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He is usually depicted as holding a shield adorned with balls of eagle feathers, an homage to his mother and the story of his birth.
In Aztec mythology, Huitzilopochtli, also spelled Uitzilopochtli, was a god of war, a sun god, and the patron of the city of Tenochtitlan.
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He also holds the blue snake, Xiuhcoatl, in his hand in the form of an atlatl, or spear thrower.
In Aztec mythology, Huitzilopochtli, also spelled Uitzilopochtli, was a god of war, a sun god, and the patron of the city of Tenochtitlan.
0.05814
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1_109519-1-19-0
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Diego Durán described the festivities for Huitzilopochtli.
In Aztec mythology, Huitzilopochtli, also spelled Uitzilopochtli, was a god of war, a sun god, and the patron of the city of Tenochtitlan.
0.011628
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1_109519-1-19-1
1_109519-0-0-0
Panquetzaliztli (7 December to 26 December) was the Aztec month dedicated to Huitzilopochtli.
In Aztec mythology, Huitzilopochtli, also spelled Uitzilopochtli, was a god of war, a sun god, and the patron of the city of Tenochtitlan.
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1_109519-1-19-2
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People decorated their homes and trees with paper flags; there were ritual races, processions, dances, songs, prayers, and finally human sacrifices.
In Aztec mythology, Huitzilopochtli, also spelled Uitzilopochtli, was a god of war, a sun god, and the patron of the city of Tenochtitlan.
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1_109519-1-19-3
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This was one of the more important Aztec festivals, and the people prepared for the whole month.
In Aztec mythology, Huitzilopochtli, also spelled Uitzilopochtli, was a god of war, a sun god, and the patron of the city of Tenochtitlan.
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They fasted or ate very little; a statue of the god was made with amaranth "(huautli)" seeds and honey, and at the end of the month, it was cut into small pieces so everybody could eat a little piece of the god.
In Aztec mythology, Huitzilopochtli, also spelled Uitzilopochtli, was a god of war, a sun god, and the patron of the city of Tenochtitlan.
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1_109519-1-19-5
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After the Spanish conquest, cultivation of amaranth was outlawed, while some of the festivities were subsumed into the Christmas celebration.
In Aztec mythology, Huitzilopochtli, also spelled Uitzilopochtli, was a god of war, a sun god, and the patron of the city of Tenochtitlan.
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According to the "Ramírez Codex", in Tenochtitlan approximately sixty prisoners were sacrificed at the festivities.
In Aztec mythology, Huitzilopochtli, also spelled Uitzilopochtli, was a god of war, a sun god, and the patron of the city of Tenochtitlan.
0.034884
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1_109519-1-20-1
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Sacrifices were reported to be made in other Aztec cities, including Tlatelolco, Xochimilco, and Texcoco, but the number is unknown, and no currently available archeological findings confirm this.
In Aztec mythology, Huitzilopochtli, also spelled Uitzilopochtli, was a god of war, a sun god, and the patron of the city of Tenochtitlan.
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1_109519-1-21-0
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For the reconsecration of Great Pyramid of Tenochtitlan in 1487, dedicated to Tlaloc and Huitzilopochtli, the Aztecs reported that they sacrificed about 20,400 prisoners over the course of four days.
In Aztec mythology, Huitzilopochtli, also spelled Uitzilopochtli, was a god of war, a sun god, and the patron of the city of Tenochtitlan.
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1_109519-1-21-1
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While accepted by some scholars, this claim also has been considered Aztec propaganda.
In Aztec mythology, Huitzilopochtli, also spelled Uitzilopochtli, was a god of war, a sun god, and the patron of the city of Tenochtitlan.
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There were 19 altars in the city of Tenochtitlan.
In Aztec mythology, Huitzilopochtli, also spelled Uitzilopochtli, was a god of war, a sun god, and the patron of the city of Tenochtitlan.
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In the Aztec religion, Huitzilopochtli is a deity of war, sun, human sacrifice, and the patron of the city of Tenochtitlan.
The legend of Huitzilopochtli is recorded in the Mexicayotl Chronicle.
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He was also the national god of the Mexicas, also known as Aztecs, of Tenochtitlan.
The legend of Huitzilopochtli is recorded in the Mexicayotl Chronicle.
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Many in the pantheon of deities of the Aztecs were inclined to have a fondness for a particular aspect of warfare.
The legend of Huitzilopochtli is recorded in the Mexicayotl Chronicle.
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However, Huitzilopochtli was known as the primary god of war in ancient Mexico.
The legend of Huitzilopochtli is recorded in the Mexicayotl Chronicle.
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Since he was the patron god of the Mexica, he was credited with both the victories and defeats that the Mexica people had on the battlefield.
The legend of Huitzilopochtli is recorded in the Mexicayotl Chronicle.
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The people had to make sacrifices to him to protect the Aztec from infinite night.
The legend of Huitzilopochtli is recorded in the Mexicayotl Chronicle.
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He wielded Xiuhcoatl as a weapon, associating him with fire.
The legend of Huitzilopochtli is recorded in the Mexicayotl Chronicle.
0
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As noted by the Spaniards during their discovery and conquest of Mexico, human sacrifice was common in worship ceremonies, which took place frequently and in numerous temples throughout the region, and when performed they typically sacrificed multiple victims per day at a given temple.
The legend of Huitzilopochtli is recorded in the Mexicayotl Chronicle.
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1_109519-0-1-0
The name means "Hummingbird('s) South" or "Hummingbird('s) Left", yet it has commonly been translated as "Southern hummingbird" or "left-handed hummingbird".
The legend of Huitzilopochtli is recorded in the Mexicayotl Chronicle.
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The discrepancy between "left" and "south" in translation stems from the Aztec belief that the south was the left side of the world.
The legend of Huitzilopochtli is recorded in the Mexicayotl Chronicle.
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Despite the popularity of these later interpretations, Huitzilopochtli's name most probably does "not" mean "left-handed/southern hummingbird" considering that the Classical Nahuatl "huītzilin" ("hummingbird") is the modifier of "ōpōchtli" ("left-hand side") in this compound rather than the reverse; there continues to be much disagreement as to the full meaning of this name.
The legend of Huitzilopochtli is recorded in the Mexicayotl Chronicle.
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In the "tlaxotecuyotl", a hymn sung in reverence to Huitzilopotchtli, he is referred to as: the Dart-Hurler, the divine hurler, and a terror to the Mixteca.
The legend of Huitzilopochtli is recorded in the Mexicayotl Chronicle.
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1_109519-1-4-0
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There are a handful of origin mythologies describing the deity's beginnings.
The legend of Huitzilopochtli is recorded in the Mexicayotl Chronicle.
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One story tells of the cosmic creation and Huitzilopochtli's role in it.
The legend of Huitzilopochtli is recorded in the Mexicayotl Chronicle.
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According to this legend, he was the smallest son of four—his parents being the creator couple Tonacatecutli and Tonacacihuatl while his brothers were Quetzalcoatl and the two Tezcatlipocas.
The legend of Huitzilopochtli is recorded in the Mexicayotl Chronicle.
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His mother and father instructed him and Quetzalcoatl to bring order to the world.
The legend of Huitzilopochtli is recorded in the Mexicayotl Chronicle.
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Together, Huitzilopochtli and Quetzalcoatl created fire, the first male and female humans, the Earth, and the Sun.
The legend of Huitzilopochtli is recorded in the Mexicayotl Chronicle.
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1_109519-0-1-0
Another origin story tells of a fierce goddess, Coatlicue, being impregnated as she was sweeping by a ball of feathers on Mount Coatepec ("Serpent Hill"; near Tula, Hidalgo).
The legend of Huitzilopochtli is recorded in the Mexicayotl Chronicle.
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Her other children, who were already fully grown, were the four hundred male Centzonuitznaua and the female deity Coyolxauhqui.
The legend of Huitzilopochtli is recorded in the Mexicayotl Chronicle.
0.028571
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1_109519-1-5-2
1_109519-0-1-0
These children, angered by the manner by which their mother became impregnated, conspired to kill her.
The legend of Huitzilopochtli is recorded in the Mexicayotl Chronicle.
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Huitzilopochtli burst forth from his mother's womb in full armor and fully grown, or in other versions of the story, burst forth from the womb and immediately put on his gear.
The legend of Huitzilopochtli is recorded in the Mexicayotl Chronicle.
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He attacked his older brothers and sister, defending his mother by beheading his sister and casting her body from the mountain top.
The legend of Huitzilopochtli is recorded in the Mexicayotl Chronicle.
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He also chased after his brothers, who fled from him and became scattered all over the sky.
The legend of Huitzilopochtli is recorded in the Mexicayotl Chronicle.
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Huitzilopochtli is seen as the sun in mythology, while his many male siblings are perceived as the stars and his sister as the moon.
The legend of Huitzilopochtli is recorded in the Mexicayotl Chronicle.
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In the Aztec worldview, this is the reason why the Sun is constantly chasing the Moon and stars.
The legend of Huitzilopochtli is recorded in the Mexicayotl Chronicle.
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It is also why it was so important to provide tribute for Huitzilopochtli as sustenance for the Sun.
The legend of Huitzilopochtli is recorded in the Mexicayotl Chronicle.
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If Huitzilopochtli did not have enough strength to battle his siblings, they would destroy their mother and thus the world.
The legend of Huitzilopochtli is recorded in the Mexicayotl Chronicle.
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Huitzilopochtli was the patron god of the Mexica tribe.
The legend of Huitzilopochtli is recorded in the Mexicayotl Chronicle.
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Originally he was of little importance to the Nahuas, but after the rise of the Aztecs, Tlacaelel reformed their religion and put Huitzilopochtli at the same level as Quetzalcoatl, Tlaloc, and Tezcatlipoca, making him a solar god.
The legend of Huitzilopochtli is recorded in the Mexicayotl Chronicle.
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Through this, Huitzilopochtli replaced Nanahuatzin, the solar god from the Nahua legend.
The legend of Huitzilopochtli is recorded in the Mexicayotl Chronicle.
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Huitzilopochtli was said to be in a constant struggle with the darkness and required nourishment in the form of sacrifices to ensure the sun would survive the cycle of 52 years, which was the basis of many Mesoamerican myths.
The legend of Huitzilopochtli is recorded in the Mexicayotl Chronicle.
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While popular accounts claim it was necessary to have a daily sacrifice, sacrifices were only done on festive days.
The legend of Huitzilopochtli is recorded in the Mexicayotl Chronicle.
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There were 18 especially holy festive days, and only one of them was dedicated to Huitzilopochtli.
The legend of Huitzilopochtli is recorded in the Mexicayotl Chronicle.
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This celebration day, known as Toxcatl, falls within the fifteenth month of the Mexican calendar.
The legend of Huitzilopochtli is recorded in the Mexicayotl Chronicle.
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During the festival, captives and slaves were brought forth and slain ceremoniously.
The legend of Huitzilopochtli is recorded in the Mexicayotl Chronicle.
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Every 52 years, the Nahuas feared the world would end as the other four creations of their legends had.
The legend of Huitzilopochtli is recorded in the Mexicayotl Chronicle.
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Under Tlacaelel, Aztecs believed that they could give strength to Huitzilopochtli with human blood and thereby postpone the end of the world, at least for another 52 years.
The legend of Huitzilopochtli is recorded in the Mexicayotl Chronicle.
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War was an important source of both human and material tribute.
The legend of Huitzilopochtli is recorded in the Mexicayotl Chronicle.
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Human tribute was used for sacrificial purposes because human blood was believed to be extremely important, and thus powerful.
The legend of Huitzilopochtli is recorded in the Mexicayotl Chronicle.
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According to Aztec mythology, Huitzilopochtli needed blood as sustenance in order to continue to keep his sister and many brothers at bay as he chased them through the sky.
The legend of Huitzilopochtli is recorded in the Mexicayotl Chronicle.
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1_109519-0-1-0
In the book "El Calendario Mexica y la Cronografia" by Rafael Tena and published by the National Institute of Anthropology and History of Mexico, the author gives the last day of the Nahuatl month Panquetzaliztli as the date of the celebration of the rebirth of the Lord Huitzilopochtli on top of Coatepec (Snake Hill); December 9 in the Julian calendar or December 19 in the Gregorian calendar with the variant of December 18 in leap years.
The legend of Huitzilopochtli is recorded in the Mexicayotl Chronicle.
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The most important and powerful structure in Tenochtitlan is the Templo Mayor.
The legend of Huitzilopochtli is recorded in the Mexicayotl Chronicle.
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Its importance as the sacred center is reflected in the fact that it was enlarged frontally eleven times during the two hundred years of its existence.
The legend of Huitzilopochtli is recorded in the Mexicayotl Chronicle.
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The Great Temple of Tenochtitlan was dedicated to Huitzilopochtli and Tlaloc, the rain god.
The legend of Huitzilopochtli is recorded in the Mexicayotl Chronicle.
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16th century Dominican Friar Diego Durán wrote, "These two gods were always meant to be together, since they were considered companions of equal power."
The legend of Huitzilopochtli is recorded in the Mexicayotl Chronicle.
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The Templo Mayor actually consisted of a pyramidal platform, on top of which were twin temples.
The legend of Huitzilopochtli is recorded in the Mexicayotl Chronicle.
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The South one was Huitzilopochtli's, and the North one was Tlaloc's.
The legend of Huitzilopochtli is recorded in the Mexicayotl Chronicle.
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That these two deities were on opposite sides of the Great Temple is very representative of the Aztec dichotomy that the deities represent.
The legend of Huitzilopochtli is recorded in the Mexicayotl Chronicle.
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Tlaloc, as the rain god, represented fertility and growth, while Huitzilopochtli, as the sun god, represented war and sacrifice.
The legend of Huitzilopochtli is recorded in the Mexicayotl Chronicle.
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The Templo Mayor is made up of two shrines side-by-side; one painted with blue stripes and the other painted red.
The legend of Huitzilopochtli is recorded in the Mexicayotl Chronicle.
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The blue shrine was to Tlaloc and represented the rainy season and the summer solstice.
The legend of Huitzilopochtli is recorded in the Mexicayotl Chronicle.
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The red shrine was to Huitzilopochtli, painted to symbolize blood and war.
The legend of Huitzilopochtli is recorded in the Mexicayotl Chronicle.
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Although the shrines were next to each other, Huitzilopochtli's was toward the south side.
The legend of Huitzilopochtli is recorded in the Mexicayotl Chronicle.
0.04
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The Coyolxauhqui stone was found directly at the base of the stairway leading up to Huitzilopochtli's temple.
The legend of Huitzilopochtli is recorded in the Mexicayotl Chronicle.
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On both sides of the stairway's base were two large grinning serpent heads.
The legend of Huitzilopochtli is recorded in the Mexicayotl Chronicle.
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The image is clear.
The legend of Huitzilopochtli is recorded in the Mexicayotl Chronicle.
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The Templo Mayor is the image of Coatepec or Serpent Mountain where the divine battle took place.
The legend of Huitzilopochtli is recorded in the Mexicayotl Chronicle.
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Just as Huitzilopochtli triumphed at the top of the mountain, while his sister was dismembered and fell to pieces below, so Huitzilopochtli's temple and icon sat triumphantly at the top of the Templo Mayor while the carving of the dismembered goddess lay far below.
The legend of Huitzilopochtli is recorded in the Mexicayotl Chronicle.
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This drama of sacrificial dismemberment was vividly repeated in some of the offerings found around the Coyolxauhqui stone in which the decapitated skulls of young women were placed.
The legend of Huitzilopochtli is recorded in the Mexicayotl Chronicle.
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This suggestion is that there was a ritual reenactment of the myth at the dedication of the stone sometime in the latter part of the fifteenth century.
The legend of Huitzilopochtli is recorded in the Mexicayotl Chronicle.
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1_109519-0-1-0
According to Miguel León-Portilla, in this new vision from Tlacaelel, the warriors that died in battle and women who died in childbirth would go to serve Huitzilopochtli in his palace (in the south, or left).
The legend of Huitzilopochtli is recorded in the Mexicayotl Chronicle.
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From a description in the "Florentine Codex", Huitzilopochtli was so bright that the warrior souls had to use their shields to protect their eyes.
The legend of Huitzilopochtli is recorded in the Mexicayotl Chronicle.
0.055556
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1_109519-1-14-2
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They could only see the god through the arrow holes in their shields, so it was the bravest warrior who could see him best.
The legend of Huitzilopochtli is recorded in the Mexicayotl Chronicle.
0.033333
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Warriors were transformed into hummingbirds upon death and went to join Huitzilopochtli.
The legend of Huitzilopochtli is recorded in the Mexicayotl Chronicle.
0
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1_109519-1-15-0
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As the precise studies of Johanna Broda have shown, the creation myth consisted of “several layers of symbolism, ranging from a purely historical explanation to one in terms of cosmovision and possible astronomical content.”
The legend of Huitzilopochtli is recorded in the Mexicayotl Chronicle.
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At one level, Huitzilopochtli's birth and victorious battle against the four hundred children represent the character of the solar region of the Aztecs in that the daily sunrise was viewed as a celestial battle against the moon (Coyolxauhqui) and the stars (Centzon Huitznahua).
The legend of Huitzilopochtli is recorded in the Mexicayotl Chronicle.
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Another version of the myth, found in the historical chronicles of Diego Duran and Alvarado Tezozomoc, tells the story with strong historical allusion and portrays two Aztec factions in ferocious battle.
The legend of Huitzilopochtli is recorded in the Mexicayotl Chronicle.
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1_109519-1-15-3
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The leader of one group, Huitzilopochtli, defeats the warriors of a woman leader, Coyolxauh, and tears open their breasts and eats their hearts.
The legend of Huitzilopochtli is recorded in the Mexicayotl Chronicle.
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1_109519-1-15-4
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Both versions tell of the origin of human sacrifice at the sacred place, Coatepec, during the rise of the Aztec nation and at the foundation of Tenochtitlan.
The legend of Huitzilopochtli is recorded in the Mexicayotl Chronicle.
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1_109519-1-16-0
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There are several legends and myths of Huitzilopochtli.
The legend of Huitzilopochtli is recorded in the Mexicayotl Chronicle.
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1_109519-1-16-1
1_109519-0-1-0
According to the "Aubin Codex", the Aztecs originally came from a place called Aztlán.
The legend of Huitzilopochtli is recorded in the Mexicayotl Chronicle.
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1_109519-1-16-2
1_109519-0-1-0
They lived under the ruling of a powerful elite called the "Azteca Chicomoztoca".
The legend of Huitzilopochtli is recorded in the Mexicayotl Chronicle.
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1_109519-1-16-3
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Huitzilopochtli ordered them to abandon Aztlán and find a new home.
The legend of Huitzilopochtli is recorded in the Mexicayotl Chronicle.
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1_109519-1-16-4
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He also ordered them never to call themselves Aztec; instead they should be called "Mexica."
The legend of Huitzilopochtli is recorded in the Mexicayotl Chronicle.
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1_109519-1-16-5
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Huitzilopochtli guided them through the journey.
The legend of Huitzilopochtli is recorded in the Mexicayotl Chronicle.
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1_109519-1-16-6
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For a time, Huitzilopochtli left them in the charge of his sister, Malinalxochitl, who, according to legend, founded Malinalco, but the Aztecs resented her ruling and called back Huitzilopochtli.
The legend of Huitzilopochtli is recorded in the Mexicayotl Chronicle.
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1_109519-1-16-7
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He put his sister to sleep and ordered the Aztecs to leave the place.
The legend of Huitzilopochtli is recorded in the Mexicayotl Chronicle.
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1_109519-1-16-8
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When she woke up and realized she was alone, she became angry and desired revenge.
The legend of Huitzilopochtli is recorded in the Mexicayotl Chronicle.
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1_109519-1-16-9
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She gave birth to a son called Copil.
The legend of Huitzilopochtli is recorded in the Mexicayotl Chronicle.
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1_109519-1-16-10
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When he grew up, he confronted Huitzilopochtli, who had to kill him.
The legend of Huitzilopochtli is recorded in the Mexicayotl Chronicle.
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1_109519-1-16-11
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Huitzilopochtli then took his heart and threw it in the middle of Lake Texcoco.
The legend of Huitzilopochtli is recorded in the Mexicayotl Chronicle.
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1_109519-1-16-12
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Many years later, Huitzilopochtli ordered the Aztecs to search for Copil's heart and build their city over it.
The legend of Huitzilopochtli is recorded in the Mexicayotl Chronicle.
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1_109519-1-16-13
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The sign would be an eagle perched on a cactus, eating a precious serpent, and the place would become their permanent home.
The legend of Huitzilopochtli is recorded in the Mexicayotl Chronicle.
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1_109519-1-16-14
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After much traveling, they arrived at the area which would eventually be Tenochtitlan on an island in the Lago Texcoco of the Valley of Mexico.
The legend of Huitzilopochtli is recorded in the Mexicayotl Chronicle.
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1_109519-1-17-0
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In art and iconography, Huitzilopochtli could be represented either as a hummingbird or as an anthropomorphic figure with just the feathers of such on his head and left leg, a black face, and holding a scepter shaped like a snake and a mirror.
The legend of Huitzilopochtli is recorded in the Mexicayotl Chronicle.
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1_109519-1-17-1
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According to the Florentine Codex, Huitzilopochtli's body was painted blue.
The legend of Huitzilopochtli is recorded in the Mexicayotl Chronicle.
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1_109519-1-17-2
1_109519-0-1-0
In the great temple his statue was decorated with cloth, feathers, gold, and jewels, and was hidden behind a curtain to give it more reverence and veneration.
The legend of Huitzilopochtli is recorded in the Mexicayotl Chronicle.
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