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'Ultimate treasure hunt': Great Barrier Reef gives birth for the first time in 18 months | Mid-North Monitor Skip to Content Sections Search Search midnorthmonitor.com Perform search Mid-North Monitor Share Share this Story: 'Ultimate treasure hunt': Great Barrier Reef gives birth for the first time in 18 months Copy Link Email Facebook Twitter Reddit Pinterest LinkedIn Tumblr Subscribe Main Menu Search midnorthmonitor.com Perform search News Local News Canada Provincial World Money PostPandemic Special-Sections Real-Estate Sports Local Sports Baseball Basketball Curling Soccer Football Hockey Auto Racing Other Sports Entertainment Local Entertainment Movies Music Television Books Gaming Celebrities Life Travel Food Health Puzzles New York Times Crossword Comics Advice Opinion Column Editorial Letters All Newspapers Driving Healthing The Growthop Classifieds Obituaries Newsletters Shopping This Week's Flyers News Sports Entertainment Life Opinion All Newspapers Driving Healthing The Growthop Newsletters Shopping Advertisement This advertisement has not loaded yet, but your article continues below. Share this Story: 'Ultimate treasure hunt': Great Barrier Reef gives birth for the first time in 18 months Copy Link Email Facebook Twitter Reddit Pinterest LinkedIn Tumblr Breadcrumb Trail Links World News 'Ultimate treasure hunt': Great Barrier Reef gives birth for the first time in 18 months According to ABC Australia, the reef has experienced five major bleaching events since 1998, with the most recent taking place in 2020 Author of the article: National Post Staff Publishing date: Nov 25, 2021 • November 25, 2021 • 2 minute read • Join the conversation Reef fish swim above recovering coral colonies on the Great Barrier Reef off the coast of Cairns, Australia October 25, 2019. Photo by Lucas Jackson /Reuters Article content The Great Barrier Reef has given birth for the first time in 18 months, in what hopeful scientists have deemed an encouraging sign for the future of one of the world’s most beloved ecosystems. Advertisement Story continues below This advertisement has not loaded yet, but your article continues below. Article content Marine biologist Gareth Philips told ABC Australia he and his team captured the event, which they dubbed “sex on the reef,” overnight Tuesday off the coast of Cairns, Queensland. We apologize, but this video has failed to load. Try refreshing your browser. 'Ultimate treasure hunt': Great Barrier Reef gives birth for the first time in 18 months Back to video “Nothing makes people happier than new life — and coral spawning is the world’s biggest proof of that,” he said in a statement via Queensland Tourism and Events. When coral spawn, they simultaneously release a mass of eggs and sperm, which then drift until they land on the sea floor. According to the Great Barrier Reef Foundation, coral bundles need to find another bundle from the same species to reproduce and so releasing bundles at the same time increases that likelihood. Conditions supporting the coral spawning need to be just right — at night, several days after a full moon with a calm ocean and water temperatures higher than 26 degrees for a full month, Philips told ABC Australia. Spawning usually takes place between October and November but the timing can vary, depending on other factors. Over the next few days, Philips and his team of researchers, divers, students and photographers will dive to the reef sites to capture footage of the coral spawning, in an effort to monitor the coral crop and keep tabs on the reef’s health. “I’ve seen the corals all go off at once, but this time there seemed to be different species spawning in waves, one after the other. The conditions were magical, with the water like glass and beautiful light coming from the moon,” he said. “Once we found a ripe coral, we watched as it took about 30 seconds for each colony to complete its spawning. It was the ultimate treasure hunt … it was so exciting that we even grabbed the skipper and got him in the water.” The spawning was a welcome relief to scientists worried about the reef’s fate following a major bleaching event last year, in which hot temperatures forced the coral tissue to expel the algae living inside it, losing its vibrant colour. According to ABC Australia, the reef has experienced five major bleaching events since 1998, with the most recent taking place in 2020. A study from James Cook University in Australia found that only two per cent of the reef remained unaffected by bleaching. Seeing the reef give birth is a “strong demonstration that its ecological functions are intact and working after being in a recovery phase for more than 18 months,” Philips said. “The reef has gone through its own troubles like we all have, but it can still respond — and that gives us hope. I think we must all focus on the victories as we emerge from the pandemic.” Share this article in your social network Share this Story: 'Ultimate treasure hunt': Great Barrier Reef gives birth for the first time in 18 months Copy Link Email Facebook Twitter Reddit Pinterest LinkedIn Tumblr Latest National Stories Advertisement Story continues below This advertisement has not loaded yet, but your article continues below. News Near Espanola This Week in Flyers Comments Postmedia is committed to maintaining a lively but civil forum for discussion and encourage all readers to share their views on our articles. Comments may take up to an hour for moderation before appearing on the site. We ask you to keep your comments relevant and respectful. We have enabled email notifications—you will now receive an email if you receive a reply to your comment, there is an update to a comment thread you follow or if a user you follow comments. 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College admissions scandal tracker: Who's pleaded guilty, who's gone to prison — and who's still fighting Joey Garrison USA TODAY View Comments View Comments BOSTON — It's the largest college admissions scandal in the history of the United States, a multi-million, high-stakes drama, playing out in a Boston federal courthouse. The Justice Department revealed its sweeping case, dubbed "Varsity Blues," with guilty pleas in March from a handful of defendants, including the scheme's mastermind, Rick Singer. He admitted to funneling portions of $25 million in bribes he took from rich parents to coaches, test-cheaters and others to get their children into some of the nation's top universities. More pleas followed. Those admitting guilt included wealthy parents such as actress Felicity Huffman, CEOs, a wine vineyard owner, a self-help author, a prominent attorney and college coaches. Huffman, the first to be sentenced in the case, received two weeks in prison, which she served in October. More:'What makes your child entitled?' Judge takes on privilege as she sentences parents in college scam In all, 31 out of 53 total defendants, including 21 parents, have waived their rights to a trial and pleaded guilty to crimes in deals with prosecutors. Thirteen of these parents, including Huffman, have been sentenced. Only one avoided prison. More sentences will be imposed in 2020. Another 22 defendants, including actress Lori Loughlin and 14 other parents, have pleaded not guilty and are digging in for a legal battle. Some of the parents ordered to prison are like Huffman, who paid Singer to have someone cheat on their children's ACT or SAT test. Others paid larger amounts to have their children classified as athletic recruits. Also pleading guilty are people such as Mark Riddell, the man who took the tests for the applicants, and coaches who agreed to classify students as athletes to open a "back door" into their schools. Here's an up-to-date tracker of the defendants in the scandal. GUILTY PLEAS In order of the date of their plea: 1. Rick Singer, CEO of The Worldwide Foundation Admitted actions: The scheme's mastermind took $25 million in bribes from wealthy parents from 2011 to 2018 through his college counseling nonprofit The Key Worldwide Foundation based in Newport Beach, California. Prosecutors say he funneled that money to co-conspirators to either facilitate cheating on exams or falsely classify applicants as college recruits. Charges: Pleaded guilty to racketeering conspiracy; money laundering conspiracy; conspiracy to defraud U.S.; and obstruction of justice; and forfeiture of $3.4 million and other assets. Date of guilty plea: March 12 Sentencing date: No sentencing date set at this time More:'So that's what he was up to': Rick Singer, architect of scam, peddled a 'side door' to college admissions 2. John Vandemoer, former sailing coach at Stanford University Admitted actions: Accepted checks totaling $270,000 from Singer into Stanford's sailing program to classify two applicants on to the sailing team to facilitate their admissions. Charges: Pleaded guilty to conspiracy to commit racketeering. Guilty plea date: March 12, 2019 Sentencing date: June 12, 2019, two years of supervised release, a $10,000 fine and one day of prison deemed already served. Prosecutors sought 13 months in prison. 3. Rudy Meredith, former women's soccer coach at Yale University Admitted actions: Agreed to take solicitations totaling $850,000 from Singer to designate two applicants as soccer recruits. The FBI's tip about Meredith opened up the larger scheme Charges: Pleaded guilty to conspiracy to commit wire fraud and honest services wire fraud and honest services wire fraud Guilty plea date: March 28, 2019 Sentencing date: No hearing scheduled at this time More:Ex-Yale coach pleads guilty for soliciting almost $1 million in bribes in college admissions scandal 4. Mark Riddell, former private school counselor in Florida and the test-taker Admitted actions: On at least 25 occasions took bribe money to either secretly take SAT or ACT exams for highs school students or change their answers. Took bribes of usually $10,000 from rich parents to fly to cities such as Vancouver, Houston and Los Angeles to carry out the cheating Charges: Pleaded guilty to commit mail fraud and honest services mail fraud and conspiracy to commit money laundering Guilty plea date: April 12, 2019 Sentencing date: March 4, 2020; prosecutors recommend 33 to 41 months in prison. More:Mark Riddell, test-taker ace in college admissions cheating case, pleads guilty in court 5. Michael Center, former tennis coach at the University of Texas Admitted actions: Accepted $100,0000 in bribes to falsely designate a college applicant who did not play tennis as a tennis recruit Charges: Pleaded guilty to conspiracy to commit mail fraud and honest services mail fraud; agreed to cooperate with prosecutors. Guilty plea date: April 24, 2019 Sentencing date: Feb. 24, 2020; prosecutors recommend 15 to 21 months in prison. More:Former Texas tennis coach pleads guilty in court in college admissions scandal 6. Bruce Isackson, head of Bay-area real estate firm WP Investments Admitted actions: With his wife, Davina Isackson, paid more than $600,000 in bribes to get their daughters into the University of California at Los Angeles and the University of Southern California as purported athletics recruits. Charges: Pleaded guilty to conspiracy to commit mail fraud and honest services mail fraud; money laundering conspiracy and tax fraud Guilty plea date: May 1, 2019 Sentencing date: May 21, 2020; prosecutors recommend 37 to 46 months in prison. 7. Davina Isackson Admitted actions: With husband, Bruce Isackson, paid more than $600,000 in bribes to get their daughters into the University of California at Los Angeles and the University of Southern California as purported athletics recruits. Charges: Pleaded guilty to conspiracy to commit mail fraud and honest services mail fraud. Guilty plea date: May 1, 2019 Sentencing date: May 21, 2020, 2019; prosecutors recommend 27 and 33 months in prison. More:Couple who paid $600K to get kids into UCLA, USC pleads guilty in college admissions scandal 8. Stephen Semprevivo, former executive at Cydcor in Los Angeles Admitted actions: Wrote a $400,000 check from his family trust to a sham nonprofit operated by Singer in April 2016 after his son was admitted into Georgetown. Charges: Pleaded guilty to conspiracy to commit mail fraud and honest services mail fraud. Guilty plea date: May 7, 2019 Sentencing date: Sept. 26, 2019 four months in prison, two years of supervised release, 500 hours of community service and a fine of $100,000. More:Third parent pleads guilty in college admissions scandal: This one paid $400K to get son into Georgetown More:Georgetown to expel student after he sues over its handling of college admissions probe More:LA exec gets 4 months in prison for paying $400K to get son into Georgetown as a fake tennis recruit 9. Felicity Huffman, actress Admitted actions: Paying $15,000 to have Riddell correct SAT answers for her oldest daughter. Charges: Pleaded guilty conspiracy to commit mail fraud and honest services mail fraud. Guilty plea date: May 13, 2019 Sentencing date: Sept. 13, 2019 to 14 days in prison, a $30,000 fine, supervised release for one year and 250 hours of community service. She finished her sentence Oct. 25. More:Felicity Huffman completes prison sentence, released early More:Felicity Huffman sentenced: 2 weeks in prison, $30,000 fine for college admissions scandal 10. Devin Sloane, CEO of a water systems company in Los Angeles Admitted actions: Paying $250,000 in bribes to Singer to falsely designate his son as a water polo player so he could gain acceptance to the University of Southern California Charges: Pleaded guilty to conspiracy to commit mail fraud and honest services mail fraud. Guilty plea date: May 13, 2019 Sentencing date: Sept. 10, 2019 to four months in prison, two years of supervised release, 500 hours of community service and a $95,000 fine. More:LA businessman sentenced to 4 months in prison for paying $250K to get son into USC as water polo recruit 11. Laura Janke, former assistant women's soccer coach at USC Admitted actions: Creating fake sports profiles for the children of wealthy parents, including actress Lori Loughlin's daughters Olivia Jade and Isabella Rose, in exchange for bribes. She participated in the scheme while at USC and after her 2014 departure. Charges: Pleaded guilty to conspiracy to commit racketeering. Guilty plea date: May 14, 2019 Sentencing date: April, 24, 2020, 2019; prosecutors recommend 27 to 33 months in prison and a forfeiture of $143,000 12. Gordon Caplan, attorney from Greenwich, Connecticut/New York Admitted actions: Making a $75,000 contribution to the Key Worldwide Foundation in exchange for Riddell correcting the answers on his daughter's ACT exam. Charges: Pleaded guilty to one count of conspiracy to commit mail fraud and honest services mail fraud. Plea hearing date: May 21, 2019 Sentencing date: Oct. 3, 2019 to one month in prison, one year of supervision upon release, a $50,000 fine and 250 hours of community service. 13. Agustin Huneeus Jr., Napa vineyards owner from San Francisco Admitted actions: Paying $50,000 to Singer's Key Worldwide Foundation in exchange for Riddell to correct his daughter's SAT exam after she turned it in. Later, he agreed to pay Singer $250,000 to take part in the college recruitment scheme by conspiring to have her daughter designated as a water polo recruit at USC. He made an initial payment of $50,000 toward that effort. Charges: Pleaded guilty to conspiracy to commit mail fraud and honest services mail fraud Plea hearing date: May 21, 2019 Sentencing date: Oct. 4, to five months in prison, two years of court supervision, 500 hours of community service and a $100,000 fine. He reported on Nov. 4, 2019. More:Napa vineyard owner, NYC attorney plead guilty in college admissions ACT, SAT cheating scandal More:Napa Valley vineyard owner gets five months in prison for college admissions scheme 14. Marcia Abbott, of New York Admitted actions: Paying bribes of $50,000 and $75,000 for Singer to arrange Riddell to correct the answers of their daughter's ACT and SAT subject exams. Charges: Pleaded guilty to conspiracy to commit mail fraud and honest services mail fraud. Plea hearing date: May 22, 2019 Sentencing date: Oct. 8, 2019 to one month in prison, one year of supervised release, 250 hours of community service and $45,000 fine. 15. Gregory Abbott, founder and CEO of International Dispensing Corp. Admitted actions: Like his wife, paying bribes of $50,000 and $75,000 for Singer to arrange Riddell to correct the answers of their daughter's ACT and SAT subject exams. Charges: Pleaded guilty to one count of conspiracy to commit mail fraud and honest services mail fraud. Plea hearing date: May 22, 2019 Sentencing date: Oct. 8, 2019 to one month in prison, one year of supervised release, 250 hours of community service and $45,000 fine. 16. Peter Jan Sartorio, packaged food entrepreneur Admitted actions: Paying Singer's Key Worldwide Foundation $15,000 to have Riddell cheat on his daughter's SAT exam. He is the founder and president of P.J.'s Organics, which specializes in frozen burritos. Charges: Pleaded guilty to conspiracy to commit mail fraud and honest services mail fraud. Plea hearing date: May 22, 2019 Sentencing date: Oct. 11, 2019 to one year of probation, 250 hours of community service and $9,500 fine. 17. Jane Buckingham, CEO of boutique marketing firm in Los Angeles Admitted actions: Paying Singer's Key Worldwide Foundation $50,000 for Riddell taking the ACT exam for her son. Charges: Pleaded guilty conspiracy to commit mail fraud and honest services mail fraud. Plea hearing date: May 24, 2019 Sentencing date: Oct. 23, 2019 to three weeks in prison, one year of probation and $40,000 fine. More:Parenting guru, 2 others plead guilty to paying bribes to get kids better ACT scores 18. Robert Flaxman, president and CEO of Crown Realty and Development Admitted actions: Paying $75,000 to Singer's Key Worldwide Foundation in 2016 toward cheating on the ACT exam. Charges: Pleaded guilty conspiracy to commit mail fraud and honest services mail fraud. Plea hearing date: May 24 2019 Sentencing date: Oct. 18, 2019 to one month in prison, supervised release for one year, 250 hours of community service and $50,000 fine. 19. Marjorie Klapper, owner of a jewelry business Admitted actions: Paying $15,000 to Singer's Key Worldwide Foundation to have Riddell to correct answers on her son's ACT exam. Charges: Pleaded guilty to conspiracy to commit mail fraud and honest services mail fraud. Plea hearing date: May 24, 2019 Sentencing date: Oct. 16, 2019 to three weeks in prison, one year of supervised release, 250 hours of community service and $95,000 fine. More:Parents cry desperate times in college admissions scandal. A judge opts for prison anyway. 20. Toby MacFarlane, title insurance senior executive Admitted actions: Paying at least $400,000 to get to Singer's organization to get his daughter and later his son into USC as purported athletic recruits. Charges: Pleaded guilty conspiracy to commit mail fraud and honest services mail fraud. Plea hearing date: June 21, 2019 Sentencing date: Nov. 13, to six months in prison, two years of supervised release, a $150,000 fine, and 200 hours of community service More:Two more defendants agree to plead guilty in college admissions bribery case 21. Steven Masera, accountant for the Key Worldwide Foundation Admitted actions: Overseeing many of the transactions on Singer's behalf, sending notices to parents for their purported "donation "or "pledge" to the Key Worldwide Foundation, among other things. Charges: Pleaded guilty to one count of conspiracy to commit racketeering and to cooperate with investigators. Plea hearing date: June 27, 2019 Sentencing date: Jan. 22, 2020; prosecutors recommend 47 to 71 months in prison. More:Mastermind's accountant agrees to plead guilty in college admissions scandal 22. Ali Khosroshahin, USC women's soccer coach from 2007 to 2013 Admitted actions: Falsely designating four recruits as soccer players in exchange for $350,000 in bribes that the children's parents paid to Singer. Charges: Pleaded guilty to one count of conspiracy to commit racketeering and to cooperate with prosecutors. Plea hearing date: June 27 Sentencing date: Jan. 23, 2020; prosecutors recommend 46 to 57 months in prison. More:Ex-USC soccer coach reverses course, agrees to plead guilty in college admissions scandal 23. Jeffrey Bizzack, tech executive Admitted actions: Paying $250,000 for his son to be admitted to USC as a fake volleyball recruit – $200,000 went to Singer and $50,000 to USC's Galen Center. Charges: The co-founder of the clothing retailer Outerknown and former president of ServiceSource, pleaded guilty to one count of conspiracy to commit mail fraud and honest services mail fraud and will cooperate with federal investigators. Plea hearing date: July 24, 2019 Sentencing date: Oct. 30, 2019, to two months in prison, three years of supervised release, 300 hours per year of community service and $250,000 fine. More:Dad pleads guilty to paying $250K to get son into USC as fake volleyball recruit 24. Douglas Hodge, of Laguna Beach, California, former CEO of investment management company Admitted actions: Paying $850,000 in bribes to get two of his children into the University of Southern California as fake soccer and football recruits, respectively, and two into Georgetown University as fabricated tennis recruits. Charges: The former COE of Pacific Investment Management Co (Pimco), pleaded guilty to conspiracy to commit mail and wire fraud and honest services mail and wire fraud, as well as conspiracy to commit money laundering. Plea hearing date: Oct. 21, 2019 Sentencing date: Jan. 22, 2020, to nine months in prison, a fine of $750,000, two years of supervised release and 500 hours of community servie. More:Former Pimco CEO to plead guilty for $500,000 bribes in college admissions scandal 25. Manuel Henriquez, of Atherton, California, chairman and CEO of Hercules Capital Admitted actions: Paying Singer to have someone on four separate occasions cheat on college instance exams for their two daughters to boost their scores. Payments were each at least $25,000 for fixing answers on SAT and ACT tests, according to prosecutors. Charges: The founder and CEO of the venture capital firm Hercules Capital pleaded guilty to conspiracy to commit mail and wire fraud and honest services mail and wire fraud as well as conspiracy to commit money laundering. Plea hearing date: Oct. 21, 2019 Sentencing date: March 5, 2020 More:Third parent in 24 hours caves in college admissions scandal, agrees to plead guilty 26. Elizabeth Henriquez, of Atherton, California Admitted actions: Paying Singer to have someone on four separate occasions cheat on college instance exams for their two daughters to boost their scores. Payments were each at least $25,000 for fixing answers on SAT and ACT tests, according to prosecutors. The transactions occurred between 2015 and 2018. Charges: The wife of Manuel Henriquez pleaded guilty to conspiracy to commit mail and wire fraud and honest services mail and wire fraud as well as conspiracy to commit money laundering. Plea hearing date: Oct. 21, 2019 Sentencing date: March 3, 2020 27. Michelle Janavs,of Newport Coast, California, former executive of food manufacturer of Hot Pockets Admitted actions: Paying Singer $50,000 in 2017 after having someone fix her daughter's ACT exam answers and another $50,000 in 2018 to the USC Women's Athletic Funds after her daughter was admitted into USC as a fake beach volleyball recruit. Wired Singer's sham nonprofit an additional $25,000 in February after someone changed answers on the ACT for Janavs' younger daughter. Charges: The former executive of Chef America, the company that makes Hot Pockets, pleaded guilty to conspiracy to commit mail and wire fraud and honest services mail and wire fraud as well as conspiracy to commit money laundering. Plea hearing date: Oct. 21, 2019 Sentencing date: Feb. 25, 2020 28. Igor Dvorskiy, of Sherman Oaks, California, former director of a Los Angeles private school, test administrator for ACT/SAT Admitted actions: Taking bribes from Singer to open his school for students whose parents paid to have their college entrance exam scores fixed. Charges: The director of the Los Angeles private school at the center of the scandal pleaded guilty to conspiracy to commit racketeering and to cooperate with prosecutors. Plea hearing date: Nov. 13, 2019 Sentencing date: May 15, 2020 More:Former ACT/SAT test administrator flips, pleads guilty in college admissions scandal 29. Martin Fox, of Houston, president of a private tennis academy in Houston Admitted actions: Taking $200,000 in bribes from Singer for introducing Singer to college coaches at the University of Texas and University of San Diego who agreed to participate in the admissions scheme. Charges: The president of a private tennis academy and camp pleaded guilty to one count of conspiracy to commit racketeering Plea hearing date: Nov. 15, 2019 Sentencing date: May 14, 2020 30, Karen Littlefair, of Newport Beach, California Admitted actions: Paying $9,000 to have someone take online classes for her son so he could graduate from Georgetown University Charges: conspiracy to commit wire fraud Plea hearing date: Jan. 22, 2020 Sentencing date: May, 13, 2020; prosecutors recommended 4 months in prison 31, Xiaoning Sui, a Chinese national from Surrey, British Columbia, Canada Admitted actions: Paid $100,000 as part of a $400,000 agreement to get her son admitted into UCLA as a soccer recruit. She was arrested in Spain. Charges: Pleaded guilty to federal programs bribery Plea hearing date: Feb. 21, 2020 Sentencing date: May 19, 2020. Prosecutors recommended no additional prison time beyond the 5 months she served in a prison in Spain. Not guilty pleas Coaches, test administrators and Singer associates — each charged with racketeering conspiracy: 1. Gordon Ernst, of Chevy Chase, Md., former head coach of men and women’s tennis at Georgetown University 2. William Ferguson, of Winston-Salem, N.C., former women’s volleyball coach at Wake Forest University 3. Donna Heinel, of Long Beach, California, the senior associate athletic director at the University of Southern California 4. Jorge Salcedo, of Los Angeles, California, former head coach of men’s soccer at the University of California at Los Angeles 5. Mikaela Sanford, of Folsom, California, employee of the Edge College & Career Network and the Key Worldwide Foundation 6. Jovan Vavic, of Rancho Palos Verdes, California, former water polo coach at the University of Southern California 7. Niki Williams, of Houston, assistant teacher at a Houston high school and test administrator for the College Board and ACT Parents charged with conspiracy to commit mail fraud and honest services mail fraud; some also charged with money laundering and federal programs bribery: 1. Gamal Abdelaziz, of Las Vegas, the former senior executive of a resort and casino operator in Macau, China 2. Diane Blake, of San Francisco,, an executive at a retail merchandising firm; 3. Todd Blake, of San Francisco, an entrepreneur and investor 4. I-Hin “Joey” Chen, of Newport Beach, California, operates a provider of warehousing and related services for the shipping industry 5. Amy Colburn, of Palo Alto, California 6. Gregory Colburn, of Palo Alto, California 7. Mossimo Giannulli, of Los Angeles, fashion designer married to Lori Loughlin 8. Elisabeth Kimmel, of Las Vegas, owner and president of a media company 9. Lori Loughlin, of Los Angeles, actress 10. William McGlashan Jr., of Mill Valley, California, senior executive at a global equity firm 11. Marci Palatella, of Healdsburg, California, CEO of a liquor distribution company 12. John Wilson, of Hyannis Port, Massachusetts, founder and CEO of private equity and real estate development firm 13. Homayoun Zadeh, of Calabasas, California, an associate professor of dentistry 14. Robert Zangrillo of Miami, founder and CEO of private investment firm 15. 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The Pilgrims will be without defender Brendan Galloway and striker Luke Jephcott due to international call ups plymouthherald Share Comments By Chris ErringtonFootball reporter 12:17, 5 NOV 2021 Updated 15:38, 5 NOV 2021 Sport Brendan Galloway (left) celebrates with Dan Scarr after scoring Argyle's opening goal in the 3-0 League One win against Bolton Wanderers at Home Park on Tuesday, October 19, 2021 - Photo: Phil Mingo/PPAUK (Image: Phil Mingo/PPAUK) Get Chris Errington's exclusive behind-the-scenes take on life at Argyle in his weekly Inside Home Park newsletter Invalid EmailSomething went wrong, please try again later. Sign me up! We use your sign-up to provide content in ways you've consented to and to improve our understanding of you. This may include adverts from us and 3rd parties based on our understanding. You can unsubscribe at any time. More info Thank you for subscribingWe have more newslettersShow meSee ourprivacy notice Ryan Lowe believes Plymouth Argyle's away League One game against Accrington Stanley will take place as planned on Saturday, November 13. The Pilgrims will have defender Brendan Galloway and striker Luke Jephcott away on international duty with Zimbabwe and Wales under-21s respectively so they will miss the trip to the Wham Stadium. If Argyle had a third player called up they could request the game to be postponed, as five fixtures in League One that weekend already have been. Read more: Argyle injury update on James Bolton, George Cooper and Niall Ennis However, the club have not heard that midfielder Panutche Camara will be selected by Guinea-Bissau for their next two 2022 World Cup qualifiers. Camara was due to join up with them for the first time in September but Covid-19 travel restrictions prevented that from happening. The 24-year-old was then not selected for Guinea-Bissau's home and away ties against Morocco last month. Lowe said: "At the moment it's Luke and Brendan. Up to this point the game will be going ahead. We are quite fine and content either way. "If it's just those two that go then no problem, it gives other lads an opportunity to step in." Guinea-Bissau have World Cup qualifiers away to Guinea on November 12 and at home to Sudan - although that fixture will be played in Morocco. Tickets for the game against Accrington went on sale to Argyle season ticket holders on Thursday afternoon. Big Green Lottery members and Flexi-Ticket holders will be able to get them from 10am tomorrow (Saturday). Any remaining tickets for the fixture will then go on general sale on Monday, November 8. Argyle played without Galloway and Jephcott during the last international break for World Cup qualifiers, when they beat Burton Albion 2-1 at Home Park on October 9. The duo of Macaulay Gillesphey and Kieran Agard came into the side to replace them for that league game. Galloway, 25, made his international debut for Zimbabwe in their last match, 1-0 home defeat by Ghana in Harare on October 12. He has now been included in a 26-man squad for their final two World Cup qualifiers, which are away to South Africa in Johannesburg on November 11 and at home to Ethiopia three days later. Jephcott has been called up by Wales under-21s for their 2023 European Championship qualifiers away to Gibraltar on November 12 and at home to Switzerland at Rodney Parade, Newport, four days later. Galloway and Jephcott will both return to Argyle in time for the away league game against Charlton Athletic on November 20. For more Argyle content that you cannot get anywhere else, sign up for Chris Errington's weekly Inside Home Park newsletter HERE Read more: Ryan Lowe discusses Argyle team selection for FA Cup clash Read more: Sheffield Wednesday striker has revenge in mind for Argyle FA Cup tie Follow PlymouthLive FacebookTwitter Comment More On Plymouth Argyle FA Cup Home Park Sport all Most Read Most Recent Plymouth ArgyleMK Dons 1 Plymouth Argyle 1 RECAP: Conor Grant gets equaliser in 1-1 drawTennai Watson had put MK Dons 1-0 up in the 21st minute of the League One game Plymouth Argyle fight back for MK Dons draw under new boss Steven Schumacher Plymouth ArgyleConor Grant scored a 66th minute equaliser for the Pilgrims as they ended a run of three successive League One defeats Ryan Lowe on joining Preston and Steven Schumacher going his own way Plymouth ArgyleThe 43-year-old former Plymouth Argyle manager was unveiled by Preston North End as their new boss yesterday Why Ryan Lowe leaving Plymouth Argyle is not the end of the world Plymouth ArgylePlymouth Live football reporter Chris Errington gives his views on a day of dramatic events at the League One club Steven Schumacher: I could not turn down chance to manage Plymouth Argyle Plymouth ArgyleSchumacher's first game in charge of the Pilgrims ended in a 1-1 draw away to MK Dons in League One last night Plymouth ArgyleHow Steven Schumacher passed first test as Plymouth Argyle managerThe new Pilgrims' boss saw his side come from behind to draw 1-1 at MK Dons to move into fifth place in League One Steven Schumacher: I could not turn down chance to manage Plymouth Argyle Plymouth ArgyleSchumacher's first game in charge of the Pilgrims ended in a 1-1 draw away to MK Dons in League One last night Plymouth Argyle fight back for MK Dons draw under new boss Steven Schumacher Plymouth ArgyleConor Grant scored a 66th minute equaliser for the Pilgrims as they ended a run of three successive League One defeats MK Dons 1 Plymouth Argyle 1 RECAP: Conor Grant gets equaliser in 1-1 draw Plymouth ArgyleTennai Watson had put MK Dons 1-0 up in the 21st minute of the League One game Plymouth Argyle reprinting 2022 calendar after Ryan Lowe sudden departure Plymouth ArgyleThe calendar has already been bought as a Christmas present by some members of the Green Army Most Read Most Recent InquestsPopular Devon dad and footballer died 11 days after AstraZeneca jabCoroner's court revealed how dad Adam Bounds suffered a severe and rare reaction to the Covid-19 vaccine, which led to his death in Derriford Hospital MK Dons 1 Plymouth Argyle 1 RECAP: Conor Grant gets equaliser in 1-1 draw Plymouth ArgyleTennai Watson had put MK Dons 1-0 up in the 21st minute of the League One game Devon mum has made £250,000 dressing as 'Aunty Val' on OnlyFans Plymouth NewsShe is now featuring on a new Channel 4 documentary where she teaches newbies how to sell their adult content Plymouth Argyle fight back for MK Dons draw under new boss Steven Schumacher Plymouth ArgyleConor Grant scored a 66th minute equaliser for the Pilgrims as they ended a run of three successive League One defeats Plymouth street mugger avoids jail for pushing over man StonehouseNatash Jones, aged 34, robbed the drug user with Ashley Woodman, son of convicted murderer Michael Woodman Plymouth ArgyleHow Steven Schumacher passed first test as Plymouth Argyle managerThe new Pilgrims' boss saw his side come from behind to draw 1-1 at MK Dons to move into fifth place in League One Steven Schumacher: I could not turn down chance to manage Plymouth Argyle Plymouth ArgyleSchumacher's first game in charge of the Pilgrims ended in a 1-1 draw away to MK Dons in League One last night Plymouth Argyle fight back for MK Dons draw under new boss Steven Schumacher Plymouth ArgyleConor Grant scored a 66th minute equaliser for the Pilgrims as they ended a run of three successive League One defeats Popular Devon dad and footballer died 11 days after AstraZeneca jab InquestsCoroner's court revealed how dad Adam Bounds suffered a severe and rare reaction to the Covid-19 vaccine, which led to his death in Derriford Hospital MK Dons 1 Plymouth Argyle 1 RECAP: Conor Grant gets equaliser in 1-1 draw Plymouth ArgyleTennai Watson had put MK Dons 1-0 up in the 21st minute of the League One game Top Stories How Steven Schumacher passed first test as Plymouth Argyle manager Plymouth ArgyleThe new Pilgrims' boss saw his side come from behind to draw 1-1 at MK Dons to move into fifth place in League One Plymouth Argyle fight back for MK Dons draw under new boss Steven Schumacher Plymouth ArgyleConor Grant scored a 66th minute equaliser for the Pilgrims as they ended a run of three successive League One defeats Devon mum has made £250,000 dressing as 'Aunty Val' on OnlyFans Plymouth NewsShe is now featuring on a new Channel 4 documentary where she teaches newbies how to sell their adult content Bobbi-Anne McLeod's family in council talks for permanent memorial Bobbi-Anne McLeodPlymouth City Council will preserve flowers and written tributes for family as petition reaches 1,500 signatures Boris Johnson press conference live: Omicron, Christmas and Plan B to be discussed UK & World NewsThe Prime Minister will chair the event at 6pm amid speculation the Government is preparing to shift to Plan B NHS Covid app crashes as vaccine passport measures announced Plymouth NewsMaking the Covid app mandatory for certain venues sent people flocking to the app Live-event MK Dons 1 Plymouth Argyle 1 RECAP: Conor Grant gets equaliser in 1-1 draw Plymouth ArgyleTennai Watson had put MK Dons 1-0 up in the 21st minute of the League One game Coca-Cola Christmas truck announces South West date Plymouth NewsWe've all got our fingers crossed it might travel that little bit further down south Dial 999 if you see this Plymouth man wanted on recall to prison CrimeKevin Fitzgerald has links to Plymouth, Liskeard and London. 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Let's talk about one of the best values in health care today, Preventive Dentistry. The routine services your general dentist provides can help save your teeth and even your life. It's true. Dentists are often the first to detect signs of dangerous health conditions, such as oral cancer, AIDS and anorexia to name a few. Also medical research has established a link between untreated gum disease and systemic conditions, such as heart disease and diabetes. By visiting your dentist regularly, you'll make sure any oral health problems are caught early when they're easiest to treat. The core of preventive dentistry is a checkup and professional teeth cleaning your dental hygienist will use special tools to remove disease causing dental plaque from places you can't reach with your toothbrush and floss. If left on the teeth for too long, this bacteria filled plaque and harden into tartar, which is particularly irritating to your gums. Your dental hygienist will then polish your teeth, so they're sparkly and smooth. After the cleaning, your dentist will examine your mouth for signs of oral cancer, gum disease and tooth decay. Small cavities can often be filled to prevent decay from reaching deeper into the tooth and creating more painful and costly problems. Your dentist might also recommend specific oral hygiene aids to use at home, such as a floss holder or anti-plaque mouth rinse. Preventive dental visits are important for everyone, but particularly children and seniors. Children can receive tooth strengthening topical fluoride treatments, as well as dental sealants to keep bacteria out of the little grooves in the back teeth. If your child plays sports, your dentists can make a custom fitted mouth guard that will protect against dental injuries. Seniors are particularly prone to tooth decay, because many take medications that can dry out the mouth as a side effect. This leaves them without the natural cavity fighting protection of saliva and believe it or not, even seniors who were false teeth, need regular preventive dental visits, because dentures need to be adjusted from time to time to maintain a comfortable fit. Your comfort, health and quality of life are the main concerns of Preventive Dentistry. It's been a while since you've seen your family dentist, make an appointment today.

If you're more than $500 in debt on your electric bill, this program may be able to help you. You pay just your current monthly electric bill, each month and on time. For each month that you pay your current bill, your electric utility company will wipe out 1/12 of what you owe them on your back bill. Learn about how to enroll! Can a Creditor Put a Lien on My House? Yes. But there may be something you can do about it. Maine law has some protections for homeowners in this situation. Free and Low Cost Phone Services *The purpose of this page is to inform you of the options available. PTLA does not endorse or critique any of these services. You may want to check with reliable consumer sites before signing on with a wireless company. Fair Housing It is illegal for a Maine landlord to refuse to rent to you because of your color, race, religion, national origin, sex, sexual orientation, disability, having children, or getting public aid. Contact us if you have questions or think you have suffered illegal housing discrimination. Don't Borrow Trouble! Mortgages, Home Equity Loans and Refinancing Are you looking for a home equity loan? Or are you trying to borrow money to buy a home? There are good deals and bad deals. If you don't want to get stuck with a bad one, be careful Fair Housing: Your Right To Rent or Own a Home What does "Fair Housing" mean? In Maine we have both state and federal “fair housing” laws. They say that a landlord cannot refuse to rent to you, and a seller cannot treat you differently, because of your: -race -color -national origin or ancestry (where you or your family came from)... Fair Lending Discrimination in mortgage lending is prohibited by the federal Fair Housing Act (link is external) and the Maine Human Rights Act. Lo Que Usted Y Su Familia Debe Saber Sobre El Plomo ¿Qué puedo hacer yo para ayudar a minimizer el riesgo de envenenamiento por plomo en mi casa? What you and your family should know about lead - Spanish ¡No Tome Problemas Prestados! Hipotecas, Préstamos con Garantía Inmobiliaria y Refinanciación Recursos e información sobre protegerse de los préstamos depredadores. N’empruntez pas les soucis! Emprunts hypothécaires, Prêts immobiliers et refinancement Introduction Les sept signes de prêts abusifs Où trouver les renseignements essentiels Autres pièges à éviter

Please help improve this article by adding reliable references. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. The Workers World Party (WWP) was founded by Sam Marcy in 1959 when he left the Socialist Workers Party. Over time, Marcy's political ideology changed from Trotskyist to a form of Stalinism. The WWP claimed that it supported the rights of workers, but supported the overthrow of workers by the Soviet Union in places like Czechoslovakia, Hungary, and Poland. The WWP has been an apologist for repression, such as the Chinese government's attack on pro-democracy student protesters at Tiananmen Square. The Workers World Party nominated its first candidate for office in 1980. Though the WWP is small, its membership is highly dedicated and can accomplish much. In 1996, the WWP succeeded in capturing a ballot spot in California which led to WWP Presidential candidate Monica Moorehead getting over 29,000 votes (mainly from California) in 1996. Moorehead once again ran for President in 2000 under the WWP ballot, but this time received less than 5,000 votes. The WWP has created a number of front organizations, including the International Action Center (which has been involved in the anti-globalization demonstrations) and the newly-formed ANSWER (an anti-war group). On May 10, FBI Director Louis J. Freeh named the WWP as a "domestic terrorist group" without providing any evidence, paving the way for future attacks on civil liberties on groups for merely having different opinions than the mainstream. This has brought sympathy from many leftists toward the WWP. However, the WWP continues to do things which will turn leftists away from them, including backing the Kimist dictators of North Korea and supporting the efforts of the anti-Semitic, chauvinistic Russian Communist Workers Party (RKRP). Overall, Workers World is one of the most authoritarian groups on the Left today. See the number of votes the WWP received in Presidential elections. What are the WWP's front groups? A front group is any group or organization which is created by a parent group, which subsequently hides its involvement with the front group. The reasons for creating front groups vary. Right-wing political groups frequently create fake environmental organizations. In the case of the Workers World Party, they create front groups because they understand that their politics alienates many working people. It's easy to get involved with a benign group called "International Action Center," which people don't associate with the Stalinist politics of the WWP. However, the IAC's ties to the WWP have become widely exposed, which perhaps explains why the WWP/IAC people created the "A.N.S.W.E.R. anti-war coalition". The Worker's World Party is responsible for the following front groups: the International Action Center, "A.N.S.W.E.R. anti-war coalition", Mumia 2000, Iraq Sanctions Challenge, National Peoples Campaign and the People's Video Network. Contact details 55 W. 17 Street New York, NY 10011 Phone: 212-627-2994 Fax: 212-675-7869 Email: wwp AT workers.org Web: http://www.workers.org Links What you should know about A.N.S.W.E.R, the Workers World Party and the International Action Center - A compilation of anarchist and other anti-authoritarian perspectives

Start off the email by saying something positive about the student, to avoid putting the parent on the defensive. Describe the behavior problem in detail and list dates and situations in which it occurred. When parents and teachers work together? Researchers found that children whose parents were identified by teachers as more positively involved had higher levels of prosocial behaviors and more academic success. This demonstrates that teachers and parents who work together to empower students could help improve student performance. Why is communication with parents so important? Effective communication builds understanding and trust. And when you and parents understand and trust each other, you’ll all be better able to work together to support children’s wellbeing and development. This is why effective communication is key to establishing and maintaining positive partnerships with parents. What is the relationship between teachers and parents? Positive connections between parents and teachers have been shown to improve children’s academic achievement, social competencies and emotional well-being. When parents and teachers work as partners, children do better in school and at home. Why is it important for teachers and parents to work together? Parents and teachers have a common goal: to facilitate the best educational experience possible for students. When parents and teachers communicate with one another, they are able to work together towards this common goal. Each party contributes their own specific skills and knowledge toward meeting the objectives. Is it important to share the rules of your classroom with families? Communicating and informing families about classroom rules can open an important dialogue about developmentally appropriate behavior expectations for young children and effective ways to encourage young children to follow the rules. Teachers can also encourage their children’s families to establish household rules.

Russian President Vladimir Putin says his past as a KGB agent prepared him for public office during a visit to state media's news program "Vremya." Putin appeared on state-run Channel One's "Vremya" on New Year's Day to congratulate the show on its 50-year anniversary. In a short interview, he fielded questions on the media, his role in history and his private life. He also mingled and sipped champagne with the program’s staff. Asked whether he had adjusted his behavior since becoming president, Putin said: "As strange as it sounds, no." "Yes, I’m in the limelight, but in my previous life I always tried to act as if I was constantly being watched," he said. "It's strange, but that's how it worked out, perhaps because of my previous work." Putin served in the KGB between 1975 and 1991, rising to the rank of lieutenant colonel. Read more: East German Files Sketch Putin's KGB Past Putin pointed out the appearance of the Tu-144 Soviet supersonic civilian aircraft as one of the most memorable news events of the past half-century. "It felt at the time and continues to feel like some sort of science fiction," he said. "Even more so back then, it was something unimaginable." The state-funded Channel One is often accused by critics of spreading fake news and toeing the government line. But Putin praised the news program for being "not only rich in information, but it pretty much always was and remains the standard-bearer of reliability." Most read Just in Dec. 8, 2021 Russia’s Inflation Surges Once More, Central Bank Poised for Rate Hike Dec. 8, 2021 Biden Says Sending U.S. Troops to Ukraine 'Not on the Cards' Dec. 8, 2021 What Good Could the Putin/Biden Conversation Really Do? Dec. 8, 2021 Putin Says Russia Has 'Right to Defend its Security' Amid NATO Tensions Dec. 8, 2021 How the West Should Negotiate Over Ukraine 1 russia's response Coronavirus in Russia: The Latest News | Dec. 8 2 CLOSE CALL Moscow Says U.S. Spy Plane Nearly Caused Mid-Air 'Catastrophe' 3 seeking guarantees Putin and Biden Hold Virtual Summit Amid Ukraine Invasion Fears 4 INFLATION Surging Food Prices Threaten Russians’ New Year Celebrations 5 countryside charm Welcome to Bekhovo, Russia's 'Best Village for Tourists' Read more NOT NATO Biden Says Sending U.S. Troops to Ukraine 'Not on the Cards' The U.S. President also said he told Vladimir Putin to expect sanctions "like none he's ever seen" if Russia invades Ukraine. drawing a line Putin Says Russia Has 'Right to Defend its Security' Amid NATO Tensions The comments are Putin's first public remarks since his high-profile talks with U.S. leader Joe Biden. property damage Russia Jails TikToker for Damaging FSB Car During Navalny Protests Konstantin Lakeev, 18, was sentenced to nearly three years in prison for throwing snowballs at the car and then kicking it and jumping on its hood. into orbit Russian Rocket Carrying Japanese Billionaire Docks at ISS Yusaku Maezawa's journey caps a banner year that many have seen as a turning point for private space travel. We need your help now more than ever. Independent media outlets and journalists in Russia are being increasingly targeted with “foreign agent” and “undesirable” labels, threatening the existence of the free press day by day. Your donation to The Moscow Times directly supports the last independent English-language news source within Russia.

Today I wanted to talk a bit about how to manage Eating Disorder Recovery when you’re living with people who engage in dieting or disordered exercise behaviours. These can be hard to ignore and incredibly triggering, however I hope I can share with you some tips to help you stay on your own path and minimise the impact that others have on your own habits. Recovering in a disordered society is something I’ve discussed previously on the blog (I’ll pop the post at the bottom of the page if you fancy giving it a read), but when the diet talk is in your own home, it can be harder to escape. The ways in which you can deal with it will depend on your relationship with the people you live with, be it your family, partner, friends or flatmates, as this will determine your ability to talk to them about your concerns. If you do feel comfortable raising the conversation with them, then there are several things you could discuss to help reduce their behaviours both for your benefit and theirs. Explain why diet culture is toxic - Education can be a great way to reduce engagement with diet culture amongst the people you live with. This is because they may not previously have considered the route of their views or the potential implications of acting on and sharing them. Therefore, discussing diet culture’s fat-phobic messages, impossible beauty standards, and potentially harmful impacts on individual's health could be really beneficial. You could also discuss why diets themselves are ineffective and harmful, and share the science behind this in order to back it up. Furthermore, depending on the values of the people you’re talking to, you could also speak about diet culture as an industry and its methods of profiting through making us feel bad about ourselves. Discuss how their behaviours are affecting you - If you are close to the people you live with and feel able to discuss your personal struggles, then doing so could be a really effective way to reduce their triggering behaviours. This is because the chances are they won’t even have realised that what they’re doing is damaging your mental health. Consequently, letting them know how you feel and initiating open communication may be the best solution. Here you could highlight certain things they do that are especially hard for you to witness, as well as offering potential solutions that would make your cohabitation easier. Both these conversations could go either way depending on how understanding and open to change the people you live with are. They may be incredibly supportive and alter their attitudes in response to your discussion, however there is also a chance they may not be so accommodating. Of course as human beings, they are never going to be perfect and will slip up from time to time, but thankfully the further you progress in your recovery the more tolerant you will become to this. That said, if they choose to disagree with you or disregard your concerns, you will need to have a plan in place to prevent this from affecting your recovery and well-being. Remember you are not to blame if this is the case, by expressing how you feel you are not being “difficult” or “too sensitive” - your feelings are real and valid. The following pieces of advice will therefore be relevant to this situation as well as being useful if initiating a conversation in the first place wasn’t possible. Don’t take it personally - It is likely that the people you’re living with will have been exposed to diet culture for the majority of their lives, and so it is only natural that it will have influenced their outlook on food, weight and exercise. Therefore, despite the fact you may feel angry at them for acting in ways that trigger your Eating Disorder, remember that it is very unlikely they set out to do this. Engaging in diet talk and behaviours is second nature to many, and those who have never experienced mental illness or more specifically an Eating Disorder may not understand the implications their attitudes can have. Therefore, whilst it doesn’t change the fact that their continued failure to alter their behaviours may be hurtful, know that what they do or how they act doesn’t have to hold any power over you. This is easier said than done, as especially if you have explained your feelings to them it can feel like a personal attack, however this belief will not be the one to serve you best. Instead, focus on yourself and the variables you can control which in this case is your response to their behaviours. Use Recovery mantras when feeling triggered - If the people you live with are engaging in behaviours that trigger you, you need to put something in place to ensure you don’t act on the Eating Disorder thoughts they provoke. Personally, I have found Recovery mantras to be most useful here, as reminding yourself of “different bodies, different paths”, for example, can help to reduce comparison. This is because it reinforces the idea that your body is not affected by what anyone else does, and so regardless of whether they are exercising more or eating less you do not have to change. Your body doesn’t care about anything other than keeping you safe and healthy, and so you can trust in it to identify your personal needs and consequently ignore what others are doing. Engage with people who hold more healthy attitudes - Obviously, writing this in 2021 the current lockdown restrictions prevent us from going out and meeting other people, but that doesn’t stop you from interacting with others online. If the people you live with are unable to match your recovery attitudes towards food, weight and exercise, then connect with people who share your values and beliefs be it via social media or other friends and family on the phone. This is important in order to reduce the potential isolation you are experiencing as a result of living with people immersed in diet culture. It can also help prevent you from falling into their mindset as it reminds you of the diversity of our population and the fact you are not alone.

2020 has been a crazy year. There still is no clarity or uncertainty on what schools (elementary, secondary, undergraduate and post-graduate) will be doing this coming Fall. Here are some things to consider when considering your options this year during COVID-19. A few MBA programs have announced online-only options for the 2020-2021 school year: Wharton (University of Pennsylvania) McDonough School of Business (Georgetown) Harvard Business School You have some options when considering an MBA for the upcoming year. Some schools are allowing you to defer your enrollment to a future semester if you’ve already been accepted. You may also be getting a discount for the program as many schools won’t be charging you room, board, and technology fees when you’re attending online only. Some schools are going to an accelerated Fall schedule, in hopes that shifting the semester a bit will help avoid the anticipated coronavirus peaks which could coincide with flu season. Dartmouth and Cornell are some schools planning on ending classes by Thanksgiving, while others are doing online-only finals after Thanksgiving. Maybe an MBA isn’t worth it at all, if only online. Many will tell you that MBA Programs during COVID are not worth it, like Paulina Karpis says in this Forbes article. Karpis’s main points are that the value likely isn’t there, especially in considering the hiring freezes and soft economy. But it may be a good shelter from the bad job market, just make sure you do a cost-benefit analysis. The University of Iowa Discontinues Its Full-Time MBA Program by paul | School Selection The Tippie College of Business recently graduated its last full-time MBA class. Tippie is part of the University of Iowa in Iowa City, IA. The school had been seeing declining enrollment in its full-time MBA program. The peak enrollment was in the 1990’s, falling to 140 students in 2012 and 87 students in 2017, according to university spokesperson Tom Snee. The Tippie College of Business recently graduated its last full-time MBA class. Tippie is part of the University of Iowa in Iowa City, IA. The school had been seeing declining enrollment in its full-time MBA program. The peak enrollment was in the 1990’s, falling to 140 students in 2012 and 87 students in 2017, according to university spokesperson Tom Snee. Jordan Simpson, a graduate of the last Full-Time MBA Class at the University of Iowa (Jim Slosiarek/The Gazette) The school has decided to reassign its full-time faculty to other areas of the business college. None of the the 24 faculty members will lose their jobs, according to Dean Sarah Gardial. “The most compelling thing to us was that we had significant resources tied up in a program that was shrinking year by year,” Gardial said. Although applications for MBA programs are down 6.6 percent, you shouldn’t rule out an MBA, full-time or part-time. Jordan Simpson, a graduate of the last class at Tippie College of Business, said, “there still is value in a full-time MBA. That being said, I think with the labor market the way it is, it’s tougher to justify leaving work for two years to do a full-time MBA.” Simpson continued, “The part-time MBA is an opportunity for (students) to stay in their jobs and not have the opportunity cost of not working two years, while positioning themselves to get promoted or work at a higher level.” Read more about the full-time MBA program at the University of Iowa at The Gazette in the story written by Thomas Friestad. Recently Graduated? Job Search Tips for the MBA Student by paul | Tips Businessweek recently published an article which gives several tips for the graduate looking for a job. It offers some great advice, including: Determine when you need to start getting paid, then use that determination to develop your job search plan Consider using an MBA career center at your school, which does not close during the Summer months. Consider meeting with a career coach who will help you target you goals Work backward from your career goals to develop stepping stones for achieving these goals. Read more here. Do You Need an MBA to be a Highly Paid CEO? by paul | MBA Salary, Tips, Why Get an MBA One of the highest paid CEOs in the world is Fuqua (Duke) MBA Tim Cook. He is the CEO at Apple and his compensation package totals $378 million. This raises the question: do you need an MBA to be one of the highest paid CEOs in the world? Not exactly. If you take a look at a list of the globe’s wealthiest people, you’ll find CEOs that have dropped out of school (Mark Zuckerberg, Michael Dell, Larry Ellison, Bill Gates). You’ll also see many that simply inherited it like the Sam Walton progeny. A large number tinkered and invented their way to the list like Dell, Steve Jobs, and Larry Page and Sergey Brin of Google. Yes, there are other MBAs on the list beside Cook. Russia’s Alexei Mordashov is the wealthiest MBA (he’s ranked #29). Michael Bloomberg has an MBA from Harvard and ends up at #30. The wealthiest people in the world probably don’t have an MBA. But that doesn’t mean an MBA is without merit. The MBA is about getting you into that corner office, not putting you on the list of wealthiest people in the world. But it is important to note that 40 of the 100 best paid CEO’s in America have an MBA. MBA Enrollments Down in the UK by paul | School Selection, Tips According to a recent article in the Financial Times, enrollment in the 16 full-time MBA programs are down 10-15% in the UK. The economy is the primary reason, but another reason is the strict visa requirements put in place by the government. Just a short time ago, foreign graduates of UK MBA programs lost the right to work for two years in the UK–which also has an impact on interest in the schools there. Some schools are trying to find ways to attract more students. Oxford’s Saïd school is trying out a community education bonds program in which alumni invest in the students who follow after them. Prodigy Finance, which runs the bond program, says that there are other UK MBA schools looking to carry out the plan as well. Fun MBA Schools: Carlson Holiday Flash Mob by paul | JD/MBA, School Selection You should always consider the “fun” vibe of a school before choosing your school. There are many fun MBA schools out there: Berkeley and Stanford usually come to mind. But this latest YouTube video just put a new school in the list of fun mba schools. Carlson School of Management at the University of Minnesota just posted a YouTube video where they did a flash mob for Christmas. It starts out innocently enough as a lone saxophone player plays a haunting tune in the middle of the student commons area. Soon after another student puts some money in his instrument case and requests “Deck the Halls.” She sings along with a beautiful voice, prompting other students to come join in (singing in perfect harmony). Before you know it, the crowd of participants grows to the point where a security guard joins, cuing the choreography. This is a great video. And I think it illustrates just how fun an MBA can be (at times). After watching this, I’d have to consider Minnesota to be one of a handful of fun MBA schools. By the way, Minnesota is one of those 133 schools on our JD/MBA programs list. 133 JD/MBA Programs Listed by paul | JD/MBA One thing that has frustrated me is the utter lack of information about schools that offer JD/MBA programs. Until now there has not been a comprehensive list of schools offering the joint degree. So I set out to change that. I created the definitive list of JD/MBA programs. I’m sure there are a few here or there that I have missed, so please let me know in the comments section if I missed something. As always, I appreciate all the help and feedback from my readers. Go and get that JD/MBA! MBA Rankings 2011 on Youtube by paul | MBA Rankings 2011 I just finished uploading the latest video on Youtube. Watch it: Most of the information in the video comes from the MBA Rankings 2011 page on this site. The Importance of Visiting Your Potential School by paul | School Selection When applying for admission to your MBA program of choice, make sure you plan for at least one campus visit. Even if the campus is far away–perhaps even in another country. Why? You should be sure that the school is a good fit for you. It would be terrible if you arrive on campus only to find out that the school isn’t a good fit for you. This could be for any number of reasons, like the school location, a social climate that you don’t feel comfortable in, or maybe the school didn’t properly advertise itself online. Don’t assume that just because a school has great ratings that it is a good fit for you. You should be sure that you like the city that the school is located in. Without visiting, you may never know that the school is in a city with a great atmosphere–or a bad one. You should find out if you like the city, that it offers what you are looking for in terms of entertainment, social climate, activities, local organizations and churches, temples, or mosques. In competitive schools, a campus visit sets you apart. If you are looking to attend one of the top MBA schools, you must be willing to at least visit the school first. Why? Because the admissions department will notice your drive and investment into your MBA degree. It will make you stand out. Now the question comes up: when should I visit campus? I recommend visiting while classes are in session, before you submit your application to the program. This will help you determine if the school and area are right for you and, if it is, gives the admissions folks a taste of your commitment. Note Taking Strategies for Your MBA Class by paul | Tips I’m a bit of a “taking notes” nerd, so I have a lot of note taking strategies. This has helped me to keeping a 4.0 average throughout my MBA classes. I don’t claim to be an expert on note taking techniques in other fields of study, but these tips have served me well in my MBA courses and in my Computer Engineering undergraduate degree. Do the Required Reading before Class If your professor has assigned you reading before class begins (and she usually has), you must actually do the reading. I know you’re busy and you had to work late on Tuesday. And I know you’d rather do something else—but you have to read the section eventually anyway. She’s going to put the reading about forceful leadership or FIFO accounting on the midterm, and she’s going to lecture about it in class tonight. You may as well get your reading out of the way tonight so you can follow along as she goes. If you don’t understand something on page 117, you can ask about it at the appropriate point in the lecture and I guarantee you’re going to get full credit for class participation. This seems like one of the harder suggestions from my note taking strategies, but it really doesn’t have to be. Why does this help with taking killer notes? Because the key to good note taking is good listening. If you can follow along in class, you can listen to the teacher effectively. You won’t waste time frantically scribbling down the formula for calculating the coupon rate for a bond because you will know it is already described in depth on page 314 of the required reading. Use Different-Colored Pens or Pencils Sounds nerdy, huh? Many guys feel that this is a bit—ahem—effeminate. But you wanted my advice, so I give it. Use a different colored pen for important points so that it stands out in your notes when you review them later. But trust me, on the night before your final you’ll be glad it’s easy to find your notes describing the strengths and weaknesses of focus groups as you trudge through the study guide. I personally use a pencil for the notes I take by default, with a blue colored pen (I recommend a Blue 0.5mm Pilot G2 because it writes 90% as well as a Mont Blanc, and it writes 100% as well with Mont Blanc refills). Why does this help with taking killer notes? Because it will make your notes usable. When you just “info dump” everything onto paper without any designation around what is important or not, your notes become a packrat’s pantry filled with information that is hard to analyze. Most of your professors give you a “study guide” before your major exams, and having an easy way to find the information you need as you prepare for the test. The less time spent finding information means you have more time to spend on sleeping. Divide Your Page Into two Columns On each page of your notes you should divide the page into two columns, with a section at the bottom for your summary. This is based on the Cornell Note Taking system, devised in the 1950s by Walter Paulk at Cornell University. This is one of the most famous note taking strategies in the world. You do the majority of your note taking in the right-hand column (note-taking column) and leave the left-hand column for keywords or questions that arose during lecture. For example, as your professor drones on and on about price elasticity of demand you can record his points on the right. On the left you may write “Price Elasticity of Demand” and below that write “What products have a high P.E.o.D.?” because the professor asked the students the same question. Leave the question unanswered on the left… you can jot down the class discussion on the right. Split your page up like this The Cornell Note Taking system also requires you to leave two inches at the bottom of each page for your brief summary. You do this after the class has finished as your review your notes. As you decide how to summarize each page of notes it forces you to reflect and develop your own opinions of the material. This not only helps with recall, but it makes you a better critical thinker. Why does this help with taking killer notes? Because it forces you to take notes that are easy to navigate. When you follow this system and use a different colored pen for your key headings, your notes will be the envy of your class. Even that forty year old guy who has 34 direct reports at his company. Date and Number the Pages of your Notes I don’t know why I need to put this here, but you would be surprised at the number of students who couldn’t be bothered to do such a simple thing. Listen kids, it’s vital that you can put your notes in the correct order when you need to refer back to them later. You may take five pages of notes in one class alone…Good luck studying for your final when you have 34 pages of loose leaf notebook paper catching rays all throughout your living floor…with no easy way to put them back in order. Get into the habit of putting the date and the page number of notes at the top of every page you grace with your Pilot G2. If you want to put more, like the course number and even the topic of the day, go ahead. Why does this help with taking killer notes? Because you can put your notes back together again when they fall out of your binder. Think it won’t happen to you? Then you’re being foolishly foolish, foolish fool. Be as Brief as Possible You know you can’t write as fast as your professor speaks, and you don’t want to read all his utterings later anyway. So you need to be selective in what you choose to write. Instead of writing “In the Human Equation (1998), Jeffrey Pfeffer reasons that the importance of selective hiring is that by having a large applicant pool, an organization can select the right people for their workforce” put “Pfeffer: big applicant pool = org. can hire right people.” I know you’re already doing this to some extent, but this is more than just writing down the words that sound important. You need to listen to what Dr. Freschenschmitz is saying, put it in your own words, and then record it in a succinct way. As you get better at it you can do it without thinking. Until then, write faster or find a courtroom reporter to help you with your note taking strategies. Why does this help with taking killer notes? Because you will fall behind and miss important points if you’re too busy finishing up the thoughts from two slides ago. And you know you have to write down the results of the next study because your professor is published in this area. He’s gonna put it on the test. Develop Conventions You need to develop your own set of symbols and abbreviations to save time. They have to be your creation, too. Your conventions will probably change depending on the class too. For example, in my leadership class I found myself needing to write out the word “Leadership” a lot (go figure). So I just started writing a letter L with an arrow on top, like it was pointing up. That was my symbol for leadership. When we talked about situational leadership, I’d just write SL, but the L had the arrow hat on his head. He looked like a poor peasant “L” to you, maybe, but to me he was a proud “leadership” L. Why does this help with taking killer notes? Because you will be more efficient when writing your notes. You’ll have less to write and less to review. And you can have fun with the conventions you use, too. Review Your Notes Each Week This goes hand-in-hand with the Cornell Note Taking system described above. This is where you answer the questions you wrote in the cue column during class. And you also need to write a one or two sentence summary of your notes in the 2” tall section you created at the bottom of each page. When you spend ten minutes a week reviewing your notes you will be able to recall nearly all of your main points. I know you’re busy with your regular life, but ten minutes a week is not anything to complain about. If it is, you shouldn’t be trying to get an MBA. Instead you should be looking for an administrative assistant. Why does this help with taking killer notes? Because what good are notes if you can’t remember what’s in them? The whole reason you’re taking classes is so you will learn—so why not put some effort into learning, right? This isn’t an exhaustive list of all the note taking strategies that can help you in your quest for an “A.” But these tips are the easiest and most effective for me. « Older Entries Recent Posts MBA Programs during COVID-19 The University of Iowa Discontinues Its Full-Time MBA Program Recently Graduated? Job Search Tips for the MBA Student Do You Need an MBA to be a Highly Paid CEO? MBA Enrollments Down in the UK Categories GMAT JD/MBA MBA Rankings 2011 MBA Salary School Selection Tips What Does MBA Stand For Why Get an MBA Privacy & Cookies: This site uses cookies. By continuing to use this website, you agree to their use.

xaf currency, Egyptian pound currency, Ghana currency, vnd currency, Israeli new shekel currency, Japan currency, myr conversion, Pakistani Rupee conversion, sgd money rate, Sri Lankan rupee money rate, exchange rate South Korea, convert Thai baht Currency user map: South African rand users The South African rand is the currency of South Africa (officially the Republic of South Africa) which locates at the southernmost of Africa. It is also widely accepted in Namibia, Lesotho, Swaziland and Zimbabwe. South Africa South Africa was independent from the United Kingdom on May 31, 1910. is the only country in the world which has three capitals. The three capital cities are Cape Town (legislative capital, as the seat of Parliament)), Pretoria (the administrative capital, as the seat of the President and Cabinet), and Bloemfontein (the judicial capital, as the seat of the Supreme Court of Appeal). Users of South African Rand (ZAR) Nations Legal currency Code Notes South Africa South African rand ZAR 1. South Africa (officially the Republic of South Africa) was independent from the U.K on May 31, 1910 and is a member of Common Monetary Area. 2. South African rand was introduced on 14 February 1961, and replaced the South African pound at the rate of 2 rand =1 pound or 10 shillings. Lesotho Lesotho loti LSL 1. Lesotho (officially the Kingdom of Lesotho) was independent from the U.K. on October 4, 1966 and is a member of Common Monetary Area. 2. The South African rand is accepted as legal tender in Lesotho. The Lesotho loti is pegged with the South African rand at par. 3. The Lesotho loti was firstly issued in 1966 but non-circulating. It became legal tender in 1980 and issued its own coins and banknotes. Swaziland Swazi lilangeni SZL 1. Swaziland (officially the Kingdom of Swaziland) was independent from British mandate on September 6, 1968 and is a member of Common Monetary Area. 2. The South African rand is accepted in Swaziland. 3. The Swazi lilangeni was introduced in 1974 pegged with the South African rand at par. Namibia Namibian dollar NAD 1. Namibia (officially the Republic of Namibia) was independent from South Africa on Marcy 21, 1990. It automatically became a member of Common Monetary Area upon independence but withdrew CMA in 1993 with its own currency of Namibian dollar introduction. 2. The South African rand had been the country's currency from 1920 to 1993 when the Namibian dollar was introduced. It is still officially accepted in Namibia and is pegged by Namibian dollar at par. Zimbabwe The U.S. dollar USD The Zimbabwean dollar was used in Zimbabwe from 1980 to 2009 and is no longer active because of hyperinflation. Currently besides the U.S. dollar being used as official currency, some currencies of euro, South African rand, Botswana pula, Pound sterling are also used in Zimbabwe. South African rand history The South African rand was introduced on February 14, 1961 as a decimal currency. It replaced the South African pound at a rate of 2 rand = 1 pound or 10 shillings. The South pound was used in South Africa from 1825 to 1961 with subdivision of shillings and pence (1 pound= 20 shillings= 240 pence). South African rand coins and banknotes The South African rand is subdivided into 100 cents. Currently in circulation coins are in denominations of 5, 10, 20, 50 cent, 1, 2, 5 rand, and banknotes are in denominations of 10, 20, 50, 100, 200 rand.

In the nation of Partoria, large trucks currently have a much higher rate of traffic accidents per mile driven than other vehicles do. However, the very largest trucks-those with three trailers-had less than a third of the accident rate of single- and double-trailer trucks. Clearly, therefore, one way for Partoria to reduce the number of traffic accidents would be to require shippers to increase their use of triple-trailer trucks. Which of the following, if true, most seriously weakens the argument? 【选项】Partorian trucking companies currently use triple-trailer trucks only for long trips using major highways, which is the safest kind of trip for large trucks.

What goes into a blog post? Helpful, industry-specific content that: 1) gives readers a useful takeaway, and 2) shows you’re an industry expert. Use your company’s blog posts to opine on current industry topics, humanize your company, and show how your products and services can help people. 1 thought on “Blog Post Title” Mr WordPress says: June 18, 2010 at 8:51 pm Hi, this is a comment. To delete a comment, just log in and view the post's comments. There you will have the option to edit or delete them.

When designing any new room in the house, it is essential to be aware of its environmental impact. Many states are implementing new guidelines homeowners must meet in order to reduce energy consumption and maintain a clean planet for future generations. One of the most environmentally unfriendly areas of the home is the bathroom, as it uses lots of water in the toilets, showers, and sinks. If you are worried about not meeting local water or power consumption laws, consider the following environmentally friendly bathroom design concepts. To begin, you will need to install low-flow faucets on your sinks and showerhead. This can easily be done by purchasing inexpensive replacements at the hardware store or online. When it comes to your toilet, there are two bathroom ideas in decatur, il: purchase a high-efficiency model or install a water-saving device such as an aerator which decreases the water consumption used with every flush. Additionally, homeowners should consider using energy-efficient light bulbs. These bulbs produce the same amount of light as regular ones yet will save you lots of money each month. Another concept in environmentally friendly bathroom design is to keep your cabinets and drawers organized. This will reduce cross-contamination of hygiene products, thus reducing waste. Insulating your pipes is a great way to reduce the amount of heating and cooling your house uses. It is also a smart bathroom design idea because it will keep you from hearing those pipes rattle when the water is running. You can also choose wall designs that incorporate recycled materials, such as tiles made from recycled glass bottles or decorations made from recycled plastics. Additionally, consider using natural cleaning products for your bathroom, such as baking soda and vinegar, as opposed to harsh chemicals that could pollute the environment.

Had a search and couldn't find much info. I'm looking to get some lessons. I phoned the local school and he said minimum 6 hours (3 x 2). Would this be about right? I can already wakeboard, surf, windsurf etc and have a trainer kite. I've also done some body dragging with a mates kite, so have a basic understanding. I don't want to go out unprepared, so am just checking what ya reckon and how many lessons you had etc cbulota WA 1356 posts cbulota WA, 1356 posts 11 Oct 2021 2:34PM Hi Zed, I believe we spoke on the phone today. Here is an article to help you decide: www.kitebud.com.au/how-many-lessons-do-you-need-to-learn-kitesurfing/ It also depends what goals you want to reach by the end of your lessons ? For example, if your goal is to be able to ride upwind comfortably and do transitions, that is not achievable in 6 hours even for the most talented learner. Learning to ride the board is a skill you can develop on your own after lessons, although it can take much more time / effort compared to learning those skills with a coach equipped with radio helmets and video analysis. As the article mentions, lessons are required to learn all the safety aspects and all skills required to be independent / confident / competent handling a full size kite without necessarily being able to ride the board well. A slow learner (20% of students) would require more than 12 hours of lessons to reach that level An average learner (70-80% of students) would require 6 to 10 hours of lessons to reach that level A fast learner (less than 10% of students) would require less than 6 hours to reach that level. Lesson quality can vary a lot from school to school. Learning in shallow water would typically get you on the board quicker but without learning the proper skills to become independent and competent in deep waters. This is discussed in details in this article: www.kitebud.com.au/how-good-were-your-lessons/ Hope this helps Christian - KiteBud Zed WA 1224 posts Zed WA, 1224 posts 11 Oct 2021 2:52PM Select to expand quote cbulota said.. Hi Zed, I believe we spoke on the phone today. Here is an article to help you decide: www.kitebud.com.au/how-many-lessons-do-you-need-to-learn-kitesurfing/ It also depends what goals you want to reach by the end of your lessons ? For example, if your goal is to be able to ride upwind comfortably and do transitions, that is not achievable in 6 hours even for the most talented learner. Learning to ride the board is a skill you can develop on your own after lessons, although it can take much more time / effort compared to learning those skills with a coach equipped with radio helmets and video analysis. As the article mentions, lessons are required to learn all the safety aspects and all skills required to be independent / confident / competent handling a full size kite without necessarily being able to ride the board well. A slow learner (20% of students) would require more than 12 hours of lessons to reach that level An average learner (70-80% of students) would require 6 to 10 hours of lessons to reach that level A fast learner (less than 10% of students) would require less than 6 hours to reach that level. Lesson quality can vary a lot from school to school. Learning in shallow water would typically get you on the board quicker but without learning the proper skills to become independent and competent in deep waters. This is discussed in details in this article: www.kitebud.com.au/how-good-were-your-lessons/ Hope this helps Christian - KiteBud Great thanks for that Christian, will be in touch. Rusty01 21 posts Rusty01 21 posts 11 Oct 2021 3:47PM Hey mate, everyone learns at differing speeds and some people are more naturally switched on than other's. I had 1x 3 hr lesson which was enough for me to learn safety aspects and body dragging. Even knocked over a few water starts. After that I felt comfortable to learn myself and it was all sweet. I just made sure I practiced underpowered for the first few sessions and then once I hit some decent wind I was up and away. That was me anyway. If you're a comfortable board rider the transition to flying the kite shouldn't be too hard. All the best. P.s I must agree with Christian that once you get into deep water, it's a totally different feeling to being able to put your feet down and stabilise everything. Is in you can't relaunch your kite you need to know how to self rescue. THE PIN PULLER WA 410 posts THE PIN PULLER WA, 410 posts 12 Oct 2021 9:56AM I swapped a kite for a mobile phone in 98 got ripped off the beach in off shore winds with a carabiner instead of the quick release. I did survive my 2 cents would be to always get lessons(NOT FROM YOUR MATES). ALWAYS RIG FOR THE LULLS. Chris_M 2087 posts Chris_M 2087 posts 14 Oct 2021 6:08AM Thats the IKO norm - 3x2 hour lessons (I think that's still current). You'll probs learn quicker by the sounds of it - either you'll progress faster and check off your skills and not need the whole 6 hours, or you will get time to really learn the in's and out's in much better detail and be far better prepared for the future. You only have to do your lessons once, but they will set the foundation for your entire lifetime of kitesurfing so it's worth doing properly. Remember, it's not just about learning to get up and go..... you also need (and I mean NEED) to know how to recover your board, self-rescue (s h I t happens, and it does), pick suitable flying locations etc. You will save yourself from a word of hurt/ gear loss etc if you follow the steps. Enjoy, kitesurfing is frigging awesome! CH3MTR4IL5 WA 344 posts CH3MTR4IL5 WA, 344 posts 15 Oct 2021 5:52PM Select to expand quote THE PIN PULLER said.. I swapped a kite for a mobile phone in 98 got ripped off the beach in off shore winds lucky you didn't still have the kite or you would have gone a lot further Jhana WA 97 posts Jhana WA, 97 posts 16 Oct 2021 9:09PM Select to expand quote The more lessons you have the faster and safer you will learn, I foil now and surf waves and I still take lessons, it's the best investment. People think the latest kite will improve your kiting but it's a fallacy. I recently took some wave kiting lessons and I learnt techniques I could never learn from utube or friends. The teacher followed me then we had a chat on the beach then I followed him in the waves and I copied how he wanted me to kite. Amazing improvement, I have now down cutbacks on the face of waves etc Take more lessons as much as you can afford ptpete WA 1 posts ptpete WA, 1 posts 9 Nov 2021 4:47PM Hi Zed. I too came from a background of wakeboarding, skatebaording, surfing and snow boarding.. Whilst this can help with the board control, your wakeboarding may create be a hindrance, as trying to retrain your brain to not pull on the bar to increase your power/tension in the line adds to the complexity. (its bloody frustrating)I learnt with Kitebud and decided to go with 8 hours of lessons, as well as purchase equipment so I can continue with my progression after leaning. I chose this because if I'm going to learn, then i wanted to do it right the first time and develop the right technique, rather than correct poor technique due to shortcutting lessons. Whilst I think I could have stopped at 6 hours, the extra 2 gave me the chance to iron out some standing issues, as well as ensuring I was able to body drag and rescue my board without issue.. which has been a blessing this season as I now try to perfect water starts and upwind riding. Best of luck and enjoy learning a new sport. Pete Please Register, or Login first... Topics Subscribe Reply Forums > Kitesurfing> > General "Lessons for noob" started by Zed Register Login × Send Message You have read up to here. Please note! This site is in active development, and is a "Kitesurfing Only" view-only portal of Seabreeze. Visit seabreeze.com.au for the full experience. :-) About kiteboarder.com.au kiteboarder.com.au showcases the latest & freshest Kitesurfing content in Australia. Working with Seabreeze.com.au, we filter Seabreeze to show the newest Kitesurfing articles, classifieds, photos, news, events and more...

In many cases, the amount of money a renter spends on rent can be about the same as or less than the amount a homeowner spends on a mortgage. With the tax benefit for homeowners, the savings can be significant. The chart below shows a cost comparison for a renter and a homeowner over a seven year period. The renter starts out paying $800 per month with annual increases of 5% The homeowner purchases a home for $110,000 and pays a monthly mortgage of $1,000 After 6 years, the homeowner's payment is lower than the renter's monthly payment With the tax savings of homeownership, the homeowner's payment is less than the rental payment after 3 years Years Rent Payment Mortgage Payment Monthly Difference After Tax Savings Yearly Difference After Tax Savings Years Rent Payment Mortgage Payment Monthly Difference After Tax Savings Yearly Difference After Tax Savings 1 800 1000 -200 -50 -2400 -600 2 840 1000 -160 -10 -1920 -120 3 882 1000 -118 +32 -1416 +384 4 926 1000 -74 +76 -888 +912 5 972 1000 -28 +122 -336 +1464 6 1021 1000 +21 +171 +252 +2052 7 1072 1000 +72 +222 +864 +2664 8-30 Savings increase every year Loan Programs Available for First-Time Buyers First time home buyer loans allow buyers to get into a house more easily. However, just because you’re a first time home buyer doesn’t mean you should use a first time home buyer loan. These programs have restrictions and strings attached. While they are a perfect fit for some, first time home buyer loans are the wrong choice for others. A person’s first home purchase is a big deal. It takes time, energy, and money. To help with the money hurdle, some people use first time home buyer loans. These programs vary depending on where they’re offered, but the general idea is this: first time home buyer loans give financial assistance to qualified borrowers. They may do this in the following ways: - Allow for a very low (or no) down payment - Subsidize interest costs (they pay all or part of it) - Offer grants - Forgive loans - Limit fees that lenders are allowed to charge - Defer payments Note that first time home buyer loans available to you might offer any or none of the benefits listed above. A good place to research first time home buyer loans available in Michigan is the HUD Web site on home buying programs. Visit the HUD website for more FHA information and guidelines - HUD website. Who Gets First Time Home Buyer Loans? As you might imagine, individuals who have never owned a home are good candidates. In addition, some programs offer first time home buyer loans to people who have not found a home within the last three years. You may have to meet certain income restrictions to qualify for a subsidized first time home buyer loan. In general, these programs try to limit benefits to people with low and moderate income levels. If you earn too much, you won’t qualify for the program. More on FHA. FHA Loan Programs - Click Here | HUD info for Michigan - Click Here How Much Can I Afford There are a host of calculators available to assist you with determining how much home you can afford. check our mortgage calculator to see what feels comfortable to you. In the end, your mortgage broker can best assist you with what you can afford by going over the loan process and expenses that lenders use to calculate loan determinations. Helping to Make Your Dream a Reality! Finding and buying a new home should be a rewarding experience. At Signature Sotheby's International Realty, we know the search for your dream home is about more than just putting a roof over your head. It's an expression of your hopes and dreams, your lifestyle and values. It's a place to spend time with family and friends, as well as your personal retreat at the end of your day. Signature Sotheby's International Realty has been helping people find their dream home since 1967. We are proud to be your real estate partner…wherever life leads you! Search more than 35,000 property listings throughout Southeast Michigan - Property Search Property Search City: Price: No Min$10,000$50,000$75,000$100,000$150,000$200,000$250,000$300,000$350,000$400,000$450,000$500,000$550,000$600,000$650,000$700,000$800,000$900,000$1,000,000$1,100,000$1,200,000$1,300,000$1,400,000$1,500,000$2,000,000$2,500,000$3,000,000$3,500,000$4,000,000$4,500,000$5,000,000$5,500,000$6,000,000$6,500,000$7,000,000$7,500,000$8,000,000$8,500,000$9,000,000$10,000,000$11,000,000$12,000,000$13,000,000$14,000,000$15,000,000$16,000,000$17,000,000$18,000,000$19,000,000$20,000,000 to No Max$10,000$50,000$75,000$100,000$150,000$200,000$250,000$300,000$350,000$400,000$450,000$500,000$550,000$600,000$650,000$700,000$800,000$900,000$1,000,000$1,100,000$1,200,000$1,300,000$1,400,000$1,500,000$2,000,000$2,500,000$3,000,000$3,500,000$4,000,000$4,500,000$5,000,000$5,500,000$6,000,000$6,500,000$7,000,000$7,500,000$8,000,000$8,500,000$9,000,000$10,000,000$11,000,000$12,000,000$13,000,000$14,000,000$15,000,000$16,000,000$17,000,000$18,000,000$19,000,000$20,000,000 Type: HELPFUL RESOURCES Mortgage Info Why Rent? Foreclosure Information Staging To Sell Property Tax Estimator My Closing Papers Call us at 800-458-7356 Tradition. Expertise. Innovation. 800-458-7356 "Selling distinction since 1932" SERVICES Selling Buying Relocation Financing Area Information INFORMATION Our Associates Our Company Our Location Contact Us AGENT LOGIN: PASSWORD: Sotheby's International Realty | Sotheby's Copyright © 2016 Signature Sotheby's International Realty. All rights reserved. Privacy Policy Sotheby's International Realty® is a registered trademark licensed to Sotheby's International Realty Affiliates LLC. Each Office is independently Owned and Operated. Signature Sotheby's International Realty fully supports the principles of the Fair Housing Act and the Equal Opportunity Act. The information set forth on this site is based upon information which we consider reliable, but because it has been supplied by third parties, we can not represent that it is accurate or complete, and it should not be relied upon as such. The offerings are subject to errors, omissions, changes, including price, or withdrawal without notice. All dimensions are approximate and have not been verified by the selling party and can not be verified by Signature Sotheby's International Realty. It is recommended that you hire a professional in the business of determining dimensions, such as an appraiser, architect or civil engineer, to determine such information.

This website uses cookies to improve your experience. We'll assume you're ok with this, but you can opt-out if you wish.Accept Read More Privacy & Cookies Policy Close Privacy Overview This website uses cookies to improve your experience while you navigate through the website. Out of these, the cookies that are categorized as necessary are stored on your browser as they are essential for the working of basic functionalities of the website. We also use third-party cookies that help us analyze and understand how you use this website. These cookies will be stored in your browser only with your consent. You also have the option to opt-out of these cookies. But opting out of some of these cookies may affect your browsing experience. Necessary Necessary Always Enabled Necessary cookies are absolutely essential for the website to function properly. This category only includes cookies that ensures basic functionalities and security features of the website. These cookies do not store any personal information. Non-necessary Non-necessary Any cookies that may not be particularly necessary for the website to function and is used specifically to collect user personal data via analytics, ads, other embedded contents are termed as non-necessary cookies. It is mandatory to procure user consent prior to running these cookies on your website. SAVE & ACCEPT '); var formated_str = arr_splits[i].replace(/\surl\(\'(?!data\:)/gi, function regex_function(str) { return ' url(\'' + dir_path + '/' + str.replace(/url\(\'/gi, '').replace(/^\s+|\s+$/gm,''); }); splited_css += ""; } var td_theme_css = jQuery('link#td-theme-css'); if (td_theme_css.length) { td_theme_css.after(splited_css); } } }); } })();

You are in: Under Secretary for Arms Control and International Security > Bureau of International Security and Nonproliferation (ISN) > Releases > Fact Sheets > 2001 Fact Sheet Bureau of Nonproliferation Washington, DC January 20, 2001 African Nuclear Weapons Free Zone Treaty The African Nuclear Weapon Free Zone Treaty, also known as the Treaty of Pelindaba, establishes a nuclear weapon free zone in Africa. Signature of the Treaty culminates a 32-year quest for a nuclear free Africa, beginning when the Organization of African Unity formally stated its desire for a Treaty ensuring the denuclearization of Africa at its first Summit in Cairo in July 1964. The United States has supported the concept of the denuclearization of Africa since the first United Nations General Assembly resolution on this issue in 1965 and has played an active role in drafting the final text of the Treaty and Protocols. The Treaty prohibits the research, development, manufacture, stockpiling, acquisition, testing, possession, control or stationing of nuclear explosive devices in the territory of parties to the Treaty and the dumping of radioactive wastes in the African zone by Treaty parties. The Treaty also prohibits any attack against nuclear installations in the zone by Treaty parties and requires them to maintain the highest standards of physical protection of nuclear material, facilities and equipment, which are to be used exclusively for peaceful purposes. The Treaty requires all parties to apply full-scope international Atomic Energy Agency safeguards to all their peaceful nuclear activities. A mechanism to verify compliance, including the establishment of the African Commission on Nuclear Energy, has been established by the Treaty. The Treaty affirms the right of each party to decide for itself whether to allow visits by foreign ships and aircraft to its ports and airfields, explicitly upholds the freedom of navigation on the high seas and does not effect rights to passage through territorial waters guaranteed by international law. The Treaty has three Protocols. Under Protocol I, the United States, France, the United Kingdom, the Russian Federation and China are invited to agree not to use or threaten to use a nuclear explosive device against any Treaty party or against any territory of a Protocol III party within the African zone. Under Protocol II, the United States, France, the United Kingdom, the Russian Federation and China are invited to agree not to test or assist or encourage the testing of a nuclear explosive device anywhere with the African zone. Protocol III is open to states with dependent territories in the zone and obligates them to observe certain provisions of the Treaty with respect to these territories; only Spain and France may become Parties to it. The Treaty was opened for signature on April 11, 1996 in Cairo, Egypt. All the States of Africa are eligible to become parties to the Treaty, which with enter into force upon its 28th ratification; the Protocols with also into force at that time for those Protocol signatories that have deposited their instruments of ratification. Updates | Frequent Questions | Contact Us | Email this Page | Subject Index | Search The Office of Electronic Information, Bureau of Public Affairs, manages this site as a portal for information from the U.S. State Department. External links to other Internet sites should not be construed as an endorsement of the views or privacy policies contained therein. About state.gov | Privacy Notice | FOIA | Copyright Information | Other U.S. Government Information Published by the U.S. Department of State Website at http://www.state.gov maintained by the Bureau of Public Affairs.

The professional tennis tournament is about to take place in the Tennis Open 2021 at abcya3 games sport. Are you ready to compete and write your name on the leaderboard? abcya3.net Rating: 3.9230769230769 out of 5 based on 13 user ratings Share: Tennis Open 2021 GamePlay: Great! A professional tennis tournament with the participation of many athletes from many countries around the world was present in Tennis Open 2021 at abcya3 sport games. This game promises to bring players many levels of emotions about dramatic matches. This game has extremely eye-catching and realistic graphics. It fully simulates a tennis match in reality from small details such as spectators, referees, line referees. All are extremely realistic and vivid, so we believe you can satisfy your passion for tennis in this game. You will compete directly with an opponent on the field with realistic ball manipulation. You need to choose the right position and hit the ball exactly towards the opponent and make them unstoppable. You can control the player to move sideways on the field and move the mouse to adjust the direction of the ball. Imagine that you are a professional tennis player and are competing in the final of the tournament in the Tennis Open 2021 at https://abcya3.net/ You should pay attention to the white dot on the field as the game suggests and do not hit the ball out of the court because you will lose your turn. Your talent will be shown by the number of coins you earn after each match. Use these coins to unlock game levels like medium or hard to challenge other talented opponents. If you are a fan of tennis games, don't forget to experience some other exciting games like Rowing 2 Sculls and Pole Vault 3D. I promise that you will feel extremely interesting and love to play after a tiring day at work.

Write a letter to your elected officials introducing yourself and your business. Be sure to mention your impact on your local community. To Take Action please enter your information below to be matched with your elected officials. Prefix First Name Last Name Home Address City State Choose One Alabama Alaska American Somoa Arizona Arkansas Armed Forces Europe Armed Forces Pacific Armed Forces of the Americas California Colorado Connecticut Delaware District of Columbia Florida Georgia Guam Hawaii Idaho Illinois Indiana Iowa Kansas Kentucky Louisiana Maine Maryland Massachusetts Michigan Minnesota Mississippi Missouri Montana Nebraska Nevada New Hampshire New Jersey New Mexico New York North Carolina North Dakota Northern Mariana Islands Ohio Oklahoma Oregon Pennsylvania Puerto Rico Rhode Island South Carolina South Dakota Tennessee Texas Utah Vermont Virgin Islands Virginia Washington West Virginia Wisconsin Wyoming ZIP Code Phone Number Email Address Remember Me Submit Current Calls to Action Share Your Story With Your Elected Officials Write a letter to your elected officials introducing yourself and your business. Be sure to mention your impact on your local community. Important Bills Federal - S 3533 A bill authorize and establish minimum standards for electronic and remote notarizations that occur in or affect interstate commerce, to require any Federal court located in a State to recognize notarizations performed by a notary public commissioned by another State when the notarization occurs in or affects interstate commerce, and to require any State to recognize notarizations performed by a notary public commissioned by another State when the notarization occurs in or affects interstate commerce or when the notarization was performed under or relates to a public act, record, or judicial proceeding of the State in which the notary public was commissioned. Federal - HR 6364 A bill to authorize and establish minimum standards for electronic and remote notarizations that occur in or affect interstate commerce, to require any Federal court located in a State to recognize notarizations performed by a notary public commissioned by another State when the notarization occurs in or affects interstate commerce, and to require any State to recognize notarizations performed by a notary public commissioned by another State when the notarization occurs in or affects interstate commerce or when the notarization was performed under or relates to a public act, record, or judicial proceeding of the State in which the notary public was commissioned. Federal - S 1463 A bill to establish a scorekeeping rule to ensure that increases in guarantee fees of Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac shall not be used to offset provisions that increase the deficit. Federal - HR 5931 A bill to require a review of the effects of FHA mortgage insurance policies, practices, and products on small-dollar mortgage lending, and for other purposes. Federal - HR 4351 A bill to require certain grantees under title I of the Housing and Community Development Act of 1974 to submit a plan to track discriminatory land use policies, and for other purposes. Federal - HR 5055 A bill to amend the Congressional Budget and Impoundment Control Act of 1974 to prohibit the use of guarantee fees as offsets. Federal - S 540 A bill to provide minimum standards for transactions secured by a dwelling, and for other purposes. Federal - HR 2445 A bill to provide minimum standards for transactions secured by a dwelling, and for other purposes. Federal - HR 2210 A bill to amend the Internal Revenue Code of 1986 to repeal certain provisions applicable to foreign investment in United States real property. Find Your Elected Officials Go By responding to a Call to Action alert from MAA, opening an email from MAA, registering for an MBA conference or contributing to MBA’s political action committee (MORPAC), you are agreeing to renew your membership in MAA for one year (365 days) from the date of your action. Please note that you may terminate your membership at any time by emailing maa@mba.org. There are no membership dues.

The vagina can be thought of as a dynamic and finely tuned ecosystem which plays host to a community of microorganisms known as the vaginal microbiome. Optimal vaginal health depends on supporting and maintaining a balanced vaginal microbiome as these microorganisms help to maintain a healthy vaginal environment in many different ways. Vaginal dysbiosis occurs when the delicate balance of live microorganisms that reside in the vagina is thrown off, and this can leave women vulnerable to unconformable vaginal infections and poor vaginal health. Lactobacillus and the vaginal microbiome Lactobacillus is the main group of bacteria that is naturally present in the healthy vagina. This species plays the important role of keeping levels of harmful bacteria in the vaginal environment under control. For example, a balanced vaginal microbiome with normal levels of Lactobacilli has been shown to protect women from microorganisms that can cause vulvovaginal infections, such as thrush, sexually transmitted infections, and urinary tract infections. However, when Lactobacillus levels are disrupted in some way, such as due to antibiotic use or inappropriate hygiene practices, this is when vaginal dysbiosis can take place and an overgrowth of harmful organisms can occur. Vaginal dysbiosis Common manifestations of vaginal dysbiosis include vaginal thrush (caused by an overgrowth of a common vaginal yeast called Candida) and bacterial vaginosis (caused by an overgrowth of specific bacteria, such as Gardnerella). Vaginal thrush affects 75% of all women at least once in their lifetime, as does bacterial vaginosis. Common medications such as antifungals and antibiotics often provide short-term relief, but can fail to prevent recurrence of these uncomfortable infections due to their inability to correct the causes of underlying vaginal dysbiosis. 15% of all women who get vaginal thrush develop recurrent infections, experiencing at least 3-4 infections per year, and 1 in 4 women treated for bacterial vaginosis relapse within one month. Working to restore Lactobacilli dominance and improve the vagina’s natural defences against harmful microorganisms can help women to prevent the occurence of vaginal dysbiosis and maintain good vaginal microbiome health. Are there specific species or strains of Lactobacillus important to female health? A healthy vagina microbiome is made up of a small number of different yeast and bacteria, and is mainly composed of Lactobacilli. Of the 20 Lactobacillus species that have been detected in the vagina, only a unique few are found living in large numbers. Interestingly, those which dominate the vaginal microbiome will vary from woman to woman and will significantly influence their vaginal health. For example, one of the most important Lactobacillus species is called Lactobacillus crispatus. Women with vaginal microbiomes dominated by Lactobacillus crispatus have been consistently found to have vaginal microbiomes with improved stability and are less likely to experience vaginal dysbiosis. Studies also now support the therapeutic use of Lactobacillus crispatus as it has been repeatedly proven to be a low risk, stable and effective strain for supporting the health of the vaginal microbiome. Probiotics for vaginal microbiome health Due to the underlying disruptions in Lactobacilli balance in many cases of vaginal dysbiosis, probiotic supplements containing Lactobacillus species beneficial to the vaginal environment can help to restore Lactobacilli dominance and promote a healthy vaginal microbiome. Introducing Biome Her™ Probiotic Activated Probiotics’ Biome Her™ Probiotic was specifically formulated to help women maintain a healthy vaginal microbiome, combining a unique strain of Lactobacillus crispatus (LCR01) with two-clinically trialled probiotic strains shown to support a healthy vaginal microbiome: Lactobacillus acidophilus LA02 and Lactobacillus fermentum LF10 (3). REFERENCES Pan M, Hidalgo-Cantabrana C, Goh Yong J, Sanozky-Dawes R, Barrangou R, (2020). Comparative Analysis of Lactobacillus gasseri and Lactobacillus crispatus Isolated From Human Urogenital and Gastrointestinal Tracts, Frontiers in Microbiology;10:3146. Matsuda, Y., Cho, O., Sugita, T., Ogishima, D., and Takeda, S. (2018). Culture supernatants of Lactobacillus gasseri and L. crispatus Inhibit Candida albicans biofilm formation and adhesion to hela cells. Mycopathologia;183;691–700. Lamont, R F et al, (2011). The vaginal microbiome: new information about genital tract flora using molecular based techniques. BJOG : an international journal of obstetrics and gynaecology; 118,5: 533-49. Ellie J. C. Goldstein, Kerin L. Tyrrell, Diane M. Citron, (2015). Lactobacillus Species: Taxonomic Complexity and Controversial Susceptibilities, Clinical Infectious Diseases, 60:2:S98–S107. Kalia, N., Singh, J. & Kaur, M, (2020). Microbiota in vaginal health and pathogenesis of recurrent vulvovaginal infections: a critical review. Ann Clin Microbiol Antimicrob;19:5.

Heartworm disease (dirofilariasis) is a serious and potentially fatal disease in dogs. It is caused by a worm called Dirofilaria immitis. Heartworms are found in the heart and large adjacent vessels of infected dogs. The female worm is 6 to 14 inches (2.3 to 5.5 cm) long and 1/8 inch (5 mm) wide; the male is about half the size of the female. One dog may have as many as 300 worms. How do heartworms get into the heart? Adult heartworms live in the heart and pulmonary arteries of infected dogs. They have been found in other areas of the body, but this is unusual. They survive up to 5 years and, during this time, the female produces millions of young (microfilaria). These microfilaria live in the bloodstream, mainly in the small blood vessels. The immature heartworms cannot complete the entire life cycle in the dog; the mosquito is required for some stages of the heartworm life cycle. The microfilaria are therefore not infective (cannot grow to adulthood) in the dog, although they do cause problems. As many as 30 species of mosquitoes can transmit heartworms. The female mosquito bites the infected dog and ingests the microfilariae during a blood meal. The microfilariae develop further for 10 to 30 days in the mosquito and then enter the mouth parts of the mosquito. The microfilariae are now called infective larvae because at this stage of development, they will grow to adulthood when they enter a dog. The mosquito bites the dog where the haircoat is thinnest. However, having long hair does not prevent a dog from getting heartworms. When fully developed, the infective larvae enter the bloodstream and move to the heart and adjacent vessels, where they grow to maturity in 2 to 3 months and start reproducing, thereby completing the full life cycle.

In the last decade or so, we entered an era where massive amounts of data, infrastructure and cloud computing are all coalescing into one connected world. According to the World Economic Forum, 463 exabytes of data will be created daily, globally, by 2025 – the equivalent of 212,765,957 DVDs per day.[1] Underlined by the recent radical shift in working habits caused by COVID-19, this phenomenon is even expected to accelerate. Due to the staggering amounts of data generated on an hourly basis, businesses are gradually migrating to the cloud––be it public or private––to efficiently and cost-effectively manage information and navigate their transformation journey. IDG’s 2020 Cloud Computing Survey shows that 59% of the IT professionals interviewed planned to be “mostly” or “all” in the cloud within 18 months.[2] Recently, I joined a panel discussion with digital leaders from Dell Technologies, Standard Chartered and The HEINEKEN Company to discuss how businesses can leverage interconnection to become data-driven through the cloud. What hinders data-driven transformation? Although the data revolution has resulted in the modern ‘gold rush’, businesses are having to push their cloud infrastructure to the limit when it comes to integrating and harmonizing data. To truly maximize potential and safeguard their transformation journey, they need a robust architecture to securely store, manage, analyze and exchange data. Generally, the challenges come from two ends: compliance issues and cybersecurity. This article is also published in: Chinese Crafting a Data-first Multicloud Strategy As companies access vast amounts of data from an increasing number of sources, integrating and harmonizing data manually is increasingly challenging. Watch this engaging webinar on crafting a data-first Multicloud Strategy Download now Ever since the European Union introduced the General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) in 2018, citizens have become increasingly aware of how their data is managed and consumed, with businesses having had to re-evaluate their privacy policies. Governments in Asia-Pacific have also been speeding up in their efforts to strengthen their privacy law frameworks. As a case in point, India plans to launch the Personal Data Protection Bill to bring about a comprehensive overhaul to the country’s current data protection regime. Within the next few years, updated laws are to be enacted or introduced into national legislatures across the region. Although this is great news, the varying levels of protection requirements in different countries are expected to complicate matters for businesses, especially those operating in multiple nations and sharing information across borders. Cybersecurity is another key issue that holds businesses back from adopting a data-driven approach. Aqua Security’s 2020 Cloud Native Threat Report indicates that attacks against cloud systems exploded at the start 2020, recording a 250% jump in attacks from the previous year.[3] This has made it increasingly critical for businesses to prevent data breaches by building an appropriate security architecture to withstand cyberattacks and enjoy scalable cloud services. For those that use more than one public cloud, there is even more urgency to reinforce their cyber resilience, as they need to ensure that data can be exchanged securely and seamlessly between different service providers. Orchestrating IT architectures for today and tomorrow To unleash the real power of data, businesses need to build an appropriate architecture that not only caters to operational needs, but also tempers compliance and security demands. The cloud is just one tool in the toolbox, and it all depends on the business’ requirements as to which tools are used. Some enterprises adopting a “cloud first” mindset have not been moving all of their data or applications to the cloud due to legacy on-premise applications or security concerns. As such, multicloud and hybrid cloud solutions continue to gain traction in corporate IT. On-premise, multicloud, hybrid cloud and distributed cloud solutions all have their own strengths. Therefore, the right approach is to mix and match the available tools depending on business requirements, creating the most optimal model for specific use cases. In order to navigate the complex cloud environment, it has become evident that interconnection will play an increasingly significant role during the era of data. With interconnection, businesses can integrate direct private connections of counter-parties with co-located, distributed IT components at IT traffic exchange points, solving performance and integration barriers to enable vibrant business ecosystems. This not only provides them with a secure on-ramp to scale into the cloud, but also helps them integrate their digital services with providers and interact with their partners in real time. At Equinix, we leverage over 220 Equinix International Business Exchange™ (IBX®) data centers across five continents and the most dynamic ecosystem to help businesses build the architecture they need. We enable them to deploy in proximity to customers and locations that matter most to their businesses by building instant physical or virtual connections on the industry’s most reliable, secure and sustainable platform. Enterprises and service providers can now benefit from Equinix FabricTM, a software-defined interconnection service, as a single interconnection approach to connect all their physical and virtual devices within IBX data centers and the world’s largest digital infrastructure ecosystem. It offers the most locations to directly and privately connect to leading IaaS and SaaS clouds. In just minutes, Equinix Fabric customers can directly connect to major cloud providers including Alibaba Cloud, AWS, Google Cloud, IBM Cloud, Microsoft Azure and Oracle Cloud, ensuring your architecture is secure and robust. Looking ahead, as 5G roll-out is in full swing across Asia-Pacific, data will continue to be the key driver for businesses. Without any doubt, this will lead to a more complicated IT environment. Latency-sensitive industries, such as gaming and content delivery, will have to move to the edge to maintain agility, so that their data can be processed, analyzed locally and delivered to end-users in a timely manner. As this will greatly challenge businesses’ infrastructure, a future-ready architecture is crucial for them to stay ahead of the game during their transformation journey. Listen to our webinar to find out more about how Equinix can help you bring together and interconnect the foundational infrastructure that powers your success. [1] https://www.weforum.org/agenda/2019/04/how-much-data-is-generated-each-day-cf4bddf29f/ [2] https://resources.idg.com/download/2020-cloud-computing-executive-summary-rl [3] https://www.aquasec.com/news/vast-majority-of-cyber-attacks-on-cloud-servers-aim-to-mine-cryptocurrency/

Do you know the rules of American flag etiquette? There are rules dictating flying at half-staff, when to fly the flag, carrying the flag, folding the flag, and displaying with other flags. I do realize the rules of etiquette for an American flag may seem complicated, but they are quite simple to follow. Flying at Half-Staff “Half-staff” means the position of the American flag is halfway between the top and bottom of the staff. Flag etiquette dictates the flag to be flown at half-staff on Memorial Day until noon, then raise it back to the top, Patriot Day (September 11), Pearl Harbor Remembrance Day (December 7), and death of a government official. When to Fly the American Flag There are several designated dates to fly an American flag throughout the year. The most noted are Memorial Day, Flag Day, and Independence Day. In addition, to specific days of the year is time of day constraints. For flags that are stationary on a building or a flagpole it is customary to fly them from sunrise to sunset. American flags can be flown at night provided it is properly illuminated. This means the flag must have its own dedicated spotlight and then it can be flown twenty-hours per day if desired. Now that you know the rules of flag etiquette go ahead and proudly display your American patri Carrying the American Flag The American Flag should never be carried flat. An exception to this rule is if it is draped over a casket a funeral. Unless the flag is folded, it is to be carried on a hand held staff to displayed flying freely. Do not allow the American flag to touch the ground or any other object below it. Folding the American Flag Since the American flag should not be carried flat, folding it may be necessary for transportation, storage or display. In addition to the flag being folded by civilians, it is a procedure performed by members of the Armed Forces. Members of the Armed Forces fold the American flag after it is lifted from the casket at a military funeral. It is then presented to the next of kin. There are not specifics as how to the flag should be folded, but a standard American flag will require thirteen folds. To be more specific there should be two lengthwise folds and eleven triangular folds. Displaying American Flag with Other Flags American flags must be placed in a position of prominence over all other flags since it represents the government and in America, the government is the highest authority. In most cases, the American flag is displayed above church flags. It should be larger or equivalent to the size of other flags on the pole or staff. The American Flag should be hoisted first and lowered last when flown with other flags. Don’t forget the rules of flag etiquette and show the world you’re proud to be an American! Share this: Email Facebook Twitter LinkedIn Pinterest Reddit Print Like this: Like Loading... Related Posted in Flag Blog American FlagFlag Etiquette Published by Online Stores View all posts by Online Stores Post navigation ‹ PreviousWho Designed the Fifty Star American Flag? Next ›Expressing NASCAR Enthusiasm 78 thoughts on “What Are the Rules of American Flag Etiquette?” John says: April 17, 2009 at 2:35 pm There is one exception to the flag flying rules you state. Although all true, the exception is that the Flag of the State of Texas may be flown at an equal height with the U.S. Flag. All others must be flown at a lower level. This stems from the time when Texas was admitted to the Union. It was negotiated that since Texas was a Republic and its own country at the time it had equal standing with the United States and therefore would be allowed to fly its flag at an equal height. Reply Krystal Lane says: April 17, 2009 at 3:27 pm Hello John, Thank you for your input about American flag etiquette. This is an interesting piece of information that I was not aware of. See that? I learn something new everyday! Thanks again, John! Krystal Lane Reply Barry Kirkland says: October 6, 2009 at 12:42 am According to Federal Law, each of the 50 state flags may be flown on poles the same height as the US flag.. In doing this each flag should be about the same size.. and the US Flag will be flown on the left side as seen by the viewer. If there is a company or other flag to be flown, it will be at the far right. Each of the state flags, obviously shall be flown lower than the US flag on a single pole. Reference Texas Government Code: Title 11. State Symbols and Honors; Preservation Subtitle A. State Symbols and Honors Reply Jim Prentice says: September 23, 2011 at 8:04 pm The laws of Congress in respect to those matters do not extend into the territorial limits of the states, but have force only in the District of Columbia, and other places that are within the exclusive jurisdiction of the national government.” [Caha v. United States 152 U.S. 211 (1894)] “Legislation of Congress, unless a contrary intent appears, is meant to apply only within territorial jurisdiction of the United States.” Foley Bros. v. Filardo, 336 U.S. 281; 69 S.Ct. 575 (1949) Title 4 USC, Section 72 “All offices attached to the seat of government shall be exercised in the District of Columbia, and not elsewhere, except as otherwise expressly provided by law.”; See also Article I, Section 8, Clause 17 and Article IV, Section 3, cl. 2. Sorry to intercede here but “federal Law’ only applies to federal territory. The States are superrior to the federal government because the States were the creators of the Constitution FOR the Unitede States OF America. I fly the Florida Flag above the United States flag because Florida is superrior. The authority of the federal government is very limited when Congress deals with the several States. The federal Constitution is very explicit on this matter. Robert Joseph Glaser says: April 9, 2013 at 12:00 pm The flag of the closest allegiance has priority; I fly the flag representing God at the highest elevation, then my family flag, then my state flag, then the Union’s flag at the bottom. You choose who is superior. Of course on federal property the US flag is superior for employees of the government. Remember the founding; the Citizen is sovereign and above the government we have given limited representative power. !sgt Ed Fulk says: November 16, 2016 at 7:30 pm You are absolutely correct. Federal law does authorize all state flags may be flown at the same height as the US flag. This is a federal law which is only valid at Washington DC and federal buildings and installations. JEff says: September 17, 2010 at 5:54 pm Is there anytime that any flag can be flown above the US Flag and if so when is that time. Reply Timbo says: September 22, 2010 at 1:23 pm Jeff: As far as I know, there is no flag that may be flown above that of the U.S. That being said, there may be some rare instances in which religious flags, such as that of the Catholic church, may be flown above it. joe says: January 2, 2011 at 4:08 am times flags may fly higher than the US on Navy ships when services of religion are in session the church pennant is displayed above the US the Catholic church does not have a flag to be flown higher the Vatican flag represent the Vatican City a small country therefore it is to be equal to the US on US flags left joe says: January 2, 2011 at 4:03 am any flag may fly at same height as US as long as US flag is in position of honor viewers left Texas may fly lower than the Us Reply Buddy Flynn says: April 22, 2009 at 7:50 am Man, I’ve been flying my flags for years here in AZ and know one every told me that it’s to be luminated at night. Just shows how the Southwest is not all that American. I’ll getur lite up. Reply Helen says: April 29, 2009 at 1:52 am Hello, I have been told that you can fly a flag smaller than 3×5 twenty four hours a day. I have a 2×3 flag attached on a pole to my rancher and fly it all the time. Reply Tommy McLaughlin says: April 29, 2009 at 8:22 pm Helen, Thanks for your question! Actually, all flags regardless of size if flown at night must be completely illuminated. There are no exceptions to the rule for different sized flags — however in my opinion – the more often the flag is flown, the better. So I say keep it up! 🙂 –Tommy McLaughlin Flag Blog Reply ROBERT MARSHALL says: May 20, 2009 at 10:56 pm MY FAMILY WAS GIVEN A FLAG WHEN MY BROTHER PASSED AWAY IN 1994. HE HAD BEEN IN THE ARMY. UNFORTUNATELY, DURING A RECENT BREAK IN AT OUR FAMILY HOME THE FLAG WAS TAKEN OUT OF THE CASE AND STREWN ABOUT THE HOUSE. WE NOW HAVE THE FLAG AND HOLDER IN GOOD SHAPE BUT NEED SOMEONE TO RE-FOLD THE FLAG AND PLACE IN THE CONTAINER. WE NOW LIVE IN LOS ANGELES, SO PLEASE LET ME KNOW IF THERE IS A LOCAL BUSINESS WHO DOES FOLDING. THANKS, ROBERT 323 899-3702/323 296-2803 Reply Tommy McLaughlin says: May 21, 2009 at 12:49 pm Robert, I am very sorry to hear about your brother. Please send my regards to your family. You may visit your local Los Angeles Boy Scouts chapter, your local VFW, or even a local military recruiting center to have your flag refolded for you. For more information about folding the flag, be sure to check out the following: http://www.united-states-flag.com/folding-flag.html Reply Kim says: April 13, 2012 at 12:09 am If you have not found someone to re-fold your brother’s flag let me know. I belong to the Fort Huachuca Select Honor Guard and would be honored to re-fold it for your family. Please contact me at kimberly.h.morton@us.army.mil Sorry for the disrespect others have shown your family. SSG Morton Reply Donald Nicholson says: June 14, 2009 at 3:06 am The state of Texas entered the union by treaty instead of by annexation only state to do so ) and we can fly our flag the same height as the US flag. Texas is the only state to have a copitol building that is taler than the capitol in washington,DC by seven feet. I also wish Texas would secede from the union and become a republic again.We really don’t need all the crap that comes out of washington. Texas also has the right to secede from the union as this was part of the deal when we joined the union. Donald Nicholson Reply Alaskanjohn says: January 26, 2010 at 9:37 am We wish you would secede, and take all the Bushes with you. Kisses. Reply Debbie says: May 3, 2010 at 5:38 pm Let’s not be ugly! Andi Rieckert says: May 6, 2010 at 9:56 am that was very rude……… cory USMC says: December 15, 2011 at 4:31 am you need to brush up on your history. Texas does NOT have the right to succeed as it was brought into the union under law, not a treaty. thats an ignorant myth you bought into, hook, line, and sinker. if you disagree, please find me the name of this treaty with sources to back it up. your great granny doesnt count. also, if you read the flag code you would know that all state flags are allowed to fly at the same height as Old Glory, as long as they are to the viewers right of the US Flag. Who cares if the Texas capitol is taller? it’s ignorant Texans like you who give the rest of us a bad name. Knock off the over zealous Texas pride crap, it’s annoying. -Cory (a Texan and Marine combat veteran) Reply !sgt Ed Fulk says: November 16, 2016 at 7:26 pm Hey Cory, I am a retired US Army 1sgt and I know you marines think you know everything but there are those times that remaining silent and appearing to be a fool is better than to open ones mouth and reliving all doubt. If you do not out rank me keep your mouth shut. By the way I AM a Texan and an AMERICAN and damn proud to be both. Lamar Smith says: July 1, 2009 at 9:21 pm What is the correct way for a person in civilian clothes to salute the U.S. Flag? I have been told that veterans can perform the military salute while other civilians put their hand over their heart. Reply Tommy McLaughlin says: July 6, 2009 at 2:04 pm Lamar, In the United States, civilians salute the flag by placing their right hands over their hearts and saying the Pledge of Allegiance. (Men remove any headgear and hold it over their hearts, if applicable.) Great question! Reply DON WOLLING says: August 27, 2009 at 2:11 am WHEN EVER THE FLAG PASSES IN A PROCESSION OR DURING THE PLEDGE OF ALLEGIANCE, CIVILIANS SHOULD REMOVE ALL NON RELIGIOUS HEADGEAR AND PLACE THEIR HAND OVER THEIR HEART WITH THE HEADGEAR AT THEIR LEFT SHOULDER. VETERANS SHOULD REMOVE ALL HEADGEAR ALSO BUT THEY TOO MAY USE THE MILITARY SALUTE TO SHOW RESPECT. chuck bartoh says: November 3, 2009 at 5:54 am Congress passed some enactment that says, in a nutshell, that if you are a veteran, you may give the proper hand salute to the flag. All other citizens place their right hand over their heart. (and of course males remove hats. Present Arms! Reply preparedmindz says: January 7, 2016 at 10:47 pm Veteran’s can give their military salute if covered.Thanks for serving. Reply Wayne says: July 4, 2009 at 4:11 pm Question: For those of us that hold that God is above all nations, including the United States does that mean we cannot fly a Christian flag above a US flag? How are we to interpret one nation UNDER God? As the comments on Texas above show exceptions are allowed. Reply Tommy McLaughlin says: July 6, 2009 at 2:00 pm Wayne, Great question! According to Flag Code section 7c: The Christian flag may fly above the US flag only “during church services conducted by naval chaplains at sea, when the church pennant may be flown above the flag during church services for the personnel of the Navy” (Flag Code, Section 7c). For more information and a great article on this, check out : http://www.ushistory.org/betsy/faq.htm Reply Robert Joseph says: October 26, 2011 at 4:34 pm With no disrespect to my country, America or state, New Jersey, or anyone else’s … I expect the rules are generally written by patriotic government employees, hence the requirement for the Federal flag to be uppermost. And, when we are interacting with another country, such as at war, the federal flag would be uppermost, as we are acting as a nation. However, in a private setting, I understand and believe flags represent our allegience. My first allegience is to Almighty God and then to my family. Then generally to friends, neighbors, and individuals. Local government, state government, federal government, and other nations around the world come next. Remember that America was created with individual rights, and is unique throughout the world. When we put the government above individuals, we have it backwards. Reply Brian Moore says: August 5, 2009 at 8:48 pm I have a friend who inherited his late Father’s military burial flag. It is currently in a clear plastic triangular storage bag. For a gift I’ve been thinking of buying a proper flag case for it. My problem is, I don’t know what size the flag is and therefore don’t know what size case to buy. Lord knows I definitely don’t want to unfold it and destroy the tuck. Can anyone give me an idea as to how to estimate the size? Maybe by measuring the size of the stars or something? Please feel free to send me any suggestions at my email address. Reply Blogger says: August 6, 2009 at 1:37 pm Hi Brian, Since it’s a military burial flag, it’s surely 5′ x 9.5′. Here’s a link to the type of case you’ll need: http://www.united-states-flag.com/flcafor5ftx9.html I hope this helps! Tim Reply DON WOLLING says: August 27, 2009 at 2:35 am I HAVE QUESTION ABOUT ETIQUETTE OF THR POW/MIA FLAG. IN ME HOME TOWN A FEW PEOPLE DECIDED TO ERECT A MEMORIAL FOR A LOCAL FALLEN HERO. THEY BUILD THE MEMORIAL NEXT TO A BUILDING AND USED THE ROOF OF THE BUILDING AS PART OF THE MEMORIAL BY MOUNTING THE FLAGS FROM THE FACSIA OF THE BUILDING. THERE ARE SEVEN FLAGS ALL TOGETHER WITH THE US FLAG IN THE MIDDLE, WHICH IS CORRECT, BUT THE US FLAG TOUCHES THE MONUMENT AND ALSO THE ROOF OF THE BUILDING AND THE FLAGS ON EITHER SIDE. THE POW/MIA FLAG IS MOUNTED BELOW THE US FLAG BUT FLAT AGAINST THE WALL, NOT ON A POLE. I FEEL THE US FLAG SHOULD NOT TOUCH ANYTHING INCLUDING THE ROOF AND THE POW/MIA FLAG SHOULD ALSO BE ON A POLE LIKE THE REST OF THE FLAGS. THIS HAS BEEN BROUGHT TO THE ATTENTION OF THE PEOPLE INVOLVED WITH THE MEMORIAL AND STRANGERS HAVE EVEN GONE SO FAR AS TO TAKE THE US FLAG DOWN BUT THE NEXT DAY IT IS BUT RIGHT BACK UP. PLEASE E-MAIL ME YOUR COMMENTS. YOU MAY ALSO POST THEM. THANK YOU. DON Reply Blogger says: September 1, 2009 at 2:16 pm Hi Don, I personally do not know of any rules concerning the POW/MIA flag. As for the American flag, I agree with you that it should not be touching anything. Reply Donna says: September 21, 2009 at 4:54 pm I have a question about the display of the little flags frequently seen on veterans’ graves for Memorial Day – are there any particular rules for placement of the flags on the graves and guidelines as to when they are to be removed? So often I find flags on graves in remote cemeteries that have endured the ravages of storms and time. Many times the sticks are broken and the flags either lying on the ground or barely clinging to the stick and half on the ground in really sad shape. If I’m able to ‘re-hoist’ the flag on its stick, I do so, but this is seldom possible. I struggle with the question of whether I should remove the damaged flag, or whether it should be left for the family that placed it to tend to it. I would like to place recommendations on our cemetery preservation web site, since many of our web site visitors encounter similar situations and ask for our advice, but I want to post correct information. Do you have any advice for me? Thanks. Donna Reply Blogger says: September 22, 2009 at 8:38 pm Hi, Donna, As far as I know, flags are not to be placed on graves more than one or two days before Memorial / Veterans Day, and should also be taken down within one to two days after the given holiday. I also know that no flag should ever be allowed to become soiled, torn, touch the ground, etc. If you find flags with broken sticks that are in sad shape, you should certainly remove them. I hope that helped. Thanks for writing! Tim Reply Kathy says: February 13, 2011 at 6:15 pm In a situation of a small flag like this, how would you dispose of it? Sam says: February 22, 2011 at 3:23 pm According to the Flag Code, any American flag that is worn, damaged or tattered beyond repair should be retired in a respectful and dignified manner. The preferred method is burning. This may shock some, since it is a well known fact that burning the flag is illegal. This, however, is an exception to the rule. You can burn the flag yourself, making sure it is done in a discreet and professional manner, or many organizations like the American Legion, the Boy Scouts Council and the Girl Scouts Council will perform a flag retirement ceremony and burn your flag for you. In this case, burning signifies purification and rebirth. Although burning is the preferred method, it is also acceptable to seal your old flag in a box or bag and bury it. Theresa says: July 10, 2011 at 1:37 pm I do what the veterans do they burn the wore torn soiled flags so I myself do that as well I do not dispose of them any other way. Theresa Verona,KY graham thompson says: October 9, 2009 at 5:04 pm We wish to fly an American flag above our construction forms as we build the North Las Vegas City Hall project. Do we need to illuminate the flag at night or do we have to take it down before sundown. The heigth of the building will be 9 stories total but we are at the 5th level of concrete forms at this time (10-9-09) Thanks, Graham. Reply Blogger says: October 15, 2009 at 6:31 pm Hi, Graham, Yes, you’ll need to illuminate the flag if you plan on leaving it up throughout the night. Thanks for writing! Reply bob c says: February 23, 2017 at 7:38 pm Yes if you fly at night you should take the flag down. However with that said in your situation and the placement of the flag and keeping safety in mind I’m sure no one would see it as dishonoring the flag if you flew it 24 hrs. That’s my 2 cents Thank You for flying Bob USAF Veteran Reply Tiffany Nicholson says: February 2, 2010 at 12:52 pm I have just received a flag from a co-worker whose son is serving in Afghanistan. The flag was flown on a mission and is certified and also came with a picture of the unit. Since this is not a memorial flag is it still proper to display the flag in the folded Triangle? It is 3 x 5ft nylon flag – I plan on getting a frame to display in the office with the certificate and picture but don’t want to offend anyone – all the frames that I can find are labeled “Memorial” – I do not want to jinx her or her son. Reply joe says: January 2, 2011 at 4:15 am all US can be triangle folded Reply kathy jo says: February 7, 2010 at 2:49 pm Hi I have several questions, should the American flag ever be placed(patch)facing backwards or upside down? What is the meaning behind the American flag being placed like this ? .I always thought the flag should be flown or shown with the stars to my left & stripes to the right ? Reply Jarred K says: March 15, 2011 at 12:17 am Kathy, If you are talking about the patch the Us Amry wears, it is considered a backwards flag. The union (stars) are on the other side so the flag is charging into battle with the soldier insted of flying away form the fight. Reply Andi Rieckert says: March 27, 2010 at 5:02 am Hi Our Son is in the US NAVY We just bought our American Flag and outside pole with spot lights .I need to know is it OK to Fly the Navy Flag just under the American Flag but on the same pole and also can we leave the Navy Flag outside 24/7 as it would be under the spot light as well ? Oh and does the Navy flag have to be smaller than the American or can it be the same size just flown under the American ? Thank You Andi Reply Tim says: March 30, 2010 at 8:15 pm Hey, Andi! Thanks for writing. Yes, it is acceptable to fly the Navy flag on the same pole as the American flag. Just make sure the Navy flag is below that of the the US. If you fly the Navy flag on a different pole, make sure the American flag is to its right. It is also alright to fly both flags at night as long as you have the proper lighting. There is no need for the Navy flag to be smaller than the American flag, but it must not be bigger. Reply Terri says: April 28, 2010 at 5:24 pm My father passed away in Aug 08 the flag at buruiel was given to my mother…who recently passed away. There are Me the eldest and my Sister the younger. There are 4 grand daughters ages 21, 14, 7, 6 and one grand son who is 9 months. How is the flag to be passed thru the family? Thanks for your help! Terri Reply Tim says: April 28, 2010 at 8:04 pm Hi, Terri, I don’t think there is any set way of passing it along, but rather you may choose who will have the honor of safekeeping it. Reply Krystine says: August 2, 2010 at 10:16 am I believe the eldest child thing you are thinking about is used when determining notification of next of kin. If there is no spouse, then the eldest child over the age of 18 (including those by prior marriage) is considered the Primary Next-of-Kin. If there are no children over the age of 18, then the PNOK is the father or mother of the deceased. If there are no parents, then the eldest brother or sister or other blood relatives is notified. Whoever is the PNOK receives the flag for the family at the service. Once it is given to the family, I think Tim is correct, it becomes a family matter. Krystine Reply Andi Rieckert says: May 1, 2010 at 12:06 pm I ALWAYS THOUGHT THE OLDEST WOULD BE THE RIGHTFUL ONE TO HAVE THE MEMORIAL FLAG . I’M SORRY TO HEAR OF YOUR PARENTS PASSINGS . Reply Jill says: May 31, 2010 at 1:58 pm My husband was given his father’s memorial flag. It is folded and currently wrapped in tissue. Is it ok to fly this flag on a pole again or should it remain folded and displayed in a case? Reply Tim says: June 1, 2010 at 12:45 pm Hi, Jill, As far as I know, there should be no problem with your husband flying his father’s memorial flag, as long as it’s done in accordance with the U.S. Flag Code. I hope you all had a nice Memorial Day. Please take care! Thanks, Tim Reply Donna R. says: September 11, 2010 at 1:32 pm Is it alright to fly the Anerican flag, when it is raining outside? I want to fly the flag on 9/11/10 ( today) and it is drizzling. Is it disrespectable if I do this? Reply Timbo says: September 13, 2010 at 2:01 pm Hello, Donna. No, it’s not disrespectful to fly the American flag when it’s raining outside. Just make sure to take it down before it gets dark out, unless that is you’ve got a spotlight. Thanks! Reply Gary D. says: January 27, 2011 at 2:07 am No matter how you fold or store it, it is the greatest flag in the world, God bless our flag.! Reply Jim Coats says: February 21, 2011 at 12:09 am I am a old Marine and I fly the American flag with the Marine Corps flag underneath it. Question, when flying the American flag at half mask is it okay to leave the Marine Corps flag underneath it? Great website! Thanks for your response! A old Marine! Reply Sam says: February 22, 2011 at 3:39 pm When flying the US flag at half staff, there is no regulation for other flags on separate poles. On the same pole, you can either keep the Marin Corps flag lower than the American flag, or simply not display it on the day you fly the American flag at half staff. Hope that helps! Reply Jimmy Nye USMC says: February 22, 2011 at 2:17 am My flag is wind torn, beat up, and needs to be replaced. I do not know what to do with the old one. I will not put it in the trash. Oh yeah, Question #2, Which flag is better nylon or cotton? Reply Sam says: February 22, 2011 at 3:18 pm Jimmy, According to the Flag Code, any American flag that is worn, damaged or tattered beyond repair should be retired in a respectful and dignified manner. The preferred method is burning. This may shock some, since it is a well known fact that burning the flag is illegal. This, however, is an exception to the rule. You can burn the flag yourself, making sure it is done in a discreet and professional manner, or many organizations like the American Legion, the Boy Scouts Council and the Girl Scouts Council will perform a flag retirement ceremony and burn your flag for you. In this case, burning signifies purification and rebirth. Although burning is the preferred method, it is also acceptable to seal your old flag in a box or bag and bury it. For your second question, the middle portion of this page gives a nice comparison of flag materials: http://www.united-states-flag.com/outdoorflags.html Reply Barb says: February 22, 2011 at 4:29 pm I thought I had posted this question already but do not see it or never got a response. I cleaned for a man that passed away. After the funeral service no one wanted the memorial flag that the military had placed folded in the casket at the viewing. (I think that he should have been buried with it since no one wanted it.) I was saddened that no family member wanted to Honor him by keeping the flag and had put it in a donation pile to goodwill. I have the flag and I don’t know what I should do to show respect to the deceased or the flag. It is a beautiful flag to just be destroyed. I have several questions. 1. what would be proper? 2. Can a folded military flag be flown? 3. Is there a program that would use this flag to replace a loss due to disaster to a family? (fire, tornado, flood?)4. I took it to the Veterans Hospital, they suggested it being destroyed. Please help me to do the right thing. I have it in a handled Zip lock handled bag and I was told that is against etiquette…Thank you. Reply Sam says: March 3, 2011 at 8:14 pm Barb, Sorry we did not respond previously! It is sad that the family did not accept this flag, as the proper ceremony would have placed the flag in possession of the deceased’s next-of-kin. Keeping the flag is meant to honor the deceased, as well as his service. In cases where there is no next-of-kin to accept the flag (which may include next-of-kin refusing the flag), a friend may keep the flag to honor the deceased, and may fly that flag on appropriate holidays. So, I don’t see any reason that you could not keep the flag, if you choose to do so. For proper storage, a display case may be your best option: http://www.united-states-flag.com/displaycases.html. If you choose to dispose of the flag, follow the guide here: http://www.united-states-flag.com/flag-disposal.html. For more information on flag etiquette, storage and disposal, please visit http://www.united-states-flag.com/flag-etiquette.html. Reply Theresa says: July 10, 2011 at 1:48 pm Barb, that is sad that people have not go any respect for our soliders our our country anymore I fly my flag 24/7 365 days a yr. I am so saddened over your story but onthe other hand thank god for peopel like you. I would have placed the flag in the casket or a good person like you keep it in his honor. I am fighting to have a flag flown in the grave yard 365 days where many veterans are where I live. You are a true American God Bless you. Theresa M Hodge Verona,KY Reply larry mutsch says: May 29, 2011 at 1:08 am We have erected a flag pole, purchased a flag and wish to fly it Memorial Day. Our friend a member of the VFW recently passed and his daughter wants us to display his flag. Is it possible to place two USA flag on the same pole, if so which would be raised higher? Reply Dulce Nardone says: May 31, 2011 at 3:04 pm I have one of those pleated five stripe fans with the blue starred stripe as the center one for displaying outside. As it is not a flag per se I have a question as to whether it should be taken down at sundown or spotlighted to remain up during the night. Can you help me? Reply Jeremy Davis says: June 5, 2011 at 5:17 pm In my 16 yrs of vexological studies I have simply found it blantly disresepectfull to fly any flag one atop another. In short when you do this you change the ”message” of the flag at the top, and the flag on the bottom. To keep this simple look at the u.s. flag and any state flag, when the u.S. flag is flown by a civilian it is usally for geographical love,respect and allegiance and with that the same can be said in regards to a civilian flying their respective state flag.But when you fly the u.S. flag at a Federal facility it repersants the Federal gov haveing sole control at/over that Federal agency.When the u.S. flag is flown over that of a state flag the message is: The Federal reigns suprteme over this state and its people.If the state flag is flown alone at a state facility then the message is: the state reigns supreme at/over this state agency/facility. When both flags are displayed on equal height poles and are of the same size this repersants the Federal and state have an equal standing concerning the affairs and role of thet state agency,and when the u.S. flag is positioned to the right of the stste flag this means the state will for the moment cede itself to the Federal concerning an issue pertaining to that agency. Any flag that was once that of a viable belegerant nation (eg: Texas and the Confederate States of America) deserve to be respected and flown on equal height poles and of the same size as the other flags in the display.You may be asking why? Because when those countries existed for all the world to see the people at that time existed and because of their existance then it is because of them as their posterty that we exist today, we are their heirs.All the heritage,the legands the legecies the folklore etc,etc(good and not so good) belongs to us. It is up to us to learn from them,is hind site not 20/20? The flag rules that have been passed down to us promote the Federal Gov as ”the” most supreme agency. In my oppion fly your state flag and take back the fact that the states and the people of the statesd created the Federal Gov. Reply Robert Joseph says: October 26, 2011 at 4:43 pm Great reply Reply Doug Jarvis says: July 1, 2011 at 4:31 pm About twenty years ago I purchased a 5’x9′ military casket flag at a garage sale. I researched and found out who the veteran was that was honored with this flag and had his name added in the border between the grommets. We have been honoring this soldier every government holiday by displaying the flag across the front of our home. The flag is still in excellent condition except the blue is badly faded. How long can I display this flag before it becomes inappropriate? Can the blue be restored? It is a Valley Forge flag Reply Theresa says: July 10, 2011 at 1:41 pm I hope someone can put me in touch with the Veterans so I may raise a question in regards to a flag pole in my town at a cemetery where they do not want to hang a flag all yr long or even during the times the flag should fly for the veterans in that grave yard. hodgetm42@insightbb.com Theresa KY Reply dontshootjames@mail.com says: November 8, 2011 at 6:09 pm When hanging bunting at a military function, what is the propper prcedure? Does the blue go at the top? Reply Sharon Fields says: February 10, 2012 at 5:57 pm I have heard that a veterans flag from his casket, once placed in a display case, should never be removed. is this true and why? I have my grandfathers in a case and recently my Dad passed and I now also have his flag. My husband is wanting to make matching cases for flags and military memorabilia so it will look nicer when displayed onmour wall. Just wondering about this rumor we have heard. Reply Anthony Kniolek says: March 20, 2012 at 3:20 am I am erecting a flag pole in front of my house to properly fly the American flag 24/7 (all weather and very well illuminated). I would also like to fly the U.S. Marine Corps flag (properly) underneath it. I am a civilian who has never served this country but my (deceased) father served in the U.S. Marines (3/3 Vietnam, ’67-’68) and I would like to do this to honor him and all the Marines. He never had a vertical flag pole and I think he would be proud if he could see mine. Is this appropriate for a civilian to fly the USMC flag? Would any Marines out there find this offensive if they knew the flag was being flown by a non-Marine? Thank you. Reply Edward says: April 9, 2013 at 11:04 am The best way to honor any and all patriots is very simple. Fly the American Flag correctly. Know the etiquette. No one in the United States is above one another. We are all equal, it takes every state to contribute to acheve success. It takes everyone to put the effort forward to solving our nations problems. We have to be “For the people” again. Not against each other. United we stand divided we fall. Reply gta 5 cheat 360 says: October 8, 2014 at 8:25 pm It’s actually a nice and helpful piece of info. I’m glad that you simply shared this useful info with us. Please keep us up to date like this. Thanks for sharing. Reply terry cedars says: August 23, 2015 at 4:40 pm Can I fly the American Flag(was my Dad’s) and Confederate flag on same pole?? Reply Garry Faughn says: January 3, 2019 at 6:47 pm my church has three flag poles of the same height. where should the American be if I am looking at the flag from the church? flag code states the viewers left. who is considers the viewer from the church or the highway? Reply Online Stores says: January 8, 2019 at 10:35 am Mr. Faughn, the American Flag should be flown to the (flag’s own) right of all other flags. The right is a position of prominence. Thank you.

Do you know the rules of American flag etiquette? There are rules dictating flying at half-staff, when to fly the flag, carrying the flag, folding the flag, and displaying with other flags. I do realize the rules of etiquette for an American flag may seem complicated, but they are quite simple to follow. Flying at Half-Staff “Half-staff” means the position of the American flag is halfway between the top and bottom of the staff. Flag etiquette dictates the flag to be flown at half-staff on Memorial Day until noon, then raise it back to the top, Patriot Day (September 11), Pearl Harbor Remembrance Day (December 7), and death of a government official. When to Fly the American Flag There are several designated dates to fly an American flag throughout the year. The most noted are Memorial Day, Flag Day, and Independence Day. In addition, to specific days of the year is time of day constraints. For flags that are stationary on a building or a flagpole it is customary to fly them from sunrise to sunset. American flags can be flown at night provided it is properly illuminated. This means the flag must have its own dedicated spotlight and then it can be flown twenty-hours per day if desired. Now that you know the rules of flag etiquette go ahead and proudly display your American patri Carrying the American Flag The American Flag should never be carried flat. An exception to this rule is if it is draped over a casket a funeral. Unless the flag is folded, it is to be carried on a hand held staff to displayed flying freely. Do not allow the American flag to touch the ground or any other object below it. Folding the American Flag Since the American flag should not be carried flat, folding it may be necessary for transportation, storage or display. In addition to the flag being folded by civilians, it is a procedure performed by members of the Armed Forces. Members of the Armed Forces fold the American flag after it is lifted from the casket at a military funeral. It is then presented to the next of kin. There are not specifics as how to the flag should be folded, but a standard American flag will require thirteen folds. To be more specific there should be two lengthwise folds and eleven triangular folds. Displaying American Flag with Other Flags American flags must be placed in a position of prominence over all other flags since it represents the government and in America, the government is the highest authority. In most cases, the American flag is displayed above church flags. It should be larger or equivalent to the size of other flags on the pole or staff. The American Flag should be hoisted first and lowered last when flown with other flags. Don’t forget the rules of flag etiquette and show the world you’re proud to be an American! Share this: Email Facebook Twitter LinkedIn Pinterest Reddit Print Like this: Like Loading... Related Posted in Flag Blog American FlagFlag Etiquette Published by Online Stores View all posts by Online Stores Post navigation ‹ PreviousWho Designed the Fifty Star American Flag? Next ›Expressing NASCAR Enthusiasm 78 thoughts on “What Are the Rules of American Flag Etiquette?” John says: April 17, 2009 at 2:35 pm There is one exception to the flag flying rules you state. Although all true, the exception is that the Flag of the State of Texas may be flown at an equal height with the U.S. Flag. All others must be flown at a lower level. This stems from the time when Texas was admitted to the Union. It was negotiated that since Texas was a Republic and its own country at the time it had equal standing with the United States and therefore would be allowed to fly its flag at an equal height. Reply Krystal Lane says: April 17, 2009 at 3:27 pm Hello John, Thank you for your input about American flag etiquette. This is an interesting piece of information that I was not aware of. See that? I learn something new everyday! Thanks again, John! Krystal Lane Reply Barry Kirkland says: October 6, 2009 at 12:42 am According to Federal Law, each of the 50 state flags may be flown on poles the same height as the US flag.. In doing this each flag should be about the same size.. and the US Flag will be flown on the left side as seen by the viewer. If there is a company or other flag to be flown, it will be at the far right. Each of the state flags, obviously shall be flown lower than the US flag on a single pole. Reference Texas Government Code: Title 11. State Symbols and Honors; Preservation Subtitle A. State Symbols and Honors Reply Jim Prentice says: September 23, 2011 at 8:04 pm The laws of Congress in respect to those matters do not extend into the territorial limits of the states, but have force only in the District of Columbia, and other places that are within the exclusive jurisdiction of the national government.” [Caha v. United States 152 U.S. 211 (1894)] “Legislation of Congress, unless a contrary intent appears, is meant to apply only within territorial jurisdiction of the United States.” Foley Bros. v. Filardo, 336 U.S. 281; 69 S.Ct. 575 (1949) Title 4 USC, Section 72 “All offices attached to the seat of government shall be exercised in the District of Columbia, and not elsewhere, except as otherwise expressly provided by law.”; See also Article I, Section 8, Clause 17 and Article IV, Section 3, cl. 2. Sorry to intercede here but “federal Law’ only applies to federal territory. The States are superrior to the federal government because the States were the creators of the Constitution FOR the Unitede States OF America. I fly the Florida Flag above the United States flag because Florida is superrior. The authority of the federal government is very limited when Congress deals with the several States. The federal Constitution is very explicit on this matter. Robert Joseph Glaser says: April 9, 2013 at 12:00 pm The flag of the closest allegiance has priority; I fly the flag representing God at the highest elevation, then my family flag, then my state flag, then the Union’s flag at the bottom. You choose who is superior. Of course on federal property the US flag is superior for employees of the government. Remember the founding; the Citizen is sovereign and above the government we have given limited representative power. !sgt Ed Fulk says: November 16, 2016 at 7:30 pm You are absolutely correct. Federal law does authorize all state flags may be flown at the same height as the US flag. This is a federal law which is only valid at Washington DC and federal buildings and installations. JEff says: September 17, 2010 at 5:54 pm Is there anytime that any flag can be flown above the US Flag and if so when is that time. Reply Timbo says: September 22, 2010 at 1:23 pm Jeff: As far as I know, there is no flag that may be flown above that of the U.S. That being said, there may be some rare instances in which religious flags, such as that of the Catholic church, may be flown above it. joe says: January 2, 2011 at 4:08 am times flags may fly higher than the US on Navy ships when services of religion are in session the church pennant is displayed above the US the Catholic church does not have a flag to be flown higher the Vatican flag represent the Vatican City a small country therefore it is to be equal to the US on US flags left joe says: January 2, 2011 at 4:03 am any flag may fly at same height as US as long as US flag is in position of honor viewers left Texas may fly lower than the Us Reply Buddy Flynn says: April 22, 2009 at 7:50 am Man, I’ve been flying my flags for years here in AZ and know one every told me that it’s to be luminated at night. Just shows how the Southwest is not all that American. I’ll getur lite up. Reply Helen says: April 29, 2009 at 1:52 am Hello, I have been told that you can fly a flag smaller than 3×5 twenty four hours a day. I have a 2×3 flag attached on a pole to my rancher and fly it all the time. Reply Tommy McLaughlin says: April 29, 2009 at 8:22 pm Helen, Thanks for your question! Actually, all flags regardless of size if flown at night must be completely illuminated. There are no exceptions to the rule for different sized flags — however in my opinion – the more often the flag is flown, the better. So I say keep it up! 🙂 –Tommy McLaughlin Flag Blog Reply ROBERT MARSHALL says: May 20, 2009 at 10:56 pm MY FAMILY WAS GIVEN A FLAG WHEN MY BROTHER PASSED AWAY IN 1994. HE HAD BEEN IN THE ARMY. UNFORTUNATELY, DURING A RECENT BREAK IN AT OUR FAMILY HOME THE FLAG WAS TAKEN OUT OF THE CASE AND STREWN ABOUT THE HOUSE. WE NOW HAVE THE FLAG AND HOLDER IN GOOD SHAPE BUT NEED SOMEONE TO RE-FOLD THE FLAG AND PLACE IN THE CONTAINER. WE NOW LIVE IN LOS ANGELES, SO PLEASE LET ME KNOW IF THERE IS A LOCAL BUSINESS WHO DOES FOLDING. THANKS, ROBERT 323 899-3702/323 296-2803 Reply Tommy McLaughlin says: May 21, 2009 at 12:49 pm Robert, I am very sorry to hear about your brother. Please send my regards to your family. You may visit your local Los Angeles Boy Scouts chapter, your local VFW, or even a local military recruiting center to have your flag refolded for you. For more information about folding the flag, be sure to check out the following: http://www.united-states-flag.com/folding-flag.html Reply Kim says: April 13, 2012 at 12:09 am If you have not found someone to re-fold your brother’s flag let me know. I belong to the Fort Huachuca Select Honor Guard and would be honored to re-fold it for your family. Please contact me at kimberly.h.morton@us.army.mil Sorry for the disrespect others have shown your family. SSG Morton Reply Donald Nicholson says: June 14, 2009 at 3:06 am The state of Texas entered the union by treaty instead of by annexation only state to do so ) and we can fly our flag the same height as the US flag. Texas is the only state to have a copitol building that is taler than the capitol in washington,DC by seven feet. I also wish Texas would secede from the union and become a republic again.We really don’t need all the crap that comes out of washington. Texas also has the right to secede from the union as this was part of the deal when we joined the union. Donald Nicholson Reply Alaskanjohn says: January 26, 2010 at 9:37 am We wish you would secede, and take all the Bushes with you. Kisses. Reply Debbie says: May 3, 2010 at 5:38 pm Let’s not be ugly! Andi Rieckert says: May 6, 2010 at 9:56 am that was very rude……… cory USMC says: December 15, 2011 at 4:31 am you need to brush up on your history. Texas does NOT have the right to succeed as it was brought into the union under law, not a treaty. thats an ignorant myth you bought into, hook, line, and sinker. if you disagree, please find me the name of this treaty with sources to back it up. your great granny doesnt count. also, if you read the flag code you would know that all state flags are allowed to fly at the same height as Old Glory, as long as they are to the viewers right of the US Flag. Who cares if the Texas capitol is taller? it’s ignorant Texans like you who give the rest of us a bad name. Knock off the over zealous Texas pride crap, it’s annoying. -Cory (a Texan and Marine combat veteran) Reply !sgt Ed Fulk says: November 16, 2016 at 7:26 pm Hey Cory, I am a retired US Army 1sgt and I know you marines think you know everything but there are those times that remaining silent and appearing to be a fool is better than to open ones mouth and reliving all doubt. If you do not out rank me keep your mouth shut. By the way I AM a Texan and an AMERICAN and damn proud to be both. Lamar Smith says: July 1, 2009 at 9:21 pm What is the correct way for a person in civilian clothes to salute the U.S. Flag? I have been told that veterans can perform the military salute while other civilians put their hand over their heart. Reply Tommy McLaughlin says: July 6, 2009 at 2:04 pm Lamar, In the United States, civilians salute the flag by placing their right hands over their hearts and saying the Pledge of Allegiance. (Men remove any headgear and hold it over their hearts, if applicable.) Great question! Reply DON WOLLING says: August 27, 2009 at 2:11 am WHEN EVER THE FLAG PASSES IN A PROCESSION OR DURING THE PLEDGE OF ALLEGIANCE, CIVILIANS SHOULD REMOVE ALL NON RELIGIOUS HEADGEAR AND PLACE THEIR HAND OVER THEIR HEART WITH THE HEADGEAR AT THEIR LEFT SHOULDER. VETERANS SHOULD REMOVE ALL HEADGEAR ALSO BUT THEY TOO MAY USE THE MILITARY SALUTE TO SHOW RESPECT. chuck bartoh says: November 3, 2009 at 5:54 am Congress passed some enactment that says, in a nutshell, that if you are a veteran, you may give the proper hand salute to the flag. All other citizens place their right hand over their heart. (and of course males remove hats. Present Arms! Reply preparedmindz says: January 7, 2016 at 10:47 pm Veteran’s can give their military salute if covered.Thanks for serving. Reply Wayne says: July 4, 2009 at 4:11 pm Question: For those of us that hold that God is above all nations, including the United States does that mean we cannot fly a Christian flag above a US flag? How are we to interpret one nation UNDER God? As the comments on Texas above show exceptions are allowed. Reply Tommy McLaughlin says: July 6, 2009 at 2:00 pm Wayne, Great question! According to Flag Code section 7c: The Christian flag may fly above the US flag only “during church services conducted by naval chaplains at sea, when the church pennant may be flown above the flag during church services for the personnel of the Navy” (Flag Code, Section 7c). For more information and a great article on this, check out : http://www.ushistory.org/betsy/faq.htm Reply Robert Joseph says: October 26, 2011 at 4:34 pm With no disrespect to my country, America or state, New Jersey, or anyone else’s … I expect the rules are generally written by patriotic government employees, hence the requirement for the Federal flag to be uppermost. And, when we are interacting with another country, such as at war, the federal flag would be uppermost, as we are acting as a nation. However, in a private setting, I understand and believe flags represent our allegience. My first allegience is to Almighty God and then to my family. Then generally to friends, neighbors, and individuals. Local government, state government, federal government, and other nations around the world come next. Remember that America was created with individual rights, and is unique throughout the world. When we put the government above individuals, we have it backwards. Reply Brian Moore says: August 5, 2009 at 8:48 pm I have a friend who inherited his late Father’s military burial flag. It is currently in a clear plastic triangular storage bag. For a gift I’ve been thinking of buying a proper flag case for it. My problem is, I don’t know what size the flag is and therefore don’t know what size case to buy. Lord knows I definitely don’t want to unfold it and destroy the tuck. Can anyone give me an idea as to how to estimate the size? Maybe by measuring the size of the stars or something? Please feel free to send me any suggestions at my email address. Reply Blogger says: August 6, 2009 at 1:37 pm Hi Brian, Since it’s a military burial flag, it’s surely 5′ x 9.5′. Here’s a link to the type of case you’ll need: http://www.united-states-flag.com/flcafor5ftx9.html I hope this helps! Tim Reply DON WOLLING says: August 27, 2009 at 2:35 am I HAVE QUESTION ABOUT ETIQUETTE OF THR POW/MIA FLAG. IN ME HOME TOWN A FEW PEOPLE DECIDED TO ERECT A MEMORIAL FOR A LOCAL FALLEN HERO. THEY BUILD THE MEMORIAL NEXT TO A BUILDING AND USED THE ROOF OF THE BUILDING AS PART OF THE MEMORIAL BY MOUNTING THE FLAGS FROM THE FACSIA OF THE BUILDING. THERE ARE SEVEN FLAGS ALL TOGETHER WITH THE US FLAG IN THE MIDDLE, WHICH IS CORRECT, BUT THE US FLAG TOUCHES THE MONUMENT AND ALSO THE ROOF OF THE BUILDING AND THE FLAGS ON EITHER SIDE. THE POW/MIA FLAG IS MOUNTED BELOW THE US FLAG BUT FLAT AGAINST THE WALL, NOT ON A POLE. I FEEL THE US FLAG SHOULD NOT TOUCH ANYTHING INCLUDING THE ROOF AND THE POW/MIA FLAG SHOULD ALSO BE ON A POLE LIKE THE REST OF THE FLAGS. THIS HAS BEEN BROUGHT TO THE ATTENTION OF THE PEOPLE INVOLVED WITH THE MEMORIAL AND STRANGERS HAVE EVEN GONE SO FAR AS TO TAKE THE US FLAG DOWN BUT THE NEXT DAY IT IS BUT RIGHT BACK UP. PLEASE E-MAIL ME YOUR COMMENTS. YOU MAY ALSO POST THEM. THANK YOU. DON Reply Blogger says: September 1, 2009 at 2:16 pm Hi Don, I personally do not know of any rules concerning the POW/MIA flag. As for the American flag, I agree with you that it should not be touching anything. Reply Donna says: September 21, 2009 at 4:54 pm I have a question about the display of the little flags frequently seen on veterans’ graves for Memorial Day – are there any particular rules for placement of the flags on the graves and guidelines as to when they are to be removed? So often I find flags on graves in remote cemeteries that have endured the ravages of storms and time. Many times the sticks are broken and the flags either lying on the ground or barely clinging to the stick and half on the ground in really sad shape. If I’m able to ‘re-hoist’ the flag on its stick, I do so, but this is seldom possible. I struggle with the question of whether I should remove the damaged flag, or whether it should be left for the family that placed it to tend to it. I would like to place recommendations on our cemetery preservation web site, since many of our web site visitors encounter similar situations and ask for our advice, but I want to post correct information. Do you have any advice for me? Thanks. Donna Reply Blogger says: September 22, 2009 at 8:38 pm Hi, Donna, As far as I know, flags are not to be placed on graves more than one or two days before Memorial / Veterans Day, and should also be taken down within one to two days after the given holiday. I also know that no flag should ever be allowed to become soiled, torn, touch the ground, etc. If you find flags with broken sticks that are in sad shape, you should certainly remove them. I hope that helped. Thanks for writing! Tim Reply Kathy says: February 13, 2011 at 6:15 pm In a situation of a small flag like this, how would you dispose of it? Sam says: February 22, 2011 at 3:23 pm According to the Flag Code, any American flag that is worn, damaged or tattered beyond repair should be retired in a respectful and dignified manner. The preferred method is burning. This may shock some, since it is a well known fact that burning the flag is illegal. This, however, is an exception to the rule. You can burn the flag yourself, making sure it is done in a discreet and professional manner, or many organizations like the American Legion, the Boy Scouts Council and the Girl Scouts Council will perform a flag retirement ceremony and burn your flag for you. In this case, burning signifies purification and rebirth. Although burning is the preferred method, it is also acceptable to seal your old flag in a box or bag and bury it. Theresa says: July 10, 2011 at 1:37 pm I do what the veterans do they burn the wore torn soiled flags so I myself do that as well I do not dispose of them any other way. Theresa Verona,KY graham thompson says: October 9, 2009 at 5:04 pm We wish to fly an American flag above our construction forms as we build the North Las Vegas City Hall project. Do we need to illuminate the flag at night or do we have to take it down before sundown. The heigth of the building will be 9 stories total but we are at the 5th level of concrete forms at this time (10-9-09) Thanks, Graham. Reply Blogger says: October 15, 2009 at 6:31 pm Hi, Graham, Yes, you’ll need to illuminate the flag if you plan on leaving it up throughout the night. Thanks for writing! Reply bob c says: February 23, 2017 at 7:38 pm Yes if you fly at night you should take the flag down. However with that said in your situation and the placement of the flag and keeping safety in mind I’m sure no one would see it as dishonoring the flag if you flew it 24 hrs. That’s my 2 cents Thank You for flying Bob USAF Veteran Reply Tiffany Nicholson says: February 2, 2010 at 12:52 pm I have just received a flag from a co-worker whose son is serving in Afghanistan. The flag was flown on a mission and is certified and also came with a picture of the unit. Since this is not a memorial flag is it still proper to display the flag in the folded Triangle? It is 3 x 5ft nylon flag – I plan on getting a frame to display in the office with the certificate and picture but don’t want to offend anyone – all the frames that I can find are labeled “Memorial” – I do not want to jinx her or her son. Reply joe says: January 2, 2011 at 4:15 am all US can be triangle folded Reply kathy jo says: February 7, 2010 at 2:49 pm Hi I have several questions, should the American flag ever be placed(patch)facing backwards or upside down? What is the meaning behind the American flag being placed like this ? .I always thought the flag should be flown or shown with the stars to my left & stripes to the right ? Reply Jarred K says: March 15, 2011 at 12:17 am Kathy, If you are talking about the patch the Us Amry wears, it is considered a backwards flag. The union (stars) are on the other side so the flag is charging into battle with the soldier insted of flying away form the fight. Reply Andi Rieckert says: March 27, 2010 at 5:02 am Hi Our Son is in the US NAVY We just bought our American Flag and outside pole with spot lights .I need to know is it OK to Fly the Navy Flag just under the American Flag but on the same pole and also can we leave the Navy Flag outside 24/7 as it would be under the spot light as well ? Oh and does the Navy flag have to be smaller than the American or can it be the same size just flown under the American ? Thank You Andi Reply Tim says: March 30, 2010 at 8:15 pm Hey, Andi! Thanks for writing. Yes, it is acceptable to fly the Navy flag on the same pole as the American flag. Just make sure the Navy flag is below that of the the US. If you fly the Navy flag on a different pole, make sure the American flag is to its right. It is also alright to fly both flags at night as long as you have the proper lighting. There is no need for the Navy flag to be smaller than the American flag, but it must not be bigger. Reply Terri says: April 28, 2010 at 5:24 pm My father passed away in Aug 08 the flag at buruiel was given to my mother…who recently passed away. There are Me the eldest and my Sister the younger. There are 4 grand daughters ages 21, 14, 7, 6 and one grand son who is 9 months. How is the flag to be passed thru the family? Thanks for your help! Terri Reply Tim says: April 28, 2010 at 8:04 pm Hi, Terri, I don’t think there is any set way of passing it along, but rather you may choose who will have the honor of safekeeping it. Reply Krystine says: August 2, 2010 at 10:16 am I believe the eldest child thing you are thinking about is used when determining notification of next of kin. If there is no spouse, then the eldest child over the age of 18 (including those by prior marriage) is considered the Primary Next-of-Kin. If there are no children over the age of 18, then the PNOK is the father or mother of the deceased. If there are no parents, then the eldest brother or sister or other blood relatives is notified. Whoever is the PNOK receives the flag for the family at the service. Once it is given to the family, I think Tim is correct, it becomes a family matter. Krystine Reply Andi Rieckert says: May 1, 2010 at 12:06 pm I ALWAYS THOUGHT THE OLDEST WOULD BE THE RIGHTFUL ONE TO HAVE THE MEMORIAL FLAG . I’M SORRY TO HEAR OF YOUR PARENTS PASSINGS . Reply Jill says: May 31, 2010 at 1:58 pm My husband was given his father’s memorial flag. It is folded and currently wrapped in tissue. Is it ok to fly this flag on a pole again or should it remain folded and displayed in a case? Reply Tim says: June 1, 2010 at 12:45 pm Hi, Jill, As far as I know, there should be no problem with your husband flying his father’s memorial flag, as long as it’s done in accordance with the U.S. Flag Code. I hope you all had a nice Memorial Day. Please take care! Thanks, Tim Reply Donna R. says: September 11, 2010 at 1:32 pm Is it alright to fly the Anerican flag, when it is raining outside? I want to fly the flag on 9/11/10 ( today) and it is drizzling. Is it disrespectable if I do this? Reply Timbo says: September 13, 2010 at 2:01 pm Hello, Donna. No, it’s not disrespectful to fly the American flag when it’s raining outside. Just make sure to take it down before it gets dark out, unless that is you’ve got a spotlight. Thanks! Reply Gary D. says: January 27, 2011 at 2:07 am No matter how you fold or store it, it is the greatest flag in the world, God bless our flag.! Reply Jim Coats says: February 21, 2011 at 12:09 am I am a old Marine and I fly the American flag with the Marine Corps flag underneath it. Question, when flying the American flag at half mask is it okay to leave the Marine Corps flag underneath it? Great website! Thanks for your response! A old Marine! Reply Sam says: February 22, 2011 at 3:39 pm When flying the US flag at half staff, there is no regulation for other flags on separate poles. On the same pole, you can either keep the Marin Corps flag lower than the American flag, or simply not display it on the day you fly the American flag at half staff. Hope that helps! Reply Jimmy Nye USMC says: February 22, 2011 at 2:17 am My flag is wind torn, beat up, and needs to be replaced. I do not know what to do with the old one. I will not put it in the trash. Oh yeah, Question #2, Which flag is better nylon or cotton? Reply Sam says: February 22, 2011 at 3:18 pm Jimmy, According to the Flag Code, any American flag that is worn, damaged or tattered beyond repair should be retired in a respectful and dignified manner. The preferred method is burning. This may shock some, since it is a well known fact that burning the flag is illegal. This, however, is an exception to the rule. You can burn the flag yourself, making sure it is done in a discreet and professional manner, or many organizations like the American Legion, the Boy Scouts Council and the Girl Scouts Council will perform a flag retirement ceremony and burn your flag for you. In this case, burning signifies purification and rebirth. Although burning is the preferred method, it is also acceptable to seal your old flag in a box or bag and bury it. For your second question, the middle portion of this page gives a nice comparison of flag materials: http://www.united-states-flag.com/outdoorflags.html Reply Barb says: February 22, 2011 at 4:29 pm I thought I had posted this question already but do not see it or never got a response. I cleaned for a man that passed away. After the funeral service no one wanted the memorial flag that the military had placed folded in the casket at the viewing. (I think that he should have been buried with it since no one wanted it.) I was saddened that no family member wanted to Honor him by keeping the flag and had put it in a donation pile to goodwill. I have the flag and I don’t know what I should do to show respect to the deceased or the flag. It is a beautiful flag to just be destroyed. I have several questions. 1. what would be proper? 2. Can a folded military flag be flown? 3. Is there a program that would use this flag to replace a loss due to disaster to a family? (fire, tornado, flood?)4. I took it to the Veterans Hospital, they suggested it being destroyed. Please help me to do the right thing. I have it in a handled Zip lock handled bag and I was told that is against etiquette…Thank you. Reply Sam says: March 3, 2011 at 8:14 pm Barb, Sorry we did not respond previously! It is sad that the family did not accept this flag, as the proper ceremony would have placed the flag in possession of the deceased’s next-of-kin. Keeping the flag is meant to honor the deceased, as well as his service. In cases where there is no next-of-kin to accept the flag (which may include next-of-kin refusing the flag), a friend may keep the flag to honor the deceased, and may fly that flag on appropriate holidays. So, I don’t see any reason that you could not keep the flag, if you choose to do so. For proper storage, a display case may be your best option: http://www.united-states-flag.com/displaycases.html. If you choose to dispose of the flag, follow the guide here: http://www.united-states-flag.com/flag-disposal.html. For more information on flag etiquette, storage and disposal, please visit http://www.united-states-flag.com/flag-etiquette.html. Reply Theresa says: July 10, 2011 at 1:48 pm Barb, that is sad that people have not go any respect for our soliders our our country anymore I fly my flag 24/7 365 days a yr. I am so saddened over your story but onthe other hand thank god for peopel like you. I would have placed the flag in the casket or a good person like you keep it in his honor. I am fighting to have a flag flown in the grave yard 365 days where many veterans are where I live. You are a true American God Bless you. Theresa M Hodge Verona,KY Reply larry mutsch says: May 29, 2011 at 1:08 am We have erected a flag pole, purchased a flag and wish to fly it Memorial Day. Our friend a member of the VFW recently passed and his daughter wants us to display his flag. Is it possible to place two USA flag on the same pole, if so which would be raised higher? Reply Dulce Nardone says: May 31, 2011 at 3:04 pm I have one of those pleated five stripe fans with the blue starred stripe as the center one for displaying outside. As it is not a flag per se I have a question as to whether it should be taken down at sundown or spotlighted to remain up during the night. Can you help me? Reply Jeremy Davis says: June 5, 2011 at 5:17 pm In my 16 yrs of vexological studies I have simply found it blantly disresepectfull to fly any flag one atop another. In short when you do this you change the ”message” of the flag at the top, and the flag on the bottom. To keep this simple look at the u.s. flag and any state flag, when the u.S. flag is flown by a civilian it is usally for geographical love,respect and allegiance and with that the same can be said in regards to a civilian flying their respective state flag.But when you fly the u.S. flag at a Federal facility it repersants the Federal gov haveing sole control at/over that Federal agency.When the u.S. flag is flown over that of a state flag the message is: The Federal reigns suprteme over this state and its people.If the state flag is flown alone at a state facility then the message is: the state reigns supreme at/over this state agency/facility. When both flags are displayed on equal height poles and are of the same size this repersants the Federal and state have an equal standing concerning the affairs and role of thet state agency,and when the u.S. flag is positioned to the right of the stste flag this means the state will for the moment cede itself to the Federal concerning an issue pertaining to that agency. Any flag that was once that of a viable belegerant nation (eg: Texas and the Confederate States of America) deserve to be respected and flown on equal height poles and of the same size as the other flags in the display.You may be asking why? Because when those countries existed for all the world to see the people at that time existed and because of their existance then it is because of them as their posterty that we exist today, we are their heirs.All the heritage,the legands the legecies the folklore etc,etc(good and not so good) belongs to us. It is up to us to learn from them,is hind site not 20/20? The flag rules that have been passed down to us promote the Federal Gov as ”the” most supreme agency. In my oppion fly your state flag and take back the fact that the states and the people of the statesd created the Federal Gov. Reply Robert Joseph says: October 26, 2011 at 4:43 pm Great reply Reply Doug Jarvis says: July 1, 2011 at 4:31 pm About twenty years ago I purchased a 5’x9′ military casket flag at a garage sale. I researched and found out who the veteran was that was honored with this flag and had his name added in the border between the grommets. We have been honoring this soldier every government holiday by displaying the flag across the front of our home. The flag is still in excellent condition except the blue is badly faded. How long can I display this flag before it becomes inappropriate? Can the blue be restored? It is a Valley Forge flag Reply Theresa says: July 10, 2011 at 1:41 pm I hope someone can put me in touch with the Veterans so I may raise a question in regards to a flag pole in my town at a cemetery where they do not want to hang a flag all yr long or even during the times the flag should fly for the veterans in that grave yard. hodgetm42@insightbb.com Theresa KY Reply dontshootjames@mail.com says: November 8, 2011 at 6:09 pm When hanging bunting at a military function, what is the propper prcedure? Does the blue go at the top? Reply Sharon Fields says: February 10, 2012 at 5:57 pm I have heard that a veterans flag from his casket, once placed in a display case, should never be removed. is this true and why? I have my grandfathers in a case and recently my Dad passed and I now also have his flag. My husband is wanting to make matching cases for flags and military memorabilia so it will look nicer when displayed onmour wall. Just wondering about this rumor we have heard. Reply Anthony Kniolek says: March 20, 2012 at 3:20 am I am erecting a flag pole in front of my house to properly fly the American flag 24/7 (all weather and very well illuminated). I would also like to fly the U.S. Marine Corps flag (properly) underneath it. I am a civilian who has never served this country but my (deceased) father served in the U.S. Marines (3/3 Vietnam, ’67-’68) and I would like to do this to honor him and all the Marines. He never had a vertical flag pole and I think he would be proud if he could see mine. Is this appropriate for a civilian to fly the USMC flag? Would any Marines out there find this offensive if they knew the flag was being flown by a non-Marine? Thank you. Reply Edward says: April 9, 2013 at 11:04 am The best way to honor any and all patriots is very simple. Fly the American Flag correctly. Know the etiquette. No one in the United States is above one another. We are all equal, it takes every state to contribute to acheve success. It takes everyone to put the effort forward to solving our nations problems. We have to be “For the people” again. Not against each other. United we stand divided we fall. Reply gta 5 cheat 360 says: October 8, 2014 at 8:25 pm It’s actually a nice and helpful piece of info. I’m glad that you simply shared this useful info with us. Please keep us up to date like this. Thanks for sharing. Reply terry cedars says: August 23, 2015 at 4:40 pm Can I fly the American Flag(was my Dad’s) and Confederate flag on same pole?? Reply Garry Faughn says: January 3, 2019 at 6:47 pm my church has three flag poles of the same height. where should the American be if I am looking at the flag from the church? flag code states the viewers left. who is considers the viewer from the church or the highway? Reply Online Stores says: January 8, 2019 at 10:35 am Mr. Faughn, the American Flag should be flown to the (flag’s own) right of all other flags. The right is a position of prominence. Thank you.

Write a 3-5 page paper in response to the following prompt. Your script should be doublespaced, 12pt text. The Bias towards the Future: What is the bias towards the future, and how is itrelevant to our attitudes towards death? Is it rational? Before writing your paper, make sure you make a plan. Also, it may be helpful to reviewthe “writing a paper” checklist slide that we discussed in the first class (available on thecourse site under files/slides and handouts). "Place your order now for a similar assignment and have exceptional work written by our team of experts, guaranteeing you A results." Our Service Charter 1. Professional & Expert Writers: Eminence Papers only hires the best. Our writers are specially selected and recruited, after which they undergo further training to perfect their skills for specialization purposes. Moreover, our writers are holders of masters and Ph.D. degrees. They have impressive academic records, besides being native English speakers. 2. Top Quality Papers: Our customers are always guaranteed of papers that exceed their expectations. All our writers have +5 years of experience. This implies that all papers are written by individuals who are experts in their fields. In addition, the quality team reviews all the papers before sending them to the customers. 3. Plagiarism-Free Papers: All papers provided by Eminence Papers are written from scratch. Appropriate referencing and citation of key information are followed. Plagiarism checkers are used by the Quality assurance team and our editors just to double-check that there are no instances of plagiarism. 4. Timely Delivery: Time wasted is equivalent to a failed dedication and commitment. Eminence Papers are known for the timely delivery of any pending customer orders. Customers are well informed of the progress of their papers to ensure they keep track of what the writer is providing before the final draft is sent for grading. 5. Affordable Prices: Our prices are fairly structured to fit in all groups. Any customer willing to place their assignments with us can do so at very affordable prices. In addition, our customers enjoy regular discounts and bonuses. 6. 24/7 Customer Support: At Eminence Papers, we have put in place a team of experts who answer all customer inquiries promptly. The best part is the ever-availability of the team. Customers can make inquiries anytime.

The Minnesota Department of Labor and Industry (DLI) has updated its frequently asked questions document for employers and employees with responses to the most common questions and concerns related to the COVID-19 pandemic. Federal paid sick days, expanded family leave For the most recent information and resources about the Families First Coronavirus Response Act, visit www.dol.gov/agencies/whd/pandemic. Employers should be aware that this law includes a new federally required workplace poster that can be distributed to teleworkers by email. In addition, employers and others who are interested in setting up an informational webinar about this law can email David Skovholt at david.skovholt@state.mn.us. Worker protections DLI's COVID-19 worker protections document has now been translated into Hmong, Somali and Spanish. English Hmong Somali Spanish Other DLI COVID-19 resources Minnesota OSHA: COVID-19 health and safety guidelines for the meatpacking industry COVID-19: Protecting grocery store employees fact sheet Safety and health guidelines for the employers and employees of essential work operations Workers' compensation: FAQs about the new Minnesota workers' compensation presumption law that covers first responders and certain health and child care workers.

Princess Cruises’ South African crew members have finally been repatriated home after more than two months in limbo when the global cruise industry was shut down due to Coronavirus. Princess Cruises was one of the first cruise lines to pause its global operations as the Coronavirus pandemic began to spread worldwide. several cruise ships have called in cape town this week to repatriate sa crew RELATED: P&O Cruises forced to cancel Arcadia’s South African port calls following shut down RELATED: MSC Cruises cancels remainder of SA season as Coronavirus crisis hits South Africa Thousands of crew members from several dozen nations were left stranded at sea and the cruise line began to plan the mammoth task of repatriating them all, using its cruise ships. Island Princess is one of several cruise ships the cruise line is using. It docked in Cape Town this week to offload South African crew members from across the Princess fleet. As they were entering Cape Town harbour, the cruise line played the South African National Anthem for its homesick crew. princess cruises plays south african national anthem for sa crew as they finally arrive home RELATED: Enchanted Princess delivery delayed due to shipyard shutdown in Italy RELATED: Princess Cruises makes ‘Princess Plus’ drinks and Wi-Fi offer permanent “Most of the crew are from various Asian countries, and South Africans from 4 different ships in Miami were collected and placed here to repatriate us,” a crew member told Cape Town Etc, which originally shared the video. “The rest will continue on to India, Philippines and other countries. Unfortunately they all have to wait while our COVID tests are being done. They all want to get home to their families too,” he added. Island Princess is now underway to Mumbai, India. The Cape Town call for the cruise liner was its first since departing Miami. This was the second Princess Cruises ship to dock in Cape Town this week, on the same day, Crown Princess had arrived to offload more South African cruise members. Holland America Line’s Volendam also called in Cape Town recently to offload South African crew. The arrival of cruise ships in the Mother City had initially confused many residents, as the port is meant to be closed to cruise operations. island princess There are approximately 100,000 crew members from all over the world stuck aboard cruise ships as cruise lines work with local authorities from dozens of countries to put together a repatriation plan. Royal Caribbean recently confirmed that it has ten cruise ships underway to several countries to offload crew. Recently, up to a dozen cruise ships filled Manila Bay as the world’s cruise lines arrived to repatriate its Filipina crew members. Stunning footage from the bay was shared by Cruise Hive. Share this: Click to share on Twitter (Opens in new window) Click to share on Facebook (Opens in new window) Like this: Like Loading... Related Categories: SA Cruise News Tagged as: Cape Town, Island Princess, Princess Cruises, South Africa Post navigation Carnival Corporation thanks customers for ‘outpouring of support’ amid shutdown Bahamas likely to be first cruise destination to reopen for tourists Published by Shaun Ebelthite Founder and editor of Cruise Arabia & Africa. I try to create the best news and information specifically for cruise passengers taking cruises to and from Dubai (where I live) and South Africa (where I was born). You can contact me at shaun(at)cruisearabiaonline.com. View all posts by Shaun Ebelthite

The Swordfish entered service when monoplane carrier aircraft were already appearing, and although performance exceeded expectations, it was not spectacular. The first aircraft reached service units in 1936. The Swordfish was a large biplane, but because it is single-engined it tends to look deceptively small from a distance and on photographs Swordfish var i bruk helt frem til slutten av den andre verdenskrig, og den siste produksjonsvarianten Swordfish Mk III var utstyrt med radar for antiubåtkrigføring. I alt ble 2391 Swordfish bygget. 692 av Fairey Aviation frem til 1940, og 1699 av Blackburn Aircraft Company frem til 1944 Saab's Swordfish maritime patrol aircraft (MPA) brings a new level of operational confidence to the global MPA market. The winning combination of Bombardier's Global 6000 ultra-long-range aircraft, General Dynamics Mission Systems-Canada's acoustics processor and Saab's pedigree in total airborne surveillance solutions, ensures a new era in maritime air power Swordfish Multi-Role Maritime Patrol Aircraft (MPA) Swedish aerospace and defence company Saab introduced the Swordfish long-range, multi-role maritime patrol aircraft (MPA) mission system on Canadian aircraft maker Bombardier's Global 6000 jet aircraft and Q400 turboprop aircraft platforms in February 2016 Fairey Swordfish - Aircraft - Fighting the U-boats - uboat A Swordfish made the first sinking of a U-Boat by Fleet Air Arm aircraft 13 April 1940 saw the first sinking of a U-Boat by a Fleet Air Arm aircraft. A Swordfish fitted with floats, catapulted off the battleship HMS Warspite, surprised the U-64 at anchor off Bjerkvik, Norway, and sank her with two anti-submarine bombs Although Swordfish numbered no more than 27 aircraft, they sank an average 50,000 tons (50,800 MT) of shipping every month. During one month, they sank a record 98,000 tons (99,572 MT). Swordfish attacked enemy convoys at night although they were not equipped with night instrumentation The Swordfish was revealed as a maritime patrol aircraft (MPA) system, one that can be adapted to either the Bombardier Global 6000 or Q400, depending on customer preference. In broad terms, an MPA is used to monitor a country's littoral waters and adjoining seas, including its sea-lines-of-communication (SLOC) or sea lanes, which serve as conduits for international trade Swordfish - Store norske leksiko The Swordfish initiative and the Global 6000 aircraft are truly a perfect match, says Stéphane Leroy, Vice President of Specialized Aircraft at Bombardier. The redundancy built into the baseline Global 6000 aircraft - such as the four variable frequency generators as well as an auxiliary power unit and RAM air turbine generator - ensures safety and reliability on MPA missions Fairey Swordfish at the Imperial War Museum Duxford (1980s). This is an incomplete list. Swordfish Mk.I W5856, Swordfish Mk.II LS326, Swordfish Mk.III NF389; These three aircraft form part of the Royal Navy Historic Flight; W5856 and LS326 are in flying condition; NF389 is being restored to airworthy condition by the Flight.. Swordfish Mk.II, HS618 Displayed at the Fleet Air Arm Museum Fairey Swordfish Mk2 (LS326/L2) full engine start up, power checks, taxi and take off from RNAS Yeovilton (EGDY) The aircraft is owned by The Royal Navy and. Torpedo bombers first appeared immediately prior to the First World War. Generally, they carried torpedoes specifically designed for air launch, which were smaller and lighter than those used by submarines and surface warships. Nonetheless, as an airborne torpedo could weigh as much as 2,000 pounds (910 kg), more than twice the bomb load of contemporary single-engined bombers, the aircraft. The Fairey Swordfish was a torpedo bomber used by the Fleet Air Arm of the Royal Navy during World War II. Affectionately known as the Stringbag by its crews, it was already outdated when the war started, but was operated as a primary attack aircraft into 1942 About this model aircraft This Fairey Swordfish model aircraft kit is made to order in the UK using top quality materials and precision laser-cutting. Part of a range that featured realistic appearance and excellent flying qualities together with simple construction. An ideal introduction to the world of rubber powered balsa wood kits Apr 25, 2016 - A Swordfish aircraft with the Royal Navy Historic Flight. The Swordfish evolved from the prototype Fairey TSR.II (Torpedo Spotter Reconnaissance), designed by Marcel Lobelle and HE Chaplin of the Fairey Aviation Company Ltd., first flew in 1934 and entered service with No.825 Squadron in 1936. In all, 2391 aircraft we Fairey Swordfish Mk.I W5856 This aircraft, a Blackfish built by Blackburn Aircraft at Sherburn-in-Elmet, first flew on Trafalgar Day (21 October) 1941. She served with the Mediterranean Fleet for a year and was returned to Fairey's Stockport factory for refurbishment Swordfish aircraft left one of their many marks in the British assault on Taranto through Operation Judgment. Taranto served as an important Italian naval base in the Mediterranean. Once France fell so too did her naval capabilities in the northwest Mediterranean, thus this sea - for all intents and purposes - came under control of the Axis powers The Fairey Swordfish was powered by a Bristol Pegasus engine which was a British nine-cylinder, single row, air-cooled radial aero engine. The engine was first designed by Roy Fadden of the British Aeroplane Company, and was used to power both civilian and military aircraft throughout the 1930s and 1940s The Fairey design for the Swordfish began as a private venture to satisfy a need to replace Greek Fairey IIIF aircraft. The original was known as the TSR1 (Torpedo Spotter Reconnaissance), but was not too successful and was significantly re-designed as the TSR2 and re-engined with the Bristol Pegasus before being regarded as satisfactory A Swordfish aircraft with the Royal Navy Historic Flight. The Swordfish evolved from the prototype Fairey TSR.II (Torpedo Spotter Reconnaissance), designed by Marcel Lobelle and HE Chaplin of the Fairey Aviation Company Ltd., first flew in 1934 and entered service with No.825 Squadron in 1936. In all, 2391 aircraft were built, the first 692 machines by Fairey Aviation and the remainder under. Swordfish would fly 4,177 patrols, sink 10 U-boats and share in the destruction of five more. Already obsolescent when the first one landed on an aircraft carrier, this ugly duckling, outliving several designs meant to replace it, was the only naval aircraft in frontline service from the first day of the European war to the last Swordfish: Vehicle Type: WW2 Carrier Aircraft: Corgi Aviation Archive 1:72 Scale Fairey Swordfish Mk I. 815 Squadron Fleet Air Arm HMS Illustrious. AA36306. Limited Edition - 2168 of 2860. As new, never out of box, all original packaging in good condition. Back to home page Return to top Fairey Swordfish in action - Aircraft No. 175. by W. A. Harrison | 1 Jan 2001. 5.0 out of 5 stars 2. Paperback More buying choices £14.95 (11 used & new offers) atlas editions 4909322 1:72 Fairey Swordfish 'Sink the Bismark' Model Plane. £27.95 £ 27. 95. FREE Delivery. Feb 25, 2019 - Explore Lee Walker's board Swordfish on Pinterest. See more ideas about Swordfish, Fairey swordfish, Aircraft The Swordfish Mk II is defended by: . 1 x 7.7 mm Vickers K machine gun, dorsal turret (600 rpg) Usage in battles. This aircraft will ultimately be outperformed by any aircraft it faces, so its key strength is the payload Nov 26, 2018 - Explore Charles Lofton's board Swordfish on Pinterest. See more ideas about Swordfish, Fairey swordfish, Aircraft The Swordfish remained in front-line service until V-E Day, having outlived multiple aircraft that had been intended to replace it in service. (Source: Wikipedia) (Photo: Rocket-armed Fairey Swordfish on a training flight from RNAS St Merryn in Cornwall, 1 August 1944 A Swordfish aircraft with the Royal Navy Historic Flight. The Swordfish evolved from the prototype Fairey TSR.II (Torpedo Spotter Reconnaissance), designed by Marcel Lobelle and HE Chaplin of the Fairey Aviation Company Ltd., first flew in 1934 and entered service with No.825 Squadron in 1936 Swordfish. Historic Flight. A biplane operated by the Royal Navy prior to and throughout WWII and now a significant national asset which has come to represent the very essence of both the Fleet Air Arm and wider naval ethos of the 'can-do, will-do' attitude A Swordfish taking off from the aircraft carrier HMS Ark Royal, with another passing by astern, circa 1939 These planes weren't without their disadvantages, of course. They were at a severe disadvantage when it came to air-to-air combat against Axis fighter planes, and the open cockpit meant that the men in the plane would suffer immensely in the cold The Swordfish Descend Upon the Bismarck. The Swordfish lifted off shortly after 7 pm on May 26, gained altitude, located Sheffield and this time used it as a way-finder rather than a target. Once Bismarck was spotted, the pilots split into five sub-flights of three aircraft each In a clear attempt to target Boeing's P8 Maritime Patrol Aircraft (MPA), Saab has highlighted its 'Swordfish' MPAs as an alternative to large, costly airliner-type platforms Here is the Fairey Swordfish Color Profile and Paint Guide. Cybermodeler Online. Celebrating 21 years of hobby news and reviews. Home What's New Features & Reviews Model Kit Top Gun Subject & Color Refs Search About Us. PROUDLY SPONSORED BY: Notice: The appearance of U.S. 72nd Aircraft. A forum discussion board for 1/72nd scale aircraft and armor fans. FORUMS. DISCUSSIONS. MESSAGES. NOTIFICATIONS. 72nd Aircraft > Showcase > Photos of Completed Models > Swordfish. Moderator:renscho. Share. Share with: Link: Copy link High dash speed and long endurance make the Saab Swordfish MPA an ideal maritime patrol aircraft. The Saab Swordfish MPA comes with an advanced sensor and C4I package comprising 360° rotating multi-mode maritime surveillance radar, electro-optical sensors with laser payload, automatic identification system (AIS), identification friend or foe. Fairey Aviation Company Limited var en britisk fly som eksisterte i første halvdel av 1900-tallet. Selskapet hadde sine baser i Hayes, London, Heaton Chapel og Manchester.Selskapet var kjent for bygging av et stort antall viktige militærfly, inklusive the Fairey III familien, Swordfish, Fairey Firefly og Gannet. Det var sterkt tilstedeværende i forbindelse med marinens fly for hangarskip. That night 21 Swordfish operating from HMS Illustrious changed the balance of naval power in the Mediterranean. The Museum's Aircraft - Fairey Swordfish Mk II HS618. This aircraft actually served in the Battle of the Atlantic. It was built under licence by Blackburn Aircraft Ltd and delivered to 834 Naval Air Squadron in May 1943 Nov 30, 2019 - A Swordfish aircraft with the Royal Navy Historic Flight. The Swordfish evolved from the prototype Fairey TSR.II (Torpedo Spotter Reconnaissance), designed by Marcel Lobelle and HE Chaplin of the Fairey Aviation Company Ltd., first flew in 1934 and entered service with No.825 Squadron in 1936. In all, 2391 aircraft we A Swordfish aircraft with the Royal Navy Historic Flight. The Swordfish evolved from the prototype Fairey TSR.II (Torpedo Spotter Reconnaissance), designed by Marcel Lobelle and HE Chaplin of the Fairey Aviation Company Ltd., first flew in 1934 and entered service with No.825 Squadron in 1936 Dec 30, 2015 - My dad was a rear gunner in ww11 in one of these aircraft. See more ideas about Swordfish, Fairey swordfish, Aircraft Saab, a Swedish defense firm, has offered its Swordfish maritime patrol aircraft (MPA) for South Korean Navy's requirement to procure six new aircraft to supplement its MPA fleet of 16 P-3C and. The Fairey Swordfish was a biplane torpedo bomber designed by the Fairey Aviation Company. Originating in the early 1930s, the Swordfish, nicknamed Stringbag, was operated by the Fleet Air Arm of the Royal Navy, in addition to having been equipped by the Royal Air Force (RAF) alongside multiple overseas operators, including the Royal Canadian Air Force (RCAF) and the Royal Netherlands Navy Swordfish aircraft operated from escort carriers, patrolling in the mid-Atlantic gap, helping keep U-boats submerged and providing vital air cover for the convoys. The Fairey Swordfish evolved from the prototype Fairey TSR.II (Torpedo Spotter Reconnaissance), designed by Marcel Lobelle and HE Chaplin of the Fairey Aviation Company Ltd BANGKOK — Over the past two years, Swedish aircraft manufacturer Saab has put its advertising muscle into promoting a maritime patrol aircraft it called Swordfish Photo about Historic swordfish aircraft with torpedo. Image of propeller, swordfish, historical - 163367 Swordfish Redefines Tomorrow's Maritime Patrol Aircraft English: A Swordfish aircraft with the Royal Navy Historic Flight. The Swordfish evolved from the prototype Fairey TSR.II (Torpedo Spotter Reconnaissance), designed by Marcel Lobelle and HE Chaplin of the Fairey Aviation Company Ltd., first flew in 1934 and entered service with No.825 Squadron in 1936 The Fairey 'Swordfish' was a torpedo bomber biplane designed by the Fairey Aviation Company and W.S. Hunt for use by the Fleet Air Arm of the Royal Navy during the Second World War. Initially, Swordfishes operated from the large fleet carriers. Later Swordfishes operated from escort carriers and 'MAC' (Merchant Aircraft Carrier) ships, and were very effective against U-boats The venreable old Swordfish now rests at the Shearwater Aviation Museum at Dartmouth NS. Canada a tribute to the brave men who flew the Stringbag in every theatre of operation during WWII. Incidentally this aircraft sunk more enemy tonnage than any other aircraft and was the only aircrft to see service throughout the entire war. repl Swordfish Multi-Role Maritime Patrol Aircraft (MPA Fairey Swordfish Mk II-ASV (ASW) From Azur Lane Wiki. Jump to navigation Jump to search. Fairey Swordfish Mk II-ASV (ASW) T1. T1. Type: ASW Bomber: Rarity: Aircraft Carrier. The Swordfish had its origins in the early 1930s, when it was developed by the Fairey Aviation Company in Middlesex for use in spotting for British naval guns, general reconnaissance, and torpedo. The Swordfish Mk I is a rank I British bomber with a battle rating of 1.0 (AB/RB/SB). It has been in the game since the start of the Open Beta Test prior to Update 1.27. The Swordfish is a plane often overlooked by new players, but it is common for more experienced players to hold a special love for ugly ducklings Since there were insufficient aircraft carriers to escort convoys across the Atlantic the British converted 19 grain ships and oil tankers to Merchant Aircraft Carriers (MAC). The grain ships, fitted with a 400 foot flight deck, hangar and elevator, operated four Swordfish while the tankers with a 460 foot flight deck had no hangar to accommodate their three Swordfish This attack was made by 15 Swordfish aircraft, armed with torpedoes set to 22 ft., and lasted from 2055 to 2125. It was first reported that the aircraft had scored no hits and it seemed that the remaining chance for the British forces had gone; but at 2130 Bismarck suddenly turned north and soon after came the welcome news that one hit, and possibly two, had after all been scored 10 Facts About the Fairey Swordfish - History Hi Swordfish production ended on the 18 th August 1944 by which time 2391 aircraft had been built, 692 by Fairey and 1,699 by the Blackburn Aircraft Company (referred to as Blackfish) at Sherburn-in-Elmet. The final Swordfish was delivered in August 1944 and the last front-line FAA flew Swordfish on the 21 st May 1945 when 836 Squadron was disbanded 327 results for swordfish, aircraft Save swordfish, aircraft to get e-mail alerts and updates on your eBay Feed. Unfollow swordfish, aircraft to stop getting updates on your eBay Feed Fairey Swordfish Mk.I L9781 No.820 Sqn FAA HMS Ark Royal 1939. Aircraft 650 shows the Ark Royal's colours of a blue/red/blue band, aircraft belonging to No.814 Sqn carried the same colours, but in a chevron pattern The Royal Navy aircraft carrier, one of the first to use an angled landing deck. The ship was laid down as Irresistible, but was renamed in honour of the famous WW2 aircraft carrier HMS Ark Royal, from the deck of which Swordfish aircraft took off that inflicted critical damage on the formidable German battleship Bismarck Sep 12, 2020 - Explore dturc#33's board Swordfish on Pinterest. See more ideas about Swordfish, Fairey swordfish, Ww2 aircraft Shop for swordfish Aircraft in the Shapeways 3D printing marketplace. Find unique gifts and other personal designs in Shapeways Miniatures Fairey Swordfish - Aviation Histor RAF Serial : Type : Aircraft History: V4683: Mk.I : NOTE: One source quotes this serial as one of the six RAAF Swordfish, however, this appears to be a blackout block serial number, so the aircraft should not exist!Our theory is that this is a misprint for V4685 which seems to have followed a similar path to the other five aircraft Feb 6, 2018 - Explore Kristjan Pedersen's board Swordfish on Pinterest. See more ideas about Swordfish, Fairey swordfish, Wwii aircraft The Swordfish II was a remodeled MONO Racer built by Doohan. Originally designed for high-speed racing, the craft was given armaments and converted into a space-ready fighter.Spike Spiegel owned and flew the ship. 1 Design 2 History 3 Gallery 4 Video Gallery 5 Background 6 Notes and references The Swordfish was 13.8 meters long by 13.3 meters wide and 4.8 meters tall weighing 8.4 metric tons. Aug 28, 2017 - Explore Etiennedup's photos on Flickr. Etiennedup has uploaded 3214 photos to Flickr WWII British aircraft: Fairey Swordfish The Fairy Swordfish was a torpedo-spotter-reconnaissance biplane operated by the Fleet Air Arm (FAA) and was nicknamed the stringbag because of the large variety of weapons it could carry. Boasting the most spectacular successes of any biplane in World War II, The Swordfish sank or disabled three Italian battleships and a cruiser in the attack on. Fairey Swordfish. History: When British naval intelligence determined that a large number of Italian warships lay at anchor in Taranto harbour in November 1940, an attack was organized, to be carried out by 21 single-engine carrier-based biplanes. The operation was a huge success -- three battleships were severely damaged, a cruiser and two destroyers were hit, and two other vessels were sunk History The Fairey Swordfish was an aircraft that, although appearing to be obsolete at the outbreak of World War II, achieved a combat record far in excess of what anyone expected. A large biplane, the type was used as a torpedo bomber, reconnaissance aircraft, anti-submarine type, and trainer by Commonwealth air forces and navies Profile: Saab Swordfish Maritime Patrol Aircraft (MPA [1] SWORDFISH ORIGINS * The Swordfish started out in 1933 as a private venture by Fairey Aviation Company Limited, in the form of the three-seat Torpedo Spotter Reconnaissance I (TSR.I) aircraft, developed by a team under Marcel Lobelle, a Belgian who was Fairey's chief designer Dec 4, 2014 - Explore Ian Rowbottom's board Fairey Swordfish on Pinterest. See more ideas about Fairey swordfish, Swordfish, Aircraft Royal Navy Torpedo Bomber. Historical Notes. Wikipedia. This fabric-and-metal biplane began development in 1933, fulfilling the triple roles of Torpedo Bomber, Spotter, and Reconnaissance Carrier-based aircraft. Operating from fleet carriers or more usually escort carriers. TBF Avenger, F4F Wildcat / Martlet and Fairey Swordfish. Water-based aircraft. Martin PBM Mariner, Short Sunderland and PBY Catalina. Very-Long Range aircraft. These aircraft helped to reduce the mid-ocean air gap utilized by U-boats Fairey Swordfish Mk I torpedo bombers of the Fleet Air Arm on a training flight from Crail in Scotland, 1940. A3532.jpg 3,219 × 2,480; 2.38 MB Fairey Swordfish Mk I.svg 1,429 × 1,680; 748 K Video: A look at Saab's Swordfish maritime patrol aircraft The Saab Swordfish is a family of multi-role maritime patrol aircraft (MPA) based upon the Bombardier Q400 turboprop and Global 6000 jet. Swordfish mission system is designed to carry out a wide range of maritime C4ISR (Command, Control, Communications, Computing, Intelligence, Surveillance and Reconnaissance) missions and combat roles Dec 3, 2013 - ferdinand-von-portus: Fairey Swordfish - nice plane Fairey Swordfish Military Wiki Fando Sjekk Fairey Swordfish oversettelser til Norsk bokmål. Se gjennom eksempler på Fairey Swordfish oversettelse i setninger, lytt til uttale og lær grammatikk The Swordfish' MPA consisting of Bombardier's Global 6000 ultra-long-range aircraft, General Dynamics Mission Systems-Canada's acoustics processor and Saab's pedigree in total airborne surve If the Swordfish has lived on among the many British legends of the Second World War, the man whose name the aircraft bore has not. Sir Richard (Dick) Fairey was one of the pioneers of the British aviation industry; his career spanned an early apprenticeship before the First World War through to the creation of the Fairey Delta 2, the jet that broke the world speed record in 1956, the. The Fairey Swordfish was a carrier based biplane torpedo bomber used by the British Royal Navy in World War II. One of the most famous instances that rose this plane to fame is the moment they helped sink Germany's best battleship the Bismarck on May,27th,1941 in the North Atlantic. The Swordfish entered service in 1936 Fairey Swordfish LS326/L2 Start Up & Take Off - YouTub Note: A rare look into the cockpit of a Swordfish (or 'Stringbag' as it was affectionately known by crews). NF370 was built in 1944 and delivered to the RAF in Febuary of 1945. There are no records of it being entered in either of the RAF.. Your Swordfish Aircraft stock images are ready. Download all free or royalty-free photos and vectors. Use them in commercial designs under lifetime, perpetual. SAAB is actively marketing its new business jet-sized Swordfish multi-role maritime patrol aircraft which it hopes will offer a competitive alternative to larger platforms. BILL READ FRAeS reports from Linkoping in Sweden Amercon 1/72 Scale - Fairey Swordfish Mk1 HMS Furious Aircraft 1940. £18.85. Click & Collect. Free postage. or Best Offer. 1:72 Fairey Swordfish Bomber Fighter Alloy Model Aircraft Collectibles Gifts. £24.05. Free postage. 1/72 Scale FAIREY SWORDFISH Bomber Fighter Alloy Aircraft Collectibles Preparing myself mentally for a build of an 860 squadron Swordfish, I noticed a cable between the main landing gear legs. What has been seen cannot be Fairey Swordfish Mk.II, what's between the legs? - 72nd Aircraft Torpedo bomber - Wikipedi aircraft/loadouts Swordfish MKII and Swordfish MKIV. By GandhiKhan, March 29, 2017 in Passed for Consideration. GandhiKhan 116 GandhiKhan 116 Warrant officer; Member; 116 168 posts; Gender: Male; Location: Confusion, Confusionville; Interests: Tanks. Newsfeed. The newsfeed doesn't contain any items. More about the Fairey Swordfish propellers. The Fairey Swordfish-page contains all related products, articles, books, walkarounds and plastic scale modeling projects dedicated to this aircraft.. This topic is categorised under: Aircraft » Propeller » Fairey Swordfish Fairey Swordfish World War Photo The Fairey Swordfish is a single-engine two- or three-seat torpedo bomber biplane aircraft produced by the British manufacturer Fairey Aviation Company Limited. The Fairey Swordfish was produced as landplane with wheel landing gear and as a floatplane 18 Veron Fairey Swordfish - The Vintage Model Compan Fairey Swordfish (suom. miekkakala) oli brittiläinen toisessa maailmansodassa lentotukialuksilta toiminut torpedopommittaja.. Swordfish oli kaksitaso, ja jo sodan alussa auttamattomasti vanhentunut, mutta silti sitä käytettiin koko sodan ajan, ja Swordfishin seuraajaksi tarkoitettu Fairey Albacore itse asiassa poistui palveluskäytöstä ennen Swordfishiä The Fairey Swordfish biplanes were also utilised in Malta. In fact, by the end of the war, they had caused more damage to Axis shipping than any other Allied Aircraft. This particular plane was forced to ditch into the sea in April 1934 due to engine failure, and was discovered at outside of St Julian's Bay in 2017 Swordfish Aircraft Aircraft, Fairey swordfish, Wwii aircraft Here is the Fairey Swordfish Modeler's Online Reference which provides the modeler with a one-stop resource for photo references, kit reviews, and available aftermarket options in all of the popular scales Built by Blackburn Aircraft at Sherburn-in-Elmet in August 1943. Served 836 Squadron aboard two light aircraft carriers until November 1944. Shown at Fairey Aviation at Ringway with a Barracuda V and Halifax. Registered G-AJVH in May 1947 as a comms aircraft. Returned to the Royal Navy in April 1959 and currently airworthy. - Photo taken at Manchester - International (Ringway) (MAN / EGCC) in. Trivia. A plane more in line with WW1-era aircraft, it was woefully outdated even before the war started. An order was put forth by the British Air Ministry to replace the current Fairey III, and with Fairey's proven track record in creating recon planes, they designed a working prototype by 1933, the TSR I (Torpedo-Spotter-Reconnaissance I) Like the Swordfish, the AirTractor is an over-designed, heavily-built aircraft designed to take rough treatment. The weak point for the crop dusters began to be the Pratt and Whitney Wasp radials that powered them—not the engine itself (a proven performer) but the parts, the expertise, the age and access to fuel Media in category Fairey Swordfish LS326 The following 68 files are in this category, out of 68 total. Bournemouth Air Festival 2013 (9628401705).jpg 1,936 × 1,089; 617 K FAIREY SWORDFISH - Royal Navy Historic Fligh Roger Bale's Swordfish. The Fairey Swordfish, the legendary 'Stringbag', was a Torpedo Spotter Reconnaissance biplane dive-bomber which went into service with the Fleet Air Arm pre-war in 1936.Initially, Swordfishes operated from the large fleet carriers. Later Swordfishes operated from escort carriers, and were very effective against U-boats As newer, faster aircraft were developed to replace it, the Swordfish was modified to become an anti-submarine aircraft. The Mk.II featured metal lower wings that allowed it to be armed with ten rockets or depth charges, which, along with its sturdy design and long endurance, made it an exceptional anti-submarine aircraft for use on merchant aircraft carriers in the Atlantic convoys Saab | It´s a human right to feel saf Swordfish Gunner. Explore Etiennedup's photos on Flickr. Etiennedup has uploaded 3223 photos to Flickr. Aircraft Photos Ww2 Aircraft Military Aircraft Navy Aircraft Military Weapons Fairey Swordfish Ww2 Planes Vintage Airplanes Fighter Pilot Fairey Swordfish - brytyjski pokładowy samolot torpedowo-bombowy i rozpoznawczy okresu II wojny światowej, zbudowany w 1935 roku w wytwórni Fairey Aviation Co. Ltd (MAC-ship - Merchant Aircraft Carrier), były przystosowane do montowania rakietowych przyspieszaczy startowych , skracających rozbieg z 200 do 82 m Swordfish (2) This build is represents a pretty major step away from what I normally build. Most of my aircraft aren't scaled for minifigs and it's been years since I last built a WW-II aircraft Le Fairey Swordfish est un avion militaire embarqué britannique des années 1930/40, fabriqué au départ à titre privé sous la dénomination TSR 1 par Fairey, et approuvé par les autorités en raison du succès des essais de catapultage depuis de grandes unités de la Royal Navy, en particulier le HMS Repulse.Le mot anglais swordfish signifie en français « espadon » Fairey Albacore var et britisk en-motors, dobbeltdekker torpedobomber fly som opererte fra hangarskip. Det var bygget av Fairey Aviation mellom 1939 og 1943 for Royal Navy Fleet Air Arm og brukt under andre verdenskrig.Det hadde tre manns besetning og var designed for spaning og rekognosering,så vel som bombing, stupbombing og som torpedo bomber canvas of A digital depiction using a photograph of a Fairey Swordfish (nicknamed the stringbag) I took at Yeovilton Air Day. In the background you can see an Illustriou Royalty free 3D model Fairey Swordfish Aircraft for download as obj, c4d, and fbx on TurboSquid: 3D models for games, architecture, videos. (1506770 The versatility of the Swordfish was immortalised in its moniker, the Stringbag. The planes became famous for the attack on Taranto, where the battleship Littorio was sunk and two others were heavily damaged. In May 1941, Swordfish planes from HMS Ark Royal crippled the Bismarck - a most impressive success for such an old-fashioned aircraft

Dhaka ranks 137th out of 140 cities in the Economist Intelligence Unit's list of livable cities for 2021. In other words, Dhaka is not a livable city at all. Even before that, the city was on the list of uninhabitable cities. In 2018, Dhaka was the 139th city on this list. Auckland, New Zealand tops the list of livable cities in the latest 2021 survey. Osaka is second, Adelaide is third, Tokyo is fourth, Wellington is fifth, Perth is sixth, Zurich is seventh, Geneva is eighth, Melbourne is ninth and Brisbane is tenth. That means the top 10 livable cities include two in New Zealand, two in Japan, four in Australia, and two in Switzerland. The list of livable cities has changed drastically due to the Corona epidemic. The Austrian capital Vienna has been at the top of the list since 2018. But this time Vienna did not get a place in the top ten cities. In 2019, Melbourne, Australia was in the second position with the same point as Vienna. The previous year, Dhaka was ranked 138th on the list of livable cities. As such, it can be said that the situation in Dhaka has advanced one step this time. However, this list is not satisfactory, experts said. According to the EIU survey, the Syrian city of Damascus is at the bottom of the list of livable cities. This city ranks 140th. That means the war-torn city is completely uninhabitable.

Stop me if you have heard this one before. Your marketing team approaches you wanting to know how they can identify the best set of features for their new product offering that launches in six months. Naturally, they have come to the insights team to help them solve this rather challenging problem. The product will launch in three countries and they need to narrow down the potential list of features as a first step. What do you do? The first thing that may come to mind is to conduct a survey asking people to rate each feature on a scale from ‘least appealing’ to ‘most appealing’. Scales are easy for people to understand and you will be able to see which features are rated highly more often. However, the problems with this approach are: – Many features having similar ratings for ‘top box’ or ‘top two box’ ratings. This may leave you just as confused as before on what is important. – Given that you will be talking to people from different countries, you may experience scale bias (i.e. people in certain cultures responding more favorably). No problem! You can have people rank each of the features. The ranking exercise will force people to make trade-offs and cultural differences will not show up in a ranking exercise. Although this is true, having people rank many items (10, 20, 30 items) can be a daunting task. It is also difficult to know how much more people may like the top item from the item ranked as second, third, fourth, and so on. There is an approach that addresses all of these concerns – Maximum Difference Scaling. Maximum Difference Scaling, or MaxDiff, is a technique that provides a relative importance rating for each item in the list, free of scale bias, and drives differentiation in making trade-offs. MaxDiff can work with lists of 10 to 30 features in a way that does not make the exercise for respondents difficult. The results can also give you an idea of the degree of importance. Instead of just saying that Feature A is favored over Feature B, we can provide a sense of magnitude as well. In a typical MaxDiff exercise, respondents are shown multiple screens of three to five items. They will often be asked to rate the item they like ‘best’ and the item they like ‘worst’. An experimental design sits behind the scenes, and versioning is distributed in such a way to create a balanced design. Once all respondents have all gone through the exercise, we can determine their share of preference for all features shown. This technique is also adaptable to different scenarios. An example would be to ask consumers what is important when making purchasing decisions in a given category. They would select the items that are ‘most important’ (best) and ‘least important’ (worst). As long as you have a ‘best/worst’ choice for the respondent, the anchored scale is adaptable. Not only can MaxDiff scores (often called utilities) be used to provide a measure of relative importance, they can be brought into other techniques like TURF and segmentation. TURF (total unduplicated reach and frequency) can tell you which collection of features is likely to cover the most of your target audience. This can be helpful when you need to design a line-up of products with broad appeal. Segmentation approaches can also be used on the utilities to identify sub-groups of consumers who may have different preferences or tastes. MaxDiff is not a silver-bullet solution. There are some situations where other approaches, like conjoint, may be better suited. Here are a few questions you can ask yourself to determine if MaxDiff is the right approach for your business problem: – Do you have a list of individual items or features where you need to understand the relative importance among a set of consumers? – Do you have large set of features (10 to 30) that you need to evaluate? – Can the items or features be expressed in a relatively short, pithy way that consumers can understand? If you answered, ‘yes’, to all of the above questions then MaxDiff may be the right technique for your next study. Max Diff can be a powerful tool to help you identify the relative importance of key features while accounting for cultural differences. ENGINE has the expertise to design-build the best design solution to answer your most pressing business questions.

New Delhi: An expert panel on Tuesday recommended Covaxin – Bharat Biotech’s COVID-19 vaccine – for use on children between the ages of two and 18. Also Read :- Covaxin meets WHO criteria for Delta, shows Lancet study: Bharat Biotech “Bharat Biotech has submitted data from clinical trials in the two – 18 age group for Covaxin to CDSCO (Central Drugs Standard Control Organisation). The data has been thoroughly reviewed by the Subject Expert Committee (SEC)… provided positive recommendations,” the Hyderabad-based company said. “This represents one of the first approvals worldwide for COVID-19 vaccines for the two – 18 age group… We now await further regulatory approvals prior to product launch and market availability of Covaxin for Children,” the company said. “We (always) said we will get a vaccine for children between two and 18… it will be approved soon. SEC has recommended… it will be approved soon… trials were conducted keeping in mind safety of children. We are committed to their safety,” junior Health Minister Dr Bharti Pravin Pawar told media. That final approval – viewed as a formality – will be given by the Drug Controller General of India. Also Read :- India's Covaxin only 50% effective against symptomatic Covid cases: Lancet study When it does come, Covaxin will be only the second vaccine cleared for use on kids in India; in August Zydus Cadila’s three-dose DNA jab was allowed to be used on adults and children over 12. A third potential vaccine for kids is Serum Institute’s Novavax, for which the DCGI last month cleared trials for children between seven and 11 years. A fourth is Biological E’s Corbevax, which has been cleared to conduct advanced trials on children above five. Last week manufacturers Bharat Biotech said it had submitted data on vaccine trials on children. The Covaxin vaccine tested on children is the same formulation as used on adults, but separate trials were needed to guarantee safety and efficacy on younger recipients. Data on these trials has not been made public yet, but tests were conducted on 1,000+ children across the country. The panel, however, noted the trial on kids showed similar efficacy rates as that on adults. Also Read :- Centre to buy 1 crore shots of Zydus Cadila's Covid-19 vaccine at ₹265 per dose Data on the vaccine’s efficacy (for adults) was submitted to the DCGI in June; the data indicated Covaxin is 77.8 per cent effective in protecting against the virus. India is slowly turning its focus towards vaccinating children against the coronavirus, having administered nearly 96 crore doses to adults. Dr Randeep Guleria, chief of Delhi’s AIIMS, has stressed that children in the two-18 age group must be vaccinated “because that’s the only way to get rid of the pandemic”. Earlier this month Dr NK Arora, the chief of India’s vaccine task force, told news agency ANI that children with severe comorbidities would be prioritised and that other (healthier) kids would be immunised subsequently. “We are trying to identify (children) at highest risk… within the next couple of weeks, the list will be in the public domain. We are also making arrangements so these children do not have to travel (too far) to get the vaccine…” he said. As schools re-open and students (and teaching and non-teaching staff) return to classrooms, concerns have been expressed over a spike in cases and the possibility of children being infected, as well as the need to also vaccinate adults working at schools. Also Read :- After WHO's nod for Covaxin, India in talks with more countries for approval: Reports India has so far fully vaccinated less than 30 crore of its 130 crore population. Meanwhile, the World Health Organization has yet to grant Covaxin an EUA, or emergency use authorisation. Following delays in the process – the WHO had asked Bharat Biotech for additional trial data – a decision is expected next week. Without an EUA, Covaxin will not be accepted as a valid COVID-19 vaccine by most countries around the world. This means Indians who received the jab will be forced to quarantine when travelling abroad, unlike those who received SII’s Covishield.

Osu is a seemingly simple game that swept lots of people all over the world off their feet. It is great for the twitchy and fidgety characters since they are really forced to concentrate to succeed in the game. Having played for a while, you are bound to start searching for the best OSU tablet to improve your results because a mouse is simply not enough for comfortable and efficient gameplay. Those who play at a professional level use tablets. Which models are considered the most optimized ones for this entertaining pastime? Best Osu Tablets Wacom Intuos Art - The most reliable tablet Huion OSU Tablet - The cheapest line XP-Pen StarG640 - The best choice HUION H420 - Best starter tablet Wacom Bamboo CTL471 - With the best hardware Wacom CTL4100 - Best Wacom tablet for Osu The features that matter the most are the precision of tracking and the sensitivity to pressure. If you are looking for an OSU tablet, that will only be involved in playing the game, the simplest, smallest versions with decent accuracy are going to do the job. However, the device is also great for those occupied in the illustration or design spheres and allows them to do many things better than a mouse does. Even then, the most expensive model will not be required. Single out your needs and find the option that satisfies them the best on the list below. 1. Wacom Intuos Art The most reliable tablet Active drawing area: 5.9 x 3.7 in | Display: 13.3 in | Resolution: 2540 LPI | Pen pressure sensitivity: 4096 levels | Connections: USB and Bluetooth $ VIEW ON AMAZON Rating ⊕ Durable battery ⊕Supported by macOS and Windows ⊕Battery-free pen ⊖ Overpriced ⊖ Not the entire tablet surface is active Here is one of the best OSU tablets that can also be used for more serious activities. You can choose between a small and a medium version. But mind that the miniature one is really tiny and can prove to be uncomfortable if you plan to do some work on a large computer screen. The device, unlike many of its rivals, comes in a pleasant blue color with the working area not reaching its edges. The tablet is able to recognize the touch of your hand from its stylus. It means that the pointer will not be making weird jerks and unwanted strokes while you’re working. 2. Huion OSU Tablet The cheapest line Active drawing area: 4 x 2.23 in | Display: 7 in | Resolution: 4000 LPI | Pen pressure sensitivity: 2048 levels | Connections: USB $ VIEW ON AMAZON Rating ⊕ Very small ⊕Affordable for just playing ⊕Fitting Pen ⊖ Playing will require driver installation ⊖ Only USB connection If you are against squandering money on a game, you will be more than satisfied with the performance of this small affordable gadget. The cheapest OSU drawing tablet in this list, it has high-pressure sensitivity and a decent report rate that allow playing the game super efficiently. The restricted active area is fit exactly for the small hand motions the game requires, so it will feel quite comfortable. The stability could otherwise be questionable if not for the cost, you could do worse with some alternatives. You will not be getting an EMR stylus that requires no charging. So, prepare an AAA battery to power it and keep replacements at hand. Overall, you obtain a considerable improvement of the gameplay with a small investment. 3. XP-Pen StarG640 The best choice Active drawing area: 6 x 4 in | Display: 7.5 in | Resolution: 5080 LPI | Pen pressure sensitivity: 8192 levels | Connections: USB $ VIEW ON AMAZON Rating ⊕ No drivers required ⊕The best dimensions for OSU ⊕Very sleek and modern design ⊖ Reacts to accidental hand touches ⊖ Inconveniently thin pen This might not be the most popular model, but there is no reason why it shouldn’t be. With such great characteristics, it can be easily called the best OSU tablet. The device claims to have incredibly high values of the resolution, report rate and accuracy, which even surpass those of a popular Wacom tablet rival. Realistically, it is quite possible that the difference in values is too small to have an effect on the overall performance. You might not feel comfortable with the bigger active area. But, on the other hand, if you have a bigger screen, it will feel more comfortable. The device is supplied with a great battery-free pen that eliminates many worries about the remainder of charge or battery replacements. You can work or play as long as you wish. Possibly the most important parameter in all OSU tablets is the cursor delay that can have a large impact on the results. As opposed to many rival devices, this model is free of even the slightest cursor delay. Besides, there is no impact from the installation of a driver that seems to be worsening things in many other models. You will be able to conveniently play or do any kind of digital art with this great device. 4. HUION H420 Best starter tablet Active drawing area: 4x2.23 in | Display: 6.96x4.40 in | Resolution: 4000 LPI | Pen pressure sensitivity: 2048 levels | Connections: USB $ VIEW ON AMAZON Rating ⊕ Rather compact for its dimensions ⊕Convenient stylus ⊕Supports macOS and Windows ⊖ Hand touches intervene with the pen ⊖ Battery-powered Pen In case you are seeking the best tablet for OSU that would also be good for learning digital art, this model is what you need. It is very beginner-friendly but at the same time comes close to many professional devices. Its pen is super light, features some buttons for switching between brushes, and has an on/off button that basically transforms it into a regular pen. It supports scrolling, which is really handy. The working surface is very responsive and captures motions with high precision. The whole thing weighs next to nothing and can be taken anywhere for a play or some other use. You can assign any action to the additional buttons located on the device itself. The tablet will be supported by any design or gaming software, same goes for the popular OS types (Windows and Mac). 5. Wacom Bamboo CTL471 With the best hardware Active drawing area: 5.8 x 3.6in | Display: 8.3 x 5.8 in | Resolution: 2540 lpi | Pen pressure sensitivity: 1024 levels | Connections: USB Micro, USB Type A $199.95 VIEW ON AMAZON Rating ⊕ Suitable for any OS ⊕Simple to use ⊕Requires no drivers ⊖ Somewhat overpriced ⊖No stylus stand ⊖Lack of express buttons This is one of the pricier photo editing tablets for OSU that could be considered by those willing to combine work or art with this entertaining game. You will find the active area appropriately sized for comfortable gameplay. Moreover, the design is supplemented with the most pleasant rubber coating on both of the tools that feels extraordinary and adds to the pleasure of playing. If your intention is to have several uses for the tablet, you might find the active area somewhat restricted. However, when you install the drivers, you will get an option of redefining the dimensions of the active surface. A somewhat disappointing matter is the absence of Express Buttons on the device that make a big difference in digital art or design. For such a price, you are reasonable to expect this feature. Indeed, many good OSU tablets of this market segment are equipped with it. For the gameplay, this feature does not matter, and the main characteristic, the speed of response, is excellent. You are also free to connect the device to any OS, even Linux, which is less common. All totaled, this quick and pleasant to the touch tablet is a great option for those who can spare the expense. 6. Wacom CTL4100 Best Wacom tablet for Osu Active drawing area: 6.0 x 3.7in | Display: 7.9 x 6.3 in | Resolution: 2540 LPI | Pen pressure sensitivity: 4096 levels | Connections: USB and Bluetooth $ VIEW ON AMAZON Rating ⊕ EMR stylus ⊕Lightweight ⊕Super-stable performance ⊖ Rough surface Wacom is very famous in this market segment, but their products are not always quite appropriate for the purpose we’re considering here. They are designed for painting and have an inbuilt cursor delay. However, this model is featured as the best OSU tablet because it has a great EMR stylus that eliminates all charge-related worries and also has a comfortable rubber grip for when your hands get sweaty with tension. In addition, it is very stable and accurate, shows minimum latency. If you are up for its price tag, this will be a great device for playing and indulging in digital arts or design. Best Osu Tablets Comparison Image Name Features Wacom Intuos Art Stable Battery Life - 5 hours Weight - 362 g Multi-touch - No Connections - USB and Bluetooth CHECK PRICE → Huion OSU Tablet Cheapest Battery Life - 4 hours Weight - 167 g Multi-touch - No Connections - USB CHECK PRICE → XP-Pen StarG640 Our Choice Battery Life - 7 hours Weight - 589 g Multi-touch - No Connections - USB CHECK PRICE → Features to Choose Tablet for Osu Active Area The best tablets for OSU are not necessarily the ones that artists and designers praise the most. For instance, a larger surface area is preferable for such work but not for the game because it makes your hand travel a longer distance. For the fastest results, limit your selection in the dimensions of the gadgets to small ones. Resolution This parameter defines how accurately your movements will be captured and transferred to the game. For some jobs, high precision is crucial but not for the game where the few pixels of error are allowed for and bear no negative impact. Besides, even the lower-class tablets are good enough for this aim. The problems arise when your cursor starts jerking away considerably. But with tablets, such an issue is eliminated fully. At any rate, whether you get a professional tablet or the most affordable one, your results will noticeably improve over what you could do with a mouse. Pen Type What really matters here is the type of pen. For successful gameplay, you really want to get the stylus that is battery-free. If you don’t, you will experience some issues as the battery drains. You might even lose a great result when the pen suddenly discharges in the middle of the game. FAQ Can I play OSU with the touchpad? Sure, but this is the least convenient way. Can I use a mouse for playing OSU? A mouse is a common controller used possibly by the majority of players. But for the higher league, you will need a tablet. What is the best OSU tablet area? In this respect, the smaller the device, the faster you can reposition your hand and score additional points.

The Land Management Process is a transparent annual process to solicit public input on the possible lease or sale of City owned land. A summary of the process is provided. The Ordinance The Land Management Process was first adopted in 2001. It was in response to citizen requests that wanted a more transparent process when the City was considering the sale or lease of city-owned land. It also provided an early opportunity for surrounding property owners to provide valuable input in the process. What is the process to add parcels to the List? Any parcel approved by the City Council for potential sale or lease is added to the "List". Every August, the City advertises in the local paper to solicit proposals for possible addition to the Land Management List. The proposals can be submitted by businesses, developers, or citizens. The City Council considers the requests each October, and determines which merit further consideration. These are sent to the Planning Commission for their input and recommendation. Prior to this hearing, property owners within 300 feet are notified. Following the hearing and public input, the Planning Commission submits its recommendation to the City Council. The City Council typically holds a public hearing prior to February 15 to consider the Planning Commission recommendation. The City Council makes a determination whether to add the proposal to the List. Adding a parcel to the List does not guarantee that the site will ever be developed. This is only the first step in the process, providing the public the first opportunity to give input on development of City-owned land. The public will have additional opportunities to provide input depending on potential changes in zoning, Master Plan or if the parcel is to be considered for sale, voter approval. Process Application Requirements FAQ 2022 LMP Application Maps Process Land Management Process Step What happens Notice of Application Period The City Clerk publishes a notice in the newspaper to announce that the City will accept applications for parcels to be added to the List. Application period begins September 1st. Deadline is generally the last Thursday of September Acceptance of Applications City accepts new requests for parcels to be included on the List each September Initial Review City Council performs an initial review of the submissions. Those it desires to consider are forwarded to the Planning Commission for additional review. This review typically takes place in October Planning Commission Review The Planning Commission holds a public hearing for each of the proposed parcels. Property owners within 300 feet of the subject parcel(s) are sent a hearing notice with the date and time of the hearing so that they may offer their comments. The Planning Commission at the conclusion of the hearing provides their recommendations for City Council consideration. This hearing typically takes place in November. Final Review The City Council holds a public hearing, receives the recommendations by the Planning Commission, and determines whether or not to include the proposed parcel on the List with a specified use. This review typically takes place in December - January, but no later than February 15 of the following year. Implementation Parcels added to the List are automatically brought back to the City Council every three years for re-evaluation. If no activity has occurred with the parcel since it was added to the List, the City Council may remove it from the List. Application Requirements Application Requirements A statement describing the organization of the person submitting the proposal and identifying any principals or officers of the organization A statement describing the financial condition and sources of financing of the person or organization submitting the proposal A summary of the experience of the person submitting the proposal in developing and managing similar projects The proposed plan for development or specific use planned for the property A statement that the person submitting the proposal understands that they are responsible for all appraisal and administrative costs associated with the sale or lease of the property Application forms can be found here FAQ FAQs Does the Land Management Process negate Section 140 of the City Charter? (requires a vote of the people to sell land)

Drying is a mass transfer process consisting of the removal of water or another solvent[1] by evaporation from a solid, semi-solid or liquid. This process is often used as a final production step before selling or packaging products. To be considered "dried", the final product must be solid, in the form of a continuous sheet (e.g., paper), long pieces (e.g., wood), particles (e.g., cereal grains or corn flakes) or powder (e.g., sand, salt, washing powder, milk powder). A source of heat and an agent to remove the vapor produced by the process are often involved. In bioproducts like food, grains, and pharmaceuticals like vaccines, the solvent to be removed is almost invariably water. Desiccation may be synonymous with drying or considered an extreme form of drying. In the most common case, a gas stream, e.g., air, applies the heat by convection and carries away the vapor as humidity. Other possibilities are vacuum drying, where heat is supplied by conduction or radiation (or microwaves), while the vapor thus produced is removed by the vacuum system. Another indirect technique is drum drying (used, for instance, for manufacturing potato flakes), where a heated surface is used to provide the energy, and aspirators draw the vapor outside the room. In contrast, the mechanical extraction of the solvent, e.g., water, by centrifugation, is not considered "drying" but rather "draining". Drying mechanism In some products having a relatively high initial moisture content, an initial linear reduction of the average product moisture content as a function of time may be observed for a limited time, often known as a "constant drying rate period". Usually, in this period, it is surface moisture outside individual particles that is being removed. The drying rate during this period is mostly dependent on the rate of heat transfer to the material being dried. Therefore, the maximum achievable drying rate is considered to be heat-transfer limited. If drying is continued, the slope of the curve, the drying rate, becomes less steep (falling rate period) and eventually tends to nearly horizontal at very long times. The product moisture content is then constant at the "equilibrium moisture content", where it is, in practice, in equilibrium with the dehydrating medium. In the falling-rate period, water migration from the product interior to the surface is mostly by molecular diffusion, i,e. the water flux is proportional to the moisture content gradient. This means that water moves from zones with higher moisture content to zones with lower values, a phenomenon explained by the second law of thermodynamics. If water removal is considerable, the products usually undergo shrinkage and deformation, except in a well-designed freeze-drying process. The drying rate in the falling-rate period is controlled by the rate of removal of moisture or solvent from the interior of the solid being dried and is referred to as being "mass-transfer limited". This is widely noticed in hygroscopic products such as fruits and vegetables, where drying occurs in the falling rate period with the constant drying rate period said to be negligible.[2] Methods of drying In a typical phase diagram, the boundary between gas and liquid runs from the triple point to the critical point. Regular drying is the green arrow, while supercritical drying is the red arrow and freeze drying is the blue. The following are some general methods of drying: Application of hot air (convective or direct drying). Air heating increases the driving force for heat transfer and accelerates drying. It also reduces air relative humidity, further increasing the driving force for drying. In the falling rate period, as moisture content falls, the solids heat up and the higher temperatures speed up diffusion of water from the interior of the solid to the surface. However, product quality considerations limit the applicable rise to air temperature. Excessively hot air can almost completely dehydrate the solid surface, so that its pores shrink and almost close, leading to crust formation or "case hardening", which is usually undesirable. For instance in wood (timber) drying, air is heated (which speeds up drying) though some steam is also added to it (which hinders drying rate to a certain extent) in order to avoid excessive surface dehydration and product deformation owing to high moisture gradients across timber thickness. Spray drying belongs in this category. Indirect or contact drying (heating through a hot wall), as drum drying, vacuum drying. Again, higher wall temperatures will speed up drying but this is limited by product degradation or case-hardening. Drum drying belongs in this category. Dielectric drying (radiofrequency or microwaves being absorbed inside the material) is the focus of intense research nowadays. It may be used to assist air drying or vacuum drying. Researchers have found that microwave finish drying speeds up the otherwise very low drying rate at the end of the classical drying methods. Freeze drying or lyophilization is a drying method where the solvent is frozen prior to drying and is then sublimed, i.e., passed to the gas phase directly from the solid phase, below the melting point of the solvent. It is increasingly applied to dry foods, beyond its already classical pharmaceutical or medical applications. It keeps biological properties of proteins, and retains vitamins and bioactive compounds. Pressure can be reduced by a high vacuum pump (though freeze drying at atmospheric pressure is possible in dry air). If using a vacuum pump, the vapor produced by sublimation is removed from the system by converting it into ice in a condenser, operating at very low temperatures, outside the freeze drying chamber. Supercritical drying (superheated steam drying) involves steam drying of products containing water. This process is feasible because water in the product is boiled off, and joined with the drying medium, increasing its flow. It is usually employed in closed circuit and allows a proportion of latent heat to be recovered by recompression, a feature which is not possible with conventional air drying, for instance. The process has potential for use in foods if carried out at reduced pressure, to lower the boiling point. Natural air drying takes place when materials are dried with unheated forced air, taking advantage of its natural drying potential. The process is slow and weather-dependent, so a wise strategy "fan off-fan on" must be devised considering the following conditions: Air temperature, relative humidity and moisture content and temperature of the material being dried. Grains are increasingly dried with this technique, and the total time (including fan off and on periods) may last from one week to various months, if a winter rest can be tolerated in cold areas. Applications of drying Drying of fish in Lofoten in the production of stockfish Food Main article: Drying (food) Foods are dried to inhibit microbial development and quality decay. However, the extent of drying depends on product end-use. Cereals and oilseeds are dried after harvest to the moisture content that allows microbial stability during storage. Vegetables are blanched before drying to avoid rapid darkening, and drying is not only carried out to inhibit microbial growth, but also to avoid browning during storage. Concerning dried fruits, the reduction of moisture acts in combination with its acid and sugar contents to provide protection against microbial growth. Products such as milk powder must be dried to very low moisture contents in order to ensure flowability and avoid caking. This moisture is lower than that required to ensure inhibition to microbial development. Other products as crackers are dried beyond the microbial growth threshold to confer a crispy texture, which is liked by consumers. Non-food products Among non-food products, those that require considerable drying are wood (as part of Timber processing), paper, flax, and washing powder. The first two, owing to their organic origins, may develop mold if insufficiently dried. Another benefit of drying is a reduction in volume and weight. Sludges and fecal materials from sanitation processes In the area of sanitation, drying of sewage sludge from sewage treatment plants, fecal sludge or feces collected in urine-diverting dry toilets (UDDT) is a common method to achieve pathogen kill, as pathogens can only tolerate a certain dryness level. In addition, drying is required as a process step if the excreta based materials are meant to be incinerated. See also Dehydration reaction Bibliography Greensmith, M. (1998). Practical Dehydration. Woodhead Publishing, Ltd. Genskow, L.R.; Beimesch,W.E.; Hecht, J.P.; Kemp,I.C.; Langrish,T.; Schwartzbach, C.; Smith, (F).L. (2007). Chemical Engineers' Handbook. Mc Graw Hill Professional. pp. Chapter 12 (Evaporative Cooling and Solids Drying). CS1 maint: Uses authors parameter (link) A.S., Mujumdar (1998). Handbook of Industrial Drying. Boca Ratón: CRC Press. References ↑ "drying - definition of drying by the Free Online Dictionary, Thesaurus and Encyclopedia". Farlex. Retrieved 23 April 2011. ↑ "Modeling the thin-layer drying of fruits and vegetables: A review". Wiley-Blackwell. 2016-02-04. Retrieved 2016-02-08. External links Machinery for drying solid materials Separation processes Processes Absorption Acid-base extraction Adsorption Chromatography Cross-flow filtration Crystallization Cyclonic separation Dialysis (biochemistry) Dissolved air flotation Distillation Drying Electrochromatography Electrofiltration Filtration Flocculation Froth flotation Gravity separation Leaching Liquid–liquid extraction Electroextraction Microfiltration Osmosis Precipitation (chemistry) Recrystallization Reverse osmosis Sedimentation Solid phase extraction Sublimation Ultrafiltration Devices API oil-water separator Belt filter Centrifuge Depth filter Electrostatic precipitator Evaporator Filter press Fractionating column Leachate Mixer-settler Protein skimmer Rotary vacuum-drum filter Scrubber Spinning cone Still Sublimation apparatus Vacuum ceramic filter Multiphase systems Aqueous two-phase system Azeotrope Eutectic Concepts Unit operation This article is issued from Wikipedia - version of the 12/4/2016. The text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution/Share Alike but additional terms may apply for the media files.

Design Keras neural network architecture for regression; Keras neural network code for regression ; Keras Neural Network Design for Regression. Here are the key aspects of designing neural network for prediction continuous numerical value as part of regression problem. The neural network will consist of dense layers or fully connected layers. Fully connected layers are those in which each of the nodes of one layer is connected to every other nodes in the next layer Keras is a deep learning library that wraps the efficient numerical libraries Theano and TensorFlow. In this post you will discover how to develop and evaluate neural network models using Keras for a regression problem. After completing this step-by-step tutorial, you will know: How to load a CSV dataset and make it available to Keras There are three steps involved: Create Neural Network, Train it and Test it. Let us import TensorFlow libraries and check the version. import tensorflow as tf import numpy as np print(tf.__version__) It should print something like this: '1.10.0' Now, let us create a neural network using Keras API of TensorFlow Regression Tutorial with the Keras Deep Learning Library In this tutorial, you will learn how to perform regression using Keras and Deep Learning. You will learn how to train a Keras neural network for regression and continuous value prediction, specifically in the context of house price prediction. Today's post kicks off a 3-part series on deep learning, regression, and continuous value prediction Keras is a simple-to-use but powerful deep learning library for Python. In this post, we'll see how easy it is to build a feedforward neural network and train it to solve a real problem with Keras. This post is intended for complete beginners to Keras but does assume a basic background knowledge of neural networks.My introduction to Neural Networks covers everything you need to know (and. TL;DR: Predict House Pricing using Boston dataset with Neural Networks and adopting SHAP values to explain our model. Full notebook can be found here. In this post, we will be covering some basics of data exploration and buildi n g a model with Keras in order to help us on predicting the selling price of a given house in the Boston (MA) area. As an application of this model in the real world, you can think about being a real state agent looking for a tool to help you on your day. Generalized regression neural network is a variation to radial basis neural networks. GRNN was suggested by D.F. Specht in 1991. GRNN can be used for regression, prediction, and classification. GRNN can also be a good solution for online dynamical systems. GRNN represents an improved technique in the neural networks based on the nonparametric regression. The idea is that every training sample will represent a mean to a radial basis neuron Regression with Neural Networks using TensorFlow Keras API Convolutional neural network (CNN) for regression In this Jupyter Notebook, we will first download the digit-MNIST dataset from Keras. This dataset comes with a label for each digit and has been widely used for classification problem. In many engineering problems however, we may need to do more than classification Active Oldest Votes. 2. I found the library neupy which solved my problem: from neupy import algorithms from neupy.algorithms.rbfn.utils import pdf_between_data grnn = algorithms.GRNN (std=0.003) grnn.train (X, y) # In this part of the code you can do any moifications you want ratios = pdf_between_data (grnn.input_train, X, grnn.std) predicted =. Keras is an API used for running high-level neural networks — the API is now included as the default one under TensorFlow 2.0, which was developed by Google. The main competitor to Keras at this point in time is PyTorch, developed by Facebook. While PyTorch has a somewhat higher level of community support, it is a particularly verbose language and I personally prefer Keras for greater simplicity and ease of use in building and deploying models ibatches in a loop, whilst testing on the training data: [0.1, 0.045] [0.1, 0.045] [0.1, 0.045]...... So, whilst the first dimension is correct (0.1), the second dimension is not correct A dense layer is a layer in neural network that's fully connected. In other words, all the neurons in one layer are connected to all other neurons in the next layer. In the first layer, we need to provide the input shape, which is 1 in our case. The activation function we have chosen is ReLU, which stands for rectified linear unit. ReLU is defined mathematically as F(x) = max(0,x). In other. Keras - Regression Prediction using MPL. In this chapter, let us write a simple MPL based ANN to do regression prediction. Till now, we have only done the classification based prediction. Now, we will try to predict the next possible value by analyzing the previous (continuous) values and its influencing factors We will build a regression model using deep learning in Keras. To begin with, we will define the model. The first line of code below calls for the Sequential constructor. Note that we would be using the Sequential model because our network consists of a linear stack of layers. The second line of code represents the first layer which specifies the activation function and the number of input. A neural network is just a large linear or logistic regression problem Logistic regression is closely related to linear regression. The only difference is logistic regression outputs a discrete outcome and linear regression outputs a real number. In fact, if we have a linear model y = wx + b and let t = y then the logistic function is This example demonstrates how to build basic probabilistic Bayesian neural networks to account for these two types of uncertainty. We use TensorFlow Probability library, which is compatible with Keras API. This example requires TensorFlow 2.3 or higher. You can install Tensorflow Probability using the following command Regression Example with Keras LSTM Networks in R The LSTM (Long Short-Term Memory) network is a type of Recurrent Neural Networks (RNN). The RNN model processes sequential data. It learns the input data by iterating the sequence of elements and acquires the state information regarding the observed part of the elements In this post, you discovered how to create your first neural network model using the powerful Keras Python library for deep learning. Specifically, you learned the six key steps in using Keras to create a neural network or deep learning model, step-by-step including: How to load data. How to define a neural network in Keras Also you've got familiar with neural network regression examples. Good job! In order to run neural network for regression, you will have to utilize one of the frameworks we mentioned above. There are various other. But, these 3 are my personal favorite. I've rarely seen a regression equation perfectly fitting all of the expected datasets. SuperDataScience Team. June 12, 2020. 4919. Share. Also, unless otherwise specified, the linout argument to nnet::nnet() will be set to TRUE when a regression model is created. If parameters need to be modified, update() can be used in lieu of recreating the object from scratch. The model can be created using the fit() function using the following engines: R: nnet (the default) keras: keras training deep feedforward neural networks. International Conference on Artificial Intelligence and Statistics. 2010. He, Kaiming, et al. Delving deep into rectifiers: Surpassing human-level. performance on imagenet classification. arXiv preprint arXiv:1502.01852 (2015). Kingma, Diederik, and Jimmy Ba. Adam: A method for stochastic. optimization. arXiv preprint arXiv:1412.6980. Regression with Keras - PyImageSearc In this tutorial, you will learn how to train a Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) for regression prediction with Keras. You'll then train a CNN to predict house prices from a set of images. Today is part two in our three-part series on regression prediction with Keras: Part 1: Basic regression with Keras — predicting house prices from categorical and numerical data. Part 2: Regression. Regression neural networks predict a numeric value. This video shows how to create Keras regression neural networks. Evaluation methods for regression, such.. Use of Neural Network in Regression problem written in Keras API. - GKarmakar/RegressionUsingN g regression with keras neural networks. Producing a lift chart. This video is part of a course that is taught in a hybrid format at Washington Uni.. Linear regression. Before building a DNN model, start with a linear regression. One Variable. Start with a single-variable linear regression, to predict MPG from Horsepower. Training a model with tf.keras typically starts by defining the model architecture. In this case use a keras.Sequential model. This model represents a sequence of steps. In. Convolutional Neural Network in Keras is popular for image processing, image recognition, etc. It is very influential in the field of computer vision. Due to its popularity in computer vision, it is gaining hype in recent years. CNN comprises more than one convolutional layer Generally, all layers in Keras need to know the shape of their inputs in order to be able to create their weights. So when you create a layer like this, initially, it has no weights: layer = layers. Dense (3) layer. weights # Empty [] It creates its weights the first time it is called on an input, since the shape of the weights depends on the shape of the inputs: # Call layer on a test input x. Neural Network Keras Regression Python notebook using data from Graduate Admission 2 · 5,798 views · 2y ago · gpu, neural networks, regression. 3. Copied Notebook. This notebook is an exact copy of another notebook. Do you want to view the original author's notebook? Votes on non-original work can unfairly impact user rankings. Learn more about Kaggle's community guidelines. Upvote anyway. Compile Neural Network. Because we are training a regression, we should use an appropriate loss function and evaluation metric, in our case the mean square error: MSE = 1 n ∑ i = 1 n ( y i ^ − y i) 2. where n is the number of observations, y i is the true value of the target we are trying to predict, y, for observation i, and y i ^ is the. Artificial Neural Network with Python using Keras library. May 10, 2021. June 1, 2020 by Dibyendu Deb. Artificial Neural Network (ANN) as its name suggests it mimics the neural network of our brain hence it is artificial. The human brain has a highly complicated network of nerve cells to carry the sensation to its designated section of the brain Below, I'll show you how I built a mixed-data neural network in Keras by building what is (essentially) a neural network of neural networks. Preparing the data for a mixed-data neural network. A mixed-data neural network is built by creating a separate neural network for each data type that you have. You then treat these as input branches, and combine their outputs into a final glorious. We develop a no-reference image quality assessment (QA) algorithm that deploys a general regression neural network (GRNN). The new algorithm is trained on and successfully assesses image quality, relative to human subjectivity, across a range of distortion types. The features deployed for QA include the mean value of phase congruency image, the entropy of phase congruency image, the entropy of. In this work, a generalized regression neural network (GRNN) model is used to predict the corrosion potential values and corrosion current densities of ASTM A572-50 steel specimens embedded in nine soils with different physiochemical properties, i.e., pH, moisture content, resistivity, chloride content, sulfate and sulfite contents, and mean total organic carbon concentration Keras for Beginners: Building Your First Neural Network Generalized Regression Neural Network (GRNN) and Radial Basis Function (RBF) have been used for heart disease to prescribe the medicine. Diagnosing the heart disease and prescribing the medicine on the basis of symptoms is a very challenging task to improve the ability of the physicians. The training capacity and medicines provided by these two techniques are compared with the original. Making neural networks shrug their shoulders. Our model is a neural network with two DenseVariational hidden layers, each having 20 units, and one DenseVariational output layer with one unit. Instead of modeling a full probability distribution p (y ∣ x, w) p(y \lvert \mathbf{x},\mathbf{w}) p (y ∣ x, w) as output the network simply outputs the mean of the corresponding Gaussian distribution LearnerRegrTabNet: Keras TabNet Neural Network for Regression; make_embedding: Create the embedding for a dataset. make_generator_from_dataframe: Make a DataGenerator from a data.frame or data.table; make_generator_from_task: Make a DataGenerator from a mlr3::Task; make_generator_from_xy: Make a DataGenerator from a x,y matrices; make_train_valid_generators: Create train / validation data. Building a Basic Keras Neural Network Sequential Model. The approach basically coincides with Chollet's Keras 4 step workflow, which he outlines in his book Deep Learning with Python, using the MNIST dataset, and the model built is a Sequential network of Dense layers. A building block for additional posts. of data science for kids We continue to build ensembles. This time, the bagging ensemble created earlier will be supplemented with a trainable combiner — a deep neural network. One neural network combines the 7 best ensemble outputs after pruning. The second one takes all 500 outputs of the ensemble as input, prunes and combines them. The neural networks will be built using the keras/TensorFlow package for Python Hands-On Keras for Machine Learning Engineers. Welcome to Hands-On Keras for Machine Learning Engineers. This course is your guide to deep learning in Python with Keras. You will discover the Keras Python library for deep learning and how to use it to develop and evaluate deep learning models. Enroll Now The answer should be clear that you should rather use a linear regression instead of a neural network. The given example just wants to demonstrate that even without knowing the relationship between our predictors and criterion (this is sometimes called domain knowledge) the neural network will still be able to approximate the function without the need for additional domain knowledge. Share. Neural Regression Using Keras Demo Run The number of output nodes, one, and the output activation function, sigmoid, are always used for binary regression problems. The neural network model is compiled like so: simple_sgd = K.optimizers.SGD(lr=0.01) model.compile(loss='binary_crossentropy', optimizer=simple_sgd, metrics=['accuracy']) The model is configured with the stochastic gradient. Training our convolutional neural network in Keras. Now that we have the data prepared and the structure created we just need to train our model. This might take a while if you train on CPU so, if you can I would recommend training it on GPU either on your computer or on Colab. epochs=3 history = model.fit_generator( generador_train, epochs=epochs, validation_data=generador_test, validation. 2 General Regression Neural Network (GRNN) GRNN, as proposed by Donald F. Specht in [Specht 91] falls into the category of probabilistic neural networks as discussed in Chapter one. This neural network like other probabilistic neural networks needs only a fraction of the training samples a backpropagation neural network would need [Specht 91]. The data available from measurements of an. TL;DR Learn how to use Tensors, build a Linear Regression model and a simple Neural Network. TensorFlow 2.0 (final) was released at the end of September. Oh boy, it looks much cooler than the 1.x series. Why is it so much better for you, the developer? One high-level API for building models (that you know and love) - Keras. The good news is. Deep learning using Keras - The Basics. 1. Deep Learning Frameworks. Deep Learning is a branch of AI which uses Neural Networks for Machine Learning. In the recent years, it has shown dramatic improvements over traditional machine learning methods with applications in Computer Vision, Natural Language Processing, Robotics among many others The neural network in the above figure is a 3-layered network. This is because the input layer is generally not counted as part of network layers. Each neuron in the input layer represents an attribute (column) in the input data (i.e., x1, x2, x3 etc.). What is happening in the above network is that input data is fed to set of neurons, and each produces an output. Again, each of these outputs. Convolutional Neural Networks become most important when it comes to Deep Learning to classify images. The Python library Keras is the best to deal with CNN. It makes it very easy to build a CNN. Being the fact that, the computer recognizes the image as pixels. Groups of pixels help to identify a small part of an image. Convolutional Neural Network uses the same concept. It uses the concept of. keras-io / examples / keras_recipes / bayesian_neural_networks.py / Jump to Code definitions get_train_and_test_splits Function run_experiment Function create_model_inputs Function create_baseline_model Function prior Function posterior Function create_bnn_model Function compute_predictions Function create_probablistic_bnn_model Function negative_loglikelihood Functio Keras 101: A simple (and interpretable) Neural Network read. There is some confusion about how LSTM models differ from MLPs, both in input requirements and in. This article demonstrates how to implement and train a Bayesian neural network with Keras following the approach described in Weight Uncertainty in Neural Networks (Bayes by Backprop). The implementation is kept simple for illustration purposes and uses Keras 2.2.4 and Tensorflow 1.12.0. For more advanced implementations of Bayesian methods for neural networks consider using Tensorflow. Probabilistic Bayesian Neural Networks. Author: Khalid Salama Date created : 2021/01/15 Last modified: 2021/01/15 Description: Building probabilistic Bayesian neural network models with TensorFlow Probability. [ ] Introduction. Taking a probabilistic approach to deep learning allows to account for uncertainty, so that models can assign less levels of confidence to incorrect predictions. ute introduction to sequence-to-sequence models in Keras. Re Description Usage Arguments Details Engine Details See Also Examples. View source: R/mlp.R. Description. mlp(), for multilayer perceptron, is a way to generate a specification of a model before fitting and allows the model to be created using different packages in R or via keras The main arguments for the model are: hidden_units: The number of units in the hidden layer (default: 5) Regression with keras neural networks model in R. Regression data can be easily fitted with a Keras Deep Learning API. In this post, we learn how to fit and predict regression data through the neural networks model with Keras in R. We'll create sample regression dataset, build the model, train it, and predict the input data. This tutorials covers: Generating sample dataset Building the model. e. Part 1 — Logistic Regression using Scikit Learn; Part 2 — Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) using Keras Framework; Part 3 — Transfer Learning using Inception v3 Model; All the code will be. In this study, we apply the General Regression Neural Network (GRNN) to predict the monthly exchange rates of three currencies, British pound, Canadian dollar, and Japanese yen. Our empirical experiment shows that the performance of GRNN is better than other neural network and econometric techniques included in this study. The results demonstrate the predictive strength of GRNN and its. Video: General regression neural network - Wikipedi GitHub - rsyamil/cnn-regression: A simple guide to a Check out this lean, fat-free 7 step plan for going from Keras newbie to master of its basics as quickly as is possible. of data science for kids. or 50% off hardcopy. By Matthew Mayo, KDnuggets. There is no shortage of neural network frameworks, libraries, and APIs available to anyone interested in getting started with deep learning Before going deeper into Keras and how you can use it to get started with deep learning in Python, you should probably know a thing or two about neural networks. As you briefly read in the previous section, neural networks found their inspiration and biology, where the term neural network can also be used for neurons. The human brain is then an example of such a neural network, which is. Machine Learning Resources. Discover how you can become a machine learning engineer with free and paid online resources. Machine Learning Resources. Machine Learning Theory. Deep Learning Theory. Forward and Backpropagation Theory and Code. General Machine Learning with Python and Scikit-learn. Convolutional Neural Networks with TensorFlow/Keras In this tutorial, we will introduce how to tune neural network hyperparameters using grid search method in keras. 1. Import libraries. import numpy as np from keras import models from keras import layers from keras.wrappers.scikit_learn import KerasClassifier from sklearn.model_selection import GridSearchCV from sklearn.datasets import make_classification # Set random seed np.random.seed(0 How can I use generalized regression neural network in Neural networks can produce more than one outputs at once. For example, if we want to predict age, gender, race of a person in an image, we could either train 3 separate models to predict each of those or train a single model that can produce all 3 predictions at once. In this short experiment, we'll develop and train a deep CNN in Keras that can produce multiple outputs Create Neural network models in Python and R using Keras and Tensorflow libraries and analyze their results. Confidently practice, discuss and understand Deep Learning concepts. How this course will help you? A Verifiable Certificate of Completion is presented to all students who undertake this Neural networks course Interface to Keras <https://keras.io>, a high-level neural networks API. Keras was developed with a focus on enabling fast experimentation, supports both convolution based networks and recurrent networks (as well as combinations of the two), and runs seamlessly on both CPU and GPU devices I also think this is an important step on the long road towards general intelligence. properly explaining how and why a convolutional neural net work would make this post twice as long. If you want to understand convnets work, I suggest checking out cs231n and then colah. For any non-dl people who are reading this, the best summary I can give of a CNN is this: An image is a 3D array of. Graph Neural Networks in TensorFlow and Keras with Spektral. In this paper we present Spektral, an open-source Python library for building graph neural networks with TensorFlow and the Keras application programming interface. Spektral implements a large set of methods for deep learning on graphs, including message-passing and pooling operators. There are hundreds of tutorials online available on how to use Keras for deep learning. But at least to my impression, 99% of them just use the MNIST dataset and some form of a small custom convolutional neural network or ResNet for classification. Personally, I dislike the general idea of always using the easiest dataset for machine learning. Explain many predictions ¶. Here we repeat the above explanation process for 50 individuals. Since we are using a sampling based approximation each explanation can take a couple seconds depending on your machine setup. [6]: shap_values50 = explainer.shap_values(X.iloc[280:330,:], nsamples=500) 100%| | 50/50 [00:53<00:00, 1.08s/it Introduction to Deep Learning & Neural Networks with Keras. 4.7. stars . 869 ratings. Alex Aklson Enroll for Free. Starts Jun 16 Regression Models with Keras 6m. Classification Models with Keras 5m. 1 practice exercise. Keras and Deep Learning Libraries 30m. Week. 4. Week 4. 2 hours to complete . Deep Learning Models. In this module, you will learn about the difference between the shallow. Regression-based neural networks: Predicting Average Daily Convolutional neural networks (CNNs, or ConvNets) are essential tools for deep learning, and are especially suited for analyzing image data. For example, you can use CNNs to classify images. To predict continuous data, such as angles and distances, you can include a regression layer at the end of the network In this post we will learn a step by step approach to build a neural network using keras library for Regression. Prerequisites: Understanding Neural network. Activation functions. Gradient descent. Evaluating the performance of a machine learning model. Linear Regression. For Regression, we will use housing datase The real estate market is a market where the sales and purchase between sellers and buyers refer to the exchange of real estate of any kind, such as housing tensorflow - Multi-dimensional regression with Keras Keras is a simple-to-use but powerful deep learning library for Python. In this post, we'll build a simple Recurrent Neural Network (RNN) and train it to solve a real problem with Keras.. This post is intended for complete beginners to Keras but does assume a basic background knowledge of RNNs.My introduction to Recurrent Neural Networks covers everything you need to know (and more) for this. The Best Introductory Guide to Keras Lesson - 16. 30 Frequently asked Deep Learning Interview Questions and Answers Lesson - 17. Recurrent Neural Network (RNN) Tutorial for Beginners . Lesson 14 of 17By . Avijeet BiswalLast updated on Jun 2, 2021 109753. Previous Next. Tutorial Playlist. Deep Learning Tutorial for Beginners: A Step-by-Step Guide Overview. What is Deep Learning and How Does It. A Neural Network Model for House Prices. link. code. The purpose of this notebook is to build a model (Deep Neural Network) with Keras over Tensorflow. We will see the differents steps to do that. This notebook is split in several parts: I. Importation & Devices Available. II Example code: Multilayer Perceptron for regression with TensorFlow 2.0 and Keras. If you want to get started immediately, you can use this example code for a Multilayer Perceptron.It was created with TensorFlow 2.0 and Keras, and runs on the Chennai Water Management Dataset.The dataset can be downloaded here.If you want to understand the code and the concepts behind it in more detail, make. The general regression neural network (GRNN) is a single-pass neural network which uses a Gaussian activation function in the hidden layer . GRNN consists of input, hidden, summation, and division layers. The regression of the random variable y on the observed values X of random variable x can be found using. E y X = ∫ − ∞ ∞ yf X y dy ∫ − ∞ ∞ f X y dy E5. where f X y is a known. Our general advice is to learn more than one neural network API. Once you have the core deep learning concepts down from the In this course, we will learn how to use Keras, a neural network API written in Python and integrated with TensorFlow. ���� VIDEO SECTIONS ���� 00:00 Welcome to DEEPLIZARD - Go to deeplizard.com for learning resources 00:25 Course Overview 00:45 Course. Linear Regression using Keras and Python by Dhiraj K Non Linear Regression Example with Keras and Tensorflow Backend. January 5, 2017May 15, 2018 Shankar Ananth Asokan github, keras, machine learning, matplotlib, neural networks, non linear, numpy, python, regression, scipy, tensorflow. New! - Google Colab version of this code is available in this link. No need to install any software to run code General regression neural network-fruit fly optimization analysis. Firstly, CE and CF concentration levels, elicitor adding day and CSC harvesting day were considered as input variables, and dry weight (DW), intracellular (µg g −1 DW), intracellular (µg l −1), extracellular and total yield of paclitaxel, and also extracellular paclitaxel portion as output variables The General Regression Neural Network (GRNN) as it was proposed by Specht in [Specht 91] proved not to perform as well as desired. Some effort was needed to improve the performance of this Neural Network. A new empirical method was developed to select the only parameter in the Neural Network. Some more general guidelines for any prediction method were outlined. Every method of modeling has. Since each (fully connected) layer in a neural network functions much like a simple linear regression, these are used in Neural Networks. The most common use is to regularize each layer individually. keras implementation. Early stopping. This technique attempts to stop an estimator's training phase prematurely, at the point where it has learned. This recipe helps you add regularization to regression in keras. GET NOW. 0. Recipe Objective. Adding regularization in keras . Regularization generally reduces the overfitting of a model, it helps the model to generalize. It penalizes the model for having more weightage. There are two types of regularization parameters:- * L1 (Lasso) * L2 (Ridge) We will consider L1 for our example. Step-1. Graph Neural Networks in TensorFlow and Keras with Spektral Daniele Grattarola1 Cesare Alippi1 2 Abstract In this paper we present Spektral, an open-source Python library for building graph neural net-works with TensorFlow and the Keras appli-cation programming interface. Spektral imple-ments a large set of methods for deep learning on graphs, including message-passing and pool-ing operators. Graph Neural Networks in TensorFlow and Keras with Spektral. danielegrattarola/spektral • • 22 Jun 2020. In this paper we present Spektral, an open-source Python library for building graph neural networks with TensorFlow and the Keras application programming interface Keras is a high-level python API which can be used to quickly build and train neural networks using either Tensorflow or Theano as back-end. This tutorial assumes that you are slightly familiar convolutional neural networks. You can follow the first part of convolutional neural network tutorial to learn more about them While Keras has many general functions for ML and deep learning, TF's is more advanced, particularly in high-level operations like threading and queues and debugging. Increased control. You don't always need a lot of control, but some neural networks may require it so you have better understanding and insight, particularly when working with operations like weights or gradients. Many users. Keras is a minimalist but modular neural networks library written in Python. Keras is capable of running on top of either the TensorFlow or Theano frameworks. Here we are interested in using Theano as it excels at RNNs in general and LSTM in particular. Note that some frameworks such as Caffe do not support RNNs. Keras was developed with a. Title: A general regression neural network - Neural Networks, IEEE Transactions on Author: IEEE Created Date: 2/23/1998 3:56:09 P Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) have become very popular for solving problems related to image recognition, image reconstruction, and various other computer vision problems. Libraries such TensorFlow* and Keras* make the programmer's job easier. But, these libraries do not directly provide support for complex networks and uncommonly used layers. This guide will help you to write complex. A step-by-step complete beginner's guide to building your first Neural Network in a couple lines of code like a Deep Learning pro! W riting your first Neural Network can be done with merely a couple lines of code! In this post, we will be exploring how to use a package called Keras to build our first neural network to predict if house prices are above or below median value In this paper, a general regression neural network (GRNN) is used for predicting the capacity of driven piles in cohesionless soils. Predictions of the tip, shaft, and total pile capacities are made for piles with available corresponding measurements of such values. This is done using four different procedures as well as the GRNN. Comparisons of capacity component predictions (i.e., tip and. Neural Networks A Simple Problem (Linear Regression) • We have training data X = { x1k}, i=1,.., N with corresponding output Y = { yk}, i=1,.., N • We want to find the parameters that predict the output Y from the data X in a linear fashion: Y ≈wo + w1 x1 x1 y. 2 A Simple Problem (Linear Regression) • We have training data X = { x1k}, k=1,.., N with corresponding output Y = { yk}, k=1. Artificial neural networks (ANNs) or connectionist systems are computing systems vaguely inspired by the biological neural networks that constitute animal brains. Such systems learn to perform tasks by considering examples, generally without being programmed with any task-specific rules.For example, in image recognition, they might learn to identify images that contain cats by analyzing. Two approaches to fit Bayesian neural networks (BNN) · The variational inference (VI) approximation for BNNs · The Monte Carlo dropout approximation for BNNs · TensorFlow Probability (TFP) variational layers to build VI-based BNNs · Using Keras to implement Monte Carlo dropout in BNN

Problem Definition is the first step to take when building a Machine Learning (ML) model. It is a concise description of the problem to be solved. It is important to define and know the problem you are trying to solve as this reduces the amount of time used to tackle the problem. It also gives a hint on how to solve the problem and the tools to use. There are 4 major types of Machine Learning depending on the type of problem. These are: 1. Supervised Learning. Supervised Learning is a type of Machine Learning that has labels in the data. This type of learning is always organized and easier to read and view. The main types of Supervised Learning are: Classification: This is a method of Supervised Learning that defines the class to which data elements belong and is best used when finite and discrete values are available for the output. It also forecasts a class for an input variable. An example is the prediction of cancer in a patient. Regression: This is a type of Supervised Learning that predicts a continuous outcome variable (y) based on the value of one or multiple predictor variables (x). For example, the prediction of house prices in a state. 2. Unsupervised Learning. This is the opposite of Supervised Learning. This kind of learning is neither organized nor labeled i.e. it makes use of unstructured data. Examples of the kind of data used are images, audio files, and videos. A popular type of Unsupervised Learning is Clustering. Clustering is simply a list of data based on their similarity and dissimilarity. From the name, it means grouping data in clusters to get the best fit. One example of this is clustering users for movie recommendations. 3. Transfer Learning. Transfer learning is the transfer of knowledge from one ML model to another. It is a type of learning that focuses on the preservation of information acquired while solving one issue and applying it to a separate but related issue. An example is using the same knowledge used to recognize cars to recognize trucks. 4. Reinforcement Learning. Reinforcement Learning is the preparation of machine learning models to make a series of decisions. The ultimate goal is to maximize the total reward of the system. This type of learning uses trial and error to come up with solutions. The system offers punishments for the action it performs in order to get what is needed from it. Depending on what is to be achieved, the various learning is usually used for different purposes. It is best to understand the problem before selecting what model to employ.

Vector space model is well known in information retrieval where each document is represented as a vector. The vector components represent weights or importance of each word in the document. The similarity between two documents is computed using the cosine similarity measure. Although the idea of using vector representation for words also has been around for some time, the interest in word embedding, techniques that map words to vectors, has been soaring recently. One driver for this has been Tomáš Mikolov’s Word2vec algorithm which uses a large amount of text to create high-dimensional (50 to 300 dimensional) representations of words capturing relationships between words unaided by external annotations. Such representation seems to capture many linguistic regularities. For example, it yields a vector approximating the representation for vec(‘Rome’) as a result of the vector operation vec(‘Paris’) – vec(‘France’) + vec(‘Italy’). Word2vec uses a single hidden layer, fully connected neural network as shown below. The neurons in the hidden layer are all linear neurons. The input layer is set to have as many neurons as there are words in the vocabulary for training. The hidden layer size is set to the dimensionality of the resulting word vectors. The size of the output layer is same as the input layer. Thus, assuming that the vocabulary for learning word vectors consists of V words and N to be the dimension of word vectors, the input to hidden layer connections can be represented by matrix WI of size VxN with each row representing a vocabulary word. In same way, the connections from hidden layer to output layer can be described by matrix WO of size NxV. In this case, each column of WO matrix represents a word from the given vocabulary. The input to the network is encoded using “1-out of -V” representation meaning that only one input line is set to one and rest of the input lines are set to zero. To get a better handle on how Word2vec works, consider the training corpus having the following sentences: “the dog saw a cat”, “the dog chased the cat”, “the cat climbed a tree” The corpus vocabulary has eight words. Once ordered alphabetically, each word can be referenced by its index. For this example, our neural network will have eight input neurons and eight output neurons. Let us assume that we decide to use three neurons in the hidden layer. This means that WI and WO will be 8×3 and 3×8 matrices, respectively. Before training begins, these matrices are initialized to small random values as is usual in neural network training. Just for the illustration sake, let us assume WI and WO to be initialized to the following values: WI = W0 = Suppose we want the network to learn relationship between the words “cat” and “climbed”. That is, the network should show a high probability for “climbed” when “cat” is inputted to the network. In word embedding terminology, the word “cat” is referred as the context word and the word “climbed” is referred as the target word. In this case, the input vector X will be [0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0]t. Notice that only the second component of the vector is 1. This is because the input word is “cat” which is holding number two position in sorted list of corpus words. Given that the target word is “climbed”, the target vector will look like [0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 ]t. With the input vector representing “cat”, the output at the hidden layer neurons can be computed as Ht = XtWI = [-0.490796 -0.229903 0.065460] It should not surprise us that the vector H of hidden neuron outputs mimics the weights of the second row of WI matrix because of 1-out-of-V representation. So the function of the input to hidden layer connections is basically to copy the input word vector to hidden layer. Carrying out similar manipulations for hidden to output layer, the activation vector for output layer neurons can be written as HtWO = [0.100934 -0.309331 -0.122361 -0.151399 0.143463 -0.051262 -0.079686 0.112928] Since the goal is produce probabilities for words in the output layer, Pr(wordk|wordcontext) for k = 1, V, to reflect their next word relationship with the context word at input, we need the sum of neuron outputs in the output layer to add to one. Word2vec achieves this by converting activation values of output layer neurons to probabilities using the softmax function. Thus, the output of the k-th neuron is computed by the following expression where activation(n) represents the activation value of the n-th output layer neuron: Thus, the probabilities for eight words in the corpus are: 0.143073 0.094925 0.114441 0.111166 0.149289 0.122874 0.119431 0.144800 The probability in bold is for the chosen target word “climbed”. Given the target vector [0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 ]t, the error vector for the output layer is easily computed by subtracting the probability vector from the target vector. Once the error is known, the weights in the matrices WO and WI can be updated using backpropagation. Thus, the training can proceed by presenting different context-target words pair from the corpus. In essence, this is how Word2vec learns relationships between words and in the process develops vector representations for words in the corpus. Continuous Bag of Words (CBOW) Learning The above description and architecture is meant for learning relationships between pair of words. In the continuous bag of words model, context is represented by multiple words for a given target words. For example, we could use “cat” and “tree” as context words for “climbed” as the target word. This calls for a modification to the neural network architecture. The modification, shown below, consists of replicating the input to hidden layer connections C times, the number of context words, and adding a divide by C operation in the hidden layer neurons. [An alert reader pointed that the figure below might lead some readers to think that CBOW learning uses several input matrices. It is not so. It is the same matrix, WI, that is receiving multiple input vectors representing different context words] With the above configuration to specify C context words, each word being coded using 1-out-of-V representation means that the hidden layer output is the average of word vectors corresponding to context words at input. The output layer remains the same and the training is done in the manner discussed above. Skip-Gram Model Skip-gram model reverses the use of target and context words. In this case, the target word is fed at the input, the hidden layer remains the same, and the output layer of the neural network is replicated multiple times to accommodate the chosen number of context words. Taking the example of “cat” and “tree” as context words and “climbed” as the target word, the input vector in the skim-gram model would be [0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 ]t, while the two output layers would have [0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0] t and [0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 ]t as target vectors respectively. In place of producing one vector of probabilities, two such vectors would be produced for the current example. The error vector for each output layer is produced in the manner as discussed above. However, the error vectors from all output layers are summed up to adjust the weights via backpropagation. This ensures that weight matrix WO for each output layer remains identical all through training. In above, I have tried to present a simplistic view of Word2vec. In practice, there are many other details that are important to achieve training in a reasonable amount of time. At this point, one may ask the following questions: 1. Are there other methods for generating vector representations of words? The answer is yes and I will be describing another method in my next post. 2. What are some of the uses/advantages of words as vectors. Again, I plan to answer it soon in my coming posts. Share this: Facebook Email LinkedIn Pocket Twitter Reddit Pinterest WhatsApp Like this: Like Loading... Related Tagged context words Continuous Bag of Words (CBOW) neural language modelling NLP skip-gram model softmax target words vector space Word Embedding word vectors Word2vec Published by Krishan I am a professional with many years of experience in computer vision, data mining, machine learning, neural networks, and pattern recognition. I provide consulting and training services through my company, Integrated Knowledge Solutions. View all posts by Krishan Published April 13, 2015 July 3, 2017 Post navigation Previous Post Word Similarity, Google Distance, and Baseball and Cricket Next Post How to Use Words Co-Occurrence Statistics to Map Words to Vectors 36 thoughts on “Words as Vectors” Panuwat Assawinjaipetch says: March 9, 2016 at 4:08 pm Hi, first of all, I would like to apologize you for disturbing on this. I am very new to machine learning and NLP field and I found that your example here are very useful for my practice as I can keep tracking my computation to see if I go correctly or not for a computing step. If possible, and not troubling you much, could you explain further about how can we calculate the backpropagation of Softmax function after we get an error? Again, I’m sorry for troubling you and would be very grateful if you could help me understand this til the end. Thank you. (So my code that following your calculation was stop at Error = Y – probability which is equal to [-0.14307333, -0.0949255, -0.11444132, 0.8888341, -0.14928925, -0.12287422, -0.11943087, -0.14479961]) LikeLike Reply Krishan says: March 13, 2016 at 12:48 am Backpropagation algorithm is pretty well known and it is a part of most packages for machine learning. Please check any book on machine learning to see details of backpropagation. Let me know if you still have a difficulty. Thanks for visiting my blog. LikeLike Reply Pingback: Words as Vectors – Weimin.Wang azy says: May 26, 2016 at 1:04 pm I want to try to implement word2vec to Vietnamase language, but I’m confused about the pre-trained vectors, when I tried to use in the English language I use Google News-vectors-negative300.bin.gz (about 3.4GB) for pre-trained vectors and it works good. if i do with vietnam language should I make the data pre-trained vectors themselves ?? how to make a pre-trained vectors such as Google News-vectors-negative300.bin.gz, then I try to convert Google News-vectors-negative300.bin to text format the result as: 3000000 300 0.001129 -0.000896 0.000319 0.001534 0.001106 -0.001404 -0.000031 -0.000420 -0.000576 0.001076 -0.001022 -0.000618 -0.000755 0.001404 -0.001640 -0.000633 0.001633 -0.001007 -0.001266 0.000652 -0.000416 -0.001076 0.001526 -0.000275 0.000140 0.001572 0.001358 -0.000832 -0.001404 0.001579 0.000254 -0.000732 -0.000105 -0.001167 0.001579 how to change a letter or word into the form above ?? LikeLike Reply Krishan says: May 31, 2016 at 2:43 am You will need to create your own trained vector using an appropriate Vietnamese corpus. Take a look at the following post that might be useful: http://textminingonline.com/training-word2vec-model-on-english-wikipedia-by-gensim. LikeLike Reply Karla Rocio Vargas Godoy says: September 26, 2016 at 11:24 pm Thanks for this great explanation. I’ve been really looking for something like that, i’m not ANN expert but this post made me understand at least!! 🙂 LikeLike Reply Krishan says: September 26, 2016 at 11:39 pm I am glad it was helpful. LikeLike Reply Mohammad Sulaiman Khan says: October 1, 2016 at 1:42 pm Hello. I have used CBOW(n-gram) model with scikit-learn package for classify Bangla Lanuage data. But i need implementation of skip gram on my thesis project which scikit-learn don’t have. After searching google and different blog i come to know that Word2Vec has implementation of skip gram. That’s where i am confused . Do word2vec use skip gram model or CBOW model? if use skip gram can you provide me any resource ??? it will be a great help for me. Thanks in advance LikeLike Reply Krishan says: October 1, 2016 at 3:57 pm I suggest you look at Tensorflow at the following link where both CBOW and skipgram models are used. https://www.tensorflow.org/versions/r0.11/tutorials/word2vec/index.html LikeLike Reply Jeremy says: October 8, 2016 at 6:34 pm Hi, may I know how did u calculate to get these values please? I understand this part: Ht = XtWI = [-0.490796 -0.229903 0.065460] HtWO = [0.100934 -0.309331 -0.122361 -0.151399 0.143463 -0.051262 -0.079686 0.112928] but from here how do i derived to here: ” Thus, the probabilities for eight words in the corpus are: 0.143073 0.094925 0.114441 0.111166 0.149289 0.122874 0.119431 0.144800 ” Please help me. Thanks LikeLike Reply Krishan says: October 10, 2016 at 12:26 am The prob. are calculated by taking the ratio of the output of every output node with the sum of all output nodes outputs. This is shown in the post just above the probability values via the use of softmax function. LikeLike Reply jhon says: November 18, 2016 at 9:24 am I tried to calculate the result softmax and got a different result. where is the mistake? 0.100934 + -0.309331 + -0.122361 + -0.151399 + 0.143463 + -0.051262 + -0.079686 + 0.112928 = -0.356714 0.100934 / -0.356714 = -0.282954972 -0.309331 / -0.356714 = 0.867168095 -0.122361 / -0.356714 = 0.343022702 -0.151399 / -0.356714 = 0.424426852 0.143463 / -0.356714 = -0.402179337 -0.051262 / -0.356714 = 0.143706162 -0.079686 / -0.356714 = 0.223389046 0.112928 / -0.356714 = -0.316578548 Thanks.., LikeLike Reply Krishan says: November 19, 2016 at 12:32 am You are not performing exponentian. That is why you are getting different numbers as well positive and negative numbers. With exponentian as given in the formula in the post, all numbers will be positive and within 0-1. LikeLike Reply Pingback: Bollywood Lyrics via Recurrent Neural Networks | From Data to Decisions Pingback: Words as Vectors – Knowledge Discovery Alex says: March 21, 2017 at 11:19 am Hi Krishan, very nice explanation of word2vec procedure 🙂 but still I cannot understand what is the final word representation vector? is it the vector of probabilities over dictionary? if not, than how one can extract the final result? Thanks for answering 🙂 LikeLike Reply Krishan says: March 21, 2017 at 6:41 pm The final word representation vectors are read from WI matrix at the end of the training. Each row gives a word vector. Thus, the i-th row will provide vector representation for the i-th word in the dictionary. LikeLike Reply Ajay Jadhav says: July 19, 2017 at 1:26 pm But for this case you will get 3 values(probabilities) for each word. Do we need to add them ? If yes, then value in front of Climbed word should be high. is it ? LikeLike Krishan says: July 22, 2017 at 2:04 am Each output layer neuron gives one number. Softmax function converts these numbers to probabilities, one for each word. LikeLike liam says: March 28, 2017 at 5:54 pm Hi Krishan, Very intuitive explanation. Thanks. I have watched Stanford DP for NLP (http://web.stanford.edu/class/cs224n/syllabus.html) course, which explain the word2vec by modeling the probability of observing a word knowing the context $$p(o|c) = \exp(u_o^Tv_c)/(\sum_{w=1}^Wexp(u_w^Tv_c)$$ Here it stresses we should use 2 vectors to represent a word. I don’t know why we need to use this model until I see your post. The 2 vectors are actually hidden units and weight vectors from hidden unit to output layer. Best, LikeLike Reply Krishan says: March 28, 2017 at 9:04 pm Thanks. LikeLike Reply George says: May 25, 2017 at 11:13 am Very nice post! “That is, the network should show a high probability for “climbed” when “cat” is inputted to the network. ” this should be from the corpus, in another words, from training data. So it should be used to calculate the error? however i didnt see you use this to calculate the error. the whole procedure above should be the same if we dunt have the corpus but just a vocabulary with the eight words? thx and look fwd ur reply. LikeLike Reply Krishan says: May 25, 2017 at 5:23 pm It is being used to calculate error. Pl. take a look at “The probability in bold is for the chosen target word “climbed”. Given the target vector [0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 ]t, the error vector for the output layer is easily computed by subtracting the probability vector from the target vector. Once the error is known, the weights in the matrices WO and WI can be updated using backpropagation.” Only thing is that I haven’t detailed this part of the process. LikeLike Reply sivashankari says: June 6, 2017 at 1:04 pm Dear Sir, I am Sivashankari. I am able to understand theory concepts. But I am unable to do the evaluation of my understanding level with any concrete example. Is there any solved example with the dataset( 10 sentences). LikeLike Reply Krishan says: June 7, 2017 at 3:52 pm I am not aware of any small example. LikeLike Reply femalecsresearcher says: June 22, 2017 at 2:29 am Good article. I’d like to point out one thing about the figure in CBOW section which has possibility to mislead readers. You indicated many WI matric in the figure per one context word. The figure seems to describe there are different WI matric to be trained for each input word. However, WI is the final target matrix (word embeddings) which we ultimately want to get. Strictly speaking it would be ONE WI matrix which is connected to many context word input vectors and many hidden layer neurons for better understanding. Please let me know if you have different opinions. Thanks LikeLike Reply Krishan says: June 23, 2017 at 5:27 pm Thanks for liking the article. All WI matrices are identical. There is no separate index to different matrices. Also, the article states “The modification, shown below, consists of replicating the input to hidden layer connections C times, the number of context words, and adding a divide by C operation in the hidden layer neurons.”, which implies identical WI matrices. LikeLike Reply femalecsresearcher says: June 26, 2017 at 2:46 am I am not talking about your knowledge or how correctly you understand the model. (Please Read the comment once again.) I am talking about the figure itself. As mentioned in the comment, the figure could mislead readers since you *implied identical WI matrices* in the article. I thought that this blog is for education/sharing purpose. If so, the article should provide knowledge as clear as possible for others. In terms of that, this article has a room for improvement. However, from your reply you are just saying that you know what I know. It’s your choice whether you improve the quality of article. Thanks. LikeLike Emanuel Huber (@HuberTesv) says: April 23, 2018 at 9:04 pm This is the best word2vec article that I have read! LikeLike Reply Krishan says: April 24, 2018 at 12:51 am Thanks. LikeLike Reply Martin says: February 5, 2019 at 5:55 pm Hallo Krishan, i did not understand how you get the the activation vector for output layer neurons HtWO = [0.100934 -0.309331 -0.122361 -0.151399 0.143463 -0.051262 -0.079686 0.112928] Can you please explain this step? Thanks LikeLike Reply Krishan says: February 5, 2019 at 9:37 pm Hidden layer output (H) is calculated earlier. The weight matrix W0 is known/defined earlier. So the output is simply a product between the transpose of the hidden layer output and W0. LikeLike Reply Ahmed Khan says: February 9, 2019 at 3:10 am Thank you, nice article. Please help how you get 8 words out of those 3 sentences. Did you take out the stop words. LikeLike Reply Krishan says: February 9, 2019 at 7:40 pm Just count the words ignoring duplications LikeLike Reply Ajay Sharma says: September 8, 2020 at 12:17 pm Keep up the great work, I read few blog posts on this site and I believe that your website is really interesting and has loads of good info. Lovely blog ..! I really enjoyed reading this article. keep it up!! What is Skip Gram Model? Why is it called Skip gram? How To Implement Skip Gram Models Best Data Science Course In Pune With Placement Best Artificial Intelligence & Big Data In Pune With Placement LikeLike Reply Krishan says: September 8, 2020 at 1:00 pm Thanks. LikeLike Reply Leave a Reply Cancel reply Enter your comment here... 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