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Browse files- json/Halakhah/Acharonim/Chafetz Chaim/English/Chofetz Chaim, Silverstein translation.json +0 -0
- json/Halakhah/Acharonim/Chafetz Chaim/English/Sefaria Community Translation.json +500 -0
- json/Halakhah/Acharonim/Chafetz Chaim/English/merged.json +0 -0
- json/Halakhah/Acharonim/Chafetz Chaim/Hebrew/Chofetz Chaim.json +0 -0
- json/Halakhah/Acharonim/Chafetz Chaim/Hebrew/merged.json +0 -0
- json/Halakhah/Acharonim/Ein HaTekhelet/English/YU Torah miTzion Beit Midrash.json +81 -0
- json/Halakhah/Acharonim/Ein HaTekhelet/English/merged.json +82 -0
- json/Halakhah/Acharonim/Ein HaTekhelet/Hebrew/Ein HaTekhelet, B'nei Brak, 1999.json +0 -0
- json/Halakhah/Acharonim/Ein HaTekhelet/Hebrew/merged.json +0 -0
- json/Halakhah/Acharonim/Geder Olam/Hebrew/Warsaw, 1892.json +144 -0
- json/Halakhah/Acharonim/Geder Olam/Hebrew/merged.json +142 -0
- json/Halakhah/Acharonim/Gevurat Anashim/Hebrew/Gevurat Anashim, Warsaw, 1879.json +0 -0
- json/Halakhah/Acharonim/Gevurat Anashim/Hebrew/merged.json +0 -0
- json/Halakhah/Acharonim/Keset HaSofer/English/Keset HaSofer, trans. Jen Taylor Friedman.json +66 -0
- json/Halakhah/Acharonim/Keset HaSofer/English/Sefaria Community Translation.json +59 -0
- json/Halakhah/Acharonim/Keset HaSofer/English/merged.json +97 -0
- json/Halakhah/Acharonim/Keset HaSofer/Hebrew/Keset Hasofer, Ungvar 1871.json +0 -0
- json/Halakhah/Acharonim/Keset HaSofer/Hebrew/Likut Sifrei Stam Part 1.json +68 -0
- json/Halakhah/Acharonim/Keset HaSofer/Hebrew/merged.json +0 -0
- json/Halakhah/Acharonim/Kol Yaakov on Shulchan Arukh/Hebrew/Jerusalem, 1910.json +0 -0
- json/Halakhah/Acharonim/Kol Yaakov on Shulchan Arukh/Hebrew/merged.json +0 -0
- json/Halakhah/Acharonim/Kuntres Acharon on Shulchan Arukh HaRav/Hebrew/Kehot Publication Society.json +0 -0
- json/Halakhah/Acharonim/Kuntres Acharon on Shulchan Arukh HaRav/Hebrew/merged.json +0 -0
- json/Halakhah/Acharonim/Maaseh Rav/English/Sefaria Community Translation.json +381 -0
- json/Halakhah/Acharonim/Maaseh Rav/English/merged.json +380 -0
- json/Halakhah/Acharonim/Maaseh Rav/Hebrew/From Wikitext.json +211 -0
- json/Halakhah/Acharonim/Maaseh Rav/Hebrew/Wikisource.json +776 -0
- json/Halakhah/Acharonim/Maaseh Rav/Hebrew/merged.json +773 -0
- json/Halakhah/Acharonim/Nehar Misrayim/English/Sefaria Community Translation.json +271 -0
- json/Halakhah/Acharonim/Nehar Misrayim/English/merged.json +270 -0
- json/Halakhah/Acharonim/Nehar Misrayim/Hebrew/merged.json +332 -0
- json/Halakhah/Acharonim/Nehar Misrayim/Hebrew/ืืืืืช ืฆืืฆืืช .json +333 -0
- json/Halakhah/Acharonim/Ptil Tekhelet/Hebrew/Ptil Tekhelet, B'nei Brak, 1999.json +0 -0
- json/Halakhah/Acharonim/Ptil Tekhelet/Hebrew/merged.json +0 -0
- json/Halakhah/Acharonim/Seder HaYom/Hebrew/Warsaw, 1876.json +0 -0
- json/Halakhah/Acharonim/Seder HaYom/Hebrew/merged.json +0 -0
- json/Halakhah/Acharonim/Sha'arei Ephraim/Hebrew/Irลกava, 1932.json +0 -0
- json/Halakhah/Acharonim/Sha'arei Ephraim/Hebrew/merged.json +0 -0
- json/Halakhah/Acharonim/Shabbat HaAretz/English/Rav Kook's Introduction to Shabbat Ha'aretz, trans. by Julian Sinclair Hazon, NY 2014.json +102 -0
- json/Halakhah/Acharonim/Shabbat HaAretz/English/merged.json +98 -0
- json/Halakhah/Acharonim/Shabbat HaAretz/Hebrew/Jerusalem, 1937.json +0 -0
- json/Halakhah/Acharonim/Shabbat HaAretz/Hebrew/Rav Kookโs Introduction to Shabbat Haโaretz, Hazon, NY 2014.json +100 -0
- json/Halakhah/Acharonim/Shabbat HaAretz/Hebrew/merged.json +0 -0
- json/Halakhah/Acharonim/Shev Shmat'ta/English/merged.json +0 -0
- json/Halakhah/Acharonim/Ta'amei HaMinhagim/Hebrew/Lemberg, 1928.json +0 -0
- json/Halakhah/Acharonim/Ta'amei HaMinhagim/Hebrew/merged.json +0 -0
- json/Halakhah/Acharonim/Treasures Hidden in the Sand/English/Treasures Hidden in the Sand, Trans. Menachem Kalish and David Herzberg.json +171 -0
- json/Halakhah/Acharonim/Treasures Hidden in the Sand/English/merged.json +169 -0
- json/Halakhah/Acharonim/Treasures Hidden in the Sand/Hebrew/Sefunei Tmunei Chol, B'nei Brak, 1999.json +0 -0
- json/Halakhah/Acharonim/Treasures Hidden in the Sand/Hebrew/merged.json +0 -0
json/Halakhah/Acharonim/Chafetz Chaim/English/Chofetz Chaim, Silverstein translation.json
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json/Halakhah/Acharonim/Chafetz Chaim/English/Sefaria Community Translation.json
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1 |
+
{
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+
"language": "en",
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"title": "Chafetz Chaim",
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+
"versionSource": "https://www.sefaria.org",
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"versionTitle": "Sefaria Community Translation",
|
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+
"actualLanguage": "en",
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+
"languageFamilyName": "english",
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"isSource": false,
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"direction": "ltr",
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"heTitle": "ืืคืฅ ืืืื",
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+
"categories": [
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"Halakhah",
|
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"Acharonim"
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+
],
|
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"text": {
|
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"Preface": [],
|
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+
"Introduction to the Laws of the Prohibition of Lashon Hara and Rechilut": {
|
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+
"Opening Comments": [],
|
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+
"Negative Commandments": [],
|
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+
"Positive Commandments": [],
|
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"Curses": [
|
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+
"And now we shall clarify, with the aid of HASHEM, that which we knew above in the beginning of the introductionโspecifically, how many curses he accepts upon himself, whomever doesnโt guard himself from this evil trait [of Lashon Hara]. Other than all the negative and positive commandments [enumerated] above, he transgresses (A) over (Debharim"
|
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+
]
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},
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+
"Part One, The Prohibition Against Lashon Hara": {
|
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+
"Principle 1": {
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+
"Opening Comments": [],
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+
"": []
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+
},
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"Principle 2": {
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+
"Opening Comments": [],
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+
"": []
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+
},
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"Principle 3": {
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+
"Opening Comments": [],
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+
"": []
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+
},
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+
"Principle 4": {
|
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+
"Opening Comments": [],
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+
"": []
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+
},
|
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+
"Principle 5": {
|
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+
"Opening Comments": [],
|
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+
"": []
|
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+
},
|
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+
"Principle 6": {
|
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+
"Opening Comments": [],
|
48 |
+
"": []
|
49 |
+
},
|
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+
"Principle 7": {
|
51 |
+
"Opening Comments": [],
|
52 |
+
"": []
|
53 |
+
},
|
54 |
+
"Principle 8": {
|
55 |
+
"Opening Comments": [],
|
56 |
+
"": []
|
57 |
+
},
|
58 |
+
"Principle 9": {
|
59 |
+
"Opening Comments": [],
|
60 |
+
"": []
|
61 |
+
},
|
62 |
+
"Principle 10": {
|
63 |
+
"Opening Comments": [],
|
64 |
+
"": []
|
65 |
+
}
|
66 |
+
},
|
67 |
+
"Part Two, The Prohibition Against Rechilut": {
|
68 |
+
"Principle 1": {
|
69 |
+
"Opening Comments": [],
|
70 |
+
"": []
|
71 |
+
},
|
72 |
+
"Principle 2": {
|
73 |
+
"Opening Comments": [],
|
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+
"": []
|
75 |
+
},
|
76 |
+
"Principle 3": {
|
77 |
+
"Opening Comments": [],
|
78 |
+
"": []
|
79 |
+
},
|
80 |
+
"Principle 4": {
|
81 |
+
"Opening Comments": [],
|
82 |
+
"": []
|
83 |
+
},
|
84 |
+
"Principle 5": {
|
85 |
+
"Opening Comments": [],
|
86 |
+
"": []
|
87 |
+
},
|
88 |
+
"Principle 6": {
|
89 |
+
"Opening Comments": [],
|
90 |
+
"": []
|
91 |
+
},
|
92 |
+
"Principle 7": {
|
93 |
+
"Opening Comments": [],
|
94 |
+
"": []
|
95 |
+
},
|
96 |
+
"Principle 8": {
|
97 |
+
"Opening Comments": [],
|
98 |
+
"": []
|
99 |
+
},
|
100 |
+
"Principle 9": {
|
101 |
+
"Opening Comments": [],
|
102 |
+
"": []
|
103 |
+
}
|
104 |
+
},
|
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+
"Illustrations": {
|
106 |
+
"Illustration 1": [],
|
107 |
+
"Illustration 2": [],
|
108 |
+
"Illustration 3": [],
|
109 |
+
"Illustration 4": [],
|
110 |
+
"Illustration 5": [],
|
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+
"Illustration 6": [],
|
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+
"Illustration 7": [],
|
113 |
+
"Illustration 8": [],
|
114 |
+
"Illustration 9": [],
|
115 |
+
"Illustration 10": [],
|
116 |
+
"Illustration 11": []
|
117 |
+
},
|
118 |
+
"Responsa of the Chavot Yair": [],
|
119 |
+
"Responsa of the Maharik": [],
|
120 |
+
"Responsa of the Maharik Siman 129": [],
|
121 |
+
"Aliyot d'Rabeinu Yonah, from the Shitah Mekubetzet": []
|
122 |
+
},
|
123 |
+
"schema": {
|
124 |
+
"heTitle": "ืืคืฅ ืืืื",
|
125 |
+
"enTitle": "Chafetz Chaim",
|
126 |
+
"key": "Chafetz Chaim",
|
127 |
+
"nodes": [
|
128 |
+
{
|
129 |
+
"heTitle": "ืืงืืื",
|
130 |
+
"enTitle": "Preface"
|
131 |
+
},
|
132 |
+
{
|
133 |
+
"heTitle": "ืคืชืืื ืืืืืืช ืืฉืื ืืจืข ืืจืืืืืช",
|
134 |
+
"enTitle": "Introduction to the Laws of the Prohibition of Lashon Hara and Rechilut",
|
135 |
+
"nodes": [
|
136 |
+
{
|
137 |
+
"heTitle": "ืืงืืื",
|
138 |
+
"enTitle": "Opening Comments"
|
139 |
+
},
|
140 |
+
{
|
141 |
+
"heTitle": "ืืืืื",
|
142 |
+
"enTitle": "Negative Commandments"
|
143 |
+
},
|
144 |
+
{
|
145 |
+
"heTitle": "ืขืฉืืื",
|
146 |
+
"enTitle": "Positive Commandments"
|
147 |
+
},
|
148 |
+
{
|
149 |
+
"heTitle": "ืืจืืจืื",
|
150 |
+
"enTitle": "Curses"
|
151 |
+
}
|
152 |
+
]
|
153 |
+
},
|
154 |
+
{
|
155 |
+
"heTitle": "ืืืง ืจืืฉืื: ืืืืืช ืืืกืืจื ืืฉืื ืืจืข",
|
156 |
+
"enTitle": "Part One, The Prohibition Against Lashon Hara",
|
157 |
+
"nodes": [
|
158 |
+
{
|
159 |
+
"heTitle": "ืืื ื",
|
160 |
+
"enTitle": "Principle 1",
|
161 |
+
"nodes": [
|
162 |
+
{
|
163 |
+
"heTitle": "ืืขืจืืช ืืงืืืืืช",
|
164 |
+
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52 |
+
"But we, Israel, the children of Avraham, Yitzchak, and Yaakov have a received tradition, as is known, that the Oral Torah includes not only the Talmud and the other works of our Sages which have already been written or printed. Rather, every explanation and virtuous practice which the people of Israel inherit from their parents or teachers, as long as it does not oppose the holy Torah, is considered part of the Oral Torah and our accepted traditions, and we are bound in it by the prohibition of โDo not stray.โ (Devarim 28:14) [Examples] of this type [of tradition] are calling the letter shaped ื โalefโ and the letter shaped ื โbetโ and so too all the letters, and the fact that lo means negation and that hen means affirmation, and that seven days after the [accepted] beginning of the week is considered to be Shabbat and sanctified as such. About all of these and the many things similar to them, the knowledge of which cannot emerge from books and are known only through tradition from our ancestors and teachers, we say that they are received from Moshe at Sinai through direct transmission. So, too, the explanation of the hue of techelet is known and clear to every child of Israel who attends school. When he learns in the Torah of Moshe the word โtecheletโ his teacher explains to him (blue wool), and the knowledge received from his teacher is acceptable knowledge. And so, we have a clear received tradition about the hue of the color techelet. And why should we involve ourselves with academic analyses which can neither help nor hurt? Even if a wise and brilliant person would come and enumerate proofs like sand against our received tradition it would be forbidden for us to listen to him, and we are warned agains this as part of the prohibition of โDo not stray.โ"
|
53 |
+
],
|
54 |
+
"First Article": [],
|
55 |
+
"Second Article": [],
|
56 |
+
"Third Article": []
|
57 |
+
},
|
58 |
+
"schema": {
|
59 |
+
"heTitle": "ืขืื ืืชืืืช",
|
60 |
+
"enTitle": "Ein HaTekhelet",
|
61 |
+
"key": "Ein HaTekhelet",
|
62 |
+
"nodes": [
|
63 |
+
{
|
64 |
+
"heTitle": "ืืงืืื",
|
65 |
+
"enTitle": "Introduction"
|
66 |
+
},
|
67 |
+
{
|
68 |
+
"heTitle": "ืคืจื ืืจืืฉืื",
|
69 |
+
"enTitle": "First Article"
|
70 |
+
},
|
71 |
+
{
|
72 |
+
"heTitle": "ืคืจื ืืฉื ื",
|
73 |
+
"enTitle": "Second Article"
|
74 |
+
},
|
75 |
+
{
|
76 |
+
"heTitle": "ืคืจื ืืฉืืืฉื",
|
77 |
+
"enTitle": "Third Article"
|
78 |
+
}
|
79 |
+
]
|
80 |
+
}
|
81 |
+
}
|
json/Halakhah/Acharonim/Ein HaTekhelet/English/merged.json
ADDED
@@ -0,0 +1,82 @@
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|
1 |
+
{
|
2 |
+
"title": "Ein HaTekhelet",
|
3 |
+
"language": "en",
|
4 |
+
"versionTitle": "merged",
|
5 |
+
"versionSource": "https://www.sefaria.org/Ein_HaTekhelet",
|
6 |
+
"text": {
|
7 |
+
"Introduction": [
|
8 |
+
"",
|
9 |
+
"",
|
10 |
+
"",
|
11 |
+
"",
|
12 |
+
"",
|
13 |
+
"",
|
14 |
+
"",
|
15 |
+
"",
|
16 |
+
"",
|
17 |
+
"",
|
18 |
+
"",
|
19 |
+
"",
|
20 |
+
"",
|
21 |
+
"",
|
22 |
+
"",
|
23 |
+
"",
|
24 |
+
"",
|
25 |
+
"",
|
26 |
+
"",
|
27 |
+
"",
|
28 |
+
"",
|
29 |
+
"",
|
30 |
+
"",
|
31 |
+
"",
|
32 |
+
"",
|
33 |
+
"",
|
34 |
+
"",
|
35 |
+
"",
|
36 |
+
"",
|
37 |
+
"",
|
38 |
+
"",
|
39 |
+
"",
|
40 |
+
"",
|
41 |
+
"One of them said from in hiding [i.e. anonymously] that he cannot put the techelet on his tallit because he is unsure about the hue of the techelet: is it red, or black, or green. And according to his opinion it should be a shade of red. And he said that he has already written a special pamphlet here he has treated the matter at length and has not come to a conclusion.",
|
42 |
+
"But we, Israel, the children of Avraham, Yitzchak, and Yaakov have a received tradition, as is known, that the Oral Torah includes not only the Talmud and the other works of our Sages which have already been written or printed. Rather, every explanation and virtuous practice which the people of Israel inherit from their parents or teachers, as long as it does not oppose the holy Torah, is considered part of the Oral Torah and our accepted traditions, and we are bound in it by the prohibition of โDo not stray.โ (Devarim 28:14) [Examples] of this type [of tradition] are calling the letter shaped ื โalefโ and the letter shaped ื โbetโ and so too all the letters, and the fact that lo means negation and that hen means affirmation, and that seven days after the [accepted] beginning of the week is considered to be Shabbat and sanctified as such. About all of these and the many things similar to them, the knowledge of which cannot emerge from books and are known only through tradition from our ancestors and teachers, we say that they are received from Moshe at Sinai through direct transmission. So, too, the explanation of the hue of techelet is known and clear to every child of Israel who attends school. When he learns in the Torah of Moshe the word โtecheletโ his teacher explains to him (blue wool), and the knowledge received from his teacher is acceptable knowledge. And so, we have a clear received tradition about the hue of the color techelet. And why should we involve ourselves with academic analyses which can neither help nor hurt? Even if a wise and brilliant person would come and enumerate proofs like sand against our received tradition it would be forbidden for us to listen to him, and we are warned agains this as part of the prohibition of โDo not stray.โ"
|
43 |
+
],
|
44 |
+
"First Article": [],
|
45 |
+
"Second Article": [],
|
46 |
+
"Third Article": []
|
47 |
+
},
|
48 |
+
"versions": [
|
49 |
+
[
|
50 |
+
"YU Torah miTzion Beit Midrash",
|
51 |
+
"http://www.torontotorah.com"
|
52 |
+
]
|
53 |
+
],
|
54 |
+
"heTitle": "ืขืื ืืชืืืช",
|
55 |
+
"categories": [
|
56 |
+
"Halakhah",
|
57 |
+
"Acharonim"
|
58 |
+
],
|
59 |
+
"schema": {
|
60 |
+
"heTitle": "ืขืื ืืชืืืช",
|
61 |
+
"enTitle": "Ein HaTekhelet",
|
62 |
+
"key": "Ein HaTekhelet",
|
63 |
+
"nodes": [
|
64 |
+
{
|
65 |
+
"heTitle": "ืืงืืื",
|
66 |
+
"enTitle": "Introduction"
|
67 |
+
},
|
68 |
+
{
|
69 |
+
"heTitle": "ืคืจื ืืจืืฉืื",
|
70 |
+
"enTitle": "First Article"
|
71 |
+
},
|
72 |
+
{
|
73 |
+
"heTitle": "ืคืจื ืืฉื ื",
|
74 |
+
"enTitle": "Second Article"
|
75 |
+
},
|
76 |
+
{
|
77 |
+
"heTitle": "ืคืจื ืืฉืืืฉื",
|
78 |
+
"enTitle": "Third Article"
|
79 |
+
}
|
80 |
+
]
|
81 |
+
}
|
82 |
+
}
|
json/Halakhah/Acharonim/Ein HaTekhelet/Hebrew/Ein HaTekhelet, B'nei Brak, 1999.json
ADDED
The diff for this file is too large to render.
See raw diff
|
|
json/Halakhah/Acharonim/Ein HaTekhelet/Hebrew/merged.json
ADDED
The diff for this file is too large to render.
See raw diff
|
|
json/Halakhah/Acharonim/Geder Olam/Hebrew/Warsaw, 1892.json
ADDED
@@ -0,0 +1,144 @@
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|
|
1 |
+
{
|
2 |
+
"language": "he",
|
3 |
+
"title": "Geder Olam",
|
4 |
+
"versionSource": "https://www.nli.org.il/he/books/NNL_ALEPH001960725/NLI",
|
5 |
+
"versionTitle": "Warsaw, 1892",
|
6 |
+
"status": "locked",
|
7 |
+
"license": "Public Domain",
|
8 |
+
"actualLanguage": "he",
|
9 |
+
"languageFamilyName": "hebrew",
|
10 |
+
"isBaseText": true,
|
11 |
+
"isSource": true,
|
12 |
+
"isPrimary": true,
|
13 |
+
"direction": "rtl",
|
14 |
+
"heTitle": "ืืืจ ืขืืื",
|
15 |
+
"categories": [
|
16 |
+
"Halakhah",
|
17 |
+
"Acharonim"
|
18 |
+
],
|
19 |
+
"text": {
|
20 |
+
"Title Page": [
|
21 |
+
"ืกืคืจ ืณืืืจ ืขืืืืณ ืขื ืืืืช ืืฆื ืืขืืช ืืืืืืช ืืืคืจื ืืขื ืื ืืืกืื ืืจืืฉ ืืืฉื ืื ืฉืืื ืืืช ืืจื ืจืืื ื ืืืคืฅ ืืืื ืืฆืดื",
|
22 |
+
"ืื ืืืืืจ ืขื ืื ืืืืจ ืฉืืืจื ืืชืืจื ืืื ืืช ืืฉืจืื ืื ืฉืืืืช ืืืืืช ืฉืขืจืืชืืื ืืืืกืืช, ืื ืืื ืืืื ื ืฉืื ืืืืื ืงืืึผืช ืจืืฉ ืืขื ืื ืืื ืืคืจื, ืืืคืจืฆืช ืืืจ ืืฆื ืืขืืช ืืืื, ืืื ืื ืืืจื ืืืื ืชืงืืืช ืืืืืืช, ืืืื ืืื ืืฆื ืืืขืื ืืืืืขื ืฉืื ื ืขืืื ื ืืื ื ืืืืขืื ืฉืื ืขืืื ืืืื, ืขื ืื ืืื ื ืืืืื ืืืจืืืช ืืคื ื ืืื ืืช ืืืื ืืขืืื ืืืขืื ืฉ ืฉืืฉ ืขืืืจ ืื, ืืืืื ืืฉืืจ ืฉืืฉ ืืื ืืืจืื ืืื ืืืื ืขืืดื ืืชืืงื ืงืฆืช ืคืจืฆืช ืืืืจ, ืื ืืื ืืืืืจ ืคืจืฆืช ืืจืืฉืืื ืืืืจื ืืืืื ื ืืื."
|
23 |
+
],
|
24 |
+
"Introduction": [
|
25 |
+
"ืื ื ืืืฉืจ ื ืชืืื ื ืืืืจื ืืืดื ื ืืฆื ืฉืืืืช ืืฆื ืืขืืช ืืื ืืืื ืืืืื ืืื ืืืืื ืขืืืจ ืื ืืืืืื ืื ืื ืชืดื, ืืืืืจืื ื ืืืืจื <small>(ืืืื ืืฃ ืืดื)</small> ืชื ื ืจืื ื ืฉืืขื ืื ืื ืืื ืื ืืืืื ืฉืืฉื ืืืืื ื ืืืืื, ืืืจื ืื ืืืืื ืื ืขืฉืืช ืฉืืืืช ืืื ืืืจื ืืื ืืืื ืื ืจืื ืงืืจืืช ืืืชื ืงืืขื ืฉืขืจื, ืืืืืคื ืืืช ืืืฆืืคืืช ืืืจืืช ืืืืืื ืื ืื ืขืื ืคื ืื ืืดื. ืืืขืืดื ื ืชืคืจืฅ ืืืืื ืืืช ืืฆื ืืขืืช ืืื ืืืืืชืจ ืืขื ืื ืืืืื ืฉืขืจ ืจืืฉ ืืืฉื ืื ืฉืืื ืฉื ืขืฉื ืืืคืงืจ ืืืืื ื ืฉืื ืฉืืืืืืช ืืคืจืืกืื ืืขืื ื ืืื ืืฉืขืจืืชืืื ืืืืืืืช, ืืื ืขื ืืืืื ืืจืืขืืชืืื ืืื ื ืืงืคืืืืช, ืืืื ืืืฆืืื ืขืื ืืื ืงืืงืืืื ืืืืืื ืืืื ืืืืช ืืืืคืื ืืจืืืช ืืฉืืจื ืืืจื ืงืืืฉื ืฉื ืืืจืืช ืืืชื ืืฉืจืื ืืื ืืื, ืืื ืืคืฉืจ ืืืืืจ ืฉืื ืืื ื ืื ืืืฉื, ืืืืจ ืืืืดื <small>(ืืจืืืช ืืดื)</small> ืืืคื ืืืฉื ืืืงืื ืฉืฆืจืื ืืืืืช ืืืืกื ืืื ืืืื ืขืจืื, ืืื ืฉืขืจ ืืืฉื ืขืจืื ืืืกืืจ ืืืืจ ืฉืื ืืืจื ืงืืืฉื ื ืืื.",
|
26 |
+
"ืืื ื ืืืืข ืฉืื ืืืจืืืช ืื ืฉืืจื ืืืจืึพืชืืจื ืืืื ืฉืื ื ืืืจืื ืืืืื ืื ืืืืืื ืืจืื ืืงืืืฉื ืืืฉืจืื, ืืื ืฉืืชืื ืณืืื ืืืงืื ืืฉืจ ืืืืืจ ืืช ืฉืื ืืืื ืืืื ืืืจืืชืืืณ ืืื ืื ืฉืืืจื ืืืฉืจืื ืืื ืฆืจื ืืคืืข, ืืื ืฉืืชืื ืณืื ืืณ ืืืืื ืืชืืื ืืงืจื ืืื ื ืืืฆืืื ืืืณ ืืืื ืืื ืื ืงืืืฉ ืืืืณ, ืืื ืืืื ืฉืื ื ืืืจืืช ื ืื ืขืจืื ืืดื ืืืจ ืืชืื ืณืืื ืืจืื ืื ืขืจืืช ืืืจ ืืฉื ืืืืจืืืณ. ื ืืฆื ืื ืขื ืืื ืื ืืืื ืืืจืืื ืืืฉืจืื ืืืืืช ื ืชืื ืื ืืืกืชืจ ืคื ืื ืืดื, ืืื ืืืชื ืืืืืดืง ืคืจืฉืช ื ืฉื ืฉืืืจ ืื ืืืจื ืืฉืจืืช ืกืืจื ืืืจื ืืืืชื ืืืืจื ืืกืืื ืืชื ืืืืชื. ืขื ืื ื ืื ืืื ืืขืืดื ืืืกืืฃ ืืช ืื ืืืืจื ืืืดื ืืฉืืืืื ืืขื ืื ืื, ืืืืจืืืช ืืคื ื ืืื ืืช ืืืื ืืขืืื ืืืขืื ืฉ ืฉืืฉ ืืื, ืืืืื ืืืขืื ืืืืฉื ืืฆื ืืขื ืืืจืืื, ืฉืขืืดื ืืื ืืืื ืืื ืื ืืจืื ืืฉื ืืืฉืืืื ืฉืืืืจ, ืืืื ืขื ืืื ืื ืืจืื ืืืงืื ืืืกืจ ืืืชืืงื ืงืฆืช ืืคืจืฆื ืืืืืื ืืืืช, ืืืืืืช ืื ื ืืื ืืจืืืช ืืื ืื ืืจืืฉืืื ืืืจืื ืืขื ืื ืื ืืืดื.",
|
27 |
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"ืื ื ืืืืืจ ืืืืจื ืืืืื ื ืืดื ืืืื ืืืืกืืจ ืฉื ืืืฉื ืฉืืืฆืื ืืฉืืง ืืจืืฉื ืคืจืืข ืขื ืฉืืืจื ืขืดื ืฉืืื ืืืกืืจ ืืืืืจืืืชื, ืืืคืืื ืืืชื ืืืืกื ืฉืขืจืืชืื ืืืงืฆืช ืืื ืื ืืืื <small>(ืืืื ืฉืืฉ ืงืืชื ืขื ืจืืฉื ืืืืืงืื)</small> ืืดื ืืฉ ืืืกืืจ ืืืืื ืืืจืฉื ืขืืืจ ืื ืืื ืืชืืื. ืืืขืืดื ื ืขืฉื ืืืืจ ืืื ืืืคืงืจ ืืขืื ื ืืจืื ื ืฉืื ืืื ืฉืื, ืืื ืขื ืืืืื ืืจืืขืืชืืื ืืื ื ืืงืคืืืืช, ืืื ืืืจืชื ืืืขืชืืง ืืคื ื ืื ืืืืืจื ืืืืคืืกืงืื ืืช ืืืื ืืืืกืืจ ืฉืืฉ ืืื, ืืื ืืื ืงืืงืืืื ืืืจืื ืฉืืืฆืืื ืืืืื ืขืืดื, ืืืื ืืจืื ืืืงืื ืืืกืจ."
|
28 |
+
],
|
29 |
+
"": [
|
30 |
+
[
|
31 |
+
"<b>ืืืืืจ ืื ืืืื ืืืืกืืจ ืืืื ื ืืืฉื ืืืื ืืคืจืืขืช ืจืืฉ ืืฉืืง</b>",
|
32 |
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"ืจืืฉืื ืืื ืืืจ ืื ืืื ืืฉื ื ืืคืืจืฉืช <small>(ืืชืืืืช ืืฃ ืขืดื)</small>: ืืืื ืืืฆืืืช ืฉืื ืืืชืืื ืืขืืืจืช ืขื ืืช ืืฉื ืืืืืืืช, ืืงืืฉืื ืฉื ืืืฉื ื ืืืจืื ืฉืขืืืจืช ืืื ืขื ืืช ืืฉื <small>(ืืืื ื ืื ืฉืืื ืื ืืชืืจื)</small> ืืืื ืฉืืืืืืชื ืืืื ืืืกืืจ ืื ืฉืืื ืืฉืืฉืชื ืืฉืืื ื ืื ืืืืดื, ืืืืื ืขืืืจืช ืขื ืืช ืืืืืืช <small>(ืืืื ื ืื ืฉืื ืืืื ืืขืืื ืืืืื ืืืฉืจืืืืช ืืงืืื ืขื ืขืฆืื ืืืืืจ ืืื ืืฉืื ืฆื ืืขืืช ืืืืจ ืื ืืืืืฆื ืืื ืืื ืืืื ืื ืฉืืืจ ืืืชืื ืณืื ืชืืืฉ ืชืืจืช ืืืืณ)</small> ืณืืืฆืื ืืฉืืง ืืจืืฉื ืคืจืืขืณ, ืืืกืืง ืฉื ืืืืจื ืืืืืจื ืืืฉื ื ืืคืืื ืืืืืฉืช ืงืืชื ืขื ืจืืฉื <small>(ืืื ืืื ืฉืืืืฉืื ืืืืื ืช ืืื ืขื ืจืืฉื ืืืฉ ืืื ืืื ืืืืขืื ืื ืืชื ืื ืฉื ืื ืฉืื ืืืื ืืืื ืฉืืื)</small> ืืคืืดื ืืกืืจ ืืืื ืืืื ื ืืืืฉืช ืืืืขืื ืจืืื ืืืจื ืื ืฉืื, ืืื ืืื ืฉืขืจืืชืื ืืืืืืช ืืืฉ ืขืืืจืืช ืืื ืขื ืืช ืืฉื, ืืื ืืฉ ืืื ืืืกืืจ ืืืืืจืืืชื, ืืืืชืื ืืืฉื ืกืืื ืณืืคืจืข ืืช ืจืืฉ ืืืฉืืณ, ืืชื ื ืืื ืจืณ ืืฉืืขืื ืืืื ืืืืจื ืืื ืืช ืืฉืจืื ืฉืื ืชืฆืื ื ืืคืจืืขืช ืจืืฉ.",
|
33 |
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"ืืืืื ื ืืืืชื ืงืจื ืฉืืื ืืืื ืืกืืจ ืืืืคืืช ืืขื ืฉืขืจืืช ืจืืฉื ืืื ืื ืืืื ืืขืื ื ืืื ืืืื ืืฉืืจื ืื ืืช ืืฉืจืื ื ืืืจืืช ืืืื ืืืืคื ืื, ืืืขืชืืง ืืืจ ืื ืืจื ืืืคืก ืืืจืืดืฉ ืืืืืืชืื, ืืื ืืชื ืืจืืืดื <small>(ืืคืืดื ืืืืืืช ืืืฉืืช)</small> ืืืดื: ืื ืฉืื ืชื ืชืืช ืืขืื ืืื ืื ืืชืืื ืื ืขืืงืจ ืืื ืชืืกืคืช.",
|
34 |
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"ืืื ืืืื ื ืืืื ืืื ืืฃ ืืขืืืจืช ืขื ืืช ืืฉื ืื ืขื ืืช ืืืืืืช, ืืืื ืื ืืืืจืื ืฉืื ืขืฉืชื ืืืช ืืื ืขืืจื ืขื ืืช ืืฉื, ืืืฆืื ืืฉืืง ืืฉืขืจ ืจืืฉื ืืืื ืื ืฉื ืืืจืช ืื ืฉื ืฉืืขืช ืืืื ื ืืงืืืืช ืื ืฉืฉืืืฉื ืืืชื ืืืื ื ืื ืื ืฉืืื ื ืงืืฆื ืื ืืืชื ืื ืฉืืืืืื ืืช ืืขืื ืืืจืื ืืกืืจืื, ืขืืดืฉ ืขืื, ืืืื ืื ืืืืจืื ืฉืื ืขืฉืชื ืืืช ืืื ืขืืจื ืขื ืืชึพืืืืืืช, ืืืฆืื ืืฉืืง ืื ืืืืื ืืคืืืฉ ืืจืืฉื ืคืจืืข ืืืื ืื ืจืืื ืืืจื ืื ืฉืื ืืขืดืค ืฉืฉืขืจื ืืืืกื ืืืืคืืช ืื ืฉืืืชื ืืฉืืงืช ืขื ืืืืจืื, ืืขืืืดืฉ ืขืื ืืืจืื <small>(ืืดื ืืงืืชื ืืงืฆืจื ืืืฉืื ื ืืืฉ)</small> ืืื ืืชื ืืืืจ ืืื ืืขืืจ ืกืืื ืงืืดื, ืืื ืืฉืืดืข ืืื ืืขืืจ ืกืืื ืงืืดื ืกืดื ืืขืชืืง ืืฉืื ืืจืืืดื ืื ืดื ืืืืื, ืืื ืื ืืคืืกืงืื ืจืืฉืื ืื ืืืืจืื ืื ืืืื ืืขืชืืงื ืืืจ ืื ืืืื ื ืืื ืืืฉื ืืืฆืืช ืืฉืืง ืืฉืขืจืืชืื ืืืืืื ืืื ืขืืืจืช ืืื ืขื ืืืกืืจ ืืืืจืืืชื:"
|
35 |
+
],
|
36 |
+
[
|
37 |
+
"<b>ืื ืืืืืจ ืืื ืืฉืขืจ ืืืฉื ืขืจืื ืืืกืืจ ืืืืจ ืฉืื ืืืจ ืงืืืฉื ื ืืื</b>",
|
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"ืืข ืขืื ืืืืื ืืืกืืจ ืคืจืืข ืจืืฉ ืืฉ ืขืื ืขื ืื ืืืจ ืฉืืืืช ืื ืฆืจืืื ืืืืืช ืฉืขืจื ืืืืกื ืืคืืื ืืืืชื ืืืืื ืืืกืื ืื ืืคืื ื ืืจืืช <small>(ืืื ืื ืฉืงืืจืื ืคืืจืืง)</small> ืืืืดื ืืกืืจ ืืคืืื ืืืขืื ืืืืจ ืฉืื ืืืจ ืงืืืฉื ื ืืื, ืืืฉืขืจ ืืื ืืืื ืขืจืื ืืื ืฉืืืจื ืืืดื <small>(ืืืจืืืช ืืดื)</small> ืณืฉืขืจ ืืืฉื ืขืจืืืณ ืฉื ืืืจ ืืืืณ ืขืืดืฉ, ืืื ืคืกืง ืืืืคืก ืืืจืืืดื ืืืจืืดืฉ ืืืืืจ ืืืฉืืดืข ืืื ืืคืืกืงืื ืจืืฉืื ืื ืืืืจืื ืื.",
|
39 |
+
"ืืื ืืฉืื ืืฉืืดืข ืืืจื ืืืื ืืกืืื ืขืดื ืกืดื: ืณืฉืขืจ ืฉื ืืฉื ืฉืืจืื ืืืกืืชื ืืกืืจ ืืงืจืืช ืื ืืื ืืคืืื ืืฉืชืืณ, ืืืคืืื ืื ื ืชืืื ืจืง ืงืฆืช ืืื , ืืืคืืื ืื ืืจื ืืฉื ืื ืืืืจืืชืื ืืืืชื ืืงืื ืืืื ืืืืืื ืฉืขืจื ืืฉืืง ืืืจื ืืคืจืืฆืืช ืืกืืจ ืืงืจืืช ืื ืืื, ืืืื ืื ืืื ืืจืืขืืชืื ืืฉืืงื ืืืืืื ืืืกืืจ ืืื ืืืื ื ืืงืจืืช ืื ืืื ืืืื ืฉืืชื ืืกืคืจ ืชืคืืจืช ืฉืืืื ืืืืืื ืจืื ืืืืึพืืื."
|
40 |
+
],
|
41 |
+
[
|
42 |
+
"<b>ืื ืืืืืจ ืืื ืืืื ืืืกืืจืื ืืื ืืื ืกืช ืืขืฆืื ืขื ืืื ืื ืืื ืืจืข ืืื. ืืืื ืชืฆืืจื ืืืกืืฃ ืืกืืื ืขืื ืฉืื ืขืืืจ ืื</b>",
|
43 |
+
"ื๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝื ืืืืข ืืื ืื ืฉืืืื ืืืืจื ืืืืื ื ืืดื ืืืืืืง ืืืืื ืฉืืฉ ืืื ืืขืืฉื ืืืื ืืืกืืจ ืคืขื ืืืช ืืคื ื ืฉื ืชืืืจ ืขืืื ืืืฆืจ ืืืื ืื ืฉืืืคืงืจ ืืฆืื ืืืืกืืจ ืืืืจื ืืจืืื ื ืืื ื ืืฉืขืจื ืชืฉืืื <small>(ืฉืขืจ ืืณ ืืืช ืืณ)</small> ืืืจืื ืืื ืืจืื ืืืชื ืฉืื ืืืืฉ ืฉืืืคืงืจ ืืฆืื ืืืื ืขืื ืืืืจื โ ืขื ืคืืฉืขืื ื ืื ื, ืืืืื ืขืื ื ืื ืฉืื, ืืืื ื ืงืจื ืืคื ืืืืื ื ืืดื ืืฉืืื ืื ืืฉื ืืืืจ ืืืืจ ืืื ืขืืืจ ืื ืฉืคืืจืง ืืขื ืขืฆืื ืขืื ืืฆืื ืืืช ืืืฆืืช ืืณ, ืืขืดื ืืืืืฆื ืืื ื ืืืจ ืณืืจืืจ ืืฉืจ ืื ืืงืื ืืช ืืืจื ืืชืืจื ืืืืช ืืขืฉืืช ืืืชืืณ, ืฉืคืืจืืฉื ืืฉืจ ืื ืืงืื ืขื ืขืฆืื ืืงืืื ืืช ืื ืืืจื ืืชืืจื ืืจืืฉ ืืขื ืกืืฃ. ืื ืื ืืืืจ ืืืืจ ืืขืื ืืจืื ืื ืืฉืจ ืชืืืจ ืืื ืืขืฉื ืืืืช ืืืืจ ืืื ืืืจ ืฉืืจ ืขืื ืืืื ืื ืืขืืื ืืืืฉืจ ืืขืื ืื ืืขืฉื.",
|
44 |
+
"ืืื ื ืืื ืื ืืืืื ื ืืื ืืช ืืืื ืืขืืื ืฉื ืืืฉื ืฉืืจืืืช ืขืฆืื ืืื ืืืื ืืืื ืืฉืืง ืืขืื ื ืืืจืืืช ืืฉืขืจืืชืื ืืืืืืืช, ืื ืืื ืืืืืช ืขืฆืื ืืขืืืจื ืืื ืืืืจื ืืืดื <small>(ืืืืจืฉ ืฉืืืจ ืืื)</small> ืื ืืืืืื ืขืฆืื ืืขืืืจื ืืื ืื ืืืืื ืขืืืืืช, ืืืืืข ืืื ืื ืฉืืืจ ืืืชืื ืณืืื ืืืฉืื ืืขืืื ืืืืื ืืฉืื ืืืขืืืช ืืขืืื ืืืืืณ, ืืืืื ื ืืขืช ืฉืืืื ืืชืืื ืืขืฉืืช ืืขืืื ื ืืื ืื ืืขืื ืื ืฉืืื ืืืกืืจ ืงืื ืืื ืืืชืืจ ืืขืฆืื ืืขืฉืืช ืืืจ ืื, ืืื ืืฉืืื ืืืคืื ืืืืืจ ืืืืคืื ื ืขืฉื ืืืกืืฃ ืขื ืืขืืืช ืืขืืื, ืื ืืคืืื ืืื ืืฉื ืืฉืืืคืื ืืจืื ืืื ืืืื ืืขืฉืืช ืืื ืขื ืืืดืฉ ืืฉืืืคืื ืืื ืขื ืืืืคื ืื ืืื ืืื ืืืง ืืืื ืืื ืขืฆืื.",
|
45 |
+
"ืื ืืื ืืขื ืืื ื ื, ืื ืืคืืื ืื ืืื ืืืืกืืจ ืงืื ืืื ื ืืฉื ืืขืื ืืืื ืขืดื ืืคืืืชื ืืื ืคืขืืื, ืืืดืฉ ืืื ืฉืืืืกืืจ ืืฆื ืขืฆืื ืืื ืืดื ืืืื ืืื ื ืืคืื ืจืขืชื ืขืดื ืืคืืืชื ืฉืืืคืื ืืช ืืขืืื ืืืืคืื ืืืื ืืืื. ืื ืืืืข ืืื ืื ืฉืืืจื ืืืืื ื ืืดื ืฉืืื ืขืืืจื ืฉืืืื ืขืืฉื ืืขืืืดื ื ืืจื ืืืื ืืืื ืืื ืืืืื ื ืืืดื ืืืืื ื ืงืืชื ืืื ื ืขืืืจ ืื ืืืื, ืืืืืื ืื ืืืื ืื ืืืื ืืืืืืื ืื ืืืื ืืขืช ืคืืืจืชื ืืฉืืื ืืืื ืืืืช ืขืืืื.",
|
46 |
+
"ืืดื ืืื ืฆืจืืื ืืืฉื ืฉืืืจืืืช ืืื ืืืื ืืืชืืื ื ืชืืื ืขื ืืขื ืื ืื ืืจื ืืื ืืืืจื ืฉืืื ืืืืื ืืืืืื ืฉืืฆืื ืืฉืืง ืืขืื ื ืืืจืืืช ืืฉืขืจืืชืื ืืืืืืืช ืชืืช ืืฉืจ ืืฉืื ืืืชืืืคืืช ืขืฆืื ืืื ื ืืจื ืื ืืืื ืืืฉืืืช ืืืืื ื ืงืืชื ืืื ื, ืืดื ืืื ืืืคืื ืืืืื ืืืื ืืืืื ืื ืืช ืขืฆืื ืืืืชืื ืื ืขื ืขืช ืคืืืจืชื ืืืืืชื ืืืืืื ื ืงืืชื ืืื ื, ืืฉื ืชืฆืขืง ืืชื ืื ืณืืื ืืืืืืณ ืขื ืืขืฉืื ืืจืขืื, ืืืื ืื ืืืขืื ืื ืืืื ืฉืืืจ ืืืชืื <small>(ืืืฉืื ืืณ)</small> ืณืื ืืืช ืืืืจืืชื ืืืืืช ืืฉืจื ืืฉืืจืืณ. ืืืื ืืขืฆืื ืชืชืืืื ืืืกืืฃ ืขื ืื ืืขืื ืืช ืฉืขืฉืชื ืืขืืืดื, ืืื ืฉืืืจื ืืืดื ืขื ืืคืกืืง ืณืขืืืจื ืืขืืง ืืืื ืืขืื ืืฉืืชืืื ืื ืืจืืืช ืืขืื ืืืจืืณ โ ืืืื ืฉืืจืฉืข ืืชืืืื ืืฉื ืฉืืืฆืืจืข ืืชืืืื ืืืืืจ: ืณืื ื ืคืืื ื ืื ืคืืื ื ืขืืจืชื ืขืืืจื ืคืืื ืืช ืืืงืื ืคืืื ื ืืืื ืคืืื ื ืืคื ื ืคืืื ื ืืืขืื ืคืืื ื ืืคืืื ืืณ, ืืื ืืฆืืืงืื ืขืืืื ืื ืืช ืืื ื ืืืืืจืื ืืคื ืื ืณืจืืืื ื ืฉื ืขืืื, ืืคื ืื ืช. ืืคื ืืืืืช, ืืคื ืืืืืช. ืืคื ืชืืงื ืช ืืืื ืื ืืจืฉืขืื ืืืดืข ืืฆืืืงืื. ืืื ืืืจื ืืืืจื ืืืกืืช ืกืืื <small>(ืืฃ ืืณ ืขืดื)</small> ืณืืืืื ืฉืืื ืืืื ืื ืืืืืื ืื, ืืืฉืืื ืืื ืืฉืขืจื ืื ืชืื ืืฉืขืจื ืืืืณ ืขืืดืฉ. ืืืคื ืื ืืขื ืื ื ื ืฉืืืื ืืื ืืฆื ืฉืขืจืืชืื ืืืืืืืช ืืขืื ื ืืื, ืืืืืื ืื ืืื ืืืื ืืืืฉืืืชืื ืฉื ืืจืื ืืืฉืขืจืืช ืืขื ืืฉื ืืืดื ืืฉืขืจืืชืื ืืืคื ืืืืื ืื, ืขื ืื ืืชืืื ื ืืืื ืืื ืื ืืขืืื ืืืืื ืืืื ืืืจืื ืืฉืืดืช ืืื ืฆื ืืื ืฆืจื:"
|
47 |
+
],
|
48 |
+
[
|
49 |
+
"<b>ืื ืืืืืจ ืคืืชืื ืืืฆืจ ืฉืืฉ ืืขื ืื ืื</b>",
|
50 |
+
"ืืื ืืืขื ืืืชื ืืืฆืจ ืฉืชื ืฆื ืื ืืืื ืืคื ื ืฉืืืชื ืฆืจืืื ืืืชืงืฉื ืขืฆืื ืืขืื ื ืืขืื ืฉืื ืชืชืื ื ืขืืื, ืื ืืืืช ืืืื ืืขืืช, ืืื ืฉืืื ืจืง ืืืืชื ืืื ืืื ืืฉืืง, ืืขืื ืืื ืืืืชื ืืื ืื ืขืฆื ืืืื ืืืืื ืืืกืื ื ืื ืื ืืคืื ื ืืจืืช <small>(ืคืืจืืง)</small> ืขื ืจืืฉื ืืื ืืืืืช ืฉืขืจืืชืื.",
|
51 |
+
"ืืื ื ืืืฉืจ ื ืชืืื ื ื ืืฆื ืฉืฉืชื ืกืืืืช ืืืจืืืช ืืื ืืขืืื ืืืื, ืืื ืืคื ื ืืขืฆืืืช ืฉืืชืขืฆืืช ืืืจืื ืืื ืืื ืืืืืฉ ืืืื ืืืกืื ืขื ืฉืขืจื, ืืขืื ืืคื ื ืคืืชืื ืืืฆืจ ืฉืืกืืชื ืืืคืืช ืืช ืขืฆืื ืืคื ื ืื ื ืืื ืืืืชืงืฉื ืืฉืขืจืืชืื, ืืขื ืฉืชืืื ืืื ืขืชืืื ืืืชื ืืื ืืืฉืืื.",
|
52 |
+
"ืืืืืช ืืื ืฆืจืื ืืืื ืืืจื ืืืคืื ืืฉืืชืืื ื ืืขื ืื ืื ืฉืืืกืืฃ ืืฉืืขืื ืืืขืื ืืคื ื ืืกื ืืืืื ืืชืืจื ืืืชื ืืื ืืืฉืืื ืืืจืื ืืช ืืืจ ืืืื ืืืงืื ื ืืื ืฉืืฉ ืื ืืื ืืืคืื ืจืืืืช ืืชืืช ืฉื ืืืืื ืืฉืจืช ืฉืขืืืืื ืชืืื ืืคื ื ืืืืื ืืชืืจื, ืืืืืืจ ืืืชืื ืณืืืฃ ืืืคืื ืืฉืืฉืื ื ืืจืืื ืจืืืื ืงืืืืื ืืงืืืืืณ, ืืืืื ืืขืื ืืืืื ืืคื ืื ืืขืืฉืื ืืืืื ืจืฆืื ืงืื ื, ืืฉืืจืื ืืืื ืืช ืื ืื ืืื ืื ืืืืฉ ืื ืืขืฆืื ืืฉืจ ืืฉืืื ืืืื ืขืฆืืืช ืื ืืฉืืื ืืืื ืื ืื ืงืื ืืขืืืดื ืืืคืืช ืืช ืขืฆืื ืืคื ื ืื ื ืืื ืืืืชืงืฉื ืืคื ืืื ืืฉืจ ืืื ืืดื ืืืฉื ืขืคืจ ืืืืชื ืขืืจ ืืื ืคืขืืื ืขื ืจืฆืื ื ืฉื ืืืื ืืณ ืืชืืจื ืืฉืจ ืืื ืืืงื ืื ืืฆืืืืช ืืืื, ืืืคืจื ืืฉืืฉืืืืื ืืืืืจื ืื: ืณืืคื ืกืจืืื! ืืื ืื ืืจืื ืืืจืื ืืืืจืื, ืขืืื ืืืื ืืืืจ ืืขืฉืื! ืืื ืืื ืืชื ืืืื ืืืฉืื ืื ืืืื ืืืฉืื ืขืืืจืืณ ืืื ืืืืกื ืื ืืืื ืคื ืื.",
|
53 |
+
"ืืื ื ืืชื ื ืืืจ ืืกืชืื ืืฉืืฉื ืืืจืื ืืืืณ ืืืื ืืชื ืืืื ืืืงืื ืขืคืจ ืืืืณ ืืืคื ื ืื ืืชื ืขืชืื ืืืชื ืืื ืืืืณ, ืื ืฉืืืจ ืืื ืืืฉืื ื ืืื ืณืืชื ืืืื, ืืชื ืขืชืืืณ ืืื ืืืจ ืืืฉืื ื ืกืชืจ ืณืืกืชืื ืืืื ืืฉืืฉื ืืืจืื, ืืืื ืื, ืืืื ืืื, ืืืคื ื ืื ืืื ืขืชืื ืืืชื ืืื ืืืืด, ืื ืืืืช ืื ื ืจืืืื ืืืืฉ ืฉืื ืืื ืืืืข ืืืืจืืจ ืืฉืืื ืืืื ืืืืืช ืืืช ืื ืืืืช ืืืื ืฉืืืื ืขืชืื ืืืืช ืืืขืคืดื ืืื ืคืืขื ืื ืื ืคืฉื ืคืขืืื ืจืื ืืืคืขืืื ืืื ื ืคืืขื ืืื, ืืืื ืืืขื ืฉืืื ืืฆืืืจ ืจืง ืฉืคืืื ื ืืช, ืืื ืืชื ื ืืืจื ืื ื ืฉืืขืืงืจ ืฉืืืื ืืฆืืืจ ืื ืคืฉื ืชืืื ืืช ืืฆืื ืืขืชืืื ืฉืืืืื ืืื ื ืฉืืื ืืื ืืฉืจ ืึตืขึธืฉืึถื ืืืกืืฃ ืจืื ืืชืืืขื ืืืื ืืื ืืฉืจ ืืฆืืจื ืืืชื ืืื ืืืฉืืื ืืคื ื ืืื ืืขืืืืื ืืฉืจ ืื ืืฉื ืคื ืื ืืื ืืงื ืฉืื, ืืืื ืืืจ ืณืืชื ืืืื ืืชื ืขืชืืืณ. ืืืฉืืชืืื ื ืืืื ืื ืื ืืขืืื ืืืืื ืืืืืื ืฉืืฉื ืืชืืจื ืืืืื ืื ืืื ืืืื:"
|
54 |
+
],
|
55 |
+
[
|
56 |
+
"<b>ืื ืืืืืจ ืขืื ืคืืชืื ืืืฆืจ ืฉืืฉ ืืขื ืืื ืื</b>",
|
57 |
+
"ืื ืื ืืคืชื ืืืชื ืืืฆืจ ืืืืจ ืืื ืื ืืืืื ืื ื ืืขืืจ ืืืืจ ืื, ืืืื ืฉืืืื ืฉื ืขื ืฉืืจ ืื ืืช ืืฉืจืื ื ืฉื ืืขืืจ ืืืืฆืืืช ืคืจืืขืืชึพืจืืฉ ืืฉืืง ืื ืืืื ืขืืื. ืืืฉืื ืื ืืฉื ืืื ืืืืจ ืืืื, ืืืื ืฉื ืชืคืก ืื ืืืฉ ืืืืช ืืืกืืจืื ืขื ืืืื ืขืืืื ืึทืึตืึทืจ ืื ืฉื, ืืืื ืื ืฉื ืืื ืืฉื ื. ืืืืืื ืืืื ืืืื ืืืืช ืืืื ืื ืืื ืืืกืคืจื ืื ืื ืื ืืงืจืื ืืืจืข ืืืจ ืืื ืืืืื ื ืืืจืช ืืืื ืืืจ ืคืืื ื ืืืืื ื ืืื ืืื ื ืืืฉ ืืืืคื ืงืฉื ืืื ืืืฉ, ืืืขื ืืืืืจ ืืื ืืื ืืืืจ ืืื ื ืืืื ืืื ืืื, ืืื ืืื ื ืืืื ืืื ืืืื ืืืืชื ืืกืคืจืื ืื ืฉืืืกืืฃ ื ืืฆืื ืืืชื ืคืืื ื ืืื ืืขืื ืฉ ืืคืฉืจ ืฉืืืืชื ืืคืืืื ืื ืืืืืชื ืืืงืฆืช ืขืืดื, ืื ืขืืดืค ืื ืืืืชื ืืกืคืจืื ืื ืฉืคืืื ื ืืืืื ื ื ืชืคืก ืืดื ืขื ืขื ืืื ืื ืืืืื ืื ืืืจ ืืืื ืืดื ื ืืืฉ ืขืื ืืืืจื ืืคืฉืจ ืฉืื ืืื ืืดื ืงืฆืช ื ืืืื ืืื ืืืฉืจ ืืจืื ืฉืืื ื ื ืืืื ืืืืจ ืืื, ืืื ืขืชื ืฉืืื ื ืืืฉ ืืืืื ื ืืืจืช ืื ืืืกืืฃ ืื ืฉืืื ืืื ืื ืืืื ืืืืืฉืื ืขืื ืืื.",
|
58 |
+
"ืืื ื ืื ืืื ืืขื ืืื ื ื ืืืฉ ืื ืฉืืื ืืืืข ืื ืืืื ืื ืืฉ ืขืื ืืื ืฉืขืืืจ ืขืืืจื ืืื ืืื ื ืืืฉ ืืืืคื ืงืฉื ืืื ืืืงืื ืืืจ, ืืื ืืงืื ืืืืื ืื ืืืืข ืืื ืฉืืื ืืืื ืืื, ืฉืื ืืขืืื ืืื ืืื ืืืื ืืืคืื ืืืืื ืื, ืืื ืฉืืืจื ืืืดื ืืคืกืืื ืืฃ ืฆืดื ืขืดื ืขืืณ ืฉื, ืืืฉ ืืืื ืืชืคืืก ืืืืืช ืืืืืคืื ืื ืฉืื ืืฉืจ ืื ืืื ืืืื ืจืืืง ืืืืืจื ืืื ืืืืช ืคืจืกืืืช ืืื ืืจืื ืืื ืืฉืืข ืืืืืจื ืืื. ืืืืืชืจ ืฉืืฉ ืฉื ืืืื ืื ืืื ื ื ืืื ืืฉ ืฉืื ื ืฉืืื ืืืืจ ืืื ืฉืืื ืืฉ ืฉื ืืฉื, <small>(ืืืืื ื ืฉืืื ืื ืจืง ืื ืืฉืืจืฃ ืืื ืื ืืืืืจ ืืื)</small>, ืืืืืืชื ืืืืจืฉ ืฉืืืฉื ืฉืืื ืืชืืืืช ืืจืืืชึพืืขืืื ื ืฉืืจ ืืืืื ืื, ืืดื ืืื ืื ืืื ืจืืื ืืช ืืืืจื ืืื ืฉืืืข ืืื ื ืืื, ืืื ืื ืืื ืืืื ืืฆืืขืง ืณืืื ืืืืืืณ ืืืงืืื.",
|
59 |
+
"ืืืื ืืืื ืืื ืขืื ืฉ ืืืืื ืื ืฉืืืจื ืืืดื ืฉืืื ืืื ื ืืฉ ืืฉ ืืืืื ืื, ืืฉ ืื ืืืืื ืืืจืื, ืืืฉ ืื ืืืืื ืืืืขืืช, ืืืฉ ืื ืืืืื ืืื ืืืื, ืืืฉ ืื ืืืื ืื ืืืืืืช, ืืืฉ ืื ื ืืจืืช ืฉื ืืคืช ืืฉื ืืคืจืืช ืืืฉืืื ืืจืืชืืื, ืืืฉื ืืืจ ืืื ืืดื ืขื ืืจืฉืข ืืืจื ืืืืื ืื ืืื ืืืจืื ืืืขืืช ืืดื ืขื ืฉื ืขืฉื ืืื ืืื ืืขืืื, ืืืื ืฉืืืจื ืืืืื ื ืืดื ืขื ืืคืกืืง ืณืขืืืจื ืืขืืง ืืืื ืืขืืื ืืฉืืชืืืืณ, ืื ืืืืื ืื ื ืงืจื ืขืืง ืืืื, ืืจืื ืื ืืคืืื ืืืื ืื ื ืืื ืืืื ืขืดื ืืฉืืื ื ืืืจ ืืขื ืื ืืืื ืื ืืื ืืืืขืืข ืืื, ืืืื ืฉืืืจ ืืืชืื ืณืกืืจ ืืคืืื ืืฉืจื ืืืืฉืคืืื ืืจืืชืืณ, ืืืืืข ืืคืื ืืื ืืจืื ืขื ืืืืื ืื, ืืืืืืจ ืืืชืื ืขืคืดื ืื ืฉืืชื ืืืจืดื ืืดื ืืืฉืื ืืื ืืื ืฉืื ืคืฉ ืืื ื ืืืืืจื ืืขืื ืฉ ืืืืื ืื ืกืืื ืื ืืฉืจ ืืืื ืืืื ืืืืืจ ืฉืื ืืกืืจืื ืืงืืจ, ืืืื ืืืื ืช ืืืชืื ืณืกืืจ ืืคืืื ืืฉืจืืณ โ ืืืื ื ืขืดื ืืคืื ืืืื ืืืืื ืื ืื ืืืฉืจ ืืงืื ืืกืืจืื ืืื ืื ืืื ืชืืงืขืื ืืืชื ืืืกืืจืื, ืณืืืืฉืคืืื ืืจืืชืืณ โ ืืืื ื ืื ืคืฉ ืืชืืืจืืช ืื ืืืฉืคื ืืฉืจ ืืื ื ืืชื ืช ืืคื ื ืืกื ืืืืื ืืชืืจื.",
|
60 |
+
"ืืืงืื ืืืื ื ืืืืืช ืืืฉืืื ืืืื ืืืืช, ืืืืื ืืื ืขืื ื ืืขืืจืชื ื ืืื ื ืืจื ืจืข, ืืืื ืฉืืืจ ืืืชืื ืณืื ืื ืืื ืืืื ืฆืืืืช ืื ืืืจื ืจืข ืื ืืชื ืขืืืืณ:"
|
61 |
+
],
|
62 |
+
[
|
63 |
+
"<b>ืืขื ืื ืืืืช ืืืขื ืืืืืื ืืืฉืชื ืืขื ืื ืื</b>",
|
64 |
+
"ืื ื ืืืืข ืืืืืื ืืื ืืฆืืช ืขืฉื ืืืืจืืืชื ืืื ืืืชืื <small>(ืืืงืจื ืื, ืื)</small> ืดืึนืืึตืึท ืชึผืึนืึดืืึท ืึถืช ืขึฒืึดืืชึถืึธ ืึฐืึนื ืชึดืฉืึธื ืขึธืึธืื ืึตืึฐืืด, ืืืืจื ืืืดื: ืื ืื ืฉืืฉ ืื ืืืืืช ืืื ืฉื ืืืชื ืืืื ื ืืืื ื ืชืคืก ืืื ืฉื ืืืชื. ืื ืื ืืคื ืื ืืื ืืืื ืืืืื ืขื ืืืขื ืืืืืชื ืืขืืื ืื ืืืืขืจืื ืืคื ืื ืืืื ืืืืกืืจ ืืืืณ.",
|
65 |
+
"ืืื ืืืฉืื ืืืื ืื ืคืฉื ืืืืจ ืืืจ ืืืจืชื ืื ืคืขืืืื ืืฉืืฉ ืืืื ื ื ืฉืืืขืช ืื ืืื ืื ืืืืจ ืขืื ืืขื ืืื ืื, ืืชืืื ื ืืืื ืืขืฆืื ืืื ืืื ืืชื ืื ืื ืืฉืืื ืจืืื ืฉืืฉืชื ืืงืืงืืช ืื ืขืกืงืื ืฉืืื ืขืืฉื, ืืืืืื ืืื ืฆืืขืง ืืจ ืขืืื ืืืืจ: ืณืื ืชืขืฉื? ืืื ืฉืืื ืืช ืืกืืืขืช ืื ืขืื ืชืงืืงืื ืื ืืืืืชื, ืืื ื ืืื ืื ื ืืื ืื ืฉื ืืืชื? ืืื ื ืืืช ืืคื ื ืฉืืืชื?ืณ ืืืื ืืชืืื ืืื ืืื ื ืขืฆื ืืืขืจืื ืืคื ืื ืืืื ืฉืืืชื, ืคืขื ืืืฉืื ืจืื ืืคืขื ืืืฉืื ืงืฉื ืขื ืฉืืืชื ืืชืืื ื ืช ืืขืฆืื ืืืกืืจ ืืืืืืชื ืืขืืื. ืื ืืขื ืืื ื ื ืฆืจืื ืชืืื ืืืืืืื ืืขื ืืื ืื ืืืืขืจืื ืืคื ืื ืืืื ืืงืืงืืืื ืืืืฆืืื ืืื ืฉืืืื ืขื ืืื ืื ืืจ ืืืืจืืช ืื ืื ืืื ืื ืฉืืืฆื ืขื ืืื ืื ืืื ืืืืช ืืืืคืื ืชืคืืืืช ืืืจืืืช ืฉืืื ืฉืื ืืืืื ืขื ืฉืขื ืืื ืื ืชืชืจืฆื ืืืื ืืืืกืื ืขื ืฉืขืจื.",
|
66 |
+
"ืืืืฉืื ืื ืืฉื ืืื ืืืืจ ืืืื, ืืกืืืจ ืืื ืืืื ืฉืืื ืืจ ืืขืืจ ืืืืื ืืืกืืจื ืืื ืืืื ืื ืืืืืช ืืืจืืืืืช ืืืฉืชื ืืืชื ื ืืฉืืช ืื ืืชื ืช ืืชืื ืืขืกืง ืืื, ืืืืขื ืืื ืืจืื ืืืกืข ืชืืื ืืืืื ืืช ืจืืืงืืช ืืงื ืืชื ืืืฉืืื ืคื ืืืืช ืืกืืจื. ืืืื ืืืื ืืืืืื ืฉืจื ืืืืื ืืืืช ืืกืืืจ ืืื,",
|
67 |
+
"ืืืืืจื ืืืืฉื: ืฉืืขื ื ืขื ืืขืื ืื ืืื ืกืืืจ ืืืื ืืืื ืืืื ืืืื ืื ืืืืืช ืืืจืืืืืช ืืขืชื ืืืืข ืืืื ืืืชืืจ ืืช ืืืื ื ืืืชืจ ืืืืืื ืื ืฆืจื ืื ื ืืื ืื ืืืืืช ืืืงืจืืช, ืืื ืืฉ ืืืืช ืืกืืจื?",
|
68 |
+
"ืืชืขื ืืชืืืจ: ืืื ืื ืืืื ืฉืื ืืงืจืืช ืืืื ืืจืืืืืช ืจืง ืืื ืชื ืืืชืจ ืฉื ืืืื ืืื ืื ืืจืง ืืืชืื ืืืขืื ืฉืืฉืชืื ืืืฉืืื ืืืขื ืืืื ืืืื ื.",
|
69 |
+
"ืืืขื ื ืืืืืจื ืื: ืืขื ื ื ืื ืชืฉืืจื ืืืืื ืชืฉืื ืขื ืื ืืืช ืืืื ืื ืืืืจื ืืืืืจื ืฉืื ืืืื ืืดื ืืื ืื ืืืืืืคืืช ืื ืืขืช ืืืชืจืช ืืืชืจ ืืชืงืืฆืื ืืื ืืืื ืืืืื ืฉืื ืืืื ืื ืืืืืื ืขื ืืื ืื ืืืื ืืืื ืื ืืืฆื ืืดื ืฉืื ืืืืฃ ืืื ืืืื ืืืืื ืืืื ืืืืื ืืื ื ืืืชืขืกืงืื ืืืืจ ืืื ืืื ืื ืืืืืข ืืดื ืขื ืืื ืื. ืขื ืื ืืืืจื ืืืืจ ืืื.",
|
70 |
+
"ืืชืขื ืืชืืืจ: ืืื ืืจืื ืืืจื ืืขืื ืืขืืื ืืกืืืจ ืืืื ืื ืืืืืืคืืช ืืืคืจื ืืืืจ ืื ืืืข ืืืชืจ ืืืืืช, ืืชืืืฃ ืืชืื ืืืขืื ืืืชื ืฉืืืจื ืขืฆืื ืืงื ืืช ืืื ืื ืืงืจืืช ืืืื ืฉืชืืืื ื ืจืืืืืช ืืืื ืชื ืืืชืจ ืืืื ืืืจืื ืืืฉืืื ืฉืื ืืืื ืฉืื ืืืืฃ ืืื.",
|
71 |
+
"ืืืฉืื ืืืขื: ืืื ืื ืืงืจืืช ืืืื ืืฉ ืื ืืื ื ืฉืืืื ืืืืื, ืื ืืืชื ื ืืืชืจ ืืืื ืืื ืขื ืืื ื ืืจื ืืื. ืขื ืื ืืฃ ืฉืื ื ืืจืฉืชื ืงืฆืช ืืฆื ืืืื ืื ืืืืจื ืฉืืื ื ืืืืืืคืืช, ืื ืืช ืืืืื ืืืื, ืืืืืจื ืืืชืืื ืืืชืืื ื ืืื ืืืืจืืืชื ืืืืื ืื ืื ืืื ืืื ืืืืฃ ืืืืดื ืืืกืจื ืืฉืจื ืืืืืื.",
|
72 |
+
"ืืืื ืืืื ืืืืชื ืขื ืืืื ืื ืืืงืจืืช ืืืื ืืจืืชื ืฉืืชื ืืขืื ืฉืืคื ืืขืชื ืืื ื ืืืืืืคืืช, ืืจืื ืืืืชื ืืืจืืืืช ืืืืื ืืชืฉืืงืช ืืืืื ืฉืชืืื ืืืชืคืืจ ืืขืื ื ืืื ืืืืชืงืฉื ืืคื ืืื ืืืืชืืช ืืืืื ืฉืื ืชื ืื ืขืืืจ ืื ืืืช ืืืื, ืื ืืฉืฉื ืืฆืืืื ืืขืื ืืืงืืจ ืขืื ืืืจ ืื ืืชืืืฃ ืืืืชื ืืืืช ืืืื ืื ื ืฉืืื ืื ืืืื ืื ืืืืืช ืืืืืื ืืืืชื ืฉืจื ืืืืืื ืืืืืื ืืืฉืืื ืื ืืืกืฃ ืืื ืืืชืฉืืจื ืืืืื ืืื.",
|
73 |
+
"ืืืื ืืืืืข ืืื ืืืชืจืช ืืืื ืืืชืงืืฆื ืืื ืืืืื ืืืชืืื ืืืื ืืคื ืืื ืื ื ืฉืืื ืื ืืืืื ื ืจืืืงื ืืื ืื ืืงืจืืช ืืื ืขืืืจ ืืชืจื, ืืืื ืืจืืืชื ืืช ืืืื ืื ืืืืจื ืฉืื ืืืืืืคืืช ืืขื ืืื ืื ืืื ืืืื ืืืื,",
|
74 |
+
"ืืชืืืฃ ืฉืืื ืืืจ ืืืฉื ืืืจืขืื ืขืืื ืืงืื ืืืื ืืืืจ ืขืื ืฉ ืืืืช ืขืืืื ืื ืืื ืืชืจืื ื ืื ืฉืชืืืจื ืฉืื ืืืื ืฉืื ืืืืฃ ืืื ืื ืืืจ ืื ืื ืข ืืืชืจ ืืืื ืืืืืืช ืืื ืืืื ืืืื.",
|
75 |
+
"ืืชืขื ืืชืืืจ: ืืื ืขืื ืืดื ืืืฉืื ืื ืืื ืื ืื ืืชืืชื ืืืขืื ืืืืืจืชืื ืฉืื ืืืื ืฉืื ืืืืฃ ืืื ืืื ืคืฉืขื ืืื.",
|
76 |
+
"ืืืืืื ืื ืืช ืืืขื ืืืืฉืคื ืืืืืจื ืื: ืืชื ืฉืืืช ืืช ืืืื ืื ืืืื ืืืืืืืคืืช ืืฉืจ ืืื ืกืืื ืืืืืช ืืช ืืืื ืืืื ืืืชืจื.",
|
77 |
+
"ืืืืืจ: ืื, ืืื ืื ืืืชื ืืืื ืชื ืืดื ืืืืืช ืืช ืืืื ืืืื, ืจืง ืฉืืืืืจืื ืจืืืื ื ืืื ืืื ืื ืื ืืชืืชื ืืืฉืชื ืฉืืื ืชืจืื ืขืื ืืืืืื ืื ืืืืืืื ืืืชืืื ืืื ืืืกืจื ืชืืืฃ ืืงืืขื ืืืชืจ ืืืืืื.",
|
78 |
+
"ืืืฆืขืงื ืขืืื ืืืืจ: ืืืืจ ืื ืืืข ืืืชืจ ืืืื ืืื ืื ืืขืฆืื ืืืงืืจ ืืืจื ืื ืืืื ืืืชืืื ืืื ืืกืืื ืขื ืืืฉื ืืืขืชื ืงืื ืขืืื. ืขื ืื ืชืืช ืืืืื ืฉืืืืชื ืืงืืืื ืืืชื ื ืื ืืืืชื ืืืืืื ืืขืกืง ืื ืืืืื ื, ืขืชื ืืฉื ื ืงืืื ืชืืจืฉื ืืืืจืืืื ืฉื ืืื ืืืืช ืืืกืืจืื, ืืืืกืจืื ืฉืื ืืืกืืจืื ืงืฉืื.",
|
79 |
+
"ืืชืขื ืืืฉื ืืงืื ืืื ืืชืืืจ ืืืขืื: ืืชื ืืืืช ืืขืืืจื ืืืชื ืืื ืืืื ื ืืืช ืจืฆื ืืื ืืฉืืืจ ืืื ืื ืืื ืื ืืืขืช ืฉืืืื ืื ื ืงื ืืช ืืืืืช ืงืืืขืืช ืืืชืจ ืืืื, ืืืื ืื ืืืืืจ ืืคื ืฉืื ืืืื ืฉืื ืืืืฃ ืืื ืืขื ืืื ืื ืืื ืืื ืื ืื, ืื ืื ืืขืืื ืขื ืืื ืืขืกืง ืืื ืืื ืขืชื ืจืื ืื ืขืฉืืช ืืืกืืจื, ืืืืช ืขืื ืื ืืืืืืช ืืืืกืืจืื. ืืื ืขืชื ืืื ืื ืืืื ืื ืคืฉื ืื ืืืื ืกืืฃ ืืืืจืืช ืขื ืืื ืืกืืจืื ืืืื.",
|
80 |
+
"ืืืขื ืืืขื ืืงืื ืืจ ืืืืืจ: ืืื ืื ืืืื ืื ืคืฉื ืฉืืจืืช ืื ืื ืืฆืจืืช ื๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝื ืืื ืืชืืชื ืื ืืชืืืื ืืืชืจืืชื ืื ืฉืืงื ืืช ืืื ืื ืืืืืช ืืืชืจ ืืืืื ืืื ืขื ืืื ื ืืจื ืืื, ืขื ืื ืชืจืื ืืืจืืฉ ืืชืืืื ืืืื ืื ืืื ืืื ืฉืื ืืืืฃ ืืืืดื ืืืกืจื ืืืืืืช ืืืื ืื ืืงืืื ืืืจืื, ืื ืืืืชื ืืืชืขืฉืจ ืขื ืืื ืื ืืืื ืจื ืืืืื ืืืืืืฉื ืจืงืื ืืืืชืคืืจ ืืคื ื ืืื ืืจื ืื ืฉื ืกืชืื ืขืื ืื ืฉืืื ืื ืคืืช ืืืืจ ืฉืืื ืืื ืื ืืคืืช ืืื ืืืชื. ืืื ืื ื ืืื ืคืฉื ื, ืื ืืืื ืืกืืคื ื.",
|
81 |
+
"ืื ืืืืจ ืืื ืืฉืืืื ืืกืื ืชืืจื ืืืขืฉืื ืืืืื ืืขืืื ืืื ืื ืขืฉื ืืื ืชืืงืื ืื ืืืืืื ืืืขืื ืืขืืืืืช ืืขืืืื ืื ืื ืขื ืืื ืื ื ืืจืื ืืชืจืื ืฉืืืชืืจืื ืืืฉื ืืชืืจื ืืื . ืื ืื ืื ืื ื ืขืฉื ืืืฆืื ืืืืื ืืื ืคืจืืื ืฉื ืขืฉืืช ืืงืืืฉื ืืืืงืื ืงืืืฉื, ืืืืืชืื, ืืืื ืืื ืื ืงืืืฉ ืืื ืืจืื ืื ืขืจืืช ืืืจ ืืฉื ืืืืจืื, ืืืคืืงื <small>(ืืืืฆืื)</small> ืื ื ืขืฉืืช ื ืื ืืขืจืื ืืืื ืฉืงืจื ืืืื ืืืจ ืชืืจื ืื ืฉืืจื ืฉืื ืืจืื ืืื ืื ืื ืฉืขืจ ืืฉื ืื ืืจืืขืืชืื ืืืืณ ืืืืืืื, ืืื ืืฉ ืืืืจื ืืืืื ื ืืดื ืฉืืกืจื ืื. ืืืืื ืืื ืื ืฉืื ืงืืืฉื ืขื ืืืืืืจ ืืืื ืืืืงืื ืืืืจ ื ืขืฉื ืืืฉื ืืดื, ืืืคืืื ืื ืจืง ืืืื ืชืืืืช ืืืืจืื ืืื ื ืื ืื ืื ืดื, ื ืืกืจ ืืืจ ืืงืืืฉื ืืืงืื ืืืื ืฉื ืืืชืจ ืืืืื ื ื ืื ืืื ืืชืืืืช ืืืืืชืื ืืืื ืืื ืื ืงืืืฉ ืืื ืืจืื ืื ืขืจืืช ืืืจ ืืฉื ืืืืจืื, ืืชืืืจืชื ื ืื ืก ืืืฉื, ืืืืืข ืฉืืงืืดื ืืชืคืืจ ืืขืื ืืฉืจืื ืืคื ื ืืคืืืื ืฉื ืืขืื ืืขืืจืืช ืฉืืขืืจืื ืื ืชืืื ืืชืืจืชื ืืืืฆืืืชื ืืืืืชืื, ืืฉืจืื ืืฉืจ ืื ืืชืคืืจ. ืืืื ืื ืชืืฆืื ื ืืืจืืช ืฉื ืืืฉื ืขื ืืืื ืืืืชืจืื, ืืืืื ืืืื ืืื ืืืฉื ืื ืืื ืืื ืืจื ืฉืืืฆื ืืืชืจืื ืืืจืืช ืืืื, ืืืื ืืฉืชืขืืื ื ืืืดื ื ืคืฉ ืืืืฉ ืืืืฉื ืืืขืื ืืชืช ืืื ืืืฉืืื ืืคื ื ืืื ืืืื ืืืืืื ืืงืืืฉ ืืจืื ืืื, ืืชืจืขืื ืขืืื ืืืืืืื ืืงืื ืืืื ืืืืจ ืืฉืคื ื ืืจื ืฉื ืืฉ ืืืืื ืื ืขืืื ืื ืืื ืฉืื ื ืชืช ืืืื ืืืื ืืืื ืืืืืื ืขืืืจ ืืืืื ืืืืืื ืืืืจืืืืช ืฉื ืชื ืื ืชืืื, ืขืื ืงืืงืืช ืืช ืืชืจ ืืืื ืืืฉืืช ืืช ืืืจื ืืืืืช ืืช ืืืืื ืขื ืืื ืฉืขืจืืชืืื ืื ืืจืืขืืชืืื ืืืืณ ืฉืืื ืืืืืืช ืชืืื ืืฃ ืืขืช ืฉืืจื ืืขืื ืืืื ืืจืื ืื ืืื ืฉืื ืืืจื ืชืืจื.",
|
82 |
+
"ืืชืขื ืืชืืืจ ืืงืื ืืจ: ืืื ืขืื ืืดื ืืืฉืื , ืืขืื ืืื ืืกืืื ืืงืืงืื ืืื ืฉื ืืืชืจืื ืืงืืืฉืื ืืืื ืฉืืจื ืื ืืื ืืืจืืืช ื ืืื. ืืืืืื ืื ืืืชื ืืืืฉืคื, ืืืจืืื ืืช ืืฉืืช ืืืชืจืื ืฉืืืขืื ืฉื ืกืื ืขื ืืื ืฉื ืืื, ืืชืืื ืืืชื ืืื ืืจืขืื.",
|
83 |
+
"ืืืืืจื ืื: ืืชื ืืจืืช ืืช ืืืจืืืช ืืืื ืฉืืื ืกืืื ืืืืืช ืืช ืืืื ืืฉืืดืช ืืืชืจื.",
|
84 |
+
"ืืืขื ืืืืืจ: ืื, ืืื ืืื ืื ื ืขืืงืจ ืืกืืื, ืจืง ืืื ืืืฉืจ ืืฉืื ืื ืืื ืืฉืขืจืืชืื ืืืืจืืขืืชืื ืืืืณ ืืืืืืืช ืืขืช ืฉืืจืืชื ืืืื ืืจืื ืืื ืืืืขืชื ืื ืฉืืื ื ืืื ืืขืฉืืช ืื ืืื ืฉืืขื ืืืืจื.",
|
85 |
+
"ืืืขื ื ืืืื ืืืืืจื: ืื ืืืืช ืืืฉืฉ ืืืืช ืืืืื ืืฉืืดืช ืืื ืื ืืืื ืืืงืื ืืืจ ืื ืขื ืื ืคื ืื ืืืืืืจ ืคื ืื ืื ืืื ืืืืืืจ ืืืจืื. ืขื ืื ืขื ืฉื ืืื ืืืฉื ืขืื ืฉ ืืขืืื ืืชืืช ืืืืื ืฉืืืืชื ื ืืืืื ืื ืืืืชื ืขืืืืื ืืืณ ืืืืื, ืขืชื ืืฉื ื ืงืืื ืชืืจืฉื. ืืืชืคืฉืื ืืืืืื ืืืืจืื ืืืืจืืืื ืืืืื ืื ืืืืกืจื ืืืกืืจืื ืงืฉืื .",
|
86 |
+
"ืืชืขื ืืืฉื ืืงืื ืืื ืืชืืืจ ืืืขืื: ืืชื ืืื ืืืื ื ืืืืืจืืืช ืืื ืืฉืืืจ ืืื. ืืื ืื ืืืขืช ืืื ืืขืืื ืืขืืื ืืื ืฉืืืื ืฉืืืจืืืชืื ืืืชืืจืชื ื ืืจื ืืชืจ ืืืื ืืขืืืื, ืืืื ืื ืืืืืจ ืืคื ืฉืื ืืืื ืืื ืฉืื ืงืืงืื ืืืื ืื ืืืืืืขื ื ืืช ืืืื ืืขืื ืฉ ืฉืืฉ ืขืืืจ ืื ืืืืืืืจ ืืืชื ืชืืื ืืืืืจื ืืืืื, ืืขื ืืื ืื ืืื ืืื ืื ืื, ืื ืื, ืืื ืขืชื ืจืื ืื ืืจืืช ืื ืืื ืืืชื, ืืืืช ืขืื ืืช ืื ืืืืืืช ืืืืกืืจืื ืืงืฉืื ืืืื. ืืื ืื ืื ืืืื ืกืืคื.",
|
87 |
+
"ืืืขื ืืืขื ืืืืืจ ืืืืฉื: ืืื ืื ืืื๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ ืื ืคืฉื ืฉืืจืืช ืื ืื ืืฆืจืืช ืืืื ืืื ืื ืืืช ืืืฉืืช ืฉืืืืช ืืืฆืืง ืืชื, ืืื ืื ืืืจืชื ืื ืืื ืคืขืืื ืฉืื ืืกืืจ ืืืื ื, ืืืื ืื ืืขืฆืื ืืืืืจ ืืื ืืืืคื ืื ืฉืื ืืืื ืืฉืขืจืืช ืืืืืืช ืืืืจืืขืืช ืืืืืืืช ืื ืืืืชื ืืืชืงืฉื ืืคื ื ืืื ืืืืื ืืืจืื ืืืจืืชืืื ืืคืจืืฆืืช, ืืจืื ืื ืฉื ืคืืช ืืืืจ ืฉืืื ืืื ืื ืึดืคึผึทืึฐืชึผึฐ ืืื ืืืชื.",
|
88 |
+
"ืขื ืื ืืืื ืขืื ืื ืืจืืฉื ืืขืืื ืืืืื ืฉืืืืื ืชืืื ืืขื ืืื ืื ืืืืืืขื ื ืืช ืืืื ืืงืืงืื ืืฉืืื ืืขืฆืื ืชืฆืขืง ืืืกืืฃ ืืื ืืืืื ืขื ืืขื ืืื ืืื ืืืืืืื ืืืขืืื ืืืจืื ืืืงืฆืช ืืื ืฆื ืืืื ืืืื ืืขืชืืืด. ืขืืดื."
|
89 |
+
],
|
90 |
+
[
|
91 |
+
"<b>ืื ืืืืืจ ืืืื ืืืช ืืฆื ืืขืืช ืืฉืืจื ืขืืืจ ืื ืืขืืืดื ืืืขืืืดื, ืืืืืคื ืืดื ืืืืืืช ืืืจืื ืคืจืืฆืืช</b>",
|
92 |
+
"ืื ืฆืจืืื ืืืฉื ืืืชืืื ื ืชืืื, ืืคื ืื ืฉืืืืข ืืืฉืืืฉื ืืืืืช ืืืจืื ืืฆื ืืขืืช ืื ืืื ืืืื ืืืืืื ืื ืื ืฆืืืงืื, ืื ืื ืชืดื, ืืืืืจืื ืืขืืื ืืชืืจืชื ืืืฆืืงืชื. ืืืืืืชื ืืชืืืื ืืจืืฉืืื <small>(ืกืืืดืก ืืืจืืืช)</small> ืณืื ืืืืื ืืช ืืื ืคื ืืื ืืืฉืืฆืืช ืืื ืืืืฉืืณ, ืืฉื ืฆื ืืขื ืจืืืื ืืฆืืช ืืื ื ืืื ืื ืืืืืื ืืืืืืฉืื ืืฉืืฆืืช ืืื, ืืืืจื ืืืืืื ืืฃ ืืดื ืณืืฉืืจ ืฆื ืืขืืช ืฉืืืชื ืื ืืจืื ืืืชื ืฉืืฆื ืืื ื ืฉืืื ืืืฉืืจ ืฆื ืืขืืช ืฉืืืชื ืืฉืืื ืืื ืืืฆืื ืืื ื ืืกืชืจืณ ืขืืดืฉ, ืืขืืดื ืืืื ืื ืืขืืืดื, ืืื ืืืืจืืชื ืชืืื ืืืฉื ืืขืืื ืืขืืืื ืืืืื ืืณ ืืจืื ืืื ืืืืจ. ืืืืืืชื ืืืืืจ ืืงืืืฉ ืคืจืฉืช ืืืงืชื ืขื ืืคืกืืง ืณืืื ืืช ืืืื ืืืช ืืืืณ ืืงืื ืืฃ ืืืืจ ืืืชื, ืืื ืืืื ืืจื ืืืื ืืืืจื ืืืฉืืจ ืืชืืงื ืขืืืืื ืืืื ืืืงืืจ ืืืืื, ืืืงืืจ ืืื ืืืื ืขืืื ืืื ืื ื ื ืฉื, ืืืืงืืจ ืืื ืืืืื ืขืืื ืืื ืงืืดื, ืืงืืดื ืืืืก ืขืืื ืืืืชืื ืืื ืืืืจืกืื ืืืงืจืื. ืืจื ืืืืื ืืื ืื ืฆืืืงืืื ืืืืื ืืื ืื ืงืืืฉืื, ืืืืขืื ืงืืืฉืื, ืขืืืืื ืืืชืงืจื ืณืื ืจืืืืื ืืืืจืื ืื ืื ืืจืข ืืจื ืืด, ืขืืดื.",
|
93 |
+
"ืืืืืคื ืืดื ืื ืืื ืืืืืช ืืืจืื ืคืจืืฆืืช ืื ืชืื ืื ืื ืืฉืจ ืื ืืืืื, ืืืืื ืื ืขืดื ืื ืืืกืืฃ ืงืืื ืืืืื ืืขืืืดื ืืืื ืืืชืื ืณืืื ืืกืื ืชืืืช ืืืืณ, ืืื ืืขืืืดื ืืื ืืืืื ืืืื ืืืืื ืืืื ืืฉืืืฆื ืืื ืื ืืืขืืก ืืืงืืดื. ืืืื ืฉืืชื ืืืจืดื ืืืืจืชื ืณืขืืื ืืชืจืืคืืณ ืฉืืฃ ืื ืืืจืื ืชืืื ืื ื ืืืืกืจ ืืื ืืงืื ืืื ืืืืชื ืืืฉื ืืืฆืขืจ ืืืืืืื ืืขืืืดื. ืขื ืื ืฆืจืืื ืืืฉื ืืืจืืื ืขืฆืื ืืืืช ืืฆื ืืขืืช ืืืืื ืื ืขืืดื ืืื ืืืื.",
|
94 |
+
"ืืื ื ืืื ืื ื ืืื ืืืชืืื ื ืืื ืฆืจืืื ืืืฉื ืืืืืช ืืืืจื ืืขื ืื ืฉืขืจืืชืื ืื ืืจืืขืืชืื ืืืืื ืฉืื ืืจืื ืืืืฆื. ืื ืืืืืจ ืคืจืฉืช ื ืฉื ืืืืืจ ืืื ืฉืื ืืชืจืื ืฉืื ืฉืขืจ ืืืฉื, ืืืดื ืฉื ืืฃ ืงืืดื: ืณืืืจ ืจืื ืืืงืื, ืชืื ืื <small>(ืืื ืขื ืื ืฉืขืืื)</small> ืืืชื ืขื ืืืื ืืจ ื ืฉ, ืืฉืืง ืืื ืชืชืื ืืชืชืืื ืืฉืขืจื ืืจืืฉื ืืืจ, ืืื ืืื ืื ืืืื ืื ืฆื ืืขืืชื ืืืืชื, ืืืชืชื ืืืคืืงืช ืืฉืขืจื ืืจืืฉื ืืืจ ืืืชืชืงื ื ืืื, ืืจืื ืืกืื ืืชื ืืืืชื, ืืืจืื ืืื ืื ืืื ืืชืืฉืืื ืืืจื, ืืืจืื ืืื ืืืจื ืืฉืจืื ืืืืชื, ืืื ืืจืื ืื, ืืืื ืฉืขืจื ืืืชืืื ืืจืืฉื ืืืจ, ืืื ืืืืชื ืืื, ืื ืฉืื ืืฉืืงื, ืืื ืฉืื ืืฆืืคืืชื ืืืจื, ืืืืื ืื ืืฉืชื ืืืคื ืคืืจืื ืืืจืืชื ืืืชื... ืืืื ืื ืืขืื ืืชืชื ืืืคืืื ืืกืืจื ืืืืชื <small>(ืงืืจืืช ืืืืช)</small> ืื ืืืืื ืฉืขืจื ืื ืืจืืฉื, ืื ืฉืื ืืืจ... ืคืืง ืืื ืืื ืคืืืื ืืจืื ืืืื ืฉืขืจื ืืืชืชื, ืืจืื ืืขืืื, ืืจืื ืืชืชื, ืืจืื ืืืขืื ืืืชืืืืื, ืืจืื ืืกืื ืืชื, ืืจืื ืืื ืืืจื ืืืืชื, ืืจืื ืืืกืชืืง ืืฉืืืืชื ืืื ืื, ืจืืื ื ืืืฉืืืื ืืืฆืืคื ืืืืื. ืืขื ืื ืืขืื ืืชืชื ืืืชืืกืืื ืืืืืืชื ืืืืชื, ืืื ืขืืืช ืื, ืื ืืชืื <small>(ืชืืืื ืงืืดื ืืณ)</small> ืณืื ืื ืืฉืชืืื ืืืชืืืณ, ืื ืืืช ืื ืืื ืืกืชืืื ืืื ืืงืืืื ืื ืืชืืืืื ืืจืคืื, ืืชืืืจ ืืฉืชืื ืืื ืืฉืืืืช ืืชืืจ ืขื ืฉืืจ ืืืื ืื, ืื ืื ืื ืืกืชืืงืื ืืืฉืืื ืขื ืฉืืจ ืื ื ืขืืื. ืืื ืขืื ืืื ืืืขืื ืืชืืจื ืืืื, ืืืจืืื ืืืขืืื, ืืืจืืื ืืืชืชื, ืืขืืชืจื, ืืื ืื, ืืื ื ืื ืื, ืืื ืืื ืืืชืื <small>(ืฉื)</small> ืณืื ื ืื ืื ืืืืจื ืืืจ ืืจื ืืด."
|
95 |
+
],
|
96 |
+
[
|
97 |
+
"<b>ืื ืืืืืจ ืืฆืืช ืืื ืื ืื ืืื ืื ืืืื ืขื ืื ืื ื ืืืฆืื ืื ืืืขืื ืืืช ืืชืืจื</b>",
|
98 |
+
"ืืื ื ืืคื ืืืืืจ ืืขื ืืื ืืื ืืืจื ืืืื ืขื ืืืช ืจืดื ืืืืื ืชืงืืืช ืืืืืืช โ ืืื ืฆืจืื ืื ืืืฉ ืืืฉื ืืฉืืืจ ืขืฆืื ืืืจื ืืฆื ืืขืืช ืืื ืืืจื ืืช ืื ืืชืื ืฉืชืืืื ื ืืืจืืืืช ืืืืืืชื ืฉืื ืืืื ืืืจืื ืืคืจืืฆืืช ืืดื, ืืืื ืื ืฉืืขืืดื ื ืขืฉื ืืืื ืืงืืืืช ืืืืชืจ ืฉืขืืฉืื ืืชืื ืช ืืื ืืชืึพืืืื ืืื ืืื ืืืืื ืืื ืขืื ืคืืืื ืืฉ ืืื ืฉืืฉืืืื ืืื ืื ืฉืื ืืืื ืืจืืืจ ืขืืดื, ืืื ืืื ืืืืช ืืจืืืช ืืืืื ื ืขืฉืื ืขืืดื ืืขืช ืฉืืืจืืื ื ืืื. ืืืื ืืืืข ืฉื ืคืกืง ืืืืจื ืืืฉืืื ืขืจืื ืืืจื ืืืื ืืกืืื ืขืดื ืืืคื ืืืืื ืืืฉื ืืืงืื ืฉืืืจื ืืืืืช ืืืืกื ืืื ืืืื ืขืจืื, ืืืกืืจ ืืืืจ ืฉืื ืืืจ ืงืืืฉื ื ืืื. ืืืื ืืืืืง ืืื ืืชืืื ืื ืฉืืื ืืื ืืืชืจ ืืืชืืื ืจืง ืืืื ืืคืจืืขืช ืจืืฉ, ืืื ืืขื ืื ืฉืืจ ืืืจืื ืืืืืกืื ืืื ื ืดื ืืื. ืืืคืืื ืืืงืื ืฉืืจื ืื ืื ืฉืื ืืืืชืืืืช ืืืื ืืื ืืคืดื ืืื ืฉืื ืืืชืจ ืืขืฉืืช ืืื ืื ืืคืจืืฅ ืืจืข ืืื, ืืืื ืฉืืชืื ืื ืืคืืกืงืื , ืื ืืื ืฉืื ืืืืืง ืืขื ืื ืื ืฉืืกืืจ ืืืืจ ืฉืื ืืืจ ืงืืืฉื ื ืืื ืืื ืืืฉ ืืืจ ืฉืืื ื ืงืจืืื ืืืื ืืืื ืืืืื ืืื ืืื ืืื ืืื, ืืืืื ื ืฉืืคืืื ืืื ืืืืจ ืืืืจ ืืืจ ืงืืืฉื ื ืื ืืคื ืืืืืื ืฉื ืืชื ืืฉืืื ืืืช ืืดื ืืืืื .",
|
99 |
+
"ืืืฉืืจืืื ืืช ืื ืืชืื ืื ืขืจืืชื ืืืืืช ืืืจืื ืืฆื ืืขืืช ืื ืื ืชืืื ืื ืชืกืืจ ืืืจื ืืืื ืืืื, ืืืืื ืืจืืืช ืืื ื ืื ืื ืืืื ืื ืืืฉืืืื, ืืืื ืฉืืืื ื ืืืขืื ืืื ืืืืจื ืืืดื ืขืดื. ืืื ื ืขื ืื ืืฆื ืืขืืช ืจืคื ืืื ืืืืื ืืขืืดื ืฉืืืืื ืืงืืืืช ืืืืืื ืืืืื ืืืืจืื ืืืชืืืืช ืืืืื ืืื ืืืื ืืฉืขืจ ืืืื ืืืืกืืจืื ืืืงืืงืืืื ืืืืฆืืื ืืื, ืืื ืจืื ืืืืช ืืื ืฉืืข ืืืื ืืืืจืืช ืฉืืคื ืื ื ืื ืืืช ืคืจืืฆืืช ืฉืืื, ืื ืืคืืื ืื ืื ืืื ืืืื ืืืกืืจ ืืืฉ ืืื ืืจืืืจื ืขืืืจื ืงืฉืื ืืขืืืจื, ืืขืืืจ ืขื ืื ืฉืืืืดื ืขื ืื ืืืชืื ืณืื ืฉืืจืชื ืืื ืืืจ ืจืขืณ, ืืืื ืืืจ ืจืื ืคื ืืก ืื ืืืืจ ืืืืจื ืฉืื ืืืจืืจ ืืื ืืืื ืืืืื ืืืื ืืืืื ืืืืื, ืืขืื ืื ืืื ืืืืจ ืืื ืืืื ืืืืืข ืืืืืจื ืืืดื.",
|
100 |
+
"ืืืืื ืื ืื ืืฆืื ืฉืืืื ืืืฅ ืืขืืจ ืืืืื ืืืื ืืืื ืขืดื ืืืืื, ืืืืกืืจ ืืืื ืขื ืืขืจืืืช ืืื ืืื ืืดื ืืืกืืจ ืืืื ืืื, ืืืืื ืื ื ืืคื ืืืืช ืื ืขืจืืืช ืื ืื ืืืืงืช ื ืืืช. ืืืข ืขืื ืืืคืืื ืื ืืื ืขืชืืื ืืืืืช ืืฉืชื ืืืื ืฉืืื ืืืจ ืืชืืืช ืืชื ืืื ืืฃ ืื ืืงื ืืขืฆืื ืืืืื ืขืื, ืืืฃ ืื ืืื ืื ืื ืืืื ืืฉืจ <small>(ืขืืณ ืืจืืืช ืืดื:)</small>, ืขืืดืค ืืืืจ ืืืืชืืืื ืขืื ืฉืื ืืคื ื ืืื, ืื ืืื ืฉืื ืืื ืื ืฉืื ืืขื ืื ืื, ืืืื ืฉืื ืืืชืจ ืืื ืืืืช ืืชืืืช ืืชื ืืื ืืคืืื ืื ืืืชื ืืืืจื, ืืืดืฉ ืฉืืื ืืืืื ื ืื ืืดื ืฉืื ืืืื ืืืื, ืขืดื ืืืกืืจ ืืืื ืืืงืืื ืขืืื. ืืืดืฉ ืืืืืืง ืื ืืฉืืง ืื ืืชืืจื ืฉืขืดื ืื ืืืชืื ืณืื ืชืงืจืื ืืืืืช ืขืจืืืณ, ืืื ืฉืืชื ืืจืืืดื ืคืืดื ืืืืืืช ืืืกืืจื ืืืื: ืณืืืืืง ืื ืื ืฉืง ืืืช ืืื ืืขืจืืืช ืขืืืจ ืืืื ืืื ืชืงืจืื ืืืืืช ืขืจืืืณ, ืืืืงืืืื ืืื ืขืชืืืื ืืืชื ืืช ืืืื ืขืดื ืืขืืืดื, ืืื ืื ืืจืื ืืื ืืขืืืดื.",
|
101 |
+
"ืืืื ืืืืืื ืื ืืืฉ ืืืฉืืช ืขืฆืืช ืื ืคืฉื ืืืคืงื ืืขื ืื ืื ืขื ืื ืื ืืื ืืชืื ืฉืื ืืืื ืืืจื ืืจืข ืืื, ืืืขืจืื ืืคื ืืื ืชืืื ืืช ืืืื ืืขืืื ืฉืืฉ ืืื ืืืืื ืืืืืช ืฉืืืื ืืื ืืฉืืืื ืืืืจืื ืืื, ืืื ืืืงืฉ ืจืืืื ืชืืื ืืืฉืดื ืขืืืื ืฉืื ืืืื ืืืื ืขืืืจื ืืืืจ ืืืืขืจ, ืืืืืื ืืขืืจืื ืืณ ื๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝืงืื ืชืคืืชื. ืืืืืืชื ืืชื ื ืืื ืืืืื, ืืขืฉื ืืืื ืืื ืฉืืื ืืจื ืฉืืื ืืกืชืจ, ืืื ืืขืฉืื ืืืืืื ืฉืืื ืขืืฉื ืืื ืขืืฉื ืืกืชืจ, ืืืื ืื ืขืฉืจื ืื ืื ืืืฉื ืืืช, ืฉืฉื ืืืจืื ืืืจืืข ื ืงืืืช, ืืืื ืืื ืืืื ืืื ืืชืคืื ืืืฉืชืื ืืืืงืฉ ืจืืืื ืืืืื ืืืฉืื ื ืขืคืจ ืืื ืฉืื ืืื ืืื ืืื ืืืื ืขืืืจื ืืืืื ืืืจ ืืืืขืจ. ืืืืจื ืื ืืฆืชื ืืืชื ืฉื ื ืืื ืฉื ืืช ืืื ืฉืืืฉืืช ืขื ืฉืื ืขืืจื ืืืขืื ืืงืืืฉ ืืจืื ืืื ืขื ืืื ืืช ืืฉืจืื ืืืื ืืืืชื ืืืื ืขืืื, ืืื ื ืื ืก ืืืื ืืืื ืืขืืืื ืขื ืฉืจืื ืืื ืื ืืืืืื ืืคืจืื ืืืื ื ืืื ืื ืืืื ื ืื ืื ืขื ืืืฉืื ืฉื ื ืืืืจ ืื ื ืื ืก ืืืชื ืืืื ืืืืช ืขืืืื, ืขืืื ืืืชืื ืืืืจ <small>(ืชืืืื ืื)</small> ืณืืื ืืืณ ืืขืฉื ืืื ืืืืณ. ืืืชืขื ื ืขื ืืณ ืืืชื ืื ืืฉืืืืช ืืื ืืืืณ. ืืืชืื ืณืืืื ืืืณ ืขืื ืขืืณ ืฉืฉื ื ืขืืืืืช ืฉืื, ืฉื ืืืจ ืณืื ืืงืณื ืืณ ืฆืืจ ืขืืืืืืณ, ืขืดืฉ. ืืืืืื ื ืฉืื ืฉืืฉืชืื ืืืณ ืืืฉืืื ืื ืืืืื ื ืขืืื ืืืืงืฉ ืจืืืื ืฉืืืื ืื ืื ืืืืืื ืืืจื ืืชืืจื ืืืืจืื ืืงืืดื ืขืืืจื ืฉืืืื ืื ืืื ืื ืืืื ืืืืืื ืืขืืืดื ืืืื ืฉืืจื ืืืืื ืืฆืคืื ืื ืืขืืืดื:"
|
102 |
+
]
|
103 |
+
],
|
104 |
+
"Epilogue": [
|
105 |
+
"ืืืข ืขืื ืืื ืฉื ืชืคืจืฅ ืืืืื ืืงืืืืช ืืืืื ืฉืืืืืจืื ืืจืงืืื ืขื ืืืชืืืืช ืขื ืืืชืื ืืช โ ืขืืื ืคืืืื ืืื ืืขืืืจืื ืืื ืขื ืืื ืืืื ืืืกืืจืื. ืืืืจ ืืืจื ืืืดื ืณืืืกืชืื ืืืฉื ืืคืืื ืืืฆืืข ืงืื ื ืฉื ืืฉื ืืืื ืฉืืกืชืื ืื ืืื ืืืื ืืช ืืคืืื ืืฉ ืืืื ืชืืจื ืืืขืฉืื ืืืืื ืื ืื ืงื ืืืื ื ืฉื ืืืื ืืืณ. ืืืื ืืคืืื ืืืกืชืืืืช ืืขืืื, ืืืดืฉ ืืื ืฉืืื ืืจืงื ืขืื ืืขืืืจ ืขื ืื ืืื ืืืชืื ืณืืื ืชืชืืจื ืืืจื ืืืืื ืืืืจื ืขืื ืืืืณ, ืืื ืขื ืื ืืืชืื ืณืื ืฉืืจืช ืืื ืืืจ ืจืขืณ, ืืืืืดื ืฉืืื ืืืืจื ืฉืื ืืืจืืจ ืืื ืืืื ืืืืื ืืืื ืืืืื ืืืืื, ืืจื ืืืคืืื ืืจืืืจ ืืขืืื ืฉืืื ืฉืื ืืืืื ืืกืจื ืืชืืจื ืืื ืฉืื ืืืื ืืืื ืืืืื, ืืืดืฉ ืืื ืฉืืื ืขืืฉื ืืขืฉื ืืคืจืืกืื ืืืืื ืขืฆืื ืืืื ืืจืืืจ ืืืืื ืืกืชืืืืช ืืื ืืืืื ืืืื ืืืืื ืืืืื ืืดื ืืืกืืฃ, ืืขื ืืืื ืืฆืื ืฉืขืืืจ ืขืดื ืืจืืงืื ืื ืขื ืืืื ืืณืื ืชืงืจืื ืืืืืช ืขืจืืืณ, ืืืคื ืื ืฉืืืืข ืฉืืชืื ืืคืืกืงืื ืืืืชืืืืช ืืืื ืืืื ื ืืืช ืื ืืฉืืืืขื ืืืื ืืกืช ืืืืื ืขืจืืืช ืื, ืืืคืขืืื ืืืืงืื ืืื ืฉืงืื ืืืฉ ืืช ืจืขืื ืืขืช ืืจืืงืื ืฉืืืฆืืดืจ ืืืขืจ ืืงืจืื ืืขืืืจ ืืื ืขื ืืื ืื ืืืื ืฉืืชืื ื ืืคืดื ืืฉื ืืจืืืดื, ืืขืื ืคืืืื ืืื ืืื. ืืืื ืืืืืืจืืืื ืืขืจืืืช ืฉืฆืจืื ืืืืจื ืืื ืืขืืืจ ืขืดื ืืคืืื ืื ืืื ืืืคืื ืืืชื ืขืดื, ืืืื ืืืืื ืืืื ืืืขืืฉืื ืื ืืฉืืึพื ืคืฉ. ืืืคืืื ืื ืืื ืขืชืืื ืืืืืช ืืฉืชื ืืืื ืฉืืื ืืืจ ืืชืืืช ืืชื ืืื ืืดื ืืกืืจ ืืื ืืืืจืื ืื ืดื, ืืืื ืฉืื ืืืชืจ ืืื ืืืืช ืฉื ืชืงืฉืจ ืขืื ืืชื ืืื.",
|
106 |
+
"ืื ืืืื ืืืื ืืขื ืื ืืจืข ืืื ืฉื ืืชืงืจืืืช ืืืืื ืืืื ืืืกืืจืื ืืืืืื ืฉื ืขืื ืืจืช ืจืณืืืืื ื, ืืืืจ ืืืืดื ืื ืืืจ ืณืกืืืจ ืกืืืจ ืืืจืื ืื ืชืงืจืืณ.",
|
107 |
+
"ืืืืชื ืืกืคืจ ืืกืืืื ืกืืื ืงืกืดื ืืืดื: ืื ืชืขืจื ืื ืื ืืื ืืช ืคื ืืืืื, ืืืืืชืื ืณืื ืชืฉืื ืืชืืื ืืืืืืณ, ืืืืื ื ืืืื ืืื ืณืืืืจืื ืืืงื ืื ืืืืืณ, ืืื ืืกืืฃ ืกืคืจ ืชืืืื ืณืืืืจืื ืืื ืืชืืืืชืณ, ืืื ืืืจ ืณืืืืจืื ืขื ืืชืืืืชืณ ืืื ืฉืืืจ ืณืืงื ืื ืขื ื ืขืจืืืณ. ืืืขืฉื ืืืื ืฉืืื ืจืืื ืืืืื ืืืืื, ืืืืื ื ืืืจืืช ืืืืชื ืืืื, ืืืื ืจืืื ืืืืืจ, ืืืื ืจืืื ืึทืึดื ืืืื ืืขืืืืช ืืืืืืช, ืืขื ืืขืืืืช ืืืฉืืื ืื ื ืืื ืืืืืฉืืื ืืขืืืืช ืื ื ืืื, ืืชืื ืื ืืื ืขืืฉืื, ืืฉื ืชืงืจื ืืฆืื ืืืืจ ืืงืฆืชื ืฉืืืจ ืืชื, ืืืจ ืืื ืื ืื ืฉืืชื ืืืฉืืื ืื ืืืืื ืืขืืืืช ืืืงืฆืชืื ืขื ืืขืืืืช, ืืืจื ืื ืืฉืืื ืขืืื ืื ื ืฉืืฉืืืื ื ืืืื ืืืืชื ืขืืื ืืืื ื ืืฉืืงืื ืขื ื ืฉืื ืืืชืืืืช, ืืขืชื ืื ื ืืืฉืืื ืืขืืื ืขื ืฉืื ืื ืื ื ืขืืืคืื ืืืืขืื ืฉืื ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝืืื ืื ืืื ืืืชืจ, ืืื ืืืจืืื ืืืชื ืฉืขื ืืขืืื ืืื ื ืขืืืื ืื ืืื ืื ืืืืื ืืืชื ื ืขื ืฉืืืขืื ืืขืืืคืื ืืืืดื ืื ืขืืืื ืื ืืื. ืืืื ืฉื ืืืจ ืณืื ื ื ืืขืืง ืชืืชืืื ืืืฉืจ ืชืขืืง ืืขืืืืณ, ืืืชืื ืณืืื ืืืฉืื ืืขืืื ืืืืื ืืฉืื ืืืขืืืช ืืขืืื ืืืืืณ, . ืืืืฉืจืื ืืืื ืืช ืืืืืืืื ืืื ืืื ืืช ืืืืื ืืืขืืื, ืฉื ืืืจ ืณื ืืฉื ืืืืืืช ื ืืืืณ, ืืืชืื ืืชืจืื ืณืึทืึดืจึฐืึผืึผ ืื ืืฉืจืื ืืืงืจืณ. , ืืื ืฉืขืืฉื ืืขืฉื ืืืื ืืืืื ืืฉ ืื ืืขืืื ืืืืชื ืขืืื ืืืืื, ืขืืดื ืกืคืจ ืืกืืืื. ืืขืดื ืฆืจืื ืืืื ืืืืืจ ืืื ืืื ืืื:",
|
108 |
+
"ืืืชื ืืืื ืืืืคืฅ ืืืื ืืฆืดื ืืืืจ ืืืื ืืืืื ืืชืงื ืืช ืืคืจืฆื ืืฆื ืืขืืช ืืืืืฉื ื ืฉืื",
|
109 |
+
"ืืขืืืดื, ืจืดื ืชืืื, ืชืจืคืดื, ืจืืืื.<br>ืื ืืืื ืืจืื ืื ืืืืืืืจืืดื ืื ืืื ืืชืจ ืืืชืจ.<br>ืืืื ืืฉ ืืืื ืืชืงื ืืืจ ืื, ืืืื ืฉืืจื ืจื ืืืณ.",
|
110 |
+
"ืื ื ืืฉ ืื ืฆืขืจ ืืืื ืืคื ื ืขืฆื ืืขื ืื ืืื ืืชืืืืช ืจืืื, ืืฃ ืฉืืืื ืืืืื ืื ืฉืื ืื ืฉืืชืืืื ืืืื ืืื ืืืื ืืื ืืืืื, ืืื ืืื ืืืช ืืงืืดื, ืืดื ืื ืืื ืขืืื ืืืฉืชืืื ืืคืื ืืื ืืขืื ืื ืืคื ื ืื ื ืฉืชื ื ืืขืชืื ืืดื ืืจืขื, ืืื ืืืื ืื ืฉืื ืืฉืจืื ืืื ืืงืื ืคืืืจืืื ืืื ืืขืืื ืืืื ื ืขืฉื ืืฉืืขืืืื, ืืืืืงืจ ืืืื ืืืืื ืืืื ืืืื, ืืืืกืื ืืืืจืืื ืืืช ืืดื ืืชืืืืื ืืื, ืขื ืืืื ืขืื ืืืืืจืืช ืฉื ืกืืื ืขื ืืชืืจื ืืืฆืืชืื ื ืืจื ืืื, ืฉืืชืื ืืงืืช ืฉื ืืืช ืจืื ืืืืื ืืืืืช ืขืืืจืืช, ืื ืืฆื ืืคืจื ืกื ืืื ืืงืื ืืื ืจืข ืืื. ืืื ืืืืจ ืขื ืืฉืจืื ืืืืืื ืืืชืืื ื ืื ืื ืืื ืืืื ืขื ืจืืข ืืฆืื.",
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111 |
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"ืืื ื ืืฉื ืื ืฉืืคื ืื ื ืืฃ ืฉืืื ืืดื ืืฆืืืืช ืฆืจืืช ืืืืืจืืช, ืืดื ืื ืฉืืื ืืืื ืชืืืื ืื ืืื ืืืื ืืืชื ืื ืื ืคืฉื ืืืืืจ, ืืื ืฉืืขื ืื ืื ืืืืฆืื ืื ืืื ื ืืชื ืื ืืจืฆืื ื, ืืื ืืขื ืื ื ืื ืคืฉ ืืื ืืืื ืฉืืื ื ืืจืืืง ืืืงืืดื, ืืืืืื ืืขืืื ืืงืืดื ืืืกืืฃ ืืืืื ื, ืืืืดืฉ ืื ืืขืืื ืืืืื ืืืืื ืืืืฉืืข ืืฉืืคืื ื ืคืฉื, ืืื ืืืืื ืืขืืืดืจ ืืจ ืื ื ืืื ืืื ืฆื, ืื ืืฉืืื ืืืื ืืขืฆืื ืืขื ืื ื ืขืืืดื ืืื ืื ืืื ืฉืืื ืงืืืชื ืืจืืื ืืืืืจื, ืืืฉืืื ืืชืืื ื ืืืืจืืชื ืืขื ืื ื ืชืืจื ืืืฆืืช ืืดื ืืื ืื ืฉืื ืืฆืืื, ืืืื ืฉืื ืืื ืืืฉืจืื ืืืงืฉ ืืืงืืดื ืฉืืฉืืข ืืืงืฉืืชืื ืืืืืื ืื ืืจืฆืื ื ืืื ืฉืืืข ืื, ืืื ืืืจ ืืื.",
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112 |
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"ืืืืจืชื ืฉืขืืงืจ ืกืืืช ืืืืจ ืฉืื ื ืืจืืืงืื ืืขืฆืื ื ืืช ืืงืืดื ืืืชื ื. ืืื ืฆืื ืื ื ืณืืืชืงืืฉืชื ืืืืืชื ืงืืืฉืืืณ, ืืืืืดื ืื ืืืงืืฉ ืขืฆืื ืืืืื ืืงืืฉืื ืืืชื ืืืืขืื, ืืขื ืืงืืฉืื ืืืชื ืืจืื, ืืขืืืดื ืืงืืฉืื ืืืชื ืืขืืืดื. ืืืชืื ืืืจ ืืืืจ ืณืื ืืณ ืืืงืื ืืชืืื ืืงืจื ืืื ืื ืืืฆืืื ืืืืณ <small>(ืืืืืืจ ืณืืืฆืืืืณ ืืืื ืืจืื ืขื ืื ืื ืืืฆืืื ืื ืืืจื ืืื ืืจืขื ืืื ืืฉืื ืืื ืืืืื)</small> ืณืืืื ืืื ืื ืงืืืฉ ืืื ืืจืื ืื ืขืจืืช ืืืจ ืืฉื ืืืืจืืืณ. ืืจื ืืืืจ ืื ื ืืืชืื ืืคืืจืฉ, ืฉืืืฉืจ ื ืืื ืงืืืฉืื ืืื ืืชืืื ืืื ืื ื ืืืฆืืื ื ืืื ืจืข, ืืื ืื ืืจืื ืื ื ืขืจืืช ืืืจ ืืื ืฉื ืืืืจืื ื, ืืืืืื ืืืืื ืขืืื ื ืื ืืกืืืืช ืืดื.",
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113 |
+
"ืืื ื ืืืืดื <small>(ืืจืืืช ืืดื)</small> ืืคื ืืืฉื ืืืงืื ืฉืืืจื ืืืืืช ืืืืกื ืืื ืืืื ืขืจืื. ืืืืืื ืืขืืืดืจ ื ืชืคืจืฅ ืืืืจ ืืื ืืื, ืืืืฆืืดืจ ืืคืชื ืื ืฉืื ืืืื ืคืจืืขื ืจืืฉ ืืื ืฉืื ืืืกืื, ืืื ืืืื ืืืจืืขืืช ืืืืืืช ืืืืืงืืชืืื ืขืฉืืืืช ืืื ืืชื ืืจืืขืืช, ืืขืื ืืืง ืืืื ืืืืืฉืืื ืื ืื ืืื ืืืืดื ืืื ืืืืื ืืื ืฉืืื ืืงืื ืฉืืืื ืฉื ืืืืฉ ืืืื ื ืื ืืขืจืื. ืืืืืื ืื ืืืจืืืช ืฉืืืจื ืืืืฉ ืืืืชื ืื ืืฉืืื ืืชืคืื ืืืืชื ื ืื ืืฉืชื ืื ืืชื ืืืืืื ืื ืื ืื ืขืจืื. ืืืืืข ืฉืืื ืืจืื ืืฉ ืื ืฉื ืืงืืืฉ, ืืืดื ืืฉื ืฉืืืืจื ืืืืื ืืืฉืื ืขื ืขืฆืื ืืจืื, ืืืดืฉ ืืื ืืืงืื ืืฉืจ ืืืืืจ ืืช ืฉืื ืืืื ืืืื ืืืจืืชืื, ืื ืืืืจ ืืืืคื ืืดื, ืื ืืืจื ื ืื ืืขืจืื ืืืฉืื ืืดื ืขื ืืืช ืขื ืขืฆืื, ืืืืืชื ืื ืืจืื <small>(ื:)</small> ืืื ืืงืื ืฉืืืืจืช ืืฉื <small>(ืฉืื ืืืืื)</small> ืืฆืืื ืฉื ืขื ืืืช ืืฆืืื <small>(ืืขืืืดืฉ ืืจืดื ืืจืืดืฉ)</small>.",
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114 |
+
"ืืื ื ืืืืข ืืกืืฃ ืืืื ืืฃ ืื ืืืื ืืืฃ ืฉื ืื ืืื ืืืืจื ืืืฉืื ื ืฉืืชื ืื ืืืืงืื ืืืชืช ืืื ืืืฉืืื ืขื ืืขืฉืื ืืขื ืืืืจืื, ืืืื ืืืฆืื ืืืคื ืืืคืื ืืจืืืช ืืฉืืืช ืืงืืืฉืื ืฉืื ืืื ืขืืืื ืงืืืฉื ืืื ืขืื ืืืขืื ืืื, ืืขื ืืื ืืชืืขื ืืื ื ืืฉืขืช ืืืื. ืืืืืื ืืื ืืฆืื ื ืืืืดื ืขื ืืคืกืืง ืณืืืืื ืืืื ืื ืฉืืืืณ, ืืคืืณ ืฉืืื ืงืื ืืืืืื ืื ืืืื ืืฉืขืช ืืืื. ืืื ืืืืจ ืืดืืืืขืด ืืืจืืขื ืืื ืืืืื ืืืื ืืืื ืืจืืืจืื ืจืขืื, ืืืคืขืืื ืื ืืืดื ืืดื <small>(ืืืกืื ืืื ืื ืื ืืงืื ืื, ืืืฉืดื ืืืณ ืืขืืดืฅ ืืกืืืืจื)</small>, ืืืืขื ืขืดื ืืดืืืืขืด ืืืจืืขื ืืื ืืืืืื ืืืืื ืืืืจื ืฉื ืืงืืดื, ืฉืืืจ ืดืืืื ืืื ืื ืงืืืฉ ืืื ืืจืื ืื ืขืจืืช ืืืจืด.",
|
115 |
+
"ืืื ื ืืืืข ืืื, ืืฉืคืจืฆื ืชืืขืจื ืืืจื ืืืื ืืืืื ืืืื ืืื, ืืืจืื ืืืฆื ืืืืืื ืืืื ืืื ืฉื ืืขืืจ: ืืชืืืงื, ืืชืืืงื ืืืืื ืืืืืช ืืืฉ ืืืืื ืขืฆื ืฉืชืืืื, ืื ืืจื ืืืื ืืืขืจ ืืืฉ, ืืื ืชืชืขืฆืื ืืืืจ ืชืืขื ืื ืื ืคืฉืื ืืื ืืดื, ืืืืจืืื ืชืงืจืื, ืื ืืื ืื ืืืฉืฉืื ืืืืืื. ืืื ืชืชืืืงื ืืจืืื ืืชืืื ืืืฉ ืืงืื ืื ืืื ืฉืืจื ืืจืื ืืืื ืืคื ืขืจื ืืชืืืงืืชื. ืื ืืืืจ ืืขื ืื ื ื, ืื ืื ื ืืืืข ืฉืื ืืฉืจืื ื ืงืจืืื ืืจื ืืณ, ืืืดืฉ ืื ืืจื ืืณ ืฆืืงืืช ืืืช ืืฉืจืื <small>(ืืฉืขืืื ืืณ)</small>, ืืืขืืืดืจ ืชืืขืจื ืืืืื ื ืคืื ืืืจืื ืืืื ืืงืืืืช ืขืดื ืืดืืืืขืด ืืืจืืขื ืืื, ืื ืืชืืืจ ืื ืืืืืื ืืื ืขืืดื, ืืืืืจื ืืดื ืขื ืืคืกืืง ืดืื ืฉืืจืช ืืื ืืืจ ืจืขืด, ืืืืจื ืฉืื ืืืจืืจ ืืื ืืืื ืืืื ืืืื ืืืืื ืืืืื, ืืืืืื ื ืคืกืงื ืืืฉืคืขื ืืืืจืื ืืื ืืืดื ืืขืกืงืื, ืื ืกืืื ืขืืดื ืื ืืฆืจืืช ืืจืขืืช ืืืดืฉ ืืกืืดืง .",
|
116 |
+
"ืขืดื ืืืื ืืืื ืขื ืื ืืืฉ ืืืืฉ ืืืืืช ืืช ืืืฉ ืื ืืจื ืืื ืืืชืงื ืืืืชื ืฉืืืื ืืื ืขืฉืื ืืืื, ืืื ืืชื ืืื ืืคืจืืฆืืช ืืดื, ืืืืื ืขืืืจ ืื ืืฆืืช ืืื ื ืื ืื ืืฉืจืื ืืงืืืฉื ืขืืืื. ืืืืืชืจ ืืืื ืขื ืืจืื ืื ืืขื ืื ืืืจืืื ืืืืจ ืื ืฉืืื ืขืืจ ืืขืืจ ืืืจืืฉ ืืจืืื ืืืืื ืืขื ืื ืืื ืื ืืืข ืืงืืืื ื ืืืืฆืืืชื ื ืืืืฃ ืืื ืคืฉ ืืื ืืืื, ืืืชืงืืื ืืื ืืืืจ ืืืชืื ืดืืืื ืืื ืื ืงืืืฉืด.",
|
117 |
+
"ืืืจื ืืืืชื ืืืืื ืืณ ืืชืืจืชื<br>ืืืืฆืจ ืืฆืจืช ืขืื ืืฉืจืื,<br>ืืืฆืคื ืืืืืื ืืืดื<br>ืืฉืจืื ืืืืจ ืืดืจ ืืจืื ืืื ืืืื",
|
118 |
+
"ืืขืจื: ืืื ื ืืฃ ืฉืื ื ืฆืืขืงืื ืณืื ืชืฉืืืื ื ืืืคื ืื ืืจืื ืงืืฉื ืื ืชืงื ืืื ืืณ, ืืฉืื ืืชืืื ืืืืื ืืืฉืจืื ืื ืงืืืฉืชื. ืืื ืขืฉื, ืืืืจื ืืฆืจื ืืชืืื ืื ืคืฉื ืฉืืืื ืืคืจืืฆืืช ืืื ืฉืืื ืืงืื ืฉืืืื ืฉื ืืืื ืืืืณ ืื ืื ืขืจืื, ืืื ืืืณ ืขืฆืช ืืืขื ืืจืฉืข ืฉืืกืืช ืืช ืื ืืช ืืืื ืืืื ืคืจืืฆืืช ืืื ืืืืืื ืืช ืืฉืจืื, ืืืื ืฉืืืืดื <small>(ืืืืจืืช ืืฃ ืืณ)</small> ืขื ืืคืกืืง ืดืืชืงืจืื ื ืืขื ืืืืื ืืืืืืืด ืขืจืืืืช ืคืืขื ืืื, ืืืืชืื ืฆืืื ืืืืืจ ืดืืืืณ ืืื ืื ืงืืืฉ, ืืื ืืจืื ืื ืขืจืืช ืืืจืด. ืืจื ืฉืชืื ืืืชืื ืงืืืฉืชื ื ืืื ืืขื ืื, ืืื ืฉืืื ืฆืจืื ืืืฆืืดืจ ืืืคื ืื ืืขืืื ืืื ืฉื ืื ืืชืืื ืืืื ืืขืืฉื ืืืช ืืืื ืงืฆืจ. ืืื ื ืืฃ ืฉืืื ืื ื ืืืืจืื ืืืืื ืฉืชืืืื ื ืืืฉืืืชืื ื ืืืืช ืืืืืจืืช, ืขืืดืค ืืืืณ ืืืื ืืืืจ ืืื ืฉืื ืืืืื ืืช ืขืฆืื ืืืชืืืื ืืืื ืืจืืืจืื, ืืืืจ ืืืืดื ืื ืืืืื ืขืฆืื ืืืื ืืจืืืจืื ืืื ืืื ืืกืื ืืืชื ืืืืืฆืชื ืฉื ืืงืืดื โ ืขืืดื ืืืืื ืื ืืืฉ ืืชืงื ืืืืชื ืฉืื ืืืื ืืดื ืืืจืืขืืช ืืืืืืช, ืืื ืื ืืืืฉืืื ืืืื ืขืฉืืืืช ืืืื, ืืื ืฉืื ืืืื ืขืฆืื ืืืื ืืจืืืจ. ืืืฃ ืื ืืืขืื ืขืืื ืื ืืืืฉ ืืื. ืืืืจ ืืืืดื ืืืื ืื ืืืื ืืืงืจื ืฉืืื ืื ืืืื, ืืื ืืืื ืจืฉืข ืฉืขื ืืืช ืืคื ื ืืืงืื ืืืืืืช ืื ืืชื ืืณ ืื ืืืืืช ืื ืื ืชืดื."
|
119 |
+
]
|
120 |
+
},
|
121 |
+
"schema": {
|
122 |
+
"heTitle": "ืืืจ ืขืืื",
|
123 |
+
"enTitle": "Geder Olam",
|
124 |
+
"key": "Geder Olam",
|
125 |
+
"nodes": [
|
126 |
+
{
|
127 |
+
"heTitle": "ืฉืขืจ",
|
128 |
+
"enTitle": "Title Page"
|
129 |
+
},
|
130 |
+
{
|
131 |
+
"heTitle": "ืืงืืื",
|
132 |
+
"enTitle": "Introduction"
|
133 |
+
},
|
134 |
+
{
|
135 |
+
"heTitle": "",
|
136 |
+
"enTitle": ""
|
137 |
+
},
|
138 |
+
{
|
139 |
+
"heTitle": "ืืชืืืช ืืกืคืจ",
|
140 |
+
"enTitle": "Epilogue"
|
141 |
+
}
|
142 |
+
]
|
143 |
+
}
|
144 |
+
}
|
json/Halakhah/Acharonim/Geder Olam/Hebrew/merged.json
ADDED
@@ -0,0 +1,142 @@
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|
1 |
+
{
|
2 |
+
"title": "Geder Olam",
|
3 |
+
"language": "he",
|
4 |
+
"versionTitle": "merged",
|
5 |
+
"versionSource": "https://www.sefaria.org/Geder_Olam",
|
6 |
+
"text": {
|
7 |
+
"Title Page": [
|
8 |
+
"ืกืคืจ ืณืืืจ ืขืืืืณ ืขื ืืืืช ืืฆื ืืขืืช ืืืืืืช ืืืคืจื ืืขื ืื ืืืกืื ืืจืืฉ ืืืฉื ืื ืฉืืื ืืืช ืืจื ืจืืื ื ืืืคืฅ ืืืื ืืฆืดื",
|
9 |
+
"ืื ืืืืืจ ืขื ืื ืืืืจ ืฉืืืจื ืืชืืจื ืืื ืืช ืืฉืจืื ืื ืฉืืืืช ืืืืืช ืฉืขืจืืชืืื ืืืืกืืช, ืื ืืื ืืืื ื ืฉืื ืืืืื ืงืืึผืช ืจืืฉ ืืขื ืื ืืื ืืคืจื, ืืืคืจืฆืช ืืืจ ืืฆื ืืขืืช ืืืื, ืืื ืื ืืืจื ืืืื ืชืงืืืช ืืืืืืช, ืืืื ืืื ืืฆื ืืืขืื ืืืืืขื ืฉืื ื ืขืืื ื ืืื ื ืืืืขืื ืฉืื ืขืืื ืืืื, ืขื ืื ืืื ื ืืืืื ืืืจืืืช ืืคื ื ืืื ืืช ืืืื ืืขืืื ืืืขืื ืฉ ืฉืืฉ ืขืืืจ ืื, ืืืืื ืืฉืืจ ืฉืืฉ ืืื ืืืจืื ืืื ืืืื ืขืืดื ืืชืืงื ืงืฆืช ืคืจืฆืช ืืืืจ, ืื ืืื ืืืืืจ ืคืจืฆืช ืืจืืฉืืื ืืืืจื ืืืืื ื ืืื."
|
10 |
+
],
|
11 |
+
"Introduction": [
|
12 |
+
"ืื ื ืืืฉืจ ื ืชืืื ื ืืืืจื ืืืดื ื ืืฆื ืฉืืืืช ืืฆื ืืขืืช ืืื ืืืื ืืืืื ืืื ืืืืื ืขืืืจ ืื ืืืืืื ืื ืื ืชืดื, ืืืืืจืื ื ืืืืจื <small>(ืืืื ืืฃ ืืดื)</small> ืชื ื ืจืื ื ืฉืืขื ืื ืื ืืื ืื ืืืืื ืฉืืฉื ืืืืื ื ืืืืื, ืืืจื ืื ืืืืื ืื ืขืฉืืช ืฉืืืืช ืืื ืืืจื ืืื ืืืื ืื ืจืื ืงืืจืืช ืืืชื ืงืืขื ืฉืขืจื, ืืืืืคื ืืืช ืืืฆืืคืืช ืืืจืืช ืืืืืื ืื ืื ืขืื ืคื ืื ืืดื. ืืืขืืดื ื ืชืคืจืฅ ืืืืื ืืืช ืืฆื ืืขืืช ืืื ืืืืืชืจ ืืขื ืื ืืืืื ืฉืขืจ ืจืืฉ ืืืฉื ืื ืฉืืื ืฉื ืขืฉื ืืืคืงืจ ืืืืื ื ืฉืื ืฉืืืืืืช ืืคืจืืกืื ืืขืื ื ืืื ืืฉืขืจืืชืืื ืืืืืืืช, ืืื ืขื ืืืืื ืืจืืขืืชืืื ืืื ื ืืงืคืืืืช, ืืืื ืืืฆืืื ืขืื ืืื ืงืืงืืืื ืืืืืื ืืืื ืืืืช ืืืืคืื ืืจืืืช ืืฉืืจื ืืืจื ืงืืืฉื ืฉื ืืืจืืช ืืืชื ืืฉืจืื ืืื ืืื, ืืื ืืคืฉืจ ืืืืืจ ืฉืื ืืื ื ืื ืืืฉื, ืืืืจ ืืืืดื <small>(ืืจืืืช ืืดื)</small> ืืืคื ืืืฉื ืืืงืื ืฉืฆืจืื ืืืืืช ืืืืกื ืืื ืืืื ืขืจืื, ืืื ืฉืขืจ ืืืฉื ืขืจืื ืืืกืืจ ืืืืจ ืฉืื ืืืจื ืงืืืฉื ื ืืื.",
|
13 |
+
"ืืื ื ืืืืข ืฉืื ืืืจืืืช ืื ืฉืืจื ืืืจืึพืชืืจื ืืืื ืฉืื ื ืืืจืื ืืืืื ืื ืืืืืื ืืจืื ืืงืืืฉื ืืืฉืจืื, ืืื ืฉืืชืื ืณืืื ืืืงืื ืืฉืจ ืืืืืจ ืืช ืฉืื ืืืื ืืืื ืืืจืืชืืืณ ืืื ืื ืฉืืืจื ืืืฉืจืื ืืื ืฆืจื ืืคืืข, ืืื ืฉืืชืื ืณืื ืืณ ืืืืื ืืชืืื ืืงืจื ืืื ื ืืืฆืืื ืืืณ ืืืื ืืื ืื ืงืืืฉ ืืืืณ, ืืื ืืืื ืฉืื ื ืืืจืืช ื ืื ืขืจืื ืืดื ืืืจ ืืชืื ืณืืื ืืจืื ืื ืขืจืืช ืืืจ ืืฉื ืืืืจืืืณ. ื ืืฆื ืื ืขื ืืื ืื ืืืื ืืืจืืื ืืืฉืจืื ืืืืืช ื ืชืื ืื ืืืกืชืจ ืคื ืื ืืดื, ืืื ืืืชื ืืืืืดืง ืคืจืฉืช ื ืฉื ืฉืืืจ ืื ืืืจื ืืฉืจืืช ืกืืจื ืืืจื ืืืืชื ืืืืจื ืืกืืื ืืชื ืืืืชื. ืขื ืื ื ืื ืืื ืืขืืดื ืืืกืืฃ ืืช ืื ืืืืจื ืืืดื ืืฉืืืืื ืืขื ืื ืื, ืืืืจืืืช ืืคื ื ืืื ืืช ืืืื ืืขืืื ืืืขืื ืฉ ืฉืืฉ ืืื, ืืืืื ืืืขืื ืืืืฉื ืืฆื ืืขื ืืืจืืื, ืฉืขืืดื ืืื ืืืื ืืื ืื ืืจืื ืืฉื ืืืฉืืืื ืฉืืืืจ, ืืืื ืขื ืืื ืื ืืจืื ืืืงืื ืืืกืจ ืืืชืืงื ืงืฆืช ืืคืจืฆื ืืืืืื ืืืืช, ืืืืืืช ืื ื ืืื ืืจืืืช ืืื ืื ืืจืืฉืืื ืืืจืื ืืขื ืื ืื ืืืดื.",
|
14 |
+
"ืื ื ืืืืืจ ืืืืจื ืืืืื ื ืืดื ืืืื ืืืืกืืจ ืฉื ืืืฉื ืฉืืืฆืื ืืฉืืง ืืจืืฉื ืคืจืืข ืขื ืฉืืืจื ืขืดื ืฉืืื ืืืกืืจ ืืืืืจืืืชื, ืืืคืืื ืืืชื ืืืืกื ืฉืขืจืืชืื ืืืงืฆืช ืืื ืื ืืืื <small>(ืืืื ืฉืืฉ ืงืืชื ืขื ืจืืฉื ืืืืืงืื)</small> ืืดื ืืฉ ืืืกืืจ ืืืืื ืืืจืฉื ืขืืืจ ืื ืืื ืืชืืื. ืืืขืืดื ื ืขืฉื ืืืืจ ืืื ืืืคืงืจ ืืขืื ื ืืจืื ื ืฉืื ืืื ืฉืื, ืืื ืขื ืืืืื ืืจืืขืืชืืื ืืื ื ืืงืคืืืืช, ืืื ืืืจืชื ืืืขืชืืง ืืคื ื ืื ืืืืืจื ืืืืคืืกืงืื ืืช ืืืื ืืืืกืืจ ืฉืืฉ ืืื, ืืื ืืื ืงืืงืืืื ืืืจืื ืฉืืืฆืืื ืืืืื ืขืืดื, ืืืื ืืจืื ืืืงืื ืืืกืจ."
|
15 |
+
],
|
16 |
+
"": [
|
17 |
+
[
|
18 |
+
"<b>ืืืืืจ ืื ืืืื ืืืืกืืจ ืืืื ื ืืืฉื ืืืื ืืคืจืืขืช ืจืืฉ ืืฉืืง</b>",
|
19 |
+
"ืจืืฉืื ืืื ืืืจ ืื ืืื ืืฉื ื ืืคืืจืฉืช <small>(ืืชืืืืช ืืฃ ืขืดื)</small>: ืืืื ืืืฆืื๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ ืฉืื ืืืชืืื ืืขืืืจืช ืขื ืืช ืืฉื ืืืืืืืช, ืืงืืฉืื ืฉื ืืืฉื ื ืืืจืื ืฉืขืืืจืช ืืื ืขื ืืช ืืฉื <small>(ืืืื ื ืื ืฉืืื ืื ืืชืืจื)</small> ืืืื ืฉืืืืืืชื ืืืื ืืืกืืจ ืื ืฉืืื ืืฉืืฉืชื ืืฉืืื ื ืื ืืืืดื, ืืืืื ืขืืืจืช ืขื ืืช ืืืืืืช <small>(ืืืื ื ืื ืฉืื ืืืื ืืขืืื ืืืืื ืืืฉืจืืืืช ืืงืืื ืขื ืขืฆืื ืืืืืจ ืืื ืืฉืื ืฆื ืืขืืช ืืืืจ ืื ืืืืืฆื ืืื ืืื ืืืื ืื ืฉืืืจ ืืืชืื ืณืื ืชืืืฉ ืชืืจืช ืืืืณ)</small> ืณืืืฆืื ืืฉืืง ืืจืืฉื ืคืจืืขืณ, ืืืกืืง ืฉื ืืืืจื ืืืืืจื ืืืฉื ื ืืคืืื ืืืืืฉืช ืงืืชื ืขื ืจืืฉื <small>(ืืื ืืื ืฉืืืืฉืื ืืืืื ืช ืืื ืขื ืจืืฉื ืืืฉ ืืื ืืื ืืืืขืื ืื ืืชื ืื ืฉื ืื ืฉืื ืืืื ืืืื ืฉืืื)</small> ืืคืืดื ืืกืืจ ืืืื ืืืื ื ืืืืฉืช ืืืืขืื ืจืืื ืืืจื ืื ืฉืื, ืืื ืืื ืฉืขืจืืชืื ืืืืืืช ืืืฉ ืขืืืจืืช ืืื ืขื ืืช ืืฉื, ืืื ืืฉ ืืื ืืืกืืจ ืืืืืจืืืชื, ืืืืชืื ืืืฉื ืกืืื ืณืืคืจืข ืืช ืจืืฉ ืืืฉืืณ, ืืชื ื ืืื ืจืณ ืืฉืืขืื ืืืื ืืืืจื ืืื ืืช ืืฉืจืื ืฉืื ืชืฆืื ื ืืคืจืืขืช ืจืืฉ.",
|
20 |
+
"ืืืืื ื ืืืืชื ืงืจื ืฉืืื ืืืื ืืกืืจ ืืืืคืืช ืืขื ืฉืขืจืืช ืจืืฉื ืืื ืื ืืืื ืืขืื ื ืืื ืืืื ืืฉืืจื ืื ืืช ืืฉืจืื ื ืืืจืืช ืืืื ืืืืคื ืื, ืืืขืชืืง ืืืจ ืื ืืจื ืืืคืก ืืืจืืดืฉ ืืืืืืชืื, ืืื ืืชื ืืจืืืดื <small>(ืืคืืดื ืืืืืืช ืืืฉืืช)</small> ืืืดื: ืื ืฉืื ืชื ืชืืช ืืขืื ืืื ืื ืืชืืื ืื ืขืืงืจ ืืื ืชืืกืคืช.",
|
21 |
+
"ืืื ืืืื ื ืืืื ืืื ืืฃ ืืขืืืจืช ืขื ืืช ืืฉื ืื ืขื ืืช ืืืืืืช, ืืืื ืื ืืืืจืื ืฉืื ืขืฉืชื ืืืช ืืื ืขืืจื ืขื ืืช ืืฉื, ืืืฆืื ืืฉืืง ืืฉืขืจ ืจืืฉื ืืืื ืื ืฉื ืืืจืช ืื ืฉื ืฉืืขืช ืืืื ื ืืงืืืืช ืื ืฉืฉืืืฉื ืืืชื ืืืื ื ืื ืื ืฉืืื ื ืงืืฆื ืื ืืืชื ืื ืฉืืืืืื ืืช ืืขืื ืืืจืื ืืกืืจืื, ืขืืดืฉ ืขืื, ืืืื ืื ืืืืจืื ืฉืื ืขืฉืชื ืืืช ืืื ืขืืจื ืขื ืืชึพืืืืืืช, ืืืฆืื ืืฉืืง ืื ืืืืื ืืคืืืฉ ืืจืืฉื ืคืจืืข ืืืื ืื ืจืืื ืืืจื ืื ืฉืื ืืขืดืค ืฉืฉืขืจื ืืืืกื ืืืืคืืช ืื ืฉืืืชื ืืฉืืงืช ืขื ืืืืจืื, ืืขืืืดืฉ ืขืื ืืืจืื <small>(ืืดื ืืงืืชื ืืงืฆืจื ืืืฉืื ื ืืืฉ)</small> ืืื ืืชื ืืืืจ ืืื ืืขืืจ ืกืืื ืงืืดื, ืืื ืืฉืืดืข ืืื ืืขืืจ ืกืืื ืงืืดื ืกืดื ืืขืชืืง ืืฉืื ืืจืืืดื ืื ืดื ืืืืื, ืืื ืื ืืคืืกืงืื ืจืืฉืื ืื ืืืืจืื ืื ืืืื ืืขืชืืงื ืืืจ ืื ืืืื ื ืืื ืืืฉื ืืืฆืืช ืืฉืืง ืืฉืขืจืืชืื ืืืืืื ืืื ืขืืืจืช ืืื ืขื ืืืกืืจ ืืืืจืืืชื:"
|
22 |
+
],
|
23 |
+
[
|
24 |
+
"<b>ืื ืืืืืจ ืืื ืืฉืขืจ ืืืฉื ืขืจืื ืืืกืืจ ืืืืจ ืฉืื ืืืจ ืงืืืฉื ื ืืื</b>",
|
25 |
+
"ืืข ืขืื ืืืืื ืืืกืืจ ืคืจืืข ืจืืฉ ืืฉ ืขืื ืขื ืื ืืืจ ืฉืืืืช ืื ืฆืจืืื ืืืืืช ืฉืขืจื ืืืืกื ืืคืืื ืืืืชื ืืืืื ืืืกืื ืื ืืคืื ื ืืจืืช <small>(ืืื ืื ืฉืงืืจืื ืคืืจืืง)</small> ืืืืดื ืืกืืจ ืืคืืื ืืืขืื ืืืืจ ืฉืื ืืืจ ืงืืืฉื ื ืืื, ืืืฉืขืจ ืืื ืืืื ืขืจืื ืืื ืฉืืืจื ืืืดื <small>(ืืืจืืืช ืืดื)</small> ืณืฉืขืจ ืืืฉื ืขืจืืืณ ืฉื ืืืจ ืืืืณ ืขืืดืฉ, ืืื ืคืกืง ืืืืคืก ืืืจืืืดื ืืืจืืดืฉ ืืืืืจ ืืืฉืืดืข ืืื ืืคืืกืงืื ืจืืฉืื ืื ืืืืจืื ืื.",
|
26 |
+
"ืืื ืืฉืื ืืฉืืดืข ืืืจื ืืืื ืืกืืื ืขืดื ืกืดื: ืณืฉืขืจ ืฉื ืืฉื ืฉืืจืื ืืืกืืชื ืืกืืจ ืืงืจืืช ืื ืืื ืืคืืื ืืฉืชืืณ, ืืืคืืื ืื ื ืชืืื ืจืง ืงืฆืช ืืื , ืืืคืืื ืื ืืจื ืืฉื ืื ืืืืจืืชืื ืืืืชื ืืงืื ืืืื ืืืืืื ืฉืขืจื ืืฉืืง ืืืจื ืืคืจืืฆืืช ืืกืืจ ืืงืจืืช ืื ืืื, ืืืื ืื ืืื ืืจืืขืืชืื ืืฉืืงื ืืืืืื ืืืกืืจ ืืื ืืืื ื ืืงืจืืช ืื ืืื ืืืื ืฉืืชื ืืกืคืจ ืชืคืืจืช ืฉืืืื ืืืืืื ืจืื ืืืืึพืืื."
|
27 |
+
],
|
28 |
+
[
|
29 |
+
"<b>ืื ืืืืืจ ืืื ืืืื ืืืกืืจืื ืืื ืืื ืกืช ืืขืฆืื ืขื ืืื ืื ืืื ืืจืข ืืื. ืืืื ืชืฆืืจื ืืืกืืฃ ืืกืืื ืขืื ืฉืื ืขืืืจ ืื</b>",
|
30 |
+
"ืื ื ืืืืข ืืื ืื ืฉืืืื ืืืืจื ืืืืื ื ืืดื ืืืืืืง ืืืืื ืฉืืฉ ืืื ืืขืืฉื ืืืื ืืืกืืจ ืคืขื ืืืช ืืคื ื ืฉื ืชืืืจ ืขืืื ืืืฆืจ ืืืื ืื ืฉืืืคืงืจ ืืฆืื ืืืืกืืจ ืืืืจื ืืจืืื ื ืืื ื ืืฉืขืจื ืชืฉืืื <small>(ืฉืขืจ ืืณ ืืืช ืืณ)</small> ืืืจืื ืืื ืืจืื ืืืชื ืฉืื ืืืืฉ ืฉืืืคืงืจ ืืฆืื ืืืื ืขืื ืืืืจื โ ืขื ืคืืฉืขืื ื ืื ื, ืืืืื ืขืื ื ืื ืฉืื, ืืืื ื ืงืจื ืืคื ืืืืื ื ืืดื ืืฉืืื ืื ืืฉื ืืืืจ ืืืืจ ืืื ืขืืืจ ืื ืฉืคืืจืง ืืขื ืขืฆืื ืขืื ืืฆืื ืืืช ืืืฆืืช ืืณ, ืืขืดื ืืืืืฆื ืืื ื ืืืจ ืณืืจืืจ ืืฉืจ ืื ืืงืื ืืช ืืืจื ืืชืืจื ืืืืช ืืขืฉืืช ืืืชืืณ, ืฉืคืืจืืฉื ืืฉืจ ืื ืืงืื ืขื ืขืฆืื ืืงืืื ืืช ืื ืืืจื ืืชืืจื ืืจืืฉ ืืขื ืกืืฃ. ืื ืื ืืืืจ ืืืืจ ืืขืื ืืจืื ืื ืืฉืจ ืชืืืจ ืืื ืืขืฉื ืืืืช ืืืืจ ืืื ืืืจ ืฉืืจ ืขืื ืืืื ืื ืืขืืื ืืืืฉืจ ืืขืื ืื ืืขืฉื.",
|
31 |
+
"ืืื ื ืืื ืื ืืืืื ื ืืื ืืช ืืืื ืืขืืื ืฉื ืืืฉื ืฉืืจืืืช ืขืฆืื ืืื ืืืื ืืืื ืืฉืืง ืืขืื ื ืืืจืืืช ืืฉืขืจืืชืื ืืืืืืืช, ืื ืืื ืืืืืช ืขืฆืื ืืขืืืจื ืืื ืืืืจื ืืืดื <small>(ืืืืจืฉ ืฉืืืจ ืืื)</small> ืื ืืืืืื ืขืฆืื ืืขืืืจื ืืื ืื ืืืืื ืขืืืืืช, ืืืืืข ืืื ืื ืฉืืืจ ืืืชืื ืณืืื ืืืฉืื ืืขืืื ืืืืื ืืฉืื ืืืขืืืช ืืขืืื ืืืืืณ, ืืืืื ื ืืขืช ืฉืืืื ืืชืืื ืืขืฉืืช ืืขืืื ื ืืื ืื ืืขืื ืื ืฉืืื ืืืกืืจ ืงืื ืืื ืืืชืืจ ืืขืฆืื ืืขืฉืืช ืืืจ ืื, ืืื ืืฉืืื ืืืคืื ืืืืืจ ืืืืคืื ื ืขืฉื ืืืกืืฃ ืขื ืืขืืืช ืืขืืื, ืื ืืคืืื ืืื ืืฉื ืืฉืืืคืื ืืจืื ืืื ืืืื ืืขืฉืืช ืืื ืขื ืืืดืฉ ืืฉืืืคืื ืืื ืขื ืืืืคื ืื ืืื ืืื ืืืง ืืืื ืืื ืขืฆืื.",
|
32 |
+
"ืื ืืื ืืขื ืืื ื ื, ืื ืืคืืื ืื ืืื ืืืืกืืจ ืงืื ืืื ื ืืฉื ืืขืื ืืืื ืขืดื ืืคืืืชื ืืื ืคืขืืื, ืืืดืฉ ืืื ืฉืืืืกืืจ ืืฆื ืขืฆืื ืืื ืืดื ืืืื ืืื ื ืืคืื ืจืขืชื ืขืดื ืืคืืืชื ืฉืืืคืื ืืช ืืขืืื ืืืืคืื ืืืื ืืืื. ืื ืืืืข ืืื ืื ืฉืืืจื ืืืืื ื ืืดื ืฉืืื ืขืืืจื ืฉืืืื ืขืืฉื ืืขืืืดื ื ืืจื ืืืื ืืืื ืืื ืืืืื ื ืืืดื ืืืืื ื ืงืืชื ืืื ื ืขืืืจ ืื ืืืื, ืืืืืื ืื ืืืื ืื ืืืื ืืืืืืื ืื ืืืื ืืขืช ืคืืืจืชื ืืฉืืื ืืืื ืืืืช ืขืืืื.",
|
33 |
+
"ืืดื ืืื ืฆืจืืื ืืืฉื ืฉืืืจืืืช ืืื ืืืื ืืืชืืื ื ืชืืื ืขื ืืขื ืื ืื ืืจื ืืื ืืืืจื ืฉืืื ืืืืื ืืืืืื ืฉืืฆืื ืืฉืืง ืืขืื ื ืืืจืืืช ืืฉืขืจืืชืื ืืืืืืืช ืชืืช ืืฉืจ ืืฉืื ืืืชืืืคืืช ืขืฆืื ืืื ื ืืจื ืื ืืืื ืืืฉืืืช ืืืืื ื ืงืืชื ืืื ื, ืืดื ืืื ืืืคืื ืืืืื ืืืื ืืืืื ืื ืืช ืขืฆืื ืืืืชืื ืื ืขื ืขืช ืคืืืจืชื ืืืืืชื ืืืืืื ื ืงืืชื ืืื ื, ืืฉื ืชืฆืขืง ืืชื ืื ืณืืื ืืืืืืณ ืขื ืืขืฉืื ืืจืขืื, ืืืื ืื ืืืขืื ืื ืืืื ืฉืืืจ ืืืชืื <small>(ืืืฉืื ืืณ)</small> ืณืื ืืืช ืืืืจืืชื ืืืืืช ืืฉืจื ืืฉืืจืืณ. ืืืื ืืขืฆืื ืชืชืืืื ืืืกืืฃ ืขื ืื ืืขืื ืืช ืฉืขืฉืชื ืืขืืืดื, ืืื ืฉืืืจื ืืืดื ืขื ืืคืกืืง ืณืขืืืจื ืืขืืง ืืืื ืืขืื ืืฉืืชืืื ืื ืืจืืืช ืืขืื ืืืจืืณ โ ืืืื ืฉืืจืฉืข ืืชืืืื ืืฉื ืฉืืืฆืืจืข ืืชืืืื ืืืืืจ: ืณืื ื ืคืืื ื ืื ืคืืื ื ืขืืจืชื ืขืืืจื ืคืืื ืืช ืืืงืื ืคืืื ื ืืืื ืคืืื ื ืืคื ื ืคืืื ื ืืืขืื ืคืืื ื ืืคืืื ืืณ, ืืื ืืฆืืืงืื ืขืืืื ืื ืืช ืืื ื ืืืืืจืื ืืคื ืื ืณืจืืืื ื ืฉื ืขืืื, ืืคื ืื ืช. ืืคื ืืืืืช, ืืคื ืืืืืช. ืืคื ืชืืงื ืช ืืืื ืื ืืจืฉืขืื ืืืดืข ืืฆืืืงืื. ืืื ืืืจื ืืืืจื ืืืกืืช ืกืืื <small>(ืืฃ ืืณ ืขืดื)</small> ืณืืืืื ืฉืืื ืืืื ืื ืืืืืื ืื, ืืืฉืืื ืืื ืืฉืขืจื ืื ืชืื ืืฉืขืจื ืืืืณ ืขืืดืฉ. ืืืคื ืื ืืขื ืื ื ื ืฉืืืื ืืื ืืฆื ืฉืขืจืืชืื ืืืืืืืช ืืขืื ื ืืื, ืืืืืื ืื ืืื ืืืื ืืืืฉืืืชืื ืฉื ืืจืื ืืืฉืขืจืืช ืืขื ืืฉื ืืืดื ืืฉืขืจืืชืื ืืืคื ืืืืื ืื, ืขื ืื ืืชืืื ื ืืืื ืืื ืื ืืขืืื ืืืืื ืืืื ืืืจืื ืืฉืืดืช ืืื ืฆื ืืื ืฆืจื:"
|
34 |
+
],
|
35 |
+
[
|
36 |
+
"<b>ืื ืืืืืจ ืคืืชืื ืืืฆืจ ืฉืืฉ ืืขื ืื ืื</b>",
|
37 |
+
"ืืื ืืืขื ืืืชื ืืืฆืจ ืฉืชื ืฆื ืื ืืืื ืืคื ื ืฉืืืชื ืฆืจืืื ืืืชืงืฉื ืขืฆืื ืืขืื ื ืืขืื ืฉืื ืชืชืื ื ืขืืื, ืื ืืืืช ืืืื ืืขืืช, ืืื ืฉืืื ืจืง ืืืืชื ืืื ืืื ืืฉืืง, ืืขืื ืืื ืืืืชื ืืื ืื ืขืฆื ืืืื ืืืืื ืืืกืื ื ืื ืื ืืคืื ื ืืจืืช <small>(ืคืืจืืง)</small> ืขื ืจืืฉื ืืื ืืืืืช ืฉืขืจืืชืื.",
|
38 |
+
"ืืื ื ืืืฉืจ ื ืชืืื ื ื ืืฆื ืฉืฉืชื ืกืืืืช ืืืจืืืช ืืื ืืขืืื ืืืื, ืืื ืืคื ื ืืขืฆืืืช ืฉืืชืขืฆืืช ืืืจืื ืืื ืืื ืืืืืฉ ืืืื ืืืกืื ืขื ืฉืขืจื, ืืขืื ืืคื ื ืคืืชืื ืืืฆืจ ืฉืืกืืชื ืืืคืืช ืืช ืขืฆืื ืืคื ื ืื ื ืืื ืืืืชืงืฉื ืืฉืขืจืืชืื, ืืขื ืฉืชืืื ืืื ืขืชืืื ืืืชื ืืื ืืืฉืืื.",
|
39 |
+
"ืืืืืช ืืื ืฆืจืื ืืืื ืืืจื ืืืคืื ืืฉืืชืืื ื ืืขื ืื ืื ืฉืืืกืืฃ ืืฉืืขืื ืืืขืื ืืคื ื ืืกื ืืืืื ืืชืืจื ืืืชื ืืื ืืืฉืืื ืืืจืื ืืช ืืืจ ืืืื ืืืงืื ื ืืื ืฉืืฉ ืื ืืื ืืืคืื ืจืืืืช ืืชืืช ืฉื ืืืืื ืืฉืจืช ืฉืขืืืืื ืชืืื ืืคื ื ืืืืื ืืชืืจื, ืืืืืืจ ืืืชืื ืณืืืฃ ืืืคืื ืืฉืืฉืื ื ืืจืืื ืจืืืื ืงืืืืื ืืงืืืืืณ, ืืืืื ืืขืื ืืืืื ืืคื ืื ืืขืืฉืื ืืืืื ืจืฆืื ืงืื ื, ืืฉืืจืื ืืืื ืืช ืื ืื ืืื ืื ืืืืฉ ืื ืืขืฆืื ืืฉืจ ืืฉืืื ืืืื ืขืฆืืืช ืื ืืฉืืื ืืืื ืื ืื ืงืื ืืขืืืดื ืืืคืืช ืืช ืขืฆืื ืืคื ื ืื ื ืืื ืืืืชืงืฉื ืืคื ืืื ืืฉืจ ืืื ืืดื ืืืฉื ืขืคืจ ืืืืชื ืขืืจ ืืื ืคืขืืื ืขื ืจืฆืื ื ืฉื ืืืื ืืณ ืืชืืจื ืืฉืจ ืืื ืืืงื ืื ืืฆืืืืช ืืืื, ืืืคืจื ืืฉืืฉืืืืื ืืืืืจื ืื: ืณืืคื ืกืจืืื! ืืื ืื ืืจืื ืืืจืื ืืืืจืื, ืขืืื ืืืื ืืืืจ ืืขืฉืื! ืืื ืืื ืืชื ืืืื ืืืฉืื ืื ืืืื ืืืฉืื ืขืืืจืืณ ืืื ืืืืกื ืื ืืืื ืคื ืื.",
|
40 |
+
"ืืื ื ืืชื ื ืืืจ ืืกืชืื ืืฉืืฉื ืืืจืื ืืืืณ ืืืื ืืชื ืืืื ืืืงืื ืขืคืจ ืืืืณ ืืืคื ื ืื ืืชื ืขืชืื ืืืชื ืืื ืืืืณ, ืื ืฉืืืจ ืืื ืืืฉืื ื ืืื ืณืืชื ืืืื, ืืชื ืขืชืืืณ ืืื ืืืจ ืืืฉืื ื ืกืชืจ ืณืืกืชืื ืืืื ืืฉืืฉื ืืืจืื, ืืืื ืื, ืืืื ืืื, ืืืคื ื ืื ืืื ืขืชืื ืืืชื ืืื ืืืืด, ืื ืืืืช ืื ื ืจืืืื ืืืืฉ ืฉืื ืืื ืืืืข ืืืืจืืจ ืืฉืืื ืืืื ืืืืืช ืืืช ืื ืืืืช ืืืื ืฉืืืื ืขืชืื ืืืืช ืืืขืคืดื ืืื ืคืืขื ืื ืื ืคืฉื ืคืขืืื ืจืื ืืืคืขืืื ืืื ื ืคืืขื ืืื, ืืืื ืืืขื ืฉืืื ืืฆืืืจ ืจืง ืฉืคืืื ื ืืช, ืืื ืืชื ื ืืืจื ืื ื ืฉืืขืืงืจ ืฉืืืื ืืฆืืืจ ืื ืคืฉื ืชืืื ืืช ืืฆืื ืืขืชืืื ืฉืืืืื ืืื ื ืฉืืื ืืื ืืฉืจ ืึตืขึธืฉืึถื ืืืกืืฃ ืจืื ืืชืืืขื ืืืื ืืื ืืฉืจ ืืฆืืจื ืืืชื ืืื ืืืฉืืื ืืคื ื ืืื ืืขืืืืื ืืฉืจ ืื ืืฉื ืคื ืื ืืื ืืงื ืฉืื, ืืืื ืืืจ ืณืืชื ืืืื ืืชื ืขืชืืืณ. ืืืฉืืชืืื ื ืืืื ืื ืื ืืขืืื ืืืืื ืืืืืื ืฉืืฉื ืืชืืจื ืืืืื ืื ืืื ืืืื:"
|
41 |
+
],
|
42 |
+
[
|
43 |
+
"<b>ืื ืืืืืจ ืขืื ืคืืชืื ืืืฆืจ ืฉืืฉ ืืขื ืืื ืื</b>",
|
44 |
+
"ืื ืื ืืคืชื ืืืชื ืืืฆืจ ืืืืจ ืืื ืื ืืืืื ืื ื ืืขืืจ ืืืืจ ืื, ืืืื ืฉืืืื ืฉื ืขื ืฉืืจ ืื ืืช ืืฉืจืื ื ืฉื ืืขืืจ ืืืืฆืืืช ืคืจืืขืืชึพืจืืฉ ืืฉืืง ืื ืืืื ืขืืื. ืืืฉืื ืื ืืฉื ืืื ืืืืจ ืืืื, ืืืื ืฉื ืชืคืก ืื ืืืฉ ืืืืช ืืืกืืจืื ืขื ืืืื ืขืืืื ืึทืึตืึทืจ ืื ืฉื, ืืืื ืื ืฉื ืืื ืืฉื ื. ืืืืืื ืืืื ืืืื ืืืืช ืืืื ืื ืืื ืืืกืคืจื ืื ืื ืื ืืงืจืื ืืืจืข ืืืจ ืืื ืืืืื ื ืืืจืช ืืืื ืืืจ ืคืืื ื ืืืืื ื ืืื ืืื ื ืืืฉ ืืืืคื ืงืฉื ืืื ืืืฉ, ืืืขื ืืืืืจ ืืื ืืื ืืืืจ ืืื ื ืืืื ืืื ืืื, ืืื ืืื ื ืืืื ืืื ืืืื ืืืืชื ืืกืคืจืื ืื ืฉืืืกืืฃ ื ืืฆืื ืืืชื ืคืืื ื ืืื ืืขืื ืฉ ืืคืฉืจ ืฉืืืืชื ืืคืืืื ืื ืืืืืชื ืืืงืฆืช ืขืืดื, ืื ืขืืดืค ืื ืืืืชื ืืกืคืจืื ืื ืฉืคืืื ื ืืืืื ื ื ืชืคืก ืืดื ืขื ืขื ืืื ืื ืืืืื ืื ืืืจ ืืืื ืืดื ื ืืืฉ ืขืื ืืืืจื ืืคืฉืจ ืฉืื ืืื ืืดื ืงืฆืช ื ืืืื ืืื ืืืฉืจ ืืจืื ืฉืืื ื ื ืืืื ืืืืจ ืืื, ืืื ืขืชื ืฉืืื ื ืืืฉ ืืืืื ื ืืืจืช ืื ืืืกืืฃ ืื ืฉืืื ืืื ืื ืืืื ืืืืืฉืื ืขืื ืืื.",
|
45 |
+
"ืืื ื ืื ืืื ืืขื ืืื ื ื ืืืฉ ืื ืฉืืื ืืืืข ืื ืืืื ืื ืืฉ ืขืื ืืื ืฉืขืืืจ ืขืืืจื ืืื ืืื ื ืืืฉ ืืืืคื ืงืฉื ืืื ืืืงืื ืืืจ, ืืื ืืงืื ืืืืื ืื ืืืืข ืืื ืฉืืื ืืืื ืืื, ืฉืื ืืขืืื ืืื ืืื ืืืื ืืืคืื ืืืืื ืื, ืืื ืฉืืืจื ืืืดื ืืคืกืืื ืืฃ ืฆืดื ืขืดื ืขืืณ ืฉื, ืืืฉ ืืืื ืืชืคืืก ืืืืืช ืืืืืคืื ืื ืฉืื ืืฉืจ ืื ืืื ืืืื ืจืืืง ืืืืืจื ืืื ืืืืช ืคืจืกืืืช ืืื ืืจืื ืืื ืืฉืืข ืื๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝืืจื ืืื. ืืืืืชืจ ืฉืืฉ ืฉื ืืืื ืื ืืื ื ื ืืื ืืฉ ืฉืื ื ืฉืืื ืืืืจ ืืื ืฉืืื ืืฉ ืฉื ืืฉื, <small>(ืืืืื ื ืฉืืื ืื ืจืง ืื ืืฉืืจืฃ ืืื ืื ืืืืืจ ืืื)</small>, ืืืืืืชื ืืืืจืฉ ืฉืืืฉื ืฉืืื ืืชืืืืช ืืจืืืชึพืืขืืื ื ืฉืืจ ืืืืื ืื, ืืดื ืืื ืื ืืื ืจืืื ืืช ืืืืจื ืืื ืฉืืืข ืืื ื ืืื, ืืื ืื ืืื ืืืื ืืฆืืขืง ืณืืื ืืืืืืณ ืืืงืืื.",
|
46 |
+
"ืืืื ืืืื ืืื ืขืื ืฉ ืืืืื ืื ืฉืืืจื ืืืดื ืฉืืื ืืื ื ืืฉ ืืฉ ืืืืื ืื, ืืฉ ืื ืืืืื ืืืจืื, ืืืฉ ืื ืืืืื ืืืืขืืช, ืืืฉ ืื ืืืืื ืืื ืืืื, ืืืฉ ืื ืืืื ืื ืืืืืืช, ืืืฉ ืื ื ืืจืืช ืฉื ืืคืช ืืฉื ืืคืจืืช ืืืฉืืื ืืจืืชืืื, ืืืฉื ืืืจ ืืื ืืดื ืขื ืืจืฉืข ืืืจื ืืืืื ืื ืืื ืืืจืื ืืืขืืช ืืดื ืขื ืฉื ืขืฉื ืืื ืืื ืืขืืื, ืืืื ืฉืืืจื ืืืืื ื ืืดื ืขื ืืคืกืืง ืณืขืืืจื ืืขืืง ืืืื ืืขืืื ืืฉืืชืืืืณ, ืื ืืืืื ืื ื ืงืจื ืขืืง ืืืื, ืืจืื ืื ืืคืืื ืืืื ืื ื ืืื ืืืื ืขืดื ืืฉืืื ื ืืืจ ืืขื ืื ืืืื ืื ืืื ืืืืขืืข ืืื, ืืืื ืฉืืืจ ืืืชืื ืณืกืืจ ืืคืืื ืืฉืจื ืืืืฉืคืืื ืืจืืชืืณ, ืืืืืข ืืคืื ืืื ืืจืื ืขื ืืืืื ืื, ืืืืืืจ ืืืชืื ืขืคืดื ืื ืฉืืชื ืืืจืดื ืืดื ืืืฉืื ืืื ืืื ืฉืื ืคืฉ ืืื ื ืืืืืจื ืืขืื ืฉ ืืืืื ืื ืกืืื ืื ืืฉืจ ืืืื ืืืื ืืืืืจ ืฉืื ืืกืืจืื ืืงืืจ, ืืืื ืืืื ืช ืืืชืื ืณืกืืจ ืืคืืื ืืฉืจืืณ โ ืืืื ื ืขืดื ืืคืื ืืืื ืืืืื ืื ืื ืืืฉืจ ืืงืื ืืกืืจืื ืืื ืื ืืื ืชืืงืขืื ืืืชื ืืืกืืจืื, ืณืืืืฉืคืืื ืืจืืชืืณ โ ืืืื ื ืื ืคืฉ ืืชืืืจืืช ืื ืืืฉืคื ืืฉืจ ืืื ื ืืชื ืช ืืคื ื ืืกื ืืืืื ืืชืืจื.",
|
47 |
+
"ืืืงืื ืืืื ื ืืืืืช ืืืฉืืื ืืืื ืืืืช, ืืืืื ืืื ืขืื ื ืืขืืจืชื ื ืืื ื ืืจื ืจืข, ืืืื ืฉืืืจ ืืืชืื ืณืื ืื ืืื ืืืื ืฆืืืืช ืื ืืืจื ืจืข ืื ืืชื ืขืืืืณ:"
|
48 |
+
],
|
49 |
+
[
|
50 |
+
"<b>ืืขื ืื ืืืืช ืืืขื ืืืืืื ืืืฉืชื ืืขื ืื ืื</b>",
|
51 |
+
"ืื ื ืืืืข ืืืืืื ืืื ืืฆืืช ืขืฉื ืืืืจืืืชื ืืื ืืืชืื <small>(ืืืงืจื ืื, ืื)</small> ืดืึนืืึตืึท ืชึผืึนืึดืืึท ืึถืช ืขึฒืึดืืชึถืึธ ืึฐืึนื ืชึดืฉืึธื ืขึธืึธืื ืึตืึฐืืด, ืืืืจื ืืืดื: ืื ืื ืฉืืฉ ืื ืืืืืช ืืื ืฉื ืืืชื ืืืื ื ืืืื ื ืชืคืก ืืื ืฉื ืืืชื. ืื ืื ืืคื ืื ืืื ืืืื ืืืืื ืขื ืืืขื ืืืืืชื ืืขืืื ืื ืืืืขืจืื ืืคื ืื ืืืื ืืืืกืืจ ืืืืณ.",
|
52 |
+
"ืืื ืืืฉืื ืืืื ืื ืคืฉื ืืืืจ ืืืจ ืืืจืชื ืื ืคืขืืืื ืืฉืืฉ ืืืื ื ื ืฉืืืขืช ืื ืืื ืื ืืืืจ ืขืื ืืขื ืืื ืื, ืืชืืื ื ืืืื ืืขืฆืื ืืื ืืื ืืชื ืื ืื ืืฉืืื ืจืืื ืฉืืฉืชื ืืงืืงืืช ืื ืขืกืงืื ืฉืืื ืขืืฉื, ืืืืืื ืืื ืฆืืขืง ืืจ ืขืืื ืืืืจ: ืณืื ืชืขืฉื? ืืื ืฉืืื ืืช ืืกืืืขืช ืื ืขืื ืชืงืืงืื ืื ืืืืืชื, ืืื ื ืืื ืื ื ืืื ืื ืฉื ืืืชื? ืืื ื ืืืช ืืคื ื ืฉืืืชื?ืณ ืืืื ืืชืืื ืืื ืืื ื ืขืฆื ืืืขืจืื ืืคื ืื ืืืื ืฉืืืชื, ืคืขื ืืืฉืื ืจืื ืืคืขื ืืืฉืื ืงืฉื ืขื ืฉืืืชื ืืชืืื ื ืช ืืขืฆืื ืืืกืืจ ืืืืืืชื ืืขืืื. ืื ืืขื ืืื ื ื ืฆืจืื ืชืืื ืืืืืืื ืืขื ืืื ืื ืืืืขืจืื ืืคื ืื ืืืื ืืงืืงืืืื ืืืืฆืืื ืืื ืฉืืืื ืขื ืืื ืื ืืจ ืืืืจืืช ืื ืื ืืื ืื ืฉืืืฆื ืขื ืืื ืื ืืื ืืืืช ืืืืคืื ืชืคืืืืช ืืืจืืืช ืฉืืื ืฉืื ืืืืื ืขื ืฉืขื ืืื ืื ืชืชืจืฆื ืืืื ืืืืกืื ืขื ืฉืขืจื.",
|
53 |
+
"ืืืืฉืื ืื ืืฉื ืืื ืืืืจ ืืืื, ืืกืืืจ ืืื ืืืื ืฉืืื ืืจ ืืขืืจ ืืืืื ืืืกืืจื ืืื ืืืื ืื ืืืืืช ืืืจืืืืืช ืืืฉืชื ืืืชื ื ืืฉืืช ืื ืืชื ืช ืืชืื ืืขืกืง ืืื, ืืืืขื ืืื ืืจืื ืืืกืข ืชืืื ืืืืื ืืช ืจืืืงืืช ืืงื ืืชื ืืืฉืืื ืคื ืืืืช ืืกืืจื. ืืืื ืืืื ืืืืืื ืฉืจื ืืืืื ืืืืช ืืกืืืจ ืืื,",
|
54 |
+
"ืืืืืจื ืืืืฉื: ืฉืืขื ื ืขื ืืขืื ืื ืืื ืกืืืจ ืืืื ืืืื ืืืื ืืืื ืื ืืืืืช ืืืจืืืืืช ืืขืชื ืืืืข ืืืื ืืืชืืจ ืืช ืืืื ื ืืืชืจ ืืืืืื ืื ืฆืจื ืื ื ืืื ืื ืืืืืช ืืืงืจืืช, ืืื ืืฉ ืืืืช ืืกืืจื?",
|
55 |
+
"ืืชืขื ืืชืืืจ: ืืื ืื ืืืื ืฉืื ืืงืจืืช ืืืื ืืจืืืืืช ืจืง ืืื ืชื ืืืชืจ ืฉื ืืืื ืืื ืื ืืจืง ืืืชืื ืืืขืื ืฉืืฉืชืื ืืืฉืืื ืืืขื ืืืื ืืืื ื.",
|
56 |
+
"ืืืขื ื ืืืืืจื ืื: ืืขื ื ื ืื ืชืฉืืจื ืืืืื ืชืฉืื ืขื ืื ืืืช ืืืื ืื ืืืืจื ืืืืืจื ืฉืื ืืืื ืืดื ืืื ืื ืืืืืืคืืช ืื ืืขืช ืืืชืจืช ืืืชืจ ืืชืงืืฆืื ืืื ืืืื ืืืืื ืฉืื ืืืื ืื ืืืืืื ืขื ืืื ืื ืืืื ืืืื ืื ืืืฆื ืืดื ืฉืื ืืืืฃ ืืื ืืืื ืืืืื ืืืื ืืืืื ืืื ื ืืืชืขืกืงืื ืืืืจ ืืื ืืื ืื ืืืืืข ืืดื ืขื ืืื ืื. ืขื ืื ืืืืจื ืืืืจ ืืื.",
|
57 |
+
"ืืชืขื ืืชืืืจ: ืืื ืืจืื ืืืจื ืืขืื ืืขืืื ืืกืืืจ ืืืื ืื ืืืืืืคืืช ืืืคืจื ืืืืจ ืื ืืืข ืืืชืจ ืืืืืช, ืืชืืืฃ ืืชืื ืืืขืื ืืืชื ืฉืืืจื ืขืฆืื ืืงื ืืช ืืื ืื ืืงืจืืช ืืืื ืฉืชืืืื ื ืจืืืืืช ืืืื ืชื ืืืชืจ ืืืื ืืืจืื ืืืฉืืื ืฉืื ืืืื ืฉืื ืืืืฃ ืืื.",
|
58 |
+
"ืืืฉืื ืืืขื: ืืื ืื ืืงืจืืช ืืืื ืืฉ ืื ืืื ื ืฉืืืื ืืืืื, ืื ืืืชื ื ืืืชืจ ืืืื ืืื ืขื ืืื ื ืืจื ืืื. ืขื ืื ืืฃ ืฉืื ื ืืจืฉืชื ืงืฆืช ืืฆื ืืืื ืื ืืืืจื ืฉืืื ื ืืืืืืคืืช, ืื ืืช ืืืืื ืืืื, ืืืืืจื ืืืชืืื ืืืชืืื ื ืืื ืืืืจืืืชื ืืืืื ืื ืื ืืื ืืื ืืืืฃ ืืืืดื ืืืกืจื ืืฉืจื ืืืืืื.",
|
59 |
+
"ืืืื ืืืื ืืืืชื ืขื ืืืื ืื ืืืงืจืืช ืืืื ืืจืืชื ืฉืืชื ืืขืื ืฉืืคื ืืขืชื ืืื ื ืืืืืืคืืช, ืืจืื ืืืืชื ืืืจืืืืช ืืืืื ืืชืฉืืงืช ืืืืื ืฉืชืืื ืืืชืคืืจ ืืขืื ื ืืื ืืืืชืงืฉื ืืคื ืืื ืืืืชืืช ืืืืื ืฉืื ืชื ืื ืขืืืจ ืื ืืืช ืืืื, ืื ืืฉืฉื ืืฆืืืื ืืขืื ืืืงืืจ ืขืื ืืืจ ืื ืืชืืืฃ ืืืืชื ืืืืช ืืืื ืื ื ืฉืืื ืื ืืืื ืื ืืืืืช ืืืืืื ืืืืชื ืฉืจื ืืืืืื ืืืืืื ืืืฉืืื ืื ืืืกืฃ ืืื ืืืชืฉืืจื ืืืืื ืืื.",
|
60 |
+
"ืืืื ืืืืืข ืืื ืืืชืจืช ืืืื ืืืชืงืืฆื ืืื ืืืืื ืืืชืืื ืืืื ืืคื ืืื ืื ื ืฉืืื ืื ืืืืื ื ืจืืืงื ืืื ืื ืืงืจืืช ืืื ืขืืืจ ืืชืจื, ืืืื ืืจืืืชื ืืช ืืืื ืื ืืืืจื ืฉืื ืืืืืืคืืช ืืขื ืืื ืื ืืื ืืืื ืืืื,",
|
61 |
+
"ืืชืืืฃ ืฉืืื ืืืจ ืืืฉื ืืืจืขืื ืขืืื ืืงืื ืืืื ืืืืจ ืขืื ืฉ ืืืืช ืขืืืื ืื ืืื ืืชืจืื ื ืื ืฉืชืืืจื ืฉืื ืืืื ืฉืื ืืืืฃ ืืื ืื ืืืจ ืื ืื ืข ืืืชืจ ืืืื ืืืืืืช ืืื ืืืื ืืืื.",
|
62 |
+
"ืืชืขื ืืชืืืจ: ืืื ืขืื ืืดื ืืืฉืื ืื ืืื ืื ืื ืืชืืชื ืืืขืื ืืืืืจืชืื ืฉืื ืืืื ืฉืื ืืืืฃ ืืื ืืื ืคืฉืขื ืืื.",
|
63 |
+
"ืืืืืื ืื ืืช ืืืขื ืืืืฉืคื ืืืืืจื ืื: ืืชื ืฉืืืช ืืช ืืืื ืื ืืืื ืืืืืืืคืืช ืืฉืจ ืืื ืกืืื ืืืืืช ืืช ืืืื ืืืื ืืืชืจื.",
|
64 |
+
"ืืืืืจ: ืื, ืืื ืื ืืืชื ืืืื ืชื ืืดื ืืืืืช ืืช ืืืื ืืืื, ืจืง ืฉืืืืืจืื ืจืืืื ื ืืื ืืื ืื ืื ืืชืืชื ืืืฉืชื ืฉืืื ืชืจืื ืขืื ืืืืืื ืื ืืืืืืื ืืืชืืื ืืื ืืืกืจื ืชืืืฃ ืืงืืขื ืืืชืจ ืืืืืื.",
|
65 |
+
"ืืืฆืขืงื ืขืืื ืืืืจ: ืืืืจ ืื ืืืข ืืืชืจ ืืืื ืืื ืื ืืขืฆืื ืืืงืืจ ืืืจื ืื ืืืื ืืืชืืื ืืื ืืกืืื ืขื ืืืฉื ืืืขืชื ืงืื ืขืืื. ืขื ืื ืชืืช ืืืืื ืฉืืืืชื ืืงืืืื ืืืชื ื ืื ืืืืชื ืืืืืื ืืขืกืง ืื ืืืืื ื, ืขืชื ืืฉื ื ืงืืื ืชืืจืฉื ืืืืจืืืื ืฉื ืืื ืืืืช ืืืกืืจืื, ืืืืกืจืื ืฉืื ืืืกืืจืื ืงืฉืื.",
|
66 |
+
"ืืชืขื ืืืฉื ืืงืื ืืื ืืชืืืจ ืืืขืื: ืืชื ืืืืช ืืขืืืจื ืืืชื ืืื ืืืื ื ืืืช ืจืฆื ืืื ืืฉืืืจ ืืื ืื ืืื ืื ืืืขืช ืฉืืืื ืื ื ืงื ืืช ืืืืืช ืงืืืขืืช ืืืชืจ ืืืื, ืืืื ืื ืืืืืจ ืืคื ืฉืื ืืืื ืฉืื ืืืืฃ ืืื ืืขื ืืื ืื ืืื ืืื ืื ืื, ืื ืื ืืขืืื ืขื ืืื ืืขืกืง ืืื ืืื ืขืชื ืจืื ืื ืขืฉืืช ืืืกืืจื, ืืืืช ืขืื ืื ืืืืืืช ืืืืกืืจืื. ืืื ืขืชื ืืื ืื ืืืื ืื ืคืฉื ืื ืืืื ืกืืฃ ืืืืจืืช ืขื ืืื ืืกืืจืื ืืืื.",
|
67 |
+
"ืืืขื ืืืขื ืืงืื ืืจ ืืืืืจ: ืืื ืื ืืืื ืื ืคืฉื ืฉืืจืืช ืื ืื ืืฆืจืืช ืืื ืืื ืืชืืชื ืื ืืชืืืื ืืืชืจืืชื ืื ืฉืืงื ืืช ืืื ืื ืืืืืช ืืืชืจ ืืืืื ืืื ืขื ืืื ื ืืจื ืืื, ืขื ืื ืชืจืื ืืืจืืฉ ืืชืืืื ืืืื ืื ืืื ืืื ืฉืื ืืืืฃ ืืืืดื ืืืกืจื ืืืืืืช ืืืื ืื ืืงืืื ืืืจืื, ืื ืืืืชื ืืืชืขืฉืจ ืขื ืืื ื๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ ืืืื ืจื ืืืืื ืืืืืืฉื ืจืงืื ืืืืชืคืืจ ืืคื ื ืืื ืืจื ืื ืฉื ืกืชืื ืขืื ืื ืฉืืื ืื ืคืืช ืืืืจ ืฉืืื ืืื ืื ืืคืืช ืืื ืืืชื. ืืื ืื ื ืืื ืคืฉื ื, ืื ืืืื ืืกืืคื ื.",
|
68 |
+
"ืื ืืืืจ ืืื ืืฉืืืื ืืกืื ืชืืจื ืืืขืฉืื ืืืืื ืืขืืื ืืื ืื ืขืฉื ืืื ืชืืงืื ืื ืืืืืื ืืืขืื ืืขืืืืืช ืืขืืืื ืื ืื ืขื ืืื ืื ื ืืจืื ืืชืจืื ืฉืืืชืืจืื ืืืฉื ืืชืืจื ืืื . ืื ืื ืื ืื ื ืขืฉื ืืืฆืื ืืืืื ืืื ืคืจืืื ืฉื ืขืฉืืช ืืงืืืฉื ืืืืงืื ืงืืืฉื, ืืืืืชืื, ืืืื ืืื ืื ืงืืืฉ ืืื ืืจืื ืื ืขืจืืช ืืืจ ืืฉื ืืืืจืื, ืืืคืืงื <small>(ืืืืฆืื)</small> ืื ื ืขืฉืืช ื ืื ืืขืจืื ืืืื ืฉืงืจื ืืืื ืืืจ ืชืืจื ืื ืฉืืจื ืฉืื ืืจืื ืืื ืื ืื ืฉืขืจ ืืฉื ืื ืืจืืขืืชืื ืืืืณ ืืืืืืื, ืืื ืืฉ ืืืืจื ืืืืื ื ืืดื ืฉืืกืจื ืื. ืืืืื ืืื ืื ืฉืื ืงืืืฉื ืขื ืืืืืืจ ืืืื ืืืืงืื ืืืืจ ื ืขืฉื ืืืฉื ืืดื, ืืืคืืื ืื ืจืง ืืืื ืชืืืืช ืืืืจืื ืืื ื ืื ืื ืื ืดื, ื ืืกืจ ืืืจ ืืงืืืฉื ืืืงืื ืืืื ืฉื ืืืชืจ ืืืืื ื ื ืื ืืื ืืชืืืืช ืืืืืชืื ืืืื ืืื ืื ืงืืืฉ ืืื ืืจืื ืื ืขืจืืช ืืืจ ืืฉื ืืืืจืื, ืืชืืืจืชื ื ืื ืก ืืืฉื, ืืืืืข ืฉืืงืืดื ืืชืคืืจ ืืขืื ืืฉืจืื ืืคื ื ืืคืืืื ืฉื ืืขืื ืืขืืจืืช ืฉืืขืืจืื ืื ืชืืื ืืชืืจืชื ืืืืฆืืืชื ืืืืืชืื, ืืฉืจืื ืืฉืจ ืื ืืชืคืืจ. ืืืื ืื ืชืืฆืื ื ืืืจืืช ืฉื ืืืฉื ืขื ืืืื ืืืืชืจืื, ืืืืื ืืืื ืืื ืืืฉื ืื ืืื ืืื ืืจื ืฉืืืฆื ืืืชืจืื ืืืจืืช ืืืื, ืืืื ืืฉืชืขืืื ื ืืืดื ื ืคืฉ ืืืืฉ ืืืืฉื ืืืขืื ืืชืช ืืื ืืืฉืืื ืืคื ื ืืื ืืืื ืืืืืื ืืงืืืฉ ืืจืื ืืื, ืืชืจืขืื ืขืืื ืืืืืืื ืืงืื ืืืื ืืืืจ ืืฉืคื ื ืืจื ืฉื ืืฉ ืืืืื ืื ืขืืื ืื ืืื ืฉืื ื ืชืช ืืืื ืืืื ืืืื ืืืืืื ืขืืืจ ืืืืื ืืืืืื ืืืืจืืืืช ืฉื ืชื ืื ืชืืื, ืขืื ืงืืงืืช ืืช ืืชืจ ืืืื ืืืฉืืช ืืช ืืืจื ืืืืืช ืืช ืืืืื ืขื ืืื ืฉืขืจืืชืืื ืื ืืจืืขืืชืืื ืืืืณ ืฉืืื ืืืืืืช ืชืืื ืืฃ ืืขืช ืฉืืจื ืืขืื ืืืื ืืจืื ืื ืืื ืฉืื ืืืจื ืชืืจื.",
|
69 |
+
"ืืชืขื ืืชืืืจ ืืงืื ืืจ: ืืื ืขืื ืืดื ืืืฉืื , ืืขืื ืืื ืืกืืื ืืงืืงืื ืืื ืฉื ืืืชืจืื ืืงืืืฉืื ืืืื ืฉืืจื ืื ืืื ืืืจืืืช ื ืืื. ืืืืืื ืื ืืืชื ืืืืฉืคื, ืืืจืืื ืืช ืืฉืืช ืืืชืจืื ืฉืืืขืื ืฉื ืกืื ืขื ืืื ืฉื ืืื, ืืชืืื ืืืชื ืืื ืืจืขืื.",
|
70 |
+
"ืืืืืจื ืื: ืืชื ืืจืืช ืืช ืืืจืืืช ืืืื ืฉืืื ืกืืื ืืืืืช ืืช ืืืื ืืฉืืดืช ืืืชืจื.",
|
71 |
+
"ืืืขื ืืืืืจ: ืื, ืืื ืืื ืื ื ืขืืงืจ ืืกืืื, ืจืง ืืื ืืืฉืจ ืืฉืื ืื ืืื ืืฉืขืจืืชืื ืืืืจืืขืืชืื ืืืืณ ืืืืืืืช ืืขืช ืฉืืจืืชื ืืืื ืืจืื ืืื ืืืืขืชื ืื ืฉืืื ื ืืื ืืขืฉืืช ืื ืืื ืฉืืขื ืืืืจื.",
|
72 |
+
"ืืืขื ื ืืืื ืืืืืจื: ืื ืืืืช ืืืฉืฉ ืืืืช ืืืืื ืืฉืืดืช ืืื ืื ืืืื ืืืงืื ืืืจ ืื ืขื ืื ืคื ืื ืืืืืืจ ืคื ืื ืื ืืื ืืืืืืจ ืืืจืื. ืขื ืื ืขื ืฉื ืืื ืืืฉื ืขืื ืฉ ืืขืืื ืืชืืช ืืืืื ืฉืืืืชื ื ืืืืื ืื ืืืืชื ืขืืืืื ืืืณ ืืืืื, ืขืชื ืืฉื ื ืงืืื ืชืืจืฉื. ืืืชืคืฉืื ืืืืืื ืืืืจืื ืืืืจืืืื ืืืืื ืื ืืืืกืจื ืืืกืืจืื ืงืฉืื .",
|
73 |
+
"ืืชืขื ืืืฉื ืืงืื ืืื ืืชืืืจ ืืืขืื: ืืชื ืืื ืืืื ื ืืืืืจืืืช ืืื ืืฉืืืจ ืืื. ืืื ืื ืืืขืช ืืื ืืขืืื ืืขืืื ืืื ืฉืืืื ืฉืืืจืืืชืื ืืืชืืจืชื ื ืืจื ืืชืจ ืืืื ืืขืืืื, ืืืื ืื ืืืืืจ ืืคื ืฉืื ืืืื ืืื ืฉืื ืงืืงืื ืืืื ืื ืืืืืืขื ื ืืช ืืืื ืืขืื ืฉ ืฉืืฉ ืขืืืจ ืื ืืืืืืืจ ืืืชื ืชืืื ืืืืืจื ืืืืื, ืืขื ืืื ืื ืืื ืืื ืื ืื, ืื ืื, ืืื ืขืชื ืจืื ืื ืืจืืช ืื ืืื ืืืชื, ืืืืช ืขืื ืืช ืื ืืืืืืช ืืืืกืืจืื ืืงืฉืื ืืืื. ืืื ืื ืื ืืืื ืกืืคื.",
|
74 |
+
"ืืืขื ืืืขื ืืืืืจ ืืืืฉื: ืืื ืื ืืืื ืื ืคืฉื ืฉืืจืืช ืื ืื ืืฆืจืืช ืืืื ืืื ืื ืืืช ืืืฉืืช ืฉืืืืช ืืืฆืืง ืืชื, ืืื ืื ืืืจืชื ืื ืืื ืคืขืืื ืฉืื ืืกืืจ ืืืื ื, ืืืื ืื ืืขืฆืื ืืืืืจ ืืื ืืืืคื ืื ืฉืื ืืืื ืืฉืขืจืืช ืืืืืืช ืืืืจืืขืืช ืืืืืืืช ืื ืืืืชื ืืืชืงืฉื ืืคื ื ืืื ืืืืื ืืืจืื ืืืจืืชืืื ืืคืจืืฆืืช, ืืจืื ืื ืฉื ืคืืช ืืืืจ ืฉืืื ืืื ืื ืึดืคึผึทืึฐืชึผึฐ ืืื ืืืชื.",
|
75 |
+
"ืขื ืื ืืืื ืขืื ืื ืืจืืฉื ืืขืืื ืืืืื ืฉืืืืื ืชืืื ืืขื ืืื ืื ืืืืืืขื ื ืืช ืืืื ืืงืืงืื ืืฉืืื ืืขืฆืื ืชืฆืขืง ืืืกืืฃ ืืื ืืืืื ืขื ืืขื ืืื ืืื ืืืืืืื ืืืขืืื ืืืจืื ืืืงืฆืช ืืื ืฆื ืืืื ืืืื ืืขืชืืืด. ืขืืดื."
|
76 |
+
],
|
77 |
+
[
|
78 |
+
"<b>ืื ืืืืืจ ืืืื ืืืช ืืฆื ืืขืืช ืืฉืืจื ืขืืืจ ืื ืืขืืืดื ืืืขืืืดื, ืืืืืคื ืืดื ืืืืืืช ืืืจืื ืคืจืืฆืืช</b>",
|
79 |
+
"ืื ืฆืจืืื ืืืฉื ืืืชืืื ื ืชืืื, ืืคื ืื ืฉืืืืข ืืืฉืืืฉื ืืืืืช ืืืจืื ืืฆื ืืขืืช ืื ืืื ืืืื ืืืืืื ืื ืื ืฆืืืงืื, ืื ืื ืชืดื, ืืืืืจืื ืืขืืื ืืชืืจืชื ืืืฆืืงืชื. ืืืืืืชื ืืชืืืื ืืจืืฉืืื <small>(ืกืืืดืก ืืืจืืืช)</small> ืณืื ืืืืื ืืช ืืื ืคื ืืื ืืืฉืืฆืืช ืืื ืืืืฉืืณ, ืืฉื ืฆื ืืขื ืจืืืื ืืฆืืช ืืื ื ืืื ืื ืืืืืื ืืืืืืฉืื ืืฉืืฆืืช ืืื, ืืืืจื ืืืืืื ืืฃ ืืดื ืณืืฉืืจ ืฆื ืืขืืช ืฉืืืชื ืื ืืจืื ืืืชื ืฉืืฆื ืืื ื ืฉืืื ืืืฉืืจ ืฆื ืืขืืช ืฉืืืชื ืืฉืืื ืืื ืืืฆืื ืืื ื ืืกืชืจืณ ืขืืดืฉ, ืืขืืดื ืืืื ืื ืืขืืืดื, ืืื ืืืืจืืชื ืชืืื ืืืฉื ืืขืืื ืืขืืืื ืืืืื ืืณ ืืจืื ืืื ืืืืจ. ืืืืืืชื ืืืืืจ ืืงืืืฉ ืคืจืฉืช ืืืงืชื ืขื ืืคืกืืง ืณืืื ืืช ืืืื ืืืช ืืืืณ ืืงืื ืืฃ ืืืืจ ืืืชื, ืืื ืืืื ืืจื ืืืื ืืืืจื ืืืฉืืจ ืืชืืงื ืขืืืืื ืืืื ืืืงืืจ ืืืืื, ืืืงืืจ ืืื ืืืื ืขืืื ืืื ืื ื ื ืฉื, ืืืืงืืจ ืืื ืืืืื ืขืืื ืืื ืงืืดื, ืืงืืดื ืืืืก ืขืืื ืืืืชืื ืืื ืืืืจืกืื ืืืงืจืื. ืืจื ืืืืื ืืื ืื ืฆืืืงืืื ืืืืื ืืื ืื ืงืืืฉืื, ืืืืขืื ืงืืืฉืื, ืขืืืืื ืืืชืงืจื ืณืื ืจืืืืื ืืืืจืื ืื ืื ืืจืข ืืจื ืืด, ืขืืดื.",
|
80 |
+
"ืืืืืคื ืืดื ืื ืืื ืืืืืช ืืืจืื ืคืจืืฆืืช ืื ืชืื ืื ืื ืืฉืจ ืื ืืืืื, ืืืืื ืื ืขืดื ืื ืืืกืืฃ ืงืืื ืืืืื ืืขืืืดื ืืืื ืืืชืื ืณืืื ืืกืื ืชืืืช ืืืืณ, ืืื ืืขืืืดื ืืื ืืืืื ืืืื ืืืืื ืืืื ืืฉืืืฆื ืืื ืื ืืืขืืก ืืืงืืดื. ืืืื ืฉืืชื ืืืจืดื ืืืืจืชื ืณืขืืื ืืชืจืืคืืณ ืฉืืฃ ืื ืืืจืื ืชืืื ืื ื ืืืืกืจ ืืื ืืงืื ืืื ืืืืชื ืืืฉื ืืืฆืขืจ ืืืืืืื ืืขืืืดื. ืขื ืื ืฆืจืืื ืืืฉื ืืืจืืื ืขืฆืื ืืืืช ืืฆื ืืขืืช ืืืืื ืื ืขืืดื ืืื ืืืื.",
|
81 |
+
"ืืื ื ืืื ืื ื ืืื ืืืชืืื ื ืืื ืฆืจืืื ืืืฉื ืืืืืช ืืืืจื ืืขื ืื ืฉืขืจืืชืื ืื ืืจืืขืืชืื ืืืืื ืฉืื ืืจืื ืืืืฆื. ืื ืืืืืจ ืคืจืฉืช ื ืฉื ืืืืืจ ืืื ืฉืื ืืชืจืื ืฉืื ืฉืขืจ ืืืฉื, ืืืดื ืฉื ืืฃ ืงืืดื: ืณืืืจ ืจืื ืืืงืื, ืชืื ืื <small>(ืืื ืขื ืื ืฉืขืืื)</small> ืืืชื ืขื ืืืื ืืจ ื ืฉ, ืืฉืืง ืืื ืชืชืื ืืชืชืืื ืืฉืขืจื ืืจืืฉื ืืืจ, ืืื ืืื ืื ืืืื ืื ืฆื ืืขืืชื ืืืืชื, ืืืชืชื ืืืคืืงืช ืืฉืขืจื ืืจืืฉื ืืืจ ืืืชืชืงื ื ืืื, ืืจืื ืืกืื ืืชื ืืืืชื, ืืืจืื ืืื ืื ืืื ืืชืืฉืืื ืืืจื, ืืืจืื ืืื ืืืจื ืืฉืจืื ืืืืชื, ืืื ืืจืื ืื, ืืืื ืฉืขืจื ืืืชืืื ืืจืืฉื ืืืจ, ืืื ืืืืชื ืืื, ืื ืฉืื ืืฉืืงื, ืืื ืฉืื ืืฆืืคืืชื ืืืจื, ืืืืื ืื ืืฉืชื ืืืคื ืคืืจืื ืืืจืืชื ืืืชื... ืืืื ืื ืืขืื ืืชืชื ืืืคืืื ืืกืืจื ืืืืชื <small>(ืงืืจืืช ืืืืช)</small> ืื ืืืืื ืฉืขืจื ืื ืืจืืฉื, ืื ืฉืื ืืืจ... ืคืืง ืืื ืืื ืคืืืื ืืจืื ืืืื ืฉืขืจื ืืืชืชื, ืืจืื ืืขืืื, ืืจืื ืืชืชื, ืืจืื ืืืขืื ืืืชืืืืื, ืืจืื ืืกืื ืืชื, ืืจืื ืืื ืืืจื ืืืืชื, ืืจืื ืืืกืชืืง ืืฉืืืืชื ืืื ืื, ืจืืื ื ืืืฉืืืื ืืืฆืืคื ืืืืื. ืืขื ืื ืืขืื ืืชืชื ืืืชืืกืืื ืืืืืืชื ืืืืชื, ืืื ืขืืืช ืื, ืื ืืชืื <small>(ืชืืืื ืงืืดื ืืณ)</small> ืณืื ืื ืืฉืชืืื ืืืชืืืณ, ืื ืืืช ืื ืืื ืืกืชืืื ืืื ืืงืืืื ืื ืืชืืืืื ืืจืคืื, ืืชืืืจ ืืฉืชืื ืืื ืืฉืืืืช ืืชืืจ ืขื ืฉืืจ ืืืื ืื, ืื ืื ืื ืืกืชืืงืื ืืืฉืืื ืขื ืฉืืจ ืื ื ืขืืื. ืืื ืขืื ืืื ืืืขืื ืืชืืจื ืืืื, ืืืจืืื ืืืขืืื, ืืืจืืื ืืืชืชื, ืืขืืชืจื, ืืื ืื, ืืื ื ืื ืื, ืืื ืืื ืืืชืื <small>(ืฉื)</small> ืณืื ื ืื ืื ืืืืจื ืืืจ ืืจื ืืด."
|
82 |
+
],
|
83 |
+
[
|
84 |
+
"<b>ืื ืืืืืจ ืืฆืืช ืืื ืื ืื ืืื ืื ืืืื ืขื ืื ืื ื ืืืฆืื ืื ืืืขืื ืืืช ืืชืืจื</b>",
|
85 |
+
"ืืื ื ืืคื ืืืืืจ ืืขื ืืื ืืื ืืืจื ืืืื ืขื ืืืช ืจืดื ืืืืื ืชืงืืืช ืืืืืืช โ ืืื ืฆืจืื ืื ืืืฉ ืืืฉื ืืฉืืืจ ืขืฆืื ืืืจื ืืฆื ืืขืืช ืืื ืืืจื ืืช ืื ืืชืื ืฉืชืืืื ื ืืืจืืืืช ืืืืืืชื ืฉืื ืืืื ืืืจืื ืืคืจืืฆืืช ืืดื, ืืืื ืื ืฉืืขืืดื ื ืขืฉื ืืืื ืืงืืืืช ืืืืชืจ ืฉืขืืฉืื ืืชืื ืช ืืื ืืชืึพืืืื ืืื ืืื ืืืืื ืืื ืขืื ืคืืืื ืืฉ ืืื ืฉืืฉืืืื ืืื ืื ืฉืื ืืืื ืืจืืืจ ืขืืดื, ืืื ืืื ืืืืช ืืจืืืช ืืืืื ื ืขืฉืื ืขืืดื ืืขืช ืฉืืืจืืื ื ืืื. ืืืื ืืืืข ืฉื ืคืกืง ืืืืจื ืืืฉืืื ืขืจืื ืืืจื ืืืื ืืกืืื ืขืดื ืืืคื ืืืืื ืืืฉื ืืืงืื ืฉืืืจื ืืืืืช ืืืืกื ืืื ืืืื ืขืจืื, ืืืกืืจ ืืืืจ ืฉืื ืืืจ ืงืืืฉื ื ืืื. ืืืื ืืืืืง ืืื ืืชืืื ืื ืฉืืื ืืื ืืืชืจ ืืืชืืื ืจืง ืืืื ืืคืจืืขืช ืจืืฉ, ืืื ืืขื ืื ืฉืืจ ืืืจืื ืืืืืกืื ืืื ื ืดื ืืื. ืืืคืืื ืืืงืื ืฉืืจื ืื ืื ืฉืื ืืืืชืืืืช ืืืื ืืื ืืคืดื ืืื ืฉืื ืืืชืจ ืืขืฉืืช ืืื ืื ืืคืจืืฅ ืืจืข ืืื, ืืืื ืฉืืชืื ืื ืืคืืกืงืื , ืื ืืื ืฉืื ืืืืืง ืืขื ืื ืื ืฉืืกืืจ ืืืืจ ืฉืื ืืืจ ืงืืืฉื ื ืืื ืืื ืืืฉ ืืืจ ืฉืืื ื ืงืจืืื ืืืื ืืืื ืืืืื ืืื ืืื ืืื ืืื, ืืืืื ื ืฉืืคืืื ืืื ืืืืจ ืืืืจ ืืืจ ืงืืืฉื ื ืื ืืคื ืืืืืื ืฉื ืืชื ืืฉืืื ืืืช ืืดื ืืืืื .",
|
86 |
+
"ืืืฉืืจืืื ืืช ืื ืืชืื ืื ืขืจืืชื ืืืืืช ืืืจืื ืืฆื ืืขืืช ืื ืื ืชืืื ืื ืชืกืืจ ืืืจื ืืืื ืืืื, ืืืืื ืืจืืืช ืืื ื ืื ืื ืืืื ืื ืืืฉืืืื, ืืืื ืฉืืืื ื ืืืขืื ืืื ืืืืจื ืืืดื ืขืดื. ืืื ื ืขื ืื ืืฆื ืืขืืช ืจืคื ืืื ืืืืื ืืขืืดื ืฉืืืืื ืืงืืืืช ืืืืืื ืืืืื ืืืืจืื ืืืชืืืืช ืืืืื ืืื ืืืื ืืฉืขืจ ืืืื ืืืืกืืจืื ืืืงืืงืืืื ืืืืฆืืื ืืื, ืืื ืจืื ืืืืช ืืื ืฉืืข ืืืื ืืืืจืืช ืฉืืคื ืื ื ืื ืืืช ืคืจืืฆืืช ืฉืืื, ืื ืืคืืื ืื ืื ืืื ืืืื ืืืกืืจ ืืืฉ ืืื ืืจืืืจื ืขืืืจื ืงืฉืื ืืขืืืจื, ืืขืืืจ ืขื ืื ืฉืืืืดื ืขื ืื ืืืชืื ืณืื ืฉืืจืชื ืืื ืืืจ ืจืขืณ, ืืืื ืืืจ ืจืื ืคื ืืก ืื ืืืืจ ืืืืจื ืฉืื ืืืจืืจ ืืื ืืืื ืืืืื ืืืื ืืืืื ืืืืื, ืืขืื ืื ืืื ืืืืจ ืืื ืืืื ืืืืืข ืืืืืจื ืืืดื.",
|
87 |
+
"ืืืืื ืื ืื ืืฆืื ืฉืืืื ืืืฅ ืืขืืจ ืืืืื ืืืื ืืืื ืขืดื ืืืืื, ืืืืกืืจ ืืืื ืขื ืืขืจืืืช ืืื ืืื ืืดื ืืืกืืจ ืืืื ืืื, ืืืืื ืื ื ืืคื ืืืืช ืื ืขืจืืืช ืื ืื ืืืืงืช ื ืืืช. ืืืข ืขืื ืืืคืืื ืื ืืื ืขืชืืื ืืืืืช ืืฉืชื ืืืื ืฉืืื ืืืจ ืืชืืืช ืืชื ืืื ืืฃ ืื ืืงื ืืขืฆืื ืืืืื ืขืื, ืืืฃ ืื ืืื ืื ืื ืืืื ืืฉืจ <small>(ืขืืณ ืืจืืืช ืืดื:)</small>, ืขืืดืค ืืืืจ ืืืืชืืืื ืขืื ืฉืื ืืคื ื ืืื, ืื ืืื ืฉืื ืืื ืื ืฉืื ืืขื ืื ืื, ืืืื ืฉืื ืืืชืจ ืืื ืืืืช ืืชืืืช ืืชื ืืื ืืคืืื ืื ืืืชื ืืืืจื, ืืืดืฉ ืฉืืื ืืืืื ื ืื ืืดื ืฉืื ืืืื ืืืื, ืขืดื ืืืกืืจ ืืืื ืืืงืืื ืขืืื. ืืืดืฉ ืืืืืืง ืื ืืฉืืง ืื ืืชืืจื ืฉืขืดื ืื ืืืชืื ืณืื ืชืงืจืื ืืืืืช ืขืจืืืณ, ืืื ืฉืืชื ืืจืืืดื ืคืืดื ืืืืืืช ืืืกืืจื ืืืื: ืณืืืืืง ืื ืื ืฉืง ืืืช ืืื ืืขืจืืืช ืขืืืจ ืืืื ืืื ืชืงืจืื ืืืืืช ืขืจืืืณ, ืืืืงืืืื ืืื ืขืชืืืื ืืืชื ืืช ืืืื ืขืดื ืืขืืืดื, ืืื ืื ืืจืื ืืื ืืขืืืดื.",
|
88 |
+
"ืืืื ืืืืืื ืื ืืืฉ ืืืฉืืช ืขืฆืืช ืื ืคืฉื ืืืคืงื ืืขื ืื ืื ืขื ืื ืื ืืื ืืชืื ืฉืื ืืืื ืืืจื ืืจืข ืืื, ืืืขืจืื ืืคื ืืื ืชืืื ืืช ืืืื ืืขืืื ืฉืืฉ ืืื ืืืืื ืืืืืช ืฉืืืื ืืื ืืฉืืืื ืืืืจืื ืืื, ืืื ืืืงืฉ ืจืืืื ืชืืื ืืืฉืดื ืขืืืื ืฉืื ืืืื ืืืื ืขืืืจื ืืืืจ ืืืืขืจ, ืืืืืื ืืขืืจืื ืืณ ืืืงืื ืชืคืืชื. ืืืืืืชื ืืชื ื ืืื ืืืืื, ืืขืฉื ืืืื ืืื ืฉืืื ืืจื ืฉืืื ืืกืชืจ, ืืื ืืขืฉืื ืืืืืื ืฉืืื ืขืืฉื ืืื ืขืืฉื ืืกืชืจ, ืืืื ืื ืขืฉืจื ืื ืื ืืืฉื ืืืช, ืฉืฉื ืืืจืื ืืืจืืข ื ืงืืืช, ืืืื ืืื ืืืื ืืื ืืชืคืื ืืืฉืชืื ืืืืง๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ ืจืืืื ืืืืื ืืืฉืื ื ืขืคืจ ืืื ืฉืื ืืื ืืื ืืื ืืืื ืขืืืจื ืืืืื ืืืจ ืืืืขืจ. ืืืืจื ืื ืืฆืชื ืืืชื ืฉื ื ืืื ืฉื ืืช ืืื ืฉืืืฉืืช ืขื ืฉืื ืขืืจื ืืืขืื ืืงืืืฉ ืืจืื ืืื ืขื ืืื ืืช ืืฉืจืื ืืืื ืืืืชื ืืืื ืขืืื, ืืื ื ืื ืก ืืืื ืืืื ืืขืืืื ืขื ืฉืจืื ืืื ืื ืืืืืื ืืคืจืื ืืืื ื ืืื ืื ืืืื ื ืื ืื ืขื ืืืฉืื ืฉื ื ืืืืจ ืื ื ืื ืก ืืืชื ืืืื ืืืืช ืขืืืื, ืขืืื ืืืชืื ืืืืจ <small>(ืชืืืื ืื)</small> ืณืืื ืืืณ ืืขืฉื ืืื ืืืืณ. ืืืชืขื ื ืขื ืืณ ืืืชื ืื ืืฉืืืืช ืืื ืืืืณ. ืืืชืื ืณืืืื ืืืณ ืขืื ืขืืณ ืฉืฉื ื ืขืืืืืช ืฉืื, ืฉื ืืืจ ืณืื ืืงืณื ืืณ ืฆืืจ ืขืืืืืืณ, ืขืดืฉ. ืืืืืื ื ืฉืื ืฉืืฉืชืื ืืืณ ืืืฉืืื ืื ืืืืื ื ืขืืื ืืืืงืฉ ืจืืืื ืฉืืืื ืื ืื ืืืืืื ืืืจื ืืชืืจื ืืืืจืื ืืงืืดื ืขืืืจื ืฉืืืื ืื ืืื ืื ืืืื ืืืืืื ืืขืืืดื ืืืื ืฉืืจื ืืืืื ืืฆืคืื ืื ืืขืืืดื:"
|
89 |
+
]
|
90 |
+
],
|
91 |
+
"Epilogue": [
|
92 |
+
"ืืืข ืขืื ืืื ืฉื ืชืคืจืฅ ืืืืื ืืงืืืืช ืืืืื ืฉืืืืืจืื ืืจืงืืื ืขื ืืืชืืืืช ืขื ืืืชืื ืืช โ ืขืืื ืคืืืื ืืื ืืขืืืจืื ืืื ืขื ืืื ืืืื ืืืกืืจืื. ืืืืจ ืืืจื ืืืดื ืณืืืกืชืื ืืืฉื ืืคืืื ืืืฆืืข ืงืื ื ืฉื ืืฉื ืืืื ืฉืืกืชืื ืื ืืื ืืืื ืืช ืืคืืื ืืฉ ืืืื ืชืืจื ืืืขืฉืื ืืืืื ืื ืื ืงื ืืืื ื ืฉื ืืืื ืืืณ. ืืืื ืืคืืื ืืืกืชืืืืช ืืขืืื, ืืืดืฉ ืืื ืฉืืื ืืจืงื ืขืื ืืขืืืจ ืขื ืื ืืื ืืืชืื ืณืืื ืชืชืืจื ืืืจื ืืืืื ืืืืจื ืขืื ืืืืณ, ืืื ืขื ืื ืืืชืื ืณืื ืฉืืจืช ืืื ืืืจ ืจืขืณ, ืืืืืดื ืฉืืื ืืืืจื ืฉืื ืืืจืืจ ืืื ืืืื ืืืืื ืืืื ืืืืื ืืืืื, ืืจื ืืืคืืื ืืจืืืจ ืืขืืื ืฉืืื ืฉืื ืืืืื ืืกืจื ืืชืืจื ืืื ืฉืื ืืืื ืืืื ืืืืื, ืืืดืฉ ืืื ืฉืืื ืขืืฉื ืืขืฉื ืืคืจืืกืื ืืืืื ืขืฆืื ืืืื ืืจืืืจ ืืืืื ืืกืชืืืืช ืืื ืืืืื ืืืื ืืืืื ืืืืื ืืดื ืืืกืืฃ, ืืขื ืืืื ืืฆืื ืฉืขืืืจ ืขืดื ืืจืืงืื ืื ืขื ืืืื ืืณืื ืชืงืจืื ืืืืืช ืขืจืืืณ, ืืืคื ืื ืฉืืืืข ืฉืืชืื ืืคืืกืงืื ืืืืชืืืืช ืืืื ืืืื ื ืืืช ืื ืืฉืืืืขื ืืืื ืืกืช ืืืืื ืขืจืืืช ืื, ืืืคืขืืื ืืืืงืื ืืื ืฉืงืื ืืืฉ ืืช ืจืขืื ืืขืช ืืจืืงืื ืฉืืืฆืืดืจ ืืืขืจ ืืงืจืื ืืขืืืจ ืืื ืขื ืืื ืื ืืืื ืฉืืชืื ื ืืคืดื ืืฉื ืืจืืืดื, ืืขืื ืคืืืื ืืื ืืื. ืืืื ืืืืืืจืืืื ืืขืจืืืช ืฉืฆืจืื ืืืืจื ืืื ืืขืืืจ ืขืดื ืืคืืื ืื ืืื ืืืคืื ืืืชื ืขืดื, ืืืื ืืืืื ืืืื ืืืขืืฉืื ืื ืืฉืืึพื ืคืฉ. ืืืคืืื ืื ืืื ืขืชืืื ืืืืืช ืืฉืชื ืืืื ืฉืืื ืืืจ ืืชืืืช ืืชื ืืื ืืดื ืืกืืจ ืืื ืืืืจืื ืื ืดื, ืืืื ืฉืื ืืืชืจ ืืื ืืืืช ืฉื ืชืงืฉืจ ืขืื ืืชื ืืื.",
|
93 |
+
"ืื ืืืื ืืืื ืืขื ืื ืืจืข ืืื ืฉื ืืชืงืจืืืช ืืืืื ืืืื ืืืกืืจืื ืืืืืื ืฉื ืขืื ืืจืช ืจืณืืืืื ื, ืืืืจ ืืืืดื ืื ืืืจ ืณืกืืืจ ืกืืืจ ืืืจืื ืื ืชืงืจืืณ.",
|
94 |
+
"ืืืืชื ืืกืคืจ ืืกืืืื ืกืืื ืงืกืดื ืืืดื: ืื ืชืขืจื ืื ืื ืืื ืืช ืคื ืืืืื, ืืืืืชืื ืณืื ืชืฉืื ืืชืืื ืืืืืืณ, ืืืืื ื ืืืื ืืื ืณืืืืจืื ืืืงื ืื ืืืืืณ, ืืื ืืกืืฃ ืกืคืจ ืชืืืื ืณืืืืจืื ืืื ืืชืืืืชืณ, ืืื ืืืจ ืณืืืืจืื ืขื ืืชืืืืชืณ ืืื ืฉืืืจ ืณืืงื ืื ืขื ื ืขืจืืืณ. ืืืขืฉื ืืืื ืฉืืื ืจืืื ืืืืื ืืืืื, ืืืืื ื ืืืจืืช ืืืืชื ืืืื, ืืืื ืจืืื ืืืืืจ, ืืืื ืจืืื ืึทืึดื ืืืื ืืขืืืืช ืืืืืืช, ืืขื ืืขืืืืช ืืืฉืืื ืื ื ืืื ืืืืืฉืืื ืืขืืืืช ืื ื ืืื, ืืชืื ืื ืืื ืขืืฉืื, ืืฉื ืชืงืจื ืืฆืื ืืืืจ ืืงืฆืชื ืฉืืืจ ืืชื, ืืืจ ืืื ืื ืื ืฉืืชื ืืืฉืืื ืื ืืืืื ืืขืืืืช ืืืงืฆืชืื ืขื ืืขืืืืช, ืืืจื ืื ืืฉืืื ืขืืื ืื ื ืฉืืฉืืืื ื ืืืื ืืืืชื ืขืืื ืืืื ื ืืฉืืงืื ืขื ื ืฉืื ืืืชืืืืช, ืืขืชื ืื ื ืืืฉืืื ืืขืืื ืขื ืฉืื ืื ืื ื ืขืืืคืื ืืืืขืื ืฉืื ื ืืื ืื ืืื ืืืชืจ, ืืื ืืืจืืื ืืืชื ืฉืขื ืืขืืื ืืื ื ืขืืืื ืื ืืื ืื ืืืืื ืืืชื ื ืขื ืฉืืืขืื ืืขืืืคืื ืืืืดื ืื ืขืืืื ืื ืืื. ืืืื ืฉื ืืืจ ืณืื ื ื ืืขืืง ืชืืชืืื ืืืฉืจ ืชืขืืง ืืขืืืืณ, ืืืชืื ืณืืื ืืืฉืื ืืขืืื ืืืืื ืืฉืื ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝืืขืืืช ืืขืืื ืืืืืณ, . ืืืืฉืจืื ืืืื ืืช ืืืืืืืื ืืื ืืื ืืช ืืืืื ืืืขืืื, ืฉื ืืืจ ืณื ืืฉื ืืืืืืช ื ืืืืณ, ืืืชืื ืืชืจืื ืณืึทืึดืจึฐืึผืึผ ืื ืืฉืจืื ืืืงืจืณ. , ืืื ืฉืขืืฉื ืืขืฉื ืืืื ืืืืื ืืฉ ืื ืืขืืื ืืืืชื ืขืืื ืืืืื, ืขืืดื ืกืคืจ ืืกืืืื. ืืขืดื ืฆืจืื ืืืื ืืืืืจ ืืื ืืื ืืื:",
|
95 |
+
"ืืืชื ืืืื ืืืืคืฅ ืืืื ืืฆืดื ืืืืจ ืืืื ืืืืื ืืชืงื ืืช ืืคืจืฆื ืืฆื ืืขืืช ืืืืืฉื ื ืฉืื",
|
96 |
+
"ืืขืืืดื, ืจืดื ืชืืื, ืชืจืคืดื, ืจืืืื.<br>ืื ืืืื ืืจืื ืื ืืืืืืืจืืดื ืื ืืื ืืชืจ ืืืชืจ.<br>ืืืื ืืฉ ืืืื ืืชืงื ืืืจ ืื, ืืืื ืฉืืจื ืจื ืืืณ.",
|
97 |
+
"ืื ื ืืฉ ืื ืฆืขืจ ืืืื ืืคื ื ืขืฆื ืืขื ืื ืืื ืืชืืืืช ืจืืื, ืืฃ ืฉืืืื ืืืืื ืื ืฉืื ืื ืฉืืชืืืื ืืืื ืืื ืืืื ืืื ืืืืื, ืืื ืืื ืืืช ืืงืืดื, ืืดื ืื ืืื ืขืืื ืืืฉืชืืื ืืคืื ืืื ืืขืื ืื ืืคื ื ืื ื ืฉืชื ื ืืขืชืื ืืดื ืืจืขื, ืืื ืืืื ืื ืฉืื ืืฉืจืื ืืื ืืงืื ืคืืืจืืื ืืื ืืขืืื ืืืื ื ืขืฉื ืืฉืืขืืืื, ืืืืืงืจ ืืืื ืืืืื ืืืื ืืืื, ืืืืกืื ืืืืจืืื ืืืช ืืดื ืืชืืืืื ืืื, ืขื ืืืื ืขืื ืืืืืจืืช ืฉื ืกืืื ืขื ืืชืืจื ืืืฆืืชืื ื ืืจื ืืื, ืฉืืชืื ืืงืืช ืฉื ืืืช ืจืื ืืืืื ืืืืืช ืขืืืจืืช, ืื ืืฆื ืืคืจื ืกื ืืื ืืงืื ืืื ืจืข ืืื. ืืื ืืืืจ ืขื ืืฉืจืื ืืืืืื ืืืชืืื ื ืื ืื ืืื ืืืื ืขื ืจืืข ืืฆืื.",
|
98 |
+
"ืืื ื ืืฉื ืื ืฉืืคื ืื ื ืืฃ ืฉืืื ืืดื ืืฆืืืืช ืฆืจืืช ืืืืืจืืช, ืืดื ืื ืฉืืื ืืืื ืชืืืื ืื ืืื ืืืื ืืืชื ืื ืื ืคืฉื ืืืืืจ, ืืื ืฉืืขื ืื ืื ืืืืฆืื ืื ืืื ื ืืชื ืื ืืจืฆืื ื, ืืื ืืขื ืื ื ืื ืคืฉ ืืื ืืืื ืฉืืื ื ืืจืืืง ืืืงืืดื, ืืืืืื ืืขืืื ืืงืืดื ืืืกืืฃ ืืืืื ื, ืืืืดืฉ ืื ืืขืืื ืืืืื ืืืืื ืืืืฉืืข ืืฉืืคืื ื ืคืฉื, ืืื ืืืืื ืืขืืืดืจ ืืจ ืื ื ืืื ืืื ืฆื, ืื ืืฉืืื ืืืื ืืขืฆืื ืืขื ืื ื ืขืืืดื ืืื ืื ืืื ืฉืืื ืงืืืชื ืืจืืื ืืืืืจื, ืืืฉืืื ืืชืืื ื ืืืืจืืชื ืืขื ืื ื ืชืืจื ืืืฆืืช ืืดื ืืื ืื ืฉืื ืืฆืืื, ืืืื ืฉืื ืืื ืืืฉืจืื ืืืงืฉ ืืืงืืดื ืฉืืฉืืข ืืืงืฉืืชืื ืืืืืื ืื ืืจืฆืื ื ืืื ืฉืืืข ืื, ืืื ืืืจ ืืื.",
|
99 |
+
"ืืืืจืชื ืฉืขืืงืจ ืกืืืช ืืืืจ ืฉืื ื ืืจืืืงืื ืืขืฆืื ื ืืช ืืงืืดื ืืืชื ื. ืืื ืฆืื ืื ื ืณืืืชืงืืฉืชื ืืืืืชื ืงืืืฉืืืณ, ืืืืืดื ืื ืืืงืืฉ ืขืฆืื ืืืืื ืืงืืฉืื ืืืชื ืืืืขืื, ืืขื ืืงืืฉืื ืืืชื ืืจืื, ืืขืืืดื ืืงืืฉืื ืืืชื ืืขืืืดื. ืืืชืื ืืืจ ืืืืจ ืณืื ืืณ ืืืงืื ืืชืืื ืืงืจื ืืื ืื ืืืฆืืื ืืืืณ <small>(ืืืืืืจ ืณืืืฆืืืืณ ืืืื ืืจืื ืขื ืื ืื ืืืฆืืื ืื ืืืจื ืืื ืืจืขื ืืื ืืฉืื ืืื ืืืืื)</small> ืณืืืื ืืื ืื ืงืืืฉ ืืื ืืจืื ืื ืขืจืืช ืืืจ ืืฉื ืืืืจืืืณ. ืืจื ืืืืจ ืื ื ืืืชืื ืืคืืจืฉ, ืฉืืืฉืจ ื ืืื ืงืืืฉืื ืืื ืืชืืื ืืื ืื ื ืืืฆืืื ื ืืื ืจืข, ืืื ืื ืืจืื ืื ื ืขืจืืช ืืืจ ืืื ืฉื ืืืืจืื ื, ืืืืืื ืืืืื ืขืืื ื ืื ืืกืืืืช ืืดื.",
|
100 |
+
"ืืื ื ืืืืดื <small>(ืืจืืืช ืืดื)</small> ืืคื ืืืฉื ืืืงืื ืฉืืืจื ืืืืืช ืืืืกื ืืื ืืืื ืขืจืื. ืืืืืื ืืขืืืดืจ ื ืชืคืจืฅ ืืืืจ ืืื ืืื, ืืืืฆืืดืจ ืืคืชื ืื ืฉืื ืืืื ืคืจืืขื ืจืืฉ ืืื ืฉืื ืืืกืื, ืืื ืืืื ืืืจืืขืืช ืืืืืืช ืืืืืงืืชืืื ืขืฉืืืืช ืืื ืืชื ืืจืืขืืช, ืืขืื ืืืง ืืืื ืืืืืฉืืื ืื ืื ืืื ืืืืดื ืืื ืืืืื ืืื ืฉืืื ืืงืื ืฉืืืื ืฉื ืืืืฉ ืืืื ื ืื ืืขืจืื. ืืืืืื ืื ืืืจืืืช ืฉืืืจื ืืืืฉ ืืืืชื ืื ืืฉืืื ืืชืคืื ืืืืชื ื ืื ืืฉืชื ืื ืืชื ืืืืืื ืื ืื ืื ืขืจืื. ืืืืืข ืฉืืื ืืจืื ืืฉ ืื ืฉื ืืงืืืฉ, ืืืดื ืืฉื ืฉืืืืจื ืืืืื ืืืฉืื ืขื ืขืฆืื ืืจืื, ืืืดืฉ ืืื ืืืงืื ืืฉืจ ืืืืืจ ืืช ืฉืื ืืืื ืืืื ืืืจืืชืื, ืื ืืืืจ ืืืืคื ืืดื, ืื ืืืจื ื ืื ืืขืจืื ืืืฉืื ืืดื ืขื ืืืช ืขื ืขืฆืื, ืืืืืชื ืื ืืจืื <small>(ื:)</small> ืืื ืืงืื ืฉืืืืจืช ืืฉื <small>(ืฉืื ืืืืื)</small> ืืฆืืื ืฉื ืขื ืืืช ืืฆืืื <small>(ืืขืืืดืฉ ืืจืดื ืืจืืดืฉ)</small>.",
|
101 |
+
"ืืื ื ืืืืข ืืกืืฃ ืืืื ืืฃ ืื ืืืื ืืืฃ ืฉื ืื ืืื ืืืืจื ืืืฉืื ื ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝืืชื ืื ืืืืงืื ืืืชืช ืืื ืืืฉืืื ืขื ืืขืฉืื ืืขื ืืืืจืื, ืืืื ืืืฆืื ืืืคื ืืืคืื ืืจืืืช ืืฉืืืช ืืงืืืฉืื ืฉืื ืืื ืขืืืื ืงืืืฉื ืืื ืขืื ืืืขืื ืืื, ืืขื ืืื ืืชืืขื ืืื ื ืืฉืขืช ืืืื. ืืืืืื ืืื ืืฆืื ื ืืืืดื ืขื ืืคืกืืง ืณืืืืื ืืืื ืื ืฉืืืืณ, ืืคืืณ ืฉืืื ืงืื ืืืืืื ืื ืืืื ืืฉืขืช ืืืื. ืืื ืืืืจ ืืดืืืืขืด ืืืจืืขื ืืื ืืืืื ืืืื ืืืื ืืจืืืจืื ืจืขืื, ืืืคืขืืื ืื ืืืดื ืืดื <small>(ืืืกืื ืืื ืื ืื ืืงืื ืื, ืืืฉืดื ืืืณ ืืขืืดืฅ ืืกืืืืจื)</small>, ืืืืขื ืขืดื ืืดืืืืขืด ืืืจืืขื ืืื ืืืืืื ืืืืื ืืืืจื ืฉื ืืงืืดื, ืฉืืืจ ืดืืืื ืืื ืื ืงืืืฉ ืืื ืืจืื ืื ืขืจืืช ืืืจืด.",
|
102 |
+
"ืืื ื ืืืืข ืืื, ืืฉืคืจืฆื ืชืืขืจื ืืืจื ืืืื ืืืืื ืืืื ืืื, ืืืจืื ืืืฆื ืืืืืื ืืืื ืืื ืฉื ืืขืืจ: ืืชืืืงื, ืืชืืืงื ืืืืื ืืืืืช ืืืฉ ืืืืื ืขืฆื ืฉืชืืืื, ืื ืืจื ืืืื ืืืขืจ ืืืฉ, ืืื ืชืชืขืฆืื ืืืืจ ืชืืขื ืื ืื ืคืฉืื ืืื ืืดื, ืืืืจืืื ืชืงืจืื, ืื ืืื ืื ืืืฉืฉืื ืืืืืื. ืืื ืชืชืืืงื ืืจืืื ืืชืืื ืืืฉ ืืงืื ืื ืืื ืฉืืจื ืืจืื ืืืื ืืคื ืขืจื ืืชืืืงืืชื. ืื ืืืืจ ืืขื ืื ื ื, ืื ืื ื ืืืืข ืฉืื ืืฉืจืื ื ืงืจืืื ืืจื ืืณ, ืืืดืฉ ืื ืืจื ืืณ ืฆืืงืืช ืืืช ืืฉืจืื <small>(ืืฉืขืืื ืืณ)</small>, ืืืขืืืดืจ ืชืืขืจื ืืืืื ื ืคืื ืืืจืื ืืืื ืืงืืืืช ืขืดื ืืดืืืืขืด ืืืจืืขื ืืื, ืื ืืชืืืจ ืื ืืืืืื ืืื ืขืืดื, ืืืืืจื ืืดื ืขื ืืคืกืืง ืดืื ืฉืืจืช ืืื ืืืจ ืจืขืด, ืืืืจื ืฉืื ืืืจืืจ ืืื ืืืื ืืืื ืืืื ืืืืื ืืืืื, ืืืืืื ื ืคืกืงื ืืืฉืคืขื ืืืืจืื ืืื ืืืดื ืืขืกืงืื, ืื ืกืืื ืขืืดื ืื ืืฆืจืืช ืืจืขืืช ืืืดืฉ ืืกืืดืง .",
|
103 |
+
"ืขืดื ืืืื ืืืื ืขื ืื ืืืฉ ืืืืฉ ืืืืืช ืืช ืืืฉ ืื ืืจื ืืื ืืืชืงื ืืืืชื ืฉืืืื ืืื ืขืฉืื ืืืื, ืืื ืืชื ืืื ืืคืจืืฆืืช ืืดื, ืืืืื ืขืืืจ ืื ืืฆืืช ืืื ื ืื ืื ืืฉืจืื ืืงืืืฉื ืขืืืื. ืืืืืชืจ ืืืื ืขื ืืจืื ืื ืืขื ืื ืืืจืืื ืืืืจ ืื ืฉืืื ืขืืจ ืืขืืจ ืืืจืืฉ ืืจืืื ืืืืื ืืขื ืื ืืื ืื ืืืข ืืงืืืื ื ืืืืฆืืืชื ื ืืืืฃ ืืื ืคืฉ ืืื ืืืื, ืืืชืงืืื ืืื ืืืืจ ืืืชืื ืดืืืื ืืื ืื ืงืืืฉืด.",
|
104 |
+
"ืืืจื ืืืืชื ืืืืื ืืณ ืืชืืจืชื<br>ืืืืฆืจ ืืฆืจืช ืขืื ืืฉืจืื,<br>ืืืฆืคื ืืืืืื ืืืดื<br>ืืฉืจืื ืืืืจ ืืดืจ ืืจืื ืืื ืืืื",
|
105 |
+
"ืืขืจื: ืืื ื ืืฃ ืฉืื ื ืฆืืขืงืื ืณืื ืชืฉืืืื ื ืืืคื ืื ืืจืื ืงืืฉื ืื ืชืงื ืืื ืืณ, ืืฉืื ืืชืืื ืืืืื ืืืฉืจืื ืื ืงืืืฉืชื. ืืื ืขืฉื, ืืืืจื ืืฆืจื ืืชืืื ืื ืคืฉื ืฉืืืื ืืคืจืืฆืืช ืืื ืฉืืื ืืงืื ืฉืืืื ืฉื ืืืื ืืืืณ ืื ืื ืขืจืื, ืืื ืืืณ ืขืฆืช ืืืขื ืืจืฉืข ืฉืืกืืช ืืช ืื ืืช ืืืื ืืืื ืคืจืืฆืืช ืืื ืืืืืื ืืช ืืฉืจืื, ืืืื ืฉืืืืดื <small>(ืืืืจืืช ืืฃ ืืณ)</small> ืขื ืืคืกืืง ืดืืชืงืจืื ื ืืขื ืืืืื ืืืืืืืด ืขืจืืืืช ืคืืขื ืืื, ืืืืชืื ืฆืืื ืืืืืจ ืดืืืืณ ืืื ืื ืงืืืฉ, ืืื ืืจืื ืื ืขืจืืช ืืืจืด. ืืจื ืฉืชืื ืืืชืื ืงืืืฉืชื ื ืืื ืืขื ืื, ืืื ืฉืืื ืฆืจืื ืืืฆืืดืจ ืืืคื ืื ืืขืืื ืืื ืฉื ืื ืืชืืื ืืืื ืืขืืฉื ืืืช ืืืื ืงืฆืจ. ืืื ื ืืฃ ืฉืืื ืื ื ืืืืจืื ืืืืื ืฉืชืืืื ื ืืืฉืืืชืื ื ืืืืช ืืืืืจืืช, ืขืืดืค ืืืืณ ืืืื ืืืืจ ืืื ืฉืื ืืืืื ืืช ืขืฆืื ืืืชืืืื ืืืื ืืจืืืจืื, ืืืืจ ืืืืดื ืื ืืืืื ืขืฆืื ืืืื ืืจืืืจืื ืืื ืืื ืืกืื ืืืชื ืืืืืฆืชื ืฉื ืืงืืดื โ ืขืืดื ืืืืื ืื ืืืฉ ืืชืงื ืืืืชื ืฉืื ืืืื ืืดื ืืืจืืขืืช ืืืืืืช, ืืื ืื ืืืืฉืืื ืืืื ืขืฉืืืืช ืืืื, ืืื ืฉืื ืืืื ืขืฆืื ืืืื ืืจืืืจ. ืืืฃ ืื ืืืขืื ืขืืื ืื ืืืืฉ ืืื. ืืืืจ ืืืืดื ืืืื ืื ืืืื ืืืงืจื ืฉืืื ืื ืืืื, ืืื ืืืื ืจืฉืข ืฉืขื ืืืช ืืคื ื ืืืงืื ืืืืืืช ืื ืืชื ืืณ ืื ืืืืืช ืื ืื ืชืดื."
|
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+
]
|
107 |
+
},
|
108 |
+
"versions": [
|
109 |
+
[
|
110 |
+
"Warsaw, 1892",
|
111 |
+
"https://www.nli.org.il/he/books/NNL_ALEPH001960725/NLI"
|
112 |
+
]
|
113 |
+
],
|
114 |
+
"heTitle": "ืืืจ ืขืืื",
|
115 |
+
"categories": [
|
116 |
+
"Halakhah",
|
117 |
+
"Acharonim"
|
118 |
+
],
|
119 |
+
"schema": {
|
120 |
+
"heTitle": "ืืืจ ืขืืื",
|
121 |
+
"enTitle": "Geder Olam",
|
122 |
+
"key": "Geder Olam",
|
123 |
+
"nodes": [
|
124 |
+
{
|
125 |
+
"heTitle": "ืฉืขืจ",
|
126 |
+
"enTitle": "Title Page"
|
127 |
+
},
|
128 |
+
{
|
129 |
+
"heTitle": "ืืงืืื",
|
130 |
+
"enTitle": "Introduction"
|
131 |
+
},
|
132 |
+
{
|
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+
"heTitle": "",
|
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+
"enTitle": ""
|
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+
},
|
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+
{
|
137 |
+
"heTitle": "ืืชืืืช ืืกืคืจ",
|
138 |
+
"enTitle": "Epilogue"
|
139 |
+
}
|
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+
]
|
141 |
+
}
|
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+
}
|
json/Halakhah/Acharonim/Gevurat Anashim/Hebrew/Gevurat Anashim, Warsaw, 1879.json
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json/Halakhah/Acharonim/Gevurat Anashim/Hebrew/merged.json
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json/Halakhah/Acharonim/Keset HaSofer/English/Keset HaSofer, trans. Jen Taylor Friedman.json
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{
|
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+
"language": "en",
|
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+
"title": "Keset HaSofer",
|
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+
"versionSource": "http://www.hasoferet.com",
|
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+
"versionTitle": "Keset HaSofer, trans. Jen Taylor Friedman",
|
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+
"actualLanguage": "en",
|
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+
"languageFamilyName": "english",
|
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+
"isBaseText": false,
|
9 |
+
"isSource": false,
|
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+
"direction": "ltr",
|
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+
"heTitle": "ืงืกืช ืืกืืคืจ",
|
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+
"categories": [
|
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+
"Halakhah",
|
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+
"Acharonim"
|
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+
],
|
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+
"text": [
|
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[
|
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+
"It is taught in a baraita (Eruvin 13a): Rabbi Meir said, when I came to Rabbi Ishmael, he said to me โMy son, what is your trade?โ I said to him โI am a scribe.โ He said to me โMy son, be meticulous in your work, for it is the work of heaven, and if you should omit a single letter or add a single letter, you destroy the entire world.โ From this we may see that a scribe must be in extreme awe of God, for if he makes one error or fails to make one necessary correction, his soul will perish, because he steals from the masses and causes them to sin โ they remain in a state of not performing commandments, and every day make blessings in vain. Of him it is written โOne sinner destroys much goodโ (Kohelet 9:18), and โCursed is he who does Godโs work deceitfullyโ (Jeremiah 48:10). Therefore, those who have the power to appoint scribes should appoint worthy scribes, men of truth who hate bribes and know Torah, fear God and tremble at his words, just as we appoint kosher butchers. All who write tefillin as good and fit as they possibly can will have their reward doubled and doubled again, and will be saved from the judgement of Gehinnom. (From the laws of writing tefillin by Rโ Avraham Mazinsheim and in the Levush.)",
|
19 |
+
" Sifrei Torah, tefillin and mezuzot which were written by a heresiarch are burned. If they were written by a non-Jew, one who rejects the commandments (see the H.M. sec. 488), a woman, a deaf-mute, one mentally impaired, or a minor โ they are invalid, and are buried, as it says โBind themโฆwrite themโฆโ; the explanation is that all who are enjoined in binding are enjoined in writing, and all who are not enjoined in binding (not commanded or not believed to be performing it reliably) are not enjoined in writing. Since we learn this from the Torah itself, we require that only one who has definitely reached adulthood, that is, has produced two hairs and is past thirteen years of age (Magen Avraham, and see Noda be-Yehudah tinyana sec. 1 and the responsa Keter Kehunah sec. 1), but one who is only presumed to be an adult is invalid to write until he has come of age, or has attained twenty years of age without becoming pubescent.",
|
20 |
+
" Anyone who is invalid to write is invalid for all aspects of their manufacture (see 21:2), and scribes and artisans must take great care that no part of the work is done by women or children.",
|
21 |
+
"There are those who say that a sefer Torah written by a mamzer is invalid.",
|
22 |
+
"If one found a sefer Torah in the possession of a heresiarch, and it was not known who wrote it, it is buried. If it was in the possession of an idol-worshipper, some say it is valid and some say it should also be buried. However, if idol-worshippers are presumed to pillage the books of the Jews, we assume it originated with a Jew and is valid. So too in places where idol-worshippers donโt know how to write: we assume that they were plundered. Tefillin in the possession of an idol-worshipper are valid.",
|
23 |
+
"One should not buy sifrei Torah, tefillin and mezuzot from idol-worshippers for more than their value, so as not to encourage their theft. One is, however, obliged to purchase them for their fair value (even if they require burial), and if the idol-worshipper wants a large price, one must bargain with him and offer him a fair price. If he wonโt bring his price down, they remain with him (Taz). One must not give him the impression that they are worth significantly less than their true value, lest he tire of them and throw them away."
|
24 |
+
],
|
25 |
+
[
|
26 |
+
"It is written โIn order that Godโs Torah shall be in your mouthโ (Exod. 13:9), and we explain that one may only write sifrei Torah, tefillin and mezuzot on skins from ritually pure animals and birds (hairs and sinews are also only fit if they come from these species) which are permitted for food. They are fit even if they werenโt killed in a ritually acceptable manner, and even if they were perforated or mutilated, because when we say โpermitted for foodโ we mean in terms of the species, to exclude the various kinds of ritually impure species. Although fish-skin is ritually pure, we donโt write on it, because of the filth, which does not come away during processing. The skin of an embryo counts as skin for this purpose, and we may write sifrei Torah, tefillin and mezuzot on it. This is the best kind of skin. After that, bird skin, and after that the skin of wild animals, the skin of domesticated beasts, and animals which died naturally.",
|
27 |
+
"The skins must be processed lishmah; that is, when one places them in the lime, which is the start of the process, he says โI am processing these skins for the sake of a sefer Torah (see below, para. 4), and to this end I am putting these skins in lime,โ and immediately places the skins into the lime. Since the start of the process was performed lishmah, all the other parts of the processing, like the splitting and the scraping, follow after it. Even so, it is proper to repeat, at each subsequent stage, that he is doing it lishmah (Benei Yonah), and he should also say it right at the beginning when he puts the skins into water, to soften them and make them fit for processing [conceptually this is the beginning of the process, although halakhically it doesnโt start until they are put into the lime]. Post facto, none of these are absolutely essential, if the beginning of the process was performed lishmah. However, if the processing was not started lishmah (the putting into the lime), finishing it lishmah does not make them permitted for use. (Melekhet ha-Shamayim, in the name of a few posekim, but not like the Taz).",
|
28 |
+
"Some say that he must actually verbalise his intent to process the skins lishmah, and it is proper so to do, because one cannot impart sanctity merely by thinking about it; he must speak, since speaking makes a greater impression (Birkei Yosef in the name of the Radbaโz). Post facto, one may rely on those who hold that thought alone is sufficient.",
|
29 |
+
"Sifrei Torah, tefillin and mezuzot have different levels of sanctity. The sanctity of a sefer Torah is greatest, then tefillin, then mezuzot. Lishmah for something of lesser sanctity is not sufficient for something of greater sanctity โ that is, if one processed parchment for the sake of tefillin, he may not then write a sefer Torah upon it. If he wanted to write a mezuzah upon it, which has less sanctity, some say that this is quite all right, since lishmah for something of high sanctity is sufficient as lishmah for something of lesser sanctity, but some differ and say that perhaps everything must be done for its own specific purpose. Some doubt this, because we may not lower something from high sanctity to lower sanctity, and some doubt that it may be done conditionally. Therefore, ideally one processes specific skins for specific purposes โ that intended for a sefer Torah โfor the sake of a sefer Torah,โ that intended for tefillin โfor the sake of tefillin,โ that intended for mezuzah โfor the sake of mezuzah.โ However, in pressing circumstances, if this is not possible, he may rely on those who say that itโs sufficient to say, when starting the processing, โfor the sake of sifrei Torah, tefillin, mezuzot, and tefillin housings.โ Alternatively, he may say it conditionally: โI am processing this for the sake of a sefer Torah, but I stipulate that if I should wish to change it to tefillin, mezuzot, or tefillin housings, I may do thisโ (see Excursus 1 sec. 28) (and see 25:1 and 22).",
|
30 |
+
"It is proper, when processing lishmah, to take pains that as much of the work as possible be done by Jews rather than non-Jews, even when the Jewโs work is of lesser quality (Benei Yonah), so as to meet the concern of the Rambam and his sources, which invalidate the work of a non-Jew even if a Jew stood over him and and told him that the work was to be lishmah; it does not have the same significance to a non-Jew and he cannot do it lishmah. But if Jewish tanners are scarce, we may rely on those who permit it if a Jew stood over him and said โProcess these skins for me so that I can write a sefer Torah on themโ โ the presumption is that the non-Jew does the work as the Jew would have him do it. This applies only if he specifically instructed the non-Jew thus, and he heard his words. If the Jew just thought it, this is not sufficient. This must happen very soon after he puts the skins into the lime; it does not suffice for him to give the instructions before this (Noda be-Yehuda tenina 175). If the non-Jew has non-Jewish workers, those non-Jewish workers must also be present when he is issuing his instructions that it be processed lishmah (Benei Yonah, Melekhet ha-Shamayim). However, if possible the Jew should help him a bit at the beginning of the work, when he puts it into the lime, and say that he is doing it for the sake of a sefer Torah &c. This is the practice. It is also good if the Jew is able to help a bit with all the parts of the work โ stretching, scraping, squeezing out the water, and so on. Post facto, even if he didnโt help at all, it is valid provided he gave the directions at the start (but if the processing was not started lishmah, it doesnโt become valid even if a Jew completes the processing lishmah; see para. 2).",
|
31 |
+
"If one is having the processing done by a non-Jew he should mark his skins, using an awl to make a pattern of letters in the skin. He need not worry that the skins will be exchanged and the marks forged, because the non-Jew knows that the Jew will spot the forgery, or will see that the forged marks are too fresh. There is an opinion which says that one should not mark it with an awl, but should cut letters at the head, inside (Barukh She-amar). One should also monitor it after the processing, because sometimes a non-Jew may put a patch on the holes which are in the skin, and these patches are generally not from skin which was processed lishmah (and perhaps even from ritually impure animals). They may be detected with difficulty by holding it up to the light (Mahatzit ha-Shekel, 32:11).",
|
32 |
+
"It must be processed in gall-nut juice [tannic acid] or in lime, or similar substances which shrink the skin and strengthen it. One must also take care to leave the skins in the lime until the hairs come out of themselves โ not by scraping. If he takes them out before this, he should not write on it, because it is diftera (Barukh She-amar).",
|
33 |
+
"There are three kinds of hide: gevil, klaf, and duchsustos. Unsplit hide, after processing, is called gevil. In earlier times, after the hairs had come off and before the rest of the processing, they used to split the hide into two layers. One is thin, on the hair side, and is klaf; one is thick, on the flesh side, and is called duchsustos. It is halakha from Moshe at Sinai that we write sifrei Torah on gevil, on the hair side; tefillin on klaf on the flesh side; and mezuzot on duchsustos on the hair side. Even though this is halakha from Moshe at Sinai, a sefer Torah written on klaf is valid, and we use the term gevil in the sense of not duchsustos. So too if one wrote a mezuzah on klaf or on gevil it is valid, and we only say duchsustos because that is technically the mitzvah.",
|
34 |
+
"Our parchments, which we do not split, are in the category of klaf, and we write on the flesh side. This is because when we scrape off the upper layer, the hair part, this is a separation which is part of the processing โ even if the skin is split into two parts, they have to scrape it thus โ and they scrape a lot from the flesh side, until only the klaf is left. This klaf is preferable to gevil, and one may write a sefer Torah on it lekhathilah. We donโt write on gevil nowadays. This is also valid for mezuzot. Certainly one must take care to scrape the flesh side very well, so that no thin layer remains on the writing side; this layer is duchsustos, and if even one letter is written on it, whether sefer Torah, tefillin or mezuzot, it is pasul. One identifies duchsustos thus: anything which can be peeled off and separated with a scraper, even of a hairโs thickness, is duchsustos (thus the Netiaโ shel Simhah and Ma-on Arayot).",
|
35 |
+
"If one changed things, and wrote on this klaf on the hair side โ tefillin, sefer Torah or mezuzot โ they are pasul (see the Beurei ha-Gra).",
|
36 |
+
"If one wrote part of a sefer Torah on klaf and part on gevil, it is pasul, since it is like two books. But if he made half on gevil and half on tzvaim โ that is, the skin of a deer or other wild animal โ even though this isnโt the nicest way of doing it, it is valid.",
|
37 |
+
"After the processing with lime is finished, some scribes have the custom to coat the klaf with a white paint, called log, which makes the klaf smooth and very white. Some permit this, and some forbid it because it constitutes a separation between the writing and the klaf; it is proper to be stringent."
|
38 |
+
],
|
39 |
+
[
|
40 |
+
"It is halakha from Moses at Sinai that one writes sifrei Torah, tefillin and mezuzot with ink alone. Ideally it is made thus: one combines ash from fat, pitch, wax and suchlike (that is, ืคืืืืจืืก or ืงืืื ืจืืก) with tree resin (gum) and moistens it with a little honey, and crushes it well until it cakes, whereupon he dries it. Before writing, he dissolves it in gallnut-juice or similar, and writes with it, so that if he comes to erase it off, it will go away. This is the ideal ink with which to write sifrei Torah, tefillin and mezuzot. If one wrote any of these three with gallnut-juice and kankantom (copperwasser) [ferrous sulphate solution], which doesnโt blot off, it is valid, and this is how ink is generally made these days โ gallnut-juice, gum [arabic], and kankantom โ but one must take care that it is properly black from the start [gallotannic inks darken on exposure to air]. The Mosaic halakha specified โinkโ to preclude use of other colours โ red, green and so on; if one wrote even one letter in another colour, or in gold, it would be invalid. So too one may not write Tanakh in anything other than ink; some say that the requirement of ink is limited to sifrei Torah.",
|
41 |
+
"Ink is invalidated if it started black but faded to red over time (Benei Yonah & Peri Megadim, siman 32, Eshel Avraham sโif katan 39); one must take great care that it be good.",
|
42 |
+
"Ink need not be made lishmah (Beโer Esek); if it is made from wine handled by non-Jews it is technically fit for use. However, for holy work and writing so many Names it is proper that we sanctify ourselves with that which is permitted to us, and distance ourselves from inappropriate matters (ืืโืฉ 162 and 164).",
|
43 |
+
"If one sprinkled gold dust over the letters, he may remove the dust, and the writing which remains is valid (Orah Hayyim 32:3; see also below, ch. 8:13), even in tefillin and mezuzot (Peri Megadim). But if the dust got onto a letter of the Name, there is nothing he can do about it; removing the dust constitutes erasure of the Name.",
|
44 |
+
"It is halakha from Moses at Sinai that sifrei Torah and mezuzot require ruled lines, and if they are written without lines, they are invalid. The lines must be made with a scoring tool, which makes grooves (โsirtut,โ ruled lines, is like โsarita,โ groove), and may not be made with lead or other colouring materials. It is proper to rule the lines lishmah. If one made a mistake and had to erase a word, and the line was also erased, he should rule the line afresh (Benei Yonah). Likewise if one had to suspend a word or words in a sefer Torah between the lines โ he must score a line there (Melekhet haShamayim, 25:6). Tefillin donโt require ruled lines, save the topmost line โ some say they require lines at top, bottom and the two sides, even if he is able to keep his writing straight. If one isnโt able to keep his writing straight, he must rule every line.",
|
45 |
+
"One should take care to have a nice-looking pen, even if it doesnโt make the writing itself look any different. Some say that one should write with a reed pen and not a feather, but this is not the custom; we write with feathers, and even with metal. Some doubt whether one may write with the feather of a ritually impure bird (ืืโืฉ, end of sec. 164).",
|
46 |
+
"One must write with his right hand, and if he wrote with the left, it is invalid. If one had tefillin which were written with the left hand, and could not find any which were written with the right hand, he should put them on, but should not make a blessing (ืืโืฉ in Even haโEzer, sec. 124:4). One who is left-handed should here read โleftโ for โright;โ if he wrote with his right hand it is invalid. If one is ambidextrous, he should write with the right hand, but if he wrote with his left it is valid (Magen Avraham). If one writes with his right hand but his left is dominant for everything else, or vice versa, he should not train to become a sofer, but if he writes, he falls into the category of an ambidexter (Peri Megadim). It once happened that someone with no hands wrote by holding the pen in his lips, and those tefillin were declared invalid even if no others were to be found, because writing is simply not done with the lips (Rema miโFano, sec. 28)."
|
47 |
+
],
|
48 |
+
[
|
49 |
+
"Sifrei Torah, tefillin and mezuzot must be written with great concentration and lishmah, and this must be verbalised before one begins to write. That is, before he starts to write he must say โI write this sefer for the holiness of a sefer Torah.โ This is sufficient for the entire sefer (gloss: except for the Divine Names, which must be sanctified separately, sv para 10), and so too for tefillin and mezuzah; he must say โfor the holiness of tefillinโ โmezuzah.โ And if it does not issue from his lips โ if he only thinks it โ some opinions rule that this is invalid even post facto, and some opinions rule that it is acceptable post facto, which seems to be the general idea.",
|
50 |
+
"If one starts to nod off, he should not write in that state, because he does not then have concentration (Orah Hayyim 32:19). So too if he had drunk intoxicating liquor: he should not write so, because he cannot concentrate appropriately .",
|
51 |
+
"Each and every letter must be entirely written lishmah, since if even a only small part was written not lishmah, and most of it was written lishmah, it is still invalid (Mahariโch, 1:1). All the more so if a small part of the letter was not made by writing at all, for instance if a drop of ink fell and he made it into a letter: it is invalid (see Excursus 1) (Knesset ha-Gedolah and Peri Megadim in Even ha-Ezer 125). Even if he subsequently wrote, lishmah, over the whole letter with a quill, it is of no effect; the upper layer of writing does not help.",
|
52 |
+
"Before one starts to write he should test his pen, to see that there is not an excess of ink, which will spoil it.",
|
53 |
+
"When one writes a sefer Torah, there must be another sefer before him, thoroughly proofread, from which he will copy, because it is forbidden to write even one letter without reference to another copy. Therefore, every sofer should take care to have a humash which has been thoroughly proofread, by an expert well versed in proofreading, from which to copy. But in any case, it is not necessary to take each letter one by one from the copy, but in the manner of copyists he may take two or three words at a time, or more, in consonance with [the <i>sofer</i>โs] comfort level with the Torah text (Benei Yonah). If he did write without reference to a copy, some forbid reading from it unless in extremely straitened circumstances (the Ran in the name of the Yerushalmi), and there are those who say that post facto it is not invalidated (ha-rav Rabbi Menoah).",
|
54 |
+
"Even if one is transcribing from a copy, he must also speak each word out loud before he writes it, in order that he not err (Rashi and Tosafot, Menahot 30), and also in order that the holiness of the breath of reading of each and every word which comes from his mouth is drawn over the words (Baโh). Only words of admonition need not be spoken aloud (Tosafot, Mordechai).",
|
55 |
+
"One must be exacting regarding the haser and yeter spellings, for if he wrote an extended word without some of its letters or a contracted word with extra letters, it is invalid. A word which has differing oral and lexical traditions, such as the written word yishgalenah [he will fornicate with her, Dev 28:30] which is spoken yishkavenah [he will lie with her], or the word written u-ve-`ofelim [and with swellings, Dev 28:27] which is spoken u-vatehorim [and with haemorrhoids], and the like, must be written with the lexical tradition, and if he changed it and wrote according to the oral tradition, it is invalid.",
|
56 |
+
"Tefillin and mezuzot: if one knows the texts very well he may write them without transcribing from a copy, provided he says each word aloud.",
|
57 |
+
"Even when transcribing from a copy, it is not appropriate that one should write unless he knows how to read, and if he does not know how to read, even if he knows the letters he is very likely to err, because he does not perceive it.",
|
58 |
+
"It is permitted to take up ink from the letter that was written when he needs ink for another part of the writing, or even to dispose of it if he needs to โ in order to make it dry faster so that he can roll the sefer up โ but he is forbidden to use it for a secular purpose (Siftei Cohen). It is forbidden to take up ink from the divine Name, even if he wants to use it to write another divine Name. Only if there is an inappropriate amount of ink in it may we be lenient โ even to dispose of it โ because when he started he only sanctified what he needed, and the excess would spoil it (Benei Yonah) (and see below, 10:10).",
|
59 |
+
"Those who write sefarim, tefillin and mezuzot: when they come to lay the sheet down so that it will dry, they may not turn the writing face down, even if the intent was to prevent dust settling on the writing; in all cases it is degrading. Rather, the writing should be face up, and he should spread a garment over it or double it over (Rambam), and where this is impossible he may turn it over since not turning it over would be a greater degredation."
|
60 |
+
]
|
61 |
+
],
|
62 |
+
"sectionNames": [
|
63 |
+
"Siman",
|
64 |
+
"Seif"
|
65 |
+
]
|
66 |
+
}
|
json/Halakhah/Acharonim/Keset HaSofer/English/Sefaria Community Translation.json
ADDED
@@ -0,0 +1,59 @@
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1 |
+
{
|
2 |
+
"language": "en",
|
3 |
+
"title": "Keset HaSofer",
|
4 |
+
"versionSource": "https://www.sefaria.org",
|
5 |
+
"versionTitle": "Sefaria Community Translation",
|
6 |
+
"actualLanguage": "en",
|
7 |
+
"languageFamilyName": "english",
|
8 |
+
"isBaseText": false,
|
9 |
+
"isSource": false,
|
10 |
+
"direction": "ltr",
|
11 |
+
"heTitle": "ืงืกืช ืืกืืคืจ",
|
12 |
+
"categories": [
|
13 |
+
"Halakhah",
|
14 |
+
"Acharonim"
|
15 |
+
],
|
16 |
+
"text": [
|
17 |
+
[
|
18 |
+
"It is taught in a beraita: Rabbi Meir said: When I came to Rabbi Ishmael he said to me: My son, what is your occupation? I said to him: I am a scribe. He said to me: My son, be scrupulous with your work for it is heavenly work. Lest you omit one letter or you add one letter it could come out that you destroyed the entire world. (Eiruvin 13:a) From here one sees how a sofer must be in extreme awe of Hashem. If he makes a blemish or if he doesnโt make a correction properly, he causes his soul to be lost. Since he steals from the masses and causes them to sin leaving them without fulfilling a commandment and making blessings in vain. Concerning him scripture states: One sinner destroys much good. And it also states: Cursed is he who does the work of Hashem with deceit. Therefore he who is fitting and have the power should appoint proper sofrim, men of truth, who hate bribes, Torah scholars, who fear G-d and tremble at His words, in every city and in every town just as shochtim are appointed and examined. All who writes good and valid Sifrei Torah, tefillin, and mezuzot according to all his abilities, his reward is doubled and redoubled and he is saved from the judgement of Gehinnom. (From the Laws of Writing Tefillin by Rabbi Avraham of Sinsheim and from the Levush)",
|
19 |
+
"A sefer torah, tefillin or mezuzot written by a heretic are burned. If written by a gentile, an informer (see Choshen HaMishpat Chapter 388) a woman, a deaf-mute, a mentally incompetent person, or a minor they are invalid and they are buried. As it is stated: bind them, and write them. Everyone who is not enjoined to binding (one who is not commanded or one who does not believe in it) is not enjoined to writing. Since this is learned from scripture it is required that he definitely reached majority. That is to say that he produced two hair and is past 13 years. (Magen Avraham, Nodeh BiYehuda Tanina Chapter 1, and Shuโt Keter Kehunah Chapter 1) However if he lacks the two hair he is invalid to write until the majority of his years pass or he produces signs of saris [lack of physical maturity] after the age of 20.",
|
20 |
+
"Everyone who is invalid to write them is invalid to do any preparation in their production. (Look ahead Chapter 22 paragraph 2) It is necessary to urge the sofrim and admonish them that no preparation is to be done through a woman or a minor.",
|
21 |
+
"There are those who invalidate a Sefer Torah that is written by a mamzer.",
|
22 |
+
"A Sefer Torah found in the possession of a heretic and it is not known who wrote it is to be buried. If it is found in the possession of a gentile there are those who rule that it is valid and there are those who rule that it is invalid. However if it is presumed that gentiles rob Jewish books, then it is assumed that it came from the Jews and it is valid. This is the rule in places where gentiles do not know how to write [Hebrew], we say that they were plainly robbed. Tefillin found in the possession of a gentile are valid.",
|
23 |
+
"One may not purchase a Sefer Torah, tefillin or mezuzot from a gentile for more that its worth in order that they do not become accustomed to steal and rob. However one is obligated to purchase them for their worth (even in a place where they require to be buried) and if the gentile wants much one is required to engage and discuss with him with pleasant words and perhaps he will leave it with him for its worth. If he stands by his offer, then it remains with him (Taz). One should not offer the gentile for much less than its worth lest he gets angry and throws it away."
|
24 |
+
],
|
25 |
+
[],
|
26 |
+
[],
|
27 |
+
[],
|
28 |
+
[],
|
29 |
+
[],
|
30 |
+
[],
|
31 |
+
[],
|
32 |
+
[],
|
33 |
+
[],
|
34 |
+
[],
|
35 |
+
[],
|
36 |
+
[],
|
37 |
+
[],
|
38 |
+
[],
|
39 |
+
[],
|
40 |
+
[],
|
41 |
+
[],
|
42 |
+
[],
|
43 |
+
[],
|
44 |
+
[],
|
45 |
+
[],
|
46 |
+
[],
|
47 |
+
[],
|
48 |
+
[],
|
49 |
+
[],
|
50 |
+
[],
|
51 |
+
[
|
52 |
+
"<b>The laws of the writing of a Scroll of Esther and its sewing. And there are ten paragraphs in it.</b> A Megillah must be written with ink on treated parchment (<i>gvil</i>) or plain parchment (<i>klaf</i>); and it must be scored on all of the lines like a Torah scroll. Its leather (from which it is derived) need not, however, be processed with intention. But some say that it does need processing with intention. So one should be stringent (Magen Avraham)."
|
53 |
+
]
|
54 |
+
],
|
55 |
+
"sectionNames": [
|
56 |
+
"Siman",
|
57 |
+
"Seif"
|
58 |
+
]
|
59 |
+
}
|
json/Halakhah/Acharonim/Keset HaSofer/English/merged.json
ADDED
@@ -0,0 +1,97 @@
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1 |
+
{
|
2 |
+
"title": "Keset HaSofer",
|
3 |
+
"language": "en",
|
4 |
+
"versionTitle": "merged",
|
5 |
+
"versionSource": "https://www.sefaria.org/Keset_HaSofer",
|
6 |
+
"text": [
|
7 |
+
[
|
8 |
+
"It is taught in a baraita (Eruvin 13a): Rabbi Meir said, when I came to Rabbi Ishmael, he said to me โMy son, what is your trade?โ I said to him โI am a scribe.โ He said to me โMy son, be meticulous in your work, for it is the work of heaven, and if you should omit a single letter or add a single letter, you destroy the entire world.โ From this we may see that a scribe must be in extreme awe of God, for if he makes one error or fails to make one necessary correction, his soul will perish, because he steals from the masses and causes them to sin โ they remain in a state of not performing commandments, and every day make blessings in vain. Of him it is written โOne sinner destroys much goodโ (Kohelet 9:18), and โCursed is he who does Godโs work deceitfullyโ (Jeremiah 48:10). Therefore, those who have the power to appoint scribes should appoint worthy scribes, men of truth who hate bribes and know Torah, fear God and tremble at his words, just as we appoint kosher butchers. All who write tefillin as good and fit as they possibly can will have their reward doubled and doubled again, and will be saved from the judgement of Gehinnom. (From the laws of writing tefillin by Rโ Avraham Mazinsheim and in the Levush.)",
|
9 |
+
" Sifrei Torah, tefillin and mezuzot which were written by a heresiarch are burned. If they were written by a non-Jew, one who rejects the commandments (see the H.M. sec. 488), a woman, a deaf-mute, one mentally impaired, or a minor โ they are invalid, and are buried, as it says โBind themโฆwrite themโฆโ; the explanation is that all who are enjoined in binding are enjoined in writing, and all who are not enjoined in binding (not commanded or not believed to be performing it reliably) are not enjoined in writing. Since we learn this from the Torah itself, we require that only one who has definitely reached adulthood, that is, has produced two hairs and is past thirteen years of age (Magen Avraham, and see Noda be-Yehudah tinyana sec. 1 and the responsa Keter Kehunah sec. 1), but one who is only presumed to be an adult is invalid to write until he has come of age, or has attained twenty years of age without becoming pubescent.",
|
10 |
+
" Anyone who is invalid to write is invalid for all aspects of their manufacture (see 21:2), and scribes and artisans must take great care that no part of the work is done by women or children.",
|
11 |
+
"There are those who say that a sefer Torah written by a mamzer is invalid.",
|
12 |
+
"If one found a sefer Torah in the possession of a heresiarch, and it was not known who wrote it, it is buried. If it was in the possession of an idol-worshipper, some say it is valid and some say it should also be buried. However, if idol-worshippers are presumed to pillage the books of the Jews, we assume it originated with a Jew and is valid. So too in places where idol-worshippers donโt know how to write: we assume that they were plundered. Tefillin in the possession of an idol-worshipper are valid.",
|
13 |
+
"One should not buy sifrei Torah, tefillin and mezuzot from idol-worshippers for more than their value, so as not to encourage their theft. One is, however, obliged to purchase them for their fair value (even if they require burial), and if the idol-worshipper wants a large price, one must bargain with him and offer him a fair price. If he wonโt bring his price down, they remain with him (Taz). One must not give him the impression that they are worth significantly less than their true value, lest he tire of them and throw them away."
|
14 |
+
],
|
15 |
+
[
|
16 |
+
"It is written โIn order that Godโs Torah shall be in your mouthโ (Exod. 13:9), and we explain that one may only write sifrei Torah, tefillin and mezuzot on skins from ritually pure animals and birds (hairs and sinews are also only fit if they come from these species) which are permitted for food. They are fit even if they werenโt killed in a ritually acceptable manner, and even if they were perforated or mutilated, because when we say โpermitted for foodโ we mean in terms of the species, to exclude the various kinds of ritually impure species. Although fish-skin is ritually pure, we donโt write on it, because of the filth, which does not come away during processing. The skin of an embryo counts as skin for this purpose, and we may write sifrei Torah, tefillin and mezuzot on it. This is the best kind of skin. After that, bird skin, and after that the skin of wild animals, the skin of domesticated beasts, and animals which died naturally.",
|
17 |
+
"The skins must be processed lishmah; that is, when one places them in the lime, which is the start of the process, he says โI am processing these skins for the sake of a sefer Torah (see below, para. 4), and to this end I am putting these skins in lime,โ and immediately places the skins into the lime. Since the start of the process was performed lishmah, all the other parts of the processing, like the splitting and the scraping, follow after it. Even so, it is proper to repeat, at each subsequent stage, that he is doing it lishmah (Benei Yonah), and he should also say it right at the beginning when he puts the skins into water, to soften them and make them fit for processing [conceptually this is the beginning of the process, although halakhically it doesnโt start until they are put into the lime]. Post facto, none of these are absolutely essential, if the beginning of the process was performed lishmah. However, if the processing was not started lishmah (the putting into the lime), finishing it lishmah does not make them permitted for use. (Melekhet ha-Shamayim, in the name of a few posekim, but not like the Taz).",
|
18 |
+
"Some say that he must actually verbalise his intent to process the skins lishmah, and it is proper so to do, because one cannot impart sanctity merely by thinking about it; he must speak, since speaking makes a greater impression (Birkei Yosef in the name of the Radbaโz). Post facto, one may rely on those who hold that thought alone is sufficient.",
|
19 |
+
"Sifrei Torah, tefillin and mezuzot have different levels of sanctity. The sanctity of a sefer Torah is greatest, then tefillin, then mezuzot. Lishmah for something of lesser sanctity is not sufficient for something of greater sanctity โ that is, if one processed parchment for the sake of tefillin, he may not then write a sefer Torah upon it. If he wanted to write a mezuzah upon it, which has less sanctity, some say that this is quite all right, since lishmah for something of high sanctity is sufficient as lishmah for something of lesser sanctity, but some differ and say that perhaps everything must be done for its own specific purpose. Some doubt this, because we may not lower something from high sanctity to lower sanctity, and some doubt that it may be done conditionally. Therefore, ideally one processes specific skins for specific purposes โ that intended for a sefer Torah โfor the sake of a sefer Torah,โ that intended for tefillin โfor the sake of tefillin,โ that intended for mezuzah โfor the sake of mezuzah.โ However, in pressing circumstances, if this is not possible, he may rely on those who say that itโs sufficient to say, when starting the processing, โfor the sake of sifrei Torah, tefillin, mezuzot, and tefillin housings.โ Alternatively, he may say it conditionally: โI am processing this for the sake of a sefer Torah, but I stipulate that if I should wish to change it to tefillin, mezuzot, or tefillin housings, I may do thisโ (see Excursus 1 sec. 28) (and see 25:1 and 22).",
|
20 |
+
"It is proper, when processing lishmah, to take pains that as much of the work as possible be done by Jews rather than non-Jews, even when the Jewโs work is of lesser quality (Benei Yonah), so as to meet the concern of the Rambam and his sources, which invalidate the work of a non-Jew even if a Jew stood over him and and told him that the work was to be lishmah; it does not have the same significance to a non-Jew and he cannot do it lishmah. But if Jewish tanners are scarce, we may rely on those who permit it if a Jew stood over him and said โProcess these skins for me so that I can write a sefer Torah on themโ โ the presumption is that the non-Jew does the work as the Jew would have him do it. This applies only if he specifically instructed the non-Jew thus, and he heard his words. If the Jew just thought it, this is not sufficient. This must happen very soon after he puts the skins into the lime; it does not suffice for him to give the instructions before this (Noda be-Yehuda tenina 175). If the non-Jew has non-Jewish workers, those non-Jewish workers must also be present when he is issuing his instructions that it be processed lishmah (Benei Yonah, Melekhet ha-Shamayim). However, if possible the Jew should help him a bit at the beginning of the work, when he puts it into the lime, and say that he is doing it for the sake of a sefer Torah &c. This is the practice. It is also good if the Jew is able to help a bit with all the parts of the work โ stretching, scraping, squeezing out the water, and so on. Post facto, even if he didnโt help at all, it is valid provided he gave the directions at the start (but if the processing was not started lishmah, it doesnโt become valid even if a Jew completes the processing lishmah; see para. 2).",
|
21 |
+
"If one is having the processing done by a non-Jew he should mark his skins, using an awl to make a pattern of letters in the skin. He need not worry that the skins will be exchanged and the marks forged, because the non-Jew knows that the Jew will spot the forgery, or will see that the forged marks are too fresh. There is an opinion which says that one should not mark it with an awl, but should cut letters at the head, inside (Barukh She-amar). One should also monitor it after the processing, because sometimes a non-Jew may put a patch on the holes which are in the skin, and these patches are generally not from skin which was processed lishmah (and perhaps even from ritually impure animals). They may be detected with difficulty by holding it up to the light (Mahatzit ha-Shekel, 32:11).",
|
22 |
+
"It must be processed in gall-nut juice [tannic acid] or in lime, or similar substances which shrink the skin and strengthen it. One must also take care to leave the skins in the lime until the hairs come out of themselves โ not by scraping. If he takes them out before this, he should not write on it, because it is diftera (Barukh She-amar).",
|
23 |
+
"There are three kinds of hide: gevil, klaf, and duchsustos. Unsplit hide, after processing, is called gevil. In earlier times, after the hairs had come off and before the rest of the processing, they used to split the hide into two layers. One is thin, on the hair side, and is klaf; one is thick, on the flesh side, and is called duchsustos. It is halakha from Moshe at Sinai that we write sifrei Torah on gevil, on the hair side; tefillin on klaf on the flesh side; and mezuzot on duchsustos on the hair side. Even though this is halakha from Moshe at Sinai, a sefer Torah written on klaf is valid, and we use the term gevil in the sense of not duchsustos. So too if one wrote a mezuzah on klaf or on gevil it is valid, and we only say duchsustos because that is technically the mitzvah.",
|
24 |
+
"Our parchments, which we do not split, are in the category of klaf, and we write on the flesh side. This is because when we scrape off the upper layer, the hair part, this is a separation which is part of the processing โ even if the skin is split into two parts, they have to scrape it thus โ and they scrape a lot from the flesh side, until only the klaf is left. This klaf is preferable to gevil, and one may write a sefer Torah on it lekhathilah. We donโt write on gevil nowadays. This is also valid for mezuzot. Certainly one must take care to scrape the flesh side very well, so that no thin layer remains on the writing side; this layer is duchsustos, and if even one letter is written on it, whether sefer Torah, tefillin or mezuzot, it is pasul. One identifies duchsustos thus: anything which can be peeled off and separated with a scraper, even of a hairโs thickness, is duchsustos (thus the Netiaโ shel Simhah and Ma-on Arayot).",
|
25 |
+
"If one changed things, and wrote on this klaf on the hair side โ tefillin, sefer Torah or mezuzot โ they are pasul (see the Beurei ha-Gra).",
|
26 |
+
"If one wrote part of a sefer Torah on klaf and part on gevil, it is pasul, since it is like two books. But if he made half on gevil and half on tzvaim โ that is, the skin of a deer or other wild animal โ even though this isnโt the nicest way of doing it, it is valid.",
|
27 |
+
"After the processing with lime is finished, some scribes have the custom to coat the klaf with a white paint, called log, which makes the klaf smooth and very white. Some permit this, and some forbid it because it constitutes a separation between the writing and the klaf; it is proper to be stringent."
|
28 |
+
],
|
29 |
+
[
|
30 |
+
"It is halakha from Moses at Sinai that one writes sifrei Torah, tefillin and mezuzot with ink alone. Ideally it is made thus: one combines ash from fat, pitch, wax and suchlike (that is, ืคืืืืจืืก or ืงืืื ืจืืก) with tree resin (gum) and moistens it with a little honey, and crushes it well until it cakes, whereupon he dries it. Before writing, he dissolves it in gallnut-juice or similar, and writes with it, so that if he comes to erase it off, it will go away. This is the ideal ink with which to write sifrei Torah, tefillin and mezuzot. If one wrote any of these three with gallnut-juice and kankantom (copperwasser) [ferrous sulphate solution], which doesnโt blot off, it is valid, and this is how ink is generally made these days โ gallnut-juice, gum [arabic], and kankantom โ but one must take care that it is properly black from the start [gallotannic inks darken on exposure to air]. The Mosaic halakha specified โinkโ to preclude use of other colours โ red, green and so on; if one wrote even one letter in another colour, or in gold, it would be invalid. So too one may not write Tanakh in anything other than ink; some say that the requirement of ink is limited to sifrei Torah.",
|
31 |
+
"Ink is invalidated if it started black but faded to red over time (Benei Yonah & Peri Megadim, siman 32, Eshel Avraham sโif katan 39); one must take great care that it be good.",
|
32 |
+
"Ink need not be made lishmah (Beโer Esek); if it is made from wine handled by non-Jews it is technically fit for use. However, for holy work and writing so many Names it is proper that we sanctify ourselves with that which is permitted to us, and distance ourselves from inappropriate matters (ืืโืฉ 162 and 164).",
|
33 |
+
"If one sprinkled gold dust over the letters, he may remove the dust, and the writing which remains is valid (Orah Hayyim 32:3; see also below, ch. 8:13), even in tefillin and mezuzot (Peri Megadim). But if the dust got onto a letter of the Name, there is nothing he can do about it; removing the dust constitutes erasure of the Name.",
|
34 |
+
"It is halakha from Moses at Sinai that sifrei Torah and mezuzot require ruled lines, and if they are written without lines, they are invalid. The lines must be made with a scoring tool, which makes grooves (โsirtut,โ ruled lines, is like โsarita,โ groove), and may not be made with lead or other colouring materials. It is proper to rule the lines lishmah. If one made a mistake and had to erase a word, and the line was also erased, he should rule the line afresh (Benei Yonah). Likewise if one had to suspend a word or words in a sefer Torah between the lines โ he must score a line there (Melekhet haShamayim, 25:6). Tefillin donโt require ruled lines, save the topmost line โ some say they require lines at top, bottom and the two sides, even if he is able to keep his writing straight. If one isnโt able to keep his writing straight, he must rule every line.",
|
35 |
+
"One should take care to have a nice-looking pen, even if it doesnโt make the writing itself look any different. Some say that one should write with a reed pen and not a feather, but this is not the custom; we write with feathers, and even with metal. Some doubt whether one may write with the feather of a ritually impure bird (ืืโืฉ, end of sec. 164).",
|
36 |
+
"One must write with his right hand, and if he wrote with the left, it is invalid. If one had tefillin which were written with the left hand, and could not find any which were written with the right hand, he should put them on, but should not make a blessing (ืืโืฉ in Even haโEzer, sec. 124:4). One who is left-handed should here read โleftโ for โright;โ if he wrote with his right hand it is invalid. If one is ambidextrous, he should write with the right hand, but if he wrote with his left it is valid (Magen Avraham). If one writes with his right hand but his left is dominant for everything else, or vice versa, he should not train to become a sofer, but if he writes, he falls into the category of an ambidexter (Peri Megadim). It once happened that someone with no hands wrote by holding the pen in his lips, and those tefillin were declared invalid even if no others were to be found, because writing is simply not done with the lips (Rema miโFano, sec. 28)."
|
37 |
+
],
|
38 |
+
[
|
39 |
+
"Sifrei Torah, tefillin and mezuzot must be written with great concentration and lishmah, and this must be verbalised before one begins to write. That is, before he starts to write he must say โI write this sefer for the holiness of a sefer Torah.โ This is sufficient for the entire sefer (gloss: except for the Divine Names, which must be sanctified separately, sv para 10), and so too for tefillin and mezuzah; he must say โfor the holiness of tefillinโ โmezuzah.โ And if it does not issue from his lips โ if he only thinks it โ some opinions rule that this is invalid even post facto, and some opinions rule that it is acceptable post facto, which seems to be the general idea.",
|
40 |
+
"If one starts to nod off, he should not write in that state, because he does not then have concentration (Orah Hayyim 32:19). So too if he had drunk intoxicating liquor: he should not write so, because he cannot concentrate appropriately .",
|
41 |
+
"Each and every letter must be entirely written lishmah, since if even a only small part was written not lishmah, and most of it was written lishmah, it is still invalid (Mahariโch, 1:1). All the more so if a small part of the letter was not made by writing at all, for instance if a drop of ink fell and he made it into a letter: it is invalid (see Excursus 1) (Knesset ha-Gedolah and Peri Megadim in Even ha-Ezer 125). Even if he subsequently wrote, lishmah, over the whole letter with a quill, it is of no effect; the upper layer of writing does not help.",
|
42 |
+
"Before one starts to write he should test his pen, to see that there is not an excess of ink, which will spoil it.",
|
43 |
+
"When one writes a sefer Torah, there must be another sefer before him, thoroughly proofread, from which he will copy, because it is forbidden to write even one letter without reference to another copy. Therefore, every sofer should take care to have a humash which has been thoroughly proofread, by an expert well versed in proofreading, from which to copy. But in any case, it is not necessary to take each letter one by one from the copy, but in the manner of copyists he may take two or three words at a time, or more, in consonance with [the <i>sofer</i>โs] comfort level with the Torah text (Benei Yonah). If he did write without reference to a copy, some forbid reading from it unless in extremely straitened circumstances (the Ran in the name of the Yerushalmi), and there are those who say that post facto it is not invalidated (ha-rav Rabbi Menoah).",
|
44 |
+
"Even if one is transcribing from a copy, he must also speak each word out loud before he writes it, in order that he not err (Rashi and Tosafot, Menahot 30), and also in order that the holiness of the breath of reading of each and every word which comes from his mouth is drawn over the words (Baโh). Only words of admonition need not be spoken aloud (Tosafot, Mordechai).",
|
45 |
+
"One must be exacting regarding the haser and yeter spellings, for if he wrote an extended word without some of its letters or a contracted word with extra letters, it is invalid. A word which has differing oral and lexical traditions, such as the written word yishgalenah [he will fornicate with her, Dev 28:30] which is spoken yishkavenah [he will lie with her], or the word written u-ve-`ofelim [and with swellings, Dev 28:27] which is spoken u-vatehorim [and with haemorrhoids], and the like, must be written with the lexical tradition, and if he changed it and wrote according to the oral tradition, it is invalid.",
|
46 |
+
"Tefillin and mezuzot: if one knows the texts very well he may write them without transcribing from a copy, provided he says each word aloud.",
|
47 |
+
"Even when transcribing from a copy, it is not appropriate that one should write unless he knows how to read, and if he does not know how to read, even if he knows the letters he is very likely to err, because he does not perceive it.",
|
48 |
+
"It is permitted to take up ink from the letter that was written when he needs ink for another part of the writing, or even to dispose of it if he needs to โ in order to make it dry faster so that he can roll the sefer up โ but he is forbidden to use it for a secular purpose (Siftei Cohen). It is forbidden to take up ink from the divine Name, even if he wants to use it to write another divine Name. Only if there is an inappropriate amount of ink in it may we be lenient โ even to dispose of it โ because when he started he only sanctified what he needed, and the excess would spoil it (Benei Yonah) (and see below, 10:10).",
|
49 |
+
"Those who write sefarim, tefillin and mezuzot: when they come to lay the sheet down so that it will dry, they may not turn the writing face down, even if the intent was to prevent dust settling on the writing; in all cases it is degrading. Rather, the writing should be face up, and he should spread a garment over it or double it over (Rambam), and where this is impossible he may turn it over since not turning it over would be a greater degredation."
|
50 |
+
],
|
51 |
+
[],
|
52 |
+
[],
|
53 |
+
[],
|
54 |
+
[],
|
55 |
+
[],
|
56 |
+
[],
|
57 |
+
[],
|
58 |
+
[],
|
59 |
+
[],
|
60 |
+
[],
|
61 |
+
[],
|
62 |
+
[],
|
63 |
+
[],
|
64 |
+
[],
|
65 |
+
[],
|
66 |
+
[],
|
67 |
+
[],
|
68 |
+
[],
|
69 |
+
[],
|
70 |
+
[],
|
71 |
+
[],
|
72 |
+
[],
|
73 |
+
[],
|
74 |
+
[
|
75 |
+
"<b>The laws of the writing of a Scroll of Esther and its sewing. And there are ten paragraphs in it.</b> A Megillah must be written with ink on treated parchment (<i>gvil</i>) or plain parchment (<i>klaf</i>); and it must be scored on all of the lines like a Torah scroll. Its leather (from which it is derived) need not, however, be processed with intention. But some say that it does need processing with intention. So one should be stringent (Magen Avraham)."
|
76 |
+
]
|
77 |
+
],
|
78 |
+
"versions": [
|
79 |
+
[
|
80 |
+
"Sefaria Community Translation",
|
81 |
+
"https://www.sefaria.org"
|
82 |
+
],
|
83 |
+
[
|
84 |
+
"Keset HaSofer, trans. Jen Taylor Friedman",
|
85 |
+
"http://www.hasoferet.com"
|
86 |
+
]
|
87 |
+
],
|
88 |
+
"heTitle": "ืงืกืช ืืกืืคืจ",
|
89 |
+
"categories": [
|
90 |
+
"Halakhah",
|
91 |
+
"Acharonim"
|
92 |
+
],
|
93 |
+
"sectionNames": [
|
94 |
+
"Siman",
|
95 |
+
"Seif"
|
96 |
+
]
|
97 |
+
}
|
json/Halakhah/Acharonim/Keset HaSofer/Hebrew/Keset Hasofer, Ungvar 1871.json
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json/Halakhah/Acharonim/Keset HaSofer/Hebrew/Likut Sifrei Stam Part 1.json
ADDED
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+
{
|
2 |
+
"language": "he",
|
3 |
+
"title": "Keset HaSofer",
|
4 |
+
"versionSource": "ืืืงืื ืกืคืจื ืกืช\"ื ืืืง ื",
|
5 |
+
"versionTitle": "Likut Sifrei Stam Part 1",
|
6 |
+
"status": "locked",
|
7 |
+
"actualLanguage": "he",
|
8 |
+
"languageFamilyName": "hebrew",
|
9 |
+
"isBaseText": true,
|
10 |
+
"isSource": true,
|
11 |
+
"isPrimary": true,
|
12 |
+
"direction": "rtl",
|
13 |
+
"heTitle": "ืงืกืช ืืกืืคืจ",
|
14 |
+
"categories": [
|
15 |
+
"Halakhah",
|
16 |
+
"Acharonim"
|
17 |
+
],
|
18 |
+
"text": [
|
19 |
+
[
|
20 |
+
"ืชื ืื ืืืจ ืจ' ืืืืจ ืืฉืืืชื ืืฆื ืจ' ืืฉืืขืื ืืืจ ืื ืื ื ืื ืืืืืชื ืืืจืชื ืื ืืืืจ (ืค' ืกืืคืจ) ืื ื ืืืจ ืื ืื ื ืืื ืืืืจ ืืืืืืชื ืฉืืืืืชื ืืืืืช ืฉืืื ืืื ืฉืื ืืชื ืืืกืจ ืืืช ืืืช ืื ืืืชืจ ืืืช ืืืช ื ืืฆื ืืืจืื ืืช ืื ืืขืืื ืืืื (ืขืืจืืืื ืืฃ ื\"ื) ืืืื ืืจืื ืืกืืคืจ ืืื ืืื ืฆืจืื ืืืืืช ืืจื ืืช ื' ืืืื. ืฉืื ืขืฉื ืืืื ืงืืงืื ืื ืฉืื ืขืฉื ืืืื ืชืืงืื ืืคื ืืจืืื ืืคืกืื ืืช ื ืฉืืชื ืื ืืื ืืืื ืืช ืืจืืื ืืื ืืืืืื ืฉืฉืจืืืื ืืื ืืฆืืช ืขืฉื ืืืืจืืื ืืื ืืื ืืจืืืช ืืืืื. ืืขืืื ืืืชืื ืืืืจ ืืืืื ืืื ืืืื ืืืื ืืจืื. ืื ืืืจ ืืจืืจ ืขืืฉื ืืืืืช ื' ืืจืืื. ืขื ืื ืืื ืื ืืจืืื ืืื ืฉืืฉ ืื ืืืื. ืืื ืืช ืกืืคืจืื ืืืืื ืื. ืื ืฉื ืืืช. ืฉืื ืื ืืฆืข. ืืขืื ืชืืจื. ืืจืื ืืืืื ืืืจืืืื ืขื ืืืจื. ืืื ืขืืจ ืืขืืจ ืืืื ืคืื ืืคืื ืืื ืฉืืืื ืื ืฉืืืืื ืืืืืงืื. ืืื ืื ืฉืืืชื ืก\"ืช. ืชืคืืืื ืืืืืืืช. ืืืืื ืืืฉืจืื ืืคื ืื ืืืืืชื. ืฉืืจื ืืคืื ืืืืืคื ืื ืืฆืื ืืืื ื ืฉื ืืืื ื (ืืืื ื ืืชืืืช ืชืคืืืื ืืืจ\"ื ืืืื ืฉืืืื ืืืืืืฉ):",
|
21 |
+
"ืกืคืจ ืชืืจื ืชืคืืืื ืืืืืืืช ืฉืืชืื ืืื ืืฉืจืคื. ืืชืื ื ืืจื ืื ืืืกืจ (ืขื' ืื\"ื ืกื' ืฉืค'ื) ืื ืืฉื ืื ืืจืฉ ืื ืฉืืื ืื ืงืื ืคืกืืื' ืืืื ืื ืฉื ื' ืืงืฉืจืชื ืืืชืืชื ืืืจืฉืื ื ืื ืฉืืฉื ื ืืงืฉืืจื ืืฉื ื ืืืชืืื ืืื ืฉืืื ื ืืงืฉืืจื (ืฉืืื ื ืืืืืจ ืขืื' ืื ืฉืืื ื ืืืืื ืื) ืืื ื ืืืชืืื. ืืืืื ืืืืค' ืื ืืงืจื ืืขืื ื ืฉืืื' ืืืงื ืืืื ืืืฉ ืืืืื ื ืฉืืืื ื' ืฉืขืจืืช ืืืืจ ืฉืืื ืื ื\"ื ืฉื ื (ืื\"ื ืืข' ื ืื\"ืช ืกื' ื' ืืฉื\"ืช ืืชืจ ืืืื ื ืกื' ื') ืืื ืืกืคืืงื ืคืกืื ืืืชืื ืขื ืฉืืขืืจื ืขืืื ืจืื ืฉื ืืชืื ืื ืฉื ืืืื ืื ืกืืื ื ืกืจืืก ืืืืจ ืฉืขืืจื ืขืืื ื' ืฉื ื:",
|
22 |
+
"ืื ืฉืคืกืื ืืืชืื ืคืกืื ืืื ืชืืงืื ืขืฉืืืชื (ืข\"ื ืกื' ื\"ื ืกืขืืฃ ื') ืืฆืจืืืื ืืืจื ืืช ืืกืืคืจืื ืืืขื ืฉื ืฉืื ืืขืฉืืช ืฉืื ืชืืงืื ืข\"ื ืืฉื ืื ืงืื:",
|
23 |
+
"ืกืคืจ ืชืืจื ืฉืืชืื ืืืืจ ืืฉ ืคืืกืืื:",
|
24 |
+
"ืก\"ืช ืฉื ืืฆื ืืื ืืื ืืืื ืืืืข ืื ืืชืื ืืื ื. ื ืืฆื ืืื ืขืื\"ื ืืฉ ืืืฉืืจืื ืืืฉ ืื\"ื ืืื ื. ืืื ืื ืืืืืงื ืฉืืืื ืขืื\"ื ืกืคืจื ืืฉืจืื ืชืืืื ืฉืืื ืืืฉืจืื ืืืฉืจ. ืื\"ื ืืืงืืืืช ืฉืืื ืืขืื\"ื ืืืืขืื ืืืชืื ืืืจืื ื ืืกืชืื ืืืื ืืืชื. ื ืืฆืื ืชืคืืืื ืืืื ืขืื\"ื ืืฉืจืื.",
|
25 |
+
"ืืื ืืืงืืื ืก\"ืช ืชื\"ื ืื ืืขืื\"ื ืืืืชืจ ืืืื ืืืืื ืืื ืฉืื ืืืจืืืื ืืื ืื ืืืืืื. ืืื ืืืื ืืืืื ืืืืืื ืืงื ืืชื (ืืคื' ืืืงืื ืฉืฆืจืืืื ืื ืืื) ืืื ืืขืื\"ื ืจืืฆื ืืจืื ืฆืจืื ืืขืกืืง ืืืืจ ืขืื ืืืืจื ืจืฆืื ืืืื ืืฉืชืื ืขืื ืืืื ืืืื. ืืื ืื\"ื ืขืืื ืืืขืชื. ืื ืื ืืื ืืืื (ื\"ื) ืืืื ืืืงืฉ ืื ืืขืื\"ื ืฉืืชื ื ืื ืืืื ืืืชืจ ืืืื ืคื ืืืขืืก ืืืฉืืืื ืืืงืื ืืืื:"
|
26 |
+
],
|
27 |
+
[
|
28 |
+
"ืืชืื ืืืขื ืชืืื ืชืืจืช ื' ืืคืื ืืืจืฉืื ื ืืื ื' ืฉืืื ืืืชืืื ืก\"ืช ืชืคืืืื ืืืืืืืช ืืื ืขื ืขืืจืืช ืืืืื ืืื ืืขืืฃ ืืืืืจืื (ืืื ืืฉืขืจืืช ืืืืืืื ืืื ื ืืฉืจืืช ืืื ืืืื ืื ืืื) ืฉืื ืืืชืจืื ืืคืื ืืืคื' ืื ืื ืืืืช ืืืจืคืืช ืืืคื' ืื ืืืจืืช ืืขืงืืจืืช ืืฉืจืืช ืืื ืืขืื ื ืืื ืืืื ืืืืชืจ ืืคืื ืืืคืืงื ืืืื ืืื ืืขืืฃ ืืืืืื ืืขื ืขืืจ ืืื ืืคื' ืืื ืืืืจ ืืื ืืืชืืื ืขืืื ืืคื ื ืืืืืื ืฉืืื ื ืคืืกืงืช ืืขืืืื ืขืืจ ืืฉืืื ืืงืจื ืขืืจ ืืขื ืื ืื ืืืืชืืื ืขืืื ืก\"ืช ืชื\"ื ืืืื ืืืืืืจ ืืื\"ื ืขืืจ ืืขืืฃ ืืื\"ื ืขืืจ ืืืื ืืื\"ื ืขืืจ ืืืื ืืื\"ื ืขืืจ ื ืืื:",
|
29 |
+
"ืฆืจืื ืฉืืืื ืืขืืจืืช ืืขืืืืื ืืฉืื ืืืืื ื ืฉืืฉืื ืื ืืืชื ืืชืื ืืกืื ืฉืืื ืชืืืช ืืขืืืื ืืืืจ ืขืืจืืช ืืื ืื ื ืืขืื ืืฉื ืก\"ืช (ืข\"ื ืกืขื' ื') ืืืฉื ืื ืื ื ืืฉืื ืืืชื. ืืชืื ืืกืื. ืืืฉืื ืืืชื ืืื ืืชืื ืืกืื. ืืืืื ืฉืืชืืืช ืืขืืืื ืืื ืืฉืื ืืื ืื ืืืืืืืช ืืืืจืืช ืืื ืืืงืืชื ืืืจืืืชื ืืืื ืืชืจ ืืชืืืช ืืขืืืื ืืจืืจืื. ืื\"ื ื ืืื ืฉืื ืืื ืืืืื ืืืืืืืช ืืืืจืืช ืืืืจ ืื ืฉืืื ืขืืฉื ืืฉืื (ืื ื ืืื ื) ืืื ืืชืืื ืืฉื ืืชื ืืช ืืขืืจืืช ืืชืื ืืืื ืฉืืชืจืืื ืืืืืฉืจื ืืขืืืื ืืืืจ ื\"ื ืฉืืื ื ืืชื ืืืชื ืืฉืื. ืืื ืืืืขืื ืื ืืืช ืืื ื ืืขืื ืืืื ืฉืชืืืช ืืขืืืื ื ืขืฉื ืืฉืื. ืืื ืื ืชืืืช ืืขืืืื (ืืืืื ื ืื ืชืื ื ืืชืื ืืกืื) ืื ื ืขืฉื ืืฉืื ืืขืค\"ื ืฉืืืจ ืืขืืืื ื ืขืฉื ืืฉืื ืืื ืืืชืืจ (ืืืืืช ืฉืืื ืืฉื ืงืฆืช ืคืืกืงืื ืืืื ืื\"ื):",
|
30 |
+
"ื\"ื ืืฆืจืื ืืืงื ืืืืฆืื ืืฉืคืชืื ืฉืืื ืืขืื ืืฉืื ืืื ื ืืื ืืขืฉืืช ืืืชืืื ืื ืืื ืืงืืืฉื ืืื ืืืืฉืื ืืื ืืืืืืจ ืฉืืืืืืจ ืขืืฉื ืจืฉืื ืืืื (ืืจ\"ื ืืฉื ืืจืื\"ื) ืืื ืืืืขืื ืืฉ ืืกืืื ืขื ืืคืืกืงืื ืืื ืืืืฉืื ืกืื:",
|
31 |
+
"ืก\"ืช. ืชืคืืืื. ืืืืืืืช. ืืืืงืืช ืืงืืืฉืชื. ืงืืืฉืช ืก\"ืช ืืืืื ืืงืืืฉืช ืชืคืืืื. ืืงืืืฉืช ืชืคืืืื ืืืืื ืืงืืืฉืช ืืืืื. ืืืฉืื ืืงืืืฉื ืงืื ืื ืืฉืื ืืฉืื ืืงืืืฉื ืืืืจื. ืืืื ืงืืฃ ืืืขืืื ืืฉื ืชืคืืืื ืืื ื ืืฉืจ ืืืชืื ืขืืื ืก\"ืช. ืืื ืืขื ืื ืืฆืื ืงืื ืืืืื ื ืืืชืื ืขืืื ืืืืื ื\"ื ืืฉืคืืจ ืืฉืื ืืฉืื. ืืืฉืื ืืงืืืฉื ืืืืจื ืขืืื ืื ืืฉืื ืืงืืืฉื ืงืื. ืืื ืืฉ ืืคืงืคืง ืืื ืืืืืจ ืืื ืงืืืฉื ืฆืจืืื ืืืงื ืืฉืื ืืืฉ. ืืขืื ืืฉ ืืคืงืคืงืื ืืื ืืฉืื ืืฉืฉื ืืืื ืืืจืืืื ืืงืืืฉื ืืืืจื ืืงืืืฉื ืงืื. ืืื ืข\"ื ืชื ืื ืืฉ ืืคืงืคืงืื. ืืื ืืืืืืจ ืืื ืืขืื ืืช ืืขืืจืืช ืืคืจืืืช ืืฉื ืงืืืฉืชื. ืืช ืืฉืจ ืืก\"ืช ืืฉื ืงืืืฉืช ืก\"ืช. ืืืฉืจ ืืชืคืืืื ืืชืคืืืื. ืืืฉืจ ืืืืืืืช ืืืืืืืช. ืื ืื ืื ืืคืฉืจ ืื ืืขืฉืืช ืื. ืืื ืืฉืขืช ืืืืง ืืฉ ืืกืืื ืขื ืืืืืจืื ืืกืื ืืฉืืืืจ ืืชืืืช ืืขืืืื ืืฉื ืงืืืฉืช ืก\"ืช ืืืฉื ืชืคืืืื ืืืฉื ืืืืื ืืืฉื ืขืืจ ืืืชืื. ืื ืฉืืืืจ ืืืจื ืชื ืื ืขืืจืืช ืืื ืื ื ืืขืื ืืฉื ืงืืืฉืช ืก\"ืช ืืื ื ืืชื ื ืฉืื ืืจืฆื ืืฉื ืืช ืืชืคืืืื ืื ืืืืืื ืื ืืืชืื ืืื' ืืจืฉืืช ืืืื (ืข' ืืงืืจื ื' ืืืช ื\"ื) (ืืข\"ื ืกืืื ื\"ื ืก\"ื ืืก\"ื):",
|
32 |
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"ื ืืื ืืืงืืง ืืงืืืฉืช ืืขืืืื ืืฉืื ืื ืืงืื ืฉืืคืฉืจ ืืืฆืื ืข\"ื ืืฉืจืื ืืื ืข\"ื ื ืืจื. ืืืขืค\"ื ืฉืืืฉืจืื ืืื ื ืืขืืื ืืืืคื ืืื ืื ืืจื (ืื ื ืืื ื) ืืื ืืืืฉ ืืืขืช ืืจืื\"ื ืืกืืขืชื' ืฉืคืืกืืื ืื ืขืืืื ืขืื\"ื ืืคื' ืืฉืจืื ืขืืื ืขื ืืื ืืืืืจ ืื ืขืืื ืืฉืื ืืฉืื ืื ืืจื ืืืขืชื ืื ืคืฉื' ืงืขืืื. ืืื ืืืงืื ืฉืืื ืขืืื ืืฉืจืื ืฉืืื ืืฉ ืืกืืื ืขื ืืคืืกืงืื ืฉืืืฉืืจืื ืื ืืฉืจืื ืขืืื ืข\"ื ืืืืืจ ืื ืขืืื ืื ืขืืจืืช ืืื ืืืชืื ืขืืืื ืก\"ืช ืืื' ืืืืจื' ืื ืืจื ืืกืชืื ืืืขืชื ืืืฉืจืื ืงืขืืื. ืืืืงื ืื ืืฆืื ืื ืืขืื\"ื ืืคืื ืืืื ืฉืืืข ืืื ืืืฉืืช ืืฉืจืื ืื ืืื ื ืืขืื\"ื. ืืื ืฆืจืื ืืืืืช ืกืืื ืืจืืข ืฉืืื ื ืืชื ืืช ืืขืืจืืช ืืชืื ืืกืื ืืื ืืื ื ืื ืฉืืืืจ ืื ืงืืื ืืื (ื ืื\"ืช ืกื' ืงืข\"ื) ืืื ืืฉ ืืืขืื\"ื ืคืืขืื' ื\"ื ืขืื\"ื ืืื ืฆืจืืืื ืื ืืคืืขืืื ืืื ืืขืืื ืฉื ืืฉืืื ืืฆืื ืืขืืื ืืฉืื (ืื ื\"ื ืืืื\"ืฉ) ืืืื ืื ืืคืฉืจ ืืกืืืข ืื ืืืฉืจืื ืงืฆืช ืืชืืืช ืืขืืืื ืืฉื ืืชื ื ืืชืื ืืกืื ืืืืืจ ืฉืืื ืขืืฉื ืืฉื ืก\"ืช ืืื'. ืืื ื ืืืืื. ืืื ืืื ืื ืืืื ืืืฉืจืื ืืกืืืขื ืงืฆืช ืืื ืืขืืืืืช ืืืืื ื ืืืชืืืชื ืืืจืืืชื ืืกืืืืช ืืืื ืืืืืื. ืืืืืขืื ืืคื' ืื ืกืืืขื ืืื ืืฉืจ ืื ืฆืื ืื ืืชืืื (ืืื ืื ืชืืืช ืืขืืืื ืื ืืื ืืฉืื ืื ืืืฉืจืื ืื ืืื ื ืขืื ืืขืฉืืชื ืืฉืื ืื\"ืฉ ืืกืขืืฃ ื'):",
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33 |
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"ืืฉืืขืืืื ืข\"ื ืขืื\"ื ืืกืื ืืขืืจืืช ืื ืงืืื ืืืจืฆืข ืืขืื ืืืชืืืช ืืื ืืืืฉืื ื ืื\"ื ืฉืื ืืืืืคื ืืืืืฃ ืืช ืืกืืื ืื ืืฉืื ืืืืจืชืช ืคื ืืืืจ ืืืฉืจ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝื ืืืืืขืช ืขืื ืฉืืฉ ืื ืืกืืื ืื ืื ืืคื ื ืฉืืื ืื ืงืืื ื ืขืฉื ืืืืฉ. ืืืฉ ืื ืฉืืืืจ ืฉืื ืืกืื ืืืจืฆืข ืืื ืืืจืืฅ ืืืชืืืช ืขื ืืจืืฉ ืืืคื ืื (ืืจืื ืฉืืืจ) ืขืื ืฆืจืืืื ืืืฉืืื ืืืื ืืืืจ ืืขืืืื ืื ืืคืขืืื ืืขืื\"ื ืื ืื ืืืืืชืื ืขื ืื ืงืื' ืฉืืื ืืขืืจ ืืืืืืชืื ืืื ืืกืชื' ืืขืืจ ืฉืื ื ืขืื ืืฉืื (ืืืืื ืื ืืืืืื) ืืืงืืฉื ืื ื ืืืจืื ืืืืจ ืืขืืืื ื\"ื ื ืื ืืฉืืฉ (ืืื\"ืฉ ืกื' ื\"ื ืก\"ืง ื\"ื):",
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34 |
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"ืฆืจืื ืฉืืืื ืืขืืืืื ืืขืคืฆื ืื ืืกืื ืืืืืฆื ืื ืืืืจืื ืฉืืืืฆืื ืืช ืืขืืจ ืืืืืืงืื ืืืชื. ืืฆืจืื ืืืืืจ ืฉืื ืื ืืช ืืขืืจ ืืกืื ืขื ืฉืืคืื ืืฉืขืจืืช ืืขืฆืื ืื ืข\"ื ืืจืืื ืืื ืืืฆืืื ืงืืื ืืื ืื ืืืชืื ืขืืื ืืฉืื ืืืื ืืืคืชืจื (ืืจืื ืฉืืืจ):",
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35 |
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"ืฉืืฉ ืขืืจืืช ืื. ืืืื ืืงืืฃ ืืืืืกืืกืืืช. ืืืฆื ืืขืืจ ืฉืื ืืืืจ ืขืืืืื ื ืงืจื ืืืื. ืืืืืื ืืงืืืื ืื ืืื ื ืืืืื ืฉืืืืจ ืฉืืขืืืจื ืืช ืืฉืขืจืืช ืื ืืขืืจ ืงืืื ืขืืืืื ืืื ืืืืงืื ืืืชื ืืขืืืื ืืฉื ืื ืืืื ืืฉื ื ืขืืจืืช. ืืื ืืง ืืืื ืฉืืืื ืืฉืขืจืืช ืื ืงืจื ืงืืฃ. ืืืื ืขื ืืืื ืฉืืืื ืืืฉืจ ืื ืงืจื ืืืืกืืกืืืช. ืืืื ืืืฉื ืืกืื ื ืฉืืืื ืืืชืืื ืก\"ืช ืขื ืืืืื ืืืงืื ืืฉืขืจืืช ืืชืคืืืื ืขื ืืงืืฃ ืืืงืื ืืืฉืจ ืืืืืื ืขื ืืืืกืืกืืืช ืืืงืื ืืฉืขืจืืช. ืืืขืค\"ื ืฉืื ืืื ืื\"ื ืื ืืชื ืก\"ืช ืขื ืืงืืฃ ืืฉืจื ืืื ื ืืืจ ืืืื ืืื ืืืขื ืืืืกืืกืืืช ืืื ืื ืืชื ืืืืื ืขื ืืงืืฃ ืื ืขื ืืืืื ืืฉืจื ืื ื ืืืจ ืืืืกืืกืืืช ืืื ืืืฆืื:",
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36 |
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"ืงืืคืื ืฉืื ื ืฉืืื ืืืืงืื ืืืชื ืืฉ ืืื ืืื ืงืืฃ ืืืืชืืื ืขืืืื ืืฆื ืืืฉืจ. ืื ืื ืฉืืืจืืื ืงืืืคืชื ืืขืืืื ื ืฉืืืงืื ืืฉืขืจืืช ืืื ื ืืื ืืื ืื ืฉืฆืจืืืื ืืชืงื ื ืืืืืืืงื ืืืคื' ืื ืืื ืืืืงืื ืืช ืืขืืจ ืืฉื ืื ืืื ืฆืจืืืื ืืืจื ืืื ื ืื ืืืฆื ืืืฉืจ ืืืจืืื ืืจืื ืขื ืฉืื ื ืฉืืจ ืืื ืืงืืฃ. ืืงืืฃ ืื ืืืืืจ ืื ืืืืื ืืืืชืืื ืขืืื ืืืชืืื ืก\"ืช ืืืื ืืืชืืื ืืืื ืื ื ืขื ืืืืื. ืืืฉืจ ืื ืืืืืื. ืืื ื ืฆืจืืืื ืืืืืจ ืืืจืื ืืืื ืืฆื ืืืฉืจ ืฉืื ืืฉืืจ ืฉื ืฉืื ืงืืืคื ืืงื ืืืงืื ืืืชืืื. ืืงืืืคื ืื ืืื ืืืืกืืกืืืช ืืื ืืชื ืขืืื ืืคื' ืจืง ืืืช ืืืช ืืื ืืก\"ืช ืืื ืืชืคืืืื ืืื ืืืืืื ืคืกืื. ืืืกืืื ืืื ืื ืฉืืืื ืืงืืืฃ ืืืืคืจืืฉ ืืืื ืืคื' ืงืืืคื ืืืื ืืฉืขืจื ืืื ืืืืกืืกืืืช (ื\"ื ืืก' ื ืืืขื ืฉื ืฉืืื ืืืก' ืืขืื ืืจืืืช):",
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37 |
+
"ืื ืฉืื ื ืืืชื ืขื ืงืืฃ ืื ืืืงืื ืืฉืขืจืืช. ืชืคืืืื ืก\"ืช ืื ืืืืื ืคืกืืืื (ืข' ืืืืืจื ืืืจื\"ืื):",
|
38 |
+
"ืืชื ืืงืฆืช ืก\"ืช ืขื ืืืืื ืืืงืฆืชื ืขื ืืงืืฃ ืคืกืื ืืคื ืฉืืื ืืื ืฉื ื ืกืคืจืื. ืืื ืื ืขืฉื ืืฆืื ืืืื ืืืฆืื ืฆืืืื ืคืโ ืขืืจ ืฆืื ืื ืฉื ืฉืืจ ืืื ืืขืค\"ื ืฉืืื ื ืืฆืื ืื ืืืืืืจ ืืฉืจ:",
|
39 |
+
"ืื ืฉื ืืื ืงืฆืช ืกืืคืจืื ืฉืืืจ ืขืืืื ืืงืืฃ ืืกืื ืืืฉืืื ืืืชื ืืฆืืข ืืื ืฉืงืืจืื ืืื ืืข\"ื ืื ืืื ืืืืง ืืืืืจ ืืืื ืืชื ืืืื ืืฉ ืื ืฉืืืฉืืจ ืืืฉ ืื ืฉืคืืกื ืืฉืื ืืืืืฅ ืืื ืืืชื ืืงืืฃ ืื ืืื ืืืืืืจ:"
|
40 |
+
],
|
41 |
+
[
|
42 |
+
"ืืืื ืืืฉื ืืกืื ื ืฉืืื ืืืชืืื ืก\"ืช ืชื\"ื ืืื ืืืื. ืืืืชืืื ืืื ืืขืฉืืชื ืืขื ืื ืื ืืงืืฆืื ืขืฉื ืฉื ืฉืื ืื ืื ืฉื ืืคืช ืื ืฉื ืฉืขืื ืืืืืฆื ืืื (ืื\"ื ืคืืืืจืืก ืื ืงืืื ืจืืก) ืืืืืืื ืืืชื ืืฉืจืฃ ืืืื (ืืืื) ืืืืขื ืืืฉ ืืืืชืชืื ืืืชื ืืจืื ืืืืื ืืืชื ืขื ืฉืืขืฉื ืจืงืืงืื ืืืืืฉืื ืืืชื ืืงืืื ืืืชืืื ืฉืืจืื ืืื ืขืคืฆืื ืืืืืฆื ืื ืืืืชื ืื ืฉืื ืชืืืงื ื ืืื' ื ืืืง. ืืืื ืืืื ืฉืืฆืื ืื ืืืืืืจ ืืืชืื ืื ืกืชื\"ื ืืื ืืชื ืฉืืฉืชื ืืื ืขืคืฆืื ืืงื ืงื ืชืื (ืงืืคืคืขืจ ืืืืกืกืจ) ืฉืืื ืขืืื ืืืื ื ื ืืืง ืืฉืจืื ืืื ื ืืืืื ืขืชื ืืขืฉืืช ืืช ืืืื ืืคื' ืืืชืืื ืืื ืขืคืฆืื ืืงืืืื (ืืืื) ืืงื ืงื ืชืื ืจืง ืฆืจืืืื ืืืฉืืื ืฉืชืื ืฉืืืจื ืืชืืืืช ืืฉืืืจ. ื\"ื ืื ืืืขืื ืืืืื ืฉื ืืืจื ืืืฉื ืืกืื ื ืฉืืืื ืืืชืื' ืืืื ืืืขื ืฉืืจ ืืื ื ืฆืืขืื ืื ืืืื ืืืืื ืืืืจืืง ืืืืืฆื ืืื ืืื ืืชื ืืคื' ืืืช ืืืช ืืฉืืจ ืืื ื ืฆืืขืื ืื ืื ืืืื ืืจื ืืื ืคืกืืืื. ืืื ืืกืืจ ืืืชืื ืฉืื ืฉื ืืชื \"ื ืฉืื ืืืื ืื\"ื ืืื ืืขืื ื ืืื ืจืง ืืก\"ืช:",
|
43 |
+
"ืืคื' ืืชื ืืชืืื ืืืื ืฉืืืจ ืืืืจ ืืื ื ืชืงืืงื ืืืื ืื ืขืฉื ืืืื ื ืื ืคืกืื (ืื ื ืืื ื ืืคืจื\"ื ืกื' ื\"ื ื\"ื ืก\"ืง ื\"ื) ืืฆืจืื ืืืฉืืื ืขื ืื ืืืืื ืื ืฉืืื ืืืื: ",
|
44 |
+
"ืืื ืืื ืฆืจืืืื ืืขืฉืืช ืืืชื ืืฉืื (ืืืจ ืขืฉืง) ืืื ื ืขืฉื ืืกืชื ืืื ื ืืฆื ืืืื ืืื ืื ืืืกืืจ ืื ื\"ื ืืืืจ ืฉืืงืืืฉื ืืืชืืืช ืืื ืฉืืืช ื ืืื ืืงืืฉ ืขืฆืืื ื ืืืืชืจ ืื ื ืืืืจืืืง ืื ืืืืขืืจ ืืื ืืืืื ืื (ืื\"ืฉ ืกื' ืงืก\"ื ืืกื' ืงืก\"ื):",
|
45 |
+
"ืื ืืจืง ืขืคืจืืช ืืื ืขื ืืืืชืืืช ืืขืืืจ ืืช ืืืื ืืืฉืืจ ืืชื ืืชืืชืื ืืืฉืจ (ืื\"ื ืกื' ื\"ื ืก\"ื ืืข' ื\"ืฉ ืื\"ื ืืงืื ืกื' ื' ืก\"ืง ื\"ื) ืืคื' ืืชืคืืืื ืืืืืืืช (ืคืจื\"ื) ืืื ืื ืืจืง ืืช ืืืื ืขื ืืืช ืืืืืจื ืืื ืื ืชืงื ื ืืคื ืฉืืกืืจ ืืืขืืืจ ืืช ืืืื ืืฉืื ืืืื ืืืืืง ืืช ืืฉื:",
|
46 |
+
"ืืืื ืืืฉื ืืกืื ื ืฉืก\"ืช ืืืืืื ืฆืจืืืื ืฉืจืืื ืืื ืืชืื ืืื ืฉืจืืื ืคืกืืืื. ืืฆืจืืืื ืืฉืจืื ืืืืจ ืฉืืื ืืืจืฅ ืืขืืฉื ืฉืจืืื (ืฉืืื ืืฉืื ืฉืจืืื ืืืฉืื ืฉืจืืื) ืืื ืืฉืจืื ืืขืืคืจืช ืืืืืฆื ืื ืฉืฆืืืข. ืืืฉ ืืืงืืง ืืฉืจืื ืืฉืื. ืื ืืชื ืืืื ืืขืืช ืืืจื ืฉื ืืืื ืชืืืืช ืื ืืืง ืืฉืจืืื ืืฉืจืื ืืืืฉ ืืืชื ืืืงืื (ืื ื\"ื) ืืื ืื ืชืืื ืชืืื ืื ืชืืืืช ืืก\"ืช ืืื ื ืฉืืื ืฆืจืื ืืฉืจืื ืฉื (ืืื\"ืฉ ืืื ื\"ื ืก\"ื) ืืืชืคืืืื ืืื ื ืฆืจืื ืืฉืจืื ื\"ื ืฉืืื ืืขืืืื ื ืื\"ื ืฉืฆืจืื ืืืขืื ืืืืื ืืื' ืฆืืืื ืืขืค\"ื ืฉืืืืข ืืืชืื ืืื ืฉืจืืื. ืืื ืืื ื ืืืืข ืืืฉืจ ืืฉืืืืช ืืื ืฉืจืืื ืืฉืจืื ืื ืืฉืืจืืช:",
|
47 |
+
"ืืงืืืืก ืืขืค\"ื ืฉืืืืจ ืฉืขืฉื ืื ืืืืืชื ืืื ื ื ืืืจืช ืืื ืืืชื. ื\"ื ืฆืจืืืื ืืืงืืง ืฉืชืื ืงืืืืก ื ืื. ืืฉ ืืืืจืื ืฉืืฉ ืืืชืื ืืงืืืืก ืฉื ืงื ื ืืื ืื ืืฆื ืืืื ื ืืืืื ืื ืืื ืืืชืืื ืื ืืฆื ืืืคื' ืืงืืืืก ืฉื ืืจืื. ืืืฉ ืืืกืชืคืง ืื ืืืชืจืื ืืืชืื ืื ืืฆื ืฉื ืขืืฃ ืืื (ืื\"ืฉ ืกืืฃ ืกื' ืงืก\"ื):",
|
48 |
+
"ืฆืจืื ืฉืืืชืื ืืืชื ืืืืื ืืื ืืชืื ืืฉืืื ืคืกืืืื. ืืื ืืื ืื ืจืง ืชืคืืืื ืฉื ืืชืื ืืฉืืื ืืื ืืคืฉืจ ืื ืืืฆืื ืืืจืื ืืืชืืืื ืืืืื ืื ืื ืืื ืืื ืืจืื (ื\"ืฉ ืืืข\"ื ืกื' ืงื\"ื ืกืง\"ื) ืืืืืจ ืื ืฉืืื ืืืื' ืืื ืืืื. ืืื ืืชื ืืืืื ืืขืืื ืคืกืืืื ืืื ืืื ืฉืืื ืืฉืชื ืืืื ืืืชืื ืืืืื ืืื ืืชื ืืฉืืื ืืฉืจืื (ืื\"ื) ืืื ืืืชื ืืืืื ืืฉืืจ ืืืืืชื ืขืืฉื ืืฉืืื ืื ืฉืืืชื ืืฉืืื ืืฉืืจ ืืืืืชื ืขืืฉื ืืืืื ืืื ืืงืืื ืืกืืคืจ ืืืืืขืื ืื ืืชื ืืฉืจ ืืื ืฉืืื ืืฉืชื ืืืื (ืคืจื\"ื) ืืขืฉื ืืื ืืืื ืฉืืื ืืื ืืชืคืก ืืช ืืงืืืืก ืืฉืคืชืื ืืืชื ืืคืกืื ืืคื' ืืื ืื ืืคืฉืจ ืืืฆืื ืืืจืื ืืคื ื ืฉืืื ืืจื ืืชืืื ืืื ืืคื (ืืจื\"ืข ืกื' ื\"ื):"
|
49 |
+
],
|
50 |
+
[
|
51 |
+
"ืก\"ืช ืชืคืืืื ืืืืืืืช ืฆืจืืืื ืืืชืื ืืืชื ืืืืื ื ืืืืื ืืฉืื. ืืฆืจืื ืฉืืืืจ ืื ืืคืื ืงืืื ืฉืืื ืืชืืื ืืืชืื. ืืืืื ื ืงืืื ืฉืืชืืื ืก\"ืช ืฆืจืื ืฉืืืืจ ืกืคืจ ืื ืื ื ืืืชื ืืฉื ืงืืืฉืช ืกืคืจ ืชืืจื. ืืืกืคืืง ืื ืืื ืืกืคืจ (ืืืื ืืฉืืืช ืืงืืืฉืืช ืฉืืื ืฆืจืื ืืืืืจ ืืืงืืฉื ืืืืงืื ืกื' ื') ืืื ืืชืคืืืื ืืืืืืืช ืืืืจ ืืฉื ืงืืืฉืช ืชืคืืืื ืื ืืืืื. ืืื ืื ืืืฆืื ืื ืืฉืคืชืื ืืื ืฉืืฉื ืื ืืืื ืืฉ ืคืืกืืื ืืคื' ืืืืขื' ืืืฉ ืืืฉืืจืื ืืืืขืื ืืื ื ืจืื ืขืืงืจ:",
|
52 |
+
"ืืฉืื ืื ืื ื ืื ืืืชืื ืื ืืฉืื ืืืื ื ืืืชื ืื ืืืืื ื (ืื\"ื ืกื' ื\"ื ืกื' ื\"ื) ืืื ืื ืฉืชื ืืืฉืงื ืืืฉืืจืช ืื ืืืชืื ืื ืืฉืื ืืืื ื ืืืื ืืืืื ืืจืืื (ืืื\"ืฉ ืกืืฃ ืืื ื\"ื):",
|
53 |
+
"ืื ืืืช ืืืืช ืฆืจืื ืืืืืช ืืื ื ืืชื ืืฉืื ืฉืืคื' ืื ืจืง ืืืขืืื ื ืืชื ืฉืื ืืฉืื ืืจืืื ืืฉืื ืคืกืื (ืืืจื\"ื ืืืช ื' ืืืจ ื') ืืื\"ืฉ ืื ืืงืฆืชื ื ืขืฉื ืฉืื ืข\"ื ืืชืืื ืืื ืืืื ืฉื ืคืื ืืคื ืืื ืืขืฉื ืืื ื ืืืื ืืืช ืฉืืื ืคืกืื (ืขืืื ืืงืืจื ื') (ืื ื\"ื ืืคืจ\"ื ืืืืข\"ื ืกื' ืงื\"ื) ืืืคื' ืื ืื\"ื ืืขืืืจ ืืงืืืืก ืขื ืื ืืืืช ืืฉืื ืื ืืื ื ืืืชื ืืขืืืื ืื ืืื ื (ืข' ืื\"ืจ ืืื ื' ืกื' ื\"ื):",
|
54 |
+
"ืงืืื ืฉืืชืืื ืืืชืื ืืื ืฉืื ืกื ืืช ืืงืืืืก ืฉืื ืืื' ืขืื' ืืื ืืืชืจ ืืืื ืืืงืืงื:",
|
55 |
+
"ืืฉืืืชื ืก\"ืช ืฆืจืื ืฉืืื' ืืคื ืื ืกืคืจ ืืืจ ืืืื ืืืื ืฉืืขืชืืง ืืื ื ืฉืืกืืจ ืืืชืื ืืคื' ืืืช ืืืช ืฉืื ืื ืืืชื. ืืื ืืืืจ ืื ืกืืคืจ ืฉืืื' ืื ืืืืฉ ืืืื ืืืื ืข\"ื ืืขื ืืืื ืืืืื ืฉืืขืชืืง ืืื ื. ืื\"ื ืืื ื ืฆืจืื ืืจืืืช ืื ืชืืื ืืคื ื ืขืฆืื ืืชืื ืืืขืชืง ืืื ืืืจื ืืืขืชืืงืื ืืืงืืื ืฉื ืื ืืฉืืฉื ืชืืืืช ืืืช ืืืช ืื ืืืชืจ ืืคื ืืจืืื ืืชืืจื (ืื ื ืืื ื) ืืื ืืชื ืฉืื ืื ืืืชื ืืฉ ืืืกืจืื ืืงืจืืช ืื ืฉืื ืืฉืขืช ืืืืง (ืืจ\"ื ืืฉื ืืจืืฉืืื) ืื\"ื ืืืืืขืื ืื ืคืกื (ืืจ\"ืจ ืื ืื):",
|
56 |
+
"ืืขืค\"ื ืฉืืื ืืืชื ืืชืื ืืืชื ืฆืจืื ื\"ื ืฉืืงืจื ืื ืชืืื ืืคืื ืงืืื ืฉืืืชืื ืืื ืฉืื ืืืขื (ืจืฉ\"ื ืืชืืก' ืืื ืืืช ืืฃ ื') ืืื ืืื ืฉืชืื ืงืืืฉืช ืืื ืงืจืืืช ืื ืชืืื ืืชืืื ืืืืฆื ืืคืื ื ืืฉืืช ืขื ืืืืชืืืช (ื\"ื) ืจืง ืืืจื ืคืืจืขื ืืืช ืืื ื ืฆืจืื ืืงืจื' ืืคืื (ืชืืก' ืืืจืืื):",
|
57 |
+
"ืืืืงืืง ืืืกืจืืช ืืืชืจืืช ืฉืื ืืชื ืืืื ืืกืจ ืื ืืืกืจ ืืื ืคืกื. ืืชืืื ืฉืืื ืงืจื ืืืชืื ืืืื ืื ืืืชื' ืืฉืืื ื ืืงืจืื ืื ืืฉืืื ื. ืืชืื ืืืขืคืืืื ืืงืจืื ืื ืืืืืืจืื. ืืืืืฆื ืืื ืฆืจืื ืืืชืื ืืคื ืืืชืื ืืื ืฉืื ื ืืืชื ืืคื ืืงืจื ืคืกื:",
|
58 |
+
"ืชืคืืืื ืืืืืืืช ืื ืฉืืืจืืช ืืคืจืฉืืืช ืืคืื ืืืชืจ ืืืชืื ืฉืื ืื ืืืชื ืจืง ืฉืืงืจื ืื ืชืืื ืืคืื:",
|
59 |
+
"ืืคื' ืืชืื ืืืชื ืืื ื ืจืฉืื ืืืชืื ืืื ืื ืฉืืื ืืืืข ืืงืจืืช ืฉืื ืืื ื ืืืืข ืืงืจืืช ืืขืค\"ื ืฉืืืืข ืืืชืื ืืช ืืืืชืืืช ืืืื ืืืขืืช ืืงื ืืืื ื ืืจืืืฉ:",
|
60 |
+
"ืืืชืจ ืืืืื ืืื ืื ืืืืช ืืืชืื ืืฉืืื ืฆืจืื ืืืื ืืฆืืจื ืืืชืืื ืื ืืคื' ืืืจืงื ืืืืืื ืื ืืื ืฆืจืื ืืื ืฉืชืืืฉ ืืืจ ืืืืื ืืืืื ืืช ืืกืคืจ ืืื ืืืชืื ืื ืืืจ ืืื ืืกืืจ (ืฉ\"ื) ืืื ืืฉื ืืกืืจ ืืืงื ืืื ืืคื' ืื ืจืืฆื ืืืชืื ืื ืฉื ืืืจ. ืื ืื ืืฉ ืื ืืื ืืืชืจ ืื ืืจืืื ืื ืืฉ ืืืงื ืืืคื' ืืืืื ืืฉืื ืืืชืืืชื ืื ื ืชืงืืฉ ืืื ืื ืฉืฆืจืื ืื ืืืืชืจื ืืงืืงื ืื' (ืื ื ืืื ื) (ืืข\"ื ืกื' ื' ืกืข\"ื):",
|
61 |
+
"ืืืชืื ืกืคืจืื ืชืคืืืื ืืืืืืืช ืฉืืื ืืื ืื ืืช ืืืจืืขื ืืื ืฉืชืชืืืฉ ืื ืืืคืื ืืืชื ืืืื ืืขืค\"ื ืฉืืื ืืชืืืื ืืื ืฉืื ืืขืื ืืืง ืขื ืืืชื ื\"ื ืืจื ืืืืื ืืื ืืื ืืื' ืคื ื ืืืชื ืืืขืื ืืืคืจืืฉ ืขืื' ืืื ืื ืืืคืื (ืจืื\"ื) ืืืืื ืืื ืืคืฉืจ ืืืคืื ืืช ืืืชื ืืื ืื ืืคืื ืืืื ืืืืื ืืคื (ื\"ื):"
|
62 |
+
]
|
63 |
+
],
|
64 |
+
"sectionNames": [
|
65 |
+
"Siman",
|
66 |
+
"Seif"
|
67 |
+
]
|
68 |
+
}
|
json/Halakhah/Acharonim/Keset HaSofer/Hebrew/merged.json
ADDED
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json/Halakhah/Acharonim/Kol Yaakov on Shulchan Arukh/Hebrew/Jerusalem, 1910.json
ADDED
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json/Halakhah/Acharonim/Kol Yaakov on Shulchan Arukh/Hebrew/merged.json
ADDED
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json/Halakhah/Acharonim/Kuntres Acharon on Shulchan Arukh HaRav/Hebrew/Kehot Publication Society.json
ADDED
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json/Halakhah/Acharonim/Kuntres Acharon on Shulchan Arukh HaRav/Hebrew/merged.json
ADDED
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json/Halakhah/Acharonim/Maaseh Rav/English/Sefaria Community Translation.json
ADDED
@@ -0,0 +1,381 @@
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|
1 |
+
{
|
2 |
+
"language": "en",
|
3 |
+
"title": "Maaseh Rav",
|
4 |
+
"versionSource": "https://www.sefaria.org",
|
5 |
+
"versionTitle": "Sefaria Community Translation",
|
6 |
+
"license": "CC0",
|
7 |
+
"versionTitleInHebrew": "ืชืจืืื ืงืืืืช ืกืคืจืื",
|
8 |
+
"actualLanguage": "en",
|
9 |
+
"languageFamilyName": "english",
|
10 |
+
"isBaseText": false,
|
11 |
+
"isSource": false,
|
12 |
+
"direction": "ltr",
|
13 |
+
"heTitle": "ืืขืฉื ืจื",
|
14 |
+
"categories": [
|
15 |
+
"Halakhah",
|
16 |
+
"Acharonim"
|
17 |
+
],
|
18 |
+
"text": [
|
19 |
+
[
|
20 |
+
"To arise at midnight and recite Tikkun Chatzot."
|
21 |
+
],
|
22 |
+
[
|
23 |
+
"One who is awake the whole night, washes his hands and blesses [the morning blessings], but not the blessings on the Torah. If he then sleeps by day, he must say the blessings on the Torah [upon arising].\n"
|
24 |
+
],
|
25 |
+
[
|
26 |
+
"The main part of washing one's hands was instituted for prayer. Therefore, one should wash and make a blessing for each prayer. And ideally one should be stringent to was with a vessel as one does for eating. And in the morning one should say the blessing before praying, and one shouldn't say it immediately upon waking when his intention is not to pray right away. But that's only if he knows for sure he will not forget to say it."
|
27 |
+
],
|
28 |
+
[
|
29 |
+
"In washing one's hands, both in the morning and for a meal, the right hand should be first.\n"
|
30 |
+
],
|
31 |
+
[
|
32 |
+
"In the morning, one should pour 4 times. Three times to remove evil spirits, and a fourth time to purify the water which became impure."
|
33 |
+
],
|
34 |
+
[
|
35 |
+
"The blessing Elokai Neshama (My G-d, the soul you placed in me) should be said together with the blessing Asher Yatzar (Who formed man with wisdom). [See Biurei haGra Shulchan Orach Orach Chaim 4:3]"
|
36 |
+
],
|
37 |
+
[
|
38 |
+
"All of the blessings from \"who gives wisdom\" until \"vayidaber\" (Editor: I am unsure what he means. Perhaps the sacrifices.) one can say immediately upon arising from bed even before daylight. For \"Vayidaber\" one should wait until daylight. (See Magen Avraham 46:13)"
|
39 |
+
],
|
40 |
+
[
|
41 |
+
"The blessing on the Torah, one should say it before reading the daily sacrifice (See the Gra's comment on Shulchan Aruch Orach Chaim 46:17) If one wants to learn before daylight, one should say the blessings on the Torah after the order of the morning blessings before one learns."
|
42 |
+
],
|
43 |
+
[
|
44 |
+
"All of the morning blessings, if one forgot to say them immediately, one has opportunity to say them all day and the night until going to sleep, except the blessing on Torah for which one fulfills his obligation with Ahava Raba (Great Love, the blessing before Shema in the morning). (See Biurei HaGra 47:7). Thus on Yom Kippur, when one does not say 'Who met all my needs' and 'Who removes sleep', one should say these at night upon putting on leather shoes and washing one's face (See Biurei HaGra 46:15)"
|
45 |
+
],
|
46 |
+
[
|
47 |
+
"Going to a bath house is not an interruption for one's blessing on the Torah, and all the moreso sleep. (See Biurei HaGra 47:9-11)"
|
48 |
+
],
|
49 |
+
[
|
50 |
+
"Distinctions on the text of the morning blessings: \"Who gives the rooster etc.\" \"Who provided me with all my needs.\" \"Who prepares the steps of man.\" And we say \"multiple times every day Hear Israel you are\" or \"multiple times every day Hashem is our G-d Hashem is one you are etc.\" (Citation) Blessed are you Hashem, who sanctifies his name with the masses."
|
51 |
+
],
|
52 |
+
[
|
53 |
+
"After saying the portion of the Tamid, to say the verse 'v'hifshit' until 'reiach nichoach'"
|
54 |
+
],
|
55 |
+
[
|
56 |
+
"Tzitzit should be 12 thumbs-width long, and the wrapped/knotted portion one third (of this total, so 4 thumbs-widths). Each wrapped portion was one thumb-width."
|
57 |
+
],
|
58 |
+
[
|
59 |
+
"Every time he wraps himself in a tallit, he says the blessing, even many times in a day. (See Biurei HaGra 8:28) "
|
60 |
+
],
|
61 |
+
[
|
62 |
+
"He blesses, and wears, and covers his head with the tallit, but he does not need to wrap himself as the Ishmaelites wrap. (See Biurei HaGra Orach Chaim 8:4)"
|
63 |
+
],
|
64 |
+
[
|
65 |
+
"Also for a small tallit (the poncho-like undergarment) the text of the blessing is 'to wrap oneself in fringes'. (See there (Biurei HaGra OC 8) seif 14)"
|
66 |
+
],
|
67 |
+
[
|
68 |
+
"Don't hang on linen garments don't hang from them any tzitzis (Citation). However, make a small wool tallis with linen tzitzis strings, and if it is not from other varieties (of cloth) with linen tzitzis strings. And wear it under his clothes like a large tallis made of cotton."
|
69 |
+
],
|
70 |
+
[
|
71 |
+
"The time for putting on tefillin is like 'Others\" in Berachot 9. One should wear them all day, and even to do business in them is permitted, and snacking is also permitted. But idle activities are prohibited. If one is worried this seems haughty before other people, one may wear only the hand tefillin. In any case, it is better to wear a small head tefillin and keep the straps covered than to walk with only the hand tefillin."
|
72 |
+
],
|
73 |
+
[
|
74 |
+
"The compartments of the head tefillin need to be open and not glued."
|
75 |
+
],
|
76 |
+
[
|
77 |
+
"The higher tefillin are on the head, the more praiseworthy. And the knot needs to be below the base of the skull."
|
78 |
+
],
|
79 |
+
[
|
80 |
+
"The place of the hand tefillin is in the half of the (upper) arm. Meaning, the middle half to the exclusion of the (upper) armโs top quarter and the (upper) armโs bottom quarter. (See Shulchan Aruch 27:5 and 27:19):"
|
81 |
+
],
|
82 |
+
[
|
83 |
+
"If one spoke (between putting on arm and head tefillin) he recites two blessings, and if he did not speak, he recites one blessing, in accordance with Rashi of blessed memory. For if he did not speak he recites on both hand and head one (blessing of) 'to place tefillin', but if he spoke, he recites on the head (a separate blessing of) 'on the mitzva of tefillin'."
|
84 |
+
],
|
85 |
+
[
|
86 |
+
"One needs to bless each time he puts on (tefillin) even many times in a day."
|
87 |
+
],
|
88 |
+
[
|
89 |
+
"One may urinate in tefillin when they are on his head in a temporary bathroom as is explained in Shulchan Aruch."
|
90 |
+
],
|
91 |
+
[
|
92 |
+
"One should pray the morning service at 'V'Tikin' (sunrise), but only with a quorum of ten. "
|
93 |
+
],
|
94 |
+
[
|
95 |
+
"The prayer leader should begin from 'Baruch Sh'amar\" and don't say from 'Mizmor shir chanukat habayit'. Other verses should not be recited communally neither before nor after prayer except the Song of the Day (shir shel yom)."
|
96 |
+
],
|
97 |
+
[
|
98 |
+
"One may sit during the Verses of Praise until the kaddish before Barchu."
|
99 |
+
],
|
100 |
+
[
|
101 |
+
"In 'Pesukei Dezimra' the phrase \"You, GD, don't withhold Your mercy from me\" is with a Yud, and one who says it with a Vav is in error [Lit: on his hand]. In the paragraph of 'Ashrei' the phrase \"They will recount your bountiful goodness\" contains two Segol (vowels). (Presumably on the word 'Zecher')"
|
102 |
+
],
|
103 |
+
[
|
104 |
+
"In the Song at the Sea, recite until 'Hashem rules forever and ever' and say after it 'to Hashem is the kingship' and do not say the verse 'for Pharaoh's horse came'."
|
105 |
+
],
|
106 |
+
[
|
107 |
+
"Do not say \"and in your Torah it is written to say 'Hear O Israel...'\" before Yishtabach, because there should be from 'and he saved' until 'Hashem reigns' 18 mentions of G-d's name, and from 'Az Yashir' until 'Yishtabach' also 18 names and no more."
|
108 |
+
],
|
109 |
+
[
|
110 |
+
"Do not say the 13 Praises (of Yishtabach) in one breath. Only do not interrupt between them with speech, Heaven forbid."
|
111 |
+
],
|
112 |
+
[
|
113 |
+
"\"Life of the worlds\" (at the end of Yishtabach) is with a 'Tzeirei' vowel underneath the letter 'Chet.'"
|
114 |
+
],
|
115 |
+
[
|
116 |
+
"One should daven communally and skip like was written in Shulchan Aruch. And on this was explained one should say 'Baruch Shemar' and 'Tehilah L'Dovid' (Ashrei) and 'Yishtabach' for if he will with start 'Yotzer Ohr' the blessings of 'Pesukei Dezimera' will be cut out."
|
117 |
+
],
|
118 |
+
[
|
119 |
+
"(In the passage 'Tisbarach Tzureinu') the proper text is \"B'Eimah Ritzon Konam\" and not \"Koneihem\": "
|
120 |
+
],
|
121 |
+
[
|
122 |
+
"One is able to answer 'Amen' when he hears the blessing even after 'Yotzer Ohr' to whichever 'Amen' he desires except for after 'Shira Chadasha' (prior to Shemonah Esrei) is begun. "
|
123 |
+
],
|
124 |
+
[
|
125 |
+
"Release from the nostril or the ear is not considered a \"release\" concerning the recitation of 'Keriat Shema' and prayer, for if you would think that it was considered a \"release\" you would need to distance yourself four Amos:"
|
126 |
+
],
|
127 |
+
[
|
128 |
+
"One should have in mind prior to reciting 'Kriat Shema' to fulfill their requirement to recite 'Kriat Shema': "
|
129 |
+
],
|
130 |
+
[
|
131 |
+
"[Translation In Progress] If one performed 'Kriat Shema' like the opinion of 'Beit Shammai' he has not done (the mitzvah of Kriat Shema) and (it is as if) he has done nothing. Meaning, he does not receive reward because he accepted upon himself the stringency of 'Beit Shammai' like Jonah found when it was there that 'Beit Hillel' conceded but disagreed in regards to unintentional sin. But here, it does not seem to 'Beit Hillel' the ideas of 'Beit Shammai' at all, and from this is a proof from if so, we would have the practice to not maintain the mitzvah of 'Succah' from 'your days'. But certainly one is not required to go back and repeat 'Kriat Shema':"
|
132 |
+
],
|
133 |
+
[
|
134 |
+
"During โKriat Shemaโ one grasps the two tzitzit strings which are before him and does not kiss (the strings) at all."
|
135 |
+
],
|
136 |
+
[
|
137 |
+
"[Translation in Progress] And how much liquid emerges (to be) urine? A fourth. And from here, even many times if the urine is less (than the water) it is nullified in the water (as it is the majority)."
|
138 |
+
],
|
139 |
+
[
|
140 |
+
"One should pray with proper focus and intention for each and every word and have in mind the meaning of the words. If a (foreign) thought enters one's mind during prayer they should stand until the thought passes. One is not required to have the proper intention for all the names (of G-d), only โAdon HaKolโ:"
|
141 |
+
],
|
142 |
+
[
|
143 |
+
"In the แธฅazzanโs repetition (of shemona esrei) the แธฅazzan says prior to the prayer โHashem Siftaiโ and at the end โYehyu LโRatzonโ:"
|
144 |
+
],
|
145 |
+
[
|
146 |
+
"One should listen to 18 blessings (of โshemoneh esreiโ) from the แธฅazzanโs voice and from within a siddur. One should respond โamenโ after each blessing and should not respond โBarukh Hu UโBarukh Shemoโ (Blessed is He and Blessed is His name) as the แธฅazzan does not wait until the community stops (saying the words) and therefore cuts off the repetition of the blessings. "
|
147 |
+
],
|
148 |
+
[
|
149 |
+
"'Nekadesh' or 'Nareitzicha' (in 'Kedusha') until 'V'Amar' is only said by the แธฅazzan alone, and the community is silent and listens to the แธฅazzan."
|
150 |
+
],
|
151 |
+
[
|
152 |
+
"'Modim DโRabanan' should be concluded with the name of G-d - \"Blessed are You G-d, the Almighty to Whom all thanks are due.\" (See the Gra's comments on Shulchan Aruch 127:2) and the blessing of 'Borei Nephashot Rabot' is also concluded with the name of G-d."
|
153 |
+
],
|
154 |
+
[
|
155 |
+
"The Blessing of 'Birkat Cohanim' should be heard from the mouth of the แธฅazzan and one should respond 'Kein Yehi Ratzon' (It shall be His will)."
|
156 |
+
],
|
157 |
+
[
|
158 |
+
"One is able to respond to Kadesh, Kedusha, and Amen when one hears (the prayer) from house to house, even when there is a physical barrier in the way as brought up in Shulchan Aruch (55:20), (when it discusses responding to blessings) despite being unable to see (the person making the blessing). "
|
159 |
+
],
|
160 |
+
[
|
161 |
+
"Distinctions in the text of the prayer: 'V'Konei Hakol'. 'B'Kedusha U'Shevachecha'. 'Birchat HaShanim' and 'V'Shabeinu M'Tuvecha'. 'Birchat V'Lamalshinim... V'Kol HaRasha' etc, 'V'Kol Oivecha Meheira Yichareitu V'HaZeidim' etc. 'Al HaNisim V'Al HaPurkan' ?. 'Bimei Mordechai K'Sheamad Aleihem Haman'. 'V'Hashavot Lo Et Gamulo Al Rosho'. 'V'Kol HaChaim' with a Kamatz vowel under the letter Kaph. "
|
162 |
+
],
|
163 |
+
[
|
164 |
+
"In Tachanun one should not say the verse 'V'Yomer Dovid' as it is said regarding retribution, rather one should begin the prayer with 'Rachum V'Chanun'."
|
165 |
+
],
|
166 |
+
[
|
167 |
+
"Also at Shachrit one should use their left hand to fall on their face (during Tachanun). (As is written in Shulchan Aruch 131:5). And one does not say 'Shomer Yisrael' unless it is a communal fast day. "
|
168 |
+
],
|
169 |
+
[],
|
170 |
+
[],
|
171 |
+
[],
|
172 |
+
[],
|
173 |
+
[],
|
174 |
+
[],
|
175 |
+
[],
|
176 |
+
[],
|
177 |
+
[],
|
178 |
+
[],
|
179 |
+
[],
|
180 |
+
[],
|
181 |
+
[
|
182 |
+
"For Mincha and also for Maariv wash hands and bless (make a bracha) on the washing of the hands, And pray Mincha with Tallis and Teffilin of Rashi Z\"L."
|
183 |
+
],
|
184 |
+
[],
|
185 |
+
[],
|
186 |
+
[],
|
187 |
+
[],
|
188 |
+
[],
|
189 |
+
[],
|
190 |
+
[],
|
191 |
+
[],
|
192 |
+
[],
|
193 |
+
[],
|
194 |
+
[],
|
195 |
+
[],
|
196 |
+
[],
|
197 |
+
[],
|
198 |
+
[],
|
199 |
+
[],
|
200 |
+
[],
|
201 |
+
[],
|
202 |
+
[],
|
203 |
+
[],
|
204 |
+
[],
|
205 |
+
[],
|
206 |
+
[],
|
207 |
+
[
|
208 |
+
"The third completing bracha in (birkas hamazon) is \"Build Jerusalem Amen\" (meaning instead of saying \"Boneh Berachamav Yerushalyim\" it is \"Boneh Yerushalayim\""
|
209 |
+
],
|
210 |
+
[],
|
211 |
+
[],
|
212 |
+
[],
|
213 |
+
[],
|
214 |
+
[],
|
215 |
+
[],
|
216 |
+
[],
|
217 |
+
[],
|
218 |
+
[],
|
219 |
+
[],
|
220 |
+
[],
|
221 |
+
[],
|
222 |
+
[],
|
223 |
+
[],
|
224 |
+
[],
|
225 |
+
[],
|
226 |
+
[],
|
227 |
+
[],
|
228 |
+
[],
|
229 |
+
[],
|
230 |
+
[],
|
231 |
+
[],
|
232 |
+
[],
|
233 |
+
[],
|
234 |
+
[],
|
235 |
+
[],
|
236 |
+
[],
|
237 |
+
[],
|
238 |
+
[],
|
239 |
+
[],
|
240 |
+
[],
|
241 |
+
[],
|
242 |
+
[],
|
243 |
+
[],
|
244 |
+
[],
|
245 |
+
[],
|
246 |
+
[],
|
247 |
+
[],
|
248 |
+
[],
|
249 |
+
[],
|
250 |
+
[],
|
251 |
+
[],
|
252 |
+
[],
|
253 |
+
[],
|
254 |
+
[],
|
255 |
+
[],
|
256 |
+
[],
|
257 |
+
[],
|
258 |
+
[],
|
259 |
+
[],
|
260 |
+
[],
|
261 |
+
[],
|
262 |
+
[],
|
263 |
+
[],
|
264 |
+
[],
|
265 |
+
[],
|
266 |
+
[],
|
267 |
+
[],
|
268 |
+
[],
|
269 |
+
[],
|
270 |
+
[],
|
271 |
+
[],
|
272 |
+
[],
|
273 |
+
[],
|
274 |
+
[],
|
275 |
+
[],
|
276 |
+
[],
|
277 |
+
[],
|
278 |
+
[],
|
279 |
+
[],
|
280 |
+
[],
|
281 |
+
[],
|
282 |
+
[],
|
283 |
+
[],
|
284 |
+
[],
|
285 |
+
[],
|
286 |
+
[],
|
287 |
+
[],
|
288 |
+
[],
|
289 |
+
[],
|
290 |
+
[],
|
291 |
+
[],
|
292 |
+
[],
|
293 |
+
[],
|
294 |
+
[],
|
295 |
+
[],
|
296 |
+
[],
|
297 |
+
[],
|
298 |
+
[],
|
299 |
+
[],
|
300 |
+
[],
|
301 |
+
[],
|
302 |
+
[],
|
303 |
+
[],
|
304 |
+
[],
|
305 |
+
[],
|
306 |
+
[],
|
307 |
+
[],
|
308 |
+
[],
|
309 |
+
[],
|
310 |
+
[],
|
311 |
+
[],
|
312 |
+
[],
|
313 |
+
[],
|
314 |
+
[],
|
315 |
+
[],
|
316 |
+
[],
|
317 |
+
[],
|
318 |
+
[],
|
319 |
+
[],
|
320 |
+
[],
|
321 |
+
[],
|
322 |
+
[],
|
323 |
+
[],
|
324 |
+
[],
|
325 |
+
[],
|
326 |
+
[],
|
327 |
+
[],
|
328 |
+
[],
|
329 |
+
[],
|
330 |
+
[],
|
331 |
+
[],
|
332 |
+
[],
|
333 |
+
[],
|
334 |
+
[],
|
335 |
+
[],
|
336 |
+
[],
|
337 |
+
[],
|
338 |
+
[],
|
339 |
+
[],
|
340 |
+
[],
|
341 |
+
[],
|
342 |
+
[],
|
343 |
+
[],
|
344 |
+
[],
|
345 |
+
[],
|
346 |
+
[],
|
347 |
+
[],
|
348 |
+
[],
|
349 |
+
[],
|
350 |
+
[],
|
351 |
+
[],
|
352 |
+
[],
|
353 |
+
[],
|
354 |
+
[],
|
355 |
+
[],
|
356 |
+
[],
|
357 |
+
[
|
358 |
+
"The time to light Candles for Chanukkah is when the sun sets (Shkiah). Before Nightfall (Tzeis Hakochavim) Therefore, we light before prayer of Maariv. "
|
359 |
+
],
|
360 |
+
[
|
361 |
+
"Half hour after the time (people are) walking from the market, light without a bracha."
|
362 |
+
],
|
363 |
+
[],
|
364 |
+
[
|
365 |
+
"Candle (lighting) of Chanukkah (comes) before lighting candle Shabbos, and before Havdalah."
|
366 |
+
],
|
367 |
+
[
|
368 |
+
"The text for the Blessing is \"L'Hadlik Ner Chanukkah\" (Instead of \"L'Hadlik Ner Shel Chanukkah\")"
|
369 |
+
],
|
370 |
+
[
|
371 |
+
"Bless (make the bracha) every day on the main (candle), for it is on the hand-breadth next to the door, and not on the additional (candle)."
|
372 |
+
],
|
373 |
+
[
|
374 |
+
"Psalm of the day for all eight days of Chanukkah is (Psalm 30) \"A song for dedication\" "
|
375 |
+
]
|
376 |
+
],
|
377 |
+
"sectionNames": [
|
378 |
+
"Siman",
|
379 |
+
"Paragraph"
|
380 |
+
]
|
381 |
+
}
|
json/Halakhah/Acharonim/Maaseh Rav/English/merged.json
ADDED
@@ -0,0 +1,380 @@
|
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|
|
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|
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|
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|
|
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|
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|
|
|
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|
|
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|
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|
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|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
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|
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|
1 |
+
{
|
2 |
+
"title": "Maaseh Rav",
|
3 |
+
"language": "en",
|
4 |
+
"versionTitle": "merged",
|
5 |
+
"versionSource": "https://www.sefaria.org/Maaseh_Rav",
|
6 |
+
"text": [
|
7 |
+
[
|
8 |
+
"To arise at midnight and recite Tikkun Chatzot."
|
9 |
+
],
|
10 |
+
[
|
11 |
+
"One who is awake the whole night, washes his hands and blesses [the morning blessings], but not the blessings on the Torah. If he then sleeps by day, he must say the blessings on the Torah [upon arising].\n"
|
12 |
+
],
|
13 |
+
[
|
14 |
+
"The main part of washing one's hands was instituted for prayer. Therefore, one should wash and make a blessing for each prayer. And ideally one should be stringent to was with a vessel as one does for eating. And in the morning one should say the blessing before praying, and one shouldn't say it immediately upon waking when his intention is not to pray right away. But that's only if he knows for sure he will not forget to say it."
|
15 |
+
],
|
16 |
+
[
|
17 |
+
"In washing one's hands, both in the morning and for a meal, the right hand should be first.\n"
|
18 |
+
],
|
19 |
+
[
|
20 |
+
"In the morning, one should pour 4 times. Three times to remove evil spirits, and a fourth time to purify the water which became impure."
|
21 |
+
],
|
22 |
+
[
|
23 |
+
"The blessing Elokai Neshama (My G-d, the soul you placed in me) should be said together with the blessing Asher Yatzar (Who formed man with wisdom). [See Biurei haGra Shulchan Orach Orach Chaim 4:3]"
|
24 |
+
],
|
25 |
+
[
|
26 |
+
"All of the blessings from \"who gives wisdom\" until \"vayidaber\" (Editor: I am unsure what he means. Perhaps the sacrifices.) one can say immediately upon arising from bed even before daylight. For \"Vayidaber\" one should wait until daylight. (See Magen Avraham 46:13)"
|
27 |
+
],
|
28 |
+
[
|
29 |
+
"The blessing on the Torah, one should say it before reading the daily sacrifice (See the Gra's comment on Shulchan Aruch Orach Chaim 46:17) If one wants to learn before daylight, one should say the blessings on the Torah after the order of the morning blessings before one learns."
|
30 |
+
],
|
31 |
+
[
|
32 |
+
"All of the morning blessings, if one forgot to say them immediately, one has opportunity to say them all day and the night until going to sleep, except the blessing on Torah for which one fulfills his obligation with Ahava Raba (Great Love, the blessing before Shema in the morning). (See Biurei HaGra 47:7). Thus on Yom Kippur, when one does not say 'Who met all my needs' and 'Who removes sleep', one should say these at night upon putting on leather shoes and washing one's face (See Biurei HaGra 46:15)"
|
33 |
+
],
|
34 |
+
[
|
35 |
+
"Going to a bath house is not an interruption for one's blessing on the Torah, and all the moreso sleep. (See Biurei HaGra 47:9-11)"
|
36 |
+
],
|
37 |
+
[
|
38 |
+
"Distinctions on the text of the morning blessings: \"Who gives the rooster etc.\" \"Who provided me with all my needs.\" \"Who prepares the steps of man.\" And we say \"multiple times every day Hear Israel you are\" or \"multiple times every day Hashem is our G-d Hashem is one you are etc.\" (Citation) Blessed are you Hashem, who sanctifies his name with the masses."
|
39 |
+
],
|
40 |
+
[
|
41 |
+
"After saying the portion of the Tamid, to say the verse 'v'hifshit' until 'reiach nichoach'"
|
42 |
+
],
|
43 |
+
[
|
44 |
+
"Tzitzit should be 12 thumbs-width long, and the wrapped/knotted portion one third (of this total, so 4 thumbs-widths). Each wrapped portion was one thumb-width."
|
45 |
+
],
|
46 |
+
[
|
47 |
+
"Every time he wraps himself in a tallit, he says the blessing, even many times in a day. (See Biurei HaGra 8:28) "
|
48 |
+
],
|
49 |
+
[
|
50 |
+
"He blesses, and wears, and covers his head with the tallit, but he does not need to wrap himself as the Ishmaelites wrap. (See Biurei HaGra Orach Chaim 8:4)"
|
51 |
+
],
|
52 |
+
[
|
53 |
+
"Also for a small tallit (the poncho-like undergarment) the text of the blessing is 'to wrap oneself in fringes'. (See there (Biurei HaGra OC 8) seif 14)"
|
54 |
+
],
|
55 |
+
[
|
56 |
+
"Don't hang on linen garments don't hang from them any tzitzis (Citation). However, make a small wool tallis with linen tzitzis strings, and if it is not from other varieties (of cloth) with linen tzitzis strings. And wear it under his clothes like a large tallis made of cotton."
|
57 |
+
],
|
58 |
+
[
|
59 |
+
"The time for putting on tefillin is like 'Others\" in Berachot 9. One should wear them all day, and even to do business in them is permitted, and snacking is also permitted. But idle activities are prohibited. If one is worried this seems haughty before other people, one may wear only the hand tefillin. In any case, it is better to wear a small head tefillin and keep the straps covered than to walk with only the hand tefillin."
|
60 |
+
],
|
61 |
+
[
|
62 |
+
"The compartments of the head tefillin need to be open and not glued."
|
63 |
+
],
|
64 |
+
[
|
65 |
+
"The higher tefillin are on the head, the more praiseworthy. And the knot needs to be below the base of the skull."
|
66 |
+
],
|
67 |
+
[
|
68 |
+
"The place of the hand tefillin is in the half of the (upper) arm. Meaning, the middle half to the exclusion of the (upper) armโs top quarter and the (upper) armโs bottom quarter. (See Shulchan Aruch 27:5 and 27:19):"
|
69 |
+
],
|
70 |
+
[
|
71 |
+
"If one spoke (between putting on arm and head tefillin) he recites two blessings, and if he did not speak, he recites one blessing, in accordance with Rashi of blessed memory. For if he did not speak he recites on both hand and head one (blessing of) 'to place tefillin', but if he spoke, he recites on the head (a separate blessing of) 'on the mitzva of tefillin'."
|
72 |
+
],
|
73 |
+
[
|
74 |
+
"One needs to bless each time he puts on (tefillin) even many times in a day."
|
75 |
+
],
|
76 |
+
[
|
77 |
+
"One may urinate in tefillin when they are on his head in a temporary bathroom as is explained in Shulchan Aruch."
|
78 |
+
],
|
79 |
+
[
|
80 |
+
"One should pray the morning service at 'V'Tikin' (sunrise), but only with a quorum of ten. "
|
81 |
+
],
|
82 |
+
[
|
83 |
+
"The prayer leader should begin from 'Baruch Sh'amar\" and don't say from 'Mizmor shir chanukat habayit'. Other verses should not be recited communally neither before nor after prayer except the Song of the Day (shir shel yom)."
|
84 |
+
],
|
85 |
+
[
|
86 |
+
"One may sit during the Verses of Praise until the kaddish before Barchu."
|
87 |
+
],
|
88 |
+
[
|
89 |
+
"In 'Pesukei Dezimra' the phrase \"You, GD, don't withhold Your mercy from me\" is with a Yud, and one who says it with a Vav is in error [Lit: on his hand]. In the paragraph of 'Ashrei' the phrase \"They will recount your bountiful goodness\" contains two Segol (vowels). (Presumably on the word 'Zecher')"
|
90 |
+
],
|
91 |
+
[
|
92 |
+
"In the Song at the Sea, recite until 'Hashem rules forever and ever' and say after it 'to Hashem is the kingship' and do not say the verse 'for Pharaoh's horse came'."
|
93 |
+
],
|
94 |
+
[
|
95 |
+
"Do not say \"and in your Torah it is written to say 'Hear O Israel...'\" before Yishtabach, because there should be from 'and he saved' until 'Hashem reigns' 18 mentions of G-d's name, and from 'Az Yashir' until 'Yishtabach' also 18 names and no more."
|
96 |
+
],
|
97 |
+
[
|
98 |
+
"Do not say the 13 Praises (of Yishtabach) in one breath. Only do not interrupt between them with speech, Heaven forbid."
|
99 |
+
],
|
100 |
+
[
|
101 |
+
"\"Life of the worlds\" (at the end of Yishtabach) is with a 'Tzeirei' vowel underneath the letter 'Chet.'"
|
102 |
+
],
|
103 |
+
[
|
104 |
+
"One should daven communally and skip like was written in Shulchan Aruch. And on this was explained one should say 'Baruch Shemar' and 'Tehilah L'Dovid' (Ashrei) and 'Yishtabach' for if he will with start 'Yotzer Ohr' the blessings of 'Pesukei Dezimera' will be cut out."
|
105 |
+
],
|
106 |
+
[
|
107 |
+
"(In the passage 'Tisbarach Tzureinu') the proper text is \"B'Eimah Ritzon Konam\" and not \"Koneihem\": "
|
108 |
+
],
|
109 |
+
[
|
110 |
+
"One is able to answer 'Amen' when he hears the blessing even after 'Yotzer Ohr' to whichever 'Amen' he desires except for after 'Shira Chadasha' (prior to Shemonah Esrei) is begun. "
|
111 |
+
],
|
112 |
+
[
|
113 |
+
"Release from the nostril or the ear is not considered a \"release\" concerning the recitation of 'Keriat Shema' and prayer, for if you would think that it was considered a \"release\" you would need to distance yourself four Amos:"
|
114 |
+
],
|
115 |
+
[
|
116 |
+
"One should have in mind prior to reciting 'Kriat Shema' to fulfill their requirement to recite 'Kriat Shema': "
|
117 |
+
],
|
118 |
+
[
|
119 |
+
"[Translation In Progress] If one performed 'Kriat Shema' like the opinion of 'Beit Shammai' he has not done (the mitzvah of Kriat Shema) and (it is as if) he has done nothing. Meaning, he does not receive reward because he accepted upon himself the stringency of 'Beit Shammai' like Jonah found when it was there that 'Beit Hillel' conceded but disagreed in regards to unintentional sin. But here, it does not seem to 'Beit Hillel' the ideas of 'Beit Shammai' at all, and from this is a proof from if so, we would have the practice to not maintain the mitzvah of 'Succah' from 'your days'. But certainly one is not required to go back and repeat 'Kriat Shema':"
|
120 |
+
],
|
121 |
+
[
|
122 |
+
"During โKriat Shemaโ one grasps the two tzitzit strings which are before him and does not kiss (the strings) at all."
|
123 |
+
],
|
124 |
+
[
|
125 |
+
"[Translation in Progress] And how much liquid emerges (to be) urine? A fourth. And from here, even many times if the urine is less (than the water) it is nullified in the water (as it is the majority)."
|
126 |
+
],
|
127 |
+
[
|
128 |
+
"One should pray with proper focus and intention for each and every word and have in mind the meaning of the words. If a (foreign) thought enters one's mind during prayer they should stand until the thought passes. One is not required to have the proper intention for all the names (of G-d), only โAdon HaKolโ:"
|
129 |
+
],
|
130 |
+
[
|
131 |
+
"In the แธฅazzanโs repetition (of shemona esrei) the แธฅazzan says prior to the prayer โHashem Siftaiโ and at the end โYehyu LโRatzonโ:"
|
132 |
+
],
|
133 |
+
[
|
134 |
+
"One should listen to 18 blessings (of โshemoneh esreiโ) from the แธฅazzanโs voice and from within a siddur. One should respond โamenโ after each blessing and should not respond โBarukh Hu UโBarukh Shemoโ (Blessed is He and Blessed is His name) as the แธฅazzan does not wait until the community stops (saying the words) and therefore cuts off the repetition of the blessings. "
|
135 |
+
],
|
136 |
+
[
|
137 |
+
"'Nekadesh' or 'Nareitzicha' (in 'Kedusha') until 'V'Amar' is only said by the แธฅazzan alone, and the community is silent and listens to the แธฅazzan."
|
138 |
+
],
|
139 |
+
[
|
140 |
+
"'Modim DโRabanan' should be concluded with the name of G-d - \"Blessed are You G-d, the Almighty to Whom all thanks are due.\" (See the Gra's comments on Shulchan Aruch 127:2) and the blessing of 'Borei Nephashot Rabot' is also concluded with the name of G-d."
|
141 |
+
],
|
142 |
+
[
|
143 |
+
"The Blessing of 'Birkat Cohanim' should be heard from the mouth of the แธฅazzan and one should respond 'Kein Yehi Ratzon' (It shall be His will)."
|
144 |
+
],
|
145 |
+
[
|
146 |
+
"One is able to respond to Kadesh, Kedusha, and Amen when one hears (the prayer) from house to house, even when there is a physical barrier in the way as brought up in Shulchan Aruch (55:20), (when it discusses responding to blessings) despite being unable to see (the person making the blessing). "
|
147 |
+
],
|
148 |
+
[
|
149 |
+
"Distinctions in the text of the prayer: 'V'Konei Hakol'. 'B'Kedusha U'Shevachecha'. 'Birchat HaShanim' and 'V'Shabeinu M'Tuvecha'. 'Birchat V'Lamalshinim... V'Kol HaRasha' etc, 'V'Kol Oivecha Meheira Yichareitu V'HaZeidim' etc. 'Al HaNisim V'Al HaPurkan' ?. 'Bimei Mordechai K'Sheamad Aleihem Haman'. 'V'Hashavot Lo Et Gamulo Al Rosho'. 'V'Kol HaChaim' with a Kamatz vowel under the letter Kaph. "
|
150 |
+
],
|
151 |
+
[
|
152 |
+
"In Tachanun one should not say the verse 'V'Yomer Dovid' as it is said regarding retribution, rather one should begin the prayer with 'Rachum V'Chanun'."
|
153 |
+
],
|
154 |
+
[
|
155 |
+
"Also at Shachrit one should use their left hand to fall on their face (during Tachanun). (As is written in Shulchan Aruch 131:5). And one does not say 'Shomer Yisrael' unless it is a communal fast day. "
|
156 |
+
],
|
157 |
+
[],
|
158 |
+
[],
|
159 |
+
[],
|
160 |
+
[],
|
161 |
+
[],
|
162 |
+
[],
|
163 |
+
[],
|
164 |
+
[],
|
165 |
+
[],
|
166 |
+
[],
|
167 |
+
[],
|
168 |
+
[],
|
169 |
+
[
|
170 |
+
"For Mincha and also for Maariv wash hands and bless (make a bracha) on the washing of the hands, And pray Mincha with Tallis and Teffilin of Rashi Z\"L."
|
171 |
+
],
|
172 |
+
[],
|
173 |
+
[],
|
174 |
+
[],
|
175 |
+
[],
|
176 |
+
[],
|
177 |
+
[],
|
178 |
+
[],
|
179 |
+
[],
|
180 |
+
[],
|
181 |
+
[],
|
182 |
+
[],
|
183 |
+
[],
|
184 |
+
[],
|
185 |
+
[],
|
186 |
+
[],
|
187 |
+
[],
|
188 |
+
[],
|
189 |
+
[],
|
190 |
+
[],
|
191 |
+
[],
|
192 |
+
[],
|
193 |
+
[],
|
194 |
+
[],
|
195 |
+
[
|
196 |
+
"The third completing bracha in (birkas hamazon) is \"Build Jerusalem Amen\" (meaning instead of saying \"Boneh Berachamav Yerushalyim\" it is \"Boneh Yerushalayim\""
|
197 |
+
],
|
198 |
+
[],
|
199 |
+
[],
|
200 |
+
[],
|
201 |
+
[],
|
202 |
+
[],
|
203 |
+
[],
|
204 |
+
[],
|
205 |
+
[],
|
206 |
+
[],
|
207 |
+
[],
|
208 |
+
[],
|
209 |
+
[],
|
210 |
+
[],
|
211 |
+
[],
|
212 |
+
[],
|
213 |
+
[],
|
214 |
+
[],
|
215 |
+
[],
|
216 |
+
[],
|
217 |
+
[],
|
218 |
+
[],
|
219 |
+
[],
|
220 |
+
[],
|
221 |
+
[],
|
222 |
+
[],
|
223 |
+
[],
|
224 |
+
[],
|
225 |
+
[],
|
226 |
+
[],
|
227 |
+
[],
|
228 |
+
[],
|
229 |
+
[],
|
230 |
+
[],
|
231 |
+
[],
|
232 |
+
[],
|
233 |
+
[],
|
234 |
+
[],
|
235 |
+
[],
|
236 |
+
[],
|
237 |
+
[],
|
238 |
+
[],
|
239 |
+
[],
|
240 |
+
[],
|
241 |
+
[],
|
242 |
+
[],
|
243 |
+
[],
|
244 |
+
[],
|
245 |
+
[],
|
246 |
+
[],
|
247 |
+
[],
|
248 |
+
[],
|
249 |
+
[],
|
250 |
+
[],
|
251 |
+
[],
|
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[],
|
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[],
|
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+
[],
|
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[],
|
256 |
+
[],
|
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[],
|
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+
[],
|
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[],
|
260 |
+
[],
|
261 |
+
[],
|
262 |
+
[],
|
263 |
+
[],
|
264 |
+
[],
|
265 |
+
[],
|
266 |
+
[],
|
267 |
+
[],
|
268 |
+
[],
|
269 |
+
[],
|
270 |
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[],
|
271 |
+
[],
|
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+
[],
|
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+
[],
|
274 |
+
[],
|
275 |
+
[],
|
276 |
+
[],
|
277 |
+
[],
|
278 |
+
[],
|
279 |
+
[],
|
280 |
+
[],
|
281 |
+
[],
|
282 |
+
[],
|
283 |
+
[],
|
284 |
+
[],
|
285 |
+
[],
|
286 |
+
[],
|
287 |
+
[],
|
288 |
+
[],
|
289 |
+
[],
|
290 |
+
[],
|
291 |
+
[],
|
292 |
+
[],
|
293 |
+
[],
|
294 |
+
[],
|
295 |
+
[],
|
296 |
+
[],
|
297 |
+
[],
|
298 |
+
[],
|
299 |
+
[],
|
300 |
+
[],
|
301 |
+
[],
|
302 |
+
[],
|
303 |
+
[],
|
304 |
+
[],
|
305 |
+
[],
|
306 |
+
[],
|
307 |
+
[],
|
308 |
+
[],
|
309 |
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[],
|
310 |
+
[],
|
311 |
+
[],
|
312 |
+
[],
|
313 |
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[],
|
314 |
+
[],
|
315 |
+
[],
|
316 |
+
[],
|
317 |
+
[],
|
318 |
+
[],
|
319 |
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[],
|
320 |
+
[],
|
321 |
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[],
|
322 |
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[],
|
323 |
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[],
|
324 |
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[],
|
325 |
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[],
|
326 |
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[],
|
327 |
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[],
|
328 |
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[],
|
329 |
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[],
|
330 |
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[],
|
331 |
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[],
|
332 |
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[],
|
333 |
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[],
|
334 |
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[],
|
335 |
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[],
|
336 |
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[],
|
337 |
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[],
|
338 |
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[],
|
339 |
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[],
|
340 |
+
[],
|
341 |
+
[],
|
342 |
+
[],
|
343 |
+
[],
|
344 |
+
[],
|
345 |
+
[
|
346 |
+
"The time to light Candles for Chanukkah is when the sun sets (Shkiah). Before Nightfall (Tzeis Hakochavim) Therefore, we light before prayer of Maariv. "
|
347 |
+
],
|
348 |
+
[
|
349 |
+
"Half hour after the time (people are) walking from the market, light without a bracha."
|
350 |
+
],
|
351 |
+
[],
|
352 |
+
[
|
353 |
+
"Candle (lighting) of Chanukkah (comes) before lighting candle Shabbos, and before Havdalah."
|
354 |
+
],
|
355 |
+
[
|
356 |
+
"The text for the Blessing is \"L'Hadlik Ner Chanukkah\" (Instead of \"L'Hadlik Ner Shel Chanukkah\")"
|
357 |
+
],
|
358 |
+
[
|
359 |
+
"Bless (make the bracha) every day on the main (candle), for it is on the hand-breadth next to the door, and not on the additional (candle)."
|
360 |
+
],
|
361 |
+
[
|
362 |
+
"Psalm of the day for all eight days of Chanukkah is (Psalm 30) \"A song for dedication\" "
|
363 |
+
]
|
364 |
+
],
|
365 |
+
"versions": [
|
366 |
+
[
|
367 |
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"Sefaria Community Translation",
|
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"https://www.sefaria.org"
|
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]
|
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],
|
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"heTitle": "ืืขืฉื ืจื",
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|
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|
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"Acharonim"
|
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|
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|
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"Paragraph"
|
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]
|
380 |
+
}
|
json/Halakhah/Acharonim/Maaseh Rav/Hebrew/From Wikitext.json
ADDED
@@ -0,0 +1,211 @@
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|
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|
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"title": "Maaseh Rav",
|
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|
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|
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|
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|
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|
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|
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|
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|
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|
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|
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|
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|
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|
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|
202 |
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[],
|
203 |
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[
|
204 |
+
"ืฉืืขืช ืืืื ืชืืื ืืฆืืช ืื ืฉืืขื ืืฆืื ืืืื ื ืงืืจื ืื ืจืฉืืช ืืื ืืืื ืืืื ืจืืฉืื ื ืฉืืื ืืืื ืืืฆืื ืืืื ืืืื ืจืฉืืช ืงืจื ืื (ืคืขืืืช ืฉืืืจ ื) ืืขืค\"ื ืืฆืื ืืืืืจืืืชื ืืื ืืื ืคืืจืฉื ื\"ื ื\"ืฆ ืืืช ืคืกื ืืืฆื ืกืืืืช ืืกืืื (ืคืขืืืช ืฉืืืจ ื) ืืขืื ืืื ืจืืืืช ืืืื ืืืื ืืื ืืฆืืช ืืืืืช ืืฆื ืื ืฉืืขื ืืืื\"ื ืืืจืื ืืื ืืืื ืกืขืืื ืฉืืืฉืืช ืืข\"ืค ืฉืื ืืื ืืืื ืฉืืฉ ืกืขืืืืช ืืฉืืจ ื\"ื ืืคื ื ืืืืืช ืืฆืืช ืืืืืช ืืฆื ืฉืืื ื ืืืื ืื ืืืืืฆืื ื\"ื ืืื ืืฉืชืื ืืืขืื ืืืฅ ืืื ืืืฉ ืืืืจืชื ื ืืื ืชืื ืืกืจ. ืืืื ื ืื ืข ืืืืื ืืืืจ ืคืกื ืืฆื ืฉืืืฆืืื ืื ืืื ืืืืชื ืืคืกื ืื\"ื ืืืืืจื ืืขืฉืืืช ืืืฆืื ืฉืืื ืขืืฉืื ืืืชื ืืื ืื ืืื ืืคื ื ืืืืจืช ืืืืจื ืืชืขืื ืฉืื:"
|
205 |
+
]
|
206 |
+
],
|
207 |
+
"sectionNames": [
|
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"Siman",
|
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"Paragraph"
|
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]
|
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}
|
json/Halakhah/Acharonim/Maaseh Rav/Hebrew/Wikisource.json
ADDED
@@ -0,0 +1,776 @@
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|
1 |
+
{
|
2 |
+
"language": "he",
|
3 |
+
"title": "Maaseh Rav",
|
4 |
+
"versionSource": "http://he.wikisource.org/wiki/%D7%9E%D7%A2%D7%A9%D7%94_%D7%A8%D7%91_%D7%94%D7%9C%D7%9B%D7%95%D7%AA_%D7%91%D7%A8%D7%9B%D7%95%D7%AA_%D7%94%D7%A9%D7%97%D7%A8",
|
5 |
+
"versionTitle": "Wikisource",
|
6 |
+
"status": "locked",
|
7 |
+
"license": "CC-BY-SA",
|
8 |
+
"versionTitleInHebrew": "ืืืงืืืงืกื",
|
9 |
+
"actualLanguage": "he",
|
10 |
+
"languageFamilyName": "hebrew",
|
11 |
+
"isBaseText": true,
|
12 |
+
"isSource": true,
|
13 |
+
"isPrimary": true,
|
14 |
+
"direction": "rtl",
|
15 |
+
"heTitle": "ืืขืฉื ืจื",
|
16 |
+
"categories": [
|
17 |
+
"Halakhah",
|
18 |
+
"Acharonim"
|
19 |
+
],
|
20 |
+
"text": [
|
21 |
+
[
|
22 |
+
"ืืงืื ืืืฆืืช ืืืขืฉืืช ืชืงืื ืืฆืืช:"
|
23 |
+
],
|
24 |
+
[
|
25 |
+
"ืื ืฉื ืขืืจ ืื ืืืืื ื ืืื ืืืื ืืืืจื ืืื ืื ืืจืืช ืืชืืจื. ืืื ืืืจ ืืืฉื ืืืื ืฆืจืื ืืืจื ืืจืืช ืืชืืจื:"
|
26 |
+
],
|
27 |
+
[
|
28 |
+
"ืขืืงืจ ื ืืืืช ืืืื ืืชืคืืื ื ืชืงื, ืืืื ืืฉ ืืืืื ืืืืจื ืืื ืชืคืืื. ืืืงืคืื ืืืชืืืื ืืืืื ืืืื ืืื ืืืืืื. ืืืฉืืจืืช ืืฉ ืืกืืื ืืจืืช ืขื ื ืืืืช ืืืื ืืชืคืืื. ืืื ืืืืจ ืืืชื ืชืืืฃ ืืฉืงื ืืฉืืื ืืขืชื ืืืชืคืื ืืื ืืืืื ืฉืื ืืฉืื:"
|
29 |
+
],
|
30 |
+
[
|
31 |
+
"ื ืืืืช ืืืื ืืกืขืืื ืืื ืืฉืืจืืช ืื ืืืื ืชืืืื:"
|
32 |
+
],
|
33 |
+
[
|
34 |
+
"ืืฉืืจืืช ืืขืจื ื' ืคืขืืื. ื' ืคืขืืื ืืืขืืืจ ืจืื ืจืขื, ืืคืขื ืจืืืขืืช ืืืืจ ืืืื ืฉื ืืืื:"
|
35 |
+
],
|
36 |
+
[
|
37 |
+
"ืืจืืช ืืืื ื ืฉืื ืกืืืื ืืืจืืช ืืฉืจ ืืฆืจ (ืขื' ืฉื\"ืข ืฉืื ืกื' ื ืก\"ืง ื):"
|
38 |
+
],
|
39 |
+
[
|
40 |
+
"ืื ืืืจืืืช ืืฉืจ ื ืชื ืืื' ืขื ืืืืืจ ืืืืจ ืชืืืฃ ืืฉืงื ืืืืชื ืืคืืื ืงืืื ืฉืืืืจ ืืืื, ืืืืืจ ืืืืชืื ืขื ืฉืืืืจ ืืืื (ืขื' ืืืื ืืืจืื ืกื' ืื ืก\"ืง ืื):"
|
41 |
+
],
|
42 |
+
[
|
43 |
+
"ืืจืืืช ืืชืืจื ื ืชืงื ืืืืจื ืงืืื ืค' ืืชืืื (ืขื' ืฉื\"ืข ืฉืื ืกื' ืื ืก\"ืง ืื). ืืื ืจืืฆื ืืืืื ืงืืื ืฉืืืืจ ืืืื ืืืืจ ืืจืืืช ืืชืืจื ืืืจ ืกืืจ ืืจืืืช ืืฉืืจ ืงืืื ืฉืืืื:"
|
44 |
+
],
|
45 |
+
[
|
46 |
+
"ืื ืืจืืืช ืืฉืืจ ืื ืฉืื ืืืืืจื ืชืืืฃ ืืฉ ืฉืืืช ืืืืืจื ืื ืืืื ืืื ืืืืื ืขื ืืฉืื ื, ืืืฅ ืืืจืืช ืืชืืจื ืฉืืืจ ื ืคืืจ ืืืืื ืจืื (ืขื' ืฉื\"ืข ืฉืื ืกื' ืื ืก\"ืง ื). ืืืื ืืืื ืืืคืืจ ืฉืืื ืืืืจืื ืืจืืช ืฉืขืฉื ืื ืื ืฆืจืื ืืืจืืช ืืืขืืืจ ืฉืื ื ืืืืจ ืืืชื ืืืืื ืชืืืฃ ืืฉื ืืขื ืื ืขืืื ืืืฉืจืืืฅ ืคื ืื (ืขื' ืืฉ\"ืข ืฉืื ืกื' ืื ืก\"ืง ืื):"
|
47 |
+
],
|
48 |
+
[
|
49 |
+
"ืืจืืฅ ืื ืืื ืืคืกืง ืืืจืืช ืืชืืจื ืื\"ืฉ ืฉืื ื (ืคืขืืืช ืฉืืืจ: ื ืจืื ืืจ\"ื ืฉืื ืช ืขืจืื ืืขื' ืืฉื\"ืข ืฉืื ืกื' ืื ืก\"ืง ื, ื, ืื):"
|
50 |
+
],
|
51 |
+
[
|
52 |
+
"ืืืืงืื ืื ืืกื ืืจืืืช ืืฉืืจ: ืืฉืจ ื ืชื ืืฉืืื ืืื'. ืฉืขืฉื ืื ืื ืฆืจืื. ืืืืื ืืฆืขืื ืืืจ. ืืืืืจืื \"ืคืขืืื ืืื ืืื ืฉืืข ืืฉืจืื ืืชื ืืื\" ืื \"ืคืขืืื ืืื ืืื ื' ืืืืื ื ื' ืืื ืืชื ืืื ืืื' (ืคืขืืืช ืฉืืืจ: ืขื' ืืฉ\"ืข ืฉืื ืกื' ืื ืก\"ืง ืื. ืื\"ื ืฉืืื ื ืืื ืืื'. ืืืกื' ืก ืกืขืืฃ ื ืืื\"ืง) ืืจืื ืืชื ื' ืืืงืืฉ ืฉืื ืืจืืื:"
|
53 |
+
],
|
54 |
+
[
|
55 |
+
"ืืืืจ ืืืจ ืคืจืฉืช ืืชืืื ืคืกืืง ืืืคืฉืื ืขื ืจืื ื ืืืื:"
|
56 |
+
],
|
57 |
+
[
|
58 |
+
"ืฆืืฆืืช ื\"ื ืืืืืืื, ืืืืื ืฉืืืฉ. ืืืื ื ืื ืคืจืฉื ืจืืื ืืฆืืข ืืืืื:"
|
59 |
+
],
|
60 |
+
[
|
61 |
+
"ืืจืืช ืฆืืฆืืช: ืืื ืคืขื ืฉืืชืขืืฃ ืืืจื ืืคืืื ืืื ืคืขืืื ืืืื (ืขื' ืืฉื\"ืข ืฉืื ืกื' ื ืก\"ืง ืื):"
|
62 |
+
],
|
63 |
+
[
|
64 |
+
"ืืืจื ืืืืืฉ ืืืืกื ืจืืฉื ืืืืืช ืื\"ืฆ ืืืชืขืืฃ ืืขืืืคืช ืืฉืืืืื (ืขื' ืืฉื\"ืข ืฉืื ืกื' ื ืก\"ืง ื):"
|
65 |
+
],
|
66 |
+
[
|
67 |
+
"ืื ืขื ืืืืช ืงืื ื ืืกื ืืืจืื ืืืชืขืืฃ ืืฆืืฆืืช (ืขืื\"ืฉ ืก\"ืง ืื):"
|
68 |
+
],
|
69 |
+
[
|
70 |
+
"ืืื ืคืฉืชืื ืื ืืืื ืืื ืฉืื ืฆืืฆืืช (ืขื' ืฉื\"ืข ืฉืื ืกื' ื ืก\"ืง ื). ืื ืืขืฉื ืืืืช ืงืื ืฉื ืฆืืจ ืืฆืืฆืืช ืฉื ืฆืืจ, ืืื ืืื ืฉื ืฉืืจ ืืื ืื, ืืฆืืฆืืช ืฉื ืคืฉืชื. ืืื ืืืืฉ ืืชืืช ืืืืืื ืืขืื ืืืืช ืืืื ืฉื ืฆืืจ ืืคื:"
|
71 |
+
],
|
72 |
+
[
|
73 |
+
"ืืื ืื ืืช ืชืคืืืื ืืืืจืื (ืืจืืืช ืืฃ ื). ืืืืื ืืื ืื ืืืื ืืคืืื ืืฉื ืืืชื ืืืชืจ, ืืืืืืช ืขืจืื ืื ืื ืืืชืจ. ืจืง ืืืจืื ืืืืื ืืกืืจ. ืืื ืืืฉืฉ ืืืืืจื ืืคื ื ืืืจืืืช ืืืชืจ ืืฉื ืื ืืื. ืื\"ื ืืื ืืขืฉืืช ืฉื ืจืืฉ ืงืื ืืืจืฆืืขืืช ืืืื ืื ืื ืืืืกืืช ืฉื ืจืืฉ ืืืืื ืืฉื ืื ืืื: "
|
74 |
+
],
|
75 |
+
[
|
76 |
+
"ืืชืคืืืื ืฉื ืจืืฉ ืืืชืื ืฆืจืืืื ืืืืืช ืคืชืืืืช ืืื ืืืืืงืื ืืืืง:"
|
77 |
+
],
|
78 |
+
[
|
79 |
+
"ืชืคืืืื ืื ืื ืฉืื ืืืืื ืืจืืฉ ืืฉืืื. ืืืงืฉืจ ืฆ\"ื ืชืืช ืฉืคืืข ืืงืืงืื:"
|
80 |
+
],
|
81 |
+
[
|
82 |
+
"ืืงืื ืชืคืืื ืฉื ืื ืคืื ืืจืืข ืคื' ืคืื ืืืืฆืขื ืืืคืืงื ืจืืืข ืืจืืข ืืืขืื ืืจืืืข ืืจืืข ืืืื (ืขืืื ืฉ\"ืข ืฉืื ืกื' ื\"ื ืก\"ืง ื' ืืก\"ืง ื\"ื):"
|
83 |
+
],
|
84 |
+
[
|
85 |
+
"ืกื ืืืจื ืฉืชืื ืื ืกื ืืืจื ืืืช ืืคื' ืจืฉ\"ื ื\"ื ืืื ืื ืกื ืืืจื ืขื ืฉื ืื ืืขื ืฉื ืจืืฉ ืืืช ืืื ืื ืืื ืกื ืืืจื ืขื ืฉ\"ืจ ืขื ืืฆืืช ืชืคืืื:"
|
86 |
+
],
|
87 |
+
[
|
88 |
+
"ืฆืจืื ืืืจื ืืื ืคืขื ืฉืื ืื ืืคื' ืืื ืคืขืืื ืืืื:"
|
89 |
+
],
|
90 |
+
[
|
91 |
+
"ืืืชืจ ืืืฉืชืื ืืชืคืืื ืืฉืื ืืจืืฉื ืืืื\"ืก ืขืจืื ืืืืืืจ ืืฉื\"ืข:"
|
92 |
+
],
|
93 |
+
[
|
94 |
+
"ืืืชืคืื ืฉืืจืืช ืืืชืืงืื ืืืืื ืขื ืื ืื ืขืฉืจื ืืืงื:"
|
95 |
+
],
|
96 |
+
[
|
97 |
+
"ืืฉ\"ืฅ ืืชืืื ืืืจืื ืฉืืืจ ืื\"ื ืืืืืจ ืฉืืจ ืื ืืืช ืืืืช. ืืื ืฉืืจ ืคืกืืงืื ืืฆืืืจ ืงืืื ืชืคืื ืืื ืืืจ ืชืคืื ืจืง ืฉืืจ ืฉื ืืื:"
|
98 |
+
],
|
99 |
+
[
|
100 |
+
"ืืืชืจ ืืืฉื ืืคืกืืงื ืืืืจื ืขื ืืงืืืฉ ืฉืงืืื ืืจืื:"
|
101 |
+
],
|
102 |
+
[
|
103 |
+
"ืืคืกื\"ื ืืชื ื' ืื ืชืืื ืจืืืื ืืื ื ืืื\"ื ืืืืืืจ ืืื\"ื ืฉืืืฉ ืืื ืืืื. ืืืฉืจื ืืืจ ืจื ืืืื ื' ืกืืืื:"
|
104 |
+
],
|
105 |
+
[
|
106 |
+
"ืฉืืจืช ืืื ืขื ื' ืืืืื ืืขืืื ืืขื ืืืืืจ ืืืจืื ืื ืื' ืืืืืื ืื' ืืืื ืืืืจืื ืคืกืืง ืื ืื ืกืืก ืคืจืขื ืื':"
|
107 |
+
],
|
108 |
+
[
|
109 |
+
"ื\"ื ืืืชืืจืชื ืืชืื ืืืืจ ืฉืืข ืืฉืจืื ืื' ืงืืื ืืฉืชืื ืื ืฆืจืื ืืืืืช ืื ืืืืฉืข ืขื ื' ืืืืื ื\"ื ืฉืืืช ืืื ืื ืืฉืืจ ืขื ืืฉืชืื ื\"ื ื\"ื ืฉืืืช ืืืื ืืืืกืืฃ:"
|
110 |
+
],
|
111 |
+
[
|
112 |
+
"ืืื ืืืืจ ืื\"ื ืฉืืืื ืื ืฉืืื ืืืช. ืจืง ืฉืื ืืคืกืืง ืืื ืืื ืืืืืจ ื\"ื:"
|
113 |
+
],
|
114 |
+
[
|
115 |
+
"ืื ืืขืืืืื ืืฆืืจื ืชืืช ืืื\"ืช:"
|
116 |
+
],
|
117 |
+
[
|
118 |
+
"ืืืชืคืื ืขื ืืฆืืืจ ืืืืื ืืื ืฉื ืืืจ ืืฉ\"ืข. ืืขื\"ืค ืืจืื ืืืืจ ื\"ืฉ ืืชืืื ืืืื ืืืฉืชืื ืฉืื ืืชืืื ืืืฆืจ ืืืจ ืืคืกืื ืืจืืืช ืคืกืืงื ืืืืจื:"
|
119 |
+
],
|
120 |
+
[
|
121 |
+
"ืืขืืฉืื ืืืืื ืจืฆืื ืงืื ื ืืื ืงืื ืืื:"
|
122 |
+
],
|
123 |
+
[
|
124 |
+
"ืืฉ ืืขื ืืช ืืื ืืฉืฉืืืข ืืืจืื ืืคื' ืืืจ ืืืฆืจ ืืืจ ืืืืื ืืื ืฉืืจืฆื ืืืฅ ืืืืจ ืฉืคืชื ืืฉืืจื ืืืฉื:"
|
125 |
+
],
|
126 |
+
[
|
127 |
+
"ืฆืืืช ืืืฃ ืืืืืื ืื ืืงืจื ืฆืืื ืืขื ืื ืง\"ืฉ ืืชืคืื ืืื ืกืืงื ืืขืชื ืืืืงืจื ืฆืืื ืืื ืฆืจืื ืืืจืืืง ื' ืืืืช:"
|
128 |
+
],
|
129 |
+
[
|
130 |
+
"ืืืืื ืงืืื ืง\"ืฉ ืืฆืืช ืืื ืืืืช ืง\"ืฉ:"
|
131 |
+
],
|
132 |
+
[
|
133 |
+
"ืง\"ืฉ ืขืฉื ืื\"ืฉ ืื ืขืฉื ืืื ืืืื. ืคื' ืืื ืื ืงืืืื ืฉืืจ ืฉืืืืืจ ืขื ืขืฆืื ืืขืฉืืช ืื\"ืฉ ืืืืื ืืืฆื ืืื ื ืืืืื ืืฉื ื\"ื ืืืืื ืืื ืืคืืืื ืืฉืืื ืืื ืืื ืืื ื ืจืื ืื\"ื ืืืจื ื\"ืฉ ืืื ืืืื ืืืืืื ืจืืื ืื\"ื ืืืืช ื ืืื ืื ืงืืืืช ืืฆืืช ืกืืื ืืืืื. ืืื ืืืืื ืืื ืฆืจืื ืืืืืจ ืืืงืจืืช ืง\"ืฉ:"
|
134 |
+
],
|
135 |
+
[
|
136 |
+
"ืืง\"ืฉ ืืืื ื' ืฆืืฆืืช ืฉืืคื ืื ืืืื ื ืื ืฉืง ืืื:"
|
137 |
+
],
|
138 |
+
[
|
139 |
+
"ืืืื ืืื ืืืื ืืื ืจืืืื ืจืืืขืืช ืืืื ื ืืคืืื ืืืื ืคืขืืื ืืื ืืื ืจืืืื ืืืขืืื ืืืืื ืืจืื ืืื (ืขืืื ืฉ\"ืข ืฉืื ืกื' ืข\"ื ืก\"ืง ื'):"
|
140 |
+
],
|
141 |
+
[
|
142 |
+
"ืืืชืคืื ืืืื ื ืืื ืืืื ืืืืืื ืคืืจืืฉ ืืืืืช. ืืื ืืื ืืืฉืื ืืชืคืื ืืขืืื ืขื ืฉืชืื ืืืืฉืื. ืืืื ืฆืจืื ืืืืื ืืื ืืฉืืืช ืจืง ืืืื ืืื:"
|
143 |
+
],
|
144 |
+
[
|
145 |
+
"ืืืืจืช ืืฉ\"ืฅ ืืืืจ ืืฉ\"ืฅ ืงืืื ืืชืคืื ื' ืฉืคืชื ืืืืกืืฃ ืืืื ืืจืฆืื:"
|
146 |
+
],
|
147 |
+
[
|
148 |
+
"ืืฉืืืข ืชืคืืช ื\"ื ืืคื ืืฉ\"ืฅ ืืืชืื ืืกืืืจ. ืืืขื ืืช ืืื ืืืจ ืื ืืจืื ืืื ืืืงืคืื ืขื ื\"ื ืืืจื\"ืฉ ืื ืืฉ\"ืฅ ืืื ื ืืืชืื ืขื ืฉืชืืื ืืคื ืืขื ืืืคืกืื ืืืจืช ืืชืคืื:"
|
149 |
+
],
|
150 |
+
[
|
151 |
+
"ื ืงืืฉ ืื ื ืขืจืืฆื ืขื ืืืืจ ืืื ื ืืืืจ ืจืง ืืฉ\"ืฅ ืืื ืืืฆืืืจ ืฉืืชืงื๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ ืืฉืืืขืื ืืืฉ\"ืฅ:"
|
152 |
+
],
|
153 |
+
[
|
154 |
+
"ืืืืื ืืจืื ื ืืืชืืื ืืฉื ืื\"ื ืื ืืืืืืืช (ืขื' ืืฉ\"ืข ืฉืื ืกื' ืงื\"ื ืก\"ืง ื'). ืืื ืืจืืช ืืืจื ื \"ืจ ืืืชื ืืฉื:"
|
155 |
+
],
|
156 |
+
[
|
157 |
+
"ืืจืืช ืืื ืื ืืฉืืืข ืืคื ืืฉ\"ืฅ ืืืืืจ ืื ืืื ืจืฆืื:"
|
158 |
+
],
|
159 |
+
[
|
160 |
+
"ืงืืืฉ ืืงืืืฉื ืืืื ืืืื ืืขื ืืช ืืฉืฉืืืข ืืืืช ืืืืช ืืคื' ืืฉืืฉ ืืคืกืง ืืืจ ืฉื ืืืจ ืืฉ\"ืข (ืกื' ื ื ืกืขื' ื') ืืืื ืฉืืื ื ืจืืื:"
|
161 |
+
],
|
162 |
+
[
|
163 |
+
"ืืืืงืื ืื ืืกื ืืชืคืื. ืืงื ื ืืื. ืืงืืืฉื ืืฉืืืื. ืืจืืช ืืฉื ืื ืืฉืืขื ื ืืืืื. ืืจืืช ืืืืืฉืื ืื ืืื ืืจืฉืขื ืื' ืืื ืืืืืื ืืืจื ืืืจืชื ืืืืืื ืื'. ืขื ืื ืกืื ืืขื ืืคืจืงื ืืค\"ื ืืืืืืคื. ืืืื ืืจืืื ืืฉืขืื ืขืืืื ืืื. ืืืฉืืืช ืื ืืช ืืืืื ืขื ืจืืฉื. ืืื ืืืืื ืืงื\"ืฅ ืชืืช ืื\"ืฃ:"
|
164 |
+
],
|
165 |
+
[
|
166 |
+
"ืชืื ืื ืื ืืืืจ ืคืกืืง ืืืืืจ ืืื ืฉื ืืืจ ืืื ืคืืจืขื ืืืช ืจืง ืืชืืื ืจืืื ืืื ืื:"
|
167 |
+
],
|
168 |
+
[
|
169 |
+
"ื ืคืืืช ืืคืื ืื ืืฉืืจืืช ืืฉืืื (ืื\"ื ืืฉ\"ืข ืฉืื ืกื' ืงื\"ื ืก\"ืง ื') ืื\"ื ืฉืืืจ ืืฉืจืื ื\"ื ืืชืขื ืืช ืฆืืืจ:"
|
170 |
+
],
|
171 |
+
[
|
172 |
+
"ืื ืืืชื ื ืืชืื ืจืคืืื. ืืืืจืชืื ืืฉืืื ืชืื ืืชืื ืจืคืืื:"
|
173 |
+
],
|
174 |
+
[
|
175 |
+
"ืืขืืื ื ืื ืืกื ืืืกื ืืืืื ืืฉืืื ืื'. ืกืืื ืขืืื ื ื' ืืืืื ืืขืืื ืืขื ืืืื ืืืืจ ืื ืืืจ ืืื' ืื':"
|
176 |
+
],
|
177 |
+
[
|
178 |
+
"ืืืจ ืขืืื ื ืฉืืจ ืฉื ืืื ืงืืืฉ ืืชืื. ืืืื ืืืจืืืช ืืงืืืฉืื ืฉืื ืืฆืืจื. ืื\"ื ืฉืื ืืืืืจ ืืืืช ืฉืืจ ืฉื ืืื ืืื ืฉืืจ ืืืืื ืืื ืฉืืจ ืืืืื ืจืง ืืื\"ื. ืื ืืจ\"ื ืืืื ืขื ืื\"ื ื\"ื ืงืืคืืื ื\"ื:"
|
179 |
+
],
|
180 |
+
[
|
181 |
+
"ื ืืกื ืืงืืืฉ ืืชืืื ืืืชืงืืฉ ืฉื ื ืืืืชืื ืืฆืืจื ืืืขืช ืจืฉ\"ื ืืืงืืื ืคืจืืก ืฉืืื ืืฉืื ืขืืจื. ืืจืขืืชืื ืื\"ืฃ ืืืืฉ. ืืืจื ืืจื\"ืฉ ืืคืชื ืื ืืื ืคืขืื ืืืฉืื ืืจืื ืืื ืืืืจ ืืจื\"ืฉ ืืฆืืจื ืืื' ืืื ืื ื ืคืืขื ืืืฉืื ืขืืจื ืืืื' ืืืคื ืืืืืื. ืืืชืขืื ืฉืืื ืืงืืืฉื ื\"ื ืืืื ืืืืจืื ืืืชืืื. ืืฆืจืื ืืืืจ ืงืืืฉื ื\"ื ืืืื. ืชืชืงืื ืฆืืืชืืื ืืืื ืืืืื ืืื ืื\"ื. ืืื ืืฉืจืื:"
|
182 |
+
],
|
183 |
+
[
|
184 |
+
"ืขืืงืจ ืขื ืืืช ืืื ืืฉ\"ืจ ืืื ื ื\"ื ืขื ืขืืืื ืืื ืืืชืจ ืื ืืชืืจื ืงืื ืืืืื ืืฉืื' ืืงืืืฉื ื\"ื. ืืื ืืืืข ืืขืืืื ืืืฉ\"ืฅ ืืืจ ืืืจ ืืืื ืชืืืืช ืืืชืืจื ืืืืื ืืืืจ ืืชืืจื ืื' ืขื ืฉืืืืข ืืืงืื ืฉืืฉ\"ืฅ ืืืืจ ืืฉืืชืง ืืฉืืืข. (ืขืืื ืืฉ\"ืข ืฉืื ืกื' ื \"ื ืก\"ืง ื') ืืื ืืืืจ ืืคืกืืงืื ืืงืืืฉ ืจืง ืืขื ื ืืื:"
|
185 |
+
],
|
186 |
+
[
|
187 |
+
"ืืื ืืืจืืข ืฉืื ืืจืืขื ืืงืืืฉ (ืขืืื ืฉื ืก\"ืง ื'):"
|
188 |
+
],
|
189 |
+
[
|
190 |
+
"ืฉืื ืืคืจืืฉ ืื ืืฆืืืจ ืืคืืืืื ืื ืกืืืืืช ืืฉืืืืจืื ืืืจ ืืืจืช ืืฉ\"ืฅ ืืืื ืืคืกืง ืืืจืืืช ืง\"ืฉ ืืชืคืื:"
|
191 |
+
],
|
192 |
+
[
|
193 |
+
"ื ืื ืืืืืืช ืืืชืจืื ืืืชืคืื ืืื ืืคืืื ืืฉืืื ืขืืืื. ืืืืชืจืื ื\"ื ืืืชืคืื ืืืื\"ื ืชืืืฃ ืืจืื' ืื ืื ืฉืคืืื ืฉ\"ื ืื ืืื ืืื ืืืชืจืื ืืืชืคืื:"
|
194 |
+
],
|
195 |
+
[
|
196 |
+
"ืชืืืฃ ืืืจ ืืชืคืื ืงืืจื ืืงืฆืช ืื ืืกืืจ ืฉื ืื ืืงืจื ืืืื ืชืจืืื ืืืกืืื ืืขืจื ืฉืืช ืืืื ื ืืืืจ ืืชืจืืื ืืืจ ืื ืคืกืืง ืจืง ืืืจ ืื ืขื ืื ืืื ืคืชืืื ืื ืกืชืืื ืื ืืืจ ืืงืื ืฉื ืจืื ืืืชืจ ืืคืกืง ืขื ืื:"
|
197 |
+
],
|
198 |
+
[
|
199 |
+
"ืืืืื ืืืจ ืืชืคืื ืชืืืฃ ื' ืฉืขืืช ืืื ืืคืกืง. ืืืืื ืคืจืง ืืฉื ืืืช ืืืืืืจ ืืืื. ืืืืื ืจื ืืืคืก ืืื ืืื ืืืืืืจ ืืืื. ืกืคืจื ืืืกืจ ืืื ืคืขืืื ืืื ืืื. ืืืืื ืืงืจื ืืืืืืช ืืืืจืฉืื. [ื ืืกืื ืืืจืช: ืืืืื ืืืืจ ืืื ืืื] ืืืืื ืืืจื ืฉื ื ืืคืื ืืื ืืื ืขื ืคืืจืฉ\"ื ืืืืืืจ ืืืื. ืืืืื ืฉ\"ืข ื\"ื ืืืืืืจ ืืืื ืืื ืืื ืืืื. ืืืืื ืืกืืชื ืขื ืคื. ืืืืื ืืืืืช ืืชืคืืื ืฉื ืจืฉ\"ื ื\"ื ืืืงื. ืืืืื ืืืืืช ืจืื ืืจืื:"
|
200 |
+
],
|
201 |
+
[
|
202 |
+
"ืื ืขื ืื ื ืคืจื ืกื ืืืฆืืช ืืฉืื ื ืืืจ ืืฆืืช ืืืื ืฉื ื ืฉืขืืช. ืฉืื ืืืื ืืืืืืื ื\"ื ืืขืฉืืช ืืฆืื ืฉืชืืื ืื ืื ืืขืฉื ืืื:"
|
203 |
+
],
|
204 |
+
[
|
205 |
+
"ืืื ื' ืืืื ืื'. ืชืฉืืืช ืืืฉืงื ืืคื ืื:"
|
206 |
+
],
|
207 |
+
[
|
208 |
+
"ืืชืคืืช ืื ืื ืืื ืืขืจืืืช ื ืืื ืืืื ืืืืจื ืขื ื\"ื. ืืืชืคืืืื ืื ืื ืืืืืช ืืชืคืืื ืฉื ืจืฉ\"ื ื\"ื ืืืงื:"
|
209 |
+
],
|
210 |
+
[
|
211 |
+
"ืชืคืืช ืื ืื ืืงืืื. ืืืฉืืช ืืงืืื ืืืชืจ ืืฉืื ืกืขืืื ืฉืืืฉืืช:"
|
212 |
+
],
|
213 |
+
[
|
214 |
+
"ืชืคืืช ืขืจืืืช ืืืื ื ืืืงื ืืคืืื ืืฉืืช ืืืฃ ืืืืื ืื ื\"ื ืืืกืืฃ ืขืฉืจื ืืืื ืง\"ืฉ:"
|
215 |
+
],
|
216 |
+
[
|
217 |
+
"ืชืคืืช ืขืจืืืช ืืชืืืืื ืืืื ืจืืื ืืืื ืืืืจืื ืคืกืืงืื ืืื ืืฆื ืงืืืฉ ืืื ืืืจ ืขืืื ื ื\"ื ืคืกืืงืื ืืืืืืจืื. ืืฉ\"ื ืืื ืืงืืืข ืคืกืืงืื ืืืืืืจืื ืืฆืืืจ ืืืืช ืฉืืจ ืฉื ืืื:"
|
218 |
+
],
|
219 |
+
[
|
220 |
+
"ืืจืื ื' ืืขืืื ืื\"ื ืืืื ืื ืฆืจืื ืืื ืืื ืืืชืคืื ืขื ืืฆืืืจ ืืืื ื ืืืืจ ืืืจ ืืชืคืื ืืื. ืืืื ืขืฆืื ืื ืื' ืืืืจ ืืื ืื ืืจืื ื' ืื' ืืื ืืฉืืจื ืืฉืืช ืืื ืืกืืื ืืืืื ืืชืคืื ืืื ืืฆืืืจ ืฉืืฆืื ืืืฉ\"ืฅ ืืื ืืืืจืื:"
|
221 |
+
],
|
222 |
+
[
|
223 |
+
"ืขื ื ืืืืจื ืืฉืื ืชืืช ืืื:"
|
224 |
+
],
|
225 |
+
[
|
226 |
+
"ืกืคืืจื ืืืจ ืขืืื ื ืื ืืื ืื ืืืื. ืื ืืกื ืืขืืืจ ืื\"ืฉ ืืฉ\"ืข ืืื ืืขืืืจ. ืื\"ื ืฉืื ืคืกืืงืื ืื ืืคื ืื ืืื ืืืืจืื ื\"ื ื\"ืจ ืฉืืื ื ืื':"
|
227 |
+
],
|
228 |
+
[
|
229 |
+
"ืชืืฉืื ืขืื ืฉืงืืจืื ืงืืฉ\"ื ืื ืืจืืคืื ืื ืืื ืืืืฉืช ืืืื ืื ืืืจื ืขืืื ืืืจื ืืื ื ืืืื ืืช. ืืื ืฉื ืืจืืงื ืืคื\"ื:"
|
230 |
+
],
|
231 |
+
[
|
232 |
+
"ืืืจื ืืื ืจืืื ืืืจื ืืคื ืื ืื\"ื ืืืืืจืื ืื \"ืจ (ืข' ื\"ื ืกื' ืจ\"ื ืก\"ืง ื' ืื' ืืืืืจื ืืืืื ืก\"ืง ื\"ื):"
|
233 |
+
],
|
234 |
+
[
|
235 |
+
"ืขื ืืืื ืืืืฉืืื ืฉืืืื ืืคื\"ื ืืืฉืื ื ืืืืื ืืืืจื ืจืง ืกืคืง ื ืืืื ืื ืืืืื ื\"ื ืืชืื ืืกืขืืื ืืื ืื ืฉืขืืฉืื ืืืื ืืฉืขืืจืื ืืชืืฉืื. (ืข' ืฉ\"ืข ืกื' ืจ\"ื ืกืขื' ื' ืืกืขื' ื'):"
|
236 |
+
],
|
237 |
+
[
|
238 |
+
"ืืืจ ืฉื ืืชื ืืืฉืืื ืืืืจื ืืืจื ืืื ืฉืืื ืืืื ื ืืืื ืืืืืืฅ ืฉื ืฆื ืื ืขื ืืืฉ ืืืจื ืืคื\"ื:"
|
239 |
+
],
|
240 |
+
[
|
241 |
+
"ืื ืืืื ืืืชืืื ืืืจ ืฉืืื ืฉืืืฉ ืืืฆื ืฉืืื ืืกืคืง ืืจืื ืืืจืื ื. ืืื ืืื ืืืื ืขืืื ืืืืกืืฃ ืขืื ืืืืื ืขื ืฉืืื ืืืืฆื (ืจ\"ื ืืืฆื ืืืื ืฉืืื ืืฆื ืืืฆื ืฉืืืืจืืช ืื\"ื ืืคื ืื ืฉื ืืื ืืคื ืื ื\"ื ืฉืืขืืจ ืืื ืืงืื ืกื' ืง\"ื) ืืืจื ืืืจืื ืืื ืืืจื' ื ืื ืืื ื ืืื (ืขืืื ืฉ\"ืข ืกื' ืจ\"ื ืกืขื' ื' ืืกื' ืชืค\"ื ืกืขื' ื') ืืืื ืกืืจื ืฉืืืฆืื ืืืชื ืืืจ ืฉืืื ืืืฆืืืื ืืืจืืช ืื ืื ืื ื\"ื ืืืจ ืืื ืื ืืื ืืืืจ ืฉืืืื ืืงื ืืช ืืืืืื ืขื ืฉืืื' ืื ืืฉืืขืืจ:"
|
242 |
+
],
|
243 |
+
[
|
244 |
+
"ืฉืืืืื ื ืขื ืคืจื ืืืฉ ืืืจื ืืฉืขืช ืืจืื':"
|
245 |
+
],
|
246 |
+
[
|
247 |
+
"ืฉืืื ื ืืื ืืืื ืืกืืื. ืืืจื ื \"ืจ ืืืชืืื ืืฉื ืื\"ื ืื ืืขืืืืื (ืข' ืฉ\"ืข ืฉืื ืกื' ืจ\"ื ืก\"ืง ื'). ืื ืืกื ืืจืื ืืขืื ื' ืืืขืื ื ืืชืืื ืืฉืืื ื ืื ืื ืืชื ืื' ืืืื ืืืืจ ืื ืืื ืืคืจื' ืื' ืืืืชื ืขื ืืืจืฅ ืืขื ืืืืื. ืืขื ืืืื ืืืชื ืขื ืืืจืฅ ืืขื ืืคืืจืืช. (ืข' ืฉ\"ืข ืฉืื ืกื' ืจ\"ื ืกื' ื\"ื):"
|
248 |
+
],
|
249 |
+
[
|
250 |
+
"ืื ืขืฉื ืฆืจืืื ืงืืื ืืกืขืืื ืืืื ืืืื ืืืืืจ ืืฉืจ ืืฆืจ ืืขื ื\"ื ืืื ืืขืฉื ืืืืคื ืืืจ ืืืื ื ืืืืจ ืืงืืื ืืฉืจ ืืฆืจ ืืืืื ืฉื ืืช ืืืืจื ืขื ื\"ื ืื ืืืืจ ืฉืืืื ื ืงืืืช ืืื ืืืจื ืขื ื\"ื ืขื ื ืืืื ืฉื ืื ืืื ืืขืฉื ืื \"ื ืื\"ื ืืขื ื\"ื ืืื ืขื ืื ื ืืื. (ืจ\"ื ืฉืื ืืืจื ืืชืืื ืขื ื\"ื ืืื\"ื ื\"ื ื\"ื ืืืช ืื ืื ืืฉืื ืืคืกืง. ืืข' ืฉ\"ืข ืฉืื ืกื' ืงืก\"ื ืกืง\"ื):"
|
251 |
+
],
|
252 |
+
[
|
253 |
+
"ื ื\"ื ืืกืขืืื ื ืืื ืื ืืืื ืชืืื ืืืืจื ืขื ื\"ื ืงืืื ืฉืื ืื ืืืื. ืืื ืืืืจ ืฉืื ืืืืื ืืื ืืืืืจ ืืืื. ืืืืืจ ืืืืฆืื ืืื ืจืฉืืช:"
|
254 |
+
],
|
255 |
+
[
|
256 |
+
"ืคืช ืืืื ืืืืกื ืื ืฆืจืื ื ื\"ื ืื ืงืืืข ืกืขืืื ืขืืื:"
|
257 |
+
],
|
258 |
+
[
|
259 |
+
"ืขืืื ืฉืืฉ ืืืชื ืืฉืืื ืืืืื ืืื ืืืฆืื ืืืื ื ืงืจืืื ืคืช ืืืื ืืืืกื ืื:"
|
260 |
+
],
|
261 |
+
[
|
262 |
+
"ืืืจ ืฉืืืืื ืืืฉืงื ืฆืจืื ื ื\"ื ืืืจืื ืืืื ื ืืืื ืืืืืืฅ ืืืขืงืื ืืฉืืืืืืื ืืืชื ืืื\"ืฉ ืื ืืฉืืจ ืืฉืงื ืฉืืื ืืฉืืขื ืืฉืงืื. (ืขืืื ืฉ\"ืข ืฉืื ืกื' ืงื \"ื ืก\"ืง ื\"ื):"
|
263 |
+
],
|
264 |
+
[
|
265 |
+
"ืืืจืื ืืืืื ืืกืขืืื ืฉืื ืืืืช ืืกืขืืื ืืขืื ืื ืืจืื ืืคื ืื ืืื ืืืืจืื ืืืื ื ืืืจืื ืฉืืื ื ืงืืืขืื ืืืืืช ืืชืืฉืืื ืืกืขืืื:"
|
266 |
+
],
|
267 |
+
[
|
268 |
+
"ืคืืืขืืจืื ื\"ืฆ ืืจืื ืืชืื ืืกืขืืื. (ืืื ืืื ืขืฉื ืืฆืื ืืขืืจื ื ืืขืฉืื ืืืืื ืืชืื ืืกืขืืื ืืืืฉืื ืืืืื ืืฉืชื'):"
|
269 |
+
],
|
270 |
+
[
|
271 |
+
"ืืื ืืืจืื ืื ืืืื ืืืฆืื ืืื ืืื ืจืืฉืื ืื (ืขืืื ืืฉ\"ืข ืฉืื ืกื' ืงืค\"ื ืก\"ืง ื\"ื). ืืื ืืคืืืช ืืจืืืขืืช ืืืชืื ืืื:"
|
272 |
+
],
|
273 |
+
[
|
274 |
+
"ืืืื\"ื ื ืืื ืจืฉืืช ืืืชืืื ืืจืื ืืชื ืืื ืืจืื ืืื ืื\"ืฉ:"
|
275 |
+
],
|
276 |
+
[
|
277 |
+
"ืืื ืืขืืจ ืืืก ืฉื ืืื\"ื ืืงืืืืฉ ืืืืืื ืฉืืื ืฉืฉื ืืืกืืช ืกืืื. ืื\"ื ืืื ืืื\"ื ืืืจืื ืื' ืืขืืืื:"
|
278 |
+
],
|
279 |
+
[
|
280 |
+
"ืกืืื ืืจืื ืฉืืืฉืืช ืืื ื ืืจืืฉืืื ืืื:"
|
281 |
+
],
|
282 |
+
[
|
283 |
+
"ืืืฉ ื ืืื ืืืื ืืื ืื\"ื ืืืืื ื ืืกืืจื ืืืฉืื (ืขืืื ืืืืจืื ืืฉ\"ืข ื\"ื ืกื' ืจืฆ\"ื ืก\"ืง ื') ืืืื ืืืืืง ืืื ืืืืื ืืฉืชืื ืืืจืคืืื ืฆ\"ื ืคืืืช ืคืืืช ืืืฉืขืืจ ืืฉืืจืื ืืกืืจ ืฉืืื ืืขืืื. ืืืกืืจ ืืืืจ ืืืฉืจืื ืื ืื ืืืกืจ ืงื ื ืื ืืืฉ ืืคืืื ืืื ื ืืืืจ ืืคืืจืืฉ ืจืง ืฉืืืืข ืฉืืืื ืืื ืฉืืจ ืืื\"ืฉ ืืืืืฆื ืืื ื\"ื ืืืฉ ืืื ืืืืจ ืื ืงื ื ืื ืืขืืืจ ืขื ืืคื ื ืขืืจ ืื ืชืชื ืื':"
|
284 |
+
],
|
285 |
+
[
|
286 |
+
"ืืืขื ืื ื ืืื ืืช ืขื ืืืฉ ืื ืืื ืืืืข ืฉืืกืืจ ืืืืื ืืืฉ ืืื ื ื ืืื ืขืืื. ืืื ืืื ื ืืืืข ืฉืืื ืืกืืจ ืืกืืืจ ืฉืืื ื ืืื ืืืช ืืกืืืืช ื ืืื:"
|
287 |
+
],
|
288 |
+
[
|
289 |
+
"ืืืื ืืืืื ืืื ืืฉืืช ืืืืืื ืืืืื ืฉื ืฉืืื ืืื ืขืืื ืข\"ื:"
|
290 |
+
],
|
291 |
+
[
|
292 |
+
"ืฉืื ืืืืื ืืืืื ืฉืืืจื ืื ืืื ืืืกืืจืื:"
|
293 |
+
],
|
294 |
+
[
|
295 |
+
"ืืฉ ืืื ืืข ืืฉืชืืช ืืื ืืื ืืืจืืงืื ืืคืฉืืื ืฉืื ืืงืืฉ ืขืืื ืืืืจื ืขืืื ืืฉืืื ืืืื ืืืืชื ืืืืจ ืืฉืชืืช:"
|
296 |
+
],
|
297 |
+
[
|
298 |
+
"ืืืื ืืงืืฅ ืืืืจ ืืกื ื ืืืื ืงืืื ืืฉืื. ืืืื ื ืงืจืฉ ืืืกืืจ ืืงืจืื ืฉื ืืฆืืื ืฉื ืชืืืขืื:"
|
299 |
+
],
|
300 |
+
[
|
301 |
+
"ืืืืืจ ืืจืืืช ืืื ืืืจ ืืืื ืื ืืฉ ืื ื ืืืื. ืืงืืฅ ืืืจ ืืืื ืขื ืฉืืฉื ืืืื ืืื ืืืชืจ. ืืืกืืช ืืืื ืื ืื ืฉื ืืืืื ืืฉืจืืฃ ืฆืจืื ืืื ื' ืืื:"
|
302 |
+
],
|
303 |
+
[
|
304 |
+
"ืืืื ืืกืืจ ืืฃ ืฉืืื ื ืืฉืื ืืฆืืื ืืื ืื ื. ืืืื ื\"ื ืืื ื ืืืจ ืืื ืืื ืืืืจ:"
|
305 |
+
],
|
306 |
+
[
|
307 |
+
"ืืฆืื ืืงื ืืช ืก\"ืช ืื ื\"ื ืื ืืืชืื. ืืคื' ืืืืฃ ืืฆืื ืื ืืฉืืง ืืื ืืืืื ืืขืืช ืืืฆืื ืืฉืืจื ืืฆืืช. ืืืชืื ืืื ืืขืืื ืืืืชืจ ืืืื ืงืืื ืืืจ ืกืื ื:"
|
308 |
+
],
|
309 |
+
[
|
310 |
+
"ืืืืื ืงืืืข ืืฉืื ืืื ืืืืกืื. ืืืืืจื ืืืืช ืคืกืืื:"
|
311 |
+
],
|
312 |
+
[
|
313 |
+
"ืื ืืืจืื ืืืืืื ืืงืืฃ ืืืืืื ืฉืื ืืื ืืคืกืง ืืืจ ืืื ืืืืืื ืืืืืืช ืืืืช:"
|
314 |
+
],
|
315 |
+
[
|
316 |
+
"ืืคืืื ืจืคืช ืืงืจ ืืืื ืืืืืื. ืืื ืืืฉืฉ ืืืงืื ืืืื ืฃ ืืจืื ืฉืืื' ืืฉื ืกืืืจ ืฉืื ืืื' ื ืจืื ืืืืฅ:"
|
317 |
+
],
|
318 |
+
[
|
319 |
+
"ืืืจ ืฆืจืื ืืืืืื ืืืืืฆื ืื\"ื ืืคืืื ืืืื ื ืืื ืืฉื ื ืฉืืืฉ ืืื ืืืืจื ืืจืืช ืืขืงื:"
|
320 |
+
],
|
321 |
+
[
|
322 |
+
"ืืื ืคืืืื ืืื ืืืฉื ืกืืขืื ืืคื ืืืื ืืืืืื ืืืจื ืืืฉื ืจืืื ืฉืืื ืฉืฉื ืจืืื ืืกืฃ ืืืืงื ื ืชืื ื ืืืฉ ืืื ืืืจื ืืขืืื. ืืื ืฉื ืคืื ืื ืืื ืืืืจ ืืืืืจ ืืืคืื ื\"ืข ืืืืจื. ืืื ื ืชื ื ืชืื ื ืืืฉ ืจืง ืคืืืช ืืกื ืื \"ื ืืคืื ื\"ืข ืืื ืืจืื. ืืฉืืขื ื ืฉืขืฉื ืืขืฆืื ืืขืฉื ืฉืืื ื\"ื ืืื ืืืืจ ืืคืื ื\"ืข ืืฉืฉื ืจื\"ื ืืืจืื ืื ืชื ื ืืืื ื ืชืื ื ืืืฉ. ืืืขื ืฉืืืื ืคืื ืืืชื ืื ืืื ืืขืืื (ืขื' ืืืืจืื ืืฉ\"ืข ืื\"ื ืกื' ืฉ\"ื ืก\"ืง ื' ืืกืืคื):"
|
323 |
+
],
|
324 |
+
[
|
325 |
+
"ืจืืืชื ืฉืงื ื ืืืืจ ืืืื ื ืืืื ืืฉืืื ืืืืจืช ืื ืชื ืืขืฆืื ืืืืืจ ืืืื ืืืจื ืฉืืืืื ื:"
|
326 |
+
],
|
327 |
+
[
|
328 |
+
"ืืื ืฉืื ืขืื ืื ืชื ืืจืืข ืืืืืื ืขื ืืืฉืื ืืืงืืื ืืืื ืืืืจื ื\"ื ืฉืืืืื ื ืืืืจ ืฉืืืจืืข ืืื ืขืฆื ืืื ืืื ืืคืืกืงืื ืืขืค\"ื ื ืชื ืฉื ื ืขืฆืืืช:"
|
329 |
+
],
|
330 |
+
[
|
331 |
+
"ืืืจ ืืืชื ืื ืืืช ื\"ื ืืืื ืืืืื ืืืืคื ืฉืืืืืจ ืืฉ\"ืข (ืื\"ื ืกื' ืฉื\"ื ืกืขื' ื' ืื\"ื ืกื' ืชื \"ื ืกืขื' ื' ืืื\"ื. ืืข\"ืฉ ืืืืจื ืืืืื):"
|
332 |
+
],
|
333 |
+
[
|
334 |
+
"ืืืื ื ืืคื ืื ืฉืขืืจ ืืื ืื ืืฆื ืืื\"ื ืงืืืืจื. ืืืฉ ืืฉืขืจ ืืืืืจื ืืคื ืืฉืืื ืื ืืขื ืื ืจืืืขืืช ืืืืืช ืืคืกื:"
|
335 |
+
],
|
336 |
+
[
|
337 |
+
"ืขืืกืช ืืขืงืื ืืืื ืืืื ืืื ืงืืืื:"
|
338 |
+
],
|
339 |
+
[
|
340 |
+
"ืืขื ืื ืืื ืืืืืืช ืืช ืื ืืคืฉืจ ืืกืืืจ ืืืืจ ืฉืืืื ืืชืืื ืืคืชื ืืืืื ืืช ืืื ืืื ืืืชืจ ืืฉืืคืชื ืืคืชืืื ืืืืื ืืืฆืจ ืืืจืช:"
|
341 |
+
],
|
342 |
+
[
|
343 |
+
"ืืื ืืืชืจ ืืจืืืื ืืื. ืจืง ืืงื ืืืช ืฉืืจ ืืื:"
|
344 |
+
],
|
345 |
+
[
|
346 |
+
"ืืฆืื ืืจืืืฅ ืื ืืืคื ืืข\"ืฉ ืืขื\"ืค ืื ืคืืืช ืืคื ืื ืืืื ืืจืืืื:"
|
347 |
+
],
|
348 |
+
[
|
349 |
+
"ืฉืื ืืืื ืืืจืืฅ ืขื ืฉืืชืคืื ืืงืืื ืื ืื ืื ืื ืฉืืื ืขืืืื ืงืืื ืืฆืืช ืืื ืืกืขืืื ืืืืื ืืืืื ื ืืจืืช ืืืชืื ื ืืกืืื ืืกืืช:"
|
350 |
+
],
|
351 |
+
[
|
352 |
+
"ืืืืงืช ืื ืจ ืืงืืื ืืื ืืืืืืง (ืขืืื ืืฉ\"ืข ืฉืื ืกื' ืจืก\"ื ืก\"ืง ื\"ื) ืืคืขื ื' ืืืจืืื ืืื ืืื ืื ืื ืืืืืืง ืืคืืื ืข\"ื ื\"ื ืืฃ ืฉืืืื\"ื ืื ืืืจื ืขืืืื ืืืืืจ ืฉืืจ ืืืื ืืฉืืช:"
|
353 |
+
],
|
354 |
+
[
|
355 |
+
"ืืื ื\"ื ืืื ืืจืื ืืื ืื ืจืืช ืฉืื ืืืช ืขื ืฉืื ืขืืื ืืจืืคืืื ืืืืืืง ืฉืื ืืืช ืจืง ืฉื ืืื ืื ืื ืจืืื ืืืื ืืืงืื:"
|
356 |
+
],
|
357 |
+
[
|
358 |
+
"ืืื ืืืขืืื ืื ืจืืช ืขื ืืฉืืื ืืื ืืื ื ืื ืฉืืชื ืืืื ืืงืืื:"
|
359 |
+
],
|
360 |
+
[
|
361 |
+
"ืื ืืงืจื ืืืืจ ืื ืจ ื\"ื ืฉื ืื ืืกืคืจ ืืื ืืื ืืืืคื ืืืจ:"
|
362 |
+
],
|
363 |
+
[
|
364 |
+
"ืชืคืืช ืขืจืืืช ืืคื' ืืฉืืช ืืืื ื ืืืงื ืืืฃ ืืืืื ืื ืื ืืคืฉืจ ืืื ืื ืขืฉืจื:"
|
365 |
+
],
|
366 |
+
[
|
367 |
+
"ืขืจืืืช ืืฉืืช ืืชืืืืื ืืจืื ืืฆืืืจ. ืืืืืจ ืชืคืืช ื\"ื ืืืืจ ืืฉ\"ืฅ ืืืฆืืืจ ืืืืืจืื ืืืืืื. ืืืื ืืืืช ืืืืจ ืืฉ\"ืฅ ืืื ืืืขื ืฉืืืขืื:"
|
368 |
+
],
|
369 |
+
[
|
370 |
+
"ืื ืืฉืื ืืจื ืืืื\"ื ืืืคืืจืกื ืืื ืื ืืื' ืืืื ื\"ืฅ ื\"ืฅ ืืงืืืชื ื ืื ืชืืงืฉ ืืืฉืืื ืฉื ืืขืื ืืฆืคืช ืชืื\"ื ืขื' ืกื' ืจืข\"ื ืื\"ื ืกืง\"ื ืฉืืชื ืื \"ื ืืื ืจืืฆื ืื' ืืฉืืขืชื ืืฉื ืืืืื ืืืกืื ืฉืืืจ ืฉืื ืืื ื ื ืืื ืืืืืจืื ื ืืืจืืืช (ืืฃ ื\"ื ืข\"ื) ืจื ืฆืื ืฉื ืฉืืช ืื'. ืช\"ืฉ ื\"ืจ ื ืืื ืืืจ ืฉืืืื ืื' ืืฉืืข ืืืงื ืืฉืืชืคืื ืชืืื ืื ืืืื ืืงืืฉ ืืืข\"ื ืืื ืืฉืืื ื ืืชืคืื ืืื ื ืืืื ืืงืืฉ. ืืื ืืฆืืชื ืืจืื\"ื ืกื' ืง\"ืข ืฉืืชื ืืืืชืคืื ืฉื ืฉืืช ืืข\"ืฉ ืืืข\"ื ืืืขืช ืืงืืฉ ื ืื ืขื ืืืืก ืืืข\"ื ืืฉืืข ืืืงื ืฉืืชืคืื ืชืืื ืขื\"ื ืืจื ืจ' ืืืื ื\"ืฅ:"
|
371 |
+
],
|
372 |
+
[
|
373 |
+
"ืืฉืขืช ืงืืืฉ ืขื ืืืื ืื ืืื ืืืื ืขื ืืฉืืืื (ืขื' ืชืืก' ืืคืกืืื ื' ืง' ืข\"ื ื\"ื ืฉืืื ืื'):"
|
374 |
+
],
|
375 |
+
[
|
376 |
+
"ืืื ืืขืืจ ืืืก ืฉื ืงืืืฉ ืืืื\"ื ืืืืืื ืืฉืฉื ืืืกืืช ืกืืื ืื\"ื ืืื ืืื\"ื ืืืจืื ืื' ืืขืืืื (ืืจืืืช ื' ื \"ื):"
|
377 |
+
],
|
378 |
+
[
|
379 |
+
"ืืืืจ ืืื ืืืื ืงืืืฉ. ืืืงืืฉืื ืืื\"ื ื ืืืืื ืืืืื:"
|
380 |
+
],
|
381 |
+
[
|
382 |
+
"ืืงืืฉ ืืืืฉื. ืืืืื ืฉืืฉื ืชืืืืช ืื ืืื ืืื. ืืฉืืชื ืืืื ืจืง ืฉืืฉืืืจ ืงืฆืช ืฉืืฉืืจื ืืืืืชืื. ืื\"ืฆ ืืจืื ืืืจืื ื:"
|
383 |
+
],
|
384 |
+
[
|
385 |
+
"ืืฃ ืืงืืืฉ ืืืื ืืื ื ืืงืืฉ ืืื ืืืงืื ืกืขืืื ืืืืจื ืืื ืืื ื ืชืจืืืื ืื ืืื:"
|
386 |
+
],
|
387 |
+
[
|
388 |
+
"ืืืืฆืข ืขื ืฉืชื ืืืืช ืฉืืืืืช ืืืืื ื ืืืชื ืฉืชืืื ืืืื (ืืื ืื ืกืขืืื ืืื ืืื\"ื) ืืืขืช ืืจืฉื\"ื ื\"ื ื ืืฆื ืืื ืืฉืืช ืืืื ืฉืฉื ืืืืช ืืืืืื ืข\"ืค ืืืืืจ ืืคืขื ืืื ืืื ืืื ืืื ืืคื ืื ืืื ืืืืช ืืืฆืข ืืช ืืืื:"
|
389 |
+
],
|
390 |
+
[
|
391 |
+
"ืืชืงื ืช ืขืืจื ืืืืื ืฉืื ืืืื ืฉืืช ืืื ื ืฉืื ืืื ืฉืืื ื ื ืฉืื (ืขืืื ืืขืื ืกื' ืฆ\"ื) ืืืฉืื ืืืื ืืืืฉื:"
|
392 |
+
],
|
393 |
+
[
|
394 |
+
"ืืืืื ืืฉืืช ืื ืฆืจืื ืืงืจื ืืืื ืืืืื ืื\"ืฉ ืืื ืืฉืืช ืื ื\"ื ืืืืืจ ืฉืื ืืื ืืืื ืกืืืื ืืืืฆื ืฉืืจื ืืืคืกืื ืืคืฉืืื ืื ืฆืจืื ืืขืืืจ ืืจื ืืืช ืืืจืืฅ ืฉืืกืืจ ืืขืืืจ ืืืจืืฅ ืฉื ืืคืจืื ืืืืื ืฉื ืืคืจืื ืื:"
|
395 |
+
],
|
396 |
+
[
|
397 |
+
"ืืฉืืช ืฉืืจืืช ืืชืค๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝืืื ืืคืืจืื ืขื ืฉืืื ืขื ืืืฉืืื ืขื ืืชืืื ืืฉ\"ืฅ. ืืืื ืืขืฆืื ืืชืืื ื\"ืฉ ืืืืืจ ืคื\"ื ืืงืื ืจื ืขื ืฉืืื ืขื ืืื ืืื\"ื:"
|
398 |
+
],
|
399 |
+
[
|
400 |
+
"ืืื ืืืืจืื ืืฆืื ืงืจืื\"ืฅ ืืฉืื ืฉืืช ืฉื ืื ืืืืช ืืฉื ื ืจืง ืืืจืืข ืคืจืฉืืืช ืืืฉื\"ื ืืืืจืื ืืงืจืื\"ืฅ ืืืจ ืชืคืืช ืฉืืจืืช ืงืืื ืืื ืืืื ืื\"ื ืืืื ืื ืชืขืื ืงืืืฉื ืื' ืจืง ืืคืืื ืฉืืืจืื ืืฉื ืืืกืฃ ืค' ืฉืงืืื ืืค' ืืืืฉ ื\"ื ืืื:"
|
401 |
+
],
|
402 |
+
[
|
403 |
+
"ืืืืงืื ืืชืคืืช ืฉืืช. ืืืืฃ ืืืฃ ืืืคื ืื' ืืกืืื ืืืืฃ ืืืืื. ืื\"ื ืืื ืืื ืืืชื ืื ืืฉืื ื ืขืจืืื. ืื ืืกื ืขื ืืื ืื ืืกื ืืืื ืืชืงืืฉ ืฉืื ื' ืืืืื ื ืื ื ืืขืื ื ืื':"
|
404 |
+
],
|
405 |
+
[
|
406 |
+
"ืงืจืืืช ืืชืืจื ืืืื ืืก\"ืช ืืคืืื ืืื ืืืืช ืฉื ื ืืืื ืืืืืืื ืืืืจ ืืืืจ ืื\"ืฉ ืืืืช ืืืจ:"
|
407 |
+
],
|
408 |
+
[
|
409 |
+
"ืคืืชื ืืืืจื ืืงืืจื ืืื\"ื ืืืื ืืืืจื:"
|
410 |
+
],
|
411 |
+
[
|
412 |
+
"ืฆืจืื ืืฉืืืข ืื ืชืืื ืืชืืื ืืืจืืืช ืืืืืฉ ืืื ืืกืืืข ืืืงืืจื ืืื:"
|
413 |
+
],
|
414 |
+
[
|
415 |
+
"ืืื ืงืืจืืื ื\"ื ื' ืงืจืืืื. ืืืื ืืกืืืืื ืืคืจืฉืืืช ืื ืจืฉืืื ืืืืืฉ ื\"ื ืืืงืื ืฉืืื ืคืชืืื ืื ืกืชืืื ืื ืืืงืื ืฉื ืจืื ืืืชืจ ืืคืกืง ืขื ืื:"
|
416 |
+
],
|
417 |
+
[
|
418 |
+
"ืืื ืฉืืช ืืื ืขืืื ืืฉืฉื. ืืืืจืืข ืคืจืฉืืืช ืขืืื ืืืคืืืจ. ืืค' ืืืืจ ืงืืจื ืืขืฆืื ืืคืจืฉื ืืชืืจื:"
|
419 |
+
],
|
420 |
+
[
|
421 |
+
"ืืฉืืื ืงืืจื ืค' ืืืืจ ืงืืจื ืืืจ ืืกืืื ืชืืช ืืืืื:"
|
422 |
+
],
|
423 |
+
[
|
424 |
+
"ืืืื ืืื ืืขืฆืื ืืืื ืืืคืืืจ ืืชืืื ืขื ืฉืืืืืื ืืก\"ืช:"
|
425 |
+
],
|
426 |
+
[
|
427 |
+
"ืืคืืืจื ืื ืืืื ืืืขืืื ืื ืืื ื ืืชื ืืืืืื ืืก\"ืช ืขื ืขืืืืื ืื' ืงืืจื ืืืื ืฉืืืขืื. ืืื ืืฆืืืจ ืงืืจืืื ืืงืื ืจื ืขื ืืงืืจื ื ืขืฉื ืืจืืช ืืงืืจื ืืจืื ืืืืื. ืื\"ืฉ ืื\"ื ืืฉื ืก' ืืืืื ืืช (ืกื' ืจืค\"ื ืก\"ืง ื') ืืืืจื ืืฉืงืืจืืื ืืืืืฉ ืฉืื ืฆืจืืืื ืืฆืืืจ ืืืืจ ืื ืืช ืขื ืืงืืจื ืืื ืืืื:"
|
428 |
+
],
|
429 |
+
[
|
430 |
+
"ืืืคืืืจื ืค' ืคืจื ืืกืืฃ ืคืกืืง ืืงืืฉืชื ืืช ืฉืื ืืืืื ืื' ืื ืืกื ืืืงืืฉื ืืื ืืขืื ืืื:"
|
431 |
+
],
|
432 |
+
[
|
433 |
+
"ืืงืื ืคืืจืงื ืืื ืฉืืืจื ืืื ืืจืืืื ืืืฉืืืจืืื ืืืืฉ ื\"ื ื\"ื ืจืง ืืฉืืืจืืื ืจ\"ื ืื ืืืืจืื ืืืชื:"
|
434 |
+
],
|
435 |
+
[
|
436 |
+
"ืืงืืืฉืช ื ืขืจืืฆื ืืืืจ ืืืืืช ืืื ืืืืืื ืื ื ื' ืืืืืื ืืื ืืคืกืง ืืื. ืื ืืื ืคืกืืง ืืื:"
|
437 |
+
],
|
438 |
+
[
|
439 |
+
"ืฉืืช ืืฉืืืจ ืืื ืฉืื ืืืืจ ื\"ื ืืืจื ืชืืจื ืืืืจืืืช ืื ืจืืช ืืฉืื ืืื ืืช ืืืืชื ืืืจืื ืฉื ืขืฉื ืข\"ืค ื\"ื ืื ืืืื ืืจื ืืจืืืืช ืฉืื ื (ืขื' ืืฉ\"ืข ืฉืื ืกื' ืฉื\"ื ืก\"ืง ื\"ื ืื\"ื) ืืคืฉืืื ืฉืื ืืฆืืืช ืื\"ื ืืขืฉืืช ืฉืื ืืืจ. ืืื ืฉืื ืื ืืฉืจืื ืข\"ื ื\"ื ืืกืืจ ืืื ื ืืืชื ืืืืชืจ ืืืฉืจืื ืืืจ:"
|
440 |
+
],
|
441 |
+
[
|
442 |
+
"ืฉืื ืืืฉื ืืฉืืช ืืื ืืคื' ืืืงืื ืฉืืฉ ืขืืจืื ืืคืืื ืืืฆืจ ืืืืืช ืื ืืฉื ื\"ื ืืืื. (ืข' ืฉ\"ืข ืฉืื ืกื' ืฉ\"ื ืก\"ืง ื\"ื ืื\"ื):"
|
443 |
+
],
|
444 |
+
[
|
445 |
+
"ืืื ืืฉื ืื ืืืืขืื ืื ืฉืชืงืื ืืืืจืื ืืฆืื ืืืืจ ืื ืฉืื ืืชืืฉืืืื ืืกืืจืื ืืคืืื ืืืฆืจ ืืืืืช. ืืื ืฉืื ืืืฉื ืชืื ืืง ืืจื ืืจืืืืช ืฉืื ื (ืขื' ื\"ื ืกื' ืฉ\"ื ืก\"ืง ืข\"ื):"
|
446 |
+
],
|
447 |
+
[
|
448 |
+
"ืืื ืืืื ืืืฅ ืืชืืื ืข\"ืค ืขืืจืื ืืืื ืืืขืจ ื\"ื ืฉืชื ืกืขืืืืช ืืืื\"ื ืคืช ืื ืืืคืช ืื ืืช ืืคืช:"
|
449 |
+
],
|
450 |
+
[
|
451 |
+
"ืขืืจืืื ืืฆืืจืืช ืืื ืืกืืื ืขื ืืืฆื ืฉืืืื\"ื . ืืื ืืื ืืื ืื ืืื ืข\"ืฉ ืืืืจื ืื ืืฉ ืืฉืฉ ืืืืืื ืืขืื ืืื ืืฉืฉืืช:"
|
452 |
+
],
|
453 |
+
[
|
454 |
+
"ืืื ืืืืืืจ ืฉืื ืืืจ ืืชื ืืจ ืืืจ ืฉืืขืืื ืืืืจ ืืืื ืืื ืื ืืขืืื ืจืง ืขื ืืชื ืืจ ืืืชืจ:"
|
455 |
+
],
|
456 |
+
[
|
457 |
+
"ื ืืกื ืืจืื ืฉืืืฉืืช ืืืื\"ื ืืฉืืช ื ืืื ื ื' ืืืืื ื ืื' ืืืขืช ืืจื\"ืฃ ื\"ื (ืขืืื ืฉ\"ืข ืฉืื ืกื' ืงืค\"ื ืก\"ืง ื'):"
|
458 |
+
],
|
459 |
+
[
|
460 |
+
"ืืขื ืื ืืืื ืฉืืช ืื ืืื ืืืืืืฃ ืืืฃ ืจืื ืืขื ืจืืฉ ืื ืืขืืจ ืืืจ ืฉืื ืืืืืืฃ:"
|
461 |
+
],
|
462 |
+
[
|
463 |
+
"ืชืคืืช ืื ืื ืืงืืื ืืื ืืคืืื ืืืื ืืืฉืืช ืืงืืื ืืืชืจ ืืฉืื ืกืขืืื ืฉืืืฉืืช. ืืืืืืช ืืืืจืฃ ื\"ื ืืจืื ื ืคืฉื:"
|
464 |
+
],
|
465 |
+
[
|
466 |
+
"ืืื ืื ืืฉืืช ืื' ืื' ื\"ืฆ ืืงืจืืช ืจืง ืื\"ื ืคืกืืงืื ืืืื ืืืืกืืฃ ืฉืื ืืฆืืจื. ืืื ืกืืื ื' ืคืกืืงืื ืืคืชืืื ืื ืืกืชืืื ืงืืจืืื ืขื ืคืชืืื ืื ืกืชืืื:"
|
467 |
+
],
|
468 |
+
[
|
469 |
+
"ืืืืื ืืืืฉื (ืข' ืฉ\"ืข ืฉืื ืกื' ืจืฆ\"ื ืก\"ืง ื\"ื). ืืืืืจืืช ืืจืขื ื ืืฉืืืื ื ืื ืืืืืืชืื ื ืืจืื ืื'. ืืืจ ืืืช ืืืขืงื ืืื ืืื ืฉืืื ืืขืฉื ืขืื ืื\"ืฉ ืื ืืื ืชืฉืืื ื:"
|
470 |
+
],
|
471 |
+
[
|
472 |
+
"ืืขืช ืชืคืืช ืขืจืืืช ืืจ\"ื ืืจืืื ืงืฆืช ืื ืจืืช. ืืืื ืืืืฉ ืืืืข ืฉืืช ืืืืื ืจ\"ื ืฉืืื ืืืืจืืืชื:"
|
473 |
+
],
|
474 |
+
[
|
475 |
+
"ืืืื ืคืกืืง ืืืืจ ื ื ืื' ืืืืืจื ื ื ืืฉ\"ืฅ ืืื ืืืืจ ืืืฆืืืจ ืฉืืืขืื ืืขืื ืื ืืืื. ืืืืงื ืืืื ืฉืืืืืื ืืื ืืืื ืฉืืืืจืื ืื ืืฆืืืจ ืืืืจืื ืื ืืคืกืืง ืขื ืืกืื:"
|
476 |
+
],
|
477 |
+
[
|
478 |
+
"ืืืืืืื ืื ืืกื ืืืืืื ื' ืืืืื ื ืื ืืขืฉืื:"
|
479 |
+
],
|
480 |
+
[
|
481 |
+
"ืืจ\"ื ืืื ืขืฆืื ืขืืื ืืจืืืขื:"
|
482 |
+
],
|
483 |
+
[
|
484 |
+
"ืืงืจืืื ืืค' ืืชืืื. ืืจืืฉืื ืงืืจื ืืืืืจ. ืฆื. ืืืืจืช. ืืืฉื ื ืงืืจื ืืช ืืืืฉ ืืื. ืืขืฉืืจืืช. ืขืืืช. ืื ืกืื. ืืืช ืืืืฉ. ืืืฉืืืฉื ืืืืจ ืืืขืื ืืงืืจื ืขืืืช ืชืืื. ืื ืกืื. ืืืช ืืืืฉ. ืืืืื ืืฉืืช. ืขืืืช ืฉืืช. ืืืจืืืขื ืืชืืื ืืืจืืฉื ืืืฉืืื ืขื ืืขืฉื ืื ืกืื (ืื\"ื ืืฉ\"ืข ืฉืื ืกื' ืชื\"ื ืก\"ืง ื'):"
|
485 |
+
],
|
486 |
+
[
|
487 |
+
"ืืชืคืืช ืืืกืฃ ืื ืืกื ืืืจืื ืืืืื ืืื ืชืฉืืขืช ืื' ืื ืขื ืืืื ืืืฉ ืืื ืืฉืื ืขืืจ ืืืืืื ืืชืืื ืืงืฉื ืขื ืืขืชืื:"
|
488 |
+
],
|
489 |
+
[
|
490 |
+
"ืืื ืืืืจืื ืฉืืจ ืฉื ืืืื ืืืืืจืื ืืืงืืื ืื' ืืืื ืืจ\"ื ืืจืื ื ืคืฉื (ืืืืืจ ืง\"ื) ืฉืืื ืฉืืจ ืฉื ืจ\"ื ืืืืื ืืคื' ืฉื ืฉืืช ืืคืฉืืื ืฉื ืื ืืื (ืข' ืกืืื ื' ื \"ื ืข\"ื. ืืืชืฉื' ืจื\"ืข ืืคืื ื ืกื' ื\"ื):"
|
491 |
+
],
|
492 |
+
[
|
493 |
+
"ืืขื ืื ืฉืืจ ืฉื ืืื ืืื ืื ื ืงืื ืืืื. ื\"ื ืฉื ื ืืืืืจืื ืืืื ืืื. ืืฉื ืจ\"ื ืืืื ืืช ืืื ืืคืืื ืฉื ืฉืืช ืืฉืืจ ืฉื ืฉืืช ืืืื ืฉื ืื\"ื ืืืื\"ื ืืื ืืื:"
|
494 |
+
],
|
495 |
+
[
|
496 |
+
"ืงืืืฉ ืืื ื ืืื ืืืืืฆืื ืืืฆืื ืขื ืฉืืขื ืืืจ ืืืืื ืื ืขื ืืืฆืื ืฉืืช ืจืง ืชืืืฃ ืืืจ ืฉืืฉื ืืืื ืืืืืื ืืงืืฉืื ืืื ืืงืืฉืื ืงืืื ื\"ื ืืงืืื ืื\"ื:"
|
497 |
+
],
|
498 |
+
[
|
499 |
+
"ื ืืกื ืงืืืฉ ืืื ื ืฉืฉืืขืชื ืืฉื ืืจื ืจ' ืื ืืืื ืืฉืงืืื ืืฉื ืจืืื ื ืืฆ\"ื ืืคืก ืื ืืฉืชืืื ืฉืื ืืื ืืืขืืืืื ืืคื ืื ืืืืจ ืฉื ืื ืื. ืคืืขืื ืืืช ืฉืคืขืืืชื ืืืช ืืืืื ื ืืืจ ืฉืชืชืืืฉ ืืืืจ ืืงืจ ืืขืืจืช ืชืคืืจืช ืื' ืื\"ื ืืงืืฉ ืืืฉืื. ืืฉื ืฉืื ื ืจืืงื ืื ืืื ืืืื ื ื ืืืข ืืื ืื ืื ืืจืงืื ืืืจืื ืื ืืื ืื ืืืขื ืื. ืข\"ื ืฉืืขืชื ืื\"ื ืืืก' ืกืืคืจืื ืขื ืืืืช ืจืืื ื ื\"ื:"
|
500 |
+
],
|
501 |
+
[
|
502 |
+
"ืืื ืืืืจืื ืฉืื ืคืกืืงืื ืื ืืคื ื ืืงืืืฉ ืืื ืืืืจืื ืจืง ืืชืืื ืื\"ื ืื' ืืืกืืื ืกืืื ืืื ืื' ืืืืื ืื:"
|
503 |
+
],
|
504 |
+
[
|
505 |
+
"ืืื\"ื ืืื ืืืืจืื ืืขืจืืืช ืืื:"
|
506 |
+
],
|
507 |
+
[
|
508 |
+
"ืงืจืื\"ืฅ ืฉื ืจืืืื ืืืืจืื ืืืจ ืืื ืงืืื ืืื ืืืื. ืืืืืจืื ืื ืืื ืื\"ื ืืืื ืื ืชืขืื ืงืืืฉื. ืืืืกืฃ ืืื ืจืืฉืื ืฉื ืคืกื ืืฉื ืฉ\"ืข ืืฉืืจืืช ืืืืกืฃ ืฉื ืจ\"ื ืืื\"ื ืืืืจืื ืชืื ืืชืคืื:"
|
509 |
+
],
|
510 |
+
[
|
511 |
+
"ืืฉืขืช ืืืฆืืช ืก\"ืช ืืื ืืืืจืื ืจืง ืืจืื ืฉืื' ืืื ืฉืื ืจืืฉ\"ืข ืืื ืื ืื ืขื ืืื ืื ืคืกืืง ืืค\"ืข ืืื\"ื ืืืื ื ืืฉ\"ืฅ ืื ืื ืขื ืืื ืื' ืขื ืืืชื ืฉื ืืื\"ื ืืืืจืื ืืฆืืืจ ืืขืื ืื ืืืชื ืคืกืืง ืืืืืจ ืืฉ\"ืฅ ืืื ืื ืฉืื ืื' ืืืืืจืื ืืฆืืืจ ืืื ืขื ืืืืจื:"
|
512 |
+
],
|
513 |
+
[
|
514 |
+
"ืืื\"ื ืขืืื ืืืืืฉื. ืืื ื\"ื ืืืืื ืืงืจืืช ืืืืืฉื ืืคืกืืงืื ืืืืืจืื ืืขื ืื ื ืฉื ืืืชื ืืื ืขืืื ืืคืกืืงืื ืืืืืจืื ืืขื ืื ื ืฉื ืืื:"
|
515 |
+
],
|
516 |
+
[
|
517 |
+
"ืื ืฉืืืช ืืคืื ืืฉืืืข ืื ืืื ืืคื ืืืื ืื ืืื ืืืืจ ืฉืื ืคืกืืงืื:"
|
518 |
+
],
|
519 |
+
[
|
520 |
+
"ืืืื ืื ืืคืจืืื ืื ืืืฆืืขืืช ืืื ืืขืฉืืช ืืืฉื ืืืืจืื:"
|
521 |
+
],
|
522 |
+
[
|
523 |
+
"ืื ืืืืจ ืืฉ\"ืฅ ืื\"ื ืจืง ืชืืืฃ ืืฉืืกืืื ืืฉ\"ืฅ ืืื ื ืื ืืืืืืช ืืขืื ืื ืืฆืืืจ ืืื ืงืืจื ืืืื ืืขืืกืง ืืฆืจืื ืฆืืืจ ืืื ืื ืื ืืฉ\"ืฅ. ืืฉืืฉ ืฉื ื ืืื ืื ืืงืจื ืืืื ืืื ืื ืืืืื ืื ืืงืจื ืืืฉ\"ืฅ ืืงืจื ืืืื ืื ืืืจืื ืื':"
|
524 |
+
],
|
525 |
+
[
|
526 |
+
"ืืฉืืช ืืื\"ื ืื ืื\"ื ืฉืื ืืืืืช ืืฉืืช ืื ืืกื ืืืืฉืืื ื ืืืืจืช ืืืจืื ื ืงืืฉื ื ืืืฆืืชืื ืื' ืื\"ื ืื\"ื ืจืฆื ืืื ืืืชื ื:"
|
527 |
+
],
|
528 |
+
[
|
529 |
+
"ืืืจ ืขืืื ื ืืืืจืื ืฉืืจ ืืืืื ืืฉืืจ ืืืืื ืื ืืฉ ืฉืืืช ืืืืืจืื ืืืชืื ืืื ืืื ืคืกืืง ืืคืกืืง ืืืื ืืฉ\"ืฅ ืืื ืืฆืืืจ ืืืื ืฉืื ืคืกืืง. ืจืง ืืฉ\"ืฅ ืืืืจ ืคืกืืง ื' ืืืฆืืืจ ืืืืจืื ืืืืืจืื ืืืชื ืคืกืืง ืืขืื ืคืกืืง ื' ืืืคืกืืง ืฉืืฆืืืจ ืืืกืืคืื ืื ืืฉ\"ืฅ ืืืืจ ืขืืื ืืืืกืืฃ ืคืกืืง ื' ืืงืื ืจื ืืื ืขื ืกืืฃ ืฉื\"ื ืืื\"ื ืืืืจืื ืืืืืจ ืืฉืืื ืืืืชื ืืื ืืืืืืจ ืื ื' ืืืงืืื ืืืืขืื. ืงืืืฉ. ืืืื ืขืืื:"
|
530 |
+
],
|
531 |
+
[
|
532 |
+
"ืื ื ืืฉื ืกืืจ ืืชืคืื ืฉื ืื\"ื ืขื ืืฆืืช ืืชืคืื ืื ืื ืงืืื ืกืขืืื:"
|
533 |
+
],
|
534 |
+
[
|
535 |
+
"ืืืชืจ ืืืืื ืืจืืื ืืื\"ื:"
|
536 |
+
],
|
537 |
+
[
|
538 |
+
"ืืช ืืื\"ื ืจืืฉืื ืื ืขืกืงืื ืขื ืืื ืขืืืื ืืื\"ื ืฉื ื ืื ืขืกืงืื ืข\"ื ืืฉืจืื ืืืืชืจ ืืืืื ื ืืืื ืืื ืฉื ื ืืื ืฉืืชืขืกืงื ืื ืืฉืจืื (ืืืื ืืืขืช ืืจืื\"ื ื\"ื ืฉืืืื ืื\"ื ืกื' ืชื\"ื):"
|
539 |
+
],
|
540 |
+
[
|
541 |
+
"ืืื ืื ืืืื ืชืคืืื ืืืืื ืฉื ืืืขื (ืข' ืืฉ\"ืข ืฉืื ืกื' ื\"ื ืก\"ืง ื') ืืืืืืื ืืช ืืืืขืืืช ืืืกืืช ื ืงืื ืืืืืืื ืืฉืชื' ืงืจืื ืืื\"ื ืืืืจ. ืืืงืคืื ืขื ืื ืืื ืื ืื ืื ืืื ืืื ืืืืืจืื ืืืืฆืื ืืื ืืื ืืืื\"ื ืืื ืืืื ืืคืฉืืื ืฉืื ืืืฉื ืืื ืืช ืื ืฉืืจ ืคืจืืืืื ืฉืืื ื ืืืชืจ ื\"ื ืืืืจ ืืืื. ืืืืกืจื ืื ืืืืจื ืืื ืืื ืื ืชืคืืื ืืืงืจ ืืืงืจ:"
|
542 |
+
],
|
543 |
+
[
|
544 |
+
"ืืฉืืช ืื\"ื ืคืกื ืืกืืืืช ืืืฉืืืขืืช ืืื ื' ืืืจ ืืืฆืจืืช ืงืืื ืืื ืืืื ืงืืจืื ืืืืื ืื ืืืื ืืืขืื' ืืืืื ืื ืืชืืช ืืืืืื ืืก\"ืช ืขื ืขืืืืื ืื' ืงืืจื ืืืืื ืฉืืืขืื ืืืงืืจื ืืืจื ืฉืชื ืืจืืืช ืขื ืืงืจื ืืืื ืืฉืืืื ื. ืืคืขื ื' ืืืงืืข ืืืืชื ืฉื ืืืฉ ืืื ืืฉืืจืืช ืืฆืื ืืืืฆืื ืืก\"ืช ืืงืจืืช ืืื ืงืจืื ืืืืื. ืืืื ืื ืฆืื ืืงืจืืช ืืืืื ืืืืจื ืืื ืืืงืจ:"
|
545 |
+
],
|
546 |
+
[
|
547 |
+
"ืืขื ืื ืืคืืืจืช ืืขืจืื ืืฉืืช ืืืืื ืืกืืฃ ืืืื ืฆืื ืืืคืืืจ ืืขืจืื ืืฉืืช ืืืืื ืฉืืื ื ืื ืืข\"ืค ืืืื ืืืืจ ืฉืื ืื ืฉืืช ืืืืื ืืข\"ืค ืืื ืืืคืืืจ ืืขืจืื ืืืื ืืืคื ืื ืื ืืขืืื ืื ืืคื ืืืขืืื ืฉืืืืืจ ืืืืืฉ ืฉื ืชืงื ืืขืจืื ืืฉืืช ืืืืื ืืฉ ืืืคื ืืกืืจ:"
|
548 |
+
],
|
549 |
+
[
|
550 |
+
"ืืฉืืช ืืืืื ืืื ืื ืืื ืืืืจืื ืขืืืื ืืืื ื ืืืขื ืืืืืืจ ืืืืืืช' ืื ืชืงื ื ืืืืื ืืืื ืืจ\"ื ืชืืืื ืืืืจ ืืขืืืจ ืื ืืฉืขื ืฉืืฆื ืืืจืืจ ืื' (ืข' ืฉ\"ืข ืฉืื ืกื' ืช\"ื ืก\"ืง ื'):"
|
551 |
+
],
|
552 |
+
[
|
553 |
+
"ืืืืงืช ืืืฅ ืืืืจืื ืืืกืืงืื ืืืข\"ืค ืฉืืืง ืืืื ืฆืจืื ืืืืืง ืืืืจ ืื ืจ ืืคืืื ืืื ืชืืื ืืืคื' ืืกืคืจืื ืฉืืฉืชืืฉ ืืื ืืฉืขืช ืกืขืืื. ืื ืืฉื ืืื ืืืืืงื ืืื ืืืชืืื ืืืืืง ืงืืื ืืืืื ืืคืกืืง ืืืืฆืข ืืชืคืืช ืืขืจืื ืืืื ื ืืืฉืฉ:"
|
554 |
+
],
|
555 |
+
[
|
556 |
+
"ืืื ืืืืืช ืืืฅ ืืข\"ืค ืื ืืืื ืืืฉืืื ืืื ืฅ ืขื ืฉืงืืขืช ืืืื:"
|
557 |
+
],
|
558 |
+
[
|
559 |
+
"ืฉืื ืืืืืจ ืฉืื ืืืจ ืืืฅ ืื ืื ืืืืจื ืขืืืืืช:"
|
560 |
+
],
|
561 |
+
[
|
562 |
+
"ืืืจ ืืคืกื ืืื ืืืงื ืื ืืฉืืง ืื ืฉืืืคืื ืืงืื ืฉื ืืฉืจืื ืืืฉืืจืื ืืื\"ืฉ ืืฉืืจ ืฉื ืืฉืจืื ืื ืืืืืจื ืืจืืข ืข\"ื ืื ืืงื ื ืจืง ืฉืืื ืืฉื ื\"ื ืื ืืงืื ืฉื ืืฉืจืื ืื ืืื ื ืืชืืชื ืืื\"ืฉ ืืฉืืจ ืฉื ืืฉืจืื ืื ืืฉืชื ืขื ืฉืืขืฉื ืืืืฉ:"
|
563 |
+
],
|
564 |
+
[
|
565 |
+
"ืืืืืืข ืฆืจืื ื\"ื ืืืืืจื ืื\"ื ืืื ืืื ื ืืืื ืจืง ืืฉืืคืจืื ืื ืืฃ ืืค\"ืข ืืืืื ืืืื:"
|
566 |
+
],
|
567 |
+
[
|
568 |
+
"ืืืชืจ ืืืืื ืืืืืช ืฉื ื\"ื ืืคืกื ืืืคืืื ืืืืืื ืืืฅ:"
|
569 |
+
],
|
570 |
+
[
|
571 |
+
"ืื ืืืื ืืืืืื ื ืืกืจ ืืืื ืืืชืืจ ืืื ื ืงืื ืืืช ืืืื ืืืจื ืืืคื' ืืฉื ืช ืืฆืืจืช ืืื ืฉืื ืืจืข ืงื ืืืก ืืื ืืืชืืจ:"
|
572 |
+
],
|
573 |
+
[
|
574 |
+
"ืฉืืขืช ืืืื ืชืืื ืืฆืืช ืื ืฉืืขื ืืฆืื ืืืื ื ืงืืจื ืื ืจืฉืืช ืืื ืืืื ืืืื ืจืืฉืื ื ืฉืืื ืืืื ืืืฆืื ืืืื ืืืื ืจืฉืืช ืงืจื ืืื ืืขืค\"ื ืืฆืื ืืืืืจืืืชื ืืื ืืื ืคืืจืฉื ื\"ื ื\"ืฆ ืืืช ืคืกื ืืืฆื ืกืืืืช ืืกืืืื ืืขืื ืืื ืจืืืืช ืืืื ืืืื ืืื ืืฆืืช ืืืืืช ืืฆื ืื ืฉืืขื ืืืื\"ื ืืืจืื ืืื ืืืื ืกืขืืื ืฉืืืฉืืช ืืข\"ืค ืฉืื ืืื ืืืื ืฉืืฉ ืกืขืืืืช ืืฉืืจ ื\"ื ืืคื ื ืืืืืช ืืฆืืช ืืืืืช ืืฆื ืฉืืื ื ืืืื ืื ืืืืืฆืื ื\"ื ืืื ืืฉืชืื ืืืขืื ืืืฅ ืืื ืืืฉ ืืืืจืชื ื ืืื ืชืื ืืกืจ. ืืืื ื ืื ืข ืืืืื ืืืืจ ืคืกื ืืฆื ืฉืืืฆืืื ืื ืืื ืืืืชื ืืคืกื ืื\"ื ืืืืืจื ืืขืฉืืืช ืืืฆืื ืฉืืื ืขืืฉืื ืืืชื ืืื ืื ืืื ืืคื ื ืืืืจืช ืืืืจื ืืชืขืื ืฉืื:"
|
575 |
+
],
|
576 |
+
[
|
577 |
+
"ืืืฆืืช ืฉื ืื ืืื ืืคืกื ืืืื ืืืืื ืืฉืืืจืืช ืืฉืขืช ืงืฆืืจื ืืืืืืจ ืืื ืืืืจ ืืืืช ืฉืืืืื ืชื ื ืืฆืืื ืืื ืื ืืฉืืื ืืืื ืืงืฆืืจ ืืืชืืืื ืขื ืคื ื ืืฉืื ืืขืื ืืื ืืฉืฉืืช ืืืื ืืื ืืชืืืง ืจืืขืืชื:"
|
578 |
+
],
|
579 |
+
[
|
580 |
+
"ืืืชืจ ืืืืื ืืืืืื ืืชืืฉืืืื ืืขืฉืืื ืืงืื ืืฆืืช ืืืื ืืืืฉ ืฉืื ื ืฉืืจ ืืงืื ืฉืื ื ืืคื ืืคื ืืืฉืืื ืืืื ืืืืืฅ ืืืฃ ืฉืื ื ืืคื ืื ืฆืจืื ืขื\"ืค ืื ืืจืข ืืงืืืืช ืฉืืื ื ืืืืืฅ. (ืข' ืฉ\"ืข ืกื' ืชืก\"ื ืกืขืืฃ ื' ืืืืืจืื ืก\"ืง ื'):"
|
581 |
+
],
|
582 |
+
[
|
583 |
+
"ืืืืืจ ืืขืืื ืืขืช ืืคืืืช ืืฆืืช. ืืืื ื\"ื ืืื ืืืคื ืืืฆืืช ืฉืืืืืื ืืืืื ืจืืฉืื ื ืขื ืฉืืจ ืืืฆืืช ืืืื ืืื ืืื ืืงืคืื ืืืคืืชื ืืข\"ืค ืืืจ ืืฆืืช (ืข' ืฉ\"ืข ืฉืื ืกื' ืชื \"ื ืก\"ืง ื') ืื ืื ืขืฉื ืืื ืกืื ืื ืืื ืืื ืจืง ืืื ืืืจืจ ืืืืืืจืื ืฉืืื ืืืฆืืช ืืื ืจืืฉืื:"
|
584 |
+
],
|
585 |
+
[
|
586 |
+
"ืืข\"ืค ืื ืืื ืืืคืจืืฉ ืืื ืืืืฆืืช ืื ืืชื ื ืืืื ืืืืื (ืข' ืืขืื ืกืขื' ืง\"ื) ืืืื ืืืืช ืืฉื ื ืืคืจืืฉ ืืืช ืืืืจ:"
|
587 |
+
],
|
588 |
+
[
|
589 |
+
"ืืข\"ืค ืืืจ ืืฆืืช ืืื ืืืืจ ืคืกืืงื ืขืฉืืืช ืงืจืื ืคืกื ืฉืืชื \"ื ืืืื ื ืืค' ืื ืื ืืืืืจ ื' ืื ืืฉื ืืื ืืืจื ืขื ืคืกื ืืื ืื'. ืืื ืืืงืจื ืืฉื ืขื ืื ืขืฉื. ืืื ืืืืืจ ื' ืื ืืฉื ืืืืจื ืืืช ืืงืช ืืคืกื ืขื ืื ืขืฉื. ืืืค' ืืืืจ ืืื ืืืขืื ื' ืขื ืคืกื ืื'. ืืืค' ืืืขืืชื ืืืืืจ ื' ืื ืืฉื ืืืืืจ ืกืื ื ืืฉื ื ืืฉื ืืช ืขื ืืืืืจื ืืืจืฅ. ืืืค' ืคืื ืืก ืคืกืืง ืืืืืฉ ืืจืืฉืื ืืืจืืขื ืขืฉืจ ืืื ืืืืฉ ืคืกื ืื' ืืืค' ืจืื ืฉืืืจ ืืช ืืืฉ ืืืืื ืขื ืื ืชืขืฉื ืืืืื. ืืืืืืฉืข ืื ืืืื ื ืื ื ืืฉืจืื ืืืืื ืขื ืืขืฆื ืืืื ืืื ืงืืคืืื ื'. ืืืืืืื ื' ืงืืคืืื ื\"ื ืื ืืืฆื ืืืื ืืช ืื ืืขื ืขื ืื' ืืืจืืฉืืื ืืืืืจื ืืืืื ื' ืงืืคืืื ื' ืื ืืืฉืื ืืืืงื' ืขื ืื ืืฉืจืื ืขื ืืืจืคื ืืช ืืขื. ืืืงืืคืืื ื\"ื ืื ืืืขืฉ ืืืฉื' ืืืจืืฉืืื ืขื ื ืขืฉื ืืคืกื ืืื:"
|
590 |
+
],
|
591 |
+
[
|
592 |
+
"ืกืืจ ืฉื ืคืกื ืืืืืื ืืืืก ืืืงืืฉ ืื ืืืืื ืืืืื ืืืืจืืื ืขื ื ืืืืช ืืืื ืืืืื ืืืืืฅ ืืืืจื ืืคื\"ื ืืืืื ืืืืช ืืืื ื ืืืจื ืืจืื ืืืจืื ื ืืื\"ื ืืืืืื ืืงืขืจื ืขื ืืืฆืืช ืืืืืื ืืกืืืจืช ืฉื ื ืืฆืืช (ืข' ืฉ\"ืข ืฉืื ืกื' ืชืข\"ื ืก\"ืง ื\"ื) ืืืจืืจ ืืืจืืกืช ืืืจืืข ืืืืฆื ืงืขืจืช ืืกืืจ ืืืืฆืข ืืืืืื ืืืคืืงืืื ืื ืฉืืจ ืคืจืืกื ืืฉืืืื ืคืจืืกื ืืืืขืื ืืื ืื ืืืจืืข ืืืืืฆื ืชืืช ืืฉืืืื ืืืืฆื ืืืคื ืืืชื ืืืจืืจ ืืืจืืกืช ืืืืขืื ืืืืืื ืืงืขืจื ืืขืฆืื ืืืืืจ ืื ืืืื ืขื ืื ืืืื ืฉืืืขืื ืืื\"ื ื ืืืืื ืืงืขืจื ืืขื ืืฉืืืื ืืื ืืืืืื ืืืืก ืืฉืืืืื ืื ื ืฉืชื ื ืืืืืจ ืืืื ืืืืื ืฉืืืขืื ืืืฉืืืืข ืืขืฉืจ ืืืืช ื ืืชื ืื ืื ืืื ืืืื ืฉืืคื ืื\"ื ืคืขืืื ืืื ืืกืืื ืืฆ\"ื ืืื' ืฉืืคื ื\"ืค ืืืืก ืฉืื ืขืืื ืืขืืืจ ืืื ืืืืกืืช ืฉื ืื ื ืืืืช ืืืืืก ืฉืื ืืืืฆืข ืืืืืจ ืืืื ืขื ืฉืืืืข ืืืฆื ืื ืืืืืื ืืงืขืจื ืืืืืจ ืืืฆื ืื ืขื ืืฉืจ ืืืื ื ืืืืกืื ืืงืขืจื ืืืืืจ ืืฉืจ ืืืื ื ืืืืจื ืืคื\"ื ืืฉืืชื ืืืืก ืืื\"ื ืืืืื ืคื ื ืืืื ืืืืจ ืฉืืข ืืจืืืช ืื \"ื ืืืืื ื ืืื ืงืืืฉ ืืื ืขื ื\"ื ืืคื\"ื ืืฉืจ ืืืื ื ืืื ืืจืืช ืฉืขืฉื ื ืกืื ืืืคื\"ื ืขื ืืืก ืฉื ื ืืื\"ื ื ืืืืื ื๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝืืื ืืืืจืืื ืขื ื\"ื ืืืืืฆืื ืืขื ืืืืืช ืืฆื ืขื ืืคืจืืกื ืืืืฆืข ืฉื ืืื ืืื\"ื ืืืืืื ืืจืืจ ืืจืืกืง ืืืืช ืืฉืืขืืจื ืืืฆื (ืขืืื ืืขืื ืืืืงืืื ืืื ืื ืกืขืืฃ ืง\"ื) ืืืฉืงืขื ืืืจืืกืช ืืื ืืืจืืื ื\"ื ืืฉืงืข ืืืจืืกืช ืืื\"ื ืืืืืื ืืืืฆื. ืืืขื ืืืืืื ืื ืืคื ื ืืืืืืช ืื ื\"ื ืืืืืืจ ืืืืืืช ื\"ื ืืืื ืจืง ืืืขื ืฉืืื ืืืจ ืืืืืื ืื ืฆืื ืืื ืืืืื ืืคืกื ืืืจ ืืคืกื ืจืง ืืฉืจ ืืืจ ืืคืกื ืืืืฆื ืืืจ ืืืืืื ืืื\"ื ืืืืืื ืืคืืงืืื ืืืืช ืืืืงื ืงืืื ืืฆืืช ืืื ืืื ืืื ืืืงืคืื ืื ืืื ืืืจ ืืฆืืช ืืื\"ื ืืืืก ืืขืืืจ ืฉืคืื ืืืชื ืืืื ืื\"ื ืืืืืื ืืื ืจืง ืืืื ืื ืฉืืช ืืืฉืชืื ืืืืชื ืืืจืืืช ืืฉืชืื ืืคืืื ืืื ืืืืื ื:"
|
593 |
+
],
|
594 |
+
[
|
595 |
+
"ืืืคืืืจืช ืืื ืฉื ื ืืื ืืืืืื ืืคืกืืง ืืืื ืืชืืคืช ืฉืืื ืืืจ ืคืกืืง ืื ืื ืืขืื ืื' ืืื ืืคืกืืงืื ืฉืืืืจืื ืืื ืืืืืื ืืื ืจืง ืืคืกืืง ืืืช ืืืืืช ืืฉืจ ืข\"ืค ืืจืืฉืืื ืืืืืื ืฉืืืืจ ืืื ืืชื ืฉื ืฉืืื:"
|
596 |
+
],
|
597 |
+
[
|
598 |
+
"ืืฉืืืขื ืืืืจืื ืฉื ืคืกื ืืืืจืื ืืืืืฉืข ืขื ืกืืฃ ืืฉืืจื ืคืกืืง ืืคืกืืง. ืคืืื ืื ืคืชืจืืก ืืื ืืืืฉื ืืืืืจืื ืฉื ืคืกื ืื ืคืืื ืืืขื ืืชืคืืจืช ืืืืจืื ืืงืื ืืืจื ืคืกืืง ืืคืกืืง. ืืืฉืืืขื ืคืืื ืืืจื ืืืืืื ืืืืจืื. ืืืฉืืื ื ืคืืื ืื ืืืขืื ืจืฉืข ืืื ืคืืื ืืฉืืจื ืื' ืื'. ืืืฉืืช ืืื\"ื ืคืืื ืืืื ืฉืืื ืืื ืืคืขื ืขื ืืืืจื ืืืจืืืื ืืชืืื ืืงืื ืืืจื:"
|
599 |
+
],
|
600 |
+
[
|
601 |
+
"ืฉืืจ ืฉื ืืื ืืืื ืืคืกื. ืืื ื' ืงื\"ื ืืฆืืช ืืฉืจืื. ื' ืข\"ื ืืฉืืื ืืืกืฃ. ื' ืค' ืจืขื ืืฉืจืื. ื' ืง\"ื ืืืื ืื' ืงืจืื. ื' ืงื\"ื ืืืื ืืช ืฉื. ื' ืก\"ื ืืจืืขื ืืืืืื. ืื ืืืืืืจืื ืืืื ืื ืฉืืช ืื' ืืื ื ืืื ืืคื ื ืฉืืจ ืฉื ืฉืืช ืืืืืจืช ืืฉืืช ืืชืืื ืืฉืืจ ืฉืคืกืง ืืืืืจ ืืื ืืื ืืกืืจ ืื \"ื ืืืืืจืื ื ืืื. ืฉืืืขื ืฉื ืคืกื ื\"ื ืืื ืฆื ืืขืื. ืืืจืื ืฉื ืคืกื ืงื\"ื ืืืื ืื' ืื ืืื:"
|
602 |
+
],
|
603 |
+
[
|
604 |
+
"ืืืฆืจ ืืขืชื ืื ืื ืฉืืจื ืืืื ืืืืจืื ืืงืื ืืืจื ืคืกืืง ืืคืกืืง ืืคืืื ื' ืงื ื ื ืจืืฉืืช ืืจืื ืืคืืื ืขืฉืจืช ืืืืจืืช ืืืืจืื ืืืชืื ืื ืขืืื ืืืฉ\"ืฅ ืืคืกืืง ืื ืขืืื ืื ืขื ืื ืืขื ืื:"
|
605 |
+
],
|
606 |
+
[
|
607 |
+
"ืฉืืจ ืฉื ืืื ืืฉืืืขืืช ืืื ื' ื\"ื. ืืื ื' ืก\"ื:"
|
608 |
+
],
|
609 |
+
[
|
610 |
+
"ืฉืืช ืืืื ืืื ื ืืฉื ื ืืืืื ืฉืืช ืืื ืืคื' ืื ื\"ื ืืฉืืช ืืื ืืืื ืืืื (ืขืืื ืฉ\"ืข ืฉืื ืกื' ืชืงื \"ื ืก\"ืง ื'):"
|
611 |
+
],
|
612 |
+
[
|
613 |
+
"ืกืขืืื ืืืคืกืงืช ืืื ื ืืืื ืฉืชื ืกืขืืืืช ืืืคืกืืง ืืื ืื ืืื ืืืื ืกืขืืื ืืืช ืืืจ ืื ืื ืข\"ื ืงืจืงืข ืืืื ื ืืืื ืืืฆืื ืืื:"
|
614 |
+
],
|
615 |
+
[
|
616 |
+
"ืื\"ื ืืืืจ ืืฉ\"ืฅ ืืืืจืช ืืฉ\"ืฅ ืืฉืืจืืช ืขื ื ื:"
|
617 |
+
],
|
618 |
+
[
|
619 |
+
"ื\"ื ืฉืืจ ืฉื ืืื. ืืชืืืฃ ืืืจ ืงืื ืืช ืืคืืื ืงืืื ืืฆืืช ืื ืื ืชืคืืื:"
|
620 |
+
],
|
621 |
+
[
|
622 |
+
"ืขื ื\"ืฉ ืจื\"ื ืืื\"ื ืกื' ืชืงื \"ื ืื ืฉืืื ืื\"ื ืืืืจ ื ืื ืืืื\"ื ื' ืจืืื ื ืืฆ\"ื ืืฉ\"ืข ืฉืื. ืื\"ื ืืื ืื\"ืฉ ืื\"ื ืก\"ืก ืชืจื\"ื ืืื ืืื ืืื ืืืจืื ื ืืฉืืช ืฉื ืืืื ืฉืืื ืืื ืงืจืื ืืืกืฃ ืื' ืืืื ืืื ืืืืจื ืืืื\"ื ืื\"ื ืืื ืืื ืืฉื ืืฉืื ืคืจืกืืื ื ืืกื ืืื ืื ืื' ืืื ืืงืืืขื:"
|
623 |
+
],
|
624 |
+
[
|
625 |
+
"ืืกืืืืืช ื\"ื ืืืืื ืืฉืื ื ื\"ื ืคืขื ืืื ืืื ื\"ืค:"
|
626 |
+
],
|
627 |
+
[
|
628 |
+
"ืืจ\"ื ืืื\"ื ืืชืคืืืื ืืขืืื ืืื ืืืจืืขื. ืื ืืื ืืืจืื ืงืื ืืืชืจ ืืืชืคืืช ืื ืืฉื ื (ืขืืื ืฉ\"ืข ืฉืื ืกื' ืชืงืค\"ื ืก\"ืง ื\"ื ืืก\"ืง ื\"ื) ืื ืืจืฉืขื ืืื ืืขืฉื ืืืฃ:"
|
629 |
+
],
|
630 |
+
[
|
631 |
+
"ืืืืจืช ืืฉ\"ืฅ ืืื ืืืืจืื ืืฆืืืจ ืืืชืื ืืกืคืจ ื\"ื ืืฉ\"ืฅ ืืืื:"
|
632 |
+
],
|
633 |
+
[
|
634 |
+
"ืืคืืื ืืจ\"ื ืืื\"ื ืืืืจืื ืืชืื ืืชืคืื ืจืง ืืงืืืฉื ืืื ืืคืกืืงืื ืืคืืืืื ืืืืืจืื ืืคืืื ืืื ืืงืืืฉื ืงืืื ืืืืจ ืืืืจ ืื':"
|
635 |
+
],
|
636 |
+
[
|
637 |
+
"ื\"ื ืฉืื ืืืืืจ ืงืืื ืชืงืืขืช ืฉืืคืจ ืืื ืืืื ืจืฆืื ืื ืืคืก ืืืืืืจืื ืืื ืืืื ืื\"ืจ ืืื ืื ืกืืจ ืืกืืจ. ืืื ื\"ื ื\"ื ืืืืช ืืืืฆืืช ืก\"ืช:"
|
638 |
+
],
|
639 |
+
[
|
640 |
+
"ื๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ\"ื ืืื ืืืจืืืื ืืชืคืื ืืืชืจ ืืืื ืฉืืื ืืืชืขื ืืช ืื ืขื ืืฆืืช ืืื ืฉืืจื ื\"ื ืืื ื ืืฉื ืขื ืืฆืืช ืืชืคืืืื ืื ืื ืงืืื ืกืขืืื ืื\"ื ืืืื ื ืืืื ื. ืืืื ืืืืืช ืืจ\"ื ืืืืืืจ ืืขืืจื ืื ืชืืื ืืื'ื ืืืงืคืื ืืคืขืืื ืื ืื ืืงืืืฉ ืฉืืืจ ืืืกืฃ ืืืืื ืื\"ื:"
|
641 |
+
],
|
642 |
+
[
|
643 |
+
"ืฉืืจ ืฉื ืืื ืืจ\"ื ื' ืืืื ืค\"ื ืืจื ืื ื. ืืืืืจืื ืืืชื ืืืงืจ ืืืจ ืฉืืจ ืืืืื:"
|
644 |
+
],
|
645 |
+
[
|
646 |
+
"ืื ืืื ืืืื ืื ืืจ ืื ืืืืจ ืืืืจ ืชืฉืืื:"
|
647 |
+
],
|
648 |
+
[
|
649 |
+
"ืืืื ืฉื ื ืืืจื ืืื ืืฃ ืืื ืคืจื ืืืฉ. ืืคืขื ืืื ืืืื ืจืืฉืื ืืคื ืืช ืขืจื ืืืืื ืื ืืืจืื ืคืจื ืืืฉ ืืืจื ืขืืื ืฉืืืื ื ืืขืจื ืืืื ืชืืืฃ ืืฉืจืื ืืืชื ืืืจื ืขืืื ืืื ืืื ืืื ืืืจื ืฉืืืื ื ืืฉืขืช ืืจืืื. ืืืื ืืืืื ืขื ืืื ืืจ\"ื ืืืืขื ืข\"ืค ืืกืื:"
|
650 |
+
],
|
651 |
+
[
|
652 |
+
"ืืื ืืืจืืื ืขื ืืืืงืช ืื ืจ ืืขืื\"ื (ืขืืื ืฉ\"ืข ืฉืื ืกื' ืชืจ\"ื ืก\"ืง ื'):"
|
653 |
+
],
|
654 |
+
[
|
655 |
+
"ื\"ื ืืืืืืง ื ืจืืช ืืื\"ื ืข\"ื ื\"ื ืืื ืืขืืืืื ืืืืคืื ืืืืื ืืื ืืืื ืฉืืืืืง ืขื ืืืฆืื ืื\"ื ืืืืื ืฉืื ืืืืจ ืฉืื ืคืืื ืืืืืจ ืืคื ื ื ืจ ืฉืืืืืง ืข\"ื ื\"ื:"
|
656 |
+
],
|
657 |
+
[
|
658 |
+
"ืืืืืื ืืฉืื ื ืืขื ืืื ืืืืจืช ืืฉ\"ืฅ ืืืืจ ืืฉ\"ืฅ ืืืื ืืืฆืืืจ ืฉืืืขืื:"
|
659 |
+
],
|
660 |
+
[
|
661 |
+
"ืืืฆืจ ืืฉื\"ื ืืืืืชื ืืงืื ืื' ื\"ื ืืืชื ืืืจ ืงืืืฉื ืืืืฆืจ ื\"ื ืืชืื ืืืจืช ืืฉ\"ืฅ ืืืจ ืฉืืกืืืืื ืืืืฉื ืชืืืืช ืืจืืื ืขืจืืืช ืงืืืฉ ืืืจืื ืฉืืืจ ืืคืืื ืืงื\"ื ืืืืจืื ืืฉื\"ื ืืืืืชื ืืงืื ืืื' ืขื ืืืืจื:"
|
662 |
+
],
|
663 |
+
[
|
664 |
+
"ืืืืจ ืืื ืืื ืืืชืคืื ืชืคืืช ื ืขืืื ืืืื ื ืืฉืืืื ืืจืืฉ ืืืื ืืช:"
|
665 |
+
],
|
666 |
+
[
|
667 |
+
"ืืืืงืจ ืืืจ ืฉืืจ ืืืืื ืืืืจืื ืฉืืจ ืฉื ืืื ืืืืืจ ื\"ื ืืฉืจื ื ืฉืื ืคืฉืข:"
|
668 |
+
],
|
669 |
+
[
|
670 |
+
"ืืืื ืืจืืฉืื ืฉื ืกืืืืช ืืืื ืืืืื ืืกืืื ืืื ืืืื ืจืืฉืื ื ืฉื ืคืกื. ืื \"ื ืื ืืืจืืื ืืฉืืื ืฆืจืื ืืืืชืื ืืกืขืืืชื ืขื ืฉืขืช ืืืืฉืจ ืืืืื ืืกืืื ืืืกืืจ ืืืฉื ืื ืืืืื ืฉืื ืืืื ืขืช ืจืืืื ืืืืืื ืืื ืื ืคืกืงื ืืืฉืืื ืืืื ืืืืชื ืืื ืืกืืื ืื ืืืื ืืคื' ืืืืื ืจืืฉืื ื ืืขืช ืฉืืืฉืืื ืืืจืืื ืืื ืืื ืฉื ืกืืื ืขืืื. (ืขืืื ืืฉ\"ืข ืฉืื ืกื' ืชืจื\"ื ืก\"ืง ื\"ื):"
|
671 |
+
],
|
672 |
+
[
|
673 |
+
"ืืจืืช ืกืืื ืืืจื ืืื ืคืขื ืฉื ืื ืก ืืคืืื ืืื ืคืขืืื ืืืื:"
|
674 |
+
],
|
675 |
+
[
|
676 |
+
"ืื ืืืื ืฉื ื ืืืจืืื ืืืฉื ืืกืืื ืงืืื ืืื:"
|
677 |
+
],
|
678 |
+
[
|
679 |
+
"ืื ืื ืืื ืืกืืื ืืืืื ืจืืฉืื ื ืืืืจื ืืื ืืฉืขืช ืงืืืฉ ืืืฅ ืืกืืื ืืฉืืืื ืืกืืื ืฆืจืื ืืืืืจ ืืืืจื ืืื:"
|
680 |
+
],
|
681 |
+
[
|
682 |
+
"ืฉืืืื ืื ืจืฉืื ืืืฉื ืืืืื ืืกืืื ืืืฉืื ืฉืืืจ ืืฆืื ืื ืืืข ืืืจ ืจืข:"
|
683 |
+
],
|
684 |
+
[
|
685 |
+
"ืืืฉืืื ืืกืืื ืืฉืืื ื ืขืฆืจืช ืืื ืืฉื ืื ืืกืืื ืืืืฉืืื ืื ืืืื ืขื ืืื ืฉ\"ืช ืืืืืืจ ืืื ืืฉืื ื ืืืฉืืืช ืกืืื ืืฃ ืฉื ืืื ืฉืืื ื ืื ืืืืจืื ื\"ืก ืืืื ื ืฉื ืชืืจื:"
|
686 |
+
],
|
687 |
+
[
|
688 |
+
"ืืงื ืืช ืืชืจืื ืืขืฆืื ืืื ืืกืืื ืขื ืฉื ืืงืื. ืืืืงืืง ืืืื ืฉืืืื ืื' ืืื ืื ืืฉืจืื ืขื ืคื ืืืื:"
|
689 |
+
],
|
690 |
+
[
|
691 |
+
"ืื ืืืคืื ืืืชืจืื ืงืืื ืืจืื ืจืง ืืืืื ืฉืื ืืฆืืช ืขื ืืืจ ืืืจืื:"
|
692 |
+
],
|
693 |
+
[
|
694 |
+
"ืคืืื ืื ืืืชื ืื ืืช ืกืืื ืฉ\"ืฅ ืืงืื ืคืกืืง ืืคืกืืง ืื ืขืืื ืืืืจื. ืืืฉืขื ืืช ืืชืืืืื ืืืงืืฃ ืืืืช ืจืืฉืื ืืืืชืืืช ื\"ื ืืืกืืืืื ืืืงืคื ืืืืช ืช' ืืืฉ\"ืฅ ืืืฆืืืจ ืืืืจืื ืืืช ืืืืช ืืงืืื ืื ืืืช ืืืืจืื ืืืฉืขื ื ืืืื ื ืืฉ\"ืฅ ืืืืจ ืืืฉืขื ื ืืื ืฉืชืื ืืืฆืืืจ ืขืื ืื ืื ืืืจืื ืืื ืืื ืืืช ืขื ืฉืืกืืืืื ืืืงืคื:"
|
695 |
+
],
|
696 |
+
[
|
697 |
+
"ืืฉืืช ืืื\"ื ืืฃ ืฉื ืกืืืืช ืืืชื ืืืคืืืจ ืืงืืฉ ืืฉืืช ืืื ืืืื ื ืืืืืจ ืฉื ืื:"
|
698 |
+
],
|
699 |
+
[
|
700 |
+
"ืืืืฉืขื ื ืจืื ืื ืื ืื ืขื ืืื ืื ืคืกืืง ืืคื ื ืขืฆืื. ืืคืืื ืงืื ืืืฉืจ ืืืืืจ ืคืกืืง ืืคืกืืง ืืืชืื ืืื ืขืืื:"
|
701 |
+
],
|
702 |
+
[
|
703 |
+
"ืืฉืืื ื ืขืฆืจืช ืื ืืกื ืืชืคืื ืืงืืืฉ ืืื ืฉืืื ื ืื ืืขืฆืจืช ืืื:"
|
704 |
+
],
|
705 |
+
[
|
706 |
+
"ืืฉื\"ืข ืืฉ\"ืช ืืืืจืื ืืื ืคืกืืง ืืคืกืืง ืื ืขืืื. ืืคืกืืง ืืคืคืื ื ืืืืจืื ืืืื ืขื ืคืกืืง ืืืฉื ื' ืืคื ื ืฉืคืกืืง ืืคืคืื ื ืืกืืื ืฆืจื ืืืืื ืืืฆื ืืืื ืืกืืื ืืืืจ ืจืข:"
|
707 |
+
],
|
708 |
+
[
|
709 |
+
"ืืืื ืฉ\"ืช ืงืืจืื ืืืจืืืช ืฉืืชืืจื ืืื ืืื ืขืฆืื ืขืืื ืืชืืจื ืืืคืขืืื ืงืจื ืืืื ื ืืฃ ืฉืืื ืืื ืืืืช:"
|
710 |
+
],
|
711 |
+
[
|
712 |
+
"ืืฉ\"ืช ืืฉืืจืืช ืงืืจืืื ื' ืงืจืืืื ืืืื ื ื' ืืืืืช ืืืจืื ืืชื ืชืืจื ืืจืืืขื ืืืชื ืืจืืฉืืช ืืืืืฉื ืืืคืืืจ. ืืื ืืื ืืขื ืจื ืฉืฆืจืืืื ืืขืืืช ืืืจื ืืงืจืื ืืคื ื ืฆืืืจ ืืืจ ืืื ืื ืืขืืื:"
|
713 |
+
],
|
714 |
+
[
|
715 |
+
"ืืคื ื ืฉืืืจืืืื ืืื ืืืื ืฉื ืฉ\"ืช ืคืกืืง ืืคืกืืง ืืจื ื ืืงืื ืืืจื ืข\"ื ื\"ื ืืคืืื ืฉื ืฉ\"ืช ื\"ื ืฉืืฉื ืืฉืืื ืืืืื ืืืฉืื ืืจืฉืืืืช ืืืชื ืชืืจื ืืื\"ื:"
|
716 |
+
],
|
717 |
+
[
|
718 |
+
"ืืืืื ื\"ื ืืื ืฉืื ืืื ืืื ืืกืืืืช ืืืืืชืจ ืืฉืืื ื ืขืฆืจืช ืื ืืื ืืืชืจ ืืื ืฉืืื ืืื ืืื ืืื ืข\"ืค ืืกืื ืืืืืจืื ืคืืืืื ืืจื ื ืืงืื ืืืจื ืืืืจืช ืืืืืื ื ืืืืชืื ืชืชืืจื ืืชืฉืชืื ืฉืืืขืืืืช ืืืจ ืื ื ืืืืื ืืืืืฆื ืืื ืืคืืืืื. ืืฉืืืื ืฉืืื ืืืืื. ืืืฉ\"ืช ืืื ืืงืืคืื ืืืืื ืขื ืืก\"ืช ืฉืืขื ืคืขืืื ืืื ืคืืืชืื ืืื ืืื ืืืกืืคืื ืขืืืื. ืืื ืื ืื ืืชืฉืืืืช ืื \"ื ืืื ืืืจืื ืฉืื ืฉืืฉืขืจื ืฆืืื ืฉืืืืจ ืืืจ\"ื ื\"ื ืืืื ื\"ื ืืื ืืืื ืืคื ื ืืก\"ืช ืฉืื ืืื ืืจืื ืขืื ืืืืื ืืืืืช ืืื ืชืืืจ ืคื ืื ืืืคืื ืืฉ ืืืขืจืช ืืืกืคืง ืืฃ ืื ืืฃ ืืืคืื ืืืืจืืจ ืืื ืขื ืืคื ื ืืก\"ืช ืืืืจ ืกืืื ืืืฉืืจืจืื ืืืจืื ืืืจ ืืื ืืืจืืื ืืืฉืืืืืจ ืืก\"ืช ืืื\"ืง ืฉืื ืื ืืื ืฉืื ื\"ื ืจืง ืืื ืฉืืจ ืื\"ื:"
|
719 |
+
],
|
720 |
+
[
|
721 |
+
"ืฉืืจ ืฉื ืืื ืืกืืืืช. ื' ืข\"ื. ื ืืืข ืืืืืื: ื' ื\"ื. ืืืื ืชืขืจืื: ื' ืืืื\"ื ื\"ื. ืืื ืื' ืื ื ืืืื. ื' ื ืื. ืืืจืฉืข ืืืจ ืืืืื. ื' ืฆ\"ื. ืื ืืงืื ืื. ื' ืค\"ื. ืืกืืจืืชื ืืกืื. ื' ืค\"ื. ืืืืื. ืืื ืื ืฉืืช ืื' ืืืื ืืื\"ื ืืืืื ืืืื. ืืฉื\"ืข ื\"ื. ืืืฉืืขื ื'. ืืฉ\"ืช ื'. ื' ืืืื ืื ื ืื ืืืืจ ืฉืื:"
|
722 |
+
],
|
723 |
+
[
|
724 |
+
"ืืื ืืืืงืช ื ืจ ืื ืืื ืืฉืชืฉืงืข ืืืื ืงืืื ืฆื\"ื ืข\"ื ืืืืืงืื ืงืืื ืชืคืืช ืืขืจืื (ืข' ืฉ\"ืข ืฉืื ืกื' ืชืจืข\"ื ืก\"ืง ื'):"
|
725 |
+
],
|
726 |
+
[
|
727 |
+
"ืืฆื ืฉืขื ืืืจ ืืื ืืืืช ืจืื ืื ืืฉืืง ืืืืืง ืืื ืืจืื:"
|
728 |
+
],
|
729 |
+
[
|
730 |
+
"ืืืืฆืื ืฉืืช ืื ืืื ืืืืจืืื ืืื ืืืชืคืื ืืขืจืื ืืืืงืื ืืืคืฉืจื ืืื ืฉืื ืืขืืืจ ืืื ืืืืงื ืืืคืกืื ืืืจืื. ืืฉืืขื ื ืฉืคืขื ืืื ืืืืจ ื' ืืืืชืคืืืื ืืฆืื ืชืคืืช ืืขืจืื ืื\"ืฉ ืืฆืื ืฉืืืืืง ืืงืืื ื \"ื ืืื\"ื ืืชืคืื (ืขืืื ืฉ\"ืข ืกื' ืจืฆ\"ื ืกืขื' ื' ืืื ืฆืจืื ืืขืฉืืช ืืืืื ืงืืื ืฉืืืืื ืืชืคืื ืืืืจ ืืืืืื ืื') ืื\"ื ืืืชื ืื ืงืืื ืืืืื ืืื ืืืงืืื ืืืืงืช ื \"ื ืืืื ื:"
|
731 |
+
],
|
732 |
+
[
|
733 |
+
"ื ืจ ืื ืืื ืงืืื ืืืืืงื ืื ืจ ืฉืืช. ืื ืงืืื ืืืืืื:"
|
734 |
+
],
|
735 |
+
[
|
736 |
+
"ื ืืกื ืืืจืื ืืืืืืง ื ืจ ืื ืืื:"
|
737 |
+
],
|
738 |
+
[
|
739 |
+
"ืืืจื ืืื ืืื ืขื ืืขืืงืจ ืฉืืื ืืืคื ืืกืืื ืืคืชื ืืื ืขื ืื ืืกืฃ (ืขืืื ืฉ\"ืข ืฉืื ืกื' ืชืจืข\"ื ืก\"ืง ื'):"
|
740 |
+
],
|
741 |
+
[
|
742 |
+
"ืฉืืจ ืฉื ืืื ืืฉืื ืช ืืื ืื ืืื ืงืืคืืื ื' ืืืืืจ ืฉืืจ ืื ืืืช:"
|
743 |
+
],
|
744 |
+
[
|
745 |
+
"ืืืฆืืช ืืฉืงื ืืื ืฆืจืื ืืืชื ื\"ื ืืืืข ืืื ืฉื ืงืจื ืืฆื ืืื ืืืื ืฆืจืื ื' ืืฆืืื:"
|
746 |
+
],
|
747 |
+
[
|
748 |
+
"ืืืืช ืืกืชืจ ืืื ืืขืฉืืช ืขืฉืจืช ืื ื ืืื ืืขืืื ืืค\"ืข ืืืืืชืืืช ืืืืืืช ืจืง ืืืชืืืช ืงืื ืืช ืืื ืืืชืืืช ืืืืื ืืืจืื ืข\"ื ืืจืื ืืฉืืจืช ืืืืื ื ืืืืชืืื ืืืืฆืข ืขืืื ืืืฉ ืืจืืฉ ืฉืืื ืืืช ืืกืืฃ ืฉืืื ืืขืฉืจืช ืืกืืฃ ืืฉืืื ืืืกืืฃ ืืขืืื. (ืขืืื ืฉ\"ืข ืฉืื ืกื' ืชืจืฆ\"ื ืก\"ืง ื\"ื):"
|
749 |
+
],
|
750 |
+
[
|
751 |
+
"ืืืืื ื' ืคืกืืง ื\"ื ืืฉืจ ื ืชื ืืืื ืืืืืืื ืื' ืืืฉืืื ืืืจื ืืืืื ืื' ืืืจื ืืื ื' ืืขืืื ืืื ืืช ืฉื:"
|
752 |
+
],
|
753 |
+
[
|
754 |
+
"ืืงืจืืืช ืืืืื ืฉื ืืื ืืื ืืืจืืื ืฉืืืื ื:"
|
755 |
+
],
|
756 |
+
[
|
757 |
+
"ื ืฉืื ืืืืืืช ืืงืจืืืช ืืืื ืืืืจืืื ืืื ืืื ืืื ืฉืื:"
|
758 |
+
],
|
759 |
+
[
|
760 |
+
"ืืื ืืืืจืื ืืื ืคืืื ืฉื ืคืืจืื:"
|
761 |
+
],
|
762 |
+
[
|
763 |
+
"ืกืขืืืช ืคืืจืื ืขืืงืจื ืืืื ืขื ืื ืื ืืื ืืืืื ืืฆืืช ืืกืขืืืช ืฉืืจืืช. ืืืื ื\"ื ืขืฉื ืกืขืืืชื ืืืฉืชื ืืฉืืืช ืืืื ืืืื ืืืฉืืืฉืื ืืชืคืื ืืขืจืื ืืืืจ ืืืืืื:"
|
764 |
+
],
|
765 |
+
[
|
766 |
+
"ืืฉืืื ืื ืืช ืชืจื ืืืืช ืืืืฉืืช ืืืืื ืืืืฉืืื ืืืืืฆื ืืื ืืืจ ืืืืื ืืืืื ืชืืืฃ:"
|
767 |
+
],
|
768 |
+
[
|
769 |
+
"ืฉืืจ ืฉื ืืื ืืคืืจืื ืขื ืืืืช ืืฉืืจ ื\"ื:"
|
770 |
+
]
|
771 |
+
],
|
772 |
+
"sectionNames": [
|
773 |
+
"Siman",
|
774 |
+
"Paragraph"
|
775 |
+
]
|
776 |
+
}
|
json/Halakhah/Acharonim/Maaseh Rav/Hebrew/merged.json
ADDED
@@ -0,0 +1,773 @@
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|
1 |
+
{
|
2 |
+
"title": "Maaseh Rav",
|
3 |
+
"language": "he",
|
4 |
+
"versionTitle": "merged",
|
5 |
+
"versionSource": "https://www.sefaria.org/Maaseh_Rav",
|
6 |
+
"text": [
|
7 |
+
[
|
8 |
+
"ืืงืื ืืืฆืืช ืืืขืฉืืช ืชืงืื ืืฆืืช:"
|
9 |
+
],
|
10 |
+
[
|
11 |
+
"ืื ืฉื ืขืืจ ืื ืืืืื ื ืืื ืืืื ืืืืจื ืืื ืื ืืจืืช ืืชืืจื. ืืื ืืืจ ืืืฉื ืืืื ืฆืจืื ืืืจื ืืจืืช ืืชืืจื:"
|
12 |
+
],
|
13 |
+
[
|
14 |
+
"ืขืืงืจ ื ืืืืช ืืืื ืืชืคืืื ื ืชืงื, ืืืื ืืฉ ืืืืื ืืืืจื ืืื ืชืคืืื. ืืืงืคืื ืืืชืืืื ืืืืื ืืืื ืืื ืืืืืื. ืืืฉืืจืืช ืืฉ ืืกืืื ืืจืืช ืขื ื ืืืืช ืืืื ืืชืคืืื. ืืื ืืืืจ ืืืชื ืชืืืฃ ืืฉืงื ืืฉืืื ืืขืชื ืืืชืคืื ืืื ืืืืื ืฉืื ืืฉืื:"
|
15 |
+
],
|
16 |
+
[
|
17 |
+
"ื ืืืืช ืืืื ืืกืขืืื ืืื ืืฉืืจืืช ืื ืืืื ืชืืืื:"
|
18 |
+
],
|
19 |
+
[
|
20 |
+
"ืืฉืืจืืช ืืขืจื ื' ืคืขืืื. ื' ืคืขืืื ืืืขืืืจ ืจืื ืจืขื, ืืคืขื ืจืืืขืืช ืืืืจ ืืืื ืฉื ืืืื:"
|
21 |
+
],
|
22 |
+
[
|
23 |
+
"ืืจืืช ืืืื ื ืฉืื ืกืืืื ืืืจืืช ืืฉืจ ืืฆืจ (ืขื' ืฉื\"ืข ืฉืื ืกื' ื ืก\"ืง ื):"
|
24 |
+
],
|
25 |
+
[
|
26 |
+
"ืื ืืืจืืืช ืืฉืจ ื ืชื ืืื' ืขื ืืืืืจ ืืืืจ ืชืืืฃ ืืฉืงื ืืืืชื ืืคืืื ืงืืื ืฉืืืืจ ืืืื, ืืืืืจ ืืืืชืื ืขื ืฉืืืืจ ืืืื (ืขื' ืืืื ืืืจืื ืกื' ืื ืก\"ืง ืื):"
|
27 |
+
],
|
28 |
+
[
|
29 |
+
"ืืจืืืช ืืชืืจื ื ืชืงื ืืืืจื ืงืืื ืค' ืืชืืื (ืขื' ืฉื\"ืข ืฉืื ืกื' ืื ืก\"ืง ืื). ืืื ืจืืฆื ืืืืื ืงืืื ืฉืืืืจ ืืืื ืืืืจ ืืจืืืช ืืชืืจื ืืืจ ืกืืจ ืืจืืืช ืืฉืืจ ืงืืื ืฉืืืื:"
|
30 |
+
],
|
31 |
+
[
|
32 |
+
"ืื ืืจืืืช ืืฉืืจ ืื ืฉืื ืืืืืจื ืชืืืฃ ืืฉ ืฉืืืช ืืืืืจื ืื ืืืื ืืื ืืืืื ืขื ืืฉืื ื, ืืืฅ ืืืจืืช ืืชืืจื ืฉืืืจ ื ืคืืจ ืืืืื ืจืื (ืขื' ืฉื\"ืข ืฉืื ืกื' ืื ืก\"ืง ื). ืืืื ืืืื ืืืคืืจ ืฉืืื ืืืืจืื ืืจืืช ืฉืขืฉื ืื ืื ืฆืจืื ืืืจืืช ืืืขืืืจ ืฉืื ื ืืืืจ ืืืชื ืืืืื ืชืืืฃ ืืฉื ืืขื ืื ืขืืื ืืืฉืจืืืฅ ืคื ืื (ืขื' ืืฉ\"ืข ืฉืื ืกื' ืื ืก\"ืง ืื):"
|
33 |
+
],
|
34 |
+
[
|
35 |
+
"ืืจืืฅ ืื ืืื ืืคืกืง ืืืจืืช ืืชืืจื ืื\"ืฉ ืฉืื ื (ืคืขืืืช ืฉืืืจ: ื ืจืื ืืจ\"ื ืฉืื ืช ืขืจืื ืืขื' ืืฉื\"ืข ืฉืื ืกื' ืื ืก\"ืง ื, ื, ืื):"
|
36 |
+
],
|
37 |
+
[
|
38 |
+
"ืืืืงืื ืื ืืกื ืืจืืืช ืืฉืืจ: ืืฉืจ ื ืชื ืืฉืืื ืืื'. ืฉืขืฉื ืื ืื ืฆืจืื. ืืืืื ืืฆืขืื ืืืจ. ืืืืืจืื \"ืคืขืืื ืืื ืืื ืฉืืข ืืฉืจืื ืืชื ืืื\" ืื \"ืคืขืืื ืืื ืืื ื' ืืืืื ื ื' ืืื ืืชื ืืื ืืื' (ืคืขืืืช ืฉืืืจ: ืขื' ืืฉ\"ืข ืฉืื ืกื' ืื ืก\"ืง ืื. ืื\"ื ืฉืืื ื ืืื ืืื'. ืืืกื' ืก ืกืขืืฃ ื ืืื\"ืง) ืืจืื ืืชื ื' ืืืงืืฉ ืฉืื ืืจืืื:"
|
39 |
+
],
|
40 |
+
[
|
41 |
+
"ืืืืจ ืืืจ ืคืจืฉืช ืืชืืื ืคืกืืง ืืืคืฉืื ืขื ืจืื ื ืืืื:"
|
42 |
+
],
|
43 |
+
[
|
44 |
+
"ืฆืืฆืืช ื\"ื ืืืืืืื, ืืืืื ืฉืืืฉ. ืืืื ื ืื ืคืจืฉื ืจืืื ืืฆืืข ืืืืื:"
|
45 |
+
],
|
46 |
+
[
|
47 |
+
"ืืจืืช ืฆืืฆืืช: ืืื ืคืขื ืฉืืชืขืืฃ ืืืจื ืืคืืื ืืื ืคืขืืื ืืืื (ืขื' ืืฉื\"ืข ืฉืื ืกื' ื ืก\"ืง ืื):"
|
48 |
+
],
|
49 |
+
[
|
50 |
+
"ืืืจื ืืืืืฉ ืืืืกื ืจืืฉื ืืืืืช ืื\"ืฆ ืืืชืขืืฃ ืืขืืืคืช ืืฉืืืืื (ืขื' ืืฉื\"ืข ืฉืื ืกื' ื ืก\"ืง ื):"
|
51 |
+
],
|
52 |
+
[
|
53 |
+
"ืื ืขื ืืืืช ืงืื ื ืืกื ืืืจืื ืืืชืขืืฃ ืืฆืืฆืืช (ืขืื\"ืฉ ืก\"ืง ืื):"
|
54 |
+
],
|
55 |
+
[
|
56 |
+
"ืืื ืคืฉืชืื ืื ืืืื ืืื ืฉืื ืฆืืฆืืช (ืขื' ืฉื\"ืข ืฉืื ืกื' ื ืก\"ืง ื). ืื ืืขืฉื ืืืืช ืงืื ืฉื ืฆืืจ ืืฆืืฆืืช ืฉื ืฆืืจ, ืืื ืืื ืฉื ืฉืืจ ืืื ืื, ืืฆืืฆืืช ืฉื ืคืฉืชื. ืืื ืืืืฉ ืืชืืช ืืืืืื ืืขืื ืืืืช ืืืื ืฉื ืฆืืจ ืืคื:"
|
57 |
+
],
|
58 |
+
[
|
59 |
+
"ืืื ืื ืืช ืชืคืืืื ืืืืจืื (ืืจืืืช ืืฃ ื). ืืืืื ืืื ืื ืืืื ืืคืืื ืืฉื ืืืชื ืืืชืจ, ืืืืืืช ืขืจืื ืื ืื ืืืชืจ. ืจืง ืืืจืื ืืืืื ืืกืืจ. ืืื ืืืฉืฉ ืืืืืจื ืืคื ื ืืืจืืืช ืืืชืจ ืืฉื ืื ืืื. ืื\"ื ืืื ืืขืฉืืช ืฉื ืจืืฉ ืงืื ืืืจืฆืืขืืช ืืืื ืื ืื ืืืืกืืช ืฉื ืจืืฉ ืืืืื ืืฉื ืื ืืื: "
|
60 |
+
],
|
61 |
+
[
|
62 |
+
"ืืชืคืืืื ืฉื ืจืืฉ ืืืชืื ืฆืจืืืื ืืืืืช ืคืชืืืืช ืืื ืืืืืงืื ืืืืง:"
|
63 |
+
],
|
64 |
+
[
|
65 |
+
"ืชืคืืืื ืื ืื ืฉืื ืืืืื ืืจืืฉ ืืฉืืื. ืืืงืฉืจ ืฆ\"ื ืชืืช ืฉืคืืข ืืงืืงืื:"
|
66 |
+
],
|
67 |
+
[
|
68 |
+
"ืืงืื ืชืคืืื ืฉื ืื ืคืื ืืจืืข ืคื' ืคืื ืืืืฆืขื ืืืคืืงื ืจืืืข ืืจืืข ืืืขืื ืืจืืืข ืืจืืข ืืืื (ืขืืื ืฉ\"ืข ืฉืื ืกื' ื\"ื ืก\"ืง ื' ืืก\"ืง ื\"ื):"
|
69 |
+
],
|
70 |
+
[
|
71 |
+
"ืกื ืืืจื ืฉืชืื ืื ืกื ืืืจื ืืืช ืืคื' ืจืฉ\"ื ื\"ื ืืื ืื ืกื ืืืจื ืขื ืฉื ืื ืืขื ืฉื ืจืืฉ ืืืช ืืื ืื ืืื ืกื ืืืจื ืขื ืฉ\"ืจ ืขื ืืฆืืช ืชืคืืื:"
|
72 |
+
],
|
73 |
+
[
|
74 |
+
"ืฆืจืื ืืืจื ืืื ืคืขื ืฉืื ืื ืืคื' ืืื ืคืขืืื ืืืื:"
|
75 |
+
],
|
76 |
+
[
|
77 |
+
"ืืืชืจ ืืืฉืชืื ืืชืคืืื ืืฉืื ืืจืืฉื ืืืื\"ืก ืขืจืื ืืืืืืจ ืืฉื\"ืข:"
|
78 |
+
],
|
79 |
+
[
|
80 |
+
"ืืืชืคืื ืฉืืจืืช ืืืชืืงืื ืืืืื ืขื ืื ืื ืขืฉืจื ืืืงื:"
|
81 |
+
],
|
82 |
+
[
|
83 |
+
"ืืฉ\"ืฅ ืืชืืื ืืืจืื ืฉืืืจ ืื\"ื ืืืืืจ ืฉืืจ ืื ืืืช ืืืืช. ืืื ืฉืืจ ืคืกืืงืื ืืฆืืืจ ืงืืื ืชืคืื ืืื ืืืจ ืชืคืื ืจืง ืฉืืจ ืฉื ืืื:"
|
84 |
+
],
|
85 |
+
[
|
86 |
+
"ืืืชืจ ืืืฉื ืืคืกืืงื ืืืืจื ืขื ืืงืืืฉ ืฉืงืืื ืืจืื:"
|
87 |
+
],
|
88 |
+
[
|
89 |
+
"ืืคืกื\"ื ืืชื ื' ืื ืชืืื ืจืืืื ืืื ื ืืื\"ื ืืืืืืจ ืืื\"ื ืฉืืืฉ ืืื ืืืื. ืืืฉืจื ืืืจ ืจื ืืืื ื' ืกืืืื:"
|
90 |
+
],
|
91 |
+
[
|
92 |
+
"ืฉืืจืช ืืื ืขื ื' ืืืืื ืืขืืื ืืขื ืืืืืจ ืืืจืื ืื ืื' ืืืืืื ืื' ืืืื ืืืืจืื ืคืกืืง ืื ืื ืกืืก ืคืจืขื ืื':"
|
93 |
+
],
|
94 |
+
[
|
95 |
+
"ื\"ื ืืืชืืจืชื ืืชืื ืืืืจ ืฉืืข ืืฉืจืื ืื' ืงืืื ืืฉืชืื ืื ืฆืจืื ืืืืืช ืื ืืืืฉืข ืขื ื' ืืืืื ื\"ื ืฉืืืช ืืื ืื ืืฉืืจ ืขื ืืฉืชืื ื\"ื ื\"ื ืฉืืืช ืืืื ืืืืกืืฃ:"
|
96 |
+
],
|
97 |
+
[
|
98 |
+
"ืืื ืืืืจ ืื\"ื ืฉืืืื ืื ืฉืืื ืืืช. ืจืง ืฉืื ืืคืกืืง ืืื ืืื ืืืืืจ ื\"ื:"
|
99 |
+
],
|
100 |
+
[
|
101 |
+
"ืื ืืขืืืืื ืืฆืืจื ืชืืช ืืื\"ืช:"
|
102 |
+
],
|
103 |
+
[
|
104 |
+
"ืืืชืคืื ืขื ืืฆืืืจ ืืืืื ืืื ืฉื ืืืจ ืืฉ\"ืข. ืืขื\"ืค ืืจืื ืืืืจ ื\"ืฉ ืืชืืื ืืืื ืืืฉืชืื ืฉืื ืืชืืื ืืืฆืจ ืืืจ ืืคืกืื ืืจืืืช ืคืกืืงื ืืืืจื:"
|
105 |
+
],
|
106 |
+
[
|
107 |
+
"ืืขืืฉืื ืืืืื ืจืฆืื ืงืื ื ืืื ืงืื ืืื:"
|
108 |
+
],
|
109 |
+
[
|
110 |
+
"ืืฉ ืืขื ืืช ืืื ืืฉืฉืืืข ืืืจืื ืืคื' ืืืจ ืืืฆืจ ืืืจ ืืืืื ืืื ืฉืืจืฆื ืืืฅ ืืืืจ ืฉืคืชื ืืฉืืจื ืืืฉื:"
|
111 |
+
],
|
112 |
+
[
|
113 |
+
"ืฆืืืช ืืืฃ ืืืืืื ืื ืืงืจื ืฆืืื ืืขื ืื ืง\"ืฉ ืืชืคืื ืืื ืกืืงื ืืขืชื ืืืืงืจื ืฆืืื ืืื ืฆืจืื ืืืจืืืง ื' ืืืืช:"
|
114 |
+
],
|
115 |
+
[
|
116 |
+
"ืืืืื ืงืืื ืง\"ืฉ ืืฆืืช ืืื ืืืืช ืง\"ืฉ:"
|
117 |
+
],
|
118 |
+
[
|
119 |
+
"ืง\"ืฉ ืขืฉื ืื\"ืฉ ืื ืขืฉื ืืื ืืืื. ืคื' ืืื ืื ืงืืืื ืฉืืจ ืฉืืืืืจ ืขื ืขืฆืื ืืขืฉืืช ืื\"ืฉ ืืืืื ืืืฆื ืืื ื ืืืืื ืืฉื ื\"ื ืืืืื ืืื ืืคืืืื ืืฉืืื ืืื ืืื ืืื ื ืจืื ืื\"ื ืืืจื ื\"ืฉ ืืื ืืืื ืืืืืื ืจืืื ืื\"ื ืืืืช ื ืืื ืื ืงืืืืช ืืฆืืช ืกืืื ืืืืื. ืืื ืืืืื ืืื ืฆืจืื ืืืืืจ ืืืงืจืืช ืง\"ืฉ:"
|
120 |
+
],
|
121 |
+
[
|
122 |
+
"ืืง\"ืฉ ืืืื ื' ืฆืืฆืืช ืฉืืคื ืื ืืืื ื ืื ืฉืง ืืื:"
|
123 |
+
],
|
124 |
+
[
|
125 |
+
"ืืืื ืืื ืืืื ืืื ืจืืืื ืจืืืขืืช ืืืื ื ืืคืืื ืืืื ืคืขืืื ืืื ืืื ืจืืืื ืืืขืืื ืืืืื ืืจืื ืืื (ืขืืื ืฉ\"ืข ืฉืื ืกื' ืข\"ื ืก\"ืง ื'):"
|
126 |
+
],
|
127 |
+
[
|
128 |
+
"ืืืชืคืื ืืืื ื ืืื ืืืื ืืืืืื ืคืืจืืฉ ืืืืืช. ืืื ืืื ืืืฉืื ืืชืคืื ืืขืืื ืขื ืฉืชืื ืืืืฉืื. ืืืื ืฆืจืื ืืืืื ืืื ืืฉืืืช ืจืง ืืืื ืืื:"
|
129 |
+
],
|
130 |
+
[
|
131 |
+
"ืืืืจืช ืืฉ\"ืฅ ืืืืจ ืืฉ\"ืฅ ืงืืื ืืชืคืื ื' ืฉืคืชื ืืืืกืืฃ ืืืื ืืจืฆืื:"
|
132 |
+
],
|
133 |
+
[
|
134 |
+
"ืืฉืืืข ืชืคืืช ื\"ื ืืคื ืืฉ\"ืฅ ืืืชืื ืืกืืืจ. ืืืขื ืืช ืืื ืืืจ ืื ืืจืื ืืื ืืืงืคืื ืขื ื\"ื ืืืจื\"ืฉ ืื ืืฉ\"ืฅ ืืื ื ืืืชืื ืขื ืฉืชืืื ืืคื ืืขื ืืืคืกืื ืืืจืช ืืชืคืื:"
|
135 |
+
],
|
136 |
+
[
|
137 |
+
"ื ืงืืฉ ืื ื ืขืจืืฆื ืขื ืืืืจ ืืื ื ืืืืจ ืจืง ืืฉ\"ืฅ ืืื ืืืฆืืืจ ืฉืืชืงืื ืืฉืืืขืื ืืืฉ\"ืฅ:"
|
138 |
+
],
|
139 |
+
[
|
140 |
+
"ืืืืื ืืจืื ื ืืืชืืื ืืฉื ืื\"ื ืื ืืืืืืืช (ืขื' ืืฉ\"ืข ืฉืื ืกื' ืงื\"ื ืก\"ืง ื'). ืืื ืืจืืช ืืืจื ื \"ืจ ืืืชื ืืฉื:"
|
141 |
+
],
|
142 |
+
[
|
143 |
+
"ืืจืืช ืืื ืื ืืฉืืืข ืืคื ืืฉ\"ืฅ ืืืืืจ ืื ืืื ืจืฆืื:"
|
144 |
+
],
|
145 |
+
[
|
146 |
+
"ืงืืืฉ ืืงืืืฉื ืืืื ืืืื ืืขื ืืช ืืฉืฉืืืข ืืืืช ืืืืช ืืคื' ืืฉืืฉ ืืคืกืง ืืืจ ืฉื ืืืจ ืืฉ\"ืข (ืกื' ื ื ืกืขื' ื') ืืืื ืฉืืื ื ืจืืื:"
|
147 |
+
],
|
148 |
+
[
|
149 |
+
"ืืืืงืื ืื ืืกื ืืชืคืื. ืืงื ื ืืื. ืืงืืืฉื ืืฉืืืื. ืืจืืช ืืฉื ืื ืืฉืืขื ื ืืืืื. ืืจืืช ืืืืืฉืื ืื ืืื ืืจืฉืขื ืื' ืืื ืืืืืื ืืืจื ืืืจืชื ืืืืืื ืื'. ืขื ืื ืกืื ืืขื ืืคืจืงื ืืค\"ื ืืืืืืคื. ืืืื ืืจืืื ืืฉืขืื ืขืืืื ืืื. ืืืฉืืืช ืื ืืช ืืืืื ืขื ืจืืฉื. ืืื ืืืืื ืืงื\"ืฅ ืชืืช ืื\"ืฃ:"
|
150 |
+
],
|
151 |
+
[
|
152 |
+
"ืชืื ืื ืื ืืืืจ ืคืกืืง ืืืืืจ ืืื ืฉื ืืืจ ืืื ืคืืจืขื ืืืช ืจืง ืืชืืื ืจืืื ืืื ืื:"
|
153 |
+
],
|
154 |
+
[
|
155 |
+
"ื ืคืืืช ืืคืื ืื ืืฉืืจืืช ืืฉืืื (ืื\"ื ืืฉ\"ืข ืฉืื ืกื' ืงื\"ื ืก\"ืง ื') ืื\"ื ืฉืืืจ ืืฉืจืื ื\"ื ืืชืขื ืืช ืฆืืืจ:"
|
156 |
+
],
|
157 |
+
[
|
158 |
+
"ืื ืืืชื ื ืืชืื ืจืคืืื. ืืืืจืชืื ืืฉืืื ืชืื ืืชืื ืจืคืืื:"
|
159 |
+
],
|
160 |
+
[
|
161 |
+
"ืืขืืื ื ืื ืืกื ืืืกื ืืืืื ืืฉืืื ืื'. ืกืืื ืขืืื ื ื' ืืืืื ืืขืืื ืืขื ืืืื ืืืืจ ืื ืืืจ ืืื' ืื':"
|
162 |
+
],
|
163 |
+
[
|
164 |
+
"ืืืจ ืขืืื ื ืฉืืจ ืฉื ืืื ืงืืืฉ ืืชืื. ืืืื ืืืจืืืช ืืงืืืฉืื ืฉืื ืืฆืืจื. ืื\"ื ืฉืื ืืืืืจ ืืืืช ืฉืืจ ืฉื ืืื ืืื ืฉืืจ ืืืืื ืืื ืฉืืจ ืืืืื ืจืง ืืื\"ื. ืื ืืจ\"ื ืืืื ืขื ืื\"ื ื\"ื ืงืืคืืื ื\"ื:"
|
165 |
+
],
|
166 |
+
[
|
167 |
+
"ื ืืกื ืืงืืืฉ ืืชืืื ืืืชืงืืฉ ืฉื ื ืืืืชืื ืืฆืืจื ืืืขืช ืจืฉ\"ื ืืืงืืื ืคืจืืก ืฉืืื ืืฉืื ืขืืจื. ืืจืขืืชืื ืื\"ืฃ ืืืืฉ. ืืืจื ืืจื\"ืฉ ืืคืชื ืื ืืื ืคืขืื ืืืฉืื ืืจืื ืืื ืืืืจ ืืจื\"ืฉ ืืฆืืจื ืืื' ืืื ืื ื ืคืืขื ืืืฉืื ืขืืจื ืืืื' ืืืคื ืืืืืื. ืืืชืขืื ืฉืืื ืืงืืืฉื ื\"ื ืืืื ืืืืจืื ืืืชืืื. ืืฆืจืื ืืืืจ ืงืืืฉื ื\"ื ืืืื. ืชืชืงืื ืฆืืืชืืื ืืืื ืืืืื ืืื ืื\"ื. ืืื ืืฉืจืื:"
|
168 |
+
],
|
169 |
+
[
|
170 |
+
"ืขืืงืจ ืขื ืืืช ืืื ืืฉ\"ืจ ืืื ื ื\"ื ืขื ืขืืืื ืืื ืืืชืจ ืื ืืชืืจื ืงืื ืืืืื ืืฉืื' ืืงืืืฉื ื\"ื. ืืื ืืืืข ืืขืืืื ืืืฉ\"ืฅ ืืืจ ืืืจ ืืืื ืชืืืืช ืืืชืืจื ืืืืื ืืืืจ ืืชืืจื ืื' ืขื ืฉืืืืข ืืืงืื ืฉืืฉ\"ืฅ ืืืืจ ืืฉืืชืง ืืฉืืืข. (ืขืืื ืืฉ\"ืข ืฉืื ืกื' ื \"ื ืก\"ืง ื') ืืื ืืืืจ ืืคืกืืงืื ืืงืืืฉ ืจืง ืืขื ื ืืื:"
|
171 |
+
],
|
172 |
+
[
|
173 |
+
"ืืื ืืืจืืข ืฉืื ืืจืืขื ืืงืืืฉ (ืขืืื ืฉื ืก\"ืง ื'):"
|
174 |
+
],
|
175 |
+
[
|
176 |
+
"ืฉืื ืืคืจืืฉ ืื ืืฆืืืจ ืืคืืืืื ืื ืกืืืืืช ืืฉืืืืจืื ืืืจ ืืืจืช ืืฉ\"ืฅ ืืืื ืืคืกืง ืืืจืืืช ืง\"ืฉ ืืชืคืื:"
|
177 |
+
],
|
178 |
+
[
|
179 |
+
"ื ืื ืืืืืืช ืืืชืจืื ืืืชืคืื ืืื ืืคืืื ืืฉืืื ืขืืืื. ืืืืชืจืื ื\"ื ืืืชืคืื ืืืื\"ื ืชืืืฃ ืืจืื' ืื ืื ืฉืคืืื ืฉ\"ื ืื ืืื ืืื ืืืชืจืื ืืืชืคืื:"
|
180 |
+
],
|
181 |
+
[
|
182 |
+
"ืชืืืฃ ืืืจ ืืชืคืื ืงืืจื ืืงืฆืช ืื ืืกืืจ ืฉื ืื ืืงืจื ืืืื ืชืจืืื ืืืกืืื ืืขืจื ืฉืืช ืืืื ื ืืืืจ ืืชืจืืื ืืืจ ืื ืคืกืืง ืจืง ืืืจ ืื ืขื ืื ืืื ืคืชืืื ืื ืกืชืืื ืื ืืืจ ืืงืื ืฉื ืจืื ืืืชืจ ืืคืกืง ืขื ืื:"
|
183 |
+
],
|
184 |
+
[
|
185 |
+
"ืืืืื ืืืจ ืืชืคืื ืชืืืฃ ื' ืฉืขืืช ืืื ืืคืกืง. ืืืืื ืคืจืง ืืฉื ืืืช ืืืืืืจ ืืืื. ืืืืื ืจื ืืืคืก ืืื ืืื ืืืืืืจ ืืืื. ืกืคืจื ืืืกืจ ืืื ืคืขืืื ืืื ืืื. ืืืืื ืืงืจื ืืืืืืช ืืืืจืฉืื. [ื ืืกืื ืืืจืช: ืืืืื ืืืืจ ืืื ืืื] ืืืืื ืืืจื ืฉื ื ืืคืื ืืื ืืื ืขื ืคืืจืฉ\"ื ืืืืืืจ ืืืื. ืืืืื ืฉ\"ืข ื\"ื ืืืืืืจ ืืืื ืืื ืืื ืืืื. ืืืืื ืืกืืชื ืขื ืคื. ืืืืื ืืืืืช ืืชืคืืื ืฉื ืจืฉ\"ื ื\"ื ืืืงื. ืืืืื ืืืืืช ืจืื ืืจืื:"
|
186 |
+
],
|
187 |
+
[
|
188 |
+
"ืื ืขื ืื ื ืคืจื ืกื ืืืฆืืช ืืฉืื ื ืืืจ ืืฆืืช ืืืื ืฉื ื ืฉืขืืช. ืฉืื ืืืื ืืืืืืื ื\"ื ืืขืฉืืช ืืฆืื ืฉืชืืื ืื ืื ืืขืฉื ืืื:"
|
189 |
+
],
|
190 |
+
[
|
191 |
+
"ืืื ื' ืืืื ืื'. ืชืฉืืืช ืืืฉืงื ืืคื ืื:"
|
192 |
+
],
|
193 |
+
[
|
194 |
+
"ืืชืคืืช ืื ืื ืืื ืืขืจืืืช ื ืืื ืืืื ืืืืจื ืขื ื\"ื. ืืืชืคืืืื ืื ืื ืืืืืช ืืชืคืืื ืฉื ืจืฉ\"ื ื\"ื ืืืงื:"
|
195 |
+
],
|
196 |
+
[
|
197 |
+
"ืชืคืืช ืื ืื ืืงืืื. ืืืฉืืช ืืงืืื ืืืชืจ ืืฉืื ืกืขืืื ืฉืืืฉืืช:"
|
198 |
+
],
|
199 |
+
[
|
200 |
+
"ืชืคืืช ืขืจืืืช ืืืื ื ืืืงื ืืคืืื ืืฉืืช ืืืฃ ืืืืื ืื ื\"ื ืืืกืืฃ ืขืฉืจื ืืืื ืง\"ืฉ:"
|
201 |
+
],
|
202 |
+
[
|
203 |
+
"ืชืคืืช ืขืจืืืช ืืชืืืืื ืืืื ืจืืื ืืืื ืืืืจืื ืคืกืืงืื ืืื ืืฆื ืงืืืฉ ืืื ืืืจ ืขืืื ื ื\"ื ืคืกืืงืื ืืืืืืจืื. ืืฉ\"ื ืืื ืืงืืืข ืคืกืืงืื ืืืืืืจืื ืืฆืืืจ ืืืืช ืฉืืจ ืฉื ืืื:"
|
204 |
+
],
|
205 |
+
[
|
206 |
+
"ืืจืื ื' ืืขืืื ืื\"ื ืืืื ืื ืฆืจืื ืืื ืืื ืืืชืคืื ืขื ืืฆืืืจ ืืืื ื ืืืืจ ืืืจ ืืชืคืื ืืื. ืืืื ืขืฆืื ืื ืื' ืืืืจ ืืื ืื ืืจืื ื' ืื' ืืื ืืฉืืจื ืืฉืืช ืืื ืืกืืื ืืืืื ืืชืคืื ืืื ืืฆืืืจ ืฉืืฆืื ืืืฉ\"ืฅ ืืื ืืืืจืื:"
|
207 |
+
],
|
208 |
+
[
|
209 |
+
"ืขื ื ืืืืจื ืืฉืื ืชืืช ืืื:"
|
210 |
+
],
|
211 |
+
[
|
212 |
+
"ืกืคืืจื ืืืจ ืขืืื ื ืื ืืื ืื ืืืื. ืื ืืกื ืืขืืืจ ืื\"ืฉ ืืฉ\"ืข ืืื ืืขืืืจ. ืื\"ื ืฉืื ืคืกืืงืื ืื ืืคื ืื ืืื ืืืืจืื ื\"ื ื\"ืจ ืฉืืื ื ืื':"
|
213 |
+
],
|
214 |
+
[
|
215 |
+
"ืชืืฉืื ืขืื ืฉืงืืจืื ืงืืฉ\"ื ืื ืืจืืคืื ืื ืืื ืืืืฉืช ืืืื ืื ืืืจื ืขืืื ืืืจื ืืื ื ืืืื ืืช. ืืื ืฉื ืืจืืงื ืืคื\"ื:"
|
216 |
+
],
|
217 |
+
[
|
218 |
+
"ืืืจื ืืื ืจืืื ืืืจื ืืคื ืื ืื\"ื ืืืืืจืื ืื \"ืจ (ืข' ื\"ื ืกื' ืจ\"ื ืก\"ืง ื' ืื' ืืืืืจื ืืืืื ืก\"ืง ื\"ื):"
|
219 |
+
],
|
220 |
+
[
|
221 |
+
"ืขื ืืืื ืืืืฉืืื ืฉืืืื ืืคื\"ื ืืืฉืื ื ืืืืื ืืืืจื ืจืง ืกืคืง ื ืืืื ืื ืืืืื ื\"ื ืืชืื ืืกืขืืื ืืื ืื ืฉืขืืฉืื ืืืื ืืฉืขืืจืื ืืชืืฉืื. (ืข' ืฉ\"ืข ืกื' ืจ\"ื ืกืขื' ื' ืืกืขื' ื'):"
|
222 |
+
],
|
223 |
+
[
|
224 |
+
"ืืืจ ืฉื ืืชื ืืืฉืืื ืืืืจื ืืืจื ืืื ืฉืืื ืืืื ื ืืืื ืืืืืืฅ ืฉื ืฆื ืื ืขื ืืืฉ ืืืจื ืืคื\"ื:"
|
225 |
+
],
|
226 |
+
[
|
227 |
+
"ืื ืืืื ืืืชืืื ืืืจ ืฉืืื ืฉืืืฉ ืืืฆื ืฉืืื ืืกืคืง ืืจืื ืืืจืื ื. ืืื ืืื ืืืื ืขืืื ืืืืกืืฃ ืขืื ืืืืื ืขื ืฉืืื ืืืืฆื (ืจ\"ื ืืืฆื ืืืื ืฉืืื ืืฆื ืืืฆื ืฉืืืืจืืช ืื\"ื ืืคื ืื ืฉื ืืื ืืคื ืื ื\"ื ืฉืืขืืจ ืืื ืืงืื ืกื' ืง\"ื) ืืืจื ืืืจืื ืืื ืืืจื' ื ืื ืืื ื ืืื (ืขืืื ืฉ\"ืข ืกื' ืจ\"ื ืกืขื' ื' ืืกื' ืชืค\"ื ืกืขื' ื') ืืืื ืกืืจื ืฉืืืฆืื ืืืชื ืืืจ ืฉืืื ืืืฆืืืื ืืืจืืช ืื ืื ืื ื\"ื ืืืจ ืืื ืื ืืื ืืืืจ ืฉืืืื ืืงื ืืช ืืืืืื ืขื ืฉืืื' ืื ืืฉืืขืืจ:"
|
228 |
+
],
|
229 |
+
[
|
230 |
+
"ืฉืืืืื ื ืขื ืคืจื ืืืฉ ืืืจื ืืฉืขืช ืืจืื':"
|
231 |
+
],
|
232 |
+
[
|
233 |
+
"ืฉืืื ื ืืื ืืืื ืืกืืื. ืืืจื ื \"ืจ ืืืชืืื ืืฉื ืื\"ื ืื ืืขืืืืื (ืข' ืฉ\"ืข ืฉืื ืกื' ืจ\"ื ืก\"ืง ื'). ืื ืืกื ืืจืื ืืขืื ื' ืืืขืื ื ืืชืืื ืืฉืืื ื ืื ืื ืืชื ืื' ืืืื ืืืืจ ืื ืืื ืืคืจื' ืื' ืืืืชื ืขื ืืืจืฅ ืืขื ืืืืื. ืืขื ืืืื ืืืชื ืขื ืืืจืฅ ืืขื ืืคืืจืืช. (ืข' ืฉ\"ืข ืฉืื ืกื' ืจ\"ื ืกื' ื\"ื):"
|
234 |
+
],
|
235 |
+
[
|
236 |
+
"ืื ืขืฉื ืฆืจืืื ืงืืื ืืกืขืืื ืืืื ืืืื ืืืืืจ ืืฉืจ ืืฆืจ ืืขื ื\"ื ืืื ืืขืฉื ืืืืคื ืืืจ ืืืื ื ืืืืจ ืืงืืื ืืฉืจ ืืฆืจ ืืืืื ืฉื ืืช ืืืืจื ืขื ื\"ื ืื ืืืืจ ืฉืืืื ื ืงืืืช ืืื ืืืจื ืขื ื\"ื ืขื ื ืืืื ืฉื ืื ืืื ืืขืฉื ืื \"ื ืื\"ื ืืขื ื\"ื ืืื ืขื ืื ื ืืื. (ืจ\"ื ืฉืื ืืืจื ืืชืืื ืขื ื\"ื ืืื\"ื ื\"ื ื\"ื ืืืช ืื ืื ืืฉืื ืืคืกืง. ืืข' ืฉ\"ืข ืฉืื ืกื' ืงืก\"ื ืกืง\"ื):"
|
237 |
+
],
|
238 |
+
[
|
239 |
+
"ื ื\"ื ืืกืขืืื ื ืืื ืื ืืืื ืชืืื ืืืืจื ืขื ื\"ื ืงืืื ืฉืื ืื ืืืื. ืืื ืืืืจ ืฉืื ืืืืื ืืื ืืืืืจ ืืืื. ืืืืืจ ืืืืฆืื ืืื ืจืฉืืช:"
|
240 |
+
],
|
241 |
+
[
|
242 |
+
"ืคืช ืืืื ืืืืกื ืื ืฆืจืื ื ื\"ื ืื ืงืืืข ืกืขืืื ืขืืื:"
|
243 |
+
],
|
244 |
+
[
|
245 |
+
"ืขืืื ืฉืืฉ ืืืชื ืืฉืืื ืืืืื ืืื ืืืฆืื ืืืื ื ืงืจืืื ืคืช ืืืื ืืืืกื ืื:"
|
246 |
+
],
|
247 |
+
[
|
248 |
+
"ืืืจ ืฉืืืืื ืืืฉืงื ืฆืจืื ื ื\"ื ืืืจืื ืืืื ื ืืืื ืืืืืืฅ ืืืขืงืื ืืฉืืืืืืื ืืืชื ืืื\"ืฉ ืื ืืฉืืจ ืืฉืงื ืฉืืื ืืฉืืขื ืืฉืงืื. (ืขืืื ืฉ\"ืข ืฉืื ืกื' ืงื \"ื ืก\"ืง ื\"ื):"
|
249 |
+
],
|
250 |
+
[
|
251 |
+
"ืืืจืื ืืืืื ืืกืขืืื ืฉืื ืืืืช ืืกืขืืื ืืขืื ืื ืืจืื ืืคื ืื ืืื ืืืืจืื ืืืื ื ืืืจืื ืฉืืื ื ืงืืืขืื ืืืืืช ืืชืืฉืืื ืืกืขืืื:"
|
252 |
+
],
|
253 |
+
[
|
254 |
+
"ืคืืืขืืจืื ื\"ืฆ ืืจืื ืืชืื ืืกืขืืื. (ืืื ืืื ืขืฉื ืืฆืื ืืขืืจื ื ืืขืฉืื ืืืืื ืืชืื ืืกืขืืื ืืืืฉืื ืืืืื ืืฉืชื'):"
|
255 |
+
],
|
256 |
+
[
|
257 |
+
"ืืื ืืืจืื ืื ืืืื ืืืฆืื ืืื ืืื ืจืืฉืื ืื (ืขืืื ืืฉ\"ืข ืฉืื ืกื' ืงืค\"ื ืก\"ืง ื\"ื). ืืื ืืคืืืช ืืจืืืขืืช ืืืชืื ืืื:"
|
258 |
+
],
|
259 |
+
[
|
260 |
+
"ืืืื\"ื ื ืืื ืจืฉืืช ืืืชืืื ืืจืื ืืชื ืืื ืืจืื ืืื ืื\"ืฉ:"
|
261 |
+
],
|
262 |
+
[
|
263 |
+
"ืืื ืืขืืจ ืืืก ืฉื ืืื\"ื ืืงืืืืฉ ืืืืืื ืฉืืื ืฉืฉื ืืืกืืช ืกืืื. ืื\"ื ืืื ืืื\"ื ืืืจืื ืื' ืืขืืืื:"
|
264 |
+
],
|
265 |
+
[
|
266 |
+
"ืกืืื ืืจืื ืฉืืืฉืืช ืืื ื ืืจืืฉืืื ืืื:"
|
267 |
+
],
|
268 |
+
[
|
269 |
+
"ืืืฉ ื ืืื ืืืื ืืื ืื\"ื ืืืืื ื ืืกืืจื ืืืฉืื (ืขืืื ืืืืจืื ืืฉ\"ืข ื\"ื ืกื' ืจืฆ\"ื ืก\"ืง ื') ืืืื ืืืืืง ืืื ืืืืื ืืฉืชืื ืืืจืคืืื ืฆ\"ื ืคืืืช ืคืืืช ืืืฉืขืืจ ืืฉืืจืื ืืกืืจ ืฉืืื ืืขืืื. ืืืกืืจ ืืืืจ ืืืฉืจืื ืื ืื ืืืกืจ ืงื ื ืื ืืืฉ ืืคืืื ืืื ื ืืืืจ ืืคืืจืืฉ ืจืง ืฉืืืืข ืฉืืืื ืืื ืฉืืจ ืืื\"ืฉ ืืืืืฆื ืืื ื\"ื ืืืฉ ืืื ืืืืจ ืื ืงื ื ืื ืืขืืืจ ืขื ืืคื ื ืขืืจ ืื ืชืชื ืื':"
|
270 |
+
],
|
271 |
+
[
|
272 |
+
"ืืืขื ืื ื ืืื ืืช ืขื ืืืฉ ืื ืืื ืืืืข ืฉืืกืืจ ืืืืื ืืืฉ ืืื ื ื ืืื ืขืืื. ืืื ืืื ื ืืืืข ืฉืืื ืืกืืจ ืืกืืืจ ืฉืืื ื ืืื ืืืช ืืกืืืืช ื ืืื:"
|
273 |
+
],
|
274 |
+
[
|
275 |
+
"ืืืื ืืืืื ืืื ืืฉืืช ืืืืืื ืืืืื ืฉื ืฉืืื ืืื ืขืืื ืข\"ื:"
|
276 |
+
],
|
277 |
+
[
|
278 |
+
"ืฉืื ืืืืื ืืืืื ืฉืืืจื ืื ืืื ืืืกืืจืื:"
|
279 |
+
],
|
280 |
+
[
|
281 |
+
"ืืฉ ืืื ืืข ืืฉืชืืช ืืื ืืื ืืืจืืงืื ืืคืฉืืื ืฉืื ืืงืืฉ ืขืืื ืืืืจื ืขืืื ืืฉืืื ืืืื ืืืืชื ืืืืจ ืืฉืชืืช:"
|
282 |
+
],
|
283 |
+
[
|
284 |
+
"ืืืื ืืงืืฅ ืืืืจ ืืกื ื ืืืื ืงืืื ืืฉืื. ืืืื ื ืงืจืฉ ืืืกืืจ ืืงืจืื ืฉื ืืฆืืื ืฉื ืชืืืขืื:"
|
285 |
+
],
|
286 |
+
[
|
287 |
+
"ืืืืืจ ืืจืืืช ืืื ืืืจ ืืืื ืื ืืฉ ืื ื ืืืื. ืืงืืฅ ืืืจ ืืืื ืขื ืฉืืฉื ืืืื ืืื ืืืชืจ. ืืืกืืช ืืืื ืื ืื ืฉื ืืืืื ืืฉืจืืฃ ืฆืจืื ืืื ื' ืืื:"
|
288 |
+
],
|
289 |
+
[
|
290 |
+
"ืืืื ืืกืืจ ืืฃ ืฉืืื ื ืืฉืื ืืฆืืื ืืื ืื ื. ืืืื ื\"ื ืืื ื ืืืจ ืืื ืืื ืืืืจ:"
|
291 |
+
],
|
292 |
+
[
|
293 |
+
"ืืฆืื ืืงื ืืช ืก\"ืช ืื ื\"ื ืื ืืืชืื. ืืคื' ืืืืฃ ืืฆืื ืื ืืฉืืง ืืื ืืืืื ืืขืืช ืืืฆืื ืืฉืืจื ืืฆืืช. ืืืชืื ืืื ืืขืืื ืืืืชืจ ืืืื ืงืืื ืืืจ ืกืื ื:"
|
294 |
+
],
|
295 |
+
[
|
296 |
+
"ืืืืื ืงืืืข ืืฉืื ืืื ืืืืกืื. ืืืืืจื ืืืืช ืคืกืืื:"
|
297 |
+
],
|
298 |
+
[
|
299 |
+
"ืื ืืืจืื ืืืืืื ืืงืืฃ ืืืืืื ืฉืื ืืื ืืคืกืง ืืืจ ืืื ืืืืืื ืืืืืืช ืืืืช:"
|
300 |
+
],
|
301 |
+
[
|
302 |
+
"ืืคืืื ืจืคืช ืืงืจ ืืืื ืืืืืื. ืืื ืืืฉืฉ ืืืงืื ืืืื ืฃ ืืจืื ืฉืืื' ืืฉื ืกืืืจ ืฉืื ืืื' ื ืจืื ืืืืฅ:"
|
303 |
+
],
|
304 |
+
[
|
305 |
+
"ืืืจ ืฆืจืื ืืืืืื ืืืืืฆื ืื\"ื ืืคืืื ืืืื ื ืืื ืืฉื ื ืฉืืืฉ ืืื ืืืืจื ืืจืืช ืืขืงื:"
|
306 |
+
],
|
307 |
+
[
|
308 |
+
"ืืื ืคืืืื ืืื ืืืฉื ืกืืขืื ืืคื ืืืื ืืืืืื ืืืจื ืืืฉื ืจืืื ืฉืืื ืฉืฉื ืจืืื ืืกืฃ ืืืืงื ื ืชืื ื ืืืฉ ืืื ืืืจื ืืขืืื. ืืื ืฉื ืคืื ืื ืืื ืืืืจ ืืืืืจ ืืืคืื ื\"ืข ืืืืจื. ืืื ื ืชื ื ืชืื ื ืืืฉ ืจืง ืคืืืช ืืกื ืื \"ื ืืคืื ื\"ืข ืืื ืืจืื. ืืฉืืขื ื ืฉืขืฉื ืืขืฆืื ืืขืฉื ืฉืืื ื\"ื ืืื ืืืืจ ืืคืื ื\"ืข ืืฉืฉื ืจื\"ื ืืืจืื ืื ืชื ื ืืืื ื ืชืื ื ืืืฉ. ืืืขื ืฉืืืื ืคืื ืืืชื ืื ืืื ืืขืืื (ืขื' ืืืืจืื ืืฉ\"ืข ืื\"ื ืกื' ืฉ\"ื ืก\"ืง ื' ืืกืืคื):"
|
309 |
+
],
|
310 |
+
[
|
311 |
+
"ืจืืืชื ืฉืงื ื ืืืืจ ืืืื ื ืืืื ืืฉืืื ืืืืจืช ืื ืชื ืืขืฆืื ืืืืืจ ืืืื ืืืจื ืฉืืืืื ื:"
|
312 |
+
],
|
313 |
+
[
|
314 |
+
"ืืื ืฉืื ืขืื ืื ืชื ืืจืืข ืืืืืื ืขื ืืืฉืื ืืืงืืื ืืืื ืืืืจื ื\"ื ืฉืืืืื ื ืืืืจ ืฉืืืจืืข ืืื ืขืฆื ืืื ืืื ืืคืืกืงืื ืืขืค\"ื ื ืชื ืฉื ื ืขืฆืืืช:"
|
315 |
+
],
|
316 |
+
[
|
317 |
+
"ืืืจ ืืืชื ืื ืืืช ื\"ื ืืืื ืืืืื ืืืืคื ืฉืืืืืจ ืืฉ\"ืข (ืื\"ื ืกื' ืฉื\"ื ืกืขื' ื' ืื\"ื ืกื' ืชื \"ื ืกืขื' ื' ืืื\"ื. ืืข\"ืฉ ืืืืจื ืืืืื):"
|
318 |
+
],
|
319 |
+
[
|
320 |
+
"ืืืื ื ืืคื ืื ืฉืขืืจ ืืื ืื ืืฆื ืืื\"ื ืงืืืืจื. ืืืฉ ืืฉืขืจ ืืืืืจื ืืคื ืืฉืืื ืื ืืขื ืื ืจืืืขืืช ืืืืืช ืืคืกื:"
|
321 |
+
],
|
322 |
+
[
|
323 |
+
"ืขืืกืช ืืขืงืื ืืืื ืืืื ืืื ืงืืืื:"
|
324 |
+
],
|
325 |
+
[
|
326 |
+
"ืืขื ืื ืืื ืืืืืืช ืืช ืื ืืคืฉืจ ืืกืืืจ ืืืืจ ืฉืืืื ืืชืืื ืืคืชื ืืืืื ืืช ืืื ืืื ืืืชืจ ืืฉืืคืชื ืืคืชืืื ืืืืื ืืืฆืจ ืืืจืช:"
|
327 |
+
],
|
328 |
+
[
|
329 |
+
"ืืื ืืืชืจ ืืจืืืื ืืื. ืจืง ืืงื ืืืช ืฉืืจ ืืื:"
|
330 |
+
],
|
331 |
+
[
|
332 |
+
"ืืฆืื ืืจืืืฅ ืื ืืืคื ืืข\"ืฉ ืืขื\"ืค ืื ืคืืืช ืืคื ืื ืืืื ืืจืืืื:"
|
333 |
+
],
|
334 |
+
[
|
335 |
+
"ืฉืื ืืืื ืืืจืืฅ ืขื ืฉืืชืคืื ืืงืืื ืื ืื ืื ืื ืฉืืื ืขืืืื ืงืืื ืืฆืืช ืืื ืืกืขืืื ืืืืื ืืืืื ื ืืจืืช ืืืชืื ื ืืกืืื ืืกืืช:"
|
336 |
+
],
|
337 |
+
[
|
338 |
+
"ืืืืงืช ืื ืจ ืืงืืื ืืื ืืืืืืง (ืขืืื ืืฉ\"ืข ืฉืื ืกื' ืจืก\"ื ืก\"ืง ื\"ื) ืืคืขื ื' ืืืจืืื ืืื ืืื ืื ืื ืืืืืืง ืืคืืื ืข\"ื ื\"ื ืืฃ ืฉืืืื\"ื ืื ืืืจื ืขืืืื ืืืืืจ ืฉืืจ ืืืื ืืฉืืช:"
|
339 |
+
],
|
340 |
+
[
|
341 |
+
"ืืื ื\"ื ืืื ืืจืื ืืื ืื ืจืืช ืฉืื ืืืช ืขื ืฉืื ืขืืื ืืจืืคืืื ืืืืืืง ืฉืื ืืืช ืจืง ืฉื ืืื ืื ืื ืจืืื ืืืื ืืืงืื:"
|
342 |
+
],
|
343 |
+
[
|
344 |
+
"ืืื ืืืขืืื ืื ืจืืช ืขื ืืฉืืื ืืื ืืื ื ืื ืฉืืชื ืืืื ืืงืืื:"
|
345 |
+
],
|
346 |
+
[
|
347 |
+
"ืื ืืงืจื ืืืืจ ืื ืจ ื\"ื ืฉื ืื ืืกืคืจ ืืื ืืื ืืืืคื ืืืจ:"
|
348 |
+
],
|
349 |
+
[
|
350 |
+
"ืชืคืืช ืขืจืืืช ืืคื' ืืฉืืช ืืืื ื ืืืงื ืืืฃ ืืืืื ืื ืื ืืคืฉืจ ืืื ืื ืขืฉืจื:"
|
351 |
+
],
|
352 |
+
[
|
353 |
+
"ืขืจืืืช ืืฉืืช ืืชืืืืื ืืจืื ืืฆืืืจ. ืืืืืจ ืชืคืืช ื\"ื ืืืืจ ืืฉ\"ืฅ ืืืฆืืืจ ืืืืืจืื ืืืืืื. ืืืื ืืืืช ืืืืจ ืืฉ\"ืฅ ืืื ืืืขื ืฉืืืขืื:"
|
354 |
+
],
|
355 |
+
[
|
356 |
+
"ืื ืืฉืื ืืจื ืืืื\"ื ืืืคืืจืกื ืืื ืื ืืื' ืืืื ื\"ืฅ ื\"ืฅ ืืงืืืชื ื ืื ืชืืงืฉ ืืืฉืืื ืฉื ืืขืื ืืฆืคืช ืชืื\"ื ืขื' ืกื' ืจืข\"ื ืื\"ื ืกืง\"ื ืฉืืชื ืื \"ื ืืื ืจืืฆื ืื' ืืฉืืขืชื ืืฉื ืืืืื ืืืกืื ืฉืืืจ ืฉืื ืืื ื ื ืืื ืืืืืจืื ื ืืืจืืืช (ืืฃ ื\"ื ืข\"ื) ืจื ืฆืื ืฉื ืฉืืช ืื'. ืช\"ืฉ ื\"ืจ ื ืืื ืืืจ ืฉืืืื ืื' ืืฉืืข ืืืงื ืืฉืืชืคืื ืชืืื ืื ืืืื ืืงืืฉ ืืืข\"ื ืืื ืืฉืืื ื ืืชืคืื ืืื ื ืืืื ืืงืืฉ. ืืื ืืฆืืชื ืืจืื\"ื ืกื' ืง\"ืข ืฉืืชื ืืืืชืคืื ืฉื ืฉืืช ืืข\"ืฉ ืืืข\"ื ืืืขืช ืืงืืฉ ื ืื ืขื ืืืืก ืืืข\"ื ืืฉืืข ืืืงื ืฉืืชืคืื ืชืืื ืขื\"ื ืืจื ืจ' ืืืื ื\"ืฅ:"
|
357 |
+
],
|
358 |
+
[
|
359 |
+
"ืืฉืขืช ืงืืืฉ ืขื ืืืื ืื ืืื ืืืื ืขื ืืฉืืืื (ืขื' ืชืืก' ืืคืกืืื ื' ืง' ืข\"ื ื\"ื ืฉืืื ืื'):"
|
360 |
+
],
|
361 |
+
[
|
362 |
+
"ืืื ืืขืืจ ืืืก ืฉื ืงืืืฉ ืืืื\"ื ืืืืืื ืืฉืฉื ืืืกืืช ืกืืื ืื\"ื ืืื ืืื\"ื ืืืจืื ืื' ืืขืืืื (ืืจืืืช ื' ื \"ื):"
|
363 |
+
],
|
364 |
+
[
|
365 |
+
"ืืืืจ ืืื ืืืื ืงืืืฉ. ืืืงืืฉืื ืืื\"ื ื ืืืืื ืืืืื:"
|
366 |
+
],
|
367 |
+
[
|
368 |
+
"ืืงืืฉ ืืืืฉื. ืืืืื ืฉืืฉื ืชืืืืช ืื ืืื ืืื. ืืฉืืชื ืืืื ืจืง ืฉืืฉืืืจ ืงืฆืช ืฉืืฉืืจื ืืืืืชืื. ืื\"ืฆ ืืจืื ืืืจืื ื:"
|
369 |
+
],
|
370 |
+
[
|
371 |
+
"ืืฃ ืืงืืืฉ ืืืื ืืื ื ืืงืืฉ ืืื ืืืงืื ืกืขืืื ืืืืจื ืืื ืืื ื ืชืจืืืื ืื ืืื:"
|
372 |
+
],
|
373 |
+
[
|
374 |
+
"ืืืืฆืข ืขื ืฉืชื ืืืืช ืฉืืืืืช ืืืืื ื ืืืชื ืฉืชืืื ืืืื (ืืื ืื ืกืขืืื ืืื ืืื\"ื) ืืืขืช ืืจืฉื\"ื ื\"ื ื ืืฆื ืืื ืืฉืืช ืืืื ืฉืฉื ืืืืช ืืืืืื ืข\"ืค ืืืืืจ ืืคืขื ืืื ืืื ืืื ืืื ืืคื ืื ืืื ืืืืช ืืืฆืข ืืช ืืืื:"
|
375 |
+
],
|
376 |
+
[
|
377 |
+
"ืืชืงื ืช ืขืืจื ืืืืื ืฉืื ืืืื ืฉืืช ืืื ื ืฉืื ืืื ืฉืืื ื ื ืฉืื (ืขืืื ืืขืื ืกื' ืฆ\"ื) ืืืฉืื ืืืื ืืืืฉื:"
|
378 |
+
],
|
379 |
+
[
|
380 |
+
"ืืืืื ืืฉืืช ืื ืฆืจืื ืืงืจื ืืืื ืืืืื ืื\"ืฉ ืืื ืืฉืืช ืื ื\"ื ืืืืืจ ืฉืื ืืื ืืืื ืกืืืื ืืืืฆื ืฉืืจื ืืืคืกืื ืืคืฉืืื ืื ืฆืจืื ืืขืืืจ ืืจื ืืืช ืืืจืืฅ ืฉืืกืืจ ืืขืืืจ ืืืจืืฅ ืฉื ืืคืจืื ืืืืื ืฉื ืืคืจืื ืื:"
|
381 |
+
],
|
382 |
+
[
|
383 |
+
"ืืฉืืช ืฉืืจืืช ืืชืคืืืื ืืคืืจืื ืขื ืฉืืื ืขื ืืืฉืืื ืขื ืืชืืื ืืฉ\"ืฅ. ืืืื ืืขืฆืื ืืชืืื ื\"ืฉ ืืืืืจ ืคื\"ื ืืงืื ืจื ืขื ืฉืืื ืขื ืืื ืืื\"ื:"
|
384 |
+
],
|
385 |
+
[
|
386 |
+
"ืืื ืืืืจืื ืืฆืื ืงืจืื\"ืฅ ืืฉืื ืฉืืช ืฉื ืื ืืืืช ืืฉื ื ืจืง ืืืจืืข ืคืจืฉืืืช ืืืฉื\"ื ืืืืจืื ืืงืจืื\"ืฅ ืืืจ ืชืคืืช ืฉืืจืืช ืงืืื ืืื ืืืื ืื\"ื ืืืื ืื ืชืขืื ืงืืืฉื ืื' ืจืง ืืคืืื ืฉืืืจืื ืืฉื ืืืกืฃ ืค' ืฉืงืืื ืืค' ืืืืฉ ื\"ื ืืื:"
|
387 |
+
],
|
388 |
+
[
|
389 |
+
"ืืืืงืื ืืชืคืืช ืฉืืช. ืืืืฃ ืืืฃ ืืืคื ืื' ืืกืืื ืืืืฃ ืืืืื. ืื\"ื ืืื ืืื ืืืชื ืื ืืฉืื ื ืขืจืืื. ืื ืืกื ืขื ืืื ืื ืืกื ืืืื ืืชืงืืฉ ืฉืื ื' ืืืืื ื ืื ื ืืขืื ื ืื':"
|
390 |
+
],
|
391 |
+
[
|
392 |
+
"ืงืจืืืช ืืชืืจื ืืืื ืืก\"ืช ืืคืืื ืืื ืืืืช ืฉื ื ืืืื ืืืืืืื ืืืืจ ืืืืจ ืื\"ืฉ ืืืืช ืืืจ:"
|
393 |
+
],
|
394 |
+
[
|
395 |
+
"ืคืืชื ืืืืจื ืืงืืจื ืืื\"ื ืืืื ืืืืจื:"
|
396 |
+
],
|
397 |
+
[
|
398 |
+
"ืฆืจืื ืืฉืืืข ืื ืชืืื ืืชืืื ืืืจืืืช ืืืืืฉ ืืื ืืกืืืข ืืืงืืจื ืืื:"
|
399 |
+
],
|
400 |
+
[
|
401 |
+
"ืืื ืงืืจืืื ื\"ื ื' ืงืจืืืื. ืืืื ืืกืืืืื ืืคืจืฉืืืช ืื ืจืฉืืื ืืืืืฉ ื\"ื ืืืงืื ืฉืืื ืคืชืืื ืื ืกืชืืื ืื ืืืงืื ืฉื ืจืื ืืืชืจ ืืคืกืง ืขื ืื:"
|
402 |
+
],
|
403 |
+
[
|
404 |
+
"ืืื ืฉืืช ืืื ืขืืื ืืฉืฉื. ืืืืจืืข ืคืจืฉืืืช ืขืืื ืืืคืืืจ. ืืค' ืืืืจ ืงืืจื ืืขืฆืื ืืคืจืฉื ืืชืืจื:"
|
405 |
+
],
|
406 |
+
[
|
407 |
+
"ืืฉืืื ืงืืจื ืค' ืืืืจ ืงืืจื ืืืจ ืืกืืื ืชืืช ืืืืื:"
|
408 |
+
],
|
409 |
+
[
|
410 |
+
"ืืืื ืืื ืืขืฆืื ืืืื ืืืคืืืจ ืืชืืื ืขื ืฉืืืืืื ืืก\"ืช:"
|
411 |
+
],
|
412 |
+
[
|
413 |
+
"ืืคืืืจื ืื ืืืื ืืืขืืื ืื ืืื ื ืืชื ืืืืืื ืืก\"ืช ืขื ืขืืืืื ืื' ืงืืจื ืืืื ืฉืืืขืื. ืืื ืืฆืืืจ ืงืืจืืื ืืงืื ืจื ืขื ืืงืืจื ื ืขืฉื ืืจืืช ืืงืืจื ืืจืื ืืืืื. ืื\"ืฉ ืื\"ื ืืฉื ืก' ืืืืื ืืช (ืกื' ืจืค\"ื ืก\"ืง ื') ืืืืจื ืืฉืงืืจืืื ืืืืืฉ ืฉืื ืฆืจืืืื ืืฆืืืจ ืืืืจ ืื ืืช ืขื ืืงืืจื ืืื ืืืื:"
|
414 |
+
],
|
415 |
+
[
|
416 |
+
"ืืืคืืืจื ืค' ืคืจื ืืกืืฃ ืคืกืืง ืืงืืฉืชื ืืช ืฉืื ืืืืื ืื' ืื ืืกื ืืืงืืฉื ืืื ืืขืื ืืื:"
|
417 |
+
],
|
418 |
+
[
|
419 |
+
"ืืงืื ืคืืจืงื ืืื ืฉืืืจื ืืื ืืจืืืื ืืืฉืืืจืืื ืืืืฉ ื\"ื ื\"ื ืจืง ืืฉืืืจืืื ืจ\"ื ืื ืืืืจืื ืืืชื:"
|
420 |
+
],
|
421 |
+
[
|
422 |
+
"ืืงืืืฉืช ื ืขืจืืฆื ืืืืจ ืืืืืช ืืื ืืืืืื ืื ื ื' ืืืืืื ืืื ืืคืกืง ืืื. ืื ืืื ืคืกืืง ืืื:"
|
423 |
+
],
|
424 |
+
[
|
425 |
+
"ืฉืืช ืืฉืืืจ ืืื ืฉืื ืืืืจ ื\"ื ืืืจื ืชืืจื ืืืืจืืืช ืื ืจืืช ืืฉืื ืืื ืืช ืืืืชื ืืืจืื ืฉื ืขืฉื ืข\"ืค ื\"ื ืื ืืืื ืืจื ืืจืืืืช ืฉืื ื (ืขื' ืืฉ\"ืข ืฉืื ืกื' ืฉื\"ื ืก\"ืง ื\"ื ืื\"ื) ืืคืฉืืื ืฉืื ืืฆืืืช ืื\"ื ืืขืฉืืช ืฉืื ืืืจ. ืืื ืฉืื ืื ืืฉืจืื ืข\"ื ื\"ื ืืกืืจ ืืื ื ืืืชื ืืืืชืจ ืืืฉืจืื ืืืจ:"
|
426 |
+
],
|
427 |
+
[
|
428 |
+
"ืฉืื ืืืฉื ืืฉืืช ืืื ืืคื' ืืืงืื ืฉืืฉ ืขืืจืื ืืคืืื ืืืฆืจ ืืืืืช ืื ืืฉื ื\"ื ืืืื. (ืข' ืฉ\"ืข ืฉืื ืกื' ืฉ\"ื ืก\"ืง ื\"ื ืื\"ื):"
|
429 |
+
],
|
430 |
+
[
|
431 |
+
"ืืื ืืฉื ืื ืืืืขืื ืื ืฉืชืงืื ืืืืจืื ืืฆืื ืืืืจ ืื ืฉืื ืืชืืฉืืืื ืืกืืจืื ืืคืืื ืืืฆืจ ืืืืืช. ืืื ืฉืื ืืืฉื ืชืื ืืง ืืจื ืืจืืืืช ืฉืื ื (ืขื' ื\"ื ืกื' ืฉ\"ื ืก\"ืง ืข\"ื):"
|
432 |
+
],
|
433 |
+
[
|
434 |
+
"ืืื ืืืื ืืืฅ ืืชืืื ืข\"ืค ืขืืจืื ืืืื ืืืขืจ ื\"ื ืฉืชื ืกืขืืืืช ืืืื\"ื ืคืช ืื ืืืคืช ืื ืืช ืืคืช:"
|
435 |
+
],
|
436 |
+
[
|
437 |
+
"ืขืืจืืื ืืฆืืจืืช ืืื ืืกืืื ืขื ืืืฆื ืฉืืืื\"ื . ืืื ืืื ืืื ืื ืืื ืข\"ืฉ ืืืืจื ืื ืืฉ ืืฉืฉ ืืืืืื ืืขืื ืืื ืืฉืฉืืช:"
|
438 |
+
],
|
439 |
+
[
|
440 |
+
"ืืื ืืืืืืจ ืฉืื ืืืจ ืืชื ืืจ ืืืจ ืฉืืขืืื ืืืืจ ืืืื ืืื ืื ืืขืืื ืจืง ืขื ืืชื ืืจ ืืืชืจ:"
|
441 |
+
],
|
442 |
+
[
|
443 |
+
"ื ืืกื ืืจืื ืฉืืืฉืืช ืืืื\"ื ืืฉืืช ื ืืื ื ื' ืืืืื ื ืื' ืืืขืช ืืจื\"ืฃ ื\"ื (ืขืืื ืฉ\"ืข ืฉืื ืกื' ืงืค\"ื ืก\"ืง ื'):"
|
444 |
+
],
|
445 |
+
[
|
446 |
+
"ืืขื ืื ืืืื ืฉืืช ืื ืืื ืืืืืืฃ ืืืฃ ืจืื ืืขื ืจืืฉ ืื ืืขืืจ ืืืจ ืฉืื ืืืืืืฃ:"
|
447 |
+
],
|
448 |
+
[
|
449 |
+
"ืชืคืืช ืื ืื ืืงืืื ืืื ืืคืืื ืืืื ืืืฉืืช ืืงืืื ืืืชืจ ืืฉืื ืกืขืืื ืฉืืืฉืืช. ืืืืืืช ืืืืจืฃ ื\"ื ืืจืื ื ืคืฉื:"
|
450 |
+
],
|
451 |
+
[
|
452 |
+
"ืืื ืื ืืฉืืช ืื' ืื' ื\"ืฆ ืืงืจืืช ืจืง ืื\"ื ืคืกืืงืื ืืืื ืืืืกืืฃ ืฉืื ืืฆืืจื. ืืื ืกืืื ื' ืคืกืืงืื ืืคืชืืื ืื ืืกืชืืื ืงืืจืืื ืขื ืคืชืืื ืื ืกืชืืื:"
|
453 |
+
],
|
454 |
+
[
|
455 |
+
"ืืืืื ืืืืฉื (ืข' ืฉ\"ืข ืฉืื ืกื' ืจืฆ\"ื ืก\"ืง ื\"ื). ืืืืืจืืช ืืจืขื ื ืืฉืืืื ื ืื ืืืืืืชืื ื ืืจืื ืื'. ืื๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ ืืืช ืืืขืงื ืืื ืืื ืฉืืื ืืขืฉื ืขืื ืื\"ืฉ ืื ืืื ืชืฉืืื ื:"
|
456 |
+
],
|
457 |
+
[
|
458 |
+
"ืืขืช ืชืคืืช ืขืจืืืช ืืจ\"ื ืืจืืื ืงืฆืช ืื ืจืืช. ืืืื ืืืืฉ ืืืืข ืฉืืช ืืืืื ืจ\"ื ืฉืืื ืืืืจืืืชื:"
|
459 |
+
],
|
460 |
+
[
|
461 |
+
"ืืืื ืคืกืืง ืืืืจ ื ื ืื' ืืืืืจื ื ื ืืฉ\"ืฅ ืืื ืืืืจ ืืืฆืืืจ ืฉืืืขืื ืืขืื ืื ืืืื. ืืืืงื ืืืื ืฉืืืืืื ืืื ืืืื ืฉืืืืจืื ืื ืืฆืืืจ ืืืืจืื ืื ืืคืกืืง ืขื ืืกืื:"
|
462 |
+
],
|
463 |
+
[
|
464 |
+
"ืืืืืืื ืื ืืกื ืืืืืื ื' ืืืืื ื ืื ืืขืฉืื:"
|
465 |
+
],
|
466 |
+
[
|
467 |
+
"ืืจ\"ื ืืื ืขืฆืื ืขืืื ืืจืืืขื:"
|
468 |
+
],
|
469 |
+
[
|
470 |
+
"ืืงืจืืื ืืค' ืืชืืื. ืืจืืฉืื ืงืืจื ืืืืืจ. ืฆื. ืืืืจืช. ืืืฉื ื ืงืืจื ืืช ืืืืฉ ืืื. ืืขืฉืืจืืช. ืขืืืช. ืื ืกืื. ืืืช ืืืืฉ. ืืืฉืืืฉื ืืืืจ ืืืขืื ืืงืืจื ืขืืืช ืชืืื. ืื ืกืื. ืืืช ืืืืฉ. ืืืืื ืืฉืืช. ืขืืืช ืฉืืช. ืืืจืืืขื ืืชืืื ืืืจืืฉื ืืืฉืืื ืขื ืืขืฉื ืื ืกืื (ืื\"ื ืืฉ\"ืข ืฉืื ืกื' ืชื\"ื ืก\"ืง ื'):"
|
471 |
+
],
|
472 |
+
[
|
473 |
+
"ืืชืคืืช ืืืกืฃ ืื ืืกื ืืืจืื ืืืืื ืืื ืชืฉืืขืช ืื' ืื ืขื ืืืื ืืืฉ ืืื ืืฉืื ืขืืจ ืืืืืื ืืชืืื ืืงืฉื ืขื ืืขืชืื:"
|
474 |
+
],
|
475 |
+
[
|
476 |
+
"ืืื ืืืืจืื ืฉืืจ ืฉื ืืืื ืืืืืจืื ืืืงืืื ืื' ืืืื ืืจ\"ื ืืจืื ื ืคืฉื (ืืืืืจ ืง\"ื) ืฉืืื ืฉืืจ ืฉื ืจ\"ื ืืืืื ืืคื' ืฉื ืฉืืช ืืคืฉืืื ืฉื ืื ืืื (ืข' ืกืืื ื' ื \"ื ืข\"ื. ืืืชืฉื' ืจื\"ืข ืืคืื ื ืกื' ื\"ื):"
|
477 |
+
],
|
478 |
+
[
|
479 |
+
"ืืขื ืื ืฉืืจ ืฉื ืืื ืืื ืื ื ืงืื ืืืื. ื\"ื ืฉื ื ืืืืืจืื ืืืื ืืื. ืืฉื ืจ\"ื ืืืื ืืช ืืื ืืคืืื ืฉื ืฉืืช ืืฉืืจ ืฉื ืฉืืช ืืืื ืฉื ืื\"ื ืืืื\"ื ืืื ืืื:"
|
480 |
+
],
|
481 |
+
[
|
482 |
+
"ืงืืืฉ ืืื ื ืืื ืืืืืฆืื ืืืฆืื ืขื ืฉืืขื ืืืจ ืืืืื ืื ืขื ืืืฆืื ืฉืืช ืจืง ืชืืืฃ ืืืจ ืฉืืฉื ืืืื ืืืืืื ืืงืืฉืื ืืื ืืงืืฉืื ืงืืื ื\"ื ืืงืืื ืื\"ื:"
|
483 |
+
],
|
484 |
+
[
|
485 |
+
"ื ืืกื ืงืืืฉ ืืื ื ืฉืฉืืขืชื ืืฉื ืืจื ืจ' ืื ืืืื ืืฉืงืืื ืืฉื ืจืืื ื ืืฆ\"ื ืืคืก ืื ืืฉืชืืื ืฉืื ืืื ืืืขืืืืื ืืคื ืื ืืืืจ ืฉื ืื ืื. ืคืืขืื ืืืช ืฉืคืขืืืชื ืืืช ืืืืื ื ืืืจ ืฉืชืชืืืฉ ืืืืจ ืืงืจ ืืขืืจืช ืชืคืืจืช ืื' ืื\"ื ืืงืืฉ ืืืฉืื. ืืฉื ืฉืื ื ืจืืงื ืื ืืื ืืืื ื ื ืืืข ืืื ืื ืื ืืจืงืื ืืืจืื ืื ืืื ืื ืืืขื ืื. ืข\"ื ืฉืืขืชื ืื\"ื ืืืก' ืกืืคืจืื ืขื ืืืืช ืจืืื ื ื\"ื:"
|
486 |
+
],
|
487 |
+
[
|
488 |
+
"ืืื ืืืืจืื ืฉืื ืคืกืืงืื ืื ืืคื ื ืืงืืืฉ ืืื ืืืืจืื ืจืง ืืชืืื ืื\"ื ืื' ืืืกืืื ืกืืื ืืื ืื' ืืืืื ืื:"
|
489 |
+
],
|
490 |
+
[
|
491 |
+
"ืืื\"ื ืืื ืืืืจืื ืืขืจืืืช ืืื:"
|
492 |
+
],
|
493 |
+
[
|
494 |
+
"ืงืจืื\"ืฅ ืฉื ืจืืืื ืืืืจืื ืืืจ ืืื ืงืืื ืืื ืืืื. ืืืืืจืื ืื ืืื ืื\"ื ืืืื ืื ืชืขืื ืงืืืฉื. ืืืืกืฃ ืืื ืจืืฉืื ืฉื ืคืกื ืืฉื ืฉ\"ืข ืืฉืืจืืช ืืืืกืฃ ืฉื ืจ\"ื ืืื\"ื ืืืืจืื ืชืื ืืชืคืื:"
|
495 |
+
],
|
496 |
+
[
|
497 |
+
"ืืฉืขืช ืืืฆืืช ืก\"ืช ืืื ืืืืจืื ืจืง ืืจืื ืฉืื' ืืื ืฉืื ืจืืฉ\"ืข ืืื ืื ืื ืขื ืืื ืื ืคืกืืง ืืค\"ืข ืืื\"ื ืืืื ื ืืฉ\"ืฅ ืื ืื ืขื ืืื ืื' ืขื ืืืชื ืฉื ืืื\"ื ืืืืจืื ืืฆืืืจ ืืขืื ืื ืืืชื ืคืกืืง ืืืืืจ ืืฉ\"ืฅ ืืื ืื ืฉืื ืื' ืืืืืจืื ืืฆืืืจ ืืื ืขื ืืืืจื:"
|
498 |
+
],
|
499 |
+
[
|
500 |
+
"ืืื\"ื ืขืืื ืืืืืฉื. ืืื ื\"ื ืืืืื ืืงืจืืช ืืืืืฉื ืืคืกืืงืื ืืืืืจืื ืืขื ืื ื ืฉื ืืืชื ืืื ืขืืื ืืคืกืืงืื ืืืืืจืื ืืขื ืื ื ืฉื ืืื:"
|
501 |
+
],
|
502 |
+
[
|
503 |
+
"ืื ืฉืืืช ืืคืื ืืฉืืืข ืื ืืื ืืคื ืืืื ืื ืืื ืืืืจ ืฉืื ืคืกืืงืื:"
|
504 |
+
],
|
505 |
+
[
|
506 |
+
"ืืืื ืื ืืคืจืืื ืื ืืืฆืืขืืช ืืื ืืขืฉืืช ืืืฉื ืืืืจืื:"
|
507 |
+
],
|
508 |
+
[
|
509 |
+
"ืื ืืืืจ ืืฉ\"ืฅ ืื\"ื ืจืง ืชืืืฃ ืืฉืืกืืื ืืฉ\"ืฅ ืืื ื ืื ืืืืืืช ืืขืื ืื ืืฆืืืจ ืืื ืงืืจื ืืืื ืืขืืกืง ืืฆืจืื ืฆืืืจ ืืื ืื ืื ืืฉ\"ืฅ. ืืฉืืฉ ืฉื ื ืืื ืื ืืงืจื ืืืื ืืื ืื ืืืืื ืื ืืงืจื ืืืฉ\"ืฅ ืืงืจื ืืืื ืื ืืืจืื ืื':"
|
510 |
+
],
|
511 |
+
[
|
512 |
+
"ืืฉืืช ืืื\"ื ืื ืื\"ื ืฉืื ืืืืืช ืืฉืืช ืื ืืกื ืืืืฉืืื ื ืืืืจืช ืืืจืื ื ืงืืฉื ื ืืืฆืืชืื ืื' ืื\"ื ืื\"ื ืจืฆื ืืื ืืืชื ื:"
|
513 |
+
],
|
514 |
+
[
|
515 |
+
"ืืืจ ืขืืื ื ืืืืจืื ืฉืืจ ืืืืื ืืฉืืจ ืืืืื ืื ืืฉ ืฉืืืช ืืืืืจืื ืืืชืื ืืื ืืื ืคืกืืง ืืคืกืืง ืืืื ืืฉ\"ืฅ ืืื ืืฆืืืจ ืืืื ืฉืื ืคืกืืง. ืจืง ืืฉ\"ืฅ ืืืืจ ืคืกืืง ื' ืืืฆืืืจ ืืืืจืื ืืืืืจืื ืืืชื ืคืกืืง ืืขืื ืคืกืืง ื' ืืืคืกืืง ืฉืืฆืืืจ ืืืกืืคืื ืื ืืฉ\"ืฅ ืืืืจ ืขืืื ืืืืกืืฃ ืคืกืืง ื' ืืงืื ืจื ืืื ืขื ืกืืฃ ืฉื\"ื ืืื\"ื ืืืืจืื ืืืืืจ ืืฉืืื ืืืืชื ืืื ืืืืืืจ ืื ื' ืืืงืืื ืืืืขืื. ืงืืืฉ. ืืืื ืขืืื:"
|
516 |
+
],
|
517 |
+
[
|
518 |
+
"ืื ื ืืฉื ืกืืจ ืืชืคืื ืฉื ืื\"ื ืขื ืืฆืืช ืืชืคืื ืื ืื ืงืืื ืกืขืืื:"
|
519 |
+
],
|
520 |
+
[
|
521 |
+
"ืืืชืจ ืืืืื ืืจืืื ืืื\"ื:"
|
522 |
+
],
|
523 |
+
[
|
524 |
+
"ืืช ืืื\"ื ืจืืฉืื ืื ืขืกืงืื ืขื ืืื ืขืืืื ืืื\"ื ืฉื ื ืื ืขืกืงืื ืข\"ื ืืฉืจืื ืืืืชืจ ืืืืื ื ืืืื ืืื ืฉื ื ืืื ืฉืืชืขืกืงื ืื ืืฉืจืื (ืืืื ืืืขืช ืืจืื\"ื ื\"ื ืฉืืืื ืื\"ื ืกื' ืชื\"ื):"
|
525 |
+
],
|
526 |
+
[
|
527 |
+
"ืืื ืื ืืืื ืชืคืืื ืืืืื ืฉื ืืืขื (ืข' ืืฉ\"ืข ืฉืื ืกื' ื\"ื ืก\"ืง ื') ืืืืืืื ืืช ืืืืขืืืช ืืืกืืช ื ืงืื ืืืืืืื ืืฉืชื' ืงืจืื ืืื\"ื ืืืืจ. ืืืงืคืื ืขื ืื ืืื ืื ืื ืื ืืื ืืื ืืืืืจืื ืืืืฆืื ืืื ืืื ืืืื\"ื ืืื ืืืื ืืคืฉืืื ืฉืื ืืืฉื ืืื ืืช ืื ืฉืืจ ืคืจืืืืื ืฉืืื ื ืืืชืจ ื\"ื ืืืืจ ืืืื. ืืืืกืจื ืื ืืืืจื ืืื ืืื ืื ืชืคืืื ืืืงืจ ืืืงืจ:"
|
528 |
+
],
|
529 |
+
[
|
530 |
+
"ืืฉืืช ืื\"ื ืคืกื ืืกืืืืช ืืืฉืืืขืืช ืืื ื' ืืืจ ืืืฆืจืืช ืงืืื ืืื ืืืื ืงืืจืื ืืืืื ืื ืืืื ืืืขืื' ืืืืื ืื ืืชืืช ืืืืืื ืืก\"ืช ืขื ืขืืืืื ืื' ืงืืจื ืืืืื ืฉืืืขืื ืืืงืืจื ืืืจื ืฉืชื ืืจืืืช ืขื ืืงืจื ืืืื ืืฉืืืื ื. ืืคืขื ื' ืืืงืืข ืืืืชื ืฉื ืืืฉ ืืื ืืฉืืจืืช ืืฆืื ืืืืฆืื ืืก\"ืช ืืงืจืืช ืืื ืงืจืื ืืืืื. ืืืื ืื ืฆืื ืืงืจืืช ืืืืื ืืืืจื ืืื ืืืงืจ:"
|
531 |
+
],
|
532 |
+
[
|
533 |
+
"ืืขื ืื ืืคืืืจืช ืืขืจืื ืืฉืืช ืืืืื ืืกืืฃ ืืืื ืฆืื ืืืคืืืจ ืืขืจืื ืืฉืืช ืืืืื ืฉืืื ื ืื ืืข\"ืค ืืืื ืืืืจ ืฉืื ืื ืฉืืช ืืืืื ืืข\"ืค ืืื ืืืคืืืจ ืืขืจืื ืืืื ืืืคื ืื ืื ืืขืืื ืื ืืคื ืืืขืืื ืฉืืืืืจ ืืืืืฉ ืฉื ืชืงื ืืขืจืื ืืฉืืช ืืืืื ืืฉ ืืืคื ืืกืืจ:"
|
534 |
+
],
|
535 |
+
[
|
536 |
+
"ืืฉืืช ืืืืื ืืื ืื ืืื ืืืืจืื ืขืืืื ืืืื ื ืืืขื ืืืืืืจ ืืืืืืช' ืื ืชืงื ื ืืืืื ืืืื ืืจ\"ื ืชืืืื ืืืืจ ืืขืืืจ ืื ืืฉืขื ืฉืืฆื ืืืจืืจ ืื' (ืข' ืฉ\"ืข ืฉืื ืกื' ืช\"ื ืก\"ืง ื'):"
|
537 |
+
],
|
538 |
+
[
|
539 |
+
"ืืืืงืช ืืืฅ ืืืืจืื ืืืกืืงืื ืืืข\"ืค ืฉืืืง ืืืื ืฆืจืื ืืืืืง ืืืืจ ืื ืจ ืืคืืื ืืื ืชืืื ืืืคื' ืืกืคืจืื ืฉืืฉืชืืฉ ืืื ืืฉืขืช ืกืขืืื. ืื ืืฉื ืืื ืืืืืงื ืืื ืืืชืืื ืืืืืง ืงืืื ืืืืื ืืคืกืืง ืืืืฆืข ืืชืคืืช ืืขืจืื ืืืื ื ืืืฉืฉ:"
|
540 |
+
],
|
541 |
+
[
|
542 |
+
"ืืื ืืืืืช ืืืฅ ืืข\"ืค ืื ืืืื ืืืฉืืื ืืื ืฅ ืขื ืฉืงืืขืช ืืืื:"
|
543 |
+
],
|
544 |
+
[
|
545 |
+
"ืฉืื ืืืืืจ ืฉืื ืืืจ ืืืฅ ืื ืื ืืืืจื ืขืืืืืช:"
|
546 |
+
],
|
547 |
+
[
|
548 |
+
"ืืืจ ืืคืกื ืืื ืืืงื ืื ืืฉืืง ืื ืฉืืืคืื ืืงืื ืฉื ืืฉืจืื ืืืฉืืจืื ืืื\"ืฉ ืืฉืืจ ืฉื ืืฉืจืื ืื ืืืืืจื ืืจืืข ืข\"ื ืื ืืงื ื ืจืง ืฉืืื ืืฉื ื\"ื ืื ืืงืื ืฉื ืืฉืจืื ืื ืืื ื ืืชืืชื ืืื\"ืฉ ืืฉืืจ ืฉื ืืฉืจืื ืื ืืฉืชื ืขื ืฉืืขืฉื ืืืืฉ:"
|
549 |
+
],
|
550 |
+
[
|
551 |
+
"ืืืืืืข ืฆืจืื ื\"ื ืืืืืจื ืื\"ื ืืื ืืื ื ืืืื ืจืง ืืฉืืคืจืื ืื ืืฃ ืืค\"ืข ืืืืื ืืืื:"
|
552 |
+
],
|
553 |
+
[
|
554 |
+
"ืืืชืจ ืืืืื ืืืืืช ืฉื ื\"ื ืืคืกื ืืืคืืื ืืืืืื ืืืฅ:"
|
555 |
+
],
|
556 |
+
[
|
557 |
+
"ืื ืืืื ืืืืืื ื ืืกืจ ืืืื ืืืชืืจ ืืื ื ืงืื ืืืช ืืืื ืืืจื ืืืคื' ืืฉื ืช ืืฆืืจืช ืืื ืฉืื ืืจืข ืงื ืืืก ืืื ืืืชืืจ:"
|
558 |
+
],
|
559 |
+
[
|
560 |
+
"ืฉืืขืช ืืืื ืชืืื ืืฆืืช ืื ืฉืืขื ืืฆืื ืืืื ื ืงืืจื ืื ืจืฉืืช ืืื ืืืื ืืืื ืจืืฉืื ื ืฉืืื ืืืื ืืืฆืื ืืืื ืืืื ืจืฉืืช ืงืจื ืืื ืืขืค\"ื ืืฆืื ืืืืืจืืืชื ืืื ืืื ืคืืจืฉื ื\"ื ื\"ืฆ ืืืช ืคืกื ืืืฆื ืกืืืืช ืืกืืืื ืืขืื ืืื ืจืืืืช ืืืื ืืืื ืืื ืืฆืืช ืืืืืช ืืฆื ืื ืฉืืขื ืืืื\"ื ืืืจืื ืืื ืืืื ืกืขืืื ืฉืืืฉืืช ืืข\"ืค ืฉืื ืืื ืื๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝื ืฉืืฉ ืกืขืืืืช ืืฉืืจ ื\"ื ืืคื ื ืืืืืช ืืฆืืช ืืืืืช ืืฆื ืฉืืื ื ืืืื ืื ืืืืืฆืื ื\"ื ืืื ืืฉืชืื ืืืขืื ืืืฅ ืืื ืืืฉ ืืืืจืชื ื ืืื ืชืื ืืกืจ. ืืืื ื ืื ืข ืืืืื ืืืืจ ืคืกื ืืฆื ืฉืืืฆืืื ืื ืืื ืืืืชื ืืคืกื ืื\"ื ืืืืืจื ืืขืฉืืืช ืืืฆืื ืฉืืื ืขืืฉืื ืืืชื ืืื ืื ืืื ืืคื ื ืืืืจืช ืืืืจื ืืชืขืื ืฉืื:"
|
561 |
+
],
|
562 |
+
[
|
563 |
+
"ืืืฆืืช ืฉื ืื ืืื ืืคืกื ืืืื ืืืืื ืืฉืืืจืืช ืืฉืขืช ืงืฆืืจื ืืืืืืจ ืืื ืืืืจ ืืืืช ืฉืืืืื ืชื ื ืืฆืืื ืืื ืื ืืฉืืื ืืืื ืืงืฆืืจ ืืืชืืืื ืขื ืคื ื ืืฉืื ืืขืื ืืื ืืฉืฉืืช ืืืื ืืื ืืชืืืง ืจืืขืืชื:"
|
564 |
+
],
|
565 |
+
[
|
566 |
+
"ืืืชืจ ืืืืื ืืืืืื ืืชืืฉืืืื ืืขืฉืืื ืืงืื ืืฆืืช ืืืื ืืืืฉ ืฉืื ื ืฉืืจ ืืงืื ืฉืื ื ืืคื ืืคื ืืืฉืืื ืืืื ืืืืืฅ ืืืฃ ืฉืื ื ืืคื ืื ืฆืจืื ืขื\"ืค ืื ืืจืข ืืงืืืืช ืฉืืื ื ืืืืืฅ. (ืข' ืฉ\"ืข ืกื' ืชืก\"ื ืกืขืืฃ ื' ืืืืืจืื ืก\"ืง ื'):"
|
567 |
+
],
|
568 |
+
[
|
569 |
+
"ืืืืืจ ืืขืืื ืืขืช ืืคืืืช ืืฆืืช. ืืืื ื\"ื ืืื ืืืคื ืืืฆืืช ืฉืืืืืื ืืืืื ืจืืฉืื ื ืขื ืฉืืจ ืืืฆืืช ืืืื ืืื ืืื ืืงืคืื ืืืคืืชื ืืข\"ืค ืืืจ ืืฆืืช (ืข' ืฉ\"ืข ืฉืื ืกื' ืชื \"ื ืก\"ืง ื') ืื ืื ืขืฉื ืืื ืกืื ืื ืืื ืืื ืจืง ืืื ืืืจืจ ืืืืืืจืื ืฉืืื ืืืฆืืช ืืื ืจืืฉืื:"
|
570 |
+
],
|
571 |
+
[
|
572 |
+
"ืืข\"ืค ืื ืืื ืืืคืจืืฉ ืืื ืืืืฆืืช ืื ืืชื ื ืืืื ืืืืื (ืข' ืืขืื ืกืขื' ืง\"ื) ืืืื ืืืืช ืืฉื ื ืืคืจืืฉ ืืืช ืืืืจ:"
|
573 |
+
],
|
574 |
+
[
|
575 |
+
"ืืข\"ืค ืืืจ ืืฆืืช ืืื ืืืืจ ืคืกืืงื ืขืฉืืืช ืงืจืื ืคืกื ืฉืืชื \"ื ืืืื ื ืืค' ืื ืื ืืืืืจ ื' ืื ืืฉื ืืื ืืืจื ืขื ืคืกื ืืื ืื'. ืืื ืืืงืจื ืืฉื ืขื ืื ืขืฉื. ืืื ืืืืืจ ื' ืื ืืฉื ืืืืจื ืืืช ืืงืช ืืคืกื ืขื ืื ืขืฉื. ืืืค' ืืืืจ ืืื ืืืขืื ื' ืขื ืคืกื ืื'. ืืืค' ืืืขืืชื ืืืืืจ ื' ืื ืืฉื ืืืืืจ ืกืื ื ืืฉื ื ืืฉื ืืช ืขื ืืืืืจื ืืืจืฅ. ืืืค' ืคืื ืืก ืคืกืืง ืืืืืฉ ืืจืืฉืื ืืืจืืขื ืขืฉืจ ืืื ืืืืฉ ืคืกื ืื' ืืืค' ืจืื ืฉืืืจ ืืช ืืืฉ ืืืืื ืขื ืื ืชืขืฉื ืืืืื. ืืืืืืฉืข ืื ืืืื ื ืื ื ืืฉืจืื ืืืืื ืขื ืืขืฆื ืืืื ืืื ืงืืคืืื ื'. ืืืืืืื ื' ืงืืคืืื ื\"ื ืื ืืืฆื ืืืื ืืช ืื ืืขื ืขื ืื' ืืืจืืฉืืื ืืืืืจื ืืืืื ื' ืงืืคืืื ื' ืื ืืืฉืื ืืืืงื' ืขื ืื ืืฉืจืื ืขื ืืืจืคื ืืช ืืขื. ืืืงืืคืืื ื\"ื ืื ืืืขืฉ ืืืฉื' ืืืจืืฉืืื ืขื ื ืขืฉื ืืคืกื ืืื:"
|
576 |
+
],
|
577 |
+
[
|
578 |
+
"ืกืืจ ืฉื ืคืกื ืืืืืื ืืืืก ืืืงืืฉ ืื ืืืืื ืืืืื ืืืืจืืื ืขื ื ืืืืช ืืืื ืืืืื ืืืืืฅ ืืืืจื ืืคื\"ื ืืืืื ืืืืช ืืืื ื ืืืจื ืืจืื ืืืจืื ื ืืื\"ื ืืืืืื ืืงืขืจื ืขื ืืืฆืืช ืืืืืื ืืกืืืจืช ืฉื ื ืืฆืืช (ืข' ืฉ\"ืข ืฉืื ืกื' ืชืข\"ื ืก\"ืง ื\"ื) ืืืจืืจ ืืืจืืกืช ืืืจืืข ืืืืฆื ืงืขืจืช ืืกืืจ ืืืืฆืข ืืืืืื ืืืคืืงืืื ืื ืฉืืจ ืคืจืืกื ืืฉืืืื ืคืจืืกื ืืืืขืื ืืื ืื ืืืจืืข ืืืืืฆื ืชืืช ืืฉืืืื ืืืืฆื ืืืคื ืืืชื ืืืจืืจ ืืืจืืกืช ืืืืขืื ืืืืืื ืืงืขืจื ืืขืฆืื ืืืืืจ ืื ืืืื ืขื ืื ืืืื ืฉืืืขืื ืืื\"ื ื ืืืืื ืืงืขืจื ืืขื ืืฉืืืื ืืื ืืืืืื ืืืืก ืืฉืืืืื ืื ื ืฉืชื ื ืืืืืจ ืืืื ืืืืื ืฉืืืขืื ืืืฉืืืืข ืืขืฉืจ ืืืืช ื ืืชื ืื ืื ืืื ืืืื ืฉืืคื ืื\"ื ืคืขืืื ืืื ืืกืืื ืืฆ\"ื ืืื' ืฉืืคื ื\"ืค ืืืืก ืฉืื ืขืืื ืืขืืืจ ืืื ืืืืกืืช ืฉื ืื ื ืืืืช ืืืืืก ืฉืื ืืืืฆืข ืืืืืจ ืืืื ืขื ืฉืืืืข ืืืฆื ืื ืืืืืื ืืงืขืจื ืืืืืจ ืืืฆื ืื ืขื ืืฉืจ ืืืื ื ืืืืกืื ืืงืขืจื ืืืืืจ ืืฉืจ ืืืื ื ืืืืจื ืืคื\"ื ืืฉืืชื ืืืืก ืืื\"ื ืืืืื ืคื ื ืืืื ืืืืจ ืฉืืข ืืจืืืช ืื \"ื ืืืืื ื ืืื ืงืืืฉ ืืื ืขื ื\"ื ืืคื\"ื ืืฉืจ ืืืื ื ืืื ืืจืืช ืฉืขืฉื ื ืกืื ืืืคื\"ื ืขื ืืืก ืฉื ื ืืื\"ื ื ืืืืื ืืืืื ืืืืจืืื ืขื ื\"ื ืืืืืฆืื ืืขื ืืืืืช ืืฆื ืขื ืืคืจืืกื ืืืืฆืข ืฉื ืืื ืืื\"ื ืืืืืื ืืจืืจ ืืจืืกืง ืืืืช ืืฉืืขืืจื ืืืฆื (ืขืืื ืืขืื ืืืืงืืื ืืื ืื ืกืขืืฃ ืง\"ื) ืืืฉืงืขื ืืืจืืกืช ืืื ืืืจืืื ื\"ื ืืฉืงืข ืืืจืืกืช ืืื\"ื ืืืืืื ืืืืฆื. ืืืขื ืืืืืื ืื ืืคื ื ืืืืืืช ืื ื\"ื ืืืืืืจ ืืืืืืช ื\"ื ืืืื ืจืง ืืืขื ืฉืืื ื๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝืจ ืืืืืื ืื ืฆืื ืืื ืืืืื ืืคืกื ืืืจ ืืคืกื ืจืง ืืฉืจ ืืืจ ืืคืกื ืืืืฆื ืืืจ ืืืืืื ืืื\"ื ืืืืืื ืืคืืงืืื ืืืืช ืืืืงื ืงืืื ืืฆืืช ืืื ืืื ืืื ืืืงืคืื ืื ืืื ืืืจ ืืฆืืช ืืื\"ื ืืืืก ืืขืืืจ ืฉืคืื ืืืชื ืืืื ืื\"ื ืืืืืื ืืื ืจืง ืืืื ืื ืฉืืช ืืืฉืชืื ืืืืชื ืืืจืืืช ืืฉืชืื ืืคืืื ืืื ืืืืื ื:"
|
579 |
+
],
|
580 |
+
[
|
581 |
+
"ืืืคืืืจืช ืืื ืฉื ื ืืื ืืืืืื ืืคืกืืง ืืืื ืืชืืคืช ืฉืืื ืืืจ ืคืกืืง ืื ืื ืืขืื ืื' ืืื ืืคืกืืงืื ืฉืืืืจืื ืืื ืืืืืื ืืื ืจืง ืืคืกืืง ืืืช ืืืืืช ืืฉืจ ืข\"ืค ืืจืืฉืืื ืืืืืื ืฉืืืืจ ืืื ืืชื ืฉื ืฉืืื:"
|
582 |
+
],
|
583 |
+
[
|
584 |
+
"ืืฉืืืขื ืืืืจืื ืฉื ืคืกื ืืืืจืื ืืืืืฉืข ืขื ืกืืฃ ืืฉืืจื ืคืกืืง ืืคืกืืง. ืคืืื ืื ืคืชืจืืก ืืื ืืืืฉื ืืืืืจืื ืฉื ืคืกื ืื ืคืืื ืืืขื ืืชืคืืจืช ืืืืจืื ืืงืื ืืืจื ืคืกืืง ืืคืกืืง. ืืืฉืืืขื ืคืืื ืืืจื ืืืืืื ืืืืจืื. ืืืฉืืื ื ืคืืื ืื ืืืขืื ืจืฉืข ืืื ืคืืื ืืฉืืจื ืื' ืื'. ืืืฉืืช ืืื\"ื ืคืืื ืืืื ืฉืืื ืืื ืืคืขื ืขื ืืืืจื ืืืจืืืื ืืชืืื ืืงืื ืืืจื:"
|
585 |
+
],
|
586 |
+
[
|
587 |
+
"ืฉืืจ ืฉื ืืื ืืืื ืืคืกื. ืืื ื' ืงื\"ื ืืฆืืช ืืฉืจืื. ื' ืข\"ื ืืฉืืื ืืืกืฃ. ื' ืค' ืจืขื ืืฉืจืื. ื' ืง\"ื ืืืื ืื' ืงืจืื. ื' ืงื\"ื ืืืื ืืช ืฉื. ื' ืก\"ื ืืจืืขื ืืืืืื. ืื ืืืืืืจืื ืืืื ืื ืฉืืช ืื' ืืื ื ืืื ืืคื ื ืฉืืจ ืฉื ืฉืืช ืืืืืจืช ืืฉืืช ืืชืืื ืืฉืืจ ืฉืคืกืง ืืืืืจ ืืื ืืื ืืกืืจ ืื \"ื ืืืืืจืื ื ืืื. ืฉืืืขื ืฉื ืคืกื ื\"ื ืืื ืฆื ืืขืื. ืืืจืื ืฉื ืคืกื ืงื\"ื ืืืื ืื' ืื ืืื:"
|
588 |
+
],
|
589 |
+
[
|
590 |
+
"ืืืฆืจ ืืขืชื ืื ืื ืฉืืจื ืืืื ืืืืจืื ืืงืื ืืืจื ืคืกืืง ืืคืกืืง ืืคืืื ื' ืงื ื ื ืจืืฉืืช ืืจืื ืืคืืื ืขืฉืจืช ืืืืจืืช ืืืืจืื ืืืชืื ืื ืขืืื ืืืฉ\"ืฅ ืืคืกืืง ืื ืขืืื ืื ืขื ืื ืืขื ืื:"
|
591 |
+
],
|
592 |
+
[
|
593 |
+
"ืฉืืจ ืฉื ืืื ืืฉืืืขืืช ืืื ื' ื\"ื. ืืื ื' ืก\"ื:"
|
594 |
+
],
|
595 |
+
[
|
596 |
+
"ืฉืืช ืืืื ืืื ื ืืฉื ื ืืืืื ืฉืืช ืืื ืืคื' ืื ื\"ื ืืฉืืช ืืื ืืืื ืืืื (ืขืืื ืฉ\"ืข ืฉืื ืกื' ืชืงื \"ื ืก\"ืง ื'):"
|
597 |
+
],
|
598 |
+
[
|
599 |
+
"ืกืขืืื ืืืคืกืงืช ืืื ื ืืืื ืฉืชื ืกืขืืืืช ืืืคืกืืง ืืื ืื ืืื ืืืื ืกืขืืื ืืืช ืืืจ ืื ืื ืข\"ื ืงืจืงืข ืืืื ื ืืืื ืืืฆืื ืืื:"
|
600 |
+
],
|
601 |
+
[
|
602 |
+
"ืื\"ื ืืืืจ ืืฉ\"ืฅ ืืืืจืช ืืฉ\"ืฅ ืืฉืืจืืช ืขื ื ื:"
|
603 |
+
],
|
604 |
+
[
|
605 |
+
"ื\"ื ืฉืืจ ืฉื ืืื. ืืชืืืฃ ืืืจ ืงืื ืืช ืืคืืื ืงืืื ืืฆืืช ืื ืื ืชืคืืื:"
|
606 |
+
],
|
607 |
+
[
|
608 |
+
"ืขื ื\"ืฉ ืจื\"ื ืืื\"ื ืกื' ืชืงื \"ื ืื ืฉืืื ืื\"ื ืืืืจ ื ืื ืืืื\"ื ื' ืจืืื ื ืืฆ\"ื ืืฉ\"ืข ืฉืื. ืื\"ื ืืื ืื\"ืฉ ืื\"ื ืก\"ืก ืชืจื\"ื ืืื ืืื ืืื ืืืจืื ื ืืฉืืช ืฉื ืืืื ืฉืืื ืืื ืงืจืื ืืืกืฃ ืื' ืืืื ืืื ืืืืจื ืืืื\"ื ืื\"ื ืืื ืืื ืืฉื ืืฉืื ืคืจืกืืื ื ืืกื ืืื ืื ืื' ืืื ืืงืืืขื:"
|
609 |
+
],
|
610 |
+
[
|
611 |
+
"ืืกืืืืืช ื\"ื ืืืืื ืืฉืื ื ื\"ื ืคืขื ืืื ืืื ื\"ืค:"
|
612 |
+
],
|
613 |
+
[
|
614 |
+
"ืืจ\"ื ืืื\"ื ืืชืคืืืื ืืขืืื ืืื ืืืจืืขื. ืื ืืื ืืืจืื ืงืื ืืืชืจ ืืืชืคืืช ืื ืืฉื ื (ืขืืื ืฉ\"ืข ืฉืื ืกื' ืชืงืค\"ื ืก\"ืง ื\"ื ืืก\"ืง ื\"ื) ืื ืืจืฉืขื ืืื ืืขืฉื ืืืฃ:"
|
615 |
+
],
|
616 |
+
[
|
617 |
+
"ืืืืจืช ืืฉ\"ืฅ ืืื ืืืืจืื ืืฆืืืจ ืืืชืื ืืกืคืจ ื\"ื ืืฉ\"ืฅ ืืืื:"
|
618 |
+
],
|
619 |
+
[
|
620 |
+
"ืืคืืื ืืจ\"ื ืืื\"ื ืืืืจืื ืืชืื ืืชืคืื ืจืง ืืงืืืฉื ืืื ืืคืกืืงืื ืืคืืืืื ืืืืืจืื ืืคืืื ืืื ืืงืืืฉื ืงืืื ืืืืจ ืืืืจ ืื':"
|
621 |
+
],
|
622 |
+
[
|
623 |
+
"ื\"ื ืฉืื ืืืืืจ ืงืืื ืชืงืืขืช ืฉืืคืจ ืืื ืืืื ืจืฆืื ืื ืืคืก ืืืืืืจืื ืืื ืืืื ืื\"ืจ ืืื ืื ืกืืจ ืืกืืจ. ืืื ื\"ื ื\"ื ืืืืช ืืืืฆืืช ืก\"ืช:"
|
624 |
+
],
|
625 |
+
[
|
626 |
+
"ืืจ\"ื ืืื ืืืจืืืื ืืชืคืื ืืืชืจ ืืืื ืฉืืื ืืืชืขื ืืช ืื ืขื ืืฆืืช ืืื ืฉืืจื ื\"ื ืืื ื ืืฉื ืขื ืืฆืืช ืืชืคืืืื ืื ืื ืงืืื ืกืขืืื ืื\"ื ืืืื ื ืืืื ื. ืืืื ืืืืืช ืืจ\"ื ืืืืืืจ ืืขืืจื ืื ืชืืื ืืื'ื ืืืงืคืื ืืคืขืืื ืื ืื ืืงืืืฉ ืฉืืืจ ืืืกืฃ ืืืืื ืื\"ื:"
|
627 |
+
],
|
628 |
+
[
|
629 |
+
"ืฉืืจ ืฉื ืืื ืืจ\"ื ื' ืืืื ืค\"ื ืืจื ืื ื. ืืืืืจืื ืืืชื ืืืงืจ ืืืจ ืฉืืจ ืืืืื:"
|
630 |
+
],
|
631 |
+
[
|
632 |
+
"ืื ืืื ืืืื ืื ืืจ ืื ืืืืจ ืืืืจ ืชืฉืืื:"
|
633 |
+
],
|
634 |
+
[
|
635 |
+
"ืืืื ืฉื ื ืืืจื ืืื ืืฃ ืืื ืคืจื ืืืฉ. ืืคืขื ืืื ืืืื ืจืืฉืื ืืคื ืืช ืขืจื ืืืืื ืื ืืืจืื ืคืจื ืืืฉ ืืืจื ืขืืื ืฉืืืื ื ืืขืจื ืืืื ืชืืืฃ ืืฉืจืื ืืืชื ืืืจื ืขืืื ืืื ืืื ืืื ืืืจื ืฉืืืื ื ืืฉืขืช ืืจืืื. ืืืื ืืืืื ืขื ืืื ืืจ\"ื ืืืืขื ืข\"ืค ืืกืื:"
|
636 |
+
],
|
637 |
+
[
|
638 |
+
"ืืื ืืืจืืื ืขื ืืืืงืช ืื ืจ ืืขืื\"ื (ืขืืื ืฉ\"ืข ืฉืื ืกื' ืชืจ\"ื ืก\"ืง ื'):"
|
639 |
+
],
|
640 |
+
[
|
641 |
+
"ื\"ื ืืืืืืง ื ืจืืช ืืื\"ื ืข\"ื ื\"ื ืืื ืืขืืืืื ืืืืคืื ืืืืื ืืื ืืืื ืฉืืืืืง ืขื ืืืฆืื ืื\"ื ืืืืื ืฉืื ืืืืจ ืฉืื ืคืืื ืืืืืจ ืืคื ื ื ืจ ืฉืืืืืง ืข\"ื ื\"ื:"
|
642 |
+
],
|
643 |
+
[
|
644 |
+
"ืืืืืื ืืฉืื ื ืืขื ืืื ืืืืจืช ืืฉ\"ืฅ ืืืืจ ืืฉ\"ืฅ ืืืื ืืืฆืืืจ ืฉืืืขืื:"
|
645 |
+
],
|
646 |
+
[
|
647 |
+
"ืืืฆืจ ืืฉื\"ื ืืืืืชื ืืงืื ืื' ื\"ื ืืืชื ืืืจ ืงืืืฉื ืืืืฆืจ ื\"ื ืืชืื ืืืจืช ืืฉ\"ืฅ ืืืจ ืฉืืกืืืืื ืืืืฉื ืชืืืืช ืืจืืื ืขืจืืืช ืงืืืฉ ืืืจืื ืฉืืืจ ืืคืืื ืืงื\"ื ืืืืจืื ืืฉื\"ื ืืืืืชื ืืงืื ืืื' ืขื ืืืืจื:"
|
648 |
+
],
|
649 |
+
[
|
650 |
+
"ืืืืจ ืืื ืืื ืืืชืคืื ืชืคืืช ื ืขืืื ืืืื ื ืืฉืืืื ืืจืืฉ ืืืื ืืช:"
|
651 |
+
],
|
652 |
+
[
|
653 |
+
"ืืืืงืจ ืืืจ ืฉืืจ ืืืืื ืืืืจืื ืฉืืจ ืฉื ืืื ืืืืืจ ื\"ื ืืฉืจื ื ืฉืื ืคืฉืข:"
|
654 |
+
],
|
655 |
+
[
|
656 |
+
"ืืืื ืืจืืฉืื ืฉื ืกืืืืช ืืืื ืืืืื ืืกืืื ืืื ืืืื ืจืืฉืื ื ืฉื ืคืกื. ืื \"ื ืื ืืืจืืื ืืฉืืื ืฆืจืื ืืืืชืื ืืกืขืืืชื ืขื ืฉืขืช ืืืืฉืจ ืืืืื ืืกืืื ืืืกืืจ ืืืฉื ืื ืืืืื ืฉืื ืืืื ืขืช ืจืืืื ืืืืืื ืืื ืื ืคืกืงื ืืืฉืืื ืืืื ืืืืชื ืืื ืืกืืื ืื ืืืื ืืคื' ืืืืื ืจืืฉืื ื ืืขืช ืฉืืืฉืืื ืืืจืืื ืืื ืืื ืฉื ืกืืื ืขืืื. (ืขืืื ืืฉ\"ืข ืฉืื ืกื' ืชืจื\"ื ืก\"ืง ื\"ื):"
|
657 |
+
],
|
658 |
+
[
|
659 |
+
"ืืจืืช ืกืืื ืืืจื ืืื ืคืขื ืฉื ืื ืก ืืคืืื ืืื ืคืขืืื ืืืื:"
|
660 |
+
],
|
661 |
+
[
|
662 |
+
"ืื ืืืื ืฉื ื ืืืจืืื ืืืฉื ืืกืืื ืงืืื ืืื:"
|
663 |
+
],
|
664 |
+
[
|
665 |
+
"ืื ืื ืืื ืืกืืื ืืืืื ืจืืฉืื ื ืืืืจื ืืื ืืฉืขืช ืงืืืฉ ืืืฅ ืืกืืื ืืฉืืืื ืืกืืื ืฆืจืื ืืืืืจ ืืืืจื ืืื:"
|
666 |
+
],
|
667 |
+
[
|
668 |
+
"ืฉืืืื ืื ืจืฉืื ืืืฉื ืืืืื ืืกืืื ืืืฉืื ืฉืืืจ ืืฆืื ืื ืืืข ืืืจ ืจืข:"
|
669 |
+
],
|
670 |
+
[
|
671 |
+
"ืืืฉืืื ืืกืืื ืืฉืืื ื ืขืฆืจืช ืืื ืืฉื ืื ืืกืืื ืืืืฉืืื ืื ืืืื ืขื ืืื ืฉ\"ืช ืืืืืืจ ืืื ืืฉืื ื ืืืฉืืืช ืกืืื ืืฃ ืฉื ืืื ืฉืืื ื ืื ืืืืจืื ื\"ืก ืืืื ื ืฉื ืชืืจื:"
|
672 |
+
],
|
673 |
+
[
|
674 |
+
"ืืงื ืืช ืืชืจืื ืืขืฆืื ืืื ืืกืืื ืขื ืฉื ืืงืื. ืืืืงืืง ืืืื ืฉืืืื ืื' ืืื ืื ืืฉืจืื ืขื ืคื ืืืื:"
|
675 |
+
],
|
676 |
+
[
|
677 |
+
"ืื ืืืคืื ืืืชืจืื ืงืืื ืืจืื ืจืง ืืืืื ืฉืื ืืฆืืช ืขื ืืืจ ืืืจืื:"
|
678 |
+
],
|
679 |
+
[
|
680 |
+
"ืคืืื ืื ืืืชื ืื ืืช ืกืืื ืฉ\"ืฅ ืืงืื ืคืกืืง ืืคืกืืง ืื ืขืืื ืืืืจื. ืืืฉืขื ืืช ืืชืืืืื ืืืงืืฃ ืืืืช ืจืืฉืื ืืืืชืืืช ื\"ื ืืืกืืืืื ืืืงืคื ืืืืช ืช' ืืืฉ\"ืฅ ืืืฆืืืจ ืืืืจืื ืืืช ืืืืช ืืงืืื ืื ืืืช ืืืืจืื ืืืฉืขื ื ืืืื ื ืืฉ\"ืฅ ืืืืจ ืืืฉืขื ื ืืื ืฉืชืื ืืืฆืืืจ ืขืื ืื ืื ืืืจืื ืืื ืืื ืืืช ืขื ืฉืืกืืืืื ืืืงืคื:"
|
681 |
+
],
|
682 |
+
[
|
683 |
+
"ืืฉืืช ืืื\"ื ืืฃ ืฉื ืกืืืืช ืืืชื ืืืคืืืจ ืืงืืฉ ืืฉืืช ืืื ืืืื ื ืืืืืจ ืฉื ืื:"
|
684 |
+
],
|
685 |
+
[
|
686 |
+
"ืืืืฉืขื ื ืจืื ืื ืื ืื ืขื ืืื ืื ืคืกืืง ืืคื ื ืขืฆืื. ืืคืืื ืงืื ืืืฉืจ ืืืืืจ ืคืกืืง ืืคืกืืง ืืืชืื ืืื ืขืืื:"
|
687 |
+
],
|
688 |
+
[
|
689 |
+
"ืืฉืืื ื ืขืฆืจืช ืื ืืกื ืืชืคืื ืืงืืืฉ ืืื ืฉืืื ื ืื ืืขืฆืจืช ืืื:"
|
690 |
+
],
|
691 |
+
[
|
692 |
+
"ืืฉื\"ืข ืืฉ\"ืช ืืืืจืื ืืื ืคืกืืง ืืคืกืืง ืื ืขืืื. ืืคืกืืง ืืคืคืื ื ืืืืจืื ืืืื ืขื ืคืกืืง ืืืฉื ื' ืืคื ื ืฉืคืกืืง ืืคืคืื ื ืืกืืื ืฆืจื ืืืืื ืืืฆื ืืืื ืืกืืื ืืืืจ ืจืข:"
|
693 |
+
],
|
694 |
+
[
|
695 |
+
"ืืืื ืฉ\"ืช ืงืืจืื ืืืจืืืช ืฉืืชืืจื ืืื ืืื ืขืฆืื ืขืืื ืืชืืจื ืืืคืขืืื ืงืจื ืืืื ื ืืฃ ืฉืืื ืืื ืืืืช:"
|
696 |
+
],
|
697 |
+
[
|
698 |
+
"ืืฉ\"ืช ืืฉืืจืืช ืงืืจืืื ื' ืงืจืืืื ืืืื ื ื' ืืืืืช ืืืจืื ืืชื ืชืืจื ืืจืืืขื ืืืชื ืืจืืฉืืช ืืืืืฉื ืืืคืืืจ. ืืื ืืื ืืขื ืจื ืฉืฆืจืืืื ืืขืืืช ืืืจื ืืงืจืื ืืคื ื ืฆืืืจ ืืืจ ืืื ืื ืืขืืื:"
|
699 |
+
],
|
700 |
+
[
|
701 |
+
"ืืคื ื ืฉืืืจืืืื ืืื ืืืื ืฉื ืฉ\"ืช ืคืกืืง ืืคืกืืง ืืจื ื ืืงืื ืืืจื ืข\"ื ื\"ื ืืคืืื ืฉื ืฉ\"ืช ื\"ื ืฉืืฉื ืืฉืืื ืืืืื ืืืฉืื ืืจืฉืืืืช ืืืชื ืชืืจื ืืื\"ื:"
|
702 |
+
],
|
703 |
+
[
|
704 |
+
"ืืืืื ื\"ื ืืื ืฉืื ืืื ืืื ืืกืืืืช ืืืืืชืจ ืืฉืืื ื ืขืฆืจืช ืื ืืื ืืืชืจ ืืื ืฉืืื ืืื ืืื ืืื ืข\"ืค ืืกืื ืืืืืจืื ืคืืืืื ืืจื ื ืืงืื ืืืจื ืืืืจืช ืืืืืื ื ืืืืชืื ืชืชืืจื ืืชืฉืชืื ืฉืืืขืืืืช ืืืจ ืื ื ืืืืื ืืืืืฆื ืืื ืืคืืืืื. ืืฉืืืื ืฉืืื ืืืืื. ืืืฉ\"ืช ืืื ืืงืืคืื ืืืืื ืขื ืืก\"ืช ืฉืืขื ืคืขืืื ืืื ืคืืืชืื ืืื ืืื ืืืกืืคืื ืขืืืื. ืืื ืื ืื ืืชืฉืืืืช ืื \"ื ืืื ืืืจืื ืฉืื ืฉืืฉืขืจื ืฆืืื ืฉืืืืจ ืืืจ\"ื ื\"ื ืืืื ื\"ื ืืื ืืืื ืืคื ื ืืก\"ืช ืฉืื ืืื ืืจืื ืขืื ืืืืื ืืืืืช ืืื ืชืืืจ ืคื ืื ืืืคืื ืืฉ ืืืขืจืช ืืืกืคืง ืืฃ ืื ืืฃ ืืืคืื ืืืืจืืจ ืืื ืขื ืืคื ื ืืก\"ืช ืืืืจ ืกืืื ืืืฉืืจืจืื ืืืจืื ืืืจ ืืื ืืืจืืื ืืืฉืืืืืจ ืืก\"ืช ืืื\"ืง ืฉืื ืื ืืื ืฉืื ื\"ื ืจืง ืืื ืฉืืจ ืื\"ื:"
|
705 |
+
],
|
706 |
+
[
|
707 |
+
"ืฉืืจ ืฉื ืืื ืืกืืืืช. ื' ืข\"ื. ื ืืืข ืืืืืื: ื' ื\"ื. ืืืื ืชืขืจืื: ื' ืืืื\"ื ื\"ื. ืืื ืื' ืื ื ืืืื. ื' ื ืื. ืืืจืฉืข ืืืจ ืืืืื. ื' ืฆ\"ื. ืื ืืงืื ืื. ื' ืค\"ื. ืืกืืจืืชื ืืกืื. ื' ืค\"ื. ืืืืื. ืืื ืื ืฉืืช ืื' ืืืื ืืื\"ื ืืืืื ืืืื. ืืฉื\"ืข ื\"ื. ืืืฉืืขื ื'. ืืฉ\"ืช ื'. ื' ืืืื ืื ื ืื ืืืืจ ืฉืื:"
|
708 |
+
],
|
709 |
+
[
|
710 |
+
"ืืื ืืืืงืช ื ืจ ืื ืืื ืืฉืชืฉืงืข ืืืื ืงืืื ืฆื\"ื ืข\"ื ืืืืืงืื ืงืืื ืชืคืืช ืืขืจืื (ืข' ืฉ\"ืข ืฉืื ืกื' ืชืจืข\"ื ืก\"ืง ื'):"
|
711 |
+
],
|
712 |
+
[
|
713 |
+
"ืืฆื ืฉืขื ืืืจ ืืื ืืืืช ืจืื ืื ืืฉืืง ืืืืืง ืืื ืืจืื:"
|
714 |
+
],
|
715 |
+
[
|
716 |
+
"ืืืืฆืื ืฉืืช ืื ืืื ืืืืจืืื ืืื ืืืชืคืื ืืขืจืื ืืืืงืื ืืืคืฉืจื ืืื ืฉืื ืืขืืืจ ืืื ืืืืงื ืืืคืกืื ืืืจืื. ืืฉืืขื ื ืฉืคืขื ืืื ืืืืจ ื' ืืืืชืคืืืื ืืฆืื ืชืคืืช ืืขืจืื ืื\"ืฉ ืืฆืื ืฉืืืืืง ืืงืืื ื \"ื ืืื\"ื ืืชืคืื (ืขืืื ืฉ\"ืข ืกื' ืจืฆ\"ื ืกืขื' ื' ืืื ืฆืจืื ืืขืฉืืช ืืืืื ืงืืื ืฉืืืืื ืืชืคืื ืืืืจ ืืืืืื ืื') ืื\"ื ืืืชื ืื ืงืืื ืืืืื ืืื ืืืงืืื ืืืืงืช ื \"ื ืืืื ื:"
|
717 |
+
],
|
718 |
+
[
|
719 |
+
"ื ืจ ืื ืืื ืงืืื ืืืืืงื ืื ืจ ืฉืืช. ืื ืงืืื ืืืืืื:"
|
720 |
+
],
|
721 |
+
[
|
722 |
+
"ื ืืกื ืืืจืื ืืืืืืง ื ืจ ืื ืืื:"
|
723 |
+
],
|
724 |
+
[
|
725 |
+
"ืืืจื ืืื ืืื ืขื ืืขืืงืจ ืฉืืื ืืืคื ืืกืืื ืืคืชื ืืื ืขื ืื ืืกืฃ (ืขืืื ืฉ\"ืข ืฉืื ืกื' ืชืจืข\"ื ืก\"ืง ื'):"
|
726 |
+
],
|
727 |
+
[
|
728 |
+
"ืฉืืจ ืฉื ืืื ืืฉืื ืช ืืื ืื ืืื ืงืืคืืื ื' ืืืืืจ ืฉืืจ ืื ืืืช:"
|
729 |
+
],
|
730 |
+
[
|
731 |
+
"ืืืฆืืช ืืฉืงื ืืื ืฆืจืื ืืืชื ื\"ื ืืืืข ืืื ืฉื ืงืจื ืืฆื ืืื ืืืื ืฆืจืื ื' ืืฆืืื:"
|
732 |
+
],
|
733 |
+
[
|
734 |
+
"ืืืืช ืืกืชืจ ืืื ืืขืฉืืช ืขืฉืจืช ืื ื ืืื ืืขืืื ืืค\"ืข ืืืืืชืืืช ืืืืืืช ืจืง ืืืชืืืช ืงืื ืืช ืืื ืืืชืืืช ืืืืื ืืืจืื ืข\"ื ืืจืื ืืฉืืจืช ืืืืื ื ืืืืชืืื ืืืืฆืข ืขืืื ืืืฉ ืืจืืฉ ืฉืืื ืืืช ืืกืืฃ ืฉืืื ืืขืฉืจืช ืืกืืฃ ืืฉืืื ืืืกืืฃ ืืขืืื. (ืขืืื ืฉ\"ืข ืฉืื ืกื' ืชืจืฆ\"ื ืก\"ืง ื\"ื):"
|
735 |
+
],
|
736 |
+
[
|
737 |
+
"ืืืืื ื' ืคืกืืง ื\"ื ืืฉืจ ื ืชื ืืืื ืืืืืืื ืื' ืืืฉืืื ืืืจื ืืืืื ืื' ืืืจื ืืื ื' ืืขืืื ืืื ืืช ืฉื:"
|
738 |
+
],
|
739 |
+
[
|
740 |
+
"ืืงืจืืืช ืืืืื ืฉื ืืื ืืื ืืืจืืื ืฉืืืื ื:"
|
741 |
+
],
|
742 |
+
[
|
743 |
+
"ื ืฉืื ืืืืืืช ืืงืจืืืช ืืืื ืืืืจืืื ืืื ืืื ืืื ืฉืื:"
|
744 |
+
],
|
745 |
+
[
|
746 |
+
"ืืื ืืืืจืื ืืื ืคืืื ืฉื ืคืืจืื:"
|
747 |
+
],
|
748 |
+
[
|
749 |
+
"ืกืขืืืช ืคืืจืื ืขืืงืจื ืืืื ืขื ืื ืื ืืื ืืืืื ืืฆืืช ืืกืขืืืช ืฉืืจืืช. ืืืื ื\"ื ืขืฉื ืกืขืืืชื ืืืฉืชื ืืฉืืืช ืืืื ืืืื ืืืฉืืืฉืื ืืชืคืื ืืขืจืื ืืืืจ ืืืืืื:"
|
750 |
+
],
|
751 |
+
[
|
752 |
+
"ืืฉืืื ืื ืืช ืชืจื ืืืืช ืืืืฉืืช ืืืืื ืืืืฉืืื ืืืืืฆื ืืื ืืืจ ืืืืื ืืืืื ืชืืืฃ:"
|
753 |
+
],
|
754 |
+
[
|
755 |
+
"ืฉืืจ ืฉื ืืื ืืคืืจืื ืขื ืืืืช ืืฉืืจ ื\"ื:"
|
756 |
+
]
|
757 |
+
],
|
758 |
+
"versions": [
|
759 |
+
[
|
760 |
+
"Wikisource",
|
761 |
+
"http://he.wikisource.org/wiki/%D7%9E%D7%A2%D7%A9%D7%94_%D7%A8%D7%91_%D7%94%D7%9C%D7%9B%D7%95%D7%AA_%D7%91%D7%A8%D7%9B%D7%95%D7%AA_%D7%94%D7%A9%D7%97%D7%A8"
|
762 |
+
]
|
763 |
+
],
|
764 |
+
"heTitle": "ืืขืฉื ืจื",
|
765 |
+
"categories": [
|
766 |
+
"Halakhah",
|
767 |
+
"Acharonim"
|
768 |
+
],
|
769 |
+
"sectionNames": [
|
770 |
+
"Siman",
|
771 |
+
"Paragraph"
|
772 |
+
]
|
773 |
+
}
|
json/Halakhah/Acharonim/Nehar Misrayim/English/Sefaria Community Translation.json
ADDED
@@ -0,0 +1,271 @@
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|
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|
|
|
|
|
1 |
+
{
|
2 |
+
"language": "en",
|
3 |
+
"title": "Nehar Misrayim",
|
4 |
+
"versionSource": "https://www.sefaria.org",
|
5 |
+
"versionTitle": "Sefaria Community Translation",
|
6 |
+
"license": "CC0",
|
7 |
+
"versionTitleInHebrew": "ืชืจืืื ืงืืืืช ืกืคืจืื",
|
8 |
+
"actualLanguage": "en",
|
9 |
+
"languageFamilyName": "english",
|
10 |
+
"isBaseText": false,
|
11 |
+
"isSource": false,
|
12 |
+
"direction": "ltr",
|
13 |
+
"heTitle": "ื ืืจ ืืฆืจืื",
|
14 |
+
"categories": [
|
15 |
+
"Halakhah",
|
16 |
+
"Acharonim"
|
17 |
+
],
|
18 |
+
"text": [
|
19 |
+
[
|
20 |
+
"(1) In Egypt the custom is that when the groom and bride wrap themselves [with a แนญallith], at the time they enter the แธฅuppah (i.e. wedding canopy), the groom does not bless on this wrapping [of the แนญallith]. However, when one is a sandak (i.e. the individual that holds the child during the circumcision ceremony), the sandak wraps himself [in the แนญallit] and makes a blessing [before doing so]. And this is the opinion of the Ginat Veradim Orach Chaim Klal 1 Siman 25. (Minhagey Misraim HaRishon). Indeed, the opinion of the Ginat Veradim is a singular opinion, and all the authorities differed with him.[See] the Rabbi [who wrote] Shiyurei Kenesset Ha'Gedolah, chapter 8, Hagahot Beit Yosef number 5. [And see] the Rabbi [who wrote] Hilchot Ketanot volume 1 chapter 22. [As well as] the Rabbi [who wrote] Sha'ar Ephraim, Orach Chaim section, chapter 19. [Along with] the Rabbi [Refael Meyuhas who wrote] P'ri Adamah, of blessed memory. And he presents in his fruits (i.e. his book) a number of cases where great rabbis in the land of Israel blessed [on the แนญallith] without any protest [from other rabbis]. And our mighty genius Rabbi แธคida (Chaim Joseph David Azulai) and Rabbi Kisei Eliyahu, of blessed memory. All of them are masters [worthy of] attention and blessing. Moreover, in what differs the commandment of the sandak who wraps himself in a talit and pronounces the blessing from the commandment of [the groom at] a wedding who does not pronounce the blessing? Thus wondered [the authors of] Yad Aharon [Aharon Alfandari] and Pri ha-Adama [Refael Meyuhas]. And now I have recently seen some wise and G-d fearing individuals of our community here in Egypt may God protect her [Egypt] who have done something good and beautiful and clear of all controversy and this is that the Bridegroom is offered a new แนญallith which he will not wear except in the time of the seven blessings (of the wedding). And before the wedding the new แนญallith is brought to him and he blesses sheheแธฅiyanu while wrapping and standing in it while walking four cubits; and afterward it is also draped over the bride's head. And this is the way in which I have instructed them. And as I wrote in Nehar Piqod which I composed about the customs of the community of Jerusalem. This nice custom brings about two benefits. The first is that he blesses sheheแธฅiyanu over the แนญallith and exempts the blessing of sheheแธฅiyanu which befits to also be under the แธฅuppah which is the first commandment of be fruitful and multiply. However one is not supposed to bless upon it according to the reasons mentioned in the words of the posqim. And since he blesses over the แนญallith and intends it for the commandment of the แธฅuppah and marriage, he has done his duty in them as well. And the second benefit is that he wraps himself and stands in it in a space of four cubits. This is known to the whole world, even the Ginat Veradim acknowledges this and would bless it properly. A wise man should listen and increase his wisdom to hold on to the coattails of this nice custom. And he will shake off all doubts. Because this is the upright way. And look up in Har Peqod in Beth'Hei แนขithแนฃith which deals with this matter in length and you will find much satisfaction.",
|
21 |
+
"...(2) It is a widespread custom in Egypt, that one wraps himself in a แนญallith gedolah (the แนญallith worn in synagogue) even among common people, even young men who have not wedded a woman. Unlike the custom in Ashkenazic Jewry where the custom is that when one has not wedded a woman he does not wrap himself in a แนญallith gedolah, even if he is a Torah scholar (talmid แธฅakham). And unlike the custom in the west where common people wrap themselves in a แนญallith gedolah only if they are Torah scholars who are officiating with the Torah [scroll]. And there is no haughtiness/arrogance in Egypt for wearing it (a แนญallith gedolah).",
|
22 |
+
"...(3) In the matter of the windings of the แนฃiแนฃith. Our teacher, Rabbi Ya'akov Castro of blessed memory, wrote that the custom in Egypt is to wind 26 windings with four spaces, corresponding to the numerical value of the Tetragrammaton (see Sect. 11 in his book). And Rabbi Kisei Eliyahu wrote that he saw that the custom was to wind 39 windings with four spaces like the number of the 39 lights, they can be seen there. And we did not know what was new about what our Rabbi [had seen]; for isn't it written in section 39 by Maran [Yosef Caro] in [Shulhan Arukh] section 11 article 14. And it would seem that there is a mistake in the words of Maran, as the symbolic 39 windings separated by 4 spaces are arranged like this: in the first space there are 7 windings, in the second 8 windings, in the third 11 windings and in the fourth 13 windings, as the symbolism is [derived from the initials of the sentence] \"Zeman Hayenu Yaarikh Yiggadel\" (may the time of our life be long and great), adding up to 39. And it is the same in the kavvanot (meditations) of the Arizal, as it is written in the Beer Hetev. And according to the order of our Rabbi [Yosef Caro] 7, 9, 11, 13 with the name of the Eternal [being eแธฅad, 1] that would bring it to 41 and not 40. And our custom [in Egypt] is to make the แนญallith gedolah with 39 windings and the แนญallith qatan (the small แนญallith, a แนญallith worn under the clothes) with 26 windings so that a God-fearing person can satisfy both views, and this is what Rabbi Kisei Eliyahu wrote. And in Egypt this is the custom of many of those that fear God and contemplate His name, so as to satisfy the opinion of our Rabbi the Arizal with the แนญallith gedolah, and the opinion of Rabbi Ya'akov Castro, Rabbi Solomon Luria and Rabbi Shelomo Molkho (?) of blessed memory, with the แนญallith qatan. Let the wise man hear and add to his learning.",
|
23 |
+
"...(4) In Egypt the vast majority of the common people drape all four แนฃiแนฃioth to their front and the tallit is folded round their neck. And it is appropriate to inform them that at least at the time of wrapping one should say the blessing and wrap one's head and most of one's body in it and stand up [for as long as it would take to walk] four cubits and afterwards drape it over one's shoulder. But if from the beginning of the blessing he lays it folded on his shoulder, then it is a blessing said in vain as there is no \"wrapping\" and also the commandment of แนฃiแนฃith has not been performed. And the common people are satisfied with kissing the แนฃithแนฃith twice or three times and with that they think they make up to the แนฃithแนฃith for not having treated it properly. They should be reproached and made to repent of their error to prevent them from falling into the prohibited act of saying a blessing in vain.",
|
24 |
+
"...(5) In Egypt, where all the launderers are Gentile women, one would do well to be careful that she should not launder the แนญallith qatan, as warned by R. Ya'akov Castro in article 21. And generally the tallit qatan is spoiled in this way because the laundry women boil them with white bedding and the threads of the แนฃithแนฃith, which are woollen, shrink and generally break under their hand, because the gentile laundry women did not know what they were. And happy is he who manages his ways well."
|
25 |
+
],
|
26 |
+
[
|
27 |
+
"...1",
|
28 |
+
"The widespread custom in the land of Egypt is to wind the strap seven windings around the arm before placing the head tephillin, according to the opinion of the Radbaz in volume 1 article 623.",
|
29 |
+
"And it is thus in the writings of the Arizal, and in accordance with the custom of the land of Israel.",
|
30 |
+
"...See the book Birke Yosef (by Hayyim Joseph David Azulai) article 25 point yod (ten).",
|
31 |
+
"...And [it] has not become widespread [to follow] the practice according to the opinion of Maran (R. Yosef Karo), in article 25 section 11, to put on and tie the arm tefillin, ",
|
32 |
+
"...And, before the tying [on the arm tefillin] to put on the head tefillin, ",
|
33 |
+
"...as people are not accustomed to do this.",
|
34 |
+
"...2...",
|
35 |
+
"In Egypt the custom is widespread, that they do not take off the tefillin on Rosh Hodesh, neither the congregation nor the cantor, until the Torah has been returned to the ark.",
|
36 |
+
"...And until after the end of the Kaddish, as written by our prince and commander Rabbi [Eliyahu Hazan the author of] Kisse Eliyahu of blessed memory in the Laws of Tefillin Section 25 point 7.",
|
37 |
+
"...And it is appropriate for the cantor who [wishes to] bring merit to the public that he should not rush to start the silent prayer until he sees with his own eyes that most of the community have taken off their tefillin.",
|
38 |
+
"...So that he can start the repetition [of the Amidah] after that",
|
39 |
+
"...So that their answers can reach the Holy Crown [of] his people.",
|
40 |
+
"...So that much good is not lost to them.",
|
41 |
+
"...And he will be responsible for any harm to them [caused by their missing part of the prayers], God forbid. ...3",
|
42 |
+
"",
|
43 |
+
"...In Egypt the custom was to wear tefillin during afternoon prayers on the eve of the Yom Kippur (the Day of Atonement) in the synagogue. And I asked for the reason.",
|
44 |
+
"...And they said the reason is that many people will not come to synagogue to pray except on the Days of Awe....",
|
45 |
+
"...And they put on tallith and tefillin so that on the day of judgement they will not be counted as the sort [of people] who do not put tefillin on their head.",
|
46 |
+
"...Despite the fact that by putting on tefillin one day a year one does not escape from (this category of sinners who bear) the guilt of failing to put [them] on.",
|
47 |
+
"...Indeed, it is good to choose the lesser evil, and the Good Lord will forgive.",
|
48 |
+
"...And again I saw another time that Rabbi Ahai Gaon the Great Rabbi our respected teacher Rabbi Eliyahu Hazzan may his Rock keep him and grant him life, head of the yeshivah in the city and mother in Israel No Amon (Alexandria), may God preserve it, in his book Neveh Shalom (oasis of peace), which he wrote about the customs of Alexandria in the laws of the Day of Atonement (Yom Kippur) subsection 4, mentions this custom [as] being practiced also in the lesser sanctuary (i.e. the synagogue) for the reason stated. Mark this.",
|
49 |
+
"...4",
|
50 |
+
"...In Egypt the custom of certain [people] from the community [is to] wear tefillin during afternoon prayers on Public Fast days for the Four Fasts.",
|
51 |
+
"...And I have not found any reason for this.",
|
52 |
+
"...And their habit was derived from the afternoon prayers of the 9th of Av, that they do not put on tefillin in the morning prayer and put them on in the afternoon prayer, and they thought that this was the law for every fast day, as if the fast were the cause of this.",
|
53 |
+
"...Nevertheless we should not prevent them, as their custom is a useful one given ... the sin of making light of congregational fasts except for Tish'ah beAv and Yom Kippur.",
|
54 |
+
"...And as for the other fasts they neglect them and maybe there will not be as many as ten people fasting in the synagogue, as Maran ruled (article 566) that [in the absence of a minyan] the cantor may not say \"Anenu\" as a separate blessing between \"Goel\" and \"Rofe\".",
|
55 |
+
"...And even though our mighty genius [R. Hayim Yosef David Azulai], in Birke Yosef article 566 first paragraph, wrote in the name of R. Moses ben Habib in his responsa that in the four fasts, which are a matter of tradition [rabbinic as opposed to Biblical law], it is fine to have six or seven people fasting, and he may say \"Anenu\" as a separate blessing and bring out the Sefer Torah to read and begin, even though there are not ten people fasting: see the passage,",
|
56 |
+
"...still, even though we only need six or seven people, how are we to know ... to ask each one of them",
|
57 |
+
"...to know if he is fasting or not.",
|
58 |
+
"...And perhaps by putting on the tallet and tefillin the matter will be known.",
|
59 |
+
"...Because a person does not put on tallet and tefillin on this day unless he is fasting.",
|
60 |
+
"... we can know whether there are several people fasting in the synagogue",
|
61 |
+
"...For also this remedy will not be of use except in the afternoon prayer, but in the morning prayer not.",
|
62 |
+
"",
|
63 |
+
"",
|
64 |
+
"...So as to say \"Anenu\" as a separate blessing and to read [from the Torah]",
|
65 |
+
"...And it was perhaps for this reason that the custom was fixed, and \"the custom of Israel is Torah\".",
|
66 |
+
"...And this proves that one should not disturb any custom without a comprehensive investigation of its basis.",
|
67 |
+
"...5",
|
68 |
+
"...On the first day of mourning it is forbidden to wear tefillin. If one died on one day and was buried [the next day], the widespread practice is not to wear tefillin even on the day of burial.",
|
69 |
+
"...As taught by the great author of Mahaziq Berachah (R. Hayyim Yosef David Azulai) in Sect. 131."
|
70 |
+
],
|
71 |
+
[],
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|
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|
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|
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|
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[],
|
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|
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[],
|
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[],
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[],
|
254 |
+
[
|
255 |
+
"...1",
|
256 |
+
"...The custom is fixed in all of the kingdom of Egypt in its entirety.",
|
257 |
+
"Behold, in the city and mother in Israel of Egypt (i.e. Cairo) and the city and mother in Israel No Amon (Alexandria), may God preserve it, that there is not an authority for anyone to celebrate [a marriage by] huppah and qiddushin except for the rabbi who is in the city.",
|
258 |
+
"And the Rabbi who celebrates [a wedding by] huppah and qiddushin in person or by a person empowered by him in accordance with his authority and instructions.",
|
259 |
+
"And apart from the two rabbis of the communities mentioned where there is an established Bet Din to judge and decide, no man should raise his hand to celebrate [a wedding by] huppah and qiddushin at all.",
|
260 |
+
"...And similarly the inhabitants of the villages within their jurisdiction.",
|
261 |
+
"And the rabbi and head of the Bet Din who gives authority to celebrate [a wedding by] huppah and qiddushin to any of the inhabitants of that city or that village, after they have taken from the Bet Din the ketubbah documents drafted in accordance with the custom of the city and the statute enacted by the government in Constantinople...",
|
262 |
+
"",
|
263 |
+
"And thus I have written in the Laws of Ketubbot, paragraph 1; and even more so at the present day, after it was established throughout the kingdom of Egypt",
|
264 |
+
"And if so, anyone who presumes to celebrate a [wedding by] huppah and qiddushin without their knowledge, that qiddushin is not a valid qiddushin; they are also liable to punishment by the community, and the government will not hold them guiltless"
|
265 |
+
]
|
266 |
+
],
|
267 |
+
"sectionNames": [
|
268 |
+
"Chapter",
|
269 |
+
"Halakhah"
|
270 |
+
]
|
271 |
+
}
|
json/Halakhah/Acharonim/Nehar Misrayim/English/merged.json
ADDED
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1 |
+
{
|
2 |
+
"title": "Nehar Misrayim",
|
3 |
+
"language": "en",
|
4 |
+
"versionTitle": "merged",
|
5 |
+
"versionSource": "https://www.sefaria.org/Nehar_Misrayim",
|
6 |
+
"text": [
|
7 |
+
[
|
8 |
+
"(1) In Egypt the custom is that when the groom and bride wrap themselves [with a แนญallith], at the time they enter the แธฅuppah (i.e. wedding canopy), the groom does not bless on this wrapping [of the แนญallith]. However, when one is a sandak (i.e. the individual that holds the child during the circumcision ceremony), the sandak wraps himself [in the แนญallit] and makes a blessing [before doing so]. And this is the opinion of the Ginat Veradim Orach Chaim Klal 1 Siman 25. (Minhagey Misraim HaRishon). Indeed, the opinion of the Ginat Veradim is a singular opinion, and all the authorities differed with him.[See] the Rabbi [who wrote] Shiyurei Kenesset Ha'Gedolah, chapter 8, Hagahot Beit Yosef number 5. [And see] the Rabbi [who wrote] Hilchot Ketanot volume 1 chapter 22. [As well as] the Rabbi [who wrote] Sha'ar Ephraim, Orach Chaim section, chapter 19. [Along with] the Rabbi [Refael Meyuhas who wrote] P'ri Adamah, of blessed memory. And he presents in his fruits (i.e. his book) a number of cases where great rabbis in the land of Israel blessed [on the แนญallith] without any protest [from other rabbis]. And our mighty genius Rabbi แธคida (Chaim Joseph David Azulai) and Rabbi Kisei Eliyahu, of blessed memory. All of them are masters [worthy of] attention and blessing. Moreover, in what differs the commandment of the sandak who wraps himself in a talit and pronounces the blessing from the commandment of [the groom at] a wedding who does not pronounce the blessing? Thus wondered [the authors of] Yad Aharon [Aharon Alfandari] and Pri ha-Adama [Refael Meyuhas]. And now I have recently seen some wise and G-d fearing individuals of our community here in Egypt may God protect her [Egypt] who have done something good and beautiful and clear of all controversy and this is that the Bridegroom is offered a new แนญallith which he will not wear except in the time of the seven blessings (of the wedding). And before the wedding the new แนญallith is brought to him and he blesses sheheแธฅiyanu while wrapping and standing in it while walking four cubits; and afterward it is also draped over the bride's head. And this is the way in which I have instructed them. And as I wrote in Nehar Piqod which I composed about the customs of the community of Jerusalem. This nice custom brings about two benefits. The first is that he blesses sheheแธฅiyanu over the แนญallith and exempts the blessing of sheheแธฅiyanu which befits to also be under the แธฅuppah which is the first commandment of be fruitful and multiply. However one is not supposed to bless upon it according to the reasons mentioned in the words of the posqim. And since he blesses over the แนญallith and intends it for the commandment of the แธฅuppah and marriage, he has done his duty in them as well. And the second benefit is that he wraps himself and stands in it in a space of four cubits. This is known to the whole world, even the Ginat Veradim acknowledges this and would bless it properly. A wise man should listen and increase his wisdom to hold on to the coattails of this nice custom. And he will shake off all doubts. Because this is the upright way. And look up in Har Peqod in Beth'Hei แนขithแนฃith which deals with this matter in length and you will find much satisfaction.",
|
9 |
+
"...(2) It is a widespread custom in Egypt, that one wraps himself in a แนญallith gedolah (the แนญallith worn in synagogue) even among common people, even young men who have not wedded a woman. Unlike the custom in Ashkenazic Jewry where the custom is that when one has not wedded a woman he does not wrap himself in a แนญallith gedolah, even if he is a Torah scholar (talmid แธฅakham). And unlike the custom in the west where common people wrap themselves in a แนญallith gedolah only if they are Torah scholars who are officiating with the Torah [scroll]. And there is no haughtiness/arrogance in Egypt for wearing it (a แนญallith gedolah).",
|
10 |
+
"...(3) In the matter of the windings of the แนฃiแนฃith. Our teacher, Rabbi Ya'akov Castro of blessed memory, wrote that the custom in Egypt is to wind 26 windings with four spaces, corresponding to the numerical value of the Tetragrammaton (see Sect. 11 in his book). And Rabbi Kisei Eliyahu wrote that he saw that the custom was to wind 39 windings with four spaces like the number of the 39 lights, they can be seen there. And we did not know what was new about what our Rabbi [had seen]; for isn't it written in section 39 by Maran [Yosef Caro] in [Shulhan Arukh] section 11 article 14. And it would seem that there is a mistake in the words of Maran, as the symbolic 39 windings separated by 4 spaces are arranged like this: in the first space there are 7 windings, in the second 8 windings, in the third 11 windings and in the fourth 13 windings, as the symbolism is [derived from the initials of the sentence] \"Zeman Hayenu Yaarikh Yiggadel\" (may the time of our life be long and great), adding up to 39. And it is the same in the kavvanot (meditations) of the Arizal, as it is written in the Beer Hetev. And according to the order of our Rabbi [Yosef Caro] 7, 9, 11, 13 with the name of the Eternal [being eแธฅad, 1] that would bring it to 41 and not 40. And our custom [in Egypt] is to make the แนญallith gedolah with 39 windings and the แนญallith qatan (the small แนญallith, a แนญallith worn under the clothes) with 26 windings so that a God-fearing person can satisfy both views, and this is what Rabbi Kisei Eliyahu wrote. And in Egypt this is the custom of many of those that fear God and contemplate His name, so as to satisfy the opinion of our Rabbi the Arizal with the แนญallith gedolah, and the opinion of Rabbi Ya'akov Castro, Rabbi Solomon Luria and Rabbi Shelomo Molkho (?) of blessed memory, with the แนญallith qatan. Let the wise man hear and add to his learning.",
|
11 |
+
"...(4) In Egypt the vast majority of the common people drape all four แนฃiแนฃioth to their front and the tallit is folded round their neck. And it is appropriate to inform them that at least at the time of wrapping one should say the blessing and wrap one's head and most of one's body in it and stand up [for as long as it would take to walk] four cubits and afterwards drape it over one's shoulder. But if from the beginning of the blessing he lays it folded on his shoulder, then it is a blessing said in vain as there is no \"wrapping\" and also the commandment of แนฃiแนฃith has not been performed. And the common people are satisfied with kissing the แนฃithแนฃith twice or three times and with that they think they make up to the แนฃithแนฃith for not having treated it properly. They should be reproached and made to repent of their error to prevent them from falling into the prohibited act of saying a blessing in vain.",
|
12 |
+
"...(5) In Egypt, where all the launderers are Gentile women, one would do well to be careful that she should not launder the แนญallith qatan, as warned by R. Ya'akov Castro in article 21. And generally the tallit qatan is spoiled in this way because the laundry women boil them with white bedding and the threads of the แนฃithแนฃith, which are woollen, shrink and generally break under their hand, because the gentile laundry women did not know what they were. And happy is he who manages his ways well."
|
13 |
+
],
|
14 |
+
[
|
15 |
+
"...1",
|
16 |
+
"The widespread custom in the land of Egypt is to wind the strap seven windings around the arm before placing the head tephillin, according to the opinion of the Radbaz in volume 1 article 623.",
|
17 |
+
"And it is thus in the writings of the Arizal, and in accordance with the custom of the land of Israel.",
|
18 |
+
"...See the book Birke Yosef (by Hayyim Joseph David Azulai) article 25 point yod (ten).",
|
19 |
+
"...And [it] has not become widespread [to follow] the practice according to the opinion of Maran (R. Yosef Karo), in article 25 section 11, to put on and tie the arm tefillin, ",
|
20 |
+
"...And, before the tying [on the arm tefillin] to put on the head tefillin, ",
|
21 |
+
"...as people are not accustomed to do this.",
|
22 |
+
"...2...",
|
23 |
+
"In Egypt the custom is widespread, that they do not take off the tefillin on Rosh Hodesh, neither the congregation nor the cantor, until the Torah has been returned to the ark.",
|
24 |
+
"...And until after the end of the Kaddish, as written by our prince and commander Rabbi [Eliyahu Hazan the author of] Kisse Eliyahu of blessed memory in the Laws of Tefillin Section 25 point 7.",
|
25 |
+
"...And it is appropriate for the cantor who [wishes to] bring merit to the public that he should not rush to start the silent prayer until he sees with his own eyes that most of the community have taken off their tefillin.",
|
26 |
+
"...So that he can start the repetition [of the Amidah] after that",
|
27 |
+
"...So that their answers can reach the Holy Crown [of] his people.",
|
28 |
+
"...So that much good is not lost to them.",
|
29 |
+
"...And he will be responsible for any harm to them [caused by their missing part of the prayers], God forbid. ...3",
|
30 |
+
"",
|
31 |
+
"...In Egypt the custom was to wear tefillin during afternoon prayers on the eve of the Yom Kippur (the Day of Atonement) in the synagogue. And I asked for the reason.",
|
32 |
+
"...And they said the reason is that many people will not come to synagogue to pray except on the Days of Awe....",
|
33 |
+
"...And they put on tallith and tefillin so that on the day of judgement they will not be counted as the sort [of people] who do not put tefillin on their head.",
|
34 |
+
"...Despite the fact that by putting on tefillin one day a year one does not escape from (this category of sinners who bear) the guilt of failing to put [them] on.",
|
35 |
+
"...Indeed, it is good to choose the lesser evil, and the Good Lord will forgive.",
|
36 |
+
"...And again I saw another time that Rabbi Ahai Gaon the Great Rabbi our respected teacher Rabbi Eliyahu Hazzan may his Rock keep him and grant him life, head of the yeshivah in the city and mother in Israel No Amon (Alexandria), may God preserve it, in his book Neveh Shalom (oasis of peace), which he wrote about the customs of Alexandria in the laws of the Day of Atonement (Yom Kippur) subsection 4, mentions this custom [as] being practiced also in the lesser sanctuary (i.e. the synagogue) for the reason stated. Mark this.",
|
37 |
+
"...4",
|
38 |
+
"...In Egypt the custom of certain [people] from the community [is to] wear tefillin during afternoon prayers on Public Fast days for the Four Fasts.",
|
39 |
+
"...And I have not found any reason for this.",
|
40 |
+
"...And their habit was derived from the afternoon prayers of the 9th of Av, that they do not put on tefillin in the morning prayer and put them on in the afternoon prayer, and they thought that this was the law for every fast day, as if the fast were the cause of this.",
|
41 |
+
"...Nevertheless we should not prevent them, as their custom is a useful one given ... the sin of making light of congregational fasts except for Tish'ah beAv and Yom Kippur.",
|
42 |
+
"...And as for the other fasts they neglect them and maybe there will not be as many as ten people fasting in the synagogue, as Maran ruled (article 566) that [in the absence of a minyan] the cantor may not say \"Anenu\" as a separate blessing between \"Goel\" and \"Rofe\".",
|
43 |
+
"...And even though our mighty genius [R. Hayim Yosef David Azulai], in Birke Yosef article 566 first paragraph, wrote in the name of R. Moses ben Habib in his responsa that in the four fasts, which are a matter of tradition [rabbinic as opposed to Biblical law], it is fine to have six or seven people fasting, and he may say \"Anenu\" as a separate blessing and bring out the Sefer Torah to read and begin, even though there are not ten people fasting: see the passage,",
|
44 |
+
"...still, even though we only need six or seven people, how are we to know ... to ask each one of them",
|
45 |
+
"...to know if he is fasting or not.",
|
46 |
+
"...And perhaps by putting on the tallet and tefillin the matter will be known.",
|
47 |
+
"...Because a person does not put on tallet and tefillin on this day unless he is fasting.",
|
48 |
+
"... we can know whether there are several people fasting in the synagogue",
|
49 |
+
"...For also this remedy will not be of use except in the afternoon prayer, but in the morning prayer not.",
|
50 |
+
"",
|
51 |
+
"",
|
52 |
+
"...So as to say \"Anenu\" as a separate blessing and to read [from the Torah]",
|
53 |
+
"...And it was perhaps for this reason that the custom was fixed, and \"the custom of Israel is Torah\".",
|
54 |
+
"...And this proves that one should not disturb any custom without a comprehensive investigation of its basis.",
|
55 |
+
"...5",
|
56 |
+
"...On the first day of mourning it is forbidden to wear tefillin. If one died on one day and was buried [the next day], the widespread practice is not to wear tefillin even on the day of burial.",
|
57 |
+
"...As taught by the great author of Mahaziq Berachah (R. Hayyim Yosef David Azulai) in Sect. 131."
|
58 |
+
],
|
59 |
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|
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|
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|
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|
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|
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|
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|
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|
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|
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|
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|
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|
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|
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|
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|
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|
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|
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|
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|
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[],
|
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[],
|
242 |
+
[
|
243 |
+
"...1",
|
244 |
+
"...The custom is fixed in all of the kingdom of Egypt in its entirety.",
|
245 |
+
"Behold, in the city and mother in Israel of Egypt (i.e. Cairo) and the city and mother in Israel No Amon (Alexandria), may God preserve it, that there is not an authority for anyone to celebrate [a marriage by] huppah and qiddushin except for the rabbi who is in the city.",
|
246 |
+
"And the Rabbi who celebrates [a wedding by] huppah and qiddushin in person or by a person empowered by him in accordance with his authority and instructions.",
|
247 |
+
"And apart from the two rabbis of the communities mentioned where there is an established Bet Din to judge and decide, no man should raise his hand to celebrate [a wedding by] huppah and qiddushin at all.",
|
248 |
+
"...And similarly the inhabitants of the villages within their jurisdiction.",
|
249 |
+
"And the rabbi and head of the Bet Din who gives authority to celebrate [a wedding by] huppah and qiddushin to any of the inhabitants of that city or that village, after they have taken from the Bet Din the ketubbah documents drafted in accordance with the custom of the city and the statute enacted by the government in Constantinople...",
|
250 |
+
"",
|
251 |
+
"And thus I have written in the Laws of Ketubbot, paragraph 1; and even more so at the present day, after it was established throughout the kingdom of Egypt",
|
252 |
+
"And if so, anyone who presumes to celebrate a [wedding by] huppah and qiddushin without their knowledge, that qiddushin is not a valid qiddushin; they are also liable to punishment by the community, and the government will not hold them guiltless"
|
253 |
+
]
|
254 |
+
],
|
255 |
+
"versions": [
|
256 |
+
[
|
257 |
+
"Sefaria Community Translation",
|
258 |
+
"https://www.sefaria.org"
|
259 |
+
]
|
260 |
+
],
|
261 |
+
"heTitle": "ื ืืจ ืืฆืจืื",
|
262 |
+
"categories": [
|
263 |
+
"Halakhah",
|
264 |
+
"Acharonim"
|
265 |
+
],
|
266 |
+
"sectionNames": [
|
267 |
+
"Chapter",
|
268 |
+
"Halakhah"
|
269 |
+
]
|
270 |
+
}
|
json/Halakhah/Acharonim/Nehar Misrayim/Hebrew/merged.json
ADDED
@@ -0,0 +1,332 @@
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|
1 |
+
{
|
2 |
+
"title": "Nehar Misrayim",
|
3 |
+
"language": "he",
|
4 |
+
"versionTitle": "merged",
|
5 |
+
"versionSource": "https://www.sefaria.org/Nehar_Misrayim",
|
6 |
+
"text": [
|
7 |
+
[
|
8 |
+
"(ื) ",
|
9 |
+
"ืืืฆืจืื ื ืืืืื ืืฉืืชืขืืคืื ืืืชื ืืืืื ืืขืช ืื ืืกืชื ืืืืคื ืฉืืื ื ืืืจื ืืืชื ืขื ืืขืืืคื ืืืืช. ",
|
10 |
+
"ืืืืื ืืฉืืื ืกื ืืง ืืชืขืืฃ ืืกื ืืง ืืืืจื. ",
|
11 |
+
"ืืืื ืกืืจืช ืืืืดื ืืดื ืืื ืืณ ืกืืณ ืืดื.... (ืื ืืื ืืฆืจืื ืืจืืฉืื).",
|
12 |
+
"ืืืื ื ืกืืจืช ืืืืดืจ ืืื ืกืืจื ืืืืืืช ืืื ืืคืืกืงืื ืืืงื ืขืืื ืืจื ืฉืืืืดื ืืกืืณ ืืณ ืืืืืดื ืืืช ืืณ.",
|
13 |
+
" ืืจื ืืืงืณืื ืืดื ืกืืณ ืืดื.",
|
14 |
+
"ืืจื ืฉืขืจ ืืคืจืื ืืืดื ืกืืณ ืืึพืื.",
|
15 |
+
"ืืืจื ืคืจื ืืืืื ืืดื.",
|
16 |
+
"ืืืืื ืืคืจืื ืืื ืขืืืื ืฉืขืฉื ืจืื ื ืชืงืืคื ืืจืขื ืืืฉืจืื ืืืจื ืืืื ืคืืฆื ืคื.",
|
17 |
+
" ืืืดืข ืืจื ืืืืดื ืืืจืืดื ืืืจื ืืกื ืืืืื ืืดื.",
|
18 |
+
"ืืขืชื ืืงืจืื ืจืืืชื ืืืืื ืืืืืื ื ืืื ื ืืืจ ืืืจืื ืืืืื ืืื ืฉื ืขืืชืื ื ืคื ืืฆืจืื ืืขืดื ืืฉืจ ืขืฉื ืืืจ ืืื ืืืคื ืืฉืืคื ืืื ืขืจืขืืจ ืืืื ืฉืขืืฉืื ืืืชื ืืืืช ืืืฉื ืืื ืืืืฉื ื ืื ืื ืืฉืขืช ืืดื.",
|
19 |
+
"ืืงืืื ืืงืืืืฉืื ืืืืืื ืื ืืืืืช ืืืืฉื ืืืืจื ืขืืื ืืืชืขืืฃ ืืฉืืืืื ื ืืขืืื ืื ืืื ืืืืื ืืจืืข ืืืืช ืืืืดื ืืฉืืฉืืื ืืืชื ืื ืขื ืจืืฉ ืืืื.",
|
20 |
+
"ืืืื ืืืจื ืฉืืืจืืชื ืืื. ",
|
21 |
+
"ืืืืฉืจ ืืชืืชื ืื ืืจ ืคืงืื ืืฉืจ ืืืจืชื ืขื ืื ืืื ืขืืงืืดืช ืืจืืฉืื ืชืดื ืืฉืชื ืืืืืช ืขืืฉื ืืื ืื ืื ืืื ืืืื.",
|
22 |
+
"ืืืืช ืื ืืื ืืืจื ืฉืืืืื ื ืขื ืืืืืช ืืคืืืจ ืืก ืืจืืช ืฉืืืืื ื ืืฉื ืืืชื ืจืืืืื ืืืืืช ืืก ืืืืคื ืฉืืื ืืฆืื ืจืืฉืืื ืฉื ืคืืดืจ.",
|
23 |
+
"ืืืืก ืืื ืืืจื ืขืืื ืืืขืืื ืืืืืืจืื ืืืืจื ืืคืืกืงืื.",
|
24 |
+
" ืืืืืืช ืฉืืืจื ืขื ืืืืืช ืืืืืืฅ ืื ืขืจ ืืฆืืช ืืืคื ืืงืืืืฉืื ืืจื ืืฆื ืืื ืืืืชื ืืก ืืื ืืืดืข.",
|
25 |
+
"ืืฉื ืืจืช ืืืื ืฉืืชืขืืฃ ืืขืืื ืื ืืื ืืืืื ืืจืืข ืืืืช.",
|
26 |
+
"ืืฆื ืืื ืืืื ืืืดืข ืืืคืืณ ืืืืดืจ ืืดื ืืืื ืืืื ืืืจื ืืฉืืค.",
|
27 |
+
"ืืฉืืข ืืื ืืืืกืืฃ ืืงื ืืืืื ืืื ืคืืช ืืื ืื ืื ืขืื ืืืื.",
|
28 |
+
"ืืืืขืจื ืืืื ืื ืืคืงืคืืงืื.",
|
29 |
+
"ืื ืืื ืืจื ืืฉืจื.",
|
30 |
+
"ืืขืืื ืื ืืจ ืคืงืื ืืืณ ืฆืืฆืืช ืืกืขืืฃ ืืณ ืืดืฉ ืืืจืืืืช ืืขื ืื ืื ืืชืืฆื ืจื ื ืืช ืืืืดืง.",
|
31 |
+
"(ื) ",
|
32 |
+
"ืืื ืื ืคืฉืื ืืืฆืจืื ืืืณืื ืชืดื ืฉืืชืขืืคืื ืืืืืช ืืืืื ืืคืืณ ืืืื ื ืขื ืืืคืืณ ืืืืจืื ืฉืขืืื ืื ื ืฉืื ืืฉื.",
|
33 |
+
"ืืื ืืื ืื ืืฉืื ื ืฉืื ืขืื ืฉืื ื ืฉื ืืฉื ืืื ื ืืชืขืืฃ ืืืืืช ืืืืื ืืืคืืณ ืืื ืชืดื.",
|
34 |
+
"ืืืื ืืื ืึพืื ืืืขืจื ืฉืืื ืืืื ื ืขื ืืชืขืืคืื ืืืืืช ืืืืื ืจืง ืืชืดื ืชืืคืกื ืืชืืจื.",
|
35 |
+
"ืืืื ืืื ืืืืจื ืืืื ืฉืื ื ืืื.",
|
36 |
+
"(ื) ",
|
37 |
+
"ืืขื ืื ืืจืืืืช ืฉืืฆืืฆืื.",
|
38 |
+
"ืืชื ืืืจืืงืดืฉ ื ื ืฉืื ืื ืืฆืจืื ืืืจืื ืืดื ืืจืืืืช ืืืจืืขื ืืืืจืืก ืืืกืคืจ ืฉื ืืืื ืืดื ืืขืืดืฉ ืืกืืณ ืืืณ.",
|
39 |
+
"ืืืจื ืืกื ืืืื ืืดื ืืชื ืฉืจืื ืืฉ ืืืืืื ืืืจืื ืืดื ืืจืืืืช ืืืจืืขื ืืืืจืืก ืืืืื ืืดื ืืืจืืช ืืขืืณืืฉ.",
|
40 |
+
"ืืื ืืืขืื ืื ืืืืฉ ืืจื ืืดื ืืื ืืืื ืกืืณ ืืดื ืืจืชืื ืืจืดื ืืดื ืืกืืณ ืืดื ืกืขืืฃ ืืดื.",
|
41 |
+
"ืืืืืจื ืืื ืืืืื ืืืฉ ืืขืืช ืื ืกืืณ ืืดื ืืจืืืืช ืืืจืืข ืืืืืจืื ืกืืจื ืืื ืืืืืจ ืจืืฉืื ืืณ ืืืฉื ื ืืณ.",
|
42 |
+
"ืืืฉืืืฉื ืืืณ.",
|
43 |
+
"ืืืจืืืขื ืืดื ืืกืืื ื ืืืดื ืืืื ืดื ืืืจืืดื ืืืืดื ืขืืืื ืืดื ืืื ืืื ืืืืื ืืช ืืืจืืืดื ืืืดืฉ ืืืืืดื ืืดื.",
|
44 |
+
"ืืืคื ืกืืจ ืืจืฅ ื, ื, ืื, ืืดื ืขื ืืฉื ืขืืืื ืืดื ืืื ืื.",
|
45 |
+
"ืืื ืืืื ื ืืขืฉืืช ืืืืืช ืืืืื ืกืืณืืดื ืืจืืืืช ืืืืืืช ืงืื ืืดื ืืจืืืืช ืืืจื ืฉืืื ืืฆื ืืื ืฉืืืื ืืื.",
|
46 |
+
"ืืืดื ืืจื ืืกืดื ืืดื ืืื ืืืืืื ืืืฆืจืื ืจื ืื ืืืจืื ืืณ ืืืืฉืื ืฉืื.",
|
47 |
+
"ืืื ืืฆืืช ืืื ืกืณ ืืจืฅ ืื๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝืจืืืดื ืืืจืืช ืืืืื.",
|
48 |
+
"ืืกืณ ืืืจืืงืดืฉ ืืืืจืดืฉ ืืืืื ืืดื ืืืืืช ืงืืฅ ืืฉืืข ืืื ืืืืกืืฃ ืืงื.",
|
49 |
+
"(ื)",
|
50 |
+
"ืืืฆืจืื ืจืืื ืืืืื ืืืืืื ืขื ืืฉืืฉืืืฅ ืื ืืืจืืขื ืฆืืฆืืืช ืืฆื ืคื ืืื ืืืืืืช ืืงืืคื ืขื ืฆืืืจื ึพ ืืจืืื ืืืืืืขื ืฉืืคืืืช ืืฉืขืจื ืืขืืืคื. ",
|
51 |
+
"ืืืจื ืืืชืขืืฃ ืื ืจืืฉื ืืจืืื ืืืขืืื ืืฅ ืืื ืืืืื ืืจืืข ืืืืจืช ืืืืดื ืืฉืืฉืื ื ืขื ืืชืคื.",
|
52 |
+
"ืืื ืืก ืืชืืืืช ืืืจืื ืื ืืื ืืงืืคื ืขื ืืชืคื ืืื ืืจืื ืจืืืื ืืืจื ืืืื ืขืืืืฃ.",
|
53 |
+
"ืืื ืืฆืืช ืฆืืฆืืช ืื ืงืืื. ืืืืื ื ืขื ืืกืชืคืงืื ืืืฉืืงืช ืืฆืืฆืืช ืคืขืืื ืืฉืืฉ ืืืื ืืืฉืืื ืืคืืืก ืืช ืืฆืืฆืืืช ืขื ืืฉืจ ืื ืืื ืขืฉื ืื.",
|
54 |
+
"ืืจืืื ืืืืืืื ืืืืฉืื ืืืขืืชื ืฉืื ืืืฉืื ืืืืกืืจ ืืจืื ืืืืื. ืืืดื.",
|
55 |
+
"(ื) ",
|
56 |
+
"ืืืฆืจืื ืืฉืจ ืื ืืืืืกืืช ื ืืืืช ืืืืื ืืื ืืืืืจ ืฉืื ืืืืก ืืืืืื ืืช ืืืืืช ืงืื ืืืืืืจื ืืืจืืงืณืณืฉ ืืกืืณ ืืดื.",
|
57 |
+
"ืืขื ืืจืื ืืืดืง ื ืฉืืชืืก ืืื ืื ืืืืืกืช ืืจืชืืช ืืืชื ืขื ืืื ืืืื ืืืืื ืฆืืฆืืช ืฉืื ืฆืืจ ืืชืืืืฆืื",
|
58 |
+
"ืืขื ืืจืื ื ืืชืืื ืืืช ืืื ืื ืืืืืืช ืื ืืืขื ืื ืื, ืืืฉืจื ืืืืืื ืืืจืืืชืื."
|
59 |
+
],
|
60 |
+
[
|
61 |
+
"( ื )",
|
62 |
+
" ืืื ืื ืคืฉืื ืืืจืฅ ืืฆืจืื ืืืจืื ืืจืฆืืขื ืืณ ืืจืืืืช ืกืืื ืืืจืืข ืงืืื ืื ืืช ืชืคืื ืฉื ืจืืฉ ืืกืณ ืืจืืืดื ืืืดื ืกืืณ ืชืจืืดื.",
|
63 |
+
"ืืื ืืื ืืืชืื ืืืจืืืดื . ืืืื ืื ืืจืฅ ืืฉืจ๏ญ.",
|
64 |
+
"ืขืืื ืืจืืดื ืกืืณ ืืณืณื ืืืช ืืืณืณื.",
|
65 |
+
"ืืื ืคืฉื ืืื ืื ืืืขืช ืืจืดื ืืกื' ืืดื ืกืขืืฃ ืืดื ืืกืดื ืืื ืื ืชืคืื ืฉื ืื ืืืงืฉืืจ.",
|
66 |
+
"ืืงืืื ืืืจืืื ืื ืื ืชืคืื ืฉื ืจืืฉ.",
|
67 |
+
"ืืื ื ืืื ืืื.",
|
68 |
+
"( ื )",
|
69 |
+
"ืืืฆืจืื ืืื ืื ืคืฉืืช ืฉืืื ืืืืฆืื ืืชืคืืืื ืืจืณืณื ืื ืืงืื ืืื ืืฉืดืฅ ืจืง ืืืจ ืืืจืช ืกืดืช ืืืืื.",
|
70 |
+
"ืืืืจ ืืืจ ืืงืืืฉ. ืืืื ืฉืืชื ืืจื ื ืืื ืืืฆืื ืืืืดื ืืจื ืืกืณืณื ืืดื ืืืืืช ืชืคืืืื ืกืณ ืืดื ืืืช ืืณ.",
|
71 |
+
"ืืจืืื ืืฉืดืฅ ืืืืื ืืช ืืจืืื ืฉืื ืืืืจ ืืืชืืื ืชืคืืช ืืืฉ ืขื ืืฉืจ ืืจืื ืืขืื ืื ืฉืจืื ืืฆืืืจ ืืืฆื ืชืคืืืื ืฉืืืืก.",
|
72 |
+
"ืืื ืฉืื ืืชืืื ืืืดื (ืืืดื?) ืืืืจื.",
|
73 |
+
"ืฉืืืืื ืืืืืข ืืขื ืืช ืงืืืฉืช ืืืชืจ ืขืื.",
|
74 |
+
"ืืื ืืืื ืืื ืืืื ืืจืื.",
|
75 |
+
"ืืืืื ืืื ืืืื ืื ืืงื ืืดื.",
|
76 |
+
"( ื )",
|
77 |
+
"ืืืฆืจืื ื ืืื ืืืืืฉ ืชืคืืืื ืืื ืืช ืขืจื ืืื''ื ืืืืช ืืื ืกืช ืืฉ๏ญืชื ืื ืืขื ืืื ืื ืื.",
|
78 |
+
"ืืืืจื ืืกืืืช ืื ืืฉ ืืืืื ื ืขื ืืื ื ืืืื ืืืืช ืืื ืกืช ืืืชืคืื ืื ืื ืืืืื ื ืืจืืื.",
|
79 |
+
"ืืืืืฉืื ืืืืช ืืชืคืืืื ืืืื ืืื ืฉืื ืืืื ืืืื ืืืื ืืกืื ืงืจืงืคืชื ืืื ืื ื ืชืคืืื.",
|
80 |
+
"ืืื ืื ืืขืืืณืณืจ ืืื ืืช ืชืคืืืื ืืื ืืื ืืฉื ื ืื ื ืืื ืืฉื ืงืจืงืคืชื ืืื ืื ื.",
|
81 |
+
"ืืื ืืื ืืชืคืืก ืืจืข ืืืืขืืื ืืืณ ืืืื ืืืคืจ ืืขื.",
|
82 |
+
"ืืฉืืดืจ ืืืดื ืจืืืชื ืืจื ืืืื ืืืื ืืจื ืืืืื ืืืืืจืดืจ ๏ญืืื ืืื ืืฆืดื ืจืดื ืืขื๏ฌฑืดื ืืดื ืืขืดื ืืกืณ ื ืื ืฉืืื ืฉืืืืจ ืขื ืื ืืื ื ืดื ืืืื ื ืืืืดื ืกืขืืฃ ืงืื ืืณ ืฉืืืืืจ ืื ืื ืื ืฉื ืืืืื ืื ืื ๏ฌฑืืืดืง ืืืขื ืืืืืจ ืืืืดืง....",
|
83 |
+
"( ื )",
|
84 |
+
"ืืืฆืจืื ื ืืืืื ืืืื ืืืงืื ืืืืืฉ ืชืคืืืื ืืื ืื ืฉื ืืื ืชืขื ืืช ืฆืืืจ ืฉื ืืจืืข ืฆืืืืช.",
|
85 |
+
" ืืื ืืฆืืชื ืืื ืืขื.",
|
86 |
+
"ืื ืืฉื ืืื ืื ืืื ืืื ืืช ืืื ืืดื ืืืื ืื ืืืื ืชืคืืืื ืืฉืืจืืช ืืื ืืืื ืืืชื ืืื ืื ืืืฉืื ืฉืื ืืืื ืืื ืืื ืชืขื ืืช ื๏ญื ืืชืขื ืืช ืืืจื ืืืช.",
|
87 |
+
"ืืืืื ืืื ืืืืืช ืืืื ืื ืื ืื ื ืื ืืื ืื ืืขื ืื ืืขืื ืคืฉืชื ืืืกืคืืช ืืืงื ืืชืขื ืืืช ืืฆืืืจ ืืืฅ ืืืณืณื ืืืืืณืณื.",
|
88 |
+
"ืืืฉืืจ ืชืขื ืืืช ืืืืืืื ืืื ืืืืื ืื ืืืฆืื ืืืดื ืืชืขื ืื ืืืืช ืืื ืกืช ืจืคืกืง ืืจืดื ืืกืืณ ืชืงืกืดื ืืืื ืืฉืดืฅ ืืืื ืืืื ืขื ื ื ืืืจืื ืืคืดืข ืืื ืื๏ญ ืืจืืคื.",
|
89 |
+
"ืืืื ืฉืืดืข ืืืจืืดื ืกืืณ ืชืงืกืดื ืกืณืณืง ืืชื ืืฉื ืืจื ืืืจืดื ืืณ ืืืื ืืชืฉืืืืชืื ืืืจืณ ืฆืืืืช ืฉืื ืืืจื ืงืืื ืกืื ืืฉืฉื ืื ืืฉืืขื ืืชืขื ืื ืืืืื ืืืืจ ืขื ื ื ืืืจืื ืืคืณืณืข ืืืืืฆืื ืกืดืช ืืงืจืื ืืืื ืืคืืณ ืื ืืื ืฉื ืืืดื ืืชืขื ืื. ืืขืืดืฉ.",
|
90 |
+
"ืื ืืืื ืฉืฉื ืื ืฉืืขื ืืขืื ื ืืืืืื ืืืขืื ื ืืื ืืืืื ืืืืชื ืืืืจืืจื ืืฉ๏ญื ืขื ืื ืืื ืืืื.",
|
91 |
+
"ืืืืข ืื ืืชืขื ื ืื ืื.",
|
92 |
+
"ืืืืื ืขืดื ืืืืฉืช ืืืืช ืืชืคืืืื ืืื ืืจื ืืืืชื.",
|
93 |
+
"ืื ืืื ืืื ืื ืื ืืืืช ืืชืคืืืื ืืืื ืื ืื ืื ืืืชืขื ื.",
|
94 |
+
"ืืชืืดื ื ืืื ืืืืข ืื ืืฉ ืจืื ืืชืขื ืื. ืืืืช ืืื ืกืช.",
|
95 |
+
"ืืื ืืืื ืชืืงืื ืื ืืืขืื ืจืง ืืื ืื ืืื ืืฉืืจืืช ืื.",
|
96 |
+
"ืืคืฉืจ ืืืฉืืจืืช ืขืืื ืืชืขื ืื ืื ืืืดืฉ ืฉืืืขืื ืื ืื ืื ืืชืขื ืืช ืฆืืืจ ืฉื ืืื ืืฉืืืืื (ืืฉืืืืื?) ืฉื ืืื ืคื ืืฆืจืื ืืืฉืจ ืืชืืืจ ืืขืดื ืืืงืืื.",
|
97 |
+
"ืืฉืจ ืืื ืชืดืฆ ืฉืงืืื ืขืืืื ืืฆืืืจ ืืื ืืืื ื ืืขืื ื ืืืดื ืืชืขื ืื ืืืื.",
|
98 |
+
"ืืื ืืืืจ ืขื ื ื ืืคืดืข ืืืงืจืืช ืืืื.",
|
99 |
+
"ืืืืื ืฉืืื ื ืงืืข ืืื ืื ืืขืืงืจื ืืื ืืื ืฉื ืืฉืจ๏ญ ืชืืื ืืื.",
|
100 |
+
"ืืืืื ืจืืื ืฉืืื ืืขืจืขืจ ืขื ืฉืื ืื ืื ืืืชื ืืงืืจืช ืืกืืื ืืืืดืง.",
|
101 |
+
"( ื )",
|
102 |
+
"ืืื ืืืื ืจืืฉืื ืืกืืจ ืืื ืื ืชืคืืืื ืืื ืืช ืืืื ืืื ืื ืงืืจ ืืฉื ื ืคืฉื ืืื ืื ืฉืื ืืื ืื ืื ืืืื ืืงืืืจื.",
|
103 |
+
"ืืืืืจืืช ืืดืข ืืืืืดืจ ืกืืณ ืงืืณืณื."
|
104 |
+
],
|
105 |
+
[],
|
106 |
+
[],
|
107 |
+
[],
|
108 |
+
[],
|
109 |
+
[],
|
110 |
+
[],
|
111 |
+
[],
|
112 |
+
[],
|
113 |
+
[],
|
114 |
+
[],
|
115 |
+
[],
|
116 |
+
[],
|
117 |
+
[],
|
118 |
+
[],
|
119 |
+
[],
|
120 |
+
[],
|
121 |
+
[],
|
122 |
+
[],
|
123 |
+
[],
|
124 |
+
[],
|
125 |
+
[],
|
126 |
+
[],
|
127 |
+
[],
|
128 |
+
[],
|
129 |
+
[],
|
130 |
+
[],
|
131 |
+
[],
|
132 |
+
[],
|
133 |
+
[],
|
134 |
+
[],
|
135 |
+
[],
|
136 |
+
[],
|
137 |
+
[],
|
138 |
+
[],
|
139 |
+
[],
|
140 |
+
[],
|
141 |
+
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[
|
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"(ื)",
|
290 |
+
"ืืื ืื ืงืืืข ืืื ืืืืืช ืืฆืจืื ืืืื.",
|
291 |
+
"ืืืื ื ืืขืืืณืณื ืืฆืจืื ืืขืืืดื ื ื ืืืื ืืขืดื ืฉืืื ืจืฉืืช ืืฉืื ืืื ืืืื ืื ืฉืืืื ืืกืืจ ืืืคื ืืงืืืืฉืื ืื ืื ืืจื ืืืืดืฅ ืืฉืจ ืืขืืจ.",
|
292 |
+
"ืืืจื ืืื ืืืกืืจ ืืืดืง ืืื ืขืฆืื ืื ืืื ืืืื ืขืดืค ืจืฉืืชื ืืืืืจื.",
|
293 |
+
"ืืืืขืื ืฉื ื ืจืื ื ืงืืืืช ืื ืืณ ืฉืืื ืืืช ืืื ืงืืืข ืืืื ืืืืืจืืช ืื ืืจืื ืืืฉ ืืช ืืื ืืกืืจ ืืืดืง ืืื.",
|
294 |
+
"ืืื ืื ื ืืืคืจืื ืืืืกืื ืชืืช ืืืื.",
|
295 |
+
"ืืืจื ืจืืืดื ืืื ืื ืืชื ืจืฉืืช ืืกืืจ ืืืดืง ืืืื ืืื ื ืืขืืจ ืืืื ืื ืืืคืจ ืืืื ืืืจื ืฉืืงืื ืืืช ืืดื ืืช ืฉืืจื ืืืชืืืืช ืืชืืืื ืืื ืื ืืขืืจ ืืืืง ืืื ืืืืฉืจ ืืืงืืืื ืืืช ืืืืฉืื ืืจืืืื ืืฉืจ ืืงืืดืจ ืงืืฉืื ืืขืดื ืืจืดื.",
|
296 |
+
"ืืืืฉืดื ืืืืืณืณื ืืืืืช ืืืื ืจืื ืกืขืืฃ ืืณ.",
|
297 |
+
"ืืื ืืชืืชื ืืืืืืช ืืชืืืืช ืกืขืืฃ ืืณ ืืืืดืฉ ืืงืดื ืขืชื ืืืจื ืืฉืจ ื ืงืืขื ืืื ืืืืืช ืืฆืจืื ืืงืฆื ืืืื ืืฆืืื ืืขื ืงืฆืื ืืกืืืช ืืืคืงืขืช ืืงืืืืฉืื ืืืคืงืจืช ืืกืคื ืืคืืกืื ืขืืืืื ืืื ืฉืชืจืื ืืงืื ืื ืืกื ืืืกืืื ืื ืฉืืื ืืืื ืฉืืจืืฉืื ืืฉืจ ืืชื ืืื ืืืขื ืืืืื ืืงืืืืฉืื ืืื ืฉืืืื ืืงืืืืฉืื ืืจืฉืืช ืจื ืืขืืจ ืืืดืฉ ืฉื.",
|
298 |
+
"ืืืดื ืืืจืื ืื ืืกืืจ ืืืดืง ืืืชื ืืืืขืชื ืืจื ืืื ืงืืืืฉืื(ื?) ืงืืืืฉืื ืืื ืขื ืฉืืขื ืฉ ืืืช ืืงืืืืช, ืืืืืืฉืื ืื ืื ืงื.",
|
299 |
+
"ืืชืื(ื?)ืดืช ืืฉืจ๏ญ ืงืืืฉืื ืื.",
|
300 |
+
"ืืขืืืื ืืขืื ืืืชืื ืกืืื ืืฉืืฉื ืื.",
|
301 |
+
"ืืฃ ืื ืืืืื ืืืืื ืืืฆืืจื. ืืณ ืืฉืืจื:",
|
302 |
+
"(ื) ...",
|
303 |
+
"ืืขืื ืชืงื ื ืืืืช ืืฆืืชื ืขืชื ืฉืืื ืชืงื ื ืงืืืื ืืืฆืจืื ืืืืจืืช ืงืืืื ืื ืื ืืกืคืจ ืกืืจ ืืืืืื ืืงืืจืืช ืืืืื.",
|
304 |
+
"ืื ืฉืื ืื ืืงืืดืจ ืืื ืืื ืืขืดื (ืืฉืจ ืืืจืชืื ืืขืื ืืืืืืช ืคืืดืจ ืืืืฉืืช ืื ืืื ืืฉืืืืืื ืืืช ืืณ ืืขืืดืฉ) ืฉื ืืืืงืืืื ืืืืจื ืืืกืฃ ืืืจื ืจืณ ืืืกืฃ ืืณ ืืฆืืง ืกืืืจื ืืดื ืืฉืจ ืื ื ืงืืฆื ืืืจืื ืืช ืืฆืจืื ืืจืื ืื ืืืืืช ืจืืื ื ืืจืืืดื ืืดื ืืืืื ืฉื ืืฆื 133 ืืชืื ืืืืจ ืืืดื.",
|
305 |
+
"ืืฉื ืช ืืืฃ ืืชืขืดื ืืฉืืจืืช ืืื ืฉื ืช ืืดื ืืชืชืงืืดื ืืืฆืืจื ืชืงื ื ืจืื ื ืืฆืจืื ืืืืฆืืื ืกืคืจ ืชืืจื ืืจืืื ืืืืจืืื ืขื ืื ืฉื ืืืคืจืื ืืฉืืื ืื ืืืื ืืืจ ืื๏ญืืืื ืืืืณ ืืื ืืฉื ืืื ืืฉื ืืื ืืืจืฉ ืฉืื ืืื ืืช ืืฉืชื ืืืื ืืืคืจืื ืืื ืขืณืณื ืืจืื ืื ืฉืืืคืจื ืืฆืจืื ืืื ืจืณ ืืืคืื ืืืื ืืื ืืืจ.",
|
306 |
+
"ืื ืขืดื ืจืณ ืืืืื ืืืื ืืืื ืืืืืืก.",
|
307 |
+
"ืื ืขืดื ืืณ ืคืจืืื ืืืื ืืืืืื.",
|
308 |
+
"ืืืกืืื ื ืืืืจืื ื ืื ืื ืฉืืชื ืจืฉืืช ืืืื ืฉืืื ื ืืืืข ืืืื ืืืื ืืงืืืืฉืื.",
|
309 |
+
"ืืืื ืื ืืฉืืืฉ ืืืจืื ืฉื ืืืฉ ืืืช ืฉืณ ืืืฃ ืืชืฆืดื ืืฉืืจืืช ืืคืกืืื ืืฆืจืื ืืขื ื ืืจ ื ืืืืก ืืืชืื....",
|
310 |
+
"ืืืื ืืืื ืงืืื ื ืืชืื ื ืืืชืื ื ืขืืื ืืืืื ืืืืืช ืืืจืืื ืืืืจ ืืืื ืืืื ืฉืจืื ืืืจืืจ ืืงืืื:",
|
311 |
+
"ืืฉื ืืจ ืืืืืื ืืฆืืง ืืจ ืฉืฉืื ืฉืื๏ญ ืืจ ืกืขืืื ืื ืฉื ืืจ ืืืกืฃ",
|
312 |
+
"ืืืื ืืืื ืืืื ืืืื",
|
313 |
+
"(ืืืดื ืืืฃ ืืชืขืดื ืืฉืขืจืืช ืฉืืชืื ืืจืืฉืื ื ืืดืก ืืื ืืฆืดื ืืืฃ ืืชืฆืดื ืืฉืืจืืช ืืืชืื ืืืืจืื ื. ืืื ืืดื ืชืชืงืืดื ืืืฆืืจื ืืดืก ืืฆืดื ืชืชืงืืดื. ืืืืดื ืื ืืชืืื ืืฉืืื ืืฉืืจืืช ืขื ืฉื ืืช ืืืฆืืจื ืืืืืข ืืื ืฉืืงื ืืืฉืืื ื. ืืขืืื ืืืกืืช ืขืดื ืืดื ืขืดื ืืืืจื ืืจืดืค ืืคืืจืฉื ืฉื ืืืืฃ ืืดืจ ืขืดื ืจืฉืดื ืืดื ืืืชืืืืื ืืืื ื ืืขืืดืฉ ืืชืืฆื ืฉืืืฉืืื ืืืืืืง ืืืฉืจ ืืชืืชื ืฉืฉื ืช ืืดื ืชืชืงืืดื ืืื ืฉื ืช ืืืฃ ืืชืฆืดื ืืฉืืจืืช ืืคืฉืื):",
|
314 |
+
"ืืจืืช ืืืขืช ืื ืชืงื ื ืื ืฉืื ืืฉื ืืื ืืฉื ืืื ืืคืจื ืืฆืจืื ืื ืื ืขืดื ืืืืื ืืื ืชืงื ื ืงืืืื ืืืืืช ืืจืืืดื ืืฉืื ืืชืช ืจืฉืืช ืืืื ืืื ืื ืื ืืืืื ื ืืืืื ื ืืขื ืืฆืจืื ืขืฆืื ืืื ืฆืืจื ืืืืืืจ ืื ืื ืืื ืจืืื ื ืืจืืืดื ืืืืืื ืืืขืฆืื ืืื ืืืื ืืชืืื ืืื ืืจืื ืื ืืกืืจ ืงืืืืฉืื ืืืฅ ืืื ื. ืื ืืืฅ ืืืืืื ืื ืืฉืจ ืืชื ืืืดืค . ืืฉืืข ืืื ืื ืชืงื ืืช ืืฆืจืื ืืกืืืชื ืืืจืจื ืงืืฉ. ืืืืดืง :"
|
315 |
+
]
|
316 |
+
],
|
317 |
+
"versions": [
|
318 |
+
[
|
319 |
+
"ืืืืืช ืฆืืฆืืช ",
|
320 |
+
"http://www.hebrewbooks.org/34122"
|
321 |
+
]
|
322 |
+
],
|
323 |
+
"heTitle": "ื ืืจ ืืฆืจืื",
|
324 |
+
"categories": [
|
325 |
+
"Halakhah",
|
326 |
+
"Acharonim"
|
327 |
+
],
|
328 |
+
"sectionNames": [
|
329 |
+
"Chapter",
|
330 |
+
"Halakhah"
|
331 |
+
]
|
332 |
+
}
|
json/Halakhah/Acharonim/Nehar Misrayim/Hebrew/ืืืืืช ืฆืืฆืืช .json
ADDED
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|
1 |
+
{
|
2 |
+
"language": "he",
|
3 |
+
"title": "Nehar Misrayim",
|
4 |
+
"versionSource": "http://www.hebrewbooks.org/34122",
|
5 |
+
"versionTitle": "ืืืืืช ืฆืืฆืืช ",
|
6 |
+
"status": "locked",
|
7 |
+
"actualLanguage": "he",
|
8 |
+
"languageFamilyName": "hebrew",
|
9 |
+
"isBaseText": true,
|
10 |
+
"isSource": true,
|
11 |
+
"isPrimary": true,
|
12 |
+
"direction": "rtl",
|
13 |
+
"heTitle": "ื ืืจ ืืฆืจืื",
|
14 |
+
"categories": [
|
15 |
+
"Halakhah",
|
16 |
+
"Acharonim"
|
17 |
+
],
|
18 |
+
"text": [
|
19 |
+
[
|
20 |
+
"(ื) ",
|
21 |
+
"ืืืฆืจืื ื ืืืืื ืืฉืืชืขืืคืื ืืืชื ืืืืื ืืขืช ืื ืืกืชื ืืืืคื ืฉืืื ื ืืืจื ืืืชื ืขื ืืขืืืคื ืืืืช. ",
|
22 |
+
"ืืืืื ืืฉืืื ืกื ืืง ืืชืขืืฃ ืืกื ืืง ืืืืจื. ",
|
23 |
+
"ืืืื ืกืืจืช ืืืืดื ืืดื ืืื ืืณ ืกืืณ ืืดื.... (ืื ืืื ืืฆืจืื ืืจืืฉืื).",
|
24 |
+
"ืืืื ื ืกืืจืช ืืืืดืจ ืืื ืกืืจื ืืืืืืช ืืื ืืคืืกืงืื ืืืงื ืขืืื ืืจื ืฉืืืืดื ืืกืืณ ืืณ ืืืืืดื ืืืช ืืณ.",
|
25 |
+
" ืืจื ืืืงืณืื ืืดื ืกืืณ ืืดื.",
|
26 |
+
"ืืจื ืฉืขืจ ืืคืจืื ืืืดื ืกืืณ ืืึพืื.",
|
27 |
+
"ืืืจื ืคืจื ืืืืื ืืดื.",
|
28 |
+
"ืืืืื ืืคืจืื ืืื ืขืืืื ืฉืขืฉื ืจืื ื ืชืงืืคื ืืจืขื ืืืฉืจืื ืืืจื ืืืื ืคืืฆื ืคื.",
|
29 |
+
" ืืืดืข ืืจื ืืืืดื ืืืจืืดื ืืืจื ืืกื ืืืืื ืืดื.",
|
30 |
+
"ืืขืชื ืืงืจืื ืจืืืชื ืืืืื ืืืืืื ื ืืื ื ืืืจ ืืืจืื ืืืืื ืืื ืฉื ืขืืชืื ื ืคื ืืฆืจืื ืืขืดื ืืฉืจ ืขืฉื ืืืจ ืืื ืืืคื ืืฉืืคื ืืื ืขืจืขืืจ ืืืื ืฉืขืืฉืื ืืืชื ืืืืช ืืืฉื ืืื ืืืืฉื ื ืื ืื ืืฉืขืช ืืดื.",
|
31 |
+
"ืืงืืื ืืงืืืืฉืื ืืืืืื ืื ืืืืืช ืืืืฉื ืืืืจื ืขืืื ืืืชืขืืฃ ืืฉืืืืื ื ืืขืืื ืื ืืื ืืืืื ืืจืืข ืืืืช ืืืืดื ืืฉืืฉืืื ืืืชื ืื ืขื ืจืืฉ ืืืื.",
|
32 |
+
"ืืืื ืืืจื ืฉืืืจืืชื ืืื. ",
|
33 |
+
"ืืืืฉืจ ืืชืืชื ืื ืืจ ืคืงืื ืืฉืจ ืืืจืชื ืขื ืื ืืื ืขืืงืืดืช ืืจืืฉืื ืชืดื ืืฉืชื ืืืืืช ืขืืฉื ืืื ืื ืื ืืื ืืืื.",
|
34 |
+
"ืืืืช ืื ืืื ืืืจื ืฉืืืืื ื ืขื ืืืืืช ืืคืืืจ ืืก ืืจืืช ืฉืืืืื ื ืืฉื ืืืชื ืจืืืืื ืืืืืช ืืก ืืืืคื ืฉืืื ืืฆืื ืจืืฉืืื ืฉื ืคืืดืจ.",
|
35 |
+
"ืืืืก ืืื ืืืจื ืขืืื ืืืขืืื ืืืืืืจืื ืืืืจื ืืคืืกืงืื.",
|
36 |
+
" ืืืืืืช ืฉืืืจื ืขื ืืืืืช ืืืืืืฅ ืื ืขืจ ืืฆืืช ืืืคื ืืงืืืืฉืื ืืจื ืืฆื ืืื ืืืืชื ืืก ืืื ืืืดืข.",
|
37 |
+
"ืืฉื ืืจืช ืืืื ืฉืืชืขืืฃ ืืขืืื ืื ืืื ืืืืื ืืจืืข ืืืืช.",
|
38 |
+
"ืืฆื ืืื ืืืื ืืืดืข ืืืคืืณ ืืืืดืจ ืืดื ืืืื ืืืื ืืืจื ืืฉืืค.",
|
39 |
+
"ืืฉืืข ืืื ืืืืกืืฃ ืืงื ืืืืื ืืื ืคืืช ืืื ืื ืื ืขืื ืืืื.",
|
40 |
+
"ืืืืขืจื ืืืื ืื ืืคืงืคืืงืื.",
|
41 |
+
"ืื ืืื ืืจื ืืฉืจื.",
|
42 |
+
"ืืขืืื ืื ืืจ ืคืงืื ืืืณ ืฆืืฆืืช ืืกืขืืฃ ืืณ ืืดืฉ ืืืจืืืืช ืืขื ืื ืื ืืชืืฆื ืจื ื ืืช ืืืืดืง.",
|
43 |
+
"(ื) ",
|
44 |
+
"ืืื ืื ืคืฉืื ืืืฆืจืื ืืืณืื ืชืดื ืฉืืชืขืืคืื ืืืืืช ืืืืื ืืคืืณ ืืืื ื ืขื ืืืคืืณ ืืืืจืื ืฉืขืืื ืื ื ืฉืื ืืฉื.",
|
45 |
+
"ืืื ืืื ืื ืืฉืื ื ืฉืื ืขืื ืฉืื ื ืฉื ืืฉื ืืื ื ืืชืขืืฃ ืืืืืช ืืืืื ืืืคืืณ ืืื ืชืดื.",
|
46 |
+
"ืืืื ืืื ืึพืื ืืืขืจื ืฉืืื ืืืื ื ืขื ืืชืขืืคืื ืืืืืช ืืืืื ืจืง ืืชืดื ืชืืคืกื ืืชืืจื.",
|
47 |
+
"ืืืื ืืื ืืืืจื ืืืื ืฉืื ื ืืื.",
|
48 |
+
"(ื) ",
|
49 |
+
"ืืขื ืื ืืจืืืืช ืฉืืฆืืฆืื.",
|
50 |
+
"ืืชื ืืืจืืงืดืฉ ื ื ืฉืื ืื ืืฆืจืื ืืืจืื ืืดื ืืจืืืืช ืืืจืืขื ืืืืจืืก ืืืกืคืจ ืฉื ืืืื ืืดื ืืขืืดืฉ ืืกืืณ ืืืณ.",
|
51 |
+
"ืืืจื ืืกื ืืืื ืืดื ืืชื ืฉืจืื ืืฉ ืืืืืื ืืืจืื ืืดื ืืจืืืืช ืืืจืืขื ืืืืจืืก ืืืืื ืืดื ืืืจืืช ืืขืืณืืฉ.",
|
52 |
+
"ืืื ืืืขืื ืื ืืืืฉ ืืจื ืืดื ืืื ืืืื ืกืืณ ืืดื ืืจืชืื ืืจืดื ืืดื ืืกืืณ ืืดื ืกืขืืฃ ืืดื.",
|
53 |
+
"ืืืืืจื ืืื ืืืืื ืืืฉ ืืขืืช ืื ืกืืณ ืืดื ืืจืืืืช ืืืจืืข ืืืืืจืื ืกืืจื ืืื ืืืืืจ ืจืืฉืื ืืณ ืืืฉื ื ืืณ.",
|
54 |
+
"ืืืฉืืืฉื ืืืณ.",
|
55 |
+
"ืืืจืืืขื ืืดื ืืกืืื ื ืืืดื ืืืื ืดื ืืืจืืดื ืืืืดื ืขืืืื ืืดื ืืื ืืื ืืืืื ืืช ืืืจืืืดื ืืืดืฉ ืืืืืดื ืืดื.",
|
56 |
+
"ืืืคื ืกืืจ ืืจืฅ ื, ื, ืื, ืืดื ืขื ืืฉื ืขืืืื ืืดื ืืื ืื.",
|
57 |
+
"ืืื ืืืื ื ืืขืฉืืช ืืืืืช ืืืืื ืกืืณืืดื ืืจืืืืช ืืืืืืช ืงืื ืืดื ืืจืืืืช ืืืจื ืฉืืื ืืฆื ืืื ืฉืืืื ืืื.",
|
58 |
+
"ืืืดื ืืจื ืืกืดื ืืดื ืืื ืืืืืื ืืืฆืจืื ืจื ืื ืืืจืื ืืณ ืืืืฉืื ืฉืื.",
|
59 |
+
"ืืื ืืฆืืช ืืื ืกืณ ืืจืฅ ืืืืจืืืดื ืืืจืืช ืืืืื.",
|
60 |
+
"ืืกืณ ืืืจืืงืดืฉ ืืืืจืดืฉ ืืืืื ืืดื ืืืืืช ืงืืฅ ืืฉืืข ืืื ืืืืกืืฃ ืืงื.",
|
61 |
+
"(ื)",
|
62 |
+
"ืืืฆืจืื ืจืืื ืืืืื ืืืืืื ืขื ืืฉืืฉืืืฅ ืื ืืืจืืขื ืฆืืฆืืืช ืืฆื ืคื ืืื ืืืืืืช ืืงืืคื ืขื ืฆืืืจื ึพ ืืจืืื ืืืืืืขื ืฉืืคืืืช ืืฉืขืจื ืืขืืืคื. ",
|
63 |
+
"ืืืจื ืืืชืขืืฃ ืื ืจืืฉื ืืจืืื ืืืขืืื ืืฅ ืืื ืืืืื ืืจืืข ืืืืจืช ืืืืดื ืืฉืืฉืื ื ืขื ืืชืคื.",
|
64 |
+
"ืืื ืืก ืืชืืืืช ืืืจืื ืื ืืื ืืงืืคื ืขื ืืชืคื ืืื ืืจืื ืจืืืื ืืืจื ืืืื ืขืืืืฃ.",
|
65 |
+
"ืืื ืืฆืืช ืฆืืฆืืช ืื ืงืืื. ืืืืื ื ืขื ืืกืชืคืงืื ืืืฉืืงืช ืืฆืืฆืืช ืคืขืืื ืืฉืืฉ ืืืื ืืืฉืืื ืืคืืืก ืืช ืืฆืืฆืืืช ืขื ืืฉืจ ืื ืืื ืขืฉื ืื.",
|
66 |
+
"ืืจืืื ืืืืืืื ืืืืฉืื ืืืขืืชื ืฉืื ืืืฉืื ืืืืกืืจ ืืจืื ืืืืื. ืืืดื.",
|
67 |
+
"(ื) ",
|
68 |
+
"ืืืฆืจืื ืืฉืจ ืื ืืืืืกืืช ื ืืืืช ืืืืื ืืื ืืืืืจ ืฉืื ืืืืก ืืืืืื ืืช ืืืืืช ืงืื ืืืืืืจื ืืืจืืงืณืณืฉ ืืกืืณ ืืดื.",
|
69 |
+
"ืืขื ืืจืื ืืืดืง ื ืฉืืชืืก ืืื ืื ืืืืืกืช ืืจืชืืช ืืืชื ืขื ืืื ืืืื ืืืืื ืฆืืฆืืช ืฉืื ืฆืืจ ืืชืืืืฆืื",
|
70 |
+
"ืืขื ืืจืื ื ืืชืืื ืืืช ืืื ืื ืืืืืืช ืื ืืืขื ืื ืื, ืืืฉืจื ืืืืืื ืืืจืืืชืื."
|
71 |
+
],
|
72 |
+
[
|
73 |
+
"( ื )",
|
74 |
+
" ืืื ืื ืคืฉืื ืืืจืฅ ืืฆืจืื ืืืจืื ืืจืฆืืขื ืืณ ืืจืืืืช ืกืืื ืืืจืืข ืงืืื ืื ืืช ืชืคืื ืฉื ืจืืฉ ืืกืณ ืืจืืืดื ืืืดื ืกืืณ ืชืจืืดื.",
|
75 |
+
"ืืื ืืื ืืืชืื ืืืจืืืดื . ืืืื ืื ืืจืฅ ืืฉืจ๏ญ.",
|
76 |
+
"ืขืืื ืืจืืดื ืกืืณ ืืณืณื ืืืช ืืืณืณื.",
|
77 |
+
"ืืื ืคืฉื ืืื ืื ืืืขืช ืืจืดื ืืกื' ืืดื ืกืขืืฃ ืืดื ืืกืดื ืืื ืื ืชืคืื ืฉื ืื ืืืงืฉืืจ.",
|
78 |
+
"ืืงืืื ืืืจืืื ืื ืื ืชืคืื ืฉื ืจืืฉ.",
|
79 |
+
"ืืื ื ืืื ืืื.",
|
80 |
+
"( ื )",
|
81 |
+
"ืืืฆืจืื ืืื ืื ืคืฉืืช ืฉืืื ืืืืฆืื ืืชืคืืืื ืืจืณืณื ืื ืืงืื ืืื ืืฉืดืฅ ืจืง ืืืจ ืืืจืช ืกืดืช ืืืืื.",
|
82 |
+
"ืืืืจ ืืืจ ืืงืืืฉ. ืืืื ืฉืืชื ืืจื ื ืืื ืืืฆืื ืืืืดื ืืจื ืืกืณืณื ืืดื ืืืืืช ืชืคืืืื ืกืณ ืืดื ืืืช ืืณ.",
|
83 |
+
"ืืจืืื ืืฉืดืฅ ืืืืื ืืช ืืจืืื ืฉืื ืืืืจ ืืืชืืื ืชืคืืช ืืืฉ ืขื ืืฉืจ ืืจืื ืืขืื ืื ืฉืจืื ืืฆืืืจ ืืืฆื ืชืคืืืื ืฉืืืืก.",
|
84 |
+
"ืืื ืฉืื ืืชืืื ืืืดื (ืืืดื?) ืืืืจื.",
|
85 |
+
"ืฉืืืืื ืืืืืข ืืขื ืืช ืงืืืฉืช ืืืชืจ ืขืื.",
|
86 |
+
"ืืื ืืืื ืืื ืืืื ืืจืื.",
|
87 |
+
"ืืืืื ืืื ืืืื ืื ืืงื ืืดื.",
|
88 |
+
"( ื )",
|
89 |
+
"ืืืฆืจืื ื ืืื ืืืืืฉ ืชืคืืืื ืืื ืืช ืขืจื ืืื''ื ืืืืช ืืื ืกืช ืืฉ๏ญืชื ืื ืืขื ืืื ืื ืื.",
|
90 |
+
"ืืืืจื ืืกืืืช ืื ืืฉ ืืืืื ื ืขื ืืื ื ืืืื ืืืืช ืืื ืกืช ืืืชืคืื ืื ืื ืืืืื ื ืืจืืื.",
|
91 |
+
"ืืืืืฉืื ืืืืช ืืชืคืืืื ืืืื ืืื ืฉืื ืืืื ืืืื ืืืื ืืกืื ืงืจืงืคืชื ืืื ืื ื ืชืคืืื.",
|
92 |
+
"ืืื ืื ืืขืืืณืณืจ ืืื ืืช ืชืคืืืื ืืื ืืื ืืฉื ื ืื ื ืืื ืืฉื ืงืจืงืคืชื ืืื ืื ื.",
|
93 |
+
"ืืื ืืื ืืชืคืืก ืืจืข ืืืืขืืื ืืืณ ืืืื ืืืคืจ ืืขื.",
|
94 |
+
"ืืฉืืดืจ ืืืดื ืจืืืชื ืืจื ืืืื ืืืื ืืจื ืืืืื ืืืืืจืดืจ ๏ญืืื ืืื ืืฆืดื ืจืดื ืืขื๏ฌฑืดื ืืดื ืืขืดื ืืกืณ ื ืื ืฉืืื ืฉืืืืจ ืขื ืื ืืื ื ืดื ืืืื ื ืืืืดื ืกืขืืฃ ืงืื ืืณ ืฉืืืืืจ ืื ืื ืื ืฉื ืืืืื ืื ืื ๏ฌฑืืืดืง ืืืขื ืืืืืจ ืืืืดืง....",
|
95 |
+
"( ื )",
|
96 |
+
"ืืืฆืจืื ื ืืืืื ืืืื ืืืงืื ืืืืืฉ ืชืคืืืื ืืื ืื ืฉื ืืื ืชืขื ืืช ืฆืืืจ ืฉื ืืจืืข ืฆืืืืช.",
|
97 |
+
" ืืื ืืฆืืชื ืืื ืืขื.",
|
98 |
+
"ืื ืืฉื ืืื ืื ืืื ืืื ืืช ืืื ืืดื ืืืื ืื ืืืื ืชืคืืืื ืืฉืืจืืช ืืื ืืืื ืืืชื ืืื ืื ืืืฉืื ืฉืื ืืืื ืืื ืืื ืชืขื ืืช ื๏ญื ืืชืขื ืืช ืืืจื ืืืช.",
|
99 |
+
"ืืืืื ืืื ืืืืืช ืืืื ืื ืื ืื ื ืื ืืื ืื ืืขื ืื ืืขืื ืคืฉืชื ืืืกืคืืช ืืืงื ืืชืข๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝืืืช ืืฆืืืจ ืืืฅ ืืืณืณื ืืืืืณืณื.",
|
100 |
+
"ืืืฉืืจ ืชืขื ืืืช ืืืืืืื ืืื ืืืืื ืื ืืืฆืื ืืืดื ืืชืขื ืื ืืืืช ืืื ืกืช ืจืคืกืง ืืจืดื ืืกืืณ ืชืงืกืดื ืืืื ืืฉืดืฅ ืืืื ืืืื ืขื ื ื ืืืจืื ืืคืดืข ืืื ืื๏ญ ืืจืืคื.",
|
101 |
+
"ืืืื ืฉืืดืข ืืืจืืดื ืกืืณ ืชืงืกืดื ืกืณืณืง ืืชื ืืฉื ืืจื ืืืจืดื ืืณ ืืืื ืืชืฉืืืืชืื ืืืจืณ ืฆืืืืช ืฉืื ืืืจื ืงืืื ืกืื ืืฉืฉื ืื ืืฉืืขื ืืชืขื ืื ืืืืื ืืืืจ ืขื ื ื ืืืจืื ืืคืณืณืข ืืืืืฆืื ืกืดืช ืืงืจืื ืืืื ืืคืืณ ืื ืืื ืฉื ืืืดื ืืชืขื ืื. ืืขืืดืฉ.",
|
102 |
+
"ืื ืืืื ืฉืฉื ืื ืฉืืขื ืืขืื ื ืืืืืื ืืืขืื ื ืืื ืืืืื ืืืืชื ืืืืจืืจื ืืฉ๏ญื ืขื ืื ืืื ืืืื.",
|
103 |
+
"ืืืืข ืื ืืชืขื ื ืื ืื.",
|
104 |
+
"ืืืืื ืขืดื ืืืืฉืช ืืืืช ืืชืคืืืื ืืื ืืจื ืืืืชื.",
|
105 |
+
"ืื ืืื ืืื ืื ืื ืืืืช ืืชืคืืืื ืืืื ืื ืื ืื ืืืชืขื ื.",
|
106 |
+
"ืืชืืดื ื ืืื ืืืืข ืื ืืฉ ืจืื ืืชืขื ืื. ืืืืช ืืื ืกืช.",
|
107 |
+
"ืืื ืืืื ืชืืงืื ืื ืืืขืื ืจืง ืืื ืื ืืื ืืฉืืจืืช ืื.",
|
108 |
+
"ืืคืฉืจ ืืืฉืืจืืช ืขืืื ืืชืขื ืื ืื ืืืดืฉ ืฉืืืขืื ืื ืื ืื ืืชืขื ืืช ืฆืืืจ ืฉื ืืื ืืฉืืืืื (ืืฉืืืืื?) ืฉื ืืื ืคื ืืฆืจืื ืืืฉืจ ืืชืืืจ ืืขืดื ืืืงืืื.",
|
109 |
+
"ืืฉืจ ืืื ืชืดืฆ ืฉืงืืื ืขืืืื ืืฆืืืจ ืืื ืืืื ื ืืขืื ื ืืืดื ืืชืขื ืื ืืืื.",
|
110 |
+
"ืืื ืืืืจ ืขื ื ื ืืคืดืข ืืืงืจืืช ืืืื.",
|
111 |
+
"ืืืืื ืฉืืื ื ืงืืข ืืื ืื ืืขืืงืจื ืืื ืืื ืฉื ืืฉืจ๏ญ ืชืืื ืืื.",
|
112 |
+
"ืืืืื ืจืืื ืฉืืื ืืขืจืขืจ ืขื ืฉืื ืื ืื ืืืชื ืืงืืจืช ืืกืืื ืืืืดืง.",
|
113 |
+
"( ื )",
|
114 |
+
"ืืื ืืืื ืจืืฉืื ืืกืืจ ืืื ืื ืชืคืืืื ืืื ืืช ืืืื ืืื ืื ืงืืจ ืืฉื ื ืคืฉื ืืื ืื ืฉืื ืืื ืื ืื ืืืื ืืงืืืจื.",
|
115 |
+
"ืืืืืจืืช ืืดืข ืืืืืดืจ ืกืืณ ืงืืณืณื."
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+
],
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+
[
|
301 |
+
"(ื)",
|
302 |
+
"ืืื ืื ืงืืืข ืืื ืืืืืช ืืฆืจืื ืืืื.",
|
303 |
+
"ืืืื ื ืืขืืืณืณื ืืฆืจืื ืืขืืืดื ื ื ืืืื ืืขืดื ืฉืืื ืจืฉืืช ืืฉืื ืืื ืืืื ืื ืฉืืืื ืืกืืจ ืืืคื ืืงืืืืฉืื ืื ืื ืืจื ืืืืดืฅ ืืฉืจ ืืขืืจ.",
|
304 |
+
"ืืืจื ืืื ืืืกืืจ ืืืดืง ืืื ืขืฆืื ืื ืืื ืืืื ืขืดืค ืจืฉืืชื ืืืืืจื.",
|
305 |
+
"ืืืืขืื ืฉื ื ืจืื ื ืงืืืืช ืื ืืณ ืฉืืื ืืืช ืืื ืงืืืข ืืืื ืืืืืจืืช ืื ืืจืื ืืืฉ ืืช ืืื ืืกืืจ ืืืดืง ืืื.",
|
306 |
+
"ืืื ืื ื ืืืคืจืื ืืืืกืื ืชืืช ืืืื.",
|
307 |
+
"ืืืจื ืจืืืดื ืืื ืื ืืชื ืจืฉืืช ืืกืืจ ืืืดืง ืืืื ืืื ื ืืขืืจ ืืืื ืื ืืืคืจ ืืืื ืืืจื ืฉืืงืื ืืืช ืืดื ืืช ืฉืืจื ืืืชืืืืช ืืชืืืื ืืื ืื ืืขืืจ ืืืืง ืืื ืืืืฉืจ ืืืงืืืื ืืืช ืืืืฉืื ืืจืืืื ืืฉืจ ืืงืืดืจ ืงืืฉืื ืืขืดื ืืจืดื.",
|
308 |
+
"ืืืืฉืดื ืืืืืณืณื ืืืืืช ืืืื ืจืื ืกืขืืฃ ืืณ.",
|
309 |
+
"ืืื ืืชืืชื ืืืืืืช ืืชืืืืช ืกืขืืฃ ืืณ ืืืืดืฉ ืืงืดื ืขืชื ืืืจื ืืฉืจ ื ืงืืขื ืืื ืืืืืช ืืฆืจืื ืืงืฆื ืืืื ืืฆืืื ืืขื ืงืฆืื ืืกืืืช ืืืคืงืขืช ืืงืืืืฉืื ืืืคืงืจืช ืืกืคื ืืคืืกืื ืขืืืืื ืืื ืฉืชืจืื ืืงืื ืื ืืกื ืืืกืืื ืื ืฉืืื ืืืื ืฉืืจืืฉืื ืืฉืจ ืืชื ืืื ืืืขื ืืืืื ืืงืืืืฉืื ืืื ืฉืืืื ืืงืืืืฉืื ืืจืฉืืช ืจื ืืขืืจ ืืืดืฉ ืฉื.",
|
310 |
+
"ืืืดื ืืืจืื ืื ืืกืืจ ืืืดืง ืืืชื ืืืืขืชื ืืจื ืืื ืงืืืืฉืื(ื?) ืงืืืืฉืื ืืื ืขื ืฉืืขื ืฉ ืืืช ืืงืืืืช, ืืืืืืฉืื ืื ืื ืงื.",
|
311 |
+
"ืืชืื(ื?)ืดืช ืืฉืจ๏ญ ืงืืืฉืื ืื.",
|
312 |
+
"ืืขืืืื ืืขืื ืืืชืื ืกืืื ืืฉืืฉื ืื.",
|
313 |
+
"ืืฃ ืื ืืืืื ืืืืื ืืืฆืืจื. ืืณ ืืฉืืจื:",
|
314 |
+
"(ื) ...",
|
315 |
+
"ืืขืื ืชืงื ื ืืืืช ืืฆืืชื ืขืชื ืฉืืื ืชืงื ื ืงืืืื ืืืฆืจืื ืืืืจืืช ืงืืืื ืื ืื ืืกืคืจ ืกืืจ ืืืืืื ืืงืืจืืช ืืืืื.",
|
316 |
+
"ืื ืฉืื ืื ืืงืืดืจ ืืื ืืื ืืขืดื (ืืฉืจ ืืืจืชืื ืืขืื ืืืืืืช ืคืืดืจ ืืืืฉืืช ืื ืืื ืืฉืืืืืื ืืืช ืืณ ืืขืืดืฉ) ืฉื ืืืืงืืืื ืืืืจื ืืืกืฃ ืืืจื ืจืณ ืืืกืฃ ืืณ ืืฆืืง ืกืืืจื ืืดื ืืฉืจ ืื ื ืงืืฆื ืืืจืื ืืช ืืฆืจืื ืืจืื ืื ืืืืืช ืจืืื ื ืืจืืืดื ืืดื ืืืืื ืฉื ืืฆื 133 ืืชืื ืืืืจ ืืืดื.",
|
317 |
+
"ืืฉื ืช ืืืฃ ืืชืขืดื ืืฉืืจืืช ืืื ืฉื ืช ืืดื ืืชืชืงืืดื ืืืฆืืจื ืชืงื ื ืจืื ื ืืฆืจืื ืืืืฆืืื ืกืคืจ ืชืืจื ืืจืืื ืืืืจืืื ืขื ืื ืฉื ืืืคืจืื ืืฉืืื ืื ืืืื ืืืจ ืื๏ญืืืื ืืืืณ ืืื ืืฉื ืืื ืืฉื ืืื ืืืจืฉ ืฉืื ืืื ืืช ืืฉืชื ืืืื ืืืคืจืื ืืื ืขืณืณื ืืจืื ืื ืฉืืืคืจื ืืฆืจืื ืืื ืจืณ ืืืคืื ืืืื ืืื ืืืจ.",
|
318 |
+
"ืื ืขืดื ืจืณ ืืืืื ืืืื ืืืื ืืืืืืก.",
|
319 |
+
"ืื ืขืดื ืืณ ืคืจืืื ืืืื ืืืืืื.",
|
320 |
+
"ืืืกืืื ื ืืืืจืื ื ืื ืื ืฉืืชื ืจืฉืืช ืืืื ืฉืืื ื ืืืืข ืืืื ืืืื ืืงืืืืฉืื.",
|
321 |
+
"ืืืื ืื ืืฉืืืฉ ืืืจืื ืฉื ืืืฉ ืืืช ืฉืณ ืืืฃ ืืชืฆืดื ืืฉืืจืืช ืืคืกืืื ืืฆืจืื ืืขื ื ืืจ ื ืืืืก ืืืชืื....",
|
322 |
+
"ืืืื ืืืื ืงืืื ื ืืชืื ื ืืืชืื ื ืขืืื ืืืืื ืืืืืช ืืืจืืื ืืืืจ ืืืื ืืืื ืฉืจืื ืืืจืืจ ืืงืืื:",
|
323 |
+
"ืืฉื ืืจ ืืืืืื ืืฆืืง ืืจ ืฉืฉืื ืฉืื๏ญ ืืจ ืกืขืืื ืื ืฉื ืืจ ืืืกืฃ",
|
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+
"ืืืื ืืืื ืืืื ืืืื",
|
325 |
+
"(ืืืดื ืืืฃ ืืชืขืดื ืืฉืขืจืืช ืฉืืชืื ืืจืืฉืื ื ืืดืก ืืื ืืฆืดื ืืืฃ ืืชืฆืดื ืืฉืืจืืช ืืืชืื ืืืืจืื ื. ืืื ืืดื ืชืชืงืืดื ืืืฆืืจื ืืดืก ืืฆืดื ืชืชืงืืดื. ืืืืดื ืื ืืชืืื ืืฉืืื ืืฉืืจืืช ืขื ืฉื ืืช ืืืฆืืจื ืืืืืข ืืื ืฉืืงื ืืืฉืืื ื. ืืขืืื ืืืกืืช ืขืดื ืืดื ืขืดื ืืืืจื ืืจืดืค ืืคืืจืฉื ืฉื ืืืืฃ ืืดืจ ืขืดื ืจืฉืดื ืืดื ืืืชืืืืื ืืืื ื ืืขืืดืฉ ืืชืืฆื ืฉืืืฉืืื ืืืืืืง ืืืฉืจ ืืชืืชื ืฉืฉื ืช ืืดื ืชืชืงืืดื ืืื ืฉื ืช ืืืฃ ืืชืฆืดื ืืฉืืจืืช ืืคืฉืื):",
|
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+
"ืืจืืช ืืืขืช ืื ืชืงื ื ืื ืฉืื ืืฉื ืืื ืืฉื ืืื ืืคืจื ืืฆืจืื ืื ืื ืขืดื ืืืืื ืืื ืชืงื ื ืงืืืื ืืืืืช ืืจืืืดื ืืฉืื ืืชืช ืจืฉืืช ืืืื ืืื ืื ืื ืืืืื ื ืืืืื ื ืืขื ืืฆืจืื ืขืฆืื ืืื ืฆืืจื ืืืืืืจ ืื ืื ืืื ืจืืื ื ืืจืืืดื ืืืืืื ืืืขืฆืื ืืื ืืืื ืืชืืื ืืื ืืจืื ืื ืืกืืจ ืงืืืืฉืื ืืืฅ ืืื ื. ืื ืืืฅ ืืืืืื ืื ืืฉืจ ืืชื ืืืดืค . ืืฉืืข ืืื ืื ืชืงื ืืช ืืฆืจืื ืืกืืืชื ืืืจืจื ืงืืฉ. ืืืืดืง :"
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]
|
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],
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"Chapter",
|
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"Halakhah"
|
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]
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+
}
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json/Halakhah/Acharonim/Shabbat HaAretz/English/Rav Kook's Introduction to Shabbat Ha'aretz, trans. by Julian Sinclair Hazon, NY 2014.json
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|
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"language": "en",
|
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"title": "Shabbat HaAretz",
|
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|
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|
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|
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|
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|
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+
"Introduction": [
|
23 |
+
"A summary of the value of shmita and yovel in the life of the Jewish people generally and in the revival of the nation, the life, and the Torah, in the light of God, Life of the World",
|
24 |
+
"Who is like Your people Israel, a unique nation on earth? (2 Sam. 7:23)",
|
25 |
+
"โWho is like your people Israel, a unique nation on earth?โ When they are united with the land, they are called a unique nation, but not when they are separate from it. (Zohar, Leviticus 93b) <sup class=\"footnote-marker\">1</sup><i class=\"footnote\">In choosing this quotation from the Zohar, the classic work of Jewish mysti-cism, as the epigram for his book about shmita, Rav Kook suggests that the uniqueness of the Jewish people is fully manifested only when they are living on their land and practicing the laws that regulate life in harmony with the earthโshmita foremost among them.</i>",
|
26 |
+
"The sabbatical and Jubilee years are interconnected in time,<sup class=\"footnote-marker\">2</sup><i class=\"footnote\">In Leviticus 25, the primary biblical source for shmita, the sabbatical and Jubilee years are interconnected parts of a fifty-year cycle; see Lev. 25:2โ10.</i> like the sun and the moon in the universe, like Israel and humanity in the world of souls.<sup class=\"footnote-marker\">3</sup><i class=\"footnote\">Rav Kook alludes here to the foundational kabbalistic notion of <i>ashan</i>, an acronym of <i>olam</i>, <i>shana</i>, <i>nefesh</i>, or world, time, and soul, the three dimensions that shape the finite world. The concept of <i>ashan</i> first appears in <i>Sefer Yet-zirah</i>, the oldest extant work of Jewish mysticism, references to which occur in texts from the first century (see <i>Sefer Yetzirah</i> 4:7โ4:14, trans. Aryeh Ka-plan [York Beach, Me.: Samuel Weiser, 1990]). Rav Kookโs otherwise rather enigmatic reference to the sun and moon as instances of the particular and the universal appears to refer back to <i>Sefer Yetzirah</i> 4:7. See <i>Orot hakodesh</i> (Jerusalem: Mossad Harav Kook, 1938, 1985), 2:313, for an expanded expla-nation of Rav Kookโs understanding of the holiness inherent in these three basic dimensions of existence.</i> The particular and the universal are profoundly interdependent in the most vital and spiritual sense; the particular needs the universal, and the universal needs the particular.<sup class=\"footnote-marker\">4</sup><i class=\"footnote\">The interdependence of the particular and the universal is a major theme in Rav Kookโs writings. For an especially penetrating discussion of the relation-ship between these poles of Rav Kookโs thought, see Yehudah Mirsky, <i>Rav Kook: Mystic in a Time of Revolution</i> (New Haven, Conn.: Yale University Press, 2014), 107โ11. See also the introduction to this volume, p. 51.</i>",
|
27 |
+
"โFor what great nation is there that has a God so close at hand?โ<sup class=\"footnote-marker\">5</sup><i class=\"footnote\">Deut. 4:7. Note that elsewhere, Rav Kook cites this biblical passage explicitly in the context of elaborating the goal of creating an exemplary and enlight-ened socioeconomic order in Israel. E.g., โIn order to fulfill this aspiration, it is particularly necessary that this community possess a political and social state and national sovereignty at the peak of human cultureโโsurely a wise and understanding people is this great nationโโ (Deut. 4:6), <i>Orot</i> (Jerusalem: Mossad Harav Kook, 1993), 104.</i> What is remarkable about the Jewish people is its ability to view existence through the lens of holiness;<sup class=\"footnote-marker\">6</sup><i class=\"footnote\">Holiness is a central concept in Rav Kookโs thought. For an insightful discussion, see Norman Lamm, โHarmonism, Novelty and the Sacred,โ in <i>Rabbi Abraham Isaac Kook and Jewish Spirituality</i>, ed. Lawrence J. Ka-plan and David Schatz (New York: New York University Press, 1995), 159โ77; see also the introduction to this volume, p.48.</i> it knows, with the full force of its being, that life has the greatest value to the extent that it is infused by godliness and that a life without a touch of the divine is not worth anything. Even more than that, they know that a godly life is true life, and life without God is no life at all. This knowledge, lying deep within the peopleโs soul, gives it a unique character and impresses itself on each and every one of her individual members. The light and salvation of each person depends on the depth and force of this imprinting awareness that the value of life is in its godliness. โAnd you, who held fast to the Lord your God, are all alive today.โ<sup class=\"footnote-marker\">7</sup><i class=\"footnote\">Deut. 4:4.</i>",
|
28 |
+
"Life in its fullest, divine intensity is increasingly revealed to a person to the extent that he struggles to aspire with all his being to connect to the inner life of the people as a whole and to be illuminated by the light of its exalted spirit; the spirit lives through a pervasive inner awareness of the precious godliness in life.",
|
29 |
+
"The essential quality of the Jewish peopleโs collective soul is its divine nature.<sup class=\"footnote-marker\">8</sup><i class=\"footnote\">Rav Kook uses the word <i>neshama</i> here for โsoul.โ This is the highest of the three levels of soul that are commonly discussed by the kabbalists: <i>nefesh</i>,<i> ruaแธฅ</i>, and <i>neshama</i>. See the introduction to this volume, p. 53.</i> The people did not gain this characteristic<sup class=\"footnote-marker\">9</sup><i class=\"footnote\">The nature of the Jewish peopleโs difference from other nations is a classic issue in Jewish thought; the key medieval protagonists were Yehuda Halevi and Maimonides. See introduction to this volume for further discussion of Rav Kookโs relation to their views, p.52.</i> through its choices, actions, righteousness, or good character. It is a core quality, both physical and spiritual, that gives the people divine force and strength. It was not acquired through choice, and no choices can negate it. Choices, however, can powerfully affect the state of this innate quality.<sup class=\"footnote-marker\">10</sup><i class=\"footnote\">Rav Kook expresses here in brief his view that the holiness of Israel depends on two main elements: an innate <i>segula</i>, or soul force; and the choices to do good or bad that each of us makes. He believed that the <i>segula</i> force was the greater and that it would grow stronger still in the period of the โfootsteps of the Messiah.โ See <i>Igerot hareโaya</i> 2:186โ88 (Jerusalem: Mossad Harav Kook, 2002), for an expanded discussion of this. For a good English summary, see Michael Z. Nehorai, โHalakhah, Meta-Halakhah, and the Redemption of Israel: Reflections on the Rabbinic Rulings of Rav Kook,โ in <i>Rabbi Abraham Isaac Kook and Jewish Spirituality</i>, ed. Kaplan and Schatz, 122โ24.</i> The people can decide to nurture, develop, and perfect it; alternatively, bad choices will darken its light, muddy its glow, and stupefy hearts so that they will no longer sense the spiritual riches hidden in the life of the soul. But darkness and stupefaction cannot continue indefinitely. Sooner or later, this inner soul treasure can be relied upon to arouse the nation to renewal.<sup class=\"footnote-marker\">11</sup><i class=\"footnote\">The inevitability of spiritual renewal is a theme of Rav Kookโs book on re-pentance, <i>Orot hateshuva</i> (Jerusalem: Rabbi Kook Institute, 1994). See e.g., chap. 1, where repentance is described as a natural health-restoring impulse; 4:2, where the repentance of the individual is an expression of a movement toward <i>teshuva</i> active in the whole universe; and 16:10, where the individualโs <i>teshuva</i> is presented as a return to authentic selfhood.</i>",
|
30 |
+
"This national treasure that is imprinted deep within us, the image of a world that is good, upright, and godlyโ aligned with peace, justice, grace, and courage, all filled with a pervasive divine perspective that rests in the spirit of the peopleโcannot be actualized within a way of life that is purely secular. Such a life, full of frenetic action, veils the glory of our divine soul, and the soulโs clear light is blocked from shining through the overpowering, mundane reality. The impulse toward growth and self-realization needs space to come to fruition. We need to stop and shake off the bedlam of our daily lives.",
|
31 |
+
"The individual shakes off mundane routine frequentlyโ every week. โShabbat comes and so does rest!โ<sup class=\"footnote-marker\">12</sup><i class=\"footnote\">Rashi on Gen. 2:2. Rashiโs full comment reads: โWhat was lacking [in Cre-ation]? Rest. Enter Sabbath, enter rest; and then the work of Creation was finished.โ Creation was not complete until rest was made to complement and balance creative activity.</i> The soul begins to shed her harsh chains. โThe Lord has given you rest from your sorrow and trouble and from the hard service that you were made to serve.โ<sup class=\"footnote-marker\">13</sup><i class=\"footnote\">Isa. 14:3.</i> The soul then seeks higher pathways of spiritual desire that are consonant with the nature of her source. โIt is good to praise the Lord, to sing hymns to Your name, O Most High, to proclaim Your steadfast love at daybreak, Your faithfulness each night with a ten-stringed harp with voice and lyre together.โ<sup class=\"footnote-marker\">14</sup><i class=\"footnote\">Ps. 92:1โ4. This is the โPsalm for the Sabbath Day.โ</i> โIt shall be a sign for all time between me and the people of Israel.โ<sup class=\"footnote-marker\">15</sup><i class=\"footnote\">Exod. 31:17.</i> This is a holy day when the innate inclination of the people for a godly life emerges from its hiddenness and is a sign for the people that its soul treasure contains within it the need and the ability to rejoice in God, in the delight of the divine. This is concentrated in the point of the extra soul<sup class=\"footnote-marker\">16</sup><i class=\"footnote\">Rav Kook refers to the โextra soulโ that, according to tradition, Jews possess on the Sabbath. The talmudic source is Beitza 16a, which in-terprets the words <i>shavat vayinafash</i> (Exod. 31:17) as <i>Vay nefesh!</i> (โAlas for the soul that is lost!โโ at the end of Sabbath). Interpretations of this idea have ranged from the more rational, e.g., Ibn Ezra and Radak, who argue that the soul that โis given rest on this day from the affairs of the world can occupy itself with wisdom and the words of Godโ (commentary to Gen. 2:3), to the more mystical, e.g., Naแธฅmanides, who takes issue with Ibn Ezra and writes that โalthough his view of this is right to those who believe in it, for this is not something that can be tested by experience, โฆ nonetheless you must understand that on the Sabbath, there is in truth an additional soul.โ (See also Zohar II 204aโb.) Rav Kook draws on elements of both schools here in understanding the โextra soulโ as something that is always within us that we are able to access on Sabbath when the rush of weekday activity is stilled.</i> that dwells within each one of the peopleโs children.",
|
32 |
+
"What Sabbath does for the individual, shmita does for the nation as a whole. The Jewish people, in whom the godly, creative force is planted eternally and distinctively, has a special need to periodically reveal the divine light within itself with full intensity. Our mundane lives, with their toil, anxiety, anger, and competition do not entirely suffocate this creative force. On the shmita, our pure, inner spirit may be revealed as it truly is. The forcefulness that is inevitably part of our regular, public lives lessens our moral refinement. There is always a tension between the ideal of listening to the voice inside us that calls us to be kind, truthful, and merciful, and the conflict, compulsion, and pressure to be unyielding that surround buying, selling, and acquiring things.<sup class=\"footnote-marker\">17</sup><i class=\"footnote\">There is a note of suspicion about commerce in this passage. For a discussion of Rav Kookโs relationship to socialist thought, see Shalom Rosenberg, โIntroduction to the Thought of Rav Kook,โ in <i>The World of Rav Kookโs Thought</i>, ed. Benjamin Ish-Shalom and Shalom Rosenberg (Jerusalem: Avi Chai, 1991), 59โ61. See also the introduction to this volume, p.49.</i> These aspects of the world of action distance us from the divine light and prevent its being discerned in the public life of the nation. This distancing also permeates the morality of individuals like poison. Stilling the tumult of social life from time to time in certain predictable ways is meant to move this nation, when it is well-ordered, to rise toward an encounter with the heights of its other, inner moral and spiritual life.<sup class=\"footnote-marker\">18</sup><i class=\"footnote\">Cf. Rav Kookโs idea of โthe continuous prayer of the soulโ: the soul is always praying (i.e., yearning to unite with God). When we consciously pray, we rise to an encounter with the soul that is praying constantly (<i>Olat hareโaya</i>, 1:1).</i> They touch the divine qualities inside them that transcend all the stratagems of the social order and that cultivate and elevate our social arrangements, bringing them toward perfection.",
|
33 |
+
"โJust as it was said about the Sabbath of creation, โit is a Sabbath for God,โ so, too, it was said about the Sabbath of shmita, โit is a Sabbath for God.โ โ<sup class=\"footnote-marker\">19</sup><i class=\"footnote\">Rashiโs commentary on Lev. 25:2.</i> The distinctive character of the people and the land dovetail with each other. Just as the people has a special aptitude for reaching spiritual heights from within the depths of everyday life, so, too, the landโGodโs landโforms the people who dwell there as an everlasting inheritance that comes through a covenant and promise, with faith in the Eternal One of Israel, and is founded on the divine nature immovably infused in this wonderful country, which is married to the people whom God chose. The soul of the people and the land intertwine, working from the basis of their being to bring into existence the intricate patterns of inner holiness that lie within them during the sabbatical year. The people works with its soul force on the land, and the divine seed is revealed through its spiritual influence; the land, too, works on the people, refining their character in line with the divine desire for life inherent in their makeup.",
|
34 |
+
"The people and the land both need a year of Sabbath!",
|
35 |
+
"A year of peace and quiet, where there are no tyrants or taskmasters; โhe shall not oppress his fellow or kinsman, for the remission proclaimed is of the Lordโ;<sup class=\"footnote-marker\">20</sup><i class=\"footnote\">Deut. 15:2. The verse quoted refers to the remission of debts in the shmita and prohibits creditors from exacting payment from debtors.</i> a year of equality and relaxation in which the soul may expand toward the uprightness of God, who sustains all life with loving-kindness; a year when there is no private property and no standing on oneโs rights, and a godly peace will pervade all that breathes. โIt shall be a year of complete rest for the land, but you may eat whatever the land will produce during its Sabbathโyou, your male and female slaves, the hired and bound laborers who live with you, and your cattle and the beasts on your land may eat all its yield.โ<sup class=\"footnote-marker\">21</sup><i class=\"footnote\">Lev. 25:5โ7.</i> Pernickety claims to private property will not profane the holiness of the produce of the land during this year, and the urge to get rich, which is stimulated by trade, will be forgotten; as it says, โfor you to eatโbut not for your trade.โ<sup class=\"footnote-marker\">22</sup><i class=\"footnote\">Mishnah, Sheviโit 7:3. In this passage, Rav Kook draws on a series of halakhic midrashim based on a phrase from Lev. 25:6, โfor you to eat,โ which is inter-preted to exclude making use of food grown in the Land of Israel during the shmita for purposes other than eating.</i> A spirit of generosity will rest on all; God will bless the fruit of the land โfor you to eat and not your loss.โ Human beings will return to a state of natural health, so that they will not need healing for sicknesses, which mostly befall us when the balance of life is destroyed and our lives are distanced from the rhythms of nature; โfor you to eatโ but not to make medicine and not to use as bandages.<sup class=\"footnote-marker\">23</sup><i class=\"footnote\">Talmud Bavli, Sukkah 40a. See the introduction to this volume for further discussion of Rav Kookโs astonishing claim that shmita will promote a natu-ral state of human health that will make medicine unnecessary.</i> A holy spirit will be poured out upon all life; โit will be a year of complete rest for the landโa Sabbath of the Lord.โ<sup class=\"footnote-marker\">24</sup><i class=\"footnote\">Lev. 25:4โ5.</i>",
|
36 |
+
"In this year, the divine character within the people will be revealed in its glory. This once-every-seven-year illumination carries an afterglow of divine ideals that will gradually shape our ethical characters so that the outlook that flows from them will become a deeper and more formative part of us, until a longer, significant period has elapsedโenough to raise up not merely individuals<sup class=\"footnote-marker\">25</sup><i class=\"footnote\">As does the Sabbath.</i>โor just the collective in a particular generation<sup class=\"footnote-marker\">26</sup><i class=\"footnote\">As does the shmita.</i> but all the generations that lived during that period. The Jubilee is a time of rebirth for the whole world, grounded in divine freedom.",
|
37 |
+
"Life during the shmita year is guided by the natural, inner desire for goodness and justice, equality, and calm, which God has planted within the nation. The people did not become like this by imitating something external; it is part of its nature. When this inner life starts to reveal itself in all its purity, it does not stand still. It is expansive and generous, seeking the power to act and to influence its surroundings. Israelโs inner nature soaks up the elevating power of its good choices, which restore our lives and the pure penitence that reconnects us to the source of the Jewish peopleโs inner strength. Holiness grows throughout these spans of time: โCount the shmita years in order to sanctify the Jubilees,โ<sup class=\"footnote-marker\">27</sup><i class=\"footnote\">Talmud Bavli, Arakhin 32b. The Talmud describes here how the advent of the Jubilee was to be calculated.</i> to prepare life for the Jubilee. โAnd you shall count off seven weeks of seven yearsโseven times seven yearsโso that the period of seven weeks of seven years gives you a total of forty-nine years.โ<sup class=\"footnote-marker\">28</sup><i class=\"footnote\">Lev. 25:8.</i> Shmita will suckle from the life channels of the Jubilee, which will gradually rise and spread, until they give shape to the life of the people. From those sources will the shmita be filled with a wholesome and invigorating glow that will arise out of the yearning for a divine order that fills all existence and not merely its own inner being.",
|
38 |
+
"The spirit of the Jubilee will gather great strength, until it has sufficient potency not only to reveal the goodness within the soul of the people and protect its form of life, as does the shmita, but also to fix the crookedness and brokenness of the past and to reestablish the peopleโs existence on its original pattern. It can restore a pristine freshness to our lives, not only through what is already present, albeit hidden in our souls, but also through what is being prepared to reveal itself and illuminate us by the power of our free choice to do what is goodโwhich must awaken in the exalted Jubilee year.",
|
39 |
+
"In these years, when its inner character is being revealed, the nation gives a sign that it is preparing itself for an even higher level; one that can lead to a keen awareness of the godliness in life. The awakening of such awareness heralds a new spirit that announces great things: โThen you shall sound the horn loud; in the seventh month on the tenth day of the monthโthe Day of Atonementโ you shall have the horn sounded throughout your land,โ<sup class=\"footnote-marker\">29</sup><i class=\"footnote\">Lev. 25:9.</i> and a godly spirit of general forgiveness, such as the individual experiences on Yom Kippur, will arise through the holiness of the Jubilee and spread throughout the entire society, clothing the whole people in a spirit of repentance and acquittal that will straighten out the injustices of the preceding period: โYou shall proclaim release throughout the land for all its inhabitants.โ<sup class=\"footnote-marker\">30</sup><i class=\"footnote\">Lev. 25:10.</i> From Rosh Hashanah until Yom Kippur, slaves would neither become free to go home, nor would they remain slaves to their masters, but they would eat, drink, and rejoice with crowns on their heads. When Yom Kippur would arrive, the <i>beit din</i> would sound the shofar, slaves would be free to go home, and fields would return to their original owners.<sup class=\"footnote-marker\">31</sup><i class=\"footnote\">Talmud Bavli, Rosh Hashanah 8b. See the introduction to this volume for a discussion of Rav Kookโs original reading of this talmudic passage.</i> This freedom does not erupt like some volcano; it emerges gradually from the higher holiness. It is not a radical exception to the regular social order but flows from within it, nurtured by the life of the shorter, preceding periods until, reinforced by the revelation of our choices for good, it has the power to repair past injustices.",
|
40 |
+
"If individuals fall from the status of free men and women and, forgetting their inherent nobility, are made into servantsโโthe ear that heard the words at Sinai, โthe children of Israel are My servantsโ<sup class=\"footnote-marker\">32</sup><i class=\"footnote\">Lev. 25:55.</i>โ<i>My servants, and not the servants of My servants</i>โโand yet in spite of this he<i> </i>went and acquired a human master for himself<sup class=\"footnote-marker\">33</sup><i class=\"footnote\">Talmud Bavli, Kiddushin 22b. The Talmud here censures the Hebrew slave referred to in Exod. 21:6, who elects to remain a slave beyond the mandatory period. His choice shows that he has not internalized the innate freedom and dignity that attaches to being a servant of God, not of man. Rav Kook understands the return of each person to his ancestral land as the remedy for the indignity of selling oneself as a slave.</i>โnow his freedom and self-respect are returned to him. Holiness flows into our lives from the highest source, the place from which the nationโs soul suckles light and โfreedom is proclaimed throughout the land to all its inhabitants.โ<sup class=\"footnote-marker\">34</sup><i class=\"footnote\">Lev. 25:10.</i> Inequality in landed property, which resulted from bodily and spiritual weakness and error, sapped his strength, until he was forced to sell his ancestral patrimony. Now, however, restitution comes, corresponding to the peopleโs status at the beginning of its journey. The original property returns to those who have suffered from the vicissitudes of life, distorting their sense of their true value: โIn this Jubilee, everyone shall return to his original holdings.โ<sup class=\"footnote-marker\">35</sup><i class=\"footnote\">Lev. 25:13.</i>",
|
41 |
+
"Such life-affirming flights of possibility will raise the people up to bind its life together with that of all humanity through those special people, the <i>gerim toshavim</i>โnon-Jews who stand fully in the mainstream of universal humanity and who also feel a special connection to the reinvigorated spiritual aspirations of the Jewish people; then there will arise an inner urge in the people to rein in the separatist element within itself so as to properly highlight the brilliant illumination of the universal: โThe law of a Hebrew servant and the law of the <i>ger toshav</i> operate only when the Jubilee operates.โ<sup class=\"footnote-marker\">36</sup><i class=\"footnote\">Talmud Bavli, Arakhin 29a. See the introduction to this volume for a short discussion of how Rav Kook reads this talmudic passage and the universal aspects of the Jubilee.</i>",
|
42 |
+
"All these are signs of a spiritual vitality that this people will manifest when a divine sense of morality is alive within them. They will emerge from the complexity of the nationโs political situation in its full richness, โwhen all its inhabitants are living there.โ<sup class=\"footnote-marker\">37</sup><i class=\"footnote\">Talmud Bavli, Arakhin 32b. The Talmud sets โwhen all its inhabitants are liv-ing thereโ as a condition for the observance of the Jubilee year. This is inferred from the verse referring to the Jubilee โfreedom is proclaimed throughout the land to <i>all its inhabitants</i>โ (Lev. 25:10), i.e., the Jubileeโs proclamation of freedom may occur only when all the landโs inhabitants are living on it. Rav Kook understands that the fulfillment of this condition effects a qualitative change in the peopleโs political situation.</i> Thus will the people find a way to reveal an awareness of the godly integrity that stands above its innate quality, that is already within it, and that protects the peopleโs purposes so that they do not decline or disappear entirely.",
|
43 |
+
"When corrupted choice darkens the light of the life of โbroad spaces by the river,โ<sup class=\"footnote-marker\">38</sup><i class=\"footnote\">Hebrew, <i>reแธฅovot hanahar</i>: a kabbalistic term based on Gen. 36:37, meaning the broadening of wisdom. Rabbi Schneur Zalman of Liadi, the founder of Chabad, characterizes <i>reแธฅovot hanahar</i> as the spreading of the kabbalistic <i>sefi-ra</i> of <i>แธฅokhma</i> (wisdom), which he likens to a wellspring, into the <i>sefira</i> of <i>bina</i> (intellect), which he compares to a river (<i>Likutei Torah</i>, <i>Shir hashirim</i> 39b).</i> which grows and overspills the borders of Israel, such choice mars the foundation of Israelโs natural excellenceโthough it cannot destroy it. But it can plunge that treasure deep, deep down into the depths, until it disappears for a long time, eons and eons. The people will long for light, when there is none, until the time of the End.",
|
44 |
+
"The Torah, with its ideas, statutes, and laws, for the life of the individual and the community, is a clear glass, in which all the spiritual qualities of the people are reflectedโwhether the natural, intrinsic impulses that are expressed in observance of shmita, or the higher, divine spirit of the Jubilee, which is manifested through the peopleโs choices. So long as the Torah is observed, both in letter and in spirit, in the people, the land, and in the way society is ordered, it gives strength to the nation. The reenergizing closeness to God will then thrill the life soul of the people and bring joy to the heart of each individual. The light of faith will stream through the consciousness of the people from its natural, distinctive spirit; the refinements of this spirit that take place generation by generation will adorn the people, dedicated, as they are, to salvation from time immemorial, and these refinements will train the peopleโs unique, divine consciousness according to its individual character. This distinctive awareness will continually do its work, and will in turn be worked upon by the universal good of divine light. This light sharpens our awareness and stamps upon it its particular form, enabling it to fill up all the recesses of spirit and soul with pure feelings and upright joy, which are founded eternally on divine delight, which saves one from all despair and raises up everlasting salvation.<sup class=\"footnote-marker\">39</sup><i class=\"footnote\">The second half of this paragraph is especially unclear.</i>",
|
45 |
+
"The people rises to these levels when it knows its own particular spirit. This self-knowledge allows the people to be crowned with the divine Torah that stands at the summit of the world. However inhospitable, or even hostile, the surroundings are to the godly heights for which Israel yearns, she will not be caught in their snares but will go confidently on her way. Then her natural inner character and the splendor of her power of moral choice will be awakened. The shmita and the Jubilee will adorn her, and the land will respond to the people, with all the spiritual goodness that is within her, attuned to the joy of shmita and the Jubilee. โI will ordain my blessing for you in the sixth year so that it shall yield a crop sufficient for three years.โ<sup class=\"footnote-marker\">40</sup><i class=\"footnote\">Lev. 25:21. The verse promises Godโs blessing on the sixth year so that the shmita will not cause shortage or hardship.</i> โThe pasturelands distill it; the hills are girded with joy. The meadows are clothed with flocks, the valleys mantled with grain; they raise a shout, they break into song.โ<sup class=\"footnote-marker\">41</sup><i class=\"footnote\">Ps. 65:13โ14. The antecedent of โitโ in the previous verse (65:12) is โGodโs bounty.โ Rav Kook cites this verse as an image of blessing and plenty.</i>",
|
46 |
+
"When Israelโs awareness of its own spirit became foggyโโIsrael rejects what is goodโ<sup class=\"footnote-marker\">42</sup><i class=\"footnote\">Hosea 8:3. See also <i>Orot hakodesh</i>, 3:140, where Rav Kook cites the same biblical verse to connote the spurningโby the individual or communityโof oneโs unique, divine source of being.</i>โthe people forgot its strength and pride. Looking superficially at their undeveloped and wild environment made them forget their inner greatness. The yearning for a refined, godly life slipped from their hearts, as did the sense of joyful strength that one has when life is clothed in deeds. Clear, simple, pure-hearted understanding ceased, and the light of justice was dimmed. In its place came the coarse imagination of a lawless society, and the dumb, evil delusions of idolatry, with all its attendant abominations. Under their burden, the sublime, divine character of the people was smothered, and there were no more pure, upright, and serene hearts. This moral collapse in the nation was matched by a decline in the spiritual character of the land, which had always been intertwined with the moral life of the people. As the people became spiritually weaker, the special qualities of the land could no longer find fulfillment. The spirit of the precious land, full of holy song and godly gladness, plummeted. โThus the land became defiled; and I called it to account for its iniquity, and the land spewed out its inhabitants.โ<sup class=\"footnote-marker\">43</sup><i class=\"footnote\">Lev. 18:25.</i> The people absorbed bad influences, which coarsened its pure nature.",
|
47 |
+
"โIn that their mother has played the harlot, she that conceived them has acted shamelessly.โ<sup class=\"footnote-marker\">44</sup><i class=\"footnote\">Hosea 2:7. The prophet compares Israelโs pursuit of idolatry to an adulterous womanโs pursuit of lovers.</i> Even the most holy images engraved on the face of the people became toxic: โYour new moons and fixed seasons fill me with loathing. They have become a burden to me, and I cannot endure them.โ<sup class=\"footnote-marker\">45</sup><i class=\"footnote\">Isa. 1:7. In this passage, God rejects the peopleโs ritual worship when their moral life is full of oppression and cruelty.</i> When national life became defiled, the power of ethics increased,<sup class=\"footnote-marker\">46</sup><i class=\"footnote\">This statement might appear paradoxical in the context of a passage about the moral collapse of the people. The meaning appears to be that, with the decline of the national, political life of the Jewish people, there were outbursts of moral intensity, but these were unsustainable in the absence of supporting political institutions. Rav Kook may have been thinking of a phenomenon analogous to the proliferation of ascetic Jewish sects toward the end of the Second Temple period.</i> but with the surrounding political turmoil, the result was simply inner anguish and confusion. These two elementsโthe people and the land, which, when healthy, had given each other so much grace and power for goodโmade each other sicker and more corrupt. Finally, they had to take the cruel-kind medicine, the dreadful surgical operation of separating the people from the landโโBecause of our sins, we were exiled from our country and distanced from our land.โ<sup class=\"footnote-marker\">47</sup><i class=\"footnote\">Taken from the <i>musaf</i> prayer for the new moon and festivals.</i>",
|
48 |
+
"From deep within the peopleโs terrible troubles, after their turbulent national life with all its destructive turmoil had been taken away from them, their spiritual light and strength began gradually to return to the levels from which it had declined. The peopleโs spirit began to soar again, the longer they were separated from politics and statecraftโwhich are poisonous to a broken society. โI stipulated with her: in return, you will go a long time without either fornicating or marrying; even I shall not cohabit with you. For the Israelites shall go a long time without king and without officials, without sacrifice and without cult pillars and without ephod and teraphim.โ<sup class=\"footnote-marker\">48</sup><i class=\"footnote\">Hosea 3:2. In this passage, the betrayed husband takes back his previously unfaithful wife, giving her merely โfifteen pieces of silver, a <i>แธฅomer</i> of barley, and a <i>letekh</i> of barley.โ Similarly, God resumes his intimacy with the Jewish people but removes from them the trappings of national sovereignty, which had aided their betrayal.</i> โIn that day, I will destroy the horses in your midst and wreck your chariots. I will destroy the cities of your land and demolish all your fortresses. I will destroy the sorcery you practice, and you shall have no more soothsayers. I will destroy your idols and the sacred pillars in your midst; and no more shall you bow down to the work of your hands.โ<sup class=\"footnote-marker\">49</sup><i class=\"footnote\">Mic. 5:9โ12.</i>",
|
49 |
+
"โI will make the land desolate, so that your enemies who settle in it shall be appalled by it. And you, I will scatter among the nations, and I will unsheathe the sword against you. Your land shall become a desolation and your cities a ruin. Then shall the land make up for its Sabbath years, throughout the time that it is desolate and you are in the land of your enemies; then shall the land rest and make up for its Sabbath years. Throughout the time that it is desolate, it shall observe the rest that it did not observe in your Sabbath years while you were dwelling upon it.โ<sup class=\"footnote-marker\">50</sup><i class=\"footnote\">Lev. 26:32โ35. These verses imply that exile was the punishment for not ob-serving shmita; during the years of dispersion, the land will make up for the sabbaticals that were not properly kept while the Jewish people dwelled in the land.</i>",
|
50 |
+
"โFor the land shall be forsaken of them, making up for its Sabbath years by being desolate of them, while they atone for their iniquity; for the abundant reason that they rejected My rules and spurned My laws.โ<sup class=\"footnote-marker\">51</sup><i class=\"footnote\">Lev. 26:43.</i>",
|
51 |
+
"In exile, Israel abandoned its preoccupation with secular matters that concerned the people as a whole, and turned its eyes and hearts toward heaven. It stopped trying to amass power, chariots, and horses like every other people on earth, and the nation as a collective ceased all materialist pursuits. It no longer desired the debaucheries of the surrounding peoples. The spirit of God began to beat within the people once again and to awaken them to know the true heights of the human soul. So, too, they became aware once more of the Jewish peopleโs spiritual potential. The Torah became more precious to them โthan gold, than much fine gold,โ<sup class=\"footnote-marker\">52</sup><i class=\"footnote\">Ps. 19:11.</i> as it had been in the good times of the peopleโs youth. They were willing to accept death joyfully for the sake of their holy faith and commandments. Their eyes and hearts, which were habitually cast heavenward, began to recuperate<sup class=\"footnote-marker\">53</sup><i class=\"footnote\">See Jer. 8:22.</i> from the backslidings and sins of their national life. From the time they were separated from the land, they turned toward itโnot with the greedy gaze of one who sits in his house and desires to reacquire the land that he had sold because it supplied him with bread and other physical needs, but rather with a look of holy love for its inner character, befitting the godly desire that had begun to return to the people.",
|
52 |
+
"So the land will shake off the impurity of the โdrunkards of Ephraimโ<sup class=\"footnote-marker\">54</sup><i class=\"footnote\">Isa. 28:1. The full verse reads: โAh, the proud crowns of the drunkards of Ephraim, whose glorious beauty is but wilted flowers on the heads of men bloated with rich food, who are overcome with wine.โ</i>โthe rebellious rulers and gangs of thieves who love bribery and pursue only their own gain, kicking against God out of their abundance of good things. They will melt away, along with all their power and glory. After a long time, scattered individuals gradually began returning to the land, drawn there by Godโs hand and by the holiness of the land rather than by any concern with material well-being or with reestablishing national government.<sup class=\"footnote-marker\">55</sup><i class=\"footnote\">Rav Kook refers to the trickle of pious individual Jews who found their way to the Land of Israel from the thirteenth century onward. In the early nine-teenth century, the numbers of such immigrants increased, motivated by the messianic expectations directed to the 600th year of the sixth millennium (1840), based on prophecies of the Zohar. Between 1808 and 1840, the Jew-ish community in the Land of Israel more than doubled in size. The most notable group consisted of more than 500 disciples of the Gaon of Vilna, who arrived around 1813. See Arie Morgenstern, <i>Hastening Redemption: Messianism and the Resettlement of the Land of Israel</i> (Oxford: Oxford Univer-sity Press, 2006), for an account of the fascinating and little-known episode of pre-Zionist Jewish immigration to Israel.</i>",
|
53 |
+
"โThe appointed time of salvation is concealed.โ<sup class=\"footnote-marker\">56</sup><i class=\"footnote\">This appears to be a reference to Rashiโs comment on Gen. 49:1: Jacob โwished to reveal the messianic end, but the divine presence was re-moved from him.โ See also Rashiโs source, Genesis Raba 98:2.</i> โWhat is in the heart is not revealed to the mouth.โ<sup class=\"footnote-marker\">57</sup><i class=\"footnote\">Kohelet Raba 12:10.</i> Who can know Godโs secrets and say precisely when the impurity of the land and the people will be lifted, when the spirit, hidden in its essence but revealed in its actions, will return once again in response to improvements in the outward situation that enable its reappearance in strength and purity upon the people and the land? When will the time of lovers come again, when the people and the land will reunite and mutual goodness and blessing will flow from their relationshipโnot like in the days of darkness? No one knows. So we raise our eyes to see the signs that are hidden in plain sight. In their vision of the messianic era, the sages said that โthere is no messianic portent more obvious than thisโ:<sup class=\"footnote-marker\">58</sup><i class=\"footnote\">Talmud Bavli, Sanhedrin 98a. See also Rashi ad loc. โWhen the Land of Israel generously gives of her fruits, then redemption is drawing near; there is no more obvious sign of the messianic end than this.โ Rav Kook urges paying attention to the renewed flourishing of agriculture in the Land of Israel as a portent of impending redemption.</i> โBut you, O mountains of Israel, shall yield your produce and bear your fruit for My people Israel, for their return is near. For I will care for you: I will turn to you, and you shall be tilled and sown. I will settle a large population on you, the whole house of Israel; the towns shall be resettled and the ruined sites rebuilt. I will multiply men and beasts upon you, and they shall increase and be fertile, and I will resettle you as you were formerly, and will make you more prosperous than you were at first. And you shall know that I am the Lord.โ<sup class=\"footnote-marker\">59</sup><i class=\"footnote\">Ezek. 36:8โ11. This is the prooftext cited in Sanhedrin 98a (see n. 59 above).</i>",
|
54 |
+
"So long as the anger has not been assuaged, and so long as the sickness in the depths of the peopleโs soul has not been fully cured, there was every reason for them to turn only to heaven for support. Because of the extent of the landโs destruction, people were not interested in trying to live a life closely tied to the earth; if dreams of restoring political sovereignty had occurred to them then, their confusions and ancient corruptions would likely have been to return and reawaken. So their spiritual vision was blocked, and most people forgot about the land, and the scattered individuals who were concerned with it related to it as a spiritual ideal rather than as a physical reality.",
|
55 |
+
"But with the fulfillment of the whole measure of Godโs rebuke (which refines not just individuals, who began to return from the early days of the exile, but also the spirit of the nation as a whole, which lifts up with it the degraded spirit of the land), the mourning for Zion began to seek outlets in action. The people that felt itself abandoned by Zion began to conceive the desire to return to its city and its land, to find there a life that would be more whole, in which the spiritual and physical could be healed simultaneously. Then the spirit began secretly to beat again, imperceptibly to most peopleโโEven those close to Him cannot foresee His actions.โ<sup class=\"footnote-marker\">60</sup><i class=\"footnote\">Job 24:1.</i> Even if this initial growth was apparent to those with seeing hearts and holy souls, they saw it yet did not recognize its strength and substance, until they turned around and there it wasโrevealing itself. Those tendrils of new life that were closest to material urges were the first to show perceptible traces. The desire for land, for physical work, for social organization were not strange to the most exalted spirits of this long-suffering people that had generally forgotten the ways of physical existence and that was indebted for its material support to others.",
|
56 |
+
"Now we need dauntless people to step forward. They must strengthen the weak of spirit, raise up the despairing, support the falling, and declare loudly, โZion: do not give up!โ The spirit of the living, hidden God, concealed throughout the exile is being revealed. It can fully appear only in a people living a holistic life on its own land. Just as with individuals, the divine presence rests only on one who is strong, self-sufficient, and dignified, as well as possessing spiritual qualities of wisdom and humility, so, too, the divine presence rests only on the people collectively when they are strong, materially self-sufficient, and upright (these qualities, however, find their true value when they serve as a basis for the flourishing of a godly spirit, filled with the light of righteous humility).",
|
57 |
+
"Dumbfounded of spirit, knees quaking from the oppression of enemies and humiliating wanderings, devoid of hope or consolation in the lands of strangers, scattered exiles started to arrive in the land. Bleary-eyed from all the darkness of exile after exile, it was hard for them to absorb the great light that they found sown in the land. Their stature is still not upright and their spirits not yet revived, and the spirit of God is not yet revealed in full force. But scattered shafts of spiritual life suggest that the revealed end is coming closer. All in whom the divine spirit resonates feel themselves to be among the pioneering builders who are constructing the nationโs home in its beloved, eternal land.",
|
58 |
+
"The reestablishment of the people in its holy land is still young, and what has been built until now is minuscule compared to the grandeur of our hope, which is mantled in godly powerโโI, who planted the skies and made firm the earth, have said to Zion, you are My people!โ<sup class=\"footnote-marker\">61</sup><i class=\"footnote\">Isa. 51:16.</i> So, too, the spiritual revival within us that is starting to raise up our precious country is small and weak. The glory that will appear when shmita and <i>yovel</i> are observed on the holy land still seem far away. Nonetheless, our spirits are lifted by what we <i>can</i> fulfill of the mitzvot that are connected to the land, even though what we have is still only partial. Now is the time to revive those aspects of the Torah that speak precisely to the revival of the land: learning about the special mitzvot of the land is becoming more and more significant for all those of Godโs people who are focusing on what is happening in the land to which Godโs spirit has returnedโwhere a special holiness must be reflected and revealed by those who are living here, above and beyond the demands that the rest of the Torah makes on us wherever we are.",
|
59 |
+
"โLearning leads to action.โ<sup class=\"footnote-marker\">62</sup><i class=\"footnote\">Talmud Bavli, Kiddushin 40b. โLearning is greater [than action] because learning leads to action.โ This is Rabbi Akivaโs opinion, cited in the talmudic debate about whether study is greater than deeds. Through citing this source, Rav Kook expresses the hope that the study of shmita will lead to its fuller observance.</i> Studying the halakhot to gain clarity and breadth of understanding, writing books, and expanding research all increase awareness and love of the mitzvot connected to the land, which were forgotten by most of the people for many centuries. The divine light that suffuses every letter of every detail of the Torah awakens in us a desire to carefully observe these commandments in their entirety. Consciousness of their justice and importance will grow as the study of the Torah concerning them becomes greater and more magnificent.",
|
60 |
+
"Now the shmita year has arrived (according to the reckoning that we have). Owing to the poor situation of our settlements in the land, we will have to make do with the temporary expedient that was endorsed some time ago by the greatest authorities of the generation, who understood deeply the situation of the new settlement in our holy land.<sup class=\"footnote-marker\">63</sup><i class=\"footnote\">Rav Kook refers here to the <i>heter mekhira</i> device of selling the land for the duration of the shmita.</i> They had a penetrating sense of what it could become in the future and knew not to belittle its smallness because they understood that plowing these first furrows on our land could be a โgateway of hopeโ<sup class=\"footnote-marker\">64</sup><i class=\"footnote\">Hosea 2:17. Rav Kook quotes from the passage that likens Israelโs turn to idolatry to a womanโs adultery, which he has previously cited in his introduction. This verse describes the loversโ reconciliation. In Hebrew, the phrase is<i> petaแธฅ tikva</i>, which was the name given to one of the first modern agricultural<i> </i>settlements in Israel (founded in 1878) for similar reasons.</i> for our people and portend the growth of a salvation that โcame from the Lord.โ<sup class=\"footnote-marker\">65</sup><i class=\"footnote\">Ps. 118:23.</i> They realized their historical obligation to smooth the path of the new settlements and, as much as possible, not to let the mitzvot that are connected to the land be obstacles. God does not make tyrannical and unreasonable demands of His creatures. The circumstances that allow us to be lenient regarding mitzvot pertaining to the whole community when there is the likelihood of significant financial loss, or in a temporary situation of acute need, are all compounded in this case to an extent unparalleled in the annals of legal questions that have arisen throughout our lengthy exile. Despite the suspension of the mitzvah (of shmita) that is entailed by this temporary edict, there are still some halakhot pertaining to shmita that we are required to observe. And those who are especially God-fearing, whose holy love of the mitzvot connected to the land that we have long yearned to observe is so great, are not deterred by the trouble and loss they may incur through fully observing shmita as it should beโand they shall be blessed!",
|
61 |
+
"In addition, learning itself leads to action. Studying the halakhot will engrave them on our hearts. From one shmita year to the next, more and more people will be caught up with enthusiasm. With godly boldness in their hearts, they will broaden the fulfillment of the mitzvah in all its details. The fierce joy that will be generated by Israel observing the shmita on the holy mountain<sup class=\"footnote-marker\">66</sup><i class=\"footnote\">Jerusalem. See, e.g., Isa. 56:7.</i> will lead, in the future, to its complete and all-encompassing fulfillment.",
|
62 |
+
"The holiness of shmita will emanate from the spirit of God that hovers over His people and land and spread to all lifeโto all Godโs people and especially to those who live in the holy shelter of this precious land, in the sweet companionship of its loving refuge. The spirit of the Jubilee, which lies latent, will appear from within the storehouse of holiness that is in the shmita, and the sound of the shofar will herald salvation, rousing the sleepy and encouraging the recently redeemed.",
|
63 |
+
"That is why I felt obliged to write this book laying out the halakhot of shmita, with Godโs help.",
|
64 |
+
"I hope to God that through it, the Torah will be made great and glorious; that I and all those who yearn to learn of Godโs ways, especially my brothers, whom I call upon in pleasantness, the great Torah scholars of the Land of Israel, will merit to expand our teaching about the mitzvot that concern the land, and especially shmita. And alongside our involvement in the practical halakhot, may our hearts be strengthened with wisdom and discernment to know, with a spirit that is filled with counsel and strength, the light of divine knowledge that is being granted to our holy land, which we have been fortunate to inherit; and may this spirit of this knowledge fill and strengthen us with sound understanding and save us from errors for the sake of His name and inheritance.",
|
65 |
+
"May Godโs word to the prophets be soon fulfilled:",
|
66 |
+
"โI will take you from among the nations and gather you from all countries, and I will bring you back to your land. I will sprinkle clean water upon you and you shall be clean: I will cleanse you from all your uncleanness and all your fetishes. And I will give you a new heart and put a new spirit into you: I will remove the heart of stone from your body and give you a heart of flesh; and I will put My spirit into you. Thus I will cause you to follow My laws and faithfully to observe My rules. Then you shall dwell in the land that I gave to your father, and you shall be My people and I will be your God. And when I have delivered you from all your uncleanness, I will summon the grain and make it abundant, and I will not bring famine upon you. I will make the fruit of your trees and the crops of your fields abundant, so that you shall never again be humiliated before the nations because of the famine.โ<sup class=\"footnote-marker\">67</sup><i class=\"footnote\">Ezek. 36:24โ30.</i>",
|
67 |
+
"โThus said the Lord, God: when I have cleansed you of all your iniquities, I will people your settlements, and the ruined places shall be rebuilt; and the desolate land, after laying waste in the sight of every passerby, shall again be tilled. And men shall say, โThat land, once desolate, has now become like the garden of Eden; and the cities, once ruined, desolate, and ravaged, are now populated and fortified.โ And the nations that are left around you shall know that I the Lord have rebuilt the ravaged places and replanted the desolate land. I the Lord have spoken and will act.โ<sup class=\"footnote-marker\">68</sup><i class=\"footnote\">Ezek. 36:33โ36.</i>",
|
68 |
+
"<i>The holy city of Jaffa, may it be built and established, 1909.</i>"
|
69 |
+
],
|
70 |
+
"Clarification": [],
|
71 |
+
"Preface": [],
|
72 |
+
"Laws of Shemitah": [],
|
73 |
+
"Kuntres Acharon": []
|
74 |
+
},
|
75 |
+
"schema": {
|
76 |
+
"heTitle": "ืฉืืช ืืืจืฅ",
|
77 |
+
"enTitle": "Shabbat HaAretz",
|
78 |
+
"key": "Shabbat HaAretz",
|
79 |
+
"nodes": [
|
80 |
+
{
|
81 |
+
"heTitle": "ืืงืืื",
|
82 |
+
"enTitle": "Introduction"
|
83 |
+
},
|
84 |
+
{
|
85 |
+
"heTitle": "ืืืืช ืืืืืขื",
|
86 |
+
"enTitle": "Clarification"
|
87 |
+
},
|
88 |
+
{
|
89 |
+
"heTitle": "ืคืชื ืืืจ",
|
90 |
+
"enTitle": "Preface"
|
91 |
+
},
|
92 |
+
{
|
93 |
+
"heTitle": "ืืืืืช ืฉืืืื",
|
94 |
+
"enTitle": "Laws of Shemitah"
|
95 |
+
},
|
96 |
+
{
|
97 |
+
"heTitle": "ืงืื ืืจืก ืืืจืื",
|
98 |
+
"enTitle": "Kuntres Acharon"
|
99 |
+
}
|
100 |
+
]
|
101 |
+
}
|
102 |
+
}
|
json/Halakhah/Acharonim/Shabbat HaAretz/English/merged.json
ADDED
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|
|
1 |
+
{
|
2 |
+
"title": "Shabbat HaAretz",
|
3 |
+
"language": "en",
|
4 |
+
"versionTitle": "merged",
|
5 |
+
"versionSource": "https://www.sefaria.org/Shabbat_HaAretz",
|
6 |
+
"text": {
|
7 |
+
"Introduction": [
|
8 |
+
"A summary of the value of shmita and yovel in the life of the Jewish people generally and in the revival of the nation, the life, and the Torah, in the light of God, Life of the World",
|
9 |
+
"Who is like Your people Israel, a unique nation on earth? (2 Sam. 7:23)",
|
10 |
+
"โWho is like your people Israel, a unique nation on earth?โ When they are united with the land, they are called a unique nation, but not when they are separate from it. (Zohar, Leviticus 93b) <sup class=\"footnote-marker\">1</sup><i class=\"footnote\">In choosing this quotation from the Zohar, the classic work of Jewish mysti-cism, as the epigram for his book about shmita, Rav Kook suggests that the uniqueness of the Jewish people is fully manifested only when they are living on their land and practicing the laws that regulate life in harmony with the earthโshmita foremost among them.</i>",
|
11 |
+
"The sabbatical and Jubilee years are interconnected in time,<sup class=\"footnote-marker\">2</sup><i class=\"footnote\">In Leviticus 25, the primary biblical source for shmita, the sabbatical and Jubilee years are interconnected parts of a fifty-year cycle; see Lev. 25:2โ10.</i> like the sun and the moon in the universe, like Israel and humanity in the world of souls.<sup class=\"footnote-marker\">3</sup><i class=\"footnote\">Rav Kook alludes here to the foundational kabbalistic notion of <i>ashan</i>, an acronym of <i>olam</i>, <i>shana</i>, <i>nefesh</i>, or world, time, and soul, the three dimensions that shape the finite world. The concept of <i>ashan</i> first appears in <i>Sefer Yet-zirah</i>, the oldest extant work of Jewish mysticism, references to which occur in texts from the first century (see <i>Sefer Yetzirah</i> 4:7โ4:14, trans. Aryeh Ka-plan [York Beach, Me.: Samuel Weiser, 1990]). Rav Kookโs otherwise rather enigmatic reference to the sun and moon as instances of the particular and the universal appears to refer back to <i>Sefer Yetzirah</i> 4:7. See <i>Orot hakodesh</i> (Jerusalem: Mossad Harav Kook, 1938, 1985), 2:313, for an expanded expla-nation of Rav Kookโs understanding of the holiness inherent in these three basic dimensions of existence.</i> The particular and the universal are profoundly interdependent in the most vital and spiritual sense; the particular needs the universal, and the universal needs the particular.<sup class=\"footnote-marker\">4</sup><i class=\"footnote\">The interdependence of the particular and the universal is a major theme in Rav Kookโs writings. For an especially penetrating discussion of the relation-ship between these poles of Rav Kookโs thought, see Yehudah Mirsky, <i>Rav Kook: Mystic in a Time of Revolution</i> (New Haven, Conn.: Yale University Press, 2014), 107โ11. See also the introduction to this volume, p. 51.</i>",
|
12 |
+
"โFor what great nation is there that has a God so close at hand?โ<sup class=\"footnote-marker\">5</sup><i class=\"footnote\">Deut. 4:7. Note that elsewhere, Rav Kook cites this biblical passage explicitly in the context of elaborating the goal of creating an exemplary and enlight-ened socioeconomic order in Israel. E.g., โIn order to fulfill this aspiration, it is particularly necessary that this community possess a political and social state and national sovereignty at the peak of human cultureโโsurely a wise and understanding people is this great nationโโ (Deut. 4:6), <i>Orot</i> (Jerusalem: Mossad Harav Kook, 1993), 104.</i> What is remarkable about the Jewish people is its ability to view existence through the lens of holiness;<sup class=\"footnote-marker\">6</sup><i class=\"footnote\">Holiness is a central concept in Rav Kookโs thought. For an insightful discussion, see Norman Lamm, โHarmonism, Novelty and the Sacred,โ in <i>Rabbi Abraham Isaac Kook and Jewish Spirituality</i>, ed. Lawrence J. Ka-plan and David Schatz (New York: New York University Press, 1995), 159โ77; see also the introduction to this volume, p.48.</i> it knows, with the full force of its being, that life has the greatest value to the extent that it is infused by godliness and that a life without a touch of the divine is not worth anything. Even more than that, they know that a godly life is true life, and life without God is no life at all. This knowledge, lying deep within the peopleโs soul, gives it a unique character and impresses itself on each and every one of her individual members. The light and salvation of each person depends on the depth and force of this imprinting awareness that the value of life is in its godliness. โAnd you, who held fast to the Lord your God, are all alive today.โ<sup class=\"footnote-marker\">7</sup><i class=\"footnote\">Deut. 4:4.</i>",
|
13 |
+
"Life in its fullest, divine intensity is increasingly revealed to a person to the extent that he struggles to aspire with all his being to connect to the inner life of the people as a whole and to be illuminated by the light of its exalted spirit; the spirit lives through a pervasive inner awareness of the precious godliness in life.",
|
14 |
+
"The essential quality of the Jewish peopleโs collective soul is its divine nature.<sup class=\"footnote-marker\">8</sup><i class=\"footnote\">Rav Kook uses the word <i>neshama</i> here for โsoul.โ This is the highest of the three levels of soul that are commonly discussed by the kabbalists: <i>nefesh</i>,<i> ruaแธฅ</i>, and <i>neshama</i>. See the introduction to this volume, p. 53.</i> The people did not gain this characteristic<sup class=\"footnote-marker\">9</sup><i class=\"footnote\">The nature of the Jewish peopleโs difference from other nations is a classic issue in Jewish thought; the key medieval protagonists were Yehuda Halevi and Maimonides. See introduction to this volume for further discussion of Rav Kookโs relation to their views, p.52.</i> through its choices, actions, righteousness, or good character. It is a core quality, both physical and spiritual, that gives the people divine force and strength. It was not acquired through choice, and no choices can negate it. Choices, however, can powerfully affect the state of this innate quality.<sup class=\"footnote-marker\">10</sup><i class=\"footnote\">Rav Kook expresses here in brief his view that the holiness of Israel depends on two main elements: an innate <i>segula</i>, or soul force; and the choices to do good or bad that each of us makes. He believed that the <i>segula</i> force was the greater and that it would grow stronger still in the period of the โfootsteps of the Messiah.โ See <i>Igerot hareโaya</i> 2:186โ88 (Jerusalem: Mossad Harav Kook, 2002), for an expanded discussion of this. For a good English summary, see Michael Z. Nehorai, โHalakhah, Meta-Halakhah, and the Redemption of Israel: Reflections on the Rabbinic Rulings of Rav Kook,โ in <i>Rabbi Abraham Isaac Kook and Jewish Spirituality</i>, ed. Kaplan and Schatz, 122โ24.</i> The people can decide to nurture, develop, and perfect it; alternatively, bad choices will darken its light, muddy its glow, and stupefy hearts so that they will no longer sense the spiritual riches hidden in the life of the soul. But darkness and stupefaction cannot continue indefinitely. Sooner or later, this inner soul treasure can be relied upon to arouse the nation to renewal.<sup class=\"footnote-marker\">11</sup><i class=\"footnote\">The inevitability of spiritual renewal is a theme of Rav Kookโs book on re-pentance, <i>Orot hateshuva</i> (Jerusalem: Rabbi Kook Institute, 1994). See e.g., chap. 1, where repentance is described as a natural health-restoring impulse; 4:2, where the repentance of the individual is an expression of a movement toward <i>teshuva</i> active in the whole universe; and 16:10, where the individualโs <i>teshuva</i> is presented as a return to authentic selfhood.</i>",
|
15 |
+
"This national treasure that is imprinted deep within us, the image of a world that is good, upright, and godlyโ aligned with peace, justice, grace, and courage, all filled with a pervasive divine perspective that rests in the spirit of the peopleโcannot be actualized within a way of life that is purely secular. Such a life, full of frenetic action, veils the glory of our divine soul, and the soulโs clear light is blocked from shining through the overpowering, mundane reality. The impulse toward growth and self-realization needs space to come to fruition. We need to stop and shake off the bedlam of our daily lives.",
|
16 |
+
"The individual shakes off mundane routine frequentlyโ every week. โShabbat comes and so does rest!โ<sup class=\"footnote-marker\">12</sup><i class=\"footnote\">Rashi on Gen. 2:2. Rashiโs full comment reads: โWhat was lacking [in Cre-ation]? Rest. Enter Sabbath, enter rest; and then the work of Creation was finished.โ Creation was not complete until rest was made to complement and balance creative activity.</i> The soul begins to shed her harsh chains. โThe Lord has given you rest from your sorrow and trouble and from the hard service that you were made to serve.โ<sup class=\"footnote-marker\">13</sup><i class=\"footnote\">Isa. 14:3.</i> The soul then seeks higher pathways of spiritual desire that are consonant with the nature of her source. โIt is good to praise the Lord, to sing hymns to Your name, O Most High, to proclaim Your steadfast love at daybreak, Your faithfulness each night with a ten-stringed harp with voice and lyre together.โ<sup class=\"footnote-marker\">14</sup><i class=\"footnote\">Ps. 92:1โ4. This is the โPsalm for the Sabbath Day.โ</i> โIt shall be a sign for all time between me and the people of Israel.โ<sup class=\"footnote-marker\">15</sup><i class=\"footnote\">Exod. 31:17.</i> This is a holy day when the innate inclination of the people for a godly life emerges from its hiddenness and is a sign for the people that its soul treasure contains within it the need and the ability to rejoice in God, in the delight of the divine. This is concentrated in the point of the extra soul<sup class=\"footnote-marker\">16</sup><i class=\"footnote\">Rav Kook refers to the โextra soulโ that, according to tradition, Jews possess on the Sabbath. The talmudic source is Beitza 16a, which in-terprets the words <i>shavat vayinafash</i> (Exod. 31:17) as <i>Vay nefesh!</i> (โAlas for the soul that is lost!โโ at the end of Sabbath). Interpretations of this idea have ranged from the more rational, e.g., Ibn Ezra and Radak, who argue that the soul that โis given rest on this day from the affairs of the world can occupy itself with wisdom and the words of Godโ (commentary to Gen. 2:3), to the more mystical, e.g., Naแธฅmanides, who takes issue with Ibn Ezra and writes that โalthough his view of this is right to those who believe in it, for this is not something that can be tested by experience, โฆ nonetheless you must understand that on the Sabbath, there is in truth an additional soul.โ (See also Zohar II 204aโb.) Rav Kook draws on elements of both schools here in understanding the โextra soulโ as something that is always within us that we are able to access on Sabbath when the rush of weekday activity is stilled.</i> that dwells within each one of the peopleโs children.",
|
17 |
+
"What Sabbath does for the individual, shmita does for the nation as a whole. The Jewish people, in whom the godly, creative force is planted eternally and distinctively, has a special need to periodically reveal the divine light within itself with full intensity. Our mundane lives, with their toil, anxiety, anger, and competition do not entirely suffocate this creative force. On the shmita, our pure, inner spirit may be revealed as it truly is. The forcefulness that is inevitably part of our regular, public lives lessens our moral refinement. There is always a tension between the ideal of listening to the voice inside us that calls us to be kind, truthful, and merciful, and the conflict, compulsion, and pressure to be unyielding that surround buying, selling, and acquiring things.<sup class=\"footnote-marker\">17</sup><i class=\"footnote\">There is a note of suspicion about commerce in this passage. For a discussion of Rav Kookโs relationship to socialist thought, see Shalom Rosenberg, โIntroduction to the Thought of Rav Kook,โ in <i>The World of Rav Kookโs Thought</i>, ed. Benjamin Ish-Shalom and Shalom Rosenberg (Jerusalem: Avi Chai, 1991), 59โ61. See also the introduction to this volume, p.49.</i> These aspects of the world of action distance us from the divine light and prevent its being discerned in the public life of the nation. This distancing also permeates the morality of individuals like poison. Stilling the tumult of social life from time to time in certain predictable ways is meant to move this nation, when it is well-ordered, to rise toward an encounter with the heights of its other, inner moral and spiritual life.<sup class=\"footnote-marker\">18</sup><i class=\"footnote\">Cf. Rav Kookโs idea of โthe continuous prayer of the soulโ: the soul is always praying (i.e., yearning to unite with God). When we consciously pray, we rise to an encounter with the soul that is praying constantly (<i>Olat hareโaya</i>, 1:1).</i> They touch the divine qualities inside them that transcend all the stratagems of the social order and that cultivate and elevate our social arrangements, bringing them toward perfection.",
|
18 |
+
"โJust as it was said about the Sabbath of creation, โit is a Sabbath for God,โ so, too, it was said about the Sabbath of shmita, โit is a Sabbath for God.โ โ<sup class=\"footnote-marker\">19</sup><i class=\"footnote\">Rashiโs commentary on Lev. 25:2.</i> The distinctive character of the people and the land dovetail with each other. Just as the people has a special aptitude for reaching spiritual heights from within the depths of everyday life, so, too, the landโGodโs landโforms the people who dwell there as an everlasting inheritance that comes through a covenant and promise, with faith in the Eternal One of Israel, and is founded on the divine nature immovably infused in this wonderful country, which is married to the people whom God chose. The soul of the people and the land intertwine, working from the basis of their being to bring into existence the intricate patterns of inner holiness that lie within them during the sabbatical year. The people works with its soul force on the land, and the divine seed is revealed through its spiritual influence; the land, too, works on the people, refining their character in line with the divine desire for life inherent in their makeup.",
|
19 |
+
"The people and the land both need a year of Sabbath!",
|
20 |
+
"A year of peace and quiet, where there are no tyrants or taskmasters; โhe shall not oppress his fellow or kinsman, for the remission proclaimed is of the Lordโ;<sup class=\"footnote-marker\">20</sup><i class=\"footnote\">Deut. 15:2. The verse quoted refers to the remission of debts in the shmita and prohibits creditors from exacting payment from debtors.</i> a year of equality and relaxation in which the soul may expand toward the uprightness of God, who sustains all life with loving-kindness; a year when there is no private property and no standing on oneโs rights, and a godly peace will pervade all that breathes. โIt shall be a year of complete rest for the land, but you may eat whatever the land will produce during its Sabbathโyou, your male and female slaves, the hired and bound laborers who live with you, and your cattle and the beasts on your land may eat all its yield.โ<sup class=\"footnote-marker\">21</sup><i class=\"footnote\">Lev. 25:5โ7.</i> Pernickety claims to private property will not profane the holiness of the produce of the land during this year, and the urge to get rich, which is stimulated by trade, will be forgotten; as it says, โfor you to eatโbut not for your trade.โ<sup class=\"footnote-marker\">22</sup><i class=\"footnote\">Mishnah, Sheviโit 7:3. In this passage, Rav Kook draws on a series of halakhic midrashim based on a phrase from Lev. 25:6, โfor you to eat,โ which is inter-preted to exclude making use of food grown in the Land of Israel during the shmita for purposes other than eating.</i> A spirit of generosity will rest on all; God will bless the fruit of the land โfor you to eat and not your loss.โ Human beings will return to a state of natural health, so that they will not need healing for sicknesses, which mostly befall us when the balance of life is destroyed and our lives are distanced from the rhythms of nature; โfor you to eatโ but not to make medicine and not to use as bandages.<sup class=\"footnote-marker\">23</sup><i class=\"footnote\">Talmud Bavli, Sukkah 40a. See the introduction to this volume for further discussion of Rav Kookโs astonishing claim that shmita will promote a natu-ral state of human health that will make medicine unnecessary.</i> A holy spirit will be poured out upon all life; โit will be a year of complete rest for the landโa Sabbath of the Lord.โ<sup class=\"footnote-marker\">24</sup><i class=\"footnote\">Lev. 25:4โ5.</i>",
|
21 |
+
"In this year, the divine character within the people will be revealed in its glory. This once-every-seven-year illumination carries an afterglow of divine ideals that will gradually shape our ethical characters so that the outlook that flows from them will become a deeper and more formative part of us, until a longer, significant period has elapsedโenough to raise up not merely individuals<sup class=\"footnote-marker\">25</sup><i class=\"footnote\">As does the Sabbath.</i>โor just the collective in a particular generation<sup class=\"footnote-marker\">26</sup><i class=\"footnote\">As does the shmita.</i> but all the generations that lived during that period. The Jubilee is a time of rebirth for the whole world, grounded in divine freedom.",
|
22 |
+
"Life during the shmita year is guided by the natural, inner desire for goodness and justice, equality, and calm, which God has planted within the nation. The people did not become like this by imitating something external; it is part of its nature. When this inner life starts to reveal itself in all its purity, it does not stand still. It is expansive and generous, seeking the power to act and to influence its surroundings. Israelโs inner nature soaks up the elevating power of its good choices, which restore our lives and the pure penitence that reconnects us to the source of the Jewish peopleโs inner strength. Holiness grows throughout these spans of time: โCount the shmita years in order to sanctify the Jubilees,โ<sup class=\"footnote-marker\">27</sup><i class=\"footnote\">Talmud Bavli, Arakhin 32b. The Talmud describes here how the advent of the Jubilee was to be calculated.</i> to prepare life for the Jubilee. โAnd you shall count off seven weeks of seven yearsโseven times seven yearsโso that the period of seven weeks of seven years gives you a total of forty-nine years.โ<sup class=\"footnote-marker\">28</sup><i class=\"footnote\">Lev. 25:8.</i> Shmita will suckle from the life channels of the Jubilee, which will gradually rise and spread, until they give shape to the life of the people. From those sources will the shmita be filled with a wholesome and invigorating glow that will arise out of the yearning for a divine order that fills all existence and not merely its own inner being.",
|
23 |
+
"The spirit of the Jubilee will gather great strength, until it has sufficient potency not only to reveal the goodness within the soul of the people and protect its form of life, as does the shmita, but also to fix the crookedness and brokenness of the past and to reestablish the peopleโs existence on its original pattern. It can restore a pristine freshness to our lives, not only through what is already present, albeit hidden in our souls, but also through what is being prepared to reveal itself and illuminate us by the power of our free choice to do what is goodโwhich must awaken in the exalted Jubilee year.",
|
24 |
+
"In these years, when its inner character is being revealed, the nation gives a sign that it is preparing itself for an even higher level; one that can lead to a keen awareness of the godliness in life. The awakening of such awareness heralds a new spirit that announces great things: โThen you shall sound the horn loud; in the seventh month on the tenth day of the monthโthe Day of Atonementโ you shall have the horn sounded throughout your land,โ<sup class=\"footnote-marker\">29</sup><i class=\"footnote\">Lev. 25:9.</i> and a godly spirit of general forgiveness, such as the individual experiences on Yom Kippur, will arise through the holiness of the Jubilee and spread throughout the entire society, clothing the whole people in a spirit of repentance and acquittal that will straighten out the injustices of the preceding period: โYou shall proclaim release throughout the land for all its inhabitants.โ<sup class=\"footnote-marker\">30</sup><i class=\"footnote\">Lev. 25:10.</i> From Rosh Hashanah until Yom Kippur, slaves would neither become free to go home, nor would they remain slaves to their masters, but they would eat, drink, and rejoice with crowns on their heads. When Yom Kippur would arrive, the <i>beit din</i> would sound the shofar, slaves would be free to go home, and fields would return to their original owners.<sup class=\"footnote-marker\">31</sup><i class=\"footnote\">Talmud Bavli, Rosh Hashanah 8b. See the introduction to this volume for a discussion of Rav Kookโs original reading of this talmudic passage.</i> This freedom does not erupt like some volcano; it emerges gradually from the higher holiness. It is not a radical exception to the regular social order but flows from within it, nurtured by the life of the shorter, preceding periods until, reinforced by the revelation of our choices for good, it has the power to repair past injustices.",
|
25 |
+
"If individuals fall from the status of free men and women and, forgetting their inherent nobility, are made into servantsโโthe ear that heard the words at Sinai, โthe children of Israel are My servantsโ<sup class=\"footnote-marker\">32</sup><i class=\"footnote\">Lev. 25:55.</i>โ<i>My servants, and not the servants of My servants</i>โโand yet in spite of this he<i> </i>went and acquired a human master for himself<sup class=\"footnote-marker\">33</sup><i class=\"footnote\">Talmud Bavli, Kiddushin 22b. The Talmud here censures the Hebrew slave referred to in Exod. 21:6, who elects to remain a slave beyond the mandatory period. His choice shows that he has not internalized the innate freedom and dignity that attaches to being a servant of God, not of man. Rav Kook understands the return of each person to his ancestral land as the remedy for the indignity of selling oneself as a slave.</i>โnow his freedom and self-respect are returned to him. Holiness flows into our lives from the highest source, the place from which the nationโs soul suckles light and โfreedom is proclaimed throughout the land to all its inhabitants.โ<sup class=\"footnote-marker\">34</sup><i class=\"footnote\">Lev. 25:10.</i> Inequality in landed property, which resulted from bodily and spiritual weakness and error, sapped his strength, until he was forced to sell his ancestral patrimony. Now, however, restitution comes, corresponding to the peopleโs status at the beginning of its journey. The original property returns to those who have suffered from the vicissitudes of life, distorting their sense of their true value: โIn this Jubilee, everyone shall return to his original holdings.โ<sup class=\"footnote-marker\">35</sup><i class=\"footnote\">Lev. 25:13.</i>",
|
26 |
+
"Such life-affirming flights of possibility will raise the people up to bind its life together with that of all humanity through those special people, the <i>gerim toshavim</i>โnon-Jews who stand fully in the mainstream of universal humanity and who also feel a special connection to the reinvigorated spiritual aspirations of the Jewish people; then there will arise an inner urge in the people to rein in the separatist element within itself so as to properly highlight the brilliant illumination of the universal: โThe law of a Hebrew servant and the law of the <i>ger toshav</i> operate only when the Jubilee operates.โ<sup class=\"footnote-marker\">36</sup><i class=\"footnote\">Talmud Bavli, Arakhin 29a. See the introduction to this volume for a short discussion of how Rav Kook reads this talmudic passage and the universal aspects of the Jubilee.</i>",
|
27 |
+
"All these are signs of a spiritual vitality that this people will manifest when a divine sense of morality is alive within them. They will emerge from the complexity of the nationโs political situation in its full richness, โwhen all its inhabitants are living there.โ<sup class=\"footnote-marker\">37</sup><i class=\"footnote\">Talmud Bavli, Arakhin 32b. The Talmud sets โwhen all its inhabitants are liv-ing thereโ as a condition for the observance of the Jubilee year. This is inferred from the verse referring to the Jubilee โfreedom is proclaimed throughout the land to <i>all its inhabitants</i>โ (Lev. 25:10), i.e., the Jubileeโs proclamation of freedom may occur only when all the landโs inhabitants are living on it. Rav Kook understands that the fulfillment of this condition effects a qualitative change in the peopleโs political situation.</i> Thus will the people find a way to reveal an awareness of the godly integrity that stands above its innate quality, that is already within it, and that protects the peopleโs purposes so that they do not decline or disappear entirely.",
|
28 |
+
"When corrupted choice darkens the light of the life of โbroad spaces by the river,โ<sup class=\"footnote-marker\">38</sup><i class=\"footnote\">Hebrew, <i>reแธฅovot hanahar</i>: a kabbalistic term based on Gen. 36:37, meaning the broadening of wisdom. Rabbi Schneur Zalman of Liadi, the founder of Chabad, characterizes <i>reแธฅovot hanahar</i> as the spreading of the kabbalistic <i>sefi-ra</i> of <i>แธฅokhma</i> (wisdom), which he likens to a wellspring, into the <i>sefira</i> of <i>bina</i> (intellect), which he compares to a river (<i>Likutei Torah</i>, <i>Shir hashirim</i> 39b).</i> which grows and overspills the borders of Israel, such choice mars the foundation of Israelโs natural excellenceโthough it cannot destroy it. But it can plunge that treasure deep, deep down into the depths, until it disappears for a long time, eons and eons. The people will long for light, when there is none, until the time of the End.",
|
29 |
+
"The Torah, with its ideas, statutes, and laws, for the life of the individual and the community, is a clear glass, in which all the spiritual qualities of the people are reflectedโwhether the natural, intrinsic impulses that are expressed in observance of shmita, or the higher, divine spirit of the Jubilee, which is manifested through the peopleโs choices. So long as the Torah is observed, both in letter and in spirit, in the people, the land, and in the way society is ordered, it gives strength to the nation. The reenergizing closeness to God will then thrill the life soul of the people and bring joy to the heart of each individual. The light of faith will stream through the consciousness of the people from its natural, distinctive spirit; the refinements of this spirit that take place generation by generation will adorn the people, dedicated, as they are, to salvation from time immemorial, and these refinements will train the peopleโs unique, divine consciousness according to its individual character. This distinctive awareness will continually do its work, and will in turn be worked upon by the universal good of divine light. This light sharpens our awareness and stamps upon it its particular form, enabling it to fill up all the recesses of spirit and soul with pure feelings and upright joy, which are founded eternally on divine delight, which saves one from all despair and raises up everlasting salvation.<sup class=\"footnote-marker\">39</sup><i class=\"footnote\">The second half of this paragraph is especially unclear.</i>",
|
30 |
+
"The people rises to these levels when it knows its own particular spirit. This self-knowledge allows the people to be crowned with the divine Torah that stands at the summit of the world. However inhospitable, or even hostile, the surroundings are to the godly heights for which Israel yearns, she will not be caught in their snares but will go confidently on her way. Then her natural inner character and the splendor of her power of moral choice will be awakened. The shmita and the Jubilee will adorn her, and the land will respond to the people, with all the spiritual goodness that is within her, attuned to the joy of shmita and the Jubilee. โI will ordain my blessing for you in the sixth year so that it shall yield a crop sufficient for three years.โ<sup class=\"footnote-marker\">40</sup><i class=\"footnote\">Lev. 25:21. The verse promises Godโs blessing on the sixth year so that the shmita will not cause shortage or hardship.</i> โThe pasturelands distill it; the hills are girded with joy. The meadows are clothed with flocks, the valleys mantled with grain; they raise a shout, they break into song.โ<sup class=\"footnote-marker\">41</sup><i class=\"footnote\">Ps. 65:13โ14. The antecedent of โitโ in the previous verse (65:12) is โGodโs bounty.โ Rav Kook cites this verse as an image of blessing and plenty.</i>",
|
31 |
+
"When Israelโs awareness of its own spirit became foggyโโIsrael rejects what is goodโ<sup class=\"footnote-marker\">42</sup><i class=\"footnote\">Hosea 8:3. See also <i>Orot hakodesh</i>, 3:140, where Rav Kook cites the same biblical verse to connote the spurningโby the individual or communityโof oneโs unique, divine source of being.</i>โthe people forgot its strength and pride. Looking superficially at their undeveloped and wild environment made them forget their inner greatness. The yearning for a refined, godly life slipped from their hearts, as did the sense of joyful strength that one has when life is clothed in deeds. Clear, simple, pure-hearted understanding ceased, and the light of justice was dimmed. In its place came the coarse imagination of a lawless society, and the dumb, evil delusions of idolatry, with all its attendant abominations. Under their burden, the sublime, divine character of the people was smothered, and there were no more pure, upright, and serene hearts. This moral collapse in the nation was matched by a decline in the spiritual character of the land, which had always been intertwined with the moral life of the people. As the people became spiritually weaker, the special qualities of the land could no longer find fulfillment. The spirit of the precious land, full of holy song and godly gladness, plummeted. โThus the land became defiled; and I called it to account for its iniquity, and the land spewed out its inhabitants.โ<sup class=\"footnote-marker\">43</sup><i class=\"footnote\">Lev. 18:25.</i> The people absorbed bad influences, which coarsened its pure nature.",
|
32 |
+
"โIn that their mother has played the harlot, she that conceived them has acted shamelessly.โ<sup class=\"footnote-marker\">44</sup><i class=\"footnote\">Hosea 2:7. The prophet compares Israelโs pursuit of idolatry to an adulterous womanโs pursuit of lovers.</i> Even the most holy images engraved on the face of the people became toxic: โYour new moons and fixed seasons fill me with loathing. They have become a burden to me, and I cannot endure them.โ<sup class=\"footnote-marker\">45</sup><i class=\"footnote\">Isa. 1:7. In this passage, God rejects the peopleโs ritual worship when their moral life is full of oppression and cruelty.</i> When national life became defiled, the power of ethics increased,<sup class=\"footnote-marker\">46</sup><i class=\"footnote\">This statement might appear paradoxical in the context of a passage about the moral collapse of the people. The meaning appears to be that, with the decline of the national, political life of the Jewish people, there were outbursts of moral intensity, but these were unsustainable in the absence of supporting political institutions. Rav Kook may have been thinking of a phenomenon analogous to the proliferation of ascetic Jewish sects toward the end of the Second Temple period.</i> but with the surrounding political turmoil, the result was simply inner anguish and confusion. These two elementsโthe people and the land, which, when healthy, had given each other so much grace and power for goodโmade each other sicker and more corrupt. Finally, they had to take the cruel-kind medicine, the dreadful surgical operation of separating the people from the landโโBecause of our sins, we were exiled from our country and distanced from our land.โ<sup class=\"footnote-marker\">47</sup><i class=\"footnote\">Taken from the <i>musaf</i> prayer for the new moon and festivals.</i>",
|
33 |
+
"From deep within the peopleโs terrible troubles, after their turbulent national life with all its destructive turmoil had been taken away from them, their spiritual light and strength began gradually to return to the levels from which it had declined. The peopleโs spirit began to soar again, the longer they were separated from politics and statecraftโwhich are poisonous to a broken society. โI stipulated with her: in return, you will go a long time without either fornicating or marrying; even I shall not cohabit with you. For the Israelites shall go a long time without king and without officials, without sacrifice and without cult pillars and without ephod and teraphim.โ<sup class=\"footnote-marker\">48</sup><i class=\"footnote\">Hosea 3:2. In this passage, the betrayed husband takes back his previously unfaithful wife, giving her merely โfifteen pieces of silver, a <i>แธฅomer</i> of barley, and a <i>letekh</i> of barley.โ Similarly, God resumes his intimacy with the Jewish people but removes from them the trappings of national sovereignty, which had aided their betrayal.</i> โIn that day, I will destroy the horses in your midst and wreck your chariots. I will destroy the cities of your land and demolish all your fortresses. I will destroy the sorcery you practice, and you shall have no more soothsayers. I will destroy your idols and the sacred pillars in your midst; and no more shall you bow down to the work of your hands.โ<sup class=\"footnote-marker\">49</sup><i class=\"footnote\">Mic. 5:9โ12.</i>",
|
34 |
+
"โI will make the land desolate, so that your enemies who settle in it shall be appalled by it. And you, I will scatter among the nations, and I will unsheathe the sword against you. Your land shall become a desolation and your cities a ruin. Then shall the land make up for its Sabbath years, throughout the time that it is desolate and you are in the land of your enemies; then shall the land rest and make up for its Sabbath years. Throughout the time that it is desolate, it shall observe the rest that it did not observe in your Sabbath years while you were dwelling upon it.โ<sup class=\"footnote-marker\">50</sup><i class=\"footnote\">Lev. 26:32โ35. These verses imply that exile was the punishment for not ob-serving shmita; during the years of dispersion, the land will make up for the sabbaticals that were not properly kept while the Jewish people dwelled in the land.</i>",
|
35 |
+
"โFor the land shall be forsaken of them, making up for its Sabbath years by being desolate of them, while they atone for their iniquity; for the abundant reason that they rejected My rules and spurned My laws.โ<sup class=\"footnote-marker\">51</sup><i class=\"footnote\">Lev. 26:43.</i>",
|
36 |
+
"In exile, Israel abandoned its preoccupation with secular matters that concerned the people as a whole, and turned its eyes and hearts toward heaven. It stopped trying to amass power, chariots, and horses like every other people on earth, and the nation as a collective ceased all materialist pursuits. It no longer desired the debaucheries of the surrounding peoples. The spirit of God began to beat within the people once again and to awaken them to know the true heights of the human soul. So, too, they became aware once more of the Jewish peopleโs spiritual potential. The Torah became more precious to them โthan gold, than much fine gold,โ<sup class=\"footnote-marker\">52</sup><i class=\"footnote\">Ps. 19:11.</i> as it had been in the good times of the peopleโs youth. They were willing to accept death joyfully for the sake of their holy faith and commandments. Their eyes and hearts, which were habitually cast heavenward, began to recuperate<sup class=\"footnote-marker\">53</sup><i class=\"footnote\">See Jer. 8:22.</i> from the backslidings and sins of their national life. From the time they were separated from the land, they turned toward itโnot with the greedy gaze of one who sits in his house and desires to reacquire the land that he had sold because it supplied him with bread and other physical needs, but rather with a look of holy love for its inner character, befitting the godly desire that had begun to return to the people.",
|
37 |
+
"So the land will shake off the impurity of the โdrunkards of Ephraimโ<sup class=\"footnote-marker\">54</sup><i class=\"footnote\">Isa. 28:1. The full verse reads: โAh, the proud crowns of the drunkards of Ephraim, whose glorious beauty is but wilted flowers on the heads of men bloated with rich food, who are overcome with wine.โ</i>โthe rebellious rulers and gangs of thieves who love bribery and pursue only their own gain, kicking against God out of their abundance of good things. They will melt away, along with all their power and glory. After a long time, scattered individuals gradually began returning to the land, drawn there by Godโs hand and by the holiness of the land rather than by any concern with material well-being or with reestablishing national government.<sup class=\"footnote-marker\">55</sup><i class=\"footnote\">Rav Kook refers to the trickle of pious individual Jews who found their way to the Land of Israel from the thirteenth century onward. In the early nine-teenth century, the numbers of such immigrants increased, motivated by the messianic expectations directed to the 600th year of the sixth millennium (1840), based on prophecies of the Zohar. Between 1808 and 1840, the Jew-ish community in the Land of Israel more than doubled in size. The most notable group consisted of more than 500 disciples of the Gaon of Vilna, who arrived around 1813. See Arie Morgenstern, <i>Hastening Redemption: Messianism and the Resettlement of the Land of Israel</i> (Oxford: Oxford Univer-sity Press, 2006), for an account of the fascinating and little-known episode of pre-Zionist Jewish immigration to Israel.</i>",
|
38 |
+
"โThe appointed time of salvation is concealed.โ<sup class=\"footnote-marker\">56</sup><i class=\"footnote\">This appears to be a reference to Rashiโs comment on Gen. 49:1: Jacob โwished to reveal the messianic end, but the divine presence was re-moved from him.โ See also Rashiโs source, Genesis Raba 98:2.</i> โWhat is in the heart is not revealed to the mouth.โ<sup class=\"footnote-marker\">57</sup><i class=\"footnote\">Kohelet Raba 12:10.</i> Who can know Godโs secrets and say precisely when the impurity of the land and the people will be lifted, when the spirit, hidden in its essence but revealed in its actions, will return once again in response to improvements in the outward situation that enable its reappearance in strength and purity upon the people and the land? When will the time of lovers come again, when the people and the land will reunite and mutual goodness and blessing will flow from their relationshipโnot like in the days of darkness? No one knows. So we raise our eyes to see the signs that are hidden in plain sight. In their vision of the messianic era, the sages said that โthere is no messianic portent more obvious than thisโ:<sup class=\"footnote-marker\">58</sup><i class=\"footnote\">Talmud Bavli, Sanhedrin 98a. See also Rashi ad loc. โWhen the Land of Israel generously gives of her fruits, then redemption is drawing near; there is no more obvious sign of the messianic end than this.โ Rav Kook urges paying attention to the renewed flourishing of agriculture in the Land of Israel as a portent of impending redemption.</i> โBut you, O mountains of Israel, shall yield your produce and bear your fruit for My people Israel, for their return is near. For I will care for you: I will turn to you, and you shall be tilled and sown. I will settle a large population on you, the whole house of Israel; the towns shall be resettled and the ruined sites rebuilt. I will multiply men and beasts upon you, and they shall increase and be fertile, and I will resettle you as you were formerly, and will make you more prosperous than you were at first. And you shall know that I am the Lord.โ<sup class=\"footnote-marker\">59</sup><i class=\"footnote\">Ezek. 36:8โ11. This is the prooftext cited in Sanhedrin 98a (see n. 59 above).</i>",
|
39 |
+
"So long as the anger has not been assuaged, and so long as the sickness in the depths of the peopleโs soul has not been fully cured, there was every reason for them to turn only to heaven for support. Because of the extent of the landโs destruction, people were not interested in trying to live a life closely tied to the earth; if dreams of restoring political sovereignty had occurred to them then, their confusions and ancient corruptions would likely have been to return and reawaken. So their spiritual vision was blocked, and most people forgot about the land, and the scattered individuals who were concerned with it related to it as a spiritual ideal rather than as a physical reality.",
|
40 |
+
"But with the fulfillment of the whole measure of Godโs rebuke (which refines not just individuals, who began to return from the early days of the exile, but also the spirit of the nation as a whole, which lifts up with it the degraded spirit of the land), the mourning for Zion began to seek outlets in action. The people that felt itself abandoned by Zion began to conceive the desire to return to its city and its land, to find there a life that would be more whole, in which the spiritual and physical could be healed simultaneously. Then the spirit began secretly to beat again, imperceptibly to most peopleโโEven those close to Him cannot foresee His actions.โ<sup class=\"footnote-marker\">60</sup><i class=\"footnote\">Job 24:1.</i> Even if this initial growth was apparent to those with seeing hearts and holy souls, they saw it yet did not recognize its strength and substance, until they turned around and there it wasโrevealing itself. Those tendrils of new life that were closest to material urges were the first to show perceptible traces. The desire for land, for physical work, for social organization were not strange to the most exalted spirits of this long-suffering people that had generally forgotten the ways of physical existence and that was indebted for its material support to others.",
|
41 |
+
"Now we need dauntless people to step forward. They must strengthen the weak of spirit, raise up the despairing, support the falling, and declare loudly, โZion: do not give up!โ The spirit of the living, hidden God, concealed throughout the exile is being revealed. It can fully appear only in a people living a holistic life on its own land. Just as with individuals, the divine presence rests only on one who is strong, self-sufficient, and dignified, as well as possessing spiritual qualities of wisdom and humility, so, too, the divine presence rests only on the people collectively when they are strong, materially self-sufficient, and upright (these qualities, however, find their true value when they serve as a basis for the flourishing of a godly spirit, filled with the light of righteous humility).",
|
42 |
+
"Dumbfounded of spirit, knees quaking from the oppression of enemies and humiliating wanderings, devoid of hope or consolation in the lands of strangers, scattered exiles started to arrive in the land. Bleary-eyed from all the darkness of exile after exile, it was hard for them to absorb the great light that they found sown in the land. Their stature is still not upright and their spirits not yet revived, and the spirit of God is not yet revealed in full force. But scattered shafts of spiritual life suggest that the revealed end is coming closer. All in whom the divine spirit resonates feel themselves to be among the pioneering builders who are constructing the nationโs home in its beloved, eternal land.",
|
43 |
+
"The reestablishment of the people in its holy land is still young, and what has been built until now is minuscule compared to the grandeur of our hope, which is mantled in godly powerโโI, who planted the skies and made firm the earth, have said to Zion, you are My people!โ<sup class=\"footnote-marker\">61</sup><i class=\"footnote\">Isa. 51:16.</i> So, too, the spiritual revival within us that is starting to raise up our precious country is small and weak. The glory that will appear when shmita and <i>yovel</i> are observed on the holy land still seem far away. Nonetheless, our spirits are lifted by what we <i>can</i> fulfill of the mitzvot that are connected to the land, even though what we have is still only partial. Now is the time to revive those aspects of the Torah that speak precisely to the revival of the land: learning about the special mitzvot of the land is becoming more and more significant for all those of Godโs people who are focusing on what is happening in the land to which Godโs spirit has returnedโwhere a special holiness must be reflected and revealed by those who are living here, above and beyond the demands that the rest of the Torah makes on us wherever we are.",
|
44 |
+
"โLearning leads to action.โ<sup class=\"footnote-marker\">62</sup><i class=\"footnote\">Talmud Bavli, Kiddushin 40b. โLearning is greater [than action] because learning leads to action.โ This is Rabbi Akivaโs opinion, cited in the talmudic debate about whether study is greater than deeds. Through citing this source, Rav Kook expresses the hope that the study of shmita will lead to its fuller observance.</i> Studying the halakhot to gain clarity and breadth of understanding, writing books, and expanding research all increase awareness and love of the mitzvot connected to the land, which were forgotten by most of the people for many centuries. The divine light that suffuses every letter of every detail of the Torah awakens in us a desire to carefully observe these commandments in their entirety. Consciousness of their justice and importance will grow as the study of the Torah concerning them becomes greater and more magnificent.",
|
45 |
+
"Now the shmita year has arrived (according to the reckoning that we have). Owing to the poor situation of our settlements in the land, we will have to make do with the temporary expedient that was endorsed some time ago by the greatest authorities of the generation, who understood deeply the situation of the new settlement in our holy land.<sup class=\"footnote-marker\">63</sup><i class=\"footnote\">Rav Kook refers here to the <i>heter mekhira</i> device of selling the land for the duration of the shmita.</i> They had a penetrating sense of what it could become in the future and knew not to belittle its smallness because they understood that plowing these first furrows on our land could be a โgateway of hopeโ<sup class=\"footnote-marker\">64</sup><i class=\"footnote\">Hosea 2:17. Rav Kook quotes from the passage that likens Israelโs turn to idolatry to a womanโs adultery, which he has previously cited in his introduction. This verse describes the loversโ reconciliation. In Hebrew, the phrase is<i> petaแธฅ tikva</i>, which was the name given to one of the first modern agricultural<i> </i>settlements in Israel (founded in 1878) for similar reasons.</i> for our people and portend the growth of a salvation that โcame from the Lord.โ<sup class=\"footnote-marker\">65</sup><i class=\"footnote\">Ps. 118:23.</i> They realized their historical obligation to smooth the path of the new settlements and, as much as possible, not to let the mitzvot that are connected to the land be obstacles. God does not make tyrannical and unreasonable demands of His creatures. The circumstances that allow us to be lenient regarding mitzvot pertaining to the whole community when there is the likelihood of significant financial loss, or in a temporary situation of acute need, are all compounded in this case to an extent unparalleled in the annals of legal questions that have arisen throughout our lengthy exile. Despite the suspension of the mitzvah (of shmita) that is entailed by this temporary edict, there are still some halakhot pertaining to shmita that we are required to observe. And those who are especially God-fearing, whose holy love of the mitzvot connected to the land that we have long yearned to observe is so great, are not deterred by the trouble and loss they may incur through fully observing shmita as it should beโand they shall be blessed!",
|
46 |
+
"In addition, learning itself leads to action. Studying the halakhot will engrave them on our hearts. From one shmita year to the next, more and more people will be caught up with enthusiasm. With godly boldness in their hearts, they will broaden the fulfillment of the mitzvah in all its details. The fierce joy that will be generated by Israel observing the shmita on the holy mountain<sup class=\"footnote-marker\">66</sup><i class=\"footnote\">Jerusalem. See, e.g., Isa. 56:7.</i> will lead, in the future, to its complete and all-encompassing fulfillment.",
|
47 |
+
"The holiness of shmita will emanate from the spirit of God that hovers over His people and land and spread to all lifeโto all Godโs people and especially to those who live in the holy shelter of this precious land, in the sweet companionship of its loving refuge. The spirit of the Jubilee, which lies latent, will appear from within the storehouse of holiness that is in the shmita, and the sound of the shofar will herald salvation, rousing the sleepy and encouraging the recently redeemed.",
|
48 |
+
"That is why I felt obliged to write this book laying out the halakhot of shmita, with Godโs help.",
|
49 |
+
"I hope to God that through it, the Torah will be made great and glorious; that I and all those who yearn to learn of Godโs ways, especially my brothers, whom I call upon in pleasantness, the great Torah scholars of the Land of Israel, will merit to expand our teaching about the mitzvot that concern the land, and especially shmita. And alongside our involvement in the practical halakhot, may our hearts be strengthened with wisdom and discernment to know, with a spirit that is filled with counsel and strength, the light of divine knowledge that is being granted to our holy land, which we have been fortunate to inherit; and may this spirit of this knowledge fill and strengthen us with sound understanding and save us from errors for the sake of His name and inheritance.",
|
50 |
+
"May Godโs word to the prophets be soon fulfilled:",
|
51 |
+
"โI will take you from among the nations and gather you from all countries, and I will bring you back to your land. I will sprinkle clean water upon you and you shall be clean: I will cleanse you from all your uncleanness and all your fetishes. And I will give you a new heart and put a new spirit into you: I will remove the heart of stone from your body and give you a heart of flesh; and I will put My spirit into you. Thus I will cause you to follow My laws and faithfully to observe My rules. Then you shall dwell in the land that I gave to your father, and you shall be My people and I will be your God. And when I have delivered you from all your uncleanness, I will summon the grain and make it abundant, and I will not bring famine upon you. I will make the fruit of your trees and the crops of your fields abundant, so that you shall never again be humiliated before the nations because of the famine.โ<sup class=\"footnote-marker\">67</sup><i class=\"footnote\">Ezek. 36:24โ30.</i>",
|
52 |
+
"โThus said the Lord, God: when I have cleansed you of all your iniquities, I will people your settlements, and the ruined places shall be rebuilt; and the desolate land, after laying waste in the sight of every passerby, shall again be tilled. And men shall say, โThat land, once desolate, has now become like the garden of Eden; and the cities, once ruined, desolate, and ravaged, are now populated and fortified.โ And the nations that are left around you shall know that I the Lord have rebuilt the ravaged places and replanted the desolate land. I the Lord have spoken and will act.โ<sup class=\"footnote-marker\">68</sup><i class=\"footnote\">Ezek. 36:33โ36.</i>",
|
53 |
+
"<i>The holy city of Jaffa, may it be built and established, 1909.</i>"
|
54 |
+
],
|
55 |
+
"Clarification": [],
|
56 |
+
"Preface": [],
|
57 |
+
"Laws of Shemitah": [],
|
58 |
+
"Kuntres Acharon": []
|
59 |
+
},
|
60 |
+
"versions": [
|
61 |
+
[
|
62 |
+
"Rav Kook's Introduction to Shabbat Ha'aretz, trans. by Julian Sinclair Hazon, NY 2014",
|
63 |
+
"https://www.nli.org.il/he/books/NNL_ALEPH003779208/NLI"
|
64 |
+
]
|
65 |
+
],
|
66 |
+
"heTitle": "ืฉืืช ืืืจืฅ",
|
67 |
+
"categories": [
|
68 |
+
"Halakhah",
|
69 |
+
"Acharonim"
|
70 |
+
],
|
71 |
+
"schema": {
|
72 |
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"heTitle": "ืฉืืช ืืืจืฅ",
|
73 |
+
"enTitle": "Shabbat HaAretz",
|
74 |
+
"key": "Shabbat HaAretz",
|
75 |
+
"nodes": [
|
76 |
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{
|
77 |
+
"heTitle": "ืืงืืื",
|
78 |
+
"enTitle": "Introduction"
|
79 |
+
},
|
80 |
+
{
|
81 |
+
"heTitle": "ืืืืช ืืืืืขื",
|
82 |
+
"enTitle": "Clarification"
|
83 |
+
},
|
84 |
+
{
|
85 |
+
"heTitle": "ืคืชื ืืืจ",
|
86 |
+
"enTitle": "Preface"
|
87 |
+
},
|
88 |
+
{
|
89 |
+
"heTitle": "ืืืืืช ืฉืืืื",
|
90 |
+
"enTitle": "Laws of Shemitah"
|
91 |
+
},
|
92 |
+
{
|
93 |
+
"heTitle": "ืงืื ืืจืก ืืืจืื",
|
94 |
+
"enTitle": "Kuntres Acharon"
|
95 |
+
}
|
96 |
+
]
|
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+
}
|
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+
}
|
json/Halakhah/Acharonim/Shabbat HaAretz/Hebrew/Jerusalem, 1937.json
ADDED
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json/Halakhah/Acharonim/Shabbat HaAretz/Hebrew/Rav Kookโs Introduction to Shabbat Haโaretz, Hazon, NY 2014.json
ADDED
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|
1 |
+
{
|
2 |
+
"language": "he",
|
3 |
+
"title": "Shabbat HaAretz",
|
4 |
+
"versionSource": "https://www.nli.org.il/he/books/NNL_ALEPH003779208/NLI",
|
5 |
+
"versionTitle": "Rav Kookโs Introduction to Shabbat Haโaretz, Hazon, NY 2014",
|
6 |
+
"status": "locked",
|
7 |
+
"license": "CC-BY-NC",
|
8 |
+
"actualLanguage": "he",
|
9 |
+
"languageFamilyName": "hebrew",
|
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"isBaseText": true,
|
11 |
+
"isSource": true,
|
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"isPrimary": true,
|
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"direction": "rtl",
|
14 |
+
"heTitle": "ืฉืืช ืืืจืฅ",
|
15 |
+
"categories": [
|
16 |
+
"Halakhah",
|
17 |
+
"Acharonim"
|
18 |
+
],
|
19 |
+
"text": {
|
20 |
+
"Introduction": [
|
21 |
+
"<small>ืจึธืืฉึตืืึพืคึผึฐืจึธืงึดืื ืขึทื ืขึตืจึถืึฐ ืึทืฉืึผึฐืึดืึผึธื ืึฐืึทืึผืึนืึตื ืึผึฐืึทืึผึตื ืึดืฉืึฐืจึธืึตื ืึผึดืึฐืึธื ืึผืึดืชึฐืึดืึผึทืช ืึธืึปืึผึธื, ืึธืึธืจึถืฅ ืึฐืึทืชึผืึนืจึธื, ืึผึฐืืึนืจ ื', ืึตื ืึธืขืึนืึธืึดืื</small>",
|
22 |
+
"ืึผืึดื ืึฐืขึทืึผึฐืึธ ืึผึฐืึดืฉึฐืืจึธืึตื ืึผืึนื ืึถืึธื ืึธึผืึธืจึถืฅ (ืฉืืืื ื', ื' ื\"ื)",
|
23 |
+
"ืึผืึนื ืึถืึธื ืึธึผืึธืจึถืฅ, ืึทืึทึผืื ืึธึผืึธืจึถืฅ ืึตื ืึผืึนื ืึถืึธื, ืขึดืึผึธืึผ ืึดืงึฐึผืจืึผื ืึถืึธื ืึฐืึนื ืึดืื ืึผื ืึดึผืึฐืืึนืึทืืืืึผ. (ืืืจ ืืืงืจื ืฆ\"ื ื')",
|
24 |
+
"ืึทืฉืึผึฐืึดืึผึธื ืึฐืึทืึผืึนืึตื ืึทึผืึฐึผืึทื ึดึผืื, ืึดืชึฐืึทืึฒืกึดืื ืึถื ืึธืึถื, ืึผึฐืืึน ืึทืึทืึผึธื ืึฐืึทืึฐึผืึธื ึธื ืึผึธืขืึนืึธื ืึผืึฐืืึน ืึดืฉืึฐืจึธืึตื ืึฐืึธืึธืึธื ืึผึทื ึผึฐืคึธืฉืืึนืช, โ ืึทืึทืก ืึทืคึผึฐืจึธื ืึฐืึทืึผึฐืึธื, ืฉืึถืึตื, ืึฐึผืืึผืึธื ึธื ืึธืขึทืฆึฐืึดื ืึทืึผืึนืชึตืจ ืึทื ืึฐืืึนืชึตืจ ืจืึผืึธื ึดื, ืฆึฐืจึดืืึดืื ืึถื ืึธืึถื: ืคึผึฐืจึธื ืึทืฆึผึธืจึดืืึฐ ืึทืึฐึผืึธื ืึผืึฐืึธื ืึทืฆึผึธืจึดืืึฐ ืึทืคึผึฐืจึธื.",
|
25 |
+
"\"ืึดื ืืึนื ืึธึผืืึนื ืึฒืฉืึถืจ ืืึน ืึฑืืึนึดืื ืงึฐืจึนืึดืื ืึตืึธืื!\" โ ืกึฐืึปืึผึธืชึธืึผ ืฉึถื ืึฐึผื ึถืกึถืชึพืึดืฉึฐึธืืจืึตื ืึดืื, ืฉืึถืึดืื ืึดืกึฐืชึผึทืึผึถืึถืช ืขึทื ืึทืึฒืึธืึธื ืึผึปืึธื ืึฐึผืึทืกึฐืคึผึทืงึฐืึทืจึฐืึธื ืึทืึผึฐืึดืืจึธื ืฉืึถื ืงึนืึถืฉื: ืึผึฐืึธื ืขึนืึพืึทืึผึถืืึธ ืึดืื ืึทืึถึผืจึถืช, ืฉืึถืึทืึทืึผึดืื ืฉืึธืึดืื ืึตื ืึถืช ืขึถืจึฐืึธึผื ืจึทืง ืึฐึผืืึนืชึธืึผ ืึดืึธึผื ืฉืึถืึตื ืึฑืืึนึดืึดึผืื, ืึฐืึทืึดึผืื ืฉึถืึตืื ึธื ืึฑืึนืึดืึดึผืื ืึตืื ึธื ืฉืึธืึดืื ืึธืึผ ืึฐืืึผืึธื. ืึดืื ืืึนืึทืขึทืช ืขืึนื, ืฉืึถืึผึถืึฑืึถืช ืึตืื ืึทืึผึดืื ืึถืึผึธื ืึฑืึนืึดืึผึดืื, ืึฐืึทืึผึดืื ืฉืึถืึตืื ึธื ืึฑืึนืึดืึผึดืื ืึตืื ึธื ืึทืึผึดืื ืึฐึผืึธื, ืึฐืึทืึผึฐืึดืืขึธื ืึทืึนึผืืช, ืึทืึผึปื ึทึผืึทืช ืึฐึผืขึนืึตืง ืชึผึฐืืึผื ึทืช ื ึดืฉืึฐืึธืชึธืึผ, ืึทืึฐืึทึผืขึทืช ืขึธืึถืืึธ ืึถืช ืืึนืชึทืึพืขึถืจึฐืึผึธืึผ ืึทืึผึฐืึปืึธื ืึธืึผ, ืึทืึปืึฐืึผึธืข ืขึทื ืึธึผื ืึธืึดืื ืึฐืึธืึดืื ืึดืืึดืืึถืืึธ. ืึดึผื ืืึนืจืึนึพืึฐืึดืฉืึฐืขืึน ืฉืึถื ืึทืึผึธืึดืื ืชึผึฐืืึผืึดืื ืึตื ืึผึฐืึดืึทึผืช ืึฐืึดืืขึธืชืึน ืึถืช ืึดืชึฐืขึทืึผึฐืงืึผืชืึน ืึฐืึดืชึฐืึผึทืึผึฐืืึผืชืึน ืฉืึถื ืึทืืึนืชึธื ืึทืึผึฐืึธืื ืึทืึถึผื, ืฉืึถื ืึทืึผึธืจึทืช ืขึตืจึถืึฐ ืึทืึทืึดึผืื ืจึทืง ืึถึผืึฑืึนืึดืึผืึผืชึธื, ืึผึฐืชืึนืึฐ ืขึนืึถืง ื ึดืฉืึฐืึธืชืึน. \"ืึฐืึทืชึผึถื ืึทืึฐึผืึตืงึดืื ืึผึทื' ืึฑืืึนึตืืึถื ืึทืึผึดืื ืึปึผืึฐึผืึถื ืึทืึผืึนื\" โ",
|
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+
"ืึทืึทืึดึผืื, ืข\"ืค ืขึตืจึถื ืึธืึฑืืึนึดืึผืึผืช ืฉึผึถืึผึธืึถื, ืึตืื ึธื ืึดืชึฐืึทืึดึผืื ืึถื ืึทืึทึผืึดืื ืึถืึผึธื ืึฐึผืืึนืชึธืึผ ืึดืึธึผื, ืฉืึถืืึผื ืึดืชึฐืึทืึผึตืฅ ืึดืึฐืืึนืช ื ึดืฉืึฐืึธืฃ ืึฐึผืึธื ืึฒืึธืึธืชืึน ืึฐึผืชืึนืึดืึผืึผืชึธืึผ ืฉืึถื ืึฐึผืึธืืึผืช ืึธืึปืึผึธื, ืึดืึฐืืึนืช ืึปืึฐืึธืจ ืึดืึนืึทืจ ื ึดืฉืึฐืึธืชึธืึผึพืึธืขึถืึฐืืึนื ึธื, ืึทืึทืึผึธื ืึฐืงึทืึผึถืึถืช ืึผึฐืึทืึธึผืจึทืช ืึทืึฐืงึทืจ ืึธืึฑืึนืึดื ืฉึถื ืึทืึทืึผึดืื ืึดืชึผืึนื ืคึผึฐื ึดืืึดืึผืึผืชึธืึผ ืึทืึฐึผืึธืึดืืช. ",
|
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"ืึถืึทืข ืึทื ึฐึผืฉืึธืึธื ืึทืึผึฐืึธืึดืืช ืฉืึถื ืึผึฐื ึถืกึถืชึพืืฉึฐืืจึธืึตื ืืึผื ืึฑืึนืึดืึผืึผืชึธืึผ. ืึนื ืึผึฐืึดืืจึธืชึธืึผ ืึผึธืจึฐืึธื ืึธืึผ ืึถืช ืึดืชึฐืจืึนื ึธืึผ ืึธืึฑืืึนึดื, ืืึน ืึดืฆึผึทื ืึทืขึฒืฉึถืืึธ ืึทืคึฐึผืจึธืึดืึผึดืื, ืืึน ืึฐืฆึดืึฐืงึธืชึธืึผ ืึฐืึนืฉึถืจึพืึฐืึธืึธืึผ ืึธึผืึธื ืึถื ืึทืขึฒืึธืชึธืึผ: ืชึผึฐืืึผื ึทืชึพืึดึผืึฐืขึธืึผ, ืึทืึผืึผืคึธื ึดื ืึฐืึธืจืึผืึธื ึดื, ืขึธืฉึฐืืชึธื ืึธืึผ ืึถืช ืึตืืึธืึผ ืึฐืึถืช ืขึปืึธึผืึผ ืึถึผืึฑืึนืึดืื, ืึฒืฉืึถืจ ืึนื ืึดึผืึฐืึดืืจึธื ืึธืงึฐืึธื ืืึนืชืึน ืึฐืึนื ืชึผืึผืึทื ืึผึธื ืงึทืึฐืงึธืึธื ืฉืึถื ืึฐึผืึดืืจึธื ืึฐืึทืึฐึผืืึน. ืึตืฉ ืึธืึผ, ืึธืึฐื ึธื, ืึฐืึทืึฐึผืึดืืจึธื ืึธืืึนื ืึธึผืืึนื ืึฐึผืึธื ืกึฐืึปืึผึธื ืึดืึฐืขึดืืช, ืึดึผืึฐืืึนืชึธืึผ ืืึนืึธื ืชึผืึผืึทื ืึฐืคึทื ึฐึผืงึธืึผ, ืึฐืขึทืึฐึผื ึธืึผ, ืึฐืืึนืฆึดืืึธืึผ ืึทืคึผึนืขึทื ืึฐึผืึนืคึถื ืฉืึธืึตื ืึฐืึธืฉืืึผื, ืึฐืึตื ืึดึผืึฐืืึนืชึธืึผ ืจึธืขึธื ืึผืฉืึฐืคึธืึธื ืชึผืึผืึทื ืึฐืึทืึฐืฉืึดืืึฐ ืึถืช ืึทืึผึธืืึนืจ ืฉืึถืึทึผืกึฐืึปืึธึผื ืึทืึผึดืึฐืขึดืืช ืึฐืึทืขึฒืืจึน ืึถืช ืึธืึณืจืึน, ืึฐืึทืึฐืึตื ืึถืช ืึทืึผึตื ืึฐืึทื ืึธืืึผืฉื ืึถืช ืึธืขืฉึนึถืจ ืึธืจืึผืึธื ึดื ืึทืฆึผึธืคืึผื ืึผึฐืชืึนืึฐ ืึทืึผึตืึพืึทื ึผึฐืฉืึธืึธื. ืึฒืึธื ืืึน ืืึผืึฐืืึผ ืึดืึฐืืึผืึพืึทืึผึตื ืึฐืึทืึฐืฉืึธืึทืช ืึทืึผึธืืึนืจ ืึฐืึดืึผึธืฉืึตืึฐ ืึฐืขืึนืึธื. ืึทืกึผึฐืึปืึธึผื ืึทืึผึดืึฐืขึดืืช ืึฐึผืืึผืึธื ืึดืื ืึผึฐืงึดืึผืึผืึธืึผ ืึผืึฐืึดืชึฐืขืึนืจึฐืจืึผืชึธืึผ ืึดืชึฐืึดืึผึธื.",
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"ืกึฐืึปืึทึผืช ืึธืึปืึธึผื, โ ืึทืึผืึผื ืึธืึฑืืึนึดื ืึทืึผึธืืึผืขึท ืึผึฐืงึดืจึฐืึผึธืึผ, ืกึตืึถืจึพืึธืขืึนืึธื, ืึทืึทืึผึดืื ืึทืึฐืฉืึธืจึดืื ืึฐืึทืืึนืึดืื ืึทืึผึทืชึฐืึดืืึดืื ืึถื ืึทืฆึผึถืึถืง ืึฐืึทืึนึผืฉืึถืจ, ืึทืฉืึผึถืงึถื ืึฐืึทืฉืึผึธืึฐืึธื, ืึทืึตื ืึฐืึธืืึนึตืฅ ืึทืึฐึผืึปืึผึธืึดืื ืึผึฐืึดืกึฐืชึทึผืึฐึผืืึผืช ืึฑืืึนึดืืช ืึทืงึถึผืคึถืช, ืึฐึผืคึดื ืึทื ืฉืึผึถืึดืื ื ึดืึฐืฆึตืืช ืึผึฐื ึดืฉืึฐืึทืชึพืึธืึปืึผึธื, โ ืึตืื ืึทืึผึตื ืึทืืึนื ืึฐืืึนืึดืื ืึฐืืึนืฆึดืืึธืึผ ืึดื ืึทืึนึผื ืึถื ืึทืคึผึนืขึทื. ืึทืึผึดืื ืึตืึผึถื ืึผึดืึฐืืึผืึธืชึธื ืึทืึผึทืขึฒืฉืึดืืช ืึทืชึผึฐืืึผืคึธื ืึทืกึฐืชึผึดืืจึดืื ืึตื ืึถืช ืึทืืึนื ืึธืจืึผืึธื ึดื ืฉึถื ืึทื ึผึฐืฉืึธืึธื ืึธืึฑืืึนึดืืช, ืึผืึฐืขึทืึฐึผืึดืื ืึถืช ืึทืึฐืจึธืึทืช ืืึนืจึธืึผ ืึทืึผึธืึดืืจ ืึฐืึทืึผึธืฉืึธืจ ืึฐืชืึนืึฐ ืึทืึฐืฆึดืืืึผืช ืึทืึดืึผืึนื ึดืืช ืึทืฉืึผืึนืึถืึถืช. ืึฐึผืึดืืคึทืช ืึทืึดึผืึผืึผื ืึฐืึทืึดืฉืึฐืชึผึทืึผึฐืืึผืช ืฉืึถื ืึทืึทืึดึผืื ืฆึฐืจึดืืึธื ืฉืึถืชึผึตืฆึตื ืึถื ืึทืคึผึนืขึทื ืขึทืึพืึฐืึตื ื ึฐืชึดืื ึทืชึพืจึถืึทื, ืฉืึถื ืึทืคึฐืกึธืงึธื ืึฐืึดืชึฐื ึทืขึฒืจืึผืช, ืึดืึผึฐืืึผืึทืชึพืึทืึทืึผึดืื ืึธืจึฐืึดืืึธื. ",
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"ืึทืึผึธืึดืื ืึดืชึฐื ึทืขึตืจ ืึตืึทืึผึตืึพืึทืืึนื ืึดืคึฐืจึธืงึดืื ืงึฐืจืึนืึดืื, โ ืึผึฐืึธื ืฉืึทืึผึธืช. \"ืึผึธื ืฉืึทืึผึธืช ืึผึธืึธื ืึฐื ืึผืึธื\", ืึทืชึฐืึถืึถืช ืึทื ึผึถืคึถืฉ ืึฐืึดืฉืึฐืชึผึทืึฐืจึตืจ ืึดืึฐึผืึธืึถืืึธ ืึทืงึธึผืฉืึดืื, \"ืึฐึผืืึนื ืึธื ึดืืึท ื' ืึฐืึธ ืึตืขึธืฆึฐืึฐึผืึธ ืึผืึตืจึธืึฐืึถืึธ ืึผืึดื ืึธืขึฒืึนืึธื ืึทืงึธึผืฉืึธื ืึฒืฉืึถืจ ืขึปืึทึผื ืึผึธืึฐ\", ืึผืึฐืึทืงึถึผืฉืึถืช ืึดืื ืึธืึผ ืึธื ื ึฐืชึดืืืึนืช ืขึถืึฐืืึนื ืึนืช, ืึฒืคึธืฆึดืื ืจืึผืึธื ึดืึผึดืื, ืึฐึผืคึดื ืึถืึทืขึพืึฐืงืึนืจึธืึผ, \"ืืึนื ืึฐืึนืืึนืช ืึทื' ืึผืึฐืึทืึผึตืจ ืึฐืฉืึดืึฐืึธ ืขึถืึฐืืึนื. ืึฐืึทืึผึดืื ืึผึทืึผืงึนึถืจ ืึทืกึฐืึถึผืึธ ืึถืึฑืืึผื ึธืชึฐืึธ ืึทึผืึผึตืืืึนืช. ืขืึตื ืขึธืฉืืึนืจ ืึทืขึฒืึตื ื ึธืึถื ืขึฒืึตื ืึดืึธึผืืึนื ืึฐึผืึดื ึผืึนืจ.\" \"ืึผึตืื ึดื ืึผืึตืื ืึผึฐื ึตื ืึดืฉืึฐืจึธืึตื ืืึนืช ืึดืื ืึฐืขืึนึธื!\" ืืึนื ืงึธืืึนืฉื, ืึฒืฉืึถืจ ืึผืึน ืชึดึผืชึฐืึผึทืึผึถื ื ึฐืึดืึผึทืช ืึธืึปืึผึธื โ ืึทื ึผึฐืึดืึผึธื ืฉืึถื ืึทืึทืึผึดืื ืึทืึฑืืึนึดืึผืื ืึฐึผืืึน ืฉืึถืึตื โ ืึผึดืืึดืืึถืืึธ, ืืึนืช ืึดืื ืึธืึปืึธึผื ืฉืึถืึตืฉื ืึผึดืกึฐืึปืึทึผืช ื ึดืฉืึฐืึทืชืึผ ืฆืจึนึถืึฐ ืึดืืืึนึถืช ืึฐืึดืชึฐืขึทื ึผึตื ืขึทื ื', โ ืึฐื ืขึนึทื ืึฑืืึนึดื, ืึทืึดึผืชึฐืึทึผื ึผึตืก ืึดื ึฐืงึปืึธึผื ืจืึผืึธื ึดืืช ืฉืึถื ื ึฐืฉืึธืึธืึพืึฐืชึตืจึธื, ืฉืึธืจืึผื ืึผึฐืึดืึผืึน ืฉืึถื ืึธึผื ืึธืึดืื ืึดืึผึธื ึถืืึธ.",
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"ืึถืช ืืึนืชึธืึผ ืึทืคึผึฐืขืึผืึธื, ืฉึถืึทืฉืึผึทืึธึผืช ืคึผืึนืขึถืึถืช ืขึทื ืึผึธื ืึธืึดืื, ืคึผืึนืขึถืึถืช ืึดืื ืึทืฉืึผึฐืึดืึผึธื ืขึทื ืึธืึปืึผึธื ืึดึผืึฐืึธืึธืึผ. ืฆึนืจึถืึฐ ืึฐืึปืึทื ืืึผื ืึฐืึปืึผึธื ืืึน, ืฉืึถืึทืึฐืฆึดืืจึธื ืึธืึฑืึนืึดืืช ื ึฐืืึผืขึธื ืึฐึผืงึดืจึฐืึธึผื ืึฐึผืึนืคึถื ืึผืึนืึตื ืึฐื ึดืฆึฐืึดื, ืึผึดื ืึดืึฐึผืึทื ืึดืึฐืึทื ืึดืชึฐืึทึผืึผึถื ืึฐึผืชืึนืึธืึผ ืึทืึผึธืืึนืจ ืึธืึฑืึนืึดื ืฉืึถืึผึธืึผ ืึฐึผืึธื ืึฐืึนื ืึธืึณืจืึน, ืึฒืฉืึถืจ ืึนื ืึทืฉืึฐืึดึผืืชืึผืืึผ ืึทืึผึตืึพืึทืึถืึฐืจึธืึพืฉืึถืึพืืึนื ืขึดื ืึถืขึธืึธื ืึฐืึทืึฐ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝืึธืึธื, ืึทืึผึทืขึทืฃ ืึฐืึทืชึผึทืึฒืจืึผืช ืึฒืฉืึถืจ ืืึตื, ืึฐืึทืขึทื ืชึผืึผืึทื ืึฐืึดืชึฐึทืืึผึนืืช ืึฐึผืงึดึฐืจืึธึผืึผ ืคึผึฐึดื ืืึธื ืึธืึณึทืจืช ื ึดืฉืึฐืึทืชืึผ ืึผึดืึฐืึธืืึผืชึธืึผ ืึฐึผืืึนึพืฉืึถืึดืื. ืึฐืึดื ืืึนืชึธืึผ ืึธืึทืึผึดืืจึดืึผืึผืช, ืึทืึผึปืึฐืจึทืึทืช ืึฐืึดืชึฐืึทืึผืึนืช ืขึดื ืึธึผื ืกึตืึถืจ ืฉืึถื ืึทืึผึตืึพืฆึดืึผืึผืจ ืงึฐืืึผืขึดืื, ืืึนืจึถืึถืช ืึฐืึทืงึฐึผืึดืื ืึถืช ืขึฒืึดืื ืึผืชึพืึทืึทืึผึดืื ืึทืึผืึผืกึธืจึดืืช, ืึฐืึทื ึดืึผืึผื, ืึทืึผึทืชึฐืึดืื ืฉืึถืึผึตืื ืึทืฉืึผึฐืึดืืขึธื ืึธืึดืืึตืืึธืึดืืช ืึทืึทืึฐืจึธืึธื ืฉืึถื ืึถืกึถื ืึถืึฑืึถืช, ืึถืึฐืึธื ืึฐืจึทืึฒืึดืื, ืึฐืึตืื ืึทื ึฐึผืึดืืฉึธืื ืึฐืึทืึผึฐืคึดืึธึผื ืึฐืึทืึทืฅ ืึทืงึผึฐืคึธึผืึธื ืฉืึถื ืงึดื ึฐืึธื ืึผืจึฐืืึผืฉื, ืึทืึปึผืึฐืจึธืึดืื ืึฐืึตืจึธืืึนืช ืึผึธืขืึนืึธื ืึทืึทึผืขึฒืฉืึดื, ืึผืึนืจึตื ืึทืจึฐืึธืงึธื ืึธืืึนืจ ืึธืึฑืืึนึดื ืึดืชึผึฐืืึผื ึทืช ืึทืึธึผืจึธืชึธืึผ ืึทืฆึผึดืึผืึผืจึดืืช ืฉืึถื ืึธืึปืึผึธื, ืฉืึถืึทืจึฐืึธืงึธื ืืึน ืึฐืคึทืขึฐืคึผึทืขึทืช ืึผึฐืึถืจึถืก ืึทึผื ืึฐึผืืึผืกึธืจึธื ืฉืึถื ืึทืึฐึผืึดืืึดืื, โ ืึดื ึตึผื ืึทืคึฐืกึธืงึธืช ืึทืกึตืึถืจ ืึทืึถืึฐืจึธืชึดื ืึผึดืฆึฐืึธืึดืื ืึฐืืึผืขึดืื, ืึดืชึผึฐืงืึผืคึธื ืึดืชึฐืงืึผืคึธื, ืึฐืึดืืึธื ืึฐืึปืึธึผื ืืึน, ืึฐึผืฉืึถืึดืื ืึฐืกึปืึผึถืจึถืช, ืขึทื ืึฐืืึนื ึธืึผ, ืึดืืึตื ืขึฒืึดืึธืชึผึธืึผ ืึธืขึทืฆึฐืึดืืช ืึดืึฐืจืึนืึตื ืึทืชึผึฐืืึผื ืึนืช ืึทืคึผึฐื ึดืืึดืึผืึนืช ืฉืึถืึผึทืึทืึผึดืื ืึทืึผืึผืกึธืจึดืึผึดืื ืึฐืึธืจืึผืึธื ึดืึผึดืื, ืึดืฆึผึทื ืึทืชึผึนืึถื ืึธืึฑืึนืึดื ืฉืึถืึธึผืึตื, ืึธืขืึนืึตื ืึฐืึทืขึฒืึธื ืึฐืึทืขึฒืึธื ืึดืึธึผื ืชึผึทืึฐืกึดืืก ืึฐืกึตืึถืจ ืึถืึฐืจึธืชึดื ืึฐืืึผื ืึฐืขึทืึตึผื ืึผืึทืขึฒืึถื ืึถืช ืึทืกึผึฐืึธืจึดืื ืึทืึถืึฐืจึธืชึดืึดึผืื ืึฐื ืึนืชึตื ืึธืึตื ืึถืช ืฉืึฐืึตืืึผืชึธื. โ",
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"\"ืึผืึฐืฉึตื ืฉืึถื ึผึถืึฑืึทืจ ืึผึฐืฉืึทืึผึธืช ืึผึฐืจึตืืฉืึดืืช ืฉืึทืึผึธืช ืื' ืึธึผืึฐ ื ึถืึฑืึทืจ ืึผึทืฉืึฐืึดืืขึดืืช: ืฉืึทืึธึผืช ืึทื'.\" ืกึฐืึปืึทึผืช ืึธืึธึถืจืฅ ืืกึฐืึปืึผึทืช ืึธืึปืึผึธื ืึทืชึฐืึดืืืึนืช ืึทืึทื. ืึผึฐืฉืึถื ืฉืึถืึธืึปืึผึธื ืึดืื ืึฐืึปืึถืึถืช ืึฐืึธืจืึนืึฐืืึผืช ืึธืึฑืึนืึดืืช ืึฐึผืึทืขึฒืึธืงึตื ืึทืึถึผืืึธ, ืึผึธื ืึธืึธึถืจืฅ, ืึถึถืจืฅ ื', ืึดืื ืึทืึฐืฉืึดืึธืจื ืึถืช ืึธืขึทื ืึทืึผืึนืฉึตื ืขึธืึถืืึธ ืึฐึผื ึทืึฒืึทืช ืขืึนืึธืึดืื, ืึทืึผึธืึธื ืึผึดืึฐืจึดืืช ืึผืึดืฉืึฐืืึผืขึธื ืึผึฐืึดืึฐืืึนื ื ึถืฆึทื ืึดืฉืึฐืจึธืึตื, ืึทืึผึฐืึปืกึผึธื ืขึทื ืึทืึผึถืึทืข ืึธืึฑืืึนึดื ืึทืงึธึผืืึผืขึท ืึผึฐืึทืึฐืึผึตืขึท ืึถืจึถืฅึพืึถืึฐืึธึผื ื ึดืคึฐืึธืึธื ืืึน, ืึทืึผึฐืึปืึถึผืึถืช ืึฐืขึทื ืึถื ืึฒืฉืึถืจ ืึธึผืึธืจ ืืึน ืึธืึผ ืึดืกึฐืึปืึทึผืชืึน. ื ึดืฉืึฐืึทืช ืึธืึปืึผึธื ืึฐืึธืึธืจึถืฅ ืึทืึฐืึธึผื ืคึผืึนืขึฒืืึนืช ืึถืช ืึฐืกืึนื ืึฒืึธืึธืชึธื, ืชึผืึนืึฐืขืึนืช ืึถืช ืชึผึทืคึฐืงึดืืึธื, ืึฐืืึนืฆึดืื ืึถื ืึทืคึผึนืขึทื ืึถืช ืขึฒืจึดืืึทืช ืงึฐืึปืฉืึผึธืชึธื, ืึผึดืฉืึฐื ึทืชึพืฉืึทืึผึธืชืึนื. ืึธืขึทื ืคึผืึนืขึตื ืึผึฐืึนืืึน ืึทื ึผึทืคึฐืฉืึดื ืขึทื ืึธืึธืจึถืฅ, ืึฐืจืึนืขึท ื' ืึดืชึฐืึทืึผึธื ืขึทืึพืึฐืึตื ืึทืฉืึฐืคึผึทืขึฒืชืึน ืึธืจืึผืึธื ึดืืช, ืึฐืึธืึธืจึถืฅ ืคึผืึนืขึถืึถืช ืขึทื ืึธืขึทื, ืึฐืึทืึฐืฉืึดืืจ ืึถืช ืชึผึฐืืึผื ึธืชืึน ืึฐืคึดื ืึตืคึถืฅ ืึทืึดึผืื ืึฑืึนืึดืืื ืฉืึฐืึตืึดืื ืืชึฐึผึทืื ึฐืึดืชึธื.",
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"โ ืฉืึฐื ึทืช ืฉืึทืึผึธืชืึนื ืึปืึฐืจึทืึทืช ืึดืื ืึธืึปืึผึธื ืึฐืึธืึธืจึถืฅ!",
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"ืฉืึฐื ึทืช ืฉืึถืงึถื ืึฐืฉืึธืึฐืึธื, ืึฐึผืึตืื ื ืึนืึตืฉื ืึฐืจืึนืึถื, \"ืึนื ืึดืึผึนืฉื ืึถืช ืจึตืขึตืืึผ ืึฐืึถืช ืึธืึดืื ืึดึผื ืงึธืจึธื ืฉืึฐืึดืึผึธื ืึทื',\" ืฉืึฐื ึทืช ืฉืึดืึฐืืึนื ืึผืึทืจึฐืืขึนึท, ืึดืชึฐืคึผึทืฉึผึฐืืึผืช ืึทื ึผึฐืฉืึธืึธื ืึผึฐืึทืจึฐืึธืึธืชึธืึผ ืึถื ืึทืืฉึผึนืึถืจ ืึธืึฑืืึนึดื ืึทืึฐึผืึทืึฐืึตึผื ืึทืึดืึผื ืึผึฐืึถืกึถื, ืึตืื ืจึฐืืึผืฉื ืคึฐึผืจึธืึดื ืึฐืกึปืึธึผื ืึฐืึนื ืึฐืืึผืช ืงึทืคึผึฐืึธื ึดืืช, ืึฐืฉืึธืืึนื ืึฑืึนืึดื ืฉืืึนืจึตืจ ืขึทื ืึธึผื ืึฒืฉืึถืจ ื ึฐืฉืึธืึธื ืึฐืึทืคึผืึน. \"ืึฐืึธืึฐืชึธื ืฉืึทืึทึผืช ืึธืึธืจึถืฅ ืึธืึถื ืึฐืึธืึฐืึธื ืึฐืึธ ืึผืึฐืขึทืึฐืึฐึผืึธ ืึฐืึทืึฒืึธืชึถืึธ ืึฐืึดืฉืึฐืึดืืจึฐืึธ ืึผืึฐืชืึนืฉืึธืึฐืึธ ืึทืึธึผืจึดืื ืขึดืึผึธืึฐ, ืึฐืึดืึฐืึถืึฐืชึผึฐืึธ ืึฐืึทืึทืึธึผื ืึฒืฉืึถืจ ืึฐึผืึทืจึฐืฆึถืึธ ืชึผึดืึฐืึถื ืึธื ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝึผึฐืืึผืึธืชึธืึผ ืึถืึฑืึนื.\" ืึตืื ืึดืึผืึผืึพืงึนืึถืฉื ืฉืึถื ืงึทืคึผึฐืึธื ืึผืช ืจึฐืืึผืฉื ืคึผึฐืจึธืึดื ืึผึฐืึธื ืชึผืึนืฆึฐืืึนืชึพืึฐืืึผืึธืึผ ืฉืึถื ืฉืึธื ึธื ืืึน, ืึฐืึถืึฐืึทืชึพืึธืขึนืฉืึถืจ, ืึทืึผึดืชึฐืึผึธืจึธื ืขึทืึพืึฐืึตื ืึทืึผึดืกึฐืึธืจ, ืึดืฉืึฐืชึผึทืึทึผืึทืช \"ืึฐืึธืึฐืึธื โ ืึฐืืึน ืึดืกึฐืืึนืจึธื\". ืขึทืึดืึพืืึนืึธื ืึฐืืึนืงึธืจึธื ื ึถืึฑืึธื ึธื ืึธึผืึธื ืึฐืึธื ืึดึผืจึฐืึทึผืช ื' ืึฒืฉืึถืจ ืึดึผืคึฐืจึดืึพืึธืึธืจึถืฅ, \"ืึฐืึธืึฐืึธื โ ืึฐืืึน ืึฐืึถืคึฐืกึตื\". ืึฐืึธืึธืึธื ืืึนืึตืจ ืึถื ืึดืึฐืขืึน ืึธืจึทืขึฒื ึธื, ืขึทื ืึฒืฉืึถืจ ืืึน ืึดืฆึฐืึธืจึตืึฐ ืึดืจึฐืคืึผืืึนืช ืึฐืึทืึฒืืึนืช, ืฉืึถืึตื ืึผึธืืึนืช ืึผึฐืจึปืึผึธื ืขึทืึพืึฐืึตื ืึฒืจึดืืกึทืช ืึทืึผึดืฉืึฐืงึธื ืฉืึถื ืึทืึทืึผึดืื, ืึผึฐืึดืชึฐืจึทืึฒืงึธื ืึดืึผึธืึณืจึทืช ืึทืึผึถืึทืข ืึธืจืึผืึธื ึดื ืึฐืึทืึธืึฐืจึดื \"ืึฐืึธืึฐืึธื โ ืึฐืืึน ืึดืึฐืืึผืึฐืึธื, ืึฐืืึน ืึดืจึฐืคืึผืึธื, ืึฐืืึน ืึทืขึฒืฉืืึนืช ืึดืึผึถื ึธื ืึทืคึผึดืืงึฐืึถืึฐืึดืื\". ืจืึผืึท ืงึฐืึปืฉืึผึธื ืึทืึฒืฆึดืืืึผืช ืฉืึธืคืึผืึฐ ืขึทื ืคึผึฐื ึตื ืึผึธื, \"ืฉืึฐื ึทืช ืฉืึทืึธึผืชืึนื ืึดืึฐืึถื ืึธืึธืจึถืฅ, โ ืฉืึทืึผึธืช ืึทื'!\".",
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"ืึฐึผืฉืึธื ึธื ืืึน ืึดืชึฐืึทึผืึผึถื ืฆึดืึฐืืึนื ึธืึผ ืฉืึถื ืึธืึปืึผึธื ืึดึผืึฐืึดืื ืืึนืึธืึผ, ืึดึผืึฐืงืึนืจ ืจืึผืึธืึผ ืึธืึฑืึนืึดื. ืึฐืึถืึธึธืจื ืืึน, ืึทืึธึผืึธื ืึทืึทืช ืึฐืฉืึถืึทืข ืฉืึธื ึดืื, ืืึนืฉืึถืึถืช ืึทืึฒึถืจืืึธ ืขึฒืึดืึผืึนืช ืึดืืึตืืึธืึดืึผืึนืช ืึฑืึนืึดืึผืึนืช, ืฉืึถืึฐึผืึถืึฐืฉืึตืจึธื ืึธืึดืึผึดื ืฉืึถื ืึทื ึฐึผืฉืึธืืึนืช ืึตื ืืึนืึฐืืึนืช ืึฐืืึนืึฐืฉืืึนืช ืึธืึตื ืึธืงืึนื ืึผึทืึทืึผึดืื, ืขึทื ืฉืึถืึทืฉืึฐืงึธืคืึนืชึพืึทืึทืึผึดืื ืึทื ืึผืึนึฐืขืืชึน ืึดืึถึผื ืึธ ื ืขึทึฒืฉืืืชึน ืืืชึนึตืจ ืึฐืืืชึนึตืจ ืงึฐืืืขึผืืชึน ืืึผึฐืกึปืืึธึผืืชึน ืืคึผืืขึนึฒืืืชึน, ืขึทื ืึผึนื ืชึผึฐืงืึผืคึธื ืืึนืชึตืจ ืึฒืจึปืึผึธื, ืืึนืชึตืจ ืึฒืฉืืึผืึธื, ืฉืึถืึดืื ืึทืกึฐืคึผึถืงึถืช ืึผึฐืึธืจ ืึฐืึทืขึฒืืึนืช ืืึน ืึถืช ืึดืืฉืึตืึพืึธืึปืึธึผื ืึทืึผึฐืึดืืึดืื ืึฐืืึน ืจึทืง ืึถืช ืึฐึผืึธืืึผืชึธืึผ ืึผึทืึผืึนืจ ืึธืึนืึถื ืึทืึฐืึดืืึดื ืึผึดืึพืึดื ืึถืช ืึทืึผืึนืจืึนืช ืฉืึถืึธืึผ. โ ืึทืึผืึนืึตื, ืืึนืึดื ืชึผึฐืงืึผืคึธื ืึฒืจึทืชึพืขืึนืึธื, ืึธืขึฒืจืึผืึธื ืึดืึผึฐืกืึนื ืึทืึนืคึถืฉื ืึธืึฑืืึนึดื ืึธืขึถืึฐืืึนื.",
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"ืกึตืึถืจึพืึทืึทืึดึผืื ืฉืึถื ืฉืึฐื ึทืช ืึทืฉืึผึฐืึดืึผึธื ืืึผื ืข\"ืค ืึทืึตืคึถืฅ ืึทืคึผึฐื ึดืืึดื ืึทืึผึดืึฐืขึดื ืฉึถืื ืชึฐึผืฉืืืงึทึผืช ืึทืึผืืึน ืืึฐึทืฆืึถึผึถืง, ืึทืฉึดึผืืืึฐืืึน ืืึฐึทืึฐึผื ืืึธึผื, ืฉืืึทืึทืืจึผึธึธื ืึธืึฑืืึดึนืืช ืึผืชึฐืฉืืึผืงึธืชึธืึผ ืึทืึฐืึผึดืืขึธื ืึผึฐืงึถืจึถื ืึทืึปืึธึผื, ืึฒืฉืึถืจ ืึตืื ืึถื ืึธืึผ ืชึผึฐืืึผื ึธื ืึดืงึผืึผืึดืืช, ืึธึผืึธืจ ืึฐืึปืึผึธื ืึดื ืึทืืึผืฅ, ืึผึดืึพืึดื ื ึทืึฒืึธืชึธืึผ ืึทืึผึดืึฐืขึดืืช ืึดืึผึฐืงืึนืจึธืึผ ืขึทืฆึฐืึธืึผ. ืึฒืึธื ืึฐืงึนืืจ ืึดืฉึฐึธืืจืึตื ืึผึฐืฉืึถืึดืชึฐืึทืึผึถื ืึฐึผืึธืึณืจึนื ืึตืื ึถื ึผืึผ ืขึนืืึตื ืขึทื ืขึธืึฐืึผึนื, ืึดืชึฐืึทืึตึผืจ ืืึผื ืชึผึธืึดืื ืึผืึดืชึฐืจึทืึตื ืึฐืืึนืึตืึฐ. ืึทืงึฐื ึถื ืืึผื ืืขึทืฆึฐืืึน ืึถืช ืึนืึถืฅ ืึทืคึผึฐืขืึผืึธื ืึฐืึนืึท ืึทืึทืฉืึฐืคึผึธืขึธื ืึฐืกืึนืคึตื ืึฐืชืึนืืึน ืึถืช ืึธืขึดืึผืึผื ืฉืึถื ืึทืึฐึผืึดืึธืจื ืึทืึผืืึนืึธ, ืึทืชึฐึผืฉืืืึผืึธ ืึทืึฐึผืืืจึนึธื, ืึทืึดึผืชึฐืืึทึผืจึถึผึถืช ืืชึฐึผึดืืึฐืจึผึถึนืช ืึธืึฑืืึดึนืืึผืชึผ ืฉึถืื ืึทืึทืึดึผืื ืึฐึผืคึดื ืึฐืงืึนืจ ืึดืฉืึฐืจึธืึตื . ื ึดืึฐืฉืึธืึฐ ืืึผื ืึฐืืึนืึตืึฐ ืึดึผืงึฐืึปืฉืึผึธืชืึน ืึฐึผืึธื ืึถืฉืึถืึฐ ืึทืึผึฐืึทื ืฉืึถื ืึทืคึผึฐืจึธืงึดืื, \"ืืึนื ึดืื ืฉืึฐืึดืืึดืื ืึฐืงึทืึตึผืฉื ืืึนืึฐืึดืื,\" ืึฐืึทืึฐืฉืึดืืจ ืึถืึธืื ืึถืช ืึทืึทืึดึผืื. \"ืึฐืกึธืคึทืจึฐืชึผึธ ืึฐืึธ ืฉืึถืึทืข ืฉืึทืึฐึผืชึนืช ืฉืึธื ึดืื ืฉืึถืึทืข ืฉืึธื ึดืื ืฉืึถืึทืข ืคึผึฐืขึธืึดืื ืึฐืึธืืึผ ืึฐืึธ ืึฐืึตื ืฉืึถืึทืข ืฉืึทืึฐึผืชึนืช ืึทืฉืึผึธื ึดืื ืชึผึตืฉืึทืข ืึฐืึทืจึฐืึธึผืขึดืื ืฉืึธื ึธื.\" ืึผืึดืฆึผึดื ึผืึนืจึพืึทืึทืึผึดืื ืฉืึถื ืึทืึผืึนืึตื, ืฉืึถืืึผื ืืึนืึตืึฐ ืึผึฐืึทืขึฒืืึนืช ืฉืึฐืึทืึผึธืื ืึผืึดืชึฐืคึทืฉืึผึตื ืขึทื ืึผึนืืึน ืึถื ืึทืึตึผื ืึทืึปืึผึธื ืึฐึผืฆึดืึฐืืึนื ึธื ืึทืคึผึฐึธืจืึดื, ืืึนื ึถืงึถืช ืึดืื ืึทืฉืึฐืึดืึผึธื ืึผืึดืชึฐืึทืึผึตืืช ืึถืช ืึดืืึธ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝึผ ืึทืฉืึธืึตื ืึฐืึธืจึทืขึฒื ึธื, โ ืึทืึผึดืชึฐืึทึผืึผึถื ืึธึผื ืึดืชึผึฐืฉืืึผืงึธืชึธื ืึถื ืึทืกึตึผืึถืจ ืึธืึฑืืึนึดื ืฉืึถืึผึธืืึผื ืึผึดืึฐืืึน ืึธึผื ืึทืึฐืงืึผื ืึฐืืึน ืจึทืง ืึผึฐืงึดืจึฐืึผึธืึผ ืคึผึฐื ึดืืึธื, ืึฐืึทืึธึผืึผ.",
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"ืึฐืืึนืึตืึฐ ืึผืึดืชึฐืขึทืึถึผื ืืึผื ืึธืจืึผืึท, ืขึทื ืฉืึถื ึดืฆึฐืึธึผืจ ืึผึนื ืึธึผืืึนื ืึฐืขึธืฆืึผื, ืฉืึถืึตืฉื ืึผืึน ืึตึผื ืืึนื ึดืื ืึนื ืจึทืง ืึฐืึทืึผืึนืช ืึถืช ืึทืึผืึนื ืฉืึถืึถึผืฉืึฐื ืึน ืึดึผืึฐืึปืึผึธื ืึฐึผืืึนืฆึธืจ ืึทืึผึตื ืึทืึปืึผึธื, ืึดืฉืึฐืืึนืจ ืึถืช ืฆึดืึฐืืึนืึพืึทืึทืึผึดืื, ืึฐึผืึดืึธึผืชึธืึผ ืฉืึถื ืึทืฉืึผึฐืึดืึผึธื, ืึดึผืึพืึดื ืึทึผื ืึฐืึทืฉืึผึตืจ ืึถืช ืึทืึผึทืขึฒืงึธืฉืึดืื ืึฐืึทืงึดึผืึฐืงืึผืึดืื ืฉืึถื ืึถืขึธืึธืจ ืึผืึฐืึทืขึฒืึดืื ืึถืช ืึทืฆึผึทื ืึทืึผึตื ืึทืึปืึผึธื ืข\"ืค ืึฒืึธืึธืชึธืึผ ืึทืึฐืงืึนืจึดืืช, ืึฐืึธืฉืึดืืึธื ืึดืืึตืึพืึธืขึฒืืึผืึดืื ืึฐึผืจึทืขึฒื ึธื ืึผืช ืึทืึผึธืขึธืึผ, ืึผืึฐืึทืึผืึนืช ืึนื ืจึทืง ืึทื ืฉืึผึถืึธื ืึผื ืึฐึผืึดืึฐืขึธืึผ ืฉืึถื ื ึดืฉืึฐืึทืช ืึทืึปืึผึธื ืึธึผืคึนืขึทื ืึผึดืึพืึดื ืึทื ืฉืึผึถืึผึปืึฐืฉืึธืจ ืึฐืึดืึธึผืืึนืช ืึผืึฐืึธืึดืืจ ืึฐึผืงึดืจึฐืึธึผืึผ, ืขึทืึพืึฐืึตื ืขึถืึฐืจึทืช ืึดืชึฐืึทึผืึผืึผืช ืึทืึทืึผึธืึธื ืึทืึฐึผืึดืึดืจืืช ืฉืึถืึผึธืึผ, ืฉืึถืึดืื ืฆึฐืจึดืืึธื ืึฐืึธืขึดืืจ ืึถืช ืึทืึดืชึฐืจืึนืึฐืืึผืช ืึทืึผืึนืึฐืึดืืช.",
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"ืึทืึปืึผึธื ื ืึนืชึถื ึถืช ืืึนืช, ืฉืึถืึดืึฐืฉืึดืืจึธื ืึถืช ืขึทืฆึฐืึธืึผ, ืึดึผืืึตื ืึดืชึฐืึทึผืึผืึผืช ืกึฐืึปืึผึทืชึธืึผ ืึทืึผึดืึฐืขึดืืช, ืึถื ืึธืขึถืึฐืืึนื ึดืึผืึผืช ืึธืจืึนืึตืึธื ืึทืึนึผืืช, ืฉืึถืึดึผืฉืึฐืจืึนื ึธืึผ ืืึผืึทื ืึฐืึธืึดืืขึท ืึธืึผ ืึทึผืึทืึผึธึธืจื ืึทื ึดึผืฉึฐืืึธึผืึธื ืฉืึถื ืึฑืึนืึดืึผืึผืช ืึทืึทืึดึผืื, ืึฐืึทืึทืึผึธึธืจื ืึดืชึฐืขืึนึถืจึถืจืช, ืฉืึถืึตึผืฉื ืจืึผืึท ืึฒืึธืฉืึธื ืึทืึผึฐืึทืฉืึผึถืจึถืช ืฆึธืึธื ืจึทื, \"ืึฐืึทืขึฒืึทืจึฐืชึผึธ ืฉืืึนืคึทืจ ืชึผึฐืจืึผืขึธื ืึทึผืึนืึถืฉื ืึทืฉืึผึฐืึดืขึดื ืึถึผืขึธืฉืืึนืจ ืึทืึนืึถืฉื ืึฐึผืืึนื ืึทืึผึดืคึผึปืจึดืื ืชึผึทืขึฒืึดืืจืึผ ืฉืืึนืคึธืจ ืึฐึผืึธื ืึทืจึฐืฆึฐืึถื.\" ืจืึผืึท ืึตื ืขึถืึฐืืึนื ืฉืึถื ืึทืกึผึฐืึดืืึธื ืึทืึผึฐืึธืึดืืช, ืึทืคึผึนืึถืฉืึถืช ืึถืช ืึผึธื ืึธืึดืื ืึผึฐืึธื ืืึนื ืึทืึดึผืคึผืึผืจึดืื, ืึดืชึฐืขึทืึผึธื ืึธึผืื ืึผึดืงึฐืึปืฉืึผึทืช ืึทืึผืึนืึตื ืึฐืฆึดืึฐืืึนื ืึฐึผืึธืึดื, ืึผึฐืึดืชึฐืึทืึผึตืฉื ืึทืึปืึธึผื ืึผึฐืจืึผืึท ืกึฐืึดืืึธื ืึผืชึฐืฉืืึผืึธื ืึฐืึทืฉืึตึผืจ ืึถืช ืึธึผื ืขึดืึผืึผืชึตื ืึถืขึธืึธืจ. \"ืึผืงึฐืจึธืืชึถื ืึฐึผืจืึนืจ ืึผึธืึธืจึถืฅ ืึฐืึธื ืึนืฉืึฐืึถืืึธ,\" \"ืืจ\"ื ืขึทื ืืึนืึพืึทืึดึผืคึผืึผืจึดืื ืืึน ืึธืืึผ ืขึฒืึธืึดืื ื ึดืคึฐืึธืจึดืื ืึฐืึธืชึตืืึตื ืึฐืืึน ืึดืฉืึฐืชึผึทืขึฐืึผึฐืึดืื ืึทืึฒืืึนื ึตืืึตื. ืึถืึธึผื ืืึนืึฐืึดืื ืึฐืฉืืึนืชึดืื ืึผืฉืึฐืึตืึดืื ืึฐืขึทืึฐืจืึนืชึตืืึถื ืึผึฐืจึธืืฉืึตืืึถื. ืึตึผืืึธื ืฉืึถืึดืึผึดืืขึท ืืึนื ืึทืึดึผืคึผืึผืจึดืื ืชึผึธืงึฐืขืึผ ื\"ื ืึผึทืฉืืึนืคึธืจ, ื ึดืคึฐืึฐืจืึผ ืขึฒืึธืึดืื ืึฐืึธืชึตืืึถื ืึฐืฉืึธืืึนืช ืืึนืึฐืจืึนืช ืึฐืึทืขึฒืึตืืึถื\" (ืจืืฉื ืึทืฉืื ื ื:). ืึตืื ืึทืึฐึผืจืึนืจ ืึทืึผึถื ืคึผืึนืจึตืฅ ืึฐึผืึทืจึพืคึผึฐืจึธืฆึดืื, ืึดึผื ื ึดืึฐืฉืึธืึฐ ืึฐืืึนืึตืึฐ ืืึผื ืึดื ืึทืงึนืึถืฉื ืึธืขึถืึฐืืึนื, ืึตืื ึถื ึผืึผ ืืึนืฆึตื ืึผึฐืชืึนืจ ืืึนืฆึตืึพืึนึผืคึถื ืึดืชึผืึนืึฐ ืึทืึผึทืขึฒืึธื ืึทืึถืึฐืจึธืชึดื ืึทืึผึฐืกึปืึธึผืจ, ืึดึผื ืึดืชึผืึนืืึน ืึผืึตืขึทืฆึฐืืึผืชืึน ืืึผื ื ืึนืึตืขึท, ืึดืชึผืึนืึฐ ืกึตืึถืจึพืึทืึทืึผึดืื ืฉืึถื ืึทืชึผึฐืงืึผืคืึนืช ืึทืงึฐึผืฆึธืจืึนืช ืึทืงึฐึผืืึผืืึนืช, ืขึทื ืึทืึผึดืืขืึน ืึดืืึตื ืึดืึธึผืชืึน ืืึน, ืฉืึถืืึผื ืึทืชึฐืึดืื ืึฐืึดืชึฐืจืึนืึตื ืึผึดืคึฐืขึปืึผึทืช ืึดึผืฉืึฐืจืึนื ึธืึผ ืฉืึถื ืึทืึปืึผึธื ืึผึฐืึดืชึฐืึผึทืึผืึผืชึธืึผ ืึทืึผึฐืึดืืจึดืืช, โ ืึผึฐืชึดืงึผืึผื ืึธืขึดืึผืึผืชึดืื ืฉืึถื ืึถืขึธืึธืจ. ",
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"ืึดื ืึธืจึฐืืึผ ืึฐืึดืืึดืื ืึตืึธืึปืึผึธื ืึดืึผึทืึฐืจึฐืึทืชึพืึทืึทืึผึดืื, ืึทืึผึฐืึตืึดืื ืืึนืจึพืงึนืึถืฉื ืึธืึนืคึถืฉื, ืึฐืึตืขึธืฉืืึผ ืึทืขึฒืึธืึดืื ืึฐึผืฉืึธืึฐืึธื ืึถืช ืขึถืจึฐืึผึธื ืึธืึฒืฆึดืืึดื, ืึฐ\"ืึนืึถื ืฉืึถืฉืึธืึฐืขึธื ืขึทื ืึทืจ ืกึดืื ึทื: โืึผึดื ืึดื ืึฐึผื ึตื ืึดืฉึฐืืจึธืึตื ืขึฒืึธืึดืื, ืขึฒืึธืึทื ืึตื ืึฐืึนื ืขึฒืึธืึดืื ืึทืขึฒืึธืึดืื' โ ืึฐืึธืึธืึฐ ืึถื ืึฐืงึธื ึธื ืึธืืึนื ืึฐืขึทืฆึฐืืึน,\" ืึดื ึผึตื ืึผึธืึธื ืึฒืฉืึธืึทืช ืึทืึธึผืืึนื ืึธืึดืืฉืึดื ืึฐืึตืจืึผืชืึน, ืึดืชึผืึนืึฐ ืึถืจึถืึพืึทืึผึดืื ืฉืึถื ืงึฐืึปืฉืึผึทืช ืขึถืึฐืืึนื ืึทืฉืึผืึนืคึตืขึท ืึตืึทืึผึธืงืึนืจ ืึทืืึนืชึตืจ ืขึถืึฐืืึนื, ืฉืึถืึผึดืึผึถื ึผืึผ ืึทืึปืึผึธื ืืึนื ึถืงึถืช ืึถืช ืืึนืจ ื ึดืฉืืึธืชึธืึผ, โ ืึผืึฐืจืึนืจ ื ึดืงึฐืจึธื ืึธืึธืจึถืฅ ืึฐืึธื ืืึนืฉืึฐืึถืืึธ. ืึผืึฐืขึปืึผึทืช ืึดืึพืฉืืึฐืืึนืึพืึทืึผึดืฉืึฐืงึธื ืฉืึถื ืึทืฆึผึทื ืึธืจึฐืืึผืฉื ืึทืงึทึผืจึฐืงึทืขึดื, ืฉืึถืืึผื ืึธึผื ืึตืจึดืคึฐืืึนื ืึธืึทืึดื ืึฐืจืึผืึท ืึดืึผึธื ืึทืึผึนืืช ืึธืึธืึธื, ืึทืึทึผืึฐืฉืึดืืืึนืช ืึถืช ืึผืึนืึน, ืขึทื ืฉืึถืืึผื ืืึนืจึตื ืึดื ึผึทืึฒืึทืช ืึฒืืึนืชึธืื, โ ืึผึธืึธื ืึฒืฉืึธืึธื, ืึทืึผึทืชึฐืึถืึถืช ืึฐึผืคึดื ืขึถืจึฐืึธึผืึผ ืฉืึถื ืึทืึปืึผึธื ืึผึฐืจึตืืฉืึดืืช ืึทืึผึธืขึธืึผ, ืึผึธืจึฐืืึผืฉื ืึทืึผึฐืกืึนืึดื ืึทืึผึถื ืึฐืืึนืชึธื ืึฒืฉืึถืจ ืึดืึฐืึผึดืืึธื ืขึฒืึตืืึถื ืชึดึผืึฐืจึทืช ืึทืึทืึผึดืื ืึทืชึฐึผืขึทืึผึตืช ืึถืช ืึดืฉืึฐืงึธืึธื, \"ืึผึดืฉืึฐื ึทืชึพืึทืึผืึนืึตื ืึทืึนึผืืช ืชึผึธืฉืึปืืึผ ืึดืืฉื ืึถืึพืึฒืึปืึผึธืชืึน.\"",
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"ืึฐืึทืึฐืงึธื ืึดึผืชึฐืขืึผืคึธื ืึฐืึตืึธื ืึทืึดึผืื ืึผึฐืืึน ืึตืึถึผื ืึดืชึฐืจืึนืึถืึถืช ืึทืึปืึผึธื ืึดืจึฐืึผึนืก ืึถืช ืึทืึผึถืืึธ ืขึดื ืึทืึผึตื ืึธืึธืึธื ืึผึดืึฐืึธืืึน, ืข\"ื ืึถืึฐืฆึธืขืึผืชึธื ืฉืึถื ืึดืืฉืึดืื ืึฐืึดืืึดืื โ ืึทืึผึตืจึดืื ืึทืชึผืึนืฉืึธืึดืื โ ืึธืขืึนืึฐืึดืื ืึผึดืึฐืึธืืึผืชึธื ืึผึฐืชืึนืึฐ ืึธืึฑื ืึนืฉืึดืึผืึผืช ืึทืึผึฐืึธืึดืืช ืึผืึทึฐืจึดืึผืืฉืึดืื ืึฐึผืงึดึฐืจืึธึผื ืึทึผืึพืึผึตื ืึธืึธืฉื ืึฐึปืืึทื ืึถื ื ึฐืึดืึผึนืืชึถืืึธ ืึธืจึทืขึฒื ึธื ืึนืช ืึผืฉืึฐืึดืืคืึนืชึถืืึธ ืึธืจืึผืึธื ึดืึผืึนืช ืฉืึถื ืึธืึปืึผึธื, ืึฐืึทืึฐืงึธื ืึธื ืึดืชึฐืึผึทื ึถึผืกึถืช ืึธึผืึผ ืึทืชึทืงึดึผืืคืึผืช ืึทืคึผึฐื ึดืืึดืืช ืึดืึฐืืึนืง ืึถืช ืึทืึตืึถืง ืึทืกึผึดืืึดื ืฉืึถืึฐึผืขึทืฆึฐืึธืึผ, ืึผึฐืึตื ืฉืึถืึธืึดืืจ ืึถืคึธื ืึทืึผึธืืึนืจ ืึทืึฐึผืึธืึดื ืึทืึผึทืึฐืึดืืง. \"ืึตืื ืขึถืึถื ืขึดืึฐืจึดื ื ืึนืึตื ืึฐืึนื ืึตึผืจ ืชึผืึนืฉืึธื ื ืึนืึตื ืึถืึผึธื ืึผึดืึฐืึทื ืฉืึถืึทืึผืึนืึตื ื ืึนืึตื\" (ืขืจืืื).",
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"ืึธึผื ืึตืึผึถื ืึทืึทื ืึตื ืกึดืืึธื ึตืึพืึทืึผึดืื ืขึถืึฐืืึนื ึดืื, ืฉืึถืฆึผึฐืจึดืืึธื ืึฐืึทืึผืึนืชึธื ืึปืึผึธื ืืึน, ืฉืึถืึผืึผืกึธืจึพืึฐืึปืึผึดื ืึฑืืึนึดื ืึธึผืึถื ืึทื ืึผึฐืงึดืจึฐืึผึธืึผ, ืึฐื ึธืืึนื ืืึผื ืึฐืคึธื ึถืืึธ, ืึผึดืึฐืืึนืชึธืึผ ืึฐืึปื ึผึธื ืึผึฐืึธื ืชึผึทืึฐืกึดืืกึถืืึธ ืึผึฐืจืึผื ืขึดืึผืึผืึธืึผ ืึทืึผึฐืึดืื ึดื \"ืึฐึผืฉืึถืึธึผื ืืึนืฉืึฐืึถืืึธ ืขึธืึถืืึธ,\" โ ืึฐืึทืขึทื ืึทืขึฒืึถื ืึฐึผืึธืึธืึผ ืชึผึทืึฐืกึดืืก ืึดืชึฐืึทึผืึผืึผืช ืึทืึทืึผึธืจึธื ืฉืึถื ืึทืึนึผืฉืึถืจ ืึธืึฑืึนืึดื, ืึธืขึนืืึตื ืึฐืึทืขึฒืึธื ืึดืกึผึฐืึปืึผึธืชึธื ืึทืึผืึผืึธื ึธื ืขึดืึผึธืึผ ืึดืึผึฐืึธืจ, ืึทืฉืึผึนืืึถึถืจืช ืขึทื ืชึผึทืคึฐืงึดืืึถืืึธ ืฉืึถืึผืึน ืึตืจึฐืืึผ ืึฐืืึน ืึดืึผึธืืึผ ืึธึผืึดืื.",
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"ืึผึฐืฉืึถืึทืึฐึผืึดืึธืจื ืึทืึฐืงึปืึฐืงึถืึถืช ืึทืฉืึฐืงึทืขึทืช ืึถืช ืึนืืจ ืขึดืึผึผืื ืึทืึทึดืึผืื ืฉืึถื \"ืจึฐืืึนืืึนืชึพืึทื ึผึธืึธืจ,\" ืึทืืึนืึตืึฐ ืึผืึดืฉืึฐืชึทืคึผึตืึฐ ืึผึทื ืึตืขึทื ืึดืึฐืืึผื ืึดืฉืึฐืจึธืึตื, ืึดืื ืคึผืึนืึถืึถืช ืึถืช ืึฐืกืึนื ืึทืกึฐึผืึปืึผึธื ืึทืึผึดืึฐืขึดืืช. ืึดืึพืึถืคึฐืฉืึธืจ ืึธืึผ ืึธืึฐื ึธื ืึฐืึทืึฐึผืึดืืึธืึผ, ืึฒืึธื ืึผึฐืึธืึธืึผ ืึฐืึทืฉืึฐืงึดืืขึธืึผ ืึผึฐืึทืขึฒืึธืงึดืื, ืขึธืืึนืงึพืขึธืืึนืง, ืขึทื ืึฒืฉืึถืจ ืชึผึตืขึธืึตื ืึฐืึทื ืจึทื, ืขึดืึธึผื ืึฐืขึดืึธึผื ึดืื, ืึฐืึธืขึทื ืึฐืงึทื ืึฐืืึนืจ ืึธืึทืึดื, ืขึทื ืึนึผื ืขึตืชึพืงึตืฅ. ",
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"ืึทืชึผืึนืจึธื, ืึผึฐืึตืขืึนืชึถืืึธ ืึปืงึถึผืืึธ ืึผืึดืฉืึฐืคึผึธืึถืืึธ, ืึฐืึทืึผึตื ืึทืึผึธืึดืื ืึฐืึทืฆึผึดืึผืึผืจ, ืึดืื ืึธืึทืกึฐืคึผึทืงึฐืึทึฐืจึธืื ืึทืึฐืึดืึธืจื, ืฉืึถืึฐึผืชึนืืึธืึผ ืึดืฉืึฐืชึทืงึถึผืคึถืช ืึผึธื ืึทืขึฒืึทืช ืจืึผืึท ืึทืึปืึผึธื, ืึตึผืื ืึธืจืึผืึท ืึทืกึผึฐืึปืึผึดื ืึทืึผึดืึฐืขึดื ืฉืึถื ืึทืฉืึผึฐืึดืึผึธื ืึผืึตืื ืจืึผืึท ืขึถืึฐืืึนื ืจืึผืึท ืึฑืืึนึดืืึพืึทืึผึดืื ืฉืึถื ืึทืึผืึนืึตื, ืึทืึผึดืชึฐืึผึทืึผึถื ืึผึฐืึดืชึฐืึผึทืึผืึผืชึธืึผ ืึทืึผึฐืึดืืจึดืืช. ืึธึผืึพืึฐืึทื ืฉืึถืึดืื ืึดืฉืึฐืชึผึทืึผึถืจึถืช, ืึฐึผืจื๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝืึธืึผ ืึผืึฐืคึธืขึณืึถืืึธ, ืึฐึผืชืึนืึฐ ืึทืึปืึผึธื ืึฐืึธืึธืจึถืฅ ืึฐืกึดืึฐืจึตืึพืึทืึถืึฐืจึธื, ืึฒืจึตื ืึดืื ื ืึนืชึถื ึถืช ืขึนื ืึฐืชึทืขึฒืฆืึผืืึนืช ืึธืขึธื. ืึทืึฐึผืึตืงืึผืชึพืึผึถืึฑืืึนึดืื ืึธืจึทืขึฒื ึธื ึธื ืึฐืฉืึทืขึฒืฉืึทืขึทืช ืึดืื ืึธื ืึถืช ื ึดืฉืึฐืึทืชึพืึทืึทืึดึผืื ืฉืึถืึผืึน ืึผืึทืจึฐื ึถื ึถืช ืึถืช ืึทืึผึตื ืฉืึถื ืึธึผื ืคึผึฐืจึธื. ืึดืื ืืึนืึถืึถืช ืึฐืืึนืจึถืึถืช ืขึทื ืืึนืจ ืึธืึฑืืึผื ึธื ืึธืึฑืึนืึดืืช ืข\"ืค ืึทืึผึธึธืจืชึธืึผ ืฉืึถื ืึทืึปืึผึธื ืึดืฆึทึผื ื ึดืฉืึฐืึทืช ืกึฐืึปืึธึผืชึธืึผ ืึทืึผึดืึฐืขึดืืช, ืึฒืฉืึถืจ ืึผึตืืจืึผืจึถืืึธ ืึทืชึผืึนืึทืึฐืชึผึดืึผึดืื ืฉืึถืึดืื ืึฐืขึปืึผึถืจึถืช ืึผึธืึถื, ืึผึฐื ึดืึฐืจึตื ืึฐืฉืืึผืขึธื ืึดืึผืึนืจึพืึผืึนืจึดืื, ืึตื ืึทืึฐืฉืึดืืจึดืื ืึถืช ืึทืึธึผืจึธืชึธืึผ ืึธืึฑืึนืึดืืช ืึทืึผึฐืึปืึถืึถืช ืึฐืคึดื ืฆึดืึฐืืึนื ึธืึผ ืึทืคึผึฐืจึธืึดื. ืึฐืึทืึทืึธึผืจึธื ืึทืึผึฐืึปืึถืึถืช ืึทืึผืึน ืืึนืึถืึถืช ืึผืคืึนืขึถืึถืช ืึฐืืึนืึถืจึถืช ืึผืึดืชึฐืคึผึทืขึถืึถืช ืึตืึทืึผืึนื ืึทืึผึฐืึธืึดื ืฉืึถื ืืึนืจ ืึฑืึนืึดืื, ืฉืึถืึธึผืึธืึธื ืึผืึธืขืึนืึธื, ืึดืื ืึฐืึดืืึธื ืืึนืชืึน, ืึฐืกึทืึผึถืึถืช ืืึนืชืึน ืึตืึถืืึธ ืึผึฐืึทืึฐืึผึดืืขึธืึผ ืึผืึน ืึถืช ืฆึดืึฐืืึนื ึธืึผ ืึทืคึผึฐืจึธืึดื, ืึผืึทืึฐืฉืึดืืจึธืชืึน ืึธึผืึถื ืึฐืึทืึตึผื ืึทืึฐืจึตื ืึผึธื ืจืึผืึท ืึธื ึถืคึถืฉื ืึฐึผืจึดืึฐืฉืึตืึพืึนืึทืจ ืึฐืึถืึฐืึทืชึพืึนืฉืึถืจ ืึทืึผึฐืึปืกึผึธืกึดืื ืึฐึผื ึดืฆึฐืึดืึผืึผืชึธื ืึฐึผืขึถืึฐื ึธื ืึธืึฑืึนืึดื, ืฉืึถืืึผื ืึทืฆึดึผืืึธื ืึดืึผึธื ืึตืืึผืฉื ืึผืึฐืฉืึทืึผึฐืึธื ืึถืฉืึทืข ืขึฒืึตื ืขึทื.",
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"ืขืึนืึธื ืึดืื ืึทืึปืึผึธื ืึฐึผืจืึผื ืึทืขึฒืืึนืชึถืืึธ ืึตืึผึถื โ ืึผึฐืฉืึถืึดืื ืึทืึผึถึถืจืช ืึถืช ืจืึผืึธืึผ ืึทืขึทืฆึฐืึธื. ืึทืึผึธืจึธื ืืึน ืึดืื ืึฐืึดืืึธื ืืึนืชึธืึผ ืึฐืึตืขึธืึตืจ ืึฐึผืึนืึถื ืึตืึธื ืึฐึผืชืึนืจึทืชึพืึฑืึนืึดืื ืึฒืฉืืจ ืขึดืึผึธืึธืึผ, ืึดืื ืึทืจึฐืึผึดืืึธืชึธืึผ ืขึทื ืึธึผืึณืชึตื ืึธืจึถืฅ. ืึฐืขึทื ืึผึทืึผึธื ืฉืึถืึดึผืึฐืืึผ ืึทืึตึผื ืึผึธื ืึทืกึผึฐืึดืืึธื ืึผึปืึธึผืึผ ืึดึผืึฐืชึผึดืึพืึปืึฐืฉืึธึดืจืื ืึนื ืึฐื ึปืึธึผืึดืื ืึฐืืึนืชึธืึผ ืึธืจืึนืึฐืืึผืช ืึธืึฑืืึนึดืืช, ืฉืึถืจืึผืึท ืึดืฉืึฐืจึธืึตื ืฉืืึนืึตืฃ ืึตืึถืืึธ, ืืึน ืชึผึดืึผึธืึตื ืึดึผืึฐืฆืึผืึธืชึธื, ืึฐืึถืช ืึทึผืจึฐืึผึธืึผ ืชึผึตืึตืึฐ ืึธืึถืึทื. ืึธื ืชึผึฐืขืึนืจึตืจ ืึถืช ืกึฐืึปืึผึทืชึพืึดืึฐืขึธืึผ ืึฐืึถืช ืืึนื ืึตืื ืึฐึผืึดืืจึธืชึธืึผ ืึทืึฒืจึถืืึธ. ืึทืฉืึผึฐืึดืึผึธื ืึฐืึทืึผืึนืึตื ืึทืึฐืึธื ืึดืึฐืืึผ ืชึผึทืึผึดืื ืขึทื ืจึนืืฉืึธืึผ ืึฐืึธืึธืจึถืฅ ืชึผึทืขึฒื ึถื ืึฐืขึปืึผึธืชึธืึผ ืึฐึผืึตืืึธืึผ ืึธืจืึผืึธื ึดื ืึธืึธืฆืึผืจ ืึฐึผืงึดืจึฐืึธึผืึผ, ืึทืึผึทืชึฐืึดืื ืึฐืึถืึฐืึทืช ืึทืฉืึผึฐืึดืึผึธื ืึฐืจึดื ึฐื ึทืช ืึทืึผืึนืึตื. \"ืึฐืฆึดืึดึผืืชึดื ืึถืชึพืึดึผืจึฐืึธืชึดื ืึธืึถื ืึผึทืฉืึผึธื ึธื ืึทืฉืึผึดืฉืึผึดืืช ืึฐืขึธืฉืึธืช ืึถืชึพืึทืชึผึฐืืึผืึธื ืึดืฉืึฐืืฉึนื ืึทืฉืึผึธื ึดืื.\" \"ืึดืจึฐืขึฒืคืึผ ื ึฐืืึนืช ืึดืึฐืึผึธืจ ืึฐืึดืื ืึผึฐืึธืขืึนืช ืชึผึทืึฐืึผืจึนึฐื ึธื.\" \"ืึธืึฐืฉืืึผ ืึธืจึดืื ืึทืฆึผืึนื ืึทืขึฒืึธืงึดืื ืึทืขึทืึฐืคืึผ ืึธืจ ืึดืชึฐืจืึนืขึฒืขืึผ ืึทืฃ ืึธืฉืึดืืจืึผ.\"",
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"ืึฐึผืฉืึถืขึปืึผึฐืึธื ืึผึฐืึดืฉืึฐืจึธืึตื ืึทืึทึผืจึทืช ืึทืจืึผืึท ืึทืขึทืฆึฐืึดื \"ืึธื ึทื ืึดืฉืึฐืจึธืึตื ืืึนื,\" ืฉืึธืึทื ืึถืช ืขึปืึผืึน ืึฐืึทืึฒึธืืชืึน. ืึทืึทืึธึผื ืึทืึดืืฆืึนื ึดื ืขึทื ืึทืกึผึฐืึดืืึธื ืึธึฐืจืึธืึธื ืึทืึดึผืึฐืชึผึดืึพืึฐืคึปืชึผึทืึทืช, ืึทืคึผึดืจึฐืึดืืช ืึฐึผืึดืึฐืขึธืึผ ืึผืึดืึฐืึดืืจึธืชึธืึผ ืึทึผื ืึทืึทื, ืึดืฉืึฐืึดึผืืึท ืึดืึผึถื ึผืึผ ืึถืช ืึผึฐืึปืึผึทืช ืกึฐืึปืึผึธืชืึน. ืึธื ืึปืกึฐืขืึผ ืึดื ืึทืึผึตื ืชึฐึผืฉืืึผืงึทืช ืึทืึทืึผึดืื ืึธืึฑืึนืึดืึผึดืื ืึฐืขึฒืึธื ึตืืึถื ืึฐืึถืึฐืึทืช ืึฐืฉืืึนืฉืึธื ืึฐืึตืืึธื ืึผึฐืึดืชึฐืึผึทืึฐึผืึธื ืึผึฐืคึนืขึทื, ืึผึฐืึถืจึถืฅึพืึทืึทืึผึดืื. ืึธืึณืจึทืช ืึทืฉึผึตืืึถื ืึทืคึผึธืฉืืึผื ืึฐืึทืึธึผืจืึผืจ ืึปืฉืึฐืึฐึผืชึธื, ืึดืื ืึทืฆึถึผืึถืง ืืึผืขึทื. ืึถืช ืขึถืึฐืึธึผืชึธื ืึธืงึฐืืึผ ืึทืึดึผืึฐืืึนื ืึทืึทึผืก ืฉืึถื ืึทืึถืึฐืจึธื ืึทืคึผึฐืจืึผืขึธื ืึฐืจึถืฉืึทืขึพืึผึถืกึถื ืฉืึถื ืึทืึฒืึธืืึนืช ืึธืึฑืึดืืึดืึผืึนืช ืึฐืชืึนืขึฒืืึนืชึตืืึถื. ืึผึฐืึทืฉืึผึธืืึนื ืึปึผืกึผึฐืชึธื ืึทืกึฐืึปืึผึธื ืึธืึฑืืึนึดืืช ืึทืึฒืฆืึผืึธื ืึฐึผื ึดืฉืึฐืึทืช ืึทืึปืึผึธื ืึฐืึนื ืชึผืึผืึทื ืขืึนื ืึธืงึทืึทืช ืึตื ืึถืึฐืึทืช ืึทืึตึผื ืึนืึทืจ, ืฉืึถืงึถื ืึธืืฉึนืึถืจ. ืชึฐึผืืึผื ึทืช ืึทืึปืึธึผื ืึผึฐืจึดืึฐืชึธึผืึผ ืืึนืกึดืืคึธื ืึฐืจึดืืึธื ืึผื ืึดืชึฐืืึผื ึทืช ืจืึผืึท ืึธืึธืจึถืฅ ืฉืึถืืึผื ืึทืชึฐืึดืื ืขึดืึผึธืึผ ืึทืชึฐืึธืึธื ื ึดืฆึทืึทืช: ืึฐึผืึปืึฐืฉืึทืช ื ึดืฉืึฐืึทืช ืึทืึปืึผึธื ืึนื ืชึผึดืชึผึตื ืกึฐืึปืึทึผืช ืึทืึธึถืจืฅ ืึถืช ืชึผึทืคึฐืงึดืืึธืึผ. ืจืึผืึท ืึธืึธึถืจืฅ, ืจืึผืึท ืึถึถืจืฅ ืึถืึฐืึธึผื ืึทืึฐืึตืึธื ืฉืึดืืจึทืชึพืงึนืึถืฉื ืึฐืจึดื ึฐื ึทืชึพืึธืึผ, ืึธืจึทื ืึทืึผึธืึพืึทืึผึธื. \"ืึทืชึผึดืึฐืึธื ืึธืึธืจึถืฅ ืึธืึถืคึฐืงึนื ืขึฒืื ึธืึผ ืขึธืึถืืึธ ืึทืชึผึธืงึดื ืึธืึธืจึถืฅ ืึถืช ืึนืฉืึฐืึถืืึธ.\" ืจืึผืึท ืึธืึปืึผึธื ืึดึผืึฐืึธืึธืึผ ืกึธืคึทื ืึถื ืชึผืึนืืึน ืึฐืกืึนืืึนืช ืจึธืขึดืื ืึฐืึธืจึดืื, ืขึทื ืึฒืฉืืจ ืึตืขึดืื ืึถืช ืึธืึณืจึธืชืึน ืึธืขึทืฆึฐืึธืึดืืช. ",
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"\"ืึดึผื ืึธื ึฐืชึธื ืึดืึผึธื ืึนืึดืืฉืึธื ืืึนืจึธืชึธื.\" ืึทืฃ ืึผึฐืึธื ืึทืฆึผึดืึผืึผืจึดืื ืึทืึผืึนืชึตืจ ืงึฐืืึนืฉืึดืื, ืึทืึฒืชืึผืึดืื ืึผึฐืึธืคึฐืึธืึผ ืฉืึถื ืึธืึปืึผึธื, ืึปืึผึทื ืึธืจึทืขึทื, \"ืึธืึฐืฉืึตืืึถื ืึผืืึนืขึฒืึตืืึถื ืฉืึธื ึฐืึธื ื ึทืคึฐืฉืึดื ืึธืืึผ ืขึธืึทื ืึธืึนืจึทื ื ึดืึฐืึตืืชึดื ื ึฐืฉืืึน.\" ืึฐืึทืึทืึผึดืื ืึทืึผึฐืึปืึผึดืึผึดืื, ืึทืึฒืจึตื ืึฒืฉืึถืจ ืึปืึผึทืึผึธืืึผ, ืืึนืกึดืืคืึผ ืึธืึผ ืึณืึธืึดืื ืืึผืกึธืจึดืึผึดืื ืึทึผืึผึดืืจึดืื, ืึทืึผึดืึฐืืึผ ืขึดื ืฉืึฐืืึนื ึธื ืึทืึผึฐืึดืื ึดื ืจึทืง ืึดืึฐืืึผืึธื ืคึผึฐื ึดืืึดืืช ืึทืึผึฐืึทืึผึถืึถืช ืึถืช ืึทื ึถึผืคึถืฉื. ืฉืึฐื ึตื ืึทืึฐึผืกืึนืืึนืช, ืึธืึปืึผึธื ืึฐืึธืึธืจึถืฅ, ืึฒืฉืึถืจ ืึดึผืึฐืจึดืืืึผืชึธื ืึตื ืืึนืกึดืืคึดืื ืึถื ืึธืึถื ืึธึผืึพืึธึผืึฐ ืึดืึฐืึทืชึพืึตื, ืึธึผืึพืึธึผืึฐ ืึนืึถืฅ ืึธืขึนื, ืึตืึตืืึผ ืึทืฉืึฐืคึผึดืืขึดืื ืึถื ืึธืึถื ืึผึทืึฒืืึนืชึธื โ ืึฐืจึธืขึธื ืึฐืึดืึฐืึธืขึธื, ืขึทื ืึฒืฉืึถืจ ืึปืึฐืจึฐืึธื ืึธืงึทืึทืช ืึทืขึฒืึทื ืึธืจึฐืคืืึธึผื ืึธืจึทืึฐืึธื ืึดืชึพืึธืึทืืึฐืจึดึธืืึธึผ, ืึทื ืชึดึผึผืืึทึผ ืึทื ืึผืจึนึธื, ืึดืชึฐืจึทืึฒืงืืชึผ ืึธืึปืึธึผื ืึตืึธืึธืจึถืฅ \"ืึผืึดืคึผึฐื ึตื ืึฒืึธืึตืื ืึผ ืึผึธืึดืื ืึผ ืึตืึทืจึฐืฆึตื ืึผ ืึฐื ึดืชึฐืจึทืึฒืงึฐื ืึผ ืึตืขึทื ืึทืึฐืึธืชึตื ืึผ.\" ",
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"ืึฐึผืขึถืฆึถื ืฆึธืจึธืชึธืึผ ืึทืึฐึผืืึนืึธื ืฉืึถื ืึธืึปืึผึธื, ืึทึผืึฒืฉืึถืจ ืกึธืจ ืึดืงึดืจึฐืึธึผืึผ ืฉืึฐืืึนื ึธื ืฉืึถื ืึทืึทืึดึผืื ืึทืึฐึผืึปืึผึดืึดึผืื ืึผืึฐืืึผืึธืชึธื ืึทืึผึทืึถึผืงึถืช, ืึตืึตื ืึธืืึนืจ ืึธืจืึผืึธื ึดื ืึธืฉืืึผื ืึทืขึฒืึนืืช ืึฐืึดืึผึนื ืึฐึผืงึดึฐืจืึธึผืึผ ืึทึผืึผึทืขึฒืึนืืช ืึฒืฉืึถืจ ืึธึทืจื. ืจืึผืึท ืึธืึปืึผึธื ืึนืืกึดืืฃ ืึฐืึทืขึฒืืึนืชึพืึตืึถืจ ืึฐึผืคึดื ืึดืึทึผืช ืฉืึฐืึดืืชึธืชืึน ืึตืึทืึทืึผึดืื ืึทืึผึฐืึดืื ึดืึผึดืื, ืฉืึถืึตื ืจึดืืฉืืึนื ึดืื ืึฐืึปืึฐืึธื ืึผึฐืฆึดืึผืึผืจ ืึฐืงึปืึฐืงึทื. \"ืึธืึนืึทืจ ืึตืึถืืึธ ืึธืึดืื ืจึทืึผึดืื ืชึผึตืฉืึฐืึดื ืึดื ืืึน ืชึดืึฐื ึดื ืึฐืืึน ืชึดืึฐืึดื ืึฐืึดืืฉื ืึฐืึทื ืึฒื ึดื ืึตืึธืึดืึฐ. ืึดึผื ืึธืึดืื ืจึทืึผึดืื ืึตืฉืึฐืืึผ ืึผึฐื ึตื ืึดืฉืึฐืจึธืึตื ืึตืื ืึถืึถืึฐ ืึฐืึตืื ืฉืึธืจ ืึฐืึตืื ืึถืึทื ืึฐืึตืื ืึทืฆึผึตืึธื ืึฐืึตืื ืึตืคืึนื ืึผืชึฐืจึธืคึดืื.\" \"ืึฐืึธืึธื ืึทืึผืึนื ืึทืืึผื ื ึฐืึปื ืึฐืืึธื ืึฐืึดืึฐืจึทืชึผึดื ืกืึผืกึถืืึธ ืึดืงึดึผืจึฐืึถึผืึธ ืึฐืึทืึฒืึทืึฐืชึผึดื ืืจึทึฐืืึฐึผืชึนืึถื ืืึฐืึดืจึฐึทืชืึผึด ืขืจึธึตื ืืจึทึฐืฆืึถ ืืึฐืจึธึทืกืชึฐืึผึด ืืึธึผ ืืึดืฆึฐืจึธึถืื.ึธ ืืึฐืึดืจึฐึทืชืึผึด ืึฐืฉืึธืคึดืื ืึดืึผึธืึถืึธ ืึผืึฐืขืึนื ึฐื ึดืื ืืึน ืึดืึฐืืึผ ืึธืึฐ. ืึฐืึดืึฐืจึทืชึผึดื ืคึฐืกึดืืึถืืึธ ืึผืึทืฆึผึตืืึนืชึถืืึธ ืึดืงึดึผืจึฐืึผึถืึธ ืึฐืืึน ืชึดืฉืึฐืชึผึทืึฒืึถื ืขืึนื ืึฐืึทืขึฒืฉืึตื ืึธืึถืืึธ.\"",
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"\"ืึทืึฒืฉืึดืึผึนืชึดื ืึฒื ึดื ืึถืช ืึธืึธึถืจืฅ ืึฐืฉืึธืึฐืืึผ ืขึธืึถืืึธ ืึนืึฐืึตืืึถื ืึทืึผึนืฉืึฐืึดืื ืึธึผืึผ. ืึฐืึถืชึฐืึถื ืึฑืึธืจึถื ืึทืึผืึนืึดื ืึทืึฒืจึดืืงืชึนึดื ืึทืึฒืจึตืืึถื ืึธืจึถื ืึฐืึธืึฐืชึธื ืึทืจึฐืฆึฐืึถื ืฉืึฐืึธืึธื ืึฐืขึธืจึตืืึถื ืึดืึฐืืึผ ืึธืจึฐืึผึธื. ืึธื ืชึผึดืจึฐืฆึถื ืึธืึธืจึถืฅ ืึถืช ืฉืึทืึผึฐืชึนืชึถืืึธ ืึนึผื ืึฐืึตื ืึณืฉืึทืึผึธื ืึฐืึทืชึผึถื ืึฐึผืึถืจึถืฅ ืึนืึฐืึตืืึถื ืึธื ืชึผึดืฉืึฐืึทึผืช ืึธืึธืจึถืฅ ืึฐืึดืจึฐืฆึธืช ืึถืช ืฉืึทืึฐึผืชึนืชึถืืึธ. ืึธึผื ืึฐืึตื ืึธืฉืึผึทืึผึธื ืชึผึดืฉืึฐืึผึนืช ืึตืช ืึฒืฉืึถืจ ืึนื ืฉืึธืึฐืชึธื ืึฐึผืฉืึทืึฐึผืชึนืชึตืืึถื ืึฐึผืฉืึดืึฐืชึผึฐืึถื ืขึธืึถืืึธ.\" ",
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"\"ืึฐืึธืึธืจึถืฅ ืชึผึตืขึธืึตื ืึตืึถื ืึฐืชึดืจึถืฅ ืึถืช ืฉืึทืึฐึผืชึนืชึถืืึธ ืึธึผืึฐืฉืึทืึผึธื ืึตืึถื ืึฐืึตื ืึดืจึฐืฆืึผ ืึถืช ืขึฒืื ึธื ืึทืขึทื ืึผืึฐืึทืขึทื ืึฐึผืึดืฉืึฐืคึผึธืึทื ืึธืึธืกืึผ ืึฐืึถืช ืึปืงึผึนืชึทื ืึธึผืขึฒืึธื ื ึทืคึฐืฉืึธื.\"",
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"ืึดืฉืึฐืจึธืึตื ืึผึทืึผืึนืึธื ืขึธืึทื ืึถืช ืึทืึฒืึธืชืึน ืึดืึธึผื ืขึดื ึฐืึฐื ึตืึพืืึนื ืึดืฆึผึทื ืึฐึผืึธืืึผืช ืึธืึปืึธึผื. ืฉืึธื ืึถืช ืขึตืื ึธืื ืึฐืึดืึผืึน ืจึทืง ืึทึผืฉืึผึธืึทืึดื ืึดืึผึทืขึทื. ืึดืึผืึน ืึนื ืึธืึทื ืขืึนื ืึฐืึทืจึฐืึผืึนืช ืึทืึดื ืจึถืึถื ืึธืกืึผืก, ืึผึฐืึธื ืึผืึนื ืขึทื ืึทืึฐืึธืชืึน: ืึผืึดืึฐืึธื ืึนื ืึธืึธื ืขืึนื ืึดืึฐืึธื ืึธืึปืึธึผื ืฉืืึผื ืขึตืกึถืง ืึธืึฐืจึดื. ืึทืึทื ืขึดื ืึถื ืึธืึทื ืึทืขึฒืืึน ืึถื ืึธึผื ืชึทึผืึฐื ืึผื ึตื ืึทืึผืึนืึผื ืึธืจึทืึดึผืื. ืึฐืจืึผืึทึพื' ืึตืึตื ืึฐืคึทืขึฒืืึน ืึฐืึทืฉึฐืืึผึดืื ืึถื ืขึตืจึถืึฐ ืึทืึธืึธื ืึผืึทืขึฒืึทืช ื ึดืฉืึฐืึธืชืึน, ืึฐืึตื ืึฐืืึนืงึดืืจ ืึฐึผืึดืืึผื ืึถืช ืขึถืจึฐืึธึผืึผ ืึธืจืึผืึธื ึดื ืฉืึถื ืึธืึปืึผึธื ืึฐืึดืชึฐืจืึนื ึธืึผ ืึธืึฑืืึนึดื. ืึทืชึผืึนืจึธื ื ึดืชึฐืึทืึผึฐืึธื ืขึธืึธืื ืึดืึผึธืึธื ืึผืึดืคึผึธื ืจึทื ืึฐึผืึดืืึตืึพื ึฐืขืึผืจึธืื ืึทืืึนืึดืื. ืขึทื ืงึฐืึปืฉืึผึทืช ืึธืึฑืืึผื ึธื ืึฐืึทืึผึดืฆึฐืึนืช ืึธืฆึธื ืึทืืึนืจึตื ืึผึฐืฉืึดืึฐืึทืชึพืึตืึธื. ืขึตืื ึธืื ืึฐืึดืึผืึน, ืึฒืฉืึถืจ ืึธืืึผ ืึทึผืฉืึผึธืึทืึดื ืชึผึธืึดืื, ืึถืขึฑืืึผ ืึฒืจืึผืึธื ืึฐืึธื ืึฐืฉืืึผืืึนืช ืึทืึทืึดึผืื ืึทืึฐึผืึปืึผึดืึดึผืื ืึผืึฐืึธื ืคึผึดืฉืึฐืขึตืืึถื, ืึผืึตืขึตืช ืึฒืฉืึถืจ ืึดืชึฐืจึทืึตืง ืึตืึทืจึฐืฆืึน ืคึผึธื ึธื ืชึผึธืึดืื ืึตืึถืืึธ, โ ืึฒืึธื ืึนื ืึฐึผืึทืึธึผื ืึทึผืก, ืึนื ืึผึฐืึธื ืฉืืึนืึตืึพืึตึผืืชึพืึนืึถืจ ืึทืึดึผืฉืึฐืชืึนืงึตืง ืึถื ืึถืจึถืฅ ืึฐืืึนืจึธืชืึน ืึดืคึฐึผื ึตื ืฉืึถืึดืื ืึทืฉืึฐืึผึดืืขึธืชืึน ืึถืึถื ืึผืึฐืกึทืคึถึผืงึถืช ืืึน ืึถืช ืึฒืคึธืฆึธืื ืึทืึธืึฐืจึดืึผึดืื, ืึดึผื ืึฐืขึตืื ึทืึดื ืึฐืึตืืึนืช ืึดืึผึทืช ืงืึนึถืฉื ืึดืึผึดืื ืึตืึถืืึธ, ืึถื ืกึฐืึปืึผึธืชึธืึผ ืึทืคึผึฐื ึดืืึดืืช, ืึทืึผึทืชึฐืึดืืึธื ืึทืชึผึฐืฉืืึผืงึธื ืึธืึฑืืึนึดืืช ืึฒืฉืึถืจ ืึตืึตืึธื ืึธืฉืืึผื ืึฐืชืึนืืึน.",
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"ืึตึผื ืึธืึธืจึถืฅ ืึดืชึฐื ึทืขึฒืจึธื ืึดืึผึปืึฐืึธืชึธืึผ. \"ืฉืึดืึผืึนืจึตืึพืึถืคึฐืจึทืึดื,\" ืฉืึธืจึดืื ืกืึนืจึฐืจึดืื ืึฐืึทืึฐืจึตื ืึผึทื ึผึธืึดืื, ืึนืึฒืึตื ืฉืึนืึทื ืึฐืจืึนืึฐืคึตื ืฉืึทืึฐืืึนื ึดืื, ืึทืึผืึนืขึฒืึดืื ืึตืจึนื ืืึนืึธื, ื ึดืึฐืืึผ ืึดืึถึผื ึธื ืึทืึทื ืขึดื ืึธึผื ืึธืกึฐื ึธื ืึฐืชึดืคึฐืึทืจึฐืชึผึธืึผ. ืึทืึทืจ ืึธืึดืื ืจึทืึผึดืื ืึตืึตืึธื, ืึธืึฐื ึธื ืึดืึฐืฉืึนืึฐ ืึตืึถืืึธ ืึฐืึดืึผึธืึผ ื ึดืึธึผืึดืื ืึฐืึดืืึดืื, โ ืึฒืึธื ืจึทืง ืึฐึผืึนืึธืึผ ืึถืึฑืึนืึดืื, ืึดึผืงึฐืึปืฉืึผึธืชึธืึผ ืึธืขึถืึฐืืึนื ึธื ืึทืึผึดืชึฐืขึทืึธึผื ืขึทื ืึผึธื ืึตืคึถืฅ ืึทืึตึผืึพืึนืึถืจ ืึผืึฐืจึดืืฉืึทืช ืึดืฉืึฐืึฐืจึตืึพืึฐืึนื.",
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"\"ืงึตืฅ ืึฐืฉืืึผืขึธื ื ึดืกึฐืชึผึทื ืึธืจึธืึฐ. \"ืึดืึธึผื ืึฐืคืึผืึธื ืืึน ืึทึผืึฐืึธื.\" ืึดื ืึธึผื ืึฐืกืึนื ื' ืึธืึทืขึทืช ืึธืชึทื ืึธืึฐืึฒืจืึผ ืึผึธืึดืื ืึธืึธืจึถืฅ ืึฐืึทืึผืึนื ืึดืึผึปืึฐืึทืชึพืึทื ึดืึธึผื ืึฒืฉืึถืจ ืึธืึถื, ืึธืชึทื ืฉืึธื ืึธืจืึผื, ืึทืึผึดืกึฐืชึทืชึผึตืจ ืึฐึผืขึทืฆึฐืืึผืชืึน ืึฐื ึดืึฐืึธื ืึดึผืคึฐืขึปืึผืึนืชึธืื, ืึผึฐืคึดื ืึดืึทึผืช ืึทืึฐืฉืึธืจึทืช ืึทืึผึทืฆึผึธืึดืื ืึทืึดืืฆืึนื ึดืื ืึทืึผึทืึฐืฉืึดืืจึดืื ืึถืช ืึดืชึฐืึทืึผืึผืชืึน ืึผึธืึปืึผึธื ืึผืึธืึธืจึถืฅ, โ ืึถื ืึธืึณืจืึน ืึฐืึธืกึฐื ืึน, ืึผืึธืชึทื ืึดืึผึดืืขึธื ืขึตืชึพืึผืึนืึดืื, ืึฒืฉืึถืจ ืึผึฐืึดืชึฐืึทืึผึตืจ ืึธืึปืึผึธื ืึฐืึธืึธืจึถืฅ ืึทืึทื ืึดืคึฐืขึทื ืึธึผื ืึถืึธื ืึตืึตื ืขึทื ืึฒืึตืจืึน ืึฐืืึนืึธื ืึฐืึดืึฐืจึธืึธื, ืึฐืืึน ืึทึผืึฒืฉืึถืจ ืึธืืึผ ืึผึดืืึตื ืึทืึนืฉืึถืึฐ, โ ืึตืื ืึดืชึผึธื ืึผ ืืึนืึตืขึท ืขึทืึพืึธื. ืึผืึฐืึตื ืขึตืื ึตืื ืึผ ื ึฐืฉืืึผืืึนืช ืึทืึฒืืึนืช ืึถืช ืึถืึฐืืึนื ึตืึพืึทืึดืกึฐืชึผึธืจึดืื ืึผึดืึฐืงืึนืึพืจืึนืึดืื, โ ืึผึทืึฒืืึนื ืงึตืฅ ืึทืึฐืึปืึถึผื, ืึฒืฉืึถืจ ืึฒืึธืึดืื ืึตืึธื ืึดืึดึผืืขืึผ: \"ืึตืื ืึธืึฐ ืงึตืฅ ืึฐืึปืึผึถื ืึดืึถึผื, ืฉืึถื ึถึผืึฑืึทืจ: \"ืึฐืึท๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝึผึถื ืึธืจึตื ืึดืฉึฐืืจึธืึตื ืขึทื ึฐืคึผึฐืึถื ืชึผึดืชึผึตื ืึผ ืึผืคึถืจึฐืึฐืึถื ืชึผึดืฉึฐืืืึผ ืึฐืขึทืึผึดื ืึดืฉืึฐืจึธืึตื ืึดึผื ืงึตืจึฐืืึผ ืึธืืึนื.\" \"ืึผืคึธื ึดืืชึดื ืึฒืึตืืึถื ืึฐื ึถืขึฑืึทืึฐืชึผึถื ืึฐื ึดืึฐืจึทืขึฐืชึผึถื, ืึฐืึดืจึฐืึผึตืืชึดื ืขึฒืึตืืึถื ืึธืึธื ืึธึผื ืึผึตืืช ืึดืฉืึฐืจึธืึตื ืึปึผืึผืึน ืึฐื ืฉึนืึฐืืึผ ืึถืขึธืจึดืื ืึฐืึถืึณืจึธืืึนืช ืชึผึดืึธึผื ึถืื ึธื, ืึฐืึดืจึฐืึตึผืืชึดื ืขึฒืึตืืึถื ืึธืึธื ืึผืึฐืึตืึธื ืึฐืจึธืืึผ ืึผืคึธืจืึผ ืึฐืืึนืฉืึทืึฐืชึผึดื ืึถืชึฐืึถื ืึฐึผืงึทืึฐืืึนืชึตืืึถื ืึฐืึตืึดืึนืชึดื ืึตืจึดืืฉืืชึนึตืืึถื ืึดืืึทืขึฐืชึผึถื ืึดึผื ืึฒื ึดื ื'.\"",
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"ืึธึผื ืขืึนื ืฉืึถืึผืึน ืึธึผืึธื ืึทืขึทื, ืึธึผื ืึฐืึทื ืฉืึถืึฐึผืึทืขึฒืึธืงึตื ืจืึผืึท ืึธืึปืึผึธื ืึฐืึธืึธืจึถืฅ ืืึน ืกึธืจึธื ืขึฒืึทืึดื ืึถืึฐืึธืชึธื ืึตืึตื, ืึธืึฐืชึธื ืึธื ืึผึธื ืกึดืึทึผืช ืคึผึฐื ืึนืชึธื ืจึทืง ืึถื ืขึธื, ืึถื ืงืึนึถืฉื ื', ืจึทืง ืึตืจืึนื ืฉืืึนืึฐืืึผืชึธื, ืึดืคึผึฐื ึตื ืฉืึถืึผืึน ืึธืึธื ืึธืึตื ืึธึผื ืขึดื ึฐืึธื ืึธืงึทืึทืช ืึตื ืึธืึธื ืึทืึทื ืึทืึผึตื ืืึนึถืจ ืขึฒืึตื ืึฒืึธืืึนืช: ืึฒืึธื ืึดื ืึดืชึฐืึผึทืึผืึผ ืึธื ืึผึฐืึทืึผึตืึพืึถืึฐืจึธื ืึผืึดืฉืึฐืึทืจึพืึธืจึถืฅ, ืึดืึผึธื ืึดืชึฐืึผึทืึถึผื ืจืึผืึทึพืึธืขึดืึฐืขึดืื ืึฒืฉืึถืจ ืึผึฐืึปืึผึธื ืึฐืึทืึทืฉืึฐืึธืชืึนืช ืึธืขึทืชึผึดืืงืึนืช ืชึผึธืฉืืึนืึฐื ึธื ืึผืชึฐืงึดืืฆึตืื ึธื. ืึผึฐืึตื ื ึดืกึฐืชึผึทื ืขึทื ืึธื ืึธึผื ืึฒืืึนืึพืจืึผืึท, ืึธืึธืจึถืฅ ื ึดืฉืึฐืึฐึผืึธื ืึฐึผืึตืช ืึดืึผึตื ืึฐึผืึทื ืึธืึปืึผึธื, ืึฐืึทืึฐืึดืืึดืื, ืฉืึถืขึธืึธื ืขึทื ืึดืึธึผื ืึดืคึฐื ืึนืช ืึตืึถืืึธ, ืืึน ืึธืึธื ืึธืึตื ืึฐึผืึธื ืฉืืึผื ืขึดื ึฐืึธื ืึทืึดืชึฐืึทืึตืก ืึฐืฆึดืึธึผืึผ ืึทืึธืึฐืจึดื ืืึธืจึทึฐืฆืึด.",
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"ืึฒืึธื ืึฐึผืึดืึทึผืช ืึดืชึฐืึทืึฐึผืืึผืช ืึทืกึผึตืึธื ืฉืึถื ืึทึผืขึทึทืจืช ื' ืึฐืชึนืืึทืึฐืชึผึนื, ืฉืึถืึดืื ืึตึฐืจืงึธื ืึนื ืจึทืง ืึถืช ืึทืึฐืึดืืึดืื, โ ืฉืึถืึตื ืฉืึธืืึผ ืึฐึผึปืจืึธึผื ืึดึผืืึตืึพืึดืึธึผืืึนืช ืึธืจึดืืฉืืึนื ึดืื, โ ืึผึดืึพืึดื ืึถืช ืจืึผืึท ืึธืึปืึผึธื ืึดึผืึฐืึธืืึผ, ืึทืชึผึฐืจืึนืึตื ืึดืชึผืึน ืึทืึทื ืึถืช ืจืึผืึท ืึธืึธืจึถืฅ ืึฒืฉืึถืจ ื ึดืฉืึฐืคึทึผื ืึผึดืืึตืึพืึธืจึธืขึธื, โ ืึผึฐืึดืึธึผื ืืึน ืึตืึตืืึผ ืึทืจึฐืึตื ืฆึดืึผืึนื ืึธืึฒืึตืืึนืช ืึฐืึธืงึตืฉื ืึถืช ืชึผึทืคึฐืงึดืืึธื. ืึธืขึทื ืึฒืฉืึถืจ ื ึถืขึฑืึทื ืึตืึตื ืึตืึตื ืึทืึฒืฉืืึนื ืขึทื ืึฐึผืึทืจ ืึตืคึถืฅ ืฉืืึผืืึน ืึถื ืขึธืจึธืื ืึฐืึถื ืึทืจึฐืฆืึน, ืึดืึฐืฆืึน ืฉืึธืึธึผื ืึทืึผึดืื ืฉืึฐืึตืึดืื, ืึทืึดึผืื ืึทืึผึฐืึทืึผึฐืึดืื ืึถืช ืึผึธื ืึทืคึผึธืืึผื ืึดืฆึผึทื ืึทืึนืึถืจ ืึฐืึธืจืึผืึท, ืึทึผื ืึทืึทื. ืจึทืง ืึถื ืึดืงึธึผืจืึนื ืึตืึตื ืึธืจืึผืึท ืึฐืคึธืขึตื, ืึผึทืึผึดืกึฐืชึผึธืจึดืื ืึผึธื, ืขืึนื ืกึตืชึถืจึพืคึผึธื ึดืื ืืึน, ืึฐืึปืึธึผืขึธืื ืึธืจึทืึผึดืื ืืึน ืืึผืึฐืืึผ ืึฐืึทืึดึผืืจืึน ืึฐืืึนืึฐืขึธืื ืืึน ืึธืืึผ ืึธืึธืื. ืึทืฃ ืึดื ื ึดืจึฐืึธื ืึตืจึตืืฉืึดืืช ืฆึฐืึดืืึฒืชืึน ืึผึทืึฒืืึนืึพืึตื ืึดืงึฐืืึนืฉืึตืึพืจืึผืึท, โ ืจึธืืึผืืึผ ืึฐืืึน ืึดืึดึผืืจืึผืืึผ ืึฐึผืขึปืึผืึน ืึผืึทืึผึธืฉืืึผืชืึน, ืขึทื ืึฒืฉืึถืจ ืึดึผืึฐืกึดืึผืึนืช ืึดืชึฐืึทืคึผึตืึฐ ืึฐืึดื ึตึผืืึผ ืืึนืึตืึฐ ืึฐื ึดืึฐืึถื. ืึทืฉึผืึฐืึตืจืึนืช ืึทืงึฐึผืจืึนืืึนืช ืืึนืชึตืจ ืึทืึฒืคึธืฆึดืื ืึธืึฐืจึดืึผึดืื ืึดื ึผึธื ืจึดืืฉืืึนื ืึนืช ืึฐืึทืึดึผืืจ ืึถืช ืคึผึฐืขึธืึธืื. ืชึผึฐืืึผื ึธืชืึน, ืึทืึผึฐืึตืึธื ืขึดื ึฐืึธื ืึทืึฒืคึธืฆึดืื ืึธืึฐืจึดืึผึดืื, ืึตืคึถืฅ ืึธืึธืจึถืฅ, ืึธืขึฒืืึนืึธื, ืึทืกึตึผืึถืจ ืึฐืึทืึดึผืฉืึฐืึธืจ ืึทืึถืึฐืจึธืชึดื, ืืึน ืึธืจึธื ืึดืื ืึฐืจืึผืึธื ืึฐึผืืึน ืึฐืจืึผืึท ืึผึฐื ึตื ืขึธืึดืึผึธื ืึทืึผึฐืึปืึธืึดืื ืฉืึถื ืขึทื ืึฐืึปืฉืึผึธืึฐ ืึผืึฐืึนืจึธื ืึฒืฉืึถืจ ืฉืึธืึทื ืึทืึผึดืื ืึฐื ึธืฉืึธื ืืึนืึธื. โ",
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"ืึฐืึธืื ืึทื ึฐืฉืึตืึพืึตื ื ึดืชึฐืึผึธืขึดืื ืึธืึนื ืึทืขึฒืืึนื ืึผึทืึผึทืขึฒืจึธืึธื, ืึฐืึทืึผึตืง ืึธืึทืึดื ืจึธืคืึนืช, ืึฐืจืึนืึตื ืจืึผืึท ืึผึธื ืึดืชึฐืึธืึตืฉื ืึผืึฐืึทืึผึตืฅ ืึผึธื ืึผืึนืฉืึตื, ืึดืงึฐืจืึนื ืึฐืงืึนื ืึธึผืืึนื: \"ืฆึดืึผืึนื, ืึทื ืึดืจึฐืคึผืึผ ืึธืึธืึดืึฐ!\". ืึดื ึตื ื ึดืฉืึฐืึทืช ืึฑืึนืึดืื ืึทืึดึผืื ืึธืขึฒืืึผืึธื, ืึฒืฉืึถืจ ืึธืฉืึฐืึธื ืึผึฐืกึตืชึถืจ ืึทืึผึทืึฐืจึตืึธื ืึผึฐืึธื ืึฐืึตื ืึทืึผึธืืึผืช, ืืึนืึถืึถืช ืึผืึดืชึฐืึผึทืึธึผื. ืึถืช ืืึนืึธืึผ ืึฐืึดืคึฐืขึธืชึธืึผ ืึฒืึนื ืึนื ืชึผืึผืึทื ืึฐืึทืึผืึนืช ืจึทืง ืึผืขึทืึผึธืึผ ืึทืึทื ืึทืึดึผืื ืฉืึฐืึตืึดืื ืขึทื ืึทืึฐืึธืชืึน. ืึผึฐืฉืึตื ืฉืึถืึตืื ืึทืฉืึผึฐืึดืื ึธื ืฉืืึนืจึธื ืึฐึผืึดืืฉื ืึฐืึดืืึดื ืึถืึธึผื ืขึทื ืึดึผืึผืึนืจ ืึฐืขึธืฉืึดืืจ ืึผืึทืขึทืึพืงืึนืึธื, ืึถืึผึธื ืฉืึถืึธึผื ืึถื ืืึน ืึดืกึฐืึผืึนื ืึฐืืึผืึธื ืึผึดืึฐืชึดึผื ืึทืึทึผืขึฒืืึนืช ืึธืจืึผืึธื ึดืึผืึนืช ืฉืึถื ืึธืึฐืึธื ืึทืขึฒื ึธืึธื, โ ืึธึผื ืึตืื ืึทืฉืึผึฐืึดืื ึธื ืึทืึฐึผืึธืึดืืช ืฉืืึนืจึธื ืึถืึผึธื ืึฐึผืขึทื ืึธืึตื ืึฐึผืืึผืจึธื, ืขึนืฉืึถืจ, ืึฐืงืึนืึฐืึดืึผืึผืช, ืึถืึธึผื ืฉืึถืึผึธื ืึตืึผึถื ืึดืึฐืฆึฐืืึผ ืึถืช ืขึถืจึฐืึธึผื ืจึทืง ืึผึฐืึตืขึธืฉืืึนืชึธื ืึผึฐืกึดืืกึดืื ืึฐืึธืืึนืจ ืึธืจืึผืึธื ึดื ืึธืึฑืืึนึดื, ืึทืึฐืึปืึธึผื ืืึนืจ ื' ืึฐืขึทื ึฐืึทืชึพืฆึถืึถืง.",
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"ืึฐึผื ึถืคึถืฉื ื ึดืึฐืึธืึธื ืึผืึฐืึดึฐืจืึผึทืึดื ืึผึนืืฉืึฐืึนืืช ืึตืขึนืฆึถืจ ืจึธืขึธื ืึฐืึธืึนืื, ืฉืึถื ืขึธืงึทืชึพืืึนืึตื ืึฐืฉืึดืคึฐืืึผืช ื ึฐืืึผืึดืื, ืึผึฐืึถืคึถืก ืชึผึดืงึฐืึธื ืึฐื ึดืืึผืึดืื ืึผึฐืึทืึฐืึทืช ื ึตืึธืจ, ืึผึธืืึผ ืึถื ืึธืึธืจึถืฅ ืคึผึฐืืึผืจึตืึพืึผืึนืึธื, ืฉืึฐืจึดืืึดืื ืึฐืึดืืึดืื. ืขึตืื ึตืืึถื ืึทืึผึฐืจืึผืืึนืช, ืึตืจืึนื ืึฒืคึตืึธื ืฉืึถื ืึผืึนืึธื ืึทืึทืจ ืึผืึนืึธื, ืึนื ืชึผืึผืึทืึฐื ึธื ืขืึนื ืึดืกึฐืึผืึนื ืึถืช ืึผึธื ืชึผึนืงึถืฃ ืึธืืึนืจ ืึทืึธึผืืึนื ืึทืึผึธืจืึผืขึท ืึผึธืึธืจึถืฅ. ืึทืงึผืึนืึธื ืขืึนื ืืึน ื ึตืึฐืึทึผืงึฐึผืคึธื, ืึธืจืึผืึท ืขืึนื ืืึน ื ึดืชึฐืขืึนืึตื, ืึทื ึฐึผืฉืึธืึธื ืึธืึฑืึนืึดืืช ืขืึนื ืึนื ื ึดืชึฐืึทึผืึผึฐืชึธื ืึดึผืชึฐืขืึผืคึทืช ืขึปืึธึผืึผ. ืึฒืึธื ืงึทืึดึผืื ืึผืึนืึฐืึดืื ืฉืึถื ืืึนืจึธื ืคึผึฐืืึผืจึดืื ืึผึฐืึธื ืขึฒืึธืจึดืื, ืึทืงึตึผืฅึพืึทืึผึฐืึปืึผึถื ืืึนืึตืึฐ ืึฐืงึธืจึตื, ืึฐืึธื ืึฒืฉืึถืจ ืจืึผืึทึพื' ืึฐืคึทืขึฒืืึน ืึธืืึผืฉื ืึดืึฐืืึนืช ืึตืึทืึผืึนื ึดืื ืึธืจึดืืฉืืึนื ึดืื ืึทืึผืึนื ึดืื ืึถืช ืึผึดื ึฐืึธื ืึธืึปืึผึธื ืึผึฐืึถืจึถืฅึพืึถืึฐืึทึผืชึพืขืึนืึธืึดืื!",
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"ืึฐึผืืึน ืฉืึถืฆึฐืขึดืืจึธื ืึดืื ืงืึนืึฐืืึผืช ืขึทืึตึผื ืึผ ืขึทื ืึทืึฐืึทืช ืึทืงึผืึนึถืฉื; ืึฐึผืืึน ืฉืึถืึทึผื ืึฐืงึธืึธื ืืึผื ืึผึดื ึฐืึธื ึตื ืึผ ืึฐืขึปืึผึทืช ืชึผึดืงึฐืึธืชึตื ืึผ ืึทืึผึฐืืึนืึธื, ืฉืึถืึดืื ื ึถืึฑืึถืจึถืช ืึผึดืืึดืื ื' ืจืึนืึฐืึธื \"ืึดื ึฐืึนืขึท ืฉืึธืึทืึดื ืึฐืึดืืกึนื ืึธืจึถืฅ ืึฐืึตืืึนืจ ืึฐืฆึดืึผืึนื ืขึทืึผึดื ืึธืชึผึธื,\" ืึตึผื ืึทืง ืึฐืึธืืึผืฉื ืืึผื ืึธืจืึผืึท ืึทืึผึปืจึฐืึผึธืฉื ืึผึฐืงึดืจึฐืึผึตื ืึผ ืึตืจืึนืึฐืืึผืชึธืึผ ืฉืึถื ืึถืจึถืฅึพืึถืึฐืึธึผื. ืึทืึฒืึทืจึพืึผึธืืึนื ืึถื ืึทืึผึดืชึฐืึทึผืึผึถื ืึดึผืงึฐืึปืฉืึผึทืช ืึทืึผืึนืึตื ืึฐืึทืฉืึผึฐืึดืึผึธื ืขึทื ืึทืึฐืึทืช ืึทืงึผึนืึถืฉื, ืึทื ึผืึนืชึตื ืขืึน ืึฐืชึทืขึฒืฆืึผืืึนืช ืึธืขึธื, ืจึทืง ืึตืจึธืืึนืง ืขืึนื ืึตืจึธืึถื ืึธื ืึผ. ืึธืึฐื ึธื ืึฐืึทืึผืึนืช ืึตื ืึถืช ืจืึผืึตื ืึผ ืึทืึผึดืฆึฐืึนืชึพืึทืชึผึฐืืึผืืึนืชึพืึผึธืึธืจึถืฅ ืึทึผืึผึธื ืฉืึถืขืึนืึถื ืึผึฐืึธืึตืื ืึผ ืึฐืงึทืึผึตื ืึตืึตื ืึผึทื ืึธึผืขึตืช, ืึดื ืึดึผื ืขึณืึทืึดื ืึตืื ืึธื ืึผ ืฉืืึผื ืึธืึธืจ ืึผึดืฉืึฐืึตืืึผืชืึน. ืึฒืึธื ืึดืึผึดืืขึธื ืึทืฉืึผึธืขึธื ืึดืชึฐืึดืึทึผืช ืึทืชึผืึนืจึธื ืึทืึผึฐืึปืึถึผื ึถืช ืึฐืขึปืึผึทืช ืชึผึฐืึดืึทึผืช ืึธืึธืจึถืฅ: ืชึผึทืึฐืืึผืึธื ืฉืึถื ืึทืึผึดืฆึฐืึนืชึพืึทืชึผึฐืืึผืืึนืชึพืึผึธืึธืจึถืฅ ืึตืึตื ืึดืึฐืืึนืช ืืึนืึตืึฐ ืึฐื ึถืึฐืฉืึธื, ืึฐืึธื ืขึทื ื' ืึทืึผึทืคึฐื ึถื ืคึผึธื ึธืื ืึถื ืึทืจึฐืฆืึน ืึฐึผืจืึผืึท ื' ืึฒืฉืึถืจ ืขึธืึธืื, โ ืึฐืืึนืึธื ืงึฐืืึนืฉืึธื ืึถืชึถืจ ืขึทื ืึทืืึนืึธื ืึทืึผึฐืึธืึดืืช ืึทืึทืงึถึผืคึถืช ืึถืช ืึผึธื ืึทืชึผืึนืจึธื ืึผึปืึผึธืึผ; ืึผืึฐืืึนืชึตืจ ืึตืึตืึธื ืืึนืึธืชืึน ืึฐืึดืึผึธืืึนืช ืขึทื ืืึนืฉืึฐืึตื ืึทืึฐืึทืชึพืึทืงึผึนืึถืฉื.",
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"ืชึผึทืึฐืืึผื ืึตืึดืื ืึดืืึตื ืึทืขึฒืฉืึถื, ืฉืึดื ึผืึผื ืึทืึฒืึธืืึนืช ืึฐึผืึตืจืึผืจ ืึฐืึทืจึฐืึธืึธื, ืขึฒืฉืืึนืช ืกึฐืคึธืจึดืื ืึฐืึทืจึฐืึผืึนืช ืึถืึฐืงึธืจ ืึธึผืึตื, ืึฐืึดืืึดืื ืึถืช ืึทืึทืึผึธืจึธื ืึฐืึธืึทืึฒืึธื ืึถื ืึทืึผึดืฆึฐืึนืชึพืึทืชึผึฐืืึผืืึนืชึพืึผึธืึธืจึถืฅ, ืึฒืฉืึถืจ ื ึดืฉืึฐืึฐึผืืึผ ืฉืึฐื ืึนืชึพืึตืืึนืช ืจึทืึผืึนืช ืึดืึฐึผืึธืืึผืช ืึธืึปืึผึธื, ืึฐืืึนืจ ื', ืฉืึถืึฐึผืึธื ืืึนืช ืึธืืึนืช ืึผืึฐืึธื ืคึผึฐืจึธื ืึผืคึฐืจึธื ืึดืคึผึฐืจึธืึถืืึธ ืฉืึถื ืชึผืึนืจึธื, ืืึนืคึดืืขึท ืึผืึฐืขืึนืจึตืจ ืึถืช ืึตืฉืึถืง ืฉืึฐืึดืืจึธืชึธื ืึฐึผืึธื ืคึผึดืจึฐืึตืืึถื, ืึฐืึทืึผึธืจึทืช ืฆึดืึฐืงึธื ืึผืึฐืืึนืึธื ืืึนืึถืึถืช ืึผืึดืชึฐืจึทืึผึธื ืึฐืคึดื ืึทืึฐืึทึผืึทืช ืชึผืึนืจึธืชึธื ืึฐืึทืึฒืึธืจึธืชึธืึผ. ",
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"ืึฐืึดื ึตึผื ืขึทืชึผึธื ืึดืึผืืขึธื ืฉืึฐื ึทืชึพืึทืฉืึผึฐืึดืึผึธื ืึฐืคึดื ืึดื ึฐืึธื ืึทืฉืึผึธื ึดืื ืึทืึผึปืึฐืึธืง ืึดืชึผึธื ืึผ. ืึตืจืึนื ืึทึผืึผืึผืช ืึทืฆึผึทื ืึดืฉืึผืึผืึตื ืึผ ืึธึผืึธืจึถืฅ ืึถืึฐืจึตืึท ืืึผื ืึธืึฐื ึธื ืึฐืึดืกึฐืชึทืคึผึตืง ืข\"ืค ืจืึนื ืึผึฐืืึนืจึธืึทืชึพืฉืึธืขึธื, ืึทึผืึฒืฉืึถืจ ืึปืกึฐืึทึผื ืึตืึธื ืข\"ืค ืึผึฐืืึนืึตืึพืึทืึผืึนืจ, ืึฒืฉืึถืจ ื ึดืึฐื ึฐืกืึผ ืึฐืชืึนืึฐ ืขืึนึถืง ืึทืฆึผึทื ืึทืึผึดืฉืึผืึผื ืึถืึธืึธืฉื ืึผึฐืึทืจึฐืฆึตื ืึผ ืึทืงึฐึผืืึนืฉืึธื, ืึผืึฐืึทืจึฐืึผึธืฉืึธื ื ึถืึฑืึธื ึธื ืึธืึฐืจืึผ ืึถื ืขึถืจึฐืึผืึน ืึผึถืขึธืชึดืื, ืึผึฐืืึผืฉืึธื ืฉืึถืืึน ืึธืืึผื ืึฐืืึนืึพืงึฐืึธื ืึนืช ืึฐืึธืึทืขึทืช ืึผึดื ืึตืึตืช ื' ืึธืึฐืชึธื ืึนืืช, ืึธืชึตืช ื ึดืืจ ืึฐืขึทืึผืึน ืขึทื ืึทืึฐืึทืชึพืงึธืึฐืฉืืึน ืึดืึฐืืึนืช ืึฐืคึถืชึทืึพืชึผึดืงึฐืึธื ืึผืฆึฐืึดืืึทืชึพืงึถืจึถืึพืึฐืฉืืึผืขึธื, ืฉืึถืึผึฐืืึนืึธื ืึดืื ืืึนืึธืชึตื ืึผ ืึฐืึทืฉืึผึตืจ ืึถืช ืึฐืกึดืึผึธืชึธืึผ, ืึดืึฐืึดื ืชึดึผืคึฐืึทืข ืึดืึฐืฉืืึนืึดืื ืึดืฆึผึทื ืึทืึดึผืฆึฐืึนืชึพืึทืชึฐึผืืึผืืึนืชึพืึธึผืึธืจึถืฅ ืึผึฐืึธื ืึธืึถืคึฐืฉืึธืจึดื. ืึฐืึตืื ืึทืงื\"ื ืึธึผื ืึดึผืึฐืจืึผื ึฐืึธื ืขึดื ืึฐึผืจึดืึผืึนืชึธืื, ืึฐืึธื ืึทื ึผึถืึฑืึทืจ ืึฐืึทืงึตึผื ืึผึดืึฐืงืึนื ืึดืฆึฐืึธื ืึฐึผืจึทืึผึดืื ืึผืึดืึฐืงืึนื ืึถืคึฐืกึตื ืึฐืจึปืึผึถื ืึผืฉืึฐืขึทืชึพืึทืึฐึผืึทืง, โ ืึธึผื ืึตืึผึถื ืึปืึฐึผืจืึผ ืึทืึทื ืึดึผืฉืึฐืึตืึธื ืืึน ืึฐึผืึดืึธึผื ืึฐืจึปืึธึผื ืึธึผืึพืึธึผืึฐ, ืขึทื ืฉืึถืึตืื ืึธืึผ ืึปึผืึฐืึธื ืึฐึผืึธื ืึทืฉืึผึฐืึตืืึนืช ืึฒืฉืึถืจ ื ึดืชึฐืขืึนืจึฐืจืึผ ืึฐึผืึดืฉืึฐืจึธืึตื ืึฐึผืึตืงึถืจ ืึดึผืื ืึผืึดืฉืึฐืคึผึธื, ืึผึฐืึธื ืึถืฉืึถืึฐ ืึทืึธึผืืึผืช ืึธืึฒืจึปืึธึผื. ืึฒืึธื ืึทืึฐืจืึนืช ืึทืคึฐืงึธืขึทืชึพืึทืึผึดืฆึฐืึธื ืึฒืฉืึถืจ ืึผึฐืืึนืจึธืึทืชึพืฉืึธืขึธื ืืึน ืึถืฉืึฐื ึธื ืึทึผืึผึธื ืึผืึผืคึตืึพืึฒืึธืืึนืช, ืึทื ึผึดืึฐืจึธืฉืึดืื ืึดืฉืึฐืืึนืจ ืึฐืึทืขึฒืฉืืึนืช ืึผึธืคืขึนึทื. ืึผึทื ื ึดืึฐืฆึธืึดืื ืึฐืจึตืึตื ื' ืึทืึฒืจึตืึดืื ืึถื ืึฐึผืึธืจืึน ืึฐืืึน, ืึฒืฉืึถืจ ืึดืคึผึฐื ึตื ืงึฐืึปืฉืึผึทืช ืึดืึผึทืชึพืึทืึผึดืฆึฐืึนืชึพืึทืชึผึฐืืึผืืึนืชึพืึผึธืึธืจึถืฅ ืึผืึดืฆึฐืึทืช ืึทืฉืึผึฐืึดืืขึดืืช, ืฉืึถืขึตืื ึตื ืึธึผื ืึดืฉืึฐืจึธืึตื ื ึฐืฉืืึผืืึนืช ืึฐืงึดืึผืึผืึธืึผ ืึฐึผืึถืจึถืฅึพืึถืึฐืึธึผื, ืึตืื ึธื ืึธืกึดืื ืขึทื ืึถืคึฐืกึตื ืึธืืจึนึทื ืึฐืึตื ื ึฐืืึนื ึดืื ืึฐืงึทืึผึฐืึธืึผ ืึผึฐืึธื ืึผืึนึท, โ ืึธึผืึดืื ืึฐืึทืึดึผืฉืึฐืคึธื. ืึผึฐืจืึผืึดืื ืึดืึฐืืึผ ืึทื' ืึผืึฐืขึทืึผืึน.",
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"ืึผืึฐืึทืึพืึถื ืึทืชึผึทืึฐืืึผื ืึผึฐืขึทืฆึฐืืึน ืึธืึดืื ืึดืืึตื ืึทืขึฒืฉืึถื, ืฉืึดื ึผืึผื ืึทืึฒืึธืืึนืช ืึทืึฒืงืึนืง ืึดึผืึฐืึธืืึนืช ืึถืช ืึดืึผืึผืึธื ืึธึผืึตื ืึผืึดืฉืึผึฐืึดืึผึธื ืึดืฉืึฐืึดืึผึธื ืึดืชึฐืึทืกึผึฐืคืึผ ืจึทืึดึผืื, ืึฒืฉืึถืจ ืึฐึผืขึนื ื' ืึดึผืึฐืึธืึธื ืึทืจึฐืึดืืืึผ ืึถืช ืึฐึผืืึผื ืึทืึผึดืฆึฐืึธื ืึฐึผืึธื ืึทืจึฐืึธืึธืชึธื ืึผืคึฐืจึธืึถืืึธ, ืึผืึฐืฉืึดืึฐืึทืช ืึดืฉืึฐืจึธืึตื ืึผึฐืขืึนืฉืึธืื ืึผึฐืึทืจึพืึทืงึผึนืึถืฉื ืึธืขึนื ืึฐืึทืชึผึทืขึฒืฆืึผืืึนืช ืึฒืฉืึถืจ ืึฐืขึทืึพื' ืึผึถืขึธืชึดืื ืืึนืกึดืืคืึผ ืึถืช ืึทืึผึฐืึนืึถืช ืึฐืงึดืึผืึผืึธืึผ ืึทืึผึธืืึผืจ ืึฐืึทืึผึฐืฉืึปืึฐืึธื. ",
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"ืึตืจืึผืึท ื' ืึทืืึนืคึตืฃ ืขึทื ืขึทืึผืึน ืึฐืึทืจึฐืฆืึน ืชึผึธืึตื ืงึฐืึปืฉืึผึทืช ืึทืฉืึฐืึดืึผึธื ืึฐืชึดืคึฐืึถืจึถืช ืึดืื ืึผึฐืืึนืึธืึผ ืึฐืึดืชึฐืคึทืฉืึผึตื ืขึทื ืึผึธื ืจืึผืึท ืึธื ึถืคึถืฉื, ืึฐืึธื ืขึทื ื' ืึผืึฐืึดืืึผื ืึทืึผืึนืฉืึฐืึดืื ืึผึฐืฆึตื ืงึนืึถืฉื ืฉืึถื ืึถืจึถืฅ ืึถืึฐืึธึผื, ืึผืึดื ึฐืขึดืืึทืชึพืึฐืึดืืืึผืช ืขึนื ืึทืึฒืึธืชึธืึผ. ืึฐืจืึผืึท ืงึฐืึปืฉืึผึทืช ืึทืึผืึนืึตื ืึทืึผึดืกึฐืชึผึทืชึผึตืจ ืืึนืคึดืืขึท ืึตืืึนืฆึธืจ ืงืึนึถืฉืืึน ืขึทื ืงึฐืึปืฉืึผึทืช ืึทืฉืึผึฐืึดืึผึธื, ืึฐืขืึนืจึตืจ ืงึถืจึถื ืึฐืฉืืึผืขึธื ืึฐืงืึนื ืฉืืึนืคึธืจ ืึฐืฉืึทืึตึผื ืึถืฉืึทืข, ืึฐืขืึนืจึตืจ ืึฐืฉืึตื ึดืื ืึผืึฐืขืึนืึตื ืึผึฐืืึผืึดืื. โ",
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"ืึธืึนืืช ื๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝืฆึธืืชึดื ืึดื ืืึนืึธื ืึฐืืึนืฆึดืื ืึถืช ืึทืึนืึถืจึถืช ืึทืึนึผืืช, ืึฒืฉืึถืจ ืกึดืึทึผืจึฐืชึผึดืืึธ ืึฐืึดืึฐืืึนืช ืฉืึฐืึดืืขึดืืช ืึผืข\"ื. ",
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62 |
+
"ืึฒืงึทืึถึผื ืึดืฉืึฐืืึน ืืช' ืึดึผื ืึทืึฐืึดึผืื ืชึผืึนืจึธื ืึฐืึทืึฒืึดืืจ ืึดืืึทืึถึผื ืืึนืชึดื ืึฐืึถืช ืึธึผื ืึดืึผืึผืึตืึพื', ืึผืึฐืืึนืชึตืจ ืึถืช ืึทืึทื ืึฒืฉืึถืจ ืึถืงึฐืจึธื ืึธืึตื ื ึนืขึทื ืึตืึผืึผ ืชึผึทืึฐืึดืืึตืึพืึฒืึธืึดืื ืฉืึถืึผึฐืึถืจึถืฅ ืึดืฉืึฐืจึธืึตื ืึฐืึทืจึฐืึดืื ืึฐึผืึธืจึดืื ืขึทื ืึทืึผึดืฆึฐืึนืชึพืึทืชึผึฐืืึผืืึนืชึพืึผึธืึธืจึถืฅ ืึผึดืึฐืึธื ืึฐืขึทื ืึดืฆึฐืึทืช ืฉืึฐืึดืืขึดืืช ืึผึดืคึฐืจึธื. ืึฐืึทืึทื ืขืึด ืืขึธืกึตึถืง ืืึทึผืึฒืึธืืชึน ืืึทึทึผืขืฉึฒึดื ืืึผืชึน ืืชึดึฐืืึผื ึนืึต ืืึทืึผึต ืืึฐึผืืึผึพืืขึทืึทึพืืึทึธืขืชึท ืึฐืึทืฉืึฐืึดึผืื ืึผึฐื ึนืขึทื ื' ืึผึฐืืึนืจ ืึทืขึทืช ืึฑืืึนึดืื, ืึผึฐืจืึผืึท ืึธืึตื ืขึตืฆึธื ืึผืึฐืืึผืจึธื, ืึฐืึทืืึนื ึตื ืึธืึธืึธื ืึทืขึทืช ืึทื ึผืึนืชึตื ืืึนืจ ืึธืึฐืึธื ืขึทื ืึทืึฐืึทืช ืงึนืึฐืฉืืึน, ืึฒืฉืึถืจ ืึดืึธึผื ืึผ ืึฐืึดืกึฐืชืึนืคึตืฃ ืึผึฐืึถืึถื ื ึทืึฒืึธืชืึน, ืึฐืึทืึผึฐืึตื ืึผ ืจืึผืึท ืึตืขึธื ืึดืืึทืึผึฐืงึตื ืึผ ืึผึฐืฉืึตืึถื ืืึนื, ืึฐืึทืฆึผึดืืึตื ืึผ ืึดืึธึผื ืฉืึฐืึดืืึธื, ืึฐืึทืขึทื ืขึทืึผืึน ืึฐื ึทืึฒืึธืชืึน.",
|
63 |
+
"ืึผืึฐืึตืจึธื ืึตืึธืึฐื ืึผ ืึฐึผืึธืจึธืื ืึดื ึฐืึดืืืึน:",
|
64 |
+
"\"ืึฐืึธืงึทืึฐืชึผึดื ืึถืชึฐืึถื ืึดืึพืึทืึผืึนืึผื ืึฐืงึดืึผึทืฆึฐืชึผึดื ืึถืชึฐืึถื ืึดืึธึผืึพืึธืึฒืจึธืฆืึนืช ืึฐืึตืึตืืชึดื ืึถืชึฐืึถื ืึถืึพืึทืึฐืึทืชึฐืึถื. ืึฐืึธืจึทืงึฐืชึผึดื ืขึฒืึตืืึถื ืึทืึดื ืึฐืืึนืจึดืื ืึผืึฐืึทืจึฐืชึผึถื ืึดืึนึผื ืึปืึฐืืึนืชึตืืึถื ืึผืึดืึผึธืึพืึดึผืึผืึผืึตืืึถื ืึฒืึทืึตืจ ืึถืชึฐืึถื. ืึฐื ึธืชึทืชึผึดื ืึธืึถื ืึตื ืึธืึธืฉื ืึฐืจืึผืึท ืึฒืึธืฉืื ืึถืชึตึผื ืึผืงึดืจึฐืึผึฐืึถื ืึทืึฒืกึดืจืชึนึดื ืึถืชึพืึตื ืึทืึถืึถื ืึดืึผึฐืฉืืจึฐืึถื ืึฐื ึธืชึทืชึดึผื ืึธืึถื ืึตื ืึผืฉืืจ. ืึฐืึถืชึพืจืึผืึดื ืึถืชึผึตื ืึผืงึดืจึฐืึฐึผืึถื ืึฐืขึธืฉืืืชึดื ืึถืช ืึฒืฉืืจึพืึฐึผืึปืงึทึผื ืชึผืึตืืึผ ืึผืึดืฉืืคึผึธืึทื ืชึผืฉืืึฐืจืึผ ืึทืขึฒืฉืืืชึถื. ืึดืืฉืืึฐืชึผึถื ืึผืึธึถืจืฅ ืึฒืฉืืจ ื ึธืชึทืชึผึดื ืึทืึฒืึนืชึตืืึถื ืึดืึฐืึดืืชึถื ืึดื ืึฐืขึธื ืึฐืึธื ึนืึดื ืึถืึธืึธื ืึธืึถื ืึตืืืึนึดืื. ืึฐืืึนืฉืืขึฐืชึผึดื ืึถืชึฐืึถื ืึดืึนึผื ืึปืึฐืืึนืชึตืืึถื ืึฐืงึธืจึธืืชึดื ืึถืึพืึทืึธึผืึธื ืึฐืึดืจึฐืึผึตืืชึดื ืึนืชืึน ืึฐืืึนึพืึถืชึผึตื ืขึฒืึตืืึถื ืจึธืขึธื. ืึฐืึดืจึฐืึผึตืืชึดื ืึถืช ืคึผืจึดื ืึทืขึตืฅ ืึผืชึฐื ืึผืึทืช ืึทืฉืืึถื ืึฐืึทืขึทื ืึฒืฉืืจ ืืึน ืชึผืงึฐืืึผ ืขืึนื ืึถืจึฐืคึผึทืช ืจึธืขึธื ืึผืึผืึนืึผื.\"",
|
65 |
+
"\"ืึผื ืึธืึทืจ ื' ืึฑืึนืึดืื ืึผืืึนื ืึทืึฒืจึดื ืึถืชึฐืึถื ืึดืึผึนื ืขึฒ ืื ืึนืชึตืืึถื ืึฐืืึนืฉืืึฐืชึผึดื ืึถืช ืึทืขึธึดืจืื ืึฐื ึดืึฐื ืึผ ืึทืึณึธืจืืึนืช. ืึฐืึธืึธึถืจืฅ ืึทื ึฐึผืฉืืึผึธื ืชึผืขึธืึตื ืชึผืึทืช ืึฒืฉืืจ ืึทืึฐืชึธื ืฉืืึธืึธื ืึฐืขึตืื ึตื ืึธึผื ืขืึนืึตืจ. ืึฐืึธืึฐืจืึผ ืึทืึธืจึถืฅ ืึทืึตึผืืึผ ืึทื ึผึฐืฉืืึธึผื ืึทืึฐืชึธื ืึผืึทื ืขึตืึถื ืึฐืึถืขึธืจึดืื ืึทืึณืจึตืืึนืช ืึฐืึทื ึฐืฉืืึผืึนืช ืึฐืึทื ึผึถืึฑืจึธืกืึนืช ืึผืฆืึผืจืึนืช ืึธืฉืืืึผ. ืึฐืึธืึฐืขืึผ ืึทืึผืึนืึผื ืึฒืฉืืจ ืึดืฉืืึฒืจืึผ ืกึฐืึดืืืึนืชึตืืึถื ืึผื ืึฒื ึดื ื' ืึผื ึดืืชึดื ืึทื ึถึผืึฑืจึธืกืึนืช ื ึธืึทืขึฐืชึผึดื ืึทื ึผึฐืฉืืึผึธื ืึฒื ึดื ื' ืึดึผืึผึทืจึฐืชึผึดื ืึฐืขึธืฉืืืชึดื.\"",
|
66 |
+
"ืขืื\"ืง ืืคื ืชึผ\"ื , ืึทืชืจ\"ืข"
|
67 |
+
],
|
68 |
+
"Clarification": [],
|
69 |
+
"Preface": [],
|
70 |
+
"Laws of Shemitah": [],
|
71 |
+
"Kuntres Acharon": []
|
72 |
+
},
|
73 |
+
"schema": {
|
74 |
+
"heTitle": "ืฉืืช ืืืจืฅ",
|
75 |
+
"enTitle": "Shabbat HaAretz",
|
76 |
+
"key": "Shabbat HaAretz",
|
77 |
+
"nodes": [
|
78 |
+
{
|
79 |
+
"heTitle": "ืืงืืื",
|
80 |
+
"enTitle": "Introduction"
|
81 |
+
},
|
82 |
+
{
|
83 |
+
"heTitle": "ืืืืช ืืืืืขื",
|
84 |
+
"enTitle": "Clarification"
|
85 |
+
},
|
86 |
+
{
|
87 |
+
"heTitle": "ืคืชื ืืืจ",
|
88 |
+
"enTitle": "Preface"
|
89 |
+
},
|
90 |
+
{
|
91 |
+
"heTitle": "ืืืืืช ืฉืืืื",
|
92 |
+
"enTitle": "Laws of Shemitah"
|
93 |
+
},
|
94 |
+
{
|
95 |
+
"heTitle": "ืงืื ืืจืก ืืืจืื",
|
96 |
+
"enTitle": "Kuntres Acharon"
|
97 |
+
}
|
98 |
+
]
|
99 |
+
}
|
100 |
+
}
|
json/Halakhah/Acharonim/Shabbat HaAretz/Hebrew/merged.json
ADDED
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json/Halakhah/Acharonim/Shev Shmat'ta/English/merged.json
ADDED
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json/Halakhah/Acharonim/Ta'amei HaMinhagim/Hebrew/Lemberg, 1928.json
ADDED
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json/Halakhah/Acharonim/Ta'amei HaMinhagim/Hebrew/merged.json
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json/Halakhah/Acharonim/Treasures Hidden in the Sand/English/Treasures Hidden in the Sand, Trans. Menachem Kalish and David Herzberg.json
ADDED
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1 |
+
{
|
2 |
+
"language": "en",
|
3 |
+
"title": "Treasures Hidden in the Sand",
|
4 |
+
"versionSource": "http://www.begedivri.com/techelet/Sefunei.htm",
|
5 |
+
"versionTitle": "Treasures Hidden in the Sand, Trans. Menachem Kalish and David Herzberg",
|
6 |
+
"status": "locked",
|
7 |
+
"license": "CC-BY",
|
8 |
+
"versionTitleInHebrew": "ืฉืคืื ื ืืืื ื ืืื, ืืชืืจืื ืืืื ืื ืื ืงืืืฉ ืืืื ืืจืฆืืจื",
|
9 |
+
"actualLanguage": "en",
|
10 |
+
"languageFamilyName": "english",
|
11 |
+
"isBaseText": false,
|
12 |
+
"isSource": false,
|
13 |
+
"direction": "ltr",
|
14 |
+
"heTitle": "ืืืืจ ืฉืคืื ื ืืืื ื ืืื",
|
15 |
+
"categories": [
|
16 |
+
"Halakhah",
|
17 |
+
"Acharonim"
|
18 |
+
],
|
19 |
+
"text": {
|
20 |
+
"Title Page": [
|
21 |
+
"DISCOURSE ON:",
|
22 |
+
"TREASURES HIDDEN IN THE SAND",
|
23 |
+
"This is a clarification of the Law concerning the existence of the \"Hillazon\" even in our time. If we are able to obtain and to dye with it the \"Techelet\" in order to fulfill the \"Mitzvah\" of \"Tzitzith\" completely; so that we may learn to be in awe of G-d through the medium of sight, which arouses memory; the main function is in the seeing of the \"Techelet\", as is written in tractate Menachot 43b. Herein will be explained the place where it [the \"Techelet\"] is found, and its distinguishing features as derived from the words of our sages of blessed memory, the authors of the Mishnah and Talmud, and the early codifiers of the Law of blessed memory. ",
|
24 |
+
"As I raised it and prepared it in my poverty, the youth, humble among the thousands of Israel, Gershon Henoch, the son of my father and teacher, the Holy and brilliant Rabbi, our Master and teacher, Rav Yakov of blessed memory, of Izbica."
|
25 |
+
],
|
26 |
+
"Introduction": [
|
27 |
+
"DISCOURSE ON: TREASURES HIDDEN IN THE SAND",
|
28 |
+
"IN THE NAME OF THE ETERNAL, GRACEFUL G-D OF THE UNIVERSE, WHO AMONG ALL THE NATIONS MADE HIS CHOICE IN US, AND GAVE US HIS TORAH, AND SANCTIFIED US WITH HIS COMMANDMENTS, FROM HIM SHALL I ASK FOR THE CORRECT ANSWER, AND HE WILL PREPARE MY HEART AND OPEN MY LIPS, AND MY MOUTH WILL RELATE HIS PRAISE, AND MAY HE NOT REMOVE FROM ME HIS GRACE AND MY PRAYER. ",
|
29 |
+
"From the depths of my heart, in the narrow places, I call out to G-d, who forms all forms. He will hear my prayer when I call Him in affliction, and He will make wide way for me and grant me for nought from His goodly treasure, and widen my heart to run in the way of His commandments, and to inform justice among the great multitude, and will guide me in the Eternal Path, so that I go on the wide way, and investigate His bidding so that I derive pure joy from His commandments in love and awe. May He strengthen me and preserve me to speak of His witness to the Kings, the Rabbis.",
|
30 |
+
"And indeed, who am I that I open mouth to relate His righteousness and teach His commandments among the great multitude, and instruct before the witnessing Holy Community? Do I not know the meagerness of my worth? For I possess not the understanding of a man; and do not know the knowledge of the Holy Ones. And I am a lowly person, of weak knowledge. Surrounded by hardships without number, driven unceasingly, walking in the depths of the abyss without dominion of power, Salvation is far from me, and how can I strive to express an opinion before those greater and better than me?",
|
31 |
+
"Truly the graces of G-d will support me and stand me up upon my high places. Indeed they are my consolation. For I placed to my heart the adage of King Solomon, praise be upon him, \"My son, let them not depart from thy eyes; keep sound wisdom and discretion; so shall they be life to thy soul, and grace to thy neck. Then shalt thou walk in thy way safely, and thy foot shalt not stumble, etc. For the Lord shall be thy confidence and shall keep thy foot from being caught.\" For the lain foundation in the words of Torah should not be turned aside from the eyes of man, even the lowest of the low. For even the lowest of the low has a place in the words of the Torah, and can merit within it even more than what is in accordance with the boundaries and formations of the elements of his soul. And it is an inheritance to all the congregation of Yakov. And I too, the poor and lowly as dust and ashes, am included among them. As is written in the Midrash Vayikrah Rabbah (chapter 9), \"'Moses commanded to us the Torah, the inheritance of the congregation of Yakov', (Deuteronomy 33). The inheritance of the congregation of Yanai is not written here, rather the congregation of Yakov\". See there for yourself. May it be the pleasure of the Great Mother, that my words be accepted and that I dwell in His everlasting universal tent and that the merit of my Holy fathers who conducted themselves before Him shall stand and merit for me to be among those, who make the masses meritorious in the words of His commandments."
|
32 |
+
],
|
33 |
+
"": [
|
34 |
+
"DISCOURSE ON: TREASURES HIDDEN IN THE SAND May help cometh from the Lord, Maker of Heaven and Earth.",
|
35 |
+
"It is already many years since I placed my heart to the investigation of the commandment of \"Techelet\", which in our many iniquities was withheld from us. And this is one of the goodly matters withheld from us in our exile, in our man wanderings, and was forsaken from our good soul, and we are not able to arise up and see, and bow down to G-d in the temple, in the House of our chosenness. For this indeed is the main suffering of the exile, as we mention in our prayers. And as Isaiah the prophet said (chapter 63), \"Lord, why hast Thou made us to stray from Thy ways, and hardened our heart from Thy fear\". And this also refers to the \"Techelet\", as is written in tractate Menachot 43b, \"Rabbi Eliezer ben Yakov said, whosoever has \"Tephillin\" on his head, the \"Tephillin\" on his arm, the \"Tzitzith\" on his garment, and the \"Mezuzah\" on his doorpost, is in absolute security against sinning, etc.\" And it is also said there (Menachot 44a), \"His four 'Tzitzith' came and grabbed him by the face,\" see there. This means that what we learnt in the Braitha (ibid 43b), \"'That you may look upon it and remember (all the commandments of the Lord) and do them'; seeing brings to remembering, and remembering brings to doing,\" etc, see there. And the essence of the remembering of \"Tzitzith\" is brought by the \"Techelet\", which is likened to the Throne of Glory, as we have said (ibid 43b), \"How is Techelet different from all other dyes? It is because Techelet is like unto the sea, and the sea is like unto the sky, and the sky to the Throne of Glory.\" And Rashi, of blessed memory, explained, \"And through the Techelet one is reminded of the One who sits upon the throne,\" see there. And see also the Midrash in Bamidbar Rabbah (Nasso 14 regarding the Prince of he children of Ephraim) and Talmud Yerushalmi Brachot (Chapter 1 law 2) and as it is written in the Holy Zohar (volume 3, page 175b), \"(And this Techelet is) one string that is imprinted with a dye, and the dye comes from a fish which can be found in the Sea of Galilee (Kinneret) and is called \"Kinneret\". There was a Kinnor (lyre) which hung over the bed of King David. For sure, this Kinneret (the fish from which the Techelet is extracted) is actually the Kinnor (lyre) of King David which played of its own accord in praise of the Most High King. Therefore, the color of Techelet reaches unto the firmament, and from the firmament unto the Heavenly Throne. And in this conjunction (i.e. the Techelet) the word \"Commandment\" is used. This is as it is written (Kings 2, chapter 18), 'It is the command of the King, why do your transgress the command of the King? For it is the command of the King (ie. the Schinah)'. And we have learnt, that the foundation and the root are encrowned together in the Kingdom. This is the memory, the crown, and the entrance way to all the other crowns, as it is written (Psalm 118), 'Open up for me, the Gates of Righteousness,' and it is written (ibid), 'This is the Gate for G-d,' and regarding this it is written (Numbers 15), ' And you will see Him, (Hebrew \"OHTOH\" can be translated it or him), and remember all of the commandments of he Lord.' And to include in this One all the other crowns, \"etc, see there. It is also known that the first gate to all the gates is fear and awe. And through it do the righteous come to all the gates, as it is written (Psalm 111), \"The beginning of wisdom is fear of G-d.\"",
|
36 |
+
"This being so, even though one ought not to express wonderment at the beginning of something that was interrupted and was ceased from among us, i.e. the commandment of \"Techelet\", for we know that due to our many iniquities many tribulations passed upon us, and decrees, and we wandered from exile to exile, and because of the great rarity and expense of finding the \"Techelet\", due to our poverty and low position, it was not possible to obtain it.",
|
37 |
+
"Indeed, it is certainly proper that in each generation, any one whose heart was touched by the fear of G-d, ought to contemplate and set his heart to searching to the greatest extent of his ability, and perhaps G-d will make him meritorious so that he be among those who make the masses meritorious, in returning the Service of the Diadem of Beauty, the \"Techelet\", to the people Israel. And since it is known that if our ancestors were like unto angels, we are like unto people; And if the ancestors were like unto people, then we are like unto donkeys, etc. And for this reason it would apparently be wondrous how our sages of blessed memory who came before us in any of the previous times from the interruption of the commandment of \"Techelet\" among Israel until now did not arouse themselves to return the Crown to its former Glory. And this in itself causes the slumber of laziness to descend, that prevents us from the work. And it also arouses claims to say that it is beyond the realm of possibility to return and fulfill this commandment as it was originally fulfilled. For this I saw fit to illustrate the objections that may be raised in this matter, and proclaim publicly:"
|
38 |
+
],
|
39 |
+
"The Objections": [
|
40 |
+
[
|
41 |
+
"The first claim is, being that it is known that due to our many iniquities, with the destruction of the First Temple, and with the destruction of the Second Temple, may they be rebuilt quickly in our days, Amen, many things were hidden and ceased from among us. We may say so too did His Blessed Wisdom decree also regarding the \"Hillazon\" and its blood from which we dye the \"Techelet\", that they be hidden till the end of time.",
|
42 |
+
"Indeed the removal of this claim is quite clear, being that we found no place in the Talmud that tells us that at any particular time that \"Techelet\" was hidden. For we do find at the end of tractate Sotah that they consider and mention those objects that were lessened and eventually ceased to be found after the destruction. And even those things that were to be found but whose abundance was greatly lessened were also mentioned, as it is written (Sotah 48b) \"From the day that the First Temple was destroyed song and fine silk were abolished \" and see Tosafot (Shabbat 20b Anan) but in any case they are (ie. song and fine silk) to be found, they are somewhat commonplace, see there. Also white glass is mentioned there, and see Tosafot (Baba Metzia 29b B'Zchuchit) but nonetheless they are still somewhat commonplace, see there. As so too, the flowing honeydew as is mentioned in tractate Sotah (ibid) that it ceased. And yet in the Jerusalem Talmud (Peah, chapter 7 law 3) it seems that it was also found after the destruction. And if indeed the \"Techelet\" was hidden and ceased to be, the Talmud would certainly have mentioned it in this connection. And in any case, would not have failed to let us know about this anywhere in the Talmud. And from this it seems clear that it was not hidden, nor did it cease to exist and to this we need not even give a thought; for at no time was its existence changed, and it was always difficult to obtain, as tractate Menachot points out (43a) \"And it was sold dearly,\" see there. Also an expert and artisan, one proficient in the making of the dye, was also needed, as is implied there (Menachot ibid). And now too after the destruction of the Temple, its acquisition is no more expensive than during the time of the Temple. And its location is ascertainable with Blessed Divine Help, through an expertly skilled artisan. ",
|
43 |
+
"And as for what is mentioned in the Sifre (Deuteronomy chapter 354) concerning the verse \"'For they shall suck of the abundance of the seas' (Deuteronomy 33:19) Said Reb Yose: One day as I was traveling from Keziv to Tzur I encountered an old man, and greeted him with 'Peace'. I asked him 'what is your means of livelihood?' He told me 'the Hillazon'. I asked him, 'can it be found?' He told me ' By the Heavens, there is a place by the sea, situated among the mountains, and poisonous insects bite it (ie. the Hillazon) and it dies and it rots in its place.' I said to him 'The Heavens are a remembrance hidden for the Righteous for the world to come.' 'The treasure'; this is the Hillazon,\" etc, see there. From this it may be implied that the Hillazon from which the Techelet dye was made, was hidden. However, indeed that would be questionable, for during the time of the 'Tanaim' (1st-3rd century CE) one must have been able to acquire the Techelet since we find Techelet in use even in the days of the 'Amoriam' (3rd-6th century CE), as is mentioned in tractate Menachot (42b) \"Abaye said to Rav Shmuel bar Reb Yehudah, this Techelet, how do you dye it?\", see there.",
|
44 |
+
"I found in the work of the brilliant Sephardic Rabbi David Pardo of Blessed memory, in his precious book Sifre Deve Rev, who brings up the point in connection with the above mentioned Sifre and asks regarding the query of Rabbi Yose 'is it to be found, 'was it not found during the days of the Amoriam? And he answers that 'since the old man told him that his livelihood comes from the Hillazon, and did not say (that it comes from) the Techelet, it was implied that his work is not the dying of the Techelet or the selling of the Techelet, that he was always hunting the Hillazon itself, and it was from this that he made his livelihood. And this was Reb Yose's question; \"How was he able to make a livelihood from the Hillazon,\" because this implied that he was able to track it down at any time; Is it so common? And the old man answered him \"indeed it is not to be found except in a certain place, in the seas.\" And he explained there 'that only the choicest is hidden for the Righteous,\" see there. It seems that the meaning of this scholar's words, of blessed memory, that it is only because he (the old man) said that his livelihood was from the Hillazon, that Reb Yose asked, 'is it (so easily) found.' This is in accordance with what is written (Menachot44a) that it (the Hillazon) surfaces only once in seventy years, see there. And since it only surfaces once in seventy years how can it be so common as to be captured at any time? However, the dye of the Techelet (on the other hand) was readily obtainable for although the Hillazon only surfaced once in seventy years, nevertheless, at the time that it surfaced, they prepared enough Techelet dye for seventy years. This seems to be the meaning of his words of blessed memory. And perhaps he himself said this explicitly, however his book is not in front of me now, so that I can look at it, I am merely quoting from memory.",
|
45 |
+
"According to this it would apparently seem that it would be impossible in our day to search for the Hillazon from whose blood the Techelet dye comes, for we do not know the reckoning of the years that the Hillazon surfaces, in order to capture it.",
|
46 |
+
"However, it seems clearly the case that what was understood based on the Talmudic source just quoted 'that it rises only once in seventy years,' implies that it is not found at all, only during the time that it surfaces, and afterwards it is not to be found at all. Yet, this is indeed doubtful, because we find in tractate Shabbat (26a) \"'But Nevuzaradan, the captain of the guard, left of the poorest of the lad to be vinedressers (kormim) and husbandmen (yogbim)' (Jeremiah 52:16). Said Rav Yoseph; the vinedressers refer to those who harvest the Balsam from Ein Gedi until Ramah, and husbandmen refers to the netters of the Hillazon from the promontory of Tzur until Haifa.\" And Rashi, of blessed memory, explained that the word 'yogvim' (husbandmen) is etymologically related to the word 'yekavim', ie. large vats, wherein they spread out the Hillazon in order to extract its blood, as is mentioned in chapter 'Klal Gadol' (Shabbat 75a) \"That Nevuzaradan left them be (ie. the vinedressers and husbandmen) for the sake of the garments of the King,\" see there. And if we go according to his understanding, of blessed memory, (of Rabbi David Pardo) that the Hillazon itself is only to be found at the time that it rises from the sea once in seventy years, and afterwards is not found at all, we would not be able to understand Nevuzaradan's having left them there for something that occurred only once in seventy years. Also, the expression 'the netters of the Hillazon' implies that that was always their occupation. Thus it seems clear that the Hillazon itself was also always available and was always able to be netted. And regarding what it says 'that it surfaces once in seventy years' the meaning of this is that once in seventy years it surfaces and multiplies, but afterwards, although it is also found, it is not found in such great abundance. And if so, Rav Yose's question 'is it to be found' needs explanation. For although it is not found in such great abundance so that everyone can acquire it easily, still, it should be acquirable by skilled netters who are expert in the art of netting to capture it.",
|
47 |
+
"And it would also appear that from the answer given by the old man we can learn of the nature of the question of Rav Yose. What was the meaning of the fact that the old man elaborated in his answer 'By the Heavens, in a place by the sea, situated in the mountains, poisonous insects bite it and it dies, and is decicated in its place.' If we say that the simple meaning of Rav Yose's question 'is it to be found' is that he was questioning due to the fact that it was hidden away and is completely unavailable, would it have been sufficient for this for this old man to answer him briefly that he found a place in the sea where he can net it? Therefore it appears that indeed Rav Yose's intention in asking 'is it available' is not that it is not at all available, for in truth it is available and fishermen sometimes would come across the Hillazon by chance as is implied from that tractate in Shabbat (ibid) that Nevuzaradan left the netters of the Hillazon from the promontory of Tzur until Haifa. But since the old man answered him regarding his livelihood that it comes from the Hillazon and he did not answer that he is a fisherman and his livelihood comes from what he catches, whether it be the Hillazon or any other type of fish, it is implied that the Hillazon by itself was his means of livelihood. And this was Rav Yose's question; 'is it so available without trouble' that it would be enough for him to always make his livelihood only from the Hillazon? For although it is found in the sea and in the swamps by the sea, as will be explained, that the essential harvest of the Hillazon is a t sea but only through great trouble in netting do fishermen occasionally come across it. And also once in every seventy years does it rise up from the sea floor and multiplies on the mountains that are in the sea and near the sea as will be explained with G-d's help from Rashi's explanation of blessed memory. And also that it needs tracking down and takes much trouble to find as will be explained from Sefer Hakaneh Hakadosh that the nature of the Hillazon is to burrow itself and hide itself in the earth. And as the Sifre states regarding the treasures hidden in the sand that this refers to the Hillazon, if so how could he (the old man) have said that his livelihood comes only from the Hillazon? 'That by the Heavens there is a place by the sea near the mountains' and there is no need to bother oneself and to look for it in the sea and spread a net upon it and (furthermore) 'poisonous insects bite it and it dies, and is decicated in its place' and (therefore) it cannot burrow and hide itself in the ground. And therefore he can always find it easily without any bother at all and he derives his livelihood from it. And regarding this did Rav Yose say 'By the Heavens it is a remembrance hidden for the Righteous in the world to come, 'in other words that this place is unique in that the Hillazon always surface there in abundance and it is easy to capture it without any trouble. Certainly such a place is hidden for the Righteous for the world to come. And only to this old man was a taste given as a result of his (meritorious) deeds in this world and the place was revealed to him. And as it is plain that normally it does not surface to the land and multiply but once in seventy years and then to it is not so easy to obtain because it burrows and hides itself in the earth, and the purpose of the Sifre bringing this incident in connection with its explanation of the treasures hidden in the sand that this refers to the Hillazon, etc. see there. And this is clear and correct due to the help of the Blessed Name.",
|
48 |
+
"So too, regarding the Aggadic portion of tractate Babaa Bathra (74b) \"A Heavenly voice proceeded and told them 'What claim do you have in the crates in the house of Rabbi Hanina ben Dosa out of which the Techelet dye will be caste for the Righteous in the World to Come '\", see there. We can not derive from this that the Techelet is now hidden and abrogated, for aside from the esoteric and inner meaning of this as was explained by the commentaries of Mehorasha of blessed memory, we may also explain this simply by saying that being that at the present time (ie. during the time of Rabbi Hanina ben Dosa) this (Techelet) is highly esteemed and is used in the dyeing of royal garments, as Rashi of blessed memory explained and as we quoted earlier in his name, and is therefore sold at high price, because it can only be found after careful and painstaking search, therefore it was said that in the World to Come this Techelet will be available to the Righteous without effort being expended in obtaining it. This is the same as the (Talmudic) statement saying that in the Future the Land of Israel will yield (ready-made) delicate white bread and cloaks of fine wool. Although in the present time these delicate white breads and fine woolen cloaks are also available, albeit for a price corresponding to the labor required to produce them, in the Future Time, these things will be readily available to the Israelites without any labor. So too, although the Techelet is today obtainable only through painstaking laborious search after the Hillazon, it is still nonetheless obtainable, as it was also during the days of the Amoraim as indicated above.",
|
49 |
+
"Indeed in Midrash Rabbah Bamidbar (Parshat Shelach, chapter 17) and Tanhuma (ibid) we read: \"And now we have only the white (strings of the Tzitzith), for the Techelet was hidden.\" Aside from the fact that this passage requires elucidation, based on our earlier statement, for how is it that we find no reference or indication in the Talmud to the effect that the Techelet was hidden, this passage is indeed perplexing, for we know that the Midrash was edited during the early period of the Amoraim, by Rav Tanhuma and Rav Ashya Rabbah, and we find explicitly indicated in the Talmud that the Techelet was to be found even among the later Amoraim as indicated in the previously mentioned passage in Menachot (42b) \"Abaye asked Rav Shmuel the son of Rav Yehudah,\" see there. Also see (ibid 43a) \"Mar of Meshke once obtained in the time of Rav Ahai some Techelet,\" see there. We know the opinion of some that Rav Ahai was of the Rabanan Savorai (the Rabbinic period following the Amoraim, sixth-eighth century CE) and in any case, we may derive from the Tosafot in tractate Ketubot (2b) that he was of the last period of Amoraim, for he lived during the time of Rav Ashi. If so, how did the early Amoraim say that the Techelet was hidden?",
|
50 |
+
"Even if we may conjecture that term 'hidden' as used in this Midrash was formulated by the Geonim, and did not come from the Amoraim, as we find many instances where the Midrash was augmented by the Geonim or the great Rabbis of a later period such as Rabbi Moshe Hadarshan, it is nonetheless perplexing to me, for it seems that the Techelet was also in use during the time of the Geonim, as we find in the glosses of Rashbad of blessed memory (on Maimonides, Laws of Tzitzith, chapter 1 Law 10) where he indicates that \"Rabbi Natronai Gaon of blessed memory compiled the laws of Tzitzith based on the laws of Techelet\" see there. Also, our Holy Teacher of blessed memory, the author of the Kesef Mishna (commentary on Maimonides,, ibid) indicates that the Gaon Rabbi Shimeon be Hofni compiled a work on the laws of Tzitzith in Arabic, based on the laws of Techelet, see there. We know that the Geonim compiled works only of laws applicable to their own time. Also, it seems that the author of the Aruch (dictionary) on the word 'Hillazon', implies that he saw the Hillazon and knew how to draw a picture of it, see there, as will be elaborated on later, with G-d's help.",
|
51 |
+
"We also observe with regard to Maimonides; although in his commentary on the Mishna, at the beginning of the chapter Hatechelet (in tractate Menachot) wrote that \"we are not in possession of it (ie. the Techelet) presently, because we do not know how to dye it since not all blue dyes usable for wool are called by the proper name 'Techelet' only the specific 'Techelet', we therefore can not dye it at this time, and thus we use only the white (strings for Tzitzith),\" and he repeats this in Responsum 46, that now we use only the white (strings), nevertheless, from his later work (Mishna Torah) it is implied that he eventually succeeded in finding the Hillazon and obtaining Techelet, for in Hilchot Tzitzith (chapter 2 Law 2) he provides a list of the distinguishing features of the Hillazon and its blood (as will be elaborated upon later at length) and also describes how it was extracted, and in the process he provides features that find no mention at all in the Talmud, which he would not have known unless he actually obtained it and saw it. Also from his responsum to the sages of Luniel, quoted by the Kesef Mishna where he explains the practical application of the law regarding the Techelet it seems evident that it was available to them and that they conducted themselves in accordance with the Mitzvah of Techelet (on the Tzitzith). Therefore it seems clear that the designation 'was hidden', found in the Midrash does not mean that it was totally unavailable and not to be found at all, only that its use among the Israelites was interrupted due to the great expense and the tribulations and wanderings of the exile, it was unavailable to them, and although some great and esteemed individuals of the generations did succeed in obtaining it, it was referred to as 'hidden'. So too, we must certainly say that in order to explain the passage of the Holy Ari of blessed memory in Pri Etz Haim (Sha'ar Hatzitzith) who associated the reason for the cessation of the Mitzvah of Techelet with the destruction of the Holy Temple, may it be rebuilt quickly in our time, see there the secret of the matter, the Secret of the Lord is for those who fear Him. Since it is clearly evident from many passages that the Mitzvah of Techelet was fulfilled after the Destruction, we must therefore say that his intention of blessed memory is to provide the reason why the mitzvah of Techelet is not so abundantly available for all of Israel.",
|
52 |
+
"Thus the abolition of the first claim that says that it is impossible for us to return and fulfill the Mitzvah of Techelet because the Hillazon was hidden is evident since from many examples it is indicated that it was not hidden at all, and that long after the Destruction during the days of the Tanaim and Amoraim, it was available to them, and it is possible indeed almost to the point of certainty, that Maimonides, of blessed memory, also had Techelet. And only afterwards was it forsaken among us due to the exile, which in our many iniquities has increased. And in the Eastern countries it became forbidden for anyone except Royal Nobility as it is written (Esther 8) \"And Mordecai went forth from the presence of the King in Royal apparel, Techelet and white, etc.\" And perhaps Techelet was also forbidden to be placed in Tzitzith, as the lower officials were apt to make additions and be vigilant in all things. Later on I found corroboration to this in Nachmonides' commentary on the Torah (Exodus 28:3)",
|
53 |
+
"and yet it seems that although after the destruction of the Temple, Techelet was available to only the treasured individuals of the generations during the time of the Tanaim and Amoraim, and also in the time of the Geonim, as was indicated, and the author of the Holy Sefer Hakaneh Hakadosh seems to have also been acquainted with the Hillazon and had acquired it, being that he gave distinguishing features as will be explained with the help of G-d, when we explicate on the distinguishing features of the Hillazon. However it seems that at the end of the days of the Geonim that it had completely ceased and was not to be found even among the singled out individuals of the generation as appears from Maimonides of blessed memory, from his commentary on the Mishna, and from his Responsum (number 43) that he did not have Techelet because prior to this, since the time of the Destruction, even if the Israelites would become greatly impoverished, and the multitude of Israel was not able to afford to fulfill the Mitzvah of Techelet, nevertheless, the distinguished individuals of the generation were able to obtain the blood of the Hillazon for the Techelet. Since the blood of the Hillazon was also used by the nations of the world, for the Techelet dye of their Royal apparel, for Royalty and Ministers, thus the netting of the Hillazon did occasionally occur. And although it was expensive, nonetheless, it was possible for the distinguished ones of the generation to acquire the Techelet for the sake of the Mitzvah. Because at that time there were Israelites to be found in the Land of Israel, and on the beaches of the Mediterranean where the Hillazon was caught, as will be explained. And afterwards, at the end of the period of the Geonim when the yoke of the exile of the Ishmaelites became heavier upon the Jews, and they were driven from exile to exile, also from the vicinity of the Mediterranean Sea and the Land of Israel as is explained in Nachmonides' epistle, where he of blessed memory, writes that he found the Land of Israel in desolation, with very few Jews living there. And also those left there who were living on the shores of the sea were not expert. And Techelet is only accepted from an expert. And there were many decrees and forced conversions at that time. Add to this also the fact that the nations no longer needed to track the Hillazon for the Techelet dye, because they had begun to use other species to extract the Techelet colored dye. And since that period the Mitzvah of Techelet ceased to be fulfilled. And even among the distinguished ones they were not able to acquire the blood of the Hillazon for the Techelet. However, afterwards, during the days of Maimonides and his generation, after he had completed his commentary on the Mishna, the yoke of the exile became slightly unfastened, and there were during that time many Israelites close to the King, and Maimonides of blessed memory lived near the Mediterranean coast and would travel on the sea to search for the Hillazon based on the distinguishing features derived from the Talmud and Midrashim, as will be explained. And he managed to come across it and fulfill the Mitzvah of Techelet. As is clear from his Code of Law, for he provides additional distinguishing features to those explained in the Talmud. It is only afterwards, when in our iniquities the yoke of the exile became more powerful, to the extent that the Mitzvah of Techelet ceased among us and was completely forgotten. Therefore, even in our time, it is not impossible that after search, based on the distinguishing features mentioned in the Talmud and Midrashim of our sages of blessed memory and from the Geonim of blessed memory, and with the help of G-d, we shall be able to acquire it."
|
54 |
+
],
|
55 |
+
[
|
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+
"The second claim: Although it is explained that even now that the Hillazon did not cease to exist, we may still say that it is impossible for us to return and fulfill the Mitzvah of Techelet as we did originally because we may say that indeed that the color of the dye of the Techelet can be extracted from many types of squid and worms but that the fulfillment of the command of the Torah due to a hidden reason and Arcanum of the reasons for the commandments was that it would be from one specific species of the Hillazon that was known at that time. And since there was a period when the fulfillment of the Mitzvah of Techelet did cease, it may be that the specific species of the Hillazon that the Torah demanded was forgotten among us, and therefore we can not return to fulfill this Mitzvah, unless we would have a prophet who would prophetically tell us in the name of G-d the specific species of Hillazon, so that we would be able to dye from its blood the color Techelet. For otherwise, how would we know that this is the Techelet which the Torah commanded.",
|
57 |
+
"Indeed the response to this claim is clear, that it would have only been the case if the Torah said explicitly that the Techelet had to be from a particular Hillazon, and thus it would have been proper to say that the fulfillment of the command of the Torah, would have been only through the Hillazon that was known then. And even if it would not have been explicitly said thus in the Torah, but we would have found among our sages of blessed memory any place that derived such an idea from their exposition of the Scripture that the Techelet can only be from (a particular) Hillazon. Also we would be able to say that this was accepted as a Sinaitic edict to Moses that it was only from that species of Hillazon known at that time. However, we know that the \"Hillazon\" is not mentioned in the Torah at all, and also we do not find among our sages of blessed memory, that they derived the need for the Hillazon from the exposition of the Scripture and thus wee can not say that they had a tradition for a Sinaitic edict to Moses because anything that is a Sinaitic edict has to be precisely derived from the Scripture as is stated in Jerusalem Talmud tractate Sotah (chapter 5 Law 22) that they know that the \"third\" is disqualified from trumah, and the \"fourth\" (is disqualified from) any Sanctified thing. And this is all derived in the Halachah, see there.",
|
58 |
+
"And this is similar to what Maimonides of blessed memory explained in the introduction to his commentary on the Mishna, that regarding the Ethrog and Lulov we have a tradition from Sinai that they are what is referred to in the verse in the Torah \"The fruit of goodly trees and branches of palm trees\" (Leviticus 23:40), but, they (the authors of the Mishna) wanted to show carefully how it is derived from the Torah, because all of the Halachot are included in the Torah and therefore in any event, that if an Halachah is not found explicitly in the Torah, it is incumbent that it be derived from the (accepted) modes of derivation from the Torah, see there.",
|
59 |
+
"In order to explain the need for the Hillazon to obtain the techelet, that our sages of blessed memory necessitated for us in tractate Menachot (42b) \"We obtain the blood of the Hillazon, etc,\"see there; for indeed why do we need it? The Torah only mentioned \"techelet\", which as clearly as the brightness of the sky, whatever it may be, is definitely a textile dye. And, indeed, the Rabbi, author of Tiferet Yisrael, in his forward to the order Nashim of the Mishna (in the pamphlet entitled 'Bigdei Kodesh') proposes to say that in truth we do not necessarily need that the techelet be derived only from the Hillazon. However, we must not forget the long Braitha in Tosefta Menachot (Chapter 9) \"Techelet is not kosher unless obtained from the Hillazon, if not obtained from the Hillazon it is disqualified\", see there. Also, in explaining the reason for this, Maimonides of blessed memory, in the Laws of Tzitzith (chapter 2:1) stated \"that this is because the dye used must be known to be consistent in its beauty and unchanging\", see there. And the source of his words is Menachot (43a) \"if its likeness departs it is disqualified, if its likeness does not depart it is kosher\", see there. And because it is needed that the Techelet persist in its beauty and be unchanging, for this reason our sages of blessed memory, necessitated that specifically the blood of the Hillazon which is fit for these criteria be used for the Techelet dye, because our sages of blessed memory established that it is not possible that the dye of the Techelet would persist in its beauty and not change unless it be of the blood of the Hillazon.",
|
60 |
+
"This is to say that as is known, an article receives a dye in such a way that its color be sustained therein only if the article and the dye are compatible and of the same type, ie. inanimate object and a dye obtained from an inanimate object, or an article obtained from a vegetative source and a dye obtained from a vegetative source, or an article obtained from a sentient source and a dye obtained from such a source. In such instances they combine well and the color of the dye is sustained in the dyed object. However, if the dyed object is of an order higher than the (source of the) dye itself, ie. the object is sentient and the dye is derived from vegetative sources or if the object is of a vegetative source and the dye is derived from inanimate sources, the object does not combine well with the dye in such a way that the color is sustained, and this is because the object, which is of a higher order than the dye, overpowers the dye and nullifies its power, and therefore its (the color's) likeness becomes dulled as time goes on, and it deteriorates. And at times, also when the dye is of a higher order than the dyed object they do not combine well and the object does not have the power to adequately receive the likeness of the dye. For example, regarding the Ishmaelite red (called Turkish red) dye it was not known how to dye cotton with it because the dye is very subtle (thin) and it derives from animal sources, whereas the object dyed (cotton) derives from vegetable sources and therefore they do not combine well. However, the Ishmaelites possessed a secret process that enabled cotton to be dyed with this animal dye, and the Turkish Empire, whose expertise in dying has a long history, after long experimentation found a process whereby cotton, after being left for many weeks in sheep dung in order that the cotton receive within it the attribute of heat from animal product which contains within it the attribute of animal heat so that the dye and the object to be dyed would be of the same order and power so that they may adequately merge. Without such a process the cotton would not be able to receive the dye.",
|
61 |
+
"And in such instances where it appears that objects derived from animal sources are dyed with vegetable dyes or dyes that come from mineral sources and the dye is well received, as in the tanning of hides etc. (We do not regard this as) dyeing at all, rather it is actually a process like that of burning or deterioration or that it is a case of the dye being a \"glued on\" substance so that it does not combine with the object but is a \"print\", as it were, which contains many properties of a glue and through this it is received and sticks to the object. However, as for a clear and pure likeness, it is impossible the dyed object would sustain the dye so that it would not change, unless the dye and the dyed object are of the same order, as we have said.",
|
62 |
+
"Therefore, indeed up to this day, since the times that the dyeing of the Techelet from the blood of the Hillazon had ceased, we do not possess a Techelet dye derived from animal sources, and the dye derived from \"Kla Ilan\" (a vegetable source called India dye), although it possesses a deep hue, and within the dye are also substances that burn and cause deterioration, none the less it does not sustain itself well, and evidently, when a bright dye is made from it it does not sustain itself, and its changeability and fading over time is observable.",
|
63 |
+
"And since the Torah enjoined us that the Techelet dye must be sustainable over time so that it does not change, our sages of blessed memory necessitated that (the Techelet) be derived from the Hillazon for then it would certainly sustain its beautiful likeness and would not change.",
|
64 |
+
"It is true and I will not deny that also dyes coming from animals such as the known red dye, which comes from animal sources, it is impossible that it would not change, and its likeness fade with time as the sun would shine upon it many times. Indeed, it is not our intention when we say that the color of the dye is sustained, that it would not change under the conditions of an act that causes it to diminish and to remove the dye from that which is dyed, because his is something that is impossible for the senses bare witness that the nature of the light of the sun is to remove and diminish the material which forms the basis of all dyes as we actually see that even something that is covered with gold and is actually plated with gold, just that the plating is the thinnest if it stands many days in the light of the sun. The domain of diminishment and loss would rule over it as is the nature of any matter existing that becomes diminished. And because of this its likeness would change. And so too, we know from experience that the smoke of sulfur removes and diminishes all colors even the colors that nature put into substances, as is known from experimentation that if something that is dyed well with a red dye that lasts is taken and placed inside a closed vessel filled with sulfur smoke, after its removed it would be white like snow. And so did we find in tractate Niddah (62a that soap also removes color, see there.",
|
65 |
+
"Yet our intention when we say that the dye lasts is that in and of itself it does not change due to length of time without any other cause, and for this criterion the test through the various ingredients mentioned in tractate Menachot (ibid) would be the determinant. Because a dye that would not sustain itself in and of itself, and fade with the passing of time, would also fade and become ruined through the test mentioned there. And the dye that would in and of itself be sustained, and would not fade with the passing of time would also not fade through the method of testing mentioned there.",
|
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+
"However, this itself is in need of explanation: how do our sages of blessed memory know regarding the techelet mentioned in the Biblical Command that its beauty needs to be sustained and that it does not change? And we can not say that it is because the Torah mentioned Techelet, that we need the choicest of the class of Techelet, and this implies that the choicest of the class would sustain its beauty and not change because this is not the case. For although it is true that we definitely need the choicest of the class, this would only be the case in fulfilling the Mitzvah in its best way, but not that this criterion would stand in the way of fulfilling the Commandment. And like all of the other Mitzvoth of the Torah such as the Mitzvah of animal sacrifices and similar Mitzvoth, that we also need the choicest. This is only at the outset, in order to perform the Mitzvah in the best possible way, but no that it should disqualify the Mitzvah post facto. And why here do we say that if the Techelet does not come from the Hillazon it is disqualified?",
|
67 |
+
"Yet it seems that since the Torah commanded us to use Techelet in the making of the Tabernacle and the Priestly Garments, and we have established in tractate Zevachim (18b) that for that Mitzvah we need that (the materials used for the Tabernacle) should be new and if they are defaced or filthy they are disqualified, see there. If so, evidently, if the likeness of their dyed state is faded they would be considered defaced and would be disqualified. And therefore, necessarily, the commandment of the Torah regarding the Techelet for the Priestly Garments was that it should sustain its beauty and not change, for we can not say that indeed for the Techelet of the Priestly Garments it was not necessary that its beauty be sustained and not change. And indeed, as of when the likeness of the dye fades it becomes disqualified and new garments would be made, for this is not the case. For the Torah said (Exodus 29) \"And the Holy Garments of Aaron shall be for his sons after him.\" And indeed if the dye is not one that sustains its beauty, and it changes in and of itself, and fades, the fading would occur immediately from the beginning, and it would continue to fade. And indeed, we certainly need that the Techelet dye of the Priestly Garments be of a dye that sustains its beauty and does not change. And therefore we would say that wherever the Torah requires Techelet, it would need to sustain its beauty and not change. And therefore our sages, of blessed memory, required the Hillazon for the Techelet.",
|
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+
"And although the Rabbi (author of) Tiferet Yisrael in his introduction (ibid) stated that it was quite clear to him that for the Priestly Garments and the Mishkan (Tabernacle), they did not have the Hillazon for the Techelet at all, and stated as a reference Jerusalem Talmud tractate Shabbat (chapter 7, Law 2), see there. Indeed, he had forgotten a long section in the Babylonian Talmud tractate Shabbat (74b) \"Tying in the Tabernacle, where was it done? etc. Those who caught the Hillazon tied and untied,\" see there. Thus we see clearly that the Hillazon was in the Tabernacle. And although there is an indication from the Jerusalem Talmud to the opposite effect, we are not to forsake the simple meaning of the Babylonian Talmud in the place of the Jerusalem Talmud. And indeed, from the Jerusalem Talmud we can not really bring proof, for this is the quote from the Jerusalem Talmud, \"One who captures the Hillazon and splits it open (on Shabbat) there are those who learn that you are obligated for two violations and there are hose who learn that you are obligated for one violation. As for those who say two; one is for capturing, and one is because of taking the soul. The one who says one; the very thing is the taking of the soul.\" And he does not regard the prohibition of capturing, and goes according to what Rav the son of Rabbi Yosa, Rabbi Abahu, and Rabbi Shimon be Lahish in the name of Rabbi Meir said, \"The Holy One, blessed be He, created a ritually clean animal for Moses in the desert. After Moses used it for the making of the Tabernacle, it was hidden.\" And the Korban Edah says \"He does not consider 'capture' because one is not in violation of capture because of the fact that it is not one of the main categories of principle acts in violation of the Shabbat because the occupation of trapping was not used in the construction of the Mishkan at all because certainly the Hillazon used for the Techelet was not found in the desert, since the Hillazon is only found in Israel, in the land occupied by the tribe of Zevulun. And the nation of Israel had Techelet from Egypt, and as far as the animals, ie. the rams needed for the skins, they did not need to resort to hunting. As for the Tahashim, there are those who say that they needed to be captured, and there are those who say like the one who says that G-d created a ritually clean animal, etc. If so, for them you certainly did not need hunting. Since it was only created for Moses, and came to him. Therefore, there is no hunting. An alternative explanation; For \"He does not consider hunting (the second opinion of the Jerusalem Talmud) because one does not violate the Shabbat Law, and he holds according to \"...etc. In other words if we say \"there is no capture with regard to the Hillazon\", if so, in what instance was their capture in the construction of the Tabernacle? For among domesticated animals there is no capture, therefore we have to say that he holds according to Rabbi, and there was an undomesticated animal there (created for Moses) that needed to be captured.\" And see who explains this (section of the Jerusalem Talmud) according to the first explanation of the Korban Edah but in a slightly different manner of explanation, see there.",
|
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+
"Now according to the second explanation of the Korban Edah, there is no indication at all from the Jerusalem Talmud that implies that they did not use the Hillazon for the Techelet in the desert, it is just that the Rabbi, author of Tiferet Yisrael, considered the first explanation of the Korban Edah as the essential one because through it we can answer the question of Tosafot, tractate Shabbat (75a, end of section \"He who captures\") who left the question with the remark \"needs pondering\" on the contradiction in the Talmud from the fact that here it is implied that capture was needed to obtain the Hillazon whereas in the Jerusalem Talmud it appears that one who captures the Hillazon is not obligated for the Shabbat violation of 'capture'. Now according to the first explanation of the Korban Edah, we can say that in actuality, also according to the Jerusalem Talmud, there is the instance of capture of the Hillazon and the fact that one does not violate the Shabbat at all with any type of capture, even the capture of undomesticated animals. Whereas it appeared according to the Rabbi, author of Tiferet Yisrael, of blessed memory, that one does violate the Shabbat by capturing according to the works enumerated regarding the 39 main types of work in constructing the Tabernacle. Nevertheless, how does he delete that which is stated in the Mishnah that one does not violate the Shabbat. Therefore it appears to my impoverished state of knowledge that the correct version is that one does not violate the Shabbat with capturing. And it appears that when it is in the sea capturing applies to it, but when it emerges to the mountains it is captured and stands in one spot. And even though it is explained in the Sefer Chinoch that it is difficult to capture it because when it emerges to the mountains it is its way to dig its tentacles into the earth, nevertheless, capturing does not apply to it for it is captured while standing in one place. And according to the one who says in the Jerusalem Talmud that one who captures and punctures is only obligated for one violation of the Shabbat. That is for killing, not for capturing, meaning to say that one is not obligated for the violation of capturing the chilazon even in a case where it is captured. The chilazon was miraculously found in the desert and was captured while on dry land and was not moving. Therefore since during the construction of the Tabernacle there was no capturing, therefore he is not obligated even when capturing takes place in the usual manner. For specifically, other creatures that were not needed in the construction of the Tabernacle one is obligated for their capture. We learn this from the capturing of the seal which was needed for the construction of the Tabernacle.",
|
70 |
+
"",
|
71 |
+
"For even though it was created by Hashem miraculously for them in the desert but nevertheless it was necesary for them to capture it. For the miracle was only its creation, but the chilazon since it was used for the Tabernacle without capturing it, it is considered that any species of the kind is not considered to be captured, and we do not learn out the violation of capturing from the capture of the seal. And regarding that which is explained in the Jerusalem Talmud that we can learn out the capture of chilazon from the capture of the seal, for even though the chilazon stood still and was captured, nevertheless, capturing pertains to it and its capture is no worse than the capture of other creatures. This difference of opinion is in theory only and not in reality. Look into the Response of Ridbaz (chapter 685) and later on in our words regarding the nullification of the fourth objection.",
|
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+
"And futhermore it is understood from the words of our sages of blessed memory that the techelet regarding that which the Torah has enjoined us must retain its original beauty and not fade in color, this can be learned from the passage in Exodus 28 where it is written 'completely techelet'. And when this color fades it is not completely techelet. And as Rabbi Chanina the son of Rabbi Gamliel expounded regarding a blemish which makes it inadequate for use (Menachot 42b). And even though Rabbi Yohanon the son of Dahavai disagrees there and says that even the second appearance of the color of techelet is fit for use, that means only at the begining of the dyeing process, but once it has been dyed for the Mitzvah and then it fades and continues to get lighter in color so then certainly it is not considered to be completely techelet and it must retain its original beauty and not change. For if its color is not one that retains its original beauty and does change then certainly it is not fit for use as soon as it begins to fade from its original color and changes. Therefore when the Torah states completelytechelet then certainly it means that it must retain its original beauty and not change. For the techelet of the tzitzith is learned out from the techelet of the priestly garments, for all techelet mentioned in the Torah must retain its original beauty and not change. Therefore the sages of blessed memory needed the chilazon that was known to them, for the color of techelet from any other species does not retain its original beauty and fades.",
|
73 |
+
"This being so that the necessity of the Hillazon in the Techelet is not dependent on a passage in the Torah or the strict letter of the law or a law without reason (Halachah), but rather is derived and based on the theory that the color should remain in its state of beauty and be unchangeable; this being true, if after searching we would be able to find the blood of any kind of Hillazon that would enable us to properly dye the color of Techelet which would retain its original beauty and would not fade, then certainly we would be able to fulfill the commandment of Techelet without any doubt. For what is the difference if the sage of blessed memory were insistent on one particular Hillazon that was known specifically, we must say that it was understood by Chazal, our sages of blessed memory, that there is no other Hillazon in the world or for that matter any other creature that can be used to dye the Techelet in a way that its color would retain the original beauty and would not fade. Therefore the Hillazon we have found is the very same Hillazon that the sages of blessed memory intended; for we see that we are able to dye with its blood the color of Techelet and it's color retain the original beauty and does not fade. And if this is a different Hillazon or creature than the one our sages of blessed memory spoke of we still must say that Chazal were not insistent on one particular kind of Hillazon that was known specifically but rather the law is that all type of Hillazon and snails that would enable us to dye with their blood the color of Techelet and would retain its original beauty and not fade is permissible, but to exclude the Hillazon which is not permissible, that it is that which grows (vegetable) or is inanimate, for the essence of the necessity of the Hillazon for Techelet is not based on a law without reason but rather is specifically based on the reason that the color will retain its original beauty and will not fade.",
|
74 |
+
"A proof for all this can be derived from the section in Tractate Menachot 42b. R. Itzhak the son of R. Yehudah used to test it (the Techelet) thus: He used to mix together liquid alum, juice of fenugreek, and urine of a forty day old child (or that had been kept for 40 days) and soak (The blue thread in it overnight until the morning, if the color faded it is invalid but if not it is valid. Now if the necessity of the Molusc in the Techelet is derived from a specific passage or is the Halacha (law) that it is a specific kind of Molusc that is known then what good is the test for even if it does not fade in color and is known that the color is not Klai Ilan (imitation techelet) perhaps the color is from the blood of a different Molusc and not the same Molusc that the Torah is stringent about. But surely the reason for the necessity of the Hillazon in the Techelet is derived from careful reasoning and theory as is mentioned above that the color should retain its original beauty and not fade away and therefore the test is an effective one, for even if the Sages of blessed memory were stringent regarding one particular Molusc that exists because in any other species of Molusc the color fades and does not retain its original beauty then the test proves that this is the Molusc which the Sages of blessed memory spoke of. And if this color comes from a different Molusc that the sage did not speak of we must say that the Sage of blessed memory did not specify one particular kind of Hillazon that was known specifically as we mentioned before. Therefore the second objection is rejected and with G-d's help will be further clarified with the rejection of the third objection."
|
75 |
+
],
|
76 |
+
[
|
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+
"The third objection. For even if we could attain any Hillazon that would enable us to dye with its blood the color of Techelet and as we have explained that since we are able to dye the color Techelet that retains its original beauty and does not fade away then certainly this is kosher for Techelet as we mentioned above. But how is it possible to know that this dye is a color that remain unchanged in its beauty and color. If this being the only proof that it is actually Techelet we must know for sure that this Hillazon is the one that the Sages of blessed memory spoke of that is that retain its original beauty and color.",
|
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+
"There are two reasons we can reject this objection.",
|
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+
"One:<br>For it is possible to know this from the test which is explained in Tractate Menacot 42 B. R. Isaac the son of R. Judah used to test it thus: He used to mix together liquid alum, juice of fenugreek, and urine of forty day old child (or that had been kept for forty days) and soaked (the Techelet) in it overnight until the morning; if the color faded it is invalid but if not it is valid. Moreover, R. Adda stated the following test before Raba in the name of R. Avira. One should take a piece of hard leavened dough of barleymeal and bake it with the thread of Techelet inside. If the color improved it is valid but if it deteriorated it is invalid. We must therefore say that one test supplement the other thus: if the test of R. Essau the son of R. Judah had been applied and the color had not faded it is certainly valid, but if the color had faded, we should test it by R. Addis' test by baking it in a hard piece of leavened dough; if its color improved it is valid but if it deteriorated it is invalid. A message was sent from Palestine/Israel saying. The test supplement each other and such the Halacha law is accepted according the Maimonides Rambam law of Tzizith (Halachos).",
|
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+
"It is true that the Rav, the author of Tiferet Israel rejects this test mentioned in the Talmud and wrote that we are not expert enough regarding these ingredients that the Talmud mentions to test the unchangeability of the color. For the ingredients liquid alum, and juice of fenugreek which the Talmud mentions is the subject of debate by Rashi v. Rambam. Nonetheless while asking forgiveness from the honorable Tiferet Israel and his high level of Torah knowledge he reached it is wondrous that he says no one is expert in regard to these ingredients especially since none of the earlier sages ever said such a thing. Just because he was not expert in these ingredients is it fair to decree that no one else is. I in my humility have become expert in the names and their nature be it according to Rashi or be it according to Rambam. And that which he wrote the Rashi and Rambam differ in regards to what liquid alum and juice of fenugreek is he forgot that they also have different opinions in regards to the second test mentioned in the Talmud. That is Rashi says it is hard leavening whereas Rambam says it is dough. But that still presents no problem for it is possible to do the test according to both opinion ie. Rashi and Rambam. And it can be said that these ingredients that I have found to be the true ingredient can be clarified form the abundant wisdom of our sages in other places. Therefore it is possible to verify regarding the Hillazon we have found it in the process of dyeing, the color retain its original beauty and does not fade and pass the test of mentioned in the Talmud. It too is a rejection to the second objection for even if the necessity for a particular Hillazon as explicitly mentioned in the Torah so certainly through the test if it proves positive then this must be the Hillazon regarding which the Torah enjoined us. For if it was not the test would not prove positive. That is the reason the test is mentioned in the Talmud, to clarify if the Techelet is from the blood of the Hillazon and therefore fit for use or from some other species and therefore unfit. And this is clear. It is all one reason.",
|
81 |
+
"Secondly<br>even without testing at all it appears in my limited knowledge clear that if we were able to attain the Hillazon to dye with its blood the Techelet and there would be found in this Techelet all the signs and treasures that the Sages of blessed memory have given us regarding that Hillazon that they spoke of, then again, we not be at all doubtful that certainly this is the very same Hillazon the sages of blessed memory had intended. And the sage of blessed memory gave us signs regarding this Hillazon in Tractate Menachot 44. Our Rabbis taught: The Hillazon resembles the sea in its color (its essence ie. its blood) and in shape resembles a fish etc. And it seems clear that our sages gave us clear signs regarding the Hillazon for in their wisdom they saw that because of our exiles and the great expense in attaining it that it was almost certain that we would forget which is the correct Hillazon. Therefore they drew a clear picture for us and gave us all the sure signs of its identification so we would know how to search for it with G-d's help. You should know that Rambam (may his memory be a blessing) in Mishnah Torah copied this Braitha - And it is a known thing that Rambam does not bring in Aggadic material unless it has relevance to the law. So we must certainly say that it is a law that we can depend on the reliability of these signs that this is the Hillazon whose blood is kosher fit for dyeing the Techelet. (And in our lowly state) we have found many more signs and treasures regarding the Hillazon which are scattered throughout the words of our Sages of blessed memory. And the Rambam of blessed memory expounded and found other signs that were not mentioned in the Talmud. From this I can assume and judge that Rambam recognized and saw the Hillazon as is mentioned above. From this it appears quite clearly that when we are able to attain the kind of Hillazon which has all the signs that with G-d's help we shall clarify that beyond a shadow of a doubt that even without doing the test mentioned in the Talmud, it is kosher. The reason for the test is if we have a doubt whether this is really the blood of the Hillazon, but when it is clear to us that this is the correct type of blood there is not necessity for the test. This is also a rejection of the end objection for even if it was explicitly stated in the Torah the necessity for the Hillazon in Techelet and there was a stringency regarding a particular kind of Hillazon that specifically is known, so too if the Hillazon we find matches the correct sign this must be the very same Hillazon. And in truth from the Braitha what gives us the signs of the Hillazon it appears that actually any Hillazon which does not have these signs even if its possible to dye with the blood the color Techelet it is not kosher ( fit for use). And we must say that Hillazon that does not have these signs, the blood used for that we can learn dyeing does not retain its original beauty and it fades away."
|
82 |
+
],
|
83 |
+
[
|
84 |
+
"The fourth objection: Why should one search in vain for the Hillazon without benefit for even if we would attain this way Hillazon that the Sages of blessed memory intended and we could recognize it according to its signs that is with all certainty the correct Hillazon we still would not be able to use its blood to dye the Techelet, because the Sages of blessed memory have already said in Tractate Megillah (6a) that everyone needs you (Zevulun) because of the chilazon. Judges (5) What is the reason because Naftali received as their portion in the land of Israel the high places of the fields. Zevulun said before G-d, Master of the Universe you have given unto my brother the fields and the vineyards and unto me you have given mountain valleys. To my brother you have given him lands and unto me you have given the seas and the rivers. G-d answered him saying, Because of the Hillazon everyone needs you as it is said in Devarim(33). The nations will call upon the mountains and the hidden treasures of the sand. Rav Yosef taught the \"hidden is the Hillazon and the treasures are clear glass (crystal). Zevulun said before G-d 'Who will make it known to me that this is true. Hashem answered him and said There they will offer their righteous sacrifices (ibid). This will be your sign 'Whom takes from you without payment will not be successful in his business - and Rashi explains that if he takes the amount of Hillazon which is worth a Prutah (a small coin) without renumeration for it the color will be ruined and will not be of any benefit at all, Therefore even if we could attain the proper Hillazon we would be taking it without paying for it to the tribe of Zevulun for we have been exiled from our land and Zevulun is not in their inherited place that we are able to pay them therefore the color will be of no benefit and why should we toil in vain. Therefore even if it seems to us (to the naked eye) that we would be able to dye with its blood the color of Techelet we must be forced to say that we are mistaken for certainly the words of our Sages of Blessed memory are alive and everlasting.",
|
85 |
+
"Nevertheless, this objection is overruled: First of all after the destruction of the Holy Temple during the time of the Tannaim (the sages of the Mishnaic era) and the Amoraim (the sage of the Talmudic era) and the Gaonim (the sage of the post Talmudic era) Techelet was found. And at that point we were already exiled from our land and it was impossible to pay the tribe of Zevulun for the Hillazon, so therefore only when Israel were dwelling on their land and each tribe was living on their appointed portion and the Hillazon was in the portion of Zevulun and then if one took the Hillazon without the knowledge of Zevulun and without payment it was considered as theft, it was during that period of time specifically that the promise was made as can be learned from the text, there they will offer up the sacrifices of righteousness (that is regarding theft). But because of our transgression, since we have been exiled from our land and the nations have gained a foothold in all of the land of Israel until the end of days when He will return us and have compassion upon us and bring us back to Zion with exultation speedily in our, time this promise is not pertinent for the tribe of Zevulun does not dwell there but we can say its theft. And furthermore even when Israel was dwelling on their land only if the Hillazon that went up to the mountains in the portion of Zevulun was taken without payment then the dyeing process would not work and would be of no avail for it would be considered as theft. But in truth the Hillazon is found in all the western and Mediterranean seas but can only be caught with difficulty, Whereas in the portion of Zevulun the Hillazon rose from the sea unto its mountains that sloped to the sea and there would multiply and would easily be caught as well be explained with G-d's help. It appears that certainly if the Hillazon would be caught from the sea even in the portion of Zevulun without payment the dye would not be ruined. and this is what Rashi explains (ibid). Everyone will need you, all your brothers will need you for the Hillazon that rises from the sea unto the mountains, the nations will call out to the mountains. From all the tribes they will gather together on your mountains to bury the Hidden Treasures of the sand. This is said only regarding the rest of other tribes that the Hillazon was found in the portion of Zevulun because they would go up to his mountains or we mentioned above, and all the tribes needed him to buy form him the Techelet. But certainly the Techelet was found in all the western and Mediterranean seas and all the nations that encamped by the sea had the Hillazon and is written in the text in (Yechezkiel 27) Techelet and argamon are from Islands of Alisha etc. The majority of Techelet was from the island of Alisha and the merchants of Shva, Asher and Kalmud-- and was not considered part of the land of Israels Techelet. For in truth they only had enough to supply themselves with garments for the royalty, princes and priests and for the fulfillment of the precept of Techelet but they did not have enough Techelet to sell to the outside world. If this being so how is it that the dyeing process was successful if they took the Hillazon without paying for it and did not offer it from the tribe of Zevulun, but certainly we mentioned above that where was trapped within the portion of Zevulun would not be ruined. And it also appears from what is learned in Tractate Sotah (46B) regarding the following passage in (Judges 1) And the man went to the land of the Chittim and he built a city and called its name Luz and this is its name till this very day. The Midrash in Breshit Rabba explains that Luz is where the Techelet was dyed. The city in the land of the Chittim appears to not have been inhabited by the Jews for it is not part of the land of Israel and it was a place where the Techelet was found and the dyeing process successfully done. Even though they did not pay the tribe of Zevulun for it that is as mentioned above because it was not taken from his portion and all this is clear and correct.",
|
86 |
+
"I have found support for all we have said from our teacher the Ridbaz, may his memory be a blessing in responsa #685 and this is his holy language.",
|
87 |
+
"The question arose as we have learned in Tractate Sabbath that the trappers of the Hillazon tied the nets and untied them to trap them. You have asked from where did they have Hillazon that they were able to trap, was it not found only in the portion of Zevulun and was it possible to come to the land of Israel to trap it.'",
|
88 |
+
"The answer is this is not necessary for the Hillazon that was found in the sea and in the portion of Zevulun would emerge by itself form the sea to dry land and then they would gather it. And after Israel was exiled the Hillazon would not emerge and --- left in Israel from the impoverished of the nation to trap the Hillazon which means that trapping was a necessity. So too in the making of the Tabernacle they were close to the Red sea for from Mt. Sinai to the Red Sea was a short distance and they would go the Red sea and would trap the Hillazon for it was found there. It's not necessary to say the same thing regarding the Hillazon as we said about the seal skin that is was not to be found for the chilazon is to be found and it is possible that till this very day it is found but we do not recognize it or we do not know how to trap it. Also because we do not need it because the color that resembles techelet can be found in abundance that is the color ' Astis' which is called in Arabic 'nil and they dye it professionally that even ironing does not fade it. Till here his holy words.",
|
89 |
+
"This is certainly support to our words from the great scholar the Ridbaz. And we who can not compare to the greatness of the Rabbis in the previous generations do not be amazed at all that they did not arouse themselves to search for the chilazon. For we have found in the book of Kings (2,18) that the brass serpant that Moses made was destroyed for until that time the children of Israel were sacrificing unto it and called it Nechushtan. Regarding this it says in tractate Chullin ( 6b) Is it possible that Asa came and did not annihilate it, that Yehosafat came and did not annihilate it and yet all the other forms of idol worship in the world Asa and Yehosafat annihilated. Yet G-d did not arouse these great righteous men to annihilate it even though it was a great stumbling block to the Jews so that Ch----- could come and be on guard against it and it was hidden from them that it is permited to destroy the brass serpent as it is written in the Tosafot ibid 7. So too even more so it can be derived from a fortuori reasoning in our case when we are speaking only of the prevention of doing one positive mitzvah that we can say that it is from G-d that it be hidden from the giants of the previous generations the possibility of finding the chilazon in our time in order to leave place for the one who is ready to actualize this potentiality and to be on the guard regarding it.",
|
90 |
+
"",
|
91 |
+
"",
|
92 |
+
"",
|
93 |
+
"G-d gave a boundary for everything saying till here you shall approach and G-d in his abundant mercy left place for even the least of the least to gird themselves and make fences as the holy Rabbi, Reb Yehudah Hanassi said in the tractate Megillah (28) those that comeafter you shall lead the flock. For if the whole of the Torah was revealed only to the earlier sages there would be no room left for the later generations to be innovative in the Torah of G-d.",
|
94 |
+
"And since I have seen that it has come to me without specifically planning it through many different reasons to be aroused regarding this subject and I saw that it is from heaven that it can be revealed to us for there is hope that we can return to fulfill the Mitzvah of Techelet as was done originally, I said perhaps G-d has left place for even the least of the least like me to bring me merit regarding this commandment that will bring merit to the many through me and I will be amidst those who bring merit to the many.",
|
95 |
+
"Therefore I girded my loins to search for the hidden treasure in the sand. And I said first I will search and seek out to expound to understand in our Holy Torah since all the hidden treasures are all hidden in the Torah. And as we have found that even the end of the Babylonian exile was hidden in the Torah as is written in Tractate Megillah (12a) as he said I understand but was actually mistaken and only if that exact moment that G-d had appointed only then was it revealed and also the place of the Holy Temple was hidden in the Torah in the book of Joshua until David came and it was revealed to him as is explained in Tractate Zevachim 54B . And also regarding the building of the second Temple it says there ibid (62a) regarding the altar the Men of the Great Assembly expounded and Solomon did not understand to expound upon it and also the light of the sixth day of creation that was hidden in the Torah was hidden as is explained in the Holy Zohar and the Sefer Habahir 6B. Therefore I have put it in my heart before anything else to find all the signs regarding the Hillazon in the writing of the Sages of Blessed Memory. And through their words there will be place before one of my lowly state or to all those that the King of the world whose name is blessed desires to bring merit to the many through him to search for it. And when there will be found a creature that has all the signs it will be already known that this creature is certainly the Hillazon. May it be his will that I shall not stumble in the way of the Halacha (law)."
|
96 |
+
]
|
97 |
+
],
|
98 |
+
"The signs according to Chazal": {
|
99 |
+
"Where the Hillazon can be found": [
|
100 |
+
"The Explanation of where the Hillazon can be found",
|
101 |
+
"Even though it appears from the first outlook that the place the Hillazon is found is in the mountains so is stated in Tractate Sanhedrin (91a) 'He went up to the mountains and saw that today there was only one Hillazon, the next day it rained and the mountain was filled with Hillazon. And in truth in Tractate Menachot (44a) it says they emerge once in seventy years - Rashi explains: it emerges from the land and only in the mountain in the territory of Zevulun.",
|
102 |
+
"Yet we find that Rashi of Blessed Memory himself explain in Tractate Megillah (6a) that the Hillazon emerge from the sea unto the mountains and also explained in Tractate Sanhedrin (91a) and Tractate Chullin 99A regarding that which is said that Techelet resembles the sea that Rashi explain that the Hillazon arises from the sea. And so it is explained according to Rambam (Maimonides) of Blessed Memory. The laws of Tzizith Chapter 2 Halacha II and this is his language. And it can be found in the Dead Sea. And it appears that they learned to say this from the words of the Midrash which states that there is a place in the sea which is amidst the mountains, we learn from this that the Hillazon is from the sea but it emerges from the sea to the mountain amidst the sea. And we have said previously in (refutation to the 4th objection) that its place is in all the western sea and the Mediterranean but in the portion of Zevulun it would emerge from the sea to its mountains that sloped towards the sea and would multiply these. And that which Rashi says in Tractate Menachot that it emerges from the land that means to say that there when it emerges from the sea to the mountain it multiplies.",
|
103 |
+
"And the Torah of Truth was upon their lips for it is explained in the Zohar (Beshalach 48B) that the Hillazon is found in the sea.",
|
104 |
+
"",
|
105 |
+
"The fact that Rambam calls in the Salt sea which is certainly not in the portion of Zevulun can be answered simply by saying that this is the name the Rambam call all the seas that are salty."
|
106 |
+
],
|
107 |
+
"The signs of the Hillazon": [
|
108 |
+
"The signs of the Hillazon",
|
109 |
+
"1. The color of the body of the Hillazon resembles the color of the sea as the Rabbis in Tractate Menachot (44A) taught that the color of the Hillazon resembles the color of the sea. Rashi explains that the Hillazon emerges from the sea and the Techelet resembles the sea, that is to say that the sea it is found in and that it emerges from is the cause of its color.",
|
110 |
+
"2. The Hillazon which has a soft flesh and moves above the water by way of its fins resembles a fish but since it can multiply on dry land it is not considered to be a fish. It has characteristics that resemble the fish but cannot be considered to be an actual fish.",
|
111 |
+
"3. The Hillazon has veins and bones as is proved from the Jerusalem Talmud in Tractate Shabbat Chapter I, Halacha III.",
|
112 |
+
"",
|
113 |
+
"",
|
114 |
+
"4. The Hillazon has a hard shell and covering that grows with it. The reason we know that the shell is hard is because the expression to wound is used regarding it and only that which has a hard shell can we use the expression to wound.",
|
115 |
+
"5. The Hillazon has coming out from its head bent threads like hooks that are put on chains so long them on the wall. That is the reason that these very same bent hooks are called Hillazon. There is evidence to this, so the Aruch in the first book he wrote, drew a picture of the Hillazon. It can be understood from this that he knew what it looked like and he knew that the threads coming out of the head are like bent hooks on the top of the chain.",
|
116 |
+
"6. There must be found in the Hillazon organs or fringe like extensions that resemble the snake. Upon the organs there are red flesh-like blisters. This is the reason that the red blister in the eye are called Hillazon and Snake.",
|
117 |
+
"7. The Rambam in the laws of Tzizith Chapter II Halacha II gives in the sign to recognize the Hillazon and this is his holy words. Its a fish whose color resembles that of Techelet and whose blood is black as ink. I have found no source in the Talmud in support of Rambam words that its blood is black as ink. And it appears from this that after Rambam wrote his commentary on the Mishnah he toiled and labored until he found the Hillazon according to the signs mentioned in the words of our Sages of Blessed Memory and fulfilled the Precept Mitzvah of Techelet. Then he proceeded to enumerate other signs that could be found in it such as its black ink like blood. He though that perhaps it would be forgotten this would make it easier for one who desired to search for it and be able to find it without giving up. For if Rambam did not make it known to us (regarding its black blood) we would search for it relying solely on the signs in the Talmud. And even if we would find it we would lose hope saying that since its blood is black this is certainly not the Hillazon needed to dye the Techelet, Therefore he made it known to us that in truth its blood is black and only by adding of the substances is it possible to dye it the color of Techelet.",
|
118 |
+
"Rashi in Tractate Chullin (89A) seems to disagree with this Rambam for the sages that the appearances of its blood resembles the sea and we see that the sea resembles the firmament. Its probable to say that Rashi did not recognize nor see the Hillazon but rather deduced it theoretically. But still it is amazing to say that even though a theoretical deduction he did not arrive at the truth. Therefore it appears that in truth Rashis intention is not regarding the blood itself, but rather the color that appears from dyeing with the blood. That is to say that Rashi was careful with the use of his holy words when he said the appearance of its blood and did not say just its blood resemble the sea, for in truth its blood is black as ink and does not resemble the sea. ",
|
119 |
+
"8. It has been explained already that the Hillazon emerges from the sea to the mountains. And it is written in the holy book before Hakaneh in the laws of Tzizith, that immediately upon emerging it is entrenched in the earth and there it procreates. And he concludes by saying that it is rooted there and its head is outside. It can be understood from this that it is the way of the Hillazon to dig and to bury itself in the earth. Rashi in Tractate Megillah (6A) who wants us to understand each word the Talmud explains according to the order of the words in the passage explains the word S'funei as importance rather than buried which fits in both according to the simple meaning of the passage. ",
|
120 |
+
"9. The Hillazon has two kinds of blood one which exudes from it and one which is contained it its organs. ",
|
121 |
+
"10. In essence the Hillazon is found in the sea but it also emerges to dry land upon the mountains the slope into the sex and is able to survive there. When it is in the sea it must be trapped but when it emerges on dry land it is trapped and just stands there, and this is explained according to the explanation of the refutation of the second and fourth objections."
|
122 |
+
],
|
123 |
+
"The appearance of the Techelet": [
|
124 |
+
"The appearance of the Techelet",
|
125 |
+
"According to Rashi of Blessed Memory the color of Techelet resembles the firmament as it blackens towards evening which is in agreement with Rambam of Blessed Memory who says that the Techelet must lean towards and have a fringe of blackness. And behold, since G-d whose name is blessed has helped us to clarify the signs through which the Hillazon can be recognized, and I have spoken with many of the Sages of the Torah and spiritual giants of Israel and they have agreed with my words, it is incumbent upon all those who have strength to search for it, to bring merit to the nation of Israel with the precept (Mitzvah) which has been forgotten from Israel many hundreds of years. And anyone who merits to this will be blessed by the Lord, the G-d of Israel. And I in my lowliness have begun this process and have sent to the shores of the Mediterranean sea. This creature has been brought to me and it is of the species that are called inkfish what include 19 different kinds. It appears to me that in one of these species can be found all the signs that are mentioned previously as explained according to the words of our sages of Blessed Memory also its blood which is black as ink is under my hand. Nevertheless all the chemists have not been successful in extracting its blood. And if G-d will help me to come to the shores of the Mediterranean sea and be able to attain it unlike it is still alive if G-d so desires I will try with the help of G-d who is blessed to extract from it the color of Techelet. And I will pray to G-d who is blessed, that just as he has given me merit to living merit for Israel with words of Torah whose expositions are few, these being the remnants that occupy themselves in the order of Teharoth (laws of ritual impurity) and with the help of G-d due to the merit of my fathers I have set in order the entire order of Teharoth - And with the help of G-d I have published the Tractate of Kelim (laws regarding ritual impurity of vessels) which has been favorably received amidst the great sages of Israel and the wise men of the Torah, so too I shall pray with G-d and that he helps me complete the entire order and publish it, and I shall dwell in his tents forever. And so too regarding this Mitzvah of Techelet which has none that seek it out, may G-d help me to bring merit to the many and may it stand for me and my children and my children's children that the words of the Torah vanish not from my lips and the lips of my children and the lips of my children's children so says G-d from now until forever. ",
|
126 |
+
"I have completed this honorable treatise on the 11th day of Marcheshvan, Tuesday, the Torah portion of Vayera, 5648 (1887), here in Radzin."
|
127 |
+
]
|
128 |
+
}
|
129 |
+
},
|
130 |
+
"schema": {
|
131 |
+
"heTitle": "ืืืืจ ืฉืคืื ื ืืืื ื ืืื",
|
132 |
+
"enTitle": "Treasures Hidden in the Sand",
|
133 |
+
"key": "Treasures Hidden in the Sand",
|
134 |
+
"nodes": [
|
135 |
+
{
|
136 |
+
"heTitle": "ืฉืขืจ",
|
137 |
+
"enTitle": "Title Page"
|
138 |
+
},
|
139 |
+
{
|
140 |
+
"heTitle": "ืืงืืื",
|
141 |
+
"enTitle": "Introduction"
|
142 |
+
},
|
143 |
+
{
|
144 |
+
"heTitle": "",
|
145 |
+
"enTitle": ""
|
146 |
+
},
|
147 |
+
{
|
148 |
+
"heTitle": "ืืืขื ืืช",
|
149 |
+
"enTitle": "The Objections"
|
150 |
+
},
|
151 |
+
{
|
152 |
+
"heTitle": "ืืกืืื ืื ืืคื ืื\"ื",
|
153 |
+
"enTitle": "The signs according to Chazal",
|
154 |
+
"nodes": [
|
155 |
+
{
|
156 |
+
"heTitle": "ืกืืื ื; ืืืืจ ืืงืื ืืฆืืืืช ืืืืืื",
|
157 |
+
"enTitle": "Where the Hillazon can be found"
|
158 |
+
},
|
159 |
+
{
|
160 |
+
"heTitle": "ืกืืื ื; ืืกืืื ื ืืืืืื",
|
161 |
+
"enTitle": "The signs of the Hillazon"
|
162 |
+
},
|
163 |
+
{
|
164 |
+
"heTitle": "ืกืืื ื; ืืืจืื ืืชืืืช",
|
165 |
+
"enTitle": "The appearance of the Techelet"
|
166 |
+
}
|
167 |
+
]
|
168 |
+
}
|
169 |
+
]
|
170 |
+
}
|
171 |
+
}
|
json/Halakhah/Acharonim/Treasures Hidden in the Sand/English/merged.json
ADDED
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{
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"title": "Treasures Hidden in the Sand",
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"language": "en",
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"versionTitle": "merged",
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"versionSource": "https://www.sefaria.org/Treasures_Hidden_in_the_Sand",
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"text": {
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"Title Page": [
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"DISCOURSE ON:",
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"TREASURES HIDDEN IN THE SAND",
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"This is a clarification of the Law concerning the existence of the \"Hillazon\" even in our time. If we are able to obtain and to dye with it the \"Techelet\" in order to fulfill the \"Mitzvah\" of \"Tzitzith\" completely; so that we may learn to be in awe of G-d through the medium of sight, which arouses memory; the main function is in the seeing of the \"Techelet\", as is written in tractate Menachot 43b. Herein will be explained the place where it [the \"Techelet\"] is found, and its distinguishing features as derived from the words of our sages of blessed memory, the authors of the Mishnah and Talmud, and the early codifiers of the Law of blessed memory. ",
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"As I raised it and prepared it in my poverty, the youth, humble among the thousands of Israel, Gershon Henoch, the son of my father and teacher, the Holy and brilliant Rabbi, our Master and teacher, Rav Yakov of blessed memory, of Izbica."
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],
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"Introduction": [
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"DISCOURSE ON: TREASURES HIDDEN IN THE SAND",
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"IN THE NAME OF THE ETERNAL, GRACEFUL G-D OF THE UNIVERSE, WHO AMONG ALL THE NATIONS MADE HIS CHOICE IN US, AND GAVE US HIS TORAH, AND SANCTIFIED US WITH HIS COMMANDMENTS, FROM HIM SHALL I ASK FOR THE CORRECT ANSWER, AND HE WILL PREPARE MY HEART AND OPEN MY LIPS, AND MY MOUTH WILL RELATE HIS PRAISE, AND MAY HE NOT REMOVE FROM ME HIS GRACE AND MY PRAYER. ",
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"From the depths of my heart, in the narrow places, I call out to G-d, who forms all forms. He will hear my prayer when I call Him in affliction, and He will make wide way for me and grant me for nought from His goodly treasure, and widen my heart to run in the way of His commandments, and to inform justice among the great multitude, and will guide me in the Eternal Path, so that I go on the wide way, and investigate His bidding so that I derive pure joy from His commandments in love and awe. May He strengthen me and preserve me to speak of His witness to the Kings, the Rabbis.",
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"And indeed, who am I that I open mouth to relate His righteousness and teach His commandments among the great multitude, and instruct before the witnessing Holy Community? Do I not know the meagerness of my worth? For I possess not the understanding of a man; and do not know the knowledge of the Holy Ones. And I am a lowly person, of weak knowledge. Surrounded by hardships without number, driven unceasingly, walking in the depths of the abyss without dominion of power, Salvation is far from me, and how can I strive to express an opinion before those greater and better than me?",
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"Truly the graces of G-d will support me and stand me up upon my high places. Indeed they are my consolation. For I placed to my heart the adage of King Solomon, praise be upon him, \"My son, let them not depart from thy eyes; keep sound wisdom and discretion; so shall they be life to thy soul, and grace to thy neck. Then shalt thou walk in thy way safely, and thy foot shalt not stumble, etc. For the Lord shall be thy confidence and shall keep thy foot from being caught.\" For the lain foundation in the words of Torah should not be turned aside from the eyes of man, even the lowest of the low. For even the lowest of the low has a place in the words of the Torah, and can merit within it even more than what is in accordance with the boundaries and formations of the elements of his soul. And it is an inheritance to all the congregation of Yakov. And I too, the poor and lowly as dust and ashes, am included among them. As is written in the Midrash Vayikrah Rabbah (chapter 9), \"'Moses commanded to us the Torah, the inheritance of the congregation of Yakov', (Deuteronomy 33). The inheritance of the congregation of Yanai is not written here, rather the congregation of Yakov\". See there for yourself. May it be the pleasure of the Great Mother, that my words be accepted and that I dwell in His everlasting universal tent and that the merit of my Holy fathers who conducted themselves before Him shall stand and merit for me to be among those, who make the masses meritorious in the words of His commandments."
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],
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"": [
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"DISCOURSE ON: TREASURES HIDDEN IN THE SAND May help cometh from the Lord, Maker of Heaven and Earth.",
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"It is already many years since I placed my heart to the investigation of the commandment of \"Techelet\", which in our many iniquities was withheld from us. And this is one of the goodly matters withheld from us in our exile, in our man wanderings, and was forsaken from our good soul, and we are not able to arise up and see, and bow down to G-d in the temple, in the House of our chosenness. For this indeed is the main suffering of the exile, as we mention in our prayers. And as Isaiah the prophet said (chapter 63), \"Lord, why hast Thou made us to stray from Thy ways, and hardened our heart from Thy fear\". And this also refers to the \"Techelet\", as is written in tractate Menachot 43b, \"Rabbi Eliezer ben Yakov said, whosoever has \"Tephillin\" on his head, the \"Tephillin\" on his arm, the \"Tzitzith\" on his garment, and the \"Mezuzah\" on his doorpost, is in absolute security against sinning, etc.\" And it is also said there (Menachot 44a), \"His four 'Tzitzith' came and grabbed him by the face,\" see there. This means that what we learnt in the Braitha (ibid 43b), \"'That you may look upon it and remember (all the commandments of the Lord) and do them'; seeing brings to remembering, and remembering brings to doing,\" etc, see there. And the essence of the remembering of \"Tzitzith\" is brought by the \"Techelet\", which is likened to the Throne of Glory, as we have said (ibid 43b), \"How is Techelet different from all other dyes? It is because Techelet is like unto the sea, and the sea is like unto the sky, and the sky to the Throne of Glory.\" And Rashi, of blessed memory, explained, \"And through the Techelet one is reminded of the One who sits upon the throne,\" see there. And see also the Midrash in Bamidbar Rabbah (Nasso 14 regarding the Prince of he children of Ephraim) and Talmud Yerushalmi Brachot (Chapter 1 law 2) and as it is written in the Holy Zohar (volume 3, page 175b), \"(And this Techelet is) one string that is imprinted with a dye, and the dye comes from a fish which can be found in the Sea of Galilee (Kinneret) and is called \"Kinneret\". There was a Kinnor (lyre) which hung over the bed of King David. For sure, this Kinneret (the fish from which the Techelet is extracted) is actually the Kinnor (lyre) of King David which played of its own accord in praise of the Most High King. Therefore, the color of Techelet reaches unto the firmament, and from the firmament unto the Heavenly Throne. And in this conjunction (i.e. the Techelet) the word \"Commandment\" is used. This is as it is written (Kings 2, chapter 18), 'It is the command of the King, why do your transgress the command of the King? For it is the command of the King (ie. the Schinah)'. And we have learnt, that the foundation and the root are encrowned together in the Kingdom. This is the memory, the crown, and the entrance way to all the other crowns, as it is written (Psalm 118), 'Open up for me, the Gates of Righteousness,' and it is written (ibid), 'This is the Gate for G-d,' and regarding this it is written (Numbers 15), ' And you will see Him, (Hebrew \"OHTOH\" can be translated it or him), and remember all of the commandments of he Lord.' And to include in this One all the other crowns, \"etc, see there. It is also known that the first gate to all the gates is fear and awe. And through it do the righteous come to all the gates, as it is written (Psalm 111), \"The beginning of wisdom is fear of G-d.\"",
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"This being so, even though one ought not to express wonderment at the beginning of something that was interrupted and was ceased from among us, i.e. the commandment of \"Techelet\", for we know that due to our many iniquities many tribulations passed upon us, and decrees, and we wandered from exile to exile, and because of the great rarity and expense of finding the \"Techelet\", due to our poverty and low position, it was not possible to obtain it.",
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"Indeed, it is certainly proper that in each generation, any one whose heart was touched by the fear of G-d, ought to contemplate and set his heart to searching to the greatest extent of his ability, and perhaps G-d will make him meritorious so that he be among those who make the masses meritorious, in returning the Service of the Diadem of Beauty, the \"Techelet\", to the people Israel. And since it is known that if our ancestors were like unto angels, we are like unto people; And if the ancestors were like unto people, then we are like unto donkeys, etc. And for this reason it would apparently be wondrous how our sages of blessed memory who came before us in any of the previous times from the interruption of the commandment of \"Techelet\" among Israel until now did not arouse themselves to return the Crown to its former Glory. And this in itself causes the slumber of laziness to descend, that prevents us from the work. And it also arouses claims to say that it is beyond the realm of possibility to return and fulfill this commandment as it was originally fulfilled. For this I saw fit to illustrate the objections that may be raised in this matter, and proclaim publicly:"
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],
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"The Objections": [
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[
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"The first claim is, being that it is known that due to our many iniquities, with the destruction of the First Temple, and with the destruction of the Second Temple, may they be rebuilt quickly in our days, Amen, many things were hidden and ceased from among us. We may say so too did His Blessed Wisdom decree also regarding the \"Hillazon\" and its blood from which we dye the \"Techelet\", that they be hidden till the end of time.",
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"Indeed the removal of this claim is quite clear, being that we found no place in the Talmud that tells us that at any particular time that \"Techelet\" was hidden. For we do find at the end of tractate Sotah that they consider and mention those objects that were lessened and eventually ceased to be found after the destruction. And even those things that were to be found but whose abundance was greatly lessened were also mentioned, as it is written (Sotah 48b) \"From the day that the First Temple was destroyed song and fine silk were abolished \" and see Tosafot (Shabbat 20b Anan) but in any case they are (ie. song and fine silk) to be found, they are somewhat commonplace, see there. Also white glass is mentioned there, and see Tosafot (Baba Metzia 29b B'Zchuchit) but nonetheless they are still somewhat commonplace, see there. As so too, the flowing honeydew as is mentioned in tractate Sotah (ibid) that it ceased. And yet in the Jerusalem Talmud (Peah, chapter 7 law 3) it seems that it was also found after the destruction. And if indeed the \"Techelet\" was hidden and ceased to be, the Talmud would certainly have mentioned it in this connection. And in any case, would not have failed to let us know about this anywhere in the Talmud. And from this it seems clear that it was not hidden, nor did it cease to exist and to this we need not even give a thought; for at no time was its existence changed, and it was always difficult to obtain, as tractate Menachot points out (43a) \"And it was sold dearly,\" see there. Also an expert and artisan, one proficient in the making of the dye, was also needed, as is implied there (Menachot ibid). And now too after the destruction of the Temple, its acquisition is no more expensive than during the time of the Temple. And its location is ascertainable with Blessed Divine Help, through an expertly skilled artisan. ",
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"And as for what is mentioned in the Sifre (Deuteronomy chapter 354) concerning the verse \"'For they shall suck of the abundance of the seas' (Deuteronomy 33:19) Said Reb Yose: One day as I was traveling from Keziv to Tzur I encountered an old man, and greeted him with 'Peace'. I asked him 'what is your means of livelihood?' He told me 'the Hillazon'. I asked him, 'can it be found?' He told me ' By the Heavens, there is a place by the sea, situated among the mountains, and poisonous insects bite it (ie. the Hillazon) and it dies and it rots in its place.' I said to him 'The Heavens are a remembrance hidden for the Righteous for the world to come.' 'The treasure'; this is the Hillazon,\" etc, see there. From this it may be implied that the Hillazon from which the Techelet dye was made, was hidden. However, indeed that would be questionable, for during the time of the 'Tanaim' (1st-3rd century CE) one must have been able to acquire the Techelet since we find Techelet in use even in the days of the 'Amoriam' (3rd-6th century CE), as is mentioned in tractate Menachot (42b) \"Abaye said to Rav Shmuel bar Reb Yehudah, this Techelet, how do you dye it?\", see there.",
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"I found in the work of the brilliant Sephardic Rabbi David Pardo of Blessed memory, in his precious book Sifre Deve Rev, who brings up the point in connection with the above mentioned Sifre and asks regarding the query of Rabbi Yose 'is it to be found, 'was it not found during the days of the Amoriam? And he answers that 'since the old man told him that his livelihood comes from the Hillazon, and did not say (that it comes from) the Techelet, it was implied that his work is not the dying of the Techelet or the selling of the Techelet, that he was always hunting the Hillazon itself, and it was from this that he made his livelihood. And this was Reb Yose's question; \"How was he able to make a livelihood from the Hillazon,\" because this implied that he was able to track it down at any time; Is it so common? And the old man answered him \"indeed it is not to be found except in a certain place, in the seas.\" And he explained there 'that only the choicest is hidden for the Righteous,\" see there. It seems that the meaning of this scholar's words, of blessed memory, that it is only because he (the old man) said that his livelihood was from the Hillazon, that Reb Yose asked, 'is it (so easily) found.' This is in accordance with what is written (Menachot44a) that it (the Hillazon) surfaces only once in seventy years, see there. And since it only surfaces once in seventy years how can it be so common as to be captured at any time? However, the dye of the Techelet (on the other hand) was readily obtainable for although the Hillazon only surfaced once in seventy years, nevertheless, at the time that it surfaced, they prepared enough Techelet dye for seventy years. This seems to be the meaning of his words of blessed memory. And perhaps he himself said this explicitly, however his book is not in front of me now, so that I can look at it, I am merely quoting from memory.",
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"According to this it would apparently seem that it would be impossible in our day to search for the Hillazon from whose blood the Techelet dye comes, for we do not know the reckoning of the years that the Hillazon surfaces, in order to capture it.",
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"However, it seems clearly the case that what was understood based on the Talmudic source just quoted 'that it rises only once in seventy years,' implies that it is not found at all, only during the time that it surfaces, and afterwards it is not to be found at all. Yet, this is indeed doubtful, because we find in tractate Shabbat (26a) \"'But Nevuzaradan, the captain of the guard, left of the poorest of the lad to be vinedressers (kormim) and husbandmen (yogbim)' (Jeremiah 52:16). Said Rav Yoseph; the vinedressers refer to those who harvest the Balsam from Ein Gedi until Ramah, and husbandmen refers to the netters of the Hillazon from the promontory of Tzur until Haifa.\" And Rashi, of blessed memory, explained that the word 'yogvim' (husbandmen) is etymologically related to the word 'yekavim', ie. large vats, wherein they spread out the Hillazon in order to extract its blood, as is mentioned in chapter 'Klal Gadol' (Shabbat 75a) \"That Nevuzaradan left them be (ie. the vinedressers and husbandmen) for the sake of the garments of the King,\" see there. And if we go according to his understanding, of blessed memory, (of Rabbi David Pardo) that the Hillazon itself is only to be found at the time that it rises from the sea once in seventy years, and afterwards is not found at all, we would not be able to understand Nevuzaradan's having left them there for something that occurred only once in seventy years. Also, the expression 'the netters of the Hillazon' implies that that was always their occupation. Thus it seems clear that the Hillazon itself was also always available and was always able to be netted. And regarding what it says 'that it surfaces once in seventy years' the meaning of this is that once in seventy years it surfaces and multiplies, but afterwards, although it is also found, it is not found in such great abundance. And if so, Rav Yose's question 'is it to be found' needs explanation. For although it is not found in such great abundance so that everyone can acquire it easily, still, it should be acquirable by skilled netters who are expert in the art of netting to capture it.",
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"And it would also appear that from the answer given by the old man we can learn of the nature of the question of Rav Yose. What was the meaning of the fact that the old man elaborated in his answer 'By the Heavens, in a place by the sea, situated in the mountains, poisonous insects bite it and it dies, and is decicated in its place.' If we say that the simple meaning of Rav Yose's question 'is it to be found' is that he was questioning due to the fact that it was hidden away and is completely unavailable, would it have been sufficient for this for this old man to answer him briefly that he found a place in the sea where he can net it? Therefore it appears that indeed Rav Yose's intention in asking 'is it available' is not that it is not at all available, for in truth it is available and fishermen sometimes would come across the Hillazon by chance as is implied from that tractate in Shabbat (ibid) that Nevuzaradan left the netters of the Hillazon from the promontory of Tzur until Haifa. But since the old man answered him regarding his livelihood that it comes from the Hillazon and he did not answer that he is a fisherman and his livelihood comes from what he catches, whether it be the Hillazon or any other type of fish, it is implied that the Hillazon by itself was his means of livelihood. And this was Rav Yose's question; 'is it so available without trouble' that it would be enough for him to always make his livelihood only from the Hillazon? For although it is found in the sea and in the swamps by the sea, as will be explained, that the essential harvest of the Hillazon is a t sea but only through great trouble in netting do fishermen occasionally come across it. And also once in every seventy years does it rise up from the sea floor and multiplies on the mountains that are in the sea and near the sea as will be explained with G-d's help from Rashi's explanation of blessed memory. And also that it needs tracking down and takes much trouble to find as will be explained from Sefer Hakaneh Hakadosh that the nature of the Hillazon is to burrow itself and hide itself in the earth. And as the Sifre states regarding the treasures hidden in the sand that this refers to the Hillazon, if so how could he (the old man) have said that his livelihood comes only from the Hillazon? 'That by the Heavens there is a place by the sea near the mountains' and there is no need to bother oneself and to look for it in the sea and spread a net upon it and (furthermore) 'poisonous insects bite it and it dies, and is decicated in its place' and (therefore) it cannot burrow and hide itself in the ground. And therefore he can always find it easily without any bother at all and he derives his livelihood from it. And regarding this did Rav Yose say 'By the Heavens it is a remembrance hidden for the Righteous in the world to come, 'in other words that this place is unique in that the Hillazon always surface there in abundance and it is easy to capture it without any trouble. Certainly such a place is hidden for the Righteous for the world to come. And only to this old man was a taste given as a result of his (meritorious) deeds in this world and the place was revealed to him. And as it is plain that normally it does not surface to the land and multiply but once in seventy years and then to it is not so easy to obtain because it burrows and hides itself in the earth, and the purpose of the Sifre bringing this incident in connection with its explanation of the treasures hidden in the sand that this refers to the Hillazon, etc. see there. And this is clear and correct due to the help of the Blessed Name.",
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"So too, regarding the Aggadic portion of tractate Babaa Bathra (74b) \"A Heavenly voice proceeded and told them 'What claim do you have in the crates in the house of Rabbi Hanina ben Dosa out of which the Techelet dye will be caste for the Righteous in the World to Come '\", see there. We can not derive from this that the Techelet is now hidden and abrogated, for aside from the esoteric and inner meaning of this as was explained by the commentaries of Mehorasha of blessed memory, we may also explain this simply by saying that being that at the present time (ie. during the time of Rabbi Hanina ben Dosa) this (Techelet) is highly esteemed and is used in the dyeing of royal garments, as Rashi of blessed memory explained and as we quoted earlier in his name, and is therefore sold at high price, because it can only be found after careful and painstaking search, therefore it was said that in the World to Come this Techelet will be available to the Righteous without effort being expended in obtaining it. This is the same as the (Talmudic) statement saying that in the Future the Land of Israel will yield (ready-made) delicate white bread and cloaks of fine wool. Although in the present time these delicate white breads and fine woolen cloaks are also available, albeit for a price corresponding to the labor required to produce them, in the Future Time, these things will be readily available to the Israelites without any labor. So too, although the Techelet is today obtainable only through painstaking laborious search after the Hillazon, it is still nonetheless obtainable, as it was also during the days of the Amoraim as indicated above.",
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"Indeed in Midrash Rabbah Bamidbar (Parshat Shelach, chapter 17) and Tanhuma (ibid) we read: \"And now we have only the white (strings of the Tzitzith), for the Techelet was hidden.\" Aside from the fact that this passage requires elucidation, based on our earlier statement, for how is it that we find no reference or indication in the Talmud to the effect that the Techelet was hidden, this passage is indeed perplexing, for we know that the Midrash was edited during the early period of the Amoraim, by Rav Tanhuma and Rav Ashya Rabbah, and we find explicitly indicated in the Talmud that the Techelet was to be found even among the later Amoraim as indicated in the previously mentioned passage in Menachot (42b) \"Abaye asked Rav Shmuel the son of Rav Yehudah,\" see there. Also see (ibid 43a) \"Mar of Meshke once obtained in the time of Rav Ahai some Techelet,\" see there. We know the opinion of some that Rav Ahai was of the Rabanan Savorai (the Rabbinic period following the Amoraim, sixth-eighth century CE) and in any case, we may derive from the Tosafot in tractate Ketubot (2b) that he was of the last period of Amoraim, for he lived during the time of Rav Ashi. If so, how did the early Amoraim say that the Techelet was hidden?",
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"Even if we may conjecture that term 'hidden' as used in this Midrash was formulated by the Geonim, and did not come from the Amoraim, as we find many instances where the Midrash was augmented by the Geonim or the great Rabbis of a later period such as Rabbi Moshe Hadarshan, it is nonetheless perplexing to me, for it seems that the Techelet was also in use during the time of the Geonim, as we find in the glosses of Rashbad of blessed memory (on Maimonides, Laws of Tzitzith, chapter 1 Law 10) where he indicates that \"Rabbi Natronai Gaon of blessed memory compiled the laws of Tzitzith based on the laws of Techelet\" see there. Also, our Holy Teacher of blessed memory, the author of the Kesef Mishna (commentary on Maimonides,, ibid) indicates that the Gaon Rabbi Shimeon be Hofni compiled a work on the laws of Tzitzith in Arabic, based on the laws of Techelet, see there. We know that the Geonim compiled works only of laws applicable to their own time. Also, it seems that the author of the Aruch (dictionary) on the word 'Hillazon', implies that he saw the Hillazon and knew how to draw a picture of it, see there, as will be elaborated on later, with G-d's help.",
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"We also observe with regard to Maimonides; although in his commentary on the Mishna, at the beginning of the chapter Hatechelet (in tractate Menachot) wrote that \"we are not in possession of it (ie. the Techelet) presently, because we do not know how to dye it since not all blue dyes usable for wool are called by the proper name 'Techelet' only the specific 'Techelet', we therefore can not dye it at this time, and thus we use only the white (strings for Tzitzith),\" and he repeats this in Responsum 46, that now we use only the white (strings), nevertheless, from his later work (Mishna Torah) it is implied that he eventually succeeded in finding the Hillazon and obtaining Techelet, for in Hilchot Tzitzith (chapter 2 Law 2) he provides a list of the distinguishing features of the Hillazon and its blood (as will be elaborated upon later at length) and also describes how it was extracted, and in the process he provides features that find no mention at all in the Talmud, which he would not have known unless he actually obtained it and saw it. Also from his responsum to the sages of Luniel, quoted by the Kesef Mishna where he explains the practical application of the law regarding the Techelet it seems evident that it was available to them and that they conducted themselves in accordance with the Mitzvah of Techelet (on the Tzitzith). Therefore it seems clear that the designation 'was hidden', found in the Midrash does not mean that it was totally unavailable and not to be found at all, only that its use among the Israelites was interrupted due to the great expense and the tribulations and wanderings of the exile, it was unavailable to them, and although some great and esteemed individuals of the generations did succeed in obtaining it, it was referred to as 'hidden'. So too, we must certainly say that in order to explain the passage of the Holy Ari of blessed memory in Pri Etz Haim (Sha'ar Hatzitzith) who associated the reason for the cessation of the Mitzvah of Techelet with the destruction of the Holy Temple, may it be rebuilt quickly in our time, see there the secret of the matter, the Secret of the Lord is for those who fear Him. Since it is clearly evident from many passages that the Mitzvah of Techelet was fulfilled after the Destruction, we must therefore say that his intention of blessed memory is to provide the reason why the mitzvah of Techelet is not so abundantly available for all of Israel.",
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"Thus the abolition of the first claim that says that it is impossible for us to return and fulfill the Mitzvah of Techelet because the Hillazon was hidden is evident since from many examples it is indicated that it was not hidden at all, and that long after the Destruction during the days of the Tanaim and Amoraim, it was available to them, and it is possible indeed almost to the point of certainty, that Maimonides, of blessed memory, also had Techelet. And only afterwards was it forsaken among us due to the exile, which in our many iniquities has increased. And in the Eastern countries it became forbidden for anyone except Royal Nobility as it is written (Esther 8) \"And Mordecai went forth from the presence of the King in Royal apparel, Techelet and white, etc.\" And perhaps Techelet was also forbidden to be placed in Tzitzith, as the lower officials were apt to make additions and be vigilant in all things. Later on I found corroboration to this in Nachmonides' commentary on the Torah (Exodus 28:3)",
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"and yet it seems that although after the destruction of the Temple, Techelet was available to only the treasured individuals of the generations during the time of the Tanaim and Amoraim, and also in the time of the Geonim, as was indicated, and the author of the Holy Sefer Hakaneh Hakadosh seems to have also been acquainted with the Hillazon and had acquired it, being that he gave distinguishing features as will be explained with the help of G-d, when we explicate on the distinguishing features of the Hillazon. However it seems that at the end of the days of the Geonim that it had completely ceased and was not to be found even among the singled out individuals of the generation as appears from Maimonides of blessed memory, from his commentary on the Mishna, and from his Responsum (number 43) that he did not have Techelet because prior to this, since the time of the Destruction, even if the Israelites would become greatly impoverished, and the multitude of Israel was not able to afford to fulfill the Mitzvah of Techelet, nevertheless, the distinguished individuals of the generation were able to obtain the blood of the Hillazon for the Techelet. Since the blood of the Hillazon was also used by the nations of the world, for the Techelet dye of their Royal apparel, for Royalty and Ministers, thus the netting of the Hillazon did occasionally occur. And although it was expensive, nonetheless, it was possible for the distinguished ones of the generation to acquire the Techelet for the sake of the Mitzvah. Because at that time there were Israelites to be found in the Land of Israel, and on the beaches of the Mediterranean where the Hillazon was caught, as will be explained. And afterwards, at the end of the period of the Geonim when the yoke of the exile of the Ishmaelites became heavier upon the Jews, and they were driven from exile to exile, also from the vicinity of the Mediterranean Sea and the Land of Israel as is explained in Nachmonides' epistle, where he of blessed memory, writes that he found the Land of Israel in desolation, with very few Jews living there. And also those left there who were living on the shores of the sea were not expert. And Techelet is only accepted from an expert. And there were many decrees and forced conversions at that time. Add to this also the fact that the nations no longer needed to track the Hillazon for the Techelet dye, because they had begun to use other species to extract the Techelet colored dye. And since that period the Mitzvah of Techelet ceased to be fulfilled. And even among the distinguished ones they were not able to acquire the blood of the Hillazon for the Techelet. However, afterwards, during the days of Maimonides and his generation, after he had completed his commentary on the Mishna, the yoke of the exile became slightly unfastened, and there were during that time many Israelites close to the King, and Maimonides of blessed memory lived near the Mediterranean coast and would travel on the sea to search for the Hillazon based on the distinguishing features derived from the Talmud and Midrashim, as will be explained. And he managed to come across it and fulfill the Mitzvah of Techelet. As is clear from his Code of Law, for he provides additional distinguishing features to those explained in the Talmud. It is only afterwards, when in our iniquities the yoke of the exile became more powerful, to the extent that the Mitzvah of Techelet ceased among us and was completely forgotten. Therefore, even in our time, it is not impossible that after search, based on the distinguishing features mentioned in the Talmud and Midrashim of our sages of blessed memory and from the Geonim of blessed memory, and with the help of G-d, we shall be able to acquire it."
|
41 |
+
],
|
42 |
+
[
|
43 |
+
"The second claim: Although it is explained that even now that the Hillazon did not cease to exist, we may still say that it is impossible for us to return and fulfill the Mitzvah of Techelet as we did originally because we may say that indeed that the color of the dye of the Techelet can be extracted from many types of squid and worms but that the fulfillment of the command of the Torah due to a hidden reason and Arcanum of the reasons for the commandments was that it would be from one specific species of the Hillazon that was known at that time. And since there was a period when the fulfillment of the Mitzvah of Techelet did cease, it may be that the specific species of the Hillazon that the Torah demanded was forgotten among us, and therefore we can not return to fulfill this Mitzvah, unless we would have a prophet who would prophetically tell us in the name of G-d the specific species of Hillazon, so that we would be able to dye from its blood the color Techelet. For otherwise, how would we know that this is the Techelet which the Torah commanded.",
|
44 |
+
"Indeed the response to this claim is clear, that it would have only been the case if the Torah said explicitly that the Techelet had to be from a particular Hillazon, and thus it would have been proper to say that the fulfillment of the command of the Torah, would have been only through the Hillazon that was known then. And even if it would not have been explicitly said thus in the Torah, but we would have found among our sages of blessed memory any place that derived such an idea from their exposition of the Scripture that the Techelet can only be from (a particular) Hillazon. Also we would be able to say that this was accepted as a Sinaitic edict to Moses that it was only from that species of Hillazon known at that time. However, we know that the \"Hillazon\" is not mentioned in the Torah at all, and also we do not find among our sages of blessed memory, that they derived the need for the Hillazon from the exposition of the Scripture and thus wee can not say that they had a tradition for a Sinaitic edict to Moses because anything that is a Sinaitic edict has to be precisely derived from the Scripture as is stated in Jerusalem Talmud tractate Sotah (chapter 5 Law 22) that they know that the \"third\" is disqualified from trumah, and the \"fourth\" (is disqualified from) any Sanctified thing. And this is all derived in the Halachah, see there.",
|
45 |
+
"And this is similar to what Maimonides of blessed memory explained in the introduction to his commentary on the Mishna, that regarding the Ethrog and Lulov we have a tradition from Sinai that they are what is referred to in the verse in the Torah \"The fruit of goodly trees and branches of palm trees\" (Leviticus 23:40), but, they (the authors of the Mishna) wanted to show carefully how it is derived from the Torah, because all of the Halachot are included in the Torah and therefore in any event, that if an Halachah is not found explicitly in the Torah, it is incumbent that it be derived from the (accepted) modes of derivation from the Torah, see there.",
|
46 |
+
"In order to explain the need for the Hillazon to obtain the techelet, that our sages of blessed memory necessitated for us in tractate Menachot (42b) \"We obtain the blood of the Hillazon, etc,\"see there; for indeed why do we need it? The Torah only mentioned \"techelet\", which as clearly as the brightness of the sky, whatever it may be, is definitely a textile dye. And, indeed, the Rabbi, author of Tiferet Yisrael, in his forward to the order Nashim of the Mishna (in the pamphlet entitled 'Bigdei Kodesh') proposes to say that in truth we do not necessarily need that the techelet be derived only from the Hillazon. However, we must not forget the long Braitha in Tosefta Menachot (Chapter 9) \"Techelet is not kosher unless obtained from the Hillazon, if not obtained from the Hillazon it is disqualified\", see there. Also, in explaining the reason for this, Maimonides of blessed memory, in the Laws of Tzitzith (chapter 2:1) stated \"that this is because the dye used must be known to be consistent in its beauty and unchanging\", see there. And the source of his words is Menachot (43a) \"if its likeness departs it is disqualified, if its likeness does not depart it is kosher\", see there. And because it is needed that the Techelet persist in its beauty and be unchanging, for this reason our sages of blessed memory, necessitated that specifically the blood of the Hillazon which is fit for these criteria be used for the Techelet dye, because our sages of blessed memory established that it is not possible that the dye of the Techelet would persist in its beauty and not change unless it be of the blood of the Hillazon.",
|
47 |
+
"This is to say that as is known, an article receives a dye in such a way that its color be sustained therein only if the article and the dye are compatible and of the same type, ie. inanimate object and a dye obtained from an inanimate object, or an article obtained from a vegetative source and a dye obtained from a vegetative source, or an article obtained from a sentient source and a dye obtained from such a source. In such instances they combine well and the color of the dye is sustained in the dyed object. However, if the dyed object is of an order higher than the (source of the) dye itself, ie. the object is sentient and the dye is derived from vegetative sources or if the object is of a vegetative source and the dye is derived from inanimate sources, the object does not combine well with the dye in such a way that the color is sustained, and this is because the object, which is of a higher order than the dye, overpowers the dye and nullifies its power, and therefore its (the color's) likeness becomes dulled as time goes on, and it deteriorates. And at times, also when the dye is of a higher order than the dyed object they do not combine well and the object does not have the power to adequately receive the likeness of the dye. For example, regarding the Ishmaelite red (called Turkish red) dye it was not known how to dye cotton with it because the dye is very subtle (thin) and it derives from animal sources, whereas the object dyed (cotton) derives from vegetable sources and therefore they do not combine well. However, the Ishmaelites possessed a secret process that enabled cotton to be dyed with this animal dye, and the Turkish Empire, whose expertise in dying has a long history, after long experimentation found a process whereby cotton, after being left for many weeks in sheep dung in order that the cotton receive within it the attribute of heat from animal product which contains within it the attribute of animal heat so that the dye and the object to be dyed would be of the same order and power so that they may adequately merge. Without such a process the cotton would not be able to receive the dye.",
|
48 |
+
"And in such instances where it appears that objects derived from animal sources are dyed with vegetable dyes or dyes that come from mineral sources and the dye is well received, as in the tanning of hides etc. (We do not regard this as) dyeing at all, rather it is actually a process like that of burning or deterioration or that it is a case of the dye being a \"glued on\" substance so that it does not combine with the object but is a \"print\", as it were, which contains many properties of a glue and through this it is received and sticks to the object. However, as for a clear and pure likeness, it is impossible the dyed object would sustain the dye so that it would not change, unless the dye and the dyed object are of the same order, as we have said.",
|
49 |
+
"Therefore, indeed up to this day, since the times that the dyeing of the Techelet from the blood of the Hillazon had ceased, we do not possess a Techelet dye derived from animal sources, and the dye derived from \"Kla Ilan\" (a vegetable source called India dye), although it possesses a deep hue, and within the dye are also substances that burn and cause deterioration, none the less it does not sustain itself well, and evidently, when a bright dye is made from it it does not sustain itself, and its changeability and fading over time is observable.",
|
50 |
+
"And since the Torah enjoined us that the Techelet dye must be sustainable over time so that it does not change, our sages of blessed memory necessitated that (the Techelet) be derived from the Hillazon for then it would certainly sustain its beautiful likeness and would not change.",
|
51 |
+
"It is true and I will not deny that also dyes coming from animals such as the known red dye, which comes from animal sources, it is impossible that it would not change, and its likeness fade with time as the sun would shine upon it many times. Indeed, it is not our intention when we say that the color of the dye is sustained, that it would not change under the conditions of an act that causes it to diminish and to remove the dye from that which is dyed, because his is something that is impossible for the senses bare witness that the nature of the light of the sun is to remove and diminish the material which forms the basis of all dyes as we actually see that even something that is covered with gold and is actually plated with gold, just that the plating is the thinnest if it stands many days in the light of the sun. The domain of diminishment and loss would rule over it as is the nature of any matter existing that becomes diminished. And because of this its likeness would change. And so too, we know from experience that the smoke of sulfur removes and diminishes all colors even the colors that nature put into substances, as is known from experimentation that if something that is dyed well with a red dye that lasts is taken and placed inside a closed vessel filled with sulfur smoke, after its removed it would be white like snow. And so did we find in tractate Niddah (62a that soap also removes color, see there.",
|
52 |
+
"Yet our intention when we say that the dye lasts is that in and of itself it does not change due to length of time without any other cause, and for this criterion the test through the various ingredients mentioned in tractate Menachot (ibid) would be the determinant. Because a dye that would not sustain itself in and of itself, and fade with the passing of time, would also fade and become ruined through the test mentioned there. And the dye that would in and of itself be sustained, and would not fade with the passing of time would also not fade through the method of testing mentioned there.",
|
53 |
+
"However, this itself is in need of explanation: how do our sages of blessed memory know regarding the techelet mentioned in the Biblical Command that its beauty needs to be sustained and that it does not change? And we can not say that it is because the Torah mentioned Techelet, that we need the choicest of the class of Techelet, and this implies that the choicest of the class would sustain its beauty and not change because this is not the case. For although it is true that we definitely need the choicest of the class, this would only be the case in fulfilling the Mitzvah in its best way, but not that this criterion would stand in the way of fulfilling the Commandment. And like all of the other Mitzvoth of the Torah such as the Mitzvah of animal sacrifices and similar Mitzvoth, that we also need the choicest. This is only at the outset, in order to perform the Mitzvah in the best possible way, but no that it should disqualify the Mitzvah post facto. And why here do we say that if the Techelet does not come from the Hillazon it is disqualified?",
|
54 |
+
"Yet it seems that since the Torah commanded us to use Techelet in the making of the Tabernacle and the Priestly Garments, and we have established in tractate Zevachim (18b) that for that Mitzvah we need that (the materials used for the Tabernacle) should be new and if they are defaced or filthy they are disqualified, see there. If so, evidently, if the likeness of their dyed state is faded they would be considered defaced and would be disqualified. And therefore, necessarily, the commandment of the Torah regarding the Techelet for the Priestly Garments was that it should sustain its beauty and not change, for we can not say that indeed for the Techelet of the Priestly Garments it was not necessary that its beauty be sustained and not change. And indeed, as of when the likeness of the dye fades it becomes disqualified and new garments would be made, for this is not the case. For the Torah said (Exodus 29) \"And the Holy Garments of Aaron shall be for his sons after him.\" And indeed if the dye is not one that sustains its beauty, and it changes in and of itself, and fades, the fading would occur immediately from the beginning, and it would continue to fade. And indeed, we certainly need that the Techelet dye of the Priestly Garments be of a dye that sustains its beauty and does not change. And therefore we would say that wherever the Torah requires Techelet, it would need to sustain its beauty and not change. And therefore our sages, of blessed memory, required the Hillazon for the Techelet.",
|
55 |
+
"And although the Rabbi (author of) Tiferet Yisrael in his introduction (ibid) stated that it was quite clear to him that for the Priestly Garments and the Mishkan (Tabernacle), they did not have the Hillazon for the Techelet at all, and stated as a reference Jerusalem Talmud tractate Shabbat (chapter 7, Law 2), see there. Indeed, he had forgotten a long section in the Babylonian Talmud tractate Shabbat (74b) \"Tying in the Tabernacle, where was it done? etc. Those who caught the Hillazon tied and untied,\" see there. Thus we see clearly that the Hillazon was in the Tabernacle. And although there is an indication from the Jerusalem Talmud to the opposite effect, we are not to forsake the simple meaning of the Babylonian Talmud in the place of the Jerusalem Talmud. And indeed, from the Jerusalem Talmud we can not really bring proof, for this is the quote from the Jerusalem Talmud, \"One who captures the Hillazon and splits it open (on Shabbat) there are those who learn that you are obligated for two violations and there are hose who learn that you are obligated for one violation. As for those who say two; one is for capturing, and one is because of taking the soul. The one who says one; the very thing is the taking of the soul.\" And he does not regard the prohibition of capturing, and goes according to what Rav the son of Rabbi Yosa, Rabbi Abahu, and Rabbi Shimon be Lahish in the name of Rabbi Meir said, \"The Holy One, blessed be He, created a ritually clean animal for Moses in the desert. After Moses used it for the making of the Tabernacle, it was hidden.\" And the Korban Edah says \"He does not consider 'capture' because one is not in violation of capture because of the fact that it is not one of the main categories of principle acts in violation of the Shabbat because the occupation of trapping was not used in the construction of the Mishkan at all because certainly the Hillazon used for the Techelet was not found in the desert, since the Hillazon is only found in Israel, in the land occupied by the tribe of Zevulun. And the nation of Israel had Techelet from Egypt, and as far as the animals, ie. the rams needed for the skins, they did not need to resort to hunting. As for the Tahashim, there are those who say that they needed to be captured, and there are those who say like the one who says that G-d created a ritually clean animal, etc. If so, for them you certainly did not need hunting. Since it was only created for Moses, and came to him. Therefore, there is no hunting. An alternative explanation; For \"He does not consider hunting (the second opinion of the Jerusalem Talmud) because one does not violate the Shabbat Law, and he holds according to \"...etc. In other words if we say \"there is no capture with regard to the Hillazon\", if so, in what instance was their capture in the construction of the Tabernacle? For among domesticated animals there is no capture, therefore we have to say that he holds according to Rabbi, and there was an undomesticated animal there (created for Moses) that needed to be captured.\" And see who explains this (section of the Jerusalem Talmud) according to the first explanation of the Korban Edah but in a slightly different manner of explanation, see there.",
|
56 |
+
"Now according to the second explanation of the Korban Edah, there is no indication at all from the Jerusalem Talmud that implies that they did not use the Hillazon for the Techelet in the desert, it is just that the Rabbi, author of Tiferet Yisrael, considered the first explanation of the Korban Edah as the essential one because through it we can answer the question of Tosafot, tractate Shabbat (75a, end of section \"He who captures\") who left the question with the remark \"needs pondering\" on the contradiction in the Talmud from the fact that here it is implied that capture was needed to obtain the Hillazon whereas in the Jerusalem Talmud it appears that one who captures the Hillazon is not obligated for the Shabbat violation of 'capture'. Now according to the first explanation of the Korban Edah, we can say that in actuality, also according to the Jerusalem Talmud, there is the instance of capture of the Hillazon and the fact that one does not violate the Shabbat at all with any type of capture, even the capture of undomesticated animals. Whereas it appeared according to the Rabbi, author of Tiferet Yisrael, of blessed memory, that one does violate the Shabbat by capturing according to the works enumerated regarding the 39 main types of work in constructing the Tabernacle. Nevertheless, how does he delete that which is stated in the Mishnah that one does not violate the Shabbat. Therefore it appears to my impoverished state of knowledge that the correct version is that one does not violate the Shabbat with capturing. And it appears that when it is in the sea capturing applies to it, but when it emerges to the mountains it is captured and stands in one spot. And even though it is explained in the Sefer Chinoch that it is difficult to capture it because when it emerges to the mountains it is its way to dig its tentacles into the earth, nevertheless, capturing does not apply to it for it is captured while standing in one place. And according to the one who says in the Jerusalem Talmud that one who captures and punctures is only obligated for one violation of the Shabbat. That is for killing, not for capturing, meaning to say that one is not obligated for the violation of capturing the chilazon even in a case where it is captured. The chilazon was miraculously found in the desert and was captured while on dry land and was not moving. Therefore since during the construction of the Tabernacle there was no capturing, therefore he is not obligated even when capturing takes place in the usual manner. For specifically, other creatures that were not needed in the construction of the Tabernacle one is obligated for their capture. We learn this from the capturing of the seal which was needed for the construction of the Tabernacle.",
|
57 |
+
"",
|
58 |
+
"For even though it was created by Hashem miraculously for them in the desert but nevertheless it was necesary for them to capture it. For the miracle was only its creation, but the chilazon since it was used for the Tabernacle without capturing it, it is considered that any species of the kind is not considered to be captured, and we do not learn out the violation of capturing from the capture of the seal. And regarding that which is explained in the Jerusalem Talmud that we can learn out the capture of chilazon from the capture of the seal, for even though the chilazon stood still and was captured, nevertheless, capturing pertains to it and its capture is no worse than the capture of other creatures. This difference of opinion is in theory only and not in reality. Look into the Response of Ridbaz (chapter 685) and later on in our words regarding the nullification of the fourth objection.",
|
59 |
+
"And futhermore it is understood from the words of our sages of blessed memory that the techelet regarding that which the Torah has enjoined us must retain its original beauty and not fade in color, this can be learned from the passage in Exodus 28 where it is written 'completely techelet'. And when this color fades it is not completely techelet. And as Rabbi Chanina the son of Rabbi Gamliel expounded regarding a blemish which makes it inadequate for use (Menachot 42b). And even though Rabbi Yohanon the son of Dahavai disagrees there and says that even the second appearance of the color of techelet is fit for use, that means only at the begining of the dyeing process, but once it has been dyed for the Mitzvah and then it fades and continues to get lighter in color so then certainly it is not considered to be completely techelet and it must retain its original beauty and not change. For if its color is not one that retains its original beauty and does change then certainly it is not fit for use as soon as it begins to fade from its original color and changes. Therefore when the Torah states completelytechelet then certainly it means that it must retain its original beauty and not change. For the techelet of the tzitzith is learned out from the techelet of the priestly garments, for all techelet mentioned in the Torah must retain its original beauty and not change. Therefore the sages of blessed memory needed the chilazon that was known to them, for the color of techelet from any other species does not retain its original beauty and fades.",
|
60 |
+
"This being so that the necessity of the Hillazon in the Techelet is not dependent on a passage in the Torah or the strict letter of the law or a law without reason (Halachah), but rather is derived and based on the theory that the color should remain in its state of beauty and be unchangeable; this being true, if after searching we would be able to find the blood of any kind of Hillazon that would enable us to properly dye the color of Techelet which would retain its original beauty and would not fade, then certainly we would be able to fulfill the commandment of Techelet without any doubt. For what is the difference if the sage of blessed memory were insistent on one particular Hillazon that was known specifically, we must say that it was understood by Chazal, our sages of blessed memory, that there is no other Hillazon in the world or for that matter any other creature that can be used to dye the Techelet in a way that its color would retain the original beauty and would not fade. Therefore the Hillazon we have found is the very same Hillazon that the sages of blessed memory intended; for we see that we are able to dye with its blood the color of Techelet and it's color retain the original beauty and does not fade. And if this is a different Hillazon or creature than the one our sages of blessed memory spoke of we still must say that Chazal were not insistent on one particular kind of Hillazon that was known specifically but rather the law is that all type of Hillazon and snails that would enable us to dye with their blood the color of Techelet and would retain its original beauty and not fade is permissible, but to exclude the Hillazon which is not permissible, that it is that which grows (vegetable) or is inanimate, for the essence of the necessity of the Hillazon for Techelet is not based on a law without reason but rather is specifically based on the reason that the color will retain its original beauty and will not fade.",
|
61 |
+
"A proof for all this can be derived from the section in Tractate Menachot 42b. R. Itzhak the son of R. Yehudah used to test it (the Techelet) thus: He used to mix together liquid alum, juice of fenugreek, and urine of a forty day old child (or that had been kept for 40 days) and soak (The blue thread in it overnight until the morning, if the color faded it is invalid but if not it is valid. Now if the necessity of the Molusc in the Techelet is derived from a specific passage or is the Halacha (law) that it is a specific kind of Molusc that is known then what good is the test for even if it does not fade in color and is known that the color is not Klai Ilan (imitation techelet) perhaps the color is from the blood of a different Molusc and not the same Molusc that the Torah is stringent about. But surely the reason for the necessity of the Hillazon in the Techelet is derived from careful reasoning and theory as is mentioned above that the color should retain its original beauty and not fade away and therefore the test is an effective one, for even if the Sages of blessed memory were stringent regarding one particular Molusc that exists because in any other species of Molusc the color fades and does not retain its original beauty then the test proves that this is the Molusc which the Sages of blessed memory spoke of. And if this color comes from a different Molusc that the sage did not speak of we must say that the Sage of blessed memory did not specify one particular kind of Hillazon that was known specifically as we mentioned before. Therefore the second objection is rejected and with G-d's help will be further clarified with the rejection of the third objection."
|
62 |
+
],
|
63 |
+
[
|
64 |
+
"The third objection. For even if we could attain any Hillazon that would enable us to dye with its blood the color of Techelet and as we have explained that since we are able to dye the color Techelet that retains its original beauty and does not fade away then certainly this is kosher for Techelet as we mentioned above. But how is it possible to know that this dye is a color that remain unchanged in its beauty and color. If this being the only proof that it is actually Techelet we must know for sure that this Hillazon is the one that the Sages of blessed memory spoke of that is that retain its original beauty and color.",
|
65 |
+
"There are two reasons we can reject this objection.",
|
66 |
+
"One:<br>For it is possible to know this from the test which is explained in Tractate Menacot 42 B. R. Isaac the son of R. Judah used to test it thus: He used to mix together liquid alum, juice of fenugreek, and urine of forty day old child (or that had been kept for forty days) and soaked (the Techelet) in it overnight until the morning; if the color faded it is invalid but if not it is valid. Moreover, R. Adda stated the following test before Raba in the name of R. Avira. One should take a piece of hard leavened dough of barleymeal and bake it with the thread of Techelet inside. If the color improved it is valid but if it deteriorated it is invalid. We must therefore say that one test supplement the other thus: if the test of R. Essau the son of R. Judah had been applied and the color had not faded it is certainly valid, but if the color had faded, we should test it by R. Addis' test by baking it in a hard piece of leavened dough; if its color improved it is valid but if it deteriorated it is invalid. A message was sent from Palestine/Israel saying. The test supplement each other and such the Halacha law is accepted according the Maimonides Rambam law of Tzizith (Halachos).",
|
67 |
+
"It is true that the Rav, the author of Tiferet Israel rejects this test mentioned in the Talmud and wrote that we are not expert enough regarding these ingredients that the Talmud mentions to test the unchangeability of the color. For the ingredients liquid alum, and juice of fenugreek which the Talmud mentions is the subject of debate by Rashi v. Rambam. Nonetheless while asking forgiveness from the honorable Tiferet Israel and his high level of Torah knowledge he reached it is wondrous that he says no one is expert in regard to these ingredients especially since none of the earlier sages ever said such a thing. Just because he was not expert in these ingredients is it fair to decree that no one else is. I in my humility have become expert in the names and their nature be it according to Rashi or be it according to Rambam. And that which he wrote the Rashi and Rambam differ in regards to what liquid alum and juice of fenugreek is he forgot that they also have different opinions in regards to the second test mentioned in the Talmud. That is Rashi says it is hard leavening whereas Rambam says it is dough. But that still presents no problem for it is possible to do the test according to both opinion ie. Rashi and Rambam. And it can be said that these ingredients that I have found to be the true ingredient can be clarified form the abundant wisdom of our sages in other places. Therefore it is possible to verify regarding the Hillazon we have found it in the process of dyeing, the color retain its original beauty and does not fade and pass the test of mentioned in the Talmud. It too is a rejection to the second objection for even if the necessity for a particular Hillazon as explicitly mentioned in the Torah so certainly through the test if it proves positive then this must be the Hillazon regarding which the Torah enjoined us. For if it was not the test would not prove positive. That is the reason the test is mentioned in the Talmud, to clarify if the Techelet is from the blood of the Hillazon and therefore fit for use or from some other species and therefore unfit. And this is clear. It is all one reason.",
|
68 |
+
"Secondly<br>even without testing at all it appears in my limited knowledge clear that if we were able to attain the Hillazon to dye with its blood the Techelet and there would be found in this Techelet all the signs and treasures that the Sages of blessed memory have given us regarding that Hillazon that they spoke of, then again, we not be at all doubtful that certainly this is the very same Hillazon the sages of blessed memory had intended. And the sage of blessed memory gave us signs regarding this Hillazon in Tractate Menachot 44. Our Rabbis taught: The Hillazon resembles the sea in its color (its essence ie. its blood) and in shape resembles a fish etc. And it seems clear that our sages gave us clear signs regarding the Hillazon for in their wisdom they saw that because of our exiles and the great expense in attaining it that it was almost certain that we would forget which is the correct Hillazon. Therefore they drew a clear picture for us and gave us all the sure signs of its identification so we would know how to search for it with G-d's help. You should know that Rambam (may his memory be a blessing) in Mishnah Torah copied this Braitha - And it is a known thing that Rambam does not bring in Aggadic material unless it has relevance to the law. So we must certainly say that it is a law that we can depend on the reliability of these signs that this is the Hillazon whose blood is kosher fit for dyeing the Techelet. (And in our lowly state) we have found many more signs and treasures regarding the Hillazon which are scattered throughout the words of our Sages of blessed memory. And the Rambam of blessed memory expounded and found other signs that were not mentioned in the Talmud. From this I can assume and judge that Rambam recognized and saw the Hillazon as is mentioned above. From this it appears quite clearly that when we are able to attain the kind of Hillazon which has all the signs that with G-d's help we shall clarify that beyond a shadow of a doubt that even without doing the test mentioned in the Talmud, it is kosher. The reason for the test is if we have a doubt whether this is really the blood of the Hillazon, but when it is clear to us that this is the correct type of blood there is not necessity for the test. This is also a rejection of the end objection for even if it was explicitly stated in the Torah the necessity for the Hillazon in Techelet and there was a stringency regarding a particular kind of Hillazon that specifically is known, so too if the Hillazon we find matches the correct sign this must be the very same Hillazon. And in truth from the Braitha what gives us the signs of the Hillazon it appears that actually any Hillazon which does not have these signs even if its possible to dye with the blood the color Techelet it is not kosher ( fit for use). And we must say that Hillazon that does not have these signs, the blood used for that we can learn dyeing does not retain its original beauty and it fades away."
|
69 |
+
],
|
70 |
+
[
|
71 |
+
"The fourth objection: Why should one search in vain for the Hillazon without benefit for even if we would attain this way Hillazon that the Sages of blessed memory intended and we could recognize it according to its signs that is with all certainty the correct Hillazon we still would not be able to use its blood to dye the Techelet, because the Sages of blessed memory have already said in Tractate Megillah (6a) that everyone needs you (Zevulun) because of the chilazon. Judges (5) What is the reason because Naftali received as their portion in the land of Israel the high places of the fields. Zevulun said before G-d, Master of the Universe you have given unto my brother the fields and the vineyards and unto me you have given mountain valleys. To my brother you have given him lands and unto me you have given the seas and the rivers. G-d answered him saying, Because of the Hillazon everyone needs you as it is said in Devarim(33). The nations will call upon the mountains and the hidden treasures of the sand. Rav Yosef taught the \"hidden is the Hillazon and the treasures are clear glass (crystal). Zevulun said before G-d 'Who will make it known to me that this is true. Hashem answered him and said There they will offer their righteous sacrifices (ibid). This will be your sign 'Whom takes from you without payment will not be successful in his business - and Rashi explains that if he takes the amount of Hillazon which is worth a Prutah (a small coin) without renumeration for it the color will be ruined and will not be of any benefit at all, Therefore even if we could attain the proper Hillazon we would be taking it without paying for it to the tribe of Zevulun for we have been exiled from our land and Zevulun is not in their inherited place that we are able to pay them therefore the color will be of no benefit and why should we toil in vain. Therefore even if it seems to us (to the naked eye) that we would be able to dye with its blood the color of Techelet we must be forced to say that we are mistaken for certainly the words of our Sages of Blessed memory are alive and everlasting.",
|
72 |
+
"Nevertheless, this objection is overruled: First of all after the destruction of the Holy Temple during the time of the Tannaim (the sages of the Mishnaic era) and the Amoraim (the sage of the Talmudic era) and the Gaonim (the sage of the post Talmudic era) Techelet was found. And at that point we were already exiled from our land and it was impossible to pay the tribe of Zevulun for the Hillazon, so therefore only when Israel were dwelling on their land and each tribe was living on their appointed portion and the Hillazon was in the portion of Zevulun and then if one took the Hillazon without the knowledge of Zevulun and without payment it was considered as theft, it was during that period of time specifically that the promise was made as can be learned from the text, there they will offer up the sacrifices of righteousness (that is regarding theft). But because of our transgression, since we have been exiled from our land and the nations have gained a foothold in all of the land of Israel until the end of days when He will return us and have compassion upon us and bring us back to Zion with exultation speedily in our, time this promise is not pertinent for the tribe of Zevulun does not dwell there but we can say its theft. And furthermore even when Israel was dwelling on their land only if the Hillazon that went up to the mountains in the portion of Zevulun was taken without payment then the dyeing process would not work and would be of no avail for it would be considered as theft. But in truth the Hillazon is found in all the western and Mediterranean seas but can only be caught with difficulty, Whereas in the portion of Zevulun the Hillazon rose from the sea unto its mountains that sloped to the sea and there would multiply and would easily be caught as well be explained with G-d's help. It appears that certainly if the Hillazon would be caught from the sea even in the portion of Zevulun without payment the dye would not be ruined. and this is what Rashi explains (ibid). Everyone will need you, all your brothers will need you for the Hillazon that rises from the sea unto the mountains, the nations will call out to the mountains. From all the tribes they will gather together on your mountains to bury the Hidden Treasures of the sand. This is said only regarding the rest of other tribes that the Hillazon was found in the portion of Zevulun because they would go up to his mountains or we mentioned above, and all the tribes needed him to buy form him the Techelet. But certainly the Techelet was found in all the western and Mediterranean seas and all the nations that encamped by the sea had the Hillazon and is written in the text in (Yechezkiel 27) Techelet and argamon are from Islands of Alisha etc. The majority of Techelet was from the island of Alisha and the merchants of Shva, Asher and Kalmud-- and was not considered part of the land of Israels Techelet. For in truth they only had enough to supply themselves with garments for the royalty, princes and priests and for the fulfillment of the precept of Techelet but they did not have enough Techelet to sell to the outside world. If this being so how is it that the dyeing process was successful if they took the Hillazon without paying for it and did not offer it from the tribe of Zevulun, but certainly we mentioned above that where was trapped within the portion of Zevulun would not be ruined. And it also appears from what is learned in Tractate Sotah (46B) regarding the following passage in (Judges 1) And the man went to the land of the Chittim and he built a city and called its name Luz and this is its name till this very day. The Midrash in Breshit Rabba explains that Luz is where the Techelet was dyed. The city in the land of the Chittim appears to not have been inhabited by the Jews for it is not part of the land of Israel and it was a place where the Techelet was found and the dyeing process successfully done. Even though they did not pay the tribe of Zevulun for it that is as mentioned above because it was not taken from his portion and all this is clear and correct.",
|
73 |
+
"I have found support for all we have said from our teacher the Ridbaz, may his memory be a blessing in responsa #685 and this is his holy language.",
|
74 |
+
"The question arose as we have learned in Tractate Sabbath that the trappers of the Hillazon tied the nets and untied them to trap them. You have asked from where did they have Hillazon that they were able to trap, was it not found only in the portion of Zevulun and was it possible to come to the land of Israel to trap it.'",
|
75 |
+
"The answer is this is not necessary for the Hillazon that was found in the sea and in the portion of Zevulun would emerge by itself form the sea to dry land and then they would gather it. And after Israel was exiled the Hillazon would not emerge and --- left in Israel from the impoverished of the nation to trap the Hillazon which means that trapping was a necessity. So too in the making of the Tabernacle they were close to the Red sea for from Mt. Sinai to the Red Sea was a short distance and they would go the Red sea and would trap the Hillazon for it was found there. It's not necessary to say the same thing regarding the Hillazon as we said about the seal skin that is was not to be found for the chilazon is to be found and it is possible that till this very day it is found but we do not recognize it or we do not know how to trap it. Also because we do not need it because the color that resembles techelet can be found in abundance that is the color ' Astis' which is called in Arabic 'nil and they dye it professionally that even ironing does not fade it. Till here his holy words.",
|
76 |
+
"This is certainly support to our words from the great scholar the Ridbaz. And we who can not compare to the greatness of the Rabbis in the previous generations do not be amazed at all that they did not arouse themselves to search for the chilazon. For we have found in the book of Kings (2,18) that the brass serpant that Moses made was destroyed for until that time the children of Israel were sacrificing unto it and called it Nechushtan. Regarding this it says in tractate Chullin ( 6b) Is it possible that Asa came and did not annihilate it, that Yehosafat came and did not annihilate it and yet all the other forms of idol worship in the world Asa and Yehosafat annihilated. Yet G-d did not arouse these great righteous men to annihilate it even though it was a great stumbling block to the Jews so that Ch----- could come and be on guard against it and it was hidden from them that it is permited to destroy the brass serpent as it is written in the Tosafot ibid 7. So too even more so it can be derived from a fortuori reasoning in our case when we are speaking only of the prevention of doing one positive mitzvah that we can say that it is from G-d that it be hidden from the giants of the previous generations the possibility of finding the chilazon in our time in order to leave place for the one who is ready to actualize this potentiality and to be on the guard regarding it.",
|
77 |
+
"",
|
78 |
+
"",
|
79 |
+
"",
|
80 |
+
"G-d gave a boundary for everything saying till here you shall approach and G-d in his abundant mercy left place for even the least of the least to gird themselves and make fences as the holy Rabbi, Reb Yehudah Hanassi said in the tractate Megillah (28) those that comeafter you shall lead the flock. For if the whole of the Torah was revealed only to the earlier sages there would be no room left for the later generations to be innovative in the Torah of G-d.",
|
81 |
+
"And since I have seen that it has come to me without specifically planning it through many different reasons to be aroused regarding this subject and I saw that it is from heaven that it can be revealed to us for there is hope that we can return to fulfill the Mitzvah of Techelet as was done originally, I said perhaps G-d has left place for even the least of the least like me to bring me merit regarding this commandment that will bring merit to the many through me and I will be amidst those who bring merit to the many.",
|
82 |
+
"Therefore I girded my loins to search for the hidden treasure in the sand. And I said first I will search and seek out to expound to understand in our Holy Torah since all the hidden treasures are all hidden in the Torah. And as we have found that even the end of the Babylonian exile was hidden in the Torah as is written in Tractate Megillah (12a) as he said I understand but was actually mistaken and only if that exact moment that G-d had appointed only then was it revealed and also the place of the Holy Temple was hidden in the Torah in the book of Joshua until David came and it was revealed to him as is explained in Tractate Zevachim 54B . And also regarding the building of the second Temple it says there ibid (62a) regarding the altar the Men of the Great Assembly expounded and Solomon did not understand to expound upon it and also the light of the sixth day of creation that was hidden in the Torah was hidden as is explained in the Holy Zohar and the Sefer Habahir 6B. Therefore I have put it in my heart before anything else to find all the signs regarding the Hillazon in the writing of the Sages of Blessed Memory. And through their words there will be place before one of my lowly state or to all those that the King of the world whose name is blessed desires to bring merit to the many through him to search for it. And when there will be found a creature that has all the signs it will be already known that this creature is certainly the Hillazon. May it be his will that I shall not stumble in the way of the Halacha (law)."
|
83 |
+
]
|
84 |
+
],
|
85 |
+
"The signs according to Chazal": {
|
86 |
+
"Where the Hillazon can be found": [
|
87 |
+
"The Explanation of where the Hillazon can be found",
|
88 |
+
"Even though it appears from the first outlook that the place the Hillazon is found is in the mountains so is stated in Tractate Sanhedrin (91a) 'He went up to the mountains and saw that today there was only one Hillazon, the next day it rained and the mountain was filled with Hillazon. And in truth in Tractate Menachot (44a) it says they emerge once in seventy years - Rashi explains: it emerges from the land and only in the mountain in the territory of Zevulun.",
|
89 |
+
"Yet we find that Rashi of Blessed Memory himself explain in Tractate Megillah (6a) that the Hillazon emerge from the sea unto the mountains and also explained in Tractate Sanhedrin (91a) and Tractate Chullin 99A regarding that which is said that Techelet resembles the sea that Rashi explain that the Hillazon arises from the sea. And so it is explained according to Rambam (Maimonides) of Blessed Memory. The laws of Tzizith Chapter 2 Halacha II and this is his language. And it can be found in the Dead Sea. And it appears that they learned to say this from the words of the Midrash which states that there is a place in the sea which is amidst the mountains, we learn from this that the Hillazon is from the sea but it emerges from the sea to the mountain amidst the sea. And we have said previously in (refutation to the 4th objection) that its place is in all the western sea and the Mediterranean but in the portion of Zevulun it would emerge from the sea to its mountains that sloped towards the sea and would multiply these. And that which Rashi says in Tractate Menachot that it emerges from the land that means to say that there when it emerges from the sea to the mountain it multiplies.",
|
90 |
+
"And the Torah of Truth was upon their lips for it is explained in the Zohar (Beshalach 48B) that the Hillazon is found in the sea.",
|
91 |
+
"",
|
92 |
+
"The fact that Rambam calls in the Salt sea which is certainly not in the portion of Zevulun can be answered simply by saying that this is the name the Rambam call all the seas that are salty."
|
93 |
+
],
|
94 |
+
"The signs of the Hillazon": [
|
95 |
+
"The signs of the Hillazon",
|
96 |
+
"1. The color of the body of the Hillazon resembles the color of the sea as the Rabbis in Tractate Menachot (44A) taught that the color of the Hillazon resembles the color of the sea. Rashi explains that the Hillazon emerges from the sea and the Techelet resembles the sea, that is to say that the sea it is found in and that it emerges from is the cause of its color.",
|
97 |
+
"2. The Hillazon which has a soft flesh and moves above the water by way of its fins resembles a fish but since it can multiply on dry land it is not considered to be a fish. It has characteristics that resemble the fish but cannot be considered to be an actual fish.",
|
98 |
+
"3. The Hillazon has veins and bones as is proved from the Jerusalem Talmud in Tractate Shabbat Chapter I, Halacha III.",
|
99 |
+
"",
|
100 |
+
"",
|
101 |
+
"4. The Hillazon has a hard shell and covering that grows with it. The reason we know that the shell is hard is because the expression to wound is used regarding it and only that which has a hard shell can we use the expression to wound.",
|
102 |
+
"5. The Hillazon has coming out from its head bent threads like hooks that are put on chains so long them on the wall. That is the reason that these very same bent hooks are called Hillazon. There is evidence to this, so the Aruch in the first book he wrote, drew a picture of the Hillazon. It can be understood from this that he knew what it looked like and he knew that the threads coming out of the head are like bent hooks on the top of the chain.",
|
103 |
+
"6. There must be found in the Hillazon organs or fringe like extensions that resemble the snake. Upon the organs there are red flesh-like blisters. This is the reason that the red blister in the eye are called Hillazon and Snake.",
|
104 |
+
"7. The Rambam in the laws of Tzizith Chapter II Halacha II gives in the sign to recognize the Hillazon and this is his holy words. Its a fish whose color resembles that of Techelet and whose blood is black as ink. I have found no source in the Talmud in support of Rambam words that its blood is black as ink. And it appears from this that after Rambam wrote his commentary on the Mishnah he toiled and labored until he found the Hillazon according to the signs mentioned in the words of our Sages of Blessed Memory and fulfilled the Precept Mitzvah of Techelet. Then he proceeded to enumerate other signs that could be found in it such as its black ink like blood. He though that perhaps it would be forgotten this would make it easier for one who desired to search for it and be able to find it without giving up. For if Rambam did not make it known to us (regarding its black blood) we would search for it relying solely on the signs in the Talmud. And even if we would find it we would lose hope saying that since its blood is black this is certainly not the Hillazon needed to dye the Techelet, Therefore he made it known to us that in truth its blood is black and only by adding of the substances is it possible to dye it the color of Techelet.",
|
105 |
+
"Rashi in Tractate Chullin (89A) seems to disagree with this Rambam for the sages that the appearances of its blood resembles the sea and we see that the sea resembles the firmament. Its probable to say that Rashi did not recognize nor see the Hillazon but rather deduced it theoretically. But still it is amazing to say that even though a theoretical deduction he did not arrive at the truth. Therefore it appears that in truth Rashis intention is not regarding the blood itself, but rather the color that appears from dyeing with the blood. That is to say that Rashi was careful with the use of his holy words when he said the appearance of its blood and did not say just its blood resemble the sea, for in truth its blood is black as ink and does not resemble the sea. ",
|
106 |
+
"8. It has been explained already that the Hillazon emerges from the sea to the mountains. And it is written in the holy book before Hakaneh in the laws of Tzizith, that immediately upon emerging it is entrenched in the earth and there it procreates. And he concludes by saying that it is rooted there and its head is outside. It can be understood from this that it is the way of the Hillazon to dig and to bury itself in the earth. Rashi in Tractate Megillah (6A) who wants us to understand each word the Talmud explains according to the order of the words in the passage explains the word S'funei as importance rather than buried which fits in both according to the simple meaning of the passage. ",
|
107 |
+
"9. The Hillazon has two kinds of blood one which exudes from it and one which is contained it its organs. ",
|
108 |
+
"10. In essence the Hillazon is found in the sea but it also emerges to dry land upon the mountains the slope into the sex and is able to survive there. When it is in the sea it must be trapped but when it emerges on dry land it is trapped and just stands there, and this is explained according to the explanation of the refutation of the second and fourth objections."
|
109 |
+
],
|
110 |
+
"The appearance of the Techelet": [
|
111 |
+
"The appearance of the Techelet",
|
112 |
+
"According to Rashi of Blessed Memory the color of Techelet resembles the firmament as it blackens towards evening which is in agreement with Rambam of Blessed Memory who says that the Techelet must lean towards and have a fringe of blackness. And behold, since G-d whose name is blessed has helped us to clarify the signs through which the Hillazon can be recognized, and I have spoken with many of the Sages of the Torah and spiritual giants of Israel and they have agreed with my words, it is incumbent upon all those who have strength to search for it, to bring merit to the nation of Israel with the precept (Mitzvah) which has been forgotten from Israel many hundreds of years. And anyone who merits to this will be blessed by the Lord, the G-d of Israel. And I in my lowliness have begun this process and have sent to the shores of the Mediterranean sea. This creature has been brought to me and it is of the species that are called inkfish what include 19 different kinds. It appears to me that in one of these species can be found all the signs that are mentioned previously as explained according to the words of our sages of Blessed Memory also its blood which is black as ink is under my hand. Nevertheless all the chemists have not been successful in extracting its blood. And if G-d will help me to come to the shores of the Mediterranean sea and be able to attain it unlike it is still alive if G-d so desires I will try with the help of G-d who is blessed to extract from it the color of Techelet. And I will pray to G-d who is blessed, that just as he has given me merit to living merit for Israel with words of Torah whose expositions are few, these being the remnants that occupy themselves in the order of Teharoth (laws of ritual impurity) and with the help of G-d due to the merit of my fathers I have set in order the entire order of Teharoth - And with the help of G-d I have published the Tractate of Kelim (laws regarding ritual impurity of vessels) which has been favorably received amidst the great sages of Israel and the wise men of the Torah, so too I shall pray with G-d and that he helps me complete the entire order and publish it, and I shall dwell in his tents forever. And so too regarding this Mitzvah of Techelet which has none that seek it out, may G-d help me to bring merit to the many and may it stand for me and my children and my children's children that the words of the Torah vanish not from my lips and the lips of my children and the lips of my children's children so says G-d from now until forever. ",
|
113 |
+
"I have completed this honorable treatise on the 11th day of Marcheshvan, Tuesday, the Torah portion of Vayera, 5648 (1887), here in Radzin."
|
114 |
+
]
|
115 |
+
}
|
116 |
+
},
|
117 |
+
"versions": [
|
118 |
+
[
|
119 |
+
"Treasures Hidden in the Sand, Trans. Menachem Kalish and David Herzberg",
|
120 |
+
"http://www.begedivri.com/techelet/Sefunei.htm"
|
121 |
+
]
|
122 |
+
],
|
123 |
+
"heTitle": "ืืืืจ ืฉืคืื ื ืืืื ื ืืื",
|
124 |
+
"categories": [
|
125 |
+
"Halakhah",
|
126 |
+
"Acharonim"
|
127 |
+
],
|
128 |
+
"schema": {
|
129 |
+
"heTitle": "ืืืืจ ืฉืคืื ื ืืืื ื ืืื",
|
130 |
+
"enTitle": "Treasures Hidden in the Sand",
|
131 |
+
"key": "Treasures Hidden in the Sand",
|
132 |
+
"nodes": [
|
133 |
+
{
|
134 |
+
"heTitle": "ืฉืขืจ",
|
135 |
+
"enTitle": "Title Page"
|
136 |
+
},
|
137 |
+
{
|
138 |
+
"heTitle": "ืืงืืื",
|
139 |
+
"enTitle": "Introduction"
|
140 |
+
},
|
141 |
+
{
|
142 |
+
"heTitle": "",
|
143 |
+
"enTitle": ""
|
144 |
+
},
|
145 |
+
{
|
146 |
+
"heTitle": "ืืืขื ืืช",
|
147 |
+
"enTitle": "The Objections"
|
148 |
+
},
|
149 |
+
{
|
150 |
+
"heTitle": "ืืกืืื ืื ืืคื ืื\"ื",
|
151 |
+
"enTitle": "The signs according to Chazal",
|
152 |
+
"nodes": [
|
153 |
+
{
|
154 |
+
"heTitle": "ืกืืื ื; ืืืืจ ืืงืื ืืฆืืืืช ืืืืืื",
|
155 |
+
"enTitle": "Where the Hillazon can be found"
|
156 |
+
},
|
157 |
+
{
|
158 |
+
"heTitle": "ืกืืื ื; ืืกืืื ื ืืืืืื",
|
159 |
+
"enTitle": "The signs of the Hillazon"
|
160 |
+
},
|
161 |
+
{
|
162 |
+
"heTitle": "ืกืืื ื; ืืืจืื ืืชืืืช",
|
163 |
+
"enTitle": "The appearance of the Techelet"
|
164 |
+
}
|
165 |
+
]
|
166 |
+
}
|
167 |
+
]
|
168 |
+
}
|
169 |
+
}
|
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