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按照手术方式不同，将入组患者分为VATS组和TOS组，两组术后VEGF水平均呈现先升高后下降的趋势，变化幅度以TOS组明显，但运用重复测量数据的方差分析，两组间变化趋势差异无统计学意义（F=2.022, P=0.163）。两组间各时间点VEGF水平比较，均未见明显统计学差异（P > 0.05）。VATS组及TOS组术后MMP-9水平均呈现逐渐升高的趋势，以TOS组明显，但两组间变化趋势比较无统计学差异（F=1.703, P=0.199）。两组间各时间点MMP-9水平比较，均未见明显统计学差异（P > 0.05）。 |
Patients with lumbar spine disease sometimes complain of nocturnal leg cramps, defined as acute, variable, and involuntary painful contractions of the muscles in the lower extremities. Leg cramps may affect populations ranging from the young athlete to the elderly (Young et al. 1989; Naylor and Young 1994; Dahle et al. 1995; Abdulla et al. 1999; Butler et al. 2002; Miller and Layzer 2005; Robertson et al. 2005; Shaker et al. 2005; Vinciguerra et al. 2006). Leg cramps are associated with neuromuscular diseases, diabetes, hyperthyroidism, hypertension, hypocalcaemia, hyperkalemia, vascular diseases, and some medications including diuretics, statins, and steroids (Abdulla et al. 1999; Kanaan and Sawaya 2001; Vinciguerra et al. 2006). Leg cramps are strongly related to lumbar spinal stenosis (LSS) and surgical interventions do not improve leg cramps in patients with LSS (Matsumoto et al. 2009). Consequently, leg cramps may be a chronic complaint of such patients, and continue to disturb their quality of life, even if the surgery was successful in treating their lumbar spine disease. |
The quality control of the study was carried out using the Consolidated Criteria for Reporting Qualitative Studies (COREQ) list (13), with all items completed (Supplementary Data 2). Three investigators (TK, JS, and GG) read each transcript and worked together to create a coding structure and codebook. The coding team met regularly to discuss the meaning and application of the codes. New themes that had emerged and those that needed revision were discussed, and the codebook was updated accordingly. |
Los resultados del presente estudio evidencian que, a pesar de que los perros evaluados contaban con programas de vacunación sistemática y planes sanitarios estrictos, tenían un gran riesgo de infectarse con leptospiras patógenas durante sus actividades de trabajo. La alta seroprevalencia en los perros estudiados evidenció una presentación endémica de la enfermedad en las unidades evaluadas. El análisis de los resultados de las pruebas serológicas en perros vacunados se debe efectuar teniendo en cuenta el grado endémico de la enfermedad, el tiempo transcurrido entre la última vacunación y la toma de las muestras sanguíneas, la definición de puntos de corte apropiados, el análisis de los títulos prevalentes de los serogrupos evaluados por MAT, los anamnésicos y la presencia de signos clínicos, entre otros aspectos. También, es urgente conocer los diferentes algoritmos diagnósticos para diferenciar los anticuerpos IgM e IgG mediante técnicas alternativas como la inmunofluorescencia indirecta (IFI). En el caso de estudios con fines clínicos y terapéuticos, se sugiere tomar muestras pareadas para el análisis serológico con la MAT, y el uso de técnicas moleculares sensibles y específicas. |
El tema de la alta rotación de médicos dentro de la Estrategia de Salud de la Familia está documentado por diversos autores (20-22). Como causas de este problema se señalan la baja satisfacción de los médicos con ese trabajo, los problemas derivados de la gestión política y partidaria de los municipios, y la precariedad en las formas de contratación. La actuación como médicos de familia se ve como un lugar vacío de prestigio o temporal (23). |
Con base en esta información se puede concluir que, aunque no hay evidencia de que las variantes G614 sean más letales, sí es cierto que la transmisión es más eficiente, lo que implica una ventaja evolutiva que podría explicar la rápida expansión de esta mutación. En efecto, los virus con la sustitución D614G incrementaron su frecuencia durante los primeros meses de la pandemia de COVID-19, incluso en regiones donde la D614 era dominante en un comienzo; esta transición se ha dado de manera asincrónica y en diferentes regiones alrededor del mundo: primero en Europa y Norteamérica y luego en Asia y Oceanía 7. |
In de praktijk blijkt het erg moeilijk om een diabetespatiënt met nierschade te behandelen met voedingsinterventies. Voor nierpatiënten gelden namelijk andere voedingsrichtlijnen dan voor diabetespatiënten, en deze richtlijnen zijn soms in tegenspraak met elkaar. Zo kan het zijn dat de voeding die een nierpatiënt voorgeschreven krijgt een schadelijk effect heeft op het behouden van de juiste bloedglucosewaarden en vice versa. Omdat de bloedglucoseregulatie belangrijker wordt geacht dan de nierschade, is het advies aan diëtisten zich te richten op de voeding die een bloedglucoseregulerende werking heeft. Het gevolg is dat veel diëtisten zich conform de richtlijnen dan toch richten op de bloedglucose en niet op het voorkomen of verminderen van nierschade, omdat het simpelweg bijna onmogelijk is om dat met voeding te doen. |
O forame oval pérvio (FOP) foi primeiramente descrito por Cohnheim, em 1877, que traçou o caminho de um êmbolo através de um defeito septal no coração. O FOP é uma comunicação entre os átrios comum na vida fetal, porém, ao nascimento e à primeira respiração, o FOP se fecha, pois a pressão do átrio esquerdo se torna maior do que a do átrio direito. A persistência desse forame, potencialmente atravessável por um tromboembolismo, é um defeito estimado em 15-35% da população adulta, segundo estudos em cadáveres1,2,3. |
The aims of this study were to perform cis- and trans-eQTL mapping in purified CD4+ and CD8+ T cells and evaluate their pathogenic implications for autoimmune mechanisms. Based on similar studies , we considered the sample size of 300 individuals to be sufficient to ensure statistical power to detect eQTL effects in purified cells. This study participants were healthy donors of the Estonian Genome Center of the University of Tartu . In total, 313 subjects were selected for the study, with median age 54 (standard deviation 17.8), 154 females and 159 males. The study was approved by the Ethics Review Committee of Human Research of the University of Tartu, Estonia (permission no 206/T-4, date of issue 25.08.2011) and it was carried out in compliance with the Helsinki Declaration. A written informed consent to participate in the study was obtained from each individual prior to recruitment. All methods were carried out in accordance with approved guidelines. |
На сегодняшний день хирургия в значительной степени продвинулась в лечении аденом гипофиза благодаря применению эндоскопических технологий. Это произошло благодаря улучшенной визуализации зоны операции за счет введения эндоскопа высокого разрешения с широкоэкранной оптикой, позволяющей получать широкоугольное изображение интересуемой области. Применение эндоскопов с угловой оптикой (30, 45 и 70 градусов) позволило нейрохирургам увидеть структуры, находящиеся «за углом», что при определенном наклоне эндоскопа дает практически 180-градусный охват интересующей зоны (рис. 1, 2). |
Para avaliação de TMC, foi utilizado o General Health Questionnaire, versão de 12 itens (GHQ-12) 6 . Os escores dos itens individuais foram codificados como “ausente” ou “presente” (0 ou 1, respectivamente) e então somados; adolescentes com escore de três ou mais foram classificados como casos de TMC 7 . A versão brasileira, utilizada no presente estudo, foi submetida a estudo de validação, tendo uma entrevista psiquiátrica estruturada como padrão ouro e o mesmo critério de três ou mais para caso de TMC. Os resultados mostraram sensibilidade de 85,0% e especificidade de 79,0% e área abaixo da curva ROC (Receiver Operating Characteristics) de 0,87 17 . |
Through quantitative expression and localization analysis of HSP70/90 in different visceral organs and tissues of female yaks, differences in the uterus, fallopian tube and ovaries, were observed. The expression levels of HSP70/90 were significantly different during the yaks’ lactation and non-lactation periods and were mainly located in mammary gland tissues. To further study the functional mechanisms of HSP70/90 during the lactation period, an experimental model is needed for the detection of HSP70/90 functions with single stimuli. |
Voor de gezondheidsmonitor is gekozen voor twee vormen van monitoring, die min of meer tegelijk ontwikkeld en uitgevoerd worden: kortcyclische en langcyclische monitoring. Deze combinatie biedt inzicht in patronen en ontwikkelingen in gezondheid over de tijd en in de factoren die daarbij van invloed zijn, maar biedt ook de mogelijkheid om op basis van nieuw verkregen inzicht (snel) te schakelen tussen beleidsniveaus en op te schalen. Bij beide typen monitoring worden nieuwe data verzameld via vragenlijsten en wordt gebruikgemaakt van routinematig verkregen zorgregistratiedata, afkomstig van huisartsenpraktijken (Nivel Zorgregistraties Eerste Lijn, NZR). Beide leveren andersoortige informatie op:Kortcyclische monitoring geeft inzicht in de mate waarin fysieke en mentale gezondheidsproblemen (op dit moment) voorkomen binnen de populatie.Langcyclische monitoring geeft inzicht in het verloop van klachten en zorggebruik over de tijd, en factoren die daarbij een rol spelen, met oog voor risicogroepen en regionale/lokale verschillen of andere opvallende zaken. |
Another important feature of curcumin in OA is its effect on cell survival. Indeed, it was not only proven to be safe for chondrocytes (Mathy-Hartert et al. 2009) but also shown to counteract the cytotoxic effect induced by IL-1β (Csaki et al. 2009). It was able to influence the changes that occur in mitochondrial such as swelling due to IL-1β stimulation and apoptosis. Curcumin reduced the apoptotic features induced by IL-1β. In addition, it stimulated anti-apoptotic factors (Bcl-2, Bcl-xL and TRAF1) and inhibited pro-apoptotic factors (caspase-3) (Csaki et al. 2009). |
Résultats de la surveillance per-opératoire: Dans notre série, le monitorage peropératoire a été assuré pour tous nos patients comprenant: un electrocardioscope, un dynamap, un capnographe, un oxymètre de pouls, un curarométre et Hemocue sur sang artériel. La FC, PA ont été notées toutes les 5 mn depuis le début de l'intervention jusqu′à 15 mn, puis toutes les 15 mn jusqu’à une heure, ensuite toutes les demi-heures jusqu’à la fin de l'intervention. Aucune modification significative de la FC n'a été notée. La baisse de la PA a été plus importante à la 15 éme min. le nombre de patients ayant présenté une hypotension artérielle était de 6 soit 12%. Le recours aux sympathomimétique était nécessaire chez 4 patients, avec faibles doses d’éphédrine 6 mg +/- 3 mg chez 3 patients, un seul patient a nécessité de fortes doses 15 mg. |
Electrodes (Noraxon HEX Dual Electrodes Product # 272S (spacing—2.0 cm) QTY:8 Disposable, self-adhesive Ag/AgCL snap electrodes) were placed as follows :Biceps: Two electrodes (2 cm apart) placed parallel to the muscle fibers in the center of the muscle in correspondence to the maximum circumference.Triceps: Two electrodes (2 cm apart) placed parallel to the muscle fibers, 2 cm medial from the midline of the arm, approximately 50% of the distance between the acromion and the olecranon.Flexor carpi ulnaris: Two electrodes (2 cm apart) placed parallel to the muscle fibers over the muscle mass, approximately 50% of the distance between the elbow and the wrist.Extensor carpi radialis: Two electrodes (2 cm apart) placed parallel to the muscle fibers over the muscle mass 5 cm distal from the lateral epicondyle of the elbow. |
Figure 21 represents the interval plot of shore D hardness inspection; this plot exceptionally informed the influence of each parameter in the same plot for simple to understand. From this plot, it is clear that the maximum shore D hardness was found (72 HD). This maximum shore D hardness was obtained with the influence of 40 wt.% of fiber, 10% of NaOH action, 12 MPa of compression pressure, and 100°C of temperature. |
The prevalence of linezolid-associated thrombocytopenia stratified by daily per kg dose (DPKD) (mg/kg/day). The prevalence of thrombocytopenia is linearly associated with DPKD of linezolid. In 22 ≤ DPKD < 27, the prevalence of TP was 48 %. Its prevalence increased to 72 % in DPKD ≥ 27 |
Medium size biopharmaceuticals (500 Da–10 kDa) are becoming increasingly popular. Among mid-size biologics, peptides are preferable molecules for being highly selective, efficacious, and relatively safe46. They usually have long serum half-life and low production cost46. They possess several advantages over small synthetic molecules (< 500 Da) and proteins (> 10 kDa). Small-size synthesized drugs are not necessarily specific to the target, which sometimes leads to serious side effects47. The high molecules like antibodies are more target-specific, however, higher production cost, safety, and less membrane permeability are some of the bottlenecks (reviewed in48). For the discovery of mid-size peptide-based biomolecules, the combinatorial peptide phage library is being widely used for high-throughput screening, because of its simplicity, commercial availability, and its ability to display peptide sequences with enormous diversity (reviewed in49,50). Phage-displayed peptide libraries have been used successfully for epitope mapping51–53, drug discovery54, protein engineering55, and discovery of inhibitory peptides against viral infections28,56–59. |
Les modalités de traitement restent encore très peu connues, du fait de la rareté de cette entité d´une part, et de l´absence de suivi des patients comme ça été le cas pour 7 malades sur les 11 décrits dans la littérature. Certains auteurs préconisent un traitement chirurgical par ablation de la masse, suivi d´une radiothérapie. Cependant, aucune étude n´a démontré de réel consensus à nos jours. D´après les données recueillies pour les 11 patients, la variante à cellules claires du carcinome épidermoïde serait plus agressive et aurait un pronostic plus sombre que la variante classique . Des études moléculaires sont nécessaires pour comprendre les paramètres biologiques, cliniques histopathologiques de ces cas. |
31. DESENDER, K., VERSTEIRT, V., BAETENS, J. , 2001. Carabidae. In: BAETENS, J., P. GROOTAERT. De betekenis van lijn- en puntvormige rietvegetaties voor semi-terrestrische ongewervelden van moerashabitats. Studie in opdracht van het Vlaams Ministerie van Leefmilieu en Landbouw en het Instituut voor Natuurbehoud. Rapport ENT.2001.06: 32-46. |
Al investigar las causas del aumento de la prevalencia de la DM2 y de otras enfermedades crónicas como la tuberculosis, la infección por el virus de la inmunodeficiencia humana, el asma, la depresión o el cáncer, se ha comprobado que la contribución de los factores biológicos y genéticos no es suficiente para explicarlo (5) y que, en cambio, se han encontrado asociaciones con determinantes sociales, como el nivel socioeconómico, los ingresos, la educación, así como con el índice de desarrollo humano (IDH) (10). |
Endometrial tissues from postmenopausal women (n = 7, aged 63–73 years) for in vitro studies were obtained by hysterectomy. The collection and processing steps have been described . Two small pieces (3 × 5 × 5 mm), containing the endometrium and the underlying myometrium, were excised from the lower uterine cavity, and the endometrium was gently isolated. The study was approved by the Research Ethics Committee at the University of Gothenburg and was conducted at the Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki for medical research involving human subjects. Informed consent was obtained from all patients. |
以肺癌为例，其多学科综合诊疗（multi-disciplinary treatment, MDT）团队至少包括影像科、病理科、胸外科、化疗科、放疗科等相关科室。接诊肺癌患者后提交多学科团队讨论，首先由影像科给出临床诊断，胸外科医生判断手术价值及方案；若涉及到疑难病例或基因改变的情况需要病理科医生的参与；手术后的治疗方案也应由多学科团队制定。随着人口老龄化进程加快，我们面临的高龄以及患有合并症的肺癌患者日益增多，治疗过程中可能会伴随着心血管系统、内分泌系统以及呼吸系统等并发症。因此，肺癌MDT团队需要实时扩大参与的学科，包括心血管、呼吸、内分泌等专业医师的参与，以保证患者得到全面的诊治。 |
As there were many series in each protocol, only data sets that covered the lung apices to the bases, with 1 mm section thickness and interval in conventional CT chest, and CTA – PE protocols and data sets that covered the aortic arch to the diaphragm with 0.75 mm slice thickness and spacing in CTA coronary artery protocol were selected. Each CT data set was reviewed by a third-year resident (NO) and two radiologists (YW and JE), who have worked in thoracic imaging for 2 years and 10 years, respectively. |
In rat PS, estrogens can directly activate rapid signaling pathways controlling spermatogenesis. Specifically, our studies performed in rat primary cultures of PS demonstrated that estradiol, working through both ESR1 and GPER, activates the rapid EGFR/ERK/c-jun signaling cascade, which in turn triggers the mitochondrial apoptotic pathway concomitantly with an increased expression of bax and a reduction of cyclin A1 and B1 protein levels (45). Similarly, in a mouse PS-derived cell line (GC-2 cells) we showed: (i) an expression pattern for ESR1, ESR2, and GPER similar to primary rat PS (89), (ii) ESR1- and GPER-dependent cell growth inhibition, and (iii) a reduction in cyclin D1 and B1 protein expression and an increase in p21 protein content. As in primary PS, these events anticipated an apoptotic mechanism that was studied in detail. It required the activation of MAPK family members ERK1/2, JNK, and p38, followed by activation of intrinsic apoptotic pathway determining bax up-regulation, cytochrome c release, caspase 9 and 3 activation, parp-1 cleavage, and DNA fragmentation. |
The backbone of many O/N-linked Leishmania oligosaccharides contains phosphate-linked galactose-mannose disaccharide (Gal-Man-P) repeats (Ilg, 2000). Using Western blotting, the PSG from L. major and L. tropica extracted from the experimental vector Lu. longipalpis, were probed for Gal(β1-4)Man(α1)-PO4 repeating epitopes (Fig. 1). The absence of a reaction with the contents of uninfected midguts confirmed the specificity of the antibody for parasite glycans. All infected flies yielded PSGs containing a very high molecular weight smear retained in the 4% stacking gel that is likely to be the fPPG fraction. This gives the PSG much of its structure as a 3D matrix (Stierhoff et al., 1999) and confers the disease-exacerbating properties of PSG for L. mexicana (Rogers et al., 2004). In the experimental vector, Lu. longipalpis, the amount of fPPG was similar for L. mexicana and L. major, which were greater than the amount of fPPG produced by L. tropica. Notably, this is an experimental model so the precise amounts of fPPG in PSG from natural vectors may vary lipophosphoglycan (LPG) also contains Gal-Man-P repeats, however, based on the expected molecular weight (30–50 kDa for non-metacyclic and 70–90 kDa for metacyclic promastigotes), LPG was not detected in any of the PSG preparations. Fig. 1.The composition of Leishmania glycans within PSG from the permissive vector Lu. longipalpis. Western Blot analysis of L. major, L. tropica and L. mexicana PSG probed with LT15, a mAb which recognizes the Gal-P-Man disaccharide backbone of all Leishmania phosphoglycans (Ilg et al., 1996). Each lane represents the equivalent of one sand fly's PSG extracted from mature infections (L. major and L. tropica, day 12–13 p.i.; L. mexicana day 8 p.i.). The last lane represents the luminal content of one uninfected sand fly midgut probed with LT15. Arrow indicates a junction between stacking and resolving gel. MWM, molecular weight markers. |
In this study, we determined gut microbiota and metabolome composition in stool samples obtained from healthy children and children with diarrhea positive for DEC pathotypes. Our data shows that stool samples from healthy children and children positive for DEC displayed a differential pattern of metabolites and bacterial microbiota. |
Our analysis of VP2 gene sequences indicated that wild bird-origin IBDV isolates carried high similarity with vvIBDV (Fig. 2a) and vaccine strains (Fig. 2b) previously reported from domestic chickens in Egypt . Moreover, the presence of IBDV in the cloacal swabs of the wild birds suggested that these birds can shed the virus without developing disease, which may have implications in the IBDV epidemiology. These data suggest an epidemiological link between domestic chickens and wild birds in the epidemiology of IBDVs. Previous studies have demonstrated the serological presence of IBDV in multiple wild bird species [39–43]. Since serotype I of IBDV is known to be a pathogenic in avian species other than chicken, it become clear that IBDV didn't assume a significant role in the bird’s deaths . Our results revealed that such isolates are most likely spilt over from previous outbreaks in vaccinated poultry and are carried by free-living wild birds, which may be playing a role in their dissemination. It has been well recognized the spillover of wild birds’ viruses to domesticated poultry causing disease and also in the other direction (from poultry to wild birds) [21, 22]. Previous studies have reported that passaging of NDV vaccine strains in wild bird species may provide selective pressures that could lead to antigenic variabilities or an increase in virulence [47–49]. The VP2 gene-specific estimates of dN/dS were predicted using SNAP and the number of potential synonymous and non-synonymous changes were counted. The sites under positive or negative selection were mapped and outlined in Fig. 2c.Fig. 2Pairwise identity, localization of specific mutations in the VP2 protein of the newly identified vvIBDV strain and IBDVs selective pressure. The pairwise identities plot of VP2 gene for a Egypt-USC-IBD-1-2019 compared to vvIBDVs and b Egypt-USC-IBD-2-2019 and Egypt-USC-IBD-3-2019 compared to IBDV vaccine-like strains aligned by ClustalW and displayed by Sequence Demarcation Tool (SDT) software. c Cumulative behaviour of the average synonymous and non-synonymous substitutions moving codon by codon across VP2 gene. d 3D structure template for IBDV isolate IBDV/USC-3/2019 showed the localization of specific mutations in the VP2 protein for IBDV isolate IBDV/USC-1/2019. The 3D was visualized by PyMOL software |
Среди недавно опубликованных работ стоит отметить, к примеру, ситуацию на Шри-Ланке, где всеобщее йодирование соли было введено в 1995 г. При проведении массового исследования (16 910 школьников) распространенность зоба при пальпации была значительно снижена — с 18,6% до 2,1% (р<0,05) . |
No primeiro ciclo de avaliação, participaram um total de 184 (100%) municípios, incluindo 911 equipes (46,5% das EqSF implantadas até 2012). Já no segundo ciclo, participaram 183 (99,4%) municípios, incluindo 1.711 equipes (74,3% da EqSF estabelecidas até 2014). Verificaram-se, no ano de 2012, mais observações de estrutura do que de processo de trabalho, pois nesse ano o Ministério da Saúde estava particularmente interessado em infraestrutura; portanto, o módulo referente a esse aspecto foi aplicado em todas as unidades básicas de saúde, mesmo naquelas que não aderiram ao PMAQ-AB. Dos 184 municípios, foram utilizados dados dos 183 (99,4%) cujas equipes foram avaliadas nos dois ciclos. Analisaram-se dados de 1.441 equipes para infraestrutura e de 800 equipes para processo de trabalho. Como algumas EqSF não responderam todas as questões dos módulos I e II, o número de equipes varia de acordo com o desfecho e ano de avaliação. |
La examenul local: sindrom vertebral static și dinamic la nivel CDL, cu accentuarea cifozei toracale, hiperlordoza lombară, contractură musculară paravertebrală toraco-lombară, cu reducerea mobilității active dorso-lombare și lombo-pelvine, cu scăderea indicilor Ott, Schober, Macrae-Wright; reducerea mobilității active pe toate axele de mișcare șold-genunchi-complex glezna-picior, cu hipotrofii coapse, gambe bilateral; modificarea schemei de mers prin deplasarea centrului de greutate spre anterior, mers cu pasi mici, cu viteză lentă de deplasare, cu alterarea fazei de inițiere a mersului, cu sprijin auxiliar. |
De gezamenlijk vastgestelde scores worden verwerkt in een rapport en gevisualiseerd. De uitslag wordt vervolgens teruggekoppeld aan het bestuur en de overige functiegroepen. Als het bestuur zich aan de uitslag committeert wordt er, indien nodig en gewenst, een ondersteuningstraject gestart. Dat duurt een tot twee jaar en wordt begeleid door een coach. In de praktijk is er bij 87 % van de locaties gekozen voor het starten van een leer- en verbetertraject met ondersteuning vanuit het programma Waardigheid en trots op locatie. |
Zwei gegenüber intraoperativ zusätzlich detektierte hochgradige ACC-Stenosen waren im postoperativen Ultraschall zu einem asymptomatischen Frühverschluss (der ACI) progredient bzw. nicht mehr nachweisbar. Drei zusätzlich detektierte hochgradige ACI-Stenosen waren postoperativ ebenfalls nicht mehr nachweisbar und neurologisch nicht auffällig. In der Abstrombahn wurden zusätzlich zwei Verschlüsse detektiert, von denen einer symptomatisch war und persistierte, wohingegen der asymptomatische zu einer hochgradigen Stenose mit langstreckig enger distaler ACI partiell rekanalisierte. Zudem wurden in der Abstrombahn zusätzlich 3 hochgradige Stenosen in Form einer langstreckig engen distalen extrakraniellen ACI detektiert, von denen eine persistierte, eine remittierte und eine zum Verschluss progredient war, jeweils ohne neurologische Symptomatik. |
Notre étude a été rétrospective. A partir des bases de données de services de radiologie et de la chirurgie, nous avons sélectionné de façon rétrospective, les dossiers des patients admis pour syndrome appendiculaire, chez lesquels le diagnostic d'appendicite retrocaecale a été formellement posé par la chirurgie et qui ont bénéficié d'une échographie et d'un scanner abdominopelvien. Nous avons revu pour chaque dossier, les comptes rendus de ces deux moyens d'imagerie ainsi que les comptes rendus opératoire. Nous avons L'échographe utilisé est de marque SIEMENS. Les sondes sont de type multifréquence, avec des fréquences variant de 9MHZ à 18MHZ. Le critère échographique admis dans le diagnostic d′appendicite retrocaecale dans notre étude est la visualisation d′un appendice non compressible, apéristaltique, de plus de 6 mm de diamètre transverse , situé en arrière du caecum, associé ou non à des signes indirects à savoir l'épaississement de la paroi coecale de plus de 5mm, l'aspect hyperéchogène de graisse péritonéale, et une collection liquidienne pelvienne. L'appareil TDM utilisé est mltibarrette (40 barrettes), de marque PHILIPS. La technique TDM a consisté à une acquisition volumique sans injection et avec injection du contraste au temps portal. Le diagnostic tomodensitométrique est fait sur la visualisation d'un appendice épaissi mesurant au moins 7mm de diamètre , situé en arrière du caecum, associée ou non à des signes indirects à savoir l'épaississement de la paroi coecale, l'aspect hyperdense de la graisse péritonéale et la collection liquidienne intrapéritonéale. Nous avions recueilli pour chaque patient, les données épidémiologiques, cliniques, biologiques. |
В продолжение работы планируются расширение выборки, дальнейшее проведение молекулярно-генетического исследования генов-кандидатов, имеющих взаимосвязь с развитием ППР центрального генеза. Следующим этапом планируется провести поиск взаимосвязи между клиническими данными и результатами молекулярно-генетического исследования в исследуемых группах. |
α-mangostin suppresses RANKL‐induced expression of osteoclast‐related genes. A BMMs were treated with M‐CSF, RANKL and different concentrations of α-mangostin for 5 days, N = 3. B BMMs were cultured with M‐CSF (25 ng/mL) and RANKL (50 ng/mL), with or without 2 μmol/L α-mangostin, for 0, 1, 3 or 5 days. The mRNA expression of those osteoclast‐related genes, including TRAP, CTSK, CTR, V-ATPase d2, NFATc1, DC‐STAMP, was determined by qPCR, N = 3. Data are shown as mean ± SD. *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.001, compared with the controls |
Mittels der in der Einleitung des vierten Kapitels beschriebenen Methodik konnten die Mieteinnahmen pro Jahr, über die sinkende Flächeneffizienz, und die Kostenposition Bau- und Baunebenkosten als wesentlichste Positionen identifiziert werden, die im Weiteren beschrieben werden. Die Bau- und Baunebenkosten werden nochmals unterteilt in die direkt mit der Planung kleinerer Wohnungen einhergehenden Bau- und Baunebenkosten und die oftmals damit in Verbindung stehenden Kostensteigerungen auf Grund einer höheren Stellplatzanzahl. |
Peritoneal mouse macrophages were stimulated with 100 ng/ml LPS for 18 h prior to the assay. TNFα concentration in peritoneal macrophage culture supernatant was determined using the TNFα Mouse Uncoated ELISA Kit (Thermofisher), following the manufacturer’s instructions. Absorption was measured at 450 nm using a microtiterplate reader (Biorad, Temse, Belgium). |
De vragenlijst (zie de bijlage) wordt afgenomen bij cliënten, naasten, (zorg)medewerkers, het management en het bestuur. De respondenten kunnen op een schaal van 1 (helemaal niet mee eens) tot 5 (helemaal mee eens) aangeven in hoeverre ze het eens zijn met verschillende stellingen over de acht thema’s van het Kwaliteitskader. Ook is er ruimte voor een toelichting. De formulering van de stellingen is aangepast en afgestemd op de (functie)groep . |
In the intervention group, the percentage of participants who responded correctly, at immediate post-intervention, to knowledge items such as “Mental illnesses are caused by spiritual attack”, “One in four people will develop mental illness over the course of a lifetime”, and “Depression is a type of mental illness”, was significantly higher compared to baseline (p < 0.05). There was no difference on the items that stated that: “There is a stigma (shame) attached to people with mental health problems”, and “Parents with mental illness always transmit it to their children” (p = 0.08 and 0.36 respectively). |
The utility of these approaches for gaining insight into the underlying causes of changes in gene expression depends on the availability of defined gene sets that reflect the transcriptional consequences of relevant biological processes. It would therefore be useful to leverage the ever-growing body of transcriptional profiles that have been deposited in freely accessible data repositories, as they represent an enticing source of information about transcriptional responses to a vast number of experimental and biological perturbations. For example, large compendia of gene expression data have been used to predict the function of uncharacterized genes based on their co-expression with genes of known function across diverse experimental conditions (for examples, see ). Such compendia can also be leveraged to identify conditions that give rise to a given pattern of gene expression. |
In 2015, a group of Italian researchers published an interesting article in which they evaluated the accuracy of an autoanalyzer, which is used for the diagnosis of urinary infections, the sediMAX 1 (77 Elektronika, Budapest, Hungary)8, and additionally, they evaluated an improved version for the detection of protozoans9. |
The reason that metaproteomics has become an important tool can be partially explained by the “quantum leaps” in enabling technologies that have made it more feasible and affordable. Technological advances have mostly occurred in the realm of liquid chromatography (LC) enabling the separation of highly complex peptide mixtures, and high-resolution mass spectrometry (MS) instrumentation enabling the acquisition of large numbers of accurate mass spectra, and computational tools for data processing and analyses. |
Cyclic voltammetry (CV), differential pulse voltammetry (DPV), and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) were performed using a CHI 660D electrochemical workstation (Shanghai Chenhua Instruments, China). A three-compartment electrochemical cell contained a saturated calomel reference electrode (SCE), a platinum wire auxiliary electrode, and a modified ITO working electrode with a 3 mm diameter controlled area. The determination of H2O2 was conducted in 0.1 M PBS, and the sensor responses were measured under deductions for background currents from the total ones. |
Il s´agissait d´une étude rétrospective descriptive de 14 mois portant sur 12 examens TDM des traumatismes des rochers colligés au service de radiologie de l´Hôpital 20 août 1953- CHU de Casablanca. Ont été inclus dans cette étude, les patients adressés pour TDM des rochers dans un contexte d´urgence post-traumatique et à distance des urgences. La collecte des données a été faite à partir des dossiers, des bulletins et comptes rendus des examens du scanner. Ils ont permis de recueillir les informations sur l´âge, le sexe, la technique utilisée, les types de fractures observées et les lésions associées. Les examens ont été réalisés avec un scanner de marque GE (général électrique) 16 barrettes sans injection de produit de contraste portant sur les rochers de haute résolution avec des coupes infra-millimétriques de 0.6mm tous les 0.3mm avec de fenêtre de lecture large (4000UH) centrée sur 400 à 800 UH. Une reconstruction axiale (plan parallèle au plan du canal semi-circulaire latéral) et une reconstruction coronale (perpendiculaire au plan axial). |
Adenovirale Vektoren sind eine weitere Technologie, die in der Entwicklung von Impfstoffen gegen SARS-CoV‑2 zur Anwendung kommt. Darunter sind ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 (COVID-19 Vaccine AstraZeneca) und Ad26.COV2.S (Fa. Janssen-Cilag/Johnson & Johnson) im Zulassungsprozess in der EU am weitesten fortgeschritten. Hier wurde in die DNA eines replikationsgehemmten Adenovirus die genetische Information des SARS-CoV-2-Spike-Proteins eingefügt. Auch hier wird der Protein-Synthese-Apparat der Zellen am Injektionsort genutzt, um das SARS-CoV-2-Spike-Protein zu synthetisieren und eine Immunantwort zu generieren. |
All routine blood tests and tumors markers to be within the normal range such as CBC, biochemistry tests, CEA, CA125 and Alfa-Feto Protein performed were normal except ESR and LFT test that were abnormal. Anti-Echinococcus antibodies (ELISA) screen was positive. However ovarian cystic mass might be hydatidosis but to rule out malignancy, oophorectomy and hysterectomy were conducted. |
Elterlicher Schulabschluss: Für den jeweiligen höchsten Schulabschluss der befragten Person wurden folgende Kategorien vorgegeben (angelehnt an Hoffmeyer-Zlotnik et al. 2010): (Allgemeine und Fach‑)Hochschulreife, Mittlere Reife, Hauptschulabschluss (Kl. 9 und Kl. 10), keinen allgemeinen Schulabschluss, sonstige Abschlüsse. Für die primären Analysen wurde der höchste Schulabschluss dichotomisiert in (Fach‑)Hochschulreife (72,8 %) bzw. keine (Fach‑)Hochschulreife (27,2 %). |
Na presente investigação, o IMLG e a MLG foram caracterizadas por aumento em seus valores de acordo com o estágio puberal, especialmente nas meninas. No processo de maturação sexual, a estatura, a massa muscular magra e o conteúdo mineral ósseo são diretamente proporcionais ao pico de velocidade de crescimento em estatura20 e, por isso, foi encontrado maior MLG e IMLG no estágio pós-púbere, similar ao referido por Miranda et al.22 O mesmo observou-se para a MG e o IMG nas adolescentes, em que as maiores médias ocorreram no estágio pós-púbere. |
The 20/120 preparation used for baking gluten-free breads contributed to a delay in crumb hardening during bread storage in comparison with the control and other samples. At the same time, it did not deteriorate other texture parameters. The preparation could be recommended as a potential component for industrial production of gluten-free bread. |
Percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) has been shown to improve clinical outcomes in non-ST elevation myocardial infarction (NSTEMI) . These patients typically receive multiple antiplatelet and anticoagulative therapies as per current guidelines [2, 3]. Glycoprotein IIb/IIIa receptor inhibitors are potent antiplatelet agents which have been shown in some trials to improve outcomes in patients undergoing PCI post-NSTEMI [4–8]. Meta-analyses involving 29,570 patients with NSTEMI/UA (non-ST elevation myocardial infarction or unstable angina) have shown GP IIb/IIIa inhibitors to be associated with a reduction in death or nonfatal myocardial infarction at 30 days . Although positive studies have suggested a potential for a 30–40% reduction in the composite of death and MI, favouring the use of GP IIb/IIIa inhibitors , these trials were carried out before the routine use of clopidogrel or other P2Y12 inhibitors. |
We address the issues raised by both of these studies by examining ploidy effects in different yeast strains with more sensitive assays. The recently acquired genome sequence of the Σ1278b strain , combined with advances in transcriptome profiling by RNA-seq , provides the resolution necessary for genome-wide determination of a functional connection among genes regulated by ploidy. The dynamic range of quantitative linearity in RNA-seq is at least 10-fold higher than that of microarrays, making RNA-seq superior at comparing transcript abundance . In this study, RNA-seq enabled identification of a much larger set of differentially expressed genes between Σ1278b haploid and tetraploid strains and the discovery of related genes by Gene Ontology (GO) analysis. The enriched GO terms suggested a causal relationship between cell size and gene expression, and this relationship was then confirmed by analyzing gene expression patterns in cells of varying sizes. The genes repressed in large cells of the Σ1278b background were also found to be repressed in tetraploids of S288c, suggesting that the casual relationship between cell size and gene expression is a general feature. |
В наших работах для молекулярной идентификации видов G. rostochiensis и G. pallida (Мироненко и др., 2013, 2015; Limantseva et al., 2014) применен метод муль- типлексной ПЦР с двумя наборами видоспецифичных праймеров (Bulman, Marshall, 1997). Эти же праймеры используют другие авторы, например, для количественной ПЦР (Nakhla et al., 2010). |
Temporal changes of frequencies in total symptoms indicated that the frequencies were the highest one week after symptom onset, 74% symptoms frequencies disappeared in two weeks. On the day 29 after onset, 95% all symptoms frequencies disappeared and only the symptoms like cough, expectoration and respiratory failure were present. Consistent results were observed from the comparisons between symptoms in adjacent five-day periods. The significantly different changes mostly occurred in the first 20 days after disease onset. Therefore, the symptoms mainly occurred in the first 20 days since symptom onset, few symptoms occurred in 20-30 days, and only cough and expectoration existed 30 days after onset. |
Population d'étude: Dans cette étude, la population était constituée des donneurs de sang. La classification des donneurs du sang (familial, bénévole régulier ou occasionnel) n'a pas été prise en compte. Le prélèvement de l'échantillon destiné à l'étude s'est effectué sur les poches de sang prélevées lors de campagne de sensibilisation ou lors d'un don à l'hôpital. Un aliquote de chaque échantillon biologique prélevé a servi au laboratoire de la structure sanitaire concernée pour la qualification de la poche et un autre était acheminé au laboratoire de recherche biomédicale et de santé publique de l'Université Evangélique en Afrique (dans une boite isotherme avec des vessies de glace) où l'évaluation de contrôle de qualité était effectuée. |
To obtain further insight into on how degeneracy is achieved in hippocampal CA1 neurons, we analyzed all the individuals obtained from the optimization runs. For each optimization run, the 10 best individuals were considered based on their total score (see Methods). Note that these individuals were obtained from the same morphology with different channel densities. In Fig 6, the value of the optimized parameters, normalized to the maximum value chosen for each conductance, were plotted for each optimization run (10 individuals for each run, opt id). For clarity, in each graph the values obtained for any given parameter were placed on the Y-axis according to the corresponding average value calculated from all optimizations. In this way, the bottom rows in each graph correspond to parameters with an average low value whereas top rows correspond to parameters with higher values. Furthermore, parameters that were relatively stable across all optimizations (i.e. with a sd<0.2) for any given e-type are highlighted using a red label in the y axis. For pyramidal cells (Fig 6, pyr cAC) the most stable parameters were some of the passive properties, Ih, KM, Calcium, and Ca-dependent K currents. Interestingly, we noted that whereas passive properties were consistently optimized with a stable value across the optimizations for all e-types (Fig 6, see top rows in all graphs), conductances were shown to be somewhat different depending on e-types. For example, for interneurons, Ih, somatic KM and dendritic KDR were the most stable for all e-types, whereas dendritic KA was stable for cAC and Cagk for cNAC. These results suggested that each e-type has specific active properties that may be particularly important to obtain the appropriate firing pattern in response to a given input. While these properties need to be well constrained for each e-type, degeneracy can be achieved by combining the other conductances in a relatively large number of ways. The functional consequences of this situation will be discussed below. |
The use of fiber reinforced composite materials in astronautics, aeronautics, automotive, wind energy, oil and gas and petrochemical industries is vital for the full development of these key areas for economic and social prosperity of a country mainly because of composite material’s unique and advantageous properties: they are typically lighter and more resistant to corrosion than the metallic materials traditionally used in these industries. |
Moreover, we found that SMI showed a positive correlation with β-cell function, whereas BMD did not show any correlation. The interaction among pancreas, bone, and muscle is uncertain. Bone and muscle are connected anatomically, and they interact with each other through multiple mechanisms. Several growth factors secreted by myotubes, such as fibroblast growth factor 2 and insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF1), have an anabolic effect on bone , and IGF1 could also promote proliferation and differentiation in osteoblasts . In addition, muscle loss is associated with the deficiency of insulin and C-peptide in type 1 diabetes . Insulin exerts an anabolic effect on skeletal muscle either through stimulation of protein synthesis or through inhibition of proteolysis . C-peptide has also been found to have a protective effect against cell death in myoblasts . Thus, our findings support the hypothesis that β cells might have an indirect effect on bone through skeletal muscle . |
Il n’y a pas de corrélation entre le volume de la tumeur et sa malignité. Le caractère limité, indolore peut être faussement rassurant, et souvent le diagnostic n’est pas affirmé en pré-opératoire. Seule l’intervention chirurgicale effectuée, soit pour une pathologie différente, soit devant la suspicion d’une tumeur du cordon ou plus souvent d’une tumeur «intra-scrotale», permet de faire le diagnostic. |
Ruptura tendonului Achilian, parțială sau totală, se situează la nivelul joncțiunii tendinomusculare, mai ales la tineri, sau la 2 cm de inserția pe calcaneu la vârstnici, un rol important având și vascularizația tendonului, zona predispusă injuriei fiind relativ avasculară. |
Voor deze bijdrage hebben we de tiende ronde van het vragenlijstonderzoek gebruikt. Tussen 10 en 14 februari namen 54.363 mensen in de leeftijd vanaf zestien jaar deel. Van hen was 36% man en 64% vrouw. In het vragenlijstonderzoek is een onderscheid gemaakt tussen laag- (geen, basis, lbo, vmbo), middelbaar (havo/vwo, mbo) en hoogopgeleiden (hbo, wo). |
On the day of transplantation hESCs were harvested and dissociated into a single cell suspension using 0.05% EDTA (Biological Industries, Beit-Haemek, Israel) .To ensure a single cell suspension the cells were filtered through a sterile filter. The filtered cells were centrifuged and the pellet was re-suspended in PBS (Invitrogen). To determine the number of viable cells, an aliquot of the hESCs was counted. Frozen MMC-treated foreskin fibroblasts were thawed and centrifuged. The pellet was re-suspended in PBS (Invitrogen), and viable cells were counted. For transplantation, various numbers of hESCs were combined with MMC-treated foreskin cells to a total of 1×106. The cell-mixture was centrifuged and the pellet was re-suspended in PBS to a total volume of 50 µl. For negative controls, 1×106 MMC-treated foreskin cells were transplanted. When the ROCK inhibitor Y-27632 (Calbiochem, Darmstadt, Germany) was included in the experiment, it was added to the cell mixture to a final concentration of 10 µM. The cells were kept for a minimal period at room temperature and transferred to the animal facility. The cell-mixture was combined with 50 µl undiluted cold Matrigel Basement membrane matrix (BD #354234, NJ, USA) immediately before transplantation. Pre-cooled pipettes, tips and syringes were used. |
Participants were split into two groups according to their digit span score. Independent sample t-test showed a significant group differences, t(16) = −4.24, p = 0.001. The digit span score was significantly higher in the high-performing group (M = 10.11) than the low-performing group (M = 7.88). To check whether our statistical power was undermined by limited sample size, we conducted post hoc power analyses using GPower (Faul and Erdfelder, 1992; for a full description, see Erdfelder et al., 1996) with effect size d = 2.006, power (1 − β) set at 0.95 and α = 0.05, two-tailed. The analysis showed that power reaches 0.963 when sample sizes are 8 and 8 for group 1 and 2 for group differences to reach statistical significance at the 0.05 level. Thus, our sample sizes even after dividing participants into subgroups do not seem to compromise statistical power too much. This “group” factor also was integrated into subsequence analysis. Three-way mixed effect ANOVA was conducted to investigate the effects of groups (low vs. high), tDCS (anodal, cathodal, sham) and set size (4, 6, 8) on the behavioral indexes: d′ and K. The d′ data showed significant main effects of set size, F(2,32) = 118.63, p = 0.000, ηp2 = 0.881. No other main effects or interactions reached significance (p > 0.05). |
Rice is one of the major staple food crops in the world. It is widely cultivated in Asia and is significant in ensuring global food security. In China, saline-alkali soils are widely distributed; they are of many types and cover large areas, about 100 million hectares in total. Such soils are an important land reserve resource, but their high salinity restricts the planting and growth of common crops . With the continuous population growth, the available farmland area and freshwater resources are decreasing, and the environmental pressure on human survival will continue to increase. Under these circumstances, food crop shortage will become increasingly threatening. Therefore, breeding new rice varieties suitable for planting in saline-alkali land is an effective strategy to improve the utilization efficiency of saline-alkali land and to increase rice yield. |
Muitas razões justificam a necessidade de se conhecer o impacto da pandemia de covid-19 sobre o comportamento alimentar da população, incluindo a imprevisibilidade da duração da pandemia e das medidas implantadas para seu controle e a influência que a alimentação tem sobre doenças crônicas não transmissíveis que aumentam a gravidade e letalidade da covid-193 . |
Some representative chips restored from MemAE were visualized as below and compared with the original inputs. On the left side of Figure 19a–c are real ship objects, and reconstructed images on the right side. Figure 19d–f are inputs and outputs of false alarms. The visualization results further confirmed positive samples could be restored well, while anomalies’ reconstruction errors were large, which was consistent with our expectation. |
Dass mangelernährte Menschen, untergebracht in erbärmlichen Behausungen, leicht Opfer von (Infektions‑) Krankheiten werden, sich unter diesen Bedingungen schwerere Verläufe einstellen und erheblich höhere Todesraten, war bereits im 16. Jahrhundert geläufig und bedarf keiner weiteren Hinweise auf „mangelnde Hygiene“. Bände spricht der Nürnberger Chronikeintrag für das Jahr 1544 über einen „kleinen Sterb“: „Sein aber nur viel arme Leut gestorben.“ (Müllner 2003: 642) Nördlinger Ärzte unterschieden 1571 zwei „genere pestis“, von denen eine lediglich die nach Hungerkrisen geschwächten Armen betrafen, während die andere gefährlich war, weil sie leicht auch die Wohlhabenderen „anstecken“ konnte (Kinzelbach 2006). Das Zählen macht den Unterschied als Wahrnehmungs- und kommunikative Praxis der Kontingenzbeherrschung. |
blaNDM was the most common carbapenemase gene type among the CRE strains, including blaNDM–5 (42/53, 79.25%), blaNDM–9 (4/53, 7.55%), blaNDM–1 (1/53, 1.89%), and blaNDM–7 (1/53, 1.89%), suggesting blaNDM as the key gene mediating the development of the carbapenem resistance phenotype in this study. The blaNDM–5 gene was found in 39 E. coli (26 strains from retail meat products, 6 from porcine excrement, and 7 from patients) and 3 K. pneumoniae [2 strains from retail meat products and 1 strain (SJ24) from patients]. Three blaNDM–9 from E. coli and one blaNDM–9 from K. pneumoniae were all from retail meat products, as well as blaNDM–1 from E. coli and blaNDM–7 from K. pneumoniae. |
Decoration of a microtubule with Tau proteins. (a) Saturation curves: total coverage ρ at equilibrium state as a function of x for σp = σh = 1. Point data (circles) represent results from Monte Carlo simulations in the limit case κ → +∞ (mode “p”) with keq,p = 0.1, 1 and 10. Solid and dashed lines correspond to numerical solutions of Eq. (2) in the limit cases κ → +∞ (for ρ) and κ = 1 (for ρp and ρp with ρ = ρp + ρp), respectively (see Sec. 5.4). The grayed zone defines the domain of coverage consistent with the axonal conditions. The zone has been obtained using the two ranges 0.1 ≤ x ≤ 10 and 0.1 ≤ keff ≤ 103 (see Sec. 5.1 for details). The two black dots correspond to A and B in Fig. 4a. (b–m) Snapshots and their corresponding distributions P||(r) for a single binding mode in (b–i) and two binding modes with κ = 1 in (j–m). In each case, the decoration is characterized for low ρ ≈ 0.1 (x = 0.15), and high coverages, ρ ≈ 0.45 (x = 10). Histograms for the distributions of nearest neighbors in (c,d,g,h,k,l) have been calculated from Monte Carlo simulations (see Sec. 5.3). Dashed lines in (c,d,g,h,k,l) correspond to theoretical distributions obtained using Eq. (6) for the mode “p” in (c,d) and the mode “h” in (g,h), and Eq. (12) with Eq. (17) for the two binding modes in (k,l). Adapted from the manuscript of J.H.’s thesis58. |
It is surprising that seven patients (14%) were not taking any asthma medicine at the time of death. This may be attributed to low compliance. A recent meta-analysis concluded that monotherapy of long-acting beta-adrenoceptor agonists is associated with an increased risk of asthma mortality compared with the combination of long-acting beta-adrenoceptor agonists and inhaled corticosteroids . However, none of the patients in our study used long-acting beta-adrenoceptor agonists as a monotherapy. |
To analyze the complex interactions of C. pecorum infection and host response to it, we used a hypothesis-free modeling approach. Principal component analysis combined markers for chlamydial infection and host response to maximally explain the variance in the observations, subsequent cluster analysis grouped similar observations, and T-tests of clusters revealed the biological significance. Anti-C. pecorum IgM, albumin, and globulin combined into two principal components (PC) resulted in the greatest explanatory power of all potential combinations of original variables (r2 = 0.813; Fig. 2). PC 1 was composed in approximately equal parts by these 3 variables, with albumin negatively contributing, and explained 57% of the variance (r2 = 0.572). We interpreted the strong contribution of anti-chlamydial IgM to PC 1, as well as the negative albumin and positive globulin contribution, as an indicator of the inflammation driven by chlamydial infection, and therefore termed PC 1 “Chlamydial Inflammation Index”. PC 2 was positively affected by albumin and anti-C. pecorum IgM, but not globulin, and explained 24% of the variance (r2 = 0.241). Our interpretation of the positive anti-chlamydial antibody contribution combined with the positive albumin contribution was that this reflected immune protection following chlamydial infection that improved liver function. Therefore we termed PC 2 “Metabolic Immune Protection Index”. |
A tabela 2 mostra a distribuição dos agentes patogênicos periodontais e a presença de periodontite. Todas as participantes foram reagrupadas para refletir a presença ou ausência de periodontite (Grupos P e NP). Conforme esperado, foi detectada diferença estatisticamente significativa em relação a alguns agentes patogênicos periodontais, bem como na coinfecção, ao comparar esses dois grupos. Foram detectados com maior frequência em mulheres com periodontite Pg (p=0,023) e Pi (p=0,009) em comparação àquelas sem a doença. A presença de três ou mais agentes patogênicos também foi achado mais comum em puérperas com periodontite em comparação com indivíduos não afetados (91,93% versus 80,26%; p=0,030). |
We first recorded the contour of the cell in the bright-field and the ensemble appearance of the Z-ring in the green fluorescence channel prior to PALM imaging (Figure 2C). We then used a near-UV laser (405 nm) simultaneously with a yellow laser (570 nm) in epi-illumination mode to continuously activate and excite single FtsZ-mEos2 molecules (Figure 2A). The excitation power of the 570-nm laser was adjusted high enough so that most molecules were imaged and photobleached within one frame (Figure 2B). Acquisition continued until 20,000 frames were acquired or until FtsZ-mEos2 activation became very infrequent. The positions of single FtsZ-mEos2 molecules in each frame of this series were then determined, calibrated and plotted together to construct a PALM image (Figure 2C and Text S1). Only molecules with a localization precision of 25 nm or better were used to construct PALM images. The average localization precision of plotted FtsZ-mEos2 molecules in images reported in this work was 14±6 nm unless otherwise noted (Text S1, Figure S1A). The average spatial resolution of the resulting PALM images, determined by calculating the displacement between the fitted positions of the same molecule in two consecutive frames, was 34±20 nm (see below, Text S1 and Figure S1C). |
Статистический анализ. Данные анализировали посредством языка программирования R 3.6.2 и с графиче- ской оболочкой RStudio Desktop 1.1.463. Анализ на нор- мальность распределения данных проводили критерием согласия Андерсона– Дарлинга, с учетом коэффициентов эксцесса и асимметрии. Корреляцию между массой тела и уровнем холестерина в крови самок-доноров ооцитов, а также между массой тела самок-доноров ооцитов и аб- солютным числом фотонов оценивали с использованием ранговой корреляции Стьюдента. Значения представлены как среднее ± SEM. Различия средних между группами оценивали t-критерием Стьюдента, а для неравных дис- персий – критерием Кохрана–Кокса. Уровень значимости принимали при p < 0.05. |
Trotz gesellschaftlicher Beharrungskräfte stellen soziale Institutionen keine unabänderlichen Gewissheiten dar, sondern sind Gegenstand permanenter Aushandlungsprozesse. Denn „durch den Umstand, dass ein Leitbild immer auch diffus bleibt, ist es für die Vielzahl an beteiligten Subjekten anschlussfähig. […] Die Subjekte befinden sich durch die wandelbaren Leitbilder in einem wiederkehrenden unabgeschlossenen Interpretationsprozess“ (Bohmann und Lindner 2020, S. 37). Die oben geäußerte Kritik aufgreifend lässt sich das wohlfahrtsstaatliche Solidaritätsnarrativ so genauer bestimmen. Dient es einerseits als normativer Ankerpunkt in parteipolitischen und parlamentarischen Debatten, ist die institutionalisierte Leitidee der Solidarität andererseits selbst sozialem Wandel ausgesetzt und muss sich gegen widerstreitende Leitideen durchsetzen und neu erfinden. |
In this study, EEG leads were not surgically implanted as has been described elsewhere [2, 8]. There are considerations which favor non-surgical implantation: 1. To reduce the potential effect of an additional anesthesia sessions and to avoid surgery on the rats ; 2, The experimental protocol allowed for EEG lead placement while these animals were in deep anesthesia, a seemingly stress-free condition. The electrodes were removed and the experiment ended when the animals recovered their righting reflex. |
It is reported that if the surface area of a Mg implant is less than 9 cm2, the dissolved Mg2+ would be easily consumed by the human body. However, the rapid generation of hydrogen/hydroxide anions due to the corrosion process could pose serious problems for patients. For instance, such severe side effects of rapid generation of hydrogen may prevent the possible application of a Mg stent in a blood circulating vascular system . Therefore, the rapid degradation of pure Mg due to accelerated corrosion in a physiological environment is found to be the main concern and prevents the use of Mg as an implant in bone or joint repair procedures. This forced medical surgeons to move forward with highly corrosion-resistant hard metallic devices [19–21]. |
S. haematobium and S. bovis have different intermediate host specificities. S haematobium only infects snails within the genus Bulinus while S. bovis can also infect Planorbarius snails (widely present in the Iberian Peninsula), together with Bulinus species. The potential distribution range of the disease may thus be enhanced if the hybrid is able to infect the intermediate hosts of both parental species. Interestingly, the natural European hybrid schistosomes, that we recovered in Corsica, were not able to infect our laboratory strain of P. metidjensis, but displayed high levels of compatibility with Corsican B. truncatus (24% infection prevalence) which is consistent with previous schistosome-snail compatibility assessments for the hybrid parasite recovered directly from an infected patient in 2014 . This is consistent with the predominance of S. haematobium within the genome of this hybrid, and may open the door to vector based control, e.g. by control strategies targeting these snails. However, although our findings indicate that P. metidjensis is not a host for this European hybrid we cannot exclude the possibility that other strains of P. metidjensis from Europe or Africa could be compatible and act as a host. Moreover, as the tested miracidia were collected after passage through a laboratory host, potentially inducing a population bottleneck, further testing on various hybrid field isolates is warranted. One other fundamental concern is the capacity of such introgressed schistosomes to infect livestock or other animal reservoir hosts. The zoonotic potential of the hybrids would strongly impact the parasite transmission in the field, in and out of endemic areas, and may hamper our capacity to maintain adequate control strategies as schistosomiasis treatment focuses almost exclusively on humans. Recent studies are now showing the presence of not only S. bovis, S. haematobium, and S. mansoni in rodents (hosts in which hybridization may occur), but also the occurrence of S. haematobium x bovis hybrids in such hosts in Senegal and Benin although the importance of rodents in transmission dynamics needs further exploration. Moreover, beside widespread investigation of animal reservoir in Senegal to date only one study in Benin suggests that other animals such as cattle may be natural hosts for such hybrid parasites . The situation in Corsica and the role of animal reservoir needs to be precisely investigated as despite ongoing transmission and developing endemicity on the island , no infection has been detected in livestock in the region, and the only infected animals found were two rats that do not seem to play a significant role in the transmission for this particular foci . However, we cannot rule out the influence of an undetected animal reservoir such as Ovis aries musimon, a wild sheep native to Corsica, that have never been tested for infections . |
Tissue was collected directly in the operating room by placing resected material into either cold formalin (Condition A) or room temperature formalin (Condition B, Fig. 2). Condition A tissue was maintained at the same temperature by transporting within the cold transport device with a custom data logger that records the time of fixation, temperature, and transport specific parameters (including leaked fixative or aberrant acceleration, i.e. “dropping” the specimen). Condition B tissue was fixed for 4 h at room temperature and thereafter processed the same as the cold formalin sample. |
A nitric oxide (NO) quantification assay (R&D Systems, Abingdon, UK) was used to measure total NO in blood plasma samples. For this purpose, endogenous nitrate was converted to nitrite by nitrate reductase. The total nitrite was quantified as a chromophoric azo-derivative of the Griess reagent at 550 nm. |
Data are presented as means ± standard error of the mean (SEM). SPSS 18.0 was used for statistical analysis. Comparisons between two groups, paired Student’s t test, and comparison between two factors two-way ANOVA followed by post hoc testing (Bonferroni correction) were conducted. Statistical significance was set at p < 0.05 (*) and p < 0.01 (**). |
3. 使用四种预后模型进行预后危险度分层：我们根据IPS-E、CLL-IPI、CLL1-PM和Barcelona-Brno模型对本研究纳入的110例Binet A期患者进行危险度分层（表2）。其中100例CLL患者可进行IPS-E模型评分，并分为低危组（23例）、中危组（36例）、高危组（41例），其中位TTFT分别为未达到、51个月和17个月，预计5年内未治疗概率分别为77.9％、49.3％和35.2％，各组无治疗生存的差异有统计学意义（P<0.001）（图1A）。77例患者可进行CLL1-PM模型评分，并分为低危组（38例）、中危组（22例）、高危组（10例）、极高危组（7例），其中位TTFT分别为未达到、51个月、7个月与12个月，预计5年内未治疗概率分别为73.8％、41.0％、20.0％与0，各组无治疗生存的差异有统计学意义（P<0.001）（图1B）；组间比较示高危组与极高危组中位TTFT的差异无统计学意义（P＝0.425），其余各组间差异有统计学意义（表2）。93例患者可应用CLL-IPI模型评分，分为低危组（45例）、中危组（30例）、高危组（10例）、极高危组（8例），其中位TTFT分别为未达到、31个月、23个月与7个月；预计5年内未治疗概率分别为66.4％、45.2％、20.0％与0；各组无治疗生存的差异有统计学意义（P<0.001）（图1C）。98例CLL患者可应用Barcelona-Brno模型评分，分为低危组（69例）、中危组（15例）、高危组（14例），其中位TTFT分别为未达到、31个月和9个月，预计5年内未治疗概率分别为60.5％、40.0％和7.1％；各组无治疗生存的差异有统计学意义（P<0.001）（图1D）。 |
Without cytokines, the viability of both normal and CML G0 and G1/S/G2/M cells declines rapidly and few viable labeled or unlabeled cells remain after 2-3 days and almost none after 4-5 days. Viability was estimated by the fraction of intact cells excluding trypan blue. However in the presence of 6 or 7 cytokines (KL + FL + TPO, each 50 ng/ml, + G-CSF + GM-CSF + IL-3 ± IL-6, each 10 ng (ml), viability remains excellent (95–100%) and the majority of both normal and CML total CD34+ cells and G0 and G1/S/G2/M cells are induced to proliferate rapidly in liquid culture with average doubling times of ~30 hours. Continuous exposure to BrdU (5 μm) is toxic to both proliferating normal and CML cells, and viability declines rapidly after 2 days so results comparing incorporation of BrdU during continuous exposure of cytokine stimulated G0 cells is limited to the first 48 hours. With stimulation by 7 cytokines, 92% and 94% of CML G0 cells incorporated BrdU during continuous exposure for 24 and 48 hours, respectively, (average of 3 experiments) while the corresponding 24 and 48 values for normal G0 cells were 8% and 72%, respectively. These experiments suggest that the majority of both normal and CML CD34+G0 and G1/S/G2/M cells remain viable and can be stimulated to proliferate with 7 cytokines, but that the CML/G0 cells are more poised than the normal G0 cells to begin proliferating. |
Nine aerosol samples—three from vaping of THC, three from vaping of VEA, and three from vaping of 50%/50% THC/VEA—were collected on ELPI+ foils and were extracted so that they could be analyzed for non-targeted chemical analysis. Each set of ELPI+ foils collected from a single vaping session was placed in a separate 30-mL glass jar, to which 15 mL of methylene chloride was added. The jar was sealed and shaken slowly for 15 min at room temperature, and the extract was transferred to a glass bottle. Extraction was repeated twice with 15 mL of methylene chloride each time, combining the three extracts from the same sample to yield 45 mL of extract solution (sample solutions showed large peaks for both THC and VEA, no sample concentration was performed to avoid potential carry-over effects that could be caused by the high boiling temperatures of both THC and VEA) |
Mitochondria play an important role in cell energy metabolism12 through the tricarboxylic acid cycle (TCA), whose main product is adenosine triphosphate (ATP), the fundamental energy molecule for cells12. If the ATP supply is insufficient, it can damage organs and tissues with high energy demand, such as the heart, muscles, and brain, leading to serious diseases12. Citrate synthase (CS), α-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase (OGDH), isocitrate dehydrogenase 2 (IDH2), and malic dehydrogenase 2 (MDH2) are key enzymes in the TCA cycle. If the expression of these key enzymes is dysregulated, the cell’s function is negatively affected. |
Most of the 154 MS isolates (91%) showed MIC values of enrofloxacin greater than 2 μg/mL, 11 isolates (7.1%) showed MIC values of 2 μg/mL, and 3 isolates (1.9%) showed MIC values of 1 μg/mL. One hundred and twenty-four isolates (80.5%) had MIC values greater than the highest concentration of the antibiotic present in the plate (16 μg/mL). MIC50 and MIC90 values of enrofloxacin were the highest registered, together with those of erythromycin. |
In order to determine the relative contribution of child maltreatment and relational peer victimization for the prediction of attentional bias indices, several sets of hierarchical multiple regression analysis were conducted. For this purpose, we used the continuous sum scores of the CTQ subscales emotional abuse, emotional neglect, physical abuse, and sexual abuse as well as the continuous sum score of the FBS. In the hierarchical regression analyses, age and gender were included as predictors in a first step. In a second step, emotional abuse, emotional neglect, physical abuse, and sexual abuse were added. Relational peer victimization was added in a third step. In the emotional Stroop task sample, regression analyses were conducted separately for the emotional Stroop index score and RTs of trials with negatively associated faces and trials of neutrally associated faces. Here, preliminary analyses showed no violation of the assumption of multicollinearity (tolerances > 0.40; variance inflation factors < 2.48). In the dot-probe task sample, hierarchical regression analyses were conducted separately for each of the three indices of the dot-probe task presented above. Preliminary analyses showed no violation of the assumption of multicollinearity in this sample (tolerances > 0.29; variance inflation factors < 3.50). |
The Catalan case study identified 0.21% of all patients hospitalised as European foreigners. The MARQuIS questionnaire study identified 0.64% of the total admissions in 182 hospitals as European foreign patients. These results are consistent with earlier findings that although the movement of patients across borders has been a reality in Europe for more than 30 years, in terms of numbers it has never been great.14 15 |
In terms of model building, the VAR is by nature not parsimonious due to its multivariate structure. Additional lag terms or covariates would substantially increase the number of parameters to be estimated, depending on the number of endogenous variables which are of interest. However, a major strength is that the proposed VAR framework is generalizable to many multi-strain diseases, such as influenza. One only needs to have prior biological knowledge on the direction of short term cross-immunity between different strains of the same pathogen as well as recorded case counts across time for each strain, in order to understand across strain interactions on the population level. This allows easy construction of restrictions to sign-identify a VAR. Our study primarily focused on dengue in Singapore; future work should examine whether these findings are different in other dengue settings. |
Odd liquid crystal dimers are a kind of liquid crystals (LC) that are attracting considerable attention nowadays in the field of materials science, due to both their fundamental interest as well as to their potential applications in flexoelectric-based electrooptic devices. They are formed of two rigid units linked via a flexible spacer, with an odd number of carbons . Dielectric studies show that their molecular dynamics is richer than the one of conventional LC monomers, as additional motions may appear . This is the case for the non-symmetric LC dimers, such as the one studied in the present work, the so-called α-(4-cyanobiphenyl-4′-oxy)-ω-(1-pyreniminebenzylidene-4′-oxy) undecane (CBO11O.Py) . CBO11O.Py is formed by two significantly different rigid units: A cyanobiphenyl core, which is promesogenic (i.e., gives rise by itself to liquid crystalline phases) and a pyrene unit, which is bulkier than the former and was thought as a possible trigger of the glass transition of the LC dimer. |
Enlightening the income-related inequality among districts of Pakistan, the decomposition analysis of our study makes clear that monetary status gives better details about the most accessible HHR inequality. Previous studies have been illustrated that a low level of income group has a low level of health facilities as financial status has a rising effect on Pakistan health contribution. This might be due to growing needs of health services, so more doctors and nurses have the desire to work in advanced and monetary developed districts that provides them with better incentive, packages, benefits, operational environment and have more chances to build their careers. However, how to equally allocate HHR among the districts of Pakistan with a different monetary level is still one of the essential concerns to be pondered on the health care policy. This result of our study is consistent with the study of [19, 46]. The second investigative variable with comparatively significant involvement of HHR disparity is population size. Pakistan has become the sixth most populous country in the current world. The Board of Directors (BOD) has been rendered by worse in increasing population . Currently, the community is growing at a speed of 1.9% every year, while contraceptive prevalence is only 35%, which is too much inferior as compared to other regional countries. Unmet need for birth is about 25% . The government already executed the family planning and population planning policies, but religious group opposes those policies which fail the systems. Another reason is that government did not have a monitoring system in place to regulate health centers or keep records of the population growth despite the fact that population welfare program of Pakistan is one of the oldest in the world but it has not yielded the kind of progress as compared to other countries like Bangladesh and Indonesia . So the government and policy-making institutions need to provide full knowledge and understanding among the people of societies and then make proper strategies to overcome this population related inequality of HHR. This result of our investigation is consistent with . |
Telemedicine can be defined broadly as the use of telecommunications technology to provide medical information and services . With the evolution in technology and online services, telemedicine may prove a compelling alternative to conventional acute, chronic, and preventive care . Telemedicine, particularly video consultations, has been promoted to reduce the risk of disease transmission . Certain reports have recently described potential benefits and applications of telemedicine during the COVID-19 pandemic . However, the effectiveness of telemedicine in improving infection control has not been well studied, as most evidence has been obtained from clinical cases, and some studies merely propose theoretical assumptions. |
Structure of NQO2 in complex with imatinib. A) Cartoon representation of the NQO2 dimer bound to imatinib. The two monomers (colored green and orange) are related by a crystallographic two-fold axis of rotation. B) Difference electron density (contoured at 3.0 σ) from a map calculated with the imatinib ligand removed is shown over the refined model of the imatinib-bound NQO2. In each panel, the FAD and imatinib molecules are depicted as yellow and blue stick figures, respectively; carbon is colored yellow (FAD) or light blue (imatinib); nitrogen, blue; oxygen, red; phosphorus, orange. Bound zinc ions are shown as grey spheres. |
On the short arm of chromosome 2A, a cluster of significant SNPs covering a genetic distance of 9.4–47.0 cM was detected. Among these, IWB11136 (mapped at 9.4 cM), IWB6584 (mapped at 26 cM) and IWB57199 (mapped at 47.0 cM) showed strong associations (FDR P < 0.1) across multiple locations and growing seasons. The phenotypic variation explained by IWB11136, IWB6584 and IWB57199 loci ranged from 3.5–8.3%, 3.1–11.2% and 3.4–9.5%, respectively. Each SNP was in strong LD with each other (r 2 = 0.60, 0.68 and 0.88 between IWB11136 and IWB6584, IWB11136 and IWB57199; and IWB6584 and IWB57199, respectively), in spite of extended genetic distance in the consensus map. |
The precise mechanism that underpins reverse migration of neutrophils is yet to be identified, but several mechanisms have been proposed. Competition between chemoattractant sources, neutrophil downregulation/desensitization of specific chemokine receptors, decreased levels of chemoattractant, endothelial permeability, and neutrophil intrinsic transcriptional changes are amongst the mechanisms that are proposed to explain neutrophil reverse migration. Recently, Wang et al. (Wang et al., 2017), used photoactivatable-GFP (PA-GFP) neutrophils to track their final destination during inflammation. They reported and revealed that 24 h after injury, neutrophils had left the site of injury and were found in the lungs and bone marrow. The reverse migrating neutrophils found in the bone marrow showed increased expression of CXCR4 (Buckley et al., 2013; Nourshargh et al., 2016; Wang et al., 2017), indicating a markedly strong migration pattern towards the bone marrow. Another proposed mechanism that may affect neutrophil reverse migration is the ability of inflammation to affect endothelial permeability. For instance, inflammation damages the endothelial junctions, thus increasing endothelial permeability and leakage. The leakage of chemokines from the site of inflammation creates a secondary chemotactic gradient that confuses neutrophils to reenter the circulation (Marki and Ley, 2020; Owen-Woods et al.). Other studies have speculated that loss of sensitivity to chemokine cues forces neutrophils to move in a reverse direction. For example, it has been shown that during reverse migration neutrophils have downregulated expression of the chemokine receptor CXCR1 (Buckley et al., 2006), and are thus unable to respond to the main chemokines responsible for neutrophil migration. Chemotactic repellent is another mechanism hypothesized to be implicated in neutrophil reverse migration (de Oliveira et al., 2016). CXCL8 functions as a chemoattractant at lower concentrations, at higher concentrations, though, it acts as chemorepellent (Tharp et al., 2006). In addition to these, other mechanisms have been proposed for reverse migration (Elks et al., 2011; Nourshargh et al., 2016; Ji and Fan, 2021). Although an interesting and promising pathway, many questions remain unanswered in the process of reverse migration and more research must be conducted before we fully uncover the mechanistic details behind this orchestrated movement of neutrophils in the context of inflammation. |
Din punct de vedere funcțional, opoziția policelui, prehensiunea și pensele au fost posibile, dar realizate cu dificultate, efectua singur mobilitatea în pat, transferul din clinostatism în poziția șezut scurtat la marginea patului și din șezut în ortostatism au fost realizate independent, menținea ortostatismul fără ajutor și se deplasa pe distanțe scurte și medii cu sprijin în cârjă canadiană, cu schema modificată: mers spastic, cosit, flexie insuficientă de genunchi, atac digitigrad, risc moderat de dezechilibru și cădere. |
DNA bisulfite primers were designed using Methyl Primer Express v1.0 (Applied Biosystems) according to the following criteria: sequences covered the area amplified by the MSP primers of the respective gene promoter including the transcription start point, maximum fragment length was 450 bp, preferably none and maximum two CpG sites were included in each primer, and when possible, repetitive sequences of more than eight bases were avoided. Primer sequences, product fragment lengths, primer locations, MgCl2 reaction concentration, and PCR annealing temperatures are listed in Additional file 1, Table S1. A representative promoter region of CNRIP1, FBN1, INA, and SNCA was subjected to direct bisulfite sequencing in 20 colon cancer cell lines, as previously described . The approximate amount of methyl cytosine of each CpG site was calculated by comparing the peak height of the cytosine signal with the sum of the cytosine and thymine peak height signals . CpG sites with ratios ranging from 0-0.20 were classified as unmethylated, CpG sites within the range 0.21-0.80 were classified as partially methylated, and CpG sites ranging from 0.81-1.0 were classified as hypermethylated. |
Selon les déclarations des accouchées, les causes majeures qui ont empêché la réalisation du dépistage du VIH étaient: le dépistage du VIH n'a pas été proposé par les prestataires lors des CPN (26,2%), le manque d'information (16,5%), la fidélité du couple (13,6%) et le manque d'intérêt pour ce test (12,3%) (Tableau 2). |
Symptoms that might be a recurrence are of concern, but HCPs are trusted to manage the reality through appointments and their knowledge of the individual’s case presentation. The sense of having minimal reserves means that the tellers of this story will not focus on the possibility of a recurrence. The teller is passive in their circumstances and reliant on HCPs who they report very strongly always treated them as an individual. |