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OpenBookQA
OpenBookQA-1401
The first trial that gives the most information is to do four vs. four (ABCD vs. EFGH). No matter what the result we have reduced the possible solutions from 24 to 8. Possibilities Test Result Possibilities A lighter A heavier B lighter B heavier C lighter C heavier D lighter D heavier E lighter E heavier F lighter F ...
[ "moon", "Earth", "pebble", "cat" ]
B
the earth has more mass than the moon
OpenBookQA
OpenBookQA-1402
atmosphere, ocean, hydrology, climate-change Comment: I strongly endorse the use of wind and hydropower as sources of energy over the further use of fossil fuels. However, I still think it is important to do research into the actual renewability of presumed-renewable energy sources, as we don't want to end up with ano...
[ "stars", "Oil", "sand clay", "fossil fuels" ]
C
a renewable resource can be replaced
OpenBookQA
OpenBookQA-1403
spherical-astronomy This next chart shows the results of the calculations for the same time period:blue trace and left axis for the longitude of the ascending node and red trace, right axis for orbital obliquity. The chart doesn't show anything that's actually happening on any pair of days, just the results of calcul...
[ "a waning crescent", "a waxing crescent", "a waning gibbous", "a waxing gibbous" ]
B
the first quarter phase of the moon occurs after the new moon
OpenBookQA
OpenBookQA-1404
newtonian-gravity, free-fall, weight Title: No water from hole of the cup because of weightlessness? Let's say I have cup with water, but with a little hole in the bottom of cup somewhere Galileo worked out that if you just let something fall, it will accelerate towards the ground at the same rate whatever it is. ...
[ "Mars", "the earth", "the moon", "third planet" ]
C
the moon does not contain water
OpenBookQA
OpenBookQA-1405
evolution, botany, photosynthesis, speculative, chloroplasts Title: Why do plants have green leaves and not red? I know plants are green due to chlorophyll. Surely it would be more beneficial for plants to be red than green as by being green they reflect green light and do not absorb it even though green light has mor...
[ "is dry", "is dead", "is clear", "is healthy" ]
D
chlorophyll is used for absorbing light energy by plants
OpenBookQA
OpenBookQA-1406
human-biology, neuroscience, brain, endocrinology, sleep Title: Is it possible for a human to wake up in a wrong way? There's an old folk saying that goes like "He got out of bed on a wrong foot" - to indicate that the person's day is going poorly because of the way that person woke up. Is it is possible for a human t...
[ "may flood beaches", "may make whiskey", "may cease existence", "may file lawsuit" ]
C
if an organism becomes too hot then that organism may die
OpenBookQA
OpenBookQA-1407
ros i7-7700k 16GB RAM GTX 1050 Ti graphics card H170 chipset motherboard 120 GB SSD For Gazebo, you want a CPU with a high single core frequency, rather than many cores (ie, choose i7 over a server type CPU with 16 cores at 2.2GHz). Using htop to see resource usage, it seems that Gazebo server has two main threads th...
[ "money", "positive ions", "a mommy", "youtube" ]
B
electric devices require electrical energy to function
OpenBookQA
OpenBookQA-1408
civil-engineering, architecture, cooling Title: How are passive houses made in very hot regions (like Saudi Arabia)? I think, here is the main problem the difference between the internal and the external temperature. For example, in Saudi Arabia, in 50 C, a passive house needed probably much sophisticated planning as ...
[ "biological entities", "biological weapons", "cold entities", "astronomical entities" ]
A
cold environments contain few organisms
OpenBookQA
OpenBookQA-1409
astronomy, everyday-life, popular-science, climate-science It is for much the same reason that Winter is colder than Autumn, even though they have the same amount of daylight hours. The following is multiple choice question (with options) to answer. Several animals flourish in cold temperatures like
[ "Lizards", "Terns", "Antelope", "Kangaroos" ]
B
cold environments contain few organisms
OpenBookQA
OpenBookQA-1410
rotation, habitable-zone, weather, astrobiology One of the interesting historical facts of life on Earth, at least to me, is how long it took what we might consider advanced life to develop. One celled life in various forms was around for over 3 billion years but the first fossils are about 650 million years old. ...
[ "plants will continue to flourish", "ponds may dry up", "tadpoles will mature faster into frogs", "animals will experience a boom in reproduction" ]
B
a greenhouse is used to protect plants by keeping them warm
OpenBookQA
OpenBookQA-1411
rivers, geomorphology Title: Is initial stream formation in a drainage basin random? It's known that stream orders are highly regular: Horton showed that stream order is related to number of streams, channel length, and drainage area by simple geometric relationships; that is, stream order plots against these variabl...
[ "rock fights", "sheep herds", "bunny rolls", "speaking deer" ]
B
as the available water in an environment increases , the populations of organisms in that environment will increase
OpenBookQA
OpenBookQA-1412
An example of an "unjustified step" occurred famously in Andrew Wiles's first announcement that he had proved Fermat's Last Theorem. Someone (actually, I think multiple people) found a mistake in the proof he presented. After he made a considerable additional effort, he was finally able to present a proof without that ...
[ "learned", "found", "instinctive", "given" ]
C
an animal knows how to do instinctive behaviors when it is born
OpenBookQA
OpenBookQA-1413
time, navigation Help me get my character back to 1962...in time to get involved in the Cuban Missile Crisis! Edit To Add: It's been autosuggested that I edit my question. What I'm looking for are patterns in the night sky which might predictably change over long periods and which a physicist knowledgeable of astronom...
[ "darkness and light", "constant nuclear fission", "supernovas", "black holes" ]
A
a planet rotating causes cycles of day and night on that planet
OpenBookQA
OpenBookQA-1414
magnetic-fields, earth Title: Would a compass on its side point at the ground? From a point just north of the equator, A straight line to the Magnetic North would be through the earth. If a compass was turned on it's side, would the north pointing arrow point toward the ground along that straight line? A compass is us...
[ "pointing east", "pointing west", "pointing at arctic", "pointing to space" ]
C
when the needle of a compass lines up with Earth 's magnetic poles , the needle points north
OpenBookQA
OpenBookQA-1415
zoology Title: Are penguins plantigrade or digigrade? I'm trying to rig a 3D model of a penguin, but I don't know where to put the bones near the ankle because I can't tell if they're digigrade or plantigrade. Nearly all birds are digigrade, but penguins spend a lot of time walking and don't generally grasp or run wit...
[ "a cold pole", "a zoo", "a frozen habitat", "a native forest" ]
D
some birds live in forests
OpenBookQA
OpenBookQA-1416
reflection Title: Why the transmitted pulse in pulse-echo technique cannot be too long? Question. An ultrasound pulse-echo technique is used to produce an image by reflection from many boundaries. If the transmitted pulse is too long, the image produced is of poor quality. Why? My attempt. If the transmitted pulse is...
[ "atmosphere", "tables", "surface winds", "sunlight" ]
B
echo is when sound reflects off of a surface
OpenBookQA
OpenBookQA-1417
thermodynamics, evaporation, gas, liquid-state On the water surface, knowing the temperature, we can estimate the vapor pressure and vapor mixture fraction. Then there will be an diffusion process for the water vapor to move out and for the ambient air to move in. Because the water surface doesn't allow the air to fur...
[ "make pasta", "clean the windows", "drink water", "dry your hair" ]
A
evaporation is a stage in the water cycle process
OpenBookQA
OpenBookQA-1418
ros, ros-kinetic, cram Originally posted by mgao on ROS Answers with karma: 1 on 2019-04-20 Post score: 0 Hi, The object centered view is generated for the cases when the object is completely not in camera view or only a part of it is visible. That is, the object is not occluded by other object but the robot is not l...
[ "gigantic", "minute", "small", "tiny" ]
A
if an object is close then that object will appear large
OpenBookQA
OpenBookQA-1419
design, hydraulics Title: possibility for hydraulic accumulator with no moving parts? Some background for context only I am in the process of designing a pressure system where my pressurized fluid needs to be kept incredibly clean, with typical contaminants at the ppt or below level. The fluid in question is more comp...
[ "conservation", "deliberation", "transportation", "pollution" ]
A
An example of conservation is not using fossil fuel
OpenBookQA
OpenBookQA-1420
mechanical-engineering, gears Title: Looking for a gear similar to bicycle freewheel I have an engineering application where I would like to use a single 24v DC Stepping Motor to power two different axles of opposing direction. Basically when the motor turns clockwise, Axel A will spin and Axel B will be stationary. W...
[ "rain", "cats", "coffee grinding", "elephants" ]
C
a bicycle contains screws
OpenBookQA
OpenBookQA-1421
equinox Title: Understanding date of astronomical events I have a masters in chemistry but pretty much, a layman in astronomy. So, can you please explain to a novice like me, about this paragraph taken from the Wikipedia article on Makar Sankranti: There are two different systems to calculate the Makara Sankranti dat...
[ "biyearly", "monthly", "yearly", "biannually" ]
D
an equinox occurs twice per year
OpenBookQA
OpenBookQA-1422
the beginning of the 4 year period". then it would have been difficult to solve. Thanks Say the number of trees at the beginning of the 4 year period was x, then: At the end of the 1st year the number of trees would be $$x+\frac{1}{4}x=\frac{5}{4}*x$$; At the end of the 2nd year the number of trees would be $$(\frac{5}...
[ "size of branches", "number of leaves", "color of roots", "number of circles" ]
D
a tree growing a tree-growth ring occurs once per year
OpenBookQA
OpenBookQA-1423
meteorology, atmosphere, carbon, co2, rain Bear in mind that this assumes an enormous rainfall intensity, 100% CO2 saturation of the water and equilibrium chemical dynamics. After the raindrops hit the ground at least half of it will immediately re-evaporate back into the air, leaving, at absolute most, about 3% of th...
[ "solar light", "water", "rivers", "hydration" ]
A
as the amount of rain increases in an environment , available sunlight will decrease in that environment
OpenBookQA
OpenBookQA-1424
waves, atmospheric-science, turbulence The clouds form if the rising air reaches the lifted condensation level before the updrafts are stopped by an inversion or stable layer. The air is (relatively) clear above the downdrafts. If the convection rolls were perfectly circular, the cloud row spacing would be twice the ...
[ "flood", "sink", "precipitate", "melt" ]
C
as air pressure decreases , the chance of rain will increase
OpenBookQA
OpenBookQA-1425
It just turns out nicely for C that he is one of the people whose hat colors D and C both know about. To introduce a modified challange: if the task were to yell out C's hat color right away, D would know for certain, C would have the increased probability of $2/3$ and A and B would be stuck with the random guess of $...
[ "shiny", "red", "striped", "wrinkled" ]
D
touch can be used for detecting texture
OpenBookQA
OpenBookQA-1426
thermodynamics, energy, earth, thermal-radiation @Benjohn has given you the correct answer. Here is my take. The ultimate heat provider of the earth ( except a small percentage of heat from the magma at the center of the earth) is the sun. It pours down at the surface about 1.2 kilowatts of energy per meter square ( w...
[ "jupiter", "the moon", "a yellow dewarf", "titan" ]
C
the Sun is the star that is closest to Earth
OpenBookQA
OpenBookQA-1427
thermodynamics, atoms, phase-transition But let's look at how the states change. In a solid, you have a bunch of atoms that can be thought of as masses connected by springs. As heat is added to the system, the atoms begin to vibrate in the lattice of springs. As more heat is added, they vibrate enough to break the spr...
[ "smoothness", "water fluid", "liquidity", "fluid transport" ]
C
heat can change the state of matter
OpenBookQA
OpenBookQA-1428
newtonian-mechanics, waves, earthquake The group of curves inside the envelope but outside (2) As the quake starts to show up, the pendulum notes down every fractional increase of the it's magnitude. And so, the inclination of the ellipses totally curve out (perpendicularly) thereby forming new ellipses at right angl...
[ "trail and error", "water road", "dirt collisions", "wet trail" ]
C
tectonic plates being pushed together causes earthquakes
OpenBookQA
OpenBookQA-1429
navigation, mapping, rviz I can see the grid (of course). I can see black lines which match the walls that my Kinect can see. These match the documentation on the wiki at /rviz/DisplayTypes/Map) as being cells that are occupied. So far this makes sense. But I can also see a greyish green transparent horizontal bar ...
[ "the slopes of the Rocky Mountains", "underwater ocean forests and coral", "trees packed close together", "The great northwestern plains" ]
C
a dense forest environment is often dark in color
OpenBookQA
OpenBookQA-1430
botany Title: Do any plants exhibit hormonal changes similar to puberty? Just what the title states. Are there any plants/trees that exhibit a growth spurt at a definite interval after the shoot appears? In flowering plants (the angiosperms) there are several developmental transitions in the life of the plant. I won...
[ "monarchs", "grass", "carnivores", "toy butterfly" ]
A
as the size of a flower increases , the number of pollinators it will attract increases
OpenBookQA
OpenBookQA-1431
species-identification, entomology Title: Bug on wall identification request I've been finding a few of these on the same wall of my apartment the path month. Size is maybe 3-5 mm. I live in an apartment in Toronto Canada. Thanks in advance! Without clearer photos it is pretty hard to say, however, I think it is likel...
[ "brown", "gray", "green", "black" ]
A
An example of camouflage is when something has the same color as its environment
OpenBookQA
OpenBookQA-1432
physical-chemistry, everyday-chemistry, thermodynamics As a comparison to this example, let's check out two liquids that do mix. 3. Water and ethanol For the water, we have basically the same situation as before -- water molecules forming good bonds to each other. The ethanol, though, has an -OH group that can form bo...
[ "corn with butter", "sand and pebbles", "cream and coffee", "dirt and sand" ]
C
An example of combining two substances is pouring one substance into the other substance
OpenBookQA
OpenBookQA-1433
motor, hardware, dc Title: Choosing the right dc motor I'm trying to find the optimal components list for a radio controlled lawn mover i'm trying to build. The blades will be rotated by a 140 cc engine. I choose this engine because it's already mine. It's weight is 25 kg The movement will be electrical powered by ...
[ "UV rays", "a cloudy day", "dinosaur remains", "an AC current" ]
C
oil is a source of energy
OpenBookQA
OpenBookQA-1434
Remark $\$ This is a special case of ubiquitous multiplicative telescopy $$\rm \frac{a_1}{a_n}\, =\, \frac{a_1}{\color{#C00}{a_2}}\frac{\color{#C00}{a_2}}{\color{#0A0}{a_3}}\frac{\color{#0A0}{a_3}}{\cdots}\cdots\dfrac{\cdots}{\color{brown}{a_{n-1}}}\frac{\color{brown}{a_{n-1}}}{a_n}$$ - The following is multiple cho...
[ "a jagged raised welt you've had since you fell down the stairs 6 years ago", "freckles from your mom's genes", "brown, curly hair that resembles your sister's", "a large nose just like your dad's" ]
A
a scar is an acquired characteristic
OpenBookQA
OpenBookQA-1435
electromagnetism, electricity, electrons, atoms, voltage 1Actually, electrons are also small magnets themselves (they have an instrisic quantum-mechanical spin) and therefore are attracted to inhomogenic magnetic fields, but that's quite another issue. 2Actually, it would... but that's mostly relevant in the high-freq...
[ "a zipper", "a cat", "a lightbulb", "a bench" ]
A
if something contains a large amount of magnetic material then that something will attract magnets
OpenBookQA
OpenBookQA-1436
species-identification, zoology, entomology Title: Species identification; clusters of big plump red bugs in Taipei I saw these red insects in Taipei near XinBeitou MRT station in the last week of April 2017, around lunch time. They were fairly active and would keep checking each other out with their antennae for a mo...
[ "sport team", "water bill", "dating pool", "infestation" ]
D
an ecosystem contains large numbers of living organisms in a particular place
OpenBookQA
OpenBookQA-1437
tissue Title: Tissues in plants and animals What is the equivalent connective tissue in plants? Connective tissue in animals are mostly made up of collagen. What about in plants? Connective tissue in animals are mostly made up of collagen Tissue is not like a simple chemical mixture ; rather tissue means a group ...
[ "show for the ladies", "rest and repair itself", "get other muscles out of the way", "stretch out an arm" ]
D
muscles pull bones to move the bones
OpenBookQA
OpenBookQA-1438
earthquakes, seismology, instrumentation, in-situ-measurements, diy Title: Using accelerometer as a seismograph I'm using ADXL345 accelerometer with Raspberry Pi to build a seismograph. I've successfully hooked it up and can plot the accelerometer data in three axis. Is there any way to express these data in the form ...
[ "how wet a storm made the ground", "how badly things were shaking", "how loud a siren was", "how fast a cheetah is" ]
B
a seismometer is used to measure the strength or magnitude of an earthquake
OpenBookQA
OpenBookQA-1439
newtonian-gravity, water, flow, fluid-statics Title: Is there a way to fill Tank 2 from Tank 1 through Gravity alone? I am a newbie in water system design but I am currently faced with the exact situation below on my land, and I need to know whether gravity alone is sufficient in order to fill Tank 2 from Tank 1, as I...
[ "shelters", "sustenance", "rainy days", "mates" ]
B
as available water in an environment decreases , the amount of available food in that environment will decrease
OpenBookQA
OpenBookQA-1440
1. all chicks peck to the left. 0% of chicks are unpecked. 2. all chicks peck to the right. 0% of chicks are unpecked. 3. all chicks, divided in pairs, peck each other, 0% of chicks are unpecked. 4. chicks are divided in groups of 4, where the pair in the middle pecks each other, while chicks on the edge peck this pair...
[ "elsewhere", "north", "Narnia", "the moon" ]
A
An example of migration is birds flying south in the winter
OpenBookQA
OpenBookQA-1441
A common example of this is with $f \equiv 0$ and $g \equiv 1$, the characteristic function of the rationals which is continuous nowhere. • This is a great reference! I have seen many variations of this type of problem, so it's very nice to have such a concise generalization. – OGBerglemir May 19 '18 at 20:13 • Thank ...
[ "the thickness of a horse's mane", "the length of a horse's mane", "the number of legs a horse has", "the color of a horse's mane" ]
B
the length of the hair of an animal is an acquired characteristic
OpenBookQA
OpenBookQA-1442
homework Title: How to determine if this blood disorder is recessive or dominant? This question is from "Concepts of Genetics," Klug & Cummings, 10e. "Thalassemia is an inherited anemic disorder in humans. Affected individuals exhibit either a minor anemia or a major anemia. Assuming that only a single gene pair and t...
[ "hair length", "clothing style", "bone thickness", "language skills" ]
C
the thickness of the parts of an organism is an inherited characteristic
OpenBookQA
OpenBookQA-1443
climate-change, climate In this case, as it is an area that it is almost constantly cloudy with high humidity, temperature is varying just a little bit, and except the first day of the period, it seems that there is no relationship. In fact, on the second day there was a storm (I am living now at Singapore) and it is ...
[ "good for skin", "high in moister", "extremely dry", "very sunny" ]
B
moist means high in moisture
OpenBookQA
OpenBookQA-1444
everyday-chemistry, water, absorption Fig. B is complete speculation on my part as I did not return to the home during Winter to observe it. However in Spring when I returned, all of the tubs had experienced a change in their appearance. All the tubs were now dry again, presumably down to evaporation due to increasin...
[ "a solution", "a battery", "sea water", "lemonade" ]
A
a solution is made of one substance dissolved in another substance
OpenBookQA
OpenBookQA-1445
However, if said that an object is an apple if and only if it is a fruit ($\text{Fruit} \iff \text{Apple}$), then that would once again mean that something has to be a fruit in order for it to be an apple, but here the main difference is that it would also have to be an apple and not an orange or a banana. If it is a f...
[ "corn", "songs", "mice", "kernels" ]
D
fruit contains seeds
OpenBookQA
OpenBookQA-1446
climate-change, sea-level Title: "Five of the Solomon Islands disappeared" due to sea level rise, how is this possible so quickly? The text of the introduction to the BBC Podcast Sea Levels Rise; The Compass, Living on the Edge Episode 1 of 4 says: Five of the Solomon Islands have disappeared, many more are becoming ...
[ "underwater buildup", "animal testing", "volcanic movies", "millionaire ideas" ]
A
an island is formed by lava cooling on the ocean floor over time
OpenBookQA
OpenBookQA-1447
photons, photon-emission, combustion In some cases a local bubble of high-energy plasma would be formed by the interaction. The plasma gets absorbed by the surrounding matter which is heated in turn. If this bubble is close enough to the surface so that the heated material has a chance to combust in contact with air, ...
[ "Seashells", "Grass", "A cat", "A paint can" ]
D
high temperatures can cause an object to combust
OpenBookQA
OpenBookQA-1448
electric-circuits, electric-current, electrical-resistance, batteries, short-circuits Title: The importance and the role of a switch in an electrical circuit There is this simple test: Three identical bulbs are connected in the circuit illustrated in the figure. When switch $S$ is closed: a] The brightness of $A$ and...
[ "brilliant sparks arc along the wall", "the light colors are switched with the dark colors", "ions are pushed along a copper wire", "a cat in a box of poison dies" ]
C
when an electrical circuit is working properly , electrical current runs through the wires in that circuit
OpenBookQA
OpenBookQA-1449
soil, moon Title: What is the difference between lunar and earth soil I know that the moon has lunar regolith and earth has earth soil, but what is the difference between them? The single biggest difference is the lack of chemical weathering in lunar soils which are subject to physical weathering almost exclusively. I...
[ "mountains", "cheese", "the lunar rover", "large lakes" ]
A
the surface of the Moon contains mountains
OpenBookQA
OpenBookQA-1450
optics, everyday-life, reflection Title: Why can't we see images reflected on a piece of paper? Why can't you see a reflected image on a piece of paper? Say you put a pen in front of the paper, even when light rays are coming from other sources, hitting the pen, reflecting back, and hitting the paper, there is no refl...
[ "lamp glow", "water", "light rain", "wind" ]
A
if an object reflects light toward the eye then that object can be seen
OpenBookQA
OpenBookQA-1451
materials The image is a modified version of an image found at www.geology.um.maine.edu. Original credit: Passchier and Trouw, pg 33 (2005). The following is multiple choice question (with options) to answer. A rock is boring, so a person wants to make it look different. A person could have it weathered by
[ "putting it in a bag", "putting it in a yard", "putting it in a dish", "putting it in a tumbler" ]
D
mechanical weathering is when rocks are broken down by mechanical means
OpenBookQA
OpenBookQA-1452
homework-and-exercises, classical-mechanics, energy, momentum Title: Impulse and car make (homework question) In my physics course it says that the more sturdy the car is the more momentum change (impulse) it will experience during a collision. The following image is a snippet of the paragraph in my course that talks ...
[ "make the car speed", "quickly bring the speed down", "turn on it's radio", "open all the doors" ]
B
skidding causes speed to decrease
OpenBookQA
OpenBookQA-1453
java, reinventing-the-wheel, console, unix With clothes the new are best, with friends the old are best. He is truly wise who gains wisdom from another's mishap. Beware of a dark-haired man with a loud tie. Today is the last day of your life so far. Flee at once, all is discovered. Man who falls in vat of molten optic...
[ "limits human access", "limits animal access", "builds a mall", "starts a riot" ]
A
An example of protecting the environment is creating protected areas
OpenBookQA
OpenBookQA-1454
identification, minerals Title: How can chemists distinguish pure chemical element specimens that look almost "the same" as well as what deposit is what in a multimineral mined rock? As a non chemist I am most often charmed when visiting Wikipedia articles of chemical elements and see images of very pure specimens of ...
[ "strong", "soft spoken", "potent", "mushy" ]
D
if one mineral can scratch another mineral then that other mineral is softer than that one mineral
OpenBookQA
OpenBookQA-1455
newtonian-mechanics, forces, planets, newtonian-gravity, tidal-effect Title: How should I be thinking about tides? I am working on a project for physics that involves tides. This is my current mind set when thinking about tides: The earth applies a gravitational force on some mass M. The moon & sun apply a gravitatio...
[ "activate turbines on shore", "rock you to sleep", "smash waves on rocks", "light a dark pathway" ]
A
tidal energy can be used to produce electricity
OpenBookQA
OpenBookQA-1456
## Ch112 The aorta carries blood away from the heart at a speed of about 39 cm/s and has a radius of approximately 1.0 cm. The aorta branches eventually into a large number of tiny capillaries that distribute the blood to the various body organs. In a capillary, the blood speed is approximately 0.072 cm/s, and the rad...
[ "could be wrapped around the earth", "is the length of a horse", "is the length of the universe", "is the length of the universe" ]
A
the circulatory system brings oxygen from the lungs to the rest of the body
OpenBookQA
OpenBookQA-1457
species-identification, mycology Title: Mushroom Identificaton(USA) I need help identifying a perculiar species of mushroom found in my yard today. Color is orange-yellow, around 3-4 inches total radius, its a cluster of tiny to medium mushrooms. They were found near an oak tree. Location is southern Georgia, USa. The...
[ "wriggling organisms", "writing organisms", "large trees", "wild fires" ]
A
decomposer is a kind of role in an ecosystem
OpenBookQA
OpenBookQA-1458
species-identification Title: What bird / animal has this call? USA MA NE I have a bird / animal coming to the trees in the backyard making this call (see link to audio file), which does not really sound like a bird - it's fairly low frequency. I have not seen it. Sometimes it sits in a young tree, where you can almos...
[ "fire", "rain", "leaves", "ducks" ]
A
fire gives off light
OpenBookQA
OpenBookQA-1459
{BB, BG, GB, GG} From these possible combinations, we can eliminate the GG combination since we know that one child is a boy. The three remaining possible combinations are: {BB, BG, GB} In these combinations there are four boys, of whom we have chosen one. Let's identify them from left to right as B1, B2, B3 and B4....
[ "a corpse", "a child", "a monster", "an adult" ]
D
reproduction occurs during adulthood
OpenBookQA
OpenBookQA-1460
evolution, zoology Title: Why are hens so different from other birds? Hens lay many eggs during their lifetime (at least, I don't know of one which can lay more eggs) and they can't fly. Compared to other domestic animals it seems to me they are the least capable of defending themselves or escape if it comes to be lef...
[ "African Driver Ant", "Humans", "Monkeys", "Goats" ]
A
as the number of eggs laid by an animal increases , the number of eggs that hatch will increase
OpenBookQA
OpenBookQA-1461
mechanical-engineering, structural-engineering, materials The net kinetic energy change for object A is $(1/2)m_A (v_{f}^2 - v_{Ao}^2)$. Apply the same for object B. As for energy absorbed by the objects individually, the answer is ambiguous. The objects cease to exist as individual objects at the moment of the collis...
[ "lower", "reduced", "escalate", "lessen" ]
C
as an object moves , the kinetic energy of that object will increase
OpenBookQA
OpenBookQA-1462
thermodynamics, fluid-dynamics, bubbles Title: Why do steam bubbles increase in size as they rise? In the following video (a customer's review of a glass kettle), we can observe water boiling: http://youtu.be/jByY5I7Xk7w?t=2m55s As the kettle starts to boil at around 2:55, we can see large steam bubbles being formed a...
[ "melts", "fries", "pools", "glows" ]
C
condensing causes a liquid to form
OpenBookQA
OpenBookQA-1463
zoology Capybara, rabbits, hamsters and other related species do not have a complex ruminant digestive system. Instead they extract more nutrition from grass by giving their food a second pass through the gut. Soft fecal pellets of partially digested food are excreted and generally consumed immediately. Consuming thes...
[ "guacamole dip", "bacteria on lettuce", "funny Youtube videos", "brown rice" ]
A
plant requires seed dispersal for reproduction
OpenBookQA
OpenBookQA-1464
visible-light, reflection Title: Why white flat surfaces are white and not mirror-like reflective? White color means very little optical absorption, so why a white flat surface (such as a wall) appears as white and not as a mirror-like surface? A mirror or (almost) any other well polished material, exhibit specular re...
[ "it scatters all photons away from it without absorbing any", "a chef specified white makes food cook better", "it was black until someone scrubbed all the blood off it and it turned white", "confining a stove to any specific color is color-shaming and indicates white privilege" ]
A
if an object reflects a light of a certain color then the object appears to be that color
OpenBookQA
OpenBookQA-1465
python, object-oriented, random def start_delay(self): '''Return random delay within <start_delay_range>.''' return random.randint(start_delay_range[0], start_delay_range[1]) def run(self): '''Turn on the light to <brightness> after <start_delay> for <duration>.''' if self.dimmable...
[ "circuit is complete", "light is unplugged", "house is destroyed", "power is out" ]
A
completing a circuit causes electricity to flow through that circuit
OpenBookQA
OpenBookQA-1466
desert, pollution, pm2.5, particulates, atmospheric-dust The inclusion of secondary aerosols, combustion particles (e.g. soot) and recondensed organo-metallic vapour can and does complicate attempts to mitigate the effects once released and would also complicate attempts to prevent the release. It could be argued that...
[ "web design course", "hard drive manufacturer", "math class", "computer programming course" ]
B
a pollutions standard is a kind of standard for reducing pollutants emitted by factories
OpenBookQA
OpenBookQA-1467
classical-mechanics, lagrangian-formalism Title: Constraint force on a rod I really hope someone will take a quick look at the following, I would just love to better understand it... This exercise is from Arnold's "Mathematical Methods of Classical Mechanics", p. 97 in the chapter on d'Alemberts principle: A rod of we...
[ "be sold", "be silent", "be audible", "be frozen" ]
C
vibrating matter can produce sound
OpenBookQA
OpenBookQA-1468
experimental-chemistry, safety Title: What components of safety should be included in a chemistry laboratory experiment conclusion? The focus of my question here is this: In a laboratory there is a Bunsen burner, a hot plate, hydrochloric acid, and concentrated ammonia. What would you mention about safety precautions...
[ "Safety goggle give you x-ray vision", "Caustic liquid man-made substances can fly up", "They protect your eyes from the sun", "Mosquitoes are a problem" ]
B
chemical splashing sometimes occurs during experiments
OpenBookQA
OpenBookQA-1469
aircraft, relative-motion, equilibrium Further edit: I almost forgot that when I first started using the Microsoft Flight Simulator, the plane wouldn't go where I pointed it, which made it very hard to land. It would always drift off center. Later I learned a fundamental difference between cars and planes. Cars go whe...
[ "the World's great patterns", "the Earth's magnetic patterns", "a map it buys later on", "a compass that points north" ]
B
Earth 's magnetic patterns are used for finding locations by animals that migrate
OpenBookQA
OpenBookQA-1470
energy Title: Is throwing matter from the moon to the earth a way to generate energy? If I by some mean threw lunar soil in the earths direction, and used it to power some turbines, would the turbines generate more energy than it took to get the lunar soil out of the moons orbit? For example: Assuming I can convert ...
[ "Eat a cucumber", "Go running", "Eat dust", "Go swimming" ]
A
having food has a positive impact on an organism 's health
OpenBookQA
OpenBookQA-1471
everyday-life, ice Title: Why are some parts of this ice block cloudy and other parts clear? I had a sprain in my leg a few days back. The doctor recommended dipping my foot alternately in ice-cold and hot water to aid blood circulation. It is here that I discovered something interesting. The picture above shows the ...
[ "the great plains", "the pacific ocean", "the great lakes", "the grand canyon" ]
C
the Great Lakes were formed by glaciers moving over the ground
OpenBookQA
OpenBookQA-1472
atmosphere, ocean, hydrology, climate-change Comment: I strongly endorse the use of wind and hydropower as sources of energy over the further use of fossil fuels. However, I still think it is important to do research into the actual renewability of presumed-renewable energy sources, as we don't want to end up with ano...
[ "it loses more", "it has less", "it gains more", "it is soft" ]
C
the Earth absorbs more energy than it loses
OpenBookQA
OpenBookQA-1473
behaviour Title: What happens to silverfish when we throw them out the window? I'll find a silverfish from time to time in my flat. I don't mind them but usually I catch them and throw them off the balcony (second story) into the bushes and lawn below. I was wondering, since they seem to live in the water conduits in ...
[ "pastureland", "lakes", "oceans", "skyscrapers" ]
A
mice live in in holes in the ground in fields
OpenBookQA
OpenBookQA-1474
geology, crust, geobiology Title: Does crustal thickness have anything to do with how life existed and sustained on Earth? The original question that was put on hold "If the crust were the thickest layer of Earth, what effect would its thickness have on organisms?" was actually one of those 'counterfactual question' ...
[ "window", "house", "door", "fireplace" ]
D
the mantle is located just below Earth 's crust
OpenBookQA
OpenBookQA-1475
c, game-of-life void wait(float s) { int now = clock(); int then = clock() + (CLOCKS_PER_SEC * s); while(clock() != then) { } } int main() { bool** board = emptyBoard(); printArray(board); printf("--------------\n"); initialPosition(board, "00000000000000000000000000000000000000000000...
[ "watches a UFO", "works at factories", "counts down portions", "sleeps at home" ]
C
seconds are used to measure time
OpenBookQA
OpenBookQA-1476
agriculture The primary cereals for making bread are wheat and rye, while barley and oats may be mixed in. Historically significant portions of the rural population of Europe were sustained by cereal-based food in the form of gruel and porridge rather than by bread, especially prior to the introduction of the potato. ...
[ "in the sky", "disadvantageously", "near water", "positively" ]
B
insects can have a negative impact on crops
OpenBookQA
OpenBookQA-1477
agriculture Title: What does "permanent field" mean in agriculture? I am reading a book that in a paragraph talks about the agricultural methods used in prehistoric Finland. The further north and east, the more extensive the amount of burn-beat cultivation, which was a far from primitive form of agriculture. The yiel...
[ "Jupiter", "all", "flowers", "bugs" ]
D
insects can have a negative impact on crops
OpenBookQA
OpenBookQA-1478
metabolism, human-anatomy, pharmacology, liver For drugs introduced through an injection, for example, metabolism occurs throughout the circulatory system and in the liver. Remember that it's all the same blood supply, but the first-pass effect just refers to the blood that goes to the liver before entering the system...
[ "stomach", "heart", "leg", "ear" ]
A
An example of a chemical change is acid breaking down substances
OpenBookQA
OpenBookQA-1479
entomology Title: What is the name of this tiny creature? It looks like a tiny piece of moving cotton? By chance, I saw this tiny insect on my bag a few days ago in Sydney. Am I the first person who has pinpointed this animal?! If not can you please let me know its name? From your image, it looks like it might be a wo...
[ "has croaked", "has money", "has health", "has flown" ]
A
if a living thing dies then that living thing is dead
OpenBookQA
OpenBookQA-1480
infection, amphibians Title: What is this toad suffering from? Myiasis or chytridiomycosis? I found this toad on Aug. 29th at this location: position on osm I think it is a bufo bufo, approx. 10 cm long. The nostrils seemed to be completely filled with a grey matter and from the activity of the floor of the mouth it ...
[ "on a house rooftop", "in a glass bottle", "on a forest floor", "with a parachute skydiving" ]
C
camouflage is used for hiding by animals against predators
OpenBookQA
OpenBookQA-1481
inorganic-chemistry, crystal-structure, geochemistry, glass, minerals You are correct. The main difference is that sand is crystalline and glass is not—it is amorphous. The main component (> 95%) of common yellow sand is quartz (the mineral whose composition is SiO2). Note that not all sand is quartz. There are white ...
[ "nitrogen rich top soil", "giant hills of tiny beads", "the raw materiel that makes glass", "small groups of parasites" ]
C
sand dunes are made of sand
OpenBookQA
OpenBookQA-1482
the-moon, earth, light, satellite Title: Why does the Moon appear gray when passing between the Sun and the Earth? Shouldn't the Moon appear as bright as a full Moon seen at midnight from Earth? The photo was taken by DSCOVR at Lagrange point 1. In the picture, The Moon appears dark gray. Of course the Earth appears ...
[ "features of variety of landscape features", "is covered completely in water", "is 100% flat and smooth", "is 100% covered in asteroid created craters" ]
A
the moon 's surface contains highlands
OpenBookQA
OpenBookQA-1483
climate-change, oceanography, paleoclimatology, paleontology, climatology As abundant as they are in living form, diatoms are generally poorly (and unreliably) preserved in an older oceanic fossil record. Importantly, they evolve rather quickly making tracking chemical changes in a single species over time and space i...
[ "The Sahara Desert", "off Australia's shore", "silicon valley", "Pacific Northwest" ]
B
coral lives in the ocean
OpenBookQA
OpenBookQA-1484
photosynthesis, botany Title: Photosynthesis - Light Intensity Say I was conducting an experiment for photosynthesis. If I moved light closer to the plant, what effect would this have on the process of photosynthesis? The rate of photosynthesis varies from plant to plant. Some plants require more light and some requir...
[ "animals", "people", "water", "shrubs" ]
D
plant cells can perform photosynthesis
OpenBookQA
OpenBookQA-1485
zoology, entomology Title: Help identifying an insect I live in Milan, Italy in the city center. I live in this house since 5 years and I keep finding the insect pictured below. I see it throughout the seasons (temperatures here range from -1°C to +35°C in average). I find it mostly in my bathroom which is not well ve...
[ "A Great Dane", "a lizard", "a bird", "a fish" ]
A
some animals shed fur in warm weather
OpenBookQA
OpenBookQA-1486
the-moon, moon-phases Title: Red cresent moon Yesterday night i witnessed something very strange when i looked outside the window. I saw the moon (crescent) but it was dull red and right on the horizon ,which is strange considering that it is usually on the upper right of the night sky and white in colour. On further ...
[ "once in a decade", "4 times a year", "7 times a week", "1 time a month" ]
C
the moon rising occurs once per day
OpenBookQA
OpenBookQA-1487
space, exoplanets http://www.rtlnieuws.nl/buitenland/nieuwe-planeet-ontdekt-buitenaards-leven-dichterbij-dan-we-denken This sounds very unlikely to me. I calculated that you'd have to fly at about 0.14c. Our current fastest space probe (New Horizons) achieves around 0.00001c. How likely is it that, within the next 20 ...
[ "muscle and time", "navigation and speed", "speed and light", "fuel and time" ]
D
the stars in the night sky are very far away from the Earth
OpenBookQA
OpenBookQA-1488
biochemistry, botany, plant-physiology, photosynthesis What are typical characteristics of different plants in this regard? I.e., how do common species of plants manage their C consumption before (and after) the development of leaves? There are quite a few questions and thoughts in there, I'll try to cover them all: F...
[ "moonlight", "undergo natural development", "starlight", "dairy" ]
B
a plant requires photosynthesis to grow
OpenBookQA
OpenBookQA-1489
experimental-physics, water, fluid-statics Title: Determine water level difference in two ponds I live near two ponds whose water levels appear to differ by a few feet. The ground is hard clay, so I don't think there's any underground water exchange between the ponds. The ponds are separated by about 30 feet of a bump...
[ "takes up very little", "takes up almost zero", "takes up a smaller minority", "takes up a greater portion" ]
D
as the level of water rises , the amount of available land will decrease
OpenBookQA
OpenBookQA-1490
java, object-oriented, state-machine @Override public Critter update(Ocean currentTimeStepSea){ int neighborSharkCount=0; neighborSharkCount = Utility.countSharkAsNeighbor(this, currentTimeStepSea); //Updating fish cell for current & next time step if(neighborSharkCount ==1){ ...
[ "another shark", "a ray-finned fish", "a jellyfish", "a turtle" ]
B
remora fish eat food by attaching themselves to sharks and eating the food left behind
OpenBookQA
OpenBookQA-1491
physical-chemistry, color, light Title: Colour due to transmission and reflection It makes sense to me that when looking through a sample (observer | sample | light), it should appear as the opposite of the light absorbed, but it does not make sense to me to expect the same when not looking through it, just standing b...
[ "all colors in the spectrum", "only the color white", "a combination of colors", "an exact matching color" ]
D
if an object is blue then that object reflects only blue light
OpenBookQA
OpenBookQA-1492
thermodynamics, water, phase-transition, everyday-life Title: Why is there more steam after a pot of water *stops* boiling? I have a pot of vigorously boiling water on a gas stove. There's some steam, but not alot. When I turn off the gas, the boiling immediately subsides, and a huge waft of steam comes out. This is f...
[ "gathers up", "burns up dry", "freezes solid", "makes zero sense" ]
A
beads of water are formed by water vapor condensing
OpenBookQA
OpenBookQA-1493
biology, dimensional-analysis, scaling short example as Sonny asked for in comment: ant with 10 mm length & 10 mg mass $\Rightarrow$ lets scale up to human size (2m) $\Rightarrow$ means a factor of 200. So the mass scales with 200x200x200=8000000 (Volume $\propto$ $l^{3}$ ) $\Rightarrow$ human sized ant=80 kg. But mu...
[ "studying", "yoga", "growth", "patience" ]
C
an organism requires energy for growth
OpenBookQA
OpenBookQA-1494
Method 2: Since @Buraian wants equations with the method @Daniel Griscom suggested, here they are: Consider the part of the string that is in contact with the pulley. It experiences a force $$T$$ downwards and $$T$$ towards the left. Say the pulley applies a force of $$N_1$$ on the string ( towards upper right). By Ne...
[ "Going running on a treadmill", "Swimming lap in a pool", "Riding a bike outside", "pulling water from a well" ]
D
a pulley is used to lift a flag on a flagpole
OpenBookQA
OpenBookQA-1495
everyday-chemistry, water, absorption Fig. B is complete speculation on my part as I did not return to the home during Winter to observe it. However in Spring when I returned, all of the tubs had experienced a change in their appearance. All the tubs were now dry again, presumably down to evaporation due to increasin...
[ "salt flats", "salt water taffy", "Rocky mountains", "ocean winds" ]
A
An example of a change in the Earth is an ocean becoming a wooded area
OpenBookQA
OpenBookQA-1496
That would be a total of 5x30 + 3x40 + 2x60 = 390 plants (with an arbitrary factor that we'll set to 1 without loss of generality). The amount of highbush is 5x30 = 150. The amount of lowbush is 3x40 = 120. The amount of hybrid is 2x60 = 120. If the opossums didn't care, they would likely eat blueberries in this ratio...
[ "the squirrel studies", "the squirrel leaves", "the squirrel breeds", "the squirrel flies" ]
B
as the supply of food in an environment decreases , the population of animals in that environment will decrease
OpenBookQA
OpenBookQA-1497
meteorology, climate-change, gas, pollution Title: Regarding various types of atmospheric pollution Does all the car pollution (from about 150 million cars at least in the U.S. and a lot more in all of North America and the rest of the world) all the smoke-stack pollution of various factories and all the Airline pollu...
[ "using solar energy", "walking outside", "riding a bike", "using antibacterial soap" ]
D
humans cause pollution
OpenBookQA
OpenBookQA-1498
biochemistry, ecosystem The main damaging effects of wood ash are if it is applied in high concentrations where it can directly enter water sources (see for example UGA extension). In this case, it can raise pH enough to be damaging to life. Large quantities from large fires can also raise pH substantially in streams ...
[ "enlargening", "warming", "heightening", "shrinking" ]
A
erosion causes a river to become deeper and wider
OpenBookQA
OpenBookQA-1499
homework-and-exercises, friction, free-body-diagram I tried to solve the exercise in this way but it's not correct, and I am probably missing something. Can anyone help me to understand what are the forces due to friction acting in this situation? By the way, is the expression of $F(A)$ correct? The following is mu...
[ "basketball", "kickball", "softball", "volleyball" ]
B
if an object is kicked then force is exerted on that object
OpenBookQA
OpenBookQA-1500
javascript, beginner, game <body> <canvas id="game-canvas" height="600px" width="800px" </canvas> <script type="text/javascript"> var canvas = document.getElementById("game-canvas"), ctx = canvas.getContext("2d"), ballR = 10, x = canvas.width / 2, y = canvas.height...
[ "water", "paper", "gas", "food" ]
C
a beach ball contains gas