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let 's see if we can name this molecule using the -- sometimes called the r-s system , or the cahn-ingold-prelog system . and the first thing to do is just to see if there are any chiral centers in this molecule . if there are n't , then we do n't even have to use the r-s system . we can just use our standard nomenclat... | let 's see if we can name this molecule using the -- sometimes called the r-s system , or the cahn-ingold-prelog system . and the first thing to do is just to see if there are any chiral centers in this molecule . | what is a steriogenic centre ? |
let 's see if we can name this molecule using the -- sometimes called the r-s system , or the cahn-ingold-prelog system . and the first thing to do is just to see if there are any chiral centers in this molecule . if there are n't , then we do n't even have to use the r-s system . we can just use our standard nomenclat... | it has an atomic number 6 . hydrogen is 1 . you probably know that already . | is it possible to simply draw an arrow from 1 to 2 without redrawing it so 4 is at the back ? |
let 's see if we can name this molecule using the -- sometimes called the r-s system , or the cahn-ingold-prelog system . and the first thing to do is just to see if there are any chiral centers in this molecule . if there are n't , then we do n't even have to use the r-s system . we can just use our standard nomenclat... | it has an atomic number 6 . hydrogen is 1 . you probably know that already . | how do i know which way to turn the molecule/ which molecules move to make the hydrogen go in back ? |
let 's see if we can name this molecule using the -- sometimes called the r-s system , or the cahn-ingold-prelog system . and the first thing to do is just to see if there are any chiral centers in this molecule . if there are n't , then we do n't even have to use the r-s system . we can just use our standard nomenclat... | it has an atomic number 6 . hydrogen is 1 . you probably know that already . | i understand imagining looking at it as if i was behind the hydrogen , but what if the hydrogen was in the plane of the page ? |
let 's see if we can name this molecule using the -- sometimes called the r-s system , or the cahn-ingold-prelog system . and the first thing to do is just to see if there are any chiral centers in this molecule . if there are n't , then we do n't even have to use the r-s system . we can just use our standard nomenclat... | but the easiest way to get the number four group that 's actually a hydrogen in the number three position would be to rotate it . you could imagine , rotate it around the axis defined by the number one group . so the number one group is just going to stay where it is . | 0 when sal begins rotating the groups to get # 4 in the back , does it matter what axis i choose to rotate around ? |
let 's see if we can name this molecule using the -- sometimes called the r-s system , or the cahn-ingold-prelog system . and the first thing to do is just to see if there are any chiral centers in this molecule . if there are n't , then we do n't even have to use the r-s system . we can just use our standard nomenclat... | but to decide whether we branch off , it does n't matter whether we use this ch3 or this ch3 , they 're the same group . but to decide whether we use this part of the longest chain or we use that , we think about the rule that the core chain to use should have as many simple groups attached to it as possible , as oppos... | when determining the ranking of substituent chains after there is a tie on the first molecule of those chains , can you only use molecules attached to the first molecule in the chain , or can you use molecules farther down the chain ? |
let 's see if we can name this molecule using the -- sometimes called the r-s system , or the cahn-ingold-prelog system . and the first thing to do is just to see if there are any chiral centers in this molecule . if there are n't , then we do n't even have to use the r-s system . we can just use our standard nomenclat... | this carbon is attached to two methyls and a fluorine . this carbon is attached to two hydrogens and a bromine . this carbon is just a methyl group . | so like , if you had a bromine attached to the second carbon in a substituent chain versus an oxygen attached to the first carbon in a different substituent chain , which would be ranked higher ? |
let 's see if we can name this molecule using the -- sometimes called the r-s system , or the cahn-ingold-prelog system . and the first thing to do is just to see if there are any chiral centers in this molecule . if there are n't , then we do n't even have to use the r-s system . we can just use our standard nomenclat... | we 've named it using the r-s system . this molecule is ( s ) -- sinister -- 1-bromo-3-fluoro-2,3-di -- | if sal did not draw for us how 1-bromo-3-fluoro-2,3-dimethylbutane 's atoms are oriented in 3d space , and only gave us a bond-line structure for instance , how would we determine the 3d orientation of the functional groups of the chiral center ? |
let 's see if we can name this molecule using the -- sometimes called the r-s system , or the cahn-ingold-prelog system . and the first thing to do is just to see if there are any chiral centers in this molecule . if there are n't , then we do n't even have to use the r-s system . we can just use our standard nomenclat... | it has an atomic number 6 . hydrogen is 1 . you probably know that already . | why does the # 1 group stay in place and the rest of the groups rotate ? |
let 's see if we can name this molecule using the -- sometimes called the r-s system , or the cahn-ingold-prelog system . and the first thing to do is just to see if there are any chiral centers in this molecule . if there are n't , then we do n't even have to use the r-s system . we can just use our standard nomenclat... | it does look like a chiral carbon , and the other ones do n't . this is just a methyl group . it has three hydrogens , so definitely not attached to four different groups . | how do you rank them if the constituents are just methyl , ethyl , propyl , isopropyl , butyl , etc ? |
let 's see if we can name this molecule using the -- sometimes called the r-s system , or the cahn-ingold-prelog system . and the first thing to do is just to see if there are any chiral centers in this molecule . if there are n't , then we do n't even have to use the r-s system . we can just use our standard nomenclat... | this carbon is attached to two methyls and a fluorine . this carbon is attached to two hydrogens and a bromine . this carbon is just a methyl group . | how can it be methyl if only two hydrogens are attached to the carbon ? |
let 's see if we can name this molecule using the -- sometimes called the r-s system , or the cahn-ingold-prelog system . and the first thing to do is just to see if there are any chiral centers in this molecule . if there are n't , then we do n't even have to use the r-s system . we can just use our standard nomenclat... | it has an atomic number 6 . hydrogen is 1 . you probably know that already . | are we always rotating while keeping the # 1 atom stationary ? |
let 's see if we can name this molecule using the -- sometimes called the r-s system , or the cahn-ingold-prelog system . and the first thing to do is just to see if there are any chiral centers in this molecule . if there are n't , then we do n't even have to use the r-s system . we can just use our standard nomenclat... | let 's see if we can name this molecule using the -- sometimes called the r-s system , or the cahn-ingold-prelog system . and the first thing to do is just to see if there are any chiral centers in this molecule . if there are n't , then we do n't even have to use the r-s system . | would the first molecule also be include with cis in its name ? |
let 's see if we can name this molecule using the -- sometimes called the r-s system , or the cahn-ingold-prelog system . and the first thing to do is just to see if there are any chiral centers in this molecule . if there are n't , then we do n't even have to use the r-s system . we can just use our standard nomenclat... | and this is attached to two hydrogens , and those are obviously the same group , so this is also not a chiral center . so we have one chiral center , so the r-s naming system will apply . but a good starting point will just be naming it using our standard nomenclature rules . | hey assume we have two chiral carbons.. is there any possibility that u know the configuration is r with respect to one c-atom and s with respect to another.. ? |
let 's see if we can name this molecule using the -- sometimes called the r-s system , or the cahn-ingold-prelog system . and the first thing to do is just to see if there are any chiral centers in this molecule . if there are n't , then we do n't even have to use the r-s system . we can just use our standard nomenclat... | let 's see if we can name this molecule using the -- sometimes called the r-s system , or the cahn-ingold-prelog system . and the first thing to do is just to see if there are any chiral centers in this molecule . | can you do rs on cyclic systems please ? |
let 's see if we can name this molecule using the -- sometimes called the r-s system , or the cahn-ingold-prelog system . and the first thing to do is just to see if there are any chiral centers in this molecule . if there are n't , then we do n't even have to use the r-s system . we can just use our standard nomenclat... | let 's see if we can name this molecule using the -- sometimes called the r-s system , or the cahn-ingold-prelog system . and the first thing to do is just to see if there are any chiral centers in this molecule . | how do you make the distinction ? |
let 's see if we can name this molecule using the -- sometimes called the r-s system , or the cahn-ingold-prelog system . and the first thing to do is just to see if there are any chiral centers in this molecule . if there are n't , then we do n't even have to use the r-s system . we can just use our standard nomenclat... | it has an atomic number 6 . hydrogen is 1 . you probably know that already . | do you always rotate the molecule about the # 1 group ? |
let 's see if we can name this molecule using the -- sometimes called the r-s system , or the cahn-ingold-prelog system . and the first thing to do is just to see if there are any chiral centers in this molecule . if there are n't , then we do n't even have to use the r-s system . we can just use our standard nomenclat... | it has an atomic number 6 . hydrogen is 1 . you probably know that already . | how do you know when to make a certain atom go behind or forward like the hydrogen and methyl in this question ? |
let 's see if we can name this molecule using the -- sometimes called the r-s system , or the cahn-ingold-prelog system . and the first thing to do is just to see if there are any chiral centers in this molecule . if there are n't , then we do n't even have to use the r-s system . we can just use our standard nomenclat... | so hydrogen is definitely the number four group . we have to differentiate between this carbon group , that carbon group , and that carbon group . and the way you do it , if there 's a tie on the three carbons , you then look at what is attached to those carbons , and you compare the highest thing attached to each of t... | how do we know which carbon to start naming from ? |
let 's see if we can name this molecule using the -- sometimes called the r-s system , or the cahn-ingold-prelog system . and the first thing to do is just to see if there are any chiral centers in this molecule . if there are n't , then we do n't even have to use the r-s system . we can just use our standard nomenclat... | so number three is there . and now that we 've put our fourth group behind the molecule , we literally just figure out whether we have to go clockwise or counterclockwise to go from one , two to three . and that 's pretty straightforward . | why is the turn going counter clockwise ( s ) if the groups should go in the direction of the 1st ( or most ) priority to the fourth-priority ? |
let 's see if we can name this molecule using the -- sometimes called the r-s system , or the cahn-ingold-prelog system . and the first thing to do is just to see if there are any chiral centers in this molecule . if there are n't , then we do n't even have to use the r-s system . we can just use our standard nomenclat... | we 've named it using the r-s system . this molecule is ( s ) -- sinister -- 1-bromo-3-fluoro-2,3-di -- | so when dealing with the groups of hydrogen ( # 4 ) , of c-f ( # 2 ) and the methyl ( # 3 ) , should n't the arrow start at # 2 to # 3 to # 4 ? |
let 's see if we can name this molecule using the -- sometimes called the r-s system , or the cahn-ingold-prelog system . and the first thing to do is just to see if there are any chiral centers in this molecule . if there are n't , then we do n't even have to use the r-s system . we can just use our standard nomenclat... | we 've named it using the r-s system . this molecule is ( s ) -- sinister -- 1-bromo-3-fluoro-2,3-di -- | at the end ( ) how are you able to tell that # 1 stays the same but # 2 and # 3 switch ? |
let 's see if we can name this molecule using the -- sometimes called the r-s system , or the cahn-ingold-prelog system . and the first thing to do is just to see if there are any chiral centers in this molecule . if there are n't , then we do n't even have to use the r-s system . we can just use our standard nomenclat... | so we 're done . we 've named it using the r-s system . this molecule is ( s ) -- sinister -- 1-bromo-3-fluoro-2,3-di -- | what is the difference between r-s and l-d ? |
let 's see if we can name this molecule using the -- sometimes called the r-s system , or the cahn-ingold-prelog system . and the first thing to do is just to see if there are any chiral centers in this molecule . if there are n't , then we do n't even have to use the r-s system . we can just use our standard nomenclat... | that 's kind of the axis that we rotated around . so the number one group has not changed . number one is still there . number two is now where number four used to be , so number two is now jutting out of the page . | is it possible to convert directly from the one-dimensional version of this molecule to a fischer projection ? |
let 's see if we can name this molecule using the -- sometimes called the r-s system , or the cahn-ingold-prelog system . and the first thing to do is just to see if there are any chiral centers in this molecule . if there are n't , then we do n't even have to use the r-s system . we can just use our standard nomenclat... | so then you have your number three group . it 's behind the molecule , so i 'll draw it like this . this is our number three group . | how would the molecule shown be depicted ? |
let 's see if we can name this molecule using the -- sometimes called the r-s system , or the cahn-ingold-prelog system . and the first thing to do is just to see if there are any chiral centers in this molecule . if there are n't , then we do n't even have to use the r-s system . we can just use our standard nomenclat... | so we 're done . we 've named it using the r-s system . this molecule is ( s ) -- sinister -- 1-bromo-3-fluoro-2,3-di -- | i had a doubt.. what if double bonds were present in the compound ... how do we name them using r or s nomenclature ? |
let 's see if we can name this molecule using the -- sometimes called the r-s system , or the cahn-ingold-prelog system . and the first thing to do is just to see if there are any chiral centers in this molecule . if there are n't , then we do n't even have to use the r-s system . we can just use our standard nomenclat... | let 's see if we can name this molecule using the -- sometimes called the r-s system , or the cahn-ingold-prelog system . and the first thing to do is just to see if there are any chiral centers in this molecule . if there are n't , then we do n't even have to use the r-s system . | how to name if the molecule contains a double or a triple bond ? |
let 's see if we can name this molecule using the -- sometimes called the r-s system , or the cahn-ingold-prelog system . and the first thing to do is just to see if there are any chiral centers in this molecule . if there are n't , then we do n't even have to use the r-s system . we can just use our standard nomenclat... | the number four is going to rotate to the number three group . number three is going to rotate around to the number two group , and then the number two group is going to rotate to where the number four group is right now . so if we were to redraw that , let 's redraw our chiral carbon . | or is it really a must for the group to rotate around the molecule with the largest atomic number ? |
let 's see if we can name this molecule using the -- sometimes called the r-s system , or the cahn-ingold-prelog system . and the first thing to do is just to see if there are any chiral centers in this molecule . if there are n't , then we do n't even have to use the r-s system . we can just use our standard nomenclat... | dimethylbutane . so that 's just the standard nomenclature rules . we still have n't used the r-s system . now we can do that . | why ch3 on left side below the plane was not taken during r-s nomenclature ? |
let 's see if we can name this molecule using the -- sometimes called the r-s system , or the cahn-ingold-prelog system . and the first thing to do is just to see if there are any chiral centers in this molecule . if there are n't , then we do n't even have to use the r-s system . we can just use our standard nomenclat... | it has an atomic number 6 . hydrogen is 1 . you probably know that already . | in assigning chirality r and s , what do you do if the hydrogen is not in a backward or forward position ? |
let 's see if we can name this molecule using the -- sometimes called the r-s system , or the cahn-ingold-prelog system . and the first thing to do is just to see if there are any chiral centers in this molecule . if there are n't , then we do n't even have to use the r-s system . we can just use our standard nomenclat... | and just a reminder , we were tied with the carbon , so we have to look at the next highest constituent , and even if this had three fluorines attached to it , the bromine would still trump it . you compare the highest to the highest . so now that we 've done that , let me redraw this molecule so it 's a little bit eas... | at 6.13 , does 'highest to highest ' mean that it does n't matter if there is 10 flourines ? |
let 's see if we can name this molecule using the -- sometimes called the r-s system , or the cahn-ingold-prelog system . and the first thing to do is just to see if there are any chiral centers in this molecule . if there are n't , then we do n't even have to use the r-s system . we can just use our standard nomenclat... | let 's see if we can name this molecule using the -- sometimes called the r-s system , or the cahn-ingold-prelog system . and the first thing to do is just to see if there are any chiral centers in this molecule . if there are n't , then we do n't even have to use the r-s system . | why do you have to put the lowest molecule at the back first ? |
let 's see if we can name this molecule using the -- sometimes called the r-s system , or the cahn-ingold-prelog system . and the first thing to do is just to see if there are any chiral centers in this molecule . if there are n't , then we do n't even have to use the r-s system . we can just use our standard nomenclat... | and if that 's a tie , then you keep going on and on and on . so on this carbon right here , we have a bromine . bromine has an atomic number of 35 , which is higher than carbon . so this guy has a bromine attached to it . | also , what would be a higher number in the case of a chiral carbon being bonded to : bromine and ch2br ? |
let 's see if we can name this molecule using the -- sometimes called the r-s system , or the cahn-ingold-prelog system . and the first thing to do is just to see if there are any chiral centers in this molecule . if there are n't , then we do n't even have to use the r-s system . we can just use our standard nomenclat... | and that 's pretty straightforward . to go from one to two to three , we have to go counterclockwise . or another way to think of it , we 're going to the left , counterclockwise . | our only criteria for rotating is that # 4 should go below the plane right ? |
let 's see if we can name this molecule using the -- sometimes called the r-s system , or the cahn-ingold-prelog system . and the first thing to do is just to see if there are any chiral centers in this molecule . if there are n't , then we do n't even have to use the r-s system . we can just use our standard nomenclat... | this carbon is just a methyl group . so this right here does look like a chiral center . it does look like a chiral carbon , and the other ones do n't . | can we have enantiomer of a molecule that has no chiral center ? |
let 's see if we can name this molecule using the -- sometimes called the r-s system , or the cahn-ingold-prelog system . and the first thing to do is just to see if there are any chiral centers in this molecule . if there are n't , then we do n't even have to use the r-s system . we can just use our standard nomenclat... | we 've named it using the r-s system . this molecule is ( s ) -- sinister -- 1-bromo-3-fluoro-2,3-di -- | for instance would the molecule be named ( 2s ) -1-bromo-3-fluoro-2,3-dimethylbutane ? |
let 's see if we can name this molecule using the -- sometimes called the r-s system , or the cahn-ingold-prelog system . and the first thing to do is just to see if there are any chiral centers in this molecule . if there are n't , then we do n't even have to use the r-s system . we can just use our standard nomenclat... | actually , let me draw it a little bit clearer , so it looks a little bit more like the tripod structure that it 's supposed to be . so let me redraw the number three group . the number three group should look like -- so this is our number three group . let me draw it a little bit more like this . | is n't the more reactive halogen group should get a lower number ? |
let 's see if we can name this molecule using the -- sometimes called the r-s system , or the cahn-ingold-prelog system . and the first thing to do is just to see if there are any chiral centers in this molecule . if there are n't , then we do n't even have to use the r-s system . we can just use our standard nomenclat... | number one has n't changed . that 's kind of the axis that we rotated around . so the number one group has not changed . | can the molecule be rotated about any axis ? |
let 's see if we can name this molecule using the -- sometimes called the r-s system , or the cahn-ingold-prelog system . and the first thing to do is just to see if there are any chiral centers in this molecule . if there are n't , then we do n't even have to use the r-s system . we can just use our standard nomenclat... | if we went from here , we have one , two , three . we can either go to four or to four there , so we definitely have four carbons , four carbon , longest chain . so that tells us that we will be using the prefix but- , or it will be a butane , because they 're all single bonds here , so it is a butane . | i was just wondering , why the carbon on the left , connected to the f and two ch3 groups was not chosen as the chiral center , both carbons seem to be connected to four groups ? |
let 's see if we can name this molecule using the -- sometimes called the r-s system , or the cahn-ingold-prelog system . and the first thing to do is just to see if there are any chiral centers in this molecule . if there are n't , then we do n't even have to use the r-s system . we can just use our standard nomenclat... | this carbon is just a methyl group . so this right here does look like a chiral center . it does look like a chiral carbon , and the other ones do n't . | is this a multi-chiral center molecule ? |
let 's see if we can name this molecule using the -- sometimes called the r-s system , or the cahn-ingold-prelog system . and the first thing to do is just to see if there are any chiral centers in this molecule . if there are n't , then we do n't even have to use the r-s system . we can just use our standard nomenclat... | let 's see if we can name this molecule using the -- sometimes called the r-s system , or the cahn-ingold-prelog system . and the first thing to do is just to see if there are any chiral centers in this molecule . | well , as far as i know , atoms can not be rotated around double bonds .so if i 'm trying to use the cahn ingold prelog system , rotating the molecule such that the lowest ranked atom be into the page would n't be possible .how can i proceed in such a case ? |
let 's see if we can name this molecule using the -- sometimes called the r-s system , or the cahn-ingold-prelog system . and the first thing to do is just to see if there are any chiral centers in this molecule . if there are n't , then we do n't even have to use the r-s system . we can just use our standard nomenclat... | and the first thing to do is just to see if there are any chiral centers in this molecule . if there are n't , then we do n't even have to use the r-s system . we can just use our standard nomenclature rules and we 'd be done . | at 9.10 ... why does n't this atom structure indicates whether it is s / r ? |
let 's see if we can name this molecule using the -- sometimes called the r-s system , or the cahn-ingold-prelog system . and the first thing to do is just to see if there are any chiral centers in this molecule . if there are n't , then we do n't even have to use the r-s system . we can just use our standard nomenclat... | but the easiest way to get the number four group that 's actually a hydrogen in the number three position would be to rotate it . you could imagine , rotate it around the axis defined by the number one group . so the number one group is just going to stay where it is . | how do you know which will be the axis around which the other atoms or groups rotate ? |
let 's see if we can name this molecule using the -- sometimes called the r-s system , or the cahn-ingold-prelog system . and the first thing to do is just to see if there are any chiral centers in this molecule . if there are n't , then we do n't even have to use the r-s system . we can just use our standard nomenclat... | so hydrogen is definitely the number four group . we have to differentiate between this carbon group , that carbon group , and that carbon group . and the way you do it , if there 's a tie on the three carbons , you then look at what is attached to those carbons , and you compare the highest thing attached to each of t... | so the fluoro group on the third carbon should n't it be the first point of difference and not the bromine on the first carbon ? |
let 's see if we can name this molecule using the -- sometimes called the r-s system , or the cahn-ingold-prelog system . and the first thing to do is just to see if there are any chiral centers in this molecule . if there are n't , then we do n't even have to use the r-s system . we can just use our standard nomenclat... | so the number one group has not changed . number one is still there . number two is now where number four used to be , so number two is now jutting out of the page . | or would you still count it as one flourine constituent as your highest attachment ( not add the flourines , only count it as one ) which would still be less than bromine ? |
let 's see if we can name this molecule using the -- sometimes called the r-s system , or the cahn-ingold-prelog system . and the first thing to do is just to see if there are any chiral centers in this molecule . if there are n't , then we do n't even have to use the r-s system . we can just use our standard nomenclat... | and remember , the d does n't count in alphabetical order . dimethylbutane , because we have the longest chain is four carbons . dimethylbutane . | at 07 , why is it that at the 3rd carbon it is not 3-dimethyl since you have two methyl groups coming off ? |
let 's see if we can name this molecule using the -- sometimes called the r-s system , or the cahn-ingold-prelog system . and the first thing to do is just to see if there are any chiral centers in this molecule . if there are n't , then we do n't even have to use the r-s system . we can just use our standard nomenclat... | same thing about this carbon right here . this carbon right here is attached to a fluorine , but then it 's attached to two methyl groups . so it 's the same group , so this is also not a chiral carbon or an asymmetric carbon . | so even if the carbon next to the chiral center has a f plus 2 ch3 groups attached to it , we still consider the c attached to the br as the higher one ? |
let 's see if we can name this molecule using the -- sometimes called the r-s system , or the cahn-ingold-prelog system . and the first thing to do is just to see if there are any chiral centers in this molecule . if there are n't , then we do n't even have to use the r-s system . we can just use our standard nomenclat... | it does look like a chiral carbon , and the other ones do n't . this is just a methyl group . it has three hydrogens , so definitely not attached to four different groups . | when naming the molecule , why is the bottom methyl group chosen instead of the leftmost methyl group ? |
let 's see if we can name this molecule using the -- sometimes called the r-s system , or the cahn-ingold-prelog system . and the first thing to do is just to see if there are any chiral centers in this molecule . if there are n't , then we do n't even have to use the r-s system . we can just use our standard nomenclat... | the number four is going to rotate to the number three group . number three is going to rotate around to the number two group , and then the number two group is going to rotate to where the number four group is right now . so if we were to redraw that , let 's redraw our chiral carbon . | 2 when you do a rotation , why do n't you also rotate the br group ? |
let 's see if we can name this molecule using the -- sometimes called the r-s system , or the cahn-ingold-prelog system . and the first thing to do is just to see if there are any chiral centers in this molecule . if there are n't , then we do n't even have to use the r-s system . we can just use our standard nomenclat... | the number four is going to rotate to the number three group . number three is going to rotate around to the number two group , and then the number two group is going to rotate to where the number four group is right now . so if we were to redraw that , let 's redraw our chiral carbon . | 0 , does the number 1 group have to be the `` stem '' of the umbrella and not rotate ? |
let 's see if we can name this molecule using the -- sometimes called the r-s system , or the cahn-ingold-prelog system . and the first thing to do is just to see if there are any chiral centers in this molecule . if there are n't , then we do n't even have to use the r-s system . we can just use our standard nomenclat... | and this is attached to two hydrogens , and those are obviously the same group , so this is also not a chiral center . so we have one chiral center , so the r-s naming system will apply . but a good starting point will just be naming it using our standard nomenclature rules . | okay so anytime there is a chiral center you will have to differentiate the difference between the original and its mirror image using r or s even if there is onlt one chiral center ? |
let 's see if we can name this molecule using the -- sometimes called the r-s system , or the cahn-ingold-prelog system . and the first thing to do is just to see if there are any chiral centers in this molecule . if there are n't , then we do n't even have to use the r-s system . we can just use our standard nomenclat... | number one has n't changed . that 's kind of the axis that we rotated around . so the number one group has not changed . | at < < 8.34 > > how did you rotated the molecule ? |
let 's see if we can name this molecule using the -- sometimes called the r-s system , or the cahn-ingold-prelog system . and the first thing to do is just to see if there are any chiral centers in this molecule . if there are n't , then we do n't even have to use the r-s system . we can just use our standard nomenclat... | i 'll do it in white . so hydrogen is definitely the number four group . we have to differentiate between this carbon group , that carbon group , and that carbon group . and the way you do it , if there 's a tie on the three carbons , you then look at what is attached to those carbons , and you compare the highest thin... | what is the criteria to decide which group has to stick into the page , or pop out , or be at the top while drawing a 3d image of the given compound ? |
let 's see if we can name this molecule using the -- sometimes called the r-s system , or the cahn-ingold-prelog system . and the first thing to do is just to see if there are any chiral centers in this molecule . if there are n't , then we do n't even have to use the r-s system . we can just use our standard nomenclat... | let me draw it a little bit more like this . the number three group is behind us . and then finally , you have your number four group in yellow , which is just a hydrogen that 's coming straight out . | when it comes to rotating the molecule to position the smallest group behind the chiral centre , do you always have to hold the largest group in the same position when the others rotate ? |
now that you 've had a little bit of exposure to what a convolution is , i can introduce you to the convolution theorem , or at least in the context of -- there may be other convolution theorems -- but we 're talking about differential equations and laplace transforms . so this is the convolution theorem as applies to ... | so we can rewrite this . and so this is the inverse laplace transform . so let me rewrite this expression down here . | why do the convolution to get the inverse laplace transform ? |
now that you 've had a little bit of exposure to what a convolution is , i can introduce you to the convolution theorem , or at least in the context of -- there may be other convolution theorems -- but we 're talking about differential equations and laplace transforms . so this is the convolution theorem as applies to ... | so we can rewrite this . and so this is the inverse laplace transform . so let me rewrite this expression down here . | why not apply laplace transform to do the the convolution ? |
now that you 've had a little bit of exposure to what a convolution is , i can introduce you to the convolution theorem , or at least in the context of -- there may be other convolution theorems -- but we 're talking about differential equations and laplace transforms . so this is the convolution theorem as applies to ... | now that you 've had a little bit of exposure to what a convolution is , i can introduce you to the convolution theorem , or at least in the context of -- there may be other convolution theorems -- but we 're talking about differential equations and laplace transforms . so this is the convolution theorem as applies to ... | can we have the proof of convolution theorem ? |
now that you 've had a little bit of exposure to what a convolution is , i can introduce you to the convolution theorem , or at least in the context of -- there may be other convolution theorems -- but we 're talking about differential equations and laplace transforms . so this is the convolution theorem as applies to ... | i could write it like this . we know that f of t is equal to the inverse laplace transform of f of s. and we know that g -- i should have done it in a different color , but i 'll do g in green -- we know that g of t is equal to the inverse laplace transform of g of s. so we can rewrite the convolution theorem as the in... | is there some form of `` inverse '' convolution theorem giving l { f ( t ) g ( t ) } as some convolution of f ( s ) and g ( s ) ? |
now that you 've had a little bit of exposure to what a convolution is , i can introduce you to the convolution theorem , or at least in the context of -- there may be other convolution theorems -- but we 're talking about differential equations and laplace transforms . so this is the convolution theorem as applies to ... | i already told them to you , but they should be somewhat second nature now . this is 2 times sine of t. you take the laplace transform of sine of t , you get 1 over s squared plus 1 , and then you multiply it by 2 , you get the 2 up there . and you 're going to have to convolute that with the inverse laplace transform ... | i wanted to ask if we take the laplace of ( t*sint ( t ) ) we are supposed to get 2s/ ( ( s^2 ) +1 ) ^2 again right ? |
now that you 've had a little bit of exposure to what a convolution is , i can introduce you to the convolution theorem , or at least in the context of -- there may be other convolution theorems -- but we 're talking about differential equations and laplace transforms . so this is the convolution theorem as applies to ... | and i 'll just write the definition , or the definition we 're using of the convolution . that f convoluted with g -- it 's going to be a function of g. i 'll just write this short-hand -- is equal to the integral from 0 to t , of f of t minus tau , times g of tau , dtau . so 2 sine of t convoluted with cosine of t is ... | would it be right to say that : l { f * g } = f ( s ) x g ( s ) and ( f * g ) = l^-1 ( f x g ) where l is laplace transform , l^-1 is inverse laplace and f and g are l ( f ) and l ( g ) .. ? |
now that you 've had a little bit of exposure to what a convolution is , i can introduce you to the convolution theorem , or at least in the context of -- there may be other convolution theorems -- but we 're talking about differential equations and laplace transforms . so this is the convolution theorem as applies to ... | and i 'll just write the definition , or the definition we 're using of the convolution . that f convoluted with g -- it 's going to be a function of g. i 'll just write this short-hand -- is equal to the integral from 0 to t , of f of t minus tau , times g of tau , dtau . so 2 sine of t convoluted with cosine of t is ... | is f * g = df/dt * integral ( g ( x ) dx ) a property of convolution ? |
now that you 've had a little bit of exposure to what a convolution is , i can introduce you to the convolution theorem , or at least in the context of -- there may be other convolution theorems -- but we 're talking about differential equations and laplace transforms . so this is the convolution theorem as applies to ... | it 's equal to 2 sine of t , convoluted with cosine of t. and you 're like , sal , throughout this whole process i 've already forgotten what it means to convolute two functions , so let 's convolute them . and i 'll just write the definition , or the definition we 're using of the convolution . that f convoluted with ... | how does the definition of the laplace transform relate to the definition of the convolution integral ? |
now that you 've had a little bit of exposure to what a convolution is , i can introduce you to the convolution theorem , or at least in the context of -- there may be other convolution theorems -- but we 're talking about differential equations and laplace transforms . so this is the convolution theorem as applies to ... | now , what good does all of this do ? well , we can take inverse laplace transforms . let 's just say that i had -- let me write it down here -- let 's say i told you that the following expression or function , let 's say h of s -- let me write it this way -- h of s is equal to 2s over s squared plus 1 . | why do i see fourier transforms in signal conditioning but laplace transforms in control systems ? |
now that you 've had a little bit of exposure to what a convolution is , i can introduce you to the convolution theorem , or at least in the context of -- there may be other convolution theorems -- but we 're talking about differential equations and laplace transforms . so this is the convolution theorem as applies to ... | now that you 've had a little bit of exposure to what a convolution is , i can introduce you to the convolution theorem , or at least in the context of -- there may be other convolution theorems -- but we 're talking about differential equations and laplace transforms . so this is the convolution theorem as applies to ... | what are the advantages/disadvantages of both ? |
now that you 've had a little bit of exposure to what a convolution is , i can introduce you to the convolution theorem , or at least in the context of -- there may be other convolution theorems -- but we 're talking about differential equations and laplace transforms . so this is the convolution theorem as applies to ... | so you actually can get an integral form . even if it ca n't be done , you can get your answer , at least , in terms of some integral . so i have n't proven the convolution theorem to you just yet . i 'll do that in a future video . | so there 's a convolution theorem in case there is n't such a method that ca n't be computed by the former ? |
hey guys , so in the last video i was talking about how you can define a function whose graph is a plane , and moreover a plane that passes through a specified point and whose orientation you can somehow specify . and we ended up seeing how specifying that orientation comes down to certain partial derivative informati... | it would say negative two thirds . and we would replace b with four , replace b with four . and that would give us the full formula , the full formula for the tangent plane . | do the constants a and b have anything to do with the vector normal to the plane ? |
- sometimes light seems to act as a wave , and sometimes light seems to act as a particle . and , an example of this , would be the photoelectric effect , as described by einstein . so let 's say you had a piece of metal , and we know the metal has electrons . i 'm gon na go ahead and draw one electron in here , and th... | so this is kind of like a collision between two particles , if we think about light as being a particle . so i 'm gon na draw in a particle of light which we call a photon , so this is massless , and the photon is going to hit this electron , and if the photon has enough energy , it can free the electron , right ? so w... | as we know that the photon is massless then how the momentum is being conserved ? |
- sometimes light seems to act as a wave , and sometimes light seems to act as a particle . and , an example of this , would be the photoelectric effect , as described by einstein . so let 's say you had a piece of metal , and we know the metal has electrons . i 'm gon na go ahead and draw one electron in here , and th... | they gave us wavelength , so we need to relate frequency to wavelength , and that 's related by c , which is the speed of light , is equal to lambda times nu . so , c is the speed of light , and that 's equal to the frequency times the wavelength . so we can substitute n for the frequency , all right , 'cause we just u... | what if the frequency of the incident ray of light is exactly equal to the threshold frequency of the metal ? |
- sometimes light seems to act as a wave , and sometimes light seems to act as a particle . and , an example of this , would be the photoelectric effect , as described by einstein . so let 's say you had a piece of metal , and we know the metal has electrons . i 'm gon na go ahead and draw one electron in here , and th... | so let me go ahead and highlight that here . so this number is not as high as the work function . the work function was how much energy we needed to free that electron , and since this is lower than the work function that means we do not get a photoelectron . so , you have to have a high enough energy photon in order t... | is work function same as ionization energy ? |
- sometimes light seems to act as a wave , and sometimes light seems to act as a particle . and , an example of this , would be the photoelectric effect , as described by einstein . so let 's say you had a piece of metal , and we know the metal has electrons . i 'm gon na go ahead and draw one electron in here , and th... | 3.78 times 10 to the negative 19 , and if you did you units up here , you would get joules , and so let 's think about this number for a second , 3.78 times 10 to the negative 19 is the energy of the photon . and that energy of the photon is greater than the work function , which means that that 's a high-energy photon... | so what happens to the energy of the photon ? |
- sometimes light seems to act as a wave , and sometimes light seems to act as a particle . and , an example of this , would be the photoelectric effect , as described by einstein . so let 's say you had a piece of metal , and we know the metal has electrons . i 'm gon na go ahead and draw one electron in here , and th... | so the energy of the photon , the energy that went in , so let me go ahead and write this here , so the energy of the photon , the energy that went in , what happened to that energy ? some of that energy was needed to free the electron . so the electron was bound , and some of the energy freed the electron . i 'm gon n... | does the electron accept this energy ? |
- sometimes light seems to act as a wave , and sometimes light seems to act as a particle . and , an example of this , would be the photoelectric effect , as described by einstein . so let 's say you had a piece of metal , and we know the metal has electrons . i 'm gon na go ahead and draw one electron in here , and th... | so one particle hits another particle . and , if you think about this in terms of classical physics , you could think about energy being conserved . so the energy of the photon , the energy that went in , so let me go ahead and write this here , so the energy of the photon , the energy that went in , what happened to t... | and if it is massless then how is light energy affected by gravity ? |
- sometimes light seems to act as a wave , and sometimes light seems to act as a particle . and , an example of this , would be the photoelectric effect , as described by einstein . so let 's say you had a piece of metal , and we know the metal has electrons . i 'm gon na go ahead and draw one electron in here , and th... | it 's able to knock the electron free , 'cause remember , this number right here , is the minimum amount of energy needed to free the electron and so we 've exceeded that minimum amount of energy , and so we will produce a photoelectron . so , this photon is high-energy enough to produce a photoelectron . so let 's go ... | would n't the combined energy be enough to create that photoelectron ? |
- sometimes light seems to act as a wave , and sometimes light seems to act as a particle . and , an example of this , would be the photoelectric effect , as described by einstein . so let 's say you had a piece of metal , and we know the metal has electrons . i 'm gon na go ahead and draw one electron in here , and th... | i 'm gon na go ahead and draw one electron in here , and this electron is bound to the metal because it 's attracted to the positive charges in the nucleus . if you shine a light on the metal , so the right kind of light with the right kind of frequency , you can actually knock some of those electrons loose , which cau... | in a photoelectric cell where there is no voltage , what causes the ejected electrons to travel to the anode ? |
- sometimes light seems to act as a wave , and sometimes light seems to act as a particle . and , an example of this , would be the photoelectric effect , as described by einstein . so let 's say you had a piece of metal , and we know the metal has electrons . i 'm gon na go ahead and draw one electron in here , and th... | so the problem says , `` if a photon of wavelength `` 525 nm hits metallic cesium ... '' and so here 's the work function for metallic cesium . `` what is the velocity of the photoelectron produced ? '' so they want to know the velocity of the photoelectron produced , which we know is hiding in the kinetic energy right... | if so , then is there a possible velocity that a caesium photoelectron must achieve so that it can escape from the attractive force exerted by the piece of caesium ? |
- sometimes light seems to act as a wave , and sometimes light seems to act as a particle . and , an example of this , would be the photoelectric effect , as described by einstein . so let 's say you had a piece of metal , and we know the metal has electrons . i 'm gon na go ahead and draw one electron in here , and th... | so the energy of the photon , the energy that went in , so let me go ahead and write this here , so the energy of the photon , the energy that went in , what happened to that energy ? some of that energy was needed to free the electron . so the electron was bound , and some of the energy freed the electron . | therefore should n't the energy required to free an electron , be different for different shells ? |
- sometimes light seems to act as a wave , and sometimes light seems to act as a particle . and , an example of this , would be the photoelectric effect , as described by einstein . so let 's say you had a piece of metal , and we know the metal has electrons . i 'm gon na go ahead and draw one electron in here , and th... | so let 's plug in our numbers . the energy of the photon was 3.78 times 10 the negative 19 joules , and then the work function is right up here again , it 's 3.43 , so minus 3.43 times 10 to the negative 19 joules . so let 's get out the calculator again . | then , when the work function of metallic caesium is given as 3.43 x 10^-19 j , is this the energy required to free an electron from the outermost shell or the innermost , or is it some kind of average value ? |
- sometimes light seems to act as a wave , and sometimes light seems to act as a particle . and , an example of this , would be the photoelectric effect , as described by einstein . so let 's say you had a piece of metal , and we know the metal has electrons . i 'm gon na go ahead and draw one electron in here , and th... | so this is kind of like a collision between two particles , if we think about light as being a particle . so i 'm gon na draw in a particle of light which we call a photon , so this is massless , and the photon is going to hit this electron , and if the photon has enough energy , it can free the electron , right ? so w... | if no , where does the mass of the photon go once it hits an electron in the metal sheet ? |
- sometimes light seems to act as a wave , and sometimes light seems to act as a particle . and , an example of this , would be the photoelectric effect , as described by einstein . so let 's say you had a piece of metal , and we know the metal has electrons . i 'm gon na go ahead and draw one electron in here , and th... | the energy of the photon was 3.78 times 10 the negative 19 joules , and then the work function is right up here again , it 's 3.43 , so minus 3.43 times 10 to the negative 19 joules . so let 's get out the calculator again . so , from that we 're going to subtract the work function 3.43 times 10 to the negative 19 and ... | how did you get the value of plancks constant ? |
- sometimes light seems to act as a wave , and sometimes light seems to act as a particle . and , an example of this , would be the photoelectric effect , as described by einstein . so let 's say you had a piece of metal , and we know the metal has electrons . i 'm gon na go ahead and draw one electron in here , and th... | so if we had more and more and more of these photons at this wavelength , we still would n't produce any photoelectrons . and so , this is the idea of the photoelectric effect , which is best explained by thinking about light as a particle . | is it essential to use monochromatic light for photoelectric effect ? |
- sometimes light seems to act as a wave , and sometimes light seems to act as a particle . and , an example of this , would be the photoelectric effect , as described by einstein . so let 's say you had a piece of metal , and we know the metal has electrons . i 'm gon na go ahead and draw one electron in here , and th... | so if we had more and more and more of these photons at this wavelength , we still would n't produce any photoelectrons . and so , this is the idea of the photoelectric effect , which is best explained by thinking about light as a particle . | or any light can be used for photoelectric effect ? |
- sometimes light seems to act as a wave , and sometimes light seems to act as a particle . and , an example of this , would be the photoelectric effect , as described by einstein . so let 's say you had a piece of metal , and we know the metal has electrons . i 'm gon na go ahead and draw one electron in here , and th... | it 's able to knock the electron free , 'cause remember , this number right here , is the minimum amount of energy needed to free the electron and so we 've exceeded that minimum amount of energy , and so we will produce a photoelectron . so , this photon is high-energy enough to produce a photoelectron . so let 's go ... | we learned that a photon with a high enough energy is capable of exciting electrons of an atom to a higher level of energy , why is the electron completely knocked loose in this case ? |
- sometimes light seems to act as a wave , and sometimes light seems to act as a particle . and , an example of this , would be the photoelectric effect , as described by einstein . so let 's say you had a piece of metal , and we know the metal has electrons . i 'm gon na go ahead and draw one electron in here , and th... | - sometimes light seems to act as a wave , and sometimes light seems to act as a particle . and , an example of this , would be the photoelectric effect , as described by einstein . so let 's say you had a piece of metal , and we know the metal has electrons . | does photoelectric effect also happens in the case of gases ? |
- sometimes light seems to act as a wave , and sometimes light seems to act as a particle . and , an example of this , would be the photoelectric effect , as described by einstein . so let 's say you had a piece of metal , and we know the metal has electrons . i 'm gon na go ahead and draw one electron in here , and th... | so this is kind of like a collision between two particles , if we think about light as being a particle . so i 'm gon na draw in a particle of light which we call a photon , so this is massless , and the photon is going to hit this electron , and if the photon has enough energy , it can free the electron , right ? so w... | what is the charge of photon ? |
- sometimes light seems to act as a wave , and sometimes light seems to act as a particle . and , an example of this , would be the photoelectric effect , as described by einstein . so let 's say you had a piece of metal , and we know the metal has electrons . i 'm gon na go ahead and draw one electron in here , and th... | so one photon creates one photoelectron . so one particle hits another particle . and , if you think about this in terms of classical physics , you could think about energy being conserved . | in particle sense of proton do it moves like wave as you can see above ? |
- sometimes light seems to act as a wave , and sometimes light seems to act as a particle . and , an example of this , would be the photoelectric effect , as described by einstein . so let 's say you had a piece of metal , and we know the metal has electrons . i 'm gon na go ahead and draw one electron in here , and th... | so one photon creates one photoelectron . so one particle hits another particle . and , if you think about this in terms of classical physics , you could think about energy being conserved . | mostly particle move in straight line ? |
- sometimes light seems to act as a wave , and sometimes light seems to act as a particle . and , an example of this , would be the photoelectric effect , as described by einstein . so let 's say you had a piece of metal , and we know the metal has electrons . i 'm gon na go ahead and draw one electron in here , and th... | so this is kind of like a collision between two particles , if we think about light as being a particle . so i 'm gon na draw in a particle of light which we call a photon , so this is massless , and the photon is going to hit this electron , and if the photon has enough energy , it can free the electron , right ? so w... | how can a photon be massless ? |
- sometimes light seems to act as a wave , and sometimes light seems to act as a particle . and , an example of this , would be the photoelectric effect , as described by einstein . so let 's say you had a piece of metal , and we know the metal has electrons . i 'm gon na go ahead and draw one electron in here , and th... | 3.78 times 10 to the negative 19 , and if you did you units up here , you would get joules , and so let 's think about this number for a second , 3.78 times 10 to the negative 19 is the energy of the photon . and that energy of the photon is greater than the work function , which means that that 's a high-energy photon... | what if the energy of the photon is less than the work function ? |
- sometimes light seems to act as a wave , and sometimes light seems to act as a particle . and , an example of this , would be the photoelectric effect , as described by einstein . so let 's say you had a piece of metal , and we know the metal has electrons . i 'm gon na go ahead and draw one electron in here , and th... | so this is kind of like a collision between two particles , if we think about light as being a particle . so i 'm gon na draw in a particle of light which we call a photon , so this is massless , and the photon is going to hit this electron , and if the photon has enough energy , it can free the electron , right ? so w... | when the photon hits the electron , and when the electron is free- where does it go ? |
- sometimes light seems to act as a wave , and sometimes light seems to act as a particle . and , an example of this , would be the photoelectric effect , as described by einstein . so let 's say you had a piece of metal , and we know the metal has electrons . i 'm gon na go ahead and draw one electron in here , and th... | so that would be very simple , it would just be kinetic energy would be equal to the energy of the photon , energy of the photon , minus the energy that was necessary to free the electron from the metallic surface . and this e naught , here i 'm calling it e naught , you might see it written differently , a different s... | are those waves actually photoelectrons being ejected or something entirely different ? |
- sometimes light seems to act as a wave , and sometimes light seems to act as a particle . and , an example of this , would be the photoelectric effect , as described by einstein . so let 's say you had a piece of metal , and we know the metal has electrons . i 'm gon na go ahead and draw one electron in here , and th... | - sometimes light seems to act as a wave , and sometimes light seems to act as a particle . and , an example of this , would be the photoelectric effect , as described by einstein . so let 's say you had a piece of metal , and we know the metal has electrons . | the difference between spectroscopy and photoelectric effect is that in the former electrons are only transitioned between energy levels and emit photon whereas in photoelectric effect the entire electron is emitted ? |
- sometimes light seems to act as a wave , and sometimes light seems to act as a particle . and , an example of this , would be the photoelectric effect , as described by einstein . so let 's say you had a piece of metal , and we know the metal has electrons . i 'm gon na go ahead and draw one electron in here , and th... | so the energy of the photon , the energy that went in , so let me go ahead and write this here , so the energy of the photon , the energy that went in , what happened to that energy ? some of that energy was needed to free the electron . so the electron was bound , and some of the energy freed the electron . | if i keep giving the minimum frequency needed to eject electron , will all the electron from the atom or the element fall out ? |
- sometimes light seems to act as a wave , and sometimes light seems to act as a particle . and , an example of this , would be the photoelectric effect , as described by einstein . so let 's say you had a piece of metal , and we know the metal has electrons . i 'm gon na go ahead and draw one electron in here , and th... | the problem asked us to solve for the velocity of the photoelectron . so all we have to do is plug in the mass of an electron , which is 9.11 times 10 to the negative 31st kilograms , times v squared . this is equal to 3.5 times 10 to the negative 20 . | after you convert the 525bnm to 525e-9 what is the unit for the 525e-9 at that point ? |
- sometimes light seems to act as a wave , and sometimes light seems to act as a particle . and , an example of this , would be the photoelectric effect , as described by einstein . so let 's say you had a piece of metal , and we know the metal has electrons . i 'm gon na go ahead and draw one electron in here , and th... | so this is kind of like a collision between two particles , if we think about light as being a particle . so i 'm gon na draw in a particle of light which we call a photon , so this is massless , and the photon is going to hit this electron , and if the photon has enough energy , it can free the electron , right ? so w... | why is a photon massless ? |
- sometimes light seems to act as a wave , and sometimes light seems to act as a particle . and , an example of this , would be the photoelectric effect , as described by einstein . so let 's say you had a piece of metal , and we know the metal has electrons . i 'm gon na go ahead and draw one electron in here , and th... | - sometimes light seems to act as a wave , and sometimes light seems to act as a particle . and , an example of this , would be the photoelectric effect , as described by einstein . | but if you were to take a ridged piece of metal , broken up and busted , yet still shiny enough to bounce off light , would it make the light ridged physically ? |
- sometimes light seems to act as a wave , and sometimes light seems to act as a particle . and , an example of this , would be the photoelectric effect , as described by einstein . so let 's say you had a piece of metal , and we know the metal has electrons . i 'm gon na go ahead and draw one electron in here , and th... | - sometimes light seems to act as a wave , and sometimes light seems to act as a particle . and , an example of this , would be the photoelectric effect , as described by einstein . | what exactly is the intensity of light ? |
- sometimes light seems to act as a wave , and sometimes light seems to act as a particle . and , an example of this , would be the photoelectric effect , as described by einstein . so let 's say you had a piece of metal , and we know the metal has electrons . i 'm gon na go ahead and draw one electron in here , and th... | some of that energy was needed to free the electron . so the electron was bound , and some of the energy freed the electron . i 'm gon na call that e naught , the energy that freed the electron , and then the rest of that energy must have gone into the kinetic energy of the electron , and so we can write here kinetic e... | what happens to the proton involved in causing the emission of the electron ? |
- sometimes light seems to act as a wave , and sometimes light seems to act as a particle . and , an example of this , would be the photoelectric effect , as described by einstein . so let 's say you had a piece of metal , and we know the metal has electrons . i 'm gon na go ahead and draw one electron in here , and th... | so let me go ahead and highlight that here . so this number is not as high as the work function . the work function was how much energy we needed to free that electron , and since this is lower than the work function that means we do not get a photoelectron . so , you have to have a high enough energy photon in order t... | so what exactly is the difference between the ionisation energy of an element and the work function of an element ? |
- sometimes light seems to act as a wave , and sometimes light seems to act as a particle . and , an example of this , would be the photoelectric effect , as described by einstein . so let 's say you had a piece of metal , and we know the metal has electrons . i 'm gon na go ahead and draw one electron in here , and th... | so one photon creates one photoelectron . so one particle hits another particle . and , if you think about this in terms of classical physics , you could think about energy being conserved . | if light is in particle form , how does it have a wavelength ? |
- sometimes light seems to act as a wave , and sometimes light seems to act as a particle . and , an example of this , would be the photoelectric effect , as described by einstein . so let 's say you had a piece of metal , and we know the metal has electrons . i 'm gon na go ahead and draw one electron in here , and th... | i 'm gon na go ahead and draw one electron in here , and this electron is bound to the metal because it 's attracted to the positive charges in the nucleus . if you shine a light on the metal , so the right kind of light with the right kind of frequency , you can actually knock some of those electrons loose , which cau... | ( about ) : if shining a light of the right frequency and wavelength on a substance can knock electrons loose , therefore creating ions , would n't that change the properties of the substance ? |
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