Claim: Chutney derives from Hindi and refers to fresh and pickled (either anaerobic fermentation in brine or immersion in vinegar) preparations, can also sometimes be called achār.
Evidence: In India, "chutney" refers to fresh and pickled preparations indiscriminately. A different word achār (Hindi: अचार) applies to pickles that often contain oil and are rarely sweet. Pickling is the process of preserving or extending the shelf life of food by either anaerobic fermentation in brine or immersion in vinegar.