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AIPD_nlp_sentence_dataset_v2

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30. A computer readable medium of a server device storing a computer program executable by at least one processor, the computer program comprising: a set of instructions for receiving, from a client device, data that identifies at least one discount for an online purchase order; a set of instructions for retrieving, based on the received data, programming instructions for determining applicability of a particular identified discount; a set of instructions for sending said programming instructions to the client device, said programming instructions for execution at said client device to determine applicability of the particular identified discount to multiple purchase orders without receiving further programming instructions from the server device; and a set of instructions for receiving discount information from the client device, said discount information comprising the applicability of the particular identified discount determined at the client device.

30. A computer readable medium of a server device storing a computer program executable by at least one processor, the computer program comprising: a set of instructions for receiving, from a client device, data that identifies at least one discount for an online purchase order; a set of instructions for retrieving, based on the received data, programming instructions for determining applicability of a particular identified discount; a set of instructions for sending said programming instructions to the client device, said programming instructions for execution at said client device to determine applicability of the particular identified discount to multiple purchase orders without receiving further programming instructions from the server device; and a set of instructions for receiving discount information from the client device, said discount information comprising the applicability of the particular identified discount determined at the client device. 32. The computer readable medium of claim 30 , wherein the purchase order originates at the client device.

17. In a general purpose computer, a method for automatically testing a business intelligence artifact in a business intelligence system, comprising: authoring a business intelligence artifact in the business intelligence system, wherein the business intelligence artifact produces output when the business intelligence artifact is executed in the business intelligence system, and wherein the business intelligence artifact is selected from the group consisting of: a report specification, an analysis cube, and a metadata model; executing the business intelligence artifact in the business intelligence system to generate a business intelligence output; creating at least one assertion to verify the desired function of the business intelligence artifact when executed in the business intelligence system; testing, with an automated agent interfaced with the business intelligence system, the business intelligence artifact for problems by determining whether the business intelligence output generated by the business intelligence artifact satisfies the conditions of the at least one assertion after execution of the business intelligence artifact in the business intelligence system; reporting if the conditions of the at least one assertion are not satisfied after execution of the business intelligence artifact in the business intelligence system; and recording one or more corrections made to the business intelligence artifact as a subsequent version of the business intelligence artifact.

17. In a general purpose computer, a method for automatically testing a business intelligence artifact in a business intelligence system, comprising: authoring a business intelligence artifact in the business intelligence system, wherein the business intelligence artifact produces output when the business intelligence artifact is executed in the business intelligence system, and wherein the business intelligence artifact is selected from the group consisting of: a report specification, an analysis cube, and a metadata model; executing the business intelligence artifact in the business intelligence system to generate a business intelligence output; creating at least one assertion to verify the desired function of the business intelligence artifact when executed in the business intelligence system; testing, with an automated agent interfaced with the business intelligence system, the business intelligence artifact for problems by determining whether the business intelligence output generated by the business intelligence artifact satisfies the conditions of the at least one assertion after execution of the business intelligence artifact in the business intelligence system; reporting if the conditions of the at least one assertion are not satisfied after execution of the business intelligence artifact in the business intelligence system; and recording one or more corrections made to the business intelligence artifact as a subsequent version of the business intelligence artifact. 19. The method of claim 17 , wherein the conditions of the at least one assertion comprise expectations pertaining to the quantity of data in the business intelligence output.

8. A voicemail system comprising: a tangible computer processor; and a non-transitory computer-readable medium having instructions that, when executed by the processor, cause the processor to: receive a call for a called party at the voicemail system, the voicemail system comprising a stored language preference for the called party; prompt a calling party to leave a message; create the message; prompt the calling party to indicate a calling-party-selected language preference for the message; in response to prompting the calling party to indicate the calling-party-selected language preference for the message, receive the calling-party-selected language preference for the message; override the stored language preference for the called party with the calling-party-selected language preference; determine whether the message is in the calling-party-selected language preference; and in response to overriding the stored language preference with the calling-party-selected language preference, and if the message is not in the calling-party-selected preferred language identified by the language preference, translate the message into a preferred language of the calling-party-selected preferred language preference, thereby creating a translated message.

8. A voicemail system comprising: a tangible computer processor; and a non-transitory computer-readable medium having instructions that, when executed by the processor, cause the processor to: receive a call for a called party at the voicemail system, the voicemail system comprising a stored language preference for the called party; prompt a calling party to leave a message; create the message; prompt the calling party to indicate a calling-party-selected language preference for the message; in response to prompting the calling party to indicate the calling-party-selected language preference for the message, receive the calling-party-selected language preference for the message; override the stored language preference for the called party with the calling-party-selected language preference; determine whether the message is in the calling-party-selected language preference; and in response to overriding the stored language preference with the calling-party-selected language preference, and if the message is not in the calling-party-selected preferred language identified by the language preference, translate the message into a preferred language of the calling-party-selected preferred language preference, thereby creating a translated message. 12. The voicemail system of claim 8 , wherein the message is at least one message type selected from a group of message types consisting of: a video message; a text message; and a voicemail message.

14. A computer implemented system for benchmarking a brand based on social media strength of said brand, comprising: a brand monitoring platform comprising at least one processor configured to execute modules of said brand monitoring platform for monitoring said brand in a virtual social media environment, said modules of said brand monitoring platform comprising: an information acquisition module that acquires input information on said brand; an industry identification module that identifies industries related to said brand and competing brands in said identified industries using said acquired input information on said brand; said information acquisition module that acquires social media information related to said brand and said competing brands in said identified industries from a plurality of social media sources in said virtual social media environment via a network; a category generation module that dynamically generates categories in one or more hierarchical levels in each of said identified industries based on an independent analysis of said acquired social media information related to said brand and said competing brands from each of said social media sources; a sorting module that sorts said acquired social media information related to said brand and said competing brands in said each of said identified industries into one or more of said dynamically generated categories in said one or more hierarchical levels using a sorting interface; a scoring module that determines an audience score for said brand and each of said competing brands by measuring an aggregate reach of said brand and said each of said competing brands in said virtual social media environment based on one or more of a plurality of weighted audience score metric parameters using said sorted social media information; said scoring module that determines an engagement score for said brand and said each of said competing brands by measuring interaction between said brand and said each of said competing brands and their followers based on one or more of a plurality of weighted engagement score metric parameters using said sorted social media information; said scoring module that generates an aggregate score for said brand and said each of said competing brands using said determined audience score and said determined engagement score; and said scoring module that determines said social media strength of said brand in comparison with said competing brands in said virtual social media environment by assigning a rank to said brand and said each of said competing brands based on said aggregate score for said benchmarking of said brand based on said social media strength of said brand in comparison with said competing brands in said virtual social media environment; whereby said generated aggregate score of said brand and said each of said competing brands benchmarks said brand based on said social media strength of said brand in comparison with said competing brands in said virtual social media environment.

14. A computer implemented system for benchmarking a brand based on social media strength of said brand, comprising: a brand monitoring platform comprising at least one processor configured to execute modules of said brand monitoring platform for monitoring said brand in a virtual social media environment, said modules of said brand monitoring platform comprising: an information acquisition module that acquires input information on said brand; an industry identification module that identifies industries related to said brand and competing brands in said identified industries using said acquired input information on said brand; said information acquisition module that acquires social media information related to said brand and said competing brands in said identified industries from a plurality of social media sources in said virtual social media environment via a network; a category generation module that dynamically generates categories in one or more hierarchical levels in each of said identified industries based on an independent analysis of said acquired social media information related to said brand and said competing brands from each of said social media sources; a sorting module that sorts said acquired social media information related to said brand and said competing brands in said each of said identified industries into one or more of said dynamically generated categories in said one or more hierarchical levels using a sorting interface; a scoring module that determines an audience score for said brand and each of said competing brands by measuring an aggregate reach of said brand and said each of said competing brands in said virtual social media environment based on one or more of a plurality of weighted audience score metric parameters using said sorted social media information; said scoring module that determines an engagement score for said brand and said each of said competing brands by measuring interaction between said brand and said each of said competing brands and their followers based on one or more of a plurality of weighted engagement score metric parameters using said sorted social media information; said scoring module that generates an aggregate score for said brand and said each of said competing brands using said determined audience score and said determined engagement score; and said scoring module that determines said social media strength of said brand in comparison with said competing brands in said virtual social media environment by assigning a rank to said brand and said each of said competing brands based on said aggregate score for said benchmarking of said brand based on said social media strength of said brand in comparison with said competing brands in said virtual social media environment; whereby said generated aggregate score of said brand and said each of said competing brands benchmarks said brand based on said social media strength of said brand in comparison with said competing brands in said virtual social media environment. 25. The computer implemented system of claim 14 , wherein said scoring module performs: normalizing measures corresponding to each of said weighted audience score metric parameters for reducing statistical differences between extreme said measures corresponding to said each of said weighted audience score metric parameters; and normalizing measures corresponding to each of said weighted engagement score metric parameters for reducing statistical differences between extreme said measures corresponding to said each of said weighted engagement score metric parameters.

1. A machine implemented method comprising: receiving by a search engine, from a content searching or consuming application, an atomic search term, the search engine and the content searching or consuming application being operated on one or more different or same computing devices; receiving a content page nominally associated with the atomic search term, or access information of the content page, by the search engine; generating in response, by the search engine, one or more scores for one or more structures of the content page indicative of relative relevance of the content page or one or more portions of the content page to the atomic search term, wherein a structure includes substructures, wherein the generating of a score for a structure is based at least in part on a distance function and a scoring function, wherein the distance function measures distances between sub-structures within the structure being scored to facilitate determining of mutual relevance of occurrence positions, and wherein the scoring function is positionally sensitive, yielding different scores for at least some different occurrence positions of the atomic search term in substructures of the structure being scored, irrespective of substructure category memberships; and conditionally providing or not providing the content page or one or more portions of the content page, or access information of the content page or one or more portions of the content page, to the content searching or consuming application, by the search engine, based at least in part on the generated one or more scores.

1. A machine implemented method comprising: receiving by a search engine, from a content searching or consuming application, an atomic search term, the search engine and the content searching or consuming application being operated on one or more different or same computing devices; receiving a content page nominally associated with the atomic search term, or access information of the content page, by the search engine; generating in response, by the search engine, one or more scores for one or more structures of the content page indicative of relative relevance of the content page or one or more portions of the content page to the atomic search term, wherein a structure includes substructures, wherein the generating of a score for a structure is based at least in part on a distance function and a scoring function, wherein the distance function measures distances between sub-structures within the structure being scored to facilitate determining of mutual relevance of occurrence positions, and wherein the scoring function is positionally sensitive, yielding different scores for at least some different occurrence positions of the atomic search term in substructures of the structure being scored, irrespective of substructure category memberships; and conditionally providing or not providing the content page or one or more portions of the content page, or access information of the content page or one or more portions of the content page, to the content searching or consuming application, by the search engine, based at least in part on the generated one or more scores. 5. The method of claim 1 , wherein the structure comprises a tree corresponding to parsed markup of a portion of the content page, annotated with measurement information derived from layout structures associated with the content page.

1. A method for use in a computer system of generating a composite character configured for presentation by an output device, the composite character including a first component glyph and a second component glyph, each component glyph being defined by an outline, the method comprising: identifying, by the computer system, a first control point associated with the outline of the first component glyph and a second control point associated with the outline of the second component glyph, wherein identifying a first control point and a second control point comprises: determining one or more candidate control points for each of the first component glyph and the second component glyph; selecting the first control point from the one or more candidate control points determined for the first component glyph; and selecting the second control point from the one or more candidate control points determined for the second component glyph; receiving, by the computer system, a typographically relevant offset constraint associated with the composite character and relative to the first and second control points of the first and second component glyphs, the offset constraint including a vertical offset and a horizontal offset between the first component glyph and the second component glyph; scaling the outlines of the first and second component glyphs and the vertical and horizontal offsets of the offset constraint based at least in part on an output device resolution; assembling the scaled outline of the first component glyph and the scaled outline of the second component glyph to generate the composite character; and altering the assembled composite character to cause relative positions of the first control point and the second control point in the assembled composite character to satisfy the scaled offset constraint.

1. A method for use in a computer system of generating a composite character configured for presentation by an output device, the composite character including a first component glyph and a second component glyph, each component glyph being defined by an outline, the method comprising: identifying, by the computer system, a first control point associated with the outline of the first component glyph and a second control point associated with the outline of the second component glyph, wherein identifying a first control point and a second control point comprises: determining one or more candidate control points for each of the first component glyph and the second component glyph; selecting the first control point from the one or more candidate control points determined for the first component glyph; and selecting the second control point from the one or more candidate control points determined for the second component glyph; receiving, by the computer system, a typographically relevant offset constraint associated with the composite character and relative to the first and second control points of the first and second component glyphs, the offset constraint including a vertical offset and a horizontal offset between the first component glyph and the second component glyph; scaling the outlines of the first and second component glyphs and the vertical and horizontal offsets of the offset constraint based at least in part on an output device resolution; assembling the scaled outline of the first component glyph and the scaled outline of the second component glyph to generate the composite character; and altering the assembled composite character to cause relative positions of the first control point and the second control point in the assembled composite character to satisfy the scaled offset constraint. 3. The method of claim 1 wherein the first control point is positioned relative to a defined curve on the outline of the first component glyph.

9. A computer-implemented method for executing instructions stored on a computer readable storage medium, the method comprising: receiving a plurality of queries from a user and applied by a search engine to obtain corresponding search results, including identifying at least one search session of the user during which the plurality of queries were received in a sequence; generating, based on the plurality of queries, an initial graph of nodes, each node corresponding to at least one query and connected by an edge to another node in an order corresponding to the sequence, wherein the order and the sequence include at least one conflict in which a first parent node is connected by a first edge to at least one child node that is itself a second parent node connected by a second edge to the first parent node; detecting the at least one conflict and resolving the at least one conflict including determining that the second parent node corresponds to a higher value of at least one search quality metric than the first parent node, and then removing the second edge, based on the determining, to thereby transform the initial graph into a directed graph; merging at least two of the nodes based on a similarity of corresponding queries thereof, to obtain a merged node; relating the merged node with a domain topic of an ontology base; generating at least one representative query representing the merged node, based on the ontology base; matching a current query with a matching node of the nodes; following the directed graph from the matching node until the merged node is reached within the directed graph; and providing the at least one representative query to the user as a suggested query for a future search to be conducted by the search engine.

9. A computer-implemented method for executing instructions stored on a computer readable storage medium, the method comprising: receiving a plurality of queries from a user and applied by a search engine to obtain corresponding search results, including identifying at least one search session of the user during which the plurality of queries were received in a sequence; generating, based on the plurality of queries, an initial graph of nodes, each node corresponding to at least one query and connected by an edge to another node in an order corresponding to the sequence, wherein the order and the sequence include at least one conflict in which a first parent node is connected by a first edge to at least one child node that is itself a second parent node connected by a second edge to the first parent node; detecting the at least one conflict and resolving the at least one conflict including determining that the second parent node corresponds to a higher value of at least one search quality metric than the first parent node, and then removing the second edge, based on the determining, to thereby transform the initial graph into a directed graph; merging at least two of the nodes based on a similarity of corresponding queries thereof, to obtain a merged node; relating the merged node with a domain topic of an ontology base; generating at least one representative query representing the merged node, based on the ontology base; matching a current query with a matching node of the nodes; following the directed graph from the matching node until the merged node is reached within the directed graph; and providing the at least one representative query to the user as a suggested query for a future search to be conducted by the search engine. 10. The computer-implemented method of claim 9 , wherein at least one directed edge of the directed graph is annotated with a weight indicating a number of times that a corresponding sequence pair of queries occurred.

1. A method comprising: in a specification mode: specifying a class network having a class, wherein a membership function defines a likelihood that an object of a data network belongs to the class; specifying a process step having a domain and an algorithm, wherein the domain designates the class, and wherein the process step is part of a process hierarchy; specifying a link type that defines a relation between the class and the object; in an execution mode: acquiring table data values; and executing the class network and the process hierarchy on a computer that implements the data network by generating the object of the data network and by selectively linking selected table data values to the object according to the class network and the process hierarchy.

1. A method comprising: in a specification mode: specifying a class network having a class, wherein a membership function defines a likelihood that an object of a data network belongs to the class; specifying a process step having a domain and an algorithm, wherein the domain designates the class, and wherein the process step is part of a process hierarchy; specifying a link type that defines a relation between the class and the object; in an execution mode: acquiring table data values; and executing the class network and the process hierarchy on a computer that implements the data network by generating the object of the data network and by selectively linking selected table data values to the object according to the class network and the process hierarchy. 15. The method of claim 1 , wherein the table data values comprise values from a first group of parallel planar slices of a three-dimensional data set of a physical object taken at one time and from a second group of parallel planar slices of the three-dimensional data set of the physical object taken at a different time, and wherein the values from the first group and the second group of parallel planar slices depict movement of the physical object.

1. At a computing device, the computing device including a processor and system memory, a method for monitoring a device, the method comprising: receiving a parameterized device model for a device type, said parameterized device model describing mechanisms for collecting and validating data for said device type, said parameterized device model comprising: a discovery script template; a data validation script template; one or more parameters defining how one or more of said discovery script template and said data validation script template are to be customized to monitor a specified device of said device type based on corresponding parameter values for said one or more parameters; and parameter metadata defining restrictions on parameter values for said one or more parameters; creating a user interface from said parameterized device model to capture parameter values for said one or more parameters, said user interface comprising appropriate user input controls for receiving parameter values for said one or more parameters in accordance with said restrictions defined in said parameter metadata; receiving user input for said one or more parameters at said user interface, said user input including parameter values for said one or more parameters, said parameter values relevant to monitoring said specified device and in compliance with said defined parameter value restrictions; creating executable scripts for monitoring said specified device, including creating an executable discovery script from said discovery script template and creating a executable data validation script from said data validation script template, and including; using said parameter values to customize at least one of said executable discovery script and said data validation script for use with data monitored from said specified device; executing said executable discovery script to gather device data from said specified device; and executing said executable data validation script to verify said device data.

1. At a computing device, the computing device including a processor and system memory, a method for monitoring a device, the method comprising: receiving a parameterized device model for a device type, said parameterized device model describing mechanisms for collecting and validating data for said device type, said parameterized device model comprising: a discovery script template; a data validation script template; one or more parameters defining how one or more of said discovery script template and said data validation script template are to be customized to monitor a specified device of said device type based on corresponding parameter values for said one or more parameters; and parameter metadata defining restrictions on parameter values for said one or more parameters; creating a user interface from said parameterized device model to capture parameter values for said one or more parameters, said user interface comprising appropriate user input controls for receiving parameter values for said one or more parameters in accordance with said restrictions defined in said parameter metadata; receiving user input for said one or more parameters at said user interface, said user input including parameter values for said one or more parameters, said parameter values relevant to monitoring said specified device and in compliance with said defined parameter value restrictions; creating executable scripts for monitoring said specified device, including creating an executable discovery script from said discovery script template and creating a executable data validation script from said data validation script template, and including; using said parameter values to customize at least one of said executable discovery script and said data validation script for use with data monitored from said specified device; executing said executable discovery script to gather device data from said specified device; and executing said executable data validation script to verify said device data. 10. The method of claim 1 , wherein executing said executable discovery script to gather device data from said specified device comprises executing said executable discovery script to gather operational data from said specified device.

1. A method, implemented at least by a computing device, for operating an infotainment system integrated within a motor vehicle, comprising: entering, by a user, a search term in an input field of an input device; selecting, by an input completion unit and during the entering of the search term, a matching search term from a search history, wherein the matching search term matching a partial input of the entered search term; completing, by the input completion unit, the partial input in the input field based on the selected matching search term, thereby generating an input suggestion; selecting, by a search unit during the entering of the search term and based on the input suggestion, at least one database entry with a distinct object identifier from a database, wherein the database comprises a navigation database storing database entries such that each entry includes a name of a location as object identifier and metadata that describe the location, a media database storing data entries such that each entry includes a title as object identifier and metadata which describe a work of art having the title, and an address database storing data entries such that each entry includes a name as object identifier and metadata that describe a person or an institution identified by the name, the object identifier or the metadata at least partially matching the input suggestion, the input device, the input completion unit, and the search unit being each a component of the infotainment system, the matching search term or the selected at least one database entry is selected in dependence on an actual geographical location of the motor vehicle, the matching search term being never entered or used by the user in the search history and comprising at least one category derived from the metadata of the selected at least one database entry, and the matching search term and the selected at least one database entry are searched in dependence on an operating mode of the infotainment system, wherein only the navigation database is searched when the operating mode is navigation mode, only the media database is searched when the operating mode is media mode, and only the address database is searched when the operating mode is telephony mode; and displaying, by the search unit, the selected at least one database entry to the user in a selection list for selection by the user so that a discrepancy results between the input suggestion of the input field and the selected at least one data base entry displayed in the selection list, the selection list being different from the input field.

1. A method, implemented at least by a computing device, for operating an infotainment system integrated within a motor vehicle, comprising: entering, by a user, a search term in an input field of an input device; selecting, by an input completion unit and during the entering of the search term, a matching search term from a search history, wherein the matching search term matching a partial input of the entered search term; completing, by the input completion unit, the partial input in the input field based on the selected matching search term, thereby generating an input suggestion; selecting, by a search unit during the entering of the search term and based on the input suggestion, at least one database entry with a distinct object identifier from a database, wherein the database comprises a navigation database storing database entries such that each entry includes a name of a location as object identifier and metadata that describe the location, a media database storing data entries such that each entry includes a title as object identifier and metadata which describe a work of art having the title, and an address database storing data entries such that each entry includes a name as object identifier and metadata that describe a person or an institution identified by the name, the object identifier or the metadata at least partially matching the input suggestion, the input device, the input completion unit, and the search unit being each a component of the infotainment system, the matching search term or the selected at least one database entry is selected in dependence on an actual geographical location of the motor vehicle, the matching search term being never entered or used by the user in the search history and comprising at least one category derived from the metadata of the selected at least one database entry, and the matching search term and the selected at least one database entry are searched in dependence on an operating mode of the infotainment system, wherein only the navigation database is searched when the operating mode is navigation mode, only the media database is searched when the operating mode is media mode, and only the address database is searched when the operating mode is telephony mode; and displaying, by the search unit, the selected at least one database entry to the user in a selection list for selection by the user so that a discrepancy results between the input suggestion of the input field and the selected at least one data base entry displayed in the selection list, the selection list being different from the input field. 2. The method of claim 1 , further comprising after the selection of the selected at least one database entry displayed in the selection list, storing the metadata associated with the selected at least one database entry in a search history of the search unit.

1. A document viewing device for displaying document data divided for each page, said document viewing device comprising: a storage device for storing said document data; a display device; a processing device for performing a process of causing said display device to display a document based on said document data; and an input device for accepting a user operation, said processing device performing a process of generating a viewing history of said document by a user based on said user operation performed for said document displayed on said display device, a process of evaluating relevance to an object displayed on said display device and searching for a page relevant to the object displayed on said display device from pages of said document data, a process of determining based on said viewing history whether the relevant page searched is checked or unchecked, a process of generating a shortcut linked to the relevant page searched and determined to be unchecked, and a process of displaying the shortcut together with the displayed object on the display device.

1. A document viewing device for displaying document data divided for each page, said document viewing device comprising: a storage device for storing said document data; a display device; a processing device for performing a process of causing said display device to display a document based on said document data; and an input device for accepting a user operation, said processing device performing a process of generating a viewing history of said document by a user based on said user operation performed for said document displayed on said display device, a process of evaluating relevance to an object displayed on said display device and searching for a page relevant to the object displayed on said display device from pages of said document data, a process of determining based on said viewing history whether the relevant page searched is checked or unchecked, a process of generating a shortcut linked to the relevant page searched and determined to be unchecked, and a process of displaying the shortcut together with the displayed object on the display device. 6. The document viewing device according to claim 1 , wherein said input device receives designation specifying a position of the document displayed on said display device, and in said process of generating the viewing history, said processing device records, as said viewing history, information specifying the position on the page displayed on said display device, said position being designated in said input device.

1. An apparatus comprising: an input that receives indicia of a grammar; an output that provides a recognition parameter associated with said grammar; a processor coupled to said input and to said output and a computer-readable medium including computer executable instructions that, when executed by said processor, cause said processor to: analyze said grammar to determine a perplexity and word length associated with said grammar; determine a category of said grammar based on said perplexity and word length; determine said recognition parameter based on said category; and provide indicia of said recognition parameter to said output.

1. An apparatus comprising: an input that receives indicia of a grammar; an output that provides a recognition parameter associated with said grammar; a processor coupled to said input and to said output and a computer-readable medium including computer executable instructions that, when executed by said processor, cause said processor to: analyze said grammar to determine a perplexity and word length associated with said grammar; determine a category of said grammar based on said perplexity and word length; determine said recognition parameter based on said category; and provide indicia of said recognition parameter to said output. 2. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein said recognition parameter is selected from the group consisting of a confidence level, a pruning value, a noise reduction, a word-boundary acoustic evaluation, a word-internal acoustic evaluation, a model selection, and a timeout value.

12. The computer readable medium of claim 11 , further comprising: providing a definition interface to allow a rule for an event of the user interface component type to be defined based on the associated business domain object.

12. The computer readable medium of claim 11 , further comprising: providing a definition interface to allow a rule for an event of the user interface component type to be defined based on the associated business domain object. 13. The computer readable medium of claim 12 , wherein the interface is provided in a spreadsheet format.

4. The method of claim 1 , wherein the custom content resource is a resource uploaded to the search engine by the user.

4. The method of claim 1 , wherein the custom content resource is a resource uploaded to the search engine by the user. 6. The method of claim 4 , comprising receiving, from the user, a selection of the indication of relative importance as one of the user-specified ranking parameters for ranking custom content resources.

9. A system, comprising: a data processing apparatus; and a memory storage apparatus in data communication with the data processing apparatus and storing instructions executable by the data processing apparatus and that upon such execution causes the data processing apparatus to perform operations comprising: accessing a plurality of queries; for each query of the plurality of queries: determining a first number of occurrences of the query for which the query was received for unfiltered search operations, each unfiltered search operation being a search operation for which search results for resources including content of a first type can be returned in response to the query; determining a second number of occurrences of the query for which the query was received for filtered search operations, each filtered search operation being a search operation for which search results for resources including the content of the first type cannot be returned in response to the query; determining a total number of unfiltered search operations based on the first numbers of occurrences of the plurality of queries; determining a total number of filtered search operations based on the second numbers of occurrences of the plurality of queries; for each query of the plurality of queries: determining a first value based on a ratio of the first number of occurrences for of the query to the total number of unfiltered search operations; determining a second value based on a ratio of the second number of occurrences for of the query to the total number of filtered search operations; and determining a first content type value based on a ratio of the first value to the second value; for each query of the plurality of queries having a first content type value that meets a first threshold, classifying the query as a first content type seeking query, the classification being indicative of likely user interest in content of the first type; and for each query of the plurality of queries having a first content type value that does not meet the first threshold, classifying the query as a first content type independent query, the classification being indicative of unlikely user interest of content of the first type.

9. A system, comprising: a data processing apparatus; and a memory storage apparatus in data communication with the data processing apparatus and storing instructions executable by the data processing apparatus and that upon such execution causes the data processing apparatus to perform operations comprising: accessing a plurality of queries; for each query of the plurality of queries: determining a first number of occurrences of the query for which the query was received for unfiltered search operations, each unfiltered search operation being a search operation for which search results for resources including content of a first type can be returned in response to the query; determining a second number of occurrences of the query for which the query was received for filtered search operations, each filtered search operation being a search operation for which search results for resources including the content of the first type cannot be returned in response to the query; determining a total number of unfiltered search operations based on the first numbers of occurrences of the plurality of queries; determining a total number of filtered search operations based on the second numbers of occurrences of the plurality of queries; for each query of the plurality of queries: determining a first value based on a ratio of the first number of occurrences for of the query to the total number of unfiltered search operations; determining a second value based on a ratio of the second number of occurrences for of the query to the total number of filtered search operations; and determining a first content type value based on a ratio of the first value to the second value; for each query of the plurality of queries having a first content type value that meets a first threshold, classifying the query as a first content type seeking query, the classification being indicative of likely user interest in content of the first type; and for each query of the plurality of queries having a first content type value that does not meet the first threshold, classifying the query as a first content type independent query, the classification being indicative of unlikely user interest of content of the first type. 12. The system of claim 9 , wherein the instructions cause the data processing apparatus to perform operations comprising: for each query of the plurality of queries, determining a second content type value based on the first value and the second value; and for each query of the plurality of queries having a second content type value meeting a second threshold, classifying the query as a first content type independent query, the classification being indicative of unlikely user interest of content of the first type.

11. The system of claim 8 , wherein the processor is further configured to: retrieve metadata corresponding to the search domain; extract the plurality of entity names based on the retrieved metadata; determine, for each of the plurality of entity names, the entity type and the entity score associated with the entity name; and generate an entity table that includes, for each of the plurality of entity names, the entity name and the associated entity type and entity score.

11. The system of claim 8 , wherein the processor is further configured to: retrieve metadata corresponding to the search domain; extract the plurality of entity names based on the retrieved metadata; determine, for each of the plurality of entity names, the entity type and the entity score associated with the entity name; and generate an entity table that includes, for each of the plurality of entity names, the entity name and the associated entity type and entity score. 13. The system of claim 11 , wherein the processor is further configured to: determine the search domain from a plurality of search domains based on the received search query; and access the entity table from a plurality of entity tables based on the determined search domain.

15. A tangible, non-transitory, machine-readable medium storing instructions that when executed by one or more processors effectuate operations comprising: obtaining a multi-byte character set specifying a plurality of characters; receiving a knowledge factor credential encoded with a plurality of characters of the multi-byte character set, wherein the knowledge factor credential has a longer effective length than an apparent length, and wherein the knowledge factor credential has at least one character outside of a block of characters designated for a locale of the computing device, wherein receiving the knowledge factor credential comprises: retrieving from memory candidate characters based on a user previously designating the candidate characters; presenting a user interface by which the candidate characters are selectable, wherein presenting a user interface by which the candidate characters are selectable comprises interspersing the candidate characters among un-designated characters to obfuscate which characters were previously designated; receiving a user selection of at least one of the candidate characters; and providing the knowledge factor credential to authenticate a user.

15. A tangible, non-transitory, machine-readable medium storing instructions that when executed by one or more processors effectuate operations comprising: obtaining a multi-byte character set specifying a plurality of characters; receiving a knowledge factor credential encoded with a plurality of characters of the multi-byte character set, wherein the knowledge factor credential has a longer effective length than an apparent length, and wherein the knowledge factor credential has at least one character outside of a block of characters designated for a locale of the computing device, wherein receiving the knowledge factor credential comprises: retrieving from memory candidate characters based on a user previously designating the candidate characters; presenting a user interface by which the candidate characters are selectable, wherein presenting a user interface by which the candidate characters are selectable comprises interspersing the candidate characters among un-designated characters to obfuscate which characters were previously designated; receiving a user selection of at least one of the candidate characters; and providing the knowledge factor credential to authenticate a user. 20. The medium of claim 15 , wherein receiving the knowledge factor credential comprises: presenting a user interface by which a single composite character is composed by selecting a plurality of constituent characters; receiving user selections of the constituent characters; and combining the constituent characters into a single character with a plurality of code points, wherein the single character is at least one composite character of the knowledge factor credential.

1. A computer-implemented method for automatically preparing at least a portion of an electronic tax return, the method, comprising: a computer, by programmed instructions of a computerized tax return preparation application stored in a data store and executed by a processor of the computer, receiving data of an account of a computerized accounting application that is not utilized to prepare or file an electronic tax return, the account data comprising: an account name, and an account value associated with the account name and at least one transaction; the computer, by the computerized tax return preparation application, accessing a computer-generated spreadsheet comprising a plurality of rows including respective account name search terms and a plurality of columns including a first column having one or more search terms, a second column having one or more tax categories, and a third column having one or more references to a line of a tax form of the tax preparation application, and searching the computerized spreadsheet; the computer, by the computerized tax return preparation application, identifying a search term in the computerized spreadsheet matching the received account name; the computer, by the computerized tax return preparation application, determining a tax category corresponding to the received account name based at least in part upon the identified search term in the computerized spreadsheet; the computer, by the computerized tax return preparation application, automatically assigning a line of an electronic form of the electronic tax return to the account based at least in part upon the determined tax category, wherein the assigned line of the electronic form prepared by the tax return preparation application is to be populated with the account value; and the computer, by the computerized tax return preparation application, populating at least a portion of the electronic tax return by populating the assigned line of the electronic form with the account value.

1. A computer-implemented method for automatically preparing at least a portion of an electronic tax return, the method, comprising: a computer, by programmed instructions of a computerized tax return preparation application stored in a data store and executed by a processor of the computer, receiving data of an account of a computerized accounting application that is not utilized to prepare or file an electronic tax return, the account data comprising: an account name, and an account value associated with the account name and at least one transaction; the computer, by the computerized tax return preparation application, accessing a computer-generated spreadsheet comprising a plurality of rows including respective account name search terms and a plurality of columns including a first column having one or more search terms, a second column having one or more tax categories, and a third column having one or more references to a line of a tax form of the tax preparation application, and searching the computerized spreadsheet; the computer, by the computerized tax return preparation application, identifying a search term in the computerized spreadsheet matching the received account name; the computer, by the computerized tax return preparation application, determining a tax category corresponding to the received account name based at least in part upon the identified search term in the computerized spreadsheet; the computer, by the computerized tax return preparation application, automatically assigning a line of an electronic form of the electronic tax return to the account based at least in part upon the determined tax category, wherein the assigned line of the electronic form prepared by the tax return preparation application is to be populated with the account value; and the computer, by the computerized tax return preparation application, populating at least a portion of the electronic tax return by populating the assigned line of the electronic form with the account value. 9. The method of claim 1 , the account name received by the tax return preparation application describing a purchased item.

9. A non-transitory machine-readable storage medium storing carrying one or more sequences of instructions which, when executed by one or more processors, causes the one or more processors to perform steps comprising: segmenting a search query into one or more units; wherein each unit of the one or more units is an element of a query; for each of the one or more verticals, computing a coverage adjusted log likelihood for the search query; wherein, for each particular vertical of the one or more verticals, the coverage adjusted log likelihood for the particular vertical is a conditional probability of the query appearing in a log of queries previously submitted within the particular vertical given the one or more units; and assigning the search query to a subset of the one or more verticals based in part on the coverage adjusted log likelihood, wherein the step of assigning the search query to a subset of the one or more verticals further comprises the steps of: selecting a highest coverage adjusted log likelihood from coverage adjusted log likelihoods computed for the search query for each of the one or more verticals; computing a set of differences between the highest coverage adjusted log likelihood and each coverage adjusted log likelihood computed for the search query for each of the one or more verticals; and assigning the search query to a subset of the one or more verticals further based at least in part on the set of differences.

9. A non-transitory machine-readable storage medium storing carrying one or more sequences of instructions which, when executed by one or more processors, causes the one or more processors to perform steps comprising: segmenting a search query into one or more units; wherein each unit of the one or more units is an element of a query; for each of the one or more verticals, computing a coverage adjusted log likelihood for the search query; wherein, for each particular vertical of the one or more verticals, the coverage adjusted log likelihood for the particular vertical is a conditional probability of the query appearing in a log of queries previously submitted within the particular vertical given the one or more units; and assigning the search query to a subset of the one or more verticals based in part on the coverage adjusted log likelihood, wherein the step of assigning the search query to a subset of the one or more verticals further comprises the steps of: selecting a highest coverage adjusted log likelihood from coverage adjusted log likelihoods computed for the search query for each of the one or more verticals; computing a set of differences between the highest coverage adjusted log likelihood and each coverage adjusted log likelihood computed for the search query for each of the one or more verticals; and assigning the search query to a subset of the one or more verticals further based at least in part on the set of differences. 10. The non-transitory machine-readable storage medium of claim 9 , wherein the step of segmenting the search query into units comprises segmenting the search query based on a main search index UNITS dictionary.

9. A method for making an intelligent decision, the method comprising: defining semantic standards of a plurality of classifiers of a multi-dimensional classifier according to an application domain and recording descriptions of rules in a domain ontology knowledge library for deriving decisions that correspond to the semantic standards of the multi-dimensional classifier; collecting training texts according to the semantic standards, and training the multi-dimensional classifier; classifying a text to be analyzed by using multiple standards, and outputting attributes of the text and confidence rate of each attribute; forming a question for intelligent decision based on attributes of the text and the confidence rate of each attribute; and inquiring of the domain ontology knowledge library based on the question by an inference machine to obtain an answer for intelligent decision and providing the answer to a user.

9. A method for making an intelligent decision, the method comprising: defining semantic standards of a plurality of classifiers of a multi-dimensional classifier according to an application domain and recording descriptions of rules in a domain ontology knowledge library for deriving decisions that correspond to the semantic standards of the multi-dimensional classifier; collecting training texts according to the semantic standards, and training the multi-dimensional classifier; classifying a text to be analyzed by using multiple standards, and outputting attributes of the text and confidence rate of each attribute; forming a question for intelligent decision based on attributes of the text and the confidence rate of each attribute; and inquiring of the domain ontology knowledge library based on the question by an inference machine to obtain an answer for intelligent decision and providing the answer to a user. 13. The method of claim 9 , wherein the confidence rate comprises a probability value between 0 and 1.

32. The method of claim 27 further comprising mapping the plurality of inter-related data sources into a common ontology model using semantic mappings, and wherein generating the query comprises formulating the query in terms of nomenclature of the common ontology model.

32. The method of claim 27 further comprising mapping the plurality of inter-related data sources into a common ontology model using semantic mappings, and wherein generating the query comprises formulating the query in terms of nomenclature of the common ontology model. 38. The method of claim 32 further comprising looking up a meaning of a data construct within the plurality of inter-related data sources, wherein the meaning is relative to the common ontology model.

2. A method for creating a semantic object to represent a target referent of an object type, the semantic object being stored on a computer readable medium, the method, comprising, creating the semantic object of a semantic object type to represent the target referent of the object type, the semantic object having multiple meta-tags that are each associable with metadata; wherein, the semantic object of the semantic object type is suitable to represent the object type of the target referent; associating a meta-tag of the multiple meta-tags with the metadata; wherein the meta-tag or the metadata is definable using an ontology; and extracting a portion of the content from the target referent for inclusion in the semantic object; subsequently determining that the target referent has been revised, updating metadata associated with one or more meta-taps of the multiple meta-taps of the semantic object based on the revision; wherein the extraction is part of a data mining performed on selected resources including the ontology or the Internet. sharing, with another user, the semantic object having included therein the portion of the content extracted from the target referent.

2. A method for creating a semantic object to represent a target referent of an object type, the semantic object being stored on a computer readable medium, the method, comprising, creating the semantic object of a semantic object type to represent the target referent of the object type, the semantic object having multiple meta-tags that are each associable with metadata; wherein, the semantic object of the semantic object type is suitable to represent the object type of the target referent; associating a meta-tag of the multiple meta-tags with the metadata; wherein the meta-tag or the metadata is definable using an ontology; and extracting a portion of the content from the target referent for inclusion in the semantic object; subsequently determining that the target referent has been revised, updating metadata associated with one or more meta-taps of the multiple meta-taps of the semantic object based on the revision; wherein the extraction is part of a data mining performed on selected resources including the ontology or the Internet. sharing, with another user, the semantic object having included therein the portion of the content extracted from the target referent. 7. The method of claim 2 , wherein, the semantic object or the metadata is encrypted or digitally signed.

10. The method for selectively evolving phishing detection rules of claim 1 , wherein determining a categorization from the plurality of categories of the intercepted data further comprises determining a second categorization from the plurality of categories of the content of the intercepted data.

10. The method for selectively evolving phishing detection rules of claim 1 , wherein determining a categorization from the plurality of categories of the intercepted data further comprises determining a second categorization from the plurality of categories of the content of the intercepted data. 11. The method for selectively evolving phishing detection rules of claim 10 , wherein determining at least one categorization-specific phishing detection criterion of the intercepted data further comprises determining a second phishing detection criterion specific to the second categorization.

13. The system of claim 11 , further comprising a tree generation module that generates a tree representing the first Boolean statement, the tree including internal nodes representing the plurality of logic operators and leaf nodes representing the plurality of expressions, and wherein the traverse module comprises a tree traverse module that traverses the tree starting at a leaf node representing the determined measure expression.

13. The system of claim 11 , further comprising a tree generation module that generates a tree representing the first Boolean statement, the tree including internal nodes representing the plurality of logic operators and leaf nodes representing the plurality of expressions, and wherein the traverse module comprises a tree traverse module that traverses the tree starting at a leaf node representing the determined measure expression. 14. The system of claim 13 , wherein the tree traverse module repeatedly, until a root node is reached: (i) moves up a level the tree to determine a parent node; (ii) determines whether the parent node is an AND operator; (iii) if the parent node is an AND operator, identifies each child expression of the parent node as an expression in the plurality of expressions that will be ANDed with results of the determined measure expression.

9. The method of claim 8 , further comprising: separating the inputted keywords into meaningful words; and performing the syntax analysis on the meaningful keywords, wherein the detecting the intention is performed by using the syntax analysis on the meaningful keywords.

9. The method of claim 8 , further comprising: separating the inputted keywords into meaningful words; and performing the syntax analysis on the meaningful keywords, wherein the detecting the intention is performed by using the syntax analysis on the meaningful keywords. 10. The method of claim 9 , wherein the performing the syntax analysis comprises: outputting a syntax expression obtained by analyzing whether the separated keywords have any grammar relationship and semantic relations within a sentence as the result of the syntax analysis.

14. A computer system executing instructions in a computer program, the computer program instructions comprising program code for performing the operations of: receiving, by a processor, a set of documents for each of a plurality of authors, each document having a semantic footprint; receiving, by the processor, user usage data for each of the documents; assigning, by the processor, a rating to each of the documents using the respective semantic footprint and user usage data for each document; determining, by the processor, when one of the plurality of authors has a plurality of highly rated documents, an intersecting semantic footprint of the plurality of highly rated documents to establish that the one of the plurality of authors is an authoritative author of a subject, determining which documents are highly rated documents based upon the usage data associated with each of the plurality of documents . . . determining, by the processor, that the semantic footprint of the query intersects with the intersecting semantic footprint of the plurality of highly rated documents; determining an extent of the intersection between the semantic footprint of the query and the intersecting semantic footprint associated with the author based upon a ratio of a union of the semantic footprint of the query and the intersecting semantic footprint associated with the author; and providing, by the processor, the user with contact information for the authoritative author based on a determination that the semantic footprint of the query intersects with the semantic footprint of the plurality of highly rated documents, wherein each semantic footprint is a multi-dimensional coordinate based on one or more keywords, entities and annotations, and wherein the intersecting semantic footprint is determined based upon a volume of overlapping areas of the respective multi-dimensional coordinates.

14. A computer system executing instructions in a computer program, the computer program instructions comprising program code for performing the operations of: receiving, by a processor, a set of documents for each of a plurality of authors, each document having a semantic footprint; receiving, by the processor, user usage data for each of the documents; assigning, by the processor, a rating to each of the documents using the respective semantic footprint and user usage data for each document; determining, by the processor, when one of the plurality of authors has a plurality of highly rated documents, an intersecting semantic footprint of the plurality of highly rated documents to establish that the one of the plurality of authors is an authoritative author of a subject, determining which documents are highly rated documents based upon the usage data associated with each of the plurality of documents . . . determining, by the processor, that the semantic footprint of the query intersects with the intersecting semantic footprint of the plurality of highly rated documents; determining an extent of the intersection between the semantic footprint of the query and the intersecting semantic footprint associated with the author based upon a ratio of a union of the semantic footprint of the query and the intersecting semantic footprint associated with the author; and providing, by the processor, the user with contact information for the authoritative author based on a determination that the semantic footprint of the query intersects with the semantic footprint of the plurality of highly rated documents, wherein each semantic footprint is a multi-dimensional coordinate based on one or more keywords, entities and annotations, and wherein the intersecting semantic footprint is determined based upon a volume of overlapping areas of the respective multi-dimensional coordinates. 15. The computer system of claim 14 , wherein the query is an active query and the computer program instructions further comprise program code for performing the operations of: analyzing, by the processor, the active query for its semantic footprint in real time; and refreshing, by the processor, the name of the authoritative author in real time as the user is entering the active query.

17. A computer program product comprising computer-readable program code to be executed by one or more processors when retrieved from a non-transitory computer-readable medium, the program code including instructions to: determine whether an input field on a user input form is an alphanumeric character input field or a binary checkbox to define an input field type; determine whether the input field is filled with exclusively numeric, alphabetic, or binary symbol data based on historical data to define a preferred datatype associated with the input field, the historical data comprising past user input to the user input form; determine whether the input field is virtually always filled in by a user based on the historical data to define a relative importance of the input field; determine a size of the input field based on an average number of characters of the input field as dictated by a historic average size from the historical data to define a preferred input field size; modify, adaptively, the size of the input field as displayed on a web page based on the preferred input field size; modify, adaptively, a location of the input field on the user input form based on the relative importance of the input field; and constrain a datatype of the input field based on the preferred datatype.

17. A computer program product comprising computer-readable program code to be executed by one or more processors when retrieved from a non-transitory computer-readable medium, the program code including instructions to: determine whether an input field on a user input form is an alphanumeric character input field or a binary checkbox to define an input field type; determine whether the input field is filled with exclusively numeric, alphabetic, or binary symbol data based on historical data to define a preferred datatype associated with the input field, the historical data comprising past user input to the user input form; determine whether the input field is virtually always filled in by a user based on the historical data to define a relative importance of the input field; determine a size of the input field based on an average number of characters of the input field as dictated by a historic average size from the historical data to define a preferred input field size; modify, adaptively, the size of the input field as displayed on a web page based on the preferred input field size; modify, adaptively, a location of the input field on the user input form based on the relative importance of the input field; and constrain a datatype of the input field based on the preferred datatype. 18. The apparatus of claim 17 , wherein the instructions, when executed further cause the one or more processors to create an adaptively modified form for display to a present user based on the adaptively modified size of the input field, the adaptively modified location of the input field, and the constrained datatype of the input field.

15. A computer-readable storage medium which stores a set of instructions which when executed performs a method for managing data across a semantic data view and a presentation data view, the method executed by the set of instructions comprising: maintaining a semantic model corresponding to the semantic data view, the semantic model having at least one node; maintaining a presentation model corresponding to the presentation data view, the presentation model corresponding to a graphical representation of the semantic model, the presentation model including at least two shapes corresponding to the at least one node, the presentation model configured to select the at least two shapes when the at least one node is selected in the semantic data view; operating on the semantic model and the presentation model according to a received command, wherein operating on the semantic model and the presentation model comprises performing operations on both the presentation data view and the semantic data view in response to the received command being directed to one of the presentation data view and the semantic data view, wherein performing operation on both the presentation data view and the semantic data view comprises: displaying an unfocused representation of the at least one node of the semantic data view in response to the received command comprising a selection of at least one of the at least two shapes in the presentation data view, and selecting text corresponding to the at least one node of the plurality of nodes in the semantic data view in response to the received command comprising a command to switch focus to the semantic data view from the presentation data view, wherein the text corresponding to the at least one node of the plurality of nodes in the semantic data view is associated with the selected at least one shape of the plurality of shapes in the presentation data view; and displaying an insertion point at a default node of the semantic data view in response to a transition shape being selected in the presentation data view, wherein the transition shape does not correspond to the at least one node in the semantic data view.

15. A computer-readable storage medium which stores a set of instructions which when executed performs a method for managing data across a semantic data view and a presentation data view, the method executed by the set of instructions comprising: maintaining a semantic model corresponding to the semantic data view, the semantic model having at least one node; maintaining a presentation model corresponding to the presentation data view, the presentation model corresponding to a graphical representation of the semantic model, the presentation model including at least two shapes corresponding to the at least one node, the presentation model configured to select the at least two shapes when the at least one node is selected in the semantic data view; operating on the semantic model and the presentation model according to a received command, wherein operating on the semantic model and the presentation model comprises performing operations on both the presentation data view and the semantic data view in response to the received command being directed to one of the presentation data view and the semantic data view, wherein performing operation on both the presentation data view and the semantic data view comprises: displaying an unfocused representation of the at least one node of the semantic data view in response to the received command comprising a selection of at least one of the at least two shapes in the presentation data view, and selecting text corresponding to the at least one node of the plurality of nodes in the semantic data view in response to the received command comprising a command to switch focus to the semantic data view from the presentation data view, wherein the text corresponding to the at least one node of the plurality of nodes in the semantic data view is associated with the selected at least one shape of the plurality of shapes in the presentation data view; and displaying an insertion point at a default node of the semantic data view in response to a transition shape being selected in the presentation data view, wherein the transition shape does not correspond to the at least one node in the semantic data view. 16. The computer-readable storage medium of claim 15 , further comprising updating the semantic model in the semantic data view and the presentation model in the presentation data view in response to operating on the semantic model and the presentation model according to the received command.

1. A method for enabling global grammars for a particular multimodal application, the method implemented on a multimodal device supporting at least a voice mode of user interaction with the multimodal application, the method comprising: loading a multimodal web page; determining whether the loaded multimodal web page is one of a plurality of multimodal web pages of the particular multimodal application; and managing enabling of one or more global grammars based at least in part on the determination of whether the loaded multimodal web page is one of the plurality of multimodal web pages of the particular multimodal application.

1. A method for enabling global grammars for a particular multimodal application, the method implemented on a multimodal device supporting at least a voice mode of user interaction with the multimodal application, the method comprising: loading a multimodal web page; determining whether the loaded multimodal web page is one of a plurality of multimodal web pages of the particular multimodal application; and managing enabling of one or more global grammars based at least in part on the determination of whether the loaded multimodal web page is one of the plurality of multimodal web pages of the particular multimodal application. 2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the managing comprises: if it is determined that the loaded multimodal web page is one of the plurality of multimodal web pages of the particular multimodal application, loading at least one global grammar in the loaded multimodal web page.

1. A computer-implemented method comprising: receiving from a client machine an image query for a desired product that is listed for sale; computing a first digest of the image query; determining, based on the first digest, textual information that describes the desired product; using the determined textual information as a search parameter, performing a first database textual similarity search of second digests of products listed for sale, the second digests being computed before receipt of the query from the client machine, and comprising both image features and textual information of the products, to find first images of products that satisfy the search parameter; providing to the client machine a plurality of the first images of products that result from the first textual similarity search, and at least one first selectable icon that, when selected, causes a request to find more images of products similar to at least one of the plurality of first images of products; responsive to selection of one of the at least one first selectable icon, and using textual information related to the at least one of the plurality of first images of products, performing a second textual similarity search of the second digests for second images of products similar to the at least one of the plurality of first images of products; and providing to the client machine a plurality of the second images of products that result from the second database textual similarity search.

1. A computer-implemented method comprising: receiving from a client machine an image query for a desired product that is listed for sale; computing a first digest of the image query; determining, based on the first digest, textual information that describes the desired product; using the determined textual information as a search parameter, performing a first database textual similarity search of second digests of products listed for sale, the second digests being computed before receipt of the query from the client machine, and comprising both image features and textual information of the products, to find first images of products that satisfy the search parameter; providing to the client machine a plurality of the first images of products that result from the first textual similarity search, and at least one first selectable icon that, when selected, causes a request to find more images of products similar to at least one of the plurality of first images of products; responsive to selection of one of the at least one first selectable icon, and using textual information related to the at least one of the plurality of first images of products, performing a second textual similarity search of the second digests for second images of products similar to the at least one of the plurality of first images of products; and providing to the client machine a plurality of the second images of products that result from the second database textual similarity search. 3. The method of claim 1 wherein the determined textual information is one of textual information specified by a seller of the product or textual information generated by an ecommerce system.

8. The method of claim 7 , wherein: the modifying the displaying of the three-dimensional model in the display window results in the second spatial location of the annotation indicator being outside the second set of view area limitations; and the annotation indicator is displayed on a periphery of the display window.

8. The method of claim 7 , wherein: the modifying the displaying of the three-dimensional model in the display window results in the second spatial location of the annotation indicator being outside the second set of view area limitations; and the annotation indicator is displayed on a periphery of the display window. 10. The method of claim 8 , wherein the annotation indicator includes a direction pointer corresponding to a bearing to the second spatial location on the second display view.

19. A database system including: a massively parallel processing system including: one or more nodes; a plurality of CPUs, each of the one or more nodes providing access to one or more CPUs; a plurality of data storage facilities each of the one or more CPUs providing access to one or more data storage facilities; a computer program for execution on the massively parallel processing system for processing a database query, the query including an expression, the computer program including executable instructions that cause one or more of the CPUs to: perform expression optimization on the expression; perform further query optimization to produce a result; save the result in a memory; where the expression optimization is performed before the further query optimization; and where the expression includes a sub-expression (“SE”), and where expression optimization includes: representing the query as a tree structure; representing the expression in the tree structure as a parent node having a first child node and a second child node; where the first child node represents the sub-expression; where the second child node represents the portion of the expression that is not the sub-expression; and where the parent node represents an operation between the first child node and the second child node; determining that the second child node represents the constant 0 and that the parent node represents an arithmetic operation selected from the group consisting of addition and subtraction; and in response, removing the parent node and its children from the tree structure and inserting the first child node in its place.

19. A database system including: a massively parallel processing system including: one or more nodes; a plurality of CPUs, each of the one or more nodes providing access to one or more CPUs; a plurality of data storage facilities each of the one or more CPUs providing access to one or more data storage facilities; a computer program for execution on the massively parallel processing system for processing a database query, the query including an expression, the computer program including executable instructions that cause one or more of the CPUs to: perform expression optimization on the expression; perform further query optimization to produce a result; save the result in a memory; where the expression optimization is performed before the further query optimization; and where the expression includes a sub-expression (“SE”), and where expression optimization includes: representing the query as a tree structure; representing the expression in the tree structure as a parent node having a first child node and a second child node; where the first child node represents the sub-expression; where the second child node represents the portion of the expression that is not the sub-expression; and where the parent node represents an operation between the first child node and the second child node; determining that the second child node represents the constant 0 and that the parent node represents an arithmetic operation selected from the group consisting of addition and subtraction; and in response, removing the parent node and its children from the tree structure and inserting the first child node in its place. 23. The database system of claim 19 , where further query optimization includes: determining a transitive closure of the database query.

1. A method comprising, by a computing device: receiving, from a client system of a first user, a structured query comprising references to one or more selected objects accessible by the computing device; generating one or more search results corresponding to the structured query, wherein each search result corresponds to a particular object accessible by the computing device; determining one or more search intents based at least on whether one or more of the selected objects referenced in the structured query match objects corresponding to a search intent indexed in a pattern-detection model; and scoring the search results based on one or more of the search intents.

1. A method comprising, by a computing device: receiving, from a client system of a first user, a structured query comprising references to one or more selected objects accessible by the computing device; generating one or more search results corresponding to the structured query, wherein each search result corresponds to a particular object accessible by the computing device; determining one or more search intents based at least on whether one or more of the selected objects referenced in the structured query match objects corresponding to a search intent indexed in a pattern-detection model; and scoring the search results based on one or more of the search intents. 17. The method of claim 1 , further comprising: identifying one or more advertisements to display to the user based on one or more of the search intents; and sending, to the client system, the one or more advertisements for display to the first user.

5. The method of claim 4 , wherein the community behavior tracked by the network-based transaction system includes navigation between entities, and wherein calculating the edge strengths includes determining an amount of navigation between entities.

5. The method of claim 4 , wherein the community behavior tracked by the network-based transaction system includes navigation between entities, and wherein calculating the edge strengths includes determining an amount of navigation between entities. 6. The method of claim 5 , wherein determining the amount of navigation between entities can include determining user session boundaries for determining related navigation history.

17. A system comprising: a processor; a memory coupled to the processor to store information related to keywords; and a keyword selection module, operably coupled with the processor and the memory, operable to normalize a plurality of keywords received from a source, the source being from the group: a search query and a product listing, filter the normalized plurality of keywords against one or more keyword filtration lists, produce site-specific variants of the filtered plurality of keywords, associate a plurality of levels of dimension data with each of the plurality of keywords, the plurality of levels of dimension data including information indicative of a probability that a keyword of the plurality of keywords belongs to a particular product category in a product category hierarchy, the plurality of levels of dimension data including keyword clustering dimension data, the keyword clustering dimension data including information indicative of a probability that a keyword of the plurality of keywords belongs to a particular keyword cluster of a plurality of pre-defined keyword clusters, the plurality of levels of dimension data including keyword traffic dimension data, the keyword traffic dimension data including information indicative of a probability that a keyword of the plurality of keywords was trafficked by a particular search engine, wherein the probability that a keyword of the plurality of keywords was trafficked by a particular search engine is maintained for each of a plurality of search engines, the keyword traffic dimension data including information indicative of a probability that a keyword of the plurality of keywords will achieve a predicted revenue per click level, the keyword traffic dimension data including information indicative of a value related to confirmed registered users, the keyword traffic dimension data including information indicative of a landing page related to a particular cluster of keywords, define a time period of measurement for a metric corresponding to the plurality of levels of dimension data, and store the processed plurality of keywords and dimension data in a keyword database, and select at least one keyword from the stored processed plurality of keywords according to the dimension data in the keyword database.

17. A system comprising: a processor; a memory coupled to the processor to store information related to keywords; and a keyword selection module, operably coupled with the processor and the memory, operable to normalize a plurality of keywords received from a source, the source being from the group: a search query and a product listing, filter the normalized plurality of keywords against one or more keyword filtration lists, produce site-specific variants of the filtered plurality of keywords, associate a plurality of levels of dimension data with each of the plurality of keywords, the plurality of levels of dimension data including information indicative of a probability that a keyword of the plurality of keywords belongs to a particular product category in a product category hierarchy, the plurality of levels of dimension data including keyword clustering dimension data, the keyword clustering dimension data including information indicative of a probability that a keyword of the plurality of keywords belongs to a particular keyword cluster of a plurality of pre-defined keyword clusters, the plurality of levels of dimension data including keyword traffic dimension data, the keyword traffic dimension data including information indicative of a probability that a keyword of the plurality of keywords was trafficked by a particular search engine, wherein the probability that a keyword of the plurality of keywords was trafficked by a particular search engine is maintained for each of a plurality of search engines, the keyword traffic dimension data including information indicative of a probability that a keyword of the plurality of keywords will achieve a predicted revenue per click level, the keyword traffic dimension data including information indicative of a value related to confirmed registered users, the keyword traffic dimension data including information indicative of a landing page related to a particular cluster of keywords, define a time period of measurement for a metric corresponding to the plurality of levels of dimension data, and store the processed plurality of keywords and dimension data in a keyword database, and select at least one keyword from the stored processed plurality of keywords according to the dimension data in the keyword database. 19. The system as claimed in claim 17 wherein the one or more keyword filtration lists includes a whitelist.

13. A non-transitory computer program product having instructions encoded thereon that when executed by one or more processors cause a process to be carried out, the process comprising: receiving, by the one or more processors, input data representing a fixed layout digital publication in a first page layout format, the fixed layout digital publication including a plurality of words, each word being formed by a series of glyphs, each glyph having an effective width associated with the first page layout format and a default width associated with a second page layout format that is different than the first page layout format; computing, by the one or more processors, a letter spacing adjustment value for each word individually based on the number of glyphs in the respective word, the effective width of each glyph in the respective word in the first page layout format, and the default width of each glyph in the second page layout format; and generating, by the one or more processors, output data representing the fixed layout digital publication in the second page layout format by assigning the letter spacing adjustment value to a Cascading Style Sheet (CSS) ‘letter-spacing’ property associated with all of the glyphs in each respective word, such that the spacing between each glyph is the default width associated with the second page layout format adjusted by the letter spacing adjustment value on a word-by-word basis.

13. A non-transitory computer program product having instructions encoded thereon that when executed by one or more processors cause a process to be carried out, the process comprising: receiving, by the one or more processors, input data representing a fixed layout digital publication in a first page layout format, the fixed layout digital publication including a plurality of words, each word being formed by a series of glyphs, each glyph having an effective width associated with the first page layout format and a default width associated with a second page layout format that is different than the first page layout format; computing, by the one or more processors, a letter spacing adjustment value for each word individually based on the number of glyphs in the respective word, the effective width of each glyph in the respective word in the first page layout format, and the default width of each glyph in the second page layout format; and generating, by the one or more processors, output data representing the fixed layout digital publication in the second page layout format by assigning the letter spacing adjustment value to a Cascading Style Sheet (CSS) ‘letter-spacing’ property associated with all of the glyphs in each respective word, such that the spacing between each glyph is the default width associated with the second page layout format adjusted by the letter spacing adjustment value on a word-by-word basis. 17. The non-transitory computer program product of claim 13 , wherein the process includes generating raster data representing a raster of a text frame of the fixed layout digital publication, the raster excluding the plurality of words, wherein the output data includes the raster data.

21. A system for aggregating person-centric information for displaying in a user interface, comprising: a processor; and a memory having computer executable instructions stored thereon, the computer executable instructions being configured for: accessing a client-side application of the client device to obtain a client manipulative electronic document on the client side application; parsing the text of the electronic document, by a persona menu application, for a person name, wherein the persona menu application is separate from the client-side application and is configured as a dynamically linked library for accessing a plurality of different data sources related to a suite of applications; querying, by the persona menu application, at least one user contact data source of the plurality of different data sources containing person-centric data to identify person-centric data associated with the person name; obtaining, at the persona menu application, person-centric data associated with the person name from the at least one user contact data source; querying, by the persona menu application, at least one subsequent data source of the plurality of different data sources containing person-centric data to identify additional person-centric data based on the person name and the person-centric data obtained from the query of the at least one user contact data source; obtaining, at the persona menu application, the additional person-centric data from the at least one subsequent data source, wherein a communication application for communicating with a user identified by the person name is associated with at least one member of a group comprising: the at least one user contact data source and the at least one subsequent data source; populating, in the client-side application of the client, a data structure for the person name with the person-centric data obtained from the at least one user contact data source and the at least one subsequent data source; and providing a graphical user interface, of the separate persona menu application, in the client-side application of the client device, wherein the graphical user interface displays the person-centric data and the additional person-centric data adjacent to the person name in the electronic document of the client-side application, wherein the graphical user interface of the separate persona menu application includes action items for facilitating communication with the user identified by the person name according to the communication application associated with the at least one member of a group comprising: the at least one user contact data source and the at least one subsequent data source.

21. A system for aggregating person-centric information for displaying in a user interface, comprising: a processor; and a memory having computer executable instructions stored thereon, the computer executable instructions being configured for: accessing a client-side application of the client device to obtain a client manipulative electronic document on the client side application; parsing the text of the electronic document, by a persona menu application, for a person name, wherein the persona menu application is separate from the client-side application and is configured as a dynamically linked library for accessing a plurality of different data sources related to a suite of applications; querying, by the persona menu application, at least one user contact data source of the plurality of different data sources containing person-centric data to identify person-centric data associated with the person name; obtaining, at the persona menu application, person-centric data associated with the person name from the at least one user contact data source; querying, by the persona menu application, at least one subsequent data source of the plurality of different data sources containing person-centric data to identify additional person-centric data based on the person name and the person-centric data obtained from the query of the at least one user contact data source; obtaining, at the persona menu application, the additional person-centric data from the at least one subsequent data source, wherein a communication application for communicating with a user identified by the person name is associated with at least one member of a group comprising: the at least one user contact data source and the at least one subsequent data source; populating, in the client-side application of the client, a data structure for the person name with the person-centric data obtained from the at least one user contact data source and the at least one subsequent data source; and providing a graphical user interface, of the separate persona menu application, in the client-side application of the client device, wherein the graphical user interface displays the person-centric data and the additional person-centric data adjacent to the person name in the electronic document of the client-side application, wherein the graphical user interface of the separate persona menu application includes action items for facilitating communication with the user identified by the person name according to the communication application associated with the at least one member of a group comprising: the at least one user contact data source and the at least one subsequent data source. 28. The system of claim 21 , whereby the at least one subsequent data source includes a contacts database.

8. A system, comprising: one or more processing devices to: receive history data for a document, the history data comprising an appearance date for each of a plurality of links to the document; determine, from the history data, that there has been a decrease in a rate or quantity of appearances of new links that point to the document over time, and then classify the document as stale, the one or more processing devices, when determining that there has been a decrease in the rate or quantity of appearances of new links that point to the document over time, further being to: compare an oldest appearance date, of the appearance dates of the links to the document, to an oldest appearance date of the appearance dates of a group of newest links to the document, each link in the group of newest links to the document having an appearance date that is within a percentage of most recent appearance dates of the links to the document; decrease, based on classifying the document as stale, an initial score for the document, resulting in an altered score; and rank the document with regard to at least one other document based on the altered score.

8. A system, comprising: one or more processing devices to: receive history data for a document, the history data comprising an appearance date for each of a plurality of links to the document; determine, from the history data, that there has been a decrease in a rate or quantity of appearances of new links that point to the document over time, and then classify the document as stale, the one or more processing devices, when determining that there has been a decrease in the rate or quantity of appearances of new links that point to the document over time, further being to: compare an oldest appearance date, of the appearance dates of the links to the document, to an oldest appearance date of the appearance dates of a group of newest links to the document, each link in the group of newest links to the document having an appearance date that is within a percentage of most recent appearance dates of the links to the document; decrease, based on classifying the document as stale, an initial score for the document, resulting in an altered score; and rank the document with regard to at least one other document based on the altered score. 10. The system of claim 8 , where the appearance date for a particular link, of the plurality of links, is a date that a search engine web crawler first crawls a document that includes the particular link.

4. The method of claim 3 , further comprising: (E) at the client, transmitting a speech recognition result request to the speech recognition server; and (F) at the speech recognition server: (F)(1) determining whether any speech recognition results are available; (F)(2) if no speech recognition results are available, returning to (F)(1); (F)(3) otherwise, transmitting at least one of the first and second speech recognition results to the client.

4. The method of claim 3 , further comprising: (E) at the client, transmitting a speech recognition result request to the speech recognition server; and (F) at the speech recognition server: (F)(1) determining whether any speech recognition results are available; (F)(2) if no speech recognition results are available, returning to (F)(1); (F)(3) otherwise, transmitting at least one of the first and second speech recognition results to the client. 7. The method of claim 4 , wherein (D) comprises transmitting the speech stream and the control stream using a Hypertext Transfer Protocol over Secure Sockets Layer (HTTPS), and wherein (E) comprises transmitting the speech recognition result request using HTTPS.

1. A processor-implemented method for increasing the reliability of a circuit design by managing safe operating area assertion violations, the method comprising: using a processor that reads and executes instructions from a non-transitory storage medium for: transforming simulator output into descriptive data, regarding safe operating area assertion violations, wherein the descriptive data is compatible with a database; executing queries with the database on the descriptive data regarding the safe operating area assertion violations according to user input; and generating tangible query results regarding the safe operating area assertion violations for the circuit design to work for its intended purpose.

1. A processor-implemented method for increasing the reliability of a circuit design by managing safe operating area assertion violations, the method comprising: using a processor that reads and executes instructions from a non-transitory storage medium for: transforming simulator output into descriptive data, regarding safe operating area assertion violations, wherein the descriptive data is compatible with a database; executing queries with the database on the descriptive data regarding the safe operating area assertion violations according to user input; and generating tangible query results regarding the safe operating area assertion violations for the circuit design to work for its intended purpose. 6. The method of claim 1 wherein the user input comprises at least one of choosing and defining at least one filter that specifies rules for selecting particular safe operating area assertion violations.

20. An electronic device for providing an audio menu to a user, comprising: a single sensing element for detecting user inputs; an audio output; and a processor operative to: direct the audio output to play back a first audio clip in a first manner; during the playback of the first audio clip in the first manner, receive from the single sensing element a first user input that is detected by the single sensing element; in response to the receiving the first user input, direct the audio output to alter the playback from the first manner to a second manner; during the playback of the first audio clip in the second manner, direct the audio output to play back a second audio clip to announce the first audio clip; and after the playback of the second audio clip, direct the audio output to play back a first menu audio clip that is associated with the audio menu.

20. An electronic device for providing an audio menu to a user, comprising: a single sensing element for detecting user inputs; an audio output; and a processor operative to: direct the audio output to play back a first audio clip in a first manner; during the playback of the first audio clip in the first manner, receive from the single sensing element a first user input that is detected by the single sensing element; in response to the receiving the first user input, direct the audio output to alter the playback from the first manner to a second manner; during the playback of the first audio clip in the second manner, direct the audio output to play back a second audio clip to announce the first audio clip; and after the playback of the second audio clip, direct the audio output to play back a first menu audio clip that is associated with the audio menu. 26. The electronic device of claim 20 , wherein: the single sensing element comprises a mechanical sensor; the detected first user input comprises a press and hold of the mechanical sensor; and the detected second user input comprises a release of the mechanical sensor.

1. A method of managing forums, the method comprising: receiving a search string for searching an electronic catalog of items, the search string including a plurality of search terms; and generating a forum based on at least one search term included in the search string received for searching the electronic catalog of items, the generating to include: creating a plurality of variations of the search string, each of the plurality of variations including at least one search term and a weight; aggregating the weights for each variation to create a variation aggregate score; and creating the forum for variations when the associated variation aggregate score reaches a threshold value.

1. A method of managing forums, the method comprising: receiving a search string for searching an electronic catalog of items, the search string including a plurality of search terms; and generating a forum based on at least one search term included in the search string received for searching the electronic catalog of items, the generating to include: creating a plurality of variations of the search string, each of the plurality of variations including at least one search term and a weight; aggregating the weights for each variation to create a variation aggregate score; and creating the forum for variations when the associated variation aggregate score reaches a threshold value. 4. The method as recited in claim 1 , further comprising causing a display of the forum as a part of a search result.

7. A method of rendering an email message as speech, wherein the email message comprises email body content and a confidentiality notice, the method comprising: a voice command platform processing the email message to identify the confidentiality notice in the email message; and the voice command platform rendering the email body content as speech but avoiding rendering the identified confidentiality notice as speech.

7. A method of rendering an email message as speech, wherein the email message comprises email body content and a confidentiality notice, the method comprising: a voice command platform processing the email message to identify the confidentiality notice in the email message; and the voice command platform rendering the email body content as speech but avoiding rendering the identified confidentiality notice as speech. 8. The method of claim 7 , wherein processing the email message to identify the confidentiality notice comprises detecting a tag indicating a start of the confidentiality notice and detecting a tag indicating a stop of the confidentiality notice.

24. A method for application-layer monitoring of communication between one or more database clients and one or more database servers, the method comprising: at a decoding layer above a network layer on a database device at a first network location between one or more database clients residing at one or more second network locations distinct from the first network location and one or more database servers residing at one or more third network locations distinct from both the first network location and the one or more second network locations: using one or more decoders on the database device for receiving database messages communicated over the network from any of the database clients residing at the one or more second network locations and intended for the database servers at the one or more third network locations and database messages communicated from the database servers and intended for the database clients; decoding the database messages, wherein decoding the database messages comprises decoding a protocol generated as an output of a database connectivity driver in response to an input by a database application residing at an application layer, wherein decoding the database messages comprises decoding database messages of database implementations different from each other and, wherein the database connectivity driver is utilized by the one or more database clients to communicate with the database serve; and extracting query-language statements from the database messages, wherein the query-language statements are created by the database application at one or more of the database clients and provided as input to the database connectivity driver and the database connectivity driver generate the database message as an output based on the query-language statement; and at an application layer above the decoding layer at the first network location, using a monitoring application on the database device for receiving query-language statements extracted at the decoders and recording observations on the database messages based at least in part on the query-language statements extracted at the decoding layer.

24. A method for application-layer monitoring of communication between one or more database clients and one or more database servers, the method comprising: at a decoding layer above a network layer on a database device at a first network location between one or more database clients residing at one or more second network locations distinct from the first network location and one or more database servers residing at one or more third network locations distinct from both the first network location and the one or more second network locations: using one or more decoders on the database device for receiving database messages communicated over the network from any of the database clients residing at the one or more second network locations and intended for the database servers at the one or more third network locations and database messages communicated from the database servers and intended for the database clients; decoding the database messages, wherein decoding the database messages comprises decoding a protocol generated as an output of a database connectivity driver in response to an input by a database application residing at an application layer, wherein decoding the database messages comprises decoding database messages of database implementations different from each other and, wherein the database connectivity driver is utilized by the one or more database clients to communicate with the database serve; and extracting query-language statements from the database messages, wherein the query-language statements are created by the database application at one or more of the database clients and provided as input to the database connectivity driver and the database connectivity driver generate the database message as an output based on the query-language statement; and at an application layer above the decoding layer at the first network location, using a monitoring application on the database device for receiving query-language statements extracted at the decoders and recording observations on the database messages based at least in part on the query-language statements extracted at the decoding layer. 29. The method of claim 24 , wherein observations on the database messages based at least in part on the query-language statements extracted at the decoding layer comprise timestamps in the query-language statements.

9. The system of claim 1 , the summarizer component operates on mixed media data to generate one or more summaries.

9. The system of claim 1 , the summarizer component operates on mixed media data to generate one or more summaries. 10. The system of claim 9 , the mixed media data is associated with text data, numeric data, audio data, image data, or video data.

1. A carrier virtual network interface system to allow an accessing telecommunication network managed by a network management system to indirectly manage the layer one resources dedicated to a carrier virtual network, the layer one resources dedicated to the carrier virtual network being directly managed by the network management system of each of at least one dedicating telecommunication network, the interface system comprising: a dedicating network interpretation layer that interfaces with the network management system of a dedicating telecommunication network, the dedicating network interpretation layer converting network information regarding layer one resources dedicated to the carrier virtual network from the dedicating telecommunication network to messages for transmission to the network management system of the accessing telecommunication network and converting messages from the network management system of the accessing telecommunication network to network instructions for use by the network management system of the dedicating telecommunication network, wherein the dedicated layer one resources of the dedicating-telecommunication network are freely accessible to the accessing-telecommunication network such that the network management system of the accessing telecommunication network can provision the dedicated layer one resources as if part of the accessing telecommunication network; an accessing network interpretation layer that interfaces with the network management system of the accessing telecommunication network, the accessing network interpretation layer converting messages received from the network management system of the dedicating telecommunication network to network information for use by the network management system of the accessing telecommunication network and converting network instructions from the network management system of the accessing telecommunication network to messages for transmission to the network management system of each of the at least one dedicating telecommunication networks, the network management system of the accessing telecommunication network: (1) maintaining information identifying the layer one resources of the dedicating telecommunication network dedicated to the carrier virtual network that is accessible by the accessing telecommunication network in a resource allocation record; (2) receiving a customer request to establish service; (3) referencing the resource allocation record to ascertain that the customer request can be satisfied by utilizing the layer one resources of the dedicating telecommunication network dedicated to the carrier virtual network that is accessible by the accessing telecommunication network, without engaging the network management system of the dedicating telecommunication network; and a communication layer that transmits messages from the dedicating network interpretation layer to the accessing network interpretation layer and from the accessing network interpretation layer to the dedicating network interpretation layer.

1. A carrier virtual network interface system to allow an accessing telecommunication network managed by a network management system to indirectly manage the layer one resources dedicated to a carrier virtual network, the layer one resources dedicated to the carrier virtual network being directly managed by the network management system of each of at least one dedicating telecommunication network, the interface system comprising: a dedicating network interpretation layer that interfaces with the network management system of a dedicating telecommunication network, the dedicating network interpretation layer converting network information regarding layer one resources dedicated to the carrier virtual network from the dedicating telecommunication network to messages for transmission to the network management system of the accessing telecommunication network and converting messages from the network management system of the accessing telecommunication network to network instructions for use by the network management system of the dedicating telecommunication network, wherein the dedicated layer one resources of the dedicating-telecommunication network are freely accessible to the accessing-telecommunication network such that the network management system of the accessing telecommunication network can provision the dedicated layer one resources as if part of the accessing telecommunication network; an accessing network interpretation layer that interfaces with the network management system of the accessing telecommunication network, the accessing network interpretation layer converting messages received from the network management system of the dedicating telecommunication network to network information for use by the network management system of the accessing telecommunication network and converting network instructions from the network management system of the accessing telecommunication network to messages for transmission to the network management system of each of the at least one dedicating telecommunication networks, the network management system of the accessing telecommunication network: (1) maintaining information identifying the layer one resources of the dedicating telecommunication network dedicated to the carrier virtual network that is accessible by the accessing telecommunication network in a resource allocation record; (2) receiving a customer request to establish service; (3) referencing the resource allocation record to ascertain that the customer request can be satisfied by utilizing the layer one resources of the dedicating telecommunication network dedicated to the carrier virtual network that is accessible by the accessing telecommunication network, without engaging the network management system of the dedicating telecommunication network; and a communication layer that transmits messages from the dedicating network interpretation layer to the accessing network interpretation layer and from the accessing network interpretation layer to the dedicating network interpretation layer. 11. The carrier virtual network interface of claim 1 , wherein the communication layer transmits using a Telnet protocol.

15. A speech recognition device, comprising: an audio signal receiver configured to receive audio signals from a speech source; a video signal receiver configured to receive video signals from the speech source; a processing unit configured to detect if the audio signals can be processed and if so, to process the audio signals and process the video signals based on the detection that at least a portion of the audio signals cannot be processed; a conversion unit configured to convert at lease one of the audio signals and the video signals to recognizable information; and an implementation unit configured to implement a task based on the recognizable information, wherein the processing unit is configured to determine if the video image of a user is detected and, if the video image of the user is not detected, to indicate to the user that the video image is not detected.

15. A speech recognition device, comprising: an audio signal receiver configured to receive audio signals from a speech source; a video signal receiver configured to receive video signals from the speech source; a processing unit configured to detect if the audio signals can be processed and if so, to process the audio signals and process the video signals based on the detection that at least a portion of the audio signals cannot be processed; a conversion unit configured to convert at lease one of the audio signals and the video signals to recognizable information; and an implementation unit configured to implement a task based on the recognizable information, wherein the processing unit is configured to determine if the video image of a user is detected and, if the video image of the user is not detected, to indicate to the user that the video image is not detected. 19. The speech recognition device of claim 15 , wherein the speech recognition device is part of a mobile phone.

15. The computer-readable media of claim 7 , wherein said result matching logic is configured to identify a match as said matching result for each entry of said entries having all of its said cells not in said ignore state matching said corresponding bits of the lookup word and having at least one of its said cells in the ignore state.

15. The computer-readable media of claim 7 , wherein said result matching logic is configured to identify a match as said matching result for each entry of said entries having all of its said cells not in said ignore state matching said corresponding bits of the lookup word and having at least one of its said cells in the ignore state. 16. The computer-readable media of claim 15 , wherein said result matching logic is configured to identify a miss as said matching result for each entry of said entries having at least one of its said cells not in the ignore state which does not match a said corresponding bit of the lookup word.

60. The method of claim 59 wherein the analog processor includes at least one quantum processor including a plurality of qubits and a plurality of coupling devices coupling respective pairs of qubits, the at least one quantum processor capable of evolving to the final state, and wherein setting a number of parameters of the analog processor to embed the subproblem into the analog processor includes setting parameters of at least some of the qubits and the coupling devices.

60. The method of claim 59 wherein the analog processor includes at least one quantum processor including a plurality of qubits and a plurality of coupling devices coupling respective pairs of qubits, the at least one quantum processor capable of evolving to the final state, and wherein setting a number of parameters of the analog processor to embed the subproblem into the analog processor includes setting parameters of at least some of the qubits and the coupling devices. 61. The method of claim 60 , further comprising: evolving the quantum processor to the final state.

19. A system, comprising: a service provider device associated with a service provider, the service provider device being configured for: receiving a document account number associated with a user of a document banking system hosted on a server in communication with the service provider device, wherein the document account number is received upon the user swiping a document card at the service provider device; and sending content to the document banking system corresponding to a service along with details of the service provider via secure Application Program Interfaces (APIs); a content handler hosted on the server, the content handler being configured for: authenticating, on a one-time basis, the service provider for sending the content to the user via the document banking system, wherein the authenticating is based on receiving the document account number from the service provider device; receiving the content from the service provider corresponding to a service used by the user, the content being received via secure Application Program Interfaces (APIs), the content being received along with details of the service provider, the user having a document bank account with the document banking system; identifying a template corresponding to the service for which the content is received, wherein the template is stored in a storage module associated with the document bank account; overlaying the received content over the identified template to generate or to update an electronic document with the content received from the service provider; adding the generated or updated electronic document to the storage module associated with the document bank account of the user; and a user interface hosted on the server, the user interface being configured for: displaying the generated or updated electronic document.

19. A system, comprising: a service provider device associated with a service provider, the service provider device being configured for: receiving a document account number associated with a user of a document banking system hosted on a server in communication with the service provider device, wherein the document account number is received upon the user swiping a document card at the service provider device; and sending content to the document banking system corresponding to a service along with details of the service provider via secure Application Program Interfaces (APIs); a content handler hosted on the server, the content handler being configured for: authenticating, on a one-time basis, the service provider for sending the content to the user via the document banking system, wherein the authenticating is based on receiving the document account number from the service provider device; receiving the content from the service provider corresponding to a service used by the user, the content being received via secure Application Program Interfaces (APIs), the content being received along with details of the service provider, the user having a document bank account with the document banking system; identifying a template corresponding to the service for which the content is received, wherein the template is stored in a storage module associated with the document bank account; overlaying the received content over the identified template to generate or to update an electronic document with the content received from the service provider; adding the generated or updated electronic document to the storage module associated with the document bank account of the user; and a user interface hosted on the server, the user interface being configured for: displaying the generated or updated electronic document. 22. The system of claim 19 , wherein the document banking system includes a billing and payment module for handling billing and payment related activities.

22. The medium of claim 9 , the instructions to determine all procedures that are referenced by the plurality of jobs includes instructions to load the plurality of jobs in the source JCL file onto a separate file and scan the separate file for procedure references.

22. The medium of claim 9 , the instructions to determine all procedures that are referenced by the plurality of jobs includes instructions to load the plurality of jobs in the source JCL file onto a separate file and scan the separate file for procedure references. 23. The medium of claim 22 , further comprising instructions to load the procedures referenced by the plurality of jobs onto another file.

11. An intelligent speech recognition system comprising: at least one audio input; at least one memory; a family of grammar-based language models stored within the at least one memory; a family of statistical language models stored within the at least one memory; and at least one processor operably connected to the at least one audio input and the at least one memory and configured to (i) perform a first speech recognition using the family of grammar-based language models, (ii) perform a second speech recognition using the family of statistical language models, and (iii) determine a recognized speech based upon the first speech recognition and the second speech recognition, wherein the family of grammar-based language models is generated based upon a generated frequency count of each utterance in a plurality of utterances identified as being in a high-frequency segment of the plurality of utterances based upon a predetermined frequency threshold; and the family of statistical language models is generated based upon a generated frequency count of each utterance in a plurality of utterances identified as being in a low-frequency segment of the plurality of utterances based upon the predetermined frequency threshold.

11. An intelligent speech recognition system comprising: at least one audio input; at least one memory; a family of grammar-based language models stored within the at least one memory; a family of statistical language models stored within the at least one memory; and at least one processor operably connected to the at least one audio input and the at least one memory and configured to (i) perform a first speech recognition using the family of grammar-based language models, (ii) perform a second speech recognition using the family of statistical language models, and (iii) determine a recognized speech based upon the first speech recognition and the second speech recognition, wherein the family of grammar-based language models is generated based upon a generated frequency count of each utterance in a plurality of utterances identified as being in a high-frequency segment of the plurality of utterances based upon a predetermined frequency threshold; and the family of statistical language models is generated based upon a generated frequency count of each utterance in a plurality of utterances identified as being in a low-frequency segment of the plurality of utterances based upon the predetermined frequency threshold. 19. The system of claim 11 , wherein: the family of grammar-based language models is stored within one of a client device and a cloud computing system operably connected to the client device through a network; and the family of statistical language models is stored within the other of the client device and the cloud computing system.

1. A computing device with a processor and memory for training a document ranking component, comprising: a training data store that contains training data including representations of documents and, for each query of a plurality of queries, a labeling of some of the documents with relevance of the documents to the query; a graph component that creates a graph of the documents with the documents represented as nodes being connected by edges representing similarity between documents including a build graph component that builds a graph in which nodes representing similar documents are connected via edges, such that each node has an edge to a number of other nodes that are most similar to it; and a generate weights component that generates weights for the edges based on similarity of the documents represented by the connected nodes, each document being represented by a feature vector in a feature space, the similarity between two documents being calculated based on a metric derived from the feature vectors representing the two documents; and a propagate relevance component that propagates relevance of the labeled documents to the unlabeled documents based on similarity between documents as indicated by the weights generated for the edges; a training component that trains a document ranking component to rank relevance of documents to queries based on the propagated relevance of the documents of the training data; and a search component that, after the document ranking component is trained, receives a query, identifies documents relating to the query, and ranks the identified documents using the document ranking component that was trained based on the propagated relevance of the documents of the training data wherein the components comprise computer-executable instructions stored in memory for execution by the processor.

1. A computing device with a processor and memory for training a document ranking component, comprising: a training data store that contains training data including representations of documents and, for each query of a plurality of queries, a labeling of some of the documents with relevance of the documents to the query; a graph component that creates a graph of the documents with the documents represented as nodes being connected by edges representing similarity between documents including a build graph component that builds a graph in which nodes representing similar documents are connected via edges, such that each node has an edge to a number of other nodes that are most similar to it; and a generate weights component that generates weights for the edges based on similarity of the documents represented by the connected nodes, each document being represented by a feature vector in a feature space, the similarity between two documents being calculated based on a metric derived from the feature vectors representing the two documents; and a propagate relevance component that propagates relevance of the labeled documents to the unlabeled documents based on similarity between documents as indicated by the weights generated for the edges; a training component that trains a document ranking component to rank relevance of documents to queries based on the propagated relevance of the documents of the training data; and a search component that, after the document ranking component is trained, receives a query, identifies documents relating to the query, and ranks the identified documents using the document ranking component that was trained based on the propagated relevance of the documents of the training data wherein the components comprise computer-executable instructions stored in memory for execution by the processor. 4. The computing device of claim 1 wherein the propagate relevance component propagates relevance separately for each query and the training component trains the document ranking component using the separately propagated relevances.

11. A system for performing search, the system comprising: a processor configured to: receive at least a portion of browsing log of a user, the browsing log comprising at least a plurality of web pages viewed by the user; extract one or more web page features from the browsing log, wherein the features include at least web address features of the web pages viewed by the user; generate one or more web page classifiers based on the extracted features of the browsing log, wherein different classifiers are related to different search goals of the user, and wherein generating the one or more classifiers includes performing a pairwise classification of at least web address features of the browsing log; segment the browsing log using the one or more classifiers into a plurality of separate logical browsing sessions related to different search goals of the user, wherein segmenting the browsing log includes analyzing at least one or more pairs of web pages viewed by the user and determining a probability of whether each of the web address features in each pair relate to a same or different search goal of the user; and perform an Internet search based at least in part on a search query of the user and information about one of the logical browsing sessions.

11. A system for performing search, the system comprising: a processor configured to: receive at least a portion of browsing log of a user, the browsing log comprising at least a plurality of web pages viewed by the user; extract one or more web page features from the browsing log, wherein the features include at least web address features of the web pages viewed by the user; generate one or more web page classifiers based on the extracted features of the browsing log, wherein different classifiers are related to different search goals of the user, and wherein generating the one or more classifiers includes performing a pairwise classification of at least web address features of the browsing log; segment the browsing log using the one or more classifiers into a plurality of separate logical browsing sessions related to different search goals of the user, wherein segmenting the browsing log includes analyzing at least one or more pairs of web pages viewed by the user and determining a probability of whether each of the web address features in each pair relate to a same or different search goal of the user; and perform an Internet search based at least in part on a search query of the user and information about one of the logical browsing sessions. 17. The system of claim 11 , wherein the features further include textual features that are generated by determining a similarity of text between search queries or between the web pages visited based on one or more of a cosine of distance between term vectors of titles and a ratio of common words to lengths of each page.

6. A computer-implemented method comprising: receiving an electronic communication; processing the electronic communication to determine that the electronic communication comprises a request for audio output of at least a portion of a textual work; determining a start position within the textual work at which the audio output is to begin, the start position corresponding to the request; determining that the start position is within a first contextual portion of the textual work, wherein first text data that corresponds to an entirety of the first contextual portion includes at least a first portion that precedes the start position and a second portion that follows the start position; with a text-to-speech (TTS) engine configured to synthesize speech based on input text, performing TTS processing on the first text data to determine first audio data corresponding to the second portion, the TTS processing including: accessing stored data that indicates how respective phonetic units in processed text are to be pronounced based at least in part on positions of the respective phonetic units relative to other elements in the processed text, determining, using the stored data and the first portion of the first text data, at least one prosodic characteristic corresponding to at least one phonetic unit associated with the second portion of the first text data, and determining the first audio data based at least in part on the at least one prosodic characteristic; determining an audio output component corresponding to the request; and causing audio, corresponding to the first audio data and beginning with audio corresponding to the second portion, to be output using the audio output component.

6. A computer-implemented method comprising: receiving an electronic communication; processing the electronic communication to determine that the electronic communication comprises a request for audio output of at least a portion of a textual work; determining a start position within the textual work at which the audio output is to begin, the start position corresponding to the request; determining that the start position is within a first contextual portion of the textual work, wherein first text data that corresponds to an entirety of the first contextual portion includes at least a first portion that precedes the start position and a second portion that follows the start position; with a text-to-speech (TTS) engine configured to synthesize speech based on input text, performing TTS processing on the first text data to determine first audio data corresponding to the second portion, the TTS processing including: accessing stored data that indicates how respective phonetic units in processed text are to be pronounced based at least in part on positions of the respective phonetic units relative to other elements in the processed text, determining, using the stored data and the first portion of the first text data, at least one prosodic characteristic corresponding to at least one phonetic unit associated with the second portion of the first text data, and determining the first audio data based at least in part on the at least one prosodic characteristic; determining an audio output component corresponding to the request; and causing audio, corresponding to the first audio data and beginning with audio corresponding to the second portion, to be output using the audio output component. 7. The computer-implemented method of claim 6 , further comprising: determining that the textual work corresponds to a non-audio formatted electronic book.

17. A computer system comprising a processor, a memory coupled to the processor, and a computer readable storage device coupled to the processor, said storage device containing program code which, upon being executed by the processor via the memory, implements a method for processing messages, said method comprising: said processor identifying an action to be subsequently performed on the message; in response to said identifying the action, said processor extracting one or more word objects from the message; said processor deriving a first combination of one or more concepts from the one or more word objects, wherein each concept of the one or more concepts is associated with at least one word object of the one or more word objects, and wherein each word object of the at least one word object is an instance of the associated concept; said processor determining a first interest value associated with the first combination; said processor determining that the first interest value is at least a specified first threshold value; and in response to said determining that the first interest value is at least the specified first threshold value, said processor updating a concept interest dataset, wherein the concept interest dataset prior to being updated comprises a plurality of combinations of at least one concept, wherein each concept of the at least one concept has been derived from a previous processing of messages, and wherein the updated concept interest dataset comprises the first combination and a cumulative interest value that encompasses the first interest value.

17. A computer system comprising a processor, a memory coupled to the processor, and a computer readable storage device coupled to the processor, said storage device containing program code which, upon being executed by the processor via the memory, implements a method for processing messages, said method comprising: said processor identifying an action to be subsequently performed on the message; in response to said identifying the action, said processor extracting one or more word objects from the message; said processor deriving a first combination of one or more concepts from the one or more word objects, wherein each concept of the one or more concepts is associated with at least one word object of the one or more word objects, and wherein each word object of the at least one word object is an instance of the associated concept; said processor determining a first interest value associated with the first combination; said processor determining that the first interest value is at least a specified first threshold value; and in response to said determining that the first interest value is at least the specified first threshold value, said processor updating a concept interest dataset, wherein the concept interest dataset prior to being updated comprises a plurality of combinations of at least one concept, wherein each concept of the at least one concept has been derived from a previous processing of messages, and wherein the updated concept interest dataset comprises the first combination and a cumulative interest value that encompasses the first interest value. 19. The computer system of claim 17 , wherein the plurality of combinations does not include the first combination, and wherein the cumulative interest value consists of the first interest value.

1. A computer implemented method for providing data distribution from a mobile middleware to a mobile device comprising: assigning a status flag to a field of an object; evaluating the status flag corresponding to the field of the object based on a subscription rule; and providing information of the status flag from the mobile middleware to the mobile device corresponding to the subscription rule.

1. A computer implemented method for providing data distribution from a mobile middleware to a mobile device comprising: assigning a status flag to a field of an object; evaluating the status flag corresponding to the field of the object based on a subscription rule; and providing information of the status flag from the mobile middleware to the mobile device corresponding to the subscription rule. 4. The computer implemented method of claim 1 , wherein the field comprises a dependency.

9. A handheld electronic device comprising: a processor apparatus comprising a processor and a memory having stored therein a plurality of objects that comprise a plurality of language objects and a number of contextual value objects, the contextual value objects each being associated with at least one of the language objects; an input apparatus being structured to provide input to the processor apparatus and comprising a number of input members including a multiple-axis input member; an output apparatus structured to receive output signals from the processor apparatus; the memory further having stored therein a number of routines which, when executed by the processor, cause the handheld electronic device to be adapted to perform operations comprising: detecting a first input; outputting as a first output an interpretation of the first input; detecting as a second input an ambiguous input that comprises a number of input member actuations; outputting at least a portion of each of a first language object and a second language object as proposed interpretations of the ambiguous input, the at least a portion of the first language object being output at a position of preference with respect to the at least a portion of the second language object; and detecting an input from the multiple-axis input member as a selection of the at least a portion of the second language object and, responsive thereto: storing a representation of the first output as a new contextual value object, and associating the new contextual value object with the second language object.

9. A handheld electronic device comprising: a processor apparatus comprising a processor and a memory having stored therein a plurality of objects that comprise a plurality of language objects and a number of contextual value objects, the contextual value objects each being associated with at least one of the language objects; an input apparatus being structured to provide input to the processor apparatus and comprising a number of input members including a multiple-axis input member; an output apparatus structured to receive output signals from the processor apparatus; the memory further having stored therein a number of routines which, when executed by the processor, cause the handheld electronic device to be adapted to perform operations comprising: detecting a first input; outputting as a first output an interpretation of the first input; detecting as a second input an ambiguous input that comprises a number of input member actuations; outputting at least a portion of each of a first language object and a second language object as proposed interpretations of the ambiguous input, the at least a portion of the first language object being output at a position of preference with respect to the at least a portion of the second language object; and detecting an input from the multiple-axis input member as a selection of the at least a portion of the second language object and, responsive thereto: storing a representation of the first output as a new contextual value object, and associating the new contextual value object with the second language object. 13. The handheld electronic device of claim 9 wherein the operations further comprise: identifying as the first language object a language object of a length equal to that of the ambiguous input; identifying as the second language object a language object of a length equal to that of the ambiguous input; and responsive thereto, initiating said storing and said associating.

1. A method comprising: scanning, by a client-side module executing on a computing device, a Document Object Model (DOM) of a first web page displayed by a browser on a display of the computing device to determine a location of a primary search query user input area associated with the first web page; determining, by the client-side module, that a search query has been entered by a user into the primary search query user input area; in response to the determining, automatically entering, by the client-side module, the search query entered by the user into the primary search query user input area into a secondary search query user input area associated with a predetermined second web page, the second web page determined by the client-side module based on web browsing history of the user; displaying in a first content area of the browser the result of a search performed by a search tool represented by the first web page on the search query; and displaying in a second content area of the browser the result of a search performed by a search tool represented by the second web page on the search query.

1. A method comprising: scanning, by a client-side module executing on a computing device, a Document Object Model (DOM) of a first web page displayed by a browser on a display of the computing device to determine a location of a primary search query user input area associated with the first web page; determining, by the client-side module, that a search query has been entered by a user into the primary search query user input area; in response to the determining, automatically entering, by the client-side module, the search query entered by the user into the primary search query user input area into a secondary search query user input area associated with a predetermined second web page, the second web page determined by the client-side module based on web browsing history of the user; displaying in a first content area of the browser the result of a search performed by a search tool represented by the first web page on the search query; and displaying in a second content area of the browser the result of a search performed by a search tool represented by the second web page on the search query. 3. The method of claim 1 further comprising determining, by the client-side module, an intent of the user when the user enters the search query into the primary search query user input area.

3. The method of claim 1 , where each of the existing and desired software profiles are formulated as cases, and the searching of the library of existing software profiles is performed via case-based reasoning.

3. The method of claim 1 , where each of the existing and desired software profiles are formulated as cases, and the searching of the library of existing software profiles is performed via case-based reasoning. 4. The method of claim 3 , where said cases describe features using at least one of attribute-value pairs, attribute-true/false pairs, attribute-type pairs, and attribute-descriptor pairs.

10. The method of claim 1 further comprising determining a predefined set of preferences; and storing the versions of the documents in accordance with the determined preferences.

10. The method of claim 1 further comprising determining a predefined set of preferences; and storing the versions of the documents in accordance with the determined preferences. 16. The method of claim 10 wherein the set of preferences includes a preference for designating a document as a trusted reference.

1. A method of generating and reusing software application code with source definition files, comprising the steps of: receiving one or more source definition files, each of which includes annotations therein defining one or a plurality of software objects to be generated, wherein the annotations optionally include variables and values associated therewith for further defining the software object; parsing the one or more source definition files, including comparing the annotations with an annotation library that specifies required and optional parameters for each annotation, to validate the annotations, and comparing any provided variables and values with a variables library that specifies permissible values for each variable; and generating classes for the one or a plurality of software objects in accordance with the validated annotations and provided variables and values, including generating a remote class, a home class, and at least one deployment descriptor based on the description of the one or a plurality of software objects, such that a change to the source definition file is propagated to the remote class, home class and deployment descriptor; subsequently receiving software application code as input files which include modified class definitions for the one or a plurality of software objects; examining information in the input files to identify which annotations from the annotation library and the variables library adequately describe the software objects, including selecting annotations from the annotation library that adequately match the class structure, class relationships and deployment, and determining optional variables and values from the variables library that adequately match the class structure, class relationships and deployment; and generating a new source definition file which includes the annotations and the optional variables defining the input files.

1. A method of generating and reusing software application code with source definition files, comprising the steps of: receiving one or more source definition files, each of which includes annotations therein defining one or a plurality of software objects to be generated, wherein the annotations optionally include variables and values associated therewith for further defining the software object; parsing the one or more source definition files, including comparing the annotations with an annotation library that specifies required and optional parameters for each annotation, to validate the annotations, and comparing any provided variables and values with a variables library that specifies permissible values for each variable; and generating classes for the one or a plurality of software objects in accordance with the validated annotations and provided variables and values, including generating a remote class, a home class, and at least one deployment descriptor based on the description of the one or a plurality of software objects, such that a change to the source definition file is propagated to the remote class, home class and deployment descriptor; subsequently receiving software application code as input files which include modified class definitions for the one or a plurality of software objects; examining information in the input files to identify which annotations from the annotation library and the variables library adequately describe the software objects, including selecting annotations from the annotation library that adequately match the class structure, class relationships and deployment, and determining optional variables and values from the variables library that adequately match the class structure, class relationships and deployment; and generating a new source definition file which includes the annotations and the optional variables defining the input files. 3. The method of claim 1 wherein the source definition file can be stored as a computer file and can be edited to modify the annotations therein describing the one or more class definitions.

7. An electronic dictionary for providing word information in response to actuation of the dictionary, comprising: first memory means for storing a plurality of words therein; said first memory means including a plurality of first storage areas each corresponding to a predetermined set of words each of said first storage areas being divided into a plurality of second storage areas each corresponding to a predetermined subset of words, greater than one, wherein the predetermined subset of words in a second storage area is less than the predetermined set of words in a first storage area; first selection means for selecting said plurality of first storage areas; second selection means for selecting said plurality of second storage areas; access means, responsive to the actuation of said first and second selection means, for accessing any one of said predetermined sets of words in said plurality of first storage areas, and for accessing any one of said predetermined subsets of words in said plurality of second storage areas, said access means including means for displaying the first and last words of each set or subset upon actuation of said first or second selection means respectively; and means for retrieving an entry word from any one of said predetermined sets of words.

7. An electronic dictionary for providing word information in response to actuation of the dictionary, comprising: first memory means for storing a plurality of words therein; said first memory means including a plurality of first storage areas each corresponding to a predetermined set of words each of said first storage areas being divided into a plurality of second storage areas each corresponding to a predetermined subset of words, greater than one, wherein the predetermined subset of words in a second storage area is less than the predetermined set of words in a first storage area; first selection means for selecting said plurality of first storage areas; second selection means for selecting said plurality of second storage areas; access means, responsive to the actuation of said first and second selection means, for accessing any one of said predetermined sets of words in said plurality of first storage areas, and for accessing any one of said predetermined subsets of words in said plurality of second storage areas, said access means including means for displaying the first and last words of each set or subset upon actuation of said first or second selection means respectively; and means for retrieving an entry word from any one of said predetermined sets of words. 8. A dictionary according to claim 7, further including means for displaying said entry word.

20. A non-transitory computer readable storage medium storing computer program instructions that when executed by a computer cause the computer to perform: accessing a previously identified collection containing a limited number of phoneme sequences; for each file of a plurality of files: detecting at least one sequence of phonemes in the file's audio component; comparing the at least one sequence of phonemes detected in the file's audio component to the collection of phoneme sequences; and generating a score, based on said comparing, that indicates a similarity between the at least one sequence of phonemes detected in the file's audio component and one or more of the phoneme sequences in the collection; and determining similarity of two or more of the plurality of files to each other based on the generated scores.

20. A non-transitory computer readable storage medium storing computer program instructions that when executed by a computer cause the computer to perform: accessing a previously identified collection containing a limited number of phoneme sequences; for each file of a plurality of files: detecting at least one sequence of phonemes in the file's audio component; comparing the at least one sequence of phonemes detected in the file's audio component to the collection of phoneme sequences; and generating a score, based on said comparing, that indicates a similarity between the at least one sequence of phonemes detected in the file's audio component and one or more of the phoneme sequences in the collection; and determining similarity of two or more of the plurality of files to each other based on the generated scores. 21. The medium of claim 20 , wherein the program instructions, when executed by the computer, cause the computer to further perform associating the two or more of the plurality of files, based on establishing that the determined similarity exceeds a quantitative threshold.

1. A computer-system-implemented method for requesting desired information from a graph database storing a graph, the method comprising: receiving an initial query that is compatible with a first type of database that is different from the graph database; converting the initial query into a query using primitives, wherein the primitives comprise: a rule, based on edges in the graph, that expresses a relational schema in the first type of database, and information associated with a compound key that specifies a relationship between nodes, edges and predicates in the graph corresponding to a table in the first type of database; executing the query against the graph database, wherein: the graph comprises nodes, edges between the nodes, and predicates to represent and store data with index-free adjacency; and the query identifies a first edge associated with a predicate that specifies one or more of the nodes in the graph; and receiving a result in response to the query, wherein the result includes a subset of the graph.

1. A computer-system-implemented method for requesting desired information from a graph database storing a graph, the method comprising: receiving an initial query that is compatible with a first type of database that is different from the graph database; converting the initial query into a query using primitives, wherein the primitives comprise: a rule, based on edges in the graph, that expresses a relational schema in the first type of database, and information associated with a compound key that specifies a relationship between nodes, edges and predicates in the graph corresponding to a table in the first type of database; executing the query against the graph database, wherein: the graph comprises nodes, edges between the nodes, and predicates to represent and store data with index-free adjacency; and the query identifies a first edge associated with a predicate that specifies one or more of the nodes in the graph; and receiving a result in response to the query, wherein the result includes a subset of the graph. 2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the method further comprises generating the query with a subject, a predicate and an object based on the desired information.

8. A system, comprising: a processor; a memory storing instructions that, when executed by the processor, cause the system to: obtain a first stream of candidate content items based on a request from a user; generate a model based on an interest of the user and a prior interaction of the user; compute an interestingness score for each of the candidate content items based upon a comparison of each of the candidate content items to the model, a quality of each candidate content item, and information relating to relationships of users from a social graph of the user, wherein the interestingness score represents similarities between attributes of the candidate content item and the model and the quality of each candidate content item is based on at least one of a popularity, an importance and a relevance of the respective candidate content item; determine a threshold for the first stream of candidate content items based on an extent to which the popularity of the candidate content items has changed in a user's location; compare the interestingness score for each of the candidate content items with the threshold to determine which candidate content items have an interestingness score that exceeds the threshold; organize a first content item and a second content item that have the interestingness score that exceeds the threshold in a second stream of content; and provide the second stream of content along with an explanation for why the first content item and the second content item are included in the second stream of content for display on a user interface of a client device associated with the user that submitted the request, wherein the user interface includes at least one button associated with each of the first content item and the second content item, which, once selected by the user, causes the one or more processors to receive a feedback to the explanation and to automatically update the model and the second stream of content based on the feedback.

8. A system, comprising: a processor; a memory storing instructions that, when executed by the processor, cause the system to: obtain a first stream of candidate content items based on a request from a user; generate a model based on an interest of the user and a prior interaction of the user; compute an interestingness score for each of the candidate content items based upon a comparison of each of the candidate content items to the model, a quality of each candidate content item, and information relating to relationships of users from a social graph of the user, wherein the interestingness score represents similarities between attributes of the candidate content item and the model and the quality of each candidate content item is based on at least one of a popularity, an importance and a relevance of the respective candidate content item; determine a threshold for the first stream of candidate content items based on an extent to which the popularity of the candidate content items has changed in a user's location; compare the interestingness score for each of the candidate content items with the threshold to determine which candidate content items have an interestingness score that exceeds the threshold; organize a first content item and a second content item that have the interestingness score that exceeds the threshold in a second stream of content; and provide the second stream of content along with an explanation for why the first content item and the second content item are included in the second stream of content for display on a user interface of a client device associated with the user that submitted the request, wherein the user interface includes at least one button associated with each of the first content item and the second content item, which, once selected by the user, causes the one or more processors to receive a feedback to the explanation and to automatically update the model and the second stream of content based on the feedback. 9. The system of claim 8 , wherein the system is further configured to: select the candidate content items with a global score that exceeds a global score threshold from the first stream of candidate content items, the global score indicating the popularity of the candidate content items; and compute the interestingness score for each of the selected candidate content items using the model.

7. The method of claim 1 , wherein generating the first dominant query includes: identifying, from a user search history for the first user, one or more queries submitted by the first user that begin with text matching the first text input; and identifying the first dominant query from the one or more queries based on the first dominant query appearing in the user search history a number of times that satisfies a threshold.

7. The method of claim 1 , wherein generating the first dominant query includes: identifying, from a user search history for the first user, one or more queries submitted by the first user that begin with text matching the first text input; and identifying the first dominant query from the one or more queries based on the first dominant query appearing in the user search history a number of times that satisfies a threshold. 8. The method of claim 7 , wherein the text matches the first text input if the text is identical to the first text input.

6. An apparatus configured to process a text message from a mobile station at a third party provider via text messaging, the apparatus comprising: a receiver configured to receive the text message from the mobile station, wherein the text message comprises a transaction request from a user; a processor configured to parse the message, perform a natural language interpretation of the message to identify at least one emotion related keyword or phrase included in the message, process the parsed message to determine the user's requested objective from the transaction request and to assign an emotion status to the message based on the identified at least one emotion related keyword or phrase by identifying a frequency of occurrences of the at least one emotion related keyword or phrase and associating the identified at least one keyword or phrase with the emotion status if a threshold predefined set number of occurrences of the at least one emotion related keyword or phrase is identified, and generate a response to the message based on the user's requested objective and the assigned emotion status, wherein the response comprises a pre-defined return text message acknowledging the user's requested objective corresponding to the transaction and an incentive based on the assigned emotional status; and a transmitter configured to send the response to the mobile station if a confidence of the generated response exceeds a threshold; and wherein if the confidence does not exceed the threshold, the transmitter is further configured to send the response to a live agent for correction, send the corrected response to the mobile station and wherein the processor stores the corrected response as the pre-defined return text message.

6. An apparatus configured to process a text message from a mobile station at a third party provider via text messaging, the apparatus comprising: a receiver configured to receive the text message from the mobile station, wherein the text message comprises a transaction request from a user; a processor configured to parse the message, perform a natural language interpretation of the message to identify at least one emotion related keyword or phrase included in the message, process the parsed message to determine the user's requested objective from the transaction request and to assign an emotion status to the message based on the identified at least one emotion related keyword or phrase by identifying a frequency of occurrences of the at least one emotion related keyword or phrase and associating the identified at least one keyword or phrase with the emotion status if a threshold predefined set number of occurrences of the at least one emotion related keyword or phrase is identified, and generate a response to the message based on the user's requested objective and the assigned emotion status, wherein the response comprises a pre-defined return text message acknowledging the user's requested objective corresponding to the transaction and an incentive based on the assigned emotional status; and a transmitter configured to send the response to the mobile station if a confidence of the generated response exceeds a threshold; and wherein if the confidence does not exceed the threshold, the transmitter is further configured to send the response to a live agent for correction, send the corrected response to the mobile station and wherein the processor stores the corrected response as the pre-defined return text message. 7. The apparatus of claim 6 , wherein the processor is further configured to confirm the user's requested objective has been fulfilled in the response.

2. A method in accordance with claim 1 wherein: the text comprises at least one of email, chat, information obtained from a server, and information collected from a website.

2. A method in accordance with claim 1 wherein: the text comprises at least one of email, chat, information obtained from a server, and information collected from a website. 3. A method in accordance with claim 2 wherein: processing the text with the computer comprises identifying categories of information therein; and further comprising quantifying information in each of the categories and determining the psychological state of the person from the quantified information.

11. A computer readable medium having computer executable instructions for: using a tessellation engine for defining a tessellated set of regions from a plurality of regions identified by a plurality of segmented versions of the digital image; using a classification engine for classifying each tessellated region according to a likelihood that the tessellated region contains text; using a recognition engine for defining a logical text flow among at least some of the tessellated regions; and using an assembly engine for automatically assembling a digital document from the digital image, the digital document including text from the tessellated regions classified as containing text, a page layout defining the placement of the text, and data representative of the logical text flow.

11. A computer readable medium having computer executable instructions for: using a tessellation engine for defining a tessellated set of regions from a plurality of regions identified by a plurality of segmented versions of the digital image; using a classification engine for classifying each tessellated region according to a likelihood that the tessellated region contains text; using a recognition engine for defining a logical text flow among at least some of the tessellated regions; and using an assembly engine for automatically assembling a digital document from the digital image, the digital document including text from the tessellated regions classified as containing text, a page layout defining the placement of the text, and data representative of the logical text flow. 12. The medium of claim 11 , wherein the instructions for classifying include instructions for: obtaining a normalized probability data set for each region identified in each segmented version of the digital image, each set of probability data containing a probability value for each of a plurality of content types; mapping each probability data set to one or more corresponding tessellated regions; for each probability data set mapped to a particular tessellated region, summing the probability values for each content type; and predicting a content type for each tessellated region based at least in part upon a maximum of the summed probability values for that tessellated region; and classifying each tessellated region at least partially according to its predicted content type.

2. A method in accordance with claim 1 , wherein extracting at least one of a spatial concept and a temporal concept comprises extracting a spatiotemporal relationship.

2. A method in accordance with claim 1 , wherein extracting at least one of a spatial concept and a temporal concept comprises extracting a spatiotemporal relationship. 3. A method in accordance with claim 2 , further comprising: receiving a plurality of inputs and extracting one or more parameters from each of the inputs; and redefining the function based upon the extracted parameters of the plurality of inputs.

1. A system for controlling metadata associated with content items as directed by a user of an electronic device, the system comprising: a user interface comprising interface screens displayed on a display of the electronic device; an input mechanism on the electronic device, the input mechanism receiving user instructions through the user interface; a plurality of content items accessible by the electronic device, one or more of the plurality of content items having metadata associated therewith, the plurality of content items comprising original content items and modified content items; an overlay component that places a geolocation overlay indicator on each of the plurality of content items having associated geolocation metadata; a content selection component that displays one or more of the plurality of content items on the display of the electronic device, and enables selection of one or more of the plurality of displayed content items; the content selection component displays the geolocation overlay indicator with each content items having associated geolocation metadata; a plurality of content sharing mechanisms on the electronic device, each of the plurality of content sharing mechanisms for at least one of receiving content items and sending content items over a network accessible by the electronic device; a geotag profile accessible by the electronic device, the geotag profile including profile instructions regarding geolocation metadata control and being directed to at least one of the plurality of content sharing mechanisms; a sharing selection component for selecting a selected content item of the plurality of content items, and for selecting a selected content sharing mechanism of the plurality of content sharing mechanisms, the selected content item having selected content metadata associated therewith; a metadata modification component for modifying metadata associated with the plurality of content items including modifying the selected content metadata before sharing the selected content items, the metadata modification component selecting the geotag profile based on the selected content item and the selected content sharing mechanism, and modifying geolocation metadata of the selected content metadata in accordance with the profile instructions of the geotag profile when the geotag profile is selected; a sharing component for sharing a sharing version of the selected content item with a sharing version of the selected content metadata over a network accessible by the electronic device through the selected content sharing mechanism; wherein metadata associated with the original content items has not been modified by the metadata modification component and metadata associated with the modified content items has been modified by the metadata modification component, and wherein when the metadata modification component modifies selected content metadata before sharing a selected content item and the geotag profile is selected, the metadata modification component modifies the selected content metadata associated with the selected content item in accordance with the profile instructions of the geotag profile to generate the sharing version of the selected content metadata, and the metadata modification component does not modify the selected content metadata associated with the selected content item.

1. A system for controlling metadata associated with content items as directed by a user of an electronic device, the system comprising: a user interface comprising interface screens displayed on a display of the electronic device; an input mechanism on the electronic device, the input mechanism receiving user instructions through the user interface; a plurality of content items accessible by the electronic device, one or more of the plurality of content items having metadata associated therewith, the plurality of content items comprising original content items and modified content items; an overlay component that places a geolocation overlay indicator on each of the plurality of content items having associated geolocation metadata; a content selection component that displays one or more of the plurality of content items on the display of the electronic device, and enables selection of one or more of the plurality of displayed content items; the content selection component displays the geolocation overlay indicator with each content items having associated geolocation metadata; a plurality of content sharing mechanisms on the electronic device, each of the plurality of content sharing mechanisms for at least one of receiving content items and sending content items over a network accessible by the electronic device; a geotag profile accessible by the electronic device, the geotag profile including profile instructions regarding geolocation metadata control and being directed to at least one of the plurality of content sharing mechanisms; a sharing selection component for selecting a selected content item of the plurality of content items, and for selecting a selected content sharing mechanism of the plurality of content sharing mechanisms, the selected content item having selected content metadata associated therewith; a metadata modification component for modifying metadata associated with the plurality of content items including modifying the selected content metadata before sharing the selected content items, the metadata modification component selecting the geotag profile based on the selected content item and the selected content sharing mechanism, and modifying geolocation metadata of the selected content metadata in accordance with the profile instructions of the geotag profile when the geotag profile is selected; a sharing component for sharing a sharing version of the selected content item with a sharing version of the selected content metadata over a network accessible by the electronic device through the selected content sharing mechanism; wherein metadata associated with the original content items has not been modified by the metadata modification component and metadata associated with the modified content items has been modified by the metadata modification component, and wherein when the metadata modification component modifies selected content metadata before sharing a selected content item and the geotag profile is selected, the metadata modification component modifies the selected content metadata associated with the selected content item in accordance with the profile instructions of the geotag profile to generate the sharing version of the selected content metadata, and the metadata modification component does not modify the selected content metadata associated with the selected content item. 13. The system of claim 1 , wherein when the selected content sharing mechanism is a website, the metadata modification component generates the sharing version of the selected content metadata from the selected content metadata, and when the geotag profile is selected and the selected content metadata includes geolocation information the metadata modification component removes the geolocation information from the sharing version of the selected content metadata; and the sharing component prepares the sharing version of the selected content item and the sharing version of the selected content metadata for uploading to the website over a network.

20. A system according to claim 15, wherein the user interface object further comprises: a reference to a software object for an interactive user input of a source for inputting the second structured information format attribute value; a reference to a software object for an interactive user input of the second structured information format attribute value; an object method for obtaining interactive input from the user of the source for inputting the second structured information format attribute value using the software object for the interactive user input of the source for inputting the second structured information format attribute value; and an object method for obtaining interactive input from the user of the second structured information format attribute value using the software object for the interactive user input of the second structured information format attribute value.

20. A system according to claim 15, wherein the user interface object further comprises: a reference to a software object for an interactive user input of a source for inputting the second structured information format attribute value; a reference to a software object for an interactive user input of the second structured information format attribute value; an object method for obtaining interactive input from the user of the source for inputting the second structured information format attribute value using the software object for the interactive user input of the source for inputting the second structured information format attribute value; and an object method for obtaining interactive input from the user of the second structured information format attribute value using the software object for the interactive user input of the second structured information format attribute value. 25. A system according to claim 20, further comprising: a reference to a storage buffer for the source which has been input by the user; an object method for examining the source which has been input by the user using the storage buffer for the source which has been input by the user; an object method for interactively inputting a user input value, when the source which has been input by the user indicates a user input source is to be used; and an object method for assigning the user input value to the second structured information format attribute value, when the source which has been input by the user indicates a user input source is to be used.

33. At least one non-transitory computer-readable medium having instructions encoded thereon which, when executed by at least one computer, perform a method comprising acts of: (A) receiving a query from a user, the query comprising content including at least a first word and a second word; (B) in response to receiving the query, identifying, based at least in part on the content of the query, a first semantic tag indicating a meaning of the first word and a second semantic tag indicating a meaning of the second word; (C) determining a behavior for the user based on the first and second semantic tags, the behavior comprising an inferred intent of the user; and (D) identifying, based on the behavior, (1) at least one search engine from which information related to the content of the query can be retrieved and (2) an action performable by the user that achieves the behavior.

33. At least one non-transitory computer-readable medium having instructions encoded thereon which, when executed by at least one computer, perform a method comprising acts of: (A) receiving a query from a user, the query comprising content including at least a first word and a second word; (B) in response to receiving the query, identifying, based at least in part on the content of the query, a first semantic tag indicating a meaning of the first word and a second semantic tag indicating a meaning of the second word; (C) determining a behavior for the user based on the first and second semantic tags, the behavior comprising an inferred intent of the user; and (D) identifying, based on the behavior, (1) at least one search engine from which information related to the content of the query can be retrieved and (2) an action performable by the user that achieves the behavior. 43. The at least one non-transitory computer-readable medium of claim 33 , wherein the act (D) comprises identifying at least one site-specific search engine, and wherein the method comprises also identifying a general purpose search engine to which a representation of the query is to be submitted.

8. A computer system to localize a source language user interface of a software application to a target language user interface, comprising: a processor; and memory coupled to said processor, said memory storing: one or more instructions that extract source language GUI component text of one or more GUI components from bytecode of said software application while said software application is executing to generate said source language user interface, said instructions including: one or more instructions that identify that a localizable method in said bytecode of said software application matches a method found in a class-method map; one or more instructions that add instructions associated with the localizable method to said bytecode in response to the identifying; and one or more instructions that extract source language GUI component text from an input parameter of the localizable method; one or more instructions that form a localization pack file that includes said extracted source language GUI component text and a translation of said source language GUI component text to said target language, wherein said localization pack file contains a plurality of key-value pairs, and wherein each key-value pair includes a value containing at least a portion of said extracted source language GUI component text and a key indicating a location of the localizable method in said bytecode of said software application from which the portion of extracted source language GUI component text was extracted; one or more instructions that translate said source language GUI component text of said localization pack file to a target language; one or more instructions that, in response to said software application executing again, read said translated GUI component text; one or more instructions that form one or more GUI components that include said translated GUI component text; and one or more instructions that display said GUI components that include said translated GUI component text.

8. A computer system to localize a source language user interface of a software application to a target language user interface, comprising: a processor; and memory coupled to said processor, said memory storing: one or more instructions that extract source language GUI component text of one or more GUI components from bytecode of said software application while said software application is executing to generate said source language user interface, said instructions including: one or more instructions that identify that a localizable method in said bytecode of said software application matches a method found in a class-method map; one or more instructions that add instructions associated with the localizable method to said bytecode in response to the identifying; and one or more instructions that extract source language GUI component text from an input parameter of the localizable method; one or more instructions that form a localization pack file that includes said extracted source language GUI component text and a translation of said source language GUI component text to said target language, wherein said localization pack file contains a plurality of key-value pairs, and wherein each key-value pair includes a value containing at least a portion of said extracted source language GUI component text and a key indicating a location of the localizable method in said bytecode of said software application from which the portion of extracted source language GUI component text was extracted; one or more instructions that translate said source language GUI component text of said localization pack file to a target language; one or more instructions that, in response to said software application executing again, read said translated GUI component text; one or more instructions that form one or more GUI components that include said translated GUI component text; and one or more instructions that display said GUI components that include said translated GUI component text. 12. The computer system of claim 8 , said memory further comprising: one or more instructions that, in response to encountering said GUI component, wherein said GUI component comprises a dynamic string, partition a dynamic string of said source language GUI component text into dynamic and static parts in accordance with a predefined partition policy; one or more instructions that store a translation of any of said static parts of said dynamic string; one or more instructions that determine a translation of said dynamic string in accordance with said predefined partition policy; and one or more instructions that display said translation of said dynamic string.

1. A method of identifying social profiles in a social network having relevance to a first file, comprising: identifying a plurality of social profiles within the social network, wherein the plurality of social profiles each have a relationship with the first file, wherein the social network allows uploading and sharing of social profiles of users, and wherein each social profile includes a representation of a user; generating, by a system server, a list of inquiries based on the plurality of social profiles, wherein the list of inquiries includes search terms used in a search that identified the first file and the plurality of social profiles, thereby establishing the relationship between the first file and the plurality of social profiles by text analysis or filtering; providing, by the system server, the list of inquiries to at least one author of the first file; receiving from the at least one author at least one response to the list of inquiries; selecting a subset of the plurality of social profiles based on the at least one response; and storing information related to the selected subset of the plurality of social profiles for access if the first file is selected.

1. A method of identifying social profiles in a social network having relevance to a first file, comprising: identifying a plurality of social profiles within the social network, wherein the plurality of social profiles each have a relationship with the first file, wherein the social network allows uploading and sharing of social profiles of users, and wherein each social profile includes a representation of a user; generating, by a system server, a list of inquiries based on the plurality of social profiles, wherein the list of inquiries includes search terms used in a search that identified the first file and the plurality of social profiles, thereby establishing the relationship between the first file and the plurality of social profiles by text analysis or filtering; providing, by the system server, the list of inquiries to at least one author of the first file; receiving from the at least one author at least one response to the list of inquiries; selecting a subset of the plurality of social profiles based on the at least one response; and storing information related to the selected subset of the plurality of social profiles for access if the first file is selected. 20. The method of claim 1 , wherein the list of inquiries includes the at least one author of at least a subset of the plurality of social profiles.

12. The system of claim 11 , wherein each language model rules includes one or more adjustment factors for adjusting a probability value of a word sequence in the base language model.

12. The system of claim 11 , wherein each language model rules includes one or more adjustment factors for adjusting a probability value of a word sequence in the base language model. 13. The system of claim 12 , wherein a magnitude of each adjustment factor depends on query frequency information.

1. A method of handling changes to a software system in a business environment comprising: capturing customer requirements of the software system in a schema; modeling business-software architecture of the software system in a first level of the schema as business functions, business activities, forms, actions, and business rules, wherein each of the business functions comprises functions performed in a business process of the software system, wherein each of the business activities comprises activities performed in each of the business functions, wherein each of the forms comprises semantics to capture and retrieve information for each of the business activities, wherein each of the actions comprises tasks performed in each of the forms, and wherein each of the business rules comprises rules that govern each of the actions; modeling design architecture of the software system in a second level of the schema as components, system entry points, user interfaces, services, and methods, wherein each of the components corresponds to each of the business functions of the business process, wherein each of the system entry points corresponds to visual-interface elements of each of the business activities, wherein each of the user interfaces with visual-interface elements corresponds to each of the forms, wherein each of the services corresponds to each of the actions performed in each of the user interfaces, and wherein each of the methods corresponds to each of the business rules that are invoked in handling each of the services; defining events that connect the first level and second level of the schema, wherein events comprise entry events and exit events, and wherein each of the entry events is a stimulus that triggers a business function, a business activity, or a form and each of the exit events is a response from the respective business function, business activity, or form to the stimulus; defining links that represent interactions between the user interfaces, wherein each of the links comprises cross connections between the visual-interface elements in the user interfaces and the events associated with at least one of the business functions, business activities, and forms; defining integration services for each of the events, wherein integration services define cross connections for data updates between the events associated with at least one of the business functions, business activities, and forms in the first level and services and methods in the second level; mapping each of the business functions, business activities, forms, actions, and business rules in the first level to a corresponding one of the components, system entry points, user interfaces, services, and methods in the second level using the events, links, and integration services; creating a knowledge repository with a traversable user interface representing the mappings between the first level and the second level of the schema; identifying changes to the software system in the business environment, wherein the changes are associated with at least one of the business functions, business activities, forms, actions, and business rules; and analyzing impact of the changes to the software system using the knowledge repository with the traversable user interface.

1. A method of handling changes to a software system in a business environment comprising: capturing customer requirements of the software system in a schema; modeling business-software architecture of the software system in a first level of the schema as business functions, business activities, forms, actions, and business rules, wherein each of the business functions comprises functions performed in a business process of the software system, wherein each of the business activities comprises activities performed in each of the business functions, wherein each of the forms comprises semantics to capture and retrieve information for each of the business activities, wherein each of the actions comprises tasks performed in each of the forms, and wherein each of the business rules comprises rules that govern each of the actions; modeling design architecture of the software system in a second level of the schema as components, system entry points, user interfaces, services, and methods, wherein each of the components corresponds to each of the business functions of the business process, wherein each of the system entry points corresponds to visual-interface elements of each of the business activities, wherein each of the user interfaces with visual-interface elements corresponds to each of the forms, wherein each of the services corresponds to each of the actions performed in each of the user interfaces, and wherein each of the methods corresponds to each of the business rules that are invoked in handling each of the services; defining events that connect the first level and second level of the schema, wherein events comprise entry events and exit events, and wherein each of the entry events is a stimulus that triggers a business function, a business activity, or a form and each of the exit events is a response from the respective business function, business activity, or form to the stimulus; defining links that represent interactions between the user interfaces, wherein each of the links comprises cross connections between the visual-interface elements in the user interfaces and the events associated with at least one of the business functions, business activities, and forms; defining integration services for each of the events, wherein integration services define cross connections for data updates between the events associated with at least one of the business functions, business activities, and forms in the first level and services and methods in the second level; mapping each of the business functions, business activities, forms, actions, and business rules in the first level to a corresponding one of the components, system entry points, user interfaces, services, and methods in the second level using the events, links, and integration services; creating a knowledge repository with a traversable user interface representing the mappings between the first level and the second level of the schema; identifying changes to the software system in the business environment, wherein the changes are associated with at least one of the business functions, business activities, forms, actions, and business rules; and analyzing impact of the changes to the software system using the knowledge repository with the traversable user interface. 6. The method of claim 1 , wherein identifying the changes associated with at least one business rule comprises: identifying changes in methods corresponding to the changes in business rules through mappings persisted in the knowledge repository; and identifying changes in integration services associated with the changes in the methods.

19. The article of manufacture of claim 18 wherein said applying including converting said received document to said set of received document feature vectors.

19. The article of manufacture of claim 18 wherein said applying including converting said received document to said set of received document feature vectors. 20. The article of manufacture of claim 19 wherein said converting said received document to said set of received document feature vectors employs a TF-IDF (Term Frequency-Inverse Document Frequency) technique.

1. A method for having a reading machine spell a word comprises: retrieving a word to be spelled; displaying the first character of the word on a display while applying a highlighting indicia to the character; synthesizing speech for the character to have the reading machine pronounce the displayed letter of the word, unhighlighting the displayed letter of the word; and retrieving a subsequent letter of the word.

1. A method for having a reading machine spell a word comprises: retrieving a word to be spelled; displaying the first character of the word on a display while applying a highlighting indicia to the character; synthesizing speech for the character to have the reading machine pronounce the displayed letter of the word, unhighlighting the displayed letter of the word; and retrieving a subsequent letter of the word. 6. The method of claim 1 wherein displaying displays an image representation of the word.

2. The device of claim 1, further comprising control means connected to the pen sense control means and the display control means for alternately enabling the pen sense control means to produce position signals, so as to provide input pen position sensing at a sufficiently rapid rate to accommodate high input resolution for graphics, and enabling the display control means to energize the selected display elements, so as to refresh the display elements at a frequency sufficient to avoid humanly perceivable flicker.

2. The device of claim 1, further comprising control means connected to the pen sense control means and the display control means for alternately enabling the pen sense control means to produce position signals, so as to provide input pen position sensing at a sufficiently rapid rate to accommodate high input resolution for graphics, and enabling the display control means to energize the selected display elements, so as to refresh the display elements at a frequency sufficient to avoid humanly perceivable flicker. 6. The device of claim 2, further comprising: a plurality of function select regions incorporated into the display means, the regions being selectively activated by the user touching a given region with the input pen means, the pen sense control means being responsive to the given region being touched for producing a position signal indicative of a selected function; and graphics processing means connected to the control means and responsive to the position signal indicative of the selected function for executing a predetermined routine.

15. A method according to claim 14, wherein the step of receiving uses a speech pre-processor which further comprises a feature extractor for extracting relevant speech parameters and producing the speech-related signal.

15. A method according to claim 14, wherein the step of receiving uses a speech pre-processor which further comprises a feature extractor for extracting relevant speech parameters and producing the speech-related signal. 16. A method according to claim 15, wherein the feature extractor includes a codebook created using speech data from the plurality of languages, and wherein the feature extractor uses vector quantization such that the speech-related signal is a sequence of feature vectors.

8. A system comprising: one or more computers configured to perform operations comprising: receiving, at a search service configured to provide both general search results and social search results for a collection of available social pages hosted by a social site, a search input including one or more search terms; determining that the search input includes a particular token in addition to the one or more search terms, the particular token including one or more particular text characters adjacent to the one or more search terms in the search input, the particular token being a trigger to the search service to search for social pages associated with the one or more search terms; identifying a particular social page hosted by the social site and responsive to the search input, including: determining that the one or more search terms identify a particular entity; searching a collection of available social pages hosted by the social site for both social pages responsive to the search input and for social pages that are associated with the particular entity; and as a result of searching the collection of available social pages, identifying the particular social page, including determining that the particular entity is associated with the particular social page hosted by the social site and that the particular social page is a verified social page verified to be associated with the particular entity on the social site by the particular entity; and in response to determining that the search input includes the particular token adjacent to the one or more search terms and determining that the particular entity is associated with the particular social page, providing a search result resource referencing the particular social page without providing general search results responsive to the one or more search terms.

8. A system comprising: one or more computers configured to perform operations comprising: receiving, at a search service configured to provide both general search results and social search results for a collection of available social pages hosted by a social site, a search input including one or more search terms; determining that the search input includes a particular token in addition to the one or more search terms, the particular token including one or more particular text characters adjacent to the one or more search terms in the search input, the particular token being a trigger to the search service to search for social pages associated with the one or more search terms; identifying a particular social page hosted by the social site and responsive to the search input, including: determining that the one or more search terms identify a particular entity; searching a collection of available social pages hosted by the social site for both social pages responsive to the search input and for social pages that are associated with the particular entity; and as a result of searching the collection of available social pages, identifying the particular social page, including determining that the particular entity is associated with the particular social page hosted by the social site and that the particular social page is a verified social page verified to be associated with the particular entity on the social site by the particular entity; and in response to determining that the search input includes the particular token adjacent to the one or more search terms and determining that the particular entity is associated with the particular social page, providing a search result resource referencing the particular social page without providing general search results responsive to the one or more search terms. 12. The system of claim 8 , wherein the one or more search terms and the particular token are provided by a user voice input.

1. A method of debugging, comprising: receiving by a hardware debug server executing on a computer system, a first high-level language (HLL) debugging command for setting a breakpoint in an HLL software specification; translating by the hardware debug server, the first HLL debugging command into a first hardware debugging command that specifies a condition of a hardware finite state machine that is representation of the software specification; inputting the first hardware debugging command to a simulator executing on the computer system; adding a conditional breakpoint on the finite state machine by the simulator in response to the first hardware debugging command; executing a simulation of the finite state machine representation; suspending execution of the simulation in response to detecting the condition in the finite state machine; inputting by the hardware debug server, debugging information associated with the HLL software specification; inputting by the hardware debug server, debugging information that provides a mapping of elements of the HLL software specification to elements of the hardware finite state machine; and cross-referencing the debugging information associated with the HLL software specification with the mapping of the elements of the HLL software specification to the elements of the hardware finite state machine in a database, wherein the translating includes determining from the database an element of the hardware finite state machine, cross-referenced with a HLL statement specified in the first HLL debugging command.

1. A method of debugging, comprising: receiving by a hardware debug server executing on a computer system, a first high-level language (HLL) debugging command for setting a breakpoint in an HLL software specification; translating by the hardware debug server, the first HLL debugging command into a first hardware debugging command that specifies a condition of a hardware finite state machine that is representation of the software specification; inputting the first hardware debugging command to a simulator executing on the computer system; adding a conditional breakpoint on the finite state machine by the simulator in response to the first hardware debugging command; executing a simulation of the finite state machine representation; suspending execution of the simulation in response to detecting the condition in the finite state machine; inputting by the hardware debug server, debugging information associated with the HLL software specification; inputting by the hardware debug server, debugging information that provides a mapping of elements of the HLL software specification to elements of the hardware finite state machine; and cross-referencing the debugging information associated with the HLL software specification with the mapping of the elements of the HLL software specification to the elements of the hardware finite state machine in a database, wherein the translating includes determining from the database an element of the hardware finite state machine, cross-referenced with a HLL statement specified in the first HLL debugging command. 2. The method of claim 1 , further comprising: determining, in response to suspending execution of the simulation, a statement of the HLL software specification that corresponds to the condition in the hardware finite state machine; and outputting data indicating the statement of the HLL software specification.

8. A computer-readable storage medium having computer-executable instructions stored thereon which, when executed by a computer system, cause the computer system to perform a method comprising: traversing an iterator through at least a portion of at least one postings list in response to at least one search request, wherein the iterator includes fixed state information that remains constant over a life of the iterator, and dynamic state information that is updated over the life of the iterator, wherein the iterator includes a storage structure associated with the iterator for storing a representation of the dynamic state information, wherein a stack structure includes a pima it of entries for storing the representation of the dynamic state information in one of the entries and for storing at least a further representation of a further instance of the dynamic state information in a further one of the entries, wherein the storage structure further includes a representation of at least one checkpoint, and wherein the checkpoint represents at least one instance of the dynamic state information at a particular point during the iterator traversing through at least the portion of the postings list while performing a search; updating at least one instance of the dynamic state information as the iterator traverses through at least the portion of the postings list while performing the search; and evaluating whether to restore the iterator to a previous state represented by the dynamic state information represented by the checkpoint.

8. A computer-readable storage medium having computer-executable instructions stored thereon which, when executed by a computer system, cause the computer system to perform a method comprising: traversing an iterator through at least a portion of at least one postings list in response to at least one search request, wherein the iterator includes fixed state information that remains constant over a life of the iterator, and dynamic state information that is updated over the life of the iterator, wherein the iterator includes a storage structure associated with the iterator for storing a representation of the dynamic state information, wherein a stack structure includes a pima it of entries for storing the representation of the dynamic state information in one of the entries and for storing at least a further representation of a further instance of the dynamic state information in a further one of the entries, wherein the storage structure further includes a representation of at least one checkpoint, and wherein the checkpoint represents at least one instance of the dynamic state information at a particular point during the iterator traversing through at least the portion of the postings list while performing a search; updating at least one instance of the dynamic state information as the iterator traverses through at least the portion of the postings list while performing the search; and evaluating whether to restore the iterator to a previous state represented by the dynamic state information represented by the checkpoint. 14. The storage medium of claim 8 , wherein the instructions for evaluating whether to restore the iterator include instructions for directing the iterator to restore dynamic state information from at least one previously-stored checkpoint.

8. A computer program product for processing a request for a document that is unavailable on a network comprising: a computer readable storage medium having computer readable program code embodied therewith for execution on a processing system, the computer readable program code comprising computer readable program code configured to: process a request for a previously accessed document from a corresponding link by: sending the request to a location on the network of a source storing the previously accessed document; receiving a response from the source including one of: an error message, and content accessed by the source based on the request; analyzing the response and determining that the previously accessed document is unavailable on the network when one of: the response includes the error message, and the response includes the accessed content and a number of different words between the accessed content and stored content of the previously accessed document from a prior access exceeds a predetermined value; and in response to the previously accessed document being unavailable on the network, generating a query and identifying a plurality of alternative documents on the network with content pertaining to content of the previously accessed document and relating to a network group of users, wherein the network group of users is associated with a subject matter, and wherein the query includes first keywords from metadata associated with the previously accessed document and second keywords pertaining to one or more interests of the network group of users in the subject matter; present the identified alternative documents as a result of the request for the previously accessed document when the analyzing indicates that the previously accessed document is unavailable on the network; and replace the corresponding link, when the previously accessed document is unavailable on the network, with a link to a presented alternative document based on a degree of confidence in the presented alternative document, determined from a quantity of user selections for the presented alternative document, wherein the presented alternative document is a most frequently selected alternative document of the identified alternative documents.

8. A computer program product for processing a request for a document that is unavailable on a network comprising: a computer readable storage medium having computer readable program code embodied therewith for execution on a processing system, the computer readable program code comprising computer readable program code configured to: process a request for a previously accessed document from a corresponding link by: sending the request to a location on the network of a source storing the previously accessed document; receiving a response from the source including one of: an error message, and content accessed by the source based on the request; analyzing the response and determining that the previously accessed document is unavailable on the network when one of: the response includes the error message, and the response includes the accessed content and a number of different words between the accessed content and stored content of the previously accessed document from a prior access exceeds a predetermined value; and in response to the previously accessed document being unavailable on the network, generating a query and identifying a plurality of alternative documents on the network with content pertaining to content of the previously accessed document and relating to a network group of users, wherein the network group of users is associated with a subject matter, and wherein the query includes first keywords from metadata associated with the previously accessed document and second keywords pertaining to one or more interests of the network group of users in the subject matter; present the identified alternative documents as a result of the request for the previously accessed document when the analyzing indicates that the previously accessed document is unavailable on the network; and replace the corresponding link, when the previously accessed document is unavailable on the network, with a link to a presented alternative document based on a degree of confidence in the presented alternative document, determined from a quantity of user selections for the presented alternative document, wherein the presented alternative document is a most frequently selected alternative document of the identified alternative documents. 10. The computer program product of claim 8 , wherein the previously accessed document resides on a list indicating prior accessed documents and invoking requests for those prior accessed documents.

31. A computer implemented method for processing database content, the method comprising the steps of: receiving one or more data objects associated with a database at one or more remote computers; parsing one or more source documents to identify at least one term based on one or more predetermined rules; identifying content for the at least one term; linking the content with the at least one term; and automatically associating the at least one term in the one or more source documents with at least one link; wherein the at least one link denotes an association between the at least one term and the linked content; wherein the one or more data objects associated with the database provide a representation of at least a portion of the database at the one or more remote computers; and wherein the linked content is displayed on a user interface based upon a user interaction with at least a portion of the one or more source documents.

31. A computer implemented method for processing database content, the method comprising the steps of: receiving one or more data objects associated with a database at one or more remote computers; parsing one or more source documents to identify at least one term based on one or more predetermined rules; identifying content for the at least one term; linking the content with the at least one term; and automatically associating the at least one term in the one or more source documents with at least one link; wherein the at least one link denotes an association between the at least one term and the linked content; wherein the one or more data objects associated with the database provide a representation of at least a portion of the database at the one or more remote computers; and wherein the linked content is displayed on a user interface based upon a user interaction with at least a portion of the one or more source documents. 36. The method of claim 31 , wherein the user interaction comprises a user clicking the at least one term with a mouse cursor.

20. A system for enabling in-context authoring of substitute content for one or more non-textual objects, comprising: a memory to access an electronic document comprising content data; and an in-context editor to facilitate in-context editing of substitute content corresponding to a non-textual object, comprising: an interactive input device to select a segment of at least part of the content data, to obtain the non-textual object from a data source and to associate the non-textual object with the content data segment; and an interactive output device to substitute the non-textual object for the content data segment and store the content data segment as the substitute content for the non-textual object.

20. A system for enabling in-context authoring of substitute content for one or more non-textual objects, comprising: a memory to access an electronic document comprising content data; and an in-context editor to facilitate in-context editing of substitute content corresponding to a non-textual object, comprising: an interactive input device to select a segment of at least part of the content data, to obtain the non-textual object from a data source and to associate the non-textual object with the content data segment; and an interactive output device to substitute the non-textual object for the content data segment and store the content data segment as the substitute content for the non-textual object. 22. A system according to claim 20 , wherein the electronic document is in a format selected from the group comprising HTML, XHTML, XML, OpenDocument, Word file format, and PDF.

9. A method comprising: receiving using one or more computer processors, from a comments website, an input that includes a plurality of comments related to a target entity, each comment of the plurality of comments including an overall rating related to the target entity and at least one phrase that includes a head term and a modifier associated with the head term that is represented by a bag of phrases; identifying a plurality of aspect clusters based on a plurality of comments, wherein each aspect cluster of the plurality of aspect clusters corresponds to an aspect of the target entity the identifying of the plurality of aspect clusters includes: identifying the head term in the at least one phrase of a portion of the comments in the plurality of comments, and mapping each head term to one of a plurality of aspect clusters; determining an aspect rating corresponding to each of the aspect clusters and the corresponding aspect of the target entity based on an aggregation of the overall ratings in the portion of the plurality of comments, the aspect rating including a numerical measure showing a degree of satisfaction demonstrated in the portion of comments towards the aspect; extracting, from the portion of comments, a representative phrase corresponding of the aspects that supports or explains the aspect rating; generating an output that includes the overall ratings of the portion of comments decomposed into two or more of the aspects of the target entity, the aspects having associated therewith the representative phrases with support information that serve as indices to navigate into a set of specific comments about a particular aspect of the two or more of the aspects; and causing presentation of the generated output on a client machine, to tailor comments related to the target entity to the generated output instead of overall ratings.

9. A method comprising: receiving using one or more computer processors, from a comments website, an input that includes a plurality of comments related to a target entity, each comment of the plurality of comments including an overall rating related to the target entity and at least one phrase that includes a head term and a modifier associated with the head term that is represented by a bag of phrases; identifying a plurality of aspect clusters based on a plurality of comments, wherein each aspect cluster of the plurality of aspect clusters corresponds to an aspect of the target entity the identifying of the plurality of aspect clusters includes: identifying the head term in the at least one phrase of a portion of the comments in the plurality of comments, and mapping each head term to one of a plurality of aspect clusters; determining an aspect rating corresponding to each of the aspect clusters and the corresponding aspect of the target entity based on an aggregation of the overall ratings in the portion of the plurality of comments, the aspect rating including a numerical measure showing a degree of satisfaction demonstrated in the portion of comments towards the aspect; extracting, from the portion of comments, a representative phrase corresponding of the aspects that supports or explains the aspect rating; generating an output that includes the overall ratings of the portion of comments decomposed into two or more of the aspects of the target entity, the aspects having associated therewith the representative phrases with support information that serve as indices to navigate into a set of specific comments about a particular aspect of the two or more of the aspects; and causing presentation of the generated output on a client machine, to tailor comments related to the target entity to the generated output instead of overall ratings. 16. The method of claim 9 , wherein the identifying of the plurality of the aspect clusters is based on a topic model corresponding to a respective aspect cluster.

21. The method of claim 18 , wherein the act of generating the plurality of marketing campaigns comprises an act of taking a cross-product of the positive keywords and the geographical modifier keywords.

21. The method of claim 18 , wherein the act of generating the plurality of marketing campaigns comprises an act of taking a cross-product of the positive keywords and the geographical modifier keywords. 22. The method of claim 21 , wherein the act of generating the plurality of marketing campaigns further comprises placing a bid with a search engine for each concatenation of a positive keyword and geographical modifier keyword.

1. A method for developing a scene model from a visual image sequence containing a sequence of visual image frames, the visual image sequence including a visual representation of one or more visual objects, the method comprising the steps of: (a) analyzing portions of the visual image sequence in accordance with input parameters using a machine vision process by performing the steps of: (i) defining an image-based data object in an image-based model of the visual image sequence containing a pixel representation corresponding to a portion of at least one frame of the visual image sequence; (ii) defining an abstraction-based data object in an abstraction-based model of the visual objects containing an abstract representation of at least a portion of one of the visual objects represented by the visual image sequence; and (iii) storing a link data object in a correlation mesh data structure indicating a correspondence between the image-based data object and the abstraction-based data object; (b) refining an abstraction-based model of the visual imago sequence by performing the steps of: (i) accepting input parameters to define in the abstraction-based model of the visual objects a new abstraction-based data object containing a new abstract representation of at least a portion of one of the visual objects contained in the visual image sequence that differs from the abstract representations contained in abstraction-based objects defined in the analysis step (a); and (ii) adding a link object in the correlation mesh data structure indicating a correspondence between the new abstraction-based data object and another data object defined in the scene model; and (c) iteratively improving the scene model by performing certain selected ones of steps (a) through (b) in an order as specified by user input until a desired level of refinement is obtained in the scene model such that selected link objects in the correlation mesh data structure added in iterations of the refining step (b) are used to provide additional input parameters to subsequent iterations thereby allowing the scene model to converge.

1. A method for developing a scene model from a visual image sequence containing a sequence of visual image frames, the visual image sequence including a visual representation of one or more visual objects, the method comprising the steps of: (a) analyzing portions of the visual image sequence in accordance with input parameters using a machine vision process by performing the steps of: (i) defining an image-based data object in an image-based model of the visual image sequence containing a pixel representation corresponding to a portion of at least one frame of the visual image sequence; (ii) defining an abstraction-based data object in an abstraction-based model of the visual objects containing an abstract representation of at least a portion of one of the visual objects represented by the visual image sequence; and (iii) storing a link data object in a correlation mesh data structure indicating a correspondence between the image-based data object and the abstraction-based data object; (b) refining an abstraction-based model of the visual imago sequence by performing the steps of: (i) accepting input parameters to define in the abstraction-based model of the visual objects a new abstraction-based data object containing a new abstract representation of at least a portion of one of the visual objects contained in the visual image sequence that differs from the abstract representations contained in abstraction-based objects defined in the analysis step (a); and (ii) adding a link object in the correlation mesh data structure indicating a correspondence between the new abstraction-based data object and another data object defined in the scene model; and (c) iteratively improving the scene model by performing certain selected ones of steps (a) through (b) in an order as specified by user input until a desired level of refinement is obtained in the scene model such that selected link objects in the correlation mesh data structure added in iterations of the refining step (b) are used to provide additional input parameters to subsequent iterations thereby allowing the scene model to converge. 2. A method as in claim 1 wherein the abstraction-based objects comprise motion path models of the motion of a visual object from frame to frame.

7. A computer-readable memory device not consisting of a propagated data signal, the computer-readable memory device storing instructions that, when executed on a processor of a device, cause the device to evaluate a dialogue with a user, by: generating a dialogue hypothesis set comprising at least two dialogue hypotheses respectively having a hypothesis probability; ranking the dialogue hypothesis set according to the hypothesis probabilities; after the ranking, upon identifying a low-ranking dialogue hypothesis having a hypothesis probability below a hypothesis retention threshold, discarding the low-ranking dialogue hypothesis; in response to the discarding, adjust the hypothesis probabilities of the respective dialogue hypotheses using a knowledge source; after the adjusting, re-rank the dialogue hypothesis set according to the hypothesis probabilities; and for a high-ranking dialogue hypothesis having a hypothesis probability exceeding a hypothesis confidence threshold, execute an action fulfilling the high-ranking dialogue hypothesis, wherein executing the action comprises presenting to the user information associated with the high-ranking dialogue hypothesis.

7. A computer-readable memory device not consisting of a propagated data signal, the computer-readable memory device storing instructions that, when executed on a processor of a device, cause the device to evaluate a dialogue with a user, by: generating a dialogue hypothesis set comprising at least two dialogue hypotheses respectively having a hypothesis probability; ranking the dialogue hypothesis set according to the hypothesis probabilities; after the ranking, upon identifying a low-ranking dialogue hypothesis having a hypothesis probability below a hypothesis retention threshold, discarding the low-ranking dialogue hypothesis; in response to the discarding, adjust the hypothesis probabilities of the respective dialogue hypotheses using a knowledge source; after the adjusting, re-rank the dialogue hypothesis set according to the hypothesis probabilities; and for a high-ranking dialogue hypothesis having a hypothesis probability exceeding a hypothesis confidence threshold, execute an action fulfilling the high-ranking dialogue hypothesis, wherein executing the action comprises presenting to the user information associated with the high-ranking dialogue hypothesis. 8. The computer-readable memory device of claim 7 , wherein the instructions, when executed on the processor, further cause the device to, upon identifying an error in response to an action fulfilling the high-ranking dialogue hypothesis, reduce the hypothesis probability of the high-ranking dialogue hypothesis.

1. A machine-implemented method comprising: searching a first set of one or more unstructured data sources on one or more initial search terms using a search engine; receiving one or more search hits from the searching of the first set of unstructured data sources; retrieving one or more terms from the search hits; extracting one or more entities from the search hits corresponding to the retrieved one or more terms; automatically constructing one or more structured queries using the one or more extracted entities as one or more fields and the corresponding one or more terms as one or more search parameters within the fields; querying one or more structured data sources using the one or more structured queries; receiving one or more query results from the querying; analyzing the one or more query results based on cardinality of the query results, wherein the analyzing further comprises comparing each of the one or more query results to a common terms data store and a generic terms data store, and determining that a selected query result from the one or more query results is a non-common, non-generic term; searching a second set of one or more unstructured data sources using the selected query result as a search term using the search engine; and recording the one or more search hits and the one or more extracted entities in a results data store.

1. A machine-implemented method comprising: searching a first set of one or more unstructured data sources on one or more initial search terms using a search engine; receiving one or more search hits from the searching of the first set of unstructured data sources; retrieving one or more terms from the search hits; extracting one or more entities from the search hits corresponding to the retrieved one or more terms; automatically constructing one or more structured queries using the one or more extracted entities as one or more fields and the corresponding one or more terms as one or more search parameters within the fields; querying one or more structured data sources using the one or more structured queries; receiving one or more query results from the querying; analyzing the one or more query results based on cardinality of the query results, wherein the analyzing further comprises comparing each of the one or more query results to a common terms data store and a generic terms data store, and determining that a selected query result from the one or more query results is a non-common, non-generic term; searching a second set of one or more unstructured data sources using the selected query result as a search term using the search engine; and recording the one or more search hits and the one or more extracted entities in a results data store. 5. The method of claim 1 further comprising: determining that one or more of the query results are common terms by comparing each of the query results against the common terms data store; skipping each of the query results that are determined to be common terms; processing the query results that are determined to be non-common terms, the processing including determining that one or more of the non-common terms are generic terms by comparing each of the non-common terms to the generic terms data store; skipping each of the query results that are determined to be generic terms; and searching each of the query results that are determined to be both non-common and non-generic terms using the second set of one or more unstructured data sources by utilizing the search engine.

7. The EPG generating method according to claim 6 , wherein the step of generating the match score comprises: comparing the optimum keyword groups with the program description to generate a plurality of occurrence frequencies of keywords of the optimum keyword group in the program description by the processor; dividing the occurrence frequencies by the keyword counts of the optimum keyword groups respectively to generate a plurality of values by the processor; and calculating an average value of the values to generate the match score by the processor.

7. The EPG generating method according to claim 6 , wherein the step of generating the match score comprises: comparing the optimum keyword groups with the program description to generate a plurality of occurrence frequencies of keywords of the optimum keyword group in the program description by the processor; dividing the occurrence frequencies by the keyword counts of the optimum keyword groups respectively to generate a plurality of values by the processor; and calculating an average value of the values to generate the match score by the processor. 8. The EPG generating method according to claim 7 , wherein the step of finding the maximum clique comprises: constructing a relation matrix of the undirected graph by the processor; constructing at least one sub-relation matrix according to the relation matrix by the processor, wherein the dimension of the sub-relation matrix is less than or equal to the dimension of the relation matrix; calculating a sum of matrix elements of the sub-relation matrix by the processor; determining whether the sum of matrix elements is equal to the square of the dimension of the sub-relation matrix by the processor; and the sub-relation matrix is one of the maximum cliques when the sum of matrix elements is equal the square of the dimension of to the sub-relation matrix.

11. A metadata search interface system comprising: a first component for accessing a configuration file for said metadata search interface and determining a display element corresponding to a predicate of a query, said first component further for displaying said display element in said metadata search interface, said predicate supporting full text searches and corresponding to a where clause that supports multiple nested predicate types; and a second component at least partially executed by a processor for accessing a value describing a search parameter and for accessing a control associated with said predicate which describes a correlation between said value and said predicate of said metadata search interface, said second component further for automatically generating a metadata query based upon said predicate and said value.

11. A metadata search interface system comprising: a first component for accessing a configuration file for said metadata search interface and determining a display element corresponding to a predicate of a query, said first component further for displaying said display element in said metadata search interface, said predicate supporting full text searches and corresponding to a where clause that supports multiple nested predicate types; and a second component at least partially executed by a processor for accessing a value describing a search parameter and for accessing a control associated with said predicate which describes a correlation between said value and said predicate of said metadata search interface, said second component further for automatically generating a metadata query based upon said predicate and said value. 12. The metadata search interface system of claim 11 wherein said first component is further for automatically displaying said metadata search interface in runtime based upon at least one of said predicates within said configuration file.

2. The method of claim 1 , further comprising: receiving an output message in a CLI format from the routing system responsive to the transmitted CLI command; translating the output message from the CLI format into the XML format having the CLI syntax; and transmitting the output message in the XML format having the CLI syntax to a remote device external from the routing system.

2. The method of claim 1 , further comprising: receiving an output message in a CLI format from the routing system responsive to the transmitted CLI command; translating the output message from the CLI format into the XML format having the CLI syntax; and transmitting the output message in the XML format having the CLI syntax to a remote device external from the routing system. 4. The method of claim 2 , further comprising: determining the output message received from the routing system is a CLI command having a CLI format; traversing the parse graph to locate one or more nodes that correspond to the CLI command; accessing an XML data model to identify object or attribute definition that corresponds to located nodes; and constructing a translated output message from the corresponding objects or attributes.

29. The computer-implemented method of claim 26 , wherein automatically detecting the data type incompatibility includes automatically comparing type interfaces of two actions.

29. The computer-implemented method of claim 26 , wherein automatically detecting the data type incompatibility includes automatically comparing type interfaces of two actions. 31. The computer-implemented method of claim 29 , wherein one of the type interfaces employs a reverse-Domain Name Service naming convention.

16. The method of claim 1 , further comprising: displaying the estimated similarity value through a user interface.

16. The method of claim 1 , further comprising: displaying the estimated similarity value through a user interface. 17. The method of claim 16 , wherein said displaying the similarity value includes: determining that the similarity value exceeds a similarity threshold value.

23. A computing device configured to monitor content of network traffic, the computing device comprising: a processor; memory coupled to the processor; a port coupled to an external network; and computer code executable using the processor and the memory and operable to analyze linguistic patterns in the network traffic content and thereby identify network traffic on the external network by comparing the linguistic patterns in the network traffic to known linguistic patterns.

23. A computing device configured to monitor content of network traffic, the computing device comprising: a processor; memory coupled to the processor; a port coupled to an external network; and computer code executable using the processor and the memory and operable to analyze linguistic patterns in the network traffic content and thereby identify network traffic on the external network by comparing the linguistic patterns in the network traffic to known linguistic patterns. 27. The computing device of claim 23 wherein the computer code is operable to detect network traffic associated with unauthorized access attempts made to a network resource other than the computing device itself.

10. A method of detecting text in a television video display table, comprising: saving a frame of video representing an image to a memory device; determining that the frame of video contains a table having cells containing text by detecting rectangular shapes of size adequate to contain legible text; storing a working copy of the frame of video to a memory; isolating text in the table by: removing any table boundaries from the image; removing any cell boundaries from the image by matching a display to a template in order to locate the boundaries; determining if the image has three dimensional or shadow attributes in the table boundaries or cell boundaries and removing any three dimensional or shadow attributes identified, wherein determining if the image has three dimensional or shadow attributes in the table boundaries or cell boundaries is carried out by finding line patterns adjacent and outside table or cell boundaries that track a table or cell boundary; where determining if a cell has three dimensional or shadow attributes is carried out by subtracting a variable rectangular band of pixels from other cell values to see what size band maximizes cancellation in order to distinguish the cell from the text area; thereby producing text isolated against a contrasting color background; and processing the isolated text using an optical character recognition (OCR) engine to extract the text as data to a metadata database.

10. A method of detecting text in a television video display table, comprising: saving a frame of video representing an image to a memory device; determining that the frame of video contains a table having cells containing text by detecting rectangular shapes of size adequate to contain legible text; storing a working copy of the frame of video to a memory; isolating text in the table by: removing any table boundaries from the image; removing any cell boundaries from the image by matching a display to a template in order to locate the boundaries; determining if the image has three dimensional or shadow attributes in the table boundaries or cell boundaries and removing any three dimensional or shadow attributes identified, wherein determining if the image has three dimensional or shadow attributes in the table boundaries or cell boundaries is carried out by finding line patterns adjacent and outside table or cell boundaries that track a table or cell boundary; where determining if a cell has three dimensional or shadow attributes is carried out by subtracting a variable rectangular band of pixels from other cell values to see what size band maximizes cancellation in order to distinguish the cell from the text area; thereby producing text isolated against a contrasting color background; and processing the isolated text using an optical character recognition (OCR) engine to extract the text as data to a metadata database. 11. The method according to claim 10 , further comprising converting the text isolated against a contrasting color background to black text on a white background.