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ucy8qt

askculinary_train

Mistook my love for cooking with the reality of working in a kitchen. thanks to **kamehamehahahahahaha** **for the title, haha. 22, nearly 23 year-old creative \[Artist/Producer by trade, baker by pleasure.\] In a bit of a rut, broke, having to pay rent, broke my laptop that I make music on months ago, so I decided to get a job. I love cooking, and love pastry even more. I develop my own recipes, work on my knife skills, do all the neat stuff self-taught. I'm sure there's still a lot of learning I have to do, but that's where the books come in. Regardless, I digress.** **My first line job was around Mid-March, and I recently left it after 2 months. I figured the kitchen was very dysfunctional, there was an ongoing culture issue between BOH and FOH, and just an all-round mess that attributed to stress. I figured part of it was initially just me adjusting to the pace of the job, but when the majority didn't subside and the job was just beating me down more and more without recovery time, I figured it wasn't sustainable and quit.** **I decided to pick up another kitchen job, this time at a boutique italian restaurant near me where they have summer nights outdoors with brick oven pizza, I would be the pizza guy. I applied not too long ago and my first day of "Training" was today. Before I even got there, I began to feel that same pit in my stomach I'd feel at the other job, but tried to fight it and remain optimistic. Right away, I was put on the line at cold pantry and told I'd be moved to pizza later in the night. Fine. Cool. Halfway through my shift, I approach my head chef asking about the pizza portion of training and he says "I'll keep you over there for now, it seems like you're getting the hang of it."** A bit later, I approached HC telling them that I had specifically applied for the pizza gig \[for a multitude of reasons\] and was told that "I figured I'd start you off here on the line until the summer when the event starts, just so you can get used to how things work around here." I thought about what he said and didn't necessarily have any problem with it \[other than the worry that I wouldn't have been told that had I not asked, and would've just been confused doing line work for a month until i'm suddenly on pizza out back\] and STILL don't, but the combination of experiences and my initial feelings/opinions on the simliarities between how things just seem to GENERALLY work in kitchens.... am I cut out for this work? Pace wise, hours wise, pay wise, all of it? What I get most out of cooking is the joy of cooking and sharing that with others. But it isn't my main ideal avenue/career path. Isn't that who cooking is for, the people who want to go FULL FORCE into the kitchen? Would I be better off learning techniques and skills on my own time while I find a less stressful way to make money and fueling my creative efforts? Are there pastry jobs that are lower maintenance/lower stress? Is ANY kitchen job worth it if i'm too dead in my off hours to even do any of the more fulfilling, similarly fruitful things I took these jobs damn near solely to fuel? ​ P.S. sorry this isn't particularly concise or interesting to read, just all up in my own head and looking for some insight.

i6dj2y5

i6dm1z0

Basically it sounds like you don’t want to work in a kitchen.

Sounds like you want to skip the learning part and go right to the top. You only worked your first job for 2 months before bailing to another place, and got miffed you weren't out learnin' the pizza biz after 4 hours of your first shift. You're boss did the same thing I would have done the first day. Give you something I thought you'd succeed at and see how you got along, while at the same time giving you a chance to get oriented and figure out how things operate. Books are great for learning, but workplace etiquette and learning how things swing always takes place on the floor-- kitchen floor, factory floor, doesn't matter. If you want to cook, be a great cook. The business is what it is, you'll only change it if you're the boss. If you want to do something else beside cooking, be great at that. You can always cook at home. But, all jobs come with some level of stress, hard times, and grunt work. I had a neighbor tell me that he wasn't worried about med school because he was going to be a DJ. He is neither, both required training and work. Good luck!

wneiko

askculinary_train

Anyone ever heard of this Italian dish? Degolini - Garlic, beans, breadcrumbs, tomatoes... My mother's family is Italian extraction but has lived in Pittsburgh for many generations. They make a dish they call "Degolini" that I can't find on Google anywhere. The recipe is below. Does anyone recognize the recipe, and could anyone give me the more common name for it? Any background on origin, region, history, etc would be great. Thanks in advance! P.S. It's delicious. ​ Hand full of Parsley 3 to 4 cloves of garlic Small onion Chop the above together until fine 2 tbs. Oil 1 pound of wide green beans (no strings) (pole beans) 1 handful of bread crumbs--about a quarter cup Salt and pepper to taste 3 tomatoes(cut in small pieces) best if peeled 1 tbs. Tomato paste Add first mixture to beans,tomatoes and bread crumbs. Add three ladles of water--not to cover, only to simmer. Stir frequently. Simmer until beans are tender. Add tomato paste.

ik4uqes

ik4tr6n

https://foodal.com/recipes/sides/italian-style-green-beans/ I just googled "italian green beans" and this recipe came up — pretty close to your recipe. I think /u/vishnej is right about the name.

This sounds fire imma make it next week

kv30di

askacademia_train

Struggling mentally with new academic position I (29M) feel as if I am one of the luckiest people on Earth to have the position I do. Top tier university with a very clear route into a full time academic position. I however have been struggling mentally since getting the post. I am half way through a two year post-doc position with the option to convert to lecturer at the end of my post with the caveat that I publish papers. This is the crux of my problem, the stress of publishing is really getting to me. I dont know how to push this process along any faster than it is. It feels like I'm really lost at sea. I keep panicing that I'm not cut out for this post -- not so much intellectually but rather just scoring the funding necessary to sustain myself. It really feels like I'm going to run into very serious problems when it turns out I haven't published enough throughout my PhD and post-doc to warrent my position and therefore "fail". I think its worth noting that I moved overseas for this post and now if I don't convert the job, I'll have to move back and face the reality of being a bit of a failure. Does anyone have any sage advice for a lonely post-doc. I dont know who to turn to....

gix0oe7

giwt2oz

I also struggled a lot with my mental health this first year in a new job especially under the publication expectations. What really helped me was using Wendy Belcher's book "Writing Your Journal Article in 12 Weeks." It breaks down the article revision process into microsteps that you can space out while also doing other research and teaching obligations. And there's also a chapter about how to draft an article in the first place if you don't have a draft you're working with. It has sections for both Quant and Humanities fields, so regardless of where you fall you might find it useful. Just knowing that when I wake up in the morning to go to my desk, I don't have to decide what I'm going to do to work toward publication, but instead just have to follow the next task in the sequence has taken a massive weight off my shoulders. I've also found that productivity software like "Trello" which is normally used for jobs in industry to break down tasks into steps is incredibly helpful as well for keeping track of grants and breaking the grant application process into smaller tasks with due dates.

What field are you in? STEM is so different than Arts is different from Fine Art is different from Engineering that the advice will be altered radically.

2fd4ip

askanthropology_train

What cultural factors drive some cultures to build cities and others to not?

ck8defw

ck86onb

I am all over this! I worked on a senior thesis on a very similar topic! Cities first developed during the neolithic period, which worked in the same basic pattern for every culture that experienced it. * After a food shortage due to exhausting local food resources (or the Ice Age for Northern Europe), farming settlements were built as a last-ditch attempt at carbohydrates. It wasn't culture that started city-building, but starvation. * Most settlements got to populations of 200 before splintering. The only factor that determined whether cities got beyond the 200 population limit was the strength of their societal / interpersonal bonds. The more complex the settlement's rituals, the higher the chance that the settlement would grow. My sources and other comments are here in a related thread.

Can you define what you mean by a cultural factor? /u/ClumsyCriminal has a great point about subsistence strategies, which I'd certainly consider a cultural factor.

dpuij5

changemyview_train

CMV: Lots of people say they support those with mental illnesses, but are really not tolerant of the way mental illnesses actually play out. First, as a disclaimer, I am not saying that all people do this but I have noticed that many do. What I mean by this statement is that there are a lot of people who say that they support and want to help those who have mental illnesses such as anxiety, depression, etc... but I think a lot of people are really not tolerant to the ways that they are played out in people who actually have the issues. For example, I have generalized anxiety as well as health anxiety and it is very cyclical for me. I will go through times where I am doing great and then one day it will randomly hit more or a thought will pop up in my head and I will spiral. After that, it's generally at least a week to a month that I will have a bout of anxiety. My anxious states are not the overt view of anxiety that I think a lot of individuals have. I don't have loud panic attacks where I hyperventilate and show that it is happening to me. My panic attacks generally feel more like my heart is slowing down and I will get very lightheaded and feel like I have to lie down. When I am just having generalized anxiety it will usually play itself out in things like; me wanting to be by myself, being more irritable, being quieter, being spacey or not being able to focus very well and almost having a disassociate type state. The issue here is that I think a lot of people are very willing to step up to the plate and be supportive when they are shown a very extreme or obvious example of mental health issues, but when people who deal with it on the day to day in less extreme but still ways that affect our lives it is often just brushed off as laziness, being unfriendly, antisocial or simply that it is not as big of a deal as it feels. I just wish that sometimes individuals would be a little more supportive of those with less intense disorders and issues because the issues are just as real to us. Yes I get more agitative in my anxious state but I do my best to keep it composed but if I don't want to hold a super long conversation with you it just might not be able to happen that day. And I find that even when you tell people things like, "oh, sorry I'm just feeling really anxious," or "oh, my anxiety is just really acting up today," they tend to just brush it off like "oh, sorry dude but that doesn't seem that bad." I understand that this is just largely because if you have never had these issues you truly can't understand what it feels like and I understand that. However, the majority of individuals with mental illness have them play out in these less extreme examples and having people constantly brush them off or not even trying to understand does not help the cause of mental health as a whole.

f5zyvdi

f5zum3l

1. People support those with mental illnesses 2. People are not tolerant of the way mental illnesses actually play out Those two statements are not necessarily in opposition. The first can be an opinion on social programs and society as a whole while the second can refer to your personal private life. I will vote for candidates, that are willing to use government-spending to ensure that people with mental health problems have access to therapy and medication even if that means tax increases. However, I grew up around mental illness and a part of my immediate family could serve as a DSM cheat sheet. Some of them are trying to get better. I love them, but I am unable to like them. I want them to be happy and healthy, but I also know myself and my own limits. I simply cannot be around them for a longer period of time, because they are driving me insane. I can be detached when thinking about social policies, but not in my own personal life. As far as my personal life is concerned, intentions simply do not matter, actions do. It does not matter where you draw the line between the person, the disease, the addiction, etc, because it does not matter exactly why a person is acting a certain way. All that matters is how they act towards me and if I want this behavior in my life. I had enough mentally ill people in my life to be 100% certain that I do not want any more. I want people with mental health problems to get the support and help they need, but that refers to _professional_ help.

I used to support mental illness. Then after 10 years married to someone with bipolar disorder, let’s just say my feelings on the matter are complicated.

bz886f

askscience_train

According to the last episode of Chernobyl, there is still a man buried inside reactor 4. Would his body have decomposed normally or would the excessive radiation not allow for any substantial bacterial activity?

eqrbx2k

eqrgi1w

Well, it seems conceivable that lifeforms manage to survive in radioactive environments and bacteria have a fast life cycle so they would be a good candidate to adapt, maybe someone knows of studies of bacteria in high radiation environments?

Something very similar to this happened in the U.S. in 1960. He didn't decay. SL-1 reactor incident, three guys were on top of a small experimental reactor. For reasons unknown, one of them pulled out a control rod. This caused a prompt criticality: >, it is known that in those four milliseconds enough heat was spontaneously generated in the water left in the reactor to instantly vaporize it. This, in turn, created an extremely concentrated “water hammer” that shot to the top of the reactor vessel at 109 mph, smashing the top of the vessel in a massive detonation that caused not just the entire 26,000-lb housing to jump vertically over nine feet, but for massive control rods, shield plugs and other pieces of the assembly to be blasted upwards with enough force to embed them into the steel and concrete ceiling 13 feet overhead. A plug over one of the control rods, propelled by the steam, effectively turned into a bullet. It pinned a guy named Richard C Legg to the ceiling of the reactor building. It took several days to figure out how to get him down. He was pinned up there pretty good, and the reactor room was obviously very hot indeed. They ended up doing a procedure similar to the Chernobyl liquidators--lots of men for 65 second shifts. When they got him down he hadn't decayed: > A post-mortem examination showed that his body had not decayed during the six days he was suspended from the ceiling, as the heavy radiation had effectively sterilized him. If you like salacious rumors, the story around this one is that it was a murder-suicide. The story goes that Byrnes pulled the rod on purpose, possibly because Legg (the guy who ended up pinned to the ceiling) was sleeping with his wife. Other versions have Byrnes being jealous because Legg got a promotion. The official (and likeliest) story is that the rod got stuck and Byrnes accidentally yanked it too hard.

ndbo9n

askengineers_train

Engineers who graduated without internships or research experience, how long did it take you to find a job? I'm a rising senior EE, and despite dozens upon dozens of applications, I didn't get an internship this summer. There's a research project I'm doing under a professor, but I despise working on it and I'm probably going to drop it soon. After graduation, how long did it take ya'll in a similar boat to get a job? I've been so stressed about this the past couple weeks that I've almost been unable to move. For context, I have a 3.60 GPA, so I don't know if COVID just has the job market moving slow or if I'm doing something wrong.

gy9youz

gy9v74p

I never had an internship, just research and study abroad. I graduated in May of 2019, but accepted a geological engineering job in January of 2019. Had a 3.6 as well, a lot of my friends with higher GPAs and internships didnt get jobs until right before or some time after graduating. Everyone's journey is gonna be different. Just keep on applying to as many places as possible, and try to minimize stressing over things you have no control over. Where ever/whenever you get your position is independent of how much stress you have about it. Good luck !!

4 years.

ykq5xz

asksciencefiction_train

[Marvel and DC] How do adherents of the religions of Earth (especially the Abrahamic faiths) view the fact there are Greek and Norse gods?

iuvvvzc

iuvrtcb

They’re just aliens.. unlike my God who is totally a *god* God.. not a strong alien.

Wonder what hardcore catholic Matt Murdock think about the literal gods like Thor and the other Nordic gods.

urlhfx

changemyview_train

CMV: it is understandable and not necessarily wrong that European countries more easily harbour Ukrainian refugees from outside Europe EDIT: I made a typo in the title: should be: **it is understandable and not necessarily wrong that European countries more easily harbour Ukrainian refugees than refugees from outside of Europe** Fransisco Rocca, the president of the IFRC ( International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies) said that Europe holds double standards by accepting so many Ukrainian refugees but holding back much more with e.g. people fleeing Boko Haram in Nigeria. My opinion as a European on this is that Europe accepting so many Ukrainian refugees is not surprising, with my thinking being along the lines that many Europeans might more easily identify with the struggle of refugees from Ukraine, and can feel that fear much more strongly than for example of Boko Haram simply because of proximity and having more closely related cultures. To me this is unfortunate, but comparable to how it is easier for people to distinguish people that look more similar to you than people that have very different looks (e.g. how for some people from west European heritage will have a harder time distinguishing people from south-east Asia and vice versa). I rationally know that it could be disheartening for other refugees to have a hard time being able to find refuge and then seeing how easily European refugees are welcomed. I think everyone who needs shelter, should be able to get it. I think it should definitely be easier for refugees to find a safer place to live, but I also think "double standards" is a harsh way of describing behaviour that sounds to me like a basal instinct of being able to relate better to people that have a more similar culture to yours. Note that I do think that we should rise above that to help everyone, but is it really that wrong that Europe responds like that? How morally questionable is it that European countries "complain" much less about taking in Ukrainian refugees than others? Is it wrong to think along the lines of people identifying more with more similar people? I'd like to hear other people's views and opinions on this, because I worry that as a person in a privileged position, living in a prosperous country, I miss the implications of this and underestimate possible racist motivations.

i90z5jy

i920gy4

https://foreignpolicy.com/2022/04/20/germany-refugee-policy-afghanistan-ukraine/ >>**BERLIN—The knock on the door came when Parwana Amiri was having breakfast with her husband and two small daughters. An unexpected visitor—a social worker—stood outside, bringing even more unexpected news: The family would have to clear out their home for newly arriving refugees from Ukraine. No questions, no negotiation, just “out within 24 hours,” they were told.** Do you think this is understandable? That they are evicting Afghan refugees, giving them 24 hours to leave their place, to make room for Ukrainians?

One of if not the most important thing when determining whether you should accept refugees is their ability to assimilate into your society. It would be much easier for someone from Canada or the UK to assimilate in the US than it would for someone from the Middle East. So when determining whether you want to accept a massive influx of refugees you have to figure out if they can actually be a part of your society or if they are going to be a major problem. No one wants to accept a bunch of people that can’t work themselves into your society and will be a constant and never ended drain on your countries resources. In this I accept your conclusion and agree with it.

ly6p41

asksciencefiction_train

[Avengers: Endgame] When Steve Rogers took the long road back to present, how does he hid his presence from Hydra over the decades?

gprl24f

gps4m9h

Because he was in an era of analog record keeping. Back than it was paper records that made the world go around. You only exist if you are on paper. In a Tom Clancy Novel a man by the name of John Terrence Kelly was a member of UDT (underwater demolition team/ precursor to SEALS). He did special operations in Vietnam he comes back his pregnant wife dies and he falls apart. He picks up a prostitute named Pamela and they genuinely fall in love and to help her move on with her life they decide to get justice on the pimps who killed her friend. They do some reconnaissance and get discovered by her old pimps and they chase them he gets a blast of buckshot in the chest presumed dead.....he survives but she dies horribly. After his recovery So he decides to use his special operations training to good use in hunting down and killing the pimps and drug network. During this he gets approached by some old friends in the navy one of which is a **navy admiral**. More stuff happens any way he gets involved with the CIA and John knows it’s only a matter of time before connections are made that lead back to him. Basically a cop figures it out and gives him self an hour to turn himself in willingly, instead he gets in his boat and crash’s into a ship captained by a **navy admiral** and John Terrence Kelly dies. Strangely enough a man is pulled out by the navy admiral whose name is John Terrence Clark. What happened was is a high level CIA agent requested John Terrence Kelly’s original service jacket which is classified to prevent the police from accessing the paper file. This CIA agent took the document containing Kelly’s fingerprints destroyed them and switched them out with different fingerprints. Basically the exact same thing but with Steve Rogers also people don’t look for people who are dead Steve is legally dead. At that time HYDRA hadn’t infiltrated everywhere so it was possible for Peggy using her high level access to create an identity for him. Couple more things. Steve technically didn’t go back in time, he did but the moment he got involved and went off script and did something completely different to his reality. That doesn’t change his future, his future the one he came from that one is 100% the same. Instead when he deviated from his history the moment he did that reality splintered and created an alternate timeline. This alternate timeline is just as real just as important and just as dangerous as his timeline/reality of origin but it’s not his one. Now we get into the nitty gritty super duper crazy shit. Steve isn’t a normal man, he’s superhuman with various superhuman abilities including enhanced mental abilities, he’s smarter and has a perfect memory. >”Enhanced Intelligence: Rogers' mental performance has been greatly enhanced to operate in the most efficient and rapid manner possible. Some manifestations of this are his exceptionally perfect charisma, eloquence, leadership skills, deductive/analytical skills, and tactical genius. Rogers has demonstrated the ability to quickly process multiple information streams and rapidly respond to any changing tactical situations by creating perfect winning strategies rapidly. Rogers possesses perfect memory as demonstrated when he was able to perfectly replicate the locations of all HYDRA bases on a map, despite "only getting a glance," as well as retain obscure details of his youth with Bucky Barnes even the latter could not. It took him less than a minute to realize that his "recovery room" was a lie because he remembered the baseball game being broadcasted on the radio. Rogers is able to learn anything, such as memorization, understand and recall all kinds of information and skills much faster than normal humans. Even though he was unconscious, Rogers was able to recall the conversation S.H.I.E.L.D. agents had while they were defrosting him” After Winter Soldier all Steve basically did was read information, dossiers from and on HYDRA most of their secret files since it was dropped on the internet. Even though Steve is back in time that information is still valid. Here’s the crazy shit. Long story but after “Winter Soldier” SHIELD was recreated, it was under the directorship of Phil Coulson (long story) but he hunted down and killed HYDRA repeatedly again long story. Stuff happens, more stuff happens, even more crazy shit happens. But eventually SHIELD and its remaining core members go back in time to stop a race of hostile time traveling robots from taking earth over. This creates an alternate timeline, in this timeline the SHIELD team under Phil’s successor Director Alphonso "Mack" Mackenzie“ use their first hand knowledge to help them join/take over that timeline’s SHIELD. Names, dates, places and they kill HYDRA before they can take over even more power, as a consequence HYDRA never takes over, project insight 2.5 never happens SHIELD stays what it was always intended to protect people. Some people don’t understand this but Howard Stark absolutely loved Steve as a brother. Howard spent his entire life trying to determine whether Steve could have survived that crash. So Steve telling that Peggy about what happened in his timeline of origin and the details to Howard there would have been no better friend or ally in killing HYDRA. All they would have to do is kill the following people to stop HYDRA. * https://marvelcinematicuniverse.fandom.com/wiki/HYDRA Look at it this way Steve Rogers is a super soldier extensively trained in modern warfare including stealth infiltration, all Steve needs is a suppressed weapon or knife and he can pretty much jump over any obstacle to get into anywhere and he can just kill them. Outwardly it’s a Homicide by an armed perpetrator. To people in HYDRA its someone in the organization cleaning house or trying to create openings to get a promotion and nobody’s none the wiser.

He's a superhero with 20 years experience in combat, special operations, and undercover work and he's got a nanotechnology suit, the ability to shrink and time travel, and all of the files about HYDRA operations dating back to WW2. He'd have to majorly screw up to wind up on their radar.

abz4jz

askengineers_train

How did yall make it through school. Of course everyone knows engineering classes are hard. I struggled me first semester as an M.E major. Anyone have any tips?

ed43zzk

ed4bud4

YouTube. Hours in the library doing practice problems. Make friends that work hard and want to study with you. Also if your school has a free tutoring center that was really helpful to me

Friends and brute force honestly. I studied as much as I could and friends made it a lot easier to put more hours in than I would’ve on my own. Plus explaining things to someone always helped me learn the material a lot better.

n1pg0j

explainlikeimfive_train

Eli5:Why do bees sting you even if it means their death? Don't they have a sense of survival?

gweig59

gwei4o7

**TL;DR:** *Bees don't "think" like we do. Most of their behaviours are automatic.* Think of a bee as about 99% robot that's been programmed to respond to what goes on around them in a certain way. That programming comes from millions of years of previous bees surviving based on what worked for them, collectively as a species. And in addition to the whole build-hives, collect-pollen, make-honey stuff, it has a basic instruction in it that says "attempt to sting if the hive is in danger". And the programming is so strong that it doesn't consider what happens to the bee itself, because it's easier to make more replacement bees than it is to not drive away the destructive intruder. If the target is small, the bee can actually pull its stinger out after injecting some poison. But if it's large, the barb in the stinger stays embedded and the bee's poison gland actually stays attached to it when the bee tries to leave, killing the bee. This sounds weird, so why? Even if the attacking bee is brushed away, the larger attacker gets more poison from the stinger which is left, which makes it feel worse. And that increases the odds that the attacker will stay the hell away from beehives in the future.

Not all bees die though. It's mostly just honey bees, because of their barbed stinger. But bumble bees and carpenter bees have smooth stingers that won't get stuck in the skin and disembowel them, when they try to fly away. But it's a mean way to die, that's for sure. Don't agitate bees

p2d0ju

askbaking_train

What could I make with 3-4 bananas that’s NOT banana bread Last year, I made banana bread so much that I’m actually so sick of making it, but my family keeps requesting it still😭 Does anyone have any idea of what to make with it? Thank you in advance!

h8j7k0p

h8kognp

Slice em, freeze em and put em in a blender with some oreos or peanut butter for vegan ice cream

Hummingbird cake!

ufb7ia

legaladvice_train

US-NV Daughters friend is being abused and I want to help My daughter informed my wife and I yesterday that her best friend(Amy,16) is being abused by her mom. Apparently Amy’s mom has told her that she will no longer support her in any way and is now forcing her to sleep in a tent out back. Amy did tell us that this happens periodically when her mom stops taking her meds. My wife and I would like to help her but we don’t want her to go into the system. We were thinking that we could pick her up and bring her to our house since Amy wants to come stay with us. Are there any legal repercussions?

i6sjh0y

i6se6p4

You cannot do this legally without involving "the system," unless Amy's mother gives permission, which seems unlikely given your description of the situation.

You would need to call cps. You cannot take other people's children without permission. That's kidnapping

3cm04x

changemyview_train

CMV: No matter how cool Bernie Sanders seems, he will accomplish none of his campaign promises because Congress. Bernie Sanders is running a campaign on promises like free college and getting money out of politics. Nearly everything I've heard his campaign promise requires congressional action. As a congressman Bernie Sanders knows that. From the Huffington Post : "Among the specific items on his campaign platform include establishing a $15 minimum wage, closing the gender pay gap, investing $1 trillion over five years to rebuild infrastructure, and overturning the Supreme Court's Citizens United decision" Each of those things requires new legislation. With 16 years in the House and 2 terms in the Senate Sanders should be familiar with the limits of each branch of government. This makes me think he knows he can't win so he is recklessly promising absurd things. When he inevitably loses and the winning candidate fails to deliver on the impossible goals he set out he can say "I would have done it differently" but we should know better. Even if he wins, he'll blame Congress for blocking his agenda. The only way he can possibly accomplish anything he promises is if 1) He wins the presidential election, 2) Like-minded democrats win a majority in BOTH houses of congress. Which, while it would be cool, is only possible in some incredibly unlikely fantasy land. _____ > *Hello, users of CMV! This is a footnote from your moderators. We'd just like to remind you of a couple of things. Firstly, please remember to* ***read through our rules***. *If you see a comment that has broken one, it is more effective to report it than downvote it. Speaking of which,* ***downvotes don't change views****! If you are thinking about submitting a CMV yourself, please have a look through our* ***popular topics wiki*** *first. Any questions or concerns? Feel free to* ***message us***. *Happy CMVing!*

csxaylh

csxeu2k

It's not always about being able to deliver everything you promised. It's about where the conversation starts. A lot of Obama supporters wanted single-payer. In order to "compromise", he moved to the middle with Obamacare, which borrows from a lot of conservative ideas on healthcare, drawing from the same well as Romneycare. Of course, we can't even get THAT through congress, so it gets bastardized even further in the legislative process. We wind up with a healthcare reform bill that very few liberals would have deemed acceptable in 2007, AND THE REPUBLICANS STILL ACT LIKE THE WORLD ENDED. The point of Sanders isn't that he would ramrod the liberal utopia version of single-payer down the throats of congress. He couldn't. But the hope is that he would have at least stuck to his guns and kept the debate centered on single-payer, leaving us with a softened version of THAT instead of what we got. Liberals are disenfranchised with a president who spent a lot of time obsessing over compromise but built no good will for it. If conservatives are going to treat every liberal idea as an implementation of the antichrist's will, then liberals may as well be fighting for the things they well and truly believe in, even if they don't get it all. A lot of folks think Sanders is the person to do that.

Are you serious OP? "Out of 100 senators for 2013-14, Bernie scored 6th highest in working with House, 8th highest in getting laws enacted, 10th highest in getting bills out of committee, & 20th highest in leadership score" is a reddit thread around here somewhere with a ton of likes… you didn't see that? https://www.govtrack.us/congress/members/bernard_sanders/400357/report-card/2014 see for yourself THE GUY KNOWS HOW TO NEGOTIATE A DEAL unlike the majority of the Koch congressmen. You are clearly just a Bernie Sanders hater and I hope you can grasp what is actually going on here.

l7wxjs

askhr_train

[IA] Employee acting erratically, lashing out at coworkers. May be medically-related. We have an employee (let's call them Pat) that had a major medical event about 2 years ago. Since then, Pat experiences migraines, during which they become volatile towards everyone around them except for managers; other staff members are afraid of them and seek out a manager when they have an episode (even managers that they don't report to help). In addition to migraines, they have mentioned "anxiety attacks" which come with similar volatility (it's unclear how linked they are to the migraines). The episodes seem to be happening more frequently as of late. Managers have recommended to Pat to see a medical professional, to which they get one of the following answers: * Doctors told me they can't do anything with my migraines * I don't have a regular doctor, I only ever go to Urgent Care when I need to * Most recently, "I have a day off, maybe I'll get in somewhere tomorrow" (this was yesterday) This all leaves me with a few questions: * Can we require Pat to see a doctor about any of this? * Can we take Pat off the schedule for the next couple of days to give us time to sort this out? We're also considering calling our attorney to make sure we don't mess anything up, but I'd love to get suggestions or hear someone's past experience. Thanks!

gl9au03

gl98rz4

For me, regardless of a medical condition, everyone has a right to work in a place free of harassment and intimidation. If Pat can't follow the policies and rules that are in place regarding respect in the workplace among others, he is going to be disciplined. If it is a medical issue, is he fit for duty? Do you have a third party that can assess his medical condition(s) and provide objective evidence to the company? Do you have any sick leave at your company? Short term disability etc. so he can go visit with a doctor and have his condition assessed? Also, I would have HR speak with the employee in private about all of these concern and come up with a plan moving forward. Consult with legal. Good luck.

Agree that it will be important to talk to legal (whether in-house or external attorney versed in employment law). And, if you haven't already, you need to ensure HR is collaborating on this. Some additional questions to consider: Do you have an EAP and have you referred this employee to that program? Have you discussed ADA accommodations with this employee? What has and has not been documented and by whom?

wrbi0g

askvet_train

Can’t take my cat to the ER vet right now because they require $750 up front to even see him. What can I do? I’m pretty sure my cat has a UTI or some sort of blockage. He’s acting very withdrawn, aggressive when I try to pet him which is absolutely not normal. I watched him try to try to use the box 3 times in the last hour; first two times nothing came out when he strained, third time he made sort of a howling noise when he was going and only a tiny bit of urine came out. No blood that I could see. I’m assuming he’s in pain. Called the ER vet near me and they said they can only begin treatment on him if I pay $750 up front. I can’t do that at the moment, I’d have to wait until morning when my mother is awake and she can go with me and help pay for it. Am I risking his life by having to wait till morning? Right now he’s laying down in a corner quietly. I’m super worried and don’t want to be making a huge mistake by having to wait to take him. :/

ikswzpp

ikt150v

Is there an MSPCA near you? They’re usually like $350 for ER

CareCredit credit card nowwwwwwwwwwe

kly455

changemyview_train

CMV: The very fact that we need lawyers to interpret the law is proof that the law is too complicated Imagine you were trying to set up rules for people to follow in a game. Most people don't get any help following the rules, such as keeping tack of them, or understanding them, and if they break them, regardless of weather they know they broke them or not, you punish them. Then, you write a legal code, say, how people have to pay for the game which is thousands of pages long all in obscure language so complex that you need professionals not only to keep track of it, but just to understand what it is. Additionally, you only provide these professionals to individuals after they break the rules because there just aren't enough of them to advise everyone 24/7 on how to follow the rules. One things can be easily concluded from this example: you are apparently an asshole. The nature of laws places responsibility to follow and understand them on every individual subject to them, and yet 1) the laws people are expected to follow are so complex that probably no individual knows off the top of their head every single law, and even worse 2) the laws can only be totally understood and properly interpreted with a legal degree that as a society we cannot possibly give to every person. If we cannot expect them to know the rules, then we cannot expect them to follow the rules. To be clear, I'm not saying the state should do less, far from it I'm an unabashed socialist. Rather I'm saying that we oughtn't to have state intervention that those who must follow it cannot understand. Perhaps a state may justifiably create restrictions, such as driver permits where in order to follow the do an act you must understand the particular rules around that act, but that isn't how we do most things. There is no "taxpayers ed" you are given by the state to know of to follow the thousands pages long tax law or anything like that. There is no "parenting ed" you are given by the state to know how to follow parental regulations with your children. Either 1) the law should be so simple everyone can learn it in school, or at least 2) the law should be simple enough that the average person can learn it given minor degrees of guidance. If there are so many rules you need an expensive professional to know them, there are too many rules to reasonably expect you to follow. If the rules are so complex you need an expensive professional to understand them, the rules are too complex to reasonably expect you to follow.

ghbn15g

ghblw05

> 1) the laws people are expected to follow are so complex that probably no individual knows off the top of their head every single law Yeah and? I don't expect anybody to know everything about anything. Why are lawyers and laws special? Surely you can understand that there is a need in society for special laws that apply to businesses and corporations, that would quite obviously not be applicable to an individual person. > 2) the laws can only be totally understood and properly interpreted with a legal degree that as a society we cannot possibly give to every person. If we cannot expect them to know the rules, then we cannot expect them to follow the rules. Anybody who is capable of reading a college level can understand the law. We set high bars of competency for someone to become a lawyer, but understanding the law is not complicated; it's simply knowing how to read and understand logical concepts. I don't expect the layman to understand the nuance between murder in the 3rd degree and manslaughter off the top of the heard; but I expect them to understand that killing somebody is wrong, that you can't do that without society coming down on you. > . There is no "taxpayers ed" you are given by the state to know of to follow the thousands pages long tax law or anything like that. Well, again, that's just literacy. You have the thousands of pages, you can read it yourself, for free, and learn all you want. > If there are so many rules you need an expensive professional to know them, there are too many rules to reasonably expect you to follow. Don't steal, don't kill, don't intimidate or threaten, obey posted signs, obey contracts you sign. These aren't difficult or hard rules to understand. And you shouldn't need a lawyer to explain them.

I've been a cop for 5 years and most of the laws that effect you in your day to day life are common sense. It comes down to acting responsible and not being an asshole to other people. I would argue that the reason the law is so confusing is BECAUSE of attorneys. The law has to be written out very specifically and in explicit detail because if it isn't, prosecutors might try to put cases on people a law doesn't apply to, and defense attorneys might try to get a guilty person out of trouble because of a technicality in the written law

tcti6c

explainlikeimfive_train

Eli5: If the body regenerates itself about every 7 to 10 years, why do scars and other skin „imperfections“ still remain the same ?

i0gqj1u

i0gorq8

A lot of answers here ignore the fact specific to OP's question. Cells aren't being regenerated from some magic template. The cells in a spot are the ones that replace themselves. Your current skin makes the new skin. The scar isn't "broken". It's a different construction of skin cells. Your body used it to replace literal missing tissue. Those cells belong there now. And they replace themselves when they need to with copies of themselves.

Because speed is sacrified to aestethics... If you are injured, it needs to heal fast... you can't wait the wound to close with perfect accuracy, by that time you die of an infection... Also your body doesn't care about aesthetics, there should be skin there, there is skin, no matter how it looks... Growing as a child and regenerating from a wound is a totally different process, childhood scars can fade, but adults don't really grow anymore, so adults scars are staying...

qatte3

askengineers_train

Incredibly torn between Switzerland and Germany for a career in the space field Hi reddit, I am 22, currently in Italy (and want out), and in my master's for Robotics Engineering and very soon I must start deciding where to pursue a career. I am **incredibly** torn between Switzerland and Germany and I was really hoping someone could give career/life advice. You guys have a lot more experience than me, in both engineering and in life, so **I humbly seek your wisdom.** ​ * I will be applying for Space and Space Robotics related fields (very niche). * Switzerland does not have a space program and is not part of the EU, but is a founding member of ESA and has multiple appealing space related startups (ClearSpace recently just won an ESA grant), and works tightly with the EU. It also has an incredibly strong academic appeal, being home to CERN, EPFL, ETH etc. (in fact, EPFL has a "Space Center" called eSpace) * Germany is part of the EU and has a space program, has way more space related companies and projects. * Switzerland's salaries are comparable to US salaries, offer incredibly strong purchasing power, are taxed way less. * Germany's salaries are amongst the highest in Europe, but so are its taxes and its salaries cannot even begin to compete with Swiss salaries. On top of that, about HALF of my entire gross income would disappear to taxes (which although I am happy to pay for certain things like healthcare and education, I'd much rather have the freedom to invest for my own pension). * Switzerland is the only real, direct democracy, in the entire world. * (VERY ballpark figures) prospected Switzerland **net** salary: 60k\~80k (maybe more?), prospected Germany **net** salary: 30k+ * Both countries are absolutely gorgeous. So there you have it... I am extremely passionate in my studies and my future career, but I am also very passionate in life in general. I enjoy lots of hobbies, and I don't want to sacrifice my financial freedom for my career. But I also don't want to sacrifice my career just to have more money in the bank. I realise this might be an impossible question. Tear me down and slap me a new one if you must, I really need some external thoughts because I've been pondering about this on my own for far too long... TL;DR Switzerland with potentially less interesting career options but very high purchasing power and compensation, or Germany which offers a potentially more interesting career path but with a much less impressive salary? Thank you for reading.

hh5dc7p

hh68z59

Well, in Switzerland you could not become a director or lead specialist of their non-existing space program. Think about the career opportunities, not about the bucks first.

Why do you need to decide where to pursue a career? Why not apply in both and see what sticks.

vzqik5

askscience_train

Is there a reason your own "young" bone marrow couldn't put in storage for an immune system "restoration" when you are older? It seems a reasonable hypothesis that a portion of the "problems" with an aging immune system come from aging stem cells in your bone marrow. Obviously bone marrow extraction is very painful, but other than that hurdle, is there some reason I am not seeing that storing your own bone marrow on LN2 for later wouldn't be a way to restore the "youth" of your immune system later on in life?

ig9xwa6

igaakxv

I'm going to stay away from the young-stem-cells-as-elixir-of-youth aspect of your question. But it is increasingly common (though still relatively rare) for blood to be harvested and banked from the umbilical cords of newborns. Cord blood is rich in tasty, useful stem cells that can be used to treat certain conditions that may only manifest years or decades later in life. (Cord blood can also be transplanted to relatives or even unrelated recipients under some circumstances.) As an aside, direct harvest of bone marrow for transplant is becoming rarer. In recent decades, it's generally preferred to treat the donor with G-CSF (filgrastim/Neupogen) for a few days, which mobilizes hematopoietic (blood-forming) stem cells into circulation. These cells can then be collected from the donor's blood by apheresis. (Collection takes a couple of IV lines in the arm and a few hours of boredom, rather than general anesthetic and big-ass needles into bone.) Why not do one or both of the above for everyone? Cost-benefit, presumably. Most people *won't* have a medical need for stem cell transplant (their own or someone else's) in their lifetime.

Molecular biologist here, working with myeloid malignancies. There is a very strong reason against the likelihood of this being an improvement: the rapid division of hematopoietic progenitors that occurs after a transplant (and which is necessary for re-establishing the bone marrow) is actually very similar to an accelerated aging process, and in fact leads to the same HSPC mutational bias as normal aging. So in practice you would go through a highly stressful procedure for no benefit. This emergence of an oligoclonal hematopoietic population is widely studied in mice and humans and termed "clonal hematopoiesis". There are some excellent papers on this, e.g. the recent large-scale study by Peter Campbell's group.

pazqj5

asksciencefiction_train

[Harry Potter] I am Lord Voldemort. I control the Ministry, including its supply of Time Turners. Should I issue one to each one of my Death Eaters, to use to reverse time in case I am killed in action? Time turners are obviously very dangerous, and I wouldn't want my followers using them while I am still alive, lest they unintentionally erase me from the timeline, but if I am killed, what do I have to lose? I could always cast a spell upon them that stops them from working while I am still alive. The Ministry should have tons of them, for Merlin's sake, they issue them to 13-year old girls who struggle with class workloads, they can't be that rare! Muggle schools don't issue Ferraris to students who struggle with getting to school on time, and if I really wanted every one of my followers to have a Ferrari, I could still easily do that! Even given my large amount of Horcruxes, regenerating a body is hard! It's so much easier to send someone back in time than to send an imposter to rig a months-long international wizarding sports competition to get some enemy blood again!

ha999mw

ha8cr0w

No. Conventional time-turners of the kind contained in the department of mysteries cannot generate new outcomes without causing massive, life-destroying paradoxes. They are only useful for stable time loops. A True time turner, capable of altering the past, is an immensely advanced and complex project that will take many years to produce Furthermore, the Ministry's entire supply of Time-Turners were destroyed a little over a year ago, the last time you and your men visited the Department of Mysteries. Are you feeling alright, My Lord? You probably should have remembered this massive battle in which you personally got your butt kicked by Dumbledore for the last time before his passing. Regarding your comments about Hermione Granger's use of one during the 1993-94 school year: Hermione is a once-in-a-generation prodigy and only got it as a result of favors called in by Dumbledore and McGonnagall-- they are not routinely issued to schoolgirls.

There are generally 2 big theories of time Travel, the unchanging time line and the multi-verse timeline. Multiverse is self explanatory, time Travel would simply create a new timeline, one with the original events and one with the new events. But based on the one book/story with time Travel, this isn't how time Travel works. When Harry and Hermonie Travel through time, they are simply creating the events that already happened. Which means The Harry Potter books use the Unchanging Timeline rules. Everything you might do by Traveling through time already happened. So handing out Time Turners wouldn't work.

b834of

askphilosophy_train

Philosophy majors and graduates, what career opportunities are available for an undergraduate to look in to? Hello all, I'm an undergraduate student and I've been incredibly interested in philosophy for the past few years of my life. My current major isn't quite giving me the enjoyment I expected, and so I'd like to try my hand at switching majors to something I know that I'll enjoy. However, there's always been a stigma that philosophy (and other humanity) majors either remain unemployed or do not make a decent living whatsoever. I come to ask anyone who's knowledgeable on the topic this: what career opportunities are available for philosophy major graduates and what can I potentially double-major with to better secure a future with financial stability for myself? I feel like I might be grossly ignorant on the topic, so anything helps; feel free to correct me. Thanks for all the help :)

ejvxl9b

ejvp73p

This is not a "one size fits all" but it may provide some insight. I went to school for engineering, hated it, but still finished. It currently provides my wife and children a very comfortable life. And the job is actually enjoyable; in VERY Stark contrast to my undergrad experience. I went back and got my BA in Phil 1.5 years ago & I am currently in the middle of an MA program. It is my hope to pursue a limited residency PhD program in the UK once I finish the MA w/ a sealed thesis. I say all this because if I had pursued Philosophy initially, as was my plan, I would have a (relatively) limited job market available to me. Having some semblance of financial freedom and security is very important. Unless you have come from money (I absolutely did not) My advice is to absolutely pursue Philosophy but also give yourself the gift of security with regards to your future. This can manifest itself in the form of another degree, picking up coding skills - whatever. Best of luck to you and your pursuits. PM me if you have any questions.

https://www.reddit.com/r/AskPhilosophyFAQ/comments/4i8d2u/what_can_i_do_with_a_philosophy_degree_should_i/?st=jtyj3m2d&sh=c0d2fdfc

4ed8gf

askengineers_train

Engineers of reddit, if you weren't in engineering, what do you honestly think you would be doing then?

d1z3bm2

d1z5520

Mechanic or electrician.

Meth Seriously though, I have no other option other than engineering. I have a shitload of interesting hobbies but am not decent enough at any of them to warrant making a career out of it. I couldn't imagine how I would eat without engineering

k5fnrw

askacademia_train

how do you come to terms with your low post doc salary? do you really just love your research? Or have a dedication to the advancement of science (/insert your field here)? After a grueling 5 years of Phd, I simpy cannot come to terms of going into a post doc that pays $50k (average CAD) when im trying to start a family, get a house, have kids. I just dont see it. Is this supposed to be the expected right of passage to eventually become a professor and make the big bucks? Is this route worth it? is it obtainable? I dont see a light at the end of this tunnel.

gefhq7e

geeiv5i

I switched to industry after a year of postdoc because the salary was, in a word, abysmal. My industry pay is well into the six figures with lots of nice benefits. The caveats of course are that I don't necessarily get to choose what I do, the work can be boring and everything is super secretive. I'll probably never publish again. Basically, you have choose which life you prefer. In academia I felt like, I belonged to the science. I would have to sacrifice everything for the science. In industry, I belong to me. My entire life is now dedicated to my own welfare and my family and friends.

I think I'm on the higher end for 1st year postdoc stipends ($64k USD / year) and it honestly feels quite luxurious after making $20-40k throughout the PhD (which itself felt like an awesome bump from the $10-15k I got from ugrad fellowships). It's very much still a training role for me, and all super interesting, so honestly I feel lucky to be getting anything at all! (although my wife is also a 1st year postdoc / resident and is getting a bit more, $70k / year + ~$200/h for relief work, so that helps to pick up my slack lol).

3tazcv

changemyview_train

CMV: The "Tyranny of the majority" argument is really a defense of authoritarianism, and a loaded, emotional phrase. Tyranny should be replaced with "self-interest of the majority", and minority rule is always worse in practice. Take any community or group. Here is the power line: (1)--------------(2)-----------------(3)---------------(4) (1) is where only 1 person gets the vote: *autocracy, authoritarinism, dictatorship, monarchy.* (2) is where a few people get the vote: *oligarchy, aristocracy, plutocracy.* (3) is where a few more get the vote(often through the obfuscating layer of representatives): *representative democracy, parliamentary democracy.* (4) is where everyone gets to vote: *direct democracy*. Many people claim that (4) is a *tyranny of the majority*, where a mob of uneducated peasants(which of course we all are) controls affairs to the detriment of all. To me, this argument inherently assumes that the minority somehow won't also be **tyrannical**, which makes the phrase completely loaded. *Tyranny* is a loaded word with negative emotional connotations. If we substitute the word **self-interested**, instead of *tyrannical*, for both dictators, and plebs, then it becomes clear that democracy is a far better system for representing the desires of the entire society, and not just a select few. I don't think we need to look too far for examples, even in the present day, to see how terrible minority rule can be in practice. TL:DR; "Tyranny of the majority" is a loaded phrase, and should be replaced with the *self interest of the majority*.

cx4kydg

cx4kzhm

To be clear, are you bundling 3 and 4 as opposed to 1 and 2, or claiming that 4 is the best possible system ? Is 3, for instance, the "minorities self interest" ?

The idea behind tyranny of the majority is that a majority interest may choose to make legislation which violate the principles of rule of law and equality under law. So, for instance, in the US, the Federal Housing Administration had a pretty explicit policy of not lending to black people from the 30s to the 60s. This policy was popular with the white majority because it gave them money from the government without giving it to black people, and kept black people out of white neighborhoods. But it was also a policy which essentially let the white majority vote to screw over the black minority by giving something only to whites. The counterpoint to tyrrany of the majority isn't control by the minority, it's rule of law. Rule of law means that all similarly situated people must be treated the same, and only directly relevant differences between people should be a part of government decisionmaking. The majority still gets to have control over what policies are implemented, but the manner of their implementation must be inclusive of the whole of the population, and can't just be used to benefit specific arbitrary groups of voters.

j50m9c

asksciencefiction_train

[Spiderman enter the verse] Why did Miles’ math teacher assign him a personal essay? Shouldn’t the English teacher do that? you can see math on the blackboard.

g7pqjh4

g7pt2ae

I had a pre-calc class in HS where the teacher gave us the assignment of writing a multi-page essay on a quadratic equation. Not on math theory, pick an actual equation like "4x^2 + 3x + 1 = 0", then write a several page essay about it. It was the stupidest assignment I ever had in HS. (Nearly failed that class, then just about aced the BC Calc class/AP test the next year). So it's entirely possible the teacher there gave as pointless a project to Miles as my teacher gave us back in HS.

Respectthehyphen

b8l9l4

askcarguys_train

This is kinda like an AskReddit post but what’s the stupidest thing you’ve ever heard someone say about cars?

ejyhl1c

ejyj70q

Rich friend just bought a WRX (which to be fair DOES have a turbo at least) *points at the alternator* "It's got a turbo"

A few of my favorites: “It’s amazing how diesels can make all that power with out any moving parts” “How do automatic cars know when you want to be in reverse?” (Thinking because she has to move the lever into drive that her car had a manual transmission) “My check engine light came on so I added 4 qts of oil and now it’s smoking” -why did you add 4 qts? “I dunno, the light came on”

ga759r

askculinary_train

When I’ve been into Indian takeaways I have seen chefs pouring a liquid from a larger pan into a pan containing their curry.. what is the liquid likely to be? I would think it’s stock of some sort but can’t seem to find anything to back this up

foyacx1

foy33gp

Try Kris Dhillon’s book, The Curry Secret for some great UK Indian Restaurant recipes using a base gravy.

That could be oil from the tadka. But until you tell us more we're just guessing. It could be one of a million things.

4oeh4c

askacademia_train

I'm 80% sure a senior academic stole some of my ideas from a paper he reviewed and used it in his own paper. Is there any point doing anything? Here's the dramatic personae: A is a senior professor in my field and is editing a special issue on a very hot topic. B is me, a early career researcher who just happens to be an expert in this very hot, very new topic. In June, I submitted a paper to A's special issue. The paper was mostly conceptual and advanced some ideas about what this very new, very hot topic is different from previous similar topics. The idea wasn't anything incredibly technical, but it required a really deep understanding of about 5 unrelated literatures to be able to make it. In July, I reviewed a paper on this topic for a different journal. It was a good enough paper and I recommend an R&R with some changes to its structure and methodology. Later on thorough the grapevine I learn that A is an author on this paper. Later in July, I get the responses to my paper from A. The reviewers' comments are positive and he wants revisions. Yay! Now, I've received A's revised paper for the other journal to re-review. The intro has been re-writen to basically repeat the ideas that were in my paper. It's not a word for word copy and paste job, but it's the core ideas of my paper right there in the intro. What are my options here? I could raise a stink, but (1) he's a very senior person and (2) he's still the editor of a journal that I want to publish in and (3) it's impossible to prove. I could try to tank his article I'm reviewing, but it's a good article at the end of the day and I want to be able to cite it. Is this just something I've got accept and grumble about? How have other people dealt with similar issues?

d4c54yq

d4c8ktu

Try to look at it from an objective standpoint, how will you be able to convince the editor that the ideas are yours? In the end seniors will always get away with these things and battling against will seldom be of any use. Retreat, learn from this and take it with you.

You could host a pre-print of your paper on your institution's website, then include in your review a request for them to cite your paper.

fr1azg

askengineers_train

My manager is setting me up for failure I am using a throwaway as well as avoiding any overly specific details because you can never be too careful but I would like anyone's advice on how to handle this I have been working a little over a decade in my industry and I have been at my current job for around 2 years. I noticed around 6 months ago some drama started where my project was having resources pulled from it and moved to higher priority projects. This is nothing new and I have dealt with this before and I even completely agree with the company doing this, but the problems came when my manager wrote me up for falling behind on my project. I literally can't get tests run because the technicians are told not to work on my project and I am not supposed to or qualified to setup and perform testing myself. Now I am being pressured to hit deadlines that the project is nowhere ready for but it looks good when the project is reported out to do so. as an analogy lets say I was building a house. The walls and roof are not on the house because my manager sent the framing guys to another job, but I am supposed to have carpet in by next week so I am told to go ahead and have installers lay carpet. I explain the carpet will get rained on but my manager doesn't want to hear excuses and just says carpet needs to be in by the deadline no matter what, so I have installers lay carpet on a slab foundation and my boss is happy with the result. this short sighted managing has already caused the project to take even longer as I have to go back and redo things that were already done because of this. I would like to quit but nobody is hiring now and I like paychecks. Even my manager's boss seems to be on board as far as I can tell but I don't trust him enough to bring this to him and risk him siding with the manager who he likes and it makes things far worse far faster, so at this point I am following my manager's direction and just getting ready for failure. I have spoken with coworkers I trust and they have said my manager is problematic but also because my project is lower priority due to a huge rush on a few other projects, that my experience is far worse, but not exactly different than what they are used to. On the bright side, if I do get fired, having a job loss around this time will not raise any red flags with employers considering the economy. I would love to stand up and flat out say this is shit and is going to blow up in my face, but I have explained the risks in a more polite manner and my manager simply doesn't care about my concerns.

fltm39v

fltm585

Don't do what I did and wait to get fired under these conditions. Even if people could not be hiring, apply everywhere you could want to work. It looks much better that way than when you're unemployed.

Communicate exlusively trough e-mails....with everyone...the lab guys and include your boss in it so nobody can claim that was uninformed. Backup everything. Prepare yourself a timeline. If something is said to you in person by your boss write him an e-mail like a MoM. If something is said to you in person by the lab guys, tell them that you are too bussy and ask politely to send you an e-mail with those informations. Look for new job.

7283ef

askengineers_train

[Civil Engineering] My parents are looking to purchase land beside a manufactured lake. Realtor claims there's no risk of flood because of relief on the dam. If I can get the name of the consultancy that designed this lake, what should I ask them and look out for when verifying this claim?

dngrb55

dngjkyy

When it comes down to it I wouldn't trust the realtor with anything they say in regards to the lake or any potential flooding. I would start going back and trying to find the consultancy who designed the lake/dam/development. A good place to start of the development is reasonably new would be trying to get ahold of the developer otherwise try contactong your local/state government.

They most likely designed the lake to withstand a 50 year flood. Which has a 2% chance of happening every year. I could be wrong. Contact the company.

t2mnnv

askacademia_train

Any academic book made you go: ''Wow... This is so underrated and good...''? It can be academic books of any discipline (STEM, non-STEM etc) be it classical (19-20 century) or modern texts (21 century). Any english or foreign (english-translated) texts are welcomed too!

hyn2jog

hynimhv

I'm not in a field related to history, but I found How the Irish Saved Civilization by Thomas Cahill to be quite an entertaining read!

Black on Both Sides: A Racial History of Trans Identity by C. Riley Snorton. Absolutely life-changing.

adhkwj

askculinary_train

Complex vegetarian soups I love good soup. However, I'm vegetarian. My partner is a lactose-intolerant vegetarian. (So no meat or dairy, but we eat eggs.) Lately, I've been down the rabbit-hole of really amazing complex soups. Currently working on Kenji from Food Lab's Vegan Ramen recipe. What other vegan-friendly complex multilayered soups are there? Something hearty. Preferably with noodles. I was thinking a vegetarian version of pho would be an option.

edhy5lx

edh72d6

I love the persian Ash Reshteh soup that u/greenpinkie and u/ropper1 mentioned above. I make a slight variation of Ottolenghi's recipe: https://ottolenghi.co.uk/legume-noodle-soup-shop, from another book/Author whom I highly recommend "Saffron Tales" by Yasmin Khan( I can't find it on her blog but: http://yasminkhanstories.com/onion-soup/ and http://yasminkhanstories.com/lentil-spinach-and-tamarind-curry/. ​ For the Ash Reshteh, I substitute whatever beans I have in the larder, usually kidney beans, garbanzos, black beans, and lentils. I would also add fennugreek leaves, in twice the amount of dill, to Ottolenghi's recipe. I usually add spaghetti or rice noodles in place of the Reshteh( a delicate Persian noodle) The sour cream is a garnish so its not necessary, but I would highly recommend putting a dollop of yogurt in your personal bowl of soup!

You could definitely make a vegan version of pozole verde. It's a bean, hominy, tomatillo soup that's very filling. Traditionally made with pork, it would be easy to just add more veg instead.

x2vw36

askculinary_train

Pad Thai variants My wife likes Pad Thai. We really like the stuff from certain restaurants. We used to do the Street Kitchen kit, but it's different from the restaurants. It's a much more fish-saucy flavored one. We like it okay, but we like the restaurant version more. This past weekend I went to an Asian market and got ingredients and got to work trying to make the sauce. The first one was fish sauce, oyster sauce, tamarind paste, brown sugar and rice vinegar. This one came out tasting almost exactly like the Street Kitchen version, so not what I was aiming for. I tried adding some Sriracha in a second version, but that definitely wasn't the flavor I was looking for (not bad, just not what I was aiming for). In doing more research, I've come across mention that some restaurants (I'm assuming in America, but not in Thailand) add a good bit of ketchup to their sauce. Is this the secret ingredient I'm missing? I don't normally use ketchup (I use ketchup on meatloaf and that's it, and I haven't made meatloaf in years), so I don't want to buy it if it's not going to get me what I'm looking for. I've also heard of pulverizing dried shrimp and adding that to the sauce. Not sure if that's my secret ingredient? Just looking for the restaurant secret.

immfno7

immhj78

It could be the onions...finely chopped onions..almost half medium sized onion per portion.

The short answer is that pad thai sauce is traditionally just a handful of ingredients: tamarind paste + fish sauce + sugar (typically palm) + spice (if added to sauce rather than during cooking process). The longer answer involves considering overall preparation and techniques, of which I'm going to link two resources: 1. Leela Punyaratabandhu of SheSimmers wrote a comprehensive 5-part series which discusses individual ingredients of pad thai at length. This is the last post of the series (links to other parts can be found in it) 2. Over a decade ago, Pim Techamuanvivit wrote this guide. These days, she's no longer running her Chez Pim blog bc she opened SFO restaurants Kin Khao (earned her a Michelin star) and Nari This is likely what you're looking/aiming for. Also, I'm sharing both as reference bc the authors have different priorities on what they think is most important. So it's not One Singular Authentic Recipe, it's a matter of understanding the basics + adapting to personal preference. (FWIW, I tend to side closer to Pim in that a balanced sauce is more important to me than well-cooked noodles. But that's just what I like.)

xr9uhd

asksciencefiction_train

[Star Wars: RotS] the prequel trilogy is mostly about how anikin went from small innocent hopeful Jedi to grown and guilty Vader Sith lord. I love Revenge of the Sith but there’s one detail I didn’t understand… What was the point of killing the kids? Was he afraid that they would maybe grow up to be a success story to the Jedi council? Or maybe they would be chosen by palpetine to be ‘Vader 2.0’? I get that this is how anakin becomes Darth Vader and shit so we want to see him doing evil things and all, but really, there’s being evil and then there’s being *awful* evil. Did he do this just to be an evil ass or was there some rhyme or reason to this?

iqdn0vb

iqdi9mp

Palpatine sent Anakin to kill those kids. He didn't need any additional Sith Acolytes, he'd already picked out the Jedi most likely to fall and arranged for them to become the Inquisitors, so as far as he was concerned they were just more Jedi to wipe out. Furthermore forcing Anakin to do something truly horrible and unforgivable would reinforce that he had *no* choice but to remain a Sith for the rest of his life.

Part of it is the dark side itself is like steroids. It needs to be fed by evil to access its power. This act of mercilessly killing innocents is exactly the fuel needed to “save padme” and rule the universe. The issue always is, it is addictive and leads you to abandon the altruistic reason and fall into it pain, selfishness and cruelty.

nym0zn

askbaking_train

What's the best way to utilize having leftover cookies each week at a small business? Hey everyone! We have just recently started a business selling cookies at the local farmer's market. As we have been trying to gauge the numbers each week with a very fluctuating crowd, we find ourselves having a decent amount of cookies left each time. So, the question is what is the best way to utilize these extras? Currently we have using them as a bit of "marketing" in a way by just handing them out with our business name on the packaging. The other option has been donating them to the rescue mission, and getting a donation write off on it (and to give delicious af cookies to people who will enjoy them). Does anyone have any good suggestions on how to make money with these leftovers? We are a home based vendor so it has to be under certain food laws (basically not having to be refrigerated is the simplest understanding of it). Right now the idea is to make different pie crusts with the leftover cookies and butter. Then selling either the crusts or maybe some cookie/brownies baked on top. Any other ideas? Thanks so much in advance for anyone who has made it this far. Sorry for the long post!

h1n5bnx

h1lkwm0

At my bakery, we use leftover cookies in our granola. A previous bakery sold leftover cookie crumble as ice cream toppings. I love the pie crust idea too. Don’t discount your items. Donations to hungry folks are always appreciated. Edit: more to add below: I’m a professional baker who has recently started selling cookies from my home to pay Covid bills. Also, the bakery I work at does wholesale at a small market. When I’m baking at home, I package my cookies by dozen and half dozen as soon as they’re completely cool. I use poly bags and they stay fresh for 3-4 days. I will sell a batch for 2 days, then give away leftovers (or my family eats them). For work, we package up about half of our wholesale cookies in two-packs in poly bags. The other half are sent over unwrapped. When we have leftover cookies after a retail day, some of those will get packaged up in poly bags and sold at wholesale. The wrapping helps keep cookies soft and fresh, and we cut down on waste by being able to sell for a second day. Obviously this only works for items that maintain their quality on day 2.

Cookie pops

ukdi5x

askbaking_train

Is it possible to make bread pudding with completely dried bread? I cubed my day old bread and dried them out in the oven yesterday but didn’t have milk. So today revisiting my refrigerated bread it’s like 90% hard! Is it still possible to make bread pudding with them? Thanks.

i7oiato

i7ox4n0

Absolutely!

Make the custard part and keep the bread submerged in it until it's soft before baking.

pq8o9k

askengineers_train

I’ve been calculating something completely wrong for over a year at my job. My field is extremely niche so it’s kinda tough to explain exactly what I was doing wrong, we have a calculator we use for certain projects and there’s an input I have been putting into the calculator completely wrong. So, yeah. It apparently went completely over the heads of multiple people training me including my boss…..for over a year. I’ve been hammering out projects for a year plus and doing them wrong. Granted, the mistake I made was obviously not enough to cause a huge mistake. Then at that point I’m sure someone would call me out. The only reason I found out is because a senior engineer was looking over some of my work randomly and he said, “hey you got the wrong number here, it should be so and so”. I explained to the senior engineer and he laughed his ass off, we’re talking big booming laugh, and then he said “it would probably be a good idea to keep that to yourself” Probably dumb question…..Should I tell my boss? This is obviously my fault and I’m taking personal responsibility for sure, but at the same time, multiple people missed the oversight. I trained for maybe 6ish months before they took off my training wheels. So it’s not that severe, my main issue is I feel dumb as shit.

hd9zyoq

hda0fbk

If it's early enough and you can fix it so it makes zero impact, do so. If you can't, paint it red. "hey boss, you're not going to believe how big a mistake I made... But I'm already running the solution around with the other engineers"

check vs. review Remember, senior engineers usually "review" the output of whatever you are doing. If tasked, same-level engineers may/should check it. Checking is when someone double checks everything for errors (which would have caught this). When someone reviews it, they will look at the general process, but will assume that you know how to do the basic work. ​ Dont assume higher level oversight will catch all errors, they may they may not. It largely depends on your organization and what their role really is. Obviously, if there is an error, report it. Let someone else sweep it under the carpet or fix. Thats not for you to decide. Thats for management. remember the Challenger o-rings.

oe8nbi

askhr_train

[PA] Found out brand new employee hired for the same exact position will be making more than me. I have been with this company for 11 years, 2.5 years in this position. This new employee (who hasn't even started yet) has experience in the general field, but zero experience with this specific job. My manager is an absolute dope and accidentally forwarded the payroll form for her to me and a co-worker. This new employee will be making over $3 more an hour than I do. My question is who should I be speaking to about this? My direct manager won't have the authority to raise my wage that much and I don't think he'd be willing to out himself for making the mistake that he did. Should I reach out to my department head or go directly to HR? Any advice would be greatly appreciated.

h451pcx

h46kgrt

All you can do is ask your manager and be prepared for a no as the worst case. But I would see what my options are elsewhere. It’s pretty clear your wages are stagnant there compared to the market value.

Dude if they forwarded the email to you then it's on. You will get paid and if you don't you're gonna have to quit

z0mb7v

changemyview_train

CMV: The defining factor between left and rights wing ideologies is their view on hierarchies. I often see and here people talk about left vs. right wing politics and identify certain defining factors. Some people say right is individualist and left is collectivist, and in individual cases this may be true but as a defining rule it fails when you consider that both fascism and communism are collectivist. Some people say it's progressivism vs. traditionalism, but again there lie contradictions here. It's also just a really hard discussion to have seeing as what progress is is sorta subjective. **In my opinion, the key defining factor in identifying where an ideology falls on the "political spectrum" is it's view on hierarchies.** Leftist ideologies see social hierarchies as: Mostly unnatural, a cause of inequality, a way for bad people to maintain power, but almost never as a good thing. Right wing ideologies see social hierarches as: They either deny their existence, fight against them being destroyed, or promote them.

ix6cxpr

ix6da83

>Right wing ideologies see social hierarches as: They either deny their existence, fight against them being destroyed, or promote them. These are separate ideas. If you deny the existence of a hierarchy, that does not equate to support of it. The other two are explicit support.

It's kind of funny you're focused on social hierarchies i.e. progressivism vs. Social conservativism because the left/right dichotomy is specifically an economic spectrum with the furthest left position communism and furthest right however you envision pure capitalism. It originated in 18th century France where the supporters of the king sat to his right in the assembly and supporters of the revolution on the left.

m49gog

askbaking_train

Panna cotta has a noticeable gelatin taste. Is it normal? I made caramel panna cotta. The texture and taste is good but there’s a noticeable gelatin taste. It’s not strong but you can tell that there’s gelatin in it, if that makes sense. Is it normal or am I using too much? Here’s the recipe quantities I used: * 200ml heavy cream * 100ml milk * 45g sugar + 15g water * 3g of powdered Gelatin + 45g water

gquldv6

gqu6zqm

Go for gelatine sheet. Much milder taste than powdered category

I haven’t seen anyone mention this but maybe try using a bit of flavouring? Maybe a tiny bit of vanilla might help get rid of the gelatin flavour without being overpowering

21g2z4

askacademia_train

Can we please talk about the issue of international students and plagiarism? Part of this is arising from my own experience at the moment. I have a Chinese student who has previously been caught plagiarizing, was warned as well as informed about what is appropriate and what is not (I also gave them the chance to re-do the assignment for credit) and now I have caught them plagiarizing again. Then I realized that they copied their last three assignments directly from the internet. My question... or discussion prompt, I guess... is at what point does this just become unacceptable and lead to the student failing the course? I talked to a colleague and she kept saying "they don't understand why it's bad..." basically just telling me to build unique assignments for this student and to let it all slide because it's a cultural thing. I understand the cultural issues at play here, but I'm of the opinion that if you're in the US, you need to abide by their rules of academic honesty. This really shouldn't be a cultural norm that we let slide -- it negates the entire purpose of education!! Yes, I think we need to work with students, but if they are blatantly (as in, just straight copy and pasting from websites) plagiarizing, at what point do we say NO MORE? At what point can I fail this student for the entire course and feel like I'm not being culturally insensitive or unfair? Part of this particular situation is also a language issue. This is a third-year writing course and honestly this kid does not have the language skills to be here. That's pretty much beyond my control and I'm willing to work with people who need help, but that does not mean that I'm going to ignore the fact that they aren't learning anything and are breaking significant university ethical rules at the same time. My department hasn't been too helpful -- pretty much just said "you can fail him if you want". I emailed the chair but since it's break it'll be a bit before I hear back. I don't know what to do, honestly... I don't want to be insensitive, but I also don't want to give everything away for no reason. Any thoughts, opinions, or discussion would be very welcome. This seems like a massive issue that isn't being addressed very well -- this is obviously an extreme case, but I have 10 Chinese students in this class and 8 of them have been caught plagiarizing already this semester. The rest of them stopped after being caught the first time. Even knowing about their cultural approach, this blows my mind... (sorry for the rant.)

cgcs6k1

cgcowwr

I teach EFL in East Asia and have run into similar issues. Not with all students, but some. It's not, as far as my 12 years can tell, *encouraged* per se, but it does seem to be terribly common and not as frowned upon as a Western-indoctrinated teacher would expect. I can't tell you what you should do for failing/passing (although I would fail them on the assignments they copied), here's what I would do to help the student. Since language is an issue: * Bring them in and have a 1:1 with them. Give them an assessment in your office. Have them write a paragraph on a (simple) topic of your choosing. Give them no more than 30 minutes to complete it. If they can do it in under 5, have them expand it into an essay. Now you have a sample of their productive skill. * If they cannot write at the sentence or paragraph level, demonstrate how to use a piece of work as a sample for sentence structure/style while changing the details for themselves. Have them do a sample for you to show they understand what to do. Give them assignments based on developing this skill. This will help them with sentence structure and paragraph development, allowing them to share their ideas without needing to be a master of the nuts and bolts. This takes a lot of pressure off the student to develop the entirety of the piece, which they may not be able to do. * Show them how to paraphrase. This is a much higher level linguistic activity as they many not have the vocabulary and grammar basis to do so. You might never get to this level, but it's where you want to go next. * Call around and find out where your university's writing center is. Send the student there for extra help. Give the center explicit information about what the student is and is not capable of, and what your goals for the student are. * Find out if your school has a center for International Students. Call them and see if they can help. They may have facilities or resources. Alternatively, they probably know where to send students for ESL help. * Finally, consider what you're assessing. If the student knows they don't have the proficiency you require in the course, but you're assessing based on a certain quality critera, they may feel pressured to find material of that quality and copy it. Consider changing your assessment model to favor development over raw product (if that's possible). This will encourage the student to demonstrate getting better, and will give them space to not produce something perfect and maybe actually learn something. Emphasize failure as part of the process of development. Finally, I refer you to the ACTFL guidelines for proficiency standards for writing. This may be of assistance as you try to understand the progress of language acquisition, help you describe what the student can do, and where you can reasonably expect them to aim for their development in the near term.

I am a current 3rd year undergrad and have experienced this issue in my class. Now i have two students in my class for whom English is not their mother tongue, one has learnt to speak English very well and performs well, the other not so much. Now the latter has been caught by other classmates plagiarizing their work and no action has ever taken place due to this perception that he needs to be babied. He shows no remorse and must know he is doing it, i refuse to believe that this has not been noticed by our lecturing staff on at least one occasion. Compare this however to a situation about a month ago in which a classmate and I produce two maps of a very similar layout, his being a slight copy of mine (as he lost all of his GIS data). The consequence of this was that the both of us got a grilling and he was docked 1/3 of the marks i was awarded. From what i can see the issue seems to stem from the fact that some international students are babied and not treated with the same restrictions as a domestic student. Many do not need this attention as like the lady in my example, they are very competent. Others however seemingly take advantage. I very much agree with your sentiment that all students should be treated in the same way, however this i think is down to the upper echelons of the educational institutions to make a point of. Maybe there is bias towards letting these situations slip in favor of higher numbers of passing grades for the institution. EDIT: Spelling

gz0jjs

askhistorians_train

YOU Can Help to Answer Questions • The /r/AskHistorians Flair Application Thread XXI! Welcome flair applicants! This is the place to apply for a flair – the colored text you will have seen next to some user's names indicating their specialization. We are always looking for new flaired users, and if you think you have what it takes to join the panel of historians, you're in the right place! For examples of previous applications, and our current panel of historians, you can find the previous application thread here, and there is a list of active flaired users](/r/AskHistorians/wiki/flairedusers) on our wiki. **[Requirements for a flair** A flair in /r/AskHistorians indicates extensive, in-depth knowledge about an area of history *and* a proven track record of providing great answers in the subreddit. In applying for a flair, you are claiming to have: * **Expertise in an area of history**, typically from either degree-level academic experience or an equivalent amount of self-study. For more exploration of this, check out this thread. * The ability to **cite sources** from specialist literature for any claims you make within your area. * The ability to provide **high quality answers** in the subreddit in accordance with our rules. For a more in-depth look at how applications are analyzed, consult this helpful guide on our wiki explaining what an answer that demonstrates the above looks like. **How to apply** To apply for a flair, simply post in this thread. Your post needs to include: * Links to **3-5 comments** in /r/AskHistorians that show you meet the above requirements, and of which at least three were posted in the last six months. Answers linked in an application should go 'above and beyond' the base requirements of the rules here, and reflect the depth of your expertise. * The **text of your flair** and which category it belongs in (see the sidebar). Be as specific as possible as we prefer flair to reflect the exact area of your expertise as near as possible, but be aware there is a limit of 64 characters. One of the moderators will then either confirm your flair or, if the application doesn't adequately show you meet the requirements, explain what's missing. If you get rejected, don't despair! We're happy to give you advice and pointers on how to improve your portfolio for a future application. Plenty of panelists weren't approved the first time. If there's a backlog this may take a few days but we will try to get around to everyone as quickly as possible. **"I'm an Expert About Something But Never Have a Chance to Write About It!"** Some topics only come up once in a blue moon, but that doesn't mean you can't still get flair in it! There are a number of avenues to follow, many of which are dealt with in greater detail at the last section of this thread. **Expected Behavior** We invest a large amount of trust in the flaired members of /r/askhistorians, as they represent the subreddit when answering questions, participating in AMAs, and even in their participation across reddit as a whole. As such, we do take into account an applicant's user history reddit-wide when reviewing an application, and will reject applicants whose post history demonstrate bigotry, racism, or sexism. Such behavior is not tolerated in /r/askhistorians, and we do not tolerate it from our panelists in any capacity. We additionally reserve the right to revoke flair based on evidence of such behavior after the application process has been completed. /r/AskHistorians is a safe space for everyone, and those attitudes have no place here. **Quality Contributors** If you see an unflaired user consistently giving excellent answers, they can be nominated for a "Quality Contributor" flair. Just message the mods their username and some example comments which you believe meet the above criteria. **FAQ Finder** To apply for FAQ finder, we require demonstration of a consistent history of community involvement and linking to previous responses and the FAQ. We expect to see potential FAQ Finders be discerning in what they link to, ensuring that it is to threads which represent the current standards of the subreddit, and they do so in a polite and courteous manner, both to the 'Asker', and also by including a username ping of the original 'Answerer'. **Revoking Flair** Having a flair brings with it a greater expectation to abide by the subreddit's rules and maintain the high standard of discussion we all like to see here. The mods will revoke the flair of anybody who continually breaks the rules, fails to meet the standard for answers in their area of expertise, or violates the above mentioned expectations. Happily, we almost never have to do this. **Additional Resources** Before applying for flair, we encourage you to check out these resources to help you with the application process: * Our Rules Roundtable on 'Expertise' and the Flair Application Process * Our Wiki Guide on what makes a good application * The Previous Application Threads, to see what makes for successful - and not successful - applications. * The Sunday Digest, and Monthly Awards which can provide many examples of we are looking for regarding the caliber of flaired users.

g6ilb5a

g8kzuoz

It might be the case that I'm way, way to early in my engagement with the community to be applying for this, but since when has good sense and modesty ever stopped anyone? I'd like to apply for the flair of US Foreign Relations | Cold War I'd cite these threads in support: Our AskHistorians conference panel Q&A My responses to "Why, in the the WW2 post war period, did the USA undermine the UK, despite being close allies?" These related threads on "Do we know why, or have a probable theory, as to why Lee Harvey Oswald shot JFK?" and "In many media portrayels of time travel, saving JFK from being assassinated most often results in the United States engaging Russia in nuclear war soon thereafter. Is there any actual evidence that shows JFK and/or his administration would have pursued war if he had not been killed?" This thread on "Was the Cold War primarily ideological or geopolitical?" The thread "Forgive me if this question is too open, but was the Domino theory in anyway correct? Or was it purely Cold War propaganda?" However, please do feel free to tell me to sod off and apply again in a few months time when I've done more for the community! Malcolm

If possible I'd like to get an additional flair of "Constitutional Law", or "Constitutional Civil Rights" if it needs to be more specific. here are three recent posts: Circumstances that lead to constitutional amendments: https://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/j0h5hz/what_kinds_of_historical_circumstances_tend_to/ Partisan divides in the Supreme Court of the United States: https://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/j8p1tw/how_much_of_the_us_supreme_courts_history_was_as/g8kwjmq/ The Second Amendment and non-firearm weapons: https://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/iy0ss9/has_second_amendment_case_law_ever_considered/g6auixm/ Since it doesn't neatly fit into any of the flair categories, I'm going to just say 'History of Religion and Philosophy", since philosophy is probably the closest thing to jurisprudence in the available categories, because I do have some expertise in this field beyond the US. Alternatively it could be 'North American History', although I do have some expertise in constitutional law outside that area so I'm not 100% sure.

ccxszt

askculinary_train

Where to get whole vanilla beans? Can they be grown in Texas? Are they much better than the McCormick's you get at the supermarket? I've long been a big fan of Ina, she's my spirit animal. I've seen her video on making your own vanilla extract, and I would like to both try making my own using her method, as well as incorporate the seeds/specks into my desserts. Where on Earth can I get ”good” vanilla, like she asks? How long can it keep for?

etqbjma

etqbsqy

Beanilla.com has done me right in years past.

I remember seeing that episode and thinking, "Ina just used $300 worth of vanilla beans to make extract."

raa66x

askengineers_train

Are there Mechanical Engineering Jobs that don't use CAD design (like Solidworks or AutoCAD)? So I have recently taken a course in college called Engineering Graphics where we learned to use Solidoworks and AutoCAD. The teacher was absolutely terrible for the class and my experience here has made me want to avoid ever having to use AutoCAD or Solidworks again, if a career using them is going to be anything like I experienced in school. The teacher was awful at explaining how things worked and gave us very demanding assignments that sometimes we couldn't finish correctly. The tests were what were the worst. We were only given 50 minutes to design these ridiculously hard parts in AutoCAD and Solidworks and I never finished them on time. ​ I spent hours outside of class practicing the concepts and using the software but the class was still a ginormous nightmare. I did better in my math and problem solving classes and enjoyed them more than this class where we were learning a "technical" skill that is apparently "commonplace" in the engineering field. Sorry if this is coming off as ranting, I just need to get this off of my chest after my experience in here. I don't ever plan to touch Solidworks or AutoCAD again, but I would just like to know from fellow mechanical engineers, does your job require this software or anything related and do you know of any ME jobs that don't?

hnh0ewe

hngysen

Jobs that don’t require CAD: Mechanical analysis, structural (FEA) Mechanical analysis, thermal / flow (CFD) Controls GNC (sort of a subset of controls but also brings in dynamics) Test (material testing, component testing, system testing, flight testing, etc) There’s probably lots of other stuff in the HVAC / Energy / project realm of ME but this is strictly from my experience in the realm of aero / defense.

I see a lot of Revit on job qualifications nowadays

mddvtb

askculinary_train

Who uses curly parsley, when flat-leafed is as available, and why? Aside from the authenticity argument, under what circumstances would anyone choose curly parsley over flat-leafed? Is it just me who thinks flat-leafed is near universally superior? What dishes would you recommend to demonstrate curly parsely's worth?

gs8uy75

gs99vft

Tabbouleh is the obvious answer. Parsley is one of the main ingredients, and you need the texture of the curly parsley in it; flat parsley would make it, well, flat. Any time you want some texture curly parsley is a good addition. If I'm chopping finely, flat parsley is fine.

Wow I am learning in this thread that my passionate love of curly parsley is in the minority! I love the freshness and texture it gives to dishes; I put it on basically everything. I will try flat leaf out and see what I’ve been missing!

bnmag0

askhistorians_train

Can the mods flair posts when the question has an acceptable answer? Don't know if this metapost is allowed. But I think flair would be popular. It's so depressing to click on a great question with a lot of responses to see them all deleted and no answer.

en801t6

en7yr8k

I just want to say that I have no problem with the way this site is currently moderated. If I have to click on several all-deleted threads in order to see an interesting question brought up and answered, so be it. It's not a hardship. Thanks, mods.

It’s really depressing to see a question that’s really intriguing either never get answered or get all responses deleted.

vsnygu

asksciencefiction_train

[Monsters inc] so you’re telling me that an adult would NOT be scared shitless if Mike wazowski walked outta their closet door? Wouldn’t a grown ass man’s scream be louder and much more effective than a toddler’s?

if2ufw6

if39p97

It's not the loudness it's the strongness of the emotions associated. This is the reason why laughter is 10 times more powerful than screaming. Even laughter is not as loud as a scream. Children are way more in tune with their emotions therefore an adults screaming or even their laughter isn't worth the effort.

This is already explained. Seen what happens when Mike and Sully threw Randall through a random door? It wasn't pretty.

susqzg

askengineers_train

Do Engineers in the US actually use MatLab on a regular basis? I’m a Biomedical Engineering major in my 3rd year, and I’m getting really sick of having to use MATLab for things that I could do far easier on Excel or Python. I know it’s useful and all, but my university likes to tell us that it’s an industry standard and that engineers use it all the time. Is this true?

hxcl562

hxc55qi

I work in aerospace. We use MATLAB daily. I also use Python, Excel, and Bash (Linux) daily.

No, I never use MatLab.

fush1m

askscience_train

Question regarding using the blood plasma of recovered people to treat sick people: When the plasma is injected, is it just the antibodies in the donated plasma that attacks the virus, or does the body detect the antibodies and create more ?

fmf25r9

fmfk8z8

Antibodies attach themselves to proteins on the surfaces of cells, but don't actually attack anything. They act as markers for other cells like macrophages in the body to recognize "Hey that's the bad guy!" so the offending cells can be engulfed and destroyed. Viruses are not cells and are not technically "alive", so I'm not sure about that interaction. They may be able to attach to the protein coat on the outside of the virus but I'm not 100% on that!

The plasma contains anti-viral antibodies which were produced by the donor's immune response. These antibodies attach to surface proteins on the viral particles and serve to block the interaction between human cells and the viral surface proteins, thus inhibiting the ability of the virus to enter and infect cells. The body may actually react to the antibodies as foreign (since they are from another individual) resulting in serum sickness. Another thing to note is that antibodies can also serve as a homing marker for destruction by other immune cells. This is classically seen in a bacterial infection. The antibodies coat the bacteria (opsonization) and are then detected by white blood cells which eat (phagocytose) and destroy the bacteria. This process does not occur with a virus as it is far too small. In this case, the immunity is conferred trough functionally blocking viral entry into the human cell.

le432v

asksciencefiction_train

[MCU] Why didn't Wakanda protect Africa from colonization? I just don't get how such an advanced nation wouldn't help their neighbors against european colonization. And I don't buy their excuse that it was too risky to expose themselves. They had spies all over the world, so that risk was already there. I guess they didn't always have flying ships but that wasn't necessary to stop europeans. Just a couple of ww1 equivalent submarines would have been enough to stop the british empire. Just blow up their ships and if they insist, destroy every last port in the UK. Leave them no choice but swim out of their island if they don't give up. Same with the USA and all other world powers. Let it be known that trading slaves is suicide for any port city.

gm9r41d

gmak5ha

Same reason Dr. DOOM doesnt protect all of Europe, just his own people. Wakandians dont view themselves as Africans, rather Wakandians.

That is how I see it. One thing people don't seem to think about is how much the Wakandans are detached from the rest of Africa. Like, let's be honest! Black as an identity is an artificial concept imposes by Europeans and their descendants onto the African people's they enslaved. When captured and ship to the New World, they didn't see themselves as Black. They were Zulu, Igbo, Yoruba, Mandinga... They were far from kin, some even hated each other. They had nothing in common. Then, in the Americas, they gradually lost their heritage over the generations, always being lumped together as Black by the dominant society, until it became what they are. Then 19th century imperialism came up and all the peoples who didn't see themselves as similar in any way were all enslaved by Europeans. Over time, this led to a form of Pan-African identity (however thin) that allowed them to see each other as kin (to an extent). When US Black culture went mainstream, because of America's cultural imperialism and the attention given to the civil rights fight, this led to the creation of a notion of all Black people (in Africa, the Americas and the few in Europe) as kin (again, to an extent). Wakanda was not only never conquered, but it was not ever threatened, occupied or influence by Europeans (as even Ethiopia and Liberia were for a time). It never saw the other African peoples as brothers. Just like the concept of European or White people is artificial. The Wakandans were basically the Romans in relation to other European peoples of the time such as the Gauls and Germanics. The fact that we see them as the same European 'race' doesn't matter. They saw nothing in common between them. To an extent, I think this growing sentiment of kinship with other African peoples in Wakanda is, to a large extent, born from outside influence. Even the way they call White people 'colonizer' despite never having been colonized or even threatened by them seems to be born of the few outside influence they get. Not saying it is a bad thing. It is good that Wakanda becomes more involved in helping Africa and Black people worldwide, but that seems to be a fairly recent thing.

ym7yuz

askengineers_train

Climate Conscious Engineers: where do you work? Just wondering if there are any climate conscious engineers out there and what you do? Myself, a number of my colleagues and friends in engineering highlight climate and water scarcity as key issues moving forward, but work in industries doing little about it. Are you guys in similar situations, or have you found jobs working to help?

iv5rx0q

iv3tm93

Anyone who is interested in a climate-focused career should check out Climatebase.org! I now work for a climate change fighting startup and I found my job there. Lots of options for different types of engineers (though probably the most are in software) and a decent variety of locations.

I work in aerospace and my current assignment is demonstration and advancement of hybrid electric gas turbine propulsion. In the area of aircraft propulsion the reduction of emissions and fuel consumption is always the mission but the means is continually evolving.

qu9gbg

changemyview_train

CMV: Refusing to engage with someone who has different views to you is a sign that you don't know what you are talking about I am someone who really enjoys discussions and I can find myself on either side of an argument depending who I am talking to. I will often play the devils advocate, and if I'm talking to someone who is (for example) pro-choice, then I'll take the pro-life perspective, and viceversa. Because I do this so often, I encounter some people who will respond with anger/disappointment that I am even entertaining the views of the "opposite side". These discussions are usually the shortest ones and I find that I have to start treading more and more carefully up to the point that the other person doesn't want to discuss things any further. My assessment of this is that the person's refusal to engage is because they don't know how to respond to some of the counter-points/arguments and so they choose to ignore it, or attack the person rather than the argument. Also, since they have a tendancy to get angry/agitated, they never end up hearing the opposing arguments and, therefore, never really have a chance to properly understand where there might be flaws in their own ideas (i.e., they are in a bubble). The result is that they just end up dogmatically holding an idea in their mind. Whatsmore, they will justify becoming angry or ignoring others by saying that those "other ideas" are so obvisouly wrong that the person must be stupid/racist/ignorant etc. and thus not worth engaging with. This seems to be a self-serving tactic which strengthens the idea bubble even more.

hkou0vj

hkovzx0

I'll sympathize with you in that I love to challenge someone's beliefs or arguments, even if I truly agree with them. At the very least, I sharpen my own logic and tactics and I can refine my own worldview. However, I've met people who, through conversation, it becomes very apparent that they only want to argue; there is no resolution to be met, not even "agree to disagree". They want to be hostile, if you don't agree with them outright then you're morally/ethically wrong, etc. I simply have no interest to engage these people. What's the point? There's nothing to be gained other than some narcissistic stroking of their own ego and your own frustration. It's not that I feel that I can't defend my point against these people, it's that I can clearly see that my position has no audience in any respect. That's not even a conversation, it's an exercise in futility. Maybe I'm describing the people you are, but in my experience these people are usually the first to engage and then their ears immediately slam shut.

I am splitting this into two responses because I think these were different enough ideas to warrant it. I see similar views to yours quite often, that this comes down to a simple difference of opinion, that not being willing to engage with people who hold certain views means living in a bubble and not being willing to listen to anyone who disagrees. One of my first reactions to this is to ask if you truly, honestly, think there is no topic that's basically settled. If someone expresses support for white supremacy, unambiguously, is it worth it to talk to them? Specifically, what ideas of theirs are going to be worth thinking about? The ones where black people are thugs? The ones where white people shouldn't intermarry? But of course the world isn't so black and white, often white supremacists will deny being one, while still trying to make arguments that, while more benign on the surface, ultimately lead back to the ones from the previous paragraph. This is where I come to my second question: do you really think people haven't heard a lot of the arguments before? Like I personally have dealt with this most with regards to gender issues, specifically with mras. At this point, I've heard their arguments, heard what they have to say, and within a sentence or two know what route they are going to take to spread their bullshit. If I hear something truly new, I would stop and listen, even if I know someone who identifies as an mra is likely going to get back to saying bullshit, but frankly, I don't hear anything new. There comes a point where it is completely justified to accept that a certain group is going to continue to behave the way they have been. The third thing I want to point out is that just from the one example you list of topic, these conversations often involve things that cause serious harm to people. The anti-choice perspective hurts women, hurts babies (because the anti-choice side does not actually give a shit about people once they are born, as we can see simply by looking at what kind of government policies they put in place), while providing no actual upside (abortions don't go down, just safe ones). It's not surprising for people to be extremely upset about the topic. You mention racism in your final paragraph, and there too, racism literally denies the humanity of people. Of course people who face racism, especially systemic racism, will get upset if you take a pro-racism stance. Now you may want to come back to me by saying that people disagree with how I portray this, and that's true. The thing is, I have listened to both sides of this argument, and come to a conclusion. Listening to both sides, deciding that anti-choicers are hurting people with no other upside, and not finding any use to listening to the same arguments from them over and over isn't "dogmatically holding an idea." That's called "coming to a conclusion." The final thing I want to point out is related to, but slightly different from my second point: if someone isn't willing to articulate the why, isn't willing to walk through or isn't good at explaining all the lines of reasoning that get to the conclusion of "that's so obviously wrong that person must be stupid/racist/ignorant," does that actually mean they live in a bubble? I know I frequently have moments where someone says something and I realize they have just expressed an idea I wasn't able to. That is, the thought was already in my head, the reasoning there, but I couldn't figure out the right combination of words to properly express the idea. Does that mean I was wrong before I figured out how to express the idea? I....think that's pretty clearly wrong.

2bg385

askculinary_train

Can the KitchenAid ice cream churn attachment be used to make anything interesting that isn't ice cream? Or ice cream competitors such as custard or gelato.

cj55b9l

cj5gll8

I haven't tried this myself, but I'm told that margaritas come out nicely.

It makes great Frozen Yogurt. Dump some berries and honey/sweetener with some plain greek yogurt, add a splash of vanilla, and you have a great and not so terrible treat!

8im0kz

changemyview_train

CMV Children under 7 have no right to be in a fancy restaurant or bar, and these places have every right to ban them if they choose to do so. There seems to be a lot of controversy around this topic. - Recently, there have been some news floating around about various restaurants and bars that have been tired of young children disrupting the area (e.g, children screaming, running around, babies crying etc). I know that babies can't control much so it's up to parents to not being them to places such as fancy restaurants and bars where people pay not only for the food, but the experience as well. - Now, the opposite of the argument is that this is 'discrimination'. Some parents advocate that they teach thier children to be respectful. Also, on an episode of 'What would you do?' everyone seemed ok with the small child crying at the fancy restaurant. - So what's your view? As a parent, do you feel like you are being discriminated against or do you feel like this is not a problem to be worried about? As someone who isn't a parent? Do you feel like it's the right thing to ban children? Or do you not mind at all?

dystf2i

dysxdsp

Are you asking what our view is or inviting us to change yours? Because this sub is for changing *your* view and not soliciting other views that aren’t your own.

I've been in the service industry for 10+ years and the major issue with having children in a restaurant is the parents that allow them to run wild. If a parent doesn't understand how their child can get hurt running around a restaurant (broken glass, heavy plates, hot food and beverages) then the restaurant manager should be allowed to explain this to them and ask for their children stay seated.

kcu00q

asksciencefiction_train

[Star Wars] If Sidious hadn't been playing both sides, would the Republic and CIS have been able to come to a live and let live agreement?

gfsx0bi

gfswp69

I honestly feel like the negotiations would have failed even without Sidious’/Dooku’s interference. Sure, all those separatist council members said they’d consider Padme’s peace proposal before they met their untimely demise, but they were never the real power in the CIS, that distinction belongs to the mega-corporations and warlords like Grievous. Even if Dooku hadn’t handed down marching orders from Sidious, they probably would have sabotaged the talks of their own accord. Edit: auto correct/iPhone word suggestion did something weird with the text.

I think so. As far as I know the separatists just wanted to separate from the Republic, but it was the Sith influence that made them want to wipe out the Jedi. They probably would’ve just let them separate.

j6sqlc

asksciencefiction_train

[Ratatouille] What if Remy tried to enslave the human race? So we know that Remy is able to control Linguini by tugging on his strands of hair. What if his promise that he would help him be a chef was a ruse and his actual intention was for rats to conquer humanity? He could have rats crawl into Linguini's apron pockets and get Linguini alone with Colette and Skinner, whereupon he would use his control to throw rats at them so they would be controlled as well. The three of them would then go on to infect more people (customers, family members, etc.) with rat pilots who would do the same, causing an exponential increase in rat-controlled humans. Soon, all of Paris and then all of France would be controlled by rats, and at some point they wouldn't need to be subtle anymore and could just invade other countries and forcibly infect the citizens with rats. With rats outnumbering humans and being present almost everywhere humans are, it wouldn't be long before the entire human population is rat-controlled, except for bald people who would be outnumbered and forced into slavery. The rats would have access to our technology and could restrain humans when the pilots need to sleep and eat or they could take it in shifts so every human is always controlled by a rat.

g81glrv

g81matr

Well one problem with this is that rats don't significantly outnumber humans. While estimates on the rat population are difficult most estimates are around 1 rat per human (spread worldwide, local relative populations may differ). So if all of the rats are busy controlling enslaved humans that doesn't leave them time for procreating. If they take time off from enslaving humanity to have litters of rats that leaves a substantial portion of humans free at which point those humans can strike back.

I have nothing to contribute beyond what others said, but let me just say OP, I love your mind.

innqvu

askvet_train

General question about spaying cats and dogs I asked this on r/nostupidquestions and a lot of the answers I got were kind of questionable, so I wanted to ask here. To clarify, I'm 100% in favor of spaying and neutering and my cats are spayed and neutered. My question: Removing a human's ovaries often causes significant effects such as cardiac problems, cognitive issues, osteoporosis, and a reduced lifespan. However, based on some reading I've done, spaying cats and dogs doesn't cause similar effects, at least not to nearly the same extent. Does spaying cause similar effects in cats and dogs to what humans experience after oophorectomy and cat and dog owners are less aware of those effects? Or do cats and dogs not experience those effects from spaying? And if the latter is the case, what is different about their physiology from that of humans? Thank you!

g4ar86s

g4aq4da

Unfortunately there are very few vets who are also physicians, and vice versa, so there are few people who are experts in both. I would imagine that there is a big difference in the two because of how differently development works in people and cats and dogs. Cats and dogs mature far more quickly, and don't have menopause like humans. It is pretty reasonable to assume that there are big differences in how hormones affect us.

Cats and dogs may experience some side effects of spaying. The most common is obesity in both species and incontinence in bitches. There is also slight increase in incidence of cruciate ligament rupture, osteosarcoma, and some other cancers in spayed bitches. In saying all this, the benefits almost always outweigh the risks. Spayed bitches never have a pyrometra, or you know, puppies, and have a decreased incidence in other types cancers. Disclaimer: I’m a vet student so lots of textbook knowledge, but not a lot of real world knowledge.

jair5f

askbaking_train

King cake advice So I'm making a king cake for my friends birthday. (Long story short my bday is around Mardi Gras and usually get one for a birthday cake, she has always wanted one on her birthday but her birthday isn't "in season.") I've had several king cakes but have never made one. I found a few recipes but can't decipher which is more traditional. I do absolutely want to braid it, and I need info on a filling (if I do a filling.) There is this recipe that seems like a brioche type, which makes sense to me. And there is this other recipe that seems pretty legit as well, but I've never had a king cake with fruit in the bread...could I still use it and take the fruit out? Do either seem more authentic than the other, or do you guys have one you can recommend? My questions for filling is: if I add a lemon filling (her favorite) would it be a curd or something else? And would I fill it after baking? Or bake with the filling? Also if I go with a mix of lemon and cream cheese (my favorite) would that change whether I bake the filling in our fill after? Thanks in advance. All advice is appreciated.

g8qab43

g8q4bzc

I'm certified Louisiana cajun and definitely the first recipe looks more authentic. Most king cakes are traditionally brioche and don't have fruit (except for some have strawberry cream cheese filling). Cinnamon is the most traditional filling but cream cheese filling is also popular if you want to play around a little. King cake is good for experimenting because you can really use any filling. Last year I made some with a pecan praline filling that were good but I can't seem to find the recipe at the moment. So the first seems more traditional, but feel free to do whatever you want and it will still be in the spirit of things! Hope this helped

As a child we didn’t have anything in our king cakes, except for the baby...and the only thing on top was the colored sugar....best ones used to come from McKenzie Bakery

sz3yy5

askcarguys_train

I was just selling a car, and the check engine light flicked on for the first time ever when they buyer was plugging in an emmisions analyzer. Worst timing ever, or did they possibly turn the check engine light on manually some how? Probably a dumb question, but I just gotta ask. I have this car that I've been keeping in good condition the entire time I've owned it. at 150,000 miles I decided to sell it. They buyers asked "is the check engine light on?" they wanted to know before they started driving over to see it. Now, just to make super extra sure, I went and checked the car dashboard even though I have just driven it earlier, and knew the light was off. Yes the light was still off. So they drive over which took them an hour, I drive to the front gate, and the check engine light is still off. I park, turn the car off, and they come take a look. The buyer plugged in his little emissions device, flicked the car on, and boom check engine light is on. Of course I'm flushed, trying to explain that it was not on just a second ago, but I just looked like a fuckin liar lol. Hell, I wouldn't believe me. I really needed to sell the car, so they still made an offer and I sold it to them for a price way less than what I was shooting for. Anyways, looking back I'm thinking "sweet mother of God that was very inconvenient timing... Dare I say a little *too* inconvenient? 🤔" Idk, I don't know anything about cars, I just **gotta** ask.

hy38fy7

hy370wg

The light came on, but did the reader pick up any codes? If no, then it was the reader. If it did then you'd know what the car thought was wrong, which could be any of a large number of things. I'm not gonna say you got scammed, but you may want to work on your negotiating lol.

Get your own odb reader for $30, reset it, and try to get the code again. You got scammed.