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IPQuiz

like 1

en

{"A": "Reducing or eliminating DRM.", "B": "Adjusting to new advances in digital technology.", "C": "Enabling and regulating a secondary market for digital content.", "D": "Shortening copyright term.", "E": "All of the above."}

E

Changes to copyright law in the future are likely to focus on which issues?

en

{"A": "To protect the inventions of businesses.", "B": "To indicate the origin of goods or services.", "C": "To reward businesses for their creative works."}

B

What is the purpose of the intellectual property right we call a trademark?

en

{"A": "They protect the public by preventing confusion or deception about the source of goods and services.", "B": "They protect the market reputation and goodwill of the producers of goods.", "C": "They are granted at the moment of creation.", "D": "They are excellent marketing and advertising tools."}

C

Which of the following is NOT true of trademarks?

en

{"A": "850000", "B": "25000", "C": "35"}

C

How much did Nike pay a graphic designer in 1971 to produce its swoosh logo now estimated to be worth as much as $20 billion?

en

{"A": "They encourage and reward creative enterprise.", "B": "They marshal the benefits of this creativity to the public good.", "C": "They protect the consumer from deception.", "D": "All of the above."}

D

What value do trademarks provide society?

en

{"A": "The Commerce Clause of the U.S. Constitution.", "B": "Article 1, Section 8 of the U.S. Constitution.", "C": "State laws."}

A

What is the legal foundation for federal trademark law?

en

{"A": "They are not limited in duration.", "B": "They do not hinder the sale of similar products and services by others.", "C": "They cannot be obtained by mere adoption, but only through commercial use.", "D": "All of the above are true statements."}

D

How are trademarks different from patents and copyrights?

en

{"A": "There was no government agency to register trademarks before that time.", "B": "That was when written records of trademarks could be printed.", "C": "Widespread trade requires a certain level of public trust in the provenance and quality of goods, which trademarks helped to build."}

C

Why did trademarks not emerge until the start of widespread trade in the Bronze Age?

en

{"A": "The guilds issued trademarks only to their own members.", "B": "They became a means by which guilds could ensure the quality of work done by guild members.", "C": "The guilds started charging money to issue a trademark."}

B

Besides indicating the source of a good or service, how did trademarks change with the emergence of guilds in the Middle Ages?

en

{"A": "The Royal Dutch Tulip Company.", "B": "Wedgewood china.", "C": "Löwenbräu Brewery."}

C

What is one of the oldest trademarks still in existence?

en

{"A": "It proves that 250 years before the Industrial Revolution, trademark infringement was viewed as deceit and a violation of laws against unfair competition.", "B": "It is the first trademark infringement case known to be recorded.", "C": "It serves as the foundation for modern trademark laws and policies.", "D": "All of the above."}

D

What is the significance of an old lawsuit known as Sanforth’s Case?

en

{"A": "The Industrial Revolution transformed America’s many local and regional markets into a unified national economy.", "B": "Producers of goods and services began to grow into national entities.", "C": "State laws often conflicted with each other.", "D": "All of the above."}

D

What caused U.S. trademark laws to evolve from a patchwork of state laws into a unitary federal trademark system?

en

{"A": "The court ruled that they infringed on non-trademark owners’ first amendment rights to free speech.", "B": "The court ruled in 1879 that the patent and copyright clauses of the Constitution gave Congress no authority to regulate trademarks.", "C": "The court ruled that they were too vaguely written."}

B

Why were the first two national trademark laws ruled unconstitutional by the Supreme Court?

en

{"A": "It only regulated the trademarks used in commerce with other nations and with Indian tribes.", "B": "It only allowed for the registration but not the enforcement of trademarks.", "C": "It derived its authority from the Commerce Clause of the U.S. Constitution."}

A

What was the chief weakness of the Trade Mark Act of 1881?

en

{"A": "It broadened the national system of trademark registration.", "B": "It set the trademark renewal period.", "C": "It required registration of trademarks before owners could gain access to the federal courts for redress.", "D": "It established remedies in the case of infringement."}

C

The Lanham Act is the principal federal law on trademarks in the United States. Which of the following was NOT a feature of trademark law enacted by the act?

en

{"A": "When its owner ceases to use it in commerce.", "B": "When its owner ceases to employ it throughout the national territory of the United States.", "C": "When its owner ceases to use the trademark in commerce for three or more years."}

C

When does federal law create a presumption of trademark abandonment?

en

{"A": "Services provided to either consumers or other businesses.", "B": "Physical goods or commodities that are manufactured, produced, grown, or that exist naturally.", "C": "Both of the above."}

B

Of the four individual types of marks, what does a trademark identify?

en

{"A": "True.", "B": "False."}

A

A collective mark identifies a trademark owned by a member of a certain organization. True or False?

en

{"A": "The certified or verified origin of a product or service.", "B": "A product or service that meets certain standards or requirements."}

A

A certification mark indicates what?

en

{"A": "Chanel handbags.", "B": "The MGM lion’s roar.", "C": "Tiffany’s blue color.", "D": "The power-on chime in Apple’s Mac computers."}

A

A trademark may be a word (or phrase), name, symbol, or device. Which of these do the following trademarks represent?

en

{"A": "It’s a number.", "B": "It’s not trade dress.", "C": "It doesn’t indicate the origin of the gas—whether Exxon, Shell, or another company."}

C

Why has no company been able to gain trademark protection for “87 Octane” as a brand of gasoline?

en

{"A": "A trademark-protected design consists of a discrete symbol or logo on the product or service, whereas trade dress is its overall “look and feel.”", "B": "A trademarked trade dress covers a product or service’s overall features like its size, shape, and color combinations rather than a particular symbol or design.", "C": "Both of these."}

C

What’s the difference between a design protected as a trademark and trade dress?

en

{"A": "All three protect the unique look of a company’s products from being infringed.", "B": "All three protect only the nonfunctional elements of the product’s appearance.", "C": "Both of these."}

C

In what way are trademarked designs and trade dress similar to design patents?

en

{"A": "Non-obviousness.", "B": "Distinctiveness.", "C": "Originality."}

B

What is the trademark world’s corollary to novelty in patents?

en

{"A": "Descriptive.", "B": "Generic.", "C": "Fanciful."}

B

Of the following five categories of marks—fanciful, arbitrary, suggestive, descriptive, and generic—which one of them can never be protected as a trademark?

en

{"A": "Apple.", "B": "Xerox.", "C": "Coppertone.", "D": "Windows."}

A

Which kind of mark is owned by the following companies?

en

{"A": "Because Toys “R” Us was the first to use the name “toys” and thus has priority.", "B": "Because Toys “R” Us was the first to use the name nationwide.", "C": "Because of the fanciful spelling of its name."}

C

Why was the store Toys “R” Us able to gain trademark protection for its name, even though “toys” is a generic word used by thousands of toy stores nationwide?

en

{"A": "The original companies making these products went out of business.", "B": "The public came to associate the name with an entire category of similar products."}

B

Why did “Cellophane” and “Aspirin” lose their trademarks

en

{"A": "The prior use bar.", "B": "The functionality bar.", "C": "Subject matter bars.", "D": "All of the above."}

D

What are some of the bars to getting a trademark?

en

{"A": "The name “Amazon” is not indicative of the geographic source of the retailer’s goods, nor do consumers think those goods come from the Amazonian region.", "B": "The name “Amazon” is not a factor in whether or not consumers decide to purchase books, clothing, electronics, or anything else from the company.", "C": "Amazon’s brand stands for low prices and great customer service, not for anything of a geographic nature.", "D": "All of the above."}

D

If geographic marks that are deceptively misdescriptive are ineligible for trademark protection, then why was Amazon able to gain trademark protection for its name, which refers to a geographic area of South America?

en

{"A": "The exclusive right to use the mark in their geographic area of business.", "B": "The ability to seek assistance from the U.S. Customs and Border Protection Service in preventing the importation of infringing foreign goods.", "C": "The exclusive right to use the mark nationwide.", "D": "The right to use the federal registration symbol ® instead of the ™ symbol."}

A

As with copyrights, trademarks do not have to be registered with the federal government, but doing so gives their owners all of the following additional rights EXCEPT for which one?

en

{"A": "True.", "B": "False."}

B

You can’t file a trademark registration application unless you are currently engaged in business.

en

{"A": "A business name change.", "B": "A bankruptcy proceeding.", "C": "As collateral for a loan.", "D": "All of the above."}

D

Which of the following explains why a trademark owner may assign it to another?

en

{"A": "By confusing consumers about the source of goods or services.", "B": "By allowing others to “palm off” lower-quality knockoffs in place of the high-quality goods they are seeking to buy.", "C": "By damaging trust between consumers and providers of goods and services.", "D": "All of the above."}

D

How does trademark infringement harm consumers?

en

{"A": "By examining each individual component of a mark and seeing if another mark uses individual components that are similar.", "B": "By examining the totality of the two marks as seen and experienced by the consumer in the context of the goods or services on which they are used and seeing if they are similar enough to cause confusion or deception."}

B

How is the “similarity” between two marks in a trademark infringement case determined?

en

{"A": "Dilution occurs when a mark famous to the general American public is blurred or tarnished by a similar mark, regardless of whether that mark is used on similar goods or services.", "B": "Dilution occurs when a trademark grows weaker in the minds of consumers as a result of its owner not advertising or featuring it prominently enough on products."}

A

What is trademark dilution as opposed to trademark infringement?

en

{"A": "Damages can be significantly increased if trademark infringement is deemed willful.", "B": "Courts frequently use injunctions based on trademark law to stop the importation of products that once carried infringing marks even after those marks have been removed.", "C": "Federal trademark law also provides for punitive damages for trademark infringement."}

A

Which of the following is true about trademark remedies?

en

{"A": "When a business compares its products with those of a competitor, with no intent to confuse customers as to the source of the competitor’s goods.", "B": "When a trademark of another is used to refer to that other’s goods or services in legitimate connection with one’s own, such as a notice on the packaging of a small company’s graphic design program that it can run on the Microsoft Windows operating system.", "C": "Both of the above are correct."}

B

A party may be permitted the fair use of another’s trademark under two conditions, known as nominative fair use and classic fair use. Which of the following is an example of nominative fair use?

en

{"A": "True.", "B": "False."}

A

Unlike patents and trademarks, the law requires that intellectual property consisting of trade secrets not be publicly disclosed. True or False?

en

{"A": "Information that many people do not know about how a product like a smartphone is made.", "B": "Virtually any information that is of value as a result of not being generally known.", "C": "Any information relating to the finances of a publicly held company."}

B

Which of the following best describes a trade secret?

en

{"A": "1 to 3 percent.", "B": "4 to 6 percent.", "C": "7 to 10 percent."}

A

Trade secret theft or misappropriation costs the world’s richest 40 nations approximately how much of their gross domestic product, or GDP, each year?

en

{"A": "It must be novel and non-obvious.", "B": "It must be original and expressed in a tangible form that can be seen or copied.", "C": "It must be not generally known by others, and it must have been subject to reasonable efforts to avoid public disclosure."}

C

What are the two main requirements for information to be protectable as a trade secret?

en

{"A": "It protects the information to be kept secret indefinitely.", "B": "It prevents others from ever independently deriving the same information.", "C": "Both of the above are correct."}

A

What is one key advantage of trade secret protection versus patent protection?

en

{"A": "Keep it as a trade secret.", "B": "Patent it."}

B

If you invent faster-than-light travel but believe someone will be able to reverse engineer it by examining your starship, should you patent it or keep it as a trade secret?

en

{"A": "One cannot legally misappropriate trade secrets.", "B": "Nobody is above the law, not even a trade secret owner.", "C": "The holder of a trade secret does not have protection against reverse engineering."}

C

What did the Supreme Court note in the case of Bonito Boats v. Thunder Craft Boats?

en

{"A": "True.", "B": "False."}

B

If information is protected as a valid trade secret, a competitor can be stopped from using it no matter who he obtained it from. True or False?

en

{"A": "True.", "B": "False."}

B

Trade secret protection is guaranteed by the federal government. True or False?

en

{"A": "France.", "B": "The United States.", "C": "England."}

C

In which country did trade secret law first originate in the early 1800s?

en

{"A": "It was the first trade secret law binding on every state.", "B": "It served as a model that was adopted by 48 of the 50 U.S. states.", "C": "It served as a model that was adopted by every state."}

B

What impact did the Uniform Trade Secrets Act (UTSA) of 1979 have on trade secret protection in the United States?

en

{"A": "There is no real protection against misappropriation of trade secrets.", "B": "The protections against trade secret theft are very uneven.", "C": "A federal trade secret law would merely replicate state protections."}

B

Which of the following best describes the problem with the current lack of uniform federal protection of trade secrets?

en

{"A": "Sales information.", "B": "Customer lists.", "C": "Manufacturing techniques.", "D": "All of the above."}

D

Which of the following could be considered a trade secret so long as reasonable steps had been taken to prevent its disclosure?

en

{"A": "Yes.", "B": "No.", "C": "It depends."}

C

Is information not known to the public considered to be a trade secret?

en

{"A": "It depends on whether the customers want to be identified or not.", "B": "To be considered a trade secret, the names of customers must not be available or discernable through public sources."}

B

Would a customer list always be considered a trade secret?

en

{"A": "No. Just as you cannot patent or copyright a mere idea, you cannot protect a mere idea with a trade secret.", "B": "Yes. Under the Uniform Trade Secrets Act, even an idea can sometimes be considered a trade secret."}

A

Can a mere idea be considered a trade secret?

en

{"A": "Publicize it as widely as possible.", "B": "Not disclose it.", "C": "Take active steps to keep the information secret."}

C

To gain trade secret protection, what must the owner do with confidential information?

en

{"A": "It serves as a policy manual that prevents situations in which unwritten rules are followed and security procedures are ignored.", "B": "In the event of litigation, it can serve as proof that you took active steps to keep the information secret.\n ", "C": "Both of these."}

C

What are the benefits of developing a written trade secret plan?

en

{"A": "Shred them.", "B": "Mark them “secret” or “confidential,” among other measures taken.", "C": "Never store them on a computer."}

B

How should companies handle written trade secrets?

en

{"A": "Leaving confidential documents lying around for anyone to see.", "B": "Inadvertently disseminating information at trade shows or conferences.", "C": "Disclosing confidential information in press releases, newspaper articles, or marketing collateral."}

A

Which of these is an example of “passive disclosure” of a trade secret?

en

{"A": "Prevent employee attendance at trade shows and seminars.", "B": "Appoint a trade secret committee to approve publications, speeches, and marketing collateral prior to disclosure.", "C": "Avoid meeting with prospective buyers, customers, or licensees."}

B

What is one way to guard against the active disclosure of trade secret information?

en

{"A": "Acquisition of a trade secret through improper means.", "B": "Deliberate disclosure of a trade secret by the trade secret owner.", "C": "Disclosure of a trade secret without consent."}

B

Which of the following is NOT an example of misappropriation of a trade secret?

en

{"A": "An employee goes to work for another company in a different industry.", "B": "An employee caught embezzling is fired and the employer believes the same lack of morals will lead to the fired employee disclosing trade secrets.", "C": "An employee goes to work for an arch competitor in a comparable job position."}

C

The UTSA not only prohibits the actual disclosure or use of a trade secret, it also protects against the “threatened” disclosure of trade secrets. When might a court intervene to stop a “threatened” disclosure before the actual disclosure takes place?

en

{"A": "The trade secret owner.", "B": "The former employee who leaves to go work for a competitor.", "C": "The competitor, who must prove he did no wrong by hiring the ex-employee."}

A

The burden of proof in a threatened trade secret misappropriation case lies with whom?

en

{"A": "Criminal penalties of up to five years for a first offense.", "B": "Statutory damages.", "C": "Injunctive relief.", "D": "Exemplary damages.", "E": "Attorneys’ fees."}

B

What remedies does the UTSA provide for the misappropriation of trade secrets? (Choose all that apply.)

en

{"A": "An injunction barring a new employer from hiring the former employee of the trade secret owner.", "B": "$85 million in exemplary (punitive) damages awarded to the trade secret owner."}

B

What remedies were imposed in the case of Mattel, Inc. v. MGA Entm’t, Inc. in 2013?

de

{"A": " Mesopotamien", "B": " Mexiko", "C": " Persien", "D": " Griechenland"}

A

Wo wurde das Rad erfunden?

de

{"A": " im 3. Jahrhundert vor Christus", "B": " im 7. Jahrhundert nach Christus", "C": " im 15. Jahrhundert nach Christus", "D": " im 19. Jahrhundert nach Christus"}

A

Eine Welt ohne Beton ist heute kaum vorstellbar. Aber wann wurde der besondere Klebstoff für Steine eigentlich erfunden?

de

{"A": " Philipp Reis", "B": " Thomas Alva Edison", "C": " Antonio Meucci", "D": " Alexander Graham Bell"}

D

Wer wurde zu Unrecht als Erfinder des Telefons bekannt?

de

{"A": " In welchem Jahrzehnt verbreitete sich der Internet-Dienst \"www\" (World Wide Web)?", "B": " In den 60er Jahren", "C": "In den 70er Jahren", "D": "In den 80er Jahren", "E": "In den 90er Jahren"}

E

Amerikanische Jugendliche würden auf ihr Handy verzichten, wenn sie zwischen dem Mobiltelefon und der Zahnbürste wählen müssten. Das ergab eine Studie. Aber auf welchem Kontinent wurde die Zahnbürste zum ersten Mal benutzt?

de

{"A": "1863", "B": "1893", "C": "1923", "D": "1953"}

B

Wann wurde der Reißverschluss erfunden?

de

{"A": " Bleistift", "B": " Brille", "C": " Luftpumpe", "D": " Thermometer"}

C

Welche der folgenden Erfindungen ist die jüngste?

de

{"A": " Matchbox-Auto", "B": " Bobbycar", "C": " Kettcar", "D": " Gokart"}

B

Welches Spielzeugauto wurde 1972 entwickelt und über 30 Millionen Mal gebaut?

de

{"A": " Bügel", "B": " Banane", "C": " Bumerang", "D": " Knochen"}

D

Welchen Spitznamen bekam das erste Handy, das im Jahr 1983 verkauft wurde?

de

{"A": " Berthold Schwarz", "B": " Alfred Nobel", "C": " Edward Teller", "D": " Samuel Colt"}

B

Wer erfand das Dynamit?

de

{"A": "1975", "B": "1984", "C": "1989", "D": "1996"}

C

Mit dem GPS (Global Positioning System) können Sie überall auf der Welt feststellen, wo Sie gerade seid. Mit Hilfe von Satelliten. Wann wurde der erste GPS-Satellit ins All geschossen?

de

{"A": " VW", "B": " Daimler", "C": " Ford", "D": " Opel (General Motors)"}

C

Bei welcher Auto-Marke wurde zum ersten Mal ein Radio ins Fahrzeug eingebaut?

de

{"A": " Korken", "B": " Drehverschluss", "C": " Schweißverschluss", "D": " Kronkorken"}

D

Welcher Flaschenverschluss wurde 1892 erfunden?

de

{"A": " 100 Jahren", "B": " 150 Jahren", "C": " 200 Jahren", "D": " 250 Jahren"}

C

Wann wurde in Paris die erste Batterie vorgestellt? Vor ungefähr ...

de

{"A": " die Gabel", "B": " das Messer", "C": " der Löffel"}

A

Was ist das jüngste Teil des Essbestecks?

de

{"A": " Stanislao Cannizzaro", "B": " Johann Wolfgang Döbereiner", "C": " Dimitrij Mendelejew"}

C

Wer gliederte alle Verwandtschaftsbeziehungen der chemischen Elemente im Periodensystem?

de

{"A": "1846", "B": "1866", "C": "1886"}

A

Wann wurde die Nähmaschine erfunden?

de

{"A": " in Indien", "B": " in Babylonien", "C": " in Griechenland"}

B

Wo wurde das erste bekannte Nullzeichen verwendet?

de

{"A": " eine Katze, ein Hund und eine Gans", "B": " ein Hahn, eine Ente und ein Schaf", "C": " eine Ziege, eine Maus und ein Ferkel"}

B

Welche Tiere stiegen mit dem Heißluftballon im September 1783 in die Höhe?

de

{"A": "1804", "B": "1824", "C": "1844"}

A

Wann fuhr die erste Dampflokomotive?

de

{"A": " Wer führte die Fließbandfertigung von Autos ein?", "B": " Carl Benz", "C": " Gottfried Daimler", "D": "Henry Ford"}

D

Wo gelangten die ersten Münzen in Umlauf?

de

{"A": "944", "B": "1044", "C": "1144"}

B

Aus welchem Jahr stammen die ersten Bücher mit einer "Rezeptur" für Schießpulver?

de

{"A": " Peter Henlein", "B": " Christiaan Huygens", "C": " John Harrison"}

A

Wer erfand die Taschenuhr?

de

{"A": " das Mikrowellengerät", "B": " den Klettverschluss", "C": " die Sofortbildkamera"}

B

Was erfand George de Mestral vor mehr als 50 Jahren?

de

{"A": "1631", "B": "1731", "C": "1831"}

C

Wann wurden die ersten gut funktionierenden Streichhölzer erfunden?

de

{"A": " einen verkohlten Baumwollfaden", "B": " einen Platindraht", "C": " eine japanische Bambusfaser"}

A

Welchen Glühfaden enthielt die erste funktionierende Glühbirne?

de

{"A": " Cheops", "B": " Snofru", "C": " Mykerinos"}

B

Welcher Pharao gilt als Erfinder des Pyramidenbaus?

de

{"A": "1688", "B": "1708", "C": "1728"}

B

Wann stellte Johann Friedrich Böttger erstmals Porzellan in Europa her?

de

{"A": "Ein Türschloss", "B": "Eine einfache Idee", "C": "Eine Marke"}

B

Welches dieser Dinge kann von der Weltorganisation für geistiges Eigentum mit Sitz in Genf nicht patentiert werden?

de

{"A": "Copyright = Recht zu kopieren", "B": "Copyright = Recht zu konsultieren", "C": "Copyright = Recht zu verstehen"}

A

Was bedeutet dieses Symbol : © ?

de

{"A": "Einen Frachtkahn für die Schifffahrt", "B": "Den Druck", "C": "Das Minenbleistift"}

B

Was erfindet Gutenberg 1437?

de

{"A": "Dank den Urheberrechten", "B": "Dank der Einschreibung des Autors auf diesen Werken", "C": "Dank der Erstellung einer Sammlung mit den Autoren der Werke"}

A

Auf welche Art und Weise schützt die Berner Konvention von 1886 literarische und künstlerische Werke?

de

{"A": "Registered ®", "B": "Copyright ©", "C": "Geschützte Ursprungsbezeichnung (KUB)"}

A

Welches Symbol gewährleistet den Schutz einer Marke?

de

{"A": "Geschützte Herkunftsbezeichnung, Patente und Copyrights", "B": "Klonen, Erfindungen und Entdeckungen", "C": "Raubkopien, Fälschungen und Plagiat"}

C

Was wird als Verletzung der Immaterialgüterrechte angesehen?

de

{"A": "Paris", "B": "Genf", "C": "New York"}

B

In welcher Stadt befindet sich der Sitz der Weltorganisation für geistiges Eigentum (WIPO), die 1967 gegründet wurde?

de

{"A": "Während des ganzen Lebens des Autors, danach hängt es von der Gesetzeslage im jeweiligen Land ab.", "B": "Es gibt keine Zeitbegrenzung.", "C": "10 Jahre"}

A

Wie lange besteht ein Urheberrecht?

de

{"A": "Keinen Unterschied, es ist das Gleiche.", "B": "Wenn etwas in der Natur schon existiert, handelt es sich um eine Entdeckung und nicht um eine Erfindung.", "C": "Eine Erfindung unterschiedet sich von einer Entdeckung, weil sie im Alltag nützlich ist."}

B

Was ist der Unterschied zwischen einer Erfindung und einer Entdeckung?