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[ "Title: Lex Luthor (Smallville) Content: Lex Luthor (Smallville) Lex Luthor is a fictional character from the television series \"Smallville\". He is featured in the pilot episode until the season seven finale, and has been played continuously by Michael Rosenbaum, with various actors portraying the character as a child throughout the series. The character of Lex Luthor, first created for comic books by Jerry Siegel and Joe Shuster in 1940 as nemesis of Superman, was adapted to television in 2001 by Alfred Gough and Miles Millar—this is only the third time the character has been adapted to a live action television series. The character has also", "Title: Lex Luthor in other media Content: called LexCorp. Lex Luthor was first portrayed on film in the second \"Superman\" serial, \"Atom Man vs. Superman\" (1950). He was played by Lyle Talbot. Actor Gene Hackman played the role of Lex Luthor in the 1978 movie \"Superman: The Movie\" and in two of its three sequels (\"Superman II\" and \"\"). Hackman's portrayal is a notable departure from the comic book incarnations. In the films, Luthor is portrayed as Superman's comedic foil, or as comic book critic Peter Sanderson puts it, \"a used car salesman wielding nuclear missiles\". In most of the films of this franchise, Luthor's main business", "Title: Lex Luthor (Smallville) Content: series regular, Michael Rosenbaum left the show, but reprised the role for the two-hour series finale. Lex Luthor, introduced in the pilot as the son of billionaire Lionel Luthor (John Glover), is sent to Smallville by his father to run the local fertilizer plant. As a child, he is caught in the first meteor shower that renders him completely bald. Years later as a young adult, Lex first meets Clark Kent (Tom Welling) saving his life from drowning and the two quickly become friends. Lex tries to be a good guy for most of the early seasons, but his motives", "Title: Lex Luthor (Smallville) Content: Rosenbaum got the part, Martin Cummins auditioned for the role of Lex Luthor; Cummins would go on to play Dr. Garner, a neuro-scientist who experiments on Clark, in multiple episodes of \"Smallville\" spanning season two and three. Michael Rosenbaum is not the only actor to portray Lex on the show. There have been four other actors that have performed the role; Matthew Munn, Wayne Dalgish, Lucas Grabeel, and Connor Stanhope have all portrayed Lex Luthor as a child in various episodes throughout the series. Rosenbaum relished the opportunities he gets to show Lex's evil side, even if it is only", "Title: Lex Luthor in other media Content: and Eric Press (Chip Esten and Jeff Juday), and Ethan seeks to complete Luthor's revenge against Superman. His numerous past lovers, including his secret children's mothers, are ready to carry on his vendetta against Superman and other schemes. The television series \"Smallville\" features a new version of Lex Luthor, played by Michael Rosenbaum. Although his history echoes previous incarnations, this version did not begin as a bona fide villain. The series also tries to pin a more psychologically realistic take on the character, attempting to expand his character to fully flesh out his journey into what will turn him into", "Title: Lionel Luthor Content: Lionel Luthor Lionel Luthor is a fictional character portrayed by John Glover in the television series \"Smallville\". The character was initially a recurring guest in season one, and became a series regular in season two and continued until being written out of the show in season seven. The character returned to the show in season ten again as a recurring guest role as a parallel universe (Earth-2) version of the character. In \"Smallville\", Lionel Luthor is the father of Lex Luthor (Michael Rosenbaum), and founder and CEO of LuthorCorp. Lex Luthor's father was first introduced in \"Superman\" comics by Jerry", "Title: Characters of Smallville Content: of three Kryptonian stones of knowledge, continuing his training at the Fortress of Solitude, and unwittingly unleashing a Kryptonian criminal from the Phantom Zone when he refuses to kill Lex. Michael Rosenbaum portrays Lex Luthor, the son of billionaire Lionel Luthor, who is sent to Smallville to run the local fertilizer plant. After Clark saves his life in the pilot episode, the two become quick friends. Over the course of seven seasons—beginning on the day Clark rescues him from drowning—Lex tries to uncover the secrets that Clark keeps. Lex's curiosity eventually leads to a blowout between him and Clark in", "Title: Lex Luthor in other media Content: film, Luthor never takes off his wig. In the 2006 film \"Superman Returns\", Lex Luthor is played by Kevin Spacey. Although retaining a humorous streak, Spacey's take on the character is drier and more straightforward than that of Hackman, and notably displays a more personal dislike and hatred for Superman. In the film, Luthor has been released from prison bent on revenge against Superman. Luthor funds his criminal operations by seducing a wealthy, elderly benefactor. Luthor's machinations once again concern real estate, as they did in the first two films. Luthor plans to use Kryptonian crystals, like the one Superman", "Title: Lex Luthor (Smallville) Content: wanted him to be likeable and vulnerable. The role was difficult to cast, as no one involved in the casting could agree on who they liked for the role. Gough and Millar wanted to cast a comedian for the series, on the belief that comedians always want to \"please and be loved at the same time.\" Michael Rosenbaum auditioned for Lex Luthor twice. Feeling he did not take his first audition seriously, Rosenbaum outlined a two-and-a-half-page scene, indicating all the places to be funny, charismatic, or menacing. His audition went so well that everyone agreed he was \"the guy\". Before", "Title: Santa Claus: The Movie Content: while, Ilya Salkind actively pursued Carroll O'Connor for the role before Szwarc showed him David Huddleston's screen-test, which won Salkind over. For the role of B.Z., the producers wanted a star with a similar stature to Gene Hackman when he had played Lex Luthor in \"Superman: The Movie\". To this end, they offered the role to Harrison Ford who turned them down. They made offers to Dustin Hoffman, Burt Reynolds and Johnny Carson --- all of whom, for one reason or another, turned the part down. Eventually, John Lithgow was settled on after Salkind watched \"Terms of Endearment\" and realised" ]

[ "Michael Rosenbaum" ]

[ "Title: Dallas Cowboys Content: and blue border was added in 1964. The logo has remained the same since. Today, the blue star has been extended to not only the Dallas Cowboys, but owner Jerry Jones' AFL team, the Dallas Desperados that have a similar logo based on the Cowboys. The blue star also is used on other entries like an imaging facility and storage facility. The Dallas Cowboys' white home jersey has royal blue (PMS 287 C) solid socks, numbers, lettering, and two stripes on the sleeves outlined in black. The home pants are a common metallic silver-green color (PMS 8280 C) that help", "Title: Dallas Fuel Content: iconic blue flame was selected to symbolize the spark that would ignite the change. The logo also pays homage to the heritage and strength of the energy sector in Texas, the industry in which team investor Kenneth Hersh made his riches. The official team colors are blue, grey, and black. Blue serves as the primary team color in recognition of the endearment \"Boys in Blue\" that the team had acquired under parent organization EnVyUs. The Fuel’s jerseys are white on away games and blue on home games; they also have the Jack in the Box logo, the first OWL jersey", "Title: Dallas Cowboys Content: home for Thanksgiving, which has since become an annual tradition. In 2017, the team initially announced that they will wear blue jerseys at home on a more regular basis, only to rescind soon after. In 2015, the Cowboys released their Color Rush uniform, featuring a variation of the 1990s \"Double Star\" alternates with white pants and socks. The uniform was first used in a Thanksgiving game against the Carolina Panthers and in subsequent \"Thursday Night Football\" games during the 2016 and 2017 seasons. The Cowboys also unveiled a navy uniform-white pants combination which was first used on December 10, 2017", "Title: Super Bowl V Content: team its choice of jersey color, unlike the regular season and playoff games leading up to the Super Bowl. Dallas had not worn its blue jerseys at home since 1963, as Cowboys general manager Tex Schramm opted to have the team wear white at home in order to present fans with a consistent look. The Cowboys wore their blue jerseys twice during the 1970 season, losing 20–7 at St. Louis in week four and winning 6–2 at Cleveland in week 13. The designated home team was first allowed its choice of jersey color for Super Bowl XIII, allowing the Cowboys", "Title: Dallas Cowboys Content: helmets are also a unique silver with a tint of blue known as \"Metallic Silver Blue\" (PMS 8240 C) and have a blue/white/blue vertical stripe placed upon the center of the crown. The Cowboys also include a unique, if subtle, feature on the back of the helmet: a blue strip of Dymo tape with the player's name embossed, placed on the white portion of the stripe at the back of the helmet. When the Dallas Cowboys franchise debuted in 1960, the team's uniform included a white helmet adorned with a simple blue star and a blue-white-blue stripe down the center", "Title: Dallas Cowboys Content: crown. The team donned blue jerseys with white sleeves and a small blue star on each shoulder for home games and the negative opposite for away games. Their socks also had two horizontal white stripes overlapping the blue. In 1964 the Cowboys opted for a simpler look (adopting essentially the team's current uniform) by changing their jersey/socks to one solid color with three horizontal stripes on the sleeves; the white jersey featured royal blue stripes with a narrow black border, the royal blue jersey white stripes with the same black outline. The star-shouldered jerseys were eliminated; \"TV\" numbers appeared just", "Title: FC Dallas Content: a stylized red \"Burn\" wordmark. The logo and the original colors of red and black were revealed at an event in New York City on October 17, 1995. The team re-branded as FC Dallas in 2005 to coincide with their move to Pizza Hut Park in the middle of that season and has since played in a color scheme of red, white, silver, and blue, and a uniform design of horizontally hooped stripes. The colors are officially listed as Republic Red, Lonestar White, Shawnee Silver, and Bovine Blue. Red remained as a primary color in their home uniforms, with blue", "Title: Dallas Mavericks Content: the Mavericks drastically updated their logos and uniforms, with a new Dallas Cowboys-inspired color scheme of midnight blue, royal blue and silver. The new uniforms consist of a \"Dallas\" script on both the home and road jerseys. On the home jersey, \"Dallas\" is in midnight blue across the chest and the numbers are in royal blue with silver trim, while on the road jersey, \"Dallas\" is in white, with the numbers in silver and white trim. In the 2003–04 NBA season, the Mavericks debuted their shiny silver alternate uniforms, with \"Mavericks\" in white and royal blue trim, with blue numerals.", "Title: Dallas Cowboys Content: bring out the blue in the uniform. The navy (PMS 289 C) road jerseys (nicknamed the \"Stars and Stripes\" jersey) have white lettering and numbers with navy pinstripes. A white/gray/white stripe are on each sleeve as well as the collared V-neck, and a Cowboys star logo is placed upon the stripes. A \"Cowboys\" chest crest is directly under the NFL shield. The away pants are a pearlish metallic-silver color (PMS 8180 C) and like the home pants, enhance the navy in the uniforms. The team uses a serifed font for the lettered player surnames on the jersey nameplates. The team's", "Title: Away colours Content: be \"jinxed\" because of defeats at Super Bowl V in 1971 (when they were forced to wear their blue jerseys as the designated 'home' team), and in the 1968 divisional playoffs at Cleveland, Don Meredith's final game as a Cowboys player. Dallas's only victory in a conference championship or Super Bowl wearing the blue jerseys was in the 1978 NFC Championship game at the Los Angeles Rams. Super Bowl rules later changed to allow the designated home team to pick their choice of jersey. White was chosen by the Cowboys (XIII, XXVII), the Redskins (XVII), the Pittsburgh Steelers (XL), the" ]

[ "Blue", "Royal blue", "Navy Blue", "White", "Silver" ]

[ "Title: Bentley Content: Bentley Bentley Motors Limited () is a British manufacturer and marketer of luxury cars and SUVs—and a subsidiary of the Volkswagen Group since 1998. Headquartered in Crewe, England, the company was founded as Bentley Motors Limited by W. O. Bentley in 1919 in Cricklewood, North London—and became widely known for winning the 24 Hours of Le Mans in 1924, 1927, 1928, 1929, 1930, and 2003. Prominent models extend from the historic sports-racing Bentley 4½ Litre and Bentley Speed Six; the more recent Bentley R Type Continental, Bentley Turbo R, and Bentley Arnage; to its current model line—including the Continental Flying", "Title: Bentley, South Yorkshire Content: Bentley, South Yorkshire Bentley is a suburb of Doncaster in South Yorkshire, England two miles north of the town of Doncaster. The population of the ward within the Doncaster MBC borough at the 2011 Census was 14,191. Historically within the West Riding of Yorkshire, the village was once owned by Edmund Hastings of Plumtree, Nottinghamshire, who had inherited it from his wife Copley's Sprotborough family. Hastings subsequently sold the manor to John Levett, a York lawyer born at High Melton who married the niece of Hastings's wife, who then conveyed it to Sir Arthur Ingram of York, High Sheriff of", "Title: The Bentley London Content: The Bentley London The Bentley London is a luxury AA 5-star hotel in London, England. It is located at 27-33 Harrington Gardens in south Kensington, lying between Cromwell Road to the north and Brompton Road to the south in close proximity to some of London's major museums including the Natural History Museum, Victoria and Albert Museum and other sites of note such as the Royal Albert Hall, Sloane Square and the Royal Court Theatre, and the boutiques of Knightsbridge such as Harrods and Harvey Nichols. The hotel contains 64 rooms. The building was first constructed in 1880 and joined the", "Title: Bentley Content: round of the 2014 Blancpain Endurance Series. This was Bentley's first official entry in a British race since the 1930 RAC Tourist Trophy. Bentley Bentley Motors Limited () is a British manufacturer and marketer of luxury cars and SUVs—and a subsidiary of the Volkswagen Group since 1998. Headquartered in Crewe, England, the company was founded as Bentley Motors Limited by W. O. Bentley in 1919 in Cricklewood, North London—and became widely known for winning the 24 Hours of Le Mans in 1924, 1927, 1928, 1929, 1930, and 2003. Prominent models extend from the historic sports-racing Bentley 4½ Litre and Bentley", "Title: Bentley Mulsanne (2010) Content: Bentley Mulsanne (2010) The Bentley Mulsanne is a handmade full-size luxury car produced by Bentley Motors Limited in the United Kingdom. The car is named after the Mulsanne Corner of the Le Mans racing circuit, Bentley cars having won six victories at the 24 Hours of Le Mans in the past. The Mulsanne nameplate was last used by Bentley for a four-door saloon/sedan that was built between 1980 to 1992. It was resurrected as the nameplate for what would become the replacement for the Bentley Arnage, Bentley's then flagship car model. The new Mulsanne was unveiled at the 2009 Pebble", "Title: Bentley Arnage Content: at $320,000.00. The Bentley Arnage was replaced by the Bentley Mulsanne. The design of the car is now completely independent from Rolls-Royce cars, because of separate parent companies, Bentley being held by the Volkswagen Group, Rolls-Royce by BMW. Bentley Arnage The Bentley Arnage was a large luxury car produced by Bentley Motors in Crewe, England from 1998 to 2009. The Arnage, and its Rolls-Royce-branded sibling, the Silver Seraph, were introduced in the Spring of 1998, and were the first entirely new designs for the two marques since 1980. Another break from the past was to be found under the bonnet,", "Title: Great Bentley Content: Great Bentley Great Bentley is a village, civil parish and electoral ward in the Tendring district of north Essex, England, located seven miles east of Colchester. It is home to the second largest village green in the country, at a size of , behind Duncan Down and has won 'Village of the Year' several times. Great Bentley railway station provides the village with frequent rail services along the Sunshine Coast Line to London Liverpool Street, Clacton-on-Sea, Colchester and Walton-on-the-Naze. Great Bentley is scattered round an extensive level or common, of , on the eastern side of the vale of a", "Title: Upper Bentley Content: Upper Bentley Upper Bentley is a village in Worcestershire, England. It is located between the towns of Redditch and Bromsgrove. It is near the villages of Elcocks Brook, Bentley and Callow Hill. Bentley Manor dates back to before 1300 when it stood in Feckenham Forest. Rights of warren were granted to a Grimbald Pauncefoote in the manor of Bentley in 1281 for rabbits. The Bentley Estate came into being when William Hemming bought the land from Mr. John Cookes in Approximately 1830. Upon Williams death in 1848 the land and property went to his son Richard Hemming. Richard died in", "Title: Bentley Priory Content: Bentley Priory Bentley Priory is an eighteenth to nineteenth century stately home and deer park in Stanmore on the northern edge of the Greater London area in the London Borough of Harrow. It was originally a medieval priory or cell of Augustinian Canons in Harrow Weald, then in Middlesex. There are no remains of the original priory, but it probably stood near Priory House, off Clamp Hill. In 1775, Sir John Soane designed a large mansion house north of the original priory, called Bentley Priory, for the wealthy businessman James Duberley. This was added to throughout the eighteenth and nineteenth", "Title: Bentley Arnage Content: Bentley Arnage The Bentley Arnage was a large luxury car produced by Bentley Motors in Crewe, England from 1998 to 2009. The Arnage, and its Rolls-Royce-branded sibling, the Silver Seraph, were introduced in the Spring of 1998, and were the first entirely new designs for the two marques since 1980. Another break from the past was to be found under the bonnet, for decades home to the same 6.75-litre V8 engine, a powerplant which could trace its roots back to the 1950s. The new Arnage was to be powered by a BMW V8 engine, with Cosworth-engineered twin-turbo installation, and the" ]

[ "Bentley Motors Limited" ]

[ "Title: Czech koruna Content: the reverse side of all denominations. For the 100th anniversary of the Czechoslovak koruna, a new banknote will be created, featuring the face of Czech politician Alois Rašín. The currency was on a record exchange rate run in 2008. Most traded currencies (since 31 December 2008): Czech koruna The koruna (sign: Kč; code: CZK) is the currency of the Czech Republic since 1993, and in English it is sometimes referred to as Czech crown. The koruna is one of European Union's 11 currencies, and the Czech Republic is legally bound to adopt the euro currency in the future. The official", "Title: Czech Republic Content: Market as a member of the European Union, and is therefore a part of the economy of the European Union, but uses its own currency, the Czech koruna, instead of the euro. It has a per capita GDP rate that is 89% of the EU average and is a member of the OECD. Monetary policy is conducted by the Czech National Bank, whose independence is guaranteed by the Constitution. , the Czech GDP per capita at purchasing power parity is $35,223 (similar to Israel, Italy or Slovenia), $20,152 at nominal value and the GDP growth was 4.5% in 2017, giving", "Title: Czech koruna Content: Czech koruna The koruna (sign: Kč; code: CZK) is the currency of the Czech Republic since 1993, and in English it is sometimes referred to as Czech crown. The koruna is one of European Union's 11 currencies, and the Czech Republic is legally bound to adopt the euro currency in the future. The official name in Czech is \"koruna česká\" (plural \"koruny české\", though the zero-grade genitive plural form \"korun českých\" is used on banknotes and coins of value 5 Kč or higher). The ISO 4217 code is CZK and the local acronym is Kč, which is placed after the", "Title: Czech National Bank Content: with the Crown. Consequently, the implementation of the Euro was suspended indefinitely. The Czech National Bank issues 1Kč, 2 Kč, 5 Kč, 10 Kč, 20 Kč and 50 Kč coins. The note denominations consist of 100 Kč, 200 Kč, 500 Kč, 1,000 Kč, 2,000 Kč and 5,000 Kč. The Czech Republic officially joined the European Union on May 1, 2004. The original intention of the Czech National Bank was to adopt the Euro, but after relatively strong economic progress within the Czech Republic and a favorable national attitude for the Czech Koruna there are no current plans to change the", "Title: Czechoslovak koruna Content: do so. The Slovak koruna was replaced by the euro on 1 January 2009; there is currently no set or estimated date for the Czech koruna to be replaced. Annual increase in the consumer price index Czechoslovak koruna The Czechoslovak koruna (in Czech and Slovak: \"Koruna československá\", at times \"Koruna česko-slovenská\"; \"koruna\" means \"crown\") was the currency of Czechoslovakia from April 10, 1919, to March 14, 1939, and from November 1, 1945, to February 7, 1993. For a brief time in 1939 and again in 1993, it was also the currency in separate Czech and Slovak republics. On February 8,", "Title: Czech Republic and the euro Content: accession with 77.3% in favour, and in 2004 the Czech Republic joined the EU. Since joining the EU in May 2004, the Czech Republic has adopted fiscal and monetary policies that aim to align its macroeconomic conditions with the rest of the European Union. Initially, the Czech Republic planned to adopt the euro as its official currency in 2010, however evaluations in 2006 found this date to be unlikely and the target date was postponed indefinitely. In February 2007, the Finance Minister said 2012 was a \"realistic\" date, but by November 2007 this was said to be too soon. In", "Title: Economy of the Czech Republic Content: more cautious. As a fraction of the GDP, the Czech public debt is among the smallest ones in Central and Eastern Europe. Moreover, unlike many other post-communist countries, an overwhelming majority of the household debt – over 99% – is denominated in the local Czech currency. That's why the country wasn't affected by the shrunken money supply in the U.S. dollars. However, as a large exporter, the economy was sensitive to the decrease of the demand in Germany and other trading partners. In the middle of 2009, the annual drop of the GDP for 2009 was estimated around 3% or", "Title: Czech Republic and the euro Content: stores in the Czech Republic accept payments in euro cash, and return change in Czech koruna. The following are polls on the question whether the Czech Republic should abolish the koruna and adopt the euro currency. The 1992 Maastricht Treaty originally required that all members of the European Union join the euro once certain economic criteria are met. The Czech Republic meets two of five conditions for joining the euro ; their inflation rate, not being a member of the European exchange rate mechanism and the incompatibility of its domestic legislation are the conditions not met. Czech Republic and the", "Title: Economy of the Czech Republic Content: Economy of the Czech Republic The Economy of the Czech Republic is a developed export-oriented social market economy based in services, manufacturing and innovation, that maintains a high-income welfare state and the \"continental\" type of the European social model. The Czech Republic participates in the European Single Market as a member of the European Union, and is therefore a part of the economy of the European Union, but uses its own currency, the Czech koruna, instead of the euro. It is a member of the OECD. As of 2017, the Czech GDP per capita at purchasing power parity is $35,223", "Title: Economy of the Czech Republic Content: (2016) GDP by sector: \"Agriculture:\" 2.5% \"Industry:\" 37.5% \"Services:\" 60% (2016) Inflation: 0.7% (2016) Labour Force: 5.427 million (2017) Unemployment: 2,3% (September 2018) Industrial production growth rate: 3.5% (2016) Household income or consumption by percentage share: (2015) Public Debt: 34.2% GDP (2018) Exports: $136.1 billion \"Export goods:\" machinery and transport equipment, raw materials, fuel, chemicals (2018) Imports: $122.8 billion \"Import goods:\" machinery and transport equipment, raw materials and fuels, chemicals (2018) Current Account balance: $2.216 billion (2018) Export partners: Germany 32.4%, Slovakia 8.4%, Poland 5.8%, UK 5.2%, France 5.2%, Italy 4.3%, Austria 4.2% (2016) Import partners: Germany 30.6%, Poland 9.6%," ]

[ "Czech koruna" ]

[ "Title: 2012 Stanley Cup Finals Content: team to win the Stanley Cup since the conference-based seedings were introduced in 1994. The Los Angeles Kings historically have not fared well in the postseason, having only progressed beyond second round of the playoffs once in franchise history. There were some highlights in franchise history, such as a dramatic seven-game series loss to the heavily favored Boston Bruins in 1976, the upset of the top seeded Edmonton Oilers (including the game three Miracle on Manchester) in 1982, and a comeback from a 3-1 series deficit to beat the defending Stanley Cup champion Oilers in 1989. The first time that", "Title: 2012 Stanley Cup playoffs Content: Each team won three games in this year's six-game regular season series. The Kings reached the Conference Finals for the first time since losing in the 1993 Stanley Cup Finals to the Montreal Canadiens, while this marks the first Conference Finals appearance for the Phoenix Coyotes franchise, which made it past the first round of the playoffs for the first time since 1987. Since the NBA's Los Angeles Lakers and Los Angeles Clippers made it to the playoffs, game four of the series had to be played on the same day as game four of the Los Angeles Clippers and", "Title: 2014 Stanley Cup Finals Content: of 26 playoff games was the longest of any Stanley Cup–winning team in history. Los Angeles had home ice advantage in the series, as the Kings finished with a better regular season record than the Rangers. The series started on June 4 and ended on June 13 with the Kings winning their second Stanley Cup in three seasons. It was the first meeting between teams from New York City and Los Angeles for a major professional sports championship since the Yankees and the Dodgers played in the 1981 World Series. Coincidentally, 1981 was also the last time the Rangers and", "Title: 2001–02 Los Angeles Lakers season Content: until 2009, in which they defeated the Orlando Magic in five games. They even won another title in 2010, where they defeated the Boston Celtics in seven games. As of 2018, the Lakers are the most recent team to have accomplished a three-peat. (3) Los Angeles Lakers vs. (6) Portland Trail Blazers Last Playoff Meeting: 2001 Western Conference First Round (Los Angeles won 3-0) (2) San Antonio Spurs vs. (3) Los Angeles Lakers Last Playoff Meeting: 2001 Western Conference Finals (Los Angeles won 4-0) (1) Sacramento Kings vs. (3) Los Angeles Lakers Last Playoff Meeting: 2001 Western Conference Semifinals (Los", "Title: 1993 Stanley Cup playoffs Content: the first playoff series between the teams since the 1978 Preliminary Round. This was the first and to date only playoff series between these two teams. The Canadiens had not won a Stanley Cup since 1986. This was the thirty-fourth and most recent Finals appearance for Montreal, while Los Angeles made their first ever appearance in the Finals. This was Wayne Gretzky's only appearance in the Finals with the Kings, and the last in his career. Patrick Roy won the MVP award of this Stanley Cup final. 1993 Stanley Cup playoffs The 1993 Stanley Cup playoffs the championship of the", "Title: 1993 Stanley Cup Finals Content: 1993 Stanley Cup Finals The 1993 Stanley Cup Finals was the championship series of the National Hockey League's (NHL) 1992–93 season, and the culmination of the 1993 Stanley Cup playoffs. It was contested between the Los Angeles Kings and the Montreal Canadiens. It was the first appearance in the Final for the Kings and the first appearance since the 1920 Final for a team based on the west coast of the United States. . It was also the 34th and (as of 2018) most recent appearance for Montreal, their first since the 1989 Final. The Canadiens won the series four", "Title: 2012 Stanley Cup Finals Content: on par with the Final); the 2007 Final therefore remains the lowest-rated championship series in American television history. The 2012 Stanley Cup was presented to Los Angeles Kings captain Dustin Brown by NHL Commissioner Gary Bettman, following the Kings 6-1 win over the New Jersey Devils in the sixth game of the finals. 2012 Stanley Cup Finals The 2012 Stanley Cup Finals was the championship series of the National Hockey League's (NHL) season, and the culmination of the 2012 Stanley Cup playoffs. The Western Conference playoff champion Los Angeles Kings defeated the Eastern Conference playoff champion New Jersey Devils four", "Title: 1993 Stanley Cup playoffs Content: 1993 Stanley Cup playoffs The 1993 Stanley Cup playoffs the championship of the National Hockey League (NHL) began after the conclusion of the 1992–93 NHL season on April 18 and ended with the Montreal Canadiens defeating the Los Angeles Kings four games to one to win the Stanley Cup on June 9. These playoffs featured an NHL record 28 overtime games, of which the Canadiens set a playoff record for most overtime games won in one year with ten. The Canadiens also won 11 consecutive games during the playoffs, tying an NHL record. The Presidents' Trophy-winning Pittsburgh Penguins, who had", "Title: 1993 Stanley Cup Finals Content: Prime Ticket's local rights to the Kings games. ESPN also sent its broadcasts to a record 120 countries, for a potential audience of 285 million. 1993 Stanley Cup Finals The 1993 Stanley Cup Finals was the championship series of the National Hockey League's (NHL) 1992–93 season, and the culmination of the 1993 Stanley Cup playoffs. It was contested between the Los Angeles Kings and the Montreal Canadiens. It was the first appearance in the Final for the Kings and the first appearance since the 1920 Final for a team based on the west coast of the United States. . It", "Title: Los Angeles Kings Content: in as captain on Gretzky's absence, the Kings finished with a 39–35–10 record (88 points), clinching third place in the Smythe Division. Heavily contested series at the 1993 playoffs had the Kings eliminating the Flames, Canucks and Leafs en route to their first berth in the Stanley Cup Finals. In the 1993 Stanley Cup Finals, the Kings faced the Montreal Canadiens. After winning the opening game 4–1, the Kings suffered a turnaround during Game 2. Late in the contest, with the Kings leading by a score of 2–1, Canadiens coach Jacques Demers requested a measurement of Kings defenseman Marty McSorley's" ]

[ "2012 Stanley Cup Finals" ]

[ "Title: Spencer Pratt Content: showing his family, daily life and his passion for hummingbirds. His popularity led to him being nominated in January 2018 for Snapchatter of the Year at the 10th Annual Shorty Awards, eventually winning the category. In December 2013, Pratt completed his undergraduate degree in political science at the University of Southern California after ten years. Pratt had left his studies to pursue television projects and re-enrolled in 2011. During the fourth season of \"The Hills\", Montag and Pratt eloped in Mexico on November 20, 2008. A wedding ceremony was held on April 25, 2009, in Pasadena, California. Their son Gunner", "Title: Awadagin Pratt Content: Awadagin Pratt Awadagin Pratt (; born March 6, 1966) is a concert pianist from Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. Awadagin Pratt began piano lessons at six with Leslie Sompong and violin lessons at age nine. With a violin scholarship he enrolled in University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign; he transferred to the Peabody Conservatory of Music in Baltimore as a pianist and as a violinist. In 1992 Pratt became the first African-American pianist to win the Naumburg International Piano Competition since then, \"he has performed with nearly every major orchestra in this country [the United States], at the Clinton White House, and on \"Sesame", "Title: Chris Pratt Content: fifth in a high school state wrestling tournament, recalling that when his wrestling coach asked him what he wished to do with his life, he said \"'I don't know, but I know I'll be famous and I know I'll make a shit ton of money.' I had no idea how. I'd done nothing proactive.\" He graduated from Lake Stevens High School in 1997. Pratt dropped out of community college halfway through the first semester and, after working as a discount ticket salesman and daytime stripper, he ended up homeless in Maui, Hawaii, sleeping in a van and a tent on", "Title: Richie Pratt Content: prior to attending college as a music major at the University of Kansas. Pratt was born at the University of Kansas Medical Center to Wayne Tyree and Violet Lorraine Jackson Tyree, then later adopted by his great aunt and uncle, John and Willa Pratt in the Kansas City area. Eventually growing into a rather large and powerful man, he attended the University of Kansas under a full four-year scholarship to play varsity football, majoring in music education. While enrolled in school and living in Lawrence, Kansas he would not only block for Pro Football Hall of Fame running back Gale", "Title: James Norwood Pratt Content: His father, Eugene C. Pratt, was an actor and musician, turned tobacco company executive and political activist, turned self-employed businessman and farmer. James Norwood Pratt was educated at R.J. Reynolds High School, the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill and in Europe. While at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, he enrolled in its Honors Program, infamously named the \"Suicide 50\" given the extreme obstacles enrollees faced in the program. In 1960, as part of the Honors Program, Pratt made his first journey to Europe aboard the Queen Mary. On his return journey, on its sister ship", "Title: Caroline Pratt (educator) Content: focused on first-hand experiences, open-ended materials, and social studies, has been cited and described by figures as noted as John Dewey and the architect and playground designer David Rockwell. Her original vision endures at City and Country School, which she founded in 1914 in the Greenwich Village section of New York City. Pratt was born in Fayetteville, New York, on May 13, 1867. Her formal primary education was conventional, but her experiences of active, independent play with friends in Fayetteville’s rural setting were to be more influential in her work. . After graduating high school on June 24, 1886, she", "Title: Spencer Reid Content: a child increased when he started winning games as the coach of his high school's basketball team, using statistics to break down the opposing teams' shooting strategies. At age twelve, Reid graduated from high school. He attended Caltech, where he rode his bike to classes. He finished his undergraduate degree at sixteen, and received his first doctorate (in Mathematics) the following year. It has also been stated that he attended MIT, but episode writer Breen Frazier admitted the MIT line was a mistake, although it has not yet been corrected onscreen. Yale University was Reid's \"safety school\". Between the ages", "Title: Edwin Hartley Pratt Content: into general disrepute by the early 20th century. Edwin Hartley Pratt was born on November 6, 1849, in Towanda, Pennsylvania. His parents were Betsey Belding Pratt and the homeopathic physician Leonard Pratt. In 1852, they moved to northwestern Illinois; in his boyhood, Pratt attended the district school in Rock Creek Township. At the age of 15 in 1864, Pratt attended the nearby Mount Carroll Seminary (later known as Shimer College). He remained there only one year, but thirty years later wrote that \"I was so impressed with the measures of instruction, and such a spirit of earnestness prevailed in the", "Title: Spencer Pratt Content: Spencer Pratt Spencer William Pratt (born August 14, 1983) is an American television personality. In 2007, he began dating Heidi Montag, a primary cast member of the reality television series \"The Hills\". Subsequently, he came to prominence after being cast in the series. Their relationship ultimately ended Montag's friendship with fellow cast member Lauren Conrad. The ensuing feud among the three became the central focus of the series, and was carried through each subsequent season. The couple, collectively nicknamed \"Speidi\", married in April 2009. Later that year, they made controversial appearances on the second season of the American version of", "Title: Jane Pratt Content: she was 13. She was raised in Durham, North Carolina, and attended Phillips Academy in Andover, Massachusetts, at the age of 15. After graduating from Phillips Academy, Pratt enrolled at Oberlin College in Oberlin, Ohio, where she received a degree in communications with a minor in modern dance. Her publishing career began with internships at \"Rolling Stone\" magazine and \"Sportstyle,\" a Fairchild Publication. After graduating, Pratt landed her first job as assistant editor of \"McCall's\", and in 1986, became an associate editor of \"Teenage Magazine\". From there, she went on to found \"Sassy Magazine\". At the age of 24, Pratt" ]

[ "University of Southern California" ]

[ "Title: Health of Abraham Lincoln Content: robbery attempt in 1828, was struck by his wife (apparently on multiple occasions), cut his hand with an axe at least once, and incurred frostbite of his feet in 1830-1831. The shape (\"habitus\") of Lincoln's body attracted attention while he was alive, and continues to attract attention today among medical professionals. Geneticists are now skeptical of the hypothesis that Marfan syndrome was the cause of his unusual habitus (see below). The theory that Lincoln was afflicted with type 5 spinocerebellar ataxia is no longer accepted. The theory that Lincoln's facial asymmetries were a manifestation of craniofacial microsomia has been replaced", "Title: Multiple endocrine neoplasia type 2b Content: traumatized. In 2007, Dr. John Sotos proposed that President Abraham Lincoln suffered from MEN2B. This theory suggests Lincoln had all the major features of the disease: a marfan-like body habitus, large, bumpy lips, constipation, muscular hypotonia, a history compatible with cancer and a family history of the disorder - his sons Eddie, Willie, and Tad, and probably his mother. The \"mole\" on Lincoln's right cheek, the asymmetry of his face, his large jaw, his drooping eyelid, and \"pseudo-depression\" are also suggested as manifestations of MEN2B. Lincoln's longevity is the principal challenge to the MEN2B theory, which could be proven by", "Title: Nancy Lincoln Content: fellow Lincoln biographer Ward Lamon saying that \"Mrs. Lincoln died as said by some with the milk sickness, some with a galloping quick consumption\", i.e. a wasting disease or tuberculosis. This, with the recent demonstration that Nancy had a marfanoid body habitus and the same unusual facial features as her son, would suggest that she died of cancer (which is a wasting disease) related to multiple endocrine neoplasia type 2b (MEN2B), and that she passed the gene for this syndrome to her son (see Medical and mental health of Abraham Lincoln). Nancy's grave is located in what has been named", "Title: Abraham Lincoln Content: or hired servant girl. He was an affectionate, though often absent, husband and father of four children. Robert Todd Lincoln was born in 1843 and Edward Baker Lincoln (Eddie) in 1846. Edward died on February 1, 1850, in Springfield, probably of tuberculosis. \"Willie\" Lincoln was born on December 21, 1850, and died of a fever on February 20, 1862. The Lincolns' fourth son, Thomas \"Tad\" Lincoln, was born on April 4, 1853, and died of heart failure at the age of 18 on July 16, 1871. Robert was the only child to live to adulthood and have children. The Lincolns'", "Title: Health of Abraham Lincoln Content: with a diagnosis of left synostotic frontal plagiocephaly, which is a type of craniosynostosis. Lincoln was contemporaneously described as suffering from \"melancholy,\" a condition which modern mental health professionals would characterize as clinical depression. It was during his time as an Illinois legislator that Joshua Speed said Lincoln anonymously published a suicide poem in the Sangamo Journal; though he was not sure of the date, a suicide poem was published on August 25, 1838, making Lincoln 29 years of age. The poem is called \"The Suicide's Soliloquy;\" historians are still divided on whether or not Lincoln was the author. Whether", "Title: Health of Abraham Lincoln Content: Health of Abraham Lincoln The physical and mental health of Abraham Lincoln has been the subject of both contemporaneous commentary and subsequent hypotheses by historians and scholars. Despite the following occurrences, Lincoln's health up until middle age was fairly good for his day. There were fears for young Lincoln's life during a 24-hour period of unconsciousness that followed a horse kicking him in the head. He was nine years old when this occurred. Lincoln died from a bullet wound to the head in 1865. His other episodes of adult trauma were minor. He was clubbed on the head during a", "Title: Health of Abraham Lincoln Content: he may have suffered from depression as a genetic predilection, as a reaction to multiple emotional traumas in his life, or a combination thereof is the subject of much current conjecture. Lincoln suffered depressed mood after major traumatic events, such as the death of Ann Rutledge in August 1835, the cessation of his (purported) engagement to Mary Todd Lincoln in January 1841 (after which several close associates feared Lincoln's suicide), and after the Second Battle of Bull Run. However, it is not clear that any of these episodes meet modern medical criteria for depression. Mary Lincoln felt her husband to", "Title: Abraham Lincoln Content: the Union without a human contest. Yet the contest began. And having begun, He could give the final victory to either side any day. Yet the contest proceeds.\" On the day Lincoln was assassinated, he reportedly told his wife he desired to visit the Holy Land. Several claims abound that Lincoln's health was declining before the assassination. These are often based on photographs appearing to show weight loss and muscle wasting. One such claim is that he suffered from a rare genetic disorder, MEN2b, which manifests with a medullary thyroid carcinoma, mucosal neuromas and a Marfanoid appearance. Others simply claim", "Title: Abraham Lincoln Content: Abraham Lincoln Abraham Lincoln (February 12, 1809 – April 15, 1865) was an American lawyer and politician who served as the 16th President of the United States from 1861 until his assassination in April 1865. Lincoln led the nation through the Civil War, its bloodiest war and its greatest moral, constitutional, and political crisis. In doing so, he preserved the Union, abolished slavery, strengthened the federal government, and modernized the economy. Born in Kentucky, Lincoln grew up on the western frontier in a poor family. Self-educated, he became a lawyer in Illinois. As a Whig Party leader, he served eight", "Title: Abraham Lincoln Content: Other Abraham Lincoln Abraham Lincoln (February 12, 1809 – April 15, 1865) was an American lawyer and politician who served as the 16th President of the United States from 1861 until his assassination in April 1865. Lincoln led the nation through the Civil War, its bloodiest war and its greatest moral, constitutional, and political crisis. In doing so, he preserved the Union, abolished slavery, strengthened the federal government, and modernized the economy. Born in Kentucky, Lincoln grew up on the western frontier in a poor family. Self-educated, he became a lawyer in Illinois. As a Whig Party leader, he served" ]

[ "Smallpox", "Strabismus", "Marfan syndrome" ]

[ "Title: 2013–14 Vancouver Canucks season Content: began after they were eliminated in the first round of the 2013 Stanley Cup playoffs by the San Jose Sharks. Two weeks later, on May 22, 2013, the Canucks fired head coach Alain Vigneault, as well as assistant coaches Rick Bowness and Newell Brown. Following Vigneault's departure, general manager Mike Gillis conducted head coach interviews with John Stevens, Glen Gulutzan, Dallas Eakins, Scott Arniel, and John Tortorella. There was speculation that former New York Rangers head coach John Tortorella would be hired by the Canucks after he was spotted arriving at the Vancouver Airport on June 21. His hiring was", "Title: 2012–13 Vancouver Canucks season Content: Bowness and Newell Brown. Vigneault left as the all-time winningest coach in Canucks history, while winning two Presidents' Trophies and six Northwest Division titles. A month later, John Tortorella was hired as the new head coach. Tortorella had been fired by the New York Rangers earlier in the off-season following a second round playoff loss to the Boston Bruins. After the coaching situation had been settled, Gillis next turned his attention back to trading Luongo. The Canucks were hoping to make a deal at the 2013 NHL Entry Draft. As the draft approached, it was reported the Canucks were also", "Title: Vancouver Canucks Content: president of hockey operations; Tortorella was also relieved as coach after his one season. On May 21, 2014, Jim Benning was announced as general manager. On June 23, 2014, Willie Desjardins was named the 18th head coach of the Canucks. The team underwent a series of changes under the new management structure: veteran forward Ryan Kesler was traded to the Anaheim Ducks, and defenceman Jason Garrison was traded to the Tampa Bay Lightning, while Ryan Miller and Radim Vrbata were signed as free agents. This season saw the team honour former general manager and head coach Pat Quinn, following his", "Title: 2014–15 Vancouver Canucks season Content: the next two seasons) from the Canucks; Booth's buyout salary will not be applied to Vancouver's salary cap. The next major task for the Canucks was finding a new head coach. Among the candidates Benning interviewed were New York Rangers assistant coach Scott Arniel, and former Pittsburgh Penguins coach Dan Bylsma. Additionally, Texas Stars head coach Willie Desjardins was also one the coaches Benning was long rumoured to have interest in. However, Benning was not able to interview Desjardins until late June, as Desjardins had just won the Calder Cup with Texas. On June 23, the Canucks officially introduced Desjardins", "Title: Anaheim Ducks Content: Vancouver Canucks general manager and president, was appointed general manager and executive vice-president of the Mighty Ducks on June 20, 2005. In January, Samueli announced the team would be renamed as simply the \"Anaheim Ducks\" as of the following season. On August 1, 2005, former Norris Trophy-winning defenseman Randy Carlyle was hired as the seventh head coach in team history. Burke was familiar with Carlyle's coaching ability, as the latter had coached the Manitoba Moose from 1996 to 2001 (International Hockey League) and 2004–05 (American Hockey League); the Moose had been the Canucks farm club since 2001. Carlyle replaced Mike", "Title: Vancouver Canucks Content: players from British Columbia have been selected by the Canucks in the first round of an NHL Entry Draft: Cam Neely in 1983 and Jake Virtanen, taken 6th overall in 2014. These are the top-ten point-scorers in franchise history. Figures are updated after each completed NHL regular season. \"Note: Pos = Position; GP = Games Played; G = Goals; A = Assists; Pts = Points; P/G = Points per game\" There have been 19 head coaches for the Canucks. The franchise's first head coach was Hal Laycoe, who coached the Canucks for two seasons. Alain Vigneault coached the most games", "Title: Vancouver Canucks Content: of any Canucks head coach with 540 games, and has the most points all-time with the Canucks with 683, from the 2006–07 season through the 2012–13 season. He is followed by Marc Crawford, who has 586 points all-time with the Canucks. Vigneault also has the most points in a season of any Canucks coach, with 117 in the 2010–11 season. Roger Neilson is the only Hockey Hall of Fame inductee to coach the Canucks. Quinn and Vigneault are the only two Canucks head coaches to win a Jack Adams Award with the team. Bill LaForge, who coached the start of", "Title: Bob McCammon Content: general manager during the latter. He was also the head coach of the Vancouver Canucks and an assistant coach for the Edmonton Oilers on two different occasions. With Vancouver in 1988–89, he was runner-up to Montreal's Pat Burns for the Jack Adams Trophy as NHL Coach of the Year. He won the Stanley Cup with Edmonton Oilers in 1987 as Director of Player Development, 2002 and 2008 as a scout with Detroit. McCammon's name was added to the Stanley Cup in 2002 with Detroit. He presently is co-owner of the Gastown restaurant So.cial in Vancouver. Ex-Canucks goaltender Kirk McLean is", "Title: Jack McIlhargey Content: 1999, McIlhargey spent eight seasons as head coach of Vancouver's top minor league affiliate in Milwaukee, Hamilton and Syracuse. He was the first head coach in the history of the Syracuse Crunch franchise. In 1999, McIlhargey was voted one of the 30 All-Time Greatest Canucks. On June 22, 2006, he was fired by new head coach Alain Vigneault from his assistant coach position with the Canucks. On September 9, it was announced that McIlhargey would being working as a pro scout for the Vancouver Canucks. Originally hired by the club as special assistant to the general manager in the fall", "Title: Travis Green Content: (AHL) Utica Comets to be their head coach. In the 2014–15 season, he led them to the Calder Cup Finals where they lost in five games to the Manchester Monarchs. On April 26, 2017, he was named head coach of the Vancouver Canucks of the National Hockey League (NHL). Green and his wife Sheree have a daughter and two sons. Travis Green Travis Vernon Green (born December 20, 1970) is an ice hockey coach and former player. He is currently the head coach of the Vancouver Canucks of the National Hockey League (NHL). He previously coached the American Hockey League's" ]

[ "Alain Vigneault" ]

[ "Title: Charles Bertrand Lewis Content: were very popular. His published works include: \"Sawed-Off Sketches\" (1884), \"Field, Fort and Fleet\" (1885), \"Under Fire\" (1886), and \"The Lime-Kiln Club\" (1887). Charles Bertrand Lewis Charles Bertrand Lewis (February 15, 1842 – August 21, 1924), better known by the pen name M. Quad, was an American journalist and humorist. Lewis was born at Liverpool, Ohio, and attended the Michigan Agricultural College. He was a volunteer soldier in the northern army during the civil war. He joined the staff of the \"Detroit Free Press\" in 1869, and became known as a writer of sketches under the pen-name of M. Quad.", "Title: Sinclair Lewis Content: appeared on the lecture platform together, touring the United States and debating before audiences of as many as 3,000 people, addressing such questions as \"Has the Modern Woman Made Good?\", \"The Country Versus the City\", \"Is the Machine Age Wrecking Civilization?\", and \"Can Fascism Happen Here?\". The pair were described as \"the Gallagher and Shean of the lecture circuit\" by Lewis biographer Richard Lingeman. In the early 1940s, Lewis lived in Duluth, Minnesota. During this time, he wrote the novel \"Kingsblood Royal\" (1947), set in the fictional city of Grand Republic, Minnesota, an enlarged and updated version of Zenith. It", "Title: Leon Lewis Content: Leon Lewis Julius Warren Lewis (April 8, 1833 – October 28, 1920) was an American writer of popular fiction. He used the name Leon Lewis and wrote under that name among others. Lewis was born in Southington, Connecticut, the son of James D. Lewis and Patty Bishop. At the age of 21, he was living in Massachusetts and considered himself an author. He began his writing career in Boston, which led him to become editor of the flash paper \"Life in Boston\". Lewis was a summer guest sometime in the 1870s at a boarding house owned by Thomas Nickerson. He", "Title: Charles Bertrand Lewis Content: Charles Bertrand Lewis Charles Bertrand Lewis (February 15, 1842 – August 21, 1924), better known by the pen name M. Quad, was an American journalist and humorist. Lewis was born at Liverpool, Ohio, and attended the Michigan Agricultural College. He was a volunteer soldier in the northern army during the civil war. He joined the staff of the \"Detroit Free Press\" in 1869, and became known as a writer of sketches under the pen-name of M. Quad. His accounts of the proceedings of a supposed society of colored people, to which he gave the name of Brother Gardner's Lime-Kiln Club,", "Title: C. S. Lewis Content: C. S. Lewis Clive Staples Lewis (29 November 1898 – 22 November 1963) was a British writer and lay theologian. He held academic positions in English literature at both Oxford University (Magdalen College, 1925–1954) and Cambridge University (Magdalene College, 1954–1963). He is best known for his works of fiction, especially \"The Screwtape Letters\", \"The Chronicles of Narnia\", and \"The Space Trilogy\", and for his non-fiction Christian apologetics, such as \"Mere Christianity\", \"Miracles\", and \"The Problem of Pain\". Lewis and fellow novelist J. R. R. Tolkien were close friends. They both served on the English faculty at Oxford University, and were", "Title: Sinclair Lewis Content: Lewis followed up this first great success with \"Babbitt\" (1922), a novel that satirized the American commercial culture and boosterism. The story was set in the fictional Midwestern town of Zenith, Winnemac, a setting to which Lewis returned in future novels, including \"Gideon Planish\" and \"Dodsworth\". Lewis continued his success in the 1920s with \"Arrowsmith\" (1925), a novel about the challenges faced by an idealistic doctor. It was awarded the Pulitzer Prize, which Lewis declined, still upset that \"Main Street\" had not won the prize. It was adapted as a 1931 Hollywood film directed by John Ford and starring Ronald", "Title: Norman Lewis (author) Content: Norman Lewis (author) Norman Lewis (28 June 1908 – 22 July 2003) was an influential British journalist and a prolific author. Best known for his travel writing, he also wrote twelve novels and several volumes of autobiography. Subjects he explored in his travel writing include life in Naples during the Allied liberation of Italy (\"Naples '44\"); Vietnam and French colonial Indochina (\"A Dragon Apparent\"); Indonesia (\"An Empire of the East\"); tribal peoples of India (\"A Goddess in the Stones\"); Sicily and the Mafia (\"The Honoured Society\" and \"In Sicily\"); and the destruction caused by Christian missionaries in Latin America and", "Title: C. S. Lewis Content: as did the death of English writer Aldous Huxley, author of \"Brave New World\". This coincidence was the inspiration for Peter Kreeft's book \"Between Heaven and Hell: A Dialog Somewhere Beyond Death with John F. Kennedy, C. S. Lewis, & Aldous Huxley\". Lewis is commemorated on 22 November in the church calendar of the Episcopal Church. Lewis began his academic career as an undergraduate student at Oxford University, where he won a triple first, the highest honours in three areas of study. He was then elected a Fellow of Magdalen College, Oxford, where he worked for nearly thirty years, from", "Title: The Kilns Content: The Kilns The Kilns, also known as C. S. Lewis House, is the house on the outskirts of Headington Quarry (where Lewis is buried at Holy Trinity Church) in the village of Risinghurst, Oxford, England, where the author C. S. Lewis wrote all of his Narnia books and other classics. The house itself was featured in the Narnia books. Lewis's gardener at The Kilns, Fred Paxford, is said to have inspired the character of Puddleglum the Marshwiggle in \"The Silver Chair\". The Kilns was built in 1922 on the site of a former brickworks. The lake in the garden is", "Title: The Kilns Content: The Kilns The Kilns, also known as C. S. Lewis House, is the house on the outskirts of Headington Quarry (where Lewis is buried at Holy Trinity Church) in the village of Risinghurst, Oxford, England, where the author C. S. Lewis wrote all of his Narnia books and other classics. The house itself was featured in the Narnia books. Lewis's gardener at The Kilns, Fred Paxford, is said to have inspired the character of Puddleglum the Marshwiggle in \"The Silver Chair\". The Kilns was built in 1922 on the site of a former brickworks. The lake in the garden is" ]

[ "Belfast" ]

[ "Title: Michael Peña Content: series \"\" (2018). Peña was born in Chicago, Illinois, the son of Nicolasa, a social worker, and Eleuterio Peña, a factory worker. Peña's parents were originally farmers, and emigrated from Mexico; his father was from Villa Purificación, Jalisco, and his mother was from Charcas, San Luis Potosí. He grew up in the North Lawndale area and attended Marist High School. Though Peña has been a regular in independent productions since 1994, his breakthrough performances came in two Best Picture Oscar-winning Paul Haggis-penned films, \"Million Dollar Baby\" (2004) and \"Crash\" (2004). The former was helmed by Clint Eastwood, and the latter", "Title: Carlos Pena Jr. Content: Carlos Pena Jr. Carlos Roberto PenaVega (born Carlos Roberto Pena Jr.; August 15, 1989) is an American actor and singer. He starred on the Nickelodeon series \"Big Time Rush\" as Carlos García, and was a member of the band Big Time Rush. He was the host of the Nickelodeon game show \"Webheads\". Carlos Roberto Pena Jr. was born on August 15, 1989, in Columbia, Missouri. His father is of Spanish and Venezuelan descent; his mother is Dominican. He was raised in Weston, Florida. He attended Sagemont Upper School where he was a cheerleader. He appeared in local productions of \"Grease\"", "Title: Carlos Peña Content: Carlos Peña Carlos Felipe Peña (born May 17, 1978) is a Dominican former professional baseball first baseman. He played in Major League Baseball (MLB) for the Texas Rangers, Oakland Athletics, Detroit Tigers, Boston Red Sox, Tampa Bay Devil Rays/Rays, Chicago Cubs, Houston Astros and Kansas City Royals. Although he was born in Santo Domingo and his family is from San Francisco de Macorís, he spent a significant portion of his childhood in the United States. He is portrayed in the film \"Moneyball\" by actor Adrian Bellani. Peña is the oldest of four children born to Felipe and Juana Marisela Peña.", "Title: Carlos Peña Content: The family moved to the United States from the Dominican Republic when Peña was 12, initially living with one of his uncles. He graduated from Haverhill High School in Haverhill, Massachusetts, in 1995. Peña initially went to Wright State University in Dayton, Ohio, but returned home after one quarter and attended Northeastern, where he studied electrical engineering. As a collegiate player, he competed in the Cape Cod League, which showcases top amateur prospects every summer. He was a member of the Harwich Mariners in 1996 and the Wareham Gatemen in 1997. During his time at Northeastern, Peña led the Huskies", "Title: Marcos Peña Content: Marcos Peña Marcos Peña (born March 15, 1977) Is an Argentine politician, author and political scientist, current Chief of Cabinet of Ministers of the Argentine Nation, after being appointed by President Mauricio Macri, on December 10, 2015. Previously, he had served as Legislator of the City of Buenos Aires by the Commitment to Change Front. He is one of the main advisers of Republican Proposal. He himself led the campaign that led Macri to be elected in 2015 as President of Argentina. Marcos Peña was born in March 15, 1977, in Buenos Aires. Peña is the son of Félix Peña,", "Title: Carlos Peña (singer) Content: Carlos Peña (singer) Carlos Enrique Peña Aldana (born January 9, 1988) is a Guatemalan singer and songwriter. He is the winner of the second season of Latin American Idol. Son of Hugo Peña and Nilsa Aldana de Peña. When he was young, he participated in tennis tournaments in Guatemala City, and joined the CSD Municipal's lower divisions football team. He was introduced to singing through his older brother Hugo (who lives in the USA), who took him to karaoke clubs in Los Angeles. He participated in the first season of Latin American Idol (2006), but did not pass the theater", "Title: Carlos Pena Jr. Content: place. In August 2013, PenaVega became engaged to actress Alexa Vega. The couple married on January 4, 2014, in Puerto Vallarta, Mexico. They are both devout Christians. They share a YouTube channel, LexLovesLos. The couple had a son on December 7, 2016. Carlos Pena Jr. Carlos Roberto PenaVega (born Carlos Roberto Pena Jr.; August 15, 1989) is an American actor and singer. He starred on the Nickelodeon series \"Big Time Rush\" as Carlos García, and was a member of the band Big Time Rush. He was the host of the Nickelodeon game show \"Webheads\". Carlos Roberto Pena Jr. was born", "Title: Ignacio Peña Content: he has been nominated for five NATAS Suncoast Chapter Emmy Awards, winning two for the WIPR-TV Short Subject documentaries \"Por Qué Conmemoramos\" (Why We Commemorate) and \"Soy De Una Raza Pura\" (I Am From A Pure Race) respectively. Ignacio Peña was born in Rio Piedras, Puerto Rico to parents Ignacio Peña Feliciano and Miriam Vidal Otani. His father was a salesman and his mother a secretary. His mother is of Japanese descent. His grandfather was a soldier in the US Army during the Second World War stationed in Okinawa. There he met Eiko Otani whom he would marry and bring", "Title: Enrique Peña Nieto Content: Enrique Peña Nieto Enrique Peña Nieto (; born 20 July 1966), commonly referred to by his initials EPN, is a Mexican politician who served as the 57th President of Mexico, from 2012 to 2018. He previously served in the State of Mexico as Secretary of Administration (2000–2002), Representative (2003–2004), and State Governor (2005–2011). Born in Atlacomulco and raised in Toluca, Peña Nieto attended Panamerican University graduating with a B.A. in legal studies. He began his political career after attaining a M.B.A. from ITESM, by joining the Institutional Revolutionary Party (PRI) in 1984. After serving as a public notary in Mexico", "Title: Carlos de Beistegui Content: are Spanish through his Mexican parents. He was born the heir to a huge Mexican fortune, to parents of Basque origin, and a mother (Dolores de Yturbe), both of whose ancestors had migrated from Spain to Mexico in the 18th century. The family made its fortune there in silver, agriculture, and real estate but left Mexico after the execution of Emperor Maximilian in 1867. Beistegui was, however, born in Paris to Mexican parents, and travelled under a Spanish diplomatic passport. He was brought up in France, Spain and England, and only ever visited Mexico twice, briefly. His family members held" ]

[ "Dominican Republic" ]

[ "Title: Thomas Jefferson Content: Thomas Jefferson Thomas Jefferson (April 13, [O.S. April 2] 1743 – July 4, 1826) was an American Founding Father, the principal author of the Declaration of Independence, and the third President of the United States from 1801 to 1809. Previously, he had been elected the second Vice President of the United States, serving under John Adams from 1797 to 1801. Jefferson was a proponent of democracy, republicanism, and individual rights motivating American colonists to break from the Kingdom of Great Britain and form a new nation; he produced formative documents and decisions at both the state and national level. Jefferson", "Title: Early life and career of Thomas Jefferson Content: Early life and career of Thomas Jefferson Thomas Jefferson, the third president of the United States, was involved in politics from his early adult years. This article covers his early life and career, through his writing the Declaration of Independence, participation in the American Revolutionary War, serving as governor of Virginia, and election and service as Vice-President to President John Adams. Born into the planter class of Virginia, Jefferson was highly educated and valued his years at the College of William and Mary. He became an attorney and planter, building on the estate and 20–40 slaves inherited from his father.", "Title: Thomas Jefferson Content: was mainly of English ancestry, born and educated in colonial Virginia. He graduated from the College of William & Mary and briefly practiced law, with the largest number of his cases concerning land ownership claims. During the American Revolution, he represented Virginia in the Continental Congress that adopted the Declaration, drafted the law for religious freedom as a Virginia legislator, and served as a wartime governor (1779–1781). He became the United States Minister to France in May 1785, and subsequently the nation's first Secretary of State in 1790–1793 under President George Washington. Jefferson and James Madison organized the Democratic-Republican Party", "Title: Thomas Jefferson Content: land, including Monticello. He assumed full authority over his property at age 21. Jefferson began his childhood education beside the Randolph children with tutors at Tuckahoe. Thomas' father, Peter, was self-taught, and regretting not having a formal education, he entered Thomas into an English school early, at age five. In 1752, at age nine, he began attending a local school run by a Scottish Presbyterian minister and also began studying the natural world, for which he grew to love. At this time he began studying Latin, Greek, and French, while also learning to ride horses. Thomas also read books from", "Title: Jefferson Memorial Content: Jefferson Memorial The Jefferson Memorial is a presidential memorial in Washington, D.C., dedicated to Thomas Jefferson (1743–1826), one of the most important of the American Founding Fathers as the main drafter and writer of the Declaration of Independence, member of the Continental Congress, governor of the newly independent Commonwealth of Virginia, American minister to King Louis XVI, and the Kingdom of France, first U.S. Secretary of State under the first President George Washington, the second Vice President of the United States under second President John Adams, and also the third President (1801–1809), as well as being the founder of the", "Title: Science and technology in the United States Content: state, vice president under John Adams (1735-1826), writer of the Declaration of Independence and the third U.S. president. During Jefferson’s two terms in office (1801-1809), the U.S. purchased the Louisiana Territory and Lewis and Clark explored the vast new acquisition. After leaving office, he retired to his Virginia plantation, Monticello, and helped spearhead the University of Virginia. Jefferson was also a student of agriculture who introduced various types of rice, olive trees, and grasses into the New World. He stressed the scientific aspect of the Lewis and Clark expedition (1804–06), which explored the Pacific Northwest, and detailed, systematic information on", "Title: Early life and career of Thomas Jefferson Content: minister. At the age of nine, Jefferson began studying Latin, Greek, and French; he learned to ride horses, and began to appreciate the study of nature. He studied under the Reverend James Maury from 1758 to 1760 near Gordonsville, Virginia. While boarding with Maury's family, he studied history, science and the classics. At age 16, Jefferson entered the College of William & Mary in Williamsburg, and first met the law professor George Wythe, who became his influential mentor. For two years he studied mathematics, metaphysics, and philosophy under Professor William Small, who introduced the enthusiastic Jefferson to the writings of", "Title: Randolph family of Virginia Content: seventh Governor of Virginia, the second Secretary of State, and the first United States Attorney General. Thomas Jefferson, great-grandson of William Randolph, was a Virginia Burgess for Albemarle County and the principal author of the Declaration of Independence. At the beginning of the American Revolution he was a delegate to the Continental Congress for Virginia, also serving as a wartime Governor of Virginia. Just after the war ended, from mid-1784 Jefferson served as a diplomat to Paris and became the United States Minister to France. He was the first United States Secretary of State (1790–1793) serving under President George Washington.", "Title: American Sphinx Content: Ellis showed how Jefferson shied away from public attention. According to Ellis, Jefferson gave just two public speeches as President of the United States. Thomas Jefferson felt far more comfortable writing, to which the Declaration of Independence attests, than public speaking. He worked extensively behind the scenes with other politicians to accomplish his political programs and create alliances. Ellis praises Thomas Jefferson's first term as one of the most successful of any US presidency in terms of achieving stated goals; in his first term, Jefferson made the Louisiana Purchase, which would so affect the character of the United States, and", "Title: Early life and career of Thomas Jefferson Content: back away from France would be to undermine the cause of republicanism in America.\" As vice president, Jefferson conducted secret talks with the French, in which he advocated that the French government take a more aggressive position against the American government, which he thought was too close to the British. He succeeded in getting the American ambassador expelled from France. As the Democratic-Republican presidential candidate in 1796, Jefferson lost to John Adams, but had enough electoral votes to become Vice President (1797–1801). One of the chief duties of a Vice president is presiding over the Senate, and Jefferson was concerned" ]

[ "Teacher", "Philosopher", "Farmer", "Architect", "Lawyer", "Archaeologist", "Author", "Inventor", "Writer", "Statesman" ]

[ "Title: Cheyenne language Content: Cheyenne language The Cheyenne language (), is the Native American language spoken by the Cheyenne people, predominantly in present-day Montana and Oklahoma, in the United States. It is part of the Algonquian language family. Like all other Algonquian languages, it has complex agglutinative morphology. This language is considered endangered, at different levels, in both states. Cheyenne is one of the Algonquian languages, which is a sub-category of the Algic languages. Specifically, it is a Plains Algonquian language. However, Plains Algonquian, which also includes Arapaho and Blackfoot, is an areal rather than genetic subgrouping. Cheyenne is spoken on the Northern Cheyenne", "Title: Cheyenne Content: to one another, similarly bred, like us, our people, or us. The term for the Cheyenne homeland is \"Tsiihistano.\" The Cheyenne of Montana and Oklahoma speak the Cheyenne language, known as \"Tsêhésenêstsestôtse\" (common spelling: Tsisinstsistots). Approximately 800 people speak Cheyenne in Oklahoma. There are only a handful of vocabulary differences between the two locations. The Cheyenne alphabet contains 14 letters. The Cheyenne language is one of the larger Algonquian-language group. Formerly, the Só'taeo'o (Só'taétaneo'o) or Suhtai (Sutaio) bands of Southern and Northern Cheyenne spoke \"Só'taéka'ęškóne\" or \"Só'taenęstsestôtse\", a language so close to \"Tsêhésenêstsestôtse\" (Cheyenne language), that it is sometimes termed", "Title: Cheyenne Content: Cheyenne The Cheyenne ( ) are one of the indigenous peoples of the Great Plains and their language is of the Algonquian language family. The Cheyenne comprise two Native American tribes, the Só'taeo'o or Só'taétaneo'o (more commonly spelled as Suhtai or Sutaio) and the Tsétsêhéstâhese (also spelled Tsitsistas). These tribes merged in the early 19th century. Today, the Cheyenne people are split into two federally recognized Nations: the Southern Cheyenne, who are enrolled in the Cheyenne and Arapaho Tribes in Oklahoma, and the Northern Cheyenne, who are enrolled in the Northern Cheyenne Tribe of the Northern Cheyenne Indian Reservation in", "Title: Cheyenne language Content: \"speakers of both Cheyenne dialects—perhaps mixed bands—were involved in the Arapaho contact that led to this unusual reflex of PA *k.\". Some Cheyenne words (with the Proto-Algonquian reconstructions where known): Early work was done on the Cheyenne language by Rodolphe Charles Petter, a Mennonite missionary based in Lame Deer, Montana, from 1916. Petter published a mammoth dictionary of Cheyenne in 1915. Cheyenne language The Cheyenne language (), is the Native American language spoken by the Cheyenne people, predominantly in present-day Montana and Oklahoma, in the United States. It is part of the Algonquian language family. Like all other Algonquian languages,", "Title: Cheyenne language Content: Indian Reservation in Montana and in Oklahoma. At the Northern Cheyenne Indian Reservation, where as of March 2013, there were approximately 10,050 enrolled tribal members, of which about 4,939 resided on the reservation; slightly more than a quarter of the population five years or older spoke a language other than English. The Cheyenne language is considered \"definitely endangered\" in Montana and \"critically endangered\" in Oklahoma by the UNESCO. In Montana the number of speakers are about 1700 according to the UNESCO. In the state of Oklahoma, there are only 400 elderly speakers. There is no current information on any other", "Title: Cheyenne Content: to have these characteristics. An infusion of the pulverized leaves and blossoms of tansy is used for dizziness and weakness. They give dried leaves of Sagittaria cuneata to horses for urinary troubles and for a sore mouth. Cheyenne The Cheyenne ( ) are one of the indigenous peoples of the Great Plains and their language is of the Algonquian language family. The Cheyenne comprise two Native American tribes, the Só'taeo'o or Só'taétaneo'o (more commonly spelled as Suhtai or Sutaio) and the Tsétsêhéstâhese (also spelled Tsitsistas). These tribes merged in the early 19th century. Today, the Cheyenne people are split into", "Title: Cheyenne language Content: language preservation for Montana tribes. Classes in the Cheyenne language are available at Chief Dull Knife College in Lame Deer, Montana, at Southwestern Oklahoma State University, and at Watonga High School in Watonga, Oklahoma. Cheyenne has three basic vowel qualities ([e a o]) that take four tones: high tone as in á [á]); low tone as in a [à]; mid tone as in ā [ā]; and rising tone as in ô [ǒ]. Tones are often not represented in the orthography. Vowels can also be voiceless (e.g. ė [e̥]). The high and low tones are phonemic, while voiceless vowels' occurrence is", "Title: Cheyenne language Content: *\"k\" gives glottal catch in a word-final syllable (after the loss of some final syllables) and drops elsewhere, leaving the vowel increment. Sutaio \"'k\" clusters are all reduced to glottal catch.\" Cheyenne is a morphologically polysynthetic language with a sophisticated, agglutinating verb system contrasting a relatively simple noun structure. Many Cheyenne verbs can stand alone in sentences, and can be translated by complete English sentences. Aside from its verb structure, Cheyenne has several grammatical features that are typical of Algonquian languages, including an animate/inanimate noun classification paradigm, an obviative third person and distinction of clusivity in the first person plural", "Title: Cheyenne and Arapaho Tribes Content: Minnesota. Grinnell notes the Cheyenne language is a unique branch of the Algonquian language family and, The Nation itself, is descended from two related tribes, the Tsitsistas and the Suh' Tai. The latter is believed to have joined the Tsitsistas in the early 18th century (1: 1-2). The Tsitsistas and the Suh' Tai are characterized, and represented by two cultural heroes who received divine articles which shaped the time-honored belief systems of the Southern and Northern families of the Cheyenne Nation. The Suh' Tai, represented by a man named Erect Horns, were blessed with the care of a sacred Buffalo", "Title: History of Montana Content: northern Wyoming. In the 19th century, Crow warriors were allies and scouts for the United States Army The modern Crow Indian Reservation is Montana's largest reservation, located in southeastern Montana along the Big Horn River, in the vicinity of Hardin, Montana. The Cheyenne have a reservation in the southeastern portion of the state, east and adjacent to the Crow. The Cheyenne language is part of the larger Algonquian language group, but it is one of the few Plains Algonquian languages to have developed tonal characteristics. The closest linguistic relatives of the Cheyenne language are Arapaho and Ojibwa. Little is known" ]

[ "English Language", "Cheyenne Language" ]

[ "Title: Jane Wyman Content: Jane Wyman Jane Wyman (born Sarah Jane Mayfield; January 5, 1917 – September 10, 2007) was an American actress, singer, dancer, and philanthropist whose career spanned seven decades. She was also the first wife of actor Ronald Reagan (later the 40th President of the United States). They married in 1940 and divorced in 1949. Wyman's professional career began at age 16 in 1933, when she signed with Warner Bros. Wyman followed common practice at the time when she added three years to her age. A popular contract player, she frequently played the leading lady, her roles including starring alongside William", "Title: Jane Wyman Content: two successful TV series, and was nominated for an Academy Award four times, winning once. Wyman married five times and had four husbands. Wyman married salesman Ernest Eugene Wyman (1906 – 1970) in Los Angeles, California on April 8, 1933. Wyman recorded her name as 'Jane Fulks' on the wedding certificate. She also listed foster parents Emma and Richard Fulks as her parents. In keeping with the tendency of making herself older than she really was, she gave her age as 19 on the document. Truthfully, she had turned 16 just 3 months prior. The couple would divorce after 2", "Title: Jane Wyman Content: States president who was still living at the time to have her former husband become president. Although she remained silent during Reagan's political career, she told a newspaper interviewer in 1968 that this was not because she was bitter, or because she did not agree with him politically: In spite of her divorce and according to her former personal assistant, she still voted for her former husband in the 1980 and 1984 presidential elections. Following her divorce from Reagan, Wyman married German-American Hollywood music director and composer Frederick M. \"Fred\" Karger (1916 – 1979) on November 1, 1952, at El", "Title: Jane Wyman Content: several years, film exhibitors voted Wyman as among the most popular stars in the country: The Martin and Lewis Show Jane Wyman November 30, 1951 Wyman has two stars on the Hollywood Walk of Fame; one for motion pictures at 6607 Hollywood Boulevard and one for television at 1620 Vine Street. Jane Wyman Jane Wyman (born Sarah Jane Mayfield; January 5, 1917 – September 10, 2007) was an American actress, singer, dancer, and philanthropist whose career spanned seven decades. She was also the first wife of actor Ronald Reagan (later the 40th President of the United States). They married in", "Title: Jane Wyman Content: years. Wyman kept her first husband's surname professionally for the remainder of her life. Wyman married Myron Martin Futterman (1900 – 1965), a dress manufacturer, in New Orleans on June 29, 1937. As Wyman wanted children but Futterman did not, they separated after only three months of marriage and divorced on December 5, 1938. In 1938, Wyman co-starred with Ronald Reagan in \"Brother Rat\" (1938), and its sequel \"Brother Rat and a Baby\" (1940). They were engaged at the Chicago Theatre, and married on January 26, 1940, at the Wee Kirk o' the Heather Church, Glendale, California. She and Reagan", "Title: Jane Wyman Content: had three children; Maureen Elizabeth Reagan (1941 – 2001), their adopted son Michael Edward Reagan (born March 18, 1945), and Christine Reagan (born prematurely on June 26, 1947, and died later the same day). Wyman, who was a registered Republican, stated that their break-up was due to a difference in politics (Ronald Reagan was still a Democrat at the time). She filed for divorce in 1948; the divorce was finalized in 1949. In 1981, Ronald Reagan became the first person to assume the nation's highest office as a divorced man. This made Wyman the first former wife of a United", "Title: Jane Wyman Content: career, calling herself \"Jane Durrell\" and adding years to her birthdate to work legally, as she would have been under-aged. After dropping out of Lafayette in 1932 at age 15, she returned to Hollywood, taking on odd jobs as a manicurist and a switchboard operator, before obtaining small parts in such films as \"The Kid from Spain\" (as a \"Goldwyn Girl\"; 1932), \"My Man Godfrey\" (1936), and \"Cain and Mabel\" (1936). She signed a contract with Warner Brothers in 1936. By the time she starred in \"Public Wedding\" in 1937, she was already divorced from first husband Ernest Wyman. However,", "Title: Edgar Rice Burroughs Content: (1913–1979), later known for his illustrations of his father's books. In the 1920s, Burroughs became a pilot, purchased a Security Airster S-1, and encouraged his family to learn to fly. Daughter Joan married \"Tarzan\" film actor, James Pierce, starring with her husband, as the voice of \"Jane\", during 1932-34 for the \"Tarzan\" radio series. The pair were wed for more than forty years, until her death, in 1972. Burroughs divorced Emma in 1934 and, in 1935, married the former actress Florence Gilbert Dearholt, who was the former wife of his friend (who was then remarrying himself), Ashton Dearholt, with whom", "Title: Jane Wyman Content: show ended after three seasons. She was later cast in two unsold pilots during the 1960s and 1970s. After those pilots were not picked up, Wyman went into semi-retirement and remained there for most of the 1970s, although she did make guest appearances on \"Charlie's Angels\" and \"The Love Boat\". In the spring of 1981 (a few months after her ex-husband became the president), Wyman's career enjoyed a resurgence when she was cast as the scheming Californian vintner and matriarch Angela Channing in \"The Vintage Years\", which was retooled as the primetime soap opera \"Falcon Crest\". The series, which ran", "Title: B. D. Hyman Content: minor role as the next-door neighbor's daughter in \"What Ever Happened to Baby Jane?\" (1962), in which her mother co-starred with Joan Crawford. These were her only acting appearances on film. B. D. met Jeremy Hyman, the British nephew of Seven Arts Productions owner Elliott Hyman, on a blind date for the film's showing at the Cannes Film Festival in 1963, and the couple wed when B. D. was age 16 and Jeremy was age 29. Her mother Bette Davis gave her consent and publicly supported this underage marriage. The couple remain wed after 50-plus years and have two sons," ]

[ "Bing Crosby & Jane Wyman" ]

[ "Title: Mickey Goldmill Content: Mickey Goldmill Michael \"Mickey\" Goldmill was a fictional character created by Sylvester Stallone and portrayed by Burgess Meredith in the \"Rocky\" film series. Meredith was nominated for the Academy Award for Best Supporting Actor for his performance in the first film, as was his co-star Burt Young. The character's gravelly voice, intense demeanor and popular catch phrases helped make him highly recognizable as well as a common source of parody and satire in pop culture. Mickey may be based on Charley Goldman. Both were bantamweights, were Jewish, and have similar-sounding names. In addition, Goldman was the boxing trainer of Rocky", "Title: Mickey Goldmill Content: in between rounds. In \"Rocky Legends\", the player earns money for winning fights, which can be then be used to buy venues or unlock boxers. One such boxer is a younger Mickey Goldmill when he was in active boxing, before he turned to managing. Mickey Goldmill Michael \"Mickey\" Goldmill was a fictional character created by Sylvester Stallone and portrayed by Burgess Meredith in the \"Rocky\" film series. Meredith was nominated for the Academy Award for Best Supporting Actor for his performance in the first film, as was his co-star Burt Young. The character's gravelly voice, intense demeanor and popular catch", "Title: Burgess Meredith Content: Preminger, who cast him in \"Advise and Consent\" (1962), \"The Cardinal\" (1963), \"In Harm's Way\" (1965), \"Hurry Sundown\" (1967), \"Skidoo\" (1968), and \"Such Good Friends\" (1971). He was in \"Madame X\" (with Lana Turner, 1966) and \"Stay Away Joe\" (1968), appearing as the father of Elvis Presley's character. He was acclaimed by critics for his performance as Harry Greene in \"The Day of the Locust\" (1975) and received nominations for the BAFTA, Golden Globe, and Academy Award for best supporting actor. Meredith then played Rocky Balboa's trainer Mickey Goldmill in the first three \"Rocky\" films (1976, 1979, and 1982). Though", "Title: Rocky Balboa (film) Content: in the original \"Rocky\"; she was portrayed by Jodi Letizia. For the final film, Marie is portrayed by Geraldine Hughes. (Although Letizia did reprise the role for \"Rocky V\", the sole scene in which she appeared was deleted. In it, Marie was homeless on the streets of Philadelphia.) Another recognizable character who appeared in the previous five films, sportscaster Stu Nahan, provided the commentary for the computer-generated fight between Dixon and Balboa. Nahan was part of the ringside commentary team during all the bouts in the first three films and the Apollo Creed/Ivan Drago fight in Rocky IV. He was", "Title: Burt Young Content: Italian-American characters, the best-known example being his signature role as Rocky Balboa's friend (and future brother-in-law) Paulie in \"Rocky\" (1976), for which he received an Oscar nomination for Best Supporting Actor. He is one of four actors (the other three being Sylvester Stallone, Stu Nahan and Tony Burton) who have appeared in all of the first six \"Rocky\" films (although Talia Shire, who appears in the first five films, makes a flashback appearance in the sixth). Young did not reprise his role in the 2015 film \"Creed\", with the character described as having died in 2012. He has played similar", "Title: Adrian Pennino Content: Adrian Pennino Adrianna \"Adrian\" Balboa (née Pennino; March 10, 1950 – January 11, 2002) is a fictional character from the \"Rocky\" series, played by Talia Shire. Shire was nominated for the Academy Award for Best Actress for her portrayal of Adrian in \"Rocky\". The final scene in \"Rocky II\", in which Rocky yells \"Yo Adrian, I did it!\", has been named by film enthusiasts as one of the most iconic quotes in sports film history. Originally, Stallone offered Carrie Snodgress the role of Adrian, but she turned it down due to the low salary she was offered. Susan Sarandon was", "Title: Rocky (film series) Content: Adrian returns to the pet store she used to work at, while (in a subplot) Rocky (Robert) Jr. (played by Sylvester Stallone's real son Sage) deals with bullying at his school and Rocky re-opens Mickey's old gym. While training other boxers, Rocky meets a young, hungry boxer named Tommy Gunn (played by real-life fighter Tommy Morrison) and begins training him which results in a strained relationship with Robert. Unfortunately, as Tommy begins his rise to fame under Rocky's wing, a sleazy fight promoter named George Washington Duke convinces Tommy that Rocky is holding him back and Tommy leaves Rocky for", "Title: Rocky Content: in the story, with Apollo Creed and Adrian cast unusually late by production standards (both were ultimately cast on the same day). Real-life boxer Ken Norton was initially sought for the role of Apollo Creed, but he pulled out and the role was ultimately given to Carl Weathers. Norton had had three fights with Muhammad Ali, upon whom Creed was loosely based. According to \"The Rocky Scrapbook\", Carrie Snodgress was originally chosen to play Adrian, but a money dispute forced the producers to look elsewhere. Susan Sarandon auditioned for the role but was deemed too pretty for the character. After", "Title: The Rockford Files Content: stated, the way Jim and Rocky talk about her would seem to indicate she had died (before the series' start). Rocky was portrayed by Noah Beery, Jr. (nephew of actor Wallace Beery) except in the 1974 pilot film, where he was portrayed by Robert Donley. Though much of the character's backstory is the same, in the pilot Rocky is portrayed as more of a small-time grifter and operator—at one point, working with a partner, Rocky unsuccessfully tries to run a minor scam on Jim, his own son. This element of Rocky's character would largely be dropped as the series started,", "Title: Rocky (1981 film) Content: Rocky (1981 film) Rocky is a 1981 Bollywood romantic action film directed by Sunil Dutt. This film marks the debut of Sunil Dutt's son Sanjay Dutt and also stars Reena Roy, Tina Munim, Amjad Khan, Raakhee, Shakti Kapoor and Aruna Irani. Aruna Irani received a Filmfare Nomination for Best Supporting Actress, the only nomination for the film. Shammi Kapoor plays himself, where he gets to judge dancers to the famous song \"Aa Dekhe Zara,\" where Sanjay Dutt and Reena Roy as a pair compete against Shakti Kapoor and Tina Munim. The film was released only a few days after the" ]

[ "Wayne Allwine" ]

[ "Title: Peruvian Spanish Content: Peruvian Spanish Peruvian Spanish is a family of dialects of the Spanish language that have been spoken in Peru since 1532. There are four varieties spoken in the country, by about 80% of the population. The four Peruvian dialects are Andean Spanish; Peruvian Coast Spanish; Andean-Costal Spanish or \"neolimeño;\" and Amazonic Spanish. The Spanish language first arrived in what today is Peru in 1532. During colonial and early republican times, the Spanish spoken colloquially in the coast and in the cities of the highland possessed strong local features, but as a result of dialect leveling in favor of the standard", "Title: Peruvian Spanish Content: Lima with the Amazonian languages. It has a distinctive tonal structure. Phonetically it is characterized by: On the other hand, the syntactic order most recognized is the prefixation of the genitive: There are also disorders of agreement, gender, etc. This dialect is spoken in the region of Tumbes. Peruvian Spanish Peruvian Spanish is a family of dialects of the Spanish language that have been spoken in Peru since 1532. There are four varieties spoken in the country, by about 80% of the population. The four Peruvian dialects are Andean Spanish; Peruvian Coast Spanish; Andean-Costal Spanish or \"neolimeño;\" and Amazonic Spanish.", "Title: Peruvian Ribereño Spanish Content: Peruvian Ribereño Spanish Peruvian Ribereño Spanish or Peruvian Coastal Spanish is the form of the Spanish language spoken in the coastal region of Peru. The Spanish spoken in Coastal Peru has four characteristic forms today: the original one, that of the inhabitants of Lima (known as \"limeños\") near the Pacific coast and parts south, (formerly from the old section of the city from where it spread to the entire coastal region); the inland immigrant sociolect (more influenced by Andean languages); the Northern, in Trujillo, Chiclayo or Piura; and the Southern. The majority of Peruvians speak Peruvian Coast Spanish, as Peruvian", "Title: Languages of Peru Content: Languages of Peru Peru is a multilingual nation. Its official language is Spanish. In the zones in which they are predominant, Quechua, Aymara and other aboriginal languages also have co-official status according to Article 48 of the Constitution of Peru. In addition to Spanish, Quechua and Aymara, there are many Amazonian languages such as Urarina, Aguaruna and Peruvian Sign Language. In Peru, the most common language is Spanish, which is spoken by the majority of Peruvians (85.92% of the total population). Spanish is predominant in the media and in government. The only aboriginal Andean languages in use in the highlands", "Title: Geography of Peru Content: migration has brought to Peru sustenance problems like instability and food shortage. There are around 93 living languages that are spoken in the country of Peru with 91 native languages and two foreign. The official language spoken is Spanish. While Spanish is Peru's official language, many Peruvians speak their indigenous languages, the most popular being Quechua, both the Cusco and Ayacucho dialects. Quechua, Peru's most widely spoken native language, is split into 14 dialects across the Andes and is spoken by 7,735,620 people in Peru. The most prominent dialects consist of Ayacucho Quechua with 900,000 speakers, though declining and Cusco", "Title: Peruvian Ribereño Spanish Content: in the 1970s and 1980s with the experience of military dictatorships and the ever-present threat of terrorist activities from Maoist groups such as the MRTA and Sendero Luminoso. Peruvian Ribereño Spanish Peruvian Ribereño Spanish or Peruvian Coastal Spanish is the form of the Spanish language spoken in the coastal region of Peru. The Spanish spoken in Coastal Peru has four characteristic forms today: the original one, that of the inhabitants of Lima (known as \"limeños\") near the Pacific coast and parts south, (formerly from the old section of the city from where it spread to the entire coastal region); the", "Title: Quechuan languages Content: Quechuan languages Quechua (, ; ), usually called Runasimi (\"people's language\") in Quechuan languages, is an indigenous language family spoken by the Quechua peoples, primarily living in the Andes and highlands of South America. Derived from a common ancestral language, it is the most widely spoken language family of indigenous peoples of the Americas, with a total of probably some 8–10 million speakers. Approximately 25% (7.7 million) of Peruvians speak a Quechuan language. It is perhaps most widely known for being the main language family of the Inca Empire. The Spanish colonisers initially encouraged its use, but from the middle", "Title: Candoshi-Shapra language Content: Candoshi-Shapra language Candoshi-Shapra (also known as Candoshi, Candoxi, Kandoshi, and Murato) is an indigenous American language isolate, spoken by several thousand people in western South America along the Chapuli, Huitoyacu, Pastaza, and Morona river valleys. There are two dialects, Chapara (also spelled Shapra) and Kandoashi. It is an official language of Peru, like other native languages in the areas in which they are spoken and are the predominant language in use. Around 88.5 percent of the speakers are bilingual with Spanish. The literacy rate in Candoshi-Shapra is 10 to 30 percent and 15 to 25 percent in the second language", "Title: Peru Content: Piura, Iquitos, Cusco, Chimbote, and Huancayo; all reported more than 250,000 inhabitants in the 2007 census. There are 15 uncontacted Amerindian tribes in Peru. According to the Peruvian Constitution of 1993, Peru's official languages are Spanish and Quechua, Aymara and other indigenous languages in areas where they predominate. Spanish is spoken by 84.1% of the population and Quechua by 13%, Aymara by 1.7% while other languages make up the remaining 1.2%. Spanish is used by the government and is the mainstream language of the country, which is used by the media and in educational systems and commerce. Amerindians who live", "Title: Southern Quechua Content: Southern Quechua Southern Quechua (Quechua: Urin qichwa, ), or simply Quechua (Qichwa or Qhichwa), is the most widely spoken of the major regional groupings of mutually intelligible dialects within the Quechua language family, with about 6.9 million speakers. It is also the most widely spoken indigenous language in the entire New World. The term \"Southern Quechua\" refers to the Quechuan varieties spoken in regions of the Andes south of a line roughly east-west between the cities of Huancayo and Huancavelica in central Peru. It includes the Quechua varieties spoken in the regions of Ayacucho, Cusco and Puno in Peru, in" ]

[ "Puquina Language", "Aymara language", "Spanish Language", "Waorani Language", "Omagua Language", "Quechua" ]

[ "Title: Kesler Woodward Content: of the Alaska Arts and Culture Foundation, the Western States Arts Federation, and the Alaska State Council on the Arts. As art historian and curator, Woodward authored six books on Alaskan art including the first survey of fine arts in Alaska, \"Painting in the North\" and \"Painting Alaska\", as well as \"Spirit of the North: The Art of Eustace Paul Ziegler\", \"A Northern Adventure: The Art of Fred Machetanz (1908-2002)\". During the 1990s, he also authored \"The Changing Image of the Native Alaskan in the Work of Explorer Artists\", published in \"Enlightenment and Exploration in the North Pacific, 1741-1805\"; \"Persuasive", "Title: Alaska (novel) Content: Michener was working on \"Alaska\". Michener's picture is credited to Michael A. Lewis of the Sheldon Jackson College in Sitka, Alaska. Michener's novel \"Journey\" (1989), was expanded from a section originally cut from \"Alaska\". Alaska (novel) Alaska is a historical novel by James A. Michener. Like other Michener titles, \"Alaska\" spans a considerable amount of time, traced through the gradual interlinking of several families. \"Alaska\" is 868 pages long. Along with the reading, Michener provides a table of contents, a list of acknowledgements, and a \"Fact and Fiction\" section. The third item offers the reader an insight into what occurred", "Title: Alaska (novel) Content: Alaska (novel) Alaska is a historical novel by James A. Michener. Like other Michener titles, \"Alaska\" spans a considerable amount of time, traced through the gradual interlinking of several families. \"Alaska\" is 868 pages long. Along with the reading, Michener provides a table of contents, a list of acknowledgements, and a \"Fact and Fiction\" section. The third item offers the reader an insight into what occurred in real life and what the author invented. A sweeping description of the formation of the North American continent. The reader follows the development of the Alaskan terrain over millennia. The city of Los", "Title: Brian Payton Content: \"The Boston Globe\", \"Canadian Geographic\". \"Shadow of the Bear: Travels in Vanishing Wilderness\" is a work of narrative nonfiction, which chronicles a personal search for the eight remaining bear species across continents, cultures, and memory. Payton's book \"The Ice Passage: A True Story of Ambition, Disaster, and Endurance in the Arctic Wilderness\" (Doubleday Canada), is a narrative nonfiction account of the final voyage of HMS \"Investigator\". His latest book, a novel, \"The Wind is Not a River\" is set in Alaska during the Japanese invasion of the Aleutian Islands of Attu and Kiska. The New York Times, in a review", "Title: Looking for Alaska Content: would be adapting the novel into an 8-episode limited series. On October 30, 2018, John Green announced the lead cast: Kristine Froseth as Alaska, and Charlie Plummer as Miles. Looking for Alaska Looking for Alaska is John Green's first novel, published in March 2005 by Dutton Juvenile. It won the 2006 Michael L. Printz Award from the American Library Association, and led the association's list of most-challenged books in 2015 due to profanity and sexually explicit scenes. \"Looking for Alaska\" is inspired by Green's own experiences as a high school student. The story is told through the first-person narration of", "Title: Alaska (1996 film) Content: Alaska (1996 film) Alaska is a 1996 American adventure survival film directed by Fraser Clarke Heston and produced by Andy Burg. The story, written by Burg and Scott Myers, centers on two children who search through the Alaskan wilderness for their lost father. During their journey they find a polar bear that helps lead them to their father. However, a poacher with a desire to capture the bear follows close behind the kids and the polar bear. The movie was filmed primarily in the Purcell Mountains of British Columbia in Canada and the city of Vancouver. The film was a", "Title: Looking for Alaska Content: Looking for Alaska Looking for Alaska is John Green's first novel, published in March 2005 by Dutton Juvenile. It won the 2006 Michael L. Printz Award from the American Library Association, and led the association's list of most-challenged books in 2015 due to profanity and sexually explicit scenes. \"Looking for Alaska\" is inspired by Green's own experiences as a high school student. The story is told through the first-person narration of teenager Miles \"Pudge\" Halter, as he enrolls in a boarding school in order to \"seek a Great Perhaps\", in the words of François Rabelais. Pudge meets one student in", "Title: Looking for Alaska Content: Miles has grown throughout the year. Book reviews often note this theme, bringing up the instances in the book such as grief that cause the characters to look at life from a new and more mature perspective. Scholar Barb Dean also concludes that the characters grow up faster than expected while investigating Alaska's death because exploring the concept of the labyrinth of suffering is Miles' \"rite of passage\" into adulthood, and he learns more about himself through grieving for Alaska. Reviews also note activities such as drinking and smoking, which, though controversial, are often viewed as rites of passage by", "Title: Looking for Alaska Content: reviewers agree that this is a coming of age story that is appealing to both older and younger readers. There has been much controversy surrounding this novel, however, especially in school settings. Parents and school administrators have questioned the novel's language, sexual content, and depiction of tobacco and alcohol use. \"Looking for Alaska\" has been featured on the American Library Association's list of Frequently Challenged Books in 2008, 2012, 2013, 2015, and 2016. The novel was awarded the Michael L. Printz award in 2006 and has also won praise from organizations such as the American Library Association, School Library Journal,", "Title: Looking for Alaska Content: of July 29, 2012, \"Looking for Alaska\" broke into the \"New York Times\" best seller list at number ten in Children's Paperback, 385 weeks (more than seven years) after it was released. , it is number four on the \"New York Times\" best seller listing for Young Adult Paperback. It spent eighteen weeks at number four. Despite its literary success, \"Looking For Alaska\" has often been challenged in public school districts for content considered inappropriate. Miles Halter, obsessed with last words, leaves Florida to attend Culver Creek Preparatory High School in Alabama for his junior year, quoting François Rabelais's last" ]

[ "Drop City", "Wildest Alaska", "Four Quarters of Light", "The Cleansing", "Going to extremes", "Into the Wild", "Alaska", "Through the Gold-Fields of Alaska to Bering Straits", "The Royal Mess", "White Fang" ]

[ "Title: English-speaking world Content: the United States (at least 231 million), the United Kingdom (60 million), Canada (at least 20 million), Australia (at least 17 million), Ireland (4.8 million) and New Zealand (4.8 million). English is also the primary natively spoken language in the countries and territories of Anguilla, Antigua and Barbuda, the Bahamas, Barbados, Belize, Bermuda, the British Indian Ocean Territory, the British Virgin Islands, the Cayman Islands, Dominica, the Falkland Islands, Gibraltar, Grenada, Guam, Guernsey, Guyana, the Isle of Man, Jamaica, Jersey, Montserrat, Pitcairn Islands, Saint Helena, Ascension and Tristan da Cunha, Saint Kitts and Nevis, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, South", "Title: English-speaking world Content: Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands, Trinidad and Tobago, and the Turks and Caicos Islands. Other substantial communities of native speakers are found in South Africa (4.8 million) and Nigeria (4 million, 5%). In some countries where English is not the most spoken language, it is an official language; these countries include Botswana, Cameroon (co-official with French), Eswatini (Swaziland), Fiji, Ghana, Hong Kong, India, Kenya, Kiribati, Lesotho, Liberia, Malta, the Marshall Islands, Mauritius, the Federated States of Micronesia, Namibia, Nigeria, Pakistan, Palau, Papua New Guinea, the Philippines, Rwanda, Saint Lucia, Samoa, Seychelles, Sierra Leone, Singapore, the Solomon Islands, Sri Lanka,", "Title: English language Content: 1.1 billion spoke it as a secondary language. English is probably the third largest language by number of native speakers, after Mandarin and Spanish. However, when combining native and non-native speakers it may, depending on the estimate used, be the most commonly spoken language in the world. English is spoken by communities on every continent and on oceanic islands in all the major oceans. The countries in which English is spoken can be grouped into different categories by how English is used in each country. The \"inner circle\" countries with many native speakers of English share an international standard of", "Title: Modern English Content: America, the Indian subcontinent, Africa, Australia and New Zealand through colonisation by the British Empire. Modern English has many dialects spoken in many countries throughout the world, sometimes collectively referred to as the anglosphere. These dialects include American English, Australian English, British English (containing English English, Welsh English and Scottish English), Canadian English, Caribbean English, Hiberno-English, Indian English, Pakistani English, Nigerian English, New Zealand English, Philippine English, Singaporean English, and South African English. According to the Ethnologue, there are almost 1 billion speakers of English as a first or second language. English is spoken as a first or a second", "Title: Geographical distribution of English speakers Content: L2. Geographical distribution of English speakers The article provides details and data regarding the geographical distribution of all English speakers, regardless of the legislative status of the countries where it's spoken. The English language is one of the most widely spoken languages of the world, and it's widely used in the international communication as lingua franca. Many international organizations use English as their official language. This table depicts the native speakers of the language, which means that the table includes people who have been exposed to the English language from birth and, thus, excludes people who use the language as", "Title: English language Content: have learned it as a second language than there are native speakers. English is the most commonly spoken language in the United Kingdom, the United States, Canada, Australia, Ireland and New Zealand, and it is widely spoken in some areas of the Caribbean, Africa and South Asia. It is a co-official language of the United Nations, the European Union and many other world and regional international organisations. It is the most widely spoken Germanic language, accounting for at least 70% of speakers of this Indo-European branch. English has a vast vocabulary, though counting how many words any language has is", "Title: English language in Europe Content: in southern Spain, France, the Algarve in Portugal, as well as numerous US and British military bases in Germany. There are communities of native English speakers in some European cities aside from the cities of the UK and Ireland, e.g., Amsterdam, Berlin, Brussels, Barcelona, Copenhagen, Paris, Athens, Gothenburg, Helsinki, Stockholm, and Rome. Sectors of tourism, publishing, finance, computers and related industries rely heavily on English due to Anglophone trade ties. Air traffic control and shipping movements are almost all conducted in English. In areas of Europe where English is not the first language, there are many examples of the mandated", "Title: Geographical distribution of English speakers Content: Geographical distribution of English speakers The article provides details and data regarding the geographical distribution of all English speakers, regardless of the legislative status of the countries where it's spoken. The English language is one of the most widely spoken languages of the world, and it's widely used in the international communication as lingua franca. Many international organizations use English as their official language. This table depicts the native speakers of the language, which means that the table includes people who have been exposed to the English language from birth and, thus, excludes people who use the language as a", "Title: English language Content: aspirated stop . English language English is a West Germanic language that was first spoken in early medieval England and eventually became a global \"lingua franca\". Named after the Angles, one of the Germanic tribes that migrated to the area of Great Britain that would later take their name, England, both names ultimately deriving from the Anglia peninsula in the Baltic Sea. It is closely related to the Frisian languages, but its vocabulary has been significantly influenced by other Germanic languages, particularly Norse (a North Germanic language), and to a greater extent Latin and French. English has developed over the", "Title: English-speaking world Content: Irish English, New Zealand English and their sub-varieties, countries such as South Africa, India, the Philippines, Jamaica and Nigeria also have millions of native speakers of dialect continua ranging from English-based creole languages to Standard English. India now claims to be the world's second-largest English-speaking country. The most reliable estimate is around 10% of its population or 125 million people, second only to the US and expected to quadruple in the next decade. There are six large countries with a majority of native English speakers that are sometimes grouped under the term Anglosphere. In numbers of English speakers they are:" ]

[ "Australia", "Ireland", "Canada", "United States of America", "Kingdom of Great Britain", "New Zealand", "United Kingdom" ]

[ "Title: 1970–71 in English football Content: win by a non-league team over a Football League team by beating Newport County 6–1 in the First Round. The final was held at Wembley Stadium, London. Tottenham Hotspur beat Aston Villa to win the 1971 Football League Cup Final and add to their list of trophies won under the management of Bill Nicholson. Arsenal won the league championship at the end of a season which would soon be followed by their FA Cup final tie with Liverpool. Arsenal secured the league title at White Hart Lane, the home of bitter rivals Tottenham. They narrowly overcame Leeds to win the", "Title: Bertie Mee Content: warmup for the main act, namely the FA Cup and League Double win in 1971. The League title was won at White Hart Lane, home of their deadly rivals Tottenham Hotspur, on Monday 3 May, the last day of the season; five days later Arsenal beat Liverpool 2-1 at Wembley after extra-time, the winning goal scored by Charlie George. It was only the second time a club had won a Double in the twentieth century. Arsenal had ambitions to retain their title the following season and signed Alan Ball from Everton. However their league campaign faltered and their hopes of", "Title: Football in England Content: by winning another league titles, but failed to add any silverware to their list of honours for the rest of the decade, although they did hold onto their place in the First Division. Arsenal started the 1970s on a winning note by lifting the penultimate Inter-Cities Fairs Cup, and then became the second team of the 20th century to win the double when they clinched the league title and FA Cup in 1971. Their next major trophy came in 1979, when they fought off a late revival from Manchester United at Wembley to win the FA Cup final 3–2. Leeds", "Title: 1998 FA Charity Shield Content: the league champions of the top division and FA Cup winners for the first time. The match was played at Wembley Stadium, which first hosted the Shield in 1974. Arsenal qualified for the 1998 FA Charity Shield as winners of the 1997–98 FA Premier League. Although they were 12 points behind league leaders Manchester United by the end of February 1998, a nine-match winning streak, culminating in a 4–0 win over Everton on 3 May 1998, ensured Arsenal won the title. Arsenal beat Newcastle United 2–0 in the 1998 FA Cup Final to complete the domestic double. Given they won", "Title: History of football in England Content: England's most successful side in Europe the following seasons when they reached the quarter-finals of the UEFA Cup. Arsenal began the Premier League with moderate league form (a shortage of goals restricting them to 10th place) but excellent form in the cups, as they became the first English team to win both domestic cups in the same season – beating Sheffield Wednesday 2–1 in both finals. They won the Cup Winners' Cup a year later, but manager George Graham was sacked the following February after admitting to receiving a \"bung\" when signing Danish midfielder John Jensen in 1992. They reached", "Title: 1994 European Cup Winners' Cup Final Content: 1994 European Cup Winners' Cup Final The 1994 European Cup Winners' Cup Final was a football match on 4 May 1994 contested between Arsenal of England and Parma of Italy. It was the final match of the 1993–94 European Cup Winners' Cup and the 34th European Cup Winners' Cup final. The final was held at the Parken Stadium in Copenhagen, and Arsenal won 1–0 with the goal coming from Alan Smith. It is widely considered as the peak of Arsenal's famous defence. Arsenal became the fourth London club to win the trophy after Tottenham Hotspur, Chelsea and West Ham United.", "Title: History of Arsenal F.C. (1966–present) Content: club. In Graham's third season (1988–89), the club won the Football League Centenary Trophy before winning their first League title since 1971, in highly dramatic fashion. Having led the League since Christmas, Arsenal were overtaken by Liverpool after losing to Derby County and drawing at home to Wimbledon in May. Arsenal had seemingly thrown away the title, but the final game of the season, on 26 May, was against Liverpool at Anfield; Arsenal needed to win by two goals to take the title; Liverpool had already won the FA Cup and were favourites to complete the Double. Alan Smith scored", "Title: 1998–99 Arsenal F.C. season Content: of February, a winning streak of nine matches ensured Arsenal won the championship, with a 4–0 win over Everton in May 1998. At Wembley Stadium, Arsenal beat Newcastle United 2–0 in the 1998 FA Cup Final to win the competition and complete a domestic double. Manager Arsène Wenger was awarded the Carling Manager of the Year award and striker Dennis Bergkamp was given the accolade of PFA Players' Player of the Year by his fellow peers and FWA Footballer of the Year by football writers, in recognition of Arsenal's achievements. David Platt retired from career football at the end of", "Title: 1970–71 Football League Content: 1970–71 Football League The 1970–71 season was the 72nd completed season of The Football League. Arsenal won the league championship at the home of their bitter rivals, Tottenham Hotspur, with Ray Kennedy scoring the winner. This would soon be followed by their FA Cup final tie with Liverpool. They narrowly overcame Leeds to win the league, with a 12-point gap separating Leeds United from third-placed Tottenham. Wolves and Liverpool joined these two teams in the UEFA Cup. Chelsea missed out on the top five on goal average but compensated for this shortcoming by achieving European Cup Winners' Cup glory over", "Title: History of Arsenal F.C. (1966–present) Content: of a packed Highbury, inspired by captain Frank McLintock, Arsenal won 3-0 with goals from John Radford, Eddie Kelly and Jon Sammels, to win the tie 4-3 on aggregate. The same season, Arsenal had only finished 12th in the league, perhaps distracted by their European campaign, and did not look like league contenders. Yet the following season, 1970–71, Arsenal went on to become only the second club of the 20th century to win the FA Cup and League Double, the club's first. After a bright start Arsenal looked to be out of the title chase with a 5–0 loss to" ]

[ "2005 FA Cup Final", "FA Cup 1997–98", "FA Cup 1970–71", "FA Cup 1992–93", "2004–05 FA Cup", "2002 FA Cup Final", "2003 FA Cup Final", "FA Cup 2002–03", "2001–02 FA Cup", "FA Cup 1978–79" ]

[ "Title: Mountain Time Zone Content: The largest city in the Mountain Time Zone is Phoenix, Arizona. The Phoenix metropolitan area is the largest metropolitan area in the zone; the next largest metropolitan area that observes Mountain Time is Denver, closely followed by the El Paso–Juárez area. TV broadcasting in the Mountain Time Zone is typically tape-delayed one hour, so that shows match the broadcast times of the Central Time Zone (i.e. prime time begins at 7 pm MT following the same order of programming as the Central Time Zone). Only one Canadian province is fully contained in the Mountain Time Zone: One province and one", "Title: Mountain Time Zone Content: 2007, the local time changes from MST to MDT at 2am MST to 3am MDT on the second Sunday in March and returns at 2am MDT to 1am MST on the first Sunday in November. Sonora in Mexico and most of Arizona in the United States do not observe daylight saving time, and during the spring, summer, and autumn months they are on the same time as Pacific Daylight Time. The Navajo Nation, most of which lies within Arizona, does observe DST, although the Hopi Nation, as well as some Arizona state offices lying within the Navajo Nation, do not.", "Title: Downtown Phoenix Content: filmed in Phoenix using downtown locations. Downtown Phoenix Downtown Phoenix is the central business district (CBD) of the City of Phoenix, Arizona, United States. It is located in the heart of the Phoenix metropolitan area or Valley of the Sun. Phoenix, being the county seat of Maricopa County and the capital of Arizona, serves as the center of politics, justice and government on the local, state and federal levels. The area is a major center of employment for the region, with many financial, legal, and other national and international corporations housed in a variety of skyscrapers. Major arts and cultural", "Title: Phoenix, Arizona Content: use would also rise early in the day \"because there would be more lights on in the early morning.\" Additionally, he said that daylight saving time would cause children to go to school in the dark. Sunrise occurs at around 7:29am on December 21 and 5:19am on June 21. Sunset occurs at around 5:25pm on December 21 and 7:41pm on June 21. Since 1979, the city of Phoenix has been divided into urban villages, many of which are based upon historically significant neighborhoods and communities that have since been annexed into Phoenix. Each village has a planning committee that is", "Title: Eastern Time Zone Content: broadcast networks (ABC, CBS, The CW, FOX, NBC) generally have two primary feeds, an eastern feed for Eastern and Central time zones, and a tape-delayed western feed for the Pacific Time Zone. The prime time is set on Eastern and Pacific at 8:00 p.m., with the Central time zone stations receiving the eastern feed at 7:00 p.m. local time. Mountain Time Zone stations receive a separate feed at 7:00 p.m. local time. As Arizona does not observe daylight saving time, during the summer months, it has its own feed at 7:00 p.m. local time. Cable channels with a separate western", "Title: Phoenix, Arizona Content: water. Even though it is the fifth most populated city, the large area gives it a low density rate of approximately 2,797 people per square mile. In comparison, Philadelphia, the sixth most populous city, has a density of over 11,000. As with most of Arizona, Phoenix does not observe daylight saving time. In 1973, Governor Jack Williams argued to the U.S. Congress that due to air conditioning units not being used as often in the morning on standard time, energy use would increase in the evening should the state observe daylight saving time. He went on to say that energy", "Title: Downtown Phoenix Content: Downtown Phoenix Downtown Phoenix is the central business district (CBD) of the City of Phoenix, Arizona, United States. It is located in the heart of the Phoenix metropolitan area or Valley of the Sun. Phoenix, being the county seat of Maricopa County and the capital of Arizona, serves as the center of politics, justice and government on the local, state and federal levels. The area is a major center of employment for the region, with many financial, legal, and other national and international corporations housed in a variety of skyscrapers. Major arts and cultural institutions also call the area home.", "Title: Phoenix metropolitan area Content: Phoenix metropolitan area The Phoenix Metropolitan Area – often referred to as the Valley of the Sun, the Salt River Valley, or Metro Phoenix – is a metropolitan area, centered on the city of Phoenix, that includes much of the central part of the U.S. State of Arizona. The United States Office of Management and Budget designates the area as the Phoenix-Mesa-Scottsdale Metropolitan Statistical Area (MSA), defining it as Maricopa and Pinal counties. As of the Census Bureau's 2017 population estimates, Metro Phoenix had 4,737,270 residents, making it the 11th largest Metropolitan Area in the nation by population. The gross", "Title: National Football League on television Content: two on Sundays). Three games (with some contractual exceptions, see below) are broadcast in any one market each Sunday morning/afternoon, with one network being allocated a \"doubleheader\" each week: While the other network broadcasting \"either\": Sunday afternoon games in the Mountain and Pacific time zones are always scheduled for 2:05 or 2:25 p.m. Mountain Time and 1:05 or 1:25 p.m. Pacific Time. (No 10:00 a.m. PT or 11:00 a.m. MT games are ever scheduled, partly to avoid conflict with religious services in those cities.) The state of Arizona lies entirely within the Mountain Time Zone, but does not observe Daylight", "Title: Arizona Content: hole in the middle of the high plains of the Colorado Plateau, about west of Winslow. A rim of smashed and jumbled boulders, some of them the size of small houses, rises above the level of the surrounding plain. The crater itself is nearly wide, and deep. Arizona is one of two U.S. states that does not observe Daylight Saving Time (the other being Hawaii). The exception is within the large Navajo Nation (which observes Daylight Saving Time), in the state's northeastern region. Generally, Arizona is at low risk of earthquakes, except for the southwestern portion which is at moderate" ]

[ "Mountain Time Zone" ]

[ "Title: South Portland, Maine Content: South Portland, Maine South Portland is a city in Cumberland County, Maine, United States, and is the fourth-largest city in the state, incorporated in 1898. As of the 2010 census, the city population was 25,002. Known for its working waterfront, South Portland is situated on Portland Harbor and overlooks the skyline of Portland and the islands of Casco Bay. Due to South Portland's close proximity to air, marine, rail, and highway transportation options, the city has become a center for retail and industry in the region. Despite the name, South Portland was never part of the city of Portland, but", "Title: Downtown Portland, Oregon Content: Downtown Portland, Oregon Downtown Portland, the city center of Portland, Oregon, United States, is located on the west bank of the Willamette River. It is in the northeastern corner of the southwest section of the city and where most of the city's high-rise buildings are found. The downtown neighborhood is defined to extend west from the Willamette to Interstate 405, and south from Burnside Street to just south of the Portland State University campus (also bounded by I-405). (The northeastern portion of this area is also part of the Old Town Chinatown neighborhood.) High-density business and residential districts near downtown", "Title: South Portland, Portland, Oregon Content: South Portland, Portland, Oregon South Portland is a long, narrow neighborhood just south of Downtown Portland, Oregon, hemmed in between the Willamette River and the West Hills. It stretches from I-405 and the Marquam Bridge on the north, to SW Canby St. and the Sellwood Bridge in the south. The Willamette forms the eastern boundary, and SW Barbur Blvd. most of the western boundary. In addition to Downtown to the north, other bordering neighborhoods are Southwest Hills, Homestead, Hillsdale, and South Burlingame to the west, and Hosford-Abernethy, Brooklyn, and Sellwood-Moreland across the river on the east. The neighborhood, formerly known", "Title: Portland, Oregon Content: Portland, Oregon Portland is the largest city in the U.S. state of Oregon and the seat of Multnomah County. It is a major port in the Willamette Valley region of the Pacific Northwest, at the confluence of the Willamette and Columbia rivers. As of 2017, Portland had an estimated population of 647,805, making it the 26th-largest city in the United States, and the second-most populous in the Pacific Northwest (after Seattle). Approximately 2.4 million people live in the Portland metropolitan statistical area (MSA), making it the 25th most populous MSA in the United States. Its Combined Statistical Area (CSA) ranks", "Title: South Portland, Maine Content: About 4.9% of families and 6.7% of the population were below the poverty line, including 7.5% of those under age 18 and 7.2% of those age 65 or over. South Portland, Maine South Portland is a city in Cumberland County, Maine, United States, and is the fourth-largest city in the state, incorporated in 1898. As of the 2010 census, the city population was 25,002. Known for its working waterfront, South Portland is situated on Portland Harbor and overlooks the skyline of Portland and the islands of Casco Bay. Due to South Portland's close proximity to air, marine, rail, and highway", "Title: South Portland, Oregon Content: South Portland, Oregon South Portland is a planned sextant of Portland, Oregon. The region will be bounded on the east by the Willamette River, and on the west by Southwest Naito Parkway and Tryon Creek State Natural Area. South Portland will include approximately 10,000 properties in the Collins View and South Waterfront neighborhoods, as well as portions of the Lewis and Clark College and Oregon Health & Science University campuses. Portland City Council approved the split of South Portland from Southwest Portland on June 6, 2018. Officials will start installing updated street signs in May 2020, and older signage will", "Title: South Portland, Maine Content: not continue to pursue it. Soule nominated himself for reelection as mayor in November 2008, but was defeated by Thomas Blake in a 6-1 vote. Soule voted for himself. South Portland is bordered by Portland to the north, Cape Elizabeth and Scarborough to the south, and Westbrook to the west. The city is located at . According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of , of which is land and is water. The city-owned South Portland Bus Service provides public transportation throughout the city. Villages are in bold; neighborhoods are in italics. South Portland's", "Title: Downtown Portland, Oregon Content: buildings are located in downtown Portland. The five tallest are: Downtown Portland, Oregon Downtown Portland, the city center of Portland, Oregon, United States, is located on the west bank of the Willamette River. It is in the northeastern corner of the southwest section of the city and where most of the city's high-rise buildings are found. The downtown neighborhood is defined to extend west from the Willamette to Interstate 405, and south from Burnside Street to just south of the Portland State University campus (also bounded by I-405). (The northeastern portion of this area is also part of the Old", "Title: Portland, Oregon Content: Portland has ten sister cities and one \"friendship city\" (Utrecht); each city is required to maintain long-term involvement and participation: Portland websites that are also wikis Portland, Oregon Portland is the largest city in the U.S. state of Oregon and the seat of Multnomah County. It is a major port in the Willamette Valley region of the Pacific Northwest, at the confluence of the Willamette and Columbia rivers. As of 2017, Portland had an estimated population of 647,805, making it the 26th-largest city in the United States, and the second-most populous in the Pacific Northwest (after Seattle). Approximately 2.4 million", "Title: South Portland Historic District Content: South Portland Historic District The South Portland Historic District is an historic district in Portland, Oregon's South Portland neighborhood, in the United States. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1998. The 31-block area is irregular in shape, bounded by Southwest Barbur Boulevard to the west and Southwest Hood Street to the east. Southwest Meade and Arthur Streets define much of the northern boundary. The district has 111 primary contributing, 75 secondary contributing, and 13 historic non-contributing buildings. Five buildings in the district are listed on the National Register of Historic Places: the Corkish Apartments, Milton" ]

[ "Maine", "United States of America", "Cumberland County" ]

[ "Title: English-speaking world Content: the United States (at least 231 million), the United Kingdom (60 million), Canada (at least 20 million), Australia (at least 17 million), Ireland (4.8 million) and New Zealand (4.8 million). English is also the primary natively spoken language in the countries and territories of Anguilla, Antigua and Barbuda, the Bahamas, Barbados, Belize, Bermuda, the British Indian Ocean Territory, the British Virgin Islands, the Cayman Islands, Dominica, the Falkland Islands, Gibraltar, Grenada, Guam, Guernsey, Guyana, the Isle of Man, Jamaica, Jersey, Montserrat, Pitcairn Islands, Saint Helena, Ascension and Tristan da Cunha, Saint Kitts and Nevis, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, South", "Title: French language Content: there are numerous French-based creole languages, most notably Haitian Creole. A French-speaking person or nation may be referred to as Francophone in both English and French. French is an official language in 29 countries across five different continents, most of which are members of the \"Organisation internationale de la Francophonie\" (OIF), the community of 84 countries which share the official use or teaching of French. It is spoken as a first language (in descending order of the number of speakers) in France, Canadian provinces of Quebec, Ontario and New Brunswick as well as other Francophone regions, Belgium (Wallonia and the", "Title: Influence of French on English Content: states like New-Brunswick, Quebec, Ivory Coast, Benin, Togo, Guinea, Cameroon, Congo, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Madagascar, Mauritius, Tchad, Djibouti, Senegal, Morocco, Algeria, Tunisia, Lebanon, France, Belgium, Switzerland, Luxembourg, Monaco, Aosta Valley, French Polynesia, New Caledonia, and Vanuatu adopting it as their official language. This geographical diversity has led to many different contacts with vernacular dialects, regional and international languages, from which French has often been enriched locally. In a number of countries and regions where French shares co-officiality with English (Cameroon, Canada, Jersey, Mauritius, Rwanda, Vanuatu), particular lexical regionalisms are observed where French and English terms are used interchangeably.", "Title: French people Content: from Latin America (Argentina, Chile and Uruguay) in the 1970s. Most French people speak the French language as their mother tongue, but certain languages like Norman, Occitan, Auvergnat, Corsican, Euskara, French Flemish and Breton remain spoken in certain regions (see Language policy in France). There have also been periods of history when a majority of French people had other first languages (local languages such as Occitan, Catalan, Alsatian, West Flemish, Lorraine Franconian, Gallo, Picard or Ch'timi and Arpitan). Today, many immigrants speak another tongue at home. According to historian Eric Hobsbawm, \"the French language has been essential to the concept", "Title: Languages of France Content: or territory. French itself is also a cross-border language, being spoken in neighbouring Andorra, Belgium, Italy, Luxembourg, Monaco, and Switzerland. According to the 2007 Adult Education survey, part of a project by the European Union and carried in France by the Insee and based on a sample of 15,350 persons, French was the first mother tongue of 87.2% of the total population, or roughly 55.81 million people, followed by Arabic (3.6%, 2.30 million), Portuguese (1.5%, 0.96 million), Spanish (1.2%, 0.77 million) and Italian (1.0%, 0.64 million). People who had other languages as their mother tongue made up the 5.2% of", "Title: Multilingualism Content: particular concepts to workers in order to ensure understanding and cooperation. In Europe, as the domestic market is generally quite restricted, international trade is a norm. But there is no predominant language in Europe (with German spoken in Germany, Austria, Switzerland, Luxembourg, and Belgium; French in France, Belgium, Luxembourg, and Switzerland; and English in the United Kingdom, Ireland, and Malta). Most of the time, English is used as a communication language, but in multilingual countries such as Belgium (Dutch, French and German), Switzerland (German, French, Italian and Romanche), Luxembourg (Luxembourgish, French and German) or Spain (Spanish, Catalan, Basque and Galician),", "Title: France Content: table, which only include the core population). Rural flight was a perennial political issue throughout most of the 20th century. According to Article 2 of the Constitution, the official language of France is French, a Romance language derived from Latin. Since 1635, the Académie française has been France's official authority on the French language, although its recommendations carry no legal weight. There are also regional languages spoken in France, such as Occitan, Breton, Catalan, Flemish (Dutch dialect), Alsatian (German dialect), Basque, and others. (see Languages of France) Italian was the official language of Corsica until May 9, 1859. The French", "Title: North America Content: from Latin, of Spanish and Portuguese (but French speaking countries are not usually included) predominate: the other republics of Central America (but not always Belize), part of the Caribbean (not the Dutch-, English-, or French-speaking areas), Mexico, and most of South America (except Guyana, Suriname, French Guiana (France), and the Falkland Islands (UK)). The French language has historically played a significant role in North America and now retains a distinctive presence in some regions. Canada is officially bilingual. French is the official language of the Province of Quebec, where 95% of the people speak it as either their first or", "Title: Arabic Content: Amharic, Baluchi, Bengali, Berber, Bosnian, Chaldean, Chechen, Croatian, Dagestani, English, German, Gujarati, Hausa, Hindi, Kazakh, Kurdish, Kutchi, Kyrgyz, Malay (Malaysian and Indonesian), Pashto, Persian, Punjabi, Rohingya, Romance languages (French, Catalan, Italian, Portuguese, Sicilian, Spanish, etc.) Saraiki, Sindhi, Somali, Sylheti, Swahili, Tagalog, Tigrinya, Turkish, Turkmen, Urdu, Uyghur, Uzbek, Visayan and Wolof, as well as other languages in countries where these languages are spoken. France has recently been emphasizing the learning and usage of Arabic in their classroom(s)/school(s). Arabic is considered to be a popular second-language choice in France. In addition, English has many Arabic loanwords, some directly, but most via other", "Title: English-speaking world Content: Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands, Trinidad and Tobago, and the Turks and Caicos Islands. Other substantial communities of native speakers are found in South Africa (4.8 million) and Nigeria (4 million, 5%). In some countries where English is not the most spoken language, it is an official language; these countries include Botswana, Cameroon (co-official with French), Eswatini (Swaziland), Fiji, Ghana, Hong Kong, India, Kenya, Kiribati, Lesotho, Liberia, Malta, the Marshall Islands, Mauritius, the Federated States of Micronesia, Namibia, Nigeria, Pakistan, Palau, Papua New Guinea, the Philippines, Rwanda, Saint Lucia, Samoa, Seychelles, Sierra Leone, Singapore, the Solomon Islands, Sri Lanka," ]

[ "Burundi", "Chad", "Belgium", "Benin", "Cameroon", "Congo", "Central African Republic", "Djibouti", "Burkina Faso", "Comoros" ]

[ "Title: Geographer Content: of the mid-1900s, the full text had never been edited. Claudius Ptolemy, known simply as Ptolemy, (born around 100 AD; died c. 170 AD) was an astronomer, mathematician, and geographer who lived in Alexandria and is known for (among other things) drawing detailed maps of what was known of the world at the time. Ptolemy's geographical works include tables of latitude and longitude and a discussion of how such lines could be mathematically calculated. In Ptolemy's most famous work, \"Almagest\", he comprehensively describes the layout of the stars and other astronomical objects as understood by ancient Greek and Babylonian scientists.", "Title: Ptolemy I Soter Content: Ptolemy I Soter Ptolemy I Soter (; , \"Ptolemaĩos Sōtḗr\" \"Ptolemy the Savior\"; c. 367 BC – January 282 BC) was a companion and historian of Alexander the Great who succeeded to his empire. Ptolemy became ruler of Egypt (323–282 BC) and founded the Ptolemaic dynasty which ruled it for the next three centuries, turning Egypt into a Hellenistic kingdom and Alexandria into a center of Greek culture. Ptolemy was the son of Arsinoe of Macedon by either her husband Lagus or Philip II of Macedon, the father of Alexander. Ptolemy was one of Alexander's most trusted companions and military", "Title: Ptolemy Content: Ptolemy Claudius Ptolemy (; , \"Klaúdios Ptolemaîos\" ; ; ) was a Greco-Roman mathematician, astronomer, geographer and astrologer. He lived in the city of Alexandria in the Roman province of Egypt, wrote in Koine Greek, and held Roman citizenship. The 14th-century astronomer Theodore Meliteniotes gave his birthplace as the prominent Greek city Ptolemais Hermiou () in the Thebaid (). This attestation is quite late, however, and, according to Gerald Toomer, the translator of his \"Almagest\" into English, there is no reason to suppose he ever lived anywhere other than Alexandria. He died there around AD 168. Ptolemy wrote several scientific", "Title: Ptolemy Content: [[Category:Roman-era geographers]] [[Category:Giftedness]] Ptolemy Claudius Ptolemy (; , \"Klaúdios Ptolemaîos\" ; ; ) was a Greco-Roman mathematician, astronomer, geographer and astrologer. He lived in the city of Alexandria in the Roman province of Egypt, wrote in Koine Greek, and held Roman citizenship. The 14th-century astronomer Theodore Meliteniotes gave his birthplace as the prominent Greek city Ptolemais Hermiou () in the Thebaid (). This attestation is quite late, however, and, according to Gerald Toomer, the translator of his \"Almagest\" into English, there is no reason to suppose he ever lived anywhere other than Alexandria. He died there around AD 168. Ptolemy", "Title: Ptolemy I Soter Content: way to master it. According to Proclus Euclid famously quipped: \"Sire, there is no Royal Road to geometry.\" Ptolemy I Soter Ptolemy I Soter (; , \"Ptolemaĩos Sōtḗr\" \"Ptolemy the Savior\"; c. 367 BC – January 282 BC) was a companion and historian of Alexander the Great who succeeded to his empire. Ptolemy became ruler of Egypt (323–282 BC) and founded the Ptolemaic dynasty which ruled it for the next three centuries, turning Egypt into a Hellenistic kingdom and Alexandria into a center of Greek culture. Ptolemy was the son of Arsinoe of Macedon by either her husband Lagus or", "Title: Ptolemy (general) Content: compelled to put an end to his life by poison, 309 BC. Ptolemy (general) Ptolemy, Ptolemaios or Polemaios (); died 309 BC) was a nephew and general of Antigonus I Monophthalmus, one of the Successors of Alexander the Great. He is first mentioned as being present with his uncle at the siege of Nora in 320 BC, when he was given up to Eumenes as a hostage for the safety of the latter during a conference with Antigonus. At a later period we find him entrusted by his uncle with commands of importance. Thus in 315 BC, when Antigonus was", "Title: Ptolemy II Philadelphus Content: Ptolemy II Philadelphus Ptolemy II Philadelphus (, \"Ptolemaîos Philádelphos\" \"Ptolemy, lover of his sister\"; 308/9–246 BCE) was the king of Ptolemaic Egypt from 283 to 246 BCE. He was the son of Ptolemy I Soter, the Macedonian Greek general of Alexander the Great who founded the Ptolemaic Kingdom after the death of Alexander, and queen Berenice I, originally from Macedon in northern Greece. During Ptolemy II's reign, the material and literary splendour of the Alexandrian court was at its height. He promoted the Museum and Library of Alexandria. He erected a commemorative stele, the Great Mendes Stela. He also led", "Title: Culture of Egypt Content: scientists such as Ctesibius, Pappus, and Diophantus. It also attracted scholars from all over the Mediterranean such as Eratosthenes of Cyrene. Ptolemy is one of the most famous astronomers and geographers from Egypt, famous for his work in Alexandria. Born Claudius Ptolemaeus (Greek: Κλαύδιος Πτολεμαίος; c. 85 – c. 165) in Upper Egypt, he was a geographer, astronomer, and astrologer. Ptolemy was the author of two important scientific treatises. One is the astronomical treatise that is now known as the \"Almagest\" (in Greek \"Η μεγάλη Σύνταξις\", \"The Great Treatise\"). In this work, one of the most influential books of antiquity,", "Title: Ancient Greek literature Content: was undoubtedly the astronomer Ptolemy. He lived during the 2nd century AD, though little is known of his life. His masterpiece, originally entitled \"The Mathematical Collection\", has come to the present under the title \"Almagest\", as it was translated by Arab astronomers with that title. It was Ptolemy who devised a detailed description of an Earth-centered universe, a notion that dominated astronomical thinking for more than 1,300 years. The Ptolemaic view of the universe endured until Copernicus, Galileo, Kepler, and other early modern astronomers replaced it with heliocentrism. Epictetus ( 55 AD – 135 AD) was associated with the moral", "Title: History of physics Content: upon his improvements to the observational instruments used at that time. Another of the most famous of the early physicists was Ptolemy (90–168 CE), one of the leading minds during the time of the Roman Empire. Ptolemy was the author of several scientific treatises, at least three of which were of continuing importance to later Islamic and European science. The first is the astronomical treatise now known as the \"Almagest\" (in Greek, Ἡ Μεγάλη Σύνταξις, \"The Great Treatise\", originally Μαθηματικὴ Σύνταξις, \"Mathematical Treatise\"). The second is the \"Geography\", which is a thorough discussion of the geographic knowledge of the Greco-Roman" ]

[ "Geographer", "Astrologer", "Philosopher", "Mathematician", "Astronomer" ]

[ "Title: Anne Boleyn Content: Anne Boleyn Anne Boleyn (; 1501 – 19 May 1536) was Queen of England from 1533 to 1536 as the second wife of King Henry VIII. Henry's marriage to her, and her subsequent execution by beheading, made her a key figure in the political and religious upheaval that was the start of the English Reformation. Anne was the daughter of Thomas Boleyn, 1st Earl of Wiltshire, and his wife, Lady Elizabeth Howard, and was educated in the Netherlands and France, largely as a maid of honour to Queen Claude of France. Anne returned to England in early 1522, to marry", "Title: Catherine of Aragon Content: Catherine of Aragon Catherine of Aragon (; 16 December 1485 – 7 January 1536) was Queen of England from June 1509 until May 1533 as the first wife of King Henry VIII; she was previously Princess of Wales as the wife of Henry's elder brother Arthur. The daughter of Isabella I of Castile and Ferdinand II of Aragon, Catherine was three years old when she was betrothed to Arthur, Prince of Wales, heir apparent to the English throne. They married in 1501, but Arthur died five months later. She held the position of ambassador of the Aragonese Crown to England", "Title: Henry VIII of England Content: Henry VIII of England Henry VIII (28 June 1491 – 28 January 1547) was King of England from 1509 until his death. Henry was the second Tudor monarch, succeeding his father, Henry VII. Henry is best known for his six marriages, in particular his efforts to have his first marriage, to Catherine of Aragon, annulled. His disagreement with the Pope on the question of such an annulment led Henry to initiate the English Reformation, separating the Church of England from papal authority. He appointed himself the Supreme Head of the Church of England and dissolved convents and monasteries, for which", "Title: Mary Tudor, Queen of France Content: Mary Tudor, Queen of France Mary Tudor (; 18 March 1496 – 25 June 1533) was an English princess who was briefly Queen of France and later progenitor of a family that claimed the English throne. The younger surviving daughter of Henry VII, King of England and Elizabeth of York, Mary became the third wife of Louis XII of France, more than 30 years her senior. Following his death, she married Charles Brandon, 1st Duke of Suffolk. The marriage, which was performed secretly in France, took place during the reign of her brother Henry VIII and without his consent. This", "Title: Tudors of Penmynydd Content: on 30 May 1536, and she gave birth to a son, Edward, on 12 October 1537, but Jane died of a postpartum infection on 24 October. Henry VIII married three subsequent women: Anne of Cleves in January 1540, a marriage which was annulled soon after, Catherine Howard in July 1540, who would be executed for adultery, then Katherine Parr in July 1543. She would survive Henry and go on to raise Elizabeth before her death in 1548. After Henry VIII's death, his son assumed the throne as Edward VI, with his uncle Edward Seymour as Lord Protector. Edward died on", "Title: Succession to the British throne Content: later Great Britain, until the Acts of Union 1800 merged the separate crowns into that of the United Kingdom. Henry VIII's numerous marriages led to several complications over succession. Henry VIII was first married to Catherine of Aragon, by whom he had a daughter named Mary. His second marriage, to Anne Boleyn, resulted in a daughter named Elizabeth. Henry VIII had a son, Edward, by his third wife, Jane Seymour. An Act of Parliament passed in 1533 declared Mary illegitimate; another passed in 1536 did the same for Elizabeth. Though the two remained illegitimate, an Act of Parliament passed in", "Title: Henry, Duke of Cornwall Content: a different alternative-history English Reformation is depicted as taking place. Henry, Duke of Cornwall Henry, Duke of Cornwall (1 January – 22 February 1511), was the first child of King Henry VIII of England and his first wife, Catherine of Aragon, and though his birth was celebrated as that of the heir apparent, he died within weeks. His death and Henry VIII's failure to produce another surviving male heir with Catherine led to succession and marriage crises that affected the relationship between the English church and Roman Catholicism, giving rise to the English Reformation. Henry was born on 1 January", "Title: Mary Boleyn Content: became Henry's mistress; the starting date and duration of the liaison are unknown. It was rumoured that one or both of Mary's children were fathered by the king, although no evidence exists to support the argument that either of them was the king's biological child. Henry VIII's wife, Catherine of Aragon, had first been married to Henry's elder brother Arthur when he was a little over fifteen years old, but Arthur had died just a few months later. Henry later used this to justify the annulment of his marriage to Catherine, arguing that her marriage to Arthur had created an", "Title: House of Tudor Content: in the Treasury for his son and successor, Henry VIII. Although it is debated whether Henry VII was a great king, he certainly was a successful one if only because he restored the nation's finances, strengthened the judicial system and successfully denied all other claimants to the throne, thus further securing it for his heir. The new King Henry VIII married Catherine of Aragon on 11 June 1509; they were crowned at Westminster Abbey on 24 June the same year. Catherine was Henry's older brother's wife, making the path for their marriage a rocky one from the start. A papal", "Title: Coronation of Elizabeth I Content: allow the continuation of some Catholic customs, a compromise known as the Elizabethan Settlement. Henry VIII was the second Tudor king of England and his reign from 1509 to 1547 was one of great political and social change. Religious upheaval in Continental Europe and Henry's dispute with the Pope over his intended divorce from his first wife, Catherine of Aragon, led Henry to break from the Roman Catholic Church and to establish the Church of England. Henry VIII was succeeded by his nine-year-old son from his marriage to Jane Seymour, Edward VI, who reigned under the governance of a Council" ]

[ "Catherine of Aragon" ]

[ "Title: Paraná River Content: Paraná River The Paraná River ( , , ) is a river in south Central South America, running through Brazil, Paraguay, and Argentina for some . It is second in length only to the Amazon River among South American rivers. The name Paraná is an abbreviation of the phrase \"para rehe onáva\", which comes from the Tupi language and means \"like the sea\" (that is, \"as big as the sea\"). It merges first with the Paraguay River and then farther downstream with the Uruguay River to form the Río de la Plata and empties into the Atlantic Ocean. The first", "Title: Paraná River Content: bridges, beginning upstream: Paraná River The Paraná River ( , , ) is a river in south Central South America, running through Brazil, Paraguay, and Argentina for some . It is second in length only to the Amazon River among South American rivers. The name Paraná is an abbreviation of the phrase \"para rehe onáva\", which comes from the Tupi language and means \"like the sea\" (that is, \"as big as the sea\"). It merges first with the Paraguay River and then farther downstream with the Uruguay River to form the Río de la Plata and empties into the Atlantic", "Title: Paraná River Content: European to go up the Paraná River was the Venetian Explorer Sebastian Cabot, in 1526, while working for Spain. The course is formed at the confluence of the Paranaiba and Rio Grande rivers in southern Brazil. From the confluence the river flows in a generally southwestern direction for about before encountering the city of Saltos del Guaira, Paraguay. This was once the location of the Guaíra Falls (Sete Quedas waterfalls, where the Paraná fell over a series of seven cascades. This natural feature was said to rival the world-famous Iguazu Falls to the south. The falls were flooded, however, by", "Title: Paranã River Content: Paranã River The Paranã River is located in Goiás state, Brazil. It divides two regions - the Northeast and north-central Goiás. It is formed by tributaries that descend the Serra Geral, the mountains that divide eastern Goiás and Bahia. One of the most important tributaries is the Crixás, which has its source near Formosa. Farther to the north the Paranã becomes the main tributary of the Tocantins River on the right bank. Today it is crossed by a long concrete bridge between the municipalities of Iaciara and Nova Roma. It forms the valley which makes up a vast region called", "Title: Paraná River steamers Content: railway operated a fleet of 6 stern-wheel paddle steamers, together with barges and launches. In the 1880s, Nietzsche's sister took a steamer ride up the river to establish Nueva Germania, a Germanic colony in Paraguay . Paraná River steamers The Paraná River is the second longest river in South America. Rising in Brazil, the river winds from the coastal mountains through tributaries and travels over Iguazu Falls into Paraguay, Argentina and the Rio de la Plata at Uruguay. The river allowed for transport and exploration of the continent. It also was the scene of some terrible wars, including naval. The", "Title: Paraná River Content: into several arms and it forms the Paraná Delta. Together with its tributaries, the Rio Paraná forms a massive drainage basin that encompasses much of the southcentral part of South America, essentially including all of Paraguay, much of southern Brazil, northern Argentina, and the southeastern part of Bolivia. If the Uruguay River is counted as a tributary to the Paraná, this watershed extends to cover most of Uruguay as well. The volume of water flowing into the Atlantic Ocean through the Río de la Plata roughly equals the volume at the Mississippi River delta. This watershed contains a number of", "Title: Paraná River steamers Content: Paraná River steamers The Paraná River is the second longest river in South America. Rising in Brazil, the river winds from the coastal mountains through tributaries and travels over Iguazu Falls into Paraguay, Argentina and the Rio de la Plata at Uruguay. The river allowed for transport and exploration of the continent. It also was the scene of some terrible wars, including naval. The River Plate Republics arose from the fall of the Spanish Empire in South America after 1811. The devolution of the colony into smaller republics because of Napoleons conquest of Spain first allowed the Viceroyalty of the", "Title: Paraná Delta Content: Paraná Delta The Paraná Delta () is the delta of the Paraná River in Argentina and it consists of several islands known as the Islas del Paraná. The Paraná flows north–south and becomes an alluvial basin (a flood plain) between the Argentine provinces of Entre Ríos, Santa Fe and Buenos Aires then emptying into the Río de la Plata. It covers about and starts to form between the cities of Santa Fe and Rosario, where the river splits into several arms, creating a network of islands and wetlands. Most of it is in the jurisdiction of Entre Ríos Province, and", "Title: Paraná Basin Content: Paraná Basin The Paraná Basin (, ) is a large cratonic sedimentary basin situated in the central-eastern part of South America. About 75% of its areal distribution occurs in Brazil, from Mato Grosso to Rio Grande do Sul states. The remainder area is distributed in eastern Paraguay, northeastern Argentina and northern Uruguay. The shape of the depression is roughly elliptical and covers an area of about . The Paraná River, from which the Paraná Basin derived its name, flows along the central axis of the Paraná Basin and drains it. The Paraná Basin stretches from the Brazilian state of Mato", "Title: Paranã River Content: the Vão do Paranã Microregion. Paranã River The Paranã River is located in Goiás state, Brazil. It divides two regions - the Northeast and north-central Goiás. It is formed by tributaries that descend the Serra Geral, the mountains that divide eastern Goiás and Bahia. One of the most important tributaries is the Crixás, which has its source near Formosa. Farther to the north the Paranã becomes the main tributary of the Tocantins River on the right bank. Today it is crossed by a long concrete bridge between the municipalities of Iaciara and Nova Roma. It forms the valley which makes" ]

[ "Paraguay", "Mesopotamia, Argentina", "Argentina", "Brazil" ]

[ "Title: Nixonomics Content: Nixonomics Nixonomics, a portmanteau of the words \"Nixon\" and \"economics\", refers to U.S. President Richard Nixon's economic performance. Nixon is the first president to have his surname combined with the word \"economics\". Nixon inherited a weak economy from President Lyndon B. Johnson. In 1969, a tax bill passed that held several Nixon ideas, including a repeal of the investment tax credit and removal of two million of the nation's poor from the tax rolls. After a year it was becoming obvious that the plan wasn't working. Nixon gave his budget plan to congress in 1971 in which he was to", "Title: Richard Nixon 1968 presidential campaign Content: subsequent lunar landings, he later scaled back manned space exploration. In 1972, he was reelected by a landslide, the largest to that date. The Watergate scandal, which would consume the larger part of his second term, resulted in his ultimate resignation on August 9, 1974. Richard Nixon 1968 presidential campaign The 1968 presidential campaign of Richard Nixon, the 36th Vice President of the United States, began when Nixon, the Republican nominee of 1960, formally announced his candidacy following a year's preparation and five years' political reorganization following defeats in the 1960 presidential election, and the 1962 California gubernatorial election. En", "Title: Presidents of the United States on U.S. postage stamps Content: the United States. Nixon's political career started as a California congressman. He was Dwight D. Eisenhower's vice president for two terms and was defeated in 1960 by John F. Kennedy for the presidential election. In 1968, Nixon won the presidency and was overwhelmingly re-elected in 1972. Nixon was the only person to be elected twice to both the Presidency and the Vice Presidency. He was also the only U.S. President to resign the office. Nixon was instrumental in ending U.S. involvement in the Vietnam War and establishing U.S. relations with communist China. Gerald Rudolph Ford, Jr. (born Leslie Lynch King,", "Title: Richard Nixon Content: Richard Nixon Richard Milhous Nixon (January 9, 1913 – April 22, 1994) was the 37th President of the United States from 1969 until 1974 and the only president to resign from the position. He had previously served as the 36th Vice President of the United States from 1953 to 1961, and prior to that as both a U.S. Representative and Senator from California. Nixon was born in Yorba Linda, California. After completing his undergraduate studies at Whittier College, he graduated from Duke University School of Law in 1937 and returned to California to practice law. He and his wife Pat", "Title: Richard Nixon Content: time, such as refraining from alcohol, dancing, and swearing. Nixon had four brothers: Harold (1909–33), Donald (1914–87), Arthur (1918–25), and Edward (born 1930). Four of the five Nixon boys were named after kings who had ruled in historical or legendary Britain; Richard, for example, was named after Richard the Lionheart. Nixon's early life was marked by hardship, and he later quoted a saying of Eisenhower to describe his boyhood: \"We were poor, but the glory of it was we didn't know it\". The Nixon family ranch failed in 1922, and the family moved to Whittier, California. In an area with", "Title: Birthplace of Richard Nixon Content: organization in 1988. The school was torn down, and the museum established on the premises. Birthplace of Richard Nixon The Richard Nixon Birthplace is the birthplace and early childhood home of Richard Nixon (1913-1994), the 37th President of the United States. It is located on the grounds of the Richard Nixon Presidential Library and Museum at 18001 Yorba Linda Boulevard in Yorba Linda, California, and now serves as a historic house museum. Built in 1912 on family ranchland, it was home to the Nixon family until 1922. It was designated a National Historic Landmark in 1973, and is also a", "Title: 1972 United States presidential election Content: 1972 United States presidential election The United States presidential election of 1972, the 47th quadrennial presidential election, was held on Tuesday, November 7, 1972. Incumbent Republican President Richard Nixon defeated Democratic Senator George McGovern of South Dakota. Nixon easily swept aside challenges from two Republican congressmen in the 1972 Republican primaries to win re-nomination. McGovern, who had played a significant role in reforming the Democratic nomination system after the 1968 election, mobilized the anti-war movement and other liberal supporters to win his party's nomination. Among the candidates he defeated were early front-runner Edmund Muskie, 1968 nominee Hubert Humphrey, and Congresswoman", "Title: Birthplace of Richard Nixon Content: Birthplace of Richard Nixon The Richard Nixon Birthplace is the birthplace and early childhood home of Richard Nixon (1913-1994), the 37th President of the United States. It is located on the grounds of the Richard Nixon Presidential Library and Museum at 18001 Yorba Linda Boulevard in Yorba Linda, California, and now serves as a historic house museum. Built in 1912 on family ranchland, it was home to the Nixon family until 1922. It was designated a National Historic Landmark in 1973, and is also a California Historical Landmark. The Richard Nixon Presidential Library and Museum is located on the north", "Title: Richard Nixon Presidential Library and Museum Content: Library came from private sources. The estimated cost to build the institution was $25 million. Ground was broken by Julie Nixon Eisenhower, daughter of President and Mrs. Nixon, in December 1988. The original library and birthplace was officially dedicated on July 19, 1990. Former President Nixon and First Lady Pat Nixon were present, as were President George H. W. Bush, former President Gerald Ford, former President Ronald Reagan, and first ladies Barbara Bush, Betty Ford, and Nancy Reagan. A crowd of 50,000 gathered for the ceremony. At the dedication, Nixon said, \"Nothing we have ever seen matches this moment–to be", "Title: Richard Nixon Content: and died four days later at the age of 81. Richard Milhous Nixon was born on January 9, 1913 in Yorba Linda, California, in a house that was built by his father. His parents were Hannah (Milhous) Nixon and Francis A. Nixon. His mother was a Quaker, and his father converted from Methodism to the Quaker faith. Nixon was a descendant of the early American settler, Thomas Cornell, who was also an ancestor of Ezra Cornell, the founder of Cornell University, as well as of Jimmy Carter and Bill Gates. Nixon's upbringing was marked by evangelical Quaker observances of the" ]

[ "Richard" ]

[ "Title: Theodor Schwann Content: Theodor Schwann Theodor Schwann (; 7 December 1810 – 11 January 1882) was a German physician and physiologist. His most significant contribution to biology is considered to be the extension of cell theory to animals. Other contributions include the discovery of Schwann cells in the peripheral nervous system, the discovery and study of pepsin, the discovery of the organic nature of yeast, and the invention of the term metabolism. Theodor Schwann was born in Neuss on 7 December 1810 to Leonard Schwann and Elisabeth Rottels. Leonard Schwann was a goldsmith and later a printer. Theodor Schwann studied at the Dreikönigsgymnasium", "Title: Herman P. Schwan Content: Herman P. Schwan Herman P. Schwan (7 August 1915 – 17 March 2005) was a biomedical engineer and biophysicist, recognised as the \"founding father of biomedical engineering\". He was born in Aachen, Germany, and died in his home Radnor, Pennsylvania. Schwann was born from a science-influenced family. His father Wilhelm Schwann was a science and mathematics teacher, and mother Meta was a physics teacher. He invariably excelled in physics and mathematics and graduated from gymnasium (German high school) at Göttingen in distinction in 1934. He continued to study mathematics, physics, and engineering in Göttingen, and then biophysics in Frankfurt. He", "Title: Theodor Schwann Content: (also known as the Tricoronatum or Three Kings School), a Jesuit school in Cologne. Schwann was a devout Roman Catholic. In Cologne his religious instructor Wilhelm Smets, a priest and novelist, emphasized the individuality of the human soul and the importance of free will. In 1829 Schwann enrolled at the University of Bonn in the premedical curriculum. He received a bachelor of philosophy in 1831. While at Bonn, Schwann met and worked with physiologist Johannes Peter Müller. Müller is considered to have founded scientific medicine in Germany, publishing his \"Handbuch der Physiologie des Menschen für Vorlesungen\" in 1837–1840. It was", "Title: Theodor Schwann Content: translated into English as \"Elements of Physiology\" in 1837–1843 and became the leading physiology textbook of the 1800s. In 1831, Schwann moved to the University of Würzburg for clinical training in medicine. In 1833, he went to the University of Berlin, where Müller was now Professor of Anatomy and Physiology. Schwann graduated with an M.D. degree in medicine from the University of Berlin in 1834. He did his thesis work in 1833-1834, with Müller as his advisor. Schwann's thesis involved a careful study of the necessity for oxygen during the embryonic development of the chicken. To carry it out, he", "Title: Theodor Schwann Content: Frédéric Spring convinced him to transfer to the University of Liège, also in Belgium. At Liège, Schwann continued to follow the latest advances in anatomy and physiology but did not himself make major new discoveries. He became something of an inventor. One of his projects was a portable respirator, designed as a closed system to support human life in environments where the surroundings cannot be breathed. By 1858 he was serving as professor of physiology, general anatomy and embryology. As of 1872, he ceased to teach general anatomy, and as of 1877, embryology. He retired fully in 1879. Schwann was", "Title: Theodor Schwann Content: effectively to others. His co-worker Jakob Henle spoke of him as having an \"inborn drive\" to experiment. By 1838, Schwann needed a position with a more substantial salary. He hoped to return to Bonn, a Catholic city. He attempted to gain a professorship there in 1838 and again in 1846, but was disappointed. Instead, in 1839, Schwann accepted the chair of anatomy at the Université Catholique de Louvain in Leuven, Belgium, another Catholic city. Schwann proved to be a dedicated and conscientious professor. With his new teaching duties, he had less time for new scientific work. He spent considerable time", "Title: Theodor Schwann Content: designed and built an apparatus that enabled him to pump the gases oxygen and hydrogen out of the incubation chamber at specific times. This enabled him to establish the critical period in which the eggs needed oxygen. Schwann passed the state examination to practice medicine in the summer of 1834, but he chose to continue to work with Müller, doing research rather than practicing medicine. He could afford to do so, at least in the short term, because of a family inheritance. His salary as an assistant was only 120 taler. For the next five years, Schwann would pay the", "Title: Karl Theodor, Duke in Bavaria Content: University of Munich, where he studied philosophy, law, economics, and medicine. Among his teachers were the chemist Justus von Liebig, the pathologist Ludwig von Buhl, and the physicist Philipp von Jolly. In 1870 Karl-Theodor's studies were interrupted by the Franco-Prussian War in which he served as a proprietary colonel of the 3rd Bavarian Light Horse. After the war he returned to his studies. In 1872 he was named an honorary Doctor of Medicine by the Ludwig Maximilians University; the following year he completed the requirements for the degree. Then he studied ophthalmology under Professor Deutschland and continued his education under", "Title: Herman P. Schwan Content: received Ph.D. degrees in physics and biophysics in 1940 and 1946 from the University of Frankfurt-am-Main. He was with the Max Planck Institute of Biophysics in Frankfurt from 1937 to 1947. In 1947 he emigrated to America, where he joined the University of Pennsylvania's School of Medicine. During his career Schwan did much to improve the emerging field of biomedical engineering, developed its first Ph.D. program, and produced more than 300 technical papers and gave countless lectures. He is best known for many biophysical studies related to electrical properties of cells and tissues, and on nonthermal mechanisms of interaction of", "Title: Theodor Schwann Content: other three-quarters of his expenses out of his inheritance. As a long-term strategy, it was not sustainable. From 1834-1839, Schwann worked as an assistant to Müller in at the Anatomisch-zootomische Museum at the University of Berlin. Schwann carried out a series of microscopic and physiological experiments focused on studying the structure and function of nerves, muscles and blood vessels. In addition to performing experiments in preparation for Müller's book on physiology, Schwann did research of his own. Many of his important contributions were made during the time that he worked with Müller in Berlin. Schwann used newly powerful microscopes to" ]

[ "Humboldt University of Berlin" ]

[ "Title: Frank Lloyd Wright Content: Frank Lloyd Wright Frank Lloyd Wright (born Frank Lincoln Wright, June 8, 1867 – April 9, 1959) was an American architect, interior designer, writer, and educator, who designed more than 1,000 structures, 532 of which were completed. Wright believed in designing structures that were in harmony with humanity and its environment, a philosophy he called organic architecture. This philosophy was best exemplified by Fallingwater (1935), which has been called \"the best all-time work of American architecture\". His creative period spanned more than 70 years. Wright was the pioneer of what came to be called the Prairie School movement of architecture,", "Title: Modern architecture Content: of modernist design in Cologne just a few weeks before the outbreak of the First World War in August 1914. For the 1914 Cologne exhibition, Bruno Taut built a revolutionary glass pavilion. Frank Lloyd Wright was a highly original and independent American architect who refused to be categorized in any one architectural movement. Like Le Corbusier and Ludwig Mies van der Rohe, he had no formal architectural training. In 1887-93 he worked in the Chicago office of Louis Sullivan, who pioneered the first tall steel-frame office buildings in Chicago, and who famously stated \"form follows function.\" Wright set out to", "Title: Frank Lloyd Wright Content: had five major influences: He also routinely claimed the work of architects and architectural designers who were his employees as his own designs, and also claimed that the rest of the Prairie School architects were merely his followers, imitators, and subordinates. As with any architect, though, Wright worked in a collaborative process and drew his ideas from the work of others. In his earlier days, Wright worked with some of the top architects of the Chicago School, including Sullivan. In his Prairie School days, Wright's office was populated by many talented architects, including William Eugene Drummond, John Van Bergen, Isabel", "Title: American modernism Content: Roebling/Washington Roebling) Louis Henry Sullivan headed the so-called Chicago school of architecture, which was distinct by its development of functional design along with modern materials. Sullivan's follower Frank Lloyd Wright absorbed from his 'lieber Master' (dear master) the German romantic tradition of organic architecture. He developed a new and original approach to residential design before World War I, which became known as the \"prairie style.\" It combined open planning principles with horizontal emphasis, asymmetrical facade elevations, and broad, sheltering roofs. Robie House in Chicago (1909) and the Guggenheim Museum in New York City (1946–59) are two of his seminal works.", "Title: American Craftsman Content: Marston House of George Marston in Balboa Park was designed by local architects Irving Gill and William Hebbard. Frank Lloyd Wright, one of the most important and prolific architects of homes in the U.S., was a founder of the Prairie School, an organic architectural outgrowth of American Craftsman aesthetics and its philosophy of quality middle-class home design. Wright's career also spanned the Victorian, Chicago School, International style, and Modernism movements. The Robie House is an example of his American Craftsman inspired Prairie School design. In the early 1900s, developer Herberg J. Hapgood built numbers of Craftsman-style homes, many from stucco,", "Title: Isabel Roberts Content: and opened his own studio in Oak Park, Illinois. Frank Lloyd Wright was one of a number of emerging architects who were part of a movement that Marion Mahony called \"The Chicago Group\" and later came to be known as the Prairie School. \"The Chicago Group\" espoused Louis Sullivan's credo, \"form follows function,\" which became evident in their work, hallmarks of which include: a close relationship of the building to the landscape, an openness and informality of the floor plans, large overhangs on the exterior structure, a use of horizontal bands and clustered windows and a restrained use of conventionalized", "Title: Riverview Terrace Restaurant Content: . . . [W]hen a restaurant is designed by such a giant in his profession as the late architect Frank Lloyd Wright, it’s important to find out what makes it a thing of beauty—to analyze in detail the elements of its design and appointments in search of principles that can be applied to food service facilities elsewhere. No one in the past century has influenced architecture as an art and science more profoundly than Frank Lloyd Wright. Basic to his philosophy of “organic” architecture was the tenet that a building and its environment should be as one—that the structure, through", "Title: Rudolph Schindler (architect) Content: was most influenced by professor Carl König, despite the presence of many other famous professors such as Otto Wagner and particularly, Adolf Loos. Most notably, in 1911, he was introduced to the work of Frank Lloyd Wright through the influential Wasmuth Portfolio. Schindler also met his lifelong friend and rival Richard Neutra at the university in 1912, before completing his thesis project in 1913. Their careers would parallel each other: both would go to Los Angeles through Chicago, be recognized as important early modernists creating new styles suited to the Californian climate, and sometimes, both would work for the same", "Title: Frank Lloyd Wright Content: Wright and set up his architecture practice in the same office, the two worked independently and did not consider themselves partners. In 1896, Wright moved out of the Schiller Building and into the nearby and newly completed Steinway Hall building. The loft space was shared with Robert C. Spencer, Jr., Myron Hunt, and Dwight H. Perkins. These young architects, inspired by the Arts and Crafts Movement and the philosophies of Louis Sullivan, formed what became known as the Prairie School. They were joined by Perkins' apprentice, Marion Mahony, who in 1895 transferred to Wright's team of drafters and took over", "Title: Frank Lloyd Wright Content: later become notable, such as Aaron Green, John Lautner, E. Fay Jones, Henry Klumb, and Paolo Soleri. Frank Lloyd Wright was interested in site and community planning throughout his career. His commissions and theories on urban design began as early as 1900 and continued until his death. He had 41 commissions on the scale of community planning or urban design. His thoughts on suburban design started in 1900 with a proposed subdivision layout for Charles E. Roberts entitled the \"Quadruple Block Plan.\" This design strayed from traditional suburban lot layouts and set houses on small square blocks of four equal-sized" ]

[ "Bruce Price", "Louis Sullivan", "G. I. Gurdjieff", "Ebenezer Howard", "Elizabeth Gordon", "William Morris", "Henry David Thoreau" ]

[ "Title: 1994 NBA Finals Content: represented Houston's only professional championships. The 1994 NBA Championship represented the city of Houston's first professional championship since those two teams, and the first in a league that did not later merge. 1994 NBA Finals The 1994 NBA Finals was the championship round of the National Basketball Association (NBA)'s 1993–94 season, and the culmination of the season's playoffs. The Western Conference champion Houston Rockets played the Eastern Conference champion New York Knicks for the championship, with the Rockets holding home-court advantage in the best-of-seven series. The Rockets defeated the Knicks 4 games to 3 to win the team's first NBA", "Title: 1994 NBA Finals Content: 1994 NBA Finals The 1994 NBA Finals was the championship round of the National Basketball Association (NBA)'s 1993–94 season, and the culmination of the season's playoffs. The Western Conference champion Houston Rockets played the Eastern Conference champion New York Knicks for the championship, with the Rockets holding home-court advantage in the best-of-seven series. The Rockets defeated the Knicks 4 games to 3 to win the team's first NBA championship. This matchup was Hakeem Olajuwon's second NBA Finals appearance, his other being in 1986, where Larry Bird and the Boston Celtics defeated the Houston Rockets four games to two. The series", "Title: Houston Rockets Content: 1967. In the 1968 NBA draft, the Rockets, picking first overall, selected power forward Elvin Hayes, who would lead the team to its first playoff appearance in his rookie season. The Rockets did not finish a season with a winning record until the 1976–77 season, when they traded for center Moses Malone. Malone went on to win the NBA Most Valuable Player (MVP) award twice and led Houston to the conference finals in his first year with the team. He also led the Rockets to the NBA Finals in 1981 where they were defeated in six games by the Boston", "Title: 1995 NBA Playoffs Content: 1995 NBA Playoffs The 1995 NBA Playoffs was the postseason tournament of the National Basketball Association's 1994–95 season. The tournament concluded with the Western Conference champion Houston Rockets defeating the Eastern Conference champion Orlando Magic 4 games to 0 in the NBA Finals. Hakeem Olajuwon was named NBA Finals MVP for the second straight time. As of 2018, the 1995 Rockets are the lowest-seeded team to ever win the NBA Championship. Houston became the eighth team to win back-to-back titles (after the Minneapolis Lakers of 1949 and 1950, and again 1952–54, and the Celtics dynasty of 1959–66 and again in", "Title: 1971 NBA Finals Content: 1971 NBA Finals The 1971 NBA World Championship Series was the championship series played at the conclusion of the National Basketball Association (NBA)'s 25th anniversary season of 1970–71. The Western Conference champion Milwaukee Bucks, who were founded just three years earlier, swept the Eastern Conference champion Baltimore Bullets in four games. Baltimore had dethroned the 1969–70 NBA champion New York Knicks. The Bucks were the first Western Conference champions to win the league's finals since the St. Louis Hawks did so in 1958. This was the first NBA Finals not played in the state of California in 10 years. It", "Title: 1994 NBA Finals Content: would surpass it during their championship season of 2008 when they played 26. The Rockets beat the Knicks in Game 7, 90–84, enabling the city of Houston to not only celebrate its first NBA and fifth professional sports championship (first in an existing league), but also deny New York from having both NBA and NHL championships in the same year (Chicago had suffered this fate two years earlier in 1992, with the Bulls winning their second NBA championship and the Blackhawks losing in the Stanley Cup Finals). For his efforts Olajuwon was named NBA Finals Most Valuable Player. For the", "Title: History of the Houston Rockets Content: History of the Houston Rockets The Houston Rockets are an American professional basketball team based in Houston, Texas. The team plays in the Southwest Division of the Western Conference in the National Basketball Association (NBA). The team was established in 1967, and played in San Diego, California for four years, before moving to Houston, Texas. In the Rockets' debut season, they won 15 games. After drafting Elvin Hayes first overall in the 1968 NBA Draft, they made their first appearance in the playoffs in 1969. After Hayes was traded, Moses Malone replaced him. Malone won two Most Valuable Player (MVP)", "Title: History of the Houston Rockets Content: for losses in a season. Attendance ranked as eighth among the league's twelve teams, leading to financial losses. The sole bright spot of the inaugural season was forward Don Kojis, whose good numbers earned him a spot at the 1968 NBA All-Star Game. In 1968, after the Rockets won a coin toss against the Baltimore Bullets to determine who would have the first overall pick in the 1968 NBA Draft, they selected Elvin Hayes from the University of Houston. Hayes led the team to the franchise's first ever playoff appearance in 1969, but the Rockets lost in the semi-finals of", "Title: 1972 NBA Finals Content: 1972 NBA Finals The 1972 NBA World Championship Series was the championship round played at the conclusion of the 1971–72 National Basketball Association (NBA) season. The Western Conference champion Los Angeles Lakers defeated the Eastern Conference champion New York Knicks in five games. The Lakers got their first NBA championship since the franchise moved to Los Angeles from Minneapolis. It was a rematch of the 1970 NBA Finals that the Knicks had won in a full seven-game series. This season's team won a then NBA-record 69 regular season games, including 33 wins in a row -- a record which still", "Title: 1972 NBA Finals Content: row after losing the opener to win their second NBA title in four years. \"Lakers win series 4–1\" 1972 NBA Finals The 1972 NBA World Championship Series was the championship round played at the conclusion of the 1971–72 National Basketball Association (NBA) season. The Western Conference champion Los Angeles Lakers defeated the Eastern Conference champion New York Knicks in five games. The Lakers got their first NBA championship since the franchise moved to Los Angeles from Minneapolis. It was a rematch of the 1970 NBA Finals that the Knicks had won in a full seven-game series. This season's team won" ]

[ "1994 NBA Finals" ]

[ "Title: High-rise building Content: Moreover, the ongoing changes made to postwar housing estates since the 2000s in former communist countries vary - ranging from simply applying a new coat of paint to the previously grey exterior to thorough modernization of entire buildings. In the European Union, among former communist states, a majority of the population lives in flats in Latvia (65.1%), Estonia (63.8%), Lithuania (58.4%), Czech Republic (52.8%), and Slovakia (50.3%) (, data from Eurostat). However, not all flat dwellers in Eastern Europe live in communist era blocks of flats; many live in buildings constructed after the fall of communism, and some in buildings", "Title: Russia Content: Russia Russia (), officially the Russian Federation (), is a country in Eurasia. At , Russia is the largest country in the world by area, covering more than one-eighth of the Earth's inhabited land area, and the ninth most populous, with about 144.5 million people , excluding Crimea. About 77% of the population live in the western, European part of the country. Russia's capital, Moscow, is the largest metropolitan area in Europe proper and one of the largest cities in the world; other major cities include Saint Petersburg, Novosibirsk, Yekaterinburg and Nizhny Novgorod. Extending across the entirety of Northern Asia", "Title: Demographics of Russia Content: live within the Russian Federation's borders. Russia's population density is 8.4 people per square kilometre (22 per square mile), making it one of the most sparsely populated countries in the world. The population is most dense in the European part of the country, with milder climate, centering on Moscow and Saint Petersburg. 74% of the population is urban, making Russia a highly urbanized country. The population of Russia peaked at 148,689,000 in 1991, just before the breakup of the Soviet Union. Low birth rates and abnormally high death rates caused Russia's population to decline at a 0.5% annual rate, or", "Title: Russia Content: about 20 million ethnic Russians live outside Russia in the former republics of the Soviet Union, mostly in Ukraine and Kazakhstan. The 2010 census recorded 81% of the population as ethnically Russian, and 19% as other ethnicities: 3.7% Tatars; 1.4% Ukrainians; 1.1% Bashkirs; 1% Chuvashes; 11.8% others and unspecified. According to the Census, 84.93% of the Russian population belongs to European ethnic groups (Slavic, Germanic, Finnic other than Ugric, Greek, and others). This is a decline from the 2002, when they constituted for more than 86% of the population. Russia's birth rate is higher than that of most European countries", "Title: Russia Content: include Kamchatka with its volcanoes and geysers, Karelia with its lakes and granite rocks, the snowy Altai Mountains, and the wild steppes of Tuva. Russia Russia (), officially the Russian Federation (), is a country in Eurasia. At , Russia is the largest country in the world by area, covering more than one-eighth of the Earth's inhabited land area, and the ninth most populous, with about 144.5 million people , excluding Crimea. About 77% of the population live in the western, European part of the country. Russia's capital, Moscow, is the largest metropolitan area in Europe proper and one of", "Title: Demographics of Russia Content: Azerbaijan, Moldova, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Armenia, Belarus, and China. Temporary migrant workers in Russia consists of about 7 million people, most of the temporary workers come from Central Asia the Balkans and East Asia. Most of them work in the construction, cleaning and in the household industries. They primarily live in cities such as Moscow, Sochi and Blagoveshchensk. While worker migrants are opposed by most Russians, the mayor of Moscow said that Moscow cannot do without worker migrants. New laws are in place that require worker migrants to be fluent in Russian, know Russian history and laws. The Russian Opposition and", "Title: Russians Content: Russians Russians (, \"russkiye\") are an East Slavic ethnic group native to Eastern Europe. The majority of Russians inhabit the nation state of Russia, while notable minorities exist in other former Soviet states such as Belarus, Kazakhstan, Moldova, Ukraine and the Baltic states. A large Russian diaspora also exists all over the world, with notable numbers in the United States, Germany, Israel, Brazil, and Canada. Russians are the most numerous ethnic group in Europe. The Russians share many cultural traits with other East Slavic ethnic groups, specifically Belarusians and Ukrainians. They are predominantly Orthodox Christians by religion. The Russian language", "Title: Demographics of Russia Content: 77% of its population lives in European Russia, while the 23% lives in its Asian part. As of 2017, Russia's TFR of 1.62 children born/woman was among the highest in Eastern, Southern and Central Europe. In 2013, Russia experienced the first natural population growth since 1990 at 22,700. According to the 2010 census, ethnic Russians make up 81% of the total population. This share remained steady over the last few decades. Six other ethnicities have a population exceeding 1 million – Tatars (3.9%), Ukrainians (1.4%), Bashkir (1.1%), Chuvash (1%), Chechens (1%) and Armenians (0.9%). In total, 160 different ethnic groups", "Title: Demographics of Russia Content: many other nations. Relatively few Russian people live in villages—rural population accounted for 26% of the total population according to the 2010 Russian Census. Some people own or rent village houses and use them as dachas (summer houses). Census information: Demographics of Russia The demographics of Russia is about the demographic features of the population of the Russian Federation including population growth, population density, ethnic composition, education level, health, economic status and other aspects. As of 1 January 2018, the population of Russia is 144,530,031 excluding Crimea and Sevastopol, whose annexation is not recognized by most UN members. Including Crimea", "Title: Russians Content: were participants in the White movement, although the term is broadly applied to anyone who may have left the country due to the change in regime. Today the largest ethnic Russian diasporas outside Russia live in former Soviet states such as Ukraine (about 8 million), Kazakhstan (about 3.8 million), Belarus (about 785,000), Latvia (about 520,000) with the most Russian settlement out of the Baltic States which includes Lithuania and Estonia, Uzbekistan (about 650,000) and Kyrgyzstan (about 419,000). Over a million Russian Jews emigrated to Israel during and after the Refusenik movements; some brought ethnic Russian relatives along with them. Over" ]

[ "Moscow" ]

[ "Title: Holy Roman Empire Content: Holy Roman Empire The Holy Roman Empire (; ) was a multi-ethnic complex of territories in Western and Central Europe that developed during the Early Middle Ages and continued until its dissolution in 1806 during the Napoleonic Wars. The largest territory of the empire after 962 was the Kingdom of Germany, though it also came to include the neighboring Kingdom of Bohemia, the Kingdom of Burgundy, the Kingdom of Italy, and numerous other territories. On 25 December 800, Pope Leo III crowned the Frankish king Charlemagne as Emperor, reviving the title in Western Europe, more than three centuries after the", "Title: Holy Roman Empire Content: in Paderborn, Bad Lippspringe, Ingelheim am Rhein, Diedenhofen (now Thionville), Aachen, Worms, Forchheim, Trebur, Fritzlar, Ravenna, Quedlinburg, Dortmund, Verona, Minden, Mainz, Frankfurt am Main, Merseburg, Goslar, Würzburg, Bamberg, Schwäbisch Hall, Augsburg, Nuremberg, Quierzy-sur-Oise, Speyer, Gelnhausen, Erfurt, Eger (now Cheb), Esslingen, Lindau, Freiburg, Cologne, Konstanz and Trier before it was moved permanently to Regensburg. The Holy Roman Empire never had a capital city. Usually, the Holy Roman Emperor ruled from a place of his own choice. This was called an imperial seat. Seats of the Holy Roman Emperor included: Aachen (from 794), Palermo (1220-1254), Munich (1328–1347 and 1744–1745), Prague (1355–1437 and", "Title: Military history of the Netherlands Content: however, two dynasties of leaders succeeded each other; first the Merovingians and then the Carolingians. The Holy Roman Empire was a political conglomeration of lands in Central Europe and Western Europe in the Middle Ages and the early modern period. Emerging from the eastern part of the Frankish Empire after its division in the Treaty of Verdun (843), it lasted almost a millennium until its dissolution in 1806. By the 18th century, it still consisted of the larger part of modern Germany, Bohemia (now Czech Republic), Austria, Liechtenstein, Slovenia, Belgium, and Luxembourg, as well as large parts of modern Poland", "Title: Holy Roman Empire Content: used beginning in 1157 under Frederick I Barbarossa (\"Holy Empire\"): the term was added to reflect Frederick's ambition to dominate Italy and the Papacy. The form \"Holy Roman Empire\" is attested from 1254 onward. In a decree following the 1512 Diet of Cologne, the name was changed to the \"Holy Roman Empire of the German Nation\" (, ), a form first used in a document in 1474. The new title was adopted partly because the Empire had lost most of its Italian and Burgundian (Kingdom of Arles) territories to the south and west by the late 15th century, but also", "Title: Holy Roman Empire Content: the shortened \"Roman Empire of the German Nation\", is often used in Germany to refer to the Holy Roman Empire. In a famous assessment of the name, the political philosopher Voltaire (1694–1778) remarked sardonically: \"This body which was called and which still calls itself the Holy Roman Empire was in no way holy, nor Roman, nor an empire.\" As Roman power in Gaul declined during the 5th century, local Germanic tribes assumed control. In the late 5th and early 6th centuries, the Merovingians, under Clovis I and his successors, consolidated Frankish tribes and extended hegemony over others to gain control", "Title: Western Roman Empire Content: refer to the Empire centered in Constantinople. Following the end of the Eastern Roman Empire after the Fall of Constantinople in 1453 and the dissolution of the Holy Roman Empire in 1806, the title of \"Emperor\" became widespread among European monarchs. The Austrian Empire laid claim to be the heir of the Holy Roman Empire as Austria's Habsburgs attempted to unite Germany under their rule. The German Empire, established in 1871, also claimed to be a successor of Rome through the lineage of the Holy Roman Empire. Both of these empires used the imperial title \"Kaiser\" (derived from the Latin", "Title: Kleinstaaterei Content: modern trend of political concentration and centralisation, no such state emerged within the Holy Roman Empire. While two relatively large states developed within the Holy Roman Empire, both—the Habsburg Monarchy and the Kingdom of Prussia—were really multinational empires that included substantial non-German territories and lands outside the borders of the Holy Roman Empire, while excluding major parts of Germany proper. Apart from these two states, the Holy Roman Empire consisted of hundreds of small, German-speaking principalities, most of which derived from successive dynastic splits (feudal fragmentation), sometimes reflected in compound names such as Saxe-Coburg; some of these were united through", "Title: Military history of Germany Content: of over two millennia of military conflict over various territorial, religious, ideological and economic concerns. The Holy Roman Empire of the German Nation (also referred as the First German Empire) emerged from the eastern part of the Carolingian Empire after its division in the Treaty of Verdun of 843, and lasted almost a millennium until its dissolution in 1806. It was never a unitary state; from the beginning it was made up of many ethnicities and languages and would at its height comprise territories ranging from eastern France to northern Italy. Its unifying characteristic was its Carolingian heritage and strong", "Title: Capital of Germany Content: Holy Roman Empire, used to have Aachen as its preferred seat of government during Charlemagne's reign, and until 1531 it was the place where 31 Holy Roman Emperors were crowned Kings of the Germans. The coronation later moved to Frankfurt. However after Charlemagne, none of the subsequent Holy Roman Emperors moved to Aachen or Frankfurt, instead retaining their own original constituent kingdom or principality as base or moving into temporary Royal palaces dotted around the confederate realm known as Kaiserpfalz. The last imperial ruling house (the Habsburgs) had Vienna as its permanent seat of government. After the Congress of Vienna", "Title: History of Germany Content: by \"robber knights\" became common. From 1438 the Habsburgs, who controlled most of the southeast of the Empire (more or less modern-day Austria and Slovenia, and Bohemia and Moravia after the death of King Louis II in 1526), maintained a constant grip on the position of the Holy Roman Emperor until 1806 (with the exception of the years between 1742 and 1745). This situation, however, gave rise to increased disunity among the Holy Roman Empire's territorial rulers and prevented sections of the country from coming together to form nations in the manner of France and England. During his reign from" ]

[ "Middle East", "Europe", "North Africa" ]

[ "Title: Liam Hemsworth Content: the Nickelodeon Australian Kids' Choice Awards 2010 host. He and Miley Cyrus won the \"Fave Kiss\" category. Hemsworth starred in the music video for \"Colder Weather\" by the Zac Brown Band. On 4 April 2011, Lionsgate announced Hemsworth to be one of the leads, Gale Hawthorne, in \"The Hunger Games\", which was released in 2012. In June 2011, he became attached to war drama \"Love and Honor\" which also stars Aimee Teegarden and Teresa Palmer. In 2013, Hemsworth appeared in \"Empire State\", with Emma Roberts, and \"Paranoia\", co-starring Harrison Ford, Gary Oldman and Amber Heard. He reprised his role, Gale", "Title: Liam Hemsworth Content: Liam Hemsworth Liam Hemsworth (born 13 January 1990) is an Australian actor. He played the roles of Josh Taylor in the soap opera \"Neighbours\" and Marcus in the children's television series \"The Elephant Princess\". In American films, Hemsworth starred as Will Blakelee in \"The Last Song\" (2010), as Gale Hawthorne in \"The Hunger Games\" film series (2012–2015), and as Jake Morrison in \"\" (2016). Hemsworth's older brothers, Luke and Chris, are also actors. Hemsworth was born in Melbourne, Australia, to Leonie (née van Os), an English teacher, and Craig Hemsworth, a social-services counsellor. His two older brothers are Chris and", "Title: Liam Hemsworth Content: British film \"Triangle\". He also made a brief appearance as an MIT student in the film \"Knowing\". In 2009, Hemsworth was selected to act opposite Sylvester Stallone in Stallone's 2010 film, \"The Expendables\", but his character was written out of the script (Hemsworth later co-starred in \"The Expendables 2\"). Hemsworth's brother, Chris, told \"Movieline\" that just a few hours after Hemsworth learned he would not appear in \"The Expendables\", director Kenneth Branagh called to ask him to test for the lead role in the 2011 film \"Thor\". Hemsworth moved to the States in March 2009 for screen tests. Though he", "Title: Chris Hemsworth Content: Chris Hemsworth Christopher Hemsworth (born 11 August 1983) is an Australian actor. He rose to prominence playing Kim Hyde in the Australian TV series \"Home and Away\" (2004–07). Hemsworth has also appeared in the science fiction action film \"Star Trek\" (2009), the thriller adventure \"A Perfect Getaway\" (2009), the horror comedy \"The Cabin in the Woods\" (2012), the dark-fantasy action film \"Snow White and the Huntsman\" (2012), the war film \"Red Dawn\" (2012), and the biographical sports drama film \"Rush\" (2013). In the Marvel Cinematic Universe he portrays the role of Thor, beginning in \"Thor\" (2011), and also appearing in", "Title: Liam Hemsworth Content: eventually lost the role to Chris in May, Disney announced later the same week that Hemsworth had landed the part of Will Blakelee in the 2010 drama \"The Last Song\", based on the Nicholas Sparks novel by the same name. Hemsworth plays the love interest of Miley Cyrus's character in the film. Nikki Finke reported that Hemsworth had been in Los Angeles for just three weeks and had not yet found an agent when he was cast. Hemsworth next appeared in the music video for Cyrus' \"When I Look at You\" which was recorded on 16 August 2009. In September", "Title: Liam Neeson Content: Steven Spielberg's Academy Award-winning film, \"Schindler's List\" (1993). He has since starred in other successful films, including the title role in the historical biopic \"Michael Collins\" (1996), the 1998 film adaptation of Victor Hugo's \"Les Misérables\", the epic space opera \"\" (1999), the biographical drama \"Kinsey\" (2004), the superhero film \"Batman Begins\" (2005), the action thriller series \"Taken\" (2008–2014), the thriller-survival film \"The Grey\" (2011), and the historical drama \"Silence\" (2016). He also provided the voices of Aslan in \"The Chronicles of Narnia\" trilogy (2005–2010) and the titular monster in \"A Monster Calls\" (2016). He has been nominated for a", "Title: Liam Hemsworth Content: 2009, Hemsworth appeared at a dinner event to promote Foxtel, an Australian pay television company. In March 2010, \"Details\" magazine selected Hemsworth as one of their predictions for \"The Next Generation of Hollywood's Leading Men\". Later that month, it was announced that Hemsworth was in negotiations to star in \"Arabian Nights\", a 3D action film that will be directed by Chuck Russell for Inferno Entertainment. It was later confirmed that he will be starring in the movie. He has also reportedly been offered the lead role in \"Northern Lights\" after Taylor Lautner withdrew from the David Ellison-financed project. Hemsworth was", "Title: Chris Hemsworth Content: \"The Avengers\" (2012), \"\" (2013), \"\" (2015), \"Doctor Strange\" (2016), \"\" (2017), and \"\" (2018). He will reprise his role in \"\" scheduled to be released in 2019. In 2015, he starred in the action thriller film \"Blackhat\", had a comedic role in the fifth installment of National Lampoon's \"Vacation\" series, \"Vacation\", and headlined the biographical thriller film \"In the Heart of the Sea\". The following year, Hemsworth had a supporting role in Sony's reboot of \"Ghostbusters\". Hemsworth was born in Melbourne, to Leonie (née van Os), an English teacher, and Craig Hemsworth, a social-services counsellor. He is the middle", "Title: Liam Hemsworth Content: Hawthorne, in three sequels to \"The Hunger Games\", \"\", released in November 2013, \"\", released in November 2014, and \"\", released in November 2015. On 11 June 2012, Los Angeles-based non-profit organization Australians in Film announced that Hemsworth would be honoured at an exclusive benefit dinner on 27 June 2012 in Hollywood. Hemsworth attended the invitation only event, held at the Intercontinental Hotel in Century City, with his then fiancée Miley Cyrus. It was their first public appearance together as an engaged couple. In 2015, Hemsworth portrayed the love interest of Kate Winslet's character in the Australian literary adaptation \"The", "Title: Chris Hemsworth Content: male actors who are \"pushing – or being pushed\" onto the Hollywood \"A-List\". Sony Pictures announced in 2011 that Hemsworth would star in the thriller \"Shadow Runner\", which did not subsequently go into production . Perhaps most famously known for his role as the Marvel Comics superhero Thor in the 2011 Marvel Studios film \"Thor\". He and castmate Tom Hiddleston, who ultimately played Loki, had each auditioned for the role, for which Hemsworth said he put on 20 pounds of muscle. Hemsworth reprised the role in the 2012 film \"The Avengers\" as one of the six superheroes sent to defend" ]

[ "Love and Honor", "The Hunger Games", "The Expendables 2", "The Last Song", "Empire State", "Timeless", "Arabian Nights", "The Expendables two", "Knowing", "Triangle", "The Hunger Games: Catching Fire" ]

[ "Title: Nicholas Newman Content: Nicholas Newman Nicholas Newman is a fictional character from the American CBS soap opera \"The Young and the Restless\". Created and introduced by William J. Bell, he was born onscreen in 1988 as the second child of supercouple characters Victor and Nikki Newman. Portrayed by a set of twins and later two child actors for his first six-year period, the writers of the series decided to rapidly age the character to a teenager in the summer of 1994. That June, Joshua Morrow began portraying Nick, and has remained in the role to present time. The character was reintroduced with the", "Title: Nicholas Newman Content: ricochet through the town. But this time the impact is minimal\". Jamey Giddens of Zap2it stated that it was \"sad to see a storyline that started with such huge, game-changing potential devolve into a head-scratching stink bomb\". Nicholas Newman Nicholas Newman is a fictional character from the American CBS soap opera \"The Young and the Restless\". Created and introduced by William J. Bell, he was born onscreen in 1988 as the second child of supercouple characters Victor and Nikki Newman. Portrayed by a set of twins and later two child actors for his first six-year period, the writers of the", "Title: Nicholas Newman Content: and popularity during the late 1990s, considered a long-time fan favorite by \"TV Guide\". The pairing of Nick and Sharon has been met with notable success, listed as one of the genre's best supercouples by \"The Huffington Post\" and SoapNet, among other sources. Morrow's performance has been met with critical acclaim, having garnered him the Daytime Emmy Award for Outstanding Younger Actor in a Drama Series nomination consecutively from 1996 to 2000. Created and introduced by William J. Bell, the role of Nicholas Newman was born onscreen during the episode dated December 31, 1988. The character was portrayed by infant", "Title: Nicholas Newman Content: twins Marco and Stefan Flores in 1989, while child actor Griffin Ledner took over the following year, departing in January 1991. Child actor John Alden played the role of Nick from 1991 to 1994. On June 21, 1994, the producers of the series decided to rapidly age Nick to a teenager; ending speculation that another teenage child of Victor Newman (Eric Braeden) would be introduced to the soap opera. The character's return as a teenager was written as him returning from boarding school after a long duration. Since then, the role has been portrayed by actor Joshua Morrow. Morrow had", "Title: Summer Newman Content: Summer Newman Summer Newman is a fictional character from the American CBS soap opera \"The Young and the Restless\". Created by former head writers Lynn Marie Latham and Kay Alden, the role is currently portrayed by Hunter King. The character was born onscreen during the episode airing on December 19, 2006 as the daughter of Phyllis Summers (Gina Tognoni) and Nicholas Newman (Joshua Morrow), but for one year was believed to be the daughter of Jack Abbott (Peter Bergman) because of Sharon's tampering with the paternity test results. The role was first portrayed by a series of child actors, including", "Title: Noah Newman Content: Noah Newman Noah Newman is a fictional character from the American soap opera \"The Young and the Restless\". He is the only son of the supercouple pairing of Nicholas Newman and Sharon Collins. Born onscreen in 1997, the character was first portrayed by a wide range of child actors before being rapidly aged. Kevin Schmidt was the first actor to play Noah after being aged, appearing from 2008 to September 2010 when the role was recast with Luke Kleintank before being let go in April 2011 with Schmidt being rehired. Schmidt was again let go in 2012, replaced by Robert", "Title: Nicholas Newman Content: previously auditioned for the role of \"Dylan\" on another CBS soap opera \"The Bold and the Beautiful\", making it to the final two casting options, but lost the role to Dylan Neal. The network later requested him to read for the part of Nick, which he won. Morrow, who worked in a restaurant prior to debuting on \"The Young and the Restless\", considered his change in profession a \"quantum leap in careers\". He said that accepting the role was \"a very easy decision\" considering how popular the show was. \"The Record\" newspaper described the role as being \"tailor-made\" for Morrow.", "Title: Chris Engen (actor) Content: Chris Engen (actor) Chris Engen (born October 25, 1979) is an American actor known for his portrayal of Adam Newman on the daytime soap opera \"The Young and the Restless\". Born in Apple Valley, California, Engen is also a writer and a musician. He graduated from Bishop Montgomery High School in 1997. Engen has guest-starred in various television programs. He was a recurring character in \"Saints & Sinners\", \"\" and \"Felicity\". He began appearing as Adam Newman on \"The Young and the Restless\" on February 12, 2008. Engen abruptly left his role on \"The Young and the Restless\" in mid-May", "Title: Sharon Newman Content: Sharon Newman Sharon Newman is a fictional character from \"The Young and the Restless\", an American soap opera on the CBS network, currently portrayed by Sharon Case. Created by William J. Bell as a love interest for Nicholas Newman, the character debuted on March 24, 1994. Before Case took over in September 1994, the character was portrayed briefly by Monica Potter and then by Heidi Mark. When first introduced, Sharon was a young girl from the poor side of town. Nick and Sharon married, had a son named Noah, and later won custody of Cassie, the child a teenaged Sharon", "Title: Nicholas Brody Content: Nicholas Brody GySgt. Nicholas \"Nick\" Brody, played by actor Damian Lewis, is a fictional character on the American television series \"Homeland\" on Showtime, created by Alex Gansa and Howard Gordon. Brody was a USMC Sergeant who was held as a prisoner of war by al-Qaeda terrorists for eight years. Following his rescue and return home, Brody is hailed as a war hero and promoted to gunnery sergeant. However, a CIA officer, Carrie Mathison, suspects that Brody was turned by al-Qaeda, and tries to stop him from potentially committing a terrorist act. Between the first and second season, he was elected" ]

[ "Joshua Morrow" ]

[ "Title: Eric Cartman Content: Eric Cartman Eric Theodore Cartman, often referred to as just Cartman, is a main character in the animated television series \"South Park\", created by Matt Stone and Trey Parker, and voiced by Parker. Cartman is one of four central characters in \"South Park\", along with Stan Marsh, Kyle Broflovski, and Kenny McCormick. Cartman first appeared, originally named Kenny, in prototypical form in a 1992 animated short \"Jesus vs. Frosty\", and a 1995 animated short \"Jesus vs. Santa\", and first appeared on television in the pilot episode of \"South Park\", \"Cartman Gets an Anal Probe\", on August 13, 1997. Cartman is", "Title: Eric Cartman Content: something.\" Eric Cartman Eric Theodore Cartman, often referred to as just Cartman, is a main character in the animated television series \"South Park\", created by Matt Stone and Trey Parker, and voiced by Parker. Cartman is one of four central characters in \"South Park\", along with Stan Marsh, Kyle Broflovski, and Kenny McCormick. Cartman first appeared, originally named Kenny, in prototypical form in a 1992 animated short \"Jesus vs. Frosty\", and a 1995 animated short \"Jesus vs. Santa\", and first appeared on television in the pilot episode of \"South Park\", \"Cartman Gets an Anal Probe\", on August 13, 1997. Cartman", "Title: South Park: Bigger, Longer & Uncut Content: \"South Park: Bigger, Longer & Uncut\" is mostly carried over faithfully from the television series. Co-creator Trey Parker voices the characters of Eric Cartman and Stan Marsh, and Satan, Clyde Donovan, Mr. Garrison, Phillip Niles Argyle, Randy Marsh, Mr. Mackey, Ned Gerblanski, the singing voice of Big Gay Al, the speaking voice of Gregory, The Mole, Adolf Hitler, and President Bill Clinton, as well as multiple other background characters. Matt Stone portrays Kyle Broflovski and Kenny McCormick, as well as Saddam Hussein (even though during the end credits it says that he was voiced by himself), Terrance Henry Stoot, Big", "Title: Eric Cartman Content: now does so by speaking within his normal vocal range with a childlike inflection. The recorded audio is then edited with Pro Tools, and the pitch is altered to make the voice sound like that of a fourth grader. Parker says to achieve the effect of Cartman's voice, he simply uses the same technique when voicing Stan while \"adding a lot of fat to it\". Cartman is partially named after and based on Matt Karpman, a high school classmate of Parker who remains a friend of both Parker and Stone. Cartman is also inspired by \"All in the Family\" patriarch", "Title: South Park Content: Kyle is modeled after Stone. They are best friends, and their friendship, symbolically intended to reflect Parker and Stone's friendship, is a common topic throughout the series. Eric Cartman (usually nicknamed by his surname only) is loud, obnoxious, and amoral, often portrayed as an antagonist. His anti-Semitic attitude has resulted in a progressive rivalry with Kyle, although the deeper reason is the strong clash between Kyle's strong morality and Cartman's complete lack of such. Kenny, who comes from a poor family, wears his parka hood so tightly that it covers most of his face and muffles his speech. During the", "Title: Stan Marsh Content: Stan Marsh Stanley \"Stan\" Marsh is a main character of the animated television series \"South Park\". He is voiced by and loosely based on series co-creator Trey Parker. Stan is one of the show's four central characters, along with Kyle Broflovski, Kenny McCormick, and Eric Cartman. He debuted on television when \"South Park\" first aired on August 13, 1997, after having first appeared in \"The Spirit of Christmas\" shorts created by Parker and long-time collaborator Matt Stone in 1992 (\"Jesus vs. Frosty\") and 1995 (\"Jesus vs. Santa\"). Stan is an elementary school student who commonly has extraordinary experiences not typical", "Title: Christopher Daniel Barnes Content: reprise the role of Eric in \"\" in 2000 and was replaced by Rob Paulsen. He voiced Prince Charming in the \"Cinderella\" sequels \"\" and \"\". Christopher Daniel Barnes Christopher Daniel Barnes (born November 7, 1972), also known professionally as C. D. Barnes and C. B. Barnes, is an American actor and voice actor. He is best known for his voice role as the title superhero of the 1994 animated series \"Spider-Man\", Prince Eric from \"The Little Mermaid\", as well as his on-screen portrayal of Greg Brady in the films \"The Brady Bunch Movie\" and \"A Very Brady Sequel\". He", "Title: Eric Cartman Content: most popular character on \"South Park\". Parker and Stone state that he is their favorite character, and the one with whom they most identify. \"South Park\" has received both praise and criticism for Cartman's politically incorrect behavior. Prominent publications and television channels have included Cartman on their lists as one of the most iconic television and cartoon characters of all time. Eric Cartman attends South Park Elementary as part of Mr. Garrison's class. During the show's first 58 episodes, Cartman and the other main characters are in the third grade, after which they move on to the fourth grade. He", "Title: Eric Cartman Content: an elementary school student who lives with his mother in the fictional town of South Park, Colorado, where he routinely has extraordinary experiences atypical of a small town. Cartman has been portrayed as aggressive, prejudiced, arrogant and narcissistic since his character's inception; Stone and Parker describe the character as \"a little Archie Bunker\". These traits are significantly augmented in later seasons as his character evolves and he begins to exhibit extremely psychopathic, sociopathic and manipulative behavior and also be depicted as highly intelligent, able to execute morally appalling plans and business ideas with success. Cartman is considered to be the", "Title: Stan Marsh Content: framework of popular philosophical, theological, and political concepts. Stan Marsh Stanley \"Stan\" Marsh is a main character of the animated television series \"South Park\". He is voiced by and loosely based on series co-creator Trey Parker. Stan is one of the show's four central characters, along with Kyle Broflovski, Kenny McCormick, and Eric Cartman. He debuted on television when \"South Park\" first aired on August 13, 1997, after having first appeared in \"The Spirit of Christmas\" shorts created by Parker and long-time collaborator Matt Stone in 1992 (\"Jesus vs. Frosty\") and 1995 (\"Jesus vs. Santa\"). Stan is an elementary school" ]

[ "Trey Parker" ]

[ "Title: Angelina Jolie Content: daughter of actors Jon Voight and Marcheline Bertrand. She is the sister of actor James Haven, and the niece of singer-songwriter Chip Taylor and geologist and volcanologist Barry Voight. Her godparents are actors Jacqueline Bisset and Maximilian Schell. On her father's side, Jolie is of German and Slovak descent, and on her mother's side, she is of primarily French Canadian, Dutch, and German ancestry. Like her mother, Jolie has stated that she is part Iroquois, although her only known indigenous ancestors were 17th-century Hurons. After her parents' separation in 1976, Jolie and her brother lived with their mother, who had", "Title: Brandon & Leah Content: track and field Olympian Caitlyn Jenner and actress Linda Thompson. His ex-stepmother was Kris Jenner from 1991 to 2015. He is the brother of Brody Jenner, now ex-stepbrother of Kourtney, Kim, Khloé, and Rob Kardashian, and half-brother of Kendall, Kylie, and Burton Jenner, and Cassandra Marino. With his younger brother, Brody, he was on the TV reality show \"The Princes of Malibu\". He appears on the reality shows \"Keeping Up with the Kardashians\" and \"Kourtney and Kim Take Miami\". Leah Elizabeth Jenner (née Felder, born November 24, 1982) is the daughter of former Eagles guitarist Don Felder. Along with husband", "Title: Angelina Jolie Content: contributing factor of her controversial image were tabloid rumors of incest that started when Jolie, upon winning her Oscar, kissed her brother on the lips and said, \"I'm so in love with my brother right now.\" She dismissed the rumors, saying, \"It was disappointing that something so beautiful and pure could be turned into a circus,\" and explained that, as children of divorce, she and James relied on one another for emotional support. Jolie's reputation began to change positively after she, at age 26, became a Goodwill Ambassador for the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees, later commenting, \"In my", "Title: Angelina Jolie Content: for the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR). As a public figure, Jolie has been cited as one of the most influential and powerful people in the American entertainment industry. For a number of years, she was cited as the world's most beautiful woman by various media outlets, and her personal life is the subject of wide publicity. Divorced from actors Jonny Lee Miller and Billy Bob Thornton, she separated from her third husband, actor Brad Pitt, in September 2016. They have six children together, three of whom were adopted internationally. Born in Los Angeles, California, Jolie is the", "Title: Angelina Jolie Content: her surname \"Voight\" in favor of her middle name, which she had long used as a stage name; the name change was granted on September 12, 2002. Voight then went public with their estrangement during an appearance on \"Access Hollywood\", in which he claimed Jolie had \"serious mental problems.\" At that point, her mother and brother also broke off contact with Voight. They did not speak for six and a half years, but began rebuilding their relationship in the wake of Bertrand's death from ovarian cancer on January 27, 2007, before going public with their reconciliation three years later. Jolie", "Title: Angelina Jolie Content: 31. Pitt subsequently adopted Pax on February 21, 2008. At the Cannes Film Festival in May 2008, Jolie confirmed that she was expecting twins. For the two weeks she spent in a seaside hospital in Nice, France, reporters and photographers camped outside on the promenade. She gave birth to a son, Knox Léon, and a daughter, Vivienne Marcheline, on July 12, 2008. The first pictures of Knox and Vivienne were jointly sold to \"People\" and \"Hello!\" for a reported $14 million—the most expensive celebrity photographs ever taken. All proceeds were donated to the Jolie-Pitt Foundation. On February 16, 2013, at", "Title: Brody Jenner Content: Khloé, and Rob; and his half-sisters, Kendall and Kylie Jenner. Jenner was born in Los Angeles, California, on August 21, 1983, to reality television personality and retired Olympics champion Caitlyn Jenner (formerly Bruce Jenner) and actress Linda Thompson. He is the half-brother to Burton \"Burt\" and Cassandra \"Casey\" Jenner through Caitlyn's marriage to Chrystie Crownover, which lasted from 1972 until 1981. Jenner is the younger brother of Brandon Jenner, also a reality-television personality. After Jenner's parents divorced in 1985, Caitlyn Jenner married Kris Kardashian, the ex-wife of attorney Robert Kardashian, in 1991. Consequently, Jenner became a stepbrother of Kourtney, Kim,", "Title: James Haven Content: during which he legally dropped \"Voight\" as his surname. In the wake of his mother's death from ovarian cancer on January 27, 2007, he reconciled with his father after a six-year estrangement. Haven became a born-again Christian in 2009. James Haven James Haven (born James Haven Voight, May 11, 1973) is an American actor and producer. He is the son of actors Jon Voight and Marcheline Bertrand, and the older brother of actress Angelina Jolie. Haven was born in Los Angeles, California, in 1973, to actors Jon Voight and Marcheline Bertrand. His younger sister is Angelina Jolie, who also became", "Title: Portmanteau Content: Angelina Jolie) and TomKat (Tom Cruise and Katie Holmes). \"Desilu Productions\" was a Los Angeles, California-based company jointly owned by couple and actors Desi Arnaz and Lucille Ball. Miramax is the combination of the first names of the parents of the Weinstein brothers. On Wednesday, June 28, 2017, The New York Times crossword included the quip, \"How I wish Natalie Portman dated Jacques Cousteau, so I could call them 'Portmanteau'\". Holidays are another example, as in Thanksgivukkah, a portmanteau neologism given to the convergence of the American holiday of Thanksgiving and the first day of the Jewish holiday of Hanukkah", "Title: Angelina Jolie Content: one of Hollywood's most glamorous couples. Their family grew to include six children, three of whom were adopted, before they announced their engagement in April 2012. Jolie and Pitt married on August 23, 2014, at their estate Château Miraval in Correns, France. She subsequently took the name \"Jolie Pitt\". After two years of marriage, the couple separated in September 2016. In her divorce filing, Jolie requested physical custody of their children. On June 6, 2018, a new temporary custody agreement was established between Jolie and Pitt after the court's order against Jolie. On March 10, 2002, Jolie adopted her first" ]

[ "James Haven" ]

[ "Title: Bank of America Content: Bank of America The Bank of America Corporation (abbreviated as BofA) is an American multinational investment bank and financial services company based in Charlotte, North Carolina with central hubs in New York City, London, Hong Kong, and Toronto. Bank of America was formed through NationsBank's acquisition of BankAmerica in 1998. It is the second largest banking institution in the United States, after JP Morgan Chase. As a part of the Big Four, it services approximately 10.73% of all American bank deposits, in direct competition with Citigroup, Wells Fargo, and JPMorgan Chase. Its primary financial services revolve around commercial banking, wealth", "Title: Bank of America Content: ft (265 m), having been completed in 1992. In 2012, Bank of America cut ties to the American Legislative Exchange Council (ALEC). Bank of America's Global Corporate and Investment Banking has its U.S. headquarters in New York, European headquarters in London, and Asian headquarters in Hong Kong and Singapore. In 2007, the bank offered employees a $3,000 rebate for the purchase of hybrid vehicles. The company also provided a $1,000 rebate or a lower interest rate for customers whose homes qualified as energy efficient. In 2007, Bank of America partnered with Brighter Planet to offer an eco-friendly credit card, and", "Title: Bank of America Corporate Center Content: by the tower. With the influence of both U.S. representative Alex McMillan and Senator Ernest Hollings, the reversal of the original ruling was made after further review by the FAA. Since its construction, there has not been an incident involving an aircraft and the tower. Since its completion, the Bank of America Corporate Center has been the world headquarters for what is now Bank of America. NationsBank bought BankAmerica Corporation in 1998, changed its name to Bank of America and sold off BankAmerica's headquarters at 555 California Street, then the Bank of America Center, in San Francisco. McKinsey & Company", "Title: Bank of America Plaza (Dallas) Content: Bank of America Plaza (Dallas) Bank of America Plaza is a 72-story, late-modernist skyscraper located in the Main Street District in the city's downtown core in Dallas, Texas, United States. It is the tallest skyscraper in the city, the 3rd tallest in Texas and the 32nd tallest in the United States. It contains of office space. The building was designed by JPJ Architects and developed by Bramalea Limited of Toronto. The original owner was a joint venture arrangement including Prudential Insurance, Bramalea Limited, and First National Bank of Dallas under parent company InterFirst Corporation. Construction commenced in 1983 and the", "Title: Bank of America Plaza (Dallas) Content: floors. Exterior shots of the building were used as the home of JRE Industries in Season 11 of the 1980s television series \"Dallas\". Bank of America Plaza (Dallas) Bank of America Plaza is a 72-story, late-modernist skyscraper located in the Main Street District in the city's downtown core in Dallas, Texas, United States. It is the tallest skyscraper in the city, the 3rd tallest in Texas and the 32nd tallest in the United States. It contains of office space. The building was designed by JPJ Architects and developed by Bramalea Limited of Toronto. The original owner was a joint venture", "Title: Bank of America Tower (Manhattan) Content: Bank of America Tower (Manhattan) The Bank of America Tower (BOAT) at One Bryant Park is a skyscraper in the Midtown area of Manhattan in New York City. It is located on Avenue of the Americas, between 42nd and 43rd Streets, opposite Bryant Park. The project was designed by COOKFOX Architects, and advertised to be one of the most efficient and ecologically friendly buildings in the world. It is the fifth tallest building in New York City, after One World Trade Center, 432 Park Avenue, 30 Hudson Yards, and the Empire State Building, and the seventh tallest building in the", "Title: Bank of America Content: five primary lines of business: Premier Banking & Investments (including Bank of America Investment Services, Inc.), The Private Bank, Family Wealth Advisors, and Bank of America Specialist. The Global Markets division offers services to institutional clients, including trading in financial securities. The division provides research and other services such as market maker and risk management using derivatives. The division represented 19% of the company's total revenues in 2016. The Bank of America principal executive offices are located in the Bank of America Corporate Center, Charlotte, North Carolina. The skyscraper is located at 100 North Tryon Street, and stands at 871", "Title: Bank of America Corporate Center Content: July 20, 2005 Ken Lewis, then CEO and Mr. Cyprian White of the Credit Bureau of the Bank of America, announced the construction of a brand new 150 key Ritz-Carlton and LEED certified 40 story office retail complex located adjacent to the Bank of America Corporate Center. Bank of America Corporate Center The Bank of America Corporate Center is an 871 ft (265 m) skyscraper in Uptown Charlotte, North Carolina. When completed in 1992, it became and still is the tallest building in Charlotte and in North Carolina; the building is 60 stories high. It is the 174th-tallest building in", "Title: Bank of America Corporate Center Content: Bank of America Corporate Center The Bank of America Corporate Center is an 871 ft (265 m) skyscraper in Uptown Charlotte, North Carolina. When completed in 1992, it became and still is the tallest building in Charlotte and in North Carolina; the building is 60 stories high. It is the 174th-tallest building in the world. Designed by Argentine architect César Pelli and HKS Architects, it is the 31st-tallest building in the United States and is the most widely known building in the Charlotte skyline. It is best known as the world headquarters for Bank of America. It is among the", "Title: Bank of America Content: Superman Building based on a popular belief that it was the model for the Daily Planet building in the Superman comic books. The Miami Tower iconic in its appearance in \"Miami Vice\" was known as the Bank of America Tower for many years. It is located in Downtown Miami. On April 18, 2012, the AIA's Florida Chapter placed it on its list of Florida Architecture: 100 Years. 100 Places as the Bank of America Tower. Bank of America The Bank of America Corporation (abbreviated as BofA) is an American multinational investment bank and financial services company based in Charlotte, North" ]

[ "Charlotte" ]

[ "Title: Government of Japan Content: Government of Japan The government of Japan is a constitutional monarchy in which the power of the Emperor is limited and is relegated primarily to ceremonial duties. As in many other states, the Government is divided into three branches: the Legislative branch, the Executive branch and the Judicial branch. The Government runs under the framework established by the Constitution of Japan, adopted in 1947. It is a unitary state, containing forty-seven administrative divisions, with the Emperor as its head of state. His role is ceremonial and he has no powers related to Government. Instead, it is the Cabinet, comprising the", "Title: Government of Japan Content: of general affairs, finance, welfare, health, and labor. Departments of agriculture, fisheries, forestry, commerce, and industry are optional, depending on local needs. The Governor is responsible for all activities supported through local taxation or the national government. Government of Japan The government of Japan is a constitutional monarchy in which the power of the Emperor is limited and is relegated primarily to ceremonial duties. As in many other states, the Government is divided into three branches: the Legislative branch, the Executive branch and the Judicial branch. The Government runs under the framework established by the Constitution of Japan, adopted in", "Title: Politics of Japan Content: Politics of Japan The politics of Japan are conducted in a framework of a multi-party bicameral parliamentary representative democratic constitutional monarchy whereby the Emperor is the ceremonial head of state and the Prime Minister is the head of government and the head of the Cabinet, which directs the executive branch. Legislative power is vested in the National Diet, which consists of the House of Representatives and the House of Councillors. Judicial power is vested in the Supreme Court and lower courts, and sovereignty is vested in the Japanese people by the Constitution. Japan is considered a constitutional monarchy with a", "Title: Childbirth in Japan Content: in 1947, Japan has been a parliamentary government with a constitutional monarchy. The monarchy is hereditary while the prime minister must be elected by the Diet, or a bicameral legislative branch consisting of the House of Councilors and House of Representatives. Japanese local administration is by prefecture. The country is divided into 47 prefectures, each of which is further subdivided into cities with respective wards and blocks. Suffrage is granted at age 20 Japan boasts the fourth largest GDP in the world after the European Union, the United States, and China. While Japan was for centuries a largely agricultural economy,", "Title: Japan Content: Kyoto Protocol, Japan is under treaty obligation to reduce its carbon dioxide emissions and to take other steps to curb climate change. Japan is a constitutional monarchy and sovereign state whereby the power of the Emperor is very limited. As a ceremonial figurehead, he is defined by the constitution to be \"the symbol of the State and of the unity of the people\". Executive power is wielded chiefly by the Prime Minister and his cabinet, while sovereignty is vested in the Japanese people. Japan's legislative body is the National Diet, seated in Chiyoda, Tokyo. The Diet is a bicameral body,", "Title: Government of Japan Content: Ministers of State and the Prime Minister, that directs and controls the Government. The Cabinet is the source of power of the Executive branch, and is formed by the Prime Minister, who is the head of government. He or she is designated by the National Diet and appointed to office by the Emperor. The National Diet is the legislature, the organ of the Legislative branch. It is bicameral, consisting of two houses with the House of Councillors being the upper house, and the House of Representatives being the lower house. Its members are directly elected from the people, who are", "Title: Japan Content: by the SCAP, the sovereign state of Japan has maintained a unitary parliamentary constitutional monarchy with an Emperor and an elected legislature called the National Diet. Japan is a member of the ASEAN Plus mechanism, UN, the OECD, the G7, the G8, and the G20, and is considered a great power. Its economy is the world's third-largest by nominal GDP and the fourth-largest by purchasing power parity. It is also the world's fourth-largest exporter and fourth-largest importer. Japan benefits from a highly skilled and educated workforce; it has among the world's largest proportion of citizens holding a tertiary education degree.", "Title: Government Content: the United States; or a constitutional monarchy, such as Japan, Spain, or the United Kingdom. It may have a presidential system (Argentina, Brazil, Mexico, or the United States), a semi-presidential system (France, Portugal, or Taiwan), or a parliamentary system (Australia, Canada, Germany, Ireland, India, Italy, New Zealand, or the United Kingdom). A republic is a form of government in which the country is considered a \"public matter\" (Latin: \"res publica\"), not the private concern or property of the rulers, and where offices of states are subsequently directly or indirectly elected or appointed rather than inherited. The people, or some significant", "Title: Local government Content: span of five years. The Israeli Ministry of Interior recognizes four types of local government in Israel: Since the Meiji restoration, Japan has had a local government system based on prefectures. The national government oversees much of the country. Municipal governments were historical villages. Now mergers are common for cost effective administration. There are 47 prefectures. They have two main responsibilities. One is mediation between national and municipal governments. The other is area wide administration. Local government is the lowest level in the system of government in Malaysia—after federal and state. It has the power to collect taxes (in the", "Title: Government of Japan Content: the Diet. of the Constitution of Japan and the Board of Audit Act of 1947 gives this body substantial independence from both controls. The Legislative branch organ of Japan is the National Diet (国会). It is a bicameral legislature, composing of a lower house, the House of Representatives, and an upper house, the House of Councillors. Empowered by the Constitution to be \"the highest organ of State power\" and the only \"sole law-making organ of the State\", its houses are both directly elected under a parallel voting system and is ensured by the Constitution to have no discrimination on the" ]

[ "Constitutional monarchy", "Parliamentary system", "Unitary state" ]

[ "Title: Leonidas I Content: Leonidas I Leonidas I (; Doric , '; Ionic and Attic Greek: , ' ; \"son of the lion\"; died 11 August 480 BC) was a warrior king of the Greek city-state of Sparta, and the 17th of the Agiad line; a dynasty which claimed descent from the mythological demigod Heracles. He was the husband of Gorgo, the daughter of Cleomenes I of Sparta. Leonidas had a notable participation in the Second Persian War, where he led the allied Greek forces to a last stand at the Battle of Thermopylae (480 BC) while attempting to defend the pass from the", "Title: Leonidas I Content: after Cleomenes' birth, Anaxandridas' first wife also gave birth to a son, Dorieus. Leonidas was the second son of Anaxandridas' first wife, and either the elder brother or twin of Cleombrotus. King Anaxandridas II died in 520 BC, and Cleomenes succeeded to the throne sometime between then and 516 BC. Dorieus was so outraged that the Spartans had preferred his half-brother over himself that he found it impossible to remain in Sparta. He made one unsuccessful attempt to set up a colony in Africa and, when this failed, sought his fortune in Sicily, where after initial successes he was killed.", "Title: Leonidas II Content: wife Cratesiclea, who belonged to the Seleucid dynasty founded by Seleucus Nicator. His son Cleomenes III eventually succeeded him, having been married at age 18 to Agiatis (d. 224 BC), widow of Agis IV, the Eurypontid king; they had at least one son together who died in Egypt with his grandmother. His daughter Chilonis was married to Cleombrotus II who replaced his father-in-law as king for some time. She was notable for her fidelity to her father, whom she followed into exile, and then to her husband whom she also followed into exile after her father returned to power. Leonidas", "Title: Leonidas I Content: to rule. Leonidas was chosen to lead the combined Greek forces determined to resist the Second Persian invasion of Greece in 481 BC. This was not simply a tribute to Sparta's military prowess: The probability that the coalition wanted Leonidas personally for his capability as a military leader is underlined by the fact that just two years after his death, the coalition preferred Athenian leadership to the leadership of either Leotychidas or Leonidas' successor (as regent for his still under-aged son) Pausanias. The rejection of Leotychidas and Pausanias was not a reflection on Spartan arms. Sparta's military reputation had never", "Title: Leonidas I Content: Leonidas' relationship with his bitterly antagonistic elder brothers is unknown, but he married Cleomenes' daughter, Gorgo, sometime before coming to the throne in 490 BC. Leonidas was heir to the Agiad throne and a full citizen (\"homoios\") at the time of the Battle of Sepeia against Argos (c. 494 BC). Likewise, he was a full citizen when the Persians sought submission from Sparta and met with vehement rejection in or around 492/491 BC. His elder brother, the king, had already been deposed on grounds of purported insanity, and had fled into exile when Athens sought assistance against the First Persian", "Title: Gorgo, Queen of Sparta Content: one son by Leonidas I, Pleistarchus, co-King of Sparta from 480 BC to his death in 458 BC. Her son was a minor at his father's death, so his uncle Cleombrotus (died 480 BC) and then his first cousin and heir Pausanias (r. 480-479 BC) acted as his regent. It was Pausanias who was the architect of the combined Greek victory at the Battle of Plataea (479 BC). After Pausanias fell into disfavor and was accused of plotting treason, Leonidas's son Pleistarchus ruled with the other king of Sparta, Leotychidas II (and then his grandson Archidamus) until his death 459/458", "Title: Leonidas II Content: Leonidas II Leonidas II (; , \"Leōnídas B\"', \"Lion's son, Lion-like\"), was the 28th Agiad King of Sparta from 254 to 235 BC. Leonidas II was raised at the Persian Court, and according to Plutarch's Life of Agis IV, he married a Persian woman. According to other sources, this non-Spartan wife was actually a Seleucid, possibly the daughter of Seleucus I Nicator by his Persian wife Apama. She was therefore not fully Persian, but half-Macedonian and half-Persian. His Persian-influenced lifestyle, his non-Spartan (therefore foreign) wife and his half-Spartan children would all be made issues by the ephor Lysander, the co-king", "Title: Ptolemaic Kingdom Content: the Romans restored him to power three years later. He died in 51 BC, leaving the kingdom to his ten-year-old son, Ptolemy XIII Theos Philopator, who reigned jointly with his 17-year-old sister and wife, Cleopatra VII. Cleopatra VII ascended the Egyptian throne at the age of eighteen upon the death of her father, Ptolemy XII Neos Dionysos. She reigned as queen \"philopator\" and pharaoh with various male co-regents from 51 to 30 BC when she died at the age of 39. The demise of the Ptolemies' power coincided with the growing dominance of the Roman Republic. Having little choice, and", "Title: Leonidas I Content: \"the Immortals\" was held back, and two of Xerxes' brothers (Abrocomes and Hyperanthes) died in battle. On the seventh day (August 11), a Malian Greek traitor named Ephialtes led the Persian general Hydarnes by a mountain track to the rear of the Greeks. At that point Leonidas sent away all Greek troops and remained in the pass with his 300 Spartans, 900 helots, 400 Thebans and 700 Thespians. The Thespians stayed entirely of their own will, declaring that they would not abandon Leonidas and his followers. Their leader was Demophilus, son of Diadromes, and as Herodotus writes, \"Hence they lived", "Title: Cleomenes III Content: and his wife Cratesicleia. The exact year of Cleomenes' birth is unknown but historian Peter Green puts it between 265 BC and 260 BC. Around 242 BC, Leonidas was exiled from Sparta and forced to seek refuge in the temple of Athena after opposing the reforms of the Eurypontid King, Agis IV. Cleomenes' brother-in-law, Cleombrotus, who was a supporter of Agis, became king. Meanwhile, having started his reforms Agis went on a campaign near the Isthmus of Corinth, which presented Leonidas with an opportunity to regain his throne. He quickly disposed of Cleombrotus, and when Agis returned to Sparta he" ]

[ "Pleistarchus" ]

[ "Title: Josh Hamilton Content: Josh Hamilton Joshua Holt Hamilton (born May 21, 1981) is an American former professional baseball outfielder. He played for the Cincinnati Reds (2007), Texas Rangers (2008-2012, 2015), and Los Angeles Angels of Anaheim (2013–2014). Hamilton is a five-time MLB All-Star and won the American League Most Valuable Player Award (MVP) in 2010. Josh Hamilton was the first overall pick in the 1999 MLB draft by the Tampa Bay Devil Rays. He was considered a blue chip prospect until injuries and a drug addiction derailed his career, beginning in 2001. Prior to the 2007 season, Hamilton was selected by the Chicago", "Title: Josh Hamilton Content: personally to MLB officials on February 25. Josh Hamilton Joshua Holt Hamilton (born May 21, 1981) is an American former professional baseball outfielder. He played for the Cincinnati Reds (2007), Texas Rangers (2008-2012, 2015), and Los Angeles Angels of Anaheim (2013–2014). Hamilton is a five-time MLB All-Star and won the American League Most Valuable Player Award (MVP) in 2010. Josh Hamilton was the first overall pick in the 1999 MLB draft by the Tampa Bay Devil Rays. He was considered a blue chip prospect until injuries and a drug addiction derailed his career, beginning in 2001. Prior to the 2007", "Title: Josh Hamilton Content: Hamilton enjoyed a breakout season where he hit .301 average in 96 games, with 13 home runs and 61 RBIs. He was also selected to the South Atlantic League All Star game and took home MVP honors after 2–6 with two triples and two runs scored. In addition, Hamilton was named to the 2000 All-Star Futures Game, a game designed to showcase minor league prospects. Hamilton was also voted Minor League Player of the year by \"USA Today\". At the start of his pro career, Hamilton's parents quit their jobs so they could travel with their son. Prior to the", "Title: Josh Hamilton Content: to a 5-year contract, worth $125 million with the Los Angeles Angels of Anaheim. This deal became official on December 15. During his first year with the Angels, Hamilton played 151 games batting .250 with 32 doubles, 21 home runs, and 79 RBI. 2014 was a challenging year for Hamilton, going .263 for only 10 HR and 44 RBIs. Worse, during the ALDS against Kansas City, Hamilton batted .000 (going 0–13). At least twice during Game 1 of the ALDS there was a runner on 2nd and Hamilton either struck out or grounded out. LA Angels fans started booing him", "Title: Josh Hamilton Content: intent to play college baseball for North Carolina State. The Tampa Bay Devil Rays owned the number one pick and on June 2, selected Hamilton with the first overall selection. Hamilton signed with Tampa Bay, receiving a $3.96 million signing bonus, and joined their minor league system. His first stop in the minors was the rookie level Princeton Devil Rays of the Appalachian League where he played 56 games. He later joined the Hudson Valley Renegades, and helped lead them to their first New York–Penn League championship. He spent the season with the Charleston RiverDogs in the South Atlantic League.", "Title: Josh Hamilton Content: After visiting doctors in Philadelphia on June 8, 2009, they found a slight abdominal tear, and he underwent a successful surgical operation to repair it the next day. He was expected to be out 4–6 weeks. Though injured, he was selected by fan voting to play in the 2009 All-Star game, where he was joined by teammates Michael Young and Nelson Cruz. Hamilton finished batting .268 with 10 home runs and 54 RBIs in 2009. A story that brought some controversy was when it was revealed Hamilton had got drunk in an Arizona bar earlier in the year. Hamilton subsequently", "Title: Josh Hamilton Content: former South Carolina and Oakland Athletics catcher Landon Powell. Hamilton attended Athens Drive High School, in Raleigh, North Carolina where he starred as both a pitcher and outfielder. As a high school senior, Hamilton ran the 60-yard dash in 6.7 seconds and was clocked at on the mound. After hitting .529 in 25 games with 13 home runs, 20 stolen bases, 35 runs batted in (RBIs), and 34 runs scored, Hamilton was widely considered one of the top two prospects for the 1999 MLB draft, along with Josh Beckett, a Texas high school product. Hamilton initially signed a letter of", "Title: Josh Hamilton Content: Cubs (picking for the Reds) in the Rule 5 draft. During the off-season he was traded to the Rangers. During the 2008 season, Hamilton was named to the AL All-Star team. He also participated in the Home Run Derby, where he hit a record 28 home runs in the opening round and finished with 35 home runs, which was second-most all-time in derby history. He made the All-Star team the next four seasons as well. In 2012, Hamilton received more votes than any other player on the All-Star Game ballot, besting by approximately 3.5 million votes the vote count set", "Title: Josh Hamilton Content: a leaping catch into the outfield wall. He was sidelined for almost a month and returned to play with only three games left in the regular season. He hit a home run the next day. His talent and popularity have earned him a litany of nicknames including \"The Hammer\"; \"Hambino\", referencing to the great Babe Ruth; \"The Natural\"; and \"Hambone\" his high school nickname tattooed on his arm. Hamilton hit for a league-leading .359 average in 2010, winning his first batting title. This was the fourth-best batting average since the end of the 2004 season. He also finished fourth in", "Title: Josh Hamilton Content: in 2011 by José Bautista. Hamilton won the AL batting title in 2010. On October 22, 2010, Hamilton was selected as MVP of the 2010 ALCS. On November 23, 2010, Hamilton was named the 2010 AL MVP, earning 22 of 28 first-place votes. On May 8, 2012, Hamilton became the 16th player in MLB history to hit four home runs in a game. All 4 home runs were 2-run home runs, and he set an AL record for total bases in a game with 18. Hamilton was born and grew up in Raleigh, North Carolina, playing little league baseball alongside" ]

[ "Texas Rangers", "Los Angeles Angels of Anaheim" ]

[ "Title: History of the Toronto Maple Leafs Content: Cup in 1962, 1963, 1964, and 1967. Winning their last championship in prior to the 1967 NHL expansion, the Maple Leafs' drought between Stanley Cups is the longest active drought in the NHL. In 1971, Ballard secured principal ownership of MLGL. During the 1970s, the Maple Leafs saw some success, only failing to qualify for the playoffs once in the decade. However, the Maple Leafs would fail to post a winning record for 12 years, from 1980–81 to 1992–93. During the 1990s and early 2000s, the team saw a resurgence in competitive play, missing the playoffs only twice from 1993", "Title: 1994–95 Toronto Maple Leafs season Content: for the lowest shooting percentage during the regular season with just 135 goals on 1,520 shots (8.9%) The Maple Leafs have been involved in the following transactions during the 1994–95 season. Although the Maple Leafs were the underdogs against the fourth-place Chicago Blackhawks in the opening round of the 1995 Stanley Cup playoffs, they won the first two games of the series at the United Center and went home to Maple Leaf Gardens for game three with two-games-to-none series lead. However, the Blackhawks played determinedly and won Games 3 and 4 in Toronto to regain home-ice advantage in the series.", "Title: History of the Toronto Maple Leafs Content: to the Flyers in the second round in six games. Following the 2004–05 NHL lockout, the Maple Leafs experienced their longest playoff drought in the club's history. They struggled in the 2005–06 season; despite a late-season surge (9–1–2 in their final 12 games), led by goaltender Jean-Sebastien Aubin, Toronto was out of playoff contention for the first time since 1998. This marked the first time the team had missed the postseason under Quinn, who was later relieved as head coach. Quinn's dismissal was controversial since many of the young players who were key contributors to the Leafs' late-season run had", "Title: 2010–11 Toronto Maple Leafs season Content: Capitals. The Maple Leafs attempted to make the playoffs for the first time since the 2003–04 season. They were officially eliminated from playoff contention on April 5, 2011, when Buffalo Sabres beat Tampa Bay Lightning 4–2, shortly before Toronto lost to the Washington Capitals in a shoot-out. They continue to hold the second longest playoff-drought streak, second only to the Florida Panthers. Neither team have reached the playoffs since the NHL lockout. The Leafs hold the longest active Stanley Cup Finals drought streak not having competed in the finals since the 1966–67 NHL season. They also are tied with the", "Title: History of the Toronto Maple Leafs Content: to 2004. In February 1999, the Maple Leafs moved from Maple Leaf Gardens, to their new home arena, the Air Canada Centre. Following the 2004–05 NHL lockout, the Maple Leafs saw an seven-year playoff drought, failing to qualify for the playoffs from the 2006 to 2013 Stanley Cup playoffs. In August 2012, BCE Inc. and Rogers Communications completed the purchase for a combined 70 percent stake in MLSE. Shortly after the end of the 2013–14 season, Brendan Shanahan was appointed the president and alternate governor of the hockey club. The beginnings of the Maple Leafs NHL franchise arose out of", "Title: 1998–99 Toronto Maple Leafs season Content: in the following transactions during the 1998-99 season. The Maple Leafs and Buffalo Sabres met in the Eastern Conference Finals. The Maple Leafs were coming off a six-game series win over the Pittsburgh Penguins, while the Sabres were coming off a six-game series win themselves, over the Boston Bruins. Toronto was having its best playoff since 1994, when they last made a Conference Final series. Buffalo, meanwhile, was in the third round for the second consecutive year. With the series victory, the Sabres advanced to the Stanley Cup Finals for the first time in 24 years. Toronto's draft picks at", "Title: 1992–93 Toronto Maple Leafs season Content: elimination. During game seven back at Maple Leaf Gardens, the Leafs were trailing 5–3 after Gretzky completed his hat-trick. The Maple Leafs scored one goal but couldn't find the equalizer, which sent the Kings to the finals. Played at Copps Coliseum in Hamilton, Ontario. Played at Copps Coliseum in Hamilton, Ontario. In a revival of the heated Original Six rivalry, Nikolai Borschevsky's Game 7 overtime goal gave Toronto the series. This was also Toronto's first playoff win over Detroit since the Leafs beat the Wings in the full seven games back in the 1964 Stanley Cup finals. \"Toronto wins best-of-seven", "Title: History of the Toronto Maple Leafs Content: horrendous records, in at least two cases with the worst winning percentages on record for a playoff team. In 1985-86, for instance, they finished with the fourth-worst record in the league (and fourth-worst in franchise history, at .356). However, the Norris Division was extremely weak that year; the division champion Black Hawks only notched 86 points. In those days, the four top teams in each division made the playoffs, regardless of record. Despite finishing with two fewer points than the New Jersey Devils, the Leafs made the playoffs. They then swept the Hawks in three games before going down to", "Title: Toronto Maple Leafs Content: their final game at the Gardens before moving to their new home at the then-Air Canada Centre. In the 1999 playoffs, the team advanced to the Conference Finals, but lost in five games to the Buffalo Sabres. In the 1999–2000 season, the Leafs hosted the 50th NHL All-Star Game. By the end of the season, they recorded their first 100-point season and won their first division title in 37 years. In both the 2000 and 2001 playoffs, the Leafs defeated the Ottawa Senators in the first round, and lost to the New Jersey Devils in the second round. In 2002", "Title: History of the Toronto Maple Leafs Content: Campbell Conference) by virtue of the Flames' Pacific Division title. However, a six-game series against the Blackhawks and a seven-game series against the San Jose Sharks took their toll on the team; they were defeated by the Vancouver Canucks—a team that finished 13 points below them in the regular season—in five games. After two years out of the playoffs in the late 1990s, the Leafs made another charge during the 1999 playoffs after moving from Maple Leaf Gardens to the new Air Canada Centre. Mats Sundin, who had joined the team from the Quebec Nordiques in a 1994 trade involving" ]

[ "1967 Stanley Cup Finals" ]

[ "Title: Burundi Content: Burundi Burundi (, ), officially the Republic of Burundi (, ; , or ), is a landlocked country in the African Great Lakes region of East Africa, bordered by Rwanda to the north, Tanzania to the east and south, and the Democratic Republic of the Congo to the west. It is also considered part of Central Africa. Burundi's capital is Bujumbura. The southwestern border is adjacent to Lake Tanganyika. The Twa, Hutu and Tutsi peoples have lived in Burundi for at least 500 years. For more than 200 of those years, Burundi was an independent kingdom, until the beginning of", "Title: Burundi Content: funded by an English charity, the Burundi Education Foundation. The Burundi Education Foundation was hoping to open the school in the summer of 2014. In 2010 a new elementary school was opened in the small village of Rwoga that is funded by the pupils of Westwood High School, Quebec, Canada. Burundi Burundi (, ), officially the Republic of Burundi (, ; , or ), is a landlocked country in the African Great Lakes region of East Africa, bordered by Rwanda to the north, Tanzania to the east and south, and the Democratic Republic of the Congo to the west. It", "Title: Geography of Burundi Content: Geography of Burundi Burundi is located in central Africa, to the east of the Democratic Republic of the Congo, at the co-ordinates . Burundi occupies an area equal to in size, of which is land. The country has of land border: of which is shared with the Democratic Republic of the Congo, with Rwanda and with Tanzania. As a landlocked country, Burundi possesses no coastline. It straddles the crest of the Congo-Nile Divide which separates the basins of the Congo and Nile rivers. The farthest headwaters of the Nile, the Ruvyironza River, has its source in Burundi. Burundi in general", "Title: Burundi Content: nation with a rank of 156. Burundi is one of the few countries in Africa, along with its neighbour Rwanda among others (such as Botswana, Lesotho, and Swaziland), to be a direct territorial continuation of a pre-colonial era African state. The early history of Burundi, and especially the role and nature of the country's three dominant ethnic groups; the Twa, Hutu and Tutsi, is highly debated amongst academics. However, it is important to note that the nature of culture and ethnic groups is always fluid and changing. While the groups might have migrated to the area at different times and", "Title: Human rights in Burundi Content: Human rights in Burundi Burundi is governed as a presidential representative democratic republic, with an estimated population of 10,557,259. The country has experienced a long history of social unrest and ethnic tension between the Hutu majority and Tutsi minority, with successive civil wars jeopardizing national development since Burundi's decolonization as a Belgian territory in 1962. The most recent conflict broke out in 1993 with the assassination of Burundi's first democratically elected President, Melchior Ndadaye, and led to large-scale violations of human rights and general impunity. In line with the Arusha Agreement of August 2000, peace was brokered between rebel groups", "Title: Burundi Content: square kilometre (753 per sq mi) is the second highest in Sub-Saharan Africa. Roughly 85% of the population are of Hutu ethnic origin, 15% are Tutsi, and fewer than 1% are indigenous Twa. The official languages of Burundi are Kirundi, French and English, Kirundi being recognised officially as the sole national language. One of the smallest countries in Africa, Burundi has an equatorial climate. Burundi is a part of the Albertine Rift, the western extension of the East African Rift. The country lies on a rolling plateau in the centre of Africa. The highest peak, Mount Heha at , lies", "Title: Geography of Burundi Content: international agreements that relate to the environment: Biodiversity, Climate Change, Desertification, Endangered Species, Hazardous Wastes and Ozone Layer Protection. The following have been signed but not yet ratified by Burundi: Law of the Sea and Nuclear Test Ban. This is a list of the extreme points of Burundi, the points that are farther north, south, east or west than any other location. Geography of Burundi Burundi is located in central Africa, to the east of the Democratic Republic of the Congo, at the co-ordinates . Burundi occupies an area equal to in size, of which is land. The country has", "Title: Burundi Content: a September 2017 report. The ICC announced on 9 November 2017 that human rights violations from the time Burundi was a member would still be prosecuted. Burundi is divided into 18 provinces, 117 communes, and 2,638 collines (hills). Provincial governments are structured upon these boundaries. In 2000, the province encompassing Bujumbura was separated into two provinces, Bujumbura Rural and Bujumbura Mairie. The newest province, Rumonge, was created on 26 March 2015 from portions of Bujumbura Rural and Bururi. One of the smallest countries in Africa, Burundi is landlocked and has an equatorial climate. Burundi is a part of the Albertine", "Title: Burundi Content: of Burundi's southwestern corner. Burundi's lands are mostly agricultural or pasture. Settlement by rural populations has led to deforestation, soil erosion and habitat loss. Deforestation of the entire country is almost completely due to overpopulation, with a mere remaining and an ongoing loss of about 9% per annum. There are two national parks, Kibira National Park to the northwest (a small region of rainforest, adjacent to Nyungwe Forest National Park in Rwanda), Ruvubu National Park to the northeast (along the Rurubu River, also known as Ruvubu or Ruvuvu). Both were established in 1982 to conserve wildlife populations. Burundi is a", "Title: Human rights in Burundi Content: by Freedom House. A rating of 1 is \"free\"; 7, \"not free\". Burundi's stances on international human rights treaties are as follows: Human rights in Burundi Burundi is governed as a presidential representative democratic republic, with an estimated population of 10,557,259. The country has experienced a long history of social unrest and ethnic tension between the Hutu majority and Tutsi minority, with successive civil wars jeopardizing national development since Burundi's decolonization as a Belgian territory in 1962. The most recent conflict broke out in 1993 with the assassination of Burundi's first democratically elected President, Melchior Ndadaye, and led to large-scale" ]

[ "Africa" ]

[ "Title: 2012 phenomenon Content: Maya Long Count, the previous world ended after 13 b'ak'tuns, or roughly 5,125 years. The Long Count's \"zero date\" was set at a point in the past marking the end of the third world and the beginning of the current one, which corresponds to 11 August 3114 BC in the proleptic Gregorian calendar. This means that the fourth world reached the end of its 13th b'ak'tun, or Maya date 13.0.0.0.0, on 21 December 2012. In 1957, Mayanist and astronomer Maud Worcester Makemson wrote that \"the completion of a Great Period of 13 b'ak'tuns would have been of the utmost significance", "Title: 2011 end times prediction Content: believed the Mayans predicted as the Earth's final destruction). Camping continued to predict that October 21 would mark the end of the world, but modified his prediction with words like \"probably\" and \"maybe\". \"I really am beginning to think as I've restudied these matters that there's going to be no big display of any kind,\" Camping said in a podcast. \"The end is going to come very, very quietly.\" He kept a low profile as the date approached, and his daughter responded to a media request by saying, \"I'm sorry to disappoint you, but we at Family Radio have been", "Title: Maya astronomy Content: the mythical creation date in the Maya calendar is August 11, 3114 BC in the proleptic Gregorian calendar and September 6, -3113 astronomical. Astronomers describe time as a number of days and a fraction of a day since noon January 1, -4712 Greenwich Mean Time. The Julian day starts at noon because they are interested in things that are visible at night. The number of days and fraction of a day elapsed since this time is a Julian day. The whole number of days elapsed since this time is a Julian day number. There are three main Maya calendars: The", "Title: Carl Johan Calleman Content: case already occurred in 1998. Instead he sees the Mayan calendar as describing the creation process of the whole Universe. Within the logic of the Mayan Long Count, he says, an auspicious end would have to be on a day which is 13 Ahau in the tzolkin count. Since 21 December 2012 falls on 4 Ahau this is an unlikely end date. The 28 October 2011 is a 13 Ahau date. Beginning with the Big Bang he believes creation has continued through a series of waves, each one a factor of 20 times shorter in duration than the one preceding", "Title: Terence McKenna Content: last harmonic of the wave has a duration of 67.29 years. Population growth, peak oil, and pollution statistics were some of the factors that pointed him to an early twenty-first century end date and when looking for an extremely novel event in human history as a signal that the final phase had begun McKenna picked the dropping of the atomic bomb on Hiroshima. This worked out to the graph reaching zero in mid-November 2012. When he later discovered that the end of the 13th baktun in the Maya calendar had been correlated by Western Maya scholars as December 21, 2012,", "Title: Dreamspell Content: the end of the Long Count calendar. On the Tablet of the Inscriptions at Palenque a date of 1.0.0.0.0.8 5 Lamat 1 Mol can be inferred – otherwise known as 21 October 4772, almost 3000 years in the future. Perhaps we can deduce from this that Pacal himself believed that the end of the fifth age did not represent the end of time or of the Earth, and that his name would be still mentioned in the sixth age.\" David Douglas, p. 133, \"The Mayan Prophecy 2012\" (2009) According to Argüelles, two of the main purposes of the calendar are:", "Title: Calendar era Content: of elapsed days since a mythological starting-point. According to the calibration between the Long Count and Western calendars accepted by the great majority of Maya researchers (known as the GMT correlation), this starting-point is equivalent to August 11, 3114 BC in the proleptic Gregorian calendar or 6 September in the Julian calendar (−3113 astronomical). A great many local systems or eras were also important, for example the year from the foundation of one particular city, the regnal year of the neighboring Persian emperor, and eventually even the year of the reigning Caliph. Most of the traditional calendar eras in use", "Title: 2012 phenomenon Content: idea of another one after this.\" Commenting on the new calendar found at Xultún, one archaeologist said \"The ancient Maya predicted the world would continue – that 7,000 years from now, things would be exactly like this. We keep looking for endings. The Maya were looking for a guarantee that nothing would change. It's an entirely different mindset.\" Several prominent individuals representing Maya of Guatemala decried the suggestion that the world would end with the 13th b'ak'tun. Ricardo Cajas, president of the \"Colectivo de Organizaciones Indígenas de Guatemala\", said the date did not represent an end of humanity but that", "Title: Mesoamerican Long Count calendar Content: correlation of 584,283 days. Using the GMT correlation, the current creation started on September 6, −3113 (Julian astronomical) – August 11, 3114 BCE in the Proleptic Gregorian calendar. The study of correlating the Maya and western calendar is referred to as the correlation question. The GMT correlation is also called the 11.16 correlation. In \"Breaking the Maya Code\", Michael D. Coe writes: \"In spite of oceans of ink that have been spilled on the subject, there now is not the slightest chance that these three scholars (conflated to GMT when talking about the correlation) were not right...\". The evidence for", "Title: 2012 phenomenon Content: graph purports to show great periods of novelty corresponding with major shifts in humanity's biological and sociocultural evolution. He believed that the events of any given time are resonantly related to the events of other times, and chose the atomic bombing of Hiroshima as the basis for calculating his end date of November 2012. When he later discovered this date's proximity to the end of the 13th b'ak'tun of the Maya calendar, he revised his hypothesis so that the two dates matched. The 1975 first edition of \"The Invisible Landscape\" referred to 2012 (but no specific day during the year)" ]

[ "2012" ]

[ "Title: West Africa Content: territory in the south Atlantic Ocean. In the United Nations scheme of African regions, the region includes 17 states and the island of Saint Helena, an overseas territory: Mali, Burkina Faso, Senegal and Niger are mostly in the Sahel, a transition zone between the Sahara desert and the Sudanian Savanna, Benin, Cote d'Ivoire, Gambia, Ghana, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Liberia, Sierra Leone, Togo, and Nigeria compose Guinea, the traditional name for the area near the Gulf of Guinea, Cape Verde is an island country in the Atlantic Ocean, Mauritania lies in the Maghreb, the northwestern region of Africa that has historically been", "Title: Geography of Niger Content: got elected as the president and was sworn in April 2011. Niger’s problem with rebellious groups continued during 2007 and 2008. Rebellion was controlled. However, its security problems with its neighbors such as Libya, Nigeria and Mali have been a cause for concern Niger, with a land area of 1.267 million km, is a land locked country which is bounded with a land boundary of 5,834 km by seven countries: Algeria (951 km), Benin (277 km), Burkina Faso (622 km), Chad (1,196 km), Libya (342 km), Mali (838 km, and Nigeria (1,608) km. Niger is divided into 7 Regions (French:", "Title: Niger River Content: Niger River The Niger River (; , ) is the principal river of West Africa, extending about . Its drainage basin is in area. Its source is in the Guinea Highlands in southeastern Guinea. It runs in a crescent through Mali, Niger, on the border with Benin and then through Nigeria, discharging through a massive delta, known as the Niger Delta or the Oil Rivers, into the Gulf of Guinea in the Atlantic Ocean. The Niger is the third-longest river in Africa, exceeded only by the Nile and the Congo River (also known as the Zaïre River). Its main tributary", "Title: Niger River Content: the Sahara desert. This made it the focal point of trade across the western Sahara, and the centre of the Sahelian kingdoms of Mali and Gao. The surrounding Niger River Basin is one of the distinct physiographic sections of the Sudan province, which in turn is part of the larger African massive physiographic division. The origin of the river's name remains unclear. What is clear is that \"Niger\" was an appellation applied in the Mediterranean world from at least the Classical era, when knowledge of the area by Europeans was slightly better than fable. A careful study of Classical writings", "Title: Niger Content: Niger Niger or the Niger ( or ; ), officially the Republic of the Niger, is a landlocked country in West Africa named after the Niger River. Niger is bordered by Libya to the northeast, Chad to the east, Nigeria to the south, Benin to the southwest, Burkina Faso and Mali to the west, and Algeria to the northwest. Niger covers a land area of almost , making it the largest country in West Africa. Over 80% of its land area lies in the Sahara Desert. The country's predominantly Islamic population of about /1e6 round 0 million live mostly in", "Title: Geography of Niger Content: longest border is with Nigeria to the south, at 1,608 km. This is followed by Chad to the east (1,196 km), Algeria to the north-northwest (951 km), and Mali to the west (838 km). Niger also has short borders in its far southwest frontier (Burkina Faso at 622 km and Benin at 277 km) and to the north-northeast (Libya at 342 km). Geography of Niger Niger is a landlocked nation in West Africa located along the border between the Sahara and Sub-Saharan regions. Its geographic coordinates are longitude 16°N and latitude 8°E. Its area is 1.267 million square kilometers, of", "Title: Wildlife of Niger Content: with sand dunes, deserts, uplands and so forth, spread over three broad regions of: The northern desert zone; the middle zone comprising the semi-arid zone; and the southwest zone which has fertile terrain. It shares its international borders with seven countries, Nigeria, Chad, Algeria, Mali, Burkina Faso, Benin and Libya, which is a feature which makes the wildlife of the countries cross the borders freely, thus necessitating creation of national parks and reserves managed under joint cooperation programme with some of the countries. Niger's topography is comparatively flat, and in the elevation range of and . Tertiary sediments in horizontal", "Title: Niger River Content: not compensate for the 'losses'. The average 'loss' is estimated at 31 km/year, but varies considerably between years. The river is then joined by various tributaries, but also loses more water to evaporation. The quantity of water entering Nigeria measured in Yola was estimated at 25 km/year before the 1980s and at 13.5 km/year during the 1980s. The most important tributary of the Niger in Nigeria is the Benue River which merges with the river at Lokoja in Nigeria. The total volume of tributaries in Nigeria is six times higher than the inflow into Nigeria, with a flow near the", "Title: Niger Content: it slightly less than twice the size of France, and the world's twenty-second largest country. Niger borders seven countries and has a total perimeter of . The longest border is with Nigeria to the south (). This is followed by Chad to the east, at , Algeria to the north-northwest (), and Mali at . Niger also has small borders in its far southwest with Burkina Faso at and Benin at and to the north-northeast Libya at . The lowest point is the Niger River, with an elevation of . The highest point is Mont Idoukal-n-Taghès in the Aïr Mountains", "Title: Niger Content: police to punish criticism of the state. Trade Niger Niger or the Niger ( or ; ), officially the Republic of the Niger, is a landlocked country in West Africa named after the Niger River. Niger is bordered by Libya to the northeast, Chad to the east, Nigeria to the south, Benin to the southwest, Burkina Faso and Mali to the west, and Algeria to the northwest. Niger covers a land area of almost , making it the largest country in West Africa. Over 80% of its land area lies in the Sahara Desert. The country's predominantly Islamic population of" ]

[ "Niger", "Mali", "Benin", "Nigeria", "Guinea" ]

[ "Title: Werner Heisenberg Content: reports were confiscated under the Allied Operation Alsos and sent to the United States Atomic Energy Commission for evaluation. In 1971, the reports were declassified and returned to Germany. The reports are available at the Karlsruhe Nuclear Research Center and the American Institute of Physics. Werner Heisenberg Werner Karl Heisenberg (; ; 5 December 1901 – 1 February 1976) was a German theoretical physicist and one of the key pioneers of quantum mechanics. He published his work in 1925 in a breakthrough paper. In the subsequent series of papers with Max Born and Pascual Jordan, during the same year, this", "Title: Werner Heisenberg Content: Werner Heisenberg Werner Karl Heisenberg (; ; 5 December 1901 – 1 February 1976) was a German theoretical physicist and one of the key pioneers of quantum mechanics. He published his work in 1925 in a breakthrough paper. In the subsequent series of papers with Max Born and Pascual Jordan, during the same year, this matrix formulation of quantum mechanics was substantially elaborated. He is known for the Heisenberg uncertainty principle, which he published in 1927. Heisenberg was awarded the 1932 Nobel Prize in Physics \"for the creation of quantum mechanics\". He also made important contributions to the theories of", "Title: Werner Heisenberg Content: be named positrons. In 1932, from a cloud chamber photograph of cosmic rays, the American physicist Carl David Anderson identified a track as having been made by a positron. In mid-1933, Heisenberg presented his theory of the positron. His thinking on Dirac's theory and further development of the theory were set forth in two papers. The first, \"Bemerkungen zur Diracschen Theorie des Positrons\" (\"Remarks on Dirac's theory of the positron\") was published in 1934, and the second, \"Folgerungen aus der Diracschen Theorie des Positrons\" (\"Consequences of Dirac's Theory of the Positron\"), was published in 1936. In these papers Heisenberg was", "Title: Philosophy of physics Content: 1927, working in Niels Bohr's institute, Werner Heisenberg formulated the principle of uncertainty thereby laying the foundation of what became known as the Copenhagen interpretation of quantum mechanics. Heisenberg had been studying the papers of Paul Dirac and Pascual Jordan. He discovered a problem with measurement of basic variables in the equations. His analysis showed that uncertainties, or imprecisions, always turned up if one tried to measure the position and the momentum of a particle at the same time. Heisenberg concluded that these uncertainties or imprecisions in the measurements were not the fault of the experimenter, but fundamental in nature", "Title: History of chemistry Content: the planetary orbits of Newton is, in quantum mechanics, replaced by the more abstract notion of probability. (This aspect of the quantum theory made Schrödinger and several other physicists profoundly unhappy, and he devoted much of his later life to formulating philosophical objections to the generally accepted interpretation of the theory that he had done so much to create.) German theoretical physicist Werner Heisenberg was one of the key creators of quantum mechanics. In 1925, Heisenberg discovered a way to formulate quantum mechanics in terms of matrices. For that discovery, he was awarded the Nobel Prize for Physics for 1932.", "Title: Werner Heisenberg Content: the hydrodynamics of turbulent flows, the atomic nucleus, ferromagnetism, cosmic rays, and subatomic particles, and he was instrumental in planning the first West German nuclear reactor at Karlsruhe, together with a research reactor in Munich, in 1957. He was a principal scientist in the Nazi German nuclear weapon project during World War II. He travelled to occupied Copenhagen where he met and discussed the German project with Niels Bohr. Following World War II, he was appointed director of the Kaiser Wilhelm Institute for Physics, which soon thereafter was renamed the Max Planck Institute for Physics. He was director of the", "Title: Heligoland Content: 1918, but during the Nazi era the naval base was reactivated. \"Lager Helgoland\", the German labour camp on Alderney, was named after the island. Werner Heisenberg (1901–1975) first formulated the equation underlying his picture of quantum mechanics while on Heligoland in the 1920s. While a student of Arnold Sommerfeld at Munich in the early 1920s, Heisenberg first met the Danish physicist Niels Bohr. He and Bohr went for long hikes in the mountains and discussed the failure of existing theories to account for the new experimental results on the quantum structure of matter. Following these discussions, Heisenberg plunged into several", "Title: Werner Heisenberg Content: the lattice theory of crystals in 1921. While matrices were used in these cases, the algebra of matrices with their multiplication did not enter the picture as they did in the matrix formulation of quantum mechanics. In 1928, Albert Einstein nominated Heisenberg, Born, and Jordan for the Nobel Prize in Physics, The announcement of the Nobel Prize in Physics for 1932 was delayed until November 1933. It was at that time that it was announced Heisenberg had won the Prize for 1932 \"for the creation of quantum mechanics, the application of which has, , led to the discovery of the", "Title: Matrix mechanics Content: on these methods, Pauli derived the hydrogen atom spectrum in 1926, before the development of wave mechanics. In 1925, Werner Heisenberg, Max Born, and Pascual Jordan formulated the matrix mechanics representation of quantum mechanics. In 1925 Werner Heisenberg was working in Göttingen on the problem of calculating the spectral lines of hydrogen. By May 1925 he began trying to describe atomic systems by observables only. On June 7, to escape the effects of a bad attack of hay fever, Heisenberg left for the pollen free North Sea island of Helgoland. While there, in between climbing and learning by heart poems", "Title: Physics and Beyond Content: Physics and Beyond Physics and Beyond () is a book by Werner Heisenberg, the German physicist who discovered the uncertainty principle. It tells, from his point of view, the history of exploring atomic science and quantum mechanics in the first half of the 20th century. As the subtitle \"Encounters and Conversations\" suggests, the core part of this book takes the form of discussions between himself and other scientists. Heisenberg says: \"I wanted to show that science is done by people, and the most wonderful ideas come from dialog\". With chapters like \"The first encounter with the science about atoms\", \"Quantum" ]

[ "Matrix mechanics" ]

[ "Title: Paul Ryan Content: Paul Ryan Paul Davis Ryan Jr. (born January 29, 1970) is an American politician serving since 2015 as the 54th Speaker of the United States House of Representatives. He was the 2012 vice presidential nominee of the Republican Party, running alongside Mitt Romney. Ryan, a native of Janesville, Wisconsin, graduated from Miami University in 1992. He spent five years working for Republicans in Washington, D.C. and returned to Wisconsin in 1997 to work at his family's construction company. He successfully ran for Congress to represent the following year, replacing an incumbent Republican who ran for Senate. Ryan would represent the", "Title: Paul Ryan Content: other major piece of legislation, the American Health Care Act of 2017, passed the House but failed in the Senate by a single vote. Ryan did not seek re-election to the House in the 2018 elections. Paul Davis Ryan Jr. was born in Janesville, Wisconsin, the youngest of four children of Elizabeth \"Betty\" Ann (née Hutter), who later became an interior designer, and Paul Davis Ryan, a lawyer. He is a fifth-generation Wisconsinite. His father was of Irish ancestry and his mother of German and English descent. One of Ryan's paternal ancestors settled in Wisconsin prior to the Civil War.", "Title: Electoral history of Paul Ryan Content: Electoral history of Paul Ryan This is a summary of the electoral history of Paul Ryan, United States Representative from Wisconsin (since 1999), 2012 Republican nominee for Vice President of the United States, and Speaker of the House of Representatives (since 2015). Throughout his career, Ryan has never lost an election other than his defeat in the 2012 United States Presidential Election; of all the times he has won, he has never received less than 54% of the vote. Wisconsin's 1st congressional district, 1998 (Republican primary): Wisconsin's 1st congressional district, 1998 Wisconsin's 1st congressional district, 2000 Wisconsin's 1st congressional district,", "Title: Tim Ryan (politician) Content: Pelosi as party leader of the House Democrats. Ryan was born in Niles, Ohio, the son of Rochelle Maria (Rizzi) and Allen Leroy Ryan. He is of Irish and Italian ancestry. Ryan's parents divorced when he was seven years old, and Ryan was raised by his mother. Ryan graduated from John F. Kennedy High School in Warren, where he played football as a quarterback and coached junior high basketball. Ryan was recruited to play football at Youngstown State University, but a knee injury ended his playing career and he transferred to Bowling Green State University. He received a Bachelor of", "Title: Electoral history of Paul Ryan Content: 2002 Wisconsin's 1st congressional district, 2004 Wisconsin's 1st congressional district, 2006 Wisconsin's 1st congressional district, 2008 Wisconsin's 1st congressional district, 2010 Wisconsin's 1st congressional district, 2012 Wisconsin's 1st congressional district, 2014 \"'Wisconsin's 1st congressional district, 2016 General Election Electoral history of Paul Ryan This is a summary of the electoral history of Paul Ryan, United States Representative from Wisconsin (since 1999), 2012 Republican nominee for Vice President of the United States, and Speaker of the House of Representatives (since 2015). Throughout his career, Ryan has never lost an election other than his defeat in the 2012 United States Presidential Election;", "Title: George Ryan Content: in recent years that Ryan was one of the primary politicians responsible for creating the current pension crisis in Illinois, which is the state with the most underfunded pension system in the United States. Ryan was born in Maquoketa, Iowa, the son of Jeannette (Bowman) and Thomas Ryan, a pharmacist. Ryan grew up in Kankakee County, Illinois. After serving in the U.S. Army in Korea, he worked for his father's two drugstores. He attended Ferris State College of Pharmacy (now Ferris State University) in Big Rapids, Michigan. Eventually, he built his father's pair of pharmacies into a successful family-run chain", "Title: Political positions of Paul Ryan Content: Political positions of Paul Ryan The political positions of Paul Ryan, the U.S. Representative from Wisconsin's 1st congressional district since 1999 and currently the 54th Speaker of the United States House of Representatives, are generally conservative, with a focus on fiscal policy. Ryan was Chairman of the House Budget Committee from 2011 to 2015 and of Ways and Means in 2015. Ryan was the Republican nominee for Vice President as the running mate of Mitt Romney in the 2012 presidential election. Ryan supports eliminating the capital gains tax, the corporate income tax, the estate tax, and the Alternative Minimum Tax.", "Title: Nolan Ryan Content: his high school sweetheart, the former Ruth Holdorff, on June 25, 1967. They have three children, Reid, Reese, and Wendy. Reid and Reese were both pitchers for the TCU Horned Frogs. Reid also pitched briefly in the minor leagues. On May 17, 2013, Reid was announced as president of the Houston Astros. Nolan Ryan resides in the Cimarron Hills community in Georgetown, a suburb of Austin. Though he supported Jimmy Carter over Gerald R. Ford Jr. in 1976, Ryan has since been an ardent Republican. In 1996 Ryan campaigned on behalf of Ron Paul in the election for Texas's 14th", "Title: Paul Ryan Content: family. As she had Alzheimer's, Ryan helped care for her while his mother commuted to college in Madison, Wisconsin. From the time of his father's death until his 18th birthday, Ryan received Social Security survivors benefits, which were saved for his college education. His mother later married widower Bruce Douglas (1933–2002). Ryan has a bachelor's degree in economics and political science from Miami University in Oxford, Ohio, where he became interested in the writings of Friedrich Hayek, Ludwig von Mises, and Milton Friedman. He often visited the office of libertarian professor Richard Hart to discuss the theories of these economists", "Title: Paul Ryan Content: His great-grandfather, Patrick William Ryan (1858–1917), founded an earthmoving company in 1884, which later became P. W. Ryan and Sons and is now known as Ryan Incorporated Central. Ryan's grandfather, Stanley M. Ryan (1898–1957), was appointed United States Attorney for the Western District of Wisconsin. In 2018, while filming a segment for the PBS series \"Finding Your Roots\", Ryan learned that he is 3 percent Ashkenazi Jewish. Ryan attended St. Mary's Catholic School in Janesville, where he played on the seventh-grade basketball team, then attended Joseph A. Craig High School, where he was elected president of his junior class, and" ]

[ "Janesville" ]

[ "Title: Acadiana Content: the Second Acadian Coast. Collectively they were known as \"les côtes des Acadiens\", the Acadian Coasts. The largest metropolitan areas in Acadiana are Lafayette, Lake Charles, and Houma-Thibodaux. Other large cities and towns within Acadiana are Abbeville, Berwick, Breaux Bridge, Broussard, Carencro, Crowley, Donaldsonville, Erath, Eunice, Franklin, Gonzales, Jeanerette, Jennings, Kaplan, Marksville, Maurice, New Roads, Morgan City, New Iberia, Opelousas, Patterson, Plaquemine, Port Allen, Rayne, Scott, St. Gabriel, St. Martinville, Sulphur, Ville Platte, and Youngsville. The traditional industries of the area, agriculture, petroleum, and tourism, initially drove the need for transportation development. In recent years, hurricane evacuation plans for the", "Title: North American collegiate sustainability programs Content: North American collegiate sustainability programs North American collegiate sustainability programs are institutions of higher education in the United States, Mexico, and Canada that have majors and/or minors dedicated to the subject of sustainability. Sustainability as a major and minor is spreading to more and more colleges as the need for humanity to adopt a more sustainable lifestyle becomes increasingly apparent with the onset of global warming. The majors and minors listed here cover a wide array of sustainability aspects from business to construction to agriculture to simply the study of sustainability itself. Acadia University is located in Wolfville, Nova Scotia,", "Title: Acadia University Content: Acadia University Acadia University is a predominantly undergraduate university located in Wolfville, Nova Scotia, Canada with some graduate programs at the master's level and one at the doctoral level. The enabling legislation consists of Acadia University Act and the Amended Acadia University Act 2000. The Wolfville Campus houses Acadia University Archives and the Acadia University Art Gallery. Acadia offers over 200 degree combinations in the Faculties of Arts, Pure and Applied Science, Professional Studies, and Theology. The student-faculty ratio is 15:1 and the average class size is 28. Open Acadia offers correspondence and distance education courses. Acadia began as an", "Title: Acadia University Content: a convenience store, an information desk and two food outlets. The university press, The Athenaeum, is a member of CUP. All students are represented by the Acadia Students' Union. The Union Executive for the 2018-2019 academic year: President - George Philp, Vice President Student Life - Kyle Vandertoorn, Vice President Academic & External - Makenzie Branch, Vice President Finance - Jared Craig, Vice President Events & Promotions - Gabrielle Bailey. The student newspaper is \"The Athenaeum.\" Approximately 1500 students live on-campus in 12 residences: Acadia University Acadia University is a predominantly undergraduate university located in Wolfville, Nova Scotia, Canada with", "Title: Acadia University Content: known as the Ladies' Seminary, is a Second Empire style-building constructed in 1878 as a home for women attending the university. It was designated a National Historic Site of Canada in 1997 as Canada's oldest facility associated with the higher education of women. Carnegie Hall, built in 1909, is a large, two-storey, Neo-classical brick building. It was designated under the provincial Heritage Property Act in 1989 as its construction in 1909 signified Acadia's evolution from classical college to liberal university. The War Memorial House (more generally known as Barrax), which is a residence, and War Memorial Gymnasium are landmark buildings", "Title: Acadia, Calgary Content: Acadia, Calgary Acadia is a neighbourhood in the southeast quadrant of Calgary, Alberta. The area is bounded on the west by Macleod Trail, on the east by the Bow River, on the north by Heritage Drive and on the south by Southland Drive. The land was annexed to the City of Calgary in 1956, and Acadia was established in 1960. The neighbourhood's main street is Fairmount Drive, and many of the area's businesses cluster along the street. The area also contains Lord Beaverbrook High School, the city's largest high school. In the City of Calgary's 2012 municipal census, Acadia had", "Title: Acadia Divinity College Content: Acadia Divinity College The Acadia Divinity College (ADC) is the official seminary of the Canadian Baptists of Atlantic Canada (CBAC), functioning within its evangelical tradition, and governed by a Board of Trustees with members appointed by the Convention and the Board of Governors of Acadia University. The College is also the Faculty of Theology of Acadia University. The University awards all of the Acadia Divinity College degrees, upon recommendation from the ADC Senate and the Senate of Acadia University. The graduate degrees are fully accredited by the Association of Theological Schools in the United States and Canada. ADC is also", "Title: Acadia Parish, Louisiana Content: Acadia Parish, Louisiana Acadia Parish () is a parish located in the U.S. state of Louisiana. As of the 2010 census, the population was 61,773. The parish seat is Crowley. The parish was founded from parts of St. Landry Parish in 1886, and later an election was held to determine the parish seat, ending when Crowley beat Rayne and Prairie Hayes. Acadia Parish is included in the Lafayette, LA Metropolitan Statistical Area. The name of the parish is derived from the former French colony of Acadia in Canada (which consisted of the modern provinces of Nova Scotia, Prince Edward Island,", "Title: Nova Scotia Content: responsible primarily for English instruction and French immersion, and also province-wide by the Conseil Scolaire Acadien Provincial, which administers French instruction to students for whom the primary language is French. The Nova Scotia Community College system has 13 campuses around the province. The community college, with its focus on training and education, was established in 1988 by amalgamating the province's former vocational schools. In addition to its community college system the province has 10 universities, including Dalhousie University, University of King's College, Saint Mary's University, Mount Saint Vincent University, NSCAD University, Acadia University, Université Sainte-Anne, Saint Francis Xavier University, Cape", "Title: Acadia, Calgary Content: and Route 39 in the east. The Heritage CTrain Station serves Acadia. Route 10 serves north and south via Fairmont Dr. Acadia, Calgary Acadia is a neighbourhood in the southeast quadrant of Calgary, Alberta. The area is bounded on the west by Macleod Trail, on the east by the Bow River, on the north by Heritage Drive and on the south by Southland Drive. The land was annexed to the City of Calgary in 1956, and Acadia was established in 1960. The neighbourhood's main street is Fairmount Drive, and many of the area's businesses cluster along the street. The area" ]

[ "Canada", "Nova Scotia", "Wolfville" ]

[ "Title: F. Scott Fitzgerald Content: F. Scott Fitzgerald Francis Scott Key Fitzgerald (September 24, 1896 – December 21, 1940) was an American fiction writer, whose works helped to illustrate the flamboyance and excess of the Jazz Age. While he achieved popular success, fame, and fortune in his lifetime, he did not receive much critical acclaim until after his death. Perhaps the most notable member of the \"Lost Generation\" of the 1920s, Fitzgerald is now widely regarded as one of the greatest American writers of the 20th century. He finished four novels: \"This Side of Paradise\", \"The Beautiful and Damned\", \"The Great Gatsby\", and \"Tender Is", "Title: F. Scott Fitzgerald bibliography Content: that treat themes of youth and promise along with age and despair. Cambridge University Press is publishing the complete works of F. Scott Fitzgerald in annotated editions. Film Television F. Scott Fitzgerald bibliography Francis Scott Key Fitzgerald (September 24, 1896 – December 21, 1940) was an American author of novels and short stories, whose works are the paradigmatic writings of the Jazz Age. He is widely regarded as one of the greatest American writers of the 20th century. Fitzgerald is considered a member of the \"Lost Generation\" of the 1920s. He finished four novels: \"This Side of Paradise\", \"The Beautiful", "Title: F. Scott Fitzgerald bibliography Content: F. Scott Fitzgerald bibliography Francis Scott Key Fitzgerald (September 24, 1896 – December 21, 1940) was an American author of novels and short stories, whose works are the paradigmatic writings of the Jazz Age. He is widely regarded as one of the greatest American writers of the 20th century. Fitzgerald is considered a member of the \"Lost Generation\" of the 1920s. He finished four novels: \"This Side of Paradise\", \"The Beautiful and Damned\", \"The Great Gatsby\" (his most famous), and \"Tender Is the Night\". A fifth, unfinished novel, \"The Last Tycoon\", was published posthumously. Fitzgerald also wrote many short stories", "Title: F. Scott Fitzgerald Content: Hollywood scriptwriter and his relationship with gossip columnist Sheilah Graham. Amazon Prime's 2015 television series \"\" recounts Fitzgerald's relationship with Zelda, as well as his writing career. It stars David Hoflin as Fitzgerald and Christina Ricci as Zelda. F. Scott Fitzgerald Francis Scott Key Fitzgerald (September 24, 1896 – December 21, 1940) was an American fiction writer, whose works helped to illustrate the flamboyance and excess of the Jazz Age. While he achieved popular success, fame, and fortune in his lifetime, he did not receive much critical acclaim until after his death. Perhaps the most notable member of the \"Lost", "Title: F. Scott Fitzgerald Content: early interest in literature. His doting mother ensured that her son had all the advantages of an upper-middle-class upbringing. Her inheritance and donations from an aunt allowed the family to live a comfortable lifestyle. In a rather unconventional style of parenting, Fitzgerald attended Holy Angels with the peculiar arrangement that he go for only half a day—and was allowed to choose which half. In 1908, his father was fired from Procter & Gamble, and the family returned to Minnesota, where Fitzgerald attended St. Paul Academy in St. Paul from 1908 to 1911. When he was 13, he saw his first", "Title: F. Scott Fitzgerald Content: piece of writing appear in print—a detective story published in the school newspaper. In 1911, when Fitzgerald was 15 years old, his parents sent him to the Newman School, a prestigious Catholic prep school in Hackensack, New Jersey. Fitzgerald played on the 1912 Newman football team. At Newman, he met Father Sigourney Fay, who noticed his incipient talent with the written word and encouraged him to pursue his literary ambitions. After graduating from the Newman School in 1913, Fitzgerald decided to stay in New Jersey to continue his artistic development at Princeton University. He tried out for the college football", "Title: F. Scott Fitzgerald Content: his childhood primarily in Buffalo, New York, occasionally in West Virginia (1898–1901 and 1903–1908) where his father worked for Procter & Gamble, with a short interlude in Syracuse, New York, (between January 1901 and September 1903). Edward Fitzgerald had earlier worked as a wicker furniture salesman; he joined Procter & Gamble when the business failed. His parents, both Catholic, sent Fitzgerald to two Catholic schools on the West Side of Buffalo, first Holy Angels Convent (1903–1904, now disused) and then Nardin Academy (1905–1908). His formative years in Buffalo revealed him to be a boy of unusual intelligence with a keen", "Title: Zelda Fitzgerald Content: Zelda Fitzgerald Zelda Fitzgerald (; July 24, 1900 – March 10, 1948) was an American socialite, novelist, painter and wife of author F. Scott Fitzgerald. Born in Montgomery, Alabama, she was noted for her beauty and high spirits, and was dubbed by her husband as \"the first American Flapper\". She and Scott became emblems of the Jazz Age, for which they are still celebrated. The immediate success of Scott's first novel \"This Side of Paradise\" (1920) brought them into contact with high society, but their marriage was plagued by wild drinking, infidelity and bitter recriminations. Ernest Hemingway, whom Zelda disliked,", "Title: John D. Fitzgerald Content: John D. Fitzgerald John Dennis Fitzgerald (February 3, 1906 – May 21, 1988) was an American author, most notable for The Great Brain series of children's books. Fitzgerald was born in Price, Utah, the son of an Irish Catholic father and a Scandinavian Mormon mother. He had two older brothers, Thomas (1902-1988; the basis for the character known as the Great Brain) and William; two younger brothers, Charles and Gerald; and an older sister, Isabelle (known as \"Belle\"). He left Utah in 1925, at the age of 18, and held a variety of jobs, including playing in a jazz band,", "Title: F. Scott Fitzgerald Content: the Night\". A fifth, unfinished novel, \"The Last Tycoon\", was published posthumously. Four collections of his short stories were published, as well as 164 short stories in magazines during his lifetime. Born in 1896 in Saint Paul, Minnesota, to an upper-middle-class family, Fitzgerald was named after his famous second cousin, three times removed on his father's side, Francis Scott Key, but was always known as Scott Fitzgerald. He was also named after his deceased sister, Louise Scott Fitzgerald, one of two sisters who died shortly before his birth. \"Well, three months before I was born,\" he wrote as an adult," ]

[ "Novelist", "Poet", "Writer" ]

[ "Title: TomTom Content: to be transparent to the user with the only sign that the route has been changed due to a traffic jam being a sound indication from the device and a changed ETA. The system was first launched in the Netherlands in 2007, and expanded to the United Kingdom, France, Germany and Switzerland in 2008. In mid-2011 TomTom live services, including TomTom Traffic are available in the United States, South Africa, New Zealand and the following 17 European countries: Austria, Belgium, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and the United Kingdom. As of", "Title: European Geography Association Content: Poland, Ukraine, Moldova, Romania, Bulgaria, Hungary, Slovakia, the Czech Republic, and Russia (except Saint Petersburg). \"* = candidating entity By members and entities the Western Region is the largest administrative region of EGEA. It comprises the British Isles, the Netherlands, Belgium, Luxembourg, Germany, Switzerland, Austria and parts of France. The country in this region that currently doesn't have an active entity is Luxembourg. \"* = candidating entity This region contains all entities of countries that are located around the Mediterranean Sea. There are entities in Spain, France, Italy, Malta, Slovenia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Croatia, Serbia, Macedonia, Greece, Israel and Turkey.", "Title: Central and Eastern Europe Content: joined on 1 July 2013 (Croatia). According to the World Bank 2008 analysis, the transition to advanced market economies is over for all 10 countries that joined the EU in 2004 and 2007. The CEE countries include the former socialist states, which extend west of Russia, Belarus, Ukraine, Moldova; south of Finland and the Baltic Sea; north of Greece; and east of Austria, Italy, and Germany: According to the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development, \"Central and Eastern European Countries (CEECs) is an OECD term for the group of countries comprising Albania, Bulgaria, Croatia, the Czech Republic, Hungary, Poland, Romania,", "Title: Northwestern Europe Content: Northwestern Europe North western Europe, or North west Europe, is a loosely defined region of Europe, overlapping northern and western Europe. The region can be defined both geographically and ethnographically. Geographically, North western Europe usually consists of Ireland, the United Kingdom, Belgium, the Netherlands, Northern Germany, Luxembourg, Northern France, Denmark, Norway, Sweden and Iceland. Finland, Southern Germany, and Switzerland are also often considered part of the grouping. Austria is also sometimes defined as Northwestern Europe, though less frequently. Southern France is not regarded as northwestern, and it is usually geographically and culturally considered part of the Mediterranean region or Southern", "Title: Western Europe Content: and Luxembourg have the highest average wage in the world, in nominal and PPP respectively. Denmark ranks highest in the world on the Social Progress Index. Western Europe Western Europe is the region comprising the western part of Europe. Below, some different geographic, geopolitical and cultural definitions of the term are outlined. Significant historical events that have shaped the concept of Western Europe include the rise of Rome, the adoption of Greek culture during the Roman Republic, the adoption of Christianity by Roman Emperors, the division of the Latin West and Greek East, the Fall of the Western Roman Empire,", "Title: European Committee for Electrotechnical Standardization Content: is a non-profit organization under Belgian law, based in Brussels. The members are the national electrotechnical standardization bodies of most European countries. The current members of CENELEC are: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, the Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Macedonia, Malta, the Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Spain, Slovakia, Slovenia, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and the United Kingdom. Albania, Belarus, Bosnia/Herzegovina, Egypt, Georgia, Israel, Jordan, Libya, Moldova, Montenegro, Morocco, Serbia, Tunisia and Ukraine are currently \"affiliate members\" with a view to becoming full members. CENELEC has cooperation agreements with: Canada, China,", "Title: Group on Earth Observations Content: GEO’s members as of January 2016 include 101 countries and the European Commission: Algeria / Argentina / Armenia / Australia / Austria / Bahamas, The / Bahrain / Bangladesh / Belgium / Belize / Brazil / Bulgaria / Burkina Faso / Cameroon / Canada / Central African Republic / Chile / China / Colombia / Congo, Republic of the / Costa Rica / Côte d'Ivoire / Croatia / Cyprus / Czech Republic / Denmark / Ecuador / Egypt / Estonia / Ethiopia / European Commission / Finland / France / Gabon / Georgia / Germany / Ghana / Greece /", "Title: Western Europe Content: since the 11th century, divided Christianity in Europe, and consequently the world, into Western Christianity and Eastern Christianity. With certain simplifications, Western Europe is thus Catholic or Protestant and uses the Latin alphabet. Eastern Europe is Orthodox and uses the Greek alphabet or Cyrillic script. According to this definition, Western Europe is formed by countries with dominant Roman Catholic and Protestant churches, including countries which are considered part of Central Europe now: Austria, Belgium, Croatia, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Liechtenstein, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland", "Title: Moor frog Content: Austria, Belarus, Belgium, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Hungary, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Moldova, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Romania, Russian Federation, Slovakia, Slovenia, Sweden, Switzerland, and Ukraine. However, they are believed to be extirpated in Switzerland and maybe Siberia, as well. The records of frogs being in Siberia at all possibly were in error. Alsace, France, constitutes the western boundary of their territory. The types of land they can inhabit are greatly varied. They live in tundra, forest tundra, forest, forest steppe, and steppe, forest edges and glades, semideserts, swamps, meadows, fields, bush lands, and gardens. They prefer areas untouched", "Title: IGN FI Content: several different countries (Panama, Uganda, Qatar, Gabon, Saint-Dominguez, Brazil, Luxembourg, The United Kingdom, Egypt, Libya, Tunisia, Algeria, Morocco, Senegal, Burkina Faso, Namibia, Yemen, Saudi Arabia, The United Arab Emirates, Sri Lanka, Russia, Uzbekistan, Thailand, Vietnam, Indonesia or even China). IGN FI is present in more than 120 countries. Historically very involved in Africa, the company recently completed several new projects, such as: The company is also very active in the Middle East and Asia: IGN FI also has a strong presence in Europe: IGN FI is active in the field of geomatics and offers its services in several fields: data" ]

[ "Andorra", "Jersey", "Estonia", "Liechtenstein", "Gibraltar", "Isle of Man", "Belarus", "Guernsey", "Croatia", "Albania" ]

[ "Title: Languages of Iran Content: Languages of Iran The current Language Policy of Iran is addressed on chapter two of the Constitution of the Islamic Republic of Iran (Articles 15 & 16). It asserts that the Persian language is the Lingua Franca of the Iranian nation and as such, bound to be used through all official government communications and schooling system. In addition, the constitution also recognizes the Arabic language as the language of Islam, giving it a formal status as the language of religion, and regulates its spreading within the Iranian national curriculum. Due to the nation's unique social and ethnic diversity, the constitution", "Title: Persian language Content: Persian language Persian (), also known by its endonym Farsi ( \"\" ), is one of the Western Iranian languages within the Indo-Iranian branch of the Indo-European language family. It is primarily spoken in Iran, Afghanistan (officially known as \"Dari\" since 1958), and Tajikistan (officially known as \"Tajiki\" since the Soviet era), Uzbekistan and some other regions which historically were Persianate societies and considered part of Greater Iran. It is written right to left in the Persian alphabet, a modified variant of the Arabic script, which itself evolved from the Aramaic alphabet. The Persian language is classified as a continuation", "Title: Languages of Iran Content: who know it fluently. According to the Kurdish-Belgian-American scholar Mehrdad Izady, whose work can be found at Columbia University School of International and Public Affairs, Gulf 2000 Project website, the Iranian census of 2001 mentions that 68% of the population speaks Persian as a first language, while he himself gives the following figures for 2014: Languages of Iran The current Language Policy of Iran is addressed on chapter two of the Constitution of the Islamic Republic of Iran (Articles 15 & 16). It asserts that the Persian language is the Lingua Franca of the Iranian nation and as such, bound", "Title: National language Content: languages, making it the second most linguistically diverse country after Papua New Guinea. These 700+ languages, however, are without official status, and some are in danger of extinction. The largest local language is Javanese. Persian (or Farsi) is recognised as the national language of Iran. Irish is recognised by the Constitution of Ireland as the national language and first official language of Ireland, and the English language is recognised as a second official language. Hebrew became the only official and national language of Israel with the adoption of the Nation-State Bill in 2018. Arabic, formerly also an official language, became", "Title: Persian language Content: Latin alphabet that had been used since the October Revolution and the Persian script that had been used earlier. After 1939, materials published in Persian in the Persian script were banned from the country. The following text is from Article 1 of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights. Persian language Persian (), also known by its endonym Farsi ( \"\" ), is one of the Western Iranian languages within the Indo-Iranian branch of the Indo-European language family. It is primarily spoken in Iran, Afghanistan (officially known as \"Dari\" since 1958), and Tajikistan (officially known as \"Tajiki\" since the Soviet era),", "Title: Languages in censuses Content: importantly Azerbaijani language, are spoken in different areas in Iran. In southwestern and southern Iran, the Luri language and Lari language are spoken. In Kurdistan Province and nearby area's Kurdish is widely spoken. In Khuzestan, many distinct Persian dialects are spoken. Arabic is also spoken in Khuzestan. Notable minority languages in Iran include Armenian, Georgian, and Neo-Aramaic. Circassian was also once widely used by the large Circassian minority, but due to assimilation over the many years no sizable number of Circassians speak the language anymore. Arabic is the majority language while Kurdish is spoken by approximately 10–15% of the population", "Title: Education in Iran Content: entrance examination is required for admission. There are 98 teacher-training centers in Iran, all belonging to Farhangian University. Persian is officially the national language of Iran. Arabic, as the language of Koran, is taught grades 7-12. In addition to Arabic, students are required to take one foreign language class in grades 7-12. Although other foreign languages such as German, French, Spanish and Chinese are offered in most urban schools, English continues to be the most desired language. \"Kanoun-e-Zabaan-e-Iran\" or Iran's Language Institute affiliated to Center for Intellectual Development of Children and Young Adults was founded in 1979. Persian, English, French,", "Title: Languages of Iran Content: a monolingual policy by the Iranian regime. Perceiving multilingualism as a threat to the nation’s unity and Territorial integrity, and seeing the need to restrict minority languages’ use and to advance the Persian language’s hegemony, Iran’s language policy consists of a non-translation outline as well: all government, administration and educational settings are obliged to use merely Persian for any written communication. That includes political institutions (i.e. the Iranian Parliament), official bureaucratic communication (forms, signage etc.) and schooling (all children from the age of six and up are exposed only to Persian as the language of teaching and learning and of", "Title: Ethnic minorities in Iran Content: language, but use of regional languages is allowed under the constitution of the Islamic Republic, and Azeri language and culture is studied at universities and other institutions of higher education. Article 15 of the constitution states: Further, Article 19 of the Iranian constitution adds: There is in fact, a considerable publication (book, newspaper, etc.) taking place in the two largest minority languages in the Azerbaijani language and Kurdish, and in the academic year 2004–05 B.A. programmes in the Azerbaijani language and literature (in Tabriz) and in the Kurdish language and literature (in Sanandaj) are offered in Iran for the very", "Title: Languages of Iran Content: also acknowledges and permits the use of minority languages in the mass media as well as within the schools, in order to teach their literature. The minority languages of Iran do not receive a formal status and are not officially regulated by the authorities. The first legislation which granted the Persian language its status was initiated back in 1906, as part of an electoral law that positioned it as the official language of the state of Iran, its government, its political institutions and its legal system. In the course of time this enactment followed by others, which eventually lead to" ]

[ "Persian Language" ]

[ "Title: Second Battle of Ypres Content: Second Battle of Ypres During World War I, the Battle of Ypres 1915 (2nd Battle of Ypres) was fought from for control of the strategic Flemish town of Ypres in western Belgium. The First Battle of Ypres had been fought the previous autumn. It was the first mass use by Germany of poison gas on the Western Front. It also marked the first time a former colonial force (the 1st Canadian Division) defeated a European power (the German Empire) in Europe (at the battles of St. Julien and Kitcheners' Wood). The eminent German chemist Walther Nernst. who was with the", "Title: Second Battle of Passchendaele Content: Second Battle of Passchendaele The Second Battle of Passchendaele was the culminating attack during the Third Battle of Ypres of the First World War. The battle took place in the Ypres Salient area of the Western Front, in and around the Belgian village of Passchendaele, between 26 October and 10 November 1917. The Canadian Corps relieved the exhausted II Anzac Corps, continuing the advance started with the First Battle of Passchendaele and ultimately capturing the village. Beyond gaining favourable observation positions, the battle was intended to gain drier winter positions on higher ground. The assault position was directly south of", "Title: Second Battle of Ypres Content: Flanders Fields\" in the voice of those who perished in the war. Published in \"Punch\" 8 December 1915, the poem is still recited on Remembrance Day and Memorial Day. Books Journals Websites Second Battle of Ypres During World War I, the Battle of Ypres 1915 (2nd Battle of Ypres) was fought from for control of the strategic Flemish town of Ypres in western Belgium. The First Battle of Ypres had been fought the previous autumn. It was the first mass use by Germany of poison gas on the Western Front. It also marked the first time a former colonial force", "Title: Action of 25 September 1917 Content: Action of 25 September 1917 The Action of 25 September 1917 was a German methodical counter-attack (\"Gegenangriff\") which took place during the Third Battle of Ypres on the Western Front during the First World War. On the front of the British X Corps (Lieutenant-General Thomas Morland) at the south-east side of the Gheluvelt Plateau, two regiments of the German 50th Reserve Division attacked on both sides of the Reutelbeek stream, on a front. The was supported by German aircraft and and batteries of artillery, four times the usual amount of artillery for a German division. The German infantry managed to", "Title: Battle of Langemarck (1917) Content: Battle of Langemarck (1917) The Battle of Langemarck (16–18 August 1917) was the second Anglo-French general attack of the Third Battle of Ypres, during the First World War. The battle took place near Ypres in Belgian Flanders, on the Western Front against the German 4th Army. The French First Army had a big success on the northern flank from Bixschoote to Drie Grachten and the British gained a substantial amount of ground northwards from Langemark to the boundary with the French. The attack on the Gheluvelt Plateau on the right (southern) flank captured a considerable amount of ground but failed", "Title: Capture of Westhoek Content: Capture of Westhoek The Capture of Westhoek (10 August 1917) took place on the Gheluvelt Plateau near Ypres in Belgium, during the Third Battle of Ypres (31 July – 10 November 1917), in the First World War. The British Fifth Army attacked the Gheluvelt Plateau at the Battle of Pilckem Ridge (31 July – 2 August) but the German 4th Army had fortified its positions in the Ypres Salient since the Second Battle of Ypres (22 April – 25 May 1915). The British reached the first objective in the south and the second objective on the northern flank, then lost", "Title: Memorial Museum Passchendaele 1917 Content: Memorial Museum Passchendaele 1917 The Memorial Museum Passchendaele 1917 in Zonnebeke is a Belgian museum devoted to the 1917 Battle of Passchendaele (also known as the Third Battle of Ypres), where in 1917 in only 100 days, almost 500,000 men were killed for only eight kilometers gain of ground. The museum is housed in the historic château grounds of Zonnebeke and focuses on the material aspects of World War I. The history of the Memorial Museum Passchendaele (MMP1917) starts in 1987. For the first time in history there was an exhibition about the Third Battle in Ypres (1917), this exhibition", "Title: Second Battle of Ypres Content: The battle consisted of six engagements: In the hamlet of Gravenstafel () at about on 22 April, the German Army released of chlorine gas over a front on the line held by French Territorial and colonial Moroccan and Algerian troops of the French 45th and 87th divisions. The attack was launched on 22 April 1915 shortly after 17:00. French troops in the path of the gas cloud sustained about 6,000 casualties. Many died within ten minutes and others were blinded. Chlorine gas reacts with water to form hypochlorous acid, thereby destroying moist tissue such as the lungs and eyes. Anthony", "Title: Menin Gate Content: to the east of the city. The German army eventually surrounded the city on three sides, bombarding it throughout much of the war. The Second Battle of Ypres marked a second German attempt to take the city in April 1915. The third battle is more commonly referred to as Passchendaele, but this 1917 battle was a complex five-month engagement. The fourth and fifth battles occurred during 1918. British and Commonwealth soldiers often passed through the Menenpoort on their way to the front lines with some 300,000 of them being killed in the Ypres Salient. 90,000 of these soldiers have no", "Title: First Battle of Ypres order of battle Content: First Battle of Ypres order of battle This is the order of battle for the First Battle of Ypres fought from 19 October to 22 November 1914 as one of the main engagements of the First World War. It was fought between mixed British Expeditionary Force, French eighth army and armies of the German Empire in northern France and Flanders. 1st Division (Samuel Lomax) 2nd Division (Charles Monro) 3rd Division (Aylmer Haldane) 5th Division (Charles Fergusson) 4th Division (Henry Wilson) 6th Division (John Keir) 1st Cavalry Division (Beauvoir De Lisle) 2nd Cavalry Division (Hubert Gough) 7th Division (Thompson Capper) 3rd" ]

[ "Belgium" ]

[ "Title: Spaniards Content: and immigrants now make up about 10% of the population. Since 2000, Spain has absorbed more than 3 million immigrants, with thousands more arriving each year. Immigrant population now tops over 4.5 million. They come mainly from Europe, Latin America, China, the Philippines, North Africa, and West Africa. Languages spoken in Spain include Spanish (\"castellano\" or \"español\") (74%), Catalan (\"català\", called \"valencià\" in the Valencian Community) (17%), Galician (\"galego\") (7%), and Basque (\"euskara\") (2%). Other languages are Asturian (\"asturianu\"), Aranese Gascon (\"aranés\"), Aragonese (\"aragonés\"), and Leonese, each with their own various dialects. Spanish is the official state language, although the", "Title: Southern Europe Content: San Marino, and the Vatican) and Spanish, which is spoken by over 40 million people in Spain, Andorra and Gibraltar. Other common Romance languages include Portuguese (spoken in Portugal and Andorra), Catalan (spoken in eastern Spain, Andorra and Alghero in Italy), Galician (spoken in northwestern Spain) and Occitan, which is spoken in the Val d'Aran in Catalonia, in the Occitan Valleys in Italy and in southern France. The Hellenic languages or Greek language are widely spoken in Greece and in the Republic of Cyprus. Additionally, other varieties of Greek are spoken in small communities in parts of other European countries.", "Title: Spaniards Content: other languages are co-official in a number of autonomous communities. Peninsular Spanish is largely considered to be divided into two main dialects: Castilian Spanish (spoken in the northern half of the country) and Andalusian Spanish (spoken mainly in Andalusia). However, a large part of Spain, including Madrid, Extremadura, Murcia, and Castile–La Mancha, speak local dialects known as \"transitional dialects\" between Andalusian and Castilian Spanish. The Canary Islands also have a distinct dialect of Castilian Spanish which is very close to Caribbean Spanish. Linguistically, the Spanish language is a Romance language and is one of the aspects (including laws and general", "Title: Culture of Spain Content: (similar to a federal organisation) under the Spanish Constitution of 1978 is intended as a way to incorporate these communities into the state. While everyone in Spain can speak Spanish, other languages figure prominently in many areas: Basque in the Basque Country and Navarre; Catalan in Catalonia, Balearic Islands and Valencia (where it is usually referred to as Valencian), and Galician in Galicia. Spanish is official throughout the country; the rest of these have co-official status in their respective communities and all are major enough that there are numerous daily newspapers in these languages and, especially in Catalan, a significant", "Title: National language Content: incompletely emerged national standard languages which also subsumes a cluster of semi-standardised dialects. Spain has one national constitutional language, Spanish, but there are four other languages that are co-official in some territories: Galician language in Galicia, Basque in Euskadi and part of Navarre, Catalan language in Cataluña, Balearic Islands and Valencia (as Valencian), and Aranese dialect in Val d'Aran. Switzerland has four national languages: German, French, Italian and Romansh, all of which have official status at the national level within the Federal administration of Switzerland. A majority (74%) of the population speaks German, while most of the remainder (21%) speak", "Title: Spanish language Content: Spanish is also spoken in the integral territories of Spain in North Africa, which include the Spanish cities of Ceuta and Melilla, the Plazas de soberanía, and the Canary Islands archipelago (population 2,000,000), located some off the northwest coast of mainland Africa. In northern Morocco, a former Spanish protectorate that is also geographically close to Spain, approximately 20,000 people speak Spanish as a second language, while Arabic is the \"de jure\" official language. A small number of Moroccan Jews also speak the Sephardic Spanish dialect Haketia (related to the Ladino dialect spoken in Israel). Spanish is spoken by some small", "Title: Spanish language Content: Spanish language Spanish (; ) or Castilian (, ), is a Western Romance language that originated in the Castile region of Spain and today has hundreds of millions of native speakers in the Americas and Spain. It is usually considered a global language and the world's second-most spoken native language, after Mandarin Chinese. Spanish is a part of the Ibero-Romance group of languages, which evolved from several dialects of Vulgar Latin in Iberia after the collapse of the Western Roman Empire in the 5th century. The oldest Latin texts with traces of Spanish come from mid-northern Iberia in the 9th", "Title: Linguistic rights Content: the 1987 Philippine constitution mandate the following: The Republic of Poland declares that it shall apply the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages in accordance with the Act on national and ethnic minorities and on regional language, dated 6 January 2005. Spanish language is the stated to be the official language of Spain in Article 3 of the Spanish constitution, being the learning of this language compulsory by this same article. However, the constitution makes provisions for other languages of Spain to be official in their respective communities. An example would be the use of the Basque language in", "Title: History of the Spanish language Content: agreed to allow provinces to use, speak, and print official documents in three other languages: Catalan for Catalonia, Balearic Islands and Valencia; Basque for the Basque provinces and Navarre, and Galician for Galicia. Since 1975, following the death of Franco, Spain has become a multi-party democracy and decentralized country, constituted in autonomous communities. Under this system, some languages of Spain—such as Aranese (an Occitan language of northwestern Catalonia), Basque, Catalan/Valencian, and Galician—have gained co-official status in their respective geographical areas. Others—such as Aragonese, Asturian and Leonese—have been recognized by regional governments. When the United Nations organization was founded in 1945,", "Title: Spanish language Content: English and Mandarin. In Europe, Spanish is an official language of Spain, the country after which it is named and from which it originated. It is widely spoken in Gibraltar, and also commonly spoken in Andorra, although Catalan is the official language there. Spanish is also spoken by small communities in other European countries, such as the United Kingdom, France, Italy, and Germany. Spanish is an official language of the European Union. In Switzerland, which had a massive influx of Spanish migrants in the 20th century, Spanish is the native language of 2.2% of the population. Most Spanish speakers are" ]

[ "Spanish Language" ]

[ "Title: Michael Crabtree Content: Michael Crabtree Michael Alex Crabtree Jr. (born September 14, 1987) is an American football wide receiver for the Baltimore Ravens of the National Football League (NFL). He was drafted by the San Francisco 49ers 10th overall in the 2009 NFL Draft and also played for the Oakland Raiders. He played college football at Texas Tech, where he was a two-time unanimous All-American and twice won the Fred Biletnikoff Award as the nation's best wide receiver. Michael Crabtree was born in Dallas, Texas. He attended David W. Carter High School in Dallas, where he played basketball and football and ran track", "Title: Bruce Crabtree Content: Bruce Crabtree Bruce Crabtree (September 1, 1923 - May 3, 2014) was an American architect and politician. He designed many buildings in Nashville, Tennessee, including the Andrew Jackson State Office Building and the James K. Polk State Office Building. He served as the vice mayor of Belle Meade, Tennessee. Crabtree was born on September 1, 1923 in Chattanooga, Tennessee. He attended Vanderbilt University in 1942, Clemson University in 1943-1944, and the Virginia Polytechnic Institute, where he earned a bachelor's degree in architecture in 1948. Crabtree co-founded the architectural firm Taylor & Crabtree in 1952. They designed Ben West Library (then", "Title: Science and engineering in Manchester Content: Crabtree was born in the hamlet of \"Broughton Spout\" which was on the east bank of the River Irwell, near the area now known as \"The Priory\" in Broughton and was educated at The Manchester Grammar School. He married into a wealthy family and worked as a merchant in Manchester. However, in his spare time, his great interest was astronomy. He carefully measured the movements of the planets and undertook precise astronomical calculations. With improved accuracy, he rewrote the existing Rudolphine Tables of Planetary Positions. Crabtree corresponded with Jeremiah Horrocks (who sometimes spelt his name in the Latised form as", "Title: Michael Crabtree Content: Jones AT&T Stadium. The mural is located on the east side of the stadium inside the concession area. Crabtree's image is also displayed prominently in the football training facility. Michael Crabtree Michael Alex Crabtree Jr. (born September 14, 1987) is an American football wide receiver for the Baltimore Ravens of the National Football League (NFL). He was drafted by the San Francisco 49ers 10th overall in the 2009 NFL Draft and also played for the Oakland Raiders. He played college football at Texas Tech, where he was a two-time unanimous All-American and twice won the Fred Biletnikoff Award as the", "Title: Michael Crabtree Content: for the Cowboys program. He played as a quarterback for the Carter Cowboys high school football team. As a senior, he passed for 870 yards and eleven touchdowns on 45 completions out of 100 attempts. He also ran for 646 yards and nine touchdowns on 100 carries. He was four-star football recruit as an athlete. In addition to playing football in high school, Crabtree was also on the basketball team and ranked among the top 51 recruits in the state of Texas going into college. During a visit in 2004, Texas Tech basketball coach Bob Knight asked Crabtree which sport", "Title: Tom Crabtree Content: Tom Crabtree Thomas Lewis Crabtree (born November 4, 1985) is a former American football tight end in the National Football League (NFL). He spent most of his career with the Green Bay Packers, with whom he won Super Bowl XLV over the Pittsburgh Steelers. Crabtree played high school football for Bloom-Carroll High School in Carroll, Ohio. He attended Miami University in Oxford, Ohio, where he played tight end for the RedHawks for four seasons from 2005 to 2008. Primarily known as an excellent blocker, during his career at Miami he caught 40 passes for 329 yards (an 8.1 average) with", "Title: Michael Crabtree Content: he was going to choose. Though the decision was not an easy one, he opted to play college football exclusively. Crabtree was offered football scholarships by Baylor, Illinois, Iowa, Kansas State, Oklahoma, Texas A&M, Texas Tech, and Kansas. He was also recruited by Texas, whose coaches wanted him to play defense. Crabtree refused, stating that he wanted to score touchdowns. Crabtree accepted an athletic scholarship to attend Texas Tech University, where he played for coach Mike Leach and the Texas Tech Red Raiders football team from 2006 to 2008. Crabtree was redshirted his freshman season of 2006 because of a", "Title: Don Crabtree Content: Don Crabtree Don Crabtree (June 8, 1912 – November 16, 1980) was a flintknapper and pioneering experimental archaeologist. Known as the “Dean of American flintknappers” he was mostly self-educated, however he was awarded an honorary doctorate degree by the University of Idaho. His 1972 publication \"An Introduction to Flintworking\" still serves as one of the primary terminology sources for students of lithic technology. Crabtree is well known for “Crabtree’s Law”, which states that “the greater the degree of final finishing applied to a stone artifact, whether by flaking, grinding, and/or polishing, the harder it is to conclude the lithic reduction", "Title: Steve Crabtree Content: Steve Crabtree Steven Christopher Crabtree (born June 12, 1955) is an American journalist. He was the Republican nominee for Kentucky Secretary of State in 1995. Crabtree was a drummer and vocalist with a number of bands that performed throughout the Ohio Valley and the northern panhandle of West Virginia during the 1970s. He left Moundsville, West Virginia in 1977 for Somerset, Kentucky to be close to family that had already left West Virginia. After two years working on campaigns for United States congressman Hal Rogers, a Republican from Kentucky's 5th congressional district, Crabtree went to work as a reporter and", "Title: Carl Crabtree Content: Carl Crabtree Carl Crabtree (born in California) is an American rancher and a Republican Idaho State Senator since 2016 representing District 7. Crabtree was raised on a ranch in Kooskia and graduated from Clearwater Valley High School. He earned a Bachelor of Science in plant science from the University of Idaho in 1974. From 1974 to his retirement in 2015, he worked for Idaho County as 4-H Program Manager, as extension educator, and as Weed Supervisor. He continues to work in livestock production, having served in the Idaho Cattle Association, serving as president from 1991-1992, and on the Idaho Beef" ]

[ "Wide receiver" ]

[ "Title: Afrikaans Content: Afrikaans Afrikaans (, ) is a West Germanic language spoken in South Africa, Namibia and, to a lesser extent, Botswana and Zimbabwe. It evolved from the Dutch vernacular of South Holland (Hollandic dialect) spoken by the mainly Dutch settlers of what is now South Africa, where it gradually began to develop distinguishing characteristics in the course of the 18th century. Hence, it is a daughter language of Dutch, and was previously referred to as \"Cape Dutch\" (a term also used to refer collectively to the early Cape settlers) or \"kitchen Dutch\" (a derogatory term used to refer to Afrikaans in", "Title: Afrikaans Content: dialect; it is more commonly used for the regional peculiarities of standard Afrikaans spoken in the Upington/Orange River wine district of South Africa. Some of the characteristics of are the plural form ' (\"Ma-\", '), variant pronunciation such as in ' (\"Church\") and ' (\"money\") and the ending \", which indicates possession. Although Afrikaans is mainly spoken in South Africa and Namibia, smaller Afrikaans-speaking populations live in Argentina, Australia, Botswana, Brazil, Canada, Lesotho, Malawi, the Netherlands, New Zealand, Swaziland, the UAE, the United Kingdom, Republic of Ireland, the US, Zambia, and Zimbabwe. Most Afrikaans-speaking people living outside Africa are emigrants", "Title: Languages of Africa Content: (Hollandic dialect) spoken by the mainly Dutch settlers of what is now South Africa, where it gradually began to develop distinguishing characteristics in the course of the 18th century. Most Afrikaans speakers live in South Africa. In Namibia it is the lingua franca and in Botswana and Zimbabwe it is a minority language of roughly several ten thousand people. Overall 15 to 20 million people are estimated to speak Afrikaans. Since the colonial era, Indo-European languages such as Afrikaans, English, French, Italian, Portuguese and Spanish have held official status in many countries, and are widely spoken, generally as lingua francas.", "Title: Low Franconian languages Content: spoken, called Low Dietsch (Dutch: \"Platdiets\", Limburgish: \"Platduutsj\", French: \"Thiois\" or \"Platdutch\"). Afrikaans is an Indo-European language, derived from Dutch and classified as Low Franconian Germanic, mainly spoken in South Africa and Namibia, with smaller numbers of speakers in Botswana, Angola, Swaziland, Zimbabwe, Togo, and Zambia. Afrikaans originated from the Dutch language. The dialect became known as \"Cape Dutch\". Later, Afrikaans was sometimes also referred to as \"African Dutch\" or \"Kitchen Dutch\", although these terms were mainly pejorative. Afrikaans was considered a Dutch dialect until the late 19th century, when it began to be recognised as a distinct language, and", "Title: Germanic-speaking Europe Content: such as \"ask\" and \"question\" (the first verb being Germanic and the second Latinate) show the division between Germanic and Latinate lexemes that compose Modern English vocabulary. The structure of the English language, however, has remained unequivocally Germanic. In Europe, Dutch is spoken in the Netherlands (≈96%) and Flanders, the northern part of Belgium (≈59%). In French Flanders, in northern France, some of the older generation still speaks the local Dutch dialect. Outside Europe, Dutch is official in Suriname, Aruba and the Netherlands Antilles. In Indonesia, Dutch is spoken by the Indo people. Afrikaans, the third most spoken language in", "Title: Afrikaans Content: movement within Afrikaans to be inclusive, and to promote itself along with the other indigenous official languages. In Namibia, the percentage of Afrikaans speakers declined from 11.4% (2001 Census) to 10.4% (2011 Census). The major concentrations are in Hardap (41.0%), ǁKaras (36.1%), Erongo (20.5%), Khomas (18.5%), Omaheke (10.0%), Otjozondjupa (9.4%), Kunene (4.2%), and Oshikoto (2.3%). Afrikaans is offered at many universities outside of South Africa including in the Netherlands, Belgium, Germany, Poland, Russia and America. Following early dialectal studies of Afrikaans, it was theorised that three main historical dialects probably existed after the Great Trek in the 1830s. These dialects", "Title: Afrikaans Content: that English and Afrikaans were the official languages and Afrikaans was deemed to include Dutch. The Constitution of 1983 removed any mention of Dutch altogether. The Afrikaans Language Monument (') is located on a hill overlooking Paarl, Western Cape Province, South Africa. Officially opened on 10 October 1975, it commemorates the 50th anniversary of Afrikaans being declared an official language of South Africa in distinction to Dutch. It was erected in Paarl on the 100th anniversary of the founding of the ' (Society of Real Afrikaners), an organisation which helped to strengthen Afrikaner identity and linguistic pride. The linguist Paul", "Title: Afrikaans Content: and all three are used in common parlance. The white Afrikaans-speaking community started being referred to colloquially as \"The Boere\". The terms ' (farm boy) and ' (farm girl) became popular among young white Afrikaners for expressing national pride, regardless of whether or not they actually grew up on a farm. Afrikaans is also widely spoken in Namibia. Before independence, Afrikaans had equal status with German as an official language. Since independence in 1990, Afrikaans has had constitutional recognition as a national, but not official, language. There is a much smaller number of Afrikaans speakers among Zimbabwe's white minority, as", "Title: Dutch language Content: constituent countries of the Kingdom of the Netherlands located in the Caribbean. Historical linguistic minorities on the verge of extinction remain in parts of France and Germany, and in Indonesia, while up to half a million native speakers may reside in the United States, Canada and Australia combined. The Cape Dutch dialects of Southern Africa have evolved into Afrikaans, a mutually intelligible daughter language which is spoken to some degree by at least 16 million people, mainly in South Africa and Namibia. Dutch is one of the closest relatives of both German and English and is colloquially said to be", "Title: Afrikaans literature Content: Afrikaans literature Afrikaans literature is literature written in Afrikaans. Afrikaans is a daughter language of Dutch and is spoken by the majority of people in the Western Cape of South Africa and among Afrikaners and mixed race South Africans in other parts of South Africa, Namibia, Zimbabwe, Botswana, Lesotho and Swaziland. Afrikaans was historically one of the two official languages of South Africa, the other being English, but it currently shares the status of an \"official language\" with ten other languages. Some Afrikaans authors of note are André P. Brink, Breyten Breytenbach, N.P. van Wyk Louw, Deon Meyer, Dalene Matthee," ]

[ "Namibia", "South Africa" ]

[ "Title: Florida Content: Florida Florida (; Spanish for \"land of flowers\") is the southernmost contiguous state in the United States. The state is bordered to the west by the Gulf of Mexico, to the northwest by Alabama, to the north by Georgia, to the east by the Atlantic Ocean, and to the south by the Straits of Florida. Florida is the 22nd-most extensive (), the 3rd-most populous (21,312,211 inhabitants), and the 8th-most densely populated () of the U.S. states. Jacksonville is the most populous municipality in the state and the largest city by area in the contiguous United States. The Miami metropolitan area", "Title: Florida Content: Florida Florida (; Spanish for \"land of flowers\") is the southernmost contiguous state in the United States. The state is bordered to the west by the Gulf of Mexico, to the northwest by Alabama, to the north by Georgia, to the east by the Atlantic Ocean, and to the south by the Straits of Florida. Florida is the 22nd-most extensive (), the 3rd-most populous (21,312,211 inhabitants), and the 8th-most densely populated () of the U.S. states. Jacksonville is the most populous municipality in the state and the largest city by area in the contiguous United States. The Miami metropolitan area", "Title: Florida Content: Fort Lauderdale, and West Palm Beach. Much of Florida is on a peninsula between the Gulf of Mexico, the Atlantic Ocean and the Straits of Florida. Spanning two time zones, it extends to the northwest into a panhandle, extending along the northern Gulf of Mexico. It is bordered on the north by Georgia and Alabama, and on the west, at the end of the panhandle, by Alabama. It is the only state that borders the Atlantic Ocean and the Gulf of Mexico. Florida also is the southernmost state in the 48 contiguous states, with Hawaii being the only state reaching", "Title: Geography of the United States Content: surface area. Since the initial publishing of the World Factbook, the CIA has updated the total area of United States a number of times. The United States shares land borders with Canada (to the north) and Mexico (to the south), and a territorial water border with Russia in the northwest, and two territorial water borders in the southeast between Florida and Cuba, and Florida and the Bahamas. The contiguous forty-eight states are otherwise bounded by the Pacific Ocean on the west, the Atlantic Ocean on the east, and the Gulf of Mexico to the southeast. Alaska borders the Pacific Ocean", "Title: Canada–United States border Content: Canada–United States border The Canada–United States border (), officially known as the International Boundary (), is the longest international border in the world between two countries. It is shared between Canada and the United States, the second- and fourth-largest countries by area, respectively. The terrestrial boundary (including portions of maritime boundaries in the Great Lakes, and on the Atlantic, Pacific, and Arctic coasts) is long, of which is Canada's border with Alaska. Eight Canadian provinces and territories (Yukon, British Columbia, Alberta, Saskatchewan, Manitoba, Ontario, Quebec, and New Brunswick), and thirteen U.S. states (Alaska, Washington, Idaho, Montana, North Dakota, Minnesota, Michigan,", "Title: Geography of Florida Content: Geography of Florida Much of the state of Florida is situated on a peninsula between the Gulf of Mexico, the Atlantic Ocean, and the Straits of Florida. Spanning two time zones, it extends to the northwest into a panhandle along the northern Gulf of Mexico. It is bordered on the north by the states of Georgia and Alabama, and on the west, at the end of the panhandle, by Alabama. It is near The Bahamas and several Caribbean countries, particularly Cuba. Florida has 131 public airports, and more than 700 private airports, airstrips, heliports, and seaplane bases. Florida is one", "Title: Mexico–United States border Content: has the shortest. Among the states in Mexico, Chihuahua has the longest border with the United States, while Nuevo León has the shortest. Texas borders four Mexican states—Tamaulipas, Nuevo León, Coahuila, and Chihuahua—the most of any U.S. states. New Mexico and Arizona each borders two Mexican states (Chihuahua and Sonora; Sonora and Baja California, respectively). California borders only Baja California. Three Mexican states border two U.S. states each: Baja California borders California and Arizona; Sonora borders Arizona and New Mexico; and Chihuahua borders New Mexico and Texas. Tamaulipas, Nuevo León, and Coahuila each borders only one U.S. state: Texas. The", "Title: Transportation in Florida Content: repealed this amendment. The first segment of this network, projected to have opened in 2009, would have connected Tampa and Orlando, in hopes of alleviating traffic on the busy Interstate 4 corridor. Later segments would have connected Miami, Fort Myers, Jacksonville, Tallahassee, and Pensacola. Florida has 131 public airports. Florida's seven large hub and medium hub airports, as classified by the FAA, are the following: Major international airports in Florida which processed more than 15 million passengers each in 2005 are Orlando International Airport (34,128,048 est. 2006), Miami International Airport (32,533,974 est. 2006), Fort Lauderdale-Hollywood International Airport(22,390,285 est. 2006) and", "Title: Florida Content: emerald-colored coastal waters. About two-thirds of Florida occupies a peninsula between the Gulf of Mexico and the Atlantic Ocean. Florida has the longest coastline in the contiguous United States, approximately , not including the contribution of the many barrier islands. Florida has a total of 4,510 islands that are ten acres or larger in area. This is the second-highest number of islands of any state of the United States; only Alaska has more. It is the only state that borders both the Gulf of Mexico and the Atlantic Ocean. Much of the state is at or near sea level and", "Title: Geography of the United States Content: Geography of the United States The term \"United States\", when used in the geographical sense, is the contiguous United States, the state of Alaska, the island state of Hawaii, the five insular territories of Puerto Rico, Northern Mariana Islands, U.S. Virgin Islands, Guam, and American Samoa, and minor outlying possessions. The United States shares land borders with Canada and Mexico and maritime borders with Russia, Cuba, and the Bahamas in addition to Canada and Mexico. The United States's northern border with Canada is the world's longest bi-national land border. From 1989 through 1996, the total area of the US was" ]

[ "Alabama", "Georgia" ]

[ "Title: Ziva David captivity storyline Content: to her decision to resign from Mossad and apply to become an NCIS agent and an American citizen. The character of Ziva David was introduced by series creator Donald P. Bellisario in 2005 during the third season of \"NCIS\", which follows a team of government agents who work for the Naval Criminal Investigative Service. Chilean-American actress Cote de Pablo was cast to portray the character, who underwent a number of revisions before ultimately being scripted as an Israeli Mossad officer assigned as a liaison to the NCIS team. She is portrayed as having a vibrant personality despite her background as", "Title: Ziva David Content: Ziva David Ziva David (; Hebrew: זיוה דוד, , Ziva: \"Radiance\"; birth date November 12, 1982, Beersheba in the Negev desert of southern Israel) is a fictional character from the CBS television series \"NCIS\", portrayed by Chilean-born American actress Cote de Pablo. Ziva first appeared in the season 3 premiere episode, \"Kill Ari (Part 1)\", and became a regular cast member from the episode \"Silver War\". She replaced Caitlin \"Kate\" Todd (Sasha Alexander), who was killed at the hands of Ziva's half-brother, Ari Haswari (Rudolf Martin), in the season 2 finale. Following the onscreen death of the character's father in", "Title: Ziva David Content: to do that.\" Ziva David Ziva David (; Hebrew: זיוה דוד, , Ziva: \"Radiance\"; birth date November 12, 1982, Beersheba in the Negev desert of southern Israel) is a fictional character from the CBS television series \"NCIS\", portrayed by Chilean-born American actress Cote de Pablo. Ziva first appeared in the season 3 premiere episode, \"Kill Ari (Part 1)\", and became a regular cast member from the episode \"Silver War\". She replaced Caitlin \"Kate\" Todd (Sasha Alexander), who was killed at the hands of Ziva's half-brother, Ari Haswari (Rudolf Martin), in the season 2 finale. Following the onscreen death of the", "Title: Ziva David Content: one of the lead female roles in a 2005 Broadway musical version of \"The Mambo Kings\" and had turned down other television roles to stay with it. However, the production was cancelled in June after a trial engagement in San Francisco and two days later de Pablo was asked to audition for a role on \"NCIS\". De Pablo later said that the character was simply described as a generic eastern European woman and that she had used a Czech accent when auditioning. Over 50 actresses reportedly auditioned for the role, and another actress with a longer résumé had initially been", "Title: Tony DiNozzo and Ziva David Content: Tony DiNozzo and Ziva David Tony DiNozzo and Ziva David are fictional characters from the American police procedural drama \"NCIS\". Tony, an original character, is portrayed by Michael Weatherly, and Ziva, who first appeared in the third season, is portrayed by Cote de Pablo. Frequently referred to by the portmanteau \"Tiva\" (for Tony and Ziva), the characters' flirtation and the idea of them eventually beginning a relationship became a subject of interest among viewers, and by 2010, \"TV Guide\" reported that \"many fans have become obsessed with the romantic tension between Weatherly's character and co-worker Ziva\". Focus and media coverage", "Title: Ziva David captivity storyline Content: an assassin and being \"an extremely skilled interrogator, nearly impossible to break\". Initially rejected by most of the other characters, she is eventually accepted as a member of the NCIS team and as a surrogate daughter figure to team leader Gibbs (Mark Harmon). She also serves as a foil for Special Agent Tony DiNozzo, a former Baltimore homicide cop and \"wannabe playboy\" played by Michael Weatherly. Early on, producers began to toy with the idea of pairing them romantically but avoided going through with the relationship by dealing them a number of obstacles, namely difficult circumstances and other love interests.", "Title: Ziva David Content: Todd was killed in the second \"NCIS\" season finale following Alexander's decision to permanently leave the show. Shortly afterwards, series creator Donald Bellisario announced plans to replace Todd with another female lead. At the time, he stated that the new character would be \"quite different\" from the previous and of an undecided foreign nationality—\"I want to go for a European or Australian girl who is very comfortable with her femininity and sexuality.\" Before joining the cast of \"NCIS\", Cote de Pablo, who lived in New York at the time, had performed primarily in the theatre. She was intended to portray", "Title: NCIS (season 11) Content: his contract on the show with a new \"multiyear deal\" with CBS. It was announced on July 10, 2013 that Cote de Pablo, who plays Ziva David, had chosen not to return for the eleventh season as a regular. She will appear in enough episodes to close out her character's storylines. Because of de Pablo's exit, showrunner Gary Glasberg had to change his planned storyline for season 11. \"Someone asked me if I was planning for this, but I really wasn't, so basically the minute that this became real, I had to throw out a lot of what I was", "Title: Cote de Pablo Content: on the Fox Network). The show was short-lived, screening only 10 one-hour episodes. In 2005, De Pablo was about to make her Broadway debut in \"The Mambo Kings\" as Dolores Fuentes, but the show closed after a short trial run in San Francisco. Cote de Pablo is primarily known for her portrayal of Ziva David, an Israeli Mossad officer turned NCIS agent, in the police procedural drama \"NCIS\". She had sent in a videotape audition while waiting for \"The Mambo Kings\" to move forward and was asked to fly to Los Angeles for a screen test two days after it", "Title: Ziva David Content: season 10, Gabi Coccio recurrently portrayed a young Ziva in flashbacks. Ziva is introduced to the show as an Israeli citizen, an agent of the Kidon unit of the Mossad, a daughter of Mossad Director Eli David, and a friend of NCIS Director Jenny Shepard. She was assigned to NCIS as a liaison officer in an arrangement between Eli and Jenny, a position she held for four years until she returned to Mossad in the season 6 finale, \"Aliyah\". After being captured by terrorists in Somalia while on assignment for Mossad and presumed dead, she was eventually saved by Gibbs," ]

[ "Cote de Pablo" ]

[ "Title: Henry VIII of England Content: most charismatic rulers to sit on the English throne\". He was an author and composer. As he aged, Henry became severely obese and his health suffered, contributing to his death in 1547. He is frequently characterised in his later life as a lustful, egotistical, harsh, and insecure king. He was succeeded by his son Edward VI. Born 28 June 1491 at the Palace of Placentia in Greenwich, Kent, Henry Tudor was the third child and second son of Henry VII and Elizabeth of York. Of the young Henry's six siblings, only three – Arthur, Prince of Wales; Margaret; and Mary", "Title: Henry VII of England Content: in terms of efficiency and as a method of reducing the corruption endemic within the nobility of the Middle Ages. In 1502, Henry VII's first son and heir apparent, Arthur, Prince of Wales, died suddenly at Ludlow Castle, very likely from a viral respiratory illness known at the time as the \"English sweating sickness\". This made Henry, Duke of York (Henry VIII) heir apparent to the throne. The King, normally a reserved man who rarely showed much emotion in public unless angry, surprised his courtiers by his intense grief and sobbing at his son's death, while his concern for the", "Title: Henry VII of England Content: no man should resort unto him.\" Henry VII died at Richmond Palace on 21 April 1509 of tuberculosis and was buried at Westminster Abbey, next to his wife, Elizabeth, in the chapel he commissioned. He was succeeded by his second son, Henry VIII (reign 1509–47). His mother survived him, dying two months later on 29 June 1509. Henry is the first English king of whose appearance good contemporary visual records in realistic portraits exist that are relatively free of idealization. At 27, he was tall, slender, with small blue eyes, which were said to have a noticeable animation of expression,", "Title: Jane Seymour Content: the reign of the young King Edward VI, Edward set himself up as Lord Protector and de facto ruler of the kingdom. Both eventually fell from power, and were executed. Jane Seymour Jane Seymour (c. 150824 October 1537) was Queen of England from 1536 to 1537 as the third wife of King Henry VIII. She succeeded Anne Boleyn as queen consort following the latter's execution in May 1536. She died of postnatal complications less than two weeks after the birth of her only child, a son who became King Edward VI. She was the only one of Henry's wives to", "Title: Henry VIII of England Content: Henry VIII of England Henry VIII (28 June 1491 – 28 January 1547) was King of England from 1509 until his death. Henry was the second Tudor monarch, succeeding his father, Henry VII. Henry is best known for his six marriages, in particular his efforts to have his first marriage, to Catherine of Aragon, annulled. His disagreement with the Pope on the question of such an annulment led Henry to initiate the English Reformation, separating the Church of England from papal authority. He appointed himself the Supreme Head of the Church of England and dissolved convents and monasteries, for which", "Title: History of England Content: Wars of the Roses. The treasury was empty, having been drained by Edward IV's Woodville in-laws after his death. Through a tight fiscal policy and sometimes ruthless tax collection and confiscations, Henry refilled the treasury by the time of his death. He also effectively rebuilt the machinery of government. In 1501, the king's son Arthur, having married Catherine of Aragon, died of illness at age 15, leaving his younger brother Henry, Duke of York as heir. When the king himself died in 1509, the position of the Tudors was secure at last, and his son succeeded him unopposed. Henry VIII", "Title: Coronation of Elizabeth I Content: allow the continuation of some Catholic customs, a compromise known as the Elizabethan Settlement. Henry VIII was the second Tudor king of England and his reign from 1509 to 1547 was one of great political and social change. Religious upheaval in Continental Europe and Henry's dispute with the Pope over his intended divorce from his first wife, Catherine of Aragon, led Henry to break from the Roman Catholic Church and to establish the Church of England. Henry VIII was succeeded by his nine-year-old son from his marriage to Jane Seymour, Edward VI, who reigned under the governance of a Council", "Title: History of the foreign relations of the United Kingdom Content: with a large dowry for himself, but was unable to find a match. Arthur died in 1502 and the second son married the widow in 1509, just after he became king as Henry VIII, King Henry VIII (reigned 1509-1547) was one of the most flamboyant and famous of all English monarchs. In military terms, he paid special attention to expanding the English Navy, to protect the rapidly expanding merchant fleet. He also commissioned privateers from the merchant fleets to act as auxiliary warships that captured and resold enemy merchant ships. Some of his foreign and religious policy revolved around annulling", "Title: Henry VIII of England Content: on what would have been his father's 90th birthday. He allegedly uttered his last words: \"Monks! Monks! Monks!\" perhaps in reference to the monks he caused to be evicted during the Dissolution of the Monasteries. Henry VIII was interred in St George's Chapel in Windsor Castle, next to Jane Seymour. Over a hundred years later, King Charles I (1625–1649) was buried in the same vault. Upon Henry's death, he was succeeded by his son Edward VI. Since Edward was then only nine years old, he could not rule directly. Instead, Henry's will designated 16 executors to serve on a council", "Title: Tudors of Penmynydd Content: on 30 May 1536, and she gave birth to a son, Edward, on 12 October 1537, but Jane died of a postpartum infection on 24 October. Henry VIII married three subsequent women: Anne of Cleves in January 1540, a marriage which was annulled soon after, Catherine Howard in July 1540, who would be executed for adultery, then Katherine Parr in July 1543. She would survive Henry and go on to raise Elizabeth before her death in 1548. After Henry VIII's death, his son assumed the throne as Edward VI, with his uncle Edward Seymour as Lord Protector. Edward died on" ]

[ "Edward VI of England" ]

[ "Title: Egyptian language Content: survive into modern usage. Examples include \"ebony\" (Egyptian 𓍁𓈖𓏭𓆱 \"hbny\", via Greek and then Latin), \"ivory\" (Egyptian \"ꜣbw\", literally 'ivory, elephant'), \"natron\" (via Greek), \"lily\" (via Greek, from Coptic \"hlēri\"), \"ibis\" (via Greek, from Egyptian \"hbj\"), \"oasis\" (via Greek, from Demotic \"wḥj\"), perhaps \"barge\" (possibly from Greek \"baris\" \"Egyptian boat\", from Coptic \"bari\" \"small boat\"), and possibly \"cat\"; and of course a number of terms and proper names directly associated with Ancient Egypt, such as \"pharaoh\" (Egyptian 𓉐𓉻 \"pr-ꜥꜣ\", literally \"great house\", transmitted via Hebrew and Greek). The name \"Egypt\" itself is etymologically identical to that of the \"Copts\", ultimately", "Title: Mizraim Content: Mizraim Mizraim ( ; cf. Arabic مصر, \"Miṣr\") (/mɪt͡srai:m/) is the Hebrew and Aramaic name for the land of Egypt, with the dual suffix \"-āyim\", perhaps referring to the \"two Egypts\": Upper Egypt and Lower Egypt. Neo-Babylonian texts use the term \"Mizraim\" for Egypt. The name was for instance inscribed in the famous Ishtar Gate of Babylon. Ugaritic inscriptions refer to Egypt as \"Mṣrm\", in the Amarna tablets it is called \"Misri\", and Assyrian records called Egypt \"Mu-ṣur.\" The Arabic word for Egypt is \"Miṣr\" (pronounced \"Maṣr\" in Egyptian colloquial Arabic), and Egypt's official name is \"Gumhuriyyat Miṣr al-‘Arabīyyah \"", "Title: Cairo Content: the Egyptian Arabic name for Egypt itself, emphasizing the city's importance for the country. Its official name ' () means \"the Vanquisher\" or \"the Conqueror\", supposedly due to the fact that the planet Mars, \"an-Najm al-Qāhir\" (, \"the Conquering Star\"), was rising at the time when the city was founded, possibly also in reference to the much awaited arrival of the Fatimid Caliph Al-Mu'izz who reached Cairo in 973 from Mahdia, the old Fatimid capital. The location of the ancient city of Heliopolis is the suburb of Ain Shams (, \"Eye of the Sun\"). The Coptic name of the city", "Title: Egyptians Content: means \"Of God\" in Egyptian and Coptic. In addition, Egyptian families often derive their name from places in Egypt, such as Minyawi from Minya and Suyuti from Asyut; or from one of the local Sufi orders such as el-Shazli and el-Sawy. More examples of prominent surnames are Qozman and Habib. With the adoption of Christianity and eventually Islam, Egyptians began to take on names associated with these religions. Many Egyptian surnames also became Hellenized and Arabized, meaning they were altered to sound Greek or Arabic. This was done by the addition of the Greek suffix \"-ios\" to Egyptian names; for", "Title: Egypt Content: desert and of the Libyan Desert. These deserts protected the Kingdom of the Pharaohs from western threats and were referred to as the \"red land\" in ancient Egypt. Towns and cities include Alexandria, the second largest city; Aswan; Asyut; Cairo, the modern Egyptian capital and largest city; El Mahalla El Kubra; Giza, the site of the Pyramid of Khufu; Hurghada; Luxor; Kom Ombo; Port Safaga; Port Said; Sharm El Sheikh; Suez, where the south end of the Suez Canal is located; Zagazig; and Minya. Oases include Bahariya, Dakhla, Farafra, Kharga and Siwa. Protectorates include Ras Mohamed National Park, Zaranik Protectorate", "Title: Hor-Aha Content: Hor-Aha Hor-Aha (or Aha or Horus Aha) is considered the second pharaoh of the First Dynasty of Egypt by some Egyptologists, others consider him the first one and corresponding to Menes. He lived around the 31st century BC and is thought to have had a long reign. The commonly used name \"Hor-Aha\" is a rendering of the pharaoh's Horus-name, an element of the royal titulary associated with the god Horus, and is more fully given as \"Horus-Aha\" meaning \"Horus the Fighter\". The Greek historian Manetho's record \"Aegyptiaca\" (translating to History of Egypt) lists his Greek name as Athothis, or \"Athotís\".", "Title: Egyptus Content: was taken from an Egyptian name for Memphis, the old capital of Egypt, Ḥwt-kЗ-Ptḥ, \"House-of-the-Spirit-of-Ptah\" (i.e., the Temple of Ptah), which by extension became the name for \"Egypt/ Aegyptus/ Egyptus\" = Coptic ekepta, and Αἴγυπτος in Homer as both Nile River and country, and in \"Bibliotheca\" (2.1.4-5), as the eponymous son of Belus & Anchinoe, who first conquers Egypt. The etymological source of the name of Egypt is important since three 1835 prepublication manuscripts of the LDS Book of Abraham read \"Zeptah\" instead of Egyptus as the name of the elder Egyptus (1:25). This variant name could very well reflect", "Title: Egyptians Content: dropped. It is not entirely unusual for families of Egyptian origin (especially Coptic ones) to have names or family names beginning with the Egyptian masculine possessive pronoun \"pa\" (generally \"ba\" in Arabic, which lost the phoneme in the course of developing from Proto-Semitic). For example, Bayoumi (variations: Baioumi, Bayoumi, Baioumy) \"of Fayyoum\", Fayyoum meaning \"of the big water (yom)\", Basyouni (of Aswan), Bashandi, Bakhoum (\"the eagle\"), Bekhit, Bahur (\"of Horus\") and Banoub (\"of Anubis\"). The name Shenouda, which is very common among Copts, means \"child of God\". Hence, names and many toponyms may end with \"-nouda\", \"-noudi\" or \"-nuti\", which", "Title: History of Egypt Content: History of Egypt The history of Egypt has been long and wealthy, due to the flow of the Nile River with its fertile banks and delta, as well as the accomplishments of Egypt's native inhabitants and outside influence. Much of Egypt's ancient history was a mystery until the secrets of ancient Egyptian hieroglyphs were deciphered with the discovery and help of the Rosetta Stone. Among the Seven Wonders of the Ancient World, the Great Pyramid of Giza is the only one still standing. The Library of Alexandria was the only one of its kind for centuries. Human settlement in Egypt", "Title: Ancient Egypt Content: Egyptian are Old Egyptian, Middle Egyptian (Classical Egyptian), Late Egyptian, Demotic and Coptic. Egyptian writings do not show dialect differences before Coptic, but it was probably spoken in regional dialects around Memphis and later Thebes. Ancient Egyptian was a synthetic language, but it became more analytic later on. Late Egyptian developed prefixal definite and indefinite articles, which replaced the older inflectional suffixes. There was a change from the older verb–subject–object word order to subject–verb–object. The Egyptian hieroglyphic, hieratic, and demotic scripts were eventually replaced by the more phonetic Coptic alphabet. Coptic is still used in the liturgy of the Egyptian" ]

[ "Abdel Hakim Amer", "Abdel Ghani el-Gamasy", "Ahmad Ismail Ali", "Saad El Shazly", "Mohammed Aly Fahmy", "Anwar Sadat", "Hosni Mubarak", "Abdul Munim Riad", "Abdul Munim Wassel", "Abd-Al-Minaam Khaleel" ]

[ "Title: St. Louis Cardinals Content: St. Louis Cardinals The St. Louis Cardinals are an American professional baseball team based in St. Louis, Missouri. The Cardinals compete in Major League Baseball (MLB) as a member club of the National League (NL) Central division. Busch Stadium has been their home ballpark since 2006. One of the most successful franchises in baseball history, the Cardinals have won 11 World Series championships, the second-most in Major League Baseball (behind the New York Yankees) and the most in the National League. Their 19 National League pennants rank third in NL history. In addition, St. Louis has won 13 division titles", "Title: History of the St. Louis Cardinals (1990–present) Content: the Cardinals acquired Matt Holliday, Lance Berkman, Carlos Beltrán and Adam Wainwright to replace Edmonds, Pujols, Rolen and Carpenter. Eventually, McGwire issued a public apology and returned to the Cardinals as the hitting coach. La Russa retired from managing after 2011 with the most wins in franchise history (1,408) and World Series championships (two) and Mike Matheny replaced him. Concurrently, the fruition of a new player development model of which DeWitt pursued contributed greatly to two World Series appearances in 2011 and 2013, such as David Freese putting on rare comeback heroics and Allen Craig compiling a historically high batting", "Title: 2018 St. Louis Cardinals season Content: Mike Shildt, 48, has been promoted to bench coach from quality control and then third base coach in his 2017 position as a first-year coach, filling the vacancy left when David Bell accepted a job with the San Francisco Giants. Shildt previously managed for eight years in the Cardinals' farm system. Ron (\"Pop\") Warner will return to his role as assistant field coordinator. Three days after hiring their third base coach and bench coach, the Cardinals on October 26, hired long-time MLB pitching coach Mike Maddux, 56, older brother of Hall of Fame pitcher Greg Maddux. Mike Maddux was the", "Title: 2014 St. Louis Cardinals season Content: threw out the ceremonial first pitch to his longtime battermate, catcher Tim McCarver. Gibson, then 28, and Lou Brock, then 25 on June 18 (traded for on June 15 that year for pitcher Ernie Broglio), are in the Hall of Fame. Red Schoendienst, then a coach, in 1965 named the manager, along with current Cardinals' broadcaster Mike Shannon, plus Julián Javier, Jerry Buchek, Phil Gagliano, Ron Taylor, Gordie Richardson, Bob Humphreys, Charlie James, and Carl Warwick were the others attending. Adam Wainwright was named the NL Co-Players of the Week for May 19–25, along with Josh Beckett, 34, for their", "Title: History of the St. Louis Cardinals (1990–present) Content: by Southwest Bank's Drew Baur, Fred Hanser and William DeWitt, Jr. in December 1995. DeWitt has a long track record in baseball, commencing with his father, Bill DeWitt, who once worked for former Cardinals general manager (GM) Branch Rickey and owned the St. Louis Browns. DeWitt himself was a minority owner of the Texas Rangers and actively participated with the baseball clubs on which the elder DeWitt served. Hired during the AB era, the new ownership retained Jocketty. One of Jocketty's first moves under new ownership was to hire La Russa away from the Oakland Athletics. La Russa became one", "Title: History of the St. Louis Cardinals (1990–present) Content: of the most successful managers in history owing in part to his quality as a strategically brilliant and a tactical innovator, concocting \"inventive bullpen matchups\", and \"creating the role of the one-inning closer [for] Dennis Eckersley\", patterns that are an integral part of the current game. La Russa brought two of his most trusted coaches from Oakland, among others – pitching coach Dave Duncan and first base coach Dave McKay – both of whose coaching tenures in St. Louis coincided with La Russa's term. St. Louis won the NL Central the following season for their only division title of the", "Title: 2017 St. Louis Cardinals season Content: Bill Mueller was given a leave of absence, replaced by Mark Budaska (hitting coach at AAA-Memphis). 3B coach Chris Maloney was reassigned within the organization, replaced by quality control coach Mike Shildt. Ron \"Pop\" Warner was added to the coaching staff. This is the first time Mozeliak had to make a mid-season coaching staff change. The drop to 26–32, was the lowest below .500 that Mgr. Mike Matheny has seen since his hire after the 2011 season. It is also the first time since the end of the 2007 season that they have had a record this poor this late", "Title: St. Louis Cardinals Content: Sr., and Jay Randolph. Joe Buck, the son of Jack Buck, was an official member of the Cardinals' broadcast team from 1991 until 2007. The younger Buck is currently the lead play-by-play caller for Fox Sports' national Major League Baseball and National Football League broadcasts. Opening Day payrolls for 25-man roster (since 2000): St. Louis Cardinals The St. Louis Cardinals are an American professional baseball team based in St. Louis, Missouri. The Cardinals compete in Major League Baseball (MLB) as a member club of the National League (NL) Central division. Busch Stadium has been their home ballpark since 2006. One", "Title: Steve Wilks Content: previous offseason before they eventually hired Sean McVay. Wilks interviewed with the New York Giants who had hired his former boss in Carolina, ex-Panthers general manager David Gettleman. On January 22, 2018, the Arizona Cardinals hired Steve Wilks to be the next head coach of the Arizona Cardinals, replacing the recently retired Bruce Arians. In the 2018 season opener against the Washington Redskins, Wilks made his head coaching debut in the 24–6 loss. NFL head coaches under whom Steve Wilks has served: Steve Wilks Steven Bernard Wilks (born August 8, 1969) is an American football coach and former player who", "Title: 2012 St. Louis Cardinals season Content: on as the pitching coach for the 17th year as he was the only coach under contract, with third-base coach Jose Oquendo, hitting coach and former Cardinals slugger Mark McGwire, and bullpen coach Derek Lilliquist. 50-year-old Mike Aldrete moved from assistant hitting coach to bench coach. Chris Maloney also 50 years of age, moved from manager of the AAA Memphis Redbirds of the Pacific Coast League to first-base coach in St. Louis; his first time on a major league staff. Former bench coach Joe Pettini and first-base coach Dave McKay moved to other roles in baseball operations for the team." ]

[ "Hal McRae", "José Oquendo", "Dave McKay", "Dave Duncan", "Marty Mason", "Joe Pettini" ]

[ "Title: Dawood Ibrahim Content: Dawood Ibrahim Dawood Ibrahim Kaskar (; born 27 December 1955) is a Mumbai underworld criminal mobster, drug dealer, and designated terrorist, originally from Dongri in Mumbai, India. He currently resides in Karachi and heads the Indian organised crime syndicate D-Company which he founded in Mumbai in the 1970s. Dawood is wanted on the charges of murder, extortion, targeted killing, drug trafficking, terrorism and various other cases. He was designated as a global terrorist in 2003 with the head money of US$25 million. In 2011, he was named number three on The World's 10 Most Wanted Fugitives by the FBI and", "Title: Dawood Ibrahim Content: Forbes. Dawood Ibrahim was born on 27 December 1955 in a Konkani Muslim family in Ratnagiri district in Maharashtra, India. His father, Ibrahim Kaskar, worked as a head constable with the Mumbai Police and his mother, Amina, was a housewife. He lived in the Temkar Mohalla area of Dongri, attended Ahmed Sailor High School from which he dropped out. He grew up in the Dongri locality of Mumbai, which was when he came in contact with the gang of mobster Haji Mastan, after the latter attacked two of Ibrahim's men. Ibrahim, with his brother Shabir Ibrahim Kaskar formed the D-Company.", "Title: Saad Eddin Ibrahim Content: Saad Eddin Ibrahim Saad Eddin Ibrahim (, ) (born 31 December 1938) is an Egyptian American sociologist and author. He is one of Egypt's leading human rights and democracy activists, and a strong critic of former Egyptian president Hosni Mubarak. Born in Bedeen, Mansoura, Egypt, Ibrahim is credited for playing a leading role in the revival of Egypt's contemporary research-based civil society movement. For most of his professional career Saad Eddin Ibrahim was a professor of sociology at the American University in Cairo. He is the founder of both the Ibn Khaldun Center for Development Studies in Cairo and the", "Title: Ibrahim-al-Ibrahim Mosque Content: Ibrahim-al-Ibrahim Mosque The Ibrahim-al-Ibrahim Mosque, also known as the King Fahd bin Abdulaziz al-Saud Mosque or the Mosque of the Custodian of the Two Holy Mosques, is a mosque located at Europa Point in the British overseas territory of Gibraltar, a peninsula connected to southern Spain. The mosque faces south towards the Strait of Gibraltar and Morocco several kilometres away. The building was a gift from King Fahd of Saudi Arabia and took two years to build at a cost of around £5 million. It was officially inaugurated on 8 August 1997. It is the southernmost mosque in continental Europe,", "Title: Saad Eddin Ibrahim Content: warmly by friends, family and supporters at Cairo Airport. In view of persistent reports of the failing health of Hosni Mubarak, growing tensions over presidential succession in Egypt and then upcoming October, 2010 elections for the Majlis al-Sha'ab (People's Assembly), supporters of Ibrahim were concerned about his safety. As of summer 2012 Ibrahim was living in Cairo and running the Ibn Khaldun Center. Saad Eddin Ibrahim Saad Eddin Ibrahim (, ) (born 31 December 1938) is an Egyptian American sociologist and author. He is one of Egypt's leading human rights and democracy activists, and a strong critic of former Egyptian", "Title: Jaffa Gate Content: tradition the burial site of Ibrahim/Abraham is in Hebron, the Arabic name of the city is El-Khalil, so the Arabic name for the Jaffa Gate translates as \"Hebron Gate\". In medieval times the Arabs used to call this gate \"Bab Mihrab Dawud\", or \"Gate of David's Chamber or Sanctuary\", out of the belief that the room atop the Herodian tower stump represented the \"private chamber\" or \"prayer room\" of Prophet Dawud, which is specifically mentioned in the Koran (Surah 38. Sad, Ayah 21). Prophet Dawud is how King David is known in Islam. The Crusaders, who rebuilt the citadel to", "Title: Search for Dawood Ibrahim Content: Search for Dawood Ibrahim Dawood Ibrahim, the founder and leader of D-Company, went into hiding following the 1993 Bombay bombings, that he coordinated, to avoid capture by India for his role in it. He has been on The World's 10 Most Wanted list since 2010, and third in the list, and is designated a \"global terrorist\". Many attempts have been made to locate Ibrahim by the Indian intelligence agencies, Research and Analysis Wing and Intelligence Bureau (IB), ever since he went into hiding. His location has been frequently traced to Karachi, Pakistan, a claim which the Pakistani authorities have frequently", "Title: Ibrahim El Batout Content: East region and the complex relationships of its nations. Ibrahim El Batout Ibrahim El Batout () is an Egyptian filmmaker, based in Cairo, Egypt. Born in Port Said on 20 September 1963. He has worked as a director, producer and cameraman capturing stories mainly about human loss, suffering, and displacement since 1987. He has directed numerous documentaries for international TV channels, such as ZDF, TBS, and ARTE. His documentary work has been honored by the Rory Peck Trust (2003), and has received the Axel Springer Award in Germany (1994 and 2000). As well as that his drama \"Ein Shams\" took", "Title: Jawdat Ibrahim Content: Jawdat Ibrahim Jawdat Ibrahim (, ) is an Israeli Arab millionaire who has established a fund that gives scholarships to both Arab and Jewish university students, and has hosted informal peace talks between Israeli and Palestinian National Authority leaders at his popular Abu Ghosh restaurant. Ibrahim lived in Chicago for six years, but returned to Israel in 1992 after winning USD $17.5 million in the Illinois State Lottery. In 2010, Ibrahim funded a project to reclaim the Guinness World Record for the world's largest hummus from Lebanon in the Israeli Arab town of Abu Ghosh. The world record breaking hummus", "Title: Jawdat Ibrahim Content: weighed 4,090 kg. The new record was described by Israel's Army Radio as the Third Lebanon War. Jawdat Ibrahim Jawdat Ibrahim (, ) is an Israeli Arab millionaire who has established a fund that gives scholarships to both Arab and Jewish university students, and has hosted informal peace talks between Israeli and Palestinian National Authority leaders at his popular Abu Ghosh restaurant. Ibrahim lived in Chicago for six years, but returned to Israel in 1992 after winning USD $17.5 million in the Illinois State Lottery. In 2010, Ibrahim funded a project to reclaim the Guinness World Record for the world's" ]

[ "Maharashtra" ]

[ "Title: Turkey Content: Turkey Turkey ( ), officially the Republic of Turkey ( ), is a transcontinental country located mainly in Western Asia, with a smaller portion on the Balkan peninsula in Southeast Europe. East Thrace, located in Europe, is separated from Anatolia by the Sea of Marmara, the Bosphorous strait and the Dardanelles (collectively called the Turkish Straits). Turkey is bordered by Greece and Bulgaria to its northwest; Georgia to its northeast; Armenia, the Azerbaijani exclave of Nakhchivan and Iran to the east; and Iraq and Syria to the south. Ankara is its capital but Istanbul is the country's largest city. Approximately", "Title: Mediterranean Region, Turkey Content: coast, with hot, dry summers and mild to cool, wet winters and a semi-arid continental climate in the interior with hot, dry summers and cold, snowy winters. Mediterranean Region, Turkey The Mediterranean Region () is a geographical region of Turkey. It is bordered by the Aegean Region to the west, the Central Anatolia Region to the north, the Eastern Anatolia Region to the northeast, the Southeastern Anatolia Region to the east, Syria to the southeast, and the Mediterranean Sea to the south. Provinces that are entirely in the Mediterranean Region: Provinces that are mostly in the Mediterranean Region: Provinces that", "Title: Geography of Turkey Content: Geography of Turkey Turkey is situated in Anatolia (97%) and the Balkans (3%), bordering the Black Sea, between Bulgaria and Georgia, and bordering the Aegean Sea and the Mediterranean Sea, between Greece and Syria. The geographic coordinates of the country lie at: The area of Turkey is ; \"land:\" , \"water:\" . Turkey extends more than from west to east but generally less than from north to south. The total area (of about ) consists of about in Western Asia (Anatolia) and about in Southeastern Europe (Thrace). Anatolia () is a large, roughly rectangular peninsula, situated In Asia. The Anatolian", "Title: Geography of Turkey Content: is separated from Anatolia (the Asian portion of Turkey) by the Bosphorus (), the Sea of Marmara (), and the Dardanelles (); which collectively form the strategic Turkish Straits that link the Aegean Sea with the Black Sea. Mount Ararat, Turkey's tallest mountain with an elevation of , is the legendary landing place of Noah's Ark and is located in the far eastern portion of the country. Land boundaries: \"border countries:\" Greece , Bulgaria , Georgia , Armenia , Nakhchivan (Azerbaijan) , Iran , Iraq , Syria . Coastline: \"Maritime claims:\" \"exclusive economic zone:\" in the Black Sea only: to", "Title: Health in Turkey Content: in Southeastern Europe (Thrace) and the remainder in Southwestern Asia (Anatolia or Asia Minor). Turkey has borders with Greece, Bulgaria in the Thrace and Syria, Iraq, Iran, Georgia, Armenia, and Nahcivan (Azerbaijan) in the south and east Anatolia that is also called Asia Minor. The shape of the country resembles a rectangle, stretching in the eastwest direction for approximately 1,565 kilometers and in the north-south direction for nearly 650 kilometers. The three sides of Turkey are surrounded by seas: in the north, the Black Sea; in the northwest, the Sea of Marmara; in the west, the Aegean Sea; and in", "Title: Geography of Turkey Content: dumping of chemicals and detergents; air pollution, particularly in urban areas; deforestation; concern for oil spills from increasing Bosphorus ship traffic. Air Pollution, Antarctic Treaty, Biodiversity, Desertification, Endangered Species, Hazardous Wastes, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution, Wetlands. Environmental Modification. Geology: Geography of Turkey Turkey is situated in Anatolia (97%) and the Balkans (3%), bordering the Black Sea, between Bulgaria and Georgia, and bordering the Aegean Sea and the Mediterranean Sea, between Greece and Syria. The geographic coordinates of the country lie at: The area of Turkey is ; \"land:\" , \"water:\" . Turkey extends more than from west to east", "Title: Turkey Content: at , and Lake Van, the largest lake in the country. Southeastern Turkey is located within the northern plains of Upper Mesopotamia. Turkey is divided into seven geographical regions: Marmara, Aegean, Black Sea, Central Anatolia, Eastern Anatolia, Southeastern Anatolia and the Mediterranean. The uneven north Anatolian terrain running along the Black Sea resembles a long, narrow belt. This region comprises approximately one-sixth of Turkey's total land area. As a general trend, the inland Anatolian plateau becomes increasingly rugged as it progresses eastward. Turkey's varied landscapes are the product of complex earth movements that have shaped the region over thousands of", "Title: Geography of Turkey Content: climate, location, flora and fauna, human habitat, agricultural diversities, transportation, topography, etc. At the end, 4 coastal regions and 3 inner regions were named according to their proximity to the four seas surrounding Turkey, and their positions in Anatolia. Distinct contrasts between the interior and the coastal areas of Turkey are manifested in landform regions, climate, soils, and vegetation. The coastal areas are divided into the Black Sea region, the Marmara region, the Aegean region, and the Mediterranean region. The interior areas are divided into three regions: Central Anatolia, Eastern Anatolia and Southeastern Anatolia. The Black Sea region has a", "Title: Turkey Content: assisted Peshmerga forces in northern Iraq and the Somali Armed Forces with security and training. Turkish Armed Forces have overseas military bases in Albania, Iraq, Qatar, and Somalia. In the 2016 Global Peace Index, Turkey ranked 145th out of 163 countries in the world, mainly because of its \"increasingly strained relations with its neighbors\", according to Forbes. Turkey is a transcontinental Eurasian country. Asian Turkey, which includes 97 percent of the country, is separated from European Turkey by the Bosphorus, the Sea of Marmara, and the Dardanelles. European Turkey comprises 3 percent of the country's territory.The territory of Turkey is", "Title: Eastern Anatolia Region Content: Eastern Anatolia Region The Eastern Anatolia Region () is a geographical region of Turkey. The region and the name \"Doğu Anadolu Bölgesi\" were defined at the First Geography Congress in 1941. It has the highest average altitude, largest geographical area, and lowest population density of all regions of Turkey. Prior to getting its current name from the Turkish state, most of the region was part of the Six Armenian provinces in the region known as the Armenian Highlands. After the Armenian Genocide, the geopolitical term \"Eastern Anatolia\" was coined to replace what had historically been known as Western Armenia. Beginning" ]

[ "Southeastern Anatolia Region", "Aegean Region", "Marmara Region", "Black Sea Region", "Central Anatolia Region", "Eastern Anatolia Region", "Mediterranean Region, Turkey" ]

[ "Title: Russian culture Content: people speak Russian, followed by Tatar with 5.3 million and Ukrainian with 1.8 million speakers. Russian is the only official state language, but the Constitution gives the individual republics the right to make their native language co-official next to Russian. Despite its wide dispersal, the Russian language is homogeneous throughout Russia. Russian is the most geographically widespread language of Eurasia and the most widely spoken Slavic language. Russian belongs to the Indo-European language family and is one of the living members of the East Slavic languages; the others being Belarusian and Ukrainian (and possibly Rusyn). Written examples of Old East", "Title: Russia Content: 1.8 million speakers. Russian is the only official state language, but the Constitution gives the individual republics the right to establish their own state languages in addition to Russian. Despite its wide distribution, the Russian language is homogeneous throughout the country. Russian is the most geographically widespread language of Eurasia, as well as the most widely spoken Slavic language. It belongs to the Indo-European language family and is one of the living members of the East Slavic languages, the others being Belarusian and Ukrainian (and possibly Rusyn). Written examples of Old East Slavic (\"Old Russian\") are attested from the 10th", "Title: Russian language Content: Russian language Russian () is an East Slavic language, which is official in Russia, Belarus, Kazakhstan and Kyrgyzstan, as well as being widely spoken throughout Eastern Europe, the Baltic states, the Caucasus and Central Asia. It was the \"de facto\" language of the Soviet Union until its dissolution on 25 December 1991. Although, nowadays, over two decades after the breakup of the Soviet Union, Russian is used in official capacity or in public life in all the post-Soviet nation-states, alongside Israel and Mongolia, the rise of state-specific varieties of this language tends to be strongly denied in Russia, in line", "Title: Great Russian language Content: language was formed in the Late Middle Ages in the northern Russian principalities under heavy influence of Church Slavonic. As compared to the Great Russian, other Eastern Slavonic languages were termed one-dimensional because they lacked the stratum of \"high speech\" derived from the Church Slavonic. For political reasons, the literary Russian language evolved under the significant influence of the Moscow dialect. Great Russian language Great Russian language (Russian: Великорусский язык, \"Velikorusskiy yazyk\") is a name given in the 19th century to the Russian language as opposed to the other two major East Slavic languages: Belarusian and Ukrainian. For instance, Vladimir", "Title: Russian language Content: with the Russkiy Mir Foundation ideology Russian belongs to the family of Indo-European languages, one of the four living members of the East Slavic languages, and part of the larger Balto-Slavic branch. Written examples of Old East Slavonic are attested from the 10th century onward. It is the most widely spoken of the Slavic languages and the largest native language in Europe, with 144 million speakers in Russia, Ukraine and Belarus. Russian is the eighth most spoken language in the world by number of native speakers and the seventh by total number of speakers. The language is one of the", "Title: Great Russian language Content: Great Russian language Great Russian language (Russian: Великорусский язык, \"Velikorusskiy yazyk\") is a name given in the 19th century to the Russian language as opposed to the other two major East Slavic languages: Belarusian and Ukrainian. For instance, Vladimir Dal's monumental dictionary of the Russian language is titled \"Explanatory Dictionary of the Living Great Russian Language\". In 19th-century Imperial Russia, many scholars did not distinguish between the East Slavic languages spoken within the borders of the Russian Empire. The East Slavic languages were claimed to be mutually intelligible, a position since called into question. The Great Russian or just Russian", "Title: Russian language Content: meaning \"a lock\") and (zámok, meaning \"a castle\"), or to indicate the proper pronunciation of uncommon words or names. Russian is an East Slavic language of the wider Indo-European family. It is a lineal descendant of the language used in Kievan Rus', a loose conglomerate of East Slavic tribes from the late 9th to the mid 13th centuries. From the point of view of spoken language, its closest relatives are Ukrainian, Belarusian, and Rusyn, the other three languages in the East Slavic languages. In many places in eastern and southern Ukraine and throughout Belarus, these languages are spoken interchangeably, and", "Title: Geographical distribution of Russian speakers Content: Romanian in the autonomies of Gagauzia and Transnistria in Moldova. According to the census of 2010 in Russia Russian language skills were indicated by 138 million people (99.4% population), while according to the 2002 census - 142.6 million people (99.2% population). Among the urban residents 101 million people (99.8% population) had Russian language skills, while in rural areas - 37 million people (98.7% population). The number of native Russian speakers in 2010 was 118.6 millions or 85.7%, that was a little higher than the number of ethnic Russians (111 million, 80.9%). Russian is the official language of Russia, although it", "Title: Russian language Content: with many different meanings. \"For details, see Russian phonology and History of the Russian language.\" Over the course of centuries, the vocabulary and literary style of Russian have also been influenced by Western and Central European languages such as Greek, Latin, Polish, Dutch, German, French, Italian and English, and to a lesser extent the languages to the south and the east: Uralic, Turkic, Persian, and Arabic, as well as Hebrew. According to the Defense Language Institute in Monterey, California, Russian is classified as a level III language in terms of learning difficulty for native English speakers, requiring approximately 1,100 hours", "Title: Russian language Content: Arefyev published a new study \"Russian language at the turn of the 20th-21st centuries\", in which he confirmed his conclusion about the trend of weakening of the Russian language after the Soviet Union's collapse in various regions of the world (findings published in 2013 in the journal \"\"). In the countries of the former Soviet Union the Russian language was being replaced or used in conjunction with local languages. Currently the number speakers of Russian language in the world depends on the number of Russians in the world and total population in Russia. Russian language Russian () is an East" ]

[ "Russian Language" ]

[ "Title: Funeral of Martin Luther King Jr. Content: trip to the South View Cemetery, a burial place predominantly reserved for African Americans. His remains were exhumed in 1977 and reburied at their current location at the plaza between the King Center and Ebenezer, and his widow Coretta was buried next to him in 2006. Funeral of Martin Luther King Jr. The first memorial service following the assassination of Martin Luther King Jr. on April 4, 1968, took place the following day at the R.S. Lewis Funeral Home in Memphis, Tennessee. This was followed by two funeral services on April 9, 1968, in Atlanta, Georgia, the first held for", "Title: Martin Luther King Jr. National Historical Park Content: availability. In 1968, after King's death, Coretta Scott King founded the Martin Luther King Jr. Center for Nonviolent Social Change. Since 1981 the Center has been housed in a building that is part of the King complex located on Auburn Avenue adjacent to Ebenezer Baptist Church. In 1977, a memorial tomb was dedicated to King. His remains were moved to the tomb, on a plaza between the center and the church. King's gravesite and a reflecting pool are located next to Freedom Hall. After her death, Mrs. King was interred with her husband on February 7, 2006. An eternal flame", "Title: Coretta Scott King Content: a permanent place next to her husband's remains could be built. She had expressed to family members and others that she wanted her remains to lie next to her husband's at the King Center. On November 20, 2006, the new mausoleum containing the bodies of the Kings was unveiled in front of friends and family. The mausoleum is the third resting place of Martin Luther King and the second of Coretta Scott King. Martin often called Coretta \"Corrie,\" even when the two were still only dating. The FBI captured a dispute between the couple in the middle of 1964, where", "Title: Funeral of Martin Luther King Jr. Content: Funeral of Martin Luther King Jr. The first memorial service following the assassination of Martin Luther King Jr. on April 4, 1968, took place the following day at the R.S. Lewis Funeral Home in Memphis, Tennessee. This was followed by two funeral services on April 9, 1968, in Atlanta, Georgia, the first held for family and close friends at Ebenezer Baptist Church, where King and his father had both served as senior pastors, followed by a three-mile procession to Morehouse College, King's alma mater, for a public service. President Lyndon B. Johnson declared a national day of mourning for the", "Title: Funeral of Martin Luther King Jr. Content: lost civil rights leader on April 7. Martin Luther King Jr., a civil rights activist, Baptist preacher, and Nobel Peace Prize laureate, was assassinated on April 4, 1968, by a gunshot wound to the right side of his jaw, neck and shoulder in Memphis, Tennessee, where he had been leading a strike of waste management workers. The news of the murder sent shockwaves of emotion in many African American communities in a number of cities, resulting in deadly riots between the day of the murder and the day of the funeral. A state funeral or lying in state was refused", "Title: Death and funeral of Coretta Scott King Content: Death and funeral of Coretta Scott King On January 30, 2006, Coretta Scott King, the widow of civil rights leader Martin Luther King, Jr., died after arriving at a rehabilitation center in Rosarito Beach, Mexico. Her public funeral followed eight days later at the New Birth Missionary Baptist Church in her resident state of Georgia. In keeping with her personal wishes, King was buried next to her husband in a crypt on the grounds of the King Center for Nonviolent Social Change. Mrs. King suffered strokes throughout the year 2005, and had different brushes with diseases, including a mild heart", "Title: Assassination of Martin Luther King Jr. Content: 40,000 in a silent march through the streets of Memphis to honor the fallen leader and support the cause of the city's black sanitation workers. The next day, funeral rites for King were held in his hometown of Atlanta, Georgia. The service at Ebenezer Baptist Church was nationally televised, as were these other events. A funeral procession transported King's body for 3.5 miles through the streets of Atlanta, followed by more than 100,000 mourners, from the church to his alma mater of Morehouse College. A second service was held there before the burial. In the wake of King's assassination, journalists", "Title: Martin Luther King Jr. Memorial Content: Martin Luther King Jr. Memorial The Martin Luther King Jr. Memorial is located in West Potomac Park next to the National Mall in Washington, D.C., United States. It covers four acres and includes the Stone of Hope, a granite statue of Civil Rights Movement leader Martin Luther King carved by sculptor Lei Yixin. The inspiration for the memorial design is a line from King's \"I Have A Dream\" speech: \"Out of the mountain of despair, a stone of hope.\" The memorial opened to the public on August 22, 2011, after more than two decades of planning, fund-raising, and construction. This", "Title: Death and funeral of Coretta Scott King Content: in order to attend the funeral. Numerous other prominent political and civil rights leaders, including then-U.S. senator Barack Obama, attended the televised service. Mrs. King was interred in a temporary mausoleum on the grounds of the King Center until a permanent place next to her husband's remains could be built. She had expressed to family members and others that she wanted her remains to lie next to her husband's at the King Center. On November 20, 2006, the new mausoleum containing both the bodies of Dr. and Mrs. King was unveiled in front of friends and family. It is the", "Title: Martin Luther King Jr. Content: cities and states beginning in 1971; the holiday was enacted at the federal level by legislation signed by President Ronald Reagan in 1986. Hundreds of streets in the U.S. have been renamed in his honor, and a county in Washington State was also rededicated for him. The Martin Luther King Jr. Memorial on the National Mall in Washington, D.C., was dedicated in 2011. King was born on January 15, 1929, in Atlanta, Georgia, to the Reverend Martin Luther King Sr. and Alberta Williams King. King's legal name at birth was Michael King, and his father was also born Michael King," ]

[ "Martin Luther King, Jr., National Historic Site" ]

[ "Title: Argentina Content: launched a program to encourage illegal immigrants to declare their status in return for two-year residence visas—so far over 670,000 applications have been processed under the program. The \"de facto\" official language is Spanish, spoken by almost all Argentines. The country is the largest Spanish-speaking society that universally employs \"voseo\", the use of the pronoun \"vos\" instead of \"tú\" (\"you\"), which imposes the use of alternative verb forms as well. Due to the extensive Argentine geography, Spanish has a strong variation among regions, although the prevalent dialect is \"Rioplatense\", primarily spoken in the La Plata Basin and accented similarly to", "Title: Languages of Argentina Content: Languages of Argentina At least 40 spoken languages are spoken in Argentina. They include indigenous and immigrant languages, with Spanish being dominant. Some are endangered, spoken by elderly people whose descendants do not speak the languages. There is evidence of some now extinct languages. Argentina is predominantly a Spanish-speaking country — the fourth largest after Mexico, Spain, and Colombia (according to a compilation of national census figures and United Nations estimates, see List of countries with Spanish-speaking populations). Based on the 2010 national census and supporting research, there are about 40.9 million Spanish speakers in Argentina (almost the entire population).", "Title: Constitution of Argentina Content: titles and \"all its inhabitants are equal before the law\" According to the Constitution, Argentina is a representative federal republic, divided in provinces, municipalities, and the Autonomous City of Buenos Aires. Each province has the right and duty to dictate its own constitution, respecting the same principles as the national constitution. The Constitution mandates a strict separation of government powers, into three branches (Executive, Legislative, and Judicial) and the Public Ministry. The Executive Branch is formed by the President, who is both head of state, as well as chief executive and head of government. (Art. 87). The Vice-President replaces the", "Title: Spanish language Content: in Hispanic America; of all countries with a majority of Spanish speakers, only Spain and Equatorial Guinea are outside the Americas. Nationally, Spanish is the official language—either \"de facto\" or \"de jure\"—of Argentina, Bolivia (co-official with Quechua, Aymara, Guarani, and 34 other languages), Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, Cuba, Dominican Republic, Ecuador, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, Mexico (co-official with 63 indigenous languages), Nicaragua, Panama, Paraguay (co-official with Guaraní), Peru (co-official with Quechua, Aymara, and \"the other indigenous languages\"), Puerto Rico (co-official with English), Uruguay, and Venezuela. Spanish has no official recognition in the former British colony of Belize; however, per the", "Title: Italian Argentines Content: of returnees, a positive or negative correlation between region of origin and of destination can be proposed. Southern Italians indicate a more permanent settlement. The authors conclude that the Argentinian society in its Italian component is the result of Southern rather than Northern influences. According to Ethnologue, Argentina has more than 1,500,000 Italian speakers, making it the third most spoken language in the nation (after Spanish and English). In spite of the great many Italian immigrants, the Italian language never truly took hold in Argentina, in part because at the time, the great majority of Italians spoke specifically their regional", "Title: Argentines Content: Argentines, the spoken languages of Argentina number at least 40. Languages spoken by at least 100,000 Argentines include Amerindian languages such as Southern Quechua, Guaraní and Mapudungun, and immigrant languages such as German, Italian, or Levantine Arabic. Two native languages are extinct (Abipón and Chané), while some others are endangered, spoken by elderly people whose descendants do not speak the languages (such as Vilela, Puelche, Tehuelche and Selknam). There are also other communities of immigrants that speak their native languages, such as the Chinese language spoken by at least half of the over 60,000 Chinese immigrants (mostly in Buenos Aires)", "Title: Languages in censuses Content: all Argentines. The country is the largest Spanish-speaking society that universally employs \"voseo\", the use of the pronoun \"vos\" instead of \"tú\" (\"you\"), which imposes the use of alternate verb forms as well. Due to the extensive Argentine geography, Spanish has a strong variation among regions, although the prevalent dialect is \"Rioplatense\", primarily spoken in the La Plata Basin and accented similarly to Neapolitan language. Italian and other European immigrants influenced \"Lunfardo\"—the regional slang—permeating the vernacular vocabulary of other Latin American countries as well. There are several second-languages in widespread use among the Argentine population: Armenian is the only official", "Title: Southern Cone Content: Sul, adopted Guarani as the official language, besides Portuguese. It is also a co-official language in the northeastern Argentine provinces of Corrientes and Misiones. English is spoken in the Falkland Islands, a British Overseas Territory. Welsh is spoken by descendants of immigrants in the Patagonia region of Argentina. Italian (mostly its Northern dialects, such as Venetian), is spoken in rural communities across Argentina and São Paulo where immigrants had settled. German in some dialects is mostly spoken in Southern Chile and Southern Brazil. German dialects are the second most spoken mother tongue in Brazil. Polish, Dutch and Ukrainian are also", "Title: Culture of Argentina Content: language is also known as Central Bolivian Quechua, which has six dialects. It is classified as a Quechua II language, and is referred to as Quechua IIC by linguists. Guaraní is also spoken, mainly in the Mesopotamia, and is an official language in the province of Corrientes. Argentina has a detailed literary history, as well as one of the region's most active publishing industries. Argentine writers have figured prominently in Latin American literature, since becoming a fully united entity in the 1850s, with a strong constitution and a defined nation-building plan. The struggle between the Federalists (who favored a loose", "Title: Latin Americans Content: co-official with Spanish in the Argentine province of Corrientes. In Nicaragua, Spanish is the official language, but on the country's Caribbean coast English and indigenous languages such as Miskito, Sumo, and Rama also hold official status. Colombia recognizes all indigenous languages spoken within its territory as official, though fewer than 1% of its population are native speakers of these. Nahuatl is one of the 62 native languages spoken by indigenous people in Mexico, which are officially recognized by the government as \"national languages\" along with Spanish. Other European languages spoken in Latin America include: English, by some groups in Argentina," ]

[ "Yiddish Language", "Italian Language", "Spanish Language" ]

[ "Title: Cardiff Content: Cardiff Cardiff (; ) is the capital of Wales, and its largest city. It is Wales's chief commercial centre and the eleventh-largest city in the United Kingdom. It is the base for most national cultural institutions and Welsh media, and the seat of the National Assembly for Wales. The unitary authority area's 2017 population was estimated to be 362,756. Cardiff is a significant tourist centre and the most popular visitor destination in Wales with 21.3 million visitors in 2017. In 2011, Cardiff was ranked sixth in the world in National Geographic's alternative tourist destinations. Cardiff is the county town of", "Title: Wales, Alaska Content: Wales, Alaska Wales (, ) is a city in the Nome Census Area, Alaska, United States. At the 2010 census the population was 145, down from 152 in 2000. It is the westernmost city on mainland North America. The westernmost city in Alaska, however, is Adak, located on Adak Island, in the Aleutians West Census Area. Wales Airport serves Wales with flights on Bering Air and Ravn Alaska to Nome. A burial mound from the Birnirk culture (A.D. 500 to 900) was discovered near Wales and is now a National Historic Landmark. In 1827, a Russian Navy report listed the", "Title: Lake Wales, Florida Content: Lake Wales, Florida Lake Wales is a city in Polk County, Florida, United States. The population was 14,225 at the 2010 census. , the population estimated by the U.S. Census Bureau is 15,140. It is part of the Lakeland–Winter Haven Metropolitan Statistical Area. Lake Wales is located in central Florida, west of Lake Kissimmee and east of Tampa. The land around the present city was surveyed in 1879 by Sidney Irving Wailes, who changed the name of a lake, then known as Watts Lake, to Lake Wailes. The city of Lake Wales was established near the lake in 1911–12, planned", "Title: City, Powys Content: Houses\". There is another place in Wales called City, in the Vale of Glamorgan, as well as City Dulas in Anglesey. City, Powys City is a hamlet in Powys, Wales. City is from the small village of Sarn (which is situated on the A489 road) and is on the slopes up to the Clun Forest and the English border, which is only to the southeast. The hamlet is situated in a small valley, at an elevation of between to above sea level. City is just off the minor road that leads from Sarn up to the Kerry Ridgeway and further", "Title: City, Vale of Glamorgan Content: Inn, but it has now closed down. There is a village hall. City, Vale of Glamorgan City is a small village in the Vale of Glamorgan, Wales, United Kingdom. It is quite near to the town of Cowbridge. The village has never held the status of a city and \"City\" is not a recognisable Welsh word, so its origin is unclear. There is local speculation that the name came from an Anglicisation of \"Saith Tŷ\", which is Welsh for \"Seven Houses\". There is another place in Wales called City, in Montgomeryshire, as well as City Dulas in Anglesey. The village", "Title: City Road, Cardiff Content: City Road, Cardiff City Road () is a commercial thoroughfare in the Plasnewydd area of Cardiff, Wales. The B4261 road runs the entire length of City Road roughly in a south easterly direction from the junction of Crwys Road (A469 road) at the northern point (known as \"Death Junction\"), to its meeting point with Newport Road (A4161 road) in the south. It had its own television series, broadcast on BBC Wales. City Road was originally known as Plwcca Lane (). Plwcca meaning dirty, wet, uncultivated land. Alai meaning an alley. In 1830 Plwcca Lane consisted of Roath Castle and six", "Title: European route E30 Content: (not Llanelli, additionally at Barry), and handles over 12 million tonnes of freight each year, contributing over £1.5billion to the economy. This has been developed thanks to the historic development of infrastructure relating to the South Wales Valleys mining industry in the 20th Century, which has since declined in recent decades with the rising imports of foreign oil. This can be shown in the closure of South Wales' last deep mine in 1994. Cardiff is the capital city of Wales and serves as Wales centre for governance, business and culture. The devolved government of Wales is housed in Cardiff Bay.", "Title: Lake Wales City Hall Content: Lake Wales City Hall The Lake Wales City Hall is a historic site in Lake Wales, Florida. It is located at 152 East Central Avenue. On August 31, 1990, it was added to the U.S. National Register of Historic Places. In 2007, Polk Community College began a $3.6 million renovation of the historic structure, converting it into a modern academic center. When complete in 2009 the building will be outfitted with a 50-seat Student Success Center, one 30-seat computer classroom, four 30-seat general classrooms and a 30-seat classroom/community room, which could be used as a meeting room for local civic", "Title: Wales Content: Wales Wales ( ) is a country that is part of the United Kingdom and the island of Great Britain. It is bordered by England to the east, the Irish Sea to the north and west, and the Bristol Channel to the south. It had a population in 2011 of 3,063,456 and has a total area of . Wales has over of coastline and is largely mountainous, with its higher peaks in the north and central areas, including Snowdon (), its highest summit. The country lies within the north temperate zone and has a changeable, maritime climate. Welsh national identity", "Title: Geography of Wales Content: 3,092,000; Cardiff is the capital and largest city and is situated in the urbanised area of South East Wales. Wales has a complex geological history which has left it a largely mountainous country. The coastal plain is narrow in the north and west of the country but wider in the south, where the Vale of Glamorgan has some of the best agricultural land. Exploitation of the South Wales Coalfield during the Industrial Revolution resulted in the development of an urban economy in the South Wales Valleys, and the expansion of the port cities of Newport, Cardiff and Swansea for the" ]

[ "United Kingdom, with Dependencies and Territories", "United Kingdom" ]

[ "Title: Rafael Nadal Content: at age 24. He is the second male player, after Andre Agassi, to complete the singles Career Golden Slam. In 2011, Nadal was named the Laureus World Sportsman of the Year. Rafael Nadal was born in Manacor, a town on the island of Mallorca in the Balearic Islands, Spain to parents Ana María Parera and Sebastián Nadal. His father is a businessman, owner of an insurance company, glass and window company Vidres Mallorca, and the restaurant, Sa Punta. Rafael has a younger sister, María Isabel. His uncle, Miguel Ángel Nadal, is a retired professional footballer, who played for RCD Mallorca,", "Title: Balearic Islands Content: Founded in 1916, it is the oldest club in the islands, and won its only Copa del Rey title in 2003 and was the runner-up in the 1999 European Cup Winners' Cup. Tennis player Rafael Nadal, winner of 17 Grand Slam single titles, and former world no. 1 tennis player Carlos Moyá are both from Majorca. Rafael Nadal's uncle, Miguel Ángel Nadal, is a former Spanish international footballer. Other famous sportsmen include basketball player Rudy Fernández and motorcycle road racer Jorge Lorenzo, who won the 2010, 2012 and 2015 MotoGP World Championships. Whale watching is also expected for expanding future", "Title: Tennis in Spain Content: clay, grass, and hardcourt. In addition, Nadal is the men's singles Gold Medalist at the 2008 Summer Olympics in Beijing, China and men's doubles gold medalist at the 2016 Rio de Janeiro Summer Olympics. In 2010, 2013 and 2017, he won the U.S. Open. He currently has seventeen Grand Slam titles to his name: eleven French Open titles, two Wimbledon titles, three US Open titles, and one Australian Open title, making him second only to Roger Federer, who has won 20 major titles. Spain has produced several other world number one players; Arantxa Sánchez Vicario in 1995 (a three-time French", "Title: Rafael Nadal career statistics Content: team which played in Argentina, being David Ferrer, Marcel Granollers, Feliciano López and Fernando Verdasco. Held as Hamburg Masters (clay) until 2008, Madrid Open (clay) 2009–present.<br> Rafael Nadal career statistics This is a list of the main career statistics of professional tennis player Rafael Nadal. Nadal won five straight French Open singles titles from 2010 to 2014 to become the only player in this event to win five consecutive single titles. Earlier he had captured four straight French Open singles titles from 2005 to 2008 joining Paul Aymé and Björn Borg as the third man to have won four consecutive", "Title: Rafael Nadal Content: Rafael Nadal Rafael Nadal Parera (, ; born 3 June 1986) is a Spanish professional tennis player, currently world No. 2 in men's singles tennis by the Association of Tennis Professionals (ATP). Nadal has won 17 Grand Slam singles titles, the second most in history for a male player, as well as a record 33 ATP World Tour Masters 1000 titles, 20 ATP World Tour 500 tournaments, and the 2008 Olympic gold medal in singles. In addition, Nadal has held the number one ranking for a total of 196 weeks. In majors, Nadal has won a record 11 French Open", "Title: Rafael Nadal Content: /> Rafael Nadal Rafael Nadal Parera (, ; born 3 June 1986) is a Spanish professional tennis player, currently world No. 2 in men's singles tennis by the Association of Tennis Professionals (ATP). Nadal has won 17 Grand Slam singles titles, the second most in history for a male player, as well as a record 33 ATP World Tour Masters 1000 titles, 20 ATP World Tour 500 tournaments, and the 2008 Olympic gold medal in singles. In addition, Nadal has held the number one ranking for a total of 196 weeks. In majors, Nadal has won a record 11 French", "Title: Tennis in Spain Content: 1998) Rafael Nadal is considered the greatest Spanish tennis player of all time. He has won the French Open a record eleven times, winning four consecutive French Open titles from 2005-2008 along with five consecutive French Open titles from 2010-2014 and another title in 2017 and 2018. After defeating then world number #1 Roger Federer in 2008, Nadal claimed the Wimbledon trophy and became only the second Spaniard to do so. He also won the 2009 Australian Open, the first male Spaniard to do so. In 2009, he became the first player ever to simultaneously hold Grand Slam titles on", "Title: Miguel Ángel Nadal Content: chances of reaching the finals in Sweden). He went on to appear with the country in three FIFA World Cups. Additionally, Nadal missed a penalty at Wembley Stadium against England, in a Euro 1996 shootout loss. After appearing in four complete matches at the 2002 World Cup, at almost 36, he retired from the international scene. Nadal is the paternal uncle of professional tennis player Rafael Nadal, whilst his brother Toni was Rafael's coach. Barcelona Mallorca Miguel Ángel Nadal Miguel Ángel Nadal Homar (; born 28 July 1966) is a Spanish retired footballer. Nicknamed \"The Beast\", he based his game", "Title: Rafael Nadal Content: Nadal to play left-handed for a natural advantage on the tennis court, as he noticed Nadal played forehand shots with two hands. At age 12, Nadal won the Spanish and European tennis titles in his age group, while also playing football full-time. Nadal's father made him choose between football and tennis so that his school work would not deteriorate entirely. Nadal said: \"I chose tennis. Football had to stop straight away.\" When he was 14, the Spanish tennis federation requested that Nadal leave Mallorca and move to Barcelona to continue his tennis training. His family turned down this request, partly", "Title: Rafael Nadal Content: organization and father Sebastian is vice-chairman. Coach and uncle Toni Nadal and his agent, former tennis player Carlos Costa, are also involved. Roger Federer has given Nadal advice on getting involved in philanthropy. Despite the fact that poverty in India struck him particularly hard, Nadal wants to start by helping \"people close by, in the Balearic Islands, in Spain, and then, if possible, abroad\". On 16 October 2010, Nadal traveled to India for the first time to visit his tennis academy for underprivileged children at Anantapur Sports Village, in the Anantapur City, Andhra Pradesh. His foundation has also worked in" ]

[ "Spain" ]

[ "Title: Islam Content: Islam Islam () is an Abrahamic monotheistic religion which teaches that there is only one God (Allah), and that Muhammad is the messenger of God. It is the world's second-largest religion with over 1.8 billion followers or 24.1% of the world's population, most commonly known as Muslims. Muslims make up a majority of the population in 50 countries. Islam teaches that God is merciful, all-powerful, unique and has guided humankind through prophets, revealed scriptures and natural signs. The primary scriptures of Islam are the Quran, viewed by Muslims as the verbatim word of God, and the teachings and normative example", "Title: Muslim Content: Muslim A Muslim () is someone who follows or practices Islam, a monotheistic Abrahamic religion. Muslims consider the Quran, their holy book, to be the verbatim word of God as revealed to the Islamic prophet and messenger Muhammad. The majority of Muslims also follow the teachings and practices of Muhammad (\"sunnah\") as recorded in traditional accounts (\"hadith\"). \"Muslim\" is an Arabic word meaning \"submitter\" (to God). The beliefs of Muslims include: that God ( \"\") is eternal, transcendent and absolutely one (\"tawhid\"); that God is incomparable, self-sustaining and neither begets nor was begotten; that Islam is the complete and universal", "Title: Islam Content: immigrants in the West to assimilate has been criticized. Islam Islam () is an Abrahamic monotheistic religion which teaches that there is only one God (Allah), and that Muhammad is the messenger of God. It is the world's second-largest religion with over 1.8 billion followers or 24.1% of the world's population, most commonly known as Muslims. Muslims make up a majority of the population in 50 countries. Islam teaches that God is merciful, all-powerful, unique and has guided humankind through prophets, revealed scriptures and natural signs. The primary scriptures of Islam are the Quran, viewed by Muslims as the verbatim", "Title: Islam Content: (called the \"sunnah\", composed of accounts called \"hadith\") of Muhammad ( 570–8 June 632 CE). Muslims believe that Islam is the complete and universal version of a primordial faith that was revealed many times before through prophets including Adam, Abraham, Moses and Jesus. Muslims consider the Quran to be the unaltered and final revelation of God. Like other Abrahamic religions, Islam also teaches a final judgment with the righteous rewarded paradise and unrighteous punished in hell. Religious concepts and practices include the Five Pillars of Islam, which are obligatory acts of worship, and following Islamic law (\"sharia\"), which touches on", "Title: Hinduism and other religions Content: and medieval times. Islam is a strictly monotheistic religion in which the supreme deity is Allah ( : see God in Islam), the last Islamic prophet being Muhammad ibn Abdullah, whom Muslims believe delivered the Islamic scripture, the Qur'an. Hinduism mostly shares common terms with the other Indian religions, including Buddhism, Jainism and Sikhism. Islam shares common characteristics with Abrahamic religions–those religions claiming descent from the prophet Abraham–being, from oldest to youngest, Judaism, Christianity, Islam. The Qur'an is the primary Islamic scripture. Muslims believe it to be the verbatim, uncreated word of Allah. Second to this in religious authority, and", "Title: Abrahamic religions Content: foundational beliefs and thus conceals crucial differences. For example, the common Christian beliefs of Incarnation, Trinity and the resurrection of Jesus are not accepted by Judaism or Islam (see for example Islamic view of Jesus' death). There are key beliefs in both Islam and Judaism that are not shared by most of Christianity (such as strict monotheism and adherence to Divine Law), and key beliefs of Islam, Christianity, and the Bahá'í Faith not shared by Judaism (such as the prophetic and Messianic position of Jesus, respectively). The appropriateness of grouping Judaism, Christianity, and Islam by the terms \"Abrahamic religions\" or", "Title: Islam Content: the theological concept of Islam that exists within that system. Faith (Iman) in the Islamic creed (Aqidah) is often represented as the six articles of faith, notably spelled out in the Hadith of Gabriel. Islam is often seen as having the simplest doctrines of the major religions. Its most fundamental concept is a rigorous monotheism, called tawḥīd (). God is described in chapter 112 of the Quran as: \"Say, He is God, the One and Only; God, the Eternal, Absolute; He begetteth not, nor is He begotten; And there is none like unto Him\" (). Muslims repudiate polytheism and idolatry,", "Title: Religion in the Middle East Content: for all other religions and beliefs in the world. Islam is the most widely followed religion in the Middle East. About 20% of the world's Muslims live in the Middle East. Islam is monotheistic believing in Allah and follows the teaching of the written sacred text, the Qur'an. Islam is believed to be an extension of Judaism and Christianity with the belief that Muhammad is the final prophet of God, in a long chain of prophets, from Adam on down to John the Baptist, Jesus, and finally Muhammad. The majority of the Muslims are Sunni, followed by Shi'a. Smaller sects", "Title: Aqidah Content: not mean that Sunnis deny His justice, or Shiʿites negate His power, just that the emphasis is different. In Sunni and Shia view, having \"Iman\" literally means having belief in the six articles. \"Tawhid\" (\"doctrine of Oneness\") is the concept of monotheism in Islam. It is the religion's most fundamental concept and holds that God (Allah) is one (\"wāḥid\") and unique (\"āḥad\"), and the Only One worthy of Worship which is exactly what Jews and Christians also believe that only the Uncreated can be worshiped. A creature cannot be worshiped. This is idolatry. According to Islamic belief, Allah is the", "Title: Muslim Content: that the left hand will feed Shaitan (\"\"Satan\"\") if used to consume food, and the religion discourages eating with utensils or the left hand. Muslim A Muslim () is someone who follows or practices Islam, a monotheistic Abrahamic religion. Muslims consider the Quran, their holy book, to be the verbatim word of God as revealed to the Islamic prophet and messenger Muhammad. The majority of Muslims also follow the teachings and practices of Muhammad (\"sunnah\") as recorded in traditional accounts (\"hadith\"). \"Muslim\" is an Arabic word meaning \"submitter\" (to God). The beliefs of Muslims include: that God ( \"\") is" ]

[ "God in Islam", "Monotheism", "Predestination in Islam", "Tawhid", "Islamic view of angels", "Qiyamah", "Islamic holy books", "Masih ad-Dajjal", "Prophets in Islam" ]

[ "Title: History of Spain (1975–present) Content: with two of the Iraq War's most vocal critics, France and Germany, until those countries elected new leaders. As Zapatero had vocally supported the incumbents, he strained relationships with the new leaders. Mariano Rajoy became prime minister after his party gained a majority in the 2011 elections. His tenure has been marked by the continuation of the financial crisis and the application of harsh austerity measures and spending cuts, as well as the adoption of a new labor law reform in early 2012 which resulted in 2 general strikes that year. The eruption of a major party illegal financing scandal", "Title: Premiership of Mariano Rajoy Content: Premiership of Mariano Rajoy The premiership of Mariano Rajoy started in December 2011 and spanned until the 1st June 2018. Mariano Rajoy became Prime Minister of Spain on 20 December 2011, after his People's Party's (PP) landslide victory in the 2011 general election. The PP's overall majority of 186 seats gave Rajoy a free hand to handle the country's political and economic situation for the next four years, attaining a parliamentary stability that his predecessor, José Luis Rodríguez Zapatero, had not enjoyed. However, Rajoy's use of decree-laws and the blocking of opposition bill amendments and parliamentary committees would earn him", "Title: Prime Minister of Spain Content: Congress of Deputies. In practice, the Prime Minister is almost always the leader of the largest party in the Congress. Since current constitutional practice in Spain calls for the King to act on the advice of his ministers, the Prime Minister is the country's chief executive. Pedro Sánchez of the Spanish Socialist Workers' Party (PSOE) has been Prime Minister since 2 June, 2018, after a successful motion of no confidence against former Prime Minister Mariano Rajoy. The Spanish head of government has, since 1938, been known in Spanish as the – literally but commonly translated to \"Prime Minister\", the usual", "Title: Government of Spain Content: the defense of the State. It exercises the executive function and the regulatory regulation according to the Constitution and the laws\"\". The current prime minister is Pedro Sánchez, who took office on 2 June 2018. He is the leader of the Socialist Workers' Party, the second biggest party in the Cortes Generales. Sánchez was appointed to lead the Government through a motion of no confidence against former prime minister Mariano Rajoy, who had filled that office since 2011. This was the first election of a prime minister via motion of no confidence in Spanish history. The Government is occasionally referred", "Title: Premiership of Mariano Rajoy Content: as a result of several scandals, in favor of his son Felipe in June 2014. On the 1st June 2018, Mariano Rajoy lost a vote of no-confidence in the Spanish Parliament, with the votes being 180-169. Premiership of Mariano Rajoy The premiership of Mariano Rajoy started in December 2011 and spanned until the 1st June 2018. Mariano Rajoy became Prime Minister of Spain on 20 December 2011, after his People's Party's (PP) landslide victory in the 2011 general election. The PP's overall majority of 186 seats gave Rajoy a free hand to handle the country's political and economic situation for", "Title: Spain Content: 2008–16 Spanish financial crisis and high levels of unemployment, cuts in government spending and corruption in Royal family and People's Party served as a backdrop to the 2011–12 Spanish protests. Catalan independentism was also on rise. In 2011, Mariano Rajoy's conservative People's Party won the election with 44.6% of votes, and Rajoy became the Spanish Prime Minister, after having been the leader of the opposition from 2004 to 2011, and continued to implement austerity measures required by the EU Stability and Growth Pact. On 19 June 2014, the monarch, Juan Carlos, abdicated in favour of his son, who became Felipe", "Title: Mariano Rajoy Content: Mariano Rajoy Mariano Rajoy Brey (; born 27 March 1955) is a Spanish politician who served as Prime Minister of Spain from 2011 to 2018, when a vote of no confidence ousted his government. On 5 June 2018, he announced his resignation as People's Party leader. He became Leader of the People's Party in 2004 and Prime Minister in 2011 following the People's Party landslide victory in that year's general election becoming the sixth President of the Spanish Government. The party lost its majority in the 2015 general election, but after that election ended in deadlock, a second election in", "Title: Prime Minister of Spain Content: as taken by Prime Minister Zapatero on his first term in office on 17 April, 2004 was: In 2008, from the time the king nominated José Luis Rodríguez Zapatero for a second term as Prime Minister immediately following the 2008 general election, almost a month passed before Zapatero was able to present his Investiture Speech before the Congress and stand for a Vote of Confidence. If no overall majority was obtained on the first Vote of the Confidence, then the same nominee and program is resubmitted for a second vote within forty-eight hours. Following the second vote, if confidence by", "Title: Prime Minister of Spain Content: Prime Minister of Spain The Prime Minister of Spain, officially the President of the Government of Spain (), is the head of the government of Spain. The office was established in its current form by the Constitution of 1978 and originated in 1823 as a chairmanship of the extant Council of Ministers. Upon a vacancy, the Spanish monarch nominates a presidency candidate for a vote of confidence by the Congress of Deputies of Spain, the lower house of the Cortes Generales (parliament). The process is a parliamentarian investiture by which the head of government is indirectly elected by the elected", "Title: Prime Minister of Spain Content: Duke of Suárez; and Leopoldo Calvo-Sotelo was created 1st . Additional titles of nobility have been created by the king for other government ministers, usually at the advice of the president of the government. As of 2005, the king has created forty hereditary titles of nobility. As of , there are four living former Spanish Prime Ministers: The most recent Prime Minister to die was Adolfo Suárez (served 1976–1981) on 23 March 2014, aged 81. Prime Minister of Spain The Prime Minister of Spain, officially the President of the Government of Spain (), is the head of the government of" ]

[ "Mariano Rajoy" ]

[ "Title: Leonidas I Content: Leonidas I Leonidas I (; Doric , '; Ionic and Attic Greek: , ' ; \"son of the lion\"; died 11 August 480 BC) was a warrior king of the Greek city-state of Sparta, and the 17th of the Agiad line; a dynasty which claimed descent from the mythological demigod Heracles. He was the husband of Gorgo, the daughter of Cleomenes I of Sparta. Leonidas had a notable participation in the Second Persian War, where he led the allied Greek forces to a last stand at the Battle of Thermopylae (480 BC) while attempting to defend the pass from the", "Title: Leonidas I Content: Leonidas' relationship with his bitterly antagonistic elder brothers is unknown, but he married Cleomenes' daughter, Gorgo, sometime before coming to the throne in 490 BC. Leonidas was heir to the Agiad throne and a full citizen (\"homoios\") at the time of the Battle of Sepeia against Argos (c. 494 BC). Likewise, he was a full citizen when the Persians sought submission from Sparta and met with vehement rejection in or around 492/491 BC. His elder brother, the king, had already been deposed on grounds of purported insanity, and had fled into exile when Athens sought assistance against the First Persian", "Title: Leonidas II Content: wife Cratesiclea, who belonged to the Seleucid dynasty founded by Seleucus Nicator. His son Cleomenes III eventually succeeded him, having been married at age 18 to Agiatis (d. 224 BC), widow of Agis IV, the Eurypontid king; they had at least one son together who died in Egypt with his grandmother. His daughter Chilonis was married to Cleombrotus II who replaced his father-in-law as king for some time. She was notable for her fidelity to her father, whom she followed into exile, and then to her husband whom she also followed into exile after her father returned to power. Leonidas", "Title: Leonidas II Content: Leonidas II Leonidas II (; , \"Leōnídas B\"', \"Lion's son, Lion-like\"), was the 28th Agiad King of Sparta from 254 to 235 BC. Leonidas II was raised at the Persian Court, and according to Plutarch's Life of Agis IV, he married a Persian woman. According to other sources, this non-Spartan wife was actually a Seleucid, possibly the daughter of Seleucus I Nicator by his Persian wife Apama. She was therefore not fully Persian, but half-Macedonian and half-Persian. His Persian-influenced lifestyle, his non-Spartan (therefore foreign) wife and his half-Spartan children would all be made issues by the ephor Lysander, the co-king", "Title: Leonidas I Content: after Cleomenes' birth, Anaxandridas' first wife also gave birth to a son, Dorieus. Leonidas was the second son of Anaxandridas' first wife, and either the elder brother or twin of Cleombrotus. King Anaxandridas II died in 520 BC, and Cleomenes succeeded to the throne sometime between then and 516 BC. Dorieus was so outraged that the Spartans had preferred his half-brother over himself that he found it impossible to remain in Sparta. He made one unsuccessful attempt to set up a colony in Africa and, when this failed, sought his fortune in Sicily, where after initial successes he was killed.", "Title: Cleomenes III Content: and his wife Cratesicleia. The exact year of Cleomenes' birth is unknown but historian Peter Green puts it between 265 BC and 260 BC. Around 242 BC, Leonidas was exiled from Sparta and forced to seek refuge in the temple of Athena after opposing the reforms of the Eurypontid King, Agis IV. Cleomenes' brother-in-law, Cleombrotus, who was a supporter of Agis, became king. Meanwhile, having started his reforms Agis went on a campaign near the Isthmus of Corinth, which presented Leonidas with an opportunity to regain his throne. He quickly disposed of Cleombrotus, and when Agis returned to Sparta he", "Title: Leonidas I Content: invasion of Greece, that ended at Marathon (490 BC). Plutarch has recorded the following: \"When someone said to him: 'Except for being king you are not at all superior to us,' Leonidas son of Anaxandridas and brother of Cleomenes replied: 'But were I not better than you, I should not be king.'\" As the product of the \"agoge\", Leonidas is unlikely to have been referring to his royal blood alone but rather suggesting that he had, like his brother Dorieus, proven superior capability in the competitive environment of Spartan training and society, and that he believed this made him qualified", "Title: Cleomenes I Content: his reign, he intervened twice successfully in Athenian affairs but kept Sparta out of the Ionian Revolt. He died in prison in mysterious circumstances, with the Spartan authorities claiming his death was suicide due to insanity. He was the son of Anaxandrides II (of the Agiad royal house) and his second wife (apparently a daughter of Prinetades), and was the half-brother of Dorieus, Leonidas I, and Cleombrotus. Although the three younger half-brothers were the sons of Anaxandrides' first wife and therefore had a better claim to the throne according to tradition, Cleomenes was the oldest son and succeeded his father", "Title: Gorgo, Queen of Sparta Content: one son by Leonidas I, Pleistarchus, co-King of Sparta from 480 BC to his death in 458 BC. Her son was a minor at his father's death, so his uncle Cleombrotus (died 480 BC) and then his first cousin and heir Pausanias (r. 480-479 BC) acted as his regent. It was Pausanias who was the architect of the combined Greek victory at the Battle of Plataea (479 BC). After Pausanias fell into disfavor and was accused of plotting treason, Leonidas's son Pleistarchus ruled with the other king of Sparta, Leotychidas II (and then his grandson Archidamus) until his death 459/458", "Title: Leonidas I Content: in Steven Pressfield's novel \"Gates of Fire\". He appears as the protagonist of Frank Miller's 1998 comic book series \"300\". It presents a fictionalized version of Leonidas and the Battle of Thermopylae, as does the 2006 feature film adapted from it. Helena P. Schrader has produced a three-part biographical novel on Leonidas. \"Leonidas of Sparta: A Boy of the Agoge\", \"Leonidas of Sparta: A Peerless Peer\", and \"Leonidas of Sparta: A Heroic King\". In cinema, Leonidas has been portrayed by: Leonidas I Leonidas I (; Doric , '; Ionic and Attic Greek: , ' ; \"son of the lion\"; died" ]

[ "Pleistarchus" ]

[ "Title: Judi Dench Content: Dench which Dench had previously helped to promote. In 2019, Dench will star as Old Deuteronomy in the film adaptation of \"Cats\" alongside Jennifer Hudson, Ian McKellen, Taylor Swift, James Corden, and Idris Elba. Dench is a long-time resident of Outwood, Surrey. On 5 February 1971, Dench married British actor Michael Williams. They had their only child, Tara Cressida Frances Williams, an actress known professionally as Finty Williams, on 24 September 1972. Dench and her husband starred together in several stage productions and on the Bob Larbey British television sitcom, \"A Fine Romance\" (1981–84). Michael Williams died from lung cancer", "Title: Judi Dench Content: in 2001, aged 65. They have one grandchild, Finty's son Sam Williams (born in 1997). Dench has been in a relationship with conservationist David Mills since 2010. During a 2014 interview with \"The Times\" magazine, she discussed how she never expected to find love again after her husband's death, \"I wasn't even prepared to be ready for it. It was very, very gradual and grown up ... It's just wonderful.\" In early 2012, Dench discussed her macular degeneration, with one eye \"dry\" and the other \"wet\", for which she has been treated with injections into the eye. She said that", "Title: Judi Dench filmography Content: performers, working for the National Theatre Company and the Royal Shakespeare Company. In television, she achieved success during this period, in the series \"A Fine Romance\" from 1981 until 1984 and in 1992 began a continuing role in the television romantic comedy series \"As Time Goes By\". Her film appearances were infrequent until she was cast as M in \"GoldenEye\" (1995), a role she continued to play in James Bond in films through to \"Spectre\". She has starred in many acclaimed films since then, and won an Academy Award as Best Supporting Actress in 1999 for \"Shakespeare in Love\". Judi", "Title: A Fine Romance (1981 TV series) Content: A Fine Romance (1981 TV series) A Fine Romance is a British situation comedy starring husband-and-wife team Judi Dench and Michael Williams. Dench's sister and brother-in-law were played by Susan Penhaligon and Richard Warwick. It was produced by London Weekend Television and written by Bob Larbey. It was first broadcast on 8 November 1981. It lasted for 26 episodes over four series; the final episode was broadcast on 17 February 1984. The series takes its name from a song in the 1936 film \"Swing Time\", starring Fred Astaire and Ginger Rogers, which Dench recorded as the theme music. The series", "Title: Judi Dench Content: Dench established herself as one of the most significant British theatre performers, working for the National Theatre Company and the Royal Shakespeare Company. She received critical praise in television during this period, in the series \"A Fine Romance\" from 1981 until 1984, and from 1992 to 2005 with a starring role in the romantic comedy series \"As Time Goes By\". Her film appearances were infrequent, and included supporting roles in major films, such as \"A Room with a View\" (1986), before she rose to international fame as M in \"GoldenEye\" (1995), a role she continued to play in James Bond", "Title: Mayotte Magnus Content: Among the women included were Judi Dench, Margaret Drabble, Erin Pizzey, Margaret Busby, Laura Ashley, Mary Quant, Lynn Seymour, Marina Warner, Fay Godwin, Iris Murdoch, Elisabeth Lutyens, Julia Neuberger, Shirley Williams, Dorothy Hodgkin, Jessica Mitford, Edna O'Brien, Kathleen Raine, Molly Parkin, Christina Foyle, Marjorie Proops, and Dame Barbara Hepworth. She divorced her first husband in 1974, and during the late 1970s/early '80s Magnus married the photographer Jorge Lewinski (1921–2008) with whom she collaborated on a series of photographically illustrated books. Lewinski died in 2008. Magnus has worked to restore the in Alan, Haute-Garonne, a home that she shared with her", "Title: Judi Dench Content: Newfoundland along with his daughter and his aunt, played by Dench, in hopes of starting his life anew in the small town where she grew up. The film earned mixed reviews from critics, and was financially unsuccessful, taking in just US$24 million worldwide with a budget of US$35 million. Dench received BAFTA and SAG Award nominations for her performance. In 2002, Dench was cast opposite Rupert Everett, Colin Firth, and Reese Witherspoon in Oliver Parker's \"The Importance of Being Earnest\", a comedy about mistaken identity set in English high society during the Victorian Era. Based on Oscar Wilde's classic comedy", "Title: Judi Dench Content: worldwide. In Simon Curtis' \"My Week with Marilyn\", which depicts the making of the 1957 film \"The Prince and the Showgirl\" starring Marilyn Monroe and Laurence Olivier, Dench played actress Sybil Thorndike. The film garnered largely positive reviews, and earned Dench a Best Actress in a Supporting Role nomination at the 65th BAFTA Awards. Dench's last film of 2011 was Clint Eastwood's \"J. Edgar\", a biographical drama film about the career of FBI director J. Edgar Hoover, played by Leonardo DiCaprio, from the Palmer Raids onwards, including an examination of his private life as a closeted homosexual. Hand-picked by Eastwood", "Title: Talking to a Stranger Content: the daughter, Terry; the father, Ted; the son, Alan and the mother, Sarah. Her viewpoint is recounted after her suicide. The role of the daughter Terry provided a major early role for Judi Dench in one of her first starring roles on television. The other leads were played by Maurice Denham, Margery Mason and Michael Bryant. According to Hopkins, he was seven months late delivering the scripts and, when he was commissioned by the BBC, all he had in his head was the final line of the final play: \"Somebody hold me.\" Frequently hailed by critics as one of the", "Title: A Fine Romance (1981 TV series) Content: of \"A Fine Romance\" have been released on DVD by Network. Notes Citations A Fine Romance (1981 TV series) A Fine Romance is a British situation comedy starring husband-and-wife team Judi Dench and Michael Williams. Dench's sister and brother-in-law were played by Susan Penhaligon and Richard Warwick. It was produced by London Weekend Television and written by Bob Larbey. It was first broadcast on 8 November 1981. It lasted for 26 episodes over four series; the final episode was broadcast on 17 February 1984. The series takes its name from a song in the 1936 film \"Swing Time\", starring Fred" ]

[ "Michael Williams" ]

[ "Title: Spaniards Content: and immigrants now make up about 10% of the population. Since 2000, Spain has absorbed more than 3 million immigrants, with thousands more arriving each year. Immigrant population now tops over 4.5 million. They come mainly from Europe, Latin America, China, the Philippines, North Africa, and West Africa. Languages spoken in Spain include Spanish (\"castellano\" or \"español\") (74%), Catalan (\"català\", called \"valencià\" in the Valencian Community) (17%), Galician (\"galego\") (7%), and Basque (\"euskara\") (2%). Other languages are Asturian (\"asturianu\"), Aranese Gascon (\"aranés\"), Aragonese (\"aragonés\"), and Leonese, each with their own various dialects. Spanish is the official state language, although the", "Title: Spanish language Content: (, or ) is the entity which regulates the Spanish language. It was created in Mexico in 1951 and represents the union of all the separate academies in the Spanish-speaking world. It comprises the academies of 23 countries, ordered by date of Academy foundation: Spain (1713), Colombia (1871), Ecuador (1874), Mexico (1875), El Salvador (1876), Venezuela (1883), Chile (1885), Peru (1887), Guatemala (1887), Costa Rica (1923), Philippines (1924), Panama (1926), Cuba (1926), Paraguay (1927), Dominican Republic (1927), Bolivia (1927), Nicaragua (1928), Argentina (1931), Uruguay (1943), Honduras (1949), Puerto Rico (1955), United States (1973) and Equatorial Guinea (2016). The (Cervantes Institute)", "Title: Southern Europe Content: San Marino, and the Vatican) and Spanish, which is spoken by over 40 million people in Spain, Andorra and Gibraltar. Other common Romance languages include Portuguese (spoken in Portugal and Andorra), Catalan (spoken in eastern Spain, Andorra and Alghero in Italy), Galician (spoken in northwestern Spain) and Occitan, which is spoken in the Val d'Aran in Catalonia, in the Occitan Valleys in Italy and in southern France. The Hellenic languages or Greek language are widely spoken in Greece and in the Republic of Cyprus. Additionally, other varieties of Greek are spoken in small communities in parts of other European countries.", "Title: National language Content: incompletely emerged national standard languages which also subsumes a cluster of semi-standardised dialects. Spain has one national constitutional language, Spanish, but there are four other languages that are co-official in some territories: Galician language in Galicia, Basque in Euskadi and part of Navarre, Catalan language in Cataluña, Balearic Islands and Valencia (as Valencian), and Aranese dialect in Val d'Aran. Switzerland has four national languages: German, French, Italian and Romansh, all of which have official status at the national level within the Federal administration of Switzerland. A majority (74%) of the population speaks German, while most of the remainder (21%) speak", "Title: Spanish language Content: Spanish is also spoken in the integral territories of Spain in North Africa, which include the Spanish cities of Ceuta and Melilla, the Plazas de soberanía, and the Canary Islands archipelago (population 2,000,000), located some off the northwest coast of mainland Africa. In northern Morocco, a former Spanish protectorate that is also geographically close to Spain, approximately 20,000 people speak Spanish as a second language, while Arabic is the \"de jure\" official language. A small number of Moroccan Jews also speak the Sephardic Spanish dialect Haketia (related to the Ladino dialect spoken in Israel). Spanish is spoken by some small", "Title: History of the Spanish language Content: agreed to allow provinces to use, speak, and print official documents in three other languages: Catalan for Catalonia, Balearic Islands and Valencia; Basque for the Basque provinces and Navarre, and Galician for Galicia. Since 1975, following the death of Franco, Spain has become a multi-party democracy and decentralized country, constituted in autonomous communities. Under this system, some languages of Spain—such as Aranese (an Occitan language of northwestern Catalonia), Basque, Catalan/Valencian, and Galician—have gained co-official status in their respective geographical areas. Others—such as Aragonese, Asturian and Leonese—have been recognized by regional governments. When the United Nations organization was founded in 1945,", "Title: Culture of Spain Content: (similar to a federal organisation) under the Spanish Constitution of 1978 is intended as a way to incorporate these communities into the state. While everyone in Spain can speak Spanish, other languages figure prominently in many areas: Basque in the Basque Country and Navarre; Catalan in Catalonia, Balearic Islands and Valencia (where it is usually referred to as Valencian), and Galician in Galicia. Spanish is official throughout the country; the rest of these have co-official status in their respective communities and all are major enough that there are numerous daily newspapers in these languages and, especially in Catalan, a significant", "Title: Spaniards Content: other languages are co-official in a number of autonomous communities. Peninsular Spanish is largely considered to be divided into two main dialects: Castilian Spanish (spoken in the northern half of the country) and Andalusian Spanish (spoken mainly in Andalusia). However, a large part of Spain, including Madrid, Extremadura, Murcia, and Castile–La Mancha, speak local dialects known as \"transitional dialects\" between Andalusian and Castilian Spanish. The Canary Islands also have a distinct dialect of Castilian Spanish which is very close to Caribbean Spanish. Linguistically, the Spanish language is a Romance language and is one of the aspects (including laws and general", "Title: Spanish language Content: Spanish language Spanish (; ) or Castilian (, ), is a Western Romance language that originated in the Castile region of Spain and today has hundreds of millions of native speakers in the Americas and Spain. It is usually considered a global language and the world's second-most spoken native language, after Mandarin Chinese. Spanish is a part of the Ibero-Romance group of languages, which evolved from several dialects of Vulgar Latin in Iberia after the collapse of the Western Roman Empire in the 5th century. The oldest Latin texts with traces of Spanish come from mid-northern Iberia in the 9th", "Title: Spanish language Content: in Spain, Equatorial Guinea, and 19 countries in the Americas. Speakers in the Americas total some 418 million. It is also an optional language in the Philippines as it was a Spanish colony from 1569 to 1899. In the European Union, Spanish is the mother tongue of 8% of the population, with an additional 7% speaking it as a second language. Spanish is the most popular second language learned in the United States. In 2011 it was estimated by the American Community Survey that of the 55 million Hispanic United States residents who are five years of age and over," ]

[ "Basque Language", "Galician Language", "Catalan language", "Occitan language" ]

[ "Title: Geography of Algeria Content: Sahara Desert, forms an integral part of the section of North Africa known as the Maghreb. This area includes Morocco, Tunisia, and the northwestern portion of Libya known historically as Tripolitania. Land boundaries:\"Total:\" \"Border countries:\" Libya , Mali , Mauritania , Morocco , Niger , Tunisia , Western Sahara . Area – comparative: roughly 3.5 times the size of Texas and twice the size of Ontario. Coastline: Maritime claims:\"Exclusive fishing zone:\" \"Territorial sea:\" Stretching from the Moroccan border the Tell Atlas, including the Djebel Babor formation, is the dominant northwestern mountain range. Stretching more than 600 kilometers eastward from the", "Title: Sahara Content: Sahara The Sahara (, ; , ', 'the Great Desert') is the largest hot desert and the third largest desert in the world after Antarctica and the Arctic. Its area of is comparable to the area of China or the United States. The name 'Sahara' is derived from a dialectal Arabic word for \"desert\", ' ( ). The desert comprises much of North Africa, excluding the fertile region on the Mediterranean Sea coast, the Atlas Mountains of the Maghreb, and the Nile Valley in Egypt and Sudan. It stretches from the Red Sea in the east and the Mediterranean in", "Title: Sahara Content: of annual precipitation (this is a long-term average, since precipitation varies annually). Important cities located in the Sahara include Nouakchott, the capital of Mauritania; Tamanrasset, Ouargla, Béchar, Hassi Messaoud, Ghardaïa, and El Oued in Algeria; Timbuktu in Mali; Agadez in Niger; Ghat in Libya; and Faya-Largeau in Chad. The Sahara is the world's largest low-latitude hot desert. The area is located in the horse latitudes under the subtropical ridge, a significant belt of semi-permanent subtropical warm-core high pressure where the air from upper levels of the troposphere tends to sink towards the ground. This steady descending airflow causes a warming", "Title: Sahara Content: government, who, according to Keenan, \"documented a space of intercultural mediation,\" contributing much to preserving the indigenous cultural identities in the region. Sahara The Sahara (, ; , ', 'the Great Desert') is the largest hot desert and the third largest desert in the world after Antarctica and the Arctic. Its area of is comparable to the area of China or the United States. The name 'Sahara' is derived from a dialectal Arabic word for \"desert\", ' ( ). The desert comprises much of North Africa, excluding the fertile region on the Mediterranean Sea coast, the Atlas Mountains of the", "Title: Sahara Desert (ecoregion) Content: Libya. Sahara Desert (ecoregion) The Sahara Desert ecoregion, as defined by the World Wide Fund for Nature (WWF), includes the hyper-arid center of the Sahara, between 18° and 30° N. It is one of several desert and xeric shrubland ecoregions that cover the northern portion of the African continent. The Sahara Desert is the world's largest hot desert, located in North Africa. It stretches from the Red Sea to the Atlantic Ocean. The vast desert encompasses several ecologically distinct regions. The Sahara Desert ecoregion covers an area of in the hot, hyper-arid center of the Sahara, surrounded on the north,", "Title: Sahara Desert (ecoregion) Content: Sahara Desert (ecoregion) The Sahara Desert ecoregion, as defined by the World Wide Fund for Nature (WWF), includes the hyper-arid center of the Sahara, between 18° and 30° N. It is one of several desert and xeric shrubland ecoregions that cover the northern portion of the African continent. The Sahara Desert is the world's largest hot desert, located in North Africa. It stretches from the Red Sea to the Atlantic Ocean. The vast desert encompasses several ecologically distinct regions. The Sahara Desert ecoregion covers an area of in the hot, hyper-arid center of the Sahara, surrounded on the north, south,", "Title: Sahara (Michael Palin book) Content: through the Sahara Desert, starting and ending at Gibraltar. The book contains 13 chapters: \"Gibraltar\", \"Morocco\", \"Algeria\", \"Western Sahara\", \"Mauritania\", \"Senegal\", \"Mali\", \"Niger\", \"Algeria\", \"Libya\", \"Tunisia\", \"Algeria\", and \"Gibraltar\". The reason Algeria is featured three times is that the trip first cut through part of western Algeria, then later up through south, central and eastern Algeria, and finally on the return trip followed the Mediterranean coast of northern Algeria. Some of these countries are huge; for example, Algeria is four times the size of France or three times the size of Texas. The Sahara Desert is roughly the same size", "Title: Geography of Western Sahara Content: Geography of Western Sahara Western Sahara is a territory in Northern Africa, bordered by the North Atlantic Ocean, Morocco proper, Algeria (Tindouf region), and Mauritania. Geographic coordinates: \"Total:\" 266,060 km², about the size of Colorado The peninsula in the extreme southwest, with the city of Lagouira, is called Ras Nouadhibou, Cap Blanc, or Cabo Blanco. The eastern side is part of Mauritania. Maritime claims: contingent upon resolution of sovereignty issue The terrain is mostly low, flat desert with large areas of rocky or sandy surfaces rising to small mountains in south and northeast. Elevation extremes: Phosphates, iron ore, and fishing", "Title: Geography of Western Sahara Content: throughout the year and sunny weather is the norm. Sparse water and lack of arable land. This is a list of the extreme points of Western Sahara, the points that are farther north, south, east or west than any other location. Geography of Western Sahara Western Sahara is a territory in Northern Africa, bordered by the North Atlantic Ocean, Morocco proper, Algeria (Tindouf region), and Mauritania. Geographic coordinates: \"Total:\" 266,060 km², about the size of Colorado The peninsula in the extreme southwest, with the city of Lagouira, is called Ras Nouadhibou, Cap Blanc, or Cabo Blanco. The eastern side is", "Title: Western Sahara Content: Western Sahara Western Sahara (; \"\"; ; Spanish and French: ) is a disputed territory in the Maghreb region of North Africa, partially controlled by the self-proclaimed Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic and partially Moroccan-occupied, bordered by Morocco proper to the north, Algeria to the northeast, Mauritania to the east and south, and the Atlantic Ocean to the west. Its surface area amounts to . It is one of the most sparsely populated territories in the world, mainly consisting of desert flatlands. The population is estimated at just over 500,000, of which nearly 40% live in Laayoune, the largest city in" ]

[ "North Africa" ]

[ "Title: Rihanna Content: Rihanna Robyn Rihanna Fenty (; born 20 February 1988) is a Barbadian singer, businesswoman, diplomat, actress, dancer, and songwriter. Born in Saint Michael, Barbados, and raised in Bridgetown, she was discovered by American record producer Evan Rogers in her home country of Barbados in 2003. Throughout 2004, she recorded demo tapes under the direction of Rogers and signed a recording contract with Def Jam Recordings after auditioning for its then-president, hip hop producer and rapper Jay-Z. In 2005, Rihanna rose to fame with the release of her debut studio album \"Music of the Sun\" and its follow-up \"A Girl like", "Title: Rihanna Content: Brown\" in a \"Would You Rather\" format. Snapchat issued an apology statement. Rihanna Robyn Rihanna Fenty (; born 20 February 1988) is a Barbadian singer, businesswoman, diplomat, actress, dancer, and songwriter. Born in Saint Michael, Barbados, and raised in Bridgetown, she was discovered by American record producer Evan Rogers in her home country of Barbados in 2003. Throughout 2004, she recorded demo tapes under the direction of Rogers and signed a recording contract with Def Jam Recordings after auditioning for its then-president, hip hop producer and rapper Jay-Z. In 2005, Rihanna rose to fame with the release of her debut", "Title: Rihanna Content: Braithwaite), is a retired accountant of Afro-Guyanese background, and her father, Ronald Fenty, is a warehouse supervisor of Afro-Barbadian and Irish descent. Rihanna has two brothers, Rorrey and Rajad Fenty, and two half-sisters and a half-brother from her father's side, each born to different mothers from his previous relationships. She grew up in a three-bedroom bungalow in Bridgetown and sold clothes with her father in a stall on the street. Rihanna's childhood was deeply affected by her father's addiction to crack cocaine and alcohol, which contributed to her parents' strained marriage. As a child, she went through a lot of", "Title: Rihanna (book) Content: capture [her]\". Rihanna (book) Rihanna (originally titled and alternatively known as Rihanna: The Last Girl on Earth) is a coffee table photo-book by Barbadian recording artist Rihanna and British artist Simon Henwood. Henwood envisioned the project as the depiction of a \"journey\", as it includes professional and candid photos by him, that show the singer's fourth studio album, \"Rated R\"s (2009) promotional campaign, alongside pictures from other live appearances. The publication features a preface written by French designer Alexandre Vauthier. It was first issued in the United States as a hardcover edition including a CD, on October 15, 2010; also", "Title: Hip-hop feminism Content: politics as well as issues affecting marginalized communities. \"I talk about small breasts, suffering from child abuse... my lyrical content, my subject matter is not about aggression, or violence, or materialism, but about spirituality, cultural diaspora. Subject matters of black and brown women. Although I do speak on really flashy boastful things, because I am a flashy son of a b****. I've created Feminism again in Hip-Hop, it's exciting, it's wonderful.\"Robyn Rihanna Fenty, better known by her stage name Rihanna is a Barbadian singer, songwriter, and actress. Rihanna practices a very different and almost anachronistic type of feminism. Hey gothic", "Title: Rihanna (book) Content: Rihanna (book) Rihanna (originally titled and alternatively known as Rihanna: The Last Girl on Earth) is a coffee table photo-book by Barbadian recording artist Rihanna and British artist Simon Henwood. Henwood envisioned the project as the depiction of a \"journey\", as it includes professional and candid photos by him, that show the singer's fourth studio album, \"Rated R\"s (2009) promotional campaign, alongside pictures from other live appearances. The publication features a preface written by French designer Alexandre Vauthier. It was first issued in the United States as a hardcover edition including a CD, on October 15, 2010; also being released", "Title: Rihanna Content: award from the Council of Fashion Designers of America in 2014. In 2012, \"Forbes\" ranked her the fourth most powerful celebrity, while \"Time\" included her on the annual list of the most influential people in the world in 2012 and 2018. Rihanna was named Harvard University's \"Humanitarian of the Year\" by the Harvard Foundation in early 2017. She was appointed as an Ambassador on behalf of the government of Barbados in 2018, with her duties involving the promotion of education, tourism and investment. Robyn Rihanna Fenty was born on 20 February 1988, in Saint Michael, Barbados. Her mother, Monica (née", "Title: Renee Kujur Content: a lasting effect on her as a 3-year-old kid. She was called \"kaali\" (a girl with dark skin) in her teenage. She started working at Tommy Hilfiger store as sales staff where people started noticing that she look like Rihanna. Once she realized her resemblance to Rihanna, things changed for her. She revealed that she would her journey will complete the day she meet her idol Rihanna. Renee Kujur works as a model based in Malviya Nagar, New Delhi. Her photos of striking resemblance to Rihanna made her internet sensation. She works for Satin Models India and has worked with", "Title: Rihanna Content: secret project in Cuba titled \"Guava Island\" throughout that summer alongside Donald Glover. The exact details of the project are currently unknown. Rihanna is a mezzo-soprano, with a range spanning from B to C#. While recording tracks for her third studio album, \"Good Girl Gone Bad\" (2007), Rihanna took vocal lessons from Ne-Yo. Speaking of the experience she stated, \"I've never had vocal training, so when I'm in the studio, he'll tell me how to breathe and stuff... He'll call out these big fancy words: 'OK, I want you to do staccato.' And I'm like, 'OK, I don't know what", "Title: Rihanna Content: pursue a musical career instead. In 2003, Rihanna formed a musical trio with two of her classmates. She was discovered in her home country of Barbados by American record producer Evan Rogers. Without a name or any material, the girl group managed to land an audition with Rogers who commented, \"The minute Rihanna walked into the room, it was like the other two girls didn't exist\". Rihanna went to Rogers' hotel room, where she performed renditions of Destiny's Child's \"Emotion\" and Mariah Carey's \"Hero\". Impressed, Rogers scheduled a second meeting with her mother present, and then invited her to his" ]

[ "Monica Braithwaite" ]

[ "Title: San Mateo County, California Content: San Mateo County, California San Mateo County ( ; Spanish for \"Saint Matthew\") is a county located in the U.S. state of California. As of the 2010 census, the population was 718,451. The county seat is Redwood City. San Mateo County is included in the San Francisco-Oakland-Hayward, Calif. Metropolitan Statistical Area, and is part of the San Francisco Bay Area, the nine counties bordering San Francisco Bay. It covers most of the San Francisco Peninsula. San Francisco International Airport is located at the northern end of the county, and Silicon Valley begins at the southern end. The county's built-up areas", "Title: San Francisco Content: San Francisco San Francisco (SF; , ; ), officially the City and County of San Francisco, is the cultural, commercial, and financial center of Northern California. San Francisco is the 13th-most populous city in the United States, and the fourth-most populous in California, with 884,363 residents as of 2017. It covers an area of about , mostly at the north end of the San Francisco Peninsula in the San Francisco Bay Area, making it the second-most densely populated large US city, and the fifth-most densely populated U.S. county, behind only four of the five New York City boroughs. San Francisco", "Title: San Francisco Content: City and County of San Francisco—is a consolidated city-county, a status it has held since the 1856 secession of what is now San Mateo County. It is the only such consolidation in California. The mayor is also the county executive, and the county Board of Supervisors acts as the city council. The government of San Francisco is a charter city and is constituted of two co-equal branches. The executive branch is headed by the mayor and includes other citywide elected and appointed officials as well as the civil service. The 11-member Board of Supervisors, the legislative branch, is headed by", "Title: San Francisco Content: owned and operated by the City and County of San Francisco. San Francisco also has a county jail complex located in San Mateo County, in an unincorporated area adjacent to San Bruno. San Francisco was also granted a perpetual leasehold over the Hetch Hetchy Valley and watershed in Yosemite National Park by the Raker Act in 1913. San Francisco serves as the regional hub for many arms of the federal bureaucracy, including the U.S. Court of Appeals, the Federal Reserve Bank, and the U.S. Mint. Until decommissioning in the early 1990s, the city had major military installations at the Presidio,", "Title: History of San Francisco Content: The law was not repealed until 1943 with the Magnuson Act. San Francisco was the county seat of San Francisco County, one of state's 18 original counties since California's statehood in 1850. Until 1856, the city limits extended west to Divisadero Street and Castro Street, and south to 20th Street. In response to the lawlessness and vigilantism that escalated rapidly between 1855 and 1856, the California government decided to divide the county. A straight line was then drawn across the tip of the San Francisco Peninsula just north of San Bruno Mountain. Everything south of the line became San Mateo", "Title: Marin County, California Content: Marin County, California Marin County is a county located in the San Francisco Bay Area of the U.S. state of California. As of the 2010 census, the population was 252,409. Its county seat is San Rafael. Marin County is included in the San Francisco-Oakland-Hayward, CA Metropolitan Statistical Area (San Francisco Bay Area) across the Golden Gate Bridge from San Francisco. As of 2010, Marin County had the fifth highest income per capita in the United States at $91,483. The county is governed by the Marin County Board of Supervisors. The county is also well known for its natural environment and", "Title: San Francisco Peninsula Content: San Francisco Peninsula The San Francisco Peninsula is a peninsula in the San Francisco Bay Area that separates San Francisco Bay from the Pacific Ocean. On its northern tip is the City and County of San Francisco. Its southern base is in northern Santa Clara County, including the cities of Palo Alto, Mountain View, and Los Altos. Most of the Peninsula is occupied by San Mateo County, between San Francisco and Santa Clara counties, and including the cities and towns of Atherton, Belmont, Brisbane, Burlingame, Colma, Daly City, East Palo Alto, El Granada, Foster City, Hillsborough, Half Moon Bay, La", "Title: San Francisco Board of Supervisors Content: district available on its website. San Francisco Board of Supervisors The San Francisco Board of Supervisors is the legislative body within the government of the City and County of San Francisco, California, United States. The City and County of San Francisco is a consolidated city-county, being simultaneously a charter city and charter county with a consolidated government, a status it has had since 1856. Since it is the only such consolidation in California, it is therefore the only California city with a mayor who is also the county executive, and a county board of supervisors that also acts as the", "Title: San Mateo County, California Content: connections connect Oyster Point to Jack London Square in Oakland and the Alameda Ferry Terminal in Alameda. There are a number of well known structures within San Mateo County: The population ranking of the following table is based on the 2010 census of San Mateo County. † \"county seat\" San Mateo County, California San Mateo County ( ; Spanish for \"Saint Matthew\") is a county located in the U.S. state of California. As of the 2010 census, the population was 718,451. The county seat is Redwood City. San Mateo County is included in the San Francisco-Oakland-Hayward, Calif. Metropolitan Statistical Area,", "Title: San Francisco Content: city behind only New York City (among cities greater than 200,000 population), and the fifth-most densely populated U.S. county. San Francisco is the traditional focal point of the San Francisco Bay Area and forms part of the five-county San Francisco–Oakland–Hayward, CA Metropolitan Statistical Area, a region of 4.6 million people. It is also part of the greater 12-county San Jose-San Francisco-Oakland, CA Combined Statistical Area, whose population is over 8.7 million, making it the fifth-largest in the United States as of July 1, 2015. San Francisco has a minority-majority population, as non-Hispanic whites comprise less than half of the population," ]

[ "San Francisco" ]

[ "Title: Twenty-second Amendment to the United States Constitution Content: so, as the 1880 election approached, he sought nomination for a (non-consecutive) third term at the 1880 Republican National Convention, but narrowly lost to James Garfield, who would go on to win the 1880 election. Theodore Roosevelt succeeded to the presidency on September 14, 1901, following William McKinley's assassination ( days into his second term), and was subsequently elected to a full term in 1904. While he declined to seek a third (second full) term in 1908, Roosevelt did seek one four years later, in the election of 1912, where he lost to Woodrow Wilson. Wilson himself, despite his ill", "Title: 1904 United States presidential election Content: 1904 United States presidential election The United States presidential election of 1904 was the 30th quadrennial presidential election, held on Tuesday, November 8, 1904. Incumbent Republican President Theodore Roosevelt defeated the Democratic nominee, Alton B. Parker. Roosevelt's victory made him the first president to win a term in his own right after having ascended to the presidency upon the death of a predecessor. Roosevelt had acceded to office in 1901 following the assassination of William McKinley. After the February 1904 death of McKinley's ally, Senator Mark Hanna, Roosevelt faced little opposition at the 1904 Republican National Convention. The conservative Bourbon", "Title: Theodore Roosevelt Content: Theodore Roosevelt Theodore Roosevelt Jr. ( ; October 27, 1858 – January 6, 1919) was an American statesman and writer who served as the 26th President of the United States from 1901 to 1909. He also served as the 25th Vice President of the United States from March to September 1901 and as the 33rd Governor of New York from 1899 to 1900. As a leader of the Republican Party during this time, he became a driving force for the Progressive Era in the United States in the early 20th century. His face is depicted on Mount Rushmore, alongside those", "Title: 1912 United States presidential election Content: Republican President Theodore Roosevelt had declined to run for re-election in 1908 in fulfillment of a pledge to the American people not to seek a second full term. Roosevelt's first term as president (1901–1905) was incomplete, as he succeeded to the office upon the assassination of William McKinley; it was only his second term (1905–1909) that encompassed four full years. He had tapped Secretary of War William Howard Taft to become his successor, and Taft defeated Democrat William Jennings Bryan in the general election. During Taft's administration, a rift grew between Roosevelt and Taft as they became the leaders of", "Title: First inauguration of Theodore Roosevelt Content: First inauguration of Theodore Roosevelt The first inauguration of Theodore Roosevelt as the 26th President of the United States, took place on Saturday, September 14, 1901 at the Ansley Wilcox House, at 641 Delaware Avenue in Buffalo, New York, following the death of President William McKinley earlier that day. The inauguration marked the commencement of the first term (a partial term of ) of Theodore Roosevelt as President. John R. Hazel, U.S. District Judge for the Western District of New York, administered the Oath of office. Vice President Roosevelt had been at a luncheon of the Vermont Fish and Game", "Title: Theodore Roosevelt Content: National Park in the state of North Dakota is named after him. The America the Beautiful Quarters series features Roosevelt riding a horse on the national park's quarter. Theodore Roosevelt Theodore Roosevelt Jr. ( ; October 27, 1858 – January 6, 1919) was an American statesman and writer who served as the 26th President of the United States from 1901 to 1909. He also served as the 25th Vice President of the United States from March to September 1901 and as the 33rd Governor of New York from 1899 to 1900. As a leader of the Republican Party during this", "Title: Electoral history of Theodore Roosevelt Content: Electoral history of Theodore Roosevelt Electoral history of Theodore Roosevelt, 26th President of the United States (1901–1909), 25th Vice President of the United States (1901) and 33rd Governor of New York (1899–1900) New York gubernatorial race, 1898 New York gubernatorial election, 1898 Vice Presidential race, 1900 1900 Republican National Convention (Vice Presidential tally): United States presidential election, 1900: 1904 Republican National Convention (Presidential tally) United States presidential election, 1904: 1908 Republican National Convention (Presidential tally): 1911 New York Republican Senate caucus: 1912 Republican presidential primaries: 1912 Republican National Convention (Presidential tally): 1912 Progressive National Convention: United States presidential election, 1912:", "Title: Presidency of Theodore Roosevelt Content: Presidency of Theodore Roosevelt The presidency of Theodore Roosevelt began on September 14, 1901, when Theodore Roosevelt became the 26th President of the United States upon the assassination and death of President William McKinley, and ended on March 4, 1909. Roosevelt had been the Vice President of the United States for only days when he succeeded to the presidency. A Republican, he ran for and won a full four-year term as president in 1904, easily defeating Democratic nominee Alton B. Parker. After the Republican victory in the 1908 presidential election, Roosevelt was succeeded by his protege and chosen successor, William", "Title: 1912 United States presidential election Content: 1912 United States presidential election The United States presidential election of 1912 was the 32nd quadrennial presidential election, held on Tuesday, November 5, 1912. Democratic Governor Woodrow Wilson of New Jersey unseated incumbent Republican President William Howard Taft and defeated former President Theodore Roosevelt, who ran as the Progressive Party (\"Bull Moose\") nominee. Roosevelt remains the only third party presidential candidate in U.S. history to finish better than third in the popular or electoral vote. Roosevelt had served as president from 1901 to 1909, and Taft had won the 1908 Republican presidential nomination with Roosevelt's support. Displeased with Taft's actions", "Title: 1904 Alton Parker presidential campaign Content: 1904 Alton Parker presidential campaign After U.S. President William McKinley was assassinated in 1901, Theodore Roosevelt became the new U.S. President. Roosevelt's first term was notable for his trust busting, his successful arbitration in and resolution of a 1902 strike of 150,000 Pennsylvania coal miners, his advocacy against lynching, his conservation efforts, and the Panama Canal Treaty. In 1904, Roosevelt easily defeated Bourbon Democrat Alton Parker and won a second term as U.S. President. After his two defeats in 1896 and 1900, former Congressman William Jennings Bryan rejected the idea of a third consecutive run for the White House. Meanwhile," ]

[ "nine/fourteen/1901", "9/fourteen/1901", "nine/14/1901", "9/14/1901" ]

[ "Title: Michael Oher Content: Michael Oher Michael Jerome Oher (; né Williams Jr.; born May 28, 1986) is an American football offensive tackle who is currently a free agent. He played college football for the University of Mississippi, and was drafted by the Baltimore Ravens in the first round of the 2009 NFL Draft. He has also played for the Tennessee Titans and Carolina Panthers. Oher earned unanimous All-American honors at Mississippi, and was drafted by the Baltimore Ravens in the first round of the 2009 NFL Draft. His life through his final year of high school and first year of college is one", "Title: Michael Oher Content: with a degree in criminal justice in the spring of 2009. Already in 2008, Oher was projected as one of the top prospects for the 2009 NFL Draft. The Baltimore Ravens drafted Oher with the 23rd pick in the first round of the 2009 NFL Draft. The Ravens had acquired the pick from the New England Patriots in exchange for their first- and fifth-round draft picks. The Tuohy family was there to witness his draft day selection. On July 30, 2009, Oher signed a five-year, $13.8 million contract with the Baltimore Ravens. He started the 2009 season as right tackle,", "Title: Michael Oher Content: Academy Awards for both Best Picture and Best Actress for Bullock. Bullock won an Oscar for her portrayal of Leigh Anne Tuohy. Oher wrote his autobiography, \"I Beat The Odds: From Homelessness to The Blind Side and Beyond\", in 2011. Michael Oher Michael Jerome Oher (; né Williams Jr.; born May 28, 1986) is an American football offensive tackle who is currently a free agent. He played college football for the University of Mississippi, and was drafted by the Baltimore Ravens in the first round of the 2009 NFL Draft. He has also played for the Tennessee Titans and Carolina", "Title: The Blind Side (film) Content: The Blind Side (film) The Blind Side is a 2009 American biographical sports drama film written and directed by John Lee Hancock, based on the 2006 book \"\" by Michael Lewis. The storyline features Michael Oher, an offensive lineman who was drafted by the Baltimore Ravens of the National Football League (NFL). The film follows Oher from his impoverished upbringing, through his years at Wingate Christian School (a fictional representation of Briarcrest Christian School in Memphis, Tennessee), his adoption by Sean and Leigh Anne Tuohy, to his position as one of the most highly coveted prospects in college football, then", "Title: Michael Oher Content: only three games during the 2016 season. On July 20, 2017, Oher was released by the Panthers after a failed physical. Oher is one of the subjects of Michael Lewis's 2006 book, \"\". Before the book was published, excerpts appeared in \"The New York Times Magazine\" as \"The Ballad of Big Mike\". His portion of the book was adapted for film and was directed by John Lee Hancock. \"The Blind Side\" was released in the United States on November 20, 2009. The movie stars Quinton Aaron as Michael Oher, alongside Sandra Bullock and Tim McGraw. The movie was nominated for", "Title: Michael Oher Content: Oher was also successful academically at Ole Miss, and his tested IQ score increased 20 to 30 points between when he was measured in the public-school systems growing up and when he was measured in college. On January 14, 2008, Oher declared that he would be entering the 2008 NFL Draft. However, two days later, he announced his withdrawal from the draft to return to Ole Miss for his senior season. After the 2008 season, Oher was recognized as a unanimous first-team All-American, made the honor roll for the second time (the first time being his sophomore year), and graduated", "Title: Michael Oher Content: 2011 pre-season, the Ravens announced that Oher would be moving back to the right side. On February 3, 2013, Oher won his first Super Bowl ring after the Ravens defeated the San Francisco 49ers 34–31 in Super Bowl XLVII. On March 14, 2014, Oher signed a four-year, $20 million contract with the Tennessee Titans. Oher started eleven games for the Titans, and was placed on injured reserve on December 13 after missing the previous two games due to a toe injury. Pro Football Focus graded Oher as the 74th best tackle out of 78 for the 2014 season. The Titans", "Title: Michael Oher Content: the conclusion of his senior season, Oher participated in the 2005 U.S. Army All-American Bowl. Though he received scholarship offers from Tennessee, Louisiana State, Alabama, Auburn, and South Carolina, Oher ultimately decided to play for Ed Orgeron at the University of Mississippi, the alma mater of his guardians, Leigh Anne and Sean Tuohy. His decision to play for the Ole Miss Rebels football team sparked an investigation by the National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA). The first issue was that Oher's grade-point average (GPA) was still too low to meet the requirements for a Division I scholarship at the time of", "Title: Mike Ohlman Content: Mike Ohlman Michael Livingston Ohlman (born December 14, 1990) is an American professional baseball catcher who is currently a free agent. He has played in Major League Baseball (MLB) for the Toronto Blue Jays. Ohlman attended Lakewood Ranch High School in his hometown of Bradenton, Florida. Ohlman was selected by the Baltimore Orioles in the 11th round of the 2009 Major League Baseball draft, and signed for a $995,000 bonus. He appeared in four games for the Gulf Coast League Orioles that year, and recorded a .182 batting average and one run batted in (RBI). Ohlman started the 2010 minor", "Title: History of the Baltimore Ravens Content: after the 2007 season and Matt Stover going into free agency, Baltimore's only remaining player from its first season was Ray Lewis. The Ravens held the 26th pick in the 2009 NFL draft but went up to the 23rd pick by trading its 26th pick and a 5th round pick to the New England Patriots. The Ravens selected Michael Oher (who later had a movie named \"The Blind Side\" made after his life during his early years) in the first round of the NFL Draft. In the season opener, the offense continued its improvements from the year before as it" ]

[ "Baltimore Ravens" ]

[ "Title: Albert Einstein Content: Albert Einstein Albert Einstein (; ; 14 March 1879 – 18 April 1955) was a German-born theoretical physicist who developed the theory of relativity, one of the two pillars of modern physics (alongside quantum mechanics). His work is also known for its influence on the philosophy of science. He is best known to the general public for his mass–energy equivalence formula , which has been dubbed \"the world's most famous equation\". He received the 1921 Nobel Prize in Physics \"for his services to theoretical physics, and especially for his discovery of the law of the photoelectric effect\", a pivotal step", "Title: Albert Einstein Content: to Einstein in 1922. Footnotes Citations Albert Einstein Albert Einstein (; ; 14 March 1879 – 18 April 1955) was a German-born theoretical physicist who developed the theory of relativity, one of the two pillars of modern physics (alongside quantum mechanics). His work is also known for its influence on the philosophy of science. He is best known to the general public for his mass–energy equivalence formula , which has been dubbed \"the world's most famous equation\". He received the 1921 Nobel Prize in Physics \"for his services to theoretical physics, and especially for his discovery of the law of", "Title: Black hole Content: slowed down by the star's gravity, stopping, and then free-falling back to the star's surface. In 1915, Albert Einstein developed his theory of general relativity, having earlier shown that gravity does influence light's motion. Only a few months later, Karl Schwarzschild found a solution to the Einstein field equations, which describes the gravitational field of a point mass and a spherical mass. A few months after Schwarzschild, Johannes Droste, a student of Hendrik Lorentz, independently gave the same solution for the point mass and wrote more extensively about its properties. This solution had a peculiar behaviour at what is now", "Title: International Year of Light Content: electromagnetic wave. Maxwell also left us outstanding contributions to colour theory, optics, Saturn's rings, statics, dynamics, solids, instruments, and statistical physics. However, his most important contributions were to electromagnetism. The year 2015 marked the 100th anniversary of Einstein's General Theory of Relativity. Albert Einstein (1879-1955) was a German-born theoretical physicist who revolutionized our understanding of the universe, and who is widely acknowledged as the most important scientist of the 20th Century. Einstein's General Theory of Relativity fundamentally changed the way we understand gravity and the universe in general. He gave us a way to understand the universe as a whole", "Title: Jean Metzinger Content: and time simultaneously (multiple or mobile perspective) developed by Metzinger and Gleizes was not derived directly from Albert Einstein's theory of relativity, it was certainly influenced in a similar way, through the work of Jules Henri Poincaré (particularly \"Science and Hypothesis\"), the French mathematician, theoretical physicist and philosopher of science, who made many fundamental contributions to algebraic topology, celestial mechanics, quantum theory and made an important step in the formulation of the theory of special relativity. A multitude of analogies, similarities or parallels have been drawn over the decades between modern science and Cubism. But there has not always been", "Title: Carl Einstein Content: Carl Einstein Carl Einstein (26 April 1885 – 5 July 1940), born Karl Einstein, was an influential German Jewish writer, art historian, anarchist and critic. Regarded as one of the first critics to appreciate the development of Cubism, as well as for his work on African art and influence on the European \"avant-garde\", Einstein was a friend and colleague of such figures as George Grosz, Georges Braque, Pablo Picasso and Daniel-Henry Kahnweiler. His work combined many strands of both political and aesthetic discourse into his writings, addressing both the developing aesthetic of modern art and the political situation in Europe.", "Title: Emanuel Swedenborg Content: half of the 18th century who were \"surfeited with revivalism and narrow-mindedness\" and found his optimism and comprehensive explanations appealing. A variety of important cultural figures, both writers and artists, were influenced by Swedenborg's writings, including Robert Frost,Johnny Appleseed, William Blake, Jorge Luis Borges, Daniel Burnham, Arthur Conan Doyle, Ralph Waldo Emerson, John Flaxman, George Inness, Henry James Sr., Carl Jung, Immanuel Kant, Honoré de Balzac, Helen Keller, Czesław Miłosz, August Strindberg, D. T. Suzuki, and W. B. Yeats. His philosophy had a great impact on the Duke of Södermanland, later King Carl XIII, who as the Grand Master of", "Title: Albert Einstein Content: technology\". Much of his work at the patent office related to questions about transmission of electric signals and electrical–mechanical synchronization of time, two technical problems that show up conspicuously in the thought experiments that eventually led Einstein to his radical conclusions about the nature of light and the fundamental connection between space and time. With a few friends he had met in Bern, Einstein started a small discussion group in 1902, self-mockingly named \"The Olympia Academy\", which met regularly to discuss science and philosophy. Their readings included the works of Henri Poincaré, Ernst Mach, and David Hume, which influenced his", "Title: Albert Einstein Content: in physics at the time—was superfluous. In his paper on mass–energy equivalence, Einstein produced \"E\" = \"mc\" as a consequence of his special relativity equations. Einstein's 1905 work on relativity remained controversial for many years, but was accepted by leading physicists, starting with Max Planck. Einstein originally framed special relativity in terms of kinematics (the study of moving bodies). In 1908, Hermann Minkowski reinterpreted special relativity in geometric terms as a theory of spacetime. Einstein adopted Minkowski's formalism in his 1915 general theory of relativity. General relativity (GR) is a theory of gravitation that was developed by Einstein between 1907", "Title: Jewish culture Content: of physics, relativity improved the science of elementary particles and their fundamental interactions, along with ushering in the nuclear age. With relativity, cosmology and astrophysics predicted extraordinary astronomical phenomena such as neutron stars, black holes, and gravitational waves. Einstein formulated the well-known Mass–energy equivalence, \"E = mc2\", and explained the photoelectric effect. His work also effected and influenced a large variety of fields of physics including the Big Bang theory (Einstein's General relativity influenced Georges Lemaître), Quantum mechanics and nuclear energy. The Manhattan Project was a research and development project that produced the first atomic bombs during World War II" ]

[ "Ernst Mach", "Bernhard Riemann", "Karl Pearson", "Paul Valéry", "Baruch Spinoza", "George Bernard Shaw", "James Clerk Maxwell", "Hendrik Lorentz", "Hermann Minkowski", "Isaac Newton" ]

[ "Title: Economy of Egypt Content: The Ministry of Petroleum and Mineral Resources has established expanding the Egyptian petrochemical industry and increasing exports of natural gas as its most significant strategic objectives and in 2009 about 38% of local gas production was exported. As of 2009, most Egyptian gas exports (approximately 70%) are delivered in the form of liquefied natural gas (LNG) by ship to Europe and the United States. Egypt and Jordan agreed to construct the Arab Gas Pipeline from Al Arish to Aqaba to export natural gas to Jordan; with its completion in July 2003, Egypt began to export of gas per year via", "Title: Economy of Egypt Content: The textile industry contributes with one quarter of Egypt's non-oil export proceeds, with Cotton textiles comprising the bulk of Egypt's TC export basket. The public sector accounts for 90% of cotton spinning, 60% of fabric production and 30% of apparel production in Egypt. Misr Fine Spinning and Weaving is the largest enterprise of its kind in Africa and the Middle East. The private sector apparel industry is one of the most dynamic manufacturing processes in Egypt. The requirements of importers to Egypt of textiles and leather products were set out in the Egyptian Ministerial Decrees 626/2011 and 660/2011. The Egyptian", "Title: Egypt Content: Egypt's population. Egypt Egypt ( ; , , ), officially the Arab Republic of Egypt, is a country spanning the northeast corner of Africa and southwest corner of Asia by a land bridge formed by the Sinai Peninsula. Egypt is a Mediterranean country bordered by the Gaza Strip and Israel to the northeast, the Gulf of Aqaba to the east, the Red Sea to the east and south, Sudan to the south, and Libya to the west. Across the Gulf of Aqaba lies Jordan, across the Red Sea lies Saudi Arabia, and across the Mediterranean lie Greece, Turkey and Cyprus,", "Title: Egypt–India relations Content: as a \"brave\" move and considered the peace treaty between Egypt and Israel a primary step on the path of a just settlement of the Middle East problem. Major Egyptian exports to India include raw cotton, raw and manufactured fertilizers, oil and oil products, organic and non-organic chemicals, leather and iron products. Major imports into Egypt from India are cotton yarn, sesame, coffee, herbs, tobacco and lentils. The Egyptian Ministry of Petroleum is also currently negotiating the establishment of a natural gas-operated fertilizer plant with another Indian company. In 2004 the Gas Authority of India Limited, bought 15% of Egypt", "Title: Energy in Egypt Content: natural gas has also risen as a result of thermal power plants converting from oil to natural gas. Egypt's production of natural gas was estimated at in 2013, of which almost was domestically consumed. Natural gas is exported by the Arab Gas Pipeline to the Middle East and in the future potentially to Europe. When completed, it will have a total length of . Natural gas is also exported as liquefied natural gas (LNG), produced at the plants of Egyptian LNG and SEGAS LNG. BP and Eni, the Italian oil and gas company, together with Gas Natural Fenosa of Spain,", "Title: Egypt Content: Egypt Egypt ( ; , , ), officially the Arab Republic of Egypt, is a country spanning the northeast corner of Africa and southwest corner of Asia by a land bridge formed by the Sinai Peninsula. Egypt is a Mediterranean country bordered by the Gaza Strip and Israel to the northeast, the Gulf of Aqaba to the east, the Red Sea to the east and south, Sudan to the south, and Libya to the west. Across the Gulf of Aqaba lies Jordan, across the Red Sea lies Saudi Arabia, and across the Mediterranean lie Greece, Turkey and Cyprus, although none", "Title: Economy of Egypt Content: granted the rights to export natural gas from Egypt to Israel and other locations in the region via underwater pipelines from Al 'Arish to Ashkelon which will provide Israel Electric Corporation (IEC) of gas per day. Gas supply started experimentally in the second half of 2007. As of 2008, Egypt produces about , from which Israel imports of account for about 2.7% of Egypt's total production of natural gas. According to a statement released on 24 March 2008, Merhav and Ampal's director, Nimrod Novik, said that the natural gas pipeline from Egypt to Israel can carry up to 9 billion", "Title: Economy of Egypt Content: other governmental bodies are responsible for transportation in Egypt. Major ports are Alexandria, Port Said, and Damietta on the Mediterranean, and Suez, Ain Sokhna and Safaga on the Red Sea. The Egyptian tourism industry is one of the most important sectors in the economy, in terms of high employment and incoming foreign currency. It has many constituents of tourism, mainly historical attractions especially in Cairo, Luxor and Aswan, but also beach and other sea activities. The government actively promotes foreign tourism since it is a major source of currency and investment. The political instability since January 2011 caused a reduction", "Title: Economy of the Middle East Content: the Middle East. It produces food for consumption and export as well as cotton for domestic and foreign textile production. Egypt's other great resource is the Suez Canal. Roughly 7.5% of global sea trade transits the canal providing Egypt revenues in excess of $3 billion annually. Egypt's industrial base dates to the 1960s, when the nation undertook import substitution industrialization policies. The inefficiencies of the state-run program have led the government to begin a privatization program and as a result Egypt enjoyed substantial GDP growth in the first decade of the 21st century. It has also taken advantage of Qualifying", "Title: Economy of Egypt Content: rates currently stand at 10.5% and 12.5%, respectively. Reform of energy and food subsidies, privatization of the state-owned Bank of Cairo, and inflation targeting are perhaps the most controversial economic issues in 2007/2008 and 2008/2009. Egypt's trade balance marked US$10.36 billion in FY2005 compared to US$7.5 billion. Egypt's main exports consist of natural gas, and non-petroleum products such as ready-made clothes, cotton textiles, medical and petrochemical products, citrus fruits, rice and dried onion, and more recently cement, steel, and ceramics. Egypt's main imports consist of pharmaceuticals and non-petroleum products such as wheat, maize, cars and car spare parts. The current" ]

[ "Sudan" ]

[ "Title: Lionel Messi Content: was 20, Messi has been in a relationship with Antonella Roccuzzo, a fellow native of Rosario. He has known Roccuzzo since he was five years old, as she is the cousin of his best friend since childhood, Lucas Scaglia, who is also a football player. After keeping their relationship private for a year, Messi first confirmed their romance in an interview in January 2009, before going public a month later during a carnival in Sitges after the Barcelona–Espanyol derby. Messi and Roccuzzo have three sons: Thiago (born 2012), Mateo (born 2015) and Ciro (born 2018). To celebrate his partner's first", "Title: Messi (cougar) Content: Messi (cougar) Messi (Russian: Месси, born 2015) is a pet cougar owned by the Russian couple Alexandr and Mariya Dmitriev. The couple lives with Messi in a studio apartment in the city of Penza, Russia. Messi was adopted by the couple in 2016 from a local petting zoo. In 2017, the Dmitrievs started an Instagram account and a YouTube channel for Messi, and these became very popular by 2018. Messi was born in late 2015 in a zoo at Saransk, Mordovia, Russia. He was one of three newborn cougars at the zoo to be named after professional football players for", "Title: Chabeli Iglesias Content: was in the passenger seat when the vehicle rolled over several times and both passengers were ejected. On 8 October 2001, she married businessman Christian Fernando Altaba. Their son Alejandro Altaba was born prematurely on 14 January 2002. Alejandro's godparents are Julio Iglesias, Jr. and Ana Boyer. On 2 February 2010, Iglesias announced that she was pregnant with twin girls who were expected to be born in the summer of 2010. However, on 12 March 2010, \"People en Español\" reported that she had suffered a miscarriage. In February 2012 she announced that she and her husband had become parents of", "Title: Lionel Messi Content: that they were expecting another child. He missed training ahead of a match against Atlético Madrid to attend the birth of his second son, Mateo, on 11 September 2015 in Barcelona. On 30 June 2017, he married Roccuzzo at a luxury hotel named Hotel City Center in Rosario with about 260 guests attending his wedding. On 15 October 2017, his wife announced they were expecting their third child in an Instagram post, with the words \"Family of 5\". On 10 March 2018, Messi skipped the match against Málaga after Ciro was born. Messi enjoys a close relationship with his immediate", "Title: Messi (cougar) Content: discourages big cat domestication in general, they believe that Messi is a special case due to his calm personality and his health condition. Messi (cougar) Messi (Russian: Месси, born 2015) is a pet cougar owned by the Russian couple Alexandr and Mariya Dmitriev. The couple lives with Messi in a studio apartment in the city of Penza, Russia. Messi was adopted by the couple in 2016 from a local petting zoo. In 2017, the Dmitrievs started an Instagram account and a YouTube channel for Messi, and these became very popular by 2018. Messi was born in late 2015 in a", "Title: Sergio Agüero Content: has often been limited by injuries throughout his career. Aguero‘s regular goal celebration features in the \"FIFA\" video game \"FIFA 17\". Agüero was married to Gianinna Maradona, the youngest daughter of Argentine footballer Diego Maradona. On 19 February 2009, Gianinna gave birth to their son, Benjamín, in Madrid. Diego Maradona was there for the birth of his first grandson, while Agüero, then 20, missed Atlético's training session earlier in the day. Atlético offered their congratulations in a statement on their official website. Agüero and Gianinna separated in 2012 after four years together. Agüero's nickname \"Kun\", which features on his shirt,", "Title: Ronaldo (Brazilian footballer) Content: April 1999, Ronaldo married female Brazilian footballer Milene Domingues, at the time pregnant with the couple's first son, Ronald, who was born in Milan, on 6 April 2000. The marriage lasted four years. In 2005, Ronaldo became engaged to Brazilian model and MTV VJ Daniela Cicarelli, who became pregnant but suffered a miscarriage; the relationship lasted only three months after their luxurious wedding at the Château de Chantilly. The ceremony reportedly cost £700,000 (€896,000). Despite his fame – a 2003 poll by Nike listed him the world's most famous sportsperson (and third most famous person overall) – Ronaldo is protective", "Title: Raquel del Rosario Content: final, second-to-last. On 17 November 2006, she married Formula One racing driver Fernando Alonso. They lived in Oxford, England until they moved to Mont-sur-Rolle, near Lake Geneva, Switzerland in 2006. In February 2010 they moved to Lugano, Switzerland in order to be closer to his new Formula One employer Ferrari. On 20 December 2011 the couple announced their divorce to the press. In 2013, Raquel married Pedro Castro, a Galician photographer and film maker. He first met her while directing the video for her band's song \"Si no estás\". In 2014, she gave birth to their first child, Leo. Raquel", "Title: Lionel Messi Content: pregnancy, Messi placed the ball under his shirt after scoring in Argentina's 4–0 win against Ecuador on 2 June 2012, before confirming the pregnancy in an interview two weeks later. Thiago was born in Barcelona on 2 November 2012, with Messi attending the birth after being given permission by Barcelona to miss training. He announced his son's arrival on his Facebook page, writing, \"Today I am the happiest man in the world, my son was born and thanks to God for this gift!\" Thiago's name and handprints are tattooed on his left calf. In April 2015, Messi confirmed on Facebook", "Title: Julio Iglesias Content: married on 26 August 2010 in a small church in Marbella, Spain. They had five children: Miguel Alejandro Iglesias (born 7 September 1997), Rodrigo Iglesias (born 3 April 1999), twins Cristina and Victoria Iglesias (born 1 May 2001), and Guillermo Iglesias (born 5 May 2007). They took up residence in the Dominican Republic, where Iglesias had acquired several hotel complexes, as well as the Punta Cana International Airport, which he acquired jointly with other investors, including fashion designer Oscar de la Renta. On 19 December 2005, Iglesias's father, Julio Iglesias Sr., died of a heart attack at the age of" ]

[ "Antonella Roccuzzo" ]

[ "Title: African Union Content: Government was also discussed. In January 2008, President Jakaya Kikwete of Tanzania took over as chair, representing the East African region and thus apparently ending Sudan's attempt to become chair—at least till the rotation returns to East Africa. The current chair is Benin The main administrative capital of the African Union is in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, where the African Union Commission is headquartered. A new headquarters complex, the AU Conference Center and Office Complex (AUCC), was inaugurated on 28 January 2012, during the 18th AU summit. The complex was built by China State Construction Engineering Corporation as a gift from", "Title: Union Buildings Content: the national consciousness, a law in Pretoria limits the height of any building between the Voortrekker Monument and the Union Buildings such that the view between them remains unobstructed. The Union Buildings share duties with Cape Town as the seat of the South African Government. Pretoria shares duties with Cape Town and Bloemfontein as the capital cities of South Africa. The official seats of the President are the Union Buildings in Pretoria and the Tuynhuys in Cape Town. Union Buildings The Union Buildings form the official seat of the South African Government and also house the offices of the President", "Title: Geography of the African Union Content: Geography of the African Union The African Union covers almost the entirety of continental Africa and several off-shore islands. Consequently, it is wildly diverse, including the world's largest hot desert (the Sahara), huge jungles and savannas, and the world's longest river (the Nile). The AU presently has an area of 29,922,059 km² (18,592,705 mi²), with 24,165 km² (15,015 mi²) of coastline. The vast majority of this area is on continental Africa, while the only significant territory off the mainland is the island of Madagascar (the world's fourth largest), accounting for slightly less than 2% of the total. African Union at", "Title: South Africa Content: was later expelled from the ANC, won 6.4% of the vote and 25 seats. The ANC has been the governing political party in South Africa since the end of apartheid. South Africa has no legally defined capital city. The fourth chapter of the Constitution of South Africa, states that \"The seat of Parliament is Cape Town, but an Act of Parliament enacted in accordance with section 76(1) and (5) may determine that the seat of Parliament is elsewhere.\" The country's three branches of government are split over different cities. Cape Town, as the seat of Parliament, is the legislative capital;", "Title: Geography of the African Union Content: not changed since its founding. Cape Verde, Comoros, Mozambique, and São Tomé and Príncipe join the OAU. Zimbabwe joins the OAU. \"Most geographic data comes from the CIA World Factbook, 2006 edition.\" Geography of the African Union The African Union covers almost the entirety of continental Africa and several off-shore islands. Consequently, it is wildly diverse, including the world's largest hot desert (the Sahara), huge jungles and savannas, and the world's longest river (the Nile). The AU presently has an area of 29,922,059 km² (18,592,705 mi²), with 24,165 km² (15,015 mi²) of coastline. The vast majority of this area is", "Title: Union Buildings Content: Union Buildings The Union Buildings form the official seat of the South African Government and also house the offices of the President of South Africa. The imposing buildings are located in Pretoria, atop Meintjieskop at the northern end of Arcadia, close to historic Church Square and the Voortrekker Monument. The large gardens of the Buildings are nestled between Government Avenue, Vermeulen Street East, Church Street, the R104 and Blackwood Street. Fairview Avenue is a closed road where only officials can enter to the Union Buildings. Though not in the centre of Pretoria, the Union Buildings occupy the highest point of", "Title: Continental union Content: of both land mass and population. It includes all African countries. The African Union was formed as a successor to the Organization of African Unity (OAU). The most important decisions of the AU are made by the Assembly of the African Union, a semi-annual meeting of the heads of state and government of its member states. The AU's secretariat, the African Union Commission, is based in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. During the February 2009 Union meeting headed by former Libyan leader Gaddafi, it was resolved that the African Union Commission would become the African Union Authority. The African Union is made", "Title: 17th Ordinary African Union Summit Content: AU rules, the bloc’s political leadership rotates annually between Africa’s five geographic regions. In a resolution adopted at the close of their 16th summit, the heads of State and government said African foreign affairs ministers would meet in the Equatorial Guinea’s capital, Malabo, on 26–27 June 2011. Held under the theme: \"Accelerating Youth Empowerment for Sustainable Development\", the Ordinary Session of the Summit of the African Union officially began on Thursday June 23, 2011, with the 22nd Ordinary Session of the Permanent Representatives Committee (PRC). Delegates at the summit were accommodated in a purpose built deluxe \"city\", which according to", "Title: African Union Commission Content: African Union Commission The Commission of the African Union acts as the executive/administrative branch or secretariat of the AU (and is somewhat analogous to the European Commission). It consists of a number of Commissioners dealing with different areas of policy. The Commission is headquartered in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. It should be distinguished from the African Commission on Human and Peoples' Rights, (based in Banjul, Gambia), which is a separate body that reports to the African Union. On September 13, 2005 an agreement was reached by the Commission and France whereby France would donate €5 million for the furtherance of African", "Title: South Africa Content: Pretoria, as the seat of the President and Cabinet, is the administrative capital; and Bloemfontein, as the seat of the Supreme Court of Appeal, is the judicial capital, while the Constitutional Court of South Africa sits in Johannesburg. Most foreign embassies are located in Pretoria. Since 2004, South Africa has had many thousands of popular protests, some violent, making it, according to one academic, the \"most protest-rich country in the world\". There have been a number of incidents of political repression as well as threats of future repression in violation of the constitution, leading some analysts and civil society organisations" ]

[ "Addis Ababa" ]

[ "Title: Kim Richards Content: Kim Richards Kim Erica Richards (born September 19, 1964) is an American former child actress (\"Nanny and the Professor\") and television personality (\"The Real Housewives of Beverly Hills\"). Richards was born September 19, 1964 in Mineola, New York, the daughter of Kathleen Mary (née Dugan) and Kenneth Edwin Richards. They separated in 1972 and her mother later remarried. Her sisters are the actresses Kathy Hilton (from her mother's first marriage) and Kyle Richards (born 1969). Socialites Nicky and Paris Hilton are her nieces, daughters of her half-sister, Kathy. She is of Welsh and Irish ancestry. Richards' career began when she", "Title: Kim Richards Content: She was booked into the Van Nuys jail and released on August 3 after posting a $5,000 bail. Kim Richards Kim Erica Richards (born September 19, 1964) is an American former child actress (\"Nanny and the Professor\") and television personality (\"The Real Housewives of Beverly Hills\"). Richards was born September 19, 1964 in Mineola, New York, the daughter of Kathleen Mary (née Dugan) and Kenneth Edwin Richards. They separated in 1972 and her mother later remarried. Her sisters are the actresses Kathy Hilton (from her mother's first marriage) and Kyle Richards (born 1969). Socialites Nicky and Paris Hilton are her", "Title: Kim Richards Content: about Collett's murder on an episode of \"The Real Housewives of Beverly Hills\". Later, she was in a long-term relationship with aircraft-parts supplier John Jackson. She gave birth to their daughter, Kimberly Jackson, in 1995. On April 15, 2015, Richards was arrested and charged with trespassing, public intoxication, resisting an officer, and battery on a police officer at the Beverly Hills Hotel. Richards spent the night in Los Angeles County Jail and was released the next morning on a $20,000 bail. She was arrested again on August 2, 2015, for allegedly shoplifting at a San Fernando Valley Target department store.", "Title: Denise Richards Content: Denise Richards Denise Lee Richards (born February 17, 1971) is an American actress and former fashion model. She has appeared in numerous films, including \"Starship Troopers\" (1997), \"Wild Things\" (1998), \"Drop Dead Gorgeous\" (1999), \"The World Is Not Enough\" (1999) as Bond girl Christmas Jones, \"Valentine\" (2001), and \"Undercover Brother\" (2002). From 2008 to 2009, she starred on the E! reality show \"\". In 2010 and 2011, she was a series regular on the comedy \"Blue Mountain State\". She is currently starring in the Bravo reality show, \"The Real Housewives of Beverly Hills\", joining in the ninth season. Richards was", "Title: Kim Richards Content: children: a daughter, Whitney Davis, and a son, Chad Davis. Richards and Davis divorced in 1991. First husband Brinson died of cancer on January 25, 2016, at age 58. Richards was engaged to commodities salesman John J. Collett, a central figure in a criminal scheme involving 8,000 elderly investors and nearly $150 million in losses. On October 28, 1991, he was murdered outside Brent's Deli in Northridge. He was shot twice in the head at point-blank range by a hit man who had been paid $30,000. He was speaking with Kim on the phone when the shooting occurred. Richards spoke", "Title: Kim Richards Content: was months old and appeared in a TV commercial for Firth Carpet. From 1970-71, she starred as Prudence Everett in the television series \"Nanny and the Professor\", with costars Juliet Mills, Richard Long, David Doremus, and Trent Lehman. She also starred in several Disney films, including \"Escape to Witch Mountain\", \"No Deposit, No Return\", and \"Return from Witch Mountain\". In 1974 and 1976, she appeared in Disney's \"Whiz Kid Capers\" series (\"The Whiz Kid and the Mystery at Riverton\" and \"The Whiz Kid and the Carnival Caper\"), two television movies which aired as part of \"The Wonderful World of Disney\"", "Title: The Real Housewives of Beverly Hills (season 1) Content: on several television programs such as, \"Nanny and the Professor\", \"James at 15\", \"Hello, Larry\", \"Diff'rent Strokes\", \"CHiPS\" and \"Magnum, P.I.\" Kim Richards' career came to an end when she retired after starring in the feature film \"Tuff Turf\", alongside James Spader and Robert Downey Jr.. She focused her time on raising her family of four kids, Brooke, Whitney, Chad, and Kimberly. She continues to work running a jewelry and water bottle line in which proceeds go to charity. Kyle Richards, like her sister, is also a former child actress who landed her first role in \"Escape to Witch Mountain\"", "Title: Kyle Richards Content: her half-nieces. Richards began acting in 1974. She appeared in 18 episodes of the television series \"Little House on the Prairie\" as Alicia Sanderson Edwards. Her sister, Kim, was also an actress. In the 1970s, Richards appeared on several television series and in a few horror films, including the cult classic \"Halloween\" (1978). In 1980, she appeared opposite Bette Davis and Lynn-Holly Johnson in \"The Watcher in the Woods\". Most of her 1980s roles were minor, and included made-for-television, direct-to-video, or other video work. Subsequent roles included Nurse Dori in 21 episodes of \"ER\" (1998–2006) and Lisa, a supporting character", "Title: Denise Richards Content: – Action, for the same film. Later that year, Richards starred alongside Kirsten Dunst in the beauty pageant satire, \"Drop Dead Gorgeous\". Richards, playing a spoiled princess, was praised for her performance by \"Los Angeles Times\" for being \"as rightly nasty as she is pretty\". In 2001, she guest-starred in \"Friends\" as Ross and Monica Geller's cousin, Cassie Geller in the episode \"The One with Ross and Monica's Cousin\". Later that year she appeared in four episodes of \"Spin City\" as Jennifer Duncan, a love interest of Charlie Sheen's character. She starred as Sheen's character's ex-girlfriend two years later in", "Title: Kim Richards Content: 2010, Richards began appearing as a regular cast member of \"The Real Housewives of Beverly Hills\", alongside her sister Kyle. After five seasons, Kim was let go as a full-time cast member following her personal struggles. However, she returned as a guest star in the show's sixth season. In 1985, Richards married Monty Brinson, a supermarket-franchise heir who later became a professional poker player. In 1986, the couple had a daughter, Brooke. Brinson and Richards divorced in 1988. Later that year Richards married Gregg Davis, son of petroleum mogul Marvin Davis and his wife Barbara Davis. The couple have two" ]

[ "Tuff Turf", "No Deposit, No Return", "Devil Dog: The Hound of Hell", "Black Snake Moan", "Escape to Witch Mountain", "Return from Witch Mountain", "Race to Witch Mountain", "Meatballs Part II", "The Car" ]

[ "Title: The Voyage of Charles Darwin Content: The Voyage of Charles Darwin The Voyage of Charles Darwin was a 1978 BBC television serial depicting the life of Charles Darwin, focusing largely on his voyage on . The series encompasses his university days to the 1859 publication of his book \"On the Origin of Species\" and his death and is loosely based on Darwin's own letters, diaries, and journals, especially \"The Voyage of the Beagle\" and \"The Autobiography of Charles Darwin\". It starred Malcolm Stoddard as Darwin and Andrew Burt as Captain Robert FitzRoy. The barque was refitted to depict HMS \"Beagle\". The series was repeated in December", "Title: Beagle: In Darwin's wake Content: Beagle: In Darwin's wake Beagle: In het kielzog van Darwin (English: \"Beagle: In Darwin's wake\") was a Dutch-Flemish television series from 2009 and 2010 initiated by the VPRO in collaboration with Teleac (Dutch educational broadcaster) and Canvas to commemorate the 150th anniversary of Charles Darwin's \"On the Origin of Species\". The series is centered on an 8-month voyage around the world on board of the clipper Stad Amsterdam which follows the route of the five-year-long voyage of Charles Darwin on board of the ship HMS Beagle between 1831 and 1836. The Stad Amsterdam departed from the English port of Plymouth", "Title: HMS Beagle Content: in ordinary\", moored afloat but without masts or rigging. She was then adapted as a survey barque and took part in three survey expeditions. The second voyage of HMS \"Beagle\" is notable for carrying the recently graduated naturalist Charles Darwin around the world. While the survey work was carried out, Darwin travelled and researched geology, natural history and ethnology onshore. He gained fame by publishing his diary journal, best known as \"The Voyage of the Beagle\", and his findings played a pivotal role in the formation of his scientific theories on evolution and natural selection. The of 10-gun brig-sloops was", "Title: SS Empire Darwin Content: SS Empire Darwin Empire Darwin was a British CAM ship built in 1941 by William Gray & Co. Ltd., West Hartlepool, United Kingdom for the Ministry of War Transport (MoWT). Her Hawker Sea Hurricane was involved in the last action by an aircraft flown off a CAM ship, shooting down a Focke-Wulf Fw 200 Condor on 28 July 1943. She was sold into merchant service in 1945 and renamed Culrain in 1946. In 1953, she was in collision with a Spanish ship in the Strait of Gibraltar, sinking her. In 1959, she was sold to Lebanon and renamed Mersinidi, operating", "Title: Mount Darwin (Andes) Content: Shipton was first climbed in 1962 by Eric Shipton, E. Garcia, F. Vivanco and C. Marangunic. Mount Darwin was given its name during the voyage of the \"Beagle\" by HMS \"Beagle\"'s captain Robert FitzRoy to celebrate Charles Darwin's 25th birthday on 12 February 1834. A year earlier FitzRoy had named an expanse of water to the southwest of the mountain the Darwin Sound to commemorate Darwin's quick wit and courage in saving them from being marooned when waves from a mass of ice splitting off a glacier threatened their boats. The mountain is part of Alberto de Agostini National Park.", "Title: SS Ellengowan Content: any way, in an effort to preserve the remaining structure and artefacts for the enjoyment of future generations of site visitors. SS Ellengowan SS \"Ellengowan\" was a schooner rigged, single screw steamer built by Akers Mekaniske Verksted in Christiania (Oslo) Norway, under her original name, \"Nøkken\". The vessel was powered by sail and a vertical direct acting steam engine. \"Ellengowan\" sank at its moorings, unmanned, during the night of 27 April 1888 in Port Darwin and was abandoned. 103 years later, in 1991, she was discovered by divers making it the oldest known shipwreck in Darwin Harbour. Built in 1866", "Title: History of Darwin Content: near Pine Creek, about south of Darwin, which further boosted the young colony's development. In 1872, Government House (also known as the \"House of Seven Gables\") was built, then in the 1880s it was pulled down and rebuilt. In February 1875, the SS Gothenburg left Darwin for Adelaide with approximately 100 passengers and 34 crew (surviving records vary). Many passengers and crew were Darwin residents. On 24 February, in heavy storms she hit a reef at low tide off the north Queensland coast and sank with the loss of about 102 lives. The tragedy severely affected Darwin’s population and economy", "Title: Second voyage of HMS Beagle Content: Charles Lyell's \"Principles of Geology\" during the voyage. By the end of the expedition, Darwin had already made his name as a geologist and fossil collector, and the publication of his journal which became known as \"The Voyage of the Beagle\" gave him wide renown as a writer. \"Beagle\" sailed across the Atlantic Ocean, and then carried out detailed hydrographic surveys around the coasts of the southern part of South America, returning via Tahiti and Australia after having circumnavigated the Earth. While the expedition was originally planned to last two years, it lasted almost five. Darwin spent most of this", "Title: Introduction to evolution Content: at these museums. Darwin served as a ship's naturalist on board HMS \"Beagle\", assigned to a five-year research expedition around the world. During his voyage, he observed and collected an abundance of organisms, being very interested in the diverse forms of life along the coasts of South America and the neighboring Galápagos Islands. Darwin gained extensive experience as he collected and studied the natural history of life forms from distant places. Through his studies, he formulated the idea that each species had developed from ancestors with similar features. In 1838, he described how a process he called natural selection would", "Title: Alexander von Humboldt Content: a big inspiration for Poe's project. \"Alexander von Humboldt\" is also a German ship named after the scientist originally built in 1906 by the German shipyard AG Weser at Bremen as Reserve Sonderburg. She was operated throughout the North and Baltic Seas until being retired in 1986. Subsequently, she was converted into a three masted barque by the German shipyard Motorwerke Bremerhaven and was re-launched in 1988 as \"Alexander von Humboldt\". Simón Bolívar wrote that \"The real discoverer of South America was Humboldt, since his work was more useful for our people than the work of all conquerors.\" Charles Darwin" ]

[ "HMS Beagle" ]

[ "Title: Christopher Columbus Content: Christopher Columbus Christopher Columbus (; before 31 October 145120 May 1506) was an Italian explorer, navigator, and colonist who completed four voyages across the Atlantic Ocean under the auspices of the Catholic Monarchs of Spain. He led the first European expeditions to the Caribbean, Central America, and South America, initiating the permanent European colonization of the Americas. Columbus discovered the viable sailing route to the Americas, a continent which was not then known to the Old World. While what he thought he had discovered was a route to the Far East, he is credited with the opening of the Americas", "Title: Maritime history of Europe Content: scale. Christopher Columbus set sail in the \"Santa Maria\" on what is probably history’s most well known voyage of discovery on August 3, 1492. Leaving from the town of Palos, in southern Spain, Columbus headed west. After a brief stop in the Canary Islands for provisions and repairs, he set out for Asia. He reached San Salvador first, it is believed, (easternmost of the Bahamas) in October, and then sailed past Cuba and Hispaniola, still searching for Asia. He returned home in 1493 to a hero's welcome, and within six months had 1,500 men and 17 vessels at his command.", "Title: Christopher Columbus Content: shown differs from other images, including that of the \"Virgin of the Navigators.\" Footnotes Citations Bibliography Christopher Columbus Christopher Columbus (; before 31 October 145120 May 1506) was an Italian explorer, navigator, and colonist who completed four voyages across the Atlantic Ocean under the auspices of the Catholic Monarchs of Spain. He led the first European expeditions to the Caribbean, Central America, and South America, initiating the permanent European colonization of the Americas. Columbus discovered the viable sailing route to the Americas, a continent which was not then known to the Old World. While what he thought he had discovered", "Title: Christopher Columbus Content: and institutions in the Western Hemisphere bear his name, including the country of Colombia. The name \"Christopher Columbus\" is the Anglicisation of the Latin Christophorus Columbus. His name in Ligurian is Cristòffa Cómbo, in Italian Cristoforo Colombo and in Spanish Cristóbal Colón. He was born before 31 October 1451 in the territory of the Republic of Genoa (now part of modern Italy), though the exact location remains disputed. His father was Domenico Colombo, a middle-class wool weaver who worked both in Genoa and Savona and who also owned a cheese stand at which young Christopher worked as a helper. His", "Title: Christopher Columbus Content: astronomy, and history. He formulated a plan to seek a western sea passage to the East Indies, hoping to profit from the lucrative spice trade. After years of lobbying, the Catholic Monarchs of Spain agreed to sponsor a journey west, in the name of the Crown of Castile. Columbus left Spain in August 1492 with three ships, and after a stopover in the Canary Islands made landfall in the Americas on 12 October (now celebrated as Columbus Day). His landing place was an island in the Bahamas, known by its native inhabitants as Guanahani; its exact location is uncertain. Columbus", "Title: Christopher Columbus Content: for conquest and settlement by Europeans. Columbus's early life is somewhat obscure, but scholars generally agree that he was born in the Republic of Genoa and spoke a dialect of Ligurian as his first language. He went to sea at a young age and travelled widely, as far north as the British Isles (and possibly Iceland) and as far south as what is now Ghana. He married a Portuguese woman and was based in Lisbon for several years, but later took a Spanish mistress; he had one son with each woman. Though largely self-educated, Columbus was widely read in geography,", "Title: Maritime history Content: trading routes and partners to feed burgeoning capitalism in Europe. Historians often refer to the 'Age of Discovery' as the pioneer Portuguese and later Spanish long-distance maritime travels in search of alternative trade routes to \"the East Indies\", moved by the trade of gold, silver and spices. In the process, Europeans encountered peoples and mapped lands previously unknown to them. Christopher Columbus was a navigator and maritime explorer who is one of several historical figures credited as the discoverer of the Americas. It is generally believed that he was born in Genoa, although other theories and possibilities exist. Columbus' voyages", "Title: Luis de Torres Content: Spaniard\" in Columbus's Atlantic crossing as a proof for the antiquity of Arab American history. The legendary San Salvador speech is said here to have taken place in Arabic. These conjectures have been given credentials in an article by Phyllis McIntosh in the U. S. State Department's publication \"Washington File\" (August 23, 2004): \"It is likely that Christopher Columbus, who discovered America in 1492, charted his way across the Atlantic Ocean with the help of an Arab navigator.\" Luis de Torres Luis de Torres (died 1493) was Christopher Columbus's interpreter on his first voyage to America. After arriving at Cuba,", "Title: Voyages of Christopher Columbus Content: \"India\". On November 3, 1493, Christopher Columbus landed on a rugged shore on an island that he named Dominica. On the same day, he landed at Marie-Galante, which he named Santa María la Galante. After sailing past Les Saintes (Todos los Santos), he arrived at Guadeloupe (Santa María de Guadalupe), which he explored between November 4 and November 10, 1493. The exact course of his voyage through the Lesser Antilles is debated, but it seems likely that he turned north, sighting and naming many islands including Santa María de Montserrat (Montserrat), Santa María la Antigua (Antigua), Santa María la Redonda", "Title: Origin theories of Christopher Columbus Content: his birth, the island of Sardinia was partially under Genoese economic and political rule, until it was conquered at the end of 15th century by the Kingdom of Aragon. Christòval Colòn would be born in 1436 and he spent his youth studying nautical science, and he spoke both Italian and Spanish. In Calvi, a town on the north coast of Corsica, France, which used to be part of the Genoese Empire, one can see the ruins of a house that locals believe to be Columbus' birthplace. Norwegians Svein Grodys and writer Tor Borch Sannes have investigated the anecdote that Columbus" ]

[ "Portugal" ]

[ "Title: Henri Rousseau Content: Henri Rousseau Henri Julien Félix Rousseau (; May 21, 1844 – September 2, 1910) was a French post-impressionist painter in the Naïve or Primitive manner. He was also known as Le Douanier (the customs officer), a humorous description of his occupation as a toll and tax collector. He started painting seriously in his early forties; by age 49, he retired from his job to work on his art full-time. Ridiculed during his lifetime by critics, he came to be recognized as a self-taught genius whose works are of high artistic quality. Rousseau's work exerted an extensive influence on several generations", "Title: Jacques Rousseau (painter) Content: Jacques Rousseau (painter) Jacques Rousseau (June 4, 1630 – December 16, 1693) was a French painter. A member of a Huguenot family, Rousseau was born at Paris. He was noted as a painter of \"trompe l'œil\", decorative landscapes and classic ruins, somewhat in the style of Canaletto, but without his delicacy of touch; he appears also to have been influenced by Nicolas Poussin. While young Rousseau went to Rome, where he spent some years in painting the ancient ruins, together with the surrounding landscapes. He thus formed his style, which was artificial and conventionally decorative. His colouring for the most", "Title: Henri Rousseau Content: Musée d'Orsay, where the show also appeared. The exhibition, encompassing 49 of his paintings, was on display at the National Gallery of Art in Washington from July 16 to October 15, 2006. A major collection of Rousseau's work was shown at the Grand Palais from March 15 to June 19, 2006. Much of the information in this article was taken from \"Henri Rousseau Jungles in Paris\", The Tate Gallery, pamphlet accompanying the 2005 exhibition. Henri Rousseau Henri Julien Félix Rousseau (; May 21, 1844 – September 2, 1910) was a French post-impressionist painter in the Naïve or Primitive manner. He", "Title: Henri Rousseau Content: depicting a person in the foreground. Rousseau's flat, seemingly childish style was disparaged by many critics; people often were shocked by his work or ridiculed it. His ingenuousness was extreme, and he always aspired, in vain, to conventional acceptance. Many observers commented that he painted like a child, but the work shows sophistication with his particular technique. Rousseau's work exerted an extensive influence on several generations of avant-garde artists, including Pablo Picasso, Jean Hugo, Fernand Léger Jean Metzinger, Max Beckmann, and the Surrealists. According to Roberta Smith, an art critic writing in \"The New York Times\", \"Beckmann’s amazing self-portraits, for", "Title: Jacques Rousseau (painter) Content: painter in oil and fresco Rousseau was an etcher of some ability; many etchings by his hand from the works of the Annibale Caracci and from his own designs still exist; they are vigorous, though coarse in execution. He was influenced by the painter Herman van Swanevelt, whose sister he married. Jacques Rousseau (painter) Jacques Rousseau (June 4, 1630 – December 16, 1693) was a French painter. A member of a Huguenot family, Rousseau was born at Paris. He was noted as a painter of \"trompe l'œil\", decorative landscapes and classic ruins, somewhat in the style of Canaletto, but without", "Title: French art Content: a decorative art in flat plains with the graphic approach of a Japanese print. They preached that a work of art is the end product and the visual expression of an artist's synthesis of nature in personal aesthetic metaphors and symbols. Henri Rousseau, the self-taught dabbling postmaster, became the model for the naïve revolution. The early years of the twentieth century were dominated by experiments in colour and content that Impressionism and Post-Impressionism had unleashed. The products of the far east also brought new influences. At roughly the same time, Les Fauves (Henri Matisse, André Derain, Maurice de Vlaminck, Albert", "Title: Tiger in a Tropical Storm Content: artists. The painting received mixed reviews. Rousseau had been a late developer: his first known work, \"Landscape with a Windmill\", was not produced until he was 35, and his work is marked by a naïveté of composition that belies its technical complexity. Most critics mocked Rousseau's work as childish, but Félix Vallotton, a young Swiss painter who was later to be an important figure in the development of the modern woodcut, said of it: He (Rousseaues tiger) is derived from a motif found in the drawings and paintings of Eugène Delacroix. It was claimed, either by Rousseau himself or by", "Title: Henri Rousseau Content: major museum exhibitions of his work were held in 1984–85 (in Paris, at the Grand Palais; and in New York, at the Museum of Modern Art) and in 2001 (Tübingen, Germany). \"These efforts countered the persona of the humble, oblivious naïf by detailing his assured single-mindedness and tracked the extensive influence his work exerted on several generations of vanguard artists,\" critic Roberta Smith wrote in a review of a later exhibition. A major exhibition of his work, \"Henri Rousseau: Jungles in Paris\", was shown at the Tate Modern from November 2005 for four months, organised by the Tate and the", "Title: Henri Rousseau Content: of avant-garde artists. Rousseau was born in Laval, Mayenne, France, in 1844 into the family of a tinsmith; he was forced to work there as a small boy. He attended Laval High School as a day student, and then as a boarder after his father became a debtor and his parents had to leave the town upon the seizure of their house. Though mediocre in some of his high school subjects, Rousseau won prizes for drawing and music. After high school, he worked for a lawyer and studied law, but \"attempted a small perjury and sought refuge in the army.\"", "Title: Jacques Rousseau (painter) Content: part is unpleasing, partly owing to his violent treatment of skies with crude blues and orange, and his chiaroscuro usually is much exaggerated. On his return to Paris he soon became distinguished as a painter, and was employed by Louis XIV and Philippe d'Orleans to decorate walls at Versailles, Saint Germain, Marly and other locations (all destroyed except two at Versailles). He was soon admitted a member of the Académie de peinture et de sculpture, but on the revocation of the edict of Nantes he was obliged to take refuge in Holland, and his name was struck off the Academy" ]

[ "Post-Impressionism" ]

[ "Title: John Edwards Content: for alleged violations of campaign finance laws. On June 3, 2011, Edwards was indicted by a federal grand jury in North Carolina on six felony charges, including four counts of collecting illegal campaign contributions, one count of conspiracy, and one count of making false statements. After postponing the start of the trial while Edwards was treated for a heart condition in February 2012, Judge Catherine Eagles of the U.S. District Court for the Middle District of North Carolina scheduled jury selection to begin on April 12, 2012. Edwards's trial began on April 23, 2012, as he faced up to 30", "Title: Edwin Edwards Content: Democrats\", was long dogged by charges of corruption. In 2001, he was found guilty of racketeering charges and sentenced to ten years in federal prison. Edwards began serving his sentence in October 2002 in Fort Worth, Texas, and was later transferred to the federal facility in Oakdale, Louisiana. He was released from federal prison in January 2011, having served eight years. He was released from probation in 2013. Without a pardon, Edwards remains ineligible to seek the governorship until 15 years have passed from the end of his sentence. In 2014, Edwards ran in the 2014 election to represent in", "Title: Edwin Edwards Content: put pressure on lawmakers. In February 1985, soon after his third term began, Edwards was forced to stand trial on charges of mail fraud, obstruction of justice, and bribery, brought by U.S. Attorney John Volz. The charges were centered around an alleged scheme in which Edwards and his associates received almost $2 million in exchange for granting preferential treatment to companies dealing with state hospitals. Edwards proclaimed his innocence and insisted that the charges were politically motivated by Volz and the Republican Party. The first trial resulted in a mistrial in December 1985, while a second trial in 1986 resulted", "Title: John Edwards extramarital affair Content: came after the failure of intensive negotiations for a plea bargain agreement. The agreement would have meant that Edwards would have been required to plead guilty to three misdemeanor campaign finance law violations, in addition to a six-month prison sentence, but would have allowed Edwards to keep his law license. After delays, due to John Edwards' medical condition, jury selection for the trial began on April 12, 2012. Opening arguments began on April 23, 2012. A verdict (not guilty on one count and a mistrial on the remaining five) to the trial was reached on May 31, 2012. The trial", "Title: John Edwards Content: John Edwards Johnny Reid \"John\" Edwards (born June 10, 1953) is an American lawyer and former politician who served as a U.S. Senator from North Carolina. He was the Democratic nominee for Vice President in 2004, and was a candidate for the Democratic presidential nomination in 2004 and 2008. Edwards defeated incumbent Republican Lauch Faircloth in North Carolina's 1998 Senate election. Towards the end of his single six-year term, he sought the Democratic Party's nomination in the 2004 presidential election. He eventually became the 2004 Democratic candidate for vice president, the running mate of presidential nominee Senator John Kerry of", "Title: Edwin Edwards Content: conjunction with a scheme to locate a private juvenile prison in Jena in La Salle Parish, Edwards was indicted in 1998 by the federal government with prosecution led by U.S. Attorney Eddie Jordan. The prosecution soon released transcripts of audio conversations, and excerpts of video surveillance that seemed to indicate dubious financial transactions. The Edwards investigation also resulted in the conviction of San Francisco 49ers owner Edward J. DeBartolo, Jr., who admitted to paying Edwards a $400,000 bribe in exchange for Edwards's assistance in securing a riverboat casino license. Edwards was found guilty on seventeen of twenty-six counts, including racketeering,", "Title: John Edwards Content: to the malpractice arena. John Edwards Johnny Reid \"John\" Edwards (born June 10, 1953) is an American lawyer and former politician who served as a U.S. Senator from North Carolina. He was the Democratic nominee for Vice President in 2004, and was a candidate for the Democratic presidential nomination in 2004 and 2008. Edwards defeated incumbent Republican Lauch Faircloth in North Carolina's 1998 Senate election. Towards the end of his single six-year term, he sought the Democratic Party's nomination in the 2004 presidential election. He eventually became the 2004 Democratic candidate for vice president, the running mate of presidential nominee", "Title: Edwin Edwards Content: extortion, money laundering, mail fraud and wire fraud; his son Stephen was convicted on 18 counts. \"I did not do anything wrong as a governor, even if you accept the verdict as it is, it doesn't indicate that,\" Edwards told the press after his conviction. On his way to prison he said, \"I will be a model prisoner, as I have been a model citizen\". From 2002 to 2004 Edwin Edwards was incarcerated at the Federal Medical Center in Fort Worth, Texas. Edwards' sometime co-conspirator, Cecil Brown, a Eunice cattleman, was convicted for his part in the payoffs in 2002.", "Title: John Edwards extramarital affair Content: Rielle Hunter also released a book about the relationship and announced her breakup with Edwards on the day of the book's release in 2012. On February 9, 2016, Hunter spoke on \"Steve Harvey\" in her first televised interview in almost five years, Hunter, 51, said that the couple were actually still together up until February 2015. On June 3, 2011, Edwards was indicted by a North Carolina grand jury on six felony charges. Edwards faced a maximum sentence of thirty years in prison and a $1.5 million fine, or a USD250,000 fine and/or five years imprisonment per charge. The indictment", "Title: Dennis Edwards Jr. Content: by Edward I. Koch in 1981. In 1980, Edwards was named an acting justice of New York Supreme Court, and several months later, presided over his best-known case, that of Mark David Chapman, who killed John Lennon. The charge was second-degree murder, which carried a maximum sentence of 25 years to life. After several hearings regarding his competency and against the advice of his lawyer, Chapman pleaded guilty on June 22, 1981. In accepting the plea, Judge Edwards informed Chapman that he would hand down a sentence of only 20 years to life because he had entered his guilty plea" ]

[ "Political corruption" ]

[ "Title: Huey P. Newton Content: Huey P. Newton Huey Percy Newton (February 17, 1942 – August 22, 1989) was a revolutionary African-American political activist who, along with Bobby Seale, co-founded the Black Panther Party in 1965. He continued to pursue graduate studies, eventually earning a Ph.D. in social philosophy. In 1989 he was murdered in Oakland, California by Tyrone Robinson, a member of the Black Guerrilla Family, in a dispute over drug dealing. Newton was born in Monroe, Louisiana, in 1942 during World War II, the youngest of seven children of Armelia (Johnson) and Walter Newton, a sharecropper and Baptist lay preacher. His parents named", "Title: Huey P. Newton Content: One suit was against the FBI and other government officials, while the other was initially against the City of Chicago. Later, Newton's widow, Frederika Newton, would discuss her husband's often-ignored academic learnings on C-SPAN's \"American Perspectives\" program on February 18, 2006. On August 22, 1989, Newton was murdered in the neighborhood of Lower Bottoms, in West Oakland, California. Within days, Tyrone Robinson was arrested as a suspect; he was on parole and admitted to the murder to police, claiming self-defense. Police found no evidence that Newton was carrying a gun. Robinson was convicted of first-degree murder in 1991 and sentenced", "Title: Huey P. Newton Content: to a prison term of 32 years to life. Robinson's motive was to advance in the Black Guerrilla Family, a narcotics prison gang, in order to get a crack franchise. Newton had become addicted to cocaine and entrenched in cyclic need to finance his evergrowing consumption of the drug, often owing large sums of money to impatient and violent drug dealers. Newton's funeral was held at Allen Temple Baptist Church, where he was a member. Some 1300 mourners were accommodated inside, and another 500–600 listened to the service from outside. Newton's achievements in civil rights and work on behalf of", "Title: Huey P. Newton Content: the community with the only strength that we have and that's the strength of a potentially destructive force if we don't get freedom. Huey P. Newton Huey Percy Newton (February 17, 1942 – August 22, 1989) was a revolutionary African-American political activist who, along with Bobby Seale, co-founded the Black Panther Party in 1965. He continued to pursue graduate studies, eventually earning a Ph.D. in social philosophy. In 1989 he was murdered in Oakland, California by Tyrone Robinson, a member of the Black Guerrilla Family, in a dispute over drug dealing. Newton was born in Monroe, Louisiana, in 1942 during", "Title: Huey P. Newton Content: David Hilliard took Newton to Oakland's Kaiser Hospital, where he was admitted with a bullet wound to the abdomen. Newton was soon handcuffed to his bed and arrested for Frey's killing. A doctor, Thomas Finch, and nurse, Corrine Leonard, attended to Newton when he arrived at the hospital, and Finch described Newton as 'agitated' when he was asking for treatment and that Newton received a tranquilizer to calm him. Newton was convicted in September 1968 of voluntary manslaughter for the killing of Frey and was sentenced to 2 to 15 years in prison. In May 1970, the California Appellate Court", "Title: A Huey P. Newton Story Content: the University of California Santa Cruz, where he obtained a PhD in the History of Consciousness program. On August 22, 1989, Newton was shot and killed in Oakland. The producers of the film created a project that went on to win various awards for their work. Both Smith and Lee brought to life the story of the activist and presented it on PBS. This movie is a production of BLACK STARZ! and Luna Ray Films in collaboration with PBS and the African Heritage Network. Smith’s performance is composed on a simple dark stage with a couple of screens in the", "Title: Huey P. Newton Content: black children and families with the Black Panther Party were celebrated. Newton's body was cremated, and his ashes were interred at Evergreen Cemetery in Oakland. [Outro: Huey P. Newton] Uh, we view each other with a great love and a great understanding. And that we try to expand this to the general black population, and also, people-- oppressed people all over the world. And, I think that we differ from some other groups simply because we understand the system better than most groups understand the system. And with this realization, we attempt to form a strong political base based in", "Title: Huey P. Newton Content: Police Department officer John Frey. Realizing who Newton was, Frey called for backup. After fellow officer Herbert Heanes arrived, shots were fired, and all three were wounded. Heanes testified that the shooting began after Newton was under arrest, and one witness testified that Newton shot Frey with Frey's own gun as they wrestled. No gun on either Frey or Newton was found. Newton stated that Frey shot him first, which made him lose consciousness during the incident. Frey was shot four times and died within the hour, while Heanes was left in serious condition with three bullet wounds. Black Panther", "Title: Huey P. Newton Content: to industrial cities of the West Coast for jobs in the defense industry; some continued to settle in northern and midwestern cities as well. The Newton family was close-knit, but quite poor. They moved often within the San Francisco Bay Area during Newton's childhood. Despite this, Newton said he never went without food and shelter as a child. As a teenager, he was arrested several times for criminal offenses, including gun possession and vandalism at age 14. Growing up in Oakland, Newton stated that he was \"made to feel ashamed of being black.\" In his autobiography, \"Revolutionary Suicide\", he wrote,", "Title: Huey P. Newton Content: subsequently arrested a second time for the murder of Smith, but was able to post an additional $80,000 bond, thus securing his release until trial. Newton and his girlfriend (later his wife) Gwen Fontaine then fled to Havana, Cuba, where they lived until 1977, which prevented further prosecution on the two charges. Elaine Brown took over as chairperson of the Black Panther Party in his absence. Newton returned to the United States in 1977 to stand trial for the murder of Smith and the assault on Callins. In October 1977, three Black Panthers attempted to assassinate Crystal Gray, a key" ]

[ "Oakland" ]

[ "Title: Johannes Gutenberg Content: Johannes Gutenberg Johannes Gensfleisch zur Laden zum Gutenberg (; – February 3, 1468) was a German blacksmith, goldsmith, inventor, printer, and publisher who introduced printing to Europe with the printing press. His introduction of mechanical movable type printing to Europe started the Printing Revolution and is regarded as a milestone of the second millennium, ushering in the modern period of human history. It played a key role in the development of the Renaissance, Reformation, the Age of Enlightenment, and the scientific revolution and laid the material basis for the modern knowledge-based economy and the spread of learning to the masses.", "Title: Publishing Content: the development of books. The Chinese inventor Bi Sheng made movable type of earthenware circa 1045, but there are no known surviving examples of his printing. Around 1450, in what is commonly regarded as an independent invention, Johannes Gutenberg invented movable type in Europe, along with innovations in casting the type based on a matrix and hand mould. This invention gradually made books less expensive to produce, and more widely available. Early printed books, single sheets and images which were created before 1501 in Europe are known as incunables or \"incunabula\". \"A man born in 1453, the year of the", "Title: Schweipolt Fiol Content: Poland. Unfortunately his attempts to reform the state led to the Partitions of Poland carried out by Prussia, Austria and Russia. The world's first movable type printing technology was invented and developed in China by the Han Chinese printer Bi Sheng between the years 1041 and 1048. In the West, the invention of an improved movable type mechanical printing technology in Europe is credited to the German printer Johannes Gutenberg in 1450. The exact date of Gutenberg's press is debated based on existing screw presses. Gutenberg, a goldsmith by profession, developed a printing system by both adapting existing technologies and", "Title: Schweipolt Fiol Content: making inventions of his own. His newly devised hand mould made possible the rapid creation of metal movable type in large quantities Johannes Gutenberg's work on the printing press began in approximately 1436 when he partnered with Andreas Dritzehn—a man he had previously instructed in gem-cutting—and Andreas Heilmann, owner of a paper mill. However, it was not until a 1439 lawsuit against Gutenberg that an official record exists; witnesses' testimony discussed Gutenberg's types, an inventory of metals (including lead), and his type molds. Having previously worked as a professional goldsmith, Gutenberg made skillful use of the knowledge of metals he", "Title: Printing Content: a press was faster and more durable. Also, the metal type pieces were sturdier and the lettering more uniform, leading to typography and fonts. The high quality and relatively low price of the Gutenberg Bible (1455) established the superiority of movable type for Western languages. The printing press rapidly spread across Europe, leading up to the Renaissance, and later all around the world. Gutenberg's innovations in movable type printing have been called the most important invention of the second millennium. The rotary printing press was invented by Richard March Hoe in 1843. It uses impressions curved around a cylinder to", "Title: Early modern period Content: development of linear perspective in painting, and gradual but widespread educational reform. Johannes Gutenberg is credited as the first European to use movable type printing, around 1439, and as the global inventor of the mechanical printing press. Nicolaus Copernicus formulated a comprehensive heliocentric cosmology (1543), which displaced the Earth from the center of the universe. His book, \"De revolutionibus orbium coelestium\" (\"On the Revolutions of the Celestial Spheres\") began modern astronomy and sparked the Scientific Revolution. Another notable individual was Machiavelli, an Italian political philosopher, considered a founder of modern political science. Machiavelli is most famous for a short political", "Title: Global spread of the printing press Content: 19th century. On the effects of Gutenberg's printing Global spread of the printing press The global spread of the printing press began with the invention of the printing press with movable type by Johannes Gutenberg in Mainz, Germany . Western printing technology was adopted in all world regions by the end of the 19th century, displacing the manuscript and block printing. In the Western world, the operation of a press became synonymous with the enterprise of publishing and lent its name to a new branch of media, the \"press\" (see List of the oldest newspapers). Gutenberg's first major print work", "Title: Information overload Content: in information by excessively copying ancient manuscripts and replicating artifacts, creating libraries and museums that have remained in the present. Around 1453 AD, Johannes Gutenberg invented the printing press and this marked another period of information proliferation. As a result of lowering production costs, generation of printed materials ranging from pamphlets, manuscripts to books were made available to the average person. Following Gutenburg's invention, the introduction of mass printing began in Western Europe. Information overload was often experienced by the affluent, but the circulation of books were becoming rapidly printed and available at a lower cost, allowing the educated to", "Title: Global spread of the printing press Content: Global spread of the printing press The global spread of the printing press began with the invention of the printing press with movable type by Johannes Gutenberg in Mainz, Germany . Western printing technology was adopted in all world regions by the end of the 19th century, displacing the manuscript and block printing. In the Western world, the operation of a press became synonymous with the enterprise of publishing and lent its name to a new branch of media, the \"press\" (see List of the oldest newspapers). Gutenberg's first major print work was the 42-line Bible in Latin, printed probably", "Title: History of printing Content: Germany by the goldsmith Johannes Gutenberg in the mid-15th century. Printing methods based on Gutenberg's printing press spread rapidly throughout first Europe and then the rest of the world, replacing most block printing and making it the sole progenitor of modern movable type printing. As a method of creating reproductions for mass consumption, The printing press has been superseded by the advent of offset printing. Johannes Gutenberg's work in the printing press began in approximately 1436 when he partnered with Andreas Dritzehen—a man he had previously instructed in gem-cutting—and Andreas Heilmann, owner of a paper mill. It was not until" ]

[ "This suggests that by 1438 Gutenberg and Dritzehen had in all probability already invented a printing process using moveable type (separate pieces of wood or metal for each letter of the alphabet)." ]

[ "Title: Midlothian Content: Midlothian Midlothian (; ; ) is one of the 32 council areas of Scotland, UK. It borders Edinburgh, East Lothian and the Scottish Borders council areas. Midlothian was also the name of a historic county formed in the Middle Ages. The county included Edinburgh and was formerly known as Edinburghshire, or more formally as the County of Edinburgh, until 1890. The historic county remains a lieutenancy area and a registration county for which purposes Edinburgh is included. Midlothian Council area was created in 1996, under the Local Government etc. (Scotland) Act 1994, with the boundaries of the Midlothian district of", "Title: Midlothian Content: families fought at the Battle of Roslin. Midlothian Midlothian (; ; ) is one of the 32 council areas of Scotland, UK. It borders Edinburgh, East Lothian and the Scottish Borders council areas. Midlothian was also the name of a historic county formed in the Middle Ages. The county included Edinburgh and was formerly known as Edinburghshire, or more formally as the County of Edinburgh, until 1890. The historic county remains a lieutenancy area and a registration county for which purposes Edinburgh is included. Midlothian Council area was created in 1996, under the Local Government etc. (Scotland) Act 1994, with", "Title: Midlothian, Illinois Content: Midlothian, Illinois Midlothian () is a village in Cook County in the state of Illinois, United States. It is a southwestern suburb of Chicago. Like many southwest suburbs of Chicago in the 1800s and early 1900s, the area now known as the Village of Midlothian consisted of a few area farmers being surrounded by large and small endeavors alike as the industrial age began its exponential expansion process in the Bremen Township in Cook County, Illinois community. By 1854, the sprawling landscape comprising the township of Bremen had a trail of railroad track carrying both passengers and commodities between Chicago", "Title: Midlothian, Virginia Content: Midlothian, Virginia Midlothian, Virginia () is an unincorporated area in Chesterfield County, Virginia, U.S. Founded over 300 years ago as a coal town, it is now a suburban community located west of Richmond, Virginia and south of the James River in the Greater Richmond Region. It was named for the early 18th-century coal mining enterprises of the Wooldridge brothers. They called their new venture the Mid-Lothian Mining and Manufacturing Company, and employed free and enslaved people to do the deadly work of digging underground. Midlothian is the site of the first commercially-mined coal in the Colony of Virginia and in", "Title: Midlothian Coalfield Content: Midlothian Coalfield The Midlothian Coalfield is a coalfield in southeast Scotland situated immediately to the east and southeast of Edinburgh. It is geologically continuous with the East Fife Coalfield beneath the Firth of Forth though the undersea coal reserves have only been partly exploited. There were undersea workings extending from Prestonlinks Colliery. The sulphur content of the majority of Midlothian coals is less than 1% making it especially suitable for modern requirements. The following seams were worked. They are shown in rough stratigraphical order thought not all seams are present throughout the coalfield. Those shown in bold were worked to", "Title: Midlothian Coalfield Content: the greatest extent: Within the Scottish Coal Measures Group (Middle and Lower Coal Measures): Within the Upper Limestone Formation: Within the Limestone Coal Formation: Within the Lower Limestone Formation Within the West Lothian Oil-Shale Formation Monktonhall Colliery was abandoned in 1997 and Blinkbonny mine adit was sealed in 2003 so bringing to an end a long history of deep-mining of coal within the coalfield. Opencasting has continued at various sites since then including Blinkbonny, Oxenfoord, Gourlaw and Newbigging Farm. Midlothian Coalfield The Midlothian Coalfield is a coalfield in southeast Scotland situated immediately to the east and southeast of Edinburgh. It", "Title: Midlothian (Scottish Parliament constituency) Content: Midlothian (Scottish Parliament constituency) Midlothian was a constituency of the Scottish Parliament (Holyrood). It elected one Member of the Scottish Parliament (MSP) by the plurality (first past the post) method of election. Also, however, it was one of nine constituencies in the Lothians electoral region, which elected seven additional members, in addition to nine constituency MSPs, to produce a form of proportional representation for the region as a whole. For the Scottish Parliament election, 2011, the Midlothian constituency was abolished, with the creation of two new constituencies called Midlothian North and Musselburgh, and Midlothian South, Tweeddale and Lauderdale. The other", "Title: Midlothian, Texas Content: incorporated in April 1888. Midlothian is one of Scotland's historic counties and is currently a subdivisional council area. Midlothian is located in northwestern Ellis County at (32.480169, -96.989350). Adjacent cities are Cedar Hill to the north, Grand Prairie to the northwest, Venus to the southwest, Waxahachie to the southeast, and Ovilla to the northeast. According to the United States Census Bureau, in 2010 the city had a total area of , of which was land and , or 1.28%, was water. Midlothian's extraterritorial jurisdiction includes another . The climate in this area is characterized by hot, humid summers and generally", "Title: Preston Hall, Midlothian Content: Scotland, and is considered to have \"outstanding\" architectural and scenic value. Preston Hall, Midlothian Preston Hall, or Prestonhall, is a late-18th-century mansion in Midlothian, to the south of Edinburgh, Scotland. It is located north of Pathhead on the east side of the Tyne Water, opposite Oxenfoord Castle on the west side. The house, together with several estate buildings, are the work of architect Robert Mitchell (fl. 1770–1809), and are protected as Category A listed buildings, the highest level of protection for a historic building in Scotland. A house was built here in 1700 for Roderick Mackenzie, brother of the Earl", "Title: Midlothian Content: was a Midlothian constituency of the Scottish Parliament up to the 2011 elections when it was divided between Midlothian North and Musselburgh and Midlothian South, Tweeddale and Lauderdale. Abolished 1902: Abolished 1920 \"The above list does not include parishes which have been within the City of Edinburgh for county purposes since 19th century, namely within the \"County of the City\" of which the Lord Provost was and is Lord Lieutenant.\" Midlothian is twinned with Komárom-Esztergom in Hungary and Kreis Heinsberg in Germany. It is a sister city with Midlothian, Illinois, a suburb of Chicago. The Battle of Roslin was a" ]

[ "Scotland", "United Kingdom, with Dependencies and Territories", "United Kingdom" ]

[ "Title: Marta (footballer) Content: the next three years. At the request of Marta, the Los Angeles side also purchased Johanna Frisk from Umeå IK, which led to a report by Swedish TV4 sports presenter Patrick Ekwall that Marta and Frisk were a lesbian couple. Both players denied this to be true. Marta's life and football prowess was depicted in the 2005 Swedish Television documentary \"Marta – Pelés kusin\" (\"Marta – Pelé's cousin\"). On the day she was named FIFA World Player of the Year in January 2009, Marta announced that she would be joining Women's Professional Soccer (WPS) team Los Angeles Sol for the", "Title: Marta (footballer) Content: a UN goodwill ambassador. Marta is fluent in Portuguese and Swedish. She is a Catholic and states that God is very important to her although she does not go to Church that often. She holds dual citizenship for Brazil and Sweden. Marta (footballer) Marta Vieira da Silva (born 19 February 1986), commonly known as Marta, is a Brazilian footballer who plays for the Orlando Pride in the National Women's Soccer League and the Brazil national team as a forward. With 15 goals, she holds the record for most goals scored at FIFA Women's World Cup tournaments, ahead of Birgit Prinz", "Title: Marta (footballer) Content: Marta (footballer) Marta Vieira da Silva (born 19 February 1986), commonly known as Marta, is a Brazilian footballer who plays for the Orlando Pride in the National Women's Soccer League and the Brazil national team as a forward. With 15 goals, she holds the record for most goals scored at FIFA Women's World Cup tournaments, ahead of Birgit Prinz and Abby Wambach, both with 14 goals. Marta is often regarded as the best female player of all time and was given the nickname \"Pelé in skirts\" by Pelé himself. She was named FIFA World Player of the Year six times,", "Title: Marta (footballer) Content: she is primarily known for her creativity, chance creation, and ability to play off of her teammates as an advanced playmaker, Marta is a prolific goalscorer, who is renowned for her striking ability; she is also accurate from penalties and set-pieces. In addition to her footballing abilities, Marta has also stood out for her leadership. Marta has three siblings, José, Valdir, and Angela. Her parents are Aldário and Tereza. Her father left the family while Marta was a baby. As of 2010, she lives in San Jose and is a competent Swedish speaker. On 11 October 2010, Marta was named", "Title: Marta (footballer) Content: every minute Brazil teams played at those six global tournaments; altogether played 30 matches, and scored 22 goals. Marta with her Brazil teammates, finished second at China 2007 Women's World Cup, and won silver medals at 2004 Athens and 2008 Beijing Olympics. Umeå IK Santos FC Gold Pride Western New York Flash Tyresö FF FC Rosengård A small, quick, yet sturdy and tenacious player, who is regarded by many in the sport as the greatest female footballer of all time, Marta is renowned for her flair, quick feet, and exceptional skill on the ball, which has earned her comparisons with", "Title: Marta Domachowska Content: in Podkowa Leśna, Poland. She has an older sister Magdalena. Speaks Polish, English, Russian and Spanish. Other than tennis, she enjoys sports such as football and swimming. This table is current through the Sony Ericsson Open in Key Biscayne, Florida, which ended 5 April 2009. Marta Domachowska Marta Domachowska (; born 16 January 1986 in Warsaw) is a Polish retired professional tennis player ranked World No. 37 in singles (2006) and World No. 62 in doubles (2006). She reached 2008 Australian Open fourth round in singles and won 2006 Canberra International in doubles with Roberta Vinci. She also reached three", "Title: Marta (footballer) Content: it did not. The board of directors has confirmed it is finalizing negotiations for the club to dispute the women's football league in the United States in 2011. However, pursuant to the competition regulation, the club would have only five Brazilian players – Marta and four. On 25 January 2011, Marta joined her third WPS team in three years, the expansion team Western New York Flash, who took over the third year of her contract with the Gold Pride. Marta's 2 goals and 4 assists were a key part to the 3–0–1 start for the team's 2011 season. Western New", "Title: Marta (footballer) Content: of the 2014 FIFA World Cup in Brazil, alongside Amarildo, Bebeto, Carlos Alberto Torres, Ronaldo and Mario Zagallo. She also appeared in the Sveriges Television television documentary series \"The Other Sport\" from 2013. In August 2016, Marta was one of the 8 to carry the Olympic Flag in the Olympic Games in Rio. As of 14 March 2017, Marta has become a Swedish citizen. She's stated that she'll keep her Brazilian citizenship. Marta was discovered by well-known Brazilian female coach, Helena Pacheco, when she was only 14 years old. After playing for the CSA youth team, Marta started her professional", "Title: Marta (footballer) Content: off-season with Los Angeles Sol, she signed a three-month loan contract with Santos to play in the Copa Libertadores and in the Copa do Brasil, helping her club win both competitions, and scoring a goal in the Libertadores final and two in the Copa do Brasil final. In January 2010, the Sol ceased operations and the rights to Marta and her teammates were made available in the 2010 WPS Dispersal Draft. The rights to Marta were acquired by the FC Gold Pride as their first pick. She appeared in all of the Pride's 24 games and scored 19 goals, earning", "Title: Marta (footballer) Content: York Flash forward Marta helped her team to the Regular Season Championship title, scoring her tenth goal of the season in a 2–0 victory over the Atlanta Beat on Sunday, en route to earning her third consecutive PUMA Golden Boot award. The Brazilian soccer star edged out fellow Flash forward Christine Sinclair, in the tie breaker having a greater production rate based on goals per game average. As WPS cancelled the 2012 season, Marta decided to return to Damallsvenskan in Sweden. On 22 February 2012 she signed a two-year contract with Tyresö FF. Her extraordinary salary of about $400,000 per" ]

[ "Umeå IK" ]

[ "Title: Mitt Romney Content: Chihuahua, Mexico. Of primarily English descent, he also has Scottish and German ancestry. A fifth-generation member of the LDS Church, he is a great-grandson of Miles Park Romney and a great-great-grandson of Miles Romney, who converted to the faith in its first decade. Another great-great-grandfather, Parley P. Pratt, helped lead the early church. Romney has three older siblings, Margo, Jane, and Scott. Mitt was the youngest by nearly six years. His parents named him after a family friend, businessman J. Willard Marriott, and his father's cousin, Milton \"Mitt\" Romney, a former quarterback for the Chicago Bears. Romney was referred to", "Title: Romney family Content: Romney family The Romney family, prominent in U.S. politics and other professions, is most known for its connection with George W. Romney (1907 in Colonia Dublán, Galeana, Chihuahua, Mexico – 1995 at Bloomfield Hills, Michigan), 43rd governor of Michigan (1963–1969) and his son, Mitt Romney (born 1947 in Detroit, Michigan), 70th governor of Massachusetts (2003–2007), Republican nominee for the presidency of the United States in 2012, and U.S. Senator-elect from Utah. George Romney's father was Gaskell Romney (1871 in St. George, Utah – 1955 in Salt Lake City, Utah), and his mother was Anna Amelia Pratt. Anna's grandfather was renowned", "Title: Mitt Romney Content: be elected governor and U.S. senator from two different states (the others being Sam Houston for Tennessee and Texas, and William Bibb for Georgia and Alabama), and the first such person for 157 years. Romney is scheduled to take office on January 3, 2019. Willard Mitt Romney was born on March 12, 1947, at Harper University Hospital in Detroit, Michigan, one of four children born to automobile executive George W. Romney (1907–1995) and homemaker Lenore Romney (née LaFount; 1908–1998). His mother was a native of Logan, Utah, and his father was born to American parents in a Mormon colony in", "Title: Mitt Romney Content: Mitt Romney Willard Mitt Romney (born March 12, 1947) is an American politician and businessman who is the United States Senator-elect from Utah. He previously served as the 70th Governor of Massachusetts from 2003 to 2007 and was the Republican Party's nominee for President of the United States in the 2012 election. Raised in Bloomfield Hills, Michigan by his parents, George and Lenore Romney, he spent two-and-a-half years in France as a Mormon missionary starting in 1966. He married Ann Davies in 1969, and they have five sons. By 1971, he had participated in the political campaigns of both parents.", "Title: Romney family Content: George Tabernacle and Brigham Young Winter Home and Office, the latter with his son, Miles Park Romney. George Romney's wife Lenore LaFount's family of origin: Romney family The Romney family, prominent in U.S. politics and other professions, is most known for its connection with George W. Romney (1907 in Colonia Dublán, Galeana, Chihuahua, Mexico – 1995 at Bloomfield Hills, Michigan), 43rd governor of Michigan (1963–1969) and his son, Mitt Romney (born 1947 in Detroit, Michigan), 70th governor of Massachusetts (2003–2007), Republican nominee for the presidency of the United States in 2012, and U.S. Senator-elect from Utah. George Romney's father was", "Title: Tagg Romney Content: and William Ryder (born 2012). The family resides in Belmont, Massachusetts. Tagg Romney Taggart Mitt \"Tagg\" Romney (born March 21, 1970) is an American management consultant, businessman, venture capitalist and political advisor. He is the eldest son of businessman and politician Mitt Romney. Taggart Romney is the oldest son of Ann and Mitt Romney, born when both were undergraduates at Brigham Young University in Tagg's birthplace of Provo, Utah. He attended Belmont Hill School, a preparatory academy before he graduated \"magna cum laude\" with a BA in economics from Brigham Young University and earned his MBA from Harvard Business School.", "Title: Mitt Romney Content: presidential campaign. In 2012, \"Time\" magazine included Romney in their List of The 100 Most Influential People in the World. Mitt Romney Willard Mitt Romney (born March 12, 1947) is an American politician and businessman who is the United States Senator-elect from Utah. He previously served as the 70th Governor of Massachusetts from 2003 to 2007 and was the Republican Party's nominee for President of the United States in the 2012 election. Raised in Bloomfield Hills, Michigan by his parents, George and Lenore Romney, he spent two-and-a-half years in France as a Mormon missionary starting in 1966. He married Ann", "Title: Dick Romney Content: to a long coaching career at East High School in Salt Lake City, Utah. 'Mitt' played college football at Utah and Chicago as a quarterback and later coached at Texas and for the Racine Cardinals. From 1925 to 1928, 'Mitt' was a quarterback for the Chicago Bears of the NFL. 'Mitt' Romney is a first cousin to former Governor George Romney of Michigan and his son, Mitt Romney of Massachusetts was named for him. Between 1925 and 1948, Romney organized and operated a summer school for football and basketball coaches that he ran in Logan, Utah. Noteworthy football speakers included", "Title: Natural-born-citizen clause Content: in what was then the incorporated Arizona Territory of the United States. During his presidential campaign in 1964, there was a minor controversy over Goldwater's having been born in Arizona three years before it became a state. George W. Romney, who ran for the Republican party presidential nomination in 1968, was born in Mexico to U.S. parents. Romney's grandfather, a member of the LDS Church, had emigrated to Mexico in 1886 with his three wives and their children, after the U.S. federal government outlawed polygamy. However Romney's parents (monogamous under new church doctrine) retained their U.S. citizenship and returned to", "Title: Marion G. Romney Content: Marion G. Romney Marion George Romney (September 19, 1897 – May 20, 1988) was an apostle and a member of the First Presidency of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (LDS Church). Romney was born in Colonia Juárez, Chihuahua, Mexico, to expatriated parents, George S. Romney and Teressa Artemesia Romney ( Redd). His father George Romney was a cousin of Michigan governor George W. Romney, who was born in nearby Colonia Dublan. Marion Romney is the second cousin of Mitt Romney, former Massachusetts governor and the 2012 Republican presidential candidate. Teressa Redd was the daughter of Lemuel Hardison" ]

[ "Detroit" ]

[ "Title: Jenkin Content: English as John. When Jen/Jean is present, usually given to a younger child, Jehan/Jehannes is listed as \"John the elder\" but, never translated as \"Big John.\" Confusion can arise when the sire is listed as John, a son is John (the elder) and another son is John (the younger). Today, in English the term John, Senior is used for the father, while the names of John can use Junior or numeric designation (i.e. \"II\"). \"Jon\" the phonetic of John is sometimes seen but only in males as is the younger male nickname of \"Johnny.\" The name \"Jean\" once pronounced \"Jon\"", "Title: John (given name) Content: villain in the Robin Hood stories; Prince John, the youngest son of Edward VII, died shortly after birth; and The Prince John, the sickly youngest son of George V, died at age 13. It was reported that Diana, Princess of Wales wished to name her first son (who was ultimately named Prince William) after her own father, John Spencer, but was dissuaded by royal tradition. Because the name \"Jonathan\" is sometimes abbreviated as \"Jon\", \"John\" is often incorrectly considered to be a short form of \"Jonathan\". \"John\" comes from the Hebrew name Yôḥānān, whereas \"Jonathan\" derives from the Hebrew יוֹנָתָן", "Title: Whatever Happened to the Likely Lads? Content: series) to 1973. Terry's full name is Terence Daniel Collier, born 29 February 1944. Bob's full name is Robert Andrew Scarborough Ferris, born a week earlier. These dates can be worked out from dialogue in the episode \"Birthday Boy\". The \"Scarborough\" in Bob's name is because he was conceived there (although this is contradicted in the opening flashback sequence in the 1976 feature film). However, Terry's \"silver tankard\" joke in his best man's speech at the end of Season 1 (in the episode \"End of an Era\") seems to imply that he, not Bob, turned 21 first. Terry is younger", "Title: John Terry (actor) Content: John Terry (actor) John Terry (born January 25, 1950) is an American film, television, and stage actor. He is perhaps best known for his role as Christian Shephard in the TV series \"Lost\" and Larry McCoy in the TV series \"Las Vegas\". He is also the father of football player Hanna Terry of KIF Örebro DFF in the Swedish women's football league Damallsvenskan. Terry was born in Florida, where he attended Vero Beach High School. He was also educated at the prestigious Loomis Chaffee prep school in Windsor, Connecticut, and began a career building original custom log homes in North", "Title: Elton John Content: 25 December 2010 in California. Their younger, son, Elijah Joseph Daniel Furnish-John, was born on 11 January 2013 to the same surrogate mother. John also has ten godchildren, including Sean Lennon, David and Victoria Beckham's sons Brooklyn and Romeo, Elizabeth Hurley's son Damian Hurley, and the daughter of Seymour Stein. In 2010, John was criticised by some Christian groups in the U.S. after describing Jesus as a \"compassionate, super-intelligent gay man who understood human problems\". Bill Donohue, president of the Catholic League for Religious and Civil Rights and opponent of gay marriage, responded: \"To call Jesus a homosexual is to", "Title: The Hotel New Hampshire Content: Win providing unwitting counsel to victims. Susie, whose emotional pain and insecurities have healed somewhat with time and effort, builds a happy relationship with John, and a pregnant Franny asks them to raise her and Junior's impending baby. John Berry: John is the third child of Win and Mary Berry. He has four siblings: Frank, Franny, Lilly, and Egg. The story is told from a first-person point of view, John being the narrator. He is particularly close to Franny, more so than any of his other siblings, and eventually falls in love with her. After Franny is raped, John takes", "Title: Whatever Happened to the Likely Lads? Content: than his sisters Audrey (Sheila Fearn) and Linda (who is never seen). Their parents are Edith and Cyril Collier. Terry's father is not seen in either series of the 1970s show; neither is Bob's father, Leslie, who had died 12 years previously (as established in the 1060s episode \"Friends and Neighbours\"), so wasn't around when Bob, an only child, was growing up. Terry's dad is neither dead nor absent: he is continually referred to in the 1970s series, and also in the feature film, but is never actually seen (although, in the opening flash-back in the film, a back view", "Title: John \"Grizzly\" Adams Content: was the third child and first son born to Eleazer Adams (1776–1849) and Sybil (Capen) Adams (1785–1844). He had seven siblings, Susan B., Almy, Charles, James Capen, Zilpha, Francis and Albert. John married Cylena Drury in 1836. They had three children: Arabella, Arathusa Elizabeth, and Seymour. His son, Seymour, never married, so there were no male descendants of Grizzly Adams bearing the Adams surname. John's younger brother, James Capen Adams, (the alias used by \"Grizzly\" Adams), married and fathered seven children. Curiously, when Grizzly Adams toured in Connecticut with the circus during the summer of 1860, his brother (the real)", "Title: Viola R. MacMillan Content: Goldsmith died less than a month following John's birth, who was subsequently raised by his maternal grandparents, James Goldsmith (1811–1885) and Elizabeth Hall Goldsmith (1827–1908), and became known mainly by their surname. Huggard and Spiers married March 29, 1885, and their children were: William George, Harriet Jane, Bertie, Joseph R, Rebecca May, James, Vada, Minnie Hazel, Sarah Daisy, Viola Rita (aka Reta), Gordon Edward, and Reginald Lewis, with several of them favouring their middle names for common usage. Rebecca and Minnie died during early childhood. MacMillan was the thirteenth of fifteen children born to a hard-working, but impoverished family whose", "Title: Jackson family Content: as \"Prince\", Paris-Michael Katherine Jackson (b. April 3, 1998), and Prince Michael Jackson II also known as \"Blanket\" now called \"Bigi\" (b. February 21, 2002), have been discussed in the press numerous times throughout their lives, particularly since their father's death in 2009. Rebbie, Tito, Jackie, Jermaine and Janet Jackson have also had children, who have come under varying degrees of media focus. Austin Brown (b. 1985), the only son of Rebbie Jackson, is a singer and songwriter who has released several successful singles in the pop/R&B genre. Tito Jackson's three sons, Toriano Adaryll \"Taj\" Jackson, Jr. (b. 1973), Taryll" ]

[ "Georgie John Terry", "Summer Rose Terry" ]

[ "Title: Politics of North Carolina Content: have been born in North Carolina. However, as he was born almost precisely on the state line with South Carolina, both states claim him as a native son, and historians have debated for decades over the precise site of Jackson's birthplace. On the grounds of the old state capitol in Raleigh is a statue dedicated to the Presidents who were born in the state; Jackson is included in the statue. Jackson himself stated that he was born in what later became South Carolina, but at the time of his birth, the line between the states had not been surveyed. North", "Title: Paris Jackson Content: Paris Jackson Paris-Michael Katherine Jackson (born April 3, 1998) is an American actress, model, and singer. She is the second child and only daughter of Michael Jackson and Debbie Rowe. Paris-Michael Katherine Jackson was born on April 3, 1998, at Spaulding Pain Medical Clinic in Beverly Hills, California. She was named after the French city in which she was conceived. She is the middle child and only daughter of singer Michael Jackson and younger child of Debbie Rowe. She has one older brother, Michael Joseph Jackson, Jr. (“Prince”) and one younger half-brother, Prince Michael Jackson II (\"Blanket\"). Jackson was raised", "Title: Death of Michael Jackson Content: around the world. The circumstances and timing of his death were compared to those of Elvis Presley and John Lennon. Fans gathered outside the UCLA Medical Center, Neverland Ranch, his Holmby Hills home, the Hayvenhurst Jackson family home in Encino, the Apollo Theater in New York, and at Hitsville U.S.A., the old Motown headquarters in Detroit where Jackson's career began, now the Motown Museum. Streets around the hospital were blocked off, and across America people left offices and factories to watch the breaking news on television. A small crowd, including the city's mayor, gathered outside his childhood home in Gary,", "Title: Peter Jackson Content: Fame. Jackson was born on 31 October 1961 in Wellington and was raised at the nearby coastal town of Pukerua Bay. His parents—Joan (née Ruck), a factory worker and housewife, and William \"Bill\" Jackson, a wages clerk—were emigrants from England. As a child, Jackson was a keen film fan, growing up on Ray Harryhausen films, as well as finding inspiration in the television series \"Thunderbirds\" and \"Monty Python's Flying Circus\". After a family friend gave the Jacksons a Super 8 cine-camera with Peter in mind, he began making short films with his friends. Jackson has long cited \"King Kong\" as", "Title: Samuel L. Jackson Content: with over $5.15 billion total US box office gross, an average of $70.5 million per film. The worldwide box office total of his films (excluding cameo appearances) is over . Jackson was born in Washington, D.C., the son of Elizabeth () and Roy Henry Jackson. He grew up as an only child in Chattanooga, Tennessee. His father lived away from the family in Kansas City, Missouri, and later died from alcoholism. Jackson met his father only twice during his life. Jackson was raised by his mother, who was a factory worker and later a supplies buyer for a mental institution,", "Title: Music of Tennessee Content: Williams was born in Halls. Trombonist Dicky Wells was born in Centerville. Trombonist Jimmy Cleveland was born in Wartrace. Vocalist King Pleasure was born in Oakdale. Current large jazz orchestras from Tennessee that have notable recordings are the Jazz Orchestra of the Delta (Memphis), the Memphis Jazz Orchestra, the Knoxville Jazz Orchestra, the Nashville Jazz Orchestra, the Duffy Jackson Big Band (Nashville), Tyler Mire Big Band (Nashville), and the Music City Big Band (Nashville). R&B singers Big Maybelle and Luther Ingram were born in Jackson. Tina Turner was born in Nutbush. Clifford Curry was born in Knoxville. Willie Mabon was", "Title: Personal relationships of Michael Jackson Content: most of their lives feeling exploited by them, and both had problems with the media. Presley was raised in Graceland, while Jackson lived at Neverland. In 1993, he became the subject of child sexual abuse accusations and Presley, along with a few others, was there for emotional support. Michael would call Presley from overseas as he embarked upon the second leg of the Dangerous World Tour and the child abuse investigation intensified. During such telephone conversations, Presley attempted to reverse Jackson's sadness with humor and advice. Presley later recalled that she believed in the musician's innocence and that she could", "Title: Michael Jackson Content: and a live broadcast of his public memorial service was viewed around the world. According to \"Forbes\", as of August 2018, Jackson's total career pretax earnings in life and death is $4.2 billion. Jackson's estate earned $825 million in 2016, the highest yearly amount ever recorded by the magazine.\" Forbes\" ranked Jackson as the top-earning deceased celebrity for the seventh consecutive year in 2018. Michael Joseph Jackson was born in Gary, Indiana, a part of the Chicago metropolitan area, on August 29, 1958. He was the eighth of ten children in the Jackson family, a working-class African-American family living in", "Title: Sylvester Stallone Content: well as his first Golden Globe Award win and a third Academy Award nomination, for reprising the role of Rocky Balboa in Ryan Coogler's 2015 film \"Creed\". Michael Sylvester Gardenzio Stallone was born in the Hell's Kitchen neighborhood of Manhattan, New York, on July 6, 1946, the elder son of Francesco \"Frank\" Stallone Sr., a hairdresser and beautician, and Jacqueline \"Jackie\" Stallone (\"née\" Labofish; born 1921), an astrologer, dancer, and promoter of women's wrestling. His Italian father was born in Gioia del Colle and moved to the U.S. in the 1930s, while his American mother is of French (from Brittany)", "Title: Michael Jackson Content: lived in New York City at 4 East 74th Street. At the turn of the century, Jackson won an American Music Award as Artist of the 1980s. In September 2001, two were held at Madison Square Garden to mark Jackson's 30th year as a solo artist. Jackson appeared onstage alongside his brothers for the first time since 1984. The show also featured performances by artists including Mýa, Usher, Whitney Houston, NSYNC, Destiny's Child, Monica, Luther Vandross, and Slash. The second show took place the night before the September 11, 2001, terrorist attacks. After 9/11, Jackson helped organize the benefit concert" ]

[ "Gary" ]

[ "Title: Battle of Champion Hill Content: had deteriorated too far to be restored. Historical markers at the house detail the battle and the history of the house. Battle of Champion Hill The Battle of Champion Hill, fought May 16, 1863, was the pivotal battle in the Vicksburg Campaign of the American Civil War (1861-1865). Union Army commander Maj. Gen. Ulysses S. Grant and the Army of the Tennessee pursued the retreating Confederate States Army, under Lt. Gen. John C. Pemberton and defeated his army twenty miles to the east of Vicksburg, Mississippi, leading inevitably to the Siege of Vicksburg and surrender. The battle is also known", "Title: Battle of Champion Hill Content: Battle of Champion Hill The Battle of Champion Hill, fought May 16, 1863, was the pivotal battle in the Vicksburg Campaign of the American Civil War (1861-1865). Union Army commander Maj. Gen. Ulysses S. Grant and the Army of the Tennessee pursued the retreating Confederate States Army, under Lt. Gen. John C. Pemberton and defeated his army twenty miles to the east of Vicksburg, Mississippi, leading inevitably to the Siege of Vicksburg and surrender. The battle is also known as Baker's Creek. Following the Union occupation of Jackson, Mississippi, on May 14, both Confederate and Federal forces made plans for", "Title: Siege of Vicksburg Content: Siege of Vicksburg The Siege of Vicksburg (May 18 – July 4, 1863) was the final major military action in the Vicksburg Campaign of the American Civil War. In a series of maneuvers, Union Maj. Gen. Ulysses S. Grant and his Army of the Tennessee crossed the Mississippi River and drove the Confederate Army of Mississippi, led by Lt. Gen. John C. Pemberton, into the defensive lines surrounding the fortress city of Vicksburg, Mississippi. Vicksburg was the last major Confederate stronghold on the Mississippi River; therefore, capturing it completed the second part of the Northern strategy, the Anaconda Plan. When", "Title: Vicksburg Campaign Content: Vicksburg Campaign The Vicksburg Campaign was a series of maneuvers and battles in the Western Theater of the American Civil War directed against Vicksburg, Mississippi, a fortress city that dominated the last Confederate-controlled section of the Mississippi River. The Union Army of the Tennessee under Maj. Gen. Ulysses S. Grant gained control of the river by capturing this stronghold and defeating Lt. Gen. John C. Pemberton's forces stationed there. The campaign consisted of many important naval operations, troop maneuvers, failed initiatives, and eleven distinct battles from December 26, 1862, to July 4, 1863. Military historians divide the campaign into two", "Title: Battle of Big Black River Bridge Content: partners have acquired and preserved 28 acres of the Big Black River battlefield. Battle of Big Black River Bridge The Battle of Big Black River Bridge, or Big Black, fought May 17, 1863, was part of the Vicksburg Campaign of the American Civil War. Union commander Maj. Gen. Ulysses S. Grant and the Army of the Tennessee pursued the retreating Confederate Lt. Gen. John C. Pemberton following the Battle of Champion Hill, in the final battle before the Siege of Vicksburg. Reeling from their defeat at Champion Hill, the Confederates reached Big Black River Bridge, the night of May 16–17.", "Title: Battle of Chickasaw Bayou Content: Battle of Chickasaw Bayou The Battle of Chickasaw Bayou, also called the Battle of Walnut Hills, fought December 26–29, 1862, was the opening engagement of the Vicksburg Campaign during the American Civil War. Confederate forces under Lt. Gen. John C. Pemberton repulsed an advance by Union Maj. Gen. William T. Sherman that was intended to lead to the capture of Vicksburg, Mississippi. On December 26, three Union divisions under Sherman disembarked at Johnson's Plantation on the Yazoo River to approach the Vicksburg defenses from the northeast while a fourth landed farther upstream on December 27. On December 27, the Federals", "Title: Battle of Raymond Content: Battlefield Trust), and its partners, including the Friends of Raymond, have acquired and preserved of the Raymond battlefield. Battle of Raymond The Battle of Raymond was fought on May 12, 1863, near Raymond, Mississippi, during the Vicksburg Campaign of the American Civil War. The bitter fight pitted elements of Union Army Maj. Gen. Ulysses S. Grant's Army of the Tennessee against Confederate forces of Lt. Gen. John C. Pemberton's Department of the Mississippi and East Louisiana. The Confederates failed to prevent the Federal troops from reaching the Southern Railroad and isolating Vicksburg, Mississippi, from reinforcement and resupply. During the morning", "Title: Battle of Big Black River Bridge Content: Battle of Big Black River Bridge The Battle of Big Black River Bridge, or Big Black, fought May 17, 1863, was part of the Vicksburg Campaign of the American Civil War. Union commander Maj. Gen. Ulysses S. Grant and the Army of the Tennessee pursued the retreating Confederate Lt. Gen. John C. Pemberton following the Battle of Champion Hill, in the final battle before the Siege of Vicksburg. Reeling from their defeat at Champion Hill, the Confederates reached Big Black River Bridge, the night of May 16–17. Pemberton ordered Brig. Gen. John S. Bowen, with three brigades, to man the", "Title: Battle of Chickasaw Bayou Content: of operations, or \"experiments\", to reach Vicksburg over the winter, the Vicksburg Campaign did not begin again in earnest until April 1863. Battle of Chickasaw Bayou The Battle of Chickasaw Bayou, also called the Battle of Walnut Hills, fought December 26–29, 1862, was the opening engagement of the Vicksburg Campaign during the American Civil War. Confederate forces under Lt. Gen. John C. Pemberton repulsed an advance by Union Maj. Gen. William T. Sherman that was intended to lead to the capture of Vicksburg, Mississippi. On December 26, three Union divisions under Sherman disembarked at Johnson's Plantation on the Yazoo River", "Title: Battle of Jackson, Mississippi Content: Battle of Jackson, Mississippi The Battle of Jackson, fought on May 14, 1863, in Jackson, Mississippi, was part of the Vicksburg Campaign in the American Civil War. Union commander Maj. Gen. Ulysses S. Grant and the Army of the Tennessee defeated elements of the Confederate Department of the West, commanded by General Joseph E. Johnston, seizing the city, cutting supply lines, and opening the path to the west and the Siege of Vicksburg. On May 9, Gen. Johnston received a dispatch from the Confederate Secretary of War directing him to \"proceed at once to Mississippi and take chief command of" ]

[ "Confederate States of America", "United States of America", "John C. Pemberton", "Union", "Ulysses S. Grant" ]

[ "Title: Tourism in Pakistan Content: a number of large cosmopolitan cities in Punjab. The provincial capital, Lahore is the second largest city of Pakistan as is known to the \"Cultural Heart of Pakistan\". The Mughal Empire left behind the Lahore Fort and Shalimar Gardens which are now recognised World Heritage Sites. The Walled City of Lahore, Badshahi Mosque, Wazir Khan Mosque, Tomb of Jahangir and Nur Jahan, Tomb of Asaf Khan and Chauburji are other major sites visited by tourists each year. The tomb of Qutb-ud-din Aibak from the Delhi Sultanate is located in the historical market of Anarkali Bazaar in Lahore. The Samadhi of", "Title: Tourism in Punjab, Pakistan Content: region until the independence. Tourism in Punjab is regulated by the Tourism Development Corporation of Punjab. There are a number of large cosmopolitan cities in Punjab. The provincial capital, Lahore is the second largest city of Pakistan as is known to the \"Cultural Heart of Pakistan\". The Mughal Empire left behind the Lahore Fort and Shalimar Gardens which are now recognised World Heritage Sites. The Walled City of Lahore, Badshahi Mosque, Wazir Khan Mosque, Tomb of Jahangir and Nur Jahan, Tomb of Asaf Khan and Chauburji are other major sites visited by tourists each year. The tomb of Qutb-ud-din Aibak", "Title: Gorkhatri Content: pushed Peshawar's age by another couple of centuries, officially making it the oldest living city in South Asia. Gorkhatri Gorkhatri (; Hindko and Urdu: گورکهٹڑی) (or Gor Khuttree; literally meaning \"Warrior's Grave\") is a caravanserai built over the site of ancient ruins in Peshawar, Pakistan. Gorkhatri in the ancient city of Peshawar was identified by Alexander Cunningham with the Kanishka stupa, the giant stupa of King Kanishka the Great, while Professor Dr. Ahmad Hasan Dani identified it with the place where the famous tower of the Buddha bowl once stood. Prof. S.M. Jaffar, in his monumental book \"Peshawar: Past and", "Title: Tourism in Pakistan Content: of cultural shrines and mausoleums including Thatta, Shah Abdul Latif Bhittai, Lal Shahbaz Qalander, Shahjahan Mosque, Mazar-e-Quaid, Minar-e-Mir Masum Shah, Bhambore and Garhi Khuda Bakhsh. Karachi is the provincial capital of the province and largest city of Pakistan. It is home to the founder of the nation, Mohammad Ali Jinnah. His tomb, Mazar-e-Quaid, is the most iconic mausoleum in Pakistan. The city has the largest port in the country, Port of Karachi, followed by the second largest, Port Qasim. Karachi has also been ruled under a number of tribes which meant the city is home to a number of cultural", "Title: Karachi Content: to add another mega mall/entertainment complex at Bahria Icon Tower Clifton, Pakistan's tallest skyscraper. Karachi is home to several of Pakistan's most important museums. The National Museum of Pakistan and Mohatta Palace display artwork, while the city also has several private art galleries. The city is also home to the Pakistan Airforce Museum and Pakistan Maritime Museum are also located in the city. Wazir Mansion, the birthplace of Pakistan's founder Muhammad Ali Jinnah has also been preserved as a museum open to the public. Karachi is home to some of Pakistan's important cultural institutions. The National Academy of Performing Arts,", "Title: Karachi Content: squash (Jahangir Khan Squash Complex), and polo. There are marinas and boating clubs. National Bank of Pakistan Sports Complex is First-class cricket venue and Multi-purpose sports facility in Karachi, Karachi Karachi (; ALA-LC: , ; ) is the capital of the Pakistani province of Sindh. It is the most populous city in Pakistan, and sixth-most-populous city proper in the world. Ranked as a beta world city, the city is Pakistan's premier industrial and financial centre and is considered as the cultural, economic, philanthropic, educational, and political hub of the country Karachi is also Pakistan's most cosmopolitan city. Situated on the", "Title: Mazar-e-Quaid Content: Mazar-e-Quaid Mazar-e-Quaid (), also known as the Jinnah Mausoleum or the National Mausoleum, is the final resting place of \"Quaid-e-Azam\" (\"Great Leader\") Muhammad Ali Jinnah, the founder of Pakistan. Designed in a 1960s modernist style, the mausoleum also contains the tomb of his sister, \"Māder-e Millat\" (\"Mother of the Nation\") Fatima Jinnah, and that of Liaquat Ali Khan, the first Prime Minister of Pakistan. The mausoleum was completed in 1970, and is an iconic symbol of Karachi. The mausoleum is one of the most popular tourist destinations in Karachi. The mausoleum is located in the Jamshed Quarters neighborhood of Karachi,", "Title: Karachi Content: Karachi Karachi (; ALA-LC: , ; ) is the capital of the Pakistani province of Sindh. It is the most populous city in Pakistan, and sixth-most-populous city proper in the world. Ranked as a beta world city, the city is Pakistan's premier industrial and financial centre and is considered as the cultural, economic, philanthropic, educational, and political hub of the country Karachi is also Pakistan's most cosmopolitan city. Situated on the Arabian Sea, Karachi serves as a transport hub, and is home to Pakistan's two largest seaports, the Port of Karachi and Port Bin Qasim, as well as the Pakistan's", "Title: Old City (Hyderabad, India) Content: the oldest part of Hyderabad, it has a crumbling infrastructure, and faces issues such as heavy traffic, water scarcity, poor waste management and poor maintenance of buildings. Some heritage structures in the area are also dilapidated and in need of restoration. Old City (Hyderabad, India) The Old City of Hyderabad is a walled city of Hyderabad, Telangana, India, located on the banks of the Musi River built by Qutb Shahi sultan Muhammed Quli Qutb Shah in 1591 AD. There used to be a wall surrounding the Old City, most of which is destroyed. Mubariz Khan, the Mughal governor of Deccan", "Title: Old Cairo Content: Old Cairo as a World Heritage Site, calling it \"one of the world's oldest Islamic cities, with its famous mosques, madrasas, hammams and fountains\" and \"the new centre of the Islamic world, reaching its golden age in the 14th century.\" Old Cairo Old Cairo (Egyptian Arabic: مصر القديمه , Masr el-Qadīma), also known as \"Historic Cairo,\" or \"Islamic Cairo,\" is a part of Cairo, Egypt which pre-dates the Fatimid city of Cairo, founded in 969 A.D. Old Cairo contains the remnants of those cities which were capitals before al-Qahira, such as Fustat, al-Askar and al-Qatta'i. These are the location of" ]

[ "Bahawalpur" ]

[ "Title: History of Western civilization Content: also sought to come to terms with the new industrial age. The works of the Englishman Charles Dickens (including his novels \"Oliver Twist\" and \"A Christmas Carol\") and the Frenchman Victor Hugo (including \"Les Miserables\") remain among the best known and widely influential. The first great Russian novelist was Nikolai Gogol (\"Dead Souls\"). Then came Ivan Goncharov, Nikolai Leskov and Ivan Turgenev. Leo Tolstoy (\"War and Peace\", \"Anna Karenina\") and Fyodor Dostoevsky (\"Crime and Punishment\", \"The Idiot\", \"The Brothers Karamazov\") soon became internationally renowned to the point that many scholars such as F. R. Leavis have described one or the", "Title: Nikolai Gogol Content: Nikolai Gogol Nikolai Vasilievich Gogol (31 March 1809 – 4 March 1852) was a Russian dramatist of Ukrainian origin. Although Gogol was considered by his contemporaries to be one of the preeminent figures of the natural school of Russian literary realism, later critics have found in his work a fundamentally romantic sensibility, with strains of surrealism and the grotesque (\"The Nose\", \"Viy\", \"The Overcoat\", \"Nevsky Prospekt\"). His early works, such as \"Evenings on a Farm Near Dikanka\", were influenced by his Ukrainian upbringing, Ukrainian culture and folklore. His later writing satirised political corruption in the Russian Empire (\"The Government Inspector\",", "Title: Short story Content: The greatest specialist of the Russian short story, however, was Anton Chekhov. Classic examples of his realistic prose are \"The Bet\" (1889), \"Ward No. 6\" (1892), and \"The Lady with the Dog\" (1899). Maxim Gorky's best known short story is \"Twenty-six Men and a Girl\" (1899). The prolific Indian author of short stories Munshi Premchand, pioneered the genre in the Hindustani language, writing a substantial body of short stories and novels in a style characterized by realism and an unsentimental and authentic introspection into the complexities of Indian society. Premchand's work, including his over 200 short stories (such as the", "Title: Gothic fiction Content: authors of Gogol's era included Vladimir Fyodorovich Odoevsky (\"The Living Corpse\", written 1838, published 1844; \"The Ghost\"; \"The Sylphide\"; and other stories), Count Aleksey Konstantinovich Tolstoy (\"The Family of the Vourdalak\", 1839, and \"The Vampire\", 1841), Mikhail Zagoskin (\"Unexpected Guests\"), Józef Sękowski/Osip Senkovsky (Antar), and Yevgeny Baratynsky (\"The Ring\"). After Gogol, the Russian literature saw the rise of the realism, but many authors wrote stories belonging to the gothic fiction territory. Ivan Sergeyevich Turgenev, one of the world's most celebrated realists, wrote \"Faust\" (1856), \"Phantoms\" (1864), \"Song of the Triumphant Love\" (1881), and \"Clara Milich\" (1883). Another Russian realist classic,", "Title: Leo Tolstoy Content: Leo Tolstoy Count Lev Nikolayevich Tolstoy (; Russian: , tr. ; ; ), usually referred to in English as Leo Tolstoy, was a Russian writer who is regarded as one of the greatest authors of all time. Born to an aristocratic Russian family in 1828, he is best known for the novels \"War and Peace\" (1869) and \"Anna Karenina\" (1877), often cited as pinnacles of realist fiction. He first achieved literary acclaim in his twenties with his semi-autobiographical trilogy, \"Childhood\", \"Boyhood\", and \"Youth\" (1852–1856), and \"Sevastopol Sketches\" (1855), based upon his experiences in the Crimean War. Tolstoy's fiction includes dozens", "Title: Vasily Narezhny Content: famous novel is \"A Russian Gil Blas\" () (1814), an avowed imitation of Lesage's work. The earthy, humorous realism of this novel established him as the chief predecessor of Gogol in Russian literature. Narezhny's rough, vernacular Russian contrasted sharply with the sensitivity and musicality of the Karamzin school's Gallicized language. His last work, \"The Divinity Student\" () (1824), is a romance about the adventures of a hetman's son; George Grabowicz considered it \"probably his best work.\" D. S. Mirsky wrote:Narézhny had a grip on real life, which places him above all the \"prehistorical\" Russian novelists. But he was too little", "Title: Nikolai Gogol Content: strictest sense, original – worlds ever created by an artist of words\". The other main characteristic of Gogol's writing is his 'impressionist' vision of reality and people. He saw the outer world romantically metamorphosed, a singular gift particularly evident from the fantastic spatial transformations in his Gothic stories, \"A Terrible Vengeance\" and \"A Bewitched Place\". His pictures of nature are strange mounds of detail heaped on detail, resulting in an unconnected chaos of things. His people are caricatures, drawn with the method of the caricaturist – which is to exaggerate salient features and to reduce them to geometrical pattern. But", "Title: Aleksey Konstantinovich Tolstoy Content: which has been transformed into classic romance) and his historical drama trilogy are regarded as an intrinsic part of the classic Russian literature of the 19th century. Aleksey Konstantinovich Tolstoy Count Aleksey Konstantinovich Tolstoy, often referred to as A. K. Tolstoy () ( – ), was a Russian poet, novelist and playwright, considered to be the most important nineteenth-century Russian historical dramatist, primarily on the strength of his dramatic trilogy \"The Death of Ivan the Terrible\" (1866), \"Tsar Fyodor Ioannovich\" (1868), and \"Tsar Boris\" (1870). He also gained fame for his satirical works, published under his own name (\"History of", "Title: The Portrait (Gogol short story) Content: contained other darker works of Gogol, including arguably his most famous, “The Diary of a Madman.\" Loosely, scholars have grouped literary works that are focused on the failings of society (such as \"Arabesques\") during the mid to late 1800s as Petersburg Texts. Dostoevsky is generally considered to be the most influential author of these texts, but many others contributed to them, including Gogol. Part of the reason Gogol felt the need to write stories showcasing the true nature of Saint Petersburg and the toxic atmosphere the city (and indeed, the country) bred was that he himself had lived there; he", "Title: Nikolai Gogol Content: principal work during the years following Pushkin's death was the satirical epic \"Dead Souls\". Concurrently, he worked at other tasks – recast \"Taras Bulba\" and \"The Portrait\", completed his second comedy, \"Marriage\" (\"Zhenitba\"), wrote the fragment \"Rome\" and his most famous short story, \"The Overcoat\". In 1841 the first part of \"Dead Souls\" was ready, and Gogol took it to Russia to supervise its printing. It appeared in Moscow in 1842, under the title, imposed by the censorship, of \"The Adventures of Chichikov\". The book instantly established his reputation as the greatest prose writer in the language. After the triumph" ]

[ "Dramatist" ]

[ "Title: 1884 World Series Content: 1884 World Series In baseball, the 1884 World Series was a post-season championship series between the Providence Grays of the National League and the New York Metropolitans of the American Association at the Polo Grounds in New York City. While the 1884 post-season championship series was the first such to be referred to as the \"World's Series,\" Major League Baseball considers the 1903 World Series the first. In 1884, Metropolitans manager Jim Mutrie issued a challenge to his NL counterpart, Frank Bancroft of the Grays. Mutrie's challenge was for a best-of-three series. Each team would put up a thousand dollars", "Title: 1908 World Series Content: out of this Series with a feeble catcher-to-first groundout. This was also the first World Series game in which neither team committed an error. The Cubs would not win another World Series title until finally reclaiming the crown in 2016. 1908 World Series (4–1): Chicago Cubs (N.L.) over Detroit Tigers (A.L.) 1908 World Series The 1908 World Series matched the defending champion Chicago Cubs against the Detroit Tigers in a rematch of the 1907 Series. In this first-ever rematch of this young event, the Cubs won in five games for their second consecutive World Series title. The 1908 World Series", "Title: 1923 World Series Content: 1923 World Series In the 1923 World Series, the New York Yankees beat the New York Giants in six games. This would be the first of the Yankees' 27 World Series championships (as of 2018). The series was not played in a 2–3–2 format: as with the previous two Series (where both clubs had shared the Polo Grounds) the home field alternated each game, though this time it involved switching ballparks, as the first Yankee Stadium had opened this season. The Yankees opened their new stadium in April on a home run by Babe Ruth, setting the tone for the", "Title: 1889 World Series Content: stretch after somebody yelled \"Stretch for luck.\" 1889 World Series The 1889 World Series was an end-of-the-year baseball playoff series between the National League champion New York Giants and the American Association champion Brooklyn Bridegrooms (later known as the Dodgers). This Series was part of the pre-modern-era World Series, an annual competition between the champions of the National League and the American Association. The Giants won this best-of-11-games series, 6 games to 3. The 1889 Series was the first involving solely New York City area clubs, and was part of the continuum of a long-standing rivalry that developed between the", "Title: 1889 World Series Content: 1889 World Series The 1889 World Series was an end-of-the-year baseball playoff series between the National League champion New York Giants and the American Association champion Brooklyn Bridegrooms (later known as the Dodgers). This Series was part of the pre-modern-era World Series, an annual competition between the champions of the National League and the American Association. The Giants won this best-of-11-games series, 6 games to 3. The 1889 Series was the first involving solely New York City area clubs, and was part of the continuum of a long-standing rivalry that developed between the clubs in New York, particularly the Giants", "Title: 1971 World Series Content: 1971 World Series The 1971 World Series was the 68th edition of Major League Baseball's championship series, and the conclusion of the 1971 season. A best-of-seven playoff, it matched the defending World Series and American League (AL) champion Baltimore Orioles against the National League (NL) champion Pittsburgh Pirates, with the Pirates winning in seven games. Game 4, played in Pittsburgh on Wednesday, was the first-ever World Series game played The teams proved to be evenly matched, as the Series went the full seven games; the home team prevailed in each of the first six. In Game Seven in Baltimore, the", "Title: 1888 World Series Content: pennant. 1888 World Series The 1888 World Series was an end-of-the-year professional baseball season championship playoff series between the National League champion New York Giants and the old American Association champion St. Louis Browns. The Giants won, 6 games to 4. Hall of Fame pitcher Tim Keefe went 4–0. This was the Browns' last appearance in a championship tournament and pre-modern-era World Series, the last of their four consecutive AA pennants. The club would later join the NL in 1892 and be renamed as the St. Louis Cardinals by 1900. It would be 1926 before they would win their next", "Title: World Series Content: team having won three games with one tie game. The series was promoted and referred to as \"The Championship of the United States\", \"World's Championship Series\", or \"World's Series\" for short. In his book \"Krakatoa: The Day the World Exploded: August 27, 1883\", Simon Winchester mentions in passing that the World Series was named for the \"New York World\" newspaper, but this view is disputed. The 19th-century competitions are, however, not officially recognized as part of World Series history by Major League Baseball, as it considers 19th-century baseball to be a prologue to the modern baseball era. Until about 1960,", "Title: 1926 World Series Content: 1926 World Series The 1926 World Series, the 23rd playing of Major League Baseball's championship series, pitted the National League champion St. Louis Cardinals against the American League champion New York Yankees. The Cardinals defeated the Yankees four games to three in the best-of-seven series, which took place from October 2 to 10, 1926, at Yankee Stadium and Sportsman's Park. This was the first World Series appearance (and first National League pennant win) for the Cardinals, and would be the first of eleven World Series championships in Cardinals history. The Yankees were playing in their fourth World Series in six", "Title: 1908 World Series Content: 1908 World Series The 1908 World Series matched the defending champion Chicago Cubs against the Detroit Tigers in a rematch of the 1907 Series. In this first-ever rematch of this young event, the Cubs won in five games for their second consecutive World Series title. The 1908 World Series was significant for being the last World Series championship the Cubs would win until the World Series (108 years later). Before the 2016 series, the team would go on to appear in seven World Series; in , , , , , , and , losing each time. The Cubs had been" ]

[ "1903 World Series" ]

[ "Title: Simon Birch Content: Simon Birch Simon Birch is a 1998 American comedy-drama film loosely based on \"A Prayer for Owen Meany\" by John Irving and directed and written for the screen by Mark Steven Johnson. The film stars Ian Michael Smith, Joseph Mazzello, Jim Carrey, Ashley Judd and Oliver Platt. It omitted much of the latter half of the novel and altered the ending. The film does not share the book's title at Irving's request; he did not believe that his novel could successfully be made into a film. The name \"Simon Birch\" was suggested by him to replace that of Owen Meany.", "Title: Simon Birch Content: American box office making $3,321,370 in its opening weekend. The film would go on to gross $18,253,415 domestically, against a $20 million budget, resulting as a box office bomb. The film was released on stereo dts LaserDisc format as well as VHS and DVD on May 18, 1999 (Region 1). The region 1 DVD contains a theatrical trailer for this film. Simon Birch Simon Birch is a 1998 American comedy-drama film loosely based on \"A Prayer for Owen Meany\" by John Irving and directed and written for the screen by Mark Steven Johnson. The film stars Ian Michael Smith, Joseph", "Title: Simon Barlow Content: Simon Barlow Simon Barlow is a fictional character from the British ITV soap opera, \"Coronation Street\", and has been played by Alex Bain since 2008. The character was originally played by twins, Jake and Oscar Hartley, on his birth in 2003. Simon is the son of Peter Barlow (Chris Gascoyne) and Lucy Richards (Katy Carmichael), the adoptive son of Leanne Battersby (Jane Danson) and the grandson of Ken Barlow (William Roache). His storylines have included his mother's death, a custody battle between Peter and his maternal grandfather, a custody battle between Peter and Leanne and Simon physically abusing Leanne. Simon", "Title: Simon Bellamy Content: Simon Bellamy Simon Bellamy is a fictional character from the British Channel 4 science fiction comedy-drama \"Misfits\", portrayed by Iwan Rheon. Simon was sentenced to community service for attempted arson which leads to him gaining the power of invisibility, reflective of his personality in that he often feels ignored. Simon has been involved in a storyline which saw him manipulated by his probation worker who he murders. In the third series finale Simon travels to the past and Rheon later confirmed that he would not be returning for the fourth series. Casting for the part was announced on 17 August", "Title: Barnabas Collins Content: gradual but persistent transformation from a frightening creature of the night into the show's protagonist, who selflessly, heroically and repeatedly risks his life to save the Collins family from catastrophe. In the 1991 NBC revival version of \"Dark Shadows\", British actor Ben Cross played the role of Barnabas Collins. Alec Newman played the part in the unreleased 2004 pilot film. In the recent series of audio dramas produced by Big Finish Productions, he is portrayed by Andrew Collins, while Frid returned to portray the role a final time in \"The Night Whispers\". The role is played by Johnny Depp in", "Title: Benedict Cumberbatch Content: he played William Shakespeare's \"Hamlet\" at the Barbican Theatre. Cumberbatch's television work includes appearances in \"Silent Witness\" (2002) and \"Fortysomething\" (2003) before playing Stephen Hawking in the television film \"Hawking\" in 2004. He has starred as Sherlock Holmes in the series \"Sherlock\" since 2010. He has also headlined Tom Stoppard's adaptation of \"Parade's End\" (2012), \"The Hollow Crown: The Wars of the Roses\" (2016) and \"Patrick Melrose\" (2018). In film, Cumberbatch has starred in \"Amazing Grace\" (2006) as William Pitt the Younger, \"Star Trek Into Darkness\" (2013) as Khan, \"12 Years a Slave\" (2013) as William Prince Ford, \"The Fifth", "Title: Ian Michael Smith Content: Ian Michael Smith Ian Michael Smith (born May 5, 1987) is an American actor, known for his starring role in \"Simon Birch\". His short physical stature () is a result of Morquio syndrome, a rare enzymatic disorder affecting the circulatory, muscular and skeletal systems. Smith was born in Elmhurst, Illinois. He has a brother Brian. A Chicago-area hospital worker approached his parents about him auditioning for the leading role in \"The Mighty\", a feature film about a character with Morquio Syndrome. Kieran Culkin was cast instead, but Smith was recommended for the title role of \"Simon Birch\" (1998), a film", "Title: Simon Raymond Content: Simon Raymond Simon Raymond is a fictional character from the BBC soap opera \"EastEnders\", played by Andrew Lynford. Simon is introduced in 1996 as the homosexual brother of Tiffany Mitchell (Martine McCutcheon). His relationship with the bisexual character Tony Hills (Mark Homer) featured a gay kiss that caused controversy in the UK; numerous complaints were made because of its broadcasting. Simon remained in the serial until 1999, at which time it was mutually agreed between Lynford and executive producer Matthew Robinson, that the character had run its course. The character was given a happy ending, reuniting with his former boyfriend", "Title: Peter Birch (actor) Content: with a son Henry (b. 2012). He died September 13 2017 in the Royal Marsden Hospital, Brompton, London. Peter Birch (actor) Peter Birch (born 31 August 1952) was an English actor born in Harrogate into a military family which travelled worldwide. He was educated at the Duke of York's Royal Military School, Bristol University and Bristol Old Vic Theatre School. His notable roles included appearances as Herr Ulrich in the comedy drama series \"Auf Wiedersehen, Pet\", consultant Jack Hathaway in the drama series \"Casualty\" (1996–1997) and Arthur Eliott in \"The House of Eliott\". He also appeared in TV's By The", "Title: Simon Lowe Content: Giant Slayer\", as Dr. Quentin in the adaptation of \"The Big Four\", for the final series of \"Agatha Christie's Poirot\", and as an snobbish maître d' in an episode of \"Downton Abbey\". Simon Lowe Simon Lowe (born 30 October 1973) is a British actor who, amongst other titles, has played series regulars in \"Bodies\" (Dr. Tim Sibley), and \"The Grimleys\" (Shane Titley), both of which were written by Jed Mercurio. He also played Derek Evans in \"EastEnders\". He is also the regular character, Sgt. James Collins in the British series, \"Doctors\". In 2007, he portrayed the survivor of the Hindenburg" ]

[ "Ian Michael Smith" ]

[ "Title: Effects of time zones on North American broadcasting Content: one hour to correspond to the Central Time Zone. News channels such as CNN and sports channels such as ESPN that frequently broadcast live events offer a single feed that airs in all time zones. About 80 percent of the U.S. population reside in the Central and Eastern time zones, where the nation's largest city (and the main anchor of television programming) New York is located. With the revived prominence of live television as a major broadcast format in the U.S. in recent decades, networks have resorted into airing live shows by repeated live performances of the telecasts, or a", "Title: Tz database Content: to create an alias in future editions so that both the old and new names refer to the same database entry. In some cases the \"Location\" is itself represented as a compound name, for example the time zone \"America/Indiana/Indianapolis\". Three-level names include those under \"America/Argentina/...\", \"America/Kentucky/...\", \"America/Indiana/...\", and \"America/North_Dakota/...\". The location selected is representative for the entire area. These are rule lines for the standard United States daylight saving time rules, rule lines for the daylight saving time rules in effect in the US Eastern Time Zone (called \"NYC\" as New York City is the city representing that zone) in", "Title: United States Content: is New York City. Forty-eight states and the capital's federal district are contiguous in North America between Canada and Mexico. The State of Alaska is in the northwest corner of North America, bordered by Canada to the east and across the Bering Strait from Russia to the west. The State of Hawaii is an archipelago in the mid-Pacific Ocean. The U.S. territories are scattered about the Pacific Ocean and the Caribbean Sea, stretching across nine official time zones. The extremely diverse geography, climate, and wildlife of the United States make it one of the world's 17 megadiverse countries. Paleo-Indians migrated", "Title: Eastern Time Zone Content: between time zones is set forth in the Code of Federal Regulations, with the boundary between the Eastern and Central Time Zones being specifically detailed at 49 CFR 71. Seventeen states and Washington, D.C. are located entirely within the Eastern Time Zone. They are: Five states are partly in the Eastern Time Zone, with the remaining portions in the Central Time Zone. They are: Eastern Time is also used somewhat as a \"de facto\" official time for all of the United States because it includes the capital city (Washington D.C.), the most populous city (New York City), and half of", "Title: Effects of time zones on North American broadcasting Content: Effects of time zones on North American broadcasting The scheduling of television programming in North America (namely the United States, Canada, and Mexico) must cope with different time zones. The United States (excluding territories) has six time zones (Hawaii–Aleutian, Alaska, Pacific, Mountain, Central and Eastern), with further variation in the observance of daylight saving time. Canada also has six time zones (Pacific, Mountain, Central, Eastern, Atlantic and Newfoundland). Mexico has four time zones (Pacific, Mountain, Central, and Eastern). This requires broadcast and pay television networks in each country to shift programs in time to show them in different regions. Canadian", "Title: East Coast bias Content: major media hub is the East Coast city of New York, with ESPN and NBC Sports having their hubs in the neighboring state of Connecticut (although Los Angeles also serves as a significant hub on the West Coast). Canada's two major media hubs, Toronto (for English-language media) and Montréal (for French), are also both in the Eastern Time Zone. Buccigross wrote that an imbalance is understandable from Eastern writers, considering they are influenced by their close proximity and easier access to the happenings in the East. The East is home to nearly half of the country's population and is both", "Title: Pacific Time Zone Content: early November) is being observed. In Mexico, the corresponding time zone is known as the \"Zona Noroeste\" (Northwest Zone) and observes the same daylight saving schedule as the U.S. and Canada. The largest city in the Pacific Time Zone is Los Angeles; the city's metropolitan area is the largest in the zone. The zone is two hours ahead of the Hawaii–Aleutian Time Zone, one hour ahead of the Alaska Time Zone, one hour behind the Mountain Time Zone, two hours behind the Central Time Zone, three hours behind the Eastern Time Zone, and four hours behind the Atlantic Time Zone.", "Title: Eastern Time Zone Content: Costa Rica use Central Standard Time year-round. Panama in Central America uses Eastern Standard Time year-round. The state of Acre and the southwest part of the state of Amazonas (both in Brazil), along with Colombia, Ecuador (except for the Galápagos Islands, which uses Central Standard Time), and Peru in South America also use EST year-round. Eastern Time Zone The Eastern Time Zone (ET) is a time zone encompassing part or all of 22 states in the eastern part of the contiguous United States, parts of eastern Canada, the state of Quintana Roo in Mexico, Panama in Central America, and the", "Title: Geography of Brazil Content: South American continent and its geographic heartland (48% of South America), as well as various islands in the Atlantic Ocean. The only countries in the world that are larger are Russia, Canada, China, and the United States. The national territory extends from north to south (5°16'20\" N to 33°44'32\" S latitude), and from east to west (34°47'30\" E to 73°59'32\" W longitude). It spans three time zones, the westernmost of which is one hour ahead of Eastern Standard Time in the United States. The time zone of the capital (Brasília) and of the most populated part of Brazil along the", "Title: Time zone Content: often in major cities. For example, the border between its Eastern and Central time zones ran through Detroit, Buffalo, Pittsburgh, Atlanta, and Charleston. It was inaugurated on Sunday, , also called \"The Day of Two Noons\", when each railroad station clock was reset as standard-time noon was reached within each time zone. The zones were named Intercolonial, Eastern, Central, Mountain, and Pacific. Within a year 85% of all cities with populations over 10,000, about 200 cities, were using standard time. A notable exception was Detroit (which is about halfway between the meridians of eastern time and central time) which kept" ]

[ "Pacific Time Zone" ]

[ "Title: GM Financial Content: GM Financial General Motors Financial Company, Inc. is the financial services arm of General Motors. The company is a global provider of auto finance, with operations in the United States, Latin America, Canada, Europe, and China. The company is headquartered in Fort Worth, Texas, where it is one of the city's largest employers. Founded in 1992 as AmeriCredit Corp., the company was acquired by GM in October 2010 and renamed General Motors Financial Company, Inc. The company provides retail loan and lease programs through auto dealers for customers across the credit spectrum. They also offer commercial lending products, such as", "Title: General Motors Content: General Motors General Motors Company, commonly referred to as General Motors (GM), is an American multinational corporation headquartered in Detroit that designs, manufactures, markets, and distributes vehicles and vehicle parts, and sells financial services, with global headquarters in Detroit's Renaissance Center. It was originally founded by William C. Durant on September 16, 1908 as a holding company. The company is the largest American automobile manufacturer, and one of the world's largest. As of 2018, General Motors is ranked #10 on the Fortune 500 rankings of the largest United States corporations by total revenue. General Motors manufactures vehicles in 37 countries;", "Title: General Motors Content: Saturn Ion, the Chevrolet HHR, the Saturn Sky, and Pontiac Solstice. Eventually the recall involved about 2.6 million GM cars worldwide. Articles Books General Motors General Motors Company, commonly referred to as General Motors (GM), is an American multinational corporation headquartered in Detroit that designs, manufactures, markets, and distributes vehicles and vehicle parts, and sells financial services, with global headquarters in Detroit's Renaissance Center. It was originally founded by William C. Durant on September 16, 1908 as a holding company. The company is the largest American automobile manufacturer, and one of the world's largest. As of 2018, General Motors is", "Title: GM Korea Content: factories from GM Korea unit. These idea provokes protests in the workers of the Bupyeong-gu and Incheon GM Korea plants, when the syndicalized workers refuse to close the operations, and lead a strike against the government to protect their jobs. GM Korea GM Korea Company (, ) is South Korea's third largest automobile manufacturer and a subsidiary of General Motors. GM Korea's roots go back to the former Daewoo which was split from its parent company, Daewoo Group, in 2001. It has 3 manufacturing facilities in South Korea as well as a vehicle assembly facility in Vietnam. In addition, GM", "Title: GM Korea Content: GM Korea GM Korea Company (, ) is South Korea's third largest automobile manufacturer and a subsidiary of General Motors. GM Korea's roots go back to the former Daewoo which was split from its parent company, Daewoo Group, in 2001. It has 3 manufacturing facilities in South Korea as well as a vehicle assembly facility in Vietnam. In addition, GM Korea provides region and brand-specific vehicle assembly kits for assembly by GM affiliates in the United States, Australia, Brazil, China, Colombia, Germany, India, and Mexico. In 2008, GM Korea built more than 1.9 million vehicles, including CKD products. It now", "Title: History of General Motors Content: were sold globally under various brands. Current auto brands are Buick, Cadillac, Chevrolet, GMC, Holden and Wuling. Former GM automotive brands include La Salle, McLaughlin, Oakland, Oldsmobile, Opel, Pontiac, Hummer, Saab, Saturn and Vauxhall. In addition to brands selling assembled vehicles, GM also has had various automotive-component and non-automotive brands, many of which it divested in the 1980s through 2000s. These have included Euclid and Terex (earthmoving/construction/mining equipment & vehicles); Electro-Motive Diesel (locomotive, marine, and industrial diesel engines); Detroit Diesel (automotive and industrial diesel engines); Allison (Aircraft engines, transmissions, gas turbine engines); Frigidaire (Appliances including refrigeration and air conditioning); New", "Title: History of General Motors Content: GM logo. GM had stopped putting their logo on the cars in 2009, but GM did apply the GM logo on some of the early 2010 GM models. In February 2006, GM slashed its annual dividend from $2.00 to $1.00 per share. The reduction saved $565 million a year. In March 2006, GM divested 92.36 million shares (reducing its stake from 20% to 3%) of Japanese manufacturer Suzuki, in order to raise $2.3 billion. GM originally invested in Suzuki in the early 1980s. On March 23, 2006, a private equity consortium including Kohlberg Kravis Roberts, Goldman Sachs, and Five Mile", "Title: General Motors Content: Dutch automaker Spyker, and emerged from a government-backed Chapter 11 reorganization. In 2010, the reorganized GM made an initial public offering that was one of the world's top five largest IPOs to date, and returned to profitability later that year. Based on global sales, General Motors is routinely among the world's largest automakers. Headquartered at the Renaissance Center in Detroit, GM employs approximately 180,000 people around the world. In 2009, General Motors sold 6.5 million cars and trucks globally; in 2010, it sold 8.39 million. , Mary Barra is the chief executive officer (CEO) and chairman of the board and", "Title: History of General Motors Content: History of General Motors The history of General Motors (GM), one of the world's largest car and truck manufacturers, reaches back more than a century and involves a vast scope of industrial activity around the world, mostly focused on motorized transportation and the engineering and manufacturing that make it possible. Founded in 1908 as a holding company in Flint, Michigan, as of 2012 it employs approximately 209,000 people around the world. With global headquarters at the Renaissance Center in Detroit, Michigan, United States, General Motors manufactures cars and trucks in 35 countries. In 2008, 8.35 million GM cars and trucks", "Title: General Motors Content: globally. In 2011, GM returned to the first place with 9.025 million units sold worldwide, corresponding to 11.9% market share of the global motor vehicle industry. The top two markets in 2011 were China, with 2,547,203 units, and the United States, with 2,503,820 vehicles sold. The Chevrolet brand was the main contributor to GM performance, with 4.76 million vehicles sold around the world in 2011, a global sales record. In May 2013 during a commencement speech, CEO Dan Akerson suggested that GM was on the cusp of rejoining the S&P 500 index. GM was removed from the index as it" ]

[ "Automobile" ]

[ "Title: British English Content: the Oxford Manual is a fairly exhaustive standard for published British English that writers can turn to in the absence of specific guidance from their publishing house. Citations British English British English is the standard dialect of English language as spoken and written in the United Kingdom. Variations exist in formal, written English in the United Kingdom. For example, the adjective \"wee\" is almost exclusively used in parts of Scotland and Ireland, and occasionally Yorkshire, whereas \"little\" is predominant elsewhere. Nevertheless, there is a meaningful degree of uniformity in written English within the United Kingdom, and this could be described", "Title: Culture of the United Kingdom Content: Minority Languages, the UK Government has committed to the promotion of certain linguistic traditions. The United Kingdom has ratified the charter for: Welsh (in Wales), Scottish Gaelic and Scots (in Scotland), Cornish (in Cornwall), and Irish and Ulster Scots (in Northern Ireland). British Sign Language is also a recognised language. Owing to its long history, dialects and regional accents vary amongst the four countries of the United Kingdom, as well as within the countries themselves. Some nearby cities have different dialects and accents, such as Scousers from Liverpool and Mancunians from Manchester, which are separated by just 35 miles (56", "Title: British English Content: British English British English is the standard dialect of English language as spoken and written in the United Kingdom. Variations exist in formal, written English in the United Kingdom. For example, the adjective \"wee\" is almost exclusively used in parts of Scotland and Ireland, and occasionally Yorkshire, whereas \"little\" is predominant elsewhere. Nevertheless, there is a meaningful degree of uniformity in written English within the United Kingdom, and this could be described by the term British English. The forms of spoken English, however, vary considerably more than in most other areas of the world where English is spoken, so a", "Title: British people Content: British language, though English is by far the main language spoken by British citizens, being spoken monolingually by more than 70% of the UK population. English is therefore the \"de facto\" official language of the United Kingdom. However, under the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages, the Welsh, Scottish Gaelic, Cornish, Irish Gaelic, Ulster Scots, Manx, Scots and Lowland Scots languages are officially recognised as Regional or Minority languages by the UK Government. As indigenous languages which continue to be spoken as a first language by native inhabitants, Welsh and Scottish Gaelic have a different legal status from other", "Title: English-speaking world Content: the United States (at least 231 million), the United Kingdom (60 million), Canada (at least 20 million), Australia (at least 17 million), Ireland (4.8 million) and New Zealand (4.8 million). English is also the primary natively spoken language in the countries and territories of Anguilla, Antigua and Barbuda, the Bahamas, Barbados, Belize, Bermuda, the British Indian Ocean Territory, the British Virgin Islands, the Cayman Islands, Dominica, the Falkland Islands, Gibraltar, Grenada, Guam, Guernsey, Guyana, the Isle of Man, Jamaica, Jersey, Montserrat, Pitcairn Islands, Saint Helena, Ascension and Tristan da Cunha, Saint Kitts and Nevis, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, South", "Title: English language in Europe Content: lesser extent, natively by some expatriates from some countries in the English-speaking world. The English language is the de facto official language of England, the sole official language of Gibraltar and one of the official languages of the Republic of Ireland, Northern Ireland, Scotland, Wales, Malta, the Isle of Man, Jersey, Guernsey and the European Union. United Kingdom and Republic of Ireland makes \"European anglosphere\" with area of about 316,000 km² and population of over 70 million. According to a survey published in 2006, 13% of EU citizens speak English as their native language. Another 38% of EU citizens state", "Title: Languages of the United Kingdom Content: three. An estimated 700,000 people speak Welsh in the UK, an official language in Wales and the only \"de jure\" official language in any part of the UK. Approximately 1.5 million people in the UK speak Scots There is some discussion of the languages of the United Kingdom's three Crown dependencies (Jersey, Guernsey and the Isle of Man), though they are not part of the United Kingdom. The table below outlines living indigenous languages of the United Kingdom (England, Wales, Scotland and Northern Ireland). The languages of the Crown Dependencies (the Channel Islands and the Isle of Man) are not", "Title: Languages of the United Kingdom Content: included here. UK speakers, in the 2011 census, 59,824,194 (over the age of three) 98%. English is a West Germanic language brought around the fifth century CE to the east coast of what is now England by Germanic-speaking immigrants from around present-day northern Germany, who came to be known as the Anglo-Saxons. The fusion of these settlers' dialects became what is now termed Old English: the word \"English\" is derived from the name of the Angles. English soon displaced the previously predominant British Celtic and British Latin throughout most of England. It spread into what was to become south-east Scotland", "Title: English language Content: different countries. English is a pluricentric language, which means that no one national authority sets the standard for use of the language. But English is not a divided language, despite a long-standing joke originally attributed to George Bernard Shaw that the United Kingdom and the United States are \"two countries separated by a common language\". Spoken English, for example English used in broadcasting, generally follows national pronunciation standards that are also established by custom rather than by regulation. International broadcasters are usually identifiable as coming from one country rather than another through their accents, but newsreader scripts are also composed", "Title: United Kingdom Content: a question on ethnic group. In the 1991 UK census 94.1% of people reported themselves as being White British, White Irish or White Other with 5.9% of people reporting themselves as coming from other minority groups The UK's \"de facto\" official language is English. It is estimated that 95% of the UK's population are monolingual English speakers. 5.5% of the population are estimated to speak languages brought to the UK as a result of relatively recent immigration. South Asian languages, including Punjabi, Hindi, Bengali and Gujarati, are the largest grouping and are spoken by 2.7% of the UK population. According" ]

[ "Cornish Language", "Scottish Gaelic language", "Irish", "British Sign Language", "Scots Language", "Welsh Language", "Esperanto Language", "English Language" ]

[ "Title: Culture of Jamaica Content: to the island as indentured workers, bringing with them ideas from the Far East. These contributions resulted in a diversity that affected the language, music, dance, religion, and social norms and practices of the Jamaicans. The official language of the Jamaican people is English (derived from British influence) with a local dialect called Patois (pronounced \"patwa\") that is spoken by a majority of its people. This dialect is a combination of the languages from the different inhabitants in its history. It was developed by the slaves over time in an effort to communicate with each other, especially given that they", "Title: Jamaican English Content: a wedding speech, and a lower one for relating to friends; a Standard English-dominant speaker is likely to employ a lower variety when shopping at the market than at their workplace. Code-switching can also be metacommunicative (as when a Standard-dominant speaker switches to a more heavily basilect-influenced variety in an attempt at humor or to express solidarity). Jamaican English Jamaican English, which includes Jamaican Standard English, is a variety of English spoken in Jamaica. Like Canadian English (also part of the broad North American English classification), it resembles parts of both British English and American English dialects, but uniquely has", "Title: Jamaica Content: American, British and Canadians of Jamaican descent. A study found that the average admixture on the island was 78.3% Sub-Saharan African, 16.0% European, and 5.7% East Asian. Jamaica is regarded as a bilingual country, with two major languages in use by the population. The official language is English, which is \"used in all domains of public life\", including the government, the legal system, the media, and education. However, the primary spoken language is an English-based creole called Jamaican Patois (or Patwa). A 2007 survey by the Jamaican Language Unit found that 17.1 percent of the population were monolingual in Jamaican", "Title: Afro-Jamaican Content: Akrafena or \"soul sword\" and a Bosomfena or \"spirit sword\" A festival was dedicated to the heroism of the Akan king 'John Canoe' an Ahanta from Axim, Ghana in 1708. See John Canoe section. Jamaican Patois, known locally as Patwa, is an English–African creole language spoken primarily in Jamaica and the Jamaican diaspora. It is not to be confused with Jamaican English nor with the Rastafarian use of English. The language developed in the 17th century, when enslaved peoples from West and Central Africa blended their dialect and terms with the learned vernacular and dialectal forms of English spoken: British", "Title: Jamaican literature Content: Jamaican literature Jamaican literature is internationally renowned, with the island of Jamaica being the home or birthplace of many important authors. One of the most distinctive aspects of Jamaican literature is its use of the local dialect — a variation of English, the country's official language. Known to Jamaicans as \"patois\", and now sometimes described as \"nation language\", this creole has become an important element in Jamaican fiction, poetry and theater. Notable writers and intellectuals from elsewhere in the Caribbean region studied at the University of the West Indies in Kingston, include St. Lucian Nobel prize-winner, Derek Walcott, the late", "Title: Jamaican English Content: Jamaican English Jamaican English, which includes Jamaican Standard English, is a variety of English spoken in Jamaica. Like Canadian English (also part of the broad North American English classification), it resembles parts of both British English and American English dialects, but uniquely has many aspects of Irish intonation. Typically, it uses the same spellings as found in British English. A distinction exists between Jamaican English and Jamaican Patois (or Creole), though not entirely a sharp distinction so much as a gradual continuum between two extremes. Jamaican Standard English is a variety of International Standard English (see English English). Since the", "Title: Languages in censuses Content: widely through the spread of Reggae music. Jamaican Patois was formed from a base of mainly English words with elements of re-formed grammar, together with a little vocabulary from African languages and Native American words. Some archaic features are reminiscent of Irish English. More than 99 percent of the population speaks Japanese as their first language. Japanese is an agglutinative language distinguished by a system of honorifics reflecting the hierarchical nature of Japanese society, with verb forms and particular vocabulary indicating the relative status of speaker and listener. Japanese writing uses kanji (Chinese characters) and two sets of kana (syllabaries", "Title: Frederic G. Cassidy Content: titled \"Jamaica Talk.\" In 1967 he edited the \"Dictionary of Jamaican English,\" co-edited with Robert B. LePage, which drew from four centuries of written and oral usage. Cassidy advocated for creole languages to use an orthography, or writing style, that did not rely on European spelling conventions. Cassidy pioneered an orthography, initially proposed in 1961 and known as the Cassidy System, developed specifically for Jamaican that uses a phonemic system that closely reproduces the sound of the language. The Cassidy System was later adopted and modified by the Jamaican Language Unit (JLU) at University of the West Indies. In 2012", "Title: English language Content: Jamaica, and the Leeward and Windward Islands and Trinidad and Tobago, Barbados, the Cayman Islands, and Belize. Each of these areas are home both to a local variety of English and a local English based creole, combining English and African languages. The most prominent varieties are Jamaican English and Jamaican Creole. In Central America, English based creoles are spoken in on the Caribbean coasts of Nicaragua and Panama. Locals are often fluent both in the local English variety and the local creole languages and code-switching between them is frequent, indeed another way to conceptualise the relationship between Creole and Standard", "Title: Jamaican Patois Content: audio versions in Jamaica in December 2012. A comparison of the Lord's Prayer Jamaican Patois Jamaican Patois, known locally as Patois (Patwa or Patwah) and called Jamaican Creole by linguists, is an English-based creole language with West African influences (a majority of loan words of Akan origin) spoken primarily in Jamaica and the Jamaican diaspora; it is spoken by the majority of Jamaicans as a native language. Patois developed in the 17th century, when slaves from West and Central Africa were exposed to, learned and nativized the vernacular and dialectal forms of English spoken by the slaveholders: British English, Scots" ]

[ "Jamaican Creole English Language", "Jamaican English" ]

[ "Title: LeBron James Content: James \"is the best player, he is the best leader and he is as smart as anybody playing the game right now.\" Standing and weighing , James has started at small forward and power forward, but he can also play the other three positions. Thoughout most of his career, he has controlled the offense as the primary ball handler on his team. His athletic and versatile playing style has drawn comparisons to Hall of Famers Oscar Robertson, Magic Johnson, and Michael Jordan. James's career averages are 27.2 points, 7.4 rebounds, 7.2 assists, 1.6 steals and 0.8 blocks per game. Since", "Title: LeBron James Content: AAU basketball game. Some sports analysts, football critics, high school coaches, former and current players have speculated that James could have played in the National Football League. James was selected by his hometown team, the Cleveland Cavaliers, as the first overall pick of the 2003 NBA draft. In his first regular season game, he scored 25 points against the Sacramento Kings, setting an NBA record for most points scored by a prep-to-pro player in his debut performance. At the conclusion of the season, he was named the NBA Rookie of the Year, finishing with averages of 20.9 points, 5.5 rebounds,", "Title: LeBron James Content: LeBron James LeBron Raymone James Sr. (; born December 30, 1984) is an American professional basketball player for the Los Angeles Lakers of the National Basketball Association (NBA). Often considered the best basketball player in the world and regarded by some as the greatest player of all time, James' accomplishments are extensive and include four NBA Most Valuable Player Awards, three NBA Finals MVP Awards, two Olympic gold medals, three All-Star Game MVP awards, and an NBA scoring title. He is the all-time NBA playoffs scoring leader and has amassed fourteen NBA All-Star Game appearances, twelve All-NBA First Team designations,", "Title: LeBron James Content: and five All-Defensive First Team honors. A prep-to-pro, James played high school basketball for St. Vincent–St. Mary High School in his hometown of Akron, Ohio, where he was heavily touted in the national media as a future NBA superstar. He joined the Cleveland Cavaliers in 2003 as the first overall draft pick. James quickly emerged as a league star and concluded his first season by winning the NBA Rookie of the Year Award. He would go on to establish himself as one of the premier players in the NBA with multiple accolades, including being given the NBA Most Valuable Player", "Title: LeBron James Content: viewed more favorably. At the beginning of James's NBA career, he was considered a poor defensive player, but he improved steadily through the years. In 2009, he became proficient at the chase-down block, which involves coming in from behind the opposition in transition to block their shot. In Miami, he developed into a more versatile defensive player, and the Heat relied on him to guard all five positions. Along with Shane Battier and Dwyane Wade, Miami used James in an ultra-aggressive defensive scheme, with James cheating off the ball to help out inside or get into rebounding position. Beginning in", "Title: History of basketball Content: more popular in many places around the world, most noticeably China. Further championships in 2009 and 2010 helped raise his popularity. In 2015, he announced the following season would be his last. He would have played in 20 seasons by then. Another player who revolutionized the game of basketball was LeBron James. He was taken as the first overall pick in the 2003 NBA Draft by the Cleveland Cavaliers, and has worked his way to become the face of the NBA and basketball around the world. He left the Cavaliers in 2010 to join the Miami Heat along with fellow", "Title: LeBron James Jr. Content: has a younger brother Bryce, born in 2007, and a younger sister Zhuri, born in 2014. At the time of Bryce's birth, his father joked that his two sons resembled \"two small, small forwards, kind of like Tayshaun Prince.\" In his childhood, James played several sports including basketball and soccer, but his father did not allow him to play football or ice hockey over safety concerns. At age 9, he played basketball for the Miami City Ballers at a fourth grade AAU tournament while being observed by Kentucky Wildcats head coach John Calipari. Ohio State Buckeyes coach Thad Matta joked,", "Title: LeBron James Jr. Content: members of the Alabama Hoopers, James made 4 three-pointers in a 84–59 win. On July 29, he reportedly made his first slam dunk during warm-ups for the Bigfoot Hoops Las Vegas Classic. On August 6, 2018, it was announced that James would attend Crossroads School in Santa Monica, California. However, he will not be able to play with the varsity basketball team in the 2018–19 season under California Interscholastic Federation (CIF) rules. James wears the number 0 jersey as inspiration from his favorite NBA player Russell Westbrook, who plays point guard for the Oklahoma City Thunder. His godfather is Houston", "Title: LeBron James Content: with Miami after four seasons to re-sign with the Cavaliers. In 2016, James led the Cavaliers to their first NBA championship by defeating the Golden State Warriors to end Cleveland's 52-year professional sports title drought. In 2018, he opted out of his Cleveland contract to sign with the Lakers. James was born on December 30, 1984, in Akron, Ohio to a 16-year-old mother, Gloria Marie James. His father, Anthony McClelland, has an extensive criminal record and was not involved in their life. When James was growing up, life was often a struggle for the family, as they moved from apartment", "Title: LeBron James Content: 2011, he has been ranked the best player in the NBA by ESPN and \"Sports Illustrated\". As an 18-year-old rookie, James led the Cavaliers in scoring. He holds numerous \"youngest to\" distinctions, including being the youngest player to score 30,000 career points. During his first stint in Cleveland, he was primarily used as an on-ball point forward, and although his shooting tendencies were perimeter-oriented, he established himself as one of the best slashers and finishers in basketball. His combination of speed, quickness, and size often created matchup problems for opposing teams because he was capable of blowing by larger defenders" ]

[ "Small forward", "Point forward" ]