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"Weekend Box Office: 'A Quiet Place' Scores Huge $19M Friday for $45M-Plus Debut\n\nElsewhere, the R-rated comedy 'Blockers' is on course for a $20 million opening, while Ted Kennedy scandal pic 'Chappaquiddick' is beating expectations.",
"\n\nParamount's A Quiet Place — a high-concept horror-thriller directed by John Krasinski that has virtually no dialogue — is booming at the North American box office, earning a huge $19 million from 3,508 theaters on Friday.",
"\n\nThe Platinum Dunes-produced movie is now on course to open to $45 million-plus, one of the best starts ever for a genre horror title and a needed win for Paramount. ",
"It's also the second-best debut of the year so far behind Black Panther. ",
"Friday's haul included a stellar $4.3 million in Thursday previews.",
"\n\nIn addition to directing duties, Krasinski also stars in A Quiet Place opposite real-life wife Emily Blunt, Millicent Simmonds and Noah Jupe. ",
"Heading into the weekend, A Quiet Place, rated PG-13, was tracking to open to $20 million-$25 million. ",
"Sporting a 97 percent Rotten Tomatoes score, the $17 million movie follows a family of four who must remain silent to ward off mysterious creatures that hunt by sound. ",
"It earned a B+ CinemaScore, a great grade for a horror film.",
"\n\nSteven Spielberg's Ready Player One is holding well in its second weekend. ",
"The film looks to drop less than 45 percent to an estimated $23 million from 4,234 locations for an 11-day domestic total of $95 million-plus.",
"\n\nReady Player One will come in second, followed by the latest R-rated comedy from Universal, Blockers.",
"\n\nBlockers grossed $7.4 million Friday from 3,379 cinemas for a projected $20 million debut. ",
"That's a solid showing considering the comedy slump that has derailed a number of titles the past two years.",
"\n\nHelmed by screenwriter Kay Cannon in her feature directorial debut, Blockers is a raunchy, coming-of-age tale about a group of teenagers determined to lose their virginity on prom night. ",
"The big hitch: Their parents learn of their plan. ",
"Leslie Mann, Ike Barinholtz and John Cena star alongside Kathryn Newton, Geraldine Indira Viswanathan and Gideon Adlon.",
"\n\nBoth Blockers and A Quiet Place staged their world premieres at the SXSW festival, as did Ready Player One. ",
"Blockers earned a B CinemaScore, and currently sports an 83 percent Rotten Tomatoes Score.",
"\n\nThe two other films opening nationwide this weekend — Ted Kennedy scandal pic Chappaquiddick and The Miracle Season — are headed for far more modest openings.",
"\n\nHowever, director John Curran's Chappaquiddick, recounting the 1969 car accident that forever damaged Kennedy's presidential aspirations, is doing better than expected. ",
"The movie grossed an estimated $1.8 million-plus on Friday from 1,560 theaters for a projected weekend debut of $5 million (tracking had showed Chappaquiddick coming in at $2 million-$4 million).",
"\n\nChappaquiddick — which is playing notable older, with 56 percent of ticket buyers over the age of 45, including 40 percent over 50 — stars Jason Clarke as Kennedy and Kate Mara as Mary Jo Kopechne, the young political aide who was left to drown after Kennedy drove his car off a tiny bridge in 1969.",
"\n\nThe film's Rotten Tomatoes score is currently 79 percent, while A Miracle Season's score is 36 percent. ",
"Chappaquiddick received a B CinemaScore, and Miracle Season, an A.\n\nThe Miracle Season, directed by Sean McNamara (Soul Surfer), tells the inspirational story of a Midwestern volleyball squad dealing with the death of their team leader. ",
"Helen Hunt, William Hurt, Erin Moriarty and Danika Yarosh star. ",
"The film grossed $1.4 million Friday for an estimated $4.1 million debut.",
"\n\nApril 6, 12:40 p.m. Updated with revised weekend estimates.",
"\n\nApril 7, 7;40 a.m. Updated with Friday grosses and revised weekend estimates."
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[
"Q:\n\nSet LD_LIBRARY_PATH or java.library.path for YARN / Hadoop2 Jobs\n\ni have a Hadoop FileSystem which is using native libraries with JNI.",
"\nApparently i have to include the shared object independently of the currently executed job. ",
"But i can't find a way to tell Hadoop/Yarn where it should look for the shared object.",
"\nI had partial success with the following solutions, while starting the wordcount example with yarn.",
"\n\nSetting export JAVA_LIBRARY_PATH=/path when starting the resource- and the nodemanager.",
"\nThis helps with with the resource and the nodemanager, but the actual Job/Application fails. ",
"Printing the LD_LIBRARY_PATH and the java.library.path while executing the wordcount example yield the following result. ",
"What \n/logs/userlogs/application_x/container_x_001/stdout\n...\njava.library.path : /tmp/hadoop-u/nm-local-dir/usercache/u/appcache/application_x/container_x_001:/usr/java/packages/lib/amd64:/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/jni:/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu:/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu:/usr/lib/jni:/lib:/usr/lib\nLD_LIBRARY_PATH : /tmp/hadoop-u/nm-local-dir/usercache/u/appcache/application_x/container_x\n\nSetting yarn.app.mapreduce.am.env=\"LD_LIBRARY_PATH=/path\" \nThis did help with some of the Jobs. ",
"The actual map/reduce job did work (at least i have the correct results), but the call did fail with the Error no jni-xtreemfs in java.library.path. ",
"\nSomehow the first application/job did work and shows\n /logs/userlogs/application_x/container_x_001/stdout\n...\njava.library.path : /tmp/hadoop-u/nm-local-dir/usercache/u/appcache/application_x/container_x_001:/path:/usr/java/packages/lib/amd64:/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/jni:/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu:/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu:/usr/lib/jni:/lib:/usr/lib\nLD_LIBRARY_PATH : /tmp/hadoop-u/nm-local-dir/usercache/u/appcache/application_x/container_x_001:/path\n\nBut the second and the rest did fail with:\n /logs/userlogs/application_x/container_x_002/stdout\n...\njava.library.path : /tmp/hadoop-u/nm-local-dir/usercache/u/appcache/application_x/container_x_002:/opt/hadoop-2.7.1/lib/native:/usr/java/packages/lib/amd64:/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/jni:/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu:/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu:/usr/lib/jni:/lib:/usr/lib\nLD_LIBRARY_PATH : /tmp/hadoop-u/nm-local-dir/usercache/u/appcache/application_x/container_x_002/opt/hadoop-2.7.1/lib/native\n\nThe stacktrace for the later shows, that the error occured while executing YarnChild:\n2015-08-03 15:24:03,851 FATAL [main] org.apache.hadoop.mapred.",
"YarnChild: Error running child : java.lang.",
"UnsatisfiedLinkError: no jni-xtreemfs in java.library.path\n at java.lang.",
"ClassLoader.loadLibrary(ClassLoader.java:1886)\n at java.lang.",
"Runtime.loadLibrary0(Runtime.java:849)\n at java.lang.",
"System.loadLibrary(System.java:1088)\n at org.xtreemfs.common.libxtreemfs.jni.",
"NativeHelper.loadLibrary(NativeHelper.java:54)\n at org.xtreemfs.common.libxtreemfs.jni.",
"NativeClient.<clinit>(NativeClient.java:41)\n at org.xtreemfs.common.libxtreemfs.",
"ClientFactory.createClient(ClientFactory.java:72)\n at org.xtreemfs.common.libxtreemfs.",
"ClientFactory.createClient(ClientFactory.java:51)\n at org.xtreemfs.common.clients.hadoop.",
"XtreemFSFileSystem.initialize(XtreemFSFileSystem.java:191)\n at org.apache.hadoop.fs.",
"FileSystem.createFileSystem(FileSystem.java:2653)\n at org.apache.hadoop.fs.",
"FileSystem.access$200(FileSystem.java:92)\n at org.apache.hadoop.fs.",
"FileSystem$Cache.getInternal(FileSystem.java:2687)\n at org.apache.hadoop.fs.",
"FileSystem$Cache.get(FileSystem.java:2669)\n at org.apache.hadoop.fs.",
"FileSystem.get(FileSystem.java:371)\n at org.apache.hadoop.fs.",
"FileSystem.get(FileSystem.java:170)\n at org.apache.hadoop.mapred.",
"YarnChild$2.run(YarnChild.java:163)\n at java.security.",
"AccessController.doPrivileged(Native Method)\n at javax.security.auth.",
"Subject.doAs(Subject.java:415)\n at org.apache.hadoop.security.",
"UserGroupInformation.doAs(UserGroupInformation.java:1657)\n at org.apache.hadoop.mapred.",
"YarnChild.main(YarnChild.java:158) \n\nSupply the libjni-xtreemfs.so via the commandline argument -files \nThis does work. ",
"I assume the .so is copied to the tmp directory. ",
"But this is no feasible solution, because it would require the users to supply the path to the .so on every call.",
"\n\nDoes anybody now how i can globally set the LD_LIBRARY_PATH or the java.library.path or can suggest which configuration options i did probably miss? ",
"I'd be very thankful!",
"\n\nA:\n\nShort Answer: in your mapred-site.xml put the following\n<property>\n<name>mapred.child.java.opts</name>\n<value>-Djava.library.path=$PATH_TO_NATIVE_LIBS</value>\n</property>\n\nExplanation:\nThe Job/Applications aren't executed by yarn rather than by a mapred (map/reduce) container, whoose configuration is controlled by the mapred-site.xml file. ",
"Specifying custom java parameters there causes that actual workers to spin with the correct path\n\n"
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[
"\n110 So.2d 566 (1959)\n237 La. 168\nMrs. Angela Marie Bonneval TODT\nv.\nMaurice L. TODT et al.",
"\nIn re: Maurice L. TODT and Gertrude V. Todt, applying for writs of certiorari, prohibition, and mandamus to the Civil District Court for the Parish of Orleans, State of Louisiana.",
"\nNo. ",
"44433.",
"\nSupreme Court of Louisiana.",
"\nMarch 26, 1959.",
"\nRehearing Denied April 27, 1959.",
"\n*567 Simon & Wicker; Oliver H. Dabezies; George E. Konrad, New Orleans, for relators.",
"\nRaoul Sere, H. M. Breckenridge, Frank Shea, New Orleans, for respondent.",
"\nHAMLIN, Justice.",
"\nRemedial writs were granted herein, under our supervisory jurisdiction (Article VII, Section 10, Louisiana Constitution of 1921, LSA), to review an order of the trial court refusing relators a trial by jury. ",
"The following chronological facts preceded and followed said order:\n July 26, 1955. ",
" Mrs. Angela Marie Bonneval Todt filed suit (No.",
"\n 339,552, Civil District Court) against her divorced\n husband, Maurice Todt, praying that a\n community settlement be set aside because of alleged\n false and fraudulent representations. ",
"She\n also prayed for other relief, as will be more fully\n set forth hereunder.",
"\n August 5, 1955: Preliminary injunction issued.",
"\n September 14, 1955: Mrs. Angela Marie Bonneval Todt instituted a\n second suit (No. ",
"340-436, Civil District Court),\n filed against her divorced husband's sister, Miss\n Gertrude V. Todt. ",
"She attacked both the community\n property settlement and the ownership\n of certain real estate standing and registered in\n the name of Gertrude V. Todt.",
"\n December 1, 1955: First case (No. ",
"339,552) placed on the call docket.",
"\n January 16, 1956: No. ",
"339,552 set for trialcontinued to February\n 6, 1956.",
"\n February 6, 1956: No. ",
"339,552 continued to February 27, 1956.",
"\n February 27, 1956: No. ",
"339,552 continued indefinitely.",
"\n May 29, 1956: No. ",
"339,552 set for trialcontinued to be reassigned.",
"\n July 11, 1956: Mrs. Cecile L. Bonneval Crowley, as Testamentary\n Executrix, substituted as party plaintiff in\n Nos. ",
"339,552 and 340-436Mrs. ",
"Angela Marie\n Bonneval Todt having died.",
"\n July 13, 1956: Nos. ",
"339,552 and 340-436 consolidated for trial.",
"\n August 31, 1956: Alleged legatees of Mrs. Angela Marie Bonneval\n Todt made parties plaintiff.",
"\n June 17, 1957: Consolidated cases set for trial on this date;\n trial continued until October 7, 1957.",
"\n July 2, 1958: Consolidated cases set for trial on this date;\n trial continued to October 20, 1958.",
"\n*568\n October 20, 1958: Consolidated cases fixed for trial on this date;\n upon motion of counsel, trial continued to be reassigned.",
"\n November 20, 1958: Defendants filed a supplemental answer and a\n prayer for trial by jury.",
"\n December 1, 1958: Prayer for a trial by jury denied.",
"\n December 12, 1958: Trial court refused to grant defendants a suspensive\n appeal from its ruling refusing them a\n trial by jury.",
"\n January 6, 1959: Consolidated cases set for trial on this date;\n upon motion of counsel continued until January\n 27, 1959.",
"\n January 7, 1959: Defendants applied for writs to the Supreme\n Court of Louisiana.",
"\n January 12, 1959: Writs granted by the Supreme Court.",
"\n January 27, 1959: Consolidated cases set for trial on this date;\n continued to be reassigned.",
"\nIn his reasons for denying relators a jury trial, the trial judge stated:\n\"This matter was called for trial sometime ago and because of the nature of the case, which involved an intricate accounting, I availed myself of the right granted by the Code of Practice and appointed an expert accountant to examine the affairs of the community and to report in writing to the Court, in the meantime continuing the case to be reassigned upon the conclusion of the audit. ",
"Instead of the auditor appointed by the Court making the audit, the parties agreed that each would select their own expert to examine the books and records, none of which was with the knowledge or approval of the Court, although the Court made no objection when it was called to its attention.",
"\n\"When Counsel for the plaintiff informed me that the account was ready, I refixed the case ex parte for further evidence and trial on December 15, 1958, following which the defendant filed his supplemental answer and prayer for trial by jury.",
"\n\"In view of the fact that the case was called for trial and an expert was appointed by me to examine the affairs of the community and the case was continued to await his report, I conclude that the case had already been opened and continued for further evidence, and that the supplemental petition and prayer for trial by jury at this time comes too late. ",
"The prayer for a trial by jury is therefore denied.\"",
"\nIn our approach to the questions herein presented, we feel constrained to first decide whether the consolidated cases were definitely on the trial list of court cases docketed for December 15, 1958. ",
"The above reasons of the trial judge state that by ex parte action he re-fixed the date of trial as December 15, 1958. ",
"However, the printed official docket of the Civil District Court reflects that on Monday, December 15, 1958, the trial judge was \"sitting in the Seventeenth Judicial District Court for the Parish of Lafourche.\" ",
"There is no mention of a transfer of the cases to another division of the Civil District Court; nor did the printed official docket list these consolidated cases as being fixed for trial on Monday, December 15, 1958. ",
"Under *569 the circumstances, we conclude that the ex parte action of the trial judge was neither confirmed nor followed by any affirmative act showing that December 15, 1958 was the date fixed for trial.",
"\nWe revert to the date of November 20, 1958these consolidated cases having previously been continued on October 20, 1958, to be reassigned. ",
"It is the contention of defendant relators that on November 20, 1958, when they filed their prayer for a trial by jury, the consolidated cases were in abeyance and had not been reassigned for trial on a definite date; and that, under Article 495, Louisiana Code of Practice, their prayer should have been granted.",
"\nIn answer to the rule to show cause why the instant writs should not be granted, the trial judge states that relators' prayer for a jury trial came too late for the reason \"* * * that the case had already been open for trial and continued to await the report of the expert, and continued and refixed again, after many delays, for October 20, 1958, before the application for a jury trial was made.\"",
"\nArticle 495 of the Louisiana Code of Practice provides:\n\"The defendant, in order to avail himself of the same privilege, must pray for a jury in his answer, or previous to the suit being set down for trial.",
"\n\"Nevertheless, if in his answer the defendant have only declined the jurisdiction of the court, without answering to the merits, he may, if the plea be overruled, pray for a jury in his answer to the merits.\"",
"\nWe must determine whether or not a case, set for trial, continued a number of times, and then continued to be reassigned, is set down for trial within the contemplation of Article 495 of the Louisiana Code of Practice, supra.",
"\nWe find that as early as 1847, in the case of Louisiana State Bank v. Duplessis, 2 La.Ann. ",
"651, an issue identical to that presented for our decision was considered. ",
"There, after issue joined, the defendant prayed for a trial by jury. ",
"In reversing the judgment of the trial court refusing to grant defendant's prayer, this Court stated:\n\"The Code of Practice, art. ",
"495, declares that the defendant, who wishes for a trial by jury, must pray for it in his answer, or previous to the suit being set down for trial. ",
"It appears that this cause had been set for trial several times, and had been continued without day. ",
"At the time that the prayer for a jury was made, it does not appear that the cause was then set down for trial. ",
"If this reason had existed, we should have sustained the refusal; but the mere fact that on former occasions the cause had been set for trial, was not a sufficient reason for rejecting the application. ",
"There is, we are informed, a difference of opinion among the district judges of New Orleans, on this point; but that which we have expressed we believe to be in accordance with the intention of the lawgiver. ",
"The object was, that when the cause stood assigned for a particular day on the trial list of court cases, the cause should not be delayed by interposing a prayer for a jury.\" (",
"Emphasis ours.)",
"\nIn the case of Gallagher v. Hebrew Congregation of Baton Rouge, 34 La.Ann. ",
"526, this Court remanded the cause for a trial by jury, holding that under the following facts the trial judge was incorrect in refusing the defendants' prayer for such a trial:\n\"* * * The original answer was filed on 25th July, 1881. ",
"The cause was assigned for trial for Thursday, 27th October, 1881, and reassigned for November 3d, for November 10th, and for November 16th, 1881. ",
"On this last day, plaintiff suggested the death of Mrs. Emiline Gallagher, one of the plaintiffs, and a motion was made and *570 allowed, that the natural tutor of her minor children be substituted as party plaintiff, and the case was continued until the next term of court. ",
"On the 6th of December, 1881, the cause was assigned for trial on the 10th of that month, then reassigned for 21st December, but was not then tried. ",
"At the January term 1882, defendants filed an amended answer, in which they claimed, as possessors in good faith, reimbursement for improvements made, and prayed for a jury. * * *\"",
"\nThe case of Taylor v. Shreveport Yellow Cabs, Inc., La.App., ",
"163 So. ",
"737, 739, construed the two above cases as follows:\n\n\"These two cases hold that if a case has been set for trial and continued without definite fixing of trial date, that a prayer for jury trial filed while this status exists is timely; * * *.\" (",
"Emphasis ours.)",
"\nCounsel for respondents ingeniously argues that the rule announced in the above cited jurisprudence should be interpreted to mean that after a case has been set for trial a jury trial can only be granted when the case is indefinitely postponed. ",
"He contends:\n\"On the other hand, continuing a case to be re-assigned in the near future, though it does not fix a definite date, produces a very different result than continuing it `indefinitely.' ",
"In such case, the matter does not return to the `Limbo' from which only a new Motion to set will, in due course, bring it forth, but is only temporarily held over in a preferential status to be specially fixed by the Judge on a convenient and, normally closer, date. ",
"In this instance, the re-setting was ordered less than a month after the continuance. ",
"Obviously, in such a situation, a prayer for jury trial will cause serious delay and should not be permitted.\"",
"\nWe do not agree with counsel's argument. ",
"Our interpretation of the law and prior jurisprudence is that if a case has been set for trial and continued without definite fixing of trial date, a prayer for jury trial filed while this status exists is timely.",
"\nThe case of Wheeless & Pratt v. Fisk, 28 La.Ann. ",
"731, in which a case was continued by preference, is not apposite. ",
"There we approved the following statement of the trial judge:\n\"* * * It is the settled rule of practice in this court that a continuance of a cause by preference means a continuance to a fixed day, viz.: ",
"to a day two weeks from the day from which it is continued. * * * ",
"It is also a settled practice of this court to refuse applications for jury after a case has been once fixed and continued by preference.\"",
"\nWe further stated:\n\"* * * The case having been set down for trial, the application for trial by jury was too late. ",
"C.P. 495.\"",
"\nA reference to the petition for remedial writs herein filed discloses that after the trial judge rendered his order refusing relators a trial by jury, they filed a motion for a suspensive appeal, which was denied. ",
"In their application for writs, relators prayed that the trial judge be ordered to show cause why the motion for a suspensive appeal from his order refusing them a trial by jury should not be granted. ",
"When rendering its order of January 12, 1959, directing the trial judge to grant petitioners' motion for a trial by jury or show cause why such motion should not be granted, this Court was of the opinion that, rather than delay this cause by considering whether petitioners were entitled to a suspensive appeal, the proper and expeditious method of disposing of this matter was to determine the issue of whether or not petitioners were entitled to have their causes tried before a jury.",
"\nIn the answer and opposition to the petition for writs and in a memorandum of *571 authorities filed herein, counsel for respondents have raised the point that the request or prayer for a jury trial was properly denied for the further reason that the character of the suits opposes their trial by a jury of laymen. ",
"We feel that this contention also deserves our deliberation. ",
"Under our supervisory jurisdiction (Article VII, Section 10, Louisiana Constitution of 1921), we may consider the contention and render a decision thereon.",
"\nHaving carefully reviewed the records of the Civil District Court in these consolidated cases, we find that the primary object and purpose of Case No. ",
"339,552 is to have declared null and set aside an act of sale dated December 22, 1954, by plaintiff to defendant, an act of community settlement between them dated December 21, 1954, and certain transfers of property and mortgages made by defendant to and in favor of his sister, Gertrude V. Todt. ",
"The petition contains allegations of fraud and lesion. ",
"In addition, plaintiff prays for an accounting and a partition.",
"\nWe also find that the primary object and purpose of Case No. ",
"340,436 is to have declared null and set aside certain transfers of property and mortgages made by defendant to and in favor of his sister, Gertrude V. Todt. ",
"This petition likewise contains allegations of fraud. ",
"In addition, plaintiff prays for an accounting.[1]\nThe allegations of fraud set forth in the petitions in both of the cases, supra, are serious. ",
"It is axiomatic that fraud vitiates all things, and the law furnishes a remedy against fraud, when exposed, whatever guise it may assume. ",
"Board of Com'rs of Orleans Levee Dist. ",
"v. Shushan, 197 La. 598, 2 So.2d 35. ",
"Our jurisprudence has been:\n\"* * * that the charge of fraud is a most serious one; that one who alleges fraud has the burden of establishing it by legal and convincing evidence since fraud is never presumed, and that to establish the fraud exceptionally strong proof must be adduced. * * * ",
"It has also been said that evidence showing that the fraud was probable or that the circumstances partook of a suspicious character is not sufficient, and that the fraud must be established by proof stronger than the mere preponderance of the evidence. * * *\" ",
"Sanders v. Sanders, 222 La. 233, 62 So. ",
"2d 284, 286.",
"\nSee, also, La Croix v. Recknagel, 230 La. 842, 89 So.2d 363. ",
"Realizing the grave condition of a litigant charged with fraud, our jurisprudence has held that if he so desires, he is entitled to a trial by jury. ",
"Questions of fraud are peculiarly within the province of the jury. ",
"Abat v. Segura, 6 Mart.",
",N.S., 237.",
"\n\"The prominent issue in this case is the question of fraud. ",
"It has been repeatedly decided by this court that it is peculiarly within the province of a jury to determine questions of fraud, and we think the judge erred in refusing a jury trial.\" ",
"Cormier v. Soye, 28 La.Ann. ",
"543.",
"\nThe right to trial by jury in civil cases is unqualifiedly recognized in all cases except those specifically excluded, i. e. \"all suits against makers and indorsers of promissory notes, drawers, indorsers and acceptors of bills of exchange, and generally all suits brought on unconditional obligations to pay a specific sum of money * * *,\" and even in those the parties are entitled to a jury trial if \"the defendant * * * make oath that his signature to said note, or other obligation, is not genuine, or that he expects to prove that the same had been obtained through fraud or error, or want or failure of consideration.\" ",
"Article *572 494, Code of Practice.[2] In addition to the exclusions listed in that article, a jury trial is denied in matters which are under the exclusive jurisdiction of a court of probate, Article 1036,[3] cases that are to be tried in a summary manner, Articles 756 and 757,[4] and in certain statutory actions for which the legislature has specifically prescribed the mode of proceeding, as e. g. workmen's compensation suits, expropriation suits, etc.",
"\nIn Palmer v. Palmer, Woolf & Gray, 183 La. 458, 164 So. ",
"245, cited by respondents, we held that the liquidation of a partnership is a summary proceeding and should not be tried before a jury. ",
"In reaching that conclusion, we also held that the action of partition in succession matters is a summary proceeding, citing Article 1328 of the LSA-Civil Code.[5] We further held that the judge before whom the action of partition is brought, is bound to pronounce thereon in a summary manner, citing Article 98,[6] defining summary proceedings, and Articles 756 and 757 of the Code of Practice. ",
"Cf. ",
"Bickham v. Pitts, 185 La. 930, 171 So. ",
"80.",
"\nAlthough we held in the case of Lea v. Orleans Parish School Board, 228 La. 987, 84 So.2d 610, 613, (also relied upon by respondents) that the district judge of a court of competent jurisdiction was the sole arbiter to re-examine an action of the Orleans Parish School Board, this decision was based solely on the specific provisions of the statute, the Teachers Tenure Law, which \"* * * by its terms, the vesting in a court of competent jurisdiction the right to conduct a full hearing to review the action of the school board, with the corresponding right to affirm or reverse the action of said board, necessarily indicates the legislative intent that a district judge of a court of competent jurisdiction would be the sole arbiter in the re-examination of the action taken by the school board and to thereby either reverse or affirm said action.\"",
"\nWe conclude that the question of the validity of the sale, settlement agreement, transfers and mortgages above referred to is one for a jury's determination and should, therefore, be tried before a jury.",
"\nIf the jury finds all or any of the contracts or agreements involved in the suits to be null and void, then any further proceedings with regard to an accounting and a partition would be matters of which a judge should be the sole arbiter. ",
"The demands for an accounting and a partition are merely *573 incidental to the main demand and will of necessity pass out of the picture in the event the jury should return a verdict adverse to plaintiff on the main demand.",
"\nFor the reasons assigned, the writs herein issued are made peremptory, and the case is remanded to the lower court for further proceedings according to law and consistent with the views herein expressed.",
"\nSIMON, J., recused.",
"\nNOTES\n[1] Gertrude V. Todt is not a party to Case No. ",
"339,552, and Maurice L. Todt is not a party to Case No. ",
"340,436 (see chronology, supra); it appears doubtful whether these cases can be consolidated for trial before the same jury without the consent of the parties, and this situation should be examined by the trial judge.",
"\n[2] \"The plaintiff who wishes for a jury must pray for the same, either in his original petition, or by a supplemental petition, which must be presented before the suit be set for trial; provided, that all suits against makers and indorsers of promissory notes, drawers, indorsers and acceptors of bills of exchange, and generally all suits brought on unconditional obligations to pay a specific sum of money, shall be tried without a jury, unless the defendant shall make oath that his signature to said note, or other obligation, is not genuine, or that he expects to prove that the same had been obtained through fraud or error, or want or failure of consideration, or in cases where the defendant in his answer may set up a plea of compensation or reconvention, and make oath to the truth of all the allegations in said plea or answer.\"",
"\n[3] \"All causes tried before a court of probate shall be decided without the intervention of a jury, even if the parties should wish for one.\"",
"\n[4] \"The cases which are to be decided in a summary manner shall not be set down on the ordinary docket of suits, but are decided on days fixed for the purpose, and in a speedy manner, conformably to such special rules as each court may establish on the subject.\" ",
"Art. ",
"756.",
"\n\n\"These cases are decided without the intervention of a jury, except in cases in which the right to hold or exercise a public office or franchise is involved.\" ",
"Art. ",
"757.",
"\n[5] \"The judge, before whom the action of partition is brought, is bound to pronounce thereon in a summary manner, by which is always meant with the least possible delay and in preference to the ordinary suits pending before him.\"",
"\n[6] \"They are summary when carried on with rapidity, and without the observance of the formalities required in ordinary cases, as when courts provide for the administration of vacant succession and the property of minors and absent heirs.\"",
"\n"
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"Willem Kroesbergen\n\nWillem Kroesbergen (born 1943 in The Netherlands) has been a harpsichord builder for over 40 years. ",
"His instruments have been used by many important soloists and ensembles, including Ton Koopman, Masaaki Suzuki and his Bach Collegium Japan and Reinhard Goebel's Musica Antiqua Köln. ",
"In 1991 he was awarded the Casper Hogenbijl Prize for his contribution to international early music. ",
"In 2007 he retired and moved to Cape Town in South Africa. ",
"After his retirement he did research on temperaments well known and in use during J.S. Bach's life.",
"\n\nReferences\n\nExternal links \nhttp://em.oxfordjournals.org/content/4/4/439.extract\nhttp://www.academia.edu/5210832/18th_Century_Quotes_on_J.S._Bachs_Temperament\nhttp://www.huygens-fokker.org/docs/Kroesbergen_Bach_Temperament.pdf\nhttps://www.academia.edu/4240290/18th_century_precursors_of_the_metronome (published for the first time in Dutch in Tijdschrift Oude Muziek in 1994 with co writer Jed Wentz)\nhttps://www.academia.edu/9189419/Blankenburg_Equal_or_unequal_temperament_during_J.S._Bach_s_life\n\nCategory:Living people\nCategory:1943 births\nCategory:People from Cape Town\nCategory:Harpsichord makers\nCategory:Dutch musical instrument makers"
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"A well made film can take you to places you've never been and challenge your view of the world, but sometimes you just want to sit on your couch and see some cars get blown up. ",
"Jalopnik readers have provided the ten movies with the most impressive automotive destruction.",
"\n\nWelcome back to Answers of the Day — our daily Jalopnik feature where we take the best ten responses from the previous day's Question of the Day and shine it up to show off. ",
"It's by you and for you, the Jalopnik readers.",
"\n\nIf you don't want to click through the gallery you can see the post in a single page right here.",
"\n\nRegister Now\n\nIn order to be able to post messages on the Chevy Spark Forum : Chevrolet Spark Forums forums, you must first register.",
"\nPlease enter your desired user name, your email address and other required details in the form below.",
"\n\nUser Name:\n\nPassword\n\nPlease enter a password for your user account. ",
"Note that passwords are case-sensitive."
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"Polizeipäsident Meyer: „Keinen Grund, Gefahrengebiete aufzulösen“. ",
"Dazu ein Kommentar.",
"\n\nvon Joachim Dreykluft\n\n15. ",
"Mai 2015, 15:23 Uhr\n\nDie Polizei in Hamburg besteht darauf, dass trotz des jüngsten Gerichtsurteils die Gefahrengebiete in der Hansestadt bestehen bleiben. „",
"Das Urteil ändert die Gesetzeslage nicht. ",
"Wir haben keinen Grund, die Gefahrengebiete aufzulösen, sagte Hamburgs Polizeipräsident Ralf Martin Meyer dem „Abendblatt“.",
"\n\nMehr zum Thema Klage vorm OVG : Hamburgs Gefahrengebiete sind verfassungswidrig\n\nSeit mehr als zehn Jahren gibt es in Hamburg dauerhafte Gefahrengebiete in St. Georg und auf St. Pauli. ",
"Laut Polizeigesetz kann die Polizei die Gebiete und die Bedingungen selbst festlegen. ",
"In den Gebiete sind Personenkontrollen ohne Anlass und Verdacht möglich. ",
"Eine Anwohnerin des Schanzenviertels hatte dagegen geklagt und recht bekommen. ",
"Sie war 2011 laut Hamburgischem Oberverwaltungsgericht zu unrecht mehrere Stunden lang festgehalten worden.",
"\n\nFormal hat der Hamburger Polizeichef damit recht. ",
"In seinem Urteil vom Mittwoch hatte das Oberverwaltungsgericht einer Klägerin zugestimmt, die gegen die bestehenden Gefahrengebiete geklagt hatte. ",
"Eine Revision ließen die Richter nicht zu. ",
"Allerdings ist das Urteil dennoch noch nicht rechtskräftig. ",
"Die Verwaltungsgerichtsordnung sieht in Paragraph 133 die Möglichkeit vor, gegen die Nichtzulassung der Revision Beschwerde einzulegen. „",
"Die Einlegung der Beschwerde hemmt die Rechtskraft des Urteils“, heißt es in Absatz 4. ",
"Die Beschwerde ist innerhalb eines Monats einzulegen, heißt es weiter. „",
"Unsere Juristen prüfen, ob wir gegen das Urteil vorgehen“, sagte Polizeichef Meyer.",
"\n\nDer Polizeipräsident weist außerdem darauf hin, dass aus seiner Sicht Verfassungsrichter das Hamburger Polizeigesetz für verfassungswidrig erklären müssten.",
"\n\nPolitisch sind die Gefahrengebiete in Hamburg auch innerhalb der Regierungskoalition umstritten. ",
"Während die SPD unter dem Ersten Bürgermeister Olaf Scholz die Regelungen wohl ohne OVG-Urteil nicht angefasst hätte, sind Teile der Grünen für ein schnelles Abschaffen.",
"\n\nEin Kommentar von Joachim Dreykluft\n\nOrdnungspolitiker und Sicherheitskräfte haben ein Lieblingsargument: Wer mehr Sicherheit will, muss Einschränkungen bei der Freiheit in Kauf nehmen.",
"\n\nDas Gegenteil ist der Fall: Nur wer frei ist, fühlt sich auch sicher. ",
"Wer in Hamburger Gefahrengebieten spazieren geht, muss damit rechnen, ohne Anlass kontrolliert und sogar festgenommen zu werden. ",
"Das ist das Gegenteil von Freiheit.",
"\n\nFalsch ist auch das Argument, dass Massenüberwachung zur Einschränkung, gar Aufklärung von Straftaten führt. ",
"Nachweisbar ist es zumindest nicht. ",
"Deshalb führen die Befürworter gerne an, sie führe zu einem erhöhten subjektiven Sicherheitsgefühl. ",
"Das ist Geschmackssache.",
"\n\nTatsache ist, dass das gezielte Ermitteln von Verdächtigen mit „normalen“ polizeilichen Mitteln wie gezielter Überwachung, Kontrolle von tatsächlich Verdächtigen und auch deren Festnahme und spätere Verurteilung tatsächlich zu mehr Sicherheit führt. ",
"Der Erfolg dieser Art von Polizeiarbeit, die Unverdächtige außen vor lässt, ist täglich massenhaft zu beobachten - auch in Hamburg.",
"\n\nEs bleibt der Verdacht, dass es der Hamburger Polizei nicht um Verbrechensbekämpfung und Sicherheit geht, sondern um das Festhalten an einer besonderen Macht, die ihr einst unter anderem vom unsäglichen Justizsenator Roger Kusch verliehen wurde. ",
"Schade, dasss sie dabei höchstrichterlich angemahnte Freiheit auf der Strecke zu lassen bereit ist."
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[
"Albert Edvard Wang\n\nAlbert Edvard Wang (1 September 1864 - 19 December 1930) was a Danish landscape painter.",
"\n\nHistory\nWang was born on 1 September 1864 in Horsens, the son of merchant Søren Monberg Wang and Ane Cathrine Borg. ",
"He completed an apprenticeship as a building painter in his home town in 1882 but aspired to become an artist. ",
"He therefore enrolled at the Artists' Independent Art Schools in Copenhagen where he studied under Peder Severin Jrøyer and Kristian Zahrtmann in 1886-1889.",
"\n\nCareer\n\nLandscape painting\nWang specialized in landscape painting and painted his way through most of Denmark, although the countryside between Horsens and Juelsminde and North Zealand feature most prominently in his work. ",
"He has also painted in Norway.",
"\n\nWang was represented on many exhibitions, including the Charlottenborg Spring Exhibitions between 1889 and 1911.",
"\n\nÅpstcards\nWang was one of Denmark's first artists to collaborate with publishers of postcards. ",
" They include a series of wide cartoons with romantic landscapes from most parts of Denmark. ",
"Most of the real postcards date from the period between 1898 and 1910 and were printed with the text \"Hilsen fra Danmark\" (\"Greetings from Denmark\").",
"\n\nPersonal life\nWang blev married Katrine Linca Jørgensen on 6 May 1892 in Copenhagen. ",
"They lived in Hellerup and also owned a summer house in Rågeleje from the early 1910s.",
"\n\nWang died on 19 December 1930 in Hellerup and is buried at the Cemetery of Holmen.",
"\n\nReferences\n\nExternal links\n Albert Wang at Kunstindeks Danmark\n\nCategory:19th-century Danish painters\nCategory:20th-century Danish painters\nCategory:Postcard artists\nCategory:People from Horsens Municipality\nCategory:Burials at the Cemetery of Holmen\nCategory:1864 births\nCategory:1930 deaths"
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"The present invention is directed to systems and methods for receiving information related to messaging threats, processing the information, and generating rules and policies in response to those threats. ",
"More specifically, without limitation, the present invention relates to computer-based systems and methods for responding to a range of threats to messaging systems including viruses, spam, worms, and other attacks on the server software.",
"\nThe Internet is a global network of connected computer networks. ",
"Over the last several years, the Internet has grown in significant measure. ",
"A large number of computers on the Internet provide information in various forms. ",
"Anyone with a computer connected to the Internet can potentially tap into this vast pool of information.",
"\nThe information available via the Internet encompasses information available via a variety of types of application layer information servers such as SMTP (simple mail transfer protocol), POP3 (Post Office Protocol), GOPHER (RFC 1436), WAIS, HTTP (Hypertext Transfer Protocol, RFC 2616) and FTP (file transfer protocol, RFC 1123).",
"\nOne of the most wide spread method of providing information over the Internet is via the World Wide Web (the Web). ",
"The Web consists of a subset of the computers connected to the Internet; the computers in this subset run Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP) servers (Web servers). ",
"Several extensions and modifications to HTTP have been proposed including, for example, an extension framework (RFC 2774 ) and authentication (RFC 2617). ",
"Information on the Internet can be accessed through the use of a Uniform Resource Identifier (URI, RFC 2396). ",
"A URI uniquely specifies the location a particular piece of information on the Internet. ",
"A URI will typically be composed of several components. ",
"The first component typically designates the protocol by which the address piece of information is accessed (e.g., HTTP, GOPHER, etc.). ",
"This first component is separated from the remainder of the URI by a colon (‘:’). ",
"The remainder of the URI will depend upon the protocol component. ",
"Typically, the remainder designates a computer on the Internet by name, or by IP number, as well as a more specific designation of the location of the resource on the designated computer. ",
"For instance, a typical URI for an HTTP resource might be:\nhttp://www.server.com/dir1/dir2/resource.htm\nwhere http is the protocol, www.server.com is the designated computer and /dir1/dir2/resource.htm designates the location of the resource on the designated eomputer. ",
"The term URI includes Uniform Resource Names (URN's) including URN's as defiend according to RFC 2141.Web servers host information in the form of Web pages; collectively the server and the information hosted are referred to as a Web site. ",
"A significant number of Web pages are encoded using the Hypertext Markup Language (HTML) although other encodings using eXtensible Markup Language (XML) or XHTML. ",
"The published specifications for these languages are incorporated by reference herein; such specifications are available from the World Wide Web Consortium and its Web site (http://www.w3c.org). ",
"Web pages in these formatting languages may include links to other Web pages on the same Web site or another. ",
"As will be known to those skilled in the art, Web pages may be generated dynamically by a server by integrating a variety of elements into a formatted page prior to transmission to a Web client. ",
"Web servers, and information servers of other types, await requests for the information from Internet clients.",
"\nClient software has evolved that allows users of computers connected to the Internet to access this information. ",
"Advanced clients such a Netscape's Navigator and Microsoft's Internet Explorer allow users to access software provided via a variety of information servers in a unified client environment. ",
"Typically, such client software is referred to as browser software.",
"\nElectronic mail (e-mail) is another wide spread application using the Internet. ",
"A variety of protocols are often used for e-mail transmission, delivery and processing including SMTP and POP3 as discussed above. ",
"These protocols refer, respectively, to standards for communicating e-mail messages between servers and for server-client communication related to e-mail messages. ",
"These protocols are defined respectively in particular RFC's (Request for Comments) promulgated by the IETF (Internet Engineering Task Force). ",
"The SMTP protocol is defined in RFC 821, and the POP3 protocol is defined in RFC 1939.)",
"\nSince the inception of these standards, various needs have evolved in the field of e-mail leading to the development of further standards including enhancements or additional protocols. ",
"For instance, various enhancements have evolved to the SMTP standards leading to the evolution of extended SMTP. ",
"Examples of extensions may be seen in (1) RFC 1869 that defines a framework for extending the SMTP service by defining a means whereby a server SMTP can inform a client SMTP as to the service extensions it supports and in (2) RFC 1891 that defines an extension to the SMTP service, which allows an SMTP client to specify (a) that delivery status notifications (DSNs) should be generated under certain conditions, (b) whether such notifications should return the contents of the message, and (c) additional information, to be returned with a DSN, that allows the sender to identify both the recipient(s) for which the DSN was issued, and the transaction in which the original message was sent.",
"\nIn addition, the IMAP protocol has evolved as an alternative to POP3 that supports more advanced interactions between e-mail servers and clients. ",
"This protocol is described in RFC 2060.",
"\nThe various standards discussed above by reference to particular RFC's are hereby incorporated by reference herein for all purposes. ",
"These RFC's are available to the public through the IETF and can be retrieved from its Web site (http://www.ietf.org/rfc.html). ",
"The specified protocols are not intended to be limited to the specific RFC's quoted herein above but are intended to include extensions and revisions thereto. ",
"Such extensions and/or revisions may or may not be encompassed by current and/or future RFC's.",
"\nA host of e-mail server and client products have been developed in order to foster e-mail communication over the Internet. ",
"E-mail server software includes such products as sendmail-based servers, Microsoft Exchange, Lotus Notes Server, and Novell Group Wise; sendmail-based servers refer to a number of variations of servers originally based upon the sendmail program developed for the UNIX operating systems. ",
"A large number of e-mail clients have also been developed that allow a user to retrieve and view e-mail messages from a server; example products include Microsoft Outlook, Microsoft Outlook Express, Netscape Messenger and Eudora. ",
"In addition, since e-mail servers, or e-mail servers in conjunction with a Web server, allow a Web browser to act as an e-mail client using the HTTP standard.",
"\nAs the Internet has become more widely used, it has also created new risks for corporations. ",
"Breaches of computer security by hackers and intruders and the potential for compromising sensitive corporate information are a very real and serious threat. ",
"Organizations have deployed some or all of the following security technologies to protect their networks from Internet attacks:\nFirewalls have been deployed at the perimeter of corporate networks. ",
"Firewalls act as gatekeepers and allow only authorized users to access a company network. ",
"Firewalls play an important role in controlling traffic into networks and are an important first step to provide Internet security.",
"\nIntrusion detector systems (IDS) are being deployed throughout corporate networks. ",
"While the firewall acts as a gatekeeper, IDS acts like a video camera. ",
"IDS monitor network traffic for suspicious patterns of activity, and issue alerts when that activity is detected. ",
"IDS proactively monitor your network 24 hours a day in order to identify intruders within a corporate or other local network.",
"\nFirewall and IDS technologies have helped corporations to protect their networks and defend their corporate information assets. ",
"However, as use of these devices has become widespread, hackers have adapted and are now shifting their point-of-attack from the network to Internet applications. ",
"The most vulnerable applications are those that require a direct “always-open” connection with the Internet such as web and e-mail. ",
"As a result, intruders are launching sophisticated attacks that target security holes within these applications.",
"\nMany corporations have installed a network firewall, as one measure in controlling the flow of traffic in and out of corporate computer networks, but when it comes to Internet application communications such as e-mail messages and Web requests and responses, corporations often allow employees to send and receive from or to anyone or anywhere inside or outside the company. ",
"That is done by opening a port, or hole in their firewall (typically, port 25 for e-mail and port 80 for Web), to allow the flow of traffic. ",
"Firewalls do not scrutinize traffic flowing through this port. ",
"This is similar to deploying a security guard at a company's entrance but allowing anyone who looks like a serviceman to enter the building. ",
"An intruder can pretend to be a serviceman, bypass the perimeter security, and compromise the serviced Internet application.",
"\nFIG. ",
"1 depicts a typical prior art server access architecture. ",
"With in a corporation's local network 190, a variety of computer systems may reside. ",
"These systems typically include application servers 120 such as Web servers and e-mail servers, user workstations running local clients 130 such as e-mail readers and Web browsers, and data storage devices 110 such as databases and network connected disks. ",
"These systems communicate with each other via a local communication network such as Ethernet 150. ",
"Firewall system 140 resides between the local communication network and Internet 160. ",
"Connected to the Internet 160 are a host of external servers 170 and external clients 180.",
"\nLocal clients 130 can access application servers 120 and shared data storage 110 via the local communication network. ",
"External clients 180 can access external application servers 170 via the Internet 160. ",
"In instances where a local server 120 or a local client 130 requires access to an external server 170 or where an external client 180 or an external server 170 requires access to a local server 120, electronic communications in the appropriate protocol for a given application server flow through “always open” ports of firewall system 140.",
"\nThe security risks do not stop there. ",
"After taking over the mall server, it is relatively easy for the intruder to use it as a launch pad to compromise other business servers and steal critical business information. ",
"This information may include financial data, sales projections, customer pipelines, contract negotiations, legal matters, and operational documents. ",
"This kind of hacker attack on servers can cause immeasurable and irreparable losses to a business.",
"\nIn the 1980's, viruses were spread mainly by floppy diskettes. ",
"In today's interconnected world, applications such as e-mail serve as a transport for easily and widely spreading viruses. ",
"Viruses such as “I Love You” use the technique exploited by distributed Denial of Service (DDoS) attackers to mass propagate. ",
"Once the “I Love You” is received, the recipient's Microsoft Outlook sends e-mails carrying viruses to everyone in the Outlook address book. ",
"The “I Love You” virus infected millions of computers within a short time of its release. ",
"Trojan horses, such as Code Red use this same technique to propagate themselves. ",
"Viruses and Trojan horses can cause significant lost productivity due to down time and the loss of crucial data.",
"\nThe Nimda worm simultaneously attacked both email and web applications. ",
"It propagated itself by creating and sending infectious email messages, infecting computers over the network and striking vulnerable Microsoft HS Web servers, deployed on Exchange mail servers to provide web mail.",
"\nMost e-mail and Web requests and responses are sent in plain text today, making it just as exposed as a postcard. ",
"This includes the e-mail message, its header, and its attachments, or in a Web context, a user name and password and/or cookie information in an HTTP request. ",
"In addition, when you dial into an Internet Service Provider (ISP) to send or receive e-mail messages, the user ID and a password are also sent in plain text, which can be snooped, copied, or altered. ",
"This can be done without leaving a trace, making it impossible to know whether a message has been compromised.",
"\nAs the Internet has become more widely used, it has also created new troubles for users. ",
"In particular, the amount of “spam” received by individual users has increased dramatically in the recent past. ",
"Spam, as used in this specification, refers to any communication receipt of which is either unsolicited or not desired by its recipient.",
"\nThe following are additional security risks caused by Internet applications: E-mail spamming consumes corporate resources and impacts productivity. ",
"Furthermore, spammers use a corporation's own mail servers for unauthorized email relay, making it appear as if the message is coming from that corporation. ",
" E-mail and Web abuse, such as sending and receiving inappropriate messages and Web pages, are creating liabilities for corporations. ",
"Corporations are increasingly facing litigation for sexual harassment or slander due to e-mail their employees have sent or received. ",
" Regulatory requirements such as the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA) and the Gramm-Leach-Bliley Act (regulating financial institutions) create liabilities for companies where confidential patient or client information may be exposed in e-mail and/or Web servers or communications including e-mails, Web pages and HTTP requests. ",
" \nUsing the “always open” port, a hacker can easily reach an appropriate Internet application server, exploit its vulnerabilities, and take over the server. ",
"This provides hackers easy access to information available to the server, often including sensitive and confidential information. ",
"The systems and methods according to the present invention provide enhanced security for communications involved with such Internet applications requiring an “always-open” connection.",
"\nAnti-spam systems in use today include fail-open systems in which all incoming messages are filtered for spam. ",
"In these systems, a message is considered not to be spam until some form of examination proves otherwise. ",
"A message is determined to be spam based on an identification technique. ",
"Operators of such systems continue to invest significant resources in efforts to reduce the number of legitimate messages that are misclassified as spam. ",
"The penalties for any misclassification are significant and therefore most systems are designed to be predisposed not to classify messages as spam.",
"\nOne such approach requires a user to explicitly list users from whom email is desirable. ",
"Such a list is one type of “whitelist”. ",
"There are currently two approaches for creating such a whitelist. ",
"In a desktop environment, an end-user can import an address book as the whitelist. ",
"This approach can become a burden when operated at a more central location such as the gateway of an organization. ",
"Therefore, some organizations only add a few entries to the whitelist as necessary. ",
"In that case, however, the full effect of whitelisting is not achieved. ",
"The present invention improves upon these systems by including a system that allows a more effective solution for whitelisting while requiring reduced manual effort by end-users or administrators. ",
"The present invention also allows a whitelist system to be strengthened by authenticating sender information.",
"\nOther systems in use today employ a fail-closed system in which a sender must prove its legitimacy. ",
"A common example of this type of system uses a challenge and response. ",
"Such a system blocks all messages from unknown senders and itself sends a confirmation message to the sender. ",
"The sender must respond to verify that it is a legitimate sender. ",
"If the sender responds, the sender is added to the whitelist. ",
"However, spammers can create tools to respond to the confirmation messages. ",
"Some confirmation messages are more advanced in an effort to require that a human send the response. ",
"The present invention is an improvement upon these systems. ",
"The present invention can reference information provided by users to determine who should be whitelisted rather than rely on the sender's confirmation. ",
"The systems and methods according to the present invention provide enhanced accuracy in the automated processing of electronic communications.",
"\nU.S. Pat. ",
"No. ",
"6,052,709, the disclosure of which is incorporated herein by this reference, assigned to Bright Light Technologies discloses a system for collecting spam messages so that rules can be created and sent to servers. ",
"The disclosed system includes the steps of data collection, rule creation, and distribution of rules to clients. ",
"The disclosed system is directed to a particular method of data collection for spam messages. ",
"No system or method for creating rules based on input data are disclosed. ",
"Nor does it disclose a systematic approach to generating rules. ",
"Furthermore, the disclosed system is limited to spam threats and only allows one type of input. ",
"The threat management center of the present invention is operative on all messaging threats including, but not limited to, spam, virus, worms, Trojans, intrusion attempts, etc. ",
"The threat management center of the present invention also includes novel approaches to the process of rule creation. ",
"Additionally, the present invention improves on the state of the art by providing a more generalized and useful data collection approach. ",
"The data collection system of the present invention includes modules that process input into data that can be used by the rule creation process. ",
"The present invention can also use feedback from application layer security servers as input to the rule creation process.",
"\nU.S. patent application Ser. ",
"No. ",
"10/154,137 (publication 2002/0199095 A1), the disclosure of which is incorporated herein by this reference, discloses a system for message filtering. ",
"The disclosed system allows spam messages to be forwarded to a database by users of the system. ",
"In contrast, the systems and methods of the present invention do not rely on the users; rather the messaging security system(s) can automatically determine spam using identification techniques and then forward the results to a database. ",
"The system of the present invention can add known spam messages as well as misclassified messages forwarded by users to the database to retrain the system. ",
"Systems known in the art require the forwarding of entire messages in the databases. ",
"In the present invention, individual messaging or application layer security systems can extract meaningful features from spam messages, threatening messages and/or non-spam/non-threatening messages and forward only relevant features to a database.",
"\nU.S. Pat. ",
"No. ",
"6,161,130, the disclosure of which is incorporated herein by this reference, discloses a technique for detecting “junk” email. ",
"The disclosed system is operative only on spam and not the entire class of messaging security threats. ",
"The inputs for the disclosed system are limited spam and non-spam e-mail. ",
"This patent discloses text analysis based features such as the tokens in a message. ",
"This patent discloses “predefined handcrafted distinction” but does not further disclose what they are or how these can be created. ",
"The system of the present invention can classify based on not only the text analysis but also other features of messages. ",
"Additionally, the system of the present invention can include fully automated feature extraction for non-text based features.",
"\nIn addition, known security systems have been developed to provide peer-to-peer communication of threat information. ",
"Such systems are typically designed for a ring of untrusted peers and therefore addresses trust management between the peers. ",
"Additionally, current peer-to-peer systems do not have a central entity. ",
"The system of the present invention operates between a set of trusted peers, therefore, trust management need not be addressed by the present invention. ",
"Further, a centralized threat management system coordinates threat information among multiple trusted application layer security systems communicating in a peer-to-peer manner. ",
"Therefore, the threat notification system can process more real-time data exchange. ",
"This makes the distributed IDS (intrusion detection system) more scalable.",
"\nIn addition, current systems only exchange instrusion alerts. ",
"These systems can only notify each other of attacks of which they are aware. ",
"While the underlying detection method could be misuse or anomaly detection, the data exchanged is only the detected attack information. ",
"The system of the present invention distributes more general information about traffic patterns as well as specific threat information. ",
"As a non-limiting example, if anomaly detection is used, the system of the present invention can exchange the underlying statistics instead of waiting for the statistics to indicate an attack. ",
"Exchanged statistics can include information about the frequency of certain attacks. ",
"Therefore, even if other systems already have a signature for a certain attack, the system of the present invention will notify them of an outbreak of this attack. ",
"Additionally, traffic patterns can be exchanged among peers and that information can be further processed by the other peers to infer a global view of traffic patterns. ",
"This information exchange can be similar to routing protocols that allow each node to infer a global view of the network topology."
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"Indiana Basketball Hall of Fame\n\nThe Indiana Basketball Hall of Fame is a sports museum and hall of fame in New Castle, Indiana. ",
"While it honors men and women associated with high school, college, and professional basketball in Indiana, an emphasis is placed on the athlete's high school career for induction.",
"\n\nHistory\nThe Indiana Basketball Hall of Fame was organized in 1962. ",
"The museum was in Indianapolis from 1970 to 1986; the present-day facility in New Castle opened in 1990.",
"\n\nIn addition to featuring its Hall of Fame inductees, the museum includes photographs, pennants, and displays of artifacts of champtionship teams and their schools.",
"\n\nInductees\nPlayers become eligible for induction into the Hall of Fame \"twenty-six years after they graduate from high school.\" ",
"The first women became eligible for induction following the 2000–2001 season. ",
"On March 1, 2002, Cinda Rice Brown became the first woman inducted onto the Hall of Fame.",
"\n\nThe Hall of Fame's website provides an official list of inductees.",
"\n\nSee also\nIndiana High School Boys Basketball Tournament\n\nReferences\n\nExternal links\n \n\nCategory:Basketball museums and halls of fame\nCategory:Basketball in Indiana\nCategory:High school basketball in the United States\nCategory:High school sports in Indiana\nCategory:College sports in Indiana\nCategory:Halls of fame in Indiana\nCategory:State sports halls of fame in the United States\nCategory:Sports museums in Indiana\nCategory:Museums in Henry County, Indiana\nCategory:New Castle, Indiana\nCategory:1962 establishments in Indiana\nCategory:Museums established in 1990"
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"[Reduced intensity of BuCy conditioning regimen for transplantation in the treatment of malignant hematologic diseases].",
"\nTo evaluate the use of a new reduced intensity of BuCy conditioning regimen for the treatment of malignant hematologic diseases in aged or intolerable patients receiving allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT) from the siblings. ",
"Twelve patients with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL, n = 4), acute myelogenous leukemia (AML-M(2), n = 2), chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML, n = 4), and myelodysplastic syndromes-refractory anemia with excess blasts (MDS-RAEB, n = 2) were intolerant of conventional myeloablative therapy because of age (older than 50 years) or having severe concurrent diseases. ",
"The median age was 49 years (range 42-64 years). ",
"Seven were males and five females. ",
"Two of the 12 patients were HLA one antigen-mismatched and the rest HLA identical with their donors. ",
"The low dosage conditioning regimen consisted of busulfan (2 mg.kg(-1).d(-1) for 3 days), Ara-C (2 g.m(-2).d(-1) for 1 or 2 times), cyclophosphamide (1.0 g.m(-2).d(-1) for 2 days) and anti-T-lymphocyte globulin (ATG 2.5 mg.kg(-1).d(-1) for 4 days, -5 - -2 day). ",
"Granulocyte colony-stimulating factor mobilized bone marrow and peripheral blood stem cells (PBSC) were harvested (1 patient using PBSC alone). ",
"All patients received cyclosporin A, short-term MTX and mycophenolate mofetil (MMF) for prophylaxis of acute graft-versus-host disease (aGVHD). ",
"DNA short tandem repeat (STR) sequence analysis, cytogenetics and molecular-biologic technique were used to analyze chimerism. ",
"All the patients were well tolerated the regimen, with no severe regimen related toxicity. ",
"In all the 12 patients, absolute neutrophil count > or = 0.5 x10(9)/L was achieved in 11 to 17 (median 15) days and platelet count > 20 x 10(9)/L in 10 to 23 (median 15) days after transplantation. ",
"Complete chimerism was achieved in 11 patients and 1 patient was in mixed chimerism at one month after HSCT. ",
"With a median follow-up of 14.5 (4.0-24.0) months, 7 of the 12 patients (58.0%) were alive and 5 (42.0%) of the 7 were disease-free. ",
"The probabilities of OS and DFS at 12 months were 75.0% and 48.1%. ",
"Five patients (41.6%) had aGVHD and four had local chronic GVHD with a cumulative probability of chronic GVHD of 41.5%. ",
"This reduced intensity conditioning regimen is well tolerated and safe for HSCT in the older patients or patients with severe concurrent medical conditions and can achieve full chimerism and long-term disease-free survival."
] | {
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"High-resolution solid-state 13C NMR study of free and metal-complexed macrocyclic antibiotic ionophores valinomycin, nonactin, and tetranactin: conformational elucidation in solid and solution by conformation-dependent 13C chemical shifts.",
"\nWe recorded high-resolution 13C NMR spectra of the macrocyclic antibiotic ionophores valinomycin, nonactin, and tetranactin in the solid state by the cross-polarization-magic angle spinning (CP-MAS) method, in order to gain insight into the use of conformation-dependent 13C chemical shifts as a convenient means to delineate a conformational change induced by metal ion complexation. ",
"The 13C peak splittings in the solid state are consistent with the symmetry properties of the ionophores as revealed by X-ray diffraction: C2 symmetry in free tetranactin and S4 or S6 symmetry for a variety of metal complexes of nonactin and tetranactin or the K+ complex of valinomycin, respectively. ",
"Interestingly, many of the 13C NMR peaks of carbons in the skeletal backbones were significantly displaced (up to 8 ppm). ",
"The displacements of the peaks were explained by a conformational change as characterized by variations of torsion angles. ",
"Accordingly, we were able to obtain conformational features of Na+ and Cs+ complexes of valinomycin, for which X-ray diffraction data are unavailable, on the basis of the displacements of the 13C NMR peaks. ",
"Further, we discuss conformational features of these complexes in chloroform solution, with reference to those observed in the solid state."
] | {
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"1. ",
"Field of the Invention\nThe present invention relates to a liquid coating apparatus, a liquid coating method and an image forming apparatus, and more particularly to liquid application technology which is suitable as a device for depositing a treatment liquid on a recording medium with the object of promoting aggregation of coloring material or the like, prior to ejecting ink droplets in an inkjet recording apparatus, and to an image forming apparatus which uses this technology.",
"\n2. ",
"Description of the Related Art\nIn order to achieve higher image quality for the printed image in the field of inkjet recording apparatuses, the use has recently become known of a liquid coating mechanism that applies a coating liquid (treatment liquid) that induces aggregation of the ink colorants on the surface of the printed medium; this application is carried out prior to the application of the inkjet image. ",
"A liquid coating mechanism is disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Publication No. ",
"2007-83180 that takes into account the coatability on target media (recording media) that have a relatively small size, e.g., sheet-form paper, as well as the prevention of liquid leakage due to changes in position during transport by the apparatus. ",
"This liquid coating mechanism is provided with a coating roller that rotates in contact with the recording medium and a liquid holding member that holds the coating liquid in a liquid holding space that is formed with the roller surface by abutment with the circumference (coating surface) of the coating roller.",
"\nThe liquid coating apparatus described in Japanese Patent Application Publication No. ",
"2007-83180 has a structure in which, through rotation of the coating roller, coating liquid is transferred onto the recording medium from the coating medium while coating liquid is also fed to the coating surface of the coating roller from the liquid holding space.",
"\nHowever, in the liquid coating apparatus disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Publication No. ",
"2007-83180, the coating surface of the roller comes into direct contact with the backup roller (the backup roller is positioned on the back surface of the paper sheet) between one paper sheet and the ensuing paper sheet, which results in contamination of the apparatus and in extreme cases produces leakage by the liquid and may also result in contamination of the back surface of the paper sheet by retransfer of the treatment liquid from the backup roller.",
"\nIn addition, while the formation of a liquid puddle (known as a bead) between a medium (sheet-form paper) and a coating roller enables the elaboration of a uniform coating at a prescribed film thickness in a coating step that uses a coating roller, this liquid bead is unstable in the case of the leading edge region of intermittently fed paper sheet, making uniform coating quite problematic."
] | {
"pile_set_name": "USPTO Backgrounds"
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[
"Argatroban inhibits intraocular fibrin formation after vitrectomy in rabbits.",
"\nTo examine whether the specific thrombin inhibitor argatroban can prevent anterior chamber, pupillary area, and anterior vitreous fibrin formation after vitrectomy and lensectomy in rabbits. ",
"Argatroban was infused into the vitreous cavities of Japanese albino rabbits for 5 minutes after pars plana vitrectomy and lensectomy. ",
"Slitlamp microscopy and indirect ophthalmoscopy were performed at postoperative hours 0.5, 1, 2, 3, and 6, and at postoperative days 1, 2, 3, and 7, and the amounts of fibrin formation in the anterior chamber, pupillary area, and anterior vitreous were scored from grade 0 to 4. ",
"Argatroban prevented fibrin formation from 0.5 hours postoperatively in a dose-dependent manner. ",
"In the eyes treated with 0.01% argatroban, the median score for postoperative fibrin formation was significantly less than that in control eyes between hours 1 and 3 (hour 1, P =.02; hour 2, P =.005; and hour 3, P =.003); the eyes treated with 0.003% argatroban also had significantly less fibrin than control eyes between 1 and 2 hours (hour 1, P =.005; hour 2, P =.03). ",
"These results indicate that argatroban inhibits intraocular fibrin formation in an experimental rabbit model. ",
"Argatroban may be useful clinically in cases that often produce fibrin postoperatively, such as proliferative vitreoretinopathy and proliferative diabetic retinopathy."
] | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Abstracts"
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[
"Q:\n\nFIND MAXIMUM DEPTNO USING FUNCTION\n\nUsing PLSQL I have to find the max DEPTNO from DEPT TABLE using Functions AND This Function will return the max deptno from DEPT TABLE when called.",
"\nMY PROBLEM IS HOW can I do this without leaving the arguments EMPTY.",
"\nMy task is this: create a PL/SQL function that will return the greatest (maximum) deptno from the dept table when called. ",
"Name this function as f_find_maxdept. ",
"Write an anonymous block to test this function.",
"\nMy code:\nCREATE OR REPLACE FUNCTION f_find_maxdept()return number is \nmax_deptno dept.deptno%TYPE;\nbegin\n select max(deptno) into max_dept from dept;\n return max_dept;\nend f_find_maxdept;\n\nA:\n\nIf your function requires no parameters then you should omit the parentheses\nCREATE OR REPLACE FUNCTION f_find_maxdept return number ...\n\n"
] | {
"pile_set_name": "StackExchange"
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[
"Warranty\n\nManufacturer\n\nRated 1 out of\n5 by\nlikesdogs from\nbad heel problemsThe heel strikes the middle of arch from the inside\n\nDate published: 2018-02-04\n\nRated 4 out of\n5 by\nLargeMan from\nFit like slipppersI have a tough time finding shoes/boots that fit but these one are pretty comfortable. ",
"Greased them up and and wore them for 4 hours the other day and could not have been happier. ",
"Great valve for the price and recommend anyone who has issues finding boots to fit, give them a try you won't be disappointed!",
"\n\nDate published: 2018-01-28\n\nRated 5 out of\n5 by\nHarleyFreak from\nHigh Quality, Comfortable, Durability and Style!I’m 5’7” and this boot got me flat footed on my FLHXS. ",
"Could not be happier with the quality, style and durability.",
"\nThe zipper makes it so easy to put on and take off.",
"\nI love these boots! ",
"I hope H-D never stops making them! ",
"They’ll be my next pair too.",
"\nAlso they are not just for vertically challenged riders. ",
"I see guys 6’ wearing them. ",
"These boots are noticeably good looking.",
"\n\nDate published: 2017-11-12\n\nRated 5 out of\n5 by\nLadyBrook3 from\nBest riding boots out thereThese are without a doubt the best riding boots out there. ",
"Great ankle and toe protection, hard wearing, long lasting, and let's face it, they have the classic Harley Biker look.",
"\n\nI just bought these boots at a Harley store and don't see the removable cushion socks\n\nIf they are missing the removable cushion sock...how can I get them?",
"\n\nAsked by: mkl7993\n\nHey mkl7993,\nThe removable full length cushion sock lining, is the interior liner itself. ",
"If the boot came with absolutely no lining, then that would fall under warranty and the boots should be returned.",
"\n\nAnswered by: Rockstar883\n\nDate published: 2016-06-06\n\nWill All Sizes Be Back In Stock?",
"\n\nHow can I get a pair of these in size 7 without calling every store in my area ? ",
"Did you (HD.com) ever stock them in size 7?",
"\n\nAsked by: HarleyFreak\n\nHey HarleyFreak,\nWe'll have some size 7s in within the next few weeks, so keep your eyes on the site.",
"\n\nAnswered by: Rockstar883\n\nDate published: 2017-11-12\n\nThis question is for Harley Davidson. ",
"When will you start making the Tyson in the wide sizes?",
"\n\nI have already tried the boot on(size 8) in the Harley Davidson store and the boot is too narrow. ",
"So, seeing how this boot is extremely popular how about making it in the wide sizes for the rest of us and make the boot even more popular.",
"\nWhat I like about the boot is the aggressive tread pattern, zippered, above ankle, platform height on the tread, and reflective strip.",
"\nHarley Davidson looking forward to your answer.",
"\n\nAsked by: Jamie\n\nHey Jamie,\nIf you have a general suggestion for new or improved products or services that is not patented or subject to a patent application (such as, 'make the mirrors more radical,' 'offer a pink motorcycle,' etc.), ",
"then email H-DIdeaSubmissionsSuggestion@harley-davidson.com.",
"\nMake sure to include your full name, address, email address, phone number and a complete description of your suggestion/request.",
"\nGeneral suggestions are accepted exclusively by email. ",
"Your suggestion will be routed to a Harley-Davidson Motor Company employee.",
"\n\nAnswered by: Rockstar883\n\nDate published: 2015-11-24\n\nWhen will you move the Tyson progressively forward to include wide sizes. ",
"The Tyson boot is an extremely popular boot.",
"\n\nThis boot is highly popular. ",
"I can't believe it does not come in wide sizes. ",
"Are you afraid that you'll never sell another wide boot if you make this one in wide style.",
"\n\nAsked by: Jamie\n\nJamie,\nI bought a pair of the Tysons in a 10 1/2, My normal work boot I is a 10 EE and is a logger also, I have not had a problem with the Tyson boot being too narrow by going up a half size, this may work for you also unless your foot is really wide.",
"\n\nAnswered by: blaksmth\n\nDate published: 2016-01-23\n\nWhat width are they? ",
"I have wide feet.",
"\n\nAsked by: dringge\n\nHi dringge,\nThese are a standard width. ",
"They are not offered in wide. ",
"Here are the part numbers for the performance riding boots that we do offer in wide:\n98732-15VM\n98608-14VM\n98617-14VM\n98601-14VM\n98613-14VM\n98607-14VM\nHope this helps. ",
"Thank you!",
"\n\nPrices listed are generally the Manufacturer's Suggested Retail Price (MSRP), excluding taxes and shipping. ",
"Prices at local dealerships may vary. ",
"All online orders will be fulfilled and shipped by Harley-Davidson Motor Company as the agent for the Selling Dealer.",
"\n\nSign in below or continue as a Guest. ",
"If you just created a new Account,you'll receive a confirmation email shortly"
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"Host antimicrobial defence peptides in human disease.",
"\nAntimicrobial peptides or host defence peptides are endogenous peptide antibiotics, which have been confirmed as an essential part of the immune system. ",
"Apart from direct killing of bacteria, a role for the peptides in antiviral and immunomodulatory functions has recently been claimed. ",
"In this chapter we have focused on the host contact with microbes, where these host defence peptides are key players. ",
"The interplay with commensals and pathogens in relation to antimicrobial peptide expression is discussed, with specific emphasis on the respiratory and the alimentary systems. ",
"A possible novel difference in epithelial interactions between commensals and pathogens is considered in relation to disease."
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"Robert \"LaVoy\" Finicum, 54, was killed Jan. 26 as law enforcement officers tried to arrest him along with other key figures in the takeover of the Malheur National Wildlife Refuge.",
"\n\nThe investigation found that the shots fired by Oregon State Police were justified and necessary. ",
"Eight shots were fired, six by the Oregon State Police. ",
"Two shots were fired be an FBI agent.",
"\n\nOn Tuesday, officials announced the results of their investigation. ",
"The Oregonian/ OregonLive has full coverage:\n\nWatch the live coverage of the LaVoy Finicum shooting investigation news conference in Bend\n\nYou have questions about the LaVoy Finicum shooting, we have answers: Reporter Les Zaitz answers reader questions submitted via Twitter.",
"\n\nFBI agents are under investigation for possible misconduct in LaVoy Finicum shooting: An FBI agent is suspected of lying about firing twice at Finicum and may have gotten help from four other FBI agents in covering up later, authorities revealed Tuesday.",
"\n\nThe bullets didn't hit Finicum and didn't contribute to his death, but now all five unnamed agents, part of an elite national unit, are under criminal investigation by the U.S. Justice Department. ",
"Inspector General Michael Horowitz is leading the independent inquiry.",
"\n\nInvestigation of FBI agents involved in LaVoy Finicum shooting shocks justice community: Tuesday's announcement that a member of the FBI's elite Hostage Rescue Team allegedly failed to disclose two gunshots fired at Robert \"LaVoy\" Finicum seemed inconceivable to former FBI agents and criminal justice experts.",
"\n\nLaVoy Finicum's widow disputes police findings, says husband's shooting was 'assassination': The widow of Robert LaVoy Finicum said police presented only \"selective evidence\" in the Arizona rancher's shooting death, and that the family will seek justice in court. \"",
"I can hardly believe that a team of qualified law officers could look at the facts in this case and say that no criminal laws were violated,\" she said in a prepared statement.",
"\n\nLaVoy Finicum supporters unpersuaded by official account of shooting: It came as no surprise to supporters of the occupiers of the Malheur National Wildlife Refuge that law enforcement officials determined that his fatal shooting by Oregon State Police troopers was justified.",
"\n\nIn the words of the Twitter feed maintained by the family of patriot movement icon and Nevada rancher Cliven Bundy: \"Government terrorists have investigated themselves and found that they did nothing wrong.\"",
"\n\nLaVoy Finicum shooting: Takeaways from the news conference in BendThe two biggest takeaways: Oregon State Police troopers were justified in firing on and killing Finicum, and police and sheriff's deputies still don't know exactly who's responsible for two stray shots linked to the FBI during the confrontation.",
"\n\nLaVoy Finicum shooting focuses on deadly force laws: The state law on police use of deadly force follows a U.S. Supreme Court ruling, Graham v. Connor. ",
"In it, the court said a justified shooting should be based on whether officers' actions are \"objectively reasonable\" under the circumstances confronting them without regard to underlying intent or motivation.",
"\n\nIdentities of cops who shot LaVoy Finicum should be released \"in due course,\" Gov. Kate Brown said: A bill, House Bill 4087, would have let a judge shield the names of police officers for 90 days if officers face credible and imminent threats to their lives. ",
"It passed the House 55-3 but didn't make it out of the Senate before the Legislature adjourned last week.",
"\n\nReaction to the investigation of the shooting of LaVoy Finicum: Oregon Gov. Kate Brown and Sen. Ron Wyden said the questions raised by the investigation regarding the conduct of the FBI are troubling and require answers.",
"\n\nAnd, finally, how we got here:"
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"Terms and Conditions\n\nGENERAL & ADDITIONAL TERMS & CONDITIONS OF SALE\n\nAny statutory consumer rights enjoyed by you are not affected in any way by these terms and conditions of sale.",
"\n\nINTRODUCTION\n\na. These terms & conditions will apply when you place your order with us. ",
"By placing an order through our website, you confirm that you have read, understood and agree to these terms & conditions. ",
"If you do not agree to these terms & conditions in their entirety, you must not order any product or service through the website.",
"\n\nb. In these terms & conditions:\n\n‘we’, ‘us’ or ‘our’ means Cornflowersgiftshop.co.uk\n\n‘goods’ or ‘products’ means the goods confirmed in our email confirming the shipping of your order\n\n‘order’ means your order made by you, using this website, to purchase goods from us\n\n‘you’ or ‘your’ means you, the user of this website and/or the purchaser of the goods\n\nc. Before you place your order, we reserve the right to change these terms and conditions at any time. ",
"Any such changes will take effect when posted on this website and it is your responsibility to read these terms and conditions on each occasion you use this website.",
"\n\nd. Please print these terms and conditions and any email we send you for future reference.",
"\n\nGENERAL TERMS & CONDITIONS OF SALE\n\n1. ",
"SPECIFICATION OF GOODS\n\n1.1 All sizes and measurements stated by us in relation to the goods are approximate only. ",
"1.2 We are unable to guarantee that the materials in the goods delivered to you: a) accurately reflect the colours displayed on this website, due to variations in light and colour between different computer monitors; b) will be the same from one item to another in the case of matching sets, due to slight variations in dye lots.",
"\n\n2 PRICE AND PAYMENT\n\n2.1 The price you pay is the price displayed on this website at the time we receive your order. ",
"Any price displayed on this website shall be subject to change at any time.",
"\n\n2.2 All prices are shown in UK £s sterling and include value added tax (where applicable) at the applicable current rate.",
"\n\n2.3 Whilst we try to ensure that all prices on this website are accurate, errors may occur. ",
"If we discover an error in the price of goods you have ordered we will inform you as soon as possible and give you the option of reconfirming your order at the correct price or cancelling it. ",
"If we are unable to contact you we will treat your order as cancelled.",
"\n\n2.4 Title to any goods shall pass to you on delivery of the goods provided that we have processed and received payment in full for the goods.",
"\n\n3 ORDER PROCESS AND CONTRACT FORMATION\n\n3.1 The steps required to create a contract of sale between you and us are as follows:\n\nOn this website, you will be guided through the process of placing your order by a series of simple instructions. ",
"You will place your order by pressing the order confirmation buttons during the checkout process.",
"\n\n3.2 Please note that completion of the online checkout process does not constitute our acceptance of your order. ",
"Our acceptance of your order will take place only when we dispatch the product(s) or commencement of the services that you ordered from us.",
"\n\n3.3 If you supplied us with your email address when entering your payment details (or if you have a registered account with us), we will notify you by email as soon as possible to confirm that we have received your order.",
"\n\n3.4 All products that you order through the Website will remain the property of Cornflowers Gift Shop until we have received payment in full from you for those products.",
"\n\n3.5 All card payments are subject to authorisation by your card issuer and we take payment when we accept your order shortly before dispatch. ",
"If your payment is not received and you have already received the products you ordered from us, you must pay for the products or return those products to us in accordance with reasonable return instructions that we provide to you and in the same condition that you received them at your own expense. ",
"If you do not do this within 30 days of the date on which we cancel your order, we may collect or arrange for collection of the products at your expense. ",
"We reserve the right to charge you for any and all damage to (or other adverse interference with) any products that are the subject of an unpaid order.",
"\n\n3.6 If we cannot supply you with the product or service you ordered, we will not process your order, inform you of this in writing (including e-mail) and, if you have already paid for the product or service, refund you in full as soon as reasonably possible.",
"\n\n4 DELIVERY\n\n4.1 Delivery of goods can only be made to mainland English, Welsh and Scottish addresses. ",
"4.2 We can also deliver to Northern Ireland, the Channel Islands, Isle of Man, Scottish Isles, as well as to all International addresses. ",
"For the avoidance of doubt, delivery to these locations shall always be made as under the Non-Standard delivery service.",
"\n\n4.3 All goods shipped by courier must be signed for by an adult aged 18 years or over on delivery.",
"\n\n4.4 Delivery charges and estimated timescales are detailed in this website and when you place your order. ",
"We make every effort to deliver your order within the estimated timescales communicated to you.",
"\n\n4.5 Risk of loss and damage to your order passes to you on the date when the goods are delivered or on the date of first attempted delivery by us.",
"\n\n4.6 Deliveries to addresses outside the UK: Cornflowers products are sold on a delivery duty unpaid basis. ",
"The recipient may have to pay import duty or a formal customs entry fee prior to or on delivery. ",
"Additional taxes, fees or levies may apply according to local legislation and customers are required to check these details before placing an order for international delivery.",
"\n\n4.7 Further delivery information is supplied on the ‘Delivery’ page on the website.",
"\n\n5 SUBSTITUTE GOODS\n\n5.1 We will never supply you with substitute goods, unless agreed with you in advance.",
"\n\n6 CANCELLATION RIGHTS AND RETURNS\n\n6.1 Any changes you make to your order (cancellations, amendments and returns), must be notified to us in writing (letter or email).",
"\n\n6.2 If you are contracting with us as a consumer online or by phone, in accordance with the Distant Selling Regulations you have the right to cancel your contract at any time up to 7 working days after the day on which you receive the goods you ordered. ",
"Your cancellation must be sent to us in writing (including email).",
"\n\n6.3 If you have paid a Standard delivery charge this will also be refunded, but if you are only returning part of the order, then we are not obliged to repay any of the delivery charge.",
"\n\n6.4 Where the goods are delivered as part of a Non-Standard delivery service, you acknowledge and agree that you have asked us to perform this service before the expiry of the statutory 7 day cooling off period. ",
"As such, in the event you subsequently cancel your order, pursuant to Regulation 13(1)(a) of the Consumer Protection (Distance Selling) Regulations 2000, you shall have no right to obtain a refund of the price paid for the Non-Standard delivery service.",
"\n\n6.5 You must take reasonable care of the products that you wish to cancel and not use them. ",
"Products should be returned in their original packaging. ",
"Products should be returned to: Cornflowers, 17 College Street, Winchester, Hampshire, SO23 9LX.",
"\n\n6.6 Goods should be returned within 7 working days of receipt. ",
"If you fail to return the goods, we will collect them, and we will charge you the direct cost of collection.",
"\n\n6.7 Goods are returned at your own expense.",
"\n\n6.8 If you choose to return any products to us, we will not be responsible for any loss or damage to them in transit and, for this reason, we recommend that you use a recorded delivery service. ",
"If returned products are lost or damaged in transit, we reserve the right to charge you (or not to refund any amounts attributable to) such loss or damage.",
"\n\n6.10 In the case of damaged or incorrectly supplied goods, please note that we must be informed within seven working days of receiving them. ",
"Returns shipping charges are not refunded without prior written consent (including email) from us.",
"\n\n6.5 Within 30 days of your cancellation of your order, we shall provide you with a refund of the price paid for the goods, less any price paid by you in regard of a Non-Standard delivery service, see article 6.4.",
"\n\n6.11 Any refunds given by us will be made to the debit/credit card account provided when you placed your order, and will be subject to our right to withhold amounts for products which are damaged on return or for which we have had to arrange collection, as outlined above.",
"\n\n6.12 Returned goods that have not been cancelled in writing to us (article 6.1) may not be refunded.",
"\n\n6.13 This is not intended to be a full statement of your rights under the Distance Selling Regulations. ",
"Full details of these rights are available from your Local Authority’s Trading Standards Office.",
"\n\n7 GENERAL\n\n7.1 These terms & conditions supersede any other terms & conditions previously published by us and any other representations or statements made by us to you, whether oral or otherwise.",
"\n\n7.2 You may not assign or sub-contract any of your rights or obligations under these terms & conditions to any third party unless we agree in writing.",
"\n\n7.3 We may assign, transfer or sub-contract any of our rights or obligations under these terms & conditions to any third party at our discretion.",
"\n\n7.4 No relaxation or delay by us in exercising any right or remedy under these terms & conditions shall operate as waiver of that right or remedy or shall affect our ability to subsequently exercise that right or remedy. ",
"Any waiver must be agreed by us in writing.",
"\n\n7.5 If any of these terms & conditions is found to be illegal, invalid or unenforceable by any court of competent jurisdiction, the rest of these terms & conditions shall remain in full force and effect.",
"\n\n7.6 Only you and we shall be entitled to enforce these terms & conditions. ",
"No third party shall be entitled to enforce any of these terms & conditions, whether by virtue of the Contracts (Rights of Third Parties) Act 1999 or otherwise.",
"\n\n7.7 Any contract between you and us shall be governed by the laws of England and any dispute between us will be resolved exclusively in the courts of England.",
"\n\n8 EXCLUSIONS OF LIABILITY\n\n8.1 We exclude all representations, warranties, conditions and terms (whether express or implied by statute, common law or otherwise) to the fullest extent permitted by law. ",
"We accept no liability for any losses or damages which are not reasonably foreseeable arising out of or in connection with these website terms or you use of the website.",
"\n\n8.2 Except to the extent required by applicable law, Cornflowers shall not be liable to any person for any loss or damage which may arise from the use of or reliance on any content or information displayed on this website.",
"\n\n8.3 You are responsible for maintaining the confidentiality of your password and account and any activities that occur under your account. ",
"Cornflowers shall not be liable to any person for any loss or damage which may arise as a result of any failure by you to protect your password or account.",
"\n\n8.4 These exclusions shall be governed by and construed with English law. ",
"If any provision of these disclaimers and exclusions shall be unlawful, void or for any reason unenforceable then that provision shall be deemed severable and shall not affect the validity and enforceability of the remaining provisions.",
"\n\n9 LIABILITY\n\n9.1 You have certain rights as a consumer, including legal rights relating to faulty or mis-described goods. ",
"For further information about your legal rights in the UK, contact your local authority Trading Standards department. ",
"Nothing in these terms & conditions will affect these legal rights and, in particular, we will perform our obligations under these terms & conditions with reasonable care and skill.",
"\n\n9.2 Any products we supply to you will be of satisfactory quality. ",
"If we deliver a product to you that is not of satisfactory quality, you can contact us for a repair or replacement or, where this is not possible, for a refund.",
"\n\n9.3 We are only responsible for losses that are a natural, foreseeable consequence of our breach of these terms & conditions. ",
"We will not be liable to you if we are prevented or delayed from complying with our obligations under these terms & conditions by anything you (or anyone acting on your behalf) does or fails to do or due to events which are beyond our reasonable control.",
"\n\n9.4 You must follow any advice we give you to keep products we supply to you safe (including any instructions or product manuals provided with the products). ",
"We cannot accept liability for damage to products we have supplied which is caused by your failure to follow this advice.",
"\n\n9.5 Our maximum liability to business users arising out of or in connection with the goods shall be limited to the replacement value of the product in question (except in the case of death or personal injury caused by our negligence or in respect of fraud). ",
"In relation to business users, we do not accept liability for the fitness of goods for business purposes, nor do we accept liability for loss of use of the item nor any loss over and above the cost of the item in the event of a claim for breach of warranty or condition. ",
"In any event, we will not be liable for any losses related to any business of yours including (without limitation) lost data, lost profits, lost revenues or business interruption.",
"\n\n10. ",
"AGE RESTRICTION ON PURCHASE\n\n10.1 The purchase of certain products made available on the website are subject to age requirements specified by law. ",
"We are not permitted by law to supply these products to individuals who do not satisfy these requirements and, if you are underage, you must not attempt to order these products through the website.",
"\n\nIn particular, please note that age restrictions apply in the UK to the purchase of the products listed below. ",
"By placing an order for these products you confirm that you (and, if different, the recipient of the product) satisfy the age requirements necessary to buy that product.",
"\n\n- Knives (including kitchen and cutlery knives) or bladed articles. ",
"Knives and bladed items can only be purchased by, and for, individuals aged 18 and over.",
"\n\n11 LINKS TO OTHER WEBSITES\n\n11.1 We have placed links on this website to other websites we think you may want to visit. ",
"We do not vet these websites and do not have any control over their contents. ",
"Except where required by applicable law, Cornflowers cannot accept any liability in respect of the use of these websites.",
"\n\n12 DATA PROTECTION\n\n12.1 Your privacy is very important to us. ",
"Please review our Privacy Policy which explains how we will use your personal information that you disclose to us when placing the order.",
"\n\n13 ABOUT US\n\n13.1 ‘cornflowersgiftshop.co.uk’ is a trading name of Cornflowers.",
"\n\n13.2 This website is operated by Cornflowers.",
"\n\nADDITIONAL TERMS & CONDITIONS OF SALE\n\nDELIVERY INFORMATION\n\nProviding all items in your order are in stock, we aim to ship as quickly as possible (usually within 3 working days of receipt of your order), but to be on the safe side please allow 14 days for delivery. ",
"Delivery of out-of-stock items may take up to 6 weeks.",
"\n\nWhen you have placed your order on the website, you will be sent an email with your order details. ",
"If you do not receive this email, please let us know on cornflowersgiftshop@gmail.com. ",
"The day your order is shipped, you will be sent a shipping email with the details of items shipped, and a tracking info email with the details pertaining to the shipping method of your order. ",
"If your order was shipped by courier, the email will contain the tracking label number of your parcel and their telephone number, so that you may get in touch with them to check the delivery status of your shipment.",
"\n\nIf you have any queries, please don't hesitate to phone us on 01962 621234."
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"note\nAnonymous Monk\n<p><I>I rebooted already, so i guess my only option is to uninstall and re-install. ",
"I'd like not to have to re-install all the CPAN modules that i have, if possible. ",
"</i><p> You would have to do that anyway going from 5.12 to 5.16\n1008227\n1008233\n5"
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"National Taiwan Sport University metro station\n\nNational Taiwan Sport University () is a station on the Taoyuan International Airport MRT located in Guishan District, Taoyuan City, Taiwan. ",
"The station opened for commercial service on 2 March 2017.",
"\n\nStation overview\nThis underground station has two side platforms. ",
"The station is long and wide. ",
"It opened for trial service on 2 February 2017, and for commercial service on 2 March 2017.",
"\n\nHistory\n 2017-03-02: The station opened for commercial service with the opening of the Taipei-Huanbei section of the Airport MRT.",
"\n\nAround the station\n Chang Gung University\n Chang Gung University of Science and Technology\n Formosa Plastics Group Museum\n National Taiwan Sport University\n\nSee also\n Taoyuan Metro\n\nReferences\n\nCategory:Railway stations opened in 2017\nCategory:2017 establishments in Taiwan\nCategory:Taoyuan Airport MRT stations"
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[
"\"What ho.\" \"",
"What ho.\" \"",
"Hey, Lazard, why do the night guys get a piece like you and we're stuck with eel breath?\" \"",
"It's fate, Detective... conspiring to keep us apart.\" \"",
"All right, I'm out of here.\" \"",
"See ya.\" \"",
"You all right?\" \"",
"You lost?\" \"",
"I got her in the holding room, but she won't say a word.\" \"",
"You're asking me because you know how good I am with kids.\" \"",
"Yeah, a regular Mr. Greenjeans.\" \"",
"Hi.\" \"",
"This is Detective Barbala.\" \"",
"He's going to help you find your parents.\" \"",
"Hiya, sweetheart.\" \"",
"What's your name?\" \"",
"Michelle.\" \"",
"Everything's going to be all right, okay?\" \"",
"Don't be scared now.\" \"",
"Michelle what?\" \"",
"You said your first name is Michelle.\" \"",
"Now, what's your last name?\" \"",
"Bishop.\" \"",
"Bishop.\" \"",
"Michelle Bishop.\" \"",
"And where do you live, Michelle?\" \"",
"Here in Buffalo?\" \"",
"What was that?\" \"",
"Did you hear that?\" \"(",
"Clamoring)\" \"Man:\" \"Somebody call an ambulance!\" \"",
"Mulder:\" \"How did you hear about us?\" \"",
"My brother.\" \"",
"My brother's a cop in Baltimore.\" \"",
"He told me about your work on the Tooms case.\" \"",
"He said you got a good feel for things out of the ordinary.\" \"",
"Look, the truth is, Barbala never won any popularity contests here at the 1 -4 but he's still a cop, you know.\" \"",
"I guess that's why I can't just let this rest.\" \"",
"You said there was one witness-- a little girl.\" \"",
"What did she say happened?\" \"",
"She said there was another man in the room.\" \" ",
"It stands to reason that\" \" I was right outside.\" \"",
"There was nobody else there except Barbala and the kid.\" \"",
"So you didn't get a description of who the kid saw.\" \"",
"I'm telling you, there was no one else.\" \"",
"Listen, the department's treating this as a suicide but I got to tell you, I knew this guy.\" \"",
"There's no way he did himself.\" \"",
"Was he depressed or under psychiatric care of any kind?\" \"",
"No.\" \"",
"The only time he ever looked at himself was in the mirror and he always liked what he saw.\" \"",
"Plus jumpers tend to open the window before they jump.\" \"",
"Where's the kid?\" \"",
"She was released an hour ago.\" \"",
"Her mother picked her up.\" \"",
"You don't really think the girl had anything to do with it.\" \"",
"Eight years on the force\" \"I've seen a lot of strange things but I'm telling you, this kid... something's just not right about her.\" \"",
"Mulder:\" \"Long hair or short hair?\" \"",
"Short.\" \"",
"Like that?\" \"",
"Was his hair dark like mine or lighter like yours?\" \"",
"Like mine.\" \"",
"What about a beard or a moustache?\" \"",
"Moustache.\" \"(",
"Whispers)\" \"Man:\" \"Like this?\" \"",
"Or this?\" \"",
"Whoa, what happened?\" \"",
"Weird.\" \"",
"I didn't even hit a key.\" \"",
"Must be a glitch in the new software.\" \"",
"Mulder:\" \"Michelle, was his moustache like that?\" \"",
"Scully:\" \"Do you have any idea how your daughter might have gotten there?\" \"",
"Buffalo's half an hour away by train and the station is a five-minute car ride.\" \"",
"When I came home\" \"Mrs. Dougherty was locked in the wine cellar.\" \"",
"I called the police immediately.\" \"",
"And Mrs. Dougherty is..?\" \"",
"Michelle's nanny.\" \"",
"Her latest, that is.\" \"",
"She's gone through four this year, and it's only April.\" \"",
"What seems to be the problem?\" \"",
"Michelle is the problem.\" \"",
"How do you mean?\" \"",
"As hard as it is for a mother to admit\" \"Michelle is a disturbed child.\" \"",
"Oh, I know this sounds terrible to say but the truth is that sometimes she frightens me.\" \"",
"Frightens you how?\" \"",
"She's not like other girls, Agent Scully.\" \"",
"Tell me.\" \"",
"She just isn't.\" \"",
"She doesn't have any friends.\" \"",
"She hardly ever smiles.\" \"",
"It breaks my heart, but I can't comfort her.\" \"",
"She says she sees things that I can't see.\" \"",
"She hears people yelling in her head.\" \"",
"Last summer we had to cover our pool.\" \"",
"Jim was trying to teach her how to swim but every time that Michelle would get close to the water she would just start to scream.\" \"",
"Scream like you've never heard in all your life.\" \"",
"Your husband, where is he now?\" \"",
"We're divorced.\" \" ",
"Mrs. Bishop?\" \" ",
"Mm-hmm.\" \"",
"This is the man Michelle said she saw at the police station.\" \"",
"Do you recognize him?\" \"",
"No, I'm sorry.\" \"",
"She also mentioned a friend.\" \"",
"Someone named Sheila.\" \" ",
"Do you know who that is?\" \" ",
"That would be Dr. Braun.\" \"",
"She's the developmental psychologist at Brylin Hospital.\" \"",
"Michelle sees her twice a week.\" \"",
"Look at that.\" \"",
"Looks like a hawk or a falcon.\" \"",
"It's beautiful.\" \" ",
"It's called origami.\" \"",
"Japanese paper folding.\" \"",
"Where did she learn how to do that?\" \"",
"I have no idea.\" \"",
"So, Harry, you'll put that face into the system?\" \" ",
"As we speak.\" \" ",
"Can you give Scully a ride back to the city?\" \"",
"We have a autopsy at 7:00.\" \"",
"I'm going to Brylin Hospital.\" \"",
"See if I can have a little chat with Michelle's shrink.\" \"",
"Oh, and check for burns or lesions on Barbala's body.\" \"",
"Why?\" \"",
"Psychokinesis is usually associated with an electrical charge.\" \"",
"Are you saying Michelle possesses the ability to psychically project her own will?\" \"",
"How else could a 60-pound kid throw a 200-pound detective out the window?\" \"",
"Woman:\" \"No, I don't recognize him.\" \"",
"I have no idea who he is.\" \"",
"Could Michelle have fabricated him?\" \"",
"Quite possibly.\" \"",
"As with many dissociative disorders the intensity of the patient's emotions is often too much for one personality to process.\" \"",
"So, in defense part of the personality splits itself off.\" \"",
"As in schizophrenia?\" \"",
"I'm afraid Michelle's diagnosis is not quite that simple.\" \"",
"My primary challenge has been to discover the source of her extreme rage.\" \"",
"In most cases it's a traumatic event in the patient's past.\" \"",
"And in Michelle's case?\" \"",
"Occasionally, I would leave\" \"Michelle alone for part of our sessions... with this doll.\" \"",
"Each time a new doll anatomically intact.\" \"",
"And each time she dismembers and disfigures it in exactly the same way.\" \"",
"At first I thought she was being abused but after a number of sessions with her parents\" \"I became convinced there was something else behind Michelle's anxiety.\" \"",
"Something much deeper.\" \"",
"Much more elusive.\" \"",
"Any theories?\" \"",
"Frankly, no.\" \"",
"I'm at a loss.\" \"",
"Have you tried deep-regression hypnosis?\" \"",
"I've found hypnosis an unreliable approach, at best.\" \"",
"Okay.\" \"",
"How have you been treating Michelle?\" \"",
"Well, the Thorazine has been quite effective in regulating her more bizarre behavior.\" \"",
"I'm sure.\" \"",
"Have you observed any unexplained phenomena in Michelle's presence?\" \"\"",
"Unexplained phenomena\" ?\" \"",
"Inordinate physical strength, psychic ability, telekinesis.\" \"",
"You're joking, of course.\" \"",
"I have a patient waiting, Agent Mulder.\" \"",
"If you'll excuse me.\" \"",
"Note:\" \"Postmortem examination is being conducted 1 1 hours and 45 minutes after subject was pronounced.\" \"",
"Note:\" \"Raised lesion approximately seven centimeters below sternum.\" \"",
"Deep necrosis inconsistent with cause of death as pronounced by Dr. Gilder and suggests localized electrocution... but a further tissue analysis will be necessary.\" \"",
"Excuse me.\" \"",
"Could I talk to you for a second?\" \"",
"I just started the autopsy.\" \"",
"Yeah.\" \"",
"Um...\" \"I don't think he's going anywhere.\" \"",
"Will you, uh... take a couple for scale, please?\" \"",
"Thank you.\" \"",
"I'll be right back.\" \"",
"So, what do you think?\" \"",
"Scully:\" \"Looks like a match.\" \"",
"Yeah.\" \"",
"Name's Officer Charlie Morris.\" \"",
"Used to work Narcotics out of the 2-7.\" \"",
"Do you know him?\" \"",
"No.\" \"",
"Before my time.\" \"",
"Where is he now?\" \"",
"Has he been transferred?\" \"",
"You could say that.\" \"",
"Agent Scully, this guy's been dead for nine years.\" \"",
"Which means that little girl saw a ghost.\" \"",
"This way, please.\" \"",
"He was killed in Chinatown, gangland style allegedly by the Triads although no arrests were ever made.\" \"",
"If you're going to tell me you think Michelle Bishop saw a poltergeist...\" \"You found a lesion on Barbala's body.\" \"",
"You said it could have been caused by an intense concentration of electrothermal energy.\" \"\"",
"Could have been\" being the operative phrase.\" \"",
"I won't know for sure until the lab results are in.\" \"",
"Why is it still so hard for you to believe when all evidence suggests extraordinary phenomena?\" \"",
"Because sometimes...\" \"What?\" \"",
"looking for extreme possibilities makes you blind to the probable explanation right in front of you.\" \"",
"This is the face that Michelle Bishop saw.\" \"",
"She walked right by here and she saw the face of Charlie Morris which means there weren't any ghosts flying around the precinct.\" \"",
"Do you have the police report describing Morris' death?\" \"",
"Yeah.\" \"",
"I have what's been declassified.\" \"",
"Why?\" \"",
"Does it describe how he was murdered?\" \"",
"Yes, I told you.\" \"",
"It was a signature hit.\" \"",
"Give me the grisly details.\" \"",
"His arm was severed just below the shoulder presumably by a chain saw and his right eye was gouged out.\" \"",
"This is what Michelle did to a dozen dolls in her shrink's office.\" \"",
"Hell of a coincidence, wouldn't you say?\" \"",
"Before we discount anything, we should find out more about Charlie Morris.\" \"",
"I got the address of his partner on the force.\" \"",
"Hopefully, he can tell us something.\" \"",
"Detective Fiore?\" \"",
"We're with the F.B.I.\" \"Can we talk to you for a minute?\" \"",
"Do you know this man?\" \"",
"You mind if we do this out here?\" \"",
"I don't want to wake my wife.\" \"",
"This won't take long.\" \"",
"Sure I know him.\" \"",
"That's Charlie.\" \"",
"Charlie Morris.\" \"",
"You two were partners?\" \"",
"We rode together his first nine months out of the academy.\" \"",
"What can you tell us about the circumstances surrounding his death?\" \"",
"That matter is still under investigation and so I can't comment on it.\" \"",
"We're under the direct authority of Captain Gershom at the 1 4th Precinct.\" \"",
"1 4th Precinct?\" \"",
"I never worked out of the 1 -4.\" \"",
"What's all this about?\" \"",
"We believe that the death of Detective Barbala can be linked to the death of Officer Morris.\" \"",
"Linked how?\" \"",
"I thought Barbala flipped his wig and jumped out a window.\" \"",
"Did you know him?\" \"",
"By reputation.\" \"",
"What's all this got to do with Charlie?\" \"",
"That's what we need your help with.\" \"",
"The police report said Morris was killed off duty.\" \"",
"Right.\" \"",
"Best we can figure, it was some kind of payback.\" \"",
"For what?\" \"",
"The organized crime division was doing a major sweep in Chinatown.\" \"",
"The Triads?\" \"",
"Heavy busts went down against the Woo Shing Woo.\" \"",
"A lot of smack never made it to the street.\" \"",
"You can bet there were some pissed-off people playing Mah-jongg that week.\" \"",
"So you think Morris was killed as a warning to back off?\" \"",
"I think they picked a cop-- any cop-- and they whacked him.\" \"",
"Who is it, Tony?\" \"",
"It's nothing to worry about, honey.\" \"",
"Just some people from the F.B.I.\" \"asking about a case I'm working.\" \"",
"Sir, would you mind..?\" \"",
"Hey, it's the weekend.\" \"",
"You guys mind?\" \"",
"Get me at the squad\" \"first thing Monday morning, okay?\" \" ",
"Sure.\" \"",
"Good luck.\" \"",
"Is it me, or did we just get the brushoff?\" \" ",
"Did you notice her hands?\" \" ",
"What?\" \"",
"He said she was sleeping but her hands were dusted with baking flour.\" \"",
"It's not a big deal, all right.\" \"",
"Don't jerk yourself around.\" \"",
"You're acting like a little bug.\" \"",
"They were F.B.I.\" \"So what?\" \"",
"They start sniffing around too much they're going to turn something up.\" \"",
"Relax.\" \"",
"They're just people like us going through the motions.\" \"",
"Then how are they connecting Charlie to Barbala?\" \"",
"And what do they know?\" \"",
"Huh?\" \"",
"Nothing.\" \"",
"Come on.\" \"",
"We're going to Citibank right now.\" \"",
"For what?\" \"",
"The safety box.\" \"",
"What should we do, Tony?\" \"",
"Huh?\" \"",
"Make a donation to the Little Sisters for the Poor?\" \"",
"Dump it somewhere.\" \"",
"Tony, there's only two of us left now.\" \"",
"That's over a million each.\" \"",
"Take it all.\" \"",
"I don't care!\" \"",
"Do your dream on the beach in Costa Rica, or wherever the hell it is you want to do it.\" \"",
"You think I like this?\" \"",
"Huh?\" \"",
"Selling disability insurance to morons?\" \"\"",
"Well, sir, uh... excuse me, but what if you should break your neck on the shore, or lose your leg in a car crash?\"\" \"",
"You listen to me, Tony.\" \"",
"We agreed to wait ten years and that is exactly what we're going to do.\" \"",
"I listened to you once before, and look what happened.\" \"",
"Nobody-- not me, not Barbala-- wanted to see Charlie wind up like that.\" \"",
"We were just trying to scare a little sense into him.\" \"",
"It was an accident.\" \"",
"End of story.\" \"",
"And you better pull yourself together, Tony.\" \"",
"Excuse me, sir...\" \"Hey, what..?\" \"",
"Hey!\" \"",
"Hey, open the door!\" \"",
"Hey!\" \"",
"Hey!\" \"",
"Open the door!\" \"",
"Hey!\" \"",
"Open the door!\" \"",
"Hey!\" \"",
"Open the door!\" \"",
"Open the door!\" \"",
"Open the door!\" \"",
"Hey!\" \"",
"Open the door!\" \"",
"Hey!\" \"",
"Hey!\" \"",
"Hey!\" \"",
"Hey!\" \"",
"Open the door!\" \"",
"Hey!\" \"",
"For God's sake!\" \"",
"Help me!\" \"(",
"Screaming)\" \"A patrol unit picked her up a few blocks away from the bus stop.\" \"",
"What's going on?\" \"",
"We don't know.\" \"",
"All we know is that your daughter has witnessed two deaths in the past two days.\" \"",
"She's only eight years old.\" \"",
"She couldn't possibly have done anything.\" \"",
"Mrs. Bishop, no one is accusing Michelle of anything.\" \"",
"She's just a little girl.\" \"",
"Is there anything that you have not told us?\" \"",
"Is there anything at all that you can think of that might shed some light on what happened tonight?\" \"",
"No.\" \"(",
"Sighs)\" \"Well, this police station has a designated room at the Sheraton.\" \"",
"An officer will take you and Michelle over there.\" \"",
"Why is this happening to us?\" \"",
"Why?\" \"",
"Can I talk to you for a minute?\" \"",
"I'm sorry.\" \"",
"Excuse me.\" \"",
"Listen to this.\" \"",
"You know that guy that bought it tonight\" \"Leon Felder?\" \"",
"Before he started peddling life insurance he was a cop out of the 1 -4.\" \"",
"Guess who his partner used to be?\" \"",
"Rudy Barbala.\" \"",
"Scully:\" \"Four cops.\" \"",
"Three of whom are now dead.\" \"",
"Their only connection being a drug bust in Chinatown almost nine years ago.\" \"",
"And a little girl from Orchard Park.\" \"",
"Morris, Fiore, Barbala, and Felder.\" \"",
"What's wrong with this picture?\" \"",
"Well, for one thing\" \"Fiore said he only knew Barbala by reputation.\" \"",
"Right.\" \"",
"So why would he say that?\" \"",
"I don't know.\" \"",
"Hmm...\" \"What?\" \"",
"There's a page gone from Morris' homicide file.\" \"",
"Wonder where it could be.\" \"",
"Is there a log sheet?\" \"",
"Should be.\" \"",
"Yeah.\" \"\"",
"Tony Fiore...\" Checked out this afternoon.\" \"",
"Mrs. Fiore, we're sorry for the early hour but is your husband home?\" \"",
"No, he's not.\" \"",
"He never came home last night.\" \"",
"May we come in?\" \"",
"Hey, Scully.\" \"",
"Look familiar?\" \"",
"Mrs. Fiore:\" \"He said he was working a double shift.\" \"",
"But when I called the precinct he wasn't scheduled.\" \"",
"It's just not like him not to call.\" \"",
"Does your husband have any family or close friends in the area that he might go to if he were in trouble?\" \"",
"I've been on the phone all night.\" \"",
"Is he in any trouble?\" \"",
"Mrs. Fiore, did your husband ever mention a detective by the name of Rudy Barbala or an ex-police officer named Leon Felder?\" \"",
"I don't think so.\" \"",
"Someone you might have had dinner with once... a friend ofTony's from work a name you can't remember-- anything?\" \"",
"We don't normally socialize with other cops.\" \"",
"Mrs. Fiore, I couldn't help noticing your origami collection.\" \"",
"Did you do these yourself?\" \"",
"Oh, no, not me.\" \"",
"No, that was Charlie's hobby.\" \"",
"Charlie?\" \"",
"My first husband.\" \"",
"He was born in Japan.\" \"",
"His father was stationed there.\" \"",
"Not Charlie Morris, Tony's ex-partner?\" \"",
"Yeah.\" \"",
"I was waiting for him to come home too nine years ago,just like this.\" \"",
"He was working on a whole set, you know, from the painting.\" \"",
"The only animal he never got to was the giraffe.\" \"",
"See, right there behind the zebra?\" \"",
"Michelle is eight years old.\" \"",
"That means she was conceived at roughly the same time that Officer Morris was killed.\" \"",
"Do me a favor, Mulder.\" \"",
"Let me say it-- reincarnation.\" \"",
"Metempsychosis, transmigration reembodiment-- call it what you will.\" \"",
"All based on the coincidence that Michelle Bishop and Officer Morris both practice the obscure art of paper folding?\" \"",
"What about the composite drawing and the dolls, and the fact that Michelle was witness to two deaths that can be tied to Charlie Morris?\" \"",
"So what, you think he's back, like Peter Proud to avenge his murder?\" \"",
"It's not so farfetched, Scully.\" \"",
"Reincarnation is a basic tenet of many major religions.\" \"",
"That still doesn't explain how an eight-year-old girl can kill two grown men.\" \"",
"Well, individuals with strong past-life memories often exhibit enhanced psychic abilities\" \"E.S.P., telekinesis...\" \"So where does that leave us?\" \"",
"One short step away from proving the preexistence of the human soul.\" \"",
"Doctor:\" \"On the count of five tell me where you are now.\" \"",
"One, two, three, four, five.\" \"",
"Do you know where you are?\" \" ",
"Yes.\" \" ",
"Where?\" \"",
"Tell me where you are.\" \"",
"At home.\" \"",
"What time of day is it?\" \"",
"Nighttime.\" \"",
"And how old are you?\" \"",
"Twenty-four.\" \"",
"No!\" \"",
"We can't!\" \"",
"We can't do this!\" \"",
"It's wrong!\" \"",
"What's wrong?\" \"",
"What can't you do?\" \"",
"It's all right.\" \"",
"You can trust me.\" \"",
"No!\" \"",
"I can't.\" \"",
"I can't.\" \"",
"You can trust me.\" \"",
"I can't!\" \"",
"I can't!\" \"",
"This is dangerous and irresponsible.\" \"",
"Dr. Spitz has conducted hundreds of these sessions...\" \"If this continues, you could push Michelle deeper into withdrawal.\" \"",
"Is it any more dangerous than pumping her full ofThorazine?\" \"",
"They're killing me!\" \"",
"They're killing me!\" \"",
"That's enough.\" \"",
"Mulder:\" \"Please, Mrs. Bishop.\" \"",
"No!\" \"",
"No!\" \"",
"No!\" \"",
"It's okay.\" \"",
"It's okay.\" \"",
"It's over.\" \"",
"It's over.\" \"",
"It's over.\" \"",
"They just left.\" \"",
"We almost had it, Scully.\" \"",
"We were right there.\" \"",
"I know.\" \"",
"We'll have to try it again.\" \"",
"Mrs. Bishop won't go for that.\" \"",
"Not in this lifetime anyway.\" \"",
"Well, we have to change her mind.\" \"",
"How?\" \"",
"And to what end?\" \"",
"I mean, what exactly do you hope to discover by all this?\" \"",
"The truth.\" \"",
"What really happened to Charlie Morris.\" \"",
"We'll find the truth when we find Fiore.\" \"",
"If we find Fiore, and if he's still alive.\" \"",
"Scully, you saw what happened in there.\" \"",
"What I saw was some traumatized little girl who, for no apparent reason has some connection to Charlie Morris.\" \"",
"All evidence suggests that Michelle Bishop is Charlie Morris.\" \"",
"Short of her growing a moustache how much more apparent does it have to become for you to accept it?\" \"",
"Okay.\" \"",
"Let's just say that, by some small miracle you manage to convince Michelle's mother and the next hypno-regression provides you with everything you could possibly hope for.\" \"",
"No grand jury is going to listen to that kind of testimony.\" \"",
"We still will not have an actionable case.\" \"",
"The inconclusive results of Michelle's past-life regression do not shake my basic belief in hypnosis as a tool for psychological healing.\" \"",
"Whether or not it offers us definitive proof of previous lifetimes is another matter.\" \"",
"However, in this particular case all other explanations seem to be even more wanting.\" \"",
"Dr. Spitz:\" \"How old are you?\" \"",
"Twenty-four.\" \"",
"No!\" \"",
"We can't!\" \"",
"We can't do this!\" \"",
"It's wrong!\" \"",
"What's wrong?\" \"",
"What can't you do?\" \"(",
"Rewinding Tape)\" \"And how old are you?\" \"",
"Twenty-four.\" \"",
"No!\" \"",
"We can't... (Rewinding)\" \"Twenty-four.\" \"",
"No, no, I...\" \"I-I want to be here in case he shows up.\" \"",
"Yeah, thanks again.\" \"",
"I'll, uh...\" \"I'll call you the minute I hear anything.\" \"",
"Okay, yeah.\" \"",
"Okay.\" \"",
"Bye-bye.\" \"(",
"Knock At Door)\" \"Tony!\" \"",
"Tony?\" \"",
"Tony?\" \"",
"I checked the windup profiles.\" \"",
"They're up to speed.\" \"",
"Which means?\" \"",
"Whatever this image is, it was recorded in that room with the girl.\" \"",
"How is that possible?\" \"",
"There was a documented case in the early '7 0s of a man from Porlock, Ohio who could influence undeveloped film.\" \"",
"He could create shapes on the negative from his mind.\" \"",
"I don't know how much of this noise I can clean up.\" \"",
"It depends on the strength of the latent image.\" \"(",
"Door Opens)\" \"I tracked him down.\" \"",
"He's retired in Palm Beach.\" \"",
"You were right, Agent Scully.\" \"",
"He backed up all his records on disk.\" \"",
"Pathologists are paranoid by nature.\" \"",
"Well, he faxed me the missing page from the autopsy report.\" \"",
"Great.\" \"",
"Well, apparently\" \"Charlie Morris did not die as a result of his wounds.\" \"",
"It says here there's a frothing of fluid in the respiratory tract.\" \"",
"That indicates death by drowning.\" \"",
"He was drowned and then mutilated to make it look like a signature execution?\" \"",
"Dr. Yamaguchi said that there were no signs of submersion such as goose skin or wrinkled flesh except for around the face and head.\" \"",
"That's right.\" \"",
"Suggesting that he was killed in either a bathtub or a toilet.\" \" ",
"Except\" \" Except for what?\" \"",
"The marked bradycardia.\" \"",
"It indicates a raised plasma sodium level.\" \"",
"He was killed in sea water.\" \"",
"Anita!\" \"",
"Anita!\" \"",
"Tony!\" \"",
"Tony, what's going on?\" \"",
"Where have you been?\" \"",
"Listen, I know something's going on.\" \"",
"I need you to listen to me right now.\" \"",
"Go upstairs and pack a bag.\" \"",
"Why?\" \"",
"What kind of trouble are you in?\" \"",
"I think someone's trying to kill me.\" \" ",
"Who?\" \" ",
"I don't know.\" \"",
"Why would anybody want to kill you?\" \"",
"Tell me what's going on.\" \"",
"Will you please just do what I'm asking you?\" \"!\" \"",
"Please.\" \"",
"I'm your husband, and I love you and I need you to trust me on this, okay?\" \"",
"Almost there.\" \"",
"What I've done is to map the frequencies of the interference.\" \"",
"Coefficients for sine on this monitor cosine on that one.\" \"",
"Now, using an algorithm program\" \"I can remove the frequencies... like this.\" \"",
"Presto.\" \"",
"What the hell?\" \"",
"Mulder, what is it?\" \"",
"You said salt water, right?\" \"",
"Right.\" \"",
"So?\" \"",
"Charlie Morris was drowned in his own tropical fish tank, and that's the last thing he saw before he died.\" \"",
"We better hope Michelle Bishop is at home tucked in bed.\" \"",
"Tony...\" \"Somebody left this on our doorstep tonight.\" \"",
"Do you know who?\" \"",
"Answer me, Tony!\" \"",
"You stay here and keep the door closed.\" \"",
"Anita:\" \"Tony, are you all right?\" \"",
"Tony, answer me.\" \"(",
"Crashing Noise)\" \"Tony.\" \"",
"Tony, please.\" \"",
"Who's there?\" \"",
"What's happening?\" \"(",
"Crashing Continues)\" \"Mulder!\" \"",
"They said they were just going to talk to you.\" \"",
"Talk some sense into you.\" \"",
"What was I supposed to do, huh?\" \"",
"All you had to do was take the money, man!\" \"",
"Why didn't you just take the money?\" \"!\" \"(",
"Screaming)\" \"What's going on, Tony?\" \"",
"Go check upstairs.\" \"",
"Michelle!\" \"",
"This won't make right what happened.\" \"",
"I can't get out.\" \"",
"Who's there?\" \"",
"I can't get out.\" \"",
"Tony?\" \"!\" \"",
"Tony!\" \"",
"Tony...\" \"I'm sorry.\" \"",
"I knew what they did to Charlie.\" \"",
"I was a part of it, and I never said anything.\" \"",
"I couldn't.\" \"",
"Oh, no.\" \"",
"I just wanted to take care of you.\" \"",
"Who else would have taken care of you?\" \"",
"Please...\" \"Please don't hurt him anymore.\" \"",
"Mulder:\" \"Closing entry, file #X-4027 1 .\" \"",
"Detective Anthony Fiore pleaded guilty yesterday in federal court to charges of first-degree murder after the fact grand larceny, and obstruction of justice.\" \"",
"The deaths of Detective Rudy Barbala and former police officer Leon Felder are being ruled as accidental although their complicity in the murder of Officer Charlie Morris has been definitively established.\" \"",
"No charges were brought against Michelle Bishop who, today, took her first swimming lesson.\" \"",
"She claims no memory of the preceding events and both her mother and Dr. Braun have denied my request for a second past-life regression.\" \"",
"End of field journal, April 1 9, 1 994.\" \"",
"Agents of record:\" \"Fox Mulder and Dana Scully.\" \"",
"Status: unexplained.\""
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[
".note-editor {\n height: 300px;\n}\n\n.note-editor .note-dropzone {\n position: absolute;\n z-index: 1;\n display: none;\n color: #87cefa;\n background-color: white;\n border: 2px dashed #87cefa;\n opacity: .95;\n pointer-event: none\n}\n\n.note-editor .note-dropzone .note-dropzone-message {\n display: table-cell;\n font-size: 28px;\n font-weight: bold;\n text-align: center;\n vertical-align: middle\n}\n\n.note-editor .note-dropzone.hover {\n color: #098ddf;\n border: 2px dashed #098ddf\n}\n\n.note-editor.dragover .note-dropzone {\n display: table\n}\n\n.note-editor.fullscreen {\n position: fixed;\n top: 0;\n left: 0;\n z-index: 1050;\n width: 100%\n}\n\n.note-editor.fullscreen .note-editable {\n background-color: white\n}\n\n.note-editor.fullscreen .note-resizebar {\n display: none\n}\n\n.note-editor.codeview .note-editable {\n display: none\n}\n\n.note-editor.codeview .note-codable {\n display: block\n}\n\n.note-editor .note-toolbar {\n padding-bottom: 5px;\n padding-left: 10px;\n padding-top: 5px;\n margin: 0;\n background-color: #f5f5f5;\n border-bottom: 1px solid #E7EAEC\n}\n\n.note-editor .note-toolbar > .btn-group {\n margin-top: 5px;\n margin-right: 5px;\n margin-left: 0\n}\n\n.note-editor .note-toolbar .note-table .dropdown-menu {\n min-width: 0;\n padding: 5px\n}\n\n.note-editor .note-toolbar .note-table .dropdown-menu .note-dimension-picker {\n font-size: 18px\n}\n\n.note-editor .note-toolbar .note-table .dropdown-menu .note-dimension-picker .note-dimension-picker-mousecatcher {\n position: absolute !",
"important;\n z-index: 3;\n width: 10em;\n height: 10em;\n cursor: pointer\n}\n\n.note-editor .note-toolbar .note-table .dropdown-menu .note-dimension-picker .note-dimension-picker-unhighlighted {\n position: relative !",
"important;\n z-index: 1;\n width: 5em;\n height: 5em;\n background: url('data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAABIAAAASAgMAAAAroGbEAAAACVBMVEUAAIj4+Pjp6ekKlAqjAAAAAXRSTlMAQObYZgAAAAFiS0dEAIgFHUgAAAAJcEhZcwAACxMAAAsTAQCanBgAAAAHdElNRQfYAR0BKhmnaJzPAAAAG0lEQVQI12NgAAOtVatWMTCohoaGUY+EmIkEAEruEzK2J7tvAAAAAElFTkSuQmCC') repeat\n}\n\n.note-editor .note-toolbar .note-table .dropdown-menu .note-dimension-picker .note-dimension-picker-highlighted {\n position: absolute !",
"important;\n z-index: 2;\n width: 1em;\n height: 1em;\n background: url('data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAABIAAAASAgMAAAAroGbEAAAACVBMVEUAAIjd6vvD2f9LKLW+AAAAAXRSTlMAQObYZgAAAAFiS0dEAIgFHUgAAAAJcEhZcwAACxMAAAsTAQCanBgAAAAHdElNRQfYAR0BKwNDEVT0AAAAG0lEQVQI12NgAAOtVatWMTCohoaGUY+EmIkEAEruEzK2J7tvAAAAAElFTkSuQmCC') repeat\n}\n\n.note-editor .note-toolbar .note-style h1, .note-editor .note-toolbar .note-style h2, .note-editor .note-toolbar .note-style h3, .note-editor .note-toolbar .note-style h4, .note-editor .note-toolbar .note-style h5, .note-editor .note-toolbar .note-style h6, .note-editor .note-toolbar .note-style blockquote {\n margin: 0\n}\n\n.note-editor .note-toolbar .note-color .dropdown-toggle {\n width: 20px;\n padding-left: 5px\n}\n\n.note-editor .note-toolbar .note-color .dropdown-menu {\n min-width: 290px\n}\n\n.note-editor .note-toolbar .note-color .dropdown-menu .btn-group {\n margin: 0\n}\n\n.note-editor .note-toolbar .note-color .dropdown-menu .btn-group:first-child {\n margin: 0 5px\n}\n\n.note-editor .note-toolbar .note-color .dropdown-menu .btn-group .note-palette-title {\n margin: 2px 7px;\n font-size: 12px;\n text-align: center;\n border-bottom: 1px solid #eee\n}\n\n.note-editor .note-toolbar .note-color .dropdown-menu .btn-group .note-color-reset {\n padding: 0 3px;\n margin: 5px;\n font-size: 12px;\n cursor: pointer;\n -webkit-border-radius: 5px;\n -moz-border-radius: 5px;\n border-radius: 5px\n}\n\n.note-editor .note-toolbar .note-color .dropdown-menu .btn-group .note-color-reset:hover {\n background: #eee\n}\n\n.note-editor .note-toolbar .note-para .dropdown-menu {\n min-width: 216px;\n padding: 5px\n}\n\n.note-editor .note-toolbar .note-para .dropdown-menu > div:first-child {\n margin-right: 5px\n}\n\n.note-editor .note-statusbar {\n background-color: #f5f5f5\n}\n\n.note-editor .note-statusbar .note-resizebar {\n width: 100%;\n height: 8px;\n cursor: s-resize;\n border-top: 1px solid #a9a9a9\n}\n\n.note-editor .note-statusbar .note-resizebar .note-icon-bar {\n width: 20px;\n margin: 1px auto;\n border-top: 1px solid #a9a9a9\n}\n\n.note-editor .note-popover .popover {\n max-width: none\n}\n\n.note-editor .note-popover .popover .popover-content {\n padding: 5px\n}\n\n.note-editor .note-popover .popover .popover-content a {\n display: inline-block;\n max-width: 200px;\n overflow: hidden;\n text-overflow: ellipsis;\n white-space: nowrap;\n vertical-align: middle\n}\n\n.note-editor .note-popover .popover .popover-content .btn-group + .btn-group {\n margin-left: 5px\n}\n\n.note-editor .note-popover .popover .arrow {\n left: 20px\n}\n\n.note-editor .note-handle .note-control-selection {\n position: absolute;\n display: none;\n border: 1px solid black\n}\n\n.note-editor .note-handle .note-control-selection > div {\n position: absolute\n}\n\n.note-editor .note-handle .note-control-selection .note-control-selection-bg {\n width: 100%;\n height: 100%;\n background-color: black;\n -webkit-opacity: .3;\n -khtml-opacity: .3;\n -moz-opacity: .3;\n opacity: .3;\n -ms-filter: alpha(opacity=30);\n filter: alpha(opacity=30)\n}\n\n.note-editor .note-handle .note-control-selection .note-control-handle {\n width: 7px;\n height: 7px;\n border: 1px solid black\n}\n\n.note-editor .note-handle .note-control-selection .note-control-holder {\n width: 7px;\n height: 7px;\n border: 1px solid black\n}\n\n.note-editor .note-handle .note-control-selection .note-control-sizing {\n width: 7px;\n height: 7px;\n background-color: white;\n border: 1px solid black\n}\n\n.note-editor .note-handle .note-control-selection .note-control-nw {\n top: -5px;\n left: -5px;\n border-right: 0;\n border-bottom: 0\n}\n\n.note-editor .note-handle .note-control-selection .note-control-ne {\n top: -5px;\n right: -5px;\n border-bottom: 0;\n border-left: none\n}\n\n.note-editor .note-handle .note-control-selection .note-control-sw {\n bottom: -5px;\n left: -5px;\n border-top: 0;\n border-right: 0\n}\n\n.note-editor .note-handle .note-control-selection .note-control-se {\n right: -5px;\n bottom: -5px;\n cursor: se-resize\n}\n\n.note-editor .note-handle .note-control-selection .note-control-selection-info {\n right: 0;\n bottom: 0;\n padding: 5px;\n margin: 5px;\n font-size: 12px;\n color: white;\n background-color: black;\n -webkit-border-radius: 5px;\n -moz-border-radius: 5px;\n border-radius: 5px;\n -webkit-opacity: .7;\n -khtml-opacity: .7;\n -moz-opacity: .7;\n opacity: .7;\n -ms-filter: alpha(opacity=70);\n filter: alpha(opacity=70)\n}\n\n.note-editor .note-dialog > div {\n display: none\n}\n\n.note-editor .note-dialog .note-image-dialog .note-dropzone {\n min-height: 100px;\n margin-bottom: 10px;\n font-size: 30px;\n line-height: 4;\n color: lightgray;\n text-align: center;\n border: 4px dashed lightgray\n}\n\n.note-editor .note-dialog .note-help-dialog {\n font-size: 12px;\n color: #ccc;\n background: transparent;\n background-color: #222 !",
"important;\n border: 0;\n -webkit-opacity: .9;\n -khtml-opacity: .9;\n -moz-opacity: .9;\n opacity: .9;\n -ms-filter: alpha(opacity=90);\n filter: alpha(opacity=90)\n}\n\n.note-editor .note-dialog .note-help-dialog .modal-content {\n background: transparent;\n border: 1px solid white;\n -webkit-border-radius: 5px;\n -moz-border-radius: 5px;\n border-radius: 5px;\n -webkit-box-shadow: none;\n -moz-box-shadow: none;\n box-shadow: none\n}\n\n.note-editor .note-dialog .note-help-dialog a {\n font-size: 12px;\n color: white\n}\n\n.note-editor .note-dialog .note-help-dialog .title {\n padding-bottom: 5px;\n font-size: 14px;\n font-weight: bold;\n color: white;\n border-bottom: white 1px solid\n}\n\n.note-editor .note-dialog .note-help-dialog .modal-close {\n font-size: 14px;\n color: #dd0;\n cursor: pointer\n}\n\n.note-editor .note-dialog .note-help-dialog .note-shortcut-layout {\n width: 100%\n}\n\n.note-editor .note-dialog .note-help-dialog .note-shortcut-layout td {\n vertical-align: top\n}\n\n.note-editor .note-dialog .note-help-dialog .note-shortcut {\n margin-top: 8px\n}\n\n.note-editor .note-dialog .note-help-dialog .note-shortcut th {\n font-size: 13px;\n color: #dd0;\n text-align: left\n}\n\n.note-editor .note-dialog .note-help-dialog .note-shortcut td:first-child {\n min-width: 110px;\n padding-right: 10px;\n font-family: \"Courier New\";\n color: #dd0;\n text-align: right\n}\n\n.note-editor .note-editable {\n padding: 20px;\n overflow: auto;\n outline: 0\n}\n\n.note-editor .note-editable[contenteditable=\"false\"] {\n background-color: #e5e5e5\n}\n\n.note-editor .note-codable {\n display: none;\n width: 100%;\n padding: 10px;\n margin-bottom: 0;\n font-family: Menlo, Monaco, monospace, sans-serif;\n font-size: 14px;\n color: #ccc;\n background-color: #222;\n border: 0;\n -webkit-border-radius: 0;\n -moz-border-radius: 0;\n border-radius: 0;\n box-shadow: none;\n -webkit-box-sizing: border-box;\n -moz-box-sizing: border-box;\n -ms-box-sizing: border-box;\n box-sizing: border-box;\n resize: none\n}\n\n.note-editor .dropdown-menu {\n min-width: 90px\n}\n\n.note-editor .dropdown-menu.right {\n right: 0;\n left: auto\n}\n\n.note-editor .dropdown-menu.right::before {\n right: 9px;\n left: auto !",
"important\n}\n\n.note-editor .dropdown-menu.right::after {\n right: 10px;\n left: auto !",
"important\n}\n\n.note-editor .dropdown-menu li a i {\n color: deepskyblue;\n visibility: hidden\n}\n\n.note-editor .dropdown-menu li a.checked i {\n visibility: visible\n}\n\n.note-editor .note-fontsize-10 {\n font-size: 10px\n}\n\n.note-editor .note-color-palette {\n line-height: 1\n}\n\n.note-editor .note-color-palette div .note-color-btn {\n width: 17px;\n height: 17px;\n padding: 0;\n margin: 0;\n border: 1px solid #fff\n}\n\n.note-editor .note-color-palette div .note-color-btn:hover {\n border: 1px solid #000\n}"
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"If it is possible.. Do I need to add some classes into these projects or just edit these generated classes?",
"\nOr is the better way to use 2D GEF based editor rather than GMF based??",
"\n\nThx for help and for answers.",
"\nPeter]]>peter jurkovsky2012-02-28T17:14:36-00:00Re: 3D-fication of 2D-GMF based editorhttps://www.eclipse.org/forums/index.php/mv/msg/300302/809313/#msg_809313\nOn 28.02.12 18:14, peter jurkovsky wrote:\n> I need help with 3D-fication of 2D GMF based graphical editor.",
"\n>\n> I can generate 2D editor using GMF dashboard and i want to 3D-ficate\n> this editor using GEF3D.\n\nThere exists an article about how to 3D-fy an GMF based editor,\nunfortunately this article is in German. ",
"Even more unfortunate, this\narticle is not available online... I will contact the publishers, maybe\nwe can find a way to make it public.",
"\n\nMeanwhile take a look at the 3D-Ecore-Editor, as this example is a\n3D-fied GMF based editor. ",
"The project is called\norg.eclipse.gef3d.examples.ecore, and it is contained in the GEF3D Git\ncode repository in the examples folder. ",
"There is also a 3D-fied version\nof the UML2 tools editor (which actually are 3 editors for activity, use\ncase, and class diagrams), which is also GMF based---however you will\nneed Eclipse Galileo to test that.",
"\n\nIf you examine the 3D ecore editor, you will see that there are only 6\nclasses to be created, and some settings in the plugin.xml. ",
"I think you\ncould simply follow the ecore example. ",
"Here's a brief description:\n\n- create a new editor, extending the generated GMF editor. ",
"If you want\nto use this editor in a multi-editor, you have to implement the\ninterface INestableEditorWithEditingDomain. ",
"See EcoreDiagramEditor3D as\nan example. ",
"The implementation is a little bit longer, as Java does not\nsupport multi-inheritance. ",
"But most things are simple copy and paste.",
"\nDon't forget to configue a ProviderAcceptor in order to disable the 3D\nstuff in a 2D editor (cf. ",
"configureProviderAcceptor()).",
"\n\n- you have to replace the top-level edit part, e.g., the package or\nmodel element (in case of Ecore, it is the DiagramEditPart3D). ",
"Again,\nhave to extend the matching GMF generated 2D version.",
"\n\n- also, extend the created edit part factory in order to create the new\n3D enabled edit part (cf. ",
"EcoreEditPartFactory3D)\n\n- since GMF uses providers, you will have to implement a new provider,\nusing the new 3D enabled edit part factory (cf. ",
"EcoreEditPartProvider3D)\n\n- register the editor(s) and the provider in the plugin.xml\n\nIf you want to create a multi editor (i.e., an editor capable of\ndisplaying several 2D diagrams on planes in a single 3D space), take a\nlook at the MultiEcoreGraphicalEditor3D found in the same package. ",
"This\nis a demonstration of how to create a multi editor supporting the\n3D-fied GMF editor.",
"\nIf you want to use a single shared TransactionalEditingDomain, things\nget a bit more complicated. ",
"In\nEcoreDiagramEditor3D.setDocumentProvider(IEditorInput)\na new document provider is created for ecore, in UML (cf.",
"\nUMLClassDiagramEditor3D.setDocumentProvider(IEditorInput)) it looks a\nbit different.",
"\n\nCheers,\nJens]]>Jens von Pilgrim2012-02-28T18:24:42-00:00Re: 3D-fication of 2D-GMF based editorhttps://www.eclipse.org/forums/index.php/mv/msg/300302/811392/#msg_811392\nIts a pitty there isnt any tutorial about 3D-fication GMF based editor. ",
"It would be cool to have it online (in english much more cool).",
"\n\nWell, maybe i could examine org.eclipse.gef3d.examples.uml2 project. ",
"There are already implemented 3 diagrams, so i just need to add sequence and deployement diagrams. ",
"Will it be very difficult? ..",
"maybe some hints?"
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"Hasarius insularis\n\nHasarius indularis is a jumping spider that lives on the Socotra Archipelago off the coast of the Yemen.",
"\n\nReferences\n\nCategory:Salticidae\nCategory:Spiders of Asia\nCategory:Spiders described in 2002"
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"Q:\n\nFind and return exact matches (duplicates) in Javascript Array\n\nSo I've been googling a lot and tried to use different filters for arrays and such, to no avail. ",
"\nI have an array with a string like so: \nvar foo = ['1X31UX11','X3U11X1','33X11U12'];\n\nIs there a way to check every string against each other in the array, and if there's an exact match (i.e. the exact same order of characters) it prints how many times the particular string occurs & also prints the string in question?",
"\n\nA:\n\nfunction arrayRepeats(array) {\r\n var returnObject = {};\r\n for (var i = 0; i < array.length; i++) {\r\n if (returnObject[array[i]]) {\r\n returnObject[array[i]]++;\r\n } else {\r\n returnObject[array[i]] = 1;\r\n }\r\n }\r\n return returnObject;\r\n}\r\n\r\nvar foo = ['1X31UX11','X3U11X1','33X11U12'];\r\nconsole.log(arrayRepeats(foo));\r\nvar bar = [1, 1, 2, 1, 3, 1, 31, 3, 1, 5, 4, 1];\r\nconsole.log(arrayRepeats(bar));\n\n"
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"Bottom Line\n\nWould you buy this?",
"\n\nPrice\n\nDesigned exclusively for use with the Vodafone network, the BlackBerry 8707v is an update to their 8707 handset, adding 3G capabilities to what already was a quite impressive unit. ",
"The 8700v (v standing for Vodafone) offers the convenient push email functionality that BlackBerry's are famous for, while also providing excellent battery life and a comfortable keyboard, but its asking price is a little higher than we'd like to see.",
"\n\nThe most notable feature of the 8707v is once again its 35-key QWERTY keyboard. ",
"The keys are well raised and comfortable to press. ",
"We managed to achieve fairly reasonable typing speeds on the 8707v, so it's clear this is a real advantage for business users. ",
"One issue we did discover however was the size of the keys - they are very small, so those with large fingers will find themselves hitting multiple keys at once.",
"\n\nThe other key feature of the 8707v is push email, which is a service that retrieves emails from your account and forwards them directly to your PDA. ",
"The 8707v allows you to access up to ten email accounts simultaneously on this unit and it supports many popular ISP email accounts as well as Microsoft Exchange and IBM Lotus Domino. ",
"When located near a wireless network, the 8707v uses it to retrieve email, but do note that when you're on the road it uses GPRS, and thus you will be charged standard WAP fees every time you retrieve email. ",
"It is also possible to synchronise calendar, address book, email and task lists between a desktop PC and the handheld via the straightforward bundled software. ",
"The unit charges over a standard mini-USB connection, which is also a nice touch.",
"\n\nThe 8707v is very easy to operate thanks to an intuitive scroll wheel and back key on its right hand side. ",
"The 3-way scroll wheel doubles as an enter key when pressed in, and combined with the back key, makes it effortless to browse through the unit's interface. ",
"Those who are left handed may have problems though, as this set of controls has really been designed to work best with the thumb - left hander's will naturally use their index finger to operate the scroll wheel and this could get uncomfortable very quickly.",
"\n\nIn addition to these controls, RIM has also included dedicated answer and end call buttons as well as a menu button. ",
"These are located on the front of the 8707v (above the keyboard) and worked well during testing. ",
"There is a power button at the top of the unit and the flashing LED above the screen lets you know when you receive new emails or messages. ",
"A mini-USB port for charging and synchronising the device (a standard mini-USB cable is included in the sales package), a 2.5mm headphone jack and a dedicated audio profile button (Silent, Outdoors, Office etc.) ",
"are all located on the left hand side.",
"\n\nThe 8707v's screen also impressed us. ",
"A QVGA 320 x 240 resolution LCD display, it includes what RIM dub \"intelligent auto-sensing technology\", which automatically adjusts the backlight and keyboard lighting to suit your surroundings. ",
"For example, if you are in the dark, the light will appear brighter, but if you are outside in the sun it will turn itself off. ",
"Our testing found this was quite effective and it had a noticeable impact on the display.",
"\n\nThis BlackBerry has a fairly standard design and despite possessing a full QWERTY keyboard and a wealth of features, it only weighs 134 grams. ",
"The unit measures 110mm x 69.5mm x 19.5mm so although it is bulkier than a regular smart phone, it is still small and light enough to slide into your pocket or bag. ",
"Fashion fanatics may be disappointed though - this is a business phone and the design reflects this.",
"\n\nThe 8707v is powered by an Intel PCA901 cellular processor and this helps its speedy operation. ",
"The unit is very fast, even when multiple applications are running. ",
"The 8707v also includes 64MB of flash memory and 16MB SDRAM and comes running the standard Blackberry OS, which is fairly intuitive but not particularly outstanding. ",
"It supports quad-band GSM/GPRS networks as well as 3G, but there is no camera for video calling or image capture which we found a little strange. ",
"Some business orientated 3G capable phones don't have video calling functionality, claiming it is not a necessity on such a device, but we think it would still be useful for conference calling. ",
"A fully integrated HTML web browser is included though.",
"\n\nRIM has included a fairly standard array of mobile phone features on the 8707v, including a hands free speakerphone, speed dialling, conference calling and call forwarding features. ",
"PDA features are also available with a calendar, address book, alarm clock and To-Do list. ",
"However, the lack of a stylus and touch screen and a limited number of third party applications mean its performance as a PDA leaves a little to be desired.",
"\n\nAccording to RIM, the 8707v battery life is 16 days standby time and four hours talk time. ",
"We found we had to charge the unit every three days or so with moderate usage. ",
"Audio quality was also excellent - even in noisy environments the audio was loud and clear. ",
"The speakerphone was similarly impressive with great volume and clarity.",
"\n\nOverall, the BlackBerry 8707v adds 3G capabilities to an already solid business smart phone. ",
"Its keyboard and push email are once again its main strengths, but it does come at a price. ",
"If you are a mobile professional who always requires e-mail access though, you won't be fazed at all.",
"\n\nPCW Evaluation Team\n\nI would recommend this device for families and small businesses who want one safe place to store all their important digital content and a way to easily share it with friends, family, business partners, or customers.",
"\n\nReproduction in whole or in part in any form or medium without express written permission of IDG Communications is prohibited. ",
"Copyright 2013 IDG Communications.",
"\nABN 14 001 592 650. ",
"All rights reserved.",
"\n\nContact Us\n\nWith over 25 years of brand awareness and credibility, Good Gear Guide (formerly PC World Australia), consistently delivers editorial excellence through award-winning content and trusted product reviews."
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"Hsp90 phosphorylation is linked to its chaperoning function. ",
"Assembly of the reovirus cell attachment protein.",
"\nStudies on Hsp90 have mainly focused on its involvement in the activation of several families of protein kinases and of steroid hormone receptors. ",
"Little is known regarding the role of Hsp90 in the folding of nascent proteins. ",
"We previously reported that Hsp90 plays an active role in the posttranslational assembly of the C-terminal globular head of the reovirus attachment protein final sigma1. ",
"We show here that Hsp90 becomes phosphorylated in this process. ",
"However, only the unphosphorylated form of Hsp90 is complexed with final sigma1, suggesting that Hsp90 phosphorylation is coupled to the release of the chaperone from the target protein. ",
"Geldanamycin, which blocks final sigma1 maturation by preventing the release of Hsp90 from final sigma1, also inhibits Hsp90 phosphorylation. ",
"Taken together, these results demonstrate that Hsp90 phosphorylation is linked to its chaperoning function."
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"Are you violating antitrust laws?",
"\nA hospital enters into an exclusive contract for staffing of its emergency room. ",
"Physicians band together into a managed care organization. ",
"Another hospital enters into an exclusive contract for anesthesiology services. ",
"Yet another agrees to refer patients exclusively to a vendor of durable medical equipment. ",
"These and similar arrangements, increasingly common in the health care industry, have one thing in common: They have been challenged repeatedly as antitrust violations. ",
"The providers have won some of these lawsuits and lost others. ",
"Short of avoiding all exclusive contracts, how can you avoid such a lawsuit, or at least improve your chance of winning it? ",
"This article outlines the antitrust principles that apply to exclusive contracts and joint ventures between health care providers. ",
"Its purpose is to alert you to situations that may implicate the antitrust laws. ",
"Because antitrust law is complex and turns on the specific facts of each situation, you should consult with your legal counsel whenever antitrust questions arise."
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"Direct synthesis of novel homogeneous nanocomposites of Li2MnSiO4 and carbon as a potential Li-ion battery cathode material.",
"\nHomogeneous nanocomposites of nanocrystalline Li2MnSiO4 and carbon as well as a carbon nanotubes-embedded nanocomposite are synthesized directly by a novel method using organic-inorganic hybrid polymers which consist of covalently bonded phenolic oligomer and siloxane parts. ",
"The nanocomposites show superior charge-discharge performance at room temperature in spite of low carbon contents."
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"Niels Dekker\n\nNiels Dekker (born April 22, 1983) is a Dutch born Canadian former soccer player who played in the Canadian Professional Soccer League, Eccellenza, Hoofdklasse, and the USL First Division.",
"\n\nPlaying career \nDekker began playing at the youth level at East Elgin Secondary School, where he was a 3 time MVP. ",
"In 1999, he signed with London City in the Canadian Professional Soccer League. ",
"He featured in the postseason semi-final match against the Toronto Olympians, where London was defeated 4-1. ",
"In 2002, he went abroad to Italy where he played with ASD Massa Lombarda in the Eccellenza. ",
"After two seasons in the Eccellenza he returned to the Netherlands to play with BVV Barendrecht in the Hoofdklasse. ",
"In 2005, he returned to Canada to sign with the Toronto Lynx of the USL First Division. ",
"He made his debut on April 23, 2005 against Portland Timbers. ",
"The following season he helped his team to a 10-game undefeated streak at home, and also reached the Open Canada Cup final, but finished runners up to Ottawa St. Anthony Italia.",
"\n\nReferences \n\nCategory:1983 births\nCategory:Living people\nCategory:Canadian soccer players\nCategory:London City players\nCategory:BVV Barendrecht players\nCategory:Toronto Lynx players\nCategory:Canadian Professional Soccer League (1998–2005) players\nCategory:USL First Division players\nCategory:Soccer people from Ontario\nCategory:Association football midfielders"
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"South Padre Island\n\nSouth Padre Island is a barrier island in the U.S. state of Texas. ",
"It is located in Cameron County and in Willacy County. ",
"South Padre Island was formed when the creation of the Port Mansfield Channel split Padre Island in two. ",
"The resort city of South Padre Island, a popular vacation destination, is located on the island.",
"\n\nBefore the arrival of European settlers in North America, the island was inhabited by native tribes. ",
"Western settlement is considered to have been started by Padre Jose Nicolas Balli, who set up a cattle ranch early in the 19th century. ",
"He and his family were driven out by the Mexican–American War and were unable to return because of the American Civil War.",
"\n\nMost of the island was closed by the National Park Service until 1962, after which settlement was allowed, and incomers began to establish an economy on the island and neighboring Port Isabel. ",
" By 1978, the island had a population of around 314; a decade later, it had a population of 1,012 and 111 businesses. ",
"Being mainly coastline, the island's main source of income is tourism, with tens of thousands of college students flocking to the island every Spring Break. ",
"In winter, the island hosts \"winter Texans\": people (often retirees) from colder states who winter in the warm Texas climate. ",
"Isla Blanca Park, a preserve and recreational park, is located at the southern end of the island.",
"\n\nReferences\n\n \n Destination South Padre Island\n\nSee also\n\nPadre Island\nNorth Padre Island\nPadre Island National Seashore\n\nCategory:Landforms of Cameron County, Texas\nCategory:Landforms of Willacy County, Texas\nSouth Padre"
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"Eraser (No Age song)\n\n\"Eraser\" is the first single from Los Angeles-based band No Age's second album, Nouns. ",
"It was released on Sub Pop on April 8, 2008 on the 7\" Single format. ",
"It features 4 tracks, of which only one is an original song. ",
"According to Pitchfork Media, the covers came about when the band were trapped in their car during a snowstorm for 14 hours. ",
"During that time, they taught themselves to play the songs.",
"\n\nTrack listing\n \"Eraser\" - 2:43\n \"Don't Stand Still\" (Nate Denver's Neck cover) - 2:12\n \"Male Masturbation\" (Urinals cover) - 1:29\n \"When You Find Out\" (The Nerves cover) - 2:07\n\nReferences\n\nCategory:2008 singles\nCategory:2008 songs\nCategory:Sub Pop singles"
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"Q:\n\nDynamic creation of list and adding HTML Tags in the each newly created element\n\nI am using gridster for one of my project and my main aim is to create the widgets dynamically.",
"The number of widgets I need to create will come from backend(Django).But for now I want to write a simple javascript code to create the widgets dynamically and I am hardcoding the value of the number of dynamic widgets\nAfter reading a bit I found the following code \n<ul>\n<script type=\"text/javascript\">\nvar ul = document.createElement(\"ul\");\ndocument.body.appendChild(ul);\n\nfor (var i = 1; i <= 3; i++)\n{\n var li = document.createElement(\"li\"); \n li.className = \"file\";\n\n var a = document.createElement(\"a\");\n a.innerHTML = 1;\n\n li.appendChild(a);\n ul.appendChild(li);\n}\n\n</script>\n\nBut my one li element is like following\n <li data-row=\"1\" data-col=\"1\" data-sizex=\"1\" data-sizey=\"1\"><button class=\"delete-button\" style=\"float: right;\">-</button><h3>1</h3></li>\n\nSo in above code I am replacing\na.innerHTML = 1; \n\nwith\na.innerHTML =<button class=\"delete-button\" style=\"float: right;\">-</button>\n<h3>3</h3>\n\nBut this is not working at all.",
"I even know that this is not exactly what I want But this is just a step before the actual desired output\nThis is just 2nd day I have started with jquery/javascript and gridster\nAny help would be appreciated \n\nA:\n\na.innerHTML =<button class=\"delete-button\" style=\"float: right;\">-</button>\n<h3>3</h3>\n\nYou are trying to append elements to another element. ",
"This means that a will become the parent element, and button and h3 will become child elements.",
"\nTo do this we first have to create the button like so:\nvar button = document.createElement('button');\nbutton.classList.add('delete-button');\nbutton.style.cssFloat = 'right';\n\nThen we create the h3:\nvar h3 = document.createElement('h3');\nh3.innerHTML = '3';\n\nThen we append the elements to the a:\na.append(button);\na.append(h3);\n\nThis should do what you want :)\n\n"
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[
"This invention relates to a pumping system useful in dispensing fluids, especially those which are expensive, viscous, high purity, and/or sensitive to molecular shear.",
"\nThe invention has numerous applications, but is especially useful in the microelectronics industry. ",
"The trend in that industry is to squeeze greater quantities of circuitry onto smaller substrates. ",
"Circuit geometries have been shrunk to less than one micron. ",
"In that microscopic world, the slightest particle of contamination can create a defect, decreasing production yields, degrading device performance, and reducing device reliability.",
"\nFor this and other reasons, modern manufacturing techniques in the microelectronics and other industries sometimes involve decontaminated \"cleanroom\" environments. ",
"Many of these techniques also use advanced process chemicals, some of which are very expensive. ",
"For example, certain chemicals used to process semiconductors can cost $15,000 or more per gallon, and the semiconductor substrates can be worth $20,000 or more at that stage of processing.",
"\nTo be useful in cleanroom environments and applications, however, the chemicals must be filtered. ",
"Because of the viscosities and sensitivities of the fluids, they must be filtered at low flow rates and under low pressure to minimize molecular shear on the fluids. ",
"Prior art devices do not meet these parameters in certain production-line operations.",
"\nFor example, some operations require a periodic, non-continuous \"shot\" of fluid. ",
"Such \"shots\" sometimes consume only a small part of the pump's cycle time, leaving the pump and/or filter idle during the remainder of the cycle. ",
"During that relatively brief moment when a shot occurs, high pressure must be used to achieve a flow rate sufficient to dispense an appropriate amount of fluid. ",
"As noted above, such high pressures and flow rates can damage sensitive fluids.",
"\nIn addition, low pressure filtration is generally recognized as the best way to effectively eliminate gel slugs in, and remove contaminants from, a subject fluid. ",
"If high pressure is used to achieve a desired flow rate through a filter, contaminants can be forced through the filter, rather than retained therein.",
"\nFurthermore, many operations, especially in the semiconductor industry, apply only small amounts of fluid to each unit processed. ",
"In these applications, there is an increased need for precise control over the dispense.",
"\nAdditionally, the reservoir of subject fluid needs to be easily monitored, replaced, and/or replenished. ",
"These dispense systems also need to be easily primed with and purged of subject fluid, to allow the system to be used on more than one fluid, and to reduce fluid shear.",
"\nAt the present time there is no system that satisfactorily meets these various requirements. ",
"In fact, in some research laboratories, these expensive fluids are still being dispensed by hand; that is, lab technicians or scientists pour the fluids directly out of storage containers. ",
"This hand pouring has poor repeatability, involves significant operator technique, does not allow point-of use filtration, and generally causes a tremendous, expensive waste of time and materials. ",
"Production and laboratory costs could be greatly reduced by automating the dispense of these fluids.",
"\nNumerous other problems exist with prior art dispense systems. ",
"In certain operations where relatively high pressure is acceptable and desired to achieve a necessary flow rate, such as through a filter which is still useful even though partially clogged, prior art systems cannot deliver, or are inaccurate when delivering, the required pressure. ",
"The systems have poor predictability and repeatability of results. ",
"Their complicated flowpaths are difficult to purge, and excessive fluid hold-up volumes lead to fluid waste.",
"\nPrior art systems also waste fluid during dispensing and provide little, if any, in the way of \"suck-back\" adjustment. ",
"Suck-back is an adjustment made at the outlet port of a given dispense system, in which the fluid is drawn back slightly inside the port. ",
"This adjustment reduces fluid solvent evaporation at the outlet during idle periods, reduces fluid contamination at the outlet, and most importantly allows for a sharp and dripless cessation of dispense, avoiding waste of the processed fluid.",
"\nAdditionally, prior art systems are not easily automated, their fluid reservoir levels cannot be easily monitored, and they are limited in the range of fluid viscosities which they can dispense. ",
"Finally, complex mechanisms downstream of the filter often generate fluid contaminants.",
"\nFor example, certain prior art systems utilize diaphragm-type pumps in which the diaphragm is actuated by air pressure. ",
"Typically, the actuating air is more compressible than the liquids being pumped. ",
"As air pressure is increased in an attempt to displace the diaphragm and dispense fluid, the actuating air is compressed, in effect \"absorbing\" part of the intended displacement of the diaphragm. ",
"This air compression prevents accurate control and monitoring of the position of the diaphragm and, correspondingly, prevents accurate control and monitoring of the volume and rate of fluid dispensed.",
"\nThe problem is exacerbated if the fluid is being pumped through a filter. ",
"By its nature, the filter becomes clogged during use. ",
"As it becomes clogged, higher pressure is required to achieve a given flow rate through the filter. ",
"Because the air pressure actuating the diaphragm typically remains relatively constant throughout the life of the filter, however, fluid flow rate through the filter decreases as the filter becomes more clogged, making it even more difficult to achieve repeatable, accurate dispense."
] | {
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[
"This dispute concerns the domain names: <t-mobiles.com> and <tmobiles.com>.",
"\n\nThe Registrar with which the domain name is registered is: Namesecure.",
"\n\n3. ",
"Procedural History\n\nThe WIPO Arbitration and Mediation Center (the Center) received the complaint on October 12, 2001, (electronic version) and October 19, 2001 (Hardcopy). ",
"On October 17, 2001, the Center sent a request for registrar verification in connection with this case to Namesecure. ",
"The registrar verification response was received on November 5, 2001. ",
"The notification of complaint was transmitted on November 6, 2001, and the notification of the respondent’s default on November 27, 2001. ",
"On December 4, 2001, the Center received Complainant’s request for suspension of proceedings. ",
"The Center granted the suspension of proceedings on January 29, 2002, and extended the suspension of proceedings on February 27, 2002. ",
"On March 27, 2002, the re-commencement of proceedings took place. ",
"The file was transmitted to the sole Panelist on April 23, 2002.",
"\n\n- In the European Union mark T-Mobile reg. ",
"N° 000485491 since October 20, 1998\n\n- The International mark T-Mobile reg. ",
"N° 680034 since February 26, 1997.",
"\n\nB. The complaint\n\nComplainant alleges that Respondent has no right or legitimate interests in the domain name as Respondent is not and has never been a representative or licensee of Complainant nor is otherwise authorized to use Complainant’s trademark, as Respondent is not known under \"t-mobiles\" or \"tmobiles\" and as Respondent is not using the domain names for a bona fide offering of goods or services or making a legitimate non-commercial or fair use of them.",
"\n\nComplainant alleges that Respondent has registered and used the domain name in bad faith as Respondent is preventing it from registering the disputed domain names and as Respondent tried to sell the domain names to Complainant and warned it that Respondent could transfer the domain names to any other telecommunication company.",
"\n\nC. The Response\n\nThe respondent has not forwarded any response.",
"\n\n5. ",
"Discussion and Findings\n\na) Identical or Confusing Domain Name\n\nThe adding of the single letter \"s\", the plural ending of Complainant’s trademark, in the domain name <t-mobiles.com> is no distinctive feature. ",
"The complainant’s trademark is entirely contained in the domain name. ",
"The omission of the \"-\" spacing sign in the domain name <tmobiles.com> does not decrease the confusing similarity of said domain name with Complainant’s trademark.",
"\n\nb) Respondents Rights or Legitimate Interests in the Domain Names\n\nThe respondent defaulting in the present proceedings has not suggested nor adduced evidence for any circumstance giving rise to a right or legitimate interest in the domain name. ",
"On the contrary, the domain name is not being used, as the corresponding URL address leads to a blank site. ",
"Respondent is therefore not making any legitimate use of the domain name.",
"\n\nc) Domain Name Registered and Used in Bad Faith. ",
"Respondent registered 50 domain names on Namesecure registrar. ",
"Amongst those are three domain names, <iberia-online.com>, <iberia-online.net> and <dhlonline.net>, reproducing the name of well-known companies, namely Iberia, the Spanish Airline company, and DHL, the courier service. ",
"Three other domain names registered by Respondent, <terrabusiness.com>, <menta-online.net> and <guipuzcoanna-online.net>, reproduce the names of important Spanish companies, namely Terra, a famous Spanish Internet Portal, Menta, another Spanish Portal, and Guipuzcoanna, a Transport company. ",
"It appears that Respondent has engaged in a pattern of registering domain names reproducing the trademarks or tradenames of others. ",
"This is prima facie evidence of bad faith, in the absence of any explanation given by Respondent on the possible grant of a license to it by the holders of those trademarks.",
"\n\nFurther, Respondent offered to sell the domain name <t-mobiles.com> to Complainant for 1’000’000 pesetas and the domain names <t-mobiles.com>, <tmobiles.com> as well as domain names corresponding to t-moviles and tmoviles, which Respondent pretended to have registered, for 12’000 Euros. ",
"This is also prima facie evidence of bad faith. ",
"Indeed the Respondent’s intention to sell a domain name at a price greatly exceeding out of pocket-costs directly relating to the domain name, and making therefore a benefit at the expense of the corresponding trademark owner, clearly shows Respondent's bad faith.",
"\n\n6. ",
"Decision\n\nIn the light of the foregoing, the Panel decides that the domain names\nregistered by Respondent are confusingly similar to the corresponding trademarks\nof Complainant, that Respondent has no rights to or legitimate interests\nin respect of those domain names and that the domain names in issue have\nbeen registered and are being used in bad faith by Respondent.",
"\n\nAccordingly the Panel requires that the registration of the domain names\n<t-mobiles.com> and <tmobiles.com> be transferred to Complainant."
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"The role of effort, cognitive expectancy appraisals and coping style in the maintenance of the negative symptoms of schizophrenia.",
"\nThe aim of the present study was to assess the role of psychological factors, specifically effort, coping, and negative expectancy appraisals, in addition to executive functioning and depression, in accounting for negative symptoms broadly defined. ",
"Fifty inpatients with acute schizophrenia participated in a study with a cross-sectional design. ",
"All of the psychological variables had significant partial correlations with some of the measures of negative symptoms when depression was controlled. ",
"A series of multiple regression analyses indicated that executive functioning only made a significant unique contribution to the prediction of affective flattening, whereas psychological factors made unique contributions to the variance in each of the negative symptom subscales apart from affective flattening, as well as to the negative symptom total score, accounting for 9% to 19% of the variance. ",
"These results suggest that, in addition to neuropsychological variables, psychological variables are important for understanding negative symptoms in acute schizophrenia."
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"Combined Research of Dispersed Precipitates in High-Strength Steel\n\nAbstract\n\nDisperse precipitates in high-strength high-chromium martensite-ferrite steel of 0.15C–12Cr–Ni–Mo–W–V composition after various modes simulating the after-forging annealing were investigated. ",
"The investigated metal after holding at 1050°С for 1 h and quenching in oil was heat treated (HT) in two modes: HT 1—the after-forging annealing at 700°С for 6 h to relieve stresses; HT 2—HT 1 with the following isothermal annealing, heating to 1000°С, short holding, cooling to 700°С, and holding for 16 h. On the basis of the combined research, including optical metallography, X-ray phase analysis, transmission electron microscopy, and small-angle X-ray scattering, it was found that the tempered martensite structure with the ferrite phase of less than 1% was formed in the steel after HT 1; and after HT 2, transition from the martensiteferrite to ferrite-pearlite state took place; significant growth of carbides of the (Fe Cr)23C6 type and substructural components (coherent scattering areas, electron density inhomogeneity) was found; and finely dispersed particles of vanadium carbide V2C about 30 nm in size were formed."
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[
"/* udns_rr_srv.c\n parse/query SRV IN (rfc2782) records\n\n Copyright (C) 2005 Michael Tokarev <mjt@corpit.ru>\n This file is part of UDNS library, an async DNS stub resolver.",
"\n\n This library is free software; you can redistribute it and/or\n modify it under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public\n License as published by the Free Software Foundation; either\n version 2.1 of the License, or (at your option) any later version.",
"\n\n This library is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,\n but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of\n MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. ",
" See the GNU\n Lesser General Public License for more details.",
"\n\n You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public\n License along with this library, in file named COPYING.LGPL; if not,\n write to the Free Software Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place,\n Suite 330, Boston, MA 02111-1307 USA\n\n Copyright 2005 Thadeu Lima de Souza Cascardo <cascardo@minaslivre.org>\n\n 2005-09-11:\n Changed MX parser file into a SRV parser file\n\n */\n\n#include <string.h>\n#include <stdlib.h>\n#include <assert.h>\n#include \"udns.h\"\n\nint\ndns_parse_srv(dnscc_t *qdn, dnscc_t *pkt, dnscc_t *cur, dnscc_t *end,\n void **result) {\n struct dns_rr_srv *ret;\n struct dns_parse p;\n struct dns_rr rr;\n int r, l;\n char *sp;\n dnsc_t srv[DNS_MAXDN];\n\n assert(dns_get16(cur+2) == DNS_C_IN && dns_get16(cur+0) == DNS_T_SRV);\n\n /* first, validate the answer and count size of the result */\n l = 0;\n dns_initparse(&p, qdn, pkt, cur, end);\n while((r = dns_nextrr(&p, &rr)) > 0) {\n cur = rr.dnsrr_dptr + 6;\n r = dns_getdn(pkt, &cur, end, srv, sizeof(srv));\n if (r <= 0 || cur !",
"= rr.dnsrr_dend)\n return DNS_E_PROTOCOL;\n l += dns_dntop_size(srv);\n }\n if (r < 0)\n return DNS_E_PROTOCOL;\n if (!",
"p.dnsp_nrr)\n return DNS_E_NODATA;\n\n /* next, allocate and set up result */\n l += dns_stdrr_size(&p);\n ret = malloc(sizeof(*ret) + sizeof(struct dns_srv) * p.dnsp_nrr + l);\n if (!",
"ret)\n return DNS_E_NOMEM;\n ret->dnssrv_nrr = p.dnsp_nrr;\n ret->dnssrv_srv = (struct dns_srv *)(ret+1);\n\n /* and 3rd, fill in result, finally */\n sp = (char*)(ret->dnssrv_srv + p.dnsp_nrr);\n for (dns_rewind(&p, qdn), r = 0; dns_nextrr(&p, &rr); ++r) {\n ret->dnssrv_srv[r].name = sp;\n cur = rr.dnsrr_dptr;\n ret->dnssrv_srv[r].priority = dns_get16(cur);\n ret->dnssrv_srv[r].weight = dns_get16(cur+2);\n ret->dnssrv_srv[r].port = dns_get16(cur+4);\n cur += 6;\n dns_getdn(pkt, &cur, end, srv, sizeof(srv));\n sp += dns_dntop(srv, sp, DNS_MAXNAME);\n }\n dns_stdrr_finish((struct dns_rr_null *)ret, sp, &p);\n *result = ret;\n return 0;\n}\n\n/* Add a single service or proto name prepending an undescore (_),\n * according to rfc2782 rules.",
"\n * Return 0 or the label length.",
"\n * Routing assumes dn holds enouth space for a single DN label. */",
"\nstatic int add_sname(dnsc_t *dn, const char *sn) {\n int l = dns_ptodn(sn, 0, dn + 1, DNS_MAXLABEL-1, NULL);\n if (l <= 1 || l - 2 !",
"= dn[1])\n /* Should we really check if sn is exactly one label? ",
" Do we care? */",
"\n return 0;\n dn[0] = l - 1;\n dn[1] = '_';\n return l;\n}\n\n/* Construct a domain name for SRV query from the given name, service and proto.",
"\n * The code allows any combinations of srv and proto (both are non-NULL,\n * both NULL, or either one is non-NULL). ",
" Whenever it makes any sense or not\n * is left as an exercise to programmer.",
"\n * Return negative value on error (malformed query) or addition query flag(s).",
"\n */\nstatic int\nbuild_srv_dn(dnsc_t *dn, const char *name, const char *srv, const char *proto)\n{\n int p = 0, l, isabs;\n if (srv) {\n l = add_sname(dn + p, srv);\n if (!",
"l)\n return -1;\n p += l;\n }\n if (proto) {\n l = add_sname(dn + p, proto);\n if (!",
"l)\n return -1;\n p += l;\n }\n l = dns_ptodn(name, 0, dn + p, DNS_MAXDN - p, &isabs);\n if (l < 0)\n return -1;\n return isabs ? ",
"DNS_NOSRCH : 0;\n}\n\nstruct dns_query *\ndns_submit_srv(struct dns_ctx *ctx,\n const char *name, const char *srv, const char *proto,\n int flags, dns_query_srv_fn *cbck, void *data) {\n dnsc_t dn[DNS_MAXDN];\n int r = build_srv_dn(dn, name, srv, proto);\n if (r < 0) {\n dns_setstatus (ctx, DNS_E_BADQUERY);\n return NULL;\n }\n return\n dns_submit_dn(ctx, dn, DNS_C_IN, DNS_T_SRV, flags | r,\n dns_parse_srv, (dns_query_fn *)cbck, data);\n}\n\nstruct dns_rr_srv *\ndns_resolve_srv(struct dns_ctx *ctx,\n const char *name, const char *srv, const char *proto, int flags)\n{\n dnsc_t dn[DNS_MAXDN];\n int r = build_srv_dn(dn, name, srv, proto);\n if (r < 0) {\n dns_setstatus(ctx, DNS_E_BADQUERY);\n return NULL;\n }\n return (struct dns_rr_srv *)\n dns_resolve_dn(ctx, dn, DNS_C_IN, DNS_T_SRV, flags | r, dns_parse_srv);\n}\n"
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[
"Q:\n\nHow do I programmatically launch a specific application?",
"\n\nI want to launch a specif application.",
"\nI know how to do Intents but I want to avoid the selection menu if there are multiple apps that can handle the intent, I want to go directly to a particular app. ",
"Hope this makes sense.",
"\n\nA:\n\nYou should use the function of the package manager.",
"\nContext ctx=this; // or you can replace **'this'** with your **ActivityName.this**\ntry {\nIntent i = ctx.getPackageManager().getLaunchIntentForPackage(\"com.twidroid.",
"SendTweet\");\nctx.startActivity(i);\n} catch (NameNotFoundException e) {\n // TODO Auto-generated catch block\n}\n\nA:\n\nYou use the package name / class directly, for example to create a new intent to call the twidroid program you'd use the followinglink text:\n Intent intent = new Intent(\"com.twidroid.",
"SendTweet\");\n\nYou'd probably want to put a try/catch around for a ActivityNotFoundException for when the application is not installed.",
"\n\nA:\n\nIntent intent = new Intent(); \nintent.setClassName(\"package.name\", \"package.name.",
"LauncherActivityName\");\nstartActivityForResult(intent,REQUEST_CODE);\n\n"
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"A Georgetown University grad received a standing ovation on Saturday when he stood up out of his wheelchair and walked across the stage with the help of an aide and a walker to receive his diploma, two years after breaking his neck in a football game.",
"\n\nTy Williams, who played linebacker for the Hoyas at the time of his injury, received a hug and his diploma from University President John DeGioia. ",
"The touching moment was later shared on social media.",
"\n\nAccording to a tweet from the university, the occasion marked the first time that Williams had walked in two and a half years.",
"\n\nTragedy struck for the Montgomery County native during the Hoyas' 2015 season opener. ",
"While going for a routine tackle, Williams sustained a fractured vertebrae and lost the ability to move his lower body, Fox 5 DC reported.",
"\n\nHe underwent several surgeries and spent the last two years in and out of medical rehab facilities as he worked toward learning how to walk again while completing his undergraduate degree in government.",
"\n\nWilliams, who gave a moving speech at his former high school’s graduation ceremony last year, remains on the Hoyas roster and players wear a No. ",
"2 sticker on the back of their helmets in his honor."
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"Q:\n\nAre JavaScript for Automation questions better suited to Stack Overflow?",
"\n\nAs someone who has quickly adopted JavaScript for Automation, I was wondering whether questions about the language (both broad and technical) are better suited to Stack Overflow or Ask Different. ",
"Instinctively, I assumed Stack Overflow would be a better choice, as it is more geared toward more intensive programming questions. ",
"However, the Ask Different FAQ states the following: \n\nWe do encourage AppleScript, Automator, and UNIX shell scripting questions\n\nI would take this to mean that JavaScript for Automation is \"encouraged\" as well, seeing as it is a part of the OS X Automation suite. ",
"However, would it be more practical to post such a question on Stack Overflow (i.e., would it be more on topic and receive higher-quality answers)?",
"\n\nA:\n\nYou are correct - they are intentionally on-topic here.",
"\nAs a matter of personal opinion, I would like to think that here is the best place to ask if the focus on the OS X / API / SDK side of things. ",
"I don't think the pure JS knowledge base here approaches 1/100 of what's on Stack Overflow, so I would steer anyone that just needs help with JavaScript, the dialect / language to ask elsewhere. ",
"I think this would be similar to someone asking a Python / pyobjc question. ",
"It would work in both places.",
"\nIt's totally on-topic to ask Apple scripting using javascript here - even if it's pure JS.",
"\nIt should be totally on-topic to ask the same sort of question at Stack Overflow.",
"\nSo, like other split situations (here vs Super User) - it really ends up being the preference of the asker as to where they want to receive an answer. ",
"As long as questions aren't identically cross-posted, placing one here or elsewhere would be no issue at all.",
"\n\n"
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[
"1. ",
"Field of the Invention\nThis invention generally relates to emissive polymers and, in particular, to emissive aggregates of polymers.",
"\n2. ",
"Description of the Related Art\nTransport properties are important performance determinants of electronic materials in most applications. ",
"Strong, extended electronic interactions can be critical to obtaining molecules and polymers with high charge carrier mobility. ",
"Strong electronic coupling is also a major contributor to intermolecular and intramolecular exciton transport in some conjugated polymers. ",
"Thus, producing extended electronic interactions both within and between electronic polymers can be critical to optimizing the transport of charge and excitons that underpins applications such as transistors, electroluminescent devices, sensors, photovoltaics, and the like. ",
"However, in devices requiring luminescence or exciton transport, some studies have generally avoided strong interpolymer electronic coupling. ",
"The degree of self-quenching that accompanies these interactions lowers the light output of the luminescent devices and may also lower the diffusion length of excitons, which may reduce responses. ",
"As a result, most studies have used larger structures such as dendrimers or smaller rigid scaffolds to prevent interchain interactions. ",
"Thus, the general principles for maintaining high emission quantum yields in electronic polymers (“emissivity”) have been opposed to those for the optimization of charge and exciton transport (“conductivity”) in polymer aggregations."
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[
"Q:\n\nSymfony 2 not loading database config file\n\nI'm new to symfony and im following the book with heroku as host, im trying to flush a object to database with doctrine but im getting the following error:\n\n[2015-08-04 05:23:58] request.",
"CRITICAL: Uncaught PHP Exception\n PDOException: \"SQLSTATE[08006] [7] could not connect to server:\n Connection refused Is the server running on host \"127.0.0.1\" and\n accepting TCP/IP connections on port 5432?\" ",
"at\n /app/vendor/doctrine/dbal/lib/Doctrine/DBAL/Driver/PDOConnection.php\n line 40 {\"exception\":\"[object] (PDOException(code: 7): SQLSTATE[08006]\n [7] could not connect to server: Connection refused\\n\\tIs the server\n running on host \\\"127.0.0.1\\\" and accepting\\n\\tTCP/IP connections on\n port 5432? ",
"at\n /app/vendor/doctrine/dbal/lib/Doctrine/DBAL/Driver/PDOConnection.php:40)\"}\n []\n\nI got my configuration files working (i guess):\n parameters.yml\n database_host: host....\n database_port: 5432\n database_name: ddas1mq8intjqt\n database_user: ymmpjzoqbyokbr\n database_password: password.....\n mailer_transport: smtp\n mailer_host: 127.0.0.1\n mailer_user: null\n mailer_password: null\n secret: ThisTokenIsNotSoSecretChangeIt\n\nand my config.yml:\ndoctrine:\n dbal:\n driver: pdo_pgsql\n host: \"%database_host%\"\n port: \"%database_port%\"\n dbname: \"%database_name%\"\n user: \"%database_user%\"\n password: \"%database_password%\"\n charset: UTF8\n\nI've run the console commands to create the tables from the entity classes and it worked, but creating an object and ->flush seems the problem... don't know if its some server configuration or I've done something wrong.",
"\nThank you\n\nA:\n\nIf console command worked, it might be caused by application cache, especially if you run it in prod environment and you have changed database credentials recently. ",
"Try to clear the cache for environment you are using (first command for dev, second for prod) and run application again.",
"\nphp app/console cache:clear\nphp app/console cache:clear -e prod\n\nI see in error message you used '127.0.0.1', have you tried to type 'localhost' instead? ",
"I have similar issue on shared webhosting.",
"\n\n"
] | {
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[
"Member's Press Release\n\nPresident Cole\n\nCreating Public Charter Schools Act of 2015 Placed On Senate Calendar\nFollowing Floor Motion to Place Bill on First Reading\n\nCHARLESTON – The West Virginia Senate today, by a vote of 18-16, passed a motion to discharge SB 14 – Creating Public Charter Schools Act of 2015 – from the Senate Finance Committee and move it to First Reading on the Senate Floor.",
"\n\nOn Monday, the bill was postponed indefinitely in committee by a vote of 8-6, with three Republican Senators absent from the meeting due to excused absences: Senator Chris Walters, R-Putnam, for a serious family illness; Senator Jeff Mullins, R-Raleigh, for illness; and Sen. Tom Takubo, R-Kanawha, to participate in a deposition. ",
"The bill could only be taken up again in committee had a member who voted on the prevailing side moved to reconsider the vote on that motion.",
"\n\nWest Virginia Senate Rule 34 states: “Any bill, resolution or business may, by majority vote of the members present, be withdrawn from the committee to which it had been referred to be taken from the table, and placed upon the calendar of the Senate in such order of business as the senate may direct: Provided, That those bills, resolutions or business referred to the Committee on Rules under authority of Rule No. ",
"17 may by two-thirds votes of the members present be withdrawn from the Committee on Rules.”",
"\n\nThe full Senate, in adopting its own standing rules, has retained the power to withdraw any bill from any committee, even the President’s committee – the Committee on Rules – when the committee has not, for whatever reason, reported the bill."
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[
"Menu\n\nDay: 12/14/2015\n\nMark this on your calender readers. ",
"Orca Flotta clearly states that she automatically is ready to denounce anything about / or by myself and others. ",
"Why? ",
"Because we don’t agree with her BS or that of her Fascist and Racist"
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[
"k + 19*k**3 + (k - 5*k + 0*k)*(2*k**2 + 3 - 3 - 1) to f*k**2 + g*k**3 + q*k + c and give f.\n0\nRearrange 20 - 65 + 2*v**2 - 31 - 62 to the form t*v + y*v**2 + b and give y.\n2\nRearrange (-50*r + 7*r**2 + 20*r + 23*r)*(-26 + 26 + 6*r + (0 - 3 + 1)*(2*r - 2 + 2)) to the form t*r**3 + y*r**2 + g + m*r and give t.\n14\nRearrange (0 - 1 + 2)*(2*n**3 - 3*n**3 + 3*n**3) + 223*n**3 - 14 + 8 - 222*n**3 to h + f*n + r*n**2 + k*n**3 and give k.\n3\nRearrange 9*y + 14*y - 24 - 28*y to the form m*y + l and give l.\n-24\nExpress ((-1 - 2 + 2)*(-h - 11*h + 20*h) + (-3 - 3 - 4)*(0*h - 5*h + 4*h))*(4 - 2 + 1) as l + q*h and give q.\n6\nRearrange o**3 - o**2 + 21*o**2 + 793 - 798 - 2*o**3 to the form t*o**3 + l*o + h*o**2 + z and give h.\n20\nExpress (0*p - 4*p + 6*p)*(2*p**2 + p**2 - p**2) - p**3 - 5*p**3 + 5*p**3 + 5805 - 4*p**3 - 5803 - 4*p**2 - p + 5*p**2 as f + w*p**2 + g*p + z*p**3 and give f.\n2\nRearrange 0*v**3 + 40*v - 3*v**3 + 8*v**3 - 1 + 167*v**2 - 4*v**4 + 3*v**4 - 169*v**2 to the form j*v**4 + p*v**3 + y*v**2 + s + l*v and give p.\n5\nRearrange (165*c**4 + 333*c**4 + 985*c**4)*(-2 + 3 + 0) to m*c**3 + z*c + v*c**2 + g*c**4 + s and give g.\n1483\nRearrange (-5 + 5 + 2*s - 2)*(-219*s + 3 - 2 + 201*s) to a*s + n + z*s**2 and give z.\n-36\nExpress -31 - 33 - 25 - 12*m**2 + 159 - 33 as p + x*m + n*m**2 and give n.\n-12\nRearrange 70*n**2 + 7*n**2 + 17*n**2 to l*n + w*n**2 + b and give w.\n94\nExpress 4*m**2 + 11*m**3 - 9*m**3 + 2 + 0*m + 2*m**4 - m - 2*m**2 + 12 in the form x*m**2 + j*m + v + o*m**3 + d*m**4 and give x.\n2\nExpress z + 7*z + 7*z**3 - 2*z**3 + (-2*z**2 + 6*z**2 - 2*z**2)*(4*z + 4*z - 6*z) in the form r*z + i + g*z**3 + s*z**2 and give r.\n8\nRearrange -4 + 3*s - 4387*s**2 + 4 + 4339*s**2 to j*s**2 + q + x*s and give x.\n3\nRearrange 5*p - 7 + p**2 - 3*p**4 + 204*p**3 - 206*p**3 + 5 to z*p**3 + u*p**2 + j*p**4 + n*p + m and give n.\n5\nExpress (702 + 32*x - 702)*(4*x - x - 2*x) as a + b*x + t*x**2 and give t.\n32\nExpress 5 - 12 + 2*q**2 + 26 in the form d + z*q + a*q**2 and give d.\n19\nRearrange z - 66 - 2*z**2 + 8*z**2 - 7*z**2 + 5*z to y*z**2 + w*z + r and give w.\n6\nExpress 12*a - 3 - 27*a - 23*a - 2*a in the form z*a + b and give b.\n-3\nExpress (-457*y**3 + 20*y**3 + 144*y**3)*(3*y - 3*y + y) - 5 + 5 - 3*y**4 as f*y + z*y**2 + j*y**4 + s*y**3 + q and give f.\n0\nExpress 68 - 2*o - 125868*o**2 + 47 + 3*o**3 + 125868*o**2 in the form t + k*o**2 + n*o + u*o**3 and give u.\n3\nRearrange -11*k**3 - k + 2 + k**2 + 3*k + 10*k**3 + 4*k**3 to the form i*k + p*k**3 + s*k**2 + x and give s.\n1\nRearrange (-22*z + 18*z - 129*z**2 - 3 + 125*z**2 + (4 - 4 - 2*z)*(-2 + z + 2))*(3*z + z - 5*z) to the form r*z + k*z**2 + s*z**3 + m and give k.\n4\nExpress 1136 + 2351*j - 566 - 570 as y*j + g and give g.\n0\nRearrange 365*y**2 - 818*y**2 + 2 + 409*y**2 to o + w*y + v*y**2 and give o.\n2\nExpress 490*b + 578183 - 578183 in the form x + o*b and give o.\n490\nRearrange 86*v + 15 - 31 + 112*v - v**3 + 16 to a*v**3 + n*v + y + p*v**2 and give a.\n-1\nRearrange -119 + 2*i - 129 + 33*i**2 + 257 to x*i + m + v*i**2 and give m.\n9\nExpress 0*v**3 - 2*v**3 - 2*v + 3*v + (31 - 31 - 6*v**3)*(3 - 3 + 2) in the form p*v + w*v**2 + q*v**3 + r and give p.\n1\nRearrange (282 + 220 + 648 + 1211 - 336)*(-3*s + 3*s - 2*s) to the form q*s + k and give q.\n-4050\nExpress (-20 - 2*u**2 - 10*u + 12*u - 4*u)*(0*u + 4*u - 3*u) as i*u**3 + j*u + p + k*u**2 and give j.\n-20\nRearrange (3*r - 2*r + 2*r)*(-26*r**2 + 156*r**2 + 212*r**2) + (r**2 + 0*r**2 - 2*r**2)*(2*r - 4*r - r) to the form d + c*r + m*r**3 + v*r**2 and give v.\n0\nRearrange -4*c + 13 - 6 - 4 + 22 + 2*c to the form k*c + p and give p.\n25\nRearrange (200*t + 155*t + 188*t - 8*t)*(0*t + 3*t + 2*t) to o*t**2 + s + n*t and give o.\n2675\nRearrange 172*t - 18*t - 16*t - 11*t + 119*t to the form p + y*t and give y.\n246\nRearrange 89 - 1726*r - 89 + 95*r to the form y*r + p and give y.\n-1631\nRearrange 3*o**2 - 3*o**2 - 21*o**3 - 47*o + 6*o + o**4 + 19*o**3 - 1 to the form p*o**2 + q + c*o**4 + g*o**3 + z*o and give z.\n-41\nRearrange -1 + 2*u + 0*u + 3*u + u**3 - 8*u to v*u**2 + t + k*u + h*u**3 and give k.\n-3\nRearrange -997*w - 1200*w + 2399*w + w**2 to s*w + o + n*w**2 and give s.\n202\nExpress (h**3 - 2*h**3 + 0*h**3)*(0 - 1 + 2) - 629*h**3 + 22303*h**2 - 22303*h**2 + 8*h**3 as f*h**2 + q*h**3 + n*h + b and give q.\n-622\nExpress -3 + 14*s - 225*s**2 + 3 + 233*s**2 as c*s**2 + k + x*s and give x.\n14\nRearrange (218 + 49*r**2 - 218)*(r + 0*r + r) to the form z + u*r**2 + k*r + s*r**3 and give s.\n98\nExpress 2*c - 13*c + 3*c + 5*c - 4*c + c - c + 0 + 0 + (-3*c - c + 3*c)*(1 + 2 - 5) - c + 4*c + c - 1 + 1 - 2*c in the form f*c + y and give f.\n-3\nExpress -7*j - 4*j**3 + 20*j + 0 - 9*j - 6 in the form y + t*j**2 + f*j + z*j**3 and give f.\n4\nExpress -67 + 16 + 4*j**2 + 9 + 3 in the form l + y*j + k*j**2 and give k.\n4\nRearrange 14*k + 5*k - 105*k + (3 + 9 + 4)*(-3 + 4 + 1)*(k - 4*k + 5*k) to t*k + u and give t.\n-22\nRearrange (11*m + 13 - 13)*(-1 - 4*m**3 + 11*m**3 + 4*m**3) to c + y*m**2 + t*m**3 + i*m + n*m**4 and give i.\n-11\nRearrange (3 - 2 + 1)*(-4*b**3 + 3*b**3 + 2*b**3)*(-10864803 - 727*b + 10864803 - 1084*b) to s*b**3 + h*b**2 + f*b + t*b**4 + l and give t.\n-3622\nRearrange (12*q**2 - 36*q**2 - 8 + 7*q**2)*((q - 4*q + q)*(3 - 3 - 2*q) - 2*q + 2*q**2 + 2*q) to r*q**3 + n*q**4 + g*q**2 + y*q + j and give n.\n-102\nExpress 6018*i**2 + 55 - 3011*i**2 - 3018*i**2 in the form n + h*i + g*i**2 and give n.\n55\nExpress (-2*b**3 - 3*b + 3*b)*(100*b - 5 + 6 - 218*b + 71*b) as z*b**4 + n*b**2 + i*b + x + o*b**3 and give o.\n-2\nRearrange 1996*u - 3328*u + 3012*u to z + l*u and give z.\n0\nExpress -1 - 8754*z**4 + 2*z - z**2 + 3 + 2*z**3 + 8755*z**4 as m*z**2 + s*z**4 + p*z**3 + d + k*z and give m.\n-1\nRearrange 3 - 3*j**2 - 44*j**4 - 3*j**3 + j - 48*j**4 + 91*j**4 to the form v*j**4 + n*j**3 + a + l*j + m*j**2 and give v.\n-1\nExpress (-59*o**3 + 62*o - 62*o)*(16 - 15 + 22)*(0 - 1 + 0) in the form x + n*o**3 + m*o**2 + w*o and give n.\n1357\nRearrange -233*f**2 + 80 + f**4 - 229*f**2 + 461*f**2 to the form g*f**3 + w + i*f + x*f**2 + z*f**4 and give z.\n1\nRearrange -281*t - 280*t + 38*t**2 - 277*t + 838*t + 2 to x*t**2 + k + r*t and give x.\n38\nRearrange (129 - 82 + 143)*(0*s**3 - 3*s**3 + s**3) to x*s + w*s**2 + m*s**3 + j and give m.\n-380\nExpress (-4 + 4 + 2)*(-x + 2*x + x) - x + x + x + (-3 + 7 - 2)*(2*x - 5*x + x) + (2 - 3 - 6)*(x - 4 + 4) as g + k*x and give k.\n-6\nExpress 9*m**2 + 5*m**2 - m**2 + 9*m + 2*m**3 - 5*m in the form v*m**2 + h*m + o + i*m**3 and give v.\n13\nExpress (-1 + x + 0*x + 0)*(172*x - 25*x + 265*x)*(-3 + 1 + 2*x - 5*x) in the form l*x**3 + j*x + z*x**2 + v and give j.\n824\nExpress (-4*k + 3*k - k)*(-4 + 6 - 4)*(-91*k + 48*k + 284*k) as p*k**2 + s*k + d and give p.\n964\nRearrange (155 + 4*r - 320 + 153)*(1 - 5 + 1) to l*r + g and give g.\n36\nExpress -f**3 - f**2 + 2*f + 4 - 2*f - 2*f in the form h*f + t*f**2 + k*f**3 + s and give k.\n-1\nExpress -20*q**4 + 46*q**4 - 12*q**2 + 10*q**4 - 13*q**4 + 5 - 3 in the form l*q**4 + w*q**3 + j + m*q + i*q**2 and give i.\n-12\nExpress (3*j + j - 2*j)*(-43 - 30 + 69)*(-2*j**2 - 2 + 0*j**2 + 0*j**2) as k*j**2 + m*j**3 + o + g*j and give m.\n16\nRearrange 29*s + 33*s + 15 - 13*s + 10*s - 17 to a*s + c and give c.\n-2\nRearrange (42*o + 33*o - 20*o)*(2 - 2 + 1)*(-1 - 2 + 2) to the form t + q*o and give q.\n-55\nExpress 153*x + 72*x - 33*x + 26*x in the form l + w*x and give w.\n218\nRearrange (-3*l**2 - 10*l**2 - 2*l**2)*(l**2 - 2*l**2 + 0*l**2) - 25*l**4 + 2*l**3 + 26*l**4 - 4*l**3 to j + d*l**3 + n*l**4 + w*l + g*l**2 and give d.\n-2\nRearrange -418*d**2 - 613*d**2 + 322*d**2 to f*d + m*d**2 + x and give m.\n-709\nExpress -6 - 24 + 51 - q**3 - 15*q**4 - 2*q - 25 in the form v*q**4 + m*q**3 + d*q + g + r*q**2 and give v.\n-15\nExpress 5*y**3 + 0*y**2 + y**2 - 8 + 2*y**3 - 11*y**3 - 4*y**3 in the form m*y**3 + l*y**2 + b*y + j and give l.\n1\nExpress 581 - 581 + 1127*y as r + h*y and give h.\n1127\nRearrange (-3 - 1 + 5)*(5*o - 3*o + 0*o) to x*o + k and give k.\n0\nExpress (1 - 1 + 2)*(0*h**2 - 4*h**2 - 2*h**2) - 12*h + 9*h**2 + 33*h + 5*h as k*h + z*h**2 + d and give k.\n26\nExpress 2*n**2 + 159 - 53 - 52 + 2*n - 53 as i*n**2 + r*n + d and give r.\n2\nRearrange (-2 + 7 - 3)*(9*q**2 + 5*q**2 + 2*q**2) + (29*q + 44*q - 22*q)*(-5*q + 2*q + 4*q) to the form v*q + h*q**2 + p and give h.\n83"
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"Author\nTopic: DOTY 2018 rule changes. (",
"Read 4448 times)\n\nKind of curious why are people saying coppers are rare?There are tons of them in Humboldt and I've found quite a few in Mendo. ",
"Are you guys not going in the late evening to night time? ",
"Coppers come out in droves at night.",
"\n\nJust saying.",
"\n\nThe second the weather opens back up here, I'll pop the biggest one I can find (they're not usually that big), post it and drop a pin on a map for you all.",
"\n\nThey are fairly common in norcal if you can dive 100+ feet, i have caught a ton fishing in deeper water, are you sure they dont look like this?",
"\n\nUnofficial rules going in the next couple of days. ",
"Speak now or never. ",
"New added rules that should make Adam and Derek happy.",
"\n\n1. ",
"All entries (fish/scallop) must be taken while freediving without any assistance from another diver. ",
"Assistance is defined as: Finding, marking the hole, luring, chumming or directing another diver to a fish or abalone. ",
"No other diver can load the gun, make a back-up shot, touch spear or iron or assist in the landing of fish or abalone. ",
"You may alert another diver to the possible presence of a fish in a general area, but not a specific area such as; next to my gun, at the end of my float line, right underneath me, in a hole under that big rock, etc.",
"\n\n2. ",
"Chumming is not permitted.",
"\n\n3. ",
"Diving can be from shore or from kayak or dive board. ",
"No motorized vessels or mothershipping or SCUBA.",
"\n\n4. ",
"Photographic evidence of fish/scallops (total length) against a measuring device must be provided. ",
"All entries must be rounded down to the nearest quarter inch. ",
"Pictures are required to show the MOUTH CLOSED of the fish on a Hawg Trough or similar measuring board. ",
"No lip grippers or game clips or stringers can be in the mouth when picture is taken. ",
"You are not allowed to stretch or pull the lips to gain extra length. ",
"This is in accordance with DFG measuring standards. ",
"Multiple pics can be submitted to show mouth closed and touching end of trough (if need be due to rigor mortis making squeezing mouth shut necessary). ",
"Any entries not in compliance will be subject to DQ of entry at discretion of DOTY committee. ",
"Pictures of fish need to be taken BEFORE scaling/gutting etc. ",
"for both ID and accuracy of measurement purposes. ",
"Only pictures that show the ENTIRE fish will be used in judging submissions. ",
"Missing portions of the head or tail in the photograph may result in a disqualification of the submission. “",
"Tail only” shots may be used to clarify full length pictures, but will not be used as the sole factor in determining length. ",
"Committee recommends competitors take pictures of fish from “straight up”, as this assists committee in determining the accurate length of the fish.",
"\n\n5. ",
"Scallops can be measured with calipers or a hawgtrough and knife (see pics for examples). ",
"Both shells must be visible in at least one picture if not still joined together. ",
"Rocks, old shells etc not included in measurement. ",
"Measurements will be rounded down to the nearest quarter inch. ",
"For example: 8.9\" Scallop --> entered as 8.75\" 9\" Scallop --> entered as 9\" 9.1\" Scallop --> entered as 9\" 9.2\" Scallop--> entered as 9\" 9.3\" Scallop --> entered as 9.25\" 9.4\" Scallop --> entered as 9.25\" 9.5\" Scallop --> entered as 9.5\" & so forth Keep your PB shell. ",
"In event of tie at end of year, shells will be calipered as a tie breaker.",
"\n\n6. ",
"The pool is open to NCKA members only and runs from January 1, 2017 to December 31, 2017. ",
"Fish and scallops taken prior to payment of entry fees and joining NCKA are ineligible. ",
"Prospective participants can join NCKA at anytime and then once their fees are paid they are eligible to compete.",
"\n\n7. ",
"Payment of DOTY fees makes the participant eligible to participate in AOTY and vice versa.",
"\n\n8. ",
"Sharing of reports and pics with the NCKA community is STRONGLY encouraged. ",
"Not asking or encouraging people to share secret spots, just encouraging people to share their stories and adventures and reports with the larger group. ",
"Reports and pics are fun!!",
"\n\n9. ",
"All fish and scallops entered must be taken south of the California/Oregon border and north of the mouth of Moro Rock.",
"\n\n11. ",
"Each diver gets ONE freshwater striper entry. ",
"Please be aware this is a touchy subject for a lot of people. ",
"Be respectful and stay within the law. ",
"Freshwater striper diving comes with its own hazards, including possible assault from cranky fisherman who don't want you there. ",
"It's recommended you avoid shooting big landlocked hens, but as long as you stay within the law all fish count.",
"\n\n12. ",
"The biggest fish and scallop from each diver's top fifteen species will be used towards the diver’s total points.",
"\n\n13. ",
"Entries must be posted within 3 days of being taken and photographed. ",
"No \"hoarding\" of entries.",
"\n\n14. ",
"ALL DFG rules must be followed 100%. ",
"Period. ",
"Any breaking of any DFG rules will result in the entry being disqualified, and flogging in public.",
"\n\n15. ",
"If you don't like the rules and don't want to play, don't! ",
"Diving is fun, and this is meant to be fun between friends as well. ",
"We all have bigger and better things to argue/stress/worry about.",
"\n\n16. ",
"AOTY is DIFFERENT than DOTY. ",
"Hook and line fishing is DIFFERENT than freediving/spearfishing. ",
"The rules for both contests are DIFFERENT. ",
"Discussion of rules is encouraged, and will be considered and evaluated for use in future year DOTYs.",
"\n\n17. ",
"DOTY committee members have final say over any and all issues/arguments/controversies.",
"\n\nnoob spearo podcast\n\nTHE SPEAR Spearfishing Podcast\n\nSupport the NCUWH Website\n\nHelp support the NorCal Underwater Hunters Website by donating today.",
"\n\nYour decision to contribute is strictly voluntary. ",
"If you see value in this website: meeting new dive buddies, posting dive reports, a place to post your pictures, sharing great fish stories, plan out of town hunting trips, etc..., then please contribute. ",
"All proceeds go towards supporting the costs to host and maintain this awesome website.",
"\n\nIf you prefer to send a check or money order, please PM me, MATT MATTISON, for the address."
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"The seat of the Verwaltungsgemeinschaft was in Barchfeld. ",
"It was disbanded on 31 December 2012.",
"\n\nThe Verwaltungsgemeinschaft Barchfeld consisted of the following municipalities:\n\n Barchfeld \n Immelborn\n\nCategory:Former Verwaltungsgemeinschaften in Thuringia"
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"Moderator\n\nGoing to be a long season for the New York teams.... Knicks/Nets both are going to suck. ",
"Hell even the 76ers and Celtics are going to suck. ",
"The NBA may as well not even exist in the Northeast this year. ",
"Wizards should be good , they can count as a Tri State area team right?",
"\n\nI'm in MD. ",
"Wizards will be good but they have been treading water in anticipation that Durant may actually make the move back to his home state, which is possible but doubtful. ",
"They will make playoffs, win a series and likely lose in the second round to a team they shoulda/coulda/woulda beat and we'll just have to wonder what could have been.",
"\n\nModerator\n\nI'm in MD. ",
"Wizards will be good but they have been treading water in anticipation that Durant may actually make the move back to his home state, which is possible but doubtful. ",
"They will make playoffs, win a series and likely lose in the second round to a team they shoulda/coulda/woulda beat and we'll just have to wonder what could have been.",
"\n\nClick to expand...\n\nYou know if the Cavs win the title I think this scenario would be more likely. ",
"If Durant were to go to DC and lead the Wiz to a title which with Wall and Beal certainly would be a really fucking good team he could be a God forever in the Mid Atlantic. ",
"He would be up there with Doug Williams and Joe Gibbs.",
"\n\nI agree. ",
"The Wiz are stacked with young talent right now. ",
"Wall and Beal both fit wonderfully with the way Durant wants to play. ",
"Gortat is an above average center. ",
"Porter is a decent 5th player in that scenario. ",
"The team is good enough now imo to contend for the title. ",
"They aren't likely to win it all, but it isn't out of the question if they win it all (similar to Dallas winning it back in ? ",
"was it 2011, longer, 2009? ",
"I'm getting old).",
"\n\nSpurs-Thunder was a great game the other night. ",
"Westbrook was a machine, I can easily see him taking that team over if/when Durant leaves, he basically became the undisputed leader of that club last season.",
"\n\nI'm thinking they are the current front runners for the West finals right now. ",
"Clutch as hell.",
"\n\nSpurs-Thunder was a great game the other night. ",
"Westbrook was a machine, I can easily see him taking that team over if/when Durant leaves, he basically became the undisputed leader of that club last season.",
"\n\nI'm thinking they are the current front runners for the West finals right now. ",
"Clutch as hell.",
"\n\nClick to expand...\n\nI worked the entire game so I didn't get to see a second. ",
"I'm sure in San Antonio it will be a different story. ",
"It's a developed into a wonderful rivalry.",
"\n\nI worked the entire game so I didn't get to see a second. ",
"I'm sure in San Antonio it will be a different story. ",
"It's a developed into a wonderful rivalry.",
"\n\nClick to expand...\n\nYep, it has. ",
"Team building-wise they're pretty similar where they build a lot of depth, but personality-wise they are on opposite ends of the spectrum.",
"\n\nMakes for an exciting game no matter where they play. ",
"It'll probably take a full month for the Spurs to really work LmA into the scheme - ball movement suffered and so did defensive assignments. ",
"But West looks like he's been playing in it for years already.",
"\n\nYep, it has. ",
"Team building-wise they're pretty similar where they build a lot of depth, but personality-wise they are on opposite ends of the spectrum.",
"\n\nMakes for an exciting game no matter where they play. ",
"It'll probably take a full month for the Spurs to really work LmA into the scheme - ball movement suffered and so did defensive assignments. ",
"But West looks like he's been playing in it for years already.",
"\n\nClick to expand...\n\nWell David West is a solid, underrated player. ",
"There's no use in overreacting to the literal 1st game of the season. ",
"I was trying to keep up with the score periodically, and in the late 3rd I was thinking it was probably not ending well for the Thunder. ",
"It wasn't a concern. ",
"The NBA has a very long season.",
"\n\nAll that matters is key pieces remaining healthy. ",
"That's the biggest thing in October/November."
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"Free standard shipping on all online orders placed via alexandani.com from Friday, 02/16/18 through Monday, 02/19/18. ",
"Offer will be automatically applied at checkout; no code necessary. ",
"Valid only on shipments within the United States and its territories only. ",
"Cannot be applied to previous purchases. ",
"In stock items only; while supplies last. ",
"Void where prohibited by law.",
"\n\nFree standard shipping on all online orders placed via alexandani.com from Friday, 02/16/18 through Monday, 02/19/18. ",
"Offer will be automatically applied at checkout; no code necessary. ",
"Valid only on shipments within the United States and its territories only. ",
"Cannot be applied to previous purchases. ",
"In stock items only; while supplies last. ",
"Void where prohibited by law.",
"\n\nWorld Peace Charm Bangle | UNICEF\n\nUNITY\n\n$38.00\n\nAvailability:In stock\n\nEmail Me When Back In Stock\n\nFirst Name\n\nLast Name\n\nEmail address\n\nFinish\n\n$38.00\n\nQty:\n\nCount: 1773\n\nDescription\n\nsuper-100265675\n\nThis symbol was a revolution of love, ultimately leading to opposition of war, and to the peace movement. ",
"Over time, it morphed into an icon that people needed at exactly the right moment the notion that we could free ourselves from oppressive ideas. ",
"Celebrate World Peace and its harmonious message.",
"\n\nALEX AND ANI believes in supporting peacebuilding initiatives around the world. ",
"With the help of its customers, ALEX AND ANI aims to raise a minimum of $2 MM for UNICEF by August 2018. ",
"ALEX AND ANI will donate 20% of the purchase price* from each World Peace Charm sold between September 14, 2017 and August 31, 2018 in support of UNICEF's mission to help all children survive and thrive. *",
"Purchase price includes sales to ALEX AND ANI retail and web customers, and authorized retailers. ",
"UNICEF does not endorse any brand, company, product or service.",
"\n\nFit\n\nCare\n\nWorld Peace Charm Bangle | UNICEFThis symbol was a revolution of love, ultimately leading to opposition of war, and to the peace movement. ",
"Over time, it morphed into an icon that people needed at exactly the right moment the notion that we could free ourselves from oppressive ideas. ",
"Celebrate World Peace and its harmonious message.super-100265675"
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"10: *DID YOU KNOW?: ",
"Originally formed in 1908 as Fleetwood FC, it was liquidated in 1976. ",
"Re-formed as Fleetwood Town in 1977, it folded again in 1996. ",
"It was re-formed again as Fleetwood Wanderers, but a sponsorship deal saw the club’s name immediately changed to Fleetwood Freeport, through the local retail outlet centre. ",
"The sponsorship ended in 2002, but since then, local energy businessman Andy Pilley took charge and the club has risen through the non-league pyramid until finally achieving Football League status in 2012 as Fleetwood Town."
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" PM?",
"\n677\nHow many minutes are there between 7:00 PM and 5:28 AM?",
"\n628\nHow many minutes are there between 7:57 PM and 1:00 AM?",
"\n303\nWhat is 576 minutes after 2:07 AM?",
"\n11:43 AM\nWhat is 89 minutes before 4:55 AM?",
"\n3:26 AM\nHow many minutes are there between 12:09 AM and 9:26 AM?",
"\n557\nHow many minutes are there between 9:58 PM and 4:59 AM?",
"\n421\nHow many minutes are there between 10:36 PM and 3:49 AM?",
"\n313\nWhat is 135 minutes before 7:42 AM?",
"\n5:27 AM\nWhat is 144 minutes after 11:41 PM?",
"\n2:05 AM\nHow many minutes are there between 1:42 PM and 9:43 PM?",
"\n481\nHow many minutes are there between 8:28 PM and 7:37 AM?",
"\n669\nHow many minutes are there between 7:33 PM and 3:45 AM?",
"\n492\nHow many minutes are there between 4:07 AM and 4:56 AM?",
"\n49\nWhat is 386 minutes before 11:19 AM?",
"\n4:53 AM\nWhat is 160 minutes after 3:14 PM?",
"\n5:54 PM\nHow many minutes are there between 12:15 AM and 6:08 AM?",
"\n353\nWhat is 706 minutes before 5:22 PM?",
"\n5:36 AM\nWhat is 101 minutes before 1:06 PM?",
"\n11:25 AM\nWhat is 235 minutes after 10:22 AM?",
"\n2:17 PM\nWhat is 446 minutes after 9:23 AM?",
"\n4:49 PM\nWhat is 430 minutes after 7:49 PM?",
"\n2:59 AM\nHow many minutes are there between 9:14 AM and 12:28 PM?",
"\n194\nWhat is 681 minutes before 4:36 PM?",
"\n5:15 AM\nHow many minutes are there between 10:57 AM and 11:33 AM?",
"\n36\nWhat is 159 minutes before 3:44 AM?",
"\n1:05 AM\nWhat is 298 minutes after 10:40 AM?",
"\n3:38 PM\nHow many minutes are there between 12:41 AM and 11:48 AM?",
"\n667\nHow many minutes are there between 10:35 PM and 2:12 AM?",
"\n217\nWhat is 376 minutes before 6:08 PM?",
"\n11:52 AM\nWhat is 159 minutes after 6:20 AM?",
"\n8:59 AM\nHow many minutes are there between 7:22 PM and 2:47 AM?",
"\n445\nHow many minutes are there between 1:12 PM and 11:21 PM?",
"\n609\nWhat is 472 minutes before 7:22 AM?",
"\n11:30 PM\nWhat is 504 minutes before 6:15 AM?",
"\n9:51 PM\nWhat is 388 minutes after 9:57 PM?",
"\n4:25 AM\nWhat is 156 minutes after 4:15 PM?",
"\n6:51 PM\nWhat is 265 minutes after 7:57 AM?",
"\n12:22 PM\nWhat is 167 minutes after 3:23 AM?",
"\n6:10 AM\nHow many minutes are there between 3:28 PM and 9:42 PM?",
"\n374\nHow many minutes are there between 1:43 AM and 3:51 AM?",
"\n128\nHow many minutes are there between 2:23 PM and 12:12 AM?",
"\n589\nWhat is 689 minutes before 2:30 PM?",
"\n3:01 AM\nHow many minutes are there between 7:04 AM and 7:43 AM?",
"\n39\nWhat is 376 minutes after 8:38 AM?",
"\n2:54 PM\nWhat is 428 minutes after 9:22 AM?",
"\n4:30 PM\nWhat is 688 minutes before 9:54 PM?",
"\n10:26 AM\nWhat is 678 minutes after 11:09 PM?",
"\n10:27 AM\nHow many minutes are there between 6:01 PM and 3:52 AM?",
"\n591\nHow many minutes are there between 12:47 PM and 6:14 PM?",
"\n327\nWhat is 429 minutes before 2:30 PM?",
"\n7:21 AM\nWhat is 714 minutes before 5:40 PM?",
"\n5:46 AM\nHow many minutes are there between 4:13 AM and 6:59 AM?",
"\n166\nHow many minutes are there between 1:01 PM and 12:49 AM?",
"\n708\nHow many minutes are there between 3:31 PM and 2:53 AM?",
"\n682\nHow many minutes are there between 3:39 AM and 9:46 AM?",
"\n367\nHow many minutes are there between 9:03 AM and 6:15 PM?",
"\n552\nWhat is 560 minutes before 6:53 PM?",
"\n9:33 AM\nHow many minutes are there between 6:04 AM and 12:30 PM?",
"\n386\nHow many minutes are there between 8:12 PM and 12:27 AM?",
"\n255\nWhat is 559 minutes after 4:03 AM?",
"\n1:22 PM\nWhat is 631 minutes after 10:04 PM?",
"\n8:35 AM\nHow many minutes are there between 3:53 AM and 3:15 PM?",
"\n682\nWhat is 599 minutes after 3:06 AM?",
"\n1:05 PM\nWhat is 249 minutes before 1:36 AM?",
"\n9:27 PM\nHow many minutes are there between 10:27 PM and 9:06 AM?",
"\n639\nHow many minutes are there between 4:31 PM and 11:59 PM?",
"\n448\nHow many minutes are there between 10:19 AM and 1:14 PM?",
"\n175\nWhat is 195 minutes before 7:58 AM?",
"\n4:43 AM\nWhat is 141 minutes after 11:18 AM?",
"\n1:39 PM\nWhat is 376 minutes before 8:05 PM?",
"\n1:49 PM\nHow many minutes are there between 10:41 PM and 2:32 AM?",
"\n231\nWhat is 394 minutes before 4:55 PM?",
"\n10:21 AM\nHow many minutes are there between 11:06 PM and 12:15 AM?",
"\n69\nHow many minutes are there between 8:21 AM and 8:07 PM?",
"\n706\nWhat is 195 minutes before 8:54 AM?",
"\n5:39 AM\nWhat is 689 minutes after 2:15 PM?",
"\n1:44 AM\nWhat is 293 minutes after 8:27 AM?",
"\n1:20 PM\nWhat is 44 minutes before 9:11 AM?",
"\n8:27 AM\nWhat is 388 minutes before 1:49 PM?",
"\n7:21 AM\nWhat is 514 minutes before 12:00 PM?",
"\n3:26 AM\nWhat is 270 minutes after 1:50 PM?",
"\n6:20 PM\nHow many minutes are there between 6:18 AM and 3:24 PM?",
"\n546\nHow many minutes are there between 8:38 PM and 5:37 AM?",
"\n539\nWhat is 597 minutes before 5:13 PM?",
"\n7:16 AM\nWhat is 610 minutes after 7:05 PM?",
"\n5:15 AM\nHow many minutes are there between 9:33 AM and 11:40 AM?",
"\n127\nWhat is 197 minutes before 12:11 PM?",
"\n8:54 AM\nHow many minutes are there between 1:00 AM and 11:12 AM?",
"\n612\nWhat is 410 minutes before 12:16 AM?",
"\n5:26 PM\nWhat is 719 minutes before 8:23 PM?",
"\n8:24 AM\nHow many minutes are there between 7:59 AM and 6:22 PM?",
"\n623\nWhat is 402 minutes before 10:25 AM?",
"\n3:43 AM\nWhat is 501 minutes before 10:52 PM?",
"\n2:31 PM\nWhat is 366 minutes before 3:04 PM?",
"\n8:58 AM\nWhat is 643 minutes before 11:23 PM?",
"\n12:40 PM\nHow many minutes are there between 2:25 PM and 4:44 PM?",
"\n139\nWhat is 255 minutes before 6:23 PM?",
"\n2:08 PM\nHow many minutes are there between 2:18 AM and 6:16 AM?",
"\n238\nHow many minutes are there between 7:30 AM and 5:14 PM?",
"\n584\nWhat is 97 minutes after 6:35 AM?",
"\n8:12 AM\nHow many minutes are there between 5:32 AM and 8:07 AM?",
"\n155\nWhat is 639 minutes before 1:31 AM?",
"\n2:52 PM\nHow many minutes are there between 8:29 AM and 8:16 PM?",
"\n707\nWhat is 665 minutes after 7:44 PM?",
"\n6:49 AM\nHow many minutes are there between 10:06 PM and 2:31 AM?",
"\n265\nWhat is 310 minutes before 1:26 PM?",
"\n8:16 AM\nHow many minutes are there between 12:42 AM and 8:44 AM?",
"\n482\nHow many minutes are there between 11:02 PM and 8:22 AM?",
"\n560\nWhat is 279 minutes after 8:49 PM?",
"\n1:28 AM\nHow many minutes are there between 5:07 AM and 2:50 PM?",
"\n583\nWhat is 572 minutes after 8:31 PM?",
"\n6:03 AM\nWhat is 19 minutes after 9:06 PM?",
"\n9:25 PM\nHow many minutes are there between 11:37 PM and 8:17 AM?",
"\n520\nWhat is 295 minutes before 3:38 AM?",
"\n10:43 PM\nWhat is 132 minutes before 3:36 PM?",
"\n1:24 PM\nWhat is 48 minutes after 1:17 AM?",
"\n2:05 AM\nWhat is 303 minutes after 11:05 PM?",
"\n4:08 AM\nHow many minutes are there between 4:05 PM and 8:48 PM?",
"\n283\nHow many minutes are there between 3:24 AM and 6:38 AM?",
"\n194\nWhat is 612 minutes before 11:11 PM?",
"\n12:59 PM\nHow many minutes are there between 12:19 AM and 7:53 AM?",
"\n454\nWhat is 223 minutes after 5:59 AM?",
"\n9:42 AM\nWhat is 630 minutes after 10:37 PM?",
"\n9:07 AM\nWhat is 25 minutes after 1:22 AM?",
"\n1:47 AM\nHow many minutes are there between 12:23 PM and 11:04 PM?",
"\n641\nHow many minutes are there between 9:55 PM and 1:24 AM?",
"\n209\nWhat is 167 minutes after 11:17 PM?",
"\n2:04 AM\nHow many minutes are there between 12:53 PM and 12:32 AM?",
"\n699\nWhat is 456 minutes before 5:43 AM?",
"\n10:07 PM\nHow many minutes are there between 10:12 PM and 2:42 AM?",
"\n270\nWhat is 504 minutes before 1:08 AM?",
"\n4:44 PM\nHow many minutes are there between 12:45 PM and 3:04 PM?",
"\n139\nHow many minutes are there between 1:10 PM and 12:52 AM?",
"\n702\nHow many minutes are there between 11:32 PM and 9:39 AM?",
"\n607\nWhat is 98 minutes before 10:36 PM?",
"\n8:58 PM\nHow many minutes are there between 1:49 AM and 2:30 AM?",
"\n41\nWhat is 552 minutes before 4:54 PM?",
"\n7:42 AM\nWhat is 556 minutes after 2:55 AM?",
"\n12:11 PM\nHow many minutes are there between 8:32 PM and 6:44 AM?",
"\n612\nHow many minutes are there between 8:36 AM and 7:15 PM?",
"\n639\nWhat is 402 minutes before 7:02 AM?",
"\n12:20 AM\nWhat is 25 minutes after 2:40 PM?",
"\n3:05 PM\nWhat is 710 minutes before 7:48 AM?",
"\n7:58 PM\nWhat is 191 minutes before 3:00 AM?",
"\n11:49 PM\nHow many minutes are there between 2:23 PM and 9:04 PM?",
"\n401\nWhat is 675 minutes after 3:50 PM?",
"\n3:05 AM\nWhat is 353 minutes after 11:53 AM?",
"\n5:46 PM\nWhat is 170 minutes after 1:39 AM?",
"\n4:29 AM\nWhat is 703 minutes before 3:13 AM?",
"\n3:30 PM\nHow many minutes are there between 10:39 PM and 10:41 PM?",
"\n2\nHow many minutes are there between 6:32 PM and 7:24 PM?",
"\n52\nHow many minutes are there between 6:08 PM and 7:10 PM?",
"\n62\nWhat is 662 minutes before 3:21 PM?",
"\n4:19 AM\nHow many minutes are there between 5:33 PM and 8:34 PM?",
"\n181\nWhat is 558 minutes before 4:07 PM?",
"\n6:49 AM\nWhat is 705 minutes after 11:55 PM?",
"\n11:40 AM\nWhat is 277 minutes after 2:54 AM?",
"\n7:31 AM\nHow many minutes are there between 2:39 AM and 1:51 PM?",
"\n672\nHow many minutes are there between 12:46 AM and 1:19 AM?",
"\n33\nHow many minutes are there between 10"
] | {
"pile_set_name": "DM Mathematics"
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[
"“The fall of the Arab dictators Ben Ali, Mubarak and Gaddafi was not the end of the Arab Spring. ",
"It is now the time for building democratic structures,” the Development Minister Christian Friis Bach stated when the government re-launched and upgraded the Danish Arab Partnership Programme (DAPP) – now again called the Arab Initiative in Danish – on Friday in Copenhagen.",
"\n\nRepresentatives from the Danish Middle East research community and civil society organizations in Denmark were present when the government presented the new strategy for the DAPP. ",
"The DAPP is a reform and dialogue programme, which was created under the former government and has existed since 2003. ",
"Read more\n\nBetween 11 and 18 September 2011, seven Egyptian politicians from a wide range of Egyptian political parties as well as four representatives from Egyptian civil society visit Denmark to study and observe the Danish parliamentary elections. ",
"Read more\n\nSocial media played a vital role during the Arab spring as a forum to organize the pro-democratic rallies and voice political dissent. ",
"These developments present a window of opportunity to support press freedom and media developments in the Middle East and North Africa.",
"\n\nThe allocation of 33.5 million DKK from the Danish Ministry of Foreign Affairs to the Media Cooperation Programme of the IMS therefore comes at a crucial time. ",
"Read more\n\nEgypt needs a crash course in how to do politics, Says Gamal Soltan. ",
"He encourages Danish parties to provide support, but this has to be done in subtle ways during the very difficult time of transition in Egypt.",
"\n\nThe Director of Al-Ahram Center for Political and Strategic Studies in Cairo, Dr. Gamal Abdel Gawad Soltan has close ties with Denmark. ",
"A member of the board of the Danish-Egyptian Dialogue Institute in Cairo, Dr. Soltan has followed the developments in the Danish-Egyptian relations for years.",
"\n\nPerhaps for this reason, he spoke quite bluntly when interviewed ahead of DIPD’s opening conference held on the 26 May 2011 at Christiansborg.",
"\n\nDon’t forget religion\n\n“Keep the dialogue open with politicians and activists. ",
"Find many different ways to provide support – not just a single route, but keep it subtle! ",
"Dr. Soltan said and went on to explain:\n\n“The coming months will be absolutely crucial. ",
"Egypt has been denied a healthy political life for decades. ",
"We have seen a lot of trial and errors and high demands on political parties with limited experience. ",
"In order for the Egyptian parties to make sense of it all and translate new ways into an Egyptian way of doing politics, they need lots of advice. ",
"As a consequence, support and sharing of experiences will be absolutely key.",
"\n\nHe also stressed the importance of learning from experiences of similar transitions – especially in Muslim countries:\n\n“An important difference between Egypt and Europe is that religion is and will continue to play an important role in Egyptian politics.”",
"\n\nDr. Soltan mentioned Indonesia as probably the best example.",
"\n\n“But also countries that have failed in the transition – like Azerbaijan – would be important to learn from. ",
"The country has oil and a promising economy, but the country has been run by an authoritarian regime for years. ",
"We should learn from successes as well as failures.”",
"\n\nA fragmented political scene\n\nIn an attempt to trying to describe the current situation in Egypt, Dr. Soltan said that one of the characteristics of the Egyptian revolution was that there was no clear leader:\n\n“People of all walks of life and who did not belong to any groupings took part in the toppling of President Mubarak. ",
"Some groups facilitated but no one claimed leadership. ",
"This continues to be the case and this allows for diverse groups to act freely in this new political scene, which is no longer controlled by the government.”",
"\n\nDuring the conference, the issue was raised, whether old parties should be held responsible for past errors – and as a consequence left out of the partner circle.",
"\n\nDr. Soltan responded by pointing to the actual function of parties in the past:\n\n“Historically in Egypt, parties did not have history or ideology, they mainly served as a mechanism whereby one could get access to government resources especially at local village level. ",
"Politics as such really played a minor role but was more a broad social network.”",
"\n\n“I believe it was right to dissolve the NDI (former government party). ",
"But I also think that many former NDI members and politicians will continue in politics. ",
"But in the future they will have to do so following the new guidelines,” said Dr. Soltan.",
"\n\nWe have no Mandela\n\nTouching on the volatility of the current situation in Egypt, Dr. Soltan pointed to the complexity of the situation and listed the current balance of forces: The military is still trusted but ruling without having the proper legitimacy as it was not elected by people.",
"\n\nThe police force has collapsed, resulting in a deficit of power that has made the streets more insecure and left the police without any instructions on how to operate in the new Egypt.",
"\n\nAnd there is a lack of legitimacy overall as old laws have become outdated while new ones still need to see the light of day.",
"\n\n“Add to this the high expectations that rights, which were denied the Egyptian people for years should be addressed now, and you have a situation where it is badly needed to make hard decisions to move on. ",
"But to do so, we need leadership and we don’t have that”, said Dr. Soltan and added quietly: “We have no Mandela.”",
"\n\nAccording to Dr. Soltan this allows for friction, agony and anger, which may lead to a power vacuum.",
"\n\n“Strangely, this is why there is currently consensus to maintain old laws – nobody wants to rock the boat any further, so to speak. ",
"And this is why many actors right now work hard to create consensus among parties to compensate the lack of a strong leadership by cooperating.”",
"\n\nSo, despite all the challenges, Dr. Gamal Soltan concluded he was not pessimistic:\n\n“I see a lot of efforts in a positive direction. ",
"Parties try to work out joint plans and platforms. ",
"So hopefully, in a few weeks, we may see some sort of consensus and joint understanding of how this transition can be overcome without leading to polarization.”",
"\n\nOur vision\n\nThe vision of the Danish Institute for Parties and Democracy is to contribute to the development of well-functioning democratic political parties, multi-party systems and other institutions as central stakeholders in the democratic culture of selected developing countries."
] | {
"pile_set_name": "Pile-CC"
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[
"Electric-field-induced polar order and localization of the confined electrons in LaAlO3/SrTiO3 heterostructures.",
"\nWith ellipsometry, x-ray diffraction, and resistance measurements we investigated the electric-field effect on the confined electrons at the LaAlO3/SrTiO3 interface. ",
"We obtained evidence that the localization of the electrons at negative gate voltage is induced, or at least enhanced, by a polar phase transition in SrTiO3 which strongly reduces the lattice polarizability and the subsequent screening. ",
"In particular, we show that the charge localization and the polar order of SrTiO3 both develop below ∼50 K and exhibit similar, unipolar hysteresis loops as a function of the gate voltage."
] | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Abstracts"
} | [
0,
0,
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[
"Amorphous Formulation and in Vitro Performance Testing of Instantly Disintegrating Buccal Tablets for the Emergency Delivery of Naloxone.",
"\nThe aim of this study was to develop a freeze-dried buccal tablet for the rapid delivery of naloxone in opioid overdose. ",
"The tablet composition was optimized to produce an amorphous matrix, which was confirmed by the absence of peaks associated with crystallinity observed by differential scanning calorimetry and powder X-ray diffraction. ",
"Tablets with high gelatin content lacked adequate porosity. ",
"Mannitol was added to the formulation to bridge and intercalate gelatin's tight polymer aggregates, however sodium bicarbonate was also required to prevent crystallization within the tablets. ",
"A linear reduction in mannitol's recrystallization enthalpy was observed with increasing sodium bicarbonate concentration (ΔrecryH = -20.3[NaHCO3] + 220.9; r(2) = 0.9, n = 18). ",
"The minimum sodium bicarbonate concentration for full inhibition of mannitol crystallization was 10.9% w/w. Freeze-dried tablets with lower amounts of sodium bicarbonate possessed a crystalline fraction that PXRD identified as mannitol hemihydrate from the unique peak at 9.7° 2θ. ",
"Mannitol's greater affinity for both ions and residual water rather than its affinity for self-association was the mechanism for the inhibition of crystallization observed here. ",
"The optimized tablet (composition mannitol 24% w/w (4.26 mg), gelatin 65% w/w (11.7 mg), sodium bicarbonate 11% w/w (1.98 mg), and naloxone 800 μg) formed predominantly amorphous tablets that disintegrated in less than 10 s. Optimized tablets were chemically and physically stable over 9 months storage at 25 °C. ",
"As speed of drug liberation is the critical performance attribute for a solid dosage form designed to deliver drug in an emergency, a novel imaging based in vitro disintegration assay for buccal tablets was developed. ",
"The assay was optimized with regard to conditions in the buccal cavity: i.e., temperature 33-37 °C, volume of medium (0.1-0.7 mL), and use of mucin-containing biorelevant medium. ",
"The disintegration assay was sensitive to temperature, medium volume, and medium composition; naloxone tablet disintegration was extremely rapid, with full disintegration ranging from 5 to 20 s. In conclusion, rapidly disintegrating tablets have been developed which are suitable for proof-of-concept clinical trial in humans to determine the pharmacokinetics of naloxone delivered via the buccal route."
] | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Abstracts"
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[
"Bratton: It Is the Right Time\n\nPolice chief heading back to New York City\n\nReceive the latest local updates in your inbox\n\nAs Los Angeles mayor Antonio Villaraigosa looks on, Chief of the Los Angeles Police Department Bill Bratton announces that he will resign from the department to head of a private security firm.",
"\n\nWilliam Bratton announced Wednesday that he will resign after seven years as Los Angeles' police chief.",
"\n\n\"When you love what you do, when you love the people you get to do it with, when you love where you do it, there is never a good time to leave, but there is a right time,\" Bratton said when he announced the resignation Wednesday afternoon at City Hall. \"",
"And for me personally and professionally at this time, it is the right time.\"",
"\n\nHe will step down Oct. 31. ",
"The chief plans to move back to New York to join Altegrity Inc. to help cities institute crime tracking systems.",
"\n\nBratton's title will be Chief Executive Officer of Altegrity Security Consulting (ASC), a new business unit, where he'll be reunited with Michael Cherkasky, who worked with Bratton when the chief was a consultant to Kroll, Inc. -- another Cherkasky-led agency.",
"\n\nCherkasky also served as a court-appointed LAPD monitor for eight years.",
"\n\nBratton, 61, became chief of the LAPD in 2002. ",
"Bratton's decision comes after a tenure in which he instituted vast reforms of the once-scandalized police department.",
"\n\nCity Council President Eric Garcetti said he spoke with Bratton Tuesday night and Wednesday morning.",
"\n\n\"It's been a remarkable chapter. ",
"The Los Angeles Police Department is stronger than it's ever been, both internally and externally,\" Garcetti said. \"",
"The city is safer than it's been in half a lifetime and this seemed like the appropriate time for him (Bratton) to move on to his next challenge in life.\"",
"\n\nJust last month a judge released the department from eight years of oversight by the U.S. Department of Justice, which had alleged a long pattern of abuse.",
"\n\nUnder Bratton, Los Angeles has seen declining crime rates since 2003.",
"\n\nThe Times reported that Bratton returned Tuesday night from a personal trip to New York.",
"\n\nThe newspaper reported that aides to Mayor Antonio Villaraigosa said the mayor knew nothing of Bratton's planned departure. ",
"Villaraigosa and Bratton were side-by-side at a podium during the announcement.",
"\n\nAlso caught off guard were members of the civilian panel that oversees the LAPD and the deputy and assistant chiefs, the LA Times reported.",
"\n\nBratton will leave with more than three years remaining in his second term. ",
"Bratton was reappointed to a second five-year term in June 2007.",
"\n\nLos Angeles police chiefs once enjoyed unlimited tenures. ",
"Changes in the charter under reforms driven by the Rodney King beating and resulting 1992 riot led to limits.",
"\n\nBratton previously brushed aside rumors about leaving for other jobs. ",
"When asked by The Times last month whether his decision to place his Los Feliz home on the market was a portent of some brewing decision to leave, he said he had no such plans.",
"\n\nCouncilwoman Janice Hahn, whose brother, former Mayor James Hahn, appointed Bratton as police chief in 2002, said, \"I think we'll always owe Chief Bratton a debt of gratitude for what he was able to accomplish.\"",
"\n\n\"Crime is down, the consent decree has been lifted, morale has been improved and I think the relationship between the communities and their police officers has never been better,\" Hahn said. \"",
"It's a good time for him to leave. ",
"He's ahead of his game, he's on top.\"",
"\n\nHahn ticked off the names of police officials she considered well qualified to take over for Bratton.",
"\n\n\"I think we have an opportunity now maybe to appoint somebody within the department. ",
"I think Sharon Papa, Charlie Beck, Jim McDonnell, Earl Paysinger -- all of them would be a great chief of police,\" she said. \"",
"Maybe it's time to have a woman run this department.\"",
"\n\nAn Army veteran who served in the Vietnam war, Bratton began his law enforcement career in 1970 as a police officer in Boston. ",
"A decade later, he became Boston's Superintendent of Police, the department's highest sworn rank.",
"\n\nIn the 1980s, he headed two other police agencies, the Massachusetts Bay Transportation Authority Police and the Massachusetts Metropolitan District Commission Police.",
"\n\nIn the 1990s, he served as chief of the New York City Transit Police and as Boston Police Commissioner and New York Police Commissioner.",
"\n\nHe is the only person ever to serve as chief executive of both the LAPD and the New York Police Department, where he was credited with achieving the largest crime declines in New York City's history.",
"\n\nThe head of the Los Angeles Police Protective League, which represents sworn officers, issued a statement wishing Bratton well.",
"\n\n\"Chief Bratton has served our city with honor and professionalism, and his shoes will be tough to fill,\" said LAPPL President Paul M. Weber. \"",
"While we may not have agreed with the chief on all of the issues, the LAPPL appreciates the working relationship it shared with Bratton.\"",
"\n\nBratton's Full Statement\n\nChief William Bratton issued the following statement Wednesday when he announced his resignation.",
"\n\n\"When you love what you do, when you love the people you get to do it with, when you love where you do it, there is never a good time to leave, but there is a right time. ",
"And for me personally and professionally at this time, it is the right time. ",
"Almost seven years ago when I had the incredible honor and privilege to be named as chief of police for this department, it was a very troubled organization in what was arguably a very troubled city.",
"\n\n\"We committed at that time, then-Mayor James Hahn and the commission at that time headed by Rick Caruso, to do a number of things. ",
"We committed to reduce crime here and disorder in the city because it had been increasing and increasing dramatically. ",
"Today, now almost seven years later, homicides are down 54 percent, overall crime is down 38 percent, violent crime is down 53 percent, gang crime is down dramatically. ",
"Homicides so far this year are down about 15 percent.",
"\n\n\"So we have met that challenge. ",
"We committed in that post 9/11 era when there was so much concern about being targeted to make sure that the city would stay safe against potential terrorist acts, and we have succeeded. ",
"And when I say we, I mean the political leadership, the mayor, council and certainly the men and women of the Los Angeles Police Department ... and the communities that have supported us with their tax dollars and their votes and their efforts. ",
"We succeeded in making this city one of the safest in America as it faces the perils of terrorism and in doing so also established the Los Angeles Police Department as one of the most widely respected departments in the world on issues of counter-terrorism.",
"\n\n\"We committed also to deal with the issue of the consent decree, the largest consent decree ever agreed to in the United States, and one that had been very slow to get started. ",
"It was not being embraced by the organization. ",
"And while it took us longer than anticipated, we within the last several months finally achieved compliance with the consent decree and exited it and exited it in a very good way with very good words from the judge overseeing the consent decree.",
"\n\n\"Fourthly, and Mayor Villaraigosa can take certainly some incredible personal pride in this, we committed to try to grow the Los Angeles Police Department, where too few for too long had tried to do too much with too little. ",
"He has championed tirelessly growing this department and resourcing it to make this city a safer place, and he has succeeded. ",
"We will soon reach that 1,000 growth mark, and it was not easy. ",
"But it is an accomplishment that this city is benefiting from every day with those reduced crime rates. ",
"And in accomplishing it, we were very mindful to grow the department so it looked like the city it is policing. ",
"We are now a minority-majority department. ",
"We look like and we are the Los Angeles community. ",
"Our leadership chain, our rank-and- file, our civilian work staff.",
"\n\n\"We also committed to try to do something in this city about the issue of racial tension and ethnic tension. ",
"In my wife Rikki's book, that was written shortly after I accepted this position, after I campaigned to achieve this position, I indicated one of the reasons I wanted to come to Los Angeles was that I had great pride in my profession. ",
"I love what I do. ",
"I love what police can do in America. ",
"But so often with that terrible situation of racial turmoil, racial profiling, biased policing, we have been the flash-point of those tensions, as recently as two weeks ago the situation at Harvard University in Cambridge. ",
"Here in Los Angeles, as reflected in the Harvard study that was just completed and the recent Los Angeles Times poll, and if you talk to people in the city as you do in the media in particular, I believe we have turned a corner in that issue, in that this is a city that is proud of its racial diversity. ",
"It is a city where people do work together. ",
"And it is my belief that the Los Angeles Police Department has played a significant role in bringing that about.",
"\n\n\"As to a legacy, I would hope that in years ahead when people look back to the six, now almost seven years that I've been privileged to lead the department, there would be an appreciation that on that issue, which has plagued America for 400 years, that we have begun here in the City of Angels to begin to show the way to resolution. ",
"Still a long way to go but we have begun the journey\n\n\"It has been a remarkable seven years but it is time to move on. ",
"I'm very excited about the new opportunity that I have been offered. ",
"I will stay in this position until October 31st. ",
"In meetings this morning with the mayor and John Mack, I gave them my letters of resignation and I will be returning to New York to work with a company, Altegrity. ",
"I am being given the honor and the opportunity to work with Mike Cherkasky, who's very well known to you as the federal monitor who I've worked with and have known for many, many years -- a company that he is now leading. ",
"I will be creating a new division within that company that will focus on professional police activities, criminal justice activities around the world. ",
"We will be specifically working with post-conflict nations, as the company already is in Afghanistan and Iraq and other emerging democracies, to bring professional law and criminal justice systems to those countries, lessons learned here in Los Angeles and New York. ",
"It is a personal opportunity to return to New York. ",
"It is a professional opportunity to stay involved in a much larger way in my profession.",
"\n\n\"Lastly, a thank you to the men and women, the exemplary men and women of the Los Angeles Police Department. ",
"Their extraordinary work. ",
"The political leadership to my right, the City Council, the guidance and the oversight of the Police Commission -- the four Police Commissions that I've been privileged to work for. ",
"We, I believe, have achieved great things. ",
"I encourage my successor whoever that may be, to build on those successes and he or she is inheriting a department that is so extraordinary in so many ways, but the challenge is to continue to improve it, to continue to make it an even more essential part of life in Los Angeles.\""
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"Anderson saved and scored a penalty in England's round-of-16 shootout win over Japan at the 2017 Under-17 World Cup. ",
"Buda Mendes - FIFA/FIFA via Getty Images\n\nEngland Under-17 World Cup winner Curtis Anderson has joined United Soccer League side Charlotte Independence from Manchester City.",
"\n\n\"When I heard that Charlotte Independence were interested in signing me I quickly decided that this was too good an opportunity to miss out on,\" Anderson told the team's website. \"",
"Especially the chance playing in senior football for the first time in my young career.\"",
"\n\nThe 18-year-old goalkeeper had not made a first-team appearance for the Premier League champions, who had international goalkeepers Ederson, Claudio Bravo and Are Muric ahead of him.",
"\n\nSources told ESPN FC that Championship side Preston North End were also interested in Anderson but he opted to move to the United States in search of first-team football.",
"\n\n\"Curtis is an excellent young goalkeeper,\" said Independence head coach Jim McGuinness. \"",
"We're very fortunate to bring in a talent that has a lot of high-profile youth experience at the club and international levels.\"",
"\n\nHe was the No. ",
"1 for England when they won the World Cup in 2017 with a 5-2 victory over Spain and made a significant contribution to England's success at the last-16 stage when he saved a penalty and scored one himself in a shootout victory over Japan.",
"\n\nCity teammates Phil Foden and Joel Latibeaudiere were also in the England team that were successful in India while ex-City winger Jadon Sancho, who has since moved to Borussia Dortmund, played in the early stages of the tournament before being recalled by the Bundesliga club.",
"\n\nFor his country, Anderson has played at U16, U17, U18 and U19 levels."
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"Hypofractionated radiotherapy for the palliation of advanced head and neck cancer in patients unsuitable for curative treatment--\"Hypo Trial\".",
"\nThe primary purpose of the trial was to assess rate of tumour response to a hypofractionated course of radiotherapy in patients with incurable squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck (HNSCC). ",
"Secondary objectives included radiation toxicity, symptom control, quality of life (QoL) and progression-free and overall survival. ",
"Patients were planned to receive 30 Gy in 5 fractions at 2/week, at least 3 days apart, with an additional boost of 6 Gy for small volume disease (< or =3 cm) in suitable patients. ",
"Thirty-seven patients were enrolled between August 2004 and March 2006. ",
"Median age was 68 (43-87) years, 81% were male and the predominant primary site was oropharynx (32%). ",
"The majority (73%) presented with Stage III-IV disease. ",
"Thirty-five patients received radiotherapy, 1 died prior to treatment and one refused treatment. ",
"Of the 35 patients receiving radiotherapy, 31 (88%) received > or =30 Gy. ",
"Of the 35 patients who received treatment the overall objective response was 80%. ",
"Grade 3 mucositis and dysphagia were experienced in 9/35 (26%) and 4/35 (11%), respectively. ",
"QoL and symptom control were assessable in 21 patients. ",
"Thirteen (62%) reported an overall improvement in QoL and 14 (67%) experienced an improvement in pain. ",
"The median time to progression and death was 3.9 and 6.1 months, respectively. ",
"The \"Hypo Trial\" regimen provided effective palliative treatment in HNSCC unsuitable for curative treatment. ",
"Compliance was excellent and resulted in high response rates, symptom control and improvement in QoL with acceptable toxicity. ",
"However, progression free and overall survival was short."
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"Done in 60s Andy Warholish style; hence the bricks.",
"\n\nShare this: Twitter\n\nFacebook\n\nReddit\n\nPinterest\n\nTumblr\n\nLinkedIn\n\nLike this: Like Loading... Related"
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"The Positive Predictive Value of Onconeural Antibody Testing: A Retrospective Review.",
"\nParaneoplastic syndromes (PNS) are immune-mediated neurologic diseases that occur as an indirect effect of malignancy, and can be challenging to diagnose. ",
"Onconeural antibodies have a greater than 95% association with cancer, and their presence in a patient with neurologic symptoms is reportedly highly indicative of PNS. ",
"However, we performed a single-centre retrospective review to determine the positive predictive value of onconeural antibody testing, and found it to be concerningly low (39%). ",
"Recognising the limitations of onconeural antibody testing is critical to ensure accurate test interpretation, avoid unnecessary repeated malignancy screening and prevent the use of potentially hazardous immunotherapy."
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"pile_set_name": "PubMed Abstracts"
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"# See the OWNERS docs at https://go.k8s.io/owners\n\napprovers:\n- sig-auth-authenticators-approvers\nreviewers:\n- sig-auth-authenticators-reviewers\nlabels:\n- sig/auth\n\n"
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"\"Teach your children well\" - Crosby Stills Nash and Young.",
"For those of you who believe that \"Eve\" got \"Adam\" driven from the garden of Eden because she ate of the tree of knowledge....Do you want your children to be learned members of society, or sheltered superstitious paranoids?Do you want your FEMALE children to believe that a woman learning is to be DISCOURAGED?After all, that's what is being implied, isn't it?This message brought to you by Atheism.",
"I believe that belief is unbelievable.",
"I believe that an education based upon FACT is important.",
"I believe that our tax money should NOT be used to indoctrinate children into ANY religious cult...... like the Catholic Church........"
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"Is NZ dragging the blockchain?",
"\n\nAugust 1, 2019\n\nIn 1995 the \"internet\" became the hip new thing. ",
"Media marvelled at the technology, and in a time capsule video from America's Today show, its presenters are baffled. ",
"One asks, \"What is 'internet' anyway?\" ",
"while reporter Katie Couric says an @ symbol either means \"about\" or \"around,\" and even Microsoft founder Bill Gates likens the internet to a fashionable trend. ",
"A stuffy, older-looking executive belies his appearance to boldly predict that within five years every business, \"no matter how large, no matter how small,\" will be on the internet.",
"\n\nAlmost 25 years later, the same is being said of blockchain - an emerging technology that has been described as the biggest thing since the internet.",
"\n\nYet you would be forgiven for not having heard of blockchain - and if you have, you probably can't explain how it works."
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"See https://github.com/haraka/haraka-plugin-rcpt-ldap');\n}\n"
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"The effect of metabolic syndrome on postoperative outcomes following laparoscopic colectomy.",
"\nAmong the criteria used to diagnose metabolic syndrome (MS), obesity and diabetes mellitus (DM) are associated with poor postoperative outcomes following colectomy. ",
"MS is also associated with colorectal cancer (CRC) and diverticulosis, both of which may be treated with colectomy. ",
"However, the effect of MS on postoperative outcomes following laparoscopic colectomy has yet to be clarified. ",
"In an academic tertiary hospital, data from all consecutive patients undergoing laparoscopic colectomy from 2005 to 2014 were prospectively recorded and analysed. ",
"Patients presenting with MS [defined by the presence of three or more of the following criteria: elevated blood pressure, body mass index > 28 kg/m2, dyslipidemia (decreased serum HDL cholesterol, increased serum triglycerides) and increased fasting glucose/DM] were compared with patients without MS regarding peri-operative outcome [mainly anastomotic leaks, severe postoperative complications (Clavien-Dindo III and IV)] and mortality. ",
"Overall, 1236 patients were included: 508 (41.1%) right colectomies and 728 (58.9%) left colectomies. ",
"Seven hundred seventy-two (62.4%) of these procedures were performed for CRC. ",
"MS was diagnosed in 85 (6.9%) patients, who were significantly older than the others (70 vs. 64.2 years, p < 0.001), and presented with more cardiac comorbidities (p < 0.001). ",
"MS was associated with increased blood loss (122.5 vs. 79.9 mL p = 0.001) and blood transfusion requirement (5.9 vs. 1.7%, p = 0.021). ",
"The anastomotic leak rate was 6.6% (with 2.2% of anastomotic leaks requiring surgical treatment), and the overall reoperation rate was 6.9%. ",
"The incidence of severe postoperative complications was 11.5%, and the overall mortality rate 0.6%. ",
"No differences were found between the groups in overall postoperative morbidity and mortality. ",
"Median length of stay was similar in both groups (7 days). ",
"MS does not jeopardize postoperative outcomes following laparoscopic colectomy."
] | {
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"The SPI-MEM-CTRL core is designed to provide to a host a simple interface for controlling SPI Serial Flash Memories.",
"\nThe core is highly flexible and can be configured before synthesis or programmed during runtime to support a large number of SPI Serial Flash memories,\neven less standard ones.",
"\n\nA host can interface to the Serial Flash in a number of ways. ",
"Transferring data from the Flash memory to the host is done with minimum effort\nwith a Block Read Interface, which uses a DMA mechanism to transfer a block of data to the hostís memory space. ",
"Alternatively, the host can introduce a read request\nusing the coreís programmable registers. ",
"Then the core serves this request and sends the necessary instructions to the Serial Flash device.",
"\nAn additional RAM like interface which permits on-the-fly code execution is also available.",
"\n\nThe SPI-MEM-CTRL controller has been rigorously verified. ",
"A complete verification environment that helps designers\nverify the functionality and compliance of the core, including additional aids for system-level simulation, are available."
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"Morphological and physiological changes of Staphylococcus aureus exposed to hypochlorous acid.",
"\nTo characterize hypochlorous acid (HOCl) stress resistance of Staphylococcus aureus and to assess physiological state and changes in cell morphology. ",
"Clinical wild-type strain of S. aureus was used in the stress with HOCl at concentrations ranging from 0 to 4 mg l(-1). ",
"Concentrations below 1.5 mg l(-1) caused no significant drop in viability. ",
"During 2 h of HOCl stress at 2 mg l(-1), there was appearance of minicells capable of passing through the 0.45 microm pores of filtration membranes. ",
"Intracellular proteins increased gradually to reach a level of 51% of dry weight and an enhanced synthesis of at least two proteins of 23 and 220 kDa was concluded. ",
"Staphylococcus aureus can undergo morphological and physiological changes during 2 h of exposure to 2 mg l(-1) of HOCl, which represents an adaptative response towards the hypochlorous acid stress. ",
"This evolution limits the use of 0.45 microm pores size membrane filters for research on S. aureus in waters and the clinical environment."
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"Frances Molina\n\nFrances Xinia Molina (born September 24, 1994) is a Filipino volleyball player. ",
"She currently plays as an outside hitter for the Petron Tri-Activ Spikers. ",
"She played with the Philippine Super Liga All-Stars in the 2016 FIVB Club World Championship.",
"\n\nEarly life\nA native of Nueva Ecija, she was born (second to three siblings) to Araceli Harding (née Dionisio) and Pedro Molina with the former who later became estranged from the latter and married to an India-based to British engineering consultant. ",
"Harding was an open hitter playing for the Central Luzon State University volleyball team in the State Colleges and Universities Athletic Association (SCUAA). ",
"She was supposed to join the Philippine women's national volleyball team that will participate in the 1991 Southeast Asian Games, but it was discontinued due to earlier marriage, and her work in a company based in Macau.",
"\n\nMolina grew up in the town of Aliaga and moved to Cabanatuan to attend the Araullo University (later transferred to College of Immaculate Conception) for her secondary studies. ",
"She was more involved in athletics due to her father's connection with the sport initially uninterested in volleyball.",
"\n\nCareer\nMolina started playing volleyball on her fourth year in high school. ",
"In 2008, she was recruited to be the part of the Cabanatuan's secondary girls' volleyball team for the Central Luzon Regional Athletics Association. ",
"She was scouted by George Sucaldito and Nemecio Gavino from the San Beda College.",
"\n\nShe then became part of the college's women's volleyball team, the San Beda Lady Red Spikers. ",
"Molina along with Janine Marciano was part of the team that ended in the Final Four at NCAA Season 87 but her team struggled in the next season. ",
"Molina's team ended in the Final Four again in NCAA Season 89 but Molina's participation was disrupted by an injury which meant that she didn't finish the season.",
"\n\nShe played for the PNP Lady Patrollers of the Shakey's V-League after she recovered from her injury. ",
"Molina was then recruited by the Petron Blaze Spikers of the Philippine Super Liga and was named 2nd Best Outside Hitter at the 2015 PSL All-Filipino Conference which was won by Petron.",
"\n\nMolina has also participated in internationally competing at the 2016 Thai-Denmark Super League 2016 as part of the Petron-Philippine Super Liga All-Stars. ",
"She was also named as part of the PSL Manila squad that will participate at the 2016 FIVB Volleyball Women's Club World Championship.",
"\n\nWith Petron Blaze Spikers, Molina won the 2017 PSL Grand Prix Conference silver medal.",
"\n\nAwards\n\nIndividual\n 2015 Philippine Superliga Grand Prix \"2nd Best Opposite Spiker\"\n\nClubs\n 2017 Philippine SuperLiga Grand Prix – Runner-Up, with Petron Blaze Spikers\n\nReferences\n\nCategory:Living people\nCategory:1994 births\nCategory:Sportspeople from Nueva Ecija\nCategory:San Beda University alumni\nCategory:Philippines women's international volleyball players\nCategory:Outside hitters\nCategory:National Collegiate Athletic Association (Philippines) players\nCategory:Competitors at the 2017 Southeast Asian Games\nCategory:Opposite hitters\nCategory:Competitors at the 2019 Southeast Asian Games"
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"This application seeks to explore a new route of intracellular trafficking of growth factor-activated EGF receptor to the nucleus. ",
"Also, the capacity of a clinically relevant EGF receptor antibody to promote nuclear localization of the EGF receptor will be investigated. ",
"In brief, preliminary data show that following the addition of EGF, EGF receptors are slowly trafficked to the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). ",
"In the ER these receptors interact with the Sec61 translocon and are retrotranslocated to the cytoplasm as non-membrane bound molecules. ",
"HSP70 is required for retrotranslocation to the cytosol and likely functions by associating with transmembrane domains of the soluble EGF receptor to prevent aggregation. ",
"Knockdown of Sec61? ",
"prevents the EGF-dependent translocation of its receptor to the nucleus and the expression of cyclin D1, indicating that ER translocation is a precursor for nuclear localization and signaling function of the EGF receptor. ",
"In the first two aims, mechanistic questions are addressed regarding the cell biology and biochemistry of this pathway. ",
"In the last two aims, the pathway is explored in terms of growth control and a clinically used antibody to the EGF receptor. ",
"The first aim proposes to investigate the intracellular trafficking route by which the activated EGFR is trafficked to the ER. ",
"Experiments are proposed to determine how different cell internalization mechanisms, the Golgi, and endosomes may participate in this pathway. ",
"The second aim focuses on the mechanism by which the receptor is recognized by the Sec61 translocon in the ER. ",
"This will test the possibility that the activated receptor is recognized by the known mechanism in the ER that sorts misfolded proteins for Sec-61-dependent retrotranslocation and cytosolic degradation. ",
"Also, this aim will include experiments to identify cytoplasmic and ER factors that participate in retrotranslocation, the fate(s) of translocated receptor, and the identity of EGF receptor fragments found in the ER and nucleus. ",
"This includes HSP70 and p97, an ATPase that is tyrosine phosphorylated following the addition of EGF. ",
"The third aim will determine the possible role of Sec61 in the EGF-stimulated G1?S transition. ",
"The final aim will explore the mechanism by which the clinically employed EGF receptor antibody C225 (Erbitux) is able to induce receptor trafficking to the ER and nucleus. ",
"The role of Sec61 in cell responses to C225 will be investigated also. ",
"PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE: The focus of this grant is the EGF receptor, a protein that is a rational target for several chemotherapeutic drugs that are approved for clinical use for different cancers. ",
"The application proposes investigation of this receptor in response to its normal activator, a hormone-like growth factor that stimulates cells to proliferate, as well as an antibody to the receptor that is one of the clinically approved reagents for cancer treatment."
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"pile_set_name": "NIH ExPorter"
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"Laboratory column studies for evaluating a barrier system for providing oxygen and substrate for TCE biodegradation.",
"\nThe industrial solvent trichloroethylene (TCE) is among the most ubiquitous chlorinated compounds found in groundwater contamination. ",
"The objective of this study was to develop a biobarrier system containing oxygen-organic releasing material to enhance the aerobic cometabolism of TCE in situ. ",
"The oxygen-organic material, which contains calcium peroxide and peat, is able to release oxygen and primary substrates continuously upon contact with water. ",
"Batch experiments were conducted to design and identify the components of the oxygen-organic releasing material, and evaluate the oxygen and organic substrate (presented as COD equivalent) release from the designed oxygen-organic material. ",
"The observed oxygen and chemical oxygen demand (COD) release rates were approximately 0.0246 and 0.052 mg/d/g of material, respectively. ",
"A laboratory-scale column experiment was then conducted to evaluate the feasibility of this proposed system for the bioremediation of TCE-contaminated groundwater. ",
"This system was performed using a series of continuous-flow glass columns including a soil column, an oxygen-organic material column, followed by two consecutive soil columns. ",
"Aerobic acclimated sludges were inoculated in all three soil columns to provide microbial consortia for TCE biodegradation. ",
"Simulated TCE-contaminated groundwater with a flow rate of 0.25 l/day was pumped into this system. ",
"Effluent samples from each column were analyzed for TCE and other indicating parameters (e.g., pH, dissolved oxygen). ",
"Results show that the decreases in TCE concentrations were observed over a 4-month operating period. ",
"Up to 99% of TCE removal efficiency was obtained in this passive system. ",
"Results indicate that the continuously released oxygen and organic substrates from the oxygen-organic materials enhanced TCE biotransformation. ",
"Thus, the biobarrier treatment scheme has the potential to be developed into an environmentally and economically acceptable remediation technology."
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"Q:\n\nJquery Autocomplete blank field\n\nI have this issue with autocomplete, it returns something like this:This\nBut when you check what returns post method everything is as it should be but in view we get in return just blank field, instead of word \"Hardware\".",
"\nMy Code:\nConstructuor Method:\n[HttpPost]\n public JsonResult CreateJS(string prefix)\n {\n List<CategoryModel> list = new List<CategoryModel>();\n list = _context.",
"Categories.",
"ToList();\n var CatList = (from N in list\n where N.Name.",
"StartsWith(prefix)\n select new { value = N.Name,label = N.Name });\n return Json(CatList);\n\nView:\n<link rel=\"stylesheet\" href=\"//code.jquery.com/ui/1.11.4/themes/smoothness/jquery-ui.css\">\n<script src=\"//code.jquery.com/jquery-1.10.2.js\"></script>\n<script src=\"//code.jquery.com/ui/1.11.4/jquery-ui.js\"></script>\n<script>\n $(document).ready(function () {\n $(\"#Category\").autocomplete({\n source: function (request, response) {\n $.ajax({\n url: \"/Incident/CreateJS\",\n type: \"POST\",\n dataType: \"json\",\n data: { Prefix: request.term },\n success: function (data) {\n response($.map(data, function (item) {\n return { label: item.",
"Name, value: item.",
"Name };\n }))\n\n }\n })\n },\n messages: {\n noResults: \"\", results: \"\"\n }\n });\n })\n</script>\n<hr />\n<div class=\"row\">\n <div class=\"col-md-4\">\n <form asp-action=\"Create\">\n <div asp-validation-summary=\"ModelOnly\" class=\"text-danger\"></div>\n <div class=\"form-group\">\n <label asp-for=\"IncidentDescription\" class=\"control-label\"></label>\n <input asp-for=\"IncidentDescription\" class=\"form-control\" />\n <span asp-validation-for=\"IncidentDescription\" class=\"text-danger\"></span>\n </div>\n <div class=\"form-group\">\n <label asp-for=\"Title\" class=\"control-label\"></label>\n <input asp-for=\"Title\" class=\"form-control\" />\n <span asp-validation-for=\"Title\" class=\"text-danger\"></span>\n </div>\n\n <div class=\"form-group\">\n <label for=\"Category\">Cat:</label>\n <input type\"text\" name=\"Category\" id=\"Category\"/>\n </div>\n\nA:\n\nThere is no need to use $.map in the ajax callback functiom. ",
"Directly apply the data to the response.",
"\n<script>\n $(document).ready(function () {\n $(\"#Category\").autocomplete({\n source: function (request, response) {\n $.ajax({\n url: \"/Incident/CreateJS\",\n type: \"POST\",\n dataType: \"json\",\n data: { Prefix: request.term },\n success: function (data) {\n response(data);\n }\n })\n },\n\n });\n })\n</script>\n\n"
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"Are Harrell and Murray Turning Seattle Street Disorder Into Political Opportunity?",
"\n\nIs public safety downtown a pressing problem or a political opportunity? ",
"Are urinating drunks, open-air drug dealing and sleeping homeless people creating an unsafe atmosphere in Seattle or a chance for Mike McGinn’s haters to go on the attack?",
"\n\nRelated Content\n\nBased on recent events, it would seem the answer is all of the above.",
"\n\nOn Wednesday night Bruce Harrell’s Public Safety Commission met to get an update on the mayor’s Center City Initiative – which aims to collaboratively tackle problems associated with homelessness and street disorder downtown. ",
"Not surprisingly, the meeting was scheduled as public concern over downtown safety grows, stoked by things like Danny Westneat columns about his alarmed buddy from New York and comments, cited by the Seattle Times this morning, about how King County Sheriff John Urquhart’s wife doesn’t feel safe taking a bus downtown to the movies. ",
"Of course, all of this comes with the backdrop of last month’s bus shooting and a string of other unnerving events that provides the impression that low level crime and homeless-related blight is at an all-time high in the Emerald City.",
"\n\nAccording to the Times, Public Safety Commission Chairman Harrell scheduled yesterday’s meeting because he “wanted an update on the initiative, how it was measuring the problem and how the city can most effectively ‘move the needle’ on the chronic problems downtown, which include open-air drug dealing, public drinking and urination.”",
"\n\nWith the perceived uptick in all the problems, it’s not really surprising that the City Council’s Public Safety Commission – led by Harrell – would want an update and a chance to ask questions. ",
"However, with election season upon us, perhaps it’s also not really surprising that the very next day, at a press conference this morning, Harrell would stand beside McGinn’s challenger Ed Murray at a planned press conference and offer his “official and unconditional endorsement” for the man gunning for McGinn’s job. ",
"As a press release issued this morning from the Murray camp trumpeted, the presser was intended “to roll out Murray’s public safety agenda,” with one of the key components being how to deal with “the mounting concerns about street crime in Seattle.”",
"\n\nCoincidence? ",
"Sure, maybe. ",
"But while there’s no doubt Harrell has a track record as a leader and champion on public safety and social justice issues during his time on the Council, the timing of it all makes Wednesday “update” on the Center City Initiative feel like politically motivated theater, doesn’t it?",
"\n\n“I heard a unity of vision and purpose among the participants in the discussion, which is remarkable and positive. ",
"I did not hear any Councilmembers voice any basis for concern with the Center City approach as outlined yesterday,” says Lisa Daugaard, a key player in the Center City Initiative and deputy director of the Defender Association. ",
"Echoing what she’s said all along about the Center City Initiative, and as the Times notes in its piece on yesterday’s committee meeting, Daugaard told those on hand, “I don’t want anyone to think Center City stands for social services first and enforcement second.”",
"\n\nInterestingly enough, as the Times also notes, Harrell’s main concern during yesterday’s committee meeting centered on “the dramatic drop in civil charges filed by the City Attorney’s Office for low-level street infractions ...” (UPDATE: City Attorney’s Office Spokesperson Kimberly Mills points out that Holmes’ office “doesn’t file civil charges; SPD officers file the tickets/infractions directly with the Seattle Municipal Court.”) ",
"According to the Murray press release, however, at today’s press conference Harrell was to be joined by none other than City Attorney Pete Holmes, with both men calling for McGinn’s ouster.",
"\n\nNice to see the two leaders have a shared vision … at least when it comes to getting rid of McGinn.",
"\n\n“Credit for this emerging consensus about a new, more reality-based approach to public order issues definitely goes to visionary business and neighborhood leaders participating in the Center City Initiative, and to civil rights and human services leaders who are committed to improving the situation for poor people whose challenges cause problems for themselves as well as for neighborhoods. ",
"The City Attorney and Chief Pugel have made a sincere commitment to this approach as well,” Daugaard tells Seattle Weekly. “",
"But unquestionably, Mayor McGinn and his senior staff have championed and supported this approach, which is the most promising development on making real progress on public order issues for many years. ",
"The McGinn administration has brought the stakeholders together and encouraged development of a consensus approach, in contrast to past divisiveness which accomplished nothing.",
"\n\n“No matter what the outcome of the election is, my hope is that the Center City consensus will hold and community leaders will demand that all of our elected officials pursue an agenda that uses law enforcement where it is fair and effective, and social service strategies where they are most effective.”",
"\n\nAt this point it seems like the biggest threat to that vision is November’s election. ",
"While the Center City Initiative doesn’t need McGinn to succeed, what threatens to doom it is politicians turning Seattle’s problems with homelessness and street disorder into political opportunity, risking any progress made via Center City in the process. ",
"More than Mike McGinn’s job, that’s what’s really at stake."
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"As we “climbed aboard” the UHS after-prom at the ACAC Fitness and Wellness Center, my friends and I were tired to say the least. ",
"After five hours of nonstop dancing at the prom, we tossed away our formal wear, let our hair down, and prepared for the long night ahead. ",
"Upon arriving at ACAC I bolted to the front door, excited to see what was awaiting me inside. ",
"Embodying the cruise ship theme, the front pathway was covered with a blanket of fog as groups walked through the front doors–which displayed a U.S.S. Indian Princess logo–getting their picture taken along the way.",
"\n\nAs I entered, the sound of live music burst through the doors; the sounds grew louder as I was greeted by other eager after-prom goers. ",
"I was completely surrounded by the decoration fish, blue streamers, and blow-up palm trees that disguised the usually plain center.",
"\n\nSmells of Chick-Fil-A sandwiches, smoothies, pizza, hotdogs, and pretzels circulated the room as my friends and I scoped out the venue, stealing snacks along the way. ",
"Making our way downstairs, we passed several rooms where students were getting their palms read by a fortune teller, gaming on Wiis and Xboxes (not sure how to make this plural), playing laser tag, and watching nautical movies such as Titanic and Pirates of the Caribbean. ",
"Others were running around grabbing cotton candy and ice cream from the Sweet Bar–the perfect place for any chocolate or candy lover.",
"\n\nUnionville High School Assistant principal Rudy Reif (left) and Doug Scott of Scott Honda present a Honda CR-V to Virginia Bonds, a junior at Unionville who won the car during Saturday's AfterProm event.",
"\n\nTo the other side of the main dining room, another stair case led us down to the “ship’s” casino. ",
"As a blackjack rookie, the volunteer parents taught me how to play and I ended up cashing in over $1,000 worth of chips. ",
"My parents were enthused when they discovered how much I enjoyed playing.",
"\n\nPast the casino was the “market place” which had stations with activities such as karaoke, henna tattoos, caricature drawing, and action photography. ",
"However, before entering, I was stopped by a magician who thoroughly succeeded in blowing my mind with his card tricks; I still have no clue how the card with my friends name written on it ended up in the magician’s wallet.",
"\n\nWith all of the activities offered at after-prom, it came as a surprise to me when the parents began rounding everyone up to go to the gymnasium for the raffle winners. ",
"The PTO drew one name every hour for different prize giveaways such as a TV, iPod, iPad, and the grand prize: a car, won by junior Virginia Bonds.",
"\n\nAs all of the prizes were given away and the winners cheered, everyone began to file out of ACAC after the long night of fun and games. ",
"Even though the sun was rising as we left and I slept almost the whole next day, I had an amazing time, and can’t wait for my next year’s after-prom!"
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"George W. Bush's art teacher says he'll \"go down in the history books as a great artist\" Bonnie Flood spent a month teaching the former president to paint and says his passion for art is \"amazing\"\n\nAfter a hacker shared emails that revealed former President George W. Bush likes to paint portraits of himself in the shower, Fox 5 in Atlanta has followed up with a very special report from a woman who spent one month teaching him how to paint. \"",
"He picked it up so quick, it was amazing, actually,\" says Bonnie Flood. ",
"The prolific dog painter (\"He started out painting dogs, and I think he said he's painted over 50 dogs,\" said Flood) is \"going to go down in the history books as a great artist.\"",
"\n\nAtlanta News, Weather, Traffic, and Sports | FOX 5"
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"Mulberry Grove (Brownsburg, Virginia)\n\nMulberry Grove is a historic home located near Brownsburg, Rockbridge County, Virginia. ",
"The original section was built about 1790, and later expanded in the 1820s to a two-story, three bay, brick and frame Federal style dwelling. ",
" It has a side gable roof and two chimneys at the northeast end and one brick chimney near the southwest end. ",
"A frame stair hall was added about 1828 and brick wings were added at each end about 1840. ",
"The property includes a contributing log meat house and a double-pen log barn. ",
" The house was built for William Houston, a relative of the Texas pioneer and Rockbridge County native, Sam Houston.",
"\n\nIt was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1994.",
"\n\nReferences\n\nCategory:Houses on the National Register of Historic Places in Virginia\nCategory:Federal architecture in Virginia\nCategory:Houses completed in 1790\nCategory:Houses in Rockbridge County, Virginia\nCategory:National Register of Historic Places in Rockbridge County, Virginia\nCategory:1790 establishments in Virginia"
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"Economists, political scientists, even composition instructors devoted to the process approach, tell us that the marketplace is becoming ever more global and that, in order to compete in the global marketplace, American students will need to be able to communicate in nations not their own to people different from them. ",
"The traditional way of establishing communication with people of another nation has been to learn their language as competently as possible in order to make oneself clear and avoid the confusion of linguistic mistakes and inaccuracies. ",
"Knowing another language is, moreover, the first step in acquiring a wider notion of the society represented by that language. ",
"Today, however, at the very moment when the global marketplace is being celebrated, colleges and universities, including the state universities of Michigan, have all but eliminated foreign language requirements. ",
"In addition, foreign language studies are falling prey to many of the same biases that plague freshman composition.",
"\n\nForeign language studies appear to be embarking on the same path taken by composition studies thirty years ago, and the result is likely to be the same: the nullification of intellectual standards in the field—and another group of students tragically ill-served.",
"\n\nAmong other desirable types of college level training named by employers in Recruiting Trends is training in a foreign language. “",
"Foreign languages offered real advantages when employers were considering current employees for advancement.",
"”[74] Yet no branch of the state universities of Michigan imposes a clear-cut, universal foreign language requirement on undergraduates. ",
"Requirements at MSU and CMU contain loopholes. ",
"And foreign language departments are meanwhile increasingly subject to the same kind of questionable pedagogy that is evident in the case of freshman composition.",
"\n\nAn example is supplied by efforts within the Department of Linguistics and Languages at Michigan State aimed at “restructuring” its curriculum. ",
"One of the architects of this development is Patrick McConeghy, a professor of German at MSU, who has published a number of articles in which he develops his ideas. ",
"McConeghy has been invited to speak on other campuses by language departments seeking what they often call a “new paradigm” for foreign language instruction. ",
"It is McConeghy’s argument that foreign language instruction is too “élitist.",
"”[75] According to his plan, foreign language programs should be reconstructed to make them more “relevant” and “appealing” to students. ",
"This entails the de-emphasis of literary culture in favor of a version of popular culture articulated around the idea of class conflict as the basic human condition. ",
"Under this concept, literary culture becomes a tool of oppression used by those who hold power against those who find themselves in the position of powerlessness.",
"\n\nWhat McConeghy’s article[76] calls “internationalizing the curriculum”[77] might more accurately be described as giving it a political character, infusing it with multiculturalism, and making it one more forum for the ubiquitous “victimology” associated with the humanities and social sciences. ",
"This could lead to absurd results in some cases. ",
"How is it possible, for example, to “internationalize” German, a language largely confined to Central Europe? ",
"And what about Swedish, Thai, or Athabascan? ",
"As is increasingly typical across the curriculum, this proposal gives little attention to the intellectual significance of instruction in a second language, and portrays the language course as a vehicle for promoting the concerns of so-called oppressed groups associated, however loosely, with other languages. ",
"In this framework, Turkish guestworkers in Germany become more important than Schiller and Goethe. ",
"Are Turks important? ",
"Of course. ",
"But why not, in that case, study Turkish?",
"\n\nTraditionally, teachers have understood the value of learning another language to reside in the rigor of acquiring a grammar, syntax, and vocabulary different from those of one’s native language, and in exploring the literature of the new language to gain insights which can then be compared with the insights generated by one’s native literary tradition.",
"\n\nFor this reason, freshman composition consisted historically of a study of rhetoric involving much analysis of literary and other texts. ",
"One acquired mastery in one’s own language in part by immersion in the best that it could offer. ",
"The admirable goal of foreign language instruction was to make students literate in a second language by a similar method of high-level immersion. ",
"The guiding theoreticians in composition programs seem to have rejected this insight. ",
"Many teachers of foreign languages are preparing to do the same. ",
"Hence the strangely named “internationalization” of language courses.",
"\n\nIn his model syllabus for an “internationalized” German program at Michigan State,[78] McConeghy limits mandatory literature courses to two, placing emphasis instead on a sequence of “life and literature” courses. ",
"In the model course, called “German Life and Literature: Cultural Differences” (German 440), the syllabus directs students to study “mainstream strategies to deal with difference” by reading an anthology (in English!) ",
"called Contemporary Perspectives on Psychotherapy with Lesbians and Gay Men.",
"\n\nThis roughly parallels the freshman composition course at Eastern Michigan University which requires students to study anthologies of black separatist and Marxist literature.",
"\n\nThe representative “internationalized” German syllabus directs students to spend a week on “Turkish Women Workers in Germany,” a week on “Male Guestworkers in Germany,” a week on “Peasants in the Middle Ages,” two weeks on “Afro-Germans,” one week on “Gays, Bisexuals and Lesbians,” two weeks on “Male Homosexuals,” one week on “German Immigrants in Michigan,” and an equivalent one week at the very end of the course on “German Jews.” ",
"Only one text listed in the bibliography for this course, Die Judenverfolgung in Mannheim 1933-1945 by H. J. Fliedner (from which students read a total of 85 pages), appears to provide a serious discussion of the Holocaust.[79]\n\nTraditionally, the “internationalized” argument claims, foreign language teachers “choose course materials according to how well they suit a certain language level or represent the literary expressions of the period.",
"”[80] But under the “new paradigm,” McConeghy continues, “our first criterion . . . ",
"would be how well [the materials] reflect the values and beliefs of the members of our target culture at a given time.",
"”[81]\n\nAs the “internationalist” school sees it, foreign language studies in the American university are “dominated by a hierarchy that places literary studies above all others, often to the exclusion of cultural studies beyond the first two years of language learning.",
"”[82] But in what sense, one may wonder, are literary studies not part of cultural studies? ",
"Since literature is the forum in which a culture’s most perceptive observers document their own tradition—as Gustave Flaubert and Emile Zola did for French culture in the nineteenth century, as Herman Melville and Mark Twain did for American culture during the same period—literature is a central and indispensable element in the study and acquisition of diverse viewpoints other than one’s own.",
"\n\nThe error of traditional language teachers, McConeghy argues, is that they stress “correctness before communication” and promote “literary periods, genres, and great authors” over “culture.",
"”[83] “Culture,” however, certainly includes the history, politics, art, and literature of a people, even if it is not comprised exclusively of these things. ",
"What McConeghy appears to be doing covertly is rehearsing the familiar Marxist attack against “bourgeois” or middle-class culture by championing the so-called proletariat. ",
"This type of argument, although common in the academy, has little empirical relevance to late twentieth century life in a technological and democratic society.",
"\n\nWhere does this type of thinking lead? ",
"It leads to a German major who focuses a disproportionate amount of attention on the lifestyles of contemporary German gays and lesbians and, devoting two weeks to the study of Turkish women guestworkers in Germany, can spare only one week in which to consider the Holocaust. ",
"The “new paradigm” largely rejects the traditional content and methods of language instruction, generated and refined over long periods of time, and embraces pedagogical values similar to those evident in today’s degraded freshman composition course. ",
"The associated rejection of “correctness” is nothing less than a rejection of grammar, the basis of rigor in language, and the rejection of canonical literary texts in favor of popular culture.",
"\n\nThe “internationalized” formula is not presently the universal formula for foreign language studies, but given the success of similar ideological formulas in English departments, it enjoys a great likelihood of becoming the typical formula for foreign language studies. ",
"A Spanish teacher at Central Michigan University advises me that she is now forced to teach with a textbook that explicitly disdains grammar and correctness and favors popular over literate culture. ",
"This is a sign that foreign language programs are in trouble.",
"\n\nAn article in Foreign Language Annals on the teaching of Spanish adopts terminology from contemporary composition theory, asserting that, “since facts are unstable,” as the writer claims, “many suggest that the acquisition of cultural knowledge should be process-oriented rather than product-oriented.",
"”[84] Another article in the same issue advocates “holistic scoring,” a grading system that rejects the traditional criterion of linguistic correctness in favor of the now-familiar concern with so-called expressiveness and so-called student self-esteem.[85]\n\nMcConeghy is thus by no means simply one lone, eccentric voice. ",
"He represents an influential movement within college level foreign language departments. ",
"Foreign language studies appear to be embarking on the same path taken by composition studies thirty years ago, and the result is likely to be the same: the nullification of intellectual standards in the field—and another group of students tragically ill-served.",
"\n\nSusan B. Delaney, an associate professor of French at Central Michigan University, explains the tried and tested rationale of traditional foreign language instruction:\n\nGrammar provides the structure that makes communication in a foreign language possible. ",
"Without a sound grammar base, the student can at best speak a pidgin language full of vocabulary but not held together in a way meaningful to the native speaker. ",
"The misunderstandings that result from faulty grammar can be harmless and comical, but they can also be embarrassing to the badly taught speaker, and confusing, boring, or even insulting to the foreign listener. ",
"Ultimately, the American student who is poorly educated in the grammar of a foreign language, appears less intelligent than he or she really is, because complex thought cannot be conveyed in the absence of an equally complex linguistic apparatus.[86]\n\nDelaney’s formula agrees with Koper’s statement about the centrality of grammar and other basics to the study of English composition cited in the previous chapter. ",
"The absence of their type of thinking from so much of the existing curriculum may well explain the troubling observations about the knowledge and ability of today’s college graduates made by the researchers quoted in chapter 1. ",
"Delaney also remarks, in conversation, that her students have difficulty with French grammar and she attributes this to their never having learned English grammar. ",
"Part of the tragedy of the transformation of foreign language programs from their traditional form to the form dictated by the “new paradigm” is that, once this transformation is complete, there will be no place in the university where students are challenged to live up to the standards embodied in grammar and literature. ",
"As the philosopher Teilhard de Chardin liked to say, the limits of one’s language determine the limits of one’s thoughts. ",
"Heather Mac Donald might well have been thinking of this insight when she noted in her article on freshman composition that failure to instill language competency leaves students unable to think.",
"\n\nForeign language programs have served the incidental but useful purpose of teaching many students what the mandatory freshman composition course now fails to teach them, but this may not be the case much longer, as viewpoints like McConeghy’s become dominant. ",
"Of course, the downgrading of foreign language instruction might ultimately be irrelevant, since fewer and fewer undergraduate majors require students to master a foreign language."
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"Tesla has placed a strange restriction on its forthcoming self-driving car technology: Customers who will not be allowed to use it to work for ride-hailing companies like Uber and Lyft.",
"\n\nThe rule is listed on Tesla's website, and was spotted by Ars Technica's Jonathan Gitlin. \"",
"Please note also that using a self-driving Tesla for car sharing and ride hailing for friends and family is fine,\" it warns, \"but doing so for revenue purposes will only be permissible on the Tesla network, details of which will be released next year.\"",
"\n\n(The Tesla network is going to be a ride-hailing/taxi network run by the electric car company, though it has yet to officially launch.)",
"\n\nTesla is effectively telling its customers that even if they buy its cars, they can't use them in a way that would benefit its competitors.",
"\n\nThe prohibition raises interesting questions around ownership: Does Tesla have the right to tell people what they can and can't do with their vehicle after they purchase it? ",
"And even if the contract permits Tesla to place these kinds of restrictions, will people wade through the legalese and realise it before buying the car?",
"\n\nTesla founder Elon Musk. ",
"Reuters/Mike Blake It's not clear how Tesla intends to actually enforce this ban. ",
"The company has got no way of knowing if a driver is using a ride-hailing app, rather than just taking lots of short trips from spot to spot. ",
"Will it monitor all customers' journeys to look for suspicious patterns? ",
"And what action will it take against offenders if it finds them — sue them? ",
"Deactivate their self-driving capabilities?",
"\n\nTesla's website specifically mentions ride hailing, but the term \"revenue purposes\" suggests a broader application of this rule. ",
"It could feasibly be interpreted as meaning the autonomous driving technology cannot be used for other commercial purposes, like deliveries.",
"\n\nAfter all, Uber is branching out into delivery services with UberRUSH; it's an area that would also make sense for Tesla to explore with its Tesla network.",
"\n\nTesla did not immediately respond to a request for comment.",
"\n\nHere's the full section from Tesla's website on self-driving tech:"
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"As the world awaits the Supreme Court’s verdict on Aasia Bibi’s unjust conviction and death sentence in a blasphemy case, hardliners have started agitating both online and offline, increasing pressure on the authorities to uphold the sentence. ",
"A not-so-cryptic tweet by Rizvi Media of Tehreek-e-Labbaik (TLYR) reads: “Think carefully before making any decision.”",
"\n\nThe fate of those unjustly accused of blasphemy hinges on this emblematic case, which has created an environment of fear and hostility for Pakistanis especially those who adhere to religions other than Sunni Islam.",
"\n\nSince Punjab governor Salmaan Taseer’s killing in 2010, I have interviewed and spoken to hundreds of Pakistani minorities. ",
"The impact of Taseer’s death, for taking a stand against Aasia Bibi’s arrest on blasphemy charges, came up a lot in the conversations. ",
"Many spoke about how unsafe minorities felt in Pakistan. ",
"If a governor could not be protected, then what of religious minorities, who are at a higher risk?",
"\n\nEight years on, the situation seems to be getting worse. ",
"Prosecutions on blasphemy charges have expanded to the internet and people have been accused even for social media posts.",
"\n\nIn February this year, a video of an injured young man, Sajid Masih, went viral on social media. ",
"Sajid alleged that he was tortured by an officer belonging to the Federal Investigation Agency who ordered him to have sex with his cousin, Patras. ",
"Unable to bear the humiliation, Sajid jumped off from the fourth floor of the FIA building.",
"\n\nPatras Indreyas Masih, Sajid’s cousin, was charged with committing blasphemy – taken into police custody on February 19 after being accused of posting a blasphemous message on Facebook. ",
"The case, which was filed by a TLYR supporter, went to trial on April 30.",
"\n\nPatras Masih’s lawyer and family insist that he was a minor at the time of the alleged offence. ",
"However, the authorities have prosecuted and tried Patras as an adult. ",
"His family says that, despite allegations in the media that his National ID card showed he was 21, his age on his CNIC was changed for him to be able to get a job and provide for his low-income family.",
"\n\nHis birth certificate clearly shows he was born in 2001, proving he was 17 at the time of the post. ",
"Pakistan is party to the Convention on the Rights of the Child, according to which each child has the rights to freedom of religionand expression.",
"\n\nAccusing and prosecuting children for blasphemy is not new to Pakistan. ",
"Many other minors who were arrested on blasphemy charges include Salamat Masih (11) of Gujranwala, Rimsha Masih (13) of Islamabad, Nabil Chohan (16) of Kasur, Ryan Stenton (16) of Karachi and Aqib Saleem (15), an Ahmadi of Gujranwala. ",
"Nabil Chohan has been in jail for two years without access to a lawyer of his choice.",
"\n\nIn addition to minors, the list of Pakistanis condemned under blasphemy charges include women, older people, persons with mental disabilities, teachers, school and university students and many others. ",
"In 2009, a blasphemy case against a Muslim woman living with schizophrenia, Zaibunnisa, was quashed by the Lahore High Court after she had spent nine years in jail and five in a mental health facility.",
"\n\nEven the faintest suspicion of a blasphemy allegation is enough to put the accused and, in case of religious minorities, their entire community in danger. ",
"In 2012, I had reported on an Ahmadi man who was acquitted in a blasphemy case after spending years in prison sharing a barrack with militants. ",
"Despite being proven innocent, he ended up living in hiding, unable to step out the town his family was living in. ",
"He eventually had to flee Pakistan for a safer place for him and his family.",
"\n\nChristians and Ahmadis have been displaced within Pakistan and others have had to either flee the country or seek asylum elsewhere due to the lack of protections and the constant threat of blasphemy laws pending over them.",
"\n\nThe impunity and free pass given to those who use blasphemy laws to threaten and attack minorities is not a mystery. ",
"So far, there has been no accountability for those who have justified and advocated hatred and discrimination against the most marginalised sectors of society.",
"\n\nDespite decades of activism by civil-society organisations, journalists and legislators to amend the blasphemy laws to protect the rights to freedom of religion and expression for all, Pakistani authorities seem reluctant to bring laws in line with international law and have preferred to stay in the past. ",
"In the meantime, the list of victims who fall prey to blasphemy allegations keeps growing.",
"\n\nThe question is: will Naya Pakistan take a stand against the religious discrimination that has hounded minorities for decades in Purana Pakistan?",
"\n\nToday, Patras Masih’s parents remain displaced from their home due to threats they have received since their son was accused. ",
"It is time for the justice system to ensure that blasphemy allegations are no longer used to silence and violate the human rights of any Pakistani.",
"\n\nThe writer is a South Asia Researcher at Amnesty International.",
"\n\nEmail: [email protected]\n\nTwitter: @rabail26"
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"The white 26° Lens Tube from ETC is an interchangeable accessory for Source Four Mini lighting fixtures. ",
"When mounted to a Source Four Mini light, this optical attachment outputs a 26° field angle, equal to 13.7 ft field diameter at 30 ft. ",
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"\nWhen barley aleurone layers were incubated with (3)H-Gibberellin A1 ((3)H-GA1), the hormone was converted to (3)H-GA-X (not identified), (3)H-GA8 and two other compounds tentatively identified as (3)H-GA1-glucoside, and (3)H-GA8-glucoside. ",
"Uptake and metabolism of the (3)H-GA1 were markedly enhanced by simultaneous treatment with abscisic acid (ABA). ",
"Uptake of (3)H-GA1 from the medium containing ABA was linear over a 24-h period, whereas in the absence of ABA, uptake of (3)H-GA1 leveled off after 5 h. After 24 h, aleurones treated with (3)H-GA1 and (3)H-GA1 plus ABA, had taken up 9 and 24%, respectively, of the original (3)H-GA1 provided. ",
"Metabolism of (3)H-GA1 proceeded at a linear rate in the presence of ABA. ",
"The amount of (3)H-GA1-metabolites which had accumulated by the end of a 24-h incubation appeared to be linearly correlated to the logarithm of the ABA concentration. ",
"Gibberellins A8 and-A8-glucoside did not reverse GA1-enhanced synthesis of α-amylase."
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"The answer is simple: YOU are what makes your story worth telling. ",
"Harry Potter wasn't an original story, and yet told very well, it became an excellent series.",
"\n\n\n\nMy suggestion to you is to ask what unique passions or life experiences you have that aren't found in the average fantasy book. ",
"This genre still has a lot of room to grow. ",
"A person passionate about sports could write a very different fantasy novel from one passionate about lawn care--assuming they take what they know and love and make us, as readers, come to know and love it as well.",
"\n\n\n\nGood luck!"
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"Q:\n\nWhy is this statement 'There is a real number $x$ such that $x^2 < x$.' not true?",
"\n\nDetermine whether the statements are true or false.",
"\n There is a real number $x$ such that $x^2 < x$.\n\nMy obvious answer was the statement is true,\ntake e.g. $x=0.5$\nBut the solution says otherwise: (Discrete Mathematics with Applications)\n\nThis is strange, is the answer wrong because all I need to show is that there exists one real number for this given statement to be true.",
"\nedit: added question screenshot: part b)\n\nA:\n\nIf this is correctly quoted, it is terribly incorrect. ",
"It looks like a copy/paste error: the text $$\\mbox{The truth value of this statement is 'True' . . . ",
"but the statement is False}$$ makes me suspect that in an earlier draft, this was two examples - one of the form \"there exists an $x$\" and one of the form \"for all $x$.\" \n\n"
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"Is Phil Coulson ok with Cap being a Hydra agent?",
"\n\nLast week, Marvel fans were pretty shaken up by the news that their beloved hero Captain America aka Steve Rogers is, and has been since he was a child, an undercover agent for Hydra.",
"\n\nSeveral fans and industry folks took to Twitter to talk about this big twist and how it affects Cap's long-running storyline. ",
"Imagine what one of Cap's biggest fans ever -- Phil Coulson -- must be going through.",
"\n\nActor Clark Gregg (who played Agent Coulson in the Marvel Cinematic Universe and continues to do so in \"Agents of Shield\") recently posted a tweet addressed to \"Steve Rogers: Captain America\" writer Nick Spencer, showing his support (sort of) on the big twist.",
"\n\nHey, @nickspencer you tell your story. ",
"I'll wait and see where it goes.",
"\n\n\"Steve Rogers: Captain America\" writer Nick Spencer and Marvel editor Tom Brevoort are the people who introduced this major twist. \"",
"This is not a clone, not an imposter, not mind control, not someone else acting through Steve,\" Spencer told Entertainment Weekly. \"",
"This really is Steve Rogers, Captain America himself.\"",
"\n\nRick Remender, the previous writer on Captain America, was planning a story in which Hydra infiltrated various institutions of government and superhero teams, but when Spencer took over, he simplified it to \"one very valuable Hydra plant.\"",
"\n\nSpencer explained: \"So I started asking, who's the worst person it could possibly be? ",
"It was really obvious straight away that there's nobody who could do more damage and nobody that could be a more valuable Hydra plant than Steve Rogers. ",
"That was really the genesis. ",
"It sprang pretty organically from story ideas that were already on the table.\""
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"I must confess that every time Representative Michele Bachmann uttered the phrase “as president of the United States” during Thursday’s Republican presidential debate I blacked out a little bit, so I’m sure that I missed some things.",
"\n\nBut one thing that I didn’t miss was the moment when all the candidates raised their hands, confirming that they felt so strongly about not raising taxes that they would all walk away from a hypothetical deficit-reduction deal that was as extreme as 10 parts spending cuts to one part tax increases.",
"\n\nThat moment should tell every voter in America everything about this current crop of Know-Nothings — no person who would take such a stance is fit to be president of the United States or any developed country.",
"\n\nGood governance in a democratic society is about the art of the deal, not fiats and dictum. ",
"You want leaders who stand up for principles but not in the way of progress."
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"Cash (1933 film)\n\nCash is a 1933 British comedy film directed by Zoltan Korda and starring Edmund Gwenn, Wendy Barrie and Robert Donat. ",
"It was made by Alexander Korda's London Film Productions.",
"\n\nPlot\nA businessman on the brink of bankruptcy struggles to keep his company afloat.",
"\n\nCast\n Edmund Gwenn - Edmund Gilbert\n Wendy Barrie - Lilian Gilbert\n Robert Donat - Paul Martin\n Morris Harvey - Meyer\n Lawrence Grossmith - Joseph\n Clifford Heatherley - Hunt\n Hugh E. Wright - Jordan\n Anthony Holles - Inspector\n\nReferences\n\nBibliography\n Kulik, Karol. ",
"Alexander Korda: The Man Who Could Work Miracles. ",
"Virgin Books, 1990.",
"\n\nExternal links\n\nCategory:1933 films\nCategory:British films\nCategory:British comedy films\nCategory:1930s comedy films\nCategory:English-language films\nCategory:Films directed by Zoltán Korda\nCategory:Films set in London\nCategory:Films produced by Alexander Korda\n\nCategory:British black-and-white films"
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"German Patent No. ",
"30 50 102 describes a sorting plant which has an endless chain of carts which circulates on a closed rail that forms a loop. ",
"Each cart of this chain has a receptacle that can be swiveled about on a slanted axis from its horizontal starting position into two dumping positions. ",
"Several loading stations at which the piece goods are loaded onto the receptacles and several target stations are arranged along the loop. ",
"One of the target stations is assigned to the cart onto which the piece goods are loaded at the loading station. ",
"Once the cart reaches the target station, a horizontal rail is transversely displaced, so that it presses against the outer perimeter of a rotating disk arranged on the cart. ",
"This results in the disk being turned, thus tilting the receptacle into one of its two dumping positions, so that the piece goods are unloaded at the target station.",
"\nThis plant has proven itself very well in practical application, particularly in those instances where the size of the piece goods fluctuates only slightly. ",
"However, if the size of the various piece goods fluctuates significantly, certain difficulties exist with regard to accuracy at the target stations since the receptacles that are tilted about the slanted axes accelerate the piece goods differently, toward the side, depending on the position of their center of gravity. ",
"The speed of the chain of carts must thus be reduced if significantly fluctuating sizes of piece goods are transported, which in turn also limits the capacity of the plant.",
"\nDE-OS 26 58 517 describes another sorting plant. ",
"In this particular instance, the carrying receptacles of the carts can be selectively swiveled about one of two horizontal axes that are laterally displaced relative to each other. ",
"In the starting position the receptacle is retracted into correspondingly offset bearing shells by two tension springs. ",
"This application also mentions that one individual package could be placed onto two carrying receptacles. ",
"However, this is only possible if the rail has a linear extension between the loading station and the target station since the unavoidable relative movement of adjacent receptacles on curves or on inclines would lead to an uncontrollable displacement of the package and thus to disruptions in the activity of the plant because the position of the center of gravity and the condition of the packages would vary significantly. ",
"In addition to this, the unloading of a package at the target station largely depends on the position of the center of gravity and thus, according to this suggestion, becomes relatively inaccurate."
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"\nThe prebiotic synthesis of His and its dimer has led us to study the possible catalytic properties of His-His. ",
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"The high seas have revealed in an in-depth survey of where the most high C’s are to be found around the globe.",
"\n\nCelebrity Cruises commissioned detailed research into where in the world are to be found the most sung about cities, towns and locations it has been revealed.",
"\n\nThe list has New York as the outright winner with 161 songs and some distance behind is London in second place with 102 songs.",
"\n\nThey are followed by Los Angeles 87, Paris 52 and Miami in fifth place with 46 songs mentioning the city.",
"\n\nCelebrity Cruises wanted to know if people whom travel were inspired to do so because of a song about a romantic or just an inspiring and interesting place to visit. ",
"Maybe they were thinking of one of the ports that their ships regularly sail from Southampton? ",
"Three songs from there by Craig David, John and Yoko and Tinie Tempah.",
"\n\nAlthough one song on the very detailed listing was written about a small town in North East England, Hartlepool and probably has never seen a Celebrity Cruise ship in its time? ",
"But if it has please send details to me? ",
"The song from there was from the 1960’s and by Benny Hill a slightly bawdy English comedian.",
"\n\nAlthough another place on the list Burgh Island would be dwarfed if one of the latest cruise ships dropped in at its South Devon island resort location. ",
"What a song and dance that would cause for this famous Agatha Christie’s favourite location used in one of her crime story books. ",
"Ben Howard sang the song by the way.",
"\n\nThe research data was compiled by scanning lyrics of over 200,000 charting singles from the past 60 years. ",
"To create this unique music mapping tool, Celebrity Cruises used manual and automated analysis to scan the songs that charted in the top 40 of the US Billboard Hot 100 and UK Official Singles chart since 1960 to find mentions of cities, towns, neighbourhoods and states.",
"\n\nMUSIC MAPPED RESEARCH\n\nThis extensive research resulted in a final data set of over 2,000 songs by 897 artists with 422 different places being mentioned around the world.",
"\n\nThis is the full top twenty:\n\n1. ",
"New York, USA – 161 songs 11. ",
"Atlanta, USA – 23 songs 2. ",
"London, UK – 102 songs 12 Detroit, USA – 23 songs 3. ",
"Los Angeles, USA – 87 songs 13. ",
"Compton, USA – 21 songs 4. ",
"Paris, France – 52 songs 14. ",
"Tokyo, Japan – 20 songs 5. ",
"Miami, USA – 46 songs 15. ",
"Houston, USA – 16 songs 6. ",
"New Orleans, USA – 43 songs 16. ",
"Las Vegas, USA – 16 songs 7. ",
"Rome, Italy – 30 songs 17. ",
"Ibiza, Spain – 12 songs 8. ",
"San Francisco, USA – 28 songs 18. ",
"Mumbai, India – 11 songs 9. ",
"Memphis, USA – 28 songs 19. ",
"Liverpool, UK – 11 songs 10. ",
"Chicago, USA – 24 songs 20. ",
"Milan, Italy – 10 songs\n\nJo Rzymowska, Managing Director of Celebrity Cruises commented: “Music can inspire where we travel and bring back emotive memories of the places we’ve been – often providing a distinct soundtrack to our holidays and adventures. ",
"We love that this innovative data project creates a fun and engaging way to explore the world. ",
"By marrying music and travel over the past 60 years, we hope the project sparks conversation and inspiration for your next trip.”",
"\n\nDr. Jon Stewart, BA (Hons) Music Business Course Leader at British Institute of Modern Music (BIMM) Institute Brighton and popular music expert, commented: “Music is inevitably tied to location – who could imagine The Beach Boys without references to California? ",
"Without the geographical touch-points found in Britpop, it simply wouldn’t make sense.",
"\n\nAnd, how would the blues, country, and rock and roll genres be received if they were stripped of all connections to the geography and politics of the American deep south that inspired them?”",
"\n\nThe survey also throws up a whole combination of other facts that you can check for yourself.",
"\n\n1. ",
"Which artist mentions the most places?",
"\n\n2. ",
"The ten most sung about places in Europe?",
"\n\n3. ",
"The most sung about places in the UK?",
"\n\n4. ",
"The 10 most sung about places in the US?"
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"Q:\n\nSmooth spectral decomposition of a matrix\n\nLet $A : x \\mapsto A(x)$ be a $C^\\infty$ map from the half-plane $\\left\\{ (x_1,x_2,\\cdots,x_n) \\in \\mathbb{R}^n,\\ x_n>0\\right\\}$ to the space of symmetric matrices with real coefficients. ",
"Suppose that $\\dim \\ker A(x)$ is constant on the half-plane. ",
"Then for all $x$ we can find an orthogonal matrix $P(x)$ such that $^tP(x) A(x)P(x)$ is a diagonal matrix. ",
"\n\nCan we find a map $P$ such that $x\\mapsto P(x)$ is regular ($C^\\infty$ would be perfect but $C^1$ also good) ?",
"\nAre projections on the eigenspaces regular?",
"\nIf $A(x)$ is definite positive for all $x$ in the half-plane, is the square-root of $A(x)$ regular?",
"\nIf now, we suppose that $P$ is only invertible (but we still have $^tP(x) A(x)P(x)$ is a diagonal matrix), can $P$ be regular ?",
"\n\nIf the answer is no for one of this question, do you have a counterexample? ",
"If this answer is yes but if we assume more regularity of $A$ (for example real analytic), please tell me. ",
"Any references would be appreciated.",
"\n\nA:\n\nApart from point 3 the answer is clearly negative. ",
"Take two matrices $A_1,A_2$ requiring different $P$, and then take $A(x)=f(x)A_1+g(x)A_2+I$ where $f$ is a smooth function supported on $(0,1]$ and $g$ is a smooth function supported on $[1,+\\infty)$ (in particular $A(1)=I$). ",
"Then clearly $P$ cannot be regular at $x=1$. (By the way I don't see what you hope to gain by restricting $x$ to a half-space.) ",
"Just requiring $P$ to be invertible rather than orthogonal (and supposedly changing ${}^tP$ into $P^{-1}$ so that we are still talking about conjugation) makes no big difference. ",
"We can take the characteristic polynomials of $A_1,A_2$ to have simple roots; then the columns of $P(x)$, which must be eigenvectors of$~A_i(x)$, are limited to be scalar multiples of the columns of an orthogonal choice for $P$, and the scalar cannot be zero or tend to zero as $x\\to1$ (that would give a non-invertible matrix $P(1)$). ",
"But this means there is no way to reconcile the left and right limits of $P(x)$ at $x=1$ in a continuous manner.",
"\nAs for 3., ",
"it is true. ",
"The map $S\\mapsto S^2$ from the set of positive definite symmetric matrices to itself is bijective (for this use that the eigenspaces of $S^2$ are identical to those of $S$), smooth, and has injective derivative (a small computation, for which we can assume that $S$ is diagonal), so the local inversion theorem says its inverse is smooth. (",
"This does not remain true if we extend to semi-definite matrices.)",
"\n\nA:\n\nTo add to Marcs answer: There is indeed a smooth (in fact real analytic) square root function on the space of symmetric positive definite matrices. ",
"One can use the power series expansion $\\sqrt{1+z}=\\sum_{k=0}^\\infty \\binom{1/2}{k} z^k$ which converges for $|z|<1$. This means that $A\\mapsto\\sum_{k=0}^\\infty \\binom{1/2}{k} A^k$ is a smooth function on $\\lbrace A \\mid \\sigma(A)\\subset(0,1)\\rbrace$. Since the Frobenius norm $\\|A\\|_F:=\\sqrt{\\sum_{i,j} a_{ij}^2}$ is smooth as a function of $A$ and majorizes the spectral radius we can force the spectral radius to be less than one by looking at $\\frac{1}{42\\|A\\|_F}A$ instead of $A$. ",
"Hence the global square root can be written as $A\\mapsto \\sqrt{42\\|A\\|_F} \\sqrt{\\frac{A}{42\\|A\\|_F}}$ which is now a smooth function of $A$.",
"\n\n"
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"Remlinger Farms\n\nRemlinger Farms is a working farm located in Carnation, Washington, and listed in the Library of Congress Local Legacies Project. ",
" It is open to the public for 6 months of the year with amusement rides, entertainment, u-pick fields and corn mazes specializing in local produce. ",
"It was originally created from the Remlinger family farm, owned by Floyd Remlinger, before being taken over by his son, Gary Remlinger.",
"\n\nHistory \n\nBeginning in 1965, and starting with little more than gunny sacks of corn sold for $1.00 each, the farm has evolved and grown much larger, adding a farm market, amusement rides, theater, petting zoo, restaurant, and the Tolt River Railroad Steam Train Ride pulled by a genuine steam engine (built by Crown Metal Products) that travels on a figure 8, narrow gauge track within the farm.",
"\n\nActivities \n\nDuring the spring and fall, the farm hosts educational school tours allowing schoolchildren the chance to see a working farm, ride on the amusement rides (including a small roller coaster), learn about farm animals and even get up close to them, from cows to bees, safely.",
"\n\nThe farm hosts a month-long pumpkin patch for the entire month of October, ending its year on Halloween.",
"\n\nReferences\n\nExternal links \n\n \n\nCategory:Buildings and structures in King County, Washington\nCategory:Tourist attractions in King County, Washington\nCategory:Farms in Washington (state)"
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"The Song Of Solomon, sometimes also termed \"The Song Of\nSongs,\" draws considerable controversy.",
"Some of the questions are: who wrote it, when was it written, and what\ndoes it mean?Also, like the book of\nEsther, there is no mention of God, His law, or worship, nor are any passages\nthere from quoted by New Testament writers.",
"Therefore, doubt has arisen over whether the volume even belongs in the\ncanon of scripture.",
"An investigation of\nthe book's rightful place in the Bible is left to a separate study, which is\nadmittedly complex and daunting, though important and beneficial.",
"However, a few points on the matter are\nstated nevertheless.",
"\n\nTo begin, the Song Of Solomon has been included in the\nHebrew Bible since ancient times and attested as such by historians of the New\nTestament era, such as Josephus.",
"Moreover, it was included in the Dead Sea Scrolls, along with many other\nOld Testament manuscripts.",
"Those who\nwere in the best position to know affirm its rightful place.",
"Furthermore, the book holds up a high moral\nstandard when viewed in the light of the remainder of scripture.",
"Nothing in the text contradicts divine law or\nhistorical facts.",
"Notwithstanding, even\nif its canonicity is disregarded, there is still a moral reward gained by its\nstudy: a point in favor of a divine origin.",
"This study moves forward on the basis of accepting the book to be\ninspired by God.",
"\n\nPractically every reliable translation renders the opening\nas, \"The song of songs, which is Solomon's.",
"\"However, scholars agree that this phrase in\nthe original language is not clear whether the possessive case indicates that\nhe authored it, that it is about him, or that it is in accordance with\nhim.",
"Controversy about the time of the\nwriting arises as well.",
"Some\nobservations are offered regarding this.",
"Solomon is indicated as king in this dialog (3:11), having at this time\n60 wives (queens) and 80 concubines (6:8).He would eventually accumulate 700 wives and 300 concubines (1 Kings\n11:3), so it would seem safe to say it was written some time during his\nreign.",
"Moreover, many references to\nhorticulture, agriculture, architecture, and wildlife appear in the narrative,\nabout which Solomon was an expert and skilled writer (1 Kings 4:33;\nEcclesiastes 2:4-6).The dialog also\ncontains a reference to a filly of Pharaoh (1:9), and Solomon did horse trading\nwith Egypt (1 Kings 10:28, 29).An\nargument heard against Solomon as the author is that a monogamous marriage\nrelationship is herein glorified (6:3), but Solomon was a blatant\npolygamist.",
"Nevertheless, Solomon was a\nprolific writer (1 Kings 4:32) completely capable of speaking favorably of monogamy,\nseeing its worth in the lives of others (Proverbs 5:18).Besides, by the inspiration of God, men were\noften moved to write about things they did not understand (1 Peter 1:10-12; 2\nPeter 1:20, 21).It is fully plausible\nand reasonable that Solomon is the author.",
"Regardless, we do not need to know with certainty the author; we don't\nknow with certainty the authorship of several books accepted as canonical.",
"Our primary concern in this study is not\nabout these things but about the examples of love and grace manifested which we\ncan apply in our own relationships.",
"\n\nThe scriptures contain frequent references to all kinds of\nhuman sexual activity; some lawful and wholesome, some unlawful and\ncorrupt.",
"In the Song Of Solomon\nespecially, candid discussion on passionate, physical desire dominates the\ndialog.",
"For this reason, this study\nshould be applied with some age sensibility.",
"Participants need to be able to consider and discuss these matters\nopenly and maturely.",
"The New Testament\nwriters at times had to tailor their teaching to the maturity of their audience\n(1 Corinthians 3:1, 2, Hebrews 5:13, 14).Good judgment regarding age appropriateness needs to be exercised in\nthis study as well.",
"Furthermore, those\nwho will benefit from this study are not limited only to young adults in their\ncourtships and in early married life but also to those in advanced\nrelationships.",
"All such relationships\nusually have room for improvement, and the aged for whom such relationships are\npassed can learn from this study how better to teach the young (Titus 2:2-6).",
"\n\nThe interpretation of\nthis book has long been the subject of speculation and debate.",
"Some of the various ideas are as follows:\n\n·This is a love story regarding one of Solomon's\nmarriages.",
"\n\n·This is only an allegory of God's love for\nIsrael or Christ's love for the church.",
"The verses are not speaking literally of the love between a man and a\nwoman but are purely figurative.",
"\n\n·This is nothing more than factual history.",
"\n\n·This is merely a collection of erotic poems and\nlove songs.",
"\n\n·This is not about Solomon at all but a shepherd\nwho is loved by the Shulamite maiden.",
"As\nreferences to Solomon are in the third person, he is not actually involved in\nthe dialog.",
"\n\n·This is a story of a love triangle.",
"A beloved shepherd is the second man in\naddition to Solomon.",
"The third character\nis a Shulamite maid who loves the shepherd and cannot be won by Solomon's\nadvances.",
"\n\nFor this study, the last\nof these views is the one used as an approach.",
"This viewpoint is adopted, not with dogmatism, but in an attempt to\nharmonize God's divine and flawless word.",
"This suggested approach will hopefully be shown to be valid as the study\nprogresses.",
"This approach will be\napplied consistently throughout the study with every attempt to harmonize the\ncontext and the remainder of scripture. ",
"Some other interpretation of the text may be\ncorrect, but if it is, care must be taken to likewise explain its harmony to\nthe rest of scripture.",
"In some cases,\nthe explanation given may seem to be a stretch, however, similar difficulties\nin explanation will characterize other approaches as well, if not worse.",
"This viewpoint is simply taken to be the most\nfeasible; the others are rejected for reasons as follows.",
"\n\nThe view that this is\nthe record of yet another one of Solomon's many marriages is rejected in light\nof God's one-woman-for-one-man plan from the beginning (Genesis 2:24; Malachi\n2:15) and His contempt for polygamy (Deuteronomy 17:17).Polygamy is demonstrated to typically\nassociate with idolatry and unfaithfulness in the Old Testament (Genesis 4:23,\n1 Kings 11:4-8; Jeremiah 2:2-5; Daniel 5:2, 3, 23).It would seem out of place for scripture to\nglorify such a relationship.",
"\n\nThe view that this is\nonly an allegory of God's spiritual relationship with His people may have\narisen from the notion that we ought not be so openly discussing physical,\nsensual, sexual desire, especially in mixed company.",
"The focus of teaching in scripture is\ncertainly spiritual, not carnal.",
"However,\nif this approach is taken, we are forced into some very imaginative speculations\nto fabricate allegories we have presupposed must exist.",
"Moreover, in reaction, some have even\nrecommended that young people should not read this book.",
"This view is rejected as an unnecessary\nsafeguard which has no value against fleshly indulgence (Colossians\n2:20-23).Sex in lawful marriage is\nbeautiful and sacred in the eyes of God (Hebrews 13:4).God is the one who placed this urge in man at\ncreation, and He regulates its lawful fulfillment in a binding lifetime\ncovenant.",
"Christians need to teach\nfrankly God's laws concerning this important facet of human existence in order\nto avoid fornication.",
"\n\nNevertheless, an\nallegory between a marriage relationship and the church and Israel is\nundeniable, as the connection is revealed in many passages (Isaiah 62:5;\nJeremiah 3:1, 20; Hosea 3:1-5; Matthew 25:1-13; Luke 5:34, 35; John 3:29;\nEphesians 5:25, 32; James 4:4).Since\nscripture reveals the allegory, that which we learn about the human\nrelationship in this study is legitimately extended to the spiritual\nrelationship.",
"The idea that this text\ncontains no allegorical messages is as shortsighted as the idea that it contains only allegorical\nmessages.",
"There are many lessons to be\napplied from this book, and the Bible student needs to be open to all of them.",
"Allegorical applications are made in this\nstudy as appropriate and in harmony with scripture.",
"\n\nThe very liberal\nviewpoint that this is nothing more than a historical record of events is also\nrejected.",
"God's revelation to man is\nnever trivial (Romans 15:4).Likewise,\nthe idea that this is merely fiction or a collection of erotic poems is\ndismissed as pure humanism (2 Peter 1:21).This idea is possibly based on the argument that the dialog contains no\nplot.",
"This might be an overstatement,\nhowever, as a shallow plot does exist in that the lovers are separated at the\nbeginning (1:7), they seek one another in the middle (3:2; 4:8), and they are\nunited at the end (8:5).Besides, as\nthis is set in pure poetic form with deep imagery, we ought not be surprised at\nthe frequent use of figurative language.",
"One such figure, apostrophe, is when the speaker turns aside to address\nan imaginary or absent audience, which could possibly explain why the dialog\nsometimes seems to unexpectantly jump between the\ncharacters. ",
"We ought not presume that\nthe dialog needs to flow with a progressing plot the way the book of Esther\ndoes in order for it to have a structured message.",
"\n\nThe view that Solomon is\nnot a dialog character spawns partly from the observation that references to him\nare in the third person (speaking about another).However, this is not exclusively the case.",
"In 8:12, Solomon is clearly addressed in the\nsecond person (speaking to another).Other characters in the dialog are also sometimes referenced in the\nthird person (2:3-6).Moreover, the\nShulamite is brought into the king's chambers (1:4) and is apparently seated\nsomewhat near him at his table (1:12).There is no reason to categorically exclude him from any dialog.",
"Certain subjects, descriptions, and references\nin the verbal exchanges also possibly implicate him as the speaker in places,\nwhich will be brought out as we develop the characters.",
"Besides, whether the king or the shepherd is\nthe speaker does not make much practical difference in the application.",
"This also ought not rule out the possibility\nthat Solomon could be the author.",
"Other\nwriters of scripture also sometimes refer to themselves in the third person\n(John 20:2; 21:7, 20).",
"\n\nRegardless of what\ninterpretation one may adopt for this study, the moral principles and\ninstructions will be the same, if a consistent harmony with scripture is\nmaintained.",
"Whether or not you believe\nthat a shepherd is the beloved or that Solomon speaks in the dialog will not\nessentially change the lessons to be learned. ",
"We are free to differ in opinions on\nincidental matters, and such disagreement between brethren does not mean we\nhave broken fellowship (Romans 14; 1 Corinthians 10).Nevertheless, this allowance for disagreement\non opinion does not also mean we can agree to disagree on any matter of faith\nand moral doctrine yet still maintain fellowship (Romans 16:17, 18).",
"\n\nIf a man were allowed to\nseek happiness and fulfillment in earthly things with nothing held back, could\nhe find it there?Is true happiness found\nin much wealth?Is it found in\nunrestrained sexual gratification?God\nmakes an experiment and example of Solomon.",
"God grants all these things to Solomon, but in the end, his retort is\n\"all was vanity and grasping for the wind\" (Ecclesiastes 2:11). ",
"A common idea is that true happiness can be\nfound in fulfilling the desires of the flesh, but Solomon proves this to be\nwrong.",
"We don't have to try it to know;\nSolomon has done it for us.",
"The Song Of\nSongs thus becomes an indictment against Solomon's lifestyle, who, forsaking\nGod, went after many strange women, who turned him away after their gods (1\nKings 11:1-10).",
"\n\nThe Song Of Solomon is a\nballad, a story in poetic song, as if it were a musical play.",
"The story is understood to be the courtship\nof two lovers: a Shulamite vineyard maiden and her shepherd boyfriend.",
"Love is here depicted as a garden.",
"How do our gardens grow: with flowers and\nfruits or with weeds and thorns?Are our\ngardens cultivated and nurtured, or are they let go to be choked with weeds and\ntrampled by creatures?God placed man in\na garden and created a suitable helper for him (Genesis 2:18).",
"\n\nHusbands and wives who\nserve God are better equipped to have a strong marriage.",
"Likewise, husbands and wives with a strong\nmarriage are better equipped to serve God in every respect.",
"For example, men who serve as elders in the\nchurch are required to have a wife and a healthy home life.",
"Heaven as a goal is easier to achieve with a\nwife as helper.",
"That, after all, is the\ntrue purpose of life and ultimate goal of the study of this book (Ecclesiastes\n2:11).",
"\n\nThere are perhaps six\ncharacters (or groups of characters) in the context, the dialogs of whom are\nindicated in this outline as follows, listed in their order of\nidentification:\n\nSOLOMON (1:1):\nHis language is often typified by military metaphors, references to jewels,\nprecious metals, servants, and the trappings of royalty.",
"\n\nDAUGHTERS OF JERUSALEM\n(1:5):\nTo assume that these are members of Solomon's harem or his concubines can only\ncome by conjecture.",
"A harem was more the\nculture among Persian kings, where women were taken into custody and not\nallowed to have contact with men, other than eunuchs or the king, as seems to\nhave been Esther's situation for a time.",
"Women in such a harem were not free to leave the women's quarters on\ntheir own (Esther 2:8-17).The women\nhere are apparently free to go as they please (3:2, 11).According to the Brown-Driver-Briggs\nHebrew-English Lexicon (BDB), the definition of the original word here for\n\"daughter\" includes merely the women of a particular place.",
"The Septuagint, the Greek Old Testament\n(LXX), has exactly the same original phrase in 1:5 as Jesus utters in Luke\n23:28, as if He borrows it from this book.",
"These Daughters of Jerusalem appear to be shallow in thought and word\nand are infatuated with the king.",
"\n\nTHE BELOVED'S COMPANIONS\n(1:7):\nAt least twice in the narrative is mentioned a group other than the Daughters\nof Jerusalem who appear to be associated with The Beloved and are also\ninfatuated with The Shulamite, but in a different way.",
"\n\nTHE BELOVED (1:13):\nHere is the shepherd boyfriend.",
"He is a\nrugged outdoorsman, whose dialog is flavored with symbolism of horticulture,\nthe forests, and the wildlife of the fields.",
"\n\nTHE SHULAMITE (6:13):\nShe is a beautiful maiden who tends flocks and gardens.",
"She is single-heartedly smitten by the love\nof a young shepherd and repeatedly refuses the advances of Solomon.",
"She speaks candidly at all times without pretence.",
"\n\nHER BROTHERS (8:8):\nThe maiden's brothers are protective and watchful for their little sister,\nviewing her in innocence and purity.",
"\n\nWhether these are in\nfact actual historical characters or fictional characters in an historical\nsetting is beside the point.",
"We can\nlikewise discuss whether the good Samaritan in Jesus' parable is an actual,\nhistorical person or someone fictitious to accommodate a story (Luke\n10:30-37).It doesn't matter; the\nmessages and moral principles we learn from this study will be the same\nregardless.",
"To contend over this would\nbe futile (1 Timothy 6:4; Titus 3:9).",
"\n\nPlease keep in mind that\nthe indication of who is speaking in this narrative is only this writer's\nopinion.",
"The translators of the New King\nJames Version (NKJ) have added similar character indicators in the text, which\nare disclaimed as editor remarks only, not part of the original Hebrew\nmanuscripts.",
"These references are\naltered slightly here at this writer's discretion.",
"\n\nThe book is written\nalmost entirely from the first person point of view (speaking about one's self).Therefore, a key to understanding the text is\nto be able to determine who is doing the speaking in each verse.",
"To determine the speaker's identity, it is\nusually helpful to note the gender, number, and subject matter.",
"For example, when the text says \"let him\nkiss me,\" (1:2) the speaker is understood to be female.",
"Shamefully, in twenty-first century North\nAmerican culture, homosexuality is gaining widespread acceptance.",
"It is disgraceful that we should even need to\nmention that the kind of love involved in this study would be an abomination in\na same-gender relationship (Romans 1:24-28; 1 Corinthians 6:9-11; Ephesians\n5:12; 1 Timothy 1:10).",
"\n\nIn the afore mentioned\nverse, the pronouns are also singular, so the speaker would not be the\nDaughters of Jerusalem but rather the Shulamite.",
"It is also helpful to note the cases where\none is being addressed by name (8:12), which would rule out that one as the\nspeaker.",
"\n\nIn the case of a male\nspeaker, distinguishing between Solomon and The Beloved is not as easy.",
"Consider what would likely comprise the\nverbal responses of Solomon, a self-centered king at this point in his\nreign.",
"We would expect him to frequently\ntalk about himself and his possessions: the kingly things in his life, for\nexamples, jewelry (1:10), warriors (6:4, 10), his house (1:17), his wives and\nconcubines (6:8, 9), servants (7:1), purple textiles (7:5), armories (4:4), and\nroyal horses (1:9).In his quest for\nfulfillment, King Solomon is competing for the love of a young Shulamite\nmaiden, but his desire appears to be primarily carnal.",
"He will also often repeat himself, endlessly\npraising the maiden's physical beauty, but saying virtually nothing about love\nor devotion.",
"These things will implicate\nhim as the speaker in certain passages.",
"\n\nOn the other hand, the\nbeloved shepherd will often speak in detail of things familiar to him, for\nexample, outdoor life (2:12), tenderness (2:15), intimacy (4:8), fidelity\n(8:6), and love (8:7).Of course,\nSolomon also has vineyards and sheep by virtue of his dominion over all the\nland west of the Jordan (1 Kings 4:21-24), but indications are that he\ndelegates the care of these to servants (8:11).The shepherd is portrayed as a hands-on individual who spends much time\nin the field near the sheep (1:7, 8).Of\ncourse, a shepherd will also know something about the stuff of kings, such as\nservants and jewelry, though probably with little familiarity to him.",
"Notwithstanding, these things are utilized\nonly as guidelines and indicators, not dogmatic interpretive rules.",
"\n\nSometimes, in the middle\nof a dialogue, the gender or number will change.",
"This obviously indicates the speaker changes,\ntoo.",
"An example of this occurs in\n7:8-10.Sound judgment needs to be\nemployed to determine the point at which the change occurs and who is\ninvolved.",
"In some cases, the speaker is\ndifficult to determine.",
"However, the\nprimary objective of this study is not to technically dissect the book but\nrather to glean the lessons we can apply to our relationships today.",
"In other cases, the speaker is irrelevant;\nthe message is the same regardless.",
"Room\nfor opinion in cases naturally has to be allowed, but not at the sacrifice of\nscriptural harmony.",
"Good reasoning sense\nwill make this clear.",
"\n\nIn this study, we must understand\nthat, though every word of scripture is true (Psalm 119:160), scripture in some\nplaces is a true record of a person speaking falsely or unwholesomely.",
"For example, the serpent truly said to Eve,\n\"you will not surely die\" (Genesis 3:4), but it was a lie.",
"Similarly, Job truly said, \"The Lord has\ntaken away\" (Job 1:21), but the truth was that God only allowed Satan to\ntake away.",
"Likewise, in this study, we\nwill find Solomon making some unwholesome statements.",
"In these cases, the Holy Spirit is teaching\nus how not to think and act by exposing the folly of another's words.",
"Sound reasoning will be required to determine\nwhen the lesson in the text is in this way negatively or otherwise positively\nderived.",
"\n\nThe fundamental message\nis that love and passion are meant by God to be marvelous things and are\nwholesome when properly pursued.",
"However, it comes as a story in poetic form with detailed descriptions\nand deep imagery.",
"The lyrical and\nsymbolic style gives the story of romance a heightened sense of wonder and\nbeauty.",
"Coincidentally, a review of\nfigurative language in scripture would be a good precursor to this study.",
"\n\nSolomon once wrote,\n\"There are three things which are too wonderful for me, Four which I do\nnot understand: The way of an eagle in the sky, The way of a serpent on a rock,\nThe way of a ship in the middle of the sea, And the way of a man with a\nmaid\" (Proverbs 30:18-19, New American Standard version).To most of us, it would be easier to understand\nthe aerodynamics of winged flight, the biophysics of how snakes move without\nlegs, or the fluid dynamics that propel ships, than it would be to understand\nthe complexities of the relationship of a man and a woman.",
"This book gives us divine insight to this\nwonderful thing we call love.",
"\n\nCommentary follows the\nverses which are in boxed areas with indication of the speaker consistent with\nthe approach and premise explained above.",
"Bible words from the original Hebrew or Greek appear in upper case with\npronunciations following in brackets.",
"The biblical text and quotations are from the New King\nJames Version unless otherwise indicated.",
"\n\nNo greater song could be\nthan that of love (1 Corinthians 13:13).There is no emotion as compelling; love conquers all and never fails (1\nCorinthians 13:7, 8).It is the more\nexcellent way (1 Corinthians 12:31).",
"\n\nLove takes many forms,\nand we use the English word in many ways.",
"We may say we love chocolate, puppies, our wives, and God.",
"In each case, the word \"love\" is\nused, but we realize the meaning is different.",
"Conveniently, the Greek language in which the New Testament is originally\nwritten has at least four different words that distinguish various forms of\nlove.",
"The most common, PHILIA, describes\nfamiliarity and includes the love of friendship (John 20:2).STORGE describes the affectionate love between family members (Romans 1:31, in\nthe negative sense).AGAPE describes the love that always seeks a man's\nhighest good, regardless of his character (John 3:16).The word EROS pertains to physical love or \"mostly of sexual passion\"\n(Liddell-Scott Greek-English Lexicon).It comes to the English language in the word \"erotic,\" which\nwe commonly associate with lust, lewdness, or p0rn0graphy.",
"Proverbs 7:5-27 describes a seductive,\nimmoral woman, and the Septuagint in verse 18 uses this word in the phrase,\n\"Let us delight ourselves with love.",
"\"Though the word EROS may include these things, it is certainly not\nlimited to them.",
"This word also\ndescribes the love of romance.",
"It is the\nlove that makes us write poems and bring flowers.",
"It is the love that makes our palms sweaty\nand our hearts beat faster.",
"This word is\nnot used in the New Testament, but the concept can be seen described as a\nburning passion (1 Corinthians 7:9).",
"\n\nHowever, the original\nlanguage of the Song Of Songs is Hebrew, not Greek.",
"In Hebrew, as in English, the words for love\ndo not have the distinctiveness as the Greek words do, but they include all\nfacets of love.",
"The common Hebrew words\nfor love in the Old Testament are defined by BDB as follows:\n\nRAYAH, noun: {rah-yaw'}\n\"1) attendant maidens, companion.",
"\"Of the ten times this word appears in scripture, nine are in The Song Of\nSongs as a term of endearment (1:9; 2:10; et al).",
"\n\nBy far, AHABAH and its\nkindred forms are the predominate terms for \"love\" in the Old\nTestament.",
"A point of interest comes by\nobserving that these words throughout the Septuagint are sometimes translated\nas a form of PHILIA and sometimes of AGAPE.However, they are translated as AGAPE or a kindred form in The Song Of\nSongs without exception.",
"By the sensual\nand familiar nature of the subject matter, we might have expected those\nscholars to have chosen the word families of PHILIA, the love of friendship, or\nEROS, the love of sensuality, but they did not.",
"Though it may be commentary as much as translation, these scholars saw\nfit to choose Greek words that portray a surrendering, sacrificial, selfless\nlove that manifests itself in self control and seeks\nthe highest good for others.",
"This is the\nlove in The Song Of Songs.",
"\n\nAs this study continues,\nwe will be referring to many scriptures dealing with how we ought to treat\nothers with love and kindness, and we all readily make the application to\nstrangers.",
"However, we need to remember\nthat the Lord's instructions for husbands and wives are not limited to those\npassages where husbands and wives are specifically mentioned (Ephesians\n5:33).The generic instructions, as\nwell, have a direct and vital application to family, friends, and especially\nhusbands and wives (Matthew 7:12).We\nwill see this more clearly with further study.",
"\n\n~\n\nTHE SHULAMITE:\n\n2Let him kiss me\nwith the kisses of his mouth -- For your love is better than wine.",
"\n\n3Because of the\nfragrance of your good ointments, Your name is ointment poured forth; Therefore the virgins love you.",
"\n\n4Draw me away!",
"\n\nThe Greek word for love,\nPHILEO, only appears in this book in the Septuagint here and in 8:1, where both\ntimes it is in the form that signifies a kiss: the mark of friendship.",
"\n\nA Shulamite maid speaks\nof her admiration for her beloved: a shepherd (Song 1:7).The original word for \"name\"\nincludes the idea one's reputation: that quality by which he is known by\nothers, whether good or bad.",
"The Beloved\nhas a good reputation, beneficial and soothing as ointment, which flows out\nonto the world.",
"It makes him deserving\nof the love and admiration of others (vs. 4).He is someone she is proud to introduce to her mother (Song 3:4; 8:2).We all earn a reputation of some kind:\nhonorable or dishonorable.",
"Which\none is ours? ",
"It will be how we are remembered when we are\ngone.",
"\n\nProverbs 22:1A good name is to be chosen rather than\ngreat riches, Loving favor rather than silver and gold.",
"\n\nProverbs 31:23Her\nhusband is known in the gates, When he sits among the elders of the land.",
"\n\nEcclesiastes 7:1A good\nname is better than precious\nointment, And the day of death than the day of one's birth;\n\nSince our reputation is\nbuilt upon how others see us, we might be able to fool people with outward\nrighteousness, at least for a while, and achieve an undeserved good\nreputation.",
"In 3 John 12,\nDemetrius is said to have a good testimony (\"report,\" King James\nVersion: KJV) among all.",
"The original\nword here translated \"testimony\" is MARTUREO {mar-too-reh'-o}, which Joseph H. Thayer (JHT) defines as \"1)\nto be a witness, to bear witness, i.e. to affirm that one has seen or heard or\nexperienced something, or that he knows it because taught by divine revelation\nor inspiration….\"However, note that his good report is not\nonly among men but also of the truth itself.",
"Truth is never deceived.",
"We\ncannot fool God; we may fool men for a while, but the truth will eventually\ncome out, if not in this life, in the final judgment.",
"\n\n1 Timothy 5:24, 25Some\nmen's sins are clearly evident, preceding them to judgment, but those of some\nmen follow later.",
"Likewise, the good\nworks of some are clearly evident, and those that are otherwise cannot be\nhidden.",
"\n\nYoung men and women need\nto get to know the inner person whom they are considering to marry.",
"To do this, we cannot look only outwardly, as\nthe world does (1 Samuel 16:7; 1 Thessalonians 5:21).",
"\n\nFurthermore, \"testimony\" in 3 John 12 is in the\npassive voice, indicating Demetrius is merely a recipient.",
"If our personal ambition is to build a good\nreputation, we will achieve only a bad one.",
"However, if our ambition is to serve the Lord, the good reputation comes\nto us without pursuing it.",
"\n\nA favorable report among men is to be desired, but we must\nbe careful to not put the wrong kind of emphasis on this.",
"Scripture frequently shows godly men being\nspoken of contemptuously by truth haters (Jeremiah 18:18, 19; 1 Peter\n4:4).If we seek the praise of men, we\nwill fall into disrepute with God (John 12:42, 43).",
"\n\nA bad reputation is harmful in several ways.",
"For example, even after Saul of Tarsus is\nconverted, he has to endure doubt and suspicion among his brethren until he is\nknown by his fruits (Acts 9:13, 26).The\nhostile character of Alexander the coppersmith is openly published (2 Timothy\n4:14, 15), and several others among the brethren are identified as disorderly,\nwho are to be avoided (Romans 16:17; 2 Timothy 2:16-19).Furthermore, in certain cultural situations,\nexercising our liberties without regard for a weak brother's conscience can\nneedlessly harm both our reputation and that of the church, not to mention\nleading the weak brother into sin (Romans 14:15, 16; 1 Corinthians 10:28-33).",
"\n\nSolomon brings her into\nhis palace, but her heart is with the beloved shepherd.",
"They are separated but desire to be\ntogether.",
"She is in Solomon's palace but\nnot of his palace.",
"\n\nChristians are in the\nworld but not of the world, but this does not mean that maintaining the\ndistinction is always easy.",
"The\nShulamite needs to be careful; Solomon's palace and the association with his\nmany idolatrous wives is probably not the best environment for her to receive a\ngodly influence.",
"We may not be as strong\nas we think we are to resist temptation in every situation.",
"There are times when a godly person realizes\nhe is in the wrong place and needs to get out before he is ensnared in the sin\nwhich surrounds him (1 Corinthians 10:12-14; 15:33, 34; Hebrews 12:1). ",
"Moreover, we ought not be inviting or\nwelcoming such a circumstance.",
"\n\nThough we should avoid\nevil situations, circumstances that challenge our faith still sometimes\nunavoidably come our way.",
"This is no\nreason for us to go with the crowd, but an opportunity to let our light shine.",
"\n\nRomans 12:2And do not be\nconformed to this world, but be transformed by the renewing of your mind, that\nyou may prove what is that good and acceptable and perfect will of God.",
"\n\nTitus 2:12teaching us that,\ndenying ungodliness and worldly lusts, we should live soberly, righteously, and\ngodly in the present age.",
"\n\nJohn 17:14-18; Col 3:2-7; Jas 4:4\n\nTHE DAUGHTERS OF JERUSALEM:\n\nWe will be glad and rejoice in you.",
"We will remember your love more than\nwine.",
"Rightly do they love you.",
"\n\nThe Daughters Of\nJerusalem welcome and praise the maiden, expecting that she will be like them\nor even be chosen as another of Solomon's wives.",
"\n\n~\n\nTHE SHULAMITE:\n\n5I am dark, but lovely, O daughters of\nJerusalem, Like the tents of Kedar, Like the curtains\nof Solomon.",
"\n\n6Do not look\nupon me, because I am dark,\nBecause the sun has tanned me. ",
"My mother's sons were angry with me; They made\nme the keeper of the vineyards, But my\nown vineyard I have not kept.",
"\n\nThe original word translated\n\"lovely\" in verse 5 (\"comely,\" KJV) is NAVEH.The definition includes befitting,\nappropriate, or suited to the occasion (BDB, Psalm 33:1).It is not about mere physical beauty.",
"A different word in the Old Testament is\ntranslated \"fair\" or \"beautiful,\" which emphasizes physical\nbeauty (Genesis 12:11; Song 1:8).In the\nSeptuagint, NAVEH is here translated KALOS, which is commonly translated\n\"good\" in our English New Testaments (1 Timothy 3:7).Thayer's definition of KALOS includes not\nonly physical beauty but also \"…commendable, admirable, …excellent in its\nnature and characteristics …genuine, approved, …noble, beautiful by reason of\npurity of heart and life and hence praiseworthy, morally good, noble, honourable….\"",
"\n\nBy describing herself as\nlovely, she is not boasting in regard to her physical beauty; she is defending\nher claim to decency: not promiscuous, but proper and well-mannered (1\nCorinthians 11:13).As she responds to\nthe Daughters, she does not consider\nherself anything to look at but sees herself as what we would call a type of\nCinderella.",
"There is nothing wrong with\ngiving attention to one's own outward appearance, but inner beauty is more\nimportant (Romans 2:28, 29).",
"\n\nProverbs 11:22As a ring\nof gold in a swine's snout So is a beautiful woman who lacks discretion. (",
"NAB)\n\n1 Timothy 2:9, 10;in\nlike manner also, that the women adorn themselves in modest apparel, with\npropriety and moderation, not with braided hair or gold or pearls or costly\nclothing, but, which is proper for women professing godliness, with good works.",
"\n\n1 Peter 3:1-5Wives,\nlikewise, be submissive to your\nown husbands, that even if some do not obey the word, they, without a word, may\nbe won by the conduct of their wives, when they observe your chaste conduct accompanied by fear.",
"Do not let your adornment be merely outward -- arranging the hair,\nwearing gold, or putting on fine apparel\n-- rather let it be the hidden\nperson of the heart, with the incorruptible beauty of a gentle and quiet spirit, which is very precious in\nthe sight of God.",
"For in this manner, in\nformer times, the holy women who trusted in God also adorned themselves, being\nsubmissive to their own husbands.",
"\n\nWe all have different personalities and traits, but if we\nare deliberately quirky or odd only for the sake of being such, we are\neffectively saying, \"Hey, everybody, look at me!\"Some young people today adopt the goth\nsubculture, which features ostentation and the defiance of social norms.",
"There's nothing inherently sinful about\nwearing black lipstick or dying our hair blue, but if we do these for reasons\nother than Halloween or some other culturally respectable occasion, we are not\nmanifesting sobriety, modesty, or discretion, as holiness would demand (Titus\n2:4, 6, 12).Other subcultures do\nsimilar things.",
"Devout women are not\nimpudent and never behave inappropriately.",
"\n\nIn 1 Timothy 2:9, the\nword \"modest\" is translated from KOSMIOS {kos'-mee-os}, meaning \"well\narranged, seemly, modest\" (JHT).The word \"propriety\" is AIDOS {ahee-doce'},\nmeaning \"a sense of shame or honour, modesty,\nbashfulness, reverence, regard for others, respect\" (JHT).The characteristic of immodesty is to dress,\nspeak, and act in such a way as to stand out from social norms, regardless of\nwhat anyone else thinks.",
"Conversely, the\ngodly woman never seeks to draw attention to herself.",
"\n\n1 Corinthians 13:4, 5…love does not parade itself, is not puffed up; does not behave rudely,\ndoes not seek its own,…\n\nBlack sheep were raised\nin the region of Kedar.",
"The tents (curtains) used by the shepherds in\nthat area were made of dark colored fabric.",
"She metaphorically refers to her skin, darkened by sun exposure as a\nresult of spending much time outdoors, laboring in her brothers' vineyards and\nputting their work ahead of her own.",
"\n\nPhilippians 2:1-8Let\nnothing be done through selfish ambition or conceit, but in lowliness of mind\nlet each esteem others better than himself.",
"Let each of you look out not only for his own interests, but also for\nthe interests of others.",
"Let this mind\nbe in you which was also in Christ Jesus, who, being in the form of God, did\nnot consider it robbery to be equal with God, but made Himself of no\nreputation, taking the form of a bondservant, and coming in the likeness of\nmen.",
"And being found in appearance as a\nman, He humbled Himself and became obedient to the point of death, even the\ndeath of the cross.",
"Therefore God also\nhas highly exalted Him and given Him the name which is above every name,\n\nThough we may relate\nsun-darkened skin with beauty in our culture, oriental cultures would not.",
"Her words are self-depreciating.",
"\n\n~\n\nTO HER BELOVED:\n\n7Tell me, O you\nwhom I love, Where you feed your\nflock, Where you make it rest\nat noon. ",
"For why should I be as one who veils herself By the flocks of your companions?",
"\n\nShe turns her thoughts\noutside, toward her lover.",
"Tormented by\nher separation from him, she asks him by apostrophe (addressing him though\nabsent) why she must be, as it were, hidden by a veil (\"turned aside\"\nKJV) from him.",
"Husbands and wives in\nhealthy marriages want to be with one another.",
"People can sometimes be heard saying that they occasionally need some\ntime away from their spouses, else they get on each other's nerves.",
"This is farthest thing from a remedy to the problem.",
"The answer is to stop getting on each other's\nnerves!For example, take interest in\nwhat the other takes interest in.",
"Similarly, try not to force upon the other a thing for which he or she\nhas no interest.",
"Learn what annoys the\nother, and stop doing it; learn what pleases the other, and start doing it\n(Matthew 7:12).",
"\n\n1 Corinthians 7:32-34But\nI want you to be free from concern.",
"One\nwho is unmarried is concerned about the things of the Lord, how he may please\nthe Lord; but one who is married is concerned about the things of the world,\nhow he may please his wife, and his interests are divided.",
"The woman who is unmarried, and the virgin,\nis concerned about the things of the Lord, that she may be holy both in body\nand spirit; but one who is married is concerned about the things of the world,\nhow she may please her husband.",
"\n\nMake time for each other\nand seek out special ways to share life.",
"As this study continues, we will see that the couple never expresses the\nidea that they need some separation, and they always speak kindly to each\nother.",
"We will cover this more when\nlater discussing friendship and communication in relationships.",
"This desire to be together (Song 1:4) will\nnaturally result in husbands and wives cleaving to one another, as God intends\n(Mark 10:6-9).More discussion on this\nwill follow in chapter three.",
"\n\nIn an allegory for the\nchurch, the bride of Christ, and for Christians individually, we ought to want\nto be near Jesus.",
"The apostle Paul would\neven have welcomed death, knowing it would bring Him to the presence of the\nLord (Philippians 1:21-24).",
"\n\n2 Corinthians 5:1-9For\nwe know that if our earthly house, this tent, is destroyed, we have a building\nfrom God, a house not made with hands, eternal in the heavens.",
"For in this we groan, earnestly desiring to\nbe clothed with our habitation which is from heaven, if indeed, having been\nclothed, we shall not be found naked.",
"For we who are in this tent groan, being burdened, not because we want\nto be unclothed, but further clothed, that mortality may be swallowed up by\nlife.",
"Now He who has prepared us for\nthis very thing is God, who also has given us the Spirit as a guarantee.",
"So we are always confident, knowing that\nwhile we are at home in the body we are absent from the Lord.",
"For we walk by faith, not by sight.",
"We are confident, yes, well pleased rather to\nbe absent from the body and to be present with the Lord.",
"Therefore we make it our aim, whether present\nor absent, to be well pleasing to Him.",
"\n\nYet even in this life,\nwe cleave unto the Lord, as spouses should, by seeking the things which please\nHim and doing them (Acts 11:23).Since\nHe has done so much for us, why would we ever want to turn away from Christ?How shameful it is when Christ must turn his\nface away because of our sin (Deuteronomy 31:17, 18; Micah 3:4).",
"\n\n~\n\nSOLOMON:\n\n8If you do not\nknow, O fairest among women, Follow in the footsteps of the flock, And feed\nyour little goats Beside the shepherds' tents.",
"\n\n9I have compared\nyou, my love, To my filly among Pharaoh's chariots.",
"\n\n10Your cheeks\nare lovely with ornaments, Your neck with chains of gold.",
"\n\nIn his chambers, Solomon\nflatters her, offering material gifts to win her affection.",
"The symbolism of the military and riches are\ntypical of Solomon's speech.",
"In our\nculture, we would not try to compliment a woman by comparing her to a\nhorse.",
"However, a strong horse is a\ngraceful and majestic creature and a symbol of power (Judges 5:22; 1 Kings 1:5;\n1 Kings 4:26).Notwithstanding, wild\nhorses are broken so that their power is controlled by a man for his uses.",
"Solomon's comparison here may reveal a desire\nto control and subdue her, like his Egyptian horses.",
"We will hear more such assuming language in\nlater dialogs.",
"\n\nNot only wives, but\nhusbands also need to learn that submission builds a strong marriage (Ephesians\n5:21).When either spouse takes a high\nhand to control the other, the relationship is strained.",
"Consider to what degree Christ was willing to\nsubmit for the sake of the church, his bride, and imitate that selflessness\n(Ephesians 5:25; Philippians 2:5-8).As\nmuch influence that a husband, as head of the household, is to have over his\nwife by divine law, nothing in scripture suggests his role is to dominate her.",
"\n\n1 Peter 3:7, 8Husbands,\nlikewise, dwell with them with understanding, giving honor to the wife, as to\nthe weaker vessel, and as being heirs together of the grace of life, that your\nprayers may not be hindered.",
"Finally,\nall of you be of one mind, having compassion for one another; love as brothers,\nbe tenderhearted, be courteous, not returning evil for evil or reviling for\nreviling, but on the contrary blessing, knowing that you were called to this,\nthat you may inherit a blessing.",
"\n\nA popular song of 1981, \"One Hundred Ways,\"\nexpresses the importance of this kind of devoted, humble, sacrificial, and\nself-less love:\n\nCompliment what she does; Send her roses just because;\nIf it's violins, she loves, Let them play;\n\nDedicate her favorite song; And hold her closer All night long;\nLove her today; Find one hundred ways….",
"\n\nMaybe she has it in her mind That she's just wasting her time\nAsk her to stay; Find one hundred ways.",
"\n\nBeing cool won't help you keep a love warm; You'll just blow\nyour only chance;\nTake the time to open up your heart; That's the secret of romance.",
"\n\nSacrifice, if you care; Buy her some moonlight to wear;\nIf there's one more star she wants; Go all the way.",
"\n\nIn your arms tonight, she'll reflect That she owes you, the\nsweetest of debts;…\nLove her today; Find one hundred ways.",
"\n\nGold and especially\nsilver were common in Israel in the days of Solomon (1 Kings 10:21-27).The Daughters of Jerusalem want to fix up the\nShulamite as they are.",
"They have become\ncomfortable with the lavish lifestyle and wish to share that with Solomon's\nnewest pursuit.",
"\n\nTHE SHULAMITE:\n\n12While the king\nis at his table, My spikenard sends\nforth its fragrance.",
"\n\n13A bundle of\nmyrrh is my beloved to me, That\nlies all night between my breasts.",
"\n\n14My beloved is to me a cluster of henna blooms In the vineyards of EnGedi.",
"\n\nSpikenard is an aromatic\noil derived from the crushed and distilled roots of a Himalayan flowering\nplant.",
"Having an earthy, musty scent, it\nis used therapeutically and as perfume.",
"It is the expensive ointment with which Mary anointed the feet of Jesus,\nwiping with her hair (John 12:3).Myrrh\nis derived from a waxy gum sap commonly harvested from a variety of African\nthorn trees.",
"It coagulates and hardens\ninto a glossy resin.",
"Pungent and bitter,\nit is used as incense and for medicinal purposes (Mark 15:23).",
"\n\nThough she is with Solomon,\nthe Shulamite's perfume is not intended to attract his interest.",
"The perfume she wears is for the beloved\nshepherd who is not present, and it comes to represent him as a type.",
"Though she is apart from her love, he remains\nas close to her as the perfume she wears.",
"Her perfume reminds her of him, however, there is a possible\npitfall.",
"Be careful, women.",
"Excessive beautification will cause you to\nattract someone you might not actually want to attract.",
"If your appearance is sexually provocative,\ndo not be surprised when men react.",
"If\nthey lust, you will be partly to blame.",
"Married women working in professional office environments need to be\nespecially cautious to exercise moderation.",
"A godly woman will make an effort to avoid such over-attractiveness,\nsaving the glamour for her husband at home.",
"\n\nSensual love is not\nnecessarily lascivious but simply a love motivated by the senses.",
"The senses are often referred to in the Song:\nthe way he looks to her (5:10), the smell of her perfume (1:13), the taste of\nthe lips (1:2), the sound of his voice (2:8), the feel of his embrace\n(2:6).These things have a strong but\ntemporary effect.",
"Though romance often\nstarts here, a relationship based on senses alone is shallow and cannot endure\nafter the sensual beauty is gone.",
"Love\nat first sight is mere infatuation; it is not based on a full knowledge of\nsomeone.",
"Love needs to grow beyond that\nwhich is apparent.",
"Proverbs 31:10-31\nlists the lasting and often hidden qualities a man should look for in a woman\n(1 Peter 3:1-5).",
"\n\nProverbs 31:25-30Strength and honor are her clothing; She shall rejoice in time to\ncome.",
"She opens her mouth with wisdom,\nAnd on her tongue is the law of kindness.",
"She watches over the ways of her household, And does not eat the bread\nof idleness.",
"Her children rise up and\ncall her blessed; Her husband also, and he praises her:\"Many daughters have done well, But you\nexcel them all.",
"\"Charm is deceitful\nand beauty is passing, But a woman who fears the LORD, she shall be praised.",
"\n\nJohn 7:24Do not judge\naccording to appearance, but judge with righteous judgment.",
"\n\n2 Corinthians 4:18 while we do not look at the things which are\nseen, but at the things which are not seen. ",
"For the things which are seen are\ntemporary, but the things which are not seen are eternal.",
"\n\n\"A bundle of myrrh is\nmy beloved.",
"\"She does not say that the myrrh represents him but\nthat it is him, by metonymy.",
"We use many\nsuch types for remembrances.",
"For\nexample, the fruit of the vine and unleavened bread of the Lord's Supper are\nsimilarly the blood and body of the Lord, not literally, but figuratively\n(Matthew 26:26-28).",
"\n\nSOLOMON:\n\n15Behold, you are fair, my love!Behold, you are fair!You have dove's eyes.",
"\n\nThe words\n\"fair\" and \"handsome\" are from the same original Hebrew\nterm mentioned earlier with emphasis on physical beauty: YAPHEH {yaw-feh'}.Older\ntranslations (KJV, ESV, ASV) render the word \"fair\" or\n\"beautiful\" alike in both verses 15 and 16.Since the English word \"handsome\"\nis usually used in a masculine reference and \"fair\" a feminine, some\nlater translations (NAB, NKJ, NET) suggest a gender distinction between the\nspeakers in these two verses, which the original text does not necessarily\nsupport.",
"Consistent with our starting\napproach, Solomon is implicated as the speaker in all three verses above, since\nwe would not expect the Shulamite to revel at Solomon's appearance.",
"Moreover, there is no need for the speakers\nto switch back and forth between verses 15 and 17.",
"\n\nThe \"bed\" does\nnot necessarily indicate a place of sexuality but perhaps a couch (NAB), a\nplace of relaxation.",
"\"Green\"\ndoes not indicate color but means flourishing, fresh, and lush: luxuriant\n(NAB).Solomon is further assumed as the\nspeaker due to the references to luxuries and cedar houses.",
"The king uses the finest cedar of Lebanon to\nbuild the temple of the Lord (1 Kings 6), and he likewise uses it for his own\npalace and many other houses as well (1 Kings 7:1-12).He now tries to use the luxuries of his\npalace to win the heart of the Shulamite.",
"Relationships built upon wealth die when the prosperity is gone (Matthew\n6:19-21; Luke 12:15-21; 1 Timothy 6:17).Likewise, those built upon beauty die when the attractiveness is gone.",
"\n\nQuestions And Thoughts For Discussion And Review, Chapter One\n\n1.1\nCorinthians 13:13 says, \"And now abide faith, hope, love, these three; but\nthe greatest of these is love.",
"\"Why\nis love a virtue greater then faith and hope?",
"\n\n2.When\nJesus said, \"Whatever you want men to do to you, do also to them,\"\nwas He talking about husbands and wives?",
"\n\n3.Is\nit possible to have a bad reputation among men while doing what is right?If so, list some ways this can happen.",
"\n\n4.Is\nit possible to have a good reputation among men while doing what is wrong?If so, list some ways this can happen.",
"\n\n5.In\nwhat ways can a bad reputation be hurtful?In what ways can a good reputation be beneficial?",
"\n\n6.What\nmight easily happen to the one who thinks he is standing firm in the midst of\nsinful influences?",
"\n\n7.Husbands\nand wives are to leave their parents and cleave to one another.",
"Explain the significance of these things in\nlight of the analogy of Christ and His bride, the church.",
"\n\n8.In\nthe relationship of Christ and His church of which he is head, who sacrifices\nmore, Christ or His disciples (Hebrews 12:2-4)?What application can be made to wives and husbands?",
"\n\n9.Philippians\n2:4 states that we should not look merely to our own personal interests but\nalso to those of others.",
"Does this\nprecept have any applicability to a marriage relationship?",
"\n\n10.As\nattraction between a man and woman based only on physical beauty is vain,\ncompare this to what is supposed to attract us to Christ.",
"What Old Testament Messianic prophecy\nmentions Christ's physical appearance?List some things that make Christ attractive to us, and explain how they\ncan be applied to a marriage.",
"\n\nThe Shulamite is different than the Daughters.",
"She is a simple girl with simple dreams and\naspirations: genuine and sincere.",
"Sharon\nis a beautiful coastal plain south of Mount Carmel where many shepherds keep\ntheir flocks (Isaiah 65:10).The rose of Sharon is most likely not the\nflower of a woody, thorny vine or shrub, as we think of a rose, but a bulbous\nflower, as a tulip.",
"Not a hot-house\nhybrid specimen, it grows wild in abundance on Sharon's plain.",
"The Daughters are like thorns to her: a\nprickly problem in a delicate situation.",
"\n\nWe observed earlier that a Christian woman ought not make\nherself different for the sake of being different, drawing undue attention to\nherself.",
"However, when we are different\nfor the right reasons, not conforming to the sinful world (Romans 12:2), we\nwill stand out and often look odd to others or even be hated by others.",
"We may be tempted to compromise our\nprinciples in order to try to blend in with the world, but we need to stand\nfirm (1 Corinthians 15:58).",
"\n\n1 Peter 4:1-4Therefore,\nsince Christ suffered for us in the flesh, arm yourselves also with the same\nmind, for he who has suffered in the flesh has ceased from sin, that he no\nlonger should live the rest of his time in the flesh for the lusts of men, but\nfor the will of God.",
"For we have spent\nenough of our past lifetime in doing the will of the Gentiles -- when we walked\nin lewdness, lusts, drunkenness, revelries, drinking parties, and abominable\nidolatries.",
"In regard to these, they\nthink it strange that you do not run with them in the same flood of\ndissipation, speaking evil of you.",
"\n\nMatthew 5:10-16; John 15:18-21; 1 John 2:14-17\n\nThe Beloved is also different from others in this good way,\nas noted in the verse to follow.",
"\n\n~\n\nTHE SHULAMITE TO THE DAUGHTERS OF JERUSALEM:\n\n3Like an apple tree\namong the trees of the woods, So is my\nbeloved among the sons.",
"I sat down in\nhis shade with great delight, And his fruit was sweet to my taste.",
"\n\n4He brought me\nto the banqueting house, And his banner over me was love.",
"\n\n5Sustain me with\ncakes of raisins, Refresh me with apples, For I am lovesick.",
"\n\nThe dialog reminds us of\nthe love feasts metaphorically mentioned in Jude 1:12.The Shulamite similarly uses simile here: the\nbeloved is like an outstanding tree, the shade of which to her is as a banquet\nhouse.",
"As he is not literally a tree,\nshe is also not speaking of literal apples.",
"The sweet fruit is his kindness, and she is sustained by this.",
"This kindness is not in words only but also\nin deeds.",
"\n\nGalatians 5:22-26But the\nfruit of the Spirit is love, joy, peace, longsuffering, kindness, goodness,\nfaithfulness, gentleness, self-control.",
"Against such there is no law.",
"And\nthose who are Christ's have crucified the flesh with its passions and\ndesires.",
"If we live in the Spirit, let\nus also walk in the Spirit.",
"Let us not\nbecome conceited, provoking one another, envying one another.",
"\n\n1 John 3:18My little\nchildren, let us not love in word or in tongue, but in deed\nand in truth.",
"\n\nNothing fancy is\nnecessary for her to be pleased by the shepherd.",
"Just eating, as it were, apples and cakes\ntogether in the field is sufficient; joy is found in simple pleasures.",
"A palace of gold does not interest her; she\nwants a palace of love. (",
"Proverbs 15:16; 1 Timothy 6:6-8).",
"\n\n7I charge you, O\ndaughters of Jerusalem, By the gazelles or by the does\nof the field, Do not stir up nor awaken love Until it pleases.",
"\n\nShe waits for the proper\ntime in marriage.",
"Do not rush ahead but\nbe patient. ",
"We will develop more discussion\non this when we reach chapter four.",
"\n\n~\n\n8The voice of my\nbeloved! ",
"Behold, he comes Leaping upon the mountains, Skipping upon the hills.",
"\n\n9My beloved is\nlike a gazelle or a young stag.",
"Behold,\nhe stands behind our wall; He is looking through the windows, Gazing through\nthe lattice.",
"\n\nHer imagery is of a graceful dear with dignity majestically\nleaping over obstacles in the fields.",
"Let nothing come between you and your spouse.",
"As a deer in the field can easily leap a\nfence or a hedge, so do not allow obstacles to block your relationship.",
"Palace walls separate her now from her love,\nthrough which she can see and hear him with some distance.",
"\n\nTHE SHULAMITE QUOTING THE BELOVED:\n\n\"Rise up, my love, my fair one, And come away.",
"\n\n11For lo, the\nwinter is past, The rain is over and gone.",
"\n\n12The flowers\nappear on the earth; The time of singing has come, And the voice of the\nturtledove Is heard in our land.",
"\n\n14O my dove, in\nthe clefts of the rock, In the secret places\nof the cliff, Let me see your face, Let me hear your voice; For your\nvoice is sweet, And your face is lovely.",
"\n\n15Catch us the\nfoxes, The little foxes that spoil the vines, For our vines have tender grapes.\"",
"\n\nThe shepherd calls her out of Solomon's courts. ",
"The little foxes are the little problems of\nlife that can add up to be a big problem if they are not taken care of (1\nCorinthians 5:6, 7).In Moses' law, a\nnewly-wed man was to be free of the duties of work and war for one year so he\ncould spend time with his wife (Deuteronomy 24:5).Commerce and national security took\nsecond-place in importance to making the marriage strong.",
"\n\nIn a spiritual analogy, we need to remove the things from\nour life that hinder our devotion to God (Hebrews 12:1).Jesus uses strong hyperbole to explain the\nimportance of removing the stumbling blocks:\n\nMatthew 18:6-9But\nwhoever causes one of these little ones who believe in Me to stumble, it would\nbe better for him to have a heavy millstone hung around his neck, and to be\ndrowned in the depth of the sea.",
"Woe to\nthe world because of its stumbling blocks! ",
"For it is inevitable that stumbling\nblocks come; but woe to that man through whom the stumbling block comes!If your hand or your foot causes you to\nstumble, cut it off and throw it from you; it is better for you to enter life\ncrippled or lame, than to have two hands or two feet and be cast into the\neternal fire.",
"If your eye causes you to\nstumble, pluck it out and throw it from you. ",
"It is better for you to enter life\nwith one eye, than to have two eyes and be cast into the fiery hell. (",
"NAB)\n\nLove is depicted as a tender, delicate fruit that can easily\nbe damaged by little acts of carelessness.",
"If a single rose is removed from a bouquet and passed around for everyone\nto touch it and smell it, some of it's beauty is\nlost, because it is fragile.",
"It\nfurthermore becomes less desirable; it is no longer fresh and new but has been\n\"used.",
"\"Young people need to\nkeep themselves pure, not \"passed around\" to many others before\nmarriage.",
"The Shulamite's marriage will\nhave a fresh start, which would otherwise be compromised.",
"Godly engaged couples ought never persuade\none another to behave in such a way to damage the other's innocence or\nconscience.",
"When one has a self-gratifying\nattitude, then both will suffer shame.",
"Deeper discussion on sexual propriety will be developed in chapter four.",
"\n\nColossians 3:12-14Therefore, as the elect of God, holy and beloved, put on tender mercies,\nkindness, humility, meekness, longsuffering; bearing with one another, and\nforgiving one another, if anyone has a complaint against another; even as\nChrist forgave you, so you also must do.",
"But above all these things put on love, which is the bond of perfection.",
"\n\nJames 3:13-18Who is wise\nand understanding among you? ",
"Let him show by good conduct that his works are\ndone in the meekness of wisdom.",
"But if\nyou have bitter envy and self-seeking in your hearts, do not boast and lie\nagainst the truth.",
"This wisdom does not\ndescend from above, but is earthly, sensual, demonic.",
"For where envy and self-seeking exist,\nconfusion and every evil thing are there.",
"But the wisdom that is from above is first pure, then peaceable, gentle,\nwilling to yield, full of mercy and good fruits, without partiality and without\nhypocrisy.",
"Now the fruit of\nrighteousness is sown in peace by those who make peace.",
"\n\nPaul's discourse on love indicates many characteristics from\na negative perspective, that is, things that love is not.",
"Failure in this arena will spoil the fruit of\nthe Spirit in a marriage.",
"\n\n1 Corinthians 13:4-8Love\nsuffers long and is kind; love does not envy; love does not parade itself, is\nnot puffed up; does not behave rudely, does not seek its own, is not provoked,\nthinks no evil; does not rejoice in iniquity, but rejoices in the truth; bears\nall things, believes all things, hopes all things, endures all things. ",
"Love\nnever fails.",
"\n\nA turtledove (rendered \"turtle\" in KJV) is a\ncommon bird similar to our North American mourning dove.",
"The call of the turtledove, unlike the\nmournful coo of the other species, is a purring sound, or a \"turr, turr,\" from whence its\nname is derived.",
"The species forms a\nstrong pair-bond with its mate.",
"It is a\nmigratory bird, whose arrival in Palestine marks the coming of early spring.",
"\n\nTHE SHULAMITE TO THE DAUGHTERS OF JERUSALEM:\n\n16My beloved is mine, and I am his. ",
"He feeds his flock among the lilies.",
"\n\nTHE SHULAMITE TO HER BELOVED:\n\n17Until the day\nbreaks And the shadows flee away, Turn, my beloved, And be like a gazelle Or a\nyoung stag Upon the mountains of Bether.",
"\n\nShe does not say,\n\"My beloved belongs to many women;\" she is not speaking of\nSolomon.",
"These lyrics will be repeated\nin Song 6:3.God's intention from the\nbeginning is one man for one woman.",
"However, at this time, Solomon has sixty wives (Song 6:8).She plans her get-away for the morning.",
"\n\nQuestions And Thoughts For Discussion And Review, Chapter Two\n\n1.When\nwe follow Christ rather than the world, we will stand out and look\ndifferent.",
"Are we to follow Christ so\nthat we may stand out and look different?",
"\n\n2.List\nseveral ways that Jesus stood out from the world.",
"Explain how these can apply to us, His\nfollowers.",
"\n\n3.Mark\nTwain said, \"Few things are harder to put up with than the annoyance of a\ngood example.",
"\"Why do some people\nhate others who try to do what is right?",
"\n\n4.Explain\nhow the fruits of the Spirit listed in Galatians 5:22-26 particularly apply to\na marriage relationship.",
"\n\n5.List\nsome otherwise wholesome things in everyday life that can become a hindrance in\na marriage relationship if they are not properly managed and prioritized.",
"\n\n6.Consider\nthe attributes of love listed in 1 Corinthians 13:4-8 and list some specific\nexamples of how unloving behavior can erode a marriage.",
"\n\n7.What\ndoes James say is the end result of envy and self-seeking?",
"\n\n8.List\nthe things that James states are the characteristics of the wisdom from above.",
"\n\n9.Explain\nhow each of these attributes have special application in a marriage.",
"\n\n10.What\nare the implications of the statement, \"My beloved is mine, and I am his?\"",
"\n\nShe does not have to\ntell the night watchmen his name; everyone knows who is the one she loves.",
"She makes that clear (Song 2:16).It is not a fact she ever hides from\nothers.",
"Never be ashamed of your spouse\nor hesitate to let others know to whom you belong.",
"When we are away from our spouse and out with\nour friends or co-workers, we should remember to speak highly of our mate to\nothers when the occasion presents the opportunity.",
"It teaches others by example what God intends\na marriage to be.",
"If you are at a\ngathering and an acquaintance or coworker of the opposite gender shows you some\ninterest, mention your spouse as appropriately fits the conversation.",
"However, if you remove your wedding band when\nyou go out and behave as if you are available in order to enjoy some attention\nor flirting, your flirt is actually with disaster.",
"\n\nProverbs 6:23-29For the commandment\nis a lamp, And the law a light; Reproofs of instruction are the way of life, To\nkeep you from the evil woman, From the flattering tongue of a seductress.",
"Do not lust after her beauty in your heart,\nNor let her allure you with her eyelids.",
"For by means of a harlot A man is reduced to a crust of bread; And an\nadulteress will prey upon his precious life.",
"Can a man take fire to his bosom, And his clothes not be burned?Can one walk on hot coals, And his feet not\nbe seared?So is he who goes in to his\nneighbor's wife; Whoever touches her shall not be innocent.",
"\n\nIn a spiritual analogy,\nwe should never hesitate to let others know we belong to Christ nor be ashamed\nto admit it (Luke 9:26; John 12:42; Romans 1:16; 2 Timothy 1:8).When the occasion arises to conveniently\nmention Christ or his church to others, we should speak up for Him.",
"It can open doors of teaching\nopportunities.",
"For example, consider if\nwe make excuses for not socially drinking because we are driving, instead of\nstating that it is because it opposes the teaching of the Lord.",
"Likewise, consider if we decline an\ninvitation to participate in an event, stating that we have a \"prior\ncommitment,\" instead of openly stating that it conflicts with our worship\nattendance.",
"If we do these things, we\nfail to let our light shine, and we are flirting with evil.",
"\n\nMatthew 5:13-16You are\nthe salt of the earth; but if the salt loses its flavor, how shall it be\nseasoned?It is then good for nothing\nbut to be thrown out and trampled underfoot by men.",
"You are the light of the world.",
"A city that is set on a hill cannot be\nhidden.",
"Nor do they light a lamp and put\nit under a basket, but on a lampstand, and it gives light to all who are in the\nhouse.",
"Let your light so shine before\nmen, that they may see your good works and glorify your Father in heaven.",
"\n\nThe actions of the\nShulamite demonstrate that a solid relationship is going to require some\neffort.",
"We are going to have to get up\nand take action.",
"We are going to have to\npursue closeness; it is not going to happen automatically.",
"We might even need to seek the counsel of\nothers when trouble arises.",
"Fundamentally, God ordained marriage so that man would not be alone and\nfor procreation (Genesis 1:28; 2:18), not so that a man would be loved or be\nhappy.",
"Love and happiness are not\nautomatic in marriage - they have to be worked for (Titus 2:4).This is\nuniversally true: both in a marriage and in our relationship with God.",
"We have to seek Him.",
"\n\nActs 17:26, 27And He has\nmade from one blood every nation of men to dwell on all the face of the earth,\nand has determined their preappointed times and the\nboundaries of their dwellings, so that they should seek the Lord, in the hope\nthat they might grope for Him and find Him, though He is not far from each one of\nus.",
"\n\nWe will examine this\nfurther in chapter four when we consider trust as a virtue.",
"\n\n~\n\n4Scarcely had I\npassed by them, When I found the one I love.",
"I held him and would not let him go, Until I had brought him to the\nhouse of my mother, And into the chamber of her who conceived me.",
"\n\nWe discussed in chapter\none the desire to be together.",
"When God\ninstituted marriage on the day He created man, He ordained that husbands and wives\nare to leave their parents and be joined (cleave, KJV) to one another (Genesis\n2:24; Matthew 19:3-12).",
"\n\nMark 10:6-8But from the\nbeginning of the creation, God \"made them male and female.",
"For this reason a man shall leave his father\nand mother and be joined to his wife, and the two shall become one flesh;\"\nso then they are no longer two, but one flesh.",
"\n\nThe original word\ntranslated \"join\" in Mark 10:7 is PROSKOLLAO {pros-kol-lah'-o}, meaning \"1) to\nglue upon, glue to 2) to join one's self to closely, cleave to, stick to\"\n(JHT).You are a new family when you\nbecome married; the two of you are now one.",
"It is not good for young married couples to live with their parents.",
"They need to start a new life on their own,\nleaving their mother and father.",
"They\ncannot cleave until they leave.",
"\n\nSo close is this joining\nthat Jesus declares they are no longer two but one.",
"When two pieces of wood are glued together,\nthere is actually a barrier layer between them.",
"The connection is created by virtue of this thin bonding film lying\nbetween and adhering to both wood pieces.",
"If you cut through the joint, you can see the three distinct\nelements.",
"However, this is not what\nJesus describes; He says they are one.",
"Therefore, joining in marriage is more like welding, where metals are\nmelted and infused.",
"One piece is not\npart of the other but is the other.",
"\n\n\"Flesh\" is\ntranslated from SARX {sarx}, and Friberg's\ndefinition includes \"as relating to the earthly sphere of existence,…\nearthly life….\"Flesh is the medium\nthrough which spiritual man experiences life on the physical earth (Hebrews\n2:14; 5:7).Therefore, \"one\nflesh\" implies that everything in life is to be shared: plans, goals,\npossessions, responsibilities, duties.",
"\n\nRuth 1:14-17Then they\nlifted up their voices and wept again; and Orpah\nkissed her mother-in-law, but Ruth clung to her.",
"And she said, \"Look, your sister-in-law\nhas gone back to her people and to her gods; return after your\nsister-in-law.",
"\"But Ruth said:\n\"Entreat me not to leave you, Or to turn back from following after you;\nFor wherever you go, I will go; And wherever you lodge, I will lodge; Your\npeople shall be my people, And your God, my God.",
"Where you die, I will die, And there will I\nbe buried. ",
"The LORD do so to me, and more also, If anything but death parts you\nand me.\"",
"\n\nThose couples who live\ntogether, sharing only certain aspects of married life without marriage, are\nmissing the true oneness God intended.",
"A\nfalse and unlawful oneness is shared.",
"\n\nSince everything in life\nis to be shared in the \"one flesh\" relationship, then compatibility\nis of utmost importance.",
"In violation of\nGod's will Solomon chose idolatrous wives, which were incompatible for him.",
"\n\nProverbs 12:26The\nrighteous should choose his friends carefully, For the way of the wicked leads\nthem astray.",
"\n\nIt should be noted that\ndissimilar metals, such as bronze and steel, cannot be welded together.",
"Couples contemplating marriage should\nconsider their similarities.",
"Do you\nenjoy doing things together?Are your\nmoral principles in agreement?Do you\nhave similar ideas on raising children?If not, it will be a more difficult marriage.",
"These are questions that need to be answered before the marriage\nvows.",
"However, incompatibility is no\nlawful cause for divorce.",
"The welding\nillustration is just an illustration that breaks down at some point.",
"If you marry someone dissimilar to you, you\nare still married and bound for life, as is our next discussion point.",
"\n\nAfter the Shulamite speaks of holding on to her Beloved, she\ndeclares that she will not let him go.",
"In her mind, their relationship is permanent, as God has ordained\nmarriage to be from the beginning.",
"Accordingly, after Jesus speaks of the one flesh joining, He continues\non to stress this very point as well.",
"\n\nMark 10:9Therefore what\nGod has joined together, let not man separate.",
"\n\nRomans 7:2For the woman\nwho has a husband is bound by the law to her husband as long as he lives. ",
"But\nif the husband dies, she is released from the law of her husband.(1 Corinthians 7:39)\n\nThe original word in Mark 10:9 translated \"join\"\nis SUZEUGNUMI {sood-zyoog'-noo-mee} meaning \"1) to fasten to one yoke, yoke\ntogether…\" (JHT).The original word\ntranslated \"bound\" in Romans 7:2 is DEO {deh'-o}\nmeaning \"1) to bind tie, fasten 1a) to bind, fasten with chains, to throw\ninto chains…[to] put under obligation,\nof the law, duty…\" (JHT).As bound\nprisoners and yoked oxen cannot free themselves, so then the marriage bond, by\ndivine appointment, is a covenant bond from which a man cannot free himself.",
"If a man can free himself, then he is not\nactually bound in any practical sense.",
"\n\nEven couples who are only engaged to be married need to\nstart thinking and acting like their relationship is permanent and\nexclusive.",
"It will be in earnest when\nthe vows are exchanged, so it is good to start getting accustomed to it.",
"This is not the time for a man to be courting\nother women.",
"If this feels too\nrestrictive, then he is not ready to be contemplating marriage.",
"Common practice of the world is to give the\ngroom-to-be a bachelor party to celebrate his last day of freedom without a\nwife.(The world views marriage as\nimprisoning; a Christian views it as liberating).These parties usually include heavy drinking\nand lewd women: things which a sober-minded Christian about to marry will\ndisdain.",
"Marriage is a thing that\ncouples need to approach not frivolously but with seriousness, and the\nactivities of a modest wedding ceremony should reflect this as well.",
"\n\n1 Thessalonians 5:5-8You\nare all sons of light and sons of the day.",
"We are not of the night nor of darkness. ",
"6 Therefore let us\nnot sleep, as others do, but let us watch and be sober. ",
"7 For those\nwho sleep, sleep at night, and those who get drunk are drunk at night. ",
"8\nBut let us who are of the day be sober, putting on the breastplate of faith and\nlove, and as a helmet the hope of salvation.",
"\n\nTitus 2:6, 7Likewise\nexhort the young men to be sober-minded, 7 in all things showing\nyourself to be a pattern of good works; in doctrine showing integrity,\nreverence, incorruptibility.",
"\n\nThe first year of most marriages is usually a particular\nchallenge, as each party learns to understand the other.",
"There will inevitably be rough spots, but it\nis completely counterproductive for newlyweds to ever suggest to one another\nthat they perhaps should not have gotten married.",
"What's done is done, and they need to look\nahead, accept their state, and do their best with resolute acceptance that the\nmarriage bond is irrevocable (Philippians 3:13-15).Fundamentally, when couples devote themselves\nto serving the Lord first, it is impossible for their marriage to fail.",
"Conversely, in any marriage that ends in\ndivorce, sin is somehow the root cause.",
"\n\nPsalm 127:1A Song of\nAscents. ",
"Of Solomon. ",
"Unless the LORD builds the house, They labor in vain who\nbuild it; Unless the LORD guards the city, The watchman stays awake in vain.",
"\n\nUnlawful divorce is an\nabomination to God (Malachi 2:14-16).God's law today permits putting away a spouse for two reasons only:\nbecause of an unlawful marriage (Mark 6:17, 18; 10:29) and for the cause of\nfornication (Matthew 5:32; 19:9).Remarriage is lawful for the second reason only.",
"Nevertheless, man has perverted God's law in\nattempts to circumvent the permanence of the lawful marriage bond and allow\nputting away for other reasons.",
"A\ncomplete investigation of these false doctrines is beyond the scope of this\nstudy, but a brief overview is nevertheless presented here.",
"\n\n·Heresy:Since baptism washes away all sin,\nwhen a non-Christian in an adulterous marriage or having unlawfully divorced\nobeys the gospel, the blood of Christ also washes away those sins, making his\nmarriage or divorce lawful.",
"This is\nbased on the false notion that baptism does more than remit sins but can also\ndissolve a marriage bond.",
"It further assumes\nthat God has one law for Christians and another for non-Christians.",
"However, repentance is also necessary for the\nremission of sins (Acts 3:19).Repenting\ndemands ceasing from sin (Acts 26:20), which would include putting away\nanything unlawful.",
"\n\n·Heresy:Unhappy spouses can agree to separate\nfor any reason, as long as they do not legally divorce.",
"Then if one commits adultery, the other has\nthe right to legally divorce and remarry.",
"This is based on the false notion that Jesus condemns only legal divorce\nwithout cause, not mere separation.",
"However, the word \"divorce\" in Matthew 19:9 (NKJ) means\ngenerically to send away.",
"Therefore, by\nonly separating, they already disobey God (Matthew 19:6), and this is also\nprecisely the cause of the fornication (Matthew 5:32; 1 Corinthians 7:5).According to God's law, the fornication must\ncome first, then the putting away because of it.",
"According to the heresy, the separation comes\nfirst, then the fornication because of it.",
"The atrocity of this heresy is that it intentionally creates a situation\nof temptation where the couple sees who can hold out from fornication the\nlongest, followed by a race to the courthouse.",
"\n\n·Heresy:If a non-fornicating husband puts away\nand legally divorces his wife for reasons other than her fornication but then\nlater commits fornication himself, the wife, though already legally divorced,\ncan repudiate their bond, divorcing him, as it were, in her heart and lawfully\nremarry.",
"This, like the one previous, is\nbased on the false notion of a distinction in Matthew 19 between a generic\nseparation and a civil divorce.",
"However,\nthere is no such distinction in this context; putting away with or without legal\ndivorce is still putting away, and Jesus condemns it.",
"Furthermore, Jesus specifically allows\nremarriage only if the cause, reason, or grounds for the separation in the\nfirst place is fornication (Matthew 5:32).",
"\n\n·Heresy:If a Christian wife has a husband who abuses\nher and does not want her anymore, she can lawfully divorce him for the sake of\nthe kingdom, as long as she does not remarry.",
"This is based on the false notion that, since Paul says you cannot\ndivorce an unbeliever if he will stay (1 Corinthians 7:12-15), it necessarily\nimplies that if he will not stay, then you can divorce him.",
"However, the conclusion is not forced.",
"Besides, Paul makes clear the inverse\nconclusion: \"if [he] departs, let him depart\" (vs. 15).Again, the word \"divorce\" here is\ngeneric, meaning \"send away.",
"\"It is intrinsically impossible to send away someone who departs.",
"This heresy also mistakenly assumes that God\nhas one law for Christians and a different law for non-Christians.",
"Moreover, in at least five verses in the\ncontext, Paul instructs them not to put away (vs. 10, 11, 12, 13, 27, 39;\nMatthew 19:6).",
"\n\n·Heresy:If an innocent husband learns that his wife\nis a fornicator, he can choose to reconcile with her but then at some later\ndate change his mind and put her away after all.",
"This is based on the false notion that the\nknowledge of the other's fornication does not automatically sever their\nmarriage bond.",
"However, the marriage\nbond is the lawful fact that one has no right to put the other away (Romans\n7:2, 3).Now if the knowledge of\nfornication gives one the right to put away, then their bond must certainly be\nsevered.",
"Sexual privileges are only for\nthose lawfully married and bound (Hebrews 13:4).This heresy also violates the principles of\nreconciliation, whereby the relationship would be restored with the lifetime\nbond exactly as it was before (Ephesians 2:13-17).It also violates the rules of dependent\ncovenants, in which only those bound to the lifetime commitment have a right to\nthe conjugal privileges (1 Corinthians 6:15-20; Hebrews 13:10).This heresy further proposes that the\nmarriage bond is contingent upon one's continued happiness or the other's\npenitence, creating a trial or probational marriage\nbond completely void of scriptural foundation.",
"\n\n·Heresy:A Christian can divorce his wife not\nonly because of fornication specifically but also for her indecent, lewd, or\nlascivious behavior.",
"This is based on\nthe false notion that Jesus was only explaining Mosaic law.",
"Since Moses' law allowed divorce for\nindecency (Deuteronomy 24:1-4), so does Jesus'.",
"However, Moses and Jesus said entirely different things; you cannot\nexplain something by contradicting it.",
"Besides, Jesus, as law-giver, ordained commandments which supersede Mosaic\nlaw (Matthew 28:18).",
"\n\nSadly, in the church today,\nsome gospel preachers and elders distort the scriptures into whatever they want\nso that some poor soul in a difficult situation has an easy way out.",
"Moreover, it is disgraceful that some\nChristians tolerate such false teaching.",
"It is terrifying to think that such men will pay for their false\ndoctrines with their own eternal destruction (2 Peter 3:16).",
"\n\nIn a spiritual allegory,\nwe ought to tirelessly seek truth like the Shulamite searches for her Beloved,\nand when we find it, we should hold on to it steadfastly, not depart from it,\nand take and show it to others (Deuteronomy 4:4; 10:20; Joshua 22:5, Acts\n11:23; 2 Timothy 2:2).Being a Christian\nis supposed to be a lifetime commitment (Ephesians 5:31, 32; Romans 7:4).",
"\n\n1 Thessalonians 5:21Test\nall things; hold fast what is good.",
"\n\nRomans 12:9Let love be without hypocrisy.",
"Abhor what is evil.",
"Cling to what\nis good.",
"\n\nLeave behind and do not\ngo back to the former ways of life (Philippians 3:13, Ephesians 2:1-16).You cannot cleave to the Lord or be one with\nHim until you leave Satan (Matthew 6:24, 1 John 1:5, 6).We should not look back on the sinful days\nwith fond remembrance.",
"Your spouse does\nnot want you to long for an old flame.",
"\n\nJames 4:4, 5You\nadulteresses, do you not know that friendship with the world is hostility\ntoward God?Therefore whoever wishes to\nbe a friend of the world makes himself an enemy of God.",
"Or do you think that the Scripture speaks to\nno purpose: \"He jealously desires the Spirit which He has made to dwell in\nus\"?",
"\n\nThe original word here translated \"jealously\"\n(\"envy,\" KJV) is from PHTHONOS {fthon'-os} meaning \"the feeling of displeasure produced by\nwitnessing or hearing of the advantage or prosperity of others…\" (W. E.\nVine).This is similar to ZELOS {dzay'-los}, which is often\ntranslated jealousy or zeal, indicating excitement and fervor about a thing to\ndesire, pursue, defend, or even refute it (JHT).Vine further explains the difference between\nthis envy (PHTHONOS) and jealousy (ZELOS).Envy seeks to deprive another of something; jealousy seeks simply to\nhave the same thing as another.",
"Knowing\nthis, both envy and jealousy have possible wholesome and unwholesome\nsenses.",
"For examples, envy is wrong when\nwe desire to deprive another of what is rightfully theirs, but it is right when\nwe desire in justice to take from another what they have no right to.",
"Applying this to James 4:5, that which God in\nenvy would desire to take away from us is our loyalty to Satan, which loyalty\nGod rightfully deserves.",
"\n\nHusbands and wives have every right to fervently desire,\nexpect, and demand all loyalty from the other as part of their lifetime\ncommitment.",
"Likewise, God has every\nright to fervently desire, expect, and demand all loyalty from us at all times.",
"We will discuss jealousy further in chapter\n8.",
"\n\n5 I charge you, O daughters of Jerusalem, By the\ngazelles or by the does of the field, Do not stir up\nnor awaken love Until it pleases.",
"\n\nShe waits for the proper\ntime.",
"Propriety in marriage will be\ndiscussed with detail in our review of chapter four.",
"\n\n~\n\n6Who is this coming out of the wilderness\nLike pillars of smoke, Perfumed with myrrh and frankincense, With all the\nmerchant's fragrant powders?",
"\n\n7Behold, it is Solomon's couch, With sixty valiant men around it, Of\nthe valiant of Israel.",
"\n\n8They all hold\nswords, Being expert in\nwar.",
"Every man has his sword on his thigh Because of fear in the night.",
"\n\n9Of the wood of\nLebanon Solomon the King Made himself a palanquin:\n\n10He made its\npillars of silver, Its support of gold, Its seat of purple, Its interior paved with love By the daughters of\nJerusalem.",
"\n\nIn a display of pride and arrogance, Solomon can be seen\nwith his entourage, and the Shulamite has some comments about it.",
"He is certainly making a big impression for\nall the women in pomp and self-fullness (Psalm 49:12, 20; Matthew 6:16-18;\nMatthew 23:5-12; 1 Samuel 15:12; Proverbs 25:27; Daniel 4:30; Galatians 6:3,\n4).",
"\n\nMatthew 23:1-12 Then Jesus spoke to the multitudes and to His\ndisciples, saying: \"The scribes and the Pharisees sit in Moses' seat.",
"Therefore whatever they tell you to observe, that observe and do, but do not do\naccording to their works; for they say, and do not do.",
"For they bind heavy burdens, hard to bear,\nand lay them on men's\nshoulders; but they themselves will\nnot move them with one of their fingers.",
"But all their works they do to be seen by men.",
"They make their phylacteries broad and\nenlarge the borders of their garments.",
"They love the best places at feasts, the best seats in the synagogues,\ngreetings in the marketplaces, and to be called by men, 'Rabbi, Rabbi.",
"'But you, do not be called 'Rabbi'; for One is\nyour Teacher, the Christ, and you are all brethren.",
"Do not call anyone on earth your father; for\nOne is your Father, He who is in heaven.",
"And do not be called teachers; for One is your Teacher, the Christ.",
"But he who is greatest among you shall be\nyour servant.",
"And whoever exalts himself\nwill be humbled, and he who humbles himself will be exalted.",
"\n\nJames 3:13-17Who is wise\nand understanding among you?Let him\nshow by good conduct that his works are done in the meekness of wisdom.",
"But if you have bitter envy and self-seeking\nin your hearts, do not boast and lie against the truth.",
"This wisdom does not descend from above, but\nis earthly, sensual, demonic.",
"For where\nenvy and self-seeking exist, confusion and every evil thing are there.",
"But the wisdom that is from above is first\npure, then peaceable, gentle, willing to yield, full of mercy and good fruits,\nwithout partiality and without hypocrisy.",
"\n\nA palanquin is a covered and curtained couch which was\ncarried by poles in parade fashion on the shoulders of men and used in ancient\ntimes, especially in the Far East.",
"It\nwas typically designed to transport one person, who would have been a dignitary.",
"\n\nChristians ought never think of themselves as more important\nor more valuable than others.",
"It does\nnot fit the pattern Jesus has given for the church, and it does not fit the\ndivine marriage pattern.",
"Though God has\nordained that the husband is to be the head of the household and that wives are\nto be in submission, these are positions of role, not rank.",
"Any marriage is destined for trouble when the\nhusband begins thinking his interests are more important than those of his wife.",
"Carnal-mindedness might say that high-echelon\nbusiness managers are more important to an industrial firm, but that is not the\nway it works with God.",
"Consider the\nproblems the disciples brought upon themselves because of this thinking.",
"\n\nMatthew 20:20-28Then\nthe mother of Zebedee's sons came to Him with her sons, kneeling down and\nasking something from Him.",
"And He said\nto her, \"What do you wish?\" ",
"She said to Him, \"Grant that these\ntwo sons of mine may sit, one on Your right hand and the other on the left, in\nYour kingdom.",
"\"But Jesus answered\nand said, \"You do not know what you ask. ",
"Are you able to drink the cup\nthat I am about to drink, and be baptized with the baptism that I am baptized\nwith?\"They said to Him, \"We\nare able.",
"\"So He said to them,\n\"You will indeed drink My cup, and be baptized with the baptism that I am\nbaptized with; but to sit on My right hand and on My left is not Mine to give,\nbut it is for those for whom it is prepared by My Father.",
"\"And when the ten heard it, they were greatly\ndispleased with the two brothers.",
"But Jesus\ncalled them to Himself and said, \"You know that the rulers of the Gentiles\nlord it over them, and those who are great exercise authority over them.",
"Yet it shall not be so among you; but whoever\ndesires to become great among you, let him be your servant.",
"And whoever desires to be first among you,\nlet him be your slave -- just as the Son of Man did not come to be served, but\nto serve, and to give His life a ransom for many.",
"\"(Mark 9:33, 34)\n\nThe church at Corinth had fallen into the same carnal mindset.",
"\n\n1 Corinthians 1:10-12Now\nI plead with you, brethren, by the name of our Lord Jesus Christ, that you all\nspeak the same thing, and that there be no divisions among you, but that you be\nperfectly joined together in the same mind and in the same judgment.",
"For it has been declared to me concerning\nyou, my brethren, by those of Chloe's household, that there are contentions\namong you.",
"Now I say this, that each of\nyou says, \"I am of Paul,\" or \"I am of Apollos,\" or \"I\nam of Cephas,\" or \"I am of Christ.\"",
"\n\n1 Corinthians 3:1-9And\nI, brethren, could not speak to you as to spiritual people but as to carnal, as\nto babes in Christ.",
"I fed you with milk\nand not with solid food; for until now you were not able to receive it, and\neven now you are still not able; for you are still carnal.",
"For where there are envy, strife, and\ndivisions among you, are you not carnal and behaving like mere men?For when one says, \"I am of Paul,\"\nand another, \"I am of Apollos,\" are you not carnal?Who then is Paul, and who is Apollos, but\nministers through whom you believed, as the Lord gave to each one?I planted, Apollos watered, but God gave the\nincrease.",
"So then neither he who plants\nis anything, nor he who waters, but God who gives the increase.",
"Now he who plants and he who waters are one,\nand each one will receive his own reward according to his own labor.",
"For we are God's fellow workers; you are\nGod's field, you are God's building.",
"\n\nIn his speech, Solomon often mentions the kingly things\nlisted in this description: the best fragrances money can buy, soldiers and\nservants, war and national security, the finest Lebanon cedar, precious metals,\npurple garments, and jewels.",
"These\nfeatures are naturally included in her description of him.",
"\n\nIt is going to be hard for Solomon to have closeness and\nintimacy with a woman for the constant presence of guards, servants, and other\nwomen.",
"Find ways to spend some time\nalone with your spouse.",
"\n\nThe wedding procession is now a scene for Solomon sixty\ntimes (6:8).Solomon has interest in all\nthe daughters.",
"\"One flesh\"\ndemands monogamy and permanence.",
"Monogamy in the prophets represents the union of God with Israel\n(Jeremiah 31:32, Exodus 34:12-17) and in the New Testament, Christ's desire for\nthe church (2 Corinthians 11:2).Polygamy is associated with idolatry in the Old Testament writings\n(Deuteronomy 17:17, 1 Kings 11:1-3).",
"\n\n11Go forth, O\ndaughters of Zion, And see King Solomon with the crown With which his mother\ncrowned him On the day of his wedding, The day of the gladness of his heart.",
"\n\nShe does not say that she and the daughters should all go\ntogether to see the king.",
"She also does\nnot speak accusingly of the king behind his back to the Daughters, but she\nsuggests that they simply go on without her.",
"She appears to not have enough interest for a closer view of such\nostentation.",
"\n\nQuestions And Thoughts For Discussion And Review, Chapter\nThree\n\n1.Is\nthere any harm in married people flirting with those of the opposite gender?",
"\n\n2.If\nwe fail to speak up and clarify that we are married, does our silence actually\nsay anything?What if we fail to speak\nup and clarify that we are a Christian?",
"\n\n3.In\nMatthew 5:14-16, Jesus exhorts us to let our light shine like a candle on a\nstand.",
"Today we have different kinds of\nlights: wide area flood lights and directional spot lights.",
"Which one fits Jesus' description?Explain the significance of the distinction\nand the application to us.",
"\n\n4.A\nstrong marriage will require some effort on our part to attain.",
"Describe how this would apply to our\nspiritual marriage to Christ and our relationship with Him.",
"\n\n5.Describe\nin your own words what is the significance of husbands and wives being\n\"one flesh.\"",
"\n\n6.What,\nexactly, does it mean to be bound in marriage?List several characteristics of the marriage bond.",
"\n\n7.If\na man has the right to put away his lawful wife, is he actually any longer\nbound to her?",
"\n\n8.What\nare the only two things that break the marriage bond?",
"\n\n9.A\nwork of the flesh is envy (Galatians 5:21).However, James, using the same original word, states that the Spirit of\nGod has an envious desire for us (James 4:5).Resolve this apparent contradiction by explaining the difference between\nwholesome and unwholesome desire over another.",
"\n\n10.In\n1 Corinthians 3:8, Paul writes, \"Now he who plants and he who waters are\none.",
"\"In light of the carnal\nmindedness within the Corinth church, what application can be made to a\nmarriage?",
"\n\nSolomon is the assumed speaker here, as some of these words\nare a repeat of his dialog in 1:15.The\nmilitary references also suggest him as the speaker.",
"Furthermore, within all these words, there is\nnot the first mention of uprightness, love, or devotion; all the descriptions\npertain mainly to carnality.",
"This point\nof Solomon's career is marked more by his opulence and power than by\nspirituality or high moral character.",
"\n\nRepeatedly in the book of Proverbs, wisdom warns against the\nflatterer (Proverbs 2:16; 6:24; 7:5; 7:21; 20:19; 26:28; 28:33; 29:5).In half of these references, the admonition\nis specifically in regard to the bold and enticing speech of a strange woman.",
"\n\nProverbs 6:23-26For the\ncommandment is a lamp, And the law a light; Reproofs of instruction are the way\nof life, To keep you from the evil woman, From the flattering tongue of a\nseductress.",
"Do not lust after her beauty\nin your heart, Nor let her allure you with her eyelids.",
"For by means of a harlot A man is reduced to\na crust of bread; And an adulteress will prey upon his precious life.",
"\n\nRomans 16:17, 18Now I\nurge you, brethren, note those who cause divisions and offenses, contrary to\nthe doctrine which you learned, and avoid them.",
"For those who are such do not serve our Lord Jesus Christ, but their own\nbelly, and by smooth words and flattering speech deceive the hearts of the\nsimple.",
"\n\nJude 1:16These are\ngrumblers, complainers, walking according to their own lusts; and they mouth great\nswelling words, flattering people to gain advantage.",
"\n\n1 Peter 1:22-25Since you\nhave purified your souls in obeying the truth through the Spirit in sincere\nlove of the brethren, love one another fervently with a pure heart, having been\nborn again, not of corruptible seed but incorruptible, through the word of God\nwhich lives and abides forever, because \"All flesh is as grass, And all\nthe glory of man as the flower of the grass. ",
"The grass withers, And its flower\nfalls away, But the word of the LORD endures forever.\" ",
"Now this is the\nword which by the gospel was preached to you.(Isaiah 40:6-8)\n\nWhile Peter exhorts us to love one another in earnest with\nsincerity and purity, he reminds us that the physical beauty of all things of\nthis earth are fleeting.",
"Love sincere\nand pure will neither produce vain flattery nor respond favorably to it.",
"It is based upon carnality.",
"There is nothing wrong with a husband telling\nhis wife that she looks nice, but make certain she knows the true admiration is\nbased on inner beauty.",
"In a strong,\ngodly marriage, each party trusts that even if the physical body is grossly\ndeformed due to illness or injury, love is not diminished by these things but\nis actually strengthened.",
"Sooner or\nlater the physical beauty fades away for us all, at which point, a relationship\nbased on spirituality stands firm until life's end.",
"\n\nProverbs 31:10-12Who can\nfind a virtuous wife?For her worth is\nfar above rubies.",
"The heart of her\nhusband safely trusts her; So he will have no lack of gain.",
"She does him good and not evil All the days\nof her life.",
"\n\nTHE SHULAMITE:\n\n6Until the day\nbreaks And the shadows flee away, I will go my way to the mountain of myrrh And\nto the hill of frankincense.",
"\n\nAs rehearsed in 2:17,\nshe plans her get-away for the break of dawn.",
"She has heard enough of the vain flattery void of sincerity and selfless\naffection.",
"\n\nSOLOMON:\n\n7You are all fair, my love, And there is no spot in you.",
"\n\nSolomon wants her for\nhimself; she is most certainly very beautiful to behold: a perfect specimen for\nhim to add to his collection of many women.",
"\n\n~\n\nTHE BELOVED:\n\n8Come with me\nfrom Lebanon, my spouse, With me from Lebanon. ",
"Look from the top of Amana, From\nthe top of Senir and Hermon, From the lions' dens,\nFrom the mountains of the leopards.",
"\n\n9You have\nravished my heart, My sister, my spouse; You have ravished my heart With one\nlook of your eyes, With one link of your necklace.",
"\n\n10How fair is\nyour love, My sister, my spouse! ",
"How much better than wine is your love, And\nthe scent of your perfumes Than all spices!",
"\n\n11Your lips, O\nmy spouse, Drip as the honeycomb; Honey and milk are under your tongue; And the\nfragrance of your garments Is like the fragrance of Lebanon.",
"\n\nThe shepherd is the assumed speaker.",
"Though reference is made to her physical\nbeauty, there is something more here.",
"The original word translated \"spouse\" repeated in each verse\nand the following is KALLAH {kal-law'}, meaning\neither a bride or a daughter-in-law (BDB).The word translated \"sister\" in these verses and the next is\nACHOWTH {aw-khoth'}, meaning sister or relative or,\nfiguratively, of intimate connection (BDB).The indication is not of incest but of closeness, perhaps referring to\none of the same tribe or extended family.",
"These terms suggest a warmth missing from Solomon's dialog.",
"\n\nNote the difference in these expressions: \"You are\nfair, my love\" (4:1) and \"How fair is your love\" (4:10).Though the distinction is subtle, carefully\nconsider some observations.",
"The word\n\"love\" here is from DOWD, defined earlier as affection and\nendearment.",
"The word \"fair\" is\nfrom YAPHEH, defined as beautiful.",
"Therefore, in the first statement\n(Solomon's), the Shulamite herself is declared to be beautiful.",
"By contrast, in the second statement (The Beloved's),\nthe Shulamite's affectionate character is declared to be beautiful.",
"Solomon praises the outward beauty alone; The\nBeloved praises the beauty of the whole person, both the inner and the outer.",
"\n\nThe idea of closeness is brought out again in Song 8:1-3,\nwhere the maiden wishes she could kiss him openly and no one would regard it as\nscandalous.",
"It would be as natural as\nclose family members showing affection toward one another in public.",
"A closeness and trust in sharing is vital in\na marriage or in any relationship.",
"\n\nHebrews 10:22, 23Let us\ndraw near with a true heart in full assurance of faith, having our hearts\nsprinkled from an evil conscience and our bodies washed with pure water.",
"Let us hold fast the confession of our hope\nwithout wavering, for He who promised is faithful.",
"\n\nThe couple speaks affectionately often.",
"Spouses: if your mate is worthy of praise,\nlet them know frequently and in different ways what they mean to you.",
"\n\nA den of lions could refer to The Beloved's assessment of\nSolomon's courts.",
"Lions and leopards are\ndangerous animals not to be trusted.",
"He\nagain calls her out from there to be with him (2:10), implying a desire to be\nnear.",
"His reference to her lips and\ntongue is probably not denoting a literal dripping of honey and milk but a\nmetaphor for the kind and up-building words proceeding from her mouth (Psalm\n119:103; Proverbs 24:13, 14; 31:26).",
"\n\nIn a spiritual analogy, God in loving tones calls us out of\none place to come into another.",
"\n\n2 Corinthians 6:17-7:1Therefore \"Come out from among them And be separate, says the\nLord.",
"Do not touch what is unclean, And\nI will receive you.",
"I will be a Father\nto you, And you shall be My sons and daughters,\" Says the LORD\nAlmighty.",
"Therefore, having these\npromises, beloved, let us cleanse ourselves from all filthiness of the flesh\nand spirit, perfecting holiness in the fear of God.",
"\n\nIn these verses, the concept of trust as a natural product\nof closeness and affection is particularly brought out in God's calling us unto\nHim.",
"The expressions, \"I will\nreceive you\" and \"I will be a Father to you,\" denote security\nand provision.",
"Moreover, the original\nword for \"church\" in the New Testament is EKKLESIA {ek-klay-see'-ah}, meaning,\n\"1) a gathering of citizens called out from their homes into some public\nplace,… for the purpose of deliberating…\" (JHT).",
"\n\n1 Thessalonians 5:23, 24Now may the God of peace Himself sanctify you completely; and may your\nwhole spirit, soul, and body be preserved blameless at the coming of our Lord\nJesus Christ.",
"He who calls you is\nfaithful, who also will do it.(Ref. ",
"1\nThessalonians 2:12).",
"\n\nA call is a request for a response; a command is a demand\nfor a response.",
"Two things are\nnoteworthy in this comparison.",
"God has\nevery right to command us, and so He does.",
"However, His approach to us in scripture is presented as entreaty rather\nthan coercion.",
"He prefers that we serve\nHim willingly, not grudgingly (2 Corinthians 9:7).As an example for husbands, The Beloved does\nnot charge in and take the Shulamite by force against her will; he gives her no\ndemands or ultimatums.",
"Likewise, the\nLord does not force us to submit to His will but appeals to us through His\ngrace.",
"\n\nMatthew 11:28-30\"Come to Me, all you who labor and are heavy laden, and I will give\nyou rest.",
"Take My yoke upon you and\nlearn from Me, for I am gentle and lowly in heart, and you will find rest for\nyour souls.",
"For My yoke is easy and My\nburden is light.\" (",
"Ref. ",
"Revelation 22:17).",
"\n\nThe second noteworthy thing is that some action is required\nof the one being called.",
"The Beloved is\ncalling and ready to protect and provide, but the trust to get up and follow\nmust come from within the Shulamite.",
"Their relationship will go no where without\neffort; it will not happen on its own.",
"The same is true of our faith in Christ.",
"The Lord blesses no one who does nothing.",
"\n\nPsalm 73:28But it is\ngood for me to draw near to God; I have put my trust in the Lord GOD, That I\nmay declare all Your works.",
"\n\nHebrews 11:6But without\nfaith it is impossible to please Him, for he who comes to God must believe that\nHe is, and that He is a rewarder of those who diligently seek Him.",
"\n\n2 Peter 1:3-11His divine\npower has given to us all things that pertain to life and godliness, through\nthe knowledge of Him who called us by glory and virtue, by which have been\ngiven to us exceedingly great and precious promises, that through these you may\nbe partakers of the divine nature, having escaped the corruption that is in the\nworld through lust.",
"But also for this\nvery reason, giving all diligence, add to your faith virtue, to virtue\nknowledge, to knowledge self-control, to self-control perseverance, to\nperseverance godliness, to godliness brotherly kindness, and to brotherly\nkindness love.",
"For if these things are\nyours and abound, you will be neither barren nor unfruitful in the knowledge of\nour Lord Jesus Christ.",
"For he who lacks\nthese things is shortsighted, even to blindness, and has forgotten that he was\ncleansed from his old sins.",
"Therefore,\nbrethren, be even more diligent to make your call and election sure, for if you\ndo these things you will never stumble; for so an entrance will be supplied to\nyou abundantly into the everlasting kingdom of our Lord and Savior Jesus\nChrist.",
"\n\nHe waits for the proper time.",
"Note the following descriptive words:\n\"enclosed,\" \"shut up,\" \"sealed.",
"\"Sexual intimacy is to be reserved for marriage\nonly.",
"The book of Proverbs contains many\nwarnings against sexual impropriety and of the misery that can result there\nfrom (Proverbs 5:1-14; 6:23-7:27; 9:13-18).In addition to the fact that fornication is sin, it can have dramatic\nand permanent repercussions.",
"It can\nresult in shame, unwanted pregnancy, venereal disease, ruined relationships,\nand wrecked homes.",
"\n\nProverbs 5:1 My son, pay attention to my wisdom; Lend your ear\nto my understanding, That you may preserve discretion, And your lips may keep\nknowledge.",
"For the lips of an immoral\nwoman drip honey, And her mouth is smoother than oil; But in the end she is\nbitter as wormwood, Sharp as a two-edged sword.",
"Her feet go down to death, Her steps lay hold of hell.",
"Lest you ponder her path of life -- Her ways\nare unstable; You do not know them.",
"Therefore hear me now, my children, And do not depart from the words of\nmy mouth.",
"Remove your way far from her,\nAnd do not go near the door of her house, Lest you give your honor to others,\nAnd your years to the cruel one; Lest aliens be filled with your wealth, And\nyour labors go to the house of a foreigner; And you mourn at last, When your\nflesh and your body are consumed, And say: \"How I have hated instruction,\nAnd my heart despised correction!I have\nnot obeyed the voice of my teachers, Nor inclined my ear to those who\ninstructed me!I was on the verge of\ntotal ruin, In the midst of the assembly and congregation.\"",
"\n\n1 Thessalonians 4:3-8For\nthis is the will of God, your sanctification: that you should abstain from\nsexual immorality; that each of you should know how to possess his own vessel\nin sanctification and honor, not in passion of lust, like the Gentiles who do\nnot know God; that no one should take advantage of and defraud his brother in\nthis matter, because the Lord is the avenger of all such, as we also forewarned\nyou and testified.",
"For God did not call\nus to uncleanness, but in holiness.",
"Therefore he who rejects this does not reject man, but God, who has also\ngiven us His Holy Spirit.",
"\n\nBeing engaged is not the same as being one flesh nor does it\nshare the same privileges as marriage.",
"By today's permissive standards, the idea of saving one's self for\nmarriage is considered archaic and foolish.",
"Years ago, premarital sex was not as accepted in society; however, God's\nattitude toward it never changes with changing human trends and traditions.",
"Teachers of humanism today declare that the\nBible does not condemn premarital sex between consenting adults but only\ncondemns prostitution, adultery (sex with the spouse of another), incest,\nbestiality, and homosexuality.",
"This is\nnot true.",
"Fornication is sin and\nincludes unlawful sexual contact.",
"Moreover, if consensual, premarital sex is not sin, then Paul would not\nhave stipulated that marriage is necessary in order to avoid fornication (1\nCorinthians 7:9).",
"\n\n1 Corinthians 6:15-7:2Do\nyou not know that your bodies are members of Christ? ",
"Shall I then take the members\nof Christ and make them members of a harlot?Certainly not!Or do you not know\nthat he who is joined to a harlot is one body with her?For \"the two,\" He says, \"shall\nbecome one flesh.",
"\"But he who is\njoined to the Lord is one spirit with Him.",
"Flee [fornication].Every sin\nthat a man does is outside the body, but he who commits [fornication] sins\nagainst his own body.",
"Or do you not know\nthat your body is the temple of the Holy Spirit who is in you, whom you have\nfrom God, and you are not your own?For\nyou were bought at a price; therefore glorify God in your body and in your\nspirit, which are God's.",
"Now concerning\nthe things of which you wrote to me: It is good for a man not to touch a\nwoman.",
"Nevertheless, because of\n[fornication], let each man have his own wife, and let each woman have her own\nhusband.",
"\n\nHebrews 13:4Marriage is\nhonorable among all, and the bed undefiled; but fornicators and adulterers God\nwill judge.",
"\n\nSomeone might ask what they are supposed to do if they\nsimply cannot control their desires.",
"False teachers will claim that God bestows on some the gift of self control, as he did Paul, but does not give this to\nothers, citing 1 Corinthians 7:7, 8 as proof.",
"However, self control was not was Paul's gift;\nit was being unmarried.",
"Self control is expected of us all (Galatians 5:23).Besides, God promises to give us what we need\nto endure any temptation.",
"If we claim a\nsin is beyond our ability to resist, we make God a liar.",
"\n\n1 Corinthians 10:13No\ntemptation has overtaken you except such as is common to man; but God is\nfaithful, who will not allow you to be tempted beyond what you are able, but\nwith the temptation will also make the way of escape, that you may be able to\nbear it.",
"\n\nThough the sin of fornication may be forgiven, once this purity\nis lost, the freshness can never be restored.",
"There is a special closeness experienced between couples who have known\nno one else in this way and kept themselves for each other, a closeness of\nspirit that fleshly minded people cannot understand.",
"Just ask godly couples who have this, and\nthey'll tell you it's worth waiting for.",
"Besides, this is God's plan for couples, and He knows what is best for\nus.",
"\n\nTHE SHULAMITE:\n\n16Awake, O north\nwind, And come, O south!Blow upon my garden, That its spices may flow out.",
"Let my beloved come to his garden And eat its pleasant fruits.",
"\n\nWaiting for the blowing of the north wind could be a poetic\nway of saying that she waits for the proper time, until bound in marriage.",
"She longs for this day, but until then, he\nkeeps her as \"a garden enclosed… a spring shut up, a fountain\nsealed.",
"\"We will see this\ndescription again in Song 7:11-13.",
"\n\nEcclesiastes 3:1To\neverything there is a season, A time for every purpose under heaven.",
"\n\nQuestions And Thoughts For Discussion And Review, Chapter\nFour\n\n1.Is\nall flattery vain?Explain the\ndifference between praise or a complimentary remark and vain flattery.",
"\n\n2.What\nis the basis of flattery?",
"\n\n3.Is\nGod ever seen in scripture as using flattery to draw men toward serving\nHim?What lesson for a husband is\ncontained in this thought?",
"\n\n4.Does\nit make sense to try to flatter God when we pray?",
"\n\n5.Review\nProverbs 27:14 and explain how such a blessing can be a curse.",
"\n\n6.What\nis the inevitable end of a relationship built on physical beauty alone?",
"\n\n7.How\nis trust in a relationship related to closeness and affection?",
"\n\n8.Explain\nthe difference between a calling and a command in the way God approaches\nus.",
"How can this be applied in a\nmarriage?",
"\n\n9.Is\nsex between consenting, single adults sinful, as long as no one is hurt over\nit?Validate your answer with scriptural\nreasoning.",
"\n\n10.What\ndo you think is meant by the blowing of the north wind in verse 16?",
"\n\nThe shepherd speaks in poetic metaphor of what God desires\nmen and women to enjoy without holding back (Colossians 2:18-23).However, God requires regulation of sexual\nintimacy within the bond of marriage (Hebrews 13:4).He is not permissive of those couples who\nrush into this garden before the \"north wind\" blows, trampling its\ntender fruit.",
"You can't feel good about\nyourself if you know you're doing wrong.",
"\n\nPsalm 128:1-3A Song of\nAscents.",
"Blessed is every\none who fears the LORD, Who walks in His ways.",
"When you eat the labor of your hands, You\nshall be happy, and it shall be well with you.",
"Your wife shall be like a fruitful vine In the very heart of your house,\nYour children like olive plants All around your table.",
"\n\nProverbs 5:15-23Drink\nwater from your own cistern, And running water from your own well.",
"Should your fountains be dispersed abroad,\nStreams of water in the streets?Let\nthem be only your own, And not for strangers with you.",
"Let your fountain be blessed, And rejoice\nwith the wife of your youth.",
"As a loving\ndeer and a graceful doe, Let her breasts satisfy you at all times; And always\nbe enraptured with her love.",
"For why\nshould you, my son, be enraptured by an immoral woman, And be embraced in the\narms of a seductress?For the ways of\nman are before the eyes of the LORD, And He ponders all his paths.",
"His own iniquities entrap the wicked man, And\nhe is caught in the cords of his sin.",
"He\nshall die for lack of instruction, And in the greatness of his folly he shall go\nastray.",
"\n\nEcclesiastes 9:9Live\njoyfully with the wife whom you love all the days of your vain life which He\nhas given you under the sun, all your days of vanity; for that is your portion\nin life, and in the labor which you perform under the sun.",
"\n\nIt is possible for a person to be married by civil law to\nsomeone to whom they are not bound by divine law.",
"One such situation occurs when a woman\nmarries someone to whom she has no lawful right.",
"Paul explains in Romans 7:2, 3 that a woman\nwho divorces her husband without just cause and marries another is an\nadulterer, being married to one yet bound to the other still living.",
"It is also possible for a person to be bound\nby divine law to someone to whom they are not married by civil law.",
"One such situation occurs when a man lawfully\nputs away his fornicating wife.",
"Jesus\nexplains in Matthew 19:9 that by so doing, the man does not commit adultery,\nindicating that he is loosed from the law regarding his ex-wife by her\nfornication.",
"However, if the woman\nremarries, she is an adulterer, indicating that she is still bound to the law\nregarding her ex-husband.",
"Having\nclarified this, a man has the right to the privilege of sexual intimacy only if\nhe is both married by civil law and bound by divine law to his wife (John\n4:16-18; Mark 6:17, 18).",
"\n\n~\n\nTHE SHULAMITE:\n\n2I sleep, but my\nheart is awake; It is the voice of my beloved! ",
"He knocks, saying, \"Open\nfor me, my sister, my love, My dove, my perfect one; For my head is covered\nwith dew, My locks with the drops of the night.\"",
"\n\n3I have taken\noff my robe; How can I put it on again?I\nhave washed my feet; How can I defile them?",
"\n\n4My beloved put\nhis hand By the latch of the door, And my heart yearned for him.",
"\n\n5I arose to open\nfor my beloved, And my hands dripped with myrrh, My fingers with liquid myrrh,\nOn the handles of the lock.",
"\n\n6I opened for my\nbeloved, But my beloved had turned away and was gone.",
"My heart leaped up when he spoke.",
"I sought him, but I could not find him; I\ncalled him, but he gave me no answer.",
"\n\n7The watchmen\nwho went about the city found me.",
"They\nstruck me, they wounded me; The keepers of the walls Took my veil away from me.",
"\n\n8I charge you, O\ndaughters of Jerusalem, If you find my beloved, That you tell him I am\nlovesick!",
"\n\nThe statement \"I sleep, but my heart is awake\" is\na poetic way of saying she is dreaming about him.",
"\n\nCommunication is vital in a relationship.",
"For the husband and wife to share life and\nknow how to please each other and learn to be happy, they will need to\ncommunicate.",
"This means that each one\nwill need to take turns not only speaking but also listening.",
"We cannot expect our spouse to read our\nminds.",
"Similarly, God does not expect us\nto read His mind; He openly reveals it to us (1 Corinthians 2:10-16), but we\nhave to be willing to listen.",
"\n\nIn her dream, he comes seeking her at home, but she puts him\noff with excuses (vs. 3).As a result of\nher indifference, he tires of waiting and leaves (vs. 6), and then problems\narise (vs. 7).The scenario is presented\nwith such imagery that her failure in response to him in the dream can almost\ngo undetected.",
"He asks for nothing more\nthan for her to open the door; he is making no arduous demands nor requesting\ndifficult favors.",
"Yet this was too much\nof an inconvenience for her, as it would mean she would have to put on her robe\nagain, which she had just taken off, and she might even have to wash her feet\nall over again.",
"We hear sometimes\nhusbands and wives putting each other off for silly things.",
"Husbands and wives: you might be able to\nrecall instances when you have done this very thing.",
"It could be something small.",
"He asks her to help take out the trash, but\nshe complains that she will have to put on her shoes.",
"She asks him to come see a thing she has\ndone, but he says he is busy watching television.",
"Such behavior telegraphs the message that one\nis not that interested in the other.",
"Conversely, if she merely calls for him, consider the effect if he just\ngets up and goes to her, instead of shouting from a distance, \"What do you\nwant?\"Going to her sends the\nmessage that devotion and concern rules the relationship, no matter what.",
"\n\nLook again at the dream and note what happens after she puts\nhim off.",
"She reconsiders and finally\ngoes to the door, but it's too late.",
"He\nhas gone away, and she ends up out in the street getting mugged.",
"The story is melodramatic for sure, but it's\na dream; dreams are usually surreal.",
"However, there is a simple message here.",
"She would not have gotten mugged if she had just answered the door in\nthe first place.",
"Likewise, problems in a\nmarriage can arise if such an air of unconcern is a consistent attribute of the\nrelationship.",
"After a while, many little\nproblems spawned by indifference pile up to make one big problem with each\nparty thinking there's nothing to salvage in the relationship.",
"Apathy hurts a relationship.",
"Take time for your spouse.",
"Be devoted to one another; give each other\nfirst place and attention when needed.",
"Learn how to listen to one another.",
"Even though we know we are loved by the other, we still like to hear\nthose words sincerely spoken.",
"Don't wait\nuntil it's too late to act like you care.",
"\n\nRomans 12:10, 11 10Be\nkindly affectionate to one another with brotherly love, in honor giving\npreference to one another; not lagging in diligence, fervent in spirit, serving\nthe Lord.",
"\n\nEphesians 4:1I,\ntherefore, the prisoner of the Lord, beseech you to walk worthy of the calling\nwith which you were called, with all lowliness and gentleness, with\nlongsuffering, bearing with one another in love.",
"\n\nThere are some spiritual analogies to these points we should\nconsider.",
"In communicating with God, He\nspeaks to us through His word, the Bible.",
"When we hear God's voice in those pages, we do not hear an over-bearing,\negotistical God (Psalm 86:15; 143:8).Nevertheless, we can become so preoccupied with mundane things that we\ngive little time to the Lord to read His word or hear His preaching.",
"When we think of all that God has done for\nus, we can hardly turn a dull ear to Him.",
"Instead, we ought to get up and respond the moment He knocks at our\nheart's door (Psalm 95:7-11; Matthew 13:13-16, Revelation 13:9).",
"\n\nRevelation 3:20Behold, I\nstand at the door and knock.",
"If anyone\nhears My voice and opens the door, I will come in to him and dine with him, and\nhe with Me.",
"\n\nIn communicating with God, we speak to Him in prayer.",
"Even though He knows ours hearts, He longs to\nhear us express our feelings and concerns (Luke 18:1-8; Philippians 4:6).God is sovereign over the universe, yet He is\nnever too busy to listen to our smallest petition.",
"However, our prayers ought not be filled with\nself-interest or dissention (Luke 18:10-14; 1 Timothy 2:8).",
"\n\nIsaiah 59:1Behold, the\nLORD'S hand is not so short That it cannot save; Nor is His ear so dull That it\ncannot hear.",
"But your iniquities have\nmade a separation between you and your God, And your sins have hidden His face\nfrom you so that He does not hear.",
"\n\nJames 4:1-3What is the\nsource of quarrels and conflicts among you? ",
"Is not the source your pleasures\nthat wage war in your members?You lust\nand do not have; so you commit murder.",
"You are envious and cannot obtain; so you fight and quarrel.",
"You do not have because you do not ask.",
"You ask and do not receive, because you ask\nwith wrong motives, so that you may spend it on your pleasures.",
"\n\nThings that hinder our communication in a marriage damage\nthat relationship.",
"Consider that these\nthings will damage our relationship with God just the same.",
"The Bible mentions several things\nspecifically that hinder our prayers:\n\n·unforgiveness (Mark\n11:24-26)\n\n·self-fullness (Matthew 6:5-8)\n\n·lack of faith (James 5:13-18)\n\n·evil deeds (1 Peter 3:7-12)\n\nSadly, in spite of the many ways God patiently beseeches His\ncreation to serve Him, some men still put Him off and devote themselves to\nsin.",
"The longer we remain away from God,\nthe harder it becomes to find our way back to Him again.",
"If we go for an extended time without\nconsulting Him through His word or entreating Him in prayer, we will likely\nmake all the more sinful decisions in life.",
"For example, if we wait until after we unlawfully divorce, unlawfully\nremarry, or become drug addicted to open the door to the Lord, we may find a\nrough way to go.",
"\n\nIsaiah 26:9With my soul\nI have desired You in the night, Yes, by my spirit within me I will seek You early; For when Your judgments are in the earth, The inhabitants of\nthe world will learn righteousness.",
"\n\nIf we continually reject God and refuse to listen to Him, He\ncan eventually give up on us as well.",
"As\npatient as He is, His patience has its limits.",
"His dealing with the rebellious nations through history demonstrates\nthis.",
"\n\nRomans 2:28-32And even\nas they did not like to retain God in their knowledge, God gave them over to a\ndebased mind, to do those things which are not fitting; being filled with all\nunrighteousness, sexual immorality, wickedness, covetousness, maliciousness;\nfull of envy, murder, strife, deceit, evil-mindedness….",
"\n\n2 Thessalonians 2:10-12…and with all unrighteous deception among those who perish, because they\ndid not receive the love of the truth, that they might be saved.",
"And for this reason God will send them strong\ndelusion, that they should believe the lie, that they all may be condemned who\ndid not believe the truth but had pleasure in unrighteousness.",
"\n\nMatthew 12:31, 32Therefore\nI say to you, every sin and blasphemy will be forgiven men, but the blasphemy\nagainst the Spirit will not be forgiven men.",
"Anyone who speaks a word against the Son of Man, it will be forgiven\nhim; but whoever speaks against the Holy Spirit, it will not be forgiven him,\neither in this age or in the age to come.",
"\n\nIn the King James Version, Song 5:4 is rendered \"My\nbowels were moved for him.",
"\"The\ntranslation is word-accurate, but changes in vernacular have made this a most\nunfortunate expression, as these words suggest a completely different\nconnotation for us today.",
"Furthermore,\nthe original word for \"move\" also literally means to growl, roar, or\nmake noise (BDB).Husbands: you will not\ncharm your wife by telling her that your bowels growl for her.",
"In all seriousness, the bowels were thought\nof by people in those days as the innermost part of man (Psalm 51:6).Though sometimes we might say we have a gut\nfeeling about something, the metaphor we most often use regarding love is of\nthe heart, so modern English translations use our vernacular for this and all\noccurrences of similar expressions in scripture.",
"While we are amused with these words, we\nmight miss the point.",
"This speaks of\nsincerity, not pretense: a strong emotion that wells up from deep within our\nsoul with a profound effect.",
"There are\nknown cases where a young woman, smitten with love, becomes physically ill when\nher fiancé simply calls on the telephone.",
"Emotionally overwhelmed, she is sick to her stomach in the bathroom\nbefore she can take the call.",
"That's\nlovesickness, literally (vs. 8).",
"\n\nThere are some additional spiritual analogies we can draw\nfrom these verses.",
"For instance, don't\nmake excuses for not serving God, and don't be indifferent toward the church.",
"\n\nLuke 14:16-24Then He\nsaid to him, \"A certain man gave a great supper and invited many, and sent\nhis servant at supper time to say to those who were invited, 'Come, for all\nthings are now ready.",
"'But they all with\none accord began to make excuses.",
"The first\nsaid to him, 'I have bought a piece of ground, and I must go and see it.",
"I ask you to have me excused.",
"'And another said, 'I have bought five yoke of\noxen, and I am going to test them.",
"I ask\nyou to have me excused.",
"'Still another\nsaid, 'I have married a wife, and therefore I cannot come.",
"'So that servant came and reported these\nthings to his master.",
"Then the master of\nthe house, being angry, said to his servant, …none of those men who were\ninvited shall taste my supper.' \"",
"\n\nFurthermore, as the Shulamite is emotionally stirred by the\nvoice of her beloved, we ought to take note whether the word of the Lord ever\nstirs us emotionally.",
"If the gospel\nmessage never puts a lump in our throat or moves us in any way, perhaps we need\nour hearts checked.",
"This is not to\nsuggest that we force emotionalism in our service to God.",
"Emotion wells up spontaneously, if the heart\nis tender, but spontaneity or emotionalism planned and orchestrated is\ninsincere and not really spontaneous at all.",
"\n\nLuke 24:32And they said\nto one another, \"Did not our heart burn within\nus while He talked with us on the road, and while He opened the Scriptures to\nus?\"",
"\n\nActs 2:37Now when they\nheard this, they were cut to the heart, and said to Peter and the rest of the\napostles, \"Men and brethren, what shall we do?\"",
"\n\nEphesians 4:17-20This I\nsay, therefore, and testify in the Lord, that you should no longer walk as the\nrest of the Gentiles walk, in the futility of their mind, having their\nunderstanding darkened, being alienated from the life of God, because of the\nignorance that is in them, because of the blindness of their heart; who, being\npast feeling, have given themselves over to lewdness, to work all uncleanness\nwith greediness.",
"But you have not so\nlearned Christ.",
"\n\nIn the preceding passage, the original word for\n\"blindness\" (\"hardness,\" NAB) is not from the usual Greek\nword for \"blind\" but from POROSIS {po'-ro-sis}, meaning \"1) the covering with a callus 2)\nobtrusiveness of mental discernment, dulled perception 3) the mind of one has\nbeen blunted 3a) of stubbornness, obduracy\" (JHT).According to Merriam-Webster,\n\"obduracy\" describes someone \"stubbornly persistent in\nwrongdoing, hardened in feelings, resistant to persuasion or softening\ninfluences.",
"\"A callus is a\ntoughening and deadening of the skin formed by repeated pressure or friction\nover time.",
"A callused heart forms when\nsomeone who manages to reject the truth the first time continues to reject\nrepeated messages.",
"After a while, the\nhearer becomes completely numb.",
"If the\ndeath of Christ cannot touch our hearts, nothing can.",
"\n\n1 Timothy 4:1, 2Now the\nSpirit expressly says that in latter times some will depart from the faith,\ngiving heed to deceiving spirits and doctrines of demons, speaking lies in\nhypocrisy, having their own conscience seared with a hot iron.",
"\n\nTHE DAUGHTERS OF JERUSALEM:\n\n9What is your beloved More than another beloved, O fairest among\nwomen?What is your beloved More than another\nbeloved, That you so charge us?",
"\n\nThe Daughters Of Jerusalem wonder what she sees in him.",
"What does he have that Solomon doesn't\nhave?They just don't get it.",
"\n\nThere is nothing that physically attracts us to Christ\n(Isaiah 53:2); what do we see in Him?Not everyone sees the attractiveness of Christ.",
"\n\n~\n\nTHE SHULAMITE:\n\n10My beloved is\nwhite and ruddy, Chief among ten thousand.",
"\n\n11His head is\nlike the finest gold; His locks are wavy, And black as a raven.",
"\n\n12His eyes are\nlike doves By the rivers of waters, Washed with milk, And fitly set.",
"\n\n13His cheeks are\nlike a bed of spices, Banks of scented herbs. ",
"His lips are lilies, Dripping\nliquid myrrh.",
"\n\n14His hands are\nrods of gold Set with beryl. ",
"His body is carved ivory Inlaid with sapphires.",
"\n\n15His legs are\npillars of marble Set on bases of fine gold. ",
"His countenance is like Lebanon,\nExcellent as the cedars.",
"\n\n16His mouth is\nmost sweet, Yes, he is altogether lovely. ",
"This is my beloved, And this is my\nfriend, O daughters of Jerusalem!",
"\n\nListen to the way she speaks to her friends about her\nbeloved.",
"At no place in this story does\nthe couple ever speak disparagingly of one another.",
"They always praise each other and look for\nthe best in each other, diminishing weaknesses and faults.",
"It is disheartening to sometimes hear couples\nspeak degradingly of their mates.",
"Granted, it might sometimes be only in jest, as close friends are prone\nto do, but if it is constant, and serious words of admiration are never heard,\nthe relationship will surely suffer.",
"When family members speak harshly to one another, the excuse is\nsometimes offered that it is okay, because it is a close relative: as if harsh\nwords do not cut if they come from a sibling or spouse.",
"Remember, the person standing closest to you\nwith a knife is the one who can most easily hurt you.",
"Sometimes a chastisement indeed needs to be\ndelivered, and a close relative is often the best candidate for this job, but\neven then, it should never be demeaning but in gentleness (Galatians 6:1,\n2).",
"\n\nThe maiden calls The Beloved her friend.",
"The\nproblem with familiarity is the tendency to take one another for granted after\na while, forgetting how it all started.",
"We when meet a stranger for the first time, our regard for them is with\ncourtesy and politeness.",
"This is AGAPE:\nrational love, of the mind.(Refer again\nto section 1.1 for definitions of this and the following Greek terms for\nlove).As the relationship grows\nfamiliar, a bond of warm affection develops.",
"This is PHILIA: emotional love, of the heart.",
"The next step of a developing relationship\nbetween a man and a woman is a passionate desire.",
"This is EROS: physical love, of the\nbody.",
"In marriage, a new institution is\nformed with natural affections among offspring.",
"This is STORGE: family love.",
"When\nmarried couples habitually speak harshly to one another, perhaps it is because\nthe physical, sexual love has supplanted the emotional and rational love, which\nshould never have ceased.",
"Now as lovers,\nthe warmth of friendship and even the dignity they share as fellow bearers of\nGod's image are forgotten.",
"Husbands and\nwives ought to see themselves as the very best of friends, and kindly words,\nsuch as \"please\" and \"thank you,\" ought to continually be\nheard among them.",
"We covered this\nsomewhat previously in chapter 4 when discussing closeness and affection.",
"\n\nEphesians 4:31, 32Let\nall bitterness, wrath, anger, clamor, and evil speaking be put away from you,\nwith all malice.",
"And be kind to one another,\ntenderhearted, forgiving one another, just as God in Christ forgave you.",
"\n\nColossians 3:12-14Therefore, as the elect of God, holy and beloved, put on tender mercies,\nkindness, humility, meekness, longsuffering; bearing with one another, and\nforgiving one another, if anyone has a complaint against another; even as\nChrist forgave you, so you also must do.",
"But above all these things put on love, which is the bond of perfection.",
"\n\nIf each party is\nbehaving toward the other as they ought, appreciation for one another is the\ninevitable result.",
"\n\nEphesians 5:21-33Submitting to one another in the fear of God.",
"Wives, submit to your own husbands, as to the\nLord.",
"For the husband is head of the\nwife, as also Christ is head of the church; and He is the Savior of the\nbody.",
"Therefore, just as the church is\nsubject to Christ, so let the wives be to their own husbands in\neverything.",
"Husbands, love your wives,\njust as Christ also loved the church and gave Himself for her, that He might\nsanctify and cleanse her with the washing of water by the word, that He might\npresent her to Himself a glorious church, not having spot or wrinkle or any\nsuch thing, but that she should be holy and without blemish.",
"So husbands ought to love their own wives as\ntheir own bodies; he who loves his wife loves himself.",
"For no one ever hated his own flesh, but\nnourishes and cherishes it, just as the Lord does the church.",
"For we are members of His body, of His flesh\nand of His bones.",
"\"For this reason\na man shall leave his father and mother and be joined to his wife, and the two\nshall become one flesh.",
"\"This is a\ngreat mystery, but I speak concerning Christ and the church.",
"Nevertheless let each one of you in\nparticular so love his own wife as himself, and let the wife see that she\nrespects her husband.",
"\n\nProverbs 31:27-29She\nwatches over the ways of her household, And does not eat the bread of\nidleness.",
"Her children rise up and call\nher blessed; Her husband also, and he praises her: \"Many daughters have\ndone well, But you excel them all.\"",
"\n\nIn a spiritual analogy, Jesus describes the friendship He\nhas with His disciples.",
"\n\nJohn 15:12-15This is My\ncommandment, that you love one another as I have loved you.",
"Greater love has no one than this, than to\nlay down one's life for his friends.",
"You\nare My friends if you do whatever I command you.",
"No longer do I call you servants, for a\nservant does not know what his master is doing; but I have called you friends,\nfor all things that I heard from My Father I have made known to you.",
"\n\nJesus demonstrates that open communication is the\nidentifying feature of friendship.",
"All\nthings the Father delivers to Christ, He makes known to His disciples, because\nthey are His friends.",
"True friends know\neach other because they reveal their hearts to one another.",
"As Christ has shared His heart with us who\nare His followers, so husbands and wives should share their thoughts, holding\nback no secrets.",
"According to Christ's\nexample, husbands and wives ought to have the attitude of willingness to\nsacrifice their own lives for one another.",
"\n\nQuestions And Thoughts For Discussion And Review, Chapter\nFive\n\n1.Has\nGod ordained any class or office of His servants in the church who are not\ngiven the right to marry if they so desire?",
"\n\n2.Is\nit possible to be married but not bound?Is it possible to be bound but not married?Explain.",
"\n\n3.What\nare the two conditions which must be met for lawful participation in sexual\nintimacy?",
"\n\n4.Why\nis communication important in a relationship?",
"\n\n5.List\nsome things in any relationship that hinder communication.",
"\n\n6.Does\nGod ever loose patience as He awaits men to respond\nfavorably to His call?If so, explain\nunder what conditions.",
"\n\n7.List\nsome things that sometimes cause people to harden their hearts against God.",
"\n\n8.What\nare some ways a man can soften his heart to God?",
"\n\n9.List\nsome things that can cause the warmth of friendship to diminish in a marriage.",
"\n\n10.What\nare some identifying marks of friendship?",
"\n\nThe Daughters Of Jerusalem are busybodies.",
"They have no business being interested in the\nShulamite's beloved.",
"The scriptures\ncontain many warnings against nosiness (Proverbs 26:17; 1 Peter 4:15).It is the seedbed of quarrels, strife, and\ngossip.",
"\n\n1 Thessalonians 4:9-12But concerning brotherly love you have no need that I should write to\nyou, for you yourselves are taught by God to love one another; and indeed you\ndo so toward all the brethren who are in all Macedonia.",
"But we urge you, brethren, that you increase\nmore and more; that you also aspire to lead a quiet life, to mind your own business, and to work with your own hands, as we commanded\nyou, that you may walk properly toward those who are outside, and that you may\nlack nothing.",
"\n\n2 Thessalonians 3:11-13For we hear that there are some who walk among you in a disorderly\nmanner, not working at all, but are busybodies.",
"Now those who are such we command and exhort\nthrough our Lord Jesus Christ that they work in quietness and eat their own\nbread.",
"But as for you, brethren, do not\ngrow weary in doing good.",
"\n\n1 Timothy 5:13-14And\nbesides they learn to be idle,\nwandering about from house to house, and not only idle but also gossips and busybodies, saying things which they ought\nnot.",
"Therefore I desire that the younger\nwidows marry, bear children, manage the house, give no opportunity to the\nadversary to speak reproachfully.",
"\n\nJohn 21:17-22He said to\nhim the third time, \"Simon, son of Jonah, do you love Me?\" ",
"Peter was\ngrieved because He said to him the third time, \"Do you love Me?\" ",
"And\nhe said to Him, \"Lord, You know all things; You know that I love\nYou.",
"\"Jesus said to him, \"Feed\nMy sheep.",
"Most assuredly, I say to you,\nwhen you were younger, you girded yourself and walked where you wished; but\nwhen you are old, you will stretch out your hands, and another will gird you\nand carry you where you do not wish.",
"\"This He spoke, signifying by what death he would glorify God.",
"And when He had spoken this, He said to him,\n\"Follow Me.",
"\"Then Peter,\nturning around, saw the disciple whom Jesus loved following, who also had\nleaned on His breast at the supper, and said, \"Lord, who is the one who\nbetrays You?\"Peter, seeing him,\nsaid to Jesus, \"But Lord, what about this man?\"Jesus said to him, \"If I will that he\nremain till I come, what is that to you?You follow Me.\"",
"\n\nRemarkably, in each passage sighted above, the inspired\nwriter presents a connection between meddling and idleness.",
"Look again at John 21.After each time Jesus inquires\nabout Peter's love for Him, He exhorts him to feed His sheep.",
"Peter is agitated that Jesus asks him about\nlove three times but seems oblivious to the fact that He tells him three times\nto get busy doing His work.",
"Note that\nwhen Jesus foretells to Peter the kind of death he would endure, Peter gets\nnosy about his fellow apostle, John.",
"If\nPeter is busy doing what the Lord wants him to do, he will not have time to\nthink about what the Lord is doing with John.",
"Therefore, the Lord admonishes him once more: \"You follow me.\"",
"\n\nNotably, the Song nowhere reveals the vocations of the\nDaughters Of Jerusalem.",
"The Shulamite is\na vinedresser, and The Beloved is a shepherd.",
"Several passages indicate their diligence in work (1:6-8; 2:16; 6:2, 3,\n11).On the other hand, instead of being\nbusy in their own work, the Daughters Of Jerusalem are either running after the\nShulamite (1:4), running after the king (3:11), or running after The Beloved\n(6:1).",
"\n\n~\n\nTHE SHULAMITE:\n\n2 My beloved has\ngone to his garden, To the beds of spices, To feed his flock in the gardens, And to gather lilies.",
"\n\n3I am my beloved's, And my beloved is mine.",
"He feeds his flock among the lilies.",
"\n\nShe sets them straight, reminding them that he is already\nspoken for.",
"She declares that he belongs\nto her and she belongs to him.",
"Conversely, in Genesis 20, Abraham and his wife, Sarah, enter Gerar, but instead of advising the inhabitants that they\nare actually married, out of fear and prejudice, they deceive them with the\npartial truth that they are half siblings.",
"Unaware, Abimelech, king of Gerar, is\nattracted to Sarah to take her as his wife.",
"Consequently, God providentially intervenes and reveals the truth, so\nthe sin is averted.",
"If Abraham would\nhave been forthright about the matter in the first place and trusted God for\nprotection as he should have, the problem would have never occurred.",
"Previously in Song 3, we discussed that we\nshould openly declare to others the relationship we have with our spouse.",
"However, we must first, ourselves, understand\nwhat it means to belong to one another in marriage (1 Corinthians 7:2-5).Guard against unchaste familiarity (Genesis 39:6-12).",
"\n\nIn a spiritual analogy, as Christians, we need to understand\nwhat it means to belong to Christ.",
"This\nknowledge ought to control our every action (Mark 9:41; Romans 8:9-12;\nGalatians 3:26-29; 5:24, 25).",
"\n\n1 Corinthians 6:19-20Or\ndo you not know that your body is the temple of the Holy Spirit who is in you,\nwhom you have from God, and you are not your own?For you were bought at a price; therefore\nglorify God in your body and in your spirit, which are God's.",
"\n\n~\n\nSOLOMON:\n\n4O my love, you\nare as beautiful as Tirzah, Lovely as Jerusalem, Awesome as an army with\nbanners!",
"\n\n5Turn your eyes\naway from me, For they have overcome me. ",
"Your hair is like a flock of goats\nGoing down from Gilead.",
"\n\n6Your teeth are\nlike a flock of sheep Which have come up from the washing; Every one bears\ntwins, And none is barren among them.",
"\n\n7Like a piece of\npomegranate Are your temples behind your veil.",
"\n\n8There are sixty\nqueens And eighty concubines, And virgins without number.",
"\n\n9My dove, my\nperfect one, Is the only one, The only one of her mother, The favorite of the\none who bore her.",
"The daughters saw her\nAnd called her blessed, The queens and the concubines, And they praised her.",
"\n\n10Who is she who\nlooks forth as the morning, Fair as the moon, Clear as the sun, Awesome as an\narmy with banners?",
"\n\nIn Solomon's words, once again, no mention is made of\naffection, tenderness, sharing, devotion, or love toward her.",
"His description is completely carnal,\nearthly, and vain.",
"Solomon uses much of\nthe same terminology to describe her as before, as if unable to find new,\ncreative ways to speak.",
"Sadly, it\nappears that by possessing now 60 wives, Solomon has completely lost the\nability of having a spiritual, intimate, one flesh union with any woman, as God\nwould desire it to be.",
"\n\nThe Shulamite is to Solomon a challenge, a thing to be\nconquered, as an army (vs. 4, 10), and he wants to add this favored woman to\nhis collection.",
"The original Hebrew word\ntranslated \"awesome\" is AYOM {aw-yome'}.The Theological Word Book Of The Old\nTestament (TWOT) indicates this to be from an unused root meaning to\nfrighten.",
"BDB defines this as\n\"terrible, dreadful.",
"\"It is\nfound in the Old Testament scriptures in only three places and is translated\n\"terrible\" in each case in the KJV.The other occurrence is in Habakkuk, where the prophet is describing the\nChaldeans who will come and execute a hostile overtake of the nation of Judah:\n\nHabakkuk 1:5-10Look\namong the nations and watch -- Be utterly astounded!For I will work a work in your days Which you\nwould not believe, though it were told you.",
"For indeed I am raising up the Chaldeans, A bitter and hasty nation\nWhich marches through the breadth of the earth, To possess dwelling places that\nare not theirs.",
"They are terrible [AYOM] and dreadful; Their judgment\nand their dignity proceed from themselves.",
"Their horses also are swifter than leopards, And more fierce than\nevening wolves.",
"Their chargers charge\nahead; Their cavalry comes from afar; They fly as the eagle that hastens to\neat.",
"They all come for violence; Their\nfaces are set like the east wind.",
"They\ngather captives like sand.",
"They scoff at\nkings, And princes are scorned by them.",
"They deride every stronghold, For they heap up earthen mounds and seize\nit.",
"\n\nEven though Solomon's symbolism throughout this passage is\nunexpected in our vernacular, still, it is incredible that Solomon uses such a\nphrase to describe the Shulamite: two times.",
"It would be hard to imagine The Beloved using these terms in reference\nto her.",
"Solomon clearly has issues.",
"He is no doubt astonished that she, brazen\nbefore the king, cannot be moved away from her love of the beloved\nshepherd.",
"Since he thinks of her as an\narmy, then to gain her love would mean to defeat and plunder her.",
"He either conquers her or is himself\ndefeated.",
"Adding her to his array of\nmany wives would be to him as the spoils of war, like silver shields of\ndefeated warriors hanging in his halls.",
"\n\nThe reference to banners in this context is\nsignificant.",
"A banner or a standard is a\nvisible sign or symbol of national loyalty raised high to identify an\narmy.",
"We see the use of such when the\nnation of Israel organizes their military troops in Numbers 2 and 10.Even today, a nation's flag will identify an\noutpost, battalion, or warship.",
"By this,\nan opposing army might know to what degree they ought to fear.",
"Allegorically, Christians are in a spiritual\nmilitary battle against sin (Ephesians 6:10-17), and we ought to prominently\nraise a standard, showing in our lives who we serve and where our allegiance\nlies.",
"\n\nSolomon is evidently assessing what degree of effort might\nbe necessary to be victorious.",
"This is a\nsick way of thinking.",
"A husband ought\nnot view his wife as a conquest trophy but as an equal and a well-suited helper\nby his side.",
"\n\nGenesis 2:18-23And the\nLORD God said, \"It is not good that man should be alone; I will make him a\nhelper comparable to him.",
"\"Out of\nthe ground the LORD God formed every beast of the field and every bird of the\nair, and brought them to Adam to see what he would call them. ",
"And whatever Adam\ncalled each living creature, that was its name.",
"So Adam gave names to all cattle, to the birds of the air, and to every\nbeast of the field.",
"But for Adam there\nwas not found a helper comparable to him.",
"And the LORD God caused a deep sleep to fall on Adam, and he slept; and\nHe took one of his ribs, and closed up the flesh in its place.",
"Then the rib which the LORD God had taken\nfrom man He made into a woman, and He brought her to the man.",
"And Adam said: \"This is now bone of my\nbones And flesh of my flesh; She shall be called Woman, Because she was taken out\nof Man.\"",
"\n\nOften quoted at weddings, Matthew Henry suggests, \"The\nwoman was made of a rib out of the side of Adam; not made out of his head to\nrule over him, nor out of his feet to be trampled upon by him, but out of his\nside to be equal with him, under his arm to be protected, and near his heart to\nbe beloved.\"",
"\n\nThink again about the spiritual analogy to this.",
"Our Lord certainly does not view the church,\nHis bride, as a body of people to be conquered and plundered.",
"He does not make us His by hostile take-over.",
"We are not defeated in dread by His power\n(Hebrews 12:18-24); we surrender in love to His peace (Ephesians 2:4-18; 1\nPeter 2:9, 10; 1 John 4:14-19).Moreover, the Lord does not look down on us who are His disciples with\ncontempt but treats us as if His equal, in a manner of speaking.",
"To explain, we bear His divine likeness\nendowed upon us at creation (Genesis 1:26, 27; Psalm 82:6).Furthermore, Christ came to us in human form:\nas one of us (John 10:33-36; Philippians\n2:1-8).He considers us His\nbrethren (Mark 3:31-35) and if brethren, then fellow heirs (Romans\n8:15-17).He brings us to glory (2\nThessalonians 2:14) and shares with us his throne (Revelation 3:21).If the Lord, the sovereign and majestic ruler\nof the universe, in humility can allow us to be one with Him, then He teaches\nus by example that we certainly ought to be able to treat our fellow man, and\nespecially our spouses, with meekness in like manner.",
"\n\nHebrews 2:6-18…9\nBut we see Jesus, who was made a little lower than the angels, for the\nsuffering of death crowned with glory and honor, that He, by the grace of God,\nmight taste death for everyone. ",
"10 For it was fitting for Him, for\nwhom are all things and by whom are all things, in bringing many sons to glory,\nto make the captain of their salvation perfect through sufferings. ",
"11\nFor both He who sanctifies and those who are being sanctified are all of one,\nfor which reason He is not ashamed to call them brethren, 12 saying:\n\"I will declare Your name to My brethren; In the midst of the assembly I\nwill sing praise to You….\"",
"\n\nJohn 17:6-26 … 20 I do not ask on behalf of these\nalone, but for those also who believe in Me through their word; 21\nthat they may all be one; even as You, Father, are in Me and I in You, that\nthey also may be in Us, so that the world may believe that You sent Me. ",
"22\nThe glory which You have given Me I have given to them, that they may be one,\njust as We are one; 23 I in them and You in Me, that they may be\nperfected in unity, so that the world may know that You sent Me, and loved\nthem, even as You have loved Me. ",
"24 Father, I desire that they also,\nwhom You have given Me, be with Me where I am, so that they may see My glory\nwhich You have given Me, for You loved Me before the foundation of the world….",
"\n\n1 John 2:28 And now, little children, abide in Him, that when He\nappears, we may have confidence and not be ashamed before Him at His coming.",
"\n\n1 John 4:17, 18Love has\nbeen perfected among us in this: that we may have boldness in the day of\njudgment; because as He is, so are we in this world.",
"There is no fear in love; but perfect love\ncasts out fear, because fear involves torment.",
"But he who fears has not been made perfect in love.",
"\n\nJesus explains that those in power in the world lord it over\ntheir subjects, but with God, the greatest is servant of all.",
"\n\nMark 10:42-45But Jesus\ncalled them to Himself and said to them, \"You know that those who are\nconsidered rulers over the Gentiles lord it over them, and their great ones\nexercise authority over them.",
"Yet it\nshall not be so among you; but whoever desires to become great among you shall\nbe your servant.",
"And whoever of you\ndesires to be first shall be slave of all.",
"For even the Son of Man did not come to be served, but to serve, and to\ngive His life a ransom for many.\"",
"\n\nThroughout John's epistles, he explains that God does not\noppressively rule down over those who hold to Him through faith and obedience.",
"\n\n1 John 2:1My little\nchildren, these things I write to you, so that you may not sin.",
"And if anyone sins, we have an Advocate with\nthe Father, Jesus Christ the righteous.",
"\n\nThe word \"advocate\" is translated from PARAKLETOS\n{par-ak'-lay-tos}, meaning\n\"1) summoned, called to one's side, esp. ",
"called to one's aid 1a) one who\npleads another's cause before a judge, a pleader, counsel for defense, legal\nassistant, an advocate…\" (JHT).The\nword depicts Jesus, not as a tyrant down over us, but as a close friend by our\nside, shoulder-to-shoulder, supporting and consoling us.",
"\n\n~\n\nTHE SHULAMITE:\n\n11I went down to\nthe garden of nuts To see the verdure of the valley, To see whether the vine\nhad budded And the pomegranates had bloomed.",
"\n\n12Before I was\neven aware, My soul had made me As the chariots of my noble people.",
"\n\nAfter having withstood Solomon's outrageous and audacious\nwords, it seems that, as she was tending her garden, she found from within her\nheart a new strengthening of character.",
"\"Noble people\" is from the original \"Amminadib\"\n(KJV), which means one who is known for the swiftness of his chariots.",
"Perhaps the idea is that if we imagine\nourselves strong in character and think noble thoughts, we can more readily\nbecome of strong, noble character in actuality.",
"The attitude of the heart will affect the actions in the body.",
"We will discuss the boldness of the righteous\nfurther in chapter seven.",
"\n\nPhilippians 4:8Finally,\nbrethren, whatever things are true, whatever things are noble, whatever things\nare just, whatever things are pure, whatever things are lovely, whatever things\nare of good report, if there is any virtue and if there is anything\npraiseworthy -- meditate on these things.",
"\n\nIn fact, the apostle Paul affirms that it is the very trials\nand challenges we face in life that produce godly character in us through\nChrist.",
"\n\nRomans 5:1-5…And not\nonly that, but we also glory in tribulations, knowing that tribulation produces\nperseverance; and perseverance, character; and character, hope….",
"\n\nTHE BELOVED'S COMPANIONS:\n\n13Return,\nreturn, O Shulamite; Return, return, that we may look upon you!",
"\n\nTHE BELOVED:\n\nWhat would you see in the Shulamite -- As it were, the\ndance of the two camps?",
"\n\nThe beloved's companions (or sons, as opposed to daughters,\nof Jerusalem) are considered to be the speakers in the first part of this\nverse.",
"The daughters are the only other\ncharacter in plural, and nowhere else in the dialog are they heard expressing a\ndesire to look upon the Shulamite.",
"\n\nThe dance of the two camps, or company of two armies (KJV),\nor Mahanaim (ASV), was perhaps a folk dance using two\nparty groups that would come together and then separate.",
"The origin of the dance is possibly a\nreenactment of one of David's victorious battles, found in 2 Samuel 2:12-17.It seems that little more than supposition is\nknown about this dance.",
"The notion of\nhow it applies here therefore varies greatly among scholars.",
"Besides, we must assume by opinion and\nconjecture even the one who is speaking here in the first place, so this is no\nplace for dogmatism.",
"Some consider the\nsecond part of this verse to be the words of the Shulamite, speaking of herself\nin the third person.",
"Even if it were, we\nwould probably not be able to derive a meaning any different than if it were\nspoken by some other character.",
"At any\nrate, this writer thinks it more reasonable that this is spoken by The Beloved\nto his companions.",
"\n\nThere is no reason to assume this was a provocative dance\nnor that their motive was to lust.",
"Even\nif it were the case, a woman of the character described would not put it to\nopen display for such men.",
"Though the\nquestion is rhetorical, the answer is suggested anyway.",
"Whatever the case, perhaps he is stating in\npoetic metaphor that they might not see what they think they would see, but a\nvision of grace and strength, modesty and honor (1 Timothy 2:9, 10).",
"\n\nQuestions And Thoughts For Discussion And Review, Chapter Six\n\n1.What\nis the best way to safeguard against becoming a busybody?",
"\n\n2.What\nare some other sins into which meddling will lead us?",
"\n\n3.List\nas many attributes of husbands and wives belonging to one another as comes to\nmind as revealed in scripture.",
"\n\n4.Be\nprepared to explain and discuss the application of these attributes to our\nrelationship with Christ as Christians in His church.",
"\n\n5.Explain\nhow polygamy would contradict God's original purpose of unity in marriage.",
"\n\n6.In\nthe expanded context of Ephesians 4 and 5, what effect would polygamy have on\nthe analogy of the church as the bride of Christ?",
"\n\n7.Of\nwhat scriptural significance is the fact that God made Eve from one of the ribs\nin Adam's side?",
"\n\n8.What\nplace does terror and dread have in a marriage?What place does it have in a Christian's relationship with God?",
"\n\nThe dialog here is again attributed to Solomon, due to\nreferences to royalty (vs. 1, 5), towers (suggesting military power, v 4), and purple\nfabrics (v 5).Moreover, Solomon had\nemployed many cunning workmen (KJV, vs. 1) in the construction of the temple\nand his palace, to which he now refers (2 Chronicles 2:7-18).Again, love is not actually mentioned here,\nnor is devotion, caring, sharing, affection, or tenderness.",
"Solomon praises only her physical beauty with\nsimilar language as before.",
"Furthermore,\nhe is accustomed to taking whatever he wants: all the best things for\nhimself.",
"He seems to have every\nintention of making her one of his own to his personal delight, almost as it\nwere by force.",
"\n\nThe Shulamite frequently says, \"I am my beloved's, and my beloved is mine\" (2:16; 6:3; 7:10).In this, there is a clear indication of a\nmutual belonging, but Solomon's words here suggest a more aggressive,\ncontrolling, possessive, and domineering attitude.",
"This stands in direct contrast to the spirit\nof meekness God expects of us.",
"Married\ncouples ought not treat each other like a possession but as a partner.",
"\n\nEphesians 4:1, 2I,\ntherefore, the prisoner of the Lord, beseech you to walk worthy of the calling\nwith which you were called, with all lowliness and gentleness, with\nlongsuffering, bearing with one another in love,…\n\nTitus 3:1-3Remind them\nto be subject to rulers and authorities, to obey, to be ready for every good\nwork, to speak evil of no one, to be peaceable, gentle, showing all humility to\nall men.",
"For we ourselves were also once\nfoolish, disobedient, deceived, serving various lusts and pleasures, living in\nmalice and envy, hateful and hating one another.",
"\n\nSolomon married many women from other nations to gain\npolitical alliances.(Kings don't\nnormally go to war with their kin).Aside from the fact that these marriages were contrary to God's law for\nIsrael (Deuteronomy 7:3, 4), they were not for the God-ordained purpose of\ncompanionship but for self advancement.",
"Correspondingly, Solomon's expressions in\nthese verses betray that he has not her best interest at heart but his own\ndesires.",
"\n\nDeuteronomy 17:14-20\"When you come to the land which the LORD your God is giving you,\nand possess it and dwell in it, and say, 'I will set a king over me like all\nthe nations that are around me,' 15 you shall surely set a king over\nyou whom the LORD your God chooses; one from among your brethren you shall set\nas king over you; you may not set a foreigner over you, who is not your\nbrother. ",
"16 But he shall not multiply horses for himself, nor cause\nthe people to return to Egypt to multiply horses, for the LORD has said to you,\n'You shall not return that way again.' ",
"17 Neither shall he multiply\nwives for himself, lest his heart turn away; nor shall he greatly multiply\nsilver and gold for himself. ",
"18 Also it shall be, when he sits on\nthe throne of his kingdom, that he shall write for himself a copy of this law\nin a book, from the one before the priests, the Levites. ",
"19 And it\nshall be with him, and he shall read it all the days of his life, that he may\nlearn to fear the LORD his God and be careful to observe all the words of this\nlaw and these statutes, 20 that his heart may not be lifted above\nhis brethren, that he may not turn aside from the commandment to the right hand\nor to the left, and that he may prolong his days in his kingdom, he and his\nchildren in the midst of Israel.",
"\n\n~\n\nTHE SHULAMITE TO SOLOMON:\n\nThe wine goes down smoothly for my beloved, Moving\ngently the lips of sleepers.",
"\n\nAs if to say, \"That is enough,\" she interrupts\nSolomon and affirms to him that she is quite spoken for by someone else.",
"The wine is not for Solomon's lips but\n\"for my beloved,\" she says.",
"In\nthe Septuagint, the word for \"awesome\" (or \"terrible,\" KJV)\nin Song 6:4, 10 is THAMBOS {tham'-bos},\nwhich Friberg defines, \"as an emotion in which awe and fear are\nmingled.",
"\"However, Thayer expresses\nit also as \"1) to render immovable….\"The Shulamite's resistance to Solomon's advances stops him dead in his\ntracks.",
"Spouses must understand the need\nto call for a stop to the inappropriate approaches of others.",
"A double-minded man will think he is being\nloyal to his wife while at the same time relishing the inappropriate attention\nof another woman.",
"This is a\nmanifestation of unfaithfulness in a type, even if no fornication is actually\ncommitted.",
"\n\nIn a spiritual analogy, James applies this in our\nrelationship with Christ.",
"\n\nJames 4:7, 8Therefore\nsubmit to God.",
"Resist the devil and he\nwill flee from you.",
"Draw near to God and\nHe will draw near to you.",
"Cleanse your\nhands, you sinners; and purify your hearts, you double-minded.",
"\n\nIn verse 4, James makes the clear comparison to a marriage\nrelationship, characterizing a false allegiance as spiritual adultery.",
"As the Shulamite is single-mindedly devoted\nto her Beloved, so also Christians, members of the bride of Christ, ought to be\nsingle-mindedly devoted to the Lord, not welcoming but resisting Satan's\nenticements (Matthew 6:24).Review\nJoshua 23:1-13 and observe how Joshua, nearing the end of his life, admonishes\nthe nation of Israel to remain steadfast, not turning to the right or to the\nleft but holding their ground against the lure of idolatry.",
"Doing so, no other nation will be able to\nstand against them.",
"The scriptures are\nfilled with many exhortations for us to stand firm against temptation (Psalm\n112; 1 Corinthians 11:2; 16:13; Ephesians 6:11-14; Philippians 4:1; Colossians\n1:21-23; 1 Thessalonians 3:8; 2 Thessalonians 2:15; Hebrews 3:5-19).",
"\n\n1 Corinthians 15:57, 58But thanks be to God, who gives us the victory through our Lord Jesus\nChrist.",
"Therefore, my beloved brethren,\nbe steadfast, immovable, always abounding in the work of the Lord, knowing that\nyour labor is not in vain in the Lord.",
"\n\n1 Peter 5:8, 9Be sober,\nbe vigilant; because your adversary the devil walks about like a roaring lion,\nseeking whom he may devour.",
"Resist him,\nsteadfast in the faith, knowing that the same sufferings are experienced by\nyour brotherhood in the world.",
"\n\nRighteousness makes one bold (Proverbs 28:1, Ephesians\n3:12), even before kings.",
"This is why\nthe Shulamite has no fear to stand in opposition to king Solomon.",
"Likewise, God declares to the prophet Ezekiel\nthat He will cause him to stand firm as he preaches to the rebellious nation of\nIsrael.",
"Review the words of the Lord in\nEzekiel chapters 2 and 3.As long as the\nword of God was dwelling within the prophet, he was given the boldness even to\nstand before the king of Egypt (Ezekiel 29, 31).This same assurance is for the New Testament\napostles as well as for the faithful today who endeavor to stand for truth.",
"\n\nLuke 21:12-19\"But\nbefore all these things, they will lay their hands on you and will persecute\nyou, delivering you to the synagogues and prisons, bringing you before kings\nand governors for My name's sake.",
"It\nwill lead to an opportunity for your testimony.",
"So make up your minds not to prepare beforehand to defend yourselves;\nfor I will give you utterance and wisdom which none of your opponents will be\nable to resist or refute.",
"But you will\nbe betrayed even by parents and brothers and relatives and friends, and they\nwill put some of you to death, and you will be hated by all because of My\nname.",
"Yet not a hair of your head will\nperish.",
"By your endurance you will gain\nyour lives.\"",
"\n\nPhilippians 1:27, 28Only\nconduct yourselves in a manner worthy of the gospel of Christ, so that whether\nI come and see you or remain absent, I will hear of you that you are standing\nfirm in one spirit, with one mind striving together for the faith of the\ngospel; in no way alarmed by your opponents -- which is a sign of destruction\nfor them, but of salvation for you, and that too, from God.",
"\n\nIn verse 9 of our context, \"moving gently the lips of\nsleepers\" is a poetic way of saying one is talking in their sleep.",
"Love's influence can make you do that, as\nexpressed in a quirky song from \"Guys And Dolls,\" a 1950 musical\nplay: \"I love you… a barrel and a heap, and I'm talkin'\nin my sleep about you.",
"\"Couples\nthat are faithful to one another never have to worry about things they might\nunwittingly say in their sleep.",
"\n\n~\n\nTHE SHULAMITE TO HER BELOVED:\n\n11Come, my\nbeloved, Let us go forth to the field; Let us lodge in the villages.",
"\n\n12Let us get up\nearly to the vineyards; Let us see if the vine has budded, Whether the grape blossoms are open, And the pomegranates are in\nbloom.",
"There I will give you my love.",
"\n\n13The mandrakes give\noff a fragrance, And at our gates are pleasant\nfruits, All manner, new and\nold, Which I have laid up for you, my beloved.",
"\n\nThe language here is understood to be figurative.",
"Although partaking in literal fruits of the field\nis applicable to a point, something more is inferred by the statement, \"I\nwill give you my love.",
"\"Mandrakes\nare a Mediterranean herb of the nightshade family, which we will further\ndiscuss in the next chapter.",
"\n\nThe words are here assumed to be spoken by the Shulamite to\nher Beloved, as they flow seamlessly into the first part of chapter 8, which is\nclearly from a feminine perspective.",
"In\nstark contrast to Solomon's words, she does not merely revel in his physical\nbeauty.",
"Instead, she and her Beloved\nenjoy going places and doing things together.",
"A spouse ought to be much more than a mere object of occasional physical\ngratification but a companion who shares and fulfills every facet of life's\nexperiences.",
"We covered this more deeply\nin previous chapters where we discussed closeness, compatibility, involvement,\nand friendship in a one flesh relationship.",
"\n\nThe Shulamite has gone through the trial of Solomon's\nadvances, but this trial has made her affection for her Beloved all the\nstronger.",
"The fruits \"laid up for\nyou\" are stored, saved, waiting for the proper time, yet to be\ndiscovered.",
"These \"pleasant\nfruits\" are not laid up if they are rushed upon without hesitation.",
"The proper time is not until the vine buds\nhave opened, which is a poetic way of expressing that the time for sexual\nintimacy is not until after marriage.",
"We\ndiscussed this more fully in chapter 4.The time has now arrived.",
"\n\nNote again the difference between these words and those of\nSolomon.",
"The \"pleasant fruit\"\nwas a thing he intended take for himself, as by climbing and over-powering a\npalm tree, taking hold of its branches and its clusters (verse 8).In contrast, sexual intimacy is shown here as\na thing given to another, not taken from another.",
"\n\n1 Corinthians 7:2-5Nevertheless, because of sexual immorality, let each man have his own\nwife, and let each woman have her own husband.",
"Let the husband render to his wife the affection due her, and likewise\nalso the wife to her husband.",
"The wife\ndoes not have authority over her own body, but the husband does.",
"And likewise the husband does not have\nauthority over his own body, but the wife does.",
"Do not deprive one another except with consent for a time, that you may\ngive yourselves to fasting and prayer; and come together again so that Satan\ndoes not tempt you because of your lack of self-control.",
"\n\nQuestions And Thoughts For Discussion And Review, Chapter\nSeven\n\n1.List\nsome behavior by which the problem of domination and possessiveness might be\ndemonstrated in a marriage.",
"\n\n2.For\nwhat reasons did Solomon marry his many wives?",
"\n\n3.Explain\nthe difference in the way a business partner and a subordinate is typically\ntreated in everyday affairs.",
"\n\n4.How\ndoes this apply to the way husbands and wives ought to behave toward each\nother?",
"\n\n5.Is\nit wholesome for a husband to welcome and relish the inappropriate attention of\nanother woman, as long as no fornication is committed?",
"\n\n6.If\na husband favorably receives such inappropriate attention from another woman,\ndoes his wife have a right to divorce him?",
"\n\n7.Does\na godly wife or a husband have the right or responsibility to stop the\ninappropriate attention from another man or woman?If so, when and why?",
"\n\n8.Why\nare evil men wary even when no one is challenging them?",
"\n\n9.What\npromise does God give those who preach and defend the gospel in truth?",
"\n\n10.What\nmore than sexual fulfillment ought to be shared in a one flesh marriage\nrelationship?",
"\n\nThe phrase \"Do not stir up nor awaken love Until it\npleases\" (v 4) is a repeating\nrefrain occurring in 2:7; 3:5, and 8:4.In each case, \"stir up\"\nand \"awaken\" are from the exact same original Hebrew word, except that\nthe first is in the verb form meaning to cause to be aroused, and the second is\nan intentionally intensified or extended form of the verb.",
"She has waited for this awakening of the\n\"north wind\" (4:16) \"Until it pleases,\" that is, for the\nproper time in marriage, as we discussed at length in chapter 4.Their separation is over at last.",
"\n\nCloseness and tenderness are expressed in these verses\nagain.",
"The people see them together and\nobserve their closeness.",
"Verse one above\nwas specifically cited when we earlier examined Song 4:8-11 where The Beloved\nspeaks of the Shulamite as his \"sister.",
"\"This indicates the closeness the pair desires\nto share with each other, the same as would be with natural family members.",
"When we previously discussed Song 5:16, we\ndeveloped the stages of love between a man and a woman, as portrayed in Greek\nwords.(Please refer again to\ndiscussions in chapter one for definitions of these terms):\n\n·AGAPE: rational love, of the mind, as toward\nstrangers\n\n·PHILIA: emotional love, of the heart, as with\nfriends\n\n·EROS: physical love, of the body, as between\nspouses\n\n·STORGE: natural love, of family, as among\nchildren and parents.",
"\n\nNote that family love is the logical end of this progress. ",
"In\nmarriage, a new family is formed.",
"Let us\nnow consider further this aspect of family.",
"\n\nTHE BELOVED:\n\nI awakened you under the apple tree.",
"There your mother brought you forth; There\nshe who bore you brought you forth.",
"\n\nIf we maintain a figurative application of these words, as in\nthe last verses of chapter 7, then we conclude that this awakening is not from\nliteral sleep and that the Shulamite was not literally born under an apple\ntree.",
"It rather seems reasonable that\nthis awakening is the beginning of sharing sexual intimacy in marriage,\npoetically expressed as the blowing of the north wind (4:16), eating the honey\nwith the honeycomb, drinking the wine with the milk (5:1), and partaking of the\nfruits laid up (7:13) when it pleases (8:4).This being the case, we need to understand the significance of the\nreference to the time and place of her birth in the same context.",
"Insight to this will possibly come by\nobserving the connection between marriage and childbearing revealed by the Holy\nSpirit in scripture and in the culture of early biblical times.",
"\n\nThe time and place of one's birth was considered\nimportant.",
"Birthdays were celebrated\n(Genesis 40:20; Matthew 14:6), and a person's name frequently indicated their\nplace of birth (Matthew 26:14; 28:1).Likewise today, birthdays and wedding anniversaries are the days we most\ncommonly commemorate.",
"A day or place\nthat is special to a wife becomes also special to her husband through their one\nflesh bond.",
"Moreover, in ancient times,\nchildren were born not in hospitals but in homes: in the same place they were\nconceived.",
"Every Jewish household\ndesired many children (Genesis 24:60).To have none was considered a curse, as the family genealogy would end\n(2 Samuel 14:7).Mothers were described\nin simile as a fruitful vine and offspring as olive trees (Psalm 128:3).Incidentally, the roots of the mandrake,\nmentioned in Song 7:13, were thought to help produce fertility in barren women\n(Genesis 30:14-16).",
"\n\nThe application is perhaps this: the apple tree represents\nthe marriage institution through which God ordains both that sexual privileges\nare to be shared (1 Corinthians 7:2) and that children are to be produced (1\nCorinthians 7:14).When Jesus is\nquestioned about divorce, He quotes from Genesis 1:27 and 2:24:\n\nMatthew 19:4, 5And He\nanswered and said to them, \"Have you not read that He who made them at the\nbeginning 'made them male and female,' and said, 'For this reason a man shall\nleave his father and mother and be joined to his wife, and the two shall become\none flesh'?",
"\n\nOmitted from Jesus' quote is Genesis 1:28, since it has no\nbearing on the divorce question.",
"However, it does have bearing on our discussion here.",
"The text states:\n\nGenesis 1:27, 28God\ncreated man in His own image, in the image of God He created him; male and\nfemale He created them.",
"God blessed\nthem; and God said to them, \"Be fruitful and multiply, and fill the\nearth….\"",
"\n\nA homosexual marriage, which some people today are\nshamefully lobbying to make legal in the United States, flies in the face of\nthe divine plan for procreation.",
"Homosexuality is not viable in principle for a self-regenerating family\nunit and is therefore contrary to the will of God and furthermore sinful.",
"Many people today will think this is bigoted\nor narrow-minded, but it is nothing more than what the Bible says.",
"The true problem lies with those who are not\nwilling to surrender their own desires to the will of Jehovah God revealed in\nscripture.",
"\n\nIn a spiritual analogy, the church is the family of God\n(Ephesians 2:12-22).Note that we cannot\nactually bear fruit for God unless we are by faith in His family, the church,\nbearing His name as His bride (Ephesians 3:8-21; in John 15:4, 5 the metaphor\nis a vine, not a bride).No matter how\nmuch good we may think we are accomplishing in life, if it does not bring glory\nto the church, it benefits us nothing.",
"If we claim to be one with Christ, then the things that are special to\nHim ought to be special to us.",
"Christ\ndied for His bride; that makes it special (Ephesians 5:25-27).Christ and His bride, the church, are\nindivisible; we must not deceive ourselves into thinking we can honor God apart\nfrom His church.",
"As God has ordained\nmarriage as the institution through which children are to be born, then so is\nthe Lord's church through which Christians are born (Colossians 1:18; 1 Timothy\n3:15; Hebrews 12:22, 23).",
"\n\n2 Peter 1:5-8But also\nfor this very reason, giving all diligence, add to your faith virtue, to virtue\nknowledge, 6 to knowledge self-control, to self-control\nperseverance, to perseverance godliness, 7 to godliness brotherly\nkindness, and to brotherly kindness love. ",
"8 For if these things are\nyours and abound, you will be neither barren nor unfruitful in the knowledge of\nour Lord Jesus Christ.",
"\n\n~\n\n6Set me as a\nseal upon your heart, As a seal upon your arm; For love is as strong as death,\nJealousy as cruel as the grave; Its flames are flames of fire, A most vehement\nflame.",
"\n\n7Many waters\ncannot quench love, Nor can the floods drown it.",
"If a man would give for love All the wealth\nof his house, It would be utterly despised.",
"\n\nAs in Greek, Hebrew also has two words for\n\"man.",
"\"One is gender-specific\n(a male), 'IYSH {eesh} (Genesis 2:24); the other is\nnon-gender-specific (a human being), 'ADAM {aw-dawm'}\n(Genesis 1:27).The word in verse 7 is\ngender-specific, so the continuing dialog here is attributed to The Beloved.",
"\n\nA seal finalizes and authenticates a matter by the\nimpression stamped (Nehemiah 9:38; 10:1; Matthew 27:66; Revelation 5:1).An edict sealed by the king could not be\nchanged or revoked (Esther 3:12; 8:8, 10).",
"\n\nIn chapter 3 we discussed briefly the subject of jealousy\nand envy, noting that there are possible wholesome and unwholesome senses of\nboth.",
"Jealousy and envy involve fervent\ndesire.",
"The wrong kind of envy is a\ndesire to deprive someone of something that is rightfully theirs (Acts\n7:9).The wrong kind of jealousy is an\ninordinate desire for the same thing as another (2 Corinthians 12:20).However, the right kind of envy is as God\ndesires that we take away our loyalty to Satan and give it to Him who\nrightfully deserves it (James 4:5).The\nright kind of jealousy is a zealous desire for some good thing (Galatians\n4:18).",
"\n\nExamining verse 6 of our context, we contemplate whether the\njealousy mentioned is the righteous or the unrighteous kind.",
"The original Hebrew word here is QIN'AH\n{kin-aw'}, and the BDB definition reveals both the wholesome and unwholesome\nsenses: \"1) ardour, zeal, jealousy 1a) ardour, jealousy, jealous disposition (of husband) 1a1)\nsexual passion 1b) ardour of zeal (of religious zeal)\n1b1) of men for God 1b2) of men for the house of God 1b3) of God for his people\n1c) ardour of anger 1c1) of men against adversaries\n1c2) of God against men 1d) envy (of man) 1e) jealousy (resulting in the wrath\nof God).\"Hermeneutical methods\nindicate that we should look for the context to reveal the sense when a word\nhas multiple meanings.",
"However, closer\nexamination will show that this is still not easily deciphered.",
"\n\nOur inclination might be to consider this jealousy the\nunrighteous kind, since cruelty, the grave, and vehement flames are the\nadditional NKJ descriptors.",
"It is true\nthat the wrong kind of jealousy in a marriage leads to cruelty, however, the\nword \"cruel\" is translated from QASHEH {kaw-sheh'}\nmeaning \"1) hard, cruel, severe, obstinate 1a) …difficult 1b) … 1c)\nfierce, intense, vehement 1d) stubborn,… stiff-necked 1e) rigorous (of\nbattle)\" (BDB), hence rendered \"severe\" in the NAB.Simply because we have an arduous or passionate\ndesire about something or someone does not necessarily mean it is wrong.",
"Moreover, the phrase \"a most vehement\nflame\" is from SHALHEBETH {shal-heh'-beth}, which is derived from LAHAB {lah'-hab} meaning \"1) flame, blade 1a) flame 1b) of\nflashing point of spear or blade of sword\" (BDB).This word or the kindred form appears only 13\ntimes in the Old Testament and most frequently indicates the righteous\nindignation of God (Isaiah 29:6; 30:30; 66:15).Thus the NAB here renders it, \"The very flame of the LORD.\"",
"\n\nIf the unwholesome kind jealousy is assumed here, consider\nwhat might be the implications.",
"For\nexample, this jealousy can occur when one spouse is displeased that the other\nenjoys success or the rightful appreciation of others.",
"If the jealous spouse assumes the other will\nuse those benefits against him, he might then begin invoking doubt in their\nrelationship.",
"He might also work to\ndeprive his wife of those benefits by making unfair accusations of\nunfaithfulness.",
"This behavior is\nobstinate and cruel and will generate heated disputations and misery.",
"This kind of jealousy is founded upon a lack\nof trust.",
"It is a marriage killer, and\nit has no place in a godly relationship (Galatians 5:19-21).Though these important lessons are true and\nin harmony with scripture, they might not be the best explanation for the\nverse.",
"\n\nInstead, perhaps it better fits the context to consider this\nto be the wholesome kind of jealousy.",
"In\nthis case, we conclude that this kind of love is full of zeal, unyielding, and\npersistent; it endures every trial.",
"This\nattribute tenaciously keeps a marriage strong and even makes it stronger\nthrough the most severe adversities in health or prosperity that a couple can\nexperience in life.",
"Here is the power of\ntrue, pure, and changeless love which cannot be bought or sold at any price: a\nflame which no circumstance or outside influence can extinguish, not even the\ngrave itself.",
"\n\nConsider the spiritual analogy that applies here.",
"As Christians, members of the bride of\nChrist, we ought to be on fire for the Lord, magnifying His name openly with\nthe gospel message burning within us.",
"When we hear others speaking irreverently of God, we should be filled\nwith righteous indignation and be prepared to speak out in His defense.",
"\n\nJeremiah 20:7-9O LORD,\nYou induced me, and I was persuaded; You are stronger than I, and have\nprevailed.",
"I am in derision daily;\nEveryone mocks me. ",
"8 For when I spoke, I cried out; I shouted,\n\"Violence and plunder!\"Because the word of the LORD was made to me A reproach and a derision\ndaily. ",
"9 Then I said, \"I will not make mention of Him, Nor\nspeak anymore in His name.\" ",
"But His word was in my heart like a burning\nfire Shut up in my bones; I was weary of holding it back, And I could not.",
"\n\nTitus 2:13, 14looking\nfor the blessed hope and glorious appearing of our great God and Savior Jesus\nChrist, 14 who gave Himself for us, that He might redeem us from\nevery lawless deed and purify for Himself His own special people, zealous for\ngood works.",
"\n\nThe word translated \"zealous\" above is from\nZELOTES {dzay-lo-tace'}\nmeaning \"1) one burning with zeal, a zealot 2) used of God as jealous of\nany rival and sternly vindicating his control 3) most eagerly desirous of,\nzealous for, a thing 3a) to acquire a thing, (zealous of) 3b) to defend and\nuphold athing, vehemently contending\nfor a thing\" (JHT).This is the\nword which in the Septuagint translates QIN'AH mentioned earlier.",
"Such zeal will preclude us from ever selling\nout our allegiance to God to any man or any thing at\nany cost, no matter what our situation might be, even if death is the\nresult.",
"Doing this, the Lord places His\nseal upon us.",
"\n\n2 Corinthians 11:2For I\nam jealous for you with godly jealousy.",
"For I have betrothed you to one husband, that I may present you as a\nchaste virgin to Christ.",
"\n\nEphesians 1:13, 14In Him\nyou also trusted, after you heard the word of truth, the gospel of your\nsalvation; in whom also, having believed, you were sealed with the Holy Spirit\nof promise, 14 who is the guarantee of our inheritance until the\nredemption of the purchased possession, to the praise of His glory.",
"\n\n2 Timothy 2:19Nevertheless the solid foundation of God stands, having this seal:\n\"The Lord knows those who are His,\" and, \"Let everyone who names\nthe name of Christ depart from iniquity.\"",
"\n\n~\n\nHER BROTHERS:\n\n8We have a little\nsister, And she has no breasts.",
"What\nshall we do for our sister In the day when she is spoken for?",
"\n\n9If she is a wall, We will build upon her A\nbattlement of silver; And if she is a\ndoor, We will enclose her With boards of cedar.",
"\n\nHer brothers note that there are two kinds of girls: a wall\nand a door.",
"A wall is not easily\ntraversed.",
"This is a girl who knows how\nto possess herself and guards against those who would trample the garden (Song\n4:12).Comparitively,\na door is easily entered. ",
"This is a\nloose, promiscuous woman, not waiting or saving herself to share with just one\nman.",
"The brothers are protective and\nstill think of her as an innocent child.",
"\n\nTHE SHULAMITE:\n\n10I am a wall, And my breasts like\ntowers; Then I became in his eyes As one who found peace.",
"\n\nShe is a wall or a fortress.",
"The reference to towers more likely indicates a stronghold rather than\nphysical endowment.",
"She knows how to\npossess herself in honor, taking care of her vineyard (1Thessalonians 4:3-7).",
"\n\n1 Corinthians 6:12, 13All things are lawful for me, but all things are not helpful. ",
"All things\nare lawful for me, but I will not be brought under the power of any. ",
"13\nFoods for the stomach and the stomach for foods, but God will destroy both it\nand them. ",
"Now the body is not for sexual immorality but for the Lord, and the\nLord for the body.",
"\n\n2 Timothy 3:2-6For men\nwill be lovers of themselves, lovers of money, boasters, proud, blasphemers,\ndisobedient to parents, unthankful, unholy, 3 unloving, unforgiving,\nslanderers, without self-control, brutal, despisers of good, 4\ntraitors, headstrong, haughty, lovers of pleasure rather than lovers of God, 5\nhaving a form of godliness but denying its power. ",
"And from such people turn\naway! ",
"6 For of this sort are those who creep into households and\nmake captives of gullible women loaded down with sins, led away by various\nlusts.",
"\n\nHonor and purity generates trust in a marriage.",
"The peace the Shulamite finds is in the eyes\nof her beloved.",
"In his estimation of her\ncharacter, he knows he can trust that she will always reject Solomon's\nadvances.",
"Her peace comes by knowing\nthat he never doubts her faithfulness to him.",
"\n\nAllegorically, when we come to realize Christ's love\ndemonstrated in its highest degree, we truly know peace, joy, happiness, hope,\nand trust (Romans 5:1-12; Ephesians 5:25-29).Though we, for our part, might forsake the Lord, one thing we know with\ncertainty: if we are true to Him, He will never forsake us (2 Corinthians 4:9).",
"\n\nHebrews 13:5, 20, 21Let\nyour conduct be without covetousness; be content with such things as you have.",
"\nFor He Himself has said, \"I will never leave you nor forsake\nyou.\"…",
"20 Now may the\nGod of peace who brought up our Lord Jesus from the dead, that great Shepherd\nof the sheep, through the blood of the everlasting covenant, 21 make\nyou complete in every good work to do His will, working in you what is well\npleasing in His sight, through Jesus Christ, to whom be glory forever and\never.",
"Amen.",
"\n\nNARRATOR:\n\n11Solomon had a\nvineyard at Baal Hamon; He leased the vineyard to\nkeepers; Everyone was to bring for its fruit A thousand silver coins.",
"\n\nTHE SHULAMITE, TO SOLOMON:\n\n12My own\nvineyard is before me.",
"You, O Solomon, may have a thousand, And those who tend its fruit two hundred.",
"\n\nThe maiden recognizes that Solomon has acquired his fill of\nvineyards as his heart desires, but she affirms that hers will not be one of\nhis.",
"In his quest for happiness, an\nintimate and exclusive relationship with a soul-mate has eluded him.",
"The keepers are Solomon's wives, each one bringing\na dowry, a payment required to become his wife.",
"The 1000 silver pieces are almost prophetic, as Solomon ultimately had\n700 wives and 300 concubines (1 Kings 11:3).",
"\n\nKJV:King James Version (1611)\nASVAmerican Standard Version (1901)\nNKJ:New King James Version (1982)\nNAB:New American Standard Bible\n(1977, 1995)\nESV:English Standard Version (2001)\nNET:New English Translation (2005)"
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[
"Edward Daniel Leahy\n\nEdward Daniel Leahy (1797 – 9 February 1875) was an Irish portrait and subject painter. ",
"He was trained in Dublin, where he began his career before establishing himself in London.",
"\n\nBiography\nAccording to Walter Strickland's Dictionary of Irish Artists (1913), Leahy was born in London, son of Daniel Leahy of Dublin, whose family were originally from Cork. ",
" An article published in the Cork Examiner in the mid-1840s, however, describes the artist as a \"Cork man\", adding that \"we hope he will remain sufficiently long amongst us to enable his fellow-citizens to take advantage of this, his first visit for many years to his native city\".",
"\n\nHe studied at the Dublin Society's School, where he won several prizes between 1811 and 1814. ",
"He exhibited two portraits at the Hibernian Society of Artists in 1815, as well as a self-portrait and a \"Portrait of a Gentleman\" in the Dublin Society's premises in Hawkins Street. ",
"He was then living at No. ",
"2 Fleet Street, Dublin. ",
"In 1816, having moved to Anglesea Street, he submitted four portraits, including one of himself, to the exhibition in Hawkins Street and was awarded a premium by the Irish Institute. ",
"He exhibited three works in 1817, and shortly afterwards moved to London, where he established himself as a portrait and subject painter.",
"\n\nHe first showed at the Royal Academy in London in 1820, making his debut with a portrait of Mrs. Yates in the role of Meg Merrilies. ",
"He became a frequent exhibitor of portraits and historical subjects, both at the Academy and at the British Institution. ",
"Prince Augustus Frederick, Duke of Sussex and the Marquess of Bristol sat to him, as did various prominent Irishmen including the Earl of Rosse, Richard Lalor Sheil MP, Sir Matthew Tierney M.D. and William Cuming, president of the Royal Hibernian Academy, whose portrait Leahy later presented to the R.H.A. . ",
" His subject pictures included The Battle of the Nile and The Battle of Trafalgar (1825); Mary Stuart's Farewell to France, (1826, engraved); Jacques and the Wounded Stag (1830); Escape of Mary Queen of Scots from Loch Leven Castle, (1837, painted for Lord Egremont) and Lady Jane Grey summoned to Execution (1844). ",
"His Catching the Expression, shown in 1824, depicted, according to one review, Leahy and Edwin Landseer together in a studio.",
"\n\nFollowing the death of the Royal Academician William Owen in 1825, Leahy completed many of his unfinished portraits.",
"\n\nDespite his move to England, Leahy continued to exhibit in Dublin occasionally until 1846, sometimes showing works that had been seen in London some years earlier. ",
" When his Mary Queen of Scots' Farewell to France was shown in 1842 it was purchased by the Royal Irish Art Union. ",
"During a visit to Cork in 1846, Leahy painted a portrait of Father Mathew, the \"Apostle of Temperance\", in connection with a commission from Dwarkanath Tagore. ",
"It is now in the National Portrait Gallery, London.",
"\n\nBetween 1837 and 1843 Leahy lived in Italy, and while in Rome painted a portrait of the sculptor John Gibson, RA. ",
"After his return to England he exhibited a few Italian subjects, showing at the Academy for the last time in 1863. ",
"He died at Brighton on 9 February 1875.",
"\n\nGallery\n\nReferences\n\nSources\nAttribution\n\nExternal links\n\nCategory:1797 births\nCategory:1875 deaths\nCategory:19th-century Irish painters\nCategory:Irish male painters\nCategory:Irish portrait painters\nCategory:Painters from London\nCategory:19th-century male artists"
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"“The Infiltrator” is an upcoming American crime drama film directed by Brad Furman and written by Ellen Brown Furman, based on the autobiography of the same name by Robert Mazur, a U.S. Customs special agent. ",
"Mazur helps bust Pablo Escobar’s money-laundering organization by using his alias, “Bob Musella”. ",
"The film stars Bryan Cranston, Diane Kruger, Benjamin Bratt, John Leguizamo and Amy Ryan. ",
"During the 1980s, U.S. Customs Service special agent Robert Mazur uses his undercover alias “Bob Musella” to become a pivotal player for drug lords cleaning their dirty cash. ",
"Later, he infiltrates the world’s largest cartels and helps discover the money-laundering organization of drug lord Pablo Escobar. ",
"The score was written by Chris Hajian and this is my first contact with his music.",
"\n\nThere have been quite a few war on drugs related scores in the past couple of years and the sound was kind of similar in presenting the dust, the desert, the danger. “",
"Sicario” stood out for me because of the choking suspense and suffocating pace. ",
"I find the same qualities in “Picking up the informant” or “The raid” and I connect very easily with this score.",
"\n\n“Close call” stuns me. ",
"It hits me in my favorite musical place, the ambient mood reminiscent of the 80s. ",
"I feel as if I’m listening to one moment of humanity from “Scarface” as I am transported back in time. ",
"This is the emotion and nostalgia I’m looking for in every composition.",
"\n\nChris Hajian keeps things interesting with the variety of the moods. ",
"The score doesn’t settle in that dusty investigative place some scores for similar stories dwell in. ",
"The composer never lets us forget about the undercover element as his music is sneaky and low key as if it is hiding all the time. ",
"When hiding happens on screen as well the music gets even quieter, like in “The stakeout”.",
"\n\n“The infiltrator” is not made of big moments or for big moments. ",
"This is an atmosphere setting score; this is music to show us how it feels and sounds to be undercover inside the biggest drug cartel. ",
"It doesn’t go very deep though, maybe to allow the on screen events to take center stage. ",
"It explores the doubt and the discomfort but for me the best parts are the truly ambient ones when the tension takes a break and a different kind of emotion is explored. ",
"These moments stand out for me, pieces like “So who is she?” ",
"or “I’m going to introduce you to Pablo” because they separate this score from similar ones and show great potential for this composer.",
"\n\nWhile not the most rewarding standalone listen there are a few moments in “The infiltrator” that make it worth giving a shot."
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"Go to activity:\n\nGRID Polar Division News\n\nSignificant Changes Likely In The Arctic From Climate Change.",
"\n\nMassive changes in the Arctic, which are likely to have dramatic impacts on the world's weather systems, fisheries, wildlife and people living in the far North, are today forecast by scientists studying global warming.",
"\n\nNairobi/Arendal 22 February, 2001-\n\nMassive changes in the Arctic, which are likely to have dramatic impacts on the world's weather systems, fisheries, wildlife and people living in the far North, are today forecast by scientists studying global warming.",
"\n\nTheir research indicates that the area of summer sea ice in the Arctic Ocean could thin by as much as 60 per cent if carbon dioxide levels reach double their pre-industrial levels in the atmosphere. ",
"Experts anticipate that CO2 concentrations will reach this level in 2050 unless countries back swift and deep cuts in emissions from cars, factories, power stations and homes.",
"\n\nThe scientists say they cannot rule out the possibility that the Arctic Ocean may become totally ice-free as a result of climate change. ",
"Klaus Toepfer, Executive Director of the United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP), said: \"We have, during the last half of the 20th century, seen sea ice in the region disappearing at a rate of nearly three per cent a decade\". ",
"In the Arctic the extent of sea ice has declined by nearly a third over the past 130 years.",
"\n\n\"These new findings on the future impacts of climate change in the Arctic should be sending alarm bells across the globe. ",
"What happens in the Arctic and the Antarctic have implications for everyone on the planet. ",
"The polar regions play a crucial role in driving the circulation of the world's oceans which in turn affect weather systems and the climate on every continent,\" he said.",
"\n\nMr Toepfer said the findings made it even more urgent that the Climate Change negotiations, which stalled in The Hague at the end of last year, were resumed without delay. ",
"Svein Tveitdal, Managing Director of GRID-Arendal which is UNEP's key polar centre, said: \"The report confirms that global warming in the Arctic is accelerating. ",
"This is expected to have major ecological, sociological and economic impacts\". \"",
"Significant climate change here now seems unavoidable. ",
"Arctic countries need to act now to help people living in Arctic areas adapt to the damaging impacts that are likely to occur during this new century,\" he said.",
"\n\nMr Toepfer and Mr Tveitdal were reacting to today's release of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change's (IPPC) third assessment report of its Working Group II. ",
"The IPCC was launched in 1988 by UNEP and the World Meteorlogical Organization. ",
"It has a chapter on the polar regions.",
"\n\nThe researchers involved are claiming increased confidence in their forecasts as more data on the Arctic is acquired and global climate circulation models are refined. ",
"Impacts on Ice \"Changes in the polar climate will have a direct impact on the great ice sheets, ice caps and glaciers of the polar regions,\" says the report. ",
"During the 20th century, winter air temperatures climbed by up to five degrees C.\n\nThe new assessment claims that temperatures in the Arctic might rise by as much as 14 degrees C during the 21st century. ",
"The vast, Greenland, ice sheet is expected suffer extensive melting. \"",
"The Greenland ice sheet suffers melting in summer at its margins. ",
"There is a trend towards an increase in area and duration of this melt.. If warming continues, the Greenland ice sheet will shrink considerably, as occurred in previous interglacial periods, and if sustained will completely melt,\" says the IPCC report.",
"\n\nIt also says that global warming will reduce the amount of sea ice in the Arctic. ",
"At least three computer models are cited. ",
"One predicts a 60 per cent loss of summer sea ice if CO2 levels reach double pre-industrial levels. ",
"The summer season, during which the ice retreats far offshore, increases from 60 days to 150 days, this models predicts.",
"\n\nAt the moment sea ice retreats from the coastline of countries in the Arctic by between 150km and 200km. ",
"By 2050 the sea ice might retreat up to 800km as a result of global warming. ",
"Another model forecasts that 80 per cent of sea ice will be lost by 2050. ",
"The report warns that \"with prolonged warming, a transition to an Arctic Ocean that is ice-free in summer and perhaps even in winter could take place\".",
"\n\nMr Tveitdal said the loss of ice in the Arctic could lead a sudden, acceleration, of global warming. ",
"Ice reflects radiation or heat from the sun back into space. \"",
"Absorbed radiation over snow and ice is three times lower than over land. ",
"Reduced ice and snow cover might trigger an accelerated climate change,\" he said.",
"\n\nWildlife, Fisheries and Indigenous PeopleThe retreat and loss of ice in the Arctic will have harmful impacts for many of the species living in the region. ",
"Polar bears need sea ice so they can hunt for seals. ",
"A retreat and loss of sea ice could make it harder for these animals to get enough food. ",
"Pregnant females and those with cubs may be particularly at risk Those species of seal that need ice for resting, pup rearing and molting, will also be at risk.",
"\n\nClimate change in the Arctic is expected to alter the speed and patterns of ocean currents which in turn will impact fish stocks. \"",
"Arctic fisheries are among the most productive in the world. ",
"Changes in the velocity and direction of ocean currents affect the availability of nutrients and the disposition of larval and juvenile organisms, thereby influencing recruitment, growth and mortality,\" says the IPCC report.",
"\n\nChanges are already taking place, boosting some stocks and damaging others. \"",
"Many groundfish stocks have shown a positive response to recent climate change. ",
"But Greenland turbot, a species more adapted to colder climes, and King crab stocks in the eastern Bering Sea and Kodiak, have declined,\" says the report. ",
"It says that projected climate change might halve or double harvests depending on the stocks concerned. ",
"Meanwhile some fisheries might die out altogether while new ones develop. \"",
"This could increase or decrease local economies by hundreds of millions of dollars annually,\" says the report.",
"\n\nChanges in the abundance and distribution of fish stocks and wildlife are just one of the issues facing fishermen, Arctic communities and the traditional,indigenous, peoples. ",
"The disappearance of sea ice will affect their ability to hunt and the conditions for reindeer herding may be aversely affected by increased global warming.",
"\n\nThe Arctic accumulates pollution, including Persistent Organic Pollutants (POPs) like the pesticide DDT and polychlorinated biphenols (PCBs), which have been discharged from industry and agriculture around the globe. ",
"Loss of sea ice could trigger the release of these \"ghosts of the past\" which are currently trapped in the ice causing them to enter the food chain. ",
"This which would pose a health threat to top predators such as polar bears and human beings in the region.",
"\n\nThe coastline along which many communities live might suffer accelerated rate of erosion, more frequent flooding and damage to buildings and infrastructure, the report argues. \"",
"Without sea ice, wave heights will increase, and the Arctic coast will be more exposed to such severe weather events as storm surges causing increased coastal erosion, inundation and threat to structures,\" it says.",
"\n\nMr Tveitdal said:\"One economic benefit, however, could be in the area of shipping. ",
"A retreat of the sea ice northwards is likely to open up the so called Northern Sea Route allowing vessels to sail from Europe to the Far East and Japan by going north of Russia rather than using the existing routes which involve, for example, the Suez Canal\". \"",
"Experts estimate this should reduce sailing times, cutting the costs of goods and cutting air pollution from shipping. ",
"The only risk is one of accidents. ",
"More ships sailing in the area will increase the chance of a vessel sinking or running aground with the danger that oil and other pollutants could enter the Arctic environment,\" he said.",
"\n\nPermafrostThe extent of permafrost, the solid layer of ice and soil, in the Arctic could be reduced by up to 22 per cent as a result of global warming, the report says. ",
"In Canada up to half of the present-day cover of permafrost could be lost if CO2 levels double. \"",
"This thawing of the permafrost will destroy buildings, roads, pipelines and transmission lines.",
"\n\nIn Siberia, a large number of five-storey builldings have already been weakened or damaged. ",
"It is predicted that by 2030 most buildings in cities like Yakutsk and Tikisi could be lost,\" said Mr Tveitdal. ",
"Permafrost also stores large amounts of ancient carbon and methane, another global warming gas. ",
"Thawing is likely release some of this stored carbon and methane back into the atmosphere, increasing the risk of further climate change, he said.",
"\n\nOcean Circulation and Weather Increased snow and rainfall and widespread melting of ice and permafrost may lead to higher levels of freshwater entering the Arctic Ocean. ",
"This freshening of the Arctic Ocean could have important impacts on ocean circulation. ",
"The formation of sea ice, which leads to salty, heavy water, sinking down deep into the ocean, also plays a key role in driving deepwater currents which in turn affect weather patterns and climate across the globe.",
"\n\n\"The IPCC report raises concern that this so called global thermohaline circulation may weaken as a result of global warming. ",
"This could have significant effects on economies, lifestyles and ecosystems. ",
"Past climate change has led to circulation patterns switching from one condition to another. ",
"These have caused large and sometimes abrupt regional impacts. ",
"For example the ports of western European countries like Britain are kept ice free in winter because of the Gulf Stream.",
"\n\nChanges in the thermohaline circulation, even though they are unlikely, might cause a shift in the Gulf Stream, deflecting it away from western Europe with far reaching effects,\" said Mr Tveitdal."
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"NPY and NPY Y1 receptor effects on noradrenaline overflow from the rat brain in vitro.",
"\nNeurotransmitters and neuropeptides play important roles in the regulation of various neuroendocrine functions particularly feeding. ",
"The aim of this study was to investigate whether a functional interaction occurs among neuropeptide Y (NPY) at NPY Y1 receptors and noradrenaline overflow, as this may contribute to the regulation of appetite. ",
"The release of endogenous noradrenaline and its metabolite 3,4-dihydroxyphenylglycol (DHPG) were examined from hypothalamic and medullary prisms using the technique of in vitro superfusion and high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) with coulometric detection. ",
"Noradrenaline and DHPG overflow was investigated at rest, in response to NPY (0.1 microM) and in response to the NPY Y1 receptor agonist, [Leu31,Pro34]NPY (0.1 microM). ",
"Perfusion with NPY and [Leu31,Pro34]NPY significantly reduced noradrenaline overflow from the hypothalamus and medulla. ",
"Perfusion with NPY and [Leu31,Pro34]NPY was without significant effect on hypothalamic DHPG overflow, while medullary DHPG overflow was significantly reduced by NPY and [Leu31,Pro34]NPY. ",
"Results from this study provide evidence of NPY Y1 receptor-mediated inhibition of noradrenaline release in the hypothalamus and medulla, further illustrating a complex interaction between neurotransmitters and neuropeptides within the rat brain."
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"Kulipari Teaser Concept Art\n\nBehind any beautifully animated project is often a treasure trove of equally beautiful concept art that is rarely seen outside the studio walls.",
"\n\nBehind any beautifully animated project is often a treasure trove of equally beautiful concept art that is rarely seen outside the studio walls.",
"\n\nThis is particularly the case in producing the Kulipari Teaser for Outlook’s multi-talented Trevor Pryce. ",
"To make sure some of this behind the scenes work from the teaser production sees the light of day, we’ve pulled a couple selects. ",
"Creatures, storyboards, matte paintings – all amazing work in and of itself. ",
"Hope you enjoy!"
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"Introduction\n============\n\nMacrophages are highly plastic monocyte-derived cells that acquire different molecular and functional phenotypes following exposure to different bioactive molecules and environments. ",
"The early studies on the interactions of macrophages and lymphocytes in battling bacterial infections revealed the T helper type 1 (Th1) secreted cytokine IFNγ to be involved in the classical activation of macrophages (Nathan et al., [",
"@B44]). ",
"However, seminal studies by the groups of Gordon and Mantovani have extensively characterized additional macrophage subtypes activated in alternative manners (reviewed in Mantovani et al., [",
"@B36]; Martinez et al., [",
"@B37]). ",
"Since the major polarizing cytokines initially found to be involved in classical and alternative activation were derived from Th1 (IFNγ) and Th2 (IL-4 and IL-13) lymphocytes these activated macrophages were named M1 and M2, respectively. ",
"Later studies revealed that in addition to IL-4, alternative activation can also be induced by immune complexes and glucocorticoids (Martinez et al., [",
"@B38]), and accordingly the subdivision of alternatively activated macrophages to M2a--c was instilled. ",
"M1 macrophages are important inducers and effectors in the Th1 response. ",
"They are instrumental in immune responses against intracellular microbes and tumors (Mantovani et al., [",
"@B35]). ",
"M2 macrophages are more heterogeneous, but generally play a role in Th2 responses, such as killing and encapsulation of extracellular parasites, resolving type 1 inflammation, and promoting tissue repair and remodeling. ",
"M2 macrophages are also playing a role in immune regulation and promote tumor progression (Mantovani et al., [",
"@B35]; Martinez et al., [",
"@B37]). ",
"M1 and M2 macrophages are not only distinct in function, but also express different receptors and enzymes required for their activities. ",
"M1 macrophages express high levels of inflammatory cytokines (IL-12, IL-23, TNFα, IL-1β, and IL-6) and chemokines (CXCL9, 10, and 11, CCL2, 3, 4, and 5, and CXCL2), as well as enzymes involved in the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and nitric oxide (NO; Mantovani et al., [",
"@B35]). ",
"M2 macrophages express lower levels of inflammatory mediators, but high levels of IL-10, scavenger, mannose, and galactose receptors. ",
"Importantly, in mice, M2 express the enzyme arginase-1 that intercepts the NO generation pathway \\[though inducible NO synthase (iNOS)\\] to generate ornithine and polyamines that are instrumental in tissue repair and fibrosis (Hesse et al., [",
"@B20]). ",
"Hence, the expression of iNOS and arginase-1 are major markers deciphering M1 and M2 macrophages. ",
"Additional markers of M2, such as YM1 and FIZZ1, were later identified in mouse macrophages (Raes et al., [",
"@B50], [@B51]).",
"\n\nMacrophages also undergo dramatic molecular and functional changes upon encounter, interaction with, and uptake of apoptotic cells (efferocytosis) during the resolution of inflammation. ",
"In this article we will highlight some of the similarities between M2 differentiation and transcriptional events activated by early efferocytosis. ",
"In addition, we will discuss recent results that support the notion that efferocytosis can eventually transform macrophages to another phenotype that is postulated to limit tissue repair/fibrosis and promote macrophage regulatory properties at remote sites. ",
"In this regard, it is important to note the early studies that indicated \"non-phlogistic\" activation of monocytes by the pro-resolving lipid mediators lipoxins. ",
"This bioactivity of lipoxins resulted in increased adhesion and migration of human monocytes (Maddox and Serhan, [@B34]; Maddox et al., [",
"@B33], [@B32]) hence prompting the notion that resolution-driven monocyte/macrophage activation promotes tissue repair and wound healing.",
"\n\nEfferocytosis as an Alternative Mode of Macrophage Activation\n=============================================================\n\nThe recognition, engulfment, and responsiveness to apoptotic cells are cardinal properties of resident and inflammatory macrophages and play a role in processes, such as tissue morphogenesis and homeostasis, embryonic development, hematopoiesis, immunity, and the resolution of inflammation (Savill et al., [",
"@B54]; Erwig and Henson, [@B12]; Ravichandran and Lorenz, [@B53]). ",
"The recognition and uptake of apoptotic cells by macrophages through \"eat me\" signals (and the absence of \"do not eat me\" signals) expressed on their surface and their cognate receptors have been extensively studied and reviewed (Ravichandran, [@B52]). ",
"However, apoptotic cells also transduce signals to the engulfing macrophages that result in significant molecular and functional adjustments that address physiological needs consequent to the identified cell death. ",
"During the resolution of inflammation, macrophages engulf apoptotic cells and consequently, apoptotic cell recognition evokes distinct signaling events (Patel et al., [",
"@B47]) that block the release of pro-inflammatory mediators from macrophages. ",
"This release is activated by bacterial moieties, and its blockage, which is termed immune-silencing (Voll et al., [",
"@B62]; Fadok et al., [",
"@B13]; Kim et al., [",
"@B27]), is accompanied by the production of TGFβ and IL-10 (Byrne and Reen, [@B8]; Huynh et al., [",
"@B23]; Mitchell et al., [",
"@B41]), cytokines that can promote resolution and wound repair. ",
"The engulfment of apoptotic leukocytes by macrophages also leads to inhibition of iNOS expression and stimulates the expression of arginase-1 in the RAW 264 macrophage cell line (Freire-De-Lima et al., [",
"@B16]) thereby preventing reactive NO production. ",
"In addition, the production of angiogenic growth factors (Golpon et al., [",
"@B18]) by macrophages is consequent to the uptake of apoptotic cells. ",
"Elucidation of the signaling pathways activated by efferocytosis revealed significant roles for nuclear transcriptional regulators, such as peroxisome proliferator activated receptor (PPAR)-γ (Freire-De-Lima et al., [",
"@B16]; Johann et al., [",
"@B24]) and -δ (Mukundan et al., [",
"@B42]) as well as the liver X receptor (LXR; A-Gonzalez et al., [",
"@B1]) in promoting anti-inflammatory properties.",
"\n\nIt is important to note that while macrophages engulf tissue-infiltrating apoptotic PMN during the resolution of inflammation, different experimental models used different sources of apoptotic cells, including Jurkat T cells, mouse thymocytes, or human peripheral blood neutrophils. ",
"All types of apoptotic cells express phosphatidylserine on the outer leaflet of their cytoplasmic membrane, and this is apparently the major signaling module used by these cells to communicate their mortal status with phagocytic cells (Ravichandran, [@B52]). ",
"Nevertheless, it is conceivable that other molecules (\"eat me signals\") are expressed on apoptotic cells of different sources to give a more detailed \"report\" as to the consequences of their demise. ",
"Thus, the interpretation of the results obtained following incubations of macrophages with apoptotic cells of different sources should be evaluated carefully depending on the source of apoptotic cells used.",
"\n\nThe prototypic Th2 cytokines IL-4, IL-13, and IL-10, as well as immune responses to parasites were found to promote many of the outcomes of efferocytosis in macrophages. ",
"These cytokines are well appreciated antagonists of the M1 response and macrophage pro-inflammatory properties (Martinez et al., [",
"@B37]) while IL-4 and IL-13 can also promote fibrosis through TGFβ production (Fichtner-Feigl et al., [",
"@B15]; Wynn, [@B64]). ",
"IL-13 was also found to promote vascular endothelial growth factor production during lung injury (Corne et al., [",
"@B10]). ",
"Importantly, IL-4 and IL-13 also activate PPAR-γ (Huang et al., [",
"@B22]; Berry et al., [",
"@B6]) and PPAR-δ (Kang et al., [",
"@B25]) to promote monocyte/macrophage alternative activation. ",
"LXR was recently found to synergize with IL-4 in the induction of arginase-1 expression and promotion of an M2 phenotype in regressive atherosclerotic lesions (Pourcet et al., [",
"@B49]). ",
"Thus, efferocytosis induces phenotypic and molecular switches and activates signaling pathways in macrophages that resemble M2 polarization. ",
"Moreover, M2 polarization promotes efferocytosis through induction of different molecular modules, whereas M1 macrophages exert reduced uptake of apoptotic cells. ",
"Along these lines, recent studies also found that efferocytosis is a self-promoting process, and that M2 pathways play key roles in mediating this feature of macrophage function. ",
"These aspects of efferocytosis are covered by Korns et al. ([",
"@B28]) in this research topic and will not be elaborated on here. ",
"Nevertheless, while macrophages are paradoxically involved in both the generation of fibrosis and its resolution (Wynn and Barron, [@B65]) and efferocytosis and M2 polarization generate a positive feedback loop during resolution of inflammation, it is much less clear what are the events and mediators that stop M2 differentiation and tissue repair/remodeling short of excessive, fibrotic outcomes. ",
"Such events and mediators are inevitably required to complete the resolution of inflammation and restore homeostasis rather than end every infection with a debilitating scar.",
"\n\n15-lipoxygenase and its products\n--------------------------------\n\nA major enzymatic pathway that mediates key events in the resolution of inflammation involves the expression and activation of 12/15-lipoxygenase (LO) in mice and 15-LO-1 in humans. ",
"15-LO expression and activity are upregulated by IL-4 and IL-13 in murine and human monocytes, macrophages, and peripheral blood mononuclear cells (Levy et al., [",
"@B30]; Nassar et al., [",
"@B43]; Heydeck et al., [",
"@B21]; Huang et al., [",
"@B22]; Ariel et al., [",
"@B4]). ",
"This upregulation leads to the production of 15-LO products from eicosatetraenoic and docosahexaenoic acids (ETA and DHA, respectively), such as 15-hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid (15-HETE), lipoxin (LX) A~4~ and B~4~ (5*S*,6*S*,15*S*-trihydroxy-7*E*,9*E*,11*Z*,13*E*-EPA, and 5*S*,14*R*,15*S*-trihydroxy-6*E*,8*Z*,10*E*,12E-EPA, respectively), 17*S*-hydroxy-DHA (17*S*-hydroxy-4*Z*,7*Z*,10*Z*,13*Z*,15*E*,19*Z*-DHA), and protectin D1 (10*R*,17*S*-dihydroxy-4*Z*,7*Z*,11*E*,13*E*,15*Z*,19*Z*-DHA). ",
"Macrophage expression of 12/15-LO was found to promote the production of resolvin (Rv) D1 (7*S*,8*R*,17*S*-trihydroxy-4*Z*,9*E*,11*E*,13*Z*,15*E*,19*Z*-DHA) and maresin 1 (7,14-dihydroxy-4*Z*,8,10,12,16*Z*,19*Z*-DHA), in addition to LXA~4~ and PD1 (Merched et al., [",
"@B40]; Serhan et al., [",
"@B59]). ",
"The expression of 12/15-LO was also found to be upregulated in mouse macrophages following their incubation with apoptotic cells (Freire-De-Lima et al., [",
"@B16]; Schif-Zuck et al., [",
"@B55]) and resulted in the production of 15-HETE and LXA~4~ (Freire-De-Lima et al., [",
"@B16]). ",
"Macrophages from chronic granulomatous disease (CGD) mice display impaired efferocytosis that could be repaired by IL-4 through the expression of 12/15-LO and activation of PPAR-γ (Fernandez-Boyanapalli et al., [",
"@B14]). ",
"Hence, 15-LO-mediated signaling seems to be a major convergence point for efferocytosis and M2 polarization, and its down-stream signaling pathways could play a paramount role in deciphering whether macrophages will become pro-fibrotic or will finalize the resolution sequel to restore tissue homeostasis.",
"\n\nAlong these reasoning, 12/15-LO products have been shown to be anti-inflammatory and to promote tissue repair, while playing an anti-fibrotic and immune-regulatory role (Serhan, [@B57]). ",
"The major bioactive 12/15-LO products could be produced from arachidonic acid to yield 15-HETE or lipoxins, or from DHA to generate protectin D (PD)1, resolvins of the D series, and the recently identified macrophage product maresin 1 (Serhan, [@B57]). ",
"While 15-HETE binds PPARγ to mediate its anti-inflammatory actions (Huang et al., [",
"@B22]), LXA~4~, PD1, and resolvin D1 seem to act through binding to cell surface GPCRs (Serhan et al., [",
"@B58]), as well as the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (that binds LXA~4~; Machado et al., [",
"@B31]). ",
"All these 12/15-LO products induce a broad spectrum of anti-inflammatory actions on neutrophils and macrophages, as well as other cell types (Wittwer and Hersberger, [@B63]; Serhan et al., [",
"@B58]). ",
"Lipoxins and PD1 are produced during epithelial injury in the cornea and mediate wound repair in addition to counteracting inflammation (Gronert et al., [",
"@B19]). ",
"On the other hand, 12/15-LO products also induce unique pro-resolving properties of macrophages and promote regulatory pathways in lymphocytes. ",
"LXA~4~, PD1, RvD1, and PPARγ agonists were all found to promote efferocytosis and enhance PMN clearance during resolution (Godson et al., [",
"@B17]; Schwab et al., [",
"@B56]; Fernandez-Boyanapalli et al., [",
"@B14]; Krishnamoorthy et al., [",
"@B29]). ",
"In addition, PD1 and RvD1 were found to promote macrophage departure of resolving inflammation sites (Schwab et al., [",
"@B56]; Schif-Zuck et al., [",
"@B55]). ",
"LXA~4~ and PD1 inhibited inflammatory cytokine secretion from T lymphocytes (Ariel et al., [",
"@B2], [@B4]) and enhanced CCR5 expression on apoptotic PMN to promote clearance of its pro-inflammatory ligands (Ariel et al., [",
"@B3]). ",
"Moreover, LXA~4~ was recently found to play a role in the generation of myeloid-derived suppressor cells (Zhang et al., [",
"@B66]). ",
"Of note, LXA~4~, PD1, and RvD1 are potent inhibitors of fibrosis in the lung and kidney (Duffield et al., [",
"@B11]; Martins et al., [",
"@B39]; Borgeson et al., [",
"@B7]). ",
"Therefore, 15-LO products can be generated by macrophages following their interaction with apoptotic cells and/or polarization to the M2 phenotype. ",
"In turn, these products not only block inflammation but can also shift the macrophage healing balance from tissue repair/fibrosis to pro-resolution, anti-fibrotic, and regulatory functions. ",
"The exact mode of production and action for the different 15-LO products is probably dependent on substrate availability, concentration formed in the healing tissue and additional cues from the resolving environment. ",
"Nevertheless, they seem to act in concert to promote post-inflammation tissue healing and return to homeostasis.",
"\n\nCD11B^low^ Macrophages -- A New Phenotype Generated Following Satiated-Efferocytosis\n====================================================================================\n\nRecent reports have indicated the co-existence of various macrophage phenotypes in resolving peritoneal cavities (Bystrom et al., [",
"@B9]; Schif-Zuck et al., [",
"@B55]). ",
"Macrophages from resolving murine peritonitis expressed an alternatively activated phenotype albeit with increase expression of M1 markers, such as cyclooxygenase 2 (COX 2) and iNOS (Bystrom et al., [",
"@B9]). ",
"Thus, these macrophages were termed resolution-phase macrophages (rMs) and were postulated to have a hybrid phenotype of classically and alternatively activated macrophages (Bystrom et al., [",
"@B9]). ",
"A recent report from the same group has indicated that rMs could be divided to at least three distinct populations based on F4/80 and Ly-6C expression, with varying expression of additional pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory markers as well as CD11b (Stables et al., [",
"@B60]). ",
"Along these lines, we have recently characterized F4/80^+^ macrophages from resolving peritoneal exudates into two distinct macrophage subtypes: CD11b^high^ and CD11b^low^ (Schif-Zuck et al., [",
"@B55]). ",
"CD11b^high^ macrophages were found to express low to intermediate levels of the M1 markers iNOS, COX 2, and matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-9 and high levels of the M2 marker arginase-1. ",
"These cells also expressed very low levels of 12/15-LO. ",
"In addition, these macrophages secret medium levels of inflammatory cytokines and chemokines, as well as IL-10, in response to TLR ligands, are highly phagocytic, and do not migrate to lymphoid tissues. ",
"CD11b^low^ macrophages express even lower levels of iNOS, COX 2, and MMP-9 than CD11b^high^ ones, but they also do not express arginase-1. ",
"In addition, these macrophages secrete very low levels of inflammatory cytokines and chemokines, and IL-10, but higher amounts of TGFβ. ",
"Moreover, CD11b^low^ macrophages, despite containing higher numbers of apoptotic PMN, are no longer phagocytic and are prone to emigrate to remote sites. ",
"Hence, CD11b^low^ macrophages were termed \"satiated\" (Schif-Zuck et al., [",
"@B55]). ",
"A seminal report from Ravichandran and colleagues (Park et al., [",
"@B46]) has recently revealed that the mitochondrial membrane protein UCP2 controls satiation vs. continued clearance of apoptotic cells, and it would be interesting to examine its role in the generation of CD11b^low^ macrophages. ",
"The integration of the results from Schif-Zuck et al., ",
"Bystrom et al., ",
"and Stables et al. ",
"suggests rM/CD11b^high^ macrophages are a mixed macrophage population with dominant M2-like characteristics, and some low-grade M1 activity and that early efferocytosis promotes the conversion of the M1-like population to an M2-like phenotype (Fadok et al., [",
"@B13]; Freire-De-Lima et al., [",
"@B16]; Korns et al., [",
"@B28]) as well as enhanced phagocytosis/efferocytosis. ",
"However, the CD11b^low^ subset of macrophages, although converting from the CD11b^high^ subset *ex vivo* and *in vivo* (following late, threshold-meeting, efferocytosis; Schif-Zuck et al., [",
"@B55]), are not M2-like, but rather display a distinct phenotype with its own molecular and functional characteristic (Figure [1](#F1){ref-type=\"fig\"}). ",
"Of interest, a similar series of macrophage phenotype switches was found to take place during muscle injury and repair. ",
"These switches were induced by the engulfment of muscle debris that promoted TGFβ production and muscle regeneration (Arnold et al., [",
"@B5]; Perdiguero et al., [",
"@B48]). ",
"Importantly, the macrophage phenotype switch was mediated by a signaling cascade involving MAPK (Perdiguero et al., [",
"@B48]) an essential module in macrophage inflammatory signaling (Kim et al., [",
"@B26]).",
"\n\n{#F1}\n\nMacrophages are important in limiting inflammation, excessive tissue repair, and fibrosis (Wynn and Barron, [@B65]). ",
"They also act at remote sites, such as lymphoid organs and adipose tissue (Schwab et al., [",
"@B56]; Mukundan et al., [",
"@B42]; Odegaard et al., [",
"@B45]; Titos et al., [",
"@B61]) to regulate acquired immune responses and metabolism. ",
"Since CD11b^low^ macrophages are distinct from either M1 or M2, do not express the pro-fibrotic enzyme arginase-1, stop phagocytosing foreign particles and can be found at lymphoid organs and adipose tissue (Schif-Zuck et al., [",
"@B55]; Titos et al., [",
"@B61]), we suggest these macrophages display a new phenotype, now termed resolution-promoting macrophages (Mres), which might be involved in anti-fibrotic, immune-regulatory, and metabolic processes, and hence is critical for the local and systemic termination of inflammatory episodes. ",
"The \"decision-making\" of macrophages on which phenotype will be expressed at a given time and setting is probably controlled by multiple variants in their milieu, including the number of apoptotic PMN they acquired and local concentrations of pro-resolving lipid mediators (from 15-LO and other pathways) and glucocorticoids (Schif-Zuck et al., [",
"@B55]; Titos et al., [",
"@B61]). ",
"Other macrophage-inactivating and resolution-promoting cytokines, growth factors and lipid mediators, such as IL-10, TGFβ, and PPARγ ligands are likely to also be important in regulating the fate of macrophages during the resolution of inflammation and the return of tissues to homeostasis.",
"\n\nConflict of Interest Statement\n==============================\n\nCharles N. Serhan is an inventor on patents (resolvins) assigned to BWH and licensed to Resolvyx Pharmaceuticals. ",
"Charles N. Serhan is a scientific founder of Resolvyx Pharmaceuticals and owns equity in the company. ",
"Charles N. Serhan' interests were reviewed and are managed by the Brigham and Women\\'s Hospital and Partners HealthCare in accordance with their conflict of interest policies.",
"\n\nThis work was supported by grants from the Israel Science Foundation (number 534/09), the Nutricia Research Foundationl, and the Marc Rich Foundation (to Amiram Ariel) and the National Institute of Health (R01 GM38765 and P01 GM095467 to Charles N. Serhan). ",
"Amiram Ariel is a recipient of the young scientist award from Teva Pharmaceuticals Ltd.\n\n[^1]: Edited by: Jerrold S. Levine, University of Illinois at Chicago, USA\n\n[^2]: Reviewed by: Pablo Pelegrin, Hospital Universitario Virgen Arrixaca, Spain; Patrizia Rovere Querini, Vita-Salute University, Italy\n\n[^3]: This article was submitted to Frontiers in Inflammation, a specialty of Frontiers in Immunology.",
"\n"
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"Subscription based online music and audiobook retailer eMusic has been struggling of late, and most recently has been seeking salvation by reinventing itself as blockchain platform, a makeover which seems unlikely to end successfully.",
"\n\nThis is what people who follow the disaster that is blockchain (like me — check out my book!) ",
"call “having a Kodak moment.” ",
"That is, a comprehensively fucked company desperately casting about for buzzwords that might save them, as the tattered and flayed hide of what was once Kodak tried in January.",
"\n\nEvery ICO has a “white paper,” which would be called a “prospectus” if they were doing a proper securities offering and not just cargo-culting the form of one. ",
"eMusic, embracing their fucked company status, have emulated Kodak and called theirs a “light paper.”",
"\n\nThis is a woeful frickin’ document.",
"\n\nI’ve written at length previously about how your standard music industry chancer has now decided “blockchain” is the buzzword of choice, even though this trash can’t possibly scale and makes no technical sense to pursue. ",
"eMusic’s approach to this dilemma is a complete absence of detail.",
"\n\nPages 1 to 5 detail the problem with streaming — the artists and the streaming companies are getting bugger-all, and “major labels and their publishing partners have fought to maintain heavy financial control over the industry and the squeeze is felt on both ends of the supply chain.” ",
"If you wanted to solve the problem that it’s actually the labels taking all the artists’ money, and blaming the streaming services, then messing about with blockchains is approximately the least effective thing you could do.",
"\n\nOn page 6, eMusic’s problem comes out: “eMusic is at a crossroads. ",
"Do we stay the course and focus on a shrinking digital downloads market? ",
"Do we enter into losing streaming agreements that conflict with the company’s ethos of championing the indie artist?”",
"\n\nQuite a dilemma, and remember that eMusic has gone broke repeatedly over the past twenty years. ",
"But no doubt they’ve got a solid business plan this time!",
"\n\nMake no mistake — this is like someone with cancer saying they’ll convert to Breatharianism and see how that works out.",
"\n\nAt this point you’d expect them to outline their plan. ",
"Pages 7 and 8 promise a magical music industry of fruit and flowers for everyone! ",
"Here’s a diagram to answer all your questions:\n\nIf you looked at that and thought the red boxes really said “Fucking Magic™,” you’re quite correct.",
"\n\nPage 10 promises more blockchain-enhanced fruit and flowers for all, and there’s another diagram, whose title is “Smart Contracts Do All the Work”:\n\nThe key to understanding this diagram is that “Smart Contract” is another word for “computer program.” ",
"That’s all. ",
"So what they’re saying is: “How will we revolutionise everything? ",
"With … computers!!” ",
"um, OK.",
"\n\nPage 11: “There are a number of Blockchain music projects being considered, but they are inherently flawed.” ",
"eMusic’s project avoids flaws by having no substance to have flaws in.",
"\n\nPage 13 finally says what the hell it is they’re actually doing: “eMusic will introduce a brand new Blockchain-based crowdfunding platform that allows fans to support their favorite artists in return for limited rights to music.”",
"\n\nThis appears to be a variant on PeerTracks’ scheme — you pay an artist upfront, supplying their advance, and this gives you a percentage of the take as return on your investment, if and when the record sells or gets streamed. ",
"It’s 2018, so there’s any number of blockchain projects making this sort of pitch.",
"\n\n(I’m pretty sure eMusic’s thing has nothing to do with PeerTracks as such — it’s a pretty common “music on the blockchain” pitch of late — but I’ll note in passing that, per Rocknerd passim, PeerTracks was launching end of 2015 you betcha. ",
"Currently the site [archive] talks about “COMING SPRING 2018.”)",
"\n\nAt the end, we have the standard circular black and white portrait photos of The Team. ",
"I think none of these people have been around eMusic very long — they’re from the most recent company to buy it out. ",
"There’s very little music experience, and there’s a single blockchain guy. ",
"The list of advisors misspells “formerly” as “formally.”",
"\n\nThe other standard element of the ICO form is a blog post on Medium, sharing your reasoning behind the decision. ",
"eMusic has one too — though not signed by a person, just by “eMusic.”",
"\n\nThe post contains no detail — just a description of the magical things that could happen if the most hypothetical blockchain dreams were true, because smart contracts are magical. ",
"I have a post over on the blockchain blog covering how this sort of thing works:\n\ncome up with some things that magical flying unicorn ponies could do;\n\ndetail the many astounding consequences and use cases for these magical flying unicorn pony byproducts;\n\nComments\n\neMusic - Don't Go Blockchain! [",
"David Gerard]\n\nSubscription based online music and audiobook retailer eMusic has been struggling of late, and most recently has been seeking salvation by reinventing itself as blockchain platform, a makeover which seems unlikely to end successfully."
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"\n\nA:\n\nsolved .... it seems the compiler (DCC32.EXE) was wrong size so the installer kept misfiring.",
"\n\n"
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