source string | id string | question string | options list | answer string | reasoning string |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
OpenBookQA | OpenBookQA-1101 | ecology, population-dynamics, ecosystem, antipredator-adaptation, predation
I would also like to talk about other things that might be of interest in your model (two of them need you to allow evolutionary processes in your model):
1) lineage selection: predators that eat too much end up disappearing because they cause... | [
"loud noises and movements",
"having brightly colored plumage",
"looking the same as leaves",
"resting in open spaces"
] | C | An example of camouflage is an organism looking like leaves |
OpenBookQA | OpenBookQA-1102 | thermal-radiation, thermal-conductivity
Title: How thermally conductive is a black body? Does a black body (imagine like a square of solid black-body-matter) thermally conduct well at room temperature? If you are talking of "black body" as in "black body radiation" better read the link:
A black body is an idealized ... | [
"curtain",
"wall",
"table",
"mirror"
] | D | metal is a thermal conductor |
OpenBookQA | OpenBookQA-1103 | everyday-life, aerodynamics, drag, turbulence
Title: Benefits of rear spoiler in cars What would be the benefits of rear spoilers in cars, like this one: From Wikipedia:
A spoiler is an automotive aerodynamic device whose intended design function is to 'spoil' unfavorable air movement across a body of a vehicle in mo... | [
"rush forward faster than before",
"wind is unable to affect car speed",
"move forward instead of sideways",
"maintain speed and direction"
] | A | as force exerted on an object increases , distance travelled will increase |
OpenBookQA | OpenBookQA-1104 | orbit, earth, satellite, orbital-mechanics, artificial-satellite
There are a few details that may affect the answer: you should consider if the motion of the person will affect the answer to part (b) (and if not, why not). You should know that the Earth is not spherical. You should consider whether the optical refract... | [
"the stars are viewed in the sky",
"how the moon phases",
"the heat of the sun",
"the plants we are able to eat"
] | A | stars appear to move relative to the horizon during the night |
OpenBookQA | OpenBookQA-1105 | I believe that the answer is 0.18.
geno3141 Jul 12, 2017
#2
+1129
+1
Geno, you have the hippo but you are missing the potamus.
(Using subscripted variables makes it easier to present and keep track of the relations.)
$$\small \text {Let A1 = {pass exam 1}, A2 = {pass exam 2}, A3 = {pass exam 3}, and A = {passes al... | [
"cars crashed into rhinos",
"lions have become more effective at hunting rhinos",
"global warming has increased temperatures",
"people use parts for health remedies"
] | D | harming an animal species causes that animal 's population to decrease |
OpenBookQA | OpenBookQA-1106 | civil-engineering, hydrology
According to sources I've come across, flow through storm pipes
require an air gap so as to maintain open channel flow. Do I need to
maintain a specific amount of air gap? Or will any amount of air gap do?
Also, does it really matter whether or not I have an air gap? Do we
maintain an air ... | [
"they would live in a valley",
"they would live on a mountaintop",
"they would live in a flood plain",
"they would live below sea level"
] | B | as elevation of a place decreases , how much a flood will affect that place will increases |
OpenBookQA | OpenBookQA-1107 | fluid-dynamics, everyday-life, water
As can be seen from these photos, the colour dye is present in the water jets which recoil off the surface of the transparent pool water. However, not all of the water in the jets is from the coloured drop. Some of the original drop is trapped in a pocket below the surface, with th... | [
"in the nearby river",
"outside of the pool",
"in another nearby pool",
"on the other side of the pool"
] | D | dropping an object into water causes vibrations in the water |
OpenBookQA | OpenBookQA-1108 | thermodynamics, temperature, physical-chemistry, metrology
Title: How do you know mercury changes monotonically with temperature if mercury itself is used to make the thermometer? In the book I am reading recently "Concept of physics" volume 2 by professor H.C. Verma it says that (I am just summarizing the main points... | [
"there is a rise in heat",
"there is a rise in temperature",
"there is a rise in warmth",
"all of these"
] | D | temperature is a measure of heat energy |
OpenBookQA | OpenBookQA-1109 | Zz.
8. Jul 17, 2004
ohh, k , thanx
9. Jul 17, 2004
### BobG
Self Adjoint explained the math to it.
The reason behind it is this. Acceleration is fow fast your velocity is increasing. If you started out from rest and accelerated at 10 m/s^2, you would be travelling 10 m/s after one second. But you didn't travel 10... | [
"a person waiting",
"a fish swimming",
"a dog running",
"a bird flying"
] | A | speed is a measure of how fast an object is moving |
OpenBookQA | OpenBookQA-1110 | orbit, equinox, solstice
037, "Feb-07", 318.43
038, "Feb-08", 319.44
039, "Feb-09", 320.45
040, "Feb-10", 321.47
041, "Feb-11", 322.48
042, "Feb-12", 323.49
043, "Feb-13", 324.50
044, "Feb-14", 325.51
045, "Feb-15", 326.52
046, "Feb-16", 327.53
047, "Feb-17", 328.54
048, "Feb-18", 329.55
049, "Feb-19", 330.56
050, "Fe... | [
"three times",
"once",
"twice",
"four times"
] | B | an equinox occurs twice per year |
OpenBookQA | OpenBookQA-1111 | ecology, population-dynamics, ecosystem, antipredator-adaptation, predation
I would also like to talk about other things that might be of interest in your model (two of them need you to allow evolutionary processes in your model):
1) lineage selection: predators that eat too much end up disappearing because they cause... | [
"relocate to the field",
"eat all the bunnies",
"find new food sources",
"start to go hungry"
] | A | most predators live near the same environment as their prey |
OpenBookQA | OpenBookQA-1112 | algorithms
Title: In the Gas-Up problem, how is the amount of gas the same up to a cyclic shift regardless of starting city? I'm working through Elements of Programming Interviews as practice for finding a job. I've spent a ridiculous amount of time on Problem 18.7.
In the gas-up problem, $n$ cities are arranged on a... | [
"looks smaller",
"looks bigger",
"looks cold",
"looks away"
] | A | as distance to an object increases , that object will appear smaller |
OpenBookQA | OpenBookQA-1113 | material-science, everyday-life
Title: Paper stiffness As piece of paper is folded and unfolded, the stiffness of the sheet may seem to be greatly increased.
To those of you who don't recognise it: take a sheet of A4 paper, grasp one of the edges and move your hand vertically. Now fold the paper in half, unfold it an... | [
"is made into a paper fan",
"is on a desk",
"has a drawing on it",
"has words on it"
] | A | folding an object causes that object to change shape |
OpenBookQA | OpenBookQA-1114 | botany
Title: Greyish spots behind a peach's stone, what could they be? I'm sorry if it's a silly question, but what are those greyish spots behind the stone of this peach (or whatever this is)? What are they for? Are they safe to eat? The fruit is ok from the outside Callus can develop inside peaches (https://www.tas... | [
"may have moisture removed and inside parts are devoured",
"may be burned and thrown away",
"may be mixed with sand",
"may be used in concrete"
] | A | a pumpkin contains seeds |
OpenBookQA | OpenBookQA-1115 | astrophysics
Title: Is there any way to survive solarwinter like in Sunshine - movie? Is there any way to survive solarwinter like in Sunshine - movie?
Solar winter is where for some reason sun looses its capasity to produce radiation( heat etc.). It doesn't loose everything but some of its radiation energy( say 50 %)... | [
"Chairs",
"Birds",
"Humans",
"Bees"
] | D | if an animal relies on plants for food then that animal must store enough food to last through the winter |
OpenBookQA | OpenBookQA-1116 | homework-and-exercises, fluid-dynamics, flow, bernoulli-equation, lift
Title: Is it possible to lift a bald person with an airstream? (Coanda effect and Bernoulli's principle) Lately, a high school teacher called Bruce Yeany has been uploading some fluid dynamics demonstrations on his YouTube channel. Here's his first... | [
"leave things",
"break things",
"redirect things",
"shorten things"
] | C | a disperser disperses |
OpenBookQA | OpenBookQA-1117 | zoology
Capybara, rabbits, hamsters and other related species do not have a complex ruminant digestive system. Instead they extract more nutrition from grass by giving their food a second pass through the gut. Soft fecal pellets of partially digested food are excreted and generally consumed immediately. Consuming thes... | [
"burn them",
"garden them",
"trade them",
"snack on them"
] | D | herbivores only eat plants |
OpenBookQA | OpenBookQA-1118 | # Thread: physics tourist & bear problem
1. ## physics tourist & bear problem
another easy one i think:
A tourist being chased by an angry bear is running in a straight line toward his car at a speed of 3.5 m/s. The car is a distance d away. The bear is 27 m behind the tourist and running at 6.0 m/s. The tourist rea... | [
"hot",
"cold",
"dark",
"dense"
] | B | polar bears live in cold environments |
OpenBookQA | OpenBookQA-1119 | thermodynamics, water
Title: Latent heat and energy transfer Inside an insulated vessel at 1atm there is water at 100°C and a metal rod at 100°C, since temperature gradient is null there is no net heat transfer and water still liquid. In other words, in order to transmit latent heat, there must be a temperature differ... | [
"ice cream will deliquesce faster when the liquid is poured over it",
"rocks will melt faster when the liquid is poured over it",
"the liquid will harden as it's poured",
"the liquid will cool down anything it touches"
] | A | as temperature increases , the ability of that liquid to dissolve solids will increase |
OpenBookQA | OpenBookQA-1120 | geophysics, seismology, instrumentation
Title: How can I calculate the sensitivity of a seismometer? I would like to know if a specific seismometer can measure 1 micron/sec velocity. I have a few specs from the datasheet but I'm not a seismologist and am trying to figure out how to relate the specs to one another.
I h... | [
"the motion produced by underground collisions",
"the quaking of a man in fear",
"how strong the earth quakes beneath a stampeding herd",
"how strong waves can break plates"
] | A | a seismograph is used for measuring the size of an earthquake |
OpenBookQA | OpenBookQA-1121 | climate-change, sea-level
Title: Is sea erosion the opposite of sea level rising (or rather, an adjacent phenomenon)? Because I understand the mechanism of sea erosion as to take earth away from shorelines (and scatter it deep into the sea floor) and also to derive from climate crisis, I ask the following question:
Is... | [
"sowing a seed for each felled tree",
"cutting down as many trees as possible",
"taking all the water away from deserts",
"all of these"
] | A | a tree can be replaced by planting a new tree |
OpenBookQA | OpenBookQA-1122 | acoustics, air, displacement
\end{align}$$
That is a Very Loud Pop - about 80 dB. Even if we argue that only a small fraction of this pressure ends up in the audible range there is no doubt in my mind you would hear "something".
So yes, you can hear that parchment disappearing. No problem. Even if some of my approxima... | [
"canyon",
"outer space",
"in the ocean",
"in a vacuum"
] | A | echo is when sound reflects off of a surface |
OpenBookQA | OpenBookQA-1123 | thermodynamics, perception
Title: Our Perception of Heat Our body temperature is roughly 37 degrees celsius (that is, when we measure our body temperature externally, by using a thermometer that measures the temperature of our skin usually between our arm and side torso), whereas most of us would say that 25 degrees w... | [
"0 degrees Celsius",
"95 degrees Fahrenheit",
"34 degrees Celsius",
"33 degrees Celsius"
] | B | sweat is used for adjusting to hot temperatures by some animals |
OpenBookQA | OpenBookQA-1124 | gene-expression
Title: How does a gene "know" what to change to? Excuse my ignorance but I've always been curious about this...
For example, a frog is red, but it starts living in a green forest. Over time the frog becomes green to camouflage. But a gene can't see and I'm sure there's no mechanism for color info to be... | [
"a maggot",
"a lamb",
"water",
"a grape"
] | A | tadpole changes into a frog |
OpenBookQA | OpenBookQA-1125 | zoology, mathematical-models, software, imaging
Title: What would it take to recognize a deer by its photo? I am trying to recognize a deer by its antlers or any other means.
Elaborating:
I was hoping to use their antlers to recognize them but I have heard that most deers shed their antlers every year so it would be ... | [
"gets rid of its winter coat",
"grows taller",
"speaks at a higher volume",
"eats its food"
] | A | shedding is when an animal loses hair |
OpenBookQA | OpenBookQA-1126 | electromagnetism, magnetic-fields, electromagnetic-induction, batteries
Title: How this toy shown on YouTube works and can the coil be replaced by a hollow magnetic thorus? I saw this video on YT and what I can not figure out is why the coil used in the arrangement could not be replaced by a hollow magnetic torus? Not... | [
"A construction nail",
"A plastic nail",
"A nail box",
"A wooden nail"
] | A | if battery in an electromagnet is active then the nail in the electromagnet will become magnetic |
OpenBookQA | OpenBookQA-1127 | biochemistry, botany, plant-physiology, photosynthesis
What are typical characteristics of different plants in this regard? I.e., how do common species of plants manage their C consumption before (and after) the development of leaves? There are quite a few questions and thoughts in there, I'll try to cover them all:
F... | [
"oxygen",
"H2O",
"Fe",
"clouds"
] | B | a plant requires water to grow |
OpenBookQA | OpenBookQA-1128 | neuroscience, neurophysiology, memory, cognition
References
- Kuhl et al., Nature Neurosci (2007); 10: 908-14
- Shea & Right, Res Quarterly Exercise Sport (1991); 62(3)
- Stronks et al., Brain Res (2015); 1624: 140–52
The following is multiple choice question (with options) to answer.
A woman wants to make sure that ... | [
"brings a phone",
"brings a camera",
"brings a book",
"brings a lunch"
] | B | a camera is used for recording images |
OpenBookQA | OpenBookQA-1129 | species-identification, botany
Title: Which strange fruit is this? Yesterday, my brother brought a strange fruit resembling Lychee (but much bigger in size). Here is a pic of it:
When cut it, it had smell like banana and fibers were like of the chicken meat, though taste was more or less like banana (sorry have no pi... | [
"bear",
"raccoon",
"cat",
"dog"
] | B | raccoons eat waste |
OpenBookQA | OpenBookQA-1130 | acoustics, air, displacement
\end{align}$$
That is a Very Loud Pop - about 80 dB. Even if we argue that only a small fraction of this pressure ends up in the audible range there is no doubt in my mind you would hear "something".
So yes, you can hear that parchment disappearing. No problem. Even if some of my approxima... | [
"eating out of a bowl",
"moving pots and pans",
"moving a cardboard box",
"a small plastic cup"
] | B | matter vibrating can cause sound |
OpenBookQA | OpenBookQA-1131 | entomology
Title: Constantly wiggling moth pupa - will it emerge soon? Today I found a moth pupa in the soil in my garden in western Sweden. It's about 15 mm long.
I have found similar ones before, but this one is wiggling a lot more, even after I put it down and put a bit of dirt over it. It's been moving for more t... | [
"loud voices to scare off predators",
"prehensile thumbs to help them grab things",
"large wings that make them more visible",
"wing patterns that allow them to blend into with leaves"
] | D | adaptation is when an organism develops a trait over time for survival |
OpenBookQA | OpenBookQA-1132 | It helps to try out the strategy with a smaller number of students. With only five students you teacher's method gives $$4^5-\binom{4}{1}\cdot3^5+\binom{4}{2}\cdot2^5-\binom{4}{3}\cdot1^5=1024-972+192-4=240$$ ways. You can check that this is right by observing that some book must be distributed to two students and each... | [
"a boy sitting in front",
"a girl in the back",
"a boy outside the class",
"a girl in the middle"
] | A | as distance to an object increases , that object will appear smaller |
OpenBookQA | OpenBookQA-1133 | zoology, ecology, diet, predation
Cheetahs have been reported to suffer from intraguild competition by lions Panthera leo, spotted hyenas Crocuta crocuta and occasionally leopards Panthera pardus. These larger predators represent a threat to the smaller-bodied cheetahs as they can affect their food intake by limiting ... | [
"in a different environment from where they live",
"in the water",
"underground",
"in the same environment where they live"
] | D | most predators live in the same environment as their prey |
OpenBookQA | OpenBookQA-1134 | = ",Count[Drop[branches,gen],_Real,\[Infinity]]/4" "" ""Length = ",SetAccuracy[Count[Drop[branches,gen],_Real,\[Infinity]]/4*(Norm[{{pt1[[1]],0.5},{0,0}}]^gen),3]}],18],Gray],{2.3,-1.8}]},{Inset[Style[Text@TraditionalForm@Style[Row[{"Polynomial Trees by Bernat Espigulé"}],18],Gray, Opacity[0.4]],{2.3,-2}]}},P... | [
"ceases its ability to grow",
"will cause it to grown 10x bigger",
"will decrease the likelihood of deforestation",
"will cause the tree to flourish"
] | A | if a tree is cut down then that tree will die |
OpenBookQA | OpenBookQA-1135 | ecology
Title: Statement about Tropical Rainforests I made a statement about tropical rainforests, and I want to know if it's somewhat true or not:
The soil in tropical rainforests is not exceptionally fertile, because it contains few minerals. The reason that a tropical rainforest has a huge amount of vegetation is b... | [
"in organism foods",
"in the air",
"in the barn",
"in the water"
] | A | if some nutrients are in the soil then those nutrients are in the food chain |
OpenBookQA | OpenBookQA-1136 | species-identification, microbiology, microscopy
Title: Identification of protozoa under microscope I observed maybe Protozoa from standing FRESH water and from slowly flowing FRESH water. I am complete dilettante. Can you tell what these creatures are?
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6D5ck3zNJzA&t=474s
Thank you.
Add... | [
"needs food",
"produces food",
"can get sick",
"lives in ocean"
] | B | In the food chain process some types of plankton have the role of producer |
OpenBookQA | OpenBookQA-1137 | kinetics, energy, food-chemistry, fuel
Title: Is it possible to turn food into fuel for a combustion engine? According to McDonald's Nutrition Calculator page, the following order would contain 2480 kilocalories (or 10376 kilojoules):
1 x Double Bacon Smokehouse Burger
1 x Large Chocolate Shake
1 x Large World Famous... | [
"Bird",
"Kite",
"Plane",
"Jet"
] | A | birds sometimes eat seeds |
OpenBookQA | OpenBookQA-1138 | behaviour
Title: What happens to silverfish when we throw them out the window? I'll find a silverfish from time to time in my flat. I don't mind them but usually I catch them and throw them off the balcony (second story) into the bushes and lawn below.
I was wondering, since they seem to live in the water conduits in ... | [
"car crashes",
"solar eclipses",
"more available food",
"tsunamis"
] | D | natural disasters can cause animals to leave an environment |
OpenBookQA | OpenBookQA-1139 | photosynthesis
Title: Photosynthesis in oxygen free enviornment If a plant is grown in an oxygen free enviornment would it live longer in light or darkness?
It is evident that oxygen would compete with carbon dioxide during various processes like competing with carbon dioxide for reducing power, also oxygen quenches t... | [
"September",
"March",
"December",
"June"
] | C | a leaf absorbs sunlight to perform photosynthesis |
OpenBookQA | OpenBookQA-1140 | mountains, rainfall
Title: Could a waterfall lashing onto a road lead to a landslide? Here is a video of a waterfall lashing on to a mountain road, with vehicles driving under it.
https://youtu.be/cHaguj--YBc
There appears to be a big hole carved out right next to the road, possibly by the force of the waterfall.
Is t... | [
"Multiple causes",
"Unicorns",
"Airplanes",
"Fires"
] | A | landslides often occur on mountains |
OpenBookQA | OpenBookQA-1141 | geophysics, climate-change, glaciology
As we can see from the chart, there's been a pretty steady drop in CO2 PPM over the last 15 million years or so. As the ocean grows colder it can store more CO2 so there may be a correlation between falling temperature and falling CO2 PPM - one of the primary climate feedback m... | [
"bears that have sparse fur with thrive",
"bears that develop thin pelts will thrive",
"bears that carry little fat will thrive",
"bears that grow heavier pelt will survive"
] | D | changes in an environment cause animals to adapt to survive |
OpenBookQA | OpenBookQA-1142 | zoology
Capybara, rabbits, hamsters and other related species do not have a complex ruminant digestive system. Instead they extract more nutrition from grass by giving their food a second pass through the gut. Soft fecal pellets of partially digested food are excreted and generally consumed immediately. Consuming thes... | [
"meat",
"flies",
"beetles",
"algae"
] | D | tadpole changes into a frog |
OpenBookQA | OpenBookQA-1143 | geology, fossil-fuel, petroleum
For some transport applications, the energy density is still a winning attribute of hydrocarbons: most notably, powered flight for freight and travel.
We already have two routes to non-fossil hydrocarbons: biological sources, and direct chemical synthesis. Each involves capturing atmosp... | [
"are a renewable resource",
"have an unending supply",
"can last for eons in the future",
"are a dwindling commodity"
] | D | fossil fuels are a nonrenewable resource |
OpenBookQA | OpenBookQA-1144 | food-chemistry
popcorn (kernels)
honey (jar of)
sugar (most forms)
alcohol (spirits like vodka, whiskey)
dried beans, dried lentils
I would not be planning to eat any of these stored for 25 years myself. And in general I'd suggest testing the items before trying them after 25 years or more (if you feel you must).
I ... | [
"Remove years of rust on a knife",
"sooth a pained esophagus",
"Cleanse the soul for God",
"Cure blindness in a child"
] | B | if liquid is boiling then that liquid is hot |
OpenBookQA | OpenBookQA-1145 | java, reinventing-the-wheel, console, unix
With clothes the new are best, with friends the old are best.
He is truly wise who gains wisdom from another's mishap.
Beware of a dark-haired man with a loud tie.
Today is the last day of your life so far.
Flee at once, all is discovered.
Man who falls in vat of molten optic... | [
"my head windows",
"a building",
"air",
"the sun"
] | A | offspring receive genes from their parents through DNA |
OpenBookQA | OpenBookQA-1146 | thermodynamics, climate-science
Title: Where does all the heat go during winter? I do not understand where actually the heat in our surroundings go during the winter season. Is it radiated out into space? I know it cannot coz global warming would not be a issue then. It might get absorbed but where? I tried figuring i... | [
"Arctic",
"Atlantic",
"Rain forest",
"Tropics"
] | A | snow falls during the winter in the arctic environment |
OpenBookQA | OpenBookQA-1147 | atmosphere, wind, geography, troposphere, stratosphere
Title: Other than the South Pole where is the windless place on Earth? For this other question "Would this chambered cylinder be possible", preferably near the equator where is a calmest place from the troposphere to the stratosphere where is the windless place on... | [
"San Bernardino",
"Sault St. Marie",
"St. Paul",
"St. Louis"
] | A | snow falls during the winter in some environments |
OpenBookQA | OpenBookQA-1148 | ecology
Title: Statement about Tropical Rainforests I made a statement about tropical rainforests, and I want to know if it's somewhat true or not:
The soil in tropical rainforests is not exceptionally fertile, because it contains few minerals. The reason that a tropical rainforest has a huge amount of vegetation is b... | [
"poisoned",
"collected into vegetation",
"set on fire",
"taught to read"
] | B | if some nutrients are in the soil then those nutrients are in the food chain |
OpenBookQA | OpenBookQA-1149 | electricity
Title: Why does electricity want to flow into the earth? If I grab hold of a live wire, current will flow through me and into the earth.
If there is an electrical fault in my home, current will flow through the earth wire, out into a ground stake and into the earth.
If enough static electricity builds up i... | [
"sword tip",
"rubber",
"plastic",
"air."
] | A | sending electricity through a conductor causes electric current to flow through that conductor |
OpenBookQA | OpenBookQA-1150 | astronomy, sun, moon, eclipse
Title: Why don't we see solar and lunar eclipses often? Since we see the new moon at least once in a month when the Moon gets in between of the Sun and the Moon at the night and as far as I know if this happens during the day, you'll get to see a solar eclipse. Why don't we get to see thi... | [
"You would transport to another dimension",
"It would change time",
"You would be thrown off the moon",
"it would go in reverse"
] | D | the moon orbits the Earth |
OpenBookQA | OpenBookQA-1151 | arduino, wheel, two-wheeled, interrupts
void doEncoderRight(){
if (firstChangeR) delay(1); // if this is the first detection then we wait
// for the bounce to be over
// if the current state is different from the last saved state then:
// a real change happened and it's not part of... | [
"it needs to be cleaned",
"none of these",
"it needs to be baptized",
"it needs to be invented"
] | D | inventing a tool allows that tool to be used |
OpenBookQA | OpenBookQA-1152 | evolution, taxonomy, ornithology
Title: Birds and Dinosaurs This came up in an argument with some friends. I know that birds are direct descendants of dinosaurs, shown pretty clearly through the fossil record. However, is it proper to say that birds are dinosaurs, or is there an actual distinction? I bet you'll be int... | [
"symbiotic",
"producer",
"parasitic",
"predatory"
] | D | hawks eat lizards |
OpenBookQA | OpenBookQA-1153 | At the end of the 3rd year the number of trees would be $$(\frac{5}{4})^3*x$$; At the end of the 4th year the number of trees would be $$(\frac{5}{4})^4*x$$; At the end of the $$n_{th}$$ year the number of trees would be $$(\frac{5}{4})^n*x$$; So, we have that $$(\frac{5}{4})^4*x=6,250$$ --> $$\frac{5^4}{4^4}*x=5^4*10$... | [
"a tree with nine rings is nine years old",
"a tree with six rings is seven years old",
"a tree with eight rings is five years old",
"telling how old a tree is is impossible based on rings"
] | A | a tree growing a tree-growth ring occurs once per year |
OpenBookQA | OpenBookQA-1154 | behaviour
Title: What happens to silverfish when we throw them out the window? I'll find a silverfish from time to time in my flat. I don't mind them but usually I catch them and throw them off the balcony (second story) into the bushes and lawn below.
I was wondering, since they seem to live in the water conduits in ... | [
"need money",
"need Pu",
"need H2O",
"need hunting skills"
] | C | living things require water for survival |
OpenBookQA | OpenBookQA-1155 | rotation
Title: Are there non-rotating objects in the universe? All celestial bodies I can think of rotate. The sun, the planets, the moon, the galaxies, clusters of galaxies, the supermassive black hole at the center if the Milky Way, accretion discs, etc. It would be very strange if they didn't. They couldn't even e... | [
"planting tomatoes one year and alfalfa the next",
"planting zucchini one year and beans the next",
"planting bell peppers one year and hot peppers the next",
"planting corn one year and lelttuce the next"
] | C | crop rotation is when different crops are planted on a field in different years |
OpenBookQA | OpenBookQA-1156 | ocean, oceanography, sea-level, tides
However, I'm really curious as which are the most important amongst them? Or is it even possible to guess the tide height if I know the Lunar phase and I have a good globe with sea depth? I don't know about the size of land masses, but their distribution and the shape of ocean bas... | [
"they have zero chance",
"they are still in luck",
"it is too late",
"all of these"
] | B | the tide cycle regularly occurs twice per day |
OpenBookQA | OpenBookQA-1157 | forces, kinematics, pressure
Now, you wish to push up on the bottom disk with all the same force as the top, and what you are basically doing right now is providing strain relief. That same force was being provided by the walls of the cylinder, which communicated it to the bolts, which communicated that force to the g... | [
"increase in length",
"travel less distance",
"cover more length",
"remain in place"
] | C | as force exerted on an object increases , distance travelled will increase |
OpenBookQA | OpenBookQA-1158 | It just turns out nicely for C that he is one of the people whose hat colors D and C both know about.
To introduce a modified challange: if the task were to yell out C's hat color right away, D would know for certain, C would have the increased probability of $2/3$ and A and B would be stuck with the random guess of $... | [
"a student gazing upon it",
"a student in the toilet",
"a student sitting at home",
"a student at the playground"
] | A | the color of an object can be discovered by looking at that object |
OpenBookQA | OpenBookQA-1159 | evolution, zoology, adaptation
One answer that came to mind is domestic animals - the horse and dog in prehistory, the cat in ancient Egypt, etc. That seems too obvious on one hand, and on the other hand may not really be an answer, as there seems to be no indication that pre-domestic animals were endangered by humans... | [
"perspiration",
"eating",
"fire",
"blankets"
] | A | sweat is used for adjusting to hot temperatures by some animals |
OpenBookQA | OpenBookQA-1160 | algorithms, optimization, terminology, dynamic-programming
pair<ll, pair<int, int>> combine(pair<ll, pair<int, int>> le, pair<ll, pair<int, int>> ri) {
if (le.first < ri.first) swap(le, ri);
if (ri.first == le.first) {
le.second.first = min(le.second.first, ri.second.first);
le.second.second = ... | [
"adding H2O to water",
"pouring NaCl into salt",
"adding carbon dioxide to CO2",
"blending eggs into cake batter"
] | D | An example of combining two substances is pouring one substance into the other substance |
OpenBookQA | OpenBookQA-1161 | newtonian-mechanics, kinematics, jerk
Title: Pushing down on the gas pedal of a car a good example of jerk? I'm trying to think of the clearest examples to demonstrate the concept of jerk to a layman.
Ignoring drag and making other reasonable assumptions (friction is conveniently there to only allow you to accelerate ... | [
"force",
"patching",
"practice",
"speed"
] | A | pushing on the pedals of a bike cause that bike to move |
OpenBookQA | OpenBookQA-1162 | electric-circuits, electric-current, charge, electrical-resistance, voltage
Reason 2: (This would only apply to Ohmic materials):
If we have a circuit with a constant resistance and we have zero current flow, by Ohms law how could you have a non-zero voltage?
$$V=IR$$
$$V=0R$$
$$V=0$$
Summary: I understand how one wou... | [
"a central nervous system",
"a long tree branch",
"a piece of steel wool",
"a body of water"
] | C | electrical conduction is when metals conduct electricity through metal |
OpenBookQA | OpenBookQA-1163 | waves, string, continuum-mechanics
Leissa, Arthur W., and Mohamad S. Qatu. Vibrations of continuous systems. McGraw-Hill Education, 2011.
The following is multiple choice question (with options) to answer.
Which example best shows the effect of vibration on matter? | [
"a paper airplane",
"a harpsicord",
"a pillow",
"box of candy"
] | B | as the amount that matter vibrates increases , sound produced increases |
OpenBookQA | OpenBookQA-1164 | newtonian-mechanics, momentum, everyday-life, collision
Title: Why do the pieces of breaking objects scatter? If I were to drop most objects to a level floor, they would land with a thud or bounce a few times without gaining any lateral velocity.
But a fragile object will not only break into two or more pieces, but th... | [
"it turns to water",
"it shall be broken",
"it is then altered",
"it stays the same"
] | C | breaking down an object changes that object 's shape and mass |
OpenBookQA | OpenBookQA-1165 | botany, terminology, fruit
Title: What is the name of this part in plants, fruits, vegetables? What is the name of this part of the plant, fruit, vegetable? The thing that the plant is connected with the tree and gets nutrients with? The part we usually cut out when eat fruit.
Examples below
Papaya
Banana
Mango 'Sta... | [
"root",
"bud",
"bacteria",
"specialized compartment"
] | D | most chloroplasts are found in the leaves of a plant |
OpenBookQA | OpenBookQA-1166 | temperature, sun, light, equator, insolation
Title: Why does the intensity of sunlight depend on your latitude? People at the equator get to bask in more sunlight than Santa Clause and other inhabitants of the arctic regions. Not quite as pronounced, but they get more than me too.
Why is the sunlight more intense clos... | [
"northern Canada",
"northern Russia",
"Brazilian rainforest",
"Sahara"
] | D | a desert environment usually has a lot of sunlight |
OpenBookQA | OpenBookQA-1167 | electricity, potential
Therefore you can appreciate that the right side of the equation is a very small number, so likewise, $V_{wire}$ must be less than a volt - and the bird experiences approximately $V_{wire}$ potential difference as well.
Does the bird experience extreme current?
Despite low voltage, high current ... | [
"take naps",
"rely on fat",
"use fuel sources",
"rely on calories"
] | D | food is a source of energy for animals |
OpenBookQA | OpenBookQA-1168 | electric-circuits, potential, electrical-resistance, conductors
These analogies are not exact and are only intended to give you a better feel as to what is happening.
Hope this helps.
The following is multiple choice question (with options) to answer.
What is an example of wiring requiring an electrical conductor? | [
"a light switch turning on lights because of steel inside the wiring",
"a toasting failing because it used aluminium",
"a lightbulb burning out because of a faulty connection",
"a power outage because of an electrical storm"
] | A | wiring requires an electrical conductor |
OpenBookQA | OpenBookQA-1169 | thermodynamics, energy, home-experiment
Note 3: Peak hours tend to be during the day (this may reverse if we get wide-spread solar energy), so keeping the house cool during the day would cost even more. You pretty much have it right. We have two scenarios:
1 - Leave air conditioning on all day. Say that outside temper... | [
"changes from solid to wet",
"it hardens up a lot",
"it begins to rot",
"it needs to be refrigerated"
] | A | as temperature increases , the ability of that liquid to dissolve solids will increase |
OpenBookQA | OpenBookQA-1170 | pressure, buoyancy
Title: Is there a formula to determine if a ballon on the of deep water rises up? Imagine a balloon (again) that finds itself on the bottom of a mass deep water. The balloon is filled with air. The deep mass of water finds itself on a heavy (w.r.t. Earth) planet.
Initial, the balloon stays put (on t... | [
"a much less amount of water",
"a whole bunch of frozen ice-cream",
"the same amount of water",
"a greater amount of water"
] | C | as state of matter changes , mass will not change |
OpenBookQA | OpenBookQA-1171 | food, eggs, allergies
Title: Is it possible to be allergic to the yolk of an egg but not the egg white? At lunch one day, my friend had a hard boiled Easter egg. When he pealed it he squeezed the yolk, or yellow part, of the egg out. I asked him what on earth he was doing and he said, "I'm allergic to the yellow part ... | [
"forest",
"space",
"lava",
"ocean"
] | A | some birds live in forests |
OpenBookQA | OpenBookQA-1172 | humidity, air-pollution
Title: Does usual city pollution have effects on relative humidity? I've noticed that in a rural area with low pollution the relative humidity is constantly lower than the humidity in a high polluted city. Is there any correlation between pollution and humidity? By way of reference, "humidity ... | [
"it developed on its own",
"a hurricane",
"an action by a business",
"a flock of birds"
] | C | humans cause pollution |
OpenBookQA | OpenBookQA-1173 | temperature, light, heat
Title: Why does sunburn cause fever? Today I found out that sunburns can cause fever.
What I don't understand is how/why? In my understanding fever is the side effect of an immune reaction against an intruder, mainly bacteria (though I admit I can be wrong).
Google searches like "can sunburn c... | [
"desert",
"forest",
"wetland",
"jungle"
] | A | a desert environment usually has a lot of sunlight |
OpenBookQA | OpenBookQA-1174 | mechanical-engineering, gears
Hopefully this all makes sense so far.
A lever doesn't actually move strictly up-and-down, though. It rotates about the fulcrum. The actual distance the input traverses is $L_1\theta$, and the output moves $L_2\theta$, where $L_1$ is the length of the lever from the input side to the ful... | [
"hefty",
"light",
"short",
"round"
] | A | a lever is used for moving heavy objects |
OpenBookQA | OpenBookQA-1175 | It just turns out nicely for C that he is one of the people whose hat colors D and C both know about.
To introduce a modified challange: if the task were to yell out C's hat color right away, D would know for certain, C would have the increased probability of $2/3$ and A and B would be stuck with the random guess of $... | [
"inheritance",
"luck",
"magic",
"fire"
] | A | the colors of the parts of an organism are inherited characteristics |
OpenBookQA | OpenBookQA-1176 | botany, species-identification
Title: Plant identification? Can anyone identify the plant below? It's in a backyard in Pennsylvania, and the photo was taken today. Those flowers don't come from the same plant as that big leaf in the front do they? Cant help you with the leaves, but the flower looks like a daylily. sou... | [
"in some areas",
"in outer space",
"nowhere",
"in all areas"
] | A | a plant requires a specific climate to grow and survive |
OpenBookQA | OpenBookQA-1177 | botany
Title: Do any plants exhibit hormonal changes similar to puberty? Just what the title states.
Are there any plants/trees that exhibit a growth spurt at a definite interval after the shoot appears? In flowering plants (the angiosperms) there are several developmental transitions in the life of the plant. I won... | [
"makes it smell better",
"makes it more beautiful",
"decreases the stigma size",
"increases the pollenator amount"
] | D | as the size of a flower increases , the number of pollinators it will attract increases |
OpenBookQA | OpenBookQA-1178 | meteorology, lightning, extreme-weather
Title: Should I worry about copper pipe outside attracting lightning strikes? I used some copper pipe outside to string some decorative lights up higher in my yard. I used the copper because I thought it would be pretty and patina nice.
Then I remembered that copper is a good co... | [
"the mahogany desk",
"the metal chair",
"the steel lamp",
"the ceramic floor"
] | A | wood is an electrical energy insulator |
OpenBookQA | OpenBookQA-1179 | resources, soil
Title: Is soil a renewable resource? My geology textbook tells me that soil is not renewable, and I agree with this, but there was some question in my class as to whether this is true.
Some soils take more than a human lifetime to regenerate. However, in crop production, it seems as if soil can be reg... | [
"planting rows of carrots and peas next to one another",
"planting peas one season then carrots the next",
"planting a field of corn with different types in it",
"tilling the soil in between crops"
] | B | crop rotation renews soil |
OpenBookQA | OpenBookQA-1180 | Hey, thanks for your help guys. For a minute there, I thought that this theoretical person could not safely expect to live to be 82 years old.
9. Jun 16, 2012
### SW VandeCarr
In fact, on a purely probabilistic basis, for any finite time no matter how large, there is a non zero probability that a person would surviv... | [
"brown eyes",
"baldness",
"gray hair",
"wrinkled skin"
] | A | eye color is an inherited characteristic |
OpenBookQA | OpenBookQA-1181 | mountains, geography, paleogeography, isostasy, mountain-building
Title: What were the tallest mountain ranges in Earth's geological past? There have been numerous episodes of mountain building in Earth's geological history, particularly through the super-continent cycle. Many mountains and mountain ranges have been ... | [
"blew up",
"piles together",
"melted lava",
"created anchors"
] | B | the Appalachians were formed by rock folding |
OpenBookQA | OpenBookQA-1182 | zoology, ethology, behaviour, psychology, death
I can't prove it to you, but I know that my Beagle had a rich emotional life. I know this because I spent huge amounts of time with him. He was a close friend of mine. I would just as soon question whether my wife has real emotions as my dog. I can't prove that my wife's... | [
"we are unaware",
"that is negative",
"that is affirmative",
"all of these"
] | C | an animal knows how to do instinctive behaviors when it is born |
OpenBookQA | OpenBookQA-1183 | # Thread: physics tourist & bear problem
1. ## physics tourist & bear problem
another easy one i think:
A tourist being chased by an angry bear is running in a straight line toward his car at a speed of 3.5 m/s. The car is a distance d away. The bear is 27 m behind the tourist and running at 6.0 m/s. The tourist rea... | [
"enables him to keep his body cozy",
"enables him to eat more",
"is useless and a burden to his health",
"makes it more difficult for the bear to function"
] | A | fat is used to keep animals warm |
OpenBookQA | OpenBookQA-1184 | thermodynamics, physical-chemistry, combustion
Title: Is there an 'intuitive' explanation for "Which burns more?" In helping a friend's son with his grade 10 science homework, I came across a question that essentially asked the following:
"If two objects of equal mass but different specific heat capacities are touche... | [
"wet log",
"green leaves",
"soggy tree trunk",
"sun dried branches"
] | D | dry wood easily burns |
OpenBookQA | OpenBookQA-1185 | inorganic-chemistry, acid-base, everyday-chemistry
$$\ce{H2O + CO2(aq) <=> H2CO3}$$
and the protolysis of true $\ce{H2CO3}$
$$\ce{H2CO3 <=> H+ + HCO3-}$$
For a weak acid
$$\begin{align}
\log[\ce{H+}]&\approx\frac12\left(\log K_\mathrm a+\log[\ce{H2CO3^*}]\right)\\
&=\frac12\left(-6.3-5.0\right)\\
&=-5.65\\
\mathrm{pH}... | [
"Go for a quick run",
"Move the car to the garage",
"Go dancing in the rain",
"Go for a bike ride"
] | B | acid rain has a negative impact on water quality |
OpenBookQA | OpenBookQA-1186 | species-identification, botany
Title: Can you identify this (possibly waterstoring) plant? My son brought home a sapling, and after 4 years in a pot it is now about 30 cm or a foot high (from the "ground" to the top of the "stem"). It doesn't need a lot of water and can go weeks without being watered, in fact it seems... | [
"taller",
"older",
"less healthy",
"colder"
] | A | as the amount of water received by a plant increases , that plant will usually grow |
OpenBookQA | OpenBookQA-1187 | meteorology, clouds, weather-satellites
Title: Great Lakes - cookie cutter clouds On 2014-07-10, in the afternoon, the GOES East satellite image in the visible showed a mass of cloud in central North America. However, in the middle, the Great Lakes stood out in a most extraordinary way, since they were almost complete... | [
"hot weather",
"electrical currents",
"falling liquids",
"vitamin D"
] | C | grey clouds are a source of precipitation |
OpenBookQA | OpenBookQA-1188 | evolution, dna, natural-selection
It seems plausible to me that we (advanced life) could have a biological mechanism to "write" needed alterations into either our own DNA or our reproductive DNA over time, triggering the very specific evolutionary developments necessary to our survival without relying on random mutati... | [
"nose",
"thoughts",
"money",
"habits."
] | A | reproduction is when an organism passes genetic information from itself to its offspring |
OpenBookQA | OpenBookQA-1189 | zoology, pathology, herpetology
Title: How do pet gecko lizards pose a health risk? Does having gecko lizards living in your house pose any health risk? If you're referring to keeping geckos as pets, like all reptiles, amphibians and birds, they come with a small but finite risk of contracting salmonellosis. Having sa... | [
"environments lacking oxygen",
"moisture deficient environments",
"zero gravity environments",
"food barren environments"
] | B | some lizards live in desert habitats |
OpenBookQA | OpenBookQA-1190 | zoology, ethology, sociality
Canfield, J., Hansen, M. V., Becker, M., & Kline, C. (1998). Chicken Soup for the Pet Lover’s Soul. Deerfield Beach, FL: Health.
The following is multiple choice question (with options) to answer.
What are sources of shelter for small animals? | [
"andesite",
"wind",
"sun",
"air"
] | A | rocks are a source of shelter for small animals in an environment |
OpenBookQA | OpenBookQA-1191 | solutions
(source: Hashimoto et al. in Molecules 2019, 24, 2296 (doi.org/10.3390/molecules24122296), section 3.2; open access publication.)
This pattern is seen for inorganic reagents like $\ce{HCl}$ dissolved in water, yet equally available in methanol, 1,4-dioxane, etc. (example); and organometallic reagents, e.g. b... | [
"a plastic cup",
"a soda can",
"a steel cup",
"a trash bag"
] | C | something reusable can be used more than once |
OpenBookQA | OpenBookQA-1192 | classical-mechanics, experimental-physics, home-experiment
Title: Can force be transferred through objects in a chain to the last object without any displacement of objects in the middle?
sorry for terrible graphical representation, I did an experiment, i took 6 coins fixed 4 of them in one place by placing some real... | [
"requires more might",
"requires little strength",
"should be easy",
"should be avoided"
] | A | as the mass of an object increases , the force required to push that object will increase |
OpenBookQA | OpenBookQA-1193 | physical-chemistry
Title: Which is hardest: iron, brass or bone? I was hopping around random wikipedia articles when I came across the article for the Behemoth. In the description for the beast it says:
His bones are as strong pieces of brass; his bones are like bars of
iron
So it got me thinking, which of these t... | [
"Copper",
"Graphite",
"Calcite",
"Quartz"
] | B | measuring the hardness of minerals requires scratching those materials |
OpenBookQA | OpenBookQA-1194 | time
With respect to the Sun, the Earth rotates once every 24 hours. But because the Sun's apparent position changes in the sky due to Earth's revolution around the Sun, the Earth rotates once every 23 hours, 56 minutes, 4 seconds with respect to the stars. Because of this 3 minutes, 56 seconds difference, all stars... | [
"one time during the single rotation",
"one cycle of the sun",
"during the winter solstice",
"springtime when the moon is at apex"
] | A | cycles of day and night occur once per day |
OpenBookQA | OpenBookQA-1195 | organic-chemistry, boiling-point
Title: At what temperature will proteins and fats boil in a vacuum? A question was asked on another stackexchange site:
This is not nice perspective, but eventually it will happen. An astronaut falls out of spaceship because of damage caused by collision with other object, or because ... | [
"a dog panting under the hot sun",
"a bear shedding fur to cool off",
"an earthworm drying up on a sidewalk",
"a bird stopping to rest after a long flight"
] | C | if an organism becomes too hot then that organism may die |
OpenBookQA | OpenBookQA-1196 | atmosphere, ocean, hydrology, climate-change
Comment: I strongly endorse the use of wind and hydropower as sources of energy over the further use of fossil fuels. However, I still think it is important to do research into the actual renewability of presumed-renewable energy sources, as we don't want to end up with ano... | [
"water is good to drink",
"water is hard to dry up",
"water is quite cyclical",
"water is found in trees"
] | C | water is a renewable resource |
OpenBookQA | OpenBookQA-1197 | botany, plant-physiology, plant-anatomy
Title: How do plants grow year after year even though they die? How do plants grow, die, and then grow again? For instance, when my plants die during the winter, how do they grow again next year? Does it have something to do with the root system? Or do they even die? It depends ... | [
"They are pulled from the ground",
"They are sung too",
"They are given water",
"They have lots of sunlight"
] | A | decomposition is when a decomposer breaks down dead organisms |
OpenBookQA | OpenBookQA-1198 | energy-conservation, acoustics, material-science, dissipation
For a more detailed explanation, every material has a unique speed of sound which depends on its Young's modulus $Y$ (for solids) or equivalently on its bulk modulus $\beta$ for fluids. First consider the metal itself. It's Young's modulus is given by
$$ Y ... | [
"both values are inversely proportional",
"both values have direct proportionality",
"both values are unrelated",
"none of these"
] | B | as the amount that matter vibrates increases , sound produced increases |
OpenBookQA | OpenBookQA-1199 | earth-rotation, geologic-layers
Title: Do Earth's layers move at different speeds? I don't have a background in Geology but this question popped in my head the other day and can't find an answer anywhere else.
If I remember science class correctly, Earth's layers have different element compositions. Would it be correc... | [
"crust",
"inner core",
"outer core",
"lava pit"
] | D | the mantle is a layer of the Earth |
OpenBookQA | OpenBookQA-1200 | rotation
Title: Cycles that are longer than the year, but less than 1000 years Wondering what primary astronomical cycles there are that are greater than a year (which is a cycle around the sun), but less than 1000 years-ish (on that scale). There is the cycle of the moon phases too, and the cycle of the earth making ... | [
"the moon",
"sun",
"ocean and",
"mars"
] | B | the sun rising and setting causes cycles of day and night |
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