Claim: During the 1973 Philippine constitutional plebiscite, Ferdinand Marcos issued Proclamation No. 1102 certifying that the 1973 Constitution had been ratified, which was challenged by the Ratification Cases heard by the Philippine Supreme Court.
Evidence: On 17 January 1973, Marcos issued Proclamation No. 1102 certifying and proclaiming that the 1973 Constitution had been ratified by the Filipino people and thereby was in effect. These results were challenged by the Ratification Cases heard by the Philippine Supreme Court in 1973. In September 1972, President Ferdinand Marcos declared martial law and arrested 11 members of the convention.