Predicated Diffusion: Predicate Logic-Based Attention Guidance for Text-to-Image Diffusion Models
Authors: Kota Sueyoshi, Takashi Matsubara

Diffusion models have achieved remarkable success in generating high-quality diverse and creative images. However in text-based image generation they often struggle to accurately capture the intended meaning of the text. For instance a specified object might not be generated or an adjective might incorrectly alter unintended objects. Moreover we found that relationships indicating possession between objects are frequently overlooked. Despite the diversity of users' intentions in text existing methods often focus on only some aspects of these intentions. In this paper we propose Predicated Diffusion a unified framework designed to more effectively express users' intentions. It represents the intended meaning as propositions using predicate logic and treats the pixels in attention maps as fuzzy predicates. This approach provides a differentiable loss function that offers guidance for the image generation process to better fulfill the propositions. Comparative evaluations with existing methods demonstrated that Predicated Diffusion excels in generating images faithful to various text prompts while maintaining high image quality as validated by human evaluators and pretrained image-text models.