Claim: According to Lisan al-Arab, the term "muwalad" has a meaning close to "the adopted", and does not denote being of mixed-race but rather being of foreign-blood and local culture.
Evidence: According to Lisan al-Arab, one of the earliest Arab dictionaries (c. 13th century AD), applied the term to the children of non-Muslim (often Christian) slaves or non-Muslim children who were captured in a war and were raised by Muslims to follow their religion and culture. Thus, in this context, the term "muwalad" has a meaning close to "the adopted". According to the same source, the term does not denote being of mixed-race but rather being of foreign-blood and local culture.