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# EEGNet
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EEGNet model from Lawhern et al (2018) .
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> **Architecture-only repository.**
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> `braindecode.models.EEGNet` class. **No pretrained weights are
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> distributed here**
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> data
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> separately.
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## Quick start
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The signal-shape arguments above are
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## Documentation
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<https://braindecode.org/stable/generated/braindecode.models.EEGNet.html>
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- Interactive browser with live instantiation:
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<https://huggingface.co/spaces/braindecode/model-explorer>
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- Source on GitHub: <https://github.com/braindecode/braindecode/blob/master/braindecode/models/eegnet.py#L22>
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- **Depthwise-Separable Convolution Block.**
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(a) depthwise temporal conv to refine temporal structure;
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(b) pointwise 1x1 conv to mix feature maps into ``F2`` combinations.
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- **Classifier Head.**
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Lightweight 1x1 conv or dense layer (often with max-norm constraint).
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.. rubric:: Convolutional Details
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- **Temporal.** The initial temporal convs serve as a *learned filter bank*:
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long 1-D kernels (implemented as 2-D with singleton spatial extent) emphasize oscillatory bands and transients.
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Because this stage is linear prior to BN/ELU, kernels can be analyzed as FIR filters to reveal each feature's spectrum [Lawhern2018]_.
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- **Spatial.** The depthwise spatial conv spans the full channel axis (kernel height = #electrodes; temporal size = 1).
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With ``groups = F1``, each temporal filter learns its own set of ``D`` spatial projections—akin to CSP, learned end-to-end and
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typically regularized with max-norm.
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- **Spectral.** No explicit Fourier/wavelet transform is used. Frequency structure
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is captured implicitly by the temporal filter bank; later depthwise temporal kernels act as short-time integrators/refiners.
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.. rubric:: Additional Comments
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- **Filter-bank structure:** Parallel temporal kernels (``F1``) emulate classical filter banks; pairing them with frequency-specific spatial filters
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yields features mappable to rhythms and topographies.
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- **Depthwise & separable convs:** Parameter-efficient decomposition (depthwise + pointwise) retains power while limiting overfitting
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[Chollet2017]_ and keeps temporal vs. mixing steps interpretable.
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- **Regularization:** Batch norm, dropout, pooling, and optional max-norm on spatial kernels aid stability on small EEG datasets.
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- The v4 means the version 4 at the arxiv paper [Lawhern2018]_.
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Parameters
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----------
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final_conv_length : int or "auto", default="auto"
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Length of the final convolution layer. If "auto", it is set based on n_times.
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pool_mode : {"mean", "max"}, default="mean"
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Pooling method to use in pooling layers.
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F1 : int, default=8
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Number of temporal filters in the first convolutional layer.
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D : int, default=2
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Depth multiplier for the depthwise convolution.
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F2 : int or None, default=None
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Number of pointwise filters in the separable convolution. Usually set to ``F1 * D``.
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depthwise_kernel_length : int, default=16
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Length of the depthwise convolution kernel in the separable convolution.
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pool1_kernel_size : int, default=4
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Kernel size of the first pooling layer.
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pool2_kernel_size : int, default=8
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Kernel size of the second pooling layer.
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kernel_length : int, default=64
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Length of the temporal convolution kernel.
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conv_spatial_max_norm : float, default=1
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Maximum norm constraint for the spatial (depthwise) convolution.
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activation : nn.Module, default=nn.ELU
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Non-linear activation function to be used in the layers.
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batch_norm_momentum : float, default=0.01
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Momentum for instance normalization in batch norm layers.
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batch_norm_affine : bool, default=True
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If True, batch norm has learnable affine parameters.
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batch_norm_eps : float, default=1e-3
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Epsilon for numeric stability in batch norm layers.
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drop_prob : float, default=0.25
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Dropout probability.
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final_layer_with_constraint : bool, default=False
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If ``False``, uses a convolution-based classification layer. If ``True``,
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apply a flattened linear layer with constraint on the weights norm as the final classification step.
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norm_rate : float, default=0.25
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Max-norm constraint value for the linear layer (used if ``final_layer_conv=False``).
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References
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----------
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.. [Lawhern2018] Lawhern, V. J., Solon, A. J., Waytowich, N. R., Gordon, S. M.,
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Hung, C. P., & Lance, B. J. (2018). EEGNet: a compact convolutional
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neural network for EEG-based brain–computer interfaces. Journal of
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neural engineering, 15(5), 056013.
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.. [Chollet2017] Chollet, F., *Xception: Deep Learning with Depthwise Separable
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Convolutions*, CVPR, 2017.
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.. rubric:: Hugging Face Hub integration
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When the optional ``huggingface_hub`` package is installed, all models
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automatically gain the ability to be pushed to and loaded from the
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Hugging Face Hub. Install with::
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pip install braindecode[hub]
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**Pushing a model to the Hub:**
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.. code::
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from braindecode.models import EEGNet
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# Train your model
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model = EEGNet(n_chans=22, n_outputs=4, n_times=1000)
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# ... training code ...
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# Push to the Hub
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model.push_to_hub(
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repo_id="username/my-eegnet-model",
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commit_message="Initial model upload",
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)
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**Loading a model from the Hub:**
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.. code::
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from braindecode.models import EEGNet
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# Load pretrained model
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model = EEGNet.from_pretrained("username/my-eegnet-model")
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# Load with a different number of outputs (head is rebuilt automatically)
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model = EEGNet.from_pretrained("username/my-eegnet-model", n_outputs=4)
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**Extracting features and replacing the head:**
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.. code::
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import torch
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x = torch.randn(1, model.n_chans, model.n_times)
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# Extract encoder features (consistent dict across all models)
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out = model(x, return_features=True)
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features = out["features"]
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# Replace the classification head
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model.reset_head(n_outputs=10)
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**Saving and restoring full configuration:**
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.. code::
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import json
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config = model.get_config() # all __init__ params
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with open("config.json", "w") as f:
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json.dump(config, f)
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model2 = EEGNet.from_config(config) # reconstruct (no weights)
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All model parameters (both EEG-specific and model-specific such as
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dropout rates, activation functions, number of filters) are automatically
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saved to the Hub and restored when loading.
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See :ref:`load-pretrained-models` for a complete tutorial.</main>
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</div>
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## Citation
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*References* section above) and braindecode:
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```bibtex
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@article{aristimunha2025braindecode,
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# EEGNet
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EEGNet model from Lawhern et al (2018) [Lawhern2018].
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> **Architecture-only repository.** Documents the
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> `braindecode.models.EEGNet` class. **No pretrained weights are
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> distributed here.** Instantiate the model and train it on your own
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> data.
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## Quick start
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)
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```
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The signal-shape arguments above are illustrative defaults — adjust to
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match your recording.
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## Documentation
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- Full API reference: <https://braindecode.org/stable/generated/braindecode.models.EEGNet.html>
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- Interactive browser (live instantiation, parameter counts):
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<https://huggingface.co/spaces/braindecode/model-explorer>
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- Source on GitHub: <https://github.com/braindecode/braindecode/blob/master/braindecode/models/eegnet.py#L22>
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## Architecture
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## Parameters
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| Parameter | Type | Description |
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|---|---|---|
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| `final_conv_length` | int or "auto", default="auto" | Length of the final convolution layer. If "auto", it is set based on n_times. |
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| `pool_mode` | {"mean", "max"}, default="mean" | Pooling method to use in pooling layers. |
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| `F1` | int, default=8 | Number of temporal filters in the first convolutional layer. |
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| `D` | int, default=2 | Depth multiplier for the depthwise convolution. |
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| `F2` | int or None, default=None | Number of pointwise filters in the separable convolution. Usually set to `F1 * D`. |
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| `depthwise_kernel_length` | int, default=16 | Length of the depthwise convolution kernel in the separable convolution. |
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| `pool1_kernel_size` | int, default=4 | Kernel size of the first pooling layer. |
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| `pool2_kernel_size` | int, default=8 | Kernel size of the second pooling layer. |
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| `kernel_length` | int, default=64 | Length of the temporal convolution kernel. |
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| `conv_spatial_max_norm` | float, default=1 | Maximum norm constraint for the spatial (depthwise) convolution. |
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| `activation` | nn.Module, default=nn.ELU | Non-linear activation function to be used in the layers. |
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| `batch_norm_momentum` | float, default=0.01 | Momentum for instance normalization in batch norm layers. |
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| `batch_norm_affine` | bool, default=True | If True, batch norm has learnable affine parameters. |
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| `batch_norm_eps` | float, default=1e-3 | Epsilon for numeric stability in batch norm layers. |
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| `drop_prob` | float, default=0.25 | Dropout probability. |
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| `final_layer_with_constraint` | bool, default=False | If `False`, uses a convolution-based classification layer. If `True`, apply a flattened linear layer with constraint on the weights norm as the final classification step. |
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| `norm_rate` | float, default=0.25 | Max-norm constraint value for the linear layer (used if `final_layer_conv=False`). |
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## References
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1. Lawhern, V. J., Solon, A. J., Waytowich, N. R., Gordon, S. M., Hung, C. P., & Lance, B. J. (2018). EEGNet: a compact convolutional neural network for EEG-based brain–computer interfaces. Journal of neural engineering, 15(5), 056013.
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2. Chollet, F., *Xception: Deep Learning with Depthwise Separable Convolutions*, CVPR, 2017.
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## Citation
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Cite the original architecture paper (see *References* above) and braindecode:
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```bibtex
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@article{aristimunha2025braindecode,
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