages, improved hospital treatment and better pensions. [PAR] He trusted his captains, after thoroughly briefing them in the overall strategy, he let them have their heads. [PAR] He was not soft, though. For example, on the way to Trafalgar, he had five men flogged. [PAR] At home [PAR] In between wars he was mostly pensioned off on 1/2 pay and absolutely hated it. In 1793 France declared war and in 1796 Spain joined in. In 1801 Scandinavia and Russia threatened to join in too, making his rest periods thankfully short. [PAR] With his exploits, he became a national hero. Easily recognized, he was feted wherever he went. He spent much time with his mistress, Lady Hamilton, whose ever-suffering husband accepted the relationship. [PAR] On his death there was national mourning. And a huge procession to his burial in St. Paul's. Today he stands atop the huge column in Trafalgar Square, London. [PAR] Critical factors [PAR] He was very courageous and would break rules and"}, 'question': {'Who famously put his telescope to his blind eye to ignore the orders of his superiors at the Battle of Copenhagen?'}}

['horatio nelson']

As a reading comprehension expert, you will receive context and question. Please understand the given Context first and then output the answer of the question based on the Context

{'context': {'[DOC] [TLE] Manny Pacquiao No.1Boxer in the world - blogspotManny Pacquiao No.1Boxer in the world [PAR] Manny Pacquiao No.1Boxer in the world [PAR] Manny Pacquiao [PAR] Manny Pacquiao and Freddie Roach [PAR] Manny Pacquiao [PAR] Manny “PacMan” Pacquiao can be described in three words: [PAR] The man, who refuses to surrender to poverty. [PAR] The man, who uses great confidence in God as key weapons in the success. [PAR] The man, who may eventually become a prominent politician and businessman. [PAR] The man who refuses to surrender to poverty. [PAR] “When I am in the ring I am also fighting for my people. I want to make my country proud and make my fans happy. It is very important to me because my country is important to me. That is why I must win.” [PAR] - Manny Pacquiao, on his Philippino heritage. [PAR] Growing Up [PAR] Emmanuel Dapigran Pacquiao was born December 17, 1978, in Bukidnon, Midanao, Philippines. The second of four children, he became the man of the house shortly after his father left the family while Manny Pacquiao was still in grade school. Faced with few other options, Manny Pacquiao entered the workforce: At first he sold bread in local neighborhoods and later he engaged in street fighting for small purses. [PAR] Living in Manila, away from home for the first time and 15 years old, Manny Pacquiao worked in construction during the day and trained ferociously at night. The combination of those two activities transformed him into a sleek, fighting machine. One year later, in 1995, Manny Pacquiao began boxing professionally at a slender 106 pounds. [PAR] On His Fighting Record [PAR] He is the former WBC lightweight world champion, WBC super featherweight world champion, IBF super bantamweight world champion, and WBC flyweight world champion. He is currently the IBO and Ring Magazine light welterweight champion, and is rated by Ring Magazine as the #1 pound-for-pound boxer in the world. [PAR] He has also held the Ring Magazine titles for featherweight and super featherweight divisions. For his achievements, Pacquiao became the first Filipino and Asian boxer to win five world titles in five different weight divisions. In addition, he is the first boxer to win the lineal championship in four different weight classes. Aside from being a boxer, Pacquiao has participated in politics, acting, filmmaking, and music recording. [PAR] Watching him fight is absolutely beautiful.[DOC] [TLE] Learn and talk about List of boxing septuple champions ...Learn and talk about List of boxing septuple champions, Lists of boxers, World boxing champions [PAR] The Ring[ edit ] [PAR] The Ring , boxing\'s most respected magazine that was founded in 1922, has its own version of lineal championship and began awarding championship belts in 1922. The Lineal Champion is also known as the true champion of the division. The Ring Champion holds the linear reign to the throne, the man who beat the man. The Ring stopped giving belts to world champions in the 1990s but began again in 2002. [PAR] In 2002, The Ring attempted to clear up the confusion regarding world champions by creating a championship policy. It echoed many critics\' arguments that the sanctioning bodies in charge of boxing championships had undermined the sport by pitting undeserving contenders against undeserving "champions", and forcing the boxing public to see mismatches for so-called "world championships". The Ring attempted to clear up the confusion regarding world champions by creating a championship policy that is "intended to reward fighters who, by satisfying rigid criteria, can justify a claim as the true and only world champion in a given weight class." The Ring claims to be more authoritative and open than the sanctioning bodies\' rankings, with a page devoted to full explanations for ranking changes. A fighter pays no sanctioning fees to defend or fight for the title at stake, contrary to practices of the sanctioning bodies. Furthermore, a fighter cannot be stripped of the title unless he loses, decides to move to a different weight division, or retires. [PAR] There are currently only two ways that a boxer can win The Ring\'s'}, 'question': {'On 13 November 2010, who became the first boxer to win world titles in eight different weight divisions and the first boxer to win the lineal championship in four different weight classes?'}}

['manny pacquiao' 'manny pacquaio' 'pambansang kamao' 'pacquiao']

As a reading comprehension expert, you will receive context and question. Please understand the given Context first and then output the answer of the question based on the Context

{'context': {"[DOC] [TLE] Maracana Stadium Tickets - Event Schedule - Seating Chart ...Maracana Stadium Tickets - 2017 Event Schedule - Preferred Seating [PAR] Maracana Stadium Tickets [PAR] Home > Venue Tickets > Maracana Stadium [PAR] Maracana Stadium Tickets - Events - Seating [PAR] Find the Maracana Stadium event schedule and lock some of the best Maracana Stadium tickets to the seats of your choice at PreferredSeat.com. [PAR] The Maracana Stadium event schedule is updated often. Follow the ticket link to the Maracana Stadium seating chart and a listing of seats currently available. [PAR] The price you see is the price you pay. There are No Hidden Fees! [PAR] All tickets for the Maracana Stadium are backed by our 100% Guarantee. [PAR] Date [PAR] Ticket currently unavailable. Bookmark this page and come back soon! [PAR] Maracana Stadium Ticket Information [PAR] You can find an up-to-date schedule of events coming to the Maracana Stadium this year listed above along with tickets for most Maracana Stadium concerts, sports, family or theater events. Occasionally we may be temporarily sold out or the tickets you are looking for may not be on sale yet, so bookmark this page and check back often for updates. [PAR] The Maracana Stadium Seating Chart [PAR] Our Maracana Stadium seating diagram is generally accurate for each event coming to the Maracana Stadium. If the exact seat numbers are not shown or you have questions about the seating at Maracana Stadium then please call 800 427-3914 for help from our customer service representatives. [PAR] Buying Maracana Stadium Tickets [PAR] Tickets for events at the Maracana Stadium in Rio de Janeiro can be purchased online or call our sales representatives to charge by phone. There are never any hidden service charges added to the Maracana Stadium ticket prices you see and all sales are final. There are no refunds or exchanges unless the event cancels. In a case of a postponed show, please hold onto your tickets for the rescheduled show date. [PAR] The Maracana Stadium Box Office [PAR] Preferred Seating Tickets is not associated with the Maracana Stadium box office. We buy and sell hard to get and sold out tickets including seats in the front rows near the stage. Service fees are included in all ticket prices for the Maracana Stadium events. Some events may be priced below the printed price of the ticket or many times the face value depending on the supply and demand. [PAR] Maracana Stadium Seating [PAR] Click on the Maracana Stadium tickets link to the event you want and you'll find the seats available for that event as well as a detailed seating map for Maracana Stadium. Preferred Seating Tickets has some of the best seats for Maracana Stadium events in most seat locations. [PAR] Maracana Stadium Tickets [PAR] Event tickets for the Maracana Stadium can be purchased online or charge by phone. All seats are seated together. [PAR] Why Preferred Seating[DOC] [TLE] Maracana Stadium Events - Destination360Maracana Stadium - Maracana Stadium Events [PAR] Maracana Stadium [PAR] Vacations [PAR] Share [PAR] Maracana Stadium is one of the most well-known soccer venues in the entire world. Built in time to host the World Cup in 1950, this stadium in Rio de Janeiro has seen more than its fair share of big time matches. Unfortunately for Brazil soccer fans, the 1950 World Cup saw the nation's beloved national team lose to then rival Uruguay at the Maracana Stadium. This incident, if you will, is still looked upon with disdain by Brazilians, though the national team would rebound nicely, capturing a handful of World Cups in the following decades. [PAR] Maracana Stadium [PAR] These days, the Estadio do Maracana, as it is known in Portuguese, still hosts major soccer matches, the bulk of which are played by the main teams in Rio, but those aren't the only events that you can attend. Other Maracana Stadium events include other sports competitions, such as volleyball games, and more than one big ticket performer has put on a big concert there. Past musical Maracana Stadium events include a 1983 concert by KISS, a 1980 performance by Frank Sinatra, and a few concert festivals that featured an array of popular artists, to name a few. In 2014, it is worth noting, the Estadio do Maracana will play host to more World Cup games, as Brazil is the host country, and in 2016"}, 'question': {'Where is the 82,000 seat Maracana Stadium?'}}

['rio de janeiro']

As a reading comprehension expert, you will receive context and question. Please understand the given Context first and then output the answer of the question based on the Context

{'context': {'[DOC] [TLE] LEARN A LITTLE ABOUT TIBET - UMass AmherstLEARN A LITTLE ABOUT TIBET [PAR] Early History | The Invasion of Tibet | Present Situtation [PAR] Until 1949, Tibet was an independent Buddhist nation in the Himalayas which had little contact with the rest of the world. It existed as a rich cultural storehouse of the Mahayana and Vajrayana teachings of Buddhism. Religion was a unifying theme among the Tibetans -- as was their own language, literature, art, and world view developed by living at high altitudes, under harsh conditions, in a balance with their environment.\xa0 [PAR] The Dalai Lama, an individual said to be an incarnation of the Buddha of Compassion, had been both the political and spiritual leader of the country. The current Dalai Lama (the 14th) was only 24 years old when this all came to an end in 1959. The Communist Chinese invasion in 1950 led to years of turmoil, that culminated in the complete overthrow of the Tibetan Government and the self-imposed exile of the Dalai Lama and 100,000 Tibetans in 1959.\xa0 [PAR] Since that time over a million Tibetans have been killed. With the Chinese policy of resettlement of Chinese to Tibet, Tibetans have become a minority in their own country. Chinese is the official language. Compared to pre-1959 levels, only 1/20 monks are still allowed to practice, under the government\'s watch. Up to 6,000 monasteries and shrines have been destroyed. Famines have appeared for the first time in recorded history, natural resources are devastated, and wildlife depleted to extinction. Tibetan culture comes close to being eradicated there.\xa0 [PAR] Peaceful demonstrations/protests/speech/writings by nuns, monks, and Tibetan laypeople have resulted in deaths and thousands of arrests. These political prisoners are tortured and held in sub-standard conditions, with little hope of justice. Unless we can all take part and recognize Tibet\'s loss as our own, the future looks grim.\xa0 [PAR] Some Startling Facts\xa0 [PAR] 1. The peaceful buddhist country of Tibet was invaded by Communists China in 1949. Since that time, over 1.2 million out of 6 Tibetans have been killed, over 6000 monastaries have been destroyed, and thousands of TIbetans have been imprisoned.\xa0 [PAR] 2. In Tibet today, there is no freedom of speech, religion, or press and arbitrary dissidents continue.\xa0 [PAR] 3. The Dalai Lama, Tibet\'s political and spiritual leader, fled to India in 1959. He now lives among over 100,000 other Tibetan refugees and their government in exile.\xa0 [PAR] 4. Forced abortion, sterilization of Tibetan women and the transfer of low income Chinese citizens threaten the survival of Tibet\'s unique culture. In some Tibetan provinces, Chinese settlers outnumber Tibetans 7 to 1.\xa0 [PAR] 5. Within China itself, massive human rights abuses continue. It is estimated that there up to twenty million Chinese citizens working in prison camps.\xa0 [PAR] 6. Most of the Tibetan plataeu lies above 14,000 feet. Tibet is the source of five of Asia\'s greatest rivers, which over 2 billion people depend upon. Since 1959, the Chinese government estimates that they have removed over $54 billion worth of timber. Over 80% of their forests have been destroyed, and large amoutns nuclear and toxic waste have been disposed of in Tibet.\xa0 [PAR] 7. Despite these facts and figures, the US government and US corporations continue to support China economically. This shows their blatant lack of respect for these critical issues of political and religious freedom and human rights.\xa0 [PAR] Yes, things are bad, but you may still ask, why Tibet? There are hundreds of other countries in which equal or worse environmental and human rights devistation has occured. Why Tibet? Tibet can be used as the catalyst for change in human rights, womens rights, political, religious and cultural freedom across the globe. Through a concerted effort, the citizens of Earth can stand up and say "NO!" to the corporations and governments that continue to abuse it\'s people and misuse it\'s resources. The struggles in Tibet are symbolic for every human rights struggle. Please, get involved. There is only a limited time left until there will longer be a Tibet to'}, 'question': {'The Dalai Lama fled Tibet in 1959 due to its occupation by troops from what country?'}}

['china']

As a reading comprehension expert, you will receive context and question. Please understand the given Context first and then output the answer of the question based on the Context

{'context': {'[DOC] [TLE] Katherine travel guide - WikitravelKatherine travel guide - Wikitravel [PAR] Understand[ edit ] [PAR] Katherine is the third largest settlement in the Northern Territory around 300km south from Darwin . It has a population of around 10,000, and is significant regional and tourism centre. The township is on the banks of the Katherine River, which flows down from the world-renowned Katherine Gorge (Nitmiluk National Park). Katherine Gorge drawn large numbers of visitors in the peak (dry) season. [PAR] Despite being number three in the state, the town is small and consists of a single main street. On weekends expect to find the majority of the stores closed. [PAR] It is a relatively remote destination with abundant waterways including gorges, rivers waterfalls and the ocean. It\'s these characteristics that attract an influx of adventure seekers all year round. [PAR] Its most well-known watercourse is the Katherine River, which flows through the famous Katherine Gorge. The Gorge, 30km from the town of Katherine, within the Nitmiluk National Park, is actually 13 separate gorges connected over a stretch of 12km by rapids and rocky terrain. [PAR] This is an adventure playground for visitors who canoe, camp, bushwalk, and helicopter their way around the Park. Further downstream, extended canoe trips with overnight camping in the peaceful bush is the best way to experience the Katherine River - a serene water way that supports a rich eco-system of native animals and birds. [PAR] Bushwalkers are well catered for in Katherine with over 100km of walking trails in the Nitmiluk National Park alone, ranging from half to five-day treks. One of the most famous is the Jatbula Trail - a challenging four to six-day, 58-kilometre bushwalk from Katherine Gorge to Edith Falls that takes in diverse scenery, plunging waterfalls and Aboriginal rock art. [PAR] The region\'s other big rivers provide opportunities for serious fishing adventure. The Daly, Roper, Victoria and McArthur Rivers are prime barramundi haunts, and anglers can bring their own boat, hire one or join a guided safari to add landing a big barra to their list of conquests. [PAR] Get in[ edit ] [PAR] The quickest way to access Katherine is to fly in to Darwin, hire a car and drive south down the Stuart Highway. [PAR] By car[ edit ] [PAR] Katherine is around 3 hours drive and around 300 km south of Darwin. All cars rented direct from the rental companies in Darwin will have per day kilometre restrictions. Unlimited kilometres rentals are unheard of in Darwin unless hiring a campervan. [PAR] Unlimited kilometre car hire rentals can be obtained by booking through travel wholesalers such as Territory Discoveries and Flight Centre which makes car hire much more affordable. Be careful though, if you are just booking through a consolidator, rather than a wholesaler, the kilometre restrictions will definitely apply. [PAR] By bus[ edit ] [PAR] Greyhound bus services Katherine. Their office is located at BP Travel North on Katherine Terrace. [PAR] The "Katherine to Darwin Minibus Service" runs daily starting at $65 per passenger.This is their number 0432270801. [PAR] By train[ edit ] [PAR] The Ghan [1] train travels north twice weekly to Darwin from Adelaide via Katherine, and is one of Australia\'s most spectacular rail trips. The train stops for a few hours in Katherine, and there are a selection of off train tours that you can do. These are organised on the train when it is arriving into Katherine. [PAR] By plane[ edit ] [PAR] Just south of Katherine is the Tindal Airforce Base. This is also the airport for Katherine, Air North fly three times a week to Katherine (Mon, Wed, Fri) from Darwin, Alice Springs and Tenant Creek. You can also charter an aircraft into and out of Katherine. [PAR] Darwin International Airport [2] is the closest schedueled flight airport to Katherine. [PAR] Airborne Solutions [3] phone - +61 (8) 8972 2345, fax - +61 (8) 8972 2535 prices range from $920-2320 [PAR] Get around[ edit ] [PAR] The best way to get around Katherine is by car as most of the attractions'}, 'question': {'In which state of Australia would you find the area known as the Katherine Region?'}}

['northern territory']

As a reading comprehension expert, you will receive context and question. Please understand the given Context first and then output the answer of the question based on the Context

{'context': {'[DOC] [TLE] Top 10 Largest Producers of Rice in the World | Countries ...Top 10 Largest Producers of Rice in the World | Countries with Highest Rice Production [PAR] Posted by Amir [PAR] Top 10 Largest Producers of Rice in the World [PAR] Rice is known as healthiest foods in the world which carry priceless health benefits. The production of the most largely consumed food has increased steadily over the decade. Largest producers are mostly developing countries where it is used as staple consequently their own production hardly meet their own domestic demands and nothing left for export. World’s most consumed staple food is cultivated in Asian countries which are not only largest producer but also largest exporter of rice in the world , not only known for quantity but for quality as well. World’s best quality rice is produced on the rich fertile soil of Asia where people earn their livelihood from rice production. [PAR] Farm productivity plays an important role in country’s production. India has world’s largest farm of rice but its productivity is half of china’s farm productivity so farming knowledge and technology need to be adopted by Indian farmer to become the largest producer. FAO study claims that post-harvest problems and poor infrastructure results in 8% to 26% annual decrease of rice output in developing countries which account for 95% of the total production whereas two largest producer, China and India contribute to nearly half of the world production. Here we have list of list of top ten countries with world’s highest production [PAR] List of Top 10 Largest producers with Most Rice Production in the World [PAR] Rank[DOC] [TLE] Top 10 Rice Producing Countries in the WorldTop 10 Rice Producing Countries in the World [PAR] Top 10 Rice Producing Countries in the World [PAR] Top 10 Rice Producing Countries in the World [PAR] Pinterest0 [PAR] Rice is the most widely consumed staple food as compared to the other eatable commodities\xa0in the world that\xa0is used by the largest proportion of world’s overall population. Major part of its production is used in the Asian Countries because its consumption rate is reported highest in Asia Continent. It is the second highest used maze crop in the world. It was introduced to the European countries by Western Asia. There are abundant varieties of rice with diverse qualities and popularity. Asia is considered the homeland for the maximum varieties of this staple food.\xa0Asia\xa0produces more varieties than other cultivators around the globe. Basmati, Sticky and Jasmine are the most famous and\xa0widely consumed\xa0types of rice in the world. Did you know which country produces most rice in the world? Here is the list of Top 10 Rice Producing Countries in the World as per latest facts and figures. [PAR] Rice Cultivation [PAR] Two things are considered most important during its cultivation; the first one is highest rain fall, while the second thing is low labor cost. This is why because it is labor intensive and requires a huge quantity of water for the highest output. The most ordinary method for its cultivation is flooding the areas after seeding . There are a large number of countries with heavy amount of its output.\xa0 In this article we have listed the top 10 largest producers of rice in the world. Below is the list of rice production by country. [PAR] List of Top 10 Rice Producing Countries in the World [PAR] Rank [PAR] 7500 [PAR] Note : All Annual Yields are given in one thousand metric ton. [PAR] Did you know Which is the largest producer and the largest exporter of rice in the world ? [PAR] Best Answer : This crop is cultivated almost all over the world, but China is the Largest Rice producing Country around the globe. It has 33% share in the world’s overall rice production. [PAR] While [PAR] Thailand is the largest Rice exporting country around the globe. Due to the highest consumption, its largest output is exported over the other countries, following image shows a report of Rice Exporting Countries and their annual exports are given in the image.This image indicates the Thailand with highest exports in the world. [PAR] Never Miss :[DOC] [TLE] Countries With Most Rice Producing Countries - World Top TenCountries With Most Rice Producing Countries - World Top Ten [PAR] Disclaimer [PAR] Close [PAR] Disclaimer : All efforts have been made to make this image accurate'}, 'question': {"Which country is the world's largest producer of rice?"}}

['china']

As a reading comprehension expert, you will receive context and question. Please understand the given Context first and then output the answer of the question based on the Context

{'context': {'[DOC] [TLE] Geri Halliwell bio - %name% Net WorthGeri Halliwell Bio - Geri Halliwell Net Worth [PAR] Geri Halliwell Bio [PAR] Read more... [PAR] Geri Halliwell [PAR] Geri Halliwell Net Worth is $25 Million. Geri Halliwell was born in the United Kingdom on August 6, 1972. She is an English recording artist, author and philanthropist who gained fame as a member of The Spice Girls. Her current estimated net worth is. Geraldine Estelle "Geri" Hal... [PAR] Geri Halliwell Net Worth is $25 Million. [PAR] Geri Halliwell Net Worth is $25 Million. Geri Halliwell was born in the United Kingdom on August 6, 1972. She is an English recording artist, author and philanthropist who gained fame as a member of The Spice Girls. Her current estimated net worth is Geraldine Estelle "Geri" Halliwell is a British pop singer-songwriter, Clothes Designer, author and actress. Halliwell came to international prominence in the late 1990s as Ginger Spice, a member of girl group the Spice Girls. She reportedly amassed a $30 million fortune during her last two years in the group. Halliwell launched her solo career in 1998, releasing her album Schizophonic. She has since released two more studio albums - Scream If You Wanna Go Faster and Passion - as well as four singles that reached number one on the UK Singles Chart: "Mi Chico Latino", "Lift Me Up", "Bag It Up" and "It\'s Raining Men". In 2008 Halliwell published a book series named Ugenia Lavender. As a solo artist, Halliwell has sold 12 million records worldwide, and been nominated for four Brit Awards . In 1999 she wrote her first autobiography If Only, in which she described her life as a Spice Girl. Her second autobiography was released in 2002. She is expected ...[DOC] [TLE] Geri Halliwell Dumps Jerry O’Connell | popdirt.comGeri Halliwell Dumps Jerry O’Connell | popdirt.com [PAR] Geri Halliwell Dumps Jerry O’Connell [PAR] Former Spice Girl Geri Halliwell dumped actor Jerry O’Connell because she found him “too immature.” A source close to Geri explained to The Sun , “As has happened in the past, things started off well and they enjoyed each other’s company. But after a while it all started to go wrong. Geri thought his sense of humor was immature and he found her too possessive. She’s upset about it all. She thought she may be able to make things work this time but her miserable track record with men continues.” [PAR] Geri Halliwell’s Big Troubles Mounting A Horse [PAR] October 7, 2003 – Former Spice Girl Geri Halliwell had big troubles trying to mount a horse to trek across the Hollywood Hills. Geri ended up swinging from the horse’s neck to the amusement of her pals, and had a frown on her face when she finally was able to mount the horse. “It was really funny. She looked like she needed a stepladder.,” joked an onlooker. Check out the pictures at The Sun . [PAR] Jerry O’Connell Reading Geri Halliwell’s Autobiography [PAR] October 1, 2003 – Former Spice Girl Geri Halliwell’s latest boyfriend Jerry O’Connell was spotted with a copy of the singer’s autobiography ‘If Only’ as the couple left London to fly to Los Angeles. [PAR] “I couldn’t believe it when I saw he was carrying her book,” remarked an onlooker. “He doesn’t need to read about her life, he could get a first-hand account. But they were both grinning from ear to ear so it obviously hasn’t put him off.”[DOC] [TLE] Geri Halliwell on Apple Music - iTunesGeri Halliwell on Apple Music [PAR] To preview a song, mouse over the title and click Play. Open iTunes to buy and download music. [PAR] Biography [PAR] The former Ginger Spice, pop singer Geri Halliwell, was born August 6, 1972 in London; a onetime topless model and Turkish game show hostess, in March of 1994 she answered an advertisement for an all-girl vocal group, and with fellow applicants Victoria Adams, Melanie Brown, and Melanie Chisholm formed the nucleus of what later (with the addition of fifth member Emma Bunton) became the Spice Girls. The biggest pop phenomenon of the late \'90s,'}, 'question': {"What is the title of Geri Halliwell's autobiography, published in 1999?"}}

['if only']

As a reading comprehension expert, you will receive context and question. Please understand the given Context first and then output the answer of the question based on the Context

{'context': {"[DOC] [TLE] October 1, 1949: Victorious Mao proclaims the People's ...October 1, 1949: Victorious Mao proclaims the People's Republic of China a communist state - BT [PAR] \xa0 [PAR] October 1, 1949: Victorious Mao proclaims the People's Republic of China a communist state [PAR] At the end of a bitter three-year civil war, People's Liberation Army leader Mao Tse-tung declared the Nationalists defeated and proclaimed the establishment of the People's Republic of China. [PAR] \xa0 [PAR] Print this story [PAR] China was proclaimed a communist state on this day in 1949. [PAR] A bitter civil war between the People's Liberation Army (PLA), led by Mao Tse-tung, and the Nationalists had raged since 1946, with Soviet Russia backing Mao's forces and the United States sending hundreds of millions of dollars' worth of military supplied to Chiang Kai-shek's Nationalists. [PAR] The Nationalists had vastly outnumbered the Communists, but heavy Nationalist casualties in the Liaoshen Campaign swung the war the PLA's way and by early 1949, a combination of rampant corruption, massive hyperinflation and failed political repression had seen Beijing (then known as Beiping), surrendered to the PLA. Between April and November other major cities passed from Nationalist to Communist control with very little resistance. [PAR] As the video above recalls, on October 1, in his new capital Peking (now Beijing), Mao proclaimed the establishment of the People's Republic of China. He wasted no time in beginning a programme of land reform which replaced the traditional system of landlord owners and tenant farmers with one which appeared to be weighted in the peasants' favour. [PAR] Chiang (above), along with more than 2.5 million Nationalist troops and supporters, fled to the offshore island of Formosa and set up the government of Taipei. [PAR] The exiles expected the West to defend a free China, but within weeks Mao was in Moscow signing a pact with the Soviet Union, and other countries began to recognise the new Chinese regime. [PAR] With protesction from the superpower to the north, Mao quickly established a network of Communist bureaucrats throughout the country and within four years China had embarked on its first five-year plan, a series of centralised economic programmes that continue to this day. [PAR] China's Communist Revolution - Did you know? [PAR] The Republic of China had been established in 1912, when the Xinhai Revolution brought an end to the Qing Dynasty and 2,000 years of imperial rule. [PAR] Mao Tse-tung was born in Hunan Province in 1893. His father, born a poor peasant, had become one of the richest farmers in the town. [PAR] Mao was forced into a marriage with the daughter of another local landowner at the age of 13, but refused to recognise her as his wife and she died in disgrace. [PAR] Mao's political leanings were already well established when, witnessing starving peasants stealing his father's grain, he claimed to feel sympathy for their situation. [PAR] Mao, a member of the fledgling Communist Party of China, was also a supporter of the nationalist Kuomintang (KMT) party until Chiang Kai-shek became leader in May 1925 and soon turned on the communists within the party. [PAR] In response, the communists' Red Army, led by Mao, fought against KMT forces during a seven-year civil war. Facing annihilation in late 1934, Mao led the Long March, a year-long, 6,000-mile retreat to the communists' northern stronghold which allowed the Red Army to regroup. [PAR] The two parties formed a temporary alliance when Japanese forces invaded China in 1937, but resumed their civil war following the defeat of Japan in World War II. [PAR] Following the revolution (above), Mao embarked on a counter-revolutionary campaign as well as a land reform policy which saw landlords executed in public. It has been estimated that five million people were killed during this time, with another six million sent to labour camps. [PAR] Millions more died in the great famine of 1960-62, triggered when fearful local party bosses exaggerated the amount of grain being produced during a poor harvest. When this grain was taken for use in the cities and for export, rural areas were"}, 'question': {"Which country was proclaimed a People's Republic on 1 October 1949, following the defeat of forces led by Chiang Kai-shek?"}}

['china']

As a reading comprehension expert, you will receive context and question. Please understand the given Context first and then output the answer of the question based on the Context

{'context': {'[DOC] [TLE] Fame (1980 film)Fame is a 1980 American musical film conceived and produced by David De Silva and directed by Alan Parker. Its screenplay is by Christopher Gore, its choreography by Louis Falco and musical score by Michael Gore. The film follows a group of students through their studies at the New York High School of Performing Arts. The film is split into sections corresponding to auditions, freshman, sophomore, junior and senior years. The film ranked #42 on Entertainment Weeklys 2006 list of the "50 Best High School Movies". [PAR] The film has spawned a television series and spin-off, a stage musical that has played all over the world since 1988 when it premiered at the Coconut Playhouse in Florida, a reality competition series, and a 2009 film remake. [PAR] Title [PAR] The original screenplay was titled Hot Lunch and this was the title for the film until part-way through shooting when director Alan Parker noted a pornographic film showing on 42nd Street with the same title. For the rest of the shooting schedule of 14 weeks the script was just labeled "title". David De Silva noted that the porno film starred Al Parker so that confusion might ensue if the original title remained. [PAR] Plot [PAR] Auditions [PAR] We see the principal students auditioning alongside less successful applicants. In the drama department, Montgomery forgets his lines while auditioning, and Doris\'s nerves aren\'t helped by the presence of her pushy mother, who insists Doris should sing in her audition. In the music department, Bruno\'s father and uncle help haul Bruno\'s keyboards and equipment from their taxicabs to the audition. Bruno\'s electronics horrify the conservative music teacher, Mr. Shorofsky. [PAR] In the dance department, Lisa has been dancing since she was a little girl. Coco is sure she\'ll get in, thanks to a combination of all-around talent (not just in dance). Leroy isn\'t there for himself but to take part in a dance routine with an auditioning friend, but the dance teachers are rather more impressed by his talents than hers. After attempting to audition for both the music and dance departments, Ralph succeeds with his audition for the drama department. [PAR] Freshman year [PAR] Students learn on the first day of classes that academics are weighed equally with performance. Leroy clashes with Mrs. Sherwood in English class. Doris is overwhelmed by the energy and spontaneity in the lunchroom and flees, meeting Montgomery. [PAR] As the year progresses, Coco tries to convince Bruno to book performing gigs with her. Doris and Montgomery become friends, and Doris worries that she\'s too ordinary against the colorful personalities of the other students. Leroy and Mrs. Sherwood continue to clash over Leroy\'s refusal to do homework (Leroy is illiterate and ashamed to admit it). Bruno and his father argue over Bruno\'s reluctance to play his music publicly. Coco tells Bruno of her belief that she\'s "doing my last dance on this dark little planet" so it has to be spectacular. Miss Berg warns Lisa she is not working hard enough. Graduating senior Michael wins a prestigious scholarship and tells Doris that the William Morris Agency wants to send him out for auditions for television pilots. [PAR] Sophomore year [PAR] New student Hilary van Doren joins the school, and she and Coco clash over Leroy. Hilary seduces him. Bruno and Mr. Shorofsky debate the merits of traditional orchestras versus synthesized instruments. Bruno\'s father plays his music (the title song) outside the school, inspiring the student body to dance in the streets. As an acting exercise, students have to divulge a painful memory. Montgomery discusses discovering his homosexuality, in the process coming out to the school, for which he is teased by Ralph wearing The Rocky Horror Picture Show-style drag. Doris relates her humiliation at being forced by her stage mother to sing at a child\'s birthday party. Ralph tells of learning about the death of Freddie Prinze. Miss Berg drops Lisa from the dance program, and Lisa, after seemingly considering suicide, instead drops her dance clothes on the subway tracks and declares "Fuck it, if I can\'t dance I\'ll change to the drama department." [PAR] Junior year [PAR]'}, 'question': {'"What was the setting for the 1980 film ""Fame""?"'}}

['new york high school of performing arts']

As a reading comprehension expert, you will receive context and question. Please understand the given Context first and then output the answer of the question based on the Context

{'context': {'[DOC] [TLE] Duck Breeds – Types of Ducks – Duck Breed ComparisonDuck Breeds – Types of Ducks – Duck Breed Comparison [PAR] Find an event near you, or submit one of your own! [PAR] Breeds of Ducks [PAR] Use this table of duck breeds to compare all the different types of ducks for sale at Metzer Farms. This data comes from our experience on the farm, feedback from customers, and information gathered from researchers. With so many breeds offered at Metzer Farms, we want you to make the most informed choice. Depending if you want a duck specifically for egg or meat production, foraging, show, a pet, or one of the many other reasons people raise ducks, this will help you find the best duck breed for you. [PAR] Today most domesticated types of ducks originate from the wild Mallard and a few from the Muscovy. Ducks were domesticated in Asia, but now there are many different duck breeds developed for all different climates and applications. [PAR] Due to all our domesticated ducks originating from the mallard, any one of the breeds we sell can produce fertile progeny if they cross with any other breed. Ducks will fully integrate with all the other breeds we offer. Therefore, if you want purebred ducklings hatching from your ducks, you need to keep the breeds separate during the breeding season. Or you can let them cross and see what different shapes and colors you will get in their ducklings. What will you get if you cross a Mallard with a Fawn & White Runner, or a Cayuga and a Pekin, or a Khaki Campbell with a White Layer? [PAR] Breed [PAR] None [PAR] Metzer Farms [PAR] Pekins are the most popular type of duck in North America for Commercial Meat Duck Production . Breeding stock from France is imported to give our customers the most efficient, meaty and profitable duck. Pekins are the fastest growing breed and dress very well after processing because of their white feathers. These birds are successfully used by some of our customers for pasture grown ducks. They are not bred for this type of growing, but do well due to the natural hardiness and disease resistance of all ducks. [PAR] Khaki Campbells are commonly known for their exceptional egg laying capability. The Golden 300 and White Layer are two breeds developed here at Metzer Farms to maximize duck egg production . With proper care and management, these ducks will outperform the better known Pekins, Khaki Campbells, Runners or Welsh Harlequin. The Golden 300 and White Layer ducks are ideal if you are looking to meet a growing market for fresh duck eggs. There is also a steady demand for balut or salted eggs in most local Asian markets.[DOC] [TLE] Pekin Ducks - FeatherSitePekin Ducks [PAR] Pekin Ducks [PAR] A nice Pekin drake [PAR] I have only one Pekin these days, a drake named "SquareHead," but I really like to explain to folks that Pekin ducks are the large white domestic duck that Donald was modeled after, and Peking duck is a dish (often containing a Pekin duck) on the menu in a Chinese restaurant. [PAR] Pekins were developed as a meat and egg breed, and broodiness was bred out of them so that they\'d lay more. Therefore, if you have Pekin eggs, you\'ll need to incubate them artificially, as most Pekin ducks will never sit. [PAR] Pekin Links: [PAR] Roma Pekins [PAR] Pekin ducklings for sale here [PAR] Craig Russell\'s pair of Pekins: that\'s the female upended on the right and you can easily see the "drake feather" on the male [PAR] Photo courtesy of Nicole Reggia [PAR] A Pekin duck [PAR] Another, older Pekin duck [PAR] Photo courtesy of Dustin & Kristie Wilson [PAR] The European Pekins are a very upright duck, quite different from the American style bird: this bird was Supreme Champion at one of the British Waterfowl Association\'s shows [PAR] Photo courtesy of Rupert Stephenson [PAR] A pair of young Pekins, the male on the left [PAR] Photos courtesy of Dustin & Kristie Wilson [PAR] Another pair of Pekins, female on the left [PAR] Photos courtesy of Cody Everett [PAR] European Pekins, a young duck and a flock [PAR] Photos courtesy of Brice Wonders [PAR] A flock of Pekins on a pond [PAR]'}, 'question': {'What colour is a domesticated Pekin duck?'}}

['white']

As a reading comprehension expert, you will receive context and question. Please understand the given Context first and then output the answer of the question based on the Context

{'context': {'[DOC] [TLE] Infinite monkey theorem - Example ProblemsInfinite monkey theorem - Example Problems [PAR] Infinite monkey theorem [PAR] File:Monkey-typing.jpg [PAR] According to the second Borel-Cantelli lemma , given enough time, a chimpanzee like this one typing at random will almost certainly eventually type out a copy of one of Shakespeare \'s plays. [PAR] The infinite monkey theorem states that a monkey hitting keys at random on a typewriter keyboard will almost surely eventually type every book in France \'s Bibliothèque nationale de France ( National Library ). In the restatement of the theorem most popular among English speakers, the monkeys eventually type out the collected works of William Shakespeare . [PAR] The original image was presented in Émile Borel \'s 1913 book "Mécanique Statistique et Irréversibilité," J. Phys. 5e série, vol. 3, 1913, pp.189-196. These "monkeys" are not actual monkeys; rather, they were a vivid metaphor for an imaginary way to produce a large, random sequence of letters. Borel said that if a million monkeys typed ten hours a day, it was extremely, extremely unlikely that their output would exactly equal all the books of the richest libraries of the world; and yet, in comparison, it was even more unlikely that the laws of statistical mechanics would ever be violated, even briefly. For Borel, the purpose of the monkey image was to illustrate the magnitude of an extraordinarily unlikely event. [PAR] After about 1970, popular statements of the monkey image draw upon infinity, saying that an infinite number of monkeys typing for an infinite amount of time will produce a given text. To insist on both infinities, however, is excessive. A single immortal monkey who executes infinitely many keystrokes will almost surely eventually type out any given text, and an infinite number of monkeys will almost surely begin producing all possible texts immediately, with no wait. In fact, in both cases, the text will almost surely be produced an infinite number of times. [PAR] Contents [PAR] 8 External links [PAR] Intuitive proof sketch [PAR] The infinite monkey theorem is straightforward to prove, even without appealing to more advanced results. If two events are statistically independent , meaning neither affects the outcome of the other, then the probability of both happening equals the product of the probabilities of each one happening on its own. For example, if the chance of rain in Sydney on a particular day is 0.3 and the chance of an earthquake in San Francisco on that day is 0.8, the chance of both happening on that same day is 0.3 × 0.8 = 0.24. [PAR] Now, suppose the typewriter has 50 keys, and the word to be typed is "banana". Typing at random, the chance that the first letter typed is b is 1/50, as is the chance that the second letter typed is a, and so on. These events are independent, so the chance of the first six letters matching "banana" is 1/506. For the same reason, the chance that the next 6 letters match "banana" is also 1/506, and so on. [PAR] Now, the chance of not typing "banana" in each block of 6 letters is 1\xa0−\xa01/506. Because each block is typed independently, the chance, X, of not typing "banana" in any of the first n blocks of 6 letters is X = (1\xa0−\xa01/506)n. As n grows, X gets smaller. For an n of a million, X is 99.99%, but for an n of 10 billion it is 53% and for an n of 100 billion it is 0.17%. As n approaches infinity, the probability X approaches zero; that is, by making n large enough, X can be made as small as one likes. If we were to count occurrences of "banana" that crossed blocks, X would approach zero even more quickly. The same argument applies if the monkey were typing any other string of characters of any length. [PAR] The same argument shows why infinitely many monkeys (almost surely) produce a text as quickly as it would be produced by a perfectly accurate human typist copying it from the original. In this case'}, 'question': {'What name is given to the concept that an animal hitting keys at random on a typewriter for an infinite amount of time will almost surely type a particular chosen text, such as the complete works of William Shakespeare?'}}

['infinite monkey theorem' 'infinite monkey']

As a reading comprehension expert, you will receive context and question. Please understand the given Context first and then output the answer of the question based on the Context

{'context': {'[DOC] [TLE] About Easter -- Easter Customs and Traditions -- whyeaster?comEaster Foods [PAR] About Easter [PAR] Easter is the time of the Christian year when Christians remember the Death and Resurrection of Jesus Christ. They believe that Jesus, who they believe was the son of God, died for everyone\'s wrong-doings and then came back to life three days later to defeat death and evil: so if you believe in Him you will live forever in Heaven. [PAR] The word \'Easter\' comes from two old pagan spring festivals. The old European pagan festival of \'Ostara\' that celebrated new life and Arabian Sun festival of \'Ishtar\'. The early Christians took over the festivals and turned the pagan festivals of new life to mean the new life that Jesus gave the world when he rose from the dead. Unlike Christmas, when Jesus\'s birth is celebrated (although we don\'t know what time of year Jesus was born!), Easter is celebrated around the same time of year that he was killed. This is because Jesus died at the time of the Jewish Passover festival. [PAR] The Passover festival dates from about 4,000 years ago when Jewish people remember that God saved them from slavery in Egypt. Jesus was a Jew and so celebrated the Passover. Passover takes place in the first month of the Jewish New Year (14-15 of the month of Nisan). The Jewish calendar follows the cycle of the moon, so the date changes a bit every year. [PAR] The first Jewish Christians added Easter celebrations to the Passover festival and because Jesus rose from the dead on a Sunday, so Easter Day became the first Sunday after Passover. [PAR] Over the years, the Christian festival moved in date slightly from the Jewish Passover, so they don\'t now have the same date, but sometimes they are very close! The Christian date for Easter also follows the moon, so it also changes every year. To make things even more complicated, Orthodox Christians celebrate Easter, like Christmas, on a different day to Catholic and Western Christians! [PAR] For Christians, the full Easter period lasted for a long time. Easter officially starts with Lent on Ash Wednesday , 46 days before Easter Day. (Lent lasts for 40 days but you don\'t count the Sundays!) Then 39 days after Easter Day, Christians celebrate Ascension Day, when they remember Jesus going back into Heaven and promising to come back to earth one day. Easter officially ends 49 days after Easter Day with the Christian Festival of Pentecost or Whitsun, when Christians remember that God sent his Holy Spirit to help Christians. So Easter is a very busy time for Christians! [PAR] \xa0[DOC] [TLE] Frequently Asked Questions About Passover - Chosen PeopleChosen People Ministries - Frequently Asked Questions About Passover [PAR] Holidays and Festivals [PAR] 1. How is the timing of Passover calculated? Why does Passover sometimes fall after Easter? [PAR] The two holidays are based on two different calendars. Easter is based on the solar calendar, the calendar commonly used today. In Western churches, Easter is dated as the first Sunday after the first full moon of spring. It therefore occurs somewhere between March 22 and April 25. Eastern Orthodox churches have a different approach based on the lunar calendar. [PAR] Passover, on the other hand, is based on the Jewish calendar, a lunar calendar that has twelve 28-day months. Every two or three years, there is a thirteenth month called Adar II included in the calendar. Over the course of a 19-year cycle, this "extra" month occurs in the 3rd, 6th, 8th, 11th, 14th, 17th, and 19th years. The year 2008 was one of those years with an extra month. Passover occurs from the 15th to the 21st of the month of Nisan - which is the month right after the "extra" month of Adar II.\xa0The inclusion of the "extra" month in the lunar calendar thus caused Passover to fall nearly 30 days after Easter in 2008. [PAR] In 2015, Passover is April 3 - April 11. [PAR] 2. Why do we still celebrate Old Testament holidays such as Passover, since Jesus has risen? [PAR] Believers in Messiah Jesus have a freedom to celebrate'}, 'question': {'The Jewish festival of the Passover is held around the same time as which Christian festival?'}}

['easter' 'easter day']

As a reading comprehension expert, you will receive context and question. Please understand the given Context first and then output the answer of the question based on the Context

{'context': {"[DOC] [TLE] Top 10 Most Popular Sports in Australia SporteologyTop 10 Most Popular Sports in Australia Sporteology [PAR] You May Also Like:\xa0 Top All Time Greatest Australian Athletes [PAR] Summer is considered as the season of sport around the country and especially the Grand Slam tennis tournament held in this session. Australia has lush, championship-designed golf courses across the country and country has the record in hosting many premier golf events. Australia marathons attract thousands of runners from all over the world and rev-heads everywhere know about Australia car racing events for example the Formula 1 Australia Grand Prix. Here in this post I will tell you in details about most popular sports in Australia. [PAR] Top 10 Most Popular Sports in Australia [PAR] Football [PAR] Australia’s beloved ‘footy’ actually covers four codes, which may be a little confusing. Depending on different state of Australia, this could mean Rugby League, Australian Football League (AFL), Rugby Union or the soccer that most Europeans know as football!\xa0 All these four codes command a strong, loyal fan base. These codes are played in the same season from March to September. [PAR] Aussie rules [PAR] Next on Most Popular Sports in Australia, If in Australia you see men in shorts leaping to great heights playing on a large arena with an oval ball, then you’re definitely watching a game of Australian Football. AFL (Australian Football League) is Australia’s premier spectator sport and it is developed in Melbourne in the 19th century, this is the most attended sporting league of the country. Popularity of this sport is very high in Victoria, where it’s practically a religion. Sydney, Perth, Brisbane and Adelaide also have passionately supported AFL teams. AFL consist 16 teams which play 22 home and away rounds from March to September. [PAR] Rugby [PAR] National Rugby League (NRL) [PAR] Next on Most Popular Sports in Australia, Rugby League is a full contact ball sport and considered as the third most popular sport of Australia. This Australian sport actually branched out from Rugby Union in the early 20th century.\xa0 NRL or The National Rugby League is mostly played in Australia’s eastern states. Most of the 16 teams of NRL are based in and around Sydney. The NRL season starts in early March and ends with the grand final on the first Sunday of October. NRL competitions usually attract huge crowds and huge TV audiences as well. There are also annual international games like the New Zealand VS Australia ANZAC Day test. [PAR] Rugby Union [PAR] Next on Most Popular Sports in Australia, Australia’s Rugby Union well known team is the Wallabies and each year they compete with New Zealand and South Africa in the Tri-Nations Series. Their on-field battle with the New Zealand is known as the Bledisloe Cup. And the games with South Africa are part of the Mandela Challenge Plate. Rugby World Cup is also held in Australia after for years in which many teams come to play from across the world.\xa0 Seven former Australian players like Nick Farr-Jones have been introduced into the International Rugby Hall of Fame. In the Super 14s cup Australia’s state teams play with each other, South African and New Zealand teams.[DOC] [TLE] Most Popular Sports in Australia - Topend SportsMost Popular Sports in Australia [PAR] all about sport in Australia [PAR] Old Comments [PAR] how the hell is football (soccer) not number one in participants, any other reliable news research would highlight that it by far has the most participants in aus, also is much higher in terms of attendances than cricket (i think i saw about 25 people at the last sheffield shield match) and would only be lower than afl and nrl possibly, this list is a joke (from brandon, Mar 2013) [PAR] I personally respect the Aussies for this one thing- they don't play all sports but the ones they do, they're absolutely brilliant at. World champions in Hockey, Best team in cricket and rugby league, one of the best \xa0in rugby union, they have the opening race and Grand Slam of the F1 and Tennis season respectively...just fantastic (from Chinmay, Mar 2013) [PAR] Netball is an ever increasing participation sport amongst Aussie girls and woman! (from Cara"}, 'question': {'What is the most popular sports competition in Australia?'}}

['afl' 'australian football league']

As a reading comprehension expert, you will receive context and question. Please understand the given Context first and then output the answer of the question based on the Context

{'context': {'[DOC] [TLE] BattleshipA battleship is a large armored warship with a main battery consisting of large caliber guns. During the late 19th and early 20th centuries the battleship was the most powerful type of warship, and a fleet of battleships was vital for any nation that desired to maintain command of the sea. [PAR] The word battleship was coined around 1794 and is a contraction of the phrase line-of-battle ship, the dominant wooden warship during the Age of Sail. The term came into formal use in the late 1880s to describe a type of ironclad warship, now referred to by historians as pre-dreadnought battleships. In 1906, the commissioning of heralded a revolution in battleship design. Subsequent battleship designs, influenced by HMS Dreadnought, were referred to as "dreadnoughts". [PAR] Battleships were a symbol of naval dominance and national might, and for decades the battleship was a major factor in both diplomacy and military strategy. The global arms race in battleship construction began in Europe, following the 1890 publication of Alfred Thayer Mahan\'s The Influence of Sea Power upon History. This arms race culminated at the decisive Battle of Tsushima in 1905; the outcome of which significantly influenced the design of HMS Dreadnought. The launch of Dreadnought in 1906 commenced a new naval arms race. Three major fleet action between steel battleships took place. The decisive battles of the Yellow Sea (1904) and Tsushima (1905) during the Russo-Japanese War, and the Battle of Jutland (1916) during the First World War. Jutland was the largest naval battle and the only full-scale clash of battleships in the war, and it was the last major battle fought primarily by battleships in world history. [PAR] The Naval Treaties of the 1920s and 1930s limited the number of battleships, though technical innovation in battleship design continued. Both the Allies and the Axis powers deployed battleships during World War II. However they were of lesser importance, especially after the Japanese aircraft carrier fleet sank the main American battleship fleet at Pearl Harbor in 1941. [PAR] The value of the battleship has been questioned, even during the period of their prominence. In spite of the immense resources spent on battleships, there were few pitched battleship clashes. Even with their enormous firepower and protection, battleships were increasingly vulnerable to much smaller, cheaper weapons: initially the torpedo and the naval mine, and later aircraft and the guided missile. The growing range of naval engagements led to the aircraft carrier replacing the battleship as the leading capital ship during World War II, with the last battleship to be launched being in 1944. Battleships were retained by the United States Navy into the Cold War for fire support purposes before being stricken from the U.S. Naval Vessel Register in the 2000s. [PAR] Ships of the line [PAR] A ship of the line was a large, unarmored wooden sailing ship which mounted a battery of up to 120 smoothbore guns and carronades. The ship of the line developed gradually over centuries and, apart from growing in size, it changed little between the adoption of line of battle tactics in the early 17th century and the end of the sailing battleship\'s heyday in the 1830s. From 1794, the alternative term \'line of battle ship\' was contracted (informally at first) to \'battle ship\' or \'battleship\'. [PAR] The sheer number of guns fired broadside meant a sail battleship could wreck any wooden enemy, holing her hull, knocking down masts, wrecking her rigging, and killing her crew. However, the effective range of the guns was as little as a few hundred yards, so the battle tactics of sailing ships depended in part on the wind. [PAR] The first major change to the ship of the line concept was the introduction of steam power as an auxiliary propulsion system. Steam power was gradually introduced to the navy in the first half of the 19th century, initially for small craft and later for frigates. The French Navy introduced steam to the line of battle with the 90-gun in 1850 —the first true steam battleship. Napoléon was armed as a conventional ship-of-the-line, but her steam engines could give her a speed of'}, 'question': {"What name was given to the predominant type of 20th-century battleship, with an 'all-big-gun' armament & steam turbine propulsion, that was named after the first of the kind, launched by the Royal Navy in 1906?"}}

['dreadnoughts' 'dreadnought battleship' 'dreadnought']

As a reading comprehension expert, you will receive context and question. Please understand the given Context first and then output the answer of the question based on the Context

{'context': {'[DOC] [TLE] Cricket World Cup HistoryCricket World Cup History [PAR] Cricket World Cup History [PAR] Cricket World Cup 2015 A short history of cricket world cup with list of past winners [PAR] The ICC Cricket World Cup is the premier international championship of men\'s One Day International (ODI) cricket. The event is organised by the sport\'s governing body, the International Cricket Council (ICC), with preliminary qualification rounds leading up to a finals tournament which is held every four years. The tournament is the world\'s fourth-largest and fourth-most-viewed sporting event. According to the ICC, it is the most important tournament and the pinnacle of achievement in the sport. The first Cricket World Cup contest was organised in England in 1975. A separate Women\'s Cricket World Cup has been held every four years since 1973. [PAR] The finals of the Cricket World Cup are contested by all ten Test-playing and ODI-playing nations, together with other nations that qualify through the World Cup Qualifier. Australia has been the most successful of the five teams to have won the tournament, taking four titles. The West Indies and India have won twice, while Pakistan and Sri Lanka have each won once. [PAR] The 2011 Cricket World Cup was co-hosted by Bangladesh, India, and Sri Lanka from 19 February to 2 April 2011. 14 countries participated in the tournament. India won the cup by defeating Sri Lanka by 6 wickets in the final in Mumbai on 2 April and became the first team to win the World Cup final on home soil. [PAR] As of 2011 World cup, Australia remains winner of four World cup tournaments with India and West Indies both winning twice. Pakistan and Sri Lanka are the other teams who were crowned World champions before. [PAR] The next World Cups will be hosted by Australia and New Zealand in 2015, and England and Wales in 2019. [PAR] Cricket World Cup History[DOC] [TLE] Cricket World CupThe ICC Cricket World Cup is the international championship of One Day International (ODI) cricket. The event is organised by the sport\'s governing body, the International Cricket Council (ICC), every four years, with preliminary qualification rounds leading up to a finals tournament. The tournament is one of the world\'s most viewed sporting events and is considered the "flagship event of the international cricket calendar" by the ICC. [PAR] The first World Cup was organised in England in June 1975, with the first ODI cricket match having been played only four years earlier. However, a separate Women\'s Cricket World Cup had been held two years before the first men\'s tournament, and a tournament involving multiple international teams had been held as early as 1912, when a triangular tournament of Test matches was played between Australia, England and South Africa. The first three World Cups were held in England. From the 1987 tournament onwards, hosting has been shared between countries under an unofficial rotation system, with fourteen ICC members having hosted at least one match in the tournament. [PAR] The finals of the World Cup are contested by the ten full members of the ICC (all of which are Test-playing teams) and a number of teams made up from associate and affiliate members of the ICC, selected via the World Cricket League and a later qualifying tournament. A total of twenty teams have competed in the eleven editions of the tournament, with fourteen competing in the 2015 tournament. Australia has won the tournament five times, with the West Indies, India (twice each), Pakistan and Sri Lanka (once each) also having won the tournament. The best performance by a non-full-member team came when Kenya made the semi-finals of the 2003 tournament. [PAR] History [PAR] Before the first Cricket World Cup [PAR] The first international cricket match was played between Canada and the United States, on 24 and 25 September 1844. However, the first credited Test match was played in 1877 between Australia and England, and the two teams competed regularly for The Ashes in subsequent years. South Africa was admitted to Test status in 1889. Representative cricket teams were selected to tour each other, resulting in bilateral competition. Cricket was also included as an Olympic'}, 'question': {'When was the first World Cup cricket contest held?'}}

['1975']

As a reading comprehension expert, you will receive context and question. Please understand the given Context first and then output the answer of the question based on the Context

{'context': {'[DOC] [TLE] Missing Malaysia Airlines Flight MH370: TV Series Lost ...Missing Malaysia Airlines Flight MH370: TV Series Lost Recalled by Twitterverse [PAR] Missing Malaysia Airlines Flight MH370: TV Series Lost Recalled by Twitterverse [PAR] Simi John [PAR] Missing Malaysia Airlines Flight MH370: TV Series Lost Recalled by Twitterverse [PAR] More [PAR] As mystery continues over the Malaysia Airlines flight MH370,\xa0that vanished with 239 people on board, social media is relating the incident to American television show Lost. [PAR] The popular ABC sci-fi drama series, directed by JJ Abrams,\xa0 involved a plane crash in south east Asia, leaving the diverse group of the surviving passengers of Oceanic Airlines Flight 815 on a mysterious deserted tropical island. [PAR] Many took to Twitter to relate the shows plot to the disappearance of the B777-200 aircraft, that was carrying passengers from 14 nations, the majority of them Chinese. [PAR] Meanwhile, Flight Global\'s operations and safety editor David Learmount said the plane would have been cruising at about 35,000 feet when it lost contact over the South China Sea, giving the pilots \'plenty of time\' to report any technical problems. [PAR] "Something happened and the pilots did not tell anyone. Why? It\'s a good question. It\'s extraordinary the pilots failed to call because they had plenty of time to. Unless there was a bomb on board but there has been no evidence of that," he said. [PAR] Reblog[DOC] [TLE] Talk:Oceanic Flight 815 - Lostpedia - WikiaTalk:Oceanic Flight 815 | Lostpedia | Fandom powered by Wikia [PAR] [ show ] [PAR] How did Oceanic Air explain that there were survivors when they were all supposed to be dead? [PAR] Since the crash was staged by charles widmore, wouldnt this of confused people and the media etc, since the Oceanic six made it back alive, even with their fabricated story, it still doesnt explain how they survived, wouldnt this of set alarm bells going, we know charles widmore suspects they would of been on the island?-- Nzoomed 09:30, 30 January 2009 (UTC) [PAR] To answer your first question about how Oceanic could explain that there were survivors: authorities could never confirm the amount of bodies on the fake plane because of how deep it was in the water. The world simply assumed that all the passengers died, though they could not prove that. So, when "The Six" arrived and told their tale, it was just assumed they were telling the truth since no one (minus those who knew) could contradict them. -- Ghostofmccleve 23:31, January 30, 2010 (UTC) [PAR] Flight length [PAR] The article states that the 777 could not have made the Sydney->LAX trip before 2005. However, Syd to LAX is 12052 km according to Qantas , which is ~7,489 mi . According to Boeing , 2 April 1997, the Boeing 777-200ER traveled non-stop from Seattle to Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, 12,455.34 miles (and back). That is far more miles than the trip from Syd to LAX. I\'m changing this in the article. LOSTonthisdarnisland 03:45, 9 May 2006 (PDT) [PAR] Since Air Canada flys 777s from Toronto to Sydney, and British Air was reportedly going to fly from London to Sydney on a 777, I think this point has been proven. -- Pedxing 10:10, 2 June 2006 (PDT) [PAR] LHR-SYD with a 777 (or any other aircraft for that matter) is still economically unfeasible. The longest-range airliners in the world are the 777-200LR (introduced by Boeing last year and so far only flown by Pakistan Airlines) and the Airbus A340-500 (flown by Thai Airways, Singapore Airlines, Emirates and Air Canada), and they can only make the route with severe payload reductions. SYD-LAX is and has been operated for many years, not only with 777s but also 747s and A340s. Antiuser 14:01, 8 June 2006 (PDT) [PAR] A screen capture from Exodus: Part 2 shows a departure time for Flight 815 of 14:15 (not 14:55) and planned arrival time in L.A. at 10:42. Oodles 15:54, 6 August 2006 (PDT) [PAR] Miscellaneous [PAR] I felt that there'}, 'question': {'In what TV series was Oceanic Airlines flight 815 a critical factor?'}}

['lost tv show' 'lost' 'lost tv']

As a reading comprehension expert, you will receive context and question. Please understand the given Context first and then output the answer of the question based on the Context

{'context': {'[DOC] [TLE] revelation - Definition of revelation - online dictionary ...revelation - Definition of revelation - online dictionary powered by PowerVocabularyBuilder.com [PAR] Definition: 1. something that is newly revealed or made known; 2. a pleasant surprise [PAR] Synonyms: insight, understanding, realization, disclosure, epiphany, surprise [PAR] Antonyms: secret, concealment [PAR] Tips: The word revelation is closely related to the word reveal. When you have a revelation, something is revealed to you; you have a sudden insight or understanding of something you previously didn\'t know or consider. A revelation may bring a new perspective on something. In Christianity, Revelation is one of the books of the bible and also refers to the demonstration of divine will. [PAR] Usage Examples: [PAR] I had a sudden revelation while in the shower this morning, and I couldn�t\' wait to get to work so I could share my idea with my boss. (epiphany, insight) [PAR] His confession was a complete revelation to those who had believed he was innocent. (surprise, disclosure) [PAR] The movie was a revelation and provided me with much-needed inspiration for my own life. (surprise, insight) [PAR] She left her job after the revelation that her boss didn\'t respect her or her work. (realization, understanding) [PAR] Want to Learn More Words Like revelation? [PAR] Discover How You Can Improve Your [PAR] Vocabulary 10 to 100 Times Faster with [PAR] the Power Vocabulary Builder [PAR] Dear Friend, [PAR] The definition and lessons for the word revelation were made available by the Power Vocabulary Builder . [PAR] The Power Vocabulary Builder will help you develop a fuller, richer vocabulary 10 to 100 times faster than any other program available. [PAR] Visit the the Power Vocabulary Builder site right now to discover how you can get full access to this breakthrough program today![DOC] [TLE] Epiphany | Define Epiphany at Dictionary.comEpiphany | Define Epiphany at Dictionary.com [PAR] epiphany [PAR] noun, plural epiphanies. [PAR] 1. [PAR] (initial capital letter) a Christian festival, observed on January 6, commemorating the manifestation of Christ to the gentiles in the persons of the Magi; Twelfth-day. [PAR] 2. [PAR] an appearance or manifestation, especially of a deity. [PAR] 3. [PAR] a sudden, intuitive perception of or insight into the reality or essential meaning of something, usually initiated by some simple, homely, or commonplace occurrence or experience. [PAR] 4. [PAR] a literary work or section of a work presenting, usually symbolically, such a moment of revelation and insight. [PAR] Origin of epiphany [PAR] Late Greek [PAR] 1275-1325 [PAR] 1275-1325; Middle English epiphanie < Late Latin epiphanīa < Late Greek epipháneia, Greek: apparition, equivalent to epi- epi- + phan- (stem of phaínein to appear) + -eia -y 3 [PAR] Related forms [PAR] [ep-uh-fan-ik] /ˌɛp əˈfæn ɪk/ (Show IPA), epiphanous, adjective [PAR] Dictionary.com Unabridged [PAR] Examples from the Web for epiphany [PAR] Expand [PAR] Contemporary Examples [PAR] Many recall Maupassant or O. Henry in the way they conclude with an old-fashioned twist or epiphany. [PAR] The White Company Arthur Conan Doyle [PAR] Thus mirrored, they are transformed and converted into his camp of renewal and clean promises by this epiphany. [PAR] British Dictionary definitions for epiphany [PAR] Expand [PAR] the manifestation of a supernatural or divine reality [PAR] 2. [PAR] any moment of great or sudden revelation [PAR] Derived Forms [PAR] C17: via Church Latin from Greek epiphaneia an appearing, from epi- + phainein to show [PAR] Epiphany [PAR] noun (pl) -nies [PAR] 1. [PAR] a Christian festival held on Jan 6, commemorating, in the Western Church, the manifestation of Christ to the Magi and, in the Eastern Church, the baptism of Christ [PAR] Collins English Dictionary - Complete & Unabridged 2012 Digital Edition [PAR] © William Collins Sons & Co. Ltd. 1979, 1986 © HarperCollins [PAR] Publishers 1998, 2000, 2003, 2005, 2006, 2007, 2009, 2012 [PAR] Word Origin and History for epiphany [PAR] Expand [PAR] n. [PAR] early 14c., "festival of the manifestation of Christ to the gentiles" (celebrated Jan. 6; usually with a capital -E-), from Old French epiphanie, from Late Latin'}, 'question': {'"What word means a ""sudden revelation""?"'}}

['epiphany' 'epiphanies']

As a reading comprehension expert, you will receive context and question. Please understand the given Context first and then output the answer of the question based on the Context

{'context': {"[DOC] [TLE] Giro d'Italia - YouTubeGiro d'Italia - YouTube [PAR] Giro d'Italia [PAR] The next video is starting [PAR] stop [PAR] Giro d'Italia 2017 - Amore infinito [PAR] 8,420 views 2 months ago [PAR] Farai fatica a dormire, è troppo che aspetti questo momento! Queste sono le emozioni che ci uniscono da 100 edizioni. Questa è passione. Questo è Amore Infinito. www.giroditalia.it [PAR] It will be hard to sleep, the wait has been too long! These are the emotions that have united us for 100 Giros. This is passion. This is Amore Infinito. www.giroditalia.it/eng Show less [PAR] Giro d'Italia 2013 Official Highlights Play all [PAR] Official highlights of the 2013 Giro d'Italia Cycling.The 96th edition of the Corsa Rosa will cover 3405km, starting in Naples with a 156km road race stage on Saturday May 4 and ending on Sunday May 26 in Brescia, with a final road stage and five laps of a city centre circuit. The average stage distance is down to 162.2km a day. [PAR] Subscribe to Giro'd'Italia for Official Daily Highlights from each Stage of the tour. That's not all, watch our Fight For Pink Series and our G+ Hangouts, on 16/05, 22/05, 26/05. [PAR] The Giro d'Italia is an annual stage race bicycle race primarily held in Italy, while also occasionally passing through nearby countries. The race was first organized in 1909 to increase sales of the newspaper La Gazzetta dello Sport; however it is currently run by RCS Sport. The race has been held annually since its first edition in 1909, except when it was stopped for the two world wars. As the Giro gained prominence and popularity the race was lengthened, and the peloton expanded from primarily Italian participation to riders from all over the world. The Giro is a UCI World Tour event, which means that the teams that compete in the race are mostly UCI Proteams, with the exception of the teams that the organizers can invite. [PAR] 3:20[DOC] [TLE] Giro d'Italia | Sport | The GuardianGiro d'Italia | Sport | The Guardian [PAR] Giro d'Italia [PAR] Full coverage for all years of the Giro d'Italia [PAR] October 2016 [PAR] As the 99th Giro d’Italia comes to an end, we take a look back at the best images from the final six stages of the race [PAR] Published: 29 May 2016 [PAR] Vincenzo Nibali cemented his reputation as one of the great grand tour riders when he claimed his second Giro d’Italia title in vintage fashion on Sunday [PAR] Published: 29 May 2016 [PAR] Vincenzo Nibali grabbed the pink jersey off the back of Esteban Chaves after a dramatic penultimate stage 20 to Vinadio, which was won by Estonia’s Rein Taaramae [PAR] Published: 28 May 2016 [PAR] Italy’s Vincenzo Nibali won stage 19 of the Giro d’Italia but Esteban Chaves’s third-placed finish saw him take the pink jersey from Steven Kruijswijk [PAR] Published: 27 May 2016 [PAR] Two-time Giro d’Italia winner Ivan Basso, who withdrew from this year’s Tour de France after revealing he had testicular cancer, has been given the all-clear following treatment, his Tinkoff-Saxo team has said. [PAR] Published: 24 Sep 2015 [PAR] The German André Greipel finished inches ahead of Sky’s Elia Viviani while Edvald Boasson Hagen retained the overall lead [PAR] Published: 12 Sep 2015 [PAR] After success in Tour de France, plans for a high-altitude training centre and regional team raise expectations in the country where cycling is like a religion [PAR] Published: 17 Aug 2015 [PAR] The Tour de France runner-up Nairo Quintana is to race in the Vuelta a España alongside his Movistar team-mate Alejandro Valverde [PAR] Published: 3 Aug 2015 [PAR] Guardian Sport Network Alberto Contador and the history of the Giro d'Italia-Tour de France double [PAR] No one has won the Giro d’Italia and Tour de France in the same year since Marco Pantani sailed up the Champs-Élysées in 1998. Will Alberto Contador emulate his achievement this month and become the eighth double winner in history? [PAR] Published: 6 Jul 2015[DOC] [TLE] Giro d'ItaliaThe Giro d'Italia (; ; aka Corsa Rosa or Giro) is an annual multiple-stage bicycle race primarily held in Italy, while also occasionally passing through nearby countries. The race was first organized in 1909 to increase sales of the newspaper La"}, 'question': {'What sport is competed in the Giro de Italia?'}}

['cycling']

As a reading comprehension expert, you will receive context and question. Please understand the given Context first and then output the answer of the question based on the Context

{'context': {'[DOC] [TLE] Q.What is excommunication? - TargetStudy.comWhat is excommunication? [PAR] Excommunication is a religious censure used to deprive or suspend membership in a religious community. [PAR] The word literally means putting\xa0 someone out of communion. [PAR] In some religions, excommunication includes spiritual condemnation of the member or group. [PAR] Censures and sanctions sometimes follow excommunication; these include banishment, shunning, and shaming, depending on the religion, the offence that caused excommunication, or the rules or norms of the religious community.[DOC] [TLE] Excommunication (M2TW) - TWC Wiki - Total War CenterExcommunication (M2TW) - TWC Wiki [PAR] Excommunication (M2TW) [PAR] [ edit ] Definition [PAR] In the real world Excommunication is a religious censure used to deprive or suspend membership in a religious community. The word literally means out of communion, or no longer in communion. In some churches, excommunication includes spiritual condemnation of the member or group. Censures and sanctions sometimes follow excommunication; these include banishment, shunning, and shaming, depending on the group\'s religion or religious community. [PAR] [ edit ] Excommunication in Medieval 2: Total War [PAR] In the game Medieval 2: Total War , Catholic factions may be threatened by excommunication by the Pope - the head of the Catholic faith. This will come about principally by waging war against other (non-excommunicated) catholic factions. The Pope will usually give the player warning of imminent excommunication, thus providing an opportunity to avoid it. However, it may not always be in the players best interests to obey the Pope since giving in to his demands - usually by ceasing hostilities with a particular Catholic faction - may rob the player of his initiative and ultimately waste a great deal of resources that have already been committed to a war. [PAR] Regardless, should a player become excommunicated for whatever reason, his popularity in friendly Catholic settlements with suffer as a result until reconciliation occurs and certain family members are likely to pick up "dislikes catholic" traits . If you ignore the reason you were excommunicated your faction leader will develop the "excommunicated? HA!" trait which cancels out all negative effects of the "excommunicated" trait. [PAR] Also all settlements will receive up to a 20% public order penalty while excommunicated. The size of this penalty decreases as the level of Catholicism in the settlement decreases. This effectively acts as a partial disincentive to keep religious levels high because some of the penalty associated with religious unrest will be offset by a reduction in the excommunication penalty.[DOC] [TLE] Which individual power is not included in a governor\'s ...Which individual power is not included in a governor\'s powers of clemency? A. pardon B. reprieve C. parole D. excommunication [PAR] You have new items in your feed. Click to view. [PAR] Question and answer [PAR] Which individual power is not included in a governor\'s powers of clemency? A. pardon B. reprieve C. parole D. excommunication [PAR] The answer is D. Excommunication. Excommunication is a religious censure used to deprive, suspend or limit membership in a religious community. [PAR] Get an answer [PAR] Which individual power is not included in a governor\'s powers of clemency? A. pardon B. reprieve C. parole D. excommunication [PAR] Original conversation [PAR] User: Which individual power is not included in a governor\'s powers of clemency? A. pardon B. reprieve C. parole D. excommunication [PAR] Weegy: The answer is D. Excommunication. Excommunication is a religious censure used to deprive, suspend or limit membership in a religious community. [PAR] jher000 |Points 7981| [PAR] User: What is one way that cities and states could encourage new businesses to move to their area? A. by reducing or offering temporary tax breaks to the company B. by promising to rename streets after the company C. by raising taxes to support the company\'s move into their state or city D. by giving the company a civic award at a city or state banquet [PAR] Weegy: A. by reducing or offering temporary tax breaks to the company. [PAR] darkbakshi |Points 706| [PAR] User: What do most state constitutions include? A. a list of tasks for the mayor B. guidelines for agreements with foreign countries C. a declaration of rights and framework for the state'}, 'question': {'What is a religious censure used to deprive or suspend membership in a religious community?'}}

['excommunicate' 'excommunication' 'excommunicated' 'excommunications']

As a reading comprehension expert, you will receive context and question. Please understand the given Context first and then output the answer of the question based on the Context

{'context': {'[DOC] [TLE] Big Fish (2003) starring Ewan McGregor, Albert Finney ...Big Fish (2003) starring Ewan McGregor, Albert Finney, Billy Crudup, Jessica Lange directed by Tim Burton - movie review on The Movie Scene [PAR] \xa0 [PAR] A Fishy Tale [PAR] William Bloom (Billy Crudup) has spent his entire life having to listen to his father, Edward\'s (Ewan McGregor/Albert Finney), tall tales and now as a grown up he has had enough because he feels his father has not told him one truth his entire life. But having become estranged from his father, each too stubborn to make the first movie, William now has to contend with the fact that his father is dying and in truth he doesn\'t even know him. So heading home he tries to get to grips with who his dad really is and the point of all his tall tales. [PAR] For some the trouble with "Big Fish" is that they have pigeon-holed director Tim Burton in to a gothic shaped hole and his attempt to do something different doesn\'t make them happy, in fact some of the comments I have read are amusingly rude as to Burton\'s decision to do something which dare I say is sentimental. Yet maybe Burton wasn\'t the master of gothic, maybe Burton was just the master of unusual and if that is the case then "Big Fish" is very much a Burton movie and ticks many of the boxes including cameos from faces you might not have seen for a while such as Robert Guillaume as Dr. Bennett. [PAR] "Big Fish" is also typical Burton when you come to the cast and performances and every single one is not only good but quirky. In a way the quirky saves the movie because listening to Ewan McGregor toss out a southern accent is for me not very pleasant but okay when you have such an unusual movie. In fact on the whole "Big Fish" has some of the most enjoyable performances I have seen in a Tim Burton movie. [PAR] But then there is the story and how should I put this, "Big Fish" is adapted from a Daniel Wallace novel but it has the comical creativity of Roald Dahl, just a bit darker a bit quirkier than a Dahl movie. That is all fine and dandy if you love that sort of thing but I am not a big fan and as such whilst I didn\'t dislike "Big Fish" it didn\'t grab me like it would others who enjoy quirky dark tales but with a happy side. [PAR] What this all boils down to is that "Big Fish" is an okay movie, in many ways typical Tim Burton with its blend of comedy and quirks. But unlike his other gothic movies this is a much lighter movie which won\'t be to everyone\'s tastes. [PAR] Latest Movie Reviews[DOC] [TLE] Big Fish (Blu-ray) (2003) Starring Albert Finney; Directed ...Big Fish (Blu-ray) (2003) Starring Albert Finney; Directed by Tim Burton; Starring Ewan McGregor, Jessica Lange & Billy Crudup; Sony Pictures | OLDIES.com [PAR] Entertainment Reviews: [PAR] Rolling Stone - 12/11/2003 [PAR] "...[BIG FISH] brims with storytelling sorcery and Burton makes it glitter....[A] marvel of a movie..." [PAR] Entertainment Weekly - 12/12/2003 [PAR] "...BIG FISH turns into a wide-eyed Southern gothic picaresque in which each lunatic twist of a development is more enchanting than the last..." [PAR] New York Times - 12/10/2003 [PAR] "[Burton] is surely one of the most prodigiously imaginative filmmakers around....There are, true to form, some startling scenes in his new movie, BIG FISH." [PAR] Los Angeles Times - 12/10/2003 [PAR] "Burton cranks up the visual comedy of the character\'s self-mythology and lets it rip, sometimes to joyously dizzy effect." [PAR] USA Today - 01/13/2004 [PAR] "[T]he movie gets better as it goes, as Steve Buscemi and Helena Bonham Carter show up and the story works its way to a finale that can make grown men sniffle." [PAR] Chicago Sun-Times - 12/24/2003 [PAR] "[A] great-looking film, with a fantastical visual style that could be called'}, 'question': {'"Who directed the 2003 film starring Ewan McGregor, Billy Crudup and Albert Finney called ""Big Fish""?"'}}

['tim burton']

As a reading comprehension expert, you will receive context and question. Please understand the given Context first and then output the answer of the question based on the Context

{'context': {'[DOC] [TLE] Macmillan ELT | The Human body: The digestive systemMacmillan ELT | The Human body: The digestive system [PAR] The Human body: The digestive system [PAR] The pupils practise words related to the digestive system. [PAR] Author: Borja Uruñuela [PAR] To study the human digestive system. [PAR] Materials [PAR] Post-it™ notes, 6-8 pictures/flashcards of food, aAn enlarged diagram of the digestive system similar to the one in Activity 2, The Human body: The digestive system Worksheet [PAR] Language focus [PAR] Present simple, parts of the body [PAR] Content [PAR] Show more [PAR] Instruction [PAR] What’s missing?\xa0Put the pictures/flashcards of food up on the board and go through the words with the class. Bring two children to the front of the class and ask them to close their eyes or turn around so that they can’t see the board. Turn over or hide one of the food pictures and encourage the class to ask them\xa0What’s missing?\xa0The two children open their eyes and say what’s missing on the board. Continue with other pairs of children. [PAR] Completing The Human body: The digestive system Worksheet [PAR] Activity 1 [PAR] Write the parts of the body from Activity 1 on Post-its™. Bring two children to the front of the class. Label one of the children with one of the Post-its™, eg stick the word arm on his/her arm. Encourage the other child to stick another Post-it™ in the appropriate place. Invite some more children to continue with the rest of the Post-its™. Go through the parts of the body with the class and get them to repeat the words. [PAR] Ask the children\xa0How many hands have you got? One or two? Two! How many feet have you got? Two! How many heads have you got? One!\xa0etc. [PAR] Ask the children to write the words and numbers in Activity 1. [PAR] Answers:\xa0body (1); head (1); feet (2); hands (2); arms (2); legs (2); eyes (2); ears (2); mouth (1); nose (1) [PAR] Extra activity [PAR] The children write the names of different parts of the body on Post-its™ and then label each other (in pairs). [PAR] Fast finishers [PAR] The children draw the parts of the body from Activity 1. [PAR] \xa0 [PAR] Activity 2 [PAR] Show the children the food pictures and ask one child\xa0Do you like (apples)? Yes, I do / No, I don’t.\xa0Encourage the child to ask another child the same question. Let them continue 3 or 4 times and then change the picture. The children continue this chain drill with different kinds of food. [PAR] Put an enlarged diagram of the digestive system on the board or copy the one in Activity 2 (the children should be familiar with the digestive system and the words in their own L1 may be very similar to the English words). [PAR] Draw an apple on the board. Ask the children\xa0What do you eat with? Do you eat with your eyes? No! I eat with my mouth. So, this\xa0(point to the mouth)\xa0is the … mouth!\xa0Write\xa0mouth\xa0next to the mouth on your diagram of the digestive system (or write 1.\xa0mouth\xa0if your diagram is numbered like the one in Activity 2). Continue with the oesophagus, etc.\xa0What’s number two? Oesophagus. What’s number three?\xa0etc. [PAR] Go through the words and get the children to repeat them. [PAR] Ask the children to write the words in Activity 2. [PAR] Answers:\xa01-mouth;\xa02-oesophagus;\xa03-stomach;\xa04-small intestine;\xa05-large intestine [PAR] Activity 3 [PAR] Point to the diagram on the board and explain how the apple goes though the digestive system (either in L1 or L2) until the children understand the process and are familiar with the new vocabulary. 17 [PAR] Reinforce their understanding by asking the children\xa0Stomach'}, 'question': {'"""Peptic"" refers to which activity of the human body?"'}}

['digestive system']

As a reading comprehension expert, you will receive context and question. Please understand the given Context first and then output the answer of the question based on the Context

{'context': {'[DOC] [TLE] In The Life Of...The Beatles: "The Cumberland Gap"In The Life Of...The Beatles: "The Cumberland Gap" [PAR] Wednesday, September 23, 2009 [PAR] "The Cumberland Gap" [PAR] "The Cumberland Gap" is a traditional song that was released by Lonnie Donegan as well as the Vipers Skiffle Group, who had a top 10 hit with it in the UK. The Quarry Men covered the number live from 1957 to 1959. [PAR] Cumberland Gap (el. 1600 ft./488 m.) is a pass through the Cumberland Mountains region of the Appalachian Mountains, also known as the Cumberland Water Gap. Famous in American history for its role as the chief passageway through the central Appalachians, it was an important part of the Wilderness Road. Long used by Native Americans, the path was widened by a team of loggers led by Daniel Boone, making it accessible to pioneers, who used it to journey into the western frontiers of Kentucky and Tennessee. [PAR] Location [PAR] Cumberland Gap is located just north of the spot where the current-day states of Kentucky, Tennessee, and Virginia meet. The nearby town of Cumberland Gap, Tennessee takes its name from the pass. [PAR] The gap was formed by an ancient creek, flowing southward, which cut through the land being pushed up to form the mountains. As the land rose even more, the creek reversed direction flowing into the Cumberland River to the north. The gap was used by Native Americans and migrating animal herds. [PAR] History [PAR] The gap was named for Prince William Augustus, Duke of Cumberland, who had many places named for him in the American colonies after the Battle of Culloden. The explorer Thomas Walker gave the name to the Cumberland River in 1750, and the name soon spread to many other features in the region, such as the Cumberland Gap. [PAR] In 1775, Daniel Boone, hired by the Transylvania Company, led a company of men to widen the path through the gap to make settlement of Kentucky and Tennessee easier. The trail was widened in the 1790s to accommodate wagon traffic. [PAR] Map showing Cumberland Gap in relation to the Wilderness Road route from Virginia to Kentucky [PAR] It is estimated that between 200,000 and 300,000 immigrants passed through the gap on their way into Kentucky and the Ohio Valley before 1810. Today 18,000 cars pass beneath the site daily, and 1,200,000 people visit the park on the site annually. [PAR] U.S. Route 25E passed overland through the gap before the completion of the Cumberland Gap Tunnel in 1996. The original trail was then restored. [PAR] Geological features [PAR] The 12-mile (19 km) long Cumberland Gap consists of four geologic features: the Yellow Creek valley, the natural gap in the Cumberland Mountain ridge, the eroded gap in the Pine Mountain, and Middlesboro crater. [PAR] Middlesboro crater is a 3-mile (4.8 km) diameter meteorite impact crater in which Middlesboro, Kentucky is located. The crater was identified in 1966 when Robert Dietz discovered shatter cones in sandstone, which led to the further identification of shocked quartz. Shatter cones, a rock shattering pattern naturally formed only during impact events, are found in abundance in the area. In September 2003 the site was designated a Distinguished Geologic Site by the Kentucky Society of Professional Geologists. [PAR] Without Middlesboro crater, it would have been difficult for packhorses to navigate this gap and improbable that wagon roads would have been constructed at an early date. Middlesboro is the only place in the world where coal is mined inside an impact crater. Special mining techniques must be used in the complicated strata of this crater. (Milam & Kuehn, 36).[DOC] [TLE] Cumberland Gap - tititudorancea.netCumberland Gap [PAR] Cumberland Gap [PAR] This article is about a United States mountain pass. For other uses, see Cumberland Gap (disambiguation). [PAR] Not to be confused with the Cumberland Narrows, another water gap through the Appalachian Mountains. [PAR] Cumberland Gap (el. 1600 ft./488 m.) is a pass through the Cumberland Mountains region of the Appalachian Mountains , also known as the Cumberland Water Gap , at the juncture of the U.S. states of Tennessee , Kentucky , and Virginia . Famous in American history for its role as one key passageway through the lower central Appalachians, it was'}, 'question': {'Who led a team to make the Cumberland Gap, a way through the Appalachian Mountains, accessible to pioneers, who used it to journey into the western frontiers of Kentucky and Tennessee?'}}

['daniel boone']

As a reading comprehension expert, you will receive context and question. Please understand the given Context first and then output the answer of the question based on the Context

{'context': {'[DOC] [TLE] Montserrat - BritlinkMontserrat [PAR] Montserrat [PAR] Montserrat [PAR] Island of Montserrat [PAR] Montserrat is a British Overseas Territory located in the Caribbean. The island is located in the Leeward Islands, part of the chain of islands known as the Lesser Antilles, in the West Indies. Montserrat measures approximately 16 km (9.9 mi) long and 11 km (6.8 mi) wide, with approximately 40 kilometres (25 mi) of coastline. Montserrat is nicknamed The Emerald Isle of the Caribbean both for its resemblance to coastal Ireland and for the Irish ancestry of some of its inhabitants. [PAR] On 18 July 1995, the previously dormant Soufrière Hills volcano, in the southern part of the island, became active. Eruptions destroyed Montserrat’s Georgian era capital city of Plymouth and two-thirds of the island’s population was forced to flee. The volcanic activity continues, mostly affecting the vicinity of Plymouth, including its docking facilities, and the eastern side of the island around the former W. H. Bramble Airport, the remnants of which were buried by flows from volcanic activity on 11 February 2010. [PAR] An “exclusion zone” extending from the south coast of the island north to parts of the Belham Valley has been imposed because of the size of the existing volcanic dome and the resulting potential for pyroclastic activity. Visitors are generally not permitted entry into the exclusion zone, but an impressive view of the destruction of Plymouth can be seen from the top of Garibaldi Hill in Isles Bay. Relatively quiet since early 2010, the volcano continues to be closely monitored by the Montserrat Volcano Observatory. [PAR] A new town and port is being developed at Little Bay, which is on the northwest coast of the island. While this construction proceeds, the centre of government and businesses rests at Brades. [PAR] \xa0 [PAR] Flag of Montserrat [PAR] The flag is a Blue Ensign with the Union Flag in the canton and the Coat of arms of Montserrat in the fly. [PAR] The Coat of Arms of Montserrat was part of a grant of composite Arms given to the British colony of the Leeward Islands in 1909. The flag of Montserrat is simply the Montserrat arms placed on the fly of the British Blue Ensign and was taken into use sometime considerably after 1909, quite possibly after the colony of the Leeward Islands (which consisted of several British-administered islands in the region) dissolved in 1958, making Montserrat a stand-alone colony. [PAR] The arms feature Erin, the female personification of Ireland, and the golden harp, another symbol of Ireland. This reflects the colony’s Irish ancestry. [PAR] The Governor of Montserrat maintains a separate flag. The Governor’s flag consists of a Union Flag defaced with the coat of arms. This was introduced after the dissolution of the Leeward Islands in 1958, when Montserrat became a separate colonial entity. [PAR] \xa0 [PAR] Coat of arms of Montserrat [PAR] The coat of arms of Montserrat was first adopted in 1909. [PAR] The arms consist of a shield featuring a lady in green representing Erin, the female personification of Ireland, based on the mythology of Ériu. The lady is holding a golden harp, a symbol of Ireland that features in Ireland’s coat of arms. The cross she embraces with one arm symbolises Christianity. [PAR] The arms pay tribute to the Irish ancestry of Montserrat, as much of the population is descended from the Irish settlers exiled to the island by Oliver Cromwell in the 17th century. [PAR] The arms feature on the flag of Montserrat, and on the Union Flag used by the Governor of Montserrat. Montserrat is also commonly known as “The Emerald Isle of the Caribbean” because of its physical resemblance to Ireland & because its earliest settlers were Irish slaves, prisoners, indentured servants & loyal opposition soldiery. [PAR] \xa0 [PAR] History [PAR] Montserrat [PAR] Archaeological field work in 2012 in Montserrat’s Centre Hills indicated there was an Archaic (pre-Arawak) occupation between 4000 and 2500 BP. Later coastal sites show the presence of the Saladoid culture. In November 1493 Christopher Columbus passed Montserrat in his second voyage, after being told that the island was unoccupied due to raids by the Caribs. [PAR] Columbus named the island Santa María de Montserrat, after the Monastery of Montserrat, near Barcelona in the'}, 'question': {'In which sea is the British overseas territory of Montserrat?'}}

['caribbean']

As a reading comprehension expert, you will receive context and question. Please understand the given Context first and then output the answer of the question based on the Context

{'context': {'[DOC] [TLE] Curling - EncyclopediaCurling - Encyclopedia [PAR] Curling [PAR] GEOGRAPHICAL NAMES [PAR] CURLING, a game in which the players throw large rounded stones upon a rink or channel of ice, towards a mark called the tee. Where the game originated is not precisely known; but it has been popular in Scotland for three centuries at least. Some writers, looking to the name and technical terms of the game, trace its invention to the Netherlands; thus "curl" may have been derived from the Ger. kurzweil, a game; "tee" from the Teutonic tighen, to point out; "bonspiel," a district curling competition, from the Belgic bonne, a district, and spel, play; the further supposition that "rink" is merely a modification of the Saxon hrink, a strong man, seems scarcely tenable. Curling is called "kuting" in some parts of Lanarkshire and Ayrshire, and very much resembles quoiting on the ice, so that the name may have some connexion with the Dutch coete, a quoit; while Cornelis Kiliaan (1528-1607) in his Teutonic Dictionary gives the term khuyten as meaning a pastime in which large globes of stone like the quoit or discus are thrown upon ice. Possibly some of the Flemish merchants who settled in Scotland towards the close of the 16th century may have brought the game to the country. Unfortunately, however, for the theory that assigns to it a far-away origin, we find no early mention of it in the literature of the continent; while Camden, when describing the Orkney Islands in 5607, tells us that one of them supplies "plenty of excellent stones for the game called curling"; and incidental references to it as a game played in Scotland are made by several authors during the first half of the same century. [PAR] If the game be not indigenous to Scotland it certainly owes its development to that country, and in the course of time it has come to be the national sport. It was played at first with very\' rude engines - random whin boulders fashioned by nature alone, or misshapen granite blocks, bored through to let in the thumb of the player, having been the primitive channel stones. In course of years the rough block was superseded by a symmetrical object usually made of whinstone or granite, beautifully rounded, brilliantly polished, and supplied with a convenient handle. [PAR] Although curling boasts a literature of its own and songs innumerable, yet it has received but the scantiest notice from such important Scottish writers as Scott and Burns, or from contemporary literature in general. In 1834 an "Amateur Curling Club of Scotland" was formed, but this "mutual admiration amateur society came to nothing, as might be expected." Far more businesslike were the methods of the men who set afoot the "Grand Caledonian Curling Club," which began its existence on the r 5th of November 1838, and which, under its present title of "The Royal Caledonian Curling Club," is regarded in all parts of the world as the mother-club and legislative body, even in Canada, where, however, curling conditions differ widely from those of Scotland; devotion to the mother-club does not by any means imply submission. Starting with 28 allied clubs the Royal Club grew so rapidly that there were 500 such in 1880 and 720 in 1903. It was under the auspices of the Royal Caledonian that a body of Scottish curlers visited Canada and the United States in the winter of 1902-1903, and, while a slight margin of victory remained with the home players under their own climatic con ditions, the visit did much to bring together the lovers of the game on both sides of the Atlantic. The assumption of the title "Royal" in place of "Grand" was due to the visit of Queen Victoria and the prince consort to Scotland in 1842, on which occasion they were initiated into the mysteries of the game on the polished floor of the drawing-room in the Palace of Scone; and the prince consort, who was presented with a pair of curlingstones, consented to become patron of the club. On his death he was succeeded by the prince of Wales,'}, 'question': {'What game is played on ice with large stones fitted with handles with the aim to place them as close as possible to a fixed mark called a tee?'}}

['curling']

As a reading comprehension expert, you will receive context and question. Please understand the given Context first and then output the answer of the question based on the Context

{'context': {'[DOC] [TLE] Schroeder - Peanuts Wiki - WikiaSchroeder | Peanuts Wiki | Fandom powered by Wikia [PAR] Noah Johnston (2015) [PAR] Daniel Thornton (2016) [PAR] "I kind of like Schroeder. He’s fairly down to earth, but he has his problems too. He has to play on the painted black piano keys, and he thinks Beethoven was the first President of the United States." [PAR] Charles M. Schulz on Schroeder [PAR] Schroeder is a major male character in the Peanuts comic strip by Charles M. Schulz . He is distinguished by his precocious skill at playing the piano, as well as by his love of classical music and the composer Ludwig van Beethoven in particular. Schroeder is also the catcher on Charlie Brown\'s baseball team and the object of Lucy van Pelt \'s unrequited love . [PAR] After\xa0 Linus van Pelt and Snoopy , Schroeder is probably Charlie Brown \'s closest friend; he once angrily denounced Violet for giving Charlie Brown a used valentine well after Valentine\'s Day had come and gone (only to be undercut when Charlie Brown eagerly accepted it), and he is one of the few baseball players who has any respect for Charlie Brown as a manager (although he is as capable of ire at Charlie Brown\'s poor performance as anyone else, such instances are few and far between). [PAR] Contents [PAR] History [PAR] Schroeder\'s first appearance in the strip from May 30, 1951. [PAR] Schroeder was introduced as a baby on May 30, 1951 . Within a short time, however, he had aged to nearly the same age as the other characters. He initially had no notable characteristics, but Schulz eventually had the idea to incorporate his daughter Meredith\'s toy piano into the strip. He decided to give it to the strip\'s newest character, and thus the character as he is known to millions of fans was born. The origin of his name can be found in Schulz\'s 1975 book, Peanuts Jubilee: [PAR] "Schroeder was named after a young boy with whom I used to caddy at Highland Park golf course in St. Paul. I don\'t recall ever knowing his first name, but just \'Schroeder\' seemed right for the character in the script, even before he became the great musician he now is." [PAR] In the September 24, 1951 strip, Charlie Brown makes an attempt to show the infant how to play a toy piano, but is quickly embarrassed when Schroeder completely outclasses him. However, his love for Beethoven specifically did not begin until October 10 of that same year. [PAR] Character and appearance [PAR] A bust of Ludwig van Beethoven, Schroeder\'s favorite composer and hero. [PAR] Even though Schroeder is an accomplished musician, his piano is only a toy, and the black keys are merely painted on to the white keys. In one strip, Charlie Brown tries to get him to play a real piano, but Schroeder bursts out crying, intimidated by its size. [PAR] Ludwig van Beethoven is Schroeder\'s favorite composer, as revealed in the February 27, 1955 strip. In it, Lucy takes his bust of Beethoven and smashes it, but Schroeder simply takes another one from a closet full of Beethoven busts. Every year, Schroeder marks Beethoven\'s birthday on December 16, although in a series of strips from December 1957 he forgets the date, is in shock when he finds out about it the following day and feels terrible for several days afterwards. When Charlie Brown\'s baseball team was required to have a sponsor to play games, Schroeder chose "Beethoven" as a sponsor. In the early strips, Schroeder also played music by other composers. Schulz once remarked that he had originally decided to depict Johannes Brahms as Schroeder\'s favorite composer, but decided that Beethoven sounded "funnier." [PAR] Another distinguishing character trait of Schroeder is his constant refusal of Lucy\'s love. Lucy is infatuated with Schroeder, and frequently leans against his piano while he is playing, professing her love for him. However, since Beethoven was a lifelong bachelor, Schroeder feels that he must emulate every aspect of his idol\'s life - even though it is insinuated that he reciprocates Lucy\'s feelings. In a story arc where she and the rest of her family'}, 'question': {'Which character in the comic strip Charlie Brown plays the piano?'}}

['schroeder']

As a reading comprehension expert, you will receive context and question. Please understand the given Context first and then output the answer of the question based on the Context

{'context': {'[DOC] [TLE] X GamesThe X Games is an annual sports event, controlled and arranged by American sports broadcaster ESPN (with coverage also shown on its sister network ABC), which focuses on extreme sports. The inaugural X Games were held in the summer of 1995 in Newport, Rhode Island. Participants compete to win bronze, silver, and gold medals, as well as prize money. [PAR] The competition often features new tricks such as Tony Hawk\'s 900 in skateboarding, Travis Pastrana\'s double backflip in freestyle motocross, Heath Frisby\'s first ever snowmobile front flip in Snowmobile Best Trick, and Torstein Horgmo\'s first landed triple cork in a snowboard competition. Concurrent with competition is the "X Fest" sports and music festival, which offers live music, athlete autograph sessions, and interactive elements. [PAR] The X Games gained media exposure due to their big name sponsors, top-tier athletes, and consistent fan attendance. As the Journal of Sport Management (2006) explains, Generation X and Generation Y are the two demographics most highly valued by marketers. This creates a broad approach on marketing towards that certain demographic, which is why the X Games marketing and economic outlook is so "out of the box." According to ESPN (2008), in the Winter X Games inaugural year, 1997, 38,000 spectators attended the four-day event. In 1998, the attendance dropped to 25,000 spectators. But just two years later, a record attendance of 83,500 people attended the Winter X Games\' East Coast debut. The X Games and Winter X Games continue to grow with the popularity of action sports and the athletes who compete in them. [PAR] As part of the X Games, there have been performances by various rock bands over the years, as well as a DJ being on-site at all events. The X Games have made it a point since its founding to stage an eco-friendly event. Such measures include using biodiesel fuel in their vehicles and organizing recycling campaigns. [PAR] The X Games has never done drug tests to competitors, which has been criticized by the World Anti-Doping Agency director general David Howman and the International Olympic Committee president Thomas Bach. [PAR] Winter X Games [PAR] The Winter X Games VIII in 2002 was the first time that an X Games event was televised live and also had coverage by ESPN\'s flagship news program, SportsCenter. Viewership across the three networks that carried coverage of the event\xa0– ABC Sports, ESPN, and ESPN2\xa0– exceeded 2001\'s household average by 30% according to Nielsen Media Research. The event also reached record highs in several demographic categories. To accommodate the first-time live coverage, nighttime competitions were added, resulting in record attendance for the Aspen/Snowmass venue. [PAR] The 2002 Winter X Games was a huge year for ESPN and the X Games. It was the first year that the games were held in Aspen Colorado at Buttermilk Mountain. The Games continued to add new events including the ski slopestyle event, ski superpose event, snowboarding, skateboarding etc. The most memorable incident of the 2002 Games was when the entire 2002 U.S. Olympic freestyle snowboarding team showed up to compete in the Winter X snowboard superpipe event, just weeks before the Salt Lake City Olympics. Also in 2002, ESPN announced the establishment of the X Games Global Championship. The Global Championship featured two distinct venues hosting competitions in summer and winter action sports simultaneously. It consisted of six teams of the World\'s top athletes, grouped together by their region of origin, to compete in the four-day event. The winter sports were held in Whistler Blackcomb Resort in British Columbia, and the events included snowboarding and skiing. [PAR] The Winter X Games are held in January or February (usually in January) and the Summer X Games are usually held in August, both in the United States. The location of the Winter X Games is in Aspen, Colorado through 2019, while the location for the Summer X Games has been in Los Angeles, changing to Austin in June 2014. The X Games also has international competitions and demos around the world that are held at varying times throughout the year. The games are'}, 'question': {'Tony Hawk won 9 gold medals at what annual event between 1995 and 2002?'}}

['summer x games']

As a reading comprehension expert, you will receive context and question. Please understand the given Context first and then output the answer of the question based on the Context

{'context': {'[DOC] [TLE] Candela, Lumen, Lux: the equations - CompuPhaseCandela, Lumen, Lux: the equations [PAR] Candela, Lumen, Lux: the equations [PAR] You are here: Home > Articles > Electronics > Candela, Lumen, Lux [PAR] Navigation: [PAR] Candela, Lumen, Lux: the equations [PAR] \xa0 [PAR] Light is measured with different techniques, and therefore there is a handful of related, but different, units of measurements. This article gives a brief overview of the most widely used measures and presents a few equations for conversion of one measure into another. For convenience, a table with conversion calculators is at the bottom of this page. [PAR] Optical radiation covers a broad spectrum, including infrared and ultraviolet light. For the sake of brevity, this article focuses on visible light (the field of photometry). [PAR] Candela [PAR] The candela (unit cd) has its origin in the brightness of a "standard candle", but it has received a more precise definition in the International System of Units (SI) —and at that time the unit was also renamed from "candle" to "candela". [PAR] The candela measures the amount of light emitted in the range of a (three-dimensional) angular span. Since the luminous intensity is described in terms of an angle, the distance at which you measure this intensity is irrelevant. For ease of illustration, in the picture at the right the three dimensions have been flattened to two. In this picture, screen B would catch exactly the same amount of light rays (emitted from the light source) as screen A —provided that screen A were removed to not obscure screen B. This is because screen B covers the same angle as screen A. [PAR] The angular span for candela is expressed in steradian, a measure without unit (like radian for angles in a two-dimensional space). One steradian on a sphere with a radius of one metre gives a surface of one m2. A full sphere measures \\\\( 4\\\\pi \\\\) steradians. [PAR] See the section on lux for the relation between candela and lux. [PAR] Lumen [PAR] If you look at LEDs, especially high-brightness LEDs, you may notice that the LEDs with a high luminous intensity (in candela or milli-candela, mcd) typically have a narrow apex angle . Similarly, LEDs with a wide apex angle typically have a relatively low luminous intensity. The same is true for halogen spots with reflector: those with a narrow-beam reflector have a higher rating in candela than the "floodlight" spots of the same power. [PAR] The cause for this relation is the total energy produced by the LED. LEDs of a specific class (for example, "high flux") all produce roughly the same amount of luminous energy. However, when a LED emits its total energy in a beam with a narrow angle, the intensity will be greater (in the direction of that angle) than when the same energy had been emitted over a wide angle. [PAR] The lumen (unit lm) gives the total luminous flux of a light source by multiplying the intensity (in candela) by the angular span over which the light is emitted. With the symbol \\\\( \\\\Phi_v \\\\) for lumen, \\\\( I_v \\\\) for candela and \\\\( \\\\Omega \\\\) for the angular span in steradian, the relation is: [PAR] \\\\[ \\\\Phi_v = I_v \\\\cdot \\\\Omega \\\\] [PAR] If a light source is isotropic (meaning: uniform in all directions), \\\\( \\\\Phi_v = 4\\\\pi\\\\ I_v \\\\). This is because a sphere measures \\\\( 4\\\\pi \\\\) steradians. See the topic on apex angles to get the three-dimensional angular span \\\\( \\\\Omega \\\\) from an opening angle. [PAR] As a frame of reference, a standard 120V/60W light bulb is rated at 850 lm, and the equivalent 230V/60W light bulb is rated at 700 lm. A low voltage (12V) tungsten halogen lamp of 20W gives approximately 310 lm. [PAR] Lux [PAR] Lux (unit lx) is a measure of illumination of a surface. Light meters often measure lux values (or footcandles, but these are directly related: one footcandle is 10.764 lx).'}, 'question': {'A candela is a measure of what?'}}

['luminous intensity']

As a reading comprehension expert, you will receive context and question. Please understand the given Context first and then output the answer of the question based on the Context

{'context': {"[DOC] [TLE] Malta: Marsamxett Harbour and Grand Harbour Cruise by NightMalta: Marsamxett Harbour and Grand Harbour Cruise by Night [PAR] Malta: Marsamxett Harbour and Grand Harbour Cruise by Night [PAR] Malta: Marsamxett Harbour and Grand Harbour Cruise by Night [PAR] Product ID: 24280 [PAR] Spanish, French, German, Italian, Maltese, Russian [PAR] Select date and participants: [PAR] Enjoy a delightful night harbour cruise by a Maltese boat [PAR] See 2 beautiful and famous harbours and 10 creeks [PAR] See the amazing battlements and fortifications round the place [PAR] Overview [PAR] Cruise though two natural harbors, the Grand Harbour and the Marsamxett Harbour, and visit ten creeks, located at either side of the capital city of Valletta. Relax and enjoy the various breathtaking sights, including the Yacht Marina. [PAR] What to Expect [PAR] Enjoy an interesting and relaxing cruise through two natural harbors, the Marsamxett Harbour, and the famous Grand Harbour. Delight in the beauty of these harbors rich in history and traditional Maltese culture. [PAR] On this tour, you will also visit ten of Malta's creeks. As you depart the Strand Sliema, you will cruise inside Sliema Creek, around Manoel Island to Lazzaretto Creek, better known as the Yacht Marina, round Ta'Xbiex to Msida & Pieta Creeks, cruising by the battlements and fortifications surrounding Valletta and Floriana to the Grand Harbour. [PAR] Then, you will proceed to Menqa Creek, Marsa Creek, and the inner basin to see the Malta Ship Building Yard. You will continue on to the French Creek and the Dockyard Area, round the Three Cities Senglea, Cospicua, and Vittoriosa, and back to Sliema, cruising right inside 10 creeks. [PAR] What's Included [PAR] Transport from the Hotel to Sliema & Back [PAR] Detailed Commentary on Board[DOC] [TLE] Valletta from Marsamxett Harbour - Picture of Valletta ...Valletta from Marsamxett Harbour - Picture of Valletta, Island of Malta - TripAdvisor [PAR] Want the lowest hotel prices? You're in the right place. We check 200+ sites for you. [PAR] Valletta from Marsamxett Harbour - Picture of Valletta, Island of Malta [PAR] Review a place you’ve visited [PAR] JOIN [PAR] Valletta Photo: Valletta from Marsamxett Harbour [PAR] Filter photos by [PAR] Photo of Valletta, Island of Malta (a Facebook Member, Sep 2009) [PAR] Rate: [PAR] Photo of Valletta, Island of Malta (AmrikSinghAidan, Aug 2009) [PAR] Rate: [PAR] Valletta from Marsamxett Harbour (Catherine0102, Aug 2009) [PAR] Rate: [PAR] St John's co-cathedral - outside (Catherine0102, Aug 2009) [PAR] Rate: [PAR] Photo of Valletta, Island of Malta (Catherine0102, Aug 2009) [PAR] Rate: [PAR] Photo of Valletta, Island of Malta (Catherine0102, Aug 2009) [PAR] 15,703-15,708 of 16,264 [PAR] © 2017 TripAdvisor LLC All rights reserved. TripAdvisor Terms of Use , Privacy Policy , and Cookie Policy . [PAR] * TripAdvisor LLC is not a booking agent and does not charge any service fees to users of our site... (more) [PAR] TripAdvisor LLC is not responsible for content on external web sites. Taxes, fees not included for deals content. [PAR] TripAdvisor uses cookies to improve your site experience. Learn more or change your settings. By continuing, you consent to our cookies.[DOC] [TLE] Marsamxett Harbour - Profile - Noonsite.comMarsamxett Harbour — [PAR] \xa0Marsamxett Harbour - Profile [PAR] Location [PAR] Malta has been blessed by nature with one of the best natural harbours in the Mediterranean and the decline of its traditional role as a Navy base and shipping centre has led to the development of its yachting facilities, which are already among the best in the region. [PAR] Marsamxett Harbour is on the northern side of the peninsula on which sits the city of Valletta, the other side of which is Grand Harbour . [PAR] Photo of Marsamxett Harbour :© http://marinamalta.com/ [PAR] Clearance [PAR] All arriving yachts should call Malta Port Authority before entering the harbour. This is a formality and a safety issue as there is alot of traffic going in and out of the harbours. [PAR] On arrival all yachts arriving from non-EU waters have to report at the Customs Office, Grand Harbour or via the Msida Marina ( see map ). Go to visit them with passports and boat papers after you have berthed or anchored. Everyone is"}, 'question': {'On which island is Marsamxett Harbour?'}}

['malta']

As a reading comprehension expert, you will receive context and question. Please understand the given Context first and then output the answer of the question based on the Context

{'context': {"[DOC] [TLE] Croissant - definition of croissant by The Free DictionaryCroissant - definition of croissant by The Free Dictionary [PAR] Croissant - definition of croissant by The Free Dictionary [PAR] http://www.thefreedictionary.com/croissant [PAR] Also found in: Thesaurus , Acronyms , Wikipedia . [PAR] crois·sant [PAR] A rich, crescent-shaped roll of leavened dough or puff pastry. [PAR] [French, from Old French creissant, croissant, crescent; see crescent.] [PAR] croissant [PAR] (Cookery) a flaky crescent-shaped bread roll made of a yeast dough similar to puff pastry [PAR] [French, literally: crescent] [PAR] (Fr. krwɑˈsɑ̃; Eng. krəˈsɑnt, kwɑ-) [PAR] n., pl. -sants (Fr. -ˈsɑ̃; Eng. -ˈsɑnts) [PAR] a crescent-shaped roll of rich, flaky pastry. [PAR] [1895–1900; < French: literally, crescent ] [PAR] ThesaurusAntonymsRelated WordsSynonymsLegend: [PAR] bun , roll - small rounded bread either plain or sweet [PAR] Translations [PAR] [ˈkwæsɒŋ] N → croissant m, cruasán m, medialuna f (esp LAm) [PAR] croissant [PAR] [ˈkrwæsɒŋ] n → croissant m inv, cornetto [PAR] croissant [PAR] (ˈkrwaːs) noun [PAR] a crescent-shaped bread roll. croissant رَغيف خُبْز شَبيه بِالهِلال кроасан croissant rohlík (francouzský), croissant das Croissant croissant κρουασάν croissant , cruasán croissant, võisarv نان شیرینی هلالی شکل voisarvi croissant קְרוֹאָסוֹן एक तरह की रोटी kroasan kifli roti berbentuk bulan sabit smjördeigshorn croissant , cornetto クロワッサン 크루아상 빵 ragelis radziņš croissant croissant horn rogalik هلالی شکله خوږه ډوډی croissant croissant круассан rožok rogljič kroasan giffel, croissant ขนมปังชนิดหนึ่งรูปร่างคล้ายพระจันทร์เสี้ยว tereyağlı ay çöreği 可頌麵包 круасан هلال ك\u200dے شكل كى روٹ\u200dي bánh sừng bò 羊角面包 [PAR] Want to thank TFD for its existence? Tell a friend about us , add a link to this page, or visit the webmaster's page for free fun content . [PAR] Link to this page: [PAR] cook with the kids [PAR] INGREDIENTS 4 large, day-old croissants 3 egg yolks 40g golden caster sugar 15g plain flour 2 tsp cornflour 200ml whole milk; 50ml single cream 1 tsp Nielsen-Massey vanilla bean paste Grated zest of half a lemon 15g flaked almonds Golden icing sugar for dusting METHOD | Whisk together egg yolks and sugar. [PAR] THE EASIEST (IF NOT THE PRETTIEST) PUD IN THE WORLD [PAR] Cette campagne vise a soutenir les efforts des etablissements publics de sante en vue de mettre en place des programmes de secours de proximite, en parfaite harmonie avec le plan strategique 2011-2015 du Croissant Rouge marocain et les orientations generales de la Federation internationale des societes de la Croix-Rouge et du Croissant-Rouge, dans le domaine de la sante. [PAR] SAR la Princesse Lalla Malika preside la ceremonie de celebration de la journee mondiale de la Croix Rouge et du Croissant Rouge [PAR] Mme Messoudi a rappele que le Croissant rouge etait present en Libye pendant le conflit en 2011 qui avait chasse du pouvoir le dirigeant Mouammar Kadhafi, tue durant sa capture, et que l'organisation avait conduit ses operations humanitaires en toute impartialite.[DOC] [TLE] What does croissant mean? - Definitions.netWhat does croissant mean? [PAR] Definitions for croissantFr. krwɑˈsɑ̃; Eng. krəˈsɑnt, kwɑ-; Fr. -ˈsɑ̃; {{ii}}Eng.{{/ii [PAR] This page provides all possible meanings and translations of the word croissant [PAR] Princeton's WordNet(0.00 / 0 votes)Rate this definition: [PAR] crescent roll, croissant(noun) [PAR] very rich flaky crescent-shaped roll [PAR] Wiktionary(0.00 / 0 votes)Rate this definition: [PAR] croissant(Noun) [PAR] A flaky roll or pastry in a form of a crescent. [PAR] Origin: From croissant, present participle of croître (“to grow”). [PAR] Freebase(0.00 / 0 votes)Rate this definition: [PAR] Croissant [PAR] A croissant is a buttery flaky viennoiserie bread roll named for its well known crescent shape. Croissants and other viennoiserie are made of a layered yeast-leavened dough. The dough is layered with butter, rolled and folded several times in succession, then rolled into a sheet, in a technique called laminating. The process results in a layered, flaky texture, similar to a puff pastry. Crescent-shaped food breads have been made since the Middle Ages, and crescent-shaped cakes possibly since old times. Croissants have long been a staple of French bakeries and pâtisseries. In the late 1970s, the development of factory-made, frozen"}, 'question': {'"What does the French word ""croissant"" mean?"'}}

['crescent']

As a reading comprehension expert, you will receive context and question. Please understand the given Context first and then output the answer of the question based on the Context

{'context': {'[DOC] [TLE] Hawaii travel guide - WikitravelHawaii travel guide - Wikitravel [PAR] Time Zone [PAR] UTC -10(No DST) [PAR] Hawaii [1] ( Hawaiian : Hawaiʻi, sometimes pronounced ha-VAI-ee by locals) is the 50th state of the United States of America . Situated nearly at the center of the north Pacific Ocean, Hawaii marks the northeast corner of Polynesia . While it was once a major hub for the whaling, sugar and pineapple industries, it is now economically dependent on tourism and the U.S. military. The natural beauty of the islands continues to be one of Hawaii\'s greatest assets. Honolulu is the state\'s capital, largest city, and cultural hub. Hawaiian and English are the official languages of Hawaii. [PAR] Islands[ edit ] [PAR] Map of Hawaii [PAR] Hawaii is an archipelago of over nineteen distinct volcanic islands located over a geological "hot spot" in the Central Pacific. The Pacific plate on which the islands ride moves to the northwest, so in general the islands are older and smaller (due to erosion) as you move from southeast to northwest. There are eight major islands, six of which are open to tourism. [PAR] Hawaii (Hawaiʻi) – almost always called the Big Island to avoid confusion – is the largest of the islands and home to Mauna Kea, Mauna Loa (the largest and one of the most active volcanoes on Earth), Hawaii Volcanoes National Park [2] , coffee and macadamia nut plantations, working ranches, and even green sand beaches. Kailua-Kona is the busiest part of the island on the dry, leeward side, and near the mega-resort Kohala Coast area with nearly zero annual precipitation. The saddle road (quite passable and a must see--despite what rental car companies say) passes between the massive volcanoes and connects Kohala with Hilo , the largest town on the windward side with annual precipitation of more than 300 inches per year. Unlike anywhere else on Earth and definitely worth a look. [PAR] Oahu (Oʻahu), nicknamed "the Gathering Place," is the most populous and developed island. Its southern shore is home to the city of Honolulu , the state capital and largest city; four out of every five kama\'aina (Hawaii residents) call it home. It is the governmental and commercial center of the state, and Waikiki Beach is arguably the best known tourist destination in Hawaii. Outside the city are pineapple fields, and the North Shore of Oahu, which is known each winter as the home of some of the largest waves in the world. The USS Arizona National Memorial at Pearl Harbor is also very popular visitor destination. [PAR] Maui is the second largest island in the chain and is home to 10,023 foot (3,055 m) tall volcanic mountain crater of Haleakala. It is nicknamed "the Valley Isle" for the narrow plain between Haleakala and the West Maui mountains. On the west side of the island are the resort areas of Lahaina , Kaanapali and Kapalua , while the south side is home to Kihei , and Wailea . On the east side is the tiny village of Hana , reached by one of the most winding and beautiful roads in the world. [PAR] Kauai (Kauaʻi), the "Garden Isle," is home to several natural wonders, such as the Wailua River, Waimea Canyon, and the Na Pali Coast. Mount Waialeale is known as one of the rainiest spots in the world. [PAR] Molokai (Molokaʻi), the "Friendly Isle," is one of the least developed islands in the chain. It is home to Kalaupapa, the leper colony on Molokai\'s north shore that was the home of Father Damien. [PAR] Lanai (Lānaʻi) was at one time completely owned by Dole Foods and was the largest pineapple plantation in the world; it is now home to several exclusive resorts. [PAR] Niihau (Niʻihau) is a privately owned island with an entirely Native Hawaiian population. Until very recently, the island was off limits to all but family members and invited guests of the owners. Tourism to the island is limited to helicopter, ATV, and hunting excursions originating on Kauai. [PAR] Kahoolawe (Kahoʻolawe), which was once a former U.S. Navy bombing range,'}, 'question': {'What country is due north of Hawaii?'}}

['states of america' 'america' 'us' 'united states' 'usa' 'united states of america']

As a reading comprehension expert, you will receive context and question. Please understand the given Context first and then output the answer of the question based on the Context

{'context': {'[DOC] [TLE] Handel\'s Messiah - Classical Music, Composers, and OperasHandel\'s Messiah - HWV 56, 1741 [PAR] Updated February 20, 2016. [PAR] Facts About Handel\'s Messiah: [PAR] George Frideric Handel \'s Messiah is more often than not referred to as The Messiah. Although it is officially incorrect and should simply be called Messiah, it is widely accepted and commonly used. [PAR] Handel\'s Messiah was intended as a thought provoking work for Easter and Lent , but it became more of a Christmastime tradition. [PAR] Messiah became so popular during the 19th century, musicians began making their performances larger than Handel had intended by writing parts for additional instruments and bringing in greater numbers of performers, while unintentionally losing the core of the original work. [PAR] Origins of Handel\'s Messiah [PAR] The creation of Handel\'s Messiah was actually induced by Handel\'s librettist, Charles Jennens. Jennens expressed in a letter to his friend that he wanted to create a Scriptural anthology set to music by Handel. Jennens\' desire quickly turned into reality when Handel composed the entire work in only twenty-four days. [PAR] continue reading below our video [PAR] Top 5 Grossing Movies of All Time [PAR] Jennens wished for a London debut in the days leading to Easter, however, a doubtful Handel anticipated such a wish would not be granted. A year after the work was completed, Handel received an invitation to perform his music in Dublin to which he joyously agreed. [PAR] About the Librettist and Libretto [PAR] Charles Jennens, a literary scholar, editor of Shakespeare\'s plays , and an admirer of Handel\'s work, received his education from Balliol College, Oxford. Before working on Messiah, Jennens had previously worked with Handel on Saul and L\'Allegro, il Penseroso ed il moderato. Jennens chose the Old and New Testament texts from the King James Bible. While a large portion of the libretto comes from the Old Testament, specifically the book of Isaiah, the few Scriptures from the New Testament include Matthew, Luke, John, Hebrews, First Corinthians, and Revelations. [PAR] About the Music [PAR] Throughout Messiah Handel employs a technique called text painting (the musical notes mimic the lines of text). Listen to this excerpt of Handel\'s "Glory to God" on YouTube and notice how the sopranos, altos, and tenors sing the line "Glory to God in the highest" highly and triumphantly as if in heaven followed by the bass and baritone line "and peace on earth" sung in low tones as if their feet are firmly planted on the ground. If you listen to Messiah\xa0while reading the libretto, you\'ll quickly discover just how many times Handel employs this technique. Though it\'s been in use since the emergence of gregorian chant, it\'s a fantastic way to convey meaning and provide emphasis to certain words or phrases. [PAR] Jennens divided Messiah into three acts, giving the audience a better understanding of the music while simultaneously retaining its opera-like qualities. When performed in its entirety, the concert can last well over two and a half hours.\xa0 [PAR] Excerpts from Handel\'s Messiah [PAR] Not familiar with the music of Handel\'s\xa0Messiah? Have no fear! The famous\xa0 oratorio \xa0has over 50 movements within its three act structure. \xa0So not to be overwhelmed by the copious amount of music, I\'ve put together a small list of of highly enjoyable excerpts from this famous piece of music.\xa0 See my list of lyrics and excerpts from Handel\'s\xa0Messiah \xa0with links to YouTube recordings. [PAR] Messiah\'s First Performance [PAR] Messiah\'s\xa0debut performance was met with eager ears in Dublin, Ireland\'s Great Music Hall on Fishamble Street on April 13, 1742. However, at its premiere, Handel\'s masterpiece was presented as\xa0A Sacred Oratorio.\xa0It is unknown if Handel had planned to debut his oratorio there, but six months prior he had arranged to present a series of six concerts after receiving an invitation from the Lord Lieutenant of Ireland. The winter performances were so popular, Handel arranged to continue presenting concerts in Dublin. Messiah\xa0was not performed in any of these concerts.\xa0In March 1742, Handel began working with a few committees to present Messiah'}, 'question': {'"What type of music is Handel\'s ""Messiah""?"'}}

['oratorios' 'oratorio']

As a reading comprehension expert, you will receive context and question. Please understand the given Context first and then output the answer of the question based on the Context

{'context': {'[DOC] [TLE] Abbie Hoffman (1936 – 1989) | JSourceAbbie Hoffman (1936 – 1989) | JSource [PAR] Abbie Hoffman (1936 – 1989) [PAR] Reference: Wikipedia [PAR] Abbot Howard Hoffman (November 30, 1936 – April 12, 1989) [PAR] Abbot Howard “Abbie” Hoffman\xa0(November 30, 1936 – April 12, 1989) was a political and social activist who co-founded the\xa0Youth International Party\xa0(“Yippies”). [PAR] Hoffman was arrested and tried for\xa0conspiracy\xa0and\xa0inciting to riot\xa0as a result of his role in\xa0protests\xa0that led to violent confrontations with\xa0police\xa0during the\xa01968 Democratic National Convention, along with\xa0 Jerry Rubin ,\xa0David Dellinger,\xa0Tom Hayden,\xa0Rennie Davis,\xa0John Froines,\xa0Lee Weiner\xa0and\xa0Bobby Seale. The group was known collectively as the “Chicago Eight”; when Seale’s prosecution was separated from the others, they became known as the\xa0Chicago Seven. While the defendants were initially convicted of intent to incite a riot, the verdicts were overturned on appeal. [PAR] Hoffman came to prominence in the 1960s, and continued practicing his activism in the 1970s, and has remained a symbol of the\xa0youth\xa0rebellion\xa0of that era.[1] [PAR] Biography [PAR] Early life and education [PAR] Hoffman was born November 30, 1936 in\xa0Worcester, Massachusetts\xa0to John Hoffman and Florence Schamberg, both of Jewish descent. Hoffman was raised in a middle class household and had two younger siblings. As a child in the 1940s-50s, he was a member of what has been described as “the transitional generation between the\xa0beatniks\xa0and\xa0hippies”. He described his childhood as “idyllic” and the 40s as “a great time to grow up in”. On June 3, 1954, the 17-year-old Hoffman was arrested for the first time, for driving without a license. During his school days, he became known as a troublemaker who started fights, played pranks, vandalized school property, and referred to teachers by their first names. In his sophomore year, Hoffman was expelled from Classical High School, a now-closed public high school in Worcester. As an atheist,[2]\xa0Hoffman wrote a paper declaring that “God could not possibly exist, for if he did, there wouldn’t be any suffering in the world.” The irate teacher ripped up the paper and called him “a communist punk”. Hoffman jumped on the teacher and started fighting him until he was restrained and removed from the school.[3]\xa0After his expulsion, he attended\xa0Worcester Academy, graduating in 1955. Hoffman did many of the things typical of rebellious teenagers in the 1950s such as driving motorcycles, wearing leather jackets, and sporting a\xa0ducktail\xa0haircut. He enrolled in\xa0Brandeis University, where he studied under professors such as noted\xa0psychologist\xa0Abraham Maslow, often considered the father of\xa0humanistic psychology.[4]\xa0He was also a student of the\xa0Marxist\xa0theorist\xa0Herbert Marcuse, whom Hoffman said had a profound effect on his political outlook after studying his philosophy. Hoffman would later cite Marcuse’s influence during his activism and his theories on revolution. Hoffman graduated with a\xa0B.A.\xa0in\xa0psychology\xa0in 1959. That fall, he enrolled at the\xa0University of California, Berkeley, where he completed coursework toward a\xa0master’s degree\xa0in psychology. Soon after, he married his pregnant girlfriend Sheila Karklin in May 1960. [PAR] Early protests [PAR] Prior to his days as a leading member of the\xa0Yippie\xa0movement, Hoffman was involved with the\xa0 Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee \xa0( SNCC ), and organized “Liberty House”, which sold items to support the\xa0Civil Rights Movement\xa0in the southern United States. During the\xa0Vietnam War, Hoffman was an\xa0anti-war\xa0activist, using deliberately comical and theatrical tactics. [PAR] In October 1967,\xa0David Dellinger\xa0of the\xa0National Mobilization Committee to End the War in Vietnam\xa0asked Jerry Rubin to help mobilize and direct a March on the Pentagon.[5]\xa0The protesters gathered at the\xa0Lincoln Memorial\xa0as'}, 'question': {'By what name were Abbie Hoffman, Jerry Rubin, David Dellinger, Tom Hayden, Rennie Davis, John Froines, Lee Weiner, and Bobby Seale collectively known when they appeared before Judge Julius Hoffman in 1969?'}}

['chicago seven conspiracy trial' 'chicago eight' 'chicago seven']

As a reading comprehension expert, you will receive context and question. Please understand the given Context first and then output the answer of the question based on the Context

{'context': {'[DOC] [TLE] Chariots of Fire, review: \'inspirational\' - TelegraphChariots of Fire, review: \'inspirational\' - Telegraph [PAR] Film Reviews [PAR] Chariots of Fire, review: \'inspirational\' [PAR] Chariots of Fire, with a screenplay from the late Colin Welland and starring Ian Charleson and Ben Cross, is an Olympic flame that’s still burning brightly [PAR] 5 [PAR] By Robbie Collin , Chief Film Critic [PAR] 1:47PM GMT 03 Nov 2015 [PAR] U cert, 123 min [PAR] Dir: Hugh Hudson; starring Ian Charleson, Ben Cross, Nigel Havers [PAR] Chariots of Fire covers arduous ground — faith, conviction and history (both the making of it and the living up to it) — but it does so with the same courage and sincerity that drives the two young men at its heart. [PAR] They are, of course, Eric Liddell and Harold Abrahams, respectively the Scottish evangelical Christian and Cambridge-educated Jew who ran for Great Britain, among other causes, at the 1924 Olympics. [PAR] Much has been written about the two extraordinary lead performances, and Ian Charleson and Ben Cross certainly fit the roles as snugly as Lycra does muscle. But director Hugh Hudson and writer Colin Welland invest just as much in the lightly sketched characters on the film’s periphery: I love Patrick Magee’s portrayal of Lord Cadogan, a cabbagey peer of the realm, and Dennis Christopher’s Charles Paddock, an American runner of almost extraterrestrial lissomness. The screenplay was by Colin Welland, who won an Oscar. [PAR] The opening beach run, set in Broadstairs but filmed in St Andrews – and soundtracked with that anachronistic yet curiously fitting electronic score by Vangelis – has become iconic; but for me the film’s finest sequence is the 100-metre sprint final in Paris. [PAR] The race itself is over almost before it begins — and then Hudson shows us it again, decelerated and deconstructed, allowing us to take pleasure in Abrahams’s athleticism in the same way Liddell believes God does in his. [PAR] Even after 31 years, Chariots of Fire doesn’t simply impress; it inspires. [PAR] • On November 3 2015, Oscar-winning writer and actor Colin Welland died aged 81. Welland, a Lancashire-born father-of-four who acted in everything from Kes to Z Cars, won his Academy Award for the screenplay of Chariots of Fire in 1981, famously waving his statue and announcing in his acceptance speech: "The British are coming!"[DOC] [TLE] Movie Review: Chariots of Fire - louisereviews.comMovie Review: Chariots of Fire [PAR] You are here: Home / Reviews / Movies / Chariots of Fire [PAR] Chariots of Fire [PAR] 24 April 2012 by Louise Leave a Comment [PAR] Released: 1981 [PAR] Starring: Ben Cross, Ian Charleson [PAR] Pain, sacrifice and glory – must be the Olympics [PAR] It’s now less than 100 days to the opening of the London Olympics and there’s a lot of cynicism out there about it. The traveling is going to be hell, the cost is spiraling out of control, the mascots are a bit weird and so on. It sometimes feels like I’m the only person who’s still excited by the prospect of the world’s greatest sporting event on the doorstep. I have tickets for four events and would have loved more. Even though it’s still three months away I’m starting to get in the mood now with some Olympics themed books and movies. [PAR] It’s actually harder than you might imagine to find Olympic movies that aren’t saccharine filled American TV movies but I started with perhaps the most famous one -1981’s Chariots of Fire [PAR] . [PAR] Harold Abrahams and Eric Liddell are both determined athletes with their hearts and minds set on running in the 1924 Paris Olympics and winning gold in the 100m race. Abrahams is a Jewish student at Cambridge University where he encounters friendship and support but also anti-Semitism which spurs him on even more to succeed. Liddell is a Scottish missionary who believes that he has been given a gift by God and the best way to honour the Almighty is to win the greatest race on earth – but his plans are thrown into disarray when he discovers that the qualifying run will be held on a Sunday, the day of'}, 'question': {'"What sport is featured in ""Chariots of Fire"", a 1981 film starring Ben Cross?"'}}

['running']

As a reading comprehension expert, you will receive context and question. Please understand the given Context first and then output the answer of the question based on the Context

{'context': {'[DOC] [TLE] North Pole Facts - history of north pole, geographic north ...North Pole Facts - history of north pole, geographic north pole, north pole population, north pole temperature, animals and other [PAR] Home » North Pole Facts - geographic, climate, population, discovery [PAR] North Pole Facts - geographic, climate, population, discovery [PAR] North Pole definition [PAR] North Pole (Geographic North Pole, Terrestrial North Pole) is situated in the norther hemisphere where the Earth\'s axis of rotation meets the Earth\'s surface. There is a big difference between Geographic North Pole and Magnetic North Pole. The Earth\'s North Magnetic Pole is the point on the Earth\'s surface at which the Earth\'s magnetic field points vertically downwards. Magnetic north pole location moves constantly with time. The location of magnetic north pole was defined at 82.7°N 114.4°W in 2005. James Clark Ross was first who reached the North Magnetic Pole in June 1, 1831. The fact is that the Magnetic North Pole is physically a magnetic field south pole. [PAR] North Pole location [PAR] The North Pole is located in the middle of the Arctic Ocean which constantly covered with shifting sea ice. The North Pole latitude is 90° North. At the North Pole all lines of longitude converge there, so North Pole longitude can be defined as any degree value. Greenland is the closest land to geographic north pole (700 km / 440 mi away). [PAR] Day and Night [PAR] Sun is constantly above the horizon during the summer months (187 days) and constantly below the horizon during the winter months (178 nights) at the North Pole. There are White nights during 15-16 days before sunrise and after sunset at North Pole. Moonrise over the North Pole reminds the sunrise but it appears monthly. You can see the moon at North Pole during 2 weeks per month. [PAR] North Pole climate [PAR] North Pole weather is much warmer than in South Pole. It is situated in Polar climate zone. The average north pole temperature during winter time is -34°C (-30°F) and average North Pole summer temperature is 0°C (32°F). The temperature of North Pole changes during last 20 years. Many scientists consider it as a result of global warming. The thickness of ice at the north pole is 3-4 meters. [PAR] History of North Pole exploration [PAR] The exploration of North Pole has a long history. It is known North Pole fact that the first man who cross Arctic Circle was Greek geographer and explorer Pytheas of Massilia at about 320 BC. So he is considered a first Polar explorer. The first North Pole map was made by D. Gerasimov, Russian sailor, in the first half of XVI century. But nevertheless the main steps of North Pole discovery were made much later - in the beginning of the last century. Explorers and enthusiasts tried to achieve North Pole using all possible ways – dog sleds and planes, dirigibles and nuclear icebreakers, skis and parachutes. [PAR] It is considered that the first person in the North Pole was Robert Peary. He claimed that he reached the North Pole on April 6, 1909 together with Matthew Henson and four Inuit men. However, it is still controversial north pole fact. People, who accompanied Peary during the journey, weren\'t trained in navigation and couldn\'t independently confirm his own navigational results. The other American explorer Frederick Albert Cook stated to have reached the North Pole on April 21, 1908, but he didn\'t provide the convincing proof. [PAR] The new step of North Pole history started in 1937 when the Soviet high-altitude air expedition led by O.J.Schmidt made landing to drifting ices around the North Pole and had based drifting station "North Pole". [PAR] The first submarines at North Pole were American nuclear submarines "Nautilus" and "Slope" which had passed under ices of the North Pole in 1958. [PAR] However there are a lot still unknown North Pole facts and discovery of the North Pole still continues. [PAR] Animals in the North Pole [PAR] North Pole region is characterized by poor flora. There are mosses, lichens, seaweed and polar poppies in the Arctic deserts. [PAR] North pole animals are'}, 'question': {'Which American explorer claimed to have been the first person, on 6 April 1909, to reach the geographic North Pole?'}}

['admiral peary' 'robert edwin peary' 'robert peary']

As a reading comprehension expert, you will receive context and question. Please understand the given Context first and then output the answer of the question based on the Context

{'context': {'[DOC] [TLE] Minoan Palace of Knossos - Ancient GreeceKnossos [PAR] Photographs [PAR] Knossos [PAR] Knossos was undeniably the capital of Minoan Crete. It is grander, more complex, and more flamboyant than any of the other palaces known to us, and it is located about twenty minutes south of the modern port town of Iraklio. [PAR] Knossos was inhabited for several thousand years, beginning with a neolithic settlement sometime in the seventh millennium BC, and was abandoned after its destruction in 1375 BC which marked the end of Minoan civilization. The first palace on the low hill beside the Krairatos river was built around 1900 BC on the ruins of previous settlements. It was destroyed for the first time along with the other Protopalatial palaces around Crete at 1700 BC, probably by a large earthquake or foreign invaders. It was immediately rebuilt to an even more elaborate complex and until its abandonment was damaged several times during earthquakes, invasions, and in 1450 BC by the colossal volcanic eruption of Thera, and the invasion of Mycenaeans who used it as their capital as they ruled the island of Crete until 1375 BC. [PAR] Arthur Evans, the British Archaeologist who excavated the site in 1900 AD restored large parts of the palace in a way that it is possible today to appreciate the grandeur and complexity of a structure that evolved over several millennia and grew to occupy about 20,000 square meters. Walking through its complex multi-storied buildings one can comprehend why the palace of Knossos was associated with the mythological labyrinth. [PAR] According to Greek mythology, the palace was designed by famed architect Dedalos with such complexity that no one placed in it could ever find its exit. King Minos who commissioned the palace then kept the architect prisoner to ensure that he would not reveal the palace plan to anyone. Dedalos, who was a great inventor, built two sets of wings so he and his son Ikaros could fly off the island, and so they did. On their way out, Dedalos warned his son not to fly too close to the sun because the wax that held the wings together would melt. In a tragic turn of events, during their escape Ikaros, young and impulsive as he was, flew higher and higher until the sun rays dismantled his wings and the young boy fell to his death in the Aegean sea. The Labyrinth was the dwelling of the Minotaur in Greek mythology, and many associate the palace of Knossos with the legend of Theseus killing the Minotaur . [PAR] The Greek myth associated with the palace about Theseus and the Minotaur is fascinating, but walking around the ruins of Knossos today it is hard to imagine it to be a place of torment and death. Instead, the palace radiates with joyous exuberance through the elaborate architectural planes and volumes that were clustered around the central courtyard over time. The elegant wall frescoes which decorated the walls speak of a people who approached the subtleties of life and the splendor of nature with a joyous disposition. [PAR] For the visitor today, the area around the ramp which leads to the main palace, immediately exposes the rich strata of ruins that span millennia. To the left of the entrance ramp three large kouloures in the shape of large round pits reveal in their deep bottom the remains of Prepalatial building ruins . The palace of Knossos was the center of administration of the entire island during Minoan times, and its position as such allowed for unprecedented growth and prosperity as witnessed by the plethora of storage magazines, workshops, and wall paintings. The Throne room with its gypsum throne and benches to accommodate sixteen persons, the central courtyard, and the theater, along with the royal chambers paint a portrait of Knossos as a forum of elaborate rituals and extraordinary historical occurrences. [PAR] The restorations performed by Evans have been criticized as inaccurate, and there is a feeling that many of the details were reconstituted (to use Evans\' term) utilizing at best "educated guesses". For the visitor however, the restorations render the incomprehensible strata of ruins along with their past grandeur a bit more obvious, and bring the majesty of Minoan life at the palace a little closer. [PAR] The ruins of a prepalatial building at the bottom of one the Koulouras. [PAR] Picture of Knossos Palace. [PAR]'}, 'question': {'Where are the Minoan ruins of Knossus?'}}

['crete']

As a reading comprehension expert, you will receive context and question. Please understand the given Context first and then output the answer of the question based on the Context

{'context': {"[DOC] [TLE] Language spoken at home | Australia | profile.idLanguage spoken at home | Australia | profile.id [PAR] Language spoken at home [PAR] Email [PAR] In Australia, 18% of people spoke a language other than English at home in 2011. [PAR] Australia's language statistics show the proportion of the population who speak a language at home other than English. They indicate how culturally diverse a population is and the degree to which different ethnic groups and nationalities are retaining their language. [PAR] Australia's language statistics should be analysed in conjunction with Country of Birth and Proficiency in English to assist in identifying specific cultural and ethnic groups in the area and the services required by the multicultural community. [PAR] Derived from the Census question: [PAR] 'Does the person speak a language other than English at home?' [PAR] Total population [PAR] Language spoken at home - Ranked by size [PAR] Australia - (Usual residence) [PAR] -5,094 [PAR] Show me more! [PAR] Source: Australian Bureau of Statistics, Census of Population and Housing (opens a new window) 2006 and 2011. Compiled and presented in profile.id by .id (opens a new window) , the population experts. [PAR] Excludes languages with fewer than 20 people speaking them at home, or less than 0.1% of the total population. [PAR] (Usual residence data) [PAR] Language spoken at home - Summary [PAR] Australia - Total persons (Usual residence) [PAR] 2011 [PAR] 100.0 [PAR] +1,649,418 [PAR] Source: Australian Bureau of Statistics, Census of Population and Housing (opens a new window) 2006 and 2011. Compiled and presented by .id (opens a new window) , the population experts. [PAR] (Usual residence data) [PAR] Source: Australian Bureau of Statistics, Census of Population and Housing, 2011 (Usual residence data) [PAR] Compiled and presented in profile.id by .id, the population experts. [PAR] Change in language spoken at home, 2006 to 2011 [PAR] Source: Australian Bureau of Statistics, Census of Population and Housing, 2006 and 2011 (Usual residence data) [PAR] Compiled and presented in profile.id by .id, the population experts. [PAR] Dominant groups [PAR] Analysis of the language spoken at home by the population of Australia in 2011 compared to Greater Capital Cities shows that there was a larger proportion of people who spoke English only, and a smaller proportion of those speaking a non-English language (either exclusively, or in addition to English). [PAR] Overall, 76.8% of the population spoke English only, and 18.2% spoke a non-English language, compared with 70.4% and 24.7% respectively for Greater Capital Cities. [PAR] The dominant language spoken at home, other than English, in Australia was Mandarin, with 1.6% of the population, or 336,178 people speaking this language at home. [PAR] There were no major differences between Australia and Greater Capital Cities in 2011. [PAR] Emerging groups [PAR] Between 2006 and 2011, the number of people who spoke a language other than English at home increased by 757,941 or 24.1%, and the number of people who spoke English only increased by 927,013 or 5.9%. [PAR] The largest changes in the spoken languages of the population in Australia between 2006 and 2011 were for those speaking: [PAR] Mandarin (+115,574 persons)[DOC] [TLE] Population Composition: Languages spoken in Australia4102.0 - Australian Social Trends, 1999 [PAR] 4102.0 - Australian Social Trends, 1999\xa0\xa0 [PAR] Previous ISSUE Released at 11:30 AM (CANBERRA TIME) 24/06/1999\xa0\xa0\xa0 [PAR] Contents >> Population >> Population Composition: Languages spoken in Australia [PAR] Population Composition: Languages spoken in Australia [PAR] In 1996, 15% of Australia's population spoke a language other than English at home. [PAR] English is regarded as the national language of Australia.1 In 1996, 85% of the population spoke only English at home and less than 1% of the population could not speak English at all. However, apart from English and Indigenous languages (see Australian Social Trends 1999, Indigenous languages ), more than 160 other languages were also spoken in the home. Although languages other than English, such as German and Chinese languages, were spoken in Australia after European settlement, today's linguistic diversity stems largely from immigration since 1945. (For information on the changing sources of immigrants since 1945, see"}, 'question': {'What is the offficial language of Australia?'}}

['english']

As a reading comprehension expert, you will receive context and question. Please understand the given Context first and then output the answer of the question based on the Context

{'context': {'[DOC] [TLE] SECRET World War II Jersey Channel Islands bunkers - YouTubeSECRET World War II Jersey Channel Islands bunkers - YouTube [PAR] SECRET World War II Jersey Channel Islands bunkers [PAR] Want to watch this again later? [PAR] Sign in to add this video to a playlist. [PAR] Need to report the video? [PAR] Sign in to report inappropriate content. [PAR] Rating is available when the video has been rented. [PAR] This feature is not available right now. Please try again later. [PAR] Published on Jul 10, 2015 [PAR] World War 2. The Channel Islands were occupied by Nazi Germany for most of the Second World War, between 30 June 1940 and their liberation on 9 May 1945. The Bailiwick of Jersey and Bailiwick of Guernsey are two British Crown dependencies in the English Channel, near the coast of Normandy. The Channel Islands were the only part of the British Isles to be invaded and occupied by German forces during the war. [PAR] Category[DOC] [TLE] Living with the Enemy - the German Occupation of the ...Living with the Enemy - the German Occupation of the British Channel Islands during World War II [PAR] Listen to the CD [PAR] Life under the Nazi Occupation, British Channel Islands, 1940-1945 [PAR] Living With The Enemy - The story of what really happened in the only part of the British Isles to be occupied by the German forces during World War II [PAR] The German Occupation of the Channel Islands showed to the world that Hitler had broken through a tiny frontier of Britain and stationed German troops on British soil for the first time. [PAR] Living With The Enemy tells the amazing true story of life in the Islands during 1940 to 1945 under Nazi rule. With eye-witness accounts by the people who lived through that traumatic time it draws on first hand experiences and includes a superb collection of over 125 original war time photographs. [PAR] This book will give you an accurate insight into this ill-assorted community at war and portrays how it felt to be living in the shadow of a foreign power: a sample of what the United Kingdom would have experienced should it have fallen. [PAR] On this site you can download and listen to a one-hour audio documentary or download this best selling title as a kindle book. You can also see some of the fascinating original images on the gallery page. [PAR] You can view collectable memorabilia from the German Occupation or visit the bookshop and purchase some of the many books written on this extraordinary piece of history that is relatively unknown outside the Channel Islands. [PAR] Living With The Enemy - A tribute to the people [PAR] This is the story of the German Occupation of the Channel Islands and a tribute to some of those who endured it. Here is a record of their experiences during those years: a first hand account of life in the only British territory to be controlled by Nazi Germany during World War II. [PAR] \xa0 [PAR] Living With The Enemy: The book, DVD and audio telling the true story of the German occupation of the British Channel Islands during World War II.[DOC] [TLE] World War II Timeline 1940 ~ World War 2World War II Timeline 1940 ~ World War 2 [PAR] This is a timeline of events that stretched over the period of World War II. [PAR] World War II Timeline January 1940 [PAR] 2: The Russian offensive in Finland is halted by several Finnish victories; numerous Russian tanks are destroyed. [PAR] 7: Rationing of basic foodstuffs is established in the UK. [PAR] A major Finnish victory at Suomussalmi is reported; one whole Russian division is eliminated, and again numbers of military vehicles are captured. [PAR] 16: Captured documents reveal Hitler\'s plans for the invasion of Scandinavia and a postponement of the invasion of France and the Low Countries until the Spring, when the weather is more compatible to invasion. [PAR] 17: The Russians are driven back in Finland and retaliate with heavy air attacks. [PAR] 21: A U-boat sinks British destroyer HMS Exmouth a crew of 135 are all lost. [PAR] 24: Reinhard Heydrich is appointed by Goering for the solution to "The Jewish question." [PAR] 27: Germany makes final plans for the invasion of Denmark and Norway. [PAR] World War II Timeline February 1940 [PAR] 1:'}, 'question': {'What was the only part of the British Isles to be occupied by Germany in World War II?'}}

['channel islands']

As a reading comprehension expert, you will receive context and question. Please understand the given Context first and then output the answer of the question based on the Context

{'context': {'[DOC] [TLE] The Sound of Music :: Rodgers & Hammerstein :: Show DetailsThe Sound of Music :: Rodgers & Hammerstein :: Show Details [PAR] GUEST BLOG: Liesl from THE SOUND OF MUSIC Live! on NBC [PAR] A guest blog from the amazing young woman portraying Liesl in the upcoming NBC broadcast of THE SOUND OF MUSIC Live! read more [PAR] Did you know? The real Captain von Trapp was offered command of a submarine in the Navy of the Third Reich, which he refused. The von Trapps were invited to sing for Hitler?s 50th birthday party, which they also declined. The eldest son, Rupert, was offered a medical post in a good Viennese hospital; but, he realized it was because many Jewish doctors had been fired. With tensions rising, the family emigrated to Italy four months after the Anschluss in 1938. [PAR] Did you know? In THE SOUND OF MUSIC, Maria von Trapp was a novice at Nonnberg Abbey. The historic Nonnberg Abbey was founded in the 8th century by Avendrid, niece of St. Rupert who is considered the patron saint of Salzburg. The city also has a cathedral monastery and is often called ?The Rome of the North.? [PAR] Did you Know? At the 1960 Tony Awards Mary Rodgers found her musical ONCE UPON A MATTRESS competing against a show by her father Richard Rodgers - THE SOUND OF MUSIC - for the category of Best Musical! [PAR] In 1967 THE SOUND OF MUSIC finished its run at the Palace Theatre, London, after six years and 2,385 performances - at the time, the longest running American musical in British theatrical history. [PAR] The birthday of Maria von Trapp. In 1905, Maria Augusta Kutschera Trapp was born aboard a train in the Tirol, Austria. The story of her early life served as the inspiration for THE SOUND OF MUSIC. [PAR] The birthday of Florence Henderson, who played Maria von Trapp in the first U.S. National Tour of THE SOUND OF MUSIC, starting in 1961. Best known for playing Carol Brady on The Brady Bunch from 1968 to 1974, Florence Henderson began her career as a stage actress. In addition to THE SOUND OF MUSIC, Henderson starred as Laurey in the 1953 Broadway revival of OKLAHOMA!, as Anna in the Los Angeles Music Center\'s inaugural production of THE KING AND I, and as Nellie at the Music Theater of Lincoln Center?s SOUTH PACIFIC in 1967. In 2010 she performed on "Dancing with the Stars"" - even waltzing to ""Edelweiss"" from THE SOUND OF MUSIC!" [PAR] In 1990, in celebration of THE SOUND OF MUSIC\'s silver anniversary, Twentieth Century Fox hosted a gala screening/reunion for director Robert Wise, star Julie Andrews, and other members of the cast in Los Angeles; the movie is subsequently rereleased for a limited engagement in Los Angeles and New York. [PAR] The birthday of Russel Crouse, book writer of the musicals CALL ME MADAM and THE SOUND OF MUSIC. Crouse was born in 1893. [PAR] The birthday of singer Marni Nixon. Marni Nixon became famous as the singing voice of Deborah Kerr in Rodger & Hammerstein?s film THE KING AND I, as well as Audrey Hepburn in MY FAIR LADY and Natalie Wood in WEST SIDE STORY. Nixon finally appeared as a performer on camera while singing the part of Sister Sophia in the film THE SOUND OF MUSIC. [PAR] In 1961, the national tour of THE SOUND OF MUSIC, starring Florence Henderson, began at the Riviera Theatre, Detroit. It played in 35 cities before closing at the O\'Keefe Center, Toronto, on November 23, 1963. [PAR] In 1965, Twentieth Century Fox premiered the movie version of THE SOUND OF MUSIC, directed by Robert Wise and starring Julie Andrews and Christopher Plummer. It played in New York for a record-setting 93 weeks. The movie\'s initial U.S. release lasted 4.5 years, and from 1966 to 1972 THE SOUND OF MUSIC was cited by Variety as the "All-Time Box Office Champion."" It remains the most popular movie musical ever made." [PAR] The birthday of Julie Andrews, born in Walton-on-Thames, Surrey, England. International star of stage and screen'}, 'question': {'"The musical ""The Sound of Music"" is set in what city?"'}}

['salzburg']

As a reading comprehension expert, you will receive context and question. Please understand the given Context first and then output the answer of the question based on the Context

{'context': {'[DOC] [TLE] Viktor Bout sentenced to 25 years in prison | World news ...Viktor Bout sentenced to 25 years in prison | World news | The Guardian [PAR] Viktor Bout [PAR] Viktor Bout sentenced to 25 years in prison [PAR] Russian arms dealer known as \'the Merchant of Death\' convicted on terrorism charges resulting from a US sting operation [PAR] Russian arms trafficker Viktor Bout, the \'Merchant of Death\' has been sentenced to 25 years in prison. Photograph: AP [PAR] Viktor Bout [PAR] Viktor Bout sentenced to 25 years in prison [PAR] Russian arms dealer known as \'the Merchant of Death\' convicted on terrorism charges resulting from a US sting operation [PAR] Associated Press [PAR] Thursday 5 April 2012 18.32\xa0EDT [PAR] First published on Thursday 5 April 2012 18.32\xa0EDT [PAR] Close [PAR] This article is 4 years old [PAR] Viktor Bout , the notorious Russian arms dealer dubbed \'the Merchant of Death\', has been sentenced to 25 years in prison following his conviction on terrorism charges resulting from a US sting operation. [PAR] Bout, 45, had faced a mandatory minimum of 25 years in prison and a maximum life sentence when he faced US district judge Shira Scheindlin in Manhattan. He was arrested in Thailand four years ago, and held there until his extradition to the US for trial in late 2010. [PAR] The judge also ordered a $15m forfeiture. [PAR] The sentencing came after the government portrayed Bout as one of the world\'s worst villains, capable of empowering dictators in war-torn countries by supplying weapons that they could turn on their own people. [PAR] The defence had countered that Bout was a political prisoner, a victim of a sting operation that made it seem as if he hated Americans and was willing to sell surface-to-air missiles to a Colombian terrorist organisation to shoot down American helicopters. [PAR] The government had asked for Bout to be imprisoned for life. A defence lawyer requested that the jury verdict be reversed and the charges dismissed. [PAR] Bout told the judge he was "not guilty" and said allegations against him were false. [PAR] When a prosecutor said in court on Thursday that Bout agreed to sell weapons to kill Americans, Bout shouted, "It\'s a lie!" He told the judge he "never intended to kill anyone" and said, "God knows this truth." [PAR] Prosecutors said that Bout\'s weapons fuelled armed conflicts in some of the world\'s most treacherous hot spots, including Rwanda, Angola and the Congo and that he was looking for new arms deals in places such as Libya and Tanzania when he was arrested. [PAR] Bout, the inspiration for an arms dealer character played by Nicolas Cage in the 2005 film "Lord of War," has maintained that he was a legitimate businessman who wasn\'t selling arms when the American operatives knocked on his door. [PAR] Federal prosecutors said the government initiated its investigation in 2007 because Bout "constituted a threat to the United States and to the international community based on his reported history of arming some of the world\'s most violent and destabilising dictators and regimes." [PAR] "Although Bout has often described himself as nothing more than a businessman, he was a businessman of the most dangerous order," prosecutors said in their pre-sentencing memo. [PAR] "Transnational criminals like Bout who are ready, willing and able to arm terrorists transform their customers from intolerant ideologues into lethal criminals who pose the gravest risk to civilized societies." [PAR] Defense attorney Albert Dayan wrote in a letter to the judge that the United States targeted his client vindictively because it was embarrassed that his companies helped deliver goods to American military contractors involved in the Iraq War. [PAR] The deliveries occurred despite United Nations sanctions imposed against Bout since 2001 because of his reputation as a notorious illegal arms dealer, Dayan said. [PAR] The lawyer noted that the US Department of the Treasury imposed its own ban on dealings with Bout in July 2004, citing in part the "unproven allegation" that Bout made $50m in profits from arms transfers to the Taliban when Osama bin Laden and al-Qaida were based in Afghanistan. [PAR] The Merchant of Death moniker was attached to Bout by a high-ranking minister at Britain\'s Foreign Office'}, 'question': {'"What is the media nickname of Viktor Bout, a Russian arms dealer who was said to be the inspiration for Nicolas Cage\'s character in the 2005 film ""Lord of War""?"'}}

['merchant of death']

As a reading comprehension expert, you will receive context and question. Please understand the given Context first and then output the answer of the question based on the Context

{'context': {"[DOC] [TLE] Acts 10 (KJV) - There was a certain man - Blue Letter BibleActs 10 (KJV) - There was a certain man [PAR] Heb Jas 1Pe 2Pe 1Jo 2Jo 3Jo Jde Rev [PAR] KJV - King James Version NKJV - New King James Version NLT - New Living Translation NIV - New International Version ESV - English Standard Version HCSB - Holman Christian Standard Bible NASB - New American Standard Bible NET - New English Translation RSV - Revised Standard Version ASV - American Standard Version YLT - Young's Literal Translation DBY - Darby Translation WEB - Webster's Bible HNV - Hebrew Names Version [PAR] RVR60 - Reina-Valera 1960VUL - Latin VulgatemGNT - Morphological Greek New TestamentTR - Textus Receptus [PAR] Cite this page [PAR] MLA format [PAR] Note: MLA no longer requires the URL as part of their citation standard. Individual instructors or editors may still require the use of URLs. [PAR] APA format[DOC] [TLE] Matthew 27:1 - Bible study tools - Blue Letter BibleMatthew 27 (KJV) - When the morning was come [PAR] Heb Jas 1Pe 2Pe 1Jo 2Jo 3Jo Jde Rev [PAR] KJV - King James Version NKJV - New King James Version NLT - New Living Translation NIV - New International Version ESV - English Standard Version HCSB - Holman Christian Standard Bible NASB - New American Standard Bible NET - New English Translation RSV - Revised Standard Version ASV - American Standard Version YLT - Young's Literal Translation DBY - Darby Translation WEB - Webster's Bible HNV - Hebrew Names Version [PAR] RVR60 - Reina-Valera 1960VUL - Latin VulgatemGNT - Morphological Greek New TestamentTR - Textus Receptus [PAR] Cite this page [PAR] MLA format [PAR] Note: MLA no longer requires the URL as part of their citation standard. Individual instructors or editors may still require the use of URLs. [PAR] APA format"}, 'question': {'What is the next in this series: Philemon, Hebrews, James, 1 Peter, 2 Peter ... ?'}}

['1jo']

As a reading comprehension expert, you will receive context and question. Please understand the given Context first and then output the answer of the question based on the Context

{'context': {'[DOC] [TLE] What Is Hijra? Islamic New Year Facts, Dates, Plus History ...What Is Hijra? Islamic New Year Facts, Dates, Plus History Of Prophet Muhammad\'s Migration From Mecca To Medina [PAR] What Is Hijra? Islamic New Year Facts, Dates, Plus History Of Prophet Muhammad\'s Migration From Mecca To Medina [PAR] 10/13/15 AT 2:29 PM [PAR] Close [PAR] For Muslims all over the world, Wednesday night\xa0 marks Hijra , the first day of the month of Muharram and the beginning of the Islamic New Year. Hijra means "migration" in Arabic, and it marks the beginning of the historic journey\xa0the Prophet Muhammad, the founder of Islam,\xa0made\xa0from Mecca to Medina in the year 622. [PAR] Centuries later, Hijra generally\xa0passes with little fanfare , especially\xa0compared with holidays like Eid al-Adha or Eid al-Fitr, even though Hijra is a public holiday in some countries. There are no\xa0particular rituals or traditions to celebrate it, although some Muslims will use the opportunity to make resolutions for the coming year, according to the BBC.\xa0 [PAR] But Hijra is nonetheless important because\xa0it signifies\xa0the birth of a\xa0community, centuries ago, that today includes more than\xa01.5 billion people. According to Islamic history, Muhammad, born in 570 in Mecca, was meditating one night in the year 610 in a cave on a mountain when the angel Gabriel came to him and told him to recite. Those recitations, which Muhammad believed were words from God,\xa0formed the basis of the Quran , the sacred\xa0Islamic scripture.\xa0 [PAR] Hijra, the Islamic New Year, starts Wednesday evening. Above, a Muslim pilgrim prays atop Mount Thor in the holy city of Mecca ahead of the annual hajj pilgrimage Sept. 19, 2015. Photo: Ahmad Masood/Reuters [PAR] Related Stories [PAR] Everything You Should Know About Eid Al-Adha [PAR] Muhammad began to preach what he had heard,\xa0gathering a local following in the process. But as his popularity increased, so did the perception that he was a threat. In 622, Muhammad and his followers left Mecca for Medina, a city more than 200 miles away. There, he gathered enough adherents to eventually return to\xa0and take\xa0Mecca. [PAR] Hijra also marks\xa0the beginning of the month of Muharram , the first month of the Islamic calendar and one of four holy months. For Shiite Muslims, the first 10 days of\xa0Muharram are days of mourning for the Imam Hussain, the grandson of\xa0Muhammad, who was killed in a battle in 680. [PAR] Because the Islamic calendar is\xa0lunar, it changes every year with respect to the Gregorian calendar, which is solar. Hijra was celebrated last year Oct. 25; this year it\xa0begins at sunset Wednesday. Next year, Hijra will shift\xa0another 11 days earlier.[DOC] [TLE] Islamic Hijri Calendar – WajibadIslamic Hijri Calendar – Wajibad [PAR] Hijra of Prophet Muhammad [PAR] (Peace Be Upon Him) [PAR] The Hijra (Arabic: هِجْرَة\u200e hijrah), also Hijrat or Hegira, is the migration or journey of the Islamic prophet Muhammad (PBUH) and his followers from Mecca to Medina between June 21st and July 2nd in 622 CE. [PAR] In June 622, warned of a plot to assassinate him, Prophet Muhammad (pbuh) secretly escaped out of Mecca with Abu Bakr. Prophet Muhammad (pbuh)\xa0and his followers immigrated to the city of Yathrib, 320 kilometres (200 mi) north of Mecca, in several steps. Yathrib was soon renamed Madinat un-Nabi, literally “the City of the Prophet”, but un-Nabi was soon dropped, so its name in English is Medina, meaning “the city”. [PAR] The Muslim year during which the Hijra occurred was designated the first year of the Islamic calendar by Umar in 638 or 17 AH (anno hegirae = “in the year of the hijra”). In the following chronology the city will be referred to as Medina, and the region surrounding it as Yathrib. [PAR] DAY [PAR] 26 Rabi’ Al-Awwal AH 1 (11 July 622) [PAR] Moved from Quba’ to Medina. [PAR] NB'}, 'question': {'The migration of the Islamic prophet Muhammad and his followers from Mecca to the city of Medina in 622, which marked year one of the Islamic calendar, was known as what?'}}

['hegira' 'hijrah']

As a reading comprehension expert, you will receive context and question. Please understand the given Context first and then output the answer of the question based on the Context

{'context': {'[DOC] [TLE] Railroad tieA railroad tie/railway tie/crosstie (North America) or railway sleeper (British Isles and Australasia) is a rectangular support for the rails in railroad tracks. Generally laid perpendicular to the rails, ties transfer loads to the track ballast and subgrade, hold the rails upright and keep them spaced to the correct gauge. [PAR] Railroad ties are traditionally made of wood, but pre-stressed concrete is now also widely used, especially in Europe and Asia. Steel ties are common on secondary lines in the UK; plastic composite ties are also employed, although far less than wood or concrete. As of January 2008, the approximate market share in North America for traditional and wood ties was 91.5%, the remainder being concrete, steel, azobé (red ironwood) and plastic composite. [PAR] Up to 3,000 ties are used per mile of railroad track in the US, 2,640 per mile (30 per 60\xa0ft rail) on main lines in the UK. Rails in the US may be fastened to the tie by a railroad spike; iron/steel baseplates screwed to the tie and secured to the rail by a proprietary fastening system such as a Vossloh or Pandrol are commonly used in Europe. [PAR] Types [PAR] Stone block [PAR] The type of railroad tie used on the predecessors of the first true railway (Liverpool and Manchester Railway) consisted of a pair of stone blocks laid into the ground, with the chairs holding the rails fixed to those blocks. One advantage of this method of construction was that it allowed horses to tread the middle path without the risk of tripping. In railway use with ever heavier locomotives, it was found that it was hard to maintain the correct gauge. The stone blocks were in any case unsuitable on soft ground, such as at Chat Moss, where timber ties had to be used. Bi-block ties with a tie rod are somewhat similar. [PAR] Wooden [PAR] Historically wooden rail ties were made by hewing with an axe, called axe ties or sawn to achieve at least two flat sides. [PAR] A variety of softwood and hardwoods timbers are used as ties, oak, jarrah and karri being popular hardwoods, although increasingly difficult to obtain, especially from sustainable sources. Some lines use softwoods, including Douglas fir; while they have the advantage of accepting treatment more readily, they are more susceptible to wear but are cheaper, lighter (and therefore easier to handle) and more readily available. Softwood is treated, while creosote is the most common preservative for railway ties, but more effective preservatives are also sometimes used such as pentachlorophenol, chromated copper arsenate and a few other preservatives. Sometimes non-toxic preservatives are used, such as copper azole or micronized copper. New boron-based wood preserving technology is being employed by major US railroads in a dual treatment process in order to extend the life of wood ties in wet areas. Some timbers (such as sal, mora, jarrah or azobé) are durable enough that they can be used untreated. [PAR] Problems with wooden ties include rot, splitting, insect infestation, plate-cutting, also known as chair shuffle in the UK (abrasive damage to the tie caused by lateral motion of the tie plate) and spike-pull (where the spike is gradually loosened from the tie). For more information on wooden ties the Railway Tie Association maintains a comprehensive website devoted to wood tie research and statistics. [PAR] Wooden ties can, of course, catch fire; as they age they develop cracks that allow sparks to lodge so that they catch fire more easily. [PAR] Concrete [PAR] Concrete ties are cheaper and easier to obtain than timber and better able to carry higher axle-weights and sustain higher speeds. Their greater weight ensures improved retention of track geometry, especially when installed with continuous-welded rail. Concrete ties have a longer service life and require less maintenance than timber due to their greater weight, which helps them remain in the correct position longer. Concrete ties need to be installed on a well-prepared subgrade with an adequate depth on free-draining ballast to perform well. Concrete ties amplify wheel noise, so wooden ties are often used in'}, 'question': {'Sleepers are used to support what?'}}

['trackage' 'railroad tracks' 'railway track' 'railway lines' 'railroad track' 'welded rail']

As a reading comprehension expert, you will receive context and question. Please understand the given Context first and then output the answer of the question based on the Context

{'context': {'[DOC] [TLE] Pacific Southwest Airlines Flight 1771 - Plane Crash Wiki ...Pacific Southwest Airlines Flight 1771 | Plane Crash Wiki | Fandom powered by Wikia [PAR] Pacific Southwest Airlines Flight 1771 [PAR] Pacific Southwest Airlines Flight 1771 [PAR] 7pages on [PAR] The Credit of information goes to, Wikipedia Page:\xa0 PSA Flight 1771 [PAR] An Animation of the Fight 1771 about to crash. [PAR] Pacific Southwest Airlines Flight 1771 was a commercial flight that crashed near Cayucos, California, United States, on December 7, 1987, as a result of a murder-suicide scheme by one of the passengers. All 43 people on board the aircraft died. The man who caused the crash, David Burke (born May 18, 1952), was an angry former employee of USAir, the parent company of PSA. [PAR] Contents [PAR] Edit [PAR] USAir had recently purchased and was in the process of absorbing Pacific Southwest Airlines. Burke had been terminated by USAir for petty theft of $69 from in-flight cocktail receipts, and had also been suspected of other crimes. After meeting with Raymond F. Thomson, his supervisor, in an unsuccessful attempt to be reinstated, he purchased a ticket on PSA Flight 1771, a daily flight from Los Angeles to San Francisco. David Burke\'s supervisor was a passenger on the flight, which he took regularly for his daily commute to and from work. Using his unsurrendered USAir credentials, David Burke, armed with a loaded .44 Magnum revolver that he had borrowed from a co-worker, was able to use the employee security bypass checkpoint at Los Angeles International Airport. After boarding the plane, Burke wrote a message on an airsickness bag which he probably gave to Thomson to read before shooting him: Hi Ray. I think it\'s sort of ironical that we ended up like this. I asked for some leniency for my family. Remember? Well, I got none and you\'ll get none. As the plane, a four-engine British Aerospace BAe 146-200, cruised at 22,000 ft (6,700 m) over the central California coast, the cockpit voice recorder (CVR) recorded the sound of someone entering and then leaving the toilet. The captain and the co-pilot asked air traffic control about turbulence when the sound of two shots being fired in the cabin was heard on the CVR. This was probably when Burke shot Thomson to death. The co-pilot immediately reported to air traffic control that a gun had been fired on board and no further transmissions were received. The CVR recorded the cockpit door opening and a female, presumed to be a flight attendant, told the cockpit crew, "We have a problem." The captain replied, "What kind of problem?" A shot was fired, presumably killing the flight attendant, and Burke announced "I\'m the problem," and two more shots are heard that either incapacitated or killed the pilots. Several seconds later, the CVR picked up increasing windscreen noise as the airplane pitched down and accelerated. The remains of the flight data recorder (FDR) indicated the control column had been pushed forward, most likely by Burke, causing the aircraft to dive. A final gunshot was heard followed not long after by a sudden silence. It is speculated that the final shot fired by Burke had killed the airline\'s chief pilot, who was also on board as a passenger and who may have tried to reach the cockpit to save the aircraft. According to the TV series Mayday, a fragment of Burke\'s fingertip was recovered with the gun which indicated that he was alive and holding the gun until impact. The plane crashed into the hillside of a cattle ranch at 4:16 p.m. in the Santa Lucia Mountains near Paso Robles and Cayucos. The plane was estimated to have crashed at a speed of around 770 mph (1,240 km/h), disintegrating instantly. It is estimated that the aircraft hit the ground at five thousand times the force of gravity, and was traveling at an approximately 70-degree angle toward the south. The plane struck a rocky hillside, leaving a crater less than 2 feet deep and 4 feet across, presumably where the landing gear struck the ground. The high-speed impact compressed the soil'}, 'question': {'Who caused the crash of Pacific Southwest Airlines Flight 1771, near Cayucos, California, USA on 7 December 1987, by shooting the pilots and killing all 43 people on board?'}}

['david burke']

As a reading comprehension expert, you will receive context and question. Please understand the given Context first and then output the answer of the question based on the Context

{'context': {'[DOC] [TLE] Memorial Day - Desktop Nexus WallpapersMemorial Day - 3D and CG & Abstract Background Wallpapers on Desktop Nexus (Image 1066776) [PAR] Memorial Day [PAR] Wallpaper Description: [PAR] Remembering our troops [PAR] Memorial Day is a federal holiday observed annually in the United States on the last Monday of May Formerly known as Decoration Day, it originated after the American Civil War to commemorate the fallen Union soldiers of the Civil War. (Southern ladies organizations and southern schoolchildren had decorated Confederate graves in Richmond and other cities during the Civil War, but each region had its own date. Most dates were in May.) By the 20th century Memorial Day had been extended to honor all Americans who have died in all wars. Memorial Day is a day of remembering the men and women who died while serving in the United States Armed Forces. As a marker it typically marks the start of the summer vacation season, while Labor Day marks its end. [PAR] Many people visit cemeteries and memorials, particularly to honor those who have died in military service. Many volunteers place an American flag on each grave in national cemeteries. [PAR] Monarch Uploaded by Monarch on [PAR] May 26, 2012 [PAR] . Memorial Day - Desktop Nexus Abstract Download free wallpapers and background images: Memorial Day. Desktop Nexus Abstract background ID 1066776. Remembering our troops [PAR] Memorial Day is a federal holiday observed annually in the United States on the last Monday of May Formerly known as Decoration Day, it originated after the American Civil War to commemorate the fallen Union soldiers of the Civil War. (Southern ladies organizations and southern schoolchildren had decorated Confederate graves in Richmond and other cities during the Civil War, but each region had its own date. Most dates were in May.) By the 20th century Memorial Day had been extended to honor all Americans who have died in all wars. Memorial Day is a day of remembering the men and women who died while serving in the United States Armed Forces. As a marker it typically marks the start of the summer vacation season, while Labor Day marks its end. [PAR] Many people visit cemeteries and memorials, particularly to honor those who have died in military service. Many volunteers place an American flag on each grave in national cemeteries. Rating: 4.7 [PAR] Wallpaper Groups[DOC] [TLE] Memorial DayMemorial Day – Wings over Kansas [PAR] Observances [PAR] Remembrance of American war dead [PAR] Memorial Day is a United States federal holiday observed on the last Monday of May (May 31 in 2010). Formerly known as Decoration Day, it commemorates U.S. soldiers who died while in the military service. First enacted to honor Union soldiers of the American Civil War (it is celebrated near the day of reunification after the Civil War), it was expanded after World War I. [PAR] History [PAR] By 1865 the practice of decorating soldiers’ graves had become widespread in the North. General John Logan, National Commander of the Grand Army of the Republic–the society of Union Army veterans–called for all GAR posts to celebrate a “Decoration Day” on May 30, 1868. There were events in 183 cemeteries in 27 states in 1868, and 336 in 1869. The northern states quickly adopted the holiday; Michigan made “Decoration Day” an official state holiday in 1871 and by 1890 every northern state followed suit. The ceremonies were sponsored by the Women’s Relief Corps, with 100,000 members. [PAR] By 1870, the remains of nearly 300,000 Union dead had been buried in 73 national cemeteries, located mostly in the South, near the battlefields. The most famous are the Gettysburg National Cemetery in Pennsylvania and the Arlington National Cemetery, near Washington. [PAR] The Memorial Day speech became an occasion for veterans, politicians and ministers to commemorate the war–and at first to rehearse the atrocities of the enemy. They mixed religion and celebratory nationalism and provided a means for the people to make sense of their history in terms of sacrifice for a better nation, one closer to God. People of all religious beliefs joined together, and the point was often made that the Germans and Irish soldiers had become true Americans in the “baptism of blood” on the'}, 'question': {'Memorial Day, formerly known as Decoration Day, a US federal holiday observed on the last Monday of May to commemorate US men and women who died while in the military service, was first commemorated to honour soldiers in which war?'}}

['american civil war']

As a reading comprehension expert, you will receive context and question. Please understand the given Context first and then output the answer of the question based on the Context

{'context': {'[DOC] [TLE] Carnival/Ash Wednesday - Time and Date ASCarnival/Ash Wednesday [PAR] Home \xa0 Calendar \xa0 Holidays \xa0 Carnival/Ash Wednesday [PAR] Carnival/Ash Wednesday [PAR] Ash Wednesday is known as the first day of Lent for many Christians worldwide. It is the beginning of the Lenten fast. The Lenten fast lasts for 40 days (excluding Sundays) and ends on Holy Saturday, which is the day before Easter Sunday. [PAR] Ash is an important symbol of Ash Wednesday in many Christian churches. [PAR] Ash is an important symbol of Ash Wednesday in many Christian churches. [PAR] ©iStockphoto.com/Ben Beltman [PAR] What Do People Do? [PAR] Ash Wednesday is the day after Shrove Tuesday , which often features various carnival or Mardi Gras celebrations in many countries. Ash Wednesday has some variations across cultures. For example, some children in Iceland go from door to door and sing songs for treats on the day. Traditionally, they would try to attach small bags of ashes or stones to the back of people’s clothing. [PAR] Many people in countries where Ash Wednesday is a holiday may spend the day at home with family and friends or catch up on sleep. Some people attend Ash Wednesday church services. Many Christians believe that Ash Wednesday is a day of penitence or repentance for one’s past wrongdoings. Ash Wednesday church services usually include priests marking individuals with previously blessed ashes on their forehead in form of the cross. [PAR] The concept of Ash Wednesday, the first day of Lent, is observed on a Monday in countries such as Cyprus and Greece. This is because many eastern churches do not generally observe Ash Wednesday but they observe Ash Monday (also known as Clean Monday or Green Monday) in its place. Many people observe a fast that includes avoiding meat, eggs, dairy products and animal or vegetable oils. [PAR] Public Life [PAR] Ash Wednesday is a public holiday in places such as the Cayman Islands, French Guiana, and Jamaica. It is a holiday for bank and/or government workers, as well as some businesses, in places such as Guadeloupe and Panama. It is a regional holiday in some areas in Cape Verde and Brazil. It is not a national public holiday in countries such as Australia , Canada , the United Kingdom , and the United States but local observances may be held. [PAR] Background [PAR] The name “Ash Wednesday” is derived from the custom of marking foreheads of the faithful with blessed ashes as a sign of penitence and humility. The Lent season has been a time for self-examination and penitence prior to Easter for many centuries. The day also comes from the Saxon lengten-tide, referring to the days and the coming of spring in the northern hemisphere. [PAR] This 40-day period of abstinence recalls the fasts of Moses, Elijah and Jesus, all of which lasted for 40 days according to the Christian scripture. It originally began in the western church on a Sunday. However, Pope Gregory I moved the beginning of Lent four days ahead in the late sixth century because Sundays were feast days. [PAR] Symbols [PAR] The ashes that priests use on Ash Wednesday usually come from the remains of burned palms that were blessed on the previous year’s Palm Sunday. They symbolize death, mortality and sorrow for sin. The marking of ashes on foreheads in form of a cross also symbolizes that sins are forgiven through Jesus’ death and resurrection.[DOC] [TLE] Ash Wednesday in the United States - Time and Date ASAsh Wednesday in the United States [PAR] Home \xa0 Calendar \xa0 Holidays \xa0 the United States \xa0 Ash Wednesday [PAR] Ash Wednesday in the United States [PAR] Many Christian Americans mark Ash Wednesday as the first day of Lent. It follows Shrove Tuesday , which features Mardi Gras celebrations. [PAR] Ash is an important symbol of Ash Wednesday in many Christian churches. [PAR] Ash is an important symbol of Ash Wednesday in many Christian churches. [PAR] ©iStockphoto.com/Ben Beltman [PAR] What Do People Do? [PAR] Some Christians in the United States attend special Ash Wednesday church services. This includes students who attend Catholic and other church schools. Priests usually place blessed ashes in form of the cross on individuals’ foreheads to remind them of mortality, sorrow for sins, change, and forgiveness. [PAR] Ash'}, 'question': {'On the Christian calendar, what is the day before Ash Wednesday?'}}

['shrove tuesday']

As a reading comprehension expert, you will receive context and question. Please understand the given Context first and then output the answer of the question based on the Context

{'context': {'[DOC] [TLE] What is a Sombrero? (with pictures) - wiseGEEKWhat is a Sombrero? (with pictures) [PAR] What is a Sombrero? [PAR] Edited By: L. S. Wynn [PAR] Last Modified Date: 23 December 2016 [PAR] Copyright Protected: [PAR] 10 hilariously insightful foreign words [PAR] The Mexican sombrero weaves brightly colored patterns into a wide-brimmed hat made of straw, felt, or velvet ; they are designed to protect the wearer from sunlight on long days of desert work. The recognizable icon of Mexican culture and labor, traces back to the vaquero who works with horses, the peasant farmer, and the mariachi musician. The sombrero has come to be associated, also, with the official folk dance of Mexico, the jarabe tapatio. [PAR] A sombrero has a slightly pointed shape in the center of the hat surrounded by a very wide brim that might be slightly upturned at the edge. It can be plain, made out of golden straw loosely woven with an unfinished edge, or opulent, with silky embroidered cord, silver threads, and velvet lining. Depending on the occupation and economic position of the wearer, the sombrero may signify the most famous guitarist in a mariachi band, or the poorest farmer tending to his fields twelve hours a day. [PAR] Some believe the sombrero originated in the agricultural belt along what was to become the border between the United States and Mexico. The desert climate guaranteed many hours of sunlight beating down upon the heads, shoulders, and backs of Mestizo tillers and harvesters. Thus, someone began weaving hats out of grass or hay that reached out far enough to shade their neck, shoulders, and arms. The word sombrero comes from the Spanish word for shade, "sombre." [PAR] Others claim that the sombrero came from the Jalisco capital, Guadalajara. Perhaps vaqueros, the noble riders of sleek horses, developed the sombrero along with other unique aspects of their uniform. For them, the sombrero was a symbol of masculinity, power, and agility. Made of felt or velvet, these hats were embroidered with curling motifs and finished with real gold thread. Held onto their heads with a barbiquejo, a chinstrap, they could ride fast in the wind. The largest ones were known as sombreros galoneados, akin to ten-gallon hats. [PAR] Finally, mariachi musicians adapted the sombrero as an element of their performance costume. It became associated with the famous folk song and accompanying dance, the jarabe tapatio. This piece tells the story of a courtship between a poor charro peasant and his love interest. To flirt with her, he tosses his sombrero, a prized possession, on the ground as an offering of his generosity. When the girl accepts his entreaties, she dances upon the brim of the hat. [PAR] To many Americans, the sombrero has become a stereotypical symbol of the Mexican taking a siesta beside a cactus. The representation as a tourist trinket erases the rich history of the hat, rewriting the Mexican laborer as sleepy and lazy. Instead, the sombrero speaks to the ingenuity and industriousness of the people of Mexico. [PAR] Ad[DOC] [TLE] Sombrero | The World of Hat Museum in Riga, LatviaSombrero | The World of Hat Museum in Riga, Latvia [PAR] Catalans [PAR] Male [PAR] Today sombrero is usually associated with Mexican peasants and Latin America. However, wide-brimmed straw hat was brought to America by the Spaniards, whose homeland, too, had some hot days, on which a light hat with large brims would protect against the sun. Even today, in villages throughout the Iberian Peninsula, you can find samples of the Spanish and Portuguese traditional low-crowned hat, and in Catalonia was born a high-top version of the hat. However, here it is sometimes called differently, the poblano. [PAR] Address:[DOC] [TLE] SOMBRERO MEXICAN FOOD - Trademark & Brand Information of ...SOMBRERO MEXICAN FOOD Trademark of Correa Management, Inc.. Serial Number: 77771652 :: Trademarkia Trademarks [PAR] restaurant \xa0 catering \xa0 services \xa0 [PAR] This is a brand page for the\xa0SOMBRERO MEXICAN FOOD\xa0trademark by Correa Management, Inc.\xa0 in\xa0La Mesa, CA, 91942. [PAR] Write a review \xa0about a product or service associated with this SOMBRERO'}, 'question': {'With what country is the sombrero associated?'}}

['mexican' 'mexico']

As a reading comprehension expert, you will receive context and question. Please understand the given Context first and then output the answer of the question based on the Context

{'context': {"[DOC] [TLE] The Last Tango In Paris Remembered - Marlon Brando - Maria ...The Last Tango In Paris Remembered - Marlon Brando - Maria Schneider - YouTube [PAR] The Last Tango In Paris Remembered - Marlon Brando - Maria Schneider [PAR] Want to watch this again later? [PAR] Sign in to add this video to a playlist. [PAR] Need to report the video? [PAR] Sign in to report inappropriate content. [PAR] Rating is available when the video has been rented. [PAR] This feature is not available right now. Please try again later. [PAR] Uploaded on Dec 3, 2011 [PAR] The Last Tango in Paris is a movie about the paris sex scene. This 1972 romantic drama film was directed by Bernardo Bertolucci and starred Marlon Brando, Maria Schneider ,Giovanna Galletti and maria michi. It is famous for it's butter scene. The Combo of Brando Maria Schneider is dynamite in this movie. Actress maria Michi and Giovanna are outstanding too. This sex scene is very controversial to watch. It wasn't in the script. The Italian government banned the film. The U.S gave the film a X rating. Last Tango in Paris is considered an art house classic. As Paul, Marlon Brando delivers his best performance ever. The images in the movie are influenced by the painting of Francis Bacon. Many film reviews gave it raves including rogerebert. Music for the film was composed by Gato Barbieri. The movie is now issued in blu ray dvd [PAR] Category[DOC] [TLE] Last Tango in Paris: Revisiting Bertolucci and Brando’s X ...Last Tango in Paris: Revisiting Bertolucci and Brando’s X-Rated Film | Emanuel Levy [PAR] Last Tango in Paris: Revisiting Bertolucci and Brando’s X-Rated Film [PAR] March 23, 2014 by EmanuelLevy 1 Comment [PAR] Bernardo Bertolucci wrote the screenplay for the 1972 provocative film, Last Tango in Paris, in collaboration with his editor, Franco Arcalli.\xa0 But he revised it considerably, based on the strong rapport and assistance from his star, Marlon Brando, then at the top of his game. [PAR] Some directors have been driven almost to distraction by Brando’s methods, his questioning approach to his material. But in this case, it was exactly what the director wanted. Bertolucci had prepared a detailed script with full dialogue, but he laid it aside whenever Brando wanted to bring his own interpretation to the part. Bertolucci was stimulated by the actor’s questioning of lines and motives. He felt that his association with Brando furthered his understanding of film making, particularly as it applies to acting. [PAR] \xa0 [PAR] Brando plays Paul, a middle-aged American expatriate, who could not have been more different from other screen characters of Americans in Paris, glorified by both George Gershwin in Minnelli’s Oscar winning musical, American in Paris,” and the books by Ernest Hemingway and others. \xa0Unlike Gene Kelly’s Jerry in the 1951 musical, who is upbeat, energetic, friendly, and romantic, Paul is confused, depressed, tortured, and abusive and sexually aggressive.\xa0 We meet him right after his wife Rosa had committed suicide. [PAR] Eager to escape the shabby hotel in which he lives, he finds an apartment close to the Eiffel Tower. Here he comes across a young girl, Jeanne (Maria Schneider), who is also looking for an apartment to rent, when she marries in a week’s time her loving fiancé, Tom (Jean-Pierre Léaud).\xa0 Jeanne is a young, modish, lively Parisienne, boasting a gorgeous body, especially breasts.\xa0 Fiancé Tom is a documentary director who follows her about Paris shooting as she prepares for the marriage. But in one of the film’s few contrivances, Tom never follows her to the empty apartment, even when she disappears for hours.\xa0 (I have always wondered what would have happened if he did pursue her). [PAR] Within a very short period of time, Paul seduces Jeanne and embarks on a sexual tryst that lasts for three days. The two know nothing of each other, not even their names. \xa0At first, their affair is a purely physical, isolated experience, and the apartment becomes, as Bertolucci intended, an island on which human relationship"}, 'question': {'"Who was Marlon Brando\'s co-star in the 1972 film ""Last Tango in Paris"", directed by Bernardo Bertolucci?"'}}

['maria schneider']

As a reading comprehension expert, you will receive context and question. Please understand the given Context first and then output the answer of the question based on the Context

{'context': {'[DOC] [TLE] Wikijunior:Human Body/Lungs - WikibooksWikijunior:Human Body/Lungs - Wikibooks, open books for an open world [PAR] Wikijunior:Human Body/Lungs [PAR] This is the latest reviewed version , checked on 7 November 2012. (+) [PAR] \xa0Quality: poor/unrated\xa0\xa0 [PAR] Jump to: navigation , search [PAR] The lung is an organ we use when we breathe. It takes oxygen from the air and transports it to the blood. It also takes carbon dioxide from the blood and releases it into the air. [PAR] What do lungs look like?[ edit ] [PAR] The lungs flank the heart and great vessels in the chest cavity . [PAR] (Source: Gray\'s Anatomy of the Human Body , 20th ed. 1918.) [PAR] Your lungs are located in the chest on either side of the heart. There are two of them. They are similar in appearance, but not identical. [PAR] Lungs have a spongy texture and a honeycomb pattern. They have much more surface area in total than just the outer surface the lung. Each lung is separated into lobes . There are three lobes on the right and two on the left. The left lung contains a dent called the " cardiac notch". The cardiac notch allows room for the heart. The lungs form the major part of thorasic cavity. [PAR] What are the parts of the lungs?[ edit ] [PAR] The two main bronchi are the tubes that enter the roots of the lungs. The bronchi continue to divide within the lung with each branch smaller than the last. At the end of the smallest bronchi (called terminal bronchioles) there are tiny sacks. These sacks are made up of clusters of alveoli, which look a little like grapes in a bunch. The individual alveoli are wrapped in blood vessels. This is where the gas exchange actually occurs. Blood without much oxygen from the heart is pumped through the pulmonary artery to the lungs. Oxygen from the air diffuses into blood and carbon dioxide from the blood is released. The oxygen-rich blood returns to the vein via the pulmonary veins to be pumped back into the rest of the body. The process goes on until you die. [PAR] What is the function of the lungs?[ edit ] [PAR] The cells in our body need oxygen to produce energy. These same cells produce carbon dioxide as a by-product. So there has to be a way for the body to deliver oxygen to cells and carry carbon dioxide from cells. The lungs allow your body to trade its waste carbon dioxide for oxygen. [PAR] The lungs also serve as a cushion or shock absorber for the heart. [PAR] How do the lungs work?[ edit ] [PAR] The diaphragm is a big muscle under your lungs. It pushes downward when you inhale , which enlarges the cavity in the chest and causes the lungs to expand. This causes air to flow into them. When the diaphragm relaxes, air flows out and you exhale . One name for this process is ventilation. [PAR] What organ systems are the lungs connected with?[ edit ] [PAR] The lungs directly connect the respiratory system to the circulatory system, for in the lungs, oxygen will leave the air and enter the blood so that it can be transferred to all of the other cells in your body. Conversely, carbon dioxide is removed from blood back into the air, so that it does not poison the cells that produced it. [PAR] How do the lungs interact with other parts of the body?[ edit ] [PAR] Bronchi , bronchial tree, and lungs . (Cardiac notch labeled at bottom left.) [PAR] Breathing is largely driven by the muscular diaphragm at the bottom of the thorax. Contraction of the diaphragm pulls the bottom of the cavity in which the lung is enclosed downward. Air enter through the oral and nasal cavities; it flows through the larynx and into the trachea, which branches out into bronchi. Relaxation of the diaphragm has the opposite effect, passively recoiling during normal breathing. During exercise, the diaphragm contracts, forcing the air out more quickly and forcefully. The rib cage itself is also able to expand and contract to some degree, through the action of'}, 'question': {'How many lungs should a human have?'}}

['2' 'two']

As a reading comprehension expert, you will receive context and question. Please understand the given Context first and then output the answer of the question based on the Context

{'context': {"[DOC] [TLE] An Explanation of the Term Trojan Horse - Ancient ...An Explanation of the Term Trojan Horse [PAR] An Explanation of the Term Trojan Horse [PAR] An Explanation of the Term Trojan Horse [PAR] Trojan Horse.\xa0 Clipart.com [PAR] Updated August 17, 2016. [PAR] Definition: [PAR] The Trojan Horse is a crafty contraption that allowed the Greeks to put an end to the 10-year-old Trojan War . The wily Greek hero Odysseus conceived the project and design for the Trojan Horse; Epeus , is credited with the actual building of the Trojan Horse. [PAR] The Greeks left a giant wooden object made to look like a horse at the Trojan city gates. Some of the Greeks pretended to sail away, but actually sailed just out of sight. The other Greeks stood waiting, inside the belly of the wooden beast. [PAR] When the Trojans saw the giant wooden horse and the departing Greek troops, they thought the wooden horse was a parting gift for the gods, so most of them wanted to wheel it into their city. The decision to move the Trojan Horse into the city was opposed by Cassandra , the prophetess whose fate was never to be believed, and Laocoon , who was destroyed, along with his two sons, by sea serpents after pleading with his fellow Trojans to leave the Trojan Horse outside their city walls. [PAR] continue reading below our video [PAR] Test Your General Science Knowledge [PAR] The Trojans took this as a sign that the gods were displeased with Laocoon's message. Besides, the Trojans preferred to believe that since the Greeks were gone, the long war was over. The city opened the gates, let the horse in, and celebrated riotously. When the Trojans passed out or fell asleep, the Greeks climbed down from the belly of the Trojan Horse, opened the city gates and ushered the rest of the troops into the city. The Greeks then sacked, destroyed, and burned Troy. [PAR] Also Known As: The horse, the wooden horse [PAR] Examples: Because it was through the belly of the Trojan Horse that Greeks were able to sneak into Troy, the Trojan Horse is the source of the warning: Beware of Greeks bearing gifts. [PAR] Go to Other Ancient / Classical History Glossary pages beginning with the letter[DOC] [TLE] The Trojan Horse - Greek Mythology Wiki - WikiaThe Trojan Horse | Greek Mythology Wiki | Fandom powered by Wikia [PAR] Share [PAR] Ad blocker interference detected! [PAR] Wikia is a free-to-use site that makes money from advertising. We have a modified experience for viewers using ad blockers [PAR] Wikia is not accessible if you’ve made further modifications. Remove the custom ad blocker rule(s) and the page will load as expected. [PAR] Bronze Statue of The Trojan Horse [PAR] \xa0 [PAR] The Trojan Horse was a great wooden horse which the Greeks used to infiltrate Troy.\xa0 The idea was thought up by Odysseus son of the Argonaut Laertes.\xa0 The Greeks created the horse and\xa0left it at the Walls of Troy which were nerely indestructable.\xa0 The Greeks then sailed away.\xa0 The Trojans interpretted the horse as a token of surrender.\xa0 Unbeknown to the Trojans several Greek heroes were hidden inside the horse and the Greek ships were turning around heading back for Troy.\xa0 During the night while the Trojans were drunk and tired from celebrating the Greek Heroes emerged and opened the Walls of Troy letting the Greek\xa0army in to the city.\xa0 The Greeks surprised and overwhelmed\xa0the Trojans killing all but one Aenias\xa0 [PAR] Creation[DOC] [TLE] Trojan Horse Continued - World History For Kids - By ...Trojan Horse Continued - World History For Kids - By KidsPast.com [PAR] Written for the KidsKnowIt Network by: [PAR] Brandon Guymon [PAR] The Trojan horse, the very word has come to mean a sneaky trick. It was a military strategy used by the Greeks to take over the City of Troy in a war that may not have actually taken place. The Trojan War is one of the most important events in Greek Mythology. Because it was an event in mythology, many historians and archaeologists wonder if the war really took place; but in 1869, two archaeologists named Henrich Schleimann and Frank Calvert found the remains"}, 'question': {'In Greek mythology, who thought up the idea of the Trojan Horse?'}}

['odysseus']

As a reading comprehension expert, you will receive context and question. Please understand the given Context first and then output the answer of the question based on the Context

{'context': {'[DOC] [TLE] Burj Al Arab - The Skyscraper CenterBurj Al Arab - The Skyscraper Center [PAR] Burj Al Arab [PAR] 197.5 m / 648 ft \xa0 Height: To Tip [PAR] 321 m / 1,053 ft [PAR] Mitsubishi Elevator and Escalator; Otis Elevator Company [PAR] • Paint/Coating [PAR] Sendai Eversendai Engineering Group [PAR] About Burj Al Arab [PAR] When construction began on the private island upon which Burj Al Arab would be built, Dubai was a very different place. In the late 1990’s, the rapid pace of construction which developed one of the world’s most impressive skylines was just in its very early stages, and as such, the Burj Al Arab is regarded as one of the first key landmarks of modern Dubai. When opened in 1999, Burj Al Arab was advertised as the world’s first and only 7 star hotel, offering a luxury experience that was truly unique. [PAR] Inspired by the shape of a sail boat about to head into the Persian Gulf, the triangular shaped building’s design began with intent to create a recognizable landmark for the emerging city. Upon completion, Burj Al Arab was the world’s tallest hotel and included the world’s tallest atrium which rises 182 meters through the interior of the building. The atrium is aligned to the building’s southern exposure and is separated from the outside by a glass fiber screen attached to the building through a network of steel cables. The screen reduces solar heat gain through the elimination of windows while still allowing for diffused light to enter the atrium space. The screen is designed to flex with the wind loads of the building’s coastal location and is coated with Teflon, a non-stick coating often used in kitchenware which prevents dust and dirt from adhering to the screen in the desert environment where wind-blown sand is common. [PAR] The guest rooms are aligned in a wedge formation flanking the atrium and facing out into the gulf, while 9 restaurants and lounges are spread throughout the structure, including on the uppermost floor. The main roofline includes a helipad which can guests may use to travel to and from the building. The occupiable space of Burj Al Arab is set within an external structural system built within a composite frame and includes six large diagonal steel trusses, each one as long as a football field. Because of the location positioned into the gulf, the foundation is only made up of friction piles extending 45 meters into the sand below the island, in contrast to bedrock which often anchors supertall buildings. [PAR] In early 2016, the private island was expanded 10,000 square meters in size through the use of a steel deck attached to piles driven into the seabed. The northward extension was built in modular form using six individual pieces constructed in Finland and sent by ship 8,000 nautical miles to the Burj Al Arab. [PAR] As Dubai has continued to build up around the Burj Al Arab, it has lost its title of world’s tallest hotel multiple times to nearby towers. As the skyline continues to expand Burj Al Arab will remain a key landmark that will not only be intrinsically part of Dubai’s world image, but it will also serve a reminder of the transition era when Dubai emerged into the city it is today. [PAR] CTBUH Initiatives[DOC] [TLE] Burj Al Arab - The Tallest and Most Luxurious Hotel in the ...Burj Al Arab - The Tallest and Most Luxurious Hotel in the World. [PAR] Building the Tallest Hotel : Burj Al Arab, Dubai [PAR] written by: Raunekk•edited by: Lamar Stonecypher•updated: 11/28/2009 [PAR] Burj Al Arab is an iconic hotel located on an artificial island near the Jumeirah beach in Dubai. A fabulous civil engineering wonder, Burj Al Arab is to Dubai what the Opera House is to Sydney. Find out more about this most luxurious hotel in the article inside. [PAR] slide 1 of 4 [PAR] Introduction [PAR] Burj Al Arab, one of the world’s tallest buildings, is an iconic structure and also the world’s most luxurious hotel. Known as the “Towers of Arabia" in Arabic, this magnificent building has received great recognition from around the world, mainly because of its peculiar design that resembles the shape of a boat’s sail. [PAR] Built on a man'}, 'question': {'Burge Al Arab Hotel, built in the shape of a sail, is where? SP'}}

['dubai']

As a reading comprehension expert, you will receive context and question. Please understand the given Context first and then output the answer of the question based on the Context

{'context': {'[DOC] [TLE] Marti Pellow, Musical artist - Bio & FactsMarti Pellow, Musical artist • Biography & Facts [PAR] Marti Pellow [PAR] Musical artist [PAR] Marti Pellow (born Mark McLachlan; 23 March 1965) is a Scottish singer. He has been the lead singer of the Scottish pop group Wet Wet Wet since their formation in 1982, and has also recorded solo material.[DOC] [TLE] Marti Pellow — Free listening, videos, concerts, stats and ...Marti Pellow — Free listening, videos, concerts, stats and photos at Last.fm [PAR] fh projex [PAR] Marti Pellow (born March 23, 1965 in Clydebank, near Glasgow, Scotland) is the lead singer of the Scottish pop group Wet Wet Wet . [PAR] He enjoyed success with the group throughout the late 1980s and 1990s. However, in 1997 drummer Tommy Cummingham left the band and its success waned immediately. Pellow was by this time suffering from addiction to heroin. He famously quoted, on finally beating the drug, "It was textbook. I couldn\'t function without it. But there\'s no romantic side… read more[DOC] [TLE] Marti Pellow Net Worth | Celebrity Net WorthMarti Pellow Net Worth | Celebrity Net Worth [PAR] Marti Pellow Net Worth [PAR] Marti Pellow net worth: [PAR] $20 Million [PAR] Marti Pellow net worth: Marti Pellow is a Scottish singer who has a net worth of $20 million. Marti Pellow was born in Clydebank, Scotland in march 1965. Pellow is known as the lead singer for the Scottish pop group Wet Wet Wet and for his solo material. Pellow\'s father was not supportive of him being a musician and wanted him to be a builder like he and his father. At 17 years old Marti formed a band with three friends from high school called Vortex Motion. They later changed the name to Wet Wet Wet. The band won Best British Newcomer at the 1988 Brit Awards. Their debut studio album Popped In Souled Out was released in 1987 and was certified 5x Platinum in the UK where it also reached #1. The band released a total of seven studio albums and their albums High on the Happy Side and Picture This also reached #1 in the UK. Their best known single was their 1994 cover of The Troggs hit "Love Is All Around". Pellow released his solo debut studio album Smile in 2001. The album was certified Gold in the UK and reached #7 on the UK chart. He would go on to release a total of eight studio albums and has his best success with the #9 UK hit "Close to You". He turned to theater and acted in tours of Jeff Wayne\'s Musical Version of The War of the Worlds – Alive on Stage! The New Generation and Evita. He placed sixth for a 2003 Glasgow Herald poll for "The Most Scottish Person in the World". [PAR] Marti Pellow[DOC] [TLE] Marti Pellow News | Wiki - UPI.comMarti Pellow News | Wiki - UPI.com [PAR] Marti Pellow News [PAR] (March 23) Today\'s birthdays include Doc Watson in 1923 (age 79); Ric Ocasek, formerly of The Cars, who was born in 1949 (age 53); Chaka Khan, whose real name is Yvette Marie Stevens, in 1953 (age 49); ... [PAR] Wiki [PAR] Marti Pellow (born 23 March 1965) has been the lead singer of the Scottish pop group Wet Wet Wet since their formation in 1982. He has also recorded solo material. [PAR] Mark McLachlan was born in Clydebank on 23 March 1965. In 1982, at the age of seventeen, McLachlan formed a band with three friends from Clydebank High School. The friends were Tommy Cunningham, Graeme Clark and Neil Mitchell, and the band\'s name was Vortex Motion. This was subsequently changed to Wet Wet Wet, a title taken from the Scritti Politti song, "Gettin, Havin\' and Holdin\'". McLachlan also changed his birth name in favour of the stage name Marti Pellow. [PAR] Pellow enjoyed success with Wet Wet Wet throughout the late 1980s and 1990s. However, in 1997 drummer Tommy Cunningham left the band and its success waned immediately. Pellow was by this time suffering from an addiction to heroin. On finally beating the drug, he stated: "'}, 'question': {'Marti Pellow was the lead vocalist of what group?'}}

['wet wet wet']

As a reading comprehension expert, you will receive context and question. Please understand the given Context first and then output the answer of the question based on the Context

{'context': {'[DOC] [TLE] Lawn Tennis Association \'rewards failure\', claim Roger ...Lawn Tennis Association \'rewards failure\', claim Roger Draper critics - Telegraph [PAR] Tennis [PAR] Lawn Tennis Association \'rewards failure\', claim Roger Draper critics [PAR] Three of the Lawn Tennis Association\'s critics have urged the All-Party Parliamentary Tennis Group to examine whether the governing body has paid substantial bonuses to its employees, with suggestions that the LTA has been "rewarding failure". [PAR] Failure: Britain\'s Davis Cup team were defeated by Lithuania\xa0Photo: GETTY IMAGES [PAR] By Mark Hodgkinson [PAR] 10:59PM GMT 16 Mar 2010 [PAR] The critics would like the panel of peers and MPs to examine how much has been paid in bonuses to staff in the four years since Roger Draper became the chief executive. [PAR] Adrian Rattenbury, the president of the European Registry of Tennis Professionals, which represents coaches in Britain, was one of those who addressed the All-Party Group at the Houses of Parliament on Tuesday, and afterwards he suggested that the LTA had been "rewarding failure and non-achievement". [PAR] "I don\'t understand why the LTA\'s employees are being rewarded for failure. Why should you be paid extra if you haven\'t done your job and met your targets, never mind surpassed them? This is rewarding and funding failure, funding non-achievement, and it doesn\'t make sense," Rattenbury said. [PAR] "The All-Party Group should ask the LTA how much they have paid in bonuses since Draper became the chief executive in 2006. They haven\'t met their targets, so why should they be paid extra? Anyone who is passionate about British tennis won\'t be happy about the bonuses that have been paid by the LTA. These bonuses are taking money out of the game. I don\'t think the LTA should receive a penny of public money." [PAR] Mark Petchey, Andy Murray\'s former coach, and a former head of men\'s national training at the LTA, agreed. "When you consider the state of British tennis, I think it\'s unacceptable that bonuses have been paid. People are receiving bonuses for not achieving." [PAR] Related Articles[DOC] [TLE] Cathie Sabin becomes first woman president of Lawn Tennis ...Cathie Sabin becomes first woman president of Lawn Tennis Association | Sport | The Guardian [PAR] Cathie Sabin becomes first woman president of Lawn Tennis Association [PAR] • Body\'s glass ceiling is breached after 125 years [PAR] • Sabin says game should prepare for \'time of change\' [PAR] Cathie Sabin says one of her priorities is to increase the number of women and girls playing tennis. Photograph: Scott Heavey/Getty Images [PAR] Wednesday 11 December 2013 15.26\xa0EST [PAR] First published on Wednesday 11 December 2013 15.26\xa0EST [PAR] Close [PAR] This article is 3 years old [PAR] Cathie Sabin, a former schoolteacher who once numbered future England football internationals Michael Owen, Sol Campbell, Joe Cole and Jermain Defoe among her students, became the first woman president of the 125-year-old Lawn Tennis Association on Wednesday. [PAR] The game should get ready for "a time of change", said Sabin, 66, who succeeded Peter Bretherton at the association\'s annual general meeting. [PAR] "It\'s a huge privilege," she said. "At a time when we are trying to raise the profile of women and girls in sport, not just tennis, it\'s a great opportunity. It\'s one of our big roles, to increase participation for women and girls. If they can see somebody who\'s female, who\'s got there, but not by an elite player route, but the volunteer route, I think it sends a huge message." [PAR] She welcomed the arrival of the Canadian Michael Downey next month as Roger Draper\'s successor as chief executive, and agreed it was good that he was coming "without baggage". [PAR] "That\'s healthy," she said. "He\'s open, he listens and I think it will be a really exciting time, a time of change." [PAR] Sabin said she will join Judy Murray, the captain of the Great Britain Federation Cup team, to "spread the word". [PAR] "Judy is'}, 'question': {"Who became the head of the UK's Lawn Tennis Association in 2006?"}}

['roger draper']

As a reading comprehension expert, you will receive context and question. Please understand the given Context first and then output the answer of the question based on the Context

{'context': {'[DOC] [TLE] Benjamin DisraeliBenjamin Disraeli, 1st Earl of Beaconsfield, (21 December 1804\xa0– 19 April 1881) was a British politician and writer, who twice served as Prime Minister. He played a central role in the creation of the modern Conservative Party, defining its policies and its broad outreach. Disraeli is remembered for his influential voice in world affairs, his political battles with the Liberal Party leader William Ewart Gladstone, and his one-nation conservatism or "Tory democracy". He made the Conservatives the party most identified with the glory and power of the British Empire. He is the only British Prime Minister of Jewish birth. [PAR] Disraeli was born in London. His father left Judaism after a dispute at his synagogue; young Benjamin became an Anglican at the age of 12. After several unsuccessful attempts, Disraeli entered the House of Commons in 1837. In 1846 the Prime Minister, Sir Robert Peel split the party over his proposal to repeal the Corn Laws, which involved ending the tariff on imported grain. Disraeli clashed with Peel in the Commons. Disraeli became a major figure in the party. When Lord Derby, the party leader, thrice formed governments in the 1850s and 1860s, Disraeli served as Chancellor of the Exchequer and Leader of the House of Commons. He also forged a bitter rivalry with Gladstone of the Liberal Party. [PAR] Upon Derby\'s retirement in 1868, Disraeli became Prime Minister briefly before losing that year\'s election. He returned to opposition, before leading the party to a majority in the 1874 election. He maintained a close friendship with Queen Victoria, who in 1876 created him Earl of Beaconsfield. Disraeli\'s second term was dominated by the Eastern Question—the slow decay of the Ottoman Empire and the desire of other European powers, such as Russia, to gain at its expense. Disraeli arranged for the British to purchase a major interest in the Suez Canal Company (in Ottoman-controlled Egypt). In 1878, faced with Russian victories against the Ottomans, he worked at the Congress of Berlin to obtain peace in the Balkans at terms favourable to Britain and unfavourable to Russia, its longstanding enemy. This diplomatic victory over Russia established Disraeli as one of Europe\'s leading statesmen. [PAR] World events thereafter moved against the Conservatives. Controversial wars in Afghanistan and South Africa undermined his public support. He angered British farmers by refusing to reinstitute the Corn Laws in response to poor harvests and cheap imported grain. With Gladstone conducting a massive speaking campaign, his Liberals bested Disraeli\'s Conservatives in the 1880 election. In his final months, Disraeli led the Conservatives in opposition. He had throughout his career written novels, beginning in 1826, and he published his last completed novel, Endymion, shortly before he died at the age of 76. [PAR] Early life [PAR] Childhood [PAR] Disraeli was born on 21\xa0December 1804 at 6\xa0King\'s Road, Bedford Row, Bloomsbury, London, the second child and eldest son of Isaac D\'Israeli, a literary critic and historian, and Maria (Miriam), née Basevi. The family was of Sephardic Jewish Italian mercantile background. All Disraeli\'s grandparents and great grandparents were born in Italy; Isaac\'s father, Benjamin, moved to England from Venice in 1748. Disraeli later romanticised his origins, claiming that his father\'s family was of grand Spanish and Venetian descent; in fact Isaac\'s family was of no great distinction, but on Disraeli\'s mother\'s side, in which he took no interest, there were some highly distinguished forebears.Wolf, Lucien. "The Disraeli Family", The Times, 21 December 1904, p. 12 Historians differ on Disraeli\'s motives for rewriting his family history: Bernard Glassman argues that it was intended to give him status comparable to that of England\'s ruling élite; Sarah Bradford believes "his dislike of the commonplace would not allow him to accept the facts of his birth as being as middle class and undramatic as they really were". [PAR] Disraeli\'s siblings were Sarah (1802–1859), Naphtali (born and died 1807), Ralph (1809–1898), and James ("Jem") (1813–1868). He was close'}, 'question': {"Benjamin Disraeli's government was elected in the UK how many times?"}}

['one']

As a reading comprehension expert, you will receive context and question. Please understand the given Context first and then output the answer of the question based on the Context

{'context': {"[DOC] [TLE] American Civil War - 19th Century History: People and ...American Civil War [PAR] The American Civil War [PAR] The American Civil war lasted for four years and was a defining event of the 19th century.\xa0 [PAR] Sign Up for Our Free Newsletters [PAR] Thanks, You're in![DOC] [TLE] Death and Dying--Civil War Era National Cemeteries ...Death and Dying--Civil War Era National Cemeteries: Discover Our Shared Heritage Travel Itinerary [PAR] Discover Our Shared Heritage Travel Itinerary [PAR] Civil War Era National Cemeteries: Honoring Those Who Served\xa0 [PAR] Death and Dying [PAR] After the Battle of Gettysburg [PAR] Collection of the New York Historical Society, nhnycw/ad ad23054 [PAR] In the middle of the 19th century, the United States entered into a civil war that proved bloodier than any other conflict in American history, a war that would presage the slaughter of World War I’s Western Front and the global carnage of the 20th century. \xa0The number of soldiers who died between 1861 and 1865, generally estimated at 620,000, is approximately equal to the total of American fatalities in the Revolutionary War, the War of 1812, the Mexican War, the Spanish American War, World War I, World War II, and the Korean War, combined. \xa0The Civil War’s rate of death, its incidence in comparison with the size of the American population, was six times that of World War II. A similar rate, about two percent, in the United States today would mean six million fatalities. \xa0As the new southern nation struggled for survival against a wealthier and more populous enemy, its death toll reflected the disproportionate strains on its human capital. \xa0Confederate men died at a rate three times that of their Yankee counterparts; one in five white southern men of military age did not survive the Civil War.\xa0 Twice as many Civil War soldiers died from disease as from battle wounds, the result in considerable measure of poor sanitation in an era that created mass armies that did not yet understand the transmission of infectious diseases like typhoid, typhus, and dysentery. [PAR] These military statistics, however, tell only a part of the story. \xa0The war also killed a significant number of civilians; battles raged across farm and field, encampments of troops spread epidemic disease, guerrillas ensnared women and children in violence and reprisals, draft rioters targeted innocent citizens, and shortages of food in parts of the South brought starvation. \xa0No one sought to document these deaths systematically, and no one has devised a method of undertaking a retrospective count. \xa0The distinguished Civil War historian James McPherson has estimated that there were 50,000 civilian deaths during the war, and has concluded that the overall mortality rate for the South exceeded that of any country in World War I and all but the region between the Rhine and the Volga in World War II. \xa0The American Civil War produced carnage that was often thought to be reserved for the combination of technological proficiency and inhumanity characteristic of a later time. [PAR] Bringing in the wounded, May 12, 1864 [PAR] Collection of the New York Historical Society, nhnycw/ad ad43006 [PAR] The impact and meaning of the war’s death toll went beyond the sheer numbers who died. \xa0Death’s significance for the Civil War generation changed dramatically from its previous prevailing assumptions about life’s proper end—about who should die, when and where, and under what circumstances. \xa0Death was familiar to mid-19th-century Americans, but by the beginning of the 1860s, the rate of death in the United States had begun to decline, although dramatic improvements in longevity would not appear until late in the century. \xa0The patterns to which they were accustomed, however, were in many ways different from those introduced by the war. \xa0Although mid-19th-century Americans endured a high rate of infant mortality, they expected that most individuals who had reached young adulthood would survive into middle age. \xa0Yet, the Civil War took young, healthy men"}, 'question': {'The US Civil War was in which century?'}}

['19th']

As a reading comprehension expert, you will receive context and question. Please understand the given Context first and then output the answer of the question based on the Context

{'context': {'[DOC] [TLE] Summary of George Fox\'s Life - The Way to RighteousnessSummary of George Fox\'s Life [PAR] 19th Century Engraving of George Fox, [PAR] Thought to be Painted by S. Chinn [PAR] Text in Light Blue or bold Light Blue can be "clicked" for backup [PAR] in scripture or detail in writings. [PAR] These writings only refer to the early Quakers . [PAR] Many of today\'s Quaker sects don\'t require a belief in Christ or even God. [PAR] George Fox (July 1624 – January 13, 1691) was the founder of the Religious Society of Friends, commonly known as the Quakers, because they trembled in fear of God . He was a serious child, who listened to the Lord early and sought a deep relationship with the Lord. In his late teens, he responded to the Lord\'s commands to seek him in isolation from others. For several years, sometimes walking all night, he listened to the Lord\'s teachings. As with the Apostle Paul\'s three years of isolation in Arabia, this resulted in Fox\'s renewal of mind and spirit. At the age of 22 he became a minister of truth and changed the world at that time by establishing a church that exhibited the fruits of Christianity. At his death, ten per cent of England\'s population were Quakers, (650,000). Quakers were spread over the world. The greatest testimony to the authenticity of his faith is the persecution, ( as predicted by Christ for his true followers) , that he and the early Quakers experienced. He was arrested and taken to court over sixty times, spending over six years in harsh imprisonments, and thirteen thousand Quakers were imprisoned while even more had their property seized, (the Quaker faith was very threatening to the dominant protestant sects (Anglican, Baptists, Puritan, and Presbyterian.) . His autobiographical journal , describing his inspiring translation into paradise and his subsequent forty-five-year ministry, is a text popular even among non-Quakers for its vivid account of his personal journey. [PAR] Death and legacy [PAR] Early life [PAR] George Fox was born at Drayton-in-the-Clay, Leicestershire, England (now known as Fenny Drayton), 24 km (15 miles) southwest of Leicester . His father, Christopher Fox, was a weaver, called "righteous Christer" by his neighbors; his mother, Mary Lago, was—he tells us—"of the stock of the Martyrs." From childhood, Fox was of a serious, religious disposition. His education was based around the faith and practice of the Church of England , of which his parents were members. He had no formal schooling, but was able to read and write. Even at a young age, he was taught by the Lord: "I being brought up into the covenant, as sanctified by the living word , [the Holy Spirit, not the Bible], which was in the beginning, by which all things were upheld, in which there is unity with the creation." "When I came to eleven years of age," he said, "I knew pureness and righteousness; for while I was a child, I was taught how to walk to be kept pure. The Lord taught me to be faithful, in all things, and to act faithfully two ways: inwardly to God, and outwardly to man." [PAR] George Fox [PAR] Painted by S. Chinn, [PAR] Engraved by S. Allen. [PAR] As he grew up, his relations "thought to have made him a priest," but he was instead made an apprentice to a shoemaker and grazier. This suited his contemplative temperament, and he became well-known for his diligence among the wool traders who had dealings with his master; he also prospered and saved considerable funds. Fox was for using the creation for health, rather than consuming it on lusts in excessive eating and drinking. He testified against sports, hunting, plays, fashion , oppressive judges, loose school teachers'}, 'question': {'What religious organisation was formed under the leadership of George Fox in the mid 17th century?'}}

['society of friends' 'quakers']

As a reading comprehension expert, you will receive context and question. Please understand the given Context first and then output the answer of the question based on the Context

{'context': {'[DOC] [TLE] Battle of LandrianoThe Battle of Landriano took place on 21 June 1529, between the French army under Francis de Bourbon, Comte de St. Pol and the Imperial–Spanish army commanded by Don Antonio de Leyva, Duke of Terranova in the context of the War of the League of Cognac. The French army was destroyed and marked the end of the ambitions of Francis I of France to vie for control of northern Italy with Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor. [PAR] Background [PAR] In 1528 the Genoese Admiral, Andrea Doria, after deserting in favour of Emperor Charles V, managed to break up the French siege of Naples; his efforts were helped by the plague, which decimated the French besiegers, among them General Odet of Foix, Viscount of Lautrec, who died on 15 August. After his death, the French army was commanded by the Giovanni Ludovico of Saluzzo, who, under the circumstances ordered his troops to withdraw on 29 August, but eventually the Imperial–Spanish forces led by Philibert of Châlon, Prince of Orange, caught up with them and decimated them. Shortly after the whole French army in the south of Italy capitulated. [PAR] Between August 1528 and June 1529, intense diplomatic activities between King Francis I of France and Holy Roman Emperor Charles V resulted in the Treaty of Barcelona. [PAR] Battle [PAR] On 21 June 1529 King Francis I still had his troops stationed in Landriano, a region of Lombardy, near Pavia, scene of the decisive confrontation which resulted in a total French defeat in Italy. [PAR] The Count of St. Pol\'s reserve French troops were intercepted and neutralised by the Spanish troops commanded by Don Antonio de Leyva, Duke of Terranova. The French army was left destroyed, which ended Francis\'s hopes of regaining his hold on Italy. The French commander, Francis de Bourbon, was also captured, leaving the Duchy of Milan under the complete control of the Emperor. [PAR] Hostilities continued however, although without any French participation, with the Imperial–Spanish army led by Philibert of Châlon, Prince of Orange, against the Republic of Florence and installing Alessandro de\' Medici as the ruler of Florence. [PAR] Aftermath [PAR] With France\'s defeat in Landriano and the Treaty of Barcelona, Francis I of France felt obliged to begin negotiations with the Emperor. [PAR] On 3 August, the King of France\'s mother, Louise of Savoy, and the Emperor\'s aunt, Margaret of Austria, signed the Treaty of Cambrai. Francis obtained the restitution of his sons, but on the condition that he had to abandon Italy, persuade the Venetians and the Duke of Ferrara to restore the occupied lands to the Emperor and the Pope Clement VII, not to interfere in the affairs of Italy and Germany, and to cooperate in the fight against the Protestants, to provide compensation of 200,000 ducats and send 4 ships, 12 galleys and 4 galleons for when the Emperor planned to go to Italy for his coronation. [PAR] The Treaty made no reference to the Duchy of Burgundy, evening out with this silence the humiliating situation that was put to Francis in the Treaty of Madrid.[DOC] [TLE] Charles V, Holy Roman EmperorCharles\xa0V or Charles\xa0I (; ; ; Dutch: Karel V; ) (24 February 1500 – 21 September 1558), was a Duke of Burgundy and Holy Roman Emperor. He was ruler of both the Spanish Empire from 1516 and Holy Roman Empire from 1519, as well as of Habsburg Netherlands from 1506, until he voluntarily stepped down from these and other positions by a series of abdications between 1554 and 1556. Through inheritance, he brought together under his rule extensive territories in western, central, and southern Europe, and the Spanish colonies in the Americas and Asia. As a result, his domains spanned nearly four million square kilometers, and were the first to be described as "the empire on which the sun never sets". [PAR] Charles was the heir of three of Europe\'s leading dynasties: the Houses of Valois-Burgundy (Netherlands), Habsburg (Holy Roman Empire), and Trastámara (Spain). He inherited the Burgundian Netherlands and the Franche-Comté as heir of the House of Valois-'}, 'question': {'After the Battle of Landriano, French monarch Franois I was forced to concede defeat in which war?'}}

['treaty of cambrai' 'league of cognac']

As a reading comprehension expert, you will receive context and question. Please understand the given Context first and then output the answer of the question based on the Context

{'context': {"[DOC] [TLE] Uranus - Greek MythologyUranus [PAR] Uranus [PAR] See More Uranus Pictures > [PAR] Uranus was a primal Greek god, symbolising the sky. According to Hesiod's Theogony , he was born by Gaea alone. Other sources say that his parents were Gaea and Chaos , or Gaea and Aether . [PAR] Uranus and Gaea had many children; the twelve Titans , three Cyclopes , and three Hecatoncheires . Hating his children, Uranus banished them to Tartarus , inside Gaea . Gaea was infuriated and created a diamond sickle, which she gave to Cronus , one of the Titans . Cronus found his father and castrated him in his sleep; from the blood that fell on the earth, the Erinnyes , the Giants and the Meliads were born; while from the sperm that fell into the sea, Aphrodite was born. Thus ended the reign of Uranus , and Cronus became the new ruler of the universe. [PAR] Uranus Is also called Caelus, Ouranos.[DOC] [TLE] Mythology of the Planets - Spiffy EntertainmentMythology of the Planets [PAR] The Planets: Representatives of the Gods [PAR] This is pretty common information and basic to mythology, but for anyone who doesn't know, this is the relation the planets of our solar system have to Greek Mythology. The planets are named after the Roman counterparts of the Greek gods, so I've made reference to who they are in Greek mythology. [PAR] Mercury - Mercury represents the messenger god, Hermes. I think the reason why Mercury represents Hermes is because Mercury revolves around the sun the fastest and Hermes was known to be swift of foot. [PAR] Venus - Venus represents the goddess of love & beauty, Aphrodite. Venus is known as the most beautiful planet in the solar system, thus it's named after the goddess of beauty. [PAR] Earth - Earth represents Terra. From what I understand, she was a goddess of land. I don't know much else about it. Earth is one mysterious place.... [PAR] Mars - Mars represents the god of war, Ares. Mars of course is red which is also the color of war (symbolic of blood). The two moons of Mars are named after the two sons of Ares, Phobos and Deimos (those two names should sound familiar to all you Doom fans out there). [PAR] Jupiter - Jupiter represents the ruler of the gods, Zeus. The planet is the largest and most magnificent which is representative of the great Zeus. Jupiter has 16 moons. The 4 largest are named after some of Zeus' affairs, Io, Europa, Ganymede, and Callisto. The other 12 moons represent more of Zeus' lovers, a few of his children, and others linked the great god. They are: Adrasta, Amalthea, Ananke, Carme, Elara, Himalia, Leda, Lysithia, Metis, Pasiphae, Thebe, and Sinope. [PAR] Saturn - Saturn represents the father of Zeus, Cronus. Why Cronus? I honestly don't know. What I do know is that the 18 moons surrounding Saturn are named after various Titans, Gods, Goddesses, and other important figures in Greek mythology. They are: Atlas, Calypso, Dione, Enceladus, Epimetheus, Helene, Hyperion, Iapetus, Janus, Mimas, Pan, Pandora, Phoebe, Prometheus, Rhea, Telesto, Tethys, and Titan. [PAR] Uranus - Uranus represents, yeah you guessed it, Uranus! This one's really wierd. Non of the moons of Uranus are named after anyone in Greek Mythology. Stupid Uranus....never liked him anyway..... [PAR] Neptune - Neptune of course represents the god of the sea, Poseidon. I think the reason for this is because it's a blue planet and the sea looks blue under the sky, see the connection? Good, you're getting smarter by the moment :) Neptune's largest moon is named after Poseidon's son, Triton. The rest are named after sea nymphs and others associated with the water. They are: Despina, Galatea, Larissa, Naiad, Neried, Proteus, and Thalassa. [PAR] Pluto - Pluto represents the god of the dead and"}, 'question': {'In Greek mythology, who were the children of Uranus and Galatea?'}}

['titan' 'titans']

As a reading comprehension expert, you will receive context and question. Please understand the given Context first and then output the answer of the question based on the Context

{'context': {'[DOC] [TLE] The Love of Money - Root of all evil ... - Learn The BibleThe Love of Money - Root of all evil or all kinds of evil? | Learn The Bible [PAR] Home [PAR] The Love of Money - Root of all evil or all kinds of evil? [PAR] The following is a question I read in "Messianic Perspectives" (previously called the Christian Jew prior to becoming politically correct) Newsletter. "The King James Version of the Bible says that the love of money is the root of all evil ( 1 Timothy 6:10 For the love of money is the root of all evil: which while some coveted after, they have erred from the faith, and pierced themselves through with many sorrows. [PAR] See All... ), but other Bible versions say that the love of money is the root of all kinds of evil. I think the second translation (non-KJV) is more accurate because money seems to have nothing to do with sins like lust or jealousy. What do you think?" [PAR] Gary Hedrick (who has since abandoned the KJ Bible after Charles Halff\'s passing away) proceeds to answer quoting the Greek text - "For a root of all the evils is the money-love". He goes on to list several Greek words that use "philos" as a prefix. He points out that Paul doesn\'t say it\'s "the" root of evil, but rather "a" root; and, he concludes that "money-love" is but one factor that brings about evil. [PAR] What is your understanding of this passage and please comment on the necessity of referring to the Greek text by today\'s Bible teachers. [PAR] Sometimes, a little research into the Greek or Hebrew can aid in determining the English definition of the English word that was chosen by the translators. However, as a whole (in about 99.8% of the cases), a reference to the Greek or Hebrew is made either to correct the English (as in your example above) or to exalt the intelligence of the teacher/preacher. In almost every case, reference to the original languages does not clarify the meaning but actually muddies the water of understanding. Many run to the Greek and Hebrew because they have not taken the time to understand the doctrine in question, the message of the Bible book, or the English language in context. [PAR] However, I do not mean to seem extremely harsh. This is what Bible students are taught to do from the time they enter Bible College or Seminary. They learn it as a habit from teachers they respect. Therefore, those who over-emphasize the importance of the original languages have much to support them in their approach. People like me who believe in the preservation of the King James Bible are those ridiculed as ignorant. There are some good people who have just not seen the power of the English. [PAR] The interpretation of 1 Timothy 6:10 For the love of money is the root of all evil: which while some coveted after, they have erred from the faith, and pierced themselves through with many sorrows. [PAR] See All... is an interesting experiment in these two approaches to God\'s word. We are continually told that the King James wording is wrong and that the passage can be understood by going to the Greek. We are told that the Greek clearly states "a" root. What people are usually not told is that the Greek has no equivalent to the English "a" or "an." The Greek language has no indefinite article. [PAR] Greek does have a definite article; an equivalent to our "the." The argument goes that when the "the" is missing, it automatically means "a" or "an." Interestingly enough, this is the same argument used by the Jehovah Witnesses to "prove" that John 1:1 In the beginning was the Word, and the Word was with God, and the Word was God. [PAR] See All... says "the Word was a god." Of course, everyone but the Jehovah\'s Witnesses know this is foolishness. The problem is that interpretation is much more complicated than learning and applying'}, 'question': {'"According to the Bible, ""money is the root of all ..."" what?"'}}

['evil']

As a reading comprehension expert, you will receive context and question. Please understand the given Context first and then output the answer of the question based on the Context

{'context': {"[DOC] [TLE] freestyle skiing | sport | Britannica.comfreestyle skiing | sport | Britannica.com [PAR] Freestyle skiing [PAR] Freestyle skiing, winter sport that combines skiing and acrobatics. The sport has experimented with a range of events, but there are two that have been constant through the course of the sport’s international competition: aerials and moguls. [PAR] Aiko Uemura competing in the Freestyle Skiing Women’s Moguls Cup event in Åre, Sweden, March … [PAR] Janerik Henriksson/AP [PAR] Somersaults and other tricks were exhibited before 1914 and became popular meet additions in the early 1920s. Such stunts performed in the air (now called aerials ) were developed in the 1950s, especially by Olympic gold medalist Stein Eriksen . Currently there are two varieties: upright and inverted. Flips or any movements where a competitor’s feet are higher than his head are not allowed in upright competition. Instead, the skier performs such jumps as the daffy (one ski extended forward, the other backward) or the spread eagle. In inverted competition contestants execute flips and somersaults, often reaching heights of 12.2 to 15.2 metres (40 to 50 feet). The skiers build up speed on the inrun, which leads to various ramps and a landing hill with an incline of 34°–39° and a length of 30 metres (100 feet). Based on the degree of difficulty, the routine is scored on form and technique (50 percent), takeoff and height (20 percent), and landing (30 percent). [PAR] skiing: Freestyle skiing [PAR] Mogul skiing arose soon after aerials in an effort to navigate the large bumps, called moguls, on many ski slopes. Competing on a steep (22°–32°), 200- to 270-metre (660- to 890-foot) course, the skier is scored on speed, turn techniques, and two mandatory upright jumps. [PAR] One of the first freestyle events was acro , also known as ballet, which was invented in the early 1930s in Europe. Utilizing moves from figure skating and gymnastics, the acro skier performed a 90-second routine set to music in which jumps, pole flips, and spins were executed while skiing on a gently sloping hill. By the 21st century acro had given way to the more-dramatic half-pipe and ski-cross competitions that were derived from snowboard events. [PAR] Similar Topics [PAR] World Cup [PAR] Freestyle skiing flourished on American slopes in the 1950s and ’60s as “hot dog” skiers performed increasingly daring moves. Widespread popularity quickly established it as a serious sport. In 1980 a World Cup tour was founded, and in 1980–81 the International Ski Federation (FIS) recognized freestyle skiing as an official sport. After an appearance at the 1988 Games in Calgary, Alberta, Canada , as a demonstration discipline , freestyle skiing was approved for Olympic competition. Mogul skiing debuted at the 1992 Games in Albertville, France , and aerials events were added to the 1994 Olympics in Lillehammer, Norway. Ski half-pipe and slopestyle (wherein skiers race down a course laden with jumps and rails, off of which they do tricks that are judged for points) were added to the schedule for the 2014 Olympic Winter Games in Sochi, Russia. [PAR] Overview of freeskiing.[DOC] [TLE] Definitions for skiing terms - Ski.comDefinitions for skiing terms [PAR] The A-Z ski glossary [PAR] New to skiing and unfamiliar with all the jargon? Don't worry. We'll get you up to speed. [PAR] As North America’s largest provider of ski vacation packages, we get a lot of questions about everything related to skiing. Our Mountain Vacation Specialists have skied and stayed at all of the 120-plus ski resorts we sell worldwide. They really know their stuff when it comes to terrain, ski vacations, ski accommodations and ski resorts, which is why we tapped them to help define some key terms related to skiing. If you have additional questions about any of the ski terms below, don’t hesitate to give one of our knowledgeable Specialists a call or start a chat! [PAR] Expert-crafted definitions for all things related to skiing [PAR] A [PAR] Alpine skiing: Downhill skiing where the toe and heel of the boot are fixed to the ski. [PAR] Après-ski: The nightlife following a"}, 'question': {'In freestyle skiing, what are the large bumps on the piste called?'}}

['moguls']

As a reading comprehension expert, you will receive context and question. Please understand the given Context first and then output the answer of the question based on the Context

{'context': {'[DOC] [TLE] Cat Fanciers The Manx: Cat Breed FAQDescription [PAR] The Manx is a stocky, solid cat with a dense double coat (long or short), a compact body, very short back, hind legs that are visibly longer than the front legs, big bones, a wide chest, and greater depth of flank (sides of the cat nearest the rear) than other cats. The standard weight for males is 10-12 lbs. and for females is 8-10 lbs. The Manx head is broad-jowled with round eyes, and the ear-set is distinct to the breed--when viewed from the back, the ears and the top of the head form a "cradle" or "rocker" shape. The ears themselves are broad at the base and taper to a narrower, rounded tip. This is the general appearance of all Manx cats, regardless of whether they are show-quality or not. [PAR] Although the completely tailless, or "rumpy," Manx is the desired show type, Manx may also have tails. A litter of kittens may include a rumpy, a "riser" (has a bit of cartilage at the base of the spine, under the skin, that may be felt when the cat is happy), a "stumpy" (any tail length not long, but visibly a tail), and a "longy," and all are Manxes. Only rumpy and riser Manx may be shown in American competition, and the riser\'s cartilage must not stop the judge\'s hand when the back is stroked. [PAR] Sansq Q - stumpy brown mackerel tabby kitten [PAR] Whatever the tail length, all the other physical characteristics will be present - roundness of head and body, cradle-set ears, broad chest, deep flank. In fact, the tailed Manx are necessary for the healthy continuation of the breed. The tailless gene, a dominant gene, is lethal when breeding rumpies to each other into or beyond the third generation. The breeder continues to use tailed cats in the breeding program to insure strong kittens and to reduce the possibility of genetic deformity. See the section on Special Medical Problems. [PAR] The most striking feature of the show-quality Manx is the complete lack of a tail. Indeed, the best Manx has a slight indentation at the base of the spine where the tail would begin--a "dimple." The breed standard against which a show-quality Manx is judged continuously uses the word "round" to describe the Manx--round body, round eyes, round rump, round head, even round paws. The impression that you get when looking at the Manx is of a hairy basketball with legs. Balance is important, as well, with all that roundness. The Manx needs proportion, or it will be a fat, furry lump. All parts of the body should "go together"--so that what you see isn\'t a "head" or a "body" but a complete cat. The short back should rise in a continuous curve to the rump, and the long back legs complete that rounded picture. The head shouldn\'t be too large for the body, nor the chest too broad for the hindquarters. [PAR] Manx cats come in every color and pattern, although the pointed, or Himalayan, pattern is not accepted in all associations. You will see classic and mackerel tabby Manx, tortoiseshell Manx, calico and solid-color and bi-color Manx; and the color possibilities cover the range of red, blue, cream, brown, black, and white. [PAR] Tortoiseshell kitten [PAR] Manx coats can be either longhair or shorthair. CFA has recently made the longhair and the shorthair Manx two divisions of the breed, eliminating the former name "Cymric" for the longhair, while other associations, such as TICA, have retained the Cymric name for their long-haired Manx. Longhairs still have a double coat, but the outer coat is of a semi-long length. It doesn\'t require the daily brushing of a Persian, but needs more care than'}, 'question': {'A manx cat has no what?'}}

['tail']

As a reading comprehension expert, you will receive context and question. Please understand the given Context first and then output the answer of the question based on the Context

{'context': {"[DOC] [TLE] Nightwatchman (cricket) - The Full WikiNightwatchman (cricket) - The Full Wiki [PAR] The Full Wiki [PAR] More info on Nightwatchman (cricket) [PAR] \xa0\xa0Wikis [PAR] \xa0\xa0 [PAR] \xa0\xa0 [PAR] Note: Many of our articles have direct quotes from sources you can cite, within the Wikipedia article! This article doesn't yet, but we're working on it! See more info or our list of citable articles . [PAR] Encyclopedia [PAR] From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia [PAR] In the sport of cricket , a nightwatchman is a lower-order batsman who comes in to bat higher up the order than usual near the end of the day's play. This nightwatchman's job is to maintain most of the strike until the close of play (remaining in overnight, hence the name) and so protect other, more capable batsmen from being out cheaply in what may be a period of tiredness or in poor light. The theory is that losing two top-order batsmen in quick succession would be worse than losing one top-order batsman and a tailender. [PAR] However the nightwatchman's effort is not considered to be wasted, nor is he expected to play foolishly; otherwise he would not last very long. The role of nightwatchman is generally given to players who emphasise defensive technique over quick run-scoring. However there have been occasions when nightwatchmen have made a big score, and six have made centuries in test matches . Generally speaking, the nightwatchman plays conservatively on the night, but the next day may be allowed a freer role to score runs. [PAR] Some claim the tactic can be rather ineffectual because, if the nightwatchman does survive until the end of the day, the opposing bowlers are given a less capable batsman to start on afresh the next day. Steve Waugh abandoned the tactic during his captaincy of Australia. However Australia's current captain, Ricky Ponting , reintroduced the tactic. [PAR] The nightwatchman is not to be confused with the pinch hitter , a lower- or middle-order batsman who is promoted up the order in limited-overs games in the hope of scoring quick runs without too much concern for his wicket. [PAR] Test centuries by nightwatchmen[DOC] [TLE] Nightwatchman (cricket) - iSnare Free EncyclopediaNightwatchman (cricket) - iSnare Free Encyclopedia [PAR] Nightwatchman (cricket) [PAR] This article needs additional citations for verification . Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources . Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. [PAR] (January 2009) [PAR] ( Learn how and when to remove this template message ) [PAR] In the sport of cricket , a nightwatchman is a lower-order batsman who comes in to bat higher up the order than usual near the end of the day's play. The nightwatchman's job is to maintain most of the strike until the close of play (remaining in overnight, hence the name) and so protect other, more capable batsmen from being out cheaply in what may be a period of tiredness or in poor light at the end of the day, and then again the following morning when the batsmen have not yet `got their eye in,' or when the early-morning conditions may favour the bowlers. The theory is that losing two top-order batsmen in quick succession would be worse than losing one top-order batsman and a tailender. [PAR] However the nightwatchman's effort is not considered to be wasted, nor is he expected to play foolishly; otherwise he would not last very long. The role of nightwatchman is generally given to players who emphasise defensive technique over quick run-scoring. However, there have been occasions when nightwatchmen have made a big score, and six have made centuries in test matches . Generally speaking, the nightwatchman plays conservatively on the night, but the next day may be allowed a freer role to score runs. [PAR] The tactic has its drawbacks; in particular, if the nightwatchman does survive until the end of the day, the beginning of the next day's play will see refreshed bowlers with better light facing a less capable batsman. As a result, not all captains utilise the tactic; Steve Waugh , for example, abandoned the tactic during his captaincy of Australia. [1] [PAR] The nightwatchman is"}, 'question': {"In cricket, what name is given to a lower-order batsman who comes in to bat higher up the order than usual near the end of the day's play, to maintain most of the strike until the close of play and so protect other, more capable batsmen from being out cheaply in what may be a period of tiredness or in poor light?"}}

['nightwatchman']

As a reading comprehension expert, you will receive context and question. Please understand the given Context first and then output the answer of the question based on the Context

{'context': {'[DOC] [TLE] 10 Most Catholic Countries Worldwide, Increase Seen In ...Most Catholic Countries Worldwide, Increase Seen In Global South | The Huffington Post [PAR] Most Catholic Countries Worldwide, Increase Seen In Global South [PAR] 02/25/2013 07:29 am ET [PAR] Jahnabi Barooah Assistant Editor, Religion [PAR] Click through the slideshow to see the top 10 countries with the largest number of Catholics: [PAR] 10 Countries with Largest Number of Catholics [PAR] 10 Countries with Largest Number of Catholics [PAR] 1 [PAR] 10 [PAR] Brazil [PAR] Estimated 2010 Catholic population: 126,750,000 Percentage of population that is Catholic, 2010: 65 Percentage of world Catholic population: 11.7 Pew Research Center, “The Global Catholic Population" Original photo here . [PAR] Share this slide: [PAR] Wikimedia Commons / Valter Campanato/ABr [PAR] A recent analytical report by Pew Research Center, " The Global Catholic Population ," indicates the countries with the highest Catholic population today, and how the global face of Catholicism has changed in the last century. [PAR] The study, which surveyed 232 countries and territories, finds that as of 2010 the Catholic Church had 1.1 billion adherents worldwide. The Catholic Church is the body of churches that are in full communion with the Bishop of Rome. This includes the Roman Catholic Church and 22 Eastern Catholic Churches. This study defines adherents as those who self-identify as Catholics. This includes those whose religious views might be deemed unorthodox, and those who seldom pray or attend church. [PAR] With close to 127 million Catholics, Brazil has more Catholics than any other country, and 11.7 percent of the world\'s Catholic population. Brazil is followed by Mexico (96 million), Philippines (76 million), United States (75 million), Italy (49 million), Colombia (38 million), France (38 million), Poland (35 million), Spain (35 million) and Democratic Republic of the Congo (31 million). Together, these 10 countries account for 55.6 percent of the Catholic population worldwide. For some perspective, Brazil alone has more Catholics than Italy, France and Poland, the top three European countries on the list, combined. [PAR] According to Pew\'s report , over the past century the number of Catholics around the world has tripled from an estimated 291 million in 1910 to around 1.1 billion in 2010. Still, the percentage of Catholics in world population has remained relatively stable; in 1910 Catholics comprised 17 percent of the world\'s population, and in 2010, Catholics comprised 16 percent of the world\'s population. [PAR] As the chart above shows, in 1910, 65 percent of the world\'s Catholics lived in Europe; European Catholics constituted a clear majority in world Catholic population. Over the last 100 years, there has been rapid growth in Catholic population in Sub-Saharan African and Asia-Pacific regions. The growth in North America and Latin America-Caribbean regions has been slower, while Europe\'s share has decreased sharply (from 65 percent to 24 percent) and there has been negligible change in Middle East and North Africa. As the Pew Research Center analysis notes, this change is partially affected by rates of overall population growth, which has for instance, decreased significantly in Europe, but increased in Latin America and the Caribbean. [PAR] Examining the Catholic share of the population in each geographic region in 1910 and 2010 affirms earlier conclusions. There is dramatic growth in Sub-Saharan Africa, and slow but steady growth in Asia-Pacific and North America. Interestingly, the percentage of Catholics in Latin America-Caribbean region decreases from 90 percent to 72 percent of the population, even as the region overtakes Europe as the most Catholic with approximately 426 million Catholics compared to Europe\'s 257 million. [PAR] For a more comprehensive take on how the world Catholic population has changed in the past century, check out Pew Research Center\'s report . [PAR] Charts republished from the Pew Research Center, “ The Global Catholic Population ,” © 2011, Pew Research Center. [PAR] Also on HuffPost:[DOC] [TLE] The Global Catholic Population | Pew Research CenterThe Global Catholic Population | Pew Research Center [PAR] February 13, 2013 [PAR] The Global Catholic Population [PAR] Over the past century, the number of Catholics around the globe has'}, 'question': {'What country has the most Catholics in the population?'}}

['brazil']

As a reading comprehension expert, you will receive context and question. Please understand the given Context first and then output the answer of the question based on the Context

{'context': {'[DOC] [TLE] Sebastian Vettel : World Champion 2013 Tribute - HD 1080P ...Sebastian Vettel : World Champion 2013 Tribute - HD 1080P - YouTube [PAR] Sebastian Vettel : World Champion 2013 Tribute - HD 1080P [PAR] Want to watch this again later? [PAR] Sign in to add this video to a playlist. [PAR] Need to report the video? [PAR] Sign in to report inappropriate content. [PAR] Rating is available when the video has been rented. [PAR] This feature is not available right now. Please try again later. [PAR] Published on Sep 11, 2013 [PAR] Formula 1 - Sebastian Vettel & Katy Perry - Roar [PAR] Sebastian Vettel [PAR] 3 July 1987 (age 26) [PAR] Heppenheim, Hesse, West Germany [PAR] 4 (2010, 2011, 2012, 2013) [PAR] Wins [PAR] 2007 United States Grand Prix [PAR] First win [PAR] 2013 position [PAR] 1st (397 pts) [PAR] Sebastian Vettel ([zeˈbastjan ˈfɛtəl]; born 3 July 1987[2]) is a German Formula One racing driver, currently driving for the Austrian racing team Red Bull Racing. He is the current World Champion, having won the championship in 2010, 2011, 2012, and 2013.[3] He is among the most dominant and successful F1 drivers of all time and is considered as one of the greatest in the sport.[4][5][6][7] [PAR] In his first year driving for Red Bull in 2009, Vettel finished the season as the youngest-ever World Drivers\' championship runner-up. The following year he went on to become the youngest driver ever to win the World Drivers\' Championship. In the same year he helped Red Bull win the team\'s first World Constructors\' Championship. He followed up his first championship with a second in 2011, becoming the youngest double world champion in the history of the sport, as well as a third in 2012 and a fourth in 2013 to become the sport\'s youngest triple and quadruple champion, respectively.[8] [PAR] Vettel holds numerous other "youngest" Formula One records, among them: the youngest driver to have taken part in an official practice session of a Grand Prix, to score championship points, to lead a race, to secure pole position,[9] and to win a race.[10] He is also currently third in the overall tally of pole positions behind fellow German Michael Schumacher and three-time world champion Ayrton Senna. [PAR] Record [PAR] Most championship points earned in a season[117] 397 2013 [PAR] Most podium finishes in a season 17 2011[N 1] [PAR] Most starts from front row in a season 18 2011 [PAR] Most wins in a season 13 2013[N 2] [PAR] Most pole positions in a season 15 2011 [PAR] Most laps led in a season 739 2011 [PAR] Most consecutive wins 9† 2013 Belgian Grand Prix - 2013 Brazilian Grand Prix [PAR] Most consecutive Grand Slams 2 2013 Singapore Grand Prix & 2013 Korean Grand Prix[N 3] [PAR] Most wins from pole position in a season 9 2011[N 4] [PAR] Youngest driver to drive at a Grand Prix meeting[118] 19 years, 53 days 2006 Turkish Grand Prix (25 August 2006) [PAR] Youngest driver to set fastest time in an official Grand Prix session[119] [PAR] Youngest driver to score points in Formula One[120] 19 years, 349 days 2007 United States Grand Prix (17 June 2007) [PAR] Youngest race leader in Formula One, for at least one lap[121] 20 years, 89 days 2007 Japanese Grand Prix (30 September 2007) [PAR] Youngest Grand Prix pole position winner[120] 21 years, 72 days 2008 Italian Grand Prix (13 September 2008) [PAR] Youngest driver to score a podium position in Formula One[122] 21 years, 73 days 2008 Italian Grand Prix (14 September 2008) [PAR] Youngest Grand Prix winner[120] [PAR] Youngest driver to score a double (pole position and race win) [PAR] Youngest driver to score a triple (pole position, race win, and fastest lap) 21 years, 353 days 2009 British Grand Prix (21 June 2009) [PAR] Youngest driver to score a grand slam (pole position, win, fastest lap, and led every lap) 24 years, 119 days 2011 Indian Grand Prix (30 October 2011) [PAR] Youngest Formula One World Drivers\' Champion[120] 23 years, 135 days 2010 season (14 November 2010) [PAR] Youngest World Drivers\' Championship'}, 'question': {'Who, in Formula One, between 2006 and 2010, was the youngest Formula One driver to: drive at a Grand Prix meeting, score points, lead a race, secure pole position, win a race and win the championship?'}}

['vettel' 'sebastian vettel']

As a reading comprehension expert, you will receive context and question. Please understand the given Context first and then output the answer of the question based on the Context

{'context': {'[DOC] [TLE] Types of Artillery - shell, gun, guns, howitzer and rangeTypes of Artillery - shell, gun, guns, howitzer and range [PAR] Types of Artillery [PAR] Loading [PAR] TYPES OF ARTILLERY The function of land artillery is to kill troops at a range beyond that of a hand weapon, and to destroy material, obstacles and defences. Various natures of artillery have been developed, suit able to the tasks to be fulfilled. The four main classes are : field artillery (of which mountain, infantry-accompanying and horse-artillery are lighter varieties) ; heavy artillery (which is subdivided according to power of foe and of movement) ; anti aircraft artillery; trench artillery or mortars. [PAR] Thus British artillery is classified, in detail, as follows :� _ Light (in India, Mountain) artillery (2.75-in. guns and 3.7-in. howitzers). [PAR] Horse artillery (13-pdr. guns). [PAR] Field artillery (18-pdr. guns and 4.5-in. howitzers) . [PAR] Medium artillery (6o-pdr. guns and 6-in. howitzers). [PAR] Heavy artillery (6-in. guns, 8-in. and 9.2-in. howitzers). Super-heavy artillery (guns of 9.2 in. and upwards, and howit zers of i 2in. and upwards). [PAR] Anti-aircraft artillery (3-in. guns). [PAR] Field Artillery. [PAR] This is capable of accompanying the ad vanced fighting line of an army. It consists of light guns and howitzers able to keep pace both on the road and across country with the arm it is supporting, and to come into action without previous preparation of the ground. The field gun is, in all armies a piece throwing a shell of from 15 to 18 lb. to a distance of at least Io,000yd., although effective ranges are generally less, and weighing less than 3ocwt. in action. Before the introduction of mechanical traction the weight was limited to 24cwt. and the range to 6,000yd. The present limit of approximately 3ocwt. is due principally to the fact that this weight is as much as a gun-detach ment of six men can man-handle. All modern field guns are quick firing; that is, the gun recoils on the carriage and returns to the firing position, while the carriage remains steady. This saves the delay due to running up and relaying the gun after each shot, and increases the rate of fire from two rounds a minute to 25. It also enables the gun-detachment to remain behind the gun-shield, in stead of having to stand clear of it during the recoil of the carriage. [PAR] The field howitzer differs from the field gun in that it throws its shell high into the air, so as to descend at an angle in excess of This enables it to reach targets, such as men in deep trenches, protected from the direct fire of guns. As this high-angle fire requires less effort than direct fire, the field howitzer is able to fire a shell double the weight of that of the field gun, without exceeding the same weight of equipment. Howitzer fire, from its nature, is local in effect, and at targets of considerable depth from front to rear, such as advancing infantry, it is inferior to the flat-trajectory fire of guns. In most armies one-fourth of the field artillery consists of howitzers, and three-fourths of guns. [PAR] Special natures of field artillery are :�(a) Horse artillery, which can keep pace with cavalry across country. For simplicity of ammunition supply, the gun may be the same as that of the ordinary field artillery, but in any case the weight behind the team is reduced by mounting the gunners on horses, instead of carrying them on the limbers and ammunition wagons (caissons in American usage). (b) Light or Mountain artillery, which is divided into separate loads which can be carried on pack animals or transported for short distances by hand. It is'}, 'question': {'"A ""Howitzer"" is a type of what?"'}}

['guns' 'gun']

As a reading comprehension expert, you will receive context and question. Please understand the given Context first and then output the answer of the question based on the Context

{'context': {'[DOC] [TLE] BBC - Future - The last man to walk on the MoonBBC - Future - The last man to walk on the Moon [PAR] Moon [PAR] The last man to walk on the Moon [PAR] In an exclusive interview, Apollo 17 commander Gene Cernan – the last man on the lunar surface – discusses what it is like to be part of history and why he became unhappy about the American space programme. [PAR] By Richard Hollingham [PAR] 6 August 2014 [PAR] Captain Gene Cernan was the third man to walk in space, one of only three people to go to the Moon twice and the last man to leave a footprint on the lunar surface. [PAR] The final words he spoke on the Moon in December 1972 represented everything the Apollo missions stood for. “We leave as we came and, God willing, as we shall return,” he said, “with peace and hope for all mankind.” [PAR] More than 40 years on, you might imagine Cernan has had enough of talking about the Moon. But it seems Apollo astronauts never retire and, at 80, he is still passionate about America’s past space glories and the future of human space exploration. [PAR] View image of (Nasa) (Credit: Nasa) [PAR] His latest venture is a documentary film about his life (watch the trailer here ), although Cernan insists it is not a movie about him but the story of how an ordinary working class child can grow up to do extraordinary things. Having seen an early cut, it is clear that this is no ego trip. [PAR] The movie is poignant, funny and reveals more about the men who went to the Moon than most other Apollo documentaries. It includes Cernan’s ex-wife who coined the telling phrase: “If you think going to the Moon is hard, you should try staying at home.” [PAR] In person, Capt Cernan is utterly charming and we chat for more than an hour over coffee about that final step, mortality, returning to the Moon and inspiring a new generation of space explorers. However, it becomes apparent that the “last man on the Moon” is not happy about the way the American space programme has played out. [PAR] For the film you visited the abandoned Saturn V launch pad at Cape Canaveral – where you launched to go the Moon. What were you thinking when you walked around the rusting structure? [PAR] It was very nostalgic, disappointing, somewhat heart-breaking. It was if someone took Columbus’ Santa Maria and said: “It’s history – you guys discovered America, let’s take it out and scuttle it. It’s over, you’re not going to go anywhere.” [PAR] We launched off that pad in a big Saturn V rocket that took us to the Moon. People had dreamed of leaving the cradle of civilisation – this Earth of ours – and we did it. Fortunately, I was one of the guys to go out there, to look back at the Earth and try to comprehend the meaning of it all. [PAR] View image of (Nasa) (Credit: Nasa) [PAR] To think of what we were capable of doing and now we’ve been told [in a tweet by Russia’s Deputy Prime Minister Dmitry Rogozin ] that if we want to go to our own space station, we’d better get a trampoline – that statement hurt. It hurt me personally. [PAR] Considering where we were half a century ago when Americans were walking on the Moon – people still come up to me today and say it’s incredible – we’ve obliterated that piece of history. I do not want to remember those launch pads that sent us to the Moon the way they are today. It’s not the way it’s supposed to be. [PAR] What would be the point of returning to the Moon? [PAR] All we’ve proved is we can work and survive up there. Now we’ve got to take advantage of the resources the Moon has to offer us here on this planet. It’s a stepping stone to go to Mars. Is there water? Was there water? Could life exist? Maybe we’re going to go simply because it’s there.'}, 'question': {'When did a man last walk on the moon?'}}

['1972']

As a reading comprehension expert, you will receive context and question. Please understand the given Context first and then output the answer of the question based on the Context

{'context': {'[DOC] [TLE] Who has won the most gold in Olympic history? - MinewebWho has won the most gold in Olympic history? - Mineweb [PAR] Who has won the most gold in Olympic history? [PAR] And how much is it worth? [PAR] Bullionvault \xa0/\xa0 5 August 2016&nbsp00:15 [PAR] In August, the sporting world is set to come alive with the start of the 2016 Olympic Games in Rio de Janeiro.\xa0\xa0The IOC has predicted\xa0 around 480,000 tourists \xa0will descend on Rio for the event in which\xa0206 countries will compete across 42 sports for the chance to win as many medals as possible.\xa0Predictions suggest the frontrunners for the most medal wins will be\xa0 the USA, closely followed by China .\xa0The USA is predicted to win 43 gold medals and China, 31. [PAR] It seems many already have in mind who the biggest winners will be, but which country has won the most medals overall throughout Olympics history?\xa0\xa0 Bullion Vault ,\xa0the world’s largest online investment gold service has compiled an \xa0infographic \xa0to show which countries have won the most Olympic medals and how much each collection would be worth if converted to a cash value. [PAR] From: BullionVault [PAR] The United States has claimed 16% of total Olympic medal wins; 977 gold, 758 silver and 668 bronze medals worth a staggering 544,848 Euros.\xa0The USA’s success comes down\xa0 to swimming and track , winning\xa0 520 swimming medals —342 more than its rival, Australia—and 767 athletics medals, nearly four times more than second place Great Britain. [PAR] Russia comes in at second place retaining almost 10% of total Olympic medals, winning the majority of medals in\xa0 2000 and 2004. Russia has won 528 gold, 446 silver and 440 bronze medals and these are worth 185,754 Euros. Russia is dominant in wrestling and the modern pentathlon and\xa0 has won both the team and duet titles \xa0for synchronized swimming at every Olympics since Sydney 2000. [PAR] Germany and the UK come in at positions 3 and 4 winning approximately 9% and 5% of total Olympic medal wins. Despite its lack of success in the 2012 London Olympic Games, Germany performs well in the equestrian events, producing\xa0 38 gold medallists over the course of Olympic history . The UK has become dominant in a handful of sports including track cycling, rowing and sailing and seen an increased medal wins, due in part to increased government and private sponsorship over the past decade. [PAR] The nations with the lowest number of wins are Azerbaijan and Georgia, both only winning 6 gold medals each, attributing to a combined financial value of a mere 4,049 Euros. However,\xa0Azerbaijan is well-known for its efforts in the Greco-Roman wrestling event and has won medals at every Games since 1996. [PAR] Commenting on the research displayed in its most recent\xa0 infographic \xa0from Bullion Vault said: [PAR] “There is always lot of buzz around particular countries for each Olympics, but it’s interesting to see who has won the most medals overall, especially as some of the countries in the top ten are not necessarily ones you would expect to be there. Converting the value of each medal collection into a cash value really heightens the level of success achieved by competing countries and we are excited to see if the results change after Rio 2016.” [PAR] Whether you’re cheering for China, shouting for Sweden or hailing for Hungary this year, Rio 2016 is set to be as exciting and unpredictable as the London Games in 2012. Will the predicted winners be correct? Or will there be unexpected triumphs? We only have a month to wait to find out…[DOC] [TLE] 2000 Sydney Summer Games | Olympics at Sports-Reference.com2000 Sydney Summer Games | Olympics at Sports-Reference.com [PAR] 2000 Sydney Summer Games [PAR] Host City: Sydney, Australia (September 13, 2000 to October 1, 2000) [PAR] Opening Ceremony: September 15, 2000 (opened by Governor-General William Deane) [PAR] Lighter of the Olympic Flame: Cathy Freeman [PAR] Taker of the Olympic Oath: Rechelle Hawkes (athlete) [PAR] Closing Ceremony: October 1, 2000 [PAR] Events: 300 in 34 sports [PAR] Participants: 10,648 (6,579 men and'}, 'question': {'The USA won the most medals at the Sydney Olympic Games in 2000. Out of these countries, which one won the most?'}}

['australia' 'australian']

As a reading comprehension expert, you will receive context and question. Please understand the given Context first and then output the answer of the question based on the Context

{'context': {'[DOC] [TLE] (Samuel Taylor Coleridge) Epizeuxis \\\\\\\\Ep`i*zeux&amp;amp ...(Samuel Taylor Coleridge) Epizeuxis \\\\Ep`i*zeux&amp;amp;quot;is\\\\, - ENGL - 120 [PAR] View Full Document [PAR] This is the end of the preview. Sign up to access the rest of the document. [PAR] Unformatted text preview: (Samuel Taylor Coleridge) Epizeuxis \\\\Ep`i*zeux&quot;is\\\\, n. [L., fr. Gr. ? a fastening together, repetition, fr. ? to fasten to or upon; \'epi` upon + ? to join, yoke.] (Rhet.) A figure by which a word is repeated with vehemence or emphasis, as in the following lines: Alone, alone, all all alone, Alone on a wide wide sea. --Coleridge. heroic couplet A stanza composed of two rhymed lines in iambic pentameter. idyll, or idyl Either a short poem depicting a peaceful, idealized country scene, or a long poem that tells a story about heroic deeds or extraordinary events set in the distant past. Idylls of the King, by Alfred Lord Tennyson, is about King Arthur and the Knights of the Round Table. lay A long narrative poem, especially one that was sung by medieval minstrels called trouvres. The Lais of Marie de France are lays. litotes A figure of speech in which a positive is stated by negating its opposite. Some examples of litotes: no small victory, not a bad idea, not unhappy. Litotes is the opposite of hyperbole. UNDERSTATEMENTS lyric a poem, such as a sonnet or an ode, that expresses the thoughts and feelings of the poet. A lyric poem may resemble a song in form or style. meter The arrangement of a line of poetry by the number of syllables and the rhythm of accented (or stressed) syllables. ode A lyric poem that is serious and thoughtful in tone and has a very precise, formal structure. John Keats\'s Ode on a Grecian Urn is a famous example of this type of poem. pastoral A poem that depicts rural life in a peaceful, idealized way. refrain A line or group of lines that is repeated throughout a poem, usually after every stanza. trope A figure of speech, such as metaphor or metonymy, in which words are not used in their literal (or actual) sense but in a figurative (or imaginative) sense....[DOC] [TLE] Poetry Month | Glossary of Poetry TermsPoetry Month | Glossary of Poetry Terms [PAR] Glossary of Poetry Terms [PAR] Iamb, enjambment, senryu, and more [PAR] by Ann-Marie Imbornoni [PAR] Apostrophe [PAR] Words that are spoken to a person who is absent or imaginary, or to an object or abstract idea. The poem God\'s World by Edna St. Vincent Millay begins with an apostrophe: [PAR] "O World, I cannot hold thee close enough!/Thy winds, thy wide grey skies!/Thy mists that roll and rise!" [PAR] Ballade [PAR] A type of poem, usually with three stanzas of seven, eight, or ten lines and a shorter final stanza (or envoy) of four or five lines. All stanzas end with the same one-line refrain. " Ballade of my Lady\'s Beauty ," by Joyce Kilmer, is one example of a ballade. [PAR] Caesura [PAR] A natural pause or break in a line of poetry, usually near the middle of the line. There is a caesura right after the question mark in the first line of this sonnet by Elizabeth Barrett Browning : " How do I love thee? Let me count the ways. " [PAR] Carpe diem [PAR] A Latin expression that means "seize the day." Carpe diem poems urge the reader (or the person to whom they are addressed) to live for today and enjoy the pleasures of the moment. A famous carpe diem poem by Robert Herrick begins " Gather ye rosebuds while ye may . . . " [PAR] Classicism [PAR] The principles and ideals of beauty that are characteristic of Greek and Roman art, architecture, and literature. Examples of classicism in poetry can be found in the works of John Dryden and Alexander Pope , which are characterized by their formality, simplicity, and emotional restraint. [PAR] Conceit [PAR] A fanciful poetic image or metaphor that likens one thing to something'}, 'question': {'What name was given to a narrative poem typically sung by trouvres (medieval minstrels)?'}}

['lay']

As a reading comprehension expert, you will receive context and question. Please understand the given Context first and then output the answer of the question based on the Context

{'context': {'[DOC] [TLE] History of the English Bible - Way of Life LiteratureHistory of the English Bible - The [PAR] History of the English Bible - The King James Bible [PAR] David Cloud, Fundamental Baptist Information Service, P.O. Box 610368, Port Huron, MI 48061, 866-295-4143, fbns@wayoflife.org [PAR] The King James Bible is the most famous and influential of the English Reformation Bibles. It is called the King James Bible because its production was authorized by King James I, who ruled England from 1603 to 1625. In Britain it is more commonly called The Authorized Version. [PAR] THE PROPOSAL AND AUTHORIZATION [PAR] Soon after King James assumed the throne of England in 1603, he was approached by a group of Puritans led by John Reynolds, president of Corpus Christi College, Oxford, and presented with the Millennium Petition. This called for spiritual reform in the Church of England along Presbyterian lines, and it got its name from the fact that it was signed by an estimated 1,000 ministers. [PAR] A conference was held at Hampton Court Palace in 1604 to discuss the petition. Reynolds suggested that a new translation of the English Bible be produced. It is thought that this historic meeting was held in the Cartoon Gallary, which is so called because of the impressive paintings that hang on the walls depicting biblical scenes. The Gallary was first built to display Raphael’s Acts of the Apostles. Queen Victoria gave the originals to the Victoria and Albert Museum, and the paintings in the Cartoon Gallery today are copies that were made by Henry Cooke in 1697. [PAR] The king approved the proposition for the new Bible, and within six months a list of 54 scholars was drawn up for the work. Deaths and withdrawals reduced the list, and it appears that roughly 50 men were actually involved in the translation. [PAR] Work began in 1607. [PAR] THE SPIRITUAL CLIMATE FOR THE TRANSLATION [PAR] The King James Bible came out of a period of intense persecution and spiritual revival. [PAR] The Wycliffe Bible was persecuted and was a product of spiritual revival; it was the Bible of the Lollards. Laws were passed against it and its translator’s bones were dug up and burned. [PAR] The Tyndale Bible was persecuted; thousands of copies were burned and otherwise destroyed by ecclesiastical authorities; laws were passed against it; and its translator was burned at the stake. [PAR] The translator of the Matthew’s Bible, John Rogers, was put to death for his faith. [PAR] The Bishops Bible was translated by men who were persecuted for their faith. [PAR] The Geneva Bible was also a product of persecution and spiritual revival, having been produced by men who were in exile for their faith. [PAR] These Bibles produced a great spiritual awakening in England and beyond. [PAR] THE LITERARY CLIMATE FOR THE TRANSLATION [PAR] By the early 17th century, the English Bible had been developing for more than two centuries. [PAR] The wording of the King James Bible represents the labors of centuries of brilliant, believing, sacrificial, godly scholarship. Dozens of some of the best biblical linguists who have ever lived applied their minds and their prayers to translating into English PRECISELY what the Hebrew and Greek text mean. [PAR] The foundation for the English Bible was the Wycliffe Bible of 1384. Though it was translated from Latin rather than Hebrew and Greek and thus contained some textual errors, it was a masterpiece of translation work. Wycliffe and his editor John Purvey had a gift of molding the English language to fit the Bible. As we have seen, large numbers of words and phrases passed from the Wycliffe into the Tyndale and from there into the King James Bible. [PAR] The next important step in the progress of the English Bible was the publication of Tyndale’s masterpiece, based directly upon the Hebrew and the Greek. [PAR] The Tyndale Bible was by John Rogers completed after Tyndale’s death and appeared in the Matthew’s Bible. This went through various revisions, particularly the Great, the Bishops, and the Geneva, preparing the way for the King James Bible. [PAR] “Thus it came to pass, that the English Bible received its present form, after a fivefold revision of the translation as it was left in 1537 by Tyndale and Rogers. During this interval of seventy-'}, 'question': {'"The ""Authorised"" English translation of the Bible was named after whom?"'}}

['king james i' 'james i']

As a reading comprehension expert, you will receive context and question. Please understand the given Context first and then output the answer of the question based on the Context

{'context': {'[DOC] [TLE] The A-Team (TV Series 1983-1987) - The Movie DatabaseThe A-Team (TV Series 1983-1987) — The Movie Database (TMDb) [PAR] 6.7 [PAR] Overview [PAR] The A-Team is an American action-adventure television series, running from 1983 to 1987, about a fictional group of ex United States Army Special Forces personnel who work as soldiers of fortune, while on the run from the Army after being branded as war criminals for a "crime they didn\'t commit". A feature film based on the series was released by 20th Century Fox on June 11, 2010. A comic book series, A-Team: Shotgun Wedding, began March 9, 2010. [PAR] Find out where to watch this on [PAR] Featured Crew[DOC] [TLE] The A-Team - TV Shows - TubidyThe A-Team - TV Shows - Tubidy [PAR] 1983 [PAR] Summary [PAR] The A-Team is about a group of ex-United States Army Special Forces personnel who work as soldiers of fortune, while on the run from the Army after being branded as war criminals for a crime they didn\'t commit.[DOC] [TLE] Stephen J Cannell obituary | Television & radio | The GuardianStephen J Cannell obituary | Television & radio | The Guardian [PAR] Stephen J Cannell obituary [PAR] Prolific TV writer and producer behind the hit show The A-Team [PAR] The A-Team was one of Cannell\'s biggest hits, gaining a huge worldwide audience. Photograph: Roger Ressmeyer/Corbis [PAR] Tuesday 19 October 2010 13.17\xa0EDT [PAR] First published on Tuesday 19 October 2010 13.17\xa0EDT [PAR] Share on Messenger [PAR] Close [PAR] Television is an insatiable beast that requires sustenance 24 hours a day. The prolific TV writer and producer Stephen J Cannell, who has died aged 69 from complications associated with melanoma, was just the man to help feed it. Looking back at the beginning of his career, he declared: "I thought, television, my God! There\'s a thousand episodes of this written each year. I ought to be able to get in there, and if I grin – I was a good salesman – I ought to be able to pick off one or two assignments. It was the only way I figured I could afford a family." [PAR] Most of his work was unapologetically formulaic, but Cannell managed to find enough variations to keep series such as The Rockford Files (1974-79) and The A-Team (1983-87) going for some years and please a vast public. [PAR] Born in Los Angeles, Cannell went through years of education with undiagnosed dyslexia. Despite poor marks in English, he announced at an early age that he was going to be a writer, and graduated from the University of Oregon with a degree in journalism. While working in one of his parent\'s furniture stores in Pasadena, California, he began to write television scripts and come up with story ideas. [PAR] In 1970, two scripts of his were accepted by NBC for the series Ironside, starring Raymond Burr as the wheel-chair-using detective. From then on, there seemed hardly an action series that did not have Cannell\'s name on it, either as writer or producer, or both. He first established himself by writing 15 episodes of the police series Adam-12 (1971-73) which, based on real case histories, followed two likable cops going about their work, without arbitrary drama. This put Cannell into a position to become a producer of his own work. [PAR] The first series for his own company was Toma (1973-74), about a real-life narcotics detective, Dave Toma (Tony Musante), who had made a name for himself by using unorthodox techniques to get the goods on criminals. The series re-emerged as Baretta (1975-78), revolving around the maverick detective (Robert Blake) of the title. Less conventional was The Rockford Files, whose hero was a down-at-heel ex-con private eye, James Scott Rockford (played by James Garner), who lives in a trailer, tries to avoid trouble and rarely carries a gun. [PAR] In contrast were the macho'}, 'question': {'"Which group in a TV series were on the run for ""a crime they didn\'t commit""?"'}}

['team']

As a reading comprehension expert, you will receive context and question. Please understand the given Context first and then output the answer of the question based on the Context

{'context': {"[DOC] [TLE] What is Bombay Duck ? (with picture) - wiseGEEKWhat is Bombay Duck? (with picture) [PAR] What is Bombay Duck? [PAR] Last Modified Date: 25 December 2016 [PAR] Copyright Protected: [PAR] Top 10 amazing movie makeup transformations [PAR] While Bombay duck may sound like a type of fowl dish, it is actually a type of lizardfish . The small fish is a favorite food in Asia, India, and other parts of the world. It can be used as a relish, a main dish, or a crispy snack. [PAR] Scientifically named the Harpodon nehereus, Bombay duck is also known as bummalo. The fish is most abundant in the Ganges Delta, the Arabian Sea, and Southern Asia. A small, narrow fish nearly transparent in color, it measures six to eight inches (15 to 20 centimeters) in length. The slimy sea creature is caught between the months of November and December, while it is processed from December and March. [PAR] There are many different ways to cook Bombay duck. Prior to preparing the dish, the fish is usually washed, boned, and dried in the sunlight. To dry the fish, the traditional method includes placing it on bamboo poles submerged within the sand, kept in place by horizontal thick ropes. This type of drying method can be witnessed in many food markets. [PAR] Ad [PAR] Some chefs prepare bummalo fish by grinding its body, as well as occasionally its soft, chewable bones, into a pulp before cooking it. Others prefer to batter the fish and deep-fry it. In India and the United Kingdom, Bombay duck is filleted without its tail, skeleton, fins, and head. After the meat is sectioned into rectangles, they are soaked in a brine solution, dried for two days, pressed, further dried, then bundled, and packaged for sale. [PAR] In Indian cuisine, bummalo is considered a delicacy, and is usually used as a salted relish, often paired with curry. When cooked until crunchy and crisp, it may be eaten as a snack food. It can also be made into a pickle. In China, the fish is commonly fried with flour, salt, and pepper. Once cooked, the aroma of the dish is very strong, and usually suppressed by an airtight container. [PAR] The origins of the name of the dish are officially unknown, though stories vary by region. Some say that it is after the Hindi word for mail, dak, due to the dish's pungent odor reminiscent of the wooden railroad cars of the Bombay mail train. Others claim that the term bummalo fish sounded rude when offered as a meal, so the Victorians took to calling the food a similar name to Digby chick, or dried herring. Other names for the food in various global regions include bamaloh, loita, bombil, and bumla. [PAR] A common bombay duck recipe calls for the desired amount of fish to be chopped into small pieces and fried in oil. The pieces are then drained and combined with a stir-fry of pre-fried golden onions, garlic cloves, and dried chilies. After a few minutes of stir-frying, lemon juice and salt can be added to taste prior to serving. [PAR] Ad[DOC] [TLE] Bombay duckThe Bombay duck or bummalo, Harpadon nehereus, (Bengali: bamaloh or loytta, Marathi: bombil, Sinhala: bombeli, Urdu: بمبل مچھلی) is, despite its name, not a duck but a lizardfish. Adults may reach a maximum length of 40\xa0cm, but the usual size is around 25\xa0cm. [PAR] Distribution and fisheries [PAR] The Bombay duck lives in the tropical areas of the Indo-Pacific. It has been traditionally caught in the waters off Maharashtra in the Lakshadweep Sea, where it is an important item of the yearly catch. This fish is also caught in the Bay of Bengal and in the South China Sea, although in smaller numbers. [PAR] The fish is often dried and salted before it is consumed, as its meat does not have a distinctive taste of its own. After drying, the odour of the fish is extremely powerful, and it is usually transported in air-tight"}, 'question': {'The Bombay duck or bummalo is what type of creature?'}}

['lizardfish']

As a reading comprehension expert, you will receive context and question. Please understand the given Context first and then output the answer of the question based on the Context

{'context': {"[DOC] [TLE] List of First Ladies of the United StatesThe First Lady of the United States is the hostess of the White House. The position is traditionally filled by the wife of the President of the United States, but, on occasion, the title has been applied to women who were not presidents’ wives, such as when the president was a bachelor or widower, or when the wife of the president was unable to fulfill the duties of the First Lady herself. The First Lady is not an elected position; it carries no official duties and receives no salary. Nonetheless, she attends many official ceremonies and functions of state either along with or in place of the president. Traditionally, the First Lady does not hold outside employment while occupying the office. She has her own staff, including the White House Social Secretary, the Chief of Staff, the Press Secretary, the Chief Floral Designer, and the Executive Chef. The Office of the First Lady is also in charge of all social and ceremonial events of the White House, and is a branch of the Executive Office of the President. [PAR] According to the White House and the National First Ladies' Library, there have been 45 First Ladies and 46 First Ladyships. This discrepancy exists because Grover Cleveland served two non-consecutive terms and is counted chronologically as both the 22nd and the 24th president; his wife Frances Folsom Cleveland is also counted twice. Following Barack Obama's first inauguration on January 20, 2009, his wife, Michelle Obama, became the 46th official First Lady, succeeding Laura Bush, wife of former President George W. Bush. [PAR] There are four living former First Ladies: Rosalynn Carter, wife of Jimmy Carter; Barbara Bush, wife of George H. W. Bush; Hillary Clinton, wife of Bill Clinton; and Laura Bush, wife of George W. Bush. The first First Lady was Martha Washington, married to George Washington. Presidents John Tyler and Woodrow Wilson had two official First Ladies; both remarried during their presidential tenures. The wives of four Presidents died before their husbands were sworn into office but are still considered First Ladies by the White House and National First Ladies' Library: Martha Jefferson, wife of Thomas Jefferson; Rachel Jackson, wife of Andrew Jackson; Hannah Van Buren, wife of Martin Van Buren; and Ellen Lewis Herndon Arthur, wife of Chester A. Arthur. One woman who was not married to a President but who is still considered an official First Lady: Harriet Lane, niece of bachelor James Buchanan. The other non-spousal relatives who served as White House hostesses are not recognized by the First Ladies' Library. [PAR] In 2007, the United States Mint began releasing a set of half-ounce $10 gold coins under the First Spouse Program with engravings of portraits of the First Ladies on the obverse. When a President served without a spouse, a gold coin is issued that bears an obverse image emblematic of Liberty as depicted on a circulating coin of that era and a reverse image emblematic of themes of that President's life. This is true for the coins for Thomas Jefferson, Andrew Jackson, Martin Van Buren and James Buchanan's First Ladies, but not the coin for Chester A. Arthur's First Lady, which will instead depict suffragette Alice Paul. [PAR] List of First Ladies [PAR] This list included all persons who served as First Ladies, regardless of whether they were married to the incumbent President or not, as well as persons who are officially considered First Ladies by the First Ladies' Library but who died before being able to serve in that role. First Ladies who were not married to the incumbent appear in light gray boxes, while official First Ladies who did not serve in that role appear in dark gray boxes. The numbering follows the First Ladies' Library listing, which includes presidents' wives who predeceased their husband's entering office. First Ladies not recognized by First Ladies' Library listing are marked with a , and First Ladies officially recognized by the First Ladies' Library listing who never served in that capacity are marked with a . [PAR] Living former First Ladies [PAR] There are four living former American First Ladies: [PAR] File:Rose_Carter,_official_color_photo,_1977-cropped.jpg|Rosalynn Carter served 1977"}, 'question': {'What was the first name of the first First Lady of the USA?'}}

['martha']

As a reading comprehension expert, you will receive context and question. Please understand the given Context first and then output the answer of the question based on the Context

{'context': {"[DOC] [TLE] Korea divided at 38th Parallel after WWII - The Korean WarKorea divided at 38th Parallel after WWII - The Korean War [PAR] The Korean War [PAR] Korea divided at 38th parallel after WWII [PAR] August 15th-16th 1945 [PAR] On August 15th, 1945, Emperor Hirohito broadcasted the surrender of Japan throughout his empire and to the Allies. Subsequent to the surrender of Japan, Korea was divided along the latitude 38° N. This line became known as the 38th parallel. Korea was divided into North and South Korea. North Korea (The Democratic People’s Republic of Korea or DPRK) became a communist country under the command of Kim Il-sung. South Korea (The Republic of Korea or ROK) was occupied by American forces. The 38th parallel is about 151 miles wide and is part of the DMZ separating North and South Korea. The demilitarized zone along the 38th parallel is currently the most fortified border in the world.\xa0 [PAR] On August 15th of 1945, this boundary was first officially suggested by Harry S. Truman, the United States’ president at the time. Josef V. Stalin, the Russian Marshall did not acquiesce to the boundary line until August 16th, 1945. However, as Japan did not sign the Instrument of Surrender until the 2nd of September, the date of the official division is debated among historians.\xa0 [PAR] The division of Korea caused greater tension between the communist-influenced North Korea and the democratic South Korea.\xa0 [PAR] Create a free website[DOC] [TLE] What Country Was Divided at the 38th Parallel in 1945 ...What Country Was Divided at the 38th Parallel in 1945? | The Classroom | Synonym [PAR] What Country Was Divided at the 38th Parallel in 1945? [PAR] by Angela Ryczkowski [PAR] The Korean War was the first conflict sanctioned by the United Nations. [PAR] Related Articles [PAR] Japanese Imperialism During the 1930s [PAR] Following World War II, countries that had been occupied by the losing Axis powers were restored or occupied by the Allied powers. The Soviet Union, following the war, strategically pushed for control of much of the territory that Japan and Germany had occupied, hoping to expand communist power. One of the countries that the Allied powers divided, destined to host the first conflict of the Cold War, was Korea. [PAR] A Territory Divided [PAR] Korea was part of the Japanese Empire for most of the first half of the 20th century, until it was liberated at the end of World War II. Following the war's conclusion, the United States and the Soviet Union jointly occupied Korea, planning to temporarily divide the country along the 38th parallel before reunifying the country after elections for a new government could take place. Both of these former allies sought to create a unified Korea that would support their interests. Thus a unified Korea failed to materialize, solidifying the border between North and South Korea. The United States and the Soviet Union both exited Korea. When the North Koreans, with Soviet support, invaded South Korea in 1950, the United States and their allies, under the banner of the United Nations, launched a counterattack and sent the North Koreans back across the parallel. [PAR] References[DOC] [TLE] Korea Divided at the 38th Parallel after WWII - The Korean WarKorea Divided at the 38th Parallel after WWII - The Korean War [PAR] The Korean War [PAR] Korea Divided at the 38th Parallel after WWII [PAR] August 15th, 1945 [PAR] \xa0 \xa0There’s been a clear division between North and South Korea ever since the surrendering of Japan August 15, 1945. It was the Allied victory that had ended Japan’s occupation of thirty-five in Korea. February, 1945 Stalin and President Franklin D. Roosevelt agreed for a trusteeship for Korea. The Soviets decided to move into Korea from the north which made the US fearful of the spread of communism and the US did not want the Soviet Union to take over all of the Korean peninsula. Since the Soviets occupied the northern part of the country the US wanted to create a US occupation zone, so the US government officials drew an evenly divided line between north and south while still leaving Seoul under US control. August, 1945 the evenly divided line became official. The Soviet Union and the US agreed to divide Korea at this drawn line, more commonly known"}, 'question': {'What country was divided at the 38th parallel in 1945?'}}

['korea']