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hypothesis: Barings was Britain's oldest merchant bank. premise: Over a course of days, the bank went from apparent strength to bankruptcy. Barings was Britain's oldest merchant bank. It had financed the Napoleonic wars, the Louisiana purchase, and the Erie Canal. Barings was the Queen's bank.

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hypothesis: Washington is pressing Iraq's leaders to end weeks of political deadlock and to form a new government as soon as possible, US officials say. premise: The White House pressure, reported by Iraqi officials in Baghdad and an American official in Washington, on Sunday, was a change in the administration's hands-off approach to Iraqi politics.

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hypothesis: In 1945, an atomic bomb was dropped on Hiroshima. premise: On August 6, 1945 the atomic bomb was dropped on the Japanese city of Hiroshima. The Enola Gay, piloted by Colonel Tibbetts, was chosen to make the mission. The mission was recorded as successful by Capt. William S. Parson at 9:20 A.M.

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hypothesis: Some people in the village of Joba received loans from Yunus. premise: To break the grinding cycle of debt and poverty, Yunus loaned $27 to Begum and more than 40 of her neighbours in the village of Joba. He allowed them to pay him back over the next year as their businesses started to produce stable profits.

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hypothesis: Victor Emmanuel III was king of Italy from 1900 to 1946. premise: Victor Emmanuel III yielded most of his powers to his son Umberto II in 1944, when Umberto was appointed as Lieutenant General of the Realm, and finally abdicated in 1946.

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hypothesis: Six Uighurs were captured to gain information about al-Qaeda. premise: The six-member delegation included lawyers from the Justice, State, and Homeland Security Departments, according to U.S. military sources, who spoke on condition of anonymity because only Justice was allowed to officially disclose the mission. They were to spend a minimum of one hour with each of the Uighur (WEE-gur) captives, who are part of China's Muslim minority and who risk religious persecution if returned to their homeland. Each was captured in Afghanistan in late 2001 and handed over to U.S. forces, who interrogated them to learn about al-Qaeda's paramilitary training camp structure.

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hypothesis: Mark Lotwis is a Democrat. premise: In a statement in The Washington Times, the executive director of 21st Century Democrats, Mark Lotwis, called the lawsuit "frivolous" and said: "we're going to defend our organization's integrity". Landmark Education spokeswoman Deborah Beroset said that the Landmark Forum "is in no way religious in nature and any claim to the contrary is simply absurd," and stated: "While we are not a party to this lawsuit and have no firsthand knowledge of it, we can only assume that we are being used as a legal and political football to further the plaintiff"s own financial interests." The New York lawsuit was filed April 14, and is still in early filing stages. A conference with the federal court judge in the case has been scheduled for June 17.

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hypothesis: Deaf people encounter problems in the social community. premise: People who are deaf or have hearing impairments, those who are blind or have vision impairments, and those with mobility impairments may face unique challenges in an emergency. Their ability to detect a fire or escape its effects may be hindered by their impairments. As a result, people with these impairments are at a greater risk of death or injury due to fire.

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hypothesis: Out of an old bulldozer, Heemeyer built a concrete box that no police bullet could penetrate. premise: Heemeyer cut portholes for his guns, then welded a tight enclosure around them so police bullets could not penetrate.

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hypothesis: Pope Benedict XVI is the new leader of the Roman Catholic Church. premise: A place of sorrow, after Pope John Paul II died, became a place of celebration, as Roman Catholic faithful gathered in downtown Chicago to mark the installation of new Pope Benedict XVI.

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hypothesis: Qin Shi Huang was the first China Emperor. premise: Qin Shi Huang, personal name Zheng, was king of the Chinese State of Qin from 247 BCE to 221 BCE, and then the first emperor of a unified China from 221 BCE to 210 BCE, ruling under the name First Emperor.

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hypothesis: James Hahn is a member of the Automobile Club of Southern California. premise: Los Angeles Mayor James Hahn, along with top members of the Automobile Club of Southern California, along with will announce the kickoff of a $9 billion plan to fund Los Angeles County's Top Ten Traffic Busters.

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hypothesis: Two submarines have collided. premise: A U.S. nuclear-powered submarine collided with a Japanese oil-tanker in the Straits of Hormuz late last night. Only minor damage to the tanker and no serious injuries were reported. The USS Newport News submarine collided with the stern of the Japanese oil-tanker, causing minor damage to the tanker. No personnel on either vessel were seriously injured, US Navy and Japanese government officials said. The straits of Hormuz connect the Persian Gulf to the Arabian Sea and is a major waterway for oil tankers.

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hypothesis: Lina Joy's parents are from Malaysia. premise: Lina Joy, 42, was born Azlina Jailani to Malay parents, and was raised as a Muslim. Malaysia's constitution guarantees freedom of religion, but by law, all ethnic Malays are Muslim. Joy converted to Christianity at age 26, and after some bureaucratic difficulties had her named legally changed in 1999. However, on her MyKad national ID, the National Registration Department retained her stated religion as Islam. In order to have her religion changed, the National Registration Department said Joy would have to obtain a certificate of apostasy from the Muslim Sharia Court.

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hypothesis: France carried out more than 200 nuclear tests during 30 years. premise: France is to compensate people who suffered health problems as a result of three decades of nuclear weapons tests, its government says. It was time to investigate health complaints reported by staff who took part in tests, Defence Minister Herve Morin said. Mr Morin told Le Figaro France should be "true to its conscience". France carried out more than 200 tests, firstly in Algeria and later in French Polynesia, between 1966 and 1996. Mr Morin said about 150,000 civil and military workers were "theoretically affected" by the tests. Mr Morin said an independent commission would examine claims on a case-by-case basis. He added that 10m euros ($13.6m; £9.3m) had already been earmarked to compensate victims.

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hypothesis: Lady Diana died in Paris. premise: Diana, Princess of Wales died on Sunday, 31 August 1997 following a car crash in Paris. There was widespread public mourning at the death of this popular figure, culminating with her funeral at Westminster Abbey on Saturday, 6 September 1997.

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hypothesis: Saudi Arabia produces more oil than any other country. premise: Saudi Arabia's production mix will shift to a higher proportion of lighter crudes. Unlike last year's Qatif and Abu Safah developments, nearly all of the proposed projects produce Arab Light or lighter crudes.

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hypothesis: Before the late 1980's some nations even gave land and tax credit to individuals and companies slashing, burning, and exploiting the forest. premise: The law once required settlers to clear 80% of their land in two years to win ownership.

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hypothesis: Alec Jeffreys is the inventor of genetic fingerprinting. premise: Professor Sir Alec Jeffreys, whose pioneering discoveries revolutionised police investigation techniques, told the Guardian newspaper innocent people were being "branded as criminals" because the database retained details of everyone arrested, regardless of whether they were later convicted. The Government now holds more than five million profiles, up 1.4 million in two years. Sir Alec also called for improved genetic testing procedures, warning that the current system could result in a miscarriage of justice, in an interview with the Guardian newspaper.

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hypothesis: The Peace Conference in South Africa has been canceled, giving support to the Dalai Lama. premise: JOHANNESBURG: Organizers of a peace conference that was to have been attended by five Nobel laureates in Johannesburg this week said Tuesday that they had canceled it after the South African government denied a visa to the Dalai Lama. Two of South Africa's Nobel Peace Prize laureates, the retired Anglican archbishop Desmond Tutu and former President F.W. de Klerk, condemned the government for giving in to pressure from China to block the Tibetan spiritual leader's entry into the country and said they would refuse to participate in the conference if he was not there. The executive director of the Norwegian Nobel Committee, Geir Lundestad, also said he would stay away.

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hypothesis: Anne Marie David won the Eurovision Song Contest. premise: Anne Marie David corresponded with Wikinews' Mike Halterman about her eventful career, her personal anecdotes regarding living abroad, her successes in past Eurovision contests and her grievances with the way the show is produced today. This is the second in a series of interviews with past Eurovision contestants, which will be published sporadically in the lead-up to mid-May's next contest in Moscow.

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hypothesis: Uzbekistan closes United States military base. premise: A senior Russian politician has hailed a decision by Uzbekistan to shut down a United States military base there, although Moscow officially denies that it is applying pressure on Central Asian states to expel American forces.

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hypothesis: ETA fights for the independence of Basque Country. premise: Spain will recruit 500 extra police to fight Basque separatists ETA and Islamist militants in the next four years, Interior Minister Alfredo Perez Rubalcaba said on Tuesday. Including the new recruits, the number of anti-terrorism officers will have increased by 1,800 since the Socialist government took office in 2004, days after Islamist militants killed 191 people by bombing Madrid trains, Rubalcaba told a parliamentary committee. ETA has killed more than 800 people in four decades in its fight for an independent Basque Country composed of part of northern Spain and southern France. Its last fatal attack came on May 14, authorities believe, when a car bomb wrecked a police barracks in the Spanish Basque Country, killing one officer. The government will also provide an additional 800 officers to combat organised crime and another 1,248 staff to tackle domestic violence, Rubalcaba said.

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hypothesis: Kevin Vincent buys store brand acetaminophen. premise: Kevin Vincent, 44, of Arlington, Va., said his wife buys store brand acetaminophen and he wanted to find out more about the problem.

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hypothesis: Batasuna denies it is the political wing of ETA. premise: Basque separatist party Batasuna is widely regarded as the political wing of the Basque paramilitary group, ETA - a linkage it denies.

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hypothesis: Reagan almost died on March 30, 1981, when would-be assassin John W. Hinckley Jr. shot him. premise: Reagan was seriously wounded by a bullet fired by John Hinckley Jr. in an attempted assassination on March 30, 1981.

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hypothesis: Humans existed 10,000 years ago. premise: By 45,000 years ago, humans had weathered the comings and goings of a number of ice ages, had spread themselves throughout most of Africa, Europe and Asia, and had reached a population of roughly a million.

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hypothesis: Arizona and 17 other states received a C in the field of mental-care health. premise: Arizona offers better mental-health care than most other states but still struggles to deliver services to people who are suffering, according to a national report card released Wednesday. The National Alliance on Mental Illness graded Arizona a C, marking a modest improvement over the D grade the state received three years ago, the last time the study was conducted. Arizona was one of 18 states to get a C. The national average was a D. Six states received a B; none received an A.

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hypothesis: James Marvin Forsgren killed Pamela Sue Rimer. premise: Yount, who was living in Coeur under the alias James Marvin Forsgren, was sentenced to life in prison for his conviction on first-degree murder and rape charges in the 1966 slaying of Pamela Sue Rimer, a student in his high school mathematics class in Luthersberg, Pa.

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hypothesis: The charges were denied by his family. premise: His family has steadfastly denied the charges.

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hypothesis: TMGO is the tallest building in Japan. premise: The tallest building in Tokyo and the second tallest building in Japan, the TMGO was conceived as a high-tech center from which Tokyo could be led into the promising twenty-first century.

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hypothesis: A Colombian plane crashed in a remote region of Venezuela. premise: A Colombian airliner has crashed in a remote area of Venezuela killing all 160 people on board.

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hypothesis: 100 or more people lost their lives in a ferry sinking. premise: The drive towards this new law was driven in part from a string of transport-related disasters in the late 1980s, such as the sinking of cross-Channel ferry the Herald of Free Enterprise in 1987, the oil platform Piper Alpha disaster in 1988, and the Marchioness Thames river boat collision in 1989. More than 400 people lost their lives in these three disasters, but no one individual or organisation was brought to account.

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hypothesis: Plants are grown in substances other than soil. premise: Epiphyte is the name applied to the class of plants which typically do not root in the soil but, rather, attach themselves to trees or other tall objects where they can obtain light and moisture.

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hypothesis: Vilupillai Prabhakaran is the elusive leader of the LTTE. premise: Black Tigers are selected for their discipline and their loyalty to Vilupillai Prabhakaran, 41, the elusive leader of the LTTE.

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hypothesis: The coral organisms are endangered by the acidification of oceans. premise: Israeli scientists predict the world's coral reefs could begin to collapse in as little as 30 years from now. Studies show the oceans are becoming increasingly acidic as they soak up manmade emissions of carbon dioxide. The Hebrew University of Jerusalem researchers say this will make it difficult for many coral organisms to produce skeletal and other hard parts. The team's work on corals in the Red Sea suggests a tipping point will be reached in between 30 and 70 years. Then the forces of erosion eating away at corals will outstrip the organisms' ability to make the reefs.

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hypothesis: A spokesman for Scotland Yard was freed yesterday. premise: A second man, aged 24, technically freed yesterday was bailed after being questioned over alleged forged identity documents, but has been further detained on immigration matters, a spokesman for Scotland Yard said.

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hypothesis: Queen Victoria was born in 1901 premise: Queen Victoria died in 1901, at Osborne House on the Isle of Wight.

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hypothesis: Yoko Ono is John Lennon's widow. premise: Yoko Ono unveiled a bronze statue of her late husband, John Lennon, to complete the official renaming of England's Liverpool Airport as Liverpool John Lennon Airport.

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hypothesis: European nations were considering releasing oil reserves to help the United States after Hurricane Katrina. premise: The President George Bush administration, on Friday, ordered the sale of 30 million barrels of crude oil from the government's emergency stockpile to halt runaway oil prices triggered by Hurricane Katrina.

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hypothesis: Suncreams designed for children protect at the level they advertise. premise: Suncreams designed for children could offer less protection than they claim on the bottle.

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hypothesis: The 18 year-old D. Guzner is a member of the Anonymous group which attacked Scientology website. premise: A teenager, belonging to the anti-scientology group Anonymous, has admitted that he launched a distributed denial of service (DDoS) attack on the official website of the Church of Scientology, scientology.org. Dmitriy Guzner, aged 18, will admit to the charges related to carrying out the DDoS attack. He now faces a maximum sentence of ten years imprisonment. In response to incidents such as these, Scientology have called Anonymous "cyber-terrorists." A DDoS attack occurs when multiple computers are used to attack a certain website with so much traffic that it is not accessible. The hackers attack the servers taking up all the available space, preventing the legitimate user from accessing.

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hypothesis: Valero Energy Corp. is the owner of Port Arthur refinery. premise: Valero Energy Corp., on Monday, said it found "extensive" additional damage at its 250,000-barrel-per-day Port Arthur refinery.

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hypothesis: Hazardous chemical materials have been discovered at Bear Creek. premise: The Health Department has been made aware that property located at Bear Creek is under investigation by the NC Division of Waste Management for the illegal discharge of hazardous chemical materials.

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hypothesis: Zhao was a member of the Communist Party. premise: Zhao was removed from his position as secretary general of the Communist Party of China and placed under house arrest in 1989 after denouncing the use of force against student protesters in Tiananmen Square.

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hypothesis: Mohandas received the Nobel Prize in 1989. premise: Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi never received the Nobel Peace Prize, though he was nominated for it five times between 1937 and 1948.

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hypothesis: The Normandy landings took place in June 1944. premise: Arromanches-les-Bains or simply Arromanches is a town in Normandy, France, located on the coast in the heart of the area where the Normandy landings took place on D-Day, on June 6, 1944.

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hypothesis: The Quick Service Food Alliance also includes McDonald's. premise: SCORES of fast food outlets have launched a legal challenge over payment and employment conditions for its workers, it emerged yesterday. The case is being taken by the newly formed Quick Service Food Alliance (QSFA), which also warned that current legislation would lead to job losses and businesses closures due to labour costs. The QSFA represents 170 businesses in the fast food sector including Subway, Supermacs and McDonald's. It said it was to take a High Court challenge to the rights of the Catering Joint Labour Committee (JLC) to set minimum wages and employment conditions for workers in the catering industry.

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hypothesis: Parliamentary elections create new government in France. premise: Chirac needed a new mandate for his government from the electorate, or a new left government was needed that could count on the support of the trade union bureaucracy and among the working class and so would encounter less resistance.

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hypothesis: A spelling reform was approved in all German speaking countries. premise: Both sides have a point. German spelling does need overhauling: over the decades, it has grown more unwieldy. But the reform, approved by German-speaking countries in 1996, does not make the rules much easier, and in some cases the new way is harder.

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hypothesis: Barings was Britain's oldest merchant bank. premise: The chain of events which led to the collapse of Barings, Britain's oldest merchant bank, is a demonstration of how not to manage a derivatives operation.

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hypothesis: The WTO headquarters are located in Geneva. premise: The headquarters of the WTO are in Geneva, but the disputes which come under its purview are settled in Paris, under ICC rules.

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hypothesis: The name of Helmut Kohl's political party is the Christian Democratic Union. premise: Kohl participated in the late stage of WWII as a teenage soldier. He joined the Christian-Democratic Union (CDU) in 1947.

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hypothesis: A case of rabies was confirmed. premise: The unconfirmed case in Dundee concerns a rabies-like virus known only in bats.

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hypothesis: Dick Cheney was the chief of the Justice Department. premise: Last week's release of long-secret Justice Department interrogation memorandums has given rise to starkly opposing narratives about what, if anything, was gained by the C.I.A.'s use of waterboarding, wall-slamming and other physical pressure to shock and intimidate Qaeda operatives. Senior Bush administration officials, led by Vice President Dick Cheney and cheered by many Congressional Republicans, are fighting a rear-guard action in defense of their record. Only by using the harshest methods, they insist, did the intelligence agency get the information it needed to round up Qaeda killers and save thousands of American lives.

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hypothesis: Robots serve as wax singers in the Rock Hall of Fame. premise: Picture a Janis Joplin robot sitting on a park bench talking about the Summer of Love, singing "Me and Bobby McGee" and introducing a David Bowie robot.

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hypothesis: Two British soldiers' imprisonment prompted UK troops to storm a police station. premise: Two British soldiers have been arrested in the southern Iraq city of Basra, sparking clashes outside a police station where they are being held.

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hypothesis: Gabriel Garcia Marquez is a Nobel prize winner. premise: Salma Hayek drew a crowd in Veracruz, Mexico, at the July 8 premiere of 'Nobody Writes to the Colonel', a movie based on a short novel by Nobel laureate Gabriel Garcia Marquez.

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hypothesis: John J. Famalaro is accused of having killed Denise A. Huber. premise: I guess you have to expect this in a growing community, said Mardelle Kean, who lives across the street from John Joseph Famalaro, charged in the death of Denise A. Huber, who was 23 when she disappeared in 1991.

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hypothesis: Angela Lansbury is an actress. premise: BEA Arthur seemed the very definition of a tough showbiz broad. Tall, astringent, imperious -- she looked like someone who didn't suffer fools and could cut them down with a withering look or a well-aimed barb, delivered in that famous contralto. And it was, for the most part, all an act, says her close friend of more than 40 years, Angela Lansbury. "Bea was absolutely the antithesis of the characters she portrayed," Lansbury says. "She was sensitive -- really, really sensitive -- and self-conscious. But she covered it up by becoming this deep-voiced comic.

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hypothesis: Islamabad is a city in Pakistan. premise: Officials in Pakistan say parliamentary elections will be delayed until next month. VOA correspondent Nancy-Amelia Collins in Islamabad reports the Pakistan Election Commission says the delay is due to the destruction of election offices and materials in violence that broke out last week after Benazir Bhutto's assassination. Chief election commissioner Qazi Mohammed Farooq says the elections originally scheduled for January 8 are being postponed and will be held next month. "The polling will now be held on 18th February, 2008 instead of 8th January 2008," he said.

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hypothesis: Lukoil earned $1 billion in 2004. premise: In June 2004, top Russian oil producer Lukoil signed a $1 billion 35-year production-sharing agreement to develop Uzbek natural gas deposits.

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hypothesis: The ASD includes diseases such as autism and Asperger's syndrome. premise: Dr Raynard Kington, of the US National Institutes of Health, which funded the research, said: "These findings establish that genetic factors play a strong role in autism spectrum disorder (ASD). "Detailed analysis of the genes and how they affect brain development is likely to yield better strategies for diagnosing and treating children with autism." People with ASD, which include autism and Asperger's syndrome, have problems with social interaction, poor communication skills and tend to engage in repetitive behaviours.

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hypothesis: A woman succeeds in climbing Everest solo. premise: Everest Grand Circle Expedition, Nepal and Tibet. First circumambulation of Everest; trekking, skiing, and mountaineering. First American winter ascent of Pumori (elev. 23,422'). Immortalized in the book Everest Grand Circle. Ned Gillette, Jan Reynolds, Jim Bridwell, Steve McKinney, Craig Calonica and Rick Barker.

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hypothesis: Greenhouse effect changes global climate. premise: The increased amounts of carbon dioxide (CO2) and other greenhouse gases (GHGs) are the primary causes of the human-induced component of global warming.

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hypothesis: Chernobyl disaster had repercussions outside ex-USSR. premise: A large proportion of young children in Ukraine suffer from various health problems that have probably gone undiagnosed until now, but which are being detected in connection with the Chernobyl disaster. This could well point to a weak health care system and harsh living conditions.

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hypothesis: Judith Miller is a member of CIA. premise: Earlier this year reporter Judith Miller was jailed for refusing to name the US-government source who identified a member of the US Central Intelligence Agency (CIA), Valerie Plame.

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hypothesis: Don Brash is the leader of the New Zealand National Party. premise: Don Brash leader of the New Zealand National Party said that the White Crusaders of the Racial Holy War are "a small, fascist underbelly, hell-bent on causing division and destroying New Zealand's egalitarian ethos."

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hypothesis: Andy Grove is chairman of Intel. premise: Ask Andy Grove, chairman of Intel, about his toughest business challenge, and a pensive look appears in his piercing blue eyes.

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hypothesis: Natasha Bedingfield is married to Matthew Robinson. premise: British singer-songwriter Natasha Bedingfield, who sang with her brother Daniel and sister Nikola as The DNA Algorithm, tied the knot with a California businessman in Malibu. According to reports the marriage, which took place Saturday in a 30-minute outdoor ceremony overlooking the Pacific Ocean, was attended by about 150 guests. The guests watched Bedingfield walk down the aisle in a Vera Wang dress beside the chateau at the Church Estates Vineyards. Bedingfield, who was born in New Zealand and grown up in England, found her partner, in America.

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hypothesis: Johann Wolfgang von Goethe was born in Germany. premise: Meanwhile, at a Pushkin-Goethe Festival held recently in Moscow to observe the poets' birthdays (this year is Goethe's 250th), Dmitri Prigov, a post-modernist poet and conceptual artist, took the first line from "Onegin" ("My uncle - high ideals inspire him") and set it to Buddhist and Muslim mantras and Russian Orthodox and Gregorian chants.

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hypothesis: Bush said that protests in Indonesia against his Mideast policy were a sign of democracy in the heavily Muslim nation. premise: Bush withheld judgment Monday on rival calls to beef up or scale down U.S. troops in Iraq, and said angry protests in Indonesia against his Mideast policy were a healthy sign of democracy in the heavily Muslim nation.

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hypothesis: Letizia Moratti is the mayor of Milan. premise: Johansson was also in Milan to attend the Dolce & Gabbana autumn/winter 09/10 catwalk show and appear as one of the red-carpet stars at last night's gala opening of Extreme Beauty, an exhibition celebrating 80 years of photography in American Vogue, supported by the mayor of Milan, Letizia Moratti, and the Dolce & Gabbana duo. We meet in the swish Bulgari Hotel. Johansson is self-assured and looking extremely grown-up in a tailored, brown silk dress and snakeskin stilettos. But the blonde bombshell is nowhere in sight. Her hair is as dark as the wood-panelled walls of the suite. Why did she dye it? .

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hypothesis: Dietary intake of potassium prevents osteoporosis. premise: One reason for increased osteoporosis in developed countries is the sodium-potassium imbalance.

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hypothesis: Many US soldiers developed Gulf War illness after the Gulf War. premise: The number of Gulf War veterans who suffer from Gulf War illness is difficult to grasp. Robinson and other advocates say they believe that many of the 330,000 Gulf War veterans who have sought medical treatment from the VA since the war, and 179,000 who are collecting some level of disability benefits, are suffering from one or more of the symptoms.

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hypothesis: Microsoft Corp. is a partner of Intel Corp. premise: Microsoft Corp. and Intel Corp., on Monday, threw their weight behind the next-generation, HD DVD format being promoted by Toshiba Corp., in a blow to Sony Corp.'s Blu-ray format.

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hypothesis: Anesthesia causes learning disabilities. premise: Wilder and his colleagues are cautious about their results also because the data do not make clear whether it was the anesthesia that contributed to the children's learning deficits, or whether it was an underlying condition that may have required surgery and precipitated the learning problems. Of the more than 5,000 babies studied, 593 needed at least one surgery and just over 100 infants needed more than two before age 3. There may be something unusual about this population of children that could have made them vulnerable to learning problems and required they undergo surgery and anesthesia.

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hypothesis: The moon was first touched by mankind in 1969. premise: Thirty years ago [1969], Neil Armstrong took humanity's first small step on the moon, declaring it "one giant leap for mankind" only to have the space program retreat to tinkering in low Earth orbit.

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hypothesis: A tropical storm has caused significant property damage. premise: Meteorological observations suggest Claudette remained a tropical storm as she affected parts of west Texas.

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hypothesis: More than 200,000 U.S. composers, songwriters, lyricists and music publishers are members of ASCAP. premise: ASCAP is a membership association of more than 200,000 U.S. composers, songwriters, lyricists and music publishers of every kind of music.

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hypothesis: The United Nations produces vehicles. premise: Mahbob Amiri, head of Afghanistan's quick-reaction force, said Monday's bomb in the capital detonated as a United Nations vehicle drove past.

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hypothesis: Diplomats agree on EU budget. premise: The BBC's Tim Franks says frustrated British diplomats insist there have been several achievements but there is no doubt that the continued delay in reaching agreement on a budget for the EU hangs over all discussions.

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hypothesis: The Morgans have lived near Yale University since the 1950s. premise: In the modest backyard of Rosemarie Morgan's 1890-era house, about a half-mile from Yale University, there is a small Buddha, azalea and forsythia, Japanese cherry and plum trees, and an Amish-made chicken coop with five residents — four who lay eggs and Gloria, who is barren but one heck of a watchdog. The fowl are technically illegal under New Haven's zoning code, which prohibited raising hens and other livestock when it was updated during the 1950s. But these days, many dozens of backyard hens are generally tolerated under the city's informal enforcement program — call it "don't cluck, don't tell" — that mostly looks the other way. With urban fowl increasingly common, Alderman Roland Lemar has introduced legislation that would allow residents to raise up to six hens.

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hypothesis: Plants are grown in water or in substances other than soil. premise: Some plants grow really well in a hydroponic environment, but others do not.

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hypothesis: Potter fans rushed to tills in order to purchase the book. premise: Witching hour passed and Potter fans poured into bookshops around the world on Saturday, snatching up copies of the latest instalment in the series that promises to be the fastest-selling book in history.

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hypothesis: Hoover is the president of Stanford University. premise: Hoover's director reports directly to Stanford's president.

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hypothesis: Judith Miller works for the New York Times. premise: New York Times reporter Judith Miller broke her media silence by writing a column the newspaper published on Sunday. Her lengthy story recounted two testimonies, September 30 and October 12, she gave to a U.S. federal grand jury seeking information on the source of the Valerie Plame leak. The column described the testimony as one that relied heavily on her reporting notes given to special prosecutor Patrick Fitzgerald between her first and second appearances.

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hypothesis: Hebron is located 20 miles south of Jerusalem. premise: But most Israelis, including those sympathetic to the settlers' efforts to reclaim all the territory that was part of the biblical Land of Israel, reacted with horror to the Hebron killings and the subsequent violence.

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hypothesis: Barrow Island is a part of Australia. premise: However, the Greens applauded the WA EPA's advice. Greens Senator Rachel Siewert said in a media release: "This is the second time the WA EPA has knocked back this proposal. The proponents should review their options to put the project on the mainland, which will ultimately be a win for the regional economy and a win for the unique environment of Barrow Island." "This is a proposal that should always have been located on the mainland. Proposing to build something on this scale inside Australia's most precious island nature reserve was deeply flawed from the beginning," said Senator Siewert. "The island has been dubbed 'Australia's Ark' for its unique cargo of endangered species, many of them now extinct or endangered on mainland Australia. He must take strong action to look after the island."

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hypothesis: Currently the share of natural gas in Israel's energy system amounts to no more than one percent. premise: Israel plans to increase the share of gas in its energy balance to 25 percent by 2025 from the current 1 percent.

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hypothesis: Maglev is commercially used. premise: The German technology was employed to build Shanghai's existing maglev line, the first in the world to be used commercially.

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hypothesis: Rainulf was the leader of the Normans. premise: From 1016 to 1030 the Normans were pure mercenaries, serving either Byzantines or Lombards, and then Sergius of Naples, by installing their leader Rainulf in the fortress of Aversa in 1030, gave them their first pied-à-terre and they began an organized conquest of the land.

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hypothesis: UV-B light is damaging the ozone layer. premise: Prolonged exposure to UV-B light can cause sunburn, and there are worries that damage to the ozone layer may lead to an increase in the incidence of skin cancer.

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hypothesis: The train literally floats above the track. premise: China has taken delivery of the first section of a futuristic high-speed train which levitates above the track.

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hypothesis: The EU partially refuses commission candidates. premise: In November 2005, the EU announced a partial suspension of the PCA with all subcommittees and the Cooperation Committee suspended indefinitely. An arms embargo has also put in place, whilst a year-long visa ban has been imposed upon 12 Uzbek officials believed to have played a part in the forcible suppression of the Andijan demonstrations.

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hypothesis: The Olsen twins star in "New York Minute." premise: Ashley Olsen has decided to remain with her twin sister, Mary-Kate, instead of going on a planned trip to Australia to promote the opening of the siblings' latest movie adventure "New York Minute," reports the AP.

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hypothesis: 52 people and four bombers were killed on July 7. premise: After his release, the clean-shaven Magdy el-Nashar told reporters outside his home that he had nothing to do with the July 7 transit attacks, which killed 52 people and the four bombers.

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hypothesis: Kanchenjunga is 8586 meters high. premise: The 10-men team is expected to arrive at the foot of the mountain in the end of April and began their journey to the 8,586-meter peak in early May.

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hypothesis: Maglev is commercially used. premise: The M-2000 uses a commercially manufactured NbTi superconductor, similar to that used in the M-2000 Maglev magnets.

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hypothesis: The UCLA/Hammer Museum is directed by Henry Hopkins. premise: He endeared himself to artists by helping them in lean years and following their careers, said Henry Hopkins, chairman of UCLA's art department, director of the UCLA/Armand Hammer Museum and Cultural Center and former director of the Weisman foundation.

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