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In some cases, binding of the ligand causes dimerization of the receptor, which means that two receptors bind to each other to form a stable complex called a dimer. | dimerization |
Say that the market for replacing broken automobile windshields in a certain city has 18 firms with the market shares shown in, where the market share is each firm ’s proportion of total sales in that market. | the market share |
A recent example of the military use of force was the U.S. role in enforcing a no - fly zone over Libya in 2011, which included kinetic strikes — or active engagement of the enemy — to protect anti - government forces on the ground. | kinetic strikes |
The revocation of voting rights, or disenfranchisement, took a number of forms ; not every southern state used the same methods, and some states used more than one, but they all disproportionately affected black voter registration and turnout. | disenfranchisement |
To symbolically communicate social standing, people often engage in conspicuous consumption, which is the purchase and use of certain products to make a social statement about status. | conspicuous consumption |
When we do this, we are relying on a number of monocular cues, or cues that require only one eye. | monocular cues |
Sugars produced in sources, such as leaves, need to be delivered to growing parts of the plant via the phloem in a process called translocation. | translocation |
The clitoris is a structure with erectile tissue that contains a large number of sensory nerves and serves as a source of stimulation during intercourse. | The clitoris |
A frontal plane( also called a coronal plane) separates the front from the back. | A frontal plane a coronal plane |
In the final analysis, same - sex marriage is a protected constitutional right as decided by the U.S. Supreme Court, which took up the issue again when it heard Obergefell v. Hodges in 2015. | Obergefell v. Hodges |
Declarative memory has to do with the storage of facts and events we personally experienced. | Declarative memory |
For ideal banking, the net external force equals the horizontal centripetal force in the absence of friction. | the net external force |
Therapists also practice what Rogers called unconditional positive regard, which involves not judging clients and simply accepting them for who they are. | unconditional positive regard |
The nucleus( plural = nuclei) houses the cell ’s DNA and directs the synthesis of ribosomes and proteins. | The nucleus |
This capillary network is a part of the hypophyseal portal system that carries substances from the hypothalamus to the anterior pituitary and hormones from the anterior pituitary into the circulatory system. | the hypophyseal portal system |
To include unmarried, cohabitating, and same - sex couples, family sociologists have created the term intimate partner violence( IPV). | intimate partner violence IPV |
False consciousness is a condition in which the beliefs, ideals, or ideology of a person are not in the person ’s own best interest. | False consciousness |
These gaps are called nodes of Ranvier and are sites where the signal is “ recharged ” as it travels along the axon. | nodes of Ranvier |
A thrust is a reaction force that pushes a body forward in response to a backward force. | A thrust |
The greenhouse effect is a natural phenomenon responsible for providing temperatures suitable for life on Earth. | The greenhouse effect |
Another approach is to require a cosigner on a loan ; that is, another person or firm who legally pledges to repay some or all of the money if the original borrower does not do so. | a cosigner |
In mammals, the egg is protected by a layer of extracellular matrix consisting mainly of glycoproteins called the zona pellucida. | the zona pellucida |
Religious beliefs are specific ideas members of a particular faith hold to be true, such as that Jesus Christ was the son of God, or that reincarnation exists. | Religious beliefs |
Simple interest is an interest rate calculation only on the principal amount. | Simple interest |
A change in shape due to the application of a force is a deformation. | a deformation |
Social psychology focuses on how we interact with and relate to others. | Social psychology |
Implicit memories are memories that are not part of our consciousness. | Implicit memories |
A theory is a simplified representation of how two or more variables interact with each other. | A theory |
At around 100 km above the surface of Earth we have a layer of charged particles, called the ionosphere. | the ionosphere |
Projectile motion is the motion of an object thrown or projected into the air, subject to only the acceleration of gravity. | Projectile motion |
It is a part of the brain, extending down from the hypothalamus, and contains mostly nerve fibers and neuroglial cells, which support axons that extend from the hypothalamus to the posterior pituitary. | It |
In sudden infant death syndrome( SIDS) an infant stops breathing during sleep and dies. | sudden infant death syndrome SIDS |
The intertidal zone, which is the zone between high and low tide, is the oceanic region that is closest to land. | The intertidal zone |
Beliefs are the tenets or convictions that people hold to be true. | Beliefs |
Hostile aggression is motivated by feelings of anger with intent to cause pain ; a fight in a bar with a stranger is an example of hostile aggression. | Hostile aggression |
A self - fulfilling prophecy is an expectation held by a person that alters his or her behavior in a way that tends to make it true. | A self - fulfilling prophecy |
Most traits are polygenic : controlled by more than one gene. | polygenic |
The theory also connects this change of a population over time, called microevolution, with the processes that gave rise to new species and higher taxonomic groups with widely divergent characters, called macroevolution. | microevolution macroevolution |
Children in this stage can not perform mental operations because they have not developed an understanding of conservation, which is the idea that even if you change the appearance of something, it is still equal in size as long as nothing has been removed or added. | conservation |
Such a device is called a heat engine. | a heat engine |
A product whose demand rises when income rises, and vice versa, is called a normal good. | a normal good |
When two lineages stem from the same branch point, they are called sister taxa. | sister taxa |
A sagittal plane divides the body into right and left portions. | A sagittal plane |
The law of continuity suggests that we are more likely to perceive continuous, smooth flowing lines rather than jagged, broken lines. | The law of continuity |
The A horizon consists of a mixture of organic material with inorganic products of weathering, and it is therefore the beginning of true mineral soil. | The A horizon |
Upon implantation, this multi - cellular organism is called an embryo. | an embryo |
The correspondence principle states that in the classical limit( large, slow - moving objects), quantum mechanics becomes the same as classical physics. | The correspondence principle |
suicidal ideation : thoughts of death( not just fear of dying), thinking about or planning suicide, or making an actual suicide attempt. | suicidal ideation |
Agencies formed by the federal government to administer a quasi - business enterprise are called government corporations. | government corporations |
For example, Ecuador, El Salvador, and Panama have decided to dollarize — that is, to use the U.S. dollar as their currency. | dollarize |
This is known as effortful processing. | effortful processing |
The ulna is located on the medial aspect( pinky - finger side) of the forearm. | The ulna |
The development of complex language by humans has made cognitive learning, the manipulation of information using the mind, the most prominent method of human learning. | cognitive learning |
In contrast to ADH, which promotes the reabsorption of water to maintain proper water balance, aldosterone maintains proper water balance by enhancing Na+ reabsorption and K+ secretion from extracellular fluid of the cells in kidney tubules. | aldosterone |
The preeminent example was the Erie Canal, which linked the Hudson River, and thus New York City and the Atlantic seaboard, to the Great Lakes and the Mississippi River Valley. | the Erie Canal ( [ link ] ) |
The iron triangle is a hypothetical arrangement among three elements( the corners of the triangle) : an interest group, a congressional committee member or chair, and an agency within the bureaucracy. | The iron triangle |
Most photographs of cells are taken with a microscope, and these images can also be called micrographs. The optics of a microscope ’s lenses change the orientation of the image that the user sees. | micrographs |
In addition to biological motives, motivations can be intrinsic( arising from internal factors) or extrinsic( arising from external factors). | intrinsic extrinsic |
The nucleus of the neuron is located in the soma, or cell body. | the soma |
Cytokinesis, or “ cell motion, ” is the second main stage of the mitotic phase during which cell division is completed via the physical separation of the cytoplasmic components into two daughter cells. | Cytokinesis cell motion |
An individual with body dysmorphic disorder is preoccupied with a perceived flaw in her physical appearance that is either nonexistent or barely noticeable to other people( APA, 2013). | body dysmorphic disorder |
These measures of foreign policy are more quickly enacted and demonstrate the “ energy and dispatch ” that Alexander Hamilton, writing in the Federalist Papers, saw as inherent in the institution of the presidency. | “ energy and dispatch ” |
Typically the market goes through phases of surplus, or excess, inflation, where the money in your pocket today buys less than it did yesterday, and recession, which occurs when there are two or more consecutive quarters of economic decline. | surplus inflation recession |
Average velocity is displacement( change in position) divided by the time of travel, | Average velocity |
These observations lead to the following definition of heat : Heat is the spontaneous transfer of energy due to a temperature difference. | Heat |
The minimum amount necessary for self - sustained fission of a given nuclide is called its critical mass. | critical mass |
Average speed is the distance traveled divided by elapsed time. | Average speed |
These nucleotide triplets are called codons. | codons |
Citizens United overturned the soft money ban of the Bipartisan Campaign Reform Act and allowed corporations and unions to spend unlimited amounts of money on elections. | Citizens United |
Dominant traits are those that are inherited unchanged in a hybridization. | Dominant traits |
Oliver Cromwell headed the new English Commonwealth, and the period known as the English interregnum, or the time between kings, began. | the English interregnum |
A microbial mat is a multi - layered sheet of prokaryotes that includes mostly bacteria, but also archaea. | A microbial mat |
The Taliban refused to turn bin Laden over, and the United States began a bombing campaign in October, allying with the Afghan Northern Alliance, a coalition of tribal leaders opposed to the Taliban. | the Afghan Northern Alliance |
Exports are the goods and services that are produced domestically and sold abroad. | Exports |
This phenomenon is called convergent evolution, where similar traits evolve independently in species that do not share a common ancestry. | convergent evolution |
Storage is the creation of a permanent record of information. | Storage |
The social benefits of an innovation take into account the value of all the positive externalities of the new idea or product, whether enjoyed by other companies or society as a whole, as well as the private benefits received by the firm that developed the new technology. | The social benefits of an innovation |
The amnion protects the embryo from mechanical shock and supports hydration. | The amnion |
The 5 ' cap, which is placed on the 5 ' end of the mRNA, is usually composed of a methylated guanosine triphosphate molecule( GTP). | The 5 ' cap |
An elastic collision is one that also conserves internal kinetic energy. | An elastic collision |
Retroactive interference happens when information learned more recently hinders the recall of older information. | Retroactive interference |
Spongy bone is made of tiny plates called trabeculae these plates serve as struts to give the spongy bone strength. | Spongy bone |
Executive Order 9066, signed by Roosevelt on February 19, 1942, gave the army power to remove people from “ military areas ” to prevent sabotage or espionage. | Executive Order 9066 |
To curtail widespread anticompetitive practices in the railroad industry, Congress passed the Interstate Commerce Act in 1887, which created the Interstate Commerce Commission. | the Interstate Commerce Act in 1887 |
Lazarus( 1991) developed the cognitive - mediational theory that asserts our emotions are determined by our appraisal of the stimulus. | the cognitive - mediational theory |
First, during plasmogamy( literally, “ marriage or union of cytoplasm ”), two haploid cells fuse, leading to a dikaryotic stage where two haploid nuclei coexist in a single cell. | plasmogamy a dikaryotic stage |
During prophase, the “ first phase, ” the nuclear envelope starts to dissociate into small vesicles, and the membranous organelles( such as the Golgi complex or Golgi apparatus, and endoplasmic reticulum), fragment and disperse toward the periphery of the cell. | prophase the “ first phase , ” |
An olfactory receptor, which is a dendrite of a specialized neuron, responds when it binds certain molecules inhaled from the environment by sending impulses directly to the olfactory bulb of the brain. | An olfactory receptor |
Meissner ’s corpuscles,( shown in) also known as tactile corpuscles, are found in the upper dermis, but they project into the epidermis. | Meissner ’s corpuscles tactile corpuscles |
Tolerance is linked to physiological dependence, and it occurs when a person requires more and more drug to achieve effects previously experienced at lower doses. | Tolerance |
This is called hybrid inviability because the hybrid organisms simply are not viable. | hybrid inviability |
Mendel ’s law of independent assortment states that genes do not influence each other with regard to the sorting of alleles into gametes, and every possible combination of alleles for every gene is equally likely to occur. | Mendel ’s law of independent assortment |
Glial cells provide scaffolding on which the nervous system is built, help neurons line up closely with each other to allow neuronal communication, provide insulation to neurons, transport nutrients and waste products, and mediate immune responses. | Glial cells |
Suggestibility describes the effects of misinformation from external sources that leads to the creation of false memories. | Suggestibility |
The fovea contains densely packed specialized photoreceptor cells. | The fovea |
Great or explicit powers, called enumerated powers, were granted to the federal government to declare war, impose taxes, coin and regulate currency, regulate foreign and interstate commerce, raise and maintain an army and a navy, maintain a post office, make treaties with foreign nations and with Native American tribes, and make laws regulating the naturalization of immigrants. | Great or explicit powers enumerated powers |
The blood then continues through the rest of the body before arriving back at the atrium ; this is called systemic circulation. | systemic circulation |
The margin of error is a number that states how far the poll results may be from the actual opinion of the total population of citizens. | The margin of error |
Layering is a method in which a stem attached to the plant is bent and covered with soil. | Layering |
Estrogens are a group of steroid hormones produced by the ovaries that trigger the development of secondary sex characteristics in females as well as control the maturation of the ova. | Estrogens |