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Autumn-Born Children Better at Sports Says Study

Do you want your child to be good at sports, make the school team and, maybe one day, even compete on the world stage? Well, try to ensure that your would-be Olympian or World Cup winner is born in November or, failing that, in October. A study has found that school pupils born in those months are fitter than everyone else in their class. November- and October-born children emerged as fitter, stronger and more powerful than their peers born in the other ten months of the year, especially those whose birthdays fell in April or June. Dr. Gavin Sandercock, who is from the Center for Sports and Exercise Science at Essex University and led the study, found that autumn-born children enjoyed “a clear physical advantage” over their classmates.

0Adv

Who is Gavin Sandercock?

Autumn-Born Children Better at Sports Says Study

Do you want your child to be good at sports, make the school team and, maybe one day, even compete on the world stage? Well, try to ensure that your would-be Olympian or World Cup winner is born in November or, failing that, in October. A study has found that school pupils born in those months are fitter than everyone else in their class. November- and October-born children emerged as fitter, stronger and more powerful than their peers born in the other ten months of the year, especially those whose birthdays fell in April or June. Dr. Gavin Sandercock, who is from the Center for Sports and Exercise Science at Essex University and led the study, found that autumn-born children enjoyed “a clear physical advantage” over their classmates.

0Adv

Who does the article suggest to be the weakest in comparison with children born in October and November?

Autumn-Born Children Better at Sports Says Study

Do you want your child to be good at sports, play for the school team and, maybe one day, even compete in international competitions? Well, try to make sure that your future Olympian or World Cup winner is born in November or October. A study has found that school pupils born in those months are fitter than everyone else in their class. November- and October-born children were fitter, stronger and more powerful than those born in the other ten months of the year, especially those whose birthdays were in April or June. Dr. Gavin Sandercock of Essex University found in his study that autumn-born children had “a clear physical advantage” over their classmates.

1Int

What does the study say about the fitness of children born in April or June?

Autumn-Born Children Better at Sports Says Study

Do you want your child to be good at sports, play for the school team and, maybe one day, even compete in international competitions? Well, try to make sure that your future Olympian or World Cup winner is born in November or October. A study has found that school pupils born in those months are fitter than everyone else in their class. November- and October-born children were fitter, stronger and more powerful than those born in the other ten months of the year, especially those whose birthdays were in April or June. Dr. Gavin Sandercock of Essex University found in his study that autumn-born children had “a clear physical advantage” over their classmates.

1Int

Who is Gavin Sandercock?

Autumn-Born Children Better at Sports Says Study

Do you want your child to be good at sports, play for the school team and, maybe one day, even compete in international competitions? Well, try to make sure that your future Olympian or World Cup winner is born in November or October. A study has found that school pupils born in those months are fitter than everyone else in their class. November- and October-born children were fitter, stronger and more powerful than those born in the other ten months of the year, especially those whose birthdays were in April or June. Dr. Gavin Sandercock of Essex University found in his study that autumn-born children had “a clear physical advantage” over their classmates.

1Int

Who does the article suggest to be the weakest in comparison with children born in October and November?

Autumn-Born Children Better at Sports Says Study

Do you want your child to be good at sports, play for the school team and, maybe one day, even be in international competitions? Well, try to make sure that your child is born in November or October. A study has found that schoolchildren born in November or October are fitter than everyone else in their class. Children born in November or October were fitter, stronger and more powerful than children born in the other ten months of the year. They are especially fitter, stronger and more powerful than children with birthdays in April or June. Dr. Gavin Sandercock of Essex University found in his study that children born in the autumn had “a clear physical advantage” over their classmates.

2Ele

What does the study say about the fitness of children born in April or June?

Autumn-Born Children Better at Sports Says Study

Do you want your child to be good at sports, play for the school team and, maybe one day, even be in international competitions? Well, try to make sure that your child is born in November or October. A study has found that schoolchildren born in November or October are fitter than everyone else in their class. Children born in November or October were fitter, stronger and more powerful than children born in the other ten months of the year. They are especially fitter, stronger and more powerful than children with birthdays in April or June. Dr. Gavin Sandercock of Essex University found in his study that children born in the autumn had “a clear physical advantage” over their classmates.

2Ele

Who is Gavin Sandercock?

Autumn-Born Children Better at Sports Says Study

Do you want your child to be good at sports, play for the school team and, maybe one day, even be in international competitions? Well, try to make sure that your child is born in November or October. A study has found that schoolchildren born in November or October are fitter than everyone else in their class. Children born in November or October were fitter, stronger and more powerful than children born in the other ten months of the year. They are especially fitter, stronger and more powerful than children with birthdays in April or June. Dr. Gavin Sandercock of Essex University found in his study that children born in the autumn had “a clear physical advantage” over their classmates.

2Ele

Who does the article suggest to be the weakest in comparison with children born in October and November?

Autumn-Born Children Better at Sports Says Study

The research involved 8,550 boys and girls aged between ten and 16 from 26 state schools in Essex. All were tested between 2007 and 2010 on three different measures of fitness: stamina, handgrip strength and lower-body power. The results revealed that a child’s month of birth could make “significant” differences to their levels of cardiovascular fitness, muscle strength and ability to accelerate, all of which predict how good someone is at sports, in which such attributes are vital. Performances at school sports days in the weeks ahead may bear out the findings. November-born children were the fittest overall as they had the most stamina and power and were the second strongest. Those born in October were almost as fit, scoring highest for strength and coming third for power, with December children close behind.

0Adv

What did the study find about stamina, handgrip strength and lower-body power of children?

Autumn-Born Children Better at Sports Says Study

The research involved 8,550 boys and girls aged between ten and 16 from 26 state schools in Essex. All were tested between 2007 and 2010 on three different measures of fitness: stamina, handgrip strength and lower-body power. The results revealed that a child’s month of birth could make “significant” differences to their levels of cardiovascular fitness, muscle strength and ability to accelerate, all of which predict how good someone is at sports, in which such attributes are vital. Performances at school sports days in the weeks ahead may bear out the findings. November-born children were the fittest overall as they had the most stamina and power and were the second strongest. Those born in October were almost as fit, scoring highest for strength and coming third for power, with December children close behind.

0Adv

What were the study’s conclusions concerning the stamina, power, and strength of November children compared to other children?

Autumn-Born Children Better at Sports Says Study

The research involved 8,550 boys and girls aged between ten and 16 from 26 state schools in Essex. All were tested between 2007 and 2010 on three different measures of fitness: stamina, handgrip strength and lower-body power. The results revealed that a child’s month of birth could make “significant” differences to their levels of cardiovascular fitness, muscle strength and ability to accelerate, all of which predict how good someone is at sports, in which such attributes are vital. Performances at school sports days in the weeks ahead may bear out the findings. November-born children were the fittest overall as they had the most stamina and power and were the second strongest. Those born in October were almost as fit, scoring highest for strength and coming third for power, with December children close behind.

0Adv

What was one measure the scientists used to assess the children’s fitness?

Autumn-Born Children Better at Sports Says Study

The research involved 8,550 boys and girls aged between ten and 16 from 26 state schools in Essex. All were tested between 2007 and 2010 on three different measures of fitness: stamina, handgrip strength and lower-body power. The results revealed that a child’s month of birth could make “significant” differences to their levels of cardiovascular fitness, muscle strength and ability to accelerate, all of which predict how good someone is at sports. November-born children were the fittest overall as they had the most stamina and power and were the second strongest. Those born in October were almost as fit, scoring highest for strength and coming third for power, with December children close behind.

1Int

What did the study find about stamina, handgrip strength and lower-body power of children?

Autumn-Born Children Better at Sports Says Study

The research involved 8,550 boys and girls aged between ten and 16 from 26 state schools in Essex. All were tested between 2007 and 2010 on three different measures of fitness: stamina, handgrip strength and lower-body power. The results revealed that a child’s month of birth could make “significant” differences to their levels of cardiovascular fitness, muscle strength and ability to accelerate, all of which predict how good someone is at sports. November-born children were the fittest overall as they had the most stamina and power and were the second strongest. Those born in October were almost as fit, scoring highest for strength and coming third for power, with December children close behind.

1Int

What were the study’s conclusions concerning the stamina, power, and strength of November children compared to other children?

Autumn-Born Children Better at Sports Says Study

The research involved 8,550 boys and girls aged between ten and 16 from 26 state schools in Essex. All were tested between 2007 and 2010 on three different measures of fitness: stamina, handgrip strength and lower-body power. The results revealed that a child’s month of birth could make “significant” differences to their levels of cardiovascular fitness, muscle strength and ability to accelerate, all of which predict how good someone is at sports. November-born children were the fittest overall as they had the most stamina and power and were the second strongest. Those born in October were almost as fit, scoring highest for strength and coming third for power, with December children close behind.

1Int

What was one measure the scientists used to assess the children’s fitness?

Autumn-Born Children Better at Sports Says Study

The research involved 8,550 boys and girls aged between ten and 16 from 26 state schools in Essex. All were tested between 2007 and 2010 on three different things: stamina, handgrip strength and lower-body power. The results showed that a child’s month of birth could make big differences to their levels of fitness, muscle strength and ability to accelerate, all of which predict how good someone is at sports. November children were the fittest because they had the most stamina and power and were the second strongest. Children born in October were almost as fit – they scored highest for strength and came third for power, with December children close behind.

2Ele

What did the study find about stamina, handgrip strength and lower-body power of children?

Autumn-Born Children Better at Sports Says Study

The research involved 8,550 boys and girls aged between ten and 16 from 26 state schools in Essex. All were tested between 2007 and 2010 on three different things: stamina, handgrip strength and lower-body power. The results showed that a child’s month of birth could make big differences to their levels of fitness, muscle strength and ability to accelerate, all of which predict how good someone is at sports. November children were the fittest because they had the most stamina and power and were the second strongest. Children born in October were almost as fit – they scored highest for strength and came third for power, with December children close behind.

2Ele

What were the study’s conclusions concerning the stamina, power, and strength of November children compared to other children?

Autumn-Born Children Better at Sports Says Study

The research involved 8,550 boys and girls aged between ten and 16 from 26 state schools in Essex. All were tested between 2007 and 2010 on three different things: stamina, handgrip strength and lower-body power. The results showed that a child’s month of birth could make big differences to their levels of fitness, muscle strength and ability to accelerate, all of which predict how good someone is at sports. November children were the fittest because they had the most stamina and power and were the second strongest. Children born in October were almost as fit – they scored highest for strength and came third for power, with December children close behind.

2Ele

What was one measure the scientists used to assess the children’s fitness?

Autumn-Born Children Better at Sports Says Study

The gap in physical prowess between children in the same class but born in different months was sometimes very wide. “For example, we found that a boy born in November can run at least 10% faster, jump 12% higher and is 15% more powerful than a child of the same age born in April. This is, potentially, a huge physical advantage,” said Sandercock. Such gaps could ultimately decide who became a top-level athlete because, as the paper says, “selection into elite sports may often depend on very small margins or differences in an individual’s physical performance”. The study, which has been published in the International Journal of Sports Medicine, found that, when scores for the three kinds of fitness were combined, those born in April were the least fit, then those in June. That could see those children excluded from school teams and becoming sporting underachievers, Sandercock said.

0Adv

What are percentages used for in the passage?

Autumn-Born Children Better at Sports Says Study

The gap in physical prowess between children in the same class but born in different months was sometimes very wide. “For example, we found that a boy born in November can run at least 10% faster, jump 12% higher and is 15% more powerful than a child of the same age born in April. This is, potentially, a huge physical advantage,” said Sandercock. Such gaps could ultimately decide who became a top-level athlete because, as the paper says, “selection into elite sports may often depend on very small margins or differences in an individual’s physical performance”. The study, which has been published in the International Journal of Sports Medicine, found that, when scores for the three kinds of fitness were combined, those born in April were the least fit, then those in June. That could see those children excluded from school teams and becoming sporting underachievers, Sandercock said.

0Adv

What can small differences in physical performance determine?

Autumn-Born Children Better at Sports Says Study

The gap in physical prowess between children in the same class but born in different months was sometimes very wide. “For example, we found that a boy born in November can run at least 10% faster, jump 12% higher and is 15% more powerful than a child of the same age born in April. This is, potentially, a huge physical advantage,” said Sandercock. Such gaps could ultimately decide who became a top-level athlete because, as the paper says, “selection into elite sports may often depend on very small margins or differences in an individual’s physical performance”. The study, which has been published in the International Journal of Sports Medicine, found that, when scores for the three kinds of fitness were combined, those born in April were the least fit, then those in June. That could see those children excluded from school teams and becoming sporting underachievers, Sandercock said.

0Adv

According to Sandercock, what does selection into elite sports often depend on?

Autumn-Born Children Better at Sports Says Study

The gap in physical ability between children in the same class but born in different months was sometimes very wide. “For example, we found that a boy born in November can run at least 10% faster, jump 12% higher and is 15% more powerful than a child of the same age born in April. This is, potentially, a huge physical advantage,” said Sandercock. Such gaps could decide who became a top-level athlete because, as the paper says, “selection into elite sports may often depend on very small margins or differences in an individual’s physical performance”. The study, which has been published in the International Journal of Sports Medicine, found that, when scores for the three kinds of fitness were combined, those born in April were the least fit, then those in June. That could see those children excluded from school teams and becoming sporting underachievers, Sandercock said.

1Int

What are percentages used for in the passage?

Autumn-Born Children Better at Sports Says Study

The gap in physical ability between children in the same class but born in different months was sometimes very wide. “For example, we found that a boy born in November can run at least 10% faster, jump 12% higher and is 15% more powerful than a child of the same age born in April. This is, potentially, a huge physical advantage,” said Sandercock. Such gaps could decide who became a top-level athlete because, as the paper says, “selection into elite sports may often depend on very small margins or differences in an individual’s physical performance”. The study, which has been published in the International Journal of Sports Medicine, found that, when scores for the three kinds of fitness were combined, those born in April were the least fit, then those in June. That could see those children excluded from school teams and becoming sporting underachievers, Sandercock said.

1Int

What can small differences in physical performance determine?

Autumn-Born Children Better at Sports Says Study

The gap in physical ability between children in the same class but born in different months was sometimes very wide. “For example, we found that a boy born in November can run at least 10% faster, jump 12% higher and is 15% more powerful than a child of the same age born in April. This is, potentially, a huge physical advantage,” said Sandercock. Such gaps could decide who became a top-level athlete because, as the paper says, “selection into elite sports may often depend on very small margins or differences in an individual’s physical performance”. The study, which has been published in the International Journal of Sports Medicine, found that, when scores for the three kinds of fitness were combined, those born in April were the least fit, then those in June. That could see those children excluded from school teams and becoming sporting underachievers, Sandercock said.

1Int

According to Sandercock, what does selection into elite sports often depend on?

Autumn-Born Children Better at Sports Says Study

The gap in physical ability between children in the same class but born in different months was sometimes very wide. “For example, we found that a boy born in November can run at least 10% faster, jump 12% higher and is 15% more powerful than a child of the same age born in April. This is a huge physical advantage,” said Sandercock. These gaps could decide who became a top-level athlete because “selection into elite sports may often depend on very small differences in a person’s physical performance”. The study found that, when scores for the three kinds of fitness were put together, children born in April were the least fit, followed by children born in June.

2Ele

What are percentages used for in the passage?

Autumn-Born Children Better at Sports Says Study

The gap in physical ability between children in the same class but born in different months was sometimes very wide. “For example, we found that a boy born in November can run at least 10% faster, jump 12% higher and is 15% more powerful than a child of the same age born in April. This is a huge physical advantage,” said Sandercock. These gaps could decide who became a top-level athlete because “selection into elite sports may often depend on very small differences in a person’s physical performance”. The study found that, when scores for the three kinds of fitness were put together, children born in April were the least fit, followed by children born in June.

2Ele

What can small differences in physical performance determine?

Autumn-Born Children Better at Sports Says Study

The gap in physical ability between children in the same class but born in different months was sometimes very wide. “For example, we found that a boy born in November can run at least 10% faster, jump 12% higher and is 15% more powerful than a child of the same age born in April. This is a huge physical advantage,” said Sandercock. These gaps could decide who became a top-level athlete because “selection into elite sports may often depend on very small differences in a person’s physical performance”. The study found that, when scores for the three kinds of fitness were put together, children born in April were the least fit, followed by children born in June.

2Ele

According to Sandercock, what does selection into elite sports often depend on?

Autumn-Born Children Better at Sports Says Study

The findings seem to show that children born in the early months of the school year enjoy a double “autumn advantage” – they are already known to have an academic advantage and, now, they also appear to be better equipped for sports, too. The authors believe that autumn-born children’s greater exposure over the summer months, towards the end of pregnancy, to vitamin D is the most likely explanation. John Steele, chief executive of the Youth Sport Trust, said the quality of a young person’s introduction to sports at school can be “a major factor” in their sporting development. “Children that get a high-quality first experience, which develops their physical literacy, are those that will have greater agility, balance and coordination, and are more likely to develop an enjoyment of physical activity and excel in sports as they grow up”, he said.

0Adv

What does the study say about vitamin D?

Autumn-Born Children Better at Sports Says Study

The findings seem to show that children born in the early months of the school year enjoy a double “autumn advantage” – they are already known to have an academic advantage and, now, they also appear to be better equipped for sports, too. The authors believe that autumn-born children’s greater exposure over the summer months, towards the end of pregnancy, to vitamin D is the most likely explanation. John Steele, chief executive of the Youth Sport Trust, said the quality of a young person’s introduction to sports at school can be “a major factor” in their sporting development. “Children that get a high-quality first experience, which develops their physical literacy, are those that will have greater agility, balance and coordination, and are more likely to develop an enjoyment of physical activity and excel in sports as they grow up”, he said.

0Adv

What is one effect of a high-quality first sports experience, according to Steele?

Autumn-Born Children Better at Sports Says Study

The findings seem to show that children born in the early months of the school year enjoy a double “autumn advantage” – they are already known to have an academic advantage and, now, they also appear to be better equipped for sports, too. The authors believe that autumn-born children’s greater exposure over the summer months, towards the end of pregnancy, to vitamin D is the most likely explanation. John Steele, chief executive of the Youth Sport Trust, said the quality of a young person’s introduction to sports at school can be “a major factor” in their sporting development. “Children that get a high-quality first experience, which develops their physical literacy, are those that will have greater agility, balance and coordination, and are more likely to develop an enjoyment of physical activity and excel in sports as they grow up”, he said.

0Adv

What does Steele say is “a major factor” in the development of a child’s athletic abilities?

Autumn-Born Children Better at Sports Says Study

The findings seem to show that children born in the early months of the school year enjoy a double “autumn advantage” – they are already known to have an academic advantage and, now, they also appear to be better equipped for sports, too. The authors believe that autumn-born children’s greater exposure over the summer months, towards the end of pregnancy, to vitamin D is the most likely explanation. John Steele, chief executive of the Youth Sport Trust, said the quality of a young person’s introduction to sports at school can be “a major factor” in their sporting development. “Children that get a high-quality first experience are those that will have greater agility, balance and coordination, and are more likely to develop an enjoyment of physical activity and excel in sports as they grow up”, he said.

1Int

What does the study say about vitamin D?

Autumn-Born Children Better at Sports Says Study

The findings seem to show that children born in the early months of the school year enjoy a double “autumn advantage” – they are already known to have an academic advantage and, now, they also appear to be better equipped for sports, too. The authors believe that autumn-born children’s greater exposure over the summer months, towards the end of pregnancy, to vitamin D is the most likely explanation. John Steele, chief executive of the Youth Sport Trust, said the quality of a young person’s introduction to sports at school can be “a major factor” in their sporting development. “Children that get a high-quality first experience are those that will have greater agility, balance and coordination, and are more likely to develop an enjoyment of physical activity and excel in sports as they grow up”, he said.

1Int

What is one effect of a high-quality first sports experience, according to Steele?

Autumn-Born Children Better at Sports Says Study

The findings seem to show that children born in the early months of the school year enjoy a double “autumn advantage” – they are already known to have an academic advantage and, now, they also appear to be better equipped for sports, too. The authors believe that autumn-born children’s greater exposure over the summer months, towards the end of pregnancy, to vitamin D is the most likely explanation. John Steele, chief executive of the Youth Sport Trust, said the quality of a young person’s introduction to sports at school can be “a major factor” in their sporting development. “Children that get a high-quality first experience are those that will have greater agility, balance and coordination, and are more likely to develop an enjoyment of physical activity and excel in sports as they grow up”, he said.

1Int

What does Steele say is “a major factor” in the development of a child’s athletic abilities?

Autumn-Born Children Better at Sports Says Study

The findings seem to show that children born in the early months of the school year enjoy a double “autumn advantage” – we already know that they have an academic advantage and, now, they also seem to be better at sports, too. The authors of the study believe that the most likely explanation is that children born in autumn get more vitamin D over the summer months towards the end of pregnancy. John Steele, chief executive of the Youth Sport Trust, said the quality of a young person’s introduction to sports at school can be “a major factor” in their sporting development. “Children that get a high-quality first experience will have greater agility, balance and coordination, and are more likely to develop an enjoyment of physical activity and be good at sports as they grow up”, he said.

2Ele

What does the study say about vitamin D?

Autumn-Born Children Better at Sports Says Study

The findings seem to show that children born in the early months of the school year enjoy a double “autumn advantage” – we already know that they have an academic advantage and, now, they also seem to be better at sports, too. The authors of the study believe that the most likely explanation is that children born in autumn get more vitamin D over the summer months towards the end of pregnancy. John Steele, chief executive of the Youth Sport Trust, said the quality of a young person’s introduction to sports at school can be “a major factor” in their sporting development. “Children that get a high-quality first experience will have greater agility, balance and coordination, and are more likely to develop an enjoyment of physical activity and be good at sports as they grow up”, he said.

2Ele

What is one effect of a high-quality first sports experience, according to Steele?

Autumn-Born Children Better at Sports Says Study

The findings seem to show that children born in the early months of the school year enjoy a double “autumn advantage” – we already know that they have an academic advantage and, now, they also seem to be better at sports, too. The authors of the study believe that the most likely explanation is that children born in autumn get more vitamin D over the summer months towards the end of pregnancy. John Steele, chief executive of the Youth Sport Trust, said the quality of a young person’s introduction to sports at school can be “a major factor” in their sporting development. “Children that get a high-quality first experience will have greater agility, balance and coordination, and are more likely to develop an enjoyment of physical activity and be good at sports as they grow up”, he said.

2Ele

What does Steele say is “a major factor” in the development of a child’s athletic abilities?

Autumn-Born Children Better at Sports Says Study

UK Sport could not say if a disproportionately high number of the 1,300 athletes across 47 sports it funds were born in November and October. Natalie Dunman, its head of performance pathways, said that, while the differences highlighted in the new findings were borne out by teenagers competing in junior-level competitions, they had disappeared by the time athletes were taking part in adult competitions. She said: “Looking at elite, senior athletes, there are many factors that go into making a champion and our work hasn’t uncovered anything to suggest that month of birth is one of the key ingredients.”

0Adv

What does Natalie Dunman note is a limitation to the study?

Autumn-Born Children Better at Sports Says Study

UK Sport could not say if a disproportionately high number of the 1,300 athletes across 47 sports it funds were born in November and October. Natalie Dunman, its head of performance pathways, said that, while the differences highlighted in the new findings were borne out by teenagers competing in junior-level competitions, they had disappeared by the time athletes were taking part in adult competitions. She said: “Looking at elite, senior athletes, there are many factors that go into making a champion and our work hasn’t uncovered anything to suggest that month of birth is one of the key ingredients.”

0Adv

According to Dunman, when it comes to adult athletes ...

Autumn-Born Children Better at Sports Says Study

UK Sport could not say if a disproportionately high number of the 1,300 athletes across 47 sports it funds were born in November and October. Natalie Dunman, its head of performance pathways, said that, while the differences highlighted in the new findings were borne out by teenagers competing in junior-level competitions, they had disappeared by the time athletes were taking part in adult competitions. She said: “Looking at elite, senior athletes, there are many factors that go into making a champion and our work hasn’t uncovered anything to suggest that month of birth is one of the key ingredients.”

0Adv

Where does Dunamn believe the athletic abilities of adults are derived from?

Autumn-Born Children Better at Sports Says Study

UK Sport could not say if a disproportionate majority of the 1,300 athletes across 47 sports it funds were born in November and October. Natalie Dunman, its head of performance, said that while the differences highlighted in the new findings were borne out by teenagers competing in junior-level competitions, they had disappeared by the time athletes were taking part in adult competitions. She said: “With elite, senior athletes, there are many factors that make a champion and our work hasn’t uncovered anything to suggest that month of birth is one of the key ingredients.”

1Int

What does Natalie Dunman note is a limitation to the study?

Autumn-Born Children Better at Sports Says Study

UK Sport could not say if a disproportionate majority of the 1,300 athletes across 47 sports it funds were born in November and October. Natalie Dunman, its head of performance, said that while the differences highlighted in the new findings were borne out by teenagers competing in junior-level competitions, they had disappeared by the time athletes were taking part in adult competitions. She said: “With elite, senior athletes, there are many factors that make a champion and our work hasn’t uncovered anything to suggest that month of birth is one of the key ingredients.”

1Int

According to Dunman, when it comes to adult athletes ...

Autumn-Born Children Better at Sports Says Study

UK Sport could not say if a disproportionate majority of the 1,300 athletes across 47 sports it funds were born in November and October. Natalie Dunman, its head of performance, said that while the differences highlighted in the new findings were borne out by teenagers competing in junior-level competitions, they had disappeared by the time athletes were taking part in adult competitions. She said: “With elite, senior athletes, there are many factors that make a champion and our work hasn’t uncovered anything to suggest that month of birth is one of the key ingredients.”

1Int

Where does Dunamn believe the athletic abilities of adults are derived from?

Autumn-Born Children Better at Sports Says Study

UK Sport could not say if a majority of the 1,300 athletes it gives money to were born in November and October. Natalie Dunman, its head of performance, said that the differences shown in the new study were true for teenagers in junior-level competitions, but that the differences disappear before athletes were in adult competitions. She said: “With adult athletes, there are many factors that make a champion and we don’t think that month of birth is one of the key ingredients.”

2Ele

What does Natalie Dunman note is a limitation to the study?

Autumn-Born Children Better at Sports Says Study

UK Sport could not say if a majority of the 1,300 athletes it gives money to were born in November and October. Natalie Dunman, its head of performance, said that the differences shown in the new study were true for teenagers in junior-level competitions, but that the differences disappear before athletes were in adult competitions. She said: “With adult athletes, there are many factors that make a champion and we don’t think that month of birth is one of the key ingredients.”

2Ele

According to Dunman, when it comes to adult athletes ...

Autumn-Born Children Better at Sports Says Study

UK Sport could not say if a majority of the 1,300 athletes it gives money to were born in November and October. Natalie Dunman, its head of performance, said that the differences shown in the new study were true for teenagers in junior-level competitions, but that the differences disappear before athletes were in adult competitions. She said: “With adult athletes, there are many factors that make a champion and we don’t think that month of birth is one of the key ingredients.”

2Ele

Where does Dunamn believe the athletic abilities of adults are derived from?

Bangladeshi Organization Delivers a Lesson on Ending Child Labor

The small space is set up to look like a classroom. Its corrugated iron walls are hung with educational charts – illustrated letters of the alphabet and a map of Bangladesh. But, the constant sound of hammering and the chemicals in the air that catch in the back of the throat and irritate the eyes make it hard to concentrate. The children who learn in this three-square-meter room are the lucky ones, however. They have escaped working in the factories opposite.

0Adv

What is depicted on the walls?

Bangladeshi Organization Delivers a Lesson on Ending Child Labor

The small space is set up to look like a classroom. Its corrugated iron walls are hung with educational charts – illustrated letters of the alphabet and a map of Bangladesh. But, the constant sound of hammering and the chemicals in the air that catch in the back of the throat and irritate the eyes make it hard to concentrate. The children who learn in this three-square-meter room are the lucky ones, however. They have escaped working in the factories opposite.

0Adv

Why are the people in the room lucky?

Bangladeshi Organization Delivers a Lesson on Ending Child Labor

The small space is set up to look like a classroom. Its corrugated iron walls are hung with educational charts – illustrated letters of the alphabet and a map of Bangladesh. But, the constant sound of hammering and the chemicals in the air that catch in the back of the throat and irritate the eyes make it hard to concentrate. The children who learn in this three-square-meter room are the lucky ones, however. They have escaped working in the factories opposite.

0Adv

Which children are referred to as “lucky”?

Bangladeshi Organization Delivers a Lesson on Ending Child Labor

The small space is set up to look like a classroom. On its corrugated iron walls are educational charts – letters of the alphabet and a map of Bangladesh. But, it is hard to concentrate – there is the constant sound of hammering and chemicals in the air that stick in the back of the throat and irritate the eyes. However, the children who learn in this three-square-meter room are the lucky ones. They have escaped working in the factories opposite.

1Int

What is depicted on the walls?

Bangladeshi Organization Delivers a Lesson on Ending Child Labor

The small space is set up to look like a classroom. On its corrugated iron walls are educational charts – letters of the alphabet and a map of Bangladesh. But, it is hard to concentrate – there is the constant sound of hammering and chemicals in the air that stick in the back of the throat and irritate the eyes. However, the children who learn in this three-square-meter room are the lucky ones. They have escaped working in the factories opposite.

1Int

Why are the people in the room lucky?

Bangladeshi Organization Delivers a Lesson on Ending Child Labor

The small space is set up to look like a classroom. On its corrugated iron walls are educational charts – letters of the alphabet and a map of Bangladesh. But, it is hard to concentrate – there is the constant sound of hammering and chemicals in the air that stick in the back of the throat and irritate the eyes. However, the children who learn in this three-square-meter room are the lucky ones. They have escaped working in the factories opposite.

1Int

Which children are referred to as “lucky”?

Bangladeshi Organization Delivers a Lesson on Ending Child Labor

The small room looks like a classroom. The posters on the walls show letters of the alphabet and a map of Bangladesh. But, it is hard to concentrate – there is the loud hammering and chemicals in the air that hurt the throat and eyes. But, the children who learn in this three-square-meter room are lucky. They have escaped working in the factories opposite.

2Ele

What is depicted on the walls?

Bangladeshi Organization Delivers a Lesson on Ending Child Labor

The small room looks like a classroom. The posters on the walls show letters of the alphabet and a map of Bangladesh. But, it is hard to concentrate – there is the loud hammering and chemicals in the air that hurt the throat and eyes. But, the children who learn in this three-square-meter room are lucky. They have escaped working in the factories opposite.

2Ele

Why are the people in the room lucky?

Bangladeshi Organization Delivers a Lesson on Ending Child Labor

The small room looks like a classroom. The posters on the walls show letters of the alphabet and a map of Bangladesh. But, it is hard to concentrate – there is the loud hammering and chemicals in the air that hurt the throat and eyes. But, the children who learn in this three-square-meter room are lucky. They have escaped working in the factories opposite.

2Ele

Which children are referred to as “lucky”?

Bangladeshi Organization Delivers a Lesson on Ending Child Labor

For 14 years, SOHAY, a grassroots non-governmental organization (NGO) funded by the Global Fund for Children and Comic Relief, has been working in slum areas of Dhaka to get child laborers into school. It focuses on children working in hazardous conditions – in aluminum and plastic factories, and tanneries. The classroom is one of 23 urban development centers that SOHAY has set up across the capital. The centers prepare children for primary school with classes that help them catch up on their education. Once they are in primary school, the children can do homework at the centers, with help from their peers. Alamin, ten, who used to work in a plastic factory, attends one of the centers. His father is a street seller and his mother a part-time domestic worker. They are all happy that he’s now in school and away from hazardous work. His friend Rabi says he wants to forget his past in the factory. “I like school,” he says.

0Adv

What do the classes at the center do?

Bangladeshi Organization Delivers a Lesson on Ending Child Labor

For 14 years, SOHAY, a grassroots non-governmental organization (NGO) funded by the Global Fund for Children and Comic Relief, has been working in slum areas of Dhaka to get child laborers into school. It focuses on children working in hazardous conditions – in aluminum and plastic factories, and tanneries. The classroom is one of 23 urban development centers that SOHAY has set up across the capital. The centers prepare children for primary school with classes that help them catch up on their education. Once they are in primary school, the children can do homework at the centers, with help from their peers. Alamin, ten, who used to work in a plastic factory, attends one of the centers. His father is a street seller and his mother a part-time domestic worker. They are all happy that he’s now in school and away from hazardous work. His friend Rabi says he wants to forget his past in the factory. “I like school,” he says.

0Adv

Who is Alamin?

Bangladeshi Organization Delivers a Lesson on Ending Child Labor

For 14 years, SOHAY, a grassroots non-governmental organization (NGO) funded by the Global Fund for Children and Comic Relief, has been working in slum areas of Dhaka to get child laborers into school. It focuses on children working in hazardous conditions – in aluminum and plastic factories, and tanneries. The classroom is one of 23 urban development centers that SOHAY has set up across the capital. The centers prepare children for primary school with classes that help them catch up on their education. Once they are in primary school, the children can do homework at the centers, with help from their peers. Alamin, ten, who used to work in a plastic factory, attends one of the centers. His father is a street seller and his mother a part-time domestic worker. They are all happy that he’s now in school and away from hazardous work. His friend Rabi says he wants to forget his past in the factory. “I like school,” he says.

0Adv

What does Alamin currently do?

Bangladeshi Organization Delivers a Lesson on Ending Child Labor

For 14 years, SOHAY, a grassroots non-governmental organization (NGO) funded by the Global Fund for Children and Comic Relief, has been working in slum areas of Dhaka to get child laborers into school. It focuses on children working in hazardous conditions. The classroom is one of 23 urban development centers that SOHAY has set up in the capital. The centers prepare children for primary school with classes that help them catch up on their education. Once they are in primary school, the children get help with their homework at the centers. Alamin, ten, who used to work in a plastic factory, attends one of the centers. His father is a street seller and his mother a part-time domestic worker. They are all happy that he’s now in school and away from hazardous work. His friend Rabi says he wants to forget his past in the factory. “I like school,” he says.

1Int

What do the classes at the center do?

Bangladeshi Organization Delivers a Lesson on Ending Child Labor

For 14 years, SOHAY, a grassroots non-governmental organization (NGO) funded by the Global Fund for Children and Comic Relief, has been working in slum areas of Dhaka to get child laborers into school. It focuses on children working in hazardous conditions. The classroom is one of 23 urban development centers that SOHAY has set up in the capital. The centers prepare children for primary school with classes that help them catch up on their education. Once they are in primary school, the children get help with their homework at the centers. Alamin, ten, who used to work in a plastic factory, attends one of the centers. His father is a street seller and his mother a part-time domestic worker. They are all happy that he’s now in school and away from hazardous work. His friend Rabi says he wants to forget his past in the factory. “I like school,” he says.

1Int

Who is Alamin?

Bangladeshi Organization Delivers a Lesson on Ending Child Labor

For 14 years, SOHAY, a grassroots non-governmental organization (NGO) funded by the Global Fund for Children and Comic Relief, has been working in slum areas of Dhaka to get child laborers into school. It focuses on children working in hazardous conditions. The classroom is one of 23 urban development centers that SOHAY has set up in the capital. The centers prepare children for primary school with classes that help them catch up on their education. Once they are in primary school, the children get help with their homework at the centers. Alamin, ten, who used to work in a plastic factory, attends one of the centers. His father is a street seller and his mother a part-time domestic worker. They are all happy that he’s now in school and away from hazardous work. His friend Rabi says he wants to forget his past in the factory. “I like school,” he says.

1Int

What does Alamin currently do?

Bangladeshi Organization Delivers a Lesson on Ending Child Labor

For 14 years, SOHAY, a non-governmental organization (NGO), has worked in slums in Dhaka to send child workers to school. It especially tries to help children who do dangerous work. The classroom is one of 23 centers that SOHAY has set up in Dhaka. The classes at the centers help children enter primary school. When they are in school, the children get extra help with their homework at the centers. Alamin, ten years old, used to work in a plastic factory. He now goes to one of the centers. His parents are happy that he’s now in school and not doing dangerous work. His friend Rabi says he wants to forget his past in the factory. “I like school,” he says.

2Ele

What do the classes at the center do?

Bangladeshi Organization Delivers a Lesson on Ending Child Labor

For 14 years, SOHAY, a non-governmental organization (NGO), has worked in slums in Dhaka to send child workers to school. It especially tries to help children who do dangerous work. The classroom is one of 23 centers that SOHAY has set up in Dhaka. The classes at the centers help children enter primary school. When they are in school, the children get extra help with their homework at the centers. Alamin, ten years old, used to work in a plastic factory. He now goes to one of the centers. His parents are happy that he’s now in school and not doing dangerous work. His friend Rabi says he wants to forget his past in the factory. “I like school,” he says.

2Ele

Who is Alamin?

Bangladeshi Organization Delivers a Lesson on Ending Child Labor

For 14 years, SOHAY, a non-governmental organization (NGO), has worked in slums in Dhaka to send child workers to school. It especially tries to help children who do dangerous work. The classroom is one of 23 centers that SOHAY has set up in Dhaka. The classes at the centers help children enter primary school. When they are in school, the children get extra help with their homework at the centers. Alamin, ten years old, used to work in a plastic factory. He now goes to one of the centers. His parents are happy that he’s now in school and not doing dangerous work. His friend Rabi says he wants to forget his past in the factory. “I like school,” he says.

2Ele

What does Alamin currently do?

Bangladeshi Organization Delivers a Lesson on Ending Child Labor

SOHAY also runs sessions for parents and employers to discourage child labor and offers skills training to increase family income. “Getting working children into formal education is really very challenging,” says SOHAY’s program manager, Mohammed al-Mamun. “Their psychological and physical condition is not like other children in society. After they leave work, they sometimes find it difficult to make friends and adapt to school.” It is also very challenging to ensure they stay in school – the dropout rate is very high for these children. Seven-year-old Zhorna Akter Sumayya has two older brothers, both of whom are in work (one at a restaurant, one at a local club). But, after being introduced to education at one of SOHAY’s centers, she now goes to a state primary school. Her parents can’t survive without the income their sons bring home, but they were keen for their daughter to go to school.

0Adv

What is a challenge working children face in regards to attending school, according to al-Mamun?

Bangladeshi Organization Delivers a Lesson on Ending Child Labor

SOHAY also runs sessions for parents and employers to discourage child labor and offers skills training to increase family income. “Getting working children into formal education is really very challenging,” says SOHAY’s program manager, Mohammed al-Mamun. “Their psychological and physical condition is not like other children in society. After they leave work, they sometimes find it difficult to make friends and adapt to school.” It is also very challenging to ensure they stay in school – the dropout rate is very high for these children. Seven-year-old Zhorna Akter Sumayya has two older brothers, both of whom are in work (one at a restaurant, one at a local club). But, after being introduced to education at one of SOHAY’s centers, she now goes to a state primary school. Her parents can’t survive without the income their sons bring home, but they were keen for their daughter to go to school.

0Adv

What do Zhorna’s brothers do?

Bangladeshi Organization Delivers a Lesson on Ending Child Labor

SOHAY also runs sessions for parents and employers to discourage child labor and offers skills training to increase family income. “Getting working children into formal education is really very challenging,” says SOHAY’s program manager, Mohammed al-Mamun. “Their psychological and physical condition is not like other children in society. After they leave work, they sometimes find it difficult to make friends and adapt to school.” It is also very challenging to ensure they stay in school – the dropout rate is very high for these children. Seven-year-old Zhorna Akter Sumayya has two older brothers, both of whom are in work (one at a restaurant, one at a local club). But, after being introduced to education at one of SOHAY’s centers, she now goes to a state primary school. Her parents can’t survive without the income their sons bring home, but they were keen for their daughter to go to school.

0Adv

Why do Zhorna’s brothers both work instead of attending school?

Bangladeshi Organization Delivers a Lesson on Ending Child Labor

SOHAY also has sessions for parents and employers to discourage child labor and offers skills training to increase family income. “Getting working children into formal education is really very difficult,” says SOHAY’s program manager, Mohammed al-Mamun. “They are not like other children. After they leave work, they sometimes find it difficult to make friends and adapt to school.” It is also very difficult to make sure they stay in school – lots of these children don’t finish school.” Seven-year-old Zhorna Akter Sumayya has two older brothers – they are both in work (one at a restaurant, one at a local club). But, after her introduction to education at one of SOHAY’s centers, she now goes to a state primary school. Her parents can’t survive without the money their sons earn, but they wanted their daughter to go to school.

1Int

What is a challenge working children face in regards to attending school, according to al-Mamun?

Bangladeshi Organization Delivers a Lesson on Ending Child Labor

SOHAY also has sessions for parents and employers to discourage child labor and offers skills training to increase family income. “Getting working children into formal education is really very difficult,” says SOHAY’s program manager, Mohammed al-Mamun. “They are not like other children. After they leave work, they sometimes find it difficult to make friends and adapt to school.” It is also very difficult to make sure they stay in school – lots of these children don’t finish school.” Seven-year-old Zhorna Akter Sumayya has two older brothers – they are both in work (one at a restaurant, one at a local club). But, after her introduction to education at one of SOHAY’s centers, she now goes to a state primary school. Her parents can’t survive without the money their sons earn, but they wanted their daughter to go to school.

1Int

What do Zhorna’s brothers do?

Bangladeshi Organization Delivers a Lesson on Ending Child Labor

SOHAY also has sessions for parents and employers to discourage child labor and offers skills training to increase family income. “Getting working children into formal education is really very difficult,” says SOHAY’s program manager, Mohammed al-Mamun. “They are not like other children. After they leave work, they sometimes find it difficult to make friends and adapt to school.” It is also very difficult to make sure they stay in school – lots of these children don’t finish school.” Seven-year-old Zhorna Akter Sumayya has two older brothers – they are both in work (one at a restaurant, one at a local club). But, after her introduction to education at one of SOHAY’s centers, she now goes to a state primary school. Her parents can’t survive without the money their sons earn, but they wanted their daughter to go to school.

1Int

Why do Zhorna’s brothers both work instead of attending school?

Bangladeshi Organization Delivers a Lesson on Ending Child Labor

SOHAY also has classes for parents and employers to stop child labor. “It can be very difficult for working children to go to school,” says SOHAY’s program manager, Mohammed al-Mamun. “They are not like other children. After they stop working, they sometimes find it difficult to make friends and adapt to school.” It is also difficult to make sure they stay in school – lots of these children don’t finish school. Seven-year-old Zhorna Akter Sumayya has two older brothers – they both work (one at a restaurant, one at a local club). But, she went to a SOHAY center and she now goes to school. Her parents need the money their sons make, but they want their daughter to go to school.

2Ele

What is a challenge working children face in regards to attending school, according to al-Mamun?

Bangladeshi Organization Delivers a Lesson on Ending Child Labor

SOHAY also has classes for parents and employers to stop child labor. “It can be very difficult for working children to go to school,” says SOHAY’s program manager, Mohammed al-Mamun. “They are not like other children. After they stop working, they sometimes find it difficult to make friends and adapt to school.” It is also difficult to make sure they stay in school – lots of these children don’t finish school. Seven-year-old Zhorna Akter Sumayya has two older brothers – they both work (one at a restaurant, one at a local club). But, she went to a SOHAY center and she now goes to school. Her parents need the money their sons make, but they want their daughter to go to school.

2Ele

What do Zhorna’s brothers do?

Bangladeshi Organization Delivers a Lesson on Ending Child Labor

SOHAY also has classes for parents and employers to stop child labor. “It can be very difficult for working children to go to school,” says SOHAY’s program manager, Mohammed al-Mamun. “They are not like other children. After they stop working, they sometimes find it difficult to make friends and adapt to school.” It is also difficult to make sure they stay in school – lots of these children don’t finish school. Seven-year-old Zhorna Akter Sumayya has two older brothers – they both work (one at a restaurant, one at a local club). But, she went to a SOHAY center and she now goes to school. Her parents need the money their sons make, but they want their daughter to go to school.

2Ele

Why do Zhorna’s brothers both work instead of attending school?

Bangladeshi Organization Delivers a Lesson on Ending Child Labor

In 2015, SOHAY helped 1,540 children to leave hazardous work and 2,125 vulnerable children – those in danger of entering work – into school. About 780 more children are preparing to enter school in 2017. The organization is also helping 635 children who are working in hazardous conditions to know their rights under Bangladesh’s 2010 child labor elimination code of conduct. The policy aimed to eradicate all forms of child labor by 2015 but that target was missed. The Labor Law of Bangladesh 2006 bans children under the age of 14 from working but, according to the UN children’s agency, UNICEF, 4.7 million children under that age are employed in the informal sector and 1.3 million aged five to 17 work in hazardous industries.

0Adv

What did SOHAY do in 2015?

Bangladeshi Organization Delivers a Lesson on Ending Child Labor

In 2015, SOHAY helped 1,540 children to leave hazardous work and 2,125 vulnerable children – those in danger of entering work – into school. About 780 more children are preparing to enter school in 2017. The organization is also helping 635 children who are working in hazardous conditions to know their rights under Bangladesh’s 2010 child labor elimination code of conduct. The policy aimed to eradicate all forms of child labor by 2015 but that target was missed. The Labor Law of Bangladesh 2006 bans children under the age of 14 from working but, according to the UN children’s agency, UNICEF, 4.7 million children under that age are employed in the informal sector and 1.3 million aged five to 17 work in hazardous industries.

0Adv

What statistic does UNICEF provide about children in Bangladesh?

Bangladeshi Organization Delivers a Lesson on Ending Child Labor

In 2015, SOHAY helped 1,540 children to leave hazardous work and 2,125 vulnerable children – those in danger of entering work – into school. About 780 more children are preparing to enter school in 2017. The organization is also helping 635 children who are working in hazardous conditions to know their rights under Bangladesh’s 2010 child labor elimination code of conduct. The policy aimed to eradicate all forms of child labor by 2015 but that target was missed. The Labor Law of Bangladesh 2006 bans children under the age of 14 from working but, according to the UN children’s agency, UNICEF, 4.7 million children under that age are employed in the informal sector and 1.3 million aged five to 17 work in hazardous industries.

0Adv

How many children did SOHAY help leave work in 2015?

Bangladeshi Organization Delivers a Lesson on Ending Child Labor

In 2015, SOHAY helped 1,540 children to leave hazardous work and 2,125 more children – those in danger of starting work – into school. About 780 more children are preparing to enter school in 2017. The organization is also helping 635 children who are working in hazardous conditions to know their rights. The Labor Law of Bangladesh 2006 does not allow children under the age of 14 to work but, according to the UN children’s agency, UNICEF, 4.7 million children under that age are employed and 1.3 million aged five to 17 work in hazardous industries.

1Int

What did SOHAY do in 2015?

Bangladeshi Organization Delivers a Lesson on Ending Child Labor

In 2015, SOHAY helped 1,540 children to leave hazardous work and 2,125 more children – those in danger of starting work – into school. About 780 more children are preparing to enter school in 2017. The organization is also helping 635 children who are working in hazardous conditions to know their rights. The Labor Law of Bangladesh 2006 does not allow children under the age of 14 to work but, according to the UN children’s agency, UNICEF, 4.7 million children under that age are employed and 1.3 million aged five to 17 work in hazardous industries.

1Int

What statistic does UNICEF provide about children in Bangladesh?

Bangladeshi Organization Delivers a Lesson on Ending Child Labor

In 2015, SOHAY helped 1,540 children to leave hazardous work and 2,125 more children – those in danger of starting work – into school. About 780 more children are preparing to enter school in 2017. The organization is also helping 635 children who are working in hazardous conditions to know their rights. The Labor Law of Bangladesh 2006 does not allow children under the age of 14 to work but, according to the UN children’s agency, UNICEF, 4.7 million children under that age are employed and 1.3 million aged five to 17 work in hazardous industries.

1Int

How many children did SOHAY help leave work in 2015?

Bangladeshi Organization Delivers a Lesson on Ending Child Labor

In 2015, SOHAY helped 1,540 children to leave dangerous work and helped 2,125 more children – those who would soon start work – to go to school. About 780 more children are preparing to start school in 2017. The Labor Law of Bangladesh 2006 does not allow children younger than 14 to work but UNICEF says that, in Bangladesh, 4.7 million children younger than 14 are employed and 1.3 million children aged five to 17 do dangerous work.

2Ele

What did SOHAY do in 2015?

Bangladeshi Organization Delivers a Lesson on Ending Child Labor

In 2015, SOHAY helped 1,540 children to leave dangerous work and helped 2,125 more children – those who would soon start work – to go to school. About 780 more children are preparing to start school in 2017. The Labor Law of Bangladesh 2006 does not allow children younger than 14 to work but UNICEF says that, in Bangladesh, 4.7 million children younger than 14 are employed and 1.3 million children aged five to 17 do dangerous work.

2Ele

What statistic does UNICEF provide about children in Bangladesh?

Bangladeshi Organization Delivers a Lesson on Ending Child Labor

In 2015, SOHAY helped 1,540 children to leave dangerous work and helped 2,125 more children – those who would soon start work – to go to school. About 780 more children are preparing to start school in 2017. The Labor Law of Bangladesh 2006 does not allow children younger than 14 to work but UNICEF says that, in Bangladesh, 4.7 million children younger than 14 are employed and 1.3 million children aged five to 17 do dangerous work.

2Ele

How many children did SOHAY help leave work in 2015?

Bolivians Demand the Right to Chew Coca Leaves

major international disagreement with wide-ranging implications for global drugs policy has erupted over the right of Bolivia’s indigenous Indian tribes to chew coca leaves, the principal ingredient in cocaine. Bolivia has obtained a special exemption from the 1961 Single Convention on Narcotic Drugs, the framework that governs international drugs policy, allowing its indigenous people to chew the leaves. Bolivia had argued that the convention was in opposition to its new constitution, adopted in 2009, which obliges it to “protect native and ancestral coca as cultural patrimony” and maintains that coca “in its natural state ... is not a dangerous narcotic.”

0Adv

What was the purpose of the 1961 Convention on Drugs?

Bolivians Demand the Right to Chew Coca Leaves

major international disagreement with wide-ranging implications for global drugs policy has erupted over the right of Bolivia’s indigenous Indian tribes to chew coca leaves, the principal ingredient in cocaine. Bolivia has obtained a special exemption from the 1961 Single Convention on Narcotic Drugs, the framework that governs international drugs policy, allowing its indigenous people to chew the leaves. Bolivia had argued that the convention was in opposition to its new constitution, adopted in 2009, which obliges it to “protect native and ancestral coca as cultural patrimony” and maintains that coca “in its natural state ... is not a dangerous narcotic.”

0Adv

What does Bolivia’s constitution say?

Bolivians Demand the Right to Chew Coca Leaves

major international disagreement with wide-ranging implications for global drugs policy has erupted over the right of Bolivia’s indigenous Indian tribes to chew coca leaves, the principal ingredient in cocaine. Bolivia has obtained a special exemption from the 1961 Single Convention on Narcotic Drugs, the framework that governs international drugs policy, allowing its indigenous people to chew the leaves. Bolivia had argued that the convention was in opposition to its new constitution, adopted in 2009, which obliges it to “protect native and ancestral coca as cultural patrimony” and maintains that coca “in its natural state ... is not a dangerous narcotic.”

0Adv

Who is currently permitted to consume coca in Bolivia?

Bolivians Demand the Right to Chew Coca Leaves

The right of Bolivia’s indigenous Indian tribes to chew coca leaves, the main ingredient in cocaine, has caused major international disagreement, which could have a significant effect on global drugs policy. Bolivia has received a special exemption from the 1961 Convention on Narcotic Drugs, which controls international drugs policy. The exemption allows Bolivia’s indigenous people to chew the leaves. Bolivia had argued that the convention was in opposition to its new constitution, adopted in 2009, which says it must “protect native and ancestral coca” as part of its cultural heritage and maintains that coca “in its natural state ... is not a dangerous narcotic.”

1Int

What was the purpose of the 1961 Convention on Drugs?

Bolivians Demand the Right to Chew Coca Leaves

The right of Bolivia’s indigenous Indian tribes to chew coca leaves, the main ingredient in cocaine, has caused major international disagreement, which could have a significant effect on global drugs policy. Bolivia has received a special exemption from the 1961 Convention on Narcotic Drugs, which controls international drugs policy. The exemption allows Bolivia’s indigenous people to chew the leaves. Bolivia had argued that the convention was in opposition to its new constitution, adopted in 2009, which says it must “protect native and ancestral coca” as part of its cultural heritage and maintains that coca “in its natural state ... is not a dangerous narcotic.”

1Int

What does Bolivia’s constitution say?

Bolivians Demand the Right to Chew Coca Leaves

The right of Bolivia’s indigenous Indian tribes to chew coca leaves, the main ingredient in cocaine, has caused major international disagreement, which could have a significant effect on global drugs policy. Bolivia has received a special exemption from the 1961 Convention on Narcotic Drugs, which controls international drugs policy. The exemption allows Bolivia’s indigenous people to chew the leaves. Bolivia had argued that the convention was in opposition to its new constitution, adopted in 2009, which says it must “protect native and ancestral coca” as part of its cultural heritage and maintains that coca “in its natural state ... is not a dangerous narcotic.”

1Int

Who is currently permitted to consume coca in Bolivia?

Bolivians Demand the Right to Chew Coca Leaves

A big international disagreement has started over the right of Bolivia’s indigenous Indian tribes to chew coca leaves, the main ingredient in cocaine. This could have a significant effect on global drugs policy. Bolivia has received a special exemption from the 1961 Convention on Drugs, the agreement that controls international drugs policy. The exemption allows Bolivia’s indigenous people to chew the leaves. Bolivia said that the convention was against its new constitution, adopted in 2009, which says it must “protect native and ancestral coca” as part of its cultural heritage and says that coca “in its natural state ... is not a dangerous drug.”

2Ele

What was the purpose of the 1961 Convention on Drugs?

Bolivians Demand the Right to Chew Coca Leaves

A big international disagreement has started over the right of Bolivia’s indigenous Indian tribes to chew coca leaves, the main ingredient in cocaine. This could have a significant effect on global drugs policy. Bolivia has received a special exemption from the 1961 Convention on Drugs, the agreement that controls international drugs policy. The exemption allows Bolivia’s indigenous people to chew the leaves. Bolivia said that the convention was against its new constitution, adopted in 2009, which says it must “protect native and ancestral coca” as part of its cultural heritage and says that coca “in its natural state ... is not a dangerous drug.”

2Ele

What does Bolivia’s constitution say?

Bolivians Demand the Right to Chew Coca Leaves

A big international disagreement has started over the right of Bolivia’s indigenous Indian tribes to chew coca leaves, the main ingredient in cocaine. This could have a significant effect on global drugs policy. Bolivia has received a special exemption from the 1961 Convention on Drugs, the agreement that controls international drugs policy. The exemption allows Bolivia’s indigenous people to chew the leaves. Bolivia said that the convention was against its new constitution, adopted in 2009, which says it must “protect native and ancestral coca” as part of its cultural heritage and says that coca “in its natural state ... is not a dangerous drug.”

2Ele

Who is currently permitted to consume coca in Bolivia?

Bolivians Demand the Right to Chew Coca Leaves

South American Indians have chewed coca leaves for centuries. The leaves reputedly provide energy and are said to have medicinal qualities. Supporters of Bolivia’s position praised it for doing the right thing by defending the rights of indigenous people. “The Bolivian move is inspirational and groundbreaking,” said Danny Kushlick, Head of External Affairs at the Transform Drug Policy Foundation, which promotes drug liberalization. “It shows that any country that has had enough of the war on drugs can change the terms of its engagement with the UN conventions.”

0Adv

Why do some people support Bolivia’s position?

Bolivians Demand the Right to Chew Coca Leaves

South American Indians have chewed coca leaves for centuries. The leaves reputedly provide energy and are said to have medicinal qualities. Supporters of Bolivia’s position praised it for doing the right thing by defending the rights of indigenous people. “The Bolivian move is inspirational and groundbreaking,” said Danny Kushlick, Head of External Affairs at the Transform Drug Policy Foundation, which promotes drug liberalization. “It shows that any country that has had enough of the war on drugs can change the terms of its engagement with the UN conventions.”

0Adv

According to Danny Kushlick, why was the Bolivian move significant?

Bolivians Demand the Right to Chew Coca Leaves

South American Indians have chewed coca leaves for centuries. The leaves reputedly provide energy and are said to have medicinal qualities. Supporters of Bolivia’s position praised it for doing the right thing by defending the rights of indigenous people. “The Bolivian move is inspirational and groundbreaking,” said Danny Kushlick, Head of External Affairs at the Transform Drug Policy Foundation, which promotes drug liberalization. “It shows that any country that has had enough of the war on drugs can change the terms of its engagement with the UN conventions.”

0Adv

Who is Danny Kushlick?

Bolivians Demand the Right to Chew Coca Leaves

South American Indians have chewed coca leaves for centuries. The leaves are said to provide energy and have medicinal qualities. Supporters of Bolivia’s position said that defending the rights of indigenous people was the right thing to do. “The Bolivian move is inspirational and groundbreaking,” said Danny Kushlick, of the Transform Drug Policy Foundation, which supports drug liberalization. “It shows that any country that is fed up with the war on drugs can change its relations with the UN conventions.”

1Int

Why do some people support Bolivia’s position?

Bolivians Demand the Right to Chew Coca Leaves

South American Indians have chewed coca leaves for centuries. The leaves are said to provide energy and have medicinal qualities. Supporters of Bolivia’s position said that defending the rights of indigenous people was the right thing to do. “The Bolivian move is inspirational and groundbreaking,” said Danny Kushlick, of the Transform Drug Policy Foundation, which supports drug liberalization. “It shows that any country that is fed up with the war on drugs can change its relations with the UN conventions.”

1Int

According to Danny Kushlick, why was the Bolivian move significant?

Bolivians Demand the Right to Chew Coca Leaves

South American Indians have chewed coca leaves for centuries. The leaves are said to provide energy and have medicinal qualities. Supporters of Bolivia’s position said that defending the rights of indigenous people was the right thing to do. “The Bolivian move is inspirational and groundbreaking,” said Danny Kushlick, of the Transform Drug Policy Foundation, which supports drug liberalization. “It shows that any country that is fed up with the war on drugs can change its relations with the UN conventions.”

1Int

Who is Danny Kushlick?

Bolivians Demand the Right to Chew Coca Leaves

South American Indians have chewed coca leaves for hundreds of years. The leaves give energy and have medicinal qualities. People who support Bolivia’s position said that defending the rights of indigenous people was the right thing to do. “The Bolivian move is very important,” said Danny Kushlick, of the Transform Drug Policy Foundation. “It shows that any country that doesn’t want to continue the war on drugs can change its relations with the UN conventions.”

2Ele

Why do some people support Bolivia’s position?

Bolivians Demand the Right to Chew Coca Leaves

South American Indians have chewed coca leaves for hundreds of years. The leaves give energy and have medicinal qualities. People who support Bolivia’s position said that defending the rights of indigenous people was the right thing to do. “The Bolivian move is very important,” said Danny Kushlick, of the Transform Drug Policy Foundation. “It shows that any country that doesn’t want to continue the war on drugs can change its relations with the UN conventions.”

2Ele

According to Danny Kushlick, why was the Bolivian move significant?

Bolivians Demand the Right to Chew Coca Leaves

South American Indians have chewed coca leaves for hundreds of years. The leaves give energy and have medicinal qualities. People who support Bolivia’s position said that defending the rights of indigenous people was the right thing to do. “The Bolivian move is very important,” said Danny Kushlick, of the Transform Drug Policy Foundation. “It shows that any country that doesn’t want to continue the war on drugs can change its relations with the UN conventions.”

2Ele

Who is Danny Kushlick?

Bolivians Demand the Right to Chew Coca Leaves

However, the UN’s International Narcotics Control Board (INCB), which monitors implementation of the global drug treaties, has accused Bolivia of threatening the integrity of the international drug control regime. A number of countries – including the UK, the US, Italy, Sweden, the Netherlands and Russia – opposed Bolivia’s demands. The UK’s submission to the UN, which oversees the convention, told the UN that it “acknowledges and respects the cultural importance of the coca leaf in Bolivia,” but it adds: “The United Kingdom is … concerned that the reservation could lead to increases in coca production and – most importantly – the amount of coca diverted to the cocaine trade. As such, the reservation would weaken international law as it relates to the global effort to tackle the illegal drugs trade and could weaken the international community’s response to that trade.”

0Adv

What stance are countries like the UK, the US, and Italy taking on Bolivia’s request?

Bolivians Demand the Right to Chew Coca Leaves

However, the UN’s International Narcotics Control Board (INCB), which monitors implementation of the global drug treaties, has accused Bolivia of threatening the integrity of the international drug control regime. A number of countries – including the UK, the US, Italy, Sweden, the Netherlands and Russia – opposed Bolivia’s demands. The UK’s submission to the UN, which oversees the convention, told the UN that it “acknowledges and respects the cultural importance of the coca leaf in Bolivia,” but it adds: “The United Kingdom is … concerned that the reservation could lead to increases in coca production and – most importantly – the amount of coca diverted to the cocaine trade. As such, the reservation would weaken international law as it relates to the global effort to tackle the illegal drugs trade and could weaken the international community’s response to that trade.”

0Adv

What is the UK worried about?