id
stringlengths 2
8
| title
stringlengths 1
110
| views
int64 22
408k
| langs
int64 0
305
| text
stringlengths 21
13.5k
|
|---|---|---|---|---|
16593309 | Kawasaki Aerospace Company | 22 | 9 | During the early 1930s, Kawasaki built Salmson biplanes and engines under license, and also developed a number of its own designs. Kawasaki hired the noted German Aerospace engineer and designer, Dr. Richard Vogt, from 1923 to 1933 to assist with design work and to train Japanese engineers. Among Vogt's pupils was Takeo Doi, the future chief designer for Kawasaki. Vogt later went on to become chief designer for German industrial corporation Blohm & Voss. |
16593309 | Kawasaki Aerospace Company | 22 | 9 | Kawasaki obtained a license from Dornier for all-metal construction flying boats, and the Kawasaki-Dornier "Wal" made a notable flight in December 1924; however, Kawasaki thereafter specialized in land planes. Noted designs include the: |
16593309 | Kawasaki Aerospace Company | 22 | 9 | During the occupation of Japan after the end of the Second World War, all of Japan's aerospace industry was dismantled, designs destroyed and plants converted to other uses. After the ban on aircraft development was lifted during March 1954, a new company was founded by the merger of subsidiary companies "K.K. Kawasaki Gifu Seisakusho" and "Kawasaki Kikai Kogyo K.K.", retaining the name of the pre-war "Kawasaki Kokuki Kogyo KK". |
16593309 | Kawasaki Aerospace Company | 22 | 9 | The Kawasaki "KAL-1", first flown in July 1953, was the first postwar all-metal aircraft of Japanese design. Early production activity at the company included 210 Lockheed T-33 jet trainers, 48 Lockheed P-2H Neptune maritime patrol aircraft and 239 Bell 47 helicopters, all under license from the United States. |
16593309 | Kawasaki Aerospace Company | 22 | 9 | In response to encouragement from the Japanese government, during 1957, Kawasaki joined in a joint venture, participating along with various other Japanese aerospace companies, including Mitsubishi Heavy Industries, Fuji Heavy Industries, Shin Meiwa, Showa Aircraft Industry Company and Japan Aircraft Industry Company in the development and manufacturing what would become the NAMC YS-11, an indigenously developed twin-turboprop airliner. Kawasaki provided both personnel and infrastructure for the venture, manufacturing various components of the YS-11. |
16593309 | Kawasaki Aerospace Company | 22 | 9 | During April 1969, "Kawasaki Kokuki K.K." was dissolved, its assets being restructured as a division of the reorganized Kawasaki Heavy Industries (KHI). |
16593309 | Kawasaki Aerospace Company | 22 | 9 | During April 1969, the former "Kawasaki Kokuki K.K." was dissolved and became a division of the reorganized Kawasaki Heavy Industries (KHI). Kawasaki is a major contractor for the Japanese Ministry of Defense. Although in November 1970, Kawasaki completed Japan's first domestically designed twin turbofan military transport, the C-1, the company concentrated primarily on licensed production of derivatives of American patrol aircraft and helicopters through the 1990s. Kawasaki built 82 P-2Js (derived from the Lockheed P-2 Neptune), 211 KH-4 helicopters (derived from the Bell 47), 160 Kawasaki KV-107 helicopters (derived from the Boeing Vertol 107 Model II), and Hughes/McDonnell Douglas Model 500D and OH-6DA helicopters. Kawasaki also built 101 P-3C antisubmarine warfare patrol airplanes plus four EP-3/UP-3D electronic intelligence/training variants, and 68 CH-47J / JA. |
16593309 | Kawasaki Aerospace Company | 22 | 9 | On 25 February 1977, Kawasaki and German aerospace manufacturer Messerschmitt-Bölkow-Blohm (MBB) signed an agreement to cooperate on the development of a new rotorcraft; under the terms of this agreement, the two corporations merged their previously separate projects to produce twin-engined general purpose helicopters, these being the "Bo 107" by MBB and the "KH-7" from Kawasaki. Separate elements were assigned to each company; MBB were responsible for developing the rotors (these were based on the rigid rotor system previously used on MBB's Bo 105), tailboom, flight controls and hydraulic system while Kawasaki undertook the development of the landing gear, airframe, main transmission, electrical system and other minor components. Each company established their own final assembly lines on which they produced the rotorcraft to meet demands within their respective local markets. |
16593309 | Kawasaki Aerospace Company | 22 | 9 | During the 1970s and 1980s, Kawasaki developed an indigenous intermediate jet trainer and liaison aircraft, the T-4. Manufacture was performed by a consortium consisting of Mitsubishi, Fuji, and Kawasaki, the latter providing leadership over the venture. The final assembly line for the type was established at Kawasaki's plant in Gifu, capable of producing a maximum of two and a half aircraft per month. In addition to economic and performance consideration, the T-4's design had to incorporate political desires as well; significant emphasis had been placed upon powering it with the first all-Japanese production turbofan engine, the Ishikawajima-Harima F3-IHI-30. According to aerospace publication Flight International, it was considered plausible for the T-4 to have been a competitive product upon the global trainer aircraft market, but such opportunities were denied by a long-standing Japanese policy that forbid military export sales. |
16593309 | Kawasaki Aerospace Company | 22 | 9 | On 18 September 1992, Kawasaki was appointed by the Ministry of Defense to produce the OH-1, an indigenously designed armed observation and light attack helicopter. It was responsible for manufacturing 50 per cent of the airframe, as well as coordinating development of its rotor system; the remaining airframe elements were manufactured by Mitsubishi and Fuji. During June 1998, after finalising a production contract and receipt of an initial order earlier that year, series production of the OH-1 officially commenced. By the late 1990s, the JGSDF had announced that its plans to eventually procure between 150 and 250 OH-Xs to meet its requirements. Kawasaki has proposed multiple derivatives of the OH-1, including a utility variant intended to replace the JGSDF's fleet of Fuji-built Bell UH-1J Iroquois helicopters, and an attack-oriented version tentatively designated as the "AH-2". |
16593309 | Kawasaki Aerospace Company | 22 | 9 | During the 2000s, the company developed two closely related multi-engine fixed-wing aircraft, the XP-1 maritime patrol airplane and the XC-2 transport aircraft. Kawasaki was appointed as the prime contractor for both programmes during 2001, its launch occurred almost 30 years after the previous large-scale domestic development of an aircraft in Japan. Although the P-X and C-X designs were originally independent, it was decided that having common components to both designs would be useful. The JDA mandated that the two aircraft share identical body components; common components include the cockpit windows, outer wings, horizontal stabilizer, and other systems. Internal shared parts include the auxiliary power unit, cockpit panel, flight control system computer, anti-collision lights, and gear control unit. Due to the different roles of the two aircraft, they remain distinctly separate. The sharing of development resources had allowed for a large reduction in overall development costs which, when including the C-2, were reported as being 345 billion Yen ($3 billion) in 2007. On 30 June 2016, the C-2 airlifter formally entered service with the Japan Air Self-Defense Force. |
16593309 | Kawasaki Aerospace Company | 22 | 9 | Kawasaki produced the AgustaWestland AW101, a tri-engined medium-lift helicopter, under license from Anglo-Italian helicopter manufacturer AgustaWestland. During 2002, the company, along with AgustaWestland and Marubeni, formalised an agreement to cooperate on the AW101's production in Japan; Kawasaki began the assembly of both the CH-101 and the MCH-101 models in 2003. Kawasaki also began licensed production of its RTM322 engines during 2005. A specialised mine sweeping and transport model, designated as "MCH-101" by the Japan Defense Agency, was produced for the Japan Maritime Self-Defense Force. Special features include the automated folding of the rotor and tail. For the mine-hunting role, the MCH-101 has been outfitted with Northrop Grumman's AQS-24A airborne mine-hunting system and AN/AES-1 Airborne Laser Mine Detection System (ALMDS) for a complete surface-to-bottom mine detection capability, as well as Mk-104 acoustic mine sweeping gear. |
16593309 | Kawasaki Aerospace Company | 22 | 9 | In the commercial aviation business, KHI has been involved in the joint international development and production of multiple large passenger aircraft. It is involved in joint development and production of the Boeing 767 and Boeing 777 with The Boeing Company, and the 170, 175, 190 and 195 jets with Empresa Brasileira de Aeronáutica (Embraer). The company is also involved in the joint international development and production of turbofan engines for passenger aircraft such as the V2500, the RB211/Trent, the PW4000 and the CF34. |
16593309 | Kawasaki Aerospace Company | 22 | 9 | Kawasaki also works for the Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA). It was responsible for the development and production of the payload fairings, payload attach fittings (PAF) and the construction of the launch complex for the H-II rocket. KHI continues to provide services for the H-IIA rocket. |
16495705 | Commander Safeguard | 22 | 0 | Commander Safeguard is Pakistan's first animated superhero Series produced by the Pakistani advertising agency IAL Saatchi & Saatchi and animated by Post Amazers. The character is popular in Pakistan and in Mexico, where it is known as Capitan Escudo. The superhero is depicted as a representation of Safeguard (soap) who fights and defeats the germs who are led by a character called "Dirtoo"(Leader Of Germs). The cartoon was originally broadcast Pakistan's National Language in Urdu. It is one of the most popular children's animated television series in Pakistan. |
16495705 | Commander Safeguard | 22 | 0 | Commander Safeguard's Mission: Clean Sweep, commonly known as "Commander Safeguard", is the first Pakistani "3D Animated Series". It is sponsored by Procter & Gamble Pakistan, |
16495705 | Commander Safeguard | 22 | 0 | The show was produced and animated by Post Amazers to promote hand washing habits among children. The animated series was created to augment the educational material on health and hygiene. |
16495705 | Commander Safeguard | 22 | 0 | To date, 12 episodes (excluding two independence day special episodes) varying in length from 15 to 20 minutes have been aired on many Pakistani TV channels. Episode 7, "" was the longest episode ever which was 24 mins long, and divided into 2 parts. This episode marked Germander's debut appearance. |
16495705 | Commander Safeguard | 22 | 0 | It is one of the most popular local TV shows for children in Pakistan. Episode 12, known as , has the same name as 2010 10th Episode. Episode 12 is the shortest among all the episodes with only 13 minutes. |
16495705 | Commander Safeguard | 22 | 0 | In July 2016, a short movie called '', was broadcast. It was the first short movie to be produced by Second Sense instead of Post Amazers. It ran for 15 minutes and featured Dirtoo trying to sicken children by adding germs to the food of children who did not wash their hands with soap. However Commander Safeguard defeated him. |
16495705 | Commander Safeguard | 22 | 0 | In 2005, it was adopted in the Philippines as Captain Hugas and broadcasts in English-Filipino bilingualism. |
16495705 | Commander Safeguard | 22 | 0 | In 2007, it was adopted in Mexico as Capitan Escudo. |
16495705 | Commander Safeguard | 22 | 0 | On April 18, 2012, it was adopted in Africa (mostly Kenya) as the Africa's Local Super Hero - Commander Safeguard. |
16623557 | Airship hangar | 22 | 7 | Airship hangars (also known as airship sheds) are large specialized buildings that are used for sheltering airships during construction, maintenance and storage. Rigid airships always needed to be based in airship hangars because weathering was a serious risk. |
16623557 | Airship hangar | 22 | 7 | The first real airship hangar was built as Hangar “Y” at Chalais-Meudon near Paris in 1879 where the engineers Charles Renard and Arthur Constantin Krebs constructed their first airship “La France”. |
16623557 | Airship hangar | 22 | 7 | Hangar “Y” is one of the few remaining airship hangars in Europe. |
16623557 | Airship hangar | 22 | 7 | The construction of the first operational rigid airship LZ1 by Count Ferdinand von Zeppelin started in 1899 in a floating hangar on Lake Constance at Manzell today part of Friedrichshafen. The floating hangar turned into the direction of the wind on its own and so it was easier to move the airship into the hangar exactly against the wind. |
16623557 | Airship hangar | 22 | 7 | For the same reason later rotating hangars were built at Biesdorf (today part of Berlin) and at the Nordholz Airbase, to the south of Cuxhaven in Germany. |
16623557 | Airship hangar | 22 | 7 | Already before the First World War there were transportable tent constructions as hangars for smaller airships. They were quite common in the US at fairgrounds or exhibitions. The American Melvin Vaniman constructed big tent hangars in France particularly for the French army. |
16623557 | Airship hangar | 22 | 7 | With the construction of Zeppelin LZ1 the era of big rigid airships started in Germany and for this very big airship hangars were necessary. |
16623557 | Airship hangar | 22 | 7 | This development started at the Zeppelin plant in Friedrichshafen before the First World War, continued through the war with dozens of hangars for construction of big rigid airships and their operation all over Germany and the occupied territories. In the 1920s and 30s even bigger hangars for the new LZ 129 Hindenburg class airships were built at Friedrichshafen, Frankfurt and at Bartolomeu de Gusmão Airport, Santa Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, the only Zeppelin airship hangar of all those built which still exists |
16623557 | Airship hangar | 22 | 7 | Also in the UK there was a rigid airship program during the First World War. This required the big construction sheds in Barrow-in-Furness, Inchinnan, Barlow and Cardington, and the rigid airship war stations at Longside, East Fortune, Howden, Pulham (Norfolk) and Kingsnorth. |
16623557 | Airship hangar | 22 | 7 | Today, only the two hangars of the former Royal Airship Works, in Cardington, Bedfordshire remain, where the R101 was built. The No.1 Cardington hangar is original, but extended; the No.2 hangar was relocated to Cardington from Pulham in 1928. |
16623557 | Airship hangar | 22 | 7 | In 1924, the Imperial Airship Communications scheme planned to extend mail and passenger service to British India, so an 859-foot hangar was constructed at Karachi (now in Pakistan) in 1929. This was the intended destination of the R101. |
16623557 | Airship hangar | 22 | 7 | In France few big hangars had been built, because there was only one attempt to build a rigid airship. Nevertheless, at the end of the First World War an airship station for rigid airships was built in Cuers-Pierrefeu by adding the parts of smaller hangars to two big ones. |
16623557 | Airship hangar | 22 | 7 | At Paris-Orly Airport two concrete hangars were built between 1923 and 1926. Planned by the engineer Eugene Freyssinet, the 300 metre-long buildings were an important innovation according to the construction and aesthetic of the design. None of the big French hangars exist anymore, while a few smaller ones still are there. |
16623557 | Airship hangar | 22 | 7 | In the United States the Navy began producing non-rigid airships during World War I. The Wingfoot Lake Hangar in Suffield, Ohio was constructed in 1917 by the Goodyear Tire and Rubber Company for the production of non-rigid airships and training. Hangar No 1 at Lakehurst Naval Airship Station was built in 1921 to house the Navy's future rigid airships. Additional hangars, which housed the and , exist in Akron, Ohio (the Goodyear Airdock, 1929) and Sunnyvale, California (Hangar One, Moffett Federal Airfield, 1932). The ships were constructed in Akron. The Akron was based in Lakehurst while the Macon was based at Moffett Field. During World War II, seventeen large hangars were built to house US Navy blimps. Today, eight of these wooden hangars still exist: Moffett Field (2), Tustin, California (2), Tillamook, Oregon (1), Lakehurst, New Jersey (2), and Weeksville, North Carolina (1). |
16623557 | Airship hangar | 22 | 7 | After the Second World War worldwide only one big airship shed had been built: The one in Brand south of Berlin for the construction of the Cargolifter AG airship. With a length of 360m, a width of 210m and a height of 107m it is one of the largest structures in the world without interior support structures. After the bankruptcy of Cargolifter AG it was converted into the leisure center “Tropical Islands”. |
16623557 | Airship hangar | 22 | 7 | For the needs of the rather small blimps quite a number of mostly simple hangars exist around the world today. |
16625683 | RusLine | 22 | 13 | RusLine (, "Aviakompanija «RusLajn»") is a regional airline from Russia, which operates mostly domestic regional flights, as well as holiday charters. Its headquarters are located in the Omega Plaza (Омега Плаза) business centre in Moscow, Russia, with the city's Domodedovo International Airport serving as most important base for flight operations. |
16625683 | RusLine | 22 | 13 | The company was founded in 1999 as Aerotex Airlines and was originally based at Sheremetyevo International Airport. In March 2013, it was renamed to today's "RusLine", which coincided with a move to Vnukovo International Airport shortly after. |
16625683 | RusLine | 22 | 13 | On 1 April 2010, RusLine acquired the assets and brand name of bankrupt Air Volga. This included six Bombardier CRJ200 aircraft, and Air Volga's base at Volgograd International Airport. Subsequently, the Vnukovo operations were closed and moved to more modern Domodedovo International Airport, and the "Air Volga" livery was applied to a number of RusLine's aircraft. In certain cases, the "Air Volga" titles were also kept. Further aircraft bases were set up at Pulkovo Airport, Saint Petersburg and Koltsovo Airport, Yekaterinburg. |
16625683 | RusLine | 22 | 13 | , RusLine operates scheduled flights to the following destinations. |
16625683 | RusLine | 22 | 13 | Originally, the airline operated several ageing Soviet-built aircraft. The first Western airliner, a 50-seat Bombardier CRJ100, was introduced with RusLine in February 2008. Over the following years, further planes of that type (all of which had been acquired second-hand) were added. In April 2012, RusLine took delivery of two larger Airbus A319 aircraft formerly owned by easyJet in order to address the growing demand for charter flights. The airline contains 20 CRJ-200 aircraft with 5 on order from UTAir with delivery from 2016. |
16625683 | RusLine | 22 | 13 | , the RusLine fleet consists of the following aircraft: |
16625683 | RusLine | 22 | 13 | Over the years, the following aircraft types were operated: |
16628621 | Golden Urn | 22 | 8 | The Golden Urn refers to a method introduced by the Qing dynasty of China in the late-18th century to select rinpoches, lamas and other high offices within Tibetan Buddhism. It was institutionalized in the 29-Article Ordinance for the More Effective Governing of Tibet. The Qianlong Emperor also published the article The Discourse of Lama in 1792 to explain the history of lamas and the reincarnation system, while also explaining why he thought it would be a fair system of choosing them, as opposed to choosing the Lama based on the advice of only a few. |
16628621 | Golden Urn | 22 | 8 | In 1935, the Ordinance of Lama Temple Management () was published by the Central Government of China. |
16628621 | Golden Urn | 22 | 8 | Based on the Ordinance of Lama Temple Management (), in 1936, the Golden Urn system was also institutionalized in the Method of Reincarnation of Lamas () by the Mongolian and Tibetan Affairs Commission of the Central Government. |
16628621 | Golden Urn | 22 | 8 | In 2007, the Golden Urn became institutionalized in the State Religious Affairs Bureau Order No. 5 of the Central Government, Article 8 states that approval is required for request to exempt lot-drawing process using Golden Urn. |
16628621 | Golden Urn | 22 | 8 | In 1877, request to exempt the 13th Dalai Lama from using lot-drawing process was approved by the Central Government. On February 5th 1940, request to exempt Lhamo Thondup from lot-drawing process to become the 14th Dalai Lama was approved by the Central Government. |
16628621 | Golden Urn | 22 | 8 | The Golden Urn originated in a decree issued by the Qianlong Emperor in 1792, after the Qing victory in the Second Invasion of the Sino-Nepalese War. Article One of the decree, the 29-Article Ordinance for the More Effective Governing of Tibet, was designed to be used in the selection of rinpoches, lamas and other high offices within Tibetan Buddhism, including the Dalai Lamas, Panchen Lamas and Mongolian lamas. In Qianlong Emperor's article The Discourse of Lama () which was published also in 1792, he explained the history of lamas and the reincarnation system, he inferred that the reincarnation system is only man-made, and creating rules is only to facilitate those monks, and to eliminate drawbacks associated with the man-made reincarnation Mike Dash argued that the Urn's real purpose was to allow the Qing Emperors of China to control the selection process. |
16628621 | Golden Urn | 22 | 8 | Two Golden Urns were issued by the Qianlong Emperor: one is enshrined in Jokhang Temple in Lhasa and is to be used for choosing Dalai and Panchen Lama reincarnations; the other is in Yonghe Temple in Beijing for choosing Mongolian Lama, known as Jebtsundamba Khutughtu, reincarnations. |
16628621 | Golden Urn | 22 | 8 | The specific ritual to be followed when using the Golden Urn was written by the 8th Dalai Lama, Jamphel Gyatso. The names and dates of birth of each candidate were to be written in the Manchu, Han, and Tibetan languages on metal or ivory slips and placed in the golden urn. After prayers before the statue of the Jowo in the Jokhang temple in Lhasa, a slip was drawn. The 7th Panchen Lama, Palden Tenpai Nyima, used the Golden Urn for the first time in 1822 to choose the 10th Dalai Lama, Tsultrim Gyatso. |
16628621 | Golden Urn | 22 | 8 | According to the 14th and current Dalai Lama, Tenzin Gyatso, the urn was used in three Dalai Lama selections, those of the 10th, 11th, and 12th, and two Panchen Lama selections, the 8th and 9th. However, also according to the 14th Dalai Lama, only the 11th Dalai Lama was actually selected with this method, as the 10th and 12th Dalai Lamas had already been identified, and use of the Golden Urn in their cases was ceremonial to humor the Qing. The 9th Dalai Lama, though recognized and enthroned after the decree was issued, was not chosen using the Golden Urn. |
16628621 | Golden Urn | 22 | 8 | On January 26, 1940, the Regent Reting Rinpoche requested the Central Government to exempt Tenzin Gyatso from lot-drawing process using Golden Urn to become the 14th Dalai Lama. The request was approved by the Central Government. |
16628621 | Golden Urn | 22 | 8 | In 2018, historian Max Oidtmann compiled various sources and concluded that between 1793 and 1825 the Golden Urn was used for roughly half the major reincarnation searches in Tibet and Mongolia, and overall it was used 79 times for 52 different major lineages. |
16628621 | Golden Urn | 22 | 8 | In November 1995 the Golden Urn was controversially used to name Qoigyijabu (Gyancain Norbu) as the 11th Panchen Lama. This action was approved by the Chinese government, but opposed by the Government of Tibet in Exile. In May of the same year, the 14th Dalai Lama had already named Gedhun Choekyi Nyima as the 11th Panchen Lama. |
16628621 | Golden Urn | 22 | 8 | In 2007, an order from the State Administration for Religious Affairs, the People's Republic of China's agency charged with keeping religion under state control, titled the State Religious Affairs Bureau Order No. 5 was issued regarding reincarnations in China. This order states that any tulkus (reincarnated teachers), which include the Dalai and Panchen Lamas, who plan to be claimed to be reincarnations of tulkus must get government approval. |
16632623 | World in Conflict: Soviet Assault | 22 | 5 | World in Conflict: Soviet Assault is a 2009 expansion pack developed by Massive Entertainment and Swordfish Studios for the 2007 real-time tactics video game "World in Conflict". It features the ability to play as the Soviet Union in the single player campaign, against which the player fought in the original "World in Conflict" as well as adding additional multiplayer maps. |
16632623 | World in Conflict: Soviet Assault | 22 | 5 | The game is set in an alternate 1989 in which the Politburo of the Soviet Union elects to take military action to sustain itself, rather than collapse. Failing to achieve aid diplomatically, the Soviet Union invades Western Europe and the Pacific Northwest region of the United States. However, in addition to the standard US campaign, the player also assumes the role of Romanov, a lieutenant in the Soviet Army under the command of Colonel Vladimir Orlovsky. Orlovsky also commands two other subordinates in his battalion; his nephew Captain Nikolai Malashenko and old friend Major Valeriy Lebedjev, a KGB officer attached to the battalion. The expansion adds a total of six Soviet missions interspersed between the original game's missions, thus completing the story and acting as an update for the campaign while retaining the original game's units and features. |
16632623 | World in Conflict: Soviet Assault | 22 | 5 | The World In Conflict Complete Edition and stand alone Soviet Assault Expansion Pack were released in the United States on March 10, 2009, and later on in Europe and Australia on March 12, 2009. |
16632623 | World in Conflict: Soviet Assault | 22 | 5 | "World in Conflict: Soviet Assault" offers multiplayer functionality, supporting up to 16 players online or over LAN. The official Massgate servers were shut down by Ubisoft in December 2015. However, in 2017, the player community restored online multiplayer functionality through an unaffiliated version of Massgate. |
16632623 | World in Conflict: Soviet Assault | 22 | 5 | The new expansion features 6 new single player missions and 2 new multiplayer maps. It features new missions in the single player campaign and will integrate these new missions with the current US campaign, meaning the two will be interwoven with one another. The Console versions were to feature voice commands that would allow units to be ordered and deployed onto the battlefield through a headset. However this feature was never implemented for the PC version. The 2 multiplayer maps are available free of charge for owners of the original "World in Conflict". |
16632623 | World in Conflict: Soviet Assault | 22 | 5 | Soviet Assault brings a new Soviet campaign that is entwined with the original "World in Conflict" campaign, tying up the loose ends in the original campaign. |
16632623 | World in Conflict: Soviet Assault | 22 | 5 | In 1988, on the verge of total economic collapse, the Soviet Union demands immediate aid from the West. Tensions begin to rise by the next year as negotiations drag on with no discernible end in sight - the Soviets threatening conflict should NATO refuse to comply, who in turn do not believe the Soviet's threat of war as nothing above an elaborate ruse. By the summer of 1989, negotiations fully break down. |
16632623 | World in Conflict: Soviet Assault | 22 | 5 | In East Berlin, Soviet forces rally under the command of Colonel Orlovsky for what will ultimately be, the first shots of World War III—the invasion and occupation of West Germany. Prior to this, Lieutenant Romanov, the player's character for the Soviet campaign is tasked with leading a team of Spetsnaz commandos into West Berlin to rig explosives on several surface to air missile batteries situated near the Berlin Wall. By early morning, the explosives are detonated followed immediately by the Soviet advance into West Berlin who then proceed to crush the US forces stationed there, achieving the first victory of World War III. |
16632623 | World in Conflict: Soviet Assault | 22 | 5 | Four months later, the Soviet Union launches its surprise invasion of the Northwestern United States, subsequently occupying Seattle, Washington and its surrounding areas. Colonel Orlovsky returns to command the Soviet expeditionary forces in America, along with his nephew Captain Malashenko, a zealous supporter of the Soviet ideology, and Major Lebedjev, the KGB attache. Romanov is also assigned to the American theatre, and in the first few missions is assigned to the pacification of the surrounding American countryside. |
16632623 | World in Conflict: Soviet Assault | 22 | 5 | Malashenko adamantly believes that the Soviet invasion of America is being welcomed as liberation. However, the Soviet presence in the United States is, unsurprisingly met with hostility by the civilian population, who form militia groups to assist the National Guard. Malashenko eventually loses his patience with the American proletariat, even going as far as to suggest mass executions by firing squad in order to set an example to the Americans. Orlovsky however, realising that this will only make matters worse for their situation, forbids any firing squads. Despite this, Malashenko intends on proving it will work, but is caught moments before executing several civilians near Eatonville during a counter-insurgency operation. Orlovsky, furious that his nephew would disobey a direct order, warns him that should he step out of line again, he will be court-martialed and sent home in shame. |
16632623 | World in Conflict: Soviet Assault | 22 | 5 | Prior to the invasion of Seattle, and following the initial Soviet invasion of West Germany, the war is still contained to mainland Europe, which has become somewhat of a stalemate. Very little progress is made on either side of the conflict, prompting the Soviet Union to send Orlovsky to Norway, where he and his Battalion raid an early-warning radar base that will allow the Soviet Air Force to fly bombing missions deep over France and the United Kingdom. The mission is a success, but news soon reaches Orlovsky that NATO troops have entered Soviet territory, near the submarine base at Murmansk. Returning home, Orlovsky and his battalion are tasked with defending a POW camp from a NATO raid. Before the battle though, Malashenko is informed that his wife and infant child have both been killed in a NATO operation ("a possible reference to Captain Bannon's actions in the first game)". Orlovsky tries to console his nephew, however Malashenko furiously berates the lack of significant progress being made in the war, and the constant lies that the GRU and KGB feed to both the Army and government respectively. |
16632623 | World in Conflict: Soviet Assault | 22 | 5 | In the wake of the disastrous outcome of Cascade Falls, where the US military had detonated a tactical nuclear device over the town to protect Fort Teller (the headquarters for the supposed Strategic Defence Initiative), Orlovsky leads a weary, battered and nearly totally depleted battalion back to Seattle, to prepare for the inevitable American counterattack. The area in which the battalion must pass through however is crawling with US troops, who use MLRS artillery to harass the retreating Soviets. Romanov is tasked with searching for and destroying the positions, but midway through the mission, Orlovsky finally realises it's futility, and makes arrangements for the battalion to return home. Malashenko, furious at his uncle's actions, shoots and kills him, taking his company to Seattle whilst Major Lebedjev assumes command, who proceeds to evacuate the rest of the battalion back to Russia per Orlovsky's wish. |
16632623 | World in Conflict: Soviet Assault | 22 | 5 | The expansion was delivered through two methods: online download and retail. There are two retail versions, with one consisting of the expansion only, with another, called "World in Conflict: Complete Edition", containing the original game and the Soviet Assault expansion. The online download only contains the Soviet Assault expansion and is designed for players who already have the original game. |
16632623 | World in Conflict: Soviet Assault | 22 | 5 | All the multiplayer content released for Soviet Assault (new maps) is available free of charge to the World in Conflict community via Massgate. However the new single-player missions must be purchased for the user to access the content. |
16632623 | World in Conflict: Soviet Assault | 22 | 5 | "Soviet Assault" was going to be released in Q4 2008 by Vivendi Games for the Xbox 360 and PlayStation 3 as a stand-alone game, and for Windows-based PCs as an expansion pack. However, the console versions were cancelled. |
16632623 | World in Conflict: Soviet Assault | 22 | 5 | On July 10, 2008, Activision merged with Vivendi Games, forming Activision Blizzard. On July 29, 2008, Activision dropped several planned Vivendi Games titles from their productions, one of which was "World in Conflict: Soviet Assault", putting the game's future in question. |
16632623 | World in Conflict: Soviet Assault | 22 | 5 | On August 6, 2008, Activision put Massive Entertainment up for sale. On November 11, Massive was acquired by Ubisoft. |
16414978 | Röyksopp discography | 22 | 2 | Norwegian electronic music duo Röyksopp have released five studio albums, two mix albums, two extended plays, 27 singles, one promotional single and 18 music videos. |
16416772 | Bora Kostić | 22 | 19 | Borivoje "Bora" Kostić (, ; 14 June 1930 – 10 January 2011) was a Serbian footballer. Normally a prolific left winger, Kostić is regarded as one of finest Yugoslav players of his generation and was well known for powerful shot and free kick ability. |
16416772 | Bora Kostić | 22 | 19 | During his club career he played for Red Star Belgrade, Lanerossi Vicenza and St. Louis Stars. He earned 33 caps and 26 goals for the Yugoslavia national football team, and participated in the 1960 European Nations' Cup. Kostić was no less prolific at the club level with Red Star Belgrade, for whom he remains to this day the all-time leading marksman with 158 league strikes. |
16602031 | Muff (handwarmer) | 22 | 23 | A muff is a fashion accessory for outdoors usually made of a cylinder of fur or fabric with both ends open for keeping the hands warm. It was introduced to women's fashion in the 16th century and was popular with both men and women in the 17th and 18th centuries. By the early 20th century, muffs were used in England only by women. It is also reported that the fashion largely fell out of style in the 19th century. |
16602031 | Muff (handwarmer) | 22 | 23 | It briefly returned in the mid 1940s, |
16602031 | Muff (handwarmer) | 22 | 23 | and was also developed as a motorcycle accessory for attachment as rider-protection and comfort during the cooler months. |
16602031 | Muff (handwarmer) | 22 | 23 | In Roman times, the place of the glove was taken by long sleeves ("manicae") reaching to the hand, and in winter special sleeves of fur were worn. In Medieval Latin we find the word "muffulae", defined by Du Cange as "chirothecae pellitae et hibernae" ("leather winter gloves"). He quotes from a cartulary of the year 817, of the issuing to monks of sheepskin coverings to be used during the winter. These may have been, as the Roman certainly were, separate coverings for each hand, although the cartulary cited also distinguishes the glove for summer from the muffulae for winter wear. The Old French "moufle" meant a thick glove or mitten, and from this the Dutch "mof", Walloon "mouffe", and thence English "muff", are probably derived. |
16602031 | Muff (handwarmer) | 22 | 23 | Handlebar muffs are a utility product for motorcycles and scooters to provide increased comfort in adverse weather conditions, to protect the rider from rain and wind chill. With UK commercial-availability in the early 1960s, they are still available in three variations from a UK merchandiser of motorcycle accessories, including dedicated-types for small motorscooters. |
16602031 | Muff (handwarmer) | 22 | 23 | Traditionally made from waterproof faux leather and lined for insulation, more-modern, textile-based materials are also used. |
16602031 | Muff (handwarmer) | 22 | 23 | When reviewing clothing and riding accessories in a 1966 feature entitled "Tough Weather Gear" for the weekly journal "Motor Cycle", regular journalist John Ebbrell described the muffs as:Ugly as sin they may be—but there's nothing more cosier to the fingertips than a pair of handlebar muffs...Material is waterproof plasticized fabric, lined. Fitted in a jiffy, the muffs are sold through Pride and Clarke's and cost 17s 6d. |
16602031 | Muff (handwarmer) | 22 | 23 | Writing at his website in December 2010, American motorcycle design innovator Craig Vetter claimed to have "created and developed" from 1971 what he called "Hippo Hands", later sold to the public from 1973 by the Vetter organisation. These were very similar to a product that was easily available to UK motorcyclists from retail shops/mail order outlets from 1957, with the description "handlebar muffs". |
16605557 | Derek Roddy | 22 | 9 | Derek Roddy (born August 28, 1972) is an American drummer and snake breeder, originally from Deerfield Beach, Florida. His ability to record entire drum tracks in one or two takes earned him the nickname "One Take". |
16605557 | Derek Roddy | 22 | 9 | Derek has gained a reputation worldwide as an extreme metal drummer. Though he may be known as the second drummer of Hate Eternal, he has also played and recorded with Nile, Malevolent Creation, Divine Empire, Council of the Fallen (where he also played guitar), Today Is the Day, Traumedy and Aurora Borealis. |
16605557 | Derek Roddy | 22 | 9 | On March 28, 2006, Roddy announced his departure from Hate Eternal. In February 2006, Roddy was briefly named as the drummer for Blotted Science, but was unable to record due to conflicting schedules. Lamb of God drummer Chris Adler had also been considered for the project. |
16605557 | Derek Roddy | 22 | 9 | Around 2007, Roddy started an instrumental band called Serpents Rise, which almost immediately grabbed the attention of drummers around the world. Serpents Rise is often referred to by fans as having an obscure sound for their bizarre guitar parts and incorporation of various percussion instruments. In 2010 Roddy was one out of seven drummers who auditioned to replace Mike Portnoy as the drummer for Dream Theater. |
16605557 | Derek Roddy | 22 | 9 | Since his departure from Hate Eternal in 2006, Roddy has become a featured drum clinician for several companies, including Meinl Cymbals, Vater Percussion, and Sonor Drums (later DW). He's performed at the Singapore Drum Festival, NAMM Show, Meinl Drum Festival, DrummerLive, PASIC, and at the 2008 Modern Drummer festival–a performance which has since been released in the DVD format through Hudson Music. |
16605557 | Derek Roddy | 22 | 9 | Derek is a full endorser of DW drums and hardware, Meinl cymbals, Remo drumheads, Vater drumsticks, and Axis pedals. Derek was a former endorser of Sonor drums prior to his switch to DW. Before signing on with Meinl, Derek also used Paiste and then Sabian cymbals. He also used Aquarian drumheads in the past. |
16763733 | Let's Dance (Chris Montez song) | 22 | 0 | "Let's Dance" is a 1962 hit-single by Chris Montez, written and produced by Jim Lee. |
16763733 | Let's Dance (Chris Montez song) | 22 | 0 | The personnel on the original recording included Joel Hill on guitar, Ray Johnson on Philicorda organ, Ray Pohlman on bass guitar and Jesse Sailes on drums. When initially released, the song shot to #4 on the "Billboard" Hot 100 chart in the U.S., and to No. 2 in the UK Singles Chart. |
16763733 | Let's Dance (Chris Montez song) | 22 | 0 | In 1972 the song was coupled as an "oldie" with the Shirelles "Will You Love Me Tomorrow" and re-released in Europe. Based on radio play, the record company, London Records, quickly removed the Shirelles cut and replaced it with the original flip side "You're the One". Consequently, the recording reached the top five for a second time, in both Britain and Germany. It was also the title track of a 1972 album by Montez. |
16763733 | Let's Dance (Chris Montez song) | 22 | 0 | "Let's Dance" was covered by British rock band Slade in 1985 for their studio/compilation album "Crackers – The Christmas Party Album". The version was produced by bassist Jim Lea. In 1988, the band released their version as a single, dubbed the "1988 Remix". It failed to chart in the UK. |
16763733 | Let's Dance (Chris Montez song) | 22 | 0 | Having reverted to their own independent label Cheapskate in 1987, Slade were largely inactive in 1988, having agreed to take an 18-month break. However, in November 1988, the band decided to release their 1985 cover of "Let's Dance" as a single, but it failed to gain sufficient radio airplay and did not reach the charts. |
16763733 | Let's Dance (Chris Montez song) | 22 | 0 | "Let's Dance" had been recorded for "Crackers". In a 1989 interview with "Guitarist", guitarist Dave Hill recalled: "We just did a rock version of it for a laugh, and thought we'd stick it out." Speaking of the band's decision to release it as a single, Holder said in a 1989 fan club interview: "We thought it was a good track. We decided that "Let's Dance" stood a good chance of getting some airplay so we decided to put the record out, but it wasn't the case. Only the commercial stations like Piccadilly and some of the others played it regularly, but without Radio One, you're sunk." |
16763733 | Let's Dance (Chris Montez song) | 22 | 0 | "Let's Dance" was released on 7" vinyl and 3" CD by Cheapskate Records in the UK only. The 7" vinyl included the B-side "Standing on the Corner", which was an album track taken from the band's 1974 album "Slade in Flame". For the CD version, two extra tracks were added; "Far Far Away" and "How Does It Feel". Both were also taken from "Slade in Flame". |