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characterizing the amplitude and wavelength dependence of variations in the intrinsic polarization of classical be stars can help inform how these circumstellar disks change over time. since the observed polarization is a superposition of a component arising from the interstellar medium (isp) and a component intrinsic ... | characterizing changes in the be star population of ngc 663 |
interstellar polarization was first discovered over 70 years ago, yet the underlying physical mechanisms that cause the observed polarization were not well understood for decades. recent developments in a quantitative description of radiative alignment torque (rat) theory affirms it as the most promising mechanism to e... | radiative alignment torque modeling |
monitoring of the lens system jvas b0218+357 with the fermi gamma-ray space telescope measured a different time delay to that derived from radio observations. we have re-analysed three months of archival very large array data to produce variability curves with an average sampling of one epoch per day in total flux, pol... | polarization monitoring of the lens system jvas b0218+357 |
pilot is a balloon-borne astronomy experiment designed to study the polarization of dust emission in the diffuse interstellar medium in our galaxy at wavelengths 240 and 550 µm with an angular resolution of about two arc-min. pilot optics is composed of an off-axis gregorian telescope and a refractive re-imager system.... | the pilot optical alignment for its first flight |
the polarized instrument for long-wavelength observation of the tenuous interstellar medium (pilot) is a balloon-borne experiment that aims to measure the polarized emission of thermal dust at a wavelength of 240µm (1.2 thz). the pilot experiment flew from timmins, ontario, canada in 2015 and 2019 and from alice spring... | performance of the polarization leakage correction in the pilot data |
pulsars, especially millisecond pulsars are good tools to research the properties of the interstellar medium. in this talk i will show how millisecond pulsars, as accurate clocks, to study the dispersion measure variations, and as high linear polarization radio sources, to study the rotation measure variations. these s... | researching interstellar medium using millisecond pulsars |
we constructed a statistically representative survey sample that probes a wide range of interstellar environment parameters including reddening e(b-v), visual extinction av, total-to-selective extinction ratio rv, and molecular hydrogen fraction fh2. edibles provides the community with optical (~305-1042nm) spectra at ... | vizier online data catalog: the eso dibs large exploration survey (cox+, 2017) |
pulsars are rotating neutron stars which emit lighthouse-like beams. owing to their unique properties, pulsars are a unique astrophysical tool to test general relativity, inform on matter at extreme densities, and probe galactic magnetic fields. understanding pulsars physics and emission mechanisms is critical to these... | do pulsars rotate clockwise or counterclockwise? |
the fir distribution at high galactic latitudes, observed with planck, is filamentary with coherent structures in polarization. these structures are also closely related to hi filaments with coherent velocity structures. there is a long-standing debate about the physical nature of these structures. they are considered ... | caustics and velocity caustics in the diffuse interstellar medium at high galactic latitudes |
classical be stars are the only main sequence stars that possess keplerian decretion circumstellar disks ruled by viscous processes. the physical properties of the disk can be studied by modeling its physical structure and solving the radiative transfer problem. at this point, the calculation of synthetic observables a... | beatlas: a grid of synthetic spectra for be stars |
polarization from dust thermal emission at far-infrared wavelengths is a useful probe of magnetic fields in dense star-forming environments, as interstellar dust grains are expected to align with these fields through radiative alignment torques (rats). such polarimetric observations have found that magnetic fields cont... | dust alignment and magnetic fields in the 30 doradus star-forming region |
stellar-mass black holes in low-mass x-ray binaries are natural laboratories for studying the interaction of matter and radiation under extreme physical conditions. these systems spend most of their lifecycle residing in the inactive (quiescent) state, sometimes suddenly bursting out, increasing their brightness by sev... | high precision optical polarimetry of black hole x-ray binaries |
dust induced polarization, from the uv to mm-waves, is an efficient way to probe the magnetic fields in the interstellar medium (ism), but relies on a quantitative understanding of the underlying grain alignment, along the line of sight. with the development of the paradigm of radiative alignment torque (rat) theory, m... | understanding interstellar polarimetry - grain alignment and physical scales |
interstellar communication transmitters, intended to be discovered and decoded to information bits, are expected to transmit signals that contain message symbols quantized in at least one of the degrees of freedom of the transmitted signal. a hypothesis is proposed that signal quantization, in the form of multiplicativ... | symbol quantization in interstellar communications: methods and observations |
we present an analysis of potential follow-up polarimetric microlensing observations to study the stellar atmospheres of distant stars. first, we produce synthetic microlensing events using the galactic model, stellar population and interstellar dust toward the galactic bulge. we simulate the polarization microlensing ... | measuring stellar atmosphere parameters using follow-up polarimetric microlensing observations |
the nature of the dust in the dispersed interstellar medium is determined by various observational limitations, which we summarize with special attention paid to published reddening curves. we highlight the potential of future mid-infrared spectra as well as of polarization observations to determine the stoichiometry o... | dust in the diffuse ism |
the linear polarization of thermal dust emission provides a powerful tool to probe interstellar and circumstellar magnetic fields, because aspherical grains tend to align themselves with magnetic fields lines. however, while the radiative alignment torque (rat) theory provides a quantitative framework for the understan... | the origin of dust polarization in the orion bar |
the semi-regular variable star v canum venaticorum (v cvn) is well known for its unusual linear polarization position angle (pa). decades of observing v cvn reveal a nearly constant pa spanning hundreds of pulsation cycles. this phenomenon has persisted through variability that has varied by two magnitudes in optical b... | a multiyear photopolarimetric study of the semi-regular variable v cvn and identification of analog sources |
context. over its 13 yr of operation (1990-2002), the faint object camera (foc) on board the hubble space telescope (hst) observed 26 individual active galactic nuclei (agns) in ultraviolet (uv) imaging polarimetry. however, not all of the observations have been reduced and analyzed or set within a standardized framewo... | forgotten treasures in the hst/foc uv imaging polarimetric archives of active galactic nuclei. i. pipeline and benchmarking against ngc 1068 and exploring ic 5063 |
we observed selected regions of the l1495/b213 cloud with the iram 30m telescope during one session in february-march 2013 and another one the following june. in both sessions we used the emir heterodyne receiver in frequency-switching mode together with the vespa autocorrelator. the observations consisted of simultane... | vizier online data catalog: dense cores in l1495/b213 complex (tafalla+, 2015) |
spectropolarimetry is a powerful tool for diagnostic of interstellar matter and gives information about the geometry of the ejected material after the novae outbursts. in this paper are presented spectropolarimetric observations of the recurrent nova t crb at quiescence obtained with forero2 attached to the cassegrain ... | interstellar polarization and extinction toward the recurrent nova t crb |
magnetic fields appear to be ubiquitous in the astrophysical environments of our universe, but are still poorly understood despite playing an important role in understanding different-scale celestial objects (e.g., earth, planets, stars, normal galaxies, active galactic nuclei, clusters etc.). we briefly review the res... | magnetic field and faraday rotation from large-scale interstellar medium to plasma near the black-hole horizon |
we present faraday rotation measure (rm) values derived at l and p bands as well as some 60 stokes-parameter profiles, both determined from our long-standing arecibo dual-frequency pulsar polarimetry programmes. many of the rm measurements were carried out towards the inner galaxy and the anticentre on pulsars with no ... | polarization measurements of arecibo-sky pulsars: faraday rotations and emission-beam analyses |
aims: dh cephei is a well-known massive o+o-type binary system on the northern sky, situated at the center of young open cluster ngc 7380. our high-precision multi-band polarimetry clearly reveals that variations of linear polarization in this system are synchronous with the phase of the orbital period. we used the obs... | high-precision broadband linear polarimetry of early-type binaries. iv. the dh cephei binary system in the open cluster of ngc 7380 |
we present 0.″4 resolution imaging polarimetry at 8.7, 10.3, and 12.5 μm, obtained with canaricam at the gran telescopio canarias, of the central 0.11 pc × 0.28 pc (4.″2 × 10.″8) region of w51 irs2. the polarization, as high as ~14%, arises from silicate particles aligned by the interstellar magnetic field (b-field). w... | gtc/canaricam mid-infrared polarimetry of magnetic fields in star-forming region w51 irs2 |
we present a 3d map of magnetic field orientation on the surface of the local bubble, a low-density cavity in the nearby interstellar medium created by supernovae. this map is the first of its kind to fully chart magnetic fields over an observed superbubble. recent work mapping the 3d shape and dynamics of the local bu... | a 3d map of the local bubble's magnetic field |
molecules and particles make up ~40%-70% of carbon in the interstellar medium, yet the exact chemical structure of these constituents remains unknown. we present carbon k-shell absorption spectroscopy of the galactic interstellar medium obtained with the low energy transmission grating spectrometer on board the chandra... | x-ray spectroscopy of interstellar carbon: evidence for scattering by carbon-bearing material in the spectrum of 1es 1553+113 |
we present a study of synthetic observations of polarized dust emission at 353 ghz as seen by an observer within a cavity in the interstellar medium (ism). the cavity is selected from a magnetohydrodynamic simulation of the local ism with time-dependent chemistry, star formation, and stellar feedback in form of superno... | modelling local bubble analogs: synthetic dust polarization maps |
we present the first deep polarimetric study of galactic synchrotron emission at low radio frequencies. our study is based on 21 observations of the european large area infrared space observatory survey-north 1 (elais-n1) field using the low-frequency array (lofar) at frequencies from 114.9 to 177.4 mhz. these data are... | lofar deep fields: probing faint galactic polarised emission in elais-n1 |
the linear polarization of thermal dust emission provides a powerful tool to probe interstellar and circumstellar magnetic fields, because aspherical grains tend to align themselves with magnetic field lines. while the radiative alignment torque (rat) mechanism provides a theoretical framework for this phenomenon, some... | the origin of dust polarization in the orion bar |
the dominion radio astrophysical observatory's john a. galt 26 m radio telescope serves multiple roles for the canadian radio astronomy community. it is currently earmarked to serve as an interferometric reference for the canadian hydrogen intensity mapping experiment (chime), canadian hydrogen observatory and radio tr... | reverse finite element modelling and verification testing of the john a. galt 26 m radio telescope |
magnetic fields are believed to play a crucial role in the dynamics and evolution of protoplanetary disks. polarized (sub)millimeter dust emission has been established as a reliable tool to probe the magnetic field on the relatively large scales of molecular clouds, dense star-forming cores and protostellar envelopes, ... | origins of (sub)millimeter disk polarization |
we propose polarization of scattered optical light from intermediate galactic latitude infrared cirrus as a new diagnostic to constrain models of interstellar dust and the anisotropic interstellar radiation field (aisrf). for single scattering by a sphere, with mie scattering phase functions for intensity and polarized... | diagnostics from polarization of scattered optical light from galactic infrared cirrus |
the unique biosignature of life on earth is the homochirality of organic compounds such as amino acids, proteins, and sugars. the origin of this homochirality has remained a mystery for over a century. while high-energy spin-polarized (spin-up or spin-down) electrons (spes) from the $\beta$ decay of radioactive nuclei ... | photoemission of spin-polarized electrons from aligned grains and chiral symmetry breaking |
the linear polarization of thermal dust emission provides a powerful tool to probe interstellar and circumstellar magnetic fields, because aspherical grains tend to align themselves with magnetic field lines. while the radiative alignment torque (rat) mechanism provides a quantitative framework for the understanding of... | the origin of dust polarization in the orion bar |
among all the available observational techniques for studying magnetic fields in the dense cold phase of the interstellar medium, linear polarization of spectral lines, referred to in the literature as the goldreich-kylafis effect (goldreich & kylafis 1981; hereafter "gk effect"), remains one of the most underutili... | a multilevel implementation of the goldreich-kylafis effect into the radiative transfer code pyrate |
carbon‑based electrodes represent a promising approach to improve stability and up‑scalability of perovskite photovoltaics. the temperature at which these contacts are processed defines the absorber grain size of the perovskite solar cell: in cells with low‑temperature carbon‑based electrodes (l‑cpscs), layer‑by‑layer ... | perovskite solar cells with carbon‑based electrodes – quantification of losses and strategies to overcome them |
the carrier lifetime is one of the key parameters for perovskite solar cells (pscs). however, it is still a great challenge to achieve long carrier lifetimes in perovskite films that are comparable with perovskite crystals owning to the large trap density resulting from the unavoidable defects in grain boundaries and s... | ultralong carrier lifetime exceeding 20 µs in lead halide perovskite film enable efficient solar cells |
the rates of excited-state decay through recombination processes determine the usefulness of a semiconductor for ambipolar devices. we find that recombination rates in chalcogenide perovskites are promising for continued progress towards solar cells. chalcogenides in the perovskite and related crystal structures ("chal... | time-resolved photoluminescence studies of perovskite chalcogenides |
to overcome obstacle of unbalanced hole and electron diffusion behavior in perovskites, a novel type of rationally designed bulk-heterojunction with c60-fullerene electron extraction material coupled with perovskite is for the first time reported. a facile strategy is developed for pyrrole to modify c60 to realize co-s... | one-step-spin-coating route for homogeneous perovskite/pyrrole-c60 fullerene bulk heterojunction for high performance solar cells |
hybrid chemical vapor deposition (hcvd) is a promising method for the up‑scalable fabrication of perovskite solar cells/modules (pscs/psms). however, the efficiency of the hcvd‑based perovskite solar cells still lags behind the solution‑processed pscs/psms. in this work, the oxygen loss of the electron transport layer ... | holistic strategies lead to enhanced efficiency and stability of hybrid chemical vapor deposition based perovskite solar cells and modules |
we present a new theoretical estimate for the birthrate of r coronae borealis (rcb) stars that is in agreement with recent observational data. we find the current galactic birthrate of rcb stars to be ≈25% of the galactic rate of type ia supernovae, assuming that rcb stars are formed through the merger of carbon-oxygen... | r coronae borealis stars are viable factories of pre-solar grains |
mapbbr3 films were deposited on fto-glass substrates by the spin coating technique. these films were irradiated by cu ions with a flounce rate of 2 ×1014 ions/cm2, 4 ×1014 ions/cm2, and 6 ×1014 ions/cm2 respectively. mapbbr3 films exhibited a crystalline nature and a cubic structure, as verified by xrd. the mapbbr3 fil... | understanding the influence of cu ions implantation towards highly efficient mapbbr3 perovskite solar cells |
the growth of solar silicon ingots by directional solidification using small random (chips) and large oriented (mono-chucks) seeds was carried out, and the defect formations using the ingots grown from the different seeds were compared. to have a similar growth environment, the seeds were placed side by side in the sam... | comparison of defect formations in solar silicon growth from small random and large oriented seeds |
a recent suggestion that acetamide, \ce{ch3c(o)nh2}, could be readily formed on water-ice grains by the acid induced addition of water across the \ce{cn} bond is now shown to be valid. computational modelling of the reaction between \ce{r-cn} (r = h, \ce{ch3}) and a cluster of 32 molecules of water and one \ce{h3o+} pr... | peptide bonds in the interstellar medium: facile catalytic formation from nitriles on water–ice grains |
two-photon excitation (2pe) microscopy allows contactless and non-destructive cross-sectional analysis of grain-boundary (gb) and grain-interior (gi) properties in polycrystalline solar cells, with measurements of doping uniformity, space-charge field distribution, and carrier dynamics in different regions of the devic... | separating grain-boundary and bulk recombination with time-resolved photoluminescence microscopy |
a smelting multiple recrystallization strategy and its effects on the morphology, composition, and defects of cspbbri2 film were investigated. an optimal number (n = 2) of recrystallization cycles improved the crystallinity and phase purity, minimized the grain boundaries, and optimized the crystal structure, yielding ... | smelting recrystallization of cspbbri2 perovskites for indoor and outdoor photovoltaics |
grain boundaries (gbs) are defects originating in multi-crystalline silicon during crystal growth for device si solar cell fabrication. the presence of gbs changes the coordination of si, making it advantageous for charge carriers to recombine, which brings a significant reduction of carrier lifetimes. therefore, gbs c... | the role of si vacancies in the segregation of o, c, and n at silicon grain boundaries: an ab initio study |
context. contrary to what is expected from models of galactic chemical evolution, the isotopic fractionation of silicon (si) in the galaxy has recently been found to be constant. this finding calls for new observations, also at core scales, to re-evaluate the fractionation of si.aims: l1157-b1 is one of the outflow-sho... | seeds of life in space (solis). viii. sio isotopic fractionation, and a new insight into the shocks of l1157-b1 |
agricultural sensors are powerful tools to optimize crop productivity while conserving natural resources. here we report a crop water-stress detector based on a plasmonically-enhanced micromechanical photoswitch capable of detecting water content in leaves that is lower than a predetermined threshold without consuming ... | zero standby power crop water-stress detector leading to the optimization of water usage and yield |
all‑inorganic cesium lead bromide (cspbbr3) perovskite solar cells have attracted enormous attention owing to their outstanding stability in comparison with organic–inorganic hybrid devices. the greatest weakness for inorganic cspbbr3 solar cells is their lower power conversion efficiencies, mainly arising from inferio... | lanthanide ions doped cspbbr3 halides for htm‑free 10.14%‑efficiency inorganic perovskite solar cell with an ultrahigh open‑circuit voltage of 1.594 v |
from time- and spatially resolved optical measurements, we show that extended defects can have a large effect on the charge-carrier recombination in ii-vi semiconductors. in cdte double heterostructures grown by molecular beam epitaxy on the insb (100)-orientation substrates, we characterized the extended defects and f... | time-resolved correlative optical microscopy of charge-carrier transport, recombination, and space-charge fields in cdte heterostructures |
halide perovskites excel in the pursuit of highly efficient thin film photovoltaics, with power conversion efficiencies reaching 25.5% in single junction and 29.5% in tandem halide perovskite/silicon solar cell configurations. operational stability of perovskite solar cells remains a barrier to their commercialisation,... | local nanoscale defective phase impurities are the sites of degradation in halide perovskite devices |
designing next generation concentrated solar power plant solar receivers with current metallic alloys is extremely challenging due to high creep damage accumulation under high temperature operating conditions. new structural materials with high creep resistance must be sought to achieve a desired design life of 30 year... | assessment of ti3sic2 max phase as a structural material for high temperature receivers |
organic‑inorganic hybrid perovskite solar cells (pscs) have been extensively researched as a promising photovoltaic technology, wherein the orientation of the perovskite film plays a crucial role in the power conversion efficiency (pce) and stability. here, a seed‑mediated method is developed to in situ grow a layer of... | orientation engineering via 2d seeding for stable 24.83% efficiency perovskite solar cells |
organic‑inorganic hybrid two‑dimensional (2d) perovskites (n≤5) have recently attracted significant attention because of their promising stability and optoelectronic properties. normally, 2d perovskites contain a monocation [e.g., methylammonium (ma+) or formamidinium (fa+)]. reported here for the first time is the fab... | enhanced charge transport by incorporating formamidinium and cesium cations into two‑dimensional perovskite solar cells |
the degradation/recovery phenomena in ultrathin film solar cells based on cds/cdte are theoretically analysed using sah-noyce-shockley theory for generation and recombination in the depletion region. this theory can explain the overlap of the depletion regions at both front and back contacts where the carrier generatio... | modelling of degradation/recovery phenomena in cds/cdte ultrathin film solar cells |
this study develops two model predictive control approaches to optimize microgrid dispatch, one with participation in real-time ancillary service markets and the other without participation. results are compared to a baseline logic-based control with case study data taken from a grid-tied 326 kw solar photovoltaic, 634... | model predictive control of microgrids for real-time ancillary service market participation |
although perovskite solar cells (pscs) have made great achievements during the past few years, the efficiency of pscs is only up to 25.5%, which is comparable to silicon-based solar cells. however, long-term stability is still an important problem for future commercialization. enormous efforts have been made to prolong... | basic understanding of perovskite solar cells and passivation mechanism |
composition and film quality of perovskite are crucial for the further improvement of perovskite solar cells (pscs), including efficiency, reproducibility, and stability. here, it is demonstrated that by simply mixing 50% of formamidinium (fa+) into methylammonium lead iodide (mapbi3), a highly crystalline, stable phas... | the synergism of dmso and diethyl ether for highly reproducible and efficient ma0.5fa0.5pbi3 perovskite solar cells |
seeking strategies of promoting the charge separation and transport of the photo-active layer has been always of significance for the development of high-performance optoelectronic devices. we herein demonstrate an effective way of decorating wo3 nanocrystals in perovskite films for boosted photogenerated carriers tran... | embedding of wo3 nanocrystals with rich oxygen-vacancies in solution processed perovskite film for improved photovoltaic performance |
sediment core er11-16 from køge bugt in southeast greenland is used to assess early holocene palaeoceanographic changes and sediment rafting from icebergs calved from the large outlet glaciers in the area. diatom analysis reconstructs variability in surface water temperature, salinity and sea-ice concentrations, and be... | early holocene palaeoceanographic and glaciological changes in southeast greenland |
ii-vi semiconductors are used in numerous electro-optical applications. for example, cdte-based solar technology is cost competitive with other electricity generation sources, yet there is still significant room to improve. carrier lifetime has historically been well below the radiative recombination limit. lifetimes r... | mechanisms for long carrier lifetime in cd(se)te double heterostructures |
the presence of surface and grain boundary defects in organic–inorganic halide perovskite films can be detrimental to both the performance and operational stability of perovskite solar cells (pscs). here, the effect of chloride additives is studied on the bulk and surface defects of the mixed cation and halide pscs. it... | controllable perovskite crystallization via antisolvent technique using chloride additives for highly efficient planar perovskite solar cells |
anodically formed tio2 nanotube arrays (tntas) constitute an optoelectronic platform that is being studied for use as a photoanode in photoelectrocatalytic cells, as an electron transport layer (etl) in solar cells and photodetectors, and as an active layer for chemiresistive and microwave sensors. for optimal transpor... | preferentially oriented tio2 nanotube arrays on non-native substrates and their improved performance as electron transporting layer in halide perovskite solar cells |
dust grains of organic matter were the main reservoir of c and n in the forming solar system and are thus considered to be an essential ingredient for the emergence of life. however, the physical environment and the chemical mechanisms at the origin of these organic grains are still highly debated. in this study, we re... | insights into the origin of carbonaceous chondrite organics from their triple oxygen isotope composition |
oxygen isotope exchange experiments between tens of nanometer-sized amorphous enstatite grains and water vapor were carried out under a condition of protoplanetary disk-like low water vapor pressure in order to investigate the survivability of distinct oxygen isotope signatures of presolar silicate grains in the protos... | survivability of presolar oxygen isotopic signature of amorphous silicate dust in the protosolar disk |
transferring the high power conversion efficiencies (pces) of spin‑coated perovskite solar cells (pscs) on the laboratory scale to large‑area photovoltaic modules requires a significant advance in scalable fabrication methods. digital inkjet printing promises scalable, material, and cost‑efficient deposition of perovsk... | inkjet‑printed micrometer‑thick perovskite solar cells with large columnar grains |
in addition to high efficiencies, upscaling and long‑term operational stability are key pre‑requisites for moving perovskite solar cells toward commercial applications. in this work, a strategy to fabricate large‑area uniform and dense perovskite films with a thickness over one‑micrometer via a two‑step coating process... | scalable fabrication of >90 cm2 perovskite solar modules with >1000 h operational stability based on the intermediate phase strategy |
understanding the relationship of photoexcited carrier lifetimes, mobilities, and recombination mechanisms to structural properties and processing of photovoltaic (pv) absorber materials is critical to the design of efficient solar cells. carrier dynamics in pv absorbers have conventionally been characterized by time-r... | relating carrier dynamics and photovoltaic device performance of single-crystalline cu2zn sn se4 |
recently, cdte-based solar cells have achieved high power conversion efficiency by alloying with cdse. besides the increased photocurrent due to the reduced bandgap, it is also reported that the electron lifetime in the alloyed system is higher than that in the cdte-based system. however, the origin of the improved lif... | enhanced performance of se-alloyed cdte solar cells: the role of se-segregation on the grain boundaries |
in this work, we studied the influence of tio2 morphology on photovoltaic performances, electron transport and charge recombination properties of nanotubes/nanoparticle-based dye-sensitized solar cells. nanotubes and nanoparticles nanostructures have been synthetized by hydrothermal and sol-gel methods, and then charac... | impedance investigation of tio2 nanotubes/nanoparticles-based dye-sensitized solar cells |
the recent discovery of hot dust grains in the vicinity of main-sequence stars has become a hot issue among the scientific community of debris disks. hot grains must have been enormously accumulated near their sublimation zones, but it is a mystery how such a high concentration of hot grains is sustained. the most diff... | hot grain dynamics by electric charging and magnetic trapping in debris disks |
metal‑halide perovskite solar cells (pscs) have had a transformative impact on the renewable energy landscape since they were first demonstrated just over a decade ago. outstanding improvements in performance have been demonstrated through structural, compositional, and morphological control of devices, with commercial... | aerosol assisted solvent treatment: a universal method for performance and stability enhancements in perovskite solar cells |
when studying chemistry of photodissociation regions (pdrs), time dependence becomes important as visual extinction increases, since certain chemical time-scales are comparable to the cloud lifetime. dust temperature is also a key factor, since it significantly influences gas temperature and mobility on dust grains, de... | dust temperature and time-dependent effects in the chemistry of photodissociation regions |
context. previous studies have discovered a population of small granules with diameters less than 800 km located in the intergranular lanes showing differing physical properties. high resolution simulations and observations of the solar granulation, in combination with automated segmentation and temporal tracking algor... | dynamics of small-scale convective motions |
commercially available jeffamines (polyetheramine) with average molecular weights of 2000 and 3000 g mol-1; one (m2005), two (d2000), and three (t3000) primary amino groups end-capping on the polyether backbone; and propylene oxide (po) and ethylene oxide (eo) functionality were explored as additives for application in... | commercially available jeffamine additives for p-i-n perovskite solar cells |
solution-processed organic/inorganic hybrid halide perovskites are a class of very promising photovoltaic materials because of their extraordinary optoelectronic properties. however, numerous intrinsic defects within perovskite films limit the performance enhancement of perovskite solar cells (pscs). herein, we introdu... | defect passivation in ch3nh3pbi3 films using alkali metal fluoride additives for highly efficient perovskite solar cells |
interfacial engineering, grain boundary, and surface passivation in organic–inorganic hybrid perovskite solar cells (hypscs) are effective in achieving high performance and enhanced durability. organic additives and inorganic doping are generally used to chemically modify the surface contacting charge transport layers,... | macl‑assisted ge doping of pb‑hybrid perovskite: a universal route to stabilize high performance perovskite solar cells |
we report the first microstructural confirmation of circumstellar magnetite, identified in a petrographic thin section of the lapaz icefield 031117 co3.0 chondrite. the o-isotopic composition of the grain indicates an origin in a low-mass (∼2.2 m⊙), approximately solar metallicity red/asymptotic giant branch (rgb/agb) ... | circumstellar magnetite from the lap 031117 co3.0 chondrite |
positron annihilation lifetime spectroscopy (pals) and doppler broadening positron annihilation spectroscopy (db-pas) depth profiling demonstrate pronounced growth of vacancy clusters at the grain boundaries of as-deposited al-doped zno films deposited as transparent conductive oxide (tco) on cu (in ,ga ) s e2 (cigs) s... | evolution and role of vacancy clusters at grain boundaries of zno:al during accelerated degradation of cu (in ,ga ) s e2 solar cells revealed by positron annihilation |
although the field of solar cells is the most popular application of perovskite materials, their use in radiation detection applications is emerging. the success of perovskites as radiation detectors rests partly on the same material properties that have led to successful optoelectronics applications, meaning that othe... | high scintillation yield and fast response to alpha particles from thin perovskite films deposited by pulsed laser deposition |
perovskite solar cells (pscs) with state‑of‑the‑art efficiencies contain thermally unstable methylammonium (ma). here, interfacial passivation with pentafluorophenylhydrazine (5f‑phz) to fabricate efficient and stable ma/br‑free pscs is introduced. the 5f‑phz surface treatment quenches the pbi2 and δ‑perovskite phase f... | interfacial embedding for high‑efficiency and stable methylammonium‑free perovskite solar cells with fluoroarene hydrazine |
metal halide perovskite solar cells (pscs) have developed rapidly in recent years, due to their high performance and low-cost solution-based fabrication process. these excellent properties are mainly attributed to the high defect tolerance of polycrystalline perovskite films. meanwhile, these defects can also facilitat... | surface-capping engineering for electrically neutral surface of perovskite films and stable solar cells |
we present alma band 6 observations of the luminous blue variable η car obtained within the almagal program. we report sio j = 5 → 4, sis j = 12 → 11, and sin n = 5 → 4 emission in the equatorial region of the homunculus nebula, constituting the first detection of silicon- and sulfur-bearing molecules in the outskirts ... | first detection of silicon-bearing molecules in η car |
with power conversion efficiencies now exceeding 25%, hybrid perovskite solar cells require deeper understanding of defects and processing to further approach the shockley‑queisser limit. one approach for processing enhancement and defect reduction involves additive engineering—, e.g., addition of mascn (ma = methylamm... | impact of pbi2 passivation and grain size engineering in ch3nh3pbi3 solar absorbers as revealed by carrier‑resolved photo‑hall technique |
intrigued by the extended red giant clump (rc) stretching across the color-magnitude diagram of the stars in a 50 × 50 pc2 region of the large magellanic cloud (lmc) containing the clusters ngc 1938 and ngc 1939, we have studied the stellar populations to learn about the properties of the interstellar medium (ism) in t... | anomalous extinction toward ngc 1938 |
photoactive perovskite semiconductors are highly tunable, with numerous inorganic and organic cations readily incorporated to modify optoelectronic properties. however, despite the importance of device reliability and long service lifetimes, the effects of various cations on the mechanical properties of perovskites are... | effect of cation composition on the mechanical stability of perovskite solar cells |
although the power conversion efficiency of perovskite solar cells has improved rapidly, a rational path for further improvement remains unclear. the effect of large morphological heterogeneity of polycrystalline perovskite films on their device performance by photoluminescence (pl) microscopy has now been studied. con... | limiting perovskite solar cell performance by heterogeneous carrier extraction |
all‑inorganic perovskite solar cells (pscs) have recently received growing attention as a promising template to solve the thermal instability of organic–inorganic pscs. however, the thermodynamic phase instability and relatively low device efficiency pose challenges. herein, highly efficient and stable cspbi1.5br1.5 co... | organic dye passivation for high‑performance all‑inorganic cspbi1.5br1.5 perovskite solar cells with efficiency over 14% |
hydrogen is a crucial element for crystalline silicon solar cells due to its ability to passivate bulk defects in silicon. the introduction and distribution of hydrogen has gained a lot of interest due to its proposed involvement in the phenomenon termed "light and elevated temperature induced degradation" (letid) in m... | hydrogen diffusion from pecvd silicon nitride into multicrystalline silicon wafers: elastic recoil detection analysis (erda) measurements and impact on light and elevated temperature induced degradation (letid) |
corundum-bearing ca-al-rich inclusions (cais) are a rare class of high-temperature condensates from the inner regions of the protoplanetary disk. their mineralogy is intermediate between isolated corundum grains and cais where corundum has been replaced by lower-temperature phases. these inclusions sample a critical tr... | corundum-hibonite inclusions and the environments of high temperature processing in the early solar system |
in this work, interface modification of sno2 layer using p-n junction double layer is investigated for the efficiency enhancement of perovskite solar cell (psc). for the double layer, a sn additive layer was applied on a sno2 layer by using the dc magnetron sputtering technique at various deposition times. the highest ... | interface modification of sno2 layer using p-n junction double layer for efficiency enhancement of perovskite solar cell |
a solvent soaking and rinsing method, in which the solvent was allowed to soak all over the surface followed by a spinning for solvent draining, was found to produce perovskite layers with high uniformity on a centimeter scale and with much improved reliability. besides the enhanced crystallinity and surface morphology... | reliable solution processed planar perovskite hybrid solar cells with large-area uniformity by chloroform soaking and spin rinsing induced surface precipitation |
the power conversion efficiency (pce) of tin-based perovskite solar cells (tpscs) was significantly improved when polyvinyl pyrrolidone (pvp) was doped into the formamidinium tin iodide (fasni3) layer with an optimized doping mass. after doping, the fasni3 grain size, film smoothness and average carrier lifetime were l... | enhancing performance of tin-based perovskite solar cells by polyvinyl pyrrolidone doping strategy |
we have analysed the petrography, major element abundances and bulk al-mg isotope systematics of 19 ferromagnesian chondrules from the cv3 chondrites allende, mokoia, and vigarano, together with an al-rich chondrule and refractory olivine from mokoia. co-variations of al/mg with na/mg and ti/mg in our bulk chondrules s... | chronology of formation of early solar system solids from bulk mg isotope analyses of cv3 chondrules |
observations of the solar photosphere show spatially compact large-amplitude doppler velocity events with short lifetimes. in data from the imaging magnetograph experiment (imax) on the first flight of the sunrise balloon in 2009, events with velocities in excess of 4σ from the mean can be identified in both intergranu... | doppler events in the solar photosphere: the coincident superposition of fast granular flows and p-mode coherence patches |
this work proposes to utilize si particles embedded in si3n4 layer as low-cost seeds to produce high-quality multi-crystalline silicon (mc-si) ingot by full-melting process. the nucleation mechanism and its effects on minority carrier lifetime distribution, pl defects and oxygen concentration were studied. the results ... | growth of high-quality multi-crystalline silicon ingot by using si particles embedded in the si3n4 layer |
we investigate the orbital evolution of dust grains in the sublimation region near the white dwarf wd 1145+017. the selection of basalt as the main constituent of transient material around wd1145+017 is dictated by observations of the boundary of the dust-free zone near the sun for zodiacal dust cloud and by the orbita... | on the orbital evolution of dust grains in the sublimation region around wd1145+017 |
high performance multicrystalline silicon wafers used in solar cell processing have been investigated with focus on quantification of the grain boundary effect on lifetime. the lifetime of a set of 16 wafers from different positions along the ingot and after different process steps - phosphorus gettering, sinx:h layer ... | grain boundary effect on lifetime in high performance multicrystalline silicon during solar cell processing |
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