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[ "BAD FORM? ", "The New Zealand Book Awards are unhappy with Eleanor Catton's tall poppy comments.", "\n\nEleanor Catton showed \"bad form\" by speaking out against the New Zealand Book Awards, its organiser says.", "\n\nThe author attracted controversy with comments she made during the Jaipur Literature Festival in India in which she said she was uncomfortable as being seen as an ambassador for New Zealand.", "\n\nALSO READ:\n\n* Being called a 'hua' no big deal\n\n* Radio host Sean Plunket stands by calling Eleanor Catton a 'hua'\n\n* Eleanor Catton's problem with New Zealand\n\n\"We have this strange cultural phenomenon called 'tall poppy syndrome'; if you stand out, you will be cut down,\" she was reported as saying.", "\n\nCatton used the example of how her Man Booker prize-winning book The Luminaries missed out on the main prize at last year's New Zealand Post Book Awards.", "\n\n\"There was this kind of thing that now you've won this prize from overseas, we're not going to celebrate it here, we're going to give the award to somebody else.\"", "\n\nThe Luminaries won the fiction category of the awards. ", "Jill Trevelyan's non-fiction work Peter McLeavey: The life and times of a New Zealand art dealer was named Book of the Year.", "\n\nBooksellers chief executive Lincoln Gould said he was \"astonished\" by Catton's comments that tall poppy syndrome might have affected the judgement.", "\n\nBooksellers administers the New Zealand Book Awards.", "\n\n\"The New Zealand Book Awards are multi-category, so in terms of her specialty being fiction, she won the top prize,\" Gould said.", "\n\n\"I think putting down the judges here in New Zealand was pretty bad form... I don't think it did her brand any good at all.\"", "\n\nBroadcaster Miriama Kamo, who convened last year's judging panel, said the judges had been \"really proud and really thrilled\" to give Catton the fiction award.", "\n\n\"We certainly as judges felt we had honoured her and that was the right thing to do,\" she said.", "\n\n\"I disagree with her that she has been cut down in any way. ", "Her book has been celebrated across the world and no less, in my view, in New Zealand.\"", "\n\nVictoria University Press publisher Fergus Barrowman defended Catton, saying he would always stand by an author's right to express their point of view.", "\n\nHe declined to comment specifically on Catton's reported remarks, but said he believed they had \"definitely\" been taken out of context.", "\n\nMeanwhile RadioLive host Sean Plunket added to the fracas by describing Catton as an \"ungrateful hua\" on air this morning.", "\n\nHua is a shortened version of the Maori word \"upoko kohua\", which means \"may your head be boiled and eaten\".", "\n\nPlunket accused Catton of being a traitor and criticised her for bagging New Zealand when she had a taxpayer-funded job as a lecturer in creative writing at the Manukau Institute of Technology.", "\n\nSome listeners misheard Plunket, thinking he had called Catton an \"ungrateful whore\", and took to social media to express their outrage." ]

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[ "Mara Zini\n\nMara Zini (born October 26, 1979 in Sondalo) is an Italian short track speed skater who won a bronze medal in the 3000m relay at the 2006 Winter Olympics. ", " She is a cousin of Katia Zini who was on the same medal winning relay team.", "\n\nReferences\n\nCategory:1979 births\nCategory:Living people\nCategory:Italian female speed skaters\nCategory:Italian female short track speed skaters\nCategory:Short track speed skaters at the 2002 Winter Olympics\nCategory:Short track speed skaters at the 2006 Winter Olympics\nCategory:Olympic short track speed skaters of Italy\nCategory:Olympic bronze medalists for Italy\nCategory:Olympic medalists in short track speed skating\nCategory:Medalists at the 2006 Winter Olympics\nCategory:People from Sondalo" ]

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[ "Eating habits of black holes make some galaxies appear brighter\n\nResearchers have found that some galaxies appear brighter to astronomers’ telescopes because of faster rates at which their supermassive black holes swallow matter and spit out energy, not because of the way the galaxies face Earth, as earlier believed.", "For decades, astronomers have tried to pin down why two of the most common types of active galaxies, known as Type-I and Type-II galaxies, appear different when observed from Earth.", "\n\n“Our new analysis of X-ray data from NASA’s Swift Burst Alert Telescope suggests that Type-I galaxies are much more efficient at emitting energy,” said co-author of the study Richard Mushotzky, Professor of Astronomy at the University of Maryland in the US.", "\n\nThe new results, published in the journal Nature, suggest that Type-I and Type-II galaxies do not just appear different – they are, in fact, very different from each other, both structurally and energetically.", "\n\nThe study makes a major modification to a popular theory called the unified model.", "\n\nAccording to this model, the active nuclei of Type-I and Type-II galaxies have the same fundamental structure and energetic profile, but appear different solely because the galaxies point toward Earth at different angles.", "\n\nSpecifically, Type-II galaxies are tilted such that they are obscured by their own rings of dust, making Type-I galaxies appear brighter by comparison.", "\n\nThe new study suggests that the key factor that distinguishes Type-I and Type-II galaxies is the rate at which their central black holes consume matter and spit out energy.", "\n\nTo conduct the study, Mushotzky and his colleagues re-examined data from 836 active galaxies detected by NASA’s Swift Burst Alert Telescope that strongly emit high-energy, or “hard,” X-rays – the same X-rays that medical technicians use to visualise the human skeleton.", "\n\nTo measure the mass and growth rate of these galaxies’ active nuclei – the supermassive black holes at the galaxies’ centres—the researchers used data from 12 different ground-based telescopes spread across the globe to complement the data from the Swift satellite.", "\n\nBy comparing differences in the X-ray spectra between Type-I and Type-II galaxies, the researchers concluded that, regardless of which way the galaxy faces Earth, the central black holes in Type-I galaxies consume matter and emit energy much faster compared with the black holes at the centre of Type-II galaxies." ]

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[ "\nCrabs: The bitmap terror (1985) [pdf] - dsr_\nhttp://lucacardelli.name/Papers/Crabs.pdf\n======\nkick\nCrabs was probably the first graphical prank program—most assuredly the first\nwell-documented one: there are a _lot_ of scattered anecdotes about it around.", "\nHere's an amazing talk by Rob Pike where it's casually mentioned, for example:\n\n[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_2NI6t2r_Hs](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_2NI6t2r_Hs)\n\nIt's not something you see very often anymore, partially because modern\nwindowing systems (and systems in general, really) were built with different\nsecurity models in mind (you can probably remember a few similar programs\nreleased into the wild for real mode operating systems, they were especially\ncommon then), but also because windowing systems have moved away from how\nsimple UNIX's windowing system was at the time.", "\n\nIt's actually kind of relevant to something that was on the front-page\nrecently: the displays they were using (JERQ/Blit bitmap displays) depended on\na routine that Larry Tesler co-invented (the bit blit, hence the name \"Blit\").", "\n\n[http://doc.cat-v.org/bell_labs/blit/](http://doc.cat-v.org/bell_labs/blit/)\n\n[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bit_blit](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bit_blit)\n\nIf you want to give it a try, I think 9front ships with a Blit emulator these\ndays; load up v8 and you should have a nice few hours poking around.", "\n\n[http://9front.org/](http://9front.org/)\n\n~~~\nmsla\nThe Blit (begat of Jerq, productized as the DMD 5620) was an interesting\nsystem: The thing could be a normal text terminal, but the magic came when the\nhost sent it software to run locally. ", "In short, if the IBM block-mode\nterminals were the equivalent of filling out HTML forms, the Blit was closer\nto WASM.", "\n\n[https://loomcom.com/blog/0115_emulating_the_dmd5620.html](https://loomcom.com/blog/0115_emulating_the_dmd5620.html)\n\n------\nloph\nI am reminded of the xcrab x11 program, where a crab would scuttle across the\nscreen and abscond with the mouse pointer. ", "That was late 80s. ", "Not to be\nconfused with xroach, where disgusting roaches would scatter when the window\ncovering them was moved. ", "Good times.", "\n\n~~~\nall2\nThere is now an application for Windows that does this with the goose from\nUntitled Goose Game. ", "I think it is delightful at the very least.", "\n\n------\nfloren\nDon't miss the man page on the last page of the paper. ", "It's a hilarious little\n\"trap\" for anyone who happened to be browsing the manual!", "\n\n------\nanonsivalley652\nDoom process manager: hold my rocket launcher\n\nFree drink holder program: yo boys, watch this. _", "ejects CD-ROM tray_\n\nXeyes: Am I a joke program to you?", "\n\nExcel 95: Goto B95, select row 95, Help > About > ctrl-alt-shift + [tech\nsupport] (I'm an easter egg, which is a joke program in a program. ", "They don't\nmake me anymore. :'( ", "And you're welcome.)", "\n\nApplesoft BASIC:\n\n \n \n 10 INPUT \"Press any key to continue...\";A$\n 20 GOTO 10\n \n\n^ Tech support gets a flood of calls about \"no 'any' key\" s/any key/<ENTER>/\n\nOr\n\n \n \n 00 REM Which OS are we using again? ;)", "\n 10 PRINT\n 20 PRINT \"Not ready reading drive A\"\n 30 INPUT \"Abort, Ignore, Retry, Fail?\";A$\n 40 PRINT\n 50 FOR X = 1 TO 20000\n 60 NEXT X\n 70 GOTO 10\n \n\nEDIT: how many people will admit to writing a phony \"FORMAT.COM\" command in C\n|| Pascal || assembly that hit the drive with pointless reads to make the hard\ndrive light appear solid and realistic delays between % updates?", "\n\n------\ncodezero\nThis is awesome, and from the timing and some Wikipedia sleuthing, it sounds\nlike they inadvertently created the first ever screensaver?", "\n\n------\nmatt_morgan\nMy father-in-law, who passed away a few years ago, was at Bell Labs then. ", "I\nreally wish I knew about this when I could have talked to him about it.", "\n\n" ]

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[ "Photochemically induced cystic lesion in the rat spinal cord. ", "I. Behavioral and morphological analysis.", "\nThe present study describes the production of a spinal cord lesion which is initiated by vascular occlusion resulting from the interaction between the photosensitizing dye erythrosin B and an argon laser beam. ", "The lesion has characteristics similar to those of the central cavity thought to lead to the production of post-traumatic syringomyelia (PTS) in humans. ", "The present study examines the behavioral and morphological characteristics of this injury over a 28-day period. ", "Histological analysis revealed a cavity extending from the dorsal horns to lamina VIII, with some lateral and ventral pathways being spared. ", "The cavity volume reached a maximum 7 days after lesion induction. ", "Behavioral changes were assessed using six different tests of motor and reflex function (motor function, climbing, waterbath, inclined plane, withdrawal to pain, and withdrawal to extension). ", "Lesioned animals exhibited flaccid paralysis for 3-5 days, which resolved afterward. ", "The photochemically induced cavity should provide a reproducible model for examining the effects of cystic spinal cord injury on locomotor and reflex function." ]

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[ "\r\n\r\nRosario v Monroe Mech. ", "Servs., ", "Inc. (2018 NY Slip Op 00732)\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\n\nRosario v Monroe Mech. ", "Servs., ", "Inc.\n\n\n2018 NY Slip Op 00732\n\n\nDecided on February 2, 2018\n\n\nAppellate Division, Fourth Department\n\n\nPublished by New York State Law Reporting Bureau pursuant to Judiciary Law § 431.", "\n\n\nThis opinion is uncorrected and subject to revision before publication in the Official Reports.", "\n\n\n\r\nDecided on February 2, 2018\r\nSUPREME COURT OF THE STATE OF NEW YORK\r\nAppellate Division, Fourth Judicial Department\r\n\r\nPRESENT: WHALEN, P.J., CENTRA, DEJOSEPH, NEMOYER, AND WINSLOW, JJ.", "\r\n\r\n\n1382 CA 17-00702\r\n\r\n[*1]LUIS ROSARIO AND DARLENA ROSARIO, PLAINTIFFS-APPELLANTS,\r\nvMONROE MECHANICAL SERVICES, INC., ", "AND MONROE MECHANICAL, INC., ", "DEFENDANTS-RESPONDENTS. ", "\r\n\n\nSUGARMAN LAW FIRM, LLP, SYRACUSE (MICHAEL C. BOISVERT OF COUNSEL), FOR PLAINTIFFS-APPELLANTS.", "\nSMITH, SOVIK, KENDRICK & SUGNET, P.C., SYRACUSE (ERIC JOHNSON OF COUNSEL), FOR DEFENDANTS-RESPONDENTS. ", "\n\n\tAppeal from an order of the Supreme Court, Onondaga County (Hugh A. Gilbert, J.), entered September 27, 2016. ", "The order granted the motion of defendants for summary judgment dismissing the complaint. ", "\nIt is hereby ORDERED that the order so appealed from is unanimously reversed on the law without costs, the motion is denied, and the complaint is reinstated.", "\nMemorandum: Plaintiffs commenced this negligence action seeking damages for, inter alia, injuries that Luis Rosario (plaintiff) sustained in an explosion at the scrap metal recycling company where he worked. ", "A few weeks prior to the explosion, plaintiff's employer had purchased six used fuel pumps from defendants. ", "Defendants' driver stated that the pumps had been drained, and the scrap yard paid defendants $320.36 for the pumps. ", "On the day of the explosion, a heavy equipment operator at the scrap yard \"mangled\" two of the pumps and placed them on a conveyor belt leading to a metal shredder. ", "Plaintiff was in the control booth operating the shredder at the time and, when the pumps were shredded, an explosion ensued that injured plaintiff. ", "After the explosion, a coworker at the scrap yard dismantled the remaining four fuel pumps that had been purchased from defendants and discovered that each contained one to two gallons of gasoline.", "\nFollowing discovery, defendants moved for summary judgment dismissing the complaint on the ground that they were casual sellers of gas pumps and owed no duty of care to plaintiff. ", "Defendants further asserted that, even if they owed plaintiff a duty of care, they were entitled to summary judgment because the negligence of the heavy equipment operator in sending the pumps to the shredder was the sole proximate cause of the accident. ", "Supreme Court granted the motion and dismissed the complaint on the ground that defendants' casual sale of used gas pumps was incidental to their main business and did not give rise to a duty of care to the purchaser of the pumps. ", "We reverse.", "\n\"The threshold question in any negligence action is: does defendant owe a legally recognized duty of care to plaintiff?\" (", "Hamilton v Beretta U.S.A. Corp, 96 NY2d 222, 232 [2001]). ", "Viewing the evidence in the light most favorable to the nonmoving party, as we must, we agree with plaintiffs that defendants failed to \"make a prima facie showing of entitlement to judgment as a matter of law, [by] tendering sufficient evidence to demonstrate the absence of any material issues of fact\" (Alvarez v Prospect Hosp., ", "68 NY2d 320, 324 [1986]; see Winegrad v New York Univ. ", "Med. ", "Ctr., ", "64 NY2d 851, 853 [1985]; Esposito v Wright, 28 AD3d 1142, 1143 [4th Dept 2006]). ", "Although it is well settled that casual or occasional sellers of products do \"not undertake the special responsibility for public safety assumed by those in the business of regularly supplying those products\" (Clute v Paquin, 219 AD2d 783, 784 [3d Dept 1995]; see Gebo v Black Clawson Co., 92 NY2d 387, 394 [1998]), the evidence submitted by defendants in [*2]support of their motion failed to establish that their sale of gas pumps was \"wholly incidental\" to their business of installing and servicing petroleum distribution systems (Sukljian v Ross & Son Co., 69 NY2d 89, 96 [1986]; see Nutting v Ford Motor Co., 180 AD2d 122, 127 [3d Dept 1992]).", "\nEven assuming, arguendo, that defendants were merely casual sellers of used gas pumps, we cannot conclude as a matter of law that defendants owed no duty to plaintiff. ", "Even casual sellers owe a duty to warn of dangers that are not open and obvious or readily discernable (see Piper v Kabar Mfg. ", "Corp., 251 AD2d 1050, 1051 [4th Dept 1998]; Colopy v Pitman Mfg. ", "Co., 206 AD2d 864, 864 [4th Dept 1994]; Stiles v Batavia Atomic Horseshoes, 174 AD2d 287, 292 [4th Dept 1992], revd on other grounds 81 NY2d 950, 951 [1993], rearg denied 81 NY2d 1068 [1993]). ", "The determination \"[w]hether a hazard is open and obvious cannot be divorced from the surrounding circumstances . . . ", "A condition that is ordinarily apparent to a person making reasonable use of his or her senses may be rendered a trap for the unwary where the condition is obscured or the plaintiff is distracted\" (Calandrino v Town of Babylon, 95 AD3d 1054, 1056 [2d Dept 2012] [internal quotation marks omitted]). ", "A drained fuel pump may present an obvious danger insofar as it contains gas vapors or some trace amount of gasoline, and thus there may be no duty to warn a purchaser of such. ", "The circumstances here, however, are quite different, and we cannot conclude that there is no duty as a matter of law to warn a scrap yard of gallons of gasoline concealed inside a fuel pump that has been sold to the scrap yard with the explicit representation that the pump has been drained.", "\nFinally, we reject defendants' contention that, even if they owed plaintiff a duty of care, summary judgment dismissing the complaint is warranted because the action of plaintiff's coworker was the sole proximate cause of plaintiff's injuries and defendants merely \"furnished the condition\" for the accident. \"", "As a general rule, the question of proximate cause is to be decided by the finder of fact, aided by appropriate instructions\" (Derdiarian v Felix Contr. ", "Corp., 51 NY2d 308, 312 [1980], rearg denied 52 NY2d 784 [1980]; see Ard v Thompson & Johnson Equip. ", "Co., Inc., 128 AD3d 1490, 1491 [4th Dept 2015]). ", "We conclude that the action of plaintiff's coworker in sending the pumps to the shredder was \"within the class of foreseeable hazards\" (Di Ponzio v Riordan, 89 NY2d 578, 584 [1997]). ", "Thus \"a jury could rationally [find] that . . . ", "there was a causal connection between [defendants' alleged] negligence and plaintiff's injuries' \" (Ard, 128 AD3d at 1491, quoting McMorrow v Trimper, 149 AD2d 971, 972 [4th Dept 1989], affd for the reasons stated 74 NY2d 830, 832 [1989]).", "\nEntered: February 2, 2018\nMark W. Bennett\nClerk of the Court\n\n\n" ]

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[ "Development and Validation of an HPLC Method for Simultaneous Determination of Rifampicin, Isoniazid, Pyrazinamide, and Ethambutol Hydrochloride in Pharmaceutical Formulations.", "\nTuberculosis treatment consists of a fixed dose combination of rifampicin (RIF), isoniazid (INH), pyrazinamide (PYZ), and ethambutol hydrochloride (EMB). ", "The combined treatment using various drugs is necessary for patient curing, without recrudescence, and for prevention of drug-resistant mutants, which may occur during treatment. ", "An HPLC-diode array detector (DAD) method for the simultaneous determination of RIF, INH, PYZ, and EMB in fixed dose combination tablets was developed and validated. ", "Chromatographic experiments were performed on an Agilent 1200 HPLC system, and the separation was carried out on a Purospher STAR RP18e (250×4.6 mm id, 5 μm, Merck) analytical column. ", "Gradient elution was carried out with a mobile phase of 20 mM monobasic sodium phosphate buffer with 0.2% triethylamine (pH 7.0) and acetonitrile at a flow rate of 1.5 mL/min. ", "The total run time was 12 min, and the re-equilibration time was 5 min. ", "EMB detection was performed at 210 nm, and RIF, INH, and PYZ were detected at 238 nm, using a DAD. ", "The method proved to be specific, linear (r2>0.99), precise (RSD<2%), accurate, and robust and may be applied to the QC analysis of pharmaceutical formulations." ]

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[ "Aug 26 · 56 minutes\n\nOn this week's IAYF, hosts Michael Gallagher, Geert De Lombaerde and Megan Seling look into their crystal hockey puck and try to predict what the Nashville Predators roster might look like come October ... er, December. ", "When does the season start again?", "\n\n\n\nAnyway, there's a whole crop of young Preds prospects itching to get on NHL ice, and general manager David Poile has said it's time to make some changes. ", "Will 2020-21 be Eeli Tolvanen's season to shine? ", "And what could Milwaukee stars like Rem Pitlick, Daniel Carr, Alexandre Carrier and Yakov Trenin bring to the table given the opportunity to play more than a handful of games with the team?", "\n\n\n\nAlso discussed: Everyone's always talking about who should be traded, but is there a Predator who wants to be sent to a new city? ", "And could Pekka Rinne be happy as the back-up goalie?", "\n\n\n\nPlus: Goodbye, Mike Milbury!" ]

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[ "SequoiaDB\n\nSequoiaDB is a multi-model NewSQL database.", "\n\nSequoiaDB provides distributed NewSQL, distributed file system and object storage, and high-performance NoSQL storage modes, corresponding to distributed online transactions, unstructured data and content management, as well as massive data management and high performance access scenarios.", "\n\nSequoiaDB's first release is in 2013, SequoiaDB was open-source in December 2014. ", "The latest release of SequoiaDB is v3.0.", "\n\nIn 2017 and 2018, SequoiaDB is listed in Gartner’s database report, and is the first Chinese database vendor listed. ", " .", "\n\nLicense \nSequoiaDB database engine is under GNU Affero General Public License (AGPL V 3.0) license, and the clients, drivers and connectors are under Apache License V2.0.", "\n\nInfrastructure \n\nSequoiaDB applies distributed structure. ", "In a client terminal (or an application terminal), local or/and remote applications are linked to SequoiaDB client library. ", "Local or/and remote applications communicate with catalog node under TCP/IP protocol. ", "Catalog node doesn't store any user data. ", "It is only a node that receive requests and distribute them to target data nodes. ", "\nCoord node store system metadata information. ", "Coord nodes get the location of data on data nodes by communicating with catalog nodes. ", "\nData nodes are used to store users' data information.", "\n\nSequoiaDB 3.0 uses a \"Storage-SQL\" architecture, which SQL layer and storage engine layer are independent of each other, similar architectures also appear on many new-generation distributed databases such as AWS's Aurora.", "\n\nFeatures \nTransactions and ACID: \nSequoiaDB provide full ACID support and transactions cross nodes/clusters. ", "ACID is the basis of a transactional database. ", "SequoiaDB 3.0 has fully supported ACID and 100% support atomicity, consistency, isolation, and durability (ACID).", "\n\nStandard SQL Support: SequoiaDB provides a distributed SQL engine plugin called SequoiaSQL, which supports standard SQL-2003 and MySQL/PostgreSQL both on syntax and protocol level.", "\n\nMulti-Model: SequoiaDB supports both relational(structured), object data (unstructured) and JSON (semi-structured) data at the same time. ", "For storage engine, SequoiaDB uses JSON document-oriented data storage model. ", "JSON-based storage is perfect for integrating the heterogeneous data within the enterprise provides a standard way.", "\n\nHTAP: The operational DBMS is then evolving, with new, innovative entrants and incumbents supporting the in-DBMS analytical capability. ", "SequoiaDB has its Spark connector to integrate with Spark. ", "It can be used as a data source of Spark and support Spark SQL.", "\n\nDisaster Recovery: SequoiaDB uses MPP architecture to serve GDPS natively. ", "It has the flexibility to be deployed based on the customer High Availability requirements. ", "SequoiaDB supports the active-active data centers depending on the network capacity. ", "SequoiaDB deployment for dual data centers in the same city works perfectly. ", "But it's hard if the data centers are far away, for instance, data centers in different cities.", "\n\nProgramming language support \nSequoiaDB supports a lot of programming languages, including C, C++, C#, Java, PHP, Python etc.", "\n\nReferences\n\nExternal links \n \n Bankmark NoSQL Benchmark: http://msrg.utoronto.ca/papers/NoSQLBenchmark\n\nCategory:2013 software\nCategory:NoSQL\nCategory:Software using the GNU AGPL license" ]

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[ "Q:\n\nChanging FrameTicks of ListPlot\n\nI am unable to change the frameticks for my list plot.", "\nI am trying to plot a growth rate omega function which looks like this:\nClear[\\[Omega]3, \\[Omega], \\[Epsilon], h, K1, \\[Delta], q, Bi, m]\n\\[Omega]3 = \\[Epsilon]/((h + K1)^2) - h^3 q^4 - Bo h^2 q^2 + \n m q^2 h^2/((h + K1)^2) + \\[Delta] h^3 q^2/((Bi h + K1)^3)\n\\[Omega] = \\[Omega]3 /. {\\[Epsilon] -> 6.01*10^-8, \\[Delta] -> \n 5.19*10^-7, K1 -> 1, Bi -> 1, m -> 0.1092, Bo -> 0}\n\nI vary the q via a table and capture the film thickness for omega=0 for \nListPlot[\n Table[\n q = qx;\n 2.35 FindRoot[\\[Omega] == 0, {h, 1}][[1]][[2]],\n {qx, 0.1, 2, 0.1}\n ],\n PlotRange -> {{0, 21}, {0.0, 4}},\n AxesLabel -> {\"wavenumber\", \"Growth rate\"},\n BaseStyle -> {FontSize -> 18},\n Frame -> {True, True, False, False},\n FrameLabel -> {\"Wavenumber, q\", \n \"\\!\\(\\*SubscriptBox[\\(h\\), \\(\\[Omega] = 0\\)]\\)[mm]\"},\n PlotStyle -> Directive[Thick, Black, PointSize[Large]]\n ]\n\nThe plot looks like this:\n\nThe x axis has grid points and not the values of q. Is there any way I could have q values instead of grid points?", "\n\nA:\n\nI think the fastest way is not to change the ticks but to change the argument of ListPlot to:\nTable[\n {q = qx,\n 2.35 FindRoot[\\[Omega] == 0, {h, 1}][[1]][[2]]\n },\n{qx, 0.1, 2, 0.1}\n ]\n\nEdit: so like b.gatessucks said in comment while I was writing this post. :)", "\n\nA:\n\nThere are two ways.", "\nThe first way is to specify your data differently to get pairs of numbers like this:\ndatatoplot = Table[{qx,\n 2.35 FindRoot[(\\[Omega] /. q -> qx) == 0, {h, 1}][[1]][[2]]}, {qx, \n 0.1, 2, 0.1}]\n\nListPlot[datatoplot, PlotRange -> {{0, 2.5}, {0.0, 4}}, \n AxesLabel -> {\"wavenumber\", \"Growth rate\"}, \n BaseStyle -> {FontSize -> 18}, Frame -> {True, True, False, False}, \n FrameLabel -> {\"Wavenumber, q\", \n \"\\!\\(\\*SubscriptBox[\\(h\\), \\(\\[Omega] = 0\\)]\\)[mm]\"}, \n PlotStyle -> Directive[Thick, Black, PointSize[Large]]]\n\nAlternatively, use the FrameTicks option to ListPlot to replace the tick label at each point.", "\nListPlot[datatoplot2, PlotRange -> {{0, 20}, {0.0, 4}}, \n AxesLabel -> {\"wavenumber\", \"Growth rate\"}, \n BaseStyle -> {FontSize -> 18}, Frame -> {True, True, False, False}, \n FrameTicks -> {{Automatic, \n None}, {Transpose[{Range[0, 20, 5], Range[0, 2, 0.5]}], None}}, \n FrameLabel -> {\"Wavenumber, q\", \n \"\\!\\(\\*SubscriptBox[\\(h\\), \\(\\[Omega] = 0\\)]\\)[mm]\"}, \n PlotStyle -> Directive[Thick, Black, PointSize[Large]]]\n\nYou can tweak the presentation according to taste. ", "Have a look at some of the other questions about Ticks for some ideas.", "\n\n" ]

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[ "Orangutan deal\nraises concerns\n\nThe city is still trying to work out plans to move Rusti the orangutan to the Honolulu Zoo more than two months after Mayor Jeremy Harris made the announcement.", "\n\nBecause of the delay, plans to break ground on a new habitat for Rusti this summer are behind schedule, said Sherry Broder, a Honolulu attorney working for the Orangutan Foundation International, Rusti's owner.", "\n\nThe latest wrinkle is a letter to Harris from the American Zoo and Aquarium Association noting that the proposed agreement between the city and the Orangutan Foundation conflicts with the association's accreditation standards for zoos.", "\n\nMary Healy, chairwoman of the association's accreditation commission, wrote Harris on March 31 that several aspects of the city's agreement with the Orangutan Foundation give it, rather than the city zoo director, authority over management decisions for Rusti. ", "That, she wrote, \"may place the zoo's accreditation in jeopardy.\"", "\n\nHealy also noted that proposed funding of $200,000 for a new enclosure for Rusti does not appear to be adequate.", "\n\n\"Our intent is to assist the Honolulu Zoo in maintaining the standards of excellence required to be a member of the elite group of 214 zoos and aquariums accredited by AZA,\" Healy wrote.", "\n\nYesterday, city Managing Director Ben Lee wrote Healy, saying, \"We believe the arrangement referenced (between the city and the Orangutan Foundation) is consistent with AZA guidelines and does not conflict with accreditation standards.\"", "\n\nThat statement has not been completed yet, Broder said.", "\n\nA month ago, the City Council's Parks Committee postponed accepting the Orangutan Foundation's gift of a new enclosure for Rusti because of questions:\n\n» Why the city's proposed agreement eliminates liability for the Orangutan Foundation and its employees for any injuries or damage caused by Rusti if a foundation employee makes a mistake that leads to an escape or problem.", "\n\n» Whether a provision in the agreement allowing a foundation collection box by Rusti's cage would violate Kapiolani Park Trust rules against commercial activity in the park, which includes the zoo.", "\n\n» What would happen if a proper enclosure for Rusti cannot be built for the $200,000 specified in the agreement.", "\n\n» Why a proposed Orangutan Foundation sanctuary on the Big Island was never built." ]

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[ "Swimming at the 2015 Southeast Asian Games – Men's 100 metre freestyle\n\nThe men's 100 metre freestyle competition of the swimming event at the 2015 Southeast Asian Games was held on 7 June at the OCBC Aquatic Centre in Kallang, Singapore.", "\n\nRecords\nPrior to this competition, the existing Asian and Games records were as follows:\n\nThe following records were established during the competition:\n\nSchedule\nAll times are Singapore Standard Time (UTC+08:00)\n\nResults\n\nHeat 1\n\nHeat 1 was held on 7 June.", "\n\nHeat 2\n\nHeat 2 was held on 7 June.", "\n\nFinal\n\nThe final was held on 7 June.", "\n\nReferences\n\nExternal links\n \n\nMen's 100 metre freestyle" ]

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[ "Working from home with windows open on nice day Mowing crew shows up and have to shut windows for conference call\n\n179 shares" ]

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[ "Wednesday, March 28, 2007\n\nNew Transformers Posters!.. ", "And More News.", "\n\nOptimus Prime and Megatron look like they're about to kick each other's mufflers in this one (Does Megatron have a muffler?).", "\n\nThe first posters for the Transformers movies coming out on July have surfaced on the web just a few hours ago and are currently being reproduced digitally, Photoshopped and turned into desktop wallpers at an alarming rate. ", "I put a couple of these babies in the old computer myself. ", "Want one?", "\n\nMore Transformers related news - its official! ", "Hugo Weaving is the voice of Megatron! ", "Yes! ", "Agent Smith. ", "Elrond. ", "V. Also Keith David (bottom) of '80's shocker The Thing(I almost threw up during this movie when I was a kid), They Live ( a really cool Wes Craven camp-fest) and other movies where he is the token black dude is cast as the voice of Decepticon, Barricade.", "\n\n3 Comments:\n\nHi. ", "We sent you the e-Ticket for the Philippine Blog Awards 2007. ", "Please show this at the registration table. ", "You will then be given two entrance tickets: one for you and another for your guest. ", "If you have not received your e-Ticket or have any questions please email philippineblogawards [at] gmail [dot] com. ", "Best of luck to you and your blog. ", "See you there!" ]

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[ "Salam to Attur distance, location, road map and direction\n\nSalam is located in Iraq at the longitude of 44.4 and latitude of 32.52. ", "Attur is located in India at the longitude of 78.6 and latitude of 11.6 .", "\n\nDistance between Salam and Attur\n\nThe total straight line distance between Salam and Attur is 4192 KM (kilometers) and 997.46 meters. ", "The miles based distance from Salam to Attur is 2605.4 miles. ", "This is a straight line distance and so most of the time the actual travel distance between Salam and Attur may be higher or vary due to curvature of the road .", "\n\nTime Difference between Salam and Attur\n\nSalam universal time is 2.96 Coordinated Universal Time(UTC) and Attur universal time is 5.24 UTC. ", "The time difference between Salam and Attur is -2.28 decimal hours. ", "Note: Salam and Attur time calculation is based on UTC time of the particular city. ", "It may vary from country standard time , local time etc.", "\n\nSalam To Attur travel time\n\nSalam is located around 4192 KM away from Attur so if you travel at the consistent speed of 50 KM per hour you can reach Attur in 83.86 hours. ", "Your Attur travel time may vary due to your bus speed, train speed or depending upon the vehicle you use.", "\n\nSalam To Attur road map\n\nAttur is located nearly west side to Salam. ", "The given west direction from Salam is only approximate. ", "The given google map shows the direction in which the blue color line indicates road connectivity to Attur . ", "In the travel map towards Attur you may find en route hotels, tourist spots, picnic spots, petrol pumps and various religious places. ", "The given google map is not comfortable to view all the places as per your expectation then to view street maps, local places see our detailed map here.", "\n\nSalam To Attur driving direction\n\nThe following diriving direction guides you to reach Attur from Salam. ", "Our straight line distance may vary from google distance.", "\n\nTravel Distance from Salam\n\nThe onward journey distance may vary from downward distance due to one way traffic road. ", "This website gives the travel information and distance for all the cities in the globe. ", "For example if you have any queries like what is the distance between Salam and Attur ? ", "and How far is Salam from Attur?. ", "Driving distance between Salam and Attur. ", "Salam to Attur distance by road. ", "Distance between Salam and Attur is 4192 KM / 2605.4 miles. ", "It will answer those queires aslo. ", "Some popular travel routes and their links are given here :-\n\nTravelers and visitors are welcome to write more travel information about Salam and Attur.", "\n\nIt can be your previous travel experience between Salam and Attur.", "\n\nAvailable transport routes to reach Attur like train routes, bus routes, air routes and cruise routes.", "\n\nTourist places or any other important places on the routes between Salam and Attur." ]

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[ "Insulators\n\nThese are excellent 3\" extension insulator used on T-Posts for wire or polywire. ", "If you are looking for just a little more offset from the T post that a normal 2\" offset, these insulators should work well. ", "Simply clamp onto the post and run the wire. ", "Learn More\n\nThis insulator is used when you need to put the wire on the \"wrong\" side or the back side of the T Post. ", "It connects by wrapping around the T post and when installed correctly holds the wire off the post about 5 inches. ", "Learn More\n\nThis insulator is used when you need to put the wire on the \"wrong\" side or the back side of the T Post. ", "It connects by wrapping around the T post and when installed correctly holds the wire off the post about 5 inches. ", "Learn More\n\nThis insulator screws onto T posts for a very secure fit. ", "They need to be slid down from the top of the post and then tightened into position. ", "They hold the wire close to the post and can be used for all types of wire and polywire. ", "Learn More\n\nThis insulator screws onto T posts for a very secure fit. ", "They need to be slid down from the top of the post and then tightened into position. ", "They hold the wire close to the post and can be used for all types of wire and polywire. ", "Learn More\n\nThese are excellent 3\" extension insulator used on T-Posts for wire or polywire. ", "If you are looking for just a little more offset from the T post that a normal 2\" offset, these insulators should work well. ", "Simply clamp onto the post and run the wire. ", "Learn More" ]

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[ "Q:\n\nBoost asio TCP async server not async?", "\n\nI am using the code provided in the Boost example.", "\nThe server only accepts 1 connection at a time. ", "This means, no new connections until the current one is closed.", "\nHow to make the above code accept unlimited connections at the same time?", "\n#include <cstdlib>\n#include <iostream>\n#include <memory>\n#include <utility>\n#include <boost/asio.hpp>\n\nusing boost::asio::ip::tcp;\n\nclass session\n : public std::enable_shared_from_this<session>\n{\npublic:\n session(tcp::socket socket)\n : socket_(std::move(socket))\n {\n }\n\n void start()\n {\n do_read();\n }\n\nprivate:\n void do_read()\n {\n auto self(shared_from_this());\n socket_.async_read_some(boost::asio::buffer(data_, max_length),\n [this, self](boost::system::error_code ec, std::size_t length)\n {\n if (!", "ec)\n {\n boost::this_thread::sleep(boost::posix_time::milliseconds(10000));//sleep some time\n do_write(length);\n }\n });\n }\n\n void do_write(std::size_t length)\n {\n auto self(shared_from_this());\n boost::asio::async_write(socket_, boost::asio::buffer(data_, length),\n [this, self](boost::system::error_code ec, std::size_t /*length*/)\n {\n if (!", "ec)\n {\n do_read();\n }\n });\n }\n\n tcp::socket socket_;\n enum { max_length = 1024 };\n char data_[max_length];\n};\n\nclass server\n{\npublic:\n server(boost::asio::io_service& io_service, short port)\n : acceptor_(io_service, tcp::endpoint(tcp::v4(), port)),\n socket_(io_service)\n {\n do_accept();\n }\n\nprivate:\n void do_accept()\n {\n acceptor_.async_accept(socket_,\n [this](boost::system::error_code ec)\n {\n if (!", "ec)\n {\n std::make_shared<session>(std::move(socket_))->start();\n }\n\n do_accept();\n });\n }\n\n tcp::acceptor acceptor_;\n tcp::socket socket_;\n};\n\nint main(int argc, char* argv[])\n{\n try\n {\n if (argc !", "= 2)\n {\n std::cerr << \"Usage: async_tcp_echo_server <port>\\n\";\n return 1;\n }\n\n boost::asio::io_service io_service;\n\n server s(io_service, std::atoi(argv[1]));\n\n io_service.run();\n }\n catch (std::exception& e)\n {\n std::cerr << \"Exception: \" << e.what() << \"\\n\";\n }\n\n return 0;\n}\n\nAs you see, the program waits for the sleep and it doesn't grab a second connection in the meantime.", "\n\nA:\n\nYou're doing a synchronous wait inside the handler which runs on the only thread that serves your io_service. ", "This makes Asio wait with invoking the handlers for any new requests.", "\n\nUse a deadline_time with wait_async, or, \nvoid do_read() {\n auto self(shared_from_this());\n socket_.async_read_some(boost::asio::buffer(data_, max_length),\n [this, self](boost::system::error_code ec, std::size_t length) {\n if (!", "ec) {\n timer_.expires_from_now(boost::posix_time::seconds(1));\n timer_.async_wait([this, self, length](boost::system::error_code ec) {\n if (!", "ec)\n do_write(length);\n });\n }\n });\n}\n\nWhere the timer_ field is a boost::asio::deadline_timer member of session\nas a poor-man's solution add more threads (this simply means that if more requests arrive at the same time than there are threads to handle them, it will still block until the first thread becomes available to pick up the new request)\nboost::thread_group tg;\nfor (int i=0; i < 10; ++i)\n tg.create_thread([&]{ io_service.run(); });\n\ntg.join_all();\n\n" ]

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[ "The Let's Play Archive\n\nPart 9: The Orange Star Factory - some strategic notes\n\nThe Orange Star factory - some strategic notes\n\nThis is a factory. ", "Say hello, factory.", "\n\n... well, I guess I shouldn't expect anything more sensible from Flak's factory.", "\n\nFactories are, essentially, horribly broken. ", "They can produce units for Black Hole free of charge, landing straight on to the three squares in front of the factory, and the produced units can move and fire on the same turn that they're built. ", "So not only do they wreck the idea of you trying to win a war using superior economics, but they can lead to some very nasty surprise attacks (for example, I think on one turn during the Blue Moon factory mission, Lash springs three Neotanks on you). ", "Factories can't be destroyed directly, although you can block them from deploying by parking on the three squares in front of the factory, where the units come out.", "\n\nComing out of the back of the factory is one of Black Hole's notorious pipes, feeding the factory with the raw materials it needs to make units. ", "Even air units can't fly over pipes, although long-range units can fire over them (I guess they must set their firing barrels at a very high angle or something...). ", "The pipe is also indestructible. ", "But there is a weak point...\n\n... a seam where two sections of pipe are bolted together. ", "This behaves just like any other breakable Black Hole structure, and bombers, long range units and the heavier tanks can do serious damage here. ", "Our objective is to break this seam: do it and the factory shuts down, winning us the mission and liberating Orange Star. ", "Crossing the rivers to the north and capturing that base and airport are the key to this. ", "We've also got a couple of missile silos - they won't damage the pipe seam, but they could be handy for a number of reasons - slowing down capturing infantry, damaging Flak's larger concentrations of units, and so on.", "\n\nHowever, factory missions are hard, and annoying, and I fully expect my string of six 300-pointers (and one 297-pointer) to come to an end here.", "\n\nAnyway, which CO to use? ", "Each one has their advantages and disadvantages for this mission:\n\nMax has the firepower to take down the seam in one hit, if he can grab the airport and get a full-health bomber there. ", "A medium tank or a neotank can also make fairly short work of the seam, although he'd have to grab those bases first. ", "The airport and bases will probably be heavily contested, so that won't be a walk in the park. ", "His strong tanks will also stand a reasonable chance of pushing back all the units that come out of Flak's factory. ", "However, Max's weak indirects mean that taking on the seam that way isn't really an option. ", "So although Max has a good Plan A, if Flak gets a decent anti-aircraft force going then Max doesn't have much of a Plan B.\n\nSami's infantry and mechs will have an easier time grabbing those key bases and that airport, and if she needs to defend her HQ she can always produce a giant mech flood to gum up Flak's assault. ", "Her weaker air units and tanks will make taking down the seam a bit tougher, although a rocket on the forest square directly south of the pipe seam would be in a nice position.", "\n\nAndy offers an all-round package of having any strategy work reasonably well, but the weakness of not having one killer strategy. ", "Andy might have more trouble than the others defending his HQ, but Hyper Repair and Hyper Upgrade will help even out the economic advantage that the Factory gives Flak, as well as giving a new lease of life to any units that get crippled while trying to attack the seam, letting them finish the job in style. ", "As with Max, he'll have to fight hard to secure the base and airport.", "\n\nSo, all three COs have advantages and disadvantages here. ", "I'll try my best with whichever CO you pick, although if I get really stuck I may switch to a different one." ]

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[ "Ribbonfish\n\nThe ribbonfish are any lampriform fishes in the family Trachipteridae. ", "These pelagic fish are named for their slim, ribbon-like appearance. ", "They are rarely seen alive, as they typically live in deep waters, though are not bottom feeders.", "\n\nThey are readily recognized by their anatomy — a long, compressed, tape-like body, short head, narrow mouth and feeble teeth. ", "A high dorsal fin occupies the whole length of the back; an anal fin is absent, and the caudal fin, if present, consists of two fascicles of rays of which the upper is prolonged and directed upwards. ", "The pectoral fins are small, the pelvic fins composed of several rays, or of one long ray only. ", "They have heavy spines along their lateral lines, and numerous lumps in the skin. ", "Ribbonfish possess all the characteristics of fish living at very great depths. ", "Their fins especially, and the membrane connecting them, are of a very delicate and brittle structure. ", "In young ribbonfish, some of the fin-rays are prolonged to an extraordinary degree, and sometimes provided with appendages.", "\n\nSpecimens have been taken in the Atlantic, the Mediterranean, the Bay of Bengal, at Mauritius, and in the Pacific. ", "The species from the Atlantic has occurred chiefly on the northern coasts, Iceland, Scandinavia, Orkney, and Scotland. ", "The north Atlantic species is known in English as deal fish, in Icelandic as vogmær and in Swedish as vågmär. ", "Its length is usually 5 to 8 ft (1.5–3.5 m), but it can sometimes be found at over 20 ft. ", "Specimens seem usually to be driven to the shore by gales in winter, and are sometimes left by the tide. ", "S. Nilsson, however, in Scandinavia observed a living specimen in two or three fathoms (4–5 m) of water moving something like a flatfish with one side turned obliquely upwards. ", "A specimen of Trachipterus ishikawae was discovered on a beach in Kenting, Taiwan, in November 2007, alive but with a 10-cm cut wound to its side, and was returned to deeper water.", "\n\nThe species Trachipterus ishikawae is commonly called \"earthquake fish\" in Taiwan because the fish are popularly believed to appear following major earthquake events due to alleged sensitivity to disturbances in the ocean floor. ", "Records of such appearances were made following a 100-year earthquake in Hengchun in late 2006 and in Taidong in 2007, as well as the numerous recent March 2010 sightings along the coast of Japan, but other recorded sightings do not correspond with seismic disturbances.", "\n\nReferences\n\nExternal links\n Fisherman net rare \"earthquake\" fish video - Reuters\n www.thefreedictionary.com/Ribbon+fish Ribbon fish at The Free Dictionary\n\nCategory:Trachipteridae" ]

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[ "Q:\n\nSolving an exponential multivariate equation\n\nI have the following equation:\np = 1/(1 + E^(-51.179 + 0.849 x1 + 2.3649 x2 + 1.155 x3 + 1.46 x4 + 1.31 x5))\n\nand I want to find the set of values for x1 to x5 such that the fraction be equal to 0.5.In other words, I want x1-x5 values for which p==0.5. ", "I tried NSolve and Reduce but those didn't work. ", "All x1-x5 are between 0 and 10.", "\nI searched the list but I couldn't come up with a solution. ", "Any help is appreciated.", "\n\nA:\n\nFindInstance[p == 0.5, {x1, x2, x3, x4, x5}]\n\nGives:\n\n{{x1 -> -3.5 + 4.9 I, x2 -> -0.6 - 1.1 I, x3 -> -3.2 + 0.5 I, \n x4 -> -0.2 - 2.5 I, x5 -> 45.4637 + 44.3225 I}}\n\nYou can also limit the domain and ask to find n instances\n sol = FindInstance[p == 0.5, {x1, x2, x3, x4, x5}, Reals, 3]\n\n{{x1 -> -7.5, x2 -> -3.7, x3 -> -0.5, x4 -> 14.4, x5 -> 35.0001},\n {x1 -> 6.6, x2 -> -11.2, x3 -> -5., ", "x4 -> 5.9, x5 -> 52.8424}, \n {x1 -> 11.4, x2 -> 14.9, x3 -> 5.2, x4 -> 11.3, x5 -> -12.3974}}\n\nCheck\np /. sol \n\n{0.5, 0.5, 0.5}\n\nTo specifically select values that meet your criteria do the following:\nFindInstance[{p == 0.5, x1 > 0 && x1 <= 10, x2 > 0 && x2 <= 10, \n x3 > 0 && x3 <= 10, x4 > 0 && x4 <= 10, x5 > 0 && x5 <= 10}, {x1, \n x2, x3, x4, x5}, Reals]\n\nGives \n\n{{x1 -> 1.06349, x2 -> 4.66239, x3 -> 10., ", "x4 -> 10., ", "x5 -> 10.}}", "\n\n" ]

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[ "Selection based on progeny testing induces rapid changes in myostatin allele frequencies - a case study in sheep.", "\nIn this study we show that selection based on progeny testing is able to induce a rapid change in allele frequency, even when a fairly broad and balanced breeding goal is applied. ", "The myostatin 3'-UTR mutation (c.*1232G>A) previously found to affect muscularity in Texel sheep is also present in the Norwegian White Sheep population. ", "By genotyping the rams used for artificial insemination (born in1977-2006), a rapid increase in the c.*1232G>A allele frequency was observed, from 0.31 in 1990 to 0.82 in 2006. ", "The major increase was observed after BLUP-based breeding values and the EUROP classification system for carcass quality was implemented in 1991 and 1996, respectively. ", "The MSTN frameshift mutation c.960delG, recently identified in this population, did not show a similar increase in allele frequency during the same period, in spite that it has a strong desirable effect on meat and fat traits. ", "The results also illustrate that unwanted side effects can rapidly be introduced into a population using an efficient breeding scheme. ", "A system for monitoring changes in phenotypic traits additional to those under selection is therefore recommended to identify possible side effects at an early stage." ]

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[ "Q:\n\nMap one xml to List of SObject?", "\n\nI am quite new in Xml parsing.", "\ni am having a XMl\n<company>\n<account>\n <id>8c98a6be</id>\n <label>4356</label>\n <reference>4356</reference>\n</account>\n <date>2012-06-05</date>\n <advertisers>\n <advertiser><id>7</id><name>ABC Telecom</name></advertiser>\n <advertiser><id>106</id><name>ABC_Ozone</name></advertiser>\n <advertiser><id>13</id><name>Acme Corp</name></advertiser>\n </advertisers>\n</company>\n\nwhich i am parsing thru this code.", "\npublic class XMLParser {\n public static void parseXML(String xmlValue) {\n Dom.", "Document doc = new Dom.", "Document();\n try {\n doc.load(xmlValue);\n DOM.XMLNode root = doc.getRootElement();\n loadChilds(root);\n } catch (System.", "XMLException e) {\n System.debug( e.getMessage());\n }\n }\n public static void loadChilds(DOM.XMLNode node) {\n if (node.getNodeType() == DOM.XMLNodeType.", "ELEMENT) {\n System.debug(node.getName()\n '+'\n node.getText());\n }\n for (Dom.", "XMLNode child: node.getChildElements()) {\n loadChilds(child);\n }\n }\n}\n\ni want to create a list of List<advertiser__c>. ", "how do i parse it to achieve a list with all repeated advertiser with all other details i.e data , id , label,reference. ", " \n\nA:\n\nThe Apex DOM parser is the simplest to use. ", "The code would look something like this:\npublic static Advertiser__c[] parseXML(String xmlValue) {\n Dom.", "Document doc = new Dom.", "Document();\n doc.load(xmlValue);\n Advertiser__c[] advertisers = new Advertiser__c[] {};\n for (Dom.", "XmlNode child : doc.getRootElement().getChildElement('advertisers', null).getChildElements()) {\n if (child().getNamespace() == null && child.getName() == 'advertiser') {\n String id = child.getChildElement('id', null).getText();\n String name = child.getChildElement('name', null).getText();\n advertisers.add(new Advertiser__c(Id = (Id) id, Name = name));\n }\n }\n return advertisers;\n}\n\nAs your XML does not use namespaces, the namespace arguments are set to null where required.", "\n\n" ]

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[ "Viewer Comments about the Blue Mustang Sculpture Near DIA\n\nThe following are viewer comments about the Blue Mustang sculpture located near DIA. ", "Some of the comments were read on 9News at Noon on Thursday, March 13.", "\n\nI read your story online about the \"Mustang\" at DIA. ", "Funny... I thought it would have been appropriately referred to as a \"Bronco\". ", "That thing is hideous - it looks starved with it's ribs showing and veins popping. ", "But the part that I thought was particularly interesting was the line, \"The Denver Office of Cultural Affairs says public response to the sculpture has been about 50-50. ", "The staff thinks more people would like the Mustang if they learned about the artist and his work.\" ", "COME ON PEOPLE! ", "It's at the AIRPORT...were VISITORS arrive. ", "Who is going to do research on public art at the airports they visit. ", "Then further research the artist??? ", "How classy would it look all white? (", "Including the eyes.) ", "Then it would even match the BRONCO atop the main entrance of Invesco...a real tourist attraction. ", "Sarah Gohn\n\nI was traveling last week and I saw the sculpture for the first time. ", "My first impression was \"Wow that's ugly!\" ", "The color scheme is gross, blue and black with red eyes.", "\n\nDIA represents Denver in an awesome way, making our city look good. ", "Shouldn't the artwork at DIA reflect the same?", "\n\nIn the online 9news article, it says the staff at The Denver Office of Cultural Affairs thinks more people would like it, if they knew about the artist. ", "Well, maybe the staff should design a campaign to educate the people of Denver and visitors of the artist's background and other work. ", "So the sculpture will be more widely accepted. ", "Cory of Denver\n\nI saw the scary mustang for the first time Sunday night when I drove to the airport to pick up a visitor. ", "First of all, it diverted my attention from driving because I was trying to figure out if this Bronco-looking figure really had glaring red eyes. ", "My next reaction was \"why in the world is that there?\" ", "Lastly… why a Bronco and why at the airport? ", "It might as well scream \"Go Broncos\" when you drive by or spit out footballs for people to take home as souvenirs. ", "This state has so much to offer so why do we want the last image in people's mind to be a huge horse with red eyes?", "\n\nI haven't seen the Bronco in the daylight. ", "Guess I'll get my first chance tomorrow when I take my husband to catch a morning flight. ", "Not sure what to expect. ", "No matter what it looks like, I don't think it needs to be there. ", "We need less intimidating, more tasteful sculpture that represents our lovely, natural state.", "\n\nJust wanted to add… I'm sure there is a place where this sculpture would fit nicely, but it does not work at DIA! ", "Betsy Allen\n\nThe sculpture looks dark and evil, it makes Denver look like a bad place to be…… I just think it send the wrong message to visitors. ", "Daniel Lukens\n\nIt is not Art! ", "What a shame that people flying into what some already feel is a \"cow town\" must see even from the air, it looks evil, ugly and disgusting! ", "It should be replaced before the DNC with a more positive piece of art for sure! ", "It is an embarrassment and BAD image to represent the State of Colorado. ", "Did we as tax payers pay hard earned money for it? ", "Was someone not overseeing the project to the finish? ", "Sam and Mary Dardano of Lakewood\n\nMy first look at the DIA horse was just before sunrise on February 29. ", "When I saw the glowing red eyes, my first reaction was to name it a nightmare (pun intended). ", "Dick Sugg\n\nI think it is Absolutely Horrible. ", "I'm not an Art Buff, but come on, that is some STRANGE Art. ", "That thing looks EVIL. ", "It would seem to be more prominent in front of the Gates of Hell. ", "Instead some idiotic government official (or collective committee), felt it should greet people to Colorado. ", "How is it that this Monstrosity is to be representative of the Beauty and Spirit that is Colorado? ", "My children saw it in the paper and they both exclaimed, with LOUD Shrieks of Horror, that is SCARY. ", "That isn't real is it Daddy? ", "Obviously, I won't be taking my Family for Portraits with the Hideous thing. ", "Glad to know my State Government is spending my TAX dollars wisely. ", "I guess I wouldn't be so Miffed if I (or the Public for that matter) were involved in the decision making.", "\n\nA Statue for Colorado…YES Looking like something that belongs on the cover of a DIO album…..NO!!!! ", "John Hartley\n\nI hate it! ", "During all the years of delay in getting it make, I hoped that it would get canceled. ", "No such luck. ", "As far as the art critics, they are the insane walking among us. ", "Marlin in Denver\n\nI think that horse is the most unique cool art piece I have ever seen. ", "I thought the eyes were kind of orange like the Broncos! ", "It truly makes a great statement about Denver and our western heritage. ", "It should stay!!! ", "Shirley Thomas\n\nI love the Mustang by Luis Jimenez at the airport. ", "To me it represents the majesty and wildness that was a hallmark of the west. ", "Maybe we've all become to tamed to appreciate something out of the ordinary. ", "It's a good thing that there is controversy. ", "It means this great piece of art doesn't just blend into the landscape, and gives Denver a unique visual welcome to all that fly into our airport. ", "Kathee Kiehn\n\nThis sculpture is ugly and evil looking. ", "I am a horse lover, but am disturbed when I see this piece of expensive trash. ", "Shame on the city for wasting money on this horrid thing. ", "Instead of being greeted by something the plains are known for such as a soothing, welcoming statue of a horse, visitors are visually assaulted by this disturbing and evil looking piece of trash. ", "Just because someone proclaims himself an artist doesn't mean the taxpayers should be forced to pay for his \"work\". ", "Fine art indeed, More like Junk Art! ", "Kandy\n\nI saw your segment on the 12 p.m. news regarding the mustang sculpture. ", "My opinion is that the sculpture is one of the most bizarre and disturbing things I have ever seen. ", "I believe this is a terrible representation for the city of Denver, especially because we are going to be in the national limelight soon; and if it is true that only 50 percent of our citizens like it, then that is good reason to remove it. ", "I would like to know how much that monstrosity costs the taxpayers of Denver. ", "Donna P.\n\nWhat I like about it...\n\n... can't see it from my house\n\n... doesn't block a view of the mountains\n\n.. seems to fit in with fiberglass at Elitch's Tom, Centennial\n\nI just saw the Mustang for the first time on 9 news. ", "I think it's horrible looking ,art or not It shouldn't be at our airport! ", "It really doesn't represent Colorado at all! ", "Nancy Stork\n\nIt's a beautiful, creative piece of art. ", "Some people can't accept anything new, then drag their superstitions into their opinion. ", "Open your minds people! ", "Creativity is in your inner self, not in your beliefs. ", "Bill from Carbondale\n\nI saw the Mustang for the first time this morning. ", "I find it to be incredibly creepy! ", "The red glowing eyes are a bit much, and take away from what may be a very beautiful piece of art. ", "It's hard to tell what the rest of the Mustang looks like just driving by, and it was very dark at 6:00 am. ", "In the dark all you can see are those awful eyes glowing at you. ", "Jennie, Denver\n\nAs a horse lover, veterinarian, and artist myself I must express the horror that I felt the first time I saw that statue at DIA. ", "It was the last week of February, and both my husband and I agreed that it is inappropriate and frightening. ", "I think the fact that the sculptor was killed while working on it shows that perhaps it shouldn't have been completed and put up. ", "I can only hope that some one removes it, or at least repaints it and cut the power off to its eyes. ", "Dr. Kimberly Brewster\n\nA work of art so hideous it killed the artist. ", "Penny Burke Littleton, CO\n\nMove it to a more appropriate location. ", "Denver has strived for years to \"upgrade\" the city's image in order to compete for convention business as a Modern Metropolitan location. ", "One of the continuing challenges is convincing people that Denver is more than a \"Cow-Town\" in the Mountains. ", "The sculpture is a substantial step backwards. ", "If a horse is a good idea, then perhaps a sculpture of someone panning for gold would be great! ", "John in Denver\n\nThe giant, blue, raging, demon horse at DIA is just another example of trash \"art\" at the airport. ", "Whomever is in charge of wasting money at this airport for Platte River trash, cactus garden turned into a fountain that is supposed to resemble the mountain range, giant paper airplanes and propellers that don't spin should be fired, fined and jailed. ", "Money could be spent much better to actually benefit the travelers at DIA. ", "Unfortunately, this concept has not nor probably never happen. ", "Kathy Hinkle, Arvada\n\nIf the sculpture was white - like Bucky - it would be fine, but the blue body with electric red eyes is ugly. ", "Linda\n\nBetter it should be Babe the blue ox than that monstrosity. ", "But why spend that kind of money on so-called art? ", "Spend it on housing the homeless or feeding the hungry. ", "Jim Bahrenburg\n\nAs an employee at DIA I see this sculpture almost daily and think it is one of the most hideous pieces of art I have ever seen. ", "The art critics are wrong!!! ", "Not only is it ugly and out of place, but it is cursed! ", "The mustang has killed once (the artist) and is bound to kill again. ", "Many employees have named the horse DIAblo, an appropriate name based on its look and history. ", "This horse should be removed from the airport and replaced with a piece that is more pleasing to the eye and fits in better with the environment out there. ", "Robert Mills Every piece of art has a place somewhere. ", "With half of the Denver's residents thinking the horse invokes feelings of evil and intimidation, its place is NOT near DIA. ", "Denver & Colorado are known for being friendly. ", "Why display something that communicates feelings just the opposite of that? ", "That's not very \"welcoming\". ", "Let's place it at the Denver Art Museum, where its admirers can visit it whenever they want! ", "Jacci Peterson Fort Collins\n\nI think it's great! ", "For the Democratic Convention, could some VERY long donkey ears be temporarily added to it to make the delegates and candidates feel more welcome as they arrive and leave via DIA? ", "Susan P.S. The red eyes are probably to keep airplanes from running into it. ", "I LOVE the horse! ", "Linda Huckaba It is UGLY and EVIL Looking!!!!", "\n\nGet rid of this sculpture, it is a terrible greeting for both visitors to Denver airport and also to us who live here and frequently travel to DIA. ", "Either junk it or if the people who like it want to donate money, then move it to a site inside a building where the rest of us don't have to look at it!!! ", "Thanks, BigJimMcD\n\nI am an artist with good taste. ", "That mustang sculpture at DIA is the ugliest thing I have ever seen and called art. ", "You should feel good about arriving in Denver, but one look at that mustang and it's a negative feeling. ", "That piece MUST go!!!!!!!!! ", "Joel It is kind of weird looking for a piece of art to welcome people to our State.", "\n\nWhy don't we get the Love Triangle from Loveland that was in the news so much? ", "That would be perfect!! ", "Bob from Loveland\n\nIt is the ugliest thing I have ever seen. ", "I think it gives Denver a bad reputation. ", "Linda, from Arvada\n\nI recently was at DIA and was surprised when I seen the Mustang sculpture. ", "What is the purpose of the statue? ", "The blue color is not appropriate. ", "The color is atrocious. ", "Is this an appropriate symbol of Colorado to welcome visitors to our great state? ", "It would be a nicer sculpture if it had been done in a metal such as bronze. ", "Mary\n\nThe DIA Mustang is ugliest thing that I have seen in years. ", "We feel that it will scare the children. ", "It looks EVIL .", "\n\nA herd of buffalo sculpture would be better or at least a horse that looks like the one at Mile high stadium . ", "Don in Frederick\n\nDIA Horse: Looks like it's on amphetamines. ", "Scott Pro\n\nIt's ugly. ", "Nancy Duncan I saw it early Saturday morning. ", "I was taken aback by the red glowing eyes! ", "Change the eyes to white light and it won't be so spooky looking. ", "I don't mind the blue color of the horse, just don't like the red glowing eyes. ", "Kathy in Golden\n\nLove it! ", "Bob Copeland\n\nI must admit that I have to wonder why we have such a grotesquely colored statue of a bronco near our beautiful airport? ", "Why not a white stallion (in honor of the broncos and matching DIA)? ", "Colorado is a beautiful state filled with natural beauty – though the sculpture itself is well done, it's coloration makes it an eyesore. ", "Please consider white washing it Just my opinion Ravenna Windwalker\n\nI saw the Mustang the day after it went up when it was still wrapped up, and white. ", "To me, the sculpture only propagates the \"cow-town\" mentality of Denver, and is not very \"cosmopolitan\". ", "Painting it blue and red also implies a connection to the Denver Broncos. ", "Unfortunately, not everyone likes the western mentality or football. ", "Despite it's innovation in fiberglass art, perhaps a more stylistically neutral sculpture (delivered on time and as a donation) would have received a better welcoming from Denver tourists and residents. ", "Erik de Roos\n\nThis thing looks like a monster on steroids. ", "It has had nothing but bad luck since it was commissioned. ", "I understand that the artist was killed before it was completed. ", "The red eyes glow like some type of demonic icon. ", "It is u-g-l-y and it has no alibi. ", "If horses could talk, they would be aghast at how un horse it looks. ", "I hope that my taxpayer money had nothing to do with this hideous looking, alien sort of being. ", "Thanks Kevin M. Haley\n\nWhy does the Mustang have to be blue of all colors but to make matters worst those stupid glowing red eyes? ", "Why in the world did any body make the Mustang have the eyes glow. ", "Jennifer Coe\n\nA garish atrocity. ", "Bigger is certainly not better in this case. ", "Looks more like a dragon and will likely give small children nightmares! ", "John Alexander\n\nWhy not put a really huge pink flamingo out on the lawn for all to see. ", "That is about the taste of the blue mustang. ", "Wendy Miller I work at FedEx express across the street from the Sculpture so I see it everyday. ", "The closer you get the worse it looks but from across the street it looks just fine. ", "Edward That thing is horrific! ", "It needs to go! ", "Teresa\n\nI think it is a refreshing bold statement in an otherwise bland landscape. ", "With knowing the story of the artist behind it you can't resist to not stare at it and feel something. ", "I Love It! ", "Joy, Colorado Native\n\nThe new sculpture at DIA is beautiful during the day, but once it gets dark, the \"evil\" looking red lights welcome you to the airport. ", "Is there any way they can change the color of those lights? ", "Krisi Lundberg\n\nI realize the artist that created the mustang died while finishing this piece and I mean disrespect to him or his family but since you asked, I think the sculpture is the most hideous piece of art I have EVER seen! ", "The color is so strange- who would ever paint a mustang blue? ", "but the worst part of the whole thing is the FIRE red eyes. ", "This does not create a warm friendly welcome to Denver. ", "I think we need to paint it a softer, more neutral color and take out the glowing red eyes! ", "Katie\n\nThe horse could have more impact on people if they could see it and be able to pause and examine it. ", "But, since the placement follows the artist's wishes (who was not bright enough to avoid being killed by the thing), it is no wonder that most of us who travel out there often cannot appreciate the work while we are driving by at the speed limit. ", "Dennis Gease\n\nAbsolutely hideous! ", "Now if it would have been brown and white, or black and white ...but blue and those eyes! ", "They should swap the horse in front of the DAM... Marie F Frisch\n\nI have been by that sculpture a few times both day and night, and I will say that it is ugly in the day- the blue paint looks poorly done; and downright scary at night- those eyes! ", "It looks like the thing is possessed and is going to chase my car all the way home. ", "It could give Denver a bad rep for having a possessed horse right outside the airport. ", "On the other hand, it could help with airport security! ", "Kevin\n\nWhen I first heard about the Sculpture, I thought that might be a nice touch to the airport, but after seeing the statue on numerous occasions, I now feel it should be torn down immediately and destroyed. ", "It is one of the ugliest statues I have ever seen. ", "Why in the world would DIA or the City agree or allow this statue to be put up. ", "David Minor\n\nI think the mustang sculpture is scary I would not like my kids to see it. ", "I think if the color was changed it might help. ", "Those eyes are evil looking. ", "Lori\n\nI think this sculpture is tacky and offensive. ", "The general appearance and color, particularly the eyes, makes the statue appear evil and surreal. ", "My 7-year old daughter, who LOVES horses, said she didn't like it, it was scary looking. ", "I think that some of the value should be salvaged by repainting it. ", "Robert\n\nWell in my opinion, the blue and orange twist is a little trite and tacky. ", "That said, it is a distinguishing feature of the airport and a conversation piece; I think that is what art is all about so I am a fan! ", "Nancy\n\nI understand that art is different for everyone. ", "I appreciate and enjoy good art, but to me, the blue stallion near DIA is not art. ", "It is a gaudy piece of plastic that cheapens our airport and our city. ", "First our baggage system is ridiculed (with good cause), now our unsophisticated taste. ", "When will it stop? ", "Stanley\n\nI really like the idea of the horse statue and it's a great location - fits with this being the West and DIA looking like mountains/tepees.", "\n\nHOWEVER, it should be white (or brown) and NOT have red eyes. ", "The eyes are very disturbing and the whole thing is very distracting because of the eyes as you drive by on Pena Blvd. ", "At the very least, the statue can remain blue but should have normal eyes. ", "The red eyes are the worst feature. ", "Wendy Luck\n\nWhat an amazing waste of money especially with the economy as it is. ", "Whoever decided to waste the money on such a frivolous thing could have donated their money to the needy. ", "JH – Denver\n\nI think it is demonic looking with its glowing red eyes. ", "Christine\n\nI've been out to DIA in the last two weeks to drop off and pick up passenger; have yet to see the horse.... so it must not be very visible. ", "Or, maybe I am one of the few drivers that keeps their eye and mind on driving!!! ", "B Blake Aurora, CO\n\nIf the 'Blue' Mustang is going to stay --- at least change the color of the eyes! ", "The glowing red looks disturbing! ", "My vote – place a eye-pleasing sign reading \"Thanks for visiting Colorado...come back soon\" Less is more! ", "Mac – Denver\n\nI've only driven by the statue during the late afternoon, but it is a majestic site. ", "The raw beauty is very evident in every line. ", "The eyes, however, make it seem very evil and menacing. ", "They detract from the whole significance of the statue to our city and state. ", "We are not evil and scary, but want to be warm and welcoming.", "\n\nIf they could change the eyes so they appeared normal, the whole statue would have its intended effect upon people arriving or leaving our state via our also beautiful, Denver International Airport. ", "Cathy Petersen, Thornton\n\nIt is art, and art has always been controversial. ", "It is also what each person sees in it. ", "I also feel it is rude how people keep making degrading remarks about it, after the fact the artist died. ", "Renee Young\n\nI love the Mustang Sculpture, but turn off those red eyes! ", "They make the horse look evil!! ", "Diane K Corwin Our family came back from a trip to Disneyland and saw the sculpture as we were exiting the airport. ", "My seven year old said \"Wow... what's that? ", "It looks evil with those red eyes.\" ", "I think that says it all! ", "Mary Lee Isenhart\n\nSeriously! ", "This is the last/first impression we want to leave tourists with? ", "A poorly painted blue bronco with brake lights for eyes! ", "Fine leave it there, but take the plug out and then take a Black & Decker Power sander to the paint! ", "It would look a damn sight better just as a bare metal sculpture. ", "John Carmichael\n\nI saw the horse...and then read the article about it a week later in the Arts section of the Denver Post. ", "I did not know the history behind the project, however the tone of the article suggested that this mustang is considered sacred. ", "My initial impression of the Mustang was that it was a morbid piece of art with it's glowing red eyes and ribs sticking out - it seemed like a horse in panic and wild with fear....but then I realized how appropriate for something representing Colorado and the current economy. ", "It seems most of the people you talk to these days are barely staying afloat, if they haven't already lost their house or their job. ", "I think most people in this state ARE living in a state of fear and controlled panic, so in hindsight the horse seems appropriate to welcome everyone to our great state of Colorado. ", "Sherri Overdorf\n\nI think the blue mustang sculpture is ugly, embarrassing, and a terrible waste of money. ", "Whoever commissioned that piece of work should be sent packing if they haven't been already. ", "Carolyn Brinkmeyer, Aurora\n\nI thought it was very nice except for the red eyes! ", "Cindy J. Garner\n\nIt is ugly, very ugly. ", "The eyes are just evil, and the color of the horse is just wrong. ", "The blue is pretty but for a bronco it's just not right. ", "The history of the artist is very interesting, but I think he could have done the coloring of the sculpture different. ", "The actual sculpture is really good, but the coloring is what makes it so ugly. ", "Poor horse…lol it looks like what a Smurf would ride if they had horses. ", "Maria\n\nI love it! ", "I think its beautiful and eerie! ", "Sarah McKay\n\nLove it! ", "Statuesque, beautiful, a real keeper. ", "Maybe do something about the devil eyes, but overall gorgeous! ", "Sharleen I think the DIA bronco as just a sculpture is great. ", "It's presence is impossible to miss and it is a stunning piece. ", "And then the sun goes down. ", "The red light eyes are so tacky and silly. ", "They ruin a good piece with a Las Vegas-esque tack. ", "Devon Adams Denver Why is it out there? ", "The red eyes on the mustang are disturbing and creepy, especially late at night. ", "Becky Adams Take it down !!! ", "It looks retarded !! ", "Blue and goofy looking…it looks like Barney the dinosaur on steroids. ", "Gary, Centennial From the photos, the horse looks very majestic; however, after driving by and seeing the horse in the flesh so to speak, I think the eyes are creepy and the protruding ribs make the horse look emaciated. ", "Maybe he just needs a Bronco Orange blanket on his back. ", "Debra DeHague, Denver Looks like a bad oversized lawn ornament. ", "Eric Sinister – Evil – Disturbing In my opinion those are the emotions typically derived from viewing the Stallion sculpture at DIA. ", "If anyone were to ask me I would never have spent money on public artwork that creates negative emotions and negative impressions at the gateway to our airport. ", "As a Denver native I am amazed at how our money can be wasted on so called \"art\". ", "If the piece was meant to leave an impression on the viewer, maybe someone should have told the artist we're not trying to drive everyone away from Denver, we kind of like it when they come to visit. ", "Mike Rogers, Denver, CO\n\nIt's beautiful and in a perfect spot as you enter the airport – not a fan of the red eyes, though. ", "Lisa\n\nThe horse is nice but the blue color is ugly and the red eyes satanic. ", "Paint is a bronze color and it will be a much better welcome to Colorado visitors. ", "Mark From Parker\n\nAs a native of this beautiful state of Colorado I am horrified that this piece of art was chosen. ", "We have so many incredibly talented artist here in this great state many of which are displayed inside DIA. ", "I don't think this is the image we want to give those flying into our airport. ", "To have chosen something so demonic looking to welcome weary travelers into our state is a sad statement. ", "Peggy Moffitt, Parker, CO\n\nI really like the new statue, especially at night. ", "It's a tragic story concerning the sculptor's death, which makes the statue even more forceful in my eyes. ", "Kenyon Waugh – Lyons\n\nThat is the most ridiculous piece of \"artwork\" I have ever seen. ", "I was embarrassed to take a friend of mine to the airport the other week. ", "I don't understand the history, or why it is there, but I pray that the Mayor could not find anything better to do with the money to justify that awful \"artwork\" Dave\n\nfreaky red eyes!! ", "Christi B. Sullivan\n\nIt's awful! ", "I was horrified when I saw what my tax dollars had been spent on. ", "With it's blazing red eyes & raised front legs, not a very welcoming image to give people arriving & leaving DIA. ", "MaryEllen Karlson\n\nI really like it! ", "It looks a lot like TD at Mile High Stadium. ", "It really gets your attention coming or going from the airport! ", "John Harrison, Colorado Springs\n\nI think it was a big waste of money. ", "Sherri K. Kaczor The Horse is ugly. ", "Tom White\n\nJust drove past it this week taking my husband to the airport at 5am...I thought it looked demonic...kind of spooky and scary. ", "Why would Denver want this as a symbol of the city? ", "Maybe if the eyes were changed it would be ok and simply look like a blue metal sculpture but the eyes make it look like something from a \"Chucky movie\" Christine Chance, Westminster\n\nThe sculpture is ugly by daylight and with the red lights for eyes it is scary by night! ", "Liz\n\nThe idea of the mustang is a great one, but the statue itself is disturbing. ", "The red eyes just seem so menacing and definitely not a welcoming sight to see when first entering Denver. ", "It's not really a great parting vision either. ", "Rachelle Jimenez-Galvan\n\nWe waited 15 years for this? ", "It reminds me of the red-eyed monster in Ghostbusters. ", "Dan Cohen\n\nyuk. ", "We drove out to see the great Mustang and I ended up laughing hysterically. ", "Born and raised here I am horrified anyone thinks that is representative of our state and it's taste in art - you can't even laugh it off as being Bronco Blue. ", "I felt like an idiot after telling my husband about it and then seeing this huge blue thing with red eyes out of some weird Nightmare on Elm Street movie. ", "How stunning it could have been in a normal metal shade as almost a larger than life tribute to the western culture here in Colorado. ", "I guess all those cowboys with tennis shoes and pink cowboy hats must be thrilled.", "\n\nShame on Denver and what a waste of time and money, not to mention the life of the sculptor Lori Smith, Westminster\n\nIt is absolutely terrifying!! ", "For those of us who are a little timid to fly, to be greeted by a huge steed who looks like it will come to life and with a headless horseman on top, is enough to make us turn around and head back home. ", "The red glowing eyes look like fireballs…not the proper way to say goodbye or welcome to visitors! ", "Anna Lamb\n\nI think it's eerie looking- the red eyes look like devils eyes. ", "Jan\n\nI haven't seen it up close, but it sounds grotesque. ", "As a person who was raised on a ranch and has love and respect for horses, why is it blue with raging red eyes? ", "A horse sculpture would be great if it resembled a real horse and the rich history that horses have in Colorado. ", "I guess you can take anything and make it ugly and because it is different, you'll probably always be able to find a group to call it \"art\". ", "What a way to give a lot of people their first impression of Colorado. ", "Thank goodness on clear days they'll be able to look West and see the mountains and still take in some beauty. ", "Ila J. Beale I love the Mustang sculpture, but the red eyes have to go…they just look evil! ", "Can't the eyes be blue or white lights? ", "Alison\n\nThat is not a sculpture, I feels represents Denver Colorado. ", "Marion S. Monteleone\n\nI think that it is hideous. ", "Daniel Gannon\n\nTraveling is not as glamorous as it was. ", "Now you have to deal with parking, the correct size carry-on, make sure your 3oz or less bottles will fit in one baggie, and TSA lines. ", "So the last thing I want to see as I approach the airport is a possessed, dragon looking horse. ", "It even scared my 8 year old daughter. ", "My preference would be to have it removed and placed in a large dark closet - it can haunt the spiders! ", "Ron, Arvada\n\nWhat a waste of Taxpayer dollars. ", "I had no idea it was a mustang. ", "Most people I talk to on the shuttle to the airport think it is a bronco for the Denver Broncos. ", "That is also why I thought it was blue. ", "Maybe it is a bit of intimidation for teams arriving in town to play the Broncos. ", "It should face the other way if it is to intimidate the teams on their way into town. ", "Steve Tarket\n\nIt looks evil. ", "Those red eyes gotta go! ", "Maybe the whole thing should go! ", "Additionally – how does that represent Denver? ", "Or Colorado for that matter? ", "Get rid of it! ", "Bonnie\n\nA circus horse to go with the circus tent! ", "Renae\n\nI've driven by the DIA Mustang Sculpture twice and it looks like the eyes glow red. ", "I like the sculpture, because it adds something new and interesting to look at, but the eyes are disconcerting. ", "Dana Franklin, Denver, CO\n\nI just don't think the mustang sculpture is what we need by our airport. ", "What does it represent? ", "The color is horrible, I drove my father to the airport last week and all I would say to myself was \" What are these people thinking, this is crazy\" Tiffany Cooper\n\nThe new mustang at DIA looks possessed. ", "That's just my thought. ", "Jessica Buchanan This sculpture was a HUGE disappointment for me as a long-time Colorado and Denver area resident. ", "I finally saw this \"art\" about a month ago at night when I was going to DIA to pick someone up. ", "Even at night, I was appalled. ", "The glowing red eyes? ", "Are you serious? ", "I was waiting for the theatrical dry ice smoke to come out of its nostrils next! ", "Only a week later when I returned to DIA in the daylight did I see what this thing really looked like. ", "This sculpture is garish at best: bulging red veins, bared teeth, and the blue it's painted with looks like it was a leftover from a yard sale. ", "I have no problem with the idea of a mustang outside the airport as it represents the west and Colorado's history but this thing is a joke. ", "It looks like it belongs outside the Excalibur hotel in Las Vegas. ", "Something bronze and less clownish would've been much more well received I believe. ", "I have long been a fan of DIA's architecture with its clean lines and aesthetically pleasing interior and exterior designs. ", "Did no one get a final look at this sculpture before it was unveiled? ", "It's not like it hasn't been in the works for several years! ", "To throw this thing at the entrance to something that is so classic and well-designed is an insult and quite embarrassing if you ask me. ", "Mandy A.\n\nI like the new Blue Bronco statue at DIA. ", "It is quite intense. ", "The glowing orange eyes seem a bit of overkill – they scared the kids the other night! ", "John – Littleton\n\nI saw the scary mustang for the first time Sunday night when I drove to the airport to pick up a visitor. ", "First of all, it diverted my attention from driving because I was trying to figure out if this Bronco-looking figure really had glaring red eyes. ", "My next reaction was \"why in the world is that there?\" ", "Lastly… why a Bronco and why at the airport? ", "It might as well scream \"Go Broncos\" when you drive by or spit out footballs for people to take home as souvenirs. ", "This state has so much to offer so why do we want the last image in people's mind to be a huge horse with red eyes?", "\n\nI haven't seen the Bronco in the daylight. ", "Guess I'll get my first chance tomorrow when I take my husband to catch a morning flight. ", "Not sure what to expect. ", "No matter what it looks like, I don't think it needs to be there. ", "We need less intimidating, more tasteful sculpture that represents our lovely, natural state. ", "Betsy Allen\n\nI think it looks evil with the red eyes. ", "A very hideous and un-professional looking piece of art for a first class and very attractive airport. ", "Steve\n\nMaybe we could swap it with the beautiful mustangs at Invesco Field. ", "The intimidating demon horse seems more appropriate for the Broncos, And the wild mustangs running free seem like a better representation of our city. ", "Vickie\n\nThe sculpture is an absolute eyesore. ", "It's awful that it's the first and last thing visitors see! ", "What are we doing with purple horse with bright shining eyes? ", "Looks more like a purple dragon, and what's a dragon doing in Denver? ", "It can't be removed fast enough! ", "Dick Baumbusch\n\nI don't think it's a bad sculpture. ", "I thought of it as a Bronco and not a mustang. ", "Would have been much nicer to have it more in the colors of the Broncos. ", "Would have said more about Denver if it did.", "\n\nI do think it's totally in the wrong place. ", "I understand why it was put where it was because the intersecting of all the roads going in and out of DIA. ", "I say it's in the wrong place for safety reasons. ", "People will try Rubber Necking to see it while going around those corners. ", "A really bad idea for placement! ", "A better place would have been between the east and west bound traffic about 1/4 mile before you hit the curves and corners coming into DIA. ", "Carl\n\nI find the sculpture to be menacing -- especially those red eyes at night. ", "Freaks me out. ", "Helene\n\nThe size, the form etc are fantastic. ", "The colors of both the horse and the eyes are cheap looking and a great distraction to the otherwise fine art. ", "Norma J Schafer\n\nTotal waste of money. ", "And what is up with the horrid blue color? ", "Brian" ]

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[ "Cardiac arrhythmias may lead to heart disease and death. ", "Arrhythmias may be treated by medication, implantable devices, or by the ablation of specific heart tissue found to be causing arrhythmia. ", "Ablation may be performed by a number of techniques, including the local application of energy, for example, radio frequency energy, or by the application of cryogenic temperatures to the site of the problem tissue.", "\nThe specific heart tissue responsible for arrhythmia in a patient may be identified by moving a mapping catheter having one or more electrodes around the interior of the heart and measuring cardiac signals to sense changes in the electrical fields. ", "A map of the electrical conductivity of the heart may be formed from the measurements to identify abnormalities which may be candidates for ablation. ", "Some mapping catheters are designed such that the electrodes may physically contact the heart wall, including flexible designs that are inserted in a compact form and later deployed into a basket-like array. ", "Such an array is deployed after entrance into the heart, and undeployed upon completion of the mapping and prior to removal from the heart.", "\nDuring the mapping procedure, it may be beneficial to flush the array with an irrigation fluid, such as a saline solution, to reduce the formation of blood clots on the array. ", "The saline solution may include an anticoagulant, such as heparin, to further reduce clot formation." ]

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[ "/**\n * Module dependencies.", "\n */\n\nvar EventEmitter = require('events').EventEmitter;\nvar spawn = require('child_process').spawn;\nvar readlink = require('graceful-readlink').readlinkSync;\nvar path = require('path');\nvar dirname = path.dirname;\nvar basename = path.basename;\nvar fs = require('fs');\n\n/**\n * Expose the root command.", "\n */\n\nexports = module.exports = new Command();\n\n/**\n * Expose `Command`.", "\n */\n\nexports.", "Command = Command;\n\n/**\n * Expose `Option`.", "\n */\n\nexports.", "Option = Option;\n\n/**\n * Initialize a new `Option` with the given `flags` and `description`.", "\n *\n * @param {String} flags\n * @param {String} description\n * @api public\n */\n\nfunction Option(flags, description) {\n this.flags = flags;\n this.required = ~flags.indexOf('<');\n this.optional = ~flags.indexOf('[');\n this.bool = !", "~flags.indexOf('-no-');\n flags = flags.split(/[ ,|]+/);\n if (flags.length > 1 && !", "/^[[<]/.test(flags[1])) this.short = flags.shift();\n this.long = flags.shift();\n this.description = description || '';\n}\n\n/**\n * Return option name.", "\n *\n * @return {String}\n * @api private\n */\n\nOption.prototype.name = function() {\n return this.long\n .replace('--', '')\n .replace('no-', '');\n};\n\n/**\n * Check if `arg` matches the short or long flag.", "\n *\n * @param {String} arg\n * @return {Boolean}\n * @api private\n */\n\nOption.prototype.is = function(arg) {\n return arg == this.short || arg == this.long;\n};\n\n/**\n * Initialize a new `Command`.", "\n *\n * @param {String} name\n * @api public\n */\n\nfunction Command(name) {\n this.commands = [];\n this.options = [];\n this._execs = {};\n this._allowUnknownOption = false;\n this._args = [];\n this._name = name || '';\n}\n\n/**\n * Inherit from `EventEmitter.prototype`.", "\n */\n\nCommand.prototype.__proto__ = EventEmitter.prototype;\n\n/**\n * Add command `name`.", "\n *\n * The `.action()` callback is invoked when the\n * command `name` is specified via __ARGV__,\n * and the remaining arguments are applied to the\n * function for access.", "\n *\n * When the `name` is \"*\" an un-matched command\n * will be passed as the first arg, followed by\n * the rest of __ARGV__ remaining.", "\n *\n * Examples:\n *\n * program\n * .version('0.0.1')\n * .option('-C, --chdir <path>', 'change the working directory')\n * .option('-c, --config <path>', 'set config path. ", "defaults to ./deploy.conf')\n * .option('-T, --no-tests', 'ignore test hook')\n *\n * program\n * .command('setup')\n * .description('run remote setup commands')\n * .action(function() {\n * console.log('setup');\n * });\n *\n * program\n * .command('exec <cmd>')\n * .description('run the given remote command')\n * .action(function(cmd) {\n * console.log('exec \"%s\"', cmd);\n * });\n *\n * program\n * .command('teardown <dir> [otherDirs...]')\n * .description('run teardown commands')\n * .action(function(dir, otherDirs) {\n * console.log('dir \"%s\"', dir);\n * if (otherDirs) {\n * otherDirs.forEach(function (oDir) {\n * console.log('dir \"%s\"', oDir);\n * });\n * }\n * });\n *\n * program\n * .command('*')\n * .description('deploy the given env')\n * .action(function(env) {\n * console.log('deploying \"%s\"', env);\n * });\n *\n * program.parse(process.argv);\n *\n * @param {String} name\n * @param {String} [desc] for git-style sub-commands\n * @return {Command} the new command\n * @api public\n */\n\nCommand.prototype.command = function(name, desc, opts) {\n opts = opts || {};\n var args = name.split(/ +/);\n var cmd = new Command(args.shift());\n\n if (desc) {\n cmd.description(desc);\n this.executables = true;\n this._execs[cmd._name] = true;\n if (opts.isDefault) this.defaultExecutable = cmd._name;\n }\n\n cmd._noHelp = !!", "opts.noHelp;\n this.commands.push(cmd);\n cmd.parseExpectedArgs(args);\n cmd.parent = this;\n\n if (desc) return this;\n return cmd;\n};\n\n/**\n * Define argument syntax for the top-level command.", "\n *\n * @api public\n */\n\nCommand.prototype.arguments = function (desc) {\n return this.parseExpectedArgs(desc.split(/ +/));\n};\n\n/**\n * Add an implicit `help [cmd]` subcommand\n * which invokes `--help` for the given command.", "\n *\n * @api private\n */\n\nCommand.prototype.addImplicitHelpCommand = function() {\n this.command('help [cmd]', 'display help for [cmd]');\n};\n\n/**\n * Parse expected `args`.", "\n *\n * For example `[\"[type]\"]` becomes `[{ required: false, name: 'type' }]`.", "\n *\n * @param {Array} args\n * @return {Command} for chaining\n * @api public\n */\n\nCommand.prototype.parseExpectedArgs = function(args) {\n if (!", "args.length) return;\n var self = this;\n args.forEach(function(arg) {\n var argDetails = {\n required: false,\n name: '',\n variadic: false\n };\n\n switch (arg[0]) {\n case '<':\n argDetails.required = true;\n argDetails.name = arg.slice(1, -1);\n break;\n case '[':\n argDetails.name = arg.slice(1, -1);\n break;\n }\n\n if (argDetails.name.length > 3 && argDetails.name.slice(-3) === '...') {\n argDetails.variadic = true;\n argDetails.name = argDetails.name.slice(0, -3);\n }\n if (argDetails.name) {\n self._args.push(argDetails);\n }\n });\n return this;\n};\n\n/**\n * Register callback `fn` for the command.", "\n *\n * Examples:\n *\n * program\n * .command('help')\n * .description('display verbose help')\n * .action(function() {\n * // output help here\n * });\n *\n * @param {Function} fn\n * @return {Command} for chaining\n * @api public\n */\n\nCommand.prototype.action = function(fn) {\n var self = this;\n var listener = function(args, unknown) {\n // Parse any so-far unknown options\n args = args || [];\n unknown = unknown || [];\n\n var parsed = self.parseOptions(unknown);\n\n // Output help if necessary\n outputHelpIfNecessary(self, parsed.unknown);\n\n // If there are still any unknown options, then we simply\n // die, unless someone asked for help, in which case we give it\n // to them, and then we die.", "\n if (parsed.unknown.length > 0) {\n self.unknownOption(parsed.unknown[0]);\n }\n\n // Leftover arguments need to be pushed back. ", "Fixes issue #56\n if (parsed.args.length) args = parsed.args.concat(args);\n\n self._args.forEach(function(arg, i) {\n if (arg.required && null == args[i]) {\n self.missingArgument(arg.name);\n } else if (arg.variadic) {\n if (i !", "== self._args.length - 1) {\n self.variadicArgNotLast(arg.name);\n }\n\n args[i] = args.splice(i);\n }\n });\n\n // Always append ourselves to the end of the arguments,\n // to make sure we match the number of arguments the user\n // expects\n if (self._args.length) {\n args[self._args.length] = self;\n } else {\n args.push(self);\n }\n\n fn.apply(self, args);\n };\n var parent = this.parent || this;\n var name = parent === this ? '*' : ", "this._name;\n parent.on(name, listener);\n if (this._alias) parent.on(this._alias, listener);\n return this;\n};\n\n/**\n * Define option with `flags`, `description` and optional\n * coercion `fn`.", "\n *\n * The `flags` string should contain both the short and long flags,\n * separated by comma, a pipe or space. ", "The following are all valid\n * all will output this way when `--help` is used.", "\n *\n * \"-p, --pepper\"\n * \"-p|--pepper\"\n * \"-p --pepper\"\n *\n * Examples:\n *\n * // simple boolean defaulting to false\n * program.option('-p, --pepper', 'add pepper');\n *\n * --pepper\n * program.pepper\n * // => Boolean\n *\n * // simple boolean defaulting to true\n * program.option('-C, --no-cheese', 'remove cheese');\n *\n * program.cheese\n * // => true\n *\n * --no-cheese\n * program.cheese\n * // => false\n *\n * // required argument\n * program.option('-C, --chdir <path>', 'change the working directory');\n *\n * --chdir /tmp\n * program.chdir\n * // => \"/tmp\"\n *\n * // optional argument\n * program.option('-c, --cheese [type]', 'add cheese [marble]');\n *\n * @param {String} flags\n * @param {String} description\n * @param {Function|Mixed} fn or default\n * @param {Mixed} defaultValue\n * @return {Command} for chaining\n * @api public\n */\n\nCommand.prototype.option = function(flags, description, fn, defaultValue) {\n var self = this\n , option = new Option(flags, description)\n , oname = option.name()\n , name = camelcase(oname);\n\n // default as 3rd arg\n if (typeof fn !", "= 'function') {\n if (fn instanceof RegExp) {\n var regex = fn;\n fn = function(val, def) {\n var m = regex.exec(val);\n return m ? ", "m[0] : def;\n }\n }\n else {\n defaultValue = fn;\n fn = null;\n }\n }\n\n // preassign default value only for --no-*, [optional], or <required>\n if (false == option.bool || option.optional || option.required) {\n // when --no-* we make sure default is true\n if (false == option.bool) defaultValue = true;\n // preassign only if we have a default\n if (undefined !", "== defaultValue) self[name] = defaultValue;\n }\n\n // register the option\n this.options.push(option);\n\n // when it's passed assign the value\n // and conditionally invoke the callback\n this.on(oname, function(val) {\n // coercion\n if (null !", "== val && fn) val = fn(val, undefined === self[name]\n ? ", "defaultValue\n : self[name]);\n\n // unassigned or bool\n if ('boolean' == typeof self[name] || 'undefined' == typeof self[name]) {\n // if no value, bool true, and we have a default, then use it!", "\n if (null == val) {\n self[name] = option.bool\n ? ", "defaultValue || true\n : false;\n } else {\n self[name] = val;\n }\n } else if (null !", "== val) {\n // reassign\n self[name] = val;\n }\n });\n\n return this;\n};\n\n/**\n * Allow unknown options on the command line.", "\n *\n * @param {Boolean} arg if `true` or omitted, no error will be thrown\n * for unknown options.", "\n * @api public\n */\nCommand.prototype.allowUnknownOption = function(arg) {\n this._allowUnknownOption = arguments.length === 0 || arg;\n return this;\n};\n\n/**\n * Parse `argv`, settings options and invoking commands when defined.", "\n *\n * @param {Array} argv\n * @return {Command} for chaining\n * @api public\n */\n\nCommand.prototype.parse = function(argv) {\n // implicit help\n if (this.executables) this.addImplicitHelpCommand();\n\n // store raw args\n this.rawArgs = argv;\n\n // guess name\n this._name = this._name || basename(argv[1], '.js');\n\n // github-style sub-commands with no sub-command\n if (this.executables && argv.length < 3 && !", "this.defaultExecutable) {\n // this user needs help\n argv.push('--help');\n }\n\n // process argv\n var parsed = this.parseOptions(this.normalize(argv.slice(2)));\n var args = this.args = parsed.args;\n\n var result = this.parseArgs(this.args, parsed.unknown);\n\n // executable sub-commands\n var name = result.args[0];\n if (this._execs[name] && typeof this._execs[name] !", "= \"function\") {\n return this.executeSubCommand(argv, args, parsed.unknown);\n } else if (this.defaultExecutable) {\n // use the default subcommand\n args.unshift(name = this.defaultExecutable);\n return this.executeSubCommand(argv, args, parsed.unknown);\n }\n\n return result;\n};\n\n/**\n * Execute a sub-command executable.", "\n *\n * @param {Array} argv\n * @param {Array} args\n * @param {Array} unknown\n * @api private\n */\n\nCommand.prototype.executeSubCommand = function(argv, args, unknown) {\n args = args.concat(unknown);\n\n if (!", "args.length) this.help();\n if ('help' == args[0] && 1 == args.length) this.help();\n\n // <cmd> --help\n if ('help' == args[0]) {\n args[0] = args[1];\n args[1] = '--help';\n }\n\n // executable\n var f = argv[1];\n // name of the subcommand, link `pm-install`\n var bin = basename(f, '.js') + '-' + args[0];\n\n\n // In case of globally installed, get the base dir where executable\n // subcommand file should be located at\n var baseDir\n , link = readlink(f);\n\n // when symbolink is relative path\n if (link !", "== f && link.charAt(0) !", "== '/') {\n link = path.join(dirname(f), link)\n }\n baseDir = dirname(link);\n\n // prefer local `./<bin>` to bin in the $PATH\n var localBin = path.join(baseDir, bin);\n\n // whether bin file is a js script with explicit `.js` extension\n var isExplicitJS = false;\n if (exists(localBin + '.js')) {\n bin = localBin + '.js';\n isExplicitJS = true;\n } else if (exists(localBin)) {\n bin = localBin;\n }\n\n args = args.slice(1);\n\n var proc;\n if (process.platform !", "== 'win32') {\n if (isExplicitJS) {\n args.unshift(localBin);\n // add executable arguments to spawn\n args = (process.execArgv || []).concat(args);\n\n proc = spawn('node', args, { stdio: 'inherit', customFds: [0, 1, 2] });\n } else {\n proc = spawn(bin, args, { stdio: 'inherit', customFds: [0, 1, 2] });\n }\n } else {\n args.unshift(localBin);\n proc = spawn(process.execPath, args, { stdio: 'inherit'});\n }\n\n proc.on('close', process.exit.bind(process));\n proc.on('error', function(err) {\n if (err.code == \"ENOENT\") {\n console.error('\\n %s(1) does not exist, try --help\\n', bin);\n } else if (err.code == \"EACCES\") {\n console.error('\\n %s(1) not executable. ", "try chmod or run with root\\n', bin);\n }\n process.exit(1);\n });\n\n // Store the reference to the child process\n this.runningCommand = proc;\n};\n\n/**\n * Normalize `args`, splitting joined short flags. ", "For example\n * the arg \"-abc\" is equivalent to \"-a -b -c\".", "\n * This also normalizes equal sign and splits \"--abc=def\" into \"--abc def\".", "\n *\n * @param {Array} args\n * @return {Array}\n * @api private\n */\n\nCommand.prototype.normalize = function(args) {\n var ret = []\n , arg\n , lastOpt\n , index;\n\n for (var i = 0, len = args.length; i < len; ++i) {\n arg = args[i];\n if (i > 0) {\n lastOpt = this.optionFor(args[i-1]);\n }\n\n if (arg === '--') {\n // Honor option terminator\n ret = ret.concat(args.slice(i));\n break;\n } else if (lastOpt && lastOpt.required) {\n ret.push(arg);\n } else if (arg.length > 1 && '-' == arg[0] && '-' !", "= arg[1]) {\n arg.slice(1).split('').forEach(function(c) {\n ret.push('-' + c);\n });\n } else if (/^--/.test(arg) && ~(index = arg.indexOf('='))) {\n ret.push(arg.slice(0, index), arg.slice(index + 1));\n } else {\n ret.push(arg);\n }\n }\n\n return ret;\n};\n\n/**\n * Parse command `args`.", "\n *\n * When listener(s) are available those\n * callbacks are invoked, otherwise the \"*\"\n * event is emitted and those actions are invoked.", "\n *\n * @param {Array} args\n * @return {Command} for chaining\n * @api private\n */\n\nCommand.prototype.parseArgs = function(args, unknown) {\n var name;\n\n if (args.length) {\n name = args[0];\n if (this.listeners(name).length) {\n this.emit(args.shift(), args, unknown);\n } else {\n this.emit('*', args);\n }\n } else {\n outputHelpIfNecessary(this, unknown);\n\n // If there were no args and we have unknown options,\n // then they are extraneous and we need to error.", "\n if (unknown.length > 0) {\n this.unknownOption(unknown[0]);\n }\n }\n\n return this;\n};\n\n/**\n * Return an option matching `arg` if any.", "\n *\n * @param {String} arg\n * @return {Option}\n * @api private\n */\n\nCommand.prototype.optionFor = function(arg) {\n for (var i = 0, len = this.options.length; i < len; ++i) {\n if (this.options[i].is(arg)) {\n return this.options[i];\n }\n }\n};\n\n/**\n * Parse options from `argv` returning `argv`\n * void of these options.", "\n *\n * @param {Array} argv\n * @return {Array}\n * @api public\n */\n\nCommand.prototype.parseOptions = function(argv) {\n var args = []\n , len = argv.length\n , literal\n , option\n , arg;\n\n var unknownOptions = [];\n\n // parse options\n for (var i = 0; i < len; ++i) {\n arg = argv[i];\n\n // literal args after --\n if ('--' == arg) {\n literal = true;\n continue;\n }\n\n if (literal) {\n args.push(arg);\n continue;\n }\n\n // find matching Option\n option = this.optionFor(arg);\n\n // option is defined\n if (option) {\n // requires arg\n if (option.required) {\n arg = argv[++i];\n if (null == arg) return this.optionMissingArgument(option);\n this.emit(option.name(), arg);\n // optional arg\n } else if (option.optional) {\n arg = argv[i+1];\n if (null == arg || ('-' == arg[0] && '-' !", "= arg)) {\n arg = null;\n } else {\n ++i;\n }\n this.emit(option.name(), arg);\n // bool\n } else {\n this.emit(option.name());\n }\n continue;\n }\n\n // looks like an option\n if (arg.length > 1 && '-' == arg[0]) {\n unknownOptions.push(arg);\n\n // If the next argument looks like it might be\n // an argument for this option, we pass it on.", "\n // If it isn't, then it'll simply be ignored\n if (argv[i+1] && '-' !", "= argv[i+1][0]) {\n unknownOptions.push(argv[++i]);\n }\n continue;\n }\n\n // arg\n args.push(arg);\n }\n\n return { args: args, unknown: unknownOptions };\n};\n\n/**\n * Return an object containing options as key-value pairs\n *\n * @return {Object}\n * @api public\n */\nCommand.prototype.opts = function() {\n var result = {}\n , len = this.options.length;\n\n for (var i = 0 ; i < len; i++) {\n var key = camelcase(this.options[i].name());\n result[key] = key === 'version' ? ", "this._version : this[key];\n }\n return result;\n};\n\n/**\n * Argument `name` is missing.", "\n *\n * @param {String} name\n * @api private\n */\n\nCommand.prototype.missingArgument = function(name) {\n console.error();\n console.error(\" error: missing required argument `%s'\", name);\n console.error();\n process.exit(1);\n};\n\n/**\n * `Option` is missing an argument, but received `flag` or nothing.", "\n *\n * @param {String} option\n * @param {String} flag\n * @api private\n */\n\nCommand.prototype.optionMissingArgument = function(option, flag) {\n console.error();\n if (flag) {\n console.error(\" error: option `%s' argument missing, got `%s'\", option.flags, flag);\n } else {\n console.error(\" error: option `%s' argument missing\", option.flags);\n }\n console.error();\n process.exit(1);\n};\n\n/**\n * Unknown option `flag`.", "\n *\n * @param {String} flag\n * @api private\n */\n\nCommand.prototype.unknownOption = function(flag) {\n if (this._allowUnknownOption) return;\n console.error();\n console.error(\" error: unknown option `%s'\", flag);\n console.error();\n process.exit(1);\n};\n\n/**\n * Variadic argument with `name` is not the last argument as required.", "\n *\n * @param {String} name\n * @api private\n */\n\nCommand.prototype.variadicArgNotLast = function(name) {\n console.error();\n console.error(\" error: variadic arguments must be last `%s'\", name);\n console.error();\n process.exit(1);\n};\n\n/**\n * Set the program version to `str`.", "\n *\n * This method auto-registers the \"-V, --version\" flag\n * which will print the version number when passed.", "\n *\n * @param {String} str\n * @param {String} flags\n * @return {Command} for chaining\n * @api public\n */\n\nCommand.prototype.version = function(str, flags) {\n if (0 == arguments.length) return this._version;\n this._version = str;\n flags = flags || '-V, --version';\n this.option(flags, 'output the version number');\n this.on('version', function() {\n process.stdout.write(str + '\\n');\n process.exit(0);\n });\n return this;\n};\n\n/**\n * Set the description to `str`.", "\n *\n * @param {String} str\n * @return {String|Command}\n * @api public\n */\n\nCommand.prototype.description = function(str) {\n if (0 === arguments.length) return this._description;\n this._description = str;\n return this;\n};\n\n/**\n * Set an alias for the command\n *\n * @param {String} alias\n * @return {String|Command}\n * @api public\n */\n\nCommand.prototype.alias = function(alias) {\n if (0 == arguments.length) return this._alias;\n this._alias = alias;\n return this;\n};\n\n/**\n * Set / get the command usage `str`.", "\n *\n * @param {String} str\n * @return {String|Command}\n * @api public\n */\n\nCommand.prototype.usage = function(str) {\n var args = this._args.map(function(arg) {\n return humanReadableArgName(arg);\n });\n\n var usage = '[options]'\n + (this.commands.length ? ' [", "command]' : '')\n + (this._args.length ? ' ' ", "+ args.join(' ') : '');\n\n if (0 == arguments.length) return this._usage || usage;\n this._usage = str;\n\n return this;\n};\n\n/**\n * Get the name of the command\n *\n * @param {String} name\n * @return {String|Command}\n * @api public\n */\n\nCommand.prototype.name = function() {\n return this._name;\n};\n\n/**\n * Return the largest option length.", "\n *\n * @return {Number}\n * @api private\n */\n\nCommand.prototype.largestOptionLength = function() {\n return this.options.reduce(function(max, option) {\n return Math.max(max, option.flags.length);\n }, 0);\n};\n\n/**\n * Return help for options.", "\n *\n * @return {String}\n * @api private\n */\n\nCommand.prototype.optionHelp = function() {\n var width = this.largestOptionLength();\n\n // Prepend the help information\n return [pad('-h, --help', width) + ' ' + 'output usage information']\n .concat(this.options.map(function(option) {\n return pad(option.flags, width) + ' ' + option.description;\n }))\n .join('\\n');\n};\n\n/**\n * Return command help documentation.", "\n *\n * @return {String}\n * @api private\n */\n\nCommand.prototype.commandHelp = function() {\n if (!", "this.commands.length) return '';\n\n var commands = this.commands.filter(function(cmd) {\n return !", "cmd._noHelp;\n }).map(function(cmd) {\n var args = cmd._args.map(function(arg) {\n return humanReadableArgName(arg);\n }).join(' ');\n\n return [\n cmd._name\n + (cmd._alias ? '", "|' + cmd._alias : '')\n + (cmd.options.length ? ' [", "options]' : '')\n + ' ' + args\n , cmd.description()\n ];\n });\n\n var width = commands.reduce(function(max, command) {\n return Math.max(max, command[0].length);\n }, 0);\n\n return [\n ''\n , ' Commands:'\n , ''\n , commands.map(function(cmd) {\n var desc = cmd[1] ? ' ", " ' + cmd[1] : '';\n return pad(cmd[0], width) + desc;\n }).join('\\n').replace(/^/gm, ' ')\n , ''\n ].join('\\n');\n};\n\n/**\n * Return program help documentation.", "\n *\n * @return {String}\n * @api private\n */\n\nCommand.prototype.helpInformation = function() {\n var desc = [];\n if (this._description) {\n desc = [\n ' ' + this._description\n , ''\n ];\n }\n\n var cmdName = this._name;\n if (this._alias) {\n cmdName = cmdName + '|' + this._alias;\n }\n var usage = [\n ''\n ,' Usage: ' + cmdName + ' ' + this.usage()\n , ''\n ];\n\n var cmds = [];\n var commandHelp = this.commandHelp();\n if (commandHelp) cmds = [commandHelp];\n\n var options = [\n ' Options:'\n , ''\n , '' + this.optionHelp().replace(/^/gm, ' ')\n , ''\n , ''\n ];\n\n return usage\n .concat(cmds)\n .concat(desc)\n .concat(options)\n .join('\\n');\n};\n\n/**\n * Output help information for this command\n *\n * @api public\n */\n\nCommand.prototype.outputHelp = function(cb) {\n if (!", "cb) {\n cb = function(passthru) {\n return passthru;\n }\n }\n process.stdout.write(cb(this.helpInformation()));\n this.emit('--help');\n};\n\n/**\n * Output help information and exit.", "\n *\n * @api public\n */\n\nCommand.prototype.help = function(cb) {\n this.outputHelp(cb);\n process.exit();\n};\n\n/**\n * Camel-case the given `flag`\n *\n * @param {String} flag\n * @return {String}\n * @api private\n */\n\nfunction camelcase(flag) {\n return flag.split('-').reduce(function(str, word) {\n return str + word[0].toUpperCase() + word.slice(1);\n });\n}\n\n/**\n * Pad `str` to `width`.", "\n *\n * @param {String} str\n * @param {Number} width\n * @return {String}\n * @api private\n */\n\nfunction pad(str, width) {\n var len = Math.max(0, width - str.length);\n return str + Array(len + 1).join(' ');\n}\n\n/**\n * Output help information if necessary\n *\n * @param {Command} command to output help for\n * @param {Array} array of options to search for -h or --help\n * @api private\n */\n\nfunction outputHelpIfNecessary(cmd, options) {\n options = options || [];\n for (var i = 0; i < options.length; i++) {\n if (options[i] == '--help' || options[i] == '-h') {\n cmd.outputHelp();\n process.exit(0);\n }\n }\n}\n\n/**\n * Takes an argument an returns its human readable equivalent for help usage.", "\n *\n * @param {Object} arg\n * @return {String}\n * @api private\n */\n\nfunction humanReadableArgName(arg) {\n var nameOutput = arg.name + (arg.variadic === true ? '...' : '');", "\n\n return arg.required\n ? '", "<' + nameOutput + '>'\n : '[' + nameOutput + ']'\n}\n\n// for versions before node v0.8 when there weren't `fs.existsSync`\nfunction exists(file) {\n try {\n if (fs.statSync(file).isFile()) {\n return true;\n }\n } catch (e) {\n return false;\n }\n}\n\n" ]

{ "pile_set_name": "Github" }

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[ "Q:\n\nDataType attribute doesn't work\n\nIn ASP.NET MVC 3 web application I have a viewmodel with properties which marked with DataType attributes, but they don't do actual validation on cliant side, and on server side, Why?", "\npublic class RegisterModel\n{\n [Required(ErrorMessage = \"Phone number is required\")]\n [DataType(DataType.", "PhoneNumber)]\n [Display(Name = \"Phone number\")]\n public string PhoneNumber { get; set; }\n\n [Required(ErrorMessage = \"E-mail address is required\")]\n [DataType(DataType.", "EmailAddress, ErrorMessage = \"Please enter a valid date (ex: 2/14/2011)\")]\n [Display(Name = \"E-mail address\")]\n public string Email { get; set; }\n}\n\nThanks for replying.", "\n\nA:\n\nDataType attributes can't be used to validate user input. ", " They only provide hints for rendering values using templated helpers.", "\nIf there is not a built in validation attribute for what you need, eg, Range or Required, then what you should do is to create a custom property validation attribute and decorate your model property with that for the purposes of validation. ", " EG, for DataType.", "EmailAddress \nThis is described in Pro Asp.net mvc 3 Framework (Adam Freeman and Steve Sanderson, page 618 or thereabouts)\n\n" ]

{ "pile_set_name": "StackExchange" }

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[ "Q:\n\nStatement of Lagrange's theorem on determinants(elementary question).", "\n\nApologies for this elementary question; but I was unable to find a reference otherwise.", "\nLet $A, B, C$ be square matrices of the same dimension. ", "Then, \n$$\\begin{vmatrix} A & C \\\\\\ 0 & B \\end{vmatrix} = |A||B|.$$\nThe above statement is quite easy to prove using linearity etc properties of the determinant. ", " However this statement is supposed to be a special case of a general theorem of Lagrange(the existence of which I read about, in Artin's Galois theory book).", "\nSo what is this general theorem of Langrange, and could someone please provide a reference? ", "Most stuff is usually in Lang's Algebra, but not this one.", "\n\nA:\n\nLet $A_{S,T}$ denote the submatrix of $A$ with rows indexed by the elements of $S$ and columns\nby the elements of $T$; let $A'_{S,T}$ denote the submatrix of $A$ with rows indexed by the \nelements not in $S$ and columns by the elements not in $T$. Then we have an expansion\n$$\n \\det(A) = \\sum_T (-1)^{\\omega(S,T)} \\det(A_{S,T})\\det(A'_{S,T})\n$$\nwhere $\\omega(S,T)=|S|+|T|$ and $S$ is a fixed $k$-subset of the rows of $A$ and $T$ runs over\nall $k$-subsets of the columns.", "\nAs you can see this makes short work of your identity. ", " If you can prove the usual row expansion using exterior algebra, you can prove this generalization. ", " I do not know a reference, but this expansion will be in any of the classical books on determinants\n(possibly ascribed to Laplace). ", "It can be used to provide a nice proof of the Pluecker relations, satisfied by the $n\\times n$ minors of an $n\\times 2n$ matrix.", "\n\n" ]

{ "pile_set_name": "StackExchange" }

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[ "The invention relates to devices and methods for percutaneous endocardial revascularization of the heart using a flash lamp-pumped laser.", "\nTransmyocardial revascularization (TMR) is a surgical treatment for cardiovascular disease. ", "Present TMR procedure is an open chest technique (thoracotomy) that uses a laser beam to drill holes through the myocardium, typically into the left ventricle. ", "These holes or channels extend through the entire heart wall thickness from the outside through to the ventricle. ", "The openings of the channels on the outside surface of the heart heal due to external pressure from the surgeon, but the channels are believed to remain open on the inside, allowing blood to enter the heart wall tissue from the ventricle.", "\nIn another approach ELR can be performed using a catheter introduced percutaneously so that the tip of the catheter is inside a chamber of the heart, typically the left ventricle, where the holes or channels can be created from the inside toward but not through the outside of the heart. ", "The channels are drilled with a laser beam introduced through the catheter.", "\nCertain problems are presented when laser revascularization is done on a beating heart. ", "A beating heart presents a moving target, which can make it difficult to accurately and consistently form channels of a desired depth and size. ", "The heart also is extremely sensitive to a laser pulse at certain times during its cycle. ", "A laser pulse striking the heart at the T time of an electrocardiogram (ECG) signal could cause the heart to fibrillate and result in heart failure. ", "While one could stop the heart during the process of TMR, this poses other risks to the patient and complicates the operating procedure. ", "The heart must be cooled and the patient connected to a heart-lung machine.", "\nHowever, the risk of inducing a beating heart to fibrillate is greatly reduced when the laser is fired only during the refractory period of the heart cycle between the R and T waves of the ECG signal. ", "An additional benefit of firing the laser only between the R and T waves is that this is the period of the heartbeat cycle during which the heart is most still and channels can be formed most accurately. ", "Co-owned U.S. Pat. ", "No. ", "5,125,926, to Rudko et al., ", "describes a heart-synchronized pulsed laser system that fires a laser only during the refractory period of the heartbeat cycle. ", "The '926 patent discloses an open chest procedure using an articulated optical arm or a fiber optic element to deliver the laser beam to the outer surface of the heart. ", "The laser described in the '926 patent is a pulsed 50 Joule CO.sub.2 laser, which produces a laser beam with a wavelength of about 10.6 .mu.m. ", "In a procedure using the articulated arm, a channel penetrating through the myocardium can be formed during a single firing of the laser, in a period of about 50 ms or less, during the refractory period of the heartbeat cycle.", "\nU.S. Pat. ", "No. ", "5,389,096, to Aita et al., ", "discloses a percutaneous TMLR procedure in which a steerable heart catheter is guided from the femoral artery via the abdominal artery into the left ventricle. ", "The laser energy is delivered through the working channel of the catheter by a fiber optic delivery system. ", "The '096 patent describes a system employing a holmium laser, which produces a beam having a wavelength of about 2.1 .mu.m. ", "This wavelength is desirable for TMLR because it is strongly absorbed by heart tissue, and so is efficient for forming channels. ", "It is also a wavelength that can be passed through a fiber optic element.", "\nPresently available flash lamp-pumped lasers typically include a capacitor bank that discharges through a thyristor to energize a flash lamp. ", "The capacitor bank, which typically stores a couple of hundred Joules of energy and has a capacitance of a couple hundred .mu.f, completely discharges when the thyristor is enabled. ", "The flash lamp only flashes during the discharge. ", "This typically takes no more than a few hundred microseconds (.mu.s). ", "Because the laser is pumped only during the operation of the flash lamp, the laser beam produced by the laser rod in the prior art systems is also limited to a pulse duration of only a few hundred .mu.s. ", "Moreover, prior art flash-pumped holmium lasers used for ELR could only produce pulses with a maximum energy of about 3-5 Joules (J) at a power of about 10 KW.", "\nThe energy necessary to form a 10 mm channel in the heart, which is a desirable depth for revascularization, is typically greater than 5 J, for example, 10-20 J. However, due to limitions of the optical coatings of components in the laser cavity, these short pulses, having a duration of a few hundred .mu.s, cannot be generated with much higher energies without damaging the laser. ", "Therefore, as described in the '096 patent, several lower energy pulses applied at a frequency of at least 2 Hz are required to form each channel, the pulses being applied over the course of more than one heartbeat. ", "The '096 patent also describes employing an excimer laser. ", "However, an even greater number of laser pulses are needed with the excimer laser, again due to limitations of the fiber optic system.", "\nA variety of problems arise when more than one pulse is employed to form a channel through the heart wall. ", "After each laser pulse, the channel being formed can fill with blood, which absorbs much of the energy of subsequent pulses, making the subsequent pulses less efficient in deepening the channel. ", "A beating heart can also move between pulses, and the surgeon must be particularly careful to direct the laser beam of each pulse along the same line. ", "If the laser pulses are applied during different heartbeats, these problems can be multiplied. ", "Moreover, due to the cavitation effects during ablation, a high risk of catheter displacement from the endocardium is presented." ]

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[ "Q:\n\nFind the limit $\\lim_{x \\rightarrow 0} \\frac{(1+x)^\\frac{1}{8}-(1-x)^\\frac{1}{8} }{x}$\n\nI am trying to evaluate the following limit\n$$\\lim_{x \\rightarrow 0} \\frac{(1+x)^\\frac{1}{8}-(1-x)^\\frac{1}{8} }{x}$$ \nIf we use the binomial expansion of the numerator term, the answer is $\\frac{1}{4}$. The same answer is obtained if we apply L'Hospital's rule.", "\nIs it possible to solve this using something even more basic ? ", "i.e. without recourse to binomial expansion or L'Hospital's rule or definition of derivative ? ", "The reason I ask this is because this problem (from a textbook) comes up before the introduction of L'Hospital's rule.", "\n\nuser37238 wanted to know how the binomial expansion can be used.", "Basically, we have\n$(1+x)^n= 1 + nx + \\frac{n (n-1)}{2} + \\frac{n (n-1)(n-2)}{2!} ", "+ \\ldots$\nSimilarly, \n$(1-x)^n= 1 - nx + \\frac{n (n-1)}{2} - \\frac{n (n-1)(n-2)}{2!} ", "+ \\ldots$\nUsing these expansions with $n=\\frac{1}{8}$ in the given problem gives the answer. ", "\n\nA:\n\nFor example, use\n\\begin{align}\n&\\;\\;\\;\\frac{(1+x)^\\frac{1}{8}-(1-x)^\\frac{1}{8}}{x}=\\\\&=\\frac{1}{x}\\cdot\\frac{(1+x)^\\frac{1}{4}-(1-x)^\\frac{1}{4}}{(1+x)^\\frac{1}{8}+(1-x)^\\frac{1}{8}}=\\\\\n&=\\frac{1}{x}\\cdot\\frac{(1+x)^\\frac{1}{2}-(1-x)^\\frac{1}{2}}{\\left[(1+x)^\\frac{1}{8}+(1-x)^\\frac{1}{8}\\right]\\left[(1+x)^\\frac{1}{4}+(1-x)^\\frac{1}{4}\\right]}=\\\\\n&=\\frac{1}{x}\\cdot\\frac{(1+x)-(1-x)}{\\left[(1+x)^\\frac{1}{8}+(1-x)^\\frac{1}{8}\\right]\\left[(1+x)^\\frac{1}{4}+(1-x)^\\frac{1}{4}\\right]\\left[(1+x)^\\frac{1}{2}+(1-x)^\\frac{1}{2}\\right]}=\\\\\n&=\\frac{2}{\\left[(1+x)^\\frac{1}{8}+(1-x)^\\frac{1}{8}\\right]\\left[(1+x)^\\frac{1}{4}+(1-x)^\\frac{1}{4}\\right]\\left[(1+x)^\\frac{1}{2}+(1-x)^\\frac{1}{2}\\right]}.", "\n\\end{align}\nNow to compute the limit, it suffices to set $x=0$ in the last expression.", "\n\nA:\n\nWritten in the form $2\\cdot \\frac{(1+x)^\\frac18-(1-x)^\\frac18}{2x},$ the expression is twice the difference quotient for the derivative at $t=1$ of $f(t)=t^{1/8}.$ It's actually a \"symmetric\" difference quotient, which for a differentiable function will approach the usual derivative. ", "So the limit is $2\\cdot f'(1)=\\frac14.$\nNote that then this problem could be done just from the definition of the derivative, provided one is OK with using the symmetric difference quotient, and so does not involve L'Hospital or binomial expansion.", "\n\nA:\n\n$$\\lim_{x \\rightarrow 0} \\frac{(1+x)^\\frac{1}{8}-(1-x)^\\frac{1}{8} }{x} =\\lim_{x \\rightarrow 0} \\frac{(1+x)^\\frac{1}{8}-1+1-(1-x)^\\frac{1}{8} }{x}=\\lim_{x \\rightarrow 0} \\frac{(1+x)^\\frac{1}{8}-1 }{x}+\\lim_{x \\rightarrow 0} \\frac{(1-x)^\\frac{1}{8}-1 }{-x}=\\frac{1}{8}+\\frac{1}{8}=\\frac{1}{4} $$\nWe applied the known limit for $a\\in R$:\n$$\\lim_{x \\rightarrow 0} \\frac{(1+x)^a-1 }{x}=a $$\n\n" ]

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[ "Financial Resolution\n\nVery few cases involve only the divorce paperwork. ", "In most cases a settlement also needs to be reached in relation to financial issues relating to the matrimonial home, pensions and other assets and liabilities held by one or both parties.", "\n\nOur experts have extensive knowledge in the field of financial provision arising from a divorce.", "\n\nIt is imperative that you seek legal advice as soon as possible, particularly in relation to the family home and maintenance requirements.", "\n\nOur experts are highly experienced in dealing with complex financial disputes and where there are substantial assets.", "\n\nWe are experienced in forensic accounting, dealing with offshore trusts and advising clients in relation to business assets and pensions.", "\n\nOur experts are highly experienced and skilled in cases where assets are deliberately concealed or dissipated." ]

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[ "El ex presidente de la Unión Industrial enumeró las múltiples causas que impiden a las empresas ser competitivas (Infobae)\n\n\"Me cae muy bien que los empresarios compitan. ", "Pero lo que hay que tener es reglas de juego como para que los argentinos puedan competir con el resto de las empresas del mundo\", dijo José Ignacio de Mendiguren en declaraciones radiales.", "\n\n\"Un empresario argentino por más que tenga mucha productividad en su empresa, pero paga el triple de tarifas, que tiene cambios macroeconómicos todos los días, que tenemos que pagar más por la custodia de un camión que por el flete. ", "Nosotros tenemos en gastos de logística 7 puntos más que Brasil por este tema. ", "Que pongan las condiciones macroeconómicas que tienen los competidores y les aseguro que ningún empresario le tiene miedo a la competencia de afuera\", aseguró el empresario en diálogo con Eduardo Feimann, en Radio El Mundo.", "\n\nY agregó en defensa a los esfuerzos que permanentemente deben hacer los empresarios para no fundirse. \"", "Una pyme que haya sobrevivido a todos los vaivenes de la economía argentina y se haya mantenido, está como para ir a dar charlas a Harvard\", dijo el vasco De Mendiguren.", "\n\nSin decirlo explícitamente, el industrial se inquietó por las repetidas referencias del ministro Alfonso Prat-Gay a la falta de respuesta de los empresarios en materia de nuevas inversiones y por haber dejado que se dispararan los precios en el primer semestre: \"Estamos de acuerdo en que tenemos que ser competitivos y que tiene que ser en igualdad de condiciones. ", "Pero, no se puede ser competitivo en un medio que no es competitivo. ", "Hoy el 95% de la carga transportada en la Argentina es por camión, mientras que en los Estados Unidos es el 60% y a nosotros el combustible nos cuesta el triple que les cuesta en Estados Unidos a los empresarios allá\".", "\n\nJosé Ignacio de Mendiguren: “Que pongan las condiciones macroeconómicas que tienen los competidores y les aseguro que ningún empresario le tiene miedo a la competencia”\n\nNo sólo eso, De Mendiguren destacó: \"también pagamos el triple de impuestos porque no recibimos los servicios que corresponden. ", "Me en encantaría que Prat-Gay cumpla con lo suyo y que se quede tranquilo que las empresas vamos a responder y competir\".", "\n\nLa preocupación por el curso de las tarifas energéticas\n\n\"El martes pedimos que (Juan José) Aranguren se presente en el Congreso. ", "Hay que salir rápido de esto. ", "Yo creo que ha habido impericia técnica e impericia política. ", "La comparecencia de él al Congreso, el mismo oficialismo lo ha pedido, cosa que nos parece muy bien. ", "Yo creo que el Gobierno tiene que tener la tranquilidad que por parte de la oposición, ha tenido el apoyo en todas las leyes que necesitó\", dijo el diputado por el Frente Renovador sobre un tema que inquieta a empresas, consumidores, Gobiero, legisladores y jueces.", "\n\nTarifas energéticas: “Ha habido impericia técnica e impericia política”\n\nY agregó De Mendiguren: \"nosotros pensamos que es una atribución del Poder Ejecutivo fijar las tarifas y por ello queremos ayudar. ", "Ninguna empresa puede tener un crecimiento, si no sabe con qué horizonte de energía cuenta. ", "En un mercado que se achica, nadie va a invertir. ", "Entonces, para que lleguen las inversiones, creo que hay que presentar un plan en donde habrá un período de crecimiento\"." ]

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[ "You Either Die A Hero, Or You Live Long To See Yourself Become The Villain.", "\n\nJim Bob Cooter is not the man you thought he was, nor is he the man you think he is.", "\n\nOnce billed as the panacea to Detroit’s offensive woes, Cooter is now perceived as a plague that has befallen the unit. ", "In the offseason, followers were singing his praises and raising monuments in his name. ", "Today, fanatics armed with pitchforks and torches are ready to shed his blood. ", "To misquote the late Bill Shakespeare, “Heavy lies the crown,” indeed.", "\n\nI feel the need to clarify that this is, of course, all hyperbolic. ", "Calling the Detroit fanbase murderous has had literal connotations as recently as the Millen years, and I think his detractors would settle for excommunication in lieu of a beheading.", "\n\nBut, in case the Jim Bob folklore seems like ancient history, allow me to briefly summarize.", "\n\nAfter Joe Lombardi was thrown to the wolves by Martin Mayhew, Cooter was named the interim offensive coordinator and resurrected a lifeless 1-6 team. ", "Following the season, I wrote this about the offense under his leadership:\n\n“After their bye week, the Lions looked like a new team, going 6-2 in the second half of the season. ", "Stafford was reborn in Cooter’s offense, throwing for 2179 yards, 19 TDs, and just 2 INTs in the last eight games. ", "He also had a 110.1 passer rating and a 70.0% completion rate during that period, a franchise record for any eight-game stretch. ", "His 32 TDs on the year were the second-highest of his career (41 in 2011), whereas his 13 interceptions were the second-lowest of his career (12 in 2014). ", "He finished in the Top 10 of every major statistical passing category: seventh in attempts, fifth in completions, eighth in yards, seventh in TDs, ninth in passer rating, and fifth in completion percentage.”", "\n\nFor his encore, Cooter helped guide the Lions to 9-7 and a wildcard berth, while Matthew Stafford posted his lowest interception rate in any full season he’s ever played in. ", "Oh, and Stafford also broke the NFL record for most comeback wins in a season – previously held by Peyton Manning – with eight.", "\n\nThis year, the Lions (at 4-3) are once again in the playoff hunt. ", "Stafford is on pace to lower his interception rate from last year. ", "They’re taking more deep shots. ", "They’re moving the ball faster.", "\n\nAnd I’m to believe the team should relieve Jim Bob Cooter of his headset?", "\n\nGet the fuck outta here.", "\n\nReconciling the Good with the Bad\n\nYes, he called some poor games earlier in the year, and the playcalling was very predictable for a stretch. ", "But those issues have since been remedied and the ends ultimately justify the means, anyway.", "\n\nAnd the Lions are currently ranked sixth in points per game with 27.1.", "\n\nBut, wait – the team has scored a lot of defensive and special teams touchdowns this year, right?", "\n\nNo matter. ", "The team ranks tenth in the league in offensive PPG with an average of 22.67. ", "Last year, they averaged 21.6 altogether, and 20.25 on offense alone.", "\n\nAnd while it’s true that the offense has benefitted from better field position this year, they’ve still had to work for their points. ", "The team ranks 3rd in average starting position this year per Football Outsiders (as opposed to 30th last year) but the disparity between yards earned on scoring drives between this year and last isn’t the chasm you may think it’d be.", "\n\nAccording to Pro Football Reference’s drive finder, Detroit has averaged 54.65 yards on scoring drives in 2017, with an average starting point of their own 34.8-yard line. ", "Last year, that figure was 61.67, when the average starting point was their own 28.1-yard line.", "\n\nWhile, I won’t downplay the significance of seven yards, you can only work with what you’ve been given. ", "And when the 2017 Lions have begun a drive inside their own 25-yard line, they’ve wound up with points 37.3% of the time.", "\n\nIn 2016, that figure was 37.2%.", "\n\nThey’ve also outperformed their average offensive PPG when matched up against defenses ranked in the top 10 in DVOA. ", "At the time of publishing, the Steelers, Saints, and Panthers are ranked fourth, fifth, and sixth in DVOA, respectively. ", "The Lions have averaged 23.33 offensive PPG against those squads.", "\n\nSo, What’s Gone Wrong?", "\n\nNow I won’t lie to you, ladies and gentlemen – the offense is down in some statistical categories. ", "They’re averaging 2.0 points per drive this year, down 0.13 from 2016. ", "And that tradeoff is acceptable considering the fact they’re moving the ball more quickly. ", "However, red zone efficiency is also down – from 54.17% to 50%. ", "While not insignificant, are these the abhorrent regressions they’ve been marketed as, or is it more likely they’re standard deviations? ", "And were it not for the single Pittsburgh game, the red zone efficiency would be rather comparable.", "\n\nThis is an evergreen statement, but the Lions have struggled to run the ball this year. ", "Their well-documented run game woes have hurt them in the red zone and in short-yardage situations. ", "And Cooter has been scapegoated for it.", "\n\nAs Lions beat writer Justin Rogers pointed out on Twitter, the Lions have been successful on 3rd down situations – to a point.", "\n\nhttps://twitter.com/Justin_Rogers/status/930823902460305409\n\nThe team’s struggles on 3rd & 4 or less probably has something to do with how bad the line has been.", "\n\nAccording to Football Outsiders, the team ranks dead last in:\n\nAdjusted line yards, with 2.92. ", "That’s 0.24 lower than the 31 st ranked team, the Bengals, who inexplicably let two very good linemen walk in free agency.", "\n\nranked team, the Bengals, who inexplicably let two very good linemen walk in free agency. ", "Power success. ", "They convert power situations at a rate of 33%, which is 9% lower than the 31 st ranked team, the Rams.", "\n\nranked team, the Rams. ", "Stuff rank. ", "The Lions’ backs are tackled at or behind the line of scrimmage 3% more frequently than the next-worst squad, the Dolphins.", "\n\nMeanwhile, their adjusted sack rate jumped from 6.2% in 2016 to 8% this year.", "\n\nThat is abysmal.", "\n\nThe Bottom Line\n\nThe offensive line, despite the amount of resources Bob Quinn invested in it this past offseason, has gotten worse. ", "That’s largely due to injuries; not only have they been missing key players, but they’ve been unable to develop any chemistry with all the permutations they’ve undergone. ", "Perhaps Cooter could be doing a better job of calling run plays – and there’s some truth to that – but scheme will only get you so far in the trenches.", "\n\nWith all that said, Cooter is not, and has never been, an alchemist. ", "He is an above average, if unspectacular, offensive coordinator. ", "And believe it or not, those don’t grow on trees.", "\n\nTake for example the respective cases of John Morton and Joe Lombardi. ", "Both are Sean Payton disciples. ", "The former has exceeded expectations in his first year as the Jets’ offensive coordinator. ", "The latter is a demoted washout who’s been reduced to obscurity after crawling back to New Orleans. ", "Finding an offensive coordinator who will be as good, or better, would be a difficult and rather unnecessary undertaking. ", "And firing him mid-season, while the team is in the playoff picture, would be insane.", "\n\nMatthew Stafford has continued to grow under Cooter’s tutelage. ", "The offense is moving the ball faster and taking more chances – something fans clamored for last year. ", "They’re scoring 2.42 more points a game on offense. ", "Drives of 75 yards or more are turning into points at a marginally higher percentage. ", "They’re punting 2.9% less frequently. ", "All while the offensive line has regressed due to injuries and a lack of injuries. ", "If anything, the offense is actually better this year than it was last year. ", "And if Cooter was supposedly so great last year, tell me again –\n\nWhy should the Lions fire him?" ]

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[ "Introduction\n============\n\nFishTrace was a four-year project (2002--06) funded by the European Union 5th Framework Programme in the area of 'Quality of Life and Management of Living Resources'.", "\n\nThe rationale of FishTrace was the prevailing lack of readily available species identification tools, based on reliable references, that are required in fisheries management, biological and ecological research and also in traceability schemes underlying legal frameworks concerned with seafood safety \\[reviewed in Hofherr *et al.* ([", "@bax075-B1])\\].", "\n\nThe main achievements of the project have been: the compilation of a comprehensive genetic catalogue encompassing all major commercially exploited European marine fish species, and the establishment of a collection of biological vouchers from taxonomically and genetically identified fish species for future use.", "\n\nDuring the FishTrace project, 220 marine teleost fish species with commercial, ecological and zoological interest have been sampled from European sea areas.", "\n\nEach specimen was morphologically identified, measured and photographed; afterwards biological samples (i.e. muscle tissues, DNA samples and otoliths) from the same specimens were obtained.", "\n\nDNA samples were transferred to the FishTrace scientific groups for molecular genetic analysis. ", "The results of the genetic analyses were used to build a catalogue containing molecular data together with detailed information on sampling and geographical origin.", "\n\nThe FishTrace genetic catalogue is based on two genes, one mitochondrial (cytochrome b) and one nuclear (rhodopsin), as molecular markers related to the morphological identified specimens. ", "The choice of these two genes as satisfactory identification markers was tested in a previous project--PescaBase ([@bax075-B2])--and in FishTrace has been confirmed its universal use for fish identification. ", "Systematic resolution of cytochrome b and rhodopsin genes were settled by phylogenetic analyses including representative sequences from both genes directly retrieved from the FishTrace database and from NCBI GenBank^®^ ([@bax075-B3]), these last sequences were used as quality control in the analyses.", "\n\nAfter taxonomic identification of the specimen, the biological samples obtained from it were permanently stored into biological collections hosted and curated by four European natural history museums. ", "Collections stored in these museums comprise entire fish specimens, muscle tissues, otoliths and DNA samples that can be accessed for cross-referencing and as research resources for the identification of European commercial fish species.", "\n\nThese collections constitute a reference infrastructure with important applications in fish species authenticity and related biological research. ", "Given the excellence and tradition of the host natural history museums, the long-term preservation and maintenance of these collections is guaranteed.", "\n\nSampling and taxonomy\n=====================\n\nA total of 220 species belonging to 75 different families and 17 different higher teleostean orders were sampled \\[grade Teleostomi; class Actinopterygii; subclass Neopterygii; division Teleostei--based on a review by Nelson ([@bax075-B4])\\]. ", "These species are all marine forms with 9 marine-brackish species and 6 marine-brackish-freshwater species. ", "The full list of the species considered is available on the project web site.", "\n\nThe distribution of species within teleost orders covered by the sampling tried to be representative of species availability and consumer's demand in European markets; the rationale for the selection of sampled species also included their economic value and fisheries abundance.", "\n\nSpecies identification was carried out by professional taxonomist applying morphological, chromatic and meristic approaches (the description of the adopted protocol is available on the project web site). ", "For this purpose, the main UNESCO catalogues, the FAO guides and the major species identification catalogues have been used. ", "Special attention has been paid to the traditional problems of differentiating adults of morphologically similar species and immature specimens of sister species within the same family.", "\n\nEight European sea areas have been sampled to collect specimens from the targeted marine teleost species. ", "From North to South, the European sea areas covered were ([Figure 1](#bax075-F1){ref-type=\"fig\"}): Skagerrak and the Baltic Sea (BS), the North Sea (NS), the English Channel and the Bay of Biscay (CB), the Cantabric Sea and the North-West Iberian Peninsula (CS), the Western Mediterranean Sea and Bay of Cadiz (WM), the Eastern Mediterranean Sea (EM), the Madeira Archipelago (MA) and the Canary Islands (CI).", "\n\n{#bax075-F1}\n\nTo elaborate the genetic catalogue, five specimens from each targeted species have been sampled at each geographical area covered. ", "Many of the species overlap through the different geographical areas and therefore there are \\>100 species which are largely represented by more than ten specimens. ", "The geographical position of the sampling locations is displayed in [Figure 2](#bax075-F2){ref-type=\"fig\"}.", "\n\n{#bax075-F2}\n\nTissue samples were removed from each specimen sampled from the muscle behind the right pectoral fin base or from the muscle from inside the head in case of large fishes; they were conserved at --20 °C until their use for DNA extraction.", "\n\nDNA samples were extracted from at least two of the five specimens collected from each sampling area. ", "DNA from each specimen tissue sample was extracted following different protocols, depending on the laboratory in charge. ", "Details on the DNA extraction method used for each sample was recorded and is available in the FishTrace database.", "\n\nDNA sequences\n=============\n\nThe FishTrace catalogue provides information on the nucleotide sequences of the mitochondrial cytochrome b gene and the nuclear rhodopsin gene from the target species.", "\n\nThe analysis of the mitochondrial cytochrome b gene allows sample identification at species level; whereas, given the possible subtle genetic variation in populations at the mitochondrial level, the rhodopsin gene was used as a quality control procedure. ", "The nuclear gene coding for rhodopsin shows minimal population variation in fish and is intronless in all teleost species. ", "Thus this second marker allows for the validation of the analysis of the mitochondrial sequence and confers a degree of reliability required to quantify the level of divergence among species, while maintaining homogeneity in the same species.", "\n\nWhen used in phylogenetic analyses, the combination of these two genes with different evolutionary rates serves to identify fish at the species level ([@bax075-B5]). ", "Moreover, the given independent variation rate for each gene has allowed the identification of basal phylogenetic relationships and identify any rare case of paraphyly or hybridization between close species ([@bax075-B6]).", "\n\nThe genetic analyses were carried out at the following laboratories: French Research Institute for the Exploitation of the Sea (IFREMER), Hellenic National Agricultural Research Foundation (NAGREF), Swedish Museum of Natural History (NRM), Netherlands Institute for Fisheries Research (RIVO) and Complutense University of Madrid (UCM).", "\n\nFor the DNA barcoding of the targeted teleost specimens, the mitochondrial cytochrome b gene and the nuclear rhodopsin gene were Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) amplified. ", "The length of the fragments amplified (1141 bp for cytochrome b and 460 bp for rhodopsin) guaranteed accuracy and efficiency in species identification by this molecular approach ([@bax075-B7]). ", "The protocols underlying the genetic analyses are provided in detail in Sevilla *et al.* ([", "@bax075-B5]).", "\n\nThe validation process of the DNA sequences obtained implied: the comparison of DNA sequences obtained from two specimens of the same species at each geographical locations, and the verification of the position of each sequence on the accepted molecular phylogeny of the fish, through BLAST searching and calculating molecular phylogeny trees. ", "In addition, all the sequences from a species were compared; the consistency of phylogenies and gene variability analysis of the set of sequences determined the validation of the species.", "\n\nSequences obtained and validated as DNA-barcodes during the FishTrace project were submitted to NCBI GenBank^®^.\n\nFishTrace collections of biological materials\n=============================================\n\nThe aim of the FishTrace collections of biological materials from taxonomically and genetically identified fish species is to be a reference infrastructure in Europe for studies related to fish species authenticity.", "\n\nFour reference collection centres have been established: the National Museum of Natural History in Paris (MNHN); the Swedish Museum of Natural History in Stockholm (NRM); the Museum of Natural History in Tenerife (TFMC); the Institute of Marine Research--Municipal Museum in Funchal (IMAR--MMF). ", "All four museums agreed to incorporate the FishTrace collections in their own ones and therefore keep them well preserved.", "\n\nThe reference collections include around 1770 entire fish specimens used to obtain molecular data (fixed in formalin and preserved in 70% ethanol or 50% isopropanol), muscular tissue samples from the same specimens (preserved in in 96% or 70% ethanol and kept refrigerated), replicate DNA samples from the same specimens (preserved frozen at --20 °C to --80 °C), and around 600 pairs of otoliths (dried).", "\n\nThe preservation of the biological materials in 70% ethanol guaranties its long-term conservation for cross-referring and molecular genetic analysis; this is confirmed by the reports that ancient DNA from museum specimen vouchers which has been stored for tens of years has been recovered from biological material fixed with formalin and preserved using ethanol ([@bax075-B8], [@bax075-B9]).", "\n\nThe otoliths collected, which are hard structures that are distinct for each species, can be used as additional reference for fish identification and data validation. ", "Otoliths are the most widely used hard structures for fish identification, since they exhibit a high interspecific variability ([@bax075-B10]) and can be observed and studied from the larva stage of fishes. ", "Furthermore, the otoliths collection represents another source of DNA since it can be easily extracted from this dry tissue.", "\n\nThe FishTrace consortium retained exclusive rights over the samples until June 30th, 2007. ", "After that date, each museum's policies started to apply to the collections.", "\n\nSamples from the collections can be requested for the purpose of study. ", "In order to request the loan of biological materials from the collections, a loan form (which is available on the project web site) has to be completed and directed to the curator of the collection where the chosen sample is stored.", "\n\nInformation on the different collections is available online on the web site of the project along with the identification codes for specimens, tissues, DNA samples and otoliths that can be used to request the samples from the curators of the collections.", "\n\nDatabase structure\n==================\n\nCollected fish specimens were tagged with a unique FishTrace specimen code. ", "The FishTrace code consists of a combination of the first three letters of the generic name, the first three letters of the specific name, two letters denoting geographical area, and two digits denoting the specimen number (e.g. the second specimen of *Mullus surmuletus* collected in the Western Mediterranean area has the following code: MulSur-WM-02). ", "Species with identical first three letters in generic name and species epithet require an ad hoc code, which is constructed based on the first differing letter. ", "In addition to this code, the biological materials stored in the collections are tagged with a collection identifier that is different from the unique FishTrace specimen code.", "\n\nThe unique code for the specimens has been used in the database design to ensure an unambiguous link between data about vouchers, tissues, otoliths and genetic sequences as can be seen in the subset of the database schema ([Figure 3](#bax075-F3){ref-type=\"fig\"}) for the FishTrace catalogue containing the main tables and their relationships.", "\n\n{#bax075-F3}\n\nThe table called 'Collecting Environment' describes the procedure followed in the sampling of each fish specimen in the field, including the fishing method and the landing site. ", "This table also contains the geographical coordinates in decimal degrees, which allow the visualization of the data on a geographical map, and a link to the 'Collector' table containing references to the persons that collected the samples.", "\n\nThe table called 'Specimen' contains all the taxonomic information obtained from each fish specimen analysed within FishTrace. ", "It includes specimen length, weight, ontogenic stage, information on gill rakers and fin rays. ", "Each specimen is linked to an entry in the 'Collecting Environment' table, and several specimens can be linked to the same environment entry.", "\n\nThe table 'Voucher' contains information on the vouchers included into the reference collections; i.e. the FishTrace code of the specimen, the fixation substance used, the preservation medium used, the voucher collection number and the collection institute. ", "The table 'Tissue Sample' contains information on the tissues extracted from each fish specimen collected; i.e. the FishTrace code of the specimen, the storage medium used, the tissue collection number and the collection institute. ", "Several tissue samples can be available for a single specimen. ", "The table 'Otolith' contains information related to the otoliths extracted from each fish specimen collected; i.e. the FishTrace code of the specimen, the otolith collection number and the collection institute.", "\n\nThe purpose of the table 'Amplification Condition' is to describe the PCR conditions followed to amplify both targeted genes; whereas the table 'Species' lists the names of the species with information about the commercial interest of each species.", "\n\nFinally, the table called 'Genetic Sequences' contains the genetic information obtained from each fish specimen analysed within FishTrace. ", "It includes the complete cytochrome b and rhodopsin sequences with links to the PCR conditions used.", "\n\nData dissemination\n==================\n\nData from the FishTrace database are currently disseminated on the FishTrace web site through Tableau, a data visualization platform providing functionalities to visualize data and to perform business intelligence analysis. ", "Data can also be exported in CSV (Comma Separated Values) format, which can be used with spreadsheet programs.", "\n\nOn the FishTrace web site the data visualization page is structured in three main sections, respectively, called: 'Sampling Map', 'Collections' and 'DNA Sequences'. ", "Moreover, in the 'Collections' section, information about the collections is grouped in different dashboards that visualize data on vouchers, otoliths, tissue samples and DNA samples, respectively.", "\n\nAs explained before, the unique FishTrace specimen code (its format has been described in the previous paragraph) has been used in the database to connect data about vouchers, tissue samples, otoliths, DNA samples and sequences; it has therefore been used also in the visualization of the data as main connection among the different sections and dashboards.", "\n\nOn the web site, the FishTrace data are mainly accessed through filtering functionalities, resulting in a user-friendly approach for the user that can explore the data on the basis of different criteria. ", "Search options are also available to allow the direct access to a specific sample or collection item when the sample code or the collection number is already known by the user.", "\n\nOn the 'Sampling Map' page, the geographical coordinates of the samples along with some information about the samples themselves are presented. ", "When filtering on genus, species, ontogenic stage or sex values, only the sampling points corresponding to the selected samples are shown on the map ([Figure 4](#bax075-F4){ref-type=\"fig\"}). ", "Whereas when selecting a sampling point (or a set of sampling points) on the map, information about all the samples from that location (or locations) are visualized ([Figure 5](#bax075-F5){ref-type=\"fig\"}): FishTrace code, genus, species, ontogenic stage, sex, weight and length are shown. ", "The FishTrace code can then be used to retrieve, from the other pages, genetic data and/or the biological materials that have been stored in the collections for the selected sample.", "\n\n{#bax075-F4}\n\n{#bax075-F5}\n\nOn the *'*Collections' pages ([Figure 6](#bax075-F6){ref-type=\"fig\"}) it is possible to filter the data on genus, species and on the museum hosting the biological collection or to search a collection item using the FishTrace code of its associated sample. ", "On these pages it is possible to retrieve the FishTrace code that can be then used to retrieve data from other pages or to find the geographical position of the sample from the map page.", "\n\n{#bax075-F6}\n\nOn all the 'Collections' pages the collection number code is also provided, which can be used to request the corresponding sample from the museum where it is preserved; this collection number is required in the loan form that has to be directed to the curator of the collection which the chosen sample belongs.", "\n\nOn the *'*DNA Sequences' page ([Figure 7](#bax075-F7){ref-type=\"fig\"}) it is possible to filter the data on genus, species and on the museum hosting the biological collection. ", "An alternative, using the search options available for the FishTrace code and for the 'DNA Collection' code it is possible directly access the sequences derived from a specific sample or collection item. ", "Also on the 'DNA Sequences' page it is possible to retrieve the FishTrace code that can be used to link to data from other pages or to find the geographical position of the sample from the map page.", "\n\n{#bax075-F7}\n\nIn the 'DNA Sequences' page, data can be downloaded clicking on the 'Download' button at the right bottom of the page and choosing the option 'Data' or *'*Crosstab'; from the new window that is displayed by the system, data can then be exported as a text file in CSV format ([Figure 8](#bax075-F8){ref-type=\"fig\"}). ", "The download functionality by default applies on all the data visualized; in order to download only a subset of the data, it is necessary to select (with the mouse and the Ctrl key) the rows of interest before clicking the 'Download' button.", "\n\n{#bax075-F8}\n\nRelated work\n============\n\nThe application of genetic analyses for species identification in the seafood sector, but also for fisheries management purposes, has seen an increasing interest in the last decade, due to the progress in DNA sequencing and the power of genetic marker analysis.", "\n\nInitiatives, such as the Barcode of Life Data system--BOLD ([@bax075-B11]), which includes the Fish Barcode of Life--Fish-BOL ([@bax075-B12]), focus on a DNA-based identification system using a relatively small sequence fragment (648 bp) from the mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COI) gene. ", "This mitochondrial gene is very effective in the identification of the vast majority of fish species ([@bax075-B13]); however, with mitochondrial sequences it is sometimes difficult to differentiate closely related species and to identify hybrid individuals ([@bax075-B12]). ", "In these cases, the efficiency of barcoding can be improved by targeting more than one genetic positions ([@bax075-B14]). ", "This approach was followed in FishTrace, where both a mitochondrial gene and a nuclear gene were used, and in other projects, as for example in ([@bax075-B15]) and in the AquaGene database ([@bax075-B16]); in the latter, fish species are genetically characterized by two mitochondrial genes (COI and cytochrome b) and a nuclear gene (myosin 6). ", "As an alternative to this approach, in recent studies new nuclear barcoding targets, tailored to flat fishes, have been proposed in order to approach the identification of hybrid individuals and fish species in mixtures ([@bax075-B17]).", "\n\nDifferent degrees of data curation characterize the genetic data repositories containing DNA sequences that are currently accessible online. ", "Curated data sources, where all the data are associated to expert-verified and vouchered material, provide data on a relative small number of species, often focusing on a taxon, as AquaGene and FishTrace itself. ", "On the other side, open data sources as BOLD and NCBI GenBank^®^, where everybody can submit data, provide data for a large number of species; however, part of the available sequences lack validation in the form of voucher information.", "\n\nThe importance of vouchering morphological specimens in natural history collections for proper barcoding has been recently highlighted ([@bax075-B18]). ", "The advantage in storing voucher specimens in museum collections is not only the morphological validation of the species; it also enables the access to samples from other projects, and it can offer the future possibility to add other barcoding markers without the need to sample again the same species.", "\n\nIncreasingly, natural history museums are establishing biobanks (DNA bank and/or tissue banks) for curated long-term conservation of molecular samples; some of them are also making information on their specimens available online through biobank networks like GGBN ([@bax075-B19])--the Global Genome Biodiversity Network--increasing the awareness of the availability of these resources.", "\n\nDepending on the data use purpose, the geographical origin of the specimens from where DNA was extracted can be a relevant aspect. ", "FishTrace interest focused on the European waters; the AquaGene collection of samples originates from the Central Eastern Atlantic off the coast of West Africa; whereas FISH-BOL and GGBN have a much wider geographical target. ", "However, European waters and species of interest for the fisheries in Europe are not yet well represented in GGBN, where fish specimens are mostly provided by the Natural History Museum at the University of Oslo ([@bax075-B20]) and the Ocean Genome Legacy Center ([@bax075-B21]).", "\n\nConclusion\n==========\n\nThe FishTrace genetic catalogue presented here, is a genetic database where every DNA sequence identifying a species is unambiguously linked to a voucher that is independently identified by taxonomists and curated by natural museums. ", "This feature is an invaluable asset for species identification of seafood in a legal context and a solid basis for future research on genetic species identification of fish and fish products. ", "That this is a pertinent issue, is shown by recent publications (e.g. [@bax075-B17], [@bax075-B22], [@bax075-B23]), and is emphasized in the European Union, as well as international legislation ([@bax075-B1]). ", "The successful exploitation of the FishTrace genetic catalogue as a reference database for policy-linked research ([@bax075-B17]) prompted us to publish this well-curated database as to enhance awareness and use.", "\n\nThe persistent availability and quality assurance of the FishTrace genetic catalogue is well demonstrated. ", "It has been hosted and managed by the European Commission Joint Research Centre (JRC) since the end of the FishTrace project in 2006. ", "After a revision of the quality of the data stored in the database in 2008 by the Complutense University of Madrid and a number of updates to the database structure, in 2017 the FishTrace web site was overhauled and a new software facility to access the data has been provided. ", "FishTrace is one of very few examples of a publicly funded database underpinning fish and fishery research as well as management and conservation, that persists well beyond the lifetime of the project itself.", "\n\nThe FishTrace database is of high relevance not only for research but also for policy support. ", "An example is control and enforcement in the fisheries sector. ", "Exploitation of fish and shellfish stocks by the European Union fishing fleet is managed under the Common Fisheries Policy (CFP), which aims to ensure that fishing and aquaculture are environmentally, economically and socially sustainable and that they provide a source of healthy food for European citizens; in this context FishTrace enables and can support traceability schemes ([@bax075-B24]) as required under Article 13 of the CFP control regulation (EC) 1224/2009.", "\n\nWe would like to acknowledge the contribution of all FishTrace consortium members: without their invaluable commitment the success of the FishTrace project would have been impossible.", "\n\nFunding\n=======\n\nThe FishTrace project was funded by the European Union 5th Framework Programme for research, technological development and demonstration activities in the area of 'Quality of Life and Management of Living Resources' (project QLRI-CT-2002-02755). ", "The hosting and updating of the database is carried out by the European Commission Joint Research Centre.", "\n\n*Conflict of interest*. ", "None declared.", "\n\n[^1]: Citation details: Zanzi,A. Martinsohn,J.T. FishTrace: a genetic catalogue of European fishes. *", "Database* (2017) Vol. ", "2017: article ID bax075; doi:10.1093/database/bax075\n" ]

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[ "1. ", "Field of Invention\nThe present invention relates to a method of fabricating a group III-nitride semiconductor.", "\n2. ", "Related Art\nGroup III-nitride semiconductors have been widely used in UV and blue to green light emitting diodes and short wavelength laser diode applications. ", "They are also a very important material in high electron mobility devices. ", "Group-III nitride is typically provided in an epitaxial film formed by an epitaxial growing process. ", "The most popular growth method for the group III-nitride epitaxial film is by vapor-phase synthesis, for example the metal organic chemical vapor deposition (MOCVD), hydride vapor-phase epitaxy (HVPE), molecular-beam epitaxy (MBE), metal-organic chloride (MOC), and the likes. ", "The group III-nitride film is often hetero-epitaxially grown on the substrates with different materials, such as the sapphire substrate, silicon carbide (SiC) substrate or silicon (Si) substrate, due to that the large size group III-nitride substrates are not available. ", "The epitaxial film often has high defect density because of the mismatched lattice constants and thermal expansion coefficients between the substrate and the epitaxial film. ", "The presence of defects of the epitaxial film can seriously affect the performance of the devices subsequently built on the substrate. ", "Therefore, it is very desirable to reduce defect density of the epitaxial film. ", "From application point of view, the substrate used for growing group III-nitride film may also have some undesired properties, such as the low thermal conductivity, bad electrical conductivity, or resistance for cleaving. ", "These undesired properties seriously limit the device application and/or mass production. ", "It is therefore desirable in some applications to remove the group III-nitride film or device from the original growth substrate for performing the following fabrication processes.", "\nAmong all group III-nitride materials, gallium nitride (GaN) is the most popular one in the semiconductor application. ", "There are several epitaxial growth methods to improve crystal quality of the GaN film. ", "A very commonly used one is the epitaxial lateral overgrowth technique (ELOG). ", "Strips of the SiO2 film in specific crystal orientation direction are deposited on GaN epitaxial surface, followed by epitaxially over growth. ", "The epitaxial layer above the SiO2 strips region has significantly lower the defect density. ", "The threading dislocation defects are however still high at window regions and coalescent boundaries. ", "The useable low defect density area is limited by the size of the patterned SiO2 film area. ", "The width of SiO2 strip can not be too large. ", "In practice, the size of the SiO2 film is typically in the range of a few micro meters. ", "Otherwise, it is difficult for epitaxially growing to fully cover the whole surface of the SiO2 film.", "\nThere have been also various methods to separate the sapphire substrate from the GaN film. ", "These methods includes the mechanical grinding method for mechanically grinding substrate away from the GaN film, the laser ablation method for using laser to lift off the GaN film from substrate (interfacial decomposition), or the chemical etching method for chemically etching away the substrate. ", "However, the mechanical grinding method is time consuming and requires precise handling to achieve large area uniformity. ", "The laser ablation method includes sequential processes, and only a small area can be lifted off in each process, so that it is also a time consuming process and needs an expansive UV laser apparatus. ", "The chemical etching method, either wet or dry etching, is a difficult and slow process because the sapphire substrate is chemical relatively inert material.", "\nTherefore, it is an important subject of the present invention to provide a method of fabricating a group III-nitride semiconductor with lower defect density." ]

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[ "Intermanual Apparent Tactile Motion and Its Extension to 3D Interactions.", "\nInformation provided by sensory systems is inherently ambiguous as to its source in the physical world. ", "To arrive at a coherent representation, perception deploys heuristic rules and multimodal input, which potentially produce errors such as illusions. ", "The current work uses these effects to create apparent tactile motion and illusory depth motion using sparse vibrotactile stimulation across the hands. ", "Experiment 1 showed the effects of vibrotactile duration and temporal separation between the hands on the quality of perceived illusory linear motion. ", "Experiment 2 indicated a compressed linear relation between the visual and tactile speeds, and established a linear function relating visual size to perceived tactile intensity at three durations. ", "Experiment 3 introduced an \"M-filter\" algorithm that varies tactile stimulus amplitude by a parabolic function based on visual looming and receding. ", "It demonstrated that the M-filters, accompanied by visual depth cues, can induce tactile motion in depth. ", "Experiment 4 showed the M-filter algorithm is necessary to create tactile perception in depth, as opposed to apparent tactile motion. ", "The current research has value for a basic understanding of haptic perception, as well as haptic applications that digitally generate perceptual representations of the distal world on small-sized devices in the space between the hands." ]

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[ "Multiloci identification of Diaporthe fungi isolated from the medicinal plant Costus spiralis (Jacq.) ", "Roscoe (Costaceae).", "\nThe purpose of this study is to identify species from genus Diaporthe associated with a medicinal plant Costus spiralis by ITS, EF 1-α, TUB and CAL gens. ", "The 30 isolates from the genus Diaporthe associated with the medicinal plant Costus spiralis were characterized based on morphological characters and the microculture technique and grouped by DNA fingerprinting with the ISSP gene. ", "Afterwards, a total of 12 isolates were selected for the identification of the species based on the comparative research on the blast through the sequences of the ITS gene. ", "Phylogenetic Tree of Maximum Likelihood were generated with the ITS gene individually and with the genes ITS, TUB, CAL and EF1-α combined with the Diaporthe species recognized and with the additional sequences obtained from GenBank for these species. ", "It was not possible to characterize the 30 isolates microscopically and macromorphologically through the microculture technique and the macromorphological characteristics. ", "The 12 isolates selected based on the DNA fingerprinting profile identified phylogenetically, revealed five distinct species of Diaporthe which are present in C. spiralis. ", "The molecular analyses used in this study are excellent alternatives for species-level identification of Diaporthe associated with medicinal plants." ]

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[ "'Stranger Things' Star Millie Bobby Brown Wants to Play Young Princess Leia\n\nPublished Nov 14, 2016\n\nThe kids from Stranger Things have had no trouble making their way to the forefront of the public consciousness, and the biggest breakout star of all has got to be Millie Bobby Brown. ", "Her character Eleven was one of this year's most popular Halloween costumes, but it turns out she's hoping for an even bigger role down the line.", "At a recent Q and A for the Rhode Island Comic-Con, Brown revealed that she'd love to enter the Star Wars universe. ", "More specifically, she's hoping to take on the role of young Princess Leia.", "\"If they made — I think they are making another Star Wars — I would love a role like that,\" she said, adding that she wants to step outside of the characters she played on Stranger Things and Intruders. \"", "Because I want to do something far from Eleven or Madison.\" ", "Clarifying her statement more, Brown admitted that she'd love to step into Carrie Fisher's iconic role.", "It all makes perfect sense. ", "Not only does Brown have the chops to play the part, but Lucasfilm is currently developing back story films for the main Star Wars characters. ", "Alden Ehrenreich and Donald Glover are set to take on Han Solo and Lando Calrissian respectively. ", "Plus, if a rumoured buy-out goes according to plan, Lucasfilm and Netflix might have the same owners via Disney Watch Millie Bobby Brown discuss her Star Wars dreams below [via The A.V. Club ]." ]

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[ "A Sri Lanka official says initial investigation shows Easter Sunday bombings were a retaliation against New Zealand mosque attack.", "\n\nPhoto: AFP\n\nA series of coordinated blasts in churches and hotels hit Sri Lanka on Sunday leaving 321 people dead and 500 injured.", "\n\n\"The initial investigation has revealed that this was in retaliation for the New Zealand mosque attack,\" junior minister for defence Ruwan Wijewardene told parliament.", "\n\n\"It was done by National Thawheed Jama'ut along with JMI,\" he said, referring to another local group, Jammiyathul Millathu Ibrahim.", "\n\nHowever, the Associated Press said Mr Wijewardene made the statement about retaliation \"without providing evidence or explaining where the information came from\".", "\n\nA spokesperson for Prime Minister Jacinda Ardern said: \"We have seen reports of the statement from the Sri Lankan Minister of state for defence, alleging a link between the the Easter Sunday terrorist attack and the March 15 attack in Christchurch.", "\n\n\"We understand the Sri Lankan investigation into the attack is in its early stages. ", "New Zealand has not yet seen any intelligence upon which such an assessment might be based.", "\n\n\"New Zealanders oppose terrorism and extreme violence in all its forms. ", "In the wake of the Christchurch mosque attacks, it was the condemnation of the perpetrators of violence and a message of peace that unified us all.\"", "\n\nMeanwhile, Islamic State has now claimed responsibility for the bombings in Sri Lanka.", "\n\nThe news agency for the jihadist group, Amaq, has made the claim - but has not provided evidence supporting its involvement.", "\n\nMembers of the Sri Lankan government have previously said they believe the local Islamist group National Thowheed Jamath (NTJ) conducted the attacks but that they must have had international help.", "\n\nSri Lankan police detained a Syrian among 40 people being questioned about the Easter Sunday attacks, according to Reuters.", "\n\nTuesday was declared a national day of mourning and the funerals of some of the victims were held as pressure mounted on the government over why effective action had not been taken in response to a warning this month about a possible attack on churches by a little-known domestic Islamist group.", "\n\nOn 15 March, 50 people were killed in terror attack shootings at Al Noor Mosque and Linwood mosque in Christchurch.", "\n\n- Reuters with RNZ" ]

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[ "For the second straight week, the NFL on CBS sank double-digits from last year.", "\n\nThe Week 2 NFL singleheader window delivered an 8.4 rating and 14.5 million viewers on CBS Sunday, down 24% in ratings and viewership from last year on FOX (11.0, 19.2M) and down 14% and 13% respectively from 2015 on CBS (9.8, 16.7M).", "\n\nThe 8.4 rating is the lowest for the Week 2 singleheader since at least 1998. ", "The first two NFL windows on CBS this season have both declined double-digits to multi-year lows.", "\n\nSunday’s telecast featured Patriots-Saints, called by CBS rookie lead analyst Tony Romo, in 41% of markets — including Dallas-Ft. ", "Worth, where he played his entire career.", "\n\n[Wknd. ", "numbers via ShowBuzz Daily 9.19, with additional info from Dallas Morning News 9.15]" ]

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[ "Rank order scaling in taste evaluation.", "\nA scoring system developed for comparing taste in two groups of individuals, patients with multiple sclerosis and a normal control group is described. ", "The scoring system was extended to evaluate taste in renal patients paired by age and sex with controls. ", "The results of the two comparisons are given. ", "The scoring system can be used very flexibly in statistical comparison among groups and generated easily using a FORTRAN computer program. ", "The use of this scoring system is compared with an alternative method which uses psychophysical functions." ]

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[ "2000–01 UE Lleida season\n\nThis is a complete list of appearances by members of the professional playing squad of UE Lleida during the 2000-2001 season.", "\n\n2001\nLleida\nLleida\nLleida" ]

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[ "In general, in an AMT or DCT vehicle using a dry clutch, the clutch may overheat due to continuous slip. ", "Overheating of the clutch may cause a change of characteristics of the clutch and, in some cases, may cause an adverse situation if the clutch is released due to a temporary loss of friction of a clutch disc facing. ", "Since an improvement of characteristics of the facing can be difficult, it is important to control the clutch so as not to cause overheating of the clutch.", "\nHereinafter, for reference, the term “clutch” means a “dry clutch” unless stated otherwise.", "\nIn general, as a slip amount of a clutch increases, a heat generation rate increases. ", "Therefore, when a slip amount of the clutch is reduced, the heat generation rate is decreased. ", "However, if the clutch is connected to a power source, such as an engine or a motor, so as to rapidly reduce the slip amount of the clutch, an impact can be caused. ", "Therefore, in terms of drivability of a vehicle, if a soft feeling needs to be achieved as in starting of a torque converter-type automatic transmission, a method of slowly reducing the slip amount of a clutch is used.", "\nHowever, if the slip amount of the clutch is slowly reduced on a sloped road, a heat generation rate is greatly increased. ", "Since a presence of a slope corresponds to an increase in a vehicle load, acceleration of the vehicle is decreased and thus the slip amount is more slowly reduced. ", "Consequently, an excessive heat generation rate can result.", "\nThe above description has been provided to aid in understanding of the background of the present disclosure and should not be interpreted as conventional technology known to those skilled in the art." ]

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[ "\n209 P.3d 435 (2009)\nIn the Matter of the DISCIPLINARY PROCEEDING AGAINST Stephen K. EUGSTER, an attorney at law.", "\nNo. ", "200,568-3.", "\nSupreme Court of Washington, En Banc.", "\nJune 11, 2009.", "\n*438 Shawn Timothy Newman, Attorney at Law, Olympia, WA, Kris J. Sundberg, Law Office of Kris J. Sundberg, Mercer Island, WA, for Petitioner.", "\nJonathan Henry Burke, Washington State Bar Assoc., ", "Seattle, WA, for Respondent.", "\nCHAMBERS, J.\n¶ 1 Stephen K. Eugster practiced law for 34 years without a history of discipline.[1] Then the Washington State Bar Association (WSBA) charged Eugster with nine counts of attorney misconduct based on Eugster's filing a guardianship petition against his former client without any investigation as to her alleged incompetency and failing to abide by the objectives of the representation. ", "The hearing officer and Disciplinary Board of the Washington State Bar Association (Board) concluded Eugster violated eight current and former Rules of Professional Conduct (RPC). ", "The hearing officer recommended disbarment. ", "A unanimous Board agreed but amended several of the hearing officer's findings of fact.", "\n¶ 2 Eugster challenges 12 findings of fact. ", "He also argues the Board erred in recommending disbarment because his actions were defensible under former RPC 1.13 (1985) and because the Board ignored mitigating factors that would lessen his sanction. ", "The WSBA argues the court should affirm the findings of fact and conclusions of law and disbar Eugster. ", "We conclude that Eugster's misconduct does not merit disbarment but suspend him for 18 months and impose additional conditions.", "\n\nFACTS\n¶ 3 Due to the way this case has been framed, we find it necessary to discuss the facts in some detail in order to properly resolve the issues presented. ", "Marion Stead hired Eugster in June 2004. ", "When Mrs. Stead contacted Eugster, she was 87 and had recently moved into the Parkview Assisted Living Facility after the death of her husband, John. ", "This was not the first time Eugster worked for the Stead family. ", "In the early 1990s, Eugster represented Mrs. Stead's only child, Roger Samuels,[2] in the dissolution of his marriage. ", "According to the evidence submitted by the WSBA, Mrs. Stead's objective in contacting Eugster in June 2004 was to remove Roger from his position of control over her affairs and to assist her with estate planning.", "\n¶ 4 In 2003, before John's death, the Steads had executed new wills drafted by attorney David Hellenthal. ", "Under the Hellenthal wills, Roger would inherit the Stead home and his daughter, Emilie, would be the beneficiary of a residual trust. ", "The Hellenthal wills also created a supplemental needs trust for the surviving spouse and named Roger as trustee. ", "As trustee of the supplemental needs trust, Roger had discretion to make or withhold payments so long as it did not disqualify Mrs. Stead from any other assistance. ", "The wills specified the trust was irrevocable and could not, absent a court order, be changed.", "\n¶ 5 In late 2003, dissatisfied with the Hellenthal wills, Mrs. Stead contacted attorney Summer Stahl. ", "Stahl changed the beneficiary of a life insurance policy from Roger back to Mrs. Stead but performed no other services. ", "When Roger discovered that Mrs. Stead had hired Stahl, he became \"very upset.\" ", "Amended Findings of Fact (AFOF) 2.14.1. ", "Roger saw his mother's consultations with Stahl as a betrayal of family trust and questioned her competence. ", "In January 2004, Roger had Dr. Duane Green, a psychologist, examine his mother for testamentary capacity. ", "Dr. Green noted an \"`interpersonal issue between Ms. Stead and her son'\" and generally observed that she seemed \"`\"desperate,\" as she had no access to funds.'\" ", "Resp't's Ex. ", "88, at 17 (quoting Dr. Green). ", "Dr. Green concluded Mrs. Stead was upset over the illness of her husband but had testamentary capacity.", "\n*439 ¶ 6 Upon John's death in February 2004, Roger became the personal representative of John's estate and acted as trustee of the supplemental needs trust for the benefit of Mrs. Stead. ", "Roger also assumed control over the payment of bills because he did not believe his mother was capable of doing so. ", "During this time the relationship between Roger and his mother continued to deteriorate. ", "From the record it appears that Mrs. Stead felt Roger was manipulating her estate and denying her adequate funds so that he could preserve more for himself and his daughter after her death. ", "In particular, Mrs. Stead felt that she had an adequate estate and did not like the idea of being forced to receive Medicaid benefits and not being permitted to have sufficient spending money. ", "Mrs. Stead and her son's relationship became even more strained as Roger continued to refuse her requests for money. ", "Mrs. Stead hoped removing her son from authority over her affairs would help mend their relationship.", "\n¶ 7 In June 2004, Mrs. Stead hired Eugster to \"short circuit\" Roger's control over her affairs and also to retrieve certain items of personal property from Roger. ", "Eugster had Mrs. Stead revise her estate planning scheme by creating a revocable living trust for her and recommending that she be her own trustee. ", "On June 30, 2004, Eugster wrote to Mrs. Stead saying, \"It would be my recommendation that if you like the estate plan which I have drafted for you, that you continue as the trustee of your estate with perhaps help and direction from me.\" ", "Resp't's Ex. ", "33. ", "Mrs. Stead was named the trustee with Eugster serving as successor trustee and Roger as secondary successor trustee. ", "To protect Mrs. Stead consistent with the existing testamentary trust and consistent with her desire that Roger not control her finances, Eugster was given power of attorney both generally and for health care. ", "Eugster contends he reluctantly agreed to so serve as representative and successor trustee after expressing concerns in a letter to Mrs. Stead. ", "Roger served as successor to Eugster in both roles. ", "Eugster testified that installing Roger as second successor trustee enabled Eugster to monitor Roger and prevent him from doing anything untoward against Mrs. Stead's estate without going through Eugster.", "\n¶ 8 In July 2004, Eugster met with Roger to discuss the supplemental needs trust created by John's will. ", "He also consulted with Mrs. Stead's financial planner regarding her suspicion that the supplemental needs trust was overfunded.[3] Eugster made preparations to sell the Stead family home. ", "As to recovering Mrs. Stead's personal property, Eugster located the items she requested but assured her by letter that Roger was keeping them safe. ", "In August, Eugster wrote Mrs. Stead to assure her of Roger's good intentions toward her and recommended Roger resume control over her affairs:\nRoger has been a good and dutiful son to you. ", "I have to be honest about this. ", "You can be proud of Roger. ", "He is not acting to protect himself or to take things from you. ", "He has been acting to ensure that you are taken care of, your bills are paid, your assets are protected, and that you do not have to have unwanted concerns for your welfare as you grow older.", "\nFrankly, you should be very proud of Roger.", "\n. . . .", "\nBut, I think you should give serious thought to making Roger the successor trustee to your Trust and the person holding your power of attorney.", "\nResp't's Ex. ", "52, at 2-3.", "\n¶ 9 In September 2004, Mrs. Stead received another letter from Eugster, suggesting the two of them meet and include Roger. ", "Although Mrs. Stead did not communicate her displeasure to Eugster, it is clear from the record that she was not happy with his response. ", "She responded by seeking the counsel of another attorney, Andrew Braff, who testified that Mrs. Stead wanted to know whether Eugster was representing her or *440 Roger. ", "On September 9, 2004, Braff wrote Eugster notifying him that Braff now represented Mrs. Stead and explicitly revoking Eugster's power of attorney. ", "Eugster responded on September 13, 2004, by letter stating:\nI do not believe that Marion R. Stead is competent. ", "A guardianship should be established for her person and her estate or at least her es[t]ate. ", "Please be advised that I do not recognize that you have been retained to represent her or that the revocation of power of attorney is effective.", "\nResp't's Ex. ", "59. ", "Braff then sent a letter dated September 17, 2004, informing Eugster that his \"services as Marion Stead's attorney are terminated, and Mrs. Stead wants her files forwarded to this office.\" ", "Resp't's Ex. ", "60. ", "In addition, the letter stated \"Marion Stead fully expects any and all communications with you to remain confidential and not to be passed on to Roger Samuels.\" ", "Id. Braff also asked Eugster to advise him of any changes in Marion's competence since the execution of her trust in July where witnesses testified she was of sound mind. ", "Around the same time, Mrs. Stead removed Eugster as successor trustee of her trust and named Stephen Trefts, doing business as Northwest Trustee and Management Services instead.", "\n¶ 10 Eugster states that he believed Mrs. Stead to be a vulnerable senior and that he decided to take action when he learned that Mrs. Stead had hired Trefts. ", "Under the durable general power of attorney prepared by Braff, Northwest Trustee and Management Services was entitled to reimbursement for all costs and expenses and \"shall be entitled to receive at least annually, without court approval, reasonable compensation for services performed on the principal's behalf.\" ", "Resp't's Ex. ", "58, at 4 (emphasis added). ", "On October 8, 2004, Trefts informed Roger that Mrs. Stead had resigned as trustee and had named Trefts as successor. ", "Braff and Trefts also attempted to get Roger, as trustee of John Stead's Testamentary trust, to pay $2,000 per month to them for \"one-half of her support.", "\"[4] Board Ex. ", "55. ", "Eugster deemed the requested payment improper under the special needs trust.[5]\n¶ 11 On September 27, 2004, Eugster petitioned the court to appoint a guardian for Mrs. Stead. ", "Eugster filed the guardianship action pursuant to former RPC 1.13, which provided in part: \"(b) When the lawyer reasonably believes that the client cannot adequately act in the client's own interest, a lawyer may seek the appointment of a guardian or take other protective action with respect to a client.", "\"[6] Eugster signed his name on the line marked \"Petitioner/Attorney\" and represented that he was the current attorney for Mrs. Stead. ", "Resp't's Ex. ", "64, at 6. ", "Roger served as copetitioner at the behest of Eugster, and Roger provided some of the information for the petition. ", "Eugster disclosed to Roger his belief that Mrs. Stead lacked competence. ", "Roger eventually hired an attorney to represent him in the guardianship proceeding.", "\n¶ 12 The petition listed Mrs. Stead's personal and financial information, and characterized Mrs. Stead as unable to manage her person and estate and that she had difficulty monitoring her medications, investments, and expenses. ", "It also described Mrs. Stead as \"delusional\" because she believed \"her son Roger Samuels is somehow out to take advantage of her when this is certainly not the case.\" ", "Id. at 2. ", "In the petition, Roger was nominated to act as Mrs. Stead's guardian. *", "441 The petition for appointment of a guardian was served on Mrs. Stead in the common room of Parkview, which humiliated her.", "\n¶ 13 Eugster filed the petition based upon his personal judgment without conducting any formal investigation into Mrs. Stead's medical or psychological state. ", "There is no evidence Eugster consulted Mrs. Stead's healthcare providers or talked with people in the Parkview community. ", "Eugster testified that Mrs. Stead had told him she had seen a doctor in the last six months for a \"sanity test\" and was aware that she had been examined by Dr. Green before his representation began. ", "Three months before he filed the petition for appointment of a guardian for Mrs. Stead, Eugster had Mrs. Stead sign a new trust, powers of attorney, and a will he had prepared,[7] indicating he had no concerns about her testamentary capacity at that point. ", "The last date that either Eugster or Roger personally talked to Mrs. Stead was on August 3, 2004, nearly two months before filing the petition.", "\n¶ 14 Eugster offered evidence to support his contention that he at all times was motivated to act on behalf of his client's best interest and not to control her trust. ", "According to Eugster, he believed that his client was elderly, vulnerable, and unable to understand her financial affairs, and perhaps being taken advantage of. ", "He tells us he felt an obligation as her attorney to protect her. ", "She was nearly 88 years old when she contacted Eugster. ", "She was confused about her rights under a complex estate plan, and she did not like the plan created by Hellenthal. ", "Eugster sought to develop a plan to address her concerns, including determining whether there was a legitimate basis for those concerns. ", "Eugster argues Mrs. Stead's desire to contest her late husband's will, her frequent and repetitive inconsequential communications with Eugster's office, and her continued lack of understanding of how her bills were being paid under the irrevocable special needs trust all support his contention.", "\n¶ 15 Eugster appeared before a judge seeking appointment of a guardian on October 19, 2004. ", "He assured the court he had reviewed the ethical issues involved with him seeking to appoint a guardian. ", "He told the court he believed his actions were ethically viable, and the court asked Eugster to brief the issue. ", "Eugster did not supply a brief but instead, two days later, declined his power of attorney.", "\n¶ 16 By letter dated October 21, 2004, Eugster purported to decline his service as successor trustee over Mrs. Stead's trust and as attorney in fact. ", "Trefts replied, stating Eugster's declination was unnecessary given that Mrs. Stead had terminated Eugster's services and amended the trust to appoint Trefts as successor trustee.", "\n¶ 17 On October 26, 2004, the guardian ad litem (GAL) appointed to evaluate Mrs. Stead concluded she was not suffering from any incapacity and was capable of handling her own affairs.[8] He noted Mrs. Stead's *442 strained relationship and distrust of Roger. ", "The GAL concluded Mrs. Stead did not need a guardian but, if the court did appoint one, the guardian should not be Roger.", "\n¶ 18 On November 17, 2004, Eugster withdrew his signature from the guardianship petition. ", "By stipulation of the parties, the court dismissed the guardianship petition on February 1, 2005. ", "Mrs. Stead paid $13,500 to defend herself in the guardianship action\n\nPROCEDURAL HISTORY\n¶ 19 On February 10, 2005, Braff signed a detailed grievance against Eugster. ", "The grievance was also signed, \"Approved By\" Marion Stead. ", "Clerk's Papers (CP) at 426-28. ", "The WSBA filed a complaint with the Board, under ELC 10.3, charging Eugster with nine counts of misconduct.[9] The WSBA dismissed two counts before the disciplinary hearing. ", "Relevant here, the hearing officer found a clear preponderance of the evidence supported all seven remaining counts.", "\n\nA. Count one: violation of former RPC 1.2(a)[10]\n¶ 20 As to count one, the hearing officer determined Eugster failed to abide by his client's objectives in violation of former RPC 1.2(a) (1985) in two ways. ", "First, Eugster sought to appoint Roger guardian over Mrs. Stead despite the fact she had directed Eugster to remove Roger from control over her affairs. ", "Second, Eugster failed to reclaim property he knew to be in Roger's control that Mrs. Stead requested Eugster recover. ", "The hearing officer determined Eugster's state of mind was knowing and intentional because he knew Mrs. Stead did not want Roger in control of her affairs and Eugster sought personal gain from being in control of her trust. ", "The hearing officer determined Eugster's violation of former RPC 1.2(a) resulted in injury to Mrs. Stead because she lost contact with her son and spent $13,500 to defend against the guardianship. ", "The hearing officer considered whether any aggravating or mitigating factors applied. ", "As for aggravating factors, the hearing officer found Eugster committed multiple offenses, refused to acknowledge the wrongful nature of his conduct, Mrs. Stead was a vulnerable victim, and Eugster had substantial experience in the practice of law and working with elderly clients. ", "The hearing officer found one mitigating factor: no prior disciplinary history.[11] Applying American Bar Association's Standards for Imposing Lawyer Sanctions std. ", "7.1 (1991 Ed. & ", "Supp.1992) (ABA Standards), the hearing officer concluded the presumptive sanction for count one was disbarment.", "\n\nB. Count two: violation of former RPC 1.6(a)[12]\n¶ 21 The hearing officer found Eugster violated former RPC 1.6(a) (1990) by \"disclosing to Roger and other third parties confidential communications between himself *443 and Ms. Stead, and his impression of her during the representation.\" ", "CP at 2131. ", "The findings do not state what specific communications Eugster disclosed. ", "Rather, the findings refer to Eugster's assertions in his guardianship petition that Mrs. Stead was \"delusional\" and \"not capable of managing [her affairs].\" ", "CP at 2120. ", "The hearing officer determined that Eugster's state of mind was knowing and intentional because he made the disclosures in direct contravention of Mrs. Stead's stated objective to be free of Roger's control. ", "Applying ABA Standards std. ", "4.2, the hearing officer concluded the presumptive sanction for count two was suspension.", "\n\nC. Count three: violation of former RPC 1.8(b)[13] and 1.9(b)[14]\n¶ 22 The hearing officer found Eugster violated former RPC 1.8(b) (2000) and former RPC 1.9(b) (1985) when he sought to appoint Roger as guardian, served Mrs. Stead with guardianship papers in the common room at Parkview, and caused her to spend $13,500 litigating the action. ", "The hearing officer then referred to count two.", "\n\nD. Count four: violation of former RPC 1.9(a)[15]\n¶ 23 The hearing officer found Eugster violated former RPC 1.9(a) (1985) when he \"used information gained in the estate planning representation to file a guardianship appointing Roger as guardian.\" ", "CP at 2132-33. ", "Again, the findings do not tell us what information was used other than referring to the statement in the guardianship petition that the petitioner \"`has witnessed Mrs. Stead's lack of ability and capability in managing her affairs.'\" ", "Findings of Fact (FOF) 2.32. ", "The hearing officer determined Eugster acted knowingly to the detriment of Mrs. Stead when he filed his petition for guardianship despite arguing she was competent at the time she executed a trust (drafted by Eugster) naming Eugster successor trustee. ", "Applying ABA Standards std. ", "4.32, the hearing officer concluded the presumptive sanction for count four was suspension.", "\n\nE. Count five: violation of former RPC 1.15(d)[16]\n¶ 24 The hearing officer found Eugster violated former RPC 1.15(d) (1985) by not \"surrendering papers and property to which the client is entitled, and by refusing to turn over Ms. Stead's client file to Mr. Braff until after the guardianship was dismissed.\" ", "CP at 2133. ", "The hearing officer determined Eugster acted knowingly because he failed to return Mrs. Stead's file despite several requests. ", "The hearing officer concluded Eugster's violation of former RPC 1.15(d) imposed extra cost upon Mrs. Stead for her new attorney to recreate the file and attendant estate planning documents. ", "Applying ABA Standards std. ", "4.12, the hearing officer concluded that the presumptive sanction for count four was suspension.", "\n\nF. Counts six and seven were dismissed by the WSBA before the hearing.", "\n\nG. Count eight: violation of former RPC *444 3.4(c)[17]\n¶ 25 The hearing officer found Eugster violated former RPC 3.4(c) (1985) by \"filing the petition for guardianship without making a reasonable inquiry about Ms. Stead's mental condition.\" ", "CP at 2134. ", "The hearing officer determined Eugster acted knowingly. ", "The hearing officer concluded Eugster's manipulation of the judicial system in violation of former RPC 3.4(c) injured Mrs. Stead, the public, and the legal profession. ", "Applying ABA Standards std. ", "6.21, the hearing officer concluded the presumptive sanction for count eight was disbarment.", "\n\nH. Count nine: violation of former RPC 8.4(d) (2002)[18]\n¶ 26 The hearing officer found Eugster violated RPC 8.4(d) by refusing to recognize he had been fired by Mrs. Stead and filing a guardianship petition against his former client. ", "The hearing officer determined Eugster acted knowingly and intentionally when he filed the guardianship petition and knowingly when he involved Roger as copetitioner in the guardianship action against Mrs. Stead's stated objectives as Eugster's client. ", "The hearing officer concluded Eugster's violation of former RPC 8.4(d) cost Mrs. Stead her relationship with Roger, $13,500 to contest the guardianship, and injured the public and legal profession. ", "Applying ABA Standards std. ", "7. ", "1, the hearing officer concluded the presumptive sanction for count eight was disbarment.", "\n¶ 27 By unanimous vote, the Board amended portions of the hearing officer's findings of fact and adopted the recommendation to disbar Eugster. ", "Eugster timely sought review of the Board's order.[19]\n\nANALYSIS\n¶ 28 \"This court bears the ultimate responsibility for lawyer discipline in Washington.\" ", "In re Disciplinary Proceeding Against Cohen, 150 Wash.2d 744, 753-54, 82 P.3d 224 (2004) (citing In re Disciplinary Proceeding Against Anschell, 141 Wash.2d 593, 607, 9 P.3d 193 (2000)). ", "We give \"considerable weight to the hearing officer's findings of fact, especially with regard to the credibility of the witnesses, and we will uphold those findings so long as they are supported by `substantial evidence.'\" ", "In re Disciplinary Proceeding Against Poole, 156 Wash.2d 196, 208, 125 P.3d 954 (2006) (citing In re Disciplinary Proceeding Against Guarnero, 152 Wash.2d 51, 58, 93 P.3d 166 (2004)). \"", "We give great weight to a hearing officer's determination of an attorney's state of mind because it is a factual finding.\" ", "In re Disciplinary Proceeding Against Trejo, 163 Wash.2d 701, 722, 185 P.3d 1160 (2008) (citing In re Disciplinary Proceeding Against Longacre, 155 Wash.2d 723, 744, 122 P.3d 710 (2005)). ", "However, we review a hearing officer's conclusions of law de novo. ", "Id. at 717, 185 P.3d 1160. ", "On mixed questions of law and fact, this court effectively applies a sliding scale of deference. ", "The more the question involves the application of law, the less likely we are to give deference.", "\n\nCHALLENGES TO FINDINGS\n¶ 29 Eugster challenges 12 findings of fact.[20] He generally challenges the original and amended findings of fact as \"confusing, *445 incomplete, misleading or erroneous,\" and as speculative and not supported by substantial evidence. ", "Opening Br. ", "of Appellant, App. ", "A at 43. ", "Most of Eugster's challenges simply add detail to the hearing officer's findings or are based upon his interpretation of the evidence.", "\n¶ 30 Many challenges focus on Eugster's view of Mrs. Stead's objective in retaining him. ", "For example, Eugster argues that it was not contrary to Mrs. Stead's objectives to name Roger as her guardian as she had nominated him as such under her previous will. ", "According to Eugster, Mrs. Stead simply wanted to make sure Roger was not taking advantage of her and his actions accomplished her goals. ", "He asserts, \"That is what she wanted. ", "Marion wanted Eugster to take over things at least for the time being to ensure her son was not taking advantage of her.\" ", "Id. at 44. ", "One of her goals was to preserve the estate, and it made no sense to pay Eugster to do the daily work when Roger was doing it at no expense to the estate. ", "Eugster testified, \"[M]y goal was to really get things in my control so that if Roger was doing something untoward regarding his mother's estate, it wouldn't happen.\" ", "Verbatim Report of Proceedings at 780. ", "Eugster testified that one of the reasons he was named the successor trustee and Roger was the secondary successor trustee was to ensure Roger \"would have to go through [Eugster].\" ", "Id. Eugster believes he made efforts to bring Roger and his mother closer together and did not destroy their relationship.", "\n¶ 31 Eugster also challenges several findings based upon his view that he was motivated to file the guardianship petition out of his concern about the potential exploitation of a vulnerable adult client. ", "Eugster argues he sought to develop a plan to address these issues, including determining whether there was a legitimate basis for his concerns. ", "However, we note that neither do the findings conclude, nor does the WSBA contend, that Eugster did not subjectively believe that Mrs. Stead was incompetent. ", "They conclude only that Eugster failed to make a reasonable investigation into Mrs. Stead's competency before filing the guardianship petition and that Eugster acted with knowledge and intent to control the estate. ", "Although the WSBA does not explain why Eugster first recommended that Mrs. Stead act as her own trustee and later Roger act as successor trustee, or why Eugster invited Roger to participate in the guardianship petition if his goal was to control her estate, the record does reflect that Eugster was to serve as successor trustee should Mrs. Stead \"resign, become incompetent or die.\" ", "Resp't's Ex. ", "36, at 9. ", "Therefore, substantial evidence supports that Eugster would have been trustee had Mrs. Stead been found incompetent.", "\n¶ 32 Additionally, Eugster contends that he did not disclose Mrs. Stead's confidential communications but rather based his statements in the guardianship petition on his general observations—observations he believes should have been obvious to anyone. ", "However, the guardianship petition prepared and signed by Eugster did contain personal information about Mrs. Stead including her address, date of birth, a generalized description of her health and medications, and a list of her assets and the approximate value of those assets. ", "It is unlikely Eugster would have such personal information unless she had provided it to him in connection with his activities as her lawyer.", "\n¶ 33 While the evidence may have well supported Eugster's interpretations, the hearing officer and the Board arrived at different conclusions. ", "Those conclusions are supported by substantial evidence. ", "We will not overturn findings \"based simply on an alternative explanation or version of the facts previously rejected by the hearing officer and Board.\" ", "In re Poole, 156 Wash.2d at 212, 125 P.3d 954. ", "We decline to disturb the hearing officer's and Board's finding that the seven counts were proved by a clear preponderance of the evidence.[21]\n\nSANCTIONS\n¶ 34 We employ the ABA Standards as a basic, but not conclusive, guide to *446 determine the appropriate sanction for attorney misconduct. ", "In re Disciplinary Proceeding Against Burtch, 162 Wash.2d 873, 896, 175 P.3d 1070 (2008). ", "The \"standards are designed to promote thorough, rational consideration of all factors relevant to imposing a sanction in an individual case.\" ", "ABA Standards at 1. \"", "`The purpose of a disciplinary proceeding is not punitive but to inquire into the fitness of the lawyer to continue in that capacity for the protection of the public, the courts, and the legal profession.'\" ", "ABA Standards at 3 (quoting Ballard v. State Bar of Cal., ", "35 Cal.3d 274, 291, 673 P.2d 226, 197 Cal.", "Rptr. ", "556 (1983)). ", "The ABA has recognized the vast variety of circumstances that might arise in each case of lawyer discipline and created an analytical framework to evaluate misconduct and guidelines for imposing sanctions. ", "In re Disciplinary Proceeding Against Stansfield, 164 Wash.2d 108, 122, 187 P.3d 254 (2008). ", "The guidelines were not intended to be rigid but designed to permit \"flexibility and creativity in assigning sanctions in particular cases of lawyer misconduct.\" ", "ABA Standards std. ", "1.3.", "\n¶ 35 The Board's recommended sanctions receive great deference. \"", "`[W]e should not lightly depart from recommendations shaped by [the Board's] experience and perspective.'\" ", "In re Disciplinary Proceeding Against Marshall, 160 Wash.2d 317, 343, 157 P.3d 859 (2007) (alternations in original) (quoting In re Disciplinary Proceeding Against Noble, 100 Wash.2d 88, 94, 667 P.2d 608 (1983)). \"", "The Board is `the only body to hear the full range of disciplinary matters' and has a `unique experience and perspective in the administration of sanctions.'\" ", "In re Cohen, 150 Wash.2d at 754, 82 P.3d 224 (internal quotation marks omitted) (quoting In re Anschell, 141 Wash.2d at 607, 9 P.3d 193). ", "However, \"we are not bound by the Board's recommendation.\" ", "In re Marshall, 160 Wash.2d at 343, 157 P.3d 859. ", "While we will not lightly deviate from the Board's recommendation, if raised, we still must consider two Noble factors before imposing sanctions. ", "In re Disciplinary Proceeding Against Schwimmer, 153 Wash.2d 752, 764, 108 P.3d 761 (2005) (citing In re Disciplinary Proceeding Against Kuvara, 149 Wash.2d 237, 66 P.3d 1057 (2003)). ", "Those two factors are (1) proportionality of the sanction to the misconduct and (2) the extent of the agreement among the members of the disciplinary board. ", "Id.\n¶ 36 The ABA Standards lists four elements or factors the court should examine before imposing sanctions. ", "After a finding of lawyer misconduct, a court should consider the following factors to determine the appropriate sanction: (a) the duty violated, (b) the lawyer's mental state, (c) the potential or actual injury caused by the lawyer's misconduct, and (d) the existence of aggravating or mitigating factors. ", "ABA Standards std 3.0. ", "Analytically, we have described how the court engages in a two-step process utilizing the ABA Standards. ", "In re Disciplinary Proceeding Against Kronenberg, 155 Wash.2d 184, 195, 117 P.3d 1134 (2005). ", "We first examine the duty violated, the state of mind, and the harm to the victim to arrive at a presumptive sanction. ", "Id. Mitigating and aggravating factors are then considered to determine if the presumptive sanction should be modified. ", "Id. No one factor is paramount. ", "In determining the appropriate sanction, we examine the lawyer's misconduct as a whole and in context.[22] The court should consider the \"appropriate weight of such factors in light of the stated goals of lawyer discipline\" and should strive for \"consistency in the imposition of disciplinary sanctions.\" ", "ABA Standards std. ", "1.3.", "\n\n\n*447 A. Duty\n\n¶ 37 The duty or duties violated are important to evaluate the harm of the misconduct. \"", "The extent of the injury is defined by the type of duty violated and the extent of actual or potential harm.\" ", "ABA Standards at 6. \"[", "T]he standards assume that the most important ethical duties are those obligations which a lawyer owes to clients.\" ", "Id. at 5. ", "A single act of misconduct may violate more than one ethical duty. ", "The fact that the lawyer's misconduct has violated more than one duty may be relevant to the sanction.", "\n¶ 38 When considering patterns of misconduct and multiple offenses, the ABA Standards focuses on the acts of misconduct rather than the number of duties violated because of that misconduct. ", "Where there are multiple counts of misconduct, we focus on the most serious act in evaluating the appropriate sanction because the \"`ultimate sanction imposed should at least be consistent with the sanction for the most serious instance of misconduct among a number of violations.'\" ", "In re Schwimmer, 153 Wash.2d at 759, 108 P.3d 761 (internal quotation marks omitted) (quoting In re Disciplinary Proceeding Against Romero, 152 Wash.2d 124, 135, 94 P.3d 939 (2004)).", "\n¶ 39 In evaluating Eugster's conduct, we are mindful that the WSBA parsed his misconduct into seven counts and that each count violated one or more duties. ", "However, all of the ethical violations arise largely from just two acts of misconduct. ", "By filing what has been determined to be a baseless petition for the appointment of a guardian for his client, the hearing officer and the Board concluded that Eugster violated the following duties: (1) he failed to abide by his client's objectives in violation of former RPC 1.2(a); (2) he disclosed client confidences in violation of former RPC 1.6(a); (3) he used information relating to the representation of his client to her disadvantage in violation of former RPC 1.8(b) and former RPC 1.9(b); (4) he represented himself, another person with interests materially adverse to his client, in violation of former RPC 1.9(a); and (5) by filing the petition without a reasonable investigation, he violated CR 11 and engaged in conduct that is prejudicial to the administration of justice in violation of former RPC 3.4(c).", "\n¶ 40 In a separate but related act of misconduct of refusing to recognize that Mrs. Stead may not be incompetent, Eugster refused to accept that she had discharged him and retained new counsel. ", "Based on this act the hearing officer and Board concluded he had violated the following additional duties: (6) he failed to surrender Mrs. Stead's files in violation of former RPC 1.15(d); and, (7) by representing to the court that he still represented Mrs. Stead, he engaged in conduct prejudicial to the administration of justice in violation of RPC 8.4(d).", "\n¶ 41 The ABA Standards is designed to promote consideration of all factors relevant to imposing the appropriate level of sanction in an individual case. ", "While the number of duties violated from a single act of misconduct may be useful, the ABA Standards is not based upon a mechanical tally of the number of code violations. ", "Again, in arriving at a presumptive sanction, the ABA Standards focuses on the acts of misconduct and uses the analytical framework of examining the duty or duties violated, the harm or potential harm to the client, and the lawyer's state of mind.", "\n\nB. State of Mind\n\n¶ 42 To determine whether a lawyer breached an ethical duty \"knowingly,\" we use the \"knew or should have known\" standard.[23] However, when assessing a lawyer's state of mind for purposes of imposing sanctions, we do not apply the \"knew or should have known\" standard. ", "In re Stansfield, 164 Wash.2d at 127, 187 P.3d 254. ", "To do so would eviscerate the negligence standard by forcing us to assume the lawyer should have *448 known the substantial risk of his actions rather than allowing us the flexibility to conclude that he simply failed to heed that substantial risk.[24]Id. ", "Instead, when assessing a lawyer's mental state for purposes of imposing sanctions, we look to his state of mind relative to the consequences of his misconduct rather than the duty violated.[25]See id. at 123, 187 P.3d 254.", "\n¶ 43 A lawyer's mental state toward the consequences of his actions may be either negligent, knowing, or intentional. ", "ABA Standards at 6. ", "The most culpable mental state is intent, defined as \"when the lawyer acts with the conscious objective or purpose to accomplish a particular result.\" ", "Id. The next most culpable mental state is knowledge, defined as \"when the lawyer acts with conscious awareness of the nature or attendant circumstances of his or her conduct but without the conscious objective or purpose to accomplish a particular result.\" ", "Id. When applying the ABA Standards, there can be a fine line between intentional and knowing conduct. ", "In re Stansfield, 164 Wash.2d at 124, 187 P.3d 254. ", "It is often very difficult to distinguish between conscious awareness of the nature or attendant circumstance and conscious objective or purpose to accomplish a particular result. \"[", "I]n cases where we have found an attorney acted with an intentional state of mind, generally the attorney's intent was to benefit herself or himself.\" ", "In re Poole, 156 Wash.2d at 239, 125 P.3d 954.", "\n¶ 44 In determining Eugster's state of mind, we reserve the right to determine how much weight to give the hearing officer's findings in arriving at the presumptive sanction. ", "The hearing officer concluded that Eugster's state of mind was intentional with respect to counts 1, 2, and 9. ", "The findings of intent in all three are based upon the same conclusion: that Eugster filed the guardianship action in order to maintain control over Mrs. Stead's trust and the fees it would generate. ", "This conclusion appears to be derived more from the hearing officer's belief that only Eugster would benefit financially if Mrs. Stead were found to be incompetent rather than any finding of credibility regarding Eugster's motives. ", "The hearing officer's findings regarding Count 1 are clear but appear to be somewhat contradictory. ", "For example, if Eugster took control of Mrs. Stead's trust, it supports the hearing officer's conclusion that he did so to control Mrs. Stead's estate for his own gain. ", "But if he failed to take control, then it supported the hearing officer's conclusion that he failed to accomplish Mrs. Stead's objective of removing Roger from control in violation of former RPC 1.2(a). ", "The hearing officer concluded Eugster did both in Count I. The Board inserted an additional finding in an effort to clarify but without much success. ", "AFOF 2.26.1. ", "Neither finding explains why Eugster first recommended that Mrs. Stead act as her own trustee and later recommended to Mrs. Stead, \"I think you should give serious *449 thought to making Roger the successor trustee to your Trust and the person holding your power of attorney.\" ", "Resp't's Ex. ", "52, at 3. ", "Had Mrs. Stead followed either of these recommendations, it would have removed or reduced the very control Eugster was found to have sought. ", "Indeed, it was Eugster's act of recommending that Roger, not he, control the trust that led Mrs. Stead to discharge him.", "\n¶ 45 If Eugster did act to control the trust, there is no contention that he failed to perform the work requested, did more work than was necessary, or charged more than he should have.[26] While Mrs. Stead's assets are described as substantial, they were valued at less than $500,000 in the guardianship petition. ", "Finally, while finding that Eugster sought to control Mrs. Stead's estate, the hearing officer also found several times that Eugster substituted his judgment for that of his client. ", "The finding that \"Eugster substituted his judgment for hers\" is consistent with Eugster's position that he was motivated to do what he subjectively believed to be in the best interest of his client, not that he was motivated to control her assets for his own benefit. ", "Neither the findings nor the WSBA contradicts Eugster's contention that he subjectively believed Mrs. Stead was incompetent to manage her affairs. ", "He is alleged only to have failed to perform an adequate investigation before filing the petition for guardianship. ", "Although we agree that Eugster knew his actions might benefit himself financially, we give greater weight to the hearing officer's finding that Eugster's real failing was in substituting his judgment for that of his client.", "\n\nC. Harm\n\n¶ 46 The injury and potential injury to both Mrs. Stead and the integrity of the profession are substantial. ", "Not only did Mrs. Stead expend $13,500 defending the guardianship petition, but she was also confronted with a lawyer whom she believed had completely betrayed her by having her declared incompetent. ", "In addition, it appears that the already tenuous relationship between Mrs. Stead and her son was irreparably damaged as a result of these events. ", "The injury to Mrs. Stead was serious and substantial.", "\n\nD. Presumptive Sanction\n\n¶ 47 To arrive at a presumptive sanction, we must examine Eugster's conduct as a whole and in context and evaluate his misconduct, his state of mind and the harm caused. ", "Having done so, we note Eugster practiced law for 34 years without a disciplinary history, and his misconduct is isolated to a single client and a single legal action lasting over approximately two months, and does not fall within the type of conduct for which disbarment is usually imposed for a first offense. ", "While we are generally reluctant to deviate from the Board's recommendation, after reviewing each of the factors together and in context, we conclude that disbarment is not the appropriate sanction.", "\n¶ 48 However, Eugster's misconduct was serious. ", "Eugster's most serious act of misconduct was to file a petition for the appointment of a guardian alleging that Mrs. Stead was incompetent with virtually no investigation. ", "He acted almost entirely upon his own subjective judgment. ", "As appropriately described by the hearing officer:\nMs. Stead wrote in a sworn statement in the guardianship she believed Mr. Eugster was taking the action for his financial gain. ", "Mr. Eugster proffered a finding of fact that he took the actions because he knew best. ", "This lack of understanding of the lawyer client relationship is telling. ", "A lawyer is hired to help people avoid or solve problems, they serve at the pleasure of those who employ them. ", "We are servants, not masters. ", "We can cajole, wheedle, debate, and try to persuade, be we shall not substitute our judgment for the client's.", "\n. . . .", "\nRespondent fails to grasp the most fundamental tenant [sic] of law practice, serve your client, protect their confidences. ", "The damage to the profession here is bad.", "\nCP at 2139-40.", "\n¶ 49 In filing the petition for guardianship, Eugster breached his duty to maintain his *450 client's confidences, used confidences to take action directly contrary to his client's interests, and created a nightmare for his client who had to spend $13,500 defending a petition to declare her incompetent brought by her former lawyer in whom she had placed her trust. ", "However, Eugster's misconduct was the first in a long career. ", "It involved only one client in one legal proceeding and lasted for approximately two months before he took steps to mitigate his actions. ", "Looking at his misconduct in context, the duties breached, his state of mind and the harm or potential harm to his client and the legal profession, we find the appropriate presumptive sanction to be suspension.", "\n\nE. Aggravating and Mitigating Factors\n\n¶ 50 Once we determine the presumptive sanction, we next consider any aggravating or mitigating factors. ", "In re Marshall, 160 Wash.2d at 342, 157 P.3d 859. ", "The hearing officer found five aggravating factors: (1) dishonest or selfish motive, (2) multiple offenses, (3) refusal to acknowledge wrongful nature of conduct, (4) vulnerability of victim, and (5) substantial experience in the practice of law. ", "The Board affirmed these aggravating factors. ", "Eugster challenges the application of a \"dishonest or selfish motive\" as an aggravating factor.[27] Again, the hearing officer based her finding of dishonest or selfish motive upon her conclusion that Eugster had a financial interest in the guardianship petition because he would have gained \"control over Ms. Stead's considerable estate\" had the guardianship petition succeeded. ", "FOF 3.11. ", "The hearing officer also concluded from Eugster's proposed findings of fact that he \"sought to substitute his judgment for his client's.\" ", "Id. The evidence clearly supports a finding that Eugster substituted his judgment for that of his clients. ", "The evidence is more equivocal as to his motive to take control over Mrs. Stead's finances. ", "Again, while the hearing officer's finding of dishonest or selfish motive is supported by evidence, we give it less weight in determining the appropriate sanction.", "\n¶ 51 The hearing officer applied only one mitigating factor: no prior disciplinary history. ", "Eugster argues the Board ignored other mitigating factors but does not elucidate which mitigating factors apply in this circumstance. ", "Except for the weight to be given, we accept the hearing officer's and Board's conclusions regarding aggravating and mitigating factors.", "\n\nPROPORTIONALITY\n¶ 52 After we determine the presumptive sanction in light of the relevant aggravating and mitigating factors, we consider whether the sanction is appropriate according to the Noble factors, but only if the disciplined attorney raises the issue. ", "In re Disciplinary Proceeding Against Holcomb, 162 Wash.2d 563, 592, 173 P.3d 898 (2007). ", "Only one Noble factor is relevant here—the proportionality of the sanction to the misconduct. ", "In re Burtch, 162 Wash.2d at 900, 175 P.3d 1070. ", "Eugster asks the court to consider our decisions in In re Burtch, In re Marshall, In re Poole, and In re Stansfield. ", "Opening Br. ", "of Appellant at 39-41; Appellant's Statement of Additional Authorities. ", "The WSBA argues these cases are not sufficiently analogous to prove disbarment is not proportionate. ", "Answering Br. ", "of WSBA at 49.", "\n¶ 53 Disbarment is the most severe sanction. ", "We have historically reserved disbarment for grievous acts of ethical misconduct. ", "Disbarment has generally been applied to four categories of misconduct: (1) the commission of a felony of moral turpitude, In re Disciplinary Proceeding Against *451 Day, 162 Wash.2d 527, 173 P.3d 915 (2007) (first degree child molestation); In re Disciplinary Proceeding Against Stroh, 97 Wash.2d 289, 644 P.2d 1161 (1982) (tampering with a witness); In re Disbarment of Barnett, 35 Wash.2d 191, 211 P.2d 714 (1949) (bartering narcotics);[28] (2) forgery, fraud, giving false testimony and knowing misrepresentations to a tribunal, In re Burtch, 162 Wash.2d at 896, 175 P.3d 1070; In re Disciplinary Proceeding Against Whitney, 155 Wash.2d 451, 120 P.3d 550 (2005); In re Guarnero, 152 Wash.2d 51, 93 P.3d 166; In re Disciplinary Proceeding Against Whitt, 149 Wash.2d 707, 72 P.3d 173 (2003); In re Disciplinary Proceeding Against Miller, 149 Wash.2d 262, 66 P.3d 1069 (2003);[29] (3) misappropriation of client funds, In re Schwimmer, 153 Wash.2d 752, 108 P.3d 761; In re Disciplinary Proceeding Against VanDerbeek, 153 Wash.2d 64, 101 P.3d 88 (2004);[30] and, (4) extreme lack of diligence, In re Disciplinary Proceeding Against Anschell, 149 Wash.2d 484, 69 P.3d 844 (2003).[31] It would be unusual, perhaps unprecedented, to disbar a lawyer who does not have a disciplinary history for misconduct involving a single client in a single proceeding for conduct that lasted approximately two months unless it fell within one of these categories. ", "Eugster's misconduct is not among those usually justifying disbarment. ", "There is no contention that Eugster committed a felony involving moral turpitude, or engaged in forgery, fraud, giving false testimony or knowingly making misrepresentations to a tribunal; nor is there any allegation that he misappropriated client funds; nor has Eugster been guilty of extreme lack of diligence. ", "Again, Eugster's misconduct involved a single client and a single legal action involving that client. ", "The misconduct took place over a period of approximately two months after which time he took steps to correct or mitigate his misconduct. ", "His misconduct began in late September 2004 when he refused to release Mrs. Stead's files to new counsel and filed the guardianship petition. ", "By late October, he declined his service as successor trustee over Mrs. Stead's trust and as attorney in fact. ", "On November 17, 2004, he withdrew his name from the guardianship petition. ", "We agree that disbarment is disproportionate.", "\n\nSUSPENSION\n¶ 54 Generally, when we apply the sanction of suspension, we start with a minimum of six months. ", "In re Trejo, 163 Wash.2d at 722, 185 P.3d 1160 (quoting In re Disciplinary Proceeding Against Lopez, 153 Wash.2d 570, 596 n. 11, 106 P.3d 221 (2005) (citing ABA Standards std. ", "2.3)). ", "However, given the seriousness of Eugster's misconduct, the duties breached, the findings that he acted with knowledge and intent, the seriousness of the injury or potential injury, and four aggravating factors and only one mitigating factor, we conclude a suspension for 18 months is the appropriate sanction. ", "Eugster should also pay restitution to Mrs. Stead's estate in the amount of $13,500.", "\n¶ 55 While not condoning Eugster's actions in any way, we are concerned *452 that this matter might send the wrong message to lawyers who represent the elderly— whether they specialize in elder law or are general practitioners who have represented a family or a client for many years. ", "Issues of a client's competency arise in many forms. ", "However, one scenario which is regrettably not uncommon is for a person of advanced years to fall under the influence of a friend, neighbor, or distant family member. ", "It may come to the attention of a lawyer that an impaired client has fallen under such influence. ", "Often, the friend or distant family member has taken the client to his or her own lawyer who has prepared a new will cutting out other family members and frustrating careful estate planning. ", "Under such circumstances, if the lawyer reasonably believes that her client is suffering diminished capacity and is under undue influence, the lawyer may take protective action under RPC 1.14 without fear of provoking charges of ethical misconduct by the WSBA seeking disbarment. ", "A lawyer's decision to have her client declared incompetent is a serious act that should be taken only after an appropriate investigation and careful, thoughtful deliberation.", "\n¶ 56 We emphasize that Eugster's actions are distinguishable. ", "First, Eugster failed to make any reasonable inquiry into Mrs. Stead's competency. ", "Second, he knew or had information available to him to suggest Mrs. Stead had a \"sanity\" or mental status exam and was determined to be competent within six months of filing the guardianship petition. ", "Third, it seems uncontroverted that Eugster believed Mrs. Stead was competent just months before he filed the guardianship petition, when she signed the estate planning documents Eugster prepared for her. ", "Finally, Eugster fails to explain why his epiphany that his client was incompetent seems to have occurred on the very day he discovered that she had retained new counsel and wanted to discharge him. ", "Lawyers who act reasonably under RPC 1.14 are not subject to discipline. ", "Eugster did not.", "\n\nCONCLUSION\n¶ 57 Eugster acted knowingly and with intent with respect to the consequences when he refused to turn over his client's files and important papers as requested and when he filed a guardianship petition to have his client or former client declared incompetent. ", "In so doing he violated seven ethical duties causing actual and potential harm to his client and the profession for which he is suspended from the practice of law for 18 months and ordered to pay restitution to the estate of Mrs. Stead in the sum of $13,500.", "\nWE CONCUR: Justice SUSAN OWENS, Justice CHARLES W. JOHNSON, Justice JAMES M. JOHNSON, and Justice DEBRA L. STEPHENS.", "\nFAIRHURST, J. (dissenting).", "\n¶ 58 The majority describes this case as one of an attorney who has \"practiced law for 34 years without a disciplinary history, and his misconduct is isolated to a single client and a single legal action lasting over approximately two months, and does not fall within the type of conduct for which disbarment is usually imposed for a first offense.\" ", "Majority at 449. ", "In so doing, the majority selectively uses the facts to arrive at the conclusion it desires: a suspension. ", "The majority's analysis ignores that Stephen K. Eugster failed to abide by Mrs. Marion Stead's objectives and filed a guardianship petition that he knew lacked any factual or legal basis against Mrs. Stead, a vulnerable victim. ", "If successful, the guardianship petition would have financially benefited Eugster through attorney fees, but instead, it ended up costing Mrs. Stead $13,500 and her relationship with her son. ", "The majority's reasoning discards our well-settled attorney discipline sanction analysis in favor of a confusing, contradictory scheme that lacks any standards. ", "I cannot join in the majority's incomplete and flawed reasoning. ", "The only conclusion that can be drawn from our well-settled sanction analysis and precedent is Eugster should be disbarred. ", "I dissent.", "\n\nA. Sanction analysis overview\n¶ 59 Although it does not follow the methodology, the majority initially correctly describes the methodology the American Bar Association (ABA) and this court have historically *453 used for assessing the sanction. ", "After determining that an attorney has violated the Rules of Professional Conduct (RPCs), we first examine the duty violated, the state of mind, and the harm to the victim to arrive at a presumptive sanction through the lens of the ABA Standards for Imposing Lawyer Sanctions (1991 & Supp.1992) (ABA Standards) standards 4.0-8.0. ", "In re Disciplinary Proceeding Against Kronenberg, 155 Wash.2d 184, 195, 117 P.3d 1134 (2005); ABA Standards at 5. ", "The presumptive sanction serves as a starting point to the ultimate sanction. ", "After the presumptive sanction is determined, mitigating and aggravating factors are considered to determine if the presumptive sanction should be modified. ", "Kronenberg, 155 Wash.2d at 195, 117 P.3d 1134; ABA Standards at 5.", "\n¶ 60 Both the hearing officer and the Washington State Bar Association (WSBA) Disciplinary Board (Board) go through this process independently to fashion a recommended sanction. ", "In re Disciplinary Proceeding Against Cohen, 150 Wash.2d 744, 754, 82 P.3d 224 (2004). ", "Both the hearing officer and Board serve important functions to be given great deference. ", "The hearing officer is the only adjudicative body to assess the credibility of witnesses and make findings. ", "In re Disciplinary Proceeding Against Stansfield, 164 Wash.2d 108, 125, 187 P.3d 254 (2008). ", "The Board has unique experience and perspective in the administration of sanctions because it is \"`the only body to hear the full range of disciplinary matters'\" in all contested Washington disciplinary cases. ", "Cohen, 150 Wash.2d at 754, 82 P.3d 224 (internal quotation marks omitted) (quoting In re Disciplinary Proceeding Against Anschell, 141 Wash.2d 593, 607, 9 P.3d 193 (2000) (Anschell I)).", "\n¶ 61 Although we are not bound by the Board's recommendation, we will not lightly deviate from the Board's recommendation. ", "Id.; see also In re Disciplinary Proceeding Against Anschell, 149 Wash.2d 484, 501-03, 69 P.3d 844 (2003) (Anschell II) (discussing need of the hearing officer and Board to recommend a presumptive sanction for each violation). ", "If raised, we consider the two remaining In re Disciplinary Proceeding Against Noble, 100 Wash.2d 88, 667 P.2d 608 (1983), factors before imposing sanctions: (1) the proportionality of the sanction to other instances of misconduct and (2) the extent of the agreement among the members of the Board. ", "In re Disciplinary Proceeding Against Schwimmer, 153 Wash.2d 752, 764, 108 P.3d 761 (2005). ", "Applying this methodology, I now analyze what sanction Eugster should receive.", "\n\nB. Duty\n¶ 62 We first look to the duty or duties violated to understand the type of harm and who was affected by the acts of the attorney. \"", "The extent of the injury is defined by the type of duty violated and the extent of actual or potential harm.\" ", "ABA Standards at 6. ", "The reason we look to the duties violated is because the sanction analysis segregates itself according to whom the duty was owed. ", "See id. at 5 (stating the first question a court imposing sanctions should answer is, \"[w]hat ethical duty did the lawyer violate? (", "A duty to a client, the public, the legal system, or the profession?)\"). ", "For example, standard 4.0 discusses the presumptive sanctions to administer when there is a violation of a duty owed to clients, standard 5.0 covers violations of duties owed to the public, standard 6.0 covers violations of duties owed to the legal system, and so forth. ", "To determine which duties were violated, we must look to the counts of misconduct that describe the RPCs the attorney violated. ", "Because each count can potentially involve multiple duties, we must examine the duties violated in those counts for purposes of later determining which standard should apply.", "\n¶ 63 Here, the hearing officer, Board, and members of this court agree Eugster committed seven counts of misconduct. ", "I will analyze those counts separately to determine which duties were violated.[1]\n\n\n*454 1. ", "Count one: violation of former RPC 1.2(a) (2002)\n¶ 64 When Eugster violated former RPC 1.2(a)[2] by \"fail[ing] to abide by the client's objectives of representation, which were to remove her son Roger from control of her affairs, re-take control of her financial affairs and re-claim property she believed Roger had kept in violation of her wishes,\" he violated a duty owed as a professional. ", "Disciplinary Board Order Adopting Hr'g Officer's Decision with Amendments (Board Order) at 12-13. ", "The hearing officer and the unanimous Board correctly applied standard 7.0 to determine the presumptive sanction. ", "ABA Standards at 5.", "\n\n2. ", "Count two: violation of former RPC 1.6(a) (1990)\n¶ 65 When Eugster violated former RPC 1.6(a)[3] by telling his \"client's son he believed she was delusional, and when he signed a guardianship petition in which he used her personal information and set forth her financial condition and his impression of her, formed during his estate planning work he disclosed confidences relating to the representation,\" he violated a duty owed to the client. ", "Findings of Fact, Conclusions of Law, Hr'g Officer's Recommendation (FOFCOL) at 12, ¶ 2.27. ", "The hearing officer and the unanimous Board correctly applied standard 4.2 to determine the presumptive sanction. ", "ABA Standards at 5.", "\n\n3. ", "Count three: violation of former RPC 1.8(b) (2000) and 1.9(b) (1985)\n¶ 66 When Eugster violated former RPC 1.8(b)[4] and 1.9(b)[5] by \"us[ing] secrets and confidences to Mrs. Stead's disadvantage,\" he violated a duty owed to the client. ", "Board Order at 13; FOFCOL at 24, ¶ 3.3. ", "Although the hearing officer and unanimous Board did not explain which standard they applied, standard 4.2 is used to determine the presumptive sanction. ", "ABA Standards at 5.", "\n\n4. ", "Count four: violation of former RPC 1.9(a) (1985)\n¶ 67 When Eugster violated former RPC 1.9(a)[6] by representing himself in the guardianship action to advance interests adverse to Mrs. Stead, he violated a duty owed to a client. ", "Board Order at 27; FOFCOL at 15, ¶¶ 2.34, 2.35. ", "The hearing officer and the unanimous Board correctly applied standard 4.3 to determine the presumptive sanction. ", "ABA Standards at 5.", "\n\n5. ", "Count five: violation of former RPC 1.15(d) (1985)\n¶ 68 When Eugster violated former RPC 1.15(d)[7] by failing to turn over Mrs. Stead's files despite Andrew Braff's repeated requests, Eugster violated a duty owed to a client. ", "FOFCOL at 16, ¶ 2.38. ", "The hearing officer and the unanimous Board correctly applied standard 4.1 to determine the presumptive sanction. ", "ABA Standards at 5.", "\n\n\n*455 6. ", "Count eight: violation of former RPC 3.4(c) (1985)\n¶ 69 When Eugster violated former RPC 3.4(c)[8] because he violated CR 11 by failing to make a \"reasonable inquiry about Ms. Stead's mental condition,\" Eugster violated a duty owed to the legal system. ", "FOFCOL at 16. ", "The hearing officer and unanimous Board correctly applied standard 6.2 to determine the presumptive sanction. ", "ABA Standards at 5.", "\n\n7. ", "Count nine: violation of former RPC 8.4(d) (2002)\n¶ 70 When Eugster violated former RPC 8.4(d)[9] by pursuing the guardianship action against Mrs. Stead to install himself as the trustee and attorney in fact over Ms. Stead's assets, Eugster violated a duty owed as a professional. ", "FOFCOL at 18, ¶¶ 2.42-2.45. ", "The hearing officer and unanimous Board correctly applied standard 7.0 to determine the presumptive sanction. ", "ABA Standards at 5-6.", "\n¶ 71 To recap, we apply standard 4.0 to determine the presumptive sanction for the violations of duties outlined in counts two, three, four, and five; standard 6.0 to determine the presumptive sanction for the violation of the duty outlined in count eight; and standard 7.0 for the violations of duties outlined in counts one and nine.", "\n¶ 72 The majority notes, and I agree, it is important to look at the duties themselves because we should base our sanction, in part, on to whom the attorney owed a duty. ", "As the majority and the ABA Standards agree, the most important duty is owed to the client. ", "ABA Standards at 5. ", "If a lawyer violates a duty owed to a client as compared to a duty owed to the general public, the legal system, or as a professional, then we, like the ABA Standards framework, should use that fact in our sanction analysis.[10]\n¶ 73 While the majority recognizes we must look to the duties violated, and even recognizes that several duties were violated here, the majority does not analyze what duties were violated. ", "By not examining the types of duties implicated by Eugster's misconduct, the majority's approach runs counter to our established case law. ", "See Anschell II, 149 Wash.2d at 506, 69 P.3d 844; In re Disciplinary Proceeding Against Cramer, 165 Wash.2d 323, 339, 198 P.3d 485 (2008); In re Disciplinary Proceeding Against Trejo, 163 Wash.2d 701, 723-27, 185 P.3d 1160 (2008); In re Disciplinary Proceeding Against Burtch, 162 Wash.2d 873, 897-98, 175 P.3d 1070 (2008); Kronenberg, 155 Wash.2d at 195-96, 117 P.3d 1134; In re Disciplinary Proceeding Against Lopez, 153 Wash.2d 570, 583-88, 592-93, 106 P.3d 221 (2005).", "\n¶ 74 Instead of examining the duties, the majority uses a sleight of hand to transform the analysis to hold that Eugster's charges of misconduct can be reduced to two acts of misconduct. ", "Majority at 447-48. ", "The majority justifies its action by citing a statement in Schwimmer where we said we focus on the most serious act in determining the appropriate sanction because the \"`ultimate sanction imposed should at least be consistent with the sanction for the most serious instance of misconduct among a number of violations.'\" ", "153 Wash.2d at 759, 108 P.3d 761 (internal quotation marks omitted) (quoting In re Disciplinary Proceeding Against Romero, 152 Wash.2d 124, 135, 94 P.3d 939 (2004)). ", "There are several problems with this analysis.", "\n¶ 75 The majority tries to use Schwimmer to (a) reduce the misconduct into as few separate acts as possible and (b) reduce the ultimate sanction. ", "The majority's attempt misapplies Schwimmer. ", "Schwimmer states that the ultimate sanction should at least be *456 consistent with the most serious sanction that could be imposed among the various violations. ", "In order to determine the most serious sanction, we first have to determine what the presumptive sanction is for each violation. ", "See Anschell II, 149 Wash.2d at 502, 69 P.3d 844 (stating the hearing officer and Board should examine each violation, even if the presumptive sanction for one of the violations is disbarment). ", "Only after the Schwimmer court determined one of the presumptive sanctions was disbarment did the court cut short the analysis. ", "It was unnecessary to examine the other charges and saved us time and pages to simply handle the issue summarily when we were a unanimous court imposing a sanction of disbarment.", "\n¶ 76 Next, the majority's analysis of the number of acts of misconduct is not relevant to determining the types of duties violated. ", "The number of acts is not even relevant to determining the presumptive sanction except to the extent it determines the number of RPC violations that are at issue.[11]\n¶ 77 Because the majority's analysis appears to be altering our presumptive sanction analysis, I have grave concerns with the implications. ", "The majority's holding will cause confusion for subsequent attorney discipline cases because it will now be questionable whether the hearing officers, Board, and this court should look at the duties violated. ", "Under the majority's analysis, all counts of misconduct will be reduced into as few related episodes of misconduct as possible. ", "It does not make sense to base the presumptive sanction on as few episodes of misconduct as possible because the point of finding the presumptive sanction is to create a standardized sanction for the attorney's actions and the resulting harm in the context of the RPCs violated. ", "Because the majority fails to properly analyze what duties were violated, and instead simply states there were two episodes of misconduct, there is no standard like those articulated in standards 4.0-8.0 that can be used to find Eugster's presumptive sanction.", "\n\nC. Mental state\n¶ 78 After determining the types of duties violated, we next determine the attorney's mental state. ", "All of our prior case law holds that we are to give strong deference to the hearing officer. ", "See Cramer, 165 Wash.2d at 332, 198 P.3d 485 (\"we often recognize that the hearing officer is in the best position to determine factual findings regarding a lawyer's state of mind and his decision is given `great weight' on review.\" (", "quoting In re Disciplinary Proceeding Against Longacre, 155 Wash.2d 723, 744, 122 P.3d 710 (2005))); In re Disciplinary Proceeding Against Poole, 156 Wash.2d 196, 208, 125 P.3d 954 (2006). ", "In Anschell II, we explicitly declined an invitation to make determinations of mental state and extent of harm, stating:\nWe decline, for several reasons, to make the initial determination of the applicable mental state and extent of harm in connection with each of the violations. ", "Both inquiries are factual in nature, and the hearing officer is in the best position to make such determinations based upon the evidence presented.", "\n149 Wash.2d at 501, 69 P.3d 844. ", "We give such deference to the hearing officer because the hearing officer is the only adjudicative body to have the opportunity to listen to the witnesses, assess their demeanor, talk to the charged attorney, and make credibility findings. ", "See Cohen, 150 Wash.2d at 754, 82 P.3d 224. \"", "Ordinarily we should not disturb the factual findings made by the hearing officer upon conflicting evidence.\" ", "Cramer, 165 Wash.2d at 333, 198 P.3d 485. ", "Without citation to any authority, the majority states we reserve the right to determine how much weight to give the findings of mental state. ", "Majority at 448. ", "By this statement, the majority enables this court to engage in credibility and factual findings. ", "That is not our role—nor should it be.", "\n¶ 79 We are to analyze an attorney's mental state for purposes of deriving a presumptive sanction. ", "To determine the presumptive *457 sanction, we look to standards 4.0-8.0, using the duty violated. ", "In those standards, with the exception of standard 4.1 (count five), the presumptive sanction generally will be disbarment if the attorney, with the intent to benefit himself or another, knowingly committed the misconduct. ", "The presumptive sanction generally will be a suspension if the attorney acted only knowingly (without the intent to benefit himself or another).", "\n¶ 80 The ABA Standards defines \"`[k]nowledge'\" for purposes of determining whether the lawyer knowingly engaged in misconduct[12] as \"the conscious awareness of the nature or attendant circumstances of the conduct but without the conscious objective or purpose to accomplish a particular result.\" ", "ABA Standards at 7; see Trejo, 163 Wash.2d at 722, 185 P.3d 1160. ", "We have consistently treated this as a knew or should have known standard. ", "See In re Disciplinary Proceeding Against Behrman, 165 Wash.2d 414, 421, 423, 197 P.3d 1177 (2008); Stansfield, 164 Wash.2d at 123, 187 P.3d 254;[13]In re Disciplinary Proceeding Against Egger, 152 Wash.2d 393, 416, 98 P.3d 477 (2004); In re Disciplinary Proceeding Against McKean, 148 Wash.2d 849, 870, 64 P.3d 1226 (2003).", "\n¶ 81 In looking at whether the attorney knowingly committed the misconduct with the intent to benefit the lawyer or another, \"intent\" is defined as \"the conscious objective or purpose to accomplish a particular result.", "\"[14] ABA Standards at 7; Stansfield, 164 Wash.2d at 123, 187 P.3d 254 (stating, \"`[I]n cases where we have found an attorney acted with an intentional state of mind, generally the attorney's intent was to benefit herself or himself.'\" (", "alteration in original) (quoting Poole, 156 Wash.2d at 239, 125 P.3d 954 (Madsen, J., dissenting))). ", "In determining whether the attorney intended to benefit himself or herself or another, we do not look only at the statements made by the attorney regarding his or her mental state. ", "Rather, we look at what knowledge was available and the extent to which the attorney acted in conformity with that knowledge to determine if the attorney knowingly acted with the intent to benefit himself or herself. ", "See In re Disciplinary Proceeding Against Miller, 149 Wash.2d 262, 281, 66 P.3d 1069 (2003) (examining an attorney's actions to hold the attorney knowingly used an incapacitated client to loan him money with the intent to never repay); Poole, 156 Wash.2d at 221, 125 P.3d 954 (holding, contrary to the attorney's argument otherwise, the objective facts demonstrate an attorney acted knowingly with the intent to deceive the court). ", "For example, if the evidence suggests the attorney knew if he or she committed certain acts, the attorney would receive a benefit to himself or herself, and the attorney took those acts, then the fact finder could find the attorney acted knowingly with the intent to benefit himself or herself.[15]\n*458 ¶ 82 As the hearing officer repeatedly found, Eugster acted with the intent to benefit himself or Roger. ", "Board Order at 26, 29; FOFCOL at 11-18, ¶¶ 2.26, 2.35, 2.38, 2.43-2.45, 3.1-3.9, 3.11. ", "Eugster knew Mrs. Stead hired him to remove Roger's control over her estate, to return property in Roger's possession, and to draft a new will and trust. ", "Eugster knew he drafted documents giving himself power over Mrs. Stead's estate in the event she became incompetent. ", "He also knew Roger was a secondary trustee under the trust and had secondary power of attorney. ", "Eugster knew if Mrs. Stead retained another attorney, Eugster would lose the power over Mrs. Stead's estate and the right to the accompanying fees.", "\n¶ 83 With regard to count one, the evidence demonstrates Eugster knowingly failed to abide by Mrs. Stead's objectives with the intent to benefit himself or another. ", "The proof that Eugster intended to benefit himself or Roger is that Eugster knew documents existed granting him power over Mrs. Stead's estate in the event of her death or incompetency. ", "He knew of these documents because he drafted them. ", "He knew he was entitled to fees when he controlled the estate, and he knew the hiring of Braff would no longer entitle Eugster to the power over the estate and the fees. ", "Eugster's actions in refusing to recognize the termination of representation and filing the petition for guardianship was consistent with his knowledge that such acts would ensure he retained power over the estate and received the fees. ", "More than substantial evidence exists to demonstrate Eugster acted with the intent to benefit himself.", "\n¶ 84 With regard to counts two and three,[16] Eugster knowingly disclosed confidences and secrets to Roger, a third party, to the disadvantage of Mrs. Stead and with the intent to benefit Eugster. ", "The analysis here is similar to that above. ", "Eugster acted in conformity with his preexisting knowledge and coordinated with Roger to allow both of them to retain control over Mrs. Stead's estate, fees, and her person.", "\n¶ 85 With regard to counts eight and nine,[17] Eugster knowingly filed a guardianship petition that he knew had no reasonable basis with the intent to benefit himself. ", "First, it is beyond dispute Eugster knew he filed the guardianship petition. ", "Second, the evidence demonstrates Eugster knew he had no reasonable basis to file a guardianship petition alleging Mrs. Stead was incompetent. ", "At the time of filing on September 27, 2004, Eugster knew the last day he or Roger had talked to Mrs. Stead was August 4, 2004. ", "Eugster knew that in June 2004 Mrs. Stead executed documents naming Eugster as personal representative over her will, successor trustee over her trust, and having power of attorney, and he had no concerns about Mrs. Stead's competency at that time. ", "Eugster knew a psychologist determined Mrs. Stead had testamentary capacity during an examination in January 2004. ", "Transcript at 413. ", "Despite those facts, Eugster conducted no investigation to prove Mrs. Stead's incompetency by the time he filed the guardianship petition. ", "More than substantial evidence demonstrates Eugster filed the guardianship petition knowing it lacked a reasonable basis.", "\n¶ 86 Substantial evidence supports finding that Eugster knowingly filed the guardianship petition with the intent to benefit himself. ", "As already mentioned, Eugster drafted legal documents granting him power over Mrs. Stead's estate should Mrs. Stead become incompetent. ", "He knew the termination of his representation of Mrs. Stead would end his ability to retain that power over her estate. ", "Eugster would benefit through the attorney fees he requested in the petition and the control over the estate's assets by maintaining his status as having power of attorney and being the successor trustee over Mrs. Stead's estate. ", "By filing the guardianship petition, Eugster acted in conformity with his knowledge that Mrs. Stead's being found incompetent would preserve his control over her estate. ", "More than substantial *459 evidence demonstrates Eugster filed the guardianship petition with the intent to benefit himself.", "\n¶ 87 The majority's analysis suffers several glaring problems. ", "By focusing extensively on whether Eugster subjectively intended the results of his actions, the majority contradicts itself in several areas. ", "The majority appears to state Eugster knew he would benefit from his acts, but concludes Eugster did not intend to benefit himself. ", "If Eugster knew his actions would lead to his financial benefit, and he took those actions, then Eugster intended to benefit himself. ", "The majority appears to state Eugster believed Mrs. Stead was incompetent, but it also states Eugster knew he had not reasonably investigated whether Mrs. Stead was incompetent. ", "If Eugster knew he did not have enough factual information to form a reasonable belief Mrs. Stead was incompetent, then Eugster knew there was no factual basis to file a guardianship petition declaring Mrs. Stead to be incompetent. ", "The majority's analysis in this section becomes so confusing from these contradictions that, in the end, it never explains what mental state Eugster actually had. ", "Majority at 447-49.", "\n¶ 88 The hearing officer correctly concluded that, in addition to intending to benefit himself financially, Eugster had a mental state far more culpable than that of financial benefit because he substituted his judgment for that of his client for his own personal benefit. ", "It is for this reason the hearing officer repeatedly mentions Eugster substituted his judgment for that of Mrs. Stead. ", "FOFCOL at 19, 29-33. ", "The hearing officer was particularly troubled that Eugster would take actions entirely contrary to the objectives of Mrs. Stead because Eugster believed he knew better and he or Roger would benefit from those actions. ", "Id.\n¶ 89 Ironically, by concluding Eugster's primary motive was to substitute his judgment for Mrs. Stead's, the majority substitutes its judgment for the hearing officer and undermines the entire findings of the hearing officer. ", "To achieve its result, the majority removes all deference to the hearing officer, who was able to assess the credibility of the witnesses and speak with Eugster face-to-face. ", "As we have consistently and repeatedly held, the hearing officer is in the best position to make the finding of mental state. ", "Stansfield, 164 Wash.2d at 125, 187 P.3d 254 (holding that we defer to the hearing officer's finding of mental state over the Board's determination of mental state and stating, \"[w]e give great weight to a hearing officer's determination of an attorney's state of mind because it is a factual finding\"); Poole, 156 Wash.2d at 208, 125 P.3d 954; Trejo, 163 Wash.2d at 721, 185 P.3d 1160; Longacre, 155 Wash.2d at 744, 122 P.3d 710. ", "Even the majority concludes the evidence supports the hearing officer's findings. ", "Majority at 445-46. ", "We should not disturb the hearing officer's findings.", "\n¶ 90 Under the majority's analysis, to prove the charged attorney acted with intent to benefit himself or another, the WSBA must show the attorney acted in bad faith. ", "According to the majority, if an attorney can claim he or she subjectively believed the actions were for the benefit of the client, then the lawyer did not act with intention to benefit himself or another. ", "The majority puts Eugster's statements regarding his mental state above any contrary inference that could be drawn from Eugster's actions. ", "Such an approach has several problems. ", "First, the majority assumes the role as fact finder, a role this court is not qualified to play. ", "Second, the majority creates a nearly irrefutable defense. ", "All the attorney would have to do is claim he or she was acting for the benefit of the client and the defense would apply.[18]\n*460 ¶ 91 The majority finds because Eugster wrote a letter advising Mrs. Stead to act in a manner inconsistent with Eugster's financial interest, Eugster's primary motivation was not for his financial interest. ", "The majority confuses the analysis. ", "We are not trying to determine if the attorney's motivation for self-benefit was greater than any other motivation. ", "We are determining whether the attorney intended to benefit himself or another. ", "Here, Eugster's actions were consistent with his knowledge that he would benefit by them.", "\n¶ 92 Substantial evidence supports the hearing officer's and unanimous Board's conclusion Eugster knowingly violated the RPCs with the intent to benefit himself or another. ", "The majority's failure to reach this conclusion, or any explicit conclusion as to Eugster's intent to benefit himself or another, creates a situation that rewards attorneys for substituting their judgment for their clients' and undoubtedly will confuse subsequent attorney discipline proceedings.", "\n\nD. Harm\n¶ 93 The majority correctly concludes the injury and potential injury to Mrs. Stead and the integrity of the legal profession was serious and substantial. ", "Majority at 449.", "\n\nE. Presumptive Sanction\n¶ 94 To determine the presumptive sanction, we look at the duties violated, the attorney's mental state, and the extent of the injury caused. ", "The reason we look to the duties violated is to determine which standard applies. ", "ABA Standards stds. ", "4.0-8.0. ", "Upon determining the applicable standard, we look to the attorney's mental state and the extent of the injury to arrive at a presumptive sanction. ", "See Anschell II, 149 Wash.2d at 506, 69 P.3d 844; Cramer, 165 Wash.2d at 339, 198 P.3d 485; Trejo, 163 Wash.2d at 723-27, 185 P.3d 1160; Burtch, 162 Wash.2d at 897-98, 175 P.3d 1070; Kronenberg, 155 Wash.2d at 196, 117 P.3d 1134; Lopez, 153 Wash.2d at 583-88, 592-93, 106 P.3d 221. ", "After determining the presumptive sanction for each count, we then start with the harshest presumptive sanction because the ultimate presumptive sanction must be at least as severe as the sanction for the most serious offense. ", "See Anschell II, 149 Wash.2d at 502, 69 P.3d 844; In re Disciplinary Proceeding Against Marshall, 160 Wash.2d 317, 346, 157 P.3d 859 (2007).", "\n\n1. ", "Count one: violation of former RPC 1.2(a)\n¶ 95 In count one, Eugster violated a duty owed as a professional, so standard 7.0 applies. ", "ABA Standards standard 7.1 provides:\nDisbarment is generally appropriate when a lawyer knowingly engages in conduct that is a violation of a duty owed as a professional with the intent to obtain a benefit for the lawyer or another, and caused serious or potentially serious injury to a client, the public, or the legal system.", "\nEugster knowingly filed the guardianship petition against Mrs. Stead without a reasonable investigation in response to her termination of his employment. ", "He committed such acts for the purpose of benefiting himself, and they caused serious injury to Mrs. Stead in that she had to spend $13,500 to defend herself in the guardianship proceeding. ", "The hearing officer and unanimous Board correctly determined under standard 7.1 that the presumptive sanction for count one is disbarment.", "\n\n2. ", "Count two: violation of former RPC 1.6(a)\n¶ 96 In count two, Eugster violated a duty owed to his client to preserve confidences, so standard 4.2 applies. ", "ABA Standards standard 4.22 states, \"[s]uspension is generally appropriate when a lawyer knowingly reveals information relating to the representation of a client not otherwise lawfully permitted to *461 be disclosed, and this disclosure causes injury or potential injury to a client.\" ", "Eugster knowingly disclosed information regarding Mrs. Stead to Roger when they prepared and filed a guardianship petition over Mrs. Stead. ", "The disclosure resulted in a financial loss to Mrs. Stead and the loss of the relationship of her son. ", "The hearing officer and unanimous Board correctly determined under standard 4.22 the presumptive sanction for count two is suspension.", "\n\n3. ", "Count three: violation of former RPC 1.9(b)\n¶ 97 In count three, Eugster violated a duty owed to the client, so standard 4.0 applies. ", "ABA Standards standard 4.21 provides, \"[d]isbarment is generally appropriate when a lawyer, with the intent to benefit the lawyer or another, knowingly reveals information relating to representation of a client not otherwise lawfully permitted to be disclosed, and this disclosure causes injury or potential injury to a client.\" ", "Eugster knowingly revealed information he gained through his estate planning work for Mrs. Stead. ", "Eugster's disclosures were not permitted by former RPC 1.9(b). ", "The hearing officer also found Eugster acted with a selfish motive because he had a financial interest assuming control of her estate should Mrs. Stead be found incompetent. ", "Eugster's actions humiliated Mrs. Stead, permanently damaged her relationship with Roger, and caused her to spend $13,500 litigating the matter. ", "The hearing officer did not make any findings regarding the presumptive sanction for count three. ", "Disbarment is the presumptive sanction under standard 4.21.", "\n\n4. ", "Count four: violation of former RPC 1.9(a)\n¶ 98 In count four, Eugster violated a duty owed to the client to avoid conflicts of interest, so standard 4.3 applies. ", "ABA Standards standard 4.32 provides, \"[s]uspension is generally appropriate when a lawyer knows of a conflict of interest and does not fully disclose to a client the possible effect of that conflict, and causes injury or potential injury to a client.\" ", "Eugster knowingly filed a guardianship petition against his former client while claiming it was for the benefit of the client. ", "The petition caused injury to Mrs. Stead because she had to spend $13,500. ", "The hearing officer and unanimous Board correctly determined under standard 4.32 the presumptive sanction for count four is suspension.", "\n\n5. ", "Count five: violation of former RPC 1.15(d)\n¶ 99 In count five, Eugster violated a duty owed to the client to surrender files, so standard 4.1 applies. ", "ABA Standards standard 4.12 provides, \"[s]uspension is generally appropriate when a lawyer knows or should know that he is dealing improperly with client property and causes injury or potential injury to a client.\" ", "Eugster knowingly refused to turn over Mrs. Stead's files to Braff until after the conclusion of the guardianship proceeding, even after Braff repeatedly requested the files and well after Eugster had withdrawn from the guardianship proceeding. ", "The failure to turn over Mrs. Stead's files caused injury as Braff had to recreate Mrs. Stead's files and documents. ", "The hearing officer and unanimous Board correctly determined under standard 4.12 the presumptive sanction for count five is suspension.", "\n\n6. ", "Count eight: violation of former RPC 3.4(c)\n¶ 100 In count eight, Eugster violated a duty owed to the legal process, so standard 6.2 applies. ", "ABA Standards standard 6.21 provides, \"[d]isbarment is generally appropriate when a lawyer knowingly violates a court order or rule with the intent to obtain a benefit for the lawyer or another, and causes serious injury or potentially serious injury to a party or causes serious or potentially serious interference with a legal proceeding.\" ", "Eugster knowingly violated CR 11 by filing the guardianship petition without reasonably investigating into the factual merits. ", "He filed the petition with the intent to benefit himself because he would control Mrs. Stead's assets if she were found incompetent. ", "The injury to Mrs. Stead is serious as not only did she have to spend money defending herself, but Eugster's guardianship petition *462 isolated Mrs. Stead from Roger. ", "The hearing officer and unanimous Board correctly determined under standard 6.21 the presumptive sanction for count eight is disbarment.", "\n\n7. ", "Count nine: violation of former RPC 8.4(d)\n¶ 101 In count nine, Eugster violated a duty owed as a professional, so standard 7.0 applies. ", "ABA Standards standard 7.1 provides:\nDisbarment is generally appropriate when a lawyer knowingly engages in conduct that is a violation of a duty owed as a professional with the intent to obtain a benefit for the lawyer or another, and caused serious or potentially serious injury to a client, the public, or the legal system.", "\nEugster knowingly filed a guardianship petition with no independent investigation of Mrs. Stead, whom he alleged was his client in the petition. ", "Eugster filed the petition without Mrs. Stead's knowledge or consent. ", "The petition was drafted in response to Mrs. Stead's termination of Eugster's representation. ", "If the petition had been successful, Roger would have been Mrs. Stead's guardian, which was directly contrary to Mrs. Stead's objectives. ", "The guardianship would have given Eugster control over her assets and attorney fees for his work. ", "The filing resulted in serious injury to Mrs. Stead. ", "Her relationship with Roger was permanently damaged and she incurred $13,500 in costs to defend herself against a baseless guardianship petition. ", "The hearing officer and unanimous Board correctly determined under standard 7.1 the presumptive sanction for count nine is disbarment.", "\n\n8. ", "The presumptive sanction for Eugster's misconduct\n¶ 102 Having identified the individual presumptive sanctions, we next determine the presumptive sanction for all of Eugster's misconduct. ", "The sanction must be at least as severe as the sanction for Eugster's most serious violation. ", "Four of the counts have a presumptive sanction of disbarment. ", "As that is the most severe sanction we can impose, the presumptive sanction for Eugster's misconduct is disbarment.", "\n¶ 103 The majority, however, holds that the presumptive sanction is a suspension. ", "Majority at 450. ", "The majority divines its presumptive sanction by focusing on the facts that Eugster practiced law for 34 years without a disciplinary history, his misconduct is isolated to a single client and a single legal action lasting over approximately two months, and the misconduct does not fall within the type of conduct for which disbarment is usually imposed for the first offense. ", "Majority at 449-50. ", "In so doing, the majority ignores our well-established case law, contradicts itself, and is outcome determinative.", "\n¶ 104 In arriving at its presumptive sanction, the majority never mentions the duties violated, Eugster's mental state, or the injury caused. ", "While the majority's facts can be relevant to the ultimate sanction, the presumptive sanction is not and should not be based on these facts.", "\n¶ 105 The reason we follow the ABA Standards and our prior case law is to promote\n(1) consideration of all factors relevant to imposing the appropriate level of sanction in an individual case; (2) consideration of the appropriate weight of such factors in light of the stated goals of lawyer discipline; (3) consistency in the imposition of disciplinary sanctions for the same or similar offenses within and among jurisdictions.", "\nABA STANDARDS std. ", "1.3.[19] Determining the presumptive sanction by looking at the duties violated, the mental state, and the extent of injury helps serve all three of those purposes because it looks only at the misconduct and what would be a standard sanction for that type of misconduct. ", "Determining the aggravating and mitigating factors and the proportionality *463 of the sanction later on ensures the attorney not only receives a sanction tailored to the specific acts that violated the RPCs but also that the sanction accounts for the attorney's conduct as a whole. ", "By ignoring the well-established practice of using the duties violated, the mental state, and the extent of injury, the majority imposes a sanction based upon an incomplete analysis. ", "Rather than looking at the relevant factors, the majority's reasoning is outcome determinative because it cherry picks the factors it deems relevant to determine the sanction it wants.", "\n¶ 106 Under the majority's analysis, I cannot discern how hearing officers, the Board, and this court will determine the presumptive sanction in the future. ", "It appears this court will be able to pick whatever facts will justify its conclusion. ", "Subsequent hearing officers and Board recommendations will no longer matter, or at least matter very little. ", "The sanction imposed will be whatever we say it is, for whatever reason we provide. ", "That is not a standard to follow, and that is not a standard that should be followed. ", "The majority's presumptive sanction of suspension runs counter to precedent and the ABA Standards. ", "The majority's analysis will leave hearing officers, Boards, and this court in a confusing, contradictory state where, ultimately, the presumptive sanction will be determined by the whims of this court.", "\n\nF. Aggravating and mitigating factors\n¶ 107 Once we determine the presumptive sanction, we next consider any aggravating and mitigating factors. ", "Marshall, 160 Wash.2d at 342, 157 P.3d 859. ", "I agree with the majority that the hearing officer's and Board's findings of aggravating and mitigating factors should be affirmed. ", "I disagree with the majority's decision to give less weight to the aggravating factor of dishonest or selfish motive because the majority misstates the standard we apply.", "\n¶ 108 The majority reduces the weight of the factor because it believes Eugster's motive for substituting his judgment for his client's is not as important as acting for his own financial interest. ", "But, at the same time, the majority states Eugster's substituting his judgment for Mrs. Stead's shows he \"`fails to grasp the most fundamental tenant [sic] of law practice, serve your client, protect their confidences. ", "The damage to the profession [here] is bad.'\" ", "Majority at 450 (quoting FOFCOL at 32). ", "It is contradictory to reduce the weight of an aggravating factor of dishonest or selfish motive while also stating substituting a lawyer's judgment for his client's violates the fundamental tenet of law practice.", "\n¶ 109 The majority also argues the weight should be reduced because the \"evidence is more equivocal as to his motive to take control over Mrs. Stead's finances.\" ", "Majority at 450. ", "The majority misstates the standard we apply at this posture. ", "While the evidence may have been equivocal during the hearing, the hearing officer was able to assess the credibility of the witnesses and render its decision. ", "The hearing officer implicitly found Eugster not credible as to his motive and made the general finding that \"Mr. Eugster has failed to be honest and trustworthy.\" ", "FOFCOL at 33. ", "A unanimous Board agreed. ", "Yet, without stating the finding is not supported by substantial evidence, the majority reduces the weight given to the aggravating factor of dishonest or selfish motive because there was a contest of credibility. ", "To give less weight to the aggravating factor because there is a dispute of credibility amounts to this court placing itself into the role of fact finder rather than acting as an appellate court. ", "See Cramer, 165 Wash.2d at 332, 198 P.3d 485 (stating we give great deference to the hearing officer's findings of credibility); Stansfield, 164 Wash.2d at 125, 187 P.3d 254 (stating same). ", "The majority errs in reducing the weight of the aggravating factor of dishonest or selfish motive.", "\n¶ 110 Even if we were to give little or no weight to the aggravating factor of dishonest or selfish motive, there are four other aggravating factors and one mitigating factor. ", "The majority does not examine if those factors alter the ultimate sanction. ", "Even assuming the majority is correct, i.e., that the presumptive sanction is suspension and the aggravating factor of dishonest or selfish motive is given little or no weight, the weight of *464 the remaining aggravating factors leads to the sanction of disbarment.", "\n¶ 111 The remaining four aggravating factors are: (1) multiple offenses, (2) vulnerability of victim, (3) refusal to acknowledge wrongful nature of conduct, and (4) substantial experience in the practice of law.", "\n¶ 112 First, Eugster committed multiple offenses. ", "This is not an instance of one brief episode of misconduct. ", "Eugster not only filed a guardianship petition without reasonable investigation, he also failed to abide by his client's objectives, disclosed Mrs. Stead's confidences to Roger without her permission, and purposefully refused to return Mrs. Stead's files that rightfully belonged to her. ", "With regard to the failure to abide by Mrs. Stead's objectives, Eugster did not just fail to abide by one of Mrs. Stead's objectives, he failed to abide by all of her objectives. ", "He did not return her property that was in Roger's possession; he did not take steps to remove Roger's control over Mrs. Stead's assets, but instead took steps to increase Roger's control over the assets; and although not misconduct, he did not resolve the problems with the allocation of resources from Mrs. Stead's trust. ", "Eugster committed multiple offenses through multiple independent acts. ", "At numerous points, Eugster had the opportunity to avoid committing misconduct, yet he did not. ", "Given the number of opportunities and the number of offenses, a harsher sanction is warranted.", "\n¶ 113 That Eugster committed these egregious acts against a vulnerable victim also tips the scale toward imposing a harsher sanction. ", "I need to go no further than to quote the hearing officer's justification for finding the aggravating factor of a vulnerable victim:\n[Mrs.] Stead was an elderly grieving widow suffering from depression and physical health problems who had lost her husband less than six months prior to her hiring Respondent Eugster. ", "In addition, she had recently left her home of more than twenty years, and was distraught over the state of her relationship with her only child.", "\nFOFCOL at 22, ¶ 3.1. ", "This court must protect victims of attorney misconduct, particularly when the attorney is out to take advantage of a vulnerable victim. ", "As Eugster did just that, a harsher sanction is warranted.", "\n¶ 114 The hearing officer and unanimous Board found that Eugster has refused to acknowledge the wrongful nature of his conduct. ", "Eugster does not challenge those findings. ", "As Eugster has shown no remorse of the wrongful nature of his conduct, a harsher sanction should be imposed.", "\n¶ 115 Finally, Eugster has substantial experience in the practice of law. ", "He has practiced law for 34 years, and, given his experience, Eugster should have been more attentive to the ethical duties he owed to his client, the legal profession, and the legal system. ", "Because Eugster committed misconduct despite his substantial experience in the practice of law, a harsher sanction should be imposed.", "\n¶ 116 There is only one mitigating factor— no prior disciplinary history. ", "The remaining four aggravating factors outweigh the mitigating factor. ", "Each of the aggravating factors undermines the purpose of the mitigating factor, which provides leniency to an attorney for behaving appropriately until committing misconduct. ", "Even though Eugster had no prior disciplinary history, he still committed multiple acts of misconduct, took advantage of a vulnerable client, has yet to acknowledge the harmful nature of his conduct, and should have been more attentive to his ethical duties given his years of experience. ", "Weighing the aggravating and mitigating factors demonstrates Eugster deserves a harsher sanction than a suspension. ", "The majority errs by not weighing the aggravating and mitigating factors at all.", "\n\nG. Proportionality\n¶ 117 After we determine the presumptive sanction in light of the relevant aggravating and mitigating factors, we consider whether the sanction is appropriate according to the two remaining Noble factors, but only if the disciplined attorney raises the issue. ", "In re Disciplinary Proceeding Against Holcomb, 162 Wash.2d 563, 592, 173 P.3d 898 (2007). ", "We generally affirm the Board's recommendation unless the sanction lacks proportionality or the Board's decision lacked unanimity. *", "465 Burtch, 162 Wash.2d at 900, 175 P.3d 1070; see Trejo, 163 Wash.2d at 734, 185 P.3d 1160 (stating, \"we will adopt the Board's recommended sanction `unless we are able to articulate specific reasons for adopting a different sanction'\" (quoting Noble, 100 Wash.2d at 95, 667 P.2d 608)). ", "The Board agreed unanimously with the hearing officer's recommended sanction of disbarment. ", "The only remaining Noble factor at issue is the proportionality of the sanction to the misconduct.", "\n¶ 118 The attorney bears the burden to show how the Board's recommended sanction is not proportionate. ", "Marshall, 160 Wash.2d at 349, 157 P.3d 859; In re Disciplinary Proceeding Against VanDerbeek, 153 Wash.2d 64, 97, 101 P.3d 88 (2004) (stating, \"the attorney facing discipline must bring forth cases demonstrating the disproportionality of the sanction imposed\" (citing In re Disciplinary Proceeding Against Kagele, 149 Wash.2d 793, 821, 72 P.3d 1067 (2003))). ", "Eugster asks this court to consider our decisions in Burtch, Marshall, Poole, and Stansfield.", "\n¶ 119 When considering whether the recommended sanction is proportionate, we consider other cases where we affirmed or rejected the same sanction. ", "Marshall, 160 Wash.2d at 348, 157 P.3d 859. ", "For example, the disciplined attorney in Trejo failed to prove to the court that his suspension was disproportionate by comparing it to another case where the presumptive sanction was less severe than his presumptive sanction. ", "163 Wash.2d at 734, 185 P.3d 1160. ", "Like Trejo, Eugster tries to persuade the court that his presumptive sanction lacks proportionality by comparing his sanction to three cases where the presumptive sanctions were less severe than disbarment. ", "See Stansfield, 164 Wash.2d at 129, 187 P.3d 254 (finding reprimand the presumptive sanction); Marshall, 160 Wash.2d at 350, 157 P.3d 859 (finding suspension the presumptive sanction); Poole, 156 Wash.2d at 223, 125 P.3d 954 (finding reprimand the presumptive sanction). ", "None of the cited cases assist the court in determining whether disbarment is a disproportionate sanction.", "\n¶ 120 Burtch, on the other hand, involves a presumptive sanction of disbarment. ", "In Burtch, this court adopted the Board's recommendation to disbar an attorney for knowingly or intentionally \"advancing a meritless defense in district court, failing to pay restitution as ordered by the Board, failing to adequately explain the fee agreement, charging unreasonable fees, and failing to return unearned fees.\" ", "Burtch, 162 Wash.2d at 897, 175 P.3d 1070. ", "The court noted Burtch had a long history of misconduct. ", "Id. at 898, 175 P.3d 1070. ", "The court also found ten aggravating factors but no mitigating factors to augment the presumptive sanction. ", "Id. at 898-99, 175 P.3d 1070.", "\n¶ 121 Eugster violated multiple ethical duties, the presumptive sanction for which is disbarment. ", "Unlike Burtch, these RPC violations are Eugster's first disciplinary misconduct. ", "However, the recommendation from the hearing officer and Board takes into account Eugster's unblemished record as a mitigating factor. ", "Unfortunately, the existence of five aggravating factors outweighs the lone mitigating factor and should not compel the court to grant leniency. ", "Eugster has failed to demonstrate how the recommended sanction of disbarment lacks proportionality.", "\n¶ 122 The majority, in its proportionality analysis, notes Eugster's arguments regarding the cases, but with the exception of a fleeting citation to Burtch, never mentions the cases again. ", "Instead, the majority creates a new proportionality analysis and holds that the sanction of disbarment would be disproportionate because Eugster's case does not fit into four general categories the majority creates. ", "Majority at 450-51. ", "We have never so generalized attorney discipline cases where the sanction was disbarment. ", "When we have held a recommended sanction was disproportionate, we focused on the similarities between the case at issue and a particular prior case. ", "See In re Disciplinary Proceeding Against Dynan, 152 Wash.2d 601, 623-24, 98 P.3d 444 (2004); Romero, 152 Wash.2d at 133-34, 94 P.3d 939. ", "Such a focus was appropriate so we could impose a consistent and principled sanction based on the misconduct and the acts of the attorney. ", "We should follow our precedent and focus on *466 the cases cited by Eugster in examining the proportionality of Eugster's sanction.", "\n¶ 123 The majority's use of four general categories of cases where we disbarred attorneys has several glaring flaws. ", "First, the categories are too general in nature. ", "The majority posits we should impose individualized sanctions based on the facts, majority at 446-47, yet it tries to pigeonhole all disbarment cases into one of four general categories. ", "I submit the better approach is to follow the step-by-step approach of determining the presumptive sanction, assessing the aggravating and mitigating factors, giving high deference to a unanimous Board, and looking at specific cases for proportionality.[20] Such an approach ensures both an individualized sanction and a sanction that is proportionate to other similar factual scenarios.", "\n¶ 124 Next, the majority's general categories unnecessarily limit the instances when we can, and have, disbarred an attorney. ", "In Miller, we disbarred an attorney for drafting a will that named the attorney as a beneficiary, borrowing against a client's certificate of deposit, and having a doctor declare the client incapacitated without conducting any examination. ", "149 Wash.2d at 268-73, 66 P.3d 1069. ", "While the attorney's conduct was no doubt egregious, it did not technically constitute a felony, forgery, fraud, misappropriation of client funds, or an extreme lack of diligence. ", "Similarly, in Romero, we disbarred an attorney for numerous ethical violations involving fee issues, a lack of diligence, a failure to pay income taxes, and noncooperation with the WSBA. ", "152 Wash.2d at 128-32, 94 P.3d 939. ", "While the presumptive sanction for each of the violations was at most, a suspension, we held the multiple violations warranted an increase in the sanction to disbarment. ", "Id. at 135-36, 94 P.3d 939; see also In re Disciplinary Proceeding Against Huddleston, 137 Wash.2d 560, 974 P.2d 325 (1999) (holding an attorney did not commit perjury in a civil action, but holding the attorney should still be disbarred because of his misconduct). ", "The majority unnecessarily restricts our ability to conduct the inquiry and impose what could be an appropriate sanction.[21]\n¶ 125 The majority in the proportionality analysis again states it would be unusual \"to disbar a lawyer who does not have a disciplinary history for misconduct involving a single client in a single proceeding for conduct [lasting] two months.\" ", "Majority at 451. ", "First, it is incorrect to say Eugster's misconduct involved a single proceeding and only two months.[22]\n¶ 126 Eugster's misconduct did not involve only one legal proceeding, and even if it did, it is not a ground for a more lenient sanction. ", "While there was only one petition before a court, Eugster's misconduct involves more than one legal act. ", "The hearing officer, unanimous Board, and even the majority concluded *467 Eugster failed to abide by his client's objectives, disclosed client confidences to a third party, used confidences to the disadvantage of a client or former client, failed to return papers and property to which the client was entitled, and filed a guardianship petition without making a reasonable inquiry. ", "As the hearing officer, unanimous Board, and even the majority correctly concluded, there were multiple offenses. ", "His offenses involve different legal acts and omissions. ", "It was not simply one legal proceeding.[23]\n¶ 127 Eugster's misconduct lasted far longer than two months. ", "Mrs. Stead hired Eugster in August 2004, with instructions that Eugster handle estate matters and return Mrs. Stead's property in Roger's control. ", "Eugster never returned the property, which the majority agrees constitutes misconduct. ", "Thus, the misconduct began in August. ", "While Eugster withdrew his name from the guardianship petition in November, Eugster did not return Mrs. Stead's files until February 2005. ", "Eugster's misconduct spanned at least five months from August 2004 to February 2005.", "\n¶ 128 But even if Eugster's misconduct only lasted two months, it makes no sense to reduce a sanction based on the amount of time it took to commit the misconduct. ", "Serious misconduct can occur in a second. ", "To base a sanction on the amount of time it took to perpetrate the misconduct creates an arbitrary analysis that has nothing to do with the actual misconduct and the injury caused. ", "Because of the arbitrary nature, I cannot tell from the majority whether Eugster's sanction would be different if his misconduct lasted 3 months, a year, or 10 years. ", "It makes better sense to fashion a sanction based on the amount of harm the victim suffered from the attorney's misconduct.", "\n¶ 129 The cases cited by Eugster demonstrate the sanction of disbarment would be proportionate to his misconduct. ", "By ignoring our case law, creating four general categories, and misapplying its own test, the majority fails to properly analyze the proportionality of Eugster's sanction. ", "Finally, by justifying its sanction on selected facts that do not fully describe Eugster's misconduct, the majority creates an arbitrary test and disregards the ABA Standards.", "\n\nH. Sanction\n¶ 130 After determining the presumptive sanction, weighing the aggravating and mitigating factors, examining the proportionality, and reviewing the unanimous Board recommendation, it is clear the appropriate sanction is disbarment. ", "Because the majority does not reach this conclusion, I dissent.", "\nWE CONCUR: Chief Justice GERRY L. ALEXANDER, Justice BARBARA A. MADSEN, and J. ROBERT LEACH, Justice Pro Tem.", "\nNOTES\n[1] Eugster was admitted to practice law in Washington in 1970.", "\n[2] Roger is Marion Stead's child from her first marriage. ", "To avoid confusion and for the sake of consistency with the findings of fact, we refer to Roger Samuels as Roger.", "\n[3] Mrs. Stead's suspicion that the supplemental needs trust was overfunded proved to be true. ", "With the assistance of attorney Andrew Braff, Mrs. Stead was able to recover three assets improperly placed in the trust. ", "There is nothing in the record to suggest that Eugster knew anything about the funding of the trusts.", "\n[4] Trefts wrote a letter to Roger that stated \"At this time, our estimate is that one-half of her support would be approximately $2,000.00 per month. ", "As the trustee of the John Stead Trust, we are asking that you send a check to us on a monthly basis for this amount. ", "We will then use that check, along with her other funds, to pay for her needs.\" ", "Board Ex. ", "55.", "\n[5] Eugster contends that in hindsight, his concerns were justified. \"", "After Marion hired Braff and Trefts, her estate was paying thousands of dollars for management fees which where heretofore provided for free by her son, Roger. ", "The carefully crafted estate plan she and her husband John established with Hellenthal naming their granddaughter, Emilie, as beneficiary was completely supplanted by a will Marion signed two days before her death naming Roger's ex-wife and an animal shelter as beneficiaries.\" ", "Opening Br. ", "of Appellant at 30.", "\n[6] Former RPC 1.13 has since been revised into RPC 1.14 (client with diminished capacity) (Sept. 1, 2006).", "\n[7] The record reflects that Eugster prepared a durable power of attorney for healthcare, a revocable living trust, and a pour-over will that Mrs. Stead signed. ", "However, it is agreed that the distribution of John's estate was still controlled under the plan created by the wills prepared by Hellenthal.", "\n[8] The GAL provided a report from Mrs. Stead's treating physician, Dr. Patrick J. Shannon, MD, which concluded, \"I find the patient to be competent to handle her own finances.\" ", "Board Ex. ", "62. ", "The GAL also interviewed 14 people who had had recent interactions with Mrs. Stead and reported their views on Mrs. Stead's state of mind. ", "Other than Roger and Eugster, all of the individuals interviewed by the GAL reported they believed that Mrs. Stead was competent. ", "For example: Summer Stahl, who met with Mrs. Stead the day of the GAL interview, stated, \"there is no incapacity at all.\" ", "Id. at 12. ", "Dennis Sweeney, the builder and designer of the Stead's Colville home who Mrs. Stead had recently contacted to help explain the energy features of the home she was selling said, \"without question, that she is able to handle her own affairs.\" ", "Id. at 13-14. ", "Mary Wear, an administrator at the assisted living facility where Mrs. Stead lived, said that she did not believe that Mrs. Stead needed a guardian for personal decisions and had not observed any problems with Mrs. Stead's finances. ", "Id. at 14-15. ", "Marilyn Haney, a neighbor who had last seen Mrs. Stead in September, described Mrs. Stead as \"`sharp as a tack.'\" ", "Id. at 15. ", "Lynn McCain, a friend, stated \"that once in a great while, she sees confusion in Ms. [Stead].\" ", "Id. at 16. ", "However, Ms. McCain also told the GAL that Mrs. Stead was \"`witty, strong and intelligent'\" and that she had never seen Mrs. Stead as anything other than capable. ", "Id. Joyce Lingerfelt, a licensed private social worker who had been counseling Mrs. Stead since her husband passed away, said, \"`I never thought she needed a guardian.'\" ", "Id. Ora Mae Sackman, a friend who visited Mrs. Stead at least two times a week, told the GAL that Mrs. Stead had \"admitted to her that she need[ed] help with her finances, as her husband [John] had handled the finances prior to his death.\" ", "Id. at 18-19. ", "Ms. Sackman did not believe that Mrs. Stead understood the nature of investing but thought she could pay her own bills, but did not want to. ", "Ms. Sackman said she believed Mrs. Stead made good decisions and that she did not need a guardian.", "\n[9] The WSBA also alleged Eugster violated former RPC 3.4(a) (1985) (count six) and former RPC 3.3(f) (1985) (count seven). ", "These charges were dismissed prior to the hearing.", "\n[10] \"A lawyer shall abide by a client's decisions concerning the objectives of representation, subject to sections (c), (d), and (e), and shall consult with the client as to the means by which they are to be pursued. ", "A lawyer shall abide by a client's decision whether to accept an offer of settlement of a matter. ", "In a criminal case, the lawyer shall abide by the client's decision, after consultation with the lawyer, as to a plea to be entered, whether to waive jury trial and whether the client will testify.\" ", "Former RPC 1.2(a) (2002).", "\n[11] The hearing officer made the same findings regarding mitigating and aggravating factors for all counts.", "\n[12] \"A lawyer shall not reveal confidences or secrets relating to representation of a client unless the client consents after consultation, except for disclosures that are impliedly authorized in order to carry out the representation, and except as stated in sections (b) and (c).\" ", "Former RPC 1.6(a) (1990).", "\n[13] A lawyer who is representing a client in a matter\n\n. . . .", "\n(b) Shall not use information relating to representation of a client to the disadvantage of the client unless the client consents in writing after consultation.", "\nFormer RPC 1.8(b) (2000).", "\n[14] A lawyer who has formerly represented a client in a matter shall not thereafter:\n\n. . . .", "\n(b) Use confidences or secrets relating to the representation to the disadvantage of the former client, except as rule 1.6 would permit.", "\nFormer RPC 1.9(b) (1985).", "\n[15] A lawyer who has formerly represented a client in a matter shall not thereafter:\n\n(a) Represent another person in the same or a substantially related matter in which that person's interests are materially adverse to the interests of the former client unless the former client consents in writing after consultation and a full disclosure of the material facts.", "\nFormer RPC 1.9(a) (1985).", "\n[16] A lawyer shall take steps to the extent reasonably practicable to protect a client's interests, such as giving reasonable notice to the client, allowing time for employment of other counsel, surrendering papers and property to which the client is entitled and refunding any advance payment of fee that has not been earned. ", "The lawyer may retain papers relating to the client to the extent permitted by other law.", "\n\nFormer RPC 1.15(d) (1985).", "\n[17] A lawyer shall not:\n\n. . . .", "\n(c) Knowingly disobey an obligation under the rules of a tribunal except for an open refusal based on an assertion that no valid obligation exists.", "\nFormer RPC 3.4(c) (1985).", "\n[18] It is professional misconduct for a lawyer to:\n\n. . . .", "\n(d) engage in conduct that is prejudicial to the administration of justice.", "\nFormer RPC 8.4(d) (2002).", "\n[19] The WSBA alleges several procedural defects relating to Eugster's challenge. ", "However, under RAP 1.2(c) this court may waive or alter the rules of appellate procedure to serve the ends of justice. ", "The WSBA does not allege any injustice would arise from Eugster's noncompliance with the rules of appellate procedure. ", "Considering the severity of the recommended sanction, we believe the ends of justice will be better served by a review on the merits.", "\n[20] Eugster challenges the following amended findings of fact: 2.13, 2.14, 2.14.12.21, 2.24, 2.32, 2.21, 2.22, 2.26, 2.26.1, 2.35. ", "He also challenges one original finding of fact: 2.28.", "\n[21] Eugster makes numerous specific arguments challenging the findings of fact. ", "We find none of them to have any merit and that all the findings of the hearing officer are supported by substantial evidence.", "\n[22] The counts must be viewed in context. ", "For example, here the hearing officer found that \"Eugster failed to abide by the client's objectives of representation, which were to remove her son Roger from control of her affairs, re-take control of her financial affairs and reclaim property she believed Roger had kept in violation of her wishes. ", "Respondent violated RPC 1.2(a).\" ", "AFOF 3.1. ", "The hearing officer and the Board concluded that disbarment was the appropriate sanction, in part, because Eugster wanted to control the estate to earn fees. ", "If Count I described disbarable misconduct when viewed in isolation, then any lawyer who failed to recover personal property, or who in the course of estate planning made recommendations as to who should act in a fiduciary capacity for the client, would do so at risk of disbarment. ", "However, when viewed in the context of this case, the hearing officer's recommendation is not so startling.", "\n[23] For example, a lawyer who gives his bookkeeper a check to be held in trust without instructions on which account it should be deposited cannot argue that he did not know that his bookkeeper would deposit the check into his overdrawn business account; without appropriate supervision, he either knew or should have known that the bookkeeper might deposit the check in the wrong account.", "\n[24] In Stansfield we acknowledged that we had approved the application of the \"knew or should have known\" standard to a lawyer's state of mind regarding consequences (although the example we used applied to the duty violated). ", "In re Stansfield, 164 Wash.2d at 123, 187 P.3d 254. ", "But we then clarified that the \"knew or should have known\" standard is not appropriate when analyzing a lawyer's state of mind with regard to the consequences for imposing sanctions. ", "We noted that \"if we adopted the WSBA's reasoning, no misconduct would be negligent because rather than failing to heed a substantial risk, we would always assume the lawyer should have known the substantial risk.\" ", "Id. at 127, 187 P.3d 254. ", "To apply this standard in analyzing a lawyer's state of mind with respect to the consequences of the act when assessing his mental state for the imposition of sanctions would have the effect of elevating every negligent act to a knowing one.", "\n[25] For example, in Stansfield we were confronted with former RPC 1.2(f) (2002), which provided \"`[a] lawyer shall not willfully purport to act as a lawyer for any person without the authority of that person.'\" ", "In re Stansfield, 164 Wash.2d at 119, 187 P.3d 254. ", "We can conceive of circumstances in which an employer or insurer requests a lawyer to represent its employee or insured because that person has moved or is travelling and the lawyer is unable to obtain direct authority. ", "If, under such circumstances, the lawyer elects to file a notice of appearance solely to protect the employee or insured from a default until authority can be obtained, we do not believe that the ABA Standards demands, that the lawyer be suspended merely because he filed the notice of appearance knowingly. ", "When determining the appropriate sanction, a separate analysis must be done to determine the lawyer's state of mind regarding the consequences of his conduct.", "\n[26] Eugster agreed to charge $125 per hour, $25 less than his customary rate.", "\n[27] In his opening brief, Eugster did not assign error to the hearing officer's application of the aggravating factors. ", "See Opening Br. ", "of Appellant at 39-40. ", "In its answer, the WSBA noted what it perceived as a technical flaw in the hearing officer's findings and noted that the aggravating factor of dishonest or selfish motive applied to Eugster. ", "Answering Br. ", "of WSBA at 47 n. 19 (\"The Hearing Officer repeatedly found that Eugster's misconduct was motivated by financial gain in her analysis of the charges and, therefore, the aggravating factor applies.\") ", "Under RAP 10.3(c), the reply brief \"should be limited to a response to the issues in the brief to which the reply brief is directed.\" ", "We consider Eugster's argument timely and permissible given that the WSBA mentioned in its answer that the aggravating factor of dishonest or selfish motive applied to Eugster.", "\n[28] See also disciplinary actions against: Jeffrey L. Finney (offering a bribe) (May 14, 2008); Jonny Ludington-Green (first degree theft) (Jan. 17, 2007); Joel Santos Manalang (soliciting a bribe) (Aug. 15, 2007); Tyler M. Morris (accepting a bribe) (Apr. 8, 2008), available at http://pro.wsba. ", "org/PublicDisciplineSearch.asp (last visited June 5, 2009).", "\n[29] See also disciplinary actions against: Allen C. Hamley (July 9, 2008); Paul Hernandez (May 21, 2008); John P. Mele (May 21, 2008); Mark Todd McCrumb (Feb. 6, 2007); Roger D. Ost, Jr. (Dec. 7, 2007); Dale L. Raugust (July 18, 2007), available at http://pro.wsba.org/PublicDiscipline Search.asp (last visited June 5, 2009).", "\n[30] See also disciplinary actions against: Lynn M. Abreu (Nov. 20, 2007); Robert N. Dompier (May 15, 2008); John B. Jackson III (Apr. 18, 2007); George T. Ryan (Dec. 28, 2007); Tracy M. Shier (Oct. 4, 2007); Darin H. Spang (Aug. 15, 2007); Robert M. Storwick (Dec. 6, 2007); Thomas P. Sughrua (Feb. 20, 2008), available at http://pro. ", "wsba.org/PublicDisciplineSearch.asp (last visited June 5, 2009).", "\n[31] See also disciplinary actions against: Courtenay D. Babcock (Apr. 7, 2008); Stephen B. Blanchard (July 23, 2008); Mark A. Panitch (Feb. 12, 2007); Michael O. Riley (Jan. 17, 2007); E. Armstrong Williams (Mar. 14, 2007); Gregory S. Zoro (July 9, 2008), available at http://pro.wsba.org/PublicDisciplineSearch.asp (last visited June 5, 2009).", "\n[1] In a dissent, one does not ordinarily have to go through each violation of an RPC to assess what kind of duty was violated. ", "However, as the majority never discusses the type of duty violated, I will explain which standard applies for each count.", "\n[2] Former RPC 1.2(a) provides that \"[a] lawyer shall abide by a client's decisions concerning the objectives of representation, ... and shall consult with the client as to the means by which they are to be pursued.\"", "\n[3] Former RPC 1.6(a) provides, \"[a] lawyer shall not reveal confidences or secrets relating to representation of a client unless the client consents after consultation, except for disclosures that are impliedly authorized in order to carry out the representation.\"", "\n[4] Former RPC 1.8(b) provides that an attorney shall not use information relating to the representation to the disadvantage of a current client unless the client consents in writing after consultation.", "\n[5] Former RPC 1.9(b) dictates that an attorney shall not use the confidences or secrets of a former client relating to the representation to the disadvantage of the former client.", "\n[6] Former RPC 1.9(a) prevents a lawyer from representing \"another person in the same or a substantially related matter in which that person's interests are materially adverse to the interests of the former client unless the former client consents in writing after consultation and a full disclosure of the material facts.\"", "\n[7] Former RPC 1.15(d) provides that \"[a] lawyer shall take steps to the extent reasonably practicable to protect a client's interests, ... surrendering papers and property to which the client is entitled.\"", "\n[8] Former RPC 3.4(c) provides that a lawyer shall not \"[k]nowingly disobey an obligation under the rules of a tribunal except for an open refusal based on an assertion that no valid obligation exists.\"", "\n[9] Former RPC 8.4(d) prohibits an attorney from \"[e]ngage[ing] in conduct that is prejudicial to the administration of justice.\"", "\n[10] Of course, that is not to say that an attorney cannot commit serious misconduct by violating a duty owed to the general public, the legal system, or as a professional. ", "Like the ABA Standards, we should adjust our sanction analysis according to the type of duty violated.", "\n[11] Do not misunderstand me to argue that the number of separate acts of misconduct is not relevant to the ultimate sanction. ", "It is, and I will provide that analysis below. ", "I argue the majority puts the cart before the horse by looking at the number of acts without even analyzing what duties were violated.", "\n[12] Assessing the mental state for purposes of determining the presumptive sanction involves a different analysis than determining if the attorney violated an RPC. ", "Most RPCs (and all but one RPC violated here) do not require a finding of a mental state in order to have a violation. ", "Unless the RPC requires, we look to the mental state only to determine the sanction. ", "For example, except for count eight, the WSBA did not need to prove Eugster's mental state to prove a violation of the RPCs.", "\n[13] In Stansfield, the attorney was charged with a violation of former RPC 1.2(f) (2002), which provides, \"`[a] lawyer shall not willfully purport to act as a lawyer for any person without the authority of that person.'\" ", "Stansfield, 164 Wash.2d at 119, 187 P.3d 254 (emphasis added) (alteration in original). ", "To prove a violation of former RPC 1.2(f), the WSBA had to prove Stansfield had a willful mental state. ", "Since Stansfield, we still use the knew or should have known standard in our sanction analysis of a violation of an RPC that has no mental state element. ", "See Behrman, 165 Wash.2d at 418, 421, 197 P.3d 1177.", "\n[14] The majority states there are three possible mental states an attorney could have—intentional, knowing, or negligent—and implies that the sanction is segregated by those mental states. ", "Majority at 448. ", "That distinction is imprecise. ", "To prove Eugster should be disbarred, the WSBA was not required to prove Eugster acted intentionally. ", "According to the ABA Standards used to determine Eugster's presumptive sanction, except for count five, the difference between a presumptive sanction of suspension and a presumptive sanction of disbarment is whether Eugster acted knowingly or acted knowingly with the intent to benefit himself or another. ", "ABA STANDARDS stds. ", "4.0-8.0.", "\n[15] This type of intent is focused on whether the attorney acted to benefit the attorney or another. ", "It is not, as the majority hints, that the attorney has to intend all of the consequences of his or her actions.", "\n[16] Because counts two and three both go to Eugster's disclosure of client confidences and secrets to Roger, they are combined for purposes of this analysis.", "\n[17] Because counts eight and nine both go to Eugster's filing of the guardianship petition without conducting an adequate investigation, they are combined for purposes of this analysis.", "\n[18] As the majority enjoys hypothetical situations to demonstrate its logic, majority at 447 n. 23, I provide my own to demonstrate the flaws in the majority's analysis: There are two attorneys. ", "Attorney 1 knowingly withdrew money from his client's trust account, used the money to go to Tahiti and drink mai tais, and admitted to all of those facts. ", "Attorney 2 withdrew money from her client's trust account but, instead, gave the money to a charity operated by the attorney. ", "When questioned, Attorney 2 said she took the money out of the trust account and gave the money to the charity to help the reputation of the client. ", "Under the majority's analysis, Attorney 1 acted intentionally and might be disbarred while Attorney 2 did not act intentionally and will not be disbarred because Attorney 2 might have acted in subjectively good faith. ", "While there is some visceral appeal to the majority's analysis, I submit that Attorney 2 is equally, if not more, culpable than Attorney 1. ", "In addition to benefiting herself or another (the charity), Attorney 2 denied the client the ability to dictate if and how the client would improve her reputation. ", "Attorney 2 not only profited herself but also substituted her judgment for her clients. ", "I submit it is bad enough Attorney 1 took the client's money for her own benefit, but Attorney 2, in addition to taking the client's money, took away the client's autonomy to define her own reputation.", "\n[19] In the beginning of its analysis, the majority stresses the importance of flexibility and creativity in fashioning a sanction. ", "Majority at 446. ", "While the majority also notes consideration of all relevant factors and consistency in imposition of sanctions are also important, majority at 447, it does not recognize the ABA Standards was created to make sanctions more consistent. ", "ABA Standards at 1.", "\n[20] I also take issue with the majority's citation to the WSBA discipline notices posted online. ", "Majority at 451 nn. ", "28-31. ", "Those notices have no precedential value because they involve disbarments resulting from defaulted hearings or stipulations. ", "As a result, the notices are unhelpful to determining whether a sanction is proportionate.", "\n[21] The majority's categories do not recognize disbarment if \"a lawyer's course of conduct demonstrates that the lawyer does not understand the most fundamental legal doctrines or procedures, and the lawyer's conduct causes injury or potential injury to a client,\" ABA Standards std. ", "4.51; if \"a lawyer, with the intent to benefit the lawyer or another, knowingly reveals information relating to representation of a client not otherwise lawfully permitted to be disclosed, and this disclosure causes injury or potential injury to a client,\" ABA Standards std. ", "4.21; if a lawyer fails to avoid conflicts of interest or if \"a lawyer knowingly deceives a client with the intent to benefit the lawyer or another, and causes serious injury or potential serious injury to a client,\" ABA Standards stds. ", "4.31, 4.61; or if \"a lawyer knowingly violates a court order or rule with the intent to obtain a benefit for the lawyer or another, and causes serious injury or potentially serious injury to a party or causes serious or potentially serious interference with a legal proceeding,\" ABA Standards std. ", "6.21. ", "The majority's categories do not even recognize disbarment of a lawyer who repeatedly commits misconduct throughout his or her career so long as the misconduct does not include a felony, forgery, fraud, a misrepresentation to a tribunal, misappropriation of client funds, or extreme lack of diligence. ", "Majority at 450-51.", "\n[22] Also, the fact Eugster directed his misconduct to only one client is not dispositive of his sanction. ", "As the majority readily admits, Eugster committed multiple instances of misconduct against Mrs. Stead.", "\n[23] The majority's use of the terms \"single proceeding\" and \"single legal action\" is unclear. ", "Majority at 452. ", "Such terms lack standards. ", "It can include anything from an attorney's entire representation of a client or just one case the attorney tried for a client.", "\n" ]

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[ "The ex-forward does not expect the Frenchman to leave the Emirates Stadium any time soon, but feels the legendary striker or Real Madrid boss could be perfect replacements\n\nBy Rais Adnan and Yosua Eka PutraRobert Pires has tipped Thierry Henry or Carlo Ancelotti to replace Arsene Wenger at Arsenal in the future.", "The 41-year-old spent six years at the Gunners between 2000 and 2006, winning the Premier League twice and FA Cup three times, only to see the club go nine years without a trophy until the FA Cup last season.", "Pires does not think Wenger needs to call time on his spell in north London yet, but feels either the legendary striker or Real Madrid manager would be perfect candidates to replace him.", "When asked byif Wenger could leave Arsenal soon, Pires said: \"Not this time. ", "Beside that, Wenger still has a contract with Arsenal.", "\"Who is the perfect replacement? ", "Thierry Henry? ", "He understands football and Arsenal. ", "I don't know, but I like Carlo Ancelotti. ", "But that's my opinion, it doesn't mean that Arsenal need Ancelotti at this time.", "\"Wenger has long been criticised for failing to strengthen his squad, particularly in defence following the exit of Thomas Vermaelen in the summer.", "However, the club are expected to complete the signing of Villarreal centre-back Gabriel Paulista on Monday and Pires has backed his former manager's moves in the transfer window.", "He added: \"I wouldn't say Arsenal have made any mistakes in transfer market. ", "If you play for Arsenal, it means that you have some quality. ", "Among them are really great players.", "\"To me, Arsenal's best signing is Santi Cazorla. ", "Fans love Alexis Sanchez, and so do I; he's quick to adapt to the Premier League - but Cazorla is so important. ", "For the last few months, he's been our best player.", "\"When asked if fellow Frenchman Alexandre Lacazette, who has scored 21 goals in 22 Ligue 1 appearances for Lyon this season, could join Arsenal, Pires added: \"Why not? ", "His characteristic style of play will suit Arsenal.", "\"Although he doesn't have big posture, he's quick, can dribble, and has great skill. ", "He also scores many goals. ", "Perhaps he will be an Arsenal best buy in the future.\"" ]

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[ "Q:\n\nHow could I infer parameters & returned columns from a SQL query string?", "\n\nI'm building an application that allows users to input SQL query strings. ", "These query strings will contain 0 or more parameters and 1 or more returned columns. ", "Is there a standard approach to parsing SQL queries to extract these elements? ", "Ideally, this would be without running the query, or even being connected to an instance of SQL Server.", "\nA query string might look like this:\nSELECT\n Posts.", "ID,\n Posts.", "Description\nFROM Posts\nWHERE Posts.", "Date > @StartDate\n\nAnd from this, I'd like to extract a collections of column names (\"Posts.", "ID\", \"Posts.", "Description\") and a collection of parameters (\"StartDate\").", "\nThis doesn't seem like a particularly strange thing to do. ", "Indeed, Microsoft do this in their reporting products (I've seen it in BIDS).", "\nIs there a library I can use? ", "Otherwise, what's the recommended approach?", "\n\nA:\n\nI don't know of any way to get this info without connecting to a SQL Server but for SQL Server 2012 onwards there are some new System stored procedures that might help;\n\nsp_describe_undeclared_parameters\nsp_describe_first_result_set\n\nPrior to SQL Server 2012 you could execute a query using SET FMTONLY ON to get the resultset schema but you'd need to know the parameters.", "\nHope this helps,\nRhys\n\n" ]

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[ "Early life treatment with vancomycin propagates Akkermansia muciniphila and reduces diabetes incidence in the NOD mouse.", "\nIncreasing evidence suggests that environmental factors changing the normal colonisation pattern in the gut strongly influence the risk of developing autoimmune diabetes. ", "The aim of this study was to investigate, both during infancy and adulthood, whether treatment with vancomycin, a glycopeptide antibiotic specifically directed against Gram-positive bacteria, could influence immune homeostasis and the development of diabetic symptoms in the NOD mouse model for diabetes. ", "Accordingly, one group of mice received vancomycin from birth until weaning (day 28), while another group received vancomycin from 8 weeks of age until onset of diabetes. ", "Pyrosequencing of the gut microbiota and flow cytometry of intestinal immune cells was used to investigate the effect of vancomycin treatment. ", "At the end of the study, the cumulative diabetes incidence was found to be significantly lower for the neonatally treated group compared with the untreated group, whereas the insulitis score and blood glucose levels were significantly lower for the mice treated as adults compared with the other groups. ", "Mucosal inflammation was investigated by intracellular cytokine staining of the small intestinal lymphocytes, which displayed an increase in cluster of differentiation (CD)4(+) T cells producing pro-inflammatory cytokines in the neonatally treated mice. ", "Furthermore, bacteriological examination of the gut microbiota composition by pyrosequencing revealed that vancomycin depleted many major genera of Gram-positive and Gram-negative microbes while, interestingly, one single species, Akkermansia muciniphila, became dominant. ", "The early postnatal period is a critical time for microbial protection from type 1 diabetes and it is suggested that the mucolytic bacterium A. muciniphila plays a protective role in autoimmune diabetes development, particularly during infancy." ]

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[ " IN THE UNITED STATES COURT OF APPEALS\n FOR THE FIFTH CIRCUIT\n\n No. ", "99-20363\n Summary Calendar\n\nANTHONY MOORE, JR.,", "\n\n Plaintiff-Appellant,\n\n versus\n\nANTHONY BUTLER; RANDALL P. MEDLEY;\nCARL D. VEST; HORACE W. FREZIA; CRAIG BARROW,\n\n Defendants-Appellees.", "\n __________________________________________\n Appeal from the United States District Court\n for the Southern District of Texas\n USDC No. ", "H-96-CV-1552\n __________________________________________\n March 17, 2000\n\nBefore POLITZ, HIGGINBOTHAM, and WIENER, Circuit Judges.", "\nPER CURIAM:*\n Anthony Moore, Jr., Texas prisoner # 517882, contends that the district court\n\nerred in granting the defendants’ motion for summary judgment, dismissing his 42\n\nU.S.C. § 1983 complaint. ", "He alleges that he was subjected to the use of excessive\nforce by defendants Anthony Butler, Randall Medley, Carl Vest, and Craig Barrow,\n\nthat they conspired to fabricate a false disciplinary charge against him involving an\n\nalleged incident, and that defendant Horace Frezia denied him due process of law by\n\n\n *\n Pursuant to 5TH CIR. ", "R. 47.5, the court has determined that this opinion should not be\npublished and is not precedent except under the limited circumstances set forth in 5TH CIR.", "\nR. 47.5.4.", "\n\ffinding him guilty of that disciplinary charge.", "\n Moore has demonstrated the existence of a genuine issue of material fact with\n\nrespect to whether Officer Butler was acting in good faith to restore discipline or acting\n\nmaliciously without provocation at the time of the incident, and whether Officers Vest\nand Barrow should have taken reasonable measures to protect him from Butler's use of\n\nforce. ", "There are also genuine issues of material fact regarding the nature and extent of\n\nMoore’s injuries, if any, arising out of the incident.", "\n\n Moore has acquitted his burden of raising specific facts in his verified pleadings\nreflecting the existence of a genuine issue for trial with respect to his claim against\nOfficers Butler, Vest, and Barrow. ", "Accordingly, the district court erred in granting the\ndefendants’ motion for summary judgment, dismissing the claim against those officers.2\n\nThe district court did not err in dismissing Moore's claim against Officer Medley,\nbecause Moore did not allege that Medley participated in or was present during the use\n\nof force.3\n Nor did the district court err in granting summary judgment on Moore's due\nprocess claim stemming from the allegedly false disciplinary charge and hearing. ", "An\n\ninmate's allegation of factual innocence is not actionable under § 1983 if his\n\ndisciplinary proceeding was otherwise fair and adequate.4 The record reflects that\n\n\n\n 2\n Celotex Corp. V. Catrett, 477 U.S. 317 (1986); Fed. ", "R. Civ. ", "Pro. ", "56(e); Hudson v.\nMcMillian, 503 U.S. 1 (1992).", "\n 3\n Thompson v. Steele, 709 F.2d 381(5th Cir. ", "1983).", "\n 4\n Collins v. King, 743 F.2d 248 (5th Cir. ", "1984).", "\n\n 2\n\fMoore received the process due to him in connection with the disciplinary hearing.5\nMoore has asserted no facts supportive of the charge that defendants conspired to\n\nfabricate the disciplinary charge. ", "He therefore has not stated a valid constitutional\n\nclaim.6 Further, neither placement in solitary confinement for fifteen days nor loss of\nopportunity to earn good conduct time credits constitutes constitutional violations.7\n\n The dismissal of the complaint is AFFIRMED IN PART, VACATED IN PART,\n\nand the case is REMANDED for further proceedings respecting Moore’s claims\n\nagainst Butler, Barrow, and Vest.", "\n Moore’s request for appointment of appellate counsel is DENIED; his appeal\ndoes not present exceptional circumstances warranting such an appointment.8\n AFFIRMED IN PART, VACATED and REMANDED IN PART.", "\n\n\n\n\n 5\n Banuelos v. McFarland, 41 F.3d 232 (5th Cir. ", "1995).", "\n 6\n Wilson v. Budney, 976 F.2d 957 (5th Cir. ", "1992).", "\n 7\n Martin v. Scott, 156 F.3d 578 (5th Cir. ", "1998); Luken v. Scott, 71 F.3d 192 (5th Cir.", "\n1995).", "\n 8\n Ulmer v. Chancellor, 691 F.2d 209 (5th Cir. ", "1982).", "\n\n 3\n\f" ]

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[ "Q:\n\nHas the Comment system always required a minimum reputation?", "\n\nPossible Duplicate:\nLower the amount of reputation needed to comment\nRevisit “New users can't ask for clarifications except as answers” \n\nI just ran across a couple of questions relating to the need for 50 reputation points before commenting on other people's questions, such as Lower the amount of reputation needed to comment\nThe limit is to prevent low-quality comments from cluttering the site. ", "My question is, was this assumption tested? ", "Were comments originally unrestricted when they were introduced? ", "Was there any experimentation on the value of the threshold?", "\nMy own personal opinion is that the threshold does more harm than good by driving away people that would become engaged in the site, but I'd love to be proven wrong.", "\n\nOK, I concede that preventing the spambots from overrunning the site required some sort of threshold on day 1. ", "I also concede that without a way of measuring good comments vs. bad that there's no good way to test a different threshold. ", "Since nobody has put forth an observation that the limit has been any different value, I'll conclude that it has always been 50.", "\nI'll persist in my opinion that the threshold is set too high, misguided it may be.", "\n\nA:\n\nThe limit is to prevent low-quality comments from cluttering the site.", "\n\nI think the problem is more with spam, and new questions asked in comments. ", "As the only users who are notified of new comments that don't contain @-references are the authors of the posts for which the comments are written, new questions (and spam) written as comments would probably pass unobserved.", "\nThis is not what happens with answers, as new answers bump the question in the front page, where more eyes can notice if the answer is not really an answer.", "\nI would not want a question be bumped on the front page every time a new comment is added.", "\n\n" ]

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[ "orangeschmorange:\n\nteachmetothink: People now are like, “Your right to free speech doesn’t mean you can express an offensive opinion”\n\nLike what the fuck does right to free speech mean, then?", "\n\nokay, so it is true that morons in the US commonly and infuriatingly misinterpret the “right to free speech” as the right to unilaterally declare their bullshit opinions across every medium without any criticism or pressure to defend their views. ", "this has never been what “the right to free speech” means and is literally unintelligible and indefensible as an interpretation.", "\n\nhowever, i’m disappointed in xkcd for this lack of nuance because the right to free speech, though correctly interpreted as a guarantee between the people and the government, doesn’t only relate to being arrested for something you say after the fact. ", "prior restraint (censorship) is also prohibited except in certain specific cases. ", "government censors cannot decide that your book is lewd and has no value and therefore put pressure on the relevant organizations not to publish or distribute your book. ", "if you did have your show canceled due to pressure from the government, this would be a gross violation of the 1st amendment.", "\n\nmoreover, the spirit of the 1st amendment’s guarantee of the right to free speech is that unpopular views will not be suppressed by those with power. ", "any time you are appealing to channels of power to silence a viewpoint, ex: banning certain classes of speakers or not giving them permits to assemble, free speech is being suppressed. ", "naturally, private institutions have far more legal leeway to decide which views they will suppress. ", "however, what we are seeing is more and more calls for complete and unquestioning suppression from activist groups that are against certain views and have decided that those views should be prohibited across the board. ", "this type of culture, while not violating the first amendment as it generally involves private orgs, is extremely chilling to free speech, the exchange of ideas, engagement with real issues, and critical thinking.", "\n\nin an environment where free speech thrives and is not subject to prior restraint, whether from the government or from other private institutions, the sort of criticism that is crucial for evaluating certain ideas as harmful or bigoted will flourish. ", "in an environment where certain classes of speech and certain ideas are banned outright, nothing can be evaluated at all. ", "intellectual discussion is impossible, and bigoted ideas will still spread in secrecy.", "\n\nthe current strange appeal for the left of what i guess i would call “private prior restraint,” censorship, and a related bizarre mob justice that shames and bullies anyone professing unorthodox views instead of actually and rightly criticizing the ideas in question, as well as the left’s eagerness to appeal to channels of power to silence not only unorthodox views but all views of anyone who can remotely be connected to some alleged instance of unorthodoxy, is frankly disturbing in the most authoritarian and dystopian sense.", "\n\nthere is a reason that the ACLU has defended the right of the KKK to assemble. ", "anyone who does not understand the slippery slope of banning certain unpopular classes of speech without having concrete delimiting factors for what can actually be banned (i.e. direct incitement to violence, not an abstract bigoted view, see brandenburg v. ohio) risks carrying forward an agenda that culminates in totalitarianism, whether explicitly enforced by the state or by other nominally neutral entities wielding various types of power.", "\n\nexpecting an offensive opinion not to garner criticism and expecting offensive opinions not to be heard in the first place are both crucial misinterpretations of the idea behind freedom of speech. ", "of course offensive opinions will be angrily boycotted, and there will be protests and counter-protests. ", "that’s great. ", "that’s the sign of healthy intellectual life in a society. ", "banning them outright is counterproductive and dangerous, and this is what we currently seem to be gleefully forgetting as social progress finally moves forward and the shoe is on the other foot.", "\n\ni find it especially ironic that the people and groups who have most strongly benefited from the protections of the freedom of speech are so quick to take it away from others once their ideas become more broadly accepted. ", "society will not function if we silence any opinion that may be controversial.", "\n\n(via magdamada-blog)" ]

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[ "Bannon's Back At Breitbart, White House Advisers Worry They're Targets\n\nSteve Bannon is back in the saddle running Breitbart News after being forced out as President Trump's top political adviser. ", "We assess how Breitbart has covered the White House since Bannon's return.", "\n\nDAVID GREENE, HOST:\n\nPresident Trump's chief political strategist, Steve Bannon, wasted little time after he was forced out of his job last Friday. ", "The same day he was forced out, he was already chairing the editorial meetings of Breitbart News. ", "That is the right-wing digital outlet that rallied many of Trump's core supporters and the same outlet that Bannon led before joining the Trump campaign last year. ", "NPR media correspondent David Folkenflik says Bannon has been putting his stamp back on Breitbart already. ", "David joins us from our studio in New York. ", "Hey there, David.", "\n\nDAVID FOLKENFLIK, BYLINE: Hey, David.", "\n\nGREENE: So this happened really, really quickly. ", "I mean, Breitbart promised war - actually #war - with Bannon getting back there.", "\n\nFOLKENFLIK: Yeah. ", "And that was tweeted out by Joel Pollak, one of the senior editors there. ", "That war was supposed to be against the elements in the Trump administration that are not truly representative of Trump, which means the folks that Steve Bannon took issue with in there. ", "And there were a lot of them, people he felt were essentially closet Democrats, people he felt were part of the establishment that they had promised to take down.", "\n\nLet's remember, Bannon's role at Breitbart previously, before joining the Trump campaign, was as executive chairman of Breitbart. ", "And he took it from essentially a gadfly, conservative site to an enforcer, really, for the right wing of the Republican Party in certain ways. ", "And he brought that to the White House. ", "He's going to bring that back there. ", "He's going to take it - aim at anyone who he says is undermining Trump's pure form, which is sort of how Bannon views Trump should be, nationalist, not globalist and intensely sort of waging a culture war.", "\n\nGREENE: And the feeling was that since Bannon had a position in the White House that nationalist culture war movement had its place. ", "Now, that he's gone, I guess the feeling is, OK, fine. ", "You're not going to take us on the inside. ", "We're going to come at you from the outside.", "\n\nFOLKENFLIK: Yeah, and I think you've really seen that this week. ", "Think of some of the headlines - \"His McMaster's Voice: Is Trump's Afghanistan Policy That Different From Obama's?\" - ", "taking aim at H.R. McMaster, the national security adviser to the president. ", "There's a headline saying \"Egyptian Foreign Minister Snubs Jared Kushner,\" (ph) the president's son-in-law, somebody Bannon saw as an internal foe and, of course - and a chief adviser to the president on certain things.", "\n\n\"Gary Cohn Spotted Partying With Wall Street Elite\" - frequent refrain of Trump in terms of the elites and Wall Street during the campaign. ", "Gary Cohn came from Wall Street and is, in fact, the president's chief economics adviser. ", "These are among the many targets that Breitbart has gone after in just the few days since Bannon's return.", "\n\nGREENE: OK. ", "So a lot of loud headlines - but is there any way to tell whether Steve Bannon is going to have more or less influence now at Breitbart compared to when he was inside the White House?", "\n\nFOLKENFLIK: Look, I think if you're the chief political strategist for the president the United States, you're never going to have more power than that at that moment. ", "And at the same time, Breitbart News was a source of, in some ways, terror for members of the Republican Party, that it's nominally in favor of, on Capitol Hill.", "\n\nAnd now that there's a Republican administration, you know, there are going to be people inside the White House who are going to be looking over their shoulders and sometimes just in front of their noses all the time to figure out - how are these attacks from Breitbart going to affect them? ", "When are they going to strike next? ", "So you know, Breitbart has been very focused and very useful for those who would try to pull Trump to a more nationalist, more culture warrior.", "\n\nThink of the chaos of the first weeks - the travel ban, the promise of intensification of deportations, the promises of the wall, the chaos and conflict. ", "All of that represents Bannon's view not only of what he wants in policy and what he wants Washington to be like, a place of strife, because he thinks that's how you tear down the institutions that he says have been arrayed against the rest of the nation.", "\n\nGREENE: Such - a couple of interesting moments I wanted to ask you about this week - I mean, you had Breitbart criticizing President Trump on Afghanistan. ", "The president gives what was seen as kind of a policy issues speech on Afghanistan but then goes to Phoenix, Ariz., is in full campaign mode, I mean, trashing the media. ", "And Breitbart cheered that. ", "What does that tell us about the kind of pressure that Trump is under?", "\n\nFOLKENFLIK: I think it's a reflection, actually, of Trump's frustration with having to give things like the responsible-sounding Afghanistan talk, with being attacked in the press pretty much uniformly in the press and by people on Capitol Hill and other places for what he had to say after the violence at Charlottesville, the death of an antiracism protester at - seemingly, at the hands of somebody down there to support a kind of white nationalism.", "\n\nAnd I think that actually, in some ways, it reflects Bannon's urgings, that Bannon wanted always Trump to be Trump. ", "And he sees this as a pure form of Trump. ", "And he goads it and encourages it. ", "And let's not forget, one of the things we know is that when people leave the White House or leave the Trump circle, they actually still are on speed dial.", "\n\nSo I don't think Bannon has been iced from the ability to get past the supposed grown-ups and minders at the White House. ", "I think he's going to be doing it from Breitbart. ", "And I think he's going to be doing it from his cellphone as well.", "\n\nGREENE: NPR media correspondent David Folkenflik speaking from New York. ", "David, thanks.", "\n\nFOLKENFLIK: You bet.", "\n\nCopyright © 2017 NPR. ", "All rights reserved. ", "Visit our website terms of use and permissions pages at www.npr.org for further information.", "\n\nNPR transcripts are created on a rush deadline by Verb8tm, Inc., an NPR contractor, and produced using a proprietary transcription process developed with NPR. ", "This text may not be in its final form and may be updated or revised in the future. ", "Accuracy and availability may vary. ", "The authoritative record of NPR’s programming is the audio record." ]

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[ "INTRODUCTION\n============\n\nPerinatal mortality is an important indicator of the status of maternal and child health, the conditions of obstetric care and the level of economic development of a community ([@R1]). ", "It includes stillborn babies (SB) of more than 28 weeks of gestation and deaths occurring within the first week of life (early neonatal deaths) ([@R1]). ", "The perinatal mortality rate (PMR) reflects both the characteristics of reproductive health and the quality of antenatal care, delivery, and newborn care ([@R2]). ", "At the global level, an estimated 7.5 million perinatal deaths take place each year, most of which are in developing countries ([@R3], [@R4]). ", "The perinatal mortality vary between different regions for instance, it ranges from less than 10 per 1,000 in most developed countries to up to 60 per 1,000 in certain regions of Asia and Africa ([@R3], [@R4]).", "\n\nEclampsia is defined as the occurrence of fit or seizure in a patient with signs and symptoms of pre-eclampsia in the absence of underlying neurologic disease ([@R5]). ", "It is known to contribute significantly to maternal and perinatal mortality in developing countries like Nigeria ([@R6]). ", "It is, however, a rarity in developed countries. ", "For example in the United States, an incidence of 4.3/10000 was reported while 4.9/10000 was reported in England ([@R7], [@R8]). ", "This is not the case with developing nations where the incidence is much higher ([@R6]). ", "The incidences increases with deprivation and lack of maternal healthcare organization ([@R9]). ", "For instance, the incidences reported in a study conducted in Nigeria and South-Africa are 42/10000 and 36/10000 respectively ([@R10], [@R11]). ", "A ten year study in a rural hospital in Benin, Nigeria gave a case fatality rate of 15% and a perinatal mortality rate of 195 per 1000 births ([@R12]). ", "Several institutions in Nigeria have reported maternity mortality rates of 330 per 100,000 contributing 21.1% of the maternal deaths and a perinatal mortality of 16.3% ([@R13]). ", "The high rate of complications in developing countries has been attributed to lack of antenatal and intrapartum care for many of the obstetric population.", "\n\nThe pathophysiology attributed to this condition is as seen in pre-eclampsia. ", "Virtually every organ is affected in the woman. ", "Risk factors to the fetus and eventual perinatal death are intrauterine growth restrictions, low birth weight and prematurity as result of placental insufficiency and chronic hypoxia (due to the underlying pre-eclampsia rather than the eclampsia itself). ", "Other risk factors are sepsis, birth asphyxia and its sequalae, and abruptio placenta.", "\n\nThere are few published data on perinatal mortality as a result of eclampsia. ", "This study, therefore, was done to determine the perinatal outcome following eclampsia at the University of Port-Harcourt Teaching Hospital (UPTH), Port-Harcourt. ", "Vital statistics obtained from this study may serve an important source of information to guide the public health policy makers and health care providers.", "\n\nMATERIALS AND METHODS\n=====================\n\nThis prospective, cross-sectional study was conducted on 88 consecutive patients presenting with ante partum eclampsia at the University of Port Harcourt Teaching Hospital between 1^st^ January 2007 and 31^st^ December 2008.", "\n\nDiagnosis of eclampsia was based on diastolic blood pressure measurement greater than 90mmHg, proteinuria and convulsion ([@R5]).", "\n\nAll perinatal deaths including stillbirths (SBs) and early neonatal deaths (ENNDs) within 0--7 days of birth were included and pregnancies less than 24 weeks were excluded from this study.", "\n\nA protocol was developed and used to collect information about socio-demographic characteristics, mode of delivery, perinatal complications and outcome. ", "Data collected was entered into a spread sheet using SPSS 15.0 for Windows^®^ statistical software which was also used for analysis. ", "Chi square was used to test relationship between variables. ", "P value \\<0.05 was considered statistically significant.", "\n\nRESULTS\n=======\n\nThe total number of deliveries at UPTH from January, 2007 to December, 2008 was 5488, 5310 of these were live babies while 404 were perinatal deaths giving a perinatal mortality rate of 73.6 per 1000 live births.", "\n\nEighty eight women presented with eclampsia over the study period resulting in an incidence of eclampsia of 16 per 1000 deliveries (1.6%). ", "Unbooked patients who had received inadequate or no antenatal care comprised 90.9% of the women who presented at our hospital with eclampsia (Table [1](#T1){ref-type=\"table\"}).", "\n\n###### \n\nThe effect of antenatal care, maternal age, parity and Plurality on Perinatal Mortality Rate\n\n Risk factor Stillbirth Early neonatal death PMR/1000 \n ---------------------- ------------ ---------------------- ---------- ---- ----------- --------- -------\n \n Antenatal care \n   Booked 8 0 (0.0) \\<0.001 8 0 (0) \\<0.001 0.0\n   Unbooked 80 19 (23.8) 61 18 (42.9) 411.1\n Maternal age (years) \n   16 -- 19 9 2 (22.2) 7 2 (28.6) 44.4\n   20 -- 24 24 8 (33.3) 16 5 (31.3) 144.4\n   25 -- 29 29 3 (10.3) 26 5 (19.2) 88.9\n   30 -- 34 15 3 (20.0) 12 3 (25.0) 66.7\n   35 -- 39 6 1 (16.7) 5 2 (40.0) 33.3\n   ≥ 40 5 2 (40.0) 3 1 (33.3) 33.3\n   ≤34 77 16 (20.8) 0.88 61 15 (24.6) 0.61 344.4\n   ≥35 16 3 (18.8) 13 3 (23.0) 66.7\n Maternal Parity \n   0 -- 4 78 16 (20.5) 0.69 62 15 (24.2) 0.58 344.4\n   ≥ 5 10 3 (30.0) 7 3 (42.9) 66.7\n Plurality \n   Singleton 86 19 (22.1) 67 18 (26.9) 411.1\n   Multiple 4 0 (0.0) 4 0 (0.0) 0.0\n\nENND, Early neonatal death; PMR, Perinatal mortality rate.", "\n\nThe mean gestational age at presentation was 35.04 ± 4.21 weeks with a range of 24 weeks -- 43 weeks and 57.1% of them presenting preterm (Table [2](#T2){ref-type=\"table\"}).", "\n\nCaesarean delivery was the commonest mode of delivery 49 (55.7%) among the subjects with eclampsia as shown in table [2](#T2){ref-type=\"table\"}.", "\n\n###### \n\nThe effect of sex, mode of delivery, birth weight and gestational age on Perinatal Mortality Rate\n\n Risk factor Stillbirth Early neonatal death PMR/1000 \n ------------------------ ------------ ---------------------- ---------- ---- ----------- ------ -------\n \n Sex \n   Male 45 14 (31.1) 0.06 31 8 (25.8) 0.95 244.4\n   Female 45 5 (11.1) 40 10 (25.0) 166.7\n Mode of delivery \n   SVD 30 13 (43.3) 17 8 (47.1) 233.3\n   Emergency C/S 49 3 (6.1) 0.001 46 8 (17.4) 0.04 122.2\n   Breech delivery 6 1 (16.7) 5 2 (40.0) 33.3\n   Instrumental 3 2 (66.7) 1 0 (0.0) 22.2\n Birth weight (gram) \n   \\<1000 3 1 (33.3) 2 2 (100) 33.3\n   1000 -- 1499 11 1 (9.1) 10 7 (70.0) 88.9\n   1500 -- 1999 10 2 (20.0) 8 4 (50.0) 66.7\n   2000 -- 2499 17 2 (11.8) 15 1 (6.7) 33.3\n   2500 -- 2999 19 6 (31.6) 13 1 (7.7) 77.8\n   3000 -- 3499 20 5 (25.0) 15 1 (6.7) 66.7\n   3500 -- 3999 7 2 (28.6) 5 1 (20.0) 33.3\n   ≥ 4000 1 0 (0.0) 1 1 (100) 11.1\n   \\<2500 41 6 (14.6) 35 14 (40) 222.2\n   ≥2500 49 13 (27.7) 36 4 (11.8) 0.03 188.9\n Gestational Age(weeks) \n   ≤ 28 6 2 (33.3) 4 4 (100) 66.7\n   29 -- 36 26 2 (7.7) 0.15 24 7 (29.2) 0.12 100.0\n   ≥ 37 24 5 (20.8) 0.24 19 2 (10.5) 0.01 77.8\n   Uncertain 32 10 (31.3) 22 5 (22.7) 166.7\n\nENND, Early neonatal death; PMR, Perinatal mortality rate.", "\n\nThe total number of births in our series was 90, which included 86 singleton births and 2 sets of twins with a mean birth weight of 2.44 ± 8.18 Kg and a range 0.7 Kg -- 4.0 Kg.", "\n\nFifty four babies (61.4%) were admitted into the Special Care Baby Unit. ", "The indications for admission were; prematurity (n=23), low birth weight (n=10), severe birth asphyxia (n=12), neonatal jaundice (n=4) and neonatal sepsis (n=5).", "\n\nThere were 37 perinatal deaths, giving a perinatal mortality rate of 411.1 per 1000 live births of babies born to eclamptic mothers. ", "These included 19 still births (51.4%) and 18 early neonatal deaths (48.6%). ", "Birth asphyxia (33.3%), respiratory distress syndrome (22.2%) and prematurity (22.2%) were the commonest causes of neonatal deaths (Table [3](#T3){ref-type=\"table\"}).", "\n\n###### \n\nCauses of neonatal Deaths\n\n Cause No. ", "of Pts Percentage\n -------------------------------- ------------ ------------\n \n  Birth Asphyxia 6 33.3\n  Respiratory distress syndrome 4 22.2\n  Prematurity 4 22.2\n  Sepsis 3 16.7\n  Jaundice 1 5.6\n\nBabies of unbooked mothers accounted for 66.7% of the perinatal deaths. ", "This was significantly higher than the perinatal deaths among babies of booked mothers (p\\<0.001). ", "Perinatal mortality was also significantly higher among babies delivered vaginally than those delivered by caesarean section (p=0.04; OR=2.27 \\[0.95 -- 5.52\\]). ", "Low birth weight babies had a significantly higher risk of perinatal mortality than normal weight babies p=0.03; OR= 1.41 \\[0.65 -- 3.25\\])\n\nDISCUSSION\n==========\n\nEclampsia is a significant cause of maternal and perinatal morbidity and mortality, particularly in developing countries, where the incidence is still high ([@R6]). ", "It is reported to affect 0.015% to 0.05% of the pregnant women in the West, compared ([@R13]) to an incidence of 1.6% in our series. ", "This figure is lower than an Indian study which reported an incidence of 2.2% ([@R14]) but higher than reports from Africa (0.36% to 0.42%) ([@R6], [@R11]). ", "This high incidence we reported in our series is a reflection of our failure to prevent eclamptic convulsions in a substantial number of pregnant women. ", "It has been shown that physician's error, patient failures and abrupt or late onset of eclampsia have been reported to be responsible for failure to prevent eclampsia ([@R15]). ", "In this study, patient's failure contributed to the development of eclampsia as most patients were unbooked (90.9%) and had received inadequate or no antenatal care.", "\n\nThe perinatal mortality rate (PMR) has been widely used to assess the outcome of late fetal and early neonatal life and is generally regarded as an index of how well society looks after women in their reproductive years. ", "The PMR of 411 per 1000 live birth due to eclampsia in this study is quite high compared with the overall perinatal mortality rate of 73.6 per 1000 live birth. ", "This shows that eclampsia is a major contributor to perinatal mortality.", "\n\nLow birth weight (LBW) has been shown to be a key determinant of perinatal mortality ([@R6]). ", "In this study LBW babies (Birth weight \\<2.5 Kg) significantly fared worse than their full sized counterparts. ", "This agrees with most studies ([@R16]--[@R18]).", "\n\nBirth asphyxia was the commonest cause of perinatal mortality in our study, accounting for one third of the perinatal deaths. ", "This had been documented previously ([@R19]) and it has been suggested that perinatal deaths due to asphyxia, rather than crude PMR, be used as a measure of the efficacy of perinatal care ([@R19]).", "\n\nBabies delivered by Caesarean section had a better perinatal outcome than their counterparts delivered vaginally. ", "This would suggest that a more generous use of Caesarean section for delivery especially in the circumstance of a stable maternal condition and a live baby would improve perinatal survival and as such is advocated.", "\n\nFifty percent of all the perinatal death in our study were stillbirths. ", "All these stillbirths occurred among the unbooked mothers. ", "Thus, we believe that advances in antenatal care and appropriate timing of delivery in eclamptics will be effective in increasing perinatal survival rates for infants born to these mothers.", "\n\nCONCLUSION\n==========\n\nEclampsia remains a major contributor to perinatal mortality in Nigeria. ", "The major avoidable contributing factor is lack or absence of antenatal care. ", "Hence, an improvement in the antenatal care and neonatal care services will be effective in reducing the incidence of eclampsia, as well as the morbidity and mortality associated with it.", "\n" ]

{ "pile_set_name": "PubMed Central" }

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[ "How to Make Grilled Corn\n\nWe made grilled corn along with some steak on our backyard grill yesterday and it was amazing. (", "I don’t know if I can even call it a recipe because it is so easy!) ", "It was my husband who did the grilling because I got a Mother’s Day break! ", "Now we have grilled corn on the cob in the past, but this time we changed up how we grilled the corn. ", "I want to share with your some tips we’ve learned.", "\n\nUsually we grill corn on the cob while it is still inside the husk and wrapped in foil. ", "This time we didn’t do most of them that way so that you could see the corn in the pictures. ", "That said, it IS juicier if you cook it in the husk AND in aluminum foil. ", "I highly recommend it. ", "Of course, remember to butter, salt, and pepper it, too!", "\n\nCorn on the Grill\n\nUsing a Corn on the Cob Grilling Basket\n\nWe gave something new a try – a corn on the cob grilling basket. ", "It was pretty nifty watching my hubby cook with it because it made turning the corn so easy. ", "I searched on Amazon and found an affiliate link for Cameron’s corn on the cob grilling basket for you if you want to check it out.", "\n\nI’m an Iowa girl, born and bred. ", "I have long since transplanted myself in the west, but when it comes to corn on the cob, I am a bit of a self-proclaimed expert. ", "I’ve got your back when it comes to the corn. ", "Just sayin’.", "\n\nAfter our little picnic in the backyard yesterday, we shared the leftover cobs with our chickens. ", "They loved eating the leftover corn right off of the cob! ", "Aren’t they cute?", "\n\nEnjoy your grilled corn on the cob! ", "See you next time!", "\n\nDeb\n\nP.S. If you have barbecue or picnic this summer, be sure to try this grilled corn! ", "And you should try my Strawberry Fluff Dessert recipe to serve with it!", "\n\n3 Emergency Prep Tips!", "\n\nI can tell you three things that you can do THIS WEEK to have better emergency preparedness in your home!", "\n\nAs you wish! ", "Good stuff is coming to your inbox soon!", "\n\nThere was an error submitting your subscription. ", "Please try again.", "\n\nFirst Name\n\nEmail Address\n\nWe use this field to detect spam bots. ", "If you fill this in, you will be marked as a spammer.", "\n\nAfter you fill in the boxes above, click the button below to get 3 easy emergency prep tips in your inbox! ", "Plus, over time I'll share other tips about topics such as gardening, emergency preparedness, cooking, and food preservation!" ]

{ "pile_set_name": "Pile-CC" }

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[ "I[NTRODUCTION]{.smallcaps} {#sec1-1}\n==========================\n\nCysticercosis is a serious food-borne parasitic disease caused by the cysticercus larvae of *Taenia solium*. ", "Humans acquire cysticercosis by eating food or drinking water contaminated with the eggs of this tapeworm.\\[[@ref1]\\] Cysticercosis is distributed worldwide, but most cases occur in Latin America, West Africa, China, and Southeast Asia.\\[[@ref2]\\] In China, cysticercosis is an important food-borne parasitic zoonosis and poses a serious threat to human health.\\[[@ref3]\\] Cysticercosis in the central nervous system is common; in most cases, the cysticerci located in the parenchyma of the brain and cause seizures and headaches.\\[[@ref4]\\] When neurocysticercosis (NCC) cysts are present within the ventricles of the brain, it can block the outflow of cerebrospinal fluid, lead to hydrocephalus, and cause the symptoms of increased intracranial pressure.\\[[@ref5]\\]\n\nVentriculoperitoneal (VP) shunt is the common surgery to treat hydrocephalus, which is used to shunt cerebrospinal fluid from the lateral ventricles of the brain into the peritoneum.\\[[@ref6]\\] However, the repeated occurrence of peritoneal catheter blockage after two revisions for the VP shunt placement is uncommon. ", "Here, we report one rare case in which peritoneal catheter revision was performed twice in 2 years following the initial placement of a VP shunt. ", "All operations for peritoneal catheter adjustment were unsuccessful. ", "However, subsequent endoscopic ventriculocysternostomy, rather than peritoneal surgery, was performed successfully, and histopathological examination of the excised cystic samples confirmed NCC. ", "To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report describing the misdiagnosis and inappropriate treatment of hydrocephalus caused by cerebral cysticercosis in China.", "\n\nC[ASE]{.smallcaps} R[EPORT]{.smallcaps} {#sec1-2}\n=======================================\n\nA 30-year-old female was admitted to our hospital with headache and abdominal distension as well as pain, which had been present for 4 months. ", "She had a history of VP shunt placement 4 years ago and two subsequent peritoneal catheter revisions due to peritoneal shunt obstruction. ", "One operation was conducted under traditional laparotomy, and another operation was performed under laparoscopy. ", "At admission, the blood routine examination and chest radiography were normal; specific IgG antibodies against *T. solium* cysticercus in the serum and cerebrospinal fluid were also assayed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay or immunofluorescence test and were negative. ", "Neurological examination indicated memory deterioration which mainly present with amnesia for 3 months, but she had no suffering from ataxia or aconuresis. ", "In addition, she also presented symptoms of higher intracranial pressure, and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) revealed gradual increase in ventricular size \\[[Figure 1](#F1){ref-type=\"fig\"}\\]. ", "An abdominal ultrasound scan showed excessive encapsulated effusion and that the catheter was enwrapped by omentum \\[[Figure 2a](#F2){ref-type=\"fig\"} and [b](#F2){ref-type=\"fig\"}\\]. ", "At admission, brain MRI (3.0 T) scans showed hyperintensity on T1-weighted and T2-weighted images as well as rim enhancement following gadolinium injection \\[Figure [1b](#F1){ref-type=\"fig\"}-[d](#F1){ref-type=\"fig\"}\\]. ", "The volume of the cystic lesion is 6.0 cm × 6.5 cm × 4.0 cm. ", "The primary diagnosis was suspected to be an arachnoid cyst with acquired hydrocephalus in the bilateral ventricular region. ", "The patient underwent endoscopic cysternostomy \\[[Figure 2c](#F2){ref-type=\"fig\"}\\], rather than peritoneal catheter adjustment, and experienced a good recovery. ", "The ventriculostomy of the left middle frontal gyrus was adopted to resect the lesion, the cysts of lesion-containing cysticercosis scolex were removed completely, and there was no rupture of cysts or serious adhesion with surrounding structures during operation. ", "Histopathological examination of the excised cystic samples confirmed intraventricular NCC \\[[Figure 2d](#F2){ref-type=\"fig\"}\\], showing dead scolex infiltrated with neutrophils, eosinophils, and tegumental cells, as well as degenerative changes in the inner layer of the cyst wall. ", "The patient\\'s symptoms improved after 2 months of follow-up after the operation.", "\n\n{#F1}\n\n{#F2}\n\nD[ISCUSSION]{.smallcaps} {#sec1-3}\n========================\n\nVP shunt blockage is one of the most common complications of the shunt placement procedure and can include ventricular or peritoneal catheter obstruction. ", "Previous studies reported that shunt blockage involving the ventricular end and requiring revision was observed in 26.4% of cases.\\[[@ref7]\\] The rare cases of peritoneal catheter blockage after VP shunt placement have been not described in the literature, with only one report showing that spontaneous knot formation was responsible for peritoneal catheter blockage.\\[[@ref8]\\] In contrast, the recurrent occurrence of peritoneal catheter blockage caused by NCC has not been reported in the literature.", "\n\nThere are several striking lessons that can be learned from the uncommon case presented in this report. ", "First, early misdiagnosis occurred at the community hospital due to low-field MRI (0.5 T); these initial MRI results showed hydrocephalus in the bilateral ventricles but failed to detect the cystic lesion. ", "Second, two revisions of the distal shunt due to peritoneal catheter blockage were performed unsuccessfully, and significant abdominal symptoms occurred after the operation, indicating the need to explore the possible causes for catheter revision failure on the peritoneal shunt. ", "Third, a cystic lesion was highly suspected in the bilateral ventricles following 3.0 T MRI scans in our hospital; however, the primary diagnosis was still considered an arachnoid cyst, and cyst-peritoneal shunt adjustment was advocated by some members of the treatment team. ", "Fortunately, endoscopic cysternostomy, rather than peritoneal catheter adjustment, was applied in this patient, and histopathological examination of excised cyst confirmed NCC. ", "The repeated peritoneal shunt blockage was likely associated with an inflammatory reaction that generated abdominal encapsulated fluid.", "\n\nThe most common location of intraventricular NCC is the fourth ventricle.\\[[@ref9]\\] However, the present case showed NCC located in both lateral ventricles, which was mistaken for an intraventricular arachnoid cyst. ", "Therefore, arachnoid cysts should be differentiated from NCC. ", "Neuroimaging with computed tomography (CT) or MRI is the most useful diagnostic method of NCC, but the cystercosis in the ventricles and subarachnoid space may not be visible on CT scan since the cyst fluid is isodense with the cerebrospinal fluid. ", "MRI is more sensitive in the detection of intraventricular cysts, and enhanced MRI scans are helpful to evaluate the ventricular NCC; however, differentiation of NCC lesions from metastatic disease and pyogenic abscesses remains to be challenged; occasionally, the alternative examinations such as H nuclear MR spectroscopy, diffusion-weighted imaging, and MR perfusion imaging should be considered based on the previous literature.\\[[@ref10]\\] In addition, the most serious complication caused by intraventricular cerebral cysticercosis is sudden death due to acute hydrocephalus.\\[[@ref11]\\] Hence, based on our experience, the decision to operation should be made as soon as possible if the intraventricular cyst exhibits mass effect and cerebrospinal fluid obstruction.\\[[@ref12]\\] The surgical management for ventricular NCC may be used by microsurgery or endoscopy. ", "In the present patient, endoscopic cysternostomy represented an alternative effective treatment for the repeated shunt revisions for NCC with hydrocephalus; rare possible complication such as developing intraparenchymal calcifications and subsequent seizures due to remnants of cyst reached the parenchyma in the channel of the grasping forceps following endoscopic cysternostomy should be emphasized; consequently, regular neuroimaging should be performed to assess the surgical outcome in follow-up.", "\n\nIn summary, the present case highlights the need for increased awareness of NCC as a possible etiology of hydrocephalus, especially in developing countries. ", "Uncommon findings in both lateral ventricles following low-field MRI scans as well as the rarity of this infection involved in unusual location play important roles in misdiagnosis and incorrect treatment for hydrocephalus; thus, endoscopic cysternostomy, rather than multiple shunt adjustment of the peritoneal end, is recommended in the selected patient.", "\n\nDeclaration of patient consent {#sec2-1}\n------------------------------\n\nThe authors certify that they have obtained all appropriate patient consent forms. ", "In the form the patient(s) has/have given his/her/their consent for his/her/their images and other clinical information to be reported in the journal. ", "The patients understand that their names and initials will not be published and due efforts will be made to conceal their identity, but anonymity cannot be guaranteed.", "\n\nFinancial support and sponsorship {#sec2-2}\n---------------------------------\n\nNil.", "\n\nConflicts of interest {#sec2-3}\n---------------------\n\nThere are no conflicts of interest.", "\n" ]

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[ "The concept of picture-in-a-picture with modem televisions is well known. ", "Picture-in-a-picture capabilities allows viewers to monitor two channels simultaneously by using a second tuner to display a second, usually smaller, window within display. ", "Generally, the main picture is controlled by a first tuner, while the smaller picture-in-a-picture video is displayed via a second tuner. ", "For individuals desiring to monitor more than two programs simultaneously, this prior art solution has its limitations.", "\nOther modem televisions, and computers, have the ability to display a grid of images representing snapshots, or thumbnails, of multiple channels that are periodically updated. ", "While such an implementation of video processing allows one to monitor multiple channels, the images are updated infrequently and result in a choppy picture.", "\nTherefore, while additional channels can be monitored, often the information is not useful. ", "In addition, the methods utilized to switch back and forth between the thumbnail mode to a regular TV picture are often fixed and burdensome.", "\nTherefore, prior art picture-in-a-picture (PIP) solutions with television and computers, have limited users to viewing a fixed number of small choppy images, or a single PIP window. ", "Therefore, a flexible method of controlling the display of video to overcome the problems discussed herein would be advantageous." ]

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[ "Pope Francis attends the Pentecost Celebration at St. Peter’s Basilica on May 24, 2015. ", "Photo: Franco Origlia/Getty Images\n\nPope Francis, who’s been espousing pro-life positions in all senses of the term, took a moment on Sunday to inform those involved in weapons manufacturing that they’re not really Christians. “", "If you trust only men you have lost,” he told thousands of young people during a rally in the Italian city of Turin. “", "It makes me think of … people, managers, businessmen who call themselves Christian and they manufacture weapons. ", "That leads to a bit a distrust, doesn’t it?” ", "The crowd applauded and he went on to criticize those who invest in weapons industries, saying, “Duplicity is the currency of today … they say one thing and do another.”", "\n\nThis is arguably Pope Francis’s harshest condemnation of the weapons industry, but it’s not the first time he’s denounced the world’s real-life Tony Starks. ", "A year ago, he called them “merchants of death,” and last month he said they perpetuate war to make money, declaring that the devil “enters through our wallets.”", "\n\nHe also discussed the “the great tragedy of Armenia” — carefully avoiding the word genocide, which led to Turkey recalling its ambassador to the Vatican earlier this year. ", "He made up for it by criticizing the Allies for failing to stop the “tragedy” of the Holocaust. “", "The great powers had the pictures of the railway lines that brought the trains to the concentration camps like Auschwitz to kill Jews, Christians, homosexuals, everybody. ", "Why didn’t they bomb (the railway lines)?” ", "he said. ", "Pope Francis made similar remarks last year while defending Pope Pius XII’s failure to publicly condemn the Holocaust during the war." ]

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[ "[5-year results of combines (radiation and surgical) treatment of intraoral squamous cell carcinoma].", "\nResults of the combined (irradiation + surgical) treatment of 33 patients, in great majority with advanced mouth cavity flattened epithelium are reported on. ", "With 45% of the patients a 3 years survival could be obtained. ", "The mainly radical surgical interventions were carried out after big dose preoperative irradiation treatment (Co. 60)." ]

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[ "Beauty and the Beast's Amber Skye Noyes: Tori and Vincent Have a Bond That Cat Can't Share\n\nSunday\n\nNov 17, 2013 at 12:21 PM\n\nBeauty and the Beastis adding one more beast to its growing family.", "During a mission to take down one of the most high-profile beasts on Monday's episode, Vincent (Jay Ryan) discovers and rescues (or some might say kidnaps) his daughter Tori ...\n\nTV Guide\n\nBeauty and the Beast is adding one more beast to its growing family.", "\n\nDuring a mission to take down one of the most high-profile beasts on Monday's episode, Vincent (Jay Ryan) discovers and rescues (or some might say kidnaps) his daughter Tori (Amber Skye Noyes). ", "Unaware that her father is a part of a species she never knew existed, Tori is stunned and then devastated when he dies. ", "As if that wasn't enough to deal with, in the closing moments of the episode, Tori sees her eyes glow a beastly shade of green. ", "How long before she becomes a full beast? ", "And will she and Vincent bond over their shared connection? ", "We checked in with Noyes to find out.", "\n\nThat was the first time she saw signs of being a beast, right?Amber Skye Noyes: It was definitely the first time that has happened and now that she has seen and knows what it means to be a beast, she's definitely scared. ", "She doesn't quite know what to do and it's pretty clear there's really only one person she can talk to about it.", "\n\nExclusive First Look: Meet Beauty and the Beast's first female beast\n\nWill she go to Vincent right away?Noyes: We're going to see that play out in the next episode because she has a decision to make. ", "Maybe it was just a random flare. ", "She doesn't know if it'll happen again. ", "But I can say that in the next episode, you will see her fully beasted.", "\n\nHow was the process of filming a beast scene?Noyes: Jay and Sendhil [Ramamurthy] gave me some tips, but because I'm the first female beast on the show, my moves and characteristics are a bit different. ", "And she's a new beast, so what does that mean?", "\n\nTori and Cat had a nice heart-to-heart in the last episode. ", "Will they develop a friendship?Noyes: She doesn't really have anyone else and she certainly can't talk to other people about what she saw go down, so Cat is another person in the fold who knows about things and is on her side and not judging her because of her father. ", "Cat also understands Tori's predicament about being conflicted about loving somebody.", "\n\nA 24 star on Castle and the Nikita premiere! ", "Check out our roundup of November Sweeps this week\n\nHow will Tori and Vincent's relationship grow? ", "And how will that affect Cat?Noyes: Tori is going to have her own relationship and connection with Vincent and that will change the dynamic between Tori and Cat for sure. ", "It's very clear they share a distinct relationship and bond, one that Cat and Vincent could never have. ", "But Vincent is also a more established beast, so the dynamic will evolve as he continues to help Tori and guide her just like he was doing in the last episode.", "\n\nThe next episode includes a big Thanksgiving dinner. ", "What can you tease?Noyes: Well, it doesn't end well, but I guess it would be boring if it did. ", "Someone beasts out at the end of Thanksgiving dinner; something goes down for sure. ", "Also why are Tori and Gabe there? ", "I guess it's much more fun that way. ", "It was so much fun to shoot though. ", "We filmed on location at this great home and it was really fun having the whole cast there.", "\n\nWhat are you most excited for viewers to see from Tori?Noyes: I love this role because she goes on such a journey. ", "She goes from a character locked away, high in the tower who's been kept away by her father, and then she becomes a beast and it's exciting to figure out what that means for her. ", "What we haven't seen on the show is a beast from the beginning. ", "Is it good? ", "Bad? ", "How does she harness those powers? ", "Maybe Tori will like those powers. ", "So we're going to see how she really feels about her new strengths and see her character develop. ", "Her first episode she was dealing with a lot, so now we'll see her come into her own and how as a character she deals with who's she's becoming and whether she accepts that and grows into it or fights it.", "\n\nBeauty and the Beast airs on Mondays at 9/8c on The CW.", "\n\n(Full Disclosure: TVGuide.com is owned by CBS, one of The CW's parent companies.)", "\n\nView original Beauty and the Beast's Amber Skye Noyes: Tori and Vincent Have a Bond That Cat Can't Share at TVGuide.com\n\nOther Links From TVGuide.com\nSendhil RamamurthyBeauty and the BeastJay RyanAmber Skye Noyes\n\nSister Publications\n\nOriginal content available for non-commercial use under a Creative Commons license, except where noted.", "\nTimes Reporter ~ 629 Wabash Ave. ", "NW New Philadelphia, OH 44663 ~ Privacy Policy ~ Terms Of Service" ]

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[ "Thursday, August 25, 2011\n\nThe main function of a Web browser is to allow you to quickly and efficiently search the Internet for the content and information you are looking for. ", "Unless you know the exact address of the Web site you want to visit, chances are that you will have to search to find it. ", "Apple's Safari Web browser offers users a simple and reliable interface in which to browse the Internet, allowing them to spend less time searching the Internet, and more time enjoying it.", "\n\nInstructions\n\nSearch the Internet with Safari\n\nOpen up your Safari Web browser.", "\n\nClick on the Google search box in the top right-hand corner of your browser.", "\n\nType in a word or phrase that best describes what you are looking for.", "\n\nPress the 'Return' button.", "\n\nSearch through the results for links to Web pages that seem appropriate to your search.", "\n\nClick on a link in order to view the page.", "\n\nGo to the next results page (if you do not find a link that seems appropriate) by clicking on the 'Next' button at the bottom of the page.", "\n\nModify your search terms and repeat the search process until you find the type of information you are looking for.", "\n\nClick on the magnifying glass icon in the Google search box in order to view a list of your previous searches. ", "Click on any searches you wish to revisit." ]

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[ "The Rise and Fall (and Rise) of “Obvious Truths” Part 1\n\n“Obvious Truths”\n\nThis series in three parts delineates the history of the American Republican’s incredibly disciplined, relentlessly persistent, and amazingly cohesive–seemingly coordinated–nearly fifty-year campaign to gain advantage and wealth for their benefactor corporations and the “Filthy Rich,” through totally concocted untruths. ", "These falsehoods were introduced carefully, slowly, and therefore invisibly, over time, one- by-one with persistent, relentless repetition replacing reason or rational persuasion; along with a coordinated campaign whose goal was the creation of an American Mind eroded of rationality and confused and made fertile and desperately receptive to these fabrications seamlessly portrayed as truths.", "\n\nThese “obvious truths” were employed together with an exact and strategic use of misinformation precisely targeted and measured for the achievement of specific ends. ", "These were combined with their campaign to physically and financially weaken the American public through the simultaneous, and equally slow, meticulous, and perfectly coordinated introduction of policies, which though not invisible were cleverly packaged and perfectly timed to confuse the obvious step-by-step and year-by-year connections of these policies with their cumulative, increasingly successful results.", "\n\nThe intended goal was the castration of the power of all Americans except for the “filthy rich” and the Republican leadership, their lackeyed public faces. ", "Coincident with this goal what was sought were the lessening of Americans’ power to act constructively to alleviate even their clearly felt and increasing suffering; the slow but comprehensive elimination of rational thought and ability to reason in the American Mind; and the creation of an American consciousness clouded and afog in confusion and thus forgetful of its past as a point of comparison. ", "What was desired was an American personality splintered and disintegrated and desperate for something however irrational to cling to.", "\n\nAlong with such a fractured and weakened psyche, the campaign sought the dismantling of any solidarity of Americans on any large scale. ", "They reasoned this disunity of purpose would be the natural consequence of the average person’s confused state and its inability to discern obvious aspects of reality which, otherwise and in times prior to the campaign, would have been obvious organizing principles giving rise to passionate resistance.", "\n\nIn the past, passionate engagement in action to change one’s circumstances could occur because of the former unconfused clarity in witnessing big events and pervasive, blatant, and universal patterns of change and making the obvious and easy correct interpretations. ", "This clarity created conviction in one’s beliefs, rooted in first-hand observation. ", "And in the past these convictions were reinforced virtually universally by the great majority of Americans, who also witnessed the obvious same things and made the apparent and doubtless interpretations that cried out from them.", "\n\nIn contrast to the former American personality, this campaign by an American, and increasingly global, elite worked to create an apathetic, neutered American easily manipulated to the ends of wealthy overseers.", "\n\nOur Invisible “Family”\n\nDescription, Part One: This reveals the fifty-year invisible family and community that surrounded all Americans and affected every aspect of their lives, including, and intentionally, the basic components of one’s personality, and the erosion of reason, Soul, and independent thought or action.", "\n\nI explain how only because of increasingly cocky and greedy acts and extreme over-reaching “in broad daylight,” before the entire world, did this malevolent surround become visible. ", "These brutish and thievish over-reaches displayed an incredible disregard for, disrespect of, indeed, an actual literal inability of the “Filthy Rich” and their Republican puppets to SEE American People, who were the recipients of these attacks. ", "Together these reveals, displayed unintentionally however blatantly and unknowingly by the Republicans and the “Filthy Rich”… and before the entire world…disclosed to the masses of Americans some “cracks,” “stains,” or textures in the “dome” of unreality they’d existed in, which had made them blind to Reality itself, and had kept them in a near zombie-like dream reality. ", "As this awakening continued, some began remembering events, the memories of which had been “bleached” out of awareness until just then, and then with remembering they realized how they’d been trained like animals their entire lives for the uses, whatever they’d be, of the “Filthy Rich,” and been trained then to forget that.", "\n\nIt is clear that the “filthy rich” had an absolute certainty of their success because of their unmitigated power. ", "What is also evident is the absolute inability of the “Filthy Rich”…which was the shocking thing they’d carelessly let out and therefore displayed to the World…absolute inability of the Republicans and the “Filthy Rich” to actually notice, let alone view or act towards, Americans as any thing even living or having sentient ability, let alone as humans, people, or individuals.", "\n\nAnd as for the term “fellow Americans” often employed by Rich-publican politicos, if that thought even crossed your mind for a second as being anything but a device, you are not fully appreciating just how literally I mean for my words to be taken. ", "You may very well, in fact, be deeply dreaming and have missed the crack in the dream state that had shone the light in the eyes of a sufficiently large segment of the world population as to cause them to come out of trance and begin to untie their formerly invisible bonds, so that they could try looking around, which led to the realization of the reality that had been blocked from view, and the beginnings of investigations into the real truths of their existence, and to this series of expositions, which delineates the actual, formerly invisible profile of the actual actors in American’s lives, and the processes of control, and the things in their lives that were determined for them by the “Filthies,” though ordinary folks thought they had been making decisions for themselves.", "\n\nAnd the last aspects of this series delineates the real factors in your life and the outlines of the real intentions for our lives these puppet masters have had, and have even now in mind.", "\n\nThe Rise and Fall of “Obvious Truths,” Part One\nan Audio Reading by SillyMickel Adzema\n\nHere is an audio of the author’s impassioned reading of this part. ", "Though it is of the first, unedited and unpolished version, and it does not contain all the detail of its current form below, it does capture the flavor of it all. ", "I offer it here for your listening pleasure. ", "For the reading of this part, “The Rise and Fall of ‘Obvious Truths,’ Part One,” click on the link to the audio site above or click the audio player here.", "\n\n“The Rise and Fall of ‘Obvious Truths’” discusses the history of the American Republicans’ incredibly disciplined, relentlessly persistent, and amazingly cohesive, seemingly coordinated nearly fifty-year campaign to gain advantage and wealth for their benefactor corporations and the “filthy rich” through totally concocted untruths.", "\n\nThis started when I was reading over another post I had made. ", "The title was relevant, and it triggered this whole thing. ", "The title was “On Cultural Change, Consciousness, and Music.” ", "And I described it as so: “The perfect confluence of context, moment, and person makes history…Obama’s astonishing rise to the Presidency, for example. ", "But the perfect alignment of a nation’s or world’s deep mood, the moment, and a musician or artist can change the world forever. ", "For example, The Beatles.”", "\n\nAfter reading that, I imagined someone else viewing it, and I considered how chances are it would be someone younger than me–for I am old enough. ", "That is part of what this is about. ", "I am old enough to have seen some things and I remember some things that people growing up in this day and age would have no conception of. ", "Those more recently coming of age are used to a particular American setting somewhat different than the one I knew. ", "Growing up in a particular context, naturally they would think that is the way things are and how they have to be; they could not know any differently.", "\n\nI was born in 1950, so I am aware of other ways that America has been. ", "This part, and the next two–regarding “obvious truths”–are a lot about how I saw things change. ", "Specifically, I look at the changes in the way we view ourselves, our lives, and authority; I have yet to hear anyone else mention these kinds of changes.", "\n\nGetting back to that younger person reading that description, I imagined this other person seeing what I wrote about the Beatles and all that, about changing the world…changing the world! ", "In the harsh light of their cold-hearted reality and the comfortable assuredness of their beliefs, I figured they would consider me naive, if not more. ", "How could that person understand? ", "But, really, change the world we did.", "\n\nMusic’s Power to Persuade\n\nAddressing that younger person, I started writing, “If the title’s claim sounds silly or trite to you then you are operating out of a social prejudice we carry from childhood, particularly around status. ", "And you haven’t stopped to evaluate and compare.” ", "Now, I know that sounds kind of harsh, but it comes together you’ll see.", "\n\nFor one thing, leaders and politicians, even great ones, can only alter the course of events slowly and meticulously. ", "Sweeping changes cannot happen by fiat as they depend on the people’s passionate involvement, which you cannot create. ", "In the case of a dictatorship–for example, Hitler’s Germany, or Kim “Big Little Man’s” North Korea of the present–that passion might be faked, probably it would need to be faked. ", "Still, even in a free society, politicians can only use words; and no matter how stirring those words, they can reach only so deep inside. ", "It is with great difficulty that political leaders try to move the soul of a nation; most of that mood is untouchable to them.", "\n\nSergeant Pepper. ", "Meanwhile music, in particular, more potently than any other art form, has the capacity to alter consciousness. ", "I will explain that later; it is an area I have done a lot of study in. ", "It is a part of my profession.", "\n\nAnyway, music affects your feelings and so it affects your consciousness. ", "So its effects will really stay with you more than words will. ", "Music is a more powerful thing, and it has been used consciously to try to sway the spirits of humans ever since the times of shamans.", "\n\nBut music is a much more powerful thing when the perfect combination of mood, context, and music come together. ", "If you think music is not so powerful then explain why music is required at virtually any social gathering…particularly, when there is involved any attempt to persuade the feelings of the attendees. ", "Have you ever noticed that? ", "What is truly shocking is how music can even be more powerful than vast piles of money put against it. ", "I said, can be. ", "In talking about music’s power to persuade I am reminded of political rallies and such.", "\n\nThe Persuasive Power of Money…When You Happen to Be Poor\n\nOn the other side from the power of leaders’ words of inspiration, which is limited, of music’s more effective persuasions, and the potency of passion and heartfelt feeling naturally arising in people, consider the power of money. ", "Money in the hands of the “filthy rich” is used in a variety of ways and obviously has tremendous persuasive powers of its own.", "\n\nAnd here is what I am getting at: Money, as arrayed against music, passion, and social movements is especially more powerful in a situation where the people have been put in financial jeopardy because of the prosperity of the rich. ", "As an aside, I remember a time in America’s past when people were more prosperous and confident about their abilities to manage their lives. ", "I do not believe it is a coincidence that in those days money wielded by the wealthy had less power to persuade and people were less easily bought than today. ", "It was said that people then were wont to question authority more than they were likely to bow down to it. ", "I will get back to this later.", "\n\nAnyway, these are the things I was thinking about when this started.", "\n\nThe True Sounding Untruths. (", "Hell! ", "It’s Obvious the Earth is Flat!)", "\n\nThen I started thinking about that: the “filthy rich,” specifically, the power of the “filthy rich” and their money. ", "I began to consider it more deeply. ", "Remember this is called the rise and fall of “obvious truths.” ", "I was drawn to looking into those commonly accepted truisms–truth-sounding but not true; let us call them “obvious truths.” ", "Not true but sounding true: Think of how correct it must have sounded at one time to hear that the Earth is flat. ", "So, an “obvious truth” is something unthinkingly accepted as true but is not actually true when thought about or looked into. ", "I considered some of these errant habits of thinking and looked at where and why they arose and why they would take hold and have power despite having no foundation in reality.", "\n\nDoing so, I came up with this description of “obvious truths” and the context birthing them:\n\nThese untruthy truisms arise out of the American Republicans’ disciplined, relentless, persistent, cohesive fifty-year campaign to gain advantage and wealth for their benefactor corporations and the “filthy rich” through totally concocted untruths, which are introduced carefully, slowly and therefore invisibly, over time….", "\n\nJust accept my word for it for now; I will explain….", "\n\nThese untruths are introduced carefully, slowly and therefore invisibly, over time, one by one, with persistent, relentless repetition replacing reason or rational persuasion, as part of a coordinated comprehensive campaign whose goal is the creation of an American mind eroded of rationality and confused and made fertile and desperately receptive to these fabrications of the Republicans seamlessly portrayed as truths.", "\n\nPrecise and Strategic Use of “Obvious Truths” in the Creation of the American Mind\n\nI know this is sounding pretty wild. ", "But, you’ll see. ", "Hang in there and see if I can support it. ", "As I was explaining,\n\nTheir goal. ", "The Republicans’ goal, to be precisely and inexorably attained, is the creation of an American mind eroded of rationality and confused. ", "And this mind is to be shepherded by the exact and strategic use of misinformation specifically targeted and measured for the achievement of specific ends. ", "This seeding of minds is to work dialectically with their campaign to physically and financially weaken the American public with the simultaneous and equally slow and meticulous and precisely timed introduction of policies….", "\n\nI said, I can support this….", "\n\nTheir means. ", "This introduction of policies, which though not invisible are cleverly packaged, is to be perfectly timed to confuse the obvious step-by-step, year-by-year connections of these policies and their cumulative increasingly successful results.", "\n\nNow, again, bear with me….", "\n\nTheir intended results. ", "These results are the castration of the American…of Americans in general–except for the “filthy rich” and the Republican leadership which are their lackey public faces. ", "So, the intent of this long campaign, employing “obvious truths” as munitions, is the crippling of Americans’ power in particular to resist even the inexorable increase in the clearly felt suffering heaped upon them as these years went by.", "\n\nI’ll give you a hint, alright? ", "I remember living in a time that was not so economically depressed. ", "I watched it slowly get worse, and worse, and worse; and I saw people suffering more, and more, and more, ok? ", "But I did not hear people complaining more, and more, and more. ", "That’s a hint.", "\n\nTheir vision. ", "Ok, so what we have is Americans’ power monkey wrenched through policies directed at them and sustained by “obvious truths” pushed by Republicans whose purpose is to diminish people, to reduce their power, and ultimately to bring them down financially while raising the wealthies higher.", "\n\nWeaving the Matrix. ", "Getting back to the truisms themselves, remember, as I said, these totally concocted untruths are designed to be surreptitiously introduced–carefully, slowly and therefore invisibly over time–one-by-one. ", "They are to be planted through persistent relentless repetition, not by rational persuasion, and are intended to replace reason and independent thought. ", "They are meant to do their work within an invisible matrix as part of a coordinated campaign whose purpose is the construction of an American mind lacking in its ability to reason and confused. ", "Lastly, this mind is to be made fertile and desperately receptive to these fabrications seamlessly portrayed as truths through the exact and strategic use of misinformation precisely targeted and measured for the achievement of specific ends.", "\n\nAlright? ", "I said bear with me, I’ll be able to give you some examples of this…or I’ll make a fool out of myself, that’ll be your choice…\n\nThese specific objectives are also to be brought to fruition through a massively funded, all inclusive, and strategically targeted campaign to financially weaken the American public through incremental changes in national fiscal policy as well as–note this–in national culture. ", "National policy changes are to be achieved through the simultaneous and equally slow meticulous and precisely timed introduction of policy initiatives. ", "Though these national initiatives could not be invisible, they are to be cleverly packaged as well as sneakily introduced and are to be perfectly timed to confuse the obvious step-by-step, year-by-year connections of these policies and their cumulative, increasingly successful results.", "\n\nOk? ", "I’ll get into the policies, soon. ", "But I am starting with a conclusive statement, and it might seem over the top. ", "You may think it too bold, but I think I can back it up.", "\n\nAgain, those sought for results include the emasculation of the average American through sabotage of her or his powers to act in an effective way in any and all aspects of their lives. ", "To be achieved at the same time is the fortification of the power and wealth of the filthy rich puppeteers and their lackey public faces in the Republican Party.", "\n\nInstrumental in strengthening the wealthy class of insidious directors is the weakening of the remainder of the population’s abilities. ", "And in particular and ultimately the intention is to cobble the ordinary person’s power to get out from under or to alleviate for very long the inexorable increase in their clearly felt suffering as the years go by. ", "For this suffering and the helplessness about it is crucial to the directors’ success.", "\n\nBear with me…\n\nThe Creation of Confusion, The Stifling of Conviction and Thus Passion\n\nNow, the key to all this being brought about is the creation of an American consciousness clouded in fog and confusion and thus forgetful of its past as a point of comparison. ", "In this way splintered…we’re talking about the American mind…splintered, and disintegrated it is desperate for something however irrational to cling to.", "\n\nAlong with or coincident with the orchestration of the American mind was the dismantling of any solidarity of Americans on any large scale. ", "This follows, because of the confused state that the average American would normally have and its inability–the person’s inability or the American mind’s inability–to discern obvious aspects of reality and distortions of it (lies) which in times prior would have provided obvious organizing standards around which would be passionate resistance. ", "This is what could and would happen in times previous to the Republicans’ campaign.", "\n\nFor example, I went through a time where people would go into the streets and there were people who complained. ", "Recently we’ve talked about Bush…there’s a book out about how Bush actually created a dictatorship during his eight years.", "\n\nIt’s amazing to me that we all knew that, the corruption was so rampant it was like on a daily basis we were hearing things that in a former time–the Sixties, the Fifties, anytime–would have caused Bush to be tossed out on his ear. ", "This time, somehow, it’s like there was nobody in the streets. ", "People went about their lives as if ignoring what was going on … Ok, so there I’m giving you a taste, alright? ", "anyway…\n\nSo, I said that in a previous time there would have been passionate, a passionate response. ", "Now I say it’s passionate because of the former unconfused minds’ clarity in witnessing big events and pervasive, blatant universal patterns of change and making the obvious and easy correct interpretations. ", "So what I’m saying is clarity of thought creates sureness of action and sureness of one’s feelings, whereas confused minds lends itself to apathy or misguided self-destructive acts. ", "In just a bit I’ll get into how these minds get confused and I think you’ll begin to see some of those things inside of yourself because I think we’re all feeling some of it.", "\n\nAnyway, so this clarity, of seeing these things happening, created conviction in one’s belief which was rooted in first-hand observation. ", "I have in other parts shared some of my first-hand observations of events, especially those happening in my formative years. ", "The conviction of my thinking is rooted in such events.", "\n\nAt the time, I also experienced much confirmation and affirmation of my views on these events. ", "So, in general, in times previous to the one we’re in, this clarity and conviction born of first-hand observation was reinforced virtually universally by the great majority of Americans around them who also witnessed the obvious same things and made the apparent and doubtless interpretations that cried out from them.", "\n\nAn example, ok. ", "America once had a president who was much despised, though he was actually not as bad as Bush. ", "But the American people were unfettered in their feelings about this president’s actions, and their refusal to put up with his despicable acts caused Nixon to resign.", "\n\nSo, first off, we have former American minds capable of seeing obvious wrongness, injustice, illegality, untruth, deception, or worse. ", "In our example, this might be the the suffering and/or death of innocent young men or the unspeakable horror being inflicted on the bystanding innocents in the conflict they are engaged in.", "\n\nOnce with clarity seeing then about it gathering with great conviction– undoubting and unconfused conviction–and passion in large numbers and in solidarity and sameness of purpose to right these obvious wrongs, or their like.", "\n\nIt all starts with clearly identifiable rallying points in obvious view of the great masses of Americans, however.", "\n\nToo many people are unaware or forget that there was a great union movement in America, there was a great antiwar movement in the country… ok? ", "You don’t see much of that action these days. ", "So, this is what I’m getting to, there’s been a change.", "\n\nSo when these great masses of American were clearly in solidarity about things they saw were obviously wrong they effected change. ", "Think about it. ", "Go back to the Depression. ", "People knew they were poor and they put Roosevelt in power. ", "Ok? ", "They did something about it.", "\n\nAnyway, so in times past you might have this clarity of what’s wrong and of your own suffering around it. ", "You are not confused about blatant happenings in the reality around you. ", "And the people around you, they see it as well. ", "And they confirm it in you. ", "Then you’re pretty sure what the heck’s going on. ", "I mean it’s hard to deny your own reality. ", "But it’s even harder to deny it when other people see it too, and they’re experiencing the same thing.", "\n\nThe Media’s Capacity to Confirm, Or Deny\n\nJust to jump ahead a little bit though: What if the media is saying that it ain’t happening? ", "Does that said familiar? ", "At all? ", "It ain’t happening? ", "How about an economic collapse that began years before anybody publicly mentioned it. ", "I remember at the time it was being called a “goldilocks” economy. ", "Yep, not happening. ", "Right now I’m not going to say a lot about this as it will appear in a big way in Culture War Parts Eight through Part Twelve.", "\n\nSo anyway, in former times, though, people came together in solidarity and sameness of purpose to right obvious wrongs, or the like. ", "They had clearly identifiable rallying points visible to the great masses of Americans. ", "These things were talked about in the newspapers, on TV, there was no denying what was obvious.", "\n\nNow, with solidarity of purpose… and this is the important part…solidarity of purpose, with Americans united, feeling the same way, wanting change, their feelings were powerful and so significantly altered major events.", "\n\nYou even see that recently. ", "We have a Democrat, Obama, elected to the presidency of the United States. ", "But, look what it took: eight long years of Bush! ", "Wow.", "\n\nSo anyway, solidarity of purpose gives ordinary people combined strength equal or greater to that of the “filthy rich.” ", "The “filthy rich” are the would-be puppet-masters, the deciders and initiators of the events that have been witnessed so widely, including by the masses. ", "These egregious acts, happenings, or developments brought the masses together in singleness of purpose to decry the source of the wrongs. ", "Crucially, they needed to know the perpetrators of unhappy happenings; it needed to be clearly pointed out who were those responsible for the wrongs universally observed and condemned.", "\n\nThese things known, the result could be the massive gathering of intentions, a movement, perhaps a great social movement, united in purpose, against the observed wrong, seeking justice on the perpetrators and some sort of social or cultural change that might possibly or would definitely prevent future events of the same or similar sort of wrongness.", "\n\nNow, these things did happen in America, folks. ", "Not long ago in historical time but before our day in America food used to come out from corporations and got people sick or dead. ", "So Americans created a Food and Drug Administration to remedy that. ", "People created a government entity to represent them as a counterweight against the power of the corporations.", "\n\nWhy did this happen? ", "It was because people were pissed, and it was because it was obvious what was going on.", "\n\nBut when things aren’t obvious and you have massive lies being told and you have comprehensive, pervasive media exposure to those lies–those untruths in direct conflict with people’s own observations–people can get confused. ", "Confused, people’s power gets dissipated.", "\n\nSo I’ve kind of told you part of it, haven’t I? ", "I just felt I was giving you too much and without any grounding\n\nIs It Only Money That Changes Everything?", "\n\nI talked at the beginning about how politicians and leaders can only do so much and that the effects of their words are often fleeting. ", "I said that social change that’s either reinforced or carried forward, or even initiated, by something like music or something that affects your feelings, can be greater and longer lasting. ", "The powerful feelings that are stirred this way can affect people for their whole lives and even have influence for generations. ", "I mentioned that these emotional influences reach more deeply into people because feelings exist at a deeper level of the brain undergirding words, thought, or even reason.", "\n\nFinally, keep in mind that this is titled the rise and fall of “obvious truths.”", "\n\nSo I’m gonna start looking over what has transpired so far. ", "I said at the beginning there was a title, one that pointed to the power and grandeur of these social movements. ", "I wrote at the time that if the title’s claim–casting ordinary folks, along with revolutionary art, as the instigators of grand movements…the people of the Sixties and the music of bands like the Beatles, for example–sounds silly or trite to you that you are operating out of social prejudices we all carry from childhood, like most people do, particularly around status.", "\n\nAnd by that I meant we have a tendency to assume musicians can’t affect anything. ", "They more often arise from non-affluent beginnings; we have the term, starving artist, for example. ", "Their power in society is considered to be as minimal as their finances. ", "But this is not true–that is what I’m getting at. ", "For, has the power of people been created with money, solely? ", "Well, I think there’s a tendency to think that.", "\n\nSergeant Pepper’s Lonely Hearts Club Band. ", "But, not long ago, America and I went through such a change arising artistically from the masses. ", "The Beatles affected us in such a great way that we were changed forever and society’s traditional momentum in a direction benefiting its moneyed royalty was stopped and even reversed. ", "Their music and that of those like them changed the world in terms of the way we saw peace. ", "The way we saw love. ", "The way we saw drugs. ", "The way we saw tolerance of other people…the way we looked at other people.", "\n\nBut I’m not going to go too far there, because that’s all coming up too. ", "I’m just saying that we do have these preconceptions about status and money that affects what we think is more important or powerful. ", "It affects what we think of as “real” and “real world” versus what is considered silly or superfluous.", "\n\nI was talking earlier about how, these days, it seems like only people with money have power. ", "Everybody knows that and assumes it can only be that way. ", "This is so because many people today have not had the experience of seeing it being different than that.", "\n\nThere is one exception and as it happens this exception does reveal the rule. ", "For Obama’s rise to the presidency was startling, shocking even, because it was a unique phenomenon for this time. ", "It was a grand and sweeping phenomenon because people got a chance, for the first time in a long time, to see that ordinary folks getting together could effect massive change…without the power of gobs of money. ", "We can recall how his campaign was largely done over the internet and with small contributions. ", "People could feel again, some for the first time, that they had the power in their passion and numbers to throw off the shackles of the filthy rich. ", "Unbelievable.", "\n\nThe Blue Meanies. ", "But look what it took! ", "It only came about after a long time of national suffering, disgrace, war, loss of life, incompetence, cronyism, scandal, atrocity, erosion of rights, squandering of money, tragedy, and more. ", "Bush was in the presidency for a full eight years; he actually got to steal a second election.", "\n\nIt is clear that Bush’s first term was not won fairly. ", "Even putting aside the intimidation of black voters in Florida and similar unfair and illegal practices perpetrated by Republicans, we still have the fact that Bush was given the presidency by a decision of the Supreme Court. ", "Our history records how vote counting was stopped before the outcome could be determined; the Supreme Court decided on a winner, Bush; and subsequently the vote tally came out that Gore had actually won the presidency! ", "These are simply the facts, the things not in dispute.", "\n\nThe facts of Bush’s second election are less well known; in fact they are more assiduously covered up. ", "Still, in the vote tally against John Kerry it should not have even been close…but for more obscure reasons. ", "There is plenty of documented public evidence that the electronic voting machines were fixed, making the outcome fraudulent. ", "The machines were owned by Diebold Corporation, a firm solidly in the Republican camp, the head of which promised the Republicans, before the election, that he was going to get Bush elected. ", "I mean, seriously. ", "Isn’t that pretty much an admission that the voting machines were going to be fixed? ", "And in fact this what they discovered to have taken place.", "\n\nNow, is this not the kind of thing that in the past would have brought people out into the streets?", "\n\nAnyway, it was confirmed, to some extent even prior to the election, that even a person walking by with an iPhone or something similar could hack into these electronic voting machines and change the votes. ", "That is, if they had the correct access information. ", "And the only ones who had that and therefore could decide the vote tally were the Diebold Corporation in league with the Republicans. ", "Is it any wonder Bush won?", "\n\nSo the two things of relevance in this example are that in previous times this would have brought people out into the streets, would have caused people to rise up in outrage against authority when it was found out.", "\n\nWhich brings out the second relevant point: The public’s power could be stirred only by these facts coming out and becoming widely known. ", "This information did come out; entire popular books were written describing how and that it was done. ", "It came out in the broadcast media as well. ", "It is unlikely that you know that, however. ", "That can only be because it wasn’t told enough in the media, that it was downplayed in the media, covered up, or the media directed your attention away from it. ", "And that is the problem I’m getting at.", "\n\nCreating An American Lifestyle That Isn’t\n\nBut you see there’s another thing that happened. ", "Even with a responsible media you have to have a citizenry that is open to this kind of information and able and willing to process it and draw conclusions from it. ", "That is what I will be addressing now.", "\n\nThinking About There Not Being Enough Time to Think\n\nGoing back, I was saying we all have these prejudices regarding what is deemed powerful and important. ", "We all have stuff from childhood that makes us shrink before authority, cower before money, status, and power. ", "We all have irrational ideas magnifying the power of our oppressors, telling us to obey, to not question, to go along with that which others would have of us but which is not in our own interest and in fact brings suffering into our lives. ", "And on top of all that, these early imprints and social teachings would have us rationalize our subjugation and deny our felt experience ever fending off inner and outer information, clues threatening to our precious conscious untruths and instilled self-sabotaging beliefs and notions.", "\n\nBut you know sometimes you have a chance to kick back and not be caught up in the struggle to survive. ", "You have a chance to reflect on your circumstances, your prejudices, and to re-evaluate matters. ", "You have leisure time in which to do more than survive, to actually re-create, re-new yourself, and to grow in wisdom so you are not so blinkered by the blinders of the comfortable ignorance of grade-school propaganda and other early conditionings, prejudices. ", "So society benefits both through your productivity but also through the fact that you have leisure time to become a wiser social actor. ", "You have this leisure time….", "\n\nOr, do you?", "\n\nWell, not too long ago we had more leisure time, let’s put it that way. ", "We had more leisure time; we had more time to pause and reflect. ", "So some things might occur to us that were different than what we originally thought…than our preconceived notions; we might actually change our mind about things if we thought about them. ", "I am not saying that was what everybody did all the time or anything like that. ", "I am saying it could happen, and it happened more. ", "So I’m saying that a lot has changed.", "\n\nWell, you don’t think we have less leisure time? ", "If you are much younger than me, you probably don’t know. ", "But I am old enough to know that I have never seen Americans so busy…so busy and so preoccupied.", "\n\nClimbing Down the Ladder of Your Todo List\n\nBacking up, so imagine you or somebody like you is saying, “Ah, naw naw naw, naw, y’know, musicians, ordinary folks, they can’t do anything; they’re not politicians, they’re not powerful, they’re not rich!” ", "Ok? ", "But this person or you may not have had occasion to actually pause your life…to step back from the twenty-four hour climbing down the ladder of your todo list to success. ", "Y’know?", "\n\nHow long is your todo list by the way? ", "Busy, busy all the time is now required for survival concerns. ", "There was a time in which you might be really motivated…you’d see people that were really striving …trying hard to be a big success or something like that. ", "But it wasn’t required.", "\n\nForms Fill Up Free Time…”Fax It Over, I’ll Look At It.”", "\n\nThere is also the increased paper load, the mountains of red tape, which is also filling up the supposed “free time” of the average American. ", "Man! ", "What the hell is with that!?", "\n\nNow they can blame it on computers; they can say it’s because we have more information and they can store larger amounts of it electronically, and they can put more… aw, c’mon, it’s people deciding that you have to fill things out and that you have to get and give more and more and more and more information, this is a lot of time!", "\n\nDid you ever buy a house? ", "You sign that Sisyphian hill of documents? ", "I can only just imagine the day when there was just a deed, signed over. ", "I’m not that old.", "\n\nSo, with exorbitantly more paperwork, there’s less time for thought, less time to think. ", "We’re busy, and we’re nervous. ", "Why? ", "We got a lot of red tape, we got a lot of things to do. ", "We’re under stress…\n\nTaxes to Twist You With\n\nAnd part of that paperwork…probably the worst part, if you’re like me, is due to the complex and contradictory tax codes. ", "Part of the leisure time lost disappears into the black hole around tax forms. ", "Seriously, I am old enough to have seen taxes get more contradictory and complex over the years. ", "In fact the tax codes are rather convoluted abominations twisting themselves to benefit corporate special interest, with little or no rationale even presented to explain why these special interests should be benefited. ", "And this sort of corporate special interest input into tax codes has just exploded over the years.", "\n\nIn the previous times, such things as a benefit to any special interest were usually presented to the legislature, and the public, in a particular way to justify them. ", "You can just imagine like, in some kind of bargaining session in Congress, they would say, “Well, if we provide a break here, that’ll result in benefits over in this sector…” Or they might say, “…and it benefits our economy as a whole, which will…” and they might add a few elements into the equation before the inevitable, “it’ll benefit the average American or be a boon to our society as a whole.” ", "And the reaction, we imagine, would be like, “Aw, yeah, yeah…ok.” ", "Then it’s good; it’s approved.", "\n\nBut over time, even this linking to the common good was not necessary, so the tax codes got exceedingly more convoluted and hopelessly contradictory, essentially lacking any reason. ", "We all know that. ", "It’s a dead document, so to speak, which would never, ever, ever be able to be brought back to rational health, so riddled with myriad kinds of cancers which are special interest convolutions of its elements so that it would be impossible to excise them all.", "\n\nYou have probably all heard the story. ", "You call up the tax adviser, you have a question about how to fill something out…how to do something. ", "And you’ll ask one person and they’ll tell you one thing; and then you call back and you get a different person and they’ll tell you something entirely different; then if you call again, somebody else will tell you something again … all different. ", "Well, this is crazy-making.", "\n\nCrazy-Making Social Processes Aid Manipulation\n\nAnd that crazy-making takes up your time; and it makes you worry more…and, well, it works itself into your time to ponder things, especially important things.", "\n\nSo, the tax code is hopelessly brain dead, and everyone knows it. ", "Any former link to fairness, reasonableness, or coherency has been severed; it has become a coffin into which anything can be thrown and in which any corporate wish can be granted. ", "So the country has now turned completely into the hands of the corporations, ok? ", "And with corporations firmly backing Republicans, the Democrats in every election that I can recall, especially in the presidential elections, always were way underfunded and the GOP overfunded because the Rich-publicans were carrying the wishes of those corporations into the board rooms of Congress along with their huge amounts of money.", "\n\nBut these payoffs were small investments to corporations, relative to the benefits they would get in the changes in government policy which affected them. ", "Republicans were…It was obvious…it was all on public record…were getting huge amounts of money going into their campaign coffers and were way overfunded. ", "One hell of a lot of money was put toward putting and keeping Republicans in office. ", "It was not even a fair fight.", "\n\nSo with no hope then…and this is what I saw happen…Democrats, who were still wanting to work for a better America and therefore better government, were forced into a choice of either continuing to rely only on contributions from the American people–as for example unions, keeping them woefully underfunded, and therefore losing…or to accept what was being offered them also by corporations.", "\n\nYour Mind Made Fertile For the Planting of Lies\n\nSo you began to have some Democrats making compromises with their principles and accepting some corporate money. ", "Though even then it remained true that for the most part Democrats are funded by unions and organizations dealing with issues, like education, health care, seniors, jobs, and so on that affect the average American. ", "Now, this is where I get to one of those Big Lies, one of those concocted untruths that end up everyone just knowing to be true.", "\n\nTo make this point, I need to back up to that thing related to convoluted tax codes and corporations. ", "I was saying that eventually it was getting to where a huge increase in that problem could be attributed to corporations not even having to justify that the paybacks they wanted were good for America anymore. ", "How did this happen?", "\n\nWell, we have the situation mentioned where eventually Democrats were virtually required to accept corporate money or else they had no chance to win election. ", "Naturally then, they had to produce at least a little for their benefactor corporations as well. ", "It is crucial to keep in mind the fact that Democrats were not getting near as much money from corporations as Republicans, by and large, and they remained largely staying afloat through contributions from unions and from organizations of masses of people pushing issues of overall social benefit. ", "So Democrats were backed for the most part by actual people not corporations; still they had to produce something for the overlords.", "\n\nAlright, so it happened that Democrats would seek to strengthen their overall hand to accomplish beneficial things for society by tossing occasional bones of tax concessions to their corporate backers. ", "They would go to their gop counterparts and would want something in the tax code, for example. ", "And the Republicans would say, “Well you want that? ", "Well, I’ll give you that, you give me this.” ", "So it could not help but happen that taxes and public policy got more and more convoluted in conforming to these complications and outright contradictions. ", "We saw this increasingly over the second half of the Twentieth Century.", "\n\nObvious “Truth” – Both Parties Funded by Special Interests\n\nBut Republicans were always seen as the ones who were representing various corporations and what were called the special interests–defense, big agriculture, big oil, the Chamber of Commerce, insurance companies, and so on. ", "But then this is what also happened: This huge lie was created, becoming a big part of the Matrix, the Matrix of confusion that was being put out to cover up truth. ", "This lie was impossible to make out, blocked out by an omnipresent media saying all the same thing, in rather like this monotone voice almost like Pravda in the old days of the Soviet Union. ", "I saw this happen too. ", "You no longer had differences of opinion you just had the same thing being said.", "\n\nAnyway, this Big Lie, firmly woven into the fabric of the Matrix as to be both invisible and therefore unchallengeable even by rational arguments…this lie, and I’m sure you’ve heard it is that: Well, both parties are funded by special interests! ", "Now, of course, you know you’ve got Big Oil and Big Coal, and you’ve got the Pharmaceuticals and the Defense Industry and they’re funding the Republicans, and they would come back and say, “Special interests?! ", "Well you Democrats have them too. ", "What about your unions? ", "You’re being funded by them!”", "\n\nWell let’s just take the unions for starters, ok? ", "Seriously, the unions as special interests? ", "The unions?", "\n\nOk, let me step back. ", "We got corporations, which are a few people getting rich and it’s not even benefiting people. ", "They’re not even including the people who work at the corporations, because they’re union people, maybe, or else they’re non-union people but they’re certainly not making any money off of what the corporations are getting in laws and benefits from their paid-for Republican representatives.", "\n\nObvious “Truth” – Unions Are a “Special” Interest\n\nSo, what is a special interest, now? ", "Ok, so, is the American public a special interest? ", "Wait, I thought the government was supposed to be for the people. ", "Now if the people are workers, primarily; and at one time there was a lot of them that were union workers, ok? ", "But even if they’re not union workers, aren’t the unions aiming for benefits for their membership that also carries over to the non-union workers? ", "If the unions are able to get medical benefits, for example, which is one big thing that they pushed for, well then it became common for all workers to get medical benefits.", "\n\nOk…that’s a special interest? ", "I thought special interest was something that was against the interests of the American people and it was only going to benefit a certain small segment, a certain handful of people. ", "That’s why it’s called special, isn’t it? ", "But there’s the Republicans saying, “Oh, they’re unions, workers benefits are for unions.” ", "And I just wonder if the unions are just a handful of people, who the hell is making all the stuff in America, who’s building the buildings, who’s…? ", "Geez! ", "I think you got the point.", "\n\nFor, I’m sure you’ve all heard it, and I’m sure you’ve all accepted it that “unions are special interests.” ", "But I just don’t get it how…well maybe I don’t have a high paying job, or anything like that. ", "But I work…doesn’t everybody?..I’m a working person and unions aren’t against me. ", "I just wish there were more unions, so that whenever I would have a job or something like that I could have one to represent me against the powerful corporate owners. ", "So here, quite clearly, we have one of those obvious “truths” put out to cover up and confuse clear thinking: Unions are a special interest.", "\n\nObvious “Truth” – Education Is a “Special” Interest\n\nBut what else is a “special interest” for Democrats? ", "Oh, it’s the teacher’s union or stuff like that, or, education. ", "Oh, great! ", "So, what is that again? ", "So education is for who now? ", "Ok, now that’s a special interest. ", "Mmmm hm. ", "That’s a special interest? ", "Does that mean that there are like only a few people that have kids that need education?", "\n\nI’m starting to get sick here. ", "I don’t quite get it. ", "I mean I’ m getting confused, you know what I mean. ", "This is what I’m talking about, this is that irrationality: Special interest, education? ", "Aw, c’mon, c’mon, I want to say. ", "I mean, c’mon, aw, c’mon, somebody, somebody point out that education is not a special interest. ", "It’s… Jesus! ", "We won’t have an America in the future unless we have kids! ", "Not to mention how can it be a special interest if were we to give more money to education, we would have better educated people growing up…these people would even benefit the corporations by being better corporate employees. ", "They would, in fact, benefit all of society by making better decisions. ", "I kind of think we have an idea of what a big difference intelligence makes… what a big difference it is when you have intelligent people running things and when you don’t.", "\n\nFor didn’t we have a kind of a little contrast there; didn’t we have a kind of a little experiment in that recently? ", "I believe it had to do with C-student Bush…if you remember some things like Katrina and things like that…or maybe what hits you is something about a huge costly war that…well, it was gotten into on false grounds, illegally, we were lied to…but the whole matter and even the conduct of it, wasn’t it all rather…stupid what happened?", "\n\nSuch things that happened under Bush are incompetencies that never happened before. ", "Never! ", "Not even under Republicans. ", "We got Bush here, taking more time off from the presidency than any president in history…it was kind of like he thought he won the lottery or something. ", "Didn’t even bother to look like he had a job to do. ", "Wasn’t his first press conference something like ten months after he was sworn in? ", "Now, contrast that with Harvard Law Review editor Obama. ", "How many press conferences did he have after taking office? ", "How frequently have you seen him on the job? ", "He’s handling some of the biggest problems this country has every had. ", "And people are impressed that he can do it. ", "And there’s so much of it. ", "So, isn’t intelligence kind of a good thing for us all?", "\n\nAnyway. ", "You get the point. ", "Education a special interest? ", "Seriously now.", "\n\nObvious “Truth” – The Sick and the Elderly Are “Special” Interests\n\nHow about medical care? ", "Health and life are not for the common good. ", "God, no, we don’t need medical care, that’s a special interest, that’s just for them people who get sick…and I’m starting to get sick here, I mean, y’know, for people who get sick? ", "C’mon!", "\n\nAnd, it’s like, “Oh, no, no, it’s not just for those people who get sick, it’s those people who have to pay medical bills.” ", "Oh, I see, then that must be just for…. ", "Who’s gotta pay medical bills, again? ", "Well none of us have to pay medical bills, it’s all free, right? ", "Nooo, it’s not.", "\n\nAnd is it really necessary to point out that seniors and the retired are not a special interest? ", "I suppose if you’re thinking the current group is the last humans ever to reach an advanced age it would limit their numbers some. ", "So unless we all suddenly stop getting older, help to the elderly and the retired is help to us all; it is not special. ", "Am I not right?", "\n\nObvious “Truth” – Democrats and Republicans Are Equal\n\nSo, where do you hear anybody pointing this out? ", "I don’t know but if you’re hearing the same media and TV coverage that I am, you’re hearing that they’re equal. ", "The Democrats and Republicans are equal because they’re equally funded by special interests, and the special interests…. ", "What are these special interests again? ", "Well, sometimes it’s like, “What are those special interests?” “", "Well, it’s the union, and the education, and it’s the medical care.” ", "Oh, geez, just listen sometimes.", "\n\nObvious “Truth” – Corporations fund the elections of both Republicans and Democrats. ", "And by the way, I said this was the rise and fall. ", "The idea that both parties are funded by huge corporations, what they call large donor contributors, was blatantly revealed as the lie it is during the 2008 presidential election. ", "Remember, contrasted with Republican McCain’s funding from those real special interests–that related to Big Business and Defense…what Eisenhower termed the military-industrial complex…Democrat Obama ran a campaign in 2008 where the donations were voluntarily capped at an unusually low level. ", "The upper limit was set at $1,000, which meant that his backing would have to come from numerous small contributors not special interests benefiting only a group. ", "And, amazingly, he received a record amount of money to support him. ", "It was said he had all kinds of money more than McCain, even though McCain was backed by corporations.", "\n\nNow, how did that happen? ", "Well it could only have happened because the masses of Americans wanted to give, even if it was $5, $10, or whatever…whatever they had. ", "It required that donations come from a huge number more of people than contributed to McCain. ", "I gave. ", "My wife gave…several times. ", "Didn’t you give, too?", "\n\nFor a change, in recent memory, this demonstrated that strength I was talking about before–that strength that’s of so many people feeling the same way, therefore acting in solidarity with each other. ", "Surprisingly this happened despite their not being in face-to-face contact with each other, in general. ", "This was one of the interesting things about this development: that it was largely accomplished just through the power of the internet. ", "So the internet kind of brought folks together in solidarity of purpose the same way maybe a rally or demonstration in the past would have brought people together.", "\n\nIt was significant that most of this happened from the actions of people sitting alone in front of computers, not buoyed up by the effusiveness of a demonstration. ", "It showed an unexpected power of social media.", "\n\nRemember, in demonstrations in the past…and I’ve been to them…you would go and you would share your feelings of outrage and hurt, you would be affirmed in the importance of your concerns and be instilled with hope of a change in them, most of all you would have your sense of what was going on expressed out loud. ", "Previous to that, you may have been reading the newspapers, say, and feeling, this is wrong, this is an outrage. ", "This would have motivated you to attend a demonstration, and there you would have found other people who were feeling the same things. ", "So you would be confirmed in your beliefs that it was wrong.", "\n\nNow, social media and the internet provided a similar thing where you could express your concern and rage and find others who felt the same way you did and so confirmed your beliefs, and even expanded on them with more information. ", "So you could grow in your understanding of events and in your knowledge of what you could do about them.", "\n\nThis function of developing your insight and your effectiveness was provided by the rallies and demonstrations in the pre-electronic eras. ", "The point is that over the election of Obama people connected again; and it was people not loads of military-industrial money that got him elected.", "\n\nWell, that’s one thing that Bush gave back to America. ", "He united us. ", "He united us around at least one obvious rallying standard. ", "He made our minds finally clear that…it’s true he’s an idiot! ", "It’s true Republicans can’t handle government. ", "It’s true that they will claim to be fiscally responsible and yet…what happened? ", "Well the largest economic collapse in American history second to the Depression…and it was the largest collapse in the economy of the world. (", "So, thank you, George W. Bush!… ", "See Footnote 1 as well.)", "\n\nObvious “Truth” – Republicans/ Conservatives Are Fiscally Responsible\n\nSo this financial “meltdown” is coming from the people who are supposed to know so much about economics. ", "But at the same time, like McCain said, “I don’t know too much about economics.” ", "He don’t know too much about economics! ", "Who does McCain think he is, the Herman’s f-ing Hermits!? ", "Anyway, McCain kind of spilled the beans there. ", "Some of the actual truth came it: About conservatives and fiscal matters…Republicans “don’t know too much” about it.", "\n\nComing Up – Watch Black be Made White, White Be Made Black! ", "Oh, Those Rascally Magical Republicans!", "\n\nOK, that’s it for Part One of “The Rise and Fall of ‘Obvious Truths.'” ", "Part Two is available here too, and in Part Two I go more into how they were able to get American people–including the media and the pundits and everybody–to accept this obvious unreality which is that both parties are funded by “special interests”; and you probably believe that yourself.", "\n\nBut I think if you hear what I have to say, I think I’ll convince you of how amazing it was that they were able to pull that off. ", "I think it will shock you to see how they could get so many people thinking irrationally about something that is so obviously not true. ", "And there’ll be other things like that too.", "\n\nThere’s a pattern I’ll be talking about where…it’s like black is made white, white made black, where things are turned around. ", "For example Republicans might have a proposal to help with the health care problem, for as they say and we all know the costs of health care are high and people are not getting covered. ", "But their proposals end up accomplishing the exact opposite of what they say they will. ", "And they know they will do that even when they propose them.", "\n\nIt is a matter of record that these sorts of swindles have been proposed and pushed by Republicans fully knowledgeable of what they were accomplishing. ", "These things happened; we see they continue to happen. ", "Taking health care again: Obviously we were left a very, very bad health care problem by Republicans. ", "The point is that right from the beginning–you can go back to Nixon on this–they knew what they were doing, they knew how it would turn out, and there’s proof of this. ", "We have their very words..\n\nA glimpse ahead. ", "The last thing to be disclosed in this series: the Why. ", "The actual events that led these people to decide on this path toward us all, and moved them to increase and add and elaborate those initial moves to the levels of the most comprehensive totalitarian controls over a people ever attempted, let alone succeeding, as far as we know right now.", "\n\n1. ", "You might want to step back and enjoy the humor in this as I did. ", "This is my little, oh, “thank you note” to George W. Bush. ", "It is a satirical piece. ", "A supposed admirer-fan-chum of George W. Bush encourages thank-yous for Bush’s “accomplishments,” which, described glowingly by the fan, sound quite the opposite to the listener. ", "The fan has the most admiration for the great caper Bush “pulled off” at the end. ", "This comedic monologue combines the actual facts of recent history with a simple, unspun speculation of them, coming from the mouth of a fawning admirer who, for that reason, is allowed to elaborate on the shady dealings. ", "So Bush, it is intimated, basks in the glory of having his ideas for illegal dealings praised as clever and awesome, or even cute. ", "This is political satire that will have you laughing from the total incongruity and irony of the monologue, but it will also leave you more informed and thinking. ", "This is provocative, funny stuff.", "\n\n[From February 2, 2010] Yesterday the airwaves were abuzz re: the CEO of Goldman Sachs taking $100 million in bonuses and thumbing his nose at Obama in doing so. ", "Other reports this week are confirming the sleight-of-hand and shadiness surrounding the TARP bailout of the banks: Specifically, that TARP money handed out by Paulson was not recorded, let alone accounted for or monitored; and therefore it cannot be traced or even determined whether it went to benefit American corporations, let alone Americans, and not foreign corporations or even private interests or parties.", "\n\nWith these recent developments coming to light, along with the tea-baggers and Republicans continued blaming of Obama for everything from being born, daring to take the oath of office with unpresidential skin pigmentation, to daring to reverse the direction of the country from the cliff that Bush had so clearly left us heading for, it seems it’s time to revisit those days of yore, those nostalgic last glimmerings of a time when we had a government solidly on the side of the people, that is, helping them in keeping them comfortably distracted from the sight of the truckloads of loot being removed from the Treasury to the coffers of the filthy rich and the huge, oftentimes, foreign or international corporations. ", "Let us return, then, to December, 2009, and President Bush’s last couple months in office, and recalling those halcyon days, render our gratitude anew:\n\nAnd the text of the “Oh, Thank You..” audio and video:\n\nC’MON EVERYONE, JOIN IN NOW!: “", "Why, Thank you, George Bush!”", "\nA Big “Thank You” to George W. Bush, with Admiration for “The Great Bush-Paulson-‘Filthy Rich’ Caper”\n…………….This is my little, let us say, oh, “thank you note” to George Bush for all his “hard work.”", "\nAlso, in appreciation of the “Paulsie Scam,” which we will be dealing with forever….", "\nluckily it’s been arranged that won’t be too long.", "\n…………….", "\n“Thanks George W. Bush for all your efforts and “hard work” which have led,\nyour decisions and your Administration solely to blame –\nthank you for being “THE DECIDER!” ", "by the way —\nto leave us in the midst of so many dire and rapidly expanding problems, so that many people are not just wondering if they will have a job or money, but that even if this planet will make it through another fifty years.", "\nSo, hey, thanks for all the hard work and for relieving us and all our grandchildren of any money, and….", "\noh, I see, there probably won’t be any planet for the little dears to live on.", "\nAnd everyone dead and all….", "\nWhy, gosh, Mr. W., you’re so smart, you probably knew that!", "\nSo that’s why you and your cronies went so far as to commit grand larceny even at the end, scraping out the last of any money in the Treasury — wasn’t much left for Obama to do with anyway, after your eight years of partying on high with your Halliburton and your god-only-knows faceless “filthy rich,” gang.", "\nMust’ve felt like the ol’ times, eh, except for the cocaine. . . ", "Er, I mean, I didn’t mean to presume, I mean, you can have cocaine, who am I…\nOh! ", "What a relief, glad to hear you did not partake like the others. ", "It’s just that….", "\nI mean George, friend, my Man here, c’mon there were some pretty weird dancing and stuff and things — right at the end there — that had me wondering and worrying… Oh, I get it, no cocaine, but wink, wink, you’ve got your ways you say? ", "Hmmm? ", "Finding things better than cocaine and getting away with it?", "\nWell, he he, I’m not about to judge. ", "I mean if we can have Rush Limbaugh asking for drug users to be hung up by their finger nails, even as he’s got a constant drip for a codeine fix, and he gets away scot free, why shouldn’t you have your fun? ", "You always said it was haaaard work.", "\nBut I gotta get back to that stunt with the Treasury at the very end. ", "I mean many, many a lesser, “criminal,” shall we say, mind would never go back again and again, let alone in broad daylight and in front of the entire world! ", "Gad!", "\n\nWas this all your idea to totally take everything while you could? ", "Somebody else’s?", "\nAnyway, it was brilliant. ", "First, you enlist the support of that guy Paulson. ", "Er, now that I know more about him, being worth $700 million, like and, getting bonuses of $37 million in 2005 and then 16.4 million the next year before he came into office with you…..\nWhy, could it actually be that he was the one that talked you into it!!! ", "Naaaaaaw?", "\nCertainly, he’d have to be characterized as one of them “filthy rich” that you helped to create, making people wonder who’s really calling the shots in Washington. …", "\nBut, never mind, even if it was his good idea — and now I understand he’s had plenty of experience — being involved with the folks who did Watergate and all…way back in his early days… with Ehrlichman and all — so that — no doubt he’s got lots of good ideas, ya gotta give him that.", "\nBut, hell, don’t want to take any shine off your apples. ", "No, it was you who chose him. ", "And despite his background, managed to get him on your side and portrayed as one of the most well-respected men on Wall Street, at the time… I remember that well…. ", "I’d never know about his background, and I was most respect…everybody said it was a big…a good pick for you? ‘", "Course that was the old Wall Street; ‘cuz we now know those bonuses and stuff aren’t too popular right now.", "\nAnyhow, brilliant move, you put this man of yours on task for the high-pressured auto trading that you knew would be required to pull off such a heist.", "\nSo you had your guy Paulson, former head of Goldman Sachs…coming to take this position of Secretary of Treasury for you. ", "And now we find out that none of that money went where it was intended to go and it did not change the situation but rather exacerbated it! ", "Brilliant! ", "More on that later, but…\nmore on that later, but, Jesus! ", "I gotta say though…pretty incredible!!? ", "I mean, Paulson himself, gets like, uh, what was it…50 some billion to a German bank? ", "That then owes…Goldman Sachs 16 billion, and so he makes off with 16 billion on top, is that like…\nWhat a crackup this guy is being! ", "I mean he had everyone fooled, and, in fact, there is nothing at all being said about his involvement or his possible effects on what happened, even to this day.", "\nThat’s smoothness even you and I could learn from , y’know, Mr. W and……..stay away from him, man…. ", "He’s just tooo smart for all of us, ok, I think he’ll have……. ", "He, he, I think he’s already had his hands in all of our pockets, he, he, I figure… (I’m sorry bout that)… But anyway…\nNaw, c’mon, let’s, let’s…we wanta go over your accomplishments tonight, Mr. President, I mean…. ", "I mean..the whole thing…y’know, going to Congress, there…. ", "Getting them to tally up that un-be-leiv-able sev-en hun-dred bill-ion dollars! …", "like almost a trillion dollars…. ", "I mean they could not get that high, I mean….", "\nAnyway…so we heard how you guys gathered these guys together in Congress…I mean how it was done, y’know, it was like…well musta been like one of those movies….like Ocean’s elev…. ", "Like an Ocean’s 33, yeah! ", "And. ", "Anyway, so you gathered those suckers, those guys, in Congress together, who had the money, huh?", "\nAnd, he, he, he, y’know, like, we heard afterwards how you guys gathered, Congressional Leaders… and… without explaining exactly how it would happen – of course Congressmen could not be expected to understand the workings of economics and high finance like a Paulson could. ", "So, kindly Paulson and his deputies explained using analogies, how nice of them to bring it down to their level, so sweet of them….", "\nY’know analogies…like this is like this, this is like this, y’know, and…yea, like that….", "\nI just want to say how cute you are, W.. I mean, it was just, soooooo you….", "\nAnyway, the analogy they used was that if Congress didn’t cough up the dough pronto – perhaps those weren’t the exact words, my bad. ", "But anyway, that the consequences – and tell me W. this was all you, right? – ", "The consequences would be that of a “GLOBAL ECONOMIC MELTDOWN” (tell me, that part was you, right?) ", "a terminal global economic meltdown that would… (wait, I’m getting an inkling here… was this next part, Cheney’s?) “", "End modern civilization as we know it for the foreseeable future.”", "\nWow! ", "It gives me shivers just hearing it. ", "I mean there ain’t no auto salesman in his wildest fantasies that could come up with something so absolutely, well, disabling.", "\nYou guys really took those suckers in Congress “out by the knees”! ", "How could they have had a chance!", "\nAnd, boy, there’s that implied nuclear thing again…”the meltdown”; yea. ", "Doesn’t have to make any sense; I mean economics melting, but hey close enough. ", "How clever! ", "I mean that whole image of mushroom cloud, why it just worked stupendously to get us into a war. ", "And now, this being economics…\nOh, my God, I see it; it’s like a fifties movie — “Oh, please help, we’re meeee-ee-llll-tiiinggg.” ", "Yea, super scary. ", "Heck, anything like that from fifties horror flicks…just good stuff. ", "Heck, you know that most people believe that stuff anyway. ", "So, I see, you feed them what they always feared anyway. ", "Brilliant. ", "Brilliant.", "\nBut that’s my George, the W. himself, going with what he knows. ", "And, hey, why bother coming up with anything else, that card’s a winner for you, my man….", "\nAnd c’mon, level with me, I just gotta know, won’t tell anyone else… Was that Cheney with the “end of civilization” part? ", "C’mon, he’s already living the Wild West out there in Wyoming, he’s probably thinkin Mad Maxin it and everything… I mean, c’mon…. ", "C’mon, it’s got to be him, that’s just sooo Darth Vader, who else could think like that?", "\nPlease tell me I’m right…I feel like I know this guy and that is….well, that is just sooooo him!…", "\n\nThe Rise and Fall of “Obvious Truths,” Part One\nan Audio Reading by SillyMickel Adzema\n\nAnd offered once again, here is an audio of the author’s impassioned reading of this part. ", "Though it is of the first, unedited and unpolished version, and it does not contain all the detail of its current form below, it does capture the flavor of it all. ", "I offer it here for your listening pleasure. ", "For the reading of this part, “The Rise and Fall of ‘Obvious Truths,’ Part One,” click on the link to the audio site above or click the audio player here.", "\n\nShare this:\n\nLike this:\n\nLikeLoading...\n\nRelated\n\nAbout sillymickel\n\nActivist, psychotherapist, pre- and perinatal psychologist, author, and environmentalist. ", "I seek to inspire others to our deeper, more natural consciousness, to a primal, more delightful spirituality, and to taking up the cause of saving life on this planet, as motivated by love." ]

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[ "As I wrote my Blue Jays blog Thursday, I watched (or half-watched) the Royals-Mariners game, a tense pitching duel between Danny Duffy and Hisashi Iwakuma. ", "Duffy dominated a Mariners lineup that struggles against left-handers, while Iwakuma -- in his second start back from his spring training finger injury -- induced 21 swings and misses on pitches out of the strike zone. ", "For all the talk about Masahiro Tanaka's great splitter, don't forget that Iwakuma used that pitch as a big weapon last year, when he finished third in the Cy Young vote.", "\n\nOK, let's look at two plays involving Royals manager Ned Yost.", "\n\nIn the third inning, Mike Zunino was on third with two outs. ", "Yost had Duffy intentionally walk Robinson Cano, giving up the platoon advantage to instead pitch to Corey Hart, who singled in the game's only run (Zunino's double and Hart's hit were Seattle's only two of the game). ", "In his career, Duffy has been tougher on lefties and Hart has hit lefties better than Cano has, and it did seem a little early to issue an intentional walk, especially when you had the platoon matchup. ", "Still, a lot of managers have taken that approach against the Mariners this year: Don't let Cano beat you.", "\n\nJoe Posnanski, who hates the intentional walk, broke down the decision here and also tears into Yost:\n\nBut what drives me nuts is a manager who today believes one thing, tomorrow believes a second thing, the next day goes back to the first thing, the day after that believes something else entirely. ", "In this, you not only lose the strategic edge (which may or may not be trivial) you also leave your players kind of bemused. ", "If you hit the .300 OBP guy everybody likes at leadoff, they might stand behind you. ", "If you hit the .300 OBP guy at leadoff one day, pull him the next because he doesn’t get on base enough, put him back in the leadoff spot because your gut tells you he’s about to get hot, take him out again because he doesn’t get on base … you leave EVERYBODY ticked off. ", "Ned Yost is like this. ", "He’s a \"gut\" manager, meaning he not only makes odd decisions because they feel right in the moment but, heck, tomorrow he might do something entirely different because his gut boomed a different rumble. ", "Because of this, I have no idea how Yost feels about the intentional walk. ", "Last year, Yost’s Royals allowed the second fewest intentional walks in the American League -- only Boston had fewer. ", "The year before that, however, they led the American League in intentional walks. ", "The year before that, they were near the top, his last year in Milwaukee the Brewers were near the bottom. ", "The guy’s all over the map, and it’s not only with intentional walks. ", "Sometimes he will use a closer in a tie game on the road, sometimes he won’t. ", "Sometimes he will sacrifice bunt in a certain situation, the next time around he will not. ", "It’s maddening. ", "I’m not saying the Yost should act the same way every single time -- of course he should adjust to the moment. ", "But in the end, what do you stand for as a manager?", "\n\nHow rare was this kind of intentional walk? ", "Last season, there were 38 intentional walks in American League parks in the third inning or earlier (10 of those to David Ortiz). ", "Only three of those intentional walks were issued when the pitcher had the platoon advantage, all three curiously enough to Adrian Beltre:\n\n• Lucas Harrell of the Astros twice walked Beltre on Aug. 19, both times with one out. ", "Once, with a runner on third, once with runners on second and third.", "\n\n• On Aug. 7, the Angels' Tommy Hanson walked Beltre with one out and runners on second and third.", "\n\nSo Yost's two-out walk to Cano was unprecedented, at least compared to 2013.", "\n\nWhat if we ignore that it was early in the game? ", "Overall, there were 96 intentional walks all season across both leagues with a runner on third and two outs, regardless of the inning. ", "Ignoring situations in which the No. ", "8 hitter was walked to get to the pitcher, I found only eight instances all year when a batter was intentionally walked with a runner on third and two outs despite the platoon advantage:\n\n• April 21: Detroit's Doug Fister walked Albert Pujols in the seventh inning of a tie game to pitch to Josh Hamilton (Fister stayed in the game and Hamilton lined out). ", "That was interesting since that gave the platoon advantage to Hamilton.", "\n\n• June 7: Atlanta's Jordan Walden walked Yasiel Puig in the eighth inning of a tie game to pitch to Mark Ellis.", "\n\n• July 9: Baltimore's Kevin Gausman walked Beltre (again!), ", "down by two in the seventh. ", "But Brian Matusz came on to pitch to A.J. Pierzynski.", "\n\n• July 24: The Cubs' Kevin Gregg walked Paul Goldschmidt in the 10th inning of a tie game to pitch to Cliff Pennington.", "\n\n• July 31: The Rangers' Tanner Scheppers walked Mike Trout in the eighth inning of a tie game to pitch to Mark Trumbo.", "\n\n• Aug. 23: The Indians' Rich Hill walked Justin Morneau in the seventh inning while trailing by a run. ", "A little weird since Morneau can't really hit lefties. ", "Cody Allen came on to face Josh Willingham, who promptly doubled in two runs.", "\n\n• Aug. 30: Jose Fernandez walked Dan Uggla in the fourth inning down by a run to pitch to B.J. Upton.", "\n\n• Sept. 13: The Rockies' Adam Ottavino walked Goldschmidt in the sixth inning of a tie game, but Josh Outman came on to face Eric Chavez.", "\n\nI think you can see that all those situations make a lot more sense than walking Robinson Cano in the third inning, other than maybe the Pujols-Hamilton decision (although Hamilton was really struggling at the time).", "\n\nOK, on to the ninth inning Thursday. ", "The Mariners' Fernando Rodney comes on for the save. ", "He's been a little wild this season and entered the game with six walks in 13 innings, although none in his previous six appearances.", "\n\nHe walks light-hitting Alcides Escobar on four pitches, including a 3-0 fastball way off the plate. ", "That brings up leadoff hitter Norichika Aoki, who takes ball one. ", "And then bunts. ", "According to Baseball-Reference.com's win expectancy chart, the bunt actually increased Seattle's chances of winning from 74 percent after the walk to Escobar to 78 percent.", "\n\nNow, you can argue that Yost was going for the tie, and in a battle of bullpens the edge goes to Kansas City. ", "But you have to get there first.", "\n\nTo me, here's what made the bunt a bad decision: Don't you have to make Rodney throw a strike before you give away an out? ", "Or even two strikes? ", "Because Aoki has good bat control, you could still bunt with two strikes or even hit and run with the speedy Escobar on first. ", "In fact, after the bunt Rodney proceeded to walk Eric Hosmer on five pitches. ", "Rodney worked out of it from there, striking out Billy Butler and getting Salvador Perez to ground out, but what happens if the Mariners aren't given a free out?", "\n\nI'm left wondering what Yost brings to the Royals as manager. ", "His strategic decisions -- such as hitting Escobar leadoff much of last season -- have been roundly criticized in Kansas City and elsewhere. ", "If part of a job as manager is to help young players reach their potential, would you say the Royals players (especially the position players) have done that? ", "OK, we'll give Yost credit for Alex Gordon, who turned around his career under Yost in 2011. ", "But Hosmer? ", "Perez? ", "Mike Moustakas? ", "I'm not saying Yost is to blame or not to blame, but it's fair to say they haven't achieved at levels once expected. ", "The Royals did have a great pitching staff last year, and he got a lot out of Ervin Santana and the bullpen, so maybe Yost (a former catcher) is better with pitchers.", "\n\nOverall, however, I agree with Posnanski: Yost leaves me confused." ]

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[ "BOOst your social game this season with fangtastic Halloween content. ", "We’ve scoured the double double cauldron bubble (aka the Internet) for the best photos, icons, and templates to celebrate the season.", "\n\nSpooktactular Content Ingredients\n\nHere are a few Spark tricks: ghostly animations turn your graphics into surprising social media treats, while searching for “Halloween” in Spark’s icon library is an easy way to spook-ify any graphic or photo. ", "Pro tip: apply seasonal fonts, animations, icons, and backgrounds to make your design extra special." ]

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[ "The role of erythropoietin in the anemia of myelodysplastic syndrome.", "\nAlthough erythropoietin (EPO) deficiency is not responsible for the anemia of myelodysplasia, pharmacologic doses of recombinant human EPO (rHuEPO, epoetin alfa) and epoetin beta have been studied extensively as treatment of anemia in myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS). ", "When an epoetin is used as a single growth factor in patients with MDS, clinically meaningful responses occur in only a small minority of patients (16%). ", "Patients who are transfusion-dependent are less likely to respond than patients who are transfusion-independent. ", "Serum EPO level has a weak association with response rate and cannot be used to select or exclude patients from empirical trials of epoetins. ", "The dose schedule commonly used as initial treatment 40,000 U/week, is consistent with clinical observations, but an optimal dose schedule has not been determined. ", "The combination of an epoetin and granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) produces a higher erythroid response rate (36%) than the regimen of epoetin alone, but we have found no randomized trial data to support this point. ", "However, the design of the clinical trials, which included adding G-CSF after epoetin alone had failed, supports the hypothesis that combined use of growth factors, rather than just higher doses of epoetin, is responsible for the high response rate observed with the combination of epoetin and G-CSF. ", "Unfortunately, as in the case of epoetin alone, patients who are transfusion-dependent (> or =2 U red blood cells/month) are less likely to respond to combined growth factor therapy. ", "Although the ability of patients with MDS to show an erythroid response to epoetin is of biologic interest, because of high costs and the limited response rate in transfusion-dependent patients, epoetin therapy, with or without G-CSF, cannot be regarded as a definitive therapy for the anemia of MDS." ]

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[ "Systems biology of AGC kinases in fungi.", "\nSch9 appears to be the Saccharomyces cerevisiae homolog of protein kinase B and is involved in the control of numerous nutrient-sensitive processes, including regulation of cell size, cell cycle progression, and stress resistance. ", "Sch9 has also been implicated in the regulation of replicative and chronological life span. ", "Systematic comparison of the phenotypes of sch9 and other AGC kinase mutants in fungal species with their counterparts in model eukaryotic organisms provides insight into the functions of AGC kinases. ", "The availability of data from global studies of protein-protein interactions now makes it possible to predict and validate functional connections between Sch9, its putative substrates, and other proteins. ", "This review highlights several emerging paradigms of AGC kinase signaling that are relevant for growth, development, and aging." ]

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[ "MUMBAI: At a Shiv Sena conclave on Monday to commemorate the late Balasaheb’s 90th birth anniversary, Uddhav Thackeray refrained from speaking on his party’s infructuous seat-sharing talks with the BJP for the upcoming BMC elections . “", "Let’s be peaceful and watch the game,” he remarked.", "Thackeray’s restraint is an indication that Matoshree may not be ready as yet to snap poll ties with the BJP. ", "There are reports that chief minister Devendra Fadnavis was set to hold talks with Uddhav in an attempt to paper over the crisis.", "“I will speak on political issues on January 26,” said Thackeray.", "This could be the Sena’s fresh deadline to the BJP, said political experts. ", "Thackeray has planned a jamboree of senior Sena functionaries in Mumbai on Republic Day to review the party’s poll preparedness.", "In a statement indicating a thaw in the BJP-Sena ties, state BJP president Raosaheb Danve said on Monday that his party was awaiting a “positive proposal” from the Sena which could lead to an amicable seat-sharing formula. “", "Wherever possible, we will contest the civic polls with the Sena as our ally. ", "Wherever not possible, we will strike out on our own,” said Danve.", "Referring to the recent Tamil Nadu crusade in support of jallikattu, Thackeray said Marathis should take a cue from Tamils and stand up for Maharashtra’s culture, language and tradition. “", "The Tamils displayed their collective strength and brought the Centre to its knees. ", "This should be the spirit.", "”Thackeray flagged off the online edition of Saamna, the party mouthpiece which was launched on January 23, 1989. “", "We may not be wielding guns and swords, but we have Saamna with us,” he stated.", "Thackeray was addressing a party conclave in Mumbai to commemorate the 90th birth anniversary of the late Balasaheb Thackeray.", "Meanwhile, earlier in the day, Sena released its “vachan nama” (manifesto) at Sena Bhavan, the party headquarters.", "While stating the importance of the day—Bal Thackeray’s birth anniversary—Uddhav Thackeray said, “Today is January 23 and I am confident that by next 23 (February), Sena will have re-established its supremacy in a majority of corporations like Mumbai, Thane, Nasik.", "”Raising the red flag over the Metro-III car shed at Aarey Colony, Thackeray added that if the party comes to power again, it intends to retain the green zone reservation for the colony in the city’s development plan for the next 20 years, 2014-34.On the lines of the Union government, which proposed clubbing the railway budget with the general, Thackeray, too, announced BMC and BEST budgets together, to recover losses to the transport department. “", "It would be easy to manage the budgets,” said Thackeray.", "When asked whether Sena promises pothole-free roads in future, Thackeray said, “The pothole issue is everywhere, whether Pune or Nagpur. ", "We are not backing potholes but the issue should be sorted out without politicizing it. ", "We will definitely try to minimize potholes in the city,” said the Sena chief.", "On fulfilment of promises, Thackeray said whatever assurances they have given in the manifesto are not impractical but fall within the jurisdiction of the BMC.The Sena promised to develop a tourist spot on the eastern coast on a 900-acre MbPT plot. “", "The BMC can develop a new tourist spot if the Mumbai Port Trust (MbPT) hands over the 900-acre plot, which is lying vacant since years. ", "It would help boost Mumbai’s economy.", "”Sena promised to obtain all permissions for the Nariman Point-Dahisar coastal road in the next five years. ", "However, he didn’t announced project completion date. “", "Tough Middle Vaitarna has been completed in three and a half years, it took almost nine years to obtain permissions.", "”He assured free BEST bus travel to school-going students, a multi-purpose pass system and connecting buses, metro rails and local trains. ", "To woo Mumbai’s “management guru” dabbawalas, he promised to construct a Dabbawala Bhavan in south Mumbai." ]

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[ "First inauguration of Franklin D. Roosevelt\n\nThe first inauguration of Franklin D. Roosevelt as the 32nd President of the United States was held on Saturday, March 4, 1933. ", "The inauguration marked the commencement of the first term of Franklin D. Roosevelt as President and John Nance Garner as Vice President. ", "It was the last inauguration to be held on the constitutionally prescribed date of March 4; the 20th Amendment, ratified in January 1933, moved Inauguration Day to January 20. ", "As a result, Roosevelt's first term in office was shorter than a normal term (as was Garner's) by days. ", "\n\nThe inauguration took place in the wake of Democrat Roosevelt's landslide victory over Republican incumbent Herbert Hoover in the 1932 presidential election. ", "With the nation at its peak of the Great Depression, Roosevelt's inaugural speech was awaited with great anticipation. ", "Broadcast nationwide on several radio networks, the speech was heard by tens of millions of Americans, and set the stage for Roosevelt's urgent efforts to respond to the crisis.", "\n\nThe swearing ceremony took place on the East Portico of the United States Capitol, with Chief Justice Charles Evans Hughes administering the oath of office. ", "Roosevelt wore a morning coat and striped trousers for the inauguration, and took the oath with his hand on his family Bible, open to I Corinthians 13. ", "Published in 1686 in Dutch, it remains the oldest Bible ever used in an inaugural ceremony, as well as the only one not in English, and was originally used by Roosevelt for his 1929 and 1931 inaugurations as Governor of New York, and later his three subsequent presidential inaugurations until his death in 1945.", "\n\nInaugural address\n\nAfter taking the oath of office, Roosevelt proceeded to deliver his 1,883-word, 20 minute-long inaugural address, best known for his famously pointed reference to \"fear itself\" in one of its first lines:So, first of all, let me assert my firm belief that the only thing we have to fear is...fear itself — nameless, unreasoning, unjustified terror which paralyzes needed efforts to convert retreat into advance. ", "In every dark hour of our national life a leadership of frankness and of vigor has met with that understanding and support of the people themselves which is essential to victory. ", "And I am convinced that you will again give that support to leadership in these critical days.", "\n\nAddressing himself to the causes of the economic crisis and its moral dimensions, Roosevelt placed blame squarely on the greed and shortsightedness of bankers and businessmen, as seen in the following excerpts:\n\nRoosevelt then turned, in the following excerpts, to the daunting issue of unemployment, which had reached a staggering 25 percent when he assumed office:\n\nAfter touching briefly on foreign relations — \"the policy of the good neighbor — the neighbor who resolutely respects himself and, because he does so, respects the rights of others\" — Roosevelt turned again to the economic crisis, assuring his countrymen that he would act swiftly and with determination:\n\nRhetorical aspects\n\nAfter the inaugural address, a woman by the name Sarah Love said \"Any man who can talk like that in times like these is worthy of every ounce of support a true American has.\" ", "Love's quote is reflective of the popular sentiment felt for Roosevelt's dynamic, confident, and inspiring oratory.", "\n\nClose aide Raymond Moley was responsible for crafting the speech, as he did many of Roosevelt's speeches. ", "The idea of likening Roosevelt's coming task to commanding a war effort originated from Moley.", "\n\nInaugural ball\nRoosevelt's wife Eleanor wore a light blue dress designed by Sally Milgrim to the inaugural ball. ", "The dress was afterwards displayed at the Smithsonian Institution.", "\n\nAftermath\nThe day after his inauguration, Roosevelt assembled a special session of Congress to declare a four-day bank holiday, and on March 9 signed the Emergency Banking Act, which provided a mechanism for reopening. ", "He continued on for what became his First Hundred Days of the New Deal.", "\n\nReferences\n\nSee also\nCauses of the Great Depression\nGreat Contraction\nPresidency of Franklin D. Roosevelt\nSecond inauguration of Franklin D. Roosevelt\nThird inauguration of Franklin D. Roosevelt\nFourth inauguration of Franklin D. Roosevelt\n1932 United States presidential election\n\nFurther reading\n\nExternal links\nMore documents from the Library of Congress \nNewsreel footage of Roosevelt's 1933 inauguration from C-SPAN (via YouTube)\nText of Roosevelt's First Inaugural Address\nAudio of Roosevelt's First Inaugural Address (via YouTube)\n\nRoosevelt\nRoosevelt\nRoosevelt, Franklin\nRoosevelt, Franklin\n1933\nInauguration 1\nCategory:March 1933 events" ]

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[ "Slaps random ass at the store for kicks Says he meant to slap his wife's ass as an excuse\n\n121 shares" ]

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[ "Bought from another Bratabaser. ", "In very good condition. ", "Didn't fit me." ]

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[ "Hi again,\n\nI just called Mom and told her our plans. ", " She says Dad has no clue. ", " She \nvacuumed on Monday or Tuesday, and he asked her who she was expecting to \nvisit the next day. ", "HA HA HA.", "\n\nI told her that we are all very proud of ourselves for not blowing it. ", " \n\nDad doesn't know I called today, so I can call him tomorrow when we are on \nthe way, talk to Mom and let her know when we will be there. ", " It won't be \nthat weird for me to call on a Saturday morning. ", " She say Larry and Beverly \nleft today, so we can park in their driveway and be sneaky. ", " \n\nI'm so excited!!! ", " \n\nKay" ]

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[ "Q:\n\nPls help cookie account forgotten after reinstall of ubuntu\n\nAfter reinstalling ubuntu it forgot the cookies of my unregistered account https://askubuntu.com/users/18267/amith?tab=accounts .I'd like to restore this account\n\nA:\n\nWhile we can't restore it - I have merged it with your new account which will give you access to all the items from your old account under you newly create account.", "\n\n" ]

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[ "Renal function, aldosterone, and vasopressin excretion following repeated long-distance running.", "\nRenal and endocrine responses were studied in 10 male runners during a 20-day 500-km race. ", "Overnight urine and prerun blood samples were taken prior to running on days 1, 2, 5, 8, 14, 17, and 20. ", "Day 13 followed 70 h of rest. ", "Urine flow rate, osmotic clearance, tubular free water reabsorption, urinary vasopressin excretion rate, and body weight were not significantly changed. ", "Creatinine clearance was constant except for an elevation on day 5. ", "Plasma osmolality was elevated on days 2, 14, and 17. ", "Plasma sodium was increased (P less than 0.05) on days 2 and 13 but reduced on day 20. ", "The percentage of filtered sodium excreted was significantly reduced on all nights following running and elevated on recovery day 13. ", "Urinary aldosterone excretion rate was significantly elevated 162, 117, and 97% on days 5, 8, and 20 and returned to control levels on day 13 after 70 h of rest. ", "These data suggest that in response to repeated long-distance running normal fluid balance is regained within 12 h. However, it is necessary to conserve sodium for at least 24 h after exercise as evidenced by the decrease in the percent filtered sodium excreted and continued elevation of aldosterone excretion." ]

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[ "Article\n\nKlopp blames ´dry pitch´ and referee for West Brom draw\n\n21 April 2018 16:33\n\nJurgen Klopp blamed Liverpool's failure to hold on to a win against West Brom on the performance of the officials and the \"dry pitch\" at The Hawthorns.", "\n\nThe visitors looked to be heading for a comfortable win thanks to goals from Danny Ings and Mohamed Salah, only for Jake Livermore and Salomon Rondon to score in the final 11 minutes and snatch a 2-2 draw.", "\n\nKlopp was angry at the award of a free-kick against Joe Gomez that led to Rondon's equaliser, while he also criticised referee Stuart Atwell for failing to award a penalty for a Craig Dawson challenge on Ings and a blatant punch by Ahmed Hegazi on the striker.", "\n\nHe also accused West Brom of deliberately not watering the pitch in order to hamper Liverpool's passing game and suggested it is a tactic they are preparing to use next season, when they will likely be in the Championship.", "\n\n\"I think we controlled it pretty well. ", "It was clear they would pretty much only have opportunities with set-pieces; the rest we defended really well,\" the Liverpool manager told Sky Sports.", "\n\n\"We scored the second and then gave them the corner. ", "It's difficult. ", "The whole game, the block on the goalkeeper, I know everyone likes it in the country but it makes life difficult for the goalkeeper in these situations. ", "The second, what my guys told me, it was not a foul.", "\n\n\"It was a difficult game, especially after the pitch got drier and drier, we had the ball constantly and it's not so easy. ", "West Brom obviously decided not to water the pitch at half-time again. ", "It was quite difficult.", "\n\n\"We had the situation early in the second half, Ings in the box, that could be a penalty, and Hegazi and Ingsy... I don't know, you need a little bit of not even help, only the right decisions.\"", "\n\nWhen asked to explain his frustrations with the surface, he replied: \"I was not happy with the pitch. ", "You never played football, obviously. ", "It makes a massive difference. ", "If you're like West Brom, the ball constantly in the air, you don't need a wet pitch.", "\n\n\"That's how it is and we have to deal with that. ", "They can do it next year, playing with a dry pitch in the Championship.\"", "\n\nHe added on Hegazi, who is likely to face retrospective punishment for the Ings incident: \"I don't have to say anything about that. ", "I don't know why he did it, but he did it.", "\n\n\"With the penalty situation, people are laughing at Ingsy that he goes down. ", "Nobody can stay on their feet in that situation.", "\n\n\"We know what we are responsible for but, with the number of games, stuff like that, you need only the right decisions. ", "Then it's fine at the end because we win here 3-0, 3-1.", "\n\n\"Everyone knows they want set-pieces in the last few minutes and the ref gave it to them, in the corner with Joe Gomez. ", "Everybody told me it was not a foul.\"", "\n\nKlopp could not even bring himself to publicly congratulate Ings on his first Premier League goal since October 2015.", "\n\nAsked how happy he was with the striker's finish, he replied: \"Very. ", "He could have scored a second. ", "I'm not in a mood to talk about positive things. ", "Give me a night to sleep on it and I'll tell Danny how happy I am.\"" ]

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[ "In circumstances where it is desired to separate materials into two size groups, such as the separation of solid material from liquid material, usually the materials are merely fed to a machine having a screen, which can be vibrated, to effect the desired separation. ", "In such circumstances the materials are usually merely piped to and deposited at the center of the screen, in the case of a circular screen wherein the solids are discharged at the periphery, or, in the case of a rectangular inclined screen, the materials are deposited at the top thereof with the solids being allowed to fall off the screen at the bottom. ", "This type of separation results in a very inefficient use of screen area since only a small portion of the screen is actually performing the separation.", "\nOne attempt at more efficient screening is disclosed in U.S. Pat. ", "No. ", "4,065,382. ", "There the feed is split into a plurality of feeds to be fed to parallel tilted screens. ", "In an attempt to universally distribute the feeds over the screens, the material is splashed onto a flange. ", "However, such action does not guarantee an even distribution across the entire width of the screens.", "\nAnother problem involved with the aforementioned screening operations is that because the screens are usually of a very fine mesh to permit only liquids to pass therethrough, they wear out very easily. ", "As a solution to this problem, it has been proposed to provide a screen package which consists of the necessary fine mesh screen and a heavier back-up screen of larger mesh. ", "The two screens are tensioned together and the back-up screen provides the fine mesh screen with additional support for longer life. ", "While such a design is satisfactory for this purpose, the fine mesh screen does eventually wear out and then the entire screen package must be replaced including the costly back-up screen, even though it has not at all worn. ", "Furthermore, even tensioning of both screens together is not possible because while the back-up screen may be properly tensioned, the finer screen will tend to be looser than desired." ]

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[ "The internal combustion engine is the primary power source for motorized vehicles throughout the world today. ", "It is a well known and long used technology, and has become favored because it provides vehicles with both substantial power and good range, using a readily available fuel. ", "Unfortunately, there are drawbacks to the internal combustion engine (xe2x80x9cICExe2x80x9d). ", "The primary drawback of the ICE is pollution, since the combustion of petroleum-based fuels causes the emission of pollutants into the atmosphere. ", "More recently, as fossil fuels have become more difficult to obtain and their costs have increased, concerns have also arisen regarding the availability of fuel (and thus the continued viability of ICEs) in the long term and the costs of operating ICEs in the short term. ", "As a result, fuel efficiency in vehicles has become a significant issue, as demonstrated by both government-mandated efficiency guidelines and consumer-driven marketplace dynamics (as consumer demand has caused automobile manufacturers to stress the fuel efficiency of their vehicles in marketing). ", "Automobile manufacturers have responded by constantly tweaking their internal combustion engines, attempting to find ways to maximize the gas milage of their vehicles to gain any sort of competitive advantage in this crucial area.", "\nSince the basic design of the internal combustion engine is so well known and widely understood, most of the engineering design work attempting to improve fuel efficiency involves improvements to the peripheral elements of the ICE cycle, specifically the injection and compression elements. ", "Automobile manufacturers have also worked with fuel producers to create better fuels, designed to burn both cleaner and more efficiently. ", "These advances have significantly improved the fuel efficiency of modern vehicles, but concerns still remain. ", "In an attempt to progress further, manufacturers have, at the prompting of government, begun exploring more radical options that have led them away from ICEs completely. ", "Electric cars and hybrid vehicles represent the current trend for developing fuel efficient, clean, environmentally-friendly vehicles.", "\nUnfortunately, these alternatives have practical problems of their own, which may prevent them from ever effectively replacing ICEs. ", "Electric (battery powered) cars, for example, typically lack power/torque, such that they are ineffective for larger vehicles or for vehicles that pull significant weight (as cargo trucks, by way of example) and do not have an adequate range for anything more than short commutes. ", "Hybrid vehicles are even more experimental at this point, and often rely upon unproven technology like hydrogen fuel cells. ", "These sorts of hybrid vehicles have encountered many significant fuel-related setbacks that may prevent them from ever become practical, real-world vehicles.", "\nThe present invention of the Internal Combustion Engine Efficiency Unit (xe2x80x9cICEEUxe2x80x9d) takes a different tack. ", "It provides a radically different approach to improving the fuel efficiency of internal combustion engines, so that vehicles can still enjoy the benefits of ICEs while gaining significant fuel savings by reconfiguring the specific manner in which their ICEs operate. ", "This is accomplished using a technique which has heretofore been unavailable for internal combustion engines. ", "Specifically, the ICEEU uses multiple (typically two) smaller engines in place of the single large engine that typically powers a motorized vehicle. ", "The two smaller engines feed into the ICEEU, which produces a single rotational output from both engines to drive the vehicle (in the same manner that the vehicle would be driven by the single engine that has been replaced). ", "Smaller ICEs are innately more fuel efficient, and the ICEEU allows one of the two engines to idle, cease operation, and/or resume operation while the vehicle is being driven, such that the vehicle can utilize both engines in tandem when power is needed (during acceleration for instance), but can run on only one engine (during cruising for instance) when much less power is needed to maintain the vehicle\"\"s constant speed.", "\nThe primary benefit of the ICEEU is that it basically customizes the vehicle\"\"s engine as a function of time, so that it provides the appropriate size of engine for the specific circumstances (instead of the current situation with ICEs, in which the engine size for a vehicle is selected one time at purchase to fit all circumstances, even though it may not be appropriate/efficient for much of the operation life of the vehicle). ", "In other words, a vehicle\"\"s weight-to-horsepower ratio can be optimized at all times, regardless of the vehicle\"\"s speed, acceleration, or cargo weight, to best accomplish the goals at hand at the particular moment. ", "This fact results in improved fuel efficiency. ", "One way to increase fuel efficiency would be to have one engine run in its most efficient range of operation for basically its entire run cycle, while having the other engine provide additional power as needed. ", "More typically, however, one ICE would be completely shut down and disconnected from the power train in circumstances when the additional power/torque is not needed, so that the pistons are not acting as a drag on the system, and the vehicle would then essentially behave as if it were driven by a single, smaller ICE (which is more fuel efficient).", "\nIn essence, the ICEEU would provide the vehicle with the power of a large engine when that power was needed (and the vehicle would act as if it had a single, large engine in those circumstances), but would provide the vehicle with the fuel efficiency of a smaller engine whenever there is no need for more power than a single, smaller engine produces (such that the vehicle would act as if it had a single, smaller engine in those circumstances). ", "So by way of example, replacing a V-8 ICE with two 4 cylinder engines connected via the ICEEU would produce a vehicle that would act as an 8 cylinder engine in circumstances when power is needed (for instance, when accelerating quickly or when pulling a heavy load), but would act as a 4 cylinder engine in other circumstances (for instance, when cruising speed has been reached, and the vehicle is merely maintaining its forward momentum on the highway). ", "In the dynamic situation between these two extremes, the vehicle would be able to use some portion of the second smaller engine\"\"s power, as needed.", "\nThe present invention of the ICEEU allows engines running at different speeds to share the same load, and to enter and leave the power train as needed at any RPM or torque. ", "It optimizes both the engines and the transmission of the vehicle so that a pair of engines can integrate and separate smoothly throughout operation (regardless of RPM or torque). ", "Furthermore, the ICEEU allows internal combustion engines to be used in conjunction with other types of motors in the same manner (i.e. with the alternative motor replacing one of the smaller ICEs), so that it may be used to develop a hybrid vehicle. ", "Regardless of the types of motors being integrated, the most significant point about the ICEEU is that it allows for the use of smaller, more efficient internal combustion engines, while maintaining high-end power availability, so that the vehicle\"\"s weight-to-horsepower ratio remains appropriate at all times in the vehicle\"\"s life.", "\nAt its heart, the present invention of the Internal Combustion Engine Efficiency Unit (xe2x80x9cICEEUxe2x80x9d) is an infinitely variable transmission device that features phase shifting as a means for translating two rotational inputs into a single rotational output. ", "Basically, the ICEEU serves the functional purpose of synchronizing torque without synchronizing either rotational speed (RPMs) or horsepower. ", "The ICEEU device could have several practical applications. ", "For instance, it could be used to power a winch pulling fibreoptic cable, with the phase shifting nature of the device being exploited to allow cable to advance at a constant speed under a constant pull force. ", "Or, it could be used to avoid the problem of having brushes weld to the armature of an electric motor, which is typically encountered when starting large DC motors from static position under extreme loads, by controlling motor speed increases using the dynamic counterbalancing effect of phase shifting to avoid the chance of flashover (by rotating one input clockwise and the other counterclockwise at the same speed to produce an infinite ratio, effectively producing no rotation in the output shaft, but allowing precise control over the output shaft rotation by slowing either motor, setting up an extreme ratio).", "\nThe primary use for the ICEEU, however, is to allow two separate internal combustion engines to work together as a single motivating force for a vehicle, optimizing both the engines and the transmission of the vehicle so that the pair of ICEs can integrate and separate smoothly at any RPM or torque. ", "The ICEEU allows either of the engines to idle, cease operation, and/or resume operation, so that one of the vehicle\"\"s engines may be taken in and out of the vehicle\"\"s power train as needed. ", "When one of the two engines is not in operation, it has no negative effect on the other engine and is not a source of friction or drag, which would reduce the efficiency of the power train. ", "Thus, the ICEEU effectively allows a vehicle to act as if it has a larger engine when power is needed (by utilizing both engines as input power sources within the power train) and as if it has a smaller engine when there is no such need for power beyond the capabilities of a single smaller engine (by utilizing only one of its two smaller engines as an input power source for the power train of the vehicle). ", "This effect results in a more fuel efficient, low-emission vehicle, which still has all of the advantages of internal combustion engines.", "\nIn basic form, the ICEEU comprises an open differential and two planetary gear sets, and each of the planetary gear sets connects to the open differential in a like manner (forming a mirror image). ", "Typically, one planetary gear set is located on each side of the open differential. ", "In the preferred embodiment, the open differential comprises an internal carrier, two side bevel gears, and planet (spider) bevel gears. ", "Each planetary gear set comprises a sun gear, a plurality of planet gears and a planetary carrier (collectively forming a planetary array), and an annular gear. ", "The appropriate side bevel gear on each side of the open differential rigidly connects to the annular gear for the planetary gear set located on that side of the open differential. ", "The internal carrier for the open differential rigidly connects to the sun gears in both planetary gear sets and to the output shaft. ", "The planetary array (specifically, the planetary carrier) for each planetary gear set connects to an input shaft from an ICE. ", "In this way, the ICEEU connects two internal combustion engines together to produce a single rotational output, transmitting drive power for the vehicle.", "\nTo function most effectively as an engine efficiency unit, optional elements may be added to the ICEEU. ", "For example, brakes may be added, so that elements of the planetary gear sets may be stopped, providing another rotational input that can alter the manner in which the ICEEU translates the two rotational inputs into a single rotational output. ", "Clutch mechanisms may also be added to improve the device\"\"s operation. ", "For example, a one-way clutch may be used on one of the input shafts so that the speed of the engine attached to that shaft may be regulated with respect to the speed of the other engine (i.e. so that one input shaft is restricted so that it cannot rotate faster than the other input shaft). ", "On the other hand, friction clutches could be used to allow each engine to easily engage and disengage from the power train. ", "Also, there are several different means and locations at which the engines could be attached to the ICEEU. ", "All of these factors will be discussed in greater detail below, when describing the preferred embodiment.", "\nIt is an object of the ICEEU to increase the fuel efficiency of internal combustion engines. ", "It is another object of this invention to allow the weight-to-horsepower ratio for a vehicle to be customized depending upon the specific circumstances, so that it is appropriate regardless of the vehicle\"\"s speed, acceleration, or cargo weight. ", "It is still another object of this invention to integrate and separate two engines smoothly throughout the operation of a vehicle as needed, in order to optimize the performance characteristics of the vehicle. ", "It is yet another object of this invention to allow two engines running at different speeds to share the same load. ", "It is yet another object of this invention to allow the engines of a vehicle to enter and leave the power train as needed at any RPM or torque. ", "These and other objects will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art field." ]

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[ "Best Magento Design Trends to Follow\n\nIn online business, users are always in a hurry and only devote about only three seconds on a website to impress them at a glance. ", "Fast loading, impressive design, immersive user experiences, quick access of desired products or services, convincing sales pitch, rapid and easy checkout, trust building efforts through order tracking, shipping, and much more are things essential in an ideal e-commerce platform to offer.", "\n\nFortunately, Magento has all and much more in the same line to offer e-commerce merchants and their developers. ", "Recent trends in Magento ecosystem loudly broadcast a message that Magento is an evolving and highly promising e-commerce platform that one should rely on." ]

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[ "Product Finder\n\nAdditional Service\n\nVarious marks and letters are laser-engraved on NBK products.", "\nThis is a service to make the NBK products even easier to use in terms of functionality by engraving marks such as OPEN, CLOSE, and arrows.", "\n\nWe can wash and pack your products in a cleanroom. ", "This is suggested for products used in FPD production devices, semiconductor manufacturing devices, medical equipment, food and beverage machinery and even products that will be used in cleanrooms." ]

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[ "Q:\n\nPHP Page: No database selected issue\n\nI get No database selected on line 13 error. ", "And this code line is \n$result = $mysqli->query($query) or die($mysqli->error.\" ", "on line \".__LINE__);\n\nDatabase connected successfully but when I try to open \"question.php\" file I get this error.", "\n<?", "php\n // Set question number\n $number = (int) $_GET['n'];\n\n /*\n * Get Question\n */\n $query = \"SELECT * FROM questions WHERE questions.question_number = $number\";\n\n // Get Result\n\n $result = $mysqli->query($query) or die($mysqli->error.\" ", "on line \".__LINE__);\n\n $question = $result->fetch_assoc();\n\n /*\n * Get Choices\n */\n $query = \"SELECT * FROM choices WHERE question_number = $number\";\n\n // Get Results\n $choices = $mysqli->query($query) or die($mysqli->error.__LINE__);\n\n?", ">\n\nUPDATE!", "\nMy database connection:\n<?", "php\n\n // Create connection credentials\n $db_host = 'localhost';\n $db_name = 'quizzer';\n $db_user= 'root';\n $db_pass='';\n\n // Create mysqli object\n\n $mysqli = new mysqli($db_host, $db_user,$db_pass,$db_pass);\n\n // Error handler\n if($mysqli->connect_error){\n printf(\"Connect failed: %s\\n\", $mysqli->connect_error);\n exit();\n}\n\nA:\n\nYou have a typo, write that : \n$mysqli = new mysqli($db_host, $db_user,$db_pass,$db_name);\n\ninstead of :\n$mysqli = new mysqli($db_host, $db_user,$db_pass,$db_pass);\n\n" ]

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[ "Transcatheter aortic valve replacement: current developments, ongoing issues, future outlook.", "\nSince the first clinical implantation in 2002, transcatheter aortic valve implantation or transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) has become an established therapy in the treatment of symptomatic severe aortic stenosis in patients deemed too high risk for surgical aortic valve replacement. ", "With over 50,000 implants performed in more than 40 countries, a large amount of clinical data have emerged in this rapidly growing field. ", "Careful patient selection, systematic risk stratification, optimal valve sizing, meticulous procedural techniques, and complications management are all important elements to achieve good outcomes. ", "However, several critical issues exist with TAVR that need to be addressed before it can become more widely adopted. ", "Quality of life improvement and cost-effectiveness of TAVR, when compared to surgical aortic valve replacement, remain uncertain in lower risk patients. ", "Stroke, paravalvular leak, vascular complication, bleeding, and heart block represent only a few of the key concerns in this therapy. ", "Valve-in-valve procedures are becoming a novel application of transcatheter heart valve in the treatment of a degenerated bioprosthesis, and next generation heart valves that address some of these ongoing issues are currently under evaluation. ", "Future prospective studies will allow us to refine this therapy and optimize outcomes in this high-risk patient population." ]

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[ "Join now to find the best fashion from handmade and independent designers up to 60% off.", "\n\nWelcome back! ", "Please login to see our latest deals.", "\n\nEmail Address\n\nForgot Your Password?", "\n\nAlready a member? ", "Sign in here.", "\n\nModern Sienna ColorPak\n\nAvailability: In stock\n\nSpecial Price\n$99.00\n\nRegular Price:\n$150.00\n\nTake your design to a new level with the Modern Sienna ColorPak from Booth & Williams. ", "One linear foot of authentic modern hardback books in crisp and warm shades of reddish brown. ", "All books are published 1980-present and include a variety of literary works, period novels and topical texts with light overall wear. ", "Contains 10-12 books with an average height of 8.5-9.5' and hand-wrapped in jute twine. ", "Order as many ColorPaks as you need to complete your project. ", "Titles will differ from those pictured." ]

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[ "Unkillable Cat said:\n\nVery nice collection. ", "I'm actually thinking whether I have anything you would want (as I'm thinking about selling off part of my collection) but I can't think of anything, you already have everything RPG-related that I have... and so much more.", "\n\n\n\n(Unless you count a sealed copy of the PC version of War of the Lance, but that's more one of them \"strategery\" games.)", "\n\n\n\nAfter some consideration, while I can think of a few RPG titles that I have and you don't seem to have, the question is whether you want them to begin with. ", "The retail box for Ultima Online, for example. ", "Or The Legacy.", "\n\n\n\nI really need to have a go at my boxes and sort out what I want to keep and what not.", "\n\nClick to expand..." ]

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[ "Gov. Baker Makes Changes To Airbnb Bill\n\nBOSTON (24/7 NewsSource) -- Governor Charlie Baker is proposing changes to a recently passed bill that would regulate Airbnb and other short term rentals.", "\n\nBaker is proposing that homeowners who rent their properties for less than 14 days a year be exempt from tax and insurance requirements. ", "Since the governor acted after the end of the formal legislative session, lawmakers must approved the changed bill or call a special session to rewrite it. ", "Supporters of the bill in the legislature say they are exploring their options." ]

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[ "Outdoor sports men and women that hunt and fish are using more and more technology to track their position, return to a predetermined position, and locate game and fish. ", "Many sportspeople carry a global positioning device (GPS) that keeps track of their location while they are in the woods or on the water so that a current location can be tracked and/or a position may be saved so that the sportsperson can return to the same location at a later time. ", "These sportspeople when fishing, for example, may also carry a fish finder to assist in locating fish; the depth of the fish, or the like thus requiring the sportsperson to carry multiple devices in order to accommodate all of their needs, Many of these fish finders are the “flasher type” that provides a flashing light indicating a fish is located at a predetermined depth. ", "The display portion provides little additional information other than the presence of a fish. ", "The fish finders include only one detection device so that only one location is monitored at a time. ", "Attempts have been made to provide more detailed display devices that also provide other functionality such as GPS. ", "However, coupling additional functionality together increases prices above a price point such that users may be detracted from purchasing the device, increases complexity of the devices, and may make the device and added functionality bulky.", "\nExamples of marine display devices are disclosed in U.S. Pat. ", "No. ", "8,433,463; and U.S. patent application Publication No. ", "2014/0010043; 2014/0013259; 2014/0013270; and 2014/0013276 all of which are expressly incorporated by reference in their entirety herein for all purposes. ", "It would be attractive to have a marine display that is modular so that functionality may be added and removed as needed. ", "It would be attractive to have a marine display that may be used when the user's hands are covered in gloves so that the user can use the device in cold temperatures without having to remove their gloves. ", "What is needed is a device that monitors a plurality of locations simultaneously, What is needed is a device that allows a user to remotely monitor one or more locations simultaneously. ", "What is needed is a docking station that remotely and/or locally provides information and/or power to a marine display." ]

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[ "Q:\n\nInsert HTML code in Javascript\n\nI m new to scripting, and I started with Javascript. ", "I m creating a script that takes value from a drop down list and process the input with the chosen value. ", "Since HTML is not accepted in javascript files (.js) , I tried inserting the HTML select list as a script ,so that it may work. ", "But that doesn't seem working. ", "I have included my code below. ", "Need some help in inserting a HTML code in Javascript. ", "Thanks in advance. ", "\nMy Code:\nwindow.onload = function() { \n\n var p = document.createElement(\"div\")\n p.innerHTML = 'Script to calculate the eligibility of a u20 player ' +\n '<div style=\"padding-left:0em;\"><b>U20 ELIGIBILITY CALCULATOR</b></div>'+ 'Years : ' +\n '<div style=\" display: inline-block; float: center; text-align: center;\">' + \n '<select id=\"x\">'+\n '<option value=\"17\">17 yrs</option>' +\n '<option value=\"18\">18 yrs</option>' +\n '<option value=\"19\">19 yrs</option>' +\n '<option value=\"20\">20 yrs</option>' +\n '</select>' +\n '</div>' +\n '<input type = \"button\" id = \"calc\" value = \"Calculate Age\" onclick = \"calc_age()\"/>' + 'He will be'+\n '<input type = \"text\" id = \"w\" size=\"1\" readonly />';\n}\n\nfunction calc_age() // to find age at the registration deadline\n{\n var n1,n2;\n n1=document.getElementById(\"x\").value;\n n2=n1*2; // i have changed the operations here\n document.getElementById(\"w\").value=n2;\n}\n\nA:\n\nAfter creating the element p, you'll have to append it somewhere in the document. ", " But first, instead of innerHTML, I would create the elements and append them to p, like so:\n\nvar p = document.createElement(\"div\");\r\n p.appendChild( document.createTextNode(\"Script to calculate the eligibility of a u20 player \") );\r\n\r\nvar el = document.createElement(\"div\");\r\n el.id = \"jefree\";\r\n el.style.float = \"center\";\r\n p.appendChild(el);\r\n// Study that for a second, creating any other element (even with nested elements) is the same way\r\n\r\nvar listEl = document.createElement(\"select\");\r\n listEl.id = \"x\";\r\n for( var x = 17; x < 21; x++ ){\r\n var optionEl = document.createElement(\"option\");\r\n optionEl.value = x;\r\n optionEl.appendChild( document.createTextNode(x) );\r\n listEl.appendChild(optionEl);\r\n }\r\n p.appendChild(listEl);\r\n\r\ndocument.body.appendChild(p);\n\nAlso, the way to get a select-box's value is to get the selected index, then find that value.", "\nvar list = document.getElementById(\"x\");\n list.options[ list.selectedIndex ].value;\n\n" ]

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[ "The Bernie Counter\n\nDespite what you've been hearing, Bernie Sanders can still win the democratic presidential\nnomination. ", "How? ", "The map below allows you to plot his course to victory by showing how various\nstate primaries affect the outcome.", "\n\nSelect a state\n\nUse the slider to adjust the percentage of the vote Bernie might receive and see how the\ndelegate count changes\n\nThe Set All States option shows you what would happen if Senator Sanders won all remaining states by\na given percentage.", "\n\nPlease note: this site is under rapid development and may have some slightly incorrect\nnumbers as primary results come in.", "\nUse this as a general guide to vision the path forward for the Bern and not a\nscientifically accurate model :) Please send any suggestions to\n@berncounter" ]

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[ "Origin, evolution and genome differentiation in Guizotia abyssinica and its wild species.", "\nGuizotia abyssinica, G. schimperi and G. scabra are diploid species (2n=2x=30) characterised by 15 bivalents during prophase-I/metaphase-I of meiosis. ", "The former species is cultivated whereas the latter two are wild. ", "Interspecific hybrids between these three species were generated and the F1 hybrids were analysed to assess cytogenetic relationships and crop evolution within the genus Guizotia. ", "Meiotic chromosome configurations at diakenesis/metaphase-I in the pollen mother cells of hybrids averaged 0.25I + 14.60II + 0.15IV for G. abyssinica x G. schimperi, 0.05I + 13.6II + 0.14III + 0.58IV for G. abyssinica x G. scabra, and 0.8I + 12.7II + 0.08III + 0.88IV for G. schimperi x G. scabra. ", "Based upon the results of our investigations we conclude that the genomes of G. abyssinica and G. schimperi are similar and homologous, whereas the G. scabra genome is only partially homologous to that of G. abyssinica/G. schimperi. ", "Furthermore, the crop species G. abyssinica might have originated from G. schimperi through selection and cultivation; chromosome translocations appear to have played a significant role in the divergence and differentiation of these three species." ]

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[ "When former Helloween vocalist Michael Kiske announced the launch of his new band Unisonic in 2009, the buzz that followed was minimal at best. ", "Having ex-Gotthard guitarist Mandy Meyer and the Pink Cream 69 rhythm section of Dennis Ward (bass) and Kosta Zafiriou (drums) on board did little to sweeten the pot, largely because Kiske had built a dubious track record for lack luster solo albums and making one-shot guest appearances on other projects since his 1993 departure from Helloween. ", "Add to this his rather vocal disdain for the metal scene and many of his fans felt they’d been stabbed in the back. ", "He redeemed himself somewhat with the Kiske / Somerville album in 2010 and his continued participation in Edguy frontman Tobias Sammet’s popular ongoing metal opera band, Avantasia – dating back to 2001 – but expectations surrounding Unisonic remained painfully low.", "\n\nEnter former Helloween bandmate Kai Hansen, a long standing friend and fan of Kiske’s vocal talents. ", "Hansen infamously left Helloween mid-tour in 1988 and went on to form Gamma Ray a year later, calling on Kiske to do guest vocals on the song ‘Time To Break Free’ for the Land Of The Free album in 1995. ", "Since then the pair have crossed paths on various projects, with things coming to a head on Avantasia’s world tour in 2010, when Sammet called upon them to reprise their studio roles for the stage. ", "Both Kiske and Hansen agreed, doing a string of shows together for the first time in 20 years. ", "A few months after the tour Hansen announced he had joined Unisonic as a full time member.", "\n\n“I didn’t actually expect this to happen,” Hansen admits, “mainly because Michael’s way of being in contact with the scene, saying that he wasn’t active in the metal side of things. ", "I always liked the idea of working with Michael again, but when I heard him say things like that I thought ‘It would be nice, but forget it.’ ", "When he formed Unisonic, I was very happy to hear it because I always thought it was a waste of talent when Michael did his little side-projects. ", "But, I still didn’t seriously think about the two of us doing something together. ", "Honestly, I never considered it. ", "When we did the Avantasia tour together in 2010, it felt good working with him, and I could see that Michael was happy being on stage. ", "He’s loosened up a lot towards metal. ", "We had a lot of time to talk and enjoyed performing together, and we eventually started considering doing something together very seriously. ", "And it wasn’t only talk, saying ‘Yeah man, we’ve gotta do something…’ and then nothing happens (laughs). ", "This time it was for real and we started discussing the possibilities we had. ", "There were three options: a new project, bringing him into Gamma Ray, or bring me into Unisonic. ", "Since the first two didn’t make sense, Unisonic was the logical choice.”", "\n\nKiske’s return as a full-on frontman has been a long time in coming when one considers the number of metal-oriented side-projects and guest appearances he’s made over the last 10+ years. ", "At the same time, he’s caused plenty of confusion in doing so by simultaneously badmouthing the metal community in the press.", "\n\n“I was always wondering about that a bit,” says Hansen. “", "I think he just got it wrong for a while. ", "Maybe he was trying to provoke people in some way, I don’t know (laughs). ", "It’s cleared up now, but I think there are certain things in the metal scene that Michael just doesn’t get along with. ", "That’s basically everything worshipping violence and all that kind of stuff.”", "\n\nFor his part, although Hansen came in well after the band had been formed, he’s responsible for tying all the loose ends together and kicking Unisonic onto the path they’re taking now.", "\n\n“The songs ‘I’ve Tried’ and ‘Souls Alive’ were actually done before I came in, and there wasn’t anything about the songs that needed to be changed. ", "I added some heavy guitars and some solos, but there was nothing more to say about those two tracks. ", "Beyond that, there were three million ideas and rough cuts and bits and pieces to sort out, and that’s what we did. ", "There were some rough demos, sometimes not even half a song, and we went through the stuff together to decide what was cool and what wasn’t. ", "That was one of my points coming in; I told them I was going to be quite strict, and that I was going to say what I like or don’t like, what I think is shit and so on, and if they could accept that I was in. ", "They were happy with that because it’s actually what they wanted. ", "We eventually found the songs and ideas we wanted to work on, brought them to the rehearsal room, and parallel to that I started writing songs myself.”", "\n\nIf not for Hansen coming aboard, it’s quite possible Unisonic would have remained in Kiske’s basement. ", "The band certainly wouldn’t be getting the buzz it is now.", "\n\n“Michael has put it nicely, saying that I was the missing link in Unisonic,” Hansen laughs. “", "They had planned to put an album out in 2010, but Michael says the reason it didn’t happen is because the music wasn’t ready. ", "Something was missing, and that was me, because when I came in things really started moving forward. ", "It felt really good working together, so when we found something in the material we liked we focused on it to nail it down.”", "\n\n“It was kind of refreshing” he says of stepping away from Gamma Ray for a while. “", "Things are great with Gamma Ray, but you get into a certain routine after a while and you burn out a little bit. ", "Honestly, it happens. ", "With Unisonic it was a different thing because it was new and the people I’m working with are different when it comes to creativity. ", "Dennis was my man on this; we played ping-pong with a lot of the song ideas, which was absolutely brilliant. ", "Mandy joined in with his ideas on the side because he lives in Switzerland, so he couldn’t always be with us when we were working.”", "\n\nHansen remained conscious of the fact he wasn’t writing for Gamma Ray or Helloween and censored himself accordingly.", "\n\n“I actually did pull myself back a bit. ", "The first idea I had was for the chorus of ‘Never Too Late’. ", "I was coming home from a Gamma Ray rehearsal and this idea for a song came to me, and it had Michael’s voice. ", "I started producing demos at home and getting my shit together, and for sure, I tried to avoid getting into the Gamma Ray vibe or copying what we did with Helloween. ", "It was a new approach for me, and the cool thing was that, at that time, things were completely unclear. ", "The only thing that was clear was that the music shouldn’t be too metal. ", "It was meant to lean in a rock direction, have some pop elements, and I took it from there. ", "I do have ideas going in that directions, and sometimes they come out in the Gamma Ray stuff, but with Unisonic I have more freedom to jump on it and go in that direction.”", "\n\nIn other words, Hansen can write songs for Unisonic that don’t have that aggressive Gamma Ray edge and not feel guilty about it. ", "Courting a rock direction under the Gamma Ray banner, he agrees, would get him crucified.", "\n\n“Yeah, in some ways it is like that. ", "If somebody says to me ‘Unisonic is not real metal!’ ", "I can say ‘Well, this wasn’t planned to be real metal, so fuck you…’ (laughs).”", "\n\n‘Never Change Me’ is the perfect example of a Hansen-penned feelgood rock song…\n\n“That’s a cool song,” says Hansen. “", "When I first joined the band and heard the ideas for it, I thought it was very cool on the one side, but on the other hand it could be a Miley Cyrus song. ", "Maybe that has something to do with my daughter because she liked Hannah Montana for a while and used to watch it all the time (laughs). ", "Maybe something from that got stuck in my head.”", "\n\nOn the other side of the coin, the ‘Unisonic’ single was a blatant tip of the hat to Hansen’s and Kiske’s past.", "\n\n“This production was done in a way that says we’re not forcing anything, but we’re not really avoiding anything, either, except for 180 beats per minute and growling vocals.”", "\n\nWith Hansen and Kiske sharing the same airspace once again, some media outlets have been hinting at the possibility of a full-fledged Helloween reunion. ", "Kiske shot down the suggestion in a recent interview with Greece’s Rockpages, stating that there was no need to reunite seeing as he had “the best part of Helloween in my band.”", "\n\n“I’m thankful for his credit, but sometimes he’s a bit overenthusiastic,” Hansen laughs. “", "I still feel the chemistry we had back in the old days, though, but it was only partly me. ", "The other Helloween guys also did a lot to make it what it was.”", "\n\n“Michael’s voice inspires me,” he continues, “so when I write songs I can have his voice in mind. ", "Just like when I write for Gamma Ray, I have my voice in mind. ", "When I wrote songs for Gamma Ray while Ralf (Scheepers / Primal Fear) was in the band, it was still my voice. ", "The way I write for Michael has changed a bit, because in the Helloween times it was his voice that inspired me to come up with those melody lines. ", "Now, since I’m a bit more experienced as a singer, I can’t avoid putting myself into it, so when I sing the demos it’s kind of for me as well. ", "But, for some reason, Michael has got a great way of doing an interpretation of that in a different way. ", "I do hear his voice when I sing those parts, though.”", "\n\nSpeaking of Kiske’s voice, he sounds just as good as he did during Helloween’s ‘80s heyday with the Keeper albums. ", "Unlike a lot of aging singers, he still has the chops that earned him a loyal fanbase.", "\n\n“Isn’t it amazing? ", "I actually think his voice sounds fuller now, more mature, but he can still do those high parts. ", "He was doing that in the rehearsal room just for fun sometimes when we were working on the album, and it’s like ‘Fuck you, man…’ (laughs). ", "He put it on the album in a couple places, like on the extra track ‘Over The Rainbow’ at the end. ", "I just have to take a look at myself. ", "I could sing higher when I was younger, but I think the 3 million cigarettes since then had an affect on my voice (laughs).”", "\n\nAt this point, Hansen is looking to divide his time evenly between Unisonic and Gamma Ray, with this year dedicated to the former and 2013 focusing on his Rayniac responsibilities. ", "Some folks are doubtful Hansen will be able to stick it out for the long haul, however, given a similar scenario played out in the late ‘90s with vocalist / guitarist / producer Piet Sielck’s band, Iron Savior.", "\n\n“I thought of that, of course, but this time it’s a bit different. ", "Iron Savior was Piet’s band and I was just sidestepping into it. ", "With Unisonic it looks different. ", "It’s not anybody’s band, it’s our band, so there really isn’t a mainman or a leader. ", "I’m doing this with Michael, which makes it very special for everyone, including me, so I’m going to try to continue dancing at two weddings and see how long I can actually do it. ", "I hope this lasts a long time because I’ve seen that other people can balance being in two bands – like Peter Tätgren (Hypocrisy / Pain) and Tobi Sammet (Avantasia / Edguy) – and they’ve proven that it works as long as you take enough time with both instead of rushing things.”", "\n\nFor the present, Hansen’s plate is full with Unisonic live dates booked for the course of 2012, with more to be added along the way. ", "Old school Helloween fans, Hansen says, won’t be disappointed.", "\n\n“Of course we’re going to play some old Helloween stuff; only material that Michael or me wrote at that time. ", "It’ll be a welcome thing to play it, especially for me. ", "I’ve been playing ‘Future World’ and ‘I Want Out’ with Gamma Ray for years, I see Helloween doing those songs as well, but when it comes to the voice Andi (Deris / Helloween) and I can compete, but it still has to be Michael. ", "When I hear those songs done by Michael, they’re done right. ", "They’re perfect.”", "\n\nAnd in spite of his initial misgivings, Hansen believes that for all the hype surrounding his reunion with Kiske the fans will embrace Unisonic for what it is rather than past glories of its members.", "\n\n“In the beginning I was a bit skeptical, and I remember saying in a few interviews in the beginning that if people are expecting to hear old Helloween they might be disappointed. ", "I don’t see it that way now, because I think Helloween at that time was about doing something different all the time. ", "If you compare Walls Of Jericho, Keeper I and Keeper II, they were so different from each other. ", "Even if I’d stayed in the band, there’s no way to tell what the next album would have been like. ", "There’s a lot of great music on the Unisonic album, and I think even an old Helloween fan can really enjoy it.”", "\n\n** Please note that all text on CarlBegai.com (headlines, articles, stories, interviews, reviews, musings) and watermarked photos are copyright of Carl Begai and carlbegai.com. ", "I can't very well prevent you from cutting and pasting content to make your own websites even more interesting, but if you're going to do so please give credit where it's due. ", "I'm fully capable of giving a legal stomping to people who think they're being clever, but I'd much rather not go down that road. ", "Life is too short to waste it on unpleasant things." ]

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[ "Q:\n\nPagination on 10k migrated questions is broken\n\nI was poking at the oldest of the migrated questions to see what they look like the other day (should they be closed? ", "are they a stub of an answer after a rejected migration?)", "\nToday, I can't do any pagination on it.", "\nI start out at https://softwareengineering.stackexchange.com/tools?tab=migrated&daterange=\n\nI click 'next' - same page.", "\n\nI click '73' - same page.", "\n\nA:\n\nThis should be fixed in the next build, thanks for the report.", "\n\n" ]

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[ "Q:\n\nPendingIntent null when trying to call it from a class\n\nIm bulding an alarm clock, and I got a pendingIntent that should snooze the alarm. ", "The same code worked great when it was in the Activity. ", "I change some things, and now its in a different class. ", "I get a nullpointerExecption. (", "The contractor gets the context from the activity.", "\nSnooze function:\npublic void settingNewIntentForSnooze() {\n PendingIntent alarmPendingIntent=null;\n Calendar calendar = Calendar.getInstance();\n // new alarm after the snooze.", "\n calendar.set(Calendar.", "MINUTE, calendar.get(Calendar.", "MINUTE) + snoozeTime);\n Intent snoozeIntent = new Intent(context, Alarm_Reciver.class);\n snoozeIntent.putExtra(\"click_status\", true);\n //add that to try to solve the problem...\n snoozeIntent.setAction(\"Snooze\");\n alarmPendingIntent = PendingIntent.getBroadcast(context, 0, snoozeIntent, alarmPendingIntent.", "FLAG_ONE_SHOT);\n //tells to phone to set the alarm\n alarm_manager.set(AlarmManager.", "RTC_WAKEUP, calendar.getTimeInMillis(), alarmPendingIntent);\n}\n\nAlarmPage activity(the code that creats the variable) :\nsnooze= new Snooze(this,alarm_manager);\n\nAlarmReciver:\npublic void onReceive(Context context, Intent intent) {\n Log.e(\"in alarm reciver\",\"in alarm reciver\");\n Intent service_intent= new Intent(context, RingtonePlayingService.class);//intent for the service ringtone playing\n boolean button_status = intent.getExtras().getBoolean(\"click_status\");\n service_intent.putExtra(\"click_status\", button_status);//passing button status\n context.startService(service_intent);//start the ringtone service\n}\n\nThe error:\n09-17 18:25:25.564 1563-1563/com.example.itay.newfrindlyalarm E/AndroidRuntime: FATAL EXCEPTION: main\n Process: com.example.itay.newfrindlyalarm, PID: 1563\n java.lang.", "NullPointerException: Attempt to invoke virtual method 'void android.app.", "AlarmManager.set(int, long, android.app.", "PendingIntent)' on a null object reference\n at com.example.itay.newfrindlyalarm.", "Snooze.settingNewIntentForSnooze(Snooze.java:60)\n at com.example.itay.newfrindlyalarm.", "Snooze.operate(Snooze.java:44)\n at com.example.itay.newfrindlyalarm.", "AlarmPage.operateSnooze(AlarmPage.java:88)\n at com.example.itay.newfrindlyalarm.", "AlarmPage$3.onClick(AlarmPage.java:68)\n at android.view.", "View.performClick(View.java:6256)\n at android.view.", "View$PerformClick.run(View.java:24697)\n at android.os.", "Handler.handleCallback(Handler.java:789)\n at android.os.", "Handler.dispatchMessage(Handler.java:98)\n at android.os.", "Looper.loop(Looper.java:164)\n at android.app.", "ActivityThread.main(ActivityThread.java:6541)\n at java.lang.reflect.", "Method.invoke(Native Method)\n at com.android.internal.os.", "Zygote$MethodAndArgsCaller.run(Zygote.java:240)\n at com.android.internal.os.", "ZygoteInit.main(ZygoteInit.java:767)\nenter code here\n\nA:\n\nJudging by the error message, is it possible that alarm_manager is null? ", "If you initialize AlarmManager properly, does the error go away?", "\n\n" ]

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[ "The present invention is directed to a fiber optic cable guide that allows a fiber optic cable to be bent up to ninety degrees or more without violating the minimum bend radius of the fiber optic cable. ", "Typically, a fiber optic cable that is terminated in a cabinet or other enclosure, especially when space is limited, is required to bend through about ninety degrees shortly after the termination point However, if appropriate care is not given the cable, the bending of the cable may violate the minimum bend radius of the optical fiber, causing attenuation and even breaking of the optical fiber in the cable. ", "Prior guides are available to prevent such bending and breakage, such as U.S. Pat. ", "No. ", "5,640,476, directed to a guide sleeve, U.S. Pat. ", "No. ", "5,347,603, directed to a right angle cable strain relief, and U.S. Pat. ", "No. ", "5,037,175, directed to a clip for dressing of fiber optic cables. ", "However, these devices have disadvantages including unsightliness, bulkiness that prevents their use in higher density applications, and a requirement for some that they be installed prior to the connectors being installed on the optical fiber. ", "Thus, there is a need for a smaller guide that can be easily installed on the fiber optic cable as or after it is installed in the enclosure. ", "Such features would allow the guide to be used when needed, are independent of the boot and connector combination, and also allow for use in higher density applications. ", "Thus, there is a need for a fiber optic cable guide that achieves these benefits." ]

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[ "Sustainability\n\nBeing environmentally sustainable is essential to Gustavus Adolphus College's commitment to its core values of excellence, justice, community, leadership, and faith. ", "Faith calls us to care for the environment which sustains our community. ", "We are not just if clean air and water are not available for all, nor are we leaders if we lead in the destruction the natural world and its life-sustaining functions. ", "And excellence is only possible when we can live, as Wendell Berry says, \"without destroying the sources of our life.\" ", "As a liberal arts institution, our values guide us as we face complex global environmental issues that require innovative and sophisticated solutions built on an understanding of science, social values and economic realities." ]

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[ "Mobile wireless communication devices continue to increase in popularity, leading to increasing numbers of users and to demands for more services and higher data rates. ", "In order to satisfy the needs of users and to improve service, providers of mobile wireless communication services continue to improve wireless access networks, as well as core networks, used to deliver services for users of mobile communication devices. ", "One aspect of such improvements may include the development of access networks based on newer standards, protocols, and/or technologies.", "\nWhile a service provider may update an access network in a particular geographic area to a new generation access network, by, for example, installing a new base station, other geographic areas may continue to be served by an older generation network. ", "A new generation access network may operate under different protocols, use different standards, or include different network nodes than an older generation network.", "\nA mobile communication device, referred to herein as user equipment (UE), may include a subscriber identity module (SIM), which may be used by an access network, and/or a core network, to identify a user of the UE. ", "In a hybrid network, which includes an older generation access network and a new generation access network, management of a SIM may prove to be particularly troublesome." ]

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[ "Soda spills, freezes on Reading road when rigs crash\n\nPolice say two tractor-trailers collided on U.S. Route 422 outside Reading, Pa., around 12:40 a.m. Tuesday. ", "The Reading Eagle reports (http://bit.ly/10mYCVv ) one of the trucks was carrying 2-liter bottles of soda.", "\n\nHundreds of gallons of sugary drink spilled onto the highway and froze in the frigid early morning temperatures. ", "Those slick conditions from the crash ended up shutting down the roadway in Exeter Township for more than five hours." ]

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[ "Future legislation in Japan and European countries may require an energy absorbent design for vehicle fender systems to help protect a pedestrian's head and body from impact with an automotive fender.", "\nTypically, a metal fender is attached to the body of vehicle through a rigid support member sometimes referred to as a shotgun or apron panel. ", "This rigid member, which extends lengthwise of the vehicle, is typically connected to the frame of the automobile and forms a horizontally disposed apron just under the hood for attachment of the fender. ", "A pair of rigid members is positioned on either side of the forward or engine compartment for attachment to respective fenders. ", "An L-shaped flange, which is formed as part of the fender, projects into the interior of the forward compartment and is attached to the apron of the rigid member. ", "U.S. Pat. ", "No. ", "6,547,316 to Chung describes a fender panel having impact absorption utilizing a bent part located under the hood which is attached between the flange of the fender and the apron of the support member. ", "U.S. Pat. ", "No. ", "6,554,341 to Lee relates to an impact absorption where the part between the flange of the fender and apron includes a pair of legs extending outwardly and downwardly from the fender flange to the apron of the support member. ", "The '316 patent indicates the intermediate bent part provides for the energy absorption in the event of a crash to a walker to decrease the degree of his or her injury.", "\nThe solutions for pedestrian protection set forth in the above patents rely on increasing the distance between the flange of the fender and the rigid support member and inserting a separate, relatively weak structure, between the flange of the fender and the rigid support member. ", "The separate weak structure is deformable under a relatively low force to enhance pedestrian protection. ", "Publications No.: ", "US2002/0060474A1 and US2003/0015890A1 are primarily directed to metal fenders which are inherently very stiff." ]

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[ "Q:\n\nWhat receives the output of the ALU?", "\n\nI know that the Arithmetic Logic Unit (ALU of a processor performs arithmetic (and bitwise) operations and the result is stored as the ALU's output - but what component, device or software is actually accessing/using the output of an ALU? ", "And is it valid to say that the ALU returns the result of an operations or would that be wrong?", "\n\nA:\n\nIt depends heavily on the processor design; however, broadly I'd say that, the ALU output from a requested operation is temporarily available, and depending on the instruction being executed:\n\nthe ALU output is captured to the accumulator, or \nto a particular register, or\neven sent to the data bus (e.g. for a memory write operation), or\nsent back to the ALU as input for another operation, or,\nsimply ignored! ", " \n\nRegarding the last, not all instructions make a request of the ALU — consider a branch instruction, perhaps, that has its own way of computing the new pc value not involving the ALU. ", " However, even when not in use, the ALU is still there and still has output lines, just that the capture/forwarding mechanism is configured to do nothing with the output.", "\n\nYes, so let's talk about a machine instruction that does ADD r3,r1,r2 where r1 & r2 are sources from the register file and r3 is a target in the register file. ", " \nRegister r3 will (at the one proper cycle when the ALU result is know to be read) be switched into a capture mode and the ALU output will be made available to the register file data lines. ", " By the next clock, the ALU output will have been captured into r3.", "\nIf the instruction had been \"LOAD r3, ...\" then the same capture enable would happen but the data bus value would be made available to the register file data lines instead of the ALU.", "\nLater if a STORE r3,... is executed, the value in r3 will be placed onto the data bus for the memory write.", "\n\nThe register file is \"ported\". ", " It can have multiple read and/or write ports. ", " Each port allows access to the register file in the same cycle. ", " So, two read ports and one write port would mean that two different registers can be read in the same cycle and that one can be written in that same cycle.", "\n\n" ]

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[ "List of The Young and the Restless characters (1970s)\n\nA list of notable characters from the CBS soap opera The Young and the Restless that significantly impacted storylines and debuted between March 1973 and December 1979.", "\n\nBrad Elliot\n\nBrad Elliot first appeared on March 26, 1973, and was portrayed by Tom Hallick until 1978.", "\n\nHistory \nThe very first episode of The Young and the Restless began with Brad Elliot being mugged, carjacked, and left for dead beside the highway. ", "A semi-truck driver picked him up and dropped him off in Genoa City, Wisconsin. ", "Stuart Brooks, owner of The Genoa City Chronicle watched Brad eat breakfast at Pierre's Restaurant, then admit that he was unable to pay the check, and offer to work it off. ", "Stuart paid the check for him, they spoke for a while, and Stuart gave Brad a job at his newspaper and an advance on his wages, suggesting he rent a room above the restaurant. ", "Brad did just that and became a friend and confidant to Sally McGuire, the waitress. ", "Brad went to work at the newspaper and discovered and destroyed a newswire that declared that Chicago doctor, Brad Eliot, had died in a car crash, his body burned beyond recognition. ", "Stuart's oldest daughter, Leslie Brooks, fell in love with Brad who encouraged her to come out of her shell and enjoy a very successful career as a concert pianist. ", "Leslie's 21-year-old sister, Lorie, who had always been jealous of Leslie because Stuart had spent so much time nurturing Leslie's talent, returned home from college in Paris, where she had led a wild life of sex, alcohol, and drugs. ", "Unable to spark any interest from Brad, Lorie started intercepting their letters and phone calls while Leslie was on tour. ", "Lorie managed to convince Brad that Leslie was no longer interested, and convinced Leslie that she had seduced Brad. ", "As the thought of Brad and Lorie making love haunted Leslie, she had a nervous breakdown, freezing at the piano during a concert in New York City. ", "After being led off stage by her mentor, Maestro Fautsch, Leslie wandered through Central Park, her purse was stolen, and she wound up institutionalized for weeks with no memory in a ward with a few other mentally disturbed women who taunted her mercilessly. ", "Eventually her doctor discovered who she was from a publicity photo and notified Stuart, who flew to New York and rescued Leslie.", "\n\nStuart and his wife Jennifer secretly supported Leslie through her recovery in a sanitarium near Genoa City. ", "Meanwhile, Lorie became engaged to Brad. ", "After months of therapy Leslie was released. ", "When Brad found out what Lorie had done, he broke up with Lorie, and he and Leslie got back together. ", "With Brad's encouragement, Leslie bought Pierre's Restaurant and turned it into The Allegro, a nightclub where she could perform without having to travel. ", "Stuart and Jennifer spent many evenings at Allegro, proud of their talented daughter who was also singing there. ", "Lorie had dug up Brad's past, and she exposed it once she was no longer in his life. ", "Brad had been a Chicago neurosurgeon/psychiatrist who had gone against hospital rules to operate on his own son who had died on the table. ", "Brad had been so distressed that he had left Chicago, leaving his practice, his parents, and his girl friend Barbara Anderson behind. ", "His wrecked and burned car had been found later with a body inside which had been burned beyond recognition, and he had been declared dead. ", "Leslie ended up healing Brad by getting him to talk to Barbara and other neurosurgeons who convinced him that he had done all anyone could have for their son, and that their son's death was not Brad's fault. ", "Leslie also arranged a reconciliation between Brad and his parents. ", "Brad and Leslie then married. ", "They honeymooned in Palm Springs where the Mid-America Symphony was performing. ", "Brad had gotten tickets and arranged a meeting with Maestro Fautsch, who talked Leslie into resuming her career as a concert pianist.", "\n\nWhile performing in Paris, Leslie ran into old friend Lance Prentiss, wealthy eligible bachelor and co-owner of Prentiss Industries, who lived in an estate not far from Genoa City on Lake Geneva. ", "Leslie would often spot Lance in the audience as she toured the world performing, and he would meet her afterward for dinner. ", "Lance finally revealed to Leslie that he was in love with her. ", "But although their marriage was occasionally rocky, Leslie demurred, saying that her heart belonged to Brad. ", "The kind and forgiving Leslie set Lance up with her younger sister, Lorie. ", "After being lavishly romanced by Lance with intimate dinners all around the country and the world, Lorie gave in to his charms. ", "Lance and Lorie were married on the spur of the moment during a trip to Lake Tahoe. ", "Later that year Brad discovered that he had chronic neuritis and was going blind. ", "Rather than let Leslie give up her career for him, he kept it a secret and made Leslie fall out of love with him, then asked her for a divorce. ", "But when Brad discovered that Leslie was pregnant, he told her the truth, learned to read Braille, and they agreed that Leslie would never give up her career for him. ", "After Brad accidentally hit Leslie in the stomach with a suitcase which caused her to miscarry, Brad filed for divorce and left town. ", "Brock Reynolds helped Leslie get over Brad and proposed with a ruby ring, but she gently told Brock that she wasn't ready. ", "Brad later returned, his eyesight restored by a risky operation, but Leslie rejected him, and he again left town.", "\n\nStuart Brooks\n\nAn original core character first appearing on March 26, 1973, Stuart Brooks was portrayed by Robert Colbert and is known for his marriages to Jill Foster and her mother, Liz. ", "He made his last appearance in 1983, and was said to have died off-screen in 1984.", "\n\nStuart ran the city newspaper, the Genoa City Chronicle, and was married to Jennifer Brooks, with whom he had four daughters. ", "The eldest, Leslie, an accomplished pianist, was very introverted and dateless due to music having consumed her entire life. ", "The second, college student Lorie, was studying in Paris, where she led a life of sex, alcohol, and drugs with Brock Reynolds, son of Stuart's old friend, Katherine Chancellor. ", "Third daughter, Chris, was a caring, thoughtful, and idealistic college student also working at the Chronicle with her father. ", "Red-headed Peggy, the youngest, was still in high school. ", "During the very first episode, Stuart helped drifter Brad Elliot, with whom Leslie ended up falling in love, get a job at the newspaper. ", "Upon learning that Snapper Foster was secretly having an affair with waitress Sally McGuire while publicly in a relationship with Chris, Stuart tried to break up them up however, Chris refused to believe her father and moved out. ", "Stuart was also busy helping Leslie through a mental breakdown thanks to Lorie's affair with Brad.", "\n\nLater, Bruce Henderson, a former lover of Jennifer, came back to town following a divorce hoping to reunite with her. ", "Jennifer hoped to leave Stuart but, his heart attack delayed her decision with them reconciling fully after Jennifer was diagnosed with breast cancer. ", "Upon Jennifer's passing, Stuart began getting close to Snapper Foster's mother, Liz. ", "She, however, resisted by claiming she was out of his class, leaving Stuart to be seduced by her daughter, Jill. ", "Tricking Stuart into believing he had gotten her pregnant, he and Jill married. ", "However, when the truth of Jill's fake pregnancy came to light, he promptly divorced her and turned back to Liz.", "\n\nLorie later released a book, 'In My Sister's Shadow,' all about her relationship with Leslie, causing Leslie another breakdown. ", "Stuart berated Lorie for its release. ", "Around the same time, Liz and Stuart finally got married and Peggy began working with Chronicle reporter Steven Williams to help expose the New World Commune, which had trapped Paul Williams and Nikki Reed. ", "Steven and Peggy were eventually engaged but, due to her being in an affair with Jack Abbott, she left him at the altar.", "\n\nDuring a happy marriage to Liz, Stuart was briefly entranced by his new secretary, Eve Howard, but her obsession with Victor Newman took precedence for her, with nothing ever happening between her and Stuart. ", "Stuart and Liz's happiness was not to last, however, as, by late fall, Snapper's ex-lover, Sally Roulland, returned wanting Snapper to perform a much needed operation on their illegitimate son, Chuckie. ", "For the first time in years, Snapper and Chris faced interference from Stuart, causing Liz to leave. ", "After another failed attempt at romance, this time with Gina Roma, Stuart slowly faded from view after Jill tried and failed to help him and Liz reconcile. ", "As editor of the Genoa City Chronicle, Stuart was involved in an attempt to prove that police officer Carl Williams had been framed by the mob. ", "While his four daughters returned for Victor and Nikki's wedding in 1984 and mentioned Stuart still being in town, he was later said to have died.", "\n\nChris Brooks Foster\n\nChristine \"Chris\" Brooks Foster first appeared in March 1973 as one of the daughters of newspaper owner Stuart and Jennifer Brooks. ", "Chris is best remembered for her romance and marriage to Dr. Snapper Foster. ", "She was portrayed by actress Trish Stewart until 1978 and then Lynn Topping from 1979 to 1982 before Stewart briefly appeared again in 1984.", "\n\nHistory \nAs 19-year-old college student Chris Brooks quickly began working at her father's newspaper, The Genoa City Chronicle. ", "She quickly began a romance with Snapper Foster, the son of Liz Foster. ", "Snapper's family was relatively poor in comparison to the Brooks family as Liz Foster was forced to work on the assembly line at Chancellor Industries while Snapper held a part-time job and was attending medical school all to support his family that also includes Greg and Jill Foster. ", "Snapper was against a relationship with Chris because of how busy he was and did not want to upset Chris. ", "Yet, Chris was determined and left home when Stuart tried to prove that Snapper was having an affair. ", "Chris began working alongside Greg Foster as a secretary, yet Greg fell for her. ", "When Chris learned that her father paid her salary, she quit, which also hurt Greg. ", "Afterwards, Chris was raped by George Curtis while job hunting. ", "The memory ended up hurting her romance with Snapper as memories haunted her. ", "Snapper ended up convincing Chris to press charges, which she eventually did, but he was set free. ", "Snapper even ended his affair to Sally McGuire and proposed to Chris to which she accepting. ", "However, Sally was pregnant and hoped to convince Snapper to marry her. ", "Yet, Liz talked Sally out of it with Snapper overhearing.", "\n\nChris and Snapper ended up marrying and quickly got pregnant. ", "Yet, she miscarried when she learned about Snapper's child with Sally and they briefly separated as Chris began working as a social worker with Greg again. ", "Chris was assigned to help Ron and Nancy Becker, and their young daughter Karen. ", "Chris' sister, Peggy, was raped, and Peggy identified her attacker as Ron. ", "Chris urged Peggy to file charges, Ron was arrested, but in a trial was found not guilty. ", "When Nancy discovered evidence that proved Ron was actually guilty, she became catatonic, and was committed to a mental hospital. ", "Since Chris was having trouble getting pregnant, and she wanted to save Karen from living with her rapist father, she and Snapper convinced Ron to give them custody of Karen. ", "But after Nancy recovered, Karen was returned to Nancy's custody. ", "Chris was so devastated that she separated from Snapper again and left town. ", "Months later, Chris returned to find that Snapper was involved with Dr. Casey Reed. ", "Chris forced Snapper to choose between them, and Casey ended up bowing out to save Snapper's marriage. ", "By 1977, Chris's mother Jennifer died and Stuart began seeing Snapper's mother Liz and they eventually married after Stuart ended his marriage to Jill Foster.", "\n\nBy 1981, Chris gave birth to Jennifer Elizabeth Brooks, and soon after, Snapper's former lover, Sally McGuire, re-entered Snapper's life with their son, Chuckie, who was seriously ill. ", "While Chuckie was hospitalized with a kidney problem, Sally realized that she was still attracted to Snapper, but Snapper was adamant that she move on with her life. ", "When Chuckie was cured, Snapper shared an emotional goodbye with both Sally and Chuckie as they returned home with Sally's fiancée, Stan. ", "Snapper ended up accepting a fellowship teaching and research opportunity in London. ", "Yet, Chris, who was now a model at Jabot Cosmetics, was opposed to moving there. ", "Eventually, Chris moved there with Jennifer, later joined by her mother-in-law and step-mother, Liz. ", "During their stay in London, Chris's father Stuart ended up dying. ", "In 1984, Chris briefly returned to Genoa City along with her sisters Peggy, Leslie, and Lorie to attend the wedding of business tycoon Victor Newman and Nikki Reed, the younger sister of Casey Reed.", "\n\nLeslie Brooks\n\nLeslie Brooks (formerly Elliot and Prentiss) first appeared in March 1973 as one of the daughters of newspaper owner Stuart and Jennifer Brooks. ", "Leslie is best remembered for the love triangle between her, Brad Elliot, and her sister Lorie Brooks, as well as her relationships with Lucas and Lance Prentiss. ", "She was portrayed by actress Janice Lynde until 1977, and then by Victoria Mallory from 1977 through 1982 and again briefly in 1984. ", "In February 2018, it was reported that Lynde would be returning as Leslie to commemorate with the show's 45th anniversary.", "\n \nHistory \nLeslie was in her mid-twenties when her father, Stuart, befriended a penniless drifter named Brad Elliot and gave him a job at The Genoa City Chronicle, of which Stuart was the owner and publisher. ", "Leslie fell in love with Brad who encouraged her to come out of her shell and enjoy a very successful career as a concert pianist. ", "Leslie's 21-year-old sister, Lorie, had always been jealous of Leslie. ", "Unable to spark any interest from Brad, Lorie started intercepting their letters and phone calls while Leslie was on tour. ", "Lorie managed to convince Brad that Leslie was no longer interested, and convinced Leslie that she had seduced Brad. ", "As the thought of Brad and Lorie making love haunted Leslie, she had a nervous breakdown, freezing at the piano during a concert in New York City. ", "After being led off stage by her mentor, Maestro Fautsch, Leslie wandered through Central Park, her purse was stolen, and she wound up institutionalized for weeks with no memory in a ward with a few other mentally disturbed women who taunted her mercilessly. ", "Eventually her doctor discovered who she was from a publicity photo and notified Stuart, who flew to New York and rescued Leslie. ", "While away, Lorie became engaged to Brad, but when he found out what Lorie had done, he broke up with Lorie, and he and Leslie got back together. ", "Lorie quit her job at the Chronicle and published her first book, which Stuart editorialized as \"a disgusting piece of trash\". ", "With Brad's encouragement, Leslie bought Pierre's Restaurant and turned it into The Allegro, a nightclub where she could perform without having to travel.", "\n\nLorie had dug up Brad's past, and she exposed it once she was no longer in his life. ", "Brad had been a Chicago neurosurgeon/psychiatrist who had gone against hospital rules to operate on his own son who had died on the table. ", "Brad had been so distressed that he had left Chicago, leaving his practice, his parents, and his girlfriend Barbara Anderson behind. ", "His wrecked and burned car had been found later with a body inside which had been burned beyond recognition, and he had been declared dead. ", "Leslie ended up healing Brad by getting him to talk to Barbara and other neurosurgeons who convinced him that he had done all anyone could have for their son, and that their son's death was not Brad's fault. ", "Leslie also arranged a reconciliation between Brad and his parents. ", "Brad and Leslie then married. ", "They honeymooned in Palm Springs where the Mid-America Symphony was performing. ", "Brad had gotten tickets and arranged a meeting with Maestro Fautsch, who talked Leslie into resuming her career as a concert pianist. ", "While performing in Paris, Leslie ran into an old friend Lance Prentiss, a wealthy eligible bachelor and co-owner of Prentiss Industries. ", "Lance would follow Leslie across the world as she performed and he eventually confessed his love for her. ", "Despite his intentions, Leslie claimed her love was for Brad, and helped to set Lance up to her sister Lorie. ", "Soon after, Brad discovered that he had chronic neuritis and was going blind. ", "Rather than let Leslie give up her career for him, he kept it a secret and made Leslie fall out of love with him, then asked her for a divorce. ", "But when Brad discovered that Leslie was pregnant, he told her the truth, learned to read Braille, and they agreed that Leslie would never give up her career for him. ", "After Brad accidentally hit Leslie in the stomach with a suitcase which caused her to miscarry, Brad filed for divorce and left town. ", "Brock Reynolds helped Leslie get over Brad and proposed, but Leslie claimed she wasn't ready yet. ", "Brad later returned, with his eyesight restored by a risky operation, but Leslie rejected him, and he again left town by 1978.", "\n\nThen, Lance's mother Vanessa Prentiss informed Leslie that she much preferred her to be with Lance rather than Lorie, but Leslie defended her by suggesting that Lorie didn't release her book In My Sister's Shadow about their relationship. ", "Yet, Lorie ended up releasing the book, which caused her to have another nervous breakdown when reporters confronted her about it. ", "When Lance learned about its release, he was disgusted with Lorie and ran to comfort Leslie. ", "Although Leslie convinced Lance to return to Lorie, Leslie ended up pregnant with Lance's child. ", "When confiding to Lance's brother Lucas, who had also fallen for Leslie, he eventually proposed, and they were married. ", "Leslie and Lucas also agreed not to tell Lance the truth about the son, Brooks Lucas Prentiss. ", "Vanessa, hoping to destroy Lorie and Lance's marriage, made Lucas president of Prentiss Industries. ", "Lance tried to tempt Lucas away with a position in Paris, but he refused. ", "Lance visited Leslie on tour, and Lucas caught them. ", "Fearing he was going to lose Leslie, Lucas rescinded his offer of the Paris position, which Lance had eventually accepted, and instead offered him a position in their dangerous Santo Domingo office. ", "Leslie and Lucas' marriage was strained by then, though, and they were divorced by 1981. ", "Lance invited Leslie to live with him and Lorie, but after Lorie learned that Brooks was actually Lance's son, Leslie suffered another mental breakdown. ", "She left town, and while wandering around with amnesia, ended up having a romance with Jonas, the owner of a local bar, as she claimed her name was Priscilla. ", "Lucas and Jonas ended up meeting when both went off to fight the dictator of San Leandro. ", "Lucas discovered \"Priscilla\" as a stowaway on the jet, but Leslie didn’t recognize him, and it was obvious that she was in love with Jonas. ", "After their successful adventure, they all returned to Genoa City. \"", "Priscilla\" met Lorie, but did not recognize her either. ", "Lorie and Lucas told Leslie who she was and who they were, but Leslie became confused and overwhelmed. ", "Lorie worried that Leslie would soon regain her memory and demand custody of Brooks. ", "But Leslie explained that she couldn't be a proper mother to a child she did not remember, and she gave full custody of Brooks to Lorie.", "\n\nLeslie ended up rediscovering her talents as a pianist and decided to stay in Genoa City as Jonas also agreed to stay. ", "After falling and hitting her head, Leslie regained her memory and recalled her love for Lance and that he was the father of her son. ", "Leslie filed for custody of Brooks, but lost him to Lorie because she was the only mother he had ever known. ", "Vanessa suggested Leslie tell Lance that he was the father of Brooks, so she, Lance and Brooks could be together. ", "But in the end, when Lance discovered that Brooks was his son, he rejected both Lorie and Leslie for keeping it from him. ", "And when Brooks refused to have anything to do with Lance, he returned to Paris alone. ", "Leslie then became involved with Attorney Robert Laurence, and they made plans to marry. ", "But when Robert's ex-wife Claire, who was institutionalized, was given a drug that finally worked that brought her back to reality, Robert returned to her to try to rebuild their family with their daughter Angela. ", "Leslie went back to touring in Europe, and was seen again when she and her sisters returned to Genoa City to attend the wedding of Victor Newman and Nikki Reed in 1984. ", " Leslie briefly returned for the soap's March 27, 2018 episode.", "\n\nLiz Foster\n\nElizabeth \"Liz\" Foster Brooks is an original character to The Young and the Restless; she was known for her marriages to William Foster and Stuart Brooks and was one of the show's two original matriarchs. ", "She was portrayed by actress Julianna McCarthy on and off for 37 years until her death onscreen on June 18, 2010. ", "Until her initial departure in 1985, McCarthy was the show's longest running cast member although she hadn't been on contract in some time.", "\n\nHistory\nElizabeth Foster was an assembly line laborer at Chancellor Industries, and the mother to William \"Snapper\" Foster and Greg Foster. ", "She is also the adoptive mother of Jill Foster Abbott although this wasn't made known to viewers until several decades into the series. ", "Liz dated a man named Sam Powers until her long-departed husband, Bill Foster, returned. ", "She was married to Bill, and then he walked out on her and their children in the late 1960s, only to return in 1975 with ailing health, unbeknownst to the Fosters. ", "During the first year of the show, Liz's family history was explored. ", "Her brother, Dr. Bruce Henderson, appeared briefly as Jennifer Brooks' former lover who turned out to be Laurie Brook's biological father. ", "Liz blamed Bruce for neglecting their aging mother, Mrs. Henderson (Dorothy Adams) who lived on the family farm, struggling for years only with help from Liz who was having a difficult enough time supporting herself and her children. ", "Bruce had chosen to leave the Genoa City area years before to pursue a medical career, only returning when Jennifer and her husband Stuart were separated. ", "While Laurie Brooks liked Liz, she never acknowledged that Bruce was her father, blaming her mother for stealing her birthright and her man, having fallen in love with Bruce's son, Mark.", "\n\nSnapper slept with a woman named Sally McGuire, and later started dating another woman named Chris Brooks. ", "Sally found out that she was pregnant, while Snapper and Chris were going to get married. ", "Sally was also married to Pierre Roulland. ", "She and Snapper kept the baby's paternity hidden; in reality, Snapper was the baby's father, and not Pierre. ", "Sally gave birth to a son, Pierre Charles \"Chuckie\" Roulland, and everyone was led to believe that Pierre was his father. ", "Thus, Liz's first grandson was born.", "\n\nIn 1976, Liz suffered a stroke and lost her memory temporarily after she pulled Bill's life support. ", "Snapper took the fall for Liz, who had no memory of what happened. ", "Eventually, Liz regained her memory of the incident. ", "Liz began dating and later married Stuart Brooks, who also had an affair with Jill. ", "Jill faked a pregnancy in order for Stuart to marry her; in reality, she was not pregnant and was only after his money. ", "Stuart planned to marry Jill, although he loved Liz, until Jill fell down a flight of stairs and \"miscarried.\" ", "Stuart found out that he had been conned, and he and Liz soon married. ", "During that time, she became an employee and close friend of Katherine Chancellor, despite Jill's ongoing feud with her. ", "In 1979, Liz was shot when her politically ambitious son, Greg, became involved with a ruthless men attempting to influence Greg's campaign. ", "She recovered and settled into her new marriage to Stuart, becoming a beloved step-mother to his four daughters, one of whom was her own daughter-in-law, Chris.", "\n\nWhen Stuart and Liz attended a London concert of his daughter, Leslie's, Katherine stepped in to help when the simple Liz felt out of place amongst London's elite. ", "Earlier, Stuart's glamorous secretary, Eve Howard, Jill's new roommate, had helped Liz throw a lavish cocktail party in his honor. ", "In 1982, Liz left Stuart after his attitude towards Snapper got harsher upon the return of Sally Roulland and Chuckie, her son by Snapper. ", "The same year, most of the Brooks and Foster families were written out with Snapper moving to London. ", "Liz was off-screen for a short time but was back to aid Jill in her quest to win back old boyfriend, John Abbott, whom Liz liked very much. ", "Stuart faded out of the story in 1983 after using his newspaper to help clear police detective Carl Williams of being a crooked cop. ", "He died off screen in 1984 after efforts from Liz's friends and even Jill failed to reconcile them.", "\n\nWhen Jill married John Abbott, Liz attended the wedding and befriended Jill's step-daughter, Tracy. ", "Liz was also there for Katherine when she had her face lift. ", "Liz helped Katherine mourn for Nikki (Liz's former daughter-in-law) when they falsely believed that Nikki had been killed while on vacation with psychotic Rick Darros but, Nikki was very much alive, and Liz was a guest at Nikki and Victor Newman's wedding where Stuart Brook's former secretary, Eve, tried to kill the bride. ", "Detective Carl Williams became suspicious when Jill reported her jewelry stolen and a pawnbroker identified Liz as the seller. ", "It turned out that Jill was being blackmailed for a fling she had with Jack Abbott and asked Liz to pawn the jewelry for her. ", "After this, Liz decided to move to England to be near Snapper. ", "She visited Genoa City in 1986 along with Jill's son, Phillip Chancellor III, upon learning about Jill's shooting. ", "Liz visited town again in 1993 when Jill gave birth to Billy Abbott after Katherine discovered that Jill hadn't even notified her mother about being pregnant.", "\n\nIn 2003, Liz came back to Genoa City and informed Jill that she needed emergency surgery for a brain tumor. ", "She revealed to Jill that she was adopted. ", "Liz only knew that her first husband, William, brought her home in a baby blanket one day. ", "However, Liz had recently received information that a woman named Charlotte Ramsey had proof that her biological mother was actually Katherine. ", "Liz's surgery was successful and she remained in town for her recovery, returning to London the following year. ", "However, in 2009, it was revealed that Katherine was not Jill's mother after all. ", "Liz came back in 2008 when Katharine was believed to have died in a car accident.", "\n\nLiz returned in June, 2010, in ill health with sons, Snapper and Greg, and some news for Jill about her birth parents. ", "On June 18, 2010, Liz died onscreen due to a condition that had gone too far without being treated. ", "Liz told Snapper on her deathbed about Jill's true parentage, and she made him promise not to tell Jill, but he told her anyway.", "\n\nPhillip Chancellor II\n\nPhillip Robert Chancellor II first appeared in November 1973 along with Katherine Chancellor (Jeanne Cooper). ", "He was first portrayed by John Considine until 1974, and was then notably portrayed by Donnelly Rhodes until his death onscreen on August 15, 1975. ", "Rhodes portrayed him again in newly recorded voice, and for the last time, on an episode that aired on July 21, 1998 while character Jill was at his graveside celebrating his birthday, imagining what life would have been like if he had lived.", "\n\nHistory\n“The history of the Chancellor family is deeply rooted in the history of Genoa City, which was founded by Civil War hero Garfield Dandridge Chancellor. ", "In 1973 Garfield’s great-great-grandson, Phillip Chancellor II, was running Chancellor Industries. ", "He resided in the Chancellor mansion with his alcoholic and promiscuous wife Katherine (Kay)\". ", " Phillip is born on June 19, 1928. ", "He attends college with Gary Reynolds and the two become friends. ", "In November 1973, wealthy Phillip first appeared in the series as the husband of Katherine Chancellor, Gary's widow, his wife of twelve years. ", "Phillip and Kay's marriage was strained due to Kay's bad habits of infidelity, smoking and alcohol addiction. ", "He tried to help Kay with her vices, but he wound up starting an affair of his own with Kay's new paid companion, Jill Foster, and the two fell in love. ", "After declaring their love for one another, Phillip made plans to end his marriage to Kay and to marry Jill. ", "Later, Phillip and Jill conceived a child together, and he officially left Kay to be with Jill. ", "Phillip served an upset Kay with divorce papers, and then he left for the Dominican Republic where he got the divorce granted before returning to Genoa City.", "\n\nKatherine picked him up from the airport and gave him a ride home, and she begged him for a second chance. ", "Phillip refused, and an angry Kay sped up and drove off a cliff in an attempt to kill them both. ", "Phillip survived the crash long enough to marry Jill on his deathbed. ", "Phillip was buried on the Chancellor estate property in the backyard. ", "Jill later gave birth to his son and his only child, Phillip Chancellor III.", "\n\nLorie Brooks\n\nLauralee \"Lorie\" Brooks (formerly Prentiss and Hollister) first appeared in December 1973 as the daughter of Stuart Brooks. ", "She was portrayed by actress Jaime Lyn Bauer until 1982, with reappearances in 1984 and 2002. ", " In February 2018, it was reported that Bauer would be returning as Lorie to commemorate with the show's 45th anniversary.", "\n\nHistory \nLorie arrived in Genoa City from Europe in December 1973. ", "Lorie was jealous of her older sister, concert pianist, Leslie Brooks, who she felt got all the attention from her parents. ", "Determined to make her life miserable, Lorie found out that Leslie had a budding romance with new man in town Brad Elliot and schemed to get him for herself. ", "When the plan worked, Leslie had a nervous breakdown and ended up in hospital. ", "She eventually accused Lorie of causing her breakdown. ", "Brad then dumped Lorie and married Leslie. ", "After losing Brad, Lorie dated her publicist Jed Andrews. ", "When she discovered he was married she pushed him away and helped him reconcile with his wife. ", "Lorie then began a romance with medical intern Mark Henderson, the romance was serious and they became engaged. ", "Mark was the son of Bruce Henderson. ", "Little did anyone know that Lorie was the result of an affair Bruce and Lorie's mother Jennifer had years before. ", "When Jennifer admitted the truth Lorie and Mark split and Mark left town. ", "At the same time Lorie decided to write a thinly disguised autobiography about her life about being in her sister Leslie's shadow, which included details about Leslie's breakdown. ", "She eventually shelved the book when she and Leslie became close. ", "After Leslie became friends with a very wealthy fan of hers, Lance Prentiss, who ran his mother's company, Prentiss Industries, she pushed Lorie to date him. ", "Although the pair traded barbs they also fell in love, though Lorie knew she was second choice. ", "She also had to contend with Lance's mother Vanessa, a recluse, scarred in a house fire while saving Lance, his guilt making him indebted to her. ", "Lorie managed to hold her own and ended up marrying Lance.", "\n\nHowever, the news of their marriage made Vanessa furious, and she tried to shoot Lorie but hit Lance instead. ", "Later, Lorie found Lance's brother Lucas and returned him to Genoa City. ", "Vanessa was grateful to Lorie and the pair began to get along, until Lorie accused Vanessa of faking her injuries to hold onto Lance. ", "Furious with Lorie, Vanessa found a copy of Lorie's unpublished book and paid someone to publish and distribute it. ", "The book caused a scandal and Leslie refused to perform in public again. ", "Lance rushed to comfort Leslie and they made love, and Leslie became pregnant with his child. ", "When Lucas found out he married Leslie and the pair moved to Europe so as not to raise suspicion. ", "When Leslie returned to Genoa City for family reasons, Vanessa took the opportunity to make sure Lorie saw her sister naked in the shower, Lorie soon realized Leslie was too far along to be pregnant by Lucas and she confronted her sister who admitted the truth. ", "Leslie rushed back to Europe with Lucas and had her son, Brooks Prentiss. ", "Shortly after, Leslie's marriage to Lucas fell apart and she moved in with Lance and Lorie. ", "Lorie was extremely unhappy with her sister living in her home and after a confrontation Leslie tried to kill herself. ", "The stress caused another breakdown and she went missing. ", "Meanwhile, Vanessa stripped Lance of all duties at Prentiss Industries and put Lucas in charge in the hopes of once again destroying Lance and Lorie's marriage.", "\n \nLance fell into a depression and began gambling. ", "Lorie begged Vanessa to reinstate Lance, Vanessa agreed, on the condition that Lorie divorce Lance. ", "At the same time Lucas decided he wasn't meant for the boardroom and handed back responsibility of Prentiss to Lance. ", "Vanessa managed to keep this a secret from Lorie and made her think Lance's return to the company was because of her. ", "She pushed Lorie to divorce Lance and flew her to Haiti for a quickie divorce. ", "Lance assumed now that he had his life back on track, he and Lorie would reconcile, and was stunned when he discovered Lorie went through with the divorce. ", "Heartbroken, Lance fled to Paris. ", "Making only a brief return a few months later to visit Lucas in the hospital after he was shot. ", "Meanwhile, Lucas had found Leslie who had amnesia and eventually brought her back to Genoa City. ", "That same year Victor Newman took an interest in Lorie and the pair began a mild flirtation but it ended in friendship. ", "The following year Lance returned to Genoa City, around the same time Leslie regained her memory and fought Lorie for custody of Brooks, though Lorie won. ", "Meanwhile, Victor began buying shares of Prentiss Industries. ", "He just needed Lorie's to secure control, but Lorie and Lance reconciled and she refused to sell. ", "Meanwhile, Vanessa discovered she was dying and determined to rid Lorie from Lance's life for good, Vanessa jumped off the balcony of Lorie's penthouse and framed her for murder. ", "Lucas believed Lorie guilty, while Lance thought her innocent and even proposed, though soon after seeing all the evidence against her, Lance walked out on her. ", "Lorie took solace in the arms of her lawyer Robert Laurence, while Victor, disgusted by Lance's actions, vowed to take control of Prentiss. ", "Lance began to realise Lorie was innocent and worked to help her, though it was revealed during the trial that Lance is Brooks father, Lance once again turned his back on Lorie, until Brooks reveals information about Vanessa that led to proving Lorie innocent. ", "Meanwhile, Victor managed to gain control of Prentiss through Lorie. ", "Lance realising he can never be a father to his son and unable to truly forgive Lorie, left town. ", "Regretting her decision to give Victor control of Prentiss, Lorie began a romance with Victor and under the guise of writing a novel about him gained access to business files which allowed her to return control of Prentiss to Lance. ", "Though she was to marry Victor, she left town and a heartbroken Victor behind.", "\n\nLorie, remarried to Lance, returned to town on invitation from Victor for his wedding to Nikki Reed in 1984. ", "The pair mended old wounds, and Lorie reunited with her sisters for the big event, leaving again shortly after. ", "She returned again in 2002, this time determined to keep Nikki and Victor from remarrying. ", "Her soon to be ex-husband, Max Hollister, had business dealings with Victor and an interest in getting revenge and stealing Nikki away. ", "He convinced Lorie to seduce Victor and have cameras watching so he could show the whole thing to Nikki. ", "The plan backfired when Lorie felt compassion for Victor and refused to go through with the plan. ", "She left town again soon afterward.", "\n\nBrock Reynolds\n\nBrock Reynolds first appeared in 1974 as the son of Katherine Chancellor and her first husband, Gary Reynolds, portrayed by Beau Kazer. ", "Appearing sporadically until 1992, Kazer then made recurring appearances from 1999 to 2003, and then in 2004, 2008, 2009, 2010, 2011, and 2013\n\nHistory\nBrock Reynolds is the son of Katherine Chancellor and her first husband Gary Reynolds. ", "After his father's death and the failings of Katherine's new marriage with Phillip Chancellor II, Brock became quite rebellious with women and drugs. ", "Eventually, Brock ran off to Europe with his friend Lorie Brooks, the daughter of newspaper mogul Stuart Brooks. ", "Once Brock returned to Genoa City in 1974, he tried to make peace with his mother as he had found religion in his life and become a minister. ", "Katherine, however, had become an alcoholic and heavy smoker, and was now losing her husband to her paid companion Jill Foster. ", "Kay talked Brock into marrying Jill, but Jill quickly learned she was pregnant with Phillip's child. ", "Brock allowed Jill to back out given that their marriage wasn't even legal. ", "Later, Katherine and Phillip got into a car accident after he refused to give her another chance. ", "Kay then decided to buy Jill's baby, but Brock talked Kay out of it. ", "Over the next several years, Brock developed relationships with Casey Reed and Leslie Brooks, whom he even proposed to, but she claimed that she was not ready following her divorce from Brad Elliot. ", "Brock had also earned a law degree and was able to represent Snapper Foster, and helped Snapper and his wife Chris Brooks Foster in a custody dispute.", "\n\nBy 1980, Katherine brought Victor Newman to Genoa City to help with running Chancellor Industries, bringing his young wife Julia Newman along. ", "Julia, longing for something to do, ended up building a close friendship with Brock, and things nearly turned romantic. ", "However, Brock and Julia never had a sexual relationship, despite Victor's fears that it was. ", "Out of jealousy, Victor had an affair with his secretary, Eve Howard. ", "Julia admitted she was falling in love with Brock, but they were not lovers, and she agreed to break if off if Victor would commit completely to their marriage. ", "But Victor was not persuaded and turned to Brock's old friend Lorie Brooks for attention. ", "Brock caught Victor and Lorie kissing, so he tried to resume his romance with Julia, but he finally left town because of Julia's inability to end her marriage to Victor. ", "Thinking it would convince Victor of her love for him, Julia told him that she wanted to have a baby. ", "Victor responded by having a vasectomy without telling her. ", "In the end, Julia ending up having an affair and Victor's extreme response caused their divorce in 1981.", "\n\nBy 1984, Victor married Nikki Reed and Brock was invited to return. ", "Brock had returned just before then helping Kay recover from her face-lift. ", "Brock ended up staying around to cool the tensions as Kay and Jill's rivalry reached another breaking point with Kay's attempt to destroy Jill's marriage to John Abbott. ", "By 1988, Kay married Rex Sterling, a bum who had spent some time in prison that Jill hired and cleaned up to trick Kay. ", "His former cellmate Clint Radison finds Marge Cotrooke, a diner waitress and realizes that she looks the same as Katherine. ", "He decides to use her in his plan to replace Kay with Marge and get to her fortune. ", "His friends get jobs at the Chancellor Mansion, while Marge is taught to act like Kay. ", "Kay Chancellor and her housekeeper Esther Valentine are held captive while Marge replaces Kay. ", "Marge immediately changes things from Katherine's life, starting from unintentionally pushing Rex away into the arms of Jill Abbott, to selling Chancellor Industries. ", "When Brock returns from India, he realizes that someone has replaced Kay. ", "Marge later helps Kay catch Clint and his friends and get them in jail, before returning to her life as a waitress.", "\n\nOn the verge of losing her life in 1999, Kay befriended a teenager at a homeless shelter named Mackenzie Browning, who coincidentally ended up being Brock's daughter with Amanda Browning, a woman that Brock had a relationship with in India years ago. ", "Kay decided to inform Brock of the baby he never knew he had. ", "Brock and Mackenzie built a father-daughter relationship and lived with Kay. ", "Brock eventually left town again to work in India, but reappeared in town from time to time. ", "He was involved in the intervention that Kay's close friends held to make her stop drinking. ", "He eventually relocated to New Orleans to assist in cleanup following Hurricane Katrina.", "\n\nIn 2008, Brock returned to Genoa City to deliver the eulogy at Kay's \"funeral\". ", "When Kay's will was read, Brock learned that he got one percent of a billion-dollar estate to continue his charity work and was named chairman of the Chancellor Foundation. ", "However, it was Marge, Kay's look-alike who had died so Brock returned again in April 2009 to take a DNA test to confirm his mother's identity. ", "He comes back to Genoa City to take another DNA test with Tucker claiming to be Katherine's son and asked Mac if she was willing to carry Lily and Cane's twins and if she would help raise them if Lily did not make it. ", "Brock continues to make periodical visits to Genoa City.", "\n\nOn August 1, 2013, Katherine Chancellor died in Hong Kong after a three-month-long vacation around the world as she completed her \"bucket list\". ", "On September 3, Brock returned to Genoa City for his mother's memorial service.", "\n\nPhillip Chancellor III\n\nPhillip Chancellor III first appeared in 1976, born onscreen as the son of Phillip Chancellor II and Jill Foster. ", "The role was most notably portrayed by Thom Bierdz, who made his first appearance on May 13, 1986. ", "He remained for three years until the character was believed to have died. ", "In 2009, Bierdz was rehired by the soap opera, who kept secrecy around a plot twist that would reveal Phillip to be alive by sneaking Bierdz in to tape scenes and asked that he not tell anyone of his return. ", "Bierdz remained on a recurring status through May 2011.", "\n\nHistory\nPhillip III is the son of Jill Foster and the late Phillip Chancellor II. ", "He was born onscreen in December 1975 and appeared as a toddler by 1978. ", "In 1982, Jill began seeing John Abbott and introduced Phillip to John, making both John and Phillip uncomfortable around each other. ", "Later that year, Phillip acted out, forcing Jill to send him to boarding school. ", "In the following year at Christmas time, on behalf of her mother, Liz Foster, Jill called Phillip at boarding school; he told her he did not want to spend the holidays with her.", "\n\nIn 1986, the character is SORASed to age 16, and he returns to town after Jill is shot. ", "After Jill recovered, Phillip stayed in town but was resentful about the lack of time Jill spent with him while he grew up. ", "Eventually, Katherine and Jill fought over Phillip as he moved into the Chancellor Estate and Katherine even tried to adopt him. ", "Phillip even changed his name from Phillip Foster to Phillip Chancellor. ", "Yet, Phillip began drinking heavily and became the center of a love triangle between best friends Christine Blair and Nina Webster. ", "After seducing him while he was drunk, Nina became pregnant with Phillip's son and gives birth to Phillip \"Chance\" Chancellor IV in late March 1988. ", "Phillip marries Nina in April 1989 despite struggling with being a father, husband, and living up to Jill and Katherine's expectations which leads to him becoming dependent on alcohol. ", "After a drunken car accident, Phillip \"dies\" on May 26, 1989, from his injuries.", "\n\nIn 2009, Phillip III returned, revealing he staged his death because of all the stress in his life and to keep his homosexuality secret. ", "During his absence, Phillip sent his friend, Cane Ashby, to Genoa City as a replacement son of sorts for his mother and to fill the void he left behind for his family. ", "When their ruse was discovered, Phillip attempted to form a relationship with his son, Chance, but decided to return to Australia shortly after. ", "In September 2010, Phillip's son, Chance, was accidentally shot \"dead\" by his maternal half-brother, Ronan Malloy. ", "Chance was pronounced dead at the scene. ", "On September 17, 2010, it was revealed that Chance faked his death. ", "Only Nina, Phillip, Ronan, Katherine and Christine must know that he was still \"alive\", as he was going into the Witness Protection Program. ", "Phillip then left to go back home to Australia after Chance left to go into the Witness Protection Program. ", "In May 2012, Jill temporarily moved to Australia to help Phillip recover after knee surgery.", "\n\nVanessa Prentiss\n\nVanessa Prentiss first appeared in August 1976 and was portrayed by K.T. Stevens. ", "She would later become widely known for being an archenemy of Lorie Brooks. ", "In 1981, Stevens departed from the role when the character committed suicide to frame Lorie for her murder.", "\n\nHistory\nVanessa was the mother of Lance and Lucas Prentiss. ", "During the first year she was introduced, the lower part of her face was concealed with a veil because of a scar she received in about 1972 while rescuing Lance from a fire, which was accidentally caused by Lucas, who ran off after feeling guilty over the accident. ", "Embarrassed by her condition, Vanessa never ventured into public. ", "Vanessa was strongly against Lance's relationship with Lorie Brooks, whom she immediately took a disliking to upon their first meeting as she wanted Lance to pursue Lorie's sister Leslie, who met Lance first when on vacation in Paris. ", "Vanessa then began her long tenure of conspiring to get Lorie out of Lance's life in order to get Lance and Leslie together. ", "Pressured by Lorie to have cosmetic surgery, a resentful Vanessa unveiled her scars to Lorie. ", "Vanessa later bought a revolver and planned to get even with Lorie after getting her to take off her veil revealing her scar. ", "Unaware that Vanessa was out to get her, Lorie convinced Vanessa to consult a plastic surgeon. ", "After the death of Lorie's mother Jennifer, she started feeling closer to Vanessa and set out to find Vanessa's son, Lucas. ", "After Lorie found Lucas and brought him to Genoa City, Vanessa was astonished to her son for the first time in years and vetoed his plan to leave town. ", "Vanessa was grateful to Lorie for bringing Lucas back into her life. ", "Persuaded by Lucas, Vanessa underwent successful surgery for her scars. ", "Vanessa was later shocked to learn that Lucas had married Leslie. ", "After it was learned that Vanessa's disfiguring scars were a thing of the past, she went out in public for the first time without the veil.", "\n\nAfter feeling miffed that Lance always seemed to side with Lorie, Vanessa plotted to shift their family company, Prentiss Industries, into Lucas' control, unbeknownst to Lance, and she later followed through with her plan. ", "Lance was disappointed when Vanessa oust him as the company boss while Vanessa told Lorie she would not put Lance back in charge unless Lorie divorced him, which put a series of pressures on Lorie after Lance began spinning out of control. ", "Lorie finally gave into Vanessa's demands by straining her marriage to Lance, which led to Lance leaving town.", "\n\nIn 1981, Vanessa learned she had two months to live after being diagnosed with a terminal illness and she kept quiet about it. ", "After learning she had a short time to live, Vanessa, who had kept mum for over two years about Lance being the father of Leslie's baby, wrote in a journal that Lance has a son. ", "When Lance returned to town with his fiancée, he later ended his engagement and resumed his romance with Lorie. ", "Vanessa then plotted to shove Lorie down a stairway, but changed her plan and made Lance back down from Lorie after lying that Lorie was still involved with Lucas. ", "Vanessa applauded when Lance turned to Leslie. ", "As Vanessa's illness deteriorated, she still plotted against Lorie and then forged a venomous letter to herself signing Lorie's name to it. ", "Vanessa later plunged to her death off a balcony after staging a fight with Lorie.", "\n\nDerek Thurston\n\nDerek Thurston first appeared in 1976 and was first portrayed by both Caleb Stoddard and Jeff Cooper, who had brief stints on the series before Joe Ladue took over the role in 1977. ", "The character was then married to Katherine Chancellor and romanced Jill Foster. ", "Ladue departed from the role in 1981 but returned for a special guest appearance on April 13, 1984.", "\n\nHistory\nDerek was a hairdresser tricked into marrying Katherine Chancellor by Kay herself after Kay had fallen in love with him. ", "Derek was actually attracted to Kay's sworn enemy, Jill Foster Abbott, but he decided to go along with Katherine because he knew he would gain wealth if he lived with her for a year and could then set up his own salon. ", "However, Derek's past in organized crime came back to haunt him when the mob tried to shoot him, but accidentally shot Katherine, who was left paralyzed. ", "Even after she recovered, Kay used her health as a way to hold onto Derek. ", "Derek's life took another strange turn when his ex-wife, Suzanne Lynch, came to town prepared to do anything to win Derek back. ", "By lacing candy with drugs, she attempted to drive Kay to insanity but it backfired when it appeared Kay had been killed by the candy and Derek, free of both his wives, inherited the Chancellor fortune and planned to marry Jill. ", "Everyone was shocked when thought-to-be-dead Katherine showed up at the wedding to reclaim her fortune—and Derek, as well. ", "The newly reunited couple decided to go on a cruise, but while traveling they had a fight that resulted in Kay jumping overboard. ", "When she returned from being held captive by and falling in love with a man named Felipe, she divorced Derek. ", "Derek had a friendly reunion with both Jill, who informed him she had gotten married, and Kay, who had just recently had a face-lift, when he appeared at the wedding of Victor Newman and Nikki Reed in 1984.", "\n\nCasey Reed\n\nDr. Cassandra \"Casey\" Reed first appeared in March 1978 and was portrayed by Roberta Leighton. ", "The character is better known as the older sister of longtime Genoa City resident Nikki Newman. ", "Originally a main character with the actress on contract, Leighton later moved to recurring status. ", "Her most recent appearance was in April 1998.", "\n\nHistory\nDr. Casey Reed is Nikki Reed's older sister. ", "Casey takes a job at Snapper Foster's medical clinic in 1978. ", "Snapper falls in love with Casey after he separates from his wife, Chris Brooks Foster. ", "Casey and Snapper's relationship is troubled from the start because Casey suffers from a fear of sex and she is also worried about her younger sister, Nikki, who is a promiscuous teenager. ", "When Nikki and Casey's mother is killed in a car crash, their father, Nick Reed, returns to Genoa City. ", "Seeing her father again, Casey remembers a traumatic incident that has been buried deep in her subconscious. ", "When she was a child, Nick raped her. ", "When Casey, accompanied by her friend, Brock Reynolds, goes to confront Nick, he is in the process of trying to rape Nikki. ", "During Nikki's struggle to defend herself, she accidentally kills their father.", "\n\nCasey later begins seeing Lucas Prentiss, who has separated from his wife, Leslie Brooks. ", "As Lucas turns his sights on Casey, who is making great strides in recovering from her troubled childhood, Casey is also trying to emotionally detach herself from Snapper, whose wife, Chris, has returned to Genoa City. ", "When Chris realizes Snapper was involved with Casey, she introduces herself to the new woman in her husband's life. ", "Since Snapper cannot decide which woman he wants to see exclusively, Chris and Casey jointly decide to cut off contact with him until he is able to make a decision. ", "Casey ends her association with Lucas after realizing he still has feelings for Leslie. ", "In 1981, Casey is harassed by a secret stalker, who eventually shifts his focus to Nikki. ", "Meanwhile, Casey leaves Genoa City when she accepts a job in another town. ", "In 1984, Casey briefly returns to Genoa City to attend her sister's wedding to Victor Newman. ", "Casey returns to Genoa City in 1985 and leaves town again in 1989. ", "In 1998, Casey makes another visit to Genoa City upon learning about the shooting of Nikki who has been shot by a psychotic woman named Veronica Landers who was posing as a maid named Sarah Lindsay. ", "It was revealed in 2010 that Casey had been diagnosed with breast cancer, but was able to fight it.", "\n\nRose DeVille\n\nRose DeVille first appeared in 1979 as the owner and runner of a prostitution ring and, later, a black market baby organization. ", "She was portrayed by Darlene Conley until 1980, with a return appearance from 1986 to January 1987.", "\n\nHistory\nRose DeVille had a modeling agency that was really a front for drugs and prostitution. ", "An unwitting, young Nikki Reed signed on and became entangled in the death of a businessman, Walter Addison. ", "Rose later ran a home for unwed mothers while actually operating a black-market baby ring. ", "She took a teenage Nina Webster under her wing, only to later abandon her on the delivery table and kidnap her son. ", "Nina was led to believe the baby was stillborn. ", "Eventually learning the truth, however, it was too late: Rose was gone and never seen again. ", "The ordeal haunted Nina on and off over the years, the show occasionally featuring flashbacks, which featured Rose. ", "The last of these happened in 2000 and 2010. ", "In 2010, Nina and her friends, Paul Williams and Christine Blair all reminisced about the sad day. ", "As Paul investigated Nina's lost-son whereabouts, he mentioned that Rose was deceased.", "\n\nApril Stevens\n\nApril Stevens first appeared in December 1979, originally portrayed by Janet Wood until the role was assumed by Cindy Eilbacher, who remained in the role until 1982. ", "Eilbacher reprised her role from 1992 to 1994. ", "April was last portrayed by Rebecca Staab for two episodes in January 2008.", "\n\nHistory\nIn 1979, April became neighbors with Snapper and Chris Foster as she moved right next door to them in their apartment building. ", "April Stevens then began to see and have an affair with Paul Williams and she became pregnant. ", "Paul urged April to have an abortion and, when she refused, Paul turned his back on her. ", "Paul ended up leaving Genoa City to join the New World Commune with his ex-girlfriend, Nikki Reed Foster. ", "Steven Williams and Peggy Brooks were able to expose the commune as a cult. ", "Nikki's husband Greg Foster ended up falling for April. ", "When Greg learned April was gravely ill, he pressured Paul to finally marry April for their child, Heather. ", "A reluctant Paul eventually married her in January 1981. ", "Their marriage, however, turned dull and parental responsibility proved too much for Paul; he and April divorced. ", "April's parents, Dorothy and Wayne Stevens, were introduced in 1980 as having struggled to make ends meet to take care of April, having been forced to give up another baby for adoption. ", "An heiress by the name of Barbara Hartling discovered on her father's death bed that she was adopted and that Dorothy and Wayne were her parents. ", "Barbara came to Genoa City and lavished them with money and gifts, eventually convincing them to move to New York City with her. ", "After saying goodbye to Paul, April took Heather and left town.", "\n\nLater, April married Dr. Robert Lynch, who physically abused April. ", "On a visit to Genoa City back in 1992, Paul and his friend and future wife, Christine Blair, ended up figuring out the truth about April's marriage. ", "April ended up leaving Heather behind out of protection but, back in New York, April stabbed Robert in self-defense. ", "April was charged with murder while Christine and John Silva offered to represent her. ", "Once the case was dropped, Paul hoped to have a new life with April and Heather, but April wanted to leave Genoa City again. ", "April briefly returned to Genoa City in 2008 and revealed to Heather that Paul was her father, allowing them to begin to rebuild their father-daughter relationship. ", "Heather left Genoa City in November 2011 and went to New York.", "\n\nSee also\nThe Young and the Restless characters (1980s)\nThe Young and the Restless characters (1990s)\nThe Young and the Restless characters (2000s)\nThe Young and the Restless characters (2010s)\n\nReferences\n\nCategory:Lists of The Young and the Restless characters" ]

{ "pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)" }

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[ "These drone images are far more than your vanity-shot dronie: They’re maps of the Philippines post-Typhoon Haiyan, and they’re helping to deliver crucial aid to communities devastated by the disaster.", "\nDrones might not have been employed in...\n\nWhether you're a business that operates drones, a developer, or simply a drone hobbyist, you can get exclusive access to our product this May.\nFor just $299, we'll ship you a Copilot that will replace...\n\nLaird Small has seen most everything, at least in golf.", "\nThe longtime director of the Pebble Beach Golf Academy has supervised the swings of tour players and celebrities and presided over the range at Pebble's...\n\nClarkson University has added another Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) to its Unmanned Aerial Systems (UAS) research team. ", "The Golden Eagle II (GE2), originally designed to be a teaching tool, will begin its life as...\n\nWASHINGTON (AP) — More than a dozen media organizations challenged the government’s ban on the use of drones by journalists Tuesday, saying the Federal Aviation Administration’s position violates First Amendment protections for news gathering.", "\nThe...\n\nA drone with six propellers buzzes around the inside of a giant aircraft hangar examining a plane, which has been struck by lightning. ", "Elsewhere, engineers wearing 3D glasses carry out a thorough inspection of...\n\nAs electronic components plummet in price thanks to the impractical consumer-driven pace of mobile device development, it's becoming more and more realistic to talk about building robots that are cheap enough to be disposable....\n\nYosemite National Park raised a few eyebrows this weekend when park officials suggested—using some pretty dubious legal framework—that flying hobby drones in the park is illegal. ", "But the park isn’t the first to try to make...\n\nAfter attracting controversy with legislation that would restrict the use of unmanned aircraft in Louisiana, state Sen. Dan Claitor went to the mall and put down less than $400 for a drone.", "\nClaitor showed the...\n\nA drone operator fighting an FAA fine of $10,000 has gotten some very important new friends. ", "Arguing that the FAA’s drone ban affects the “public’s First Amendment interest in the free flow of information”,...\n\nA Little Rock, Ark., TV station is not backing off from airing footage shot from a drone, despite a warning from the Federal Aviation Administration that commercial drone photography is illegal.", "\n“This video is being...\n\nIt's hard to see when you're driving a tank, particularly when the hatch is closed for combat, but the Norwegian Armed Forces have hacked together a cool new solution using the Oculus Rift. ", "By mounting cameras...\n\nFednav pioneers the use of drones in polar shipping.", "\nIn an industry breakthrough, Fednav this month became the first shipping company to employ drones, or Unmanned Air Vehicles (UAV), for ice reconnaissance on a commercial...\n\nTHE managing director of an aerial photography and surveying business says the use of drones is of benefit to the community.", "\nChris Slee, who has recently set up ATEC-3D, says the use of light unmanned...\n\nIf the National Park Service’s absurd interpretation of their regulations stands,individuals flying drones in national parks may face six months of imprisonment and/or a $5,000 fine. ", "The fine and jail time were announced today by a...\n\nWASHINGTON (Reuters) - The second of six U.S. test sites chosen to perform unmanned aircraft systems, or drone research started operations on Monday in Alaska, surveying wildlife, the U.S. Federal Aviation Administration said.", "The University...\n\nAt night on the western edge of this capital city, Borman Marmol looked like a middle-aged toy helicopter aficionado.", "\nHe leaned against his parked car, oversize remote control in hand, eyes to the sky. ", "A..." ]

{ "pile_set_name": "Pile-CC" }

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[ "Complex tensor based blind source separation of EEG for tracking P300 subcomponents.", "\nComplex tensor factorisation of correlated brain sources is addressed in this paper. ", "The electrical brain responses due to motory, sensory, or cognitive stimuli, i.e. event related potentials (ERPs), particularly P300, have been used for cognitive information processing. ", "P300 has two subcomponents, P3a and P3b which are correlated and therefore, the traditional blind source separation approaches cannot solve the problem. ", "In this work, a complex-valued tensor factorisation of electroencephalography (EEG) signals is introduced with the aim of separating P300 subcomponents. ", "The proposed method uses complex-valued statistics to exploit the data correlation. ", "In this way, the variations of P3a and p3b can be tracked for the assessment of the brain state. ", "The results of this work will be compared with those of spatial principal component analysis (SPCA) method." ]

{ "pile_set_name": "PubMed Abstracts" }

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