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samim2024

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llama2-dataset-finetune-train-5k

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What is orange wine?

Orange wine is a type of wine made from white wine grapes where the grape skins are not removed as it is the case for white wine. The skins stay in contact with the juice for days or even months, which gives the wine its color, flavour and texture.

open_qa

Instruction: What is orange wine? Context: Response: Orange wine is a type of wine made from white wine grapes where the grape skins are not removed as it is the case for white wine. The skins stay in contact with the juice for days or even months, which gives the wine its color, flavour and texture.

Which company produces Hibiki Whisky?

Hibiki (Japanese: 響) (meaning "resonance" or "echo") is a premium blended whisky produced in Japan by Beam Suntory (a subsidiary of Suntory Beverage & Food Ltd, which itself is a subsidiary of Suntory Holdings of Osaka, Japan). It has won several awards.

Hibiki Whisky is a premium blended whisky produced in Japan by Beam Suntory, a subsidiary of Suntory Beverage & Food Ltd / Suntory Holdings of Osaka, Japan.

closed_qa

Instruction: Which company produces Hibiki Whisky? Context: Hibiki (Japanese: 響) (meaning "resonance" or "echo") is a premium blended whisky produced in Japan by Beam Suntory (a subsidiary of Suntory Beverage & Food Ltd, which itself is a subsidiary of Suntory Holdings of Osaka, Japan). It has won several awards. Response: Hibiki Whisky is a premium blended whisky produced in Japan by Beam Suntory, a subsidiary of Suntory Beverage & Food Ltd / Suntory Holdings of Osaka, Japan.

Which of the following numbers are prime? 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 2^11-1, 14, 17, 29, 47

Out of that list, the following numbers are prime: 2, 3, 5, 7, 17, 29, 47

classification

Instruction: Which of the following numbers are prime? 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 2^11-1, 14, 17, 29, 47 Context: Response: Out of that list, the following numbers are prime: 2, 3, 5, 7, 17, 29, 47

Categorize each of the vehicles as a car, truck, or van: Tesla Model 3, Ford F150, Chevy Silverado, Toyota Sienna, Honda Odyssey, Toyota Tacoma, Dodge Dart

Tesla Model 3: Car Ford F150: Truck Chevy Silverado: Truck Toyota Sienna: Van Honda Odyssey: Van Toyota Tacoma: Truck Dodge Dart: Car

classification

Instruction: Categorize each of the vehicles as a car, truck, or van: Tesla Model 3, Ford F150, Chevy Silverado, Toyota Sienna, Honda Odyssey, Toyota Tacoma, Dodge Dart Context: Response: Tesla Model 3: Car Ford F150: Truck Chevy Silverado: Truck Toyota Sienna: Van Honda Odyssey: Van Toyota Tacoma: Truck Dodge Dart: Car

classify each of the following as living or non-living: dog, table, cat, tree, pen, book.

living: dog, cat, tree non-living: table, pen, book

classification

Instruction: classify each of the following as living or non-living: dog, table, cat, tree, pen, book. Context: Response: living: dog, cat, tree non-living: table, pen, book

Can you summarize the responsibilities of a Chief Data Officer?

A chief data officer (CDO) is a corporate officer responsible for enterprise-wide governance and utilization of information as an asset, via data processing, analysis, data mining, information trading and other means. CDOs usually report to the chief executive officer (CEO), although depending on the area of expertise this can vary. The CDO is a member of the executive management team and manager of enterprise-wide data processing and data mining. The chief data officer title shares its abbreviation with the chief digital officer, but the two are not the same job. The chief data officer has a significant measure of business responsibility for determining what kinds of information the enterprise will choose to capture, retain and exploit and for what purposes. However, the similar-sounding chief digital officer or chief digital information officer often does not bear that business responsibility, but rather is responsible for the information systems through which data is stored and processed. A chief data officer's purpose is to connect the technological results to the needed business results. Various other roles entail having an understanding of the business value. It means using data to derive business outcome. It can be achieved by knowing the team members and activities performed, the stakeholder values and understanding customer needs. Some responsibilities include the governance, advising & monitoring enterprise data. In terms of operations it means enabling data usability along with efficiency and availability. They have to innovate which means driving the business towards digital transformation innovation, cost reduction, and revenue generation. Their role is also to provide supporting analytics with reports on products, customers, operations, and markets. They need to protect the data and eliminate data territorialism while also promoting data ethics.

Below are the key responsibilities of a Chief Data Officer, Making sure the business can achieve its results by effective use of data processed within the enterprise. Establish enterprise-wide governance on data collection, data processing, data analysis, and mining and sharing of data across teams and outside the enterprise. Guiding teams within the enterprise on best practices, compliance standards, and company responsibility in collecting and using data. Establish monitoring standards for making sure how data is accessed, who access the data, and having a catalog of all data assets.

summarization

Instruction: Can you summarize the responsibilities of a Chief Data Officer? Context: A chief data officer (CDO) is a corporate officer responsible for enterprise-wide governance and utilization of information as an asset, via data processing, analysis, data mining, information trading and other means. CDOs usually report to the chief executive officer (CEO), although depending on the area of expertise this can vary. The CDO is a member of the executive management team and manager of enterprise-wide data processing and data mining. The chief data officer title shares its abbreviation with the chief digital officer, but the two are not the same job. The chief data officer has a significant measure of business responsibility for determining what kinds of information the enterprise will choose to capture, retain and exploit and for what purposes. However, the similar-sounding chief digital officer or chief digital information officer often does not bear that business responsibility, but rather is responsible for the information systems through which data is stored and processed. A chief data officer's purpose is to connect the technological results to the needed business results. Various other roles entail having an understanding of the business value. It means using data to derive business outcome. It can be achieved by knowing the team members and activities performed, the stakeholder values and understanding customer needs. Some responsibilities include the governance, advising & monitoring enterprise data. In terms of operations it means enabling data usability along with efficiency and availability. They have to innovate which means driving the business towards digital transformation innovation, cost reduction, and revenue generation. Their role is also to provide supporting analytics with reports on products, customers, operations, and markets. They need to protect the data and eliminate data territorialism while also promoting data ethics. Response: Below are the key responsibilities of a Chief Data Officer, Making sure the business can achieve its results by effective use of data processed within the enterprise. Establish enterprise-wide governance on data collection, data processing, data analysis, and mining and sharing of data across teams and outside the enterprise. Guiding teams within the enterprise on best practices, compliance standards, and company responsibility in collecting and using data. Establish monitoring standards for making sure how data is accessed, who access the data, and having a catalog of all data assets.

Given a reference text about twitter, how many accounts were estimated to be fake?

Twitter was created by Jack Dorsey, Noah Glass, Biz Stone, and Evan Williams in March 2006 and launched in July of that year. Twitter, Inc. is based in San Francisco, California and has more than 25 offices around the world. By 2012, more than 100 million users tweeted 340 million tweets a day, and the service handled an average of 1.6 billion search queries per day. In 2013, it was one of the ten most-visited websites and has been described as "the SMS of the Internet". By the start of 2019, Twitter had more than 330 million monthly active users. In practice, the vast majority of tweets are tweeted by a minority of users. In 2020, it was estimated that approximately 48 million accounts (15% of all accounts) were fake.

In 2020, about 48 million accounts were estimated to be fake.

closed_qa

Instruction: Given a reference text about twitter, how many accounts were estimated to be fake? Context: Twitter was created by Jack Dorsey, Noah Glass, Biz Stone, and Evan Williams in March 2006 and launched in July of that year. Twitter, Inc. is based in San Francisco, California and has more than 25 offices around the world. By 2012, more than 100 million users tweeted 340 million tweets a day, and the service handled an average of 1.6 billion search queries per day. In 2013, it was one of the ten most-visited websites and has been described as "the SMS of the Internet". By the start of 2019, Twitter had more than 330 million monthly active users. In practice, the vast majority of tweets are tweeted by a minority of users. In 2020, it was estimated that approximately 48 million accounts (15% of all accounts) were fake. Response: In 2020, about 48 million accounts were estimated to be fake.

When driving a car, categorize the following as either "increasing safety" or "decreasing safety": Wearing Seatbelt, Drinking Alcohol, Texting, Aligning Mirrors, Airbags

Wearing Seatbelt: Increasing Safety Drinking Alcohol: Decreasing Safety Texting: Decreasing Safety Aligning Mirrors: Increasing Safety Airbags: Increasing Safety

classification

Instruction: When driving a car, categorize the following as either "increasing safety" or "decreasing safety": Wearing Seatbelt, Drinking Alcohol, Texting, Aligning Mirrors, Airbags Context: Response: Wearing Seatbelt: Increasing Safety Drinking Alcohol: Decreasing Safety Texting: Decreasing Safety Aligning Mirrors: Increasing Safety Airbags: Increasing Safety

Based on this paragraph, what might be some appealing things about Bloomington?

Bloomington is a city in and the county seat of Monroe County, Indiana, United States. It is the seventh-largest city in Indiana and the fourth-largest outside the Indianapolis metropolitan area. According to the Monroe County History Center, Bloomington is known as the "Gateway to Scenic Southern Indiana". The city was established in 1818 by a group of settlers from Kentucky, Tennessee, the Carolinas, and Virginia who were so impressed with "a haven of blooms" that they called it Bloomington.

Bloomington appears to be a scenic place with natural beauty such as fields of flowers. As the fourth largest city in Indiana outside of Indianapolis, it may be a small and quiet town which may be appealing to those looking for a laid back place to spend time.

information_extraction

Instruction: Based on this paragraph, what might be some appealing things about Bloomington? Context: Bloomington is a city in and the county seat of Monroe County, Indiana, United States. It is the seventh-largest city in Indiana and the fourth-largest outside the Indianapolis metropolitan area. According to the Monroe County History Center, Bloomington is known as the "Gateway to Scenic Southern Indiana". The city was established in 1818 by a group of settlers from Kentucky, Tennessee, the Carolinas, and Virginia who were so impressed with "a haven of blooms" that they called it Bloomington. Response: Bloomington appears to be a scenic place with natural beauty such as fields of flowers. As the fourth largest city in Indiana outside of Indianapolis, it may be a small and quiet town which may be appealing to those looking for a laid back place to spend time.

What is one of your favorite hobbies?

I'm a big sports fan, and as a native of Northern California, I really enjoy watching the San Francisco 49ers and Sacramento Kings in particular. I've always been a fan of the NFL and NBA, and watch nearly every game of my favorite teams.

general_qa

Instruction: What is one of your favorite hobbies? Context: Response: I'm a big sports fan, and as a native of Northern California, I really enjoy watching the San Francisco 49ers and Sacramento Kings in particular. I've always been a fan of the NFL and NBA, and watch nearly every game of my favorite teams.

When was HMS Glowworm (H92), a G-class destroyer launched?

Glowworm, was briefly the name of a coastal destroyer launched on 12 December 1906 and renamed HMS TB7. It was sold in May 1921. HMS Glowworm (1916), an Insect-class gunboat, launched on 5 February 1916 and sold in 1928. HMS Glowworm (H92), a G-class destroyer launched on 22 July 1935, sunk on 8 April 1940 by the German heavy cruiser Admiral Hipper off Norway. Glowworm was allocated to a G-class destroyer under construction at the William Denny shipyard at Dumbarton in 1945. The vessel was originally called HMS Guinevere but was renamed in September 1945 to HMS Glowworm, and renamed again in October to HMS Gift. Construction was cancelled on 1 December 1945 before completion.

The HMS Glowworm (H92), a G-class was launched in July 22nd, 1935.

closed_qa

Instruction: When was HMS Glowworm (H92), a G-class destroyer launched? Context: Glowworm, was briefly the name of a coastal destroyer launched on 12 December 1906 and renamed HMS TB7. It was sold in May 1921. HMS Glowworm (1916), an Insect-class gunboat, launched on 5 February 1916 and sold in 1928. HMS Glowworm (H92), a G-class destroyer launched on 22 July 1935, sunk on 8 April 1940 by the German heavy cruiser Admiral Hipper off Norway. Glowworm was allocated to a G-class destroyer under construction at the William Denny shipyard at Dumbarton in 1945. The vessel was originally called HMS Guinevere but was renamed in September 1945 to HMS Glowworm, and renamed again in October to HMS Gift. Construction was cancelled on 1 December 1945 before completion. Response: The HMS Glowworm (H92), a G-class was launched in July 22nd, 1935.

Based on this article, considerations of what time zone is used for determining what land is in the dead man zone?

The dead man zone is the area directly around a bushfire that is likely to burn within five minutes given the current wind conditions or an anticipated change in wind direction. The distance this zone extends from the firefront is highly dependent on terrain, windspeed, fuel type and composition, relative humidity and ambient temperature, and can range from under 100 metres (330 ft) to well over 1 kilometre (3,300 ft).

A five minute period in the future is used for creating the dead man zone.

closed_qa

Instruction: Based on this article, considerations of what time zone is used for determining what land is in the dead man zone? Context: The dead man zone is the area directly around a bushfire that is likely to burn within five minutes given the current wind conditions or an anticipated change in wind direction. The distance this zone extends from the firefront is highly dependent on terrain, windspeed, fuel type and composition, relative humidity and ambient temperature, and can range from under 100 metres (330 ft) to well over 1 kilometre (3,300 ft). Response: A five minute period in the future is used for creating the dead man zone.

Classify each car as a Ford or Tesla: Model Y, F150, Focus, Fiesta, Model X

Model Y: Tesla F150: Ford Focus: Ford Fiesta: Ford Model X: Tesla

classification

Instruction: Classify each car as a Ford or Tesla: Model Y, F150, Focus, Fiesta, Model X Context: Response: Model Y: Tesla F150: Ford Focus: Ford Fiesta: Ford Model X: Tesla

Classify each of the following as either a country or a continent: Africa, North America, Asia, South America, Asia, China, Argentina, Canada, Mexico, Japan, United States of America

Africa is a continent. North America is a continent. Asia is a continent. South America is a continent. Asia is a continent. China is a country in Asia. Argentina is a country in South America. Canada is a country in North America. Mexico is a country in South America. Japan is a country in Asia. United States of America is a country in North America.

classification

Instruction: Classify each of the following as either a country or a continent: Africa, North America, Asia, South America, Asia, China, Argentina, Canada, Mexico, Japan, United States of America Context: Response: Africa is a continent. North America is a continent. Asia is a continent. South America is a continent. Asia is a continent. China is a country in Asia. Argentina is a country in South America. Canada is a country in North America. Mexico is a country in South America. Japan is a country in Asia. United States of America is a country in North America.

Write a paragraph of a blog post describing the appeal of a weekend stay at Blue Ridge Parkway?

Blue Ridge Parkway is an incredible place to see the leaves change colors in Autumn. The magic happens during the month of October, usually towards late month depending on the altitude. The colors are so serene you would want to stay for longer than a weekend. For the best experience try driving some distance along the Blue Ridge Parkway, changing directions and elevations, instead of finding one spot to capture all. Plan your stay in Asheville, NC area which has great collection of hotels and restaurants and drive around the scenic roads to catch the colors.

creative_writing

Instruction: Write a paragraph of a blog post describing the appeal of a weekend stay at Blue Ridge Parkway? Context: Response: Blue Ridge Parkway is an incredible place to see the leaves change colors in Autumn. The magic happens during the month of October, usually towards late month depending on the altitude. The colors are so serene you would want to stay for longer than a weekend. For the best experience try driving some distance along the Blue Ridge Parkway, changing directions and elevations, instead of finding one spot to capture all. Plan your stay in Asheville, NC area which has great collection of hotels and restaurants and drive around the scenic roads to catch the colors.

In the series A Song of Ice and Fire, who is the founder of House Bar Emmon?

Togarion Bar Emmon, also known as Togarion the Terrible

open_qa

Instruction: In the series A Song of Ice and Fire, who is the founder of House Bar Emmon? Context: Response: Togarion Bar Emmon, also known as Togarion the Terrible

What percentage of the world is left-handed?

It's estimated about ten percent of the global populated are left-hand dominant.

open_qa

Instruction: What percentage of the world is left-handed? Context: Response: It's estimated about ten percent of the global populated are left-hand dominant.

Why do people like to drink tea?

People enjoy drinking tea for many reasons. Drinking tea may be a part of a person's morning routine, and steeping a cup of tea may be a very grounding ritual. Tea also contains caffeine, which many people rely on as a source of energy. However, a cup of tea typically has less caffeine than a cup of coffee, and there are herbal options for those who do not want to consume a caffeinated beverage. Green tea in particular may also provide beneficial antioxidants. A warm cup of tea can bring comfort and be a be a great way to de-stress during the day.

general_qa

Instruction: Why do people like to drink tea? Context: Response: People enjoy drinking tea for many reasons. Drinking tea may be a part of a person's morning routine, and steeping a cup of tea may be a very grounding ritual. Tea also contains caffeine, which many people rely on as a source of energy. However, a cup of tea typically has less caffeine than a cup of coffee, and there are herbal options for those who do not want to consume a caffeinated beverage. Green tea in particular may also provide beneficial antioxidants. A warm cup of tea can bring comfort and be a be a great way to de-stress during the day.

which of these is a musical movie: Despicable Me 1, John Wick 4, Avengers or Singin' in the Rain?

Singin' in the Rain

classification

Instruction: which of these is a musical movie: Despicable Me 1, John Wick 4, Avengers or Singin' in the Rain? Context: Response: Singin' in the Rain

Name some of the bravolebrities from The Real Housewives of Atlanta

Sanya Richards-Ross, Marlo Hampton, Drew Sidora, Kenya Moore and Shereé Whitfield

open_qa

Instruction: Name some of the bravolebrities from The Real Housewives of Atlanta Context: Response: Sanya Richards-Ross, Marlo Hampton, Drew Sidora, Kenya Moore and Shereé Whitfield

Tell me whether a human has two or one of each of the following body parts: eye, mouth, nose, leg, ear, neck

Eye: Two Mouth: One Nose: One Leg: Two Ear: Two Neck: One

classification

Instruction: Tell me whether a human has two or one of each of the following body parts: eye, mouth, nose, leg, ear, neck Context: Response: Eye: Two Mouth: One Nose: One Leg: Two Ear: Two Neck: One

What are three tips to a successful fishing outing?

1. Be prepared. Check the weather and ensure you have adequate clothing for the expected weather. Bring enough food and water to keep yourself comfortable while out on the boat. 2. Go at the best time of day. Most freshwater fish have a relatively predictable daily routine and will bite best very early in the morning (just before or at sunrise) and later in the evening, a couple hours before sunset. 3. Fish in the right place! Most freshwater fish have an environment preference. For example, summer bass like to be in weeds and other cover; spring walleye can be found in more shallow water with sandy/rocky bottoms; fall pike and musky ambush prey from thick weed beds. If you want to catch a lot of fish, you need to be fishing where the fish are!

general_qa

Instruction: What are three tips to a successful fishing outing? Context: Response: 1. Be prepared. Check the weather and ensure you have adequate clothing for the expected weather. Bring enough food and water to keep yourself comfortable while out on the boat. 2. Go at the best time of day. Most freshwater fish have a relatively predictable daily routine and will bite best very early in the morning (just before or at sunrise) and later in the evening, a couple hours before sunset. 3. Fish in the right place! Most freshwater fish have an environment preference. For example, summer bass like to be in weeds and other cover; spring walleye can be found in more shallow water with sandy/rocky bottoms; fall pike and musky ambush prey from thick weed beds. If you want to catch a lot of fish, you need to be fishing where the fish are!

List 6 different types of rain in Seattle

1. Mist 2. Drizzle 3. Sleet 4. Downpour 5. Freezing Rain 6. Sun Shower

brainstorming

Instruction: List 6 different types of rain in Seattle Context: Response: 1. Mist 2. Drizzle 3. Sleet 4. Downpour 5. Freezing Rain 6. Sun Shower

What are good finishes for a desk top made of hard wood?

You'll want to avoid tacky finishes because you'll be touching your desk all the time. The finish should be fairly durable. Many people use tung oil, danish oil, or poly for desk tops. Avoid using a shellac or other alcohol solvents to reduce the damage from drinks spilling.

open_qa

Instruction: What are good finishes for a desk top made of hard wood? Context: Response: You'll want to avoid tacky finishes because you'll be touching your desk all the time. The finish should be fairly durable. Many people use tung oil, danish oil, or poly for desk tops. Avoid using a shellac or other alcohol solvents to reduce the damage from drinks spilling.

Give me the list of books related with the series 'The Lord of the Rings', in order of publication

Here is the list of books related with the series 'The Lord of the Rings', in order of publication: 1. The Hobbit 2. The Fellowship of the Ring 3. The Two Towers 4. The Return of the King 5. The Silmarillion 6. Unfinished Tales of Numenor and Middle-earth 7. The Children of Hurin 8. Beren and Luthien 9. The Fall of Gondolin

open_qa

Instruction: Give me the list of books related with the series 'The Lord of the Rings', in order of publication Context: Response: Here is the list of books related with the series 'The Lord of the Rings', in order of publication: 1. The Hobbit 2. The Fellowship of the Ring 3. The Two Towers 4. The Return of the King 5. The Silmarillion 6. Unfinished Tales of Numenor and Middle-earth 7. The Children of Hurin 8. Beren and Luthien 9. The Fall of Gondolin

What are the four main types of debt securities?

Common types of debt securities include commercial paper, corporate bonds, government bonds, municipal bonds, and treasury bills/bonds.

open_qa

Instruction: What are the four main types of debt securities? Context: Response: Common types of debt securities include commercial paper, corporate bonds, government bonds, municipal bonds, and treasury bills/bonds.

Who won the 2000 World Series?

The 2000 World Series was the championship series of Major League Baseball's (MLB) 2000 season. The 96th edition of the World Series, it was a best-of-seven playoff between crosstown opponents, the two-time defending World Series champions and American League (AL) champion New York Yankees and the National League (NL) champion New York Mets. The Yankees defeated the Mets, four games to one, to win their third consecutive championship and 26th overall. The series was often referred to as the "Subway Series", referring to the longstanding matchup between New York baseball teams; it was the first World Series contested between two New York teams since the 1956 World Series and the first since the New York Giants and the Brooklyn Dodgers moved west to California (as the current San Francisco Giants and Los Angeles Dodgers, respectively) in 1958 and the subsequent formation of the Mets in 1962. This World Series that featured teams from the same city or state, was the first of its kind since 1989 between the Oakland Athletics and the San Francisco Giants. Yankees shortstop Derek Jeter was named the World Series Most Valuable Player.

New York Yankees defeated the NY Mets 4 games to 1

closed_qa

Instruction: Who won the 2000 World Series? Context: The 2000 World Series was the championship series of Major League Baseball's (MLB) 2000 season. The 96th edition of the World Series, it was a best-of-seven playoff between crosstown opponents, the two-time defending World Series champions and American League (AL) champion New York Yankees and the National League (NL) champion New York Mets. The Yankees defeated the Mets, four games to one, to win their third consecutive championship and 26th overall. The series was often referred to as the "Subway Series", referring to the longstanding matchup between New York baseball teams; it was the first World Series contested between two New York teams since the 1956 World Series and the first since the New York Giants and the Brooklyn Dodgers moved west to California (as the current San Francisco Giants and Los Angeles Dodgers, respectively) in 1958 and the subsequent formation of the Mets in 1962. This World Series that featured teams from the same city or state, was the first of its kind since 1989 between the Oakland Athletics and the San Francisco Giants. Yankees shortstop Derek Jeter was named the World Series Most Valuable Player. Response: New York Yankees defeated the NY Mets 4 games to 1

What is the best way to catch fish from pond

Use net, this will give you most area to cover the fish

brainstorming

Instruction: What is the best way to catch fish from pond Context: Response: Use net, this will give you most area to cover the fish

Based on this paragraph, where was the The Ford Telstar sold?

The Ford Telstar is an automobile that was sold by Ford in Asia, Australasia and Africa, comparable in size to the European Ford Sierra and the North American Ford Tempo. It was progressively replaced by the Ford Mondeo. It was named after the Telstar satellite.

Asia, Australasia and Africa

closed_qa

Instruction: Based on this paragraph, where was the The Ford Telstar sold? Context: The Ford Telstar is an automobile that was sold by Ford in Asia, Australasia and Africa, comparable in size to the European Ford Sierra and the North American Ford Tempo. It was progressively replaced by the Ford Mondeo. It was named after the Telstar satellite. Response: Asia, Australasia and Africa

List the five French mother sauces used in classic french cuisine.

List the five French mother sauces used in classic French cuisine. The five mother sauces include Béchamel, Velouté, Espagnole, hollandaise and Tomato.

brainstorming

Instruction: List the five French mother sauces used in classic french cuisine. Context: Response: List the five French mother sauces used in classic French cuisine. The five mother sauces include Béchamel, Velouté, Espagnole, hollandaise and Tomato.

What are major rivers in Serbia

All rivers in Serbia belong to the drainage basins of three seas: Black Sea, Adriatic Sea or Aegean Sea. The largest in area, Black Sea drainage basin, covers an area of 81,261 km2 or 92% of the territory of Serbia. The entire basin is drained by only one river, the Danube, which flows into the Black Sea. All major rivers in Serbia, like Tisa, Sava, Velika Morava and Drina belong to it. The Adriatic Sea drainage basin covers an area of 4,500 km2 or 5% of territory of Serbia. It comprises the western half of the Kosovo and Metohija and it is mostly drained by one river, the White Drin, which in Albania meets the Black Drin to create the Drin river, which flows into the Adriatic Sea. Smaller portion of it is drained by Crni Kamen-Radika river in the extreme southern region of Gora, which also drains into Black Drin in North Macedonia. The Aegean Sea basin is the smallest in area, 2,650 km2 or 3% of the territory of Serbia, and covers the southern parts of Serbia, to the Macedonian and Bulgarian borders. It is drained by three rivers: Lepenac, Pčinja and Dragovištica. The first two flow into the Vardar river in North Macedonia, and the third flows into the Struma river in Bulgaria, and both of those rivers flow into the Aegean Sea. All three basins meet at the Drmanska glava peak on the Crnoljeva mountain in central Kosovo, which represents the water divide of Serbia and the major one in the Balkans, as it divides three out of the Balkan's four drainage basins (the fourth being the Ionian Sea).

All rivers in Serbia belong to the drainage basins of three seas: Black Sea, Adriatic Sea or Aegean Sea. The largest in area, Black Sea drainage basin, covers an area of 81,261 km2 or 92% of the territory of Serbia. The entire basin is drained by only one river, the Danube, which flows into the Black Sea. All major rivers in Serbia, like Tisa, Sava, Velika Morava and Drina belong to it. The Adriatic Sea drainage basin covers an area of 4,500 km2 or 5% of territory of Serbia. It comprises the western half of the Kosovo and Metohija and it is mostly drained by one river, the White Drin, which in Albania meets the Black Drin to create the Drin river, which flows into the Adriatic Sea. Smaller portion of it is drained by Crni Kamen-Radika river in the extreme southern region of Gora, which also drains into Black Drin in North Macedonia. The Aegean Sea basin is the smallest in area, 2,650 km2 or 3% of the territory of Serbia, and covers the southern parts of Serbia, to the Macedonian and Bulgarian borders. It is drained by three rivers: Lepenac, Pcinja and Dragovistica. The first two flow into the Vardar river in North Macedonia, and the third flows into the Struma river in Bulgaria, and both of those rivers flow into the Aegean Sea. All three basins meet at the Drmanska glava peak on the Crnoljeva mountain in central Kosovo, which represents the water divide of Serbia and the major one in the Balkans, as it divides three out of the Balkan's four drainage basins (the fourth being the Ionian Sea).

summarization

Instruction: What are major rivers in Serbia Context: All rivers in Serbia belong to the drainage basins of three seas: Black Sea, Adriatic Sea or Aegean Sea. The largest in area, Black Sea drainage basin, covers an area of 81,261 km2 or 92% of the territory of Serbia. The entire basin is drained by only one river, the Danube, which flows into the Black Sea. All major rivers in Serbia, like Tisa, Sava, Velika Morava and Drina belong to it. The Adriatic Sea drainage basin covers an area of 4,500 km2 or 5% of territory of Serbia. It comprises the western half of the Kosovo and Metohija and it is mostly drained by one river, the White Drin, which in Albania meets the Black Drin to create the Drin river, which flows into the Adriatic Sea. Smaller portion of it is drained by Crni Kamen-Radika river in the extreme southern region of Gora, which also drains into Black Drin in North Macedonia. The Aegean Sea basin is the smallest in area, 2,650 km2 or 3% of the territory of Serbia, and covers the southern parts of Serbia, to the Macedonian and Bulgarian borders. It is drained by three rivers: Lepenac, Pčinja and Dragovištica. The first two flow into the Vardar river in North Macedonia, and the third flows into the Struma river in Bulgaria, and both of those rivers flow into the Aegean Sea. All three basins meet at the Drmanska glava peak on the Crnoljeva mountain in central Kosovo, which represents the water divide of Serbia and the major one in the Balkans, as it divides three out of the Balkan's four drainage basins (the fourth being the Ionian Sea). Response: All rivers in Serbia belong to the drainage basins of three seas: Black Sea, Adriatic Sea or Aegean Sea. The largest in area, Black Sea drainage basin, covers an area of 81,261 km2 or 92% of the territory of Serbia. The entire basin is drained by only one river, the Danube, which flows into the Black Sea. All major rivers in Serbia, like Tisa, Sava, Velika Morava and Drina belong to it. The Adriatic Sea drainage basin covers an area of 4,500 km2 or 5% of territory of Serbia. It comprises the western half of the Kosovo and Metohija and it is mostly drained by one river, the White Drin, which in Albania meets the Black Drin to create the Drin river, which flows into the Adriatic Sea. Smaller portion of it is drained by Crni Kamen-Radika river in the extreme southern region of Gora, which also drains into Black Drin in North Macedonia. The Aegean Sea basin is the smallest in area, 2,650 km2 or 3% of the territory of Serbia, and covers the southern parts of Serbia, to the Macedonian and Bulgarian borders. It is drained by three rivers: Lepenac, Pcinja and Dragovistica. The first two flow into the Vardar river in North Macedonia, and the third flows into the Struma river in Bulgaria, and both of those rivers flow into the Aegean Sea. All three basins meet at the Drmanska glava peak on the Crnoljeva mountain in central Kosovo, which represents the water divide of Serbia and the major one in the Balkans, as it divides three out of the Balkan's four drainage basins (the fourth being the Ionian Sea).

Is social media good for you ?

There are conflicting views on the impact of social media. On the positive end, social media has enabled stronger connections between humans, democratized media creation and access and become a source of entertainment for millions around the world. On the negative end, it has fostered division between people with differing opinions, used as a means to spread misinformation, contributed to self-esteem issues stemming from mischaracterization of life and contributed towards productivity loss. In summary, it is safe to conclude that the benefits of social media outdo its negative impact.

creative_writing

Instruction: Is social media good for you ? Context: Response: There are conflicting views on the impact of social media. On the positive end, social media has enabled stronger connections between humans, democratized media creation and access and become a source of entertainment for millions around the world. On the negative end, it has fostered division between people with differing opinions, used as a means to spread misinformation, contributed to self-esteem issues stemming from mischaracterization of life and contributed towards productivity loss. In summary, it is safe to conclude that the benefits of social media outdo its negative impact.

Write a paragraph about the best things to do while vacationing in Palm Springs, California.

Palm Springs, California is a popular vacation destination for visitors from all over the world. It features a vibrant downtown shopping district and many opportunities for exploring the Sonoran Desert desert habitat. Visitors can enjoy a wide range of restaurant fare and many exciting attractions. The city is well known for its annual Modernism Week, when the city is packed with visitors touring the city's remarkable collection of mid-century modern homes and buildings. Throughout the surrounding Coachella Valley, visitors also have many options for golf, hiking, biking, and horseback riding. The city is surrounded by national parks and landmarks, and is about an hour's drive from one of the nation's most popular parks: Joshua Tree National Park.

creative_writing

Instruction: Write a paragraph about the best things to do while vacationing in Palm Springs, California. Context: Response: Palm Springs, California is a popular vacation destination for visitors from all over the world. It features a vibrant downtown shopping district and many opportunities for exploring the Sonoran Desert desert habitat. Visitors can enjoy a wide range of restaurant fare and many exciting attractions. The city is well known for its annual Modernism Week, when the city is packed with visitors touring the city's remarkable collection of mid-century modern homes and buildings. Throughout the surrounding Coachella Valley, visitors also have many options for golf, hiking, biking, and horseback riding. The city is surrounded by national parks and landmarks, and is about an hour's drive from one of the nation's most popular parks: Joshua Tree National Park.

which band sold the most albums of all time?

The Beatles. Perhaps unsurprisingly, British rock band The Beatles are top of the list for best-selling artists worldwide, with 183 million units certified sales. The Beatles were an English rock band, formed in Liverpool in 1960, that comprised John Lennon, Paul McCartney, George Harrison and Ringo Starr. They are regarded as the most influential band of all time and were integral to the development of 1960s counterculture and popular music's recognition as an art form.

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Instruction: which band sold the most albums of all time? Context: Response: The Beatles. Perhaps unsurprisingly, British rock band The Beatles are top of the list for best-selling artists worldwide, with 183 million units certified sales. The Beatles were an English rock band, formed in Liverpool in 1960, that comprised John Lennon, Paul McCartney, George Harrison and Ringo Starr. They are regarded as the most influential band of all time and were integral to the development of 1960s counterculture and popular music's recognition as an art form.

Who wrote the book "The 7 Habits of Highly Effective Families" ?

Stephen R. Covey

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Instruction: Who wrote the book "The 7 Habits of Highly Effective Families" ? Context: Response: Stephen R. Covey

Tell if these are sports done in water, on land or both: triathlon, biathlon, water polo, sailing, crew, beach volleyball, basketball

Triathlon is done on both land and water, biathlon is done on land, water polo is done in water, sailing is done in water, crew is done in water, beach volleyball is done on land and basketball is done on land

classification

Instruction: Tell if these are sports done in water, on land or both: triathlon, biathlon, water polo, sailing, crew, beach volleyball, basketball Context: Response: Triathlon is done on both land and water, biathlon is done on land, water polo is done in water, sailing is done in water, crew is done in water, beach volleyball is done on land and basketball is done on land

How many species of Stingrays are there?

Stingrays are a group of sea rays, which are cartilaginous fish related to sharks. They are classified in the suborder Myliobatoidei of the order Myliobatiformes and consist of eight families: Hexatrygonidae (sixgill stingray), Plesiobatidae (deepwater stingray), Urolophidae (stingarees), Urotrygonidae (round rays), Dasyatidae (whiptail stingrays), Potamotrygonidae (river stingrays), Gymnuridae (butterfly rays) and Myliobatidae (eagle rays). There are about 220 known stingray species organized into 29 genera.

There are about 220 known stingray species organized into 29 genera.

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Instruction: How many species of Stingrays are there? Context: Stingrays are a group of sea rays, which are cartilaginous fish related to sharks. They are classified in the suborder Myliobatoidei of the order Myliobatiformes and consist of eight families: Hexatrygonidae (sixgill stingray), Plesiobatidae (deepwater stingray), Urolophidae (stingarees), Urotrygonidae (round rays), Dasyatidae (whiptail stingrays), Potamotrygonidae (river stingrays), Gymnuridae (butterfly rays) and Myliobatidae (eagle rays). There are about 220 known stingray species organized into 29 genera. Response: There are about 220 known stingray species organized into 29 genera.

Should I become an influencer?

It is important to consider several factors when thinking about becoming an influencer. Influencers usually have a defined niche, and can make up to six figures or more creating content about it. However, at least in the beginning, your income will likely not come in a steady manner, and you may even be investing more into getting set up than you may be earning in return. The work happens in a freelance manner - if you like setting your own schedule this could appeal to you, but the flip side would be that your work bleeds more into your weekends and evenings. Some people also would love the idea of pursuing their hobbies and interest full time, but when they have to treat it as their job, soon become disenchanted. In summary, your decision to become an influencer should be based on your financial situation, risk tolerance, and personal working style and interests.

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Instruction: Should I become an influencer? Context: Response: It is important to consider several factors when thinking about becoming an influencer. Influencers usually have a defined niche, and can make up to six figures or more creating content about it. However, at least in the beginning, your income will likely not come in a steady manner, and you may even be investing more into getting set up than you may be earning in return. The work happens in a freelance manner - if you like setting your own schedule this could appeal to you, but the flip side would be that your work bleeds more into your weekends and evenings. Some people also would love the idea of pursuing their hobbies and interest full time, but when they have to treat it as their job, soon become disenchanted. In summary, your decision to become an influencer should be based on your financial situation, risk tolerance, and personal working style and interests.

Extract all the academic degrees from the text

Schmidt was born in Falls Church, Virginia, and grew up in Falls Church and Blacksburg, Virginia. He is one of three sons of Eleanor, who had a master's degree in psychology, and Wilson Emerson Schmidt, a professor of international economics at Virginia Tech and Johns Hopkins University, who worked at the U.S. Treasury Department during the Nixon Administration. Schmidt spent part of his childhood in Italy as a result of his father's work and has stated that it had changed his outlook. Schmidt graduated from Yorktown High School in the Yorktown neighborhood of Arlington County, Virginia, in 1972, after earning eight varsity letter awards in long-distance running. He attended Princeton University, starting as an architecture major and switching to electrical engineering, earning a Bachelor of Science in Engineering degree in 1976. From 1976 to 1980, Schmidt resided at the International House Berkeley, where he met his future wife, Wendy Boyle. In 1979, at the University of California, Berkeley, Schmidt earned an M.S. degree for designing and implementing a network (Berknet) linking the campus computer center with the CS and EECS departments. There, he also earned a PhD degree in 1982 in EECS, with a dissertation about the problems of managing distributed software development and tools for solving these problems.

Master's Degree in Psychology Bachelor of Science in Engineering Master's of Science PhD in EECS

information_extraction

Instruction: Extract all the academic degrees from the text Context: Schmidt was born in Falls Church, Virginia, and grew up in Falls Church and Blacksburg, Virginia. He is one of three sons of Eleanor, who had a master's degree in psychology, and Wilson Emerson Schmidt, a professor of international economics at Virginia Tech and Johns Hopkins University, who worked at the U.S. Treasury Department during the Nixon Administration. Schmidt spent part of his childhood in Italy as a result of his father's work and has stated that it had changed his outlook. Schmidt graduated from Yorktown High School in the Yorktown neighborhood of Arlington County, Virginia, in 1972, after earning eight varsity letter awards in long-distance running. He attended Princeton University, starting as an architecture major and switching to electrical engineering, earning a Bachelor of Science in Engineering degree in 1976. From 1976 to 1980, Schmidt resided at the International House Berkeley, where he met his future wife, Wendy Boyle. In 1979, at the University of California, Berkeley, Schmidt earned an M.S. degree for designing and implementing a network (Berknet) linking the campus computer center with the CS and EECS departments. There, he also earned a PhD degree in 1982 in EECS, with a dissertation about the problems of managing distributed software development and tools for solving these problems. Response: Master's Degree in Psychology Bachelor of Science in Engineering Master's of Science PhD in EECS

What is an excavator?

An excavator is a heavy equipment machine that is used for moving large amount of earth at one time. They have a boom and a huge bucket attached to them and are essentially a huge shovel used to prepare the ground for huge construction projects. John Deere is one company that produces excavators.

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Instruction: What is an excavator? Context: Response: An excavator is a heavy equipment machine that is used for moving large amount of earth at one time. They have a boom and a huge bucket attached to them and are essentially a huge shovel used to prepare the ground for huge construction projects. John Deere is one company that produces excavators.

What qualifies an animal as a monotreme?

A monotreme is a mammal that lays eggs. This is uncommon as there are only two mammals, the echidnas and platypus, that do so. The majority of mammals give placenta birth, with another minority of mammals, known as marsupials, give birth to a fetus-like embryo which is dependent of mother's teat to provide nourishment until fully developed.

classification

Instruction: What qualifies an animal as a monotreme? Context: Response: A monotreme is a mammal that lays eggs. This is uncommon as there are only two mammals, the echidnas and platypus, that do so. The majority of mammals give placenta birth, with another minority of mammals, known as marsupials, give birth to a fetus-like embryo which is dependent of mother's teat to provide nourishment until fully developed.

What is the best private Jesuit research university in Boston ?

Boston College (BC) is a private Jesuit research university in Chestnut Hill, Massachusetts. Founded in 1863, the university has more than 9,300 full-time undergraduates and nearly 5,000 graduate students. Although Boston College is classified as an R1 research university, it still uses the word "college" in its name to reflect its historical position as a small liberal arts college. Its main campus is a historic district and features some of the earliest examples of collegiate gothic architecture in North America. In accordance with its Jesuit heritage, the university offers a liberal arts curriculum with a distinct emphasis on formative education and service to others. Undergraduate admission is highly selective. The university offers bachelor's degrees, master's degrees, and doctoral degrees through its eight colleges and schools: Morrissey College of Arts & Sciences, Carroll School of Management, Lynch School of Education and Human Development, Connell School of Nursing, Graduate School of Social Work, Boston College Law School, Boston College School of Theology and Ministry, Woods College of Advancing Studies. Boston College athletic teams are the Eagles. Their colors are maroon and gold and their mascot is Baldwin the Eagle. The Eagles compete in NCAA Division I as members of the Atlantic Coast Conference in all sports offered by the ACC. The men's and women's ice hockey teams compete in Hockey East. Boston College's men's ice hockey team has won five national championships. Alumni and affiliates of the university include governors, ambassadors, members of Congress, scholars, writers, medical researchers, Hollywood actors, and professional athletes. Boston College has graduated 3 Rhodes, 22 Truman, and more than 171 Fulbright scholars. Other notable alumni include a U.S. Speaker of the House, a U.S. Secretary of State, and chief executives of Fortune 500 companies.

Boston College is the best Jesuit private university in Boston.

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Instruction: What is the best private Jesuit research university in Boston ? Context: Boston College (BC) is a private Jesuit research university in Chestnut Hill, Massachusetts. Founded in 1863, the university has more than 9,300 full-time undergraduates and nearly 5,000 graduate students. Although Boston College is classified as an R1 research university, it still uses the word "college" in its name to reflect its historical position as a small liberal arts college. Its main campus is a historic district and features some of the earliest examples of collegiate gothic architecture in North America. In accordance with its Jesuit heritage, the university offers a liberal arts curriculum with a distinct emphasis on formative education and service to others. Undergraduate admission is highly selective. The university offers bachelor's degrees, master's degrees, and doctoral degrees through its eight colleges and schools: Morrissey College of Arts & Sciences, Carroll School of Management, Lynch School of Education and Human Development, Connell School of Nursing, Graduate School of Social Work, Boston College Law School, Boston College School of Theology and Ministry, Woods College of Advancing Studies. Boston College athletic teams are the Eagles. Their colors are maroon and gold and their mascot is Baldwin the Eagle. The Eagles compete in NCAA Division I as members of the Atlantic Coast Conference in all sports offered by the ACC. The men's and women's ice hockey teams compete in Hockey East. Boston College's men's ice hockey team has won five national championships. Alumni and affiliates of the university include governors, ambassadors, members of Congress, scholars, writers, medical researchers, Hollywood actors, and professional athletes. Boston College has graduated 3 Rhodes, 22 Truman, and more than 171 Fulbright scholars. Other notable alumni include a U.S. Speaker of the House, a U.S. Secretary of State, and chief executives of Fortune 500 companies. Response: Boston College is the best Jesuit private university in Boston.

Given this reference text, how was the cheeseburger invented?

By the late 19th century, the vast grasslands of the Great Plains had been opened up for cattle ranching. This made it possible for many Americans to consume beef almost daily. The hamburger remains as one of the cheapest sources of beef in America. Adding cheese to hamburgers became popular in 1920. There are several competing claims as to who created the first cheeseburger. Lionel Sternberger is reputed to have introduced the cheeseburger in 1924 at the age of 16. He was working as a fry cook at his father's Pasadena, California sandwich shop, "The Rite Spot", and "experimentally dropped a slab of American cheese on a sizzling hamburger." An early example of the cheeseburger appearing on a menu is a 1928 menu for the Los Angeles restaurant O'Dell's which listed a cheeseburger smothered with chili for 25 cents. Other restaurants also claim to have invented the cheeseburger. For example, Kaelin's Restaurant in Louisville, Kentucky, said it invented the cheeseburger in 1934. One year later, a trademark for the name "cheeseburger" was awarded to Louis Ballast of the Humpty Dumpty Drive-In in Denver, Colorado. According to Steak 'n Shake archives, the restaurant's founder, Gus Belt, applied for a trademark on the word in the 1930s. An A&W Restaurants franchise in Lansing, Michigan is credited with inventing the bacon cheeseburger in 1963, putting it on the menu after repeated requests from the same customer. The steamed cheeseburger, a variation almost exclusively served in central Connecticut, is believed to have been invented at a restaurant called Jack's Lunch in Middletown, Connecticut, in the 1930s. The largest cheeseburger ever made weighed 2,014 pounds (914 kg). It is said to have included "60 pounds (27 kg) of bacon, 50 pounds (23 kg) of lettuce, 50 pounds (23 kg) of sliced onions, 40 pounds (18 kg) of pickles, and 40 pounds (18 kg) of cheese." This record was set in 2012 by Minnesota's Black Bear Casino, smashing the previous record of 881 pounds (400 kg). In the United States, National Cheeseburger Day is celebrated annually on September 18.

The cheeseburger was invented after the late 19th century after the vast grasslands of the Great Plains opened up for cattle ranching. Once this happened Americans consumed meat daily of which ground beef/hamburger meat was the most affordable. In 1920, adding cheese to the hamburger meat popular. It is said that Lionel Sternberger invented the cheeseburger in 1924 while working at his father's sandwich shop.

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Instruction: Given this reference text, how was the cheeseburger invented? Context: By the late 19th century, the vast grasslands of the Great Plains had been opened up for cattle ranching. This made it possible for many Americans to consume beef almost daily. The hamburger remains as one of the cheapest sources of beef in America. Adding cheese to hamburgers became popular in 1920. There are several competing claims as to who created the first cheeseburger. Lionel Sternberger is reputed to have introduced the cheeseburger in 1924 at the age of 16. He was working as a fry cook at his father's Pasadena, California sandwich shop, "The Rite Spot", and "experimentally dropped a slab of American cheese on a sizzling hamburger." An early example of the cheeseburger appearing on a menu is a 1928 menu for the Los Angeles restaurant O'Dell's which listed a cheeseburger smothered with chili for 25 cents. Other restaurants also claim to have invented the cheeseburger. For example, Kaelin's Restaurant in Louisville, Kentucky, said it invented the cheeseburger in 1934. One year later, a trademark for the name "cheeseburger" was awarded to Louis Ballast of the Humpty Dumpty Drive-In in Denver, Colorado. According to Steak 'n Shake archives, the restaurant's founder, Gus Belt, applied for a trademark on the word in the 1930s. An A&W Restaurants franchise in Lansing, Michigan is credited with inventing the bacon cheeseburger in 1963, putting it on the menu after repeated requests from the same customer. The steamed cheeseburger, a variation almost exclusively served in central Connecticut, is believed to have been invented at a restaurant called Jack's Lunch in Middletown, Connecticut, in the 1930s. The largest cheeseburger ever made weighed 2,014 pounds (914 kg). It is said to have included "60 pounds (27 kg) of bacon, 50 pounds (23 kg) of lettuce, 50 pounds (23 kg) of sliced onions, 40 pounds (18 kg) of pickles, and 40 pounds (18 kg) of cheese." This record was set in 2012 by Minnesota's Black Bear Casino, smashing the previous record of 881 pounds (400 kg). In the United States, National Cheeseburger Day is celebrated annually on September 18. Response: The cheeseburger was invented after the late 19th century after the vast grasslands of the Great Plains opened up for cattle ranching. Once this happened Americans consumed meat daily of which ground beef/hamburger meat was the most affordable. In 1920, adding cheese to the hamburger meat popular. It is said that Lionel Sternberger invented the cheeseburger in 1924 while working at his father's sandwich shop.

Given the reference text, where would I be able to find The Oath of Leo III?

The Oath of Leo III is a painting by the workshop of the Italian renaissance artist Raphael. The painting was part of Raphael's commission to decorate the rooms that are now known as the Stanze di Raffaello, in the Apostolic Palace in the Vatican. It is located in the room that was named after The Fire in the Borgo, the Stanza dell'incendio del Borgo. In the fresco, Pope Leo III is seen during the trial on December 23 AD 800 during which he was brought face to face with the nephews of his predecessor Pope Hadrian I, who had accused him of misconduct. The assembled bishops declared that they could not judge the pope, after which Leo took an oath of purgation of his own free will.

The Oath of Leo III, painted by Raphael, can be found in the Apostolic Palace in the Vatican.

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Instruction: Given the reference text, where would I be able to find The Oath of Leo III? Context: The Oath of Leo III is a painting by the workshop of the Italian renaissance artist Raphael. The painting was part of Raphael's commission to decorate the rooms that are now known as the Stanze di Raffaello, in the Apostolic Palace in the Vatican. It is located in the room that was named after The Fire in the Borgo, the Stanza dell'incendio del Borgo. In the fresco, Pope Leo III is seen during the trial on December 23 AD 800 during which he was brought face to face with the nephews of his predecessor Pope Hadrian I, who had accused him of misconduct. The assembled bishops declared that they could not judge the pope, after which Leo took an oath of purgation of his own free will. Response: The Oath of Leo III, painted by Raphael, can be found in the Apostolic Palace in the Vatican.

When is an object considered a planet?

To be considered a planet the object must have an orbit around a sun, have enough mass to form a mostly round shape, and must be the dominant gravitational force in the area with no other similarly sized objects that are not orbiting the object in question.

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Instruction: When is an object considered a planet? Context: Response: To be considered a planet the object must have an orbit around a sun, have enough mass to form a mostly round shape, and must be the dominant gravitational force in the area with no other similarly sized objects that are not orbiting the object in question.

Please extract the names of each of the Second City Theatre venues in which Chris Farley was a cast member, separated by commas.

Christopher Crosby Farley was born on February 15, 1964, in Madison, Wisconsin, and grew up in Maple Bluff. His father, Thomas John Farley Sr. (1936–99), owned an oil company, and his mother, Mary Anne (née Crosby), was a homemaker. He had four siblings: Tom Jr., Kevin, John, and Barbara. His cousin, Jim, is chief executive officer at Ford Motor Company. The Farleys are Irish Catholics. Chris attended parochial schools in Madison, including Edgewood High School of the Sacred Heart. According to Joel Murray, a fellow Second City cast member, Chris would "always make it to Mass." Many of his summers were spent as a camper and counselor at Red Arrow Camp, near Minocqua, Wisconsin. He graduated from Marquette University in 1986, with a double major in communications and theater. At Marquette, he played rugby union and discovered a love of comedy. After college, he worked with his father at the Scotch Oil Company in Madison. He first learned the art of improvisational comedy at the Ark Improv Theatre in Madison. Farley made his way to Chicago, performing first at Improv Olympic. He then attended Chicago's Second City Theatre, starting the same day as Stephen Colbert, initially as part of Second City's touring group. He was eventually promoted to their main stage in 1989, and was a cast member of three revues, The Gods Must Be Lazy, It Was Thirty Years Ago Today, and Flag Smoking Permitted in Lobby Only or Censorama.

The Gods Must Be Lazy, It Was Thirty Years Ago Today, Flag Smoking Permitted in Lobby Only or Censorama

information_extraction

Instruction: Please extract the names of each of the Second City Theatre venues in which Chris Farley was a cast member, separated by commas. Context: Christopher Crosby Farley was born on February 15, 1964, in Madison, Wisconsin, and grew up in Maple Bluff. His father, Thomas John Farley Sr. (1936–99), owned an oil company, and his mother, Mary Anne (née Crosby), was a homemaker. He had four siblings: Tom Jr., Kevin, John, and Barbara. His cousin, Jim, is chief executive officer at Ford Motor Company. The Farleys are Irish Catholics. Chris attended parochial schools in Madison, including Edgewood High School of the Sacred Heart. According to Joel Murray, a fellow Second City cast member, Chris would "always make it to Mass." Many of his summers were spent as a camper and counselor at Red Arrow Camp, near Minocqua, Wisconsin. He graduated from Marquette University in 1986, with a double major in communications and theater. At Marquette, he played rugby union and discovered a love of comedy. After college, he worked with his father at the Scotch Oil Company in Madison. He first learned the art of improvisational comedy at the Ark Improv Theatre in Madison. Farley made his way to Chicago, performing first at Improv Olympic. He then attended Chicago's Second City Theatre, starting the same day as Stephen Colbert, initially as part of Second City's touring group. He was eventually promoted to their main stage in 1989, and was a cast member of three revues, The Gods Must Be Lazy, It Was Thirty Years Ago Today, and Flag Smoking Permitted in Lobby Only or Censorama. Response: The Gods Must Be Lazy, It Was Thirty Years Ago Today, Flag Smoking Permitted in Lobby Only or Censorama

Give me a list of the 10 closest airports to San Francisco ?

- San Francisco International Airport (SFO) - Oakland Internaltional Airport - San Carlos Airport - Hayward Executive Airport - Half Moon Bay Airport - San Rafael Airport - Paolo Alto Airport - San Jose Mineta International Airport - Buchanan Field Airport - Reid-Hilview County Airport

brainstorming

Instruction: Give me a list of the 10 closest airports to San Francisco ? Context: Response: - San Francisco International Airport (SFO) - Oakland Internaltional Airport - San Carlos Airport - Hayward Executive Airport - Half Moon Bay Airport - San Rafael Airport - Paolo Alto Airport - San Jose Mineta International Airport - Buchanan Field Airport - Reid-Hilview County Airport

When and where was John Barrett born?

John Henry Barrett MBE (21 July 1913 – 9 February 1999) was a pioneering conservationist, author and broadcaster, who was the first Warden at Dale Fort Field Centre in Pembrokeshire. Barrett was born in King's Lynn, Norfolk. He read Economics and Geography at Cambridge University.

He was born in 1913 in King's Lynn, Norfolk.

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Instruction: When and where was John Barrett born? Context: John Henry Barrett MBE (21 July 1913 – 9 February 1999) was a pioneering conservationist, author and broadcaster, who was the first Warden at Dale Fort Field Centre in Pembrokeshire. Barrett was born in King's Lynn, Norfolk. He read Economics and Geography at Cambridge University. Response: He was born in 1913 in King's Lynn, Norfolk.

Given these paragraphs about Asperger syndrome, what are typical interventions that help improve the person's ability to function in the everyday world?

Asperger syndrome (AS), also known as Asperger's, is a neurodevelopmental condition characterized by significant difficulties in social interaction and nonverbal communication, along with restricted and repetitive patterns of behaviour and interests. The syndrome is no longer recognised as a diagnosis in itself, having been merged with other conditions into autism spectrum disorder (ASD). It was considered to differ from other diagnoses that were merged into ASD by relatively unimpaired spoken language and intelligence. The syndrome was named after the Austrian pediatrician Hans Asperger, who, in 1944, described children in his care who struggled to form friendships, did not understand others' gestures or feelings, engaged in one-sided conversations about their favourite interests, and were clumsy. In 1994, the diagnosis of Asperger's was included in the fourth edition (DSM-IV) of the American Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders; however, with the publication of DSM-5 in 2013 the syndrome was removed, and the symptoms are now included within autism spectrum disorder along with classic autism and pervasive developmental disorder not otherwise specified (PDD-NOS). It was similarly merged into autism spectrum disorder in the International Classification of Diseases (ICD-11) as of 2021. The exact cause of Asperger's is poorly understood. While it has high heritability, the underlying genetics have not been determined conclusively. Environmental factors are also believed to play a role. Brain imaging has not identified a common underlying condition. There is no single treatment, and the UK's National Health Service (NHS) guidelines suggest that 'treatment' of any form of autism should not be a goal, since autism is not 'a disease that can be removed or cured'. According to the Royal College of Psychiatrists, while co-occurring conditions might require treatment, 'management of autism itself is chiefly about the provision of the education, training and social support/care required to improve the person's ability to function in the everyday world'. The effectiveness of particular interventions for autism is supported by only limited data. Interventions may include social skills training, cognitive behavioral therapy, physical therapy, speech therapy, parent training, and medications for associated problems, such as mood or anxiety. Autistic characteristics tend to become less obvious in adulthood, but social and communication difficulties usually persist. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asperger_syndrome

Interventions may include social skills training, cognitive behavioral therapy, physical therapy, speech therapy, parent training, and medications for associated problems, such as mood or anxiety.

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Instruction: Given these paragraphs about Asperger syndrome, what are typical interventions that help improve the person's ability to function in the everyday world? Context: Asperger syndrome (AS), also known as Asperger's, is a neurodevelopmental condition characterized by significant difficulties in social interaction and nonverbal communication, along with restricted and repetitive patterns of behaviour and interests. The syndrome is no longer recognised as a diagnosis in itself, having been merged with other conditions into autism spectrum disorder (ASD). It was considered to differ from other diagnoses that were merged into ASD by relatively unimpaired spoken language and intelligence. The syndrome was named after the Austrian pediatrician Hans Asperger, who, in 1944, described children in his care who struggled to form friendships, did not understand others' gestures or feelings, engaged in one-sided conversations about their favourite interests, and were clumsy. In 1994, the diagnosis of Asperger's was included in the fourth edition (DSM-IV) of the American Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders; however, with the publication of DSM-5 in 2013 the syndrome was removed, and the symptoms are now included within autism spectrum disorder along with classic autism and pervasive developmental disorder not otherwise specified (PDD-NOS). It was similarly merged into autism spectrum disorder in the International Classification of Diseases (ICD-11) as of 2021. The exact cause of Asperger's is poorly understood. While it has high heritability, the underlying genetics have not been determined conclusively. Environmental factors are also believed to play a role. Brain imaging has not identified a common underlying condition. There is no single treatment, and the UK's National Health Service (NHS) guidelines suggest that 'treatment' of any form of autism should not be a goal, since autism is not 'a disease that can be removed or cured'. According to the Royal College of Psychiatrists, while co-occurring conditions might require treatment, 'management of autism itself is chiefly about the provision of the education, training and social support/care required to improve the person's ability to function in the everyday world'. The effectiveness of particular interventions for autism is supported by only limited data. Interventions may include social skills training, cognitive behavioral therapy, physical therapy, speech therapy, parent training, and medications for associated problems, such as mood or anxiety. Autistic characteristics tend to become less obvious in adulthood, but social and communication difficulties usually persist. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asperger_syndrome Response: Interventions may include social skills training, cognitive behavioral therapy, physical therapy, speech therapy, parent training, and medications for associated problems, such as mood or anxiety.

Who was Yogi Bear named after?

He was named after baseball legend Yogi Berra

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Instruction: Who was Yogi Bear named after? Context: Response: He was named after baseball legend Yogi Berra

What is the Summary of this page?

Franklin Edson (April 5, 1832 – September 24, 1904) was an American merchant who served as the 85th Mayor of New York from 1883 to 1884. Early life Edson was born in Chester, Vermont on April 5, 1832, where his father had a farm. A descendant of the Puritans, he was the son of Soviah (née Wilson) Edson and Opher Edson. He was educated at the local schools and at the Chester Academy in Vermont. Career Business At age twenty, Edson moved to Albany to work in his brother Cyrus' distillery, becoming a partner three years later. He left the distillery after his brother's death and started a produce business, which he relocated to New York City in 1866. His venture proved successful during the American Civil War, making Edson wealthy and enabling him to engage in civic, religious and charitable causes. He was an active Episcopalian and a member of Saint James Church, Fordham, in the Bronx. In 1873, he became one of the city's most important business leaders when he was appointed President of the New York Produce Exchange. Politics An anti-Tammany Democrat, in 1882 he was nominated for Mayor through the efforts of Tammany Hall boss John Murphy to avoid a Democratic Party split between organization loyalists and reformers. Upon taking office in 1883, he angered reformers by appointing Tammany men to key jobs, but he soon embraced civil service reform and other honest government measures. During his term the Brooklyn Bridge was dedicated, the Manhattan Municipal Building was constructed, and work was completed on the city's new water supply, the Croton Aqueduct. He appointed the commission responsible for the selection and location of public lands for parks in the Bronx, which came to include Van Cortlandt, Bronx, Pelham Bay, Crotona, Claremont and St. Mary's Parks, and the Mosholu, Bronx River, Pelham, and Crotona Parkways. After Edson split with Tammany the 1884 Democratic nomination for Mayor went to William Russell Grace, who had also preceded Edson as Mayor, and Edson retired from politics at the completion of his term in 1885. After leaving the mayor's office, Edson returned to his business interests and continued his philanthropic activities. Personal life In 1856, Edson was married to Frances Cameron "Fannie" Wood (1835–1893), the daughter of Benjamin Howland Wood. Fannie was the granddaughter of Jethro Wood, inventor of the cast-iron moldboard plow. They owned a homestead in Morris Heights, Bronx that consisted of three acres, a stately residence, stable and barn, which he exchanged for 247 Central Park West, two doors south of the corner of 85th Street, in 1893. Together, Fannie and Franklin were the parents of: Cyrus Edson (1857–1903), a doctor who married Virginia Churchill Paige (1853–1891). He served as the President of the Board of Health. Franklin (1859-1926), who married Elsie Squier. David Orr Edson (1862–1923), a doctor. Henry Townsend Edson (1864–1903), who married Margarita Diehl. In 1903, Henry Edson murdered his friend's wife and then committed suicide. Edith Edson (b. 1870), who married Willis Benner. Robert S. (1873-1941), who married Fanny Ropes. Ethel Townsend Edson (b. 1877), who married Arthur Hoffman Van Brunt (b. 1865). He died at his home in Manhattan on September 24, 1904. He was buried in Section 15, Lot 16 at Albany Rural Cemetery, Menands, New York. Legacy Edson Avenue in The Bronx is named for him.

Franklin Edson is a former Mayor of New York. He started a produce business and became one of the city's most important business leaders. Later, he joined politics as an anti-Tammany Democrat and became the mayor of New York in 1883. He led the effort for public lands for parks in the Bronx. He was married to Frances Cameron "Fannie" Wood and they had 7 children.

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Instruction: What is the Summary of this page? Context: Franklin Edson (April 5, 1832 – September 24, 1904) was an American merchant who served as the 85th Mayor of New York from 1883 to 1884. Early life Edson was born in Chester, Vermont on April 5, 1832, where his father had a farm. A descendant of the Puritans, he was the son of Soviah (née Wilson) Edson and Opher Edson. He was educated at the local schools and at the Chester Academy in Vermont. Career Business At age twenty, Edson moved to Albany to work in his brother Cyrus' distillery, becoming a partner three years later. He left the distillery after his brother's death and started a produce business, which he relocated to New York City in 1866. His venture proved successful during the American Civil War, making Edson wealthy and enabling him to engage in civic, religious and charitable causes. He was an active Episcopalian and a member of Saint James Church, Fordham, in the Bronx. In 1873, he became one of the city's most important business leaders when he was appointed President of the New York Produce Exchange. Politics An anti-Tammany Democrat, in 1882 he was nominated for Mayor through the efforts of Tammany Hall boss John Murphy to avoid a Democratic Party split between organization loyalists and reformers. Upon taking office in 1883, he angered reformers by appointing Tammany men to key jobs, but he soon embraced civil service reform and other honest government measures. During his term the Brooklyn Bridge was dedicated, the Manhattan Municipal Building was constructed, and work was completed on the city's new water supply, the Croton Aqueduct. He appointed the commission responsible for the selection and location of public lands for parks in the Bronx, which came to include Van Cortlandt, Bronx, Pelham Bay, Crotona, Claremont and St. Mary's Parks, and the Mosholu, Bronx River, Pelham, and Crotona Parkways. After Edson split with Tammany the 1884 Democratic nomination for Mayor went to William Russell Grace, who had also preceded Edson as Mayor, and Edson retired from politics at the completion of his term in 1885. After leaving the mayor's office, Edson returned to his business interests and continued his philanthropic activities. Personal life In 1856, Edson was married to Frances Cameron "Fannie" Wood (1835–1893), the daughter of Benjamin Howland Wood. Fannie was the granddaughter of Jethro Wood, inventor of the cast-iron moldboard plow. They owned a homestead in Morris Heights, Bronx that consisted of three acres, a stately residence, stable and barn, which he exchanged for 247 Central Park West, two doors south of the corner of 85th Street, in 1893. Together, Fannie and Franklin were the parents of: Cyrus Edson (1857–1903), a doctor who married Virginia Churchill Paige (1853–1891). He served as the President of the Board of Health. Franklin (1859-1926), who married Elsie Squier. David Orr Edson (1862–1923), a doctor. Henry Townsend Edson (1864–1903), who married Margarita Diehl. In 1903, Henry Edson murdered his friend's wife and then committed suicide. Edith Edson (b. 1870), who married Willis Benner. Robert S. (1873-1941), who married Fanny Ropes. Ethel Townsend Edson (b. 1877), who married Arthur Hoffman Van Brunt (b. 1865). He died at his home in Manhattan on September 24, 1904. He was buried in Section 15, Lot 16 at Albany Rural Cemetery, Menands, New York. Legacy Edson Avenue in The Bronx is named for him. Response: Franklin Edson is a former Mayor of New York. He started a produce business and became one of the city's most important business leaders. Later, he joined politics as an anti-Tammany Democrat and became the mayor of New York in 1883. He led the effort for public lands for parks in the Bronx. He was married to Frances Cameron "Fannie" Wood and they had 7 children.

What affects tiredness?

There are many factors which affect tiredness, including, but not limited to, amount of quality sleep, neurological state, nutrition, and both physical and mental health issues. It is extremely important to seek professional medical advice for tiredness if it is severely impacting your lifestyle and health.

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Instruction: What affects tiredness? Context: Response: There are many factors which affect tiredness, including, but not limited to, amount of quality sleep, neurological state, nutrition, and both physical and mental health issues. It is extremely important to seek professional medical advice for tiredness if it is severely impacting your lifestyle and health.

What is The Silmarillion?

The Silmarillion (Quenya: [silmaˈrilliɔn]) is a collection of myths[T 1] and stories in varying styles by the English writer J. R. R. Tolkien. It was edited and published posthumously by his son Christopher Tolkien in 1977, assisted by the fantasy author Guy Gavriel Kay.[T 2] It tells of Eä, a fictional universe that includes the Blessed Realm of Valinor, the once-great region of Beleriand, the sunken island of Númenor, and the continent of Middle-earth, where Tolkien's most popular works—The Hobbit and The Lord of the Rings—are set. After the success of The Hobbit, Tolkien's publisher Stanley Unwin requested a sequel, and Tolkien offered a draft of the writings that would later become The Silmarillion. Unwin rejected this proposal, calling the draft obscure and "too Celtic", so Tolkien began working on a new story that eventually became The Lord of the Rings.

The Silmarillion (Quenya: [silmaˈrilliɔn]) is a collection of myths[T 1] and stories in varying styles by the English writer J. R. R. Tolkien. It was edited and published posthumously by his son Christopher Tolkien in 1977, assisted by the fantasy author Guy Gavriel Kay.[T 2] It tells of Eä, a fictional universe that includes the Blessed Realm of Valinor, the once-great region of Beleriand, the sunken island of Númenor, and the continent of Middle-earth, where Tolkien's most popular works—The Hobbit and The Lord of the Rings—are set. After the success of The Hobbit, Tolkien's publisher Stanley Unwin requested a sequel, and Tolkien offered a draft of the writings that would later become The Silmarillion. Unwin rejected this proposal, calling the draft obscure and "too Celtic", so Tolkien began working on a new story that eventually became The Lord of the Rings. The Silmarillion has five parts. The first, Ainulindalë, tells in mythic style of the creation of Eä, the "world that is." The second part, Valaquenta, gives a description of the Valar and Maiar, supernatural powers of Eä. The next section, Quenta Silmarillion, which forms the bulk of the collection, chronicles the history of the events before and during the First Age, including the wars over three jewels, the Silmarils, that gave the book its title. The fourth part, Akallabêth, relates the history of the Downfall of Númenor and its people, which takes place in the Second Age. The final part, Of the Rings of Power and the Third Age, is a brief summary of the events of The Lord of the Rings and those that led to them. The book shows the influence of many sources, including the Finnish epic Kalevala, Greek mythology in the lost island of Atlantis (as Númenor) and the Olympian gods (in the shape of the Valar, though these also resemble the Norse Æsir). Because J. R. R. Tolkien died leaving his legendarium unedited, Christopher Tolkien selected and edited materials to tell the story from start to end. In a few cases, this meant that he had to devise completely new material, within the tenor of his father's thought, to resolve gaps and inconsistencies in the narrative, particularly Chapter 22, "Of the Ruin of Doriath". The Silmarillion received a generally poor reception on publication. Scholars found the work problematic, not least because the book is a construction, not authorised by Tolkien himself, from the large corpus of documents and drafts also called "The Silmarillion". Scholars have noted that Tolkien intended the work to be a mythology, penned by many hands, and redacted by a fictional editor, whether Ælfwine or Bilbo Baggins. As such, the scholar Gergely Nagy considers that the fact that the work has indeed been edited actually realises Tolkien's intention.

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Instruction: What is The Silmarillion? Context: The Silmarillion (Quenya: [silmaˈrilliɔn]) is a collection of myths[T 1] and stories in varying styles by the English writer J. R. R. Tolkien. It was edited and published posthumously by his son Christopher Tolkien in 1977, assisted by the fantasy author Guy Gavriel Kay.[T 2] It tells of Eä, a fictional universe that includes the Blessed Realm of Valinor, the once-great region of Beleriand, the sunken island of Númenor, and the continent of Middle-earth, where Tolkien's most popular works—The Hobbit and The Lord of the Rings—are set. After the success of The Hobbit, Tolkien's publisher Stanley Unwin requested a sequel, and Tolkien offered a draft of the writings that would later become The Silmarillion. Unwin rejected this proposal, calling the draft obscure and "too Celtic", so Tolkien began working on a new story that eventually became The Lord of the Rings. Response: The Silmarillion (Quenya: [silmaˈrilliɔn]) is a collection of myths[T 1] and stories in varying styles by the English writer J. R. R. Tolkien. It was edited and published posthumously by his son Christopher Tolkien in 1977, assisted by the fantasy author Guy Gavriel Kay.[T 2] It tells of Eä, a fictional universe that includes the Blessed Realm of Valinor, the once-great region of Beleriand, the sunken island of Númenor, and the continent of Middle-earth, where Tolkien's most popular works—The Hobbit and The Lord of the Rings—are set. After the success of The Hobbit, Tolkien's publisher Stanley Unwin requested a sequel, and Tolkien offered a draft of the writings that would later become The Silmarillion. Unwin rejected this proposal, calling the draft obscure and "too Celtic", so Tolkien began working on a new story that eventually became The Lord of the Rings. The Silmarillion has five parts. The first, Ainulindalë, tells in mythic style of the creation of Eä, the "world that is." The second part, Valaquenta, gives a description of the Valar and Maiar, supernatural powers of Eä. The next section, Quenta Silmarillion, which forms the bulk of the collection, chronicles the history of the events before and during the First Age, including the wars over three jewels, the Silmarils, that gave the book its title. The fourth part, Akallabêth, relates the history of the Downfall of Númenor and its people, which takes place in the Second Age. The final part, Of the Rings of Power and the Third Age, is a brief summary of the events of The Lord of the Rings and those that led to them. The book shows the influence of many sources, including the Finnish epic Kalevala, Greek mythology in the lost island of Atlantis (as Númenor) and the Olympian gods (in the shape of the Valar, though these also resemble the Norse Æsir). Because J. R. R. Tolkien died leaving his legendarium unedited, Christopher Tolkien selected and edited materials to tell the story from start to end. In a few cases, this meant that he had to devise completely new material, within the tenor of his father's thought, to resolve gaps and inconsistencies in the narrative, particularly Chapter 22, "Of the Ruin of Doriath". The Silmarillion received a generally poor reception on publication. Scholars found the work problematic, not least because the book is a construction, not authorised by Tolkien himself, from the large corpus of documents and drafts also called "The Silmarillion". Scholars have noted that Tolkien intended the work to be a mythology, penned by many hands, and redacted by a fictional editor, whether Ælfwine or Bilbo Baggins. As such, the scholar Gergely Nagy considers that the fact that the work has indeed been edited actually realises Tolkien's intention.

What is PHP?

PHP is a general-purpose scripting language geared toward web development.

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Instruction: What is PHP? Context: Response: PHP is a general-purpose scripting language geared toward web development.

FATF was established in which year?

FATF was established in the year 1989

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Instruction: FATF was established in which year? Context: Response: FATF was established in the year 1989

What ages are considered newborn, toddler, child and teenager?

A newborn is typically from birth to 1 year old. A toddler is 1-5. A child is 5-12. A teenager is 12-18.

classification

Instruction: What ages are considered newborn, toddler, child and teenager? Context: Response: A newborn is typically from birth to 1 year old. A toddler is 1-5. A child is 5-12. A teenager is 12-18.

Are the following books fantasy or science fiction: Red Mars, The City We Became, The Three-Body Problem, the Harry Potter series, A Game of Thrones, Dune, The Fifth Season.

These books are science fiction: Red Mars, The Three-Body Problem, and Dune, because they involve space travel and life on other planets. In addition, Red Mars and The Three-Body Problem include discussions of hard science. These books are fantasy: The City We Became, the Harry Potter series, and A Game of Thrones, because they involve magic and beings with supernatural powers. In addition, A Game of Thrones takes place in a different world that is not related to space travel. The Fifth Season is considered "science fantasy", because it includes elements of both science fiction and fantasy. It takes place on a planet that is not Earth, but is not reached by space travel. Some of its characters have special powers. However, the plot depends on the hard science of plate tectonics.

classification

Instruction: Are the following books fantasy or science fiction: Red Mars, The City We Became, The Three-Body Problem, the Harry Potter series, A Game of Thrones, Dune, The Fifth Season. Context: Response: These books are science fiction: Red Mars, The Three-Body Problem, and Dune, because they involve space travel and life on other planets. In addition, Red Mars and The Three-Body Problem include discussions of hard science. These books are fantasy: The City We Became, the Harry Potter series, and A Game of Thrones, because they involve magic and beings with supernatural powers. In addition, A Game of Thrones takes place in a different world that is not related to space travel. The Fifth Season is considered "science fantasy", because it includes elements of both science fiction and fantasy. It takes place on a planet that is not Earth, but is not reached by space travel. Some of its characters have special powers. However, the plot depends on the hard science of plate tectonics.

What is Inflation?

Inflation is the rate of increase in the prices of goods and services over a specified period of time. A high inflation value would represent greater increase in the prices of goods and commodities leading to lower value of the currency over-time.

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Instruction: What is Inflation? Context: Response: Inflation is the rate of increase in the prices of goods and services over a specified period of time. A high inflation value would represent greater increase in the prices of goods and commodities leading to lower value of the currency over-time.

Was Tyler Thompson a diplomat

Tyler Thompson (1907–2002) was an American Ambassador to Finland and Iceland. He also served as the Director General of the Foreign Service. Tyler entered the Foreign Service in 1931 after graduating from Princeton University.

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Instruction: Was Tyler Thompson a diplomat Context: Response: Tyler Thompson (1907–2002) was an American Ambassador to Finland and Iceland. He also served as the Director General of the Foreign Service. Tyler entered the Foreign Service in 1931 after graduating from Princeton University.

What foods are commonly eaten with ketchup?

Ketchup or catsup is a table condiment with a sweet and sour flavor. The unmodified term ("ketchup") now typically refers to tomato ketchup, although early recipes used egg whites, mushrooms, oysters, grapes, mussels, or walnuts, among other ingredients. Tomato ketchup is made from tomatoes, sugar, and vinegar, with seasonings and spices. The spices and flavors vary, but commonly include onions, allspice, coriander, cloves, cumin, garlic, and mustard, and sometimes include celery, cinnamon, or ginger.[citation needed] The market leader in the United States (60% market share) and the United Kingdom (82%) is Heinz Tomato Ketchup. Tomato ketchup is most often used as a condiment to dishes that are usually served hot and are fried or greasy: french fries and other potato dishes, hamburgers, hot dogs, chicken tenders, hot sandwiches, meat pies, cooked eggs, and grilled or fried meat. Ketchup is sometimes used as the basis for, or as one ingredient in, other sauces and dressings, and the flavor may be replicated as an additive flavoring for snacks, such as potato chips.

Ketchup is often used with french fries and other potato dishes, hamburgers, hot dogs, chicken tenders, hot sandwiches, meat pies, cooked eggs, grilled or fried meat and as an ingredient for salad dressing and sauces.

summarization

Instruction: What foods are commonly eaten with ketchup? Context: Ketchup or catsup is a table condiment with a sweet and sour flavor. The unmodified term ("ketchup") now typically refers to tomato ketchup, although early recipes used egg whites, mushrooms, oysters, grapes, mussels, or walnuts, among other ingredients. Tomato ketchup is made from tomatoes, sugar, and vinegar, with seasonings and spices. The spices and flavors vary, but commonly include onions, allspice, coriander, cloves, cumin, garlic, and mustard, and sometimes include celery, cinnamon, or ginger.[citation needed] The market leader in the United States (60% market share) and the United Kingdom (82%) is Heinz Tomato Ketchup. Tomato ketchup is most often used as a condiment to dishes that are usually served hot and are fried or greasy: french fries and other potato dishes, hamburgers, hot dogs, chicken tenders, hot sandwiches, meat pies, cooked eggs, and grilled or fried meat. Ketchup is sometimes used as the basis for, or as one ingredient in, other sauces and dressings, and the flavor may be replicated as an additive flavoring for snacks, such as potato chips. Response: Ketchup is often used with french fries and other potato dishes, hamburgers, hot dogs, chicken tenders, hot sandwiches, meat pies, cooked eggs, grilled or fried meat and as an ingredient for salad dressing and sauces.

According to this paragraph about UVA, what happens to a student who commits an offense from the honor system?

The nation's first codified honor system was instituted by UVA law professor Henry St. George Tucker, Sr. in 1842, after a fellow professor was shot to death on The Lawn. There are three tenets to the system: students simply must not lie, cheat, or steal. For its first 180 years it was a "single sanction system", meaning that committing any of these three offenses would result in expulsion from the university. In the spring of 2022, following decades of criticism and waning support for the system, a proposal to replace the penalty of expulsion with a two semester suspension passed a student referendum with over 80% of the vote and took effect immediately.

As of spring 2022, students who commit an offense of the Honor System at UVA face a two semester suspension.

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Instruction: According to this paragraph about UVA, what happens to a student who commits an offense from the honor system? Context: The nation's first codified honor system was instituted by UVA law professor Henry St. George Tucker, Sr. in 1842, after a fellow professor was shot to death on The Lawn. There are three tenets to the system: students simply must not lie, cheat, or steal. For its first 180 years it was a "single sanction system", meaning that committing any of these three offenses would result in expulsion from the university. In the spring of 2022, following decades of criticism and waning support for the system, a proposal to replace the penalty of expulsion with a two semester suspension passed a student referendum with over 80% of the vote and took effect immediately. Response: As of spring 2022, students who commit an offense of the Honor System at UVA face a two semester suspension.

Which is a species of fish? Mola mola or Molar

Mola mola

classification

Instruction: Which is a species of fish? Mola mola or Molar Context: Response: Mola mola

What are the 13 departments and main communities of France's administrative region of Occitania?

Geography Occitania is the second-largest region in mainland France, covering an area of 72,724 km2 (28,079 sq mi); it has a population of 5,845,102 (2017). It has a Mediterranean coast on the southeast and is neighboured by Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur on the east, Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes on the northeast and Nouvelle-Aquitaine on the west and northwest, as well as foreign borders of Andorra (Canillo, Encamp, La Massana, Ordino) and Spain (Aragon and Catalonia) on the south. Departments Code Arms 1 Department Prefecture Named after Population (2017) 09 Coat of arms of department 09 Ariège Foix Ariège River 153,153 11 Coat of arms of department 11 Aude Carcassonne Aude River 370,260 12 Coat of arms of department 12 Aveyron Rodez Aveyron River 279,206 30 Coat of arms of department 30 Gard Nîmes Gardon River 744,178 31 Coat of arms of department 31 Haute-Garonne Toulouse Garonne River 1,362,672 32 Coat of arms of department 32 Gers Auch Gers River 191,091 34 Coat of arms of department 34 Hérault Montpellier Hérault River 1,144,892 46 Coat of arms of department 46 Lot Cahors Lot River 173,828 48 Coat of arms of department 48 Lozère Mende Mont Lozère 76,601 65 Coat of arms of department 65 Hautes-Pyrénées Tarbes Pyrenees 228,530 66 Coat of arms of department 66 Pyrénées-Orientales Perpignan Pyrenees 474,452 81 Coat of arms of department 81 Tarn Albi Tarn River 387,890 82 Coat of arms of department 82 Tarn-et-Garonne Montauban Tarn River and Garonne River 258,349 Major communities Toulouse, Occitania's prefecture and largest city The Pont du Gard from the Roman Era, one of Occitanie's main landmarks and tourist attractions The largest communes of Occitania are (population as of 2017: Toulouse (479,553) Montpellier (285,121) Nîmes (150,610) Perpignan (120,158) Béziers (77,177) Montauban (60,810) Narbonne (54,700) Albi (50,759) Carcassonne (47,365)

The 13 Departments of Occitania are: - Ariège - Aude - Aveyron - Gard - Haute-Garonne - Gers - Hérault - Lot - Lozère - Hautes-Pyrénées - Pyrénées-Orientales - Tarn - Tarn-et-Garonne The main communities located within Occitania are: - Toulouse (population: 479,553) - Montpellier (population: 285,121) - Nîmes (population: 150,610) - Perpignan (population: 120,158) - Béziers (population: 77,177) - Montauban (population: 60,810) - Narbonne (population: 54,700) - Albi (population: 50,759) - Carcassonne (population: 47,365)

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Instruction: What are the 13 departments and main communities of France's administrative region of Occitania? Context: Geography Occitania is the second-largest region in mainland France, covering an area of 72,724 km2 (28,079 sq mi); it has a population of 5,845,102 (2017). It has a Mediterranean coast on the southeast and is neighboured by Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur on the east, Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes on the northeast and Nouvelle-Aquitaine on the west and northwest, as well as foreign borders of Andorra (Canillo, Encamp, La Massana, Ordino) and Spain (Aragon and Catalonia) on the south. Departments Code Arms 1 Department Prefecture Named after Population (2017) 09 Coat of arms of department 09 Ariège Foix Ariège River 153,153 11 Coat of arms of department 11 Aude Carcassonne Aude River 370,260 12 Coat of arms of department 12 Aveyron Rodez Aveyron River 279,206 30 Coat of arms of department 30 Gard Nîmes Gardon River 744,178 31 Coat of arms of department 31 Haute-Garonne Toulouse Garonne River 1,362,672 32 Coat of arms of department 32 Gers Auch Gers River 191,091 34 Coat of arms of department 34 Hérault Montpellier Hérault River 1,144,892 46 Coat of arms of department 46 Lot Cahors Lot River 173,828 48 Coat of arms of department 48 Lozère Mende Mont Lozère 76,601 65 Coat of arms of department 65 Hautes-Pyrénées Tarbes Pyrenees 228,530 66 Coat of arms of department 66 Pyrénées-Orientales Perpignan Pyrenees 474,452 81 Coat of arms of department 81 Tarn Albi Tarn River 387,890 82 Coat of arms of department 82 Tarn-et-Garonne Montauban Tarn River and Garonne River 258,349 Major communities Toulouse, Occitania's prefecture and largest city The Pont du Gard from the Roman Era, one of Occitanie's main landmarks and tourist attractions The largest communes of Occitania are (population as of 2017: Toulouse (479,553) Montpellier (285,121) Nîmes (150,610) Perpignan (120,158) Béziers (77,177) Montauban (60,810) Narbonne (54,700) Albi (50,759) Carcassonne (47,365) Response: The 13 Departments of Occitania are: - Ariège - Aude - Aveyron - Gard - Haute-Garonne - Gers - Hérault - Lot - Lozère - Hautes-Pyrénées - Pyrénées-Orientales - Tarn - Tarn-et-Garonne The main communities located within Occitania are: - Toulouse (population: 479,553) - Montpellier (population: 285,121) - Nîmes (population: 150,610) - Perpignan (population: 120,158) - Béziers (population: 77,177) - Montauban (population: 60,810) - Narbonne (population: 54,700) - Albi (population: 50,759) - Carcassonne (population: 47,365)

What is retail banking?

Retail banking, also known as consumer banking or personal banking, is the provision of services by a bank to the general public, rather than to companies, corporations or other banks, which are often described as wholesale banking. Banking services which are regarded as retail include provision of savings and transactional accounts, mortgages, personal loans, debit cards, and credit cards. Retail banking is also distinguished from investment banking or commercial banking. It may also refer to a division or department of a bank which deals with individual customers. In the U.S., the term commercial bank is used for a normal bank to distinguish it from an investment bank. After the Great Depression, the Glass–Steagall Act restricted normal banks to banking activities, and investment banks to capital market activities. That distinction was repealed in the 1990s. Commercial bank can also refer to a bank or a division of a bank that deals mostly with deposits and loans from corporations or large businesses, as opposed to individual members of the public (retail banking).

open_qa

Instruction: What is retail banking? Context: Response: Retail banking, also known as consumer banking or personal banking, is the provision of services by a bank to the general public, rather than to companies, corporations or other banks, which are often described as wholesale banking. Banking services which are regarded as retail include provision of savings and transactional accounts, mortgages, personal loans, debit cards, and credit cards. Retail banking is also distinguished from investment banking or commercial banking. It may also refer to a division or department of a bank which deals with individual customers. In the U.S., the term commercial bank is used for a normal bank to distinguish it from an investment bank. After the Great Depression, the Glass–Steagall Act restricted normal banks to banking activities, and investment banks to capital market activities. That distinction was repealed in the 1990s. Commercial bank can also refer to a bank or a division of a bank that deals mostly with deposits and loans from corporations or large businesses, as opposed to individual members of the public (retail banking).

Was Samuel Wesley the founder of the Methodist Church?

Samuel Wesley (24 February 1766 – 11 October 1837) was an English organist and composer in the late Georgian period. Wesley was a contemporary of Mozart (1756–1791) and was called by some "the English Mozart". Born in Bristol, he was the son of noted Methodist and hymnodist Charles Wesley, the grandson of Samuel Wesley (a poet of the late Stuart period) and the nephew of John Wesley, the founder of the Methodist Church.

No, John Wesley, his uncle, was the founder of the Methodist Church.

information_extraction

Instruction: Was Samuel Wesley the founder of the Methodist Church? Context: Samuel Wesley (24 February 1766 – 11 October 1837) was an English organist and composer in the late Georgian period. Wesley was a contemporary of Mozart (1756–1791) and was called by some "the English Mozart". Born in Bristol, he was the son of noted Methodist and hymnodist Charles Wesley, the grandson of Samuel Wesley (a poet of the late Stuart period) and the nephew of John Wesley, the founder of the Methodist Church. Response: No, John Wesley, his uncle, was the founder of the Methodist Church.

What is a Rhapsa scotosialis

Rhapsa scotosialis, the slender owlet moth, is a moth of the family Noctuidae. This species is endemic to New Zealand and is found throughout the country. It is regarded as one of the most common forest moths found in New Zealand. The larval host species for R. scotosialis is Piper excelsum.

A Rhapsa scotosialis, the slender owlet moth, is a moth of the family Noctuidae. This species is endemic to New Zealand and is found throughout the country. It is regarded as one of the most common forest moths found in New Zealand. The larval host species for R. scotosialis is Piper excelsum.

summarization

Instruction: What is a Rhapsa scotosialis Context: Rhapsa scotosialis, the slender owlet moth, is a moth of the family Noctuidae. This species is endemic to New Zealand and is found throughout the country. It is regarded as one of the most common forest moths found in New Zealand. The larval host species for R. scotosialis is Piper excelsum. Response: A Rhapsa scotosialis, the slender owlet moth, is a moth of the family Noctuidae. This species is endemic to New Zealand and is found throughout the country. It is regarded as one of the most common forest moths found in New Zealand. The larval host species for R. scotosialis is Piper excelsum.

Name some television shows that were popular on Nickelodeon in the 1990s.

Rugrats, Clarissa Explains it All, Are You Afraid of the Dark?, Aaahh!!! Real Monsters, Hey Dude, The Wild Thornberries, Rocko's Modern Life

open_qa

Instruction: Name some television shows that were popular on Nickelodeon in the 1990s. Context: Response: Rugrats, Clarissa Explains it All, Are You Afraid of the Dark?, Aaahh!!! Real Monsters, Hey Dude, The Wild Thornberries, Rocko's Modern Life

Which of these are cities and which are countries: Paris, Argentina, Mountain View, Singapore, America, Cape Town

Paris, Mountain View and Cape Town are cities. Argentina and America are countries. Singapore is the name of both a city and a country.

classification

Instruction: Which of these are cities and which are countries: Paris, Argentina, Mountain View, Singapore, America, Cape Town Context: Response: Paris, Mountain View and Cape Town are cities. Argentina and America are countries. Singapore is the name of both a city and a country.

Write a story about getting stuck on a train

The subway suddenly stops. I groan in frustration. I have been waiting for months to go to this particular art exhibit that happens once a year and now I’m going to be late. I tap my foot out of impatience. Minutes pass by and the train becomes loud with angry passengers. I slip away to the emptier part of the train. I need to call my friends stating I will be late. I search for my phone in my bag but I could not find it. I think I forgot it at home. I look around to see if I could borrow anyone's phone. I walk up to the person in the seat across from me. “Excuse me is there any possible chance I could borrow your phone?” I question “There's no use calling anyone down here. There’s no signal,” She responds “Thank you anyway,” I say and walk back to my seat in defeat. I look out the window to see that the conductor's part of the subway is gone. I start to panic, my mind looking at all the worst possible scenarios. Did anyone else notice? I sit in silence for a few minutes not knowing what will happen next. “Where’s the conductor's car?” Someone yells out. The entire subway goes crazy. I continue to look out the window to block everyone out. I am lost in my daydreaming until I see a crack appear on the wall. I jump up. The crack begins to spread and spread. Water starts to pour out, suddenly I’m not the only one who noticed it anymore. Everyone is stunned. Clearly thinking of the same thing I’m thinking of. We are going to drown. I watch in fear as the water is spreading more quickly and it soon covers the subway floor. I managed to hop on a chair in time but others weren't as lucky as me. It begins to reach up to the chairs. The water seems to never stop pouring in. I then see another light, it’s firemen in a special train car. I am close to the exit door so I was one of the first ones evacuated.

creative_writing

Instruction: Write a story about getting stuck on a train Context: Response: The subway suddenly stops. I groan in frustration. I have been waiting for months to go to this particular art exhibit that happens once a year and now I’m going to be late. I tap my foot out of impatience. Minutes pass by and the train becomes loud with angry passengers. I slip away to the emptier part of the train. I need to call my friends stating I will be late. I search for my phone in my bag but I could not find it. I think I forgot it at home. I look around to see if I could borrow anyone's phone. I walk up to the person in the seat across from me. “Excuse me is there any possible chance I could borrow your phone?” I question “There's no use calling anyone down here. There’s no signal,” She responds “Thank you anyway,” I say and walk back to my seat in defeat. I look out the window to see that the conductor's part of the subway is gone. I start to panic, my mind looking at all the worst possible scenarios. Did anyone else notice? I sit in silence for a few minutes not knowing what will happen next. “Where’s the conductor's car?” Someone yells out. The entire subway goes crazy. I continue to look out the window to block everyone out. I am lost in my daydreaming until I see a crack appear on the wall. I jump up. The crack begins to spread and spread. Water starts to pour out, suddenly I’m not the only one who noticed it anymore. Everyone is stunned. Clearly thinking of the same thing I’m thinking of. We are going to drown. I watch in fear as the water is spreading more quickly and it soon covers the subway floor. I managed to hop on a chair in time but others weren't as lucky as me. It begins to reach up to the chairs. The water seems to never stop pouring in. I then see another light, it’s firemen in a special train car. I am close to the exit door so I was one of the first ones evacuated.

Tell me all the different ways I could eat an orange.

You could slice it in circles. You could cut it into cubes and add it to a fruit salad. You could juice it. You could rip it apart with your hands and eat with your teeth while showering. You could peel it first and eat segment by segment.

brainstorming

Instruction: Tell me all the different ways I could eat an orange. Context: Response: You could slice it in circles. You could cut it into cubes and add it to a fruit salad. You could juice it. You could rip it apart with your hands and eat with your teeth while showering. You could peel it first and eat segment by segment.

Give me a bulleted list of reasons why Lionel Messi is the best soccer player of all time.

The following are reasons why Lionel Messi is the best soccer player: 1. He has won 7 Ballon d'Or awards 2. He has won 4 Champions League titles 3. He won the World Cup 4. He won the Copa America 5. He has over 800 goals and over 300 assists in his career

brainstorming

Instruction: Give me a bulleted list of reasons why Lionel Messi is the best soccer player of all time. Context: Response: The following are reasons why Lionel Messi is the best soccer player: 1. He has won 7 Ballon d'Or awards 2. He has won 4 Champions League titles 3. He won the World Cup 4. He won the Copa America 5. He has over 800 goals and over 300 assists in his career

Name three countries where Arabic is the official language.

Arabic is the official language of Egypt, Lebanon, and Jordan.

open_qa

Instruction: Name three countries where Arabic is the official language. Context: Response: Arabic is the official language of Egypt, Lebanon, and Jordan.

Who owns ITV?

The history of ITV, the United Kingdom "Independent Television" commercial network, goes back to 1955. Independent Television began as a network of independently-owned regional companies that were both broadcasters and programme makers, beginning with four companies operating six stations in three large regions in 1955–1956, and gradually expanding to 17 stations in 14 regions by 1962. Each regional station was responsible for its own branding, scheduling and advertising, with many peak-time programmes shared simultaneously across the whole network. By 29 February 2016, 12 regions in England and Wales shared national ITV branding and scheduling, and, together with a 13th region UTV in Northern Ireland, were owned by a single company, ITV plc. A further two regions in Scotland carry STV branding and are owned by the STV Group.

ITV plc owns all 13 ITV regions in England and Wales as well as UTV in Northern Ireland. STV Group owns the STV region in Scotland.

information_extraction

Instruction: Who owns ITV? Context: The history of ITV, the United Kingdom "Independent Television" commercial network, goes back to 1955. Independent Television began as a network of independently-owned regional companies that were both broadcasters and programme makers, beginning with four companies operating six stations in three large regions in 1955–1956, and gradually expanding to 17 stations in 14 regions by 1962. Each regional station was responsible for its own branding, scheduling and advertising, with many peak-time programmes shared simultaneously across the whole network. By 29 February 2016, 12 regions in England and Wales shared national ITV branding and scheduling, and, together with a 13th region UTV in Northern Ireland, were owned by a single company, ITV plc. A further two regions in Scotland carry STV branding and are owned by the STV Group. Response: ITV plc owns all 13 ITV regions in England and Wales as well as UTV in Northern Ireland. STV Group owns the STV region in Scotland.

Who is the author of Harry Potter?

J.K. Rowling is the British author of the seven-volume Harry Potter series

open_qa

Instruction: Who is the author of Harry Potter? Context: Response: J.K. Rowling is the British author of the seven-volume Harry Potter series

What famous character did William B. Davis portray?

William B. Davis, a Canadian actor, portrayed the Cigarette Smoking Man on the popular sci-fi show, "The X-Files." The Cigarette Smoking Man, also known as CSM and C.G.B. Spender, was an antagonist responsible for many global conspiracies surrounding the existence of extraterrestrial life. He is also the biological father of Special Agent Fox Mulder, Special Agent Jeffrey Spender, and Jackson Van De Kamp (also known as William Scully III).

open_qa

Instruction: What famous character did William B. Davis portray? Context: Response: William B. Davis, a Canadian actor, portrayed the Cigarette Smoking Man on the popular sci-fi show, "The X-Files." The Cigarette Smoking Man, also known as CSM and C.G.B. Spender, was an antagonist responsible for many global conspiracies surrounding the existence of extraterrestrial life. He is also the biological father of Special Agent Fox Mulder, Special Agent Jeffrey Spender, and Jackson Van De Kamp (also known as William Scully III).

Classify the below companies on whether they belong to India or Taiwan - HDFC Bank, Infosys, Taiwan Semiconductor Manufacturing Company, Pegatron

HDFC Bank, Infosys - India Taiwan Semiconductor Manufacturing Company, Pegatron - Taiwan

classification

Instruction: Classify the below companies on whether they belong to India or Taiwan - HDFC Bank, Infosys, Taiwan Semiconductor Manufacturing Company, Pegatron Context: Response: HDFC Bank, Infosys - India Taiwan Semiconductor Manufacturing Company, Pegatron - Taiwan

What year was Genghis Khan born?

Genghis Khan was born in the year 1162.

open_qa

Instruction: What year was Genghis Khan born? Context: Response: Genghis Khan was born in the year 1162.

Which phrases are French and which words are English: mon frère, c'est la vie, good morning, what's up, break the ice, bite the bullet, and je suis désolé.

The French phrases are: mon frère, c'est la vie, and je suis désolé. The English phrases are: good morning, what's up, break the ice, and bite the bullet.

classification

Instruction: Which phrases are French and which words are English: mon frère, c'est la vie, good morning, what's up, break the ice, bite the bullet, and je suis désolé. Context: Response: The French phrases are: mon frère, c'est la vie, and je suis désolé. The English phrases are: good morning, what's up, break the ice, and bite the bullet.

What is the most common spoken language in the world?

Chinese

open_qa

Instruction: What is the most common spoken language in the world? Context: Response: Chinese

Tell me whether this is a list of flowers or trees: oak, aspen, fir, maple, and redwood.

These are trees rather than flowers.

classification

Instruction: Tell me whether this is a list of flowers or trees: oak, aspen, fir, maple, and redwood. Context: Response: These are trees rather than flowers.

Who are some of the most influential innovators of all time?

Thomas Edison. Steve Jobs Nikola Tesla Bill Gates Benjamin Franklin Leonardo Da Vinci Alexander Graham Bell Sandford Fleming

brainstorming

Instruction: Who are some of the most influential innovators of all time? Context: Response: Thomas Edison. Steve Jobs Nikola Tesla Bill Gates Benjamin Franklin Leonardo Da Vinci Alexander Graham Bell Sandford Fleming

What is a NFT?

A non-fungible token (NFT) is a unique digital identifier that cannot be copied, substituted, or subdivided, that is recorded in a blockchain, and that is used to certify ownership and authenticity. The ownership of an NFT is recorded in the blockchain and can be transferred by the owner, allowing NFTs to be sold and traded. NFTs can be created by anybody, and require few or no coding skills to create. NFTs typically contain references to digital files such as photos, videos, and audio. Because NFTs are uniquely identifiable assets, they differ from cryptocurrencies, which are fungible.

open_qa

Instruction: What is a NFT? Context: Response: A non-fungible token (NFT) is a unique digital identifier that cannot be copied, substituted, or subdivided, that is recorded in a blockchain, and that is used to certify ownership and authenticity. The ownership of an NFT is recorded in the blockchain and can be transferred by the owner, allowing NFTs to be sold and traded. NFTs can be created by anybody, and require few or no coding skills to create. NFTs typically contain references to digital files such as photos, videos, and audio. Because NFTs are uniquely identifiable assets, they differ from cryptocurrencies, which are fungible.

Summarize the argument and tell me who won

There was a dispute between Crosby and the sponsor over what theme tune should be used. Woodbury Soap and its agency, Lennon & Mitchell, considered that the tune ‘Loveliness’ which had always been the theme of the Woodbury programs should continue. Crosby argued that the logical theme for the stanza was "Where the Blue of the Night (Meets the Gold of the Day)", on the grounds that the song had been identified with him ever since he had been on the air. Eventually Woodbury conceded to the singer. Other problems arose with Dale Winbrow, who had been sent out to the West coast from New York by the Lennon & Mitchell agency to resolve the theme tune argument and supervise the show. Winbrow listened to the program that Crosby and Lennie Hayton had prepared for the next broadcast and was very critical of it. “The flare up that was provoked from Crosby wound up with the warbler and Hayton declaring themselves out of the show. The baritone’s management later prevailed upon him to hold on while the situation was being straightened out with the agency on the New York end.”

Crosby and the sponsor, Woodbury Soap, argued over what theme tune should be used. Woodbury Soap and its agency, Lennon & Mitchell, argued that ‘Loveliness’ should be chosen because it had always been used for Woodbury programs. Crosby disagreed and insisted that "Where the Blue of the Night (Meets the Gold of the Day)" would be better given that the song had been identified with him ever since he had been on the air. In the end, Crosby won the argument as Woodbury conceded to the singer.

information_extraction

Instruction: Summarize the argument and tell me who won Context: There was a dispute between Crosby and the sponsor over what theme tune should be used. Woodbury Soap and its agency, Lennon & Mitchell, considered that the tune ‘Loveliness’ which had always been the theme of the Woodbury programs should continue. Crosby argued that the logical theme for the stanza was "Where the Blue of the Night (Meets the Gold of the Day)", on the grounds that the song had been identified with him ever since he had been on the air. Eventually Woodbury conceded to the singer. Other problems arose with Dale Winbrow, who had been sent out to the West coast from New York by the Lennon & Mitchell agency to resolve the theme tune argument and supervise the show. Winbrow listened to the program that Crosby and Lennie Hayton had prepared for the next broadcast and was very critical of it. “The flare up that was provoked from Crosby wound up with the warbler and Hayton declaring themselves out of the show. The baritone’s management later prevailed upon him to hold on while the situation was being straightened out with the agency on the New York end.” Response: Crosby and the sponsor, Woodbury Soap, argued over what theme tune should be used. Woodbury Soap and its agency, Lennon & Mitchell, argued that ‘Loveliness’ should be chosen because it had always been used for Woodbury programs. Crosby disagreed and insisted that "Where the Blue of the Night (Meets the Gold of the Day)" would be better given that the song had been identified with him ever since he had been on the air. In the end, Crosby won the argument as Woodbury conceded to the singer.

Who are the best rappers in history?

Eminiem, Tupoc, Notorious BIG, Redman, Jay-Z, Andre 3000

brainstorming

Instruction: Who are the best rappers in history? Context: Response: Eminiem, Tupoc, Notorious BIG, Redman, Jay-Z, Andre 3000

I am about to have my third child under the age of 4. What car should I get that would fit my family of 5, 3 kids in car seats, a dog and the possibility of adding another child in a few years?

You should consider test driving and purchasing a minivan. With three children under the age of five, all of which are going to need to be in car seats for the foresee able future, the built in features of a minivan are going to fit your current and short term needs. They include, but are not limited to automatic side doors, automatic rear doors, front, backup, and in cabin cameras, in car vacuum, parking assist, cruise control, built-in sun shades, captain chairs with a removable middle seat and rear entertainment. A minivan can easily sit 8 adults or children comfortably. It is the perfect car for a family of five or more should your family grow.

creative_writing

Instruction: I am about to have my third child under the age of 4. What car should I get that would fit my family of 5, 3 kids in car seats, a dog and the possibility of adding another child in a few years? Context: Response: You should consider test driving and purchasing a minivan. With three children under the age of five, all of which are going to need to be in car seats for the foresee able future, the built in features of a minivan are going to fit your current and short term needs. They include, but are not limited to automatic side doors, automatic rear doors, front, backup, and in cabin cameras, in car vacuum, parking assist, cruise control, built-in sun shades, captain chairs with a removable middle seat and rear entertainment. A minivan can easily sit 8 adults or children comfortably. It is the perfect car for a family of five or more should your family grow.

What did Gertrude Townend do

Gertrude Catherine Townend was a British nurse and suffragette. She provided, with Nurse Catherine Pine, a care home for suffragettes recovering from imprisonment and force-feeding, and participated in suffragette gatherings.

open_qa

Instruction: What did Gertrude Townend do Context: Response: Gertrude Catherine Townend was a British nurse and suffragette. She provided, with Nurse Catherine Pine, a care home for suffragettes recovering from imprisonment and force-feeding, and participated in suffragette gatherings.

The following words describe 'active' or 'passive' types of engagement. Identify which are 'active' and which are 'passive': create, consume, participate, build, make, watch, listen, and lead.

'Active' words: create, lead, participate, make, build 'Passive' words: watch, consume, listen

classification

Instruction: The following words describe 'active' or 'passive' types of engagement. Identify which are 'active' and which are 'passive': create, consume, participate, build, make, watch, listen, and lead. Context: Response: 'Active' words: create, lead, participate, make, build 'Passive' words: watch, consume, listen

Which is a species of fish? Trahira or Tahini

Trahira

classification

Instruction: Which is a species of fish? Trahira or Tahini Context: Response: Trahira

Given a reference text about a snowball effect, tell me how it applies to aerospace engineering.

A snowball effect is a process that starts from an initial state of small significance and builds upon itself (an exacerbating feedback), becoming larger (graver, more serious), and also perhaps potentially dangerous or disastrous (a vicious circle), though it might be beneficial instead (a virtuous circle). This is a cliché in cartoons and modern theatrics, and it is also used in psychology. The common analogy is with the rolling of a snowball down a snow-covered hillside. As it rolls the ball will pick up more snow, gaining more mass and surface area, and picking up even more snow and momentum as it rolls along. In aerospace engineering, it is used to describe the multiplication effect in an original weight saving. A reduction in the weight of the fuselage will require less lift, meaning the wings can be smaller. Hence less thrust is required and therefore smaller engines, resulting in a greater weight saving than the original reduction. This iteration can be repeated several times, although the decrease in weight gives diminishing returns. The startup process of a feedback electronic oscillator, when power to the circuit is switched on, is a technical application of the snowball effect. Electronic noise is amplified by the oscillator circuit and returned to its input filtered to contain primarily the selected (desired) frequency, gradually getting stronger in each cycle, until a steady-state oscillation is established, when the circuit parameters satisfy the Barkhausen stability criterion.

The snowball effect is used to describe the multiplication effect in an original weight saving in aerospace engineering.

closed_qa

Instruction: Given a reference text about a snowball effect, tell me how it applies to aerospace engineering. Context: A snowball effect is a process that starts from an initial state of small significance and builds upon itself (an exacerbating feedback), becoming larger (graver, more serious), and also perhaps potentially dangerous or disastrous (a vicious circle), though it might be beneficial instead (a virtuous circle). This is a cliché in cartoons and modern theatrics, and it is also used in psychology. The common analogy is with the rolling of a snowball down a snow-covered hillside. As it rolls the ball will pick up more snow, gaining more mass and surface area, and picking up even more snow and momentum as it rolls along. In aerospace engineering, it is used to describe the multiplication effect in an original weight saving. A reduction in the weight of the fuselage will require less lift, meaning the wings can be smaller. Hence less thrust is required and therefore smaller engines, resulting in a greater weight saving than the original reduction. This iteration can be repeated several times, although the decrease in weight gives diminishing returns. The startup process of a feedback electronic oscillator, when power to the circuit is switched on, is a technical application of the snowball effect. Electronic noise is amplified by the oscillator circuit and returned to its input filtered to contain primarily the selected (desired) frequency, gradually getting stronger in each cycle, until a steady-state oscillation is established, when the circuit parameters satisfy the Barkhausen stability criterion. Response: The snowball effect is used to describe the multiplication effect in an original weight saving in aerospace engineering.

From the passage provided, extract the winter months in Andhra Pradesh. Separate them with a comma.

The climate of Andhra Pradesh varies considerably, depending on the geographical region. Summers last from March to June. In the coastal plain, the summer temperatures are generally higher than the rest of the state, with temperature ranging between 20 and 41 °C (68 and 106 °F). July to September is the season for tropical rains. About one-third of the total rainfall is brought by the northeast monsoon. October and November see low-pressure systems and tropical cyclones form in the Bay of Bengal which, along with the northeast monsoon, bring rains to the southern and coastal regions of the state. November, December, January, and February are the winter months in Andhra Pradesh. Since the state has a long coastal belt the winters are not very cold. The range of winter temperature is generally 12 to 30 °C (54 to 86 °F). Lambasingi in Visakhapatnam district is also nicknamed as the "Kashmir of Andhra Pradesh" due to its relatively cool climate as compared to others and the temperature ranges from 0 to 10 °C (32 to 50 °F).

November, December, January, February

information_extraction

Instruction: From the passage provided, extract the winter months in Andhra Pradesh. Separate them with a comma. Context: The climate of Andhra Pradesh varies considerably, depending on the geographical region. Summers last from March to June. In the coastal plain, the summer temperatures are generally higher than the rest of the state, with temperature ranging between 20 and 41 °C (68 and 106 °F). July to September is the season for tropical rains. About one-third of the total rainfall is brought by the northeast monsoon. October and November see low-pressure systems and tropical cyclones form in the Bay of Bengal which, along with the northeast monsoon, bring rains to the southern and coastal regions of the state. November, December, January, and February are the winter months in Andhra Pradesh. Since the state has a long coastal belt the winters are not very cold. The range of winter temperature is generally 12 to 30 °C (54 to 86 °F). Lambasingi in Visakhapatnam district is also nicknamed as the "Kashmir of Andhra Pradesh" due to its relatively cool climate as compared to others and the temperature ranges from 0 to 10 °C (32 to 50 °F). Response: November, December, January, February

Why did the population expand in Seattle in the 2000s?

A large job expansion in technology, with Microsoft and Amazon being high wage paying jobs and 10s of thousands of new employees

open_qa

Instruction: Why did the population expand in Seattle in the 2000s? Context: Response: A large job expansion in technology, with Microsoft and Amazon being high wage paying jobs and 10s of thousands of new employees

Please provide 5 different variants of served coffee

1. Cold Brew 2. Americano 3. Espresso 4. Latte 5. Cappuccino

brainstorming

Instruction: Please provide 5 different variants of served coffee Context: Response: 1. Cold Brew 2. Americano 3. Espresso 4. Latte 5. Cappuccino

Find all sports from this passage that use the term hat-trick.

The term first appeared in 1858 in cricket, to describe H. H. Stephenson taking three wickets with three consecutive deliveries. Fans held a collection for Stephenson, and presented him with a hat bought with the proceeds.[full citation needed] The term was used in print for the first time in 1865 in the Chelmsford Chronicle.[non-primary source needed] The term was eventually adopted by many other sports including hockey, association football, Formula 1 racing, rugby, and water polo.

Term hat-trick is primarily used in Cricket but is also adopted in hockey, association football, Formula 1 racing, rugby, and water polo.

information_extraction

Instruction: Find all sports from this passage that use the term hat-trick. Context: The term first appeared in 1858 in cricket, to describe H. H. Stephenson taking three wickets with three consecutive deliveries. Fans held a collection for Stephenson, and presented him with a hat bought with the proceeds.[full citation needed] The term was used in print for the first time in 1865 in the Chelmsford Chronicle.[non-primary source needed] The term was eventually adopted by many other sports including hockey, association football, Formula 1 racing, rugby, and water polo. Response: Term hat-trick is primarily used in Cricket but is also adopted in hockey, association football, Formula 1 racing, rugby, and water polo.

Why do people work?

People work for a number of reasons. To earn an income and to pay bills are a few reasons that come to mind. But some people do it simply because they enjoy it and are passionate about the career they are pursing.

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Instruction: Why do people work? Context: Response: People work for a number of reasons. To earn an income and to pay bills are a few reasons that come to mind. But some people do it simply because they enjoy it and are passionate about the career they are pursing.

Where are Himayalas located?

The Himalayas, or Himalaya (/ˌhɪməˈleɪ.ə, hɪˈmɑːləjə/; Sanskrit: [ɦɪmaːlɐjɐ]; from Sanskrit himá 'snow, frost', and ā-laya 'dwelling, abode'), is a mountain range in Asia, separating the plains of the Indian subcontinent from the Tibetan Plateau. The range has some of the planet's highest peaks, including the very highest, Mount Everest. Over 100 peaks exceeding 7,200 m (23,600 ft) in elevation lie in the Himalayas.

The Himalayan mountain range is located in South East Asia. It spans India, Pakistan and Nepal.

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Instruction: Where are Himayalas located? Context: The Himalayas, or Himalaya (/ˌhɪməˈleɪ.ə, hɪˈmɑːləjə/; Sanskrit: [ɦɪmaːlɐjɐ]; from Sanskrit himá 'snow, frost', and ā-laya 'dwelling, abode'), is a mountain range in Asia, separating the plains of the Indian subcontinent from the Tibetan Plateau. The range has some of the planet's highest peaks, including the very highest, Mount Everest. Over 100 peaks exceeding 7,200 m (23,600 ft) in elevation lie in the Himalayas. Response: The Himalayan mountain range is located in South East Asia. It spans India, Pakistan and Nepal.

What is Forest Park (Springfield, MA)?

Forest Park in Springfield, Massachusetts, is one of the largest urban, municipal parks in the United States, covering 735 acres (297 ha) of land overlooking the Connecticut River. Forest Park features a zoo, aquatic gardens, and outdoor amphitheater, in addition to design elements like winding wooded trails, and surprising, expansive views. The site of America's first public, municipal swimming pool, currently, during the holiday months Forest Park hosts a popular high-tech lighting display, known as Bright Nights. Contrary to popular belief, the park was not designed by Frederick Law Olmsted.

Forest Park is an urban park in Springfield, MA. It covers 735 acres and overlooks the Connecticut River. The park features a zoo, aquatic gardens, an outdoor amphitheater, as well as winding wooded trails and expansive views. Forest Park is the site of the first public municipal swimming pool in the US. During holiday months it hosts a high-tech lighting display known as Bright Nights.

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Instruction: What is Forest Park (Springfield, MA)? Context: Forest Park in Springfield, Massachusetts, is one of the largest urban, municipal parks in the United States, covering 735 acres (297 ha) of land overlooking the Connecticut River. Forest Park features a zoo, aquatic gardens, and outdoor amphitheater, in addition to design elements like winding wooded trails, and surprising, expansive views. The site of America's first public, municipal swimming pool, currently, during the holiday months Forest Park hosts a popular high-tech lighting display, known as Bright Nights. Contrary to popular belief, the park was not designed by Frederick Law Olmsted. Response: Forest Park is an urban park in Springfield, MA. It covers 735 acres and overlooks the Connecticut River. The park features a zoo, aquatic gardens, an outdoor amphitheater, as well as winding wooded trails and expansive views. Forest Park is the site of the first public municipal swimming pool in the US. During holiday months it hosts a high-tech lighting display known as Bright Nights.

What are some common ways to manage Type 1 Diabetes?

Two items are needed for successful management of Type 1 Diabetes. A way to monitor blood sugar levels and a way to administer insulin. Blood sugar monitoring is done either using a Continuous Glucose Monitor (CGM) device or with a blood sugar monitoring device where a small blood sample is required in order to measure the amount of sugar in the blood. The maintenance of glucose level in the body is regulated with insulin. Insulin can either be administered with a syringe or with an insulin pump.

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Instruction: What are some common ways to manage Type 1 Diabetes? Context: Response: Two items are needed for successful management of Type 1 Diabetes. A way to monitor blood sugar levels and a way to administer insulin. Blood sugar monitoring is done either using a Continuous Glucose Monitor (CGM) device or with a blood sugar monitoring device where a small blood sample is required in order to measure the amount of sugar in the blood. The maintenance of glucose level in the body is regulated with insulin. Insulin can either be administered with a syringe or with an insulin pump.

What books did Brene Brown write?

Brene Brown has written several books that are based around personal growth, vulnerability, and leadership. Some of the books she has written include The Gifts of Imperfection, Dare to Lead, Daring Greatly, Braving the Wilderness and I Thought It Was Me But It Wasn't

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Instruction: What books did Brene Brown write? Context: Response: Brene Brown has written several books that are based around personal growth, vulnerability, and leadership. Some of the books she has written include The Gifts of Imperfection, Dare to Lead, Daring Greatly, Braving the Wilderness and I Thought It Was Me But It Wasn't

Classify each of the following as either DC or Marvel characters: Superman, Mickey Mouse, Thor, Batwoman, Gamora, Scarlet Witch, Superman, Wonder Woman, Homer Simpson, Falcon, Moon Girl

DC Characters: Superman, Batwoman, Superman, Wonder Woman. Marvel Characters: Thor, Gamora, Scarlet Witch, Falcon, Moon Girl. Neither DC or Marvel: Mickey Mouse, Homer Simpson.

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Instruction: Classify each of the following as either DC or Marvel characters: Superman, Mickey Mouse, Thor, Batwoman, Gamora, Scarlet Witch, Superman, Wonder Woman, Homer Simpson, Falcon, Moon Girl Context: Response: DC Characters: Superman, Batwoman, Superman, Wonder Woman. Marvel Characters: Thor, Gamora, Scarlet Witch, Falcon, Moon Girl. Neither DC or Marvel: Mickey Mouse, Homer Simpson.

What does Thai Songkran festival represents and how many days does it last?

Songkran is a term derived from Sanskrit संक्रान्ति saṅkrānti meaning 'to move' or 'movement'. It derives from the movement of the sun from one position to another in the zodiac. According to its literal meaning in Sanskrit, a Songkran occurs every month. However, the period that Thai people refer to as Songkran happens when the sun moves from Pisces to Aries in the zodiac. The correct name for this period should actually be Maha Songkran ('great Songkran) because it coincides with the arrival of a New Year. The Songkran festival is, therefore, a celebration of the New Year in accordance with the solar calendar. The celebration covers a period of three days: 13 April is regarded as Maha Songkran, the day that the sun moves into Aries on the zodiac or the last day of the old year. The next day, 14 April is called Wan Nao, the transitional day between the old and the new years, and 15 April is called Wan Thaloeng Sok (Thai: วันเถลิงศก 'to begin a new era or year'), New Year's day itself.

Thai Songkran festival is a New Year celebration in Thailand according to solar calendar. Songkran happens when the sun moves from Pisces to Aries in the zodiac. The festival covers three days period from 13 April to 15 April.

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Instruction: What does Thai Songkran festival represents and how many days does it last? Context: Songkran is a term derived from Sanskrit संक्रान्ति saṅkrānti meaning 'to move' or 'movement'. It derives from the movement of the sun from one position to another in the zodiac. According to its literal meaning in Sanskrit, a Songkran occurs every month. However, the period that Thai people refer to as Songkran happens when the sun moves from Pisces to Aries in the zodiac. The correct name for this period should actually be Maha Songkran ('great Songkran) because it coincides with the arrival of a New Year. The Songkran festival is, therefore, a celebration of the New Year in accordance with the solar calendar. The celebration covers a period of three days: 13 April is regarded as Maha Songkran, the day that the sun moves into Aries on the zodiac or the last day of the old year. The next day, 14 April is called Wan Nao, the transitional day between the old and the new years, and 15 April is called Wan Thaloeng Sok (Thai: วันเถลิงศก 'to begin a new era or year'), New Year's day itself. Response: Thai Songkran festival is a New Year celebration in Thailand according to solar calendar. Songkran happens when the sun moves from Pisces to Aries in the zodiac. The festival covers three days period from 13 April to 15 April.