Datasets:

rag-datasets

/

rag-mini-bioasq

like 14

Does the royal jelly contain proteins?

Yes, main bioactive compounds of Royal Jelly, include proteins and peptides.

[31936187, 32042077, 33297150, 31473899]

What is the brand name for erenumab?

Aimovig (erenumab; erenumab-aooe in the United States) is the only US Food and Drug Administration (FDA)-approved monoclonal antibody (mAb) therapy against the CGRP receptor (CGRPR) for the prevention of migraine.

[29968151, 32049005, 32753854, 32259079]

Which protein does capmatinib bind?

Capmatinib binds MET.

[32557339]

Which neuropsychiatric disorders are associated with 16p13.11 genomic copy number variants?

schizophrenia, autism, mental retardation, ADHD, epilepsy

[22523559]

What is carcinoma en cuirasse?

Breast carcinoma en cuirasse is an extremely rare form of cutaneous metastases of breast cancer, characterized by diffuse sclerodermoid induration of the skin.

[20551556, 24068134, 24852775, 32190027, 25395467, 31191149, 31040139, 14756657, 2477873, 29197843, 34745972, 12377111, 33252056]

What is carboxyglutamate?

One of the important glutamic acid modifications is post-translationally modified 4-carboxyglutamate.

[31040920, 29856932, 33037248]

What is Morton's Neuroma?

Morton's neuroma (MN) is a neuralgia involving the common plantar digital nerves of the metatarsal region.

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Which company produces the HercepTest?

DAKO is the company producing the companion diagnostic HercepTest.

[30668632]

Does UBE4B promote renal cancer?

Yes. UBE4B might act as an oncogene in regulating renal cancer development. Therefore it could be served as an effective indicator to predict OS and a potential biomarker for targeted therapy of renal cancer patients.

[32021266]

Does addition of valproic acid improve survival of patients with diffuse intrinsic pontine glioma?

No. Addition of valproic acid and bevacizumab to radiation was well tolerated but did not appear to improve survival in children with diffuse intrinsic pontine glioma.

[24293221, 32285998]

List the main protein families found in human tears?

Lipocalin Cystatin S (CST4), calcyclin (S100A6), calgranulin A (S100A8) matrix metalloproteinase 9 (MMP9) LTF, LYZ, ZAG, DNAJC3

[34012227, 31369467, 31951085, 34489718]

In what year did Gregor Mendel die?

The life and personality of Johann Gregor Mendel (1822-1884)

[1887835, 14602707]

List 4 monoclonal antibodies in development for the prevention of migraine.

Four monoclonal antibodies targeting either the CGRP ligand or receptor are being studied for migraine prevention: ALD403 (eptinezumab), AMG 334 (erenumab), LY2951742 (galcanezumab), and TEV-48125 (fremanezumab)

[28644160]

Is there a role for CADM1 in Myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS)?

Yes, CADM1 may be important in the physiopathology of the del(11q) MDS, extending its role as tumor-suppressor gene from solid tumors to hematopoietic malignancies with deletion of the long arm of chromosome 11.

[34638130]

Which drugs are in the Segluromet combination pill?

Segluromet includes combinations of ertugliflozin and metformin. It has recently been approved by the US FDA as an adjunct to diet and exercise to improve glycaemic control in adults with T2DM.

[30938372, 30724637, 29476348]

Where is the protein "Single-stranded DNA-binding protein" found?

In the mitochondrion (mitochondrial single-stranded DNA binding protein, mtSSB) and its role is the regulation of mitochondrial DNA replication initiation in mammalian mitochondria.

[34215584, 34539752, 34185867, 33847964, 33847967]

Is periampullary carcinoma (PAC) a relatively rare genitourinary malignancy

Periampullary carcinoma (PAC) a relatively rare gastrointestinal malignancy and includes Pancreaticobiliary as a subtype of Periampullary carcinoma

[24075520, 23187842, 30258276, 29504325, 10073125, 33227091, 34673588, 24650967]

For which indication has inotersen been approved?

Inoteresen has been approved for patients in stage 1 and stage 2 hereditary transthyretin amyloidosis polyneuropathy.

[32865784]

Do SETD1A mutations predispose to schizophrenia?

Yes. There is a mutation in the gene that codes for a protein called SetD1A. This protein is involved in the development of schizophrenia.

[31606247]

Is Sotatercept effective for Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension?

Sotatercept was shown to be effective for Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension.

[33789009, 33733610]

Which disease is caused by mutations in the gene CALR?

Somatic mutations of calreticulin (CALR) have been identified as a main disease driver of myeloproliferative neoplasms,

[33202112, 33202418, 34804436, 32733014, 32694616, 34571965]

Is the 22-item sino-nasal outcome test (SNOT-22) a widely used measure for Health-Related Quality-of-Life (HRQOL) associated with chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS)?

Conclusion. The German-SNOT-22 validated here matches the original SNOT-22. It is a reliable, valid and responsive questionnaire to assess symptoms, HRQOL and treatment-response in CRS-patients.

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Is pRETRO-SUPER an adenoviral vector?

No, pRETRO-SUPER is a retroviral vector.

[24168513]

Which tool has been developed for annotation of Gα, Gβ and Gγ subunits of G-proteins?

GprotPRED is an online tool that uses profile Hidden Markov Models (pHMMs) and application to proteomes. The sensitivity and specificity for all pHMMs were equal to 100% with the exception of the Gβ case, where sensitivity equals to 100%, while specificity is 99.993%.

[26854601]

Describe applications of the CHALICE rule?

The children's head injury algorithm for the prediction of important clinical events (CHALICE) is one of the strongest clinical prediction rules for the management of children with head injuries. It can be used to predict death, need for neurosurgical intervention or CT abnormality in children with head trauma.

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What is the KDEL retention signal?

the -KDEL retention signal sequence is characteristic of many proteins localized to the ER.

[29733248, 28669732, 7893163, 10767987, 32020276]

What are the diagnostic criteria for hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis?

Hemophagocytic syndrome (HS) is a severe hyper inflammatory condition whose cardinal symptoms are prolonged fever, cytopenia, hepatosplenomegaly, and hemophagocytosis by activated, morphologically benign macrophages.

[26512263, 32300936, 24583560, 16937360, 1561489, 33658450, 30086677, 34850652, 21773661, 32588191]

When was Vitravene approved in Brazil?

Vitravene was approved in Brazil in the summer of 1999.

[11497353]

Is there a dependence between chromatin organization and dorsoventral gene expression in Drosophila?

No. There is independence of chromatin conformation and gene regulation during Drosophila dorsoventral patterning

[33795866]

Is vocimagene amiretrorepvec effective for recurrent high-grade glioma?

No. Despite initially promising results in a randomized, open-label phase 2/3 trial, among patients who underwent tumor resection for first or second recurrence of glioblastoma or anaplastic astrocytoma, administration of Toca 511 and Toca FC did not improve overall survival or other efficacy end points.

[33119048, 29117980, 27252174, 30676111]

Which proteins are markers of myositis?

Blood tests showed significantly increased CK and aldolase values in patients with myositis (p < 0.001 and p < 0.0001).

[34030894, 33416262, 34571335]

What is the association between maternal and fetal alloantigens and RANTES production?

Induction of maternal tolerance to fetal alloantigens by RANTES production.

[17217369, 17076674, 9886550]

What is Tagsedi?

Tagsedi is a second-generation antisense oligonucleotide with 2'-O-methoxyethyl modification designed to bind to the 3' untranslated region of the transthyretin mRNA in the nucleus of the liver cells.

[32865784]

Should perampanel be used for amyotrophic lateral sclerosis?

No. Perampanel should not be used for amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.

[34322897, 34191081]

Is Satb1 a transcription factor?

Yes, transcription factor Satb1.

[33527899, 34244292, 34583974, 33834511]

What is PPROM?

Preterm premature(Prelabor) rupture of fetal membranes is often abbreviated as PPROM, and is defined as rupture of membranes before the onset of labor at < 37 weeks' gestation, affects approximately 3% of all pregnancies

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What is the half-life of epimutations across generations of C. elegans?

In C. elegans, epimutations typically have short half-lives of two to three generations. Nevertheless, some epimutations last at least ten generations.

[31301033, 32868918]

What drugs are included in the Avandamet pill?

The combination of metformin and rosiglitazone in a single pill (Avandamet), was approved by the FDA in October 2002 for the treatment of diabetes.

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What does temsirolimus inhibit?

Temsirolimus is a mTOR inhibitor

[34804848, 34565342, 31331862, 34589671]

Are circular RNAs implicated in diseases of the eye?

Circular RNA (circRNA) are associated with several eye diseases.

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What happens to the expression levels of piRNAs in the case of intracranial aneurysm rupture?

piRNAs showed a substantial decrease in RNA abundance that was sustained after IA rupture.

[32424559]

Lucio’s Phenomenon is characteristic to which disease?

Lucio's phenomenon is a rare but distinctive skin eruption seen in patients with diffuse lepromatous leprosy.

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Where are the complexins expressed?

Complexins (CPLXs), initially identified in neuronal presynaptic terminals, are cytoplasmic proteins that interact with the soluble N-ethylmaleimide-sensitive factor attachment protein receptors (SNARE) complex to regulate the fusion of vesicles to the plasma membrane.

[23159779, 30471689, 26019341, 31691534, 23658160]

Please list the tests used to diagnose Allergic Rhinitis.

Diagnosis of allergic rhinitis is made by a combination of medical history, physical examination, positive methacholine challenge result or bronchodilator responsiveness, determination of IgE-mediated sensitization, and specific inhalation challenge tests as the gold standard, specific IgE screening tests include Skin prick test (SPT), Phadiatop, and nasal provocation test (NPT).

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Can epigenetic modifications be heritable?

Epigenetic alterations (epimutations) could thus contribute to heritable variation within populations and be subject to evolutionary processes such as natural selection and drift.

[32868918]

What is the role of the AIMS65 score?

AIMS65 score is used to predict outcomes after upper GI bleeding.

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What is the gene ABCG1 encoding?

ABCG1 is an ATP binding cassette (ABC) transporter that removes excess cholesterol from peripheral tissues.

[34461069, 32725886, 34608503]

Febrifugine could be repositioned for what diseases?

Febrifugine exerts potent antischistosomal effects and can be expected to contribute to the development of a novel antischistosomal drug.

[32518498, 27043972, 34628069, 22327401, 24650700, 26984239, 31702585]

When was Volanesorsen approved in the EU?

In May 2019, volanesorsen was approved in the EU for the treatment of adult patients with familial chylomicronemia syndrome.

[31301033]

Is Belimumab used for lupus nephritis?

Yes, Belimumab can be used for lupus nephritis.

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Is SOX10 expressed in melanoma cells?

Yes, The most commonly used melanocytic markers include S100, Melan-A, HMB45 and SOX10

[33509946, 33002486, 34557039]

How many copies of LBX are found in teleosts?

In teleosts, that have undergone an additional genome duplication, 8 Lbx paralogons (three of which retain Lbx genes) were found.

[18541024]

Which organizations approved Tagsedi in 2018?

In 2018 Tagsedi was approved by the United States Food and Drug Agency, Health Canada, and European Commission.

[32865784]

What is the use of the CAHP score?

CAHP (cardiac arrest hospital prognosis) score is used to evaluate prognosis after cardiac arrest.

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What is the drug Aduhelm approved for?

he Food and Drug Administration (FDA) granted approval for Aduhelm (aducanumab) for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease under its accelerated approval program

[34657891, 34554982, 34217830, 34324167, 34585212]

What are the 4 histological types of lung cancer?

Lung cancer is broadly subclassified on the basis of histological features into squamous cell carcinoma, adenocarcinoma, large cell carcinoma and small cell carcinoma.

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What is F105-P?

F105-P is a protamine-antibody fusion protein designed to deliver siRNA to HIV-infected or envelope-transfected cells. In specific, it was designed with the protamine coding sequence linked to the C terminus of the heavy chain Fab fragment of an HIV-1 envelope antibody.

[15908939]

Should edasalonexent be used for Duchenne muscular dystrophy patients?

No. In phase 3 clinical trial edasalonexent did not achieve statistical significance for improvement in primary and secondary functional endpoints for assessment of Duchenne muscular dystrophy. However, subgroup analysis suggested that edasalonexent may slow disease progression if initiated before 6 years of age.

[34120912, 33678513]

What disease is presenilin involved in?

Loss-of-function mutations in PSEN1/2 genes are the leading cause of familial Alzheimer's disease (fAD).

[31606858, 34593029, 34662541, 34100423]

In what part of the body is the masseter muscle located?

In human anatomy, the masseter is one of the muscles of mastication and is located in the jaw.

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Which endothelial cell migration pathways were modulated at the gene expression level by rHDL-apoE3?

The most pronounced effect was observed for EC migration, with 42/198 genes being involved in the following EC migration-related pathways: 1) MEK/ERK, 2) PI3K/AKT/eNOS-MMP2/9, 3) RHO-GTPases, and 4) integrin.

[34875308]

Is tivantinib effective for MET-high hepatocellular carcinoma?

No. In phase 3 clinical trials Tivantinib did not improve overall survival compared with placebo in patients with MET-high hepatocellular carcinoma despite promising phase 2 trial results.

[30190953, 32716114, 23167786, 29625879]

What is the function of the protein SLC26A5?

SLC26A5 transporter prestin is fundamental for the higher hearing sensitivity and frequency selectivity of mammals. Prestin is a voltage-dependent transporter found in the cochlear outer hair cells responsible for their electromotility.

[34294052, 34373481, 33951436, 33667636, 34695838]

Is EuroQol 5-Dimension Health Assessment (EQ-5D) [a widely used, simple instrument that monitors the general health-related quality of life (HRQoL) in chronic disease] a 5 question assessment?

The 6-question EuroQol 5-Dimension Health Assessment (EQ-5D) is a widely used, simple instrument that monitors general health-related quality of life (HRQoL) in chronic disease.

[24705224]

What are piRNAs?

PIWI-interacting RNAs (piRNAs) are germline-specific small RNAs that form effector complexes with PIWI proteins (Piwi-piRNA complexes) and play critical roles for preserving genomic integrity by repressing transposable elements (TEs).

[34337769]

Bimekizumab is used for treatment of which disease?

Bimekizumab is used for psoriasis.

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What is the white mutation in Drosophila affecting?

Βeyond the classical eye-color phenotype, mutations in Drosophila white gene could impair several biological functions affecting parameters like mobility, life span and stress tolerance.

[32964643, 29354028]

Austrian syndrome is a rare entity characterized by Osler's triad. Please list the 3 components of Osler's triad.

Austrian syndrome, which is also known as Osler's triad, is a rare aggressive pathology consisting of pneumonia, endocarditis, and meningitis caused by Streptococcus pneumoniae

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What is the rate of epimutations in C. elegans?

In C. elegans epimutations arise spontaneously at a rate approximately 25 times greater than DNA sequence changes.

[32868918]

Is sacituzumab govitecan effective for breast cancer?

Yes. Sacituzumab Govitecan is a new and available treatment for metastatic triple-negative breast cancer.

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What is Upadacitinib?

Upadacitinib is an oral Janus kinase inhibitor approved for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and recently approved by the European Medicines Agency for the treatment of psoriatic arthritis (PsA).

[34464029, 32648334, 34551039]

Please list the difference between Pyoderma gangrenosum versus chronic venous ulceration?

Even when other body sites are affected, pyoderma gangrenosum usually affects the upper and lower legs and feet or peristomal sites compared with chronic venous ulcers that are limited to the lower legs and feet. (2) Pyoderma gangrenosum can be associated with systemic diseases, especially inflammatory bowel disease. (4) Crater-like holes or cribriform scarring is commonly seen in pyoderma gangrenosum but not in chronic venous ulcers.

[17241569, 15778477]

What is Mobilome-seq?

Mobilome-seq is a method for selectively amplifying and sequencing eccDNAs. It relies on linear digestion of genomic DNA followed by rolling circle amplification of circular DNA. Both active DNA transposons and retrotransposons can be identified using this technique.

[28212378, 33900595, 33900594]

Which variables are included in the ALT-70 Score for cellulitis?

ALT-70 cellulitis score includes: Asymmetry (3 points), Leukocytosis (1 point), Tachycardia (1 point), and age ≥70 (2 points).

[28215446]

List biomarkers for sepsis.

HCK, PRKCD, SIRPA, DOK3, ITGAM, LTB4R, MAPK14, MALT1, NLRC3, LCK C-Reactive Protein (CRP), Procalcitonin (PCT) and Interleukin 6 (IL-6) sTM

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Is Acute Necrotizing Encephalopathy (ANE) which typically affects young, healthy children usually triggered by exposure to air pollution?

Acute necrotizing encephalopathy (ANE) is a recently identified, uncommon encephalopathy affecting children. Acute necrotizing encephalopathy (ANE) is a specific type of encephalopathy usually followed by febrile infection

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What is Waylivra?

Volanesorsen (Waylivra®), an antisense oligonucleotide inhibitor of apolipoprotein CIII (apoCIII) mRNA to treat familial chylomicronemia syndrome (FCS), hypertriglyceridemia and familial partial lipodystrophy (FPL).

[31301033]

Which disease can be prevented with PfSPZ Vaccine?

PfSPZ Vaccine is used for prevention of malaria.

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Is Phospholemman a membrane protein?

Yes, FXYD1 (encoding phospholemman) is a transmembrane protein.

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What is MACE in the context of cardiotoxicity?

MACE is an acronym for Major Adverse Cardiovascular Events.

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Which clinical trials led to the first approval of Volanesorsen by the EU?

The approval of Volanesorsen by the EU was based on the positive results from the multinational, phase III APPROACH and COMPASS studies.

[31301033]

Can Isradipine slow progression of Early Parkinson Disease?

No. In a multicenter, randomized, parallel-group, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial Isradipine did not slow progression of Early Parkinson Disease.

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Is neurofilament light marker for disease?

Yes, Serum neurofilament light chain (sNfL) is a marker of neuroaxonal injury leading to numerous diseases such as frontotemporal dementia (FTD) and Multiple sclerosis (MS).

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Is resistance training usually associated with increasing muscle hypertrophy?

Traditional resistance exercises have been widely used to promote muscle strength and hypertrophy.

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Which company developed Waylivra?

Waylivra is being developed by Ionis Pharmaceuticals through its subsidiary company, Akcea Therapeutics.

[31301033]

Is nerinetide effective for ischaemic stroke?

No. Nerinetide did not improve the proportion of patients achieving good clinical outcomes after endovascular thrombectomy compared with patients receiving placebo.

[32087818]

What is known about FANK1?

Fank1 encodes a protein containing a fibronectin type III domain in the amino terminus and five ankyrin repeats in its carboxyl terminus. FANK1 displays a high degree of sequence conservation in 11 vertebrate species during evolution. Bioinformatic and experimental analyses revealed that Fank1 was exclusively expressed in the testis in both mice and humans. Consistent with its nuclear localization, a gene ontology analysis suggests that FANK1 has a DNA binding activity and thus may function as a transcription factor.

[17604233, 20978819, 31086747, 24369145]

Please list the drugs associated with Drug-Induced Hypophosphatemia.

Drug induced hypophosphatemia can occur with iron therapy as well a treatment with ferric carboxymaltose, elotuzumab, cemiplimab, Temsirolimus, capecitabine, panobinostat, bendamustine, ofatumumab, carboplatin and etoposide (BOCE)

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Is Algenpantucel-L effective for pancreatic cancer?

No. In phase 3 clinical trial Algenpantucel-L immunotherapy did not improve survival in patients with borderline resectable or locally advanced unresectable pancreatic cancer receiving SOC neoadjuvant chemotherapy and chemoradiation.

[33630475, 23229886]

Is Mical an oxidoreductase?

Yes, MICAL is an oxidoreductase

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What is the most frequent evolution (next stage) when Aortic intramural hematoma (IMH) is not treated?

Aortic intramural hematoma (IMH) evolves very dynamically in the short-term to regression, dissection, or aortic rupture

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Which drugs are included in the Qtern pill?

Qtern pill includes saxagliptin and dapagliflozin. It is indicated in the EU for the improvement of glycaemic control in adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus.

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List SLE-related autoantibodies.

Serum autoantibodies analyzed included lupus anticoagulant (LAC), anticardiolipine (aCL) IgG and IgM (first 3 also grouped into antiphospholipid autoantibodies (aPL)), anti-dsDNA, anti-SSA, anti-SSB, anti-RNP, and anti-Sm (the latter 5 grouped into SLE-related autoantibodies). Diagnostic panels comprising anti-RPLP2, anti-SNRPC and anti-PARP1, and anti-RPLP2, anti-PARP1, anti-MAK16 and anti- RPL7A were selected.

[29141377, 29156741, 30526327, 11093143, 31899518]

What is nephropathic cystinosis?

Nephropathic cystinosis is a rare autosomal recessive lysosomal storage disorder characterized by abnormal accumulation of intracellular cystine in various tissues including the brain, kidneys, bones, and eyes.

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Which drugs are included in the Contrave pill?

Contrave® is an adjunct pharmacotherapy for obesity that contains bupropion (BUP) and naltrexone (NTX).

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When is lorlatinib used?

Lorlatinib is a third-generation ALK inhibitor that can overcome the largest number of acquired ALK resistance mutations, including the solvent-front mutation G1202R.

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Ladybird homeobox (Lbx) transcription factors regulate the development of what body systems/organs?

Ladybird homeobox (Lbx) transcription factors have crucial functions in muscle and nervous system development in many animals

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Should istiratumab be used for Pancreatic Cancer?

No. In a clinical trial Istiratumab failed to improve the efficacy of standard of care chemotherapy in metastatic pancreatic cancer patients.

[31912800]

When is the protein OAS1 activated?

OAS1 is a IFN-stimulated gene. Antiviral response.

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Does Amblyopia affect the eye?

Amblyopia, also called lazy eye, is a disorder of sight in which the brain fails to process inputs from one eye and over time favors the other eye. It results in decreased vision in an eye that otherwise typically appears normal

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