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"(",
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"(",
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"(",
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"(",
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"-",
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",",
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",",
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"(",
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")",
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",",
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"-",
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"algorithms",
",",
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"transfer",
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"analytic",
"solutions",
".",
"This",
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"known",
"gravitational",
"constants",
"as",
"optimization",
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"for",
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"Complex",
"periodic",
"orbits",
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"with",
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"guesses",
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"ability",
"to",
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"optimal",
"transfers",
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"bad",
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"Impulsive",
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"-",
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"frame",
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"-",
"body",
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"(",
"CRTBP",
")",
".",
"The",
"results",
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"potential",
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"robustness",
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"In",
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",",
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"I",
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"activities",
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"Research",
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"next",
"two",
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".",
"Then",
"I",
"will",
"show",
"regional",
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"and",
"environmental",
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",",
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",",
"urban",
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",",
"yellow",
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",",
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",",
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"In",
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"loss",
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"/",
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"-",
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"140",
"-",
"220",
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")",
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"-",
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":",
"E",
"-",
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"-",
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"-",
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"(",
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"-",
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"10(sup",
"-5",
")",
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"flow",
".",
"In",
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",",
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"shock",
"waves",
"generated",
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"explosives",
"have",
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"reconstructed",
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"a",
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"tomography",
"method",
"combined",
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"Mars",
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"have",
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"ballistic",
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"entry",
".",
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"(",
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"-",
"40",
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"Phoenix",
")",
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"improvements",
".",
"MSL",
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"-",
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",",
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"-",
"12",
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"I",
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"-",
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")",
"(",
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",",
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",",
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",",
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")",
".",
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"notice",
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"in",
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"observing",
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".",
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"will",
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"make",
"a",
"pitch",
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"SONG",
"telescopes",
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"are",
"consistant",
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"real",
"-",
"time",
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"This",
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",",
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",",
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",",
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",",
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",",
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",",
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"-",
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",",
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",",
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",",
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"surface",
".",
"We",
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"(",
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".",
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";",
"2",
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"10",
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"is",
"composed",
"of",
"oxides",
"of",
"silicon",
",",
"aluminum",
",",
"magnesium",
",",
"and",
"related",
"compounds",
".",
"These",
"crust",
"components",
"may",
"be",
"as",
"much",
"a",
"product",
"of",
"the",
"Earth",
"'s",
"atmosphere",
"as",
"vegetation",
"and",
"animal",
"life",
".",
"Though",
"inanimate",
"and",
"long",
"considered",
"imperishable",
",",
"these",
"materials",
"are",
"stable",
"under",
"conditions",
"of",
"an",
"atmosphere",
"equivalent",
"to",
"34",
"ft",
"of",
"water",
"at",
"sea",
"level",
"and",
"persist",
"under",
"adverse",
"conditions",
"of",
"moisture",
"and",
"temperature",
"to",
"altitudes",
"of",
"roughly",
"29,000",
"ft",
"above",
"sea",
"level",
".",
"The",
"oxygen",
"content",
"averages",
"21",
"%",
")",
"and",
"the",
"oxygen",
"partial",
"pressure",
"would",
"be",
"roughly",
"1/5",
"atm",
"."
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[
"The",
"primary",
"focus",
"of",
"my",
"presentation",
"is",
"the",
"development",
"of",
"the",
"jet",
"noise",
"prediction",
"code",
"JeNo",
"with",
"most",
"examples",
"coming",
"from",
"the",
"experimental",
"work",
"that",
"drove",
"the",
"theoretical",
"development",
"and",
"validation",
".",
"JeNo",
"is",
"a",
"statistical",
"jet",
"noise",
"prediction",
"code",
",",
"based",
"upon",
"the",
"Lilley",
"acoustic",
"analogy",
".",
"Our",
"approach",
"uses",
"time",
"-",
"average",
"2",
"-",
"D",
"or",
"3",
"-",
"D",
"mean",
"and",
"turbulent",
"statistics",
"of",
"the",
"flow",
"as",
"input",
".",
"The",
"output",
"is",
"source",
"distributions",
"and",
"spectral",
"directivity",
"."
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[
"Orbit",
"maintenance",
"is",
"the",
"series",
"of",
"burns",
"performed",
"during",
"a",
"mission",
"to",
"ensure",
"the",
"orbit",
"satisfies",
"mission",
"constraints",
".",
"Low",
"-",
"altitude",
"missions",
"often",
"require",
"non",
"-",
"trivial",
"orbit",
"maintenance",
"(",
"Delta)V",
"due",
"to",
"sizable",
"orbital",
"perturbations",
"and",
"minimum",
"altitude",
"thresholds",
".",
"A",
"strategy",
"is",
"presented",
"for",
"minimizing",
"this",
"(",
"Delta)V",
"using",
"impulsive",
"burn",
"parameter",
"optimization",
".",
"An",
"initial",
"estimate",
"for",
"the",
"burn",
"parameters",
"is",
"generated",
"by",
"considering",
"a",
"feasible",
"solution",
"to",
"the",
"orbit",
"maintenance",
"problem",
".",
"An",
"example",
"demonstrates",
"the",
"dV",
"savings",
"from",
"the",
"feasible",
"solution",
"to",
"the",
"optimal",
"solution",
"."
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[
"We",
"have",
"observed",
"a",
"new",
"temperature",
"-",
"entropy",
"wave",
"that",
"propagates",
"opposite",
"to",
"the",
"direction",
"of",
"a",
"steady",
"heat",
"flux",
"Q",
"when",
"the",
"helium",
"column",
"is",
"heated",
"from",
"above",
".",
"This",
"propagating",
"mode",
"is",
"due",
"to",
"non",
"-",
"linear",
"thermo",
"-",
"conductance",
"of",
"the",
"helium",
"sample",
"in",
"the",
"self",
"-",
"organized",
"state",
".",
"Such",
"a",
"mode",
"had",
"been",
"predicted",
"to",
"exist",
"on",
"the",
"self",
"-",
"organized",
"heat",
"transport",
"state",
"for",
"Q",
"less",
"than",
"about",
"100",
"nW",
"/",
"sq",
"cm",
".",
"We",
"confirm",
"that",
"this",
"mode",
"exists",
"in",
"this",
"regime",
".",
"However",
",",
"we",
"also",
"observe",
"that",
"it",
"propagates",
"even",
"when",
"the",
"helium",
"is",
"pushed",
"away",
"from",
"the",
"self",
"-",
"organized",
"heat",
"transport",
"state",
"into",
"the",
"normal",
"state",
"."
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[
"NASA",
"Ames",
"Research",
"Center",
"has",
"been",
"studying",
"the",
"feasibility",
"of",
"vertical",
"lift",
"aerial",
"vehicles",
"to",
"support",
"planetary",
"science",
"and",
"exploration",
"missions",
".",
"Besides",
"Earth",
",",
"it",
"appears",
"that",
"there",
"are",
"three",
"planetary",
"bodies",
"within",
"our",
"solar",
"system",
"where",
"vertical",
"flight",
"might",
"not",
"only",
"be",
"theoretically",
"feasible",
",",
"but",
"would",
"also",
"have",
"unique",
"mission",
"capabilities",
"that",
"no",
"other",
"platform",
"(",
"ground",
"-",
"based",
",",
"aerial",
",",
"or",
"orbital",
")",
"could",
"provide",
".",
"Several",
"vertical",
"lift",
"vehicle",
"configurations",
"might",
"be",
"applicable",
"for",
"planetary",
"science",
"missions",
".",
"This",
"paper",
"presents",
"a",
"few",
"representative",
"conceptual",
"design",
"cases",
"and",
"the",
"design",
"challenges",
"inherent",
"in",
"their",
"development",
".",
"Finally",
",",
"more",
"detailed",
"comments",
"are",
"directed",
"to",
"the",
"issues",
"inherent",
"in",
"developing",
"a",
"NASA",
"Mars",
"Scout",
"mission",
"employing",
"the",
"use",
"of",
"a",
"Martian",
"autonomous",
"rotorcraft",
"."
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[
"Highly",
"loaded",
"composite",
"struts",
",",
"representative",
"of",
"structural",
"elements",
"of",
"a",
"proposed",
"truss",
"-",
"based",
"lunar",
"lander",
"descent",
"stage",
"concept",
",",
"were",
"selected",
"for",
"design",
",",
"development",
",",
"fabrication",
"and",
"testing",
"under",
"NASA",
"s",
"Advanced",
"Composites",
"Technology",
"program",
".",
"The",
"focus",
"of",
"this",
"paper",
"is",
"the",
"development",
"of",
"a",
"capability",
"for",
"experimental",
"evaluation",
"of",
"the",
"structural",
"performance",
"of",
"these",
"struts",
".",
"Strut",
"lengths",
"range",
"from",
"60",
"to",
"over",
"120",
"inches",
",",
"and",
"compressive",
"launch",
"and",
"ascent",
"loads",
"can",
"exceed",
"-100,000",
"lbs",
",",
"or",
"approximately",
"two",
"times",
"the",
"corresponding",
"tensile",
"loads",
".",
"Allowing",
"all",
"possible",
"compressive",
"structural",
"responses",
",",
"including",
"elastic",
"buckling",
",",
"were",
"primary",
"considerations",
"for",
"designing",
"the",
"test",
"hardware",
"."
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"A",
"crucial",
"step",
"in",
"planet",
"formation",
"is",
"the",
"growth",
"of",
"solid",
"bodies",
"in",
"the",
"sub",
"-",
"millimeter",
"to",
"meter",
"size",
"range",
":",
"too",
"large",
"to",
"condense",
"directly",
"from",
"the",
"gas",
"phase",
"and",
"too",
"small",
"to",
"interact",
"meaningfully",
"through",
"mutual",
"gravitation",
".",
"The",
"existence",
"of",
"planets",
"in",
"our",
"solar",
"system",
"demands",
"that",
"some",
"growth",
"process",
"once",
"operated",
"in",
"that",
"size",
"regime",
",",
"but",
"the",
"mechanism",
"has",
"not",
"been",
"positively",
"identified",
".",
"Whatever",
"it",
"was",
",",
"it",
"worked",
"despite",
"nebular",
"turbulence",
"that",
"was",
"probably",
"strong",
"enough",
"to",
"break",
"dust",
"structures",
"cohering",
"by",
"weak",
"surface",
"forces",
"and",
"to",
"disrupt",
"small",
"-",
"scale",
"gravitational",
"collapse",
"via",
"the",
"Goldreich",
"-",
"Ward",
"mechanism",
".",
"Recent",
"work",
"on",
"this",
"topic",
",",
"reviewed",
"in",
",",
"has",
"focussed",
"on",
"ice",
"and",
"frost",
"in",
"the",
"laboratory",
",",
"silicate",
"dust",
"in",
"drop",
"-",
"tower",
"and",
"orbital",
"microgravity",
"environments",
",",
"and",
"numerically",
"modelled",
"magnetic",
"particles",
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"\"",
"Theory",
"and",
"simulations",
"of",
"solar",
"system",
"plasmas",
"\"",
"aims",
"to",
"highlight",
"results",
"from",
"microscopic",
"to",
"global",
"scales",
",",
"achieved",
"by",
"theoretical",
"investigations",
"and",
"numerical",
"simulations",
"of",
"the",
"plasma",
"dynamics",
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"the",
"solar",
"system",
".",
"The",
"theoretical",
"approach",
"must",
"allow",
"evidencing",
"the",
"universality",
"of",
"the",
"phenomena",
"being",
"considered",
",",
"whatever",
"the",
"region",
"is",
"where",
"their",
"role",
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";",
"at",
"the",
"Sun",
",",
"in",
"the",
"solar",
"corona",
",",
"in",
"the",
"interplanetary",
"space",
"or",
"in",
"planetary",
"magnetospheres",
".",
"All",
"possible",
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"issues",
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"dynamics",
"are",
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",",
"especially",
"those",
"using",
"numerical",
"models",
"and",
"simulations",
",",
"since",
"these",
"tools",
"are",
"mandatory",
"whenever",
"analytical",
"treatments",
"fail",
",",
"in",
"particular",
"when",
"complex",
"nonlinear",
"phenomena",
"are",
"at",
"work",
".",
"Comparative",
"studies",
"for",
"ongoing",
"missions",
"like",
"Cassini",
",",
"Cluster",
",",
"Demeter",
",",
"Stereo",
",",
"Wind",
",",
"SDO",
",",
"Hinode",
",",
"as",
"well",
"as",
"those",
"preparing",
"future",
"missions",
"and",
"proposals",
",",
"like",
",",
"e.g.",
",",
"MMS",
"and",
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"Orbiter",
",",
"are",
"especially",
"encouraged",
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"-",
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