Claim: Ray Chapman's death led baseball to establish a rule requiring umpires to replace the ball whenever its dirty and in baseball, the umpire is the person charged with officiating the game.
Evidence: Chapman was hit in the head by a pitch thrown by Yankees pitcher Carl Mays and died 12 hours later. His death led baseball to establish a rule requiring umpires to replace the ball whenever it becomes dirty. In baseball, the umpire is the person charged with officiating the game, including beginning and ending the game, enforcing the rules of the game and the grounds, making judgment calls on plays, and handling the disciplinary actions.