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81 [Comment to Provisional Hearing: A Provisional Hearing is only a preliminary proceeding whic h may not involve a full review of the facts of the case.
Following a Provisional Hearing, the Athlete remains entitled to a subsequent full hearing on the merits o f the case.
By contrast, an “expedited hearing”, as that term is used in Article 7.4.3, is a full hearing on the merits conducted on an expedited time schedule.]
82 [Comment to Recreational Athlete: The term “open category” is meant to exclude competition that is limited to junior or age g roup categories.]
2021 IFA Anti -Doping Rules ( October 2020) Page 64 of 65 Registered Testing Pool : The pool of highest -priority Athletes established separately at the international level by International Federations and at the national level by National Anti-Doping Organizations, who are subject to focused In-Competition and Out-of-Competition Testing as part of that International Federation's or National Anti-Doping Organization's test distribution plan and therefore are required to provide whereabouts information as provided in Article 5.5 and the International Standard for Testing and Investigations.
Results Man agement : The process encompassing the timeframe between notification as per Article 5 of the International Standard for Results Management , or in certain cases (e.g., Atypical Finding , Athlete Biological Passport , whereabouts failure), such pre -notificatio n steps expressly provided for in Article 5 of the International Standard for Results Management , through the charge until the final resolution of the matter, including the end of the hearing process at first instance or on appeal (if an appeal was lodged) .
Sample or Specimen : Any biological material collected for the purposes of Doping Control .83 Signatories : Those entities accepting the Code and agreeing to implement the Code , as provided in Article 23 of the Code .
Specified Method: See Article 4.2.2.
Specified Substance : See Article 4.2.2.
Strict Liability : The rule which provides that under Article 2.1 and Article 2.2, it is not necessary that intent, Fault , Negligence , or knowing Use on the Athlete’s part be demonstrated by the Anti-Doping Organizat ion in order to establish an anti -doping rule violation.
Substance of Abuse : See Article 4.2.3.
Substantial Assistance : For purposes of Article 10.7.1, a Person providing Substantial Assistance must: (1) fully disclose in a signed written statement or re corded interview all information he or she possesses in relation to anti-doping rule violations or other proceeding described in Article 10.7.1.1, and (2) fully cooperate with the investigation and adjudication of any case or matter related to that informa tion, including, for example, presenting testimony at a hearing if requested to do so by an Anti-Doping Organization or hearing panel.
Further, the information provided must be credible and must comprise an important part of any case or proceeding which is initiated or, if no case or proceeding is initiated, must have provided a sufficient basis on which a case or proceeding could have been brought.
Tampering : Intentional conduct which subverts the Doping Control process but which would not otherwise be included in the definition of Prohibited Methods .
Tampering shall include, without limitation, offering or accepting a bribe to perform or fail to perform an act, preventing the collection of a Sample , affecting or making impossible the analysis of a Sample , falsifying documents submitted to an Anti-Doping Organization or TUE committee or hearing panel, procuring false testimony from witnesses, committing any other fraudulent act upon the Anti-Doping Organization or hearing body to affect Results Management or the imposition of Consequences , and any other similar intentional interference or Attempted interference with any aspect of Doping Control .84 Target Testing : Selection of specific Athletes for Testing based on criteria set forth in the International Sta ndard for Testing and Investigations.
83 [Comment to Sample or Specimen: It has sometimes been claimed that the collection of blood Samples violates the tenets of cer tain religious or cultural groups.
It has been determined that there is no basis for an y such claim.]
84 [Comment to Tampering: For example, this Article would prohibit altering identification numbers on a Doping Control form duri ng Testing, breaking the B bottle at the time of B Sample analysis, altering a Sample by the addition of a forei gn substance, or intimidating or attempting to intimidate a potential witness or a witness who has provided testimony or information in the Doping Control process.
Tampering includes misconduct which occurs during the Results Management process.
See Articl e 10.9.3.3.
However, actions taken as part of a Person's legitimate defense to an anti -doping rule violation charge shall not be considered Tampering.
Offensive conduct towards a Doping Control official or other Person involved in Doping Control which does not otherwise constitute Tampering shall be addressed in the disciplinary rules of sport organizations.]
2021 IFA Anti -Doping Rules ( October 2020) Page 65 of 65 Team Sport : A sport in which the substitution of players is permitted during a Competition .
Technical Document : A document adopted and published by WADA from time to time containing mandatory technical requirements on specific anti -doping topics as set forth in an International Standard .
Testing : The parts of the Doping Control process involving test distribution planning, Sample collection, Sample handling, and Sample transport to the laboratory.
Testing Pool : The tier below the Registered Testing Pool which includes Athletes from whom some whereabouts information is required in order to locate and Test the Athlete Out -of-Competition .
Therapeutic U se Exemption (TUE) : A Therapeutic Use Exemption allows an Athlete with a medical condition to Use a Prohibited Substance or Prohibited Method , but only if the conditions set out in Article 4.4 and the International Standard for Therapeutic Use Exemptions are met.
Trafficking : Selling, giving, transporting, sending, delivering or distributing (or Possessing for any such purpose) a Prohibited Substance or Prohibited Method (either physically or by any electronic or other means) by an Athlete , Athlete Suppo rt Person or any other Person subject to the authority of an Anti-Doping Organization to any third party; provided, however, this definition shall not include the actions of bona fide medical personnel involving a Prohibited Substance Used for genuine and legal therapeutic purposes or other acceptable justification, and shall not include actions involving Prohibited Substances which are not prohibited in Out-of-Competition Testing unless the circumstances as a whole demonstrate such Prohibited Substances are not intended for genuine and legal therapeutic purposes or are intended to enhance sport performance.
UNESCO Convention : The International Convention against Doping in Sport adopted by the 33rd session of the UNESCO General Conference on 19 October 2005 including any and all amendments adopted by the States Parties to the Convention and the Conference of Parties to the International Convention against Doping in Sport.
Use: The utilization, application, ingestion, injection or consumption by any means wh atsoever of any Prohibited Substance or Prohibited Method .
WADA : The World Anti -Doping Agency.
Without Prejudice Agreement : For purposes of Articles 10.7.1.1 and 10.8.2, a written agreement between an Anti-Doping Organization and an Athlete or other Person that allows the Athlete or other Person to provide information to the Anti-Doping Organization in a defined time -limited setting with the understanding that, if an agreement for Substantial Assistance or a case resolution agreement is not finalized, the i nformation provided by the Athlete or other Person in this particular setting may not be used by the Anti- Doping Organization against the Athlete or other Person in any Results Management proceeding under the Code , and that the information provided by the Anti-Doping Organization in this particular setting may not be used by the Athlete or other Person against the Anti-Doping Organization in any Results Management proceeding under the Code .
Such an agreement shall not preclude the Anti-Doping Organization , Athlete or other Person from using any information or evidence gathered from any source other than during the specific time -limited setting described in the agreement.
1 | P a g e World Squash Federation Anti-Doping Rules Updated 1 January 20 21 Version 4.0 (Updated December 2020 at the WSF Annual General Meeting) 2 | P a g e VERSION CONTROL Version Number: Effective Date: Approved by: Description of Change: V2.0 01/01 /15 AGM 2014 • Bringing the entire document into line with the 2015 WADA Code V2.1 01/01/15 Director, WSF Anti -Doping Commission • WSA removed from throughout document, as merged with PSA 1 January 2015.
• Definition of an International Athlete changed to refle ct renaming of old WSA events following their merge with PSA.
V3.0 01/01/19 AGM 2018 • All use of the word Member Nation removed and replaced with National Federation • Changes at the World Anti -Doping Agency’s request , requiring all International Federations to update their Anti -Doping Rules in accordance with the revised World Anti -Doping Code that came into effect on 1 April 2018.
Ensuring International and National Federations are aware of WADA’s new complian ce requirements and the consequences of non -comp liance.
V4.0 01/01/2021 AGM 2020 • Changes at the World Anti -Doping Agency’s request , requiring all International Federations to update their Anti -Doping Rules in accordance with the revised World Anti -Doping Code that came into effect on 1 January 2021 3 | P a g e TABLE OF CONTENTS PURPOSE, SCOPE & ORGANISATION OF THE ANTI-DOPING PROGRAMME, THE CODE & THE ANTI-DOPING RULES 4 Purpose 4 The Code 4 The World Anti -Doping Programme 4 International Standards 4 Models of Best Practice & Guidelines 4 Preface 4 Fundamental Rationale for the Code and the WSF's Anti -Doping Rules 5 World Squash Federation's Anti -Doping History 5 Scope of these Anti -Doping Rules 5 PART ONE: DOPING CONTROL 7 INTRODUCTION 8 ARTICLE 1 DEFINITION OF DOPING 8 ARTICLE 2 ANTI-DOPING RULE VIOLATIONS 8 ARTICLE 3 PROOF OF DOPING 12 ARTICLE 4 THE PROHIBITED LIST 13 ARTICLE 5 TESTING & INVESTIGATIONS 17 ARTICLE 6 ANALYSIS OF SAMPLES 20 ARTICLE 7 RESULTS MANAGEMENT : RESPONSIBILIT Y, INITIAL REVIEW, NOTI CE & PROVI SIONAL SUSPENSIONS 22 ARTICLE 8 RESU LTS MANAGEMENT : RIGHT TO A FAIR HEARING & NOTICE OF HEARING DECISION 24 ARTICLE 9 AUTOMATIC DISQUALIFICATION OF INDIVIDUAL RESULTS 26 ARTICLE 10 SANCTIONS ON INDIVIDUALS 26 ARTICLE 11 CONSEQUENCES TO TEAMS 36 ARTICLE 12 SANCTIONS BY THE WSF AGAINST OTHER SPORTING BODIES 37 ARTICLE 13 RESULTS MANAGEMENT :APPEALS 37 ARTICLE 14 CONFIDENTIALITY & REPORTING 40 ARTICLE 15 IMPLEMENTATION OF DECISIONS 43 ARTICLE 16 STATUTE OF LIMITATIONS 45 ARTICLE 17 EDUCATION 45 ARTICLE 18 ADDITIONAL ROLES & RESPONSIBILITIES OF NATIONAL FEDERATIONS 45 ARTICLE 19 ADDITIONAL RO LES & RESPONSIBILITIES OF THE WSF 46 ARTICLE 20 ADDITIONAL ROLES & RESPONSIBILITIES OF THE ATHLETES 46 ARTICLE 21 ADDITIONAL ROLES & RESPONSIBILITIES OF ATHLETE SUPPORT PERSONNEL 46 4 | P a g e ARTICLE 22 ADDITIONAL ROLES & RESPONS IBILITIES OF OTHER PERSONS SUBJECT TO THESE ANTI -DOPING RULES 47 ARTICLE 23 INTERPRETATION OF THE CODE 47 ARTICLE 24 FINAL PROVISIONS 47 APPENDIX 1 DEFINITIONS 49 APPENDIX 2 CONSENT FORM 57 5 | P a g e WORLD SQUASH FEDERATION ANTI -DOPING RULES PURPOSE, SCOPE & ORGANISATION OF THE WORLD ANTI -DOPING PROGRAMME, THE CODE & THE WSF ANTI -DOPING RULES The purposes of the World Anti -Doping Code and the World Anti -Doping Program which supports it are: • To protect the Athletes’ fundamental righ t to participate in doping -free sport and thus promote health, fairness and equality for Athletes worldwide, and • To ensure harmonised, coordinated and effective anti -doping programs at the international and national level with regard to the prevention of d oping, including: Education: To raise awareness, inform, communicate, to instil values, develop life skills and decision -making capability to prevent intentional and unintentional anti -doping rule violations.
Deterr ence: To divert potential dopers, through ensuring that robust rules and sanctions are in place and salient for all stakeholders.
Detection: An effective Testing and investigations system not only enhances a deterrent effect, but also is effective in prote cting clean Athletes and the spirit of sp ort by catching those committing anti -doping rule violations, while also helping to disrupt anyone engaged in doping behaviour.
Enforcement: To adjudicate and sanction those found to have committed an anti -doping ru le violation.
Rule of law: To ensure that all relevant stakeholders have agreed to submit to the Code and the International Standards , and that all measures taken in application of their anti -doping programs respect the Code, the International Standards , and the principles of proportionality and human rights.
The Code The Code is the fundamental and universal document upon which the Wor ld Anti -Doping Program in sport is based.
The purpose of the Code is to advance the anti -doping effort through universal harmonisation of core anti -doping elements.
It is intended to be specific enough to achieve complete harmonisation on issues where unif ormity is required, yet general enough in other areas to permit flexibility on how agreed -upon anti -doping principles are implemented.
The Code has been drafted giving consideration to the principles of proportionality and human rights.
The World Anti -Dopi ng Program The World Anti -Doping Program encompasses all of the elements needed in order to ensure optimal harmonisation and best practice in international and nati onal anti -doping programs.
The main elements are: Level 1: The Code Level 2: International Standards and Technical Documents Level 3: Models of Best Practice and Guidelines International Standards International Standards for different technical and operati onal areas within the anti -doping program have been and will be developed in consultation with the Signatories and governments and approved by WADA .
The purpose of the International Standards is harmonisation among Anti-Doping Organisations responsible for specific technical and operational parts of anti -doping programs.
Adherence to the International Standards is mandatory for compliance with the Code.
The International Standards may be revised from time -to-time by the WADA Executive Committee after reason able consultation with the Signatories , governments and other relevant stakeholders.
International Standards and all revisions will be published on the WADA website and shall become effective on the date specified in the International Standard or revision.
Models of Best Practice & Guidelines Models of best practice and guidelines based on the Code and International Standards have been and will be developed to provide solutions in different areas of anti -doping.
The models a nd guidelines will be recommende d by WADA and made available to Signatories and other relevant stakeholders but will 6 | P a g e not be mandatory.
In addition to providing models of anti -doping documentation, WADA will also make some training assistance available to t he Signatories .
Preface The WSF endorses the World Anti -Doping Code (the "Code" ).
These Anti -Doping Rules are adopted and implemented in conformance with the WSF's responsibilities under the Code and are in furtherance of the WSF's continuing efforts to eradicate doping in the sport of s quash.
These Anti -Doping Rules are sport rules governing the conditions under which sport is played.
Aimed at enforcing anti -doping rules in a global and harmonise d manner, they are distinct in nature from criminal and civil laws.
They are not intended to be subject to or limited by any national requirements and legal standards applicable to criminal or civil proceedings, although they are intended to be applied in a manner which respects the principles of proportionality and human rights.
When reviewing th e facts and the law of a given case, all courts, arbitral tribunals and other adjudicating bodies should be aware of and respect the distinct nature of these Anti -Doping Rules, which implement the Code, and the fact that these rules represent the consensus of a broad spectrum of stakeholders around the world as to what is necessary to protect and ensure fair sport.
As provided in the Code, the WSF shall be responsib le for conducting all aspects of Doping Control .
Any aspect of Doping Control or anti -doping Education may be delegated by the WSF to a Delegated Third Party , however, the WSF shall require the Delegated Third Parties to perform such aspects in compliance with the Code and International Standards and the WSF shall remain fully responsible for ensuring that any delegated aspects are performed in compliance with the Code.
Terms used in these Anti -Doping Rules that are defined terms from the Code are italicised.
Unless otherwise specified, references to Articles are references to Articles of these Ant i-Doping Rules.
Fundamental Rationale for the Code and the WSF's Anti-Doping Rules Anti-doping programs are founded on the intrinsic value of sport.
This intrinsic value is often referred to as "the spirit of sport": the ethical pursuit of human excellence through the dedicated perfection of each Athlete’s natural talents.
Anti-doping programs seek to protect the health of Athletes and to provide the opportunity for Athletes to pursue human excellence without the Use of Prohibited Substances and Methods .
Anti-doping programs seek to maintain the integrity of sport in terms of respect for rules, other competitors, fair competition, a level playing field and the value of clean sport to the world.
The spirit of sport is t he celebration of the human spirit, body and mind.
It is the essence of Olympism and is reflected in the values we find in and through sport, including: • Health • Ethics, fair play and honesty • Athletes’ right as set forth in the Code • Excellence in performance • Character and Education • Fun and joy • Teamwork • Dedication and commitment • Respect for rules and laws • Respect for self and other participants • Courage • Community and solidarity The spirit of sports is expressed in how we play true.
Doping is fundamen tally contrary to the spirit of sport.
World Squash Federation's Anti -Doping History The WSF is unequivocally opposed on ethical and medical grounds to the practice of doping in sport and any anti -doping rule violation by any Participant or other Person over which the WSF has jurisdiction is unacceptable a nd will not be tolerated.
7 | P a g e The WSF’s Anti-Doping position is motivated by a desire for fair and equal competition among Athletes and by concern for the health of Athletes participating in such competition.
Scope of these Anti -Doping Rules These Anti -Doping Rules shall apply to: (a) the WSF, including its board members, directors, officers, specified employees, and Delegated Third Parties and their employees, who are involved i n any aspect of Doping Control ; (b) each National Federation of the WSF, including their bo ard members, directors, officers, specified employees, and Delegated Third Parties and their employees, who are involved in any aspect of Doping Control ; (c) the Professiona l Squash Association ( PSA) including its board members, directors, officers, specified employees, and Delegated Third Parties and their employees, who are involved in any aspect of Doping Control ; (d) the following Athletes , Athlete Support Personnel and other Persons : (i) all Athletes and Athlete Support Personnel who are members of the WSF, the PSA or of any National Federation , or of any member or affiliate organisation of any National Federation (including any clubs, teams, associations, or leagues) ; (ii) all Athletes and Athlete Support Personnel who participate in such capacity in Events , Competiti ons and other activities organi sed, convened, authorised or recognised by the WSF, the PSA or any National Federation , or by any member or affiliate organisation of any National Federation (including any clubs, teams, associations, or leagues) , wherever held; (iii) any other Athlete or Athlete Support Personnel or other Person who, by virtue of an accreditation, a license or other contractual arrangement, or otherwise, is subject to the authority of the WSF, the PSA or of any National Federation , or of any membe r or affiliate organisation of any National Federation (including any clubs, teams, associations, or leagues), for purposes of anti -doping; To be eligible for participation in WSF Events , an Athlete must have a Squash Player Identification Number.
Squash Player Identification Numbers are only issued to Athletes who have personally acknowledged and agreed to comply with the contents of the consent form (Appendix 2) via the online system.
All forms fro m Minors must be counter -signed by a legal guardian.
Via the online entry system, National Federations and the PSA must also guarantee that all Participants registered in an Event accept the Rules of the WSF, including these Anti -Doping Rules.
(iv) Athletes who are not regular members of the WSF, the PSA or of one of its National Federations but who want to be eligible to compete in a particular International Event .
Each of the abovementioned Persons is deemed, as a condition of his or her participation or involvement in the sport, to have agreed to and be bound by t hese Anti -Doping Rules, and to have submitted to the authority of the WSF to enforce these Anti -Doping Rules, including any Consequences for the breach thereof, and to the jurisdiction of the Hearing Panels specified in Article 8 and Article 13 to hear and determine cases and appeals brought under these Anti -Doping Rules.
Within the overall pool of Athletes set out above who are bound by an d required to comply with these Anti-Doping Rules, the following Athletes shall be considered to be International -Level Athletes for the purposes of these Anti -Doping Rules, and, therefore, the specific provisions in these Anti -Doping Rules applicable to International -Level Athletes (e.g., Testing , TUEs, whereabouts, and Results Management ) shall apply to such Athletes : (a) Athletes participating in WSF World Championships and/or who participate in any main draw of PSA World Tour Bronze, Silver, Gold, Platinum and Finals events ; (b) Athletes included in WSF Registered Testing Pool 8 | P a g e PART ONE: DOPING CONTROL INTRODUCTION Part One of the Code sets forth specific anti -doping rules and principles that are to be followed by organisations responsible for adopting, implementing or enforcing anti -doping rules within their authority e.g., the International Olympic Committee, Internati onal Paralympic C ommittee, International Federations, National Olympic Committees and Paralympic Committees, Major Event Organisations , and National Anti -Doping Organisations .
All such organisations are collectively referred to as Anti-Doping Organisations .
All provisions of the Code are mandatory in substance and must be followed as applicable by each Anti-Doping Organisation and Athlete or other Person .
The Code does not, however, replace or eliminate the need for comprehensive anti -doping rules to be ado pted by each Anti-Doping Organisation .
While some provisions of the Code must be incorporated without substantive change by each Anti-Doping Organisation in its own anti -doping rules, other provisions of the Code establish mandatory guiding principles that allow flexibilit y in the formulation of rules by each Anti-Doping Organisation or establish requirements that must be followed by each Anti-Doping Organisation but need not be repeated in its own anti -doping rules.
Anti-doping rules, like Competition rules, are sport rul es governing the conditions under which sport is played.
Athletes, Athlete Support Personnel or other Persons (including directors, officers and employees of Signatories and Delegated Third Parties and their employees ) accept these rules a s a condition of participation or involvement in the sport of squash and shall be bound by these rules.
Each Signatory shall establish rules and procedures to ensure that all Athletes, Athlete Support Personnel or other Persons under the authority of the Signatory and its member organisations are informed of and agree to be bound by anti -doping rules in force of the relevant Anti-Doping Organisations .
Each Signatory shall establish rules and procedures to ensure that all Athletes, Ath lete Support Personnel or other Persons under the authority of the Signatory and its member organisations are informed of the dissemination of their private data as required or authorised by the Code, and are bound by and compliant with anti -doping rules f ound in the Code, and that the appropriate Consequences are imposed on those Athletes or other Persons who breach those rules.
These sport -specific rules and procedures, aimed at enforcing anti -doping rules in a global and harmonised way, are distinct in n ature from criminal an d civil proceedings.
They are not intended to be subject to or limited by any national requirements and legal standards applicable to such proceedings, although they are intended to be applied in a manner which respects the principles of proportionality an d human rights.
When reviewing the facts and the law of a given case, all courts, arbitral Hearing Panels and other adjudicating bodies should be aware of and respect the distinct nature of the anti -doping rules in the Code and the fa ct that those rules re present the consensus of a broad spectrum of stakeholders around the world with an interest in fair sport.
ARTICLE 1 DEFINITION OF DOPING Doping is defined as the occurrence of one or more of the anti -doping rule violations set forth in Article 2.1 throug h Article 2.11 of these Anti -Doping Rules.
ARTICLE 2 ANTI -DOPING RULE VIOLATIONS The purpose of Article 2 is to specify the circumstances and conduct which constitute anti -doping rule violations.
Hearings in doping cases will pro ceed based on the assertion that one or more of these specific rules have been violated.
Athletes and other Persons shall be responsible for knowing what constitutes an anti -doping rule violation and the substances and methods which have been included on the Prohibited List.
The fol lowing constitute anti -doping rule violations: 2.1 Presence of a Prohibited Substance or its Metabolites or Markers in an Athlete’s Sample 2.1.1 It is the Athletes’ personal duty to ensure that no Prohibited Substance enters their bodies.
Athletes are resp onsible for any Prohibited Substance or its Metabolites or Markers found to be present in their Samples .
Accordingly, it is not necessary that intent, Fault, 9 | P a g e negligence or knowing Use on the Athlete’s part be demonstrated in order to establish an anti -doping violation under Article 2.1.
[Comment to Article 2.1.1: An anti -doping rule violation is committed under this Article without regard to an Athlete’s Fault.