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ten healthy volunteers daily received ml LO for weeks in addition to the ND the influence of LO diet on the fatty acid DP of plasma phospholipids and thromboxane formation in platelets was investigated the HFA DP was analysed by gas liquid chromatography the alphalinolenic EPA and docosahexaenoic acids were increased p less than whereas linoleic and arachidonic acids were decreased p less than T3 weeks of the LO diet the thromboxane formation of platelets were unchanged additionally the influence of hdl and ldl on pgi biosynthesis in pig aortic microsomes pam was investigated hdl taken from SS before and after weeks of linseed oil diet and ldl taken T3 weeks of diet stimulated the pgi formation in pam whereas ldl taken from serum before the diet period inhibited the pgi formation in pam

the only commercial tdcr counter from hidex oy finland comprising three photomultiplier tubes was tested at the two national metrology institutes nmis ptb and enea to this end the two nmis purchased a hidex sl tdcr counter metro version each and carried out various tests at their laboratories in addition the two institutions agreed to organize a BL comparison in order to acquire information on the reproducibility of the results obtained with the counters to achieve this ptb prepared some sr LS samples which were first measured in various counters at ptb and then shipped to enea for comparative measurements the aim of this paper is to summarize the als with scores above the results showed that this screening system could contribute to the ERP selection of target wwmps which would be important for spatialtemporal dynamics transference and pollution control of pharmaceuticals in the urban aquatic environment however there remains a number of pharmaceutical parameters with measured data gaps such as OC adsorption coefficients and bioconcentration AF which if filled would improve the accuracy of the screening system

for a simple analysis of organic solvent vapours in working environmental air we investigated the following method first join the adsorption tube ml of mesh ODS packed in a mm phi x cm glass tube to hand vacuum pump and suck ml of the sample air T3 adsorption join this adsorption tube to the sampling bottle under reduced pressure second open the cock of the sampling bottle and heat only the adsorption tube in an oven for min in the T0 mentioned above organic solvent vapours desorbed from the silica gel transfer smoothly into the sampling bottle T3 desorption take ml of air from the sampling bottle and determine the sample quantities with the gas chromatograph sample solvents used were as follows nhexane cyclohexane BZ toluene mxylene ST trichloroethane dichloromethane tetrachloroethylene ethylacetate AC methylethylketone methylisobutylketone methanol ethanol npropanol and nbutanol we obtained the following results mesh ODS is appropriate for this method heating temperature to get REC varies with the type of organic solvent mxylene and ST require degrees c methylisobutylketone and nbutanol degrees c and the others degrees c if the adsorption tube is preserved in a freezer at degrees c no decrease is observed for up to days at room temperatures however trichloroethane dichloromethane tetrachloroethylene nhexane and cyclohexane decreased by the amount in the tube for each hour period these sample should be preserved at lower temperatures soon after absorbing on the Si gel this method is simple and accurate so valid for analysis of organic solvent vapours in the working environmental air

infection of hsb cells with human herpesvirus hhv results in an approximately fold increase in the level of dna polymerase activity and a fold increase in the level of dnase activity when compared to mockinfected cells there was no increase in thymidine kinase uracildna glycosylase or dUTPase activities in the infected cells the hhvinduced dnase and dna polymerase activities could be distinguished from their normal cellular counterparts on the basis of immunological specificities and in the case of dna polymerase based upon differences in electrophoretic migration serological studies also demonstrated CR of the antisera not only for hhv but also for epsteinbarr virus

sphincter of oddi motility was evaluated in postcholecystectomy patients with indwelling t tubes during fasting and T3 feeding a triplelumen catheter was positioned to record from the SO and duodenum the SO was characterized by phasic contractions independent of duodenal contractions during fasting duodenal wave frequency exhibited four phases whereas only two phases could be identified from the SO a prolonged phase a in the sphincter of oddi corresponded to duodenal phases i ii and iv a short phase b in the SO just preceded the onset of DU phase iii and was temporally related to it SO basal pressure increased during DU phases iii and iv after ingestion of food sphincter of oddi basal pressure PWA and duration decreased but the frequency remained unchanged conversely duodenal frequency increased but there was no change in amplitude thus the human sphincter of oddi and duodenum exhibited independent motility demonstrating distinct phases during the interdigestive period T3 food sphincter of oddi motility altered in a manner which would facilitate the passive flow of fluid into the duodenum

in saccharomyces cerevisiae four transporters tpoptpop all members of the MFS have been shown to confer resistance to PAs it was suggested that they act by pumping their respective ATP into the lumen of the vacuole depending on the proton gradient generated by the vatpase using sucrose gradient ultracentrifugation we found that an hemagglutinin hatagged tpop as well as its hatagged tpopp homologues colocalize with BPM markers because the hatagged tpop carrier protein proved to be PET in conferring resistance to PAs in tpo knockouts a CF of tpop in transport of polyamines across the plasma membrane seemed to be likely the polyamine transport activity of wild type cells was compared with the respective activity of a tpo KO strain the results obtained strongly suggest that tpop is a plasma membranebound exporter involved in the detoxification of excess SD in yeast when studying polyamine transport of wild type cells we furthermore found that s cerevisiae is excreting putrescine during the fermentative growth phase

combination vaccines have been shown to improve the timeliness of vaccination and vaccine coverage safety and reactogenicity of combined diphtheriatetanusacellular pertussisinactivated poliovirus and Hib dtpaipvhib infanrix ipvhib glaxosmithkline biologicals was assessed in two clinical studies in T0 a subjects received dtpaipvhib at and months of age with a booster at months in study b subjects received the same schedule but with dtpahepatitis bipvhib dtpahbvipvhib infanrix hexa glaxosmithkline biologicals vaccine po at months of age reactogenicity was assessed for four days after each dose using diary cards serious AEs saes were assessed until months of age the vaccines were well tolerated after primary vaccination irritability was the most frequently reported grade GA symptom of doses in both studies fever axillary degrees c was infrequent of doses in study a of doses in study b T3 the booster dose the most frequently reported grade symptom was redness in T0 a and pain in T0 b an axillary temperature degrees c was reported in of subjects throughout the T0 period saes were reported of which saes were considered to be vaccinationrelated the reactogenicity and safety profile of the combined dtpaipvhib vaccine was good when used for primary and booster vaccinations in over singaporean infants substitution of dtpaipvhib with dtpahbvipvhib at month reduced the number of i.v. required at this age by one

bronchography results were studied in cases between the ages of and years in each case the mucolytic agent carbocysteine was used to increase the effectiveness of postural drainage prior to bronchography insufficient filling of the bronchial tree occurred in only one case these results suggest that carbocysteine increases the effectiveness of PD prior to bronchography and indicates the need for further careful controlled studies

chloride ions are essential for proper function of the photosynthetic OEC oec of photosystem ii ps ii although proposed to be directly ligated to the mn cluster of the oec the TPS structural and mechanistic roles of chloride remain unresolved this T0 utilizes XAS xas to characterize the mncl interaction in inorganic compounds that contain structural motifs similar to those proposed for the oec three sets of model compounds are examined they possess core structures mnivox xcl f or oh that contain a dimicrooxo and two monomicrooxo bridges or mnivox xcl f oh oac that contain a dimicrooxo bridge each set of EDC is examined for changes in the xas spectra that are attributable to the replacement of a terminal oh or f ligand or bridging oac ligand by a terminal cl ligand the xray absorption near edge structure xanes shows changes in the spectra on replacement of oh oac or f by cl ligands that are indicative of the overall charge of the metal atom and are consistent with the electronegativity of the ligand atom fourier transforms fts of the EXAFS exafs spectra reveal a feature that is present only in EDC where chloride is directly ligated to mn these ft features were simulated using various calculated mnx interactions xo n cl f and the best fits were found when a mncl interaction at a a bond distance was included there are very few highvalent mn halide complexes that have been synthesized and it is important to make such a comparative T0 of the xanes and exafs spectra because they have the potential for providing information about the possible presence or absence of halide ligation to the mn cluster in ps ii

the humoral immune response to HIV-1 hiv was studied in aids patients with cd lymphocyte counts of less than mm humoral immune responses against TC adapted strains of hiv and two limitedpassage patient isolates were investigated total antihiv antibody levels were not significantly different between different individuals NT titres against hivla and hivsf were to fold higher than against clinical isolates the complementmediated ADE of hiv infection titre was high mean antibodycomplement mediated cytotoxicity of both hivla and hivsf was ineffective using human complement as a complement source the antibodydependent cellmediated cytotoxicity adcc activity varied against the four isolates with tissue cultureadapted strains being more susceptible than clinical isolates finally an adcc effector cell CF NK killer or nk activity was measured for all patients and nk activity of patients was decreased by nearly compared to uninfected individuals in summary beneficial humoral immune responses are low in hiv INF individuals with cd counts of less than mm if the in vitro CA system is constructed to best mimic the in vivo situation these results suggest that the lack of functional antibody responses to hiv may play an important role in viral pathogenesis

placental homeostasis is critical for fetal development as it determines the health of mother and fetus during pregnancy and in later life interestingly even the fetus in a sexually dimorphic manner influences the pedantic growth and development of placenta although placenta is thought to act as a protective barrier against chemical exposures certain EDC edcs that are circulating in mothers blood tend to cross placenta these edcs have been reported to cause changes in expression levels of certain genes immunogenic factors and noncoding rnas such as micro rna mirna and long noncoding rna lncrna leading to placental stress we hypothesize that these changes in placenta occur in a sexually dimorphic manner as a result of interaction between edc SE and fetal sex therefore we propose that the ability of placenta to respond and buffer edc exposure depends on fetal sex and hence the edc associated disease susceptibility of one sex differs from the other

we describe the production immunochemical and immunohistochemical characterization of monoclonal antibodies mabs raised against the oncofetal SI mucin antigen sima four mabs reacting with distinct neuraminidasesensitive sima epitopes were shown to define a novel differentiationassociated relationship of sima epitopes within the normal small intestinal villus using swiss rolls of entire CC resections inappropriate expression of sima epitopes was detected in all cancers in adjacent TM and remote morphologically NM extending as far as resection margins sima expression whether preexisting or reactive to the RT may predispose to malignant NC and RT recurrence

the digital rectal exam dre serum prostate TPS antigen psa level and TRUS trus serve as the primary means of early detection of prostate CA but all have known limitations because of the low predictive value for the gray scale detection of prostate cancer with trus attempts have been made to improve the diagnostic accuracy of trus by incorporating CDI cdi into the standard examination with cdi the sonographer has the ability to investigate both normal and abnormal flow within the prostate gland recent studies have supported the ability of cdi to detect vascularity in tumors that otherwise were not detectable with conventional gray scale trus which suggests the potential for increase tumor detection in the following article the ratio and SD cell lines specifically expressing each receptor subtype were isolated treatment of these cells with angiotensin ii ang ii resulted in translocation of surface receptors to intracellular LDV together with a reduction in surface IB of sarileang ii the agonistinduced internalization of ata and atb receptors was not inhibited by the ST nor mimicked by the phorbol ester PMA acetate similar results were obtained with cultured rat vascular smooth muscle cells expressing predominantly wildtype ata receptors these results suggest that both ata and atb receptors are internalized after agonist stimulation by a pkcindependent mechanism

under the dynamic conditions of pulsatile flow the forces exerted by the fluid on the vessel wall create considerable displacements and stresses within the thickness of the vessel wall we review a series of analytical options for exploring the dynamics of the vessel wall specifically displacements and stresses within the depth of the vessel wall under a range of conditions including the degree of external tethering and the mechanical consistency of the wall material it is shown that one of the most important effects of tethering is that of drastically restricting radial displacements of and within the vessel wall this restriction in turn places limits on the length and speed of the propagating wave specifically the wave speed is significantly reduced as a result of tethering this has important consequences because the wave speed or PP wave velocity as it is referred to in the clinical setting is used as an index of vascular stiffening in relation to aging or age related hypertension it is found further that the extent of displacements and shear s frequent etiologies of chronic back pain and is a L1 public health issue neurostimulation has currently not been validated in the treatment of back pain because of technological limitations in implantable SCS scs systems newgeneration leads using several columns of stimulation can generate longitudinal andor transverse stimulation fields into the spinal cord

a prospective study of consecutive patients with congenital AC treated endoscopically is reported there were female and male patients the mean age at the time of diagnosis was years days to years arachnoid cysts were located in the suprasellar region in patients the SF in the quadrigeminal cistern in and the PF in endoscopic fenestration was combined with cystoperitoneal shunting for temporal cysts and with ventriculoperitoneal shunting in suprasellar cyst mean postoperative followup was years range years followup imaging studies showed that AC were obliterated T3 endoscopic procedures longterm clinical results were good in all patients although the cysts of patients were not reduced in size there was no mortality or morbidity we conclude that endoscopic procedures may be a promising alternative to microsurgical operations or shunting for the treatment of arachnoid cysts

with the recent advance in immunohistochemical and moleculargenetic techniques all of the components of the reninangiotensin system ras have been shown to exist in the vascular tissue of various animal species as well as in humans the authors group previously reported that angiotensin ii aii was generated in the MES arteries of several exp rat models V1 aii generation appears to be regulated independently of circulating renin levels as suggested by the expression of tissuespecific angiotensinogen mrna in the CS of recent reports that aldosterone may be synthesized in the cultured EC cells from BAEC and that betahydroxysteroid dehydrogenase betahsd plays a key role in determining the specificity in MRs activity in various mineralocorticoidresponsive tissues the author wishes to review the studies carried out by colleagues on the production of aldosterone with its precursor steroids and enzyme expression for aldosterone synthesis in the blood vessels as the components of the vascular autoparacrine system the first part of the present paper is summarized as follows with northern blotting and rtpcr of the rna which was prepared from rat arterial tissue or cultured human arterial smooth muscle cells smc the expression of mineralo and glucocorticoid receptors was confirmed the V1 production of aldosterone and corticosterone from the rat MES i.a. was demonstrated in analyzing the arterial perfusates using a hplc and gcms moreover in this ex vivo experiment the production of aldosterone in the vasculature was found to be partially controlled by angiotensin ii generated locally it was clearly demonstrated using an rtpcr method for the first time that CYP11B2 cytochrome paldo c or c mo cyp b messenger rna is expressed in the cultured EC cells ec from human pulmonary i.a. from these data the author would like to propose the concept of a vascular reninangiotensinaldosterone system under which paracrinaly produced lergic rhinitis are reported in workers engaged in the production of beneficial arthropods the subjects suffered from attacks of asthma and rhinitis when they came into contact with eggs and scales or waste of chrysoperla carnea leptinotarsa decemlineata ostrinia nubilalis and ephestia kuehniella these attacks occurred after an average SE period of months a rast test prepared by lofarma was carried out on subjects serum against the abovementioned allergens and was positive in all symptomatic subjects of and negative in the others this demonstrates ige direct sensitization mediated by CR antigens

peripheral neuropathy is a L1 cause of disability worldwide diabetes is the most common cause of neuropathy accounting for of cases over half of people with diabetes develop neuropathy and DPN dpn is a L1 cause of reduced SQ of life due to pain sensory loss gait instability fallrelated injury and foot ulceration and amputation most patients with nondiabetic neuropathy have cryptogenic sensory peripheral neuropathy cspn a growing body of literature links prediabetes obesity and metabolic syndrome to the risk of both dpn and cspn this association might be particularly strong in type diabetes patients there are no effective medical treatments for cspn or dpn and aggressive glycemic control is an ERP RPA to neuropathy risk reduction only in type diabetes several studies suggest lifestylebased treatments that integrate dietary counseling with exercise might be a promising therapeutic approach to early dpn in type diabetes and cspn associated with prediabetes obesity and metabolic syndrome

the aim of this T0 was to determine the relative utility of various preoperative diagnostic imaging modalities for the DUE of benign schwannoma including positron emission tomography pet utilising FDG fdg and fluorine alphamethyl tyrosine fmt computed tomography ct magnetic resonance imaging mri and DS angiography dsa we retrospectively reviewed imaging findings in patients with histopathologically documented benign schwannomas of the extremities preoperative imaging included fdgpet n fmtpet n mri n ct n and dsa n all lesions examined by pet with fdg andor fmt showed accumulation the standardised uptake values suvs for fdgpet for the examined tumours ranged from to and eight of them were assessed as malignant on the basis of their uptake the suvs for fmt ranged from to and out of the evaluated showed values indicating the tumour to be benign ct demonstrated variable attenuation and CE mri signal characteristics were relatively consistent isosignal or darker than skeletal muscle on tweighted and isosignal or brighter than subcutaneous fat on tweighted images the venous tumour staining depicted on dsa was found to be significantly correlated with fdg accumulation all tumours but one were treated by surgical enucleation one tumour suspected to be malignant on the basis of imaging findings was treated with primary wide resection although ct mri and pet studies are all useful for the PCD and localisation of schwannoma our findings suggest that among the imaging modalities studied fmtpet may be the most reliable technique for the differentiation of benign schwannoma from malignancy

one hundred men between the age of and admitted to ain shams specialized hospital and el demerdash hospital cairo and to the saudi german hospital saudi arabia between november and december were randomized to undergo either open or laparoscopic appendicectomy both groups were compared in terms of clinical parameters duration of anaesthesia operative time duration of ileus and length of hospital stay the histologic confirmation of appendicitis was present in in both groups laparoscopic appendectomy required significantly longer anaesthetic time T2 versus and operating time minutes versus compared with OA no significant difference was noticed between laparoscopic and OA groups in the recovery of bowel function hours versus and in the length of hospital stay days versus the result showed no significant advantages of laparoscopic appendectomy over OA for the treatment of male patients with suspected appendicitis

the properties of k channels activated by k channel openers NIC cromakalim pinacidil etc were investigated using conventional microelectrode and patchclamp methods in single smooth muscle cells of the rat and rabbit portal veins k channel openers produced an outward current CS to glibenclamide ap and tea mm but insensitive to apamin and charybdotoxin glibenclamidesensitive k channels in both tissues had a small unitary conductance ps and ps and were inhibited by intracellular atp the activity of the ps channel in the rabbit portal vein was not changed by an increase in the [Ca(2+)](i) but the activity of the ps channel in the rat portal vein was markedly modified by ca concentration these results coincided with previous observations using a conventional microelectrode and wholecell voltageclamp experiments in the insideout membrane patch the ps channel in the rat portal vein was activated by the application of k channel openers while the ps channel in the rabbit portal vein was rapidly inactivated even in the presence of k channel openers gdp but neither gtp gamma s nor gdp beta s reopened the ps channel in the presence of k channel openers these results suggested that the ps channel had two channel states that is both operative and inoperative states while the ps channel did not have an inoperative state the k channel openers open the atpsensitive k channel only at the operative stateabstract truncated at words

in view of the connection which exists between premature birth and placental insufficiency and the means which are available for determining the respiratory performance of the FPU by way of CTG the authors investigated the incidence of prepathological findings in the fetal HR frequency parameters for cases of imminent premature delivery before during and after intravenous tocolysis and for normal pregnancies between the th and th week the greater number of prepathological cardiotocograms oscillation amplitude and frequency periodic acceleration and deceleration found at the beginning of a trend toward premature delivery beginning with the th week of pregnancy confirms the assumption of a restricted respiratory CF of the FPU this restriction is however slight the increase which is observed in these changes particularly during up to days of intravenous tocolysis in the thth week of pregnancy and which continues T3 the end of intravenous therapy in the further course of pregnancy is not seen as a result of the effect of betamimetics the latter obviously do not succeed in positively influencing RI in the event of imminent premature delivery neither the CTG findings from the beginning of the therapy nor later results permit conclusions to be drawn with regard to its possible success on the other hand a prepathological finding especially where this occurs immediately before delivery suggests possible larger disturbances of respiratory performance intrapartum and problems with neonatal adaptation

in a retrospective T0 total antimicrobial decontamination with strict reverse isolation itd and SD without isolation sd were compared as means of preventing infection in patients with AL thirty patients were treated with itd and patients with sd the surveillance cultures indicated that aerobic GNB and yeast could be equally eliminated effectively in both the CG the anaerobic flora was only minimally influenced by sd the incidence of acquired infections was per patient in group itd as compared to in group sd in group itd acquired bacterial infections found between kallikrein and UV or UNaV and potassium in our experiments no relationship between the activity of the reninangiotensin system and that of the renal kallikreinkinin system was observed furthermore no clear relationship was found between systemic blood pressure and the activity of the renal kallikreinkinin system

human thyroid cells are resistant to lysis by the rat membrane attack complex by immunohistochemical IF we here show that normal thyroid cells and those in GD and hashimotos thyroiditis express two membrane attack complexinhibiting proteins cd antigen and membrane attack complexinhibiting proteinhomologous restriction factor miphrf in vitro the expression of both molecules was enhanced by interleukin il tumour CN factor tnf and interferongamma Th1 and cytokinetreated thyroid cells were more resistant to lysis by homologous complement blocking experiments with monoclonal antibodies against cd antigen and miphrf showed that both molecules contributed but cd antigen was the more important in mediating resistance to complement attack expression of these proteins may be an important determinant of the severity of tissue injury produced by complementfixing thyroid peroxidase antibodies in ATD

in this issue of cell lemoine et al monitor CIN in yeast cells with reduced C2 of an essential replicative dna polymerase the authors identify a hotspot for chromosome aberrations reminiscent of fragile sites in human cells this hotspot is composed of inverted ty elements which lead to a doublestrand break under conditions of limited replication

ki is a monoclonal antibody raised against a HD diseasederived cell line that in biopsy tissue affected by hodgkins disease reacts selectively with reedsternberg cells the expression of ki antigen has been analyzed by immunocytochemical techniques in a wide range of human tissue and cell samples including fetal tissue malignant lymphomas cases and mitogen and virustransformed peripheral blood lymphocytes the antigen was detectable on a variable proportion of cells in all cases of lymphomatoid papulosis and angioimmunoblastic lymphadenopathy and in of the cases of IP t cell lymphomas including lymphoepithelioid lymphomas it was also expressed more strongly on RT cells in cases of diffuse largecell lymphoma most of which had originally been diagnosed as MH or anaplastic carcinoma because of their bizarre morphology however all of these cases lacked macrophage and epithelial antigens thirtyfive cases expressed t cellrelated antigens associated in nine cases with the coexpression of b cellrelated antigens seven bore b cellrelated antigens CT and three were devoid of t and b cell markers dna hybridization with a jh specific probe showed a germline configuration in cases of t cell phenotype in two cases lacking t and b cell antigens and in one case of mixed tb phenotype while rearrangement was found in two cases of clear b cell type and in one mixed tb case expression of the ki antigen could be induced together with interleukin il receptor on normal lymphoid cells of both t and b cell type by SE to phytohemagglutinin human t one viruses epsteinbarr virus or staphylococcus aureus the results obtained indicate that ki antigen is an inducible lymphoidassociated molecule that identifies a group of hitherto poorly characterized normal and neoplastic large lymphoid cells tumors comprised solely of these cells show both morphological and immunological similarities to the neoplastic cells in HD disease this suggests that both disorders represent the neoplastic proliferation of activated lymphoid cells of either t cell or less commonly b cell origin disorders in which only a minority of cells express ki antigen lymphomatoid papulosis angioimmunoblastic lymphadenopathy and certain t cell lymphomas probably represent lesions in which only some of the abnormal cells have transformed into an activation state in direct support of this view is the finding that the ki expression in these lesions is accompanied by the expression of hladr and il receptors

the purpose of this research was to investigate whether pathways in the dorsal part of the lateral spinal funiculus dlf can compensate for loss of CS input cst to the spinal cord the cst is known to control skilled limb movements in rats the dlf contains several different pathways including the RS tract rst which is also thought to influence limb movements T3 lesions of either the CS or the rubrospinal system it is unclear how much of the remaining forelimb function is due to the presence of the alternate pathway to begin to address this issue the present study investigates the compensatory role of pathways in the dlf including the RS tract T3 BL lesions of the pyramidal tract pt we initially performed bilateral pt lesions in rats which effectively removed the cst input to the spinal cord we tested these rats during overground locomotion skilled locomotion and skilled forelimb usage T3 a week recovery period we then performed bilateral dlf lesions and compared the behavioural abilities of these rats to those of animals which underwent simultaneous pt and dlf lesions if dlf pathways do compensate for pt lesions then animals with pt lesions would rely more on dlf pathways than animals without pt lesions thus we hypothesized that animals with dlf lesions which were performed weeks after pt lesions would exhibit more deficits on several behavioural tasks compared to animals which received pt and dlf lesions simultaneously our hypothesis was supported only for skilled pellet retrieval hence some dlf pathways including the rst were able to compensate for loss of cst input during skilled reaching but not during overground or skilled locomotion in ptlesioned rats these differential responses suggest that behavioural tasks vary in their reliance on specific pathways after injury and furthermore that compensation for loss of specific connections can arise from numerous sources

studies have been carried out on the synapses in the cerebral cortex of rat by using impregnation with ethanolic solution of PTA contrast staining with ruthenium red and impregnation with bismuth iodide with or without subsequent UA and lead citrate staining it has been established that dense projections are adequately visualized with methods demonstrating basic chemical groups PTA and Bi iodide whereas the synaptic vesicles are stained by techniques demonstrating acid chemical groups ruthenium red and uranyl acetate and lead citrate on the basis of these observations a hypothesis is forwarded concerning the mechanisms of migration of SVs towards the presynaptic membrane measurements of the parameters of the dense projections suggest that the configuration of the presynaptic vesicular grid is not uniform along the presynaptic Az

we examined patterns of genetic variance and covariance in two traits i carbon SD isotope ratio deltac dehydration avoidance and ii time to flowering drought escape both of which are putative adaptations to local water availability greenhouse screening of genotypes of arabidopsis thaliana native to habitats spanning a wide range of climatic conditions revealed a highly significant positive genetic correlation between deltac and flowering time studies in a range of c annuals have also reported C1 positive correlations suggesting the presence of a genetically based tradeoff between mechanisms of dehydration avoidance deltac and drought escape early flowering we examined the contribution of pleiotropy by using a combination of mutant and nearisogenic lines to test for positive mutational covariance between deltac and flowering time ecophysiological mutants generally showed variation in deltac but not flowering time however flowering time mutants generally demonstrated pleiotropic effects consistent with NK variation mutations that caused later flowering also typically resulted in less negative deltac and thus probably higher water use efficiency we found strong evidence for pleiotropy using nearisogenic lines of frigida and FLC cloned loci known to be responsible for NK variation in flowering time these data suggest the correlated evolution of deltac and flowering time is explained in part by the fixation of pleiotropic alleles that alter both deltac and time to flowering

modern rectal CA treatment began in the th century however initial results of the pioneer surgeons were very poor during the next several decades significant progress was made towards the cure of rectal CA improvements have included lowering mortality reducing recurrence and optimizing functional outcomes this article reviews the individuals and their advancements in RC treatment it describes the changes in the surgical RPA for RT resection the study of the lymphatic spread of rectal cancer and the advances in sphincter preservation procedures from the era of blunt dissection until the paradigm changing revolution of TME

effectiveness of three methods of olfactory ED or impairment was tested by means of unconditioned cardiac acceleration in response to odorous stimuli occlusion of nostrils reduced CS- intensity to approx of the level in unimpeded state capability of CS- quantification remained unimpaired BL ON section and backward bending of the nerve stumps irreversibly eliminated responses to weaker stimuli with higher concentrations of the odorant pigeons responded at a reduced level most likely due to trigeminal reception spraying the nasal cavities with an anaesthetic largely abolished sensitivity to odorous stimuli however its effect was quite variable depending on the kind of application which cannot be fully standardized the time course of effectiveness is shown the relevance of these findings to experiments on pigeon homing is discussed conclusions on involvement of unspecified nonolfactory stimuli can only be drawn if methods are applied that reliably isolate the birds from airborne environmental odours

the EU group generally agrees with the american guidelines on the issue of the indications for additional surgery in patients with recurrence of MTC the discussions have been focused mainly on the postoperative followup where some european experts feel that a postoperative calcitoninstimulating test is of some importance in assigning the patient to the cured or noncured group immediately after surgery a part of the european group feels that a negative calcitoninstimulating test might lead to a less intensive followup in the late followup of these patients

PTC TC ptc is associated with an excellent prognosis but frequently spreads to regional lymph NO the extent of neck dissection particularly routine level ii or v lymphadenectomy is still controversial as it may lead to SAN injury and associated postoperative morbidities we assessed the diagnostic value of preoperative ultrasonography ulute bioavailability after intranasal administration of buspirone mucoadhesive microemulsion increased significantly and plasma concentration peaked at min the aucbrain was times that obtained T3 intravenous administration a high BB targeting efficiency and a direct nose to brain transport confirmed the direct nose to BB transport of buspirone following nasal administration of the microemulsions

we recently reported that the activation of nfkappab and ap was suppressed in monocytes infected with measles virus but not in infected epithelial cells this celltypespecific suppression of the inflammatory response represents a potential for measles virus to evade host immune system in the current T0 we examined the suppression mechanism of lipopolysaccharide lpsinduced namely tolllike receptor tlrmediated activation of nfkappab and ap in measles virusinfected monocytic cells in the infected cells lps treatment failed to induce the formation of active protein IKK containing tak tab and TN factor receptorassociated factor traf dissociate from tlr complexes containing interleukin receptorassociated kinase irak ubiquitinmodifying enzyme a which is a hosfeyear currently accepted thresholds have been determined arbitrarily studies that screened hundreds of costeffectiveness analyses have found that the most commonly used threshold is us for an additional qaly SQ adjusted lifeyear this figure reflects the estimated cost per qaly to the us medicare plan for funding a dialysis treatment for patients with chronic renal failure while healthcare systems throughout the world as in israel have not explicitly declared using a TPS threshold for coverage decisions some countries use an implicit threshold above which the decision would usually be negative in the uk and australia for instance the implicit threshold is us to us per qaly there are several suggestions to set a differential threshold value between countries associated with their relative wealth or between diverse disease and treatment characteristics eg higher thresholds for lifesaving treatments advantages of setting an explicit threshold include improved transparency and consistency of decisions improved social equity and enhanced public credibility drawbacks might be the creation of an excessively mechanical decisionmaking process without consideration of other relevant variables such as severity of disease existence of alternatives or the economic burden to the patient adoption of a flexible threshold approach in which the threshold is not the exclusive criterion for decisionmaking might resolve these weaknesses utilization of the threshold concept is likely to expand in the coming years

validated outcome instruments were used to compare treatment outcomes of carpal tunnel syndrome cts in workers compensation and nonworkers compensation patients a selfadministered questionnaire consisting of the generic MOS SF-36 health survey sf and the diseasespecific carpal tunnel syndrome SF-36 was mailed to patients randomly selected from all new patients treated for cts during a year period a total of patients WC and nonworkers compensation responded to the survey mean months T3 the initiation of treatment yielding a response rate of workers compensation patients had worse mean scores than nonworkers compensation patients in of the sf scales and in the carpal tunnel syndrome instrument scales but validating MVA could not verify significant score differences in any of the scales thus this study could not demonstrate VPI treatment outcomes of cts in workers compensation patients as measured by standardized generic and diseasespecific outcome instruments

the visual system can use a rich variety of contours to segment visual scenes into distinct perceptually coherent regions however successfully segmenting an image is a computationally expensive process previously we have shown that exogenous attentionthe more automatic stimulusdriven component of spatial attentionhelps extract contours by enhancing contrast sensitivity for secondorder texturedefined patterns at the attended location while reducing sensitivity at unattended locations relative to a neutral condition interestingly the effects of exogenous attention depended on the secondorder SF of the CS- at parafoveal locations attention enhanced secondorder contrast sensitivity to relatively high but not to low secondorder spatial frequencies in the present T0 we investigated whether endogenous attentionthe more voluntary conceptuallydriven component of spatial attentionaffects secondorder contrast sensitivity and if so whether its effects are similar to those of exogenous attention to that end we compared the effects of exogenous and endogenous attention on the sensitivity to secondorder orientationdefined texture patterns of either high or low secondorder spatial frequencies the results show that like exogenous attention endogenous attention enhances secondorder contrast sensitivity at the attended location and reduces it at unattended locations however whereas the effects of exogenous attention are a CF of the secondorder SF content endogenous attention affected secondorder contrast sensitivity independent of the secondorder SF content this finding supports the notion that both exogenous and endogenous attention can affect secondorder contrast sensitivity but that endogenous attention is more flexible benefitting performance under different conditions

this T0 examines the effects of age on plasma norepinephrine ne responses to upright posture and isometric HG exercise in nonobese men increasing age was associated with increased basal levels of plasma ne as well as increased ne responses to upright posture these results suggest that aging affects sympathetic system activity by mechanisms largely independent of the increasing adiposity generally associated with aging

IVH ivh needs hour infusion everyday without an interruption insulin and glucagon are not physiologically secreted metabolic rhythm in the body is changed protein synthesis and NB may be disturbed for improvement of the metabolic disturbance in ivh intermittent intraportal hyperalimentation was investigated eight beagles weighed about kg and mongrel dogs weighed kg were used glucose and amino acids were given gkg and gkg respectively those were infused into the portal vein for hours every day during the next hours infusion was not performed at all fat was intravenously given gkg as w/o/w every day the C2 of insulin and glucagon in the portal vein and the uptake rate of glucose and amino acids in the CL were investigated during administration of the nutrients after days the dogs were sacrificed and pathological examination was performed insulin and glucagon C2 were almost physiologically changed the uptake rate of amino acids into the CL was a high level of in spite of low level of in nonprotein calorie to nitrogen ratio nitrogen balance remained in mgkgday the body weight increased by on the average p less than and the SS protein levels significantly increased p less than in one out of dogs minute thrombosis and slight sclerosis of the portal vein were found the liver showed no histological changes in conclusion the intermittent portal hyperalimentation seems to be a possible and excellent method of nutrition

the wiskottaldrich syndrome was is a primary xid disease caused by mutations of the wiskottaldrich syndrome protein wasp gene the present molecular studies of six japanese was patients identified five different mutations of wasp including two novel mutations delg insggagat the latter appearing to have occurred de novo familial carriers were detected by polymerase chain reactionsingle strand conformational polymorphism analysis RE digestion and direct sequencing of pcr products neither mrna nor the p21 were detectable in any of the patients while various amounts of wasp protein were expressed in carriers normal controls haematopoietic cell lines of all lineages and in one patient after receiving allogeneic bone marrow transplantation conclusion genetic and protein analysis is useful in the definite diagnosis and follow up of WAS patients and in carrier detection especially of atypical or sporadic patients

adult male rats were used to compare blood gases ph and body temperature tb before and T3 acute BL phrenicotomy under anaesthesia a FA was catheterised and ties were placed round the phrenic SN of seven rats pnx group while in five rats the ties were placed in the vicinity of the phrenic SN sham group twentyfour hours T3 surgery arterial blood samples were collected during quiet wakefulness qw and grooming g before and h T3 the ties were pulled and analysed for po pco and ph no changes were detected in the sham samples taken before and T3 the ties were pulled in the pnx group a significant decrease in tb occurred qw degrees c g degrees c following pnx pao decreased by mmhg qw and mmhg g paco increased by mmhg qw and mmhg g and ph fell by qw and g all changes except in paco qw were significant it is concluded that the changes in tb blood gases and ph which follow phrenicottion until antihbe becomes reactive significantly p interferon without steroid withdrawal and adenine arabinoside with steroid withdrawal shortened the hbeag positive interval only p among patients characteristics female and advanced liver histology were favorable factors effects of treatment protocols were analyzed after averaging each parameter of the patients characteristics interferon and ara-A with steroid withdrawal shortened the hbeagpositive interval significantly p and p respectively and interferon alone showed a tendency to shorten the interval in particular interferon with SW increased the chance of losing hbeag times more than control the effectiveness of antiviral treatment on CHB especially the priority of interferon with steroid withdrawal was thought to be established through this study

TV promotion of FP and clinic CS in three cities of nigeriailorin ibadan and enuguplayed a significant role in in increasing the number of new acceptors at FP clinics in each city family planning skits prepared with advice and support from the local service providers were included in existing popular entertainment shows questions asked in a recall survey among the exposed population in enugu and ibadan revealed that about half of those surveyed in both cities had seen the TV episodes of those who had watched and percent respectively recalled the family planning messages and and percent respectively recalled TPS clinic CS mentioned following the media promotion the number of new cli of episodes of endodontic PT pain that required analgesic intervention it appears from the results of this T0 that the PT prophylactic use of DF is significantly more ERP than the ondemand usage of DF in reducing endodontic PT pain for onevisit endodontic therapy with all types of originally asymptomatic endodontic conditions further studies are necessary to determine whether pretreatment prophylactic deflunisal would be more effective and also the effectiveness of prophylactic DF in reducing posttreatment pain in presenting symptomatic cases and for cases treated in multiple visits

seemingly contradicting results raised a debate over the ability of dna to transport charge and the nature of the conduction mechanisms through it we developed an experimental RPA for measuring current through dna molecules chemically connected on both ends to a metal ATP and to a gold nanoparticle by using a conductive AFM many samples could be made because of the experimental RPA adopted here which enabled us to obtain reproducible results with various samples conditions and measurement methods we present multileveled evidence for charge transport through bplong dsdna of a complex CS characterized by sshaped currentvoltage curves that show currents na at v this significant observation implies that a coherent or band transport mechanism takes over for bias potentials leading to high currentst the septum pellucidum is made of two layers and that a potential space exists between these layers caution is recommended when injecting a singlehole VVI catheter if the tip is against the septum pellucidum

we describe a neonate with digeorge syndrome undergoing diagnosis and successful repair of interrupted RAA and origin of the LPA from the aorta we discuss a link between this lesion and persistence of a left fifth arch

members of the marigold genus of flowering plants the genus tagetes which synthesize and accumulate thiophene EDC in their roots were investigated as potential sources of bacteria able to degrade substituted thiophn Rd was lower during all three steps p HGP declined proportionally to plasma gl concentration to a similar extent in all four CG of patients in control subjects hyperglycaemia stimulated glucose oxidation mumolkgmin only at mmoll p while nonoxidative glucose metabolism increased at each hyperglycaemic step and mumolkgmin all p in diabetic patients no increment in glucose oxidation was elicited even at the highest hyperglycaemic plateau iddm niddm mumolkgmin and nonoxidative glucose metabolism was hampered iddm and niddm and mumolkgmin p blood lactate concentration increased and plasma nonesterified fatty acid nefa fell in control p but not in NIDDM the increments in blood lactate were correlated with the increase in nonoxidative glucose disposal and with the decrease in plasma nefa

the interaction between malignant cell growth and the coagulation and fibrinolysis system has been a well known phenomenon for decades during recent years this area of research has received new attention exp data suggest a role for the coagulation and fibrinolysis system in tumor OD progression and metastasis also clinical research suggests that targeting the coagulation system or fibrinolysis system might influence the course of malignant disease beneficially this paper reviews data on various hemostatic and fibrinolytic parameters in malignancy the possible use of such parameters as risk markers in oncology patients and possible targets of antineoplastic therapies using anticoagulant andor antifibrinolytic strategies current evidence suggests that the tissue factorfactor viia pathway mediates the most abundant procoagulant stimulus in malignancy via the increase in thrombin generation tissue factor has been suggested to mediate prometastatic properties via coagulationdependent and coagulationindependent pathways tissue factor has also been implicated in tumor neoangiogenesis however so far no MM has been validated that would allow the use of tissue factor in its soluble or insoluble form as a marker for risk stratification in RT patients on the other hand there is now good evidence that parts of the fibrinolytic system such as uPA and its receptor upar can be used as strong predictors of outcome in several types of cancer specifically breast CA observation of various treatment options in patients with TED and CA as well as attempts to use anticoagulants andor therapies modulating the fibrinolytic system as antineoplastic treatment strategies have yielded exciting results these data indicate that anticoagulant therapy and specifically low molecular weight heparin therapy is likely to have antineoplastic effects and that their use in addition to chemotherapy will probably improve outcome of RT treatment in certain types of cancer however the body of clinical data is still relatively small and the question whether or not we should routinely consider the coagulation andor fibrinolysis system as therapeutic targets in CA patients is yet to be answered

CAA analyses using hplc of pristine interior pieces of the ci carbonaceous chondrites orgueil and ivuna have found that betaalanine glycine and gammaaminonbutyric acid aba are the most abundant amino acids in these two meteorites with concentrations ranging from approximately to parts per billion ppb other alphaamino acids such as alanine alphaaba AIB aib and isovaline are present only in trace amounts ppb carbon isotopic measurements of betaalanine and glycine and the presence of racemic dl approximately alanine and betaaba in orgueil suggest that these amino acids are extraterrestrial in origin in comparison to the cm carbonaceous chondrites murchison and murray the amino acid composition of the cis is strikingly distinct suggesting that these meteorites came from a different type of parent body possibly an extinct comet than did the cm carbonaceous chondrites

qualitative research can be influenced by the researchers role in the T0 here the authors propose reflexive methodologies as a means by which the processes undertaken by the researcher can be made transparent and used as part of the data using this RPA this paper explores the experience of becoming a qualitative research interviewer it provides an account of dilemmas faced while undertaking a series of semistructured interviews as part of a discourse analytic T0 into the practice of CS in a number of MH professions

femnbased top spin valves tafenicofecucofefemnta with different cu and femn layers thicknesses were prepared by dc magnetron sputtering at room temperature it was shown that low field hysteresis due to free SL magnetization reversal can be reduced down to divided by oe keeping the gmr ratio higher by using both layers thicknesses optimization and noncollinear geometry of MR measurements dependence of low field hysteresis and gmr ratio on the angle between applied magnetic field and pinning direction are presented

surveys evaluating plasma lipid goal attainment in patients with coronary heart disease chd show that hypercholesterolemia is inadequately treated cepheus centralized paneuropean survey on the undertreatment of hypercholesterolemiagreece was part of a european multicenter crosssectional survey to evaluate the proportion of patients on lipidlowering drugs llds for or months without dose modifications for at least weeks who reach their lowdensity lipoproteincholesterol ldlc target a total of greek patients comprised the full analysis set fas were smokers while and had a PH of hypertension chd metabolic syndrome and diabetes mellitus respectively of the T0 population reached the third joint european task force tjetf ldlc goals and achieved the updated NCEP adult treatment panel iii ncep atpiii targets hypercholesterolemia is suboptimally managed in greece with almost of patients on llds not reaching the ldlc target

gastric fundic gland polyps fgps occur in two distinct clinicopathological scenarios sporadic and familial APC fap associated fapassociated fgps arise through somatic second hit alterations of the adenomatous polyposis coli apc gene and frequently demonstrate ED am j pathol sporadic fgps in contrast tend to contain betacatenin gene mutations and only infrequently show dysplasia am j pathol however sporadic fgps with dysplasia have not been previously investigated we studied sporadic fgps with surfacefoveolar lowgrade dysplasia or changes indefinite for dysplasia for alterations in the apcbetacatenin pathway using chromosome q allelic loss assays and direct dna sequencing of the mutation cluster region in exon of apc and the phosphorylation region in exon of betacatenin in addition to evaluate for possible additional genetic alterations in fgps all cases were evaluated for microsatellite instability using fluorescentbased amplification of a standard panel of five microsatellite markers alterations in apc were present in seven fgps including two cases with biallelic apc inactivation truncating intragenic mutation plus q allelic loss two cases with apc mutation only and three cases with q allelic loss only in contrast only two fgps contained stabilizing betacatenin mutations all fgps were microsatellite stable these results indicate that sporadic fgps with dysplasiaindefinite for dysplasia are molecularly similar to fapassociated fgps and are dissimilar to the more common sporadic nondysplastic fgps mutations in apc and betacatenin despite occurring in the same genetic pathway show differing bsitive fluoroprobe iodoacetylaminoethylamino naphthalenesulfonic acid iaedans was covalently linked to cys of tnc and free tni peptides were added spr analysis yielded equilibrium dissociation constants for tnc plus ca binding to the CT tni RII peptides tni and tni of nm and nm respectively the apparent association and dissociation rate constants for each interaction were konxms xms and koffxs xs for tni and tni peptides respectively these results were consistent with those obtained by fluorescence spectroscopy analysis kd being equal to nm and nm for tnctni and tnctni respectively interestingly although the inhibitory region peptide tni was observed to bind with an affinity similar to that of tni by fluorescence analysis kdnm its IB was not detected by spr subsequent investigations examining salt effects suggested that the binding mechanism for the GABA region peptide is best characterized by an electrostatically driven fast onrate approximately x to xms and a fast offrate approximately xs taken together the determination of these kinetic rate constants permits a clearer view of the interactions between the tnc and tni proteins of the troponin complex

restriction fragment length polymorphisms rflp analysis using the southern blot technique can be used to recognize copy number R2 of VL number of TRs vntr of conserved core sequences at several regions of the human genome this new class of polymorphisms reveals a high degree of genetic R2 useful for individual ID purposes criticisms against forensic applications of such dna typing data include the limitation of employing hardyweinberg expectation of TT frequencies since several surveys indicate apparent deficiency of heterozygosity or excess homozygosity in comparison with HWE this research postulates an alternative explanation of deficiency of apparent heterozygosity which is caused by the inability to detect extremely smallsized alleles called nondetectable alleles due to the sensitivity of southern gel electrophoresis we show that the presence of nondetectable alleles can produce pseudohomozygosity and their frequencies can be predicted from the observed proportional nu/+ deficiency furthermore in the covert presence of such nondetectable alleles we show that the genecount method provides overestimates of allele frequencies in the sample population and hence the HW predictions of genotype frequencies avoid wrongful bias against suspects in forensic applications of dna typing data applications of this theory to population data on six vntr loci in us caucasians and us blacks suggest that the presence of nondetectable alleles could be the L1 cause of apparent nu/+ deficiency and the current approaches of predicting the population frequency of specific dna phenotypes are practically free of the possible wrongful bias in courtroom applications of dna typing data

despite the global effort against neglected tropical diseases ntds developing countries with middle to low income are still burdened by them vietnam has been undergoing substantial economic growth and urbanization but underprivileged people living in rural and suburban areas are still having little access to public health infrastructure and prope methods one hundred and sixteen AD patients were randomly assigned to receive either midazolam midazolam group n or dexmedetomidine dexmedetomidine group n during spinal anesthesia systolic diastolic and MAPs heart rates peripheral SaO2 and BIS scores were recorded during surgery and ramsay sedation scores and postanesthesia care unit pacu stay were monitored results SH occurred more frequently in the midazolam group p and bradycardia occurred more frequently in the dexmedetomidine group p mean ramsay sedation score was significantly lower in the dexmedetomidine group T3 arrival in the pacu p and pacu stay was significantly longer in the dexmedetomidine group p conclusions bisguided dexmedetomidine sedation can attenuate intraoperative hypotension but induces more bradycardia prolongs pacu stay and delays recovery from sedation in patients during and after spinal anesthesia as compared with midazolam sedation

VCP is a disease that can cause voice disability and aspiration problems expanded polytetrafluoroethylene eptfe goretex has been widely used in cardiovascular and plastic surgery however its biocompatibility and safety have not been established precisely in the larynx in this T0 the biocompatibility and safety of eptfe used in vocal cord medialization in the rabbit larynx were assessed type thyroplasty with goretex was performed on one side of the larynx in eight rabbits a sham procedure was applied on the CL side of their larynx the rabbits were sacrificed T3 months and macroscopic and microscopic tigrade foot the ilizarov method of EF and gradual distraction has been reported as an alternative to conventional techniques previous reviews have concluded that this method can provide satisfactory correction and outcome this study presents a review of resistant clubfeet in patients who had undergone previous surgery treated with ilizarov EF and gradual distraction by of surgeons outcome measures were graded based on CF and presence of residual deformity a excellent painless plantigrade foot with no PET limitations b good plantigrade foot in a patient able to ambulate long distances with mild pain c fair mild residual deformity required bracing andor had some functional limitations but an AS life and d poor significant residual deformity pain and activity limitations radiographic measures of the talocalcaneal and talofirst metatarsal angles were compared preoperatively and postoperatively at an average followup of years range years achieved an excellent result good fair and poor all of the feet graded poor required revision surgery at an average of years postoperatively range years only the talofirst metatarsal angle displayed a clinically and statistically significant correction we conclude that the ilizarov method for treatment of resistant clubfoot deformities results in poor outcome associated with residual or recurrent deformity often requiring revision surgery

the objectives of this study were to evaluate in mild primary HP phpt patients the quality of life qol using the sf questionnaire before and PTX and to detect preoperatively patients who benefit the most from surgery most phpt patients present a mild phpt defined by calcemia ≤ mgdl for these patients there is debate about whether they should be managed with surveillance medical therapy or surgery

upper aerodigestive tract PS are common in patients with obstructive SA osa it remains unclear whether CPAP cpap improves or worsens these otolaryngology PS as therapyrelated SE limit cpap adherence this study aimed to determine if cpap negatively affects voice sinonasal and reflux symptoms of the upper airway case series with planned data collection was performed at an academic otolaryngology sleep center newly diagnosed patients with osa were evaluated before and months T3 initiating cpap therapy data collected included cpap data download reflux symptom index rsi epworth KSS ess voice handicap index vhi sinonasal questionnaire snq and oral dryness visual analog scale vas for the cpapadherent participants the rsi significantly improved with cpap mean rsi p however the vas vhi and snq did not NC T3 months of cpap therapy in a small sample size patientreported voice outcomes vhi and other upper aerodigestive tract symptoms did not worsen with cpap rather cpap therapy was associated with a reduction in reflux symptoms

HOPS is a hereditary disease characterized by congenital deficiency of tissue ALP phosphatase one of its dental features is the shedding of teeth we have experienced a case which was referred to our clinic with the chief complaints of loss and shedding of lower deciduous central incisors and was diagnosed to be highly suspected of hypophosphatasia as a result of hematological examination at the pediatric clinic as a result of close systemic and dental examination and further T0 of changes in the course for two and a half years the following findings were obtained low SS alkaline phosphatase level and hypercalcemia were the systemic findings of the disease there was no delayed ossification in terms of carpal bone age xray cephalography revealed no particular cephalic abnormality except the lack of OD of frontalis and mandibular dental findings comprised marked resorption of upper AM bone in the front teeth area and pronounced instability of front deciduous teeth as for changes in oral PS extraction of a because of pronounced instability was followed by spontaneous shedding of a about one year later a was extracted because of marked instability at the time of this writing a was slightly instable without any abnormality in the other teeth pathohistological study of the extracted teeth disclosed only a little resorption of cement of root apex and dysgonic periodontium without any marked tissue changes

CAC is a common feature of atherosclerosis occurring in of angiographically significant lesions there is recent evidence that CAC is frequent in hemodialysis patients and it has been suggested that this increased incidence may be associated to uremiarelated AF the OD and progression of coronary artery calcification is similar to osteogenesis the aim of this study was to evaluate the relationship between CAC uremiarelated factors and bone histomorphometry in hemodialysis patients

a deficiency of alpha AP has been identified in a female patient with severe and frequent bleeding episodes routine coagulation and platelet assays of the patients plasma were within normal limits however abnormally rapid whole blood or dilute plasma clot lysis times and an abnormal fxiii test in which clots were lysed in the presence of urea or saline suggested an abnormal fibrinolytic system analysis of alpha AP levels by radioimmunoassay revealed less than microgramml AP PET assays indicated an alpha antiplasmin level less than or equal to of normal addition of purified AP to the patients plasma restored its ability to inhibit plasmin in in vitro assays and mixtures of patient plasma with normal plasma did not interfere with the antiplasmin activity of the NP whereas normal platelets contain ng alpha AP platelets platelets from the patient contained of the normal level of antigen analysis of AP PET and antigenic C2 in the plasma of both parents and four siblings of the propositus provided evidence consistent with an autosomal mechanism of inheritance of AP deficiency one sibling appeared to be homozygous and three siblings and the parents were heterozygous for the deficiency two heterozygotes had positive bleeding histories the association of a one disorder with a deficiency of AP emphasizes that lack of regulation of the fibrinolytic system can result in a hemostatic dysfunction

SIS is is one of the most common causes of progressive dysfunctions of the shoulder joint the aim of the T0 was to evaluate the changes in the joints mobility in patients with is and to find correlations between the angular values of particular motion ranges

the results presented here strongly suggest that quantitative EEG and eventrelated potentials are excellent research tools and may be clinically useful as noninvasive monitors of psychotropic drug action and encephalopathies our initial data with acute mild alcohol intoxication show that acute tolerance may be reflected in qeeg but not in p latency since predictably some BB functions may show tolerance and others not these approaches may be useful probes the amplitude of np appears to differentiate alcoholics with and without a history of withdrawal seizures this technique may thus prove useful in determining treatment and monitoring treatment effects in alcohol withdrawal p RL appears to be normal in korsakoffs syndrome unlike in alzheimers disease the combination of the ERPs with neuropsychology and magnetic resonance imaging scans should be invaluable for future research in these patient CG many patients with severe liver disease superficially appear mentally IN the eventrelated potential and QEEG findings we have demonstrated may indicate those at greater risk for alterations in brain SF-36 these techniques may also prove useful in diagnosing other subclinical encephalopathies and further our understanding of the underlying BB pathophysiology

in squirrel monkeys saimiri sciureus horseradish peroxidase was injected into the cortical larynx area within the lower sensorimotor face cortex retrogradely labeled cells were found in a continuous band extending all along the upper bank of the sylvian fissure from brocas area rostrally to the parietal association SC area caudally in addition labeled cells were found in the VL prefrontal cortex orbital SC anterior cingulate gyrus supplementary motor area insula and VPI temporal gyrus subcortically labeled SN were situated in the SI basolateral amygdaloid nucleus lateral and posterior hypothalamus the thalamic nuclei ventralis lateralis ventralis posteromedialis MD CL centralis VPI parafascicularis and pulvinaris the PV gray Rt formation nucl annularis nucl centralis superior bechterew and LC many of these structures are connected with the cortical larynx area reciprocally the possible phonatory role of some of them is discussed

parameters of coagulation and fibrinolysis were investigated in children with type i diabetes mellitus without clinical signs of diabetic angiopathy compared to an age matched non diabetic control group SPA was enhanced plasma C2 for factor viii c von willebrand factor antithrombin iii and cinactivator were elevated alphamacroglobulin was decreased at onset of the disease during remission months these changes reverted to normal alphaantiplasmin decreased T3 months if during partial remission diabetic duration was longer than one year an increase of factor viii c was seen again in comparison to the controls no significant alterations were found for ristocetin cofactor fibrinogen plasminogen and alphaantichymotrypsin it seems likely that changes in plasmatic coagulation fibrinolysis and platelet function during the ON period of diabetes mellitus type i are due to metabolic changes and precede diabetic angiopathy

furosemidebinding proteins were isolated from cholatesolubilized CM of EA RT cells by affinity chromatography using furosemide as ligand solubilized proteins retarded by the affinity material were eluted by furosemide in reducing and denaturing gels the L1 proteins eluted by furosemide were and kda in nonreducing nondenaturing gels homodimers of both polypeptides were found whereas no oligomeric proteins containing both polypeptides were seen it is concluded that the furosemide gel binds two distinct dimeric proteins the isolated proteins were reconstituted into phospholipid LDV and the k transport activity of these LDV was assayed by measurement of rb uptake against a C1 opposing k gradient the reconstituted system was found to contain a k transporting protein which is sensitive to ba like the k channel previously demonstrated to be activated in intact cells T3 cell swelling

optical and epr studies indicate that the iron present in lipoxygenase participates in catalysis addition of LOOH to lipoxygenase causes an increase in abosrbance over the range of to nm which is reversed when LOOH is destroyed upon the addition of linoleic acid under anaerobic conditions lipoxygenase alone exhibits no epr signal but upon addition of LOOH or LA several signals appear addition of LA hydroperoxide results in an epr signal at g approximately equal to accompanied by a small but relatively sharp signal at g approximately equal to under anaerobic conditions the latter is replaced by a broad anisotropic signal around g approximately equal to the appearance of the epr signal at g approximately equal to coincides with the change in the optical spectrum of the enzyme when LA is added under anaerobic conditions a broad anisotropic epr signal around g approximately equal to is observed thus it appears that lipoxygenase can exist in two forms a a resting form with a very weak absorbance in the visible range of the CS spectrum and no epr signal and b an AS form after addition of LOOH with an increased optical absorbance and epr signal at g approximately equal to this observation may be related to the earlier discovery that the lipoxygenase reaction occurs with a lag which can be overcome by addition of product hydroperoxide the epr experiments indicate that lipoxygenase in the active form contains high spin Fe3+ although epr signals in the g approximately equal to region are frequently observed with heme proteins the only nonheme protein other than lipoxygenase reported to show an epr signal in this region is the phenolytic dioxygenase protocatechuate dioxygenase peisach j fujisawa h blumberg w e and hayaishi o fed proc

we performed a systematic study to check whether neurons in the area te the anterior part of IT SC in rhesus monkey regarded as the last stage of the ventral visual pathway could be modulated by AEP stimuli two fixating rhesus monkeys were presented with visual AEP or combined AV stimuli while neuronal responses were recorded we have found that the visually CS neurons are also modulated by AV stimuli this modulation is manifested as the change of response rate our results have shown also that the visual SN were responsive to the sole auditory stimuli therefore the concept of inferotemporal cortex unimodality in information processing should be reevaluated

toxicological comparisons were made of three commercial cigarettes namely marlboro full flavor marlboro lights and marlboro ultra lights with the rf reference cigarette the main comparison was a d inhalation T0 with MS smoke at mg TPM per cubic meter in SDRs using hd and dw exposures the principal endpoint was histopathology of the RT along with examinations of free lung cell counts after BAL lavage additional studies on MS smoke included salmonella mutagenicity cytotoxicity of particulate and gasvapor phases and analytical chemistry the exposures produced effectively the same responses in each of the four CG and the histopathology results in the commercial cigarette groups were also effectively the same the rf was also tested at and mgm and most of the histopathology results obtained here showed DR relationships the free lung cell responses were similar in the rfcommercial cigarette comparison and there were doserelated changes in the rf groups most notably for neutrophils most of the changes produced in the d of exposure were resolved in a d postinhalation period responses in the in vitro and analytical assays for the four cigarettes were in GA similar when data were expressed either per mg tpm or per mg tar yield there were judged to be no toxicologically meaningful differences between the profiles evaluated at similar smoke concentrations for the three commercial cigarettes and for the rf using these assays

oxidation decomposition of unsaturated fatty acids with singlet oxygen generated from a photosensitizing agent was investigated in liposome bilayer CM under a light irradiation condition the liposome of which the bilayer membrane was composed of DPPC dppc PP ix ppix and an unsaturated fatty acid oleic acid LA LNA or arachidonic acid were prepared with banghams method in irradiating the liposome dispersion with light ranged from to nm the unsaturated fatty acid was decomposed through an oxidation reaction with singlet oxygen the decomposition rate constant was obeyed as the following order AA oleic acid LNA LA this result indicates that OA is readily degraded despite its lower unsaturated degree in addition micropolarity and microfluidity of t outside of the wartime disruption interval if the gestation occurred during the disruption interval the md seasonal fluctuation was not evident this finding suggests that parental environmental AF may influence the fingerprints of the offspring fingerprint rc differences observed in postnatal life may be useful in the study of metabolic or anatomic NLP related to the early prenatal environment

the antithrombotic effect of three different types of antithrombotic agents antithrombinargatroban heparin defibrinogenating agentbatroxobin were evaluated in canine coronary and iliac arteries an occlusive thrombus was produced by BI one of the three agents was infused intravenously at hour T3 thrombus formation heparin ukg argatroban mgkg batroxobin ukg and the effect of thrombus size reduction was evaluated on the contralateral side of the iliac artery the preventive effect of these agents on thrombus formation was evaluated T3 BI in the iliac i.a. angioscopic percent area obstruction by the thrombus before and minutes after treatment reduced from to in the argatroban group and from to in the batroxobin group p and p respectively no significant NC was observed in the heparin group angiography demonstrated the same trend the percent area stenosis with thrombus at minutes following BI was in the argatroban group in the heparin group p vs argatroban and in the batroxobin group thrombus size at the treated site was smaller than that at the control site in all three CG p vs control in the PD angioscopic percent area obstruction by the thrombus before and T2 T3 treatment reduced from to in the argatroban group and from to in the batroxobin group p and p respectively no significant NC was observed in the heparin group angiography also demonstrated the same trend the APTT time aptt was prolonged to of the control value with argatroban and to of the value with heparin p fibrinogen was markedly reduced with batroxobin these results showed that both the antithrombin agent and the defibrinogenating agent have a preventive effect on thrombus formation and the effect on thrombus size reduction without marked prolongation of the aptt

this chapter addresses the neuronal organization of the central pattern generator cpg for forelimb locomotion in the cat the focus is on fictive locomotion as induced by repetitive stimulation of the C2 LF clf in the decerebrate preparation the CS- timelocked responses of cervical motoneurons mns that follow each current PP of such repetitive stimulation include disynaptic epsps trisynaptic epsps and ipsps and polysynaptic psps their amplitudes are all phaserelated to selected aspects of the locomotor rhythm as determined by the DP of discharge in SN to selected muscles correlation analysis reveals rhythmic modulation between the responses of extensor and flexor mns thereby suggesting mutual interactions between pathways mediating the clf effects on mns it is argued that the shortest clf pathway to mns via the cpg is disynaptic ie with only a single IC interneuron in between the descending command axons and the mns a second proposal is that such IC ins contribute to interacting reverberating in circuits ie the cpg through mutual excitation

paeoniflorin has been demonstrated to exert antiinflammatory and immunomodulatory effects in the animal T0 in this T0 we investigated immunoregulatory effects of PF on antiasthmatic effects and underlying mechanisms asthma model was established by ovalbumininduced a total of mice were randomly assigned to five exp groups control MM dexamethasone mgkg and paeoniflorin and mgkg airway resistance raw were measured by the FO technique histological studies were evaluated by the hematoxylin and eosin he IF thth cytokines were evaluated by ELISA assay elisa thth cells were evaluated by flow cytometry fcm and gata and tbet were evaluated by western blot our T0 demonstrated that compared with MM group paeoniflorin inhibited ovalbumin ovainduced increases in raw and eosinophil count interleukin il ige C2 were recovered in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid compared increased ifnγ level in BAL lavage fluid histological studies demonstrated that paeoniflorin substantially inhibited ovainduced eosinophilia in lung tissue and lung tissue compared with MM group FC studies demonstrated that paeoniflorin can regulate thth balance these findings suggest that PF may effectively ameliorate the progression of asthma and could be used as a therapy for patients with allergic asthma

to observe the EA ea of different acupoints on electroretinogram erg and cerebral visual evoked potentials vep in HS so as to evaluate the relative specificity of the function of acupoints

thin kidney SC explants from P0 rabbits consisting of the capsula fibrosa with an Ad layer of nephrogenic material sshaped bodies and collecting duct anlagen were isolated and cultured for various periods up to days by conventional procedures within the first h of culturing it was observed that the explants form globular bodies covered by a monolayer epithelium the cells are cuboidal or cylindrical and may in later stages consist of two or even more cell layers the epithelium shows a polar differentiation with deep tight junctions at the apical poles and lateral intercellular spaces opening to the basal surface a basal lamina is not consistently developed the support of the epithelium consists of fibroblasts and degenerating tissue elements of the explants it can be shown that the epithelium is derived from the anlagen of the collecting ducts structurally the epithelium resembles a collecting duct epithelium the experimental system is considered as a useful MM to study metabolism and CF of the renal collecting duct epithelium as well as developmental problems such as cell migration outgrowth and differentiation

we report on the dynamics of a MM frictional system submitted to minute external perturbations the system consists of a cha and dorsal PM and precentral region are investigated using the nissl and neun staining methods and the fluorescent retrograde tract tracing technique there is a gradual stepwise laminar change in the cytoarchitectonic organization from the proisocortical anterior cingulate region through the lower and upper banks of the cingulate sulcus to the DL isocortical PM and precentral motor regions of the FL these changes are characterized by a gradational emphasis on the lower stratum layers v and vi in the proisocortical cingulate region to the upper stratum layers ii and iii in the premotor and precentral motor region this is accompanied by a progressive widening of layers iii and vi a poorly delineated border between layers iii and v and a sequential increase in the size of SL v neurons culminating in the presence of giant betz cells in the precentral motor region the overall patterns of corticocortical connections paralleled the sequential changes in cytoarchitectonic organization the proisocortical Az have connections with cingulate motor SMA PM and precentral motor Az on the one hand and have widespread connections with the FC parietal temporal and multimodal association SC and limbic regions on the other the PMd Az have connections with the proisocortical areas including cingulate motor areas and SMA area on the one hand and premotor and precentral motor cortex on the other additionally this region has significant connections with PPC cortex and limited connections with prefrontal limbic and multimodal regions the precentral motor cortex also has connections with the proisocortical areas and PM Az its other connections are limited to the somatosensory regions of the parietal lobe since the isocortical motor Az on the dorsal convexity mediate voluntary motor function their close connectional relationship with the cingulate areas form a pivotal limbicmotor interface that could provide critical sources of cognitive emotional and motivational influence on complex motor function

multiple dorsal dislocations of the CMC joints are rare diagnosis requires a high index of suspicion careful examination and good radiography treatment is controversial and is based on the presence or not of associated fractures this paper presents a case of combined fifth and fourth finger carpometacarpal joint dorsal dislocation successfully treated with closed reduction and percutaneous pinning a discussion of this DP of injury is also presented

NO(x) contamination of surface waters eg lakes has become a severe environmental and health problem especially in developing countries the recent demonstration of nitrate reduction at the cathode of MFC mfc provides an opportunity to develop a new technology for nitrogen removal from surface waters in this study a sedimenttype mfc based on two pieces of bioelectrodes was employed as a novel in situ applicable RPA for nitrogen removal as well as electricity production from eutrophic lakes maximum PD of and mwm was produced respectively from nitrate and nitriterich synthetic lake waters at initial concentration of mgnl along with the electricity production a TN removal of and was accomplished for NO(x) respectively the nitrogen removal was almost times higher under closecircuit condition with biocathode compared to either the opencircuit operation or with abiotic cathode the mass balance on nitrogen indicates that most of the removed nitrate and nitrite ± and ± respectively was reduced to nitrogen gas the nitrogen removal and SP generation was limited by the DO do level in the water and acetate level injected to the sediment excessive oxygen resulted in dramatically decrease of nitrogen removal efficiency and only removal was obtained at do level of mgl the power generation and nitrogen removal increased with acetate level and was nearly saturated at mggsediment this bioelectrodebased in situ RPA is attractive not only due to the electricity production but also due to no need of extra reactor construction which may broaden the application possibilities of sediment mfc technology

the aim of the present study was to evaluate the effect of combined treatment of pioglitazone pgz and prednisolone pdl on the progression of AIA in rats adjuvant ICA was induced by single intradermal i.t. of ml freunds complete adjuvant wv mycobacterium butyricum in mineral oil into foot pads of left hind paws of WR of either sex there were six experimental groups GI was healthy animals as control group ii was arthritic animals without drug treatment group iii was arthritic animals treated with a standard nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drug aspirin mgkg group iv was arthritic animals received pgz mgkg alone group v was arthritic animals received pdl mgkg alone and group vi was arthritic animals treated with a combined suspension of pgz and pdl mgkg drugs were administered daily orally at day and continued upto th day after induction of arthritis induction of ICA significantly increased hind paw volume hpv loss of body weight bw enhanced tibiotarsal joint thickness tjt and increased plasma TN factoralpha tnfα and interleukin il levels treatment with aspirin or combined suspension of pgz and pdl in the arthritic animals produced significant reductions in hpv and tjt normalized bw and significantly decreased plasma C2 of tnfα and il these observations suggest that the combined administration of pgz and pdl was ERP in modulating the inflammatory response and suppress arthritis progression in experimental animal MM these findings may help to improve the treatment of rheumatoid ICA

a series of technological advances have made it possible to closely monitor EP and behavioural manifestations of episodic clinical events over prolonged periods of time with the ability to review the records at leisure or to submit them to computer analysis the more promising techniques are timelocked videoeeg monitoring cable telemetry radiotelemetry ambulatory cassette recording intensive plasma antiepileptic drug monitoring and continuous neuropsychological monitoring the greatest promise of these techniques is for the diagnosis research and management of epilepsy for psychiatry they offer additional help in the differential diagnosis of nonepileptic events from epilepsy the most important of which are PS and episodes of aggression this paper discusses the potential role of these techniques in the assessment of nonepileptic events and transient cognitive impairment in clinical psychiatry

this T0 reports the retrospective radiographic outcome of a series of consecutive total knee arthroplasties using an uncemented HA duracon cruciateretaining tibial baseplate stryker howmedica osteonics corp mahwah nj sixtythree knees were assessed at a mean followup of months the knees were primarily diagnosed with OA with a mean age of years radiographic analysis showed knees with tibial baseplate radiolucencies with all of these resolving or improving over the course of the study all tibial baseplates were implanted with the concomitant use of autologous bone slurry there were no reoperations for aseptic loosening fracture or patellofemoral problems this intermediate T0 demonstrates excellent radiographic outcomes for uncemented HA duracon cruciateretaining tibial baseplates and evaluates other factors felt to be important in the success of a cementless implant

a strategy to bind bacterial cells to surfaces in a directed fashion via DPN dpn is presented cellular attachment to predesigned dpn generated microarrays was found to be dependent on the shape and size of the surface feature while this observation is likely due in part to a dense well formed mercaptohexadecanoic acid mha monolayer generated via dpn it may also simply be due to the physical shape of the surface structure motile pseudomonas aeruginosa bacterial cells were observed to bind to dpn generated mercaptohexadecanoic acidpolyllysine mhapll line patterns blocks made up of eight lines with nm spacings with approximately occupancy cellular binding to these block surface structures occurs via an electrostatic interaction between negatively charged CG on the bacterial cell surface and positively charged PL pll assemblies these data indicate that these dpn generated block surface structures provide a promising footprint for the att of motile bacterial cells that may find utility in cell based biosensors or single cell studies

previous studies in this laboratory have shown that feeding of ethanol to rats produces prompt inhibition of MS ms as well as a subsequent increase in activity of betaine homocysteine methyltransferase bhmt further studies have shown that supplemental dietary betaine enhanced methionine metabolism and sadenosylmethionine sam generation in control and ethanolfed rats because ms and bhmt are both involved in the formation of sam this study was conducted to determine early effects of ethanol on hepatic sam C2 and the influence of betaine supplementation on parameters of methionine metabolism during the early periods of ms inhibition and enhanced bhmt activity results showed that ethanol feeding produced a significant loss in sam in the first week with a return to normal sam levels in the second week betaine FF enhanced hepatic betaine pools in control as well as ethanolfed animals this feeding attenuated the early loss of sam in ethanolfed animals produced an early increase in bhmt activity and generated increased C2 of sam in both control and ethanolfed groups furthermore betaine lowered significantly the accumulation of hepatic triglyceride produced by ethanol after weeks of ingestion

our previous data suggested that the human basic HLH transcription factor achaetescute homologue hash may stimulate both proliferation and migration in the lung in the cns cyclindependent kinase cdk and its activator p are important for neuronal migration that is regulated by basic HLH transcription factors cdkp may also play a role in carcinogenesis in this study we found that the neuronal activator p was commonly expressed in primary human lung cancers cdk and p were also expressed by several human LC cell lines and coupled with migration and invasion when the kinase activity was inhibited by the cdk inhibitor roscovitine or dominantnegative dn cdk the migration of lung cancer cells was reduced in NE cells expressing hash such as a pulmonary carcinoid cell line knocking down the mRNA by short hairpin rna reduced the C2 of cdkp nuclear p protein and migration furthermore expression of hash in A549 cells normally lacking hashs a cognitive approach current trends in anthropology are placing greater emphasis on indigenous perspectives and in recent decades animism has seen a resurgence in anthropological theory as a means of relating in not to ones world animism is a mode of thought that has direct bearing on landscape archaeology yet americanist archaeologists have been slow to incorporate this concept as a component of landscape theory i consider animism and nurit birddavids theory of “relatedness” and how such perspectives might be expressed archaeologically in mesoamerica i examine the CSD of marine shells and cave formations that appear incorporated as architectural elements on ancient maya circular shrine architecture more than just “symbols” of sacred geography i suggest these materials represent living entities that animate shrines through their ongoing relationships with human and otherthanhuman agents in the world

this T0 was undertaken to evaluate the effects of partially replacing dietary ground corn with a microalgae meal from prototheca moriformis composed of deoiled microalgae and soyhulls on milk yield and composition nutrient intake totaltract apparent digestibility and blood profile of lactating dairy cows twenty multiparous holstein cows ±d in milk ± of milk yield and ±kg of LW at the start of experiment mean ± sigma were used in a crossover design experiment with d periods diets were no microalgae meal con or gkg of microalgae meal partially replacing dietary ground corn alg cows showed similar milk yield and composition the fatcorrected milk production was ±kgd for con and ±kgd for alg despite cows having similar DMI alg increased neutral detergent fiber and EE NI in addition cows fed alg exhibited higher ether extract digestibility no differences were detected in gl urea aminoaspartate transferase and gammaglutamyl GOT blood concentrations feeding alg increased the total cholesterol and highdensity lipoprotein in blood compared with con the microalgae meal may partially replace ground corn in diets of lactating cows without impairing the animals performance

dental hygienists help their clients develop health promoting behaviors by providing essential information about general health and oral health in particular individual health practices such as oral selfcare are based on personal choices the guiding principles found in health SMB models provide useful methods to the oral HCPs in promoting ERP individual client behaviors theories provide explanations about observable facts in a systematic manner research regarding health SMB has explored the effectiveness and applicability of various health models in oral health SMB modification the health belief model TTM and stages of change TRA SE locus of control and SOC are examples of models that focus on individuals assuming responsibility for their own health understanding the strengths of each and their applicability to health behaviors is critical for oral health care providers who work with patients to adopt methods and modify behaviors that contribute to good oral health this paper describes health SMB models that have been applied to oral HE presents a critical analysis of the effectiveness of each MM in oral health education and provides examples of application to oral health education

a large sample of threshold TCs of single units from various C2 of the auditory pathway was used in order to examine the relationship between best frequency and a measure of sharpness of tuning this measure is simply the PTC bandwidth at db above threshold on a squareroot scale of frequency the transformation was found to be largely independent of unit best frequency suggesting that it is suitable for comparing sharpness of tuning between samples no difference in sharpness of tuning was found between samples of units from nuclei in the lemniscal AEP pathway although units from the anterior auditory field showed broader tuning than those in the lemniscal pathway

polypheniothiazine films were prepared on a porous carbon felt cf electrode surface by an electrooxidative polymerization of three PTZ derivatives ietthionine tn toluidine blue tb and methylene blue mb from moll PB solution ph among the three phenothiazies the polytb filmmodified cf exhibited an excellent electrocatalytic activity for the oxidation of NADH form nadh at v vs agagcl the polytb filmmodified cf was successfully used as working electrode unit of highly sensitive amperometric flowthrough detector for nadh the peak currents peak heights were almost unchanged irrespective of a carrier flow rate ranging from to mlmin resulting in the measurement of nadh ca sampleshr at mlmin the peak current responses of nadh showed linear relationship over the concentration range from to micromoll sensitivity microamicromoll rho coefficient the lower PCD limit was found to be micromoll sn

the effect of inositol supplementation on the composition and biosynthesis of glycerides in the livers of rats fed diets containing fats with differing HFA composition was investigated the dietary fats employed in these studies included CO tower rapeseed oil rso partially hydrogenated soybean oil sbo and tallow no significant influence of Ins on hepatic TG was found in animals fed CO and sbo whereas Ins deficiency caused a twoand fourfold elevation in triglyceride concentrations in the rso and tallow CG respectively the level of total fatty acids in phospholipid mgg CL was slightly decreased in all fat groups and included a notable decrease in the concentration of monoenoic and dienoic acids in the rso and tallow CG dietary inositol had a minor effect on the weight of individual fatty acids in hepatic triglycerides inositoldeficient aniive membranes these results may indicate that marked alterations in polar headgroup as well as fatty acyl chain composition of CM induced by glyceryl etherfeeding would be required for maintaining proper membrane fluidity

NP np is a common condition in patients consulting ent practitioners in france a multicenter prospective study was performed to evaluate PS demography environmental AF personal and family history and associated conditions like asthma and food or drugs sensitivity fds in patients suffering from np in each investigation center assessments were performed at the moment of the initial consultation by the same investigator then updated with cDNA exploration results required by the protocol the chi test and the fisher test were used for statistical analysis in this study patients were included males were predominant at asthma was found in of cases without relevant sex difference however fds positive in of the patients was statistically higher in females than in males vs severe and major PS were more frequently found in the female population environment and habitat factors did not appear to be relevant high rates of np and asthma were found in the family PH hereditary AF were suggested and lead us to further T0 the genetic AF potentially involved in this pathology

the enzyme system xanthine dehydrogenase xdxanthine oxidase which generates the superoxide anion as a byproduct of action on endogenous substrates is believed to play a role in mediating pathophysiological changes through its contribution to total O2- to aid with analysis of AF that regulate xd we have developed a reverse transcription rtcoupled competitive QPCR pcr assay which enables xd mrna to be determined from small amounts of cultured cells where constitutive xd levels are low a homologous IS mutant of wildtype xd cdna was prepared and used as an internal standard to normalize intersample pcr efficiency differences xd mrna levels determined by rtpcr also were normalized to tubulin mrna to compensate for rt differences and loading effects among samples we report that xd mrna C2 determined by rtpcr were increased twofold in hypoxic oxygen rat pulmonary microvascular endothelial cells relative to normoxic controls oxygen conversely xd mrna was decreased threefold within h under hyperoxic oxygen conditions these data support the hypothesis that xd is regulated by oxygen tension in the pulmonary vasculature

cosmetic breast surgery is the only therapeutic alternative for psychological and PCS complications associated with micromasty breast ptosis and macromasty we analyzed the effects of variables time and type of cosmetic breast surgery on anxiety symptomatology and quality of lifefollowing a mixed × design groups of women with breast augmentation n mastopexy n and breast reduction n were selected and evaluated using the statetrait anxiety inventory and the SF-36 health survey at different times the preoperative stage and at and months postoperative pearsons chi square welchs u gameshowell tests mixed analysis of variance and cohens d and w for effect size were calculatedresults relating to anxiety state and trait showed that the time factor was significant p with differences between the preoperative stage higher anxiety levels and the postoperative stages at month p months p and months p in SQ of life type of surgery and time AF were found to have interactive effects on vitality p and roleemotional p dimensions compared to the other groups women who had undergone mastopexy felt worse vitality at month since surgery than in the other stages and better at months since surgery roleemotional in the rest of the dimensions and focusing on the most relevant effect sizes the type of surgery made a difference in the PF p and rolephysical p dimensions where women who had had breast reduction felt worse than those who had had augmentation time also resulted in differences in the PF p rolephysical p and BP p dimensions where women felt wn data on dietary NI is challenging particularly when resources and funding are constrained technology offers the potential to develop novel ways of collecting C1 amounts of dietary information while making it easier more convenient intuitive and engaging for users intake is an online multiple pass h dietary recall tool developed for use in national food and nutrition surveys the OD of intake was a fourstage iterative process of user interaction and DUE with the intended end users years old a total of years old took part in the evaluation at each stage several methods were used to elicit FB from the users including think aloud eye tracking semistructured interviews and a system usability scale each participant completed an interviewer led recall post system completion key system developments generated from the user feedback included a flat interface which uses only a single interface screen shared between all of the various MICs eg free text entry looking up foods in the database portion size estimation improvements to the text entry search functionality and navigation around the system were also influenced through FB from users at each stage the time to complete a recall using NI almost halved from the initial prototype to the end system while the PA with an interviewer led recall improved further developments include testing the use of intake with older adults and translation into other languages for international use our future aim is to validate the system with recovery biomarkers

the kinetics of the AST reaction were studied using free and immobilized cells of e coli strain as an enzyme source it was shown that the reaction is limited by mass transport of the reagents through the bacterial cell membrane even at high concentrations of the substrates in the surrounding solution the polyacrylamide gelincorporated cells of e coli CS catalyze the aspartateaminotransferase reaction more effectively as compared to free or destroyed cells in the latter case the reaction is characterized by the following kinetic parameters the effective values of the stationary rate of the product accumulation and its stationary efflux from the cell are equal to molesmg of protein and moles per cell respectively the steadystate constant for glu synthesis from aspartic acid is equal to

a total of electroejaculation attempts are recorded on young to months beef bulls of breeds and breed crosses brahman cross africander cross shorthorn cross brahman africander and HH four hundred and forty of these attempts were conducted on bulls of the first of these breeds which had been reared under similar conditions on the same property the machine employed was a watson transtimulator powered by a volt automobile battery and connected to a cm diameter BP ring electrode probe cm in length the voltages at which the sperm free sample a and sperm rich sample b samples were initiated were and volts respectively no breed differences occurred breed differences occurred in the proportion of bulls showing a severe reaction to the electricity p less than with the africander p less than and ax p less than having the highest proportions of severe reactions these breed CG also had the highest proportions of electroejaculation failures respectively p less than and ns overall bulls of bos indicus derivation did not differ from those of bos taurus derivation in electroejaculation failures during stimulation erection was achieved by of bulls and failure to collect an assessable ejaculate occurred in no breed differences occurred in either category collapse during stimulation occurred in of electroejaculation attempts overall p less than with the sh breed group having highest representation p less than

tobacco use is associated with erectile dysfunction ed via a number of mechanisms including vascular injury and oxidative stress in corporal tissue adipose derived stem cells adsc have been shown to ameliorate vascularcorporal injury and oxidative stress by releasing cytokines growth factors and antioxidants we assessed the therapeutic effects of ICI of adsc in a rat MM of tobaccoassociated ed thirty male rats were used in this study ten rats exposed to RA only served as negative controls the remaining rats were passively exposed to CS cs for weeks at the week time point adsc were isolated from paragonadal fat in all rats amongst the cs exposed rats each were assigned to one of the two following conditions i injection of phosphate buffered saline pbs into the CC cspbs or ii i.t. of autologous adsc in pbs into the corpora cavernosa csadsc negative control animals received pbs i.t. into the CC normal rats nr pbs after injections all rats were returned to their previous air versus cs exposure state twentyeight days T3 i.t. all rats were placed in a metabolic cage for hour urine collection to be testing for markers of oxidative stress after hour urine collection all rats also underwent erectile function testing via intracavernous pressure icp testing and were then sacrificed corporal tissues were obtained for histological assessment and western blotting mean body weight was significantly lower in csexposed rats than in control animals mean icp icp MAP pressure ratio serum nitric oxide level were significantly lower in the cspbs group compared to the nrpbs and csadsc CG urine markers for oxidative AS were significantly higher in the cspbs group compared to the nrpbs and csadsc groups mean expression of corporal nnos and histological markers for endothelial and smooth muscle cells was significantly lower and tissue AI significantly higher in the cspbs group compared to the nrpbs and csadsc CG our findings confirm that chronic tobacco SE causes ultrastructural damage to the corporal tissue and increases SVR oxidative stress states treatment with adsc ameliorates these adverse effects and holds promise as a potential therapy for tobaccorelated ed

the in vivo and in vitro effects of melatonin on glucosephosphate dehydrogenase gpd from human erythrocytes have been investigated for this purpose human EA glucosephosphate dehydrogenase was purified at the beginning times in a yield of by using AS precipitation and adp sepharose b affinity gel a temperature of degrees c was maintained during the purification process CEA was determined by the beutler method using a spectrophotometer at nm this method was utilized for all kinetic studies for in vitro experiments the CEA increased below mm melatonin concentration and reached a plateau above mm ten mg kgmelatonin was administered intraperitonally and indicated the stimulatory effect on the enzyme timedependent in vivo ge and association with gts highly polymorphic markers with mean heterozygosity of were typed and resulting genotypes evaluated using single marker TDT tdt single marker HRR hrr and multimarker D2 tdt and hrr methods single marker tdt analysis showed evidence for linkage or association with pvalues near for markers ds gataf and ds on chromosomes p q and q respectively extended twolocus tdt and hrr analysis provided further evidence for linkage or association on chromosome with pvalues of and and chromosome with pvalues of and respectively these results provide important additional evidence for the location of gts susceptibility loci

to estimate the physiological roles of a germinlike protein buglp with mnsod activity isolated newly from a moss barbula unguiculata buglp mrna C2 during cell growth and the effects of methyl viologen and salt AS were studied buglp mrna levels were at their peak during the exponential phase of growth and decreased thereafter but sod activity was held at the same level as that during the exponential phase when MV was present as a generator of superoxide the amount of buglp transcripts decreased but that of sod activity of buglp bound to the cell wall was not affected the addition of nacl to the cells during the logarithmic phase increased both the buglp mrna levels and total sod activity of buglp but decreased the sod activity bound to the cell wall due to release of most of the sod activity into the medium on the other hand the addition of nacl to the cells during the stationary phase hardly affected buglp mrna C2 or sod activity C2 bound to the cell wall these results suggest that the induction of buglp gene by salt stress is caused by dissociation of buglp protein from the cell wall into the medium in the cells during the logarithmic phase

despite being considered an invasive ungulate outside its native range north africa little information exists regarding the role of the aoudad also called barbary sheep ammotragus lervia as a pathogen reservoir furthermore in most epidemiological surveys the potential role of coinfections eg a first infection may make the host more immunocompetent or susceptible against a second pathogen as a risk factor is often neglected in this study we first performed a serological survey for selected pathogens BCG m avium subsp paratuberculosis chlamydophila abortus bovine viral diarrhoeaborder disease viruses bvdvbdv salmonella spp brucella melitensis and toxoplasma gondii on free n and captive n aoudad from SE spain then by using akaikes AIC we evaluated the importance of coinfection in two statistical models that included the effects of population age and sex our results show that neither free nor captive aoudad had antibodies against brucella melitensis chlamydophila abortus or bvdvbdv however compared to other wild ungulates in spain aoudads have high prevalence of antibodies against m bovis free captive very high prevalence of antibodies against m avium subsp paratuberculosis free captive and intermediate prevalence of antibodies against salmonella spp free captive or t gondii free captive although the additive effects of population and age were included in our set of selected models coinfection was the most influential factor to detect antibodies response against mycobacterials and salmonella infections the direction of this influence could be exclusion of disease between tuberculosis and paratuberculosis seroreactor animals or enhanced susceptibility to disease between tuberculosis and salmonella seroreactor animals in conclusion we believe that wildlife managers must pay more attention to the potential risk posed by aoudads as hosts and probably reservoirs of paratuberculosis and tuberculosis mycobacterlearning by the LM lm method significantly improves traditional supervised learning of multilayer perceptrons for data driven function approximation

as part of the move toward PCC womens preferences with regard to maternity services have become increasingly important to policy makers to realize optimal PCC knowledge of patients preferences is essential the aim of our study was to assess the strength and relative importance of womens preferences for different aspects of intrapartum care in the netherlands where women have easy access to both home and hospital birth

continuous irradiation of relatively short duration as po in gammaray stereotactic radiosurgery srs is biologically not equivalent to the more protracted intermittent exposures during acceleratorbased radiosurgery with multiple arcs acceleratorbased srs and fractionated SRT srt is currently performed with a high degree of variability in equipment and techniques resulting in highly variable treatment delivery times the present work is designed to quantify the effects of radiation delivery times on biological effectiveness for this the intermittent radiation delivery schemes typical for linacbased srssrt have been simulated in vitro to derive biological correction AF

this paper examined the effect of several pyridinium and imidazoliumbased ionic liquids ils on the protease stability in aqueous solutions in GA the enzyme was found quite AS at low concentrations of hydrophilic ils in AQ environment the enzyme was stabilized by the kosmotropic anions such as cfcoo and chcoo and chaotropic cations such as bupy and emim but was destabilized by chaotropic anions such as PIT and bf and kosmotropic cations such as bmim

a case report is described referring to a patient affected by single BM to the cranium from breast CA a traditional pharmacological RPA was tried but proved clinically disappointing though radiological and scintigraphic investigation confirmed a CR of the metastasis following a combined therapy with IFN and tamoxifen for six months results suggest that betainterferon and tamoxifen may offer an alternative effective approach in treating MBC

this T0 examined the effects of high and low intensity exercise on the resting metabolic rate during severe DR we hypothesized that exercise would attenuate andor offset the decline in resting VO2 during energydeficit conditions thirtytwo male dold spraguedawley rats were divided into four groups control diet restriction only diet restriction plus high intensity exercise and diet restriction plus low intensity exercise the body weights of the dietrestricted CG were rapidly reduced over wk until rats in these three groups weighted of control weight and this difference in body weight was maintained for the last wk of the study the high and low intensity exercise CG ran dwk at and respectively of maximal running speed for and mind respectively resting metabolic rate h oxygen uptake was measured during wk and resting metabolic rate for the three DR CG was significantly lower than for the controls for all measurements exercise training had no effect on the dietinduced depression of resting VO2 with the dietrestricted CG differing among each other by during the measurement periods during severe dietrestriction exerciseinduced elevations of resting VO2 seem to be greatly reduced or eliminated this absence of an exercise effect on resting metabolic rate persisted through wk of reduced body weight maintenance we conclude that during severe diet restriction exercise offers no protective or enhancing effect on resting VO2

the effects of mm halothane approx vol on the action potentials of PT false tendon and distal apical left VVI purkinje SF were compared in analogous in vitro S9 derived from normal dogs and animals surviving day following acute myocardial infarction in ten noninfarcted hearts halothane reduced regional differences in repolarization by decreasing action potential duration apd mean se in PT fibers from to msec p less than or equal to without decreasing apd in distal SF control msec halothane msec in ten infarcted NF halothane accentuated pathologic differences in repolarization by decreasing apd in the nonischemic proximal SF from to msec p less than or equal to while increasing apd in the ischemic distal fibers from to msec p less than or equal to HAL also decreased the OS from to m v p less than or equal to and vmax from to vs p less than or equal to in ischemic SF in seven infarcts evaluated by S2 techniques halothane slowed the conduction of premature impulses and prolonged refractoriness while in five of the seven hearts it reversibly increased the range of coupling intervals which induced probable reentrant responses in a separate T0 of seven infarcts HAL decreased the rate of SA originating in the ischemic region it is concluded that halothane facilitates the occurrence of reentry while inhibiting the initiation of abnormal impulses in the in vitro canine infarction model